— 2 a ae ‘o- eee ~_ i : je by 5 ¥ : ie oo — po —~ as? P+ el — so eee — i - ~ Sey ‘ . TLE Ri ay HER «1g ah TT I DP aethen a5 iy PC ata a a St ne ; oma L some a & , ; age Ss P —— —— —* pee ; = inl % x ‘ ees ne _ arte, Ei epee . ome ~ a ce — ae California Meademy of Sciences RECEIVED BY PURCHASE Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2011 with funding from California Academy of Sciences Library http://www.archive.org/details/transactionsofge14geol PLATES AND MAPS IN ILLUSTRATION OF THE FIRST VOLUME OF THE TRANSACTIONS or THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY. LONDON: PRINTED FOR TUE SOCIETY BY WILLIAM PHILLIPS, GEORGE YARD, LOMBARD STREET ; AND SOLD BY T. CADELL AND W. DAVIES, STRAND» 18il. ue “i Ais me . CO RoE OTS. General Map of the Channel Islands. Maps of Guernsey and Sercq. Maps of Jersey and Alderney. View of the Creux in the Isle of Sercq. View of the Coupée in the Isle.of Sercq. View of a Granite Vein in Port des Moulins in the Isle of Sercq. General View of Port des Moulins in the Isle of Sercq. View of Fourchi Point in the Isle of Alderney. View in the Greve de Lecq in the Isle of Jersey. Crystallized Forms of Arseniate of Iron. Crystallized Forms of Red Oxyd of Copper, (Nine Plates}. Map illustrative of the Situation of the Cheshire Salt District. Crystallized Forms of Laumonite, (Two Plates ). Section representing the principal Mineral For- mations of the Middle and Eastern Part of | Shropshire, in the parallel of the Wrekin. . One Plate. Plan and Sections of the Malvern Hills, and | Part of the adjacent Country. J Plan and Sections of the Island of Heligoland. Crystallized Forms of Bardiglione, ¥ «Explanation of the Views, in illustration of Dr. Mac Culloch’s Account of Guernsey, and the other Channel Islands. No. 1 is a view of the small port and beach of the Creux in the Isle of Sercq, exhibiting the gate of the Tunnel, through which is the only entrance into the island. The adjacent rocks are of trap, and in the distance is seen a detached mass of granite, No. 2 is a view of the Coupée in the Isle of Sercq, taken from the smaller division of the island, called Petit Sercg.. That part of the isthmus, the furthest from the spectator, is traversed by the soft vein mentioned in the Memoir, and is rapidly wearing down. No. 3 represents one of the granite veins in Port des Moulins in the Isle of Sercq. ‘The grauwacke has been washed away; and part of the granite itself, from the effects of rifts and decomposition, has fallen down; thus making a kind of rude door-way through the vein. No. 4 is a general view of Port des Moulins. The rocks on the right hand are of grauwacke-slate, as also are the three insulated buttress-like rocks that appear in the distance. Behind the two furthest of these is situated the granite-vein represented in Pl. 3: the steatitical vein described in the Memoir lies also among the distant cliffs. No. 5 is a view of Fourchi Point in the Isle of Alderney, represent- ing the great fracture in the porphyry rock, of which this head- land is composed. ‘The open sea is the passage called the Race of Alderney, and Cape la Hogue is seen in the distance, No. 6 is a view taken from the shore in the Greve de Lecq, in the Isle of Jersey, a coast of very difficult access.. The cliffs are formed of the granite or sienite described in the Memoir, as are also the two detached rocks advanced in front of the coast. The most distant of these latter is of a pyramidal shape, and is pierced — ‘through by an arched cavity not visible from this point of view. The quarries of Mont Mado are not far from this place, and lie in the same kind of rock as forms these cliffs. Explanation of the Section, in illustration of Mr. Aikin’s Observations on the Wrekin, and on the Great Coal-Field of Shropshire. Fig 1 is a section through the Wrekin, exhibiting the order in which the mineral beds occur on the E. and W. of that hill. Fig. 2 represents the horizontal angle formed by such of the beds as are distinctly stratified, together with the point of the compass towards which they rise. AAA. Old Red Sandstone. B. Independent Coal Formation. C. A Limestone Formation lying below the Coal. D. Sandy Slate Clay. E, Slaty micaceous Greenstone. F. Quartz-grit. G. Claystone. H. Feldspar and greenstone amygdaloid. I. Greenstone. K K. Two small Coal-formations at Dryton and Welbach. L. The Grauwacke of Lyth-hill, upon which rests a patch of Greenstone I, the old, Red Sandstone A, and the Coal-formation of Welbach K, which latter fills a narrow trough formed by the junction of the Grauwacke and Sandstone. Transactions of the Geological Socrety Voll Grande Rogue SS - AOS sis My dip dpi ole I ga AAA atk ae Sh SBS ge aa it. BE EES 5. Geer ee JOUNING Ut2) 824 ZI a Jo spag aya Jo suoroa.tip pasoddns a2 Pe i a “Ry “UID MIYSIYY JO UOISIAUT, [OLUAY LO ULIYMOG A) spuasatdat agg patopoo ptvd IY J, $N i OR a. <> 5 G7: ld auauLdaguigy Be : e e ULL SPL HOF fi) : ‘ é sping e optapyy F ) © ‘4 LYN 3 F IN 2Y LTVS WIOL ; i HIIMHLUON 7?” LTVS ier AC Be Coppprg 24) JOR NOTLVALIS IY) JO MINV \ i Ok ; 2 TALLVELSATT-HILALS F mA & Ss Ss 3 S ae a HOIMATAIIW €NO a} WALSHHD * 1 \ POT Y2 27 -QUOISPVOT, JO § i} nn ques ~ © EOIWLSIG LIV Wi.10 0% NOLLVALIS 11410 TALLVALSATUW AVW V Fig. 2. & & iS = Lig. 13 = (Count De Bournon del. LAUM ONI T 5 es |» DLransaetions of the Geological Society Voll. Lowry Sculp. Published for the Soctety, by Cadell and Davies, London,28n . ee - ‘ = hors: a ve. i ee = ‘ ¥ LAUM ONI TE. Transactions of the Geological Society Voll. Fig. 19. Fig.20. Fig:17. Fig .28 . WW fig. 2. Fig. 22. . . Fig. 23. Fig. 24. BN AX dp, ¥ Fig 32. Fig. 31. Cuat De Bours Y : at De Bournen del. Se ; net i ef 7 Published for the Society,by Cadell and Davies, London,z8n. LOUTY Hcl. Nt eee i” HN ‘ < Wrekin ee li Gvecciont ions oF the Geological Fig 1. — : Daiey Chorlian. hill > : a Sa devern Dryton Sketch of Section N? 1. Arg illaceous Raek 5. Swinnit Hill . 6. The Holly Bush Hill . 1. The End Hill . — 7. The Ragstone Hill. _ 2. The North Hill. The Worcestershire Beacon . The 3. 4. Heretordshire Beacon . Published tor tee Society, by Gudell and Davies, Loriton , ' o ? Sie elie = a : —— Ae —_, Transactions of the Geological Soctety Voll. PLAN AND SECTIONS OF THE ISLAND OF HELIGOLAND. = a 4407 One English Mile. —— zs: a A yy Yj, i. jj bp: Grey Limestone. Ind. Red Clay. A ok. ne eee MT. ain freee oa ———EE = a ee ae —_ | y eee Uy Wyyyfyyy g YY yyy Yj yf) MU HOWE My Wj; 7. PEEL DIO PEELED Yj Yj Yj YHifyy g Yy vty Yyy py by ty LY YUU wp yj YY by IM yy wy Yj Yy YY ij YY Ep yyy thy) jj Qui ALY) , # Section through ¥ .G. fete fe = ¢ £ 4 (Ge Feet Clive Section through C.D.E . fi 2 ie ee peter: = - i ee — Published for the Soctety, by Cadell and Davies London,28n. WLowry Sculp . . if be P j : Transactions of the Geological Society Vol./. TABLE OF MODIFICATIONS OF THE PRIMITIVE CRYSTAL OF BARDIGLIONE . Fig. 2. Lig. 3. Fig. 8. Fig.i2. a e Nw SS cy Fig.20. Bi Wilson Lowry Sculp. Published for the Society, by Cadell and Davies, London,18n . PLATES AND MAPS IN ILLUSTRATION OF THE SECOND VOLUME OF THE TRANSACTIONS OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY. LONDON: PRINTED AND SOLD BY WILLIAM PHILLIPS, GEORGE YARD, LOMBARD STREET. 1814. i ged oe Je = aa & — : £45 ACA aL 7: 0 C8 a0 AN ma DESCRIPTION OF THE PLATES. PLATE I. ‘Map and Sections of the Isle of Man, in illustration of Dr. Berger’s paper, Page 29. In the upper Section ab is the upper limit of arable Land at the height of 937 feet above the sea. ed_ is the lower limit of Turbary ground, at the height of 1578 feet above the sea. ef is the lower limit of Turbary ground, in another part of the island, at the height of 692 feet above the sea. The Figures in the Map refer to the names of the Hills. — Vide Table, beginning at page 62. PLATE 2. Fig. 1. Plan of the Vitrified Fort of Dun Mac Sniochain, described by Dr. MacCulloch, p. 257. Fig. 2, 3. Pian and Section of the Coal-field at Bradford, near Manchester, described by Mr. Bakewell, p. 282. PLATES 3, 4, 5. {n illustration of Dr. Mac Culloch’s paper on the Granite Tors of Cornwall, p. 66. Plate 3. The Logging Rock at the Land’s End, as it appeared in 1796, described, p. 67. Plate 4. The Cheese-wring near Liskeard, described, p. 69. Plate 5. The Vixen Tor, on Dartmoor, described, p. 70. PLATES 6, 7, 8. In illustration of Mr. William Phillips’s paper on the Veins of Cornwall, p. 110. Plate 6. Fig. 1. Ground Plan of Veins in Tol Carn, Huel Jewel, and Huel Damsel Mines, p. 155. — 2. Slide, p. 136. —— 3. Feeder, p. 138. —— A. Course Flucan, p. 126. — 5. Leader, p. 158. — 6. Ground Plan of Veins in Huel Alfred, p. 157. DESCRIPTION OF THE PLATES. Plate 7. Fig. 7. Section of the Goon Laz and the Pink Mine, p. 137. 8. Section of Tin Croft Mine, p. 152. Plate 8. Fig. 9. Ground Plan of Herland and Drannack and Prince George Copper Mines, p. 146. ——10. Section of Pleasure, Fancy, and North Herland Veins, p. 149. ——11. Sectien of Manor Old Vein, p. 151. PLATES 9, 10, 10,* 11. In illustration of Mr. Webster’s paper on the Strata lying over the Chalk, p. 161. Plate 9. Map of the Basin of the Isle of Wight, shewing the hollow occa- sioned by a depression in the chalk within which some of the more recent strata appear to have been deposited ; and also a part of the district in which the chalk is found wanting, where the strata below the chalk are exposed, p. 168 and 170. The detached figure below represents on a larger scale the west end of the Isle of Wight, where the Section of Pl. 11 is taken. Plate 10. Map of a similar Basin in the vicinity of London, p. 171, 172. Plate 10.*Map, shewing the relative position ofthe Basins of Paris, London, and the Isle of Wight. Plate 1]. Section of the Isle of Wight, from north to south, shewing the middle range of hills, consisting of strata of chalk, very highly inclined ; the horizontal strata inferior to the chalk on the south, (right side of the plate); and the vertical strata of Alum Bay to the north, of later date than the chalk. Against the latter the horizontal and alternating series of marine and freshwater strata in Headen Hill, come up almost abruptly. The coloured section represents Alum Bay and Headen Hill on a larger scale.—p. 182. et. seq. PLATES 12, 13. In illustration of Dr, Mac Culloch’s paper on the Junction of Trap and Sand- stone at Stirling Castle, p. 305. Plate 12. Gives a general view of the Rock where the junction takes place. Plate 13. Is a more detailed representation of that part of the junction where the strata of sandstone are dislocated and broken. It exhibits also the different colours of the trap and sandstone. The white line, near the fragment, is a vein of calcareous spar, p- 306. DESCRIPTION OF THE PLATES. PLATE 14. In illustration of the Rev. W. Conybeare’s paper, on a remarkable class of Organic Impressions occurring in Nodules of Flint, p. 328. PLATES 15 to 26. In illustration of Mr. William Phillips’s paper on the Oxyd of Tin, p. 336. Plate 15. Exhibits the practicable cleavages of the crystals of the oxyd of tin, leading to the determination that the primitive crystal is an obtuse octohedron, (Fig. 18.) p. 351. et seq. Plate 16 to 23. Suite of crystalline forms, representing the existing crystals of this substance, with explanatory figures preceding the suite of each of the 12 modifications to which the primitive crystal is subject, p. 358. et seq. Plate 24. Figures explanatory of the formation of simple and double macles, and shewing that they take place in the direction of the cleavages , actually obtained and described by Pl. 15.—p. 366. et seq. Plate 25.° The er ystalline forms of simple and double macles, p. 368. et seq. Plate 26. The crystalline forms of macles of macles, shewing that they also take place in the direction of the cleavages, decennial by Pl. 15.— pe 374. PLATES 27 to 30. In illustration of Mr. Webster’s paper on Fossil Alcyonia, p. 377. Plate 27, 28. Various appearances of the Tulip Alcyonium. The heads drawn in Pl. 28, are about half the size of the originals. Plate 29. Fig. 12, 13. Various sections of the same fossil, p. 381. Fig. 14, 15. Other species of Fossil Alcyonia. p. 386. Plate 30. View of Western Lines on the south shore of the Isle of Wight, where the tulip aleyonium is best cbserved. PLATES 31, 31+, and 33, Fig. 1. In illustration of Dr. Mac Culloch’s paper, on the Geology of various Parts of Scotland, p. 588. Plate 31. Fig. 1 & 2. Contortions in mica slate, at Loch Lomond, p. 438. DESCRIPTION OF THE PLATES. Plate 31.t Fig. 3. Another example of contortion in miea slate in Ardgowar, p. 438. The other figures exhibit various instances of curvature and con- tortion in veins of granite and quartz, traversing gneiss and mica slate, in different parts of Scotland, p. 459 and 440. Plate 32. Fig. 1. Contortion of mica slate at Loch Lomond, p. 438. PLATE 82, Fig. 2. In illustration of Dr. MacCulloch’s paper on Quartz Rock, p. 450. View of the coast off the Row-storr of Assynt, intended to shew the detached position of the quartz rock mountains. The conical mountain on the left is the Sugar-Loaf at the entrance of Loch Inver and Loch Enard ; on the right is the entrance of Loch Broom and Loch Groinard, p. 458. PLATES 33, 34, and 34.* Yn illustration of the Rev. J.J. Conybeare’s paper on Clovelly, North Devon, p. 495. PLATE 35. In illustration of Dr. MacCulloch’s paper on Staffa, p. 501, and described p- 507. PLATES 36, 37, 38, 39. In illustration of Dr. MacCulloch’s paper on Vegetable Remains preserved in Chalcedony, p. 510. Plate 36, described p. 525. Si, 524, 38, 52 2/39; Z N. B. The Figure attached to each Specimen is intended to express the number of times it is magnified in the Drawing. Transactions of the Geological Sociew Vol 2 Pt, Z Sula f te Sie Vie Mn fm Ac ted tt he Cif of Min o a «' AN . USI of London Published by WEDhillips 1814. mul tile a Ha 7 i a, ib , cad Nyt ee .. ci. ae lf ““* o i te ‘ 4 4 ‘ \e = Transactions of the Geological Soetety, Vol.2. Pl. 2, Me viliffad feat z Sy Iva se . ae {Ny ly) sul \ \\ \\N \Y \\ nn \\ SS a “we \\ ‘SS i) vm WW A ele ease aa age g GB = # i= cA j Fa Z 2 , |e z | enn meee » a ge ears aa I cee A w a a nt ie ee og ee | PN sth Dyna ON yy Zs i aay af, | Sats S me r Mp Ni vi Ny tad © ll Sw Ning GREEN | i) Ma MM i ! Ag ARS | | | ; a “ Mn } | | | | : : 5 Ee | | 4 | | —* ~ * ~ ae ne ~ ~ ® 22° a * G2 SE Jo SCA Z BO ge FF 26 Jcale of Laces. Fn nn nn nl] ee ee eS r Bee nent nnn ms Liu shed by W Phillips. London,2614. »* es @ DLE TM & 10h hean0s 7onbojag Ng jo rucnrvsuny, “PAUL S IU2. a. o > OT ty, Vol. PLATE 4. ogital Socte 7, CeAL r Transactions of the Ad f if. f t ee at (ly (Gees MCL g Sil {> oe fF ; {5 Ke An) t ace ee wt oe se SV ——s ier aoe Bok Hees 2 ‘ it my Cheese wring ehh "a G DLV LT 10h leemos yoribojoeg My yo SUPHIOSUDLT bryr uc ALOT UAL SZ S OF £0 RNWALL. Transactions of the Geological Society Vol. 2. peg PLATE. 6. GROUND, PLAN. — Copper Veins in Tol Carn Mine. a te ; ce Fig.2. or : SLIDE, NV. & S. Section. or" 4 “wf ) ; | Y ‘ po i Damsel t * Fig 6. Fig. 3. : Fig 4. ° * : ' LEADER, N. & S. Section. FEEDER, WN. & J. Section. COURSE FLUCAN, NV. & S.. Section. ' . q Flucan [s/f lucan . ae | € Tin | [Vein Fig.6. my GROUND PLAN, of some of the Veins in H. Alfred COPPER MINE. ba . J { -? é i . = Be i Gross | \Vein. | "Phillips ded. , Published by William Phillips, London, 1814. Wlowry seudp. ‘ 7 = 4 Le & ' Pe aS -'s SHETION oF GOON LAZ Ind THe PINK MINE “ trom Prices Mineral Cornub. ’ vs Surface e Fig.8. SECTION oF TIN CROFT MINE. Surtace SCALE 24 Fathoms to an Inch. Ss Lublished by William Phillips, London, 1624. . - eC! » w WAM AVA we aya. : t " : ae ny por Ww nel _ eee SCALE 50 a SCALE so Fathoms to anInch. Be 4s | Wlowry Scalp. HAMPSHIRE om ISLE or WIGHT BASIN, Bacgrove ving 2 en teeny hae ait cant ahs ale 2* a . ' ded é J hore : / Transactions of the Geatag ical Socteay, Fat. 2, PLO. Hitchin } lo att \ t \ \ Brosetet ) / odtevenage S Seam emit Depart \——_ ail 5 a 2d OSS Haze en i} Malton le Stoken off 2 4 “Gadicote oWaluyn ees ulere Wethampstead Chatk [__] “Ke hae (Old Raison Zé oo Hemprtead eI fo Serata below ? ; ler bose the Chatk al Hunton ° ¢ F Wi ] — Danbury Gr. Haseleigh Mundon Purteigh Bor Epping < Tatchington ee is Forest » a. =e Miah Wiveombe = Haniyeress Beaconstield o Nooburn Marlow Eltham Wouthend “fleet Bromley ‘ J Fleet Rocherter JS S/o af Morton Kirky y atham Meophan re oat (San Rainham SPgters Sa Sultonden Tewingamn rle of Lhanet Tews on Tunboroughe p / Robt Figen neo We Bredhurst ~ 37 D Shores > oc $ il R wugholes®N Oo ram ETD s therhead Walton onthe Hil Wasemore Gr: a a wr = Millsted Harblede < = F pre SF, Dodiington ~~ . Hagdett Chitham Noodthatch fi Ringwould J) Fatvers of E.longdon f DV EV CIOS 9 Margarets oe y Watiietd th Forwand: Forest Row { of Published by WPhillips London. 1814. Transactions of the Geological Socety, Vol, 2. £1.10." pf aw a ~ . | we _ 4G —— CS a S \ \ \\ ) Warrouth H) Powestovr Aung errord > _ °o ¢ ‘ Valenciennes Y oDoulens - ! Yo = = 0 Journay (ay eu > ; D Abbeville |) Goutances ( ° PARIS BASIN S Provirus Grbe $ oe Mon Lutarg ne <2 iD LES, Rotana RY —C oe WW \=s wy ee: re Co a ee ae ; LTO £2 Mop ‘ey ey, tate a Ong land iE. Tice SH. caing We slate MILAMICNA f Ye Lise B. Loe eZ VEE op igh - Le Published by WPhillips London we = A : of i i , Tl eg Pics | r herd eS aa ee : a. Trunsactians of the Gealegionl Soctew Fol.2. Pt. Ti. S Catherines Down. Middle range of Chatk Hills. H Headen Hill - ; Vertical wenta of Alum Bay Headen Hild. Alum bay Published by W Phillips London. 2814. sa psi eae at a gee PE I ee per << oe ee ES eee: er — ee ci eed hipruopuc Ty sthppappuconyiy fig Pus any np '9 he poavsbuy +, ‘ IMISOD SULYG JO dL, ¥ auojspunsy Jo UDWIUIYG cc go ll 4 £ a 230 # =a e ace . gil a eee al za ge SS ae SE. Se eed RO eee ate ok = } Se pies a ES ‘ 7 \ Uy, 5, TNT , Li \ . 4 y Gehl | ye , ‘ | j , 1G ” ly Mb \ | ~y y bf. yf SS if Sy } eS a} ee bet eet —S. . e ae sa) = CLL TAT 1M teams. (spade PYp, FO SUS RUSUULT — meor'g hq poarsbug Php! meager agit ‘aygsv) buysye qv ‘adv. ¥ 2Uuo 7s Pune 17 fo Ue UIUT Ae a] oe pases Hf — fi “) } Vie tc we, shi : 4 »* , f ' 4 sap ole 4 8 SE — Geological Socuety Vol.2 PLATE /4, Transactions of the bs oh ¥. “a J . Foe ae) PAY . athena "1 ra) Bal Be i % i os ; Pa ate ” Wa os — ' ri { Transactions of the Geological Soccety Vol. ae “ a i g XxX, VS Dx] xX x] xX x Xp] x] x] xX SS ZN Z SRS ESSE Sy PPPPs DX xX xX xX DDD RD SS ee [x] Published by William Phillips, London,ié14 . . Wilson Lowry seulp. % ‘f ~ iy we . 7 J { 4 é Py ; ORR 5 gs Fansactions of the Geological Society Vol. 2, PLATE 26: First Modificatvo tr. Fig. 22. ’ Fig. 20. B nT Second Modification. a 7 = eer, Fig.22. Fig. 23. Fig. 24. lips del . : Published by William Phillips London 2614. Wilson Lowry sculp. Transactions of the Geological Society Vol. 2. OXYD or TIN. PLATE 77.. Fourth Modification. g | Fig.34. Ves q =a Fifth Modification. Fig. 45. Fig. 46. Published by William Phillips, London 1674 . Wilson Lowry sculp. i us v oY iat * ay OF. id Ces ee ee eae A iia fication continucd, : ) —= oF Lublished by William Phillips, London, 1314. Wilson Lowry sculp v My rah aah ere nur «oe ver. PO etn eS iccarcar” ieee Geological Society Vol. 2, PLATE 20 Fig. 109. ead OXYD or TIN. Lighth Modification. 7. ! A 6 YQ _ Ninth Modification Fig. Ib. Fig. 0. Fig. 121. ys Gay 3 Se y/ i T ee oa SA imal Cy sesh Vie). aol - ‘ — Published by William Phillips, London, 1874. Wrd Adel Bee , wae: © a ea ery! See |”. Cee, MAU TAC aera Ea 0? “a7 4 ce o \ Crt) aa . ai he bgt) hiee en r y j Fane af, Pity Geli » , tet ie “™ i ss a Transactions of the Geological ety Vol. 2, PLATE © Fig. 183. Ti welfth Modification Published by Witliam Phillips, London, 184. Wilson Lowry seudp. Published by William Phillips, London, 1814 fig. 202. sy Fig. 192. WLowry sculp. b - ein a 4 “al a 1. Pet Ss ) = 42° ri . hee 1 ' aeen | er ? “Pe ¥ ‘ ' « bh ‘ rps, : ‘ } , ' u 4 ee an ‘ 1 ‘ - ’ — “ O XYD OF T I N. ~~ Transactions Ge Geologteal Pca EAR? 2. Maeles continued. - ; Pid i Fig. 220. Published by William Phillips, London, 2614. W Lowry sculp. : hig Vol.2, PLATE 2%. rh), " rs ., ‘ie ‘ >. ue _ ee y “GI a iia t logical Society ¥ J Fig. 224, — , iS A oak hin, ae” a? i > Oe va ; 5: i or ae a a of ° 5 ey, i) S. és. ~, .. ~ = et ee Oe , "5 errs Md Be ‘y t ? YD OF TIN les of Macles. by * ~~ oP ae ae ’ ee So , * i 4 bas ye ie ? XY! AAC ———— iy > Fig. 226. Fig. 230. fig. 229. Fig. 228. Fig. 221. Published by William Phillips, London, 2814. ; Alcyonia. —_ ___SSS—S_\ ——SS =| a SSS => —— SS as oo | my 2, ELATE 28. Aleyonia. 2FLATE 30. éS 7] tern Lines, Isle of Wight q , r a : : . _ sae Transactions of the Geological Sockery Vol.2 PLATE 3). Qontorsions in Mica-state, at Loch Lomond. Se ee Sait f. Bae SE gee 2 Pare +7 Waa dit lal. Jets cre, eal * cn ii Transactions of the Geological Society Wol.2,ELATE' 31,r. Quartz traversing Mica-slate, _ Granite traversing Mica-slate, 3 Glen Spean. Granite traversing Mica-stlate, Blair in Atholl \\ SAS WS SS NS \ SN \ WK SES KKK WGC \\ KAY SS ae Quartz traversing Mica-slate, Aytart. AN A Granite traversing Gneifs, Glen Elg a ———— ee — Mips, London. 184, Published by William Fh % i , ey Ars 0% St Pe ae Jaye + (tee > es ‘iprucpuor sdaprur ucts he prisneng aero ms ua + == PRN S TE l — @ (ee : oY - ie. 7, (Pf) a Luvwvalire te Me Me Wid Chilly, Levene WEE Transactions of the Geological Society, Val. 2. Pl.33. Lublished by W’ Phillips, London.1874 . ’ ; ty* wi . s ‘ Ss eae) ce it + ; 2 ¥ ; ¥ i" 4 sg ; ry ae ’ “J > a ; ‘ : - = a Pan. % . : > ‘uopue T saderryz umipyy ho Peysy ant QUIET PULL] JO wyIVMADID ne A - S00 TIP TE “YO Gam. ¥ A att “ ae. * pe " - ; re, oe: a ; : ee : isi R Ardnamurchan pi Point of pie ayy eet “A 5 4 OransayA D i D> a? ming i I >, = i ULL w”. oe Ss OF fl? i! Mi ; afl ‘ign’ ‘ Gurara L Lublished by WE Phillips, London,tE24 . Tiinsactions ch the Geologwal Soctely, Vol HM. Plate 36. oV*2, Gp, € ) 2d at nN + 16 , ¢ * | « e | 4 hy 3 - Mae Cilloch Del! Published by W. Phillips, London.s81a Liansactions of the Geological Sociely Vol Plate Fi. = 20 A id. 6 20 [Mac Qdloch Del £ Published by WPhithps London TMA > en Md y, PIBT URUOT SAMI M 2 P?YSNUT 22°P Y? 22277 5WL Viansactions of the Geological Soectetv Vol. I. Late 39,” » Wh YN \\ /, / VA /4 : IM! Culloch ded? Published by W Phillips Lona PLATES AND MAPS IN ILLUSTRATION OF THE THIRD VOLUME OF THE TRANSACTIONS OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY. LONDON: PRINTED AND SOLD BY WIELIAM PHILEIPS, GEORGE YARD, LOMBARD STREET: 1S16. ei AM QUA 23 TA Ns jac EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES. PEAY Et. Map of Sky. PLATE 2. #ig. 1. Shows the marble limestone of Kilbride incumbent on the syenite, and succeeded by alternations of shell limestone and schist. Fig. 2. Shows the alternation of marble limestone and shell limestone at Borrereg. Fig. 3. Shows beds of Lydian stone covered by trap: at Duntulm, PL AJE.E. 3. Fig. 1. Ulustrates the variation of the compass on the summit of Glamich. Fig. 2 & 3. Show how a mass of trap overspreading a series of flat strata might by the casual wearing away of parts, give the appearance of having been deposited at different eras. PLATE 4. Fig. 1. Shows the manner in which the sandstone of Strathaird is stratified. Fig. 2. A compound trap vein at Strathaird. Fig. 3. Horizontal strata of sandstone intersected by trap veins: at Strathaird, Fig. 4, A diagram shewing the supposed geological structure of Sky, PLES yee 98, Go. Crystals of Uranite from Cornwall. P EAT Es. S: Geological map of the N. E. of Ireland. PLAST EB: 9. Shows the geological connexion between the W. of Scotland and the N. E. of Ireland. EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES, PLAST E'S: 10; 10*. Sectional views along the N. E. coast of Ireland. Pa T i Sectional views of Kenbaan head and bay, on a larger scale than in the former plate. PLATE 12. Ground plan and section of Birch-hill colliery, near Walsall, Staffordshire. PRAT s 15; Map of Glen Tilt. The Map exhibits the general appearance of the rocks which are visible at the surface. These are distinguished by colours, of which an explanation is given in the margin. I may remark that the same colours are used to represent the same substances throughout the whole of the plates belong- ing to this paper. The Map does not pretend to give every rock which comes to the sur- face, since the spaces which many of them occupy are so small as to have rendered such a detail impracticable. I have omitted particularly many of the small masses of quartz rock which are visible on the granite, as they would, instead of elucidating, have obscured the explanation which this map is designed to give. The southern side being of a more simple con- struction admitted of a more real detail, yet in this also I have not pre- tended to lay down the perpetual and often minute alternations of the schistose rocks with the limestone, since there would not have been room for this purpose: I have contented myself with indicating them in a ge- neral way. In the method used in colouring, I have defined each colour in those places where the rocks themselves are visibly defined. Where these boundaries are uncertain from the covering of soil or other causes, the colours are undefined. The uncoloured parts which lie near the river are intended 1o represent the alluvial matter, although there is little doubt that the junction of the limestone and the granite exists below it. I have detailed as well as I could the several points where that junction is actually visible: greater accuracy would have been impracticable on the map which 1 was obliged to make use of, with which my own measurements were often at variance. But it isa matter of no moment for the purposes of this paper, since its object will be equally accomplished whether there are twelve or thirteen junctions visible, or whether Forest lodge is three or four miles from Gow’s bridge. I have only marked one or two masses of porphyry, as a knowledge of their places was of no moment. EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES. PLATE 14. This and the six following plates are intended to represent some of the most remarkable circumstances which attend the junctions of the granite with the stratified rocks. They consist of the most interesting portions, and of those which appeared to be the best calculated for explaining the different appearances which are to be seen at these points. With regard to the method used in sketching them, 1 must add that they are only eye views. Since the greater number of them are represented as if drawn from a poimt at right angles to the horizon, when they were necessarily taken at an angle often far less than this, it is plain that they will transgress the laws of perspective. But this will produce no alteration in the view they give , of the geological facts, however it may derange their graphic accuracy. 1 have detailed the portions, most frequently, as if they had been detached, although they form in fact parts of continuous rocks. It is plain, when : the magnitude of the objects represented, often extending to 40 or 50 feet, together with the minuteness of the fractures which they exhibit, often descending to the tenth of an inch, is considered, that drawings on so small a scale could not be expected to give an accurate detail of all the points in such a space. The leading features however have been marked with as much accuracy as the nature of the subject admitted, and whatever omissions or alterations may have been made, no liberties have been taken which could in any respect misrepresent the facts described in the paper and visible in the places noted. At the upper end of this figure the granite appears to alternate with the schist. Tracing it further the true nature of the mixture is evident. The portion was selected to show a fact which has been mistaken for an alter- nation of schist with granite, PLATE 15, Represents a disturbance produced in the usual continuity of the sehist and limestone, the schistose beds being abruptly broken off at their lower end. It also shows the detached points and lines of granite which are described in the paper, the limestone at the same time bearing indications of its original laminated structure, although the bed is not only here in a vertical position, but its course is also at right angles to the ordinary course of the beds which constitute the southern side of Glen Tilt. PLATE I6, Represents the splitting of the limestone bed into three parts, with the intrusion of two masses of granite. A confusion of the granite, schist and limestone is also visibie on one side. It further represents the flexure of the lime- stone and the red lines of granitic matter running parallel to it, of which detached specimens are in the museum of the Society. EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES. PLATE 17, Represents a more perfect example of the red lines which are found in the simestone, and these serve at the same time as indications of the bending which the limestone has undergone. Minute granite veins resembling in their composition these red parallel lines are found traversing the fragment of schist, which has lost its usual conformable parallelism to the calcareous bed. PLA TE - 48, Is selected as a representation of that utter confusion among the substances contained at the junction which almost eludes the powers of the pencil. It contains examples of all the variations which in the former drawings have been separated from each other, and in addition to those is shown an instance of the compression of the limestone bed. PLATE 19. To preserve uniformity in the colours which represent the different rocks I have here also tinged the limestone blue. It is white in nature. It serves to show the entire loss of the stratified character which the limestone so often undergoes in the vicinity of the granite. Specimens from this junc- tion are also in the Society’s collection. Pi LAT E20. The sections in this and the next plate are intended to represent the relative positions of the rocks, and they are founded on numerous observations throughout the Glen. The alternations are not laid down as real, nor is there any pretence to conjecture dimensions which could not be measured. Fig. 1. Represents the case occurring at Gow’s bridge where the limestone and schist are found on each side of the river. It may be said that the water has not yet wrought its way to the junction. Fig. 2. Represents the case which predominates throughout Glen Tilt. The river here divides the stratified rocks from the granite, and has exposed the various junctions which are laid down in the map and described in the paper. It is easy to see how these will sometimes consist of limestone, sometimes of schist or of quartz rock, and sometimes of all the three substances, with the granite. Fig. 3. Represents the case which occurs at Cairn a’chlachan, as well as in numerous other situations, and it explains the otherwise puzzling pheno- menon of the apparent alternations between the quartz rock and the granite. It is easy to see that the schistose strata, once possibly lying much higher on the granite, have remained in some places while they have disappeared in others, EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES. Fig. 4. Is intended to represent the probable confusion which exists at the junction of the stratified with the unstratified rock. The drawings of the actual appearances at the junctions which are visible, will show that there is abundant ground for such an imaginary section. PLATE 2l. Fig. 1. Represents the actual superposition of the rocks at the Criny, serving to justify the ideal sections which have been already given. The rocks being inaccessible are not however measured. Other indications of a similar order occur in different places, but I thought it unnecessary to represent them. ‘ Fig. 2. Is intended to represent the probable appearance of the strata had they been deposited on the granite. Since the same beds of quartz rock, schist and limestone, are parallel among each other, they should if they had been thus deposited been also found parallel to the granite. But the actual appearance is shown in Fig. 3, Where the strata, sometimes of limestone, sometimes of quartz rock, sometimes of schist, are found in contact with granite. Phair EB’ 22, Represents the extraordinary fact occurring near Gow’s bridge; the interference of beds of hornblende, schist and marble. PoE AQT E23. Geological map of the South-Western Part of Somersetshire. PLATE #2. Fig. 1 & 2. Represent the seeming alternation of red marle and lyas on the coast of Somersetshire. Fig. 3 & 4. A map and section of part of Lincolnshire. PLATES 25, 26. Lord W. Seymour’s Clinometer. a > % ; “| ‘ Dia, ’ > P , L a a te j 4 ’ 4 Sey ie , ’ eae ~ a 4 di 4 7 Fa » tary i : : +t” ee | fy ave weed ase ‘ CEM 4 te 7 —) ed a 7 n ame, Seen ens "oer ' . , a. : i Mies i rue § ee et. AO, oe we ahi? y gas “ognhy ie y f ‘ ar 6 ” | : ¢ PAP ign en, 6 per oa j a gs gant ee: ¥ Rey wm™ —_ vancinct by de r op eas ty oda re val enscbhag ‘henge eV OF Oey RR tN Swart Anta whos Mp. RE anal 4 Is Nip a eee at ¥be des Transactions of the Geological Socdry, Vol 10-212 ~ Altavig ioe ta Glen Elo Bernera Barracks Castle na Fuchag ® Ru Borniselag 9 % Ai, ei we % Tyvleaken Pabba Loch Snitzort Loch Ora. nsd > SY de Madeods Maidens Dunan Point Point of Sleat Engraved by J.Cross,e7 Rassell Court. Published by WPhullips, London 18. ee ee aden. tle oe vis ‘ qaeh a. * 7 ~ == a = Tt : Section of Limestone sandstone & Syenite at Kilbride, x Section of the same tn another direction, prolonged towaras Borrereg showing the superpostitons of the sata, and an example of alvernation between te Shelly & the marble lunestone. e Position of the lydian stone under the Trap at Duran. a sa - ak ss ae Be ee SON ee eae a aL Jam oe a Pansactions of the Geological Society Vol3 PLATE 3 Galtions of tne magnet necile on the summit of Clamich nm Shy. Sard stone | Tinvestone Fig.3 Trap q © = Drawn by Mac Gulloch, MD, * ’ ' ye! * , - - a a Liblished by Wiliam Phillins, London, 2816. bh) eats in i Fray . pe te i et ee. ry | =e ober 2 ee i 7 « i ii i, y . cop ee, See oe a ee ae © Oe ee ae —_—s / Transactions of the Geological Sociey Vol,3.PLATE 4. ‘a JSanastone at Strathatra. Compound Trap vein at Sirathaira y ( { } i Se 1 Tig Hi Sandstone wntersected by Trap at Sirathaird Cinkstne & Mountain trap Jvanied wrap $$$ —- + Jandstone & Shake 1 F 1 om 7 JAnasSTONE Wife Selly LUNESTONE Marble Lomestone Rei Sandstone White Quartz oct fp. — OXYD or URANIUM Transactions of the Geological Society, Vol Il. Plute 5. Varieties of the Primitive Crystal. Fin. Kerst Modifica how. — om a eae: ace Se oe. A ss ha ; Fig. 6. Fig.7. , | Y Second Modification . Fig. 45. Fig.16. lips. Published by WPhallips London, 286. Engraved by Hiss D Lowry. RO ee ee | M5 Pe 3 . ley A r/o of the Geological Society Vol.3 Plate 6. ‘ . bh} =¥ Published by W Phillips London 1816. Engraved by Mifs D Lowry. be (4 | . a aa « 4 ay a ¢...... of the Geological Society, Val 3. Pla See 5 ere Ne Sith Modiypication. Published by W Phillips, London abil. Engraved by Miss Dionry. ‘CNY TAT oe at LO a Vy O% eile 2) saaenbs zavemespug-neqety po yp M9 peavaduy Eel uepuey “Kb A Ka peysypgt TAO Es, VOL «0 415, a Q Fu07 a XY VQLDIS 2, o op Moning SLOVSEM, oe ‘ SS a o> : eas ab 6 a H Sd.00 qAITIY go 0% of ‘ PMO aSRUE < Crupy boy ge cu F e iB os : * TOSUILO £s fo oF Pa ere... Lz T haoz, = YLdloAr + + 99 Oe oe ae er eC WN ODT + o£ + v. 9 t+ + Ae ee OT}, 99 =e Gor 66 ‘don 2720), ore a 99 ol Zor . fi Y2IM PBEVIIOSSD " of , SUOMTULLOZ LEIS OE GTB sia teil pur f capaiere 9 UOWDULIOS PDO) IY2 AG PRANIIO PRLISIT o® e # *S72DABAAL FYFOMAALD YIRYM U2 JILGQSICE ar) Pare g ; SL ‘SYTDAAA PODS DIY Y2RYM Ud PIS AVE DIAT home? 0 ULQUDYE g UOPlOUsn) Cy ™% ’ ApMasn@e) Suv) tr n e085 { soa x Soatpyep °xn! TAA 2 poe prey, 5 cuduire su 2 » WL OULY OP UO TT RUMORSYOO) TOYDOT. ° “ouaeyscire a PREOLOT ayhog "T Ex VO ANO OP a TO IK ‘ ty Transactions of the Geologuad Society Voi. 3 PLATE 10. Bellaire hill { | Lurgethan Tea buliagh Croach a crue Newton glens or 4 ales rdand DOULA Cushendall — ae = LS : Cua / items —_ Re Gel - Old Red Sandstone aA I ee SoS ily 0 naclore Tg TT TIO _ ss TOR PO i EG = ae ; Secttonal View of the NE. Coast of Lreland. Published by William Phillips London 18:6. ; { Fairhead MURLOCH BAY = Cee ee CME. - i at ne a oft hill ail Hi! 4 MT « ae a 7 Z we 7 ~ =a - S ce = (adel Va : ogee : = = . Se — -— a 2 Miles inland al SS SS ae SS ee “a North star dyke rz] Pa TES ar ye <= ERY COOL MAGH ‘ 1 ORG Doney Gregor Xi] (ae aa Knock: Soghy Ridge of Coagh More 4 PORT MOON ——_ Glen. Steaeah at a pee Vos Dunseverie Castle — SS = —— 7S a ea iste TN 1D eae am os mor MM ro ES eS 2 pean ; an Urea OT 4 = rere — : in Isles oF Beanyn Minn —_ me Port Noffer a HU mui | The Causeway eh 5 hs Fp CS ST Portrush a > c da | = | ews _——— Rie | Magillingan Higad Between the points a & b a low range of Between the points c& da Nat beach extends tor about 2 miles 2 miles inlanut c= Basaltie Cliffs, extends tor nearly tour miles. through this the River Barn Tows into the Sea. a F Basalt en at. __ a le a ON ‘The Index to the Colours on this, and the following | | Plate; it on the preceding. Sectional View oF the NE. Coast of Treland by Widitam Phelps Lerdon 2016. Engraved te Serge casket Aah ie 7 < ‘ OIQT uoyUoT stays Umm hg PRUs ‘ili7e uovguay fo U0rvAe,g - Reagan is Ae Mey Pu 3 err ener Nw ewes er I ee er an SN ay TR Seip eet “Ot ° me ar ce re ewe Serer re = ee, an oe HS ener tor: Oe eer wee rr pray uvoquay fo quod ewenne mp uc. sligo uovquay fo mer, wr” NE 4 if :% ‘ A giprucpue7 stared waz ka woysmeny — -Aaoapog qnwy yrug Jo uormoop 9 wg punosg fi ‘ S tO . | 7 —— OR ua ‘ — | (ou 70m POTD | ; : - s A - — 7 IIE, 3 ou casu = ~ = 3 quaysp uns cae | ra f Fa - , . : ce Lay ON mei: 0s ai i (ia ates PMLA 0d W924) % = set DL ot Fe es aed wane a rere : Z - y WE ay fs ime Published. by NEPhillips London 1816. One Mile 3 ys Mluthate GP Maccullochs [Yo npr al Geological Transwctions Vol UPb13. Section G i , i 4 a 2: =A eae - AN = E ee aS WS eS = — =e = =—— —————— = = =—— ———— mt SSS = 4 i | ; 9 ‘ Yi Yy J Ly Wp );, WM, /77- MM Wi) “My/ Wifft UL Glen Lilt. Transactions at the Geological Society Wold. PLATE, 16. Tenn 5 , \\ \\ AN iy WV yy YA i Ce a\ \ } AEA ZZ C4 YG Yi: Witty Ui Gj ee a $ BO Ls fo oe or = =. Co ey ye ha es ee es SS. sche! ee Etched by 6.lacke EM London 1826. Glén LULe hadley: Wicam. Thilleps Published by tt i. iN IN &. s tie ee ae 7) ee ae gigr wopucT sdagriy Wan AE PURTT erreoig [| poy neon x ames oucrsount| | “QUOLSIUNT YY AULD 24 fo uowounl ay, 20 U0uRIe? “GO gv woos “AA 2Y WORPS vx Transacions oF the Geological Socety Vol.3. PLATE 21. — 4 Jeciton at Glen criny Sechion ¥f the Strata had been deposiied on the craniite. 6 Bp Lae Glock, WD Actual Section at Glen Tilt. from G.to H. ons of the Geological Society V6.3 PLATE 22.” Frans engraved by Geo, (oe Pea f Transactions of te Geological Society, VolIIt. Plate 23. Sa, 'y nholeFurnt? Patt a, f \ ‘ Fa at a Grauwacke Formation De dan! . ) 4 5 R ; 7 Red Rock &o. , ; n— ; _ Easth 2] Lyas Strata Beds of Limestone av CGrauwacke Form” GLOLO GICAL Wie ofthe SOUTHWESTERN PART of SOMERSETSHIRE. TAUNTON ——— Engraved by J. Cross, 27 Russell Court. Published by WPhillips, London, 1816. 4 4 cy mt et , Transacaons of the Ceologual Socety Vol.3.PLATE 24. | om Te el, Y : : : | } | i Engraved by Glooke Becanstions of elGbatagioul Uociotg Tal. aamae i i. +4 Published by W. Philips, London1816. Transactions of the Geological Sactety Ll. 26. CLINOMETER SY \\ 1816. Published hy MW Phillips, London. nidelin. PLATES AND MAPS IN ILLUSTRATION OF THE FOURTH VOLUME OF THE TRANSACTIONS GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY. LONDON: PRINTED AND SOLD BY WILLIAM PHILLIPS, GEORGE V4ARD, LOMBARD STREET. bo 1817. \ > EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES. PLATE I. Map of Northumberland and Durham, to illustrate Mr. Winch’s paper. ,The colouring points out the different rocks. The contact of that series called the Leadmine measures or Mountain limestone with the red marl or sand- stone to the westward of Temming towards Brampton is not accurately ascertained, but a little to the south-east it has been traced by Professor Buckland from Melmerby to Murton, and is laid down in the map accom- ‘panying his paper (Plate 5.) The letters U and D, placed against the com- mon slip dykes of the coal measures denote that the strata are elevated or depressed on that side by the number of fathoms marked after the letter. Pb Awe 2 Is a figure of the fossil Fish, apparently belonging to the genus Chetodon, found in the magnesian limestone at Low Pallion, as mentioned in page 9. PLATE 38, Is a plan, communicated to the Society by Mr. Hill of Newcastle, of the Dyke in Walker Colliery, taken at the level of the High Main Coal, 100 fathoms from the surface. The sectional lines, AA and BB, mark the situation of horizontal drifts that have been cut through the dyke, the particulars of which are given in page 22. PLATE 4. Fig. 1. Shows the manner in which the magnesian limestone overlies the Coal measures at Whitley quarry near Cullercoats. The ninety-fathom Dyke is seen passing through the Coal measures, and the limestone appears de- posited in a hollow or trough upon them in a manner that shews it to be of a subsequent age, as the former are much dislocated by the dyke, while the latter is not.at all disturbed. See page 4. Fig. 2. Isa sectional view of the Dyke at Walbottle Dean, described page 23 EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES. PEATE: ¥, The Map represents the country described in Professor Buckland’s paper; in it are marked the lines of the sections, No, 2 & 3. The sectional figures are imaginary, and intended to shew the supposed relative “No. No. No. position of the st-ata. 1, Shews the abutment of the red sandstone against the ends of the lower strata of the escarpment, as it is seen both on the north of Melmerby and south of Dufton. The letters A. B. C. point out the abrupt contact of the sandstone against the greenstone and slate. The letters C. D. E. shew its similar position in regard to the lower strata of the great limestone series, 2. Shews the position of the strata in the line marked on the map from Hartside Fell to Ousby, where (at A.) the sandstone-is seen abuting against the disturbed and nearly vertical limestone and coal measures, which form a low scar in that part. . 3. Represents the strata in the line marked No. 3. on the map, and the beds of stratified entrochal limestone mentioned in p. 114, are seen on the west of Keisley Pike dipping rapidly under the sandstone. 4. Represents the section of the strata as seen in the cliffs from Whiteltaven to St. Bees head, where the sandstone is seen lying on the magnesian lime- stone which is deposited on the coal measures, Mr. Winch, at page 4, men- tions that the magnesian limestone is seen also at Whitley quarry lying upon the coal measures. The dark spot in the red sandstone points out the situation of a gypsum quarry. London: Printed, by W. Philips, George-yard, Lombard-street. 1 EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES. PART II. PLAT E..6. Veins of granite and porphyry traversing the schist of Cruachan. Fig. 1. Passage of porphyry veins through schist already traversed by veins of granite. . Fig. 2. A similar circumstance, representing at the same time the parallel and adjoining position of two veins of differently coloured porphyries. PLATE 7%. Plan and Sections of the mine of Huel Peever, shewing the interruptions that have occurred to the veins in that mine. The ground plan, Fig. 1. represents the effects produced by the cross courses intersecting the veins that run in the direction of east and west. The transverse section, Fig. 2. shows the interruptions among themselves of the veins that run in an east and west direction, occasioned by the various degrees of inclination of their underlie. The tin vein is intersected by the copper vein, and they are both again affected in a similar manner by the two slides. The longitudinal section is explained, p. 144. — PLATE 8. Tunnel of the Tavistock Canal. The various beds and lodes met with in working through the hill are here represented, as well as the number of shafts sunk in the process of making the Tunnel. PLATE 9. Map of Sky, described p. 156. a EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES. PLATE 10. Agate pebbles from the hill of Kinnoul in Perthshire. Fig. 1. Represents a hollow nodule containing small chalcedonic stalactites. It is placed in the same position which it appears to have occupied in the rock where it was formed. On considering its construction and comparing it with those of stalactitic caverns on a large scale, it will appear probable that after the deposition of siliceous matter which now forms the exterior crust had taken place, the process of infiltration became limited to its upper part. Thus the superior pendents were formed, while the dropping of the chalcedonic solution from their points has produced the corresponding stalagmite below. Where the infiltration has been most easy the stalactite and stalagmite have met, while the total suspension of the process in another part, has left a portion of the cavity unoccupied. It is easy to comprehend how such a nodule might be found filled with water, or how it might be occupied with quartz crystals instead of chalcedony. It is equally easy to see, that it might under certain circumstances give access to a solution of carbonated lime, in which case the interior would be occupied by a calcareous crystal; a circumstance extremely common. The crystal in such a case would either be found independent within the cavity, or filling up tae whole vacuity, according to the length the process had been carried; both of which varieties are well known to mineralogists. Fig. 2. This example presents a variety of the same process very common in the chalcedonic nodules of Faroe. The stalactite in this example is tortuous, and the bottom of the cavity is filled with horizontal layers of the same substance. Where these specimens are found to consist of parallel lamine perforated by stalactitic forms, whether straight or crooked, they present a very mysterious aspect, but their formation is easily explained in the same way. The stalagmite in this case assumes the same diffused flat form that calcareous ones often do in large caverns, while as it continues gradually to rise it surrounds and entangles the dependent bodies without losing its parallelism, until the whole cavity is filled and consolidated into one mass. Fig. 3. This figure represents one of the more obscure cases that occur in the chalcedonic nodules of trap. It may perhaps be explained by supposing that the straight parallel layers were first formed till one half of the cavity was filled, and that the layers parallel to the cavity, which appear above, had been deposited afterwards by the more tedious process to which the ordinary concentric nodules owe their existence. ‘The cavity then remaining has been fiiled by quartz from a change of character in the percolating solution. 4. The same process appears to have been carried on in this specimen, with the variation only that the whole of the upper and last remaining cavity has been filled by the concentric layers. EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES. Ce PLATE 11. This plate represents a fragment of the rock of Kinnoul, including the junction of the schist and the trap. The vesicular cavities are seen running in lines parallel to the lamine of the schist, and increasing in size and number where they approach to the trap. The contortion of the lamine is also represented at the points where the two rocks unite, and in the same place the appearance of a detached fragment is visible. There is unquestionable proof of the existence of such detached fragments in many cases, as they may be found entirely surrounded by the trap, and only discoverable after breaking it. The conversion and prolongation of the schist into ramifying veins is also shown, the schistose structure disappearing shortly after the change takes place. PLATS 12. Forms of crystals to illustrate Mr. Phillips’s paper on the Measurement of Primitive Crystals by the reflecting goniometer. PLA TBs. Map and Sections of the Plastic Clay District on the south-east of London. The colours represent, 1. Chalk. 2. The formation of Plastic clay. 3. That of the London clay. 4. The tract of Marshes lying along the banks of the Thames—the flat grounds of Southwark, St. George’s fields, Battersea and Chelsea, are coloured as belonging to this district, since they appear to have remained in the state of unreclaimed marshes even within the period of historical record: beneath a great part of this district lie the remains of an extensive forest, (vide page 504). The numbers marked upon the map denote various points, where either natural 1} sections are exhibited or where pits have been opened. Marks the section ascertained by Sir Christopher Wren while laying the foundations of the new Cathedral of St. Paul; see Parentalia and page 287 of this volume. 2. The Tunnel at Rotherhithe or Redriffe; see the section as given in Mr. Ee Webster’s paper on the Strata lying over the Chalk, Geol. Trans. vol. ii. page 197. It should be observed that the section of the sout »ern shaft only is there given. In the northern a thickness of nearly forty feet of the London clay was exhibited, in consequence of the dip of the strata in that direction. Between Camberwell and Peckham. Here the shelly beds of the Plastic clay have been found in digging wells at the depth of thirty feet. At New Cross, near this point, they are found at the surface. Gr ba | 10. 11. EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES. . The pits at Loam Pit hill, described at page 285 of this paper: a section of these pits is represented in this Piate, No. 2. . Pits of sand and chalk on Blackheath hill. . The cavern beneath the point at Blackheath. This is an extensive adit driven into the substratum of chalk. . Sand pits in the middle of Blackheath ; these are situated in the upper sands of the plastic clay formation. -In the year 1803, an extensive excavation which had formerly been made into these strata was laid open; it was sup- posed to extend to the chalk beneath, but the roof fell in and the passage became choaked up before it had been explored. . On the south-east of Montpelier Row, Blackheath, a pit was opened in the plastic clay, by Mr. St. Leger, in 1805, and manufactured into various articles of pottery. ‘The shelly beds occurred in this pit. . Slope of the hill on the north of Vanburgh fields, east of Greenwich. Here the shelly beds of the plastic clay are visible. A chalk pit at the foot of Charlton hill. Extensive sand pits near Charlton Church. This is the inferior sand of the plastic clay ; the shelly beds are seen covering it. ‘he section precisely agrees with that of the great Woolwich pits. : 12. A chalk pit at the foot of the hill. . The great sand pits of Woolwich. The section they present is described page 284, and represented in this plate, No. 3. About a hundred yards on the east, the excavation is continued into the substratum of chalk. . Here an akrupt declivity beneath the Marine barracks at Woolwich presents a good natural section of the shelly beds of the plastic clay. . The gravel pit at Plumsted, mentioned in Mr. Parkinson’s paper on the Vicinity of London. Geol. Trans. vol. i. . A deep shaft sunk into the substratum of chalk; mentioned at page 290 of this paper. . A pit in the London clay with Septaria; near the rise of Shooter’s Hill; see page 290. . Chalk pits in the bottom of the ravine between Plumsted and Wickham. . Well on Boston heath, mentioned page 291 of this paper. . Bridgend place 1 Localities where the shelly beds of the plastic clay have . Near Bexley _ been dug into. . A deep shaft sunk into the substratum of chalk and there communicating with horizontal adits. There are many such in the woods about Crayford and Dartford heath. . Green Street Green 4 In these localities the characteristic shells of the . Cockleshell bank plastic clay formation are abundantly found ; they . Betsham. are particularly described in Thorpe’s Costumale Roffense and Hasted’s History of Kent. . Near Bromley. flere the shells of the plastic clay occur. EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES. 5 27. Sundridge Park. Here are the remarkable pits of indurated sheliy gravel, described by Mr. Parkinson, Geol. Trans. vol. i. and p. 299 of this paper. 28. Between Sundridge Park and Camden Place, in the bottom of the valley, is a chalk pit covered with inferior sand of the plastic clay formation. ’ a SECTIONS. All these sections have been constructed on double scales, viz. a larger scale for the heights or vertical distances and a smaller for the horizontal distances. No. 1. General Section from Redriffe Tunnel to Knockholt beeches. This is carried along the line of section marked in the map. The scale for hori- zontal distance is nearly the same asin the map. The colours also are the same, with the exception that the thick stratum of white sand which forms the lowest member of the plastic clay formation, is here distinguished from the other members of that formation by dotting it. No. 2. Section of the pits upon Loam Pit Hill, see page 285. ‘The strata are here coloured after nature; their resemblance to those of Alum bay in the Isle of Wight will instantly strike the eye on comparing this section with that accompanying Mr. Webster’s paper, Geol. Trans. vol. ii. No. 3. Section of the Great Sand Pits at Woolwich; described page 284. This section agrees with the preceding in its scale, in its colouring, and generally in the strata which it exhibits; but the partial changes which occur in different points of the same deposits will be likewise observed in comparing them together: the direct distance of these pits from those of Loam Pit Hill is rather more than three miles. PLATES I4, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22. Views, Maps, and Sections to illustrate Dr. Mac Culloch’s paper on the Parallel Roads of Glen Roy. Plate 14. A view in the upper part of Glen Roy, representing the terraces and the character of the valley at its commencement. The slope on the right of the picture is part of one of these terraces. ' Plate 15. A view lower down, representing the coincidence between the terraces and one of the dines. ‘The entrance of Glen Turit is seen in the distance, Plate 16. A view from near Glen Fintec, comprising that part of the valley where the most perfect and uninterrupted continuity of the several /incs is visible. On the hill which forms the distances of the picture they are also most perfect in their dimensions and forms. Plate 17. A view lower down the valley. It serves to represent among other things the disappearance of a line where no assignable reason for its absence exists, 6 EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES. Plate 18. Sketch of the ground explanatory of the several appearances described in the paper. The cross lines refer to the sections in Plate 21. The upper part represents such profiles of the /ines as seemed most necessary for the elucidation of the subject. Plate 19. A Map, which serves to represent the several vallies that communicate with Glen Roy at the altitude of its lines. It also points out the communi- cation which it would have with the sea were it now filled with water to the level of its uppermost dine, the colour indicating both. Plate 20. A Map, for the purpose of pointing out on a larger scale the commu- nications of Glen Roy with the vallies in its vicinity that bear the marks of the lines. : Plate 21. Sections referred to in Plate 18. _ Plate 22. Ideal sections referring to the circumstances represented in Plate 19. PL. A "Tele 23. Porphyritic veins traversing the schist of St. Agnes in Cornwall, described in the Rev. J. J. Conybeare’s paper, page 401. Fig. 1. Isa view of Cligga Point, the promontory of which is formed of granite resting upon the schist. The vein of elvan is seen passing through the schist dipping at a smaller angle than that of its stratification. Fig. 2&3. Are different eagles of the veins of elvan in the schist, represent: ing some of the irregularities that characterize them. PLATE 24. Appearance of the Paramoudra, and of other siliceous veins and nodules in chalk. Fig. 1. Part of a vertical section of a chalk pii, near Moira, shewing in their relative proportions the chalk alternating with flinty nodules, with three specimens of Paramoudre in their matrix.—(Scale half an inch to a foot). Fig. 2. Specimen of a Paramoudra from the same place, presented by Dr. Bruce to the Museum at Oxford, Fig. 3,4, 5, 6. Other specimens seen in the same chalk pit near Moira.— (Scale of Nos. 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, an inch and a half to a foot.) Fig. 7. Fragment broken from a Paramoudra inclosing a small cluster of hexagonal celis, supposed to have been accidentally introduced from some extraneous body. (The drawing is maguified much beyond the natural size.) Fig. 8. Veins of plated flint at Hurley Bottom, near Henley, cutting the beds of chalk and flinty nodules. (See Note, page 417.) Fig. 9. Veins of flint cutting the chaik at Rottingdean, with strata of plated and noduiar flints in the same section of the cliff_—The iines represent strata and veins of plated flints. ‘The dots express siliceous nodules. (See Note, page 417.) EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES. 7 PLATE 25. Fossil Shells found in the slate of Tintagel and of Snowdon. PLA E 26, Represents a Shifted vein in thie ie, with explanatory diagrams. Fig. 1. Represents a fraapant ofthe mi tone with the present appearances of the disjoined parts of the vein. - ee: Fig. 2. An attempt to replace thé vein in its offecnal position. The dotted lines, + which represent the directions. taken by the separated parts of the vein, also indicate the intervals of thg@aminz to the sliding of which the present appearances must be attributed. | The want of peesitelian | in their relations is intentional, for the purpose of gaining sufficient space to represent each part distinctly. Fig. 3. Represents a similar vein traversing a number of parallel laminz, in its natural position. Fig. 4. The same vein after the motion of the lamine, with the effects that would follow both in its own appearance and in the shape of the including rock, PLATE 27. Chlorite crystals and vegetable remains in quartz and chalcedony. Fig. 1, Shews the Setealar accumulations of chlorite crystals which occur in quartz. Fig, 2. The same magnified. fig. 3. Supposed from its structure to be a conferva :—in a chalcedony. Fig, 4. Another similar substance in a similar situation. PLATE 28. Fig. 1. Shews the veins of granite passing into the schist in the Mourne Mountains. The upper, or lighter tinted part represents a portion of the granite which forms the summit of the mountain, the lower dark part the schist, into which the veins of granite run. At the mouths of the veins are sometimes seen small insulated pieces of the schist. Fig. 2. Shews the peculiar disposition of the colouring matters in the killas rock at the Gun Wharf, Plymouth Dock, described in Dr. Mac Culloch’s paper, page 399. Bd ke. “a ita a ey Wig bind rs x) << , a io ‘ann 4, Aa i ‘ouay wopuoz Sd E A MY PARNGNT hans werany {| ommys appournig (IY ouospuos png anydp dog, oy a nm po —— ols am ie 3: md pp + aneve me oumsmruy anon oucnpuor pos mou sono poy “CNY TMT AIA MELLO |X f ou ») TAY HIE A “i < v 7 F F 7 - i - ; i " on : , 4 ayons Nepezus UCUTEL MOT 20 WUALSIMIT UvISAUDOYT YZ UL PUNOL YStT JIS Og ‘ , 2 f \d 7 vi ie ; tal *' / Yi] = ao 7~. =. Transactions of the Geological Soaety VolALL Scale of Yards 88 equal to an Inch - wy 60 60 Io Ro Mo 160 bo 200 yards meters I rr sone. ce, meotiis lommum Slip dykes of te coal measures WO rhe vier oF the wan coke Flan of the Dyke in Walther Colhery. London, Published. by WPillips. 18:6. vr € 7 4.7 dae a? by op hie i, ; : yt @ co oes A ry. a ’ e Lransactions of the Geological Socvety Vol.4.2LATE 4. e? wrprucpuny sdayy uno ys hg peysy eT Uppy” pre bpnupy a womigey fipunor ica A PUPPY O por py ‘ a “2yonn fo vasmbug \ ——_ oe a bingo Suotey Cal ee suneooub doy | ma teeee Rte 7 gt ae aoa) AL Kita dd E33 somsvru jay |) ] : auospuos purig [| runsun unsruooy muy auaspuos pos may [| : ALOOUL Uop: OUD a ay hasta LAN UOn2aS PLATE. 6, Jocteay Vol.4. 7 the Geologtcad i ‘lt CS AX Nay, Schist +S iS N aN 5 Ss x LI = 0 = ran \\\ 4\ Kya: ae : Ny I \ : \ AAAI 9 DT Me. \_2 ection| of Fig. 2. . j= WN & ene oF VS: i= oO s 8 Transactions of the Geologiual Society Vol 4,PLALE, 7. Fug. 2. es a Tin Vein & Copper Ven (Johns Cofsan) ¢ Worth Side. @ South D°® e Copper Ven * Ven of Clay Elvan) xyz Crofs Courses 2 Daneys Shatt 2 Engine D* 3B Wichollss D° 4 G5eorges D? 5 New EngineD? 6 Harveys D° @ 7 Ola Adic levet 8 Twelve fathom D? ; 9 Shallow D*® St ee zo Deep _Adat H 26 32 48 Scale of Fathoms Transverse Sectionm,of Huel Peever. cers ‘ : i" w > ‘ ov q : 4 4 : | | a Oe rs | _? ii | sf . 2 5 f) me Oe) owen . “ching ys Cac aa/ ; ' 4 ie On Ae ee a aa a * a de) / a Way BOT e SBE NDIA, 2dde? 2por PLLROI SLL) nunéieas vit 2PoT az Pua 1pi0, yy BOYS CLAD ima of the Gwloyinl Socizty Vol.42l:9- With the BOGE cial : a a Scale of Mi Crowy eculp 27 Rageell ( Coment G® | prekenged to sanutetone of Roam, Pubdijhed by While Londen 3817. ug cal Soctety Vol 4.PLALE 10. ANT. a ae ie Agate Tebbles frope the LLill of Fitnnotwl. Draws ¥ f q q aes Ni { Ji Zz shi ay) GS Aw t \\ Junction of the schist & trap, with the prolongation of the former into veins, in the Lill of Rinnoul. . : } it “e : PRIMITIVE CRYSTALS. % Sulphate of Baryies. ; Corundum. Sulphate of Strontian. ; Specular Tron. Staurotide, ; 4 ; 2, Mi x Carbonate : of. Lead Sulphate of Lead. aL, Published by WePhillips London 1217, + , Engraved by Mes Lowry. Po Section of the Pits on Oa Pir one, mear LEVIS, Middle Pit Lower Pit P5650 0 © S OD G6 CMO se SF OOLCy ( CHALE ale of veracal distances, or height: Section of the Great Sand. Pit at iN ; t 4 : 3 : % 3 BEB ix Sand >. ila Wives SECLUOR bie < —= Sor rue PLASTIC Cir ibe SMRUCW year LOMDORM. | Lendon Clay ce —lPlasuc lay | ) . gical Gee ottons of the LFansa Socteey Wol.4, PLATE ]4 tN IROY. py | oe | +o iS S a § ss Sa & = = & ’ —— } = ~S s Ls S & SA as 2 i Fite as co ° BS x q e MEIRIRA = a= = r3 Ly MW NN AORN Hin the Geological Sactety Vol. 4. PLATE J& or LY ARSACHLOMS ee Wit ct ake. EOo. neved by ILJIEN IROY, of G: KILS ys “4 1© COMmMencement of the LF IT & of tf > X = ey Z j&2) Pe ‘as : 14. PLATE I6. Vol 5 fee. Engraved ty G. Coo a L FINTEC. TR EN G ukem mear Py a LEN ROY t G VIEW in W Phillips. London, 1817. hed by bl P, ) Ay MK i Bei es _._ —— — : 7 4 Ser & T entrance of Glen Gley and. elsewhere th only one place and of the GLEN ROY, k PARALLEL ROADS. ' ~ Ligr uopuoy did M OV PUL a) FHAS9D 5D YITMY Ze dng ony — = = = SS = a = SSS = = + - ————— = BLY 45 SS “VRS oP DUA TOR ILE Jo suonsoun0) ap Sormoyg IVF Y a ss ’ : | ‘ \ > j ¥ 9 -" ; he ; ? ' Gr =) a i 4. Ws 7s y i 7 * ibe i, - ’ 7 : Transactions of the Geological Sociay Vol. 4. Pl. 20. 1 Reza Wrongs \ go. LLL Crota fea'n 27 Ruthell C! Covent G™ ~ IMac Culloch delt—— WPhillips London 1617. Publijped oie) i «i ee ¥ ; : a 5 way ne ee a” a) y » /] Hs ~ a ‘ is \ ms | Me n oe | ~ ‘= x iS ‘ 4 . nnn enna anys ennnsctan anaes necnssanenuccusuncnuasanencenneneeanens Se eS = nbs fore 128 12006 et : Loch Nekr ; sects nnn een ee een neers nanan nanan aa nennnan ae eainnnenana seenancnanennnas ne cnennnncnnnnennnnnnenennn ape teen , ie Thro toch Fil & hoc Linnhe 4 : a 1262) — Dhro’ Lock Bil & Loch Shia : + ( es A OW y of on “Pp tien Kr he Geer ‘ a age (ah 7 * in) d ‘ ie, t y wy a weirs i ' 7 Jie 4 a ( 2 ; - 4 J 7 + « é i is ’ a. we al he ; - J ve iM - we) ah a aa YOMUlO) ‘S2UMP, 6" JO SYIOY sayy IY) Ui SU124 PUMAY YOY : SIUDE YS JO PSOY MOD PAIL AY 2 JO NLOZUPUO LY ULIZIDY SOUIV WY) CUISLIADL, UPAPT IIIMAGTLOG $9 AYA .. = SOULY (LOJUOULOAY WOGM IG) APLOIU SULLO{ “SOI UO CUNSIL YIOY I2JI UDALL) OD FIV IST BION ODAVIOC FO2IOOIOALD BUI LO LILOWIDSUOLT Fig 1. 2 Transactions of the Geological Society, Vol.4PLATE 24. \ NG A a aR \ i - - MG SNE IIIS TOILET I I ARE OE AY | OEY EOD PESO OGG B11 BO SOO RII PIO CHO BPI eS oo POLE LOD OSE SCO OS HO ca eS eS aK OO™ LAO POEL SBR J) $ pee POD 6, _ ia 2 y | linac se acs = Sag ] ts —_ Soke xx Eee a7 ~ S — ya~ ~~ ® x Is - °S . ‘ oe ee = — = | = — A ~ | a ~~ > | 2 © ||) - res =~ on - = = = 7 Lents ty 6 ca d + Rand. ‘e | 5 7 1 4 cally 2-}, Par? d Vf f LC 5 ROLKLES } ar) ae i . hn lr i wy Ment ry tas apy 1, , He Be: tie here slale of Tintagel, tornwall s of the Geological Society Vol.4. PLATE 23. 4 ae or. OS tee 3 +e! = — = = | ae — ag ——— Sear a ioe ee Aa i Prt fA 7 Y fet EP [a RO igs. C: ee mee ES tf Z Se ean irr KX = S rs Uy 2 e ONES . N: | cacur ty AL Move (LL ae VO Cnga Vee og 7a e onrenty < Z SL IPE ty 2 Maps, Findon ~ SSO, ‘ons of the Geological Society Vol PLATE 26. MLAS. XS BN in} aN ~ tS a ~ N ~~ Wy ™~ “SS S& mS S Ss N S oS NS Wourne Wout 8 & x F 9 2 : S Q NS s S S Ss tee. Yi he 20uUth Le Gun Wharf, Llyp ULlochs pr . Vc tthe Killas hoths, at the Vier é , | “ae o , é } s ‘ - Pele a » A} f F FS fe i Zs . ‘ if hd . HK CALIF ACAD OF SCIENCES LIBRARY WALT 7492 aa > e, Oe ee A, cmc Ig , es