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LORD BYNG OF VI:\IY
Commander of the 3rd Army

THE WAR WORK

OF THE COUNTY OF

LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

PUBLISHED UNDER THE AUSPICES OF THE
LENNOX AND ADDINGTON HISTORICAL SOCIETY

BY

WALTER S. HERRINGTON. K.C.. ER.S.C.. President
AND
REV. A. J. WILSON. B.A.. B.D.. Secretary

1922
THE BEAVER PRESS
NAPANEE. ONTARIO. CANADA

DEDICATED

TO THE MEMORY OF THE

FALLEN HEROES

OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

II WUh generous hands they paid the price,
Unconscious of the cost;
Buf 'We musf gauge the sacrifice
By all thal they hacoe lost."

CONTENTS

PART I.-A detailed account of the Red Cross work of
the County, alphabetically arranged.

PART H.-The Honor Roll of the County, containing the
names, alphabetically arranged, of the
young men and women who enlisted for
service in the army or other war work.

PART lH.-An account of the Patriotic Fund and other
organizations in the County devoted to
war work.

PART lV.-In Ivlemoriam.-Brief biographical sketches,
alphabetically arranged, of all members of
the Canadian Expeditionary Force from
Lennox and Addington, who lost their lives
during the war.

PREFACE

The purpose of this volume is to place on record in an
enduring form the achievements of the people of Lennox
and Addington in the Great War. No event in the history
of the co un ty stirred them to such depths or called forth
such prolonged and united efforts, the full effect of which
no one can measure. The zeal displayed in the cause that
lay so near to the hearts of all classes and ages was a
revelation to themselves, for when they once grasped the
full significance of the issues at stake, all other considera-
tions were laid aside and all their energies were centred
upon the winning of the war. There were, of course,
exceptions in both town and country; but these only
emphasized the general rule that the great mass of the
people were thoroughly alive to the needs of the situation.
They were living in a new world, breathing a new but
invigorating atmosphere and as they paused in their
manifold efforts, when the war was at its fiercest stage,
and looked back upon the peaceful days of a few years
before, it all seemed strange to them. So, now, since the
belligerents have laid down their anns, and we look back
to the days of the war, we ask ourselves "can it be that we
actually passed through all those years of turmoil, strife,
anxiety and sorrow?" There is such a difference between
peace and war that our very natures seem to have under-
gone a change in passing from the one to the other. They
are so wholly irreconcilable, that we find it difficult to
reconstruct in our minds a true picture of one period while
we are engrossed in the other. If this be true of most of
us so soon after the war has ceased, how essential it is that

PREFACE

we should now, while events are fresh in our memories,
endeavor to preserve for future generations a record of
what took place in our own county and what was done by
those whom we may fairly claim as representing our
county during this most eventful period of our history.
l\lany were the misgivings before the testing time
actually arrived, as to how our soldier lads, with no previous
military experience or training, would measure up with the
regulars of the Old Country when brought face to face with
the skilled fighting machine of the Teutons. All doubts
were dispelled after their first baptism of fire. Indeed,
their reputation for bravery and resourcefulness increased
to such an extent, that the shifting of the Canadians to a
new position on the Western front was a signal to the
Germans immediately to strengthen that particular point
and when General Haig required shock troops to pierce the
Hindenburg Line, the Canadians were chosen for the per-
formance.
Quite as remarkable was the manner in which they
were absorbed again upon demobolization into the civilian
population. Our government and press for months after
the armistice was signed were greatly agitated to know
what to do in order to re-establish our returned men, and
found in the end, with very rare exceptions, that the
returned soldier problem, as the vexed question was styled,
had solved itself. They simply disappeared into civilian
life, and a modest bronze button worn in the left lapel of
the coat is the only visible sign in most instances that the
wearer once belonged to the Canadian Expeditionary Force.
The authors realize that the whole of the county's part
in the war can never be told. We found ourselves confront-
ed with difficulties at every turn, especially in respect to
securing information regarding the volunteers for the
army. Among the first to respond to their country's call
were scores of young men who had been born in the Old
Land and who, perhaps, had resided in Canada only a
few years. Their dearest ties were still in the Old Country

PREFACE

and upon enlisting they quite naturally gave the names of
their friends overseas as their next of kin.
1:any of these
never returned and the only information available is what
could be gathered from the casualty lists. Doubtless full
justice will be done to their memory in the records of some
other locality, for in many cases where the soldiers have
lived in more than one place their names will appear upon
more than one roll of honor. This is as it should be, for
each place where he resided for any length of time can
justly claim some share of the honor flowing from the
sacrifice he made.
In preparing our list of those who served in the army,
we have been actuated by one desire only, and that was to
secure the names of all who might reasonably be claimed
as Lennox and Addington men. Hundreds of nanles were
sent in and in many instances nothing but the names.
Information concerning these has been sought by means
of questionaires, letters and enquiries both personal and
through the press. It was found in some instances that,
through some mistake as to the intended scope of our work,
names of men from other counties had been sent in. These
of course were eliminated together with all those where the
names only had been received; for, without some further
information establishing the fact that the individual in
question was entitled to be enrolled as a representative of
this county, we did not feel justified in treating him as such.
It is quite probable that many will be disappointed to find
that the names of their friends do not appear in these
pages. To all such, we can only say that while we deeply
regret the omission, we can assume no responsibility for
it. We have repeatedly asked for the information and haye
delayed publication in the hope that it would be forthcom-
ing. Without it we could adopt no other course than to
omit the names not vouched for. We have by the merest
chance secured particulars concerning many others, whose
names would have been omitted but for our good fortune
in getting the information from some unexpected source,

PREFACE

and those, whose duty it was to send it, expressed surprise
that we had not received it sooner, believing it had been
sent by some other friend of the soldier in question. This
leads us to believe that there are many others in a similar
position, so that the number of representatives recorded in
the succeeding pages is far below the number entitled to be
iIicluded there.
The information in many cases is very meagre. This
too, is due to several causes. Our soldiers were chosen
from all ranks of life, and among them were many who were
not accustomed to writing letters. It is a well known fact,
too, that by far the greater proportion of the returned men
are very reluctant about discussing their expeniences at
the front. When they cast aside their uniforms, most of
them endeavored to seal up the book of memory, so far as
it related to the war and, in most instances, all efforts to
pry it open are unavailing. In writing from the front they
had the censor to reckon with and their inclination was to
confine their letters to family matters and avoid all
reference to what was actually going on in the trenches.
We desire gratefully to acknowledge the prompt
responses and complete statistics furnished us by the
executive officers of the various patriotic organizations in
the county. Our thanks are due to Mr. W. G. Wilson,
County Clerk, for his pains in classifying and turning over
to us much useful data received by him in preparing the list
of names engraved upon the county monument. Without
the assistance of the Napanee Beaver and Express in
generously placing their columns at our disposal, much
useful information secured by this means would have been
beyond our reach. We are also deeply indebted to the
returned men and their friends, and the friends of those
who are sleeping in heroes' graves for the hundreds of
letters received and the large number of photographs of
the soldiers forwarded to us. It was our intention to
reproduce and publish the photographs of those who laid
down their lives, but we found it impossible to secure

PREFACE

suitable pictures of so many that we were forced to abandon
the idea. All photographs thus receiyed will be catalogued
and preserved among the archives of the Society.
From the Napanee Red Cross Society and the U. E. L.
Chapter of the Daughters of the Empire we received
substantial financial assistance which enables the Society
to place this book within reach of all, who desire it, at a
figure considerably less than the actual cost of production.
To our readers we may say that we are fully aware of
many imperfections in our treatment of the subject matter.
To choose from the mass of material at our disposal that
which would best serve the end we had in view, was not
in all cases identical with selecting that which would prove
most interesting to the reader of to-day. We endeavored.
to strike a happy mean and, above all, aimed at accuracy
in our presentation of facts, so that the future historian
will find them a reliable foundation upon which to base his
conclusions. In dealing with the personal history of so
many individuals, no doubt many errors have crept in; but,
upon the whole, we feel that, from the viewpoint of the
statistician, the information contained in this volume is
thoroughly trustworthy.

W. S. HERRINGTON.
A. J. WILSON.

Napanee, January 2nd, 1922.

.

PART I
RED CROSS WORK

One of the most important chapters in the history of
the world war, and one which in the nature of the case can
never receive the recognition it deserves, is that which tells
of the part the women of the na tion played to ensure
success to the arms of the allies. Thousands of miles away
from the scene of action, without the excitement of new
conditions, new environment, nevI companions and a new
ad\genture that caught the imagination of the youth of the
nation, and tided them over many a hard and difficult spot,
these mothers, sisters and friends, worked day in and day
out, sewing and knitting, that those on the battle field
might be more adequately supplied with those little
conlforts the nation in arms did not provide.
In the factory, tender hands that had hitherto known
no harder work than attending to the home duties or social
functions of their class, soon became hardened, calloused,
and worn as they lea!'ned the use of machines and instru-
ments that were for the production of death-dealing
projectiles. No half way measure would suffice. It was
not a mere game or novelty, but a task to be done,
conscientiously and thoroughly. Donning the overalls and
smocks, they soon learned the use of turret, lathe and drill,
nlandrils, calipers, gauges, dies and taps: these thingg
which had been totally unknown to them, were now a
familiar part of their daily life.
Not only in the factory, but on the farms,-in camps
or singly,-school teachers, stenographers, young ladieR of

16 \V AR \VORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

leisure, bore the heat and burden of the day, gathering
fruit, digging weeds, or reaping the harvest, as they sought
to take the place vacated by their brothers. In the store,
in the office, in the factory, as mechanics, chauffeurs,
painters, farmers and nurses, this untrained army of noble
young life, manifesting qualities of fortitude and skill
hitherto unknown, toiled day or night that the production
of food, clothing and munitions might be kept to the
highest point.
Then too, there were the great organizations of older
women, the mothers and wives of those who had gone, who
from every hamlet, village, town and city, met almost daily
to do with their own hands those tasks of love and
kindness, which it was possible only for them to do. Day
and night, in silence, unnoticed at first and unrecognized,
they plodded away. Socks by the thousands were knitted
by them, and into every stitch was breathed a prayer for
the comfort and safety of brave lads for whom they were
intended. Pyjamas and bandages for those in hospitals
accumulated in an incredibly short time, and boxes of
sweet meats and comforts by the thousands were prepared
and mailed. By means of teas, dances, sales, bazaars,
pageants, plays, concerts and a thousand other ways that
only the mind of woman could devise for the purpose,
money was secured and wisely and economically spent and
administered.
They showed as well a genius for government, leader-
ship and organization, that speedily won for them world-
wide recognition. And the franchise, which for years had
been denied, was freely and gladly granted by the govern-
ments of the allied peoples.
It is impossible to incorporate all these matters in cold
print, or even to give a vague idea of the amount of work
tha t was done by the women of Lennox and Addington.
No spiritual thing can ever be enclosed within the confines
of stated figures and facts. To enumerate the number of
socks made would give no adequate description of the com-

RED ICR-OSS WORK

17

fort and happiness that these gifts brought to the boys who,
but for them, would ha,-e had to suffer cold and sickness.
So that in giving the following statistics it is
hoped to convey some slight idea of the amount that was
completed, to pay a deserving tribute to the devotion and
consecration of the women of the county, and to preserve in
some permanent form a record of their labor. Inadequate
as that must necessarily be, it is the only 11leanS at our
disposal.
The account of the work done is herewith presented by
societies, arranged in alphabetical order.

ADOLPHUSTOWN RED CROSS SOCIETY
Prior to 1918 the women from Sillsville and Adolphus-
town did their war work through the Sillsville Women's
Institute under the leadership of the following officers :_
President-Mrs. Geo. A. Ruttan.
Vice-President-Mrs. C. F. Allison.
Secretary-Treasurer-Miss Annabell McGee.
But in 1918 it was deemed advisable to form a chartered
branch of the Canadian Red Cross Society in Adolphus-
town, that they might deal directly with those responsible
for the shipment of the comforts and boxes prepared. On
April 16th, 1918, a meeting was held for this purpose, and
the following organization effected :-
Chairman-Mrs. James Dorland.
1st Vice-Chairman-Mrs. H. M. Johnston.
2nd Vice-Chairman-Mrs. M. B. Trumpour.
Secretary-Treasurer-Mrs. T. N. Davis.
At the annual meeting held in October of that year the
following officers were elected :-
Chairman-Mrs. H. M. Johnston.
1st Vice-Chairman-Mrs. M. B. Trumpour.
2nd Vice-Chairman-Mrs. N. D. Roblin.
Secretary-Treasurer-Mrs. T. N. Davis.

18 W A'R WORJK OF LENNOX AND ADDING
ON

There were fifty-eight l11embers of this branch, and
though organized so late in the war, they raised for all
purposes the sum of $755.69. Besides this, $15.00 a month
was secured by special subscription for the care of a pris-
oner-of-war, Pte. J. Gerald Pollard, whom the branch had
adopted.
The amount of work that was completed and sent to
headquarters in Toronto to be forwarded overseas included,
410 pairs of socks, 223 suits of pyjamas, 29 suits of pyjamas
for Kingston hospital, 25 personal property bags, 298
handkerchiefs, 9 stretcher caps, 36 towels, 6 wash cloths,
1 box of white flannel.
Besides this, there was sent to 56 Church St., Toronto,
for refugees of the Halifax disaster, 4 quilts, 10 pair socks,
9 pairs children's stockings, 1 pair mittens, 3 infants' petti-
coats, 8 feather piIlows, 1 suit of pyjaraas.
No account was kept prior to the organization of the
society as a chartered branch of all the work done by these
ladies, but the same diligence, energy and consecration
characterized all their labors, and the results during those
years were at least the equal of the years for which a
report is available. The total amount therefore accom-
plished by this smaIl but devoted and energetic band of
women cannot be tabulated, but that in no wise detracts
from the value of the work done, but rather serves to
emphasize how an-absorbing was the passion to assist in a
way that only womanly hands can do, in ministering to
needs which only a womanly heart can anticipate with
comforts which only a mother's love can devise and effect.

AMHERST ISLAND RED CROSS WORKERS.
Though separated from the mainland of the county,
the people of Amherst Island contributed their fuIl quota
of men, money and supplies to the nation and the Empire in
its time of need and anxiety. Their insular position gave
them a closer intimacy and a more personal interest in aU
who enlisted, than is possible in most districts, and this

RED CROS'S WORK

19

only served to intensify their activity in the war work of
every kind. Among their yarious undertakings was one
which deserves special mention. At a time when the
dearth of guns and ammunition was making itself felt on
the western front, the people of Amherst Island purchased
a machine gun at a cost of a thousand dollars which they
forwarded to the military 'authorities for their use in the
59th Battalion, under l\1-ajor W. L. Grant. In 1917 the
Council made a donation of $300.00 to the British Red
Cross, and in December of the same year granted $100.00
to the Halifax Relief fund. The women were in no sense
behind the men in their eagerness and readiness to serve.
As early as August 14th, 1914, they took up a subscription
for the Hospital Ship fund. Thereafter, until 1918, under
the leadership of l\lrs. R. D. MacDonald, President, l\lrs. D.
Caughey, Vice-President and Mrs. S. K. Tugwell, Secretary-
Treasurer, the Red Cross Society, which included practically
every woman on the Island, continued to save, to work, and
collect for every worthy appeal arising out of the war.
l\loney and goods were sent regularly during the war to
the Belgian Relief, the French Relief, and the Prisoner-of-
War Committees. The total sent in answer to these appeals
amounted to $825. Cash donations from time to time were
made to Red Cross Headquarters, which along with what
was spent on yarn and various other materials amounted
to $1115.00. In addition to this thirty-six boxes valued at
$140.00 were sent to soldiers from the Island who were
overseas.
The following list of articles completed and shipped
to Red Cross Headquarters is but an indication of the work
which these loyal and devoted women accomplished :-1100
pairs of socks, 300 anti-vermin suits, 58 stretcher caps, 51
comfort bags, 24 pyjama suits, 36 pneumonia jackets, 18
pillow pads, 300 handkerchiefs, 10 soldier kits, 12 rolls of
bandages, 195 day and hospital shirts. Scrap books, white
cotton and wristlets were included in each bale sent, of
which no record was retained.

20 WAR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

BATH RED CROSS SOCIETY
Two months after war was declared, a little company
of women in the Village of Bath, banded themselves
together and proceeded to organize a chartered branch of
the Canadian Red Cross Society, in order to do what they
could through that well organized and official channel, to
alleviate the suffering, to lighten the burden, and to
mitigate the severe strain of those who were called on to
endure hardship, danger, disease, and in many cases, death,
in the service of their country.
Mrs. D. T. Rouse was appointed President, Mrs. Chas.
Rose Vice-President, l\1rs. G. W. Cuppage Treasurer, and
Mrs. H. S. Northmore, Secretary.
These officers continued to direct the affairs of the
organization until after the end of the second year, when
an election resulted as follows :-
President-Mrs. D. T. Rouse.
Vice-President-1!rs. J. Forester.
Treasurer-Mrs. G. W. Cuppage.
Secretary-Mrs. H. S. No rthmore.
On the death of Mrs. Rouse, Mrs. J. Forester was
elected President, and 1\Irs. Max Robinson Vice-President.
During the fourth year Mrs. M. Robinson and Mrs. Chas.
Rose were President and Vice-President respectively, while
from October, 1918, to March, 1919, when the final meeting
was held and the affairs of the society wound up, Mrs.
Robinson was the President, and Mrs. Mark Rouse Vice-
President. During all these years the Secretary and the
Treasurer were not changed. The reports handed in at
the final meeting were the work of these two officers, who
had through four strenuous years looked after the records
and the finances.
The final meeting was held on March 13th, 1919, and
the following is an extract from the report of that meeting.
The number of articles shipped away included 1627

RED CROSS WORK

21

pyjamas and hospital shirts, 1520 pairs of socks, 780
various articles including 180 pillow slips, 134 sheets, 9
quilts, numerous blankets, pillows, towels, bandages, and
other needy articles including 205 jars of canned fruit. And
in all 67 Christmas boxes were sent overseas. The total
am.ount of money raised from various sources, entertain-
ments, fees, donations, sales, etc., was $3186.52.
Goods for work room, donations to motor ambulances,
endowment of four hospital beds in England, cash to
Headquarters, amounted to $3116.63, leaving a balance of
$79.89 held "in retentis", awaiting the decision of Central
Council as to the peace time policy of the Canadian Red
Cross.

BAY VIEW RED CROSS SOCIETY
The organization of the women of this district into a
chartered branch of the Canadian Red Cross Society was
effected in May, 1918, and continued in active operation
until the final reports were received in March, 1919.
During that time the society collected from all sources
$536.05. $10.00 of this amount was forwarded to the
headquarters of the Canadian Red Cross Society in
Toronto, $45.00 was given in aid of Belgian Relief, while
the remainder was expended on materials which were made
up into articles and forwarded overseas. 126 pairs of socks
were knitted, 50 suits of pyjamas made, as well at 150
towels, 60 property bags and stretcher caps. Sixteen boxes
were sent to boys at the front'from the district, and four
large boxes of miscellaneous articles of clothing were sent
to the Belgian Relief Committee.
Those in charge of the affairs of the society during
the year of its operations were :-
President-l\lrs. Gertrude Hicks.
Vice-President-Miss Maggie Joyce.
Secretary-Miss Gertrude Alkenbrack.
Treasurer-Mrs. Maud Galt.

22 W'AR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

CAMDEN EAST RED CROSS SOCIETY
For the first three years of the war the women of
Camden East had no separate organization of their own.
The appeal from overseas for socks and comforts was
imperative; every mail brought stories of the dire need of
those things which a nation-in-arms, organizing huge
armies, and mobalizing financial assistance, had no time to
supply. To get as much work dOlle as possible, and as
quickly as possible was the thought uppermost in the minds
of these women. The thought of a separate branch of the
Canadian Red Cross Society was not important enough to
deserve serious consideration. All the work that was done
and all the money that was contributed went through the
Newburgh Society. Fortunately, however, they kept an
account of what was accomplished during those years of
co-operation with Newburgh. $1122.82 was raised in
various ways, and the following creditable list of articles
conlpleted, 673 pairs of socks, 31 pillows, 50 pillow slips,
156 shirts and pyjama suits, 36 towels, 62 bandages, 60
property bags, 12 arm slings, and 9000 mouth wipes.
In October, 1917, a charter was taken out in the name
of the Camden East Branch of the Canadian Red Cross
Society, and the following officers elected :-
President-Mr. A. L. Houpt.
Vice-Presidents-Rev. R. W. Spencer, Mrs. A. Dickson,
J. A. Salisbury, Geo. Riley.
Secretary-lVlrs. B. Parrott.
Treasurer-Miss L. Martin.
For 1918-1919, the following officers were in charge of
the Society's affairs :-
President-Rev. R. W. Spencer.
Vice-Presidents-A. Dickson, J. A. Salisbury, Geo.
Riley, H. McGinnis.
Secretary-Miss B. Parrott.
Treasurer-Mrs. Guy Galbraith.

RED OROSS WORK

23

As a separate organization, $1309.08 was secured by
the usual methods, and the following articles sent over-
seas, 706 pairs of socks, 102 shirts, 146 pyjama suits, 486
towels, 26 pillows, 54 pillow slips, 186 property bags, 20
sailor comfort bags, 15 small kit bags, 3 quilts, 800 mouth
wipes.
The society, like most others in the county, was not
confined in its efforts to what in the narrowest sense might
be called Red Cross work, but gave liberally to the refugees,
who had been rendered homeless, by circumstances not of
their own making. To this work was contributed and sent
to Toronto, 120 women's and children's garments, 84 pairs
of men's socks, 11 pairs of bed socks, 26 pairs of children's
stockings, 168 towels, 11 suits of pyjamas, 24 shirts, 15
pounds of yarn, 96 handkerchiefs, and 18 self property
bags.

CENTREVILLE RED CROSS SOCIETY.
The Centreville Branch of the Canadian Red Cross
Society was organized as a separate society during 1917.
Before that they had worked with the Newburgh Society;
but it was realized that better and more efficient work could
be done in an organization of their own, when they could
meet more frequently and save much time that was spent
in tra veIling to and from N ewburgh. Consequently a
branch was organized with Mrs. W. J. McGill as President,
Mrs. F. C. Gerow Treasurer, and Miss Irene Cassidy Secre-
tary. While the report from this society shows that great
effort and energy were exerted in the interest of the
soldiers, yet it in no way represents the total that was
accomplished by this loyal community, for the greater part
of their work and contribution was pooled with those of
the parent society.
The following report covers the last two years of the
war, 1917-18. During this period the society made and
sent overseas, 350 pairs of socks, 15 surgical shirts, 43 suits
of pyjamas, 13 flannel shirts, 18 bed jackets, 76 pairs of

24 WIAR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDING
ON

sheets, 68 pillow cases, 175 towels, 51 wash cloths, 144
handkerchiefs and 134 mouth wipes.
The amount of $712.95 was raised, and, after paying
for all material used, they were able as well to make cash
contributions to the Head Office in Toronto.

CROYDON RED CROSS SOCIETY
There were no fixed boundaries limiting the sphere of
operations of the numerous societies doing Red Cross work
in the county. Each particular organization reached out
in all directions and wherever a willing worker could be
found she was welcomed to the circle. There were many
over-Iappings, but, with it all, the best of feeling prevailed;
the main object being to obtain results, no matter through
what channel the articles produced reached their ultimate
destination. The people of Croydon were surrounded on
all sides by organized bands of Red Cross workers. The
first concerted local effort was a small gathering of the
women of the neighborhood who desired to assist some
mothers in sending parcels to their sons in France. At
this meeting they concluded that more effective work could
be done by a regular organization with the result that a
branch of the Canadian Red Cross Society was formed,
with the following officers :-
President-Mrs. H. Piper.
Treasurer-Mrs. A. Hughes.
Secretary-Miss L. Rockwell.
Owing to two of these officers moving away, Mrs.
Barrager became President, and Mrs. B. Close, Secretary.-
Committees for cutting out material and buying were
thoroughly selected, and at once set about their work.
l'lloney was raised for carrying on the work by lectures, box
socials, lawn socials and entertainments of various kinds,
in addition to weekly membership fees. In all, $731.00 was
collected. Of special interest was the mite box placed in
the school at the suggestion of the teacher, Miss Rockwell.

RED 'CROSS WORK

25

O'
-er $20.00 was received in this way by the pennies of the
children.
Miss Josephine Lamey organized a Red Cross Orches-
tra among the men of the community. They played
wherever needed for Red Cross purposes for miles around.
In June, 1917, Mr. and Mrs. William South gave their
home and beautiful lawn for a lawn social conducted by the
society. Attractive booths, fish ponds, fortune telling, and
speeches were among the features of the evening. As a
rule the men of the neighborhood took full charge of the
public entertainments.
In addition to the contributions to individual soldiers,
the following articles were sent to the Red Cross head-
quarters, 12 dozen pair socks, 75 suits pyjanl3.S, 50 pairs of
towels, 48 sheets, 8 dressing gowns, 12 pairs bed socks, 10
àozen handkerchiefs, 12 pillows, 75 pairs pillow cases, 2
dozen kit bags (filled), 4 dozen comfort bags, 80 flannel
shirts, 12 stretcher caps, 3 quilts, 2 dozen face cloths, 22
hot water bottle covers, 6 dozen surgical gowns.

ENTERPRISE WOl\IEN'S INSTITUTE
This organization has in its possession a letter which is
guarded very jeaìously, and oÏ which the members of any
society might well be proud. It comes from the Red Cross
headquarters and tens that one box which this society sent
overseas in 1914 was the first to reach England in response
to the general appeal to the wonlen of Canada for help.
Early in 1914 the Women's Institute of Enterprise held
its first meeting, and while it was still young the world war
began. Immediately the efforts of the organization were
directed towards war relief. Red Cross branches were Ïew
and far between at the beginning of hostilities, and the
headquarters very wisely made use of all available women's
organizations through which to forward their aims and
secure the speedy necessary relief for wounded and inj ured
soldiers. To the Women's Institute of Enterprise they sent

26 W A'R WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDING'I'ON

instructions as to what was needed, with directions for
packing, and the result was that before December, 1914,
two large boxes had been shipped overseas.
The officers were as follows :-

1914
President-Mrs. Wellington Lockwood.
Vice-President-Mrs. Harry Jackson.
Secretary-Treasurer-Miss Carrie Jackson.

1915
President-Mrs. Frank Jackson.
Vice-President-l\:1rs. Reuben Dopking.
Secretary-Mrs. Joseph Lockwood.
Treasurer-Mrs. Charles Graham.

1916
President-Mrs. Reuben Dopking.
Secretary-Mrs. Joseph Lockwood.
Treasurer-Mrs. Charles Graham.
Buying and Packing Committee-Mrs. Washington
Wagar, Mrs. Gordon Wagar, Mrs. Dan. Wagar, Mrs. J. D.
Wagar and Miss Minnie Hamilton.
These are the only years for which a separate report is
available, for after that a branch of the Canadian Red
Cross Society was formed and the Women's Institute
merged itselÏ in the larger body.
During the time of its activities the total paid up
membership never exceeded twenty-nine, and the work
that they were able to accomplish was due in a large
measure to the co-operation of the surrounding districts
and assistance rendered by the women of Reidville, Centre-
ville, and Chippawa, as well as from the school children in
the various schools and the girls of the Mission Circle of the
Enterprise Church.
Money to the extent of $706.19 was raised, and no
worthy cause that made an appeal was denied assistance.

RED CROSS WORK

27

Belgian Relief received $100.00, Napanee Red Cross for a
Inotor ambulance $100.00, besides gifts to the Prisoners-of-
War Fund, French Relief, and Patriotic Fund.
Boxes were sent away regularly containing hospital
suppEes and comforts of all kinds, pillows, pillow cases,
sheets, quilts, towels, bandages, night shirts, surgical
dressings, soap, wash cloths, and socks. A barrel of jam
was an10ng the things which were forwarded. All these
were sent through the Red Cross Society in Toronto, with
which the affiliation was retained until the creation of the
regular Red Cross branch in 1917.
They knitted 994 pairs of socks, 16 sweaters, 2 trench
caps, and made as well the following long list of articles of
a miscellaneous character: 709 pairs of pyjamas, 118 sur-
gical gowns, 53 pairs slippers, 84 handkerchieÏs, 3 pillow
slips, 23 quilts, 13 sheets, 18 women's skirts, 12 children's
pyjamas, 6 children's petticoats, 37 children's undergar-
ments, 12 men's shirts, 50 housewives, 89 personal property
bags, 53 Christmas stockings. Besides this they purchased
a number of miscellaneous articles with which to fin boxes
that were sent to the boys from the disÜ"ict yV'ho were
spending the holiday season in the trenches.
In all 2,321 articles were either made or bought and
sent to the headquarters of the society in Toronto. And
besides paying for all that they bought, and for the material
with which the comforts were made, they were able as well
to give cash contributions as follows: Headquarters of the
Canadian Red Cross Society $420.00, Frances Day fund
$50.00, Belgian Relief $99.00, Prisoners-oÏ- W ar $25.25.

ENTERPRISE RED CROSS SOCIETY
On January 30th, 1917, the Enterprise branch of the
Canadian Red Cross Society came into being, and the follow-
ing officers were elected :-
President-Mrs. W. J. Mellow.
1st Vice-President-Mrs. George Fenwick, Jr.

28 WAR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

2nd Vice-President-
Irs. S. D. Wagar.
Recording Secretary-Mr. Noel Sarley.
Corresponding Secretary-Mr. C. W. Sarley.
Later on
Irs. H. A. Carscallen was appointed Record-
ing Secretary, and 1tIrs. H. A. Carscallen the Corresponding
Secretary. The Treasurer was Mrs. Charles Graham.
No time was lost. Immedia tely the society got to work
and by the time that it was necessary to present the report
of a full year's work they had collected in money from all
sources $976.99. The most of this, excepting a small
balance they kept with which to start the new year, had
been spent on the material out of which comforts for the
soldiers had been made. They had knitted 344 pairs of
socks, besides 51 pairs of a special kind for the Christmas
box which was sent to the men from the district, 199 pairs
of pyjamas, 84 surgical gowns, 12 hospital shirts, 6 pillows,
21 pillow slips, 4 quilts, 10 sheets, 19 towels, 63 bed jackets.
All these things as well as 11 bars of soap, 10 tooth brushes,
66 candles, and 4 combs, were packed in boxes and sent to
the headquarters of the Canadian Red Cross Society in
Toronto.
The next year the officers that were elected to carry on
the work of the society were :-
President-Mrs. W. J. Mellow.
1st Vice-President-Mrs. Earle Raymond.
2nd Vice-President-Mrs. S. B. Merrill.
Secretary-Mrs. Hubert W. Wagar.
Treasurer-Mrs. Charles Graham.
These officers retained their office until the close of the
war, and in this second year of the existence of the society
they raised the grand sum of $2,068.07.
It is a remarkable fact that though the organization,
as a regular branch of the Canadian Red Cross Society, was
formed so late in the history of the war, that these ladies
were able to accomplish so much, both in money collected
and goods forwarded. And it was that spirit manifested

RED GROSS WORK

29

in every last corner of the empire, the spirit of perseverance
and diligence which put heart and encouragement into the
lives of those at the front and enabled them finally to
prevail.

MAPLE LEAF "VOMEN'S INSTITUTE
Shortly after war was declared, Mrs. W. W. Farley, of
Brighton, visited the county in the interest of Women's
Institutes, and among other places, effected an organization
in Ernesttown on the 21st of August, to be known as the
Maple Leaf Women's Institute. Mrs. E. 1\1. Brisco, of
Ernesttown, was elected President, 1V1rs. Edward Kaylor,
l\Iorven, Vice-President, and Mrs. Will G. Fretts, of Hawley,
Secretary-Treasurer, and with them were twelve other
charter members. In November, 1914, the Institute turned
its attention exclusively to war work, and from then on for
the duration of the war no other interest engaged the atten-
tion of this society, and the organization which in 1914
began with fifteen members had grown steadily until by
1919 the membership reached seventy-two. At the end of
the first Institute year the same executive was re-elected
for the year 1915-1916. For the years 1916-1917 only one
change was made, and that was in the Vice-Presidency,
Mrs. J. B. Miller, of Morven, being elected to that office.
For the years 1917-1918 the same executive carried on, and
for the years 1918-1919 the following constituted the
executive :-
President-Mrs. J. B. Miller.
Vice-President-Mrs. J. C. Creighton.
Secretary-Treasurer-Mrs. Will G. Fretts.
To the Red Cross headquarters this organization sent
502 pairs of socks, 230 pairs of pyjamas, 25 quilts, 48
pillows, 391 towels, 12 sheets, 89 surgical shirts, 369 hand-
kerchiefs, along with numerous scarfs, bandages, mouth
wipes, and other hospital accessories.
Besides these regular contributions through the official

30 WAR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDING'.DON

channels, socks valued at $36.00 were sent to Major Sneath,
and generous contributions made to the prisoners-of-war
and the motor ambulances.
Altogether cash contributions to this work amounted
to $1,691.52, all of which was spent in war work. At the
close of the war this organization turned its attention to
the General Hospital, Kingston, assuming full responsibility
for the furnishing and up-keep of a room there.

MARLBANK RED CROSS SOCIETY
'Vhile Marlbank is in Hastings County, and should not,
strictly speaking, be dealt with here, yet it is situated on
the border, and its interests are essentially linked up with
those of Lennox and Addington. This is especially true in
connection with the Red Cross Society, which was very
directly connected with that in Napanee. No account of
the war work of Lennox and Addington can be complete
without a record of the contribution oj this community.
The organization of a branch of the Canadian Red
Cross Society was effected early in the war, when Mrs. F. F.
1\-IiIIer, the Vice-President of the Napanee branch, and some
assistants motored out to aid in the work. After the
meeting, which had been well advertised, was called to
order, Mrs. Miller was asked to outline the plans and nature
of the organization, and the method to be followed in
marking and shipping material. After this had been done,
the meeting proceeded to elect its officers. The following
\vere the officers during the four years of the war :-
President-Mrs. A. Turkington.
Vice-President-Mrs. A. D. Allen.
Secretary-Mrs. W. E. Wilson.
Treasurer-Mrs. D. Axford.
Buying Committee-Mrs. A. D. Mason, Mrs. J. Pringle.
Convener of Giving-Out Committee-Mrs. J. CarscaIIen
Yarn and Knitting Conveners-Mrs. H. A. Allen, Miss
B. Allen.

RED iOROSS WORK

31

Cutting-Out Committee-l\1:rs. A. D. Allen, Mrs. E.
Burleigh, Mrs. A. Mason.
Convener of Soldier Box Committee-1\Iiss L. Brown.
Buying Committee-Mrs. R. York, Mrs. T. Kimmett.
Giving-Out Committee-Mrs. W. Revelle, Mrs. 1.
Pringle.
Under the capable management of these women this
society did most excellent and thorough work. Over 700
pairs of socks were knitted and sent to headquarters, while
183 pairs were sent directly to soldiers from the district
who were overseas. Seven large boxes were forwarded
t
'lrough the Red Cross Society to the front. An accurate
account of the separate articles in these boxes was not kept,
though the total number amounted to 7,218.
The money that was raised by the society was spent
for materials, and many cash contributions were made to
worthy patriotic causes. Money was sent to headquarters
in Toronto, $10.00 was given to Lennox and Addington
motor ambulance, and $25.00 to the Belgian Relief Fund.
In all, $1,134.61 was secured and distributed during
the four years oÏ their activity.

MORVEN RED CROSS SOCIETY
It was not until January 8th, 1918, that it was thought
advisable to establish a separate branch of the Canadian
Red Cross Society at Morven. All through the war the
women of Morven, who are in proximity to Napanee, con-
tinued to work through one of the organizations in the
town, but as the war continued, the difficulty of frequent
trips to the town became an increasing burden and
prevented them from utilizing their energies to the full for
the soldiers.
Consequently a chartered branch was established, and
though the figures herewith presented, constitute the
report of one year only, it by no means indicates the total
amount of work accomplished by these consistent and loyal
women.

32 W A:R WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

The officers and the office they held were as follows :-
President-Mr. Hugh Milling.
1st Vice-President-Mrs. J. F. Lake.
2nd Vice-President-Mrs. J. Albert Bell.
Secretary-Mrs. Geo. H. Clarke.
Treasurer-Mrs. C. Sharpe.
Conveners oÏ Committees-Buying- Committee, :Mrs.
Jas. \Vilson; Cutting-out Committee, Mrs. A. Doller;
Woollen Committee, Mrs. T. Bell; Prisoners-of-War Com-
mittee, Mrs. (Rev.) Carruthers; Packing Committee, Mrs.
T. B. Lund.
The amount of money raised by the organization,
including the grant from the Township Council of $600.00,
amounted to $1002.07. The materials used were paid for
out of this fund and a cash contribution of $100.00 given
to Headquarters in Toronto, and a donation of $14.25 to the
Prisoners-of- W ar Fund.

NAPANEE RED CROSS SOCIETY
The Napanee Branch of the Canadian Red Cross
Society already possessed an enviable record when the
Great War broke out, for the society was organized in the
first instance during the South African War, when under
the presidency of Mrs. W. H. Wilkison, they had followed
along the lines that were to prove so necessary and effective
later on. The experience thus gained, enabled them to
re-organize and carry on during the great war with celerity
and efficiency, obviating many of the mistakes and delays
that are contingent on a new organization unfamiliar with
methods and plans of procedure.
On September 5th, 1914, a meeting was held in the
Town Hall for all those interested in Red Cross work, and
a goodly number responded to the invitation. The work
of re-organizing the existing society was proceeded with.
Mrs. F. F. Miller acted as chairman, and stated the object
of the meeting. An election of officers was held, resulting

RED CROS'S WORK

33

in the unanimous choice of Mrs. A. W. Grange as Presi-
dent, and Mrs. F. F. Miller was elected 1st Vice-President.
No time was to be lost, and immediately on the close
of the meeting the newly elected executive met, with Mrs.
Miller in the chair, and laid plans for the future. There-
after for some weeks meetings were held every day, but
as the weeks passed, and the machinery of organization
began to function smoothly, the meetings were held
weekly when work was given out, letters from head-
quarters read, and discussed, and the garments that had
been turned in labelled and packed.
All this required money, and every conceivable method
was adopted to secure the necessary funds, which amounted
during the five years to the amazing sum oÏ over $22,000.
One oÏ the methods adopted which deserves special note,
as it shows not OJJJy the persistence and constancy of the
women, but as well the value of accumulated small givings,
was what was called "the cent a day fund". Little tin
boxes,-in many cases ordinary cocoa tins,-were placed in
every home in the town that would accept one, and into it
was to be placed a cent a day. These tins, the regularly
appointed canvassers called for monthly, and the amount
thus collected averaged about ninety dollars a month.
For the first few months of its re-organization the
society drew largely from rural centres in the county, but
it soon became evident to the executive that better work
could be accomplished if outside chartered branches were
established, and so they set about the task. Altogether the
Napanee Branch organized within the county fifteen other
branches.
Besides the work that was undertaken in common with
other societies all over the empire, two objects call for
special note. The first was the purchase of a Motor
Ambulance. This scheme had its inception in the councils
of the Napanee Executive, but realizing the value of inter-
esting others in the project, a Red Cross Executive of the
county was formed, consisting of the Presidents of every

34 WAR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

branch in the county, along with the Vice-President of the
Napanee branch, Mrs. F. F. l\iiller, who became the chair-
man of this representative committee. The committee
endorsed the plan, and promised financial assistance from
their respective societies. The ambulance was purchased,
and, before it was sent overseas, it was sent throughout
the county for the purpose of letting the people see how
their money had been invested. Two days were consumed
in this work. On October 28th, 1915, members of the
N apanee Executive climbed aboard the ambulance and
started, calling at Hawley, Dorland, Conway, Adolphus-
town, Bath, Odessa, Wilton, Violet, Switzerville and
Morven. At each place the car was drawn up in front oÏ
the public school, the children were dismissed and allowed
to inspect it. The National Anthem was sung, and the car
moved on. The next day the same plan was followed, and
the northern townships visited. Calls were made at
Strathcona, Newburgh, Camden East, Yarker, Colebrook,
Moscow, Enterprise, Tamworth, Marlbank, Roblin and
Selby. This was a master stroke of womanly strategy.
Apart from the value of this ambulance to the soldiers and
the military authorities, the purchase of it by the amalga-
mated branches served as a fine educational scheme, and
united the various corners of the county in Red Cross work
as nothing else would have done.
The success of the venture led the same County
Executive to plan the second united activity, and in this
case they equipped an operating room, complete in every
detail in the Princess Patricia Canadian Convalescent
Hospital at Ramsgate, England. The cost of this, $2400,
was carried in the same manner as in the case of the
ambulance by the various branches in the county.
These were but two of the hundreds of activities that
were carried on by the Napanee Red Cross Society, the rea]
worth of the organization, however, both to the county and
to the empire, lay in the persistent, energetic and devoted
work of women who day by day in their own homes, amid

RED CROSS WORK

35

the cares and duties of their family obligations, made time
to sew and knit and work for the soldiers.
The following is an outline in brief of the activities of
the organization with a list of officers and an account of
moneys received and expended.

OFFICERS, 1914-1915
President-Mrs. A. W. Grange.
1st Vice-President-Mrs. F. F. Miller.
2nd Vice-President-Mrs. D. H. A. Daly.
Secretary-Miss Alma Thompson.
Treasurer-Mrs. H. Daly.
The Press-Miss F. Hall.
CONVENERS
Finance Committee-Mrs. J. Young.
Buying Committee-Mrs. W. Pruyn.
Cutting-Out Committee-Mrs. A. Woods.
Giving-Out Committee-Mrs. G. Hawley.
Woollen Committee-Mrs. W. S. Herrington.
OFFICERS, 1915-1916
President-Mrs. A. W. Grange.
1st Vice-President-Mrs. F. F. Miller.
2nd Vice-President-
lrs. Rud Perry.
Secretary-Mrs. G. A. Thompson.
Treasurer-Mrs. H. Daly.
CONVENERS
Finance Committee-Mrs. C. I. Maybee.
Buying Committee-Mrs. W. Pruyn.
Cutting-Out Committee-Mrs. A. Woods.
Giving-Out Committee-Mrs. G. Hawley.
Woollen Committee-Mrs. W. S. Herrington.
Refreshment Committee-Mrs. J. W. Robinson.
Prisoners-of-War Committee-Mrs. F. S. Wartman.
Princess Patricia Portrait Committee-Mrs. W. A.
Grange.

36 WAR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

OFFICERS, 1916-1917
President-Mrs. A. W. Grange.
1st Vice-President-Mrs. F. F. Miller.
2nd Vice-President-Mrs. Rud Perry.
Secretary-Mrs. G. A. Thompson.
Treasurer-Mrs. H. Daly.

CONVENERS
Finance Committee-Mrs. C. I. Maybee.
Buying Committee-Mrs. A. Woods.
Cutting-Out Committee-Mrs. W. Baker.
Giving-Out Committee-Mrs. G. Hawley.
Woollen Committee-Mrs. W. S. Herrington.
Refreshment Committee-Mrs. J. W. Robinson.
Prisoners-of-War Committee-Mrs. F. S. Wartman.
Princess Patricia Portrait Committee-Mrs. W. A.
Grange.

OFFICERS, 1917-1918
President-Mrs. A. W. Grange.
1st Vice-President-Mrs. F. F. Miller.
2nd Vice-President-Mrs. Rud Perry.
Secretary-Mrs. G. A. Thompson.
Assistant Secretary-Miss H. Wartman.
Treasurer-Mrs. H. Daly.

CONVENERS
Finance Committee-Mrs. C. I. Maybee.
Buying Committee-Mrs. A. Woods.
Cutting-Out Committee-Mrs. W. Baker.
Giving-Out Committee-Mrs. G. Hawley.
Woollen Committee-Mrs. W. S. Herrington.
Refreshment Committee-Mrs. J. W. Robinson.
Prisoners-of-War Committee-Mrs. F. S. Wartman.
Princess Patricia Portrait Committee-Mrs. W. A.
Grange.

RED ICROSS WORK

37

OFFICERS, 1918-1919
President-Mrs. A. W. Grange.
1st Vice-President-Mrs. F. F. Miller.
2nd Vice-President-l\lrs. N. Wagar.
3rd Vice-President-Mrs. Rud Perry.
Secretary-Mrs. G. A. Thompson.
Treasurer-Mrs. H. Daly.
The Press-Miss H. Wartman.

CONVENERS
Finance Committee-Mrs. C. I. Maybee.
Buying Committee-l'vlrs. A. Woods.
Cutting-Out Committee-Mrs. A. Alexander.
Giving-Out Committee-l'vlrs. G. Hawley.
Woollen Committee-Mrs. W. S. Herrington.
Refreshment Committee-Mrs. J. W. Robinson.
Prisoners-of-War Committee-Mrs. F. S. Wartman.

Mrs. N. Wagar.

AUDITORS
Mrs. J. W. Robinson.

Money, to carryon the work of the Society, was raised
in many ways :-

DONATIONS OF MONEY FROM LODGES
Orange Lodge, Napanee; Orange Lodge, No. 870,
Napanee; Orange Lodge, Forest Mills; Ulster Royal Black
Chapter, No. 381; L. O. L. No. 358.

DONATIONS OF MONEY FROM CHURCHES
St. Paul, Sandhurst; St. Thomas, Morven; Church of
England, Hay Bay; Church of England, Hawley; St.
Alban's, Adolphustown; Church of Annunciation, Chippe-
wa; Church of England, Bethany; Church of St. Mary
Magdalene, Napanee; Methodist Church, Morven; Metho-
dist Church, Roblin; Methodist Church, Forest Mills;
Methodist Church, Anderson; Methodist Church, Hay Bay;

38 WAR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

Methodist Church, CentreviIle; Methodist Church, Hawley;
Methodist Church, Gretna; Methodist Church, Adolphus-
town; :hfethodist Church, Wilton; ::Methodist Church,
Bethany; l\fethodist Church, SilIsvilIe; l\iethodist Church,
Hayburn; Methodist Church, Wesley; Methodist Church,
The Pines; Methodist Church, (Trinity), Napanee; Metho-
dist Church, (Grace), Napanee.

DONATIONS OF MONEY FROM !RED CROSS WORKERS
THROUGHOUT THE COUNTY
Women's Institute, Conway; Lennox Institute, 1\'Iaple
Leaf Branch; Women's Institute, Enterprise; Women's
Institute, Adolphustown; The U. E. L. Chapter of the I. O.
D. E., Napanee; Red Cross Society, Camden East; Red
Cross Society, Newburgh; Red Cross Society, Selby; Red
Cross Society, Moscow; Red Cross Society, Strathcona; Red
Cross Society, TaITIworth and Sheffield; Red Cross Society,
Bath; Red Cross Society, Marlbank; Red Cross Society,
Odessa; Red Cross Society, Yarker; Red Cross Society,
Wilton; Red Cross Society, Switzerville; Red Cross Society,
Enterprise; Red Cross Society, Centreville; Red Cross
Society, Colebrook; Red Cross Society, Croydon; Citizens
of Roblin; Citizens of Camden East; Citizens of Pleasant
Valley; Citizens of Bath; Citizens of Richmond; Citizens of
Sillsville; Citizens of Empey Hill; Citizens of Hayburn and
The Pines; Red Cross Workers, Sharp's Corners; Red Cross
Workers, Adolphustown; Red Cross Workers, Pleasant
Valley; Red Cross Workers, Roblin; Red Cross Workers,
Bethany; Red Cross Workers, Gretna; Red Cross Workers,
SiIIsviIIe; Red Cross Workers, Rayburn; Red Cross
Workers, Hay Bay; Red Cross Workers, Hawley; Red Cross
Workers, Sandhurst; Agricultural Society, Napanee; First
Aid, Napanee; Girls' fees from playing at the Strand; Fees,
Election Night, at Armouries; Guests, Bon Echo Inn;
Camden East Independent Telephone Line; Boy Scouts,
Camden East; Ladies' Rifle Association, Napanee; Adolph-
ustown Egg Circle; County Council; South Fredericksburgh

RED ,OROSS 'WORK

39

and Adolphus town Rural Schoo] Fair; G. T. Patriotic
Association, No.5, 6, and 7, Belleville.

DONATIONS OF MONEY FROM SOHOOLS
S. S. No.2, Adolphustown; S. S. No.5, Bath; Public
School, lVIorven; Public School, Enterprise; Public School,
Parma; Public School, No.1, Conway; Public School, Bick-
nell's Corners; Public School, Sandhurst; Public School,
Lime Lake; Public School, Hayburn; Public School, Selby;
S. S. No. 25, Canlden East; S. S. No.3, Camden East; Miss
Wall's School; S. S. No. 14, North Fredericksburgh; S. S.
No.4, North Fredericksburgh; S. S. No.3, South Freder-
icksburgh; S. S. No.4, South Fredericksburgh; S. S. No.
13, North Fredericksburgh; S. S. No. 19, North Fredericks-
burgh; S. S. No.7, Rayburn; S. S. No. 18, Richmond; S. S.
No.1, Richmond; S. S. No. 10, Richmond; S. S. No. 16,
Richmond; S. S. No. 18, Richmond; S. S. No. 11, Richmond;
Public School, The Pines; Collegiate Institute, Napanee;
Public Schools, N apanee.

DONATIONS OF MONEY AND SUPPLIES FROM CLUBS
The Red, White and Blue Club; The Blue Band Club;
Yahoo Club; Edith Ca
;ell Club; Young Girls' Sewing Club;
Khaki Club; Napanee Bridge Club; Girls' Friendship Club;
Daughters of Dorcas; Club of the Union Jack; Young Men's
Club; The Lennox and Addington Motor Club.

DONATIONS OF MONEY FROM OHEESE FACTORIES
Cheese Factory, Bath; Cheese Factory, Napanee;
Cheese Factory, Amherst Island.

PERSONAL DONATIONS
Amounted to $2,697.98.

MONEY WAS RAISED BY THE FOLLOWING METHODS
Chain Teas, Tag Days, Moving Picture Shows,
Lectures, Food Sales, Sale of Pins, At Homes, Recitals,

40 WAR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

Euchre Parties, Garden Parties, Dances, Base Ball Games,
Concerts, Hockey l\iatches, Band Concerts, Sale of Princess
Patricia Portraits, Booths in the Park and at the Automo-
bile Show, Queen Alexandra Rose Day ($532.87), After-
noon Teas ($2,180.51), Mite Boxes ($3,124.07), Patriotic
Fall Fair ($1,288.75), Raffles ($617.20).

THE FOLLOWING DONATIONS WERE RECEIV,ED
Quilts, Pillows, Pillow Cases, Sheets, Towels, Linen,
Mouth-Wipes, Bandages, Cotton, Socks, Scarfs, Towelling,
Sweater Coats, Shirts, Pyjamas, Mink Skins, Bed Spreads,
Boudoir Caps, N ews-from-Home, Pieces of Lingerie, Centre
Pieces, Canned Fruit, Chocolate, Gum, Cakes, Farm Pro-
duce, Watches, Sewing Machines, Table Covers, Fruit
Dishes, Silver Basket, Silver Spoons, Biscuit Jar, Berry
Spoon, Rose Bowl, Safety Razors, Flashlights, Flowers,
Pencils, Tea Service, and Yokes.

THE FOLLOWING AiRTICLES WERE SENT TO THE SOLDIERS
15 pairs :!\-Iittens, 76 Scarfs, 31 Knee Caps, 44 Cholera
Bands, 56 pairs Bed Socks, 100 Balaclava Caps, 6 Pipes,
9 Sheets, 23 Packages Old Linen, 11 Pads, 33 Bed Pan
Covers, 12 Fomentation Wringers, 25 Quilts, 58 Pillows,
117 Pillow Slips, 3197 Towels, 815 Wash Cloths, 971 Hand-
kerchiefs, 102 Bed Jackets, 84 Flannel Day Shirts, 496
Hospital Shirts, 48 Hot Water Bottle Covers, 12 lbs. Absor-
bent Cotton, 8 lbs. Hospital Gauze, 12 rolls Adhesive
Plaster, 1 lb. Boracic Acid, 1 lb. Vaseline, 176 Eye Band-
ages, 18 Vermin Suits, 36 Housewives, 47 News-from-
Home, 108 Stretcher Caps, 9 Sweater Coats, 8364 Rolled
Bandages, 636 Dressings, 4,263 Mouth Wipes, 807 Sets of
Pyjamas, 536 Comfort Bags, 395 Wristlets, 11 Sponges,
9065 Pairs Socks, 750 Christmas Parcels.

WHAT THE SOCIETY DID DURING THE WAR
1. A Motor Ambulance was sent to France, donated

RED CROSS WORK

41

by the Red Cross Workers of the County of Lennox and
Addington, the cost of which was $1684.85.
2. An Operating Room was fully equipped, in the
Princess Patricia Canadian Convalescent Hospital, at Rams-
gate, England, by the Red Cross workers of the County of
Lennox and Addington, cost of the equipment being $2,400.
3. The Belgian Relief Fund received $636.60.
4. The Prisoners-of- W ar Department, London, Eng-
land, received $1707.77.
5. The sum of $4117.24 was sent to Headquarters,
Toronto.
6. $300.00 was sent to Queen's Stationary Hospital,
Overseas, to equip twenty-five beds; and $404.60 was sent
to Queen's l\lilitary Hospital, Kingston.
7. In addition to the supplies sent overseas, many
boxes of supplies were sent to the soldiers in the Armour-
ies; the R. A. F. camp at Deseronto; to Halifax at the time
of the Disaster; to the Navy League of Canada, Halifax;
and to the General Hospital, Kingston.
8. The N apanee Branch of the Red Cross organized
fifteen Branches throughout the County.

GROSS RECEIPTS FOR -EACH YEAR
1914-1915. .......... ...... .......$ 403481
1915-1916. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 6108 45
1916-1917. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 536634
1917-1918............. ........... 597014
1918 to May 1st, 1919. . . . . . . . . . . .. 1324 52

Total. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $22804 26

RED, WHITE AND BLUE CLUB
Nothing better shows the spirit which animated the
whole life of the community during those four years than
the way in which even the smallest children banded them-

42 Vi AR 'yORK OF LENNOX kND .NDDI-NGTON

selves together and, forming their own little organizations,
contributed in no small measure to the total of the county's
participation in the great war.
Two such little groups in Napanee may be taken as
exemplifying that spirit. The Red, White and Blue Club,
and the Girl's Friendship Club. These are the only two of
which there is information available, but almost every
school and church had its organized body of juniors, who
were constantly engaged in work for the soldiers. Of their
own accord and without much assistance from their elders,
who were too busy with other things, these little girls who
were all under the age of 15 in 1915, came together week
:lfter week and succeeded far beyond even their own expect-
ations. They assisted the larger organizations in the town
by serving teas, by distributing tags on tag days, by making
and rolling bandages by the thousands, and by doing a
multitude of other little duties, which greatly relieved their
elders of small but necessary tasks. Organized in Septem-
ber, 1915, the Red, White and Blue Club chose as their
officers :-
President-Elizabeth Waller.
Secretary-Nora Gleeson.
Treasurer-Margaret Daly.
The next President was Mildred Roblin, and then later
until the end of the war Margaret Daly held the office of
President. Besides the smaller activities in which they
were constantly engaged, they carried off successfully
several more ambitious plays and entertainments. In these
they were assisted by Mrs. Roy Root, Mrs. W. Waller, Mrs.
H. Daly, Mrs. R. Holland, and Miss J. Baker.
The following is an account of the money that was
raised and the methods that were employed. When the age
of these girls is taken into consideration, the result is a
splendid tribute to the young people who were doing the
same or similar things throughout the length and breadth
of the country :-

RED CROSS WORK

43

Proceeds from the Play, "The Rose Dream". . . . . . $185 00
Sale of Quilt.................................. 45 00
Japanese Bazaar............................... 30 01
Play, "Pandora"............................... 200 00
St. Patrick's Day Tea. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 20 00

$480 01
This amount was distributed as follows :-$260.01 to
the Red Cross Society for the ambulance fund, $200.00 to
the Red Cross for the Belgium fund, $20.30 to the Red
Cross for their afternoon tea fund.

THE GIRLS' FRIENDSHIP CLUB
The Girls' Friendship Club was another juvenile organ-
ization which did valuable work during this period. It was
composed of seven girls all of the ages of ten and twelve
years. They had seen their parents and elders for a long
time working for the soldiers, so they must do the same.
They came together to organize. It mattered not that the
word organize was unknown to them. They had heard the
others talking of a president, a secretary, and a treasurer,
so they too must have these important officers. They knew
absolutely nothing about the duties of the president and the
secretary, but with the canny instinct of their sex they
knew that one person called a treasurer held the money ;

o they each wanted to be treasurer. After a stormy half
hour Elizabeth Carmichael secured this lucrative office.
That point settled, they proceeded to elect a president and
Helen Davy was selected ; then the secretary was named,
and Marian Roblin was elected.
They needed money and they wanted to make things.
The money they collected in sufficient quantities to permit
them to make a start. They bought material on which
they worked the names of any and all who would pay for
the privilege. These names were then embodied in a quilt,
which they disposed of at a good price. They bought their

44 WAR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

own material, made bandages, wash cloths, and many other
useful but plain articles. They assisted at the Red Cross
meetings. The articles they made, along with a cash con-
tribution of $41.63, they gave to the Napanee branch of the
Canadian Red Cross Society. This, along with $15.00 they
donated to the Daughters of the Empire, constitutes a
splendid record of a rather unique society.

NEWBURGH RED CROSS SOCIETY
In the Village of Newburgh the work which is usually
done by a Red Cross Society was undertaken in the first
instance by the W. C. T. D., as they had the machinery
ready when war was declared. But the necessity for having
a chartered branch of the Canadian Red Cross Society, with
its official and expeditious channels for collection and dis-
tribution, was early recognized, and on March 1st, 1915,
such a branch was organized and assumed all the work
which the other organization had been carrying on.
The following officers were elected and served their
successive terms :-

1915-1916
Honorary President-Mr. Joseph Paul.
President-Mr. H. M. Ryan.
Vice-President-Mrs. J. W. Courtney.
Secretary-Miss F. E. Shorey.
Treasurer-Mr. H. R. McHoulI.

1917-1918
Honorary President-Mr. W. W. Adams.
President-Mr. H. M. Ryan.
Vice-President-Mr. T. A. Dunwoody.
Secretary-Miss F. E. Shorey.
Treasurer-Mr. H. R. McHoull.
1918-1919
Honorary President-Mr. H. M. Ryan.
President-Mr. T. A. Dunwoody.

RED CROSS WORK

45

Vice-President-Mrs. G. M. Walker.
Secretary-Miss F. E. Shorey.
Treasurer-Mr. H. R. McHoul1.
The various committees were formed and all the ladies
of the village were used in some committee or other, and
did willingly and conscientiously the work that was assigned
to them.
During the first year of its organization the society
collected and secured by means of teas, concerts and other
activities the sum of $547.01, in 1916 they secured $783.52,
in 1917 they raised $1108.48, and in 1918 $799.59, making
a total amount of money secured by this society of $3238.60.
In all eighty boxes were sent overseas, containing 5972
articles, including 3039 pairs of socks, the total value of
which was $6390.94. Gifts in cash to the Head Office in
Toronto and to the Motor Ambulance Fund amounted to
$653.70.
During the period covered by these statistics sub-
branches were started by the Newburgh Society, at Camden
East, Wesley, Strathcona and Centreville. All of these
later became separate branches except Strathcona, but dur-
ing the time that they were affiliated with Newburgh they
assumed their full share of the responsibility, and contri-
buted their full quota of labor and money.
A junior branch of the Newburgh Red Cross Society
composed of school girls assisted very materially in the
work of the society.

NORTH FREDERICKSBURGH RED CROSS SOCIETY.
This society, purely a rural one, was later in effecting
a chartered organization than some other places. The
women of the district had done war work through the
Napanee organization. But as time passed, and the
beligerants settled down to an endurance test, the need for
a greater number of fully organized and chartered societies

46 W'AR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

became increasingly apparent. An organization was there-
fore decided upon as desirable and necessary.
Under well chosen officers who held the confidence and
esteem of the community, the organization more than
justified the faith of those who planned it.
Chairman-Mrs. H. Armstrong.
1st Vice-Chairman-Mrs. J. Card.
2nd Vice-Chairman-Mrs. E. Huffman.
Treasurer-Miss Lottie Parks.
Secretary-Miss Edith Baldwin.
Auditors-Mrs. Cuthill and Mrs. R. Robertson.
Buying Committee-Mrs. A. Parks, Mrs. H. Armstrong
and Mrs. J. Cuthill.
Woollen Committee-Mrs. S. Baldwin and Mrs. E.
Huffman.
Altogether the sum of $620.09 was raised by various
means, some of which was sent to the Head Office in
Toronto, while the remainder was spent on securing
materials with which to work.
There were sent overseas, 498 pairs of socks, 70
pyjamas suits, 141 hospital shirts, 6 boxes and 9 stretcher-
bearer caps. To the commission for French Relief were
sent 62 pairs of socks, 61 pairs of stockings, 4 1 h pounds of
yarn, 20 underskirts, 19 pairs of towels, 6 pairs trousers,
8 pairs of sheets, 6 shirts, 24 dresses, 1 paper of pins and
24 undersuits.

ODESSA RED CROSS SOCIETY
This branch of the Canadian Red Cross Society was
organized October 6th, 1915, and continued throughout the
whole period of the war. It is one of the splendid features
of the Red Cross work in the county that never, during
the whole period of the war, did the work cease. Long
after the first enthusiasm had died down, the women, with
unflagging zeal, kept pegging away, and the records show
that as the war proceeded and the county became more

RED CROSS WORK

47

closely and compactly organized, the work was more
efficiently handled. New branches were continually being
formed, until every corner of Lennox and Addington
possessed its own officially recognized organization.
The following officers led the affairs of the Odessa
branch, planning ways and means of raising money, and
spending it most economically :-
Honorary President-Rev. Joseph Barnes.
President-Mrs. J. H. Babcock.
1st Vice-President-Miss E. Shaw.
Treasurer-Mrs. E. P. Wood for the first year, and
then followed in succession in this office Mrs. G. H. Remion,
Mrs. Frank O'Neil, Miss Kate Kenyon.
Secretary-Mrs. J. E. Mabee.
Conveners of Committees-Finance COTI1mittee, :!vIrs.
R. W. Anglin; Buying Committee, Mrs. G. H. Remion ;
Giving-Out Committee, :!VIrs. John Denyes ; Knitting Com-
mittee, Mrs. Joseph Barnes; Cutting-Out Committee, Mrs.
Herbert Burnett; Look-Out Committee Committee, Mrs.
James Kenny.
Auditors-Rev. Joseph Barnes, Mr. Harold Shaw, Mr.
Albert Judge.
By teas, concerts, lectures, and various other methods
of painless extraction, money was secured from a willing
public, so that a total was raised of $3,481.43. This was
all spent directly for materials out of which to make the
needy garments, with the following exceptions: $100.00 to
Belgian Relief, $25.00 to Queen's Military Hospital, King-
ston ; $75.00 to the Lennox and Addington Motor Ambul-
ance, $361.83 to the British Red Cross, and yarn to the
value of $288.00 to the headquarters of the Canadian Red
Cross in Toronto.
This society contributed a total of 1,616 pairs of socks,
243 suits of pyjamas, 241 hospital suits, 516 handkerchiefs,
56 feather pillows, 651 pillow slips, 351 towels, 259 property
bags, 60 pairs bed socks, 71 sheets, 162 wash cloths, 380

48 WAR WORK OF ILENNOX AND ADDINGTON

roUs of bandages, 34 combined dressings, 56 quarts of jams
and jellies, 112 mouth wipes, 31 pairs of surgical socks and
9 pairs of wristlets.
Besides the money already mentioned, the society sent
to the Queen's Military Hospital a wheel chair and two webs
of hospital gauze. The Mowat Hospital benefitted to the
extent of 69 pairs of socks, 4 suits of pyjamas, and 15
pillow cases.

ROBLIN RED CROSS WORKERS
The Ladies' Aid of the Methodist Church in Roblin was
the organization through which the Red Cross work of the
village was done. The ladies met monthly throughout the
war at the homes of the various members, and at these
meetings work was planned, material cut out, and after an
afternoon of work, tea was served and a fee collected from
the members in aid of the society. By means of these teas
held monthly in this way the sum of $130.50 was realized,
which was sent to the Napanee branch of the Canadian Red
Cross Society. The women, with the help of all others in
the community who were able, knitted 550 pairs of socks
from yarn that was furnished by the Napanee branch. An
accurate account of all articles made and shipped was never
kept, as all donations went through the larger organization
in the county town.
The officers of the Ladies' Aid during the war were :-
President-Mrs. Carleton Woods.
Treasurer-Mrs. Charles Kimmett, Sr.
Secretary-Mrs. Daniel Richmond.

SELBY RED CROSS SOCIETY
The Selby Red Cross workers organized in 1914, and
continued as an active organization right on through to the
end of the war. The officers who were chosen to direct
and carry on the work of the society during the years 1914
and 1915 were :-

RED CROSS WORK

49

Honorary Presidents (for the period of the war)-Rev.
E. B. Cooke and Rev. R. W. Irvine.
President-Mrs. R. W. Irvine.
Vice-Preside nt-Mrs. Alex. Denison.
Secretary-Mrs. F. B. Denison.
Treasurer-Mrs. E. B. Cooke.

1915-1916
President-Mr. Henry Martin.
Vice-President-Mrs. Alex. Denison.
Secretary-Mr. C. N. Lucas.
Treasurer-Mr. Fred. Sexsmith.

1916-1917
President-Mrs. Alex. Denison.
Vice-President-Mr. Fred. Sexsmith.
Secretary-Mrs. M. Windover.
Treasurer-Mrs. F. Arney.

1917-1918
President-Mrs. R. W. Irvine.
Vice-President-Mrs. W. J. Winter.
Secretary-Mrs. Henry Martin.
Treasurer-Miss Ethel Fitzpatrick.
During the first year of the war money to carry on the
work was raised by means of public subscription, lectures,
teas, and personal gifts. A lecture given by W. S. Herring-
ton netted $98.75, Mr. R. Schermerhorn gave a generous
contribution of $100.00, Professor Luck's lecture resulted in
a net gain of $24.25, a tea given at Mrs. Casement's home
gained $12.25, the Orangemen contributed $9.00, while a
public patriotic collection of $27.50 brought the total to
$271.85.
During 1915-1916 $330.85 was raised by personal
monthly contributions, and for each of the years 1917 and
1918 the Richmond Council gave to the society the amount
of $50.00 per month for eleven months of the year: thus

50 WAR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

obviating the necessity of canvasses and private subscrip-
tions. The total amount from all sources amounted to
$1,702.70.
Besides cash contributions to the head organization in
Toronto, the money was expended on materials with which
to make the necessities and comforts for the men in the
field and hospital. There were shipped to those in need
253 shirts, 373 hospital shirts, 1,030 pairs of socks, 32
pairs of wristlets, 38 pillows, 103 suits of pyjamas, 566
bandages, 40 quilts, 18 surgeon's aprons, and 20 Christmas
boxes were sent each year to local boys at the front.

SWITZERVILLE RED CROSS SOCIETY
The Switzerville branch of the Canadian Red Cross
Society was organized October 19th, 1915, and from then on
until the close of the war met regularly and worked faith-
fully that they might do their share to relieve the discom-
forts of the soldiers in hospital and in trench. Little by
little money was accumulated, materials were bought and
transformed into useful articles of clothing and hospital
supplies, until by the time the war ceased they had collected
in cash over $1,500.00, and sent away boxes and bales
valued at nearly $2,000.00.
These figures are but an inadequate representation of
the amount of labor involved, for added to the actual work
there were long drives to take and often over roads that
were none too good, and through storms and snow that
imposed as it did in all the rural districts added discomforts
and greater risks.
The officers were :-
President-R. J. Brethen.
Vice-President--Mrs. Thos. Lewis.
Treasurer-Mrs. John Spafford.
Secretaries-Mrs. Russell Craig, Miss Annie Wilson.
Convener of Buying Committee-1915-1916: Mrs.
Arthur Parrott; 1917-1918: Mrs. R. J. Brethen.

RED ,CROSS WORK

51

The following is a report of their work by years :-

OCTOBER 19th, 1915, TO NOVEMBER 2nd, 1916
Life members, 3 ; annual members, 58 ; total receipts,
$396.82 ; donations, $80.75 ; spent on Red Cross supplies,
$354.30 ; spent for other supplies, $13.34 ; total payments,
$367.64 ; balance on hand, $29.18 ; articles made and for-
warded, 1,840, valued at $427.60.

1916-1917
Life members, 8 ; annual members, 60 ; total receipts,
$357.59 ; donations, $182.35 ; spent on Red Cross supplies,
$325.15 ; spent on other supplies, $4.00 ; total payments,
$329.15 ; balance on hand, $28.44 ; articles made and for-
warded, 928, valued at $552.95.

1917-1918
Life members, 8 ; annual members, 49 ; total receipts,
$642.66 ; donations, $23.40 ; spent on Red Cross supplies,
$628.87 ; total payments, $628.87 ; balance on hand, $13.79;
articles made and forwarded, 743, valued at $640.40.

1918 TO JANUARY 21st, 1919
Life members, 8 ; annual members, 17 ; total receipts,
$174.74 ; spent on Red Cross supplies, $19.68 ; spent on
other supplies, $50.95 ; balance on hand, $104.11 ; articles
made and forwarded, 336, valued at $239.45.
Total number of articles foorwarded, 3,847 ; value of
articles, $1,860.40 ; total amount raised, $1,571.81.

u. E. L. CHAPTER OF THE IMPERIAL ORDER OF
THE DAUGHTERS OF THE EMPmE
The South African war was responsible for the creation
of an organization which started from very small begin-
nings, but rapidly spread, and has played a part of ever-

52 WAR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

increasing usefulness and influence in the national life of
Canada as the years have passed.
It was during the year 1900, when the forces of Her
:Majesty were badly harassed on kopje and veldt that a
few women banded themselves together as "The Guild of
Loyal Women in South Africa" to combat by means of
educational propaganda the undercurrent of anti-imperial-
ism which was manifestly making headway. Almost
simultaneously Mrs. Clark IVlurray, of Montreal, conceived
the idea of an organization of larger scope, an organization
which would include within its membership loyal daughters
from all parts of the empire. She succeeded in her efforts
to interest a few others in the idea, and soon an organiza-
tion was effected known as the Daughters, of the Empire,
with Mrs.
1:urray as President. The organization soon
.3pread, and the next year was incorporated as The Imperial
Order Daughters of the Empire and Children of the Empire
(junior branch). From then on the organization grew
steadily. Chapters, as the branch societies were called,
were established throughout the length and breadth of the
country.
Lennox and Addington, a Loyalist county, proved
fertile soil for the seeds of this new organization, and in
1910 Miss Catharine WeIland Merritt, the honorary organ-
izing secretary of the Order, met with interested women in
the Historical Hall, N apanee, on the evening of November
8th, and effected an organization under the name of the
"United Empire Loyalist" Chapter of the Imperial Order
Daughters of the Empire.
'Vhen '
Yar was declared the chapter like all the others
was ready for service, and continued to render valuable
assistance to the nation throughout the period of hostili-
ties.
It is not the purpose of this brief resume of the war
work of the chapter to make distinctions. If sp
ce
permitted, and if the facts were available, the name of
every member should receive honorable mention, for each

RED :GROSS WORK

58

and every one, members and officers alike, long after the
first enthusiasm had waned, and the long drawn conflict
had robbed war of its glory and its power to thrill, plodded
on in faith, devotion and hope to the end. But every
organization to be effective must have adequate leadership
and so there is presented herewith, the names of the women
who through those trying years guided the affairs of the
chapter so ably and well.

1914
Regent-Mrs. A. T. Harshaw.
1st Vice-Regent-Mrs. James H. Madden.
2nd Vice-Regent-Mrs. Wm. Templeton.
Secretary-Mrs. U. M. Wilson.
Treasurer-Miss Edna G. Richardson.
"Echoes" Secretary-Miss Mill.
Standard Bearer-l\Iiss Simpson.

1915
Regent-Mrs. A. T. Harshaw.
1st Vice-Regent-Mrs. James H. Madden.
2nd Vice-Regent-Mrs. Wm. Templeton.
Secretary-Mrs. U. M. Wilson.
Treasurer-Miss Edna G. Richardson.
"Echoes" Secretary-Miss Mill.
Standard Bearer-Miss Simpson.

1916
Regent-Mrs. A. T. Harshaw.
1st Vice-Regent-Mrs. James H. Madden.
2nd Vice-Regent-Mrs. Wm. Templeton.
Recording Secretary-Miss Mary Bain.
Treasurer-Miss Edna G. Richardson.
Educational Secretary-Mrs. W. G. Wilson.
"Echoes" Secretary-Miss Mill.
Standard Bearer-Miss Chinneck.
Corresponding Secretary-Mrs. W. J. Campbell.

54 W A'R WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

1917
Regent-Mrs. A. T. Harshaw.
1st Vice-Regent-Mrs. James H. Madden.
2nd Vice-Regent-Mrs. Wm. Templeton.
Recording Secretary-Miss Mary Bain.
Treasurer-Miss Edna G. Richardson.
Corresponding Secretary-l\frs. W. J. Campben.
Educational Secretary-Mrs. W. G. Wilson.
"Echoes" Secretary-Miss Mill.
Standard Bearer-Miss Chinneck.

1918
Regent-Mrs. A. T. Harshaw.
1st Vice-Regent-Mrs. James H. Madden.
2nd Vice-Regent-Mrs. Wm. Templeton.
Recording Secretary-Mrs. J. E. Robinson.
Corresponding Secretary-Mrs. R. G. H. Travers.
Educational Secretary-Mrs. W. G. Wilson.
"Echoes" Secretary-Mrs. F. C. Bogart.
Treasurer-Miss Edna G. Richardson.
Standard Bearer-Miss Chinneck.

OFFICERS FOR COMMITTEE OF
WOM'EN'S PATRIOTIC SERVICE AND RED CROSS WORK
1914-Treasurer, Miss Heck; Secretary, Mrs. Wm.
Templeton; Buyers, Mrs. J. G. Daly, Mrs. R. G. H. Travers,
1\1rs. J. VV. Robinson; Convener for Teas, Mrs. Wm. Tem-
pleton.
1915-Treasurer, Miss Heck; Secretary, l\:1rs. Wm.
Templeton; Buyers, Mrs. J. H. Madden, Mrs. E. Costigan,
Mrs. F. T. Dibb; Convener for Teas, Mrs. Vim. Templeton.
1916-Treasurer, Miss Heck; Secretary, Mrs. Wm.
Templeton; Buyers, Mrs. Madden, Mrs. E. Costigan; Con-
vener for Teas, Mrs. Wm. Templeton.
1917-Treasurer, l\frs. F. Howard; Secretary, l\Irs.
Wm. Templeton; Buyers, Ml"s. F. Howard, Mrs. G. F.
Ruttan; Conyener for Teas-l\irs. Wm. Templeton.

RED CROSS WORK

55

1918-Treasurer, Mrs. F. Howard; Secretary, Mrs. E.
J. Corkill; Buyer, l\1:rs. Howard; Convener for Teas, Mrs.
.. Harshaw.
Including the Committee of Women's Patriotic Service
and Red Cross Work, there were 125 members at work for
the period of the war. There are at present 4 Life-
members of the Chapter, and 88 members, total 92.
A balance sheet as a rule makes very uninteresting
reading for the general public, for figures are dry and
statistics become wearisome. But those who will give but
a casual glance through the figures and facts contained in
the following account, will be amazed at the amount and
diversity of the work done by this organization. And thus
they are presented in all their austere unattractiveness to
preserve in permanent form the record of one society
during the war.

Receipts.
U. E. Loyalist Chapter ...................... $
U. E. Loyalist Chapter and Committee of Wo-
men's Patriotic Service and Red Cross
Work ................................
Fund for Soldiers' families. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7084 83

197129
220 25

Total Receipts .................... $ 9276 37

Disbursements.
Hospital Ship Fund .......................... $
Princess Mary's Xmas Gift Fund. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Belgian Relief Fund .........................
Belgian Flour Fund ..........................
British Red Cross ...........................
Xmas Gift Fund to Canadian Soldiers at the Front
Xmas Cards to Lennox and Addington Soldiers
Overseas .............................
Xmas parcels for Prisoners-of- War. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Xmas gifts to married returned Soldiers in Napa-
nee, December, 1917 ...................

570 00
850
319 43
2000
131 50
3600

630
1925

4000

56 WAR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDIINGTON

Xmas parcels to Soldiers overseas from Napanee
and vicinity, December, 1918............

Iaple Leaf Club annex ......................
Overseas Tobacco Fund ......................
Duchess of Connaught's Prisoners-of-War Fund. .
Prison ers-of - W ar ....................... .. . . .
British Sailors' Relief Fund ..................
Secours National for Belgian and Serbian Re-
fugees in France .....................
Y.l\I. C. A..................................
Gramaphone for a rest billet for Canadian Soldiers
in France .............................
French Relief ...............................
Navy League ...............................
Motor Transport Fund for Lt.-Co!. the Rev. A. H.
McG reer ......... ./. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Halifax Relief Fund .........................
I. O. D. E. Home for unclaimed children in Halifax
Sailors' Comforts Committee, Halifax..........
"Friends of France" for relief of French children
Committee W. P. S. and Red Cross Work. . . . . . . .
School for the Blind, Halifax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2 cases Condensed Milk ......................
2 dozen Thermos Flasks sent to the "Watch",
H. M. Dockyard, Halifax ...............
Motor Ambulance from Lennox and Addington. .
Donation towards the equipment of an operating
room in the Princess Patricia's Canadian
Convalescent Hospital, Ramsgate, England
Materials .......................... .. . . . . . . .
Coal for Soldiers' families in Napanee ..........
Xmas gifts to Soldiers' children in Napanee. . . . .
Nurse for Soldier's wife. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Donation for
frs. Stevens' passage to England. .
Medical treatment and expenses for Soldier's wife

25956
2000
700
1500
773 75
2500

158 60
4200

3441
4000
400 00

500 00
5000
5000
5300
133 00
171181
5300
1380

2500
136 50

5000
3313 03
1200
900
1500
2500
5935

Total Disbursements ........ .. . . . . . $ 9135 79

RED CROSS 'VORK

57

Cases sent Overseas, etc., 114, of which 25 were Relief
cases. to Belgians and French.

THOSE WHO WERE BENEFICARIES
Navy League of Canada, Valcartier Camp, Canadian
Red Cross Society, United Empire Loyalists Association,
Lady French, Scarves for Soldiers; Canadian Field Como,
forts Commission at Shorncliffe, England; Queen's Cana-
dian :l\Iilitary Hospital at Shorncliffe, England; Sailors of
North Atlantic Cruiser Squadron, Sailors of "Naval
Watch" at Halifax, l\Ien in Training from Napanee at
Kingston, Christmas gifts to children of Napanee and
County Soldiers at the Front, l\Ien of 21st Battalion,
C. E. F. at Kingston, Men of 39th Battalion, C. E. F. at
Belleville, No.4 General Stationary Hospital, University of
Toron to; Lady J ellico, for Sailors of North Sea Fleet; No.
2 Stationary Hospital, at LeTouquet, France; No.5 General
Stationary Hospital, Queen's University, Kingston, in
Egypt and France; Canadian War Contingent Association,
London, England; Lady Jellico, for Naval Hospital and
Sailors' Comforts; Secours National, French Red Cross;
Little Hospitals of Brittany, Scottish Women's Hospital in
Salonika, France, Serbia, Roumania and Russia; :Mowat
Memorial Hospital, Kingston, for tubercular Soldiers;
"Friends of France" for French Hospitals, Comforts for
Sailors at Halifax, Queen :Mary's Needlework Guild, H. 1\1.
the Queen's SHyer Wedding Shower, Victims of Disaster
at Halifax, General Hospital, Kingston, for returned sold-
iers; Miss Goodhue, V. A. D., for Soldiers in France and
England; Men of Lieut. A. B. Fennell's command, in France
and England, Men of Capt. R. G. H. Travers' command in
France.

HOSPITAL SUPPLIES AND FIELD COMFORTS
Hospital and Surgical night-shirts, 545; grey and navy
blue flannel day shirts, 89; hand-knitted socks, 2407; towels,
1848; surgical arm slings, 22; finger bandages, 36; cheese-

58 WAR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

cloth handkerchiefs, 346; grey flannel nightingales, 3; grey
flannel surgical pyjama suits, 60; face cloths, 551; opera-
tion stockings, 3 pairs; bandages of various widths, 4368;
flannel and flannelette blankets, 10 pairs; personal property
Lags, 569; stretcher caps, 19; tray cloths, 267; wash cloths,
258; mouth wipes, 25360; packages absorbent cotton, 57;
surgical dressings--compresses 1395, large pads 1428,
small pads 944, rest pads 6; cheese-cloth vermin suits, 44;
sleeveless sweaters, 20; piIIow cases, 474; bed socks, 32
pairs; mitts, 49 pairs; pillows, 190; sheets, 207; hot water
bottle covers, 34; knitted bedroom slippers, 22 pairs; Com-
fort bags (fitted), 54 ; balaclava caps, 105 ; wristlets, 368
pairs; scarves (knitted), 384; housewives (fitted), 120;
cholera or health bands, 124; hospital kit-bags (fitted), 50;
head bandages, 14; con\Talescent hospital slippers, 50 pairs;
khaki handkerchiefs, 89; surgical lint, 12 lbs.; rolls surgical
guaze, 4; batting (rolls), 5; stump pads Op. R. G., 3;
Soldiers' scrap books, 9; small gauze sponges, 7060; pipes,
50; quilts, 26; packages, old linen and cotton, 20; Christmas
parcels to Soldiers and Sailors, 500.
Large quantities of the following articles were for-
warded in the "Comfort" cases :-Cocoa, chocolate, soups
in tablets and tins, Oxo, chewing gum, maple sugar, raisins,
maple leaves, razors, soap, games, adhesive plaster, boot
laces, candles, insect powder, vaseline, tobacco, cigarettes,
stationery, pencils, magazines, Christmas stories, Testa-
ments and Gospels.
Manuals of French and German, prepared by Pro-
fessors of the University of Toronto for troops in the Field,
were sent to men from Napanee.
An Honor Roll for the Collegiate Institute, Napanee,
was presented early in the war, for pupils who had
enlisted in the Services or as Nursing Sisters.
The Committee of Women's Patriotic Service and Red
Cross Work, and the local Belgian Relief Committee were
organized by the Chapter, and worked under its direction.

RED 'CROSS WORK

59

During the war socks knitted by a half dozen ladies
whose ages ranged from well on in the seventies to several
years beyond eighty, were forwarded by the Regent to
H. I. M. Queen Mary, Her Majesty Queen Alexandra, and
His IVlajesty Albert King of the Belgians, as examples of
work done by these aged ladies and to demonstrate what
was being done in Lennox and Addington. Very gracious
and appreciative acknowledgments were received from all
these sovereigns, which are on file, and much treasured by
the Chapter. The names of the ladies whose work was sO
honored are :-Mrs. Alex. Smith, Mrs. Thos. Casey, l\Irs.
Sydney Warner, an of Napanee; Mrs. Stover, of Violet, and
!t1:rs. George Garrison, of Colebrook.
The fonow
ng were honored by certificates exe
uted
by hand, and issued by the Canadian Field Comfort1
Commission. The certificates were sent to the U. E. L.
Chapter, I. O. D. E. to be presented to these ladies for
having knit by hand 200 pairs of socks for the soldiers :-
Mrs. Duncan Miller, Napanee; Mrs. Richards, Napanee;
Mrs. Kilpatrick, Napanee; Mrs. Martha Finkle, Napanee;
Mrs. Bentley, Warkworth, Onto Besides these, :rr'Irs. Bal-
four, J\lfrs. Robert Boyes and Mrs. Detlor, who were well
over the three score years and ten, continued to supply
socks to the Daughters as long as they were able.
Donations of money were received from lodges,
churches, fees, election night at armouries, Boy Scouts,
Camden East, County Council, Town Council, schools, Col-
legiate Institute, Napanee Sunday Schools, St. Andrew's,
St. Mary Magdalene, Trinity Methodist, "Girl's Friendship
Club, Dr. and Mrs. McBain, Chicago, Ill. ; Daughters of
Dorcas, Mrs. MacGregor's and Mrs. James Douglas' classes,
"Yahoo" Club, individual members of Chapter and com-
mittee, "Merry Octagon" Club, Rev. A. J. Wilson, B.D., the
Lennox and Addington Motor Club, Mr. and Mrs. Allan
Wagar, Mrs. W. S. Detlor, Mrs. Peter Bogart, Judge
Madden, Clarance M. Warner, The Robinson Co., F. Cottle,
Esq., the "On-We-Glide" orchestra, Mrs. J. E. Eakins, l\Ir.

60 W:.A:R WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

and ?\Irs. G. V. Maclean,
Irs. Shore Loynes,
Irs. George
Shorey.
Personal donations-Friends in Colorado, California
and Rhode Island, "Blue Band" Club, canvassers of Victory
Loan campaign.

MONEY WAS RAISED BY THE FOLLOWING METHODS
"China" teas, moving picture shows, lectures, fooè.
sales, raffles, recitals, booths at the Automobile Show,
luncheons, subscriptions to patriotic programmes, euchre
parties, dances, afternoon teas, band concert, theatrical
performance, sales on "Allied for Right" buttons, coin-card
stockings, 1\1other Goose garden, and a war book for
children.

MONEY CONTRIBUTED BY THE SOCIETY
Money was contributed by the society towards the
Lennox and Addington motor ambulance, operating room in
the Princess Patricia Canadian convalescent hospital at
Ramsgate, Eng. ; Belgian Relief fund, Prisoners-of-War
department, London, Eng. ; $500.00 towards motor trans-
port to Lt.-Col. the Rev. A. H.
IcGreer, for his work bene-
fitting our soldiers on the front line in France and Flanders;
Belgian children, French children, repatriated people of
Belgium, France and Serbia; Navy League of Canada,
sailors at Halifax, dependents of disabled and fallen sailors,
victims of disaster at Halifax, unclaimed children of the
disaster at Halifax, and the Belgian flour fund.

POST-WAR ACTIVITIES
Adoption of little French orphan girl in France,
"Franco-Canadian Orphanage" in France; $100.00 to the
Great War Veterans, Napanee branch; writing table for
soldiers sent to Mowat Memorial hospital, Kingston, Onto
Our cases have gone as far north as Edinburgh, Scot-
land, and as far east as Salonika and Cairo, Egypt.

!{ED CROSS WORK

61

u. E. L. BELGIAN RELIEF COMMITTEE
Shortly after Belgium had been over-run by the enemy,
and as soon as news of the deplorable and distressed state
of the inhabitants reached the outside world, a commission
from several neutral nations for the purpose of rendering
relief was organized, with Mr. Herbert Hoover as chairman.
Immediately after, committees to co-operate with the com-
mission were formed in other countries. Canada appointed
such a committee, with headquarters in Montreal, under
the direction of IVI. IV[aurice Goor, the Consul-General for
Belgium in Canada.
Branches were established from time to time wherever
there could be found a nucleus of interested and sympa-
thetic men and women, and through the years until long
after the armistice had been signed, these organizations
continued their unselfish and untiring efforts. Food,
clothes, and money were collected and sent through reliable
channels to help the undernourished, to preserve the lives
of the orphans, and to mitigate the loneliness and hard-
ships of the prisoners of war.
In all this Lennox and Addington had a part. On Oct-
ober 23rd, 1917,the U. E. L. Chapter of the Imperial Order
Daughters of the Empire, formed a committee of Belgian
Relief, under the chairmanship of Mrs. F. S. Richardson, of
Napanee. The work in the first instance was designed to
be purely financial, and for this purpose a number of can-
vassers were appointed to cover the town and solicit
monthly subscriptions, but on receipt of a letter from the
President of the Ontario branch, urging the need of child-
ren's clothing, it was decided to undertake a share in that
as well.
DAUGHTERS OF DORCAS
A separate organization, "The Daughters of Dorcas",
came into being about this time, and assumed the responsi-
bility for this phase of Belgium work. About a dozen
young ladies met every Tuesday and Thursday evening at
the home of Mrs. R. Dickenson, to plan and sew. This little

62 WAR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

band of faithful and consistent workers maintained their
organization from November, 1917, until February, 1919,
and many letters appreciative of their help were received.
Altogether over fifty complete layettes were made, com-
prising twenty-five garments each, and thirty dresses for
girls of adolescent age. Specially appreciated was the
careful and dainty "extra" work done on the garments to
give them that home-made touch so much sought after and
admired by women everywhere.
They raised the money with which to buy the material
they used, and were able as wen to give cash contributions
to the Daughters of the Empire, to the local branch of the
Red Cross Society, and to the local Orange Lodge and the
Oddfellows' Order. The money donated to the fraternal
orders was used by them for boxes sent to their members
overseas.
The following is the organization and statement of
money collected and expended, together with the number
and value of boxes shipped by the Napanee Belgian Relief
Committee :-
Convenor-Mrs. F. S. Richardson.
Secretary-Mrs. J. L. Boyes.
Treasurer-Mrs. J. G. Daly.
Auditors-Mrs. W. J. Trenouth and Miss Elva Locklin.

Total cash collected and donated .............. $ 753 17

$ 753 17

Cash sent to Head Office, Toronto. . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
Paid Robinson & Co., Ltd., for flannel, etc., for
infants' garments .....................
Paid McIntosh Bros., for flannel, etc., for gar-
ments .......... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Paid F. L. Hooper, for toilet articles, etc. . . . . ... .

692 07

4353

1461
250

RED CROSS WORK 63

Paid Saad & Co., for end of flannel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Paid stamp and postage on cheques, letter
etc 56

$ 753 77
Clothing donated and repaired for Belgian Relief
shipped to Head Office, 10 boxes in all, valued at $263.85.

WESLEY AND HINCH RED CROSS SOCIETY
During the first two years of the war an organization
under the guidance of Mrs. Jos. Tait as President, worked
as a sub-branch of the Newburgh Red Cross Society. All
contributions both of money and of articles were sent
through that organization and credited there; but in
October, 1916, the workers re-organized and took out a
charter as a branch of the parent society.
Honorary President--Rev.
Ir. Farnsworth.
President-Mrs. John Wartman.
Vice-President--Mrs. Robert Cook.
Secretary-Mrs. Joseph Paul.
Treasurer-Mrs. J. H. Allen.
Two committees were appointed. A Finance Commit-
tee consisting of Messrs. E. W. Breault and R. B. Price, and
a Buying Committee, of which Mrs. Allen and Mrs. Cook
were the members.
During the two years that they continued as a separate
organization, by means of entertainments, teas, private
subscriptions and allocations from the township council, the
society raised over $1800, all of which was expended
economically and wisely on comforts and hospital equip-
ment. $291.00 was forwarded to headquarters for medical
supplies, while the remainder bought the material out of
which the following articles were made :-1070 pairs of
socks, 178 suits of pyjamas, 347 hospital shirts, 100 towels,
68 handkerchiefs, 22 sheets, 12 personal kit bags. These
were packed in 21 bales and were sent on their mission of
mercy across the sea.

64 WAR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDJ1NGTON

WILTON RED CROSS SOCIETY
From March 15th, 1915, when a branch of the C
na-
dian Red Cross Society was started, until March 15th, 1919,
when the final report was presented, the women of Wilton
met every Friday in the Methodist Church to plan and
work for the soldiers. During that time every device that
woman's ingenuity could conceive was utilized to raise
n10ney with which to carry on their unselfish labors.
Like an other similar organizations, the work done at the
weekly meeting was but a very small part of the whole
accomplished, for it was in their own homes, crowded in
between the regular duties of the day that the work which
was planned on the Friday was really done.
The officers who at the initial meeting were chosen
for the first
Tear were :-
President-Mrs. Wm. Mills.
1st Vice-President-Mrs. L. H. Perry.
Secretary-Miss Pearl Switzer (since deceased).
Treasurer-Mrs. Wm. Arney (since deceased).
Convener of Buying Committee-
Irs. A. W. Babcock.
Convener of Cutting Committee-Mrs. Robert Miller.
Convener of Giving-Out Committee-Mr. F. W. Davy.
Convener of Socks Committee-Mrs. Charity Davidson.

The officers for 1916-17-18 were :-
President-Mrs. Wm. Mills.
1st Vice-President-Mrs. J. G. Miller.
Secretary-Miss Pearl Switzer.
Treasurer-Mrs. Wm. Arney.
Convener of Buying Committee-Mrs. Robt. Miller.
Convener of Cutting-Out Committee-Mrs. Arch. Sim-
mons.
Convener of Giving-Out Committee-Mrs. N. B. Swit-

zero

Convener of Socks Committee-Mrs. Charity Davidson.

RED 'CROSS WORK

65

For the tenns 1918 and 1919, the following constituted
the executive :-
President-Mrs. Wm. Mills.
Vice-President-Mrs. J. G. Miller.
Secretary-Miss Mary Crawford.
Treasurer-Mrs. Wm. Forsyth.
During the years of the war the Wilton women through
this society made the following articles :-827 pairs socks,
20 pairs bed socks, 175 pairs operating socks, 173 night
shirts, 1610 towels, 138 suits pyjamas, 429 pillow cases, 126
sheets, 239 bandages, 120 face cloths, 1232 mouth wipes,
24 khaki handkerchiefs, 504 cheese-cloth handkerchiefs, 11
stretcher caps, 8 quilts, 24 comfort bags, 16 knitted wash
cloths, 4 covers, and a great number of assorted articles.
Boxes were sent to soldiers each Christmas, and a barrel
of canned fruit despatched to headquarters. Most of the
hospital equipment was sent to the Queen's Overseas
Hospital.
The following is an account of the work done year by
year, and the amount of money raised, with a brief
synopsis of the total :-

SEPTEMBER 21st, 1915, TO OCTOBER 15th, 1916
Life Members ........................... 1
Annual Members ......................... 66
Associate Members ....................... 11
Total Receipts .............................. $
Forwarded to Headquarters ..................
Spent on Red Cross supplies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Donation ...................................
Total payments .............................
Balance on hand ..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Articles made and forwarded ............ 2419

740 10
100 00
448 00
9870
646 70
9340

66 WAR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

1916-1917
Life Members ............................ 1
Annual Members ......................... 46
Associate Members ....................... 11
Total Receipts .............................. $
Forwarded to Headquarters ..................
Spent on Red Cross supplies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Donation to Frances Day ....................
Total payments .............................
Balance on hand.............................
Articles made and forwarded ............ 2009

1917-1918
Life Members ........................... . 9
Annual Members ......................... 50
Associa te Members ....................... 17
Total Receipts .............................. $
Forwarded to Headquarters ..................
Spent on Red Cross supplies..................
Donation ...................................
Total payments .............................
Balance on hand............................
Articles made and forwarded ............ 2721

JANUARY, 1919, TO M.NRCH 15th, 1919
Ann ual Members ......................... 8
Life Members ........................... 9
Forwarded to Headquarters .................. $
Donation to Belgium Relief ..................
Balance on hand ............................
Articles forwarded ..................... 171

628 43
5000
439 18
2000
509 18
119 25

926 76
5000
560 67
3915
696 13
263 59

17494
800
8084

Total number of articles forwarded ....... 7812
Value of articles ............................ $ 1921 63
Total amount raised. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 2501 07

RED CROSS WORK

67

SHEFFIELD RED CROSS SOCIETY
On February 11th, 1915, a public meeting was held in
the Town Hall, Tamworth, for the purpose of organizing a
branch of the Canadian Red Cross Society. Mrs. Needham
from Toronto was present and gave an outline of the
organiza tion that was needed, as well as a description of
the nature of the work to be done, and the method of
marking and shipping the bales. After the address, the
following organization was effected :-
Honorary Presidents-(The resident Clergy of Shef-
field), Rev. Jos. Barnes, Rev. J. W. Jones, Rev. A. M. Little,
and Father Carey.
President-J. R. Pickering.
Vice-President-Hugh Elliott.
Treasurer-C. R. Jones.
Secretary-l\Iiss Way.
During the first three months two changes were made
in the secretaryship. Miss O'Brien succeeded Miss "Vay,
and Mr. Jas. Aylsworth succeeded Miss O'Brien. "Vith
those changes the organization continued to function
throughout the first year, and was successful in raising a
considerable amount of money and in shipping overseas
many bales of useful articles which had been made by the
women throughout the township. Altogether $556.99
passed through the treasurer's hands. $125.00 of this had
been sent to the Canadian Red Cross Society Headquarters
in Toronto, and the rest spent on material out of which the
soldier comforts were made.
At the first annual meeting the following executive
was elected :-
President-C. G. Coxall.
Vice-President-Hugh Elliott.
Treasurer-C. R. Jones.
Secretary-James Aylsworth.
During the following year, 1916, the total receipts were
$798.22. $200.00 of this was sent to Toronto Head Office,

68 WAR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

and $200.00 given as Tamworth's share towards the Lennox
and Addington Motor Ambulance. $160.00 was spent in
hospital furnishings. The balance was used for material.
For 1917 the officers of the society were :-
President-Mrs. C. G. Coxall.
Vice-President-Miss Cassie Elliott.
Treasurer-Mrs. C. R. Jones.
Secretary-Miss Hattie G. Reid.
The total receipts for this year were $789.36, of which
$100.00 was sent to Toronto, and the rest expended in
n1ateriaI.
During 1918 the officers who guided the affairs of the
society were :-
President-Miss Nellie Close.
Vice-President-Mrs. Henry Piper.
Treasurer-Mrs. C. R. Jones.
Secretary-Miss H. E. Reid.
During this year a committee composed of A. B. Car-
scallen, Rev. E. E. Harrington, L. Way, F. D. O'Connor,
M.D., C. G. Coxall, J. A. Hunter, G. H. Richardson, W. J.
Paul, l\1:.P., Rev. S. G. Rorke and C. R. Jones, formed what
was known as the Sheffield Campaign Committee, whose
object was to raise money to assist the local Red Cross. A
tho.rough canvass of the township was made and the result
was a collection of $3117.25 was realized. A large part
of this was given to the Tamworth Red Cross Society,
which materially assisted their finances and enabled them
to show gross receipts during that year of $2219.49. Of
this amount $1250.00 was sent to Head Office in Toronto,
while the balance was used to buy material for the articles
to be shipped overseas.
The balance of "The Sheffield Campaign Fund" became
the nucleus of the fund out of which the Memorial Monu-
ment to the fallen heroes was later erected.
As an indication of the organizations which contributed
to the total budget, and the generosity of the whole com-

RED OROSS :WORK

69

munity, the following list of activities and moneys is
presented :-

1916
Lecture, W. S. Herrington .................... $
School concert under auspices of Mr. Fletcher and
Miss Rorke ..........................
Public School concert in charge of Miss Detlor. .
Basket Ball Club ............................
A. F. and A. M:. Lodge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ladies' Aid, Methodist Church ................
Eckhardt Concert ...........................
l\íasonic Supper .............................
Orange Supper ..............................
Work Room teas .... I' . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4210

6455
1375
2500
1000
1000
1835
125 00
5310
170 00

1917
W. S. Herrington's lecture .................... $ 52 80
Sale of papers by Public School children in charge
of Mrs. Alkenbrack and Miss Reid...... 59 88
Sale of quilt ................................ 82 95
Concert and picture show. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 00
Bernard Hiron' s concert ..................... 50 00
Tamworth Continuation School coIIection ...... 3085
Rural School Fair lunches .................... 66 75
Sale of books, H. E. Reid.................... 6 00
During the whole period of the war the Orange Hall
was given lighted and heated to the Red Cross workers as
a work room.
A synopsis of the total money secured by this society,
and devoted exclusively to war purposes follows :-
Receipts. Cash to Toronto
1915 ....................$ 55699 $ 12500
1916 .................... 798 22 100 00
1917 .................... 789 36 100 00
1918 .................... 221949 1250 00

$ 4364 06

$ 1575 00

70 WlAR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

YARKER-COLEBROOK RED CROSS SOCIETf
No more efficient and loyal body of women could be
found than those who constituted the membership of this
organization. Beginning their mission of mercy a 3hort
time after war was declared, they never ceased until after
the armistice had been signed. The name on the charter
of the organization is the "Yarker Branch", but as Cole-
brook was only a mile or two distant, it was deemed wise
in the interests of the work that the two villages should co-
operate. For this reason the branch was known as the
Yarker-Colebrook branch, and no distinction existed. All
were members of the organization, and all gave liberally
and unstintedly of their time and money throughout the
whole period of the war.
During 1914 and 1915 those who held office in the
society were :-
President-Mrs. W. D. Wilson, Yarker.
Vice-President-Mrs. Norman Boyce, Colebrook.
Secretary-Mrs. A. W. Benjamin, Yarker.
Treasurer-Mrs. J. C. Connolly, Yarker.
Convener of Finance Committee-Mrs. 'V. B. Dunn,
Yarker.
Convener of Cutting-Out Committee-
lfrs. A. W. Con-
nolly, Yarker.
Convener of Receiving Committee-Mrs. F. E. Benja-
min, Yarker.
Convener of Buying Committee-Mrs. Salisbury,
Colebrook.

1915-1916
President-Mrs. Norman Boyce, Colebrook.
Vice-President-Mrs. Amos Huffman, Moscow.
Secretary-Mrs. A. W. Benjamin, Yarker.
Treasurer-Mrs. J. C. Connolly, Yarker.
Finance Committee-Mrs. Montgomery, Yarker.
Convener of Wool Committee-Mrs. Edgar, Yarker.

RED OROSS WORK

71

Conveners of Buying Committee-Mrs. W. A. Connolly
and Mrs. T. M. Galbraith.
Receiving Committee-Mrs. J. Watt.

1916-1917
President-Mrs. Norman Boyce.
Vice-President-Mrs. A. Huffman.
Secretary-Mrs. A. W. Benjamin.
Treasurer-Mrs. J. L. Gardiner.
Finance Committee-Mrs. Henry Walker.
Buyihg Committee-Mrs. J. Freeman and Mrs. G. Lee.
Cutting-Out Committee-Mrs. Montgomery.
Receiving Committee-Mrs. Galbraith.
Wool Committee-Mrs. Salisbury.
Packing Committee-l\lrs. Emberley and Mrs. A. Mar-

tin.

1917-1918-1919
President-Mrs. Boyce.
Vice-President-Mrs. Huffman.
Secretary-Mrs. A. W. Benjamin.
Cutting-Out Committee-Mrs. G. Lee.
Receiving Committee-Mrs. J. Wright.
Wool Committee-Mrs. Connolly.
Packing Committee-Mrs. H. A. McCarthy and Mrs.
Freeman.
These were the officers and conveners of committees
who planned the work and organized the efforts of the
women of the district, and how well they succeeded can be
estimated by the fact that during the period of the war this
society sent overseas 3,927 pairs of socks, 2,244 suits of
pyjamas, 1,320 hospital shirts, 150 caps, besides thousands
of other useful articles, such as towels, wristlets, scarfs,
bandages, wash cloths, and hot water bottle covers. Every
Christmas, too, the boys of this district, who were serving
their country, were remembered with a generous box.
The money for all this was received through public
subscriptions, entertainments, concerts and teas. For the

72 WAR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

last eight months of the war a gift from the Township
Council of $125.00 a month was received by the society.
Altogetner there passed, through the treasurer's hands the
sum of $5,650.38, and besides paying for all material used
and contributing generously to the head office, the society
donated $100.00 towards the ambulance sent overseas from
the county, $50.00 to the I. O. D. E. at Napanee, and $200.00
to the British Red Cross.

---

\,

LIEt:T..GENERAL SIR ARTHCR CrRRIE
Commander of the Canadian Corps

'l
E HONOR ROLL OF THE COUNTY 73

PART II
THE HONOR ROLL

If anyone before the war had asked the question :
"What would happen if Canada were called upon to raise an
army to face the trained army of Germany?" most of us
would have evaded the question. The very thought of
Canadians being engaged in any war would have been too
repulsive for serious consideration; but, if forced to answer
the question, we probably would have admitted that our
boys would have been no match for the Germans and could
have given many good reasons for arriving at such a con-
clusion. We now know better. No troops on the Western
Front struck more terror into the Huns than those san1e
Canadians of whose prowess and powers of endurance we
ourselves were not so sure until we saw them put to the
test. When we consider that Lennox and Addington is an
agricultural county and that our farms are undermanned
under normal conditions, we have good reason to be proud
of the large number who responded to their country's call
at a time when every agriculturist was especially urged to
increase his production.
Every effort has been made to secure the name of
every man who joined the army and who might fairly be
claimed as belonging to this county. It is a striking char-
acteristic of the discharged Canadian soldiers that they
have no desire to talk about their experiences in the army.
They will sometimes impart some information about a
comrade, and in this way we may learn the particulars of a
thrilling adventure, but rarely will the hero of the incident

74 WAR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

volunteer any information himself. It was in this way
that the following story was gleaned from an authoritative
source. It concerns two Canadian aviators on the Bulgar-
ian front. One of them was a Napanee boy, modest and
retiring. The incident well illustrates how far astray we
were in our estimate of our own boys. The story was told
by an Imperial officer. "You never can tell what those
irresponsible Canadians will do next. Two of them went
up one morning for the usual early stunt, chiefly to keep
their machines in tune and notice if there was anything out
of the way across the enemy lines, a more or less perfunc-
tory task. It was cloudy and little was to be seen but
nebulous cliffs. The prospect did not interest them, so the
leader suddenly dived down through the bank, signalling
his companion to follow. They found a long Bulgar supply
train immediately below, which they proceeded to bomb,
flying back and forth within a few yards of the ground and
within easy range of any kind of weapon. The whole con-
voy was practically destroyed and then the two went home
to breakfast. These daring young devils are at once my
despair and greatest pride."
It might be mentioned incidentally that this same
squadron had over eighty enemy planes to its credit with
the loss of only one of its own.
In response to notices in the press, posters dislributed
throughout the county, and thousands of letters directed
to persons from whom we hoped to secure reliable informa-
tion, we have received hundreds of names of individuals
purporting to be members of the Canadian army who
belonged to this county. These have been followed up and
much useful information has been received which will be
properly indexed and preserved in the archives of the
society for future reference. In a work of this character
we are not able to give more than a brief indication of the
service rendered. It should, however, be sufficient to
enable future generations to identify the men whose names
are here enrolled and to point with pride to the fact that in

THE HONOR ROLL OF THE COUNTY 75

the Great War of 1914-1918 the honor of the family name
was creditably upheld.

Thomas Abrams, a farmer, of Enterprise, enlisted
with 146th and was transferred to the Machine Gun Corps.
He was in the service three years.
N. 'V. Albertson, of Napanee, served in the 146th.
Ibra Alcombrack, of Camden East, served in the Cana-
dian Army.
E. V. Alford, of Camden East, joined the 2nd Depot
Battalion.
Edward Allaire, of Flinton, enlisted in the 230th.
Blake Driyer Allen, of Moscow, served in the R. C. F. A.
Calvin Allen, of Moscow, was a member of the Eastern
Ont.ario Battalion.
Clarence Allen, of Adolphustown, was in the Canadian
Army.
G. Allen, of Napanee, was in the 3rd Depot Battalion.
H. J. Allen, of Napanee, was in the 2nd Eastern Ontario
Battalion.
William Allen, of Napanee, served as signaller.
John B. Allison, enlisted with the Mechanical Trans-
port Section of the Canadian Army Service Corps, sailed
for Siberia 17th November, 1918, and returned to Canada
the following June with rank of Sergeant.
Elmer Alton, railway trainman, of Yarker, enlisted
with 146th and saw twenty-eight months service in France
and Belgium and was once wounded. He was raised to
rank of Corporal.
Ernest Anderson, accountant, enlisted in Winnipeg
with the 197th and served with the 107th and the 2nd
Battalion of Canadian Engineers. He was discharged in
May, 1919, as Sergeant Anderson.
Walter Anderson, of Erinsville, was in the Eastern
Ontario Battalion.
W. H. Anderson, enlisted in April, 1917, in 72nd
Queen's Battery, and was afterwards transferred to the

76 WAR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

10th Battery. He was discharged in April, 1919, and is
now in the Merchants Bank at Calgary.
Montague Anions, of Adolphustown, enlisted in Sep-
tember, 1914, with the R. C. H. A. at Kingston, went over-
seas in March, 1915, and crossed to France in the following
month and fought with the artillery until April, 1916, when
he was wounded at Vimy Ridge. After recovering from
his wounds he returned to the front in March, 1917, was
again wounded and invalided home from the effects of
enteric fever.
Howard LeRoy Armstrong, of Napanee, joined the
Royal Air Force.
William Henry Armstrong, formerly of Tamworth, en-
listed at Winnipeg with the 107th and was afterwards
transferred to the Engineers. He was wounded in the
lung and also severely in the hand. He was in the service
three and one-half years.
Arthur Ashley, of Camden East, joined the Canadian
Forces.
John Ashley, of Napanee, served in the 59th Battalion.
J obn Ashley, of Camden East, was in the Canadian
Forces.
Claude V. Asselstine, of Wilton, was a graduate in
Science of Queen's University. He enlisted in 1916 and
reached France in time to serve as a signaller through the
b'reat battles of the last two years of the war. He entered
1\10ns with the victorious Canadians. He was once gassed.
Isaac Asselstinc, of Odessa, was a member of the Royal
Air Force.
T. Asselstine, of Napanee, served with the 155th
Ba ttaIion.
S. I. Atkins, of Northbrook, joined the 146th Battalion.
WaIter Hugh Axford, enlisted at BelIeville with the
Field Ambulance and was afterwards transferred to the
7th Canadian Cavalry. He was three years in the service.
H. Aylesworth, of N ewburgh, served as a gunner in the
Capac1ian Field Artillery.

THE HONOR ROLL OF THE ,COUNTY 77

John Bell Aylsworth, was a student at Queen's and en-
listed with the 67th Battery and served with the 3rd Bri-
gade Canadian Garrison Artillery. He resumed his studies
at Queen's upon being discharged in July, 1919.
:McGillivray Aylesworth, of Newburgh, was a student-
at-law. He enlisted at the beginning of the war and
crossed with the first contingent. He was wounded and
gassed, demobilized in May, 1919, and resumed his studies
at Osgoode Hall.
E. Babcock, of Wilton, was in the 3rd Depot Battalion.
Fred E. Babcock, of Yarker, was a dental student at
Toronto. He enlisted in the spring of 1917 with the Cana-
dian Army Dental Corps, and after two months service re-
turned to Canada, by orders, to complete his course.
Harry E. Babcock, of Napanee, enlisted with the 155th,
was transferred to the 4th C.M.R., and took part in many
heavy engagements in France and Belgium.
Harry LeRoy Babcock, of Yarker, enlisted in Decem-
ber, 1915, in the 146th, and after the usual training reached
the front line trenches in France in April, 1917, and was
attached to the 20th. He was twice a casualty, once
wounded and once laid up with trench fever. He was com-
missioned in the Royal Air Force as 2nd Lieutenant in
June, 1920.
J. Allen Babcock, of Napanee, served with the 146th
Battalion.
Judson Babcoc1
, of Odessa, served with the 80th
Battalion.
Kenneth Babcock, son of Torrance Babcock, of Wilton,
enlisted with the 146th, was transferred to the 95th, and
served fifteen months with the Forestry Corps in France.
Stanley W. Babcock, of Napanee, enlisted with the
155th, was transferred to the 21st, and served in France
on the bombing squad with this regiment. He was twice
wounded.
Edwin A. Baker is one of the most distinguished of
Canada's volunteers. He was an electrical engineer and

78 WAR WORK OF LENNOX AND AÐDINGTON

had had considerable rílilitary training. He enlisted on the
16th August, 1914, and after training two months at Val-
cartier was transferred to Kingston \vith the rank of Lieu-
tenant in the Queen's Engineers. He went to England in
April, underwent further special training and was s
mt
over to France and Belgium in September, 1915. He saw
only one month's actual service; but it was a most
..-aluable
service to the army and most disastrous to hinlsclf. He
was engaged in trench and mine tunnelling, and on the 8th
I\-larch, 1916, while repai:ring trenches blown up by German
mines, a GenTIan bullet pierced the bridge of his nose, com-
pletely destroying the sight of both eyes. He had been
promoted to a captaincy and, for his b1itiative upon the
occasion of receiving the wound, he received the French
Croix de Guerre and was decorated with the l\Iilitary Cross
by King George at Buckingham Palace. After the wound
was healed he took the general course of training gÏ\-en to
blinded soldiers at St. Dunston, and returned to Canada in
August, 1916. He proved to be a most apt pupH and was
himself largely responsible for the incorporation of the
Canadian National Institute for the Blind.
Eleanor Baker, of Napanee, lost two brothers, HerQert
and Henry, in the war. She spent eighteen months as
nursing sister in Queen Alexandria Imperiall\ßlitary Nurs-
ing Service Reserve at the British General Hospitals Nos.
8 and 9, at Rouen, France.
G. F. Baker, of Ernesttown, enlisted in the 2nd Depot
Battalion.
Wilbur Baker, of CoIlins Bay, a brother of Capt. Edwin
A. Baker, saw thirty-eight months service in the Canadian
Army, taking part in the following battles :-Hill 70, Pass-
chendaele, Amiens, Arras, Cambrai, Valenciennes, and
Mons. He was with the 2nd Brigade :Machine Gun Corps
and the 1st and 4th Division Ammunition Column.
I. Barr, of Napanee, was in the 2nd Depot Battalion.
J. Barry, of Moscow, joined the 2nd Depot Battalion.
Harold Baughan, of N apanee, was engaged as an audi-

WE HONOR ROLL OF THE COUNTY 79

tor in Jersey City and enlisted and served for twenty
months with the Canadian Forestry Corps, and was pro-
moted to the rank of Corporal.
l\1aitland A. Beard, of N apanee, enlisted with the 39th
and after five months training was stricken down with
spinal meningitis and was declared physically unfit for the
army.
Roy Bebee, of Vennachar, enlisted in the 146th Batta-
lion.
B. D. Beckett, of Napanee, served with the Canadian
Forces.
Albert L. BenD, of Colebrook, enlisted with No. 1 Con-
struction Corps, saw service in France and Belgium for
twenty-five months and held the rank of sergeant at his
discharge.
George Benson, of Enterprise, was in the Canadian
Forces.
John Bentley, of Napanee, served in the Forestry
Corps.
John Berry, of Moscow, was in the Army Service Corps.
Thomas Berry, of Kaladar, enlisted first with the 146th
and afterwards with the 254 th, and was discharged from
both battalions owing to ill health.
John Bey, of Cloyne, was a member of the 146th Bat-
talion.
Claude Bilton, of Enterprise, was thirty-seven months
in uniform and saw two years' service in France with the
4th C. M. R. He passed through many great battles, was
wounded in the leg at Hill 70, was once mentioned in des-
patches for his splendid work under heavy fire, and was
decorated by the Prince of Wales with the Belgian Croix
de Guerre for bravery in the field.
Norman J. Blakely, of Camden East, served in the
146th Battalion.
Kenneth Blow, of Moscow, joined the 253rd Battalion.
Richard F. Bonney, of Odessa, served in the 1st Central
Ontario Battalion.

80 WAR 'YORK OF LENNOX AND ADDIN
ON

Oscar BDnmhower, of Napanee, served in the 21st
Battalion.
S. Boomhower, of Northbrook, was in the 3rd Special
Service Corps.
William Boomhower, of Napanee, served in the 155th
Battalion.
Amos Bosley, of Flinton, joined the 2nd Depot Batta-
Hon.
Albert Both, of Denbigh, joined the 146th in 1916.
Henry A. Both, of Denbigh, was a member of the 1st
Eastern Ontario Battalion.
Samuel Both, of Denbigh, served in the Canadian
Forces.
George Botting, of SilIsviIIe, was in the Overseas
Forces.
N. Brachie, of Flinton, was in the 254th.
Louis Breault, of CentreviIIe, served in the 90th Bat-
talion.
Joseph Breen, of Enterprise, was in the Eastern
Ontario Battalion.
Harry J. Bristol, of Napanee, enlisted with the 59th,
was promoted to the rank of sergeant,served with the 21st
Battalion and received his discharge in July, 1919.
C. F. Brochie, of Flinton, served with the 254th Batta-
lion.
Peter Brough, of Flinton, was a member of the 3rd
C. G. R.
George W. Brown, of Napanee, was in the 146th Batta-
lion.
Marshall Brown, of Cloyne, enlisted with the 146th,
was transferred to the Railway Construction Corps and
returned to Canada in January, 1919.
Camille Brushie, of Flinton, served in the 146th Batta-
lion.
Arnold R. Bryden, of Flinton, was a member of the 1st
Eastern Ontario Battalion.

THE HONOR ROIJL OF THE COUNTY 81

J. Budneau, of Flinton, enlisted in the 59th Battalion.
A. F. Burger, of Denbigh, served in the Canadian En-
gineers.
Robert A. Burgess, of Enterprise, was a member of the
1st Eastern Ontario Battalion.
\V. A. Burnett, of Odessa, went overseas with the 38th
Battalion.
R. L. Butcher, of Napanee, enlisted in the 4th Batta-
lion.
W. M. Cambridge, for many years a baker in Yarker
and Napanee, went overseas as a bandsman, but served as
a stretcher-bearer in France. He was through many
battles and was once gassed. He lost a son in the war.
Gordan E. Campbell, of Napanee, was a student at
Queen's, and wtih many of his class, enlisted as an orderly
with Queen's Hospital known as No.7 Canadian General
Hospital. He served three and one-half years in hospital
and an1bulance work.
H. A. CampbeIl, of Bath, enlisted in the 3rd Depot
Ba ttaIion.
Hugh Campbell, son of William Campbell, of Camden,
enlisted in :May, 1918, went overseas in August, and was in
training at the close of the war.
Leman Campbell, of Croydon, enlisted for overseas
service.
'ViIIiam Clinton Card, of Fredericksburgh, a sailor by
occupation, enlisted and served four years in the mercantile
marine. He barely escaped being torpedoed on two occa-
sions. He died of pneumonia in February, 1920.
Joseph Carroll, son of Thomas Carroll, of SilIsvilIe, saw
eight months' fighting in France with the 4th C. M. R., was
wounded at Vimy Ridge, spent some time in hospital, re-
turned to the front, and was gassed at Cambrai while
assisting a gassed comrade.
G. Carruthers, of Wilton, was attached to the Eastern
Ontario Battalion.
Anita Ailene Carscallen, daughter of A. B. Carscallen,

82 WAlR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

of Tamworth, spent three years overseas as a nursing
sister, continuing in the service until the end of the war.
Roy Carscallen, of Selby, joined the 146th, saw four
months' active service in the front line, received a shrapnel
wound at Vimy Ridge, and was confined to hospital for
twelve months in England.
Arthur Carr, of Newburgh, joined the 146th Battalion.
Edward Carr, of Napanee, was nearly four years in
uniform and served most of that time with the 1st Field
Ambulance in France, Belgium and Germany.
George Patton Carr resigned his position as manager
of the Dominion Bank at Napanee and enlisted in June,
1915, with the 59th Battalion as Lieutenant. Arriving in
England he was transferred to the 40th and afterwards to
26th Reserve Battalion. He went to France in July, 1917
attached to Controller of Salvage and was appointed
Assistant-Laborer Commandant in Bethune sub-area. He
was mentioned in despatches in March, 1919. He returned
in July, 1919, as Captain and has since been promoted to
rank of Major in command of B. Company, Frontenac
Regiment.
Fred H. Carter, of Napanee, was a sergeant in No.7
Canadian General Hospital, remaining with that unit for
three years and ten months in both Egypt and France.
Lawrence P. Carter, of Napanee, enlisted with the 74th
Battery and served as a gunner until the end of the war,
taking part in all the heavy battles in the last year of the
war.
E. Cassibo, of Flinton, enlisted in the 254th Battalion.
Thomas Cassibo, of Flinton, enlisted in the 146th Bat-
talion.
Albert Chaddock, of Odessa, was in the 3rd Depot
Battalion.
George S. Chalk, of Sheffield, went overseas in July,
1918, with the Eastern Ontario Regiment, but did not cross
the channel.
Walter Neilson Chalmers, formerly of Adolphustown,

THE HONOR ROLL OF THE COUNTY 83

enlisted at Great Falls, Montana, in the 223rd Transporta-
tion Works Company, R. E. He saw five months' service
in the fighting zone engaged in engineering fieldwork.
N. C. Champagne, of Flinton, was in the 3rd Depot
Battalion.
Percy Charlton, of Yarker, was in the Canadian Army.
Dalton Charters was born at SiIIsville, and educated at
the Napanee Collegiate Institute and Queen's University.
He enlisted in the Royal Garrison Artillery, but too late to
participate in any battles.
Garnet Chatterson, of Napanee, went over with the
1st Eastern Ontario Battalion.
F. G. Clancy, born at Newburgh, enlisted with the
"Princess Pats", but owing to illness and a surgical opera-
tion was classed unfit for infantry service and transferred
to the 1\1:edical Corps. He was mentioned in despatches for
meritorious and distinguished services. He was in uniform
four and a half years.
G. S. Clancy, formerly of Newburgh, a graduate in
medicine from Queen's, enlisted as lieutenant and was
afterwards promoted to a captaincy in R. A. M. Coo He was
engaged nearly three years in Field Ambulance work and
suffered a dislocated shoulder and was twice gassed.
Alex. M. Clark, of Odessa, served in the Dental Corps.
Austin Clark, of Camden, was in the Canadian Army.
Charles C. Clark, of Napanee, enlisted in the 146th
Battalion, was invalided home, and has since died.
E. H. Clark, of Kaladar, joined the 254th Battalion.
R. Earl Clark, of Napanee, enlisted with the 235th and
was transferred to the 134 th, and afterwards to the 6th
Canadian Railway Corps. He spent ten months in France
and Belgium.
Miss Jessie Cleall, of N apanee, servied for three months
at Camp Mohawk as superintendent over the girls employed
in making and repairing aeroplane wings.
Kenneth Cleall, son of George CleaIl, of Napanee, en-
listed at Saskatoon, as a cadet in the Royal Air Force, was

84 WAR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

promoted to 2nd Lieutenant; but did not reach the war
zone.
Herbert Close, of Tamworth, enlisted at Barriefield in
the 1st Depot Battalion, but did not leave Canada.
Hiram Casey Clute, of South Fredericksburgh, comes
from U. E. L. fighting stock. He enlisted in the 10th
C.:M:.R., served in France and Belgium, and came home on
crutches, suffering from rheumatism contracted in the
trenches.
James Cochrane, of Stella, enlisted and served for three
years in the Canadian Cycle Corps. He took part in the
battles of Passchendaele, Amiens and Cambrai, and was
once wounded by an explosive machine gun bullet.
Samuel Cochrane, of Stella, enlisted at Kingston, and
served two years in Canada in the Canadian Army Service
Corps.
C. D. Cole, of Cloyne, served with the 146th Battalion.
Earl Spencer Cole, of Northbrook, was four years in
the infantry service taking part in the battles of Vi my
Ridge, Passchendaele, Hill 70, Amiens and Arras, and came
through unscathed except a slight gassing in September,
1917.
Edwin Cole, of 'Vilton, enlisted in
1:ay, 1917, in the
60th at Regina, and crossed the Atlantic in the following
October. Owing to illness he was held in the reserves in
England until the armistice was signed.
Elbearn F. Cole, of Wilton, was a student at the time
of his enlistment in the 75th Battery of the Royal Field
Artillery and, after the usual course of training at Petawa-
wa, crossed to England in the autumn of 1917, and was in a
training camp still when the Germans acknowledged them-
selves defeated and asked for terms of peace.
Lee E. Cole, of N orthbrook, enlisted early in the war
and was raised to the rank of Sergeant. He was twice
wounded and served in all fifty-six months, spending over
three years of this time in the fighting line.
Harry K. Coleman, son of Rev. J. H. H. Coleman, of

THE HONOR ROLL OF THE COUNTY 85

Napanee, enlisted as a gunner in the 72nd Queen's Battery,
arrived in England in April, 1917, served in France,
Belgium, and Germany, and came safely through many
fierce battles.
Maxwell J. Conger, was born in Napanee in 1897. He
enlisted in March, 1918, and served in C. A. M. C. until the
end of the war, and remained after the war in the Dominion
Orthopaedic Hospital at Toronto.
Earl Conway, of Newburgh, enlisted at Toronto with
the 256th and served eighteen months in France and
Belgium.
B. W. CODk, of Dorland, enlisted with the 80th, was
transferred to and served in France with the Canadian
Army Service Corps for three years.
Robert Cook, of Enterprise, enlisted at Barriefield,
trained two and one-half months, and was discharged as
physically unfit.
George A. Cooper, a Scotchman by birth, lived at
Enterprise, enlisted with the 146th, served with the 4th
C. :r\i. R., was gassed once, but recovered after two weeks'
treatment in hospital.
John J. Cormick, of Odessa, enlisted in the 1st Depot
Battalion.
Arthur E. Cornell, formerly of Napanee, enlisted as a
mechanic in the Royal Air Force and served in that capa-
city at Leaside and Camp Borden.
Robert Coulter, formerly of Camden East, served with
the Canadian Forces.
Robert W. Coulter, of Moscow, enlisted at Kingston,
and served for fourteen months with the 1st Depot Bat-
talion.
Ross Coulter, formerly of Camden, enlisted in the
Overseas Forces.
R. A. Courtney, of Flinton, was in the 39th Battalion.
Stewart Cousins, of Enterprise, was homesteading in
Saskatchewan, went overseas in June, 1916, with the 65th
Battalion, passed through the Somme and Vimy Ridge and

86 WAR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

was discharged on account of illness. He has since died.
T. R. Cousins, of Tamworth, joined No.3 Depot Bat-
talion.
T. H. Covert, of Enterprise, served in the Canadian
Field Artillery.
Aubrey H. Cowan, son of Dr. Geo.' H. Cowan, of Napa-
nee, enlisted with No. 2 Field Ambulance Depot, and served
three and one-half years in the C. A. M. C., part of the time
in No.2 Canadian Stationary Hospital. He was in Belgium,
France and Germany. He died at his home in Napanee
after his discharge from the army.
O. Cowdy, of Enterprise, was attached to No.3 Depot
Battalion.
Lawrence Coxall, of Tamworth, spent nearly four
years in the army. He was in France and Belgium thirteen
months, passing through the battles of Vimy Ridge, Lens,
Passchendaele and Cambrai, and was three times wounded.'
C. B. Creighton, of Hawle
?, enlisted at Winnipeg as a
gunner in the 44th Battery, served twenty-seven months in
the war zone, passed through all the great battles and was
wounded once. He was promoted to the rank of bombard-
ier. ; .",

Edward Cross, of Yarker, enlisted in the Canadian'
Force. ;
Lewis J. Crouse, enlisted in 1918, with the 1st Depot
Battalion, went overseas in July, and returned to Napanee
in July, 1919.
Oliver H. Crouse, of N apanee, enlisted with the 80th,
was transferred to the 72nd Seaforth Highlanders and the
4th Canadian IVlachine Gun Battalion. He was in the ser-
vice four years and passed safely through all the great
battles.
F. P. Cummings, of Cloyne, served in the 39th Batta-
lion. . . ...

Robert Eldon Cummings, of Clayne, enlisted at Belle-
ville in the 39th Battalion. He was overseas four years, of

THE HONOR ROLL OF THE COUNTY 87

which time one year was spent in the trenches and the other
three as a military policeman in England.
Amos A. Dafoe, of Flinton, was over military age; but
enlisted as Sergeant in the 254th, was transferred to the
146th and was in uniform eighteen months.
Gerald Dafoe, of Flinton, enlisted with the 146th, but
served with the C. M. R. for six months in France and went
through the battle of Vimy Ridge.
J. Campbell Dafce, a Sergeant in the 4th C. M. R.,
served two years in France, and was in the army three and
one-half years.
Lewis Gilbert Dafoe, son of J. M. Dafoe, of Flinton,
joined the 254th and served overseas in the Forestry Bat-
talion until the end of the war.
1"1. Dafoe, of Napanee, served with the Canadian
Forces.
Ross Dafoe, son of J. R. Dafoe, of Napanee, was ten
months in France, engaging in the battles of St. Eloi, Sanc-
tuary Wood, and Somme. He was seriously wounded and
spent many months in hospital.
W. W. Dafoe, only son of Amos A. Dafoe of the 146th,
went overseas and was attached to the 21st. He was
decorated with the l\filitary Medal.
Roland G. Daly, barrister-at-Iaw, enlisted with the
University of Toronto Overseas Training Company and
served with the Artists Rifles and Royal Garrison Artillery.
He was promoted to be 2nd Lieutenant and was mentioned
in despatches for good work in the retreat on the Somme.
Maxwell T. Darlington. formerly of Napanee and
Strathcona, served in France with the 18th Battalion. He
was in uniform four and one-half years, passed through six
battles and was twice wounded.
Arnold Davy, of Enterprise, enlisted in the Canadian
Army.
B. M. Davy, of Wilton, joined the 146th Battalion.
N. Day, of Camden, enlisted in the 3rd Depot Battalion.

88 WAR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

WaIter Day, of Colebrook, joined the 146th Battalion,
and was wounded in the right arm.
FranI! Deare, of Yarker, wears the
Iilitary Medal for
devotion to duty under heavy shell fire. He served twelve
months in the fighting zone with the 38th.
J. R. DeIderfieId, of Ernesttown, enlisted with the
Heavy Artillery at Cobourg and served in France from
July, 1917, until the end of the war.
Otto F. Deline, an Enterprise boy, enlisted at Kingston
with "C" Battery, R. C. H. A., and was transferred to the
First Division Signal Company. He was over three years
in the army and through six great battles.
Chas. D. Denison, of Camden, enlisted with the Queen's
Highlanders and was about one year in the army.
Ray Denison, of North Fredericksburgh, enlisted early
in the war and was in France for over two years from June,
1915. He was wounded at the battle of Lens, and was over
four years in uniform.
Wilfred C. Denison, of North Fredericksburgh, left
Canada with the 59th in the summer of 1916, was twice
wounded in trench warfare, and returned to Canada in
May, 1918.
'Villiam Denison, of Selby, enlisted at Kingston and
went overseas just in time to spend the last two months of
the war in France with the victorious army in its advance
upon Mons.
WiUis H. Denison, of Napanee, enlisted with the En-
gineers and served with the 21st Battalion for twelve
months in France and Belgium.
E. V. Denyes, of Morven, enlisted in the 6th Canadian
Reserves and sailed for England in July, 1918.
Gerald Denyes, of Odessa, enlisted with the 5th Cana-
dian Stationary Hospital and was in France two years in
the Army Medical Corps, finishing his military service with
the Field Ambulance Corps. He was promoted to Captain
and was once wounded and once mentioned in despatches
for good work at Arras.

THE HONOR ROUL OF WE COUNTY 89

Hazel Denyes, formerly of Odessa, served as a Nursing
Sister for two years in a military hospital in England.
Alexander P. Deroche, of Napanee, was in the Militia
Depar
ment at Ottawa with the rank of Major in the Royal
Canadian E
gineers. He was detached for duty on the
Headquarters Staff at Ottawa and was the Engineer in
charge of the construction of Valcartier Camp, which for
rapidity of construction was one of the most marvellous
engineering feats ever performed in Canada. He was also
in charge of all engineering construction works carried out
by the Department of Militia in Canada during the war. In
recognition of his splendid service he was promoted to the
rank of Colonel R. C. E. and Director-General of Engineer
Services.
Allen D. Detlor, born in Newburgh, but now of Elm
Tree, although forty-seven years of age, enlisted in Novem-
ber, 1914, but was refused by the Medical Board. Again in
1916 he enlisted with the 146th and crossed to England,
and was again refused and returned to Canada. He enlist-
ed a third tin1e in 1917 in the Forestry Corps and served in
England with that unit and the Royal Flying Corps until
the end of the war.
William Dibb, of Napanee, enlisted with Queen's Uni-
versity Highland Regiment and served in France and Bel-
gium for over two years and was engaged in all the great
Canadian battles during that period.
Grant Dickenson was mentioned in despatches for gal-
lant service on the Western Front. He is a Napanee boy
and served in France and Belgium for three years and five
months in the Canadian Army Service Corps.
S. Dickenson, of Napanee, served in the C. T. M. T. C.
Fred. Dickson, of Camden, joined the Canadian Forces.
William Dickson, of Centreville, was in the Army Medi-
cal Corps.
.T. S. Dingman, of Napanee, served with the 146th
Miss Marjorie Doller, of Napanee, was engaged three

90 WAR WORK OF iLENNOX AND ADDINGTON

months in the office of the Flight Commander of Camp
Rathbun at Deseronto.
Henry Dool was a lumberman in Denbigh and enlisted
in the Transport Service and, owing to his previous exper-
ience, was engaged in building roads in France for two
years.
James Phillip Dorland, son of the late Dr. James Dor-
land, of Adolphustown, enlisted and went overseas with the
First Contingent and served for two years in the Artillery
until the death of his father, when he was discharged from
the army.
Robert Dott, a Scotch lad Jiving at Camden East, en-
listed in the 80th and served in several battalions, including
the 4th lVlachine Gun Battalion. He held the rank of Cor-
poral and was wounded and gassed.
R. R. Dougan, of Newburgh, served with the 146th
Battalion.
Estella Douglas, of Napanee, served for seventeen
months as a Nursing Sister in three different military hos-
pitals in Ontario.
Wilfred Dowling, of Enterprise, was in the First East-
ern Ontario Battalion.
William Harold Duffett, of Adolphustown, a graduate
in Medicine of Queen's, served as Captain for two years in
the Canadian Army Medical Corps. He was stationed while
in England with the Canadian General Hospital at Hastings.
B. R. Dulmage joined the 1st Depot Battalion.
John Clarence Dunn was born at N ewburgh and enlist-
ed as a gunner in the 53rd Battery and saw service in
France, and remained with the victorious Canadians until
they reached Germany. He was in the service over three
years.
Michael James Dunn, of Kaladar, crossed to England in
l\1arch, 1918, and advanced on Mons with the 4th C. M. R.
Mathew Durham, a Scotch lad working on a farm on
Amherst Island, served four years in the war. He was

THE HONOR ROLL OF THE COUNTY 91

wounded and shell-shocked in December, 1916, and was
unable to return to the fighting zone.
Joseph Dwyer, of Enterprise, seryed in the 198th
Battalion.
Louise Dwyer, formerly of Camden rrownship, a grad-
uate of Kingston General Hospital, served for ten months
in the Canadian l\Iilitary Hospital as a Nursing Sister.
Eric R. Eagle, born at Yarker, enlisted at nineteen
years of age in the Royal Air Force and died of influenza
five months afterwards while still in training in Canada.
C!arance Gray Eakins, of Napanee, was attending Tor-
onto University, enlisted in the 67th C. F. A., served in
France and Belgiun1, and after two and one-half years in
the army returned at the end of the war to complete his
Unive:,'
ily course.
David Osmond Edgar, of Camden, en1isted in the 146th,
was raised to the rank of Sergeant, took a course in the
Provincial School of Infantry and was injured at Valcartier
and discharged as unfit for service just before his battalion
left for overseas.
Alfred Eklund, born in Scotland, was working on a
farm near N ewburgh, and enlisted in the 155th and served
in France for three years with the 21st.
H. W. Ellis, of N orthbrook, was in the 3rd Depot
Battalion.
C. V. Emmons, of Napanee, served with the Canadian
Forces.
Walter R. Ernsley, formerly of Napanee, enlisted at
Pembroke in the 21st and served at Headquarters 2nd Can-
adian Division Canadian Army Pay Corps. He was men-
tioned in despatches for devotion to duty.
Hugh Evans, formerly of Sheffield, served in the Over-
seas Forces.
Donald L. Fee, formerly of Camden East, served for
two years in the Canadian Army Medical Corps, enlisting as
Lieutenant and was promoted to rank of Captain.
Arthur B. Fennell won the Military Cross for maintain-

92 WAR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

ing telephone communication during the battle of Hill 70.
He was in France nineteen months and returned under
special orders to join the Siberian expedition. He is an
old Napanee boy, and at the time of his enlistment was
Assistant Registrar of Toronto University, which position
he resumed upon his return from Siberia.
Jm;eph E. Fenwick, of Napanee, served in the Artillery.
F A. Fevreau, of Flinton, served in the 155th Battalion.
Henry Kerr Filson, son of the late Robert Filson, of
Amherst Island, at one time Warden of the County, enlisted
with 146th, served in France with C. A. M. C., but was
returned to England disabled with trench fever.
Robert 1U. Filson, son of the late Robert Filson, was a
graduate in Medicine from Queen's, enlisted in January,
1916, and joined the Queen's Field Ambulance, was
IVledical Officer in France with 7th British Columbia Batta-
lion, also with 3rd and 1st Field Ambulance, and returned
in command of the latter unit, which was originally
commanded by Brig. Gen. A. E. Ross.
James S. Finn was three and one-half years in the army
and 'twenty-eight months in France, Belgium and Germany.
He is an electrician from N apanee and was once wounded.
Robert Finn, formerly of ErinsvilIe, enlisted with the
1st Depot Battalion, and was a member of the Siberian
Expedition.
Samuel J. Finn, formerly of Enterprise, served as
sergeant in the United States Army in the 303rd Field
Signal Battalion.
Thomas Finn, of Napanee, joined the IVlounted Rifles.
Lewis L. Fish, of Napanee, was in the 80th Battalion.
Charles P. Fitzpatrick, of Napanee, was a student in
Medicine at Toronto University. He enlisted as a sub-
lieutenant in the Royal Navy and served for seven months
in the North Sea with the Grand Fleet. He was once
wounded in the leg by an explosion on a destroyer.
Donald Fitzpatrick, a farmer of Selby, trained for four

THE HONOR .ROLL OF THE COUNTY 93

and one-half months with the Eastern Ontario Battalion,
and was discharged owing to ill health.
Frank Noel Sanford Fleming, of Napanee, enlisted at
Bowmanville in July, 1916 in 235th, sailed in April, 1917,
was transferred to 134th Highlander, thence to 13th Cana-
dian Railroad Troops, in which unit he served in France
until the end of the war.
Joseph Forbes, of Kaladar, served in the 3rd A.
:'I. C.
Frank Ford, of Napanee, left a wife and family to fight
for his motherland. He enlisted with the 21st, was in
uniform three years and three months, and was shell-
shocked while engaged in trench warfare.
John George Forster, mechanic, engaged at Napanee
Iron Works, enlisted with the 87th in November, 1915,
saw service in France and was at Mons when the armistice
was signed.
George Foulger, of Fredericksburgh, joined the 146th,
and served in 4th C. M. R., taking part in four great battles
and was wounded by a gunshot. He was killed accidentally
on the railway in Napanee, in October, 1919.
Edgar Allan Fox, of N ewburgh, enlisted in the 146th
and went to France in September of the same year, where
he was engaged in the hazardous occupation of throwing
bombs at the enemy at short range. He remained at the
front until the end of the war except for a short time when
in hospital with trench fever.
J. A. Fralick was decorated with the Military Medal by
General Lord Byng for bravery in the field, and also won
the D. C. l'rI. He was born and brought up at Morven. He
served through three great battles and was once severely
wounded by a shrapnel.
Arthur Franklin, of Yarker, served three years in
uniform, spending more than one-half of this time in
France. He was wounded by a gunshot in the right arm
in August, 1918.
Frederick Fraser, son of Roderick Fraser, enlisted at
the same time and in the same battalion as his father.

94 WAR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

They went overseas together but the son was detained for
service in England.
Marshall Graham Fraser enlisted in the Divisional
SignaUers, served with the Canadian Engineers at the
battles of Cambrai and Mons. He was a farmer near
N apanee.
RodericI{ Fraser, of Napanee, aged forty-six years, a
veteran of the South African War, enlisted in the 146th and
went overseas in 1916, and after training in England, spent
several months in the trenches in France, and came home
unharmed to find peace more terrible to him than war; for
since his return he was badly mangled in the cement mill
at Point Anne, losing one arm and badly crippling the
other.
Harold Freeman, of Yarker, was in the Canadian
Forces. '
Harold R. French, of N apanee, served with the 209th
Battalion.
R. E. Fretts, of Hawley, enlisted with the 146th, and
was discharged while training at Valcartier as physically
unfit.
Clifford Luke Frink, of Camden, was twice wounded
with multiple wounds and spent sixteen months in hospital
and convalescent homes in England. He enlisted in the
80th and served in the 73rd R. H. C. and 42nd R. H. C.,
taking part in five great battles.
Wesley Frink, of Wilton, enlisted in October, 1914,
spent seventeen months in France, and was invalided home
in May, 1917. He held the rank of Captain and upon his
return was charged with the enforcement of the Military
Service Act in this county.
Luther Hugh Furrs, of Camden, enlisted in September,
1915, with the 146th. He was wounded severely in the
back at Passchendaele and spent ten months in hospital in
England, and recovered sufficiently to take a position in a
supply camp until the end of the war.
Shibley Arthur Furrs, of Camden, aged nineteen years,

THE HONOR ROLL OF THE COUNTY 95

went overseas in February, 1918, and was in training in
England when the armistice was signed.
Gordon Furse, of Sillsville, joined the 1st Depot Bat-
talion of Eastern Ontario, and sailed for England in July,
1918, where he trained until the end of the war.
Arthur Raymond Galbraith, of Croydon, served for
twelve months with the 4th C. M. R., going through the
battles of Vimy Ridge and Passchendaele. At the latter
battle he was severely wounded and had to undergo an
operation in which his left leg was amputated.
Horace Galbraith, Camden East, served in the Cana-
dian Forces.
F. Y. Gallagher, of Napanee, served with the 59th
Battalion.
Sanford Edward Gallagher, of Dorland, enlisted in the
146th, trained for six months and was discharged.
William H. Gamble, of Napanee, enlisted in the 72nd
Ba ttalion.
I. L. Gardener, of Yarker, was in the Canadian Forces.
Frederick J. Garrison, of Colebrook, served seventeen
months in France, Belgium and Germany in the First Divi-
sion Supply Column and the First Division Mechanical
Transport Company.
John J. Garrison, of Yarker, served with the 156th
Battalion.
Reuben Garrison, formerly of Parma, served two years
in a Western Canada Regiment.
Harold Gibbs, of Bath, served in the 97th Battalion.
:Morley L. Gilbert, of Hawley, served in the 41st C. M.
R., and was wounded and gassed.
J. Alexander Gilmour, of Vennachar, enlisted in the
First Depot Battalion, and was in training in England when
the war ended.
W. C. Gilmour, of Vennachar, cheesemaker, enlisted in
the 235th, and served in the 230th Forestry Corps. He was
wounded and shell-shocked while working on an aerodrome
in France.

96 WAR WORK OF LENNQX AND ADDINGTON

William D. Gilmour, of Vennachar, served in the Cana-
dian Forces.
Cyril Glass, an Englishman by birth, was engaged as
cheesemaker on Amherst Island, and enlisted in the 146th.
He was raised to rank of Sergeant and fought in four great
engagements. He was awarded the military medal for his
bravery under fire at Amiens, where he collected a party to
man the Lewis guns and wiped out the crew of a German
Field Gun which was firing point blank at the Canadians.
He was wounded at Cambrai.
F. Gonyou, of Flinton, joined the 253rd Battalion.
John F. Grady, of Napanee, was in the Army Service
Corps.
Edward Wilkinson Grange, formerly of N apanee, was
assigned to Headquarters Staff, and was in charge of the
daily news service by cable to overseas troops.
F. Grange, of Selby, joined the 3rd Depot Battalion.
George Grange, of Napanee, enlisted as Lieutenant in
the Mechanical Transport Corps, was transferred to Royal
Air Force, and returned to Canada in November, 1918.
J. Green, of Croydon, enlisted in the 155th and remain-
ed in the service in Canada for two years.
D. Gregg, of Vennachar, served in the 235th Battalion.
Wm. J. Griffin, of Napanee, enlisted in the 200th Bat-
talion.
Spencer W. Griffith, of Napanee, was attached to the
1st Eastern Ontario Battalion.
George Gurney, of Conway, served for four and one-
half years, of which time over three years was spent in
France. He was with the Army Service Corps and the
Engineers and did his part in eight battles.
W. J. Haggerty, formerly of Tamworth, enlisted at
Victoria, B.C., with the 67th, was transferred to the 102nd,
and served for over two years on the Western Front, being
wounded several times, once severely, causing the loss of
his right eye and destroying the hearing of his right ear.
Re won the Military Medal at Cambraí for bravery under

'J.1HE HONOR ROLL OF THE COUN'r.Y 97

heavy fire. He laid a telephone wire in the front line
trenches. This was cut by an enemy shell, and he went
out and held it together under heavy fire while a message
was sent to headquarters. He was signal instructor at the
end of the war, and is now chief steward on a Pacific liner
sailing from Seattle.
Stanley Haggerty, of Camden, enlisted with the 75th
Battery in May, 1918, and crossed the Pacific on the Siber-
ian Expedition, returning in April, 1919.
J. C. Haines, of Napanee, served in the 218th Batta-
lion.
George Ernest Hall, son of W. F. Hall, of Napanee,
enlisted as Captain in the Canadian Heavy Artillery, and
was afterwards promoted to the rank of Major. He went
over with the First Contingent, spent ten months in France
and returned in November, 1915. He was subsequently
granted "sick leave" and was appointed head of the Military
Hospital Commission for the Province of Quebec.
W. E. Hall, of Flinton, was in the Army Service Corps.
Douglas Miller Ham, Napanee, was a student at the
Royal l\iilitary College at the outbreak of war. He was
granted a commission as Lieutenant in the Imperial Army
in India. He served two and one-half years in India and
Arabia, and was sent home on sick leave with a gunshot
wound in the right knee. He has returned and is now on
the permanent force in India with the rank of Captain.
Kenneth Ham, N apanee, was attending Trinity College,
Toronto, and enlisted as a gunner in the 67th Battery. He
served sixteen months on the Western Front and was com-
missioned as Lieutenant.
Vivian Hambly, Napanee, went to France as Nursing
Sister with Queen's Hospital No.7, in February, 1916, and
served with that unit until the end of the war.
David V. Hamilton, formerly of Camden East, enlisted
as a bugler with the 38th. He was in the service over four
years, being ten months in Cuba. He was wounded in
France, and after recovering joined the Air Force.

98 WAR WORK OF LENNOX kND .A!DDINGTON

J. Hamilton, of Enterprise, was a driver in C Battery,
R. C. H. A.
Samuel Hamilton, of Camden, enlisted for service.
William Hamilton, of Camden, was in the Canadian
Army.
C. F. W. Hannah, of Camden, joined the Royal Air
Force, trained for nine months, and was a Flight Cadet at
Camp Mohawk when the war ended.
Robert J. Hannah, of Enterprise, enlisted and rendered
good service in securing recruits.
Ross Hannah, of Centreville, enlisted for service.
G. L. Harmer, of Napanee, served in the 18th Batta-
lion.
I. Vincent Harrison was a lieutenant in the Canadian
Expeditionary Force.
J. F. Harrison, of Tamworth, served in the Central On-
tario Battalion.
Almer Harten, of Roblin, enlisted in the 254th Batta-
lion.
D. A. Harten, of Selby, served in the 227th Battalion.
Elgin Harten, of Enterprise, enlisted.
Wilfred Ira Hartman was an Ernesttown farmer, who
served with the 4th C. M. R. for twenty-eight months in
France, and was twice wounded. He held the rank of Ser-
geant when discharged.
J. E. Harvey, of Odessa, enlisted in the 59th Battalion.
A. Haselton, of Bath, served in the 39th Battalion.
R. Haskell, of Newburgh, joined the 1st Depot Batta-
lion.
A. Hasler, of Flinton, was in the army three years, of
which time twenty-two months were spent in the fighting
zone. He was twice wounded, and was promoted to the
rank of Sergeant.
Allan Joseph Hawley, of Bath, formerly of Cloyne,
joined the 8th C. M. R. and for twenty-two months fought
in France with the 5th C. M. R., being wounded at Ypres

THE HONOR ROLL OF THE COUNTY , 99

and again at the Somme. He died of influenza in October,
1918, at Ottawa.
Archie Hawley, of Cloyne, enlisted in the 146th Batta-
lion.
H. J. Hawley, of Newburgh, joined the 155th Battalion.
Herbert S. Hawley left the farm at Cloyne for the
army, joining the 146th; afterwards transferred to 4th
C. M. R. and fought through four great battles and came
safely through two years campaigning in France.
Manley Ha wley, of Camden, served in the Canadian
Army.
Thomas Hawley, of Newburgh, served in the 155th
Battalion.
Wesley Wilson Hawley, of Bath, formerly of Cloyne,
joined the 8th C. M. R. and went to France with the 5th
C. M. R. He was staff sergeant and shared the fortunes
of his fighting regiment for over two years. Was twice
wounded and on one occasion remained buried for three
hours by the debris of a high explosive shell.
George Hay was a farmer in Richmond and joined the
Canadian Army Service Corps in 1915, and served in that
unit until the armistice was signed.
John Hay, of Camden East, was in the 21st Battalion.
David Hayes, of Napanee, joined the 80th Battalion.
J. R. Hayman, of Odessa, served in the Canadian
Forces.
J. B. Hearns, of Napanee, joined the 80th Battalion.
W. S. Hearns, of Napanee, joined the 146th Battalion.
R. Helen, of Northbrook, was in the 3rd Special Service.
J. M. Henderson joined the 34th Battalion.
Stanley Henderson, Napanee, school teacher, enlisted
in January, 1918, in the 75th Battery, and reached France
in time to accompany the victorious army across the Rhine.
W. J. Hermings, of Napanee, served in the 59th.
Reginald Herring was born in Napanee. He quit his
University course at McGill and joined the 1st Canadian

100 WAR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

Tank Battalion and went overseas in June, 1918, but did
not reach the front.
Harry Herrington, of Napanee, enlisted at Winnipeg
with the 184th. He served in France for fifteen months
with the 78th Winnipeg Grenadiers and was once wounded.
Miss Lenora Herrington, N apanee, was four years in
France as a Nursing Sister, and was decorated at Bucking-
ham Palace by His Majesty with the Military IVledal. She
was Night Superintendent of No.1 Canadian General Hos-
pital on the night of the raid in June, 1918, and was largely
responsible by her personal example of courage for the
maintenance of discipline and efficiency throughout that
awful night. She is still in the service at Sydenham
Hospital, Kingston.
Miss
Iargaret Eleanor Herrington served as a V. A.
D. at Spadina Military Hospital during the Influenza epi-
demic in 1918, and as Official Visitor to Dependants of
Deceased Soldiers in England for three months in 1919.
Walter Harold Herrington, of Napanee, a student at
Queen's, enlisted with Queen's Hospital Re-inforcements,
transferred to the 3rd Field Ambulance, was wounded and
gassed at Hill 70, and after six months in hospital, was
transferred to a Hospital Ship.
Robinson Hetherington, of Napanee, enlisted with the
6th Queen's Engineers.
Charles H. Hicks, of Denbigh, was in the Canadia

Army.
Raymond Hicks, a farmer's son of Fredericksburgh,
enlisted with the 80th, and embarked with his battalion
at Halifax, but was found to be ill and was taken ashore
and placed in hospital, and died of pneumonia four days
after. He spent the winter of 1915-16 in the armouries
at Napanee and was well liked by his comrades-in-arms for
his kind and genial disposition.
W. H. Hicks, of Tamworth, served in the 155th Batta-
lion.
John Travers Hill, formerly of Conway, a graduate in

THE HONOR ROLL OF THE COUNTY 101

l\íedicine from Queen's, enlisted in C. A. M. C. as a captain,
and was raised to rank of Major and again to Lieut.-
Colonel. He served for five years continuously in hospital
work.
Bert Hillier, of Odessa, was in the Canadian Forces.
Reginald Duncan Hinch, formerly of Napanee, passed
through all the grades from private to captain. He was
twice wounded; but returned to the front each time as soon
as he was fit, and crowned his splendid record by winning
the Military Cross at Valenciennes a few weeks before the
armistice was signed. He enlisted in Winnipeg and was
three years and four months in the army.
'Villiam Ogden Hinch, of Camden East, belonged to
the 1st Eastern Ontario Battalion.
Miss Annie R. Hinchey served as a Nursing Sister in
the Overseas Forces.
Arthur R. Hinds spent his life on a farm at Conway
until he joined the C. M. R. Depot Battalion. He served
fifteen months in France with the Machine Gun Corps and
the 116th, and was twice wounded.
Clement Hinds, of Fredericksburgh, enlisted, and was
rejected as physically unfit.
P. E. Histed was a Camden boy. He entered the army
at Winnipeg as a sapper with the 3rd Engineers, and came
through all the battles from Ypres to Passchendaele with-
out a scratch.
Herbert Hodge, of Wilton, served in the Canadian
Army.
C. T. Holland, of Emerald, was a member of No.3
Depot Battalion.
Francis Walter Holland, of Amherst Island, a mariner,
enlisted in Kingston, Jamacia, and served in Bermuda,
Egypt, France and Belgium. Fought at Ferry Post, Suez
Canal, Somme, Vimy and Passchendaele, and joined the
North Sea Patrol, where he was made Navigating Officer
in the Royal Navy. He received a bulIet wound in his hand

102 W kR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

and was awarded the Military :r,iedal for rescuing wounded
comrades under heavy fire, and for organizing his men.
Howard Wilson Holland, a baker at Y'arker, joined the
45th Battel1Y at Kingston in 1915, and was over two years
in the midst of the hottest fighting, and escaped with one
slight wound at Amiens in August, 1918.
Eric Holt, of Bath, enlisted in 1917 with the 71st Bat-
tery, and was attached to the 53rd Battery in France as
signaller. He was gassed in June, 1918, returned to the
front in August, and remained with the army until the
occupation of Germany.
Arthur Howard, of Napanee, was a member of the 1st
Eastern Ontario BattaIion.
Orval Wilkie Brown Howie, of Bath, enlisted in the
Royal Flying Corps in 1917, and passed through different
branches of training, and was a cadet at Camp Mohawk at
the conclusion of the war.
Roy F. Howie, Napanee, joined and trained with the
80th at the armouries in Napanee, and upon reaching
England was transferred to 72nd Seaforth Highlanders.
He saw three years service at the front, and was once
wounded in the back by a shrapnel.
E. W. Huffman, of Kaladar, served in the 227th Batta-
lion.
H. W. Huffman, of Newburgh, enlisted as a gunner in
the 75th Battery, and served in Canada for eight months
before the armistice was signed.
L. C. Huffman, of Moscow, left farming for the army
in 1916, and served one year in France and Belgium, taking
part in four battles. He was invalided to England for five
months with trench feet and trench fever.
R. A. Huffman, of Napanee, was in the 3rd Special
Service Corps.
Ralph W. Huffman, of Moscow, went overseas in 1917,
and served with the 134th Highlanders and the 4th C. M. R.
He was wounded at Hill 70.

THE HONOR ROLL OF THE COUNTY 103

William Hull, of Camden East, was in the Canadian
Army.
F. J. Hunt, of Erinsville, enlisted for service.
William Hunter, of Odessa, enlisted in the 38th Batta-
lion.
w. F
Huyck, of Napanee, enlisted in the 146th Batta-
lion.
Charles Hyderman, of Richmond, enlisted with the
155th at Deseronto, and upon arriving in England was
transferred to the 21st, and remained with that battalion
until the war was over.
Lewis J. Innes came to Canada from Scotland when
eight years of age, and was a cheesemaker in Richmond
when war was declared. He served over three years and
was with the 4th C. M. R. in France.
Sperry Jackson, of Colebrook, enlisted with the 181st
Battalion.
F. Jaffray spent the first eight years of his life in
England, an'd since then has made his home in Camden and
Sheffield. He went overseas with the 146th, served in the
Field Ambulance Corps, and was badly shell-shocked.
Garnet W. Jaffray, of Moscow, joined the Army Service
Corps in 1914, was four and one-half years in the army,
spending half this period in the battle area in France.
Arthur Eyquem De Montaigne Jarvis, son of Rev.
Canon Jarvis, enlisted with the 166th, was transferred to
the 38th with rank of Lieutenant, and saw active service in
France, Egypt and Macedonia. During the latter part of
the war he was an air scout in the Royal Air Force. He
was wounded at Vimy Ridge and was decorated by the King
at Buckingham Palace with the Distinguished Flying Cross
for conspicuous services, and was officially described as "a
móst determined fighter". He had eleven enemy planes
to his credit.
George Stephen Jarvis, son of Rev. Canon Jarvis, en-
listed as a sapper in the Signal Corps, and as soon as he
was of military age, left Canada in September, 1916,

104 WAR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

cros
ed to France in April, 1917, and served on the western
front until the end of the war.
Henry Roe Jarvis, son of Rev. Canon Jarvis, Rector of
St. Mary Magdalene Church, Napanee, as a 1st Lieutenant,
saw service in France and Macedonia. He was twice
severely gassed at the Somme, and seriously wounded in
the shoulder from a high explosive shell. All the officers
and more than fifty per cent. of the men of his battery were
killed or wounded in this battle. He was the last of the
original complement to be placed on the casualty list.
Bruce Jemmett, of Napanee, seryed as a Lieutenant
in the Royal Naval Volunteer Reserves, and was mentioned
in despatches for his excellent work in dropping depth
charges on enemy submarines. He was refused admission
to the army several times owing to defective vision, but
spent three years and three months in the navy.
Douglas Mill Jemmett, of Napanee, was a member of
the First Contingent and served with the Engineers. He
was three times wounded, the last being a 8evere shell
wound in his left foot, the effect of which was so serious
that he was discharged from the service in the latter part
of 1917. He was promoted to the rank of Lieutenant, and
was awarded the D. C. M. for conspicuous gallantry in
building a bridge over the Yser Canal under heavy fire.
Albert John, of Denbigh, enlisted in the 228th Batta-
lion.
Lorne John, of Denbigh, was a member of the 146th
Battalion.
F. Earl Johnston, a farmer from Ernesttown, enlisted
as a bandsman in the 59th, and served with the 21st one
year in France and Belgium, taking part in the battles of
Vimy Ridge, Hill 70, and Passchendaele.
I. Johnston, of Stella, served in the Forestry Corps.
Le Roy Johnston, son of W. B. Johnston, of Napanee,
enlisted with the 80th at Napanee, spending his first five
months as a soldier in the Napanee armouries. He served
two years with the 50th of Calgary, and sustained a severe

THE HONOR ROLL OF THE COUNTY 105

fracture of the left leg from a fragment of a high explosive

hell.
Robert Johnston, son of W. B. Johnston, of Napanee,
was one of the first in the county to volunteer his services.
I-Ie trained at Valcartier, crossed with the First Contingent,
and spent tht first winter of the war in the mud of Salis-
bury Plains. He served four years in all in the Signal
Corps, and came unscratched through many battles.
W. P. Johnston, of Napanee, served as a signaller.
Alfred Jones, of Napanee, a farm laborer, enlisted in
1915 at Kingston in the 3rd Division Heavy Artillery. He
went overseas the same year and was wounded, gassed and
shell shocked.
Parl(er Jones, of Napanee, enlisted in the 146th, served
with the 8th Canadian Battery and the 90th Winnipeg
Rifles in France, and was wounded at Passchendaele.
Percy Jones, of Bath, served in the Canadian Army
l\Iedical Corps.
W. Jones, of Napanee, was in the 146th Battalion.
F. H. Joslin, of Bath, joined the 146th Battalion.
Dwight Joyce, of Napanee, was in the army three
years and three months, spending more than half of this
time in France, and was decorated with the D. C. M. He
enlisted as a gunner and was promoted to rank of sergeant,
serving in the artillery until he was discharged.
Zina J. Joyce, of Napanee, served in the Canadian Ex-
peditionary Force.
John l'ÆiIton Ray, of Camden East, joined the 21st, and
sailed for England in May, 1915, and crossed in the month
of September following to France, where he remained in
the fighting line for three years. He was three times
wounded, and for his bravery in rescuing an officer under
fire he was awarded the much coveted Military Medal.
This decoration was presented to him by the Prince of
Wales upon the occasion of his visit to Kingston. At the
time of his discharge he held the rank of Corporal.
C. R. Kaylor was born in Napanee, and joined the Royal

106 'VTAR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

Air Force. He trained in Texas and received his wings in
March, 1918, and upon receiving his commission, acted as
instructor at Camp Borden and Leaside until July, when
he went overseas. From his arrival in England until the
end of the war he was engaged in patrolling the North Sea,
and was present at the attack upon Zeebrugge.
J. H. Kearns, of Tamworth, was in the 3rd C. G. R.
Harvey Keech, of Moscow, was in the 1st Eastern
Ontario Battalion.
Irvin Kellar, of Napanee, served in the 1st Eastern
Ontario Battalion.
Leland Stanley Kellar, son of George H. Kellar, of
Camden, en1isted in the Machine Gun Corps, but owing to
defective hearing, was transferred to the Home Guard and
put on duty at Fort Henry, Kingston.
Rev. W. E. Kidd resigned his position as Vicar of St.
Mary Magdalene Church, Napanee, and accepted the
position of chaplain in the 21st Battalion. He left Canada
in May, 1915, and spent three years on the Western front.
He was not content with the performance of the duties
appertaining to the office of chaplain, but whenever he
could help his comrades in distress he cheerfully did so.
For his bravery in rescuing the wounded at the battle of
Courcelette, he was decorated with the Military Cross by
His Majesty at Buckingham Palace.
Stanley Delwert King, of Sheffield, enlisted at Tam-
worth in the 146th, and after the usual training, entered
the firing line in November, 1916, in time to take part in
most of the great battles. He was a sergeant commanding
a machine gun section at the end of the war.
T. J. King, of Ernesttown, enlisted at Kingston in 1918
and crossed to England in June and sustained a very
severe shell-shock upon the Western Front, from which he
was still suffering at the conclusion of hostilities.
H. H. Kirk enlisted with the 227th at Sault Ste. Marie,
and reached the trenches in France. Was twice wounded,

'III-IE HONOR ROLL OF WE COUNTY 107

and was discharged in February, 1918, as physically unfit
to remain longer in the service.
Arthur Knight, of Bath, was in the 146th Battalion.
Claude H. Knight, Napanee, enlisted at Toronto in the
Royal Air Force, and after five months' service, was dis-
charged after the armistice was signed.
A. Knowlton, of Napanee, was in the 3rd Special Ser-
vice Battalion.
Leonard Kring, of Plevna, enlisted with the 254th, and
reached the fighting zone in January, 1918, and had the
satisfaction of doing his share in smashing the Hndenburg
line. He was once gassed and once wounded by shrapnel.
Earl L. Ku!pack, of Tamworth, enlisted with the 146th
at Tanlworth, and was one of his battalion drafted to re-
inforce the 4th C. 1\1. R. He was wounded and invalided
home.
Alexander Lafferty, of Napanee, served with the 1st
Division Heavy Trench Mortars, and spent twenty-six
months in France. He was a member of the First Conting-
ent, and went through all the great battles in which the
Canadians took part until the battle of Vimy Ridge, where
he was blown up and paralysed in both legs and discharged
in June, 1918, totally disabled.
P. A. Laidley, of N apanee, was one of the first in
Napanee to enlist, and served until the end of the war.
Charles H. Laird, of Bath, went overseas in June, 1918,
with the Eastern Ontario Regiment, and was in training in
England when the war ended.
W. Laird, of Napanee, was in the 1st Depot Battalion.
P. S. Lal{e, of Newburgh, served in the Mounted Rifles.
.James E. Lambert, of Moscow, served in the 146th.
Z. ß. Lambert, of Denbigh, was in the 3rd Depot Bat-
talion.
D. W. Lanole, of Napanee, was in No. 2 Depot Bat-
talion.
James Victor Lapum, of Centreville, a school teacher,

108 WAR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

joined the 1st Depot Battalion, and served in No.3 Cana-
dian Garrison Regiment at Kingston.
L. Laveck, of Enterprise, served in the 146th.
Fred. G. Lawson, of Tamworth, was a driver in the
76th Battery.
1\1elville G. Lee, of Tamworth, enlisted at Tamworth,
in the 146th, and went to France in November, 1916, to
re-inforce the 4th C. M. R. He was attacked with trench
feet and trench fever at Vimy Ridge, and spent the rest of
his time in hospital and in further training and instructing.
Norman D. Lemon, of Napanee, was in the 1st Eastern
Ontario Battalion.
F. Lessard, of Flinton, served in the 3rd Depot Batta-
lion.
John B. Lessard, of Flinton, joined the 27th in Winni-
peg, crossed to France in August, 1918, in time to take part
in the drive upon Cambrai and followed up the retreating
Germans to their own country.
P. Lessard, of Flinton, served in the 154th Battalion.
George Lewis, of Camden East, served for ten months
in the 11th Battery of Canadian Field Artillery in France,
and took part in the battles of Amiens, Arras, Cambrai and
Valenciennes.
Roy Calvin Lewis, of Kaladar, served in Canada for ten
months in the Canadian Engineers.
William Milton Lewis, of Switzerville, served for two
years in the Army Medical Corps in Canada.
A. Lloyd, of Flinton, enlisted in the 146th Battalion.
Bertram :Mortimer Lloyd, of Sillsville, left the farm
and joined the Eastern Ontario Battalion. He went over-
seas and trained six months in England up to the end of
the war.
Bruce Lloyd, South Fredericksburgh, joined the 1st
Depot Battalion, crossed to France in August, 1918, and
served two months on the Western Front, and was once
wounded.
Elias Lloyd, of Flinton, enlisted in the 254th Battalion.

THE HONOR ROLL OF THE COUNTY 109

Frank Lloyd, of Cloyne, enlisted in the 239th Batta-
lion.
P. Lloyd, of Flint on, served in the Canadian Forces.
W. H. Lloyd, of SiIlsville, served three years in the
Mounted Rifles.
J. F. Lochead, CentreviUe, enlisted with the 80th, but
served with the 73rd and 42nd Highlanders and the 7th
Brigade Trench IVlortar Battery. He arrived in France in
time for the battle of Vimy Ridge, and remained on duty
until the battle of Mons, except for a short period, when he
was laid up with a gunshot wound in his right arm.
Wilfred Lockwood, of Denbigh, was in the Eastern
Ontario Battalion.
John Lorne, of Denbigh, served in the Canadian Forces.
Don LoU, of Tamworth, saw service in France, and
was wounded at St. Elai in April, 1916, and at Passchen-
daele in October, 1917.
Fred LoU, of Tamworth, enlisted and served in the
146th.
Henry Lott, of Tamworth, enlisted in the 47th ten
days after war was declared, and crossed with the First
Contingent, and took part in the engagements in which the
Canadians received their baptism of fire. He was wounded
at the battle of the Somme, and after spending some time
in a hospital in England, was invalided home in April, 1917.
W. C. LoU, of Tamworth, was attached to the 3rd
Depot Battalion.
Arthur R. Loucks, Enterprise, joined the 249th at Cal-
gary, and took his place in the trenches in May, 1918, and
was wounded in the right thigh on September 22nd, and
incapacitated for further service.
B. A. Loucks, of Napanee, served in the 204th Batta-
lion.
Harry Loucks, a N apanee boy, cast in his lot with the
146th, and saw twenty months' service in France with the
52nd. He passed through all the heavy engagements in

110 WAR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

which the Canadians took part. He was gassed at Loos,.
but was laid up for a short time only.
Ross Louis, of Napanee, was in the Eastern Ontario
Ba ttalion.
w. Wallace Loyst, of Flinton, was one of the many
from the county who started in with the 146th and went to
re-inforce the 4th C. M. R. in France. He was one year in
the trenches, and did his bit at Vimy and Passchendaele.
P. G. Lucas, of Napanee, was in the 3rd Depot Batta-
lion.
Carl Lundburg, of Croydon, enlisted in August, 1915,
and after two months' training, crossed to England, thence
to France. In September, 1916, he was severely wounded
and a year passed before he was sufficiently recovered to
receive his discharge.
:Miss Mabel G. Madden, formerly of Napanee, a
Nursing Sister in the United States army, saw service in
the United States and in the convalescent hospital at
Mentone, France.
John J. Manion, of Napanee, served in the Army Ser-
vice Corps attached to the 66th Battery for three and one-
half years.
J. Manser, of Napanee, was in the 80th Battalion.
A. W. Marlin, of Sheffield, saw two years in the army,
spending ten months in France, going through three battles
and secured 'an honorable wound at the battle of Arras.
James Marsh, of Sillsville, served in the C. E. F.
M. H. Marshall, of Napanee, served in the 146th Bat-
talion.
Donald Martin, of Yarker, joined the R. C. H. A. at
I{ingston and served ten months in Canada.
Kenneth Martin, of Wilton, was in the first E.astem
Ontario Battalion.
W. L. Mason, of N apanee, enlisted in the 39th Batta-
lion.
George Mathews, of Napanee, chose the artillery as the
branch of the service best suited to his qualifications, and

THE HONOR ROIJL OF THE COUNTY 111

accordingly joined the 72nd Battery at Kingston. He was
at the battles of Cambrai, Arras and Amiens, and helped
to smash the Hindenburg line. He was once wounded.
C. l\faunders, of Ernesttown, enlisted in the 21st Bat-
talion.
W. S. Maurice, of Napanee, was a gunner in the C. F. A.
Frederick Royce Maybee, of Napanee, enlisted with the
71st, and went to England in March, 1916, and served in
England as Brigade Quarter Master Sergeant until August,
1918, when he returned to Canada.
Archie I'deeks, of Cloyne, at eighteen years of age, left
his father's farm and enlisted in the 146th. He was seven
months in the trenches serving on a machine gun. On
April 9th, 1917, at Vimy Ridge, a German bullet destroyed
the sight of both his eyes. His record in the army was a
most creditable one.
Giles G. Membery, of Adolphustown, was Medical Offi-
cer of the 8th C. 1\-1. R. from January to August, 1915. He
then went overseas, joined the Royal Navy and served one
year on H. M. S. Cochrane, and went through the Jutland
fight and the East Coast Raid. He returned to Canada in
July, 1917.
Louis Meng, of N apanee, was three and one-half years
in the army, spent sixteen months in France in the 53rd
Battery, and took part in the battles of Amiens, Arras and
Cambrai.
William Metcalf, of Camden, served in the 190th
Battalion.
Max Mieske, of Denbigh, joined the 146th Battalion.
John H. Mihna, of Centreville, served in the 118th
Battalion.
David C. Miller, of Tamworth, was in the Canadian
Army.
Miss Diana Miller, of Napanee, was one of the first girls
of the County to volunteer for war work at the munition
plant in Napanee. She acted as shell inspector for ten

112 WAR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADD]NGTON

months, and afterwards served as l\Iechanical Transport
Driver in the Royal Air Force at Camp Mohawk.
Gordon Mackenzie Miller, son of Mr. F. F. Miller, of
N'apanee, enlisted with the 67th Battery and was trans-
ferred to the Royal Canadian Horse Arti1lery and served
seventeen months in France. He went through five of the
heaviest battles, and was once wounded.
Howard Phillip Miller, of Napanee, student, enlisted at
Kingston, and served for fifteen months in Canada in the
Army Service Corps.
I. Miller, of Amherst Island, was in the Army Service
Corps.
Joseph Miller, of Cloyne, enlisted with the 146th Bat-
talion.
Kenneth Miller up to his enlistment had lived on Am-
herst Island. He served as a gunner in the 40th Sports-
man's Battery, and came safely through the battles of
Amiens, Arras, Cambrai and Mons.
Overton William Miller, Adolphustown, enlisted with
the 146th, and served twenty-three months in France in the
95th, the 2nd Canadian Labor Battalion, and the 12th
Canadian Railway Troops.
William Miles Miller, son of Mr. F. F. Miller, of Napa-
nee, was an officer in the Canadian Permanent Force at the
outbreak of war and was on duty at Chatham, England.
He enlisted in August, 1914, and was in the thick of the
fight to the end of the war. He was awarded the Military
Cross for his gallantry and devotion to duty during the
battle of the Somme, and was three times mentioned in
despatches.
W. W. Miller, of Napanee, served in the 59th Batta-
lion.
F. Milling, of Napanee, was in the Eastern Ontario
Battalion.
. G. 1\1. Milligan, of Napanee, served with the 12th
C. M. R.

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WE HONOR ROLL OF THE COUNTY 113

James W. Milligan, of Bath, was a driver in the 72nd
Battery.
Phillip Milligan, of Napanee, enlisted when sixteen
years of age with the 146th, and when overseas was trans-
ferred to the 95th. He was three and one-half years in
rthe army and spent eighteen months in France with the 1st
Canadian Supply Depot.
Franl{ Mills, of Napanee, enlisted in the 75th Battery,
and crossed the Pacific with the Canadian Siberian Expedi-
tionary Force.
Silas Mills, of Flinton, served in the 146th Battalion.
John Milne, of Napanee, enlisted as a sapper in the
Canadian Engineers and served two years in France in the
Canadian Signal Corps. He came safely through many
battles, winning the D. C. M. for maintaining telephone
communications, and was also awarded the Military Medal.
Lewis W. Ming, of Napanee, was a gunner in the Ar-
tillery Corps.
Raymond Moore, of Napanee, was four and one-half
years in the Canadian Army, going over with the First Con-
tingent. For three years in France he served through all
the great battles with no casualties against him until the
battle of Passchendaele, when he was gassed.
Robert Morgan, of Cloyne, was in the 3rd Special Ser-
vice Corps.
Albert C. :l\forris, of Napanee, joined the 155th in the
early spring of 1916, and was sent to France with the Labor
Battalion. He was once wounded by shrapnel, and after six
weeks' sojourn in a hospital in France, returned to his
battalion, and remained with it until the end of the war.
George F. Morris, of Napanee, enlisted in Toronto with
the 3rd Canadian Reserve Battalion in 1917. He reached
France in June, 1918, and was wounded in the left leg at
the battle of Cambrai. He arrived home in March, 1919.
Fred Mouck, of Sheffield, was twice wounded in the left
arm. He was eighteen months in France, and fought from
Vimy Ridge to Passchendaele.

114 WAR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

Timothy Mowers, of Strathcona, served in the Cana-
dian Forces.
James Munroe, of Napanee, served in the Overseas
forces.
J. N. Murphy, of Napanee, enlisted in the 124th Bat-
talion.
Patrick J. Murphy, of Napanee, was in the 1st Eastern
Ontario Battalion.
S. A. MacDonald, son of John MacDonald, of Wilton,
enlisted in the 9th C. M. R. in December, 1914, and was
four years and nine months in the service. After spend-
ing fifteen months in the firing line, he was captured and
held as a prisoner-of-war for five months in Germany. He
effected his escape and returned again to the front, where
he remained until the war ended.
John H. lUcAdam, of Erinsville, joined the 146th, and
was afterwards transferred to and served with the Cana-
dian Forestry Corps.
E. 1\1cAvoy, of Napanee, served in a Saskatchewan
Battalion.
.T. R. :McAvoy, of Napanee, served in the 3rd A. M. C.
C. A. McCabe, of Napanee, served in the 77th.
Daniel McCarten, of Napanee, was in the 1st Eastern
Ontario Battalion.
Lester A. l\fcCaugherty, formerly of Bath, was for
eighteen months a member of the United States Air Force
in the mechanical department. Although above the draft
age he volunteered his services and passed the test.
Francis James McConachie, of Napanee, joined the
59th at Belleville, and spent over two years in the fighting
zone, and was wounded at Amiens in August, 1918.
C. S. McConnell, of Odessa, joined the 223rd Battalion.
W. D. MacCormack, formerly a Veterinary Surgeon
practising in Napanee, served for fifteen months in the
Imperial Veterinary Corps.
Frank S. McCoy, formerly of Napanee, joined the army
at Carman, l\lanitoba, and was only four months in France

THE HONOR ROLL OF THE COUNTY 115

when he was severely wounded at Vimy Ridge, and was
unable to return to the front.
William McCrudden, Sillsville, joined the 1st Depot
Battalion and sailed for England in June, 1918, and was
still in training when the war ended.
Milton McCumber, formerly of Napanee, enlisted and
served in a Manitoba Battalion.
William McCumber spent the first twenty years of his
life in Napanee and enlisted with the 108th at Selkirk,
Manitoba, and was transferred to the 78th of Winnipeg.
He was in France nearly two years. He was once wounded
in the great drive and was mentioned in despatches for
bringing in a German Sergeant-Major, from whom valu-
able information was received.
Donald McDonald, of Camden East, served in the Cana-
dian Forces.
H. McDonald, of Flinton, served in the 239th Batta-
lion.
Peter McDonald, of Wilton, served in the Canadian
Overseas Forces.
A. McDermott, of Bath, enlisted in the 3rd Battalion.
Roy McDonough, of Stella, enlisted in the 146th, but
remained in the service only six months, owing to ill health.
W. J. McFarland, of Roblin, joined the 146th Batta-
lion.
Hugh I\IcFem, of Amherst Island, had a varied exper-
ience during his twenty-three months in France. He
passed through several battles, was once wounded by
shrapnel in his side and again by a gun-shot in the knee.
In the big drive he got separated from his company, was
captured by the Germans on October 1st, 1918, and held a
prisoner until the armistice was signed.
Irving McGaughey, son of James McGaughey, of Wil-
ton, enlisted in 1916 and served on the Home Guard in
Canada.
John C. McGiffon, of Enterprise, joined Depot Batta-
lion No.4.

116 WA!R WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

E. A. McGiIJ, Centreville, went to the front line
trenches in 1916 with the 4th C. M. R., was promoted to
the rank of sergeant, was wounded and gassed, and after
thirty-four months' service, returned to the farm in
Camden.
W. E. McGill, formerly of CentrevilIe, served in France
for nineteen months as a sergeant in the 7th Canadian
Railway Troops.
Rev. Arthur H. McGreer, of Napanee, enlisted as
Chaplain with the 1st Division Engineers at Montreal, and
went over with the 1st Contingent, serving until the end
of the war in France, Belgium and Germany. Honors and
promotions were rapid and weB merited. He attained the
rank of Hon. Lieut. Col. and A. D. C. S. Canadian Corps and
was awarded the Military Cross for rescuing wounded
during the battle of the Somme and the Order of the British
Empire for his resourcefulness in his administration of the
Chaplain's Department of the Canadian Army. He was
also mentioned in despatches for his devotion to duty.
Miss Louise C. S. McGreer, formerly of Napanee, was a
Nursing Sister in the McGill General Hospital in France
and Belgium for four years. She was mentioned in des-
patches and was awarded the Royal Red Cross.
George McGregor, of Napanee, left the farm for the
army and went overseas in 1915, reaching the front line on
the 1st of November. He remained at the front for three
years and was three times wounded.
Lelanð McGregor, of Enterprise, enlisted in the Cana-
dian Army.
J. H. McGuire, of Napanee, enlisted as a sapper with
the engineers, and was transferred to the Field Artillery.
He served fifteen months in France, passing through all the
great battles from August, 1917, until the great German
retreat, and escaped getting on the casualty list.
G. A. McIlwain was attached to the Eastern Ontario
Battalion.
Archie McKay was born in Scotland, but was living at

THE HONOR ROLL OF THE COUNTY 117

Tamworth when he enlisted with C. Battery of the R. C.
H. A., and served with the artillery.
J. McKeown, of Richmond, fought from Hill 70 to
Amiens with the 10th Canadian Battalion, and although
two years within range of the enemy guns, escaped with
one slight wound in his right hand.
M. J. McKeown, of Newburgh, was in the 1st Eastern
Ontario Battalion.
Bernice Grant McKittrick, of Selby, joined the 80th,
crossed to England with that battalion, and was transferred
to the 74th. While in England he was stricken down with
diphtheria, and after ten months was honorably discharged
owing to ill health.
James McLuckie, of Flinton, crossed to England in
May, 1915, with the 21st, and four years later sailed for
home. In the meantime he had spent three years in the
trenches and fought from St. Eloi to Mons, and is now on
a farm at Portage La Prairie.
James Harvey McLuckie, of Flinton, enlisted at King-
ston in the 21st, and had his first baptism of fire at the
Somme. He was transferred to the Army Service Corps
and went forward to Germany with the victorious allies.
Thomas Alvin McLuckie, of Flinton, although not yet
seventeen years of age, managed to be accepted in the
254th at Madoc in December, 1916. Upon his arrival in
England he was assigned the position of orderly in a
hospital until he attained the military age. As soon as he
was old enough he was placed in training, but the war
ended before his training was completed.
A. McTaggart, of Napanee, joined the 3rd Depot Bat-
talion.
A. A. McTaggart was born at Hawley, joined the 65th
at Saskatoon in March, 1916, left Canada in June and was
in France in August. For eleven months he fought with
the Canadian Army and most of that time was in a
machine gun company. He was wounded in the elbow and

118 WAR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDING-TON

knee at Vimy Ridge, and was not able to return to the
front.
Lome B. McTaggart, of Roblin, joined the Mechanical
Department of the R. A. F.
F. W. McTear, son of Rev. A. L. McTear, of Bath,
served as a bombardier in the Canadian Field Artillery,
and took part in several battles, including Passchendaele.
He was in hospital from April to September, 1918, with a
trench knee and spent in all about one year in France.
W. W. Nash, of Bath, was in the Army Medical Corps.
Harold Howard N eiIson, of Amherst Island, enlisted in
June, 1916, in the A. M. C. at Kingston, and was kept on
duty in Canada until 1918, when a severe accident precluded
all chance of his getting overseas.
John J. Neilson, formerly of Amherst Island, left Can-
ada in October, 1916, with the 183rd of '\Vinnipeg, and the
following March was sent to France, but owing to defective
eyesight, was transferred to the Forestry Corps.
Eaken S. Nelson, of Bath, was in the 1st Depot Batta-
lion.
George Newman, of Amherst Island, went overseas in
September, 1915, and served over two years in France. He
was twice wounded with shrapnel, but kept on fighting
until the armistice was signed, and is now farming in
Manitoba.
Harold Newman, of Moscow, served in the 146th Bat-
talion.
William Nichols, of Conway, was in the Overseas
Forces for two years.
Raymond Norris, of Napanee, served with the 253rd
Ba ttalion.
J. P. North is an old fighter, having served many years
in the Indian Army, and wears a medal and White Star
won in the days of Queen Victoria. His home was in
N'apanee in 1916 when he enlisted in the 155th, crossed
the Atlantic and spent two years in France, and received
only one slight wound.

THE HONOR ROLL OF '.DHE COUNTY 119

Arthur O'Hara was born in Scotland, but claims New-
burgh as his home. He enlisted and served with the 10th
Canadian Railway Construction Corps and served ten
months in France. This proved to be a rather hazardous
occupation as in this time he was shell-shocked twice.
Harold Benjamin Oldham, of Yarker, enlisted in the
Army Service Corps in 1915, and joined the Flying Corps
in 1917. He trained for a pilot at Camp Mohawk and Camp
Borden, and received his commission in Texas. He served
several months in France and had four German planes to
his credit. For his good work he was decorated with the
Distinguished Flying Cross.
John Oldham, of Yarker, enlisted in the 72nd C. F. A.,
and served in the 32nd in France. He was in France in
time to take part in the battle of Passchendaele, but after
six months fighting on the Western front, he was stricken
dov\"n with pleurisy and was unable to resume his position
a t the gun.
James Frank Oliver, of Napanee, enlisted in the Army
Service Corps.
W. E. Owel, of Croydon, served with the l09th Batta-
lion.
Henry E. Page, an Englishman by birth, but making
his home in Fredericksburgh, enlisted as a private in the
77th, and by his soldierly bearing, bravery and devotion
to duty, was raised to the rank of Lieutenant and decorated
with the Military Medal. He served two and one-half
years in France, encountering danger in every form, and
was once wounded and once gassed. His most thrilling
experiences were in tunnelling with the Royal Engineers.
Alfred George Palmer, of Napanee, enlisted in the 39th
and served until the end of the war. He was once wounded
and spent considerable time in hospital.
George Palmer, of Napanee, served four years in the
Army Service Corps.
Bruce C. Parks, of North Fredericksburgh, joined the

1'20 WAR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

1st Depot Battalion, trained thirteen months in England,
but did not reach the front line in France.
Claud Parks, of Flinton, joined the 146th in his native
viHage, and after reaching England was transferred to the
Army Service Corps, and served ten months in France,
passing safely through six of the fiercest battles.
Franklin James Parks, a farmer on the shore of Hay
Bay, enlisted in the 1st Depot Battalion, and was on leave
engaged in farming when the armistice was signed.
Frederick E. Parks, Tamworth, was three years in
uniform and spent twenty-one months in France. He
started in with the 146th, fought four battles with the 4th
C. M. R., and after being wounded at the battle of Passchen-
daele, spent the rest of his time with the Canadian Forestry
Corps.
W. H. Parks, of Napanee, served in Depot Battalion
No.2.
J. R. Parrott, of Odessa, served in the 255th Batta-
lion.
Ross Parrott, of Odessa, started in as a sapper in the
Engineers and wound up as a Lieutenant in the Railway
Construction Battalion. He was a student at the time of
enlisting, and after soldiering four and one-half years, re-
sumed his studies.
J. Path, of Flinton, was in the 2nd Depot Battalion.
Bert Patterson, of Camden, was in service in the Cana-
dian Army.
Miss Marguerite Patterson claims Camden as her
home, and was the first Canadian nurse wounded in the
war. She was on duty at a Casualty Clearing Station dur-
ing the big German drive, 'and was wounded by shrapnel.
She was treated in several hospitals, and when convales-
cent, was returned to Canada in October, 1918.
Grant Paul, Napanee, enlisted at sixteen years of age
in the 15th Field Ambulance Corps, and in March, 1917,
went to England and served there in the Medical Corps
until the end of the war.

THE HONOR ROLL OF THE COUNTY 121

Ernest Peccione, of Napanee, enlisted with the 80th
Battalion.
Joseph A. Pennel
of Roblin, was engaged in farming,
but left the farm in 1916 and served with the fighting 4th
C. M. R. until the end of the war. He was gassed once and
wounded twice, but was able to resume his work on the
farm when he laid aside his uniform.
A. W. Perkins, of N orthbrook, was in the 3rd Depot
Battalion.
H. H. Perry, of Napanee, served as a gunner in the
Artillery.
William H. Perry, of Violet, lacked one month of
serving five full years in the army. He was one year on
garrison duty in Bermuda and reached the continent in
time to sp
nd three years on the Western Front. He was
wounded at Passchendaele in the right arm and again at
Amiens in the head.
Allen Peters, of Yarker, enlisted in the 146th as a
private, was promoted to sergeant and sergeant instruc-
tor, but owing to a serious accident at Valcartier, was
unable to go to the front.
Dorval Peters, Newburgh, was two years and eight
months in the service in Canada, serving in three different
battalions.
Israel Peters, of Newburgh, went overseas with the
146th, was in the service thirty-four months in all, and
among others fought at Vimy Ridge and Passchendaele,
and returned as sound as when he enlisted.
Lester Peters, of Newburgh, joined the 254th, and was
discharged after three months' service.
S. Peters, of Newburgh, joined the 130th Battalion.
Harold Phippen, formerly of Conway, enlisted and
went overseas with an Algoma Battalion.
Preston Phippen, formerly of Conway, served in an
Algoma Battalion.
Charles H. Plumley, of Napanee, joined the 80th Bat-
talion.

122 'WAR WORK OF LENNOX AND :AJDDINGTON

Gerald Pollard, of Adolphustown, enlisted five days
after was was declared, and has the distinction of having
served three years and six months as a prisoner-of-war.
Like most returned men he is not very communicative, but
there is no doubt that during this period he suffered all the
tortures that the fiendish Huns could devise. He went over
with the 1st Contingent, and was captured at the battle of
Langemarck.
Wilfrid Casey Potter, of Moscow, enlisted with the
Royal Canadian Dragoons, but the armistice was signed
before his training in Canada was finished.
Miss G. Preston, formerly of Stella, served as a
Nursing Sister in the United States Army.
Harry F. Preston, physician, son of D. H. Preston,
K.C., of Napanee, enlisted at Calgary as a Lieutenant in the
Army Service Corps, and was promoted to rank of Captain.
He served nearly two years in France, and was awarded
the l\iilitary Cross for establishing a dressing station in
an advanced position under heavy shell fire, and caring
for the wounded continuously for ninety-six hours.
n::enneth Priest, of Napanee, served in the 27th Battery
of the Canadian Field Artillery, going to France in Janu-
ary, 1918, and took part in the great drive, winding up at
:Mons with the rank of bombardier.
Anson Pringle, of Denbigh, served with the 146th
Battalion.
Charles Pringle, of Flinton, enlisted with the 155th at
Belleville, and left Canada in October, 1916, and two months
later crossed to France and served in the fighting line
seventeen months, receiving wounds in his chest and leg.
George L. Pringle, Amherst Island, was three years
and three months in the army. He began as a private in
the 56th and concluded his military career as a sergeant in
the Princess Patricia Canadian Light Infantry. He was
awarded the Distinguished Conduct Medal for his services
at the battle of Cambrai. He received a shell wound at

WE HONOR ROLL OF THE COUNTY 123

Courcelette and was temporarily blinded by gas at Cam-
brai.
Jesse Pringle, of Cloyne, served ten months on garrison
duty in Bermuda and then to England for two months
further training and reached the front line in France in
August, 1916, where he remained until the end of the war.
M. P. Pringle, of Napanee, was in the 3rd Depot Bat-
talion.
l\lax V. Pringle, of Cloyne, entered the trenches in
December, 1916, after the usual training in Canada and
England, fought in all the battles from Vimy Ridge to
Passchendaele, and was three times wounded.
Miss A. Prout, formerly of Dorland, served as a Nurse
in the United States Army.
.Tohn Prue, of Tamworth, enlisted in the 21st in No-
vember, 1917, and by the regular courses reached the
trenches in May, 1918. He was severely wounded in
August, 1918, and spent nine months in a hospital in
Liverpool before he was able to be invalided home.
Sidney Prue, of Tamworth, enlisted on the 6th of
January, 1918, and arrived in France in IVlay in time to
take part in the heavy fighting of the summer campaign
and was wounded at Cambrai on September 2nd, and in-
valided home in March, 1919.
\Villiam Prue, of Tamworth, served in the Royal Air
Force.
I. Pulford, of Centreville, served in the Army Service
Corps.
Edward J. Pybus, of Strathcona, joined the 121st
Western Irishmen at New Westminister, B.C., and was
afterwards transferred to the 29th. He was two and one-
half years in the army, and was on service in France,
Belgium and Germany.
Edwin Pybus, of Camden, was in the Canadian
Forces.
James Ramsey, born in Scotland, but now of Bath,
joined the County Battalion, the 146th, and in his two

124 WAR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

years' warfare in France and Belgium, did his part in all
the great battles during that time.
J. Rath, of Flinton, served in the 119th Battalion.
Arthur Ready, of Denbigh, was a member of the 146th
Battalion, was wounded, and lost one leg.
Lorne Ready, of Denbigh, served with the 146th Bat-
talion.
R. R. L. Ready, of Denbigh, served with the 288th
Battalion.
S. Read, of Stella, was in the Eastern Ontario Batta-
lion.
A. A. Reid, of Napanee, enlisted in the 146th Batta-
lion.
H. E. Reid, of Camden, joined the 146th Battalion.
Joseph F. Reid, of Flinton, was in the 1st Depot Bat-
ta1Ïon.
John Reno, of Flinton, enlisted with the 87th Batta-
lion.
Joseph Reno, of Flinton, enlisted with the 146th Bat-
talion.
A. Ribbons, of Odessa, served in the Canadian
Engineers.
R. S. Richardson, of N apanee, was a lieutenant in the
Railway Corps, served two years in France and Belgium,
and was once wounded.
Robert Richardson, Tamworth, went overseas with the
146th, served for a time with the 95th, but went into the
trenches with the 4th C. M. R. He was once wounded in
his right hand by a shrapnel.
W. E. Richardson, of Napanee, a veteran of the Boer
war, served as a private in No.2 Canadian General Hospital
for four years.
H. R. Richmond, of Richmond, joined the 2nd Depot
Battalion in 1918, and was in training in England when the
war ended.
Ray T. Richmond, of Napanee, served in the Canadian
Army.

THE HONOR ROLL OF THE COUNTY 125

Alex. Riddell, of Colebrook, enlisted in the Canadian
Forces.
S. G. Ridgewell, of Fredericksburgh, enlisted in the
22nd Battery of the Canadian Field Artillery, and spent
nearly three years in the war zone. He took part in many
battles, and was gassed and sick with trench fever.
Harry Rikely, of Selby, served in the Overseas Forces.
Harvey Rikely, of Selby, enlisted and served in the
C. E. F.
W. W. Rikely, of Bath, served in the 146th Battalion.
Cbarles Riley, of Camden East, belonged to the 56th.
Andrew R. Robertson, of Odessa, was in the 3rd Depot
Battalion.
Da vid A. Robertson, of Odessa, served in the Army
Service Corps.
James Robertson, of Odessa, served in the Canadian
Mounted Rifles.
Gabriel A. Robinson, of Camden East, began his career
as a soldier in the 50th Queen's Battery, and wound up as
a despatch rider in the 13th Brigade Forward Headquar-
ters, Canadian Field Artillery. He was three years in the
service, and was twice wounded.
James Robinson, of Tamworth, was in the Canadian
Expeditionary Force.
James A. Robinson, of Selby, was twenty-six months
in the army, went over the top at Vimy Ridge, was buried
by a high explosive and twice wounded. After being
severely wounded, he bombed the enemy and carried a
wounded comrade from the field.
P. Robinson, of Napanee, was in the 3rd Depot Batta-
lion.
'V. G. W. Robinson, of Napanee, was a lieutenant in
the Infantry, and although he was four years in the army,
was able to spend only a few months in France owing to
an attack of enteric fever.
G. W. Rogers, of Napanee, was in the 3rd Depot Bat-
talion.

126 W J\R Wo.RK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

A. Roland, of Odessa, enlisted in the 16th Battery.
Raymond Rook, of Strathcona, was in the Canadian
Forces.
Norman Root, of Napanee, was a gunner in the 35th
Howitzer Battery, and spent only three months of his two
and one-half years' service in France. He fought at Vimy,
and while working with his battery at Hill 70, was liter-
ally riddled with shrapnel, receiving twenty-six wounds,
one of which destroyed the sight of one eye.
J. Arthur Rorke, Tamworth, served three years with
the Canadian Forestry Corps in England and Scotland.
Percy F. Rose, of N apanee, served for nine months in
Canada with the 1st Depot Battalion.
Charles Rosenblath, of Denbigh, enlisted when sixteen
years of age, was three years and four months in the
army, and put in fifteen months in the trenches. He was
twice wounded, once slightly in August, 1917, and is still
lame from a severe wound in his left leg received in August,
1918.
Malcolm Ross, Odessa, left Canada with the Queen's
Field Ambulance in 1916, and served thirteen months in
France with the 4th Field Ambulance.
Charles Russell, of Camden, joined the Canadian Army.
I. Russell, of Enterprise, served in the 2nd Depot Bat-
talion.
John H. Russell, formerly of Switzerville, joined the
Royal Navy Canadian Volunteers. He served on a sub-
marine chaser and a destroyer, and after an attack of
pneumonia, was transferred to a mine-sweeper. He was
two and one-half years in the service.
l''Irs. Eva Taylor Ruttan, formerly of N apanee, wife of
Major F. S. Ruttan, went overseas in May, 1916, and for
some time performed canteen work. She joined the V. A.
D.'s and worked in various hospitals, including St. Dun-
stan's, where she was in charge of the dining room of the
Bungalow Annex, accommodating two hundred and fifty
blind soldiers. She was chosen as one of the women war

THE HONOR ROLL OF THE COUNTY 127

workers to present an address to their Majesties at Buck-
ingham Palace on the occasion of their silver wedding.
F. S. Ruttan, formerly a physician of Yarker, went
over with the 1st Contingent, and served continuously for
four years in France. He was in No. 1 Canadian General
Hospital until it was destroyed in the bombing raid in
June, 1918. He was promoted to the rank of 1\Iajor.
John Francis Ryan, son of the late M'atthew Ryan, of
Newburgh, started in as a medical student and a private.
He was steadily promoted, returned from across the sea,
completed his medical course, and wound up a full fledged
doctor, and captain in the Canadian Army IVledical Corps.
He spent eighteen months in France.
Charles B. Rycroft, of Odessa, belonged to a Depot
Battalion.
Carman Salsbury brought distinction upon his native
Township of Carnden, by winning the Distinguished Con-
duct Medal. He was three and one-half years in the army
with rank of sergeant at the time of his dIscharge. The
Official Gazette said of him : "This man was section com-
mander of the leading section which caIne under intense
machine-gun fire, losing all its Lewis Gunners, so he took
the gun and brought it into action neutralizing the enemy's
fire. Then with his officer, who was at once mortally
wounded, he rushed the enemy post, seizing their machine
gun and turning it on the flying enemy, after which he
brought his wounded officer back under heavy fire."
Harry Salsbury, of Camden, also distinguished himself
by nearly three and one-half years' fighting on the Western
Front. He was wounded four times and gassed once, and
wears the Military Cross with a bar. The cross was
awarded for his gallantry in leading a charge against the
German field guns, and the bar was added for his daring
and resourcefulness in reconnais:ance work at Hill 70 be-
hind the enemy lines, thereby breaking up five successive
enemy counter-attacks. He entered the army as a private
and came home a captain in the 4th Infantry Battalion.

128 W AIR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

Since his return, Captain Salsbury has succumbed to
tuberculosis, due to the effects of poisonous gas, received
while on service.
Albert Salter, of Napanee, enlisted with the 80th Bat-
talion.
R. J. Sams, of ErinsviIle, served in a l\Iachine Gun
Corps.
William R. Sampson was in the 80th Battalion.
Roy R. Samson, of N ewburgh, left the farm for the
army in 1916, and after three years in uniform resumed
his place upon the farm. He was in that famous fighting
unit, the 4th C. M. R. He has many battles to his credit,
and was wounded but once and then by a dud shell.
F. Sanford, of N apanee, was in the 3rd Depot Batta-
lion.
Robert Guy Saul, of Camden East, started as a sapper
with the 2nd Canadian Engineers, but was discharged as
medically unfit. He tried again and was accepted by the
72nd Battery C. F. A., and served until the end of the war
with the 2nd Division Ammunition Column in France.
William Maxwell Saul, of Camden East, served for
three and one-half years with the 44th, and was once
wounded by a German grenade. He was two years within
range of the enemy's fire.
Fred Scanlin, of Wilton, enlisted in November, 1915,
and did not leave France until February, 1919. He was
wounded in 1917, and after recovering served for a time in
a Forestry Corps in England, returning to France in
September, 1918.
H. L. Schermehorn, of Napanee, joined the Royal Air
Force as a Flight Oadet, and was in training at Camp
l\lohawk when the armistice was signed.
R. D. Schermehorn, of Odessa, served in the 2nd Batta-
lion.
A. L. Scott, of Sharp's Corners, joined the 1st Depot
Battalion.
George W. Scott, of Napanee, went overseas with the

THE HONOR ROLL OF THE COUNTY 129

73rd Battery, and served six weeks in France in the 5th
Canadian Division Ammunition Column.
Roy Derward Scott, N apanee, served the last three
months of the war with the 48th Howitzer Battery, C. F. A.,
but passed through four battles in that period.
W. R. Scott, of Napanee, after nine months' service in
France, where he took part in the engagements at Ypres
and the Somme, returned to Canada in May, 1918. He was
wounded at the Somme in the right thigh. With the rank
of Lieutenant he was retained in the paymasters' depart-
ment at Kingston.
'Valter Scouten, of Wilton, joined the Canadian Forces.
Leo A. Scrimshaw, of Napanee, served three years as
a despatch rider in the 3rd Division Headquarters in
France.
Roy A. Scrimshaw, of Napanee, served in the 45th
Battery for two years, was gassed and severely wounded
at Hill 70, and invalided home in 1918.
Oswald Thomas Sculthorpe, Napanee, served in the
74th and 72nd. Was eleven months in France, and was
once wounded in the left leg. He was three and one-half
years a soldier.
Frank Sedore, of Richmond, joined the army in No-
vember, 1914, and had a bitter experience as he was over
three years as a German prisoner-of-war, and can give
first-hand information as to the brutal manner in which
the British soldiers were treated. He was a corporal in
the 2nd Battalion, and was in the thick of the fray at
Ypres, was three times shot in the arm, once in the hip
and once through the body, and at the time, when he was in
need of kindness and consideration, he fell into the hands
of the enemy to be subjected to all manner of discomforts
and humiliation. His release was finally effected by a
transfer of prisoners through Holland.
Calvin Selman, of Tamworth, served in the 254th
Battalion.

130 WAR -WORK OF 'LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

N. C. Selman, of Northbrook, enlisted in the 146th
Ba ttalion.
Ross L. Sexsmith, of Napanee, was attached to the 1st
Eastern Ontario Battalion.
William Sexsmith, a farmer in Richmond, was attached
to the 6th Reserves in IVlay, 1918, and crossed to England,
and trained there until he was returned after the war.
W. A. Shane, formerly of N ewburgh, did his best, but
was not permitted to do much. He enlisted shortly after
war was declared in the 1st Divisional Cycle Corps, but was
invalided home from Salisbury Plains, and to his great
disappointment did not reach the front.
Fletcher Sharp, Napanee, enlisted in October, 1916, in
Queen's Ambulance Reserve, was commissioned as Lieuten-
ant in the C. A. M. C., and attached to the Royal Air Force
at Camp Mohawk. He went overseas in August, 1918, and
was gazetted staff captain and appointed sanitary officer
for Kimmel Park Camp.
Flinton Bell Sharp, of Ernesttown, graduated in Medi-
cine at Queen's in 1918. Went overseas in October and
served in hospitals in England until the end of the war.
J. B. Shea, of Ernesttown, served as a private in the
80th, and was afterwards transferred to the 74th and
257th. After nearly three years in the army, and with two
wounds to his credit, he resumed his work upon the farm.
'Vilfred Henry Shephard, of Bath, left his books at
Albert College to become a soldier. He began with the
146th, and was transferred to the 12th Canadian Railway
Troops, and was nearly two years in the battle line in
France and Belgium. He was gassed twice and once
wounded.
Percy S. Shewell, of Violet, fought with the invincible
"Princess Pats" for twelve months in France. He enlisted
at Saskatoon, in 1917.
G. A. Shier, of Newburgh, joined the 2nd Depot Batta-
lion.

THE 'HONOR ROLL OF THE COUNTY 131

H. R. Shier, of Enterprise, was on Special Service in
Canada.
Nathan Shier, of Enterprise, joined the Canadian
Forces.
Uval Shier, of Enterprise, was in the Canadian Army.
F. H. Shillington, Ernesttown, during the stormy
period from November, 1916, to the signing of the armis-
tice, was with the gallant 4th C. M. R. When discharged
he wore three chevrons on his sleeve and one wound stripe.
A. G. Shire, of Northbrook, 'answered his country's call
in 1916 and, after two years of trench life in France, and
the honorable scar left by a German bullet in his arm,
returned home in July, 1919, honorably discharged.
George Shorey, of Napanee, served on a patrol boat on
the Pacific Coast in the fall of 1914, and afterwards joined
the Patrol Service of the Royal Navy on the West coast of
Ireland, as Electrical Engineer, and remained in the ser-
vice until the end of the war.
Kenneth Shorey, of Fredericksburgh, while a medical
student at Queen's, enlisted as a private in the Army Medi-
cal Corps, and served four years in Egypt and France. He
returned in 1916, completed his course; was raised to rank
of captain and returned to the froni, .where he served until
the war ended.
Miss Vera M. Shorey, of Napanee, served as a Nursing
Sister for two months in a Base Military Hospital at Atlan-
ta, Georgia, in the United States.
W. D. M. Shorey, formerly of N ewburgh, left for over-
seas in July, 1918, to complete his course of training in
England, but did not reach the front.
A. F. Sills, of Napanee, served in the Canadian Army.
Charles D. Sills, of Fredericksburgh, served in the
Artillery for three years, of which period twenty-one
months were spent in pouring shells into the enemy's
trenches. He was gassed at Passchendaele.
Harold Edmund Sills, of Napanee, served over three

132 W:AiR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

years in Canada as a private in the Mechanical Transport
of the Canadian Army Service Corps.
Ibri Lucas Sills, son of Merle Sills, of Richmond, was
nine months in the service in Canada as a gunner in the 1st
Depot Battalion of 2nd Queen's Battery.
Ralph MacDonald Sills, Fredericksburgh, was eight
months in uniform in Canada, and was discharged after
the armistice was signed.
Roy A. Sills, of North Fredericksburgh, was ten
months in France with the 12th Canadian Siege Battery.
He was two years in the service, and came through several
battles unharmed.
Beverley R. Simpson, of Napanee, was one of the first
of this county to enlist. He was an expert signaller, and
the Canadian Army readily found a place for him in this
branch of the service. For four and one-half years he
served in this and in other capacities in the Canadian and
Imperial Armies.
John M. Simpson, of Napanee, proceeded overseas in
April, 1917, with the Queen's University Highland Batta-
lion. He was transferred to the 48th Highlanders, and
while in training at Witley, he was stricken down with
nleningitis, and transferred from hospital to hospital, and
was returned home badly crippled, in September, 1918.
E. M. Sin way joined the 2nd Depot Battalion.
Clarence Tipson Skinner, formerly of Yarker, enlisted
at l\1ontreal in November, 1915, in the P. P. C. L. 1, pro-
ceeded overseas in July, 1916. Took part in the battles of
Hill 70, Vimy Ridge and Regina Trench, and was invalided
home in May, 1918.
George Skinner, of Camden East, was in the Canadian
Forces.
Roy J. Skinner, of Yarker, was a gunner in the 43rd
Battery in France, and for seventeen months hammered
away at the German lines and escaped the shells that were
sent over in reply.
Samuel Greenway Skinner, formerly of Yarker, crossed

THE HONOR ROLL OF THE COUNTY 133

to England in April, 1918, with the 43rd Battery Canadian
Field Artillery, and was still in training when the armistice
was signed.
Harry Slater, formerly of Napanee, joined the 1st
Depot Battalion in 1917, but was discharged after three
months' training, owing to defective eyesight.
A. Smith, of Bath, joined the 2nd Depot Battalion.
Arthur Smith, of Yarker, will ever remember Vi my
Ridge and Passchendaele, as he received a shrapnel wound
in the knee at the former battle, and a contusion of the back
at the latter. These were two outstanding incidents culled
from his two years fighting with the 4th C. M. R.
Delbert S. Smith, formerly of Morven, trained for six
months in the United States Army.
Fred. A. Smith, formerly of Hawley, went over with
the First Contingent, and spent four years in France as a
driver in the Ammunition Column, except a short time on
sick leave from shell-shock. Upon his demobolization in
1919 he went West to take up a free-grant homestead.
G. Smith, of Bath, joined the 2nd Depot Battalion.
Harold Smith, Amherst Island, had a very short ex-
perience in real fighting, as he was wounded at the end of
his second week in the front line and the war was over
before he recovered. He was in uniform twenty-eight
months as a corporal in the Artillery.
James E. Smith, of Switzerville, joined the Forestry
Corps upon attaining the military age in 1917. He was
sent to France as a driver in the ammunition column, haul-
ing shells to the front line, and had lots of hard work and
narrow escapes.
John Smith, of Amherst Island, was one of the 9000 of
the same name who it is said fought against the Germans.
He was with the Machine Gun Corps and spent two years
pumping bullets into the German front line, and received
but one wound and that a shrapnel in his shoulder.
LeRoy Smith, of Morven, served nineteen months in
Canada patrolling the St. Lawrence Canal.

134 W:AR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

R. W. Smith, formerly of Ernesttown, went over with
the first contingent, a member of the 3rd Field Ambulance,
and stuck faithfully to that hazardous post until the army
of occupation was in Germany.
Samuel Howard Smith, of Conway, arrived in France
in time for the final drive against the Germans and took
part in the concluding battles of the war.
w. H. Smith, of Napanee, served in the 179th Battalion.
Mrs. Caroline M. Sneath, of Napanee, went overseas in
December, 1916, and served for over a year in the Head
Office of the Canadian Red Cross. After the death of her
husband, who was killed in March, 1918, she was Official
Visitor in England and Scotland for the Canadian Pension
Commission, and filled that position until the work was
taken over by the British Pension Office on January 1st,
1920.
I. Snell, of Napanee, enlisted in the 146th Battalion.
C. B. Snide:r volunteered for service at Flinton, where
a local platoon was recruited for the 146th. He served
nine months at the front, was wounded by shrapnel and
was in hospital when the armistice was signed.
E. Snider, of Napanee, enlisted in the Fort Garry
Horse.
Geo. H. Snider, of Sillsville, joined the 80th Battalion.
James Snider, of Denbigh, served in the Canadian
Army.
John W. Soby, of Napanee, joined the 72nd Queen's
Battery, and remained on service in Canada in the 1st
Depot Battalion for nineteen months.
Charles Spencer, of Cloyne, joined the 146th in 1916.
Harvey Spencer, of Cloyne, joined the 146th in 1916.
Ivan Rose Spencer, of Napanee, had over two years of
soldiering in the artillery. Upon his arrival in France in
the early autumn, 1917, he was attached to the flying
column in the great final push and was on leave in Paris
on armistice night, an experience never to be forgotten.
R. Spencer, of Cloyne, joined the 2nd Depot Battalion.

THE HONOR RODL OF THE COUNTY 135

Charles Spicer was working on a farm at Flinton,
which he left to join the 6th Canadian Reserves. He
crossed the ocean and was in camp in England when the
Germans gave up defeated.
Andrew Spratt, of Enterprise, joined the 254th Bat-
talion.
E. W. Stein, of Denbigh, served in the 228th Battalion.
F. W. Stein, of Denbigh, was for three years a member
of His Majesty's Overseas Forces. He was seventeen
months in France and Belgium in the 10th Canadian Rail-
way Transport Corps.
James Stevens, son of Frank Stevens, of Napanee,
was one of the first and youngest to volunteer for service,
and few suffered more from the enemy. After a few
weeks in the trenches he was caught in a hail of shrapnel
and was terribly mangled. Scarcely any part of his body
or limbs escaped. Both legs were amputated and several
subsequent operations were necessary. With all his hard
luck he has not lost his genial smile.
l\larion Stevens, of N apanee, served nearly four years
in No.7 Queen's General Hospital in Egypt and France,
and Vias at Treport at the time of the air raid.
F!"aser Stinson, of Tamworth, enlisted in the army and
served in Canada.
Robert Kenneth Stinson, of Tamworth, enlisted in the
Royal Naval Air Service and went overseas in January,
1918, and trained in England, and received his commission
as Lieutenant. He remained on duty in the North Sea
Patrol for eight months after the war.
Arthur Roy Stone, of North Fredericksburgh, enlisted
with the 254th, but was retained on duty in Canada. He
was accidentally wounded while on guard duty at the
Imperial Munition Works at Trenton.
Harold S. Storey, formerly of N apanee, served four
and one-half years in the navy, first on H.M.S. Niobe, and
later on H.M.S. Stadacona, and finally on a torpedo boat
destroyer the Grilse.

136 WAR -WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

Otto Melville Storms, formerly of Wilton, enlisted in
August, 1914, and was nearly five years in uniform. He
was shell-shocked in 1916, wounded at Cambrai in 1918,
and returned to Canada, a sergeant, i
1919.
Ruggles S. Storms, a Wilton boy, enlisted in the
78th at Winnipeg in December, 1914. He was four years
in France, was once wounded and was wearing the ser-
geant's stripes when he returned in 1919.
B. W. Storrings, of Napanee, joined the 254th.
\V. W. Storring, of Denbigh, trained for nine months
in Canada, and was discharged as physically unfit for mili-
tary service.
Charles M. Stratton, of Napanee, was Medical Officer
for C Company of the 80th during its stay in Napanee, and
was Senior Recruiting Officer in Napanee for eighteen
months.
D. P. Stratton, formerly of South Fredericksburgh, a
practising dentist, enlisted as Dental Officer of the 1st
C. M. R. He served in France and Belgium for two and
one-half years, and upon his return to Canada in April,
1918, was appointed Dental Surgeon at Winnipeg of Mili-
tary District No. 10.
Morris Stratton, of South Fredericksburgh, served in
the Overseas Forces.
Thomas Sutton, of Moscow, was in the 1st Eastern
Ontario Battalion.
Walter Swann came from the Old Country when a mere
lad and was adopted in the home of Mr. Rufus Ovens, at
'Vntón. He enlisted in 1914 and served throughout the
war, and shortly after his return took up his residence in
Saska tchewan.
Stanley Sweet, of South Fredericksburgh, joined the
146th, and after thirteen months soldiering in Canada was
discharged at Valcartier.
Ambrose Wesley Hall Switzer, of Desmond, fought
with the Canadians during the last eighteen months of the

THE HONOR ROLL' OF THE COUNTY 137

war, and while he had thousands of chances of being killed
he escaped with one shrapnel wound in the neck.
G. S. Switzer, of IVloscow, enlisted in the 3rd Depot
Battalion.
Joseph Switzer, of Camden, joined the Canadian Arm
r.
Oscar Harold Switzer, of Napanee, had more than his
share of the war, as he clicked and saluted for four years
and ten months and brought home with him mementos of
three great battles, Ypres, Somme, and Hill 70, in the form
of scars caused by projectiles from the German guns.
Percy Ross Switzer, of Napanee, enlisted in Salt Lake
City in the 72nd Battalion and reached France in time to
put in four months in the trenches and help drive the
Germans back. He was wounded at Arras.
Samuel Switzer, of Camden, was in the Canadian Army.
Joseph W. Sykes, of Sillsville, enlisted with the 38th
Ba ttalion.
A. M. Symonds, of Napanee, enlisted with the 182nd,
went overseas in 1917, spent six months in a hospital from
a severe wound in his right shoulder, and returned to
Canada in 1919.
Nelson H. Tamblin, of Flinton, served with the 4th
C. M. R.
W. D. Taylor, of Stella, was in the 1st Eastern Ontario
Battalion.
Charles Perry Templeton, of Napanee, a physician in
Brandon, enlisted with the first contingent as a Major in
the 3rd Field Ambulance and did excellent service in France
and Belgium from February, 1915, until the final defeat
and retreat of the Germans. He was D.A.D.M.S. 1st
Canadian Division and A.D.M.S. 3rd Canadian Division.
He was once wounded, four times mentioned in despatches,
and was decorated by the King with the D.S.O., and also
created a Commander of the Order of the British Empire.
He was in the Overseas Forces four years and nine months
and during the latter part of the period he held the rank
of Colonel.

138 WA!R WORK OF -LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

Peter Thibet was a Home boy who, since he came to
Canada, lived in the vicinity of Wilton. He enlisted in
1915, and served until the end of the war.
A. V. Thompson, of Napanee, served in the 146th
Battalion.
Clarence Thompson, of Odessa, served with the 1st
Eastern Ontario Battalion.
Elijah Thompson, of Flinton, was three years a soldier
in the Great War, and would have remained longer if he
had not lost his left fore-arm at the battle of Passchen-
daele. He was returned to Canada incapacitated in March,
1918. He also fought at Vimy Ridge and Hill 70.
George Thompson, of Denbigh, served in the Canadian
Army.
Harvey S. Thompson, of Tamworth, volunteered in
January, 1916, was accepted, and trained for seven months
and then discharged.
H. J. Thompson, of Enterprise, enlisted in the 146th
Battalion.
L. A. Thompson, of Napanee, was in the 3rd Special
Service Corps.
:l\Ianley Thompson, of Northbrook, served in the Rail-
way Corps.
N. Thompson, of Northbrook, joined the 59th Battalion.
Percy D. Thompson, of Tamworth, was training in
Canada in the 254th when the war ended.
Schuyler E. Thompson, of Tamworth, was in the 1st
Eastern Ontario Battalion.
W. G. Thompson, of Camden, was sent overseas from
the 1st Depot Battalion in June, 1918, and remained in
training in England until the hostilities ceased.
J. E. Thornton, of Tamworth, enlisted in November,
1915, in the 3rd Division Artillery, and was drafted over-
seas in December. In the following March he went over to
France and fought in all the great battles until January,
1918, when he sustained a very severe shell-shock and was
also suffering from trench fever. He was treated in

THE HONOR ROLL OF 'NIE COUNTY 139

different hospitals, but was still incapicated at the end of
the war.
Wm. F. Toby, formerly of Napanee, enlisted in July,
1915, with the 71st, and served in the 36th, the 49th, and
the Machine Gun Corps. He was wounded at Hill 60, and
finally transferred to the Royal Air Force in August, 1918,
and was in training at an aerodrame when the armistice
was signed.
Percy J. Tomkins, of Bath, was fourteen months in
the army, crossed the Atlantic in July, 1918, but did not
get over to France.
Thomas W. Tomkins, of Bath, was a member of the
1st Depot Battalion, went overseas in July, 1918, and was
held in the Reserves in England.
Clive Toner, of Strathcona, enlisted in the Canadian
Army.
R. G. H. Travers was manager of the Royal Bank at
N apanee, which position he resigned in the autumn of 1914.
He joined the 39th as a private, took a course of training
at Kingston, and gradually rose to the rank of Captain.
He was three and one-half years in the service; was once
gassed and returned on sick leave in May, 1918.
William Travers, of Napanee, is an Englishman by
birth, and went overseas with the 156th, in October, 1917.
He crossed to France in the following January, and in July,
1918, received several shrapnel wounds while engaged in
repairing trenches at Messines. He did not recover in
time to return to the front.
'V. Trepanier, of Flinton, served with the 146th.
Miss Helen Trickey, of Yarker, worked for twelve
months in the Munition Plant at Napanee, and, when it
discontinued the manufacture of shells at the end of the
war, she took a course in massaging and served as
assistant in the Military Hospital at Kingston for a year
and a half.
William Earl Trumpour, formerly of Napanee, joined
the 39th in December, 1914, and was discharged in :March,

140 WAR WORK OF -LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

1919. In the meantime he had three years of trench war-
fare, was in seventeen battles, was twice wounded and
once gassed, and won the MiJitary Medal and a bar. The
first decoration was for his bravery in carrying despatches
under heavy fire at HiIl 70.
A. H. Turpin, of Enterprise, enlisted in the 146th Bat-
talion.
Valentine William Wallace Unwin, Frederick Phillip
Unwin, Lawrence Bertram Unwin, Victor Phillip Unwin.
The record of these four brothers will be found under the
heading of The Unwin Brothers in Part IV.
Harold Vanalstine, formerly of Napanee, joined the
4th Battery, C. F. A., in May, 1915, and remained as a gun-
ner in the artillery for three years and nine months, and
for twenty months was feeding sheIls to the guns.
John M. Vanalstine, of Napanee, joined the 4th Bat-
talion and went overseas in 1916.
W. c. Vandewater is a CentreviIle boy who enlisted
with the 12th York Rangers and served in France for near-
ly two years with the Canadian Railway Transport. He
was shell-shocked once, received a piece of shrapnel in his
foot, and was awarded the good conduct badge.
Egerton Ronald Vanluven, of Napanee, enlisted in the
15th Army l\ledical Corps, and after five months' service
in Canada, was discharged on compassionate grounds.
Floyd Vannest, of Enterprise, was in the 1st Eastern
Ontario Battalion.
Percy E. Venton, Odessa, joined the 1st Depot Batta-
lion of Eastern Ontario, crossed to England and was still
in training at the conclusion of the war.
Phillip John ViIineff first joined the 146th, and upon
his arrival in England was transferred to the 95th, and
later was drafted into the Canadian Army Service Corps
and sent over to France in December, 1917. He remained
in the fighting zone until the armistice was signed, and
accompanied the army of occupation to Germany.
Percy Ham Vrooman, of Napanee, was a cadet at the

THE HONOR
OLL OF THE 'COUNTY 141

R. M. C., Kingston. In September, 1916, he received his
commission as a 2nd Lieutenant in the Indian Army, and
sailed at once for the war zone. He served in India, Egypt,
and Syria, and took part in General Allenby's Advance in
Palestine. He was promoted to 1st Lieutenant and Acting
Captain. He paid a visit to Canada while on leave in 1919,
but returned again to India, where he is still in the service.
W. Oswald Vrooman, of Odessa, joined the 146th Bat-
talion.
C. L. Wagar, of Colebrook, enlisted in the 146th Batta- .
lion.
Dwain Wagar, of Enterprise, joined the Canadian
Forces.
Ernest Wagar, of Napanee, was in the army four
years. lIe began his military career in the Army Service
Corps, and was afterwards transferred to the 34th and 2nd
Heavy Battalion, D. A. C. He was three years in France
and Belgium, taking part in all the engagements from
Sanctuary Wood to Mons.
F. E. Wagar, formerly of Napanee, joined the 100th
Grenadiers, but owing to an accident at Shorncliffe, was
transferred to the Signal Corps. He crossed to France
just in time to take part in the procession into Germany.
Miss Frances Wagar, daughter of the late Dr. Nelson
Wagar, of Napanee, was not afraid of soiling her hands in
handling the shells fresh fron1 the lathes of the munition
factory. For three n10nths she served as inspector of
shells at the Napanee plant.
James O. Wagar, of Enterprise, joined the 254th Bat-
talion.
Lorne P. Wagar, Enterprise, was engaged for nine
months on special service in Kingston, attached to the
254th.
Perry Wagar, of Napanee, enlisted in the 80th, and
after two months' training, was discharged as physically
unfit for serdce in the army.
Sidney D. Wagar, of Enterprise, enlisted in July, 1915,

142 WAR .WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

and was appointed recruiting officer for the 3rd Military
District, with rank of Lieutenant. He was attached to the
146th and later to the 166th. He went overseas in Septem-
ber, 1916, to France in June, 1917, and served there until
December, 1917. Owing to defective hearing resulting
from concussion, he was returned to England and came
back to Canada in charge of returning men, and remained
on duty here with rank of Captain until the end of the war.
Sidney Wakelin, of Napanee, served in the Canadian
Forces.
A. E. Waß{er, of Napanee, was in the 39th Battalion.
Elmer Walker, of Yarker, joined the Canadian Forces.
Ford Walker, of Camden East, served with the Cana-
dian Forces.
G. H. 'Valker, of Napanee, joined the 77th, and was
transferred to the 87th Canadian Grenadier Guards. He
left Canada in June, 1916, was sent to France in August,
1916, and for thirteen months sawall that was to be seen
on the Western front. He wears two wound stripes.
H. G. Walker, of Yarker, served six months in the
Canadian Army Service Corps in Canada.
J. Earle Walker, of Napanee, received two gunshot
wounds in the head and neck while fighting in the front
line in the ranks of the 24th Battalion. He was in the
army two years and was discharged in March, 1917, as
unfit for further service.
Keith Walker, of Yarker, was two years in the service
ready and willing to do his part, but owing to his youthful
age did not get beyond England.
Parker Walker, of Wilton, served in the Canadian
Army.
V. A. Walker had a brief but painful experience on the
Western front. He enlisted with the Fort Garry Horse
and was transferred to the 3rd Battery, C. F. A. He
reached France in February, 1915, and before he had com-
pleted his first month of actual warfare, he sustained a
compound fracture of his right leg from a kick of a horse.

THE HONOR 'ROLL OF THE COUNTY 143

In due course when able to travel he was invalided home,
and when partially recovered, enlisted again in the C. A.
S. C., but his bad leg again interfered, and he was obliged
to lay aside the uniform.
John L. Walsh, of Napanee, served with the 1st Depot
Ba ttalion.
Harry Malcolm Walsh, Fredericksburgh, joined the
1st Depot Battalion and crossed to England, and was in
training at the close of hostilities.
Michael James Walsh, of Enterprise, a Boer War
veteran, volunteered at forty-four years of age, but owing
to his age and physical condition, was not sent overseas, but
instructed recruits at Enterprise.
William Edmund Walsh, formerly of ErinsvilIe, en-
listed at Swan River, Manitoba, in the 26th, and was trans-
ferred upon his arrival in England to the 43rd. While in
training he was severely inj ured in both legs and unable
to proceed to the front; but, after six months in hospital,
was assigned to the Forestry Corps, where he remained
on duty until the end of the war.
Horace Herring Ward, of Napanee, was only sixteen
years of age when he enlisted with the 5th Field Engineers
in June, 1916. He trained in Canada until January, 1917,
when he was transferred to the Artillery. He was sent
to France in March, 1917, and remained on duty doing a
man's work until the armistice was signed.
Clarance M. Warner, the organizer and for many years
President of the Lennox and Addington Historical Society,
removed from N apanee to Boston during the second year
of the war. During the last eight months of the war he
served without salary as Field Director of the American
Red Cross Society for the Second Naval District.
Clarence C. Wartman, of Napanee, went overseas with
Queen's Hospital, and afterwards was transferred to the
72nd Battery.
Murray S. Wartman served in the Canadian Forces.

144 W ÆR WORK OF -LENNOX AND ADDENGTON

James Watson, of Conway, served in the 146th Batta-
lion.
Clarence S. Weagent, of Napanee, began as a private,
but was raised to the rank of Lieutenant. He joined the
39th, but was afterwards transferred to and served for
twelve months at the front in the Machine Gun Corps. He
was in several heavy engagements, and owing to shell-shock
and a motor car accident, was laid up in France and
England for a long period.
I. Weinthrop, of Napanee, was in the 3rd Depot Batta-
lion.
A. Weist., of Newburgh, was in the 2nd Depot Batta-
lion.
Ernest Wemp, formerly of Amherst Island, enlisted at
Moosejaw with the 128th in March, 1916, and sailed for
England in November. In a little more than a month he
was in the trenches and had the full benefit of all the
fighting around Vimy Ridge. He took part in all the other
Canadian battles until the 21st July, 1918, when he was
gassed on the Arras front, and was unable to take part in
the big final drive.
B. Whalen, of Camden, was in the Canadian Army.
C. Whalen, of Newburgh, served in the 29th Battery.
Albert Wienecke, of Denbigh, was a member of the
146th Battalion.
Victor Wienecke, of Denbigh, was a member of the
146th Battalion.
Fred Willard, a farmer of Amherst Island, joined the
80th at Picton, and spent the winter in the barracks at
Belleville. He was taken ill and was unable to sail with
the regiment in the spring of 1916, and died a few weeks
after they had embarked for overseas.
George Nelson Willard, of Amherst Island, joined the
253rd Queen's University Highlanders in November, 1916,
and sailed for England in April. He went to France in the
following September, and served there most of the time on

THE HONOR ROLL OF THE ICOUNTY 145

the Somme front as a sapper in the railway troops until
their services in France were no longer required.
Hiram Willard followed the life of a sailor, with his
home on Amherst Island, until he joined the Forestry Bat-
talion and went overseas in 1917, and at the end of the
war he resumed his former occupation.
John Willard quit his position before the mast upon
the Great Lakes, to battle with the forests of France.
After two years in uniform he returned to his home on
Amherst Island, and was soon upon the lakes again.
Alfred Williams, of Stella, served with the 146th Bat-
talion.
F. J. Wil1iams, of Centreville, was in the 2nd Depot
Ba ttalion.
George Leonard Williams, of Tamworth, enlisted, but
did not leave Canada.
J. Williams, of Violet, enlisted with the 5th C. M. R.,
a battalion that saw much heavy fighting. He shared its
honors and hardships for twelve months. He was wounded
in the right ankle in June, 1916, and was so severely shell-
shocked in August following that he was sent home as
unfit for military service. He was mentioned in despatches
and given special leave for rescuing a wounded comrade in
No-Man's-Land.
H. W. Willis, of Northbrook, served in the C. F. A.
C. E. Wilson, a physician, of N apanee, enlisted as a
Captain in the 93rd, but after four months' service was
obliged to return to mufti, owing to in health. He gave
his residence in Napanee to be used as a soldiers' club.
F. Cameron Wilson, of N apanee, left his practice as a
physician for a Lieutenancy in the C. A. M. C., and was
soon afterwards raised to the rank of Captain. He served
with the 16th Brigade C. F. A., and in the Canadian Mili-
tary Hospital at Taplow, and after two years' service in
France was invalided home.
Miss Grace Wilson, of Napanee, was a Nursing Sister
in the Canadian Army in Canada for nineteen months.

146 WAR WORK OFLENINOX AND .AÐDINGTON

Kenneth P. Wilson, formerly of Napanee, left Canada
with the 63rd, and was afterwards transferred to the 7th
British Columbia Battalion. He was at the Somme and
Vimy and was slightly wounded at the former and severely
wounded at the latter. He was in all three years and eight
months in the army.
Liford W. Wilson, of Vennachar, enlisted early in the
war in the 146th and arrived in England in August, 1916.
A few weeks later he was in the awful carnage on the
Western front and stuck to it with short intervals of rest
to recover from two wounds and a dose of gas.
Robert Wilson, formerly of Conway, was decorated
with the D. C. M. for his splendid work in carrying the
wounded from the field of battle. He was over three years
in the army. He began with the 146th, but fought with
the 4th C. M. R., and received one bullet wound in the arm.
R. W. Wilson, of Yarker, was in the 80th Battalion.
Wilfred de S. Wilson, of Napanee, entered the army
as Lieutenant in the Army Service Corps in 1916. Was
pron1oted to a Captaincy and reverted to his former rank in
February, 1918, to proceed overseas. He remained on duty
in France until August, 1919.
William Wilson, of Yarker, served in the Canadian
Forces.
W. L. Wilson, of Vennachar, was in the 3rd Depot
Battalion.
C. E. Wood, of Flinton, the third of the same family to
join the army, enlisted in March, 1916, with the 146th. He
did not join his brothers overseas, but was kept on duty in
Canada. His brother, W. R. Wood, the fourth to volun-
teer from the one family, joined the same battalion three
weeks later, and was killed in action in August, 1917.
Charles Wood, of Tamworth, served in the Canadian
Army.
E. J. Wood, of Flinton, joined the 2nd Depot Battalion.
J. A. Wood, of Flinton, son of the late William L. Wood,
was one of four brothers to take part in the Great War.

'DHE HONOR ROLL OF THE COUNTY 147

He joined the 21st in December, 1914, and crossed the
ocean in May, 1915. He was wounded at the Somme, acted
as instructor in England for twelve months, and returned
again to the front, remaining with his battalion until the
fighting ended.
Roy Wood, of Camden, was in the Canadian Army.
Sanford Wood, of Napanee, was in the 254th Batta-
lion.
Walter A. Wood, of Odessa, served in the 24th Batta-
lion.
W. P. Wood, of Flinton, joined the 26th at Belleville,
in June, 1915, was transferred to the 49th, and was severely
wounded at the Somme a few days after his brother, J. A.
Wood, was carried from the field. After twelve months in
hospital he returned .again to the front, was again
wounded and remained in hospital until after the signing
of the armistice.
George Woodcock, of Camden, was in the Canadian
Forces.
H. Woodcock, of Tamworth, served in the 4th C. IVI. R.
Rev. Herbert F. D. Woodcocl{, formerly of Camden
East, with rank of Honorary Captain, enlisted as Chaplain
in the 164th. He was two years and eight months in the
army and spent seven months in France. He was once
wounded near Arras in IVlarch, 1918.
I. E. Woodcock, of Tamworth, served in the 254th Bat-
talion.
Volney Woods, of Roblin, first joined the 1st Depot
Battalion at Kingston, and was transferred to the Air
Force in June, 1918, and had not completed his course in
Aeronautics when the armistice was signed.
B. Wright, of Bath, was in the 1st Eastern Ontario
Battalion.
Fred. Wright, of Fredericksburgh, was in training
when the war ended.
Harold Wright, of South Fredericksburgh, enlisted in
the Flying Corps and was overseas two years.

148 W'AR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

Okel Yeomans, of N ewburgh, started in as a soldier in
the 119th, and transferred to the 5th Canadian Railway
Troops and served eight months in France.
Fred York, of N apanee, left Canada for England in
May, 1915, and did not return until January, 1919. He
served with the 21st for over two years in France. He
received a piece of shrapnel in the knee and a rifle bullet
through his wrist, and passed through all the experiences
that fall to the lot of the old campaigner.
Marshall H. York, of Napanee, served in the 80th Bat-
talion.
William George Young trained in Canada, but did not
go overseas.
Bernard Zenoli, of Sillsville, enlisted at Napanee with
the 146th, and was transferred to the 10th Battery of the
Canadian Field Artillery. He was with the guns for fifteen
months in France and Belgium. He fought at Vimy Ridge,
Hill 70, Passchendaele, and Cambrai, and was both wound-
ed and gassed.

PATRIOTIC FUND AND OTHER RELIEF WORK 149

PART III
MISCELLANEOUS WAR WORK

BRITISH RED CROSS SOCIETY.
One of the most beautiful tributes ever paid by the
Motherland to her Daughter of the Snows was the asking
for help to carry on and extend the work of the British Red
Cross Society. The parent society knew that we had our
own society that was doing magnificent work and in addi-
tion to all that was being carried on under the auspices of
the Canadian Red Cross Society that we had our Y. :r.Æ. C. A.,
our Prisoners-of-war Fund, our Patriotic Fund, and other
organizations, all endeavoring to lighten the cares and
burdens of the soldiers; yet the British Red Cross Society
appealed direct to all Canadians for help. The self-evident
faith of the mother in the devotion of the child, the implied
knowledge on the part of the mother that the child could
be approached with confidence and the straight-forward
candour and simplicity of the appeal, all touched the hearts
of the Canadian people. We were proud to learn that our
willingness to give in such a cause was taken for granted.
We were also pleased with the absence of any formal cere-
monial in the asking. It was a plain and simple "we are
in distress, please help us". It was also some satisfaction
to know that our ability to give was recognized.
The British Red Cross Society had undertaken an
enormous task and was accomplishing wonders. It was
carrying on its humane work in England, France, Belgium,
Malta, Egypt, Salonika, :Mesopotamia, East Africa, Serbia,

150 WAR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

Montenegro, Italy and Russia. At the time of its appeal
to Canada the expenses were $170000 weekly, and were
steadily mounting upwards. It had to accommodate itself
to all sorts and conditions of men, places and surroundings.
It maintained thirteen hospitals in France, ten in Egypt,
and scores of them in England. It provided over one
thousand motor ambulances for the British Army in France
and Belgium, sixty with the French Army, and twenty-one
with the Belgian. Over one hundred were sent to Italy
and l\Iesopotamia. There were hospital trains and hospital
ships, and surgical and medical supplies of every descrip-
tion. One illustration of the readiness with which the
Society adapted itself to strange conditions will suffice.
The use of n10tor ambulances in !\Iesopotamia was im-
practicable. To meet the conditions there a fleet of thirty
motor ambulance boats for use on the Tigris was provided
and a shallow draught hospital ship with one hundred and
sixty cots.
The appeal first reached us through a proclamation of
the Lieutenant Governor of Ontario, Chairman of the Com-
mittee for the Province, setting forth the urgency of the
case and assuring the public that every dollar subscribed
would be devoted to relieving the sufferings of our wounded
soldiers and sailors. Different sections of the country
adopted different methods of raising the money. In some
places the local Red Cross Societies provided the necessary
help. School teachers carried on a canvass through their
pupils. Appeals were made from the public platforms and
pulpits and through the public press. Throughout the war
both newspapers in Napanee gave most generously of their
space to all patriotic efforts. In many municipalities the
Councils granted substantial sums and there was no organ-
ized attempt to conduct a general canvass. There was no
uniform system adopted in this county, but nearly every
known form of raising money was tried in one part of the
county or another. N apanee was the only part where there
was a systematic house to house canvass, and the result

PA mIOTIC FUND AND OTHER RELIEF WORK 151

was that the town contributed more than all the rest of the
county. It was demonstrated time and again during the
war that a thorough personal canvass will produce better
results than any other method. A certain number who are
prepared to accept all the benefits of organized citizenship
without its burdens will always find some excuse for refus-
ing to give as they should, but fortunately there are very
few of this class in N apanee. The many calls for financial
aid during the war afforded ample opportunities for
singling out the niggardly givers. They are all pretty
generally known and no one envies them their reputation.
Trafalgar Day was the time set each year for the "drive",
as every general canvass was usually called. The first in
1915 fell upon the twenty-first day of October. The daily
and weekly press everywhere in Ontario had been lending
their space to a publicity campaign for several weeks. The
l\1ayor had called a Ineeting to decide what course N apanee
would take. The town assumed no responsibility in respect
to other municipalities, as the head of each had received
the same appeal for help, and each was left to carry on its
work independent of the others. A small working com-
mittee was appointed, with Mr. W. S. Herrington as Chair-
man; Mr. W. A. Grange, Secretary, and Mr. E. R. Checkley,
Treasurer. The town was divided into twenty-five blocks
and a collector or "captain" was assigned to each block.
Specific instructions were issued to the captains to the
effect that it was to be a "whirlwind campaign", another
expression introduced into common usage during the war,
and that the canvass was to begin and be completed on the
day named, that no captain was to canvass anyone except
those actually residing in the block assigned to him and
that every person resident in the territory was to be can-
vassed. On the other hand the residents of the town had
been duly warned through the press and other means that
the canvasser would call and that the subscription was to
be ready for him. As the divisions were small the task
of the individual canvassers was not a heavy one. The

152 W.AlR WORK OF LENNOX AND A!DDJoNGTON

citizens were once more warned at nine oJclock on Trafalgar
Day by the ringing of bells and the blowing of horns that
the canvass was about to begin. It may be said generally
that rarely did a man chosen to conduct such a canvass
decline the appointment. Business men of all classes
emerged from their factories J offices J shops and stores and
went forth to perform the duty assigned them and did it
cheerfully and thoroughly. The same compliment may be
paid to the canvassed J not only in this campaign J but in all
others of a similar character throughout the war. As a
rule the subscription was ready and in nearly every instance
it was cash. The canvassers were received with a smile
and the contribution handed overJ accompanied very fre-
quently with the regret that the amount was not a greater
one. Of course in this as in all voluntary subscriptions
there were surprises of both kinds J but upon the whole the
people of Napanee have arisen to the occasion and done
their duty. When the subscriptions were all in the treas-
urer proudly announced that he had received $1814.94.
The rest of the county through municipal grants J donations
from public school children J women's organizations and
general contributions gave $56.50; making a total of
$1871.44 for the entire county.
There were two subsequent drives, one in 1916, and
the other in 1917. They were managed by the same com-
mittee, with the exception that Mr. Alpine Wood acted as
Chairman in the place of Mr. Herrington. In 1916 the
amount raised in the town was $2011.03, and in the county
$1410.25; making a total of $3421.28. In 1917 Napanee
forwarded $2137.47 to the general treasurer, and the rest
of the county $3134.80; a total for the entire county of

5272.27.
The method of conducting these canvasses has been
described at length as the same course was adopted not
only in connection with the three British Red Cross
appeals, but also for the Patriotic Fund, the Y. :M:. C. A.,
and the Navy League. Not only was the same system

PATRIOTIC FUND AND OTHER RELIEF WORK 153

adopted, but the map laying out the town in sections that
was used upon the first canvass was preserved and made
to do service on each subsequent occasion for canvassing
the town.
The entire amount contributed by the Province of
Ontario in 1915 was $1515843.00. In 1916 it reached a
total of $1656000.00, and in 1917 the amount was
$2054937.00. The officers of the Society were most grate-
ful for the assistance received from our province. The
following letter from Lord Lansdowne, President of the
British Red Cross, to Sir John Hendrie, Lieutenant-
Governor of Ontario, accompanying the official receipt for
1:250000, cabled as one remittance in 1916, is only one of
many, so eloquently expressing their appreciation of our
timely assistance.

"Dear Sir John Hendrie :
"I cannot allow the enclosed formal receipt to be des-
patched to you without asking you to receive the most
grateful thanks of the Joint Societies for the munificent
support which the Province of Ontario gives us in our
,,,"ork.
"We are under a great debt of obligation to you, and
to all who are associated with you in the task of so organiz-
ing our appeal that it comes to the knowledge of everyone
within your Province. The thoroughness of your organi-
zation, coupled with the patriotism and generous sympathy
of your people, can alone account for the splendid results
which you achieve.
I am, dear Sir John Hendrie,
"Yours faithfully,
"LANSDOWNE."

In 1918 an appeal was made to the County Council,
which voted $5000.00 to the fund, and as this subscription
represented all the municipalities in the county, no other

154 WAR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDliNGTON

effort was made in the county to secure further subscrip-
tions. The grand total contributed from different sources
in the county to the British Red Cross during the war was
as follows :-

1915, from Napanee and other sources. . . . . . . . ..$ 187144
1916, from Napanee and other sources. . . . . . . . .. 3,121 28
1917, from Napanee and other sources. . . . . . . . .. 527227
1917, from the County Council. .. .. .. .. .. .. ... 500000

Total .......................... $1556! 99

"C" CO., 80th BATTALION.
'Vhen the armouries were nearing completion in the
early autumn of 1915 speculation was rife as to what use
would be made of the building. The first meeting to be
held within the walls was a great recruiting rally on
September 2nd. The allies had been fighting for more
than a year and, with the exception of the great miracle of
the l\Iarne, the German war machine was triumphant.

1:ore men were needed. Politics for the time were forgot-
ten and a monster patriotic meeting was planned, with Sir
Wilfrid Laurier and Sir George E. Foster as the principal
speakers. The weather was ideal and nothing was left
undone to awaken the enthusiasm of the citizens. There
were excursions from all directions and military bands
provided sweet music from early morn until dark. In the
forenoon all the school children, carrying Union Jacks,
paraded the streets of the town headed by a pipers' band,
while the Boy Scouts and the local band brought up the
rear of the procession.
Long before the appointed hour the crowd began to
gather in the armouries until at least three thousand were
within its walls and hundreds were unable to gain admit-
tance. Sir George was unable to be present; but there

PATRIOTIC FUND AND O'NIER RELIEF WORK 155

were many other distinguished public men who addressed
the large audience until the arrival of Sir Wilfrid, upon
this his first and only visit to Napanee. His entrance was
the signal for round after round of applause, which was
renewed with increased vigour when he was introduced by
Mr. W. J. Paul, IVLP. He was suffering at the time and at
great personal inconvenience had come to Napanee. He
concluded a stirring and patriotic address as follows :-
"This is the message I bring to you to-day, my fellow
citizens. \Ve haye to fight this war out until Germany is
humbled. I have great respect for the German people, but
they have ållowed themselves to be degraded and if we are
to have lasting peace they must be humbled."
Proceeding he said the war was not as far advanced
as he had hoped it would be. "We may be disappointed",
he said, "but discouraged never! To the young men I say:-
enlist; one argument will touch you :-none but the brave
deserves the fair. We do not fight for glory, we do not
fight for booty. We fight that Belgium may be free, that
France may recover her lost territory; that England may
retain her proud position; that Germany may learn that
treaties TIlUSt be kept and the rights of sn1all nations must
be respected, and that we may attain the goal of 'peace on
earth, good will towards men'."
A few weeks later there was a great flurry of excite-
ment when it was announced that the work on the arn10ur-
ies was being rushed, so as to have the building ready for
winter quarters for part of a battalion which was to be
stationed in sections in Picton, Belleville, and Napanee.
The upper stories were filled up with bunks, contracts were
let for supplies of various kinds, and there was general
satisfaction that Napanee's claim to have some soldiers
quartered here, now that we had a suitable place to house
them, was being recognized. All sorts of plans were made
to welcome the boys in khaki. Dr. and Mrs. C. E. Wilson
turned over their home on Robert Street, just at the rear
of the armouries for a Khaki Club. Receptions were

156 WAR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

planned in the V1arious churches, and everyone eagerly
awaited the arrival of the soldiers.
Early in November it was learned that "c" Company
of the 80th Battalion would be sent to Napanee, "A" and
"B" Companies to Belleville, and "D" Company to Picton.
On the 8th they arrived, about two hundred strong, officer-
ed as follows :-
Major C. H. Gray in command.
Captain L. C. Lockett Second in command.
Lieutenants, A. C. Truesdale, H. D. Mason, A. F. Wins-
low, G. S. Coward.
Company Sergeant Major, J. Mercer.
Quartermaster Sergeant, W. E. Roberts.
Orderly Room Sergeant, H. C. Rothwell.
The townspeople were delighted with the soldier boys
and set about it to make their stay in Napanee as pleasant
as possible. At this stage of the war it was known for a
certainty that enlisting in the army was a serious matter.
The stubborn resistance and aggressiveness of the Teutons
left no doubt that the war was not to be won in a few
months, that greater sacrifices still were to be expected,
and that many of the beardless, smiling lads then seen upon
the streets would cross the ocean but once. It was with
this knowledge and a desire to shew their appreciation of
the services tendered to the cause of liberty and justice
that the Napanee homes were thrown open and a hearty
welcome extended to the recruits. A number of ladies
took advantage of the generous offer of Dr. Wilson and
organized a Khaki Club, where the boys could go when off
duty and spend a social evening. The music, cards and
games thus provided went a long way to lighten the burden
of many a home-sick boy. Many of them required no
assistance in getting acquainted, and soon found genial and
attractive companions in the younger members of the fairer
sex. The committee responsible for the organization and
success of the club was composed of the following ladies :-

PATRIOTIC FUND AND OTHER RELIEF WORK 157

Mrs. T. D. Sneath, Mrs. G. B. Curran, Mrs. R. G. H. Tra-
vers, Mrs. Clayton Maybee and Miss Luella Hall.
The first general parade was to St. l\Iary Magdalene
Church on their first Sunday in town. On the following
Sunday they went again in a body to Trinity Idethodist
Church. After that they were divided into groups, each
one being at liberty to attend the church of his choice.
The general consensus of opinion was that a tidier and
more orderly group of young men never visited our town.
The wisdom of bringing them here was fully demonstrated
by the comfortable quarters provided, and by the fact dur-
ing the first week six new recruits were secured, and in a
short time the company was up to its full strength. All
of the men of the 80th were from this the 3rd Military
District, with headquarters at I{ingston; but the addition
of so many new recruits from N apanee and surrounding
country brought our citizens in closer touch and gave them
a deeper personal interest in the fortunes of the battalion.
This interest was manifested in many practical ways. The
local churches tendered them receptions, and the Red Cross
Society looked tenderly after their needs, especially during
the influenza epidemic, when night shirts and pillow shams
were given to each one suffering from the disease. Volun-
teers to entertain them at the Club were forthcoming.
Merchants donated gifts for a Christmas tree and one
generous-hearted citizen provided the means for a special
Christmas dinner.
During the Christmas week Major Gray relinquished
his command of "c" Company, and accepted the position
of Junior Major in the new 146th Battalion. Captain
Lockett, who was very popular with both officers and men,
was given command of the company. The esteem in which
those officers were held by the boys in the armouries was
testified by handsome gifts to each on the eve of the
change, which took effect on January 1st.
A Soldiers' Christmas Tree in the armouries on the
afternoon of Christmas Day was an event that went a long

158 W AiR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

way to compensate the boys who were unable to spend the
day at home. The affair was under the management of
the ladies of the Khaki Club. The Red Cross Society pro-
vided the socks and the ladies filled them with gifts of
various kinds acceptable to the boys, interspersed with
others calculated to afford amusement to an who were
present. The program began with a fairy dance, put on
by a score or nlOre of little girls, singing merrily, as they
danced around the beautifully decorated tree, being a re-
production of a part of a cantata successfully presented in
the town a few weeks before. This was followed by the
introduction of Santa Claus, who distributed the presents.
There was much merriment as the contents of the socks
were revealed and all entered heartily into the spirit of the
entertainment. A delightful afternoon was concluded by
a few words of good wishes from Mayor W. T. Gibbard,
and a neat little speech from Major Gray, in which he
thanked all present for their kind and thoughtful consider-
ation for the boys under his command.
In two weeks' time the boys returned the compliment
by giving a concert, and all the talent was furnished from
their own ranks. Physical drills, wrestling, songs and
other specialties made up a varied program, which was
.well received by a large audience.
Lieut. Col. Ketcheson, the Commanding Officer of the
80th, claimed that he had the best military band in Canada.
That it was a very superior combination of musical artists,
there is no doubt. In matters of music, as in a good many
other things, Napaneeans are pretty hard to please, but
they were exceptionally well pleased with the performance
of Bandmaster Lieut. Stares and his thirty-nine musicians.
They gave one of their high class concerts in the armour-

S. The buIlding was crowded and all were well rewarded,
as it was pronounced the best all round program of band
n1usic ever presented in N apanee. Later on in the season
by special request the band returned and gave another
performance equally as good as the first.

PATRIOTIC FUND AND OTHER RELIEF WORK 159

Thus the winter rolled by, and the town for the first
time in its history, for the entire season wore a decidedly
military air. At different hours in the day small squads
and platoons were drilling in different parts of the town.
Occasionally they would unite for company drill or join in
a route march to the neighbouring towns or villages. Upon
such occasions it was customary for the Red Cross Society
or some other good friend of the boys to warn the Mayor
or some patriotic organization at the other end of the route
that they were coming. This was enough to ensure a
warm welcome from the citizens and a bountiful supply of
coffee, cocoa and sandwiches.
The hours for drill and instruction were not so long but
that ample time was given the soldiers to mingle with the
townspeople and get acquainted. At all hours of the day
the bugle calls could be heard and military terms crept into
the language of both old and young. The observance of
discipline and military etiquette had a most salutory effect
upon the youth of the town, which may still be observed.
The small boys and older ones as well learned that it was
the proper thing to salute and shew respect to their elders.
The presence of "C" Company in Napanee made the winter
of 1915-16 the liveliest and most enjoyable for all classes
ever witnessed in the town, and it was with real regret that
the citizens learned early in April that in a few days they
would be moved to Belleville. The appointed day came all
too soon. The whole town turned out to bid the boys good-
bye, and there were many moist eyes at the station as the
train pulled out, and handkerchiefs waved their last adieus,
while the band endeavored to enliven the occasion with the
strains of "The Girl I Left Behind Me". It was not an
occasion for cheering or rejoicing. In fact it was very
difficult to raise a cheer at any time in Napanee when troop
trains were passing through or our own boys were going
away; for deep down in their hearts they felt that many
of these same smiling cheering lads would never return
from overseas. So indeed it proved. . During their few

160 WAR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

weeks stay in Belleville many flying visits were paid them
by their friends in N apanee. It was a common occurence
to see a N apanee car against a curb in a Belleville street
to allow the company to pass and the occupants would be
greeted with a salvo of "Hello Napanee" from the entire
company, so pleased were they to see the familiar faces
of their N apanee friends again.
In a few weeks time the battalion sailed for overseas,
and shortly after their arrival in England they were drafted
into other regiments and lost their identity as the 80th.
They did not forget the season they spent in N apanee, and
scores of correspondents kept in touch with their move-
ments long after they had reached the front line trenches.
They took part in m'any of the fiercest battles and acquitted
them as true Canadians. A familiar name here and there
in the casualty list would be the first intimation that some
of the boys of the old "C" Company were in an engage-
ment. How many of the 80th fell in battle it would be
difficult to determine, but of the number who wintered in
Napanee it would appear that at least twenty are now
sleeping in France and Flanders.

THE 146th BATTALION.
Recruiting for "C" Company of the 80th had been so
brisk that by the middle of December the authorities felt
that volunteers for the new Frontenac, Lennox and Ad-
dington Battalion, known as the 146th, might with good
results be sought in Napanee and vicinity. Chief of Police
J. J. Graham resigned his position, was commissioned as
Lieutenant, and opened a recruiting office in Napanee the
week before Christmas. Lieut.-Col. Lowe was the Com-
manding Officer, with Lieut.-Col. Ferguson second in
command. Similar recruiting offices were opened at
Enterprise, Tamworth and Flinton, and m'any volunteers
were obtained at these outlying points, where temporary
barracks were secured and the men sent into winter

PATRIOTIC FUND AND OTHER RELIEF WORK 161

quarters in their own home village. This policy proved
to be a wise one, as every new recruit was himself a re-
cruiting officer. The lot of the young man, who, day after
day, resisted the entreaties of his neighbors to join up and
do his bit, was not an enviable one.
There was a certain amount of friendly rivalry
between the local platoon of the 146th, who were quartered
in the old fire hall in the Market Square, and the boys in
the armouries. Sometimes, but rarely, it passed the
friendly stage when some overzealous member of one body
or the other misjudged the good nature of his rival. Upon
the whole they fraternized very well, and there was no
cause for serious complaint. The members of the 146th
were all local men, but did not displace the men of "C"
Company in the affections of the citizens. They were
practically at home, many of them still living with their
own families and were not in any special need of those little
attentions which mean so much to strangers in a strange
place.
The first recruiting meeting on behalf of the 146th
was held in Grace Church, on January 4th. Mr. W. J.
Paul, M.P., presided, and the principal speaker was Trooper
IVlulloy, the blind patriot, who lost his eyes in the South
African War. After listening to his stirring address, four
young men came forward and joined the battalion. The
result of the meeting cannot be measured by this incident
alone as the officers reported several additions to the ranks
during the following week.
Wherever there was a public gathering a recruiting
officer would turn up. It was a common occurence for a
young officer or perhaps a private to put in an appearance
at a concert or teameeting and claim the right to speak.
He was never denied a hearing. Advertisements were
inserted in the newspapers. Attractive invitations to
enlist were posted upon the bill boards; the cinema films
produced special reels, all emphasizing the great need of
more volunteers to reinforce our tired men in the trenches.

162 WA'R WORK OF LENNOX AND A.DDINGTON

Slowly they came in, and by springtime Lieutenant
Graham had a goodly sized platoon composed almost ex-
clusively of Lennox and Addington boys. As soon as they
could be cared for at Barriefield, the scattered platoons
were assembled there, where they drilled a few weeks and
were moved on to Valcartier. There they trained a few
months and embarked for England. Many of them were
drafted into the 4th Canadian Mounted Rifles, one of the
hardest fighting battalions in the Canadian army. There
were many casualties among them. Their names, together
with particulars of their service, will be found elsewhere
in this yolume.

CATHOLIC ARMY HUT APPEAL
The Knights of Columbus are a very strong fraternal
organization in both the United States and Canada; but
we did not hear much about them in the war, until the
great republic had entered the conflict. In every training
camp in the United States there was a Knights of Columbus
amusement hall, reading room and canteen, and they
followed the men overseas, performing similar services to
those rendered by the Y. M. C. A. and the Salvation Army.
Although primarily prompted by a desire to benefit those
belonging to the Roman Catholic Church, yet no one was
ever turned away because of his religious belief. On the
contrary a welcome was extended to all who chose to avail
themselves of their services. Their work among the Cana-
dian troops did not end with demobilization. The returned
men were made to feel that their sacrifice was 'appreciated,
and that they were not forgotten as soon as they were out
of the uniform.
A supreme effort to raise funds was decided upon
during the summer of 1918, and a Catholic Army Hut Drive
was planned to take place in the month of September.
There being no branch of the organization in Napanee, Mr.
Patrick Gleason was asked to take the matter in hand, and

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PATRIOTIC FUND AND OTH'ER RELIE.F WORK 163

he proved to be a most efficient manager. One pleasant
feature of war work was that all religious and political
differences were forgotten. The same men who had con-
ducted the former canvasses again went the rounds, and
enabled l\Ir. Gleason to forward to headquarters the sum
of $1004.25. The total amount raised in Canada was
$850000.00.

THE COUNTY MEMORIAL
During the four years of conflict, when all that the
nation held dear was at stake, when the menace of foreign
aggression and ruthless oppression threatened the Empire,
no price was considered too great to pay for the retention
of these principles and institutions of liberty and freedom,
which are the heritage and pride of the British peoples.
Even the growing casualty lists did not dull the enthusiasm.
The people felt that this was a business that must be gone
through with. They steeled their hearts to the task and
pressed on in grim determination to the end. The feverish
excitement under which all classes worked, and the all
absorbing passion for victory often prevented a full expres-
sion of sympathy with the silent suffering of those who
were bravely bearing a heavy burden, because of the loss
of sons or relatives in the conflict.
But scarcely had the armistice been signed when a
wave of sympathy swept the land in their behalf, and an
almost universal expression of grief and sorrow was heard
that those who had made victory possible were not able
to see the full fruits of their sacrifice, and the depth of
thanksgiving for peace was only equalled by the desire on
the part of all classes, societies, churches, institutions of
learning, lodges, towns, cities and municipalities, to erect
to the memory of those who had fallen some fitting token
of respect and reverence.
At the public meeting in the Armouries in Napanee to
celebrate the signing of the armistice, this feéling found
expression in a suggestion that no time be lost in the erec-

164 WA!R WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

tion of some suitable memorial to the boys from Lennox
and Addington who had lost their lives in the war. The
local press and various organizations discussed the matter
freely, and after some months public opinion took
definite form in the appointment of a committee to consider
the different propositions that had been presented. The
discussion gradually narrowed down the alternatives to
two,-a memorial hall and a monument. And finally in
the light of all the discussion and as a result of the deliber-
ations of a representative committee, the County Council
took action and decided to erect a monument.
Contracts were called for and designers consulted as
to the kind and style that would best harmonize with the
architecture of the county building. For it was agreed
that on the county property which belonged to the people
as a whole, it must be built. From several designs sub-
mitted one was eventually selected. But its selection
involved a complete re-arrangement of the approaches to
the county building, and not a few were the misgivings
while the changes were in progress as to the ultimate
artistic effect. But the wisdom of the Council's committee
was more than justified when the whole re-arrangement
was completed. The monument chosen consists of a base
of solid granite about five feet square reared on a concrete
foundation. The foundation is completely banked with
grass so that the appearance is that of a grassy mound.
Protruding from this mound and on each side of it is a
square column on the top of which is carved the Union
Jack, and on the face the names of important battles in
which the Canadians were engaged. On the sides of the
base proper are engraved the names of all from the county
who fell in the war. Capping the whole structure and
upheld by a staunch looking pedestal, is a bowl shaped
design, symbolic of the altar of sacrifice. The whole con-
stitutes an imposing and enduring memorial to those who
gave their lives for freedom and liberty.
On July 1st, 1920, the monument was unveiled, and

PA TRIOTIC FUND AND OrnER RELIEF WORK 165

the occasion was marked 8S one of the most impressive
and most important ceremonies ever witnessed in the
county. The Court House, the grounds, and the county
property generally had been carefully prepared for the
occasion. The decorations were artistically done. Red,
white and blue streamers covered the lime-stone pillars of
the building. Shields, bearing the names of important
engagements in which Canadians participated, were grace-
fully hung between the windows and were draped with the
Canadian Jack. Immediately in front of the steps a tem-
porary rostrum had been erected. This was draped with
bunting and flags; while immediately to the rear of this
were seats for the County Council and invited guests. The
monument itself draped with a Union Jack, presented an
imposing picture, and seemed to grow out of its grassy
foundation.
The arrangements were adequate and carefully
planned, so that there was no confusion. The street for a
block on each side had been roped off to prevent traffic
from interfering with the solemnity of the occasion. The
day was cool and bright, and the whole setting perfect in
every detail.
Shortly after nine o'clock the people began to assemble
and soon every available place of vantage was filled with a
waiting but hushed audience. The first of those taking
part in the programme to arrive were the school children,
about five hundred strong. They took the place on the
right of the monument, which had been reserved for them,
quietly and in good order. The Naval Brigade of the
Kingston Branch of the Navy League then took up their
position. This band was under the leadership of Lieuten-
ant Shaw, and all the members were sons of veterans. The
14th Regimental band then appeared and took the place
alloted to them. And last, but most important of all, the
war veterans of Lennox and Addington marched up and
stood at attention around the monument.
At 11.10 :l\Iajor McNoughton, Brigadier General Ross,

166 WAR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

Colonel Hill, Major Nicholson, Mr. W. G. Wilson and the
Warden of the County, Mr. W. 'V. Adams, mounted the
rostrum and stood at attention, while the children, accom-
panied by the band, sang "0 Canada". The audience were
then led in prayer by :Major Kidd. The prayer was folIo, v-
ed by the singing of "0 God Our Help in Ages Past, Our
Hope for Years to Come".
General Hill proceeded to give the unveiling address,
and said in part :-"The people of Lennox and Addington
ßre to be congratulated for the way in which they are thus
perpetuating the memory of those who during the war
made the supreme sacrifice. Only those of us who were
at the front know the full extent of those sacrifices, and
can testify th
t those whose nan1es we honor were worthy
sons of their forebears who, rather than renounce the
British flag, left home and property to settle in this county,
and 1 have the convictión that those who sleep in Flanders,
are looking on and beholding with gratitude and apprecia-
tion, what you to-day are doing for then1. Their sacrifice
and the men10ry of their lives should inspire us to go for-
ward and preserve for future generations the liberty and
the freedom they so gallantly won for us." He then drew
the cord which released the flag and revealed to the waiting
multitude the beauties of the monument. The veterans,
many of whom had been with those whose lives were being
thus remembered, stood at attention, the rest removed their
hats 'and remained thus as they sang the hymn, "Nearer
:My God to Thee".
Brigadier General Ross was introduced by the Warden,
and said :-"1 am proud to say that the Second Battalion
of that famous First Division was largely made up of boys
from this county, and the people of this district I am
confident from what I know of their past, would never have
been satisfied had their boys not been among the first to
go. Here we are among loyalists. The sons of loyalist
fathers did not disgrace their parentage, but stood from
the very first to the last among the best that faced the

PA '.r.RIOTIC FUND AND OTHER RELIEF WORK 167

German hordes. I have seen them in Valcartier, Salisbury
Plains, in trench, and in rest, and none of those who lie in
Flanders loved the cause more than those from Canada, of
which those whom we to-day renlember are truly represen-
tatiyc. On the first day of the battle at Vimy Ridge, 5970
men passed through our dressing station, and I never heard
a gru111ble; indeed, scarcely was there a moan of pain, and
those who died, died happy in their duty. An occasion
like this gives us an opportunity to assemble and show
once more the gratitude we have in our hearts for those
who fought and fell for us.
Chaplain Nicholson, in a brief address, said, "one
word sums up in a sublime way the meaning of this cere-
mony, the word 'sacrifice'. The sacrifice of the living who
faced the foe was the sacrifice of ease and happiness, of
home and comfort, for long marches, weary trudges, slimy
dug-outs, shells that carried death in their wake, machine
guns that poured forth a hail of bullets, airplanes that spat
fire, hunger that pinched, and cold that hurt. But the
sacrifice of the dead was the most glorious thing in history.
These men at Passchendaele, Vimy Ridge and on the
Somme have purchased our freedom. Let us be worthy of
it; let us thank God for the blessed dead and carry a bit
further the torch they have flung to us in passing."
In the weird minor chords of the bag pipes, Pipe Major
Macdonald, of Kingston, played a Scottish dirge, the bugle
band sounded the last post, and the assemblage dispersed,
after the singing of the National Anthem.
The following are the names which are engraved on
the monument :-
George H. Adair
Thomas M. Adair
Ibri B. Alkenbrack
Clarence Allen
Harold D. Arnott
Percy Ashley
Shirley Asselstine

Henry A. Baker
Edward H. Baker
Herbert S. Baker
Robert Ballentyne
John L. Ball
Ernest H. Barker
Thomas Beck

168 WAR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

James H. Bell
George Benson
Herbert L. Blanchflower
Arthur Bland
William J. Boomhower
William B. Brandon
David Brown
J. Gordon Brooks
Charles Burgess
Walter C. Bush
W. Kenneth Cambridge
Arthur Carroll
Guy M. Chapman
Austen Clark
Edward F. Corkill
William A. Dafoe
Amos R. Dafoe
William R. Dafoe
Frank E. Davern
F. Davy
William R. Davey
Lorne Dawson
Ernest Dennee
Meacham Denyes
Walter P. Detlor
George F. Dracup
James H. Dunn
Wilfred Dwyer
Eric Eagle
Bruce W. Fairbairn
Harold A. Fairbairn
Harold P. Fairbairn
A. Roy Fenwick
Daniel R. Ferguson
William Fleming
Joseph Fortier
D. R. Foster

Alfred Fox
Earl B. Galbraith
Fred. R. Garrison
William C. Giddy
George Girvin
Morris Glass
Roy E. Gould
James T. Greenway
Samuel T. Greenway
Charles A. Gregg
William J. Griffin
James A. H. Haines
William S. Hamilton
Fred Hamilton
J. Vincent Harrison
Charles E. Hartman
Charles Hartin
Allen J. Hawley
David R. Hearns
William A. Henderson
Kelvin G. Herrington
Raymond Hicks
C. H. Hicks
Samuel Hicks
Frederick C. Hill
Clayton Hineman
Charles Hobbs
James L. Hudson
Frederick Hughes
Aulton A. Humphrey
J. Hutchinson
Frank E. Irish
John B. Kellar
T. Leo Kennedy
Gordon Kimmett
F. Arthur Laughlin
William Lawlor

PATRIOTJC FUND _\ND O'NIER RELIEF WORK 169

Albert N. Leary
Ernest W. Leggatt
Fred J. Lockwood
Eurk B. Lott
Thomas Lowry
Alexander
IacNicoll
G. A. l\iacNicoll
Richard M. Marlin
George A. Marshall
Gerald M. l\ieagher
Everett E. Miller
John P. Miner
Reginald A. Minchin ton
Gordon E. Mincninton
Harold Mouck
Ernest Mouck
Jlarold McAfee
Clarence
icCabe
Raymond H. McConachie
George R. McConachie
William McCumber
Thomas E. McFern
William G. R. McGreer
Thomas W. F. M
Knight
John J. McLaughlin
Fred McTaggart
James A. McTaggart
Charles A. Norris
Lome G. Oliver
George B. Pearson
T. L. Perry
James E. Pollard
\Villiam E. Powell
\V. Ross Pringle
Anson Pringle
\Villiam Prue
James R. Rankin

Robert A. Redfern
Herbert Reid
Joseph W. G. Robinson
Clancy L. Rogers
Arthur S. Rose
Russell G. Sams
Frank H. Savage
Finnie Scott
Charles Scott
John R. Sedore
John J. Sexsmith
Roy Shorts
Ross C. Simpkins
John E. Snider
Donald B. Smith
James Stoddart
Joseph W. Switzer
Harry W. Unwin
William D. Unwin
Wilbur C. Vandervoort
Claude VanLuven
Frederick D. Walker
Donald H. WaIker
Alvin E. Wartman
James F. Websdale
William B. Wells
Oswald Wemp
John Wilkison
H. Edgar Wicks
J. Delbert Wiskin
H. Cleworth Woods
Ernest Woods
Herbert R. Wood
Amos B. Woodcock
Thomas
i. Woodcock
'Villiam Wright
Stanley H. York

170 WAR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

NAVY LEAGUE
We of the inland provinces were so seldom brought in
touch with the navy and seafaring men, that we had no
proper conception of what the empire owes to our Navy
and l\;Iercantile Marine. It was only when we witnessed
the great havoc wrought upon the British shipping during
the war that we fully realized how dependent we were
upon the brave men who guard our shores and carry our
commerce upon the seven seas. It was the wonder of the
\vorld that while ships and crews were being sent to the
bottom by the score, the British seamen never faltered;
but remained faithfully at their posts. The navy pensions
did not apply to the mercantile marine and thousands of
widows and children were in want, because the heads of
these families had been mercilessly destroyed by the
German submarines. To relieve this suffering was one
of the primary objects of The Navy League; as service
and sacrifice were the two dominant notes of the war that
appealed to everyone. The Lennox and Addington Branch
of The Navy League of Canada was granted its charter
on the 9th July, 1918. The officers since its organization
are :-Mr. 'V. G. Wilson, Chairman; Miss Edna Richard-
son, Treasurer, and Mr. John G. Daly, Secretary. Al-
though they entered the field late in the war, the local
branch entered upon a vigorous campaign to educate the
people. Public meetings were held, addressed by such
prominent speakers as AemiIius Jarvis, Lieut. Carnegie,
President of the Ontario Division; Peter Wright, the
champion of the British Sailors' Union, and Chaplain Rev.
S. Boa!. The members of the local chapter of the Daugh-
ters of the Empire threw themselves vigorously into the
work of the League and raised $750.00. The County
Council made two grants of $10,000.00 and $1,000.00 res-
pectively, and a further sum of $1500 was realized from
public meetings and a well conducted drive, making a grand
total of $13,250.00 to be credited to the efforts of the

RATRIOTIC FUND AND OTHER RELIEF WORK 171

local branch. As the need of assistance did not end with
the signing of the Treaty of Peace, the Navy League is
continuing its good work.

THE PATRIOTIC FUND
Two days after war was declared, the Minister of
IVI:ilitia proudly announced that Canada would contribute a
contingent of 25000 men, and this was at the time regarded
as a most liberal contribution. Recruiting began at once,
and among the number who volunteered for the expedition
were many who had wives and children or other relatives
depending upon thelTI for their support. Few had any
knowledge of our pension act and it was weeks before the
govenlment made any provision for a separation allow-
ance. There were very few, if any, who were not earning
more than $1.10 a day, yet that was all that was offered
the private, and out of it he had to supply certain personal
needs of his own. The first question that arose in his mind
was, "how will n1Y family be proyided for during my
absence?" There was only one answer to be given to the
young patriot, and that was proclaimed from every plat-
form and published in every newspaper in Canada :-"We,
who ren1ain at home, will care for your family, and see
that they are not in want". So the minds of the volunteers
were relieved of that burden, and they donned the uniforn1
with lighter hearts, believing that the sacred promise
would be faithfully kept, and so it was, although the people
little dreamed at the time what a responsibility they were
assuming. Within two weeks from the declaration of war
some of the larger centres began to organize for the rais-
ing of a local fund for the purpose. The City of Montreal
was well to the front in this good work, and l\!Ir. Herbert
Brown Ames, one of the city's representatives in the
Dominion House, was one of the most enthusiastic sup-
porters of the fund. With his keen business insight he
foresaw that a series of local organizations, each conducted

172' WAR WORK OF LENNOX AND AÐ'DINGTON

upon an independent basis, would ultimately lead to con-
fusion and defeat the end in view. At the very outset he
wrote to the Goyernor-General, suggesting the formation
of a national fund controlled by a central committee, and
that all local organizations should be affiliated with it.
There were two precedents for the creation of such a fund.
During the Crimean War a large sum of money was raised
by voluntary subscriptions and donated for the relief of the
dependants of British and French soldiers. Again in 1900,
during the South African War, a Canadian Patriotic Fund
was created with a very wide scope. It aimed at making
adequate provision for the soldiers themselves while on
duty, and for their dependants during the soldiers' absence,
and went further still to provide a pension for the soldier
or his dependants in the event of his disability or death.
A large sum was raised, and after caring for all cases
reported to those administering the fund, there still
remained in the treasury over $75000 on August 20th, 1914.
The Governor-General lost no time in acting upon the
suggestion of Mr. Ames, and called a meeting of prominent
men at ottawa on the 18th of August. The response to
His Excellency's invitation was most encouraging. Every-
one appeared anxious to help along such a worthy cause.
A strong committee was appointed and a draft bill was
prepared for the incorporation of His Excellency, the
Governor General of Canada, the Prime Minister and
Leader of the Opposition of the House of Commons, the
Lieutenant Governors and Premiers of the various Pro-
vinces, and many other men of nation wide reputation, as
a body corporate to carryon the work. By the time the
committee on legislation had the bill ready for presentation
to the House of Commons, 30000 had already enlisted, and
:1S many more had offered their services to their country.
It was quite apparent that the number of 25000 as
originally planned would have to be greatly increased to
provide reinforcements or a possible second contingent.
It was therefore deemed expedient to restrict the applica.

PATRIOTIC FUND AND OTHER RELIEF WORK 173

tion of the fund to the needs of the dependants of our
soldiers during their absence only, but it was extended
in another way to include all Canadians serving in the
Great War in the forces of any of our allies as well as in
our own army.
The bill for incorporation was presented to the House
on August 28th, and was passed at once, whereupon His
Excellency and the others above referred to became a body
corporate under the name of The Canadian Patriotic Fund.
At the first meeting of the newly organized body, His
Royal Highness the Duke of Connaugh t was elected Presi-
dent, and Mr. Ames, Secretary. The latter devoted a
great deal of time and energy to the duties of his office,
and in recognition of his faithful services he was knighted
by His Majesty and became Sir Herbert Ames. During
the course of the war, four special appeals were made to
the public. The first was in the autumn of 1914, when
over $6000000 was pledged, including $75972.62, the
remnant of the old Boer War Fund, which was turned over
to the new organization. In 1916 a drive for more funds
was launched. The objective was $8000000, and nearly
$12000000 was realized.
Upon the Duke of Devonshire assuming office he was
elected President, and on Jonuary 1st, 1917, he said in the
course of an appeal to the Canadian people :-
"Hea vy as the sacrifices ha ye already been, the
Dominion is as determined as ever to carry the war to a
successful conclusion, and, however onerous the burden
may be, she is equally determined to help the families of
those who are serving in the Army and Navy.
"The administration of the fund has been most suc-
cessful and economic, and subscribers can be fully assured
that their contributions are being expended to the best
advantage.
"Fifty-five thousand families, comprising one hundred
and fifty thousand individuals, are to-day dependant upon
the fund, and it is estimated that $12500000 will be

174 WAR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

required to meet the requirements of the next twelve
months. The sum is a large one, but when the circum-
stances are fully realized, I am confident that the people
of Canada will willingly contribute th
amount necessary
for the fund to continue its patriotic and beneficent work."
This was a pretty heavy contribution to expect from
a war weary people who were already giving generously
of their substance towards war relief work through other
agencies. His Excellency, however, did not over estimate
the public spirit and generosity of the Canadian people, as
over $16000000 was paid into the treasury of the fund
during the year.
Again the appeal was repeated in 1918, and again the
people as a whole made a generous response, but in some
quarters contributions were withheld owing to the fact
that there was a large surplus in the treasury. Over
$11500000 was realized during the year, which was more
than was actually required to meet the demands upon the
fund. The total amount received by the fund from all
sources from the beginning of the war was nearly
$48000000, and of this sum about $9500000 was still on
hand when demobolization was well under way, and when
it was completed the primary object of the fund had been
a ttained. The promise to care for the dependants had
been faithfully kept. Never was so large an undertaking
carried out with greater care and economy. The amount
of executive and clerical work was enormous, yet not one
cent of the money collected was used to meet the expenses
of collecting and distributing the fund. All these expenses
were met by the interest received upon the deposits in the
bank, so that the principal remained unimpaired and was
used exclusively for the purpose for which it was sub-
scribed. But what was to be done with the surplus running
up into the millions. There were many post war problems
for which the government had made no provision. Many
returned men met with misfortune or died from disease
after their discharge, and their families were in distress.

PATRIOTIC FUND .A!ND OWER RELIEF WORK 175

IVlany similar instances could be cited. It was wisely con-
cluded to devote the surplus to such cases. In September,
1919, Sir Herbert Ames' business capacity was further
recognized by his appointment as Financial Director of the
International Secretarial of the League of Nations. He
accordingly resigned his position as Honorary Secretary of
the Fund, and he was succeeded by Mr. W. F. Nickle, K.C.,
of Kingston, who is continuing the good work with that
scrupulous care and ability that characterized the manage-
ment by Sir Herbert. Although Lennox and Addington
could and did play but a very small part in such an enor-
mous undertaking, yet the writer deems it necessary to
thus briefly trace the history of the Fund as a whole in
order that the people of this county may fully understand
the origin of the demands made upon them and the
necessity for such a movement. It must be a great source
of satisfaction to all who aided in this noble cause, whether
by voluntary contributions or in taxes, to know that never
was money n10re honorably expended. The thousands of
grateful acknowledgements from all parts of the country
bear eloquent testimony to the good that was done. The
cares of the men in the trenches were materially reduced,
and the hardships were borne with greater fortitude
because of the certainty that all was well at home, and
thanks to the Patriotic Fund, the loved ones left behind
were being well cared for. '\Ve were not slow in this
county to organize for the relief of the dependants of our
members of the overseas forces, but we did not affiliate
with the Central organization until l'fIarch, 1916. A com-
mittee was formed shortly after the general movement
was set on foot, with His Honor Judge l\iadden as Chair-
man, and Mr. W. J. Doller as Secretary-Treasurer. The
greater part of the work fell upon these two officers, the
former, being the executive head of the committee, presided
at all meetings of the committee and exercised a careful
oversight over the entire work of granting relief. 1\11'.
DoHer's duties covered a great deal of burdensome detail

176 WAR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

and called for the exercise of patience, discrimination and
tact in analysing and classifying the applications for relief.
Various methods were adopted to raise money to carry on
the work. Subscriptions were solicited by a general
canvas, but these were mostly limited to the Town of
Napanee and some of the villages in the county. It was
very difficult to organize the county as a whole for such
a purpose. Public meetings addressed by the Chairman
of the Committee, and other speakers, were held at points
where accommodation could be secured. Entertainments
of different kinds were given to raise money for the fund,
and many of the local councils voted small grants to help
out the funds of the committee. None of these methods
gave satisfaction. The vast majority of the people gave
nothing, while the willing givers were bearing far more
than their share of the burden. It was pretty generally
conceded that the simplest and most equitable means of
raising the required amount was by grants from the
County Council. The committee waited upon the Council
and presented their case. The council undertook to provide
the necessary funds.
Up to March 8th, 1916, the committee paid out to the
dependents of members of the expeditionary forces from
this county the sum of $7458.05. The County Council
during the same period paid in insurance premiums upon
soldiers' lives $8439.49. These disbursements take no
account of the many cases of relief extended by private
individuals, Red Cross Societies, the Daughters of the
Empire, and other patriotic organizations.
Mr. Ames had had his eye upon this county for some
time. He was satisfied that we were not doing our full
duty and that we should organize as a branch of the
national association. He was further confident that he
could satisfy us that such was the case if given an oppor-
tunity to do so. The opportunity was given him; he came
to Napanee and addressed a public meeting in the Town
Hall. His arguments were most convincing. Perhaps the

PATRIOTIC FUND AND OTHER RELIEF WORK 177

most convincing of all was that the policy we were pursuing
was a selfish, and not a truly patriotic one. Other coun-
ties with more men to spare and with less means, were
bearing more than their proportion of the burden.
Recruits were being sought out from one end of the cONntry
to the other. While we might be caring handsomely for
our own, there would be great disparity in the relief
extended if all counties did as we were doing. All should
be treated alike. There should be no discrimination. The
only way to attain this end was by affiliation with the
Central Fund, which would secure absolute uniformity in
the handling of all applications for relief. There was but
one answer to such arguments, form a local branch. The
next step was to convince the County Council that such
a course was proper if they were to provide the funds.
This proved an easy task. A local branch was formed,
officered by the county officials, of whom the Warden for
the time being was President; Mr. 'V. G. Wilson, County
Clerk, was Secretary, and Mr. W. J. Shannon, County
Treasurer, served as Treasurer of the branch. The annual
amounts thereafter remitted to the Central Fund at Ottawa
were much more cmnmensurate with the ability of the
county to pay than what had been formerly expended upon
relief work. It is not intended to imply that any needy
cases were being neglected. The applications for relief
were steadily increasing in the same ratio as the recruits
entering the ranks left needy dependents behind them.
It must also be borne in mind that the cost of living was
mounting higher and higher. It is not at all improbable
that some of the facts and figures placed before us by Mr.
Ames convinced us that we were not doing our full duty.
All this took place too at a very critical juncture of the
war. The British troops were fighting upon many fronts.
The Gallipoli campaign was at its height. Serbia had been
irreparably crushed. The submarine was creating havoc
with the allied shipping, and the "Prussian Terror" was
seen in all its frightfulness in Belgium and the occupied

178 WAR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

portions of France. At any rate it seemed that the
psychological hour had arrived for securing from the
County Council a grant that would compare favorably with
what was being done throughout the province. They not
only started in giving liberally, but continued to do so until
the need to give no longer existed. The amount contribut-
ed towards the general fund in 1916 was $18000; in 1917
it was increased to $21608.55, and in 1918 to $22807.64.
The sum of $1900 was forwarded to Ottawa in 1919, mak-
ing a grand total of $64624.83 paid into the general fund.
During the same period $6096.86 was paid in premiums
upon the insurance of soldiers' lives. It is to our credit
that only $50081.13 of this grand total was expended in
relief in our own county. The balance went to the aid of
less fortunate counties or formed a part of the surplus now
being administered as post-war relief. Upon the whole
we have very good reason to be satisfied with what had
been done towards caring for the dependents of the soldiers
in this county. No distressing cases have been brought
to the public notice. The proportion who were in actual
need of help was quite small when compared with other
parts of Canada. For this reason the local committees
administering the fund felt that they could be generous,
but in no case have they been charged with recklessness
or extravagance. It is impossible to estimate the good
that was actually done by the relief afforded, as it was
done quietly and unostentatiously so as not to humiliate
those receiving aid. It was not a case of charity. They
were simply receiving payment of a debt that was justly
due, and every pains was taken to make them feel that such
was the case.
Doubtless there were many :instances of relief extend-
ed of which there is no official record, but the following
is a summary of the moneys passing through the hands
of the local committee and the County Council :-

PATRIO'1'rC FUND AND OTHER RELIEF WORK 179

Disbursed by the local committee before affiliation
with the Patriotic Fund. . . . . .. . . . . .. .. . ..$ 745805
Paid in life insurance premiums during the same
period .................................. 8439 49
Paid to the Patriotic Fund by the County Council 64624 83
Paid in life insurance premiums during the same
period .................................. 6096 86

Grand Total Expended for Relief of
Soldiers' dependents ............. $86619 23

THE SALVATION ARMY
The work of the Salvation Army during the war was
done in such an unostentatious manner that only those
who had opportunities of witnessing it realized what was
being accomplished. From the time war was declared
until the peace treaty was signed, and indeed right on to
the present time,. this organization has lost no opportunity
to help the soldier in every way it could. It was already
in the field, with its patient and self-sacrificing staffs, in
nearly every city and town in Canada, and the new work
undertaken by them did not differ greatly from what they
had been carrying on for years. They simply widened out
and enlarged the field of their operations. It was nothing
new for them to hunt out the sufferers and bring then1
relief, to cheer the despondent and comfort the dying.
They threw themselves into the war work with that
determination to overcome all obstacles that characterizes
all their undertakings.
They realized tha t the signing of the armistice was
the signal for their assuming increased responsibilities.
Politicians had been worrying over the problem of the
returned men. Columns of editorials appeared in the press
warning the readers that we were about to face another
crisis in our history. There were problems it is true.
Some of the returned men would find no home to welcome

180 .WA,R WORK OF LENNOX AND- ADD1NGTON

them. Some would be without means. Some would bring
new, wives to whom eyerything here would be strange.
l\'Iany would be nervous wrecks, and all more or less restless
and unable to settle down to the routine of a civilian life.
A welcome must be found for all. The penniless must be
helped, and the strangers made to feel that they were
among friends who took a kindly interest in them.
Patience, sympathy and good cheer were required from
those who were going to render most assistance in solving
the daily problems that would arise in re-establishing our
discharged soldiers. For this work the Salvation Army
was peculiarly fitted, and a Red Shield Drive, as it was
styled, was planned for January, 1919, for Canada East
Territory, including Ontario, Quebec, and the IVlaritime
Provinces. Over a million dollars was realized. To this
fund the County Council of Lennox and Addington donated
$5000. No one is more capable of appreciating the services
rendered by the Salvation Army after the armistice was
signed than the Citizens' Repatriation League. In com-
mending the wise expenditure of the large fund entrusted
to the army, the officers of the League in their report in
March, 1920, among other things, said :-
"We desire to bear testimony to the wisdom you have
shewn in dealing with soldiers, soldiers' wives and soldiers'
children in trouble. We cannot find words to express our
appreciation of your work, which will, at the same time,
let people realize the thought that you put on each case,
and the care that you exercise in handling the people that
come under your notice. We imagine that no one will ever
realize how much the Salvation Army has done in the
disturbing period through which we are still passing."

THE WILTON MEMORIAL
There was no half-heartedness about the stand taken
during the war by the people in the vicinity of Wilton.
They had an active Red Cross Society, whose record will

PATRIOTrc FUND AND OTH.ER RELIEF WORK 181

be found elsewhere in this volume. They gave freely of
their substance, and also of their flesh and blood; for no
less than twenty-nine of their sons left the farms to join
the army. When the struggle was over and the war-weary
but resolute country lads set their faces homewards, it was
found that for five of their number the last post had
sounded. For five families there was no happy home-
coming, and the arrival of the other twenty-four served
only to tear afresh the healing wounds and revive the pain-
ful memories centering around the five simple crosses in
France marking the last resting place of their loved ones,
who a few short years before had gone forth with buoyant
spirits. The hearts of the neighbors went out to these
sorrowing friends. It was no ordinary loss. They all
realized that it was a sacrifice that should be recognized
by something more than fleeting words of sympathy, no
matter how sincere they might be. A county monument
was being erected in Napanee, but that did not satisfy the
people of Wilton. These were their boys, reared in or near
the village, and they desired a local memorial, an expres-
sion of the love and veneration they cherished in their
hearts for the brave lads who had laid down their lives
for them. Nor were they unmindful of the other twenty-
four who had endured the hardships of war and offered
their lives to the cause of freedom and justice. Accus-
tomed as they had been to the peaceful life upon their
father's farms, it was a long step to the battlefield. To
leave the meadows and harvest fields to take up an abode
in the trenches and dugouts called for a courage of no
slight degree. For these an honor roll should be erected,
and it was decided to combine the memorial to the dead,
and the roll of honor of the returned soldiers in a monu-
ment to be erected in some suitable place in the village.
No sooner was the project conceived than a committee
was appointed to select a site; secure the funds, and pro-
ceed with the work. IVIr. Earl Burt generously donated
the land, beautifully situated in the heart of the village,

182 WAR WORK OF 'LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

beneath the overhanging boughs of several handsome shade
trees that in the autumn days will scatter lavishly about
the monument thousands of those richly coloured emblems
so dear to every Canadian soldier. To secure the means
of carrying on the work was a task almost as easy.
Everyone was in sympathy with the movement and
anxious to help. A sufficient sum was easily raised to pay
for the monument, and to create a fund to ensure that the
plot shall receive proper care for all time. Nothing short
of granite blocks would satisfy the committee of the people
whom they represented, and some delay was occasioned
in getting them. The monument was set in place in the
summer of 1920, and August 17th was the date selected
for the unveiling. The committee that so successfully
carried out the undertaking was composed of the follow-
ing :-N. A. Asselstine, Chairman; Mrs. W. H. Mills, Secre-
tary; Mrs. A. W. Babcock, Miss M. Crawford, Mr. M. Bur-
gess, Mr. C. Davison, Rev. I. H. Latimer, Harvey Mills,
Rev. W. J. Parsons, Milton Parrott and Guy Simmons.
Nothing was left to add to the impressiveness of the
ceremonial, at which the following programme was funy
carried out :-

Opening Selections, by the Band of the R. C. H. A.
Prayer, by Capt. I. H. Latimer, Chaplain to the 14th
Brigade.
Hymn, led by the Band, "0 God Our Help in Ages Past".
Chairman's Address, N. A. Asselstine, Esq.
Unveiling of Monument, by Mrs. Harvey Mills and Mrs.
Fred. Brown.
Hymn, led by the Band, "Lead Kindly Light".
Address, Major A. H. Creegan, Senior Chaplain of First
Canadian Division.
Band Selection.

PATRIOTJ1C FUND AND OTH.ER RELIEF WORK 183

Address, Major General Sir A. C. MacConnell, K.C.B.,
C.M.G., D.S.O., Commander of the First Canadian
Di vision.
"Rule Brittania", led by the Band.
The Last Post.

"God Save The King".

Too much credit cannot be given to the committee and
the people of Wilton for the splendid example they set to
the rest of the county. They took the matter in hand at
the right time, and carried it through with the proper
spirit.
On the side of the monument facing the highway is
the following inscription :-

In Defence of Liberty
Erected in Honor of our Fallen Heroes
Walter Bush, Lieut.
Wm. R. Davey
Herbert Blanchflower
James Hutchison
Harry Smith
1914 1918
Britons Never Shall Be Slaves

On the other side are engra ved the names of the
returned men under the inscription "In Defence of Liberty.
Erected in honor of our returned heroes". The names
appear as follows, in the order of enlistment :-
Wesley Frink, Capt. Walter Swann
Wm. Perry Stanley McDonald
Otto Storms Ruggles Storms
Peter McDonald Peter Thibet
John Buchanan Earl Johnston

184 WA'R WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

Harry Davey
Malcolm Ross
Irving McGaughey
Bernard Davey
Parker Walker
Kenneth Babcocl?
Elbearn Cole

Claude V. Asselstine
Fred Scouten
Percy Shewell
Edwin Cole
Herbert Hodge
Wm. Thompson
Kenneth Martin

At the conclusion of the ceremony refreshments were
served on the adjoining lawn. From the photograph we
are able to publish one can gather a good idea of its impos-
ing character, and the restful position in which it is placed.
The design was well chosen and the workmanship reflects
credit upon the artist who carried it out.

Y. M. C. A.

In no war, in this or any age, were the morals of the
&rmy so carefully guarded as were those of the allies, and
Canada was one of the foremost in devising ways and
means of overcoming the evil influences that, in other
wars, wrecked so many lives. No order threw itself into
this work with greater earnestness than the Young Men's
Christian Association. From the time the young Cana-
dian first donned his uniform until he had again returned
to his home, this splendid organization was at his service,
always ready and willing to help him in every legitimate
way in time of need. It was not a case of loading him
down with good advice and a long list of "don'ts", as some
might suppose, but the officers and attendants of the
association entered into the daily life of the soldier, shared
his trials and hardships and studied how to play the part
of the good Samaritan. To divert his mind from the dark
side of life in the army, manly sports and wholesome re-
creation were provided and, without being prudish or
tiresome, his spiritual welfare was never overlooked. The
sign of the Red Triangle was everywhere to be seen. It

PATRIOTIC FUND AND OTHER RELrEF WORK 185

buoyed him up with refreshments by the wayside as,
grimy and tired, he returned from the trenches. While
in camp there was always a smile and an outstretched hand
awaiting him at the recreation hut and, while on leave in
London, he was not forgotten. In the very heart of the
city was the Beaver Hut, the Y. M. C. A. home for Cana-
dians, where he could leave his kit and secure meals and
a bed at a trifling cost. There were concerts and dances,
.a billiard parlor and reading room, and trips were planned
for him throughout the city or any part of the United
Kingdom.
Accountants and auditors can provide us with accurate
information of the amount that was spent in war service
by the Y. M. C. A. It ran into the millions, and we have
every reason to believe that its funds were expended
wisely and economically; but the good that was accom-
plished cannot be measured in dollars and cents. It may
be that our boys were especially susceptible to good
influences; but it was very comforting to the loved ones at
home to know that the good influences were there. The
burden of anxiety was lifted from many an anxious
mother's heart by the cheering news imparted by the
thousands of letters written on the stationery with the
Red Triangle at the top, and frequently by the hand of
the Red Triangle man. No general appeal for help to this
cause was made in Napanee during the first part of the
war, although a number of citizens had contributed small
sums periodically to a representative sent out for that
purpose. The work carried on had reached such dimen-
sions by 1917 that it could no longer be financed from the
ordinary sources, so a general and systematic canvass
was decided upon. Napanee fell into line. A committee
was formed, with Mr. Frank S. Boyes as Chairman, and
Mr. E. R. Checkley, Treasurer. The campaign was begun
early in June by a mass meeting in the armouries, address-
ed by returned soldiers who had witnessed the good work
carried on by the association. A house-to-house canvass

186 WAR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

followed, similar to that for the British Red Cross, and
conducted for the most by the same workers. The
amount realized was $2060; not a very large sum it is true,
yet a substantial contribution when we bear in mind the
many demands made upon the citizens. At this time, too,
there were some ill-founded criticisms current respecting
the charges made by the Y. M. C. A. for refreshments
supplied at some of its canteens. These criticisms were all
successfully met; but as is frequent the case, the refuta-
tion could not fully overtake the slander, and a certain
amount of mischief was done. In May, 1918, a similar
campaign was conducted under the management of the
same committee, and the more respectable sum of $3000.00
was raised.
During demobolization there was in reality a much
wider field for the activities of the Association than while
the fighting was actually in progress. There was a relax-
ation from the sterner duties of the soldier's life. Larger
numbers were on the move. The personnel of the camps
was constantly changing, and there was a greater tendency
towards restlessness than at any time during the war.
More money was required, and a final drive was launched
in February, 1919. Napanee was prepared to do its part;
but the committee felt that the rest of the county should
also contribute its share, and as a general canvass of the
rural parts was impracticable, it was concluded to apply
to the County Council. That body recognized the great
need for rendering assistance to the cause. The criticisms
that had been made during the former canvasses were
proved to have no foundation; in fact, every returned man
added his tribute to the splendid work of the Association.
One of the most famous of the Canadian war correspond-
ents, wrote :-"If you could bring home to the people of
Canada what I have seen and what it means for our boys,
there would be no more criticism of the "Y"." The Council
also felt that the only fair way of distributing the burden
over the entire county was by a grant from the county,

PATRIOTIC FUND AND OTHER RELIEF WORK 187

and they accordingly levied a special tax of one mill on the
dollar, which realized the magnificent sum of $8457.00.
The total amount contributed to the Red Triangle Fund
without taking into account the individual contributions
prior to 1917, is $13517.00, made up as follows :-

The Napanee Canvass, 1917. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 206000
The Napanee Canvass, 1918................... 3000 00
Voted by the County Council, 1919. . . . . . . . . . . .. 8457 00

$13517 00

188 WAR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

PART IV
IN MEMORIAM

.'Dulce et decorum est pro patria rnori"
Of the boys from the County of Lennox and Addington
who enlisted for service in the War, a goodly percentage of
them were either killed in action or died from wounds
received in battle. To rightly estimate all that their valor,
their courage and their sacrifice meant to the country and
the Empire is an impossible task, and even to state that
which a grateful nation feels is a most delicate and difficult
matter. This is no new experience. Pericles, the Athen-
ian statesman who lived in the third century B. C., in his
funeral oration over the soldiers who had been killed in
the first campaign, is quoted by Thucydides as saying : "I
should have preferred that when men's deeds have been
brave, they should be honored in deed only. Then the
reputation of the many could not have been imperiled on
the eloquence or want of eloquence of one, and their virtues
believed or not as he spoke well or ill. For it is difficult
to say neither too little nor too much; and even moderation
is apt not to give the impression of truthfulness. The
friend of the dead who knows the facts is likely to think
that the words of the speaker fall short of his knowledge
and of his wishes; another who is not so well informed,
when he hears of anything which surpasses his own powers,
will be envious and will suspect exaggeration." But
Pericles with consummate skill succeeded so well in voicing
the nation's gratitude to her fallen heroes, that though
spoken two thousand years ago, it would be difficult to

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.

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to
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.
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l\1.\JOR-(;EXERAL SIR SA;\( HrGHES
Canadian }linister of :\Iilitia During the Period of the War

IN MEMORI.A!M

189

frame more fitting sentiments with which to prefix a
chapter on Our Honored Dead. He says :-

· "Methinks that a death such as theirs has been, gives
the true measure of a man's worth; it may be the first
revelation of his virtues, but is at any rate their final seal.
For even those who corne short in other ways may justly
plead the valor with which they have fought for their
country; they have blotted out the evil with the good, and
have benefited the State more by their public services than
they have injured her by their private actions. None of
these men were enervated by wealth, or hesitated to resign
the pleasures of life; none of them put off the evil day in
the hope, natural to poverty, that a man though poor may
one day become rich. But deeming that the punishment of
their enemies was sweeter than any of these things, and
that they could fall in no nobler cause, they determined at
the hazard of their lives to be honorably avenged, and to
leave the rest. They resigned to hope their unknown
chance of happiness; but in the face of death they resolved
to rely upon themselves alone. And when the moment
carne, they were minded to resist and suffer rather than
to fly and sa,-e their lives; they ran away from the word
of dishonor, but on the battle-field their feet stood fast;
and in an instant, at the height of their fortune, they
passed away from the scene, not of their fear, but of their
glory .
Such was the end of these men; they were worthy of
The Empire, and the living need not desire to have a more
heroic spirit, although they may pray for a less fatal issue.
The value of such a spirit is not to be expressed in words.
Anyone can discourse to you for ever about the advant-
ages of a brave defense, which you know already. But
instead of listening to him, I would have you day by day fix
your eyes upon the greatness of The Empire, until you

· Pericles's memorial <>ration over the Athenian dead of the First
Campaign, as recorded by Thucydides.

190 WAR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

become filled with the love of her: and when you are
impressed by the spectacle of her glory, reflect that this
empire has been acquired by men who knew their duty
and had the courage to do it; who in the hour of conflict
had the fear of dishonor always present to them; and who,
if ever they failed in an enterprise, would not allow their
virtues to be lost to their country, but freely gave their
lives to her as the fairest offering which they could present
at her feast. The sacrifice which they collectively made
was individually repaid to them; for they received again
each one for himself a praise which grows not old, and the
noblest of all sepulchres,-I speak not of that in which
their ren1ains are laid, but of that in which their glory
survives, and is proclaimed always and on every fitting
occasion both in word and deed. For the whole earth is
the sepulchre of famous men; not only are they commemor-
ated by columns and inscriptions in their own country, but
in foreign lands there dwells also an unwritten memorial
of them, graven not on stone, but in the hearts of men.
l\lake them your examples; and esteeming courage to be
freedom and freedom to be happiness, do not weigh too
nicely the perils of war. The unfortunate who has no hope
of a change for the better has less reason to throwaway
his life than the prosperous; who, if he survive, is always
liable to a change for the worse, and to whom any acciden-
tal fall makes the most serious difference. To a man of
spirit, cowardice and disaster coming together are far more
bitter than death striking him unperceived, at a time when
he is full of courage and animated by the general hope.
Wherefore I do not now commiserate the parents of
the dead who stand here; I would rather comfort them.
You know that your life has been passed amid manifold
vicissitudes; and that they may be deemed fortunate who
have gained most honor,-whether an honorable death like
theirs, or an honorable sorrow like yours,-and whose days
have been so ordered that the term of their happiness is
likewise the term of their life. I know how hard it is to

IN !MEMORIAM

191

make you feel this, when the good fortune of others will
too often remind you of the gladness which once lightened
your hearts. And sorrow is felt at the want of those
blessings, not which a man never knew, but which were a
part of his life before they were taken from him. Some of
you are of an age at which they may hope to have other
children; and they ought to bear their sorrow better: not
only will the children who may hereafter be born make
them forget their own lost ones, bu
the city will be doubly
a gainer,-she will not be left desolate, and she will be
safer. For a man's counsel cannot have equal weight or
worth when he alone has no children to risk in the general
danger. To those of you who have passed their prime, I
say: "Congratulate yourselves that you have been happy
during the greater part of your days; remen1ber that your
life of sorrow will not last long, and be con1forted by the
glory of those who are gone. For the love of honor alone
is ever young; and not riches, but honor is the delight of
men when they are old and useless."
To you who are the sons and brothers of the departed,
I see that the struggle to emulate them will be an arduow;
one. For all men praise the dead; and however pre-
eminent your virtue may be, hardly will you be thought, I
do not say to equal, but even to approach them. The
living have their rivals and detractors; but when a man is
out of the way, the honor and good-will which he receives
is unalloyed. And if I am to speak of womanly virtues to
those of you who will henceforth be widows, let me sum
them up in one short admonition: To a woman, not to
show more weakness than is natural to her sex is a great
glory, and not to be talked about for good or for evil among
men."
GEORGE HAROLD ADAIR.
Harold Adair, son of Mr. T. A. Adair, of Tamworth,
was a school-boy in his teens, when the war broke out. He
was anxious to get into khaki, and on three different occa-
sions presented himself at recruiting stations, but was

192 WAR WORK OF DENNOX AND ADDINGTON

rejected each time owing to defective eyesight. He tried
again when the 146th was scouring Frontenac and Lennox
and Addington for volunteers, and was accepted at Syden-
ham. A squad of local boys was driHed there for a few
weeks before being taken to BarriefieId and afterwards to
Valcartier. Harold remained with the Sydenham boys
throughout until they reached England, about the first of
October, 1916. The 146th lost its identity as soon as it
reached the other side of the Atlantic. Some of the batta-
lion y;ere aln10st immediately drafted into the 4th C. M. R.,
while the rest remained for some time with the 95th
Reserì:e Battalion, through whose ranks many of the later
battalions passed and received their final training before
being sent forward to France as reinforcements. 'Vhen
the time arrived for sending out the rest of the 146th, his
defective eyesight stood in the way of his getting into the
fighting line, and to his bitter disappointment he was trans-
ferred to the 2nd Canadian Labor Battalion. For over a
year, this mere lad, who had never known what is was to
ha ve aching muscles and calloused hands, performed his
allotted task keeping pace with the rest of his company.
In March, 1918, he, by some lneans, succeeded in getting
transferred to the 20th Battalion, which had gone through
every battle on the Canadian front since September, 1915.
The change was an agreeable one to him, for while the work
in the Labor Battalion was very essential, and not without
its dangers and excitements, he felt that the rifle was the
working tool of a real soldier. He did not have to wait
long to find a use for it, as the great German offensive was
begun on March 21st, the day following the transfer to the
fighting unit. The German High Command had decreed
that the British were to be driven to the sea, and the Cana-
dians were among the first to go, for they had never been
forgiven for the capture of Vimy Ridge. All the Canadians
saw hard fighting for the next few n10nths, and young
Adair had his full share of it, and gave up his life on the
battlefield on August 8th, 1918.

IN 'MEMORIA..'\1

193

THOMAS M. ADAIR.
Thomas M:. Adair, one of the youngest volunteers from
this county, was born at Tamworth, lived there all his life,
and was a High School student at the time the 146th Batta-
lion was being organized. He left his studies, joined the
home battalion and sailed in August, 1916. He was attach-
ed to different reserve battalions in England, and went to
France with the 38th on March 1st, 1917. He saw active
service in the trenches for eighteen months, and took part
in nearly all of the famous battles in which the Canadians
distinguished themseh-es so nobly. He was with the vic-
torious army in its wonderful drive against the Hindenberg
line during the summer of 1918. On the 10th of August
he was with his gun-crew in an adyanced shell hole and was
with them when moving back, but upon consolidation he
could not be found. His was one of those sad cases in
which the cause and precise time of death are still unknown.
He was later on officially reported dead as of August 10th,
1918.

IBRI BURTON ALKENBRACK.
Ibri Burton Alkenbrack, son of John B. Alkenbrack, of
Can1den East, was born in 1894. He was engaged in teach-
ing school in 1916, but felt that his place was among the
defenders of his country and, leaving his pupils and books
behind him, he enlisted in the early spring at Belleville with
the 80th, and a few weeks later sailed for England with
that battalion. He was not long in the army before his
sterling qualities were recognized and rewarded by rapid
promotion. He arrived in England at a time when the
allies were in great need of reinforcements and in three
months from the time he left Canada he was hurried over
to France and attached to the famous 75th of Toronto. He
was raised to rank of Lieutenant, and was in the thick of
the fight at Vimy Ridge and Passchendaele. He lived to
see the tide of battle turn in favor of the allies, but met a
glorious soldier's death before the final victory. He was

194 WAR 'WORK OF iLENNOX AND ADDINGTON

instantly killed during a spirited engagement on the 2nd
of September, 1918, while leading his company into action.

CLARENCE ALLEN.
Clarence Allen, of Adolphustown, was a young man
twenty-one years of age at the time of his enlistment in
the 146th. He had spent all his life upon the farm, and
had no knowledge of military affairs until he put on the
King's uniform. He was transferred from the 146th to
the 5th Canadian Reserves, and was later attached to the
95th and 20th. He went to England with the 146th in
September, 1916, and remained on duty in England until
April, 1918, when he crossed to France in time to take part
in the great drive against the Germans. On October 11th,
just one month before the armistice was signed, an enemy
machine gun was turned upon him and killed him instantly
while he was operating a Lewis gun.

HAROLD DWIGHT ARNOTT.
Harold Dwight Arnott was born in Napanee, and re-
sided there for four years until his parents,
!Ir. and
lrs.
F. G. L. Arnott, remoyed to Toronto. At the age of twenty-
two he enlisted on October 1st, 1917, with the Royal Flying
Corps, underwent his preliminary training at Long Branch
and Camp Borden and completed his course in Texas under
Capt. Vernon Castle. He sailed for England on April 13th,
1918, and shortly after his arrival he was assigned to the
Independent Air Force. It was with this force as pilot
tha t he engaged in actual warfare for the first tin1e in
France, on August 21st. He had many thrilling adven-
tures in engagements with enemy planes, but escaped
serious injury until October 29th. On that fateful day he
was flying with his squadron of twelve machines over the
German lines, ten miles north of Verdun, where they were
attacked by a Hun Circuit of forty planes, commanded by
Richtofen, the famous German ace. A sharp fight ensued,
lasting about twenty minutes, during which time six

IN MEMORIA1-!

195

German machines attacked the one piloted by Lieut. Arnott.
Despite the great odds five German machines were destroy-
ed while the British lost only three, one of them containing
this former Napanee boy. He handled his machine most
skilfully during the entire engagement, but the tail was set
on fire and it fell to the earth in flames. He was reported
missing in the forlorn hope that he might survive that
awful plunge. but death must have been instantaneous.

SHIRLEY ASSELSTINE.
Shirley Asselstine, No. 835622, was a native of Napa-
nee, where he was born in the year 1898. He was only
eighteen years of age when he enlisted in the 146th, which
was being recruited during the early part of 1916. He
went overseas with this unit and finally reached France in
N oyember of the same year. Throughout the winter the
4th C. M. R.'s, to which he was then transferred, took their
turn in the front line, and were eager after the long cold
winter to get into the spring campaign. The opportunity
soon came, and from Feburary on, little rest was secured
from active warfare. On February 2nd, Shirley Asselstine
was slightly wounded. This necessitated a stay in the
hospital for a few weeks. Returning to his unit in April,
he went immediately into action, and on May 27th, 1917, he
was wounded again and died the same day in the 6th Cas-
ualty clearing station. His remains were interred in the
Barlin Communal Cemetery Extension.

ED'V ARD H. BAKER.
Edward H. Baker was the son of Joseph H. Baker, of
the Township of Sheffield, where he was born and lived
until a few weeks before the outbreak of war, when he went
to \Vestern Canada to seek his fortune and settled in
Saskatchewan. The call to duty proved stronger than the
lure of the West, and in March, 1916, he enlisted with the
214th at Quill Lake. He underwent the ordinary course of
training at Regina and later at Camp Hughes in Manitoba.

196 WAR WORK OF LENNOX AND AÐDJNGTON

He went overseas in April, 1917, and a few weeks after
landing in England, was sent to France with a draft of
reinforcements. The allies were then fighting with their
"backs to the wall" and the Canadian casualty lists were
growing longer day by day. Private Baker was just in
time to take part in that severe fighting which brought
lustre to the Canadian army; but sadness to many a Cana-
dian home. He fell at the battle of Passchendaele on
November 6th, 1917.

HERBERT S. BAKER.
HENRY A. BAKER.
Of all the honored dead from the County of Lennox and
Addington, none had a more promising career than Capt.
Herbert S. Baker. He was a son of Robert H. Baker, of
Napanee, who was represented in the Great \Var by two
sons and one daughter. Both sons laid down their lives for
the cause of humanity. Herbert, the younger, was a B.A.
and B.Sc. of Queen's University, taking the latter degree
in April, 1914. He was not only a cleyer student but a
talented nlusician and a pleasing companion, just that type
of manhood that wins friends and holds them. At the first
call to arms he unhesitatingly turned his back upon his first
professional engagement as a mining engineer and offered
his services to his coun try. He was declined owing to his
physical condition as he had not fully recovered from a
recent surgical operation. He chafed under the delay and
the moment his physician declared hÍIn past the convales-
cent stage, he hastened to Valcartier Camp, arriving the
very day the first contingent left for overseas. In January,
1915, he was commissioned as Second Lieutenant in the
9th Battalion of the Royal Warwickshire Regiment of the
Imperial Army, and in June sailed for the Dardanelles. On
August 9th he was wounded and was the only officer of his
company able to return to duty, and for his bravery on this
occasion was mentioned in despatches and received his
captaincy. He was subsequently invalided to Alexandria,

IN l\IEl\IORIAM

197

but went back into the firing line in December, 1915, and
was in the front line trenches during the evacuation of
Gallipoli. In February, 1916, he left Port Said to join the
column going to the relief of General Townsend. While
engaged upon this expedition he was killed in action on
April 5th, but not until his division had taken five lines of
trenches and reached a point within twenty miles of the
beleaguered garrison.
His brother, Henry, was residing at Calgary at the
outbreak of war and, upon the death of his younger
brother, no force could restrain him from joining the
Canadian army. He enlisted in the 175th of Medicine Hat,
and sailed for England on the 29th September, 1916, with
the rank of Sergeant JVfajor. In the following l'vIay he was
attached to the 31st Reserve Battalion, and with his lieu-
tenant's commission, crossed to France in May, 1917. He
proyed to be a resourceful and popular officer and was
highly esteemed among both officers and men. He took
part in many minor engagements and was at the head of
his company at the battles of Lens and Passchendaele. He
was killed during the latter engagement. His company
had completed the task assigned them by reaching their
objective. The ground over which they were advancing
was torn and pitted with shell holes and a few Germans
were still sniping from concealed positions. As Lieut.
Baker and four or five companions were crossing a pIece
of open ground he was shot through the heart by one of
these snipers. Death was instantaneous.

JOHN LESLIE BALL.
John Leslie Ball was born and lived in the Township
of Vennachar until he was twenty-four years of age, when
he enlisted in the 146th, and sailed for England on Septem-
ber 1st, 1915. After three months' training in the Old
Country, he was sent to France with a draft of reinforce-
ments for the 4th Canadian Mounted Rifles. He shared
the dangers and honors of that splendid battalion and

198 WAR WORK OF iL'ENNOX AND A:DDJJNGTON

escaped with only a slight wound in the head until the
battle of Vimy Ridge, where so many of Canada's best
manhood met their fate. The worst of the fighting was
over, and he was recounting the stirring events of the day
with a companion, when a stray shot wounded him in the
breast. This was not deemed fatal, but sufficiently serious
to require his removal to the Field Hospital. While on
the way to the hospital he was shot again in the abdomen.
This latter proved fatal and he died three days later on the
12th April, 1917.
THOMAS BECK.
Thomas Beck, of Newburgh, was born on the 21st of
December, 1895, and received his education in the schools
of his native village. He possessed the happy faculty of
making and retaining friends, by the simple method of
applying the golden rule in his daily life. When the
special can was made for Lennox and Addington boys to
fill up the ranks of the local battalion, the 146th, he felt it
his duty to go to his country's aid, and accordingly enlisted
in January, 1916. They trained in Canada for over eight
months, a longer period than intervened between the en-
listment of the first contingent and their admission to the
trenches. So thorough was their training in Canada that
they were detained only a few weeks in England in the
95th Reserve Battalion before being sent to France in the
autumn to reinforce the 4th C. M. R. It was no sman
compliment to the Lennox and Addington boys that they
should be drafted into this fighting unit, which belonged
to the Second Division and for over a year had helped to
hold the Germans at bay. There were no heavy battles on
the Canadian front in the winter of 1916-17, but with the
opening of spring they began a determined offensive.
Vimy Ridge was held by the Germans and from it they
dominated a long line of the anies' front, and an efforts to
dislodge them had failed. The Canadians undertook the
task and on the 9th of April won imperishable fame by
driving the enemy from the slope, never to hold it again,

IN MEMORIAM

199

although thousands of lives were sacrificed in the many
attempts that were afterwards made. Private Beck shared
in the glorious victory of that day and received a slight
wound. He soon rejoined his battalion to find many new
faces in the ranks to replace those who had fallen in the
great battle. With the frequent raids and preparations for
another great offensive, the Canadians had little rest during
the summer months, and in the month of October began
another determined attack upon the German front, which
proved to be a long and costly one, and is known in history
as the battle of Pesschendaele. The 4th C.
1:. R. sustained
its reputation for reaching the objective set before it, but
at a heavy cost, and Thomas Beck was among the number
who yielded up their young lives in that great advance.
He fell in battle on the 26th October, 1917.

JAMES H. BELL.
James H. Bell came to Canada from Scotland about
fifteen years ago, a lad of sixteen years, and made his home
on Amherst Island, engaged in fishing. He enlisted with
the Queen's Highland Battalion, and was afterwards in
service with the 164th Canadian Infantry and the 6th Cana-
dian Battery. He crossed to France in March, 1918, and
took part in the drive against the Hindenburg Line, but
was stricken down with influenza and bronchial-pneumonia,
and died in hospital at La Havre on February 8th, 1919.

HERBERT BLANCHFLOWER.
Herbert Blanchflower was an Englishman by birth and
lived in England until he attained his manhood and came to
Canada about thirteen years ago. He was engaged in
farming near Wilton at the outbreak of war, and in the
autumn of 1915 enlisted at Kingston with the 80th. He
sailed for England in April of the following year, and four
months later was forwarded to France with a draft of re-
inforcements. He quickly got into action and was slightly
wounded once, but after treatment at a dressing station he

200 W A'R WORK OF LENNOX A'ND ADDINGTON

returned to the trenches. lIe was in the heavy fighting of
November, and on the 19th of that n10nth was reported
missing. E\-ery effort was made to locate him or obtain
information as to the manner of his death, but to no avail.
He was one of the many "unknown" warriors whose sacri-
fice was signaUy honored by the touching and imposing
ceremo:lial attending the burial of the unknown hero in
Westminister Abbey.

ARTHUR BLAND.
Arthur Bland was a Napanee boy who enlisted in
Toronto, saw preliminary training at Camp Borden, and
then along with his chums proceeded to England. The
little party which had enlisted together was then divided
some going in the 123rd, and others in the 124th. Arthur
Bland, who had been a Sergeant, was, then, like all the rest,
demoted to the position of private, and entered the machine
gun corps, and soon was sent to Divisional Headquarters
staff as machine gun instructor. Along in December a call
came from France for a draft fron1 the 123rd. "'Ve leave
to-morrow", he wrote home. "The boys had a hard time
getting in the draft together, but nothing can part us.
You can fight better you know when your boy friends are
with you, so when the call came for the rest of the boys I
joined with them."
The next morning, Dec. 5th, 1916, they left for France.
All that winter and early summer of 1917 he was in active
service. His end was particularly tragic. He and his com-
panions were on night duty, and by some unknown reason
got detached from their company, and were unable to find
their way back to camp. The next morning the whole ten
were found dead together, with none to tell the manner of
the end.

WILLIAM B. BRANDON.
William B. Brandon was a Richmond boy, son of the
late William Brandon. He was a strong young man of
magnificent physique and well fitted for the life of a soldier.

IN MEMORIAM

201

He enlisted early in the war at Humboldt, Saskatchewan,
with the 46th Battalion. He passed safely through all the
heavy fighting of 1917 until the battle of Passchendaele,
where so many brave Canadians answered the roll call for
the last time. On November 7th, he was sitting beside
the driver of a heavy truck hauling shells up towards the
front line. The Germans had the range of a certain portion
of the road they were obliged to traverse, and were pouring
the shells upon it very rapidly. His companion growing
nervous, Private Brandon offered to relieve him of the
control of the motor. No sooner had they changed places
at the wheel than a fragment of a shell that burst near by
struck him on the head, killing him almost instantly. The
driyer whom he had relieved was not injured. This one
little act of kindness cost him his life and saved that of his
friend.
GORDON BROOKS.
Gordon Brooks was twenty-one years of age at the
time of his enlistment in the 253rd Highland Battalion.
He was born and lived all his life at Wensley, in this county.
He left Canada in April, 1917, and upon his arrival in
England he was attached to the Home Guards and remained
with that regiment for
even Inonths, when he transferred
to the 21st. He was not sent to France until the latter part
of March, 1918, when the Germans were fighting most
desperately in one last effort to break through the
allies' line. He was in the fighting zone less than three
months; but in that short period of time took part in some
of the fiercest fighting in the war. He was killed in action
on June 22nd, 1918.

DA VID LAWSON BROWN.
David Lawson Brown was a poor Scotch immigrant
boy, but was rich in bravery and patriotism and all that go
to make up a true man. Shortly after the war broke out,
while living with Mr. John Arney, in Ernesttown, he en-
listed in the artillery corps at Kingston, but was discharged

202 WAR WORK OF LENNOX AND AJDDINGTON

on account of being under age. He then went to live with
Mr. A. B. Emmons, of Odessa, and a year later, although
only seventeen years old, he joined the 146th, and went
overseas with that unit and in due course was drafted into
the 4th C. M. R. He served with this battalion for nearly
two years in France, and took part in some of the bloodiest
battles of the war, and met with no serious mishap until
the Canadians had smashed the German lines. On Septem-
ber 29th, 1918, he received a severe gunshot wound in the
chest and was removed to the Military Hospital at Dover,
England. He lived to receive the good news that the allies
had completely vanquished their enemies, but finally suc-
cumbed on the last day of the year, and was buried in St.
James' Cemetery at Dover. Although only nineteen years
old at the time of his death, he did a man's work, died a
glorious death and fills a soldier's grave.

CHARLES BURGESS.
Charles Burgess was a native of Camden, but was
residing in Napanee at the time of his enlistment, and had
been a resident of the town for two years. He was of a
retiring disposition, but quickly responded to the call of
duty and enlisted and went overseas with the 21st, a regi-
ment that fought valiantly in many a battle, and had a
very long death-roll. He crossed to France in the autumn
of 1915, and spent the following winter at the front, under-
going all the discomforts and hardships of life in the
trenches. He did not live to take part in any of the great
engagements, as he was killed by a sniper's bullet on April
9th, 1916. He did his part and did it willingly and well,
and now rests with many of his companions in arms in a
military cemetery in France.

WALTER CLARENCE BUSH.
Walter Clarence Bush was born near Wilton, in the
Township of Ernesttown, in 1892. He enlisted with the
146th, and was speedily promoted to the rank of Lieuten-

IN MÐMORI.M.1

203

ant. On reaching France he joined the 3rd Battalion of
the Canadian Expeditionary Force, and was with them
until his death, which occurred on April 29th, 1917. His
commanding officer, in commenting upon his death, wrote
as follows :-"He was in his dug-out with his Company
Commander. This was located near some 4..5 howitzer
batteries, and the Germans started shelling one of these
positions during which one of the shells fell short and hit
the dug-out. He was taken out unconscious and lived until
the next day, but never regained consciousness. We buried
him in the cemetery at Aubigney, and his grave is marked
with our battalion cross. He had been with us six months,
and was always a very gallant officer and soldier. He was
a fellow I could absolutely rely on, and his work on April
9th in taking Vimy Ridge was fine. He was always willing
and keen to go first. We all feel his death deeply, and his
loss is a great one to the Battalion."
Lieutenant Bush was respected and esteemed by all
who knew him, being especially a favorite with the boys in
his home district, where he was Scout Master of the Boy
Scouts at Camden East. To his family his chaplain wrote
these comforting words :-"He leaves such a good record
in this Battalion for faithful work and cheerful devotion
and comradeship that he will be greatly missed."

KENNETH CAMBRIDGE.
Kenneth Cambridge enlisted in the Army Service
Corps at Kingston, and was afterwards transferred and
promoted to the rank of Lieutenant in the Royal Field
Artillery. He went to France in February, 1916, and spent
over two years in the fighting zone. He took part in all the
great battles in which the Canadians were engaged during
this period and won the l\iilitary Cross at Passchendaele,
and was subsequently mentioned in despatches for his con-
spicuous bravery. On the 26th March, 1918, he was
engaged with his battery, resisting a very determined
attack of the enemy. The battery horses were tethered

2()4 WAR 'WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

about fifty yards behind the guns, and Lieut. Cambridge
went over to tell the drivers to move back to a more shelter-
ed spot. While so engaged a shel1 burst a few yards from
him, killing him instantly. He was buried in the evening
by two of his friends and fellow officers. One of these
friends in writing to his family, paid him this magnificent
tribute :-"It was a terrible blow to everyone in the Divi-
sion, and he will be terribly missed, as he was undoubtedly
the best subaltern in the Division."

ARTHUR CARROLL.
Arthur Carroll, the son of Joseph and l\Iary Carroll,
was born at Sandhurst, on February 7th, 1894. He had
no experience in military matters, and although he might
very well have found sufficient reasons for not entering the
army, he turned his back upon all the inducements to
remain at home, and enlisted at Kingston in the 146th, on
the 25th January, 1916. He was sent to France in the
autumn of the same year with draft reinforcements for the
4th Canadian l\tlounted Rifles. This regiment of famous
fighters worried the Germans by their persistent raiding
all winter long and won great distinction at Vimy Ridge.
Their losses in this battle were heavy, and Private Carroll
was among the fallen. He was severely wounded on the
27th of May, 1917, and died of his wounds the same day,
shortly after his admission to the base hospital.

GUY CHAPMAN.
The following letter tells the story of how Guy Chap-
man, a boy born and reared in Napanee, went to his death:

June 8th, 1915.
"Dear Madam, your letter of May 15th to hand. I can
give you some particulars of the death of your brother,
Corp. Guy Chapman, as I was with him all the time during
the attacks on our trenches by the Germans, and I was
with him when he died.

IN :MEMORIAM

205

The platoon in which Corp. Chapman was a section
commander was in reserve dug-outs, about 200 yards behind
the firing line when the Germans began an attack by send-
ing over gas. We were awakened about 4.30 a.m., and sent
over to support the men there who needed help. When we
arrived in the trenches our platoon proceeded into trenches
vacated by the regiment on our left, to protect the flank of
our battalion. At this point the enemy was about 75 yards
away, and were coming across in large parties and occupy-
ing the trench thus vacated. During the time we held this
position Corporal Chapman did splendid work, sniping at
the enemy and keeping a look-out. The enemy attacked
several times, but was repulsed, and it was during one of
the attacks that Corp. Chapman was hit. I was standing
next to him, and we were both firing over the parapet, when
I heard him call that he was hit.
The platoon commander and myself examined him and
found a bullet had entered his left side and travelled across
his lungs. '\Ve bandaged him up, but in about twent
T
minutes he died. He was buried behind the trench at
Gravenstofie. Yours. etc.,

LC. CORP. G. H. YOUNG,
8th Battalion 90th Rifles.

A USTIN DORLAND CLARK.
Austin Dorland Clark was born at Enterprise and spent
most of his life in his native Township of Camden, where he
learned the trade of a blacksmith. His first military train-
ing was received under the late Colonel Cox. He enlisted
at MarIbank in the 155th of Hastings County, and after the
usual preliminary training in Canada and in England, went
to the front in Decen1ber, 1916. He spent the winter in the
trenches, taking part in a number of minor raids upon the
positions of the enemy. His first heavy engagement was at
Vimy Ridge, where he fell in action on the 9th April. No
particulars of his death have been received.

-206 WAR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

EDWARD F. CORKILL.
Edward F. Corkill, son of E. J. Corkill, Public School
Inspector, was one of the most likeable boys who went from
the county. At the time of his enlistment he was a student
in Theology at Queen's University, and had ingratiated
himself with all classes. He was not only a good student,
quick to learn and thorough in his mastery of details, but
his exemplary life and deep interest in all matters affecting
university life won for him the esteem of both faculty and
students. Upon the organization of Queen's Battery, he
was one of the first to volunteer for ser.rice, and as Bom-
bardier Corkill he sailed for England in February, 1916.
He continued in training in England until the following July
when he was sent across the channel to the front. He lived
to take part in only one important engagement, the Battle
of the Somm.e, where he was killed by a shell while taking
part in a fierce artillery duel with the German guns. A
largely attended memorial service was held in the Presby-
terian Church at Napanee.

AMOS ROY DAFOE.
Amos Roy Dafoe, son of J. M. Dafoe, of Flinton, was
born on the 28th September, 1894. In order to encourage
enlisting, the policy of the 146th was to train the local men
as long as practicable in the vicinity of their homes. This
was put in practice at Flinton, the home village of Private
Dafoe, who underwent his first four months of military
training within sight of his father's house. In the Spring
of 1916 the different parts of the 146th were assembled for
the first time at Barriefield, where they trained until mid-
summer and were then moved to Valcartier. He sailed
with his battalion to England in September, and was trans-
ferred to the 4th C. M. R. and went to France, and on the
24th of November had his baptism of fire in the front line
trenches. During the winter he took part in many raids
and shareà the dangers and hardships of trench life, which
at its best was severe enough. He was one of the many

IN MEMORIAM

207

young Canadians whose last resting place is marked by that
beautiful monument at Vimy Ridge. He fell on April 6th,
1917, during that memorable battle.

WILLIAM ANDREW DAFOE.
William Andrew Dafoe, of Flinton, enlisted in January,
1916, in the 146th, and underwent the customary drill at
Barriefield and Valcartier, and crossed to England in the
early autumn. He did not have to wait long before he
reached the firing line, as he was among the first to be
drafted from his battalion to fill up the ranks of the 4th
C. M. R., which had sustained very heavy losses. There
were no great battles in the Canadian sector during the
winter that followed, but the Canadians had already de-
veloped a reputation for raiding the enemy's lines, and this
sort of warfare was very annoying to the Germans, but
helpful to the attacking army. Valuable information was
obtained and what was of greater importance, the subordin-
ate officers and privates were given an opportunity to act
upon their own initiative and bring out the best there was
in them. Private Dafoe took part in many of these night
attacks, and proved himself to be a true soldier.
With the opening of Spring the Canadians were
assigned the task of capturing Vimy Ridge, which they
accomplished with heavy losses. Dafoe came safely
through this battle, but fell on April 29th, when his batta-
lion was following up the advantage they had gained, and
were consolidating the captured territory with their line of
defence. He was carried wounded from the field and died
four days later in the 13th Stationary Hospital.

FRANK DAVERN.
Frank Davern was born at Napanee, on 22nd January,
1898. He spent his life in his native town, and was in the
matriculation class at the Collegiate Institute when he en-
listed on May 4th, 1915, at seventeen years of age. He had
previously taken instructions in signalling and had made

208 WAR WORK OF ,LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

such progress that he was ,sent to Petawawa to complete
his course. The 21st was short of signallers on the eve of
embarking for overseas and accepted young Davern, al-
though he was under military age. After training at East
Sandling, he went to France with his battalion in Septem-
ber, 1915, and remained with it until fatally wounded on
August 17th, 1917. He was awarded the military medal
for his conspicuous bravery at the battle of Courcelette.
Rev. Chaplain W. E. Kidd wrote to his mother after the
battle as follows :-"He did wonderfully good work, and
you TI1ay well be proud of him. During the battle in which
our brigade and the 21st did such good work and, where it
'.vas so necessary to preserve communication with the first
line, Frank \vorked very hard under heavy fire and the
lines were kept intact nearly all the time. I heard many
references by the officers to Frank's work in carrying out
the task."
His captain wrote :-"In your son we have lost one of
the finest soldiers and men it has been my pleasure to know.
Brave and, I might say, almost reckless to a degree, his
was an inspiring example." He died at the 22nd Casualty
Clearing Station two days after receiving his fatal wound.

WILL ROY DAVEY.
Will Roy Davey was born in North Dakota, of Cana-
dian parents who, when he was still a babe, returned to
their natiye county on the old Davey homestead, at 'Vilton.
When he was seventeen years of age the family went West
again; but this time to Central Saskatchewan, where Will
became one of the most progressive citizens of the district
in which he lived. He took a deep interest in the welfare
of the community, particularly in the schools, and when a
teacher could not be procured he took charge of the school
himself for months at a time.
As soon as he saw that the war was likely to be a
bitter and protracted one, he began to put his affairs in
order. He enlisted in December, 1914, in the 1st Canadian

EN MEMORIAM

209

:Mounted Rifles, .çind landed at Plymouth on June 30th, 1915,
the first of the family to set foot in England since' his
grandfather, ninety-nine years before, sailed for Canada
from the same port. He went to France with his unit in
October, and for over two years he did his part in keeping
the enemy at bay, and in January, 1918, was invalided to
England. Upon being discharged from the hospital he de-
clined an opportunity to join a noncombatant unit, but was
transferred to the 8th Battalion of Winnipeg, otherwise
known as the Little Black Devils. July found him back
in the trenches again and for the next three months he
fought with a lighter heart; for it was evident that the
enemy was at last overpowered, and the final victory was
not far removed. A comrade-in-arms wrote of him that he
was an excellent soldier and absolutely without fear and
yolunteered for the most hazardous undertakings. His
last five nights on earth were spent in scouring No-Man's-
Land for intelligence of the enemy's movements and posi-
tion and in so doing, the scouting party frequently crawled
to the very parapet of the German trench. After having
spent the night upon such an expedition he was resting
in his dugout on October 15th, and carne out to make a
pot of tea, when he was struck by a shell and instantly
killed, and was the last one of his battalion to fall in battle

FRANK DAVY.
Frank Davy was following the peaceful pursuit of a
farmer, near Enterprise, but left his family in the winter
of 1916-17, at a time when he could have claimed exemption
from military service had he chosen to do so. He enlisted
with the 254th at Belleville. This battalion was broken up
to reinforce those that were already at the front, and he
was transferred to the 21st, and was sent to the fighting
line early in November, 1917. He did his share of raiding
during the winter and soon acquired a reputation for
daring and coolness and was always ready to volunteer his
services no matter what risk was involved. He was

'210 W'AR WORK OF LENNox AND ADDrNGTON

engaged in the battle of Passchendaele, and was severely
wounded in the shoulder, and for his bravery upon this
occasion he was mentioned in despatches. He was taken
from the field on the 8th of August, and received first aid,
and all the attention that the Medical Corps could render
to a brave soldier, but died in Southampton Hospital, on
August 12th.
LORNE DAWSON.
To die upon the field of battle before attaining seven-
teen years of age, speaks volumes for the devotion to high
ideals and the true patriotism of Lome Dawson, formerly
of the Township of Ernesttown. He enlisted in the
Autumn of 1915, with a full knowledge of the hardships
and dangers that lay before him, for at this time the Cana-
dians had taken part in many a hard fought battle, and the
casualty lists were growing larger at an alarming rate.
The enemy was slowly adding to the captured territory
upon many fronts. The outlook for the allies was not
promising, and the call for help was loud and insistent.
This lad, scarcely beyond his school boy days, heard the
call and promptly responded by joining the 59th. He
trained at Brockville and Kingston, and went overseas in
time to take part in the heavy fighting of the summer of
1916. His letters from the front were bright and hopeful,
although written amid scenes from which an untried youth
would naturally shrink. Although a boy in years, he was
a man in the ranks and true to the uniform he wore. He
died the death of a soldier upon the field of honor on the
16th September, 1916, in what has been styled Great Brit-
ain's greatest effort of the war, the Battle of the Somme.

ERNEST A. DENNEE.
Ernest A. Dennee was a native of Amherst Island, and
lived there nearly all his life, but at the time of his enlist-
ment was engaged at the Cement Works at Point Anne.
He enlisted in the 155th and went overseas in October, 1916,
and was afterwards transferred to the 2nd Battalion. In

IN MEMORIAM

211

December of the same year he was sent to France. He
was of that hardy type of manhood which seems to be
characteristic of so many of the young men of Amherst
Island, and was well fitted for the life of a soldier. He was
with the Canadians in four of their most brilliant achieve-
ments, the battles of Vimy Ridge, Fresnoy, Hill 70 and
Passchendaele. He saw very hard fighting in the first two
of these engagements, but came through both without any
serious mishap. He received a shrapnel wound at Hill 70,
but recovered from it and went back into the front line to
receive his mortal wound at Passchendaele on January 29th,
1918. He died at Queen Mary's Hospital, England, on
February 8th, and was buried at Brookwood cemetery.

MEACHAM DENYES.
Meacham Denyes was born at Newburgh, on the 7th
February, 1899, but, at the time of his enlistment, his home
was at :Milton. He successfully passed his matriculation
examination in June, 1915, and was still pursuing his stud-
ies during the war, regretting that he was too young to
join the army and participate in the defence of his country.
He chafed under this restraint of age until he was finally
accepted in the 164th, a Halton and Dufferin Battalion, at
a time when there was a great demand for reinforcements,
and the recruiting officer was not disposed to enquire too
carefully into the date of birth. He went overseas in April,
1917, and was detained in the training camps in England
until the following March, when he was sent to France to
reinforce the 102nd. He arrived just in time to take part
in those terrible battles during the summer of 1918, the
fiercest and bloodiest the world has ever seen. Now that
we are at peace again it seems inconceivable that young
students barely on the threshhold of manhood should take
part in such indescribable carnage, but face it they did,
with the coolness and courage of scarred veterans. On
September 2nd, 1918, while fighting with the victorious
Canadians at Arras he was killed in action.

212 WiA
WORK OF'..LENNOX A!ND ADDINGTON

WALTER P. DETLOR. '
Walter P. Detlor was the younger son of the late Perry
Detlor, of the Township of Fredericksburgh. He was
eighteen years of age, and in attendance at Queen's Uni-
versity at the time of his enlistment. He joined the 38th
at Kingston, and went overseas in May, 1915, with draft
reinforcements for the Princess Patricia Canadian Light
Infantry. That famous battalion composed very largely
of men who had seen service, had already sustained heavy
losses, and it was with these hardened veterans that this
young student's lot was cast. He had been only three
lTIonths in uniform when he was sent to France and engaged
at once in trench warfare, and although he had never known
what exposure and hardship meant, his letters to his
friends at home were bright and cheerful. The task he
had undertaken was a heavy one, but he was fully alive to
the fact that the cause for which he was fighting was a
righteous one, and even if he yielded up his young life, it
was' in answer to his country's call. For nine months he
bore up bravely and proudly doing his full share of the
work assigned to him. He fought with his battalion
through the terrible struggle at Ypres, and on the 19th of
April, 1916, while on sentry duty fell a victim to a German
bullet and died of his wound two days later, in the clearing
station. A largely attended memorial service in Hawley
Church bore witness to the esteem in which he was held by
those who knew him best.

GEORGE F. DRACUP.
There was no branch of the service so fascinating to
the venturesome young Canadian as the Flying Corps, and
none called for steadier nerves or greater resourcefulness.
No country in the war contributed a greater percentage
of the soldiery to the aviation units than Canada. Life at
Roblin for twenty-eight years would not appear to be a
suitable schooling for the daring life of an aviator; but the
example of Lieut. Geo. F. Dracup demonstrated that a

1.."'l ,14EMORlAM

213.

man's surroundings are no indication of what is in the man.
Re enlisted at Victoria with the Royal Flying Corps, and
in due course received his commission as an observation
aviator. He was attached to Flight Squadron No. 42, and
did good service over the German lines. On July 28th,
1917, while flying over the enemy's territory, he was killed
by an auti-airchaft shell.

JAi\IES HENRY DUNN.
If all the farmers' sons of Lennox and Addington who
went overseas could have been brought together in one
body, they would have made a magnificent battalion. W.
G. Dunn, of Camden East, would have been credited with
two of the finest members,-John C., who joined the 53rd
Battery, and James Henry, who enlisted in the 146th. The
latter trained with his battalion at Barriefield and Valcar-
tier, crossed to England in September, 1916, and was placed
in the 95th Reserves until he was drafted into the Fourth
Canadian Mounted Rifles. In December he had his first
experience in trench warfare. We often heard the ques-
tion asked :-"How, in the course of a few months, could
the young Canadians accustomed to the quiet life of the
farm, be transformed into such experts, that the Germans
on the other side of No-l\Ian's-Land, trained from boyhood
in military exercises, were in mortal dread of what was
coming next?" The answer is simple enough :- The for-
mer were bright, intelligent youths who, when the oppor-
tunity presented, acted upon their own initiative; the latter
were parts of a machine moving only upon the word of
command. All winter long this Camden boy was engaged
in this deadly game of raiding the enemy's trenches, cap-
turing a few prisoners and acquiring information prepara-
tory for the task assigned them, the capture of Vimy Ridge.
He took part in this, the greatest of all Canadian victories,
and came through unscathed. For over a year the Ger-
mans made repeated efforts to regain this strategic
position; but the Canadians held it firmly, though in so

14 ,WAR WORK OF I.JENNOX AND ADDINGTON

doing many precious lives were lost. Among the number
was Private Dunn, who died on May Slst, 1917, of wounds
received in defending that which for all time will be re-
garded by our countrymen as sacred ground; for at its
base are sleeping thousands of our noblest sons, and
surmounting it is an imposing cross commemorating their
sacrifice.
WILFRED DWYER.
Wilfred Dwyer was born in the Township of Camden,
and lived in this county until he was fifteen years of age,
and for three years before entering the army he was
engaged as a bookkeeper in Kingston. The 146th, which
was a local battalion, appealed to him, as there were many
boys in it from Camden and Sheffield, who had been his
former companions. He enlisted at Kingston with this
unit, and after going overseas, he was for a time attached
to the 80th, which contained many local men, and he after-
wards saw service with the 124th Canadian Pioneers. He
underwent a thorough course of training in England and
crossed to France in March, 1917. Life in the trenches
that year was quite tolerable, so far as living conditions
were concerned, as experience had taught the soldiers how
to obviate many of the difficulties they encountered in the
early part of the war; but the fighting was of a most des-
perate character. The Germans realized that they would
soon be outnumbered and made every effort to break
through the line before the full force of the Americans
was thrown against them. The Canadian forces received
their full share of the sledge hammer blows. The world
had never witnessed such hurricanes of shells. Private
Dwyer passed safely through it all until the battle of
Passchendaele, which brought sorrow to so many Canadian
homes. He fell on November 15th, and died in the
Casualty Clearing Station.

BRUCE W. FAIRBAIRN.
A bright young lad of nineteen years, Bruce Fairbairn

IN MEMORIAM

21:;

left his home in Camden to seek his fortune: in the West.
He was performing homestead duty in Saskatchewan at
the outbreak of war. As soon as he could manage his
business affairs, he quit the farm and joined the 1st Cana-
dian Mounted Rifles at York ton. He sailed with his batta-
lion in l\iay, 1915, and trained for four months in England
before he was sent to France. The winter of 1915-16 was
one of great hardship for the men in the trenches. Cor-
poral Fairbairn was strong and rugged and was in every
respect an ideal soldier. He cheerfully did his duty, and
was always ready for any venturesome undertaking. He
was known to have fought valiantly with his company at
Sanctuary Wood, where they were engaged with the enemy
from the 2nd to the 5th of June, 1916. After the engage-
ment he did not answer to the roll call and few of his
immediate companions survived the battle. No informa-
tion concerning him was obtainable, and he was reported
missing, and later on was officially reported dead. In the
following year his younger brother fell a victim of German
treachery.
HAROLD A. FAIRBAIRN.
Harold Fairbairn was a mere lad of eighteen years
when he enlisted with the 146th. He was the son of a
farmer near Centreville, and, although farm hands were
very scarce, he felt that there was a greater need for
soldiers. He reached England in September, 1916, and in a
few few weeks was sent to France to reinforce the 4th C.
M. R. He passed safely through the terrible bombardment
at Vimy Ridge and advanced with the victorious Canadians
to take possession of the captured German trenches. He
was in company with another Camden boy, Laverne Huff-
man, and upon entering a German dug-out they found two
Germans. They were awaiting the two Camden boys, and
one of them aimed his rifle at Private Fairbairn. He re-
turned the fire, but as he did the German's bullet took effect
and the young Camden hero fell dead. Retribution follow-
ed quickly. His friend, Huffman, avenged his companion's

'216 WAR WORK OF LENNOX AN.D ADDINGTON

death. He took no' chances with the treacherous Huns,
who doubtless would bave 'been glad to surrender as his
prisoners, although they were two to one. He shot and
killed them both.
, HAROLD P. FAIRBAIRN.
Harold P. Fairbairn, son of Peter Fairbairn, of New-
burgh, showed from his early youth a decided inclination
for mechanics, and, passing the Junior Leaving examina-
tion at Newburgh Academy, and matriculating at McGiJI,
he spent two years in the machine shops of the Canada
General Electric Co., at Montreal. With this preliminary
practical training he entered Queen's in 1908 and graduated
as a Bachelor of Science in 1912. He rounded off his train-
ing with the Westinghouse Co., at Hamilton, and received
his diploma as an Electrical Engineer in 1913. After the
outbreak of the war he was engaged as draughtsman and
designer with the Bertram Munition Works. Although he
was doing excellent war work in this position it seemed to
him to be too far removed from the scene of actual war-
fare, so in the spring of 1916 he joined the 5th Pioneers,
which corps appealed to him as affording scope for his
professional acquirements. He was subsequently drafted
into the 24th Battalion and went to France in December.
He strictly respected the orders of the censor and very little
information was received of his experiences at the front,
other than that he was on duy until the battle of Hill 70.
He was reported missing on August 15th, 1917. In his
death Canada lost an exceptionally bright and persevering
young citizen.
A. ROY FENWICK.
A. Roy Fenwick, a young farmer of Enterprise, enlist-
ed with the 254 th, and was afterwards drafted in the 21st,
with which latter battalion he saw service in France from
the 5th September, 1917, until the time of his death. He
participated in the battle of Amiens, was raised to the rank
of Lance Corporal, and was awarded the Distinguished
Conduct Medal for his gaJIant conduct in the battle of

IN MEMORIAM

217

Arras, where he met his death on August 25th, 1918. In a
letter to his mother, l'flrs. G. H. Fenwick, his commanding
ófficer wrote : "Your late son was one of six whose gallant
conduct in action on August 8th, east of Amiens, was
recognized by the award of Distinguished Conduct Medal.
It is a matter of the keenest regret to us all that he was not
spared to wear this coveted decoration, the D.C.M., being
the senior decoration awarded to Warrant Officers, Non-
Commissioned Officers, and men for gallantry and devotion
to duty under fire. Private A. McPhee, who was with hinl
in the fight at An1iens, was also awarded the D.C.M. Poor
chap, he was most severely wounded later in the action, and
is now lying in a base hospital minus both legs. The work
of the deceased and McPhee was outstanding. They
advanced and handled one of the Lewis guns of their
platoon with skill and determination, and were directly
responsible for the destruction of many of the enemy,
which, after all, is the only justification of the price we
often have to pay. He gave wholeheartedly his best to the
cause for which he enlisted, and the example he set is
constantly before his comrades."

DANIEL FERGUSON.
Daniel Ferguson was a Napanee boy, and was engaged
as a teamster, and, while "c" Company of the 80th was
quartered in town he enlisted and spent the winter in the
armouries here. He went with his battalion to England in
April, and on June 13th, 1916, was attached to the 102nd
in the fighting zone in France. In October of the same
year he received a shrapnel wound in the back and was
admitted to No. 11 Field Ambulance Hospital, but quickly
recovered and was soon back in the trenches again. His
comrades all speak of him as a good soldier, ready and
willing to perform any duty assigned to him. He made the
supreme sacrifice on the 6th June, 1917. His fellow towns-
man, Harold Brown, was with him at the battle of Vimy
Ridge and reports that he was instantly killed in action.

218 WAR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

AGNES FLORIEN FORNERI.
. Agnes Florien Forneri, the eldest daughter of Rev.
C
non R. S. Forneri, for many years Rector of the Parish
of Adolphustown, went overseas as a Nursing Sister in
:March, 1917, served for three months on the staff of
Kitchener :Memorial Hospital at Brighton, and was then
transferred to the 8th Canadian General Hospital at St.
Cloud, in France. The strain upon the Medical Corps was
particularly heavy at this time, but she remained on duty
until February, 1918, when she was invalided to England.
After a month's rest she resumed her duties at Bramshott
Canadian Military Hospital. Her desire and ambition to
lose no time in the work of mercy in which she was engaged
were greater than her strength to perform it. She suffered
a relapse in a few weeks' time and died on April 24th, 1918.
Truly it may be said of her, she died for Canada ; died
peacefully and with no regrets for the sacrifice she was
making. She was buried with full military honors in the
church yard at Bramshott, and over her grave there stands
a marble cross, erected in loving memory of her sweet
character and unswerving patriotism by the matron and
nurses of the hospital in which she died.

DAVID ALWYER FORNERI.
David Alwyer Forneri spent the first sixteen years of
his life at Adolphustown, where his father was Incumbent
of the Anglican Church. At the time of his enlistment he
was a clerk in the Merchants Bank at Montreal. As a
private he entered the 14th Battalion at the outbreak of
war and went overseas with that great Canadian Armada
that carried the First Contingent to Portsmouth. He was
afterwards transferred to the 73rd Battalion of Royal
Highlanders and was rapidly promoted to the rank of Lieu-
tenant. He took part in the battles of St. Julien, Given-
chy, Messines, The Somme, and Vimy Ridge. At St. Julien
he was severely wounded in the thigh and received severe
shrapnel wounds in his right arm at Messines. On March

I
i MEMORI'M1

219

18t,-1917, at Vimy Ridge he was selected to lead his platoon
in an extensive bombing raid. He met his death while
bombing two machine guns in the enemy lines. A brother
officer wrote of him: "He died as he had lived, a true
soldier and gallant gentleman, beloved and respected by
officers and men." His body was never recovered. His
commanding officer, writing of him, said : "Since he has
been in this battalion he did splendid work. He was one of
the most trusted officers. His loss is a great blow to the
battalion and to myself." He had two sisters overseas,
one of whom died in service.

JOSEPH FORTIER.
Joseph Fortier was a French Canadian, the son of a
farmer at FIinton, where he was born and lived until he
enlisted with the 146th in the autumn of 1915. He went
overseas with the County Battalion in September, 1916, and
two months later was sent to France with a draft of rein-
forcements for the 4th C.:M.R. He belonged to a fighting
family, as his two brothers were with him in France, all
fighting at' the same time in the front line trenches.
Edwin, the youngest, enlisted with the 39th, and his elder
brother, Alfred, forty years of age, left his wife and little
ones in far away British Columbia, to do battle for the
Empire. Joseph saw only five months of actual warfare,
as he was killed in action at Vimy Ridge on April 9th, 1917.
His parents are justly proud of the record of their three
sons. They all volunteered for service before the Military
Service Act came in force. Two' of them, Joseph and
Alfred, could have secured exemption from service had they
desired to do so. Owing to their French Canadian descent
they felt that they had a double call to serve, and they
gladly responded to the call.

DA VID ROY FOSTER.
No class of young men throughout all Canada respond-
ed to the call more readily than the clerks in our numerous

220 WAR WORK OF, LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

banks. One of the largest of these, which contributed
over thirteen hundred soldiers to the army, published select-
ed extracts from their letters ; and the annals of the war
furnish no more interesting reading than these sidelights
upon life in the trenches. Young Foster was not by birth
a native of this county, but belonged to Bracebridge. He
was stationed at Enterprise, a member of the staff of the
local branch of the Royal Bank. He resigned his position
April 30th, 1915, came to Napanee the next day and enlist-
ed in the 39th under Lieut. R. G. H. Travers, the manager
of the Napanee branch of the same bank. He trained for
some time in Napanee, and afterwards in Belleville, and
went overseas with his battalion. Upon reaching France
he was assigned to the Machine Gun Section. He bore his
full share of the fighting in the struggle centering upon the
Ypres salient, and in one of the later battles was reported
"missing" . No particulars were ever received throwing
any light upon how he met his death. A tablet to his
memory has been placed in the branch at Bracebridge,
where he first entered the service of the bank.

ALFRED FOX.
Alfred Fox was born and lived for twenty years at
Newburgh, but at the time of enlistment was a farm
laborer near Hawley. He joined the 146th at Kingston,
and went overseas in September, 1916. A great many
from this battalion were drafted out to reinforce the 4th
Canadian Mounted Rifles. He was among the number, and
was sent over to France on November 1st. He saw one
year of very heavy fighting, as the year 1917 was a very
severe one upon the Canadian army and our casualty lists
grew longer and longer as the months advanced. He came
safely through many engagements, but fell with hundreds
of his comrades-in-arms at Passchendaele on October 28th,
1917.
EARL BRUCE GALBRAITH.
Earl Bruce Galbraith was born and brought up on a

IN

MORIAM

221

farm at Colebrook and was a student at Queen's University
in the spring of 1917 when he enlisted in the Army Service
Corps. He sailed for England in April, and after three
months further training was sent to France. He entered
the fighting zone at a time when the contrast between the
peaceful life on a farm and the awful carnage he witnessed
on every hand was enough to strike terror into the strong-
est hearts. By some providential means, the young Cana-
dians, strangers to suffering, bloodshed and cruelty, seemed
to rise to the occasion and preserve their self-control under
most trying conditions. Such was the experience of Cor-
poral Galbraith. For four months he endured the hard-
ships of the battlefield, for it was one continuous battle
all summer long, culminating in that death-dealing
struggle, the battle of Passchendaele. He was carried from
the field on the 30th October, severely wounded in the right
shoulder. He died three days later in the 44th Clearing
Station Hospital.
FRED R. GARRISON.
Fred. R. Garrison was born near Napanee in 1887.
Such progress as he made in life was due to his own per-
sonal efforts, for at an early age he had to strike out for
himself. Through his application and integrity he attained
the responsible position of head time-keeper of the Spanish
Riyer Pulp and Paper Co., which position he resigned in
the spring of 1916, and enlisted at Sault Ste. Marie in the
227th Battalion. His superior qualifications soon secured
for him the position of Paymaster Sergeant. After the
usual training in Canada he was sent to England in the
following spring. He was anxious to reach the front and
as the prospect of doing so seemed better in the Imperial
Army than in the Canadian he reverted to the rank of
private, joined an English regiment and was sent to the
front in the autumn of 1917. He took part in the pro-
tracted struggle about Passchendaele, and was in the
thick of the surprise attack upon Cambrai. The latter
will be remembered as the greatest tank battle of the war.

222 WAR WORK OF ,LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

At eady dawn four hundred of these bullet-proof, iron-
clad monsters crept forward upon the enemy and in their
wake followed the infantry with fixed bayonets. General
Byng commanded the attacking army, and already famous
as a cavalry leader, demonstrated his fitness for the position
shortly afterwards assigned to him as commander-in-chief
of the Canadian army. The boasted Hindenburg Line was
smashed, and private Garrison was present at the smash-
ing. During the winter months that followed, the war-
weary Germans sulked in their trenches on the Western
front, giving battle only when driven to it, but in the
Spring the British were on the defensive with their backs
to the wall. He came safely through it all until July 22nd,
when a German bullet found him. He was carried from
the battlefield, but died before he reached the hospital.

WILLIAM C. GIDDY.
William C. Giddy was born in Ernesttown and lived
there all his life until he became a soldier. He enlisted
in the 146th at Kingston on the 21st of March, 1916, and
trained with his battalion until he sailed for England in
September. A few weeks after his arrival in the Old
Country he was sent over to France to help fill up the
ranks of the 4th C. M. R., which was sorely in need of
reinforcements, as they had borne their full share of many
a hard fought battle. Side by side with these hardened
veterans, for nearly a year, he did his part and did it weIl.
Life in the trenches was hard enough at its best, even if
death were not lurking in every corner. That year was
one of the most trying in the war for the Canadians. He
took part in scores of night raids and the bloody and pro-
tracted stuggle about Vimy Ridge, but fell a victim to the
shell fire of the enemy at Passchendaele on October 26th,
1917. There were many tributes of praise for the brave
and determined fight made by him and so many of his
comrades who fell in the same battle.

IN 'MEMORIAM

223

GEORGE GIRVIN.
George Girvin was born in Napanee but, at the age
of four years, was remo\-ed to West Plain, and afterwards
to Flinton, where he was engaged in farming. He won the
respect of all who knew him by his unremitting devotion
to his aged grandmother, and his ardent desire to see
that she was suitably cared for in her declining years.
This estimable quality in a young man twenty years of
age marked him as possessing the instincts of a true and
noble manhood, and it was his reluctance at leaving her,
more than anything else, that caused him to defer his
enlistment until the 146th was being organized, when he
joined the local platoon and trained at home until they
were transferred to Barriefield, and afterwards to Valcar-
tier. Within two weeks from his arriva) in England he
was sent over to France to join the 4th C. M. R. He was
killed in action on August 28th, 1918. In writing to his
bereaved grandmother his Commanding Officer, Lieut. Col.
Patterson paid him this high tribute :-"He was a most
efficient and gallant soldier and his loss to his comrades as
a friend, and to the Battalion as a soldier, will be keenly
felt".
FREDERICK CLAUD MORRIS GLASS.
Frederick C. M. Glass was an Englishman by birth and
came to this country when he was nineteen years of age,
and took up his residence on Amherst Island, which he
regarded as his Canadian home. He mastered the occu-
pation of a cheesemaker; but gave up his position for the
army although, at the time of his enlistment, there was a
great demand for men of his calling. He joined the 146th,
and sailed for the 1tfotherland in September, 1916. After
arriving in the Old Country he was first attached to the
95th Reserves, and afterwards transferred to the 20th
Battalion, and was not sent to France until June, 1917.
He saw only two months' service at the front, but they
were in tþe midst of danger and death. The Germans were
fighting for a favorable foothold on the Western front in

224 W
R WORK 01" LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

the hope that some slight advantage might be gained before
the Americans took over any considerable portion of the
line and relieved the war-weary allies. He had. come
through many bombardlnents at the battle for Hill 70, and
with a companion had, during a particularly severe one,
sought temporary shelter in a fresh shell hole. A German
shell made a direct hit in the hole, killing him instantly.

ROY E. GOULD.
Roy E. Gould had been twice rejected as physically
unfit to serve in the army. The Military Service Act had
not produced the 100000 men that were needed to keep our
army up to its full strength, so the standard was reduced
in the Spring of 1918 and his exemption was cancelled and
he was ordered to report at headquarters at Kingston.
He was appointed a military policeman and remained on
duty at Barriefield until early in October, when his com-
pany was transferred to Belleville. Shortly after his
arrival there he was taken ill, but did not consider his
illness of a serious nature and remained on duty. It was
thought that he had an ordinary cold, and no precautions
were taken until a week after the first symptoms appeared,
when he was admitted to Belleville Hospital, and died three
hours later, on October 11th, 1918. As a matter of fact,
he had the influenza, and was the first in Belleville to die
from the disease, which shortly afterwards raged with such
violence throughout Canada.

JAMES TIPS ON GREENWAY.
SAMUEL THOMAS GREENWAY.
These two brothers, sons of James A. Greenway, for-
merly of Camden East, both lost their Ii ves in the severe
fighting during the latter half of 1917. James enlisted
in the 60th Battalion at Montreal, and was afterwards
transferred to the 56th. What is generally spoken of as
the battle of Passchendaele was a series of attacks extend-
ing over several weeks and culminating in the capture of

IN ,MEMORIAM

22õ

the Village of Passchendaele on November 6th. The
weather had been unfavorable and the fighting most
intense. A German soldier writing of this period, said :-
"For weeks, day and night the British kept our position
under fire, e,.er fiercer burned the glowing stream that
poured crackling down upon us. The history of the world
has never seen anything more awful." General Haig,
writing of the same said :-"For the second time within
the year the Canadian troops achieved a record of uninter-
rupted success". James Greenway came safely through
it all; but for strategic reasons pressure was maintained
upon this line two weeks after all the objectives had been
attained. It was at the end of this period when the opera-
tions in Flanders were being concluded for the season that
Jan1es met his death on the 20th of November.
Samuel had a similar experience, receiving his mortal
wound on the day following the successful conclusion of a
series of attacks in which the Canadians had proven them-
selves more than a match for any regiments the Germans
could put in the battle line. Hill 70 had been very useful
to the enemy for purposes of observation, and would mater-
ially assist the British in their command over the defenses
of Lens if they could capture it. The Canadians were
assigned the task, and took it at a comparatively light cost.
On the following day, August 17th, 1917, Samuel was
severely wounded in his left leg by the fragment of a high
explosive shell. Two days later he underwent a serious
operation, the leg being amputated at the thigh, but all
efforts to save his life were of no avail, and he died on
August 22nd.
CHARLES ADAM GREGG.
Charles Adam Gregg was not yet nineteen years of
age when he enlisted with the 146th in the early winter of
1915. He was the son of Robert Gregg, of Vennachar, and
had spent his life upon his father's farm up to the time he
joined the army. He was sent to France with the 4th C.
1\1. R. on December 1st, 1916, and remained with that batta-

226 WAR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDJiNGTON

lion until his death. He was killed in action at Vimy Ridge
on the 17th of April, 1917. He was a very exemplary
young man and, wherever he was, his influence was always
for good. The following lines were composed by him in
the trenches and forwarded to his mother :-

A M'ESSAGE TO MOTHER.
tiod speed this message to my mother
Far across the dark blue sea;
It is filled with words of pleasure;
Oh! she'll be glad to hear from me.
How she wept when last we parted,
How her heart was filled with pain,
When she said, "Good-bye, God bless you;
We may never meet again."
God speed this message to my mother;
It is filled with words of love;
If on earth I ne'er shall meet her,
We shall surely meet above.
Where there is no hour of parting;
All is peace and love and joy.
Tell her that her prayers are answered,
God protects her darling boy.
Tell her to be glad and cheerful;
Pray for me where' er I roam;
That e'er long I'll turn my footsteps
Back toward my dear old home.
Mother, when this war is over,
If it be God's will to me,
Back among the fields of clover,
I will wander there with thee.

GEORGE GRIFFIN.
George Griffin, son of William Griffin, Napanee, had
been residing in Alberta for a short time prior to August,
1914, and when war was declared he immediately enlisted

tN MEMORIA...11\I

227

and proceeded overseas with the first contingent. No par-
ticulars of his death were ever received. The brief tele-'
gram, "Killed in Action," to the parents, conveyed the only
news of the end of his military career.

J. A. HAINES.
J. A. Haines was living in North Fredericksburgh at
the time of his enlistment. All his life had been spent in
the county. Born in Centreville, his parents moved to
North Fredericksburgh when the boy, who was later to be
a soldier in the Great War, was only a little fellow seven
years of age. It was when the 80th was stationed in
Napanee during the winter of 1915-1916 that he enlisted
and entered the ranks as a private in that battalion as No.
22049, and when they went overseas he proceeded with
them. On arrival in England the unit was broken up for
reinforcements and Private Haines was transferred to the
74th, and again to the 78th. This gave him him the
opportunity of getting to France much sooner than other-
wise he could have done, so that within two months from
the time that he had left Canada he was doing his bit in the
front line trenches in Flanders. He survived the mud and
cold of the winter, but on January 5th he completed his
"crowded hour of glorious life".

WILLIAM STEWART HAMILTON.
William Stewart Hamilton for the first twenty-two
years of his life had lived in Camden township, and passed
his time as most of the boys who elected to remain in the
district did. He attended the public school at Union No.
25, and then went to work on the farm of his father. In
July, 1918, he went overseas with a detachment of the R.
C.H.A., of Kingston, but on his arrival in England was
transferred to the 6th Canadian Reserves, but before he
could get into the firing line he was attacked with the flu,
which later developed into pneumonia, from which he died

228 WAR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDENGTON

in No. 14 Canadian Hospital, Eastbourne, and was buried at
Seaforth, Sussex.

JAMES VINCENT HARRISON.
James Vincent Harrison was the son of
Ir. John
Harrison, of Tamworth, and for the first twenty-four years
of his life lived in his home village, with the exception of
the Ume that was spent at St. l\Iichael's College, in Toronto,
securing a higher education. After completing his educa-
tion he went west and took up a ranch near Aldersyde,
Alberta, where he remained for three years. Previous to
his taking up residence in the west he had interested him-
self in m,atters military and from 1907 until 1912 he held a
commission in the 47th Fro
tenac Regiment, so that when
he enlisted in Calgary in the 191st he was immediately
given the rank of Lieutenant. The unit that he was in
proceeded overseas in :March, 1917, and on its arrival there
was broken up for reinforcements. Lieutenant Harrison
was transferred to the 50th with the same rank, and on
September 1st crossed the channel. From then on until
the early spring he was engaged in actual fighting, and it
was when serving in the front line trenches that he, along
with some others, was struck by an enemy's bomb and
instantly killed. His body was buried in Roclincourt British
military cemetery, near Arras. "He was an excellent
officer and I had expected to see him do wonderfully well,"
was his Colonel's report to the family.

CHARLES EDMUND HARTMAN.
Charles Edmund Hartnlan had always been interested
in military matters, and as a young man was a member of
the Canadian militia and, when the opportunity came to
serve in a more real and definite manner, he was not deaf
to the appeal. Born at Odessa, he lived there and attended
school until he was of the age of seventeen, when he left
home to seek work in a larger center of population and
opportuni ty.

IN MEMORIAM

229

He enlisted in Peterboro, in February of 1916, as
private, No. 195365. In July of that year he went to
England, and by October was in France. For nearly a year
he underwent all the vicissitudes of active war, but on
September 22nd, 1917, while actively engaged, he received
a gun-shot wound in the thigh and back. After a few
"l{eeks in rest, he was again at his post among his friends
and former companions. A t the battle of Passchendaele
he was again wounded and recei\"ed treatment on the field,
and was sent back to the dressing station as a walking
patient. That was the last time that he was seen alive.
A friend of his from N apanee, Baldwin, was the last to see
him alive, as he was making his way to the dressing sta-
tion. What happened after that will never be told.

ALAN HAWLEY.
Alan Hawley's military career represents one of those
tragedies that follow every outbreak of hostilities. It was
his lot to enlist early, see much hard fighting, and then to
die as a result of the flu epidemic.
He was horn in Barrie township, Frontenac County,
and when tweh:e years of age his parents took up a farm
near Bath, where Alan remained until he set out to make
a living for himself at the age of nineteen. In the month
of February, 1915, he gave up a position that he had held
for some time with the Connelly Wrecking Co., of Kingston,
and enlisted with the 5th C. M. Roo He went to England
in July, and in the fall of the same year was in action in
France. He was transferred to the infantry and fought
in all the important engagements in which the Canadians
participated until the Autumn of 1917, when he received
a shrapnel wound in the knee and at the same time was
gassed. The wound was not serious, but the attack of gas
left him with a weak physical constitution so that for
nearly a year he had to receive treatment in the various
hospitals in England, and was then invalided home. In

230 W
R WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

the summer of 1918 he received his discharge, but his con-
stitution was so weakened that he fell an easy victim to
the flu, and died in the Water St. Hospital, Ottawa, in less
than a year after receiving his discharge.

FREDERICK HAYCOCK.
Frederick Haycock was living in Winnipeg at the time
of his enlistment as private No. 441848. That was in
l\Iarch, 1916, and two months later he was in France, and,
after only four months there, he gave his life for his coun-
try. Such in brief is the military career of this young
man, who was born in Centreville and spent the most of
his life there. It is a short story, but behind it one can
see the weeks of excitement, humor, pathos and final
tragedy. No details of his death were eyer received, the
laconic message, "killed in action", bearing the only news
of his end. What of courage and bravery, diligence, and
tenacity of purpose lies behind it no one will ever know.

DAVID RUSSEL HEARNS.
David Russel Hearns, No. 22025, was born in Napanee,
and lived there all his life until the time of his enlistment
in the 80th Battalion, which was stationed in the town for
the winter of 1915 and 1916, proceeding overseas with that
unit in l\!ay of that year. He there transferred to the
74th in June. Matters were moving with great rapidity
at the time, and after two other transfers he proceeded
to France on the 22nd of October, 1916, and was sent along
with the unit to which he was then attached, the C. C. A.
C., immediately to the Somme front, where he served
during all of that winter. In the opening of the spring
campaign, the 27th, along with others, was ordered to
reinforce the Lens Front, where it saw service, subsequent-
ly being sent to the Vimy Ridge to assist in the retention
of that important strategic position. It was after action

IN MEMORIAM

231

there on the 3rd of May, 1917, that D. R. Hearns was
reported missing. And later information reported him as
killed in action. In less than a year from the time that
he left Canada he had been transferred three times, had
seen action on three fronts and finally laid down his life
on the knoll of ground in France forever sacred in the
annals of Canadian History.

WILLIAM ARTHUR HENDERSON.
William Arthur Henderson was born near Belleville,
but, while still a mere child, moved to Lime Lake, where
he lived with his father, John Henderson, until he was
twenty-one years of age. In 1907 he went out West and
resided upon a farm near Regina until 1915, when he
enlisted in the 68th and went overseas in April, 1916.
After two months' further training in England he crossed
to France, and was transferred to the 16th Canadian
Scottish Battalion. He was of a cheerful disposition and
soon became a genel-al favorite among his newly formed
Îriends, who found a common bond of union in their
attachment to the land of the thistle and heather.
He fought with these veterans throughout that deadly
struggle upon the Somme and, through the long winter
that followed, joined in the numerous raids for which the
Canadians had become famous. He died a glorious death
upon that day which will stand out in the annals of the
war as the one abo\Je all others that brought honor and
distinction to the citizen soldiers of Canada, the 9th of
April, 1917. It was on that day that the Canadians
captured Vimy Ridge, and in the language of the official
records shewed "the same high qualities in victorious
advance as they displayed in early days in desperate
resistance on many stricken fields." The day's work was
done; the Huns were driven from the ridge, and the vic-
torious Canadians were consolidating their gains, when
young Henderson was instantly killed by a bullet from a
machine gun of the retreating enemy.

232 W!AtR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDfNGTON

KELVIN G. HERRINGTON.
Private Kelvin G. Herrington was one of those most
unfortunate members of the Canadian Expeditionary
Force who, after serving for a time, was forced to watch
the progress of the campaign from the interior of a prison
camp in Germany.
Kelvin Herrington, 8339, was the son of 1\11'. and :Mrs.
John 'V. Herrington, of Napanee, and was born there in
the year 1894, on the 21st of August. He attended the
Napanee grammar school and the Collegiate, but for some
time prior to enlistment had been employed as a barber in
Oshawa. Immediately war was declared he enlisted with
the 35th, and went' from there to the training camp at
Valcartier, and proceeded over seas with the first con-
tingent. Once in England he transferred to the
jlachine
Gun section of the Second Battalion. At the battle of
Langemark he was wounded and taken prisoner and sent
to the interment camp at Oberhausen, Germany, where
after suffering much agony and pain, he died, after five
months and twenty-eight days.

CHARLES HOWARD HICKS.
Charles Howard Hicks, the main support of his aged
parents, who live at Glenfield, enlisted at Plevna in Febru-
ary, 1917, in the 146th. He trained at the local improvised
barracks for three months and spent a like period in camp
at Barriefield before sailing for England. He crossed to
France in November, and saw a year of hard fighting. He
was twice sent to the hospital, once from a wound in his
shoulder, and later on fron1 gas poisoning; but his strong
constitution helped him through each time, and he soon
rejoined his companions in their victorious advance. He
was with the Canadians at Mons and was rejoicing in the
prospect of setting his face towards home, for it was well
known that the Germans could hold out no longer and were
negotiating for terms of peace. One of the last and most
dramatic strokes of the war was the triumphal entry of

IN :MEMORIAM

233

the 3rd Canadian Division into Mons. A few hours later
the armistice was signed, and the war was ended. The
German resistance in the early morning was quite spirited,
but for a short time only. It was the last dying effort of
that great military monster that was to subdue the world.
One of its last victims was the young man from Glenfield,
who fell that morning on the field of battle.

RA YMOND HICKS.
Raymond Hicks, second son of Joseph and Gertrude
Hicks, enlisted in "C" Company of the 80th, during the
winter of 1915, while it was stationed in Napanee. Though
only eighteen years of age, he entered training with the
enthusiasm and diligence of one many years older. When
the Company left for Belleville he was in the best of health
and spirits and delighted at the prospect of changed condi-
tions and the opportunity to get overseas, but on the way
to Halifax he contracted a cold, which turned out more
seriously than was anticipated. With the rest of the com-
pany he was aboard ship waiting for orders to sail when
his cold developed in to pneumonia. He was taken ashore,
placed in Military Hospital No.6, where he died four d3.Ys
later, May 23rd, 1916. The body was returned to his par-
ents and accorded a military funeral by the members of
146th, who were stationed in Napanee at the time.

SAMUEL HICKS.
Samuel Hicks was born in Sheffield, and was living at
Tamworth when every effort was being put forth to fill up
the ranks of the 146th. He enlisted early in 1916, trained
at Barriefield and Valcartier, sailed for England in the
early autumn and crossed to France just as winter was
setting in. By this time the Canadians had reduced
night-raiding to a science and their hated neighbors on the
other side of No-Man's-Land, never knew what the night
was going to bring forth. This was the first kind of
fighting to which he was introduced and many lessons

2'34 WAR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

were not required before he grew quite proficient. In fact
he was selected so frequently for this class of work during
the strenuous year that foHowed that through exposure
and over-exertion he deyeloped trench fever and died in a
hospital in the ear1y part of 1918.

FREDERICK CHARLES HILL.
Frederick Charles HiH was a young Englishman and
like most Englishmen took kindly to soldiering. In the
winter of 1914 a band of young men, some in unifonn and
the rest in mufti, could be seen e"lery afternoon drilling
upon the market square in Napanee, and when not thus
employed they seemed to gravitate towards the Royal
Bank. This was their headquarters. They had neither
barracks, nor place to driI1, but they were just as enthus-
iastic as the well equipped platoon, which took possession
of the armouries the next winter. During the autumn and
early winter of 1914 Mr. Travers, manager of the Royal
Bank, and Mr. Carr, manager of the Dominion Bank,
attended to their banking duties during the day, but spent
their eyenings in Kingston undergoing a course of training
in order to qualify as officers in the army. As soon as Mr.
Travers secured his commission as Lieutenant in the 39th,
he set out to secure recruits in Napanee and young Hill was
one of the first to enlist. After a few weeks' preliminary
training in Napanee, they joined their company at BeI1e-
yille, where they were kept unti1 June 24th, when they set
out upon their long journey for the front. HiH proved to
be a first class soldier and shortly after his arrival in
England was raised to the rank of Sergeant-l\Iajor, which
is recognized as one of the most difficult positions in the
army to fill. His efficiency as an instructor mi1itated
against his own advancement. His ambition was to reach
the fighting line as soon as possible, but thousands of
Canadians were arriving in England every month and in-
structors were scarce, and he was detained in the training
camps in England until early in 1917. He reached France

IN MEMORIAM

23

in time to take part in those desperate battles during the
last eighteen months of the war. He was with the army
up to the final advance upon Mons and received a wound
which was not considered serious. He was taken to No.4
General Hospital at Etaple, and, shortly after his admis-
sion, bronchial-pneumonia developed, and he died just one
week before the armistice was signed.

CHARLES CLAYTON HINEMAN.
Charles Clayton Hineman was the son of Norman S.
Hineman, who formerly resided at Bath. At the outbreak
of the war he ,"vas working on a farm near Picton, and as
soon as he could secure his release he hurried' away to the
nearest recruiting office and enlisted for overseas service.
In six months' time the quiet farra-hand was transformed
into a soldier of the king, on duty in the trenches in France,
a member of the famous First Division. The very first
night they were in the trenches the Germans tauntingly
called out "Come out, you Canadians! Come out and fight!"
But many months had not passed before these same proud
Huns were taught to respect the despised Canadians. He
was among the number who upheld the honor of Canada
in that first great battle at Ypres, where under most
adverse conditions, including clouds of poisonous gas, the
Canadian army extricated itself from a nlost perilous posi-
tion. For fourteen months he shared the dangers, dis-
comforts and triumphs of his companions of the "old reò
patch", the distinctive mark of his division. Early in
April, 1916, he was on duty in the first line, when a large
high explosive shell burst near him, rending the earth for
yards around. No trace of him was ever found, and for a
time he was reported missing, and in due course officially
reported "Killed in action". From statements made by his
comrades there is no doubt that he was within the area
destroyed by the shell in question, known in soldiers'
parlance as a "Jack Johnson".

236 WAR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

CHARLES HOBBS.
Among those who early answered the call of the
mother country in Canada were many who had come from
the home-land to seek their fortune in this land of larger
opportunity and scope. Charles Hobbs was one of that
class and at the time of his enlistment was living in Hawley
working on a farm there. In February of 1915 he enlisted
and joined the 39th, and about the 18th of June of the same
year he proceeded overseas and very shortly after was in
France helping to hold the front line trenches against the
attacks of the enemy. For over a year and a half he
escaped all injury and then on the 13th of July, 1916, he
was reported killed in action. Particulars were never re-
ceived, and it is the opinion of those who had seen him some
time previously that he had been shot by a sniper.

FREDERICK HUGHES.
Frederick Hughes, 835642, was the son of Wesley
Hughes, a farmer near Tamworth, in Sheffield Township.
There Frederick, who was born June 15th, 1898, lived
continuously until he enlisted. He attended school at
Beaver Lake, and after he had gone through the work
there, continued on the farm with his father. In February,
1916, he enlisted at Tamworth and went overseas in
September, and was transferred to the 4th C. 1\1:. R., and
with that unit proceeded to France. A winter of disagree-
able trench duty and comparative inactivity followed, but
with the opening of the spring the C. !VI. R. was soon in
the thick of the fray. Private Hughes fought with them
through April at Vi my Ridge. During June he served
around A vion, and in August he participated in the engage-
ments at Hill 70. At Passchendaele, October 26th, 1918,
he was lost. No record of how he met his end is available.
Fred Parks, of Tamworth, was with him about twenty
minutes before a heavy shell attack. After the attack
Hughes was missing, and it is assumed was killed during
the attack.

IN MEMORIAM

237

JAMES HUTCHISON.
James Hutchison, at the early age of eight years, came
to Canada frOln Glasgow, Scotland, where he had lived
prior to that time. After some years he finally settled in
Lennox and Addington, and was living at the home of l\Ir.
Clark Walker, at \Vilton, at the time of his enlistment in
the 80th at Kingston. That was on November 9th, 1915,
and on the arrival of the unit in England he was transferred
to the 50th, and son1e time in July, 1916, he was in France.
During an attack at Vimy he was wounded in the foot
and had to spend three months in the 18th General
Camiers Hospital in France. On his recovery he was sent
back to his old unit and was again slightly wounded in the
face and hands somewhere near Vimy, but that did not
detain him long from his work, and he was again with his
unit when they retook the Regina Trench, which had
recently been wrested frOln them by the enemy. It was
after this conflict that he was reported missing, and a day
or two later his Chaplain, I\iajor W. H. Davis, found his
body along with those of twelve of his companions. At
four o'clock in the morning they were all laid to rest in the
one grave. He served his country from November 9th,
1915, until riddled with machine-gun bullets on the morning
of June 3rd, 1918, he completed the task that had been
given him to do.
FRANK IRISH.
Frank Irish is another of that large and representa-
tive class of young men who though born and reared in the
County of Lennox and Addington, went to another part of
the country from which they enlisted and from which they
left to ser\.e in a still larger sphere of activities.
Priyate Irish, No. 811447, enlisted shortly after the
outbreak of the war in the 138th Battalion of Edmonton,
where he was living at the time. On proceeding overseas
he was transferred to the 47th, and it was with that unit
that he served for two years and three months, when he
was killed in action.

'238 WAR WORK OF, LENNOX AND ADDJNGTON

On March 31st, 1917, he was in the front line trenches
when a stray shell from the enemy burst above and imme-
diately snuffed out the lives of those who were within the
radius of its effect. Frank Irish was one of the number.
No further details were ever received by the family.

JOHN B. KELLAR.
Few volunteers made a greater sacrifice in joining the
army than John B. Kellar, of Enterprise, the only son of
Mrs. Orinda Kellar. At the age of thirty he left his widow-
ed mother, a wife and four young children to fight for
liberty and justice. He joined the 146th at Tamworth and
went through the regular course of training in that village,
at Barriefield and Valcartier, and sailed for England in
October, 1916. He served as a bugler while he remained
in the 146th, but in November he was transferred to the
4th C. IvI. R. and sent to France attached to A Company of
the Ivlachine Gun Corps. He ate his Christmas dinner in
the trenches and remained in the front line during those
terrible months of the Spring of 1917, when the Germans
entered upon their most ruthless warfare on sea and land
with a total disregard of the rules that for ages had
governed civilized nations in the treatment of their
enemies. The United States was resenting the attacks
upon its shipping and this, instead of checking the
Germans, seemed to be the signal for every conceivable
form of frightfulness of which private Kellar was doomed
to be one of the victims. The day before he was kilIed
they had sunk two hospital ships, the Lanfranc and the
Donegal. On the different fronts they seemed to be
actuated by the same brutal determination to exterminate
the allies by any means, fair or foul.
In the latter part of April the battle was raging about
Vi my Ridge, and Kellar was working hard with his machine
gun in keeping the enemy at bay. He was wounded in the
legs by the sweep of the opposing machine guns and to
escape the storm of bulIets, he and a companion sought

IN MEMORIAM

239

shelter in a shell hole. During a temporary reverse he was
found in this helpless condition by a number of Germans
and bayonetted to death. His companion had the sa tis-
faction of afterwards killing two of the attacking party.
'So far as can be gathered there was no justification for the
murderous attack upon him.

LEO KENNEDY.
Leo Kennedy was another Lennox and Addington boy,
who was living in Western Canada at the time of his en-
listment. He was born in Newburgh and lived there until
he was of the age of nineteen, when he went out into the
world on his own responsibility to seek his place and
fortune. His journeyings landed him in Calgary and he
was there three years prior to his enlistment. He donned
the khaki in the early part of 1917, being known as Private
3205278 of the 10th Battalion. He reached France during
the winter of 1917 and took part in all the important
engagements in which the Canadians were fighting during
the summer campaign of 1918. But in October at the
Canal-de-la-Sensee he received gunshot wounds in the chest
from the enemy's machine gun. He was hurried to the
first aid station for treatment, but died the same day,
October 14th, 1918.
GORDON KIMMETT.
To have enlisted at the age of eighteen, taken his
place in the fighting forces, suffered gunshot wounds and
recovered, survived a serious attack of diphtheria, remain
in active service until after the signing of the Armistice,
and to die of Flu on his way home to Canada, is the brief
but tragic history of the military career of Gordon
Kimmett. Gordon's legal name was Burley, but he was
known as Kimmett for the reason that he had been reared
with his grandfather Kimmett, at Marlbank. He and his
half brother, William John :rvlcFarland, who was then only
fifteen years of age, enlisted in the 146th at Tamworth,
in 1915, and went to Valcartier together. William received

240 WAR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

injuries there which rendered him unfit for military
service and he was invalided home. Gordon, however,
continued to train and went overseas with his unit on the
22nd of September, 1916, and shortly after entered on
active service in France, to remain there till the close of
the war, and to die in England on February 14th, 1919.

ARTHUR LAUGHLIN.
Arthur Laughlin, No. 412895, was one of the

apanee
boys early to offer his services in the great war. He had
lived with his parents in the town most of his life and went
through the regular public and high school training, and
on the completion of his education entered the employ of
the Grand Trunk Railway Company, of which he was a
freight cashier at the time of his enlistment. He joined
the 39th Battalion at Belleville, and went overseas with that
unit early in June, 1915. He was transferred to the 13th
Battalion of the 5th Royal Highlanders, with whom he
went to France.
His experience as an operator soon secured for him a
place among the signallers, and in that capaçity he served
during all the time that he was in actual service. lVlodern
conditions soon did away with the signalling by flags, as
had been customary in former days, and wireless and the
regular telegraph was pressed into service. It became the
lot of the signaller to take up a lonely advanced post and
report; as to the movements of the enemy. It was in this
position that Pte. Laughlin lost his life. He had been
through the battle of Hooge and survived, but at the battle
of Sanctuary Wood he was struck by some unknown missle
and instantly killed. Captain Harry Salisbury, another
Lennox boy, was with him at the time, and was able on his
return to give the parents details of the way in which he
met his death.
ALBERT NATHANIEL LEARY.
This soldier was born in Napanee on May 11th, 1890,
and received his public school education there, and after

IN MEMORIAM

241

leaving school he became apprenticed to the blacksmith
trade in the, shop of l\lr. Ezra Pringle, of Napanee, and on
the completion of his apprenticeship he went to Verona,
where he was engaged in his trade at the time of his en-
listment.
He joined the 146th Battalion in the fall of 1916, and
went overseas in February, 1917, and was soon thereafter
sent to France with reinforcements for C Company of the
20th. He served during the early part of the summer,
and on through the season's campaign until the 9th of
August. On that date the 20th were carrying out a raiding
operation against the enemy lines in the neighborhood of
Cite St. Laurent, which is a suburb to the north-west of
Lens, and it was during that operation that Private Albert
Nathaniel Leary, No. 835560 was killed.

ERNEST Wl\'I. LEGGETT.
Ernest Wm. Leggett had been living in Napanee for
nine years prior to his enlistment in the 39th Battalion.
He was born in Landport, Portsmouth, Hants, England.
He received his early training in the University College
School, London, and on the completion of his work there,
left for fields of larger opportunity and scope. After
travelling a good deal, he finally landed in Napanee, and
early left the home of his adoption in answer to the call
for men. He enlisted with the 39th, and later transferred
to C Company of the 24th, with which unit he entered the
actual theatre of war in France, on the 30th of April, 1916.
He served without injury during the summer campaign,
but on September 17th he made the supreme sacrifice. No
details were ever received, no friend ever wrote as to the
manner of his end, the brief notice, "Killed in Action",
was all that the relatives ever received to inform them of
the loss they had sustained.

FREDERICK LOCKWOOD.
Frederick Lockwood was a Lennox and Addington boy

242 WAR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

who spent his early days in Enterprise, where he received
his early education at the public school. He was living
in Kingston at the time that war was declared,' and
immediately signed up. Already he had shown interest
in military matters, having served one season in the Cana-
dian Militia. He was given the number 40750, and reached
England in September, 1914, and France early in 1915.
There he served as a gunner for nearly two years and six
months, when he was killed instantly by shrapnel on the
Somme. All other information and details are lacking,
and he probably constitutes one of that vast army of
unknown soldiers to which a grateful nation pays dutiful
and grateful obeisance.

BURK BRADFORD LOTT.
Burk Bradford Lott was the eldest of four brothers,
all of whom joined the fighting forces of Canada. He was
a Sheffield boy, son of Mrs. John Copeland, of Tamworth,
but at the outbreak of the war was living at Port Arthur,
where he enlisted early in 1915, and sailed from Canada
about Christmas. He was soon forwarded to France to
reinforce the hard pressed allies and saw hard fighting up
to the time of his death. He died of wounds on the 20th
of April, 1916, being the second representative of Sheffield
to give his life in the Great War.

R. M. MARLIN.
R. M. M-arlin had been living in the Township of Rich-
mond for three years prior to enlistment. He was born at
Marlbank and attended the Lime Lake public school. Dur-
ing January, 1916, he enlisted with the 126th Peel Battery
at Toronto, and later transferred to the 38th. It was
on the 5th of December, 1916, that the unit left England
for France. Particulars of his death were never received.
Enlisting in this unit he was away from men belonging to
Lennox and Addington, consequently the only report ever
received of his death was to the effect that he was killed

J1N MEMORIMI

243

in action on the 9th of April, 1917. during the battle of
Vimy Ridge.
GEORGE ARTHUR MARSHALL.
It is very rarely we find a Lennox and Addington boy
who does not keep a warm spot in his heart for his native
county, no matter how far removed he may be. It was
this love for the place of his birth that induced George
Arthur 1\farshall, who enlisted at Regina, to apply for a
transfer to the 146th, in order that he might line up with
the friends of his boyhood days in the home battalion. He
was the son of John M. lVIarshall, and was born at Forest
Mills in 1884. He spent the winter of 1915-16 in Tam-
worth drilling with the local platoon, most of whom, after
reaching England, were transferred to the 4th C. lV1. R. In
October he found himself in the trenches fighting shoulder
to shoulder with these war-scarred veterans, who at a great
cost had come victorious through many a ha'rd fought
battle. He came safely through the winter, although daily
exposed to the fire of the enemy, but was wounded in April
at Vimy Ridge and invalided to England. It was several
months before he was able to resume his place in the fight-
ing line. In the early spring of 1918 the German High
Command knew that the war was lost, but put on a bold
front and fought desperately over limited areas, not in
expectation of ultimate victory, but in the hope of securing
favorable terms in any treaty of peace they might negot-
iate. The Canadian front received its full share of these
blows, one of the heaviest of which was struck at Arras.
It was in this battle that private Marshall fell in March,
1918.
ERNEST EDWIN MILLER.
Ernest Edwin Miller had resided in Adolphustown for
ten years immediately preceding his enlistment. He was
a farmer and left the land to serve his country in company
with many other Lennox and Addington boys in the 146th
Battalion. From the 146th he was transferred first to the
95th, and then. to the 4th Canadian Mounted Rifles. He

244W:AR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

left England for France on October 26th, 1916, and there-
after for twelve months was engaged in actual warfare.
He took part in the engagement at Vimy and gave his life
at Passchendaele, where so many Canadian soldiers were
lost. It would appear from the meagre reports received
that he had been stationed in charge of the bombs, and
that an enemy shell struck the massed pile, and the result-
ing explosion caused his instant death.

GORDON EDWARD MINCHINTON.
Gordon Edward Minchinton was born in Napanee and
underwent the regular training in the public school and
Collegiate Institute there. He was residing in Winnipeg
in the fall of 1916 and enlisted in the 184th, and in Novem-
ber of that year sailed for England. In December he was
sent with reinforcements to the 27th, and through the
winter he served with this unit and took part in the famous
attack on Vimy Ridge. As far as can be learned from those
who were nearest to him at the time it would appear that
he met his death after the major engagement. The hill
had been taken. He was acting as laison officer and was
leading his party up to assume their new headquarters
when a bomb exploded near him, causing instant death.

REGINALD MINCHINTON.
It was experiences like those of this young man that
gave birth to the expression so prevalent among the sold-
iers, "that if a fellow's name is written on a bullet he'll
get it, and if it isn't he won't." He was a Lennox and
Addington boy, who enlisted in Winnipeg with the first
contingent, being one of the 80th Battalion, with the
number 474. After the winter in England he crossed to
France in February, 1915, and fought with the Canadians
until November, 1917, taking part in the following battles:
Nauve Chapelle, 2nd Battle of Ypres, St. Julien, Festubert,
Givenchy, the Somme Campaign, Hill 70, and Passchen-
daele. It was during this last battle that he was killed.

IN MEMORIAM

245.

The circumstances of his end are worthy of the long service,
and show the true spirit in which so many boys of all ranks
and conditions gave their lives. It was during the first
rush and the Canadians were attempting to consolidate
their gains under the heavy bombardment of their new
position by the enemy. Private 474 was bending over a
wounded companion endeavoring to dress his wounds and
stop the flow of blood until medical help could be secured,
when he was shot in the head by a sniper and immediately
killed.

ERNEST MOUCK.
Ernest Mouck was a successful business man at Arden,
who had always been interested in Inilitary affairs. For
nine years before the war he was connected with the 47th
at Kingston. He enlisted as a private, worked up to the
position of captain and secured as well a first class certi-
ficate in signalling. On the outbreak of the war he closed
his store at Arden and reported for duty and was imme-
diately given command of No. 8 Company. Upon his
arrival in England the staff of the first contingent was
re-organized, and many of the original officers were ordered
back to Canada to take charge of detachments of the second
contingent. His name was upon this list, but with eleven
others he refused to return, and was consequently granted
a commission in the Northumberland Fusiliers. He pro-
ceeded with them to the Dardanelles. On the way he
wrote to George M. Kirk, of Arden, "I enclose my last will
and testament. I will ask you not to forget me, should
Providence see fit to leave me in Europe in an unknown
place. I feel also that if Fate decrees that I fall, I will be
provided for in the Great Unknown; therefore I go with a
light heart to whatever awaits me." Later on he wrote:
"The day before yesterday there were 4000 casualties, and
every day has an appaling list. You can understand that
I do not expect to get back." On August 7th, 1915, he was
killed in a charge up the hills of GallipoIi.

,246 WAR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

HAROLD MOUCK.
Pte. Harold Mouck (835787) was the son of John
A-Iouck, Tamworth. He was born in that village on Decem-
ber 23rd, 1895. Since he was three years of age he resided
in Napanee with his uncle, R. J. Wales, and was educated
in Napanee Public School and Collegiate Institute. He
enlisted with the 146th Frontenac Battalion, trained in
Napanee, Barriefield and Valcartier camps, and proceeded
overseas in September, 1916. On arrival in England the
146th Battalion was absorbed in other units, most of them
being attached to the 4th Canadian Mounted Rifles, which
was then serving as an Infantry Battalion. Pte. H. Mouck
was sent in the first draft to France November 2nd, 1916.
He was wounded December 6th while on a listening post,
and sent to hospital at Le Treport, France. He returned
to duty in January, 1917, and fought in the famous battle
of Vimy Ridge. After this he contracted pleurisy and was
sent to England to recuperate. He returned to France in
September, 1917, and joined his battalion which was then
at Passchendaele, but shortly afterwards moved south to
Lens. Here he served in the trenches on a Lewis gun for
eighteen days, including Christmastide. He had just fin-
ished his eighteenth day, and was returning to the rest
billet in the rear when he was struck by a trench mortar
shell frOll1 the enemies' line. He died while being carried
out of the trenches, and was buried next morning, January
9th, 1917, at Loos, France, in St. Patrick's cemetery.

THOMAS W. F. MacKNIGHT.
Thomas William Fingland MacKnight, B.A., M.D.C.M.,
Lieut. R. A. M. C., was born in Camden, Lennox and Ad-
dingto!l County, Jan. 28th, 1887, the eldest son of John and
Elizabeth MacKnight. He attended the N apanee Collegiate
Institute, and after passing the matriculation examination,
expressed a desire to be a doctor, and this ambition was
reached when he graduated in IvIedicine from Queen's
University in 1912, having taken his Arts degree two years

IN MEMORIAM

247

before. He spent a summer in the north, near Hearst, arid
afterwards spent a year in Spencerville as assistant to Dr.
l\taclntosh. He passed the Ontario Council of Physician
and Surgeons, and in 1913 passed the first Dominion l\iedi-
cal Council held at Montreal. In January, 1914, he entered
into practise at Everett, Simcoe County, and was most
successful in his work until the outbreak of the war and
the insistent call for men. He enlisted early in 1915; but
there was so much delay about securing his place in the
C. A. M. C. that he became impatient and joined the R. A.
:rv1. C. in l\larch, 1916, and sailed for England immediately.
From England he was sent to Bombay, India. Here the
overwork and the terrible climate proved too much for him;
but he steadily refused the sick leave to the hills so urgent-
ly offered, and remained on duty until stricken down by a
fever, from which he died on September 4th, 1916, and
was buried in Sewree Cemetery, Bombay.

ALEXANDER MacNICOLL.
Although not the first boy from Cloyne to enlist, Alex-
ander MacNicoll was the first to enter the firing line and
engage in actice warfare. He enlisted at Belleville in the
39th, on the 25th of February, 1915. He went overseas
with that battalion in June, and while in training at Shorn-
cliffe fell ill and was confined to a hospital and convalescent
home for some months. In November he was transferred
to the 2nd Battalion, sent to France, and proceeded at once
to the front. The Canadians could not remain idle in their
trenches watching the movements of the enemy across No-
Man's-Land through a periscope. To them is given the
credit of developing that form of war-fare known as the
"night-raid". A few daring spirits in the shelter of the
darkness would creep upon the enemy and in a surprise
attack capture a few of their number and secure first-hand
information of their position. MacNicoll was scheduled
for promotion for his success in several such adventures.
On the night of April 26th, 1916, he was leading a number

248 WAR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

of men across No-Man's-Land upon such a mission.' The
Germans had suffered much from such attacks and rarely
succeeded in repulsing them, and never knew what the
night might bring forth when opposed by the Canadians.
Upon the night in question they were more alert than
usual and eÃ})loded a mine under the attacking party.
Every man was instantly killed. Their bodies were recov-
ered and buried in Perth cemetery, about a mile east of
Ypres.
G. A. MacNICOLL.
G. A. MacNicoll was exempt from Military service
owing to his age, and the fact that he lost his son, Alexan-
der MacNicoll, was another reason why he might have
applied for exemption on compassionate grounds if he were
liable. But his age did not hold him in check, and the news
of the death of his son upon the field of battle no sooner
reached him than he sought out the nearest recruiting
officer and volunteered for service, and was accepted as a
private in the 146th on l\Iay 5th, 1916. He went through
the usual course of training at Barriefield, and proceeded
to Valcartier on July 1st with his battalion. He did not
liye to avenge the death of his son, but was taken ill and
died in the camp hospital on July 23rd.

HAROLD McAFEE.
Harold McAfee, of Napanee, joined the 155th in Janu-
ary, 1916, and spent the succeeding nine months in training
in Canada. In October he crossed to England, and was
transferred to the 21st Battalion. At this time the Cana-
dians were calling for reinforcements, and as the 155th
had gone through a thorough course of training in Canada,
under the guidance of returned officers, who had been
engaged in actua] warfare, but little time was spent in
England before sending the new arrivals on to France.
Private McAfee spent the winter months in the trenches.
There were no great battles upon the British front during
this period, as the Germans were dealing their sledge

IN MEMORIAM

249

hammer blows upon the French lines north of Verdun, in
their desperate effort to break through to Paris, and at
the same time was secretly preparing for a withdrawal
on the Sonlme. There was little rest, however, for the
Canadians who were a constant source of worry to the
Germans. Trench warfare had developed beyond the wait-
ing and watching stage. If there was a weak point in
the enen1Y lines, the Canadians seemed to find it and lost
no time in attacking. While the relative positions of the
two armies were not to be altered by such attacks, as they
sometimes affected only a few hundred yards of trench,
it was learned from prisoners captured that the desired
effect was attained in weakening the morale of the
enemy. It was in an engagement of this kind that McAfee
received a wound that caused his death. He died in Queen
1vlary's Royal Hospital at South-End-on-the-Sea in March,
1917.
CLARENCE McCABE.
Clarence McCabe hailed from Hay Bay, where he had
lived on his father's farm until the age of twenty-five, when
he enlisted as a private in the 146th. On reaching England
the 146th was broken up and along with others, private
McCabe was transferred to the 95th Battalion. He was
in France only seven months and yet in that brief time
had taken part in important engagements, notably the first
battle of Vimy Ridge. It was shortly after this battle that
he met his death. Particulars are not available. The
official information merely stating his death was acciden-
tal.
GEORGE RANKIN McCONACHIE.
George Rankin McConachie was the second son of this
home to give his life for King and Country. He enlisted
at Kingston as private 454813 in the 59th Battalion. This
battalion left England during September, 1915, and from
then on for twenty months George McConachie served in
all the important engagements in which his division took
part. He went through the third battle of Ypres, the

250 WAR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

Somme, and the attack on Vimy Ridge. It was during the
attack on this latter place that he was wounded and sent
to Southwark Military Hospital in London, and there he
lingered, gradually growing weaker from loss of blood
and vitality until three months later, when he passed away
at 4.30 a.m., June 22nd, 1917.

RA YMOND HILL McCONACHIE.
Raymond Hill rv1cConachie joined the King's forces
during the month of January, 1915, and served continu-
ously throughout the following fifteen months, making the
suprern,e sacrifice on April 20th, 1916, during the battle of
Ypres. Raymond was born at Brampton, and received his
early schooling at the public school in Guelph, and when
his father, who was in the employ of the Grand Trunk, was
transferred to N apanee, the family moved as well, and
thereafter were residents of Lennox and Addington. At
the Napanee Collegiate Raymond continued his education,
and on the completion of his course there took a position
with the Daly Tea Company, and left them to don the
khaki. He enlisted in the 39th Battalion and later trans-
ferred to the 13th R. H. C. In September, 1915, he left
England for France, and remained there until the battle
of Ypres, where he was wounded. He was removed to the
17th Casualty Clearing Station, and died two hours later.
Arthur Laughlin, another Lennox and Addington boy who
later gave his life in the cause, was with him at the time
of his death.

WILLIAM EARLE McCUMBER.
William Earle McCumber was born on a farm in the
Township of Ernesttown, but when he grew up he learned
the blacksmithing, and he was working at his trade in
Kingston at the time of his enlistment. He enlisted as a
priyate in the Seaforth Highlanders, in January, 1918, and
was killed during the defence before Amiens in August,
1918. His career as a soldier was brief, seven months all

m ?\!fEMORIAM

251

told, but in those seven months he had seen almost continu-
ous actual fighting, and gave his life in that stand which is
forever memorable in the annals of the Great War.

THO:MAS E. McFERN.
Thomas E. M:cFern was a native of Amherst Island,
and had spent some time in Three Rivers before enlistment.
He was only sixteen years of age when he enlisted at

:Iontreal with the 244th Kitchener's Own. On reaching
England he ,vas transferred to the 14th Battalion and, after
the customary intensive training, proceeded to France on
the 1st of :May, 1917. He was in France only three months,
but in that short time saw action in the Battle of Lens and
Hill 70. His company were holding the front line when he
was shot in the head by a sniper and was killed immediate-
ly. His brother, Hugh lVtcFem, was with him at the time
of his death. He had not yet reached the military age
w hen he was killed.

MAURICE McGREER.
l'iIaurice McGreer bears a name that is well known in
the County of Lennox and Addington, though he was one of
the family who early went with his parents to Montreal,
where he received his early training in public and high
school. It was frOllt there that he enlisted in October,
1915. He went over in a detachment of reinforcements
with the rank of sergeant, and was attached successively
to the 81st, 83rd, and 58th Batteries. He was wounded
near St. Eloi at Taggett's Corners, and after going the
rounds of the clearing stations and several hospitals, died
on October 7th, 1918.

STANTON McGREER.
Stanton McGreer enlisted in the early part of 1915 as
a lance corporal in the P. P. C. L. I., and crossed to England
in June, and to France in August, of the same year. Dur-
that fall and winter he served in all the engagements that

252 WAR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

the Princess Pats were in. At Sanctuary Wood on June
3rd, 1916, he received wounds that proved fatal. After
being wounded he was unable to care for himself or to make
his plight known, so that he was left neglected in an
abandoned dug-out for three days. By that time loss of
blood had weakened him and when he was discovered it was
found that blood-poisoning had set in and that it would be
necessary to amputate his leg. But in his weakened con-
dition he was unable to stand the shock and passed away
the same day. He was buried by his cousin, Lieutenant-
Colonel the Rev. A. H.
'lcGreer, who was present with him
through the operation and remained to minister to him until
the end.
WILLIAM l\lcGREER.
William McGreer, until the time of his enlistment, had
lived at Riverside Farm, near Napanee. In the winter of
1916 he enlisted with the Queen's Own Rifles, and pro-
ceeded overseas in January, 1917. By July he was in
France serving in active warfare, first in the 5th Divisional
Cyclist Corps, and later in the 47th Canadian Infantry
Battalion, and during the thirteen months that he was at
the front took part in the engagements at Passchendaele,
Lens, and Amiens. It was during the time that his bat-
talion was in the front line, due east of Rosieres, that he
met his death. Some time prior to tha t he had been
attached to the scout section of his battalion, and on the
nights of August 10th and 11th was patrolling in no-man's-
land in front of the German wire. His officer was severely
wounded and William McGreer found him and with much
difficulty and under heavy fire succeeded in carrying him
back to his own lines. For this he was recommended for a
decoration, but the award was never approved. It was
early the next morning, while still on duty, that he was hit
by a piece of 8.9 shell and instantly killed.

JOHN JOSEPH McLAUGHLIN.
John Joseph McLaughlin lived from the time of his

J1N MEMORIAM

253

birth in the Township of Richmond. He attended the pub-
lic school at Forest Mills and finished his education at the
Napanee Collegiate. He enlisted in the 77th Battalion
early in 1916, and was later transferred to the 87th Bat-
talion in England in June of the same year. In August
following he crossed the channel, and saw continuous ser-
vice for two years. On the field of battle he was promoted
to Lance Corporal, but shortly after was taken seriously
ill and removed to No.6 Casualty Clearing Station, where
he died of pneumonia February 15th, 1917.

FRED McTAGGART.
Fred McTaggart was born in the Township of South
Fredericksburgh and remained there until nine years of
age, when his parents moved to Napanee. For fifteen
years he lived there, until the time of his enlistment as
835,531 in the 146th. When this battalion was later
broken up for reinforcements it fell to his lot to be attached
to the 95th Battalion of the 4th Canadian Rifles, and from
October, 1916, until April, 1917, he served without mishap,
first at the Somme and then at Vimy Ridge. It was during
this latter engagement that he was shot through the breast
by a sniper and lived for only three hours. Private
Pennell, also of Napanee, was with him at the time, and was
able to write these particulars to the family.

JAMES A. McTAGGART.
The claim which this soldier has to a place in the
records of Lennox and Addington is that he lived for some
years at Hawley. He was born at Tyendinaga and enlisted
from Melita, :Manitoba. He joined the 22nd early in 1916,
and in October of that year left England with the 44th for
France. His unit served first at the Somme and then at
Vimy Ridge, and it was during the attack on Vimy on
March 3rd, 1917, that he was struck with a piece of shell

254 WAR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

while on a listening post. He was removed to No.1 Can-
adian General Hospital, France, where he soon succumbed
to the effects of his wound.

CHARLES ADELBERT NORRIS.
Charles Adelbert N orris, son of \Villiam Norris, of
Napanee, was one of the young men who during the early
spring of 1916 drilled daily upon the streets of Napanee as
a part of the 146th. After the first year and a half of the
war there were many new battalions formed, which were
assigned separate numbers and were distinct organizations
until they reached England, but few, if any, ever crossed
to France wearing the same regimental badge that was
given them upon enlistment. The older battalions that
entered the firing line in 1915 had been through many
battles, their ranks were being constantly reduced and
these losses had to be made good from the later arrivals in
England. Sometimes they would pass through a second
battalion in England solely for training purposes and be
redrafted into the battalion with which they were to engage
in fighting. This is what happened to the 146th. Upon
reaching England in October, 1916, it was absorbed by the
95th, a battalion of reserves which added the finishing
touches to the men arriving from Canada before they were
turned over to the fighting units in France. Young Norris,
with many other Lennox and Addington boys, went through
this yery course and found himself in France in November,
fighting side by side with the battle-scarred veterans of the
4 th Canadian Mounted Rifles. The German war machine
during this period was at its best. They were fighting on
many fronts; their men were falling by the thousands; but
thousands more seemed to spring out of the earth to take
their places and their crack battalions were opposed to the
Canadians. For ten months he fought with the Mounted
Rifles, an infantry battalion, although originally trained to
the use of horses. At the expiration of this period he
applied for and obtained his transfer to the heavy artillery,

IN MEMORIAM

!55

in order that he might be with his brother Stanley, whò
was a gunner in that branch of the service. While serving
,vith the battery he met with an accident and was invalided
to England. He recovered from this illness and was dis-
charged frOlD the hospital and, as was the custom, was sent
to a base camp to train up to the standard. This was soon
accomplished and he was pronounced fit for the front; but
was given the usual fourteen days sick leave, after which
he was to be sent back to his battery. While on this leave
he contracted the "flu", which was very prevalent at the
time, and died at Bramshott on November 9th, 1918, just
two days before the armistice was signed.

LORNE GOULD OLIVER.
Lome Gould Oliver for the first nineteen years of his
life lived about four miles west of Napanee. At the time
of his enlistment, however, he was living in Calgary, where
he enlisted with the 50th Battalion. In September, 1915,
he left Canada, and remained in England until the spring
of 1918. He then left for France as a sergeant in the
C. A. 1\-1. C. In August of that year, in the battle at
Amiens, he received his fatal wound. Major Bell, his
superior officer, wrote that he had been struck with an
enèn1Y bullet and killed instantly.

THOMAS L. PERRY.
Thomas L. Perry, No. 835,363, enlisted at Flinton in
the 146th. He was born at Myers' Cave and received his
education at the public school there, and was engaged as a
farm laborer from the time that he left school until he
enlisted. The 146th was broken up for reinforcements and
it fell to the lot of Private Perry to transfer to the 4th
C. M. R., and with them he proceeded to France. At Vimy
Ridge he was slightly wounded, but was able to resume his
place in the ranks shortly afterwards. At Passchendae!e
however, he met death by concussion, caused by a bursting
shell. Two of his companions from Cloyne, Joseph l\!iller

256 WAR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

and Herbert Hawley, were near him at the time, but death
was instantaneous and all that was left for them was as
tenderly as possible to lay his remains beneath the sod
where he had fallen.

WILLIAM EDWARD POWELL.
W. E. Powell's home was originally in New Brunswick.
He took public and High School instruction at Moncton,
later completing a business course at the l\loncton Business
College. Not satisfied with his attainments, he went to
Mount Allison University at Sackville, taking a course in
Civil Engineering. He came to Lennox and Addington as
a Railroad Engineer, with headquarters at Enterprise.
When the 146th was recruited he joined as a pioneer, and
in England was transferred to the 95th, with which unit
he went to France. In France he again transferred; this
time to the 4th C. M. R. For five months he saw active
service, and survived the first attack at Vimy. It was in
the advance that fallowed on the ca.pture of the Ridge that
he was fatally wounded. Letters from his companion,
Claude Bilton, and Geo. A. Cooper, of Enterprise who were
with him at the time, expressed appreciation of him as a
soldier and a companion.

ANSON PRINGLE.
Anson Pringle was a native of Denbigh, which town-
ship provided a goodly number of volunteers in proportion
to its population. It should also be borne in mind that it
is purely an agricultural district and that there was no
organized effort to secure recruits from that part of the
county. From a pure sense of duty he enlisted in May,
1916, at a time when the risks and dangers he was likely
to encoun ter were fully understood. In the following
February he crossed the Atlantic and as he had already
undergone a thorough course of drill he was not detained
in the training camps in England. He performed his part
faithfully until the armistice was signed, and was preparing

iN MEMORIAM

25'1

for the joyful homecoming when he was stricken down with
the "flu", and died in a Liverpool hospital on February 11th,
1919.

JOSEPH PRINGLE.
Joseph Pringle was born at Cloyne, and lived there
until at the early age of fifteen he left to make his way
in the world. He found employment at the cement works
at Point Anne, at which place he was engaged when he
joined the King's forces in June, 1915. He signed up with
the 39th, then recruiting in Belleville and went overseas
with them, later ransferring to the 38th. He was one of
the few Lennox and Addington boys who went to Bermuda
and remained there ten months before proceeding to Eng-
land. In August. 1916, he crossed to France and served
continuously until April 27th, 1917, when he was instantly
killed at Vimy.

w. ROSS PRINGLE.
W. Ross Pringle belonged to Amherst Island, and on
securing his entrance from the Public School there, went
to Kingston in order to attend the Collegiate. Graduating
fron1 the Collegiate he entered the employ of a bank, and
continued at that business until the call of his country
became too insistant to be disregarded. He was at Gadsby,
Alta., at the time and joined the 11th Canadian Field Am-
bulance as private 523380. In February, 1917, he left
Canada for England, and on August 7th of the same year
was in France. He remained with his unit throughout his
brief military career, seeing action at Lens, Amiens, Arras,
Canal de Nord and Cambrai. It was during the action at
Cambrai on the 19th of September, 1918, that he was fatally
wounded on the field of battle. During the two years he
had been in the service he had won many friends and was
held in high esteem by all his companions. Captain
Stirling, his officer commanding, and five of his comrades
wrote to his parents words of appreciation and sympathy
on the occasion of his death.

258 WiAR WiÜRK OF LENNOX AND ADDrNGTON

WILLIAM PRUE.
'Villiam Prue was the son of Leo Prue, of the Township
of Sheffield. He had no military experience previous to
his enlisting in the Canadian forces, but was accustomed
to lòng hours and hard work which enabled him to undergo
with comparative ease the severe training to which all
soldiers were subjected. He took part in the terrific battles
of 1918, which developed into the greatest artillery duels
the world has ever seen. He fell in action on August 27th,
1918.
JAMES RYERSON RANKIN.
Jan1es Ryerson Rankin was the son of Mr. Ryerson
Rankin, Napanee. At the time of his enlistment he was in
the employ of one of the banks at Ottawa. He enlisted in
August, 1914, and went over with the first contingent as a
driver in the Army Service Corps. After going through
the preliminary training at Salisbury Plain, he went to
France in February, 1915, and thereafter for two years and
four months he was in active service, during which period
he remained at his post as a driver in the A. S. Corps. In
order to avoid observation much of the work of trucking
supplies to the front line had to be done at night, and it was
while on this duty that his car was struck with a bomb from
a German aeroplane, and the driver seriously wounded. He
was rescued and taken to the casualty clearing station, and
next day, May 3rd, 1917, passed away, and was buried by
his comrades in the cemetery at Aubigney.

ROBERT A. REDFERN.
Robert A. Redfern, No. 814984, came to this county
from London, England, at the early age of eight years, and
was sent to the home of Goo. O. Anderson, Bath, where he
remained for the next nine years. Early in the spring of
1916 he enlisted in the 4th Pioneers at Cobourg, proceeding
with them to New Brunswick for training. While acting
as patrol along the St. Lawrence River, he was shot by a
deserter and was removed to the hospital, and after a time

IN MEMORIAM

259'

recovered sufficiently to go overseas, but on arrival in"
England he was immediately sent to the hospital, where he
remained during all the winter of 1916-17. In the spring
he was dismissed as medically fit once more, and went as
part of reinforcen1ents to the First Battalion. All through
the summer he was in the thick of the fighting, and on the
7th of November, 1917, was reported missing and later
officially reported "Killed in Action", on that date.

HERBERT REID.
Herbert Reid was the son of James Reid, of Flinton.
He enlisted in the 146th, and from his first admission to
the army won an enviable reputation for good behavior and
devotion to duty. He was transferred to the 4th Canadian
Mounted Rifles, and reached the trenches in October, 1916.
He had a full year of fighting, which terminated with the
struggle about Passchendaele. He developed great profi-
ciency in trench warfare, and on one occasion was given
ten days' leave to Paris for his bravery during a night raid.
The summer of 1917 was a very busy one on the western
front. The Americans had declared war and were carrying
on their preparations on a gigantic scale, and the Germans
knew that if the war was to be won by them it must be
done before these unlimited reinforcements reached
France. The Canadians had little rest night or day during
the summer and autumn months, for it was in this period
that the names Vimy Ridge, Langemarck, Hill 70, and
Passchendaele took on a new meaning, which they will
forever bear as synonymous with the endurance, courage
and resourcefulness of the Canadian soldier. Through it
all the Flinton boy came safely until that intense fighting
before Passchendaele, when the deadly aim of a German
sniper brought to an end a record of which any soldier
might well be proud.

JOSEPH W. G. ROBINSON.
Joseph W. G. Robinson was born at Camden East, and

'260 WAR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

lived there for the first seyenteen years of his life; but at
the time of his enlistment was living in Napanee. He
joined the 80th as a Lieutenant, but before leaving Canada
he was transferred to the 59th, and with them proceeded
to England and France. In France, he was again trans-
ferred, this time to the 60th. He went to France June
15th, 1916, and survived all the hard fighting of the early
summer, especially that around Hill 60, in which he parti-
cipated. It was at the Somme that he met death. "He
was leading his men to their position preparatory to making
an attack when he was shot through the head and instantly
killed." The foregoing is an extract from a letter to his
mother by Lt. Col. T. A. Cascoigne, the O. C. of the 60th,
who also added "your son was a splendid soldier as well as
a splendid man, always attentive, and assiduous in his duty;
well liked and respected by his officers and men."

CLANCY LAWSON ROGERS.
Clancy Lawson Rogers, a son of Matthew Rogers, of
Odessa, was born in Denbigh in December, 1894. He en-
listed in the Depot Battalion at Kingston, on June 15th,
1918, and was transferred to the 8th upon his arrival in
England. He was sent over to France, but shortly after
crossing the channel he was taken ill, and died of bronchial
pneumonia on October 30th, 1918.

ARTHLR ROSE.
Arthur Rose was born in Prince Edward County, but
when he was ten years of age, his parents removed to
Lennox and Addington. For the next nineteen years he
remained with them there, attending school and college
during the regular sessions, and spending the vacations at
work on the farm. At the time of his enlistment he was
a Divinity student at Albert College. He proceeded over-
seas in February, 1918, as a sergeant of a platoon of rein-
forcements for the 21st, which had suffered severe losses
during the heavy fighting of the summer campaign. On

IN MEMORIAM

261

August 16th he landed in France and proceeded to his
battalion. For one month only he saw active service. It
was near Cambrai that he was killed. Going up to the
front line trenches from the resen'e he was struck by an
enemy shell and instan tly killed.

RUSSEL G. SAMS.
Russel G. Sams was born and resided in Ernesttown
all his life. He joined the King's forces at Napanee, and
was sent to Barriefield for preparatory training. After
yaried experiences, including a shipwreck, he was picked
up by a fishing boat, and landed in England ill from cold
and exposure. For twenty-three days he remained in the
hospital, when he was discharged as fit and well, but a few
days later suffered a relapse, and was admitted to East-
bourne hospital with pleurisy. For six months he lan-
guished there under expert medical care, was transferred
to Orpington hospital and rapidly grew weaker until finally
he passed away before reaching the goal of his ambition,
the battle line in France.

FRANK H. SAVAGE.
Frank H. Savage was a railroad engineer, who enlisted
with the Construction Battalion in Toronto as private
343005. Shortly after he transferred to the Queen's Bat-
tery (72nd), which was recruited at Queen's University,
Kingston, and on April 12th, 1917, left for England. After
two months of intensive training there, they proceeded to
France and immediately went into action. From then on
until October 26th, he was continually in the thickest of
the fray. On that date he received his fatal injuries. No
particulars were received by the family. The brief official
note, and the burial report, stating he was buried at Brand-
lock :Military Cemetery No.3, Vlamertingle, was all the
information available.

'262 WAR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

FINNIN SCOTT.
Finnin Scott belonged to the northern part of the
county, where he had spent the greater part of his life as
a farmer. On February 23rd, 1918, he went over to Eng-
land with a company which was to serve as reinforcements
for the hard pressed battalions at the front, and on June
9th he crossed the channel with a detachment destined for
the 38th Battalion. From then on he witnessed and parti-
cipated in aI1 the fighting which took place around Amiens.
He survived the actual battle, though his greatest friend,
H. B. J. Doyle, of Ottawa, who was with him in the engage-
ment, was seriously wounded. It was after the main
action was over, while Scott and some others were out at
night in front of their lines repairing what damage they
could under cover of darkness, an enemy outpost detected
them and machine gun fire was opened. The little detach-
ment received the full force of it, and Pte. Scott, 3055973
fell with seven buI1et wounds in his body, and was buried
at Durymill Cemetery, south-east of Arras.

JOHN ROY SEDORE.
John Roy Sedore was a well known farmer from West-
plain, where he first saw the light of day, and where he had
spent all his life prior to the "great adventure" Early in
1916 he enlisted in the 146th at Tamworth, and on Septem-
ber 22nd set sail for England. After a brief months' train-
ing in England in the 4th C. M. R., he was ready for France.
During the remainder of that season's campaign and
through the winter he was engaged in actual warfare. It
was during the attack on Vimy, April 4th, 1917, that he
was reported missing. No information further than that
ever reached Canada.

JOHN JOSEPH SEXSMITH.
John Joseph Sexsmith, son of Thomas F. Sexsmith, of
Richmond, left for the West at the early age of twenty, and
was in Winnipeg at the time of his enlistment. He joined

IN MEMORIAM

263

the 221 1 st in April, 1917, and by June, 1917, was in France,
serving in the 78th. He had served in France for four
months, and during all that time was in active warfare.
It was in the great attack at Passchendaele in which so
many Canadians fell that he lost his life. He was shot
through the head by a German sniper and died instantly.

ROY SHORTS.
Roy Shorts, born May 2nd, 1895; killed in action, July
3rd, 1917. After leaving his home town, Newburgh, he
entered the employ of the "Trenton Courier", and later on
joined the staff of the "Belleville Ontario". Then he took
a course in Linotype operating in Toronto. He enlisted in
the 39th at Napanee in 1915, and left for England in De-
cember of the same year. He gained his sergeant's stripes
when in England, and was one of eight chosen from 1400
to attend the Lord Mayor's parade. He served as machine
gun instructor at Shorncliffe, but his ambition was to cross
to France. Time and again he applied to go over, but was
retained as instructor, but on one occasion when asked for
the names of eight men for France, he put his own name
at the head of the list, relinquished his sergeancy and went
as a private in the 5th Canadian Machine Gun Co. For a
year and a half he served in the front line, taking part at
St. Eloi, the Somme, and Vimy Ridge. He regained his
stripes and was gazetted as a Lieutenant. He was to
report in England for his commission, but was killed a week
before the appointed time by the explosion of an enemy
shell as he was directing the removal of the machine gun
from its emplacement.

ROSS SIMPKINS.
Ross Simpkins enlisted at Yarker as a private in the
146th. He had lived in Yarker the whole nineteen years
of his life. The battalion proceeded overseas with only
three companies. Private Simpkins had won his corporal's
stripe, and in order to get across had to revert to a private.

264 WAR WORK OF LENNOX' AND ADDENGTON

This he did, and landing in England their battaIiòn wa'S
broken up for reinforcements. He was slated for the 20th
-and proceeded to France with reinforcements for that unit.
He was killed three months later, May 9th, 1917, at Vimy.
He had weathered the first attack, but during the German
counter-attack a high explosive shell burst,nearby, complet-
ely burying him.
DON ALD B. SMITH.
Donald B. Smith was a native of Napanee, son of Mr.
H. E. Smith, the well known jeweller of the town. He was
attending the Napanee Collegiate, but left in order to serve
his country. The 72nd Queen's Battery was being recruit-
ed at the time, and Private Smith joined then1 in the capa-
city of a driver. The Battery left for England early in
April, 1917, and after training during that summer crossed
to France in September. Fron1 then on he held his post
as driver with the 72nd Battery, and it was when going
forward to what had been named Abraham Heights at
Passchendaele that a shell exploded nearby, killing him
instantly; the N. C. O. of the Battery being killed by the
same shell.
HARRY SPICER.
Harry Spicer was one of those whose death occurred
while in khaki, but before he reached the scene of actual
warfare. He was born at Northbrook, where he lived for
the first twenty years of his life. He was engaged as a
farmer at the time that the 146th was being recruited, and
leaving his work he united with them. He enlisted at
Flinton, and proceeded to Napanee, and thence to Kingston,
where he soon contracted a severe cold which developed
into pneumonia. He was removed to the Kingston General
Hospital, received all care and attention, but finally suc-
cumbed six weeks after he had entered the service.

JAMES STODDART
James Stoddart was of Scotch origin, and came to
Canada at the early age of ten. Settling in Croydon, he

iN' MEMOItJN}f

265

remained there until he united with the 146th Battalion to
serve his King and Country. He enlisted as a private and
went overseas in September, 1916, and by November of
the same year was in France. He was only five months
there, but during all that time was in active service. It
was during the battle at Vimy Ridge that he received his
fatal wounds. No particulars were ever received. The
brief notice, "Killed in Action", being all that his friends
received to tell then1 of the end of his military career and
his life.
JOSEPH WESLEY SWITZER.
Joseph '\Vesley Switzer was born at Tamworth, spent
practically all his life in this county, and at the time of his
enlistment was residing at Camden East. He joined the
59th in June, 1915, and proceeded at once to Barriefield,
where his battalion was encamped for the summer. He
was transferred to the 38th Battalion, and sent to Bermuda
on garrison duty. He was taken ill and honorably dis-
charged as physically unfit, in June, 1917. He was im-
patient to get into uniform again, and so far regained his
strength that in January, 1918, he was able to pass his
medical examination and was accepted in the 254th. He
crossed to England in June, and a few weeks later he
reached the front, which privilege had been denied him
when he first joined the army. While Bermuda is a favor-
ite resort in times of peace, it was altogether too peaceful
in war time for a soldier of private Switzer's temperament.
His fighting experience in France was most gratifying to
him as the allies were steadily regaining the lost territory
and capturing prisoners by the thousands and guns by the
hundred, but it was also short-lived, as he was killed in
action on October 11th, when victory was assured, and just
one month before the final act of surrender.

HERBERT JOHN THOMPSON.
Herbert John Thompson, of Tamworth, enlisted in C
Company of the 146th, in his home village, in January,

$6 'WAR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

1916. He remained with his battalion until it was broken
up in England in November, 1916, when he was sent to
France with a draft of reinforcements for the 4th C. M. R.
He fought with the Canadians in many of their heaviest
engagements, but was denied the honor of meeting death
upon the battlefield, as he was doomed to a lingering illness
though the effects of poison gas. It was at Vimy Ridge
that he first encountered this villainous product of German
treachery, but he remained at his post and did not undergo
regular treatment until several months after he had inhaled
the poison. He appeared to throw off the effects, and again
returned to the front and fought with the Canadians until
the armistice was signed. He overtaxed his strength and
the poison still lingering in his system, undermined his
constitution and he endured a long and painful illness,
terminating in his death at Sydenham Military Hospital
in Kingston, on January 6th, 1921. While a patient in
the hospital he showed that same fortitude in suffering that
he did upon the battlefield, and was given a soldier's funeral
with military honors, which his record so justly merited.

THE UNWIN BROTHERS.
We have purposely refrained from making any com-
parisons in our comments upon the service rendered to our
country and to the cause for which they fought by the
soldiers from our county. Some enlisted a few days after
war was declared, while others did not come forward until
the Military Service Act was in force. No one is competent
to pronounce judgment upon the relative sacrifice made
by different persons, unless familiar with all the circum-
stances in each case, and there are very many cir-
cumstances to be considered, such as age, occupation,
family connection and physical condition. We feel justi-
fied, however, in singling out for special mention, the six
sons of William and Melony Unwin, of Conway, as the
record of this family is most unique and has few parallels

IN M
MORIAM

267

in the Canadian or any other army. It was a remarkable
circumstance that one family should have six sons eligible
for military service, and quite as remarkable that all were
eager to serve and more remarkable still that all acquitted
themselves so nobly.
William David Unwin was the first of the brothers to
enlist. As soon as the news reached him upon his father's
farm in Fredericksburgh, that war was declared, he quit
the harvest field and enlisted at Kingston, in the 47th, as
No. 8154. He trained at Valcartier, crossed the Atlantic
on the Cassandra with the first contingent, and spent the
winter on Salisbury Plain. As a member of the 2nd Bat-
talion of the First Canadian Division, he went to France
in February, 1915, and was one of the first, if not the very
first, from this county to lay down his life for the flag he
loved so dearly. It was at the battle of Langemark. Vol-
unteers were called to lay a telephone line across open
country exposed to the fire of the enemy, and install an
instrument in a trench a thousand yards in advance of the
main body of the Canadian army. Private Unwin and a
comrade were the first to tender their services and were
assigned the important but dangerous task. They had pro-
ceeded about half way, and the German bullets were
whizzing past them, when Unwin remarked to his friend
that it was senseless for both of them to expose them-
selves, as the burden had been greatly reduced, so that he
could carry the remaining portion of the line through
alone. This he did and set up his instrument in the
advanced trench and all day long received the messages
from the rear. His brother, Sergeant Valentine Unwin,
was at the other end of the line and at dusk he passed along
a message from the Commanding Officer that the men were
to retire. William received and delivered the message and
the trench was successfully evacuated. Sgt. Unwin was
busy for hours in rescuing the wounded and, when this was
accomplished, he tried to recall his brother, who had re-
mained at his post, but received no reply. No trace of him

'268 WAR WORK OF 'LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

was ever found and nearly a twelve month later he was
officially reported "Killed in action".
Harry Wallace Unwin, the eldest of the six brothers,
was anxious to enlist at the same time as his brother,
William David, but reluctantly refrained from doing so at
the request of his parents. Upon receipt of the news that
this brother was missing, he sought to be relieved from the
'Promise given his mother in order that he might avenge his
brother's death. The release was granted and he promptly
joined the Q. O. R. at Toronto, on June 4th, 1915. He
trained at Niagara-on-the-Lake, and sailed for England on
the l\1etagama, in October. After further training at both
Shorncliffe and Bramshott, he was drafted into the 20th
Battalion and sent to France, in February, 1916, just one
year after his brother had crossed the channel. His
promotions were so rapid that he was soon transferred to
the 2nd Battalion, with the rank of Lieutenant. He took
párt in all the battles in which the Canadians were engaged
during the seven months following his arrival in France,
and no battalion did more effective work in punishing the
Gern1ans. His satisfaction in thus avenging his brother's
death was too short lived, as he fen in action at Courcellete
on September 22nd, 1916. The parents installed in St.
Thomas Church at Morven, a memorial window in memory
of these two sons.
Valentine William Wallace Unwin was the eldest of the
four remaining brothers, with whom we will deal in the
order of their respective ages. He had previous experience
in the Imperial Army and was admitted to the 47th as a
Corporal, being the rank formerly held by him in the 4th
Worcestershire Regiment. He crossed the ocean on the
same ship with his brother, William David, and went with
him to France in February, 1915. For two years he fought
with the Canadians, was promoted to a Lieutenant, was
five times mentioned in despatches and for his bravery
was awarded the Military Medal. He entered so strenu-
ously into his duties that the .strain was more than he could

IN MEMORIAM

269

endure, and he was granted three months' leave of absence,
and upon its expiration was retired in June, 1917. The fact
that his brother, William, met his death while executing a
mission assigned to him by Valentine, bore heavily upon
him. By March, 1918, he had so far regained his strength,
that he felt it his duty to again enter the fighting forces
of the hard pressed allies. He selected the most trying of
all fighting units, the Tank Battalion, and as private Unwin
joined the army a second time, in Toronto, crossed to Eng-.
land, was made a sergeant; but the war ended before he
had an opportunity to face the enemy again in his new
fighting machine.
Frederick Phillip Unwin was a member of the Imperial
Army in India when war was declared. He declined exemp-
tion to which he was entitled by reason of a recent illness,
and was attached to the Tigris expedition under the com-
mand of General Townsend. They had proceeded as far as
Ctesiphon when he was severely wounded in the left groin
and lay for three days upon the battlefield before he was
rescued and sent to the military hospital at Bombay. Had
he remained with the army he would have been among the
prisoners captured at Kut-el-amara. Although his suffer-
ing was bad enough, it was preferable to life or, what would
have been more probable, death in a Turkish prison.
Lawrence Bertram Unwin, at the age of twenty-three,
left his desk in the C. P. R. Accountant's office in Montreal,
and rushed to Valcartier just in time to join the First Con-
tingent before embarking for the Old Country. He was so
pressed for time that his two brothers did not know until
they reached Salisbury Plain that he had crossed the ocean
with them in the great Canadian Armada. His career was
brilliant, and his promotions rapid and well merited. He
was made a corporal before leaving Salisbury Plain; but all
other promotions were earned upon the battlefield. He
received but one wound and that a slight one. He quickly
passed through the offices of sergeant, lieutenant, and cap-
tain, to that of major, and was awarded the Military Cross.

27.0 WAR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

When his second brother fell in September, 1916, he was
granted leave on compassionate grounds, and returned to
Canada to visit his grief-stricken parents. In April, 1917,
he went back to England, trained troops for a time at
Witley, then rejoined his battalion and accompanied the
Canadian troops into Germany. Upon their return march,
he had the misfortune to break his leg in ra game of foot-
ball.
Victor Phillip Unwin, the 'sixth son of this family of
soldiers, was only fifteen years of age at the outbreak of
war and his greatest regret was that he was unable to
persuade the recruiting officer that he was old enough to
join the army. Shortly after passing his 18th birthday he
joined the mechanical department of the Royal Air Force,
and trained at Camp Rathbun and in Texas. Seeing little
prospect of getting overseas in that capacity he secured his
discharge, helped his father in the harvest of 1918, and then
joined the O. T. C. at Toronto. In a few weeks the armis-
tice was signed, and all hopes of reaching France were
doomed.
WILBUR c. VANDEVOORT.
Wilbur C. Vandevoort was one of the first to offer his
services to his country and one of the first to lay down his
life. He was twenty-one years of age when the war broke
out, and knew absolutely nothing about soldiering; but the
cause appealed to him and by August 20th, 1914, he was
in uniform taking his first lessons in military drill. He
enlisted with the 48th Highlanders in Toronto, trained at
Valcartier and went over with the 1st contingent. His
battalion had their full share of the mud and floods of
Salisbury Plains, and were glad enough when in February,
1915, the order came for them to pack their kits and
proceed to France to help stem the on-rush of the German
bordes. At Neuve Chapelle they witnessed all the horrors
of war and were straining at the leash to join in the -attack
but the Princess Patricia's alone had the honor of being the
first Canadians to be brought under fire. Their time soon

IN MEMORIAM

271

came; for in the middle of April the Canadians took over
the French trenches in the Ypres salient. It was on this
consecrated ground, where the Canadians in full force im-
mortalized themselves by their brave stand against the
Prussian Guards and poisonous gas, that young Vandevoort
met his death. The battle raged for many days and just
how or when the end came will probably never be known.
General Currie wrote that the battalion went into the line
912 strong, and at the next roll call only 227 answered to
their names. From one source it was learned that a high
explosive shell burst in the midst of a group of ten or twelve
of whom nothing rem'ained to identify them. There was
reason to believe that he was one of that number. He was
reported missing, and after several months of agonizing
suspense was officially reported dead.

CLAUDE B. VANLUVEN.
Claude B. Vanluven was the son of A. P. Vanluven,
who lived near Odessa. A few years ago the family moved
west to Lipton, Saskatchewan, and it was from there that
Claude enlisted early in 1916, and went overseas almost
immediately with a draft to reinforce the P. P. C. L. I., and
on arrival in France he was attached to the 4th Company
of this famous body of men, and from then on with only
the regular short leave and a period of a few weeks in the
hospital with trench feet, he was in all the engagements
in which his unit took part. It was one of the ironies of
fate, that after having seen active service from early in
1916 until the end of hostilities, he should finally succumb
to the ravages of the "flu" after the armistice was signed,
but before he had time to leave France.

DONALD HENRY ANDERSON WALKER.
Don Walker, as he was familiarly called, was the son
of Alonzo Walker, for many years a general merchant at
Enterprise. He was educated at the village school and
Napanee Collegiate Institute, and also took a course in

272 WAR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

Shaws' Business College at Toronto. He enlisted at Toron-
to as bandsman in the Q. O. R., in January, 1916, a few
weeks after attaining nineteen years of age. He trained
at Camp Borden, crossed to England in October, and on
to France early in 1917. Upon reaching France the band
was disbanded and he served in three separate units, the
124th Pioneers, the 12th Canadian Engineers, and lastly
as a stretcher-bearer.
In an engagemen t shortly before the armistice was
signed, he went over the top, and was in such close quarters
that he lost his steel helmet and was unable to regain it.
It was picked up by n1embers of another battalion, who
found in it a letter and photograph from a Toronto friend.
These were returned to the sender with the report that
Don was in all probability killed in battle, and for a few
days he was mourned as lost. The mistake was discovered
when the next mail brought a letter to his mother written
subsequently to the one announcing his probable death.
After the armistice was signed he continued to act as
stretcher-bearer, and was so engaged when that silent but
deadly enemy, the Influenza, attacked his battalion. The
work of the Army Medical Corps at this time was most
trying, but young Walker remained at his post until he
himself was stricken down. A dose of poisonous gas,
received earlier in the war, had left his lungs in a weakened
condition and he was unable to resist the insidious disease.
Bronchial-pneumonia speedily developed, and he was taken
to the hospital at Charleroi in Belgium, where he died the
following day, February 17th, 1919. In a letter to his
parents, announcing his death, his commanding officer
wrote :-"He was a splendid lad and a very capable soldier,
always attentive to his duty and ready to help out at any
time."
FREDERICK D. WALKER.
Frederick D. Walker was born at Napanee, October
4th, 1897, and resided there until the time of his enlist-
ment. He united with the 8th C. M. R., but was later

IN MEMORIAM

273

transferred to the 4th C. l\tI. R., and it was with this unit
that he crossed to France in February, 1916, and was there
only about four months. During the battle of Sanctuary
Wood he had survived the first attack and was temporarily
resting under an improvised shelter. Removing his helmet
to wipe his brow he was struck above the eye with a piece
of shell 'and instantly killed. The Germans regained and
held the trench, and' for this reason the body was never
secured, though his brother searched for it for days.

ALVIN E. WARTMAN.
Alvin E. Wartman, B.A., D.C.M., was born at Wesley,
near Newburgh. He attended the Newburgh High School,
Napanee Collegiate, and Queen's University. At Queen's
he took his B. A. degree in 1912, and entered the course
leading to the degree of B.Sc., but owing to an illness which
unfitted him for the strenuous life of a civil engineer, pro-
ceeded to the study of medicine. He enlisted at the out-
break of war with the 5th Field Ambulance, and informing
his parents of his decision wrote: "I though1 you would
concent to my going when you knew that wounded men lie
for days where they fall on the field of battle, unattended,
and with no one to help them." He was in active service
continually until September, 1916, and when busy at his
work of helping others, received the wound which resulted
in death. For his bravery during the heavy fighting of
September 15th and 16th, he was awarded the D. C. M.,
which was presented to his parents by General Flemming.
Of his ability and service, his superior officer paid him this
tribute : "He has been of great use to his comrades, his
officers and his country. I have depended on him often as
much as on my graduated medical officers."

JAMES F. WEBSDALE.
James F. Websdale, formerly of Napanee, enlisted at

.
7 4 WAR WORK OF LENNOX' AN-D ADDINGTON

l\Iedicine Hat in April, 1915, in the 13th Canadian Mounted
Rifles, and was afterwards transferred to the 27th of Win

nipeg. He received a troublesome wound at Vimy Ridge,
wnich threatened to cost him the loss of one eye. . For
several months he was treated by a French specialist at
Boulogne, but during this period was able to perform
yaluable services as transcriber and clerk in the orderiy
room. His next appearance at the front was in the role
of stretcher-bearer at the battle of Passchendaele in the
Spring of 1918; and a few weeks later he was in the
trenches again doing his part in the counter-attacks of the
allies upon the stubborn enemy. So well did he acquit
himself that in August he was recommended for a lieuten-
ancy. Before his well-earned promotion became an
accomplished fact he was wounded in the 'attack upon the
Hindenburg line on September 27th, and died in the Field
Ambulance while being conveyed from the battlefield to
the hospital. He was the type of young man that Canada
can ill afford to lose. His Chaplain and Commanding
Officer wrote. feelingly to his berea ved mother and bore
testimony to the esteem in which he was held in the bat-
talion as a Christian gentleman and a courageous soldier.

WILLIAM BERT WELLS.
William Bert Wells was a Napanee boy, who was
married and living at Niagara Falls; but in 1915 returned
to his native town to enlist for overseas service. He
cl'ossed with the third contingent and entered the front
lines in time to get a thorough training in trench warfare
during the winter of 1915-16. As the season advanced the
fighting became more intense and the demands upon the
'Soldiers were more exacting, but he measured up to the
standard and proved to be a worthy representative of old
loyalist county. He was killed in action on June 6th, and
left behind him his young widow and a four months' old
babe he had never seen.

IN MEMORI.NM

276

OSWALD K. WEMPe
Oswald K. Wemp belonged to Emerald, Amherst Is-
land, but at the time of his enlistment his parents were
living at Stella, while Oswald himself had removed to
Calgary to seek his life's work. Like many another' his
plans for the future were rudely broken by the changed
circumstances brought on by the war. He enlisted with
the 80th, but later transferred to the 31st, and left for
England in May, 1916, and from there proceeded to France
in September of the same year. For seven months he
served in France, on the Son1me and at Vimy. On l\Iay
22nd, 1917, during the attack on Fresnoy he was killed by
machine gun fire. He was but nineteen years of age when
he made the great sacrifice.

DELBERT WISKIN.
Delbert Wiskin was a Napanee boy, who at the time
that he joined the forces was living in Peterboro'. After
he had gone through the schools in Napanee, he was en-
gaged as mate on the old steamer Reindeer. Later he
removed with his parents to Peterboro', where he mastered
the patternmaker's trade. In June, 1916, he joined the
93rd, and later was transferred to the 18th machine gun
section. In September, 1916, he landed in France, and for
eight months was engaged in actual warfare, particularly
at Vimy and Passchendaele. It was during the battle 2t
Fresnoy that he met death. No particulars were ever
received.

CLEWORTH WOODS.
Cleworth Woods was born at Tamworth, in 1889, and
lived there for the first eleven years of his life, and then
his parents moved to the West. When the world war
broke out he was engaged as a manager of a drug store in
Winnipeg. He enlisted in August, 1914, in the Fort Garry
Horse, but when he went to France he was transferred to
the Lord Strathcona Horse. He landed in France early in

276 ,WAR WORK OF LENNOX AND ADDINGTON

1915, and from then on until the very month that the
armistice was signed, he remained on active service. On
several occasions he was offered a commission, but pre-
ferred to remain in the ranks with the few that were left
of those with whom he enlisted. He was recommended
for a decoration on five different occasions. To give a list
of the engagements in which he was engaged would be to
give an account of all the doings of his battalion from the
beginning to the end of the war. During March, 1918,
when the British forces were fighting with their backs to
the wall, the cavalry rendered very excellent service to the
cause of the allies. During that strenuous and anxious
time private Woods continued to do his part, and all
through the summer he was in the thick of the fighting.
It was in the drive from Cambrai to Le Cateau on October
9th, that this soldier who had seen four years' service met
his death. His company was attacking a machine gun
nest and had taken their objective, but in the attack in
some manner not known he, along with a number of others,
was killed. His body was interred in a cemetery at Bertry,
where it was visited after the armistice by a brother who
had served in the flying corps.

W. R. WOOD.
Few families have a war record equal to that of the
four Wood brothers, sons of the late William L. Wood, of
Flinton. All four volunteered for service in fighting units,
and all reached the front line except the youngest, who was
detained for service in Canada. The three who reached
France were in many of the fiercest battles, and all three
names appeared in the casualty lists. By a strange coin-
cidence the burdens of the war were borne in the order of
their respective ages. The youngest was not sent over-
seas; the next was once wounded; the third twice wounded,
and the fourth killed. W. R. Wood was the eldest of the
four. He enlisted in April, 1916, at Flinton, where a local

IN MEMORIAM

21'1

platoon of the '146th was organized, and spent the winter
in preIíminary training at their own village. He followed
them to Barriefield, where they continued to drill during
the summer, and crossed to England in early autumn.
Many of the original 146th were transferred to the 4th
C. M. R., which proved to be one of the best fighting units
in the Canadian Army. He was among the number, and
in September found himself in the trenches with the season-
ed fighters of this battalion. He followed the pace set by
them, took part in many winter raids and heavy battles of
the following spring and summer. He went over the top
at Vimy Ridge, shared the honors of that stubborn fight,
and was killed in action on August 23rd, 1917.

BRITTON WOODCOCK.
Britton Woodcock was living at Camden East when the
call came for more recruits in 1915. He enlisted in June,
in the 59th Battalion, and trained at Barriefield all summer
and in barracks for the greater part of the winter, and
crossed to England in March, 1916. He did not have to
wait long before he was sent over to France to serve as a
despatch rider. This office called for promptness and dar-
ing and, when a despatch was entrusted to a messenger, 'it
mattered not the hour of the day or night or the dangers
to be encountered, there was only one thing to do, and that
was to deliver the despatch without delay of any kind.
This, of course, meant thrilling adventures and narrow
escapes, and he had plenty of both. After serving in this
capacity for about a year, he was transferred to the
trenches, where he fought with the Canadians in all the
desperate battles of the first half of 1918. He is reported
to have inflicted many casualties upon a band of Germans,
who had sought shelter in a shell hole, by throwing a few
bombs among them. He was killed in action on the 26th
of August, 1918.

278 WAR WORK OF DENNOX AND ADDINGTON

THOMAS WILTON WOODCOCK.
Thomas Wilton Woodcock was a young farmer from
near Arden, where he enlisted as private 835108 in the
146th early in 1916. After the preliminary training in
Canada and England, he reached France in April, 1917. It
was during the attack on Passchendaele that he lost his
life. He had been in all the important engagements of the
summer's campaign and survived, but during the attack
on Passchendaele he was shot through the left shoulder
and under the right arm, and died instantly.

STANLEY HERBERT YORK.
Stanley York, son of Charles W. York, as his number,
8,591, indicates, was among the first to go. He was only
eighteen years of age at the time and was engaged as a
barber in Napanee. After the experience at Valcartier
and Salisbury Plains, he went over with the First Canadian
Division, in February, 1915, and proceeded imn1ediately
into the front line. He was among those who met the first
gas attack of the enemy at Ypres, and came through
unhurt. From then on through the summer he partici-
pated in all the engagements in which the Canadians took
part, and when winter set in was among those who took
their regular turn in the front line trenches. With the
opening of the spring campaign, the Germans had deter-
mined at all costs to wrest from the Canadians the famous
Ypres salient, and after an intense bombardment lasting ten
days succeeded on June 2nd in gaining the advanced
trenches. The Canadians, however, retaliated with a
heavy bombardment, and for two weeks the guns scarcely
ceased. At 1.30 on the 13th of June, the Canadian infantry
went forward and re-took the trenches which had been lost
to them in the former engagement. It was at this time
that Stanley York, while assisting in consolidating the
gains, was killed by the explosion of a shell near by, and
completely buried where he fell.

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