TENNESSEE NATIVE PLANT SOCIETY NEWSLETTER Volume 10, Number 1 February 1 987 The Tennessee Native Plant Society was founded in 1978 as a botanical club for all persons interested in the native flora of Tennessee. Its purpose is to promote interest in plant identification, folklore, grow- ing native plants from seeds and cuttings, landscaping with native plants, preserving natural areas and protecting rare plants. MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT By the time that this newsletter reaches all the TNPS households, it will be a little bit closer than it was the day that this "President's Message" was written. As you read these words, it should be a little bit more evident than it was when I looked out my office window and wrote them. To what am I referring? Spring, of course! We supposedly are in the throes of winter, but the temperature for the past few days has been mild enough to allow one to walk about with a light jacket unzip- ped. ! noticed moths at one of my back windows as ! drew myself a glass of water from the kitchen tap two nights ago. From that same window in the daytime, I can see male cardinals with their bright breeding plumage as they keep each other busy at the feeder. There are many signs of spring present for any winter-weary indivi- dual who will look for them. Daffodil leaves already have pushed above the soil. Tree twigs are laden with fat buds. Seed catalogs have been arriving at my house for nearly a month. Winter certainly has come, but can spring be far behind? In the meantime, though, I suppose we could have thirty feet of snow dumped on us for each of several successive weeks. Spring surely is on its way, but let's not get too excited yet. Anyway, I wouldn't mind thirty or so feet of snow right now, but that's another matter. The big news for TNPS at present is that we now have a new Treasurer! Long- time and faithful TNPS member Shirley Nicholson has assumed this important post, and I want to welcome her to this new responsibility. She's a good member who has come to the aid of her Society. Thanks! I'm sure that we'll all help in any way that we can. In other news, I am pleased and obligated to report that we had a tremendous response regarding the proposition to change the reading of the Constitution where membership is concerned. On my desk, there is a big stack of ballots with not one disapproving vote. So, we have a new membership classification, although I suppose it actually will not be official until our next board meet ing--which brings me to my next topic. A map/ i t i nerary is on page 11 (as opposed to the special mailing) about the upcoming board meeting. The date has been changed to February 1A (instead of Feb- ruary 21 as mentioned in the last newsletter) and will be held at the Montgomery 2 Bell State Park. The board meeting will begin at 10:00 a.m. Central Time with all the business hopefully being wrapped up by noon or 12:30 p.m. for the lunch break. Beginning with lunch and continuing until 3:00 p.m. there will be mingling and mix- ing around the food and photography (or illustrations and ingestibles, pictures and palatables, slides and slop?). Remember to bring about a dozen slides that you'd like to share. Anyway, it will be a good chance to get together with other TNPS members during the hiatus between fall and spring field trips and a good opportun- ity for the membership to see their Board of Directors at work. Please make it if at all possible. Also, please keep in mind the cost of the meal will be approxi- mately $6.00 per person. I do hope to see you there. With these items out of the way, I now intend to go back and look — for signs of spring? No! For thirty feet of snow! Who am I kidding? This is winter! — Scott C. Gunn Editor's Note : Previous newsletters sent out bulk rate have taken an estimated two to three weeks for delivery; however, the last newsletters went out as fast as first class despite the excess of Christmas mail! We were lucky. First class has priority and bulk rate is sent out whenever the postal workers have some spare time. I have had a few members bring to my attention that field trips and events have passed by the time they receive their Newsletter . As Editor-in-Chief, I will do my best to overlap information. Also, a schedule of tentative field trips and events for the year is included in the February issue, and should be saved and referred to in the event that the Newsletter is delayed in delivery. Additional copies of the field trip schedule is always available upon request. Other information about field trips and events can be obtained by writing to: Dennis D. Horn, 222 Crestwood Drive, Tullahoma, TN 37388, or by calling: (615) ^55-57^2 (Home) or (615) hSh-lkkl (Work). At present, our Field Trip Committee includes Dennis Horn, Bill and Kay Jones, and Bertha Chrietzberg. Occasionally, material that I feel important will be repeated. In doing so, new members will be informed, and established members will be reminded. Due to the work involved in producing the Newsletter , I am finding it necessary for the dead- line date be changed to allow for more time; therefore, the DEADLINE FOR MATERIALS FOR THE APRIL ISSUE IS NO LATER THAN MARCH 10, 1987 ! Please send contributions to: Mark L. Fuzek, TNPS Editor-in-Chief, P.0. Box 525, Knoxville, TN 37901, or call (615) 525-3651. Permission is hereby granted to reprint material contained within this Newsletter , provided proper credit is given to the author/editor and to the Tennessee Native Plant Society, Department of Botany, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-1100. - 3 - 1987 field trip schedule TENNESSEE NATIVE PLANT SOCIETY Each trip is presented in greater detail in an appropriate issue of the Newsletter . Phone numbers of leaders or places to call, dates, and event names are listed be- low. Official TNPS trips are led by persons familiar with native plants. Trips are for observing, photographing, and learning about our flora (NO collecting or digging please). Join us on as many excursions as possible; and feel free to rec- ommend areas for us to visit in the future. Sunday April 5 Short Springs Nature Area (Proposed) , Coffee County Dennis Horn (615) *455-57*42 (H) (615) *45*4-7*4*47 (W) Saturday May 2 Bucksnort Limestone Cliffs, Hickman Vernon Bates County (with Memphis Wildflower Society) (901) 365“ 90 1 5 (H) Saturday May 1 6 Synandra hispidula Hike, Jackson and B.F. Jones Overton Counties (615) 526-6518 (H) Saturday & Sunday June 6 and 7 TNPS Annual Meeting Pickett State Park, Jamestown, TN Scott Gunn (615) 7*42-6551 (W) (615) 792-4A63 (H) Saturday July 11 Holston Mountain, Carter County (Joint trip with Afbees) Saturday July 25 Platanthera orbiculata Search, Unaka Mountain, Unicoi County Saturday 6 Sunday August 15 and 16 Cherokee National Forest (Tellico River area), Monroe County Saturday August 29 Big Hill Pond State Natural Area (Silene ovata search), McNairy County Saturday September 26 Orchids (Spiranthes) and Composites (Silphium), Jackson County, AL and Franklin County, TN Saturday October 2*4 Stagecoach Road Grass-of-Parnassus Hike, Grundy County J . I . "Bus" Jones (615) 892-3009 (H) Paul Somers (615) 7*42-6550 (W) Harold Scott (615) 388-0850 (H) Vernon Bates (901) 365-9015 (H) Chuck Wi 1 son (615) 875-9625 (H) Randy Hedgepath ( 615 ) 92 * 4-2980 (W) Saturday November 7 Stones River Canoe Trip, Rutherford John Clark County (with Tennessee Trails Association) (615) 896 - 11*46 Nature centers and parks will offer many additional spring events. The Tennessee Department of Conservation District Naturalists can provide details on natural history activities throughout the year. Their names and phone numbers are: MIDDLE TENNESSEE Sharon Patterson Bracey (615) 36*4-2222 (W) WEST TENNESSEE Charles Norwel 1 (901) 873-21*49 (W,H) EAST TENNESSEE Bobby Fulcher (61 5) *426-2998 (W) APRIL TNPS FIELDS TRIPS SHORT SPRINGS NATURE AREA (PROPOSED) DATE: Sunday, April 5, 1987 TIME: 1:00 p.m. Central Time PLACE: Meet at the Dairy Queen in Tuliahoma, TN. At Manchester, leave at Exit 111, take TN State Highway 55 to Tuliahoma. The Dairy is on the left, one block past the first traffic light. \-2b Queen LEADER: Dennis Horn, 222 Crestwood Drive, Tuliahoma, TN 37388. Phone: / +55-57 2 +2 (Home), (615) b5b-lbbl (Work) (615) Short Springs is a 550 acre tract owned by the City of Tuliahoma. A tremendous spring on the property provided water to Tuliahoma for nearly bO years, prior to the completion of Normandy Lake. The area has recently been proposed for protection as a State Natural Area. The tract contains several ravines with numerous bluffs, waterfalls, moss covered seepage slopes and dripping springs. Spring wildf lowers are abundant below the waterfalls and along the creeks. The Short Springs tract is also the site for Nestronia umbel lula , a parasitic shrub in the Sandalwood family, and the only known location for it in Tennessee. Nestron i a is a candidate for fed- eral listing of plants threatened or endangered in the United States. Be prepared for a short walk (less than one mile) into a moderately steep ravine--nothing overly strenuous . LADYFINGER BLUFF, TVA SHALL WILD AREA, KENTUCKY RESERVOIR DATE: Saturday, April 11, 1987 TIME: 10:00 a.m. Central Time PLACE: Meet at the Perry County Courthouse in Linden, TN. LEADERS: Kay and Bill Jones, Grace Foster, and Judith Bartlow. For further information, contact Judith Bartlow, TVA, Natural Areas Coordinator, Natural Resources Bldg., Norris, TN 37828; or call (615) 632-1592. A A9~acre natural area with abundant spring wildflowers, especially shooting star, dwarf larkspur and firepink. A 2.3 mile trail follows a gentle to moderately steep grade along shoreline to emerge on high bluff offering a spectacular view of the Kentucky Lake and the National Migratory Wildlife Refuge on the opposite shore. Bring a sack lunch and drink. Hike is jointly sponsored by TVA, TPNS, Mousetail Landing State Park and Perry County Home Demonstration Club. WELCOME TO OUR NEW MEMBERS Carman, Jr., Mr. £ Mrs. Jack B., Tuliahoma, TN COLTSFOOT, Shipman, VA England, Mrs. James (Dot), Sparta, TN Lee, Barbara, Waynesboro, TN McCall, Connie, Columbus, OH Pelren, Kay, Milton, TN Sieb, Shirley, Alcoa, TN Weber, Susan, Huntsville, AL Schatz, Mrs. Paul, Pelham, AL - 5 - POTPOURRI 1987 MEMBERSHIP DUES/RENEWALS The 1987 renewal memberships are trickling in and we are glad you continue to support the Tennessee Native Plant Society. As men- tioned in the December 1 986 Newsletter , is has become necessary to increase the dues in order to keep the Society financially viable. Not unexpected, we have had a few complaints. One member asked why we took a vote on the Amendment con- cerning the Membership Categories, but not on the increase in dues. This is the way the TNPS Constitution and Bylaws are written. Realistically, how many members would vote to increase the dues? We have encountered another problem concerning the dues, but we are not going to point fingers--you know who you are. We have had severa 1 members send in 1986 Membership Forms and the corresponding dues to renew their membership for 1987, which we consider i nsuf f i c i ent dues. This action is obviously intentional since the dated checks were written after receipt of the December 1 986 Newsletter announcing the increase in dues. If all renewing members had done this, we would have defeated our entire purpose for increasing the dues. Prompt payment of the insufficient amount would be appreciated. WANTED; ARTEMISIA SEED Researchers are currently conducting investigations into the anti-malarial properties of Artemis i a species. Fresh plant materials are be- ing grown at the Denver Botanic Gardens and other locations, co-ordinated by Walter Reed Army Hospital. Worldwide, there are over 250 species of this dry-steppe na- tive; only 70 have been sampled to date. Your help in gathering seed of all species, sub-species, and varieties, is requested for this massive project. Only enough seed to grow 25 plants is needed, and the correct identification of the plant is not absolutely necessary. Unidentified seed should, however, be accompanied by good information regarding collection site--e.g., state and county, elevation, date, and so on. Please send material to: Jim Borland, Plant Propagator, Denver Botanic Gardens, 909 York St., Denver, CO 80206. (Reprinted from the Bulletin of the Cali- fornia Native Plant Society, Vol. 16, No. *4, October, November, December 1986, p.^) WELCOME TO OUR NEW TNPS TREASURER Shirley Nicholson has volunteered to be our new Treasurer. Previously, she has been actively involved as the TNPS Publicity Chair- man and on the Nominating Committee. Shirley and her husband Ed, have lived in Knoxville for many years, and they have four grown sons. A recently retired School Librarian, Shirley enjoys hiking and storytelling! We appreciate Shirley Nicholson for taking on this responsibility and know that she will be an asset to the Tenn- essee Native Plant Society in this position. STATE INCOME TAX TO PROTECT WILDFLOWERS ? California does not take their Rare and Endangered Species lightly. On their State Income Tax Form (LINE 90, under Volun- tary Contributions), they allow for a contribution spec ifical ly to the Rare and Endangered Species Preservation Program!! FREE PROGRAMS Friends of Cheekwood Speakers Bureau in cooperation with the staff of the Botanical Gardens and Fine Arts Center of Cheekwood, Nashville, TN, offer a variety of narrated slide lectures ranging from general introduction to Cheekwood to specific horticultural or art historical topics. The programs are free, and about 30 minutes in length. Members of TNPS may belong to other nature/wildlife organizations and need a good program for its meetings. If so, call Carol Stiles at (615) 269-57*46, or Cheekwood at (615) 352-5310. WILDFLOWER SEEDS AVAILABLE The New England Wild Flower Society is offering more than 150 varieties of wildflower seeds (including fern spores) in their 1 987 Seed- Sale List . This program is an adjunct of the Society's world-wide botanical garden seed distribution effort. Send a self-addressed, 39< stamped envelope (#10 busi- ness size) to: SEEDS, New England Wild Flower Society/Garden in the Woods, Hemenway Road, Framingham, MA 01701. No requests for seed lists will be honored without the stamped envelope, and must be received by March 2, 1987. Sales will be closed on March 16, 1987, and requests will be filled in the order received. MEMPHIS, TENNESSEE is designing a unique two-mile entrance to its city airport. The design of Plough Boulevard is an interpretation of the native landscape of the lower Mississippi River Valley, demonstrating the beauty of the region from Ox-Bow Lakes bordered by cattails and cardinal flowers, to hardwood forests understoried with dog- wood and redbud. The eventual plan will be a locational ly accurate display of native plant communities. This project is the result of an advisory committee partnership between government, business, and volunteers in order to celebrate the region and its her i tage. ATTENTION PHOTOGRAPHERS! The American Horticultural Society is already planning their 1 988 Endangered Wildf lowers Calendar . If you have any standard 35mm or large- format transparencies of plants which rank as Endangered or Threatened Species: taxa Category 1 and Category 2, they would be happy to consider your photographs. (Please write Barbara Ellis if you need a copy of the Federal Register list.) Also, the Nature Conservancy has a ranking system, and plants that are ranked in the fol- lowing TNC categories will be accepted: G 1 , G2 and GH (Historical). Deadl ine is mid-February, 1987 ! Please send inquiries to: Barbara W. Ellis, Publications Direct- or, American Horticultural Society, P.0. Box 0105, Mount Vernon, VA 22121, or call (703) 768-5700. SEEKING NATIVE PLANT LANDSCAPE DESIGNS A publishing firm which specializes in natu- ral resources publications is searching for examples of landscapes which feature substantial native plantings. Examples may be featured in upcoming books and arti- cles for a national audience. If you have a project which you think may be of interest, write to Native Landscape, 101A0 Gary Road, Potomac, MD 2085^. ( Caut ion : Be careful about submitting your own original design. Check to see if it can be copyrighted. Also, check to see if they are willing to pay you for your design and on what basis — all rights, first time rights, etc. The Ed i tor . ) IS IT WILD FLOWER OR WILDFLOWER ? According to Webster's Dictionary , both spellings are cor- rect! So, I guess it is a matter of personal choice as to how to spell it. WILDFLOWER WEEK IS APRIL 20-26, 1 987 . "If a man walks in the woods for love of them half of each day, he is in danger of being regarded as a loafer; but if he spends his whole day as a speculator shearing off those woods and making the earth bald before her time, he is esteemed an industrious and enter- prising citizen. As if a town had no interest in its forests but to cut them down." The South's Larptsc Producer of Wildrtuwer Seed- WILDSEED C-.ll or Utirr k« h.r l m I6MI0 fvirkrt Spring Suiic Jlh liwsan Tesii 770M 7lV57$-78«X Henry David Thoreau - 1 7 - * U.S. NATIONAL ARBORETUM WILDFLOWER SYMPOSIUM DESIGNING WITH NATIVE PLANTS, A SYMPOSIUM SATURDAY, MARCH 21, 1987 9:30 a.m. to ^:00 p.m. The U.S. National Arboretum and the Friends of the National Arboretum are pleased to announce the presentation of DESIGNING WITH NATIVE PLANTS, A SYMPOSIUM. It will be held Saturday, March 21, from 9:30 a.m. to A:00 p.m. at the Administration Build- ing Auditorium, U.S. National Arboretum, Washington, D.C. The use of native plants in home and commercial landscapes is enjoying increased popularity. Many showy native species are easily adapted to landscape use and pro- duce colorful flowers and fruits throughout the growing season. This one-day sym- posium will examine the many facets of gardening with native plants. Emphasis will be placed on using plants in particular garden situations. Slides will illustrate how to group plants for maximum visual appeal in a variety of garden situations, from formal borders to naturalistic landscapes. Speakers include: Cole Burrell, U.S. National Arboretum; Neil Diboll, Prairie Nursery; Thomas Buchter, New England Wild Flower Society; and Edith Eddleman, North Carolina State University Arboretum. For registration brochures and further information, write to: Designing With Native Plants, U.S. National Arboretum, 3501 New York Avenue, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20002, or call (202) • The deadline for registration is March 1, 1987 - JLJUJUJUJLJUJL JL JL JL GUIDELINES FOR DONATING PLANTS With spring arriving shortly, many organizations will be having wildflower plant sales; and individuals will be sharing and swapping their plants with other wild- flower gardeners. Here are a few guidelines to help improve the chances of their survival : 1) Dig or divide plants when shoots are just emerging — April through the first week in May. 2) Place plants in pots large enough to fit roots without cramming them. 3) Match potting soil mix with conditions needed by plants. Most plants pre- fer soil that retains moisture but drains well. k) Firm soil and water thoroughly. 5) Label with the botanical name or at least the common name. Note the flower color if necessary. 6) Keep plants protected from drying sun and wind. 7) Transplant when the soil is workable, and dig a hole twice the size of the pot . 8) Turn the pot upside down, holding the plant and soil in one hand. With the other hand, tap the sides of the pot with a knife until the plant and soil fal 1 out . 9) Place plant and soil in hole; replace the dug out soil and firm down well. Water thoroughly. (Revised from "To Donate Plants", Newsletter -New England Wild Flower Society, Vol . 2, Spring 1986, p. 2) - 8 - ANOTHER NATIVE WILDFLOWER NURSERY HAS SPROUTED IN TENNESSEE! Sinking GARDENS The Tennessee Native Plant Society is always del ighted to hear about and to announce new nurseries opening to promote the propagation of native plants and wildf lowers. Jim and Hearl Macres, members of TNPS, have just opened a native wildflower nursery in Clinton, TN— SINKING SPRINGS GARDENS. The majority of their plants for sale have been propagated from collected seeds, while others have been purchased from other nurseries. They also have some "foreign" wildflower plants from Australia, Japan, England and West Germany! Since they do not plan to ship, but sell directly from’ their nursery to the public, give them a call at (615) ^57 - l86^ for directions and to let them know when you plan to visit their nursery. (A plant list is being pre- pared) Or, write to: SINKING SPRINGS GARDENS, Route 1, Box 93A, Clinton, TN 37716. We wish Jim and Hearl the very best in their new endeavor and hope that they have a very successful business!! FROM THE BOOKSHELF The Earth Manual: How to Work on Wild Land Without Taming It by Malcolm Margolin. 1975* rev i sed 1 986. 237 pages. The author has drawn on his experiences in the East Bay Regional Park and has created a must for park personnel and school gardeners. Avail- able from Heyday Books, Box 911*5, Berkeley, CA 9^709. $8.95 Plants of the Bible by Michael Zahary, London: Cambridge Univ- ersity Press, 1982. 223 pages. $16.95 The Different Forms of Flowers on Plants of the Same Species by Charles Darwin, 1 888 , repr i nted in 1986. 352 pages. In the new foreward to this work, Herbert Baker claims it is not only a botanical classic but is still, one hundred years later, a major source of correct information on the reproductive biology of plants. Available from the University of Chicago Press, 5801 S. Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637. Wild Orchids of the Middle Atlantic States by Oscar W. Gupton and Fred C. Swope. February, 1987, 132 pages, 52 color photographs. Among the rarest of our wild- flowers, orchids come in an exceptional variety of shapes, sizes, and hues. For easy identification, the fifty-two species featured in this guide are grouped by coloi white, green, yellow, orange, pink, and purple. Gupton and Swope describe the plants in non-technical language and provide an alphabetical list of both com- mon and scientific names of each species. A color-coded index is included and each orchid is illustrated by a superb color photograph taken in the field under natural light. In addition to describing and illustrating the orchids, the authors discuss the threats to their survival. By encouraging people to appreciate these endangered plants in their natural habitat, the authors hope to increase the orchids' chances of survival; to increase our awareness, they have created a memorable portfolio, a lasting tribute to some of nature's most spectacular flora. ($12.50 plus $1.50 for postage and handling fee. Send check and order to: The University of Tennessee Press, P.0. Box 6525, Ithaca, NY 114850. For charge orders on Visa, MasterCard or American Express, include account number, expiration date, and your signature.) TNPS CALENDAR OF EVENTS 1 987 February Ik February 20 thru 22 March 7 l 8 March 21 March 28 March 28 March 28 March 29 April 3 April k April A April k s 5 April 5 April 5 April 10 thru 12 April 10 10:00 a.m. to 3 ; 00 p.m. Central, Tennessee Native Plant Society: WINTER BOARD MEETING AND FEBRUARY SOIREE , Montgomery Bell State Park. Contact: Scott Gunn, 101 Spring St., Ashland City, TN 37015. (615)792-1.1.63 H. (61 5) 7*.2-655 1 w. SOUTHERN PERENNIALS SYMPOSIUM . Callaway Gardens. Reg Istrat ion/ Informat Ion , write to: Dept. WE, Callaway Gardens, Pine Mountain, GA 31822, or call (kOk)663-228l v PLANT 5ALE- THE CHATTANOOGA NATURE CENTER, write: Steve Marshall, Garden Road, Rt. A, Chattanooga, TN 37A09, (615)821-1160. 9:30 a.m. to A:00 p.m. DESIGNING WITH NATIVE PLANTS, A SYMPOSIUM , U.S. National Arboretum, 3501 New York Ave.,N.E., Washington, D.C. 20002, (202 ) A75-A857 . ASSOCIATION OF AMATEUR BOTANISTS ANNUAL MEETING , Chattanooga, TN. Contact J.l. Jones (615)892- 3009. 9:00 a.m. Central, WOODLAND TRAIL HIKE : It's time to hit the trail at Meeman-Shelbyl Join us at the Visitor Center for a fun 3 mile hike In the forest. Please wear trail clothing and com- fortable shoes. We'll be back around 12 noon. Gary McEntlre, Meeman Shelby State Park, Milling- ton, TN 38053-5099; (901)876-5215. 10:00 a.m. Eastern. TVA WIL0FL0WER WALK , an annual spring wlldf lower Field trip on the River Bluff Trail, co-sponsored by the Norris Dam State Park. Meet In the parking lot of Lenoir Museum on Rte. AAl. Contact: Bob Lowrance, Norris Dam State Park, Rt. I, Box 500, Lake City, TN 37769 , (6I5)A26-7A6! or (61 5) A 9 A- 07 1 8. 1:30 p.m. Eastern, TVA WILDFL0WER WALK , Norris Dam State Park. Meet In the parking lot of Lenoir Museum on Rte. AAl. (Same as above) 1:30 p.m. Eastern, NORRIS DAM STATE PARK WILD - FLOWER WALK , led by Lucy Scanlon. Meet at the Lenoir Museum parking lot on Rte. AAl. Contact Bob Lowrance, Norris Dam State Park, Rt. I, Box 500, Lake City, TN 37769, (61 5) A26-7A6 I or (6I5)A9A-07I8. WILDFLOWER PILGRIMAGE -Long Hunter State Park, Davidson and Rutherford Counties, located along the shore of Percy Priest Reservoir. Part of the park's facilities are designed with barrier-free access for the handicapped. Con- tact: Reggie Reeves, Long Hunter State Park, Rt. 3, Mt. Juliet, TN 37122; (615)885-2A22 or (6I5)A59-8I9A. 10:00 a.m. Eastern. NORRIS DAM STATE PARK WILD - FLOWER WALK , led by Lucy Scanlon. Meet at the Lenoir Museum parking lot on Rte. AAl. (Walk may be extended and a bag lunch needed) Contact: Bob Lowrance, Norris Dam State Park, Rt. I, Box 500, Lake City, TN 37769; (6 1 5 ) A26- 7 A6 1 . (615) A9A-07I8. W| LDF LOWER P I LGR I MAGE -Sou t h Cumberland Recrea- tlon Area (Grundy County), Rt.l, Box 1AAH, Tracy City, TN 37387; Randy Hedgepath, (615) 92A-2980. 1:30 p.m. Eastern. NORRIS PAH STATE PARK WILD - FLOWER WALK , led by Lucy Scanlon. Meet at the Lenoir Museum parking lot on Rte. AAl. Contact: Bob Lowrance, Norris Dam State Park, Rt . I, Box 500, Lake City, TN 37769; (615)A26-7A6I , (615) A9A-07I8. 1:00 p.m. Central. SHORT SPRINGS NATURE AREA (PROPOSED), Tullahoma, TN. Contact: Dennis Horn, 222 Crestwood Dr., Tullahoma, TN 37388; (615) A55-57A2 H, (61 5) A 5 A- 7 AA 7 w. 10th ANNUAL WILDFLOWER PILGRIMAGE -Cedars of Lebanon State Park has approximately 8 miles of hiking trails that are easy to moderate In hik- ing difficulty. Many assorted wlldflowers can be seen along these trails starting In the late fall. Cedars Is noted for having a variety of endemics located here along with the more com- mon wlldflowers. Mr. Sandy Suddarth, Cedars of Lebanon State Park, Rt. 6, Box 220, Lebanon, TN 37087; (61 5) AAA-939A ; Sharon Bracey, (6l5)36k- 2222 . 7:30 p.m. Eastern. NATIVE WILDFLOWER SLIDE SHOW Native wlldflowers o? the Cumberland Mountains, as seen through the eyes of Foy Armes of Wart- burg, TN. Meet at the amphitheater; In case of rain, meet at shelter "C". David Engebretson, (615)31*6-3318; Frozen Head State Natural Area, Rt. 2, Box 1302, Wartburg, TN 37887. April 11 April II April II April II l 12 (and thru out April) April 12 April 12 April I A April 1 A- 1 8 April 17 April 18 April 18 April 19 April 22 April 23. 2A and 25 10:00 a.m. WILDFLOWER WALK . Led by Ruth and Phil Ewald of the Great Smoky Mtns. Hiking Club 2:00 p.m. WILDFLOWER WALK , This walk will feature wlldf lower Identification by Tom and Sybil Zava, Assoc, of Amateur Field Botanists and Smoky Mtn. Hiking Club. Meet at picnic shelter "C" for both of these events. Contact: David Engebretson, frozen Head State Natural Area, Rt. 2, Box 1302, Wartburg, TN 37887 ; (615) 3A6-33I8. 10:00 a.m. to 11:00 a.m. Eastern, ANNUAL SPRING - TIME WILDFLOWER WALK , (jams Audubon Nature Ctr., 2?!5 Island Home Avenue, Rnoxvllle, TN. 37920. Contact: Sally Mlrlck (61 5) 577-A71 7. 10:00 a.m. Central. LADYFINGER BLUFF . TVA Small Wild Area, Kentucky Reservoir. Meet at Perry Courthouse In Linden, TN. Contact: Judith Bart- low, TVA Natural Resources Bldg., Norris, TN 37828; (615)632-1592. Beginning of WILDFLOWER P I LGR IMAGE - The Chatta- nooga Nature Center. WILDFLOWER WALKS-2:00 p.m. East ern, each day Sunday thru Saturday, host on site flower walks take approx. 2 hrs. and most are level; handicapped can be driven to most areas. Admission fee $1.50. Contact: Randy Brown, The Chattanooga Nature Ctr., Garden Rd., Rt. 4, Chattanooga , TN 37^09; (615)821-1160. 10:00 a.m. Eastern. WILDFLOWER WALK -Ken Warren, Great Smoky Mtn. Hiking Club, guide through the display of spring wlldflowers. 2:00 p.m. Eastern WILDFLOWER WALK -Wl ldf lower pollination and species life history featured during this walk led by Fred Holtzclaw of Oak Ridge City Schools. Meet at picnic shelter "C" for both events. Contact: David Engebretson, Frozen Head State Natural Area, Rt. 2, Box 1302, Wartburg, TN 37887; ( 6 1 5 ) 3^6- 3 3 1 8 . 2:00 p.m. to 3:00 p.m. Eastern, ANNUAL SPRING - TIME WILDFLOWER WALK, IJams Audubon Nature Ctr., )915 Island Home Ave. , Knoxville, TN 37920. Con- tact: Sally Mlrlck, (61 5) 577-k7l 7 . 11:00 a.m. to 1:00 p.m. Eastern, BROWN BAG IT WITH THE WILDFLOWERS I Contact: Sally Mlrlck, IJams Audubon Nature Ctr., 2915 Island Home Ave., Knoxville, TN 37920, ( 6 1 5 ) 57 7- *• 7 1 7 - WILDFLOWER WEEK at CHEEKW00D Botanical Gardens and Fine Arts Ctr. Activities Include a plant sale of nursery grown wlldflowers, native trees and shrubs; featured speakers, garden tours, field trips and workshops. Admission $2.50 for adults, $1.00 ages 7"17. Contact: CHEEKW00D Botanical Gardens, Forrest Park Dr., Nashville, TN 37205, (615)356-3306. 10:00 a.m. to 12 noon WILDFLOWER WALK AT PORTER'S FLAT. Sponsored by and carpooling available (rev- IJams Audubon Nature Ctr., 2915 Island Home Rd., Knoxville, TN 37920, Sally Mlrlck. (615)577-^717. STANDING STONE STATE PARK WILDFLOWER WALK This park contains trails leading into vast primitive woodlands. Located only 5 miles from popular Dale Hollow Lake. Contact: Candy Swan, Standing Stone State Park, St. Hwy . 52, Llvincjston, TN 38570, (615)823-63^7. 10:00 a.m. Eastern. WILDFLQWFR WALK -This wild- flower walk led by Dr. Aaron Sharp, Prof. o f Botany, U.T. Meet at picnic shelter "C". 2:00 p.m. Eastern, WILDFLOWER WALK -Also led by Dr. Sharp. Meet at picnic she I ter "C". Contact: David Engebretson, Frozen Head State Natural Area, Rt. 2, Box 1302, Wartburg, TN 3788?;(6I5) 3^6-3318. 2:00 p.m. Eastern, WILDFLOWER WALK -Wi ldf 1 o^er families, classification and history will srark curiosity and Interest during this walk led by Bobby Fulcher, Regional Naturalist o f the TN. Dept, of Conservation. Meet at picnic shelter "C". Contact: David Engebretson, Frozen Head St. Natural Area, Rt. 2, Box 1302, Wartburg, TN 37887. (615)3^6-3318. 10:00 a.m. to k : 00 p.m. Eastern, KNQXV I LLE GARDEN CLUB WILDFLOWER ANT PERENNIAL SALE .Se- quoya Hills-Talah! Tark, will be selling annuals, perennials, wlldflowers, shrubs, crafts and ga r - denlng accessories. Contact Nancy Gills, (615) 58k-35k3. 37TH ANNUAL WILDFLOWER PILGRIMAGE . Gatllnburg, IN. Contact Ed Clebsch, Rt. 1, Bo* kg/*, Green- back. TN 377k2. (615)856-3350. (615)97^-6209- April 2 Chrck VISA Masrcrcird Gard No Eip Date Botanical Poster unframed <26 x 38~l Framed in black met al Tai (NY State onlvi Shi p p ing 8c Handling $20 00 $100 00 $ 500 Total Maki check » fmybU n The Sew Tori Hvtonc*i Saner, FREE full color ! Wildflower Catalog! Y ulley Cicek features 7 different wildtlower mixes and 30 individual ■ species in oui nesx lull I color catalog — mixes | are 1003, pure wildflower , seed, guaranteed to give 1 an explosion ot color to I any landscape Specially I suited to your geographic • location We guarantee satisfaction 1 I For your iree catalog call I Toll Tree I 800 992 7396 (m Oh, ot I 800 992 7397 Valley Creek • PO Box 475 • Circle Dr I McArthur Ohio 45651 L n i i i i i i i i i i i i i l i i i i i J Plants For SHADY GARDENS our specialty! • ood'oncl VU'ilcJDowf'S one HCi'.O Jtn- D«». *.TO'fO one »p* * MAOy ou»e‘ tw»»(i-tcv»:n 5 sna 2 * lOffrjtn: tW'fJ) Cj»:a :>C 1 1 or — C ,*0«rc or *.• vr evo- Sfiady Oafo Nursery 700 f 1 Qt* a . e m { u. asrr? M‘. t - 13 - < WILDFLOWERS! Color catalog of seeds/plants — $1.00. PASSIFLORA, Box 99. German- town, NC 27019 HARDY NATIVE WILDFLOWERS £ FERNS, aquatic and bog plants. All mature plants and ready for your garden. Send $1.00 for catalog. Oak Ridge Nurseries, P.0. Box 182, East Kingston, NH 03827. (603) 6^2-8227 WILDFL0WER SEED CATALOG. Send 50c for new illustrat- ed copy. Facts, folklore £ culture. MIDWEST WILDFLOWERS, Box 6*»H, Rockton, IL 61072 GARDENS Route 1 Box 93A Clinton, TN 37716 Phone (615) 457-1864 Jim & Mearl Macres We are NEW on the scene. Just decided to open for business last Summer. Bought our license, had our nursery inspected and approved by the State, and are now ready to offer you a wide selection of native wlldflower plants; plus some from as far away as Australia, Japan, England, and West Germany. We do not plan to ship. We would rather let you come to our nursery and hand pick the plants that you want Please give us a call for directions, and to let us know when to expect you. SINKING SPRINGS GARDENS, Route 1 Box 93A, Clinton, TN 37716. Phone (615) k57-l86A WILDFL0WER SEEDS FOR SPRING- SUMMER CATALOG. Mixes avail- able for Northeastern, South- eastern, Midwestern, Pacific N.W., Southwest and Mountain. Plus over 30 individual seed selections. Write for free catalog. E £ H PRODUCTS, 71301 Hwy . Ill, Suite I , Dept. H, Rancho Mirage, CA 92270 SOUTHEASTERN WILDFLOWERS for the garden and naturalizing. All top-quality nursery- propagated plants. Catalog $1.00. NICHE GARDENS, Dept. H, Rt. 1, Box 290, Chapel Hill, NC 2751 ^ COMPANION PLANTS offers over 350 live plants and 7^ vari- eties of easily grown seeds. Send $1.50 for catalog to: Rt. 6, Box 88, Athens, OH **5701 LDFLOMFKS~J Ferns. Herbs. Perennials, Many varieties of plants, mon- ey-saving collections plus wild- flower and herb seeds Send S 1 . today tor catalog PITNLV NTRStKY. INI. Box H-71, Putney, Vl 05346 you need SASE for PLANTS AND SEEDS of your favorite TENNESSEE WILDFLOWERS. Our stock is 100? nursery pro- pagated. Most of our stock is grown in containers which assures your success at almost any season of the year. We have selections for most garden conditions from woodland to meadows and our catalogue In- cludes all the information you need to help you choose the best plants for your situ- ation. We also have design, consultation and landscaping services available should help with small or large projects. Send a Informative catalogue to: NATIVE GARDENS, Rt. 1, Box A9 if, Greenback, TN 377^2. Home Grown Wildflowers. Traditional Garden Perennials. Large selection of plants and seed available. Quality guaranteed. Cata- log $1.00, refundable with order. NATURAL GARDENS, 113 Jasper Lane, Oak Ridge, TN 37830. Wildflowers of Eastern North Amer ica--Fros t to Frost for all wildflower gardeners, rich or poor soil, shady or sunny conditions, natural areas or established gardens. We have a carefully chosen selection of wild- flowers native to the Southeast. For our descriptive 28-page catalogue, send $1.00 (refundable with first order) to: SUNLIGHT GARDENS, Inc., Rt . 3, Box 286-T, Loudon, TN 3777**. We also offer complete landscaping services using native plants. Phone (615)986-6071. Volume 10, Number 1 February 1987 uj s>jaaM x i s ssajppe uj AijisjSAiun 341 ‘Aue^og ‘aunp *l|-i d\/ ‘Ajeruqaj) - , 00*1$ 33 aiqeueAe sanssj >pe a * 3 D,ueA P e SDueqo io sn Aj.qou 3?ea[ d *001 l~ 966 Z£ N 1 ‘suiaxou* ‘aassanub. , 0 . }uaiu3 jedag 343 43 jM uo j qe j aoss e uj (jaquiaoag pue ‘jaqoioo 4 3sn6nw. Ai4^uouj|q paqsnqnd S| ja 55 8|SMa N A 5 apo S 3ue ld aApe N aassauub-j; aq^ m $$|Dijqe d ujoj. jo^ipg bupnqj juioq >t3znj -i >|je W d 3 1 4 3 - u | - jo} 1 p^ paisanbay uox^oajjo^ ssajppy OOU-966XC 33SS3NIN3X -3-niAXOS'V 33SS3NN3X 30 AJ.ISU3AINn 3 H 1 itOtnn»d3a an vioG A13I3DS INVId 1VN 33SS3NN31 RARE AND IK USUAL PLANTS OF TENNESSEE N°. 6 Tom Patrick Ilex longipes Chapman Long-stalked Deciduous Holly, Ninterberrv Found in Tennessee mostly in the southern tier from the Cumberland Plateau well onto the Highland Rim, this lank deciduous shrub prefers dryish woods over limestone and is often with a wild raisin (Viburnum bracteatum) and a native privet (Forestiera ligustrina) . Long-stalked Deciduous Holly is distinguished by its bright red fruits on thin, inch-long stalks. Tennessee has six native hollies. One is the evergreen tree, American Holly ( Ilex opaca ) . Another is a streamside deciduous shrub with deep green, veiny leaves known as "black alder” (!_• verticillata) . Four others are also deciduous shrubs, but their leaves are more delicate and fruits tend to be clustered. Two have narrowed leaf bases, Common Winter- berry or Possum Haw (K decidua l and Long- stalked Winterberry (I_. longipes ) . The two remaining hollies have leaves with rounded bases and sharper teeth, Mountain Winter- berry (I. montana ) and Beadle Holly (I_. beadleiT with wider, softly hairy leaves. Several TNPS members observed Long-stalked Holly on our many trips into Turkey Creek, FRANKLIN CO. The species is infrequent; its persistent red fruits are attractive. TENNESSEE NATIVE PLANT SOCIETY NEWSLETTER The Tennessee Native Plant Society was founded in 1978 as a botanical club for all persons interested in the native flora of Tennessee. Its purpose is to promote interest in plant identification, folklore, grow- ing native plants from seeds and cuttings, landscaping with native plants, preserving natural areas and protecting rare plants. Volume 10, Number 2 April 1987 MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT Once when I was studying Dennis Horn at a TNPS gathering, I noted a remark he made and I have never forgotten it. Waxing philosophical, he said that the TNPS was long on botany and short on organization. I wholly concurred, especially on the "short" part. At that particular time, I had been asked to fill the remainder of President Larry Smith's term, but I had yet to assume the post. "If I become TNPS President ", I thought. I had visions of reform. However, I soon came to experience that gulf that sometimes exists between theory and practice. So much for the visions of reform. Now that I am about nine months into my term as President, I have found that I have grown accustomed to the leisurely pace. Actually, I was not converted, I just remained true to character. I am a botanist by training, by profession and by nature. And a botanist cannot properly enjoy and appreciate the world of liv- ing things at 95 miles per hour. I have said all that to say this: if your news- letter is a little late, please accept my apologies. I, along with Mr. Bulk Rate Mail, will take responsibility. But we are getting better all the time. In a few other quick notes, I want to thank everyone who came out for the February board meeting/slide sharing at Montgomery Bell. Twenty some odd members were present, the meeting was extremely productive, and we all had alot of fun. We should do it again! Please keep in mind our field trips that are beginning. There is a whole new season of plants out there. Participate when and where you can. Also, re- member, this year's 37th Annual Wildflower Pilgrimage in Gatl inburg is scheduled for April 23rd, 24th and 25th. The TNPS will have a booth (as we have had for the past several years) and we will be needing some more volunteers to help out here and there. Contact an officer if you will be able to help. We may be call- ing on you to assist in this one very important event for TNPS. Finally, don't forget the annual meeting for spring. Make your plans to be at Pickett State Park this June 5 - 7. We will begin on Friday night and leave for home on Sunday sometime. The cost for two night's lodging and four meals (two breakfasts and two lunches) will be $18.50 per person. Lodging is $4.50 per night, each breakfast is $2.25 and each lunch is $2.50. Supper on Friday and Saturday nights will be on your own. You can bring your own or dine at the area 2 eateries (and there are some good ones). We will be staying In the group camp at Pickett, so remember to bring your sleeping bag or your own linens, etc. If you need more information, contact me at home (615)792-4463 or at work (615)742-6551. To get there, take U.S. 127 north from Crossville to Jamestown; then just north of Jamestown, take State Route 154 northeast to the park. If you will be staying only one night or eating only some of the meals, we can amend your fee accordingly. This promises to be an exceptional spring meeting. The flora should be just right for that time in that part of the state. We will see you there. Now, while my newborns are sleeping, I intend to go outside and, at a leisure- ly pace, enjoy and appreciate spring that has just come to my yard. I encourage you to do the same. — Scott C. Gunn Editor's Note : Notice anything different about the front page? I have just been toying around with a new design. Actually, I like the previous design better; but like anything new or different, it takes time to get accustomed to it. Any comments from our readers? This is the busiest time of year for events. Some new and some repeated ones are included in this newsletter. Please refer to the "Calendar of Events" and "Field Trip Schedule" in the February issue for other events. (if you need a copy of either, send your request to my attention and a SASE.) Have a fun-filled Spring with the wildflowers! I cannot emphasize enough the need for materials to get to me before the deadline. However, I realize there will be occasions when reasons beyond anyone's control will cause a delay. Just let me know. And, although I am diligently working to get this newsletter out in a timely fashion, my typewriter decided not to cooperate and had to go to the "typewriter hospital" for some minor surgery! You will find the names, addresses and telephone numbers of our current Officers and Board of Directors on the back page. Please address any problems, ideas, sug- gestions or comments to the appropriate representatives. As Editor-in-Chief, I am responsible for such issues as materials for the News 1 etter , poorly printed or mutilated newsletters, failure to receive a newsletter, back issues, etc. Occa- sionally I get calls or letters pertaining to issues out of my scope of responsibil- ity, expertise or ability to handle. When in doubt, please contact Scott Gunn. DEADLINE FOR MATERIALS FOR THE JUNE ISSUE IS NO LATER THAN MAY 10, 1987 ! Please send contributions to: Mark L. Fuzek, TNPS Editor-in-Chief, P.0. Box 525, Knox- ville, TN 37901. Permission is hereby granted to reprint material contained within this Newsletter , provided proper credit is given to the author/ed i tor and to the Tennessee Native Plant Society, Department of Botany, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-1100. - 3 - 37th ANNUAL SPRING WILDFLOWER PILGRIMAGE GATUNGBURG, TENNESSEE April 24, 25 S 26, 1987 The Spring Wildf lower Pilgrimage is a three-day program of conducted wild- flower walks, motorcades and photographic tours in the Great Smoky Mountains Nat- ional Park, sponsored by the Botany Department of The University of Tennessee, The Gatl inburg Garden Club, the Southern Appalachian Botanical Club and the Great Smoky Mountains National Park, with the assistance of the Gatl inburg Chamber of Commerce. Registration is at the Gatl inburg Auditorium, Thursday and Friday, 7:30 a.m. to 1:00 p.m. and 6:00 p.m. to 7:45 p.m. and Saturday 7:30 a.m. to 11:00 a.m. The registration fee is $5.00 per day for adults and $3.00 per day for high school and college students. There is no advance registration. For group information, write Mrs. Lorraine Hendricks, Route 5, Bluff Mtn. Tower Road, Sevierville, TN 37862 or call (615)453-9344. Exhibits in the Gatl inburg Auditorium are open from 7:30 a.m. to 10:00 p.m. on Thursday and Friday and 7:30 a.m. until noon on Saturday. For additional Pilgrimage information, write Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Gatl inburg, TN 37738. If you wish a Gatl inburg Accommodations Directory dial (toll-free, except in TN) 1-800-251-9868. In TN call (615)436-4178 or write Dept. W.P., Box 527, Gatl inburg, TN 37738. * * MEADOW LANDSCAPE SYMPOSIUM AND MEADOW TOUR May 30 & 31 , 1987 Converting your backyard or an open space and park into a field of natural grasses interspersed with seasonal wildf lowers such as black-eyed Susans, Queen Anne's lace, and asters is the subject of a symposium, Meadow Landscapes : The Aesthetics and Management of Open Space , to be held Saturday, May 30 at the Nat- ional Wildlife Federation Auditorium, 8925 Leesburg Pike, Vienna, VA. A meadow tour will be held on Sunday, May 31. Meadow gardening is a recent phenomenon in home gardens, roadsides, and park- lands, offering a pleasing combination of grasses and flowers for every season, with less dependence on laborious and costly activities such as mowing, fertiliz- ing, pruning, and seasonal transplanting. Sponsored by the Audubon Naturalist Society, the National Wildlife Federation, and the National Arboretum, the symposium opens at 9:30 a.m. with lectures on The Meadow Ecosystem, by Darrell Morrison, Dean of the School of Environmental Design at the University of Georgia; and The Aesthetics of Meadow Landscapes, by Armi stead Browning, Jr., Landscape Architect at Turtle Creek Design in Pennsylvania. After- noon sessions from 1:00 p.m. to 4:30 p.m. concern the planting and care of backyard meadows, methods of managing open space meadows, the role of meadows as a landscap- ing alternative to lawns and rigid formal gardens. Moderators at the afternoon sessions will encourage audience participation. A tour of three local meadow pro- jects will be conducted Sunday, May 31, from 10:00 a.m. to 2:00 p.m. Landscape architects, backyard citizens, park and open space maintainers, ur- ban tree supporters, members of garden clubs, and students and professors of ecol- ogy and conservation are all invited to attend. Registration fee is $20.00 and a box lunch is $7.00, or you can bring your own. For further information, contact: Cole Burrel , (202)475-4855 or (202)475-4852. - ft - MAY TNPS FIELD TRIPS BUCKSNORT LIMESTONE CLIFFS DATE: Saturday, May 2, 1987 TIME: 10:00 a.m. Central Time PLACE: Meet in the restaurant next to the Bucksnort Motel (coming from Memphis, get off at Bucksnort Exit, turn left and go under I -40 , then turn right, through a gas station lot). Bucksnort Exit on t-ftO is the 3rd exit east of the Tennessee River, Hickman Co. LEADER: Vernon Bates, 3228 S. Mendenhall, Apt. 3, Memphis, TN 38115; (901) 365-9015 (H). The spring flora is unbeatable — both in diversity and abundance: shooting star, columbine, fire pink, Jacob's ladder, purple delphiniums, foamflower, sweet shrub, leather wood, three kinds of trilliums, windflower, wild ginger, pachysandra, false rue anemone, bluebells, squawroot, Dutchman's breeches, wood vetch, alum root, and early saxifrage to name a few! This will be a very easy, short walk. NO collecting please! You will be sorry if you forget to bring your camera. BY0B for a picnic lunch. This is a joint trip with the Memphis Wildflower Society. SYNANDRA H ISP I PULA HIKE, JACKSON AND OVERTON COUNTIES DATE: Saturday, May 16, 1987 TIME: 9:30 a.m. Central Time PLACE: Meet in the parking lot of Days Inn in Cookeville, TN., at the inter- section of 1-ftO and Highway 111. Leave 1-ftO at Exit 288. The Days Inn is in the southeast quadrant of the intersection. LEADERS: B.F. and Jean Jones, Route 13 Box 359, Cookeville, TN 38501; (615) 372-3332 (W), or (615)526-6518. Roaring River Valley, which lies primarily in Jackson County, is one of the most beautiful sites in Tennessee, and it affords a rich habitat for wildflowers through- out the season. We plan to take an easy walk on the road through the length of the valley — a distance of 5 miles — with bluffs to our left and the river to our right. We should see Valerian ( Valeriana paucefolia ), Virginia Waterleaf ( Hydrophy 1 1 urn v? rginianum ) , Purple Rocket ( lodanthus p i nnat ? f idus ) and Synandra ( Synandra hispidu- 1 a) I Bring a sack lunch and water. WELCOME TO OUR NEW MEMBERS Caer-Myrdd i n , Morgan; Memphis, TN Cloak, Connie; Nashville, TN Dale, Virginia; Oak Ridge, TN Derrick, Janet; Crossville, TN Evans, Inger; Nashville, TN Harness, Victor R. ; Nashville, TN Heilman, Mrs. Annie; Clarksville, TN Mann, Nathaniel; Nashville, TN Rozier, Tom; Nashville, TN Schnabel, R.T.; Knoxville, TN Vietor, Jean; Fairfield Glade, TN ENDANGERED SPECIES ACT NEEDS YOUR SUPPORT Last October (1986), Congress adjourned without resolving the conflicts block- ing passage of the Endangered Species Act. The House passed the bill, but it was held up by two Senators. Senator Simpson wanted an amendment to continue to allow sport hunting of the threatened grizzly bears in Montana, and Senator Heflin feared one or more species of turtles proposed for listing would impede coal mining or other activities in Alabama. The Endangered Species Act will soon be re-submitted to Congress for renewal this year. TNPS members can help support the passage and strengthening of these laws — especially for endangered plants, by writing or calling our Tennessee U.S. Senators and U.S. Representative, letting them know you support a strong Endangered Species Act. U.S. Representative John J. Duncan Rayburn House Office Bldg., Suite 2458 Washington, DC 20515 Senator Albert Gore, Jr. (202)225*5435 Senator James Sasser 1131 Longsworth Bldg. 298 Senate Office Bldg. Washington, DC 20515 Washington, DC 20515 (202)225-^231 (202)224-3344 The most pressing need is for more resources by raising the "ceiling" on fund- ing. At the present funding levels, the Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) would need more than 20 years to process the backlog of 1,000 or more known "candidates" for listing, most of which are plants. Many have already drastically declined or actu- ally have become extinct while awaiting official protection! Merely listing, however, does not guarantee survival. Effective protection re- quires fencing remnant plant communities, removal or extermination of wild animals that eat or uproot the native plants and removal of invading plants from small, se- lected areas under intensive management. Many states developed worthy and much needed conservation projects which could not be carried out because of lack of federal funds. As a result, some states have lost incentive to develop the programs the Act was designed to encourage. For pro- grams beyond our borders, the funding crunch is even more bleak. Trained and tech- nical assistance for foreign conservation agencies to further worldwide protection of endangered species are severely limited, despite the significant number of spec- ies at risk and the practical costs of their loss to medicine, agriculture and in- dustry. Amendments to Strengthen the Act for Plants 1) Listed plants receive the same protection as listed animals, with one key exemption. Whereas the Act broadly prohibits the "taking" of any endangered animal, only a very narrow prohibition applies to plants: listed plants occur- i ng on federal lands are protected only from collecting. That means vandals can cut, uproot or otherwise destroy endangered plants on federal lands without violating the Act. On private and other non-federal lands, the Act does no- thing to prevent vandals, collectors and others from destroying or collecting imperiled plant species. Many listed or candidate plants have been seriously reduced through overcollecting. For example, in 1986, the population of the green pitcher plant and small whorled pogonia were decimated. Vandalism direct- ed against endangered plants is also a problem for certain species; such as, the Virginia round-leaf birch tree. Conservationists will seek an amendment to outlaw collecting from non-federal lands in violation of and underlying state - 6 - 2) The Endangered Species Act implements the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES), which requires permits for international trade in orchids, cacti, American ginseng, and other types of plants. The Department of Agriculture's Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) enforces the import and export restrictions of the Act and CITES. Despite the ample evidence that plant dealers are violating CITES, APHIS has prosecuted only one alleged violator of CITES since 1975. No one has been prosecuted for violating the Act. APHIS has only once imposed admin- istrative penalties. Conservationists propose to amend the Endangered Species Act to give the Fish and Wildlife Service joint responsibilities for enforcing plant imports and exports. This change will greatly improve enforcement of trade controls to protect rare plants. (Condensed from "Endangered Species Act Reauthorization" by Dr. Faith T. Campbell, in The National Council of State Garden Glubs, Inc., Operation Wildflower Newsletter , March, 1987, Vol. 7, No. 2, pages 5-6.) For further information, write directly to: Dr. Faith T. Campbell, Natural Resources Defense Council, Inc., 1350 New York Avenue, N.W., Suite 300, Washington, DC 20005* ******* 1987 CALENDAR OF EVENTS (Please refer to the February 1987 TNPS Newsletter for a more comprehensive schedule of events and field trips.) April 5 April 10, 11 S 12 April 11 SHORT SPRINGS NATURE AREA (PROPOSED) . TNPS Field Trip. Details in February Newsletter . For further information, contact: Dennis Horn, 222 Crestwood Drive, Tullahoma, TN 37388; (615)455-5742 (H) or (615) 454-7447 (W). MEMPHIS BOTANIC GARDEN 1987 ANNUAL PLANT SALE . (Preview party April 9, 5:30 p.m. to 7:30 p.m.) Largest nursery stock in their history! Twice that of last year featuring Native Plants, as well as House Plants, Bedding and Vegetable Plants, Perennials, Wildflowers, Ground Covers, Trees and Shrubs, but lots more than before! Be sure to visit our Plant Advice Booth staffed by well-known local nurserymen. For furth- er information, contact the Memphis Botanic Garden, 750 Cherry Road, Memphis, TN 38117-4699, (901)685-1566. EIGHTH ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION WORKSHOP— "Us ing Nature's Class- room 1 1 at Warriors' Path State Park. This will be a day packed with environmental experiences, planned especially for area educators, youth leaders, and others who work with young people. Lecturing is kept to a minimum, with hands-on, practical learning exercises emphasized. The morning session (Session "A", 9:00 a.m. to 12:00 noon) will focus on activities most appropriate to school situations. The afternoon session (Session "B", 1:00 p.m. to 4:00 p.m.) will deal with education at more natural environments. The workshop is free and open to all interested persons; however, enrollment is limited. Pre-registration by calling the park at (615)239-8531, or by writing the park at P.0. Box 5026, Kingsport, TN 37663. for additonal information, contact Park Natural- ist Marty Silver. (Note: Participants in Session "B" should expect to get muddy at the creek. Wear old sneakers and jeans, or clothing suit- able for the outdoors regardless of the weather.) April 23, 24 & 25 37th ANNUAL WILDFLOWER PILGRIMAGE , Gatl inburg, TN. Newsletter. Deta i 1 s in this - 7 - April 24, 25 WARRIORS' PATH STATE PARK SPRING FESTIVAL , Kingsport, TN. You can S 26 participate in seminars taught by professionals, and walks led by trained naturalists. Among topics to be shared are bird life, spring botany, wildlife signs, geology, outdoor photography, stream life and astronomy. Guest leaders include a staff from four local universities and five regional nature centers. For further information and sched- ule of events, contact Park Naturalist Marty Silvers, Warriors' Path State Park, P.0. Box 5026, Kingsport, TN 37663, or call (615)239-8531. May 1, 2 & 3 REELF00T SPRING FESTIVAL . Events planned are a wildf lower walk, a swamp tromp to the Heron rookery, a trip to the Eagle hacking plat- forms, birdwalks, reptile awareness program, earthquake program, aquatic programs, a night hike and pontoon boat cruises on the lake. Please bring proper clothing and waders or old shoes. Reelfoot is a natural wetland with a great diversity of plant and wildlife; and it is well known for its great number of snakes — so you will probably meet some on the trips. The land is very flat, and some of the trips will involve wading through the swamp (knee or hip waders), others will be "dry" trips. Rooms at the Airport Inn are reserved for parti- cipants in the festival, and they also have two campgrounds at Reel- foot operated by the state parks. For more information, contact: David Haggard, Reelfoot Lake State Park, Route #1 Box 296, Tiptonville, TN 38079, C 901)253-7756. May 2 BUCKSNORT LIMESTONE CLIFFS , Hickman County. TNPS Field Trip with the Memphis Wildflower Society. Details in this Newsletter . May 2 & 3 THE UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSEE ABORETUM SOC I ETY 1 987 ANNUAL PLANT SALE , 90l Kerr Hollow Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, (61 5)483-3571 . The 1987 Featured Plants are Viburnums. Three of the new cultivars will be available: Viburnum pi icatum ' Newport ' , Viburnum x ' Eskimo ' and Viburnum x ' Shasta ' . Other plants for sale include: Native Trees, Dwarf Conifers, Hollies, Classic Favorites, 8 New Introductions, Jap anese Collection, Ferns, Tropicals, Ground Covers, Rhodadendrons and Azaleas, Perennials, and Wildflowers. All proceeds from the Plant Sale are used for programs of public benefit. For a detailed broch- ure of the plant sale and additional information on membership, send a long, self-addressed, stamped (22c) envelope to the U.T. Arboretum Society, P.0. Box 3582, Oak Ridge, TN 37830. May 1 6 May 30 S 31 July 23-25 SYNANDRA H ISP I PULA HIKE , Jackson and Overton Counties. TNPS Field Trip. Details in this Newsletter . MEADOW LANDSCAPES: THE .AESTHETICS AND MANAGEMENT OF OPEN SPACE SYM- POSIUM at the National Wildlife Federation Auditorium, 8925 Leesburg Pike, Vienna, V A 20002, 9:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. Meadow Tour of three local meadow projects on Monday, May 31, 10:00 a.m. to 2:00 p.m. For further information, contact Cole Burrell at (202)475-4855 or (202) 475-4852. THE CONFERENCE ON LANDSCAPING WITH NATIVE PLANTS AT CULLOWHEE. More details in the June Newsletter; however, requests for information and registration can be obtained by writing to: Dr. Jim Horton, Divi- sion of Continuing Education, Western Carolina University, Cullowhee, NC 28723. 4. JL JL A. Ju .U J. 4\ i\ t\ 4\ /* /* "Our life would stagnate if it were not for the unexplored forests and meadows which surround it. We need the tonic of wilderness. We can never have enough of it." — Henry David Thoreau - 8 - EDUCATIONAL CLASSES, COURSES, AND WORKSHOPS WtLDFLOWER IDENTIFICATION COURSE The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Department of Non-Credit Programs is offering a course entitled "Wildflower Identification". It is designed to give the participant the mechanics of identifying and recognizing wildflowers. Concentration will be on the East Tennessee area. The course will cov- er the plant parts, where to look for wildflowers, and how to care for wildflowers. A 10X hand lens should be brought to the first class meeting. Two one-day field trips will be conducted on weekends. The textbook used for this course is a Gu i de To Spring and Early Summer Flora . Dr. A.J. Sharp, Ph.D., Professor Emeritus, Dept, of Botany, UTK, will be the instructor. The fee is $45, and the class will meet on Tuesdays, beginning April 7 for six weeks from 7:00 p.m. to 9:00 p.m. in the Hesler Biology Building, Room 2 1 8 . (Course #873041) For further information, call (615)974- 6688, or write to: Non-Credit Programs, University of Tennessee, 2016 Lake Avenue, Knoxville, TN 37996-3515. SMOKY MOUNTAIN FIELD SCHOOL 1987 . The Great Smoky Mountains National Park, in cooper- ation with The University of Tennessee Division of Continuing Education, invites you to participate in its Smoky Mountain School. The School consists of intensive week- end and five-day courses emphasizing outdoor exploration of the Smoky Mountains, com- plemented by classroom activites. All courses are limited to small numbers to assure individualized attention. March 7 March 28-29 April 4 May 2 May 2-3 May 30 June 6 June 20-21 June 27 June 27 July 18-19 August 1-2 August 1-2 August 16 September 19 October 31" November 1 November 14 Winter Field Biology Mt. LeConte Hike and Overnight Lodge Spring Wild Edibles Botanical Photography Mt. LeConte Hike and Overnight Lodge Spring Wi Id Edibles Forests and Trees of the Smokies Identification of Ferns Wildflowers of Roan Mountain Gregory Bald Azalea Hike Mosses and Related Plants Mushroom Identification Society and Nature Summer Wildflowers of the Great Smoky Mountains National Park Forests and Trees in the Smokies Mt. LeConte Hike and Overnight Lodge Winter Field Botany For other courses and more information, call (615)974-6688, or send your name, ad- dress, and telephone number to the Smoky Mountain Field School, Non-Credit Programs, 2016 Lake Avenue, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-3515, and ask them to send a brochure/reg istrat ion form to you. (Courses may be registered for by tele- phone and charged to MasterCard or Visa.) CHATTANOOGA NATURE CENTER CLASSES April 12 HERBAL TEA , 12:30 p.m. to 3:00 p.m. Tasting of wild edible plants. $5.00 fee (includes meal and admission). April 13 April 16 - 9 - WILDFLOWER IDENTIFICATION CLASS . 7:00 p.m. Steve Marsha 1 1 , Instructor. $5.00 fee. LANDSCAPING EDIBLES FOR WILDLIFE AND MAN . 7:00 p.m. Linda Harris and Paula Hobgood, Instructors. $5*00 fee. May 2-3 WILDFLOWER FOLKLORE . Beth Caldwell, Instructor. $5-00 fee. May 9-10 WILDFLOWER IDENTIFICATION . Steve Marshall, Instructor. $5.00 fee. May 16-17 FERN IDENTIFICATION . Randy Brown, Instructor. $5.00 fee. May 30-31 TREE IDENTIFICATION . Linda Cartwright, Instructor. $5.00 fee. For further information, contact The Chattanooga Nature Center, 400 Garden Road, Chattanooga, TN 37409, (615)821-1160. MOUNTAINEER photo-adventures 1987 SPRING WORKSHOP SCHEDULE . Anyone who enjoys photo- graphy and respects nature, and wants to experience nature close-up in the Tennessee mountains, will enjoy and benefit from a photo-adventure. Extensive knowledge of the best areas for photography in Appalachia is provided. ^ Spring Wildflowers Mountain Meadow (Campers Only) Virgin Forest in Transition Peaks, Balds S Ridges Wildlife S Nature Workshop with Mike Boyatt April 25 S 26 May 2 & 3 May 30 S 31 June 13 & 14 June 20 & 21 Custom tours for groups or individuals can be arranged at any time — Anything from a one-day motor tour of the mountains, to extended backpacking trips deep into the hills. TNPS members might consider a photo-adventure sometime. For additional in- formation, write to: David Smiley, Mountaineer photo-adventures, Route 1 Box 108, Vonore, TN 37885, or call (615)295-2181. April 5 April 7 May 5 May 31 MEMPHIS BOTANIC GARDEN SPRING 1987 HORTICULTURE SHORT COURSES WILD FLOWER SOCIETY'S OPEN GARDEN . Come and take a leisurely stroll through the cool and beautiful Wild Flower Garden at the Memphis Botanic Garden. Members of the Wild Flower Society will be stationed in the garden to identify plants, answer questions and lead informal tours from 1:00 p.m. to 5:00 p.m. FREE WHAT'S NEW IN COLOR FOR 1987 . This s 1 i de- i 1 1 ust rated program will reveal the best colorful annuals, perennials, and herbs of the 1987 All-American Trial Garden. Their cultural requirements will also be covered. Dr. Doug Crater, head of the Ornamental Horticultural and Landscape Depart- ment at the University of Tennessee, will be making this presentation. This program will be co-sponsored by the Memphis Horticultural Society and the Memphis Botanic Garden Foundation. 7:30 p.m. FREE PLANT EXPLORATION AND PLANT INTRODUCTION . Dr. J.C. Raulston, Professor of Horticulture at North Carolina State University, will share his 25 years of experience from plant explorations around the world. The highlight of the s 1 ide- i 1 1 ustrated program will be his experience as the first plant explorer on a remote island in the Yellow Sea near Korea. Dr. Raulston is considered to be one of the best horticultural speakers in the country. This program is being co-sponsored by the Memphis Botanic Garden Foundation. 7:30 p.m. FREE HERBS OF COLONIAL AMERICA . Mary Peddle will discuss herbs grown during the Colonial Period and their use in the kitchen and in the landscape. Mrs. Peddie is the owner of Rutland of Kentucky, a large wholesale and retail herb nursery. She helped to establish the International Herb Growers and Marketing Association. This program is being co-sponsored by the Memphis Herb Society and the Memphis Botanic Garden Foundation. 2:30 p.m. to 4:00 p.m. FREE 1 - 10 - For further information and pre-registration, write to the Memphis Botanic Garden, 750 Cherry Road, Memphis, TN 38117 _ 4699, or call (901)685-1566. otpourri JC PENNEY IS PROMOTING SPRING WILDFLOWERS! This Spring, JC Penney is focusing on an entire Wildflower Collection of little girls' pretty, flower-embroidered dresses! Lovely photographs of children iai/c'.*- wearing the dresses in a garden-like setting will be accompanied by a specially designed folder containing a story on "Operation Wildflower", a Spring fashion story and a story about growing wildflower seeds. Also included is a packet of wildflower seeds donated by the Applewood Seed Company of Colorado. Press kits with publicity photos and information will be distributed in quantities to JC Penney publicists across the country for their media and to several hundred independent newspapers. Through a public relations service, they will be distributed to another 4500 newspapers with a 75 million combined reader- ship! Information will also be sent to the top women's magazines. In stores, sign toppers using one of the cute photos will be attached to the dress rack. This coordi- nated effort of the National Council of State Garden Clubs, Inc., JC Penney and the Applewood Seed Company surely will be a winning campaign to draw attention to the "Operation Wildflower" project, which will receive a small royalty from the sale of each dress. (Condensed from "Spring Wildflower Promotion from JC Penney" by Madeline H. Guyon, Children's Merchandise Publicity Coordinator; National Council of State Garden Clubs, Inc., Operation Wildflower Newsletter , Vol . 7 No. 1, January 1987, p. 5) NOTICE TO WILDFLOWER GARDENERS AND NURSERY OWNERS . The Kentucky Native Plant Society is compiling a registry of wildflower gardeners and nursery owners, so that collect- ions can be exchanged and stored in seed banks, etc. They would like for you to send them the following information: -Name, address, county, and telephone number -Type of wildflower garden or nursery (size, greenhouses, etc.) -Special groups of plants that you deal with -Method of obtaining plants; i.e. seeds gathered in the wild or purchased, rootstocks gathered in the wild, etc. -Recommendations of nurseries, garden centers or catalogues that sell wildflower seeds or plants -Recommendations of good books on wildflower cultivation -Any other comments Please send this information to: Patricia Haragan, Department of Agronomy, Agricultur- al Science Building-North, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0091. NEW TREE FOUND . Tom Heineke, a botanist with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers in Mem- phis, TN has discovered cedar elm, Ulmus crass i fol i a in Missouri. Cedar elm is a medium sized tree with stiff corky or scaly branches. It is found in the southeastern United States and occurs in northern Arkansas. Tom found the tree while investigating wetland habitat in Dunklin County. He also found Nuttal's Oak at the same site. (Source: Missouri Native Plant Society Petal Pusher , Vol. 1, No. 6, 1986, p. 3.) ARTICLE OF INTEREST . The May 1987 issue of FLOWER AND GARDEN Magazine (Vol . 31, No. 3) has a very interesting article on the "Japanese Solomon ' s-Seal" ( Polygonatum odor- atum ) by Dr. John L. Creech. This issue should presently be at your local newsstand or magazine dealer. If not available, send your request and $2.00 per issue to: FLOWER AND GARDEN Magazine, 4251 Pennsylvania Avenue, Kansas City, M0 64111. 1 1 DONATIONS NEEDED ! The Mississippi Native Plant Society announces the forthcoming pub- lication of the WiLDFLOWERS OF MISSISSIPPI , by Dr. Steve C. Timme. Scheduled to be published in the spring of 19&B, the field guide will contain more than 500 color plates of the common native and naturalized plants found in the state. Each photo- graph is accompanied by a brief description of the plant and its distribution. Dis- cussions concerning historical aspects, plant names, plant structures, and regions of the state are included. The purpose of the Wildflowers of Mississippi is to pro- vide those interested in the state's native and naturalized flora an easy means for identifying the more common species by comparing a plant with the photographs and descriptions in the field guide. (Dr. Steve L. Timme has a position in the Department of Biology at the University of North Alabama, where he teaches biology and botany courses and does continuing re- search on neotropical and southeastern U.S. bryophytes. He is currently Editor of the Mississippi Native Plant Society News 1 etter ; and is a member of the Tennessee Na- tive Plant Society.) Although no profit will be gained from the W? ldf lowers of Mississippi project, pub- lication costs are far more than the MNPS can cover. To help offset these costs, the Mississippi Native Plant Society is requesting support. Donations should be sent to: Wildflowers of Mississippi Project, P.0. Box 4873, Mississippi State, MS 39762-4873. NATIONAL WILDFLOWER RESEARCH CENTER TO GET $1,000,000 !! Lady Bird Johnson says $1 million from her estate will go to the NWRC which she helped establish in 1982 by do- nating 60 acres of land east of Austin, Texas and $125,000. She said, "I have been blessed with God's bounty, and it gives me great joy to put it back into God's green earth." A Modest Proposal (Or, a Practical Hypothesis in Response to the Problem of "Loving them to death.") by Chuck Wi 1 son Of late, yet another threat to rare plants has appeared, particularly in the upper midwest and northeast. This is the new problem of widespread popularity wherein growing numbers of enthusiasts are trampling fragile habitats in search of the unusual, which sets up a new "vicious cycle" as follows: Increased visitation produces site damage and a concomitant decrease in plant populations, and this in turn makes the object of the hunt rarer still and there- fore all the more desirable as a worthy find; the worthier the find, the more people that come to look for it, and the cycle repeats until the plants are gone. Thus far the response to this phenomenon has been to try (usually unsuccess- fully) to restrict site-specific knowledge to only a small number of individuals. But this is not easy to do, contradicts human nature, and even runs into a legal problem in some places where tax-exempt status requires access by the Dublic (to both the land and what's on it that's being protected). Oftentimes, professionals in the biological sciences will try to confine information among themselves and away from amateurs, and the reverse is becoming evermore frequent where there is fear of specimen taking or the likelihood of causing a site owner to panic. An example of the latter was a population of rare plants in North Carolina that was immediately bulldozed by the site owner when he was told of its presence on his property because he feared that it could be used to block his plans for development; he did not feel threatened by disorganized amateurs, but professional conservationists with legal counsel and government agency connections were an entirely different matter. 12 - A philosophical question arises whenever someone is kept from seeing something by someone else, regardless of the imagined purity of motives; is it right to get what you want and then piously restrict another person from doing the same? Obvious- ly, if a population disappears forever then nobody benefits, but it could take the wisdom of Solomon to choose who would do the most towards protecting the plants. In answer to this dilemma, I propose as a partial but nonetheless long-range solution, the concept of designated sites, wherein certain stations are temporarily allocated for visitation in quest of one or more specific taxa. The idea is to en- courage seekers of a particular wild plant to do so at a specific station set aside for that purpose, preferably complete with volunteers who keep watch on the bloom- ing status and can therefore serve as telephone contacts to assist in planning ex- cursions and also as guides to expedite finding the subject, in order to save time and minimize trampling the site. But why would anyone want to travel a long distance to see something with a group when they might be able to find it by themselves, closer to home? There are several reasons, I believe, including, but not limited to the following: 1. Damage minimization . Many people recognize that they damage certain types of fra- gile habitat when they search for something, and they also learn from visits in successive years to the same spot, that they do far less damage when they know where they are going. If someone likes a plant well enough to hunt for it without digging it up, they probably are interested in protecting it, and even diggers can be inhib- ited by mandatory guides and stiff penalties. Boardwalks have been erected in nature preserves all over the country with site protection in mind. 2. Networking. Finding your own locations is a thrill (for those who live where that is still possible), but so is sharing and exchanging excursion experiences with peo- ple from different parts of the country, including places you would not likely ex- plore by yourself. It's safer and alot faster to go with people who are familiar with the territory, and for most people a lot more fun. 3. Better pictures. I learned long ago that most people will not dig plants in the wild if their neighbors have bought nicer ones at a nursery, and this same psycholo- gical advantage applies to photographs. A picture taken of a struggling species on the edge of its range is not as desirable as a robust specimen taken at a designated site near the center of its distribution. k. Time . Most people have found that it is faster to travel to where an objective is known to be in bloom than to go on wild goose chases for plants that did not come up, came up too early or are late, or didn't bloom at all or had blooms eaten by some- thing if they did. This is part of the challenge of native plants, to be sure, but you need lots of time. For example, take Tipularia discolor , the Cranefly Orchid, which is rare in Michigan and Ontario because it is at the edge of its range, and therefore ekes out a tenuous existence wherever found there; in Tennessee, by contrast, there are places where it is common and robust (and therefore much more photogenic) in tough sites which can handle large numbers of people with no damage. The downside is that the Michiganders would have to travel to see it, but the travel time loss is compensated by the certain knowledge that it is up, in bloom, and photogenic, and in a known lo- cation that they can go right to, without wasting time trampling other delicate plants while looking for it. Not every sought-after plant will have a few resilient candidate sites for de- signation, but many of them will, which would be enough for a large-scale test of the workability of the concept. Gray's Lily, and other species which occur at only one or very few sites, may just have to await the future learning of how to propa- gate them successfully to create new stations strong enough to allow visitors. Some / t - 13 - plants which are apparently extremely sensitive to visitation Ce.g., a boreal species like Amerorchis rotund i fol ia , the small round- leaved orchis) may require very differ- ent arrangements such as rotation through a number of sequential sites even in a sin- gle season, coupled with strict rules such as using mandatory guides, plastic outer- wear, walking in only certain places, or whatever else comes out of special research yet to be done to determine just what it is that people inadvertently do that is so disturbing to some exceedingly delicate plants. Also, getting the scheme started may require quite a bit of simultaneous coordi- nation between different regions. Volunteer sites will probably be hard to come by without reciprocity, i.e., simultaneous announcement of a number of host locations in different states, so that nobody feels that they are giving alot more than they are getting. Anything new has growing pains, but the ability to see the plants now and into the future is worth it. (Please send any thoughts on this idea to: Chuck Wilson, 4201 Gann Store Road, Hixson, TN 37342; or Bus Jones, 6810 Gayda Lane, Chattanooga, TN 37421. Reprinted with per- mission from the Association of Amateur Field Botanists News 1 etter , Vol. Ill, No. 10, January/February 1987, p. 3“4.) FROM THE BOOKSHELF THE 60-MINUTE FLOWER GARDEN : have a yard full of dazzling flowers in one hour a week. Jeff Ball and Charles 0. Cresson. Flower gard- en designs, soil care, watering and feeding, managing pests, maps and resources. 1987. Rodale Press, Emmaus, PA., 288 pages. 53 color photos, 37 B S W photos, and 50 illustrations. Softcover $13*95, Hardcover $21.95. THE JOY OF Wl LDFLOWERS- A field book of familiar flowers of rural and urban habitats in the Eastern United States. Millie B. House; illustrated by Lucia de Leiris. 158 pages. Prentice-Hall, Inc., New York, 1 986 . Softcover $9-95. A Guide in Full Color WILDFLOWERS AND WEEDS . Booth Courtenay and James H. Zimmerman. TW pages. Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York, 1972. Softcover $10.25. WILDFLOWERS IN COLOR . Arthur Stupka, with assistance of Donald H. Robinson. 144 pages. Harper Colophon Books, Harper S Row Publishers, New York, 1 965 , 1982. Softcover $6.95. The Country Diary Book of CREATING A WILD FLOWER GARDEN . John Andrews, edited and with an introduction by Anthony Huxley. 160 pages. Practical advice on how to grow wild- flowers, simple instructions on cultivation and propagation, suggested layouts for the wild garden, and flowers that encourage butterflies, bees and birds. Henry Holt S Co., Inc., New York, 1 986 . Hardcover $19-95. A Complete Guide for Beginners and Experienced Gardeners: GARDENING WITH WILDFLOWERS. Frances Tenenbaum. 165 pages. Wildflower culture, introduction of wildflowers to your garden, ground covers, and ferns; woodland, seashore, ponds, brooks, soggy soil gard- ens; how to make a meadow; poisonous and edible plants; collecting and conserving wildflowers; buying wildflowers. Ballantine Books, New York, 1973. Softcover $8.95. THE TIME-LIFE BOOK OF WILDFLOWER GARDENING . James Underwood Crockett, Oliver E. Allen, and the Editors of Time-Life Books. 160 pages. Color photographs; clear and concise step-by-step directions and drawings; chart listing plant types and characteristics; climate zone maps; watercolor illustrations; bibliography and index. Henry Holt & Co., New York. Softcover $12.95. MAGIC AND MEDICINE OF PLANTS . Reader's Digest Book, New York, distributed by Random House. 464 pages. Where to find the plants; how to identify them; how they've been used, and how they are used today. 1 986 . Hardcover $23.95. - 14 - COLLECTING, PROCESSING AND GERMlNATtNG SEEDS OF WILDLAND PLANTS . James A. and Cheryl Young. 236 pages with 30 B S W illustrations in photographs and line drawings. This book contains information most requested by native plant gardeners. Part I presents the general principles and techniques of collecting, after-care storage and germina- tion; lists specific plants after each discussion. Part 11 presents chapter by chapt- er germination guidelines for wild grasses, broad-leaved herbaceous plants, trees, and shrubs (evergreen and deciduous). Botanical and common names cross referenced, and further reading suggestions. Timber Press, 9999 S.W. Wilshire, Portland, OR 97225. $24.95 (plus $2.50 postage). GARDENING BY MAIL: A SOURCE BOOK . Barbara J. Barton. 1986. An up-to-date directory of garden resources of more than 2000 listings, including: 264 seed companies, 948 nur- series, 200 horticultural societies, 51 horticultural publications, 115 horticultural libraries, 116 horticultural books, and 35 professional and trade organizations! No other single book offers you horticultural information as comprehensive and as well organized. (TNPS is listed in this book!) Softbound $16.00 (Tusker Press, Order Dept., P.0. Box 597004, San Francisco, CA 94159; add $2.00 per copy for postage and handling. Accept MasterCard and Visa.) THE WILD GARDEN: a complete illustrated guide to creating a garden using wild and native plants. Violet Stevenson. 168 pages. The growing interest in conservation and ecology and the possibility of buying seeds and plants, even of those that have become very rare in the wild is reflected in this lovely book. The full color photographs, watercolor illustrations and line drawings of a wide range of wild and natural gardens with accompanying text demonstrate how a variety of sites can be used in establishing a wild garden. Hardcover $25.00 (l. Levenson-Garden Books, 58 Berkshire Road, Great Neck, New York 11023; add $2.00 for shipping charges). THE COMPLETE BOOK OF HEALTH PLANTS . Illustrations by Marilene Pistoia. English adapt- ation by M.A. Dejey. 242 pages. This book with its accurate and beautiful botanical illustrations gives descriptions of the plants' uses by old herbalists as well as the plants' present day functions in medicine. Their roles in history, mythology and in the kitchen are also discussed. An appendix giving detailed information on the chemi- cal action and pharmaceutical constituents of each plant is included. Hardcover $15-95. (I. Levenson-Garden Books, 58 Berkshire Road, Great Neck, New York 11023; plus $2.00 for shipping charges.) THE ALPINE PLANTS OF CHINA . Chang King Wai, Editor. 134 pages. The Ts i 1 i ngha i -Ti betan Plateau, situated between the tropical and temperate zones at "The Roof of the World 1 . 1 , has alpine plants that are extremely varied with flowers of every form and color. There are 197 rare photographs of these plants as they appear in their natural land- scapes together with essential information about each. This beautiful book is a useful reference for the scientific reader as well as for the plant enthusiast. Hardcover $9-95. (I. Levenson-Garden Books, 58 Berkshire Road, Great Neck, New York 11023; add $2.00 for shipping charges.) (Most of these books are available in your local bookstore or can be ordered through them, with the possible exception of the last three books for which the direct ad- dress is given. The first eight books listed are available in stock at Rechenbach's at 1709 Cumberland Avenue in Knoxville, TN.) TNPS T-SHIRTS The Passionflower and the Society name are printed in black on a vari- ety of colored shirts — It. blue, lilac (purple), red, yellow and pink. Specify long or short-sleeves; sizes S to XL. Both styles are 50/50 polyester/cotton blend pre- mium quality shirts. (Special orders upon request — size, color, cotton). Short- sleeves-$6.00, long-sl eeves-$8 . 50. Add $1.50 for postage and handling for each shirt. (TN residents add 1 % sales tax.) Make check or money order payable to the 'Tennessee Native Plant Society', and send order to: Ruth Lassiter, 110 S. Tampa Lane, Oak Ridge, TN 37830. - 15 : NATIVE PLANT/SEED SOURCES We are NEW on the scene. Just decided to open for business last Summer. Bought our license, had our nursery inspected and approved by the State, and are now ready to offer you a wide selection of native wildflower plants; plus some from as far away as Australia, Japan, England, and West Germany. We do not plan to ship. We would rather let you come to our nursery and hand pick the plants that you want. Our gardens will be open for the Knoxville Dogwood Arts Festival (April 10-26), but Please just give us a call for directions, and to For a list of our plants, please send a SASE to: SINKing jSjfspidNGS GARDENS Box 93A Clinton, TN 37716 Phone (615) 457-1864 Jim & Mearl Macres Route 1 you are welcome to come anytime, let us know when to expect you. SINKING SPRINGS GARDENS, Route 1 Box 93A, Clinton, TN 37716; call (61 5)^57“ 1 864 . VIGOROUS, NURSERY-GROWN WILDFLOWERS for all wildflower gardens, rich or poor soil, shady or sunny conditions, natural areas or established gardens. Showy, reliable, easy. 32-page booklet describes species, gives cultural requirements, and suggests landscape uses and combina- tions— $1.00. SUNLIGHT GARDENS, Route 3 Box 286-T, Loudon, TN 37774. We also offer complete landscaping services using native plants. Call (615)986-6071. PLANTS AND SEEDS of your favorite TENNESSEE WILD- FLOWERS. Our stock is 100% nursery propagated. Most of our stock is grown in containers which assures your success at almost any season of the year. We have selections for most garden condi- tions from woodland to meadows and our catalogue includes all the information you need to help you choose the best plants for your situation. We also have design, consultation and landscaping services available should you need help with small or large projects. Send a SASE for informative catalogue to: NATIVE GARDENS, Route 1 Box 494, Greenback, TN 37742. -Native (gardens Route 1 Box 494 Greenback, TN 37742 Home Grown Wildflowers. Traditional Garden Perennials. Large selection of plants and seed available. Quality guaranteed. Cata- log $1.00, refundable with order. NATURAL GARDENS, 113 Jasper Lane, Oak Ridge, TN 37830. • 'ipes 00 ' 1 $ le siqeueAB sanss; >peg ’aoueApe uj syasM xis ssajppe uj a 6 ueqo j.o sn A^jiou aseau *OOll-966Z.£ N1 ‘suiaxoux ‘aassauuai go A^isjaAiup aqx ‘Auegog go guaiugjedaQ sqg qgjM uoiqeiooss e ui (jaqiuaoaQ pue ‘jaqogoo */sn 6 n\/ ‘aunp ‘[jjd\/ ‘Ajenjqaj) Aiqguowjq paqsfiqnd sj jagga i SMaq Agaioos } ue ld SAiqe^ aassauuax aqj. *uu«X jo -*;un atvd *®m«>d - 5*0 ••jo u.joj^-uon ^aznj --| >(jew Pl eM 3 epun (jsmoijuo) ssej) uo)U3Q ejpne [3 sjsjjjv buijnqi jjuo] [ [sqduie] *x MJiej uo/ng 'h 3U[|3pew suo|ssa$ eajpuv uos[!M ipnqg sjoj|P 3 Buijnquiuog 5)3znj -i >)jew i 3 !M3- u I -JO! i P 3 paasanbay uoTgoaxxoo ssaxppv OOH-9664E 33SS3NN3X 3T1IAXONX 33SS3NN3X 30 AJ.ISa3AIND 3HX lN3»MXUVdaa ANVIOS A13I30S INVld 3AI1VN 33SS3NN31 1987 TNPS Officers and Board of Directors PRESIDENT: RECORDING SECRETARY: MIDDLE DIRECTOR: Scott C. Gunn Nita Heilman Kay Jones 101 Spring Street 429 Rivermont Drive Route 3, Box 736B Ashland City, TN 37015 Clarksville, TN 37043 Double Branch Road (615)792-4463 (H) (615)645-9338 (H) Columbia, TN 38401 (615)388-8373 (H) (615)742-6551 (W) EAST DIRECTOR: (615)388-3145 (w) VICE-PRESIDENT: Dr. Duane F. Houck Dennis Horn Div. of Natural Science WEST DIRECTOR: 222 Crestwood Drive Dept, of Biology Lois P. Lord Tullahoma, TN 37388 Southern Missionary College Dept, of Biology (615)455-5742 (H) Col 1 egeda 1 e , TN 37315 Lambeth College (615)455-2611, Ext. 7447 (W) (615)396-2615 (H) Jackson, TN 38301 (615)427-1500 (W) TREASURER: EAST DIRECTOR: Shirley Nicholson A1 Foster WEST DIRECTOR: 6806 Haverhill Drive 110 Dale Road Frances Spence Knoxvi lie, TN 37909 P.0. Box 416 3610 Cowden (615)588-6976 (H) Norris, TN 37828 Memph is, TN 381 1 1 CORRESPONDING SECRETARY: (615)494-0951 (615)452-6982 (H) Andrea Shea MIDDLE DIRECTOR: EDITOR-IN-CHIEF: TN Dept, of Transportation Sandra D. Bivens Mark L. Fuzek Suite 900, Polk Bldg. 3504 General Bates Drive P.0. Box 525 Nashville, TN 37219 (615)741-6835 (W) Nashville, TN 37204 (615)292-9684 (H) Knoxvi 1 le, TN 37901 (615)525-3651 (H) (615)333-2867 (H) (615)352-6299 (W) TENNESSEE NATIVE PIANT SOCIETY NEWSLETTER Vo 1 ume 10, Number 3 June 1987 The Tennessee Native Plant Society was founded in 1978 as a botanical club for all persons interested in the native flora of Tennessee. Its purpose is to promote interest in plant identification, folklore, grow- ing native plants from seeds and cuttings, landscaping with native plants, preserving natural areas and protecting rare plants. MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT I am beginning this totally uninspired as to what I should write (some are of the opinion that my "President's Messages" have been so all along). If it improves, perhaps you will compliment me on how well I am able to summon up creativity at the last minute to deliver me from a tight spot; but if it doesn't, perhaps you will be filled with compassion and understanding and say, "at least" he meant well' * 1 . Anyway, if you are like me, much of the botanizing that you get to do is done on your lawn or from a car window. However, that is not necessarily all bad. For instance, a couple of springs ago, as I was making my way into Nashville, I got a glimpse of a yel low- flowered plant at the base of a big bluff which overlooked the Cumberland River. I immediately supposed it to be Lesquerella lescurii , a relative- ly common annual mustard whose distribution is restricted mainly to the mid-Cumber- land Basin. During its brief flowering period, usually mid-April, this plant can turn whole river bottoms a bright yellow. It really is impressive. And so, I thought that I had seen this common bladderpod, as they are called, even though the plants I saw were growing in the harsh environment of the limestone-shale talus at the base of the bluff (some place I had never seen it grow) and were about 2-A times taller than any L_. lescuri i I had ever seen before. Confident in my assessment of this observation, I went on my way, more or less forgetting about it, until I heard Larry Smith casually mention that he needed to check out some sites for one of Tenn- essee's "threatened" species — Lesquerella qlobosa . "Describe this species, please". I said to Larry. "Well, it looks like Lesquerella lescurii" , was the gist of what he said. "It's the only other Tennessee bladderpod with yellow flowers." "And where does it grow?" was my next question. Larry replied, "On bluffs along the Cumberland River in Davidson and Cheatham Count- ies, and in a pasture in Maury County." "Hey! I've seen that critter!" I said excitedly. I also learned that its appearance seems to be cyclical, being in good form every other year. Indeed, when I looked last spring, I could not find the plant; but this yeai — Oh! It was in 'rare form'! (Ha, pun intended! — O.K., I guess it was rarer last year if you want to be that way about it.) Anyway, one afternoon, Paul Somers and I ventured to a nice little patch of the stuff which was perched right on the corner of a bluff just above State Highway 12. We got many nice photos of 2 L.. qlobosa in all its glory. My little car window botany paid off nicely. Other dividends were the discovery of a who'le hi VI side of Col umbo ( Swertia carol i n iens i s ) and Rhododendron alabamense . So, what is the purpose of all of this? Well, when you are out travelling around the motorways of our fair state and some enticfng plant catches your eye, stop and check it out. Maybe you will have discovered the next state record. Anyway, you will have most likely learned something from this experience. Oh, a brief postscript: I want to thank TNPS Treasurer Shirley Nicholson and Karen Yarbro for all of their hard work at this past April's Wildflower Pilgrimage in Gatl inburg. Thanks also to Katherine Simmons and Mark Fuzek, and all other TNPS members who helped out at the display booth. We appreciate it! We were sorry to hear about the car accident past TNPS President Tom Patrick and his newlywed wife, Bretta, were involved in that prevented them from attending the Pilgrimage. Al- though the car was heavily damaged, they luckily sustained only minor injuries, and Bretta received a broken collarbone. We hear that they are recovering well. Finally, don't forget (if this newsletter reaches you in time) the TNPS annual meeting will be held June 5, 6, and 7 at Pickett State Park. If you did forget, we had a great time. Maybe you can make it next year. — Scott C. Gunn Editor's Note : My persistent begging for newsletter materials to be sent to me by the deadline date seems to be paying off! Thanks to all who have contributed to this Newsletter and sent their materials to me on time. My personal thanks to TNPS member Linda Ewald, who so faithfully continues to help fold, staple, apply address labels, sort, etc., the newsletters at a last minute's notice. Several members have indicated an interest in "writing" on their membership forms, but anyone who wishes to make a contribution to the Newsletter is encouraged to do so. I appre- ciate all of the little notes of praise that I receive for my efforts with the News- 1 etter , and this encourages me to continue as your Editor-in-Chief. Thanks!! DEADLINE FOR MATERIALS FOR THE AUGUST ISSUE IS NO LATER THAN JULY 10, 1987! ! Send your contributions to: Mark L. Fuzek, TNPS Editor-in-Chief, P.0. Box 525, Knoxville, TN 37901, or call (615)525-3651. TENNESSEE NATIVE PLANT SOC I ETY ANNUAL MEETING June 5, 6, & 7, 1 987 Pickett State Park Jamestown, Tennessee The annual meeting begins on Friday night and will end on Sunday sometime. The cost for two night's lodging and four meals (two breakfasts and two lunches) will be $18.50 per person. Lodging is $4.50 per night, each breakfast is $2.25 and each lunch is $2.50. Supper on Friday and Saturday nights will be on your own. You can bring your own or dine at the area eateries (and there are some good ones). We will be staying in the group camp at Pickett, so remember to bring your own sleeping bag or linens, etc. To get there, take U.S. 127 north from Crossville to Jamestown; then just north of Jamestown, take State Route 154 northeast to the park. If you will be staying only one night or eating only some of the meals, we can amend your fee accordingly. This promises to be an exceptional spring meeting. The flora should be just right for that time in that part of the state. If you need more in- formation, contact Scott Gunn, 101 Spring St., Ashland City, TN 37015, (615)742- 6551 (w), (615)792-4463 (H) . See you there! - 3 - CONFERENCE ON LANDSCAPING WITH NATIVE PLANTS July 23, 24 & 25 Western Carolina University in Cullowh.ee, North Carolina Leo Collins, Director (Past TNPS Vice-President) Jim Horton, Coordinator The purpose of the Conference is to increase interest in and knowledge of propagat- ing and using native Southeastern plant species in the landscape. Both the pro- fessional and layman will gain valuable knowledge from the informative lectures and workshops. The program also includes an optional slide show. Topics will cover basic landscaping and design; propagation — including native ferns, orchids and woody natives; ground covers; blending native and traditional landscape plants, etc. Among the speakers will be Dr. Ed Clebsch, Professor of Botany and Ecology at The Univers- ity of Tennessee, Knoxville, and owner of Native Gardens nursery in Greenback, Tenn- essee. He will be a group leader on some of the walks; present a lecture on "The Higher Pleasure — Appreciating Rare Plants In Their Natural Communities"; and lead a panel discussion on "Collecting From The Wild: Economics vs. Conservation Ethics." The Conference will be limited to the first 400 registrants. For additional infor- mation about the program schedule, call Dr. Jim Horton, Department of Biology, at (704)227-7244 (W) or (704)293-5448 (H) ; or write to: Sue DeBord, Division of Conti- nuing Education, Western Carolina University, Cullowhee, North Carolina 28723 for a detailed brochure. JLJLJUJLJI..1..14.JL A A /» /* A A /% S\ /* 37th ANNUAL SPRING WILDFLOWER PILGRIMAGE NOTES This was the Tennessee Native Plant Society's second attempt at having a booth at the Pilgrimage held in Gatl inburg, TN on April 23, 24, and 25, 1987. Karen Yarbro and Shirley Nicholson, TNPS Treasurer, took over as the main coordinators after some confusion over who was responsible for obtaining the booth; and volunteers to man the booth were difficult to obtain. Unfortunately, Karen Yarbro was unable to attend the Pilgrimage due to her mother's serious illness. We also regret that Scott Gunn, TNPS President, was unable to attend due to his father's sudden illness; and Tom (past TNPS President) and Bretta Patrick did not make it due to their car accident. Then there were problems with the slide projector; and due to lack of volunteers, we shut down the booth on Friday night. Despite all of the problems and misfortunes encountered, our efforts were not all in vain. Total sales were $184. 60 for memberships, T-shirts, notecards, etc.; which also included a 20 % commission on the sales of $250.50 of the beautiful, realistic corn shuck wildf lowers handcrafted by TNPS member Katherine Simmons. The booth was more attractive this year, but im- provements still could be made. The pouring rain on Friday cancelled many of the hikes, but was advantageous as it forced many would-be hikers to come to the booth displays indoors, and several of the TNPS members helped man the booth afterall! We thank Karen Yarbro and Shirley Nicholson foremost for their dedicated time and efforts at getting things organized as well as they did, considering all of the cir- cumstances. Our thanks to all who helped in manning the booth: Shirley Nicholson, Katherine Simmons, Susan Farmer and her mother, Raleigh Palmer, Mark Fuzek, Jim Macres, Nita and Ann Heilman, Larry Wilson, and Paul Somers. (Did we leave anyone out that deserves credit?) We had a few suggestions from customers; such as, iron-on patches with a TNPS logo, and having "wildflower sighting" booklets (like they have for birds) so one could note the flower and where it was seen. We hope to continue having an annual booth, but we need to start planning and recruiting volunteers several months in advance. Next year's Wildflower Pilgrimage will be on April 28, 29 and 30, 1988 — so mark your calendars! ! ! - 4 - SOUTHERN APPALACHIAN HIGHLANDS CONSERVANCY (incorporated) ANNUAL MEETING, KIKES AND FIELD TRIP June 20-21 , 1 987 Through the thoughtful suggestion of Ed Schell, a member of both the Southern Appa- lachian Highlands Conservancy (incorporated) and the Tennessee Native Plant Society, SAHC invites TNPS members to join some of their members for two days of hikes and a field trip in the Roan Mountain area. Its purpose is to see, identify and photo- graph some of the more unusual plants to be found on the Roan massif. Following is their scheduled weekend program: Saturday, June 20 Hike No. 1 9:30 a.m. EDT Hike No. 2 9:00 a.m. EDT Hike No. 3 9:00 a.m. EDT Hike No. 4 8:30 a.m. EDT Sunday , June 21 Field Trip 9:30 a.m. EDT Very easy stroll on Big Yellow Mountain. Easy hike from Carvers Gap to Jane Bald and perhaps beyond. Dr. Paul Somers, Botanist, will be present to help identify plant species. Moderately strenuous hike from Elk Park over Hump Mountain to Big Yellow. Ed Schell to be the accom- panying wildf lower interpreter. More strenuous hike from Roaring Creek over Big Yellow and Hump to Elk Park. Jane Bald and beyond from Carvers Gap with Ed Schell. Times refer to departure times from Crossnore, North Carolina, the site of the annual meeting. SAHC can rendezvous with TNPS members at Carvers Gap for Hike No. 2 at 10:00 a.m., or at the Times Square Inn in Elk Park for Hike No. 3 at 9:30 a.m. The Saturday trips will return sometime in the afternoon, and the Sunday field trip will return by 1:00 p.m. Some of our members may also be SAHC members and are already planning to attend the annual meeting. Others participating on the hikes and/or field trip may prefer to be on their own for the remainder of the weekend; however, if you wish to join SAHC for the whole weekend, and perhaps become a member, you are indeed welcomed at Crossnore. Anyone becoming a member (see enclosed brochure/membership form about SAHC), or inquiring will receive reservation information. R.S.V.P. To help SAHC in their planning, they need to be advised of any particular hikes and/or the field trip you plan to attend. Please contact: Stanley A Murray, President, Southern Appalachian Highlands Conservatory (incorpor- ated), P.0. Box 3356, Kingsport, TN 37664, or call (61 5)323-3677 for fur- ther information. * * * WELCOME TO OUR NEW MEMBERS Gilliam, Francis; Knoxville, TN Hastings, Jack; Bradyville, TN Hernandez-Campos , I la; Pigeon Forge, TN Pagel , Mrs. Helen; Culleoka, TN Porter, Steve; Loudon, TN Ramseur, George; Sewanee, TN Russell, Patricia A.; Knoxville, TN Smith, Greg; Nashville, TN Spiller, Carol J.; Greenbriar, TN Stuyvesant, V.W.; Madison, TN Vance, Ron D.; Roan Mountain, TN 5 NATURE GU I DE-"The local naturalist helping the traveler" NATURE GUIDE is a small, non-profit, Audubon-sponsored directory of people who help nature- loving travelers to see birds, trees, flowers and other wildlife. These volunteer guides live in their own communities in the USA and in other countries of the world. NATURE GUIDE has taken a special place in the travels of thousands of travelers. Some have said just one volunteer naturalist made their trip. Someone has taken them to a park, a wetland, a family arboretum or a backyard with feeders; and his or her knowledge and enthusiasm for the wildlife there was the brightest spark in a long trip. The only cost to travelers is a one-time purchase to put them in touch with reliable and knowledgeable people. Mutual courtesy is re-emphasized. The NATURE GUIDE has appeared in reviews in a wide spectrum of conservation, special i zed and general interest media. Many mentions and reviews are published in other countries. What they would like to have from you (or our organ izat ion) i s : a) People to act as volunteer guides to good birding spots, wildlife parks or pre- serves. ( Be sure to get personal approval from listed guides .) b) Your natural areas; that is, national parks, sanctuaries, wetlands, zoos, geology listed with addresses. c) Addresses of bird societies, conservation organizations, and wildlife groups. They are in the process cessful years, they and you like to be included copy of the 9th edition of GUIDE, 3^915 Fourth Avenue 3895 or (206)838-0951 . of compiling the 9th edition of NATURE GUIDE. After 16 suc- thousands of travelers want to make it even better. Would in this edition? For an information form, or to reserve a the NATURE GUIDE directory, send inquiries to: NATURE South, Federal Way, Washington 9&003, or call (206)927“ Please eat the flowers! by JOHN M. LE1GHTY United Press Intemstionel SAN FRANCISCO — Food lovers get to eat the daisies, gnaw on geraniums, chew chrysanthemums and nibble on nasturtiums when they dine with Pamela and Jay North, a pair of dedicated petal pushers. At a recent tasting at San Francisco’s Bedford Hotel, Jay North artfully arranged culinary flowers and herbs on green salads and beside entrees of chicken breast and baked sturgeon. The posies added texture, flavor and color to the dishes. North and his wife grow and market an entire spectrum of flowers — some 35 varieties — aimed at the at-home gourmet. Their tastefully packaged products from Paradise Farms in Summerland, Calif., a business started four years ago. have quickly become the nation’s major source of edible flowers. ’’There's been a constant increase in the use of edible flowers over the last four years,” said North. “We’re now shipping to such places as Boston. Chicago, the Pacific Northwest, the Philippines. Asia and South American countries.” North said most Americans aren’t accustomed to petals on their plates and even at the best French Nouvelle Cuisine restaurants, the posies are often pushed aside. To change these habits and help people leam the proper ways to bite the buds, the Norths have published an illustrated “Guide to Cooking with Edible Flowers." “One barrier to marketing the product in stores is that people will buy them and then won’t know what to do with them.” said North. “That’s the reason we put out the guide." North said he farmed for 12 years, growing grapes, beans, alfalfa and com before his wife suggested they try marketing flowers instead. The "Edible Flowers” containers now sell in specialty stores and in some national chains such as Safeway. “I got tired of losing money on the other crops. I went into baby vegetables for awhile but got out before the market crashed.” Starting with herbs and nasturtiums, the flower farming expanded rapidly and North expects to soon add another 75 varieties to his blossoming list. Flowers farmed for eating, he said, must be organically grown. He warns against using as a condiment any plant or flower sold commercially as a decoration. “A lot of flowers are poisonous,” North said, suggesting that people check with a poison control center if they're unsure whether a flower is toxic. “You can’t use flowers from a florist because they’re grown with pesticides and are carcinogenic." The most popular edible flowers he said are blue and yellow nasturtiums, which have a peppery, horseradish taste: borage, purple-pink flowers that add a sweet cucumber taste to salads; and creamy-white roquettes, which can be used as both an herb and a garnish. Other herbs, such as dicon radish and rosemary, can be used in cooking with the flowers providing the garnish, said North. Other popular edibles include daisies, chrysanthemums, dandelions, fuchsia, hollyhock, marigold, pansies, roses, pineapple sage and violets. Here is a suggested recipe using edible flowers. Satanon Roquatta 2 steaks salmon y, cup butter l/, cop thyme y, cup rosemary y, cup roquette flower y, cup white wine y , fresh lemon Dash pepper Dash garlic Crush and mix herbs in sauce pan using the roquette flower as an herb. Cook sauce with butter, wine, lemon, pepper and garlic. Poach salmon until tender and ready to serve. Pour herb sauce over salmon. Garnish with a few Roquette flowers. The guide for cooking with edible flowers can be purchased by sending J5 to Paradise Farms, P.O. Box 436, Summerland, Calif. 93067. (Reprinted from the Knoxville News-Sentinel , Friday, page 1 . ) March 27 1987 Section B - 6 - June 5,6 & 7 June 20 & 21 June 20 & 21 July 4 July 11 6 12 July 23-25 July 25 August 15 August 15 & 16 For additional Route 1 Box 10 CALENDAR OF EVENTS TENNESSEE NATIVE PLANT SOCIETY ANNUAL MEETING . Pickett State Park, Jamestown, TN. Contact leader: Scott Gunn, 101 Spring St., Ashland City, TN 37015, (61 5)7^2-6551 (W) , (615)792-4463 (H) . SOUTHERN APPALACHIAN HIGHLANDS CONSERVANCY (incorporated) ANNUAL MEETING, HIKES, AND A FIELD TRIP. For additional information, call Stanley A. Murray, President, at (615)323*3677, or write him at: Southern Appalachian Highlands Conservancy (incorporated), P.0. Box 3356, Kingsport, TN 37664. ROAN MOUNTAIN STATE PARK— 4 1st ANNUAL RHODODENDRON FESTIVAL . Two big days celebrating the blooming of the largest natural rhododendron gardens in the United States! Beginning Saturday with a full day of old time music, dancing, crafts sales, dinner, and much more! For more information, contact Ned McWherter, (615)772-3303. CUMBERLAND STATE SCENIC TRAIL— EAGLE BLUFF DAY-HIKE . This 5i mile hike begins at 10:00 a.m. at the Cumberland Trail Office in Cove Lake State Park. For further information, contact: Bobby Harbin, Route 2, Box 108 a, Caryville, TN 37714; (615)566-0902 (W) , or (615) 566-1327 (H). H0LST0N M0UNTAIN/R0AN MOUNTAIN TRIPS . Carter County (Joint field trip with the "Afbees"). Contact leaders: J.l. "Bus" Jones, (615) 892-3009 (H), or Ed Schell, (615)282-6125. CONFERENCE ON LANDSCAPING WITH NATIVE PLANTS AT CULLOWHEE . Call Jim Horton at (704)227-7244 (W) or (704)293-5448 (H) ; or write to: Sue DeBord , Division of Continuing Education, Western Carolina Univers- ity, Cullowhee, NC 28723 . PLATANTHERA ORBICULATA SEARCH-UNAKA MOUNTAIN . Unicoi County. TNPS Field Trip. Contact leader: Paul Somers , (Si 5) 742-6550 (W) . SOUTH CUMBERLAND STATE RECREATION AREA: MEADOW BEAUT I ES — LOST COVE CAVE TOUR. Meet at the Visitor's Center for a wildflower hike and cave tour hike. 9:00 a.m. and Noon. For further information, con- tact: Randy Hedgepath, South Cumberland State Recreation Area, Rt. 1 Box 144H, Tracy City, TN 37387; or call (615)924-2956, (615)924- 2980. CHEROKEE NATIONAL FOREST (TELL I CO RIVER AREA) , Monroe County. Con- tact leader: Harold Scott, Route 9 Box 223, Columbia, TN 38401, or call (615)388-0850. JL Jm J* MOUNTAINEER photo-adventures 1987 SPRING WORKSHOPS June 13 & 14 Peaks, Balds & Ridges June 20 & 21 Wildlife & Nature Workshop with Mike Boyatt information, write to: David Smiley, Mountaineer photo-adventures, 1 , Vonore, TN 37885, or call ( 6 1 5) 295-21 8 1 . - 7 - - JULY FIELD TRIPS HOLSTON MOUNTA I N--ROAN MOUNTAIN TRIPS DATES: Saturday, July 11, 1987 and Sunday, July 12, 1987 TIMES: 10:00 a.m. EDT 9:00 a.m. EDT MEETING Meet at the Bonanza Restaurant in El i zabethton , TN (6 miles from PLACES: Johnson City) at 10:00 a.m. EDT, Saturday, July 11th for the Holston Mountain foray. Meet at the Roan Mountain Visitor's Center (turn right at the town of Roan Mountain) at 9:00 a.m. EDT, Sunday, July 12th for the Roan Mountain foray. LEADERS: "Bus" Jones, 6810 Gayda Lane, Chattanooga, TN 37421, (615)892-3009 (H) will be leading the Holston Mountain trip. Ed Schell, 2514 Brown's Mill Road, Johnson City, TN 37601, (615) 282-6125, will be leading the Roan Mountain trip. Holston Mountain is 4000 feet in elevation. Some hiking, short and easy. Much car stopping and nosing about. Not heavily used but has a nice restroom and picnic table area on top, so bring food and drinks. Boots would be a good choice. Satur- day night can be in motels in Elizabethton or Roan Mountain, TN. It would be a good idea to make reservations. We will meet Ed Schell at the Roan Mountain Visitor's Center at 9:00 a.m. EDT on July 12th. As for interesting flowers, we should see most of the following: L? par is 1 i 1 i fol ia (Large Twayblade), Asclepias exaltata (Milk- weed Family), Thalictrum revolutum (Buttercup Family), Gaultheria procumbens (Tea- berry; Wi ntergreen) , Pyrola rotundifolia (Round- 1 eaved Pyrola), Lilium superbum (Turk's cap Lily), Lychnis alba (Evening Lychnis; White Campion), Cimicifuga racemo- sa (Black Cohosh; Bugbane) , Amianthium muscaetoxicum (Fly Poison), Veratrum parvi- TTorum (Sma 1 1 -f 1 owered Veratrum), LilTum michauxii TCarolina Lily), Polygonum scan- dens (Buckwheat Family), etc. (Etc. means hundreds more!) (Editor's note: Common names were supplied utilizing The Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Wild- f lowers-Eastern Region. ) PLATANTHERA ORBICULATA SEARCH— UNAKA MOUNTAIN Unicoi County Orchid Hunt DATE: Saturday, July 25, 1987 TIME: 9:30 a.m. EDT MEETING We will meet at the U.S. Forest Service's Unaka Ranger District PLACE: Office, 1205 North Main Street, Erwin, TN. LEADER: Paul Somers, Botanist with the Tennessee Department of Conservation, 4402 West 1 awn , Nashville, TN 37209; (615)742-6549 (W) , (615)385-3482. This is the peak time for blooming of the large round-leaved orchid, PI atanthera orbiculata , which is known from a couple of places in the area. One purpose of the trip will be to assist the U.S. Forest Service by mapping populations and estimating their sizes and extent. This will help the Forest Service plan for the wise steward- ship of this state endangered orchid. We will spend the morning working on orchid census, then use the afternoon having fun exploring easily accessible places, such as "Beauty Spot" on the state line. Hope to see you there! - 8 - AUGUST FIELD TRIP DATES: CHEROKEE NATIONAL FOREST— TELL I CO RIVER AREA, MONROE COUNTY Saturday, August 15, 1987 and Sunday, August 16, 1987 TIME: 10:00 a.m. CDT MEETING PLACE: LEADERS: Meet at the Scott's cabin, 20 miles up the mountain from Tellico Plains, TN. Follow signs to Pheasant Fields Trout Rearing pools, cross bridge, turn right, and go 100 yards to parking area. Their cabin is across the walking bridge over the Sycamore Creek. Nancy and Harold Scott, and Bill and Kay Jones. For further informa- tion, write to: Scotts, Route 9 Box 223, Columbia, TN 38401 or call (615)388-0850. Accomodations available at Green Cove Motel on Tellico Road. Rooms have kitchen- ettes: There are no restaurants or groceries available (few at the motel) except at Tellico Plains and Madisonvi 1 le. Call Green Cove Motel at (615)253-2069 for reser- vations. There are also numerous campgrounds all around. **Anyone interested in having a hamburger cookout with chips and brownies and BY0B on Saturday night the 15th, send $2.00 each and reservations ahead of time to: Scotts, Route 9 Box 223, Columbia, TN 38401, or call (61 5)388-0850.** On Saturday, meet at the Scott's cabin at 10:00 a.m. CDT for an easy walk up Syca- more Creek Road. Last year, they saw three-bird's orchid ( Triphora tr iantaphora ) , small green wood orchid ( Platanthera clavellata ), yellow fringed, adder's tongue, cranefly, Virginia meadow beauty. ..and Nature Extraordinary, Magnificent and Breath- taking! The Sunday hike will be a choice of several trails... to be determined by flower abundance. SMOKY MOUNTAIN FIELD SCHOOL 1987 June 6 June 20-21 June 27 July 18-19 August 1-2 August 1-2 Forests and Trees of the Smokies Identification of Ferns Gregory Bald Azalea Hike Mosses and Related Plants Mushroom Identification Society and Nature For course information, call (615)974-6688, or write to: Smoky Mountain Field School, Non-Credit Programs, 2016 Lake Avenue, University of TN, Knoxville, TN 37996-3515. Permission is hereby granted to reprint material contained within this News 1 etter , provided proper credit is given to the author/ed i tor and to the Tennessee Native Plant Society, Department of Botany, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-1100. - 9 - otpourri STUDY THE NATIVE PLANTS OF ALASKA! An excit- (907)562-5723. ing trip is being offered this study the natural history (plants of the Denali Parks of Alaska. Travel train and river rafts on this 12-day expedition. College credit available. Total cost: $450.00. For detailed information, write to the instructor and current president of the Alaska Native Plant Soc- iety: John Wenger, P.0. Box 240171, Anchorage, AK 99524-0171; or call summer to i ncl uded) i s by i s LOCKING FOR SLIDES . The New England Wild Flower Society is seeking a few good slides to complete a set of state flowers of the United States: A1 aska- Myosot i s alpestris ; Cali forn ia- Eschschoi tz ia ca 1 ? forn ica ; Colorado- Aqui legia coerulea ; Flor ?da- C i trus s i nens i s ; Georgia- Rosa laevigata ; Idaho- Ph i ladel phus lewisii ; Lou i s iana- Magnol ia grand ? f 1 ora ; M i ch igan- Py rus coronaria ; Hissouri- Crataegus mollis ; Nevada- Artemi s ia tridentata ; New Mexico- Yucca elata ; Oh io- D i anthus caryophy 1 1 us ; South Carol ina- Gel semi urn semperv i rens ; Utah- Ca 1 ochortus nutalli ; Washington- Rhododendron marcro- phy 1 1 urn ; Wyoming- Cast i 1 leja linarifolia ; District of Col umb i a-Amer i can Beauty Rose. If you can help them, please contact the Slide Committee, New England Wild Flower Society, Garden in the Woods, Hemenway Road, Framingham, MA 01701. PROPAGATION OF WILDFLOWERS : How can I grow wildflowers from seeds or cuttings? When is the best time to collect seeds from plants in the woods, meadows, or along the highways? A new 30-page handbook, Propagation of Wildflowers , answers these two questions as well as many others in a concise manner for gardeners, from the begin- ner to the experienced. Based on the original propagation research of Will C. Curtis, founder of the Garden in the Woods, this guide has been revised and up- dated by Propagator William E. Brumback. Propagation of Wildflowers gives garden- ers general information about how to start wildflowers, about soil mixtures, and a variety of propagation methods; specific propagating notes on 114 eastern wildflow- ers; and seed-collecting dates for 93 species. In addition, the booklet includes a common name index and suggested reading list. To order, send $5.45 (includes post- age and handling) to: New England Wild Flower Society, Dept. WP, Garden in the Woods Hemenway Road, Framingham, MA 01701. TNPS NOTECARDS Currently, two notecard sets are available: 1) The Rare and Endanger ed Native Plants: Twinflower, Mountain Avens, Gray's Lily and Hart's Tongue Fern. This set consists of 12 cards, 3 of each plant design; and 2) The Appalachian Medi- cinals: Wild Ginger, Pennyroyal, Mul 1 e i n-Aaron ' s Rod, Jimsonweed, and Pipsissewa. This set consists of 10 cards, 2 of each plant design. Price is $4.00 postage paid per set of notecards and envelopes. (Special rates are available to organizations, museums, gift shops, or businesses.) Please make check or money order payable to the 'Tennessee Native Plant Society', and send order to: Jane Beintema, 3311 Mount Vernon Drive, Knoxville, TN 37920. FEDERATION LAUNCHES WASHINGTON HOTLINE ! The latest conversation news from Washington is now as close as your fingertips through the National Wildlife Federation's tele- phone hotline! A taped message summarizes the latest votes in Congress, federal agency decisions and Presidential actions affecting the environment. Updated every Tuesday and Friday morning, the tape also briefs callers on whom to call or write to make their views known on specific issues. The hotline number is (202)737-2024. The best times to call are evenings and weekends when long distance charges are lower. ( Source : International Wildlife , published by The National Wildlife Federation, May- June 1987, Volume 17, Number 3, page 27.) 10 - GARDENER'S SUPPLY has just put out its biggest catalog with dozens of new products and innovative gardening solutions. They have all of the latest gardening tools and other supplies. tf you would like a copy of their Summer 1 987 catalog, write to: GARDENER'S SUPPLY, 128 Intervale Road, Burlington, VT 05401. SEED SAVERS EXCHANGE Over the past 12 years the Seed Savers Exchange has grown into a network of 630 gardeners who collectively offer some 4,000 heirloom varieties of garden plants — mostly vegetables — to other gardeners who pledge to grow them and re- offer seeds to others. The members have preserved many valuable cultivars that are unavailable elsewhere. Now you can catch up on the organization's efforts in The Seed Savers Exchange: The First Ten Years, 1975~1985 , a collection of the best arti- cles from their annual publ ications. The 416-page paperback includes interviews with leading collectors and articles on how to pollinate plants and how to save and store seed. Send $15.00 (postpaid) to: Seed Savers Exchange, P.0. Box 70, Decorah, IA 52101. ( Source : Rodale's Organic Gardening , May 1987 , Vol.34, No. 5, page 38). TNPS T-SHIRTS The Passionflower and the Society name are print ed in black on a variety of colored shirts — light blue, lilac (purple), red, yellow and pink. Specify long- or short-sleeves sizes S to XL. Both styles are 50/50 polyester/cotton blend premium quality shirts. (Special orders upon request — size, color, fabric — 100% cotton, etc.) Short-sleeves $6.00, and long-sleeves $8.50. Add $1.50 for postage and handling for each shirt. (TN residents add ~]% sales tax). Make check or money order payable to the 'Tennessee Native Plant Society', and send order to: Ruth Lassiter, 110 S. Tampa Lane, Oak Ridge, TN 37830. ARTICLES OF INTEREST The May 1987 issue of Rodale's Organic Gardening Magazine (Vol. 34, No. 5) has an article entitled "Wildflowers For A Sunny Border" by Harry Phillips. It tells how to incorporate six native plants into a perennial border, with a garden layout in- cluded! (For a free list of wildflower weed and propagated-pl ant sources, send a self-addressed, stamped business-size envelope to: Wildflowers, R0G Reader Service, 33 E. Minor St., Emmaus, PA 18098. You might also inquire about a back issue.) The May 1 987 issue of SOUTHERN LIVING Magazine has an interesting article on the red wildflowers entitled, "Flowers Wild and Red", by Linda C. Askey, pages 98-100. If you want a list of wildflower sources, send a business-size SASE to: Red Wildflower Editor, SOUTHERN LIVING, Box C-119, Birmingham, AL 35282. BACK ISSUES of the Tennessee Native Plant Society Newsletter are available for $1.00 If you fail to receive a newsletter, receive one that is poorly printed or mutilated in the mail, or have any other problems pertaining to the newsletter, please bring it to the attention of the Editor, P.0. Box 525, Knoxville, TN 37901 FOOTNOTE : At the time this Newsletter went to the printers, no field trip reports for April and May~ 1987, had been received. PLANTING A LIVING LEGACY The Commission on the Bicentennial of the United States Constitution has developed a project entitled "Plant a Living Legacy", in which citizens all over the United States will be encouraged to plant a new garden, restore an existing garden or park. plant trees and flowers along public streets add roadways or identify and preserve natural areas in an effort to commemorate the signing of the U.S. Constitution. The "Living Legacy" project was developed by a special committee, formed by the Commission, composed of such groups as the American Association of Nurserymen, the American Society for Landscape Architects, the American Forestry Association, the National Council of State Garden Clubs and three dozen other major businesses and service organizations. Mrs. Richard E. Prince, the arboriculture chairman for the National Council is involved with "A Quarter Century of Trees" for the Bicentennial Cel ebrat ion. in order to be recognized as official "Living Legacy Projects" by the Bicentennial Commission, local projects must have a long-term maintenance plan, and they must be on publicly-owned land or property that may be opened to the public. Specific ideas for such projects include refurbishing your town's courthouse square or grounds of a public building, research the history of trees in your town, and where feasible, replacing species that were part of the historical design; creating a garden, or park for the handicapped or elderly; or identifying and preserving the remains of a native prai rie, etc. Each local project developed will be dedicated on September 17, 1987, the 200th anniversary of the signing of the Constitution in Philadelphia. The "Plant a Living Legacy Project" provides a challenging opportunity for garden club members to get involved in the celebration of the Bicentennial of the Constitu- tion. By doing so, you will be providing a lasting legacy while also reflecting one of the major interests of our founding fathers, who were in many ways tied to the land they loved. The Chairman believes a number of wildf lower projects would qualify for this recog- nition ! For more information on how you might become involved in this project, write to: "Living Legacy Project", Commission on the Bicentennial of the United States Consti- tution, 73^ Jackson Place, N.W., Washington, DC 20503. (Reprinted with permission from the National Council of State Garden Clubs, Inc., Operation Wildflower Newsletter, The Columbine , January, 1987, Vol . 7, No. 1, pages k- 5.) FROM THE BOOKSHELF DICTIONARY OF PLANT NAMES-The pronunciation, derivation and meaning of botanical names, and their common-name equivalents, by Allen J. Coombes. Printed in Finland. Second impression 1986. Published by TIMBER PRESS, 9999 S.W. Wilshire, Portland, OR 97225. (ISBN 0-88192-023-1) Landscaping With Wildflowers & Native Plants . 93 pages. Ortho Books, 198 h. Inexpensive book with plenty of information. Covers native plant communities; how to design a wildflower garden; collecting, storing and sowing seeds; propagation by cuttings, layering, root division and bulbs. Lists of plants for creative forest, meadow, prairie, alpine, desert, rock, gardens. Sources of native plants and seeds. Softcover $5-95. 12 Wildf lowers of the Llano Estacado by Francis L. Rose and Russell W. Strandtmann. The Llano Estacado (Staked Plains) or Southern High Plains is a 34,000 square mile mesa that extends from Midland in the south to Amarillo in the North and from Crosbyton, Texas in the east to near Clovis, New Mexico. The treatment of the wildf lowers of this majestic grassland took over ten years. The 100 pages of text includes sections on the origin of the Llano Estacado, habitat types, weather patterns, a key to. the families of flowering plants in the area, flowering schedules, vocabulary and index. Wildf lowers are arranged according to family, and most plants have a separate section that includes when and where they are most apt to be found, along with derivations of the family, generic and common names. The 141 full color pictures are arranged six to a page and each is identified. Written for the layman, the hardcover book is equally at home in the field and on the coffee table. Published by Taylor Publishing Company of Dallas, Texas. Library of Congress ISBN number 0-9617102-0-9- The au- thors are a Professor and Horn Professor Emeritus respectively in the Biological Sciences Department at Texas Tech University. Each has spent over 20 years on the Llano Estacado and the book on wildf lowers represents their passionate interest in a subject and an area long neglected by comparable treatments of the State's flora. Checks and money orders ($15-95 plus $2.40 State and local tax, handling and ship- ping per copy) should be made out to 1 Rose-Strandtmann ' and mailed to: Wildf lowers of the Llano Estacado, 3403 Canyon Road, Lubbock, TX 79403- Telephone inquiries are welcome: (806)765-6129. (Presentation including slides by Dr. Francis L. Rose is available to organizations.) Growing and Propagating Wildf lowers by Harry Phillips. 331 pages. The University of North Carol i na Press , 1 985- Extensive information on growing and propagating many species of wildflowers. Covers collecting, cleaning, and storing seed; dorman- cy and pre-germination techniques; and propagation, cultivation and landscape uses for each plant. Includes a chart of production timetables. Hardcover, $24.95; soft- cover, $14.95- Photograph Flowers, Plants & Landscapes . Derek Fell. HP Books. What to shoot; when and where to find it; guide to artistic composition; color, texture, and form; get- ting up close; shooting the long view; working with artificial and natural light; choosing equipment; selling pictures; charts and horticultural information. An in- expensive, but excellent book. Softcover , $7 - 95 - A Garden of Wildflowers by Henry W. Art. 304 pages. Garden Way Publishing, 1985- A superb, fully illustrated and comprehensive book on growing native wildflowers anywhere in the U.S. A thorough identification section covers 101 species, each accompanied by botanical ly accurate drawings. Cultural requirements, flowering sea- sons, and other information is given. Softcover $12.95- GARDENING BOOK SUPPLIERS Capability's Books, The Gardening Bookstore, Box 114 Highway 46, Deer Park, Wl 54007 Garden Book Network, Horticultural Publishing Co., Ill N. Canal St., Suite 545, Chi- cago, IL 60606-7203 Garden Way Publishing, Storey Communications, Inc., Schoolhouse Rd . , Pownal, VT 05261 I. LEVENSON-GARDEN BOOKS, 58 Berkshire Road, Great Neck, NY 11023 Rodale Books, Emmaus, PA l8099 - 0008 Most bookstores can "special order" books for you, or use your public library. - 13 - For your own enjoyment . . . and to support Wildlife Conservation . . . Advance Subscription Deadline: June 13, 1987 ,A.merica the Beautiful. Yesterday. Today. And tomorrow. With that vision half a century ago, America’s pre-eminent Conservation Organization, the National Wildlife Federation, inaugurated its famous series of annual Wildlife Conservation Stamps. Today, they are an American tradition, anticipated and sought after by collectors young and old. And admired for the important part they have played on behalf of America s priceless natural legacy. Yet, none of them have been postage stamps. Now, at last, to reflect the spirit of this tradition as its 50th year approaches, the United States will issue The Wildlife of the 50 States: Fifty remarkable postage stamps. Every one the work of artist Chuck Ripper — famous for his designs for many Wildlife Conservation Stamps themselves. Each identified with one of the states. First Editions of the stamps are not generally available Stamps of The Wildlife of the 50 States will be sought after by philatelists, and legions of conservationists and devotees of wildlife art. Of course, all the stamps will someday be available at Post Offices across. the Nation. But, obtaining First Editions of the stamps is a different matter. For, comparatively few complete collections of the coveted Official First Day Covers — bearing the special “First Day of Issue” postmark applied by the U.S. Postal Service will be available. And, then, only to those who have made special arrangements. Exceedingly rare event underscores the world-wide significance These stamps will first be issued on June 13, 1987, at the year's major international philatelic exhibition in Toronto, Canada. Thus, the First Editions will be certified by the postmark of a special, temporary U.S. Post Office outside the country — itself a rare and interesting event. Only on June 14th will the stamps be available at Post Offices across the United States. Today, you can place an advance reservation for the Official First Day Cover Collection authorized by the National Wildlife Federation itself. For your own enjoyment. And for wildlife conservation. For, a portion of the proceeds of these collections will support the far-reaching work of the Federation. Beautiful original works of wildlife art enhance each Official First Day Cover Significantly, each First Day Cover will bear a matching original work of art created for this collection by American wildlife artist Don Balke. As marvelous as the stamps them- selves, Balke’s paintings are expressive and richly detailed. From California’s agile Sea Lion and New York’s industrious Beaver . to the majestic symbol of the Nation itself, the Bald Eagle . . . Balke’s works capture the timeless language of nature that so enriches America the beautiful. Authenticated by experts Complete with a custom-designed album Yes, this is a collection to be enjoyed, shared and examined again and again. Each collection will be authenticated by Feder- ation experts and includes — at no additional charge a deluxe album. The reverse of each Cover contains authoritative informa- tion and shows the range of each species. An accompanying Certificate attests to the collection’s limited edition status. Although this collection presents the rich panorama of Deluxe Album at no extra cost. America’s wildlife as never before, the inclusive original issue price is only $2.79 per First Day Cover. There are no additional charges. A $10 deposit reserves the complete collection, with the balance payable in seven monthly installments of just $ 1 8.50. All payments can be made by credit card. Your money will be promptly refunded if you are not completely satisfied. Advance Subscription Deadline: June 13, 1987 Today, do take advantage of your opportunity to acquire The Wildlife of the 50 States Collection. Remember, acceptance of orders can be guaranteed only if received by the First Day of Issue, June 13, 1987. Shipment will be made eight to ten weeks after the First Day of Issue. Mail or telephone your order today for this important collection to Fleetwood, which has been appointed by the National Wildlife Federation to produce the collections and to process and fulfill all orders. The address is: Fleetwood, One Unicover Center, Cheyenne, Wyoming 82008. (Telephone Toll Free 1-800-443-3232.) RESERVATION FORM Official First Day Cover Collection of the Wildlife of the 50 States Advance Subscription Deadline: June 13, 1987 National Wildlife Federation do Fleetwood One Unicover Center Cheyenne, Wyoming 82008-0001 Please accept my reservation for Official First Day Cover Collections of the Wildlife of the 50 States at $2.79 inclusive per First Day Cover, including deluxe album. For each collection, I will pay a $ 1 0 deposit now and the balance in seven monthly installments of $ 1 8 50. I prefer to pay: □ Directly. My check for$ isenclosed. Bill me the balance. □ By Credit Card. Bill $10 per collection and the balance in install- ments as due to my account: □ MasterCard □ Visa □ Diners Club □ American Express Card Number Exp. ° All Orders MUST be Signed Mr./Mrs./Miss/Ms PLEASE PRINT All App.KA.on. arc Subiecl to Acceptance Address — — City — State Zip Code National Wildlife Federation. Washington. D C., is America's largest conservation organization Fleetwood. America's foremost First Day Cover producer, is a division of Unicover Corporation Not affiliated with the U.S. Postal Service. 54CB-DJ01 •>1907 NWF I - 14 - Continuing' Education Series on Bulbs for American Gardens “WILD TULIPS OF THE WORLD” Prolong the tulip season in your garden with Wild Tulips. Some bloom before hybrid tulips have started, and others outlast even the latest blooming Dutch varieties. T «- first mention of wild tulips was made in 1554 by Busbequius, an Austrian ambas- sador, who sent some bulbs he obtained in Istanbul to his friend, Carolus Clusius in Vienna. The renowned Flemish botanist continued to collect and describe wild tulip specimens that he found on expeditions to Spain, Portugal and Gibraltor. Later, As Curator of the Bo- tanical Gardens in Leiden, Clusius introduced his bulbs to Holland. Dutch plantsmen hy- bridized his wild tulips to produce many of the commercial varieties available today. What is a “wild tulip?” Wild tulips grow naturally in their native habitats, without the interference of man. Genetically, each wild tulip possesses a unique and manifest personality in its flower, its foliage, its seed. Free from the hybridization efforts of man, wild tulips remain Nature’s mirror of the tide and texture of their native lands. The bulbs are smaller than hybridized varieties— about '/s the size. Wild tulips produce compact plants, and their stems (none is taller than a 12” ruler) hold their flowers with unusual grace and charm. Leaves are often thin, unlike any tulips you’ve grown before. Some leaves are even grey and nave distinct wavy edges or red margins. Wild Tulips are easy to grow Manv wild tulips are easy to grow, and the reason is simple: tulips that grow freely in a hostile environment readily adjust to well- tended soil. Of course, ail tulips need sharp drainage and enjov sun. But don t pamper these bulbs. Left aione, they quickly become established, either self-seeding or propagating by stolons under the surface of the soil. The bulbs are hardy in Zones 4 through 8. Wild Tulips for the Deep South If vou garden in the Deep South or Southern California, please order Wild Tulips for Southern Gardens. The tulips in this collec- tion do not need cold to flower and are peren- nial in Zones 9 and 10. We’ve selected two of the species described below, Tulipa sylvestru and """ii'i and two additional species: Tulipa cluaiana chrysantha, a deep yellow tulip from Pakistan and Tulipa cluaiana, a white tulip banded with crimson. This collec- tion consists of 32 bulbs, 8 of each species. Complete planting instructions Plant vour wild tulips in Autumn, but not a dav before mid-October. While the date may seem late to sou, it’s right for these bulbs. Experts like Brian Mathew and the late Sir Daniel Hall recommend planting depths of 6” to 8”. Our comprehensive planting instruc- tions tell you whv, then show you how. Collection I WILD TULIPS OF THE MEDITERRANEAN 30 bulbs, 6 of each species SI 8.95 postpaid Tulipa orphanidea flava, a Greek tulip with several starry golden flowers on a stem, each petal slashed and shaded garnet red. In Sicilv, the multiflowercrd, bright yellow Tulipa sylvestris displays its curiously curled, sweetly scented petals. Tulipa marjoletti inhabits the Savoy Alps in Southern France; the creamy white flowers are edged in cherry, like a French confection. Hidden in the rocky foothills of Bulgaria grows Tulipa whittallii, a self-seeding, red- petaled tulip with a greenish buff. Tulipa saxitilis, a native to the Isle of Crete, pushes lilac pink flowers through large-leaved ivy in the Minoan ruins at Knossos. Collection II WILD TULIPS OF ASIA 36 bulbs, 6 of each species $19.95 postpaid The creamy vcllow Tulipa batalinii “Bright Gem” hides in the Pamir Alai mountain range in Central Asia, at the border of Kashmir. In Northwest Iran, now closed to collectors, Tulipa eichleri is an early- flowering scarlet red tulip with a black base. Tulipa kolpakowskiana fills the rocky bluffs of Soviet Asia with its yellow petals streaked with red. The violet, oval buds of Tulipa pulchella vio- lacea arc found in the ancient Cappadocia re- gion of modem Turkey. From Northwest China, Tulipa turkestanica has several white flowers per stem, each with a yellow eye that hides from the clouds. Tulipa urumiensis, a yellow multiflowcred tulip with a bronze tint, grows wild near Lake Rezaiveh in Iran. Available by Advance Reservation Only While McCLURE & ZIMMERMAN offers many separate wild tulip species in our catalog for bulb enthusiasts, the Wild Tulips Collec- tions are available only through Advanced Re- servation. The number of collections is limited to three per person. To secure your Wild Tulips Collcction(s) and a copy of our catalog— please post your advance reservation to us no later than JUNE 30, 1987. 100% Money- Back or Complete Replacement Guarantee Your purchase includes our 100% Mono - Back or Complete Replacement Guarantee. You must be delighted with your bulbs upon receipt, and after bloom. If not) just wnte us within one year of vour delivery date. You take absolutely no risk. Note: all wild tulips arc harvested from cominer- rial sources. RESERVATION APPLICATION | I NK 30, 1987 Respond by: Limit: Three collections per customer ’lease accept my reservation for: ____ Wild Tulips Collection I — SI 8.95 Wild Tulips Collection II - SI 9.95 Wild Tulips for the South — S 19.00 _____ Both Tulip Collections I & II — S32.95 _____ Send me your FREE bulb catalog. ; Illinois residents add 6% sales tax) _______ I enclose mv check or money order Use my credit card: __ Mastercard _ Acer. No Exp. Date . Signature ______ Ship to (please print): Name - Address ... Visa -Zip • City ' — Stare - Phone ( ) - We’ll acknowledge receipt of your order. Delivery: Wild Tulip Collection* s) are delivered in mid-October with complete planting instructions. Som\ wild rulips are not available prior to 10/1/87 oJVPClure &Zimmermcm QUALITY FLOWERBULB BROKERS 1422 WEST THORNDALE • CHICAGO. ILLINOIS 60660 - 15 - NAT I VE PLANT/SEED SOURCES SINKI NG Route 1 We are NEW on the scene. Just decided to open for business last Summer. Bought our license, had our nursery inspected and approved by the State, and are now ready to offer you a wide selection of native wildflower plants; plus some from as far away as Australia, Japan, England, and West Germany. We do not plan to ship. We would rather let you come to our nursery and hand pick the plants that you want. We want to thank everyone that has come to just visit and/or patronize our nursery. You are welcome to come anytime. Please just give us a call for directions, and to let us know when to expect you. For a list of our plants, please send a SASE to: SINKING SPRINGS GARDENS, Route 1 Box 93A, Clinton, TN 37716; call (615)457-1864. ^SPRINGS GARDENS Box 93A Clinton, TN 37716 Phone (615) 457-1864 Jim 8 Mearl Macres VIGOROUS, NURSERY-GROWN WILDFLOWERS for all wi ldf lower gardens , rich or poor soil, shady or sunny conditions, natural areas or established gardens. Showy, reliable, easy. 32-page booklet describes species, gives cultural requirements, and suggests landscape uses and combina- tions-^ .00. SUNLIGHT GARDENS, Route 3 Box 286-T, Loudon, TN 37774. We also offer complete landscaping services using native plants. Call (615)986-6071 . PLANTS AND SEEDS of your favorite TENNESSEE WILD- FLOWERS. Our stock is 1 00% nursery propagated. Most of our stock is grown in containers which assures your success at almost any season of the year. We have selections for most garden condi- tions from woodland to meadows and our catalogue includes all the information you need to help you choose the best plants for your situation. We also have design, consultation and landscaping services available should you need help with small or large projects. Send a SASE for informative catalogue to: NATIVE GARDENS, Route 1 Box 494, Greenback, TN 37742. .Native (gardens Route 1 Box 494 Greenback, TN 37742 Home Grown Wildflowers. Traditional Garden Perennials. Large selection of plants and seed available. Quality guaranteed. Cata- log $1.00, refundable with order. NATURAL GARDENS, 113 Jasper Lane, Oak Ridge, TN 37830. •qoea 00' 1$ aiqeijeAe sanssi >peg 'aoueApe uj s>|33M xjs sssjppe uj aSueqo sn A^jqou aseaig * 00 L l ~966Z.£ N1 ‘ailiAxou» ‘aassauuax jo A} i s J9A i upi gqx ‘Aueqog x° TuauiuedaQ aq,} q} ; uoiqeposse ui (jaqiuaoag pue ‘jaqoqoo ‘}sn6n\/ ‘aunp ‘Ajenjqaj) Aiqquoujjq paqsjiqnd s| jaqqai sm9n Aqajoos jueig aAijeN aassauuax aqx *t)<*xoux ‘UU«X I O •MWfl 0«Vd s*n ■SjO hjoi^-uo* paqsanbay uotaoaxioo ssgjppv OOU-9664E 33SS3NN3X '311IAXONX 33SS3NN31 30 AJ.ISU3 AIND 3Hi !N3WldVd3a ANY lOQ A13I3DS INVld 3AIJLVN 33SS3NN31 1987 TNPS Officers and Board of Directors PRESIDENT: RECORDING SECRETARY: MIDDLE DIRECTOR: Scott C. Gunn Ni ta Hei lman Kay Jones 101 Spring Street 429 Rivermont Drive Route 3, Box 736B Ashland City, TN 37015 Clarksville, TN 37043 Double Branch Road (615)792-4463 (H) (615)645-9338 (H) Columbia, TN 38401 (615)742-6551 (W) (615)388-8373 (H) EAST DIRECTOR: (615)388-3145 (w) VICE-PRESIDENT: Dr. Duane F. Houck Dennis Horn Div. of Natural Science WEST DIRECTOR: 222 Crestwood Drive Dept, of Biology Lois P. Lord Tull ahoma , TN 37388 Southern Missionary College Dept, of Biology (615)455-5742 (H) Col legedale, TN 37315 Lambeth College (615)455-2611, Ext. 7447 (W) (615)396-2615 (H) Jackson, TN 38301 TREASURER: EAST DIRECTOR: (615)427-1500 (W) Shirley Nicholson A1 Foster WEST DIRECTOR: 6806 Haverhill Drive 110 Dale Road Frances Spence Knoxville, TN 37909 P.0. Box 416 3610 Cowden (615)588-6976 (H) Norris, TN 37828 Memphis, TN 38111 (615)452-6982 (H) (615)494-0951 CORRESPONDING SECRETARY: Andrea Shea MIDDLE DIRECTOR: EDITOR-IN-CHIEF: TN Dept, of Transportation Sandra D. Bivens Mark L. Fuzek Suite 900, Polk Bldg. 3504 General Bates Drive P.0. Box 525 Nashville, TN 37219 Nashville, TN 37204 Knoxville, TN 37901 (615)741-6835 (W) (615)292-9684 (H) (615)525-3651 (H) (615)333-2867 (H) (61-5) 352-6299 (W) TENNESSEE NATIVE PLANT SOCIETY NEWSLETTER Volume 10, Number 4 August 1987 The Tennessee Native Plant Society was founded in 1978 as a botanical club for all persons interested in the native flora of Tennessee. Its purpose is to promote interest in plant identification, folklore, grow- ing native plants from seeds and cuttings, landscaping with native plants, preserving natural areas and protecting rare plants. PRESIDENT'S MESSAGE Summer is on its way out. The heat may belie the impending cool of autumn, but plants tell the truth. Many trees already are turning. Little herbaceous understory is left and the decaying vegetation makes the woods smell a certain way. But this is good news! Grasses are having a field day (of course) and asters will be at their best. These signs also remind us that there remain a number of excel- lent field trips before winter sets in. So, as they come up, try your best to be a participant. Having said that, I will remark about the spring annual meeting held this past June 5, 6 and 7 at Pickett State Park. The weather could have been no bettei — all sunshine and temperatures not too hot. The late spring flora was in fine form. Among all we saw: Viburnum dentatum in flower; a plethora of fruit-laden ninebark ( Physocarpus opul ifol ius ) ; an abundance of one of my favorites, gay wings ( Pol yga 1 a pauci fol ia ) - in fruit, it stumped everyone for a time; shiny green clones of Gay- lussacia brachysera with sweet huckleberries; the local round-leaved catch-fly ( S i 1 ene~ rotund i fol ia ) - its spectacular orange-red flowers were at their peak; Arena r i a cumber 1 andens i s , the endemic rockhouse sandwort, just about ready to open its flowers; the famed Tat least around here) Cumberland rosemary ( Conradina verti- cil 1 ata ) with its diminutive rose corollas and pungent foliage; at least two azalea species in flower and some absolutely beautiful scenery. Regrettably, all this was enjoyed by no more than 13 TNPS'ers, the peak numr ber for our big Saturday excursion along the Clear Fork in the Big South Fork of the Cumberland National Recreation Area. Eleven people came in on Friday night. Only eight remained until Sunday. It is most unfortunate that we had such a small turnout for this single most important TNPS gathering of the year. If either or both the timing or location for our spring meeting were poor choices, please com- municate this to me or any other of the officers. We desire your involvement and your profit from being a member of TNPS. To finish on a bit more upbeat note, I have the following to report. Since its inception in 1978, the Tennessee Native Plant Society has never had a charter, meaning that we never have been, nor are we now, registered with the Tennessee Secretary of State as a non-profit corporation. We have not been official for all of our nearly ten years! Well, that is about to change. The ball has started to 2 roll, and barring unforeseen problems, we should very soon haps even by the time you read this! Next, we will tackle with the IRS. In the meantime, enjoy the summer (while it see you on a field trip somewhere soon. have a charter, per- our tax-exempt status lasts) , and I hope to — Scott C. Gunn Editor's Note : Since the issuance of the June News 1 etter , I have returned to school to work towards an Associate Degree in the Pharmacy Technician program at Draughons Junior College. While school is my priority now, I am hoping to be able to continue as Editor-in-Chief and still maintain production of an informa- tive newsletter. I will need vour cooperation by getting materials to me on or before the deadline. Also, I am asking a 1 1 members to put out your "feelers" and inform me of pertinent articles from newspapers, magazines, books or other sources; so send them to me. With your help, 1 can remain your faithful and dedicated Editor-in-Chief. DEADLINE FOR MATERIALS FOR THE OCTOBER ISSUE IS NO LATER THAN SEPTEMBER 10. 1987 ! Please send contributions to: Mark L. Fuzek, Edi- tor- i n-Ch ief , P.0. Box 525, Knoxville, TN 37901, or call ( 6 1 5 ) 525“ 3 65 1 - FIELD TRIP REPORTS SHORT SPRINGS NATURE AREA, Tul lahoma— Apr i 1 3, 1987 The on-rush of Spring was in full swing on March 29 when Sherry and I led the Scotts and the Jones from Columbia, 'Bus' Jones and Chuck Wilson from Chattanooga, Dick and Viola Sooy and Wendy and Rodger Walden from Michigan into the Short Springs area to scout the area a week prior to the TNPS field trip. The group had driven from Chattanooga that morning to see and photograph the Southern Tway- blade ( Li stera austra 1 i s ) near Manchester. Little did we know that three days before the TNPS field trip the next Sunday, two inches of snow would have fallen. By the day of the field trip, the weather had mellowed, but Spring was on hold. Nevertheless, we had approximately 25 participants altogether, including TNPS members and local visitors invited by the Tul lahoma Historical Society, who was a co-sponsor. Other TNPS members be- sides Sherry and 1 taking part in the hike were B.F. and Jean Jones (Cookeville), Bertha and Jim Chrietzberg (Murfreesboro), Margaret Mann, Bob Brown and his mo- ther (Nashville), Marjorie Collier, and Jack and Dorthey Carman. I apologize for anyone I may have failed to mention. We found most of the Spring flora in bloom in spite of the cooler weather. In- cluded among those we saw were: barren strawberry ( Waltsteinia fragariodes ) , bluebells ( Mertensia virglnica ), large- flowered bel 1 wort ( Uvularia grand i flora ) , large-flowered trill? um ( TrilTium grand if lorum ) , Southern red tr i 1 1 i urn ( Tr i lli urn su 1 catum ) , Dutchman's breeches ( D~icentra cucullaria ), blood root ( Sanguinar ia canadens i s ) , wood anemone ( Anemone qu i nquefol ia ) ^ Fue-anemone ( Tha 1 i ctrum tha 1 - i ctro i des ) , white violet ( Viola striata ), and many, many more. We saw three of the several waterfalls and dripping springs which are located on the Short Springs tract. The "parquet floor", which we found in the stream bed above - 3 - Busby Falls, is the result of the Chattanooga shale layers having been cut by years of water erosion. The area has been proposed as a State Natural Area and it is certainly worthy of that protection. — Dennis and Sherry Horn SYNANDRA HISPIDULA HIKE, Jackson and Overton Count i es--May 16, 1987 A good mixture of amateur botanists and bird-watchers, eighteen in all, parti- cipated in this hike (see list below). Assembling in Cookeville, the group made its way to Roaring River Valley in Jackson County by a circuitous route that dramatically revealed the hilly terrain of the site — a site which affords a rich habitat of loosely packed loess on steep bluffs, punctuated periodically by seeps and washes. Vegetation is abundant, but low rainfall this spring seems to have affected both the rhythm and tenacity of plants in the area. Wildflow- ers, in other words, are coming and going earlier this year. The group, nevertheless, observed Actaea pachypoda (white baneberry) , Pol ygona- tum cana 1 i cu 1 atum (great Solomon 1 s sea 1 ) , Polygonatum biflorum (Solomon's seal), Scrophularia lanceolata (figwort), Silene virginica (fire pink), Hybanthus con - color (green violet), Asclepias quadrifolia (four-leaved milkweed), Glechoma hederacea (gill -over-the-ground) , Tradescantia subaspera (zigzag spiderwort) , Thasp i urn barb i node (ha i ry-jo i nted meadow parsnip), Verbena canadensis (rose ver- va i n) , Euphorb i a mercur i a 1 i na , and lodanthus pinnatifidus (purple rocket). Large stands of Hydrophyllum canadensis (broad- 1 eaved waterleaf) and Swert ia carol in i- ens ? s (American col umbo) were also present. Participants on this field trip included my wife, Jean and me (Cookeville), Bill and Kay Jones (Columbia), Yoshiko McCullough (Nashville), Nita and Annie Heilman (Clarksville), Richard Simmers (Cookeville), Louise Pearson (Oak Ridge), Mildred Lassiter (Cookeville), Bob Brown (Nashville), Norma Brown (Nashville), Adam Tur- tle (Livingston), Juanita Shett 1 esworth (Cookeville), Margaret Mann (Nashville), Dennis and Sherry Horn (Tullahoma) and Betty Richards (Nashville). — B. F. Jones JUO..L.LJLJLJLJLJL /\ /\ /\ /» A ** A ! 1ATTENT I ON FIELD TRIP LEADERS!! It is your responsibility to send the editor details of your scheduled field trip as soon as it is planned. A field trip that has been printed in the News- letter can always be cancelled if necessary; however, if the details are not received, they will be omitted. It is not the editor's responsibility to call or write and beg for information. Also, field trip leaders are responsible for writing a field trip report, or at least the particulars. These reports not only interest our members, but are permanent records of these events. If you need field trip announcement forms or report forms, please send your request to the editor. Your cooperation is greatly appreciated. CALENDAR OF EVENTS August 15 August 15 & 16 August 29 September 5 & 6 September 1 1 , 12 S 13 September 26 October 24 October 10, 11 & 12 October 17 SUMMER WILDFLOWERS AND CAVE TRIP , South Cumberland Recreational Area, Grundy County, Tennessee Trails Association, TNPS Field Trip. Contact leader: Bertha Chrietzburg; (615)896-1146. (De- tails in this Newsletter) CHEROKEE NATIONAL FOREST (TELL 1 CO RIVER AREA) , Monroe County. Contact leader: Harold Scott, Route 9 Box 223, Columbia, TN 38401, or call (615)388-0850. (Details in this Newsletter) BIG HILL POND STATE NATURAL AREA (Silene ovata) SEARCH , McNairy County . Contact leader: Vernon Bates; (901 )365 _ 901 5 (H) . (De- tails in this Newletter) FROZEN HEAD STATE NATURAL AREA— 1st ANNUAL SUMMER WILDFLOWER WALKS . Wildflower walks will be conducted at 10:00 a.m. and 2:00 p.m. on Saturday, September 5, and at 2:00 p.m. on Sunday, Sep- tember 6. For further information, contact: David Engebretson, Frozen Head State Natural Area, Route 3 Box 1302, Wartburg, TN 37887; (615)346-3318. ROAN MOUNTAIN STATE PARK— 25th ANNUAL ROAN MOUNTAIN NATURALISTS 1 RALLY . Celebrate a quarter-century of fellowship and nature ex- ploration with this weekend of guest speakers and naturalist guided hikes. For further information, contact: Carter County Chamber of Commerce; (61 5) 543~21 22. ORCHIDS (Spirantes) and COMPOSITES (Silphium) , Jackson County, AL and Franklin County, TN. Contact leader: Chuck Wilson; (615) 751-2479 (H) , (6l5)875“9625 (W) . (Details in this Newsletter) STAGECOACH ROAD GRASS-OF-PARNASSUS HIKE , Grundy County. TNPS Field Trip. Contact leader: Randy Hedgepath, South Cumberland State Recreational Area, Route 1 Box 144H, Tracy City, TN 37387; (615)942-2956 or (615)942-2980. SOUTH CUMBERLAND STATE RECREATIONAL AREA— COLOR PILGRIMAGE. Meet at the Stone Door Station for numerous walks to see the fall colors. For further information, contact: Randy Hedgepath, South Cumberland State Recreational Area, Route 1 Box 144H, Tracy City, TN 37387; (615)942-2956 or (615)942-2980. FROZEN HEAD STATE NATURAL AREA— 5th ANNUAL FALL COLORS HORSEBACK TRAIL RIDE . 10:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. For further information, con- tact: David Engebretson, Frozen Head State Natural Area, Route 2 Box 1302, Wartburg, TN 37887; (615)346-3318. "Who loves a garden still his Eden keeps, Perennial pleasures plants, and wholesome harvests reaps." — Amos Bronson Alcott (1868) - 5 - - AUGUST FIELD TRIPS- - CHEROKEE NATIONAL FOREST— TELL I CO RIVER AREA, MONROE COUNTY DATES: Saturday, August 15, 1987 and Sunday, August 16, 1987 TIME: 10:00 a.m. CDT MEETING Meet at the Scott's cabin, 20 miles up the mountain from Tellico PLACE: Plains, TN. Follow signs to Pheasant Fields Trout Rearing Pools, cross bridge, turn right, and go 100 yards to parking area. Their cabin is across the walking bridge over the Sycamore Creek. LEADERS: Nancy and Harold Scott, and Bill and Kay Jones. For further infor- mation, write to: Scotts, Route 9 Box 223, Columbia, TN 38401 or call (615)388-0850. Accomodations available at Green Cove Motel on Tellico Road. Rooms have kitchen- ettes. There are no restaurants or groceries available (few at the motel) except at Tellico Plains and Madisonvi 1 le. Call Green Cove Motel at (61 5) 253 _ 2069 for reservations. There are also numerous campgrounds all around. **Anyone interested in having a hamburger cookout with chips and brown- ies and BY0B on Saturday night the 15th, send $2.00 each and reserva- tions ahead of time to: Scotts, Route 9 Box 223, Columbia, TN 38401; or call (615)388-0850 . ** On Saturday, meet at the Scott's cabin at 10:00 a.m. CDT for an easy walk up Syca- more Creek Road. Last year, they saw three-bird's orchid ( Triphora tr iantaphora ) , small green wood orchid ( Platanthera clavellata ), yellow fringed, adder's tongue, cranefly, Virginia meadow beauty. ..and Nature Extraordinary, Magnificent and Breath-taking! The Sunday hike will be a choice of several trails. ..to be deter- mined by flower abundance. SUMMER WILDFLOWERS AND CAVE TRIP SOUTH CUMBERLAND RECREATIONAL AREA, GRUNDY COUNTY DATES: Saturday, August 15, 1987 TIME: 9:00 a.m. CDT MEETING Meet at the South Cumberland Recreational Area Visitors Center. PLACE: From 1-24, take the Monteag 1 e-Tracy City exit towards Tracy City, on Hwy. 56 . Follow signs, and make a left turn into the park-- about 3 miles from 1-24. LEADERS: Bertha Chrietzburg, hike leader; and Randy Hedgepath, cave tour leader. For further information, contact: Bertha Chrietzburg, 1715 Elrod Street, Murfreesboro, TN 37130; (615)896-1146. The wildflower hike will be in the morning behind the Visitors Center. Wear ten- nis shoes for the hike. Some of the wildf lowers to be seen are: Ros i nweed , Liatri s , Habenaria cristata , yel low-f ringed orchid, and others. Bring a picnic lunch and water. In the afternoon, Randy Hedgepath will lead a tour through the cave. Wear hiking boots and appropriate clothing, as the cave is a cool 58°F. Also bring a flashl ight. - 6 - AUGUST FIELD TRIPS BIG HILL POND STATE NATURAL AREA— (Silene ovata) SEARCH DATE: Saturday, August 29, 1987 TIME: 10:00 a.m. CDT MEETING PLACE: Downtown Ramer on Hwy. 57 at the railroad crossing, about 7 miles due south of Selmer. Ramer i s LEADER: Vernon Bates, 3228 South Mendenhall #3, Memphis, TN 365-9015 (H) 38115; (901) On our way from Ramer to Big Hill Pond State Park (5 miles), we will drive through a fascinating area where Oak-Leaved Hydrangea is more than abundant. We will also stop for a moment to see probably the only known Tennessee population of Stylisma humistrata (a coastal plain species in the morning glory family). We will then continue to the Turkey Call Trail to see a small population of the rare pink, S i 1 ene ovata (it is really white, with fringed petals). We will attempt to get a good photograph of this plant! We will also try to locate other individuals in the area. Currently, I know of only 8 or 10 plants to be present here. BYOB for a picnic lunch. SEPTEMBER FIELD TRIP ORCHIDS AND SHOWY COMPOS I TES--N . E . ALABAMA TO SEWANEE DATE: Saturday, September 26, 1987 TIME: 10:00 a.m. CDT LEADERS: Chuck Wilson and Dennis Horn. Contact: Chuck Wilson, 4201 Gann Store Road, Hixon, TN 37342; (61 5) 875-9625 (W) , (61 5) 751 -2479 (H) . MEETING Meet at the McDonalds at the intersection of U.S. Hwy. 72 and PLACE: 1-24, Exit 152 to Kimball. (it's the exit with several fireworks stores, lit up like Las Vegas casinos at night!) We will drive south on U.S. Hwy. 72 to the Spriranthes odorata (Southern fra- grant ladies' tresses) site on the way to Scottsboro. After eating lunch at one of the nearby restaurants we will travel north on Alabama 117 (which becomes Tennessee Hwy. 56), stopping frequently for several sites having interesting composites such as Silphium bracteatum (Cumberland ros inweed), S i 1 ph i urn tereb i n- thinaceum var . pennet i f i da (Prairie Dock), and Echinacea purpurea (purple cone- f lower) , and ending at a pleasant spot near Sewanee for Sp i ranthes cernus (nod- ding ladies' tresses). «A| Creeping Thyme or Wild Thyme ( Thymus Serpy 1 1 urn ) - 7 - THE SECRET HEARTS OF FLOWERS STAND REVEALED IN X-RAYS Photographs by Albert G. Richards Using darkroom magic in a delicate pro cess, a professor of radiography has found a way to see familiar blossoms i n a whole new 1 ight . Twenty-five years ago Albert G. Richards, out for a noon stroll in Ann Arbor, made a modest purchase that changed his life. A store was offering daffodils at 27 cents a dozen. Richards bought some and took them back to his office at the Uni- versity of Michigan School of Dentistry, where he taught radiography to dental students and hygienists. On impulse he made a radiography (x-ray picture) of one of the flowers, and thus began the hobby that led to hundreds of beautiful images . "While many people love and appreciate flowers," he says, "they may never have realized or seen the secret beauty hid- den within the blossoms." Venation in the petals of this cosmos takes on some abstract qualities associated with poster art. Floral radiographs reveal details of the successive layers of tissue or petals. As you look at these pictures, you are looking into and right through the flowers. These images are perforce in black and white because there is no color at x-ray wavelengths. No shadows of the flowers are present in the radiographs that are comparable to shadows made by light in photographs. In preparing flowers for radiography, Richards uses blotted paper to soak up rain or dewdrops. A tiny vacuum cleaner with probes like hypodermic needles sucks up any dirt lodged within the flower. Occasionally there are surprises: the radio- graph of a rose revealed a spider and its nest deep inside the blossom. Some plants appear shy about it all. They close up when taken into the cooler, darker room where the x-ray machine is, or they wilt during the exposure. The most difficult part, Richards explains, is making a photographic print from the radiograph. The x-ray film has much wider latitude than does photographic paper, and he uses darkroom "magic" to go from one to the other without losing deta i 1 . Richards says he was hired by the University of Michigan because he had made color prints in the 1930's and "knew something about photography." He has de- grees in physics and chemical engineering, but not in dentistry. He was the first to use electron microscopy to view the internal microstructure of human teeth, and he invented the recessed cone x-ray head which is now standard equip- ment in many dental offices. He also developed an x-ray technique for obtaining - 8 - Columbine (Aquilegia "McKenna" hybr i d) fingerprints from badly burned bodies. In 1974 he was appointed to the first Distinguished Professorship in the School of Dentistry. Retired and given emeritus status by the university in 1982, Richards devotes himself to gar- dening and his basement laboratory. Seven of his floral radiographs are at the Hunt Institute for Botanical Docu- mentation at Carneg i e-Mel 1 on University in Pittsburgh. And one is in the col- lection of the J. Paul Getty Museum in Malibu, California. Richards' image was one of more than 100 flower photo- graphs from the Getty's holdings shown in an exhibit organized last year by the Detroit Institute of Arts. Reprinted with written permission from the SMITHSONIAN , Vol . 17, No. 7, October 1986, pages 88-92; and from Dr. Albert G. Richards for his photographs. (Ed. note: It is regrettable that our copying machines were not capable of showing the true, intricate beauty of the photographs, but Dr. Richards' art is unique and very fascinating! We thank Dr. Richards and the SMITHSONIAN for sharing this arti- cle with our TNPS members.) If you are interested in becoming a National Member with the Smithsonian Associates, which includes a one year's subscription to the SMITHSONIAN Magazine, fill out the form below and mail it along with the annual dues of $20 to: Smithsonian Institution, Membership Data Center, P.0. Box 55583, Boulder, Colorado 80321-5583- □ YES'. Please enroll me as a National Member in the Smithsonian Associates and start my 1 years subscription to SMITHSONIAN. MEMBER BENEFITS • 12 issues of Smithsonian Magazine * domestic and foreign travel program • book and gift discounts • Members' Reception Center and Associates’ Dining Room in Washington. D.C. * free admission to the Cooper-Hewitt Museum in New York City □ As a gift Q For myself O Myself and a gift MY NAME fplox pnntl ADDRESS CITY STATE ZIP RECIPIENT’S NAME (if phi - 9 - otpourri "A RARE OPPORTUNITY 1 1 — Would you like to have some FREE Short i a ga 1 acifol ia (Oconee Bells)? Contact Mrs. John H. Henry, Route 1, Box 2039, Lakemont, GA 30552; (404)782- 3880 for information on how to obtain these plants. FROZEN HEAD STATE NATURAL AREA conducted a survey of spring wild- 987. A total of 144 flowers from March to the end of June 20, species were found within the park; and their list is available upon request. Please send a long, SASE to: Tennessee Native Plant Society, Department of Botany University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-1100. If you have any questions or need more information, please call the park office at (615)346-3318. NATIVE AZALEAS . Mr. Bill Morton, Route 2 Box 667, Bassett, VA 24055 wants to con- tact persons interested in native azaleas who would like to trade seed, plants, or information about growing these plants. If you share this common interest, please write to Mr. Morton. ARTICLES OF INTEREST. The August-September 1 987 issue of FLOWER AND GARDEN Maga- zine (Vol . 31 , No. 5) has two interesting articles. One entitled "Saving Wild- life" by Paul F. Frese, and the other entitled "Planting For Wildlife" by Ruth Rohde Haskell. This issue should currently be available at your local newsstand or magazine dealer. If not, back issues may be obtained by sending your request and $2.00 per issue to: FLOWER AND GARDEN Magazine, 4251 Pennsylvania Avenue, Kansas City, M0 64111. (A one-year subscription is only $6.00 and for the money, you get a wealth of information in each bimonthly issue!) TNPS T-SHIRTS The Passionflower and the Society name are print ed in black on a variety of colored shirts — light blue, lilac (purple), red, yellow and pink. Specify long- or short-sleeves sizes S to XL. Both styles are 50/50 polyester/cotton blend premium quality shirts. (Special orders upon request — size, color, fabric--100% cotton, etc.) Short-sleeves $6.00, and long-sleeves $8.50. Add $1.50 for postage and handling for each shirt. (TN residents add 7 % sales tax). Make check or money order payable to the 'Tennessee Native Plant Society 1 , and send order to: Ruth Lassiter, 110 S. Tampa Lane, Oak Ridge, TN 37830. TNPS NOTECARDS Currently, two notecard sets are available: 1) The Rare and En- dangered Native Plants: Twinflower, Mountain Avens , Gray's Lily and Hart's Tongue Fern. This set consists of 12 cards, 3 of each plant design; and 2) The Appala- chian Medicinals: Wild Ginger, Pennyroyal, Mu 1 1 e i n-Aaron ' s Rod, Jimsonweed, and Pipsissewa. This set consists of 10 cards, 2 of each plant design. Price is $4.00 postage paid per set of notecards and envelopes. (Special rates are avail- able to organizations, museums, gift shops, or businesses.) Please make check or money order payable to the 'Tennessee Native Plant Society', and send your order to: Jane Beintema, 3311 Mount Vernon Drive, Knoxville, TN 37920. WELCOME TO OUR NEW MEMBERS Bonnington, Peggy, Chattanooga, TN Greenawalt, Clea, Knoxville, TN Hinton, Sherry, Oak Ridge, TN Killeffer, Mrs. Fred A., Knoxville, TN Organ, Ed, Liberty, TN Rone, Dr. S Mrs. Norman W. , McM i nnv i 1 1 e , TN Upchurch, Anne C., Knoxville, TN 10 FROM THE BOOKSHELF FALL WILDFLOWERS OF THE BLUE RIDGE AND GREAT SMOKY MOUNTAINS by Oscar W. Gupton and Fred C. Swope, x, 208 pages, 100 4- color illus. ISBN 0— 8 1 39“ 1 1 23~0. Date of publication: June 22, 1987. Oscar W. Gupton is Professor of Biology at Virgin- ia Military Institute, and Fred C. Swope is Associate Profes- sor of Biology at Virginia Military Institute. This is a comprehensive and versatile guidebook to the fall wildflowers of the Blue Ridge and Great Smoky Mountains. A rare combination of beauty and utility, this unique book will please both the novice and the experienced naturalist. Oscar W. Gupton and Fred C. Swope present for the first time many of the interesting and beautiful fruits of wildflowers that can be seen only in the autumn-- incl ud ing American Mistletoe, Common Milkweed, Sassafras, Pawpas, Lady ' s Sorrel, and Field Garlic. Information to aid in the identification of 100 species of trees, shrubs, vines, and herbs is included. Ninety-three genera and fifty families are represented by the photographed species, and 124 citations of additional species give distinguishing characteristics for identification. The plants are arranged in four groups according to fruit colors. Each is illus- trated with an outstanding full-page color photography. The description includes information about general appearance, character of the stem, leaf, fl-ora, and fruit, medicinal and culinary uses, poisonous nature, habitat, and propagation. Information about the methods and suitability of planting these flowers is domes- tic gardens is provided. The photographs were taken in the natural habitat of the plants under natural light. For review copies or further information , contact Mary Wheatley (804)924-6064. (The University Press of Virginia, Box 3608 , University Station, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903; (804)924-3468.) Permission is hereby granted to reprint material contained within this Newletter, provided proper credit is given to the author/editor and to the Tennessee Native Plant Society, Department of Botany, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville TN 37996-1100. 11 - NATIVE PLANT/SEED SOURCES SINKIng ifelpRlNGS Route 1 We are NEW on the scene. Just decided to open for business last Summer. Bought our license, had our nursery inspected and approved by the State, and are now ready to offer you a wide selection of native wildflower plants; plus some from as far away as Australia, Japan, England, and West Germany. We do not plan to ship. We would rather let you come to our nursery and hand pick the plants that you want. We want to thank everyone that has come to just visit and/or patronize our nursery. You are welcome to come anytime. Please just give us a call for directions, and to let us know when to expect you. For a list of our plants, please send a SASE to: SINKING SPRINGS GARDENS, Route 1 Box 93A, Clinton, TN 37716; call (615)457-1864. GARDENS Box 93A Clinton, TN 37716 Phone (615) 457-1864 Jim & Mearl Macres VIGOROUS, NURSERY-GROWN WILDFLOWERS for all wildflower gardens, rich or poor soil, shady or sunny conditions, natural areas or established gardens. Showy, reliable, easy. 32-page booklet describes species, gives cultural requirements, and suggests landscape uses and combina- tions— $1.00. SUNLIGHT GARDENS, Route 3 Box 286-T, Loudon, TN 37774. We also offer complete landscaping services using native plants. Call (615)986-6071 . PLANTS AND SEEDS of your favorite TENNESSEE WILD- FLOWERS. Our stock is 1 00% nursery propagated. Most of our stock is grown in containers which assures your success at almost any season of the year. We have selections for most garden condi- tions from woodland to meadows and our catalogue includes all the information you need to help you choose the best plants for your situation. We also have design, consultation and landscaping services available should you need help with small or large projects. Send a SASE for informative catalogue to: NATIVE GARDENS, Route 1 Box 494, Greenback, TN 37742. .Native Qardena Route 1 Box 494 Greenback , T N 37742 Home Grown Wildflowers. Traditional Garden Perennials. Large selection of plants and seed available. Quality guaranteed. Cata- log $1.00, refundable with order. NATURAL GARDENS, 113 Jasper Lane, Oak Ridge, TN 37830. •ipes 00" 1$ IP aiqeijBAe sanssi >peg ’aoueApe UI s>)33M XI s sssjppe u i 36uBip sn Ajiqou asBaid ‘0011-966 LI Ni ‘3tU AXO| j» ‘Bsssauuaj. jo i SJ3AI up aqj. ‘AuBqog go quauiq jedag aqq qqiM uojibioossb uj (jaqixaoag pus ‘jaqoqoQ ‘qsnfiny ‘aunp ‘ijjdv ‘Ajenjqaj) Aiqguounq paqsjiqnd s| jaqqaiSMaq Agajoos l UB ld SAjqeN aassauuaj_ aqg. 10 -wun otvd ’S*n •«JO »i|Oj^-oo* spjeqoiy -g JJ 3 q[\/ p[eM3 epuiq ( j 3 mo| 3 uoi ssej) uoquaQ eipnep jaLjdejPoqoLij pu e s}sijj\/ Buiqnqijjuog ssqepossy ueiuosqjjuig >|j|>l uueop SJOJ 1 P 3 6 u i qnq i j}uog >) 3 znj •-] >|jbw 39 i qg-u | -joq i p 3 paqsanbay 11015 . 33 . 1.103 ssaxppy OOH- 9664 C 33 SS 3 NN 3 X 3 T 11 AXONX 33 SS 3 NN 3 X 30 AXISaSAINO 3 HX iN 3 WlbVd 3 Q ANVIOG A13I3DS INVld 3AI1VN 33SS3NN31 L J. JU JL J. a. J. JU J. XXXXXJ.XJ.XJ. JL J. X it 1 UPCOMING TNPS FIELD TRIPS August 15 August 15 August 29 September 26 Cherokee National Forest--Tel 1 ico River Area, Monroe County Summer Wildf lowers and Cave Trip — South Cumberland Recreational Area, Grundy County Big Hill Pond State Natural Area — S i 1 ene ovata Search, McNairy County Orchids and Showy Composites — Northeast Alabama to Sewanee ! ! DETA I LS IN THIS NEWSLETTER!! | •v s * ^ ^ ^ “V « ja Vc ja Vc ^ ^ « Vc Vc ^ Vc Vc ^ ^ Tv Vc ^ * V /a /a /a V? « /a V? » Vc Vc /V Vc ^ ^ V ? “V * V *'c ‘V V ? *'c Vc V? ^ TENNESSEE NATIVE PIANT SOCIETY NEWSLETTER Volume 10 Number 5 October 1 987 The Tennessee Native Plant Society was founded in 1 978 as a botanical club for all persons interested in the native flora of Tennessee. Its purpose is to promote interest in plant identification, folklore, grow- ing native plants from seeds and cuttings, landscaping with native plants, preserving natural areas and protecting rare plants. PRESIDENT'S MESSAGE I saw in the newspaDer a day or so ago (keep in mind that this was an early September edition) a half page item trumpeting the pageantry of autumn. The centerpiece of this article was a layout of several full color photos of fall scenery in New England. Goodness! Let the temperature drop a couple of degrees and some folks become totally oblivious to the here and now. Anyway, the report er's prime interest seemed to be a riot of color. Gosh! If a riot of color is what he wants, he should leave his office, take a guick ride to the country, and find out what us botanist types have known for a long time. September is the month of the aster! The Asteraceae (Compos i tae) , a very large dicot family, includes three of Tennessee's five federa 1 ly- 1 i sted rare species: Tennessee coneflower (Echinacea tennesseens is ) , Blue-Ridge goldenrod ( Sol idago spi thamea ) and Ruth's golden- aster. ( Pityopsis ( Chrysopsis , Heterotheca ) ruthi i ) . Ruth's golden-aster is prob- ably in or is entering its peak bloom as I write. Members of this family flower around here all year (dandelions can flower every winter month), with a great diversity of species and great variety of colors from August to October, (and well into November if the hard frosts hold out); but September, in particular, stands out. It is when the aster family goes great guns. Most prominent, of course, are goldenrods ( Sol idago spp.). By now, many goldenrod species have come and gone, but in September the real show begins, with nearly every shade of yellow imaginable. Also well represented with a number of species, but not as conspicuous, is the dominant genus of the family, the genus Aster , with its white, purples and blues. Eupator i urn spp. are abund- ant, as well. Ageratum (£. coel est i num ) is one of the most obvious and well known. Its misty blue inflorescences are easy to find. Others to be looked for include false boneset (Kuhnia eupator i odes ) , autumn sneezeweed ( Helenium autumnale ) - much prettier than it sounds - and beggar ticks ( B i dens~~spp . ) . Bidens is putting on a spectacular display of golden- yellow at present . Flat seed sunflower ( Verbes i na spp. ) , tickseeds (Coreopsis spp.), sunflowers ( Hel ianthus spp.) and i ronweeds ( Vernonia spp.) also are to be found, as well as members of the genera Ec 1 i pta , Cacalia, Chrysopsis (or whatever you want to call that genus), Rudbeckia , Mel anthera , S i 1 ph i urn, Gr i ndel ia , Par- then i urn, Ambrosia and Gaillardia. ’ 2 At first an intimidating family, because of the multiplicity of genera and species, the asters are really much fun. Basically, all one needs to do to begin to know the family is to learn the difference between tube and ray flowers, find out what chaff and pappus are, and be able to recognize an in- volucral bract. After that, the asters begin to not even look alike. So, I encourage all TNPS members, and newspaper reporters, to get out now and start enjoying the riot of colors that are presently at our back doorstep. Who needs pictures in the newspaper of New England several weeks away when you've got Kuhnia eupa tor io i des ! --Scott C. Gunn Editor's Note : Once again, I cannot overemphasize the necessity of newsletter materials to reach me on or before the deadline. Due to the late arrival of materials, illness and a motorcycle accident, this newsletter has been delayed. I appreciate those who have brought to my attention the errors in addresses. If anyone has problems with their newsletter, please let me know. I am the "complaint department"! We are nearing the end of another year and I have not fulfilled the publication of all of the articles I had previously mentioned. Hopefully, some of these articles will appear in the near future. Suggestions for articles are always welcomed, as well as those articles voluntarily submitted. I would like to see more active participation by all TNPS members, as I can always use help with this mammoth undertaking. Your prompt cooperation is appreciated. DEADLINE FOR MATERIALS FOR THE DECEMBER ISSUE IS ON OR BEFORE NOVEMBER 10, 1 9B7T FTease send your contributions to: Hark L. Fuzek, Editor-in-Chief, Tennessee Native Plant Society Newsletter, P.0. Box 525, Knoxville, TN 37901. 1988 MEMBERSHIP DUES Yes, it's about time for membership dues again ! At the time of this publica- tion, there has been no mention of an increase in dues for the fiscal year 1988. Dues are paid annually on or before January 1 of each year. You will find a 1 988 Membership Dues Form enclosed in this newsletter. So, why don't you send your check or money order today before you forget, and before running short of cash after the holidays? And, as always, a TNPS membership makes a very nice gift for your wildflower friends and relatives. The dues are as follows: Student/Senior $5.00, Regular $8.00, Institutional $15.00 and Life $150.00. Make check or money order payable to the "Tennessee Native Plant Society", and send to: Mrs. Shirley Nicholson, Treasurer, Tennessee Native Plant Society, Department of Botany, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-1100. We appreciate your continued interest and support. .L J. J. .t J. J. WELCOME TO OUR NEW MEMBERS Christman, Glenn, Crumpton, Edythe, Fairchild, Karen, George, Linda S. , Dowel 1 , TN Mount Olive, AL Knoxv i 1 1 e , TN Athens, GA Langdon , Julie McGehee, Jane, Shepherd, Fran, S Keith, Gatl inburg, Johnson City, TN Murfreesboro, TN TN - 3 _ Please send me information on native wildflowers suitable to Tennessee meadows. Thank you. V i rg i e Willi ams Route I, Box 100 P leasantv i l le , TN 371^7 The President Tennessee Native Plant Society Botany Dept. University of Tennessee Knoxville, Tennessee 37916 USA 90 Uolfrey Avenue Toronto, Ontario M4K 1K8 Canada July 15, 1987. Please send information on native wildflowers suitable to Tennessee. Thank you. Robert Kraus 360 Hobson Pike Hermitage, TN 37076 I became interested in your society after reading of it in The Tennessean from Nashville. The article was related to using native plants to restore an old farm field to a wild-like state. This idea has interested me for some time, and as I plan to retire in the Clarksville area I would like to become more fami- liar with the native plants. Would you please send me more in- formation on you society and what material can be ordered througn i t . Thank you . Thomas L. Knight 206A-A Werner Park Ft. Campbel I , KY A2223 In the Sunday Tennessean I saw your address advising to contact you for information on native wildflowers suitable for this area. I would appreciate any help you can give me, as well as names of places where seeds and/or plants could be bought at wholesale prices or reasonable prices. I would like a beautiful meadow with at least 3 varieties of color and most of all, something that can have results in a short period of time. Thank you in advance for your prompt reply. Millie Napol i 2131 Elm Hill Pike, Apt. B-29 Nashville, TN 37210 Dear Sir or Madaa; 1“ recent »onth. Che Board of Director, of the Canadian Mlldflower Society ha. b«co« lncrea.lngly concerned about the grovlng ninab.r of nura.rle. In Canada selling native orchid, especially Cyprlpedlu. acaule . Several of our large,! h *!Yn U, ^*r bur th * lr £• •t.ek^sr. 'nursery' In Tant,.!.... They vlll not tell u. uhleh nursery or whether they are field propagated or collected troa cnc wild. , V „e. thlt “">? ° f ch « wlldf lower piano coning Into Canada fro. the US* are collected fro. the wild a, .any of these species are not known to be commercially propagated and the distributors Insist on being secretive as to sources end how grown. Are you aware of any nursery in Tennessee chat actually grows c yP- rl Pl. l j iua species and propagates then by seed or vegetatively ? If so we would appreciate their naaes and addresses. Thank you for taking time to answer our query and assisting us in the conservation of our conaon North American native plant heritage. I am. Botanlcally , enc. 1 copy WILD FLO VEX D«*catad 10 (he study. cultivation and conservation o< Canedwn wSdftowwa and other «•*) flora Vouda S r Studs. * la cutturo at S la corwervanon am flout* uuvagaa canadiannaa at de la flora an general. As an avid gardener I would like very much in receiving any lit- erature you may have on SEED SUPPLIES of your NATIVE PLANTS; and also, wild seed in addition to your native plants. If you have a free booklet that you can send me that would list all available seed, either wild or cultivated, and any other information on gardening, I would be happy to hear from you. If you could send that same information to another great gardener, I would appre- ciate it very much. Thank you very much for your time and consi- deration to my request. Mrs. Susan Loverock RR #1, Malagash Station Cumberland County Novi a Scotia, Canada B0K Lynn F. S 1 auenwh i te-Corr igan 283 Perth Avenue, Winn. Manitoba, Canada R2V OTA I am going to build a house on a 9.2 acre lot in Cumberland Cove near Monterey, TN. The lot borders a stream (830 feet) that has large boulders, small waterfalls, ripples, and has hundreds of rhododendron trees (huge) and thousands of mountain laurel. About 3 acres are flat and the rest is rolling. Beautiful trees (some 30" in diameter) are everywhere--oaks , pines, hemlock, etc. About one-half acre has a knoll with a rock outcropping that I plan to build a woodland garden and plant small azaleas, ferns, wildflowers, etc. Please send me any information that will help me landscape and build a "show place" that we can enjoy. Thank you. Attn.: C.A. Parks Cumberland Cove Route 2 Box 362 Monterey, TN 3857A I saw mention of your organization in the Tennessean today. Having been ignorant to your existence but enthralled by our local flora, I was delighted to learn of you. Can you tell me how I might join and what your activities are? Thank you. Carl Wright 531 North Maple Avenue Cookeville, Tennessee 38 50 1 [Ed^. note- -Anyone having the article referred to above from the Tennessean should send a copy of it to the Editor, P.0. Box 525, Knoxville, TN 37901. It will be greatly appreciated!] Having recently moved to a rural area, I am interested in having a wildf lower garden. Our terrain is rocky and heavily wooded. I would appreciate any information you can send concerning wild- flowers . Mrs. Ann Minor Route 5, Box 332 E Sparta, TN 38583 Please send me a brochure, booklet or any information you have on Tennessee wildflowers and plants and Tennessee meadows (plants to simulate a natural Tennessee meadowland.) Thank you very much. 6.L. B landing 980-B Nal quin Drive Nashville, TN 37216 I have 2 acres flower meadow, buy plants. of land that I would like to turn into a wild- P lease advise me on how to begin, and where to Donna Wilkins Route 6, Box 3A2 Springfield, TN 37172 Please send any information you have on wildflowers native to Tennessee. Kinds? Where to purchase? We live on a hill with red soil. What kinds for full sun? for shade? Doris Turnham 78AO Whites Creek Pike Joe I ton, TN 37080 We have some people here in Cheatham County who have expressed some interest in startinq a wildf lower society to learn more about wildf lowers. I was referred to you by Kellie Davis, Wild- flower Horticulturist of Cheekwood. I do hope you can provide us with some information to help us organize a society here. For about 3 or A years now, I have been trying to grow a few wildflowers and find them quite interesting. I wi 1 1 look for- ward to hearing from you. Thank you so much. Nancy Chand 1 er Route 6, Box 261 Ashland City, TN 37015 Provincie Lim b Dornein Bokrijk Krnrnfrt rw-j.v./Ri.v. CW/wm 2 September 1987, BnUgm Dear Director, Could you p 1 ease put me in touch with someone who can assist me in learning how to grow Pink Lady's Slippers from seed? Grady W. Partin P.0. Box 295 Monteagle, TN 37356 Please send me whatever information is available on our wild- flowers and shrubs. I am especially interested in the wild azaleas and flame azaleas. Where can I obtain them? How to care for them and to propagate? Mrs. Floy Bright 2887 Forest Hill Road Germantown, TN 381 38 Th« arboretum of Bokrijk Is particularly specialized In the genus Ilex. At the moment we have one of the largest collection of the European continent; Other large collections you can find in Eng- land, these collections are one of the oldest and most famous collections of the world. Our collection is of recent date, the oldest plants are thirty years old but most plants are much younger. It's quite a difficult Job to find seeds of the rarer Ilex species. Even some of our own European species are so rare and of wild collected seeds Is usually not available. Just these wild collected seeds are very Important for us and that Is also the reason why we have written this letter. We like to have wild collected seeds of the rarer deciduous American Ilex species, together with their natural hybrids and seeds of the yellow and white fruited forma. We are also Interested In copies of articles about your endemic hollies ever publicated In your society bulletins. Please send me whatever free literature you have on plants and coverings for developing meadow areas in the Nashv i 1 1 e-Frankl i n region. I believe this is called the Eastern Woodland Region. Nona Owensby 615 Rockwood Drive Hermitage, TN 37076 Please send a list of wildflowers suitable to Tennessee growing. Many thanks. o.G. Carlson 1206 Warner Court Brentwood, TN 37027 I am interested in rare and endangered species, and their pro- tection and preservation. Please send me information, and a source where the following are located and purchased: Asiatic Day Flower Commel 1 na (lilac color); Commelina angusti - fol ia (lilac color): Commelina benghalensis (violet, lilac color): Comme 1 ? na coe 1 est i s a 1 ba varigata (Florida) ; Comme I i na d i f usa ( nud i f lora , sel 1 ou i ana ) -South America; Commelina elegans (tropical America); Commelina erecta , var . angustifolia ITlorida); Comme 1 i na tuberosa (Mexico); Commelina pallida (Mexico); Commelina deficiens (Braz i I ) ; and Commelina eliptica (Lima). Thank you. Jean E. Massey 1^27 South Gulley Road Dearborn, Michigan 48 1 24 A Use of Che rare American Hollies la which we are Interested: Ilex laevigata (Pursh) Gray Ilex curtlssli (Fern.) Small. Ilex longlpes Chapm. ex. Trel. Ilex collina Alex Ilex montana Torr. and Gray Ilex montana var. mollis Britton Ilex buswellil Small Ilex amblgua (Mlchx.) Chapm. Ilex cuthbertil Small Ilex beadlel Ashe Ilex amalanchler M.A. Curtis Thank you very much for your kind attention. We are looking forward to hearing from you soon. Signed for Director J. JANS Assistant Horticulturist. J. VAN HEULDER. 8u antuvora l/rimm Joutrr m j/Uum arrmtUm . .AJmiaatratttrr Dinut Dontn* Bdnii B- 3 1 00 Cent Tii. 011/22 45 75 ^ Fj) ( Ed . If anyone can assist these inquiries, please feel free to write to them.) CALENDAR OF EVENTS October 10, 11 & 12 October 17 SOUTH CUMBERLAND STATE RECREATIONAL AREA--C0L0R PILGRIMAGE. Meet at the Stone Door Station for numerous walks to see the fall colors. For further information, contact: Randy Hedge- path, South Cumberland State Recreational Area, Route 1, Box 144H, Tracy City, TN 37387; (615)9^2-2956 or (615)942-2980. FROZEN HEAD STATE NATURAL AREA-~5th ANNUAL FALL COLORS HORSE- BACK TRA I L RIDE. 10:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. For further informa- tion, contact: David Engebertson, Frozen Head State Natural Area, Route 2, Box 1302, Wartburg, TN 37887 (615)346-3318. - 5 - October 22 thru 25 October 24 October 24 S 25 November 7 WARRIOR'S PATH STATE PARK 3rd ANNUAL AUTUMN OUTDOORS WORKSHOP. An investigation of the autumn season led by a nationally re- nowned author/naturalist. Free lecture Thursday evening. Fees must be paid for Friday thru Sunday workshop. For further in- formation, contact: Marty Silver, Warrior's Path State Park, U.S. Hwy . 23, P.0. Box 5026, Kingsport, TN 37663; (615)239-6101. STAGECOACH ROAD GRASS-OF-PARNASSUS HIKE , Grundy County. TNPS Field Trip. Contact leader: Randy Hedgepath, South Cumberland State Recreational Area, Route 1, Box 144H, Tracy City TN 37387; (615)942-2956 or (615)942-2980. (Details in this News- 1 etter . ) FALL CREEK FALLS STATE PARK FALL COLORS WEEKEND . Bicycle tours of the park, walks, hikes, and slide shows focus on the autumn splendor of Fall Creek. For further information, contact: Fall Creek Falls State Park, Pikeville, TN 37367; (615)881-3297. STONES RIVER CANOE TRIP, RUTHERFORD COUNTY , with the Tennessee Trails Association. TNPS Field Trip. Contact leader: John Clark (or Bertha Chrietzberg) (615)896-1146. (Details in this News 1 etter. ) November 7 WILD FOODS DAY--FALL CREEK FALLS STATE PARK . Field trips demon- strating edible wild plants, a workshop on preparing wild meats, photography workshop, and a fish canning workshop-are just part* of the activities. The real threat comes in enjoying the wild feast, which is prepared by the participants themselves. For further information, contact: Stuart Carroll, Fall Creek Falls State Park, Route 3, Pikeville, TN 37367, (615)881-3297. November 14 WINTER FIELD BOTANY . A day in the field learning how to identify and recognize woody plants of the Smokies and surrounding area without the help of flowers or deciduous leaves. Learn to use buds, bark, twigs, flavors, odors, fruits, and textures for identification. Hiking distance and destination depend on weath- er conditions. 1 day/$20.00. Check-in time 8:00 a.m. November 7 deadline for registration. TNPS member Ed Clebsch is the lead- er. For more information, write to: Smoky Mountain Field School Non-Credit Programs, 2016 Lake Avenue, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-3515, or call (615)974-688. November 21 S 22 PLANT SALE— THE CHATTANOOGA NATURE CENTER , Route 4, Garden Road Chattanooga, TN 37409; (615) 821-1160. Permission is hereby granted to reprint material contained within this Newletter, provided proper credit is given to the author/editor and to the Tennessee Native Plant Society, Department of Botany, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville TN 37996-1100. - 6 - OCTOBER FIELD TRIP STAGECOACH ROAD--GRASS OF PARNASSUS HIKE DATE: Saturday, October 24, 1937 TIME: 9:00 a.m. Central MEETING Savage Gulf Ranger Stat ion--Savage Gulf State Natural Area. PLACE: From 1-24 in Monteagle, take Hwy . 41/56 to Tracy City. Left on Hwy. 56, 9 miles to Hwy. 1 08 , turn right. Nine miles to Hwy. 399, then five miles, turn left into parking area. (Also, Hwy. 50 from 1-24, Exit 127 to Altamont 56 to 1 08 to 399.) LEADER: Randy Hedgepath, Route 1, Box 144H, Tracy City, TN 37387 (615)924-2980 or (615)924-2956 (work), or (615)598-0646 (home). Although most plants will be gone for the season, there is a possibility of Grass of Parnassus, asters, Gentian and a few others. We will visit a specta- cular overlook of the Collins River Gorge and walk part of a historic stage route built by slave labor in 1 833 . Total distance will be about 3 miles with easy to moderate terrain. The hike will end before lunch, but another one at Store Door starts at 1 :00 p.m. NOVEMBER FIELD TRIP STONES RIVER CANOE TRIP, RUTHERFORD COUNTY DATE: Saturday, November 7, 1987 TIME: 9:00 a.m. Central MEETING Meet in Murfreesboro at the Greenland Parking Lot behind PLACE: Murphy Center, the large athletic complex on the MTSU campus. LEADER: This is a TNPS Field Trip with the Tennessee Trails Association, which will consist of about an eight mile paddle on the East Fork of Stones River. This pastoral stream has interesting rock bluffs with occasional fast curves and shoals, and two old water mills. Many varieties of birds are usually spotted and we will portage or run an old mill dam. It is a day's float and a nice family outing. Bring a canoe, life jackets, lunch and water. otpourri AHS HAS A NEW PRESIDENT. lyn Marsh Lindsay, president. She is can Horticultural meeting last May in of Rochester, New York, was the first woman to head the At the Ameri- Society's 42nd annual New York, Mrs. Caro- named the new organ i zat ion! - 7 - PLANT PERFORMANCE GUIDE: VOLUNTEERS NEEDED . If you are a qualified amateur or professional p 1 ants-person , your help is needed for the new Plant Performance Guide being compiled by the U.S. National Arboretum under the auspices of the USDA Agricultural Research Service. The task is to report which plants, from a checklist of 2,000, are really flourishing in your community. Directions come with the checklist. This is part of the work in progress on the new Guide, expected to replace the out-of-print USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map used since the 1950's. Computer coding will make the new Guide far more useful and informative. To volunteer and receive a copy of the 2,000-name checklist, write to: Plant Performance Guide, U.S. National Arboretum, 3501 New York’Ave- nue, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20002. ( Flower a nd Garden, Oct. /Nov. 1987 Vol 31, No . 6 , p. 62 . ) THE 119 SCOUTS "CAMP CALYPSO" SOCIETY is a non-profit organization dedicated to introducing youth to environmental and ecological concerns and solutions, as well as a general awareness of the outdoors. As such, part of their pro- gram is to introduce them to the joys and benefits of gardens, flowers, trees and shrubs. They are requesting donations of bulbs, seeds, cuttings, etc., with gratitude. If any of our readers can help out, write to: Mike Coupland, 119 Scouts "Camp Calypso" Society, 1 33 1 2-89s t , Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T5E 3K2. A NEW NATIVE PLANT ORGAN I ZAT I 0N--A . N . V . I . L . THE ASSOCIATION FOR THE USE OF NATIVE VEGETATION IN LANDSCAPE through education. The intent of ANVIL i s~ To set up a program of education, to share and disseminate knowledge and experience, and to further public understanding of the advantages and procedures involved in this type of land- scaping. Some of the means by which they hope to accomplish this goal are publications, news- letters, 'how-to' brochures, specifications, a speakers bureau, and educational seminars. If you are interested in becoming a charter mem- ber, attending a seminar, or receiving more in- formation, write to: ANVIL, 871 Shawnee Avenue, LaFayette, IN 47905, or call their Executive Director, Dr. Ray Greeborg of Purdue University Department of Agronomy at (317)494-4784. (Re- printed from the NATIVE PLANT SOCIETY OF TEXAS NEWS , Vol. V, No. 4, July/August 1987, p. 11.) FOR T-SHIRT COLLECTORS . The Native Prairies Association of Texas is benefitting from the proceeds of the sales of a cute T-shirt. The slogan is: "Texas Prairies... outstanding in their field" with grasses and wildflowers on it. The shirts are 100% cotton Beefy-T's, kelly green on accrue, in sizes S,M.L and XL. They are $10.00 each, plus $1.00 for postage and handling per shirt. Make checks payable to: Texas Prairie Conference, and send order to: Terri Siegenthaler, 2203 Quanah Parker Trail, Austin, TX 78734. Come Explore the Spectacular Private Gardens that Abound in Atlanta A Warm Southern W elcome Awaits You HIS -itrd Annual Meeting April 14-16. im Manta. Get>rgia - 8 - W I LDFLOUER is published quarterly by the Canadian Wildflower Society and is the only magazine in North America devoted exclusively to wild flora. It is an excellent magazine which many of our TNPS members may want to subscribe to; and hold membership in the Canadian Wildflower Society. (Use the form be- low, or use a separate piece of paper.) SUPPORT THE SOUTHERN APPALACHIAN HIGHLANDS CONSERVANCY Tennessee Native Plant Society member Edward Schell has donated the use of his photographs that SAHC has featured on Christmas cards, notecards, a special Gray's Lily print, and for a new photographic exhibit. The notecards include one set of two scenes of the very popular rhododendron. Of the new notecards, one scene is of Gray's Li 1 y — its orange-red blooms held high above the long wavy grass so typical of the Roan "balds, with characteristic blue mountains above. The other scene features the delicate Mountain Saxifrage against lichen-covered rocks. The Christmas cards are of Roan winter scenes. The Gray's Lily scene described above is also available as a beautiful print 13£" by 1 9i" with a 1-inch white border, suitable for framing. The postcards include scenes of Mt. Mitchell from Roan, Rhododendron on Grassy Ridge, A.T. above Carvers Gap, and Roan Mountain Goldenrod. Other items for sale, include Ed Schell's 1988 Tennessee Calendar, T-shirts, caps and patches. For a mail order blank, send your re- quest to: Southern Appalachian Highlands Conservancy, P.0. Box 3356, Kingsport, TN 3766*t. Also inquire about their special Gift Membership now through Decem- ber 31, 1987, which includes the Gray's Lily print as a Christmas gift to you! FAREWELL Charles Weddle, of Palisade, Colorado, one of this country's leading developers of flower hybrids, died in February. He had worked with petunias, snapdragons, zinnias, eustoma and others. Most recently he had been working on lines of hybrid columbines. Texas Tech University, Lubbock--of which Wed- dle was a horticulture graduate--has established a lectureship in his memory, in conjunction with the University's annual symposium on wildf lowers and native plants. To contribute, write to: Weddle Fund, T.T.U. Foundation, Box 4169, Lubbock, TX 79^09. - 9 - ARE YOUR SIGNS WILTING FASTER THAN YOUR FLOWERS ? Now there is Sig-num--the first complete answer to your landscape signage needs. Sig-num ends the days of landscape signs that fade, crinkle, sag and blotch — signs that serve no purpose because they can't be read. You can set Sig-num in place and forget it--years from now it will be just as att ract i ve--w i th little likelihood of intervening replacement or repair costs. Sig-num's anodized aluminum "weather hard" finish alone places it in the forefront of all exterior signage systems. Sign frames, stakes and hangers (they can be staked to the ground, or hung from tree limbs and bushes) have outstanding durability, smart appearance, unified presentation, extraordinary clarity and continuity in expansion. Sig- num is the superior landscape signage value, whether you are managing a small garden display or a park area covering thousands of square miles. Sig-num is something new--under the rain, snow, ice--and the sun! For a full descrip- tive brochure and price/order form, send your name, address, and telephone number to: Sig-num Sign Systems, 18531 South Miles Road, Cleveland, Ohio 44128 or call (216)475-5916 for more information. W1LDFL0WER SEEDS AVAILABLE . Growing native plants from seeds or spores is not only satisfying and economical, but gives gardeners a source of d i f f i cu 1 t-to- obtain plants. The New England Wild Flower Society is offering for sale more than 150 varieties of wildflowers and ferns in their 1988 Seed List. Included in the List are natives for woodland, wetland, and meadow ga rdens . Many of the sun-loving varieties make colorful additions to perennial borders. The Seed List is an adjunct of the Society's world-wide botanical garden seed dis- tribution effort. All requests for the 1988 Seed List must be received by March 1, 1988 because seed sales close March 15, 1 988 . Requests will be fill- ed in the order received. Send a self-addressed, 39< stamped envelope (#10 business envelope) to: Seeds, New England Wild Flower Society/Garden in the Woods, Hemenway Road, Framingham, MA 01701. No requests will be honored with- out the stamped envelope . Members of the New England Wild Flower Society will automatically receive the Seed List in January 1988. BOOKS THE BERNARD E. HARKNESS SEEDL1ST HANDBOOK . Compiled and up-dated by Mabel G. Harkness and Deborah D'Angelo, 1986. 340 pages. A handy and easy-to-use reference guide to the plants offered in the major plant societies' seed ex- changes. Available from Timber Press, 9999 S.W. Wilshire, Portland, OR 97225. $27.95 softcover, plus $3.00 shipping NEW BOOK! MACMILLAN'S GUIDE TO NORTH AMERICAN WILDFLOWERS. Robert Mohlenbrock. 15% discount, $8.50 plus $1.50 for postage and handling. PANORAMA PRESS, Box 2892, Carbon- dale, Illinois 62902. Brochure for other nature books avai lable. FIELD TRIP REPORTS SOUTH CUMBERLAND STATE RECREATION AREA WILDFL0WER WALK AND CAVE T0UR--August 15, 1987 We had beautiful weather for the South Cumberland wildflower walk and cave tour. The weather was comfortable and not exceptionally hot. About thirty people gathered at the Visitor Center for this outing. We saw many beautiful 10 wildf lowers, but drought in the area had affected the bounteous displays we have had in some years past. We were unable to find the two orchids, Habanera ci lari s and Habanera cr i stata , which are usually bl oomi ng in the area this time of year. After individual lunches in the shady picnic area, a number of the group fol- lowed Randy Hedgepath for the hike and tour of Lost Cove Cave. This was a rugged, but enjoyable hike for those who had never been in a wild cave before. For those of you who missed this cave trip, you might call the South Cumber- land Area at (615)924-2980 for a schedule of hikes. They have something plan- ned every weekend, and a hike through this cave is frequently on their schedule. --Bertha Chrietzberg CHEROKEE NATIONAL FOREST— TELL1C0 RIVER, MONROE COUNTY August 15, 1987 A surprise gathering of 14 wildflower enthusiasts met at the Harold Scott's cabin on Sycamore Creek at 10:00 a.m. Saturday morning: Kay and Bill Jones (Columbia), Jean and Bob Jones (Cookeville), Julie and Milton Schaefer (Win- chester), Yoshika McCullough (Nashville), Jim Hatmaker (Nashville), Billie Brooks (Etowah), Norma Luton (Oak Ridge), Ann Lyon and her roommate (Knoxville), and the Scotts from Columbia. We ambled up the Sycamore Road armed with books, cameras, tripods, stool and cane, and lunch sacks. Despite the hot, dry summer we feasted our eyes upon: Triphora tr i anthophora (3-bird orchid), Plantanthera clavel 1 ata (small green wood orchid), Goodyera pubescens (rattlesnake plantain), Coral lorhiza odontorhiza (autumn coral root) , Tipularia discolor (cranefly or- chid); Lobel ia puberul a, card inal is and inf lata; Hieracium pan icu latum (hawk- weed), Elephantopus tomentosus (elephant foot), Rudbeckie laciniata (green- headed conef lower) , Ludwigia alternifolia (seedbox, rattlebox) , Tovara virgin- iana (Virginia knotweed) , Cassia fasciculata (partridge pea), Rhexia virginica (meadow beauty), Prunella vulgaris (heal all), Aralia racemosa (spikenard), Pycnanthemum pycnanthemo i des (hoary mountain mint) , Agr imon i a parviflora (agri- mony) , Actaea~~pacypoda (white baneberry) , Xanthorhiza s imp 1 i c i ss i ma (yeflow shrub root) , Eupator i urn f istulosum (Joe pye weed), Campanula divaricata (South harebell), Impatiens capensis and pallida (jewelweed), Phryma leptostachya (lop seed), plus phlox, asters, goldenrod, black-eyed Susans and many variable com- posites! The lunch site committee picked a wonderful place right on Sycamore Creek where we feasted once again on as varied a menu as the f lowers .. .wi th as much happy conversation. At the end of a perfect day, we found ourselves in the middle of the Tellicoides aqua f r ig id iae . . . . and were revived even further by some vina rosea scott ie and hamburgers cooked on the grill. Sunday, the four Jones, two Scotts and Yoshika traveled to Joyce Kilmer Memorial Forest where we hiked the trail to see the enormous poplar and hemlock trees. Each large tree was checked and measured by our group circling the trees and holding hands. There were many three, four and some five span trees! We were informed by the rangers that there were no flowers at all and we were full of "educated or knowledgable glee" when we returned and informed them that we had seen many Ti pu 1 a r ia d i scolor , one clump of Tr i phora tr ianthophora and Goodyera pubescens, Veratrum vi r ide , plus many fruiting black cohosh, trill ium, Jack- i n-the-pul pi t and Indian cucumber, and doll's eye. We converted a group of Georgia hikers (attention Tom Patrick) to wildflower observing by letting them view a cranefly orchid and Veratrum viride with a hand lens never can tell--one day they may all be members of our wonderful TNPS! All in all, it was a great weekend filled with good company, food and f lowers. .. .what more could you ask! --Nancy Scott BIG HILL POND STATE NATURAL AREA (Silene ovata Search) MCNAIRY COUNTY--August 29, TWf It was another good field day, bright and sunny. The drive from Highway 57, southward through the park, was striking in two ways. First, we noted that' the park is "really, really big" and, secondly, that it is exceptionally beautiful and diverse for a park in the Upper Coastal Plain Province. We also noted that substantial developments, such as paved roads, picnic areas and buildings, had occurred within the park during the last two years. In fact, the leader almost lost his way due to these new developments. It is recommended that future trips to this area be two-day events so that some of the many trails can be followed. We took a short walk to the southeastern edge of the Dismal Swamp and saw a variety of bottomland plants. Small springs feeding the swamp were bordered by several ferns (Cinnamon, Royal, Lady, and Chain). We also noted a size- able popu 1 at ion of P 1 atanthera clavel lata (Green Rein Orchid). Bladderwort ( Ut r i cu 1 ar i a biflora ) was found in abundance along the edge of the cypress- tupe 1 o swamp . Later, we stopped to observe Sty 1 i sma humistrata (a morning glory-like vine) along the sandy banks of the Tuscumbia River, just south of its confluence with the Hatchie River. It was very common at this site and we were fortu- nate in finding a few plants still in flower. Cameras started clicking and didn't stop for a good while as people became acquainted with several in- teresting plants. We found Hydrol ea (waterleaf family), a couple of Ludwi- 9 j a s , Penthorum sedoides (ditch stonecrop) , Hel iotropium (hel iotrope) , Brun- nichia~ovata (c~limbing buckwheat), and a number of other species common to the area. Attendees : Vernon Bates (Atlanta), Betty Connelly (Illinois), Michelle Con- nelly (Memphis), Otto Hersch (Nashville), Annie H. Heilman and Nita R. Heil- man (Clarksville), B.F. Jones and Jean Jones (Cookeville), Bill Nunn (Memphis), and Frances Spence (Memphis). — Vernon Bates WILDFLOWERS IN THE MORNING On the clearest morning ever to be The scent of wildf lowers touched me Looking from my window I could see where the wildf lowers grow. The mixture of color softened my senses Where they grow, there are no fences. They are free, I often wonder, if they have any feeling To the touch, they are most appealing. To gather them in your arms Is like holding a universe of stars So many, so different in every way Giving pleasure, with every meaningful day . Wildflowers, gently blowing in the breeze A display, a wonder about them, will find you on your knees Wanting to pick them, and make a bouquet But, yet these little flowers, must rema i n . On the clearest morning ever to be Looking from my window, sleepily Wishing to be Among those little flowers, and wish ing to be free. — She i 1 a Wes t NATIVE PLANT/SEED SOURCES S I NK i^f^m N G S GARDENS Route 1 TN 37716 We are NEW on the scene. Just decided to open for business last Summer. Bought our license, had our nursery inspected and approved by the State, and are now ready to offer you a wide selection of native wildflower plants; plus some from as far away as Australia, Japan, England, and West Germany. We do not plan to ship. We would rather let you come to our nursery and hand pick the plants that you want. We want to thank everyone that has come to just visit and/or patronize our nursery. You are welcome to come anytime. Please just give us a call for directions, and to let us know when to expect you. For a list of our plants, please send a SASE to: SINKING SPRINGS GARDENS, Route 1 Box 93A, Clinton, TN 37716; call (615)457*1864. Box 93A Clinton, Phone (615) 457-1864 Jim & Mearl Macres VIGOROUS, NURSERY-GROWN WILDFLOWERS for all wildflower gardens, rich or poor soil, shady or sunny conditions, natural areas or established gardens. Showy, reliable, easy. 32-page booklet describes species, gives cultural requirements, and suggests landscape uses and combina- tions— $1.00. SUNLIGHT GARDENS, Route 3 Box 286-T, Loudon, TN 37774. We also offer complete landscaping services using native plants. Call (615)986-6071 . M PLANTS AND SEEDS of your favorite TENNESSEE WILD- FLOWERS. Our stock is 100% nursery propagated. Most of our stock is grown in containers which i assures your success at almost any season of the I Jo year. We have selections for most garden condi- tions from woodland to meadows and our catalogue includes all the information you need to help you choose the best plants for your situation. We also have design, consultation and landscaping services available should you need help with small or large projects. Send a SASE for informative catalogue to: NATIVE GARDENS, Route 1 Box 494, Greenback, TN 37742. ve ^ ' n6 Route 1 Box 494 Greenback , T N 37742 Home Grown Wildflowers. Traditional Garden Perennials. Large selection of plants and seed available. Quality guaranteed. Cata- log $1.00, refundable with order. NATURAL GARDENS, 113 Jasper Lane, Oak Ridge, TN 37830. 12 WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ENDANGERED AND THREATENED? FEDERALLY ENDANGERED SPEC I ES --Any species or subspecies which is in danger of extinction throughout all or a significant portion of its range. FEDERALLY THREATENED SPECIES- -Any species or subspecies which is likely within the foreseeable future to become endangered throughout all or a significant portion of its range. TENNESSEE ENDANGERED SPECIES --Any species whose continued existence as a com- ponent of the state's wildlife resource is determined to be in jeopardy on the basis of scientific evidence. TENNESSEE THREATENED SPECIES- -Any species which appears likely within the fore- seeable future, on the basis of scientific evidence, to become endangered in the state. TENNESSEE SPECIAL CONC ERN- -Spec i es requiring particular attention because: al they are rare or distinctive in Tennessee because the state represents the limit or near limit of their geographic range, and, b) their status is undetermined because of insufficient information. CRITERIA FOR STATE L I ST I NG ---'-Must be a species native to Tennessee. *Must be records of past and present status for the species in Tennessee, including num- bers and geographic distribution. ^Should be evidence of significant decline in the species' numbers. '’'Must be an identifiable existing threat to the re- maining population in Tennessee. (Reprinted from THE NATURE CONSERVANCY Tennessee Notes, Volume 8, Number 2 July, 1987.) RESTORING THE EARTH ' 1988 CONFERENCE The first national gathering to consider the restoration of all natural re- source types and the redesign of urban areas will be held on January 13-16, 1988, at the University of California, Berkeley. The conference is organized by the Restoring the Earth project of The Tides Foundation, San Francisco, and co-sponsored both by the College of Natural Resources and the Center for Environmental Design Research of the University of California, Berkeley. It will bring experts in natural resource restoration and management together with a broad selection of academic, government, industry, foundation, labor, public health, and environmental representatives. Participants will help create new solutions to the nation's environmental problems, through restor- ation of damaged resources. Topics to be covered include restoration of coastal ecosystems and estuaries; rivers and lakes; streams and fisheries; rangelands, prairies, mined land, forests and wildlife; atmosphere and climate; dry lands and agricultural lands; urban environmental planning; and control of toxic wastes. Formal refereed papers will be presented at scientific and technical sessions. Non- technical sessions will include accounts of restoration successes and dis- cussions of policy issues, legislation, litigation, trends, and resource conflict resolution. The program also includes keynote panels, plenary ses- sions, workshops, films, and exhibits. Information and a conference summary are available from: Restoring the Earth Conference, 1713 C Martin Luther King Jr. Way, Berkeley, CA 94709, or tele- phone (1415)843-2645. October 193/ r •tpes 00 " L $ 3[qe[ieAe sanssi >peg "aoueApe u ! S> I 33M x ! s ssajppe uj atiueqa ±0 sn A^iqou aseajg *0011 ~9o6Z£ N1 ‘3 U!axou» ‘aassauuai }0 Aq i s jaA j up am ‘Aueqog .jo quawuedaa aq; qqm uoneposs e uj (jaqiuaoaQ pue ‘jaqoja 0 ‘qsntiny ‘ aunp ‘ i I ‘ Ajenjqag) Aiqquouijq paqsjiqnd si jajqa|SMa N Aqapos queig aAjqeN aassauuai aqi piBMg epuiq ( J 3MO [J.UOISSB1) uoquag e !P nB lO sqsjqjy 6u | qnq i jjuog >|azng -q sjjbw i 3 ! q3-u j -uoq j pg 0) .g E 3 paqsanbay uoxqaaajoj ssaxppv OOll-966Z.e 33SS3NN3X 31HAXONX 33SS3NN3X 30 AXISa3AIND 3HX lN3HlUVd3a ANVIOS AJ.3I3DS INVId 3AI1VN 33SS3NN31 o > »||l»XOU* •wu*i ic •*i«n aivd aftmtog -5*n •»JO n.iC-qt-uo* Endangered Wildflowers 1988 CALENDAR • Funds raised from sales will be used to support conservation projects • 16 full-color photographs • Information on all plants pictured • Large 8 Vi’ by 1 1 Vi” format (8 Vi" by 23’ when open) • Reward offer: calendar owners arc encouraged to help rediscover popula- tions of plants thought to be extinct □ My club or society would like to he dar. Please send me information. lb Order Calendars: Send S6.95 per calendar; S6.25 for AHS members (For orders of 3 or more mailed to the same address: $6.45, non-members; $5.75. AHS members ! Please add SI. 00 per calendar for postage and handling. Postage paid for orders of 5 or more calendars. Mail orders to Jeanne Eggeman, AHS. P.O. Box 0105, Mount Vernon. VA 22121. Virginia residents, please add 4Vj% sales tax. sell the Endangered Wildflowers Calcn- Namc: Address: City: State: Zip : Price/Calendar: $ Total # ordered; Postage & handling: S Enclosed is my check for: $ TENNESSEE NATIVE PLANT SOCIETY NEWSLETTER Volume 10, Number 6 December 193 7 The Tennessee Native Plant Society was founded in 1973 as a botanical club for all persons interested in the native flora of Tennessee. Its purpose is to promote interest in plant identification, folklore, grow- ing native plants from seeds and cuttings, landscaping with native plants, preserving natural areas and protecting rare plants. PRESIDENT'S MESSAGE I recently had opportunity to speak briefly for the Symposium on Rare Plants of Kentucky. Held in Bowling Green at Western Kentucky University, it was jointly sponsored by the Kentucky Academy of Sciences and the Kentucky Native Plant Society. Though unable to attend the entire session, I enjoyed what I did hear. The habitat, biology and status of a number of rare species were presented, and the day was capped by remarks regarding the protection of those kinds of plants (there 1 took my turn). The discussion among the participants following this segment of the symposium appeared as if it would bear eventually the fruit of protective legislation for Kentucky's rare plant species. The session on the status of rare plant protection in Kentucky was introduced by Richard Hannan of the Kentucky Nature Preserves Commission. Mr. Hannan had a number of pertinent remarks, but I most remember his entreaty to the botanists. Habitat alteration or destruction unquestionably is the single most serious threat to the survival of many rare plant species. However, it is not uncommon to hear of the sudden d i sappea ranee of a colony, or part of a colony, of some rare plant after its location becomes known in certa i n - c i rcl es of "wildflower lovers" ( a term whose application is questionable in such circumstances). Mr. Hannan's obser- vation was that there was no need for every botanist to collect a specimen of every rare plant he had an occasion to, especially if good specimens from already documented localities existed. I believe the lesson is this: those of us who share an enthusiastic interest in our native flora stand to gain much through its protection and will lose even more if that protection is not procured. If our genuine desire is that our state's rare plants be ensured a safe future, then we must set an example for the rest of the public to follow. We may not need one of everything in our garden or collection. We can make the extra effort to buy only from nurseries which propagate their stock. We can remember not to "tell all the world" when we learn the location of a sensitive plant. We can be mindful not to plow through the woods like cattle on our field trips. In order for Kentuckians to take seriously any law proposed to protect their state's floristic heritage, those who propose it must show that they also take it seriously. In order for Tennesseans to give regard to their rare plant protection statute, then the members of TNPS must first demonstrate an attitude which follows the spirit of our law. 2 On behalf of all the Tennessee Native Plant Society, I extend our best wishes that Kentucky achieve the level of protection its botanical treasures need and deserve. If the concern shown by those in attendance at the Sympo- sium is an indication, Kentucky should not be long in attaining its goal. --Scott C. Gunn Editor's Note : Once again, I have changed horses in mid-stream! I discontinued furthering my education, and am pleased and honored to tell you that I have been chosen as a VISTA Volunteer (Volunteers in Service to America). My position of full-time service is being the Greenhouse Project Coordinator for the John T. O'Connor Senior Citizens Center here in Knoxville, TN. This is going to be a very challenging, yet rewarding experience and opportunity. This issue of the TNPS News letter completes my second full year as Editor-in- Chief! I hope you have enjoyed and benefitted from this publication as much as I have by producing it. Unfortunately, like all good things, they must end. I have given considerable thought in making my decision, and due to my other obli- gations, interests, and personal reasons, I tender my resignation as the Editor- in-Chief. My thanks to ALL that have contributed in some way or another to the Newsletter and to the Tennessee Native Plant Society. My special thanks go to Linda Ewald, who has so faithfully helped with getting the newsletters ready for mailing, as well as being a contributing artist! For 1988, I hope that you will make a contribution to the Newsletter --be it par- ticulars on a workshop, symposium, tour or field trip. Your help is desperately needed in compiling the annual calendar of events and field trip schedule) Per- haps you have had a unique experience concerning wildf lowers that you would like to share with our members. Wi 1 df 1 ower/nature poems, cartoons, drawings and recipes using wild ingredients are always needed. Please send your contributions to: Tennessee Native Plant Society, Department of Botany, The University of Tenn- essee, Knoxville, TN 37996-1100. So, may I leave you by saying that I hope the true meaning of the Holiday Season brings you Love, Peace and Joy throughout the coming New Year! Happy Ho I i days , 1988 MEMBERSHIP DUES What a t remendous response we have had with our 1 988 Membership Renewals! If you have sent in your dues and it has not been changed on your address label, don't panic! Without access to modern technology, the address labels are presently be- ing done manually. We hope to upgrade our system as soon as possible. Any "vol- unteers" with a computer/word processor willing to help with the membership address label system? If you have not sent in your dues by the end of January, 1988, the December newsletter will be your last issue. We value your membership, and so do the wi ldf lowers--so please stay with us — RENEW TODAY!! - 3 - FIELD TRIP REPORTS BUCKSNORT LIMESTONE CLIFFS, HICKMAN COUNTY (V/ITH THE MEMPHIS WILDFLOWER SOCIETY)-- May 2, 1987- A report on this field trip will not be available. HOLSTON MOUNTAIN, CARTER COUNTY (Joint Trip With Af bees ) -- Ju 1 y 25, 1987 This field trip turned into three days when we added a Skunk Cabbage (leaves only) search around Mountain City, TM and then toward Damascus, VA and Back Bone Rock on Beaver Dam Creek in Tennessee. A fine turnout of about thirteen botanical ly- minded folks were wel 1 -rewarded by some fine weather and new plants. The last year's "find" of the first Platanthera grandiflora (Purple-Fringed Orchid) in Tennessee, was in good health after the diggings of 1986--they were not in bloom, but had been in bloom about mid-June this year. Two disappointments were the finding of many leaves of P_. orb i cu 1 ata (Round- 1 eaved Orchid), but nary a flower stalk and a Roan Mountain find was the same--so, someone in the know, tell us why!? The second d i sappo i ntment--No blooms on the L i 1 ium michaux i i (Carolina Lily), just buds, and the same on Roan Mountain. Some interesting flora on Holston Mountain: Lesser Enchanter's Nightshade, White Bergamot, beaucoups leaves of Colt's Foot, Angel i ca tr iqu i nata (rare in this locale), Plantanthera ciliaris (Yellow-Fringed Orch id); and oh yes, the unusual Monarda media (Bergamot). Always an exciting plant to us was the Pyrola rotundi- fo 1 i a C Round-leaved Pyrola) invariably found with Baptisia tinctoria (Wild In- digo) . A beautiful display of hundreds of Turk's Cap Lilies topped off this Saturday stroll, along with flowering V/i ntergreen , or Checkerberry growing with and among (sotria verticillata (Whorled Pogon ?a) -- 1 eaves only, of course; and Starry Campion and its dimorphic cousins, Evening Lychnis. ROAM MOUNTAIN — What an interesting mountain, and what a fine leadei — we are lucky to have Ed Schell. We found many things of interest, such as meadows filled with Basil and non-blooming Carolina Lily; Small Forget-Me-Nots; Golden Saxifrage (that's Chrysoplen ium americana for you upper eschelons ) ; a Hawksbeard ( C rep i s tectorium ); vestigial remains of Roan Mountain Bluet; the exciting large blooms and 1 eaves of Geum radiatum (Large Mountain Avens) ; a rare Pearlwort, found only in the St. Lawrence waterway and Roan Mountain (so our fearless leader told us)-- with a 7 _ power glass and peering closely, one could almost see it; an unusual • mint ( Pycnanthemum montanum ) ; an uncommon Staehys 1 at i dens , one of the Hedge Nettles; and on and on. There seems to be no limit of flowers on Roan Mountain, but to me, the beautiful Chinese purple of the Fireweed was most spectacular along with Gray's Lily, both in full bloom, albeit, one just coming in, the other just leaving. Oh, by the way, the unspectacular sister of Fireweed, a Willow-Herb, Ep i lob i urn c i 1 iatum , was found in bloom. For the many orchid enthu- siasts, a real treat was the finding of Platanthera lacera and P_. c 1 ave 1 1 ata (Ragged Fringed and Green Woodland Orchids) growing in the wide-open slopes of 'Round Bald' half way up--really a surpr ise--and in full bloom. As for me, I have now read about, talked about, seen, and photographed so many orchids, I think I’ll go out and sit in a nice patch of Ta raxacum of f i c i na 1 e and Tr i fol ium repens so as to ease me back to earth again. SKUNK CABBAGE --An unscheduled, third day trip on Monday came about because Dennis 5 Sherry Horn wanted to see the Skunk Cabbage site at Hunter, TN (Hunter Bog) above Mountain City, TN. - k - First stop at Hunter's Bog was a real surprise. The bog had been made into a cow pasture, so we saw no Skunk Cabbage or Golden Club. However, the trip was fruitful, since across the road we found plants many had not seen before; such as Lysamachia lanceolata (Lance- 1 eaved Loosestrife) and Campanula uliginosa (Marsh Bellflower), not usually found this far south, and a welcome addition to our growing list of flowers. Turned out to be an interesting lo- cale! Not only did we see a field spotted with the large leaves of Symplocarpus foet i dus and Sweetflag, but we fence-hopped into a wooded area solidly packed with the leaves — an area of about 30' x ^0' — Now that's a lot of Skunk! Across the road from the Cabbage Field, Ed showed us a new Ga 1 i um- - ga lustre — it's a Bedstraw. Also, with the Galium, Veronica anaga 1 1 i s-aqua t i ca (Water Speedwell), very small; not 'Pearlwort' small, but tiny. And there was Arenaria godfreyi (Godfrey's sandwort). At this point, most of the group left to wend their way home - two to three hundred miles--Wow! --J.1. "Bus" Jones PLATANTHERA ORBICULATA SEARCH, UNAKA MOUNTAIN, UNICOI C0UNTY- -July 25, 1987- Field trip report not available. ORCHIDS (SPIRANTHES) AND COMPOSITES (SILPHIUM) Jackson County, AL and Franklin County, TN--September 26, 1987 Fourteen TeNPinS, AAFB ' s , and Michiganders caravaned to the Mud Creek embayment near TVA's Bellefonte Nuclear Plant to observe dozens of Spiranthes odorata (Southern fragrant ladies' tresses) mid-bloom along the shoretines, and appear- ing to be spreading. Following this, the group split into two parties, with eleven individuals embarking on an ardous hike down Carter Mountain to the sha- dow witch ( Pontheva racemosa ) haunt along Turkey Creek just back (moide?) Tenn- essee. After finding the site to be very dry, it at first appeared that the hike had been for naught with all the "witches" past bloom. Nita Heilman saved the day, however, by spotting a large specimen still in flower, much to the re- lief of Dennis and Sherry Horn, Nancy and Harold Scott, Yoshiko MuCul lough, Otto Hirsch, and three Michigan visitors: Roger and Wendy Walden, and Dick Sooy . All three Joneses--"Bus" , 3.F. and Jean--had opted earlier to continue on from Bellefonte along the originally planned route to Sewanee; the following is a description of that adventure in Bus's inimitable prose. --Chuck Wi 1 son With the fine attendance for the September 26th venture, we split into two groups, the largest going to Turkey Creek for a sighting at the site of the elusive 'Shadow Witch'. B.F., Jean and I, all Joneses, opted to leave the others at Stevenson, AL to scan Route 117 and 56 to Sewanee. Interesting flow- ers such as one might expect this time of year were easily seen from the car; Eupatorium coelestinum (Mistflower) was a blue mass that dominated many road- sides; Lobel ia puberul a (Downy Lobelia), Verbesina virginica (Tickweed), Sol i - dago juncea (Early Goldenrod), Sol i dago patula (Rough- 1 eaved Goldenrod), were plentiful around the Russel Cave area. A couple hundred yards (meters if you prefer) beyond were magnificent stands of S i 1 ph i urn tereb i nth i naceum (Prairie Dock). These plants had pinnatified basal leaves and, I am told, are a variant of the normal huge Burdock-type non-pinnate leaves that are the keymark of the Lookout Mountain and Oak Ridge S i 1 ph ium t . Scattered among this plant were - 5 - Coreopsis tripteris (Tall Coreopsis) and interestingly, Sol i dago r ig ida (Hard- leaved Gol denrod) in isolated clumps near which were little stacks of Isanthus brach iatus (False Pennyroyal), not spectacular and hard to photograph, but, a 5-petaled blue flower which we had not seen before. Arriving in Sewanee amidst a football crowd, and squirming our way through lines of cars and pretty girls, we reached a beautiful lake near a water tower past the football field and immediately ran into Sp i ran thes cernua (Nodding Ladies Tresses). Don't know if these have been SPLIT or not” B . F . and Jean 'shot' Chelone glabra (Turtle Head) and the absolutely largest Chrysopsis mari- ana (Maryland Golden Aster) we had ever seen. The blossoms were 2 to 2i inches across ! I like searches with B.F. and Jean. They photograph everything in sight. Me too ! Good trip — Bus P.S. We Joneses were sorry we didn't go on the Turkey Creek hike--but not much! STAGECOACH ROAD GRASS-OF-PARNASSUS HIKE, GRUNDY C0UNTY- -0ctober 24, 1337. Randy Hedgepath reported that not even one person came for this field trip!? STONES RIVER CANOE TRIP, RUTHERFORD COUNTY (WITH THE TENNESSEE TRAILS ASSOCIATION) --November 7, 1 987 • Field trip report not available. CALLAWAY GARDENS SOUTHERN PERENNIALS SYMPOSIUM January 8 - 10, 1988 The Education Department is happy to announce Callaway Gardens' 3rd SOUTHERN PERENNIALS SYMPOSIUM. Ten speakers will gather to discuss gardening topics focused on flowers and their contribution to good garden design. This program is a forum for gardeners, growers, designers, public horticulturists, teachers, students and flower enthusiasts to exchange ideas and information. On offer will be a rich assortment of garden wares, plants, tools, ornaments and the best literature on the subject. The symposium is designed to give the enthusiast an inspirational boost as well as practical advice on 'sun- belt' selection and culture. Presentations will be given by Pamela Schwerdt, Headgardener at the Sissinghurst Castle, England; William E. Brumback, Propagator for the New England Wild Flower Society at Garden in the Woods, Framingham, MA; Norman Kent Johnson, garden writer and designer from Birmingham, AL.; and others. Topics include: "Native Plants in the Perennial Trade", "Views From Sissinghurst: Plants and Their Neighbors"; "Southern Flower Borders"; "Annual Solutions to Perennial Problems"; "Summer and Fall Flowering 'Bulbs'"; "American Garden Writing", and more topics. The great Southern gardening event begins Friday evening with a reception to "Meet the Speakers" and continues through Sunday noon. There is a fee charged; pre- registration is required. For further information, contact Mary Crain Penniman, Symposium Coordinator, Callaway Gardens, Ida Cason Callaway Foundation, Pine Mountain, Georgia 31822; or call (404) 663-5103. - 6 - otpourri For the past two years, the National Wild- life Research Center Clearinghouse in Austin. Texas, has been compiling information on various organizations including native plant societies and botanical clubs. Currently, this information is maintained in their database and they are in the process of publishing a nation-wide resource in- formation sourcebook. Until then, they use their database to assem- ble fact sheets which are available on a state-by-state basis. The TNPS offers the following reprinted materials: -'"Recommended Species for Tennessee" (42 species of native plants listed on the seed list for Cheekwood Botanical Garden, Nashville, TN) *"Tennessee Sources of Native Plants and Seeds" *"Gardening and Landscaping with Wildf lowers" *"Bibl iography For The Southeastern States" -'"Sources of Regional Wildflower Seed Mixtures" -'"Information Sources For Tennessee" If you would like a copy of any or all of these, your request to: Tennessee Native Plant Society, s i ty of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-1100. your request to: National Wildflower Research TX 78725.) please send a Department of (For other state Center, 2600 FM long, SASE and Botany, The Univer- fact sheets, send 973 North, Austin, THE RETURN OF THE F00TSCRAPER ! It wasn't that long ago that outside entrances and staircases included a footscraper as a matter of course. After disappearing for a few decades, we were pleased to see that I roncrafters has made two differ- ent models available, both out of wrought iron. These footscrapers are both practical and reasonably priced--just the thing for a housewarming present or Santa's gift to a gardener. For more information and a free catalog, write to: I roncrafters , 98 1 8 Ceder, Overland Park, Kansas 66207. THE NEW ANDERSEN HORTICULTURAL LIBRARY'S SOURCE LIST OF PLANTS AND SEEDS. Find sources for over 20,000 different plants using this unique 200-page plant finder's guide. Over 200 current U.S. and Canada retail and wholesale nursery and seed catalogs listed. Find sources for over 100 Rhododendron, 200 tomato hybrids, and 1 600 Hemeroca 1 1 i s ! Send $29-95 (postpaid) check/money order to: Andersen Horti- cultural Library, Minnesota Landscape Arboretum, 3675 Arboretum Drive, Box 39, Chanhassen, MN 55317. THESE PLANTS PREFER POLLUTION ! Jimsonweed is a pesky plant. It is toxic to grazing animals, has a foul smell and wreaks havoc in the garden. But even this weed has its better side, according to a report in Business Week (March 9, 1987). Some types of jimsonweed flourish where most plants fear to tread: in soil highly contaminated with metal pollutants. Department of Energy researchers are study- ing the feasibility of planting jimsonweed in old strip mines, while other metal- loving plants are being examined for their adaptibility to the high-aluminum soils that result when acid rain leaches aluminum from rocks. Researchers at the Los Alamos National Laboratory in New Mexico have found a special protein in these plants that ties up the metal compounds, preventing pollutants from entering the plants' cells. If the gene that codes for that protein could be isolated, it is possible we could develop a new way to control industrial pollution. (Source: National Gardening , "Grist-Gardener's News Roundup," November, 1987, pps. 18-19-) "The greatest service which can be rendered any country is to add a useful plant to its culture." --Thomas Jefferson - 7 - CAPAB I L I TY 1 S--THE GARDENING BOOKSTORE'S new 1988 catalog has more than 780 books to offer on all facets of gardening and related subjects. For a catalog, call toll-free 1-800-247-8154, or write: CAPABILITY'S Books, Box 114 Highway 46, Deer Park, Wisconsin 54007- STATES FIND NATIVE PLANTS HELP SAVE MONEY AND WILDLIFE . Across the country, native plants are back in vogue for landscaping and wildlife habitat. Local groups are painstakingly replanting sea grasses essential for small fish along Florida beaches and restoring thorn forests on former farmland in the Southwest to pro- vide habitat for ocelots and jaguarundia. In California, the U.S. Fish and Wild- life Service spearheaded a project to replace such noxious weeds as gorse and brown with native silver lupine on San Bruno Mountain, recreating crucial habitat for the endangered mission blue butterfly. Native shrubs and herbs also are being restored to the San Francisco Presidio, an area densely overgrown with imported eucalyptus and pine trees. To save on irrigation and maintenance costs, the Cali- fornia Department of Transportation is turning to native trees and shrubs for highway beautification and erosion control. (Source: National Wildlife, October/ November, 1987, p. 29.) WILD PLANT PAPERCUTTING NOTECARDS . These unusual and unique notecards with kalei- doscope-like depictions of leaves and flowers of trees, herbs and wild edibles, are available in sets of five for $3.00. For further information or order re- quests, send inquiries to: Becca Harber, Route 1 Box 327, Spencer, New York 14883. 0RFG0N ENDANGERED SPECIES ACT was signed by their governor on June 28, 1987, making it the 26th state with a plant protection law specifically dealing with endangered species. The new law, which is written for both plants and animals, took effect September 28th, 1987. The Oregon Department of Agriculture plans to hire a full-time botanist to administer the plant program. DEATH TO DANDELIONS ! Guelph, Ontario, Canada-At last, victory over the one lawn "weed" that goads more gardeners into using chemical herbicides than any other may soon be here. A new biological herbicide--a fungus that wipes out dandelions without harming turf grass--is now under development at the University of Guelph. By attacking leaves and growing down into plants' taproots, the fungus quickly wipes out young dandelions. Older, larger-rooted ones succumb after a few treat- ments. But before the fungus is marketed — probably sometime in the 1 990 ' s--p 1 an t pathologist Lee Burpee hopes to discover whether treated turf will host enough fungi to protect lawns for several seasons. Unfortunately, the fungus also kills clover. So Burpee is working on ways to keep the fungus from spreading to other susceptible plants by using strains that do not produce windblown spores. (Source: Rodale's Organic Gardening , Vol . 34, No. 11, November 1987, p. 13.) ADDRESS CHANGE REMINDER . We have had several newsletters returned to us because of a change of address. Please notify us of a change (or correction) of address; or that you are away and only receiving first class mail, or for any other reason that may disrupt your receipt of the News letter . Returned newsletters will be re- issued at a cost of $1.00 each. If you fail to receive a newsletter, receive one that is poorly printed or mutilated in the mail, or have any other problems, please notify the TNPS, Department of Botany, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-1100. Back iss ues are also available for $1.00 each. "What is a weed? A plant whose virtues have not yet been d i scovered . "--Ra 1 ph Waldo Emerson in Fortune of the Republic. - 8 - THE 20TH ANNUAL FROZEN HEAD WILDFLOWER PILGRIMAGE will be held during the month of April, 1 988 . Those of you who have conducted group hikes or programs in the past or would like to assist in the 1988 Wildflower Pilgrimage, please consider this your official invitation! The success of past wildflower pilgrimages has been based on experienced group leaders and the variety of programs offered. During the month of April we would like to feature guided hikes, slide presenta- tions, bird walks, and an aquatic program. This year, they suggest co-leaders to help with the guided hikes (feel free to contact a co-leader of your choice.) If you are interested in participating in the- wi Idf lower pilgrimage, contact: David Engebretson, Interpretive Specialist, Tennessee Department of Conservation, Division of Parks and Recreation, Frozen Head State Natural Area, Route 2, Box 1302, Wartburg, TN 37887, or call (615)346-3318. ORGANIZATIONS OF INTEREST : Center for Plant Conservation , 125 The Arborway, Jamaica Plain, MA 02130; (617) 524-6988 . Formed in 1984 to create a systematic, comprehensive national program of plant conservation of endangered American plants, coordinates programs of botanical gardens. Perennial Plant Association , Steven M. Still, 217 Howlett Hall, Columbus, OH ^32 1 0; (61 5) 422-6027. T rade association founded in 1 983 to coordinate interest in perennials through symposia, conferences and newsletters. (4) Newsletters, (1) Perennial Plant Symposium Proceedings. Dues based on Gross Income. Also, have private conferences and book sales. Perennial Seed Exchange , Michael Pilarski, P.0. Box 1466, Chelan, WA 988 1 6 . An exchange open to all gardeners, offering seeds of all types of perennial plants. New directory, $3.00. WELCOME TO OUR NEW MEMBERS Gottfried, Yolande McCurdy, Sewanee, TN Griffith, Jean & Charles, Brentwood, TN Hite, Ellen, Estill Springs, TN Morgan, Juanita, Newcomb, TN *New LIFE Member Otis, Linda Day, Nashville, TN Parks, C.A., Monterey, TN *Sewell, Ester, Oak Ridge, TN Tilt, Ken & Reba , Alcoa, TN "The elements of wilderness minister mentally and spiritually to man, satisfying his craving for the beautiful and restful. The blossom on the tree, the sweep of poppy fields, the aroma of chaparrel , after rain--these make an all but uni- versal appeal. There can be no doubt of our natural craving for the woods and flowering fields." --W. L. Jepson (1917) Permission is hereby granted to reprint material contained within this Newletter provided proper credit is given to the author/editor and to the Tenness ee Native -.liar De P artment of Rotan Y> The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 5 / 9 9- I I 00 . - 9 - 1988 CALENDAR OF EVENTS January 8-10 CALLAWAY GARDENS SOUTHERN PERENNIALS SYMPOSIUM . Contact: Mary Crain Penniman, Symposium Coordinator, Callaway Gardens, Ida Cason Callaway Foundation, Pine Mountain, Georgia 31822; or call (404) 663-5103. (Details in this News letter.) January 13-16 RESTORING THE EARTH • 1 988 CONFERENCE at the University of Cal i — fornia, Berkeley. Information and a conference summary are available from: Restoring the Earth Conference, 1713 C Martin Luther King Jr. Way, Berkeley, CA 94709; or call (415)843-2645. April 14-16 AMERICAN HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY 43RD ANNUAL MEETING , Atlanta, Georgia. For information, write to: American Horticultural Society, Box 0105, Mount Vernon, Virginia 22121. April 28, 29 38TH ANNUAL SPRING WILDFLOWER PILGRIMAGE IN GATLINBURG, TN ! & 30 The Spring Wildf lower Pilgrimage is a three-day program of con- ducted wildflower walks, motorcades, and photographic tours in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park. Sponsors are the Botany Department of The University of Tennessee, The Gatl in- burg Garden Club, the Southern Appalachian Botanical Club and Great Smoky Mountains National Park, with the assistance of the Gatl inburg Chamber o-f Commerce. For further information, con- tact: Department of Botany, The University of Tennessee, Knox- ville, TN 37996“ 1100; or call (615) 974-2256. Volunteers are needed for this event: Coord i nator (s ) , persons to set up the TNPS booth and to man the booth. Many of you have already ex- pressed an interest on your 1 988 Membership Form. June 5“7 1 988 NATIONAL LANDSCAPE DESIGN SYMPOSIUM , Louisiana State Univ- ersity, Baton Rouge, LA. Edward L. Blake, Jr., Director of the Crosby Arboretum, Picayune, Ml will be one of the principal speakers. His topic will be: "Wi ldf lowers-A Fresh Look At De- signs New Exotic". For further information, write: LSU Short Courses and Conferences, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 ; or call ( 808 ) 225-5578 or (808)388-6621 . BOOKS/MAGAZINES DICTIONARY OF PLANT NAMES by A.J. Coombes . Cross refer- ences common plant names with their botanical equivalents and explains origins, meanings and pronunciations. Alpha- betized lisitings also indicate genus, family, garden use and hardiness with the various species listed under each genus. A must book in every gardener's library! $9-95 (Check your local bookstore, or request the Fail/Winter 1 987 / 1988 book catalog- Hortus- f rom TIMBER PRESS, 9999 SW Wil- shire, Portland, OR 97225). GARDENING BY MAIL 2: A SOURCE BOOK by Barbara J. Barton. More than 1200 nurseries and seed companies in the United States and Canada, indexed by plant specialities and also 10 by location. More than 300 garden supply and service companies in the United States and Canada, indexed by product or service and trade names. More than 200 plant and horticultural societies, throughout the English-speaking world, indexed by special interest. More than 100 useful gardening books for refer- ence, basic information, and pleasure reading. More than 100 horticultural libraries for research, listed by location. More than 50 horticultural and gardening magazines and newsletter. More than 2 r 000 listings in all! Look for this excellent reference/sourcebook at your local bookstore, or order from TUSKER PRESS, Order Department, P.0. Box 59700*4, San Francisco, CA 9*4159 for $18.50 (postpaid) per copy. Telephone orders accepted with MasterCard or Visa- (*♦15)931-7877. Allow 6 to 8 weeks for delivery. ( TNPS IS LISTED IN THIS BOOK! ) RESTORING THE EARTH-How Americans are Working to Renew Our Damaged Environment. by John J. Berger. Major environmental problems can be solved through ecologi- cal restoration — the repair of damaged resources and the re-creation of eco- systems. Here are heartening success stories of dynamic individuals and groups who are taking environmentalism a great step beyond conservation. Americans are rescuing rivers, lakes, streams, forests, prairies, and wi 1 d 1 i fe--peop 1 e dedicated to restoring the earth. Forward by Morris K. Udall, Member of Con- gress. Order from: DOUBLEDAY, 501 Franklin Avenue, Garden City, N.Y. 11530; $9-95 plus $1.50 shipping and handling per copy. THE KEW MAGAZ I NE- Timber Press is now the North American distributor for the Ro- yal Botanic Garden's Kew Magaz i ne , whose reputation as the leading English- language horticultural journal has persisted for two centuries. Each issue features articles by internationally recognized plant authorities and 6 four- color plates of fine botanic art. The magazine is published quarterly, U.S. editions available in March, June, September and December. Subscription for 1988 is $50.00, including shipping and handling. Send check, money order, Visa, MasterCard or American Express to: TIMBER PRESS, 9999 S.W. Wilshire, Portland, OR 97225. EXPLORING SEED STORAGE OF ENDANGERED PLANTS Cultivated collections are the most widely used and visible approach to germplasm conservation. However, other methods are used to maintain living material. Several Participating Institutions of the Center for Plant Conser- vation have been developing experience with the particularly promising tool of low temperature seed storage. Storing seed is a natural way to create genetically diverse offsite col- lections of rare plants. A complete seedlot, representing a thorough sample of an entire wild population, can be stored in a container small enough to hold in the palm of your hand. Seeds are a safe and convenient form in which to ship plant material. Additionally, the expense of seed storage over time may be relatively low, compared to the expense of continually growing and propagat- i ng plants. Space and cost considerations, however, are only part of the picture. Per- haps the most important advantage of seed storage is the lenqth of time that original plant material can be kept alive. Seeds are living plant tissue and must be either germinated or kept in a dormant state if they are to remain via- ble. For many native plants, especially those of temperate regions, the seeds have a dormancy mechanism triggered by a low then a high temperature; this enables seeds set in the fall to remain dormant throughout the winter, germi- nating the following spring or summer. Seed storage mimics this natural pro- cess; keeping the seeds at low temperatures maintains dormancy for long periods. Metabolic processes are so slow under these conditions that seeds may remain viable for decades, even centuries. Conventional seed storage frequently takes place in a large walk-in cooler, much like the kind used in a supermarket. Some storage is just above freezing temperature (5°C) at moderate humidity (40% relative humidity). Many plants can be stored for much longer periods under colder, drier conditions (-18°C, 10% r.h.). The key to storing seed below freezing is reducing the moisture con- tent inside the seed; if too much water remains in the seed, ice crystals will form, killing the fragile embryonic tissue. The National Seed Storage Laboratory (NSSL) and other laboratories have re- cently begun working with "cryopreservat ion" , or storage at extremely low temper- atures, below what would be encountered in nature. The most commonly used tech- nology involves storage in vats of liquid nitrogen, which is stable at -196°C. While storage at such low temperatures is a new technique, evidence suggests that many seeds remain viable almost indefinitely in these conditions. In addition, once the initial equipment is installed, cryopreservat ion can be relatively in- expensive (less than $500 per tank, per year) and reliable. Like any technology, seed storage is not without its problems. The most significant problem from a conservation point of view is that seed storage tech- niques have only recently been applied to native plants. Thus there is very little data to guide botanic gardens or seed technologists in selecting optimal conditions. Many groups of plants — especially tropical plants, and trees with large, oily seeds--may lack the necessary dormancy mechanism or the ability to survive the low temperature and humidity. And there is always the possibility that there is differential survival among stored seed, so that we are in effect selecting for genotypes that will respond to storage conditions. Despite these problems, seed storage appears to be a potentially valuable technique for germplasm conservation. Collections are already being maintained wholly or in part as seed. Several of the Center's Participating Institutions, including The Berry Botanic Garden, Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden, and Desert Botanical Garden, operate or utilize local seed banks for their collections. The Center is also developing a cooperative program with the USDA National Plant Germplasm System (NPGS) for seed storage. Under this cooperation Participating Institutions of the Center can deposit seed for long-term maintenance in USDA facilities. The cooperation represents NPGS's first major commitment to rare native plants and the first time the conservation community has sought coopera- tion with NPGS. The recently released report by the Office of Technology Assess- ment, Technologies to Maintain Biological Diversity , encourages development of such cooperative programs, using NPGS and the Center as a model. Dr. Henry Shands, National Program Leader for USDA germplasm programs, describes the coop- eration as "an important adjunct to the traditional role of preserving economic plant relatives. Endangered plants are part of our rich cultural heritage," he continues. "Additionally, some may have future economic uses we don't yet know of." Seed storage may help the Center to accomplish many of its central goals, while contributing to national germplasm programs. (This article was written by Donald Falk, The Center for Plant Conservation, Volume 2, Number 3. Summer, 1987, p. 7.) "I rank (botany) with the most valuable sciences, whether we consider its subjects as furnishing the principal subsistence of life to man and beast, delicious vari- eties for our tables, refreshments from our orchards, the adornments of our flower- borders, shade and perfume of our groves, materials from our buildings, or medica- ments for our bodies." --Thomas Jefferson 12 NATIVE PLANT SPECIES RECOMMENDED FOR TENNESSEE* Ach i 1 1 ea mill efo I i urn (Yarrow) Amsonia tabernae-montana (Bluestar) Aquilegia canadensis (Col umb i ne) Asclepias tuberosa (Butterfly weed) Aster novae-angl iae (New England aster) Aster undulatus (Blue woods aster) Bel amcanda chinensis (Blackberry lily) Bidens polylepis (Burr marigold) Campanula americana (American bellflower) Cassia fasciculata (Partridge pea) Cass ia mar i 1 and i ca (Wild senna) Datura stramonium (Jimsonweed) Daucus carota (Queen Anne's lace) Ech i nacea tennesseens i s (Tennessee conef lower) Eupatorium coelestinum (Mistf lower) Eupa to r i urn f i s t u 1 osum (Joe pye weed) Eupatorium incarnatum (False vanilla) Eupator i urn novae-borasens i s ( I ronweed) Eupatorium rugosum (Snakeroot) Hel en i urn nud i f lorum (Sneezeweed) He 1 i anthus angust i fol ius (Narrow leaf sunflower) Hibiscus moscheutos (Rose mallow) Hypericum frondosum (St. John's wort Impat i ens pal 1 ida ~TSpotted jewel weed) Kostel etzkya virginica (Seashore mallow) Lobelia cardinal is (Cardinal flower) Lobe 1 ia siphi 1 itica (Great blue lobelia) Lychnis alba (White campion) Mimulus ringens (Monkey flower) Penstemon austra 1 i s (Purple beardtongue) Penstemon calycosus (Violet beardtongue) Penstemon digitalis (White beardtongue) Penstemon pa 1 1 idus (Pale beardtongue) Ratibida columnifera (Mexican hat) Rudbeckia serotina (Black-eyed Susan) Rudbeckia triloba (Black-eyed Susan) Ruellia carol i n iens i s (Wild petunia) Sisyrinchium angust i fo 1 i urn (Blue-eyed grass) Stokes i a laevis (Stoke's aster) Verbascum blattaria (Moth mullein) Verbascum thapsus l~Aa ron ' s Rod ) For other suitable species, contact the local/state nurseries listed on the last page of the Newsletter. (From the files of the National Wildf lower Research Center Clearinghouse. *Species listed on the native plant seed list for Cheekwood Botanical Garden, Nashville, TN.) CAUTION : During the Holiday Season, many people hang mistletoe and have potted poin- settias. The berries of mistletoe ( Phoradendron flavescens ) are poisonous if eaten. Fortunately, most mistletoe on the market today has had the real berries removed and replaced with plastic' ones. The poinsettia ( Eupho rb i a pulcherrima) juices are very poisonous if eaten. Again, however, many of the poinsettias on the market today are hybrids and non-toxic. Nevertheless, avoid anyone-adult, child or pet-from eatina any parts of these plants. The orange-colored berries of the Jerusalem cherry (Sola- num pseudo capsicum ) are also highly poisonous if eaten. Other plants of interest that are poisonous if eaten are as follows : English Ivy ( Hedera hel i x ) -a I I parts are poisonous; J imsonweed (Datura stramon i urn) -seeds and other pa rts ; Oleander ( Oleander nerium )-al 1 parts; Rhododendron (Rhododendron) -fol iaqe Yew (Taxus)- leaves, bark and seeds are toxic, and juice of the foliage is poisonous. Foxglove ( Digitalis purpurea ) -fol iaqe is dangerous, but used in medicine; Henbane ( Hyoscyamus niger )- juice is very poisonous. Plants that are poisonous on contact : Buttercup ( Ranunculus )-leaves ; Jack-in-the- Pulpit ( Arisaema t r i phy 1 1 urn ) - 1 eaves , corms; Lady's slipper ( Cypr i ped i urn ) - 1 eaves and stems; Primula ( "Primula obcon i ca ) - 1 eaves ; Snow-on-the-mountaTn ( Euphorb i a) -mi 1 ky juice; and others. Consult with an expert, a source book, and hopefully not a poison control center after ingestion. (Source: Grolier Encyclopedia International, 1972, Volume 14, p. 4 13.) . NATIVE PLANT/SEED SOURCES SlNKlN c^ fe^pRlNGS We are NEW on the scene. Just decided to open for business last Summer. Bought our license, had our nursery inspected and approved by the State, and are now ready to offer you a wide selection of native wildflower plants; plus some from as far away as Australia, Japan, England, and West Germany. We do not plan to ship. We would rather let you come to our nursery and hand pick the plants that you want. We want to thank everyone that has come to just visit and/or patronize our nursery. You are welcome to come anytime. Please just give us a call for directions, and to let us know when to expect you. For a list of our plants, please send a SASE to: SINKING SPRINGS GARDENS, Route 1 Box 93A, Clinton, TN 37716; call (615)457-1864. Route 1 GARDENS Box 93A Clinton, Phone (615) 457-1864 Jim 4 Mearl Macres TN 37716 VIGOROUS, NURSERY-GROWN WILDFLOWERS for all wildflower gardens, rich or poor soil, shady or sunny conditions, natural areas or established gardens. Showy, reliable, easy. 32-page booklet describes species, gives cultural requirements, and suggests landscape uses and combina- tions-^ .00. SUNLIGHT GARDENS, Route 3 Box 286-T, Loudon, TN 37774. We also offer complete landscaping services using native plants. Call (615)386-6071 . (A Route Native (gardens i PLANTS AND SEEDS of your favorite TENNESSEE WILD- FLOWERS. Our stock is 100% nursery propagated. Most of our stock is grown in containers which assures your success at almost any season of the year. We have selections for most garden condi- tions from woodland to meadows and our catalogue includes all the information you need to help you choose the best plants for your situation. We also have design, consultation and landscaping services available should you need help with small or large projects. Send a SASE for informative catalogue to: NATIVE GARDENS, Route 1 Box 43A, Greenback, TN 37742. 1 Box 494 \ Greenback , T N 37742 Home Grown Wildflowers. Traditional Garden Perennials. Large selection of plants and seed available. Quality guaranteed. Cata- log $1.00, refundable with order. NATURAL GARDENS, 113 Jasper Lane, Oak Ridge, TN 37830. Volume 10 Number 6 December 1987 •ipea 00*1$ 3[qe[ieAe sanssi >peg *aoueApe ui s>)a 3 M x j s ssajppe ui a 6 ueqo ±o sn A^rqou asea ld -0011-96 Sli N1 ‘aujAxoux ‘aassauuaj. jo Ai|SjaAjup) aqj. ‘Aueqog 30 quaun jedag am qqiM uoj)ej 3 QSs e uj (jaqwaoag pue ‘jaqoqoo ‘}sn 6 n\/ ' 3un r ‘ll-Jdv ‘ Ajenjqaj) A[qquouj|q paqsi[qnd sj jaq 5 a[SMa N Aqajoos iue[ d aAiqe^ aassauuaj. aqj. *uu«x /o •*>«n atvd *6*n*o,j -s*n •»JO HJOi^-UO* J? cUHStfSSMW M3N3H ianssi isvi >|3znj -q >)je W pieMg epuiq ( J 3MO [ J U O I sse d ) uojuag ejpneig sqsjqj\/ 6ui}nqjj}uog >liej p[euoa J 05 jp 3 Suiqnqjjquog >l 3zn d ’I >|Jew 3aiq0-ui-jo;jp3 paqsanbay uotioaxioo ssa-tppv OOLI-966ZE 33SS3NN3X 3“niAXONX 33SS3NN3X 30 AXISa3AINn 3H1 iN3MidVd3a ANV1O0 A13I3DS INVld 3AI1VN 33SS3NN31 P0 1 NSETT I A ( Euphorb i a pu I cher r ima ) HUPHORB I ACEAE Family Poinsettias are showy plants be- cause of their bright red bracts (sheathing leaves), which have become a symbol for the Christ- mas season. The poinsettia is native to Mexico and parts of Central Ameri- ca. It was introduced to the United States in 1828 by Joel R. Poinsett of Charleston, SC, who was then the U.S. minister to Mex i co . In addition to the bright red poinsettia, other varieties with pink and white bracts are culti- vated. There also exists a double poinsettia that is rarely grown. WISHING YOU A WONDERFUL HOLIDAY SEASON AND A HAPPY NEW YEAR!