Historic, archived document

Do not.assume content reflects current
scientific knowledge, policies, or practices.

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Intermountain
Research Station

Resource Bulletin
INT-63

July 1989

Timberland and Woodland
Resources Outside National
Forests in Northeastern New
Mexico, 1987

Dwane D. Van Hooser

|

THE AUTHOR

DWANE D. VAN HOOSER is project leader of the Forest
Survey Research Work Unit at the Intermountain Research
Station. He holds a B.S. degree in forestry and an M.S.
degree in forestry and business management from Southern
Illinois University, Carbondale. He began his Forest Service
career in 1964 with the Southern Forest Experiment Station,
New Orleans. Before coming to Ogden, he held a staff posi-
tion at the Forest Service national headquarters in
Washington, DC.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The Intermountain Research Station gratefully acknowl-
edges the cooperation of the New Mexico Natural Resource
Department, Forestry Division, and the Bureau of Land Man-
agement, U.S. Department of the Interior. We extend a
special note of gratitude to Mr. Bill Chapel, New Mexico
State Forester, and his staff; New Mexico State Office of the
Bureau of Land Management; and the private land owners
who provided information and access to field sample
locations.

RESEARCH SUMMARY

The forest land base outside the National Forests in north-
eastern New Mexico totals more than 2 million acres. Pri-
vate individuals or companies own 1,795,000 acres of these
forests. Acres supporting stands of timber species total
820,000, while the woodland resource, typified by stands of
pinyon-juniper, accounts for more than 1.2 million acres.
These areas contain wood volumes of 735 million cubic feet
and 507 million cubic feet, respectively. This report presents
additional information on the land base, timberland and
woodland area, and associated inventory volume, growth,
and mortality.

PREFACE

The primary objective of Forest Survey—a continuing,
nationwide undertaking of the Forest Service, U.S. Depart-
ment of Agriculture—is to provide an assessment of the
renewable resources for the forest lands of the Nation.
Fundamental to the accomplishment of the objective are the
periodic State-by-State resource inventories. Originally,
Forest Survey was authorized by the McSweeney-McNary
Act of 1928. The current authorization is through the
Renewable Resources Research Act of 1978.

The Intermountain Research Station with headquarters in
Ogden, UT, conducts the forest resource inventories for the
Rocky Mountain States of Arizona, Colorado, Idaho,
Montana, New Mexico, Nevada, Utah, and Wyoming. These
inventories provide information on the extent and condition
of the forests—its volume of wood and stand dynamics as
expressed by growth, removals, and mortality for State,

privately owned, and most other forest lands not in the
National Forest System. These data, when combined with
similar information on National Forest lands, provide a basis
for forming forest policies and programs and for the orderly
development and use of the resources.

CONTENTS
Page
MUN OCU ee cance ceeresaseyscaavanes caraceaeeyasee cw arieeerae eee aoe ae 1
LIGINIGIIS§.2.se-telecers cccacestier cts eter csc cass coh aranceree ser eerste ake 2
aN ck MERE ROE Pep eee eis Beery reer eer epee reer ee pecenee tenes aere 2
Witmberland 225-2. cess sees ceases seterteetcateute eee tate neaeeeeee tees 3
WU CO GIANG sezccitogeettaaetv cece tacesasneces cece tt etree eee 8
How the Inventory Was Conducted ............cccccceecceesseeeneeeees 12
Pretiold' 2.2.22. c.kccsecccccomecs ete teeter ree eee 12
TRICO eevee heece tients ee ancsteette eee 12
OINOU ANON aot a2- ee cctenacetaacte areata ceeesee van eenes en teereeeees 12
Datta: FGI ADINY oo nxccshessssenacescgaasaecaccveacesacacecs ausonerarcncceemeces™ 13
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PREFERENCES voce esti ne che reeeccnere Meee eee et 17
FOREST SURVEY TABLES

1. Total land and water area by ownership class in
northeastern New Mexico, 1987 .............ccecceeeeseeeeees 18

2 .Area of forest land outside National Forests with
percent standard error in northeastern New Mexico,

3. Net volume, net annual growth, and annual

mortality of growing stock and sawtimber on forest

land outside National Forests with percent standard

error in northeastern New MeXiCo..............::ccceeeeeeeees 20
4. Total land area outside National Forests by major

land class and ownership class in northeastern

NeW Mexicog 1987 vis csi sittovee eter ete se taatcaeaena re 21

Timberland Tables

5. Area of timberland outside National Forests by

forest type, stand-size class, and productivity

class in northeastern New Mexico, 1987 ................. 22
6. Area of other publicly owned timberland by forest

type, stand-size class, and productivity class in

northeastern New Mexico, 1987 ............:ceeeseesteeeeeees 24
7. Area of privately owned timberland by forest type,

stand-size class, and productivity class in

northeastern New Mexico, 1987 ..........eeceeseeeeseeeeees 26
8. Area of timberland outside National Forests by

stand volume and ownership class in

northeastern New Mexico, 1987 ............:ccecseeeeeeeeees 28
9. Area of timberland outside National Forests by

forest type and area condition class in northeastern

NEW Mexico, 1987 cscccc.cecissecietessatiisiers her cee earner 29

10. Number of growing-stock trees on timberland
outside National Forests by species and diameter
class in northeastern New Mexico, 1987 ..............06. 30

Intermountain Research Station
324 25th Street
Ogden, UT 84401

1A.

12.

13.

14.

20.

21.

22.

23.

24.

20:

26.

Pa fe

Page
Number of cull and salvable dead trees on timber-
land outside National Forests by ownership class,
and softwoods and hardwoods in northeastern
New Mexico 1987) was. cscecsescecteccbeccs Sececststestecsateehe castes 31
Net volume of growing stock on timberland outside
National Forests by ownership class, forest type,
and stand-size class in northeastern New Mexico,

Net volume of sawtimber (International ‘/«-inch

rule) on timberland outside National Forests by
ownership class, forest type, and stand-size class

in northeastern New Mexico, 1987 ...........::cccccseeeeeee 33
Net volume of sawtimber (Scribner rule) on

timberland outside National Forests by ownership
class, forest type, and stand-size class in north-
eastern New Mexico: 1987) .2c...cc.cccecc:cceenecseceserseoceses 34

. Net volume of growing stock on timberland outside

National Forests by species and ownership class in
northeastern New Mexico, 1987 ...........:.ccceceeseeeeeeeees 35

. Net volume of sawtimber (International '/«-inch rule)

on timberland outside National Forests by species
and ownership class in northeastern New Mexico,

. Net volume of sawtimber (Scribner rule) on timber-

land outside National Forests by species and
ownership class in northeastern New Mexico, 1987..37

. Net volume of growing stock on timberland outside

National Forests by species and diameter class in
northeastern New Mexico, 1987 ......... ccc eeeeeeeeeeteees 38

. Net volume of sawtimber (International '/s-inch rule)

on timberland outside National Forests by species
and diameter class in northeastern New Mexico,

Net volume of sawtimber (Scribner rule) on timber-
land outside National Forests by species and

diameter class in northeastern New Mexico, 1987 ....40
Net volume of timber on timberland outside National
Forests by class of timber, and softwoods and hard-
woods in northeastern New Mexico, 1987................. 44
Net volume of growing stock on timberland outside
National Forests by forest type and species in
northeastern New MexXico, 1987 .........ccccessecereeeeeeees 42
Net volume of sawtimber (International '/s-inch rule)

on timberland outside National Forests by forest

type and species in northeastern New Mexico,

BOT cosa rosea acecuecace sea loetes Fas sotenes bu casteadacanceeiecs prscasecsts 43
Net volume of sawtimber (Scribner rule) on timber-
land outside National Forests by forest type and
species in northeastern New Mexico, 1987............... 44
Net annual growth of growing stock on timberland
outside National Forests by species and ownership
class in northeastern New Mexico, 1986................... 45
Net annual growth of sawtimber (International

‘/s-inch rule) on timberland outside National Forests

by species and ownership class in northeastern

INE WiMOKICO 19S Osos hoe Baie ccc esl eeedeesbdesessstacitiieses 46
Net annual growth of sawtimber (Scribner rule) on
timberland outside National Forests by species and
ownership class in northeastern New Mexico,

VSG eeserrcssee cece sce ccstancatee ste net sects ios ceoeaoees sepbe aveninssevis 47

Page

28. Net annual growth of growing stock on timberland
outside National Forests by species and diameter

class in northeastern New Mexico, 1986 ..........000......

29. Net annual growth of sawtimber (International

‘/a-inch rule) on timberland outside National Forests

by species and diameter class in northeastern New

MexiCO, 1986 2oi2k cs: ..-.cccccsseccsceccchoracescovssesccvecccsseccesecs-

30. Net annual growth of sawtimber (Scribner rule) on
timberland outside National Forests by species and

diameter class in northeastern New Mexico, 1986...

3

pars

. Annual mortality of growing stock on timberland
outside National Forests by species and ownership

class in northeastern New Mexico, 1986 ...................

32. Annual mortality of sawtimber (International ‘/s-inch
rule) on timberland outside National Forests by
species and ownership class in northeastern New

NIGXICO LSS Cierra neers cee eae are see reece ease

33. Annual mortality of sawtimber (Scribner rule) on

timberland outside National Forests by species and

ownership class in northeastern New Mexico,

VO BG ee cesrecrascssecencnccosecescecesuceceseaneotsegesscetaseaspercebanceee.

34. Annual mortality of growing stock on timberland
outside National Forests by species and diameter

class in northeastern New Mexico, 1986 ...................

35. Annual mortality of sawtimber (International '/s-inch
rule) on timberland outside National Forests by
species and diameter class in northeastern New

WMOXICOs 1986 a iiscc ccc cecesceeste ccs scccosessescccuusectvessvsveseseests

36. Annual mortality of sawtimber (Scribner rule) on

timberland outside National Forests by species and
diameter class in northeastern New Mexico, 1986...

37. Annual mortality of growing stock on timberland
outside National Forests by species and cause of

death in northeastern New Mexico, 1986 .............0...

38. Annual mortality of sawtimber (International ‘/s-inch
rule) on timberland outside National Forests by
species and cause of death in northeastern New

MEXICO! TS BG iecccoio cc ccces sod cocecct ccosvececessececesseevescbel neve:

39. Annual mortality of sawtimber (Scribner rule) on
timberland outside National Forests by species
and cause of death in northeastern New Mexico,

Woodland Tables
40. Area of woodland outside National Forests by
forest type and ownership class in northeastern

New MeXxiCo 5198 7e neice ces accs sec ceca tewecccstcssaceccetcssiee

41. Area of woodland outside National Forests by
ownership class, forest type, and productivity class

in northeastern New Mexico, 1987 ..........ccccceeeeeeeeeees

42. Area of woodland outside National Forests by
ownership class, forest type, and volume class in

northeastern New Mexico, 1987 ...........ceceeeeeeeeeeeeeeees

43. Number of trees on woodland outside National
Forests by ownership class, species, and diameter

class in northeastern New Mexico, 1987 ..........000.....

44. Net volume on woodland outside National Forests
by species and ownership class in northeastern

New Mexico, 1987 ...... ccc cccccccccccceecccueccuecceueeeeeeeeeene

45. Net volume of woodland species on woodland
outside National Forests by ownership class,
species, and diameter class in northeastern New

MOXICONSI9 8 Jose co 5, voce Seaamcon seated cscs stbenae ve teceds toes tease

.50

.56

46.

47.

48.

49.

50.

51.

52.

53.

Page
Net volume on woodland outside National Forests
by ownership class, forest type, and productivity
class in northeastern New Mexico, 1987 ................. 66
Net volume on woodland outside National Forests
by ownership class, forest type, and volume class
in northeastern New Mexico, 1987 ............ccccceeseeees 67
Net dead volume of woodland species on woodland
outside National Forests by ownership class,
species, and diameter class in northeastern New
MEXICO OB 7 2n.2 cae Aasssa sei otnbe cass veneer ehicecese dace 68
Net dead volume of woodland species on woodland
outside National Forests by ownership class, forest
type, and productivity class in northeastern New
Mexico, 1987 sccctecis sesshaiedeevens ddevbsihaccensbveetiedexegscecgboaee 69
Net dead volume of woodland species on woodland
outside National Forests by ownership class, forest
type, and volume class in northeastern New Mexico,

Net annual growth on woodland outside National
Forests by species and ownership class in
northeastern New Mexico, 1986 ..............c:ceceeseeeeeeees 71
Net annual growth of woodland species on wood-

land outside National Forests by ownership class,
species, and diameter class in northeastern New
MEXICO: N98 G nice case vee satecits Govceaeevsieieictaccanmeestasavexsaces 72
Net annual growth on woodland outside National
Forests by ownership class, forest type, and produc-
tivity class in northeastern New Mexico, 1986........... 73

54.

55.

56.

Sf.

Page
Net annual growth on woodland outside National
Forests by ownership class, forest type, and volume
class in northeastern New Mexico, 1986.................. 74
Annual mortality on woodland outside National
Forests by species and ownership class in north-
eastern New Mexico, 1986 .............cccceceesseseeeesseseees 75
Number of pinyon Christmas trees on woodland
outside National Forests by ownership class, grade,
and height class in northeastern New Mexico,
VOB eo ssince tse so ccneohc ccs ceavectensstceearvesteetiessttcecveseil auetedtes ic: 76
Number of fenceposts on woodland outside
National Forests by ownership class, species, and
type of post in northeastern New Mexico, 1987......... 77

County Tables

58.

59.

60.

61.

62.

Area of timberland outside National Forests by

county in northeastern New Mexico, 1987 ................ 78
Net volume of growing stock and sawtimber on
timberland outside National Forests by county in
northeastern New Mexico, 1987 ...........cceescesseceeseeees 79
Net annual growth of growing stock and sawtimber

on timberland outside National Forests by county

in northeastern New Mexico, 1986 .............cceeeeeeee 80
Annual mortality of growing stock and sawtimber on
timberland outside National Forests by county in
northeastern New Mexico, 1986 .............ceeeesseceeeseees 81
Area, net volume, net annual growth, and annual
mortality on woodland outside National Forests by
county in northeastern New MeXico ............seeeeeeeeee 82

Timberland and Woodland
Resources Outside National
Forests in Northeastern New
Mexico, 1987

Dwane D. Van Hooser

INTRODUCTION

This report presents the principal findings of the most recent Forest Survey of the timber-
land and woodland resources outside the National Forests in northeastern New Mexico
(fig. 1). Phase I of the survey began in 1985 with the collection and reconciliation of area in-
formation and aerial photo interpretation. The field phase began in early March 1987 and
was completed in mid-November of the same year.

RIO ARRIBA

BERNALILLO

CATRON

Figure 1—Northeastern New Mexico counties.

Area

The resource statistics in this report include estimates for those lands in private owner-
ship and those public lands administered by the Bureau of Land Management, U.S. Depart-
ment of the Interior, other Federal agencies, the State of New Mexico, and county and mu-
nicipal governments. Reserved areas, such as those lands administered by the National
Park Service, USDI, are not field sampled but are included in the total area summaries
(table 1). Area estimates for those lands administered by the National Forest System, For-
est Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, are also included in table 1. However, associ-
ated resource estimates are not included in this report but will be combined with the esti-
mates presented here and in other survey unit reports to form the basis for a comprehensive
statewide analysis of New Mexico's forest resource situation.

HIGHLIGHTS

The eight counties that compose northeastern New Mexico contain 16.4 million acres. A
substantial portion of the area—more than 80 percent—is owned by private individuals and
firms (fig. 2), while public agencies such as the Bureau of Land Management and the State
of New Mexico administer just over 3 million acres.

PRIVATE
81.35% NATIONAL FOREST
4.87%

OTHER PUBLIC:
MISC. FEDERAL
COUNTY & MUNICIPAL,
NATIONAL PARKS
0.13%

STATE
12.68%

BUREAU OF
LAND MANAGEMENT
0.93%

Figure 2—Distribution of land by ownership in northeastern New Mexico, 1987.

Of the 15.6 million acres of land outside the National Forests in northeastern New Mexico
more than 2 million meet minimum stocking requirements to be classified as forest land.
Over 800,000 acres are stocked with timber species while more than 1.2 million acres are
classified as woodland (fig. 3).

Timberland

WOODLAND
7.92%

TIMBERLAND
5.26%

\
NONFOREST Y /
86.82% \ /

Figure 3—Distribution of land outside National Forests by type of land in
northeastern New Mexico, 1987.

Area—Most of the 765,000 acres of timberland in private holdings are potentially available
for harvesting. Of the 7 percent of the timberland base administered by public agencies, only
388 acres are reserved. Stands in which ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) and Douglas-fir
(Pseudotsuga menziesii) predominate constitute more than four-fifths of the timberland area
(fig. 4). The other coniferous types, which include spruce-fir, white fir, and spruce, account
for more than 85,000 acres of timberland. And aspen (Populus tremuloides) is predominant
on 3 percent of the timberland acres.

PERCENT

FOREST TYPE

Figure 4—Distribution of timberland outside National Forests by forest
type in northeastern New Mexico, 1987.

Sawtimber-size stands occupy over three-quarters of the timberland area (fig. 5). A total
of 20 percent is in the less mature poletimber category, while only a small amount—some
19,000 acres—is in seedling/sapling stands or is nonstocked.

PERCENT

) a pa es
SAWTIMBER POLETIMBER SAPLING/SEEDLING NONSTOCKED
SIZE CLASS

Figure 5—Distribution of timberland outside National Forests by
stand-size class in northeastern New Mexico, 1987.

All of the timberland acres are capable of producing 20 cubic feet or more per acre on an
annual basis. However, less than 2 percent of the area has the inherent natural ability to
produce more than 85 cubic feet per acre per year. Altogether the average annual growth
that could be attained under natural conditions for northeastern New Mexico timberlands is
just under 40 cubic feet per acre.

The majority of the timberland acres support stands containing up to 5,000 board feet per
acre (fig. 6). Nearly 30 percent of the timberland area contains less than 1,500 board feet
per acre, while less than 2 percent support stands containing more than 10,000 board feet
per acre.

PERCENT

a «
on aera

<1500 1500-4999 5000-9999 >10000

STAND VOLUME CLASS

Figure 6—Distribution of timberland outside National Forests by
stand-volume class in northeastern New Mexico, 1987.

Nearly 63 percent of the timberland acres are less than fully stocked (fig. 7). Moreover, the
294,000 acres that are classified as fully stocked contain only a small component of stocking
in trees that would be featured in a structured management regimen. At the opposite ends of
the stocking spectrum there are 129,000 acres in old growth stands, that is, those in excess of
100 years of age; and nearly 8,000 acres that are in a nonstocked condition.

2

=

PERCENT

1

OLD FULLY MEDIUM-FULL POORLY NONSTOCKED
GROWTH STOCKED STOCKED STOCKED

STOCKING CONDITION

Figure 7—Distribution of timberland outside National Forests by
stocking condition in northeastern New Mexico, 1987.

The timberlands of northeastern New Mexico support more than 291 million growing-
stock trees. Most are coniferous species, and just under 10 percent are aspen. Some 58
percent of trees are under 5.0 inches in diameter at breast height (d.b.h.) (fig. 8). More than
one-fourth are classed as poletimber, and of those of sufficient size to be labeled sawtimber,
just under 3 million or 1 percent of the population exceed 17.0 inches d.b.h. In addition to
the growing-stock trees, timberland stands contain nearly 1 million cull trees, and they are
about equally divided between rough culls and trees with more than two-thirds of their vol-
ume in rotten or missing wood. There are another 10 million trees that are dead but still
sufficiently sound to meet minimum merchantability standards. Nearly all of the rough and
rotten cull and salvable dead trees occur on private holdings.

PERCENT

0 ap a y,
SAPLING POLETIMBER SMALL SAWTIMBER LARGE SAWTIMBER
<17" D.B.H. >17" D.B.H.

TREE SIZE CLASS

Figure 8—Distribution of growing-stock trees on timberland out-
side National Forests by tree size class in northeastern New
Mexico, 1987.

Volume—tThe timberland acres support 735 million cubic feet of growing stock, including
2.5 billion board feet (International 1/s-inch rule) of sawtimber. The volume in cull trees—
both rough and rotten—and salvable dead trees add an additional 46 million cubic feet to the
timberland “wood pile.”

Assuming an equivalent distribution of growing stock, cull, and dead volume, sawtimber
stands contain more than 80 percent of the volume on timberland. The remainder is in
poletimber stands. The 7,600 acres classed as nonstocked truly are and do not contain any
volume. Moreover, seedling/sapling stands contain a relatively minor amount of growing-
stock volume and are completely void of any board-foot volume.

As with timberland area, the bulk of the growing-stock and sawtimber volume—93 and 92
percent, respectively—is found on private land.

The distribution of growing-stock volume bodes well for the future. About 26 percent is in
poletimber size trees, nearly 60 percent is in sawtimber size trees under 17.0 inches d.b.h.,
and trees over 17.0 inches d.b.h. account for the remaining 15 percent (fig. 9). More than
three-fourths of the board foot volume is contained in trees less than 17.0 inches d.b.h.

PERCENT

20 | | | | |
| | | | |
||

POLETIMBER SMALL SAWTIMBER LARGE SAWTIMBER
<17" D.B.H. 217" D.B.H.

TREE SIZE CLASS

Figure $—Distribution of growing-stock volume on timberland
outside National Forests by tree size class in northeastern
New Mexico, 1987.

One species—ponderosa pine—singly accounts for more than half of the growing-stock and
sawtimber volume (fig. 10). Douglas-fir accounts for about one-fifth of the total growing-stock
and sawtimber volume. Aspen, the only western hardwood encountered, contributes 42 mil-
lion cubic feet to the growing-stock inventory. The other coniferous species tallied include
white fir (Abies concolor), Engelmann spruce (Picea engelmannit), limber pine (Pinus flexilis),
and subalpine fir (Abies lasiocarpa). Together they account for some 154 million cubic feet or
21 percent of the inventory.

PERCENT
a
°
i

SPECIES

Figure 10—Distribution of growing-stock volume on timberland
outside National Forests by species in northeastern New Mexico,
1987.

Woodland

Components of Change—While the average acre of timberland has the inherent ability
to produce nearly 40 cubic feet per acre per year, the actual gross growth per acre is 28 cubic
feet, 70 percent of potential. After deducting mortality from gross growth, the net annual
increase is 22 cubic feet per acre, and this represents an annual “interest” rate of about 2.4 .
percent. Thus, in total the timberlands in northeastern New Mexico are accruing some 22
million cubic feet per year, and mortality is taking 4.4 million cubic feet per year for a net
annual gain to inventory, in the absence of harvest, of more than 17 million cubic feet.

The Douglas-fir component of the growing-stock inventory is being depleted at an annual
rate of 2.7 percent, due primarily to insect infestations on poletimber and small sawtimber-
sized trees.

Area—Woodland types occupy some 1.2 million acres in northeastern New Mexico, and
most of it—more than 80 percent—is privately owned (fig. 11). Of those agencies admini-
stering woodlands, the New Mexico Natural Resource Department manages more than
177,000 acres, while the Bureau of Land Management, other miscellaneous Federal agen-
cies, and county and municipal governments exercise control over a combined total of
26,000 acres.

OTHER PUBLIC
17.00%

PRIVATE
83.00%

Figure 11—Distribution of woodland outside National Forests by
ownership in northeastern New Mexico, 1987.

The most dominant woodland type is the pinyon-juniper complex (P-J) (fig. 12). Those
stands, which are made up of pinyon (Pinus edulis) and juniper species (Juniperus scopulo-
rum, J. osteosperma, J. monosperma), predominate on 1.1 million acres. Pure juniper stands
and stands composed of Gambel oak (Quercus gambelii) constitute the remainder of the
woodland area.

PERCENT

7 Tl == |

PINYON-JUNIPER JUNIPER OAK
FOREST TYPE

Figure 12—Distribution of woodland outside National Forests by
forest type in northeastern New Mexico, 1987.

In an attempt to classify woodlands into productivity or management categories, criteria
were developed to describe the acres in terms of their ability to produce products on a sus-
tained basis, their accessibility, and their stockability. Those areas that are considered high
site have the following qualities: (1) they have the potential to produce more or less sustained
crops of woodland products—fence posts, Christmas trees, and fuelwood; (2) they are reasona-
bly accessible—less than 30 percent slope, and (3) they can be expected to regenerate
naturally. Those that do not meet these criteria are assigned the low site classification. In
northeastern New Mexico 980,000 acres meet or exceed the criteria for high site lands (fig.
13). Most of the acres are in private ownership and are classified as P-J.

HIGH SITE
80.00%

LOW SITE
20.00%

Figure 13—Distribution of woodland outside National Forests
by productivity class in northeastern New Mexico, 1987.

Altogether there are more than 343 million trees represented by those sampled during the
field inventory. Almost all are either pinyon or the juniper species, at 48 and 43 percent,
respectively. Nearly 38 percent of the trees are sapling size, that is, less than 3.0 inches di-
ameter at root collar (d.r.c.), and nearly 85 percent are less than 9.0 inches d.r.c. (fig. 14).
Most of the pinyon are less than 15.0 inches d.r.c. While the juniper species tend to cluster
around the small end of the diameter spectrum, samples were encountered within each di-
ameter class.

PERCENT

DIAMETER CLASS

Figure 14—Distribution of trees on woodland outside National
Forests by diameter at root collar class in northeastern New
Mexico, 1987.

Volume—Northeastern New Mexico’s woodlands support 506.8 million cubic feet of vol-
ume. Some 58 percent of this volume is contained in juniper stems and 38 percent in pinyon.
The oaks account for just under 1 percent. In addition to the woodland species there is an
additional 13.6 million cubic feet of Douglas-fir and ponderosa pine growing on the woodland
areas.

The average woodland acre supports 412 cubic feet, and 127,600 acres support stands with
more than 1,000 cubic feet to the acre (fig. 15). Most of the high volume stands are in the
P-J complex, and most of the oak stands support low volume per acre.

~“
oOo
Va ed Le

PERCENT
uo
o
L

0-199 200-399 400-599 600-799 800-999 1000+
FT3/ACRE FT3/ACRE FT3/ACRE FT3/ACRE FT3/ACRE FT3/ACRE

STAND VOLUME CLASS

Figure 15—Distribution of woodland area outside National Forests by
stand volume class in northeastern New Mexico, 1987.

Unlike their timber counterparts, the only merchantability standard that applies to wood-
land species is the ability of given users to convert standing trees into products that have
utility for them. Thus, all of the material is potentially usable. In addition to the 506 million
cubic feet of live material potentially available, there is an additional 79 million cubic feet
present in the form of dead wood (fig. 16). And all of it would qualify as fuelwood. Ironically,
most of this dead material is contained in live trees, and more than half is in stands that
support more than 1,000 cubic feet—about 12 cords—of dead material per acre.

TOTAL VOLUME

MILLION FT3

DIAMETER CLASS

Figure 16—Distribution of cubic foot volume on woodland outside
National Forests by diameter at root collar class in northeastern
New Mexico, 1987.

11

Prefield

Field

Compilation

One product that commonly comes from pinyon is Christmas trees. Criteria have been
developed, based on height and form, for classifying pinyon into various Christmas-tree
grades, and these standards were applied to each pinyon tallied. Of the 168 million pinyon
trees in the inventory, nearly 30 million met the minimum standards for Christmas trees.
Most of these—some 25 million—were utility grade. Slightly more than 4 million trees met
the specifications for the more desirable standard grade, and just 112,000 made the pre-
mium class, which is the most desirable. Assuming an average price of $2 on the stump,
these trees represent a total value of nearly $60 million to the private landowners of north-
eastern New Mexico.

A common product generated from the juniper and oak species is fenceposts. Two classes
are generally recognized—line and corner. Altogether an estimated 26.9 million fenceposts
could be harvested from the woodland acres. About two-thirds of these are line posts, while
8.8 million are the more valuable corner variety.

Components of Change—Net annual growth per acre amounts to 5.4 cubic feet. This
amounts to an annual increase of 6.7 million cubic feet in woodland inventory. The most
productive woodland sites are those on which oak predominates, and they are growing 6.8
cubic feet per acre per year. The P-J complex is producing about 5.7 cubic feet per acre per
year, while the juniper species are adding 2.8 cubic feet per acre annually. In total, the
woodland inventory is increasing at a net annual rate of 1.3 percent.

HOW THE INVENTORY WAS CONDUCTED

The inventory was designed to provide reliable statistics primarily at the State and survey
unit levels.

Initial area estimates were based on the classification of 62,829 sample points systemati-
cally placed on the latest aerial photographs available. The sample points were summarized
and grouped into strata for subsequent field sampling. The photo points, adjusted to meet
known land areas, were used to compute area expansion factors for the sampling strata
means.

Land classification and estimates for timberland and woodland characteristics and volume
were based on observations and measurements recorded at 1,320 field sample locations, of
which 223 were forested (fig. 17).

Sample trees for timberland were selected using a 5-point cluster. Trees less than 5.0
inches d.b.h. were measured on a 1/s0-acre fixed radius plot. Trees 5.0 inches d.b.h. or larger
were selected using a variable radius plot. A 20 basal area factor was used for ponderosa
pine locations. Other timberland locations were measured using a 40 basal area factor.
Sample trees for woodland were selected using a '/o-acre or a '/s-acre fixed radius plot for
trees 3.0 inches d.r.c. and larger. Trees less than 3.0 inches d.r.c. were tallied on
M/so0-acre subplots.

The photo and field data are encoded for subsequent computer manipulation to assure
accuracy and consistency of codes and to produce quality control summaries. Final esti-
mates from these data were based on statistical summaries, a portion of which is included in
this bulletin. Volume and defect were computed using the most appropriate equations, in-
cluding those developed by Chojnacky (1985), Hann and Bare (1978), and Edminster (1977).

12

T= TIMBERLAND W=WOODLAND °: = NATIONAL FOREST

Figure 17—Distribution of timberland and woodland field locations
outside National Forests in northeastern New Mexico, 1987.

DATA RELIABILITY

Individual cells within tables should be used with caution. Some are based on smal]
sample sizes, which may result in high sampling errors. The standard error percentages
shown in tables 2 and 3 were calculated at the 67 percent confidence level.

TERMINOLOGY

Acceptable trees—Growing-stock trees meeting specified standards of size and quality but not
qualifying as desirable trees.

Area condition class—A classification of timberland reflecting the degree to which the site is
being utilized by growing-stock trees and other conditions affecting current and prospective
timber growth (see Stocking):

Class 10—Areas fully stocked with desirable trees and not overstocked.

Class 20—Areas fully stocked with desirable trees but overstocked with all live trees.
Class 30—Areas medium to fully stocked with desirable trees and with

less than 30 percent of the area controlled by other trees, or inhibiting

vegetation or surface conditions that will prevent occupancy by desirable

trees, or both.

13

Class 40—Areas medium to fully stocked with desirable trees and with 30

percent or more of the area controlled by other trees, or conditions that ordinarily pre-
vent occupancy by desirable trees, or both.

Class 50—Areas poorly stocked with desirable trees but fully stocked

with growing-stock trees.

Class 60—Areas poorly stocked with desirable trees but with medium to full stocking of
growing-stock trees.

Class 70—Areas nonstocked or poorly stocked with desirable trees and poorly stocked
with growing-stock trees.

Class 80—Low-risk old-growth stands.

Class 90—High-risk old-growth stands.

Nonstocked—Areas less than 10 percent stocked with growing-stock trees.

Basal area—The cross-sectional area of a tree expressed in square feet. For timber species
the calculation is based on diameter at breast height (d.b.h.); for woodland species it is
based on diameter at root collar (d.r.c.).

Christmas-tree grade—Pinyon species are classified as Christmas trees using the following
guidelines:

Premium—Excellent conical form with no gaps in branches and a straight bole.
Standard—Good conical form with small gaps in branches and bole slightly malformed.
Utility—Conical in form with branches missing and bole bent or malformed.

Cull—Not meeting one of the above classifications or over 12 feet in height.

Cord—A pile of stacked wood equivalent to 128 cubic feet of wood and air space having stan-
dard dimensions of 4 by 4 by 8 feet.

Cull trees—Live trees that are unmerchantable now or prospectively (see Rough trees and
Rotten trees).

Cull volume—Portions of a tree’s volume that are not usable for wood products because of
rot, missing or dead material, or other cubic-foot defect.

Deferred forest land—Forest lands within the National Forest System that are under study
for possible inclusion in the Wilderness System.

Desirable trees—Growing-stock trees (1) having no serious defect in quality to limit present
or prospective use for timber products, (2) of relatively high vigor, and (3) containing no
pathogens that may result in death or serious deterioration within the next decade.

Diameter at breast height (d.b.h.)—Diameter of the stem measured at 4.5 feet above the
ground.

Diameter at root collar (d.r.c.)—Diameter equivalent at the point nearest the ground line
that represents the basal area of the tree stem or stems.

Diameter classes—Tree diameters, either d.b.h. or d.r.c., grouped into 2-inch classes labeled
by the midpoint of the class.

Farmer /rancher-owned lands—Lands owned by a person who operates a farm or a ranch
and who either does the work or directly supervises the work.

Fenceposts—Juniper and oak species are evaluated for post potential using the following
criteria:

Line post—A 7-foot minimum length with 5 to 7 inches diameter at the butt, 2.5 inch
minimum small end diameter, and reasonably straight and solid.

Corner post—An 8-foot minimum length with 7 to 9 inches diameter at the butt, 2.5 inch
minimum small end diameter, and reasonably straight and solid.

Forest industry lands—Lands owned by companies or individuals operating a primary wood-
processing plant.

Forest lands—Lands at least 10 percent stocked by forest trees of any size, including lands
that formerly had such tree cover and that will be naturally or artificially regenerated.
The minimum area for classification of forest land is 1 acre. Roadside, streamside, and
shelterbelt strips of timber must have a crown width at least 120 feet wide to qualify as
forest land. Unimproved roads and trails, streams, and clearings in forest areas are clas-
sified as forest if less than 120 feet wide.

Forest trees—Woody plants having a well-developed stem or stems, usually more than 12
feet in height at maturity, with a generally well-defined crown.

Forest type—A classification of forest land based upon and named for the tree species pres-
ently forming a plurality of live-tree stocking.

Gross annual growth—The average annual increase in the net volume of trees during a
specified period.

Growing-stock trees—Live sawtimber trees, poletimber trees, saplings, and seedlings of tim-
ber species meeting specified standards of quality and vigor; excludes cull trees.

14

Growing-stock volume—Net cubic-foot volume in live poletimber-size and sawtimber-size
growing-stock trees from a 1-foot stump to a minimum 4-inch top (of central stem) outside
bark or to the point where the central stem breaks into limbs.

Growth—See definition for Net annual growth.

Hardwood trees—Dicotyledonous trees, usually broad-leaved and deciduous.

High-risk old-growth stands—Timber stands over 100 years old in which the majority of the
trees are not expected to survive more than 10 years.

Indian lands—Indian lands held in trust by the Federal Government.

Industrial wood—All commercial roundwood products except fuelwood.

Land area—The area of dry land and land temporarily or partially covered by water such as
marshes, swamps, and river flood plains, streams, sloughs, estuaries, and canals less than
120 feet wide; and lakes, reservoirs, and ponds less than 1 acre in size.

Logging residues—The unused portions of growing-stock trees cut or killed by logging.

Low-risk old-growth stands—Timber stands over 100 years old in which the majority of the
trees are expected to survive more than 10 years.

Miscellaneous Federal lands—Lands administered by Federal agencies other than the U.S.
Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, or U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of
Land Management.

Mortality—The net volume of growing-stock trees that have died from natural causes during
a specified period.

National Forest lands—Public lands administered by the U.S. Department of Agriculture,
Forest Service.

National Resource lands—Public lands administered by the U.S. Department of the Interior,
Bureau of Land Management.

Net annual growth—Gross annual growth minus average annual mortality.

Net dead volume—Total net volume of dead trees plus the net volume of dead material in live
trees.

Net volume in board feet—The gross board-foot volume in the sawlog portion of growing-stock
trees, less deductions for cull volume.

Net volume in cubic feet—Gross cubic-foot volume in the merchantable portion of trees less
deductions for cull volume. For timber species, volume is computed for the merchantable
stem from a 1-foot stump to a minimum 4-inch top diameter outside bark (d.o.b.), or to the
point where the central stem breaks into limbs. For woodland species, volume is computed
outside bark (o.b.) for all woody material above d.r.c. that is larger than 1.5 inches d.o.b.

Nonforest lands—Lands that do not currently qualify as forest land.

Nonindustrial private—All private ownerships except forest industry.

Nonstocked areas—Forest land less than 10 percent stocked with live trees.

Old-growth stands—Stands of timber species over 100 years old.

Other private lands—Privately owned lands other than forest industry or farmer- owned.

Other public lands—Public lands administered by agencies other than the U.S. Department
of Agriculture, Forest Service.

Other removals—The net volume of growing-stock trees removed from the inventory by cul-
tural operations such as timber-stand improvement, by land clearing, and by changes in
land use, such as a shift to wilderness.

Poletimber stands—Stands at least 10 percent stocked with growing-stock trees, in which half
or more of the stocking is sawtimber or poletimber trees or both, with poletimber stocking
exceeding that of sawtimber (see definition for Stocking).

Poletimber trees—Live trees of timber species at least 5 inches d.b.h. but smaller than
sawtimber size.

Potential growth—The average net annual cubic-foot growth per acre at culmination of mean
annual growth attainable in fully stocked natural stands.

Primary wood-processing plants—Plants using roundwood products such as sawlogs, pulp-
wood bolts, veneer logs, and so forth.

Productivity class—A classification of forest land that reflects biological potential. For tim-
berlands the index used is the potential net annual growth at culmination of mean annual
increment in fully stocked natural stands. For woodland, characteristics that affect the
land’s ability to produce wood, such as soil depth and aspect, are used. Furthermore, wood-
land is classified as high site where sustained wood production is likely, or low site where
the continuous production of wood is unlikely.

Removals—The net volume of growing-stock trees removed from the inventory by harvesting,
cultural operations, land clearings, or changes in land use.

15

Reserved forest land—Forest land withdrawn from tree utilization through statute or admin-
istrative designation.

Residues:

Coarse residues—Plant residues suitable for chipping, such as slabs, edgings, and ends.

Fine residues—Plant residues not suitable for chipping, such as sawdust, shavings, and
veneer clippings.

Plant residues—Wood materials from primary manufacturing plants that are not used for
any product.

Rotten trees—Live poletimber or sawtimber trees with more than 67 percent of their total
volume cull (cubic-foot) and with more than half of the cull volume attributable to rotten
or missing material.

Rough trees—Live poletimber or sawtimber trees with more than 67 percent of their total
volume cull (cubic-foot) and with less than half of the cull volume attributable to rotten or
missing material.

Roundwood—Logs, bolts, or other round sections cut from trees.

Salvable dead trees—Standing or down dead trees that are currently merchantable by re-
gional standards.

Saplings—Live trees of timber species 1 to 4.9 inches d.b.h. or woodland species 1 to 2.9
inches d.r.c.

Sapling and seedling stands—Timberland stands at least 10 percent stocked on which more
than half of the stocking is saplings or seedlings or both.

Sawlog portion—That part of the bole of sawtimber trees between a 1-foot stump and the
sawlog top.

Sawlog top—The point on the bole of sawtimber trees above which a sawlog cannot be pro-
duced. The minimum sawlog top is 7 inches d.o.b. for softwoods and 9 inches d.o.b. for
hardwoods.

Sawtimber stands—Stands at least 10 percent stocked with growing-stock trees, with half or
more of total stocking in sawtimber or poletimber trees, and with sawtimber stocking at
least equal to poletimber stocking.

Sawtimber trees—Live trees of timber species meeting regional size and defect specifications.
Softwood trees must be at least 9 inches d.b.h. and hardwood trees 11 inches d.b.h.

Sawtimber volume—Net volume in board feet of the sawlog portion of live sawtimber trees.

Seedlings—Established live trees of timber species less than 1 inch d.b.h. or woodland spe-
cies less than 1 inch d.r.c.

Softwood trees—Monocotyledonous trees, usually evergreen, having needle or scalelike
leaves.

Standard error—An expression of the degree of confidence that can be placed on an esti-
mated total or average obtained by statistical sampling methods. Standard errors do not
include technique errors that could occur in photo classification of areas, field measure-
ments, or compilation of data.

Stand-size classes—A classification of forest land based on the predominant size of trees
present (see Sawtimber stands, Poletimber stands, and Sapling and seedling stands).

State, county, and municipal lands—Lands administered by States, counties, and local pub-
lic agencies, or lands leased by these governmental units for more than 50 years.

Stocking—An expression of the extent to which growing space is effectively utilized by pres-
ent or potential growing-stock trees of timber species.

Timberland—Forest land where timber species make up at least 10 percent stocking.

Timber species—Tree species traditionally used for industrial wood products. In the Rocky
Mountain States, these include aspen and cottonwood hardwood species and all softwood
species except pinyon and juniper.

Timber stand improvement—Treatments such as thinning, pruning, release cutting, gir-
dling, weeding, or poisoning of unwanted trees aimed at improving growing conditions for
the remaining trees.

Upper-stem portion—That part of the main stem or fork of sawtimber trees above the sawlog
top toa minimum top diameter of 4 inches outside bark or to the point where the main
stem or fork breaks into limbs.

Water—Streams, sloughs, estuaries, and canals more than 120 feet wide, and lakes, reser-
voirs, and ponds more than 1 acre in size at mean high water level.

Wilderness—An area of undeveloped land currently included in the Wilderness System,
managed so as to preserve its natural conditions and retain its primeval character and
influence.

16

Woodland—Forest land where timber species make up less than 10 percent stocking.
Woodland species—Tree species not usually converted into industrial wood products. Com-
mon uses are fuelwood, fenceposts, and Christmas trees.

REFERENCES

Chojnacky, David C. 1985. Pinyon-juniper volume equations for the central Rocky Mountain
States. Res. Pap. INT-339. Ogden, UT: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service,
Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. 27 p.

Edminster, Carleton B. 1977. Past diameters and gross volumes of plains cottonwood in east-
ern Colorado. Res. Note RM-351. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest
Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. 4 p.

Hann, David W.; Bare, Bruce B. 1978. Comprehensive tree volume equations for major spe-
cies of New Mexico and Arizona: II. Tables for unforked trees. Res. Pap. INT-210. Ogden,
UT: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range
Experiment Station. 127 p.

FOREST SURVEY TABLES

Table 1--Total land and water area by ownership class

in northeastern New Mexico, 1987

Ownership class

Land:

Public:
National Forest

Other public:
Bureau of Land Management
National Parks}
Miscellaneous federal
State
County and municipal
Total other public
Total public
Private:
Indian
Other private
Total private

Total land area

Census water

Total land and water?

Area

- - Acres - -

800 ,461

1535017
2,560
14,561
2,082 ,000
Se9al

2 296,569
3,057,030

16 ,300

13,318,898
1359905196
16,392;5228

28,170
16,420,398

INot included with miscellaneous Federal, a
component of other public, for purpose of clarity.
These lands are reserved and are included in tables 1,

2, and 4 only.

2U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Census.
Area measurement reports, GE-20 No. 1, 22 p., 1970,
updated to account for changes in inland water
estimates obtained from the USDA Soil Conservation
Service's National Resource Inventory, 1982.

18

Table 2--Area of forest land outside National Forests with percent
Standard error in northeastern New Mexico, 1987

Percent
Item Acres standard
error
Timberland 789,062 +6 .5
Woodland 1,230,704 5) fey!
Reserved forest land:+
Timberland 30 ,888
Woodland 4,319
Total forest land? 2,054,973

lReserved land areas are estimated from aerial phctos
without field verification; therefore, standard errors are not
calculated.

* 20n this and all following tables, totals may vary due to
rounding.

19

Table 3--Net volume, net annual growth, and annual mortality of growing stock and
sawtimber on forest land outside National Forests with percent standard
error in northeastern New Mexico

——

All species

Forest land Item
Percent
Volume standard
error
Timberland: Net volume, 1987:
Growing stock (M cubic feet) 734 ,663 #91
Sawtimber! (M board feet) 2,529,066 +10.0
Sawtimber2 (M board feet) 2,055,363 +10.0
Net annual growth, 1986:
Growing stock (M cubic feet) 17,748 $294
Sawtimber! (M board feet) 81117 +21.5
Sawtimber? (M board feet) 64,703 19.4
Annual mortality, 1986:
Growing stock (M cubic feet) 4,397 +78.7
Sawtimber! (M board feet) 12.447 +79.2
Sawtimber2 (M board feet) 9,204 +77.7
Woodland: Volume, 1987 506,751 +109
Growth, 1986 = le

Mortality, 1986

lInternational 34-inch rule.

2Scribner rule.

20

6,685

Table 4--Total land area outside National Forests by major land class
and ownership class in northeastern New Mexico, 1987

Ownership class

Land class
saline Private Total
-- eee er ee ee Acres - ---------
Timberland:
Reserved 388 30,500 30 ,888
Nonreserved 54,252 734,810 789 ,062
Total 54,640 765,310 819,950
Woodland:
Reserved 1,064 3,255 4,319
Nonreserved 203,774 1,026 ,930 1,230,704
Total 204 ,838 1,030,185 16235025
Total forest land:
Reserved 1,452 33,755 35,207
Nonreserved 258 ,026 1,761,740 2,019,766
Total 259,478 1,795,495 2,054,973
Nonforest land 1,997,091 11,539,703 13,536,794
Total land area 2,256,569 13,335,198 15,591,767

21

TIMBERLAND TABLES

Table 5--Area of timberland outside National Forests by forest type, stand-size
class, and productivity class in northeastern New Mexico, 1987

Productivity class

Forest type and Total
stand-size class 85-119 50-84 20-49 0-19 acres
---- ee ee ee ee Acres --------+-+---
Douglas-fir:
Sawtimber -- 21,783 84 ,683 -- 106 ,466
Poletimber -- 6,747 34 ,376 -- 41,123
Sapling and seedling -- -- oa = ai
Nonstocked -- -- E5575 -- 7,575
Total -- 28 ,530 126,634 -- 155,164
Ponderosa pine:
Sawtimber -- 6,632 406 , 364 -- 412,996
Poletimber -- -- 1,182 -- 111,182
Sapling and seedling -- -- -- =e a
Nonstocked -- -« -- as =
Total -- 65632 517,546 -- 524,178
Spruce-fir:
Sawtimber -- 6,032 -- -- 63632
Poletimber -- -- 4,249 -- 4,249
Sapling and seedling -- -- -- =< =
Nonstocked -- -- -- -- --
Total -- 6 632 4,249 -- 10,881
White fir:
Sawtimber 6,632 29,338 15,899 -- 51,869
Poletimber -- -- -- -- --
Sapling and seedling -- -- -- -- --
Nonstocked -- -- -- -- --
Total 6,632 29\,338 15 ,899 -- 51,869
Spruce:
Sawtimber -- loge coal -- -- 15,151
Poletimber -- -- -- -- --
Sapling and seedling -- -- -- -- --
Nonstocked -- -- -- -- --
Total -- 15,152 -- -- Geyeg hey
(con. )

22

Table 5 (Con.)

Forest type and
stand-size class

Other softwoods:
Sawtimber
Poletimber
Sapling and seedling
Nonstocked

Total

Aspen:
Sawtimber
Poletimber
Sapling and seedling
Nonstocked

Total

All types:
Sawtimber
Poletimber
Sapling and seedling
Nonstocked

Total

----- ee ee eee Acres

Productivity class

50-84

79,556
6,747
5,018

91,301

23

20-49

P50) 0

622,097
149,807
6,632
7,575

686,111

-- 75016
-- 5,018
-- 11,650

= 24,244

se 608,265
-- 161,572
== 11,650
-- 15975

-- 789 ,062

Table 6--Area of other publicly owned timberland by forest type, stand-size
class, and productivity class in northeastern New Mexico, 1987

a EEE

Forest type and Productivity class

stand-size class 85-119 50-84 20-49 0-19 acres

Douglas-fir:
Sawtimber -- -- 4,249 — 4.249
Poletimber -- -- = == ae
Sapling and seedling -- -- ae oe a
Nonstocked == — a ae ae

Total -- -- 4,249 -- 4,249

Ponderosa pine:
Sawtimber -- -- 33 ,006 -- 33 ,006
Poletimber =e = ie __
Sapling and seedling -- -- ~- ae ae
Nonstocked -- — =e =o mee

Total -- -- 33 ,006 -- 33 ,006

Spruce-fir:
Sawtimber -- -- se ae ae
Poletimber -- -- 4,249 -- 4,249
Sapling and seedling -- -- oe
nenSreEne” Pc ce ear 2 eet fs acc meee a eee SO

Total -- -- 4,249 -- 4,249

White fir:
Sawtimber -- 8,499 4,249 -- 12,748
Poletimber -- =< ss a
Sapling and seedling -- -- -- = =o
Nonstocked -- =< == Be ae

Total -- 8,499 4,249 =< 12,748

Spruce:
Sawtimber -- — =e os ae
Poletimber =— -- 22 =s =
Sapling and seedling -- -- -- 2h ast
Nonstocked -- == = eee ie

Total ae << == =— oe

Table 6 (Con.)

Forest type and
stand-size class

Other softwoods:
Sawtimber
Poletimber
Sapling and seedling
Nonstocked

Total

Aspen:
Sawtimber
Poletimber
Sapling and seedling
Nonstocked

Total

All types:
Sawtimber
Poletimber
Sapling and seedling
Nonstocked

Total

Productivity class

85-119 50-84

25

20-49

Table 7--Area of privately owned timberland by forest type, stand-size class, and
productivity class in northeastern New Mexico, 1987

ee

Forest type and Productivity class

stand-size class 35-119 50-84 20-49 0-19 acres

Douglas-fir:
Sawtimber -- 21.783 80,434 -- 102,217
Poletimber -- 6,747 34,376 -- elles
Sapling and seedling -- --
Nonstocked -- -- 7,575 -- 1,575

=o == ==

Total -- 28,530 122,385 =~ 1505915

Ponderosa pine:
Sawtimber -- 6,632 3/3308 -- 379,990
Poletimber -- -- 111,182 -- 111,182
Sapling and seedling -- -- -- --
Nonstocked -- -- -- -- --

Total -- 6 ,632 484 ,540 -- 491,172

Spruce-fir:
Sawtimber -- 6,632 -- -- 6 ,632
Poletimber ae ae 22
Sapling and seedling -- -- -- =o as
Nonstocked == ae Se =e =

Total -- 6,632 == -- 6 ,632

White fir:
Sawtimber 6,632 20 ,839 11,650 -- 39,121
Poletimber _ = = ae
Sapling and seedling -- -- -- = =
Nonstocked -- _ s- = ee

Total 6,632 20 ,839 11,650 -- goal

Spruce:
Sawtimber -- 15,151 -- -- 15,151
Poletimber -- == Zs == =
Sapling and seedling -- -- -- ac ase
Nonstocked -- = == == Se

Total -- 155151 =- -- 15,151

(con. )

26

Table 7 (Con.)

Forest type and
stand-size class

Other softwoods:
Sawtimber
Poletimber
Sapling and seedling
Nonstocked

Total

Aspen:
Sawtimber
Poletimber
Sapling and seedling
Nonstocked

Total

All types:
Sawtimber
Poletimber
Sapling and seedling
Nonstocked

Total

Productivity class

85-119 50-84 20-49
- eco rr er ere ee ee Acres
-- -- 1,015

-- -- 13575

-- -- J,015
5,018 -- --
-- 5,018 6,632
5,018 5,018 14,208
6 632 7.1037 480 ,593
5018 6,747 145 ,558
-- 5,018 6,632

-- -- 7.3575
11,650 82,802 640,358

27

-- 73516
== 5,018
aa 11,650

= 24,244

-- 558,262
= 157 ,323
= 11,650
-- 75515

-- 734,810

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35

Table 16--Net volume of sawtimber (International 34-inch rule) on
timberland outside National Forests by species and ownership
class in northeastern New Mexico, 1987

Ownership class

Species
Other :
public Private Total
- Thousand board feet, International 34-inch rule -

Couglas-fir 44 ,330 437 ,206 481,536
Ponderosa pine 111,377 1,309 ,676 1,421,053
Limber pine -- 53,996 53,996
Subalpine fir -- 11,036 11,036
White fir 37,123 234,858 271,981
Engelmann spruce 7,796 160,785 168,581
Total softwoods 200 ,626 2,207 557 2,408 ,183
Aspen -- 120,883 120 ,883
Total hardwoods -- 120 ,883 120 ,883
All species 200 ,626 2,328,440 2,529,066

36

Table 17--Net volume of sawtimber (Scribner rule) on timberland outside
National Forests by species and ownership class in
northeastern New Mexico, 1987

Ownership class

Species

Other
public

Private

- - - Thousand board feet,

Total

Scribner rule - -

Douglas-fir 34,567 S395113 373 ,680
Ponderosa pine 91,074 1,076,140 TS LGy s2a4
Limber pine -- 45 ,063 45,063
Subalpine fir -- 9,314 9,314
White fir 31,027 201,544 2325071
Engelmann spruce 6,339 126,942 133,261
Total softwoods 163,007 1,798,116 1,961,123
Aspen -- 94,240 94,240
Total hardwoods -- 94,240 94,240
All species 163,007 1,892,356 2,059,303

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-- ee ee ee eee = = OEMs YOUL-F [PUOLZeUNaZUT *Jaa} PueOg puesnoy] - - - --------------

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LLY LezO]

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43

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189‘ T2T pS2° ls pS2°Ls Lev‘ v9 L56°6S es OLp‘t aa ae a7 gonads
6SE° p22 = = 6SE ‘p22 O£6°EI LE8°9Z1 = G2I°€ 0v9°SS L2B8°b2 AL} 9FLUM
99°61 — a 9€9°61 298° 21 elt ec Z0b°€ _ ae = ALjs-aonads
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44

Br ° LI bre‘ 9T pOvl satoads {Ly

806 806 -- Spoompuey [e301

806 806 =< uadsy
Ovs* 91 9° ST por‘ SPOOM}40OS [POL

889‘ T pes‘T pSI aonuds uuew|abuy
02S‘2 p81‘2 OEE ALJ 92LUM
S56 2£6 €2 AL} autdpeqns
2€€ FANS -- auld waquily
BL0‘ IT Gee‘ Or eb auld esouapuod
192 611 Srl ALjs-se_bnog

- - - - - - - Yaa} OLqnd puesnou] - - - - - -

otiqnd

[eqOL JTPALUd 13490

saLoads

SSPLO dLysuaumg

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Uu4azZSPayzZUOU UL SSe{D dLySuauMO pue saLoads Aq szSaso4 | eUdLzeN

9PLS}NO puelAaqulz Uo 4903s HuLmMoub Jo yyMOub Lenuue JaN--SZ2 al qey

45

Table 26--Net annual growth of sawtimber (International 34-inch rule) on
timberland outside National Forests by species and ownership
class in northeastern New Mexico, 1986

Ownership class
Species

cee Private Total

- Thousand board feet, International 34-inch rule -
Douglas-fir 386 3,238 3,624
Ponderosa pine 12,119 46 ,488 58 ,607
Limber pine -- 858 858
Subalpine fir -- 363 363
White fir 1,627 8,049 9,676
Engelmann spruce 192 5,962 6,154
Total softwoods 14,324 64,958 79,282
Aspen -- 1635 1,835
Total hardwoods -- 1,835 1,835
All species 14,324 66,793 81,117

46

Table 27--Net annual growth of sawtimber (Scribner rule) on timberland
outside National Forests by species and ownership class in
northeastern New Mexico, 1986

Ownership class
Species

aa Private Total

- - - Thousand board feet, Scribner rule - - -
Douglas-fir S7i 23510 2,881
Ponderosa pine 8,203 37 ,083 45 ,286
Limber pine -- 744 744
Subalpine fir -- 321 321
White fir 1,448 7,197 8,645
Engelmann spruce 159 35091 5,250
Total softwoods 10,181 52,946 63,127
Aspen -- 1,576 £2516
Total hardwoods -- WARY ASS 1,576
All species 10,181 54 522 64,703

47

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GS6 -- -- =< == a: == -- =F =e Ol 801 O12 £29 AL} autdpeqns
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------- - eee ee ee ee ee ee - = - - - - Yaay DLqnd puesnouy - - - ------------------------

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48

LI'T8 vel 991 062 vvl ooz‘t Let‘ = Leote ~=—sTe9*L = LL*S = CHETEL POE LY
veal =S = =e a = = = vSl 625 TSTT — XXXXX
ves" a = =< a = = “ vSl 625 TST'T — XXXXX
€82°6/ vol 991 062 vol OO7T «LATS ~— ss LEGE = LLOL SS abeS = tbet2T (DOES Lb
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G19‘ 6 oll 2b sie ae G6E 2Be 095 919 256 I9I‘T = 46€°S
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Sasselo 6°82 6°92 6° b2 6°22 6°02 6°81 6°91 6° bl 6*cl 6°OL
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(dyHtay yseaug ye SayduL) sseLd sazouelg

satoads [Ly

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gonads uuew,abuy
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autd saquit |

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satoads

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dazyaueip pue sardads Aq $ysa4o4 LPUOLZEN APLSNO pueluaquily UO (A[NU YyOUL-F LeUOLZeUUaZUT) AaquLyMeS JO YYMOUH [eNUUe ZaN--62 ALGeL

49

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50

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NE a a ee eS ne ee ed Ne eT
SS ee a SS 7 IU eS ore ee ea ag
9/S°T =< = = = = = z 9€1 29h 816 XXXXX SpooMp4ey [30]
ea de ee
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L21°€9 621 Lvl 022 821 990° 680°I 995°€ Ibl*9 OBIS SEO°IT SEBEE SpOOM}4OS [230]
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I2e ae = = =< - ae = = = Lv plz Aly autdieqns
vod = = ae I oe = v 8g vol pee £02 auld saquiy
£82‘ Sb I€ vb ELT 86 29€ 19 Oz6T v19b 1h6'S O0T'6 Evet2z auld esouapudd
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sasse|o 6°82 6°92 HZ CH AZs«CG 6°8T = 69TH HT ZT SOL
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Ssatoads
(yHLay yseaug ye SaydUL) sseld vazowelg

a

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UL SSP[D uazaweLp pue SaLtdads Aq S}Sau04 [CUOLZEN APLS}NO puejvaquLz uO (A[NU sauqLudS) saquijyMeS JO YZMOUH LeNuUe JaN--OE ALGelL

L6E‘v 2LI‘p G22 satoads | Ly

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16 16 -- uadsy
90€‘ bP 180‘t G22 SPOOM}J$OS [POL

mes aa =e aonuds uuew,abuy
_ = = ALS PLUM
er a =e ALy aurdpeqns
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21 1qnd

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saLoads

SSe{d dLysuaumo

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UL SSP{D dLysuaumo pue saLdoads Aq $zSau04 | eUOLZEN
OplLS}NO puelvaquit} UO 4909S BuLMoub yo AZLLeUOW LeNuUuy--TE aLqey

51

Table 32--Annual mortality of sawtimber (International 4-inch rule) on
timberland outside National Forests by species and ownership
class in northeastern New Mexico, 1986

Ownership class
Species

see Private Total
- Thousand board feet, International 4-inch rule -
Douglas-fir 988 10,088 11,076

Ponderosa pine -- 1,066 1,066
Limber pine <a oe ee
Subalpine fir -- es ae
White fir -- = oe
Engelmann spruce -- a a

Total softwoods 988 11,154 12,142

Aspen -- -- --

Total hardwoods = _ a

All species 988 11,154 12,142

52

Table 33--Annual mortality of sawtimber (Scribner rule) on timberland
outside National Forests by species and ownership class in
northeastern New Mexico, 1986

Ownership class

Species Other

public Private Total

- - - Thousand board feet, Scribner rule - -

Douglas-fir 745 7,581 8,326
Ponderosa pine -- 878 878
Limber pine -- -- --
Subalpine fir = -- --
White fir -- -— --

Engelmann spruce -- == ==

Total softwoods 745 8,459 9,204

Aspen -- -- --

Total hardwoods == = =e

All species 745 8,459 9,204

53

on —

L6E°b = -- -- -- -- S2I -- -- £56 Qpp'T S82 020‘T 895 satoads LLY

16 == == == == == == == == ~= == == == 16 Spoompsey [230],
ae San ee

16 -- -- -- -- -- == -- =< -- -- =< <= 16 uadsy
ae ee aE a a ee a ea ae SU EE OE eee
Sr

90€‘ = = ae = =< G2l =< = £56 Opp'T G82 Oz0°T = LL SPOOM}JOS [230]

za =e == == = == == = = == == -- -- -- aonuds uuew, abu
ae -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ALS 99L4M
nas 2s =o a -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- AL} aurdpeqgns
-- -- -- autd uwaquit]

a= -- auLd eSOuapudd

L20‘b a = ae = ve Sel a a ces Tve°l S82 L96 Llv ALs-se_bnog

Sg a a a
sasse[o 6°82 6°92 6° be 6°2e?2 6°02 6°81 6°91 6° bl 6°21 6°OI 6°8 6°9
LLY +0°62 -0°L2 -0°S2 -0°E2 -O°T¢ -0°6T =0--21 -0°ST -0°eT -O°lT -0°6 =0°2 -0°S

TEI IEIEIIEIIEIEE SIS satoads

(qyBLay yseauqg ye SayduL) sseld sazowerg

a

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54

2vt‘2t -- -- -- -- -- 069 -- -- veS‘y 90°9 = bbB satoads [Ly
22 lal aaa) Ses ea nS="nctnn ce=) l l0e Gas) (a ie. i== i i iS=i' ayy Y vie = Spoompuey [230]
“aa. | =< aa =e “ae. ==) ea" - == '° == °° ==) ema 9 = WN VVY—a-= uadsy
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— = = = = == =a == =e ae ae =e aonuds uuew,abuj
=te ae oe = os a — -- -- -- -- -- AL} 9PLUM
fe — oe ae ae ae ws < -- -- -- -- ALJ autd_eqns

par = -- auid waquil |
=e ae 109 G9b - autd esouapudd

9L0° TI aa -- te ata =5 069 =o a €v6‘€ 665°S bos 4ty-se,bnog
SasseLo 6°82 6°92 6° b2 6°2¢ 6°02 6°81 6°91 6° bl 6 él 6°OI
LLY +0°62 “0°22 -0°S2 -0°E2 =OFl¢ -0°61 SOnZ1 -0°ST [O71 SOnLT -0°6
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(quBLay yseauq ye SayduL) sse,d uaqzawerg

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dayoweLp puke saLseds Aq $zsau04 [CUOLZeN APLSyNO pueljsaquiy UO (ALMA YOUL-F [eUOLZeUsaQUT) AaquLyMeS yO AZLLeQIOW LeNUUYy--GE aL qey

55

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a == = == =e =e =5 == == = = XXXXX
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8/8 =e = re = = = = =< 90S 2L€ =
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- ett tee te te ee ee ee = = BLM UaUqLuds *3aay Pueog puesnoy; - - - ----------------

S9ISSPLI 6°82 6°92 6° b2 6°22 6°02 6°8I 6°91 6° bl 6° cl 6°Ol
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(qybLay yseauq ye SaydUL) sse,{d uaqzoweLg

sa.oeds Ly

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uadsy

SPpOOM}4JOS [PIO]

aonuds uuew[ abu
At} 9PLYM

ALJ auLdpeqns
aurd waqut ]

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SaLdads

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56

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= = == == = AE == -- -- gonads uuew,abuq
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Ne -- -- -- -- -- -- -- guid esouapuod
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-- ete et ee te = = = = POVS DLEGND puesnoy, - - - - - ------------

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57

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----- - - - - - - O[Mmu yoUL-¥ LeuoLzeUuazUT *}aa} Pueog puesnoy; - - - - ----- -

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uadsy

SPOOM}40S [270]

aonuds uuew,abu3
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autd uwoquil]

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Atjs-se,bnog

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58

v02‘6 818 -- -- -- -- -- 98p Ove’ Z saroads LLY

== ca =a zaps == = == == -- Spoompaey [230]

a == = =< -- -- -- -- -- uadsy

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Fe Zs Ze = = == == -- -- aonuds uuew, abu
-- -- -- -- -- =< ae ai ie ALs} 9ZLUM
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-- auld eSOuapudd
gze‘8 a3 - FR = a oF 98 Ove‘ Z 4ty-se,Bnog
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59

WOODLAND TABLES

Table 40--Area of woodland outside National Forests by forest type and
ownership class in northeastern New Mexico, 1987

Forest type

Pinyon-juniper
Juniper

Total woodland softwoods

Oak

Total woodland hardwoods

All types

Ownership class

157,797
45 ,977

203,774

203,774

60

Private

929 192
83,416

1,012,608

14,322
14,322

1,026,930

1,086 ,989
1295395

1,216,382

14,322
14,322

1,230,704

Table 41--Area of woodland outside National Forests by ownership
class, forest type, and productivity class in northeastern
New Mexico, 1987

Ownership
class

Other public:

Private:

Total:

Forest type

Pinyon-juniper
Juniper
Oak

Total
Pinyon-juniper
Juniper
Oak

Total
Pinyon-juniper
Juniper

Oak

Total

Productivity
High

123,356
Coat DT

1525413

737,942
83,416

6,747
828,105
861,298
1 ae

6,747

980,218

61

class

Low

91,661

191,250

ig075
198 ,825
2254091
17,220
1,995

250 ,486

All
classes

Loi gt oe
45 ,977

203,774

Yas INS
83,416
14,322

1,026,930
1,086 ,989
129,393
14,322

1,230,704

vol‘ OE2*T 29‘ Let 606° 8E G9‘ 8d 008‘ 6t2 75° 0S v6S*TEZ

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-- ee ee ee ee ee ee ee ee ee SOY - ee ee ee ee eee ee ee ee eee
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LLY +000°T 666 - 008 662 - 009 66S - O00f 66€ - 002 661 - 0

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62

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75

Table 56--Number of pinyon Christmas trees on woodland outside National Forests
by ownership class, grade, and height class in northeastern New Mexico,
1987

Height class
Ownership Christmas-tree All

class grade 0° - 5! 6' - 10! ll' - 12! classes

Other public: Premium -- -- ai se

Standard -- a =e ae

Utility -- 602 344 946

Total -- 602 344 946

Private: Premium -- -- 112 LZ
Standard 506 3,450 120 4,076

Utility 10,097 12,815 1,540 24,452

Total 10,603 16,265 1.772 28 ,640

Total: Premium -- -- 112 112
Standard 506 3,450 120 4,076

Utility 10 ,097 13417 1,884 25,398

Total 10,603 16,867 2,116 29,586

76

Table 57--Number of fenceposts on woodland outside National Forests
by ownership class, species, and type of post in
northeastern New Mexico, 1987

Type of post

Ownership :
piace Species
Line Corner Total
- - - - Thousand fenceposts - - - -
Other public: Juniper 4,640 1,660 6,300
Oak 170 -- 170
Total 4,810 1,660 6,470
Private: Juniper 13,052 7,126 20,178
Oak 233 7: 233
Total 13,285 7,126 20,411
Total: Juniper 17,692 8,786 26,478
Oak 403 -- 403
Total 18,095 8,786 26,881

COUNTY TABLES

Table 58--Area of timberland outside
National Forests by county
in northeastern New Mexico,

1987
County Area
- - Acres - -

Colfax 456,111
Guadalupe 6,117
Harding 6,144
Mora 183 ,042
Quay 6 ,098
San Miguel 95,097
Torrance 23,428
Union 13,025

Total 789 ,062

78

Table 59--Net volume of growing stock and sawtimber on timberland outside National
Forests by county in northeastern New Mexico, 1987

County Growing stock Sawtimber
Thousand
board feet Thousand
Thousand International board feet
- - cubic feet - - - - 4-inch rule - - - - Scribner rule - -

Colfax 427 ,632 1,403,361 151335397
Guadalupe 2,741 85222 6,713
Harding 3,564 12.593 10,311
Mora 173,852 705,228 583,659
Quay 2,615 7,903 6,480
San Miguel 95 ,066 295 ,310 237-5212
Torrance 20,416 67,107 532/73
Union Seal 29,342 23,818
Total 734 ,663 2,529,066 2,055,363

79

Table 60--Net annual growth of growing stock and sawtimber on timberland outside
National Forests by county in northeastern New Mexico, 1986

County

Col fax
Guadalupe
Harding
Mora

Quay

San Miguel
Torrance
Union

Total

Growing stock

Thousand
- - cubic feet - -

taser
118
118
5 5980
114
24975
663
243

17,748

Sawtimber
Thousand
board feet Thousand
International board feet
- - 43-inch rule - - - - Scribner rule - -
32,723 26 ,641
706 490
961 672
25,250 20,941
676 469
14,039 10,691
4,977 3,536
1,785 1,263
81,117 64,703

80

Table 61--Annual mortality of growing stock and sawtimber on timberland outside National
Forests by county in northeastern New Mexico, 1986

County Growing stock Sawtimber
Thousand
board feet Thousand
Thousand International board feet
- - cubic feet - - - - 3-inch rule - - - - Scribner rule - -
Colfax 4,278 113725 8,888
Guadalupe -- -- --
Harding 12 36 28
Mora 11 48 37
Quay -- = _-
San Miguel 38 166 125
Torrance -- -- --
Union 58 167 126
Total 4,397 12,142 9,204

81

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Van Hooser, Dwane D. 1989. Timberland and woodland resources outside National
Forests in northeastern New Mexico, 1987. Resour. Bull. INT-63. Ogden, UT: U.S.
Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station. 82 p.

Presents land area, timberland and woodland area, associated volume, and compo-
nents of change for the forest lands outside the National Forests in northeastern
New Mexico.

KEYWORDS: forest survey, inventory, volume, pinyon-juniper

INTERMOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION

The Intermountain Research Station provides scientific knowledge and technology
to improve management, protection, and use of the forests and rangelands of the
Intermountain West. Research is designed to meet the needs of National Forest
managers, Federal and State agencies, industry, academic institutions, public and
private organizations, and individuals. Results of research are made available
through publications, symposia, workshops, training sessions, and personal con-
tacts.

The Intermountain Research Station territory includes Montana, Idaho, Utah,
Nevada, and western Wyoming. Eighty-five percent of the lands in the Station area,
about 231 million acres, are classified as forest or rangeland. They include grass-
lands, deserts, shrublands, alpine areas, and forests. They provide fiber for forest
industries, minerals and fossil fuels for energy and industrial development, water for
domestic and industrial consumption, forage for livestock and wildlife, and recreation
opportunities for millions of visitors.

Several Station units conduct research in additional western States, or have mis-
sions that are national or international in scope.

Station laboratories are located in:

Boise, Idaho

Bozeman, Montana (in cooperation with Montana State University)

Logan, Utah (in cooperation with Utah State University)

Missoula, Montana (in cooperation with the University of Montana)

Moscow, Idaho (in cooperation with the University of Idaho)

Ogden, Utah

Provo, Utah (in cooperation with Brigham Young University)

Reno, Nevada (in cooperation with the University of Nevada)

USDA policy prohibits discrimination because of race, color, national origin, sex,
age, religion, or handicapping condition. Any person who believes he or she has

been discriminated against in any USDA-related activity should immediately contact
the Secretary of Agriculture, Washington, DC 20250.