GENEALOGY
942.4501
SH84T
1880

REYNOLDS HISTOWG*L
GENEALOGY COLLECTION

GENEALOGY
942,4501
SH84T
1880

Digitized by the Internet Archive
in 2014

https://archive.org/details/transactionsofsh03shro

TRANSACTIONS

OP THE

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NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY.

SHROPSHIRE NATURAL HISTORY

SHROPSHIRE

AND ANTIQUARIAN SOCIETY,

A KC'Ii/COLOG IC A L SOCIETY,

ESTABLISHED 1S35.

ESTABLISHED 1877.

VOL. III. 1 8 8 0.

/

PRINTED FOR T n E SOCIET Y .

S 1) li E W S B U K Y :
A D N 1 T T ANI) JNT A IT N T 0 N , T II E S Q U A R E
0 B W K S T EY :
W 0 0 D A L L A N D V E N A B I, E S .

Churchyards Arm s.

(Grpitd {urn f»u» ' Cf>n ;<}<•." 1580 )

WOOD ALL AND VENABLES,
PRINTERS, ETC.,
OSWALD ROAD, AND BAILEY HEAD
OSWESTRY.

1 4-2258

SHROPSHIRE ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND
NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY.

CONTENTS of VOL- III.

Thomas Churchyard. By Henry W. Adnitt, Hon. Sec. ... 1

Bibliographical List of the Writings of Thomas Churchyard.

By Henry W. Adnitt, Hon. Sec. 51

The Records of the Corporation of Oswestry. By Stanley

Leighton, M.A. ... ... ... ... ... ... 69

Berrington Church and Registers. By the Rev. W. A.

Leighton, B.A., Camb., F.L.S,, &c 149

Oswestry Ecclesiastical History : The Old Church. By

Askew Roberts ... ... ... ... ... ... 175

Oswestry Ecclesiastical History : The New Church. By

Askew Roberts 213

The Poll for the Borough of Shrewsbury, June 29-30, 1747.

By W. Hughes, Shrewsbury 221

Early Chronicles of Shrewsbury, 1372-1 GOG. Transcribed

and Annotated by Rev. W. A, Leighton, B.A., Camb.,

F.L.S. , etc 239

Lord Herbert of Chirbury's MSS. By H. F, J. Vaughan, Esq. 353
Salopian Patriotism in 1588 ... ... ••• ••• 378

Further Geological Discoveries in Shropshire. By Charles

Callaway, M.A., D.Sc, (Loud.), F.G.S. 879

Architectural Notes Relating to Shropshire. By the late

Rev. John Parker, of Sweeney Hall ... ••• 387

The Hymcnomycetes of Shropshire. By W. PniLLirs, F.L.S, 393

iv

ILLUSTRATIONS.

1. Churchyard's Arms ... ... ... ... ... 59

2. Arms of Queen Elizabeth 78

3. Arms of Philip, Earl of Arundel .„ 80

4. Initial Letter to James Ist's Charter 106, 107

5. Berrington Church — East Window ... ... ... 119

6. „ „ Oak Effigy ... ' 151

7. ,, ,, ... ... ... ... 152

8. Oswestry Church from the South-East, from a Photo-

graph by Maclardy, taken since the Restoration ... 175

9. Oswestry Church From the South-Wcst 186

10. ,, „ ,, Interior 193

11. „ „ „ North-West: 197

12. Shropshire Fungi — Plate I. ... ... ... End of Vol.

13. „ „ Plate II,

V

SHROPSHIRE ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND
NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY.

ANNUAL MEETING.

The Animal Meeting of the Members of this Society was held at the
Museum on Tuesday, December 9th, 1879, the Rev. Canon Butler
presiding. There were also present the following members : — The
Revs. T. Auden, C. H. Drinkwater, and W. A. Leighton ; and
Messrs. J. Calcott, W, E. Beckwith, C. Cortissos, D. Davies, G. A.
Drayton, J. R. Humphreys, J. Laing, T. Onions, H. J. Oldroyd,
W. Phillips, J. Sharpe, and J. P. Smith.

The Honorary Secretary (Mr. Adnitt) presented the Annual Report
and Statement of Accounts. From the latter it appeared that the
income of the Society, including a balance of £13 13s. 4d., amounted
to £331 12s. Id. Of this sum £119 13s. had been expended in
printing the Journals of the Society's Proceedings, and there re-
mained a balance in hand of £G9, or, including subscriptions not yet
received, of £81. The following is the Report : —

The Council of the Shropshire Archaeological and Natural History Society
have much pleasure in presenting this Report and Statement of Accounts
(for the year ending June 24th) to the members of the Society. It will be
seen that the financial condition of the Society is in a satisfactory state, for
not only have the expenses of printing and publishing the year's Trans-
actions > as well as the cost of maintaining the Museum of the Society, been
defrayed, but sundry sums have been spent in improving the Museum, and
there is still a balance in hand on the year's accounts of £25 6s. 9d.,
which, added to the balance on the last years account of £43 13s. 4d., makes
a total balance in the hands of the bankers of £69 Os. Id. The Council
regret to see that there arc, in addition, 19 members in arrear, although
more than one application has been made. They venture to hope that in
the ensuing year this may not occur. The Council would earnestly urge the
members of the Society to use their best endeavours in obtaining new
members, as by that means the financial condition of the Society will be
much improved, and funds found to defray the expenses of improvements
urgently needed.

The Council have pleasure in referring to the Transactions of the
Society for the past year, which have been published and circulated amongst
the members of the Society, and they gladly accord their best thanks to the
writers of the various papers for the trouble taken in preparing the same,
and, whilst thanking all, they would especially refer to the kindness of
Stanley Leighton, Es«p, M.P., in that, at his own expense, he has had the

vi

Records of the Corporation of Oswestry (a further portion of which will
appear in the next part) transcribed and arranged for publication. The
Council feel that no work they can undertake is more important, than
publishing the Records of the several Corporate Towns in the county, which
they fear in many cases are very little cared for by the elective bodies, in
whose charge they are supposed to be placed.

The Council have also much pleasure in announcing that the Trustees of
Shrewsbury School have kindly given permission to the Society to publish in
the Transactions "Taylor's MS. History of Shrewsbury," which has been
of great use to the historians of that town, but of which extracts have only
been previously printed. Whilst mentioning this, the Council would ask
help from all, especially in the compulation of " Village Histories," which
they would gladly welcome.

The Council have, in accordance with the wish of the members expressed
at the last general meeting, had one case of birds thoroughly re-arranged, and
several rare and valuable birds added, the expense of which was £15 9s.
Of this sum they have paid the amount voted at that meeting, viz., £10;
and they would recommend that a yearly grant be made, in order that this
interesting section may be properly arranged and comprise as complete a
collection of the birds of Shropshire as possible.

By the kind and assiduous attention of the Rev. Canon Butler, the Rev.
W. A. Leighton, and W. Phillips, Esq., the botanical, section of the Museum
has been greatly improved and brought into a very sntisfactory condition,
and the thanks of the Society are due to those gentlemen. A report on this
section will be issued in the next volume of the Transactions.

The Council regret that, owing to lack of room at the Museum, valuable
large donations have been reluctantly declined for the present, and at the
same time they can but express their opinion that the Museum ought to be
in a more prominent position in the town. They simply make this sug-
gestion, and trust before long means may be found to accomplish so desirable
an end. The number of visitors to the Museum from July 1st, 1S7S, t©
June 30th, 1879, was 1.030 (431 by payment, and 596 by members'
orders). Several Societies have during the year paid Shrewsbury a visit, and
on each occasion the Museum has been thrown open to them free.

The Council have only to add that their thanks and those of the members
are due to the Editorial Committee, especially to the Rev. W. A. Leighton,
and also to the hon. sec, Mr. Adnitt, for his willing exertions in the welfare
of the Society.

The contributions received during the year have been duly acknowledged
in the Society's Transactions, for which the thanks of the Council are
given ; and they again solicit donations of objects of interest relating to the
county, especially books, prints, drawings, coins, and specimens illustrating
the archeology, botany, zoology, and geology of the county.

The Chairman proposed the adoption of the report and statement
of accounts, and said he hoped now that their financial condition was
improved, that something more would be clone than had already been
accomplished towards the improvement of the collections of interest-
ing objects in the possession of the Society.

Mr. Humphreys seconded the motion, and it was carried.

Mr, Oldroyd proposed, and Mr. Drayton seconded, that the Council
of the Society be re-elected for the ensuing year, with the addition
thereto of the names of the Revs. C. H. Drinkwater and T. Auden,
This was carried, as was also another resolution, proposed by Mr.
Phillips, and seconded by Mr. Leighton, that the first-named gentle-
man be appointed honorary curator of the department of Numismatics,

The Rev. C. 11. Drinkwater expressed his thanks to those who had
appointed him to the office ; and then proposed "That the Treasurer,

vii

Editorial Committee, Auditors, and Honorary Secretary be re-elected,
and that Mr. Davies be appointed second auditor in the room of Mr,
Drake, who had removed from the locality." Mr, Drinkwater said he
had. every reason to be satisfied with the work done by the Committee
during the past year.

Mr. Humphreys seconded the motion, and it was carried.

The thanks of the meeting were then accorded to the Treasurer,
the Editorial Committee, and the Secretary for their services during
the past year. In proposing the motion, Mi*. Phillips said he was
sure all present would cordially support it, because they could find
abundant reason for the vote, whether they looked at the skill with
which the Transact ions of the Society were managed, the ability
with which the materials were selected for publication, or the careful
manner in which they were issued to the members.

Mr. Humphreys seconded the motion, and it was carried.

Mr. Admits in acknowledging the vote, referred to the value of a
little work published by Mr. Cox on the way to write the history of a
parish, and said he thought the book should be perused by every one
who felt an interest in the compilation of a county history, which
could only be done by the aid of village histories. He also referred
to the desirability of providing a more central and improved site for
the Museum, so as to make it worthy of the county of Salop. It
would be desirable to provide class-rooms, and also to supply the
great want of a Free Reference Library for the town. He thought if
such a movement was started that the county gentry would not be
backward in assisting to provide the funds.

The Chairman endorsed the suggestion, and said he did not see why
the present School buildings could not be utilized for such a purpose.
(Hear, hear.) Such a position would be central, and there would also
be plenty of space for the various purposes referred to by Mr. Adnitt.
But if the Society was unable to undertake such a large scheme as
that, he thought the time had come wheu a really effective building,
capable of holding a little more than could be got into that place,
should be provided. It was not intended to make the Museum a sort
of British Museum on a small scale, but he thought the Society ought
to aim at securing as perfect a Museum as possible of the county
(Hear, hear.) The matter ought to be undertaken, and he thought
with Mr. Adnitt that help would be forthcoming from the county
gentry.

In reply to Mr. Phillips, the Chairman added that the present
School buildings must come into the market. There was only one
objection that he could see, and that was on the score of expense.

Mr. Adnitt said another plan would be to secure a property, the
frontage of which might be rebuilt as shops, and an arcade made to
the Museum by the side of them.

Mr. Leighton also pointed out that the money required might be
raised in redeemable shares of .£10 each.

The conversation then ended.

viii

Mr. Phillips referred to the neglected state the Roman ruins at
Wroxeier, rented by the Society, had been allowed to get into; and
a sub-committee of the Council was, on the motion of the Rev. T.
Auden, directed to look after the proper security of the spot.

The next subject was the place of visit in the ensuing summer,
and it was resolved to recommend to the Council that Ludlow and
Stokesay should be the places chosen.

Mr. Phillips alluded to the desirability of securing some of the
rare and valuable count}*- works known to be in existence, such as
Eyton's Antiquities of Shropshire, Owen and Blakeway's History
of /Shrewsbury, and Phillips' History of Shrewsbury, and after some
conversation it was agreed to purchase the first-named work, a
copy of which, in excellent preservation* was stated to be in the
possession of Messrs. Aduitt and N aunt on.

A vote of thanks to the Chairman for presiding concluded the
proceedings.

ANNUAL EXCURSION.

The third annual excursion of this Society took place on Monday,
the route being from Shrewsbury to Berrington, Pitchford, Acton
Burnell, and Condover, The first halt, at Berrington, was for the
purpose of inspecting the Church, which has recently gone through
the process known as " Pvestoration." The chief features here were
an effigy, in wood, and some tombstones in the floor in memory of
the Pontesburvs and Owens, once great names in the parish. At the
next halt, Pitchford. there was much of interest to arrest the atten-
tion of the excursionists. First, the hall, a fine specimen of the
half-timbered mansion, erected probably in the 16th century. It is
supposed to have been built by William Ottley, Sheriff of Salop in
1499 and 1513, The rooms were thrown open for the visitors, and
all admired a paint ing in the drawing-room, of Sir Francis Ottley
(Governor of Shrewsbury under Charles I.), with his wife and two
children. None the less were the visitors interested in another, and
quite a different " attraction," viz,, the famous well, on the surface
of which floats pitch, and which is popularly supposed to have sup-
plied the bottles one Mr. Betton in time gone by sold (and made a
fortune with) as " British Oil." The celebrated Lime Tree, which
more than rivals the chestnuts at Seaux — in which the more in-
quisitive of Englishmen, when they visit Paris, climb for breakfast —
obtained only a very cursory notice, even if it was noticed at all ;
although a "Tree with a House in it" is not to be seen every
day ; but the Church, of course — as befitted a learned Society —
attracted everyone ; and the very remarkable figure of a crusader
carved in wood, and supposed to bo some 600 years old, was

IX

a specimen of British oak not often to be met with. An engraving
of this monument is to be found in Mr. Ey ton's book, and Mr.
Anderson, in commenting on it, remarks that 44 tradition says the
figure represents Sir Hugh de Pitchfovd, yet heraldry points rather
to Sir John de Pitchford, who died in 1285." From Pitchford a
drive of three miles took the party to Acton Burnell, where the
Castle, gardens, and Church filled up the time of some ; others
mounted the rising ground for the sake of enjoying an unsurpassed
Salopian prospect, whilst, others, more eager, marched to Langley to
inspect the ruined Chapel. The ruins of Acton Burnell Castle (and
the historical interest attaching to a place so famous as to have been
the scene of a Parliament, and to have passed a Statute called after
the locality), were enough to detain one portion of the party a con-
siderable time, and the font and monuments in the Church proved
equally attractive to others. The last place visited was Condover
Hall and Church ; the former (Elizabethan) with its old-fashioned
gardens looking very pleasant in the sunshine ; and the latter being,
perhaps, of ecclesiastical architecture, the most interesting exhibition
of the day. Here the unusual feature of one transept Norman and
the other Perpendicular, was duly noted, also the fine monuments,
notably that by Roubiliac. From this interesting spot a rapid drive
was rnado to Shrewsbury, where dinner for the party was provided
at the Lion. Hearty thanks are due to Mr. Adnitt for his
trouble in making arrangements so successfully for the day's pleasure,
The attendance was numerous, and included the Rev. W. A.
Leighton, F.L.S. (who led the party) ; the Rev. T. and
Mrs. Auden, Ford; Rev. C. H. Drink water, Shrewsbury; Dr. and
Mrs. Saxton, Rev. Holland Sandford, Major and Mrs. Barnes,
Brookside ; Mr. and Mrs. Morris C. Jones, F.S.A., Gungrog ; Mr.
Paterson Jones and Miss Jones; Rev. 0, M. Feilden, Frankton;
Mr. Henry Davies, Mr. Askew Roberts, Mr. J. Sides Davies, and
Mr, Spauil, of Oswestry; Rev. C. Brooke, Haughton Hall; Rev.
Loftus and Mrs. Owen, Rev, A. T. Pelbam, Mr. Southam, Shrews-
bury ; Mr. and Mrs. Richard Taylor, Mr. J. H, Spencc, Mr. and Mrs.
Jebb, Mr. Adnitt, hon. sec, Mr. D. Davies, Mr, and Mrs. S. Edwards,
Lewisham ; Mr. Caswell, Mr, P. Evans, Mr. Robinson, Frankton
Grange ; Mr. Rider, Wellington ; Mr. T. M, Owen, Mr. Whitaker,
Mr. W. Hughes, Mr. Randall, Mr. J. P. White, &c, &c.

X

LIST OF MEMBERS, AUGUST, 1879.

Acton, Mrs. Stackhouse, Acton Scott, Salop
Adnitt, Mr. W. H., Shrewsbury
Allen, Rev. S. W., Shrewsbury
Audcn, Rev. T., Shrewsbury

Berwick, Right Hon. Lord, Attingham

Bradford, Right Hon. Earl of, Lord Lieutenant of Shropshire
Brownlow, Right Hon. Earl, Belton, Grantham
Babington, C. C, Esq., F.S,A., F.R.S., -5, Brookside, Cambridge
Barber, John, Esq., Prospect House, Wellington, Salop
Barnes, Thos., Esq., The Quinta, Chirk
Barnes, Major J. R., Brookside, Chirk
Barton, Rev. J., Hadley Vicarage, Wellington, Salop
Beacall, W., Esq., Shrewsbury
Beck, Peter, Esq., The Castle, Shrewsbury
Beckwith, W. E., Esq,, Eaton Constantino
Benson, R. A., Esq., Lutwyche Hall, Much Wenlock
Benthall, F., Esq., F.S.A., Hexton, AmpthiU, Bedfordshire
Bcresford, Robert De la Poer, Esq., M.D., Oswestry
Bibby, J. J., Esq., Hardwick Grange, Shrewsbury
Bedford, The Right Rev. Bishop of, Stainforth House, Upper Clapton,
London,

Blockley, Mr. John, Coleham, Shrewsbury

Bodenham, J., Esq., Edgmond, Newport, Salop

Borough, J. C. Burton, Esq., Chetwynd Park, Newport, Salop

Boulton, Rev. W., Wem

Boucher, J. B., Esq., Bryn Dcrwen, Oak Hill, Surbiton, Surrey
Bough ton, Sir C. H. Rouse, Bart., Downton Hall, Ludlow
Boughton, Miss Rouse, Larden Hall, Wenlock
Bratton, James, Esq., Shrewsbury

Bridgcman, The lion, and Rev. Canon, The Hall, Wigan

Bridgeman, The Hon. and Rev. J,, Weston-under-Lyziard, Shifnal

Brinton, John, Esq., Moor Hall, Stourport

Brooke, Rev. J., Haugh ton Hall, Shifnal

Bucknill, Rev. George, High ErcaH Vicarage, Wellington

Bunny, Mr. Edwin, Shrewsbury

Burd, E., Esq., M.D., Newport House, Shrewsbury

Burd, Rev. J., M.A., Chirbury Vicarage, Salop

Burr, G., Esq., Oaklands, Shrewsbury

J3utler, Rev. Canon, Shrewsbury

si

Cleveland, His Grace the Duke of, Baby Castle, Durham

Calcott, John, Esq., Oakley Street, Shrewsbury

Calvert, E., Esq., LL.D., Shrewsbury

Campbell, C. M., Esq., Shrewsbury

Caswell, Mr, S., Shrewsbury

Childe, Rev, Ec G., Kinlet Vicarage, Bewdley

Cholmondeley, Rev. R. H., Hodnet Rectory, Salop

Clayton, Rev. E. ff, The Rectory, Ludlow

Clive, Yen. Archdeacon, Blymhill Rectory, Shifnal

Clowes, Rev. Albert, Ciee S. Margaret, Bromfield, Salop

Cooper, C. J., Esq., Bridgnorth

Corbet, Sir V. R., Bart., Acton Reynald, Shrewsbury
Corser, Rev. George J., Burrington Rectory, Ludlow
Corser, G. Sandford, Esq., Shrewsbury
Cortissos, C, Esq., Shrewsbury

Cosens, F. W., Esq., F.S.A., 27, Queen's Gate, London, S.W.

Cotes, C. C. Esq., M.P., Woodcote, Newport, Salop

Cox, H. Pouting, Esq., Wem, Salop

Cranage, J. E., Esq., Ph.D., Wellington, Salop

Childe-Pemberton, C. 0., Esq., Millichope Park, Church Stretton

Corbett, John, Esq., M.P., Impney, Droit wich

Darby, Mrs., Little Ness, Shrewsbury

Davis, Rev, J. W., Loppington Vicarage, Wem

Davies, Rev. Prebendary, Moor Court, Kington

Davies, Mr. David, St. Julian's Friars, Shrewsbury

Davies, Mr. R, E., Kingsland, Shrewsbury

Davies, J. Sides, Esq., The Poplars, Oswestry

Day, W. S., Esq., Lyndhurst House, Hendon

De Bunsen, Rev. H. G,, Donington Rectory, Albright on, Salop

Deakin, Mr. A. B., Shrewsbury

Downing, William, Esq., Fern Cottage, Acock's Green, Birmingham
Drake, F., Esq., F.G.S., F.S.A., South Stockton-on-Tees
Drayton, Mr. G. A., Shrewsbury

Drinkwater, Rev. C. H,, St. George's, Vicarage, Shrewsbury
Dukes, Rev. E. R., Windsor House, Shrewsbury

Edgell, R. A., Esq., Clarcmont, Shrewsbury

Edwards, Samuel, Esq., 4, Eliot Park, Lewisham

Edwardes, Sir If., Bart., Wooton Hall, Ashbourne

Edye, Thomas, Esq., 57, Grove Road, St. John's Wood, London

Egorton, Rev. Canon., Middle Rectory, Shrewsbury

Evans, W., Esq., Abbey Forcgate, Shrewsbury

Evans, Rev. W. Howell, The Vicarage, Oswestry

Evans, Rev. J. Whixhall Vicarage, Whitchurch

Evans, Mr. P., Wyle Cop, Shrewsbury

Everett, A. E. Est]., City Chambers, New Street, Birmingham
EveraU, Mr. R., The Priory, Shrewsbury

Xll

Eyton, T. C, Esq., -F.Z.S., Eyton, Wellington, Salop
Eyton, T. Slaney, Esq., Walford Manor, Basehurch
Eyton, Rev. Robert W., Winchfield House, Hants,

Feildcn, Rev. 0. M., Frankton Rectory, Oswestry

Gasquoine, Rev. T., B,A,, Llandudno
George, Mr. E., Column Villas, Shrewsbury
Gleadowe, Rev. T. L., The Rectory, Frodesley, Salop
Goodwin, Wm. Henry, Esq., Bank Buildings, Hastings
Griffin, Harcourt, Esq., Pell Wall, Market Drayton
Grazebrook, Geo., Esq., F,S.A., Oak Hill Park, near Liverpool

Harlech, Right Hon. Lord, Brogyntyn, Oswestry

Hill, Right Hon. Viscount, Hawkestone, Salop

Harding, W. E., Esq., Shrewsbury

Harrison, Rev. W., Pontesbnry

Hawkes, Rev. S, J., Pontesbury

Haycock, E., Esq., Castle House, Shrewsbury

Haywood Lonsdale, A, P., Esq., Gredington, Whitchurch,

Hazledine, J. R,, Esq., Shrewsbury

Herbert, Hon, R. C., Orleton, Wellington, Salop

Hodges, E., Esq., Edgmond, Newport, Salop

Hope-Edwardes, Mrs., Netley Hall, Shrewsbury

How, T. M., Esq., Shrewsbury

Hudson, C. Donaldson, Esq,, Cheswardine, M.P., Market Drayton
Humphreys, J. R., Esq., Shrewsbury
Humphreys, John, Esq., St. John's Hill, Shrewsbury
Hughes, Mr. W., Abbey Foregate, Shrewsbury

Ikin, Alfred, Esq., Ccfngwifed, Newtown, Montgomeryshire

!

Jackson, H, B., Esq., Basford House, Whalley Range, Manchester
James, Rev. T., M.A., LL.D., F.S.A., Netherthong Vicarage, Hud-

dersfield ( deceased ),
Jehu, Richard, Esq., 21, Cloudesley Street, London
Jebb, Arthur Trevor, Esq., The Lyth, Ellesmere, Salop
Jebb, G. R., Esq., The Laurels, Shrewsbury
Jellicorse, Rev. W., Clunbury Vicarage, Salop
Jeudwine, Rev, W., Chichcley Vicarage, Newport Pagnell
Johnson, H., Esq., M.D., Ludlow
Johnson, Mr. G., Shrewsbury

Jones, Morris C, Esq., F.S.A., Hon. Sec. Powys-Land Club, Cungrog,
Welshpool

Jones, John, Esq., Bellan House, Oswestry
Jones, E. Maurice, Esq., Brookside, Welshpool

Xlll

Jones, Morris P., Esq., 27, Edge Lane, Liverpool

Jones, Rev. John, B.A.. Cantab, Raglan Place, Wednesbury

Jones, W. Weaver, Esq., Cleobury Mortimer, Salop

Jones, H., Esq., 1, Church Court, Clement's Lane, London

Jones, J. Parry, Esq., West Holm, Oswestry

Juson, Mrs., Shrewsbury

Kenyon-Slaney, Col., Hatton Grange, Shifnal

Kcnyon, J. R., Esq., Q.C., Pradoe, West Fclton, (deceased)

Kymaston, Rev. W. C. E., Hardwicke, Ellesmere

Laing, Mr. J,, Shrewsbury

Leighton, Sir Baldwyn, Bart., M.P., Loton Park, Shrewsbury
Leighton, Stanley, Esq., M.P., Sweeney Hall, Oswestry
Leighton, Rev. W. A., F.L.S., F.B.S. Edin., Luciefelde, Shrewsbury
Leslie, Heniy, Esq.,Bryn Tanat, Llansaintffraid, R.S.O., Montgomery-
shire

Lewis, Lewis, Esd[., Newtown Hall, Montgomeryshire

Lewis, Mr. Henry, Oswald Road, Oswestry

Lichfield, Very Rev. .Dean of, The Deanery, Lichfield

Lloyd, Rev. Canon, Whitehall, Shrewsbury

Lloyd, J. Y. Wm., Esq., M.A., Clochfaen, Llanidloes

Lloyd, Edwin, Esq,, Leominster

Lowndes, W, Layton, Esq., Linley, Bridgnorth

Loxdale, James, Esq., Castle Hill, Aberystwith

Loxdale, John Esq., Kingsland, fchrewsbury

Lowe, Mr. T. U., Shrewsbury

Mackey, Rev. C. W., Alvcley Vicarage, Bridgnorth
McMichacl, J. W., Esq., 32, High Street, Bridgnorth
Mainwariog, S. Kynaston, Esq., Oteley, Ellesmere
Minshall, Charles, Esq., Becchficld, Oswestry
Minshall, Thos., Castle View, Oswestry
Mitchell, Rev. J., Albcrbuiy Vicarage, Salop
Moore, Rev. J. W., Hordley Rectory, Ellesmere
Morris, Mr. W. B., Shrewsbury
Morris, G., Esq., Oak Street, Shrewsbury
Moss, Rev. H. W., The Schools, Shrewsbury
Myers, Rev. E., F.G.S., Claremont Hill, Shrewsbury

Naunton, Mr. W. W., St. John's Hill, Shrewsbury
Nightingale, C. G., Esq., Shrewsbury

Norton, Rev. F. C, 3, Rutland Road, Hammersmith, London

Oldroyd, H. J., Esq., Shrewsbury

Onions, T., Esq., Claremont Street, Shrewsbury

Owen, A. C. Humphreys, Esq., Garthmyl, Montgomeryshire

Owen, Rev. R, Trevor, Llangedwyn, Oswestry

xiv

Owen, Rev. Loftus, St. Giles', Shrewsbury
Owen, T. Morgan, Esq., Bronwylfa, Rhyl

Powis, Right Hon. Earl of, Powis Castle, Welshpool

Parcloe, G„ Esq., The Priory, Cheltenham

Parry, E. J., Esq,, Swan Hill, Shrewsbury

Payne, W. B., Esq., High Street, Shrewsbury

Peele, E. C, Esq., Prestfelde, Shrewsbury

Pelham, Rev. A. T., Cound Rectory, Shrewsbury

Penson, R. K., Esq., F.S.A., "Dinham House, Ludlow

Penfold, Hugh, Esq., Rustington, Littlehampton

Philliraore, Win. P., Esq., Snenton, Nottingham

Phillips, W., Esq., F.L,S., Kingsland, Shrewsbury

Pigott, Rev. E. V., Leaton, Shrewsbury

Plowden, W. F„ Esq., Plowden Hall, Lydbury North

Potts, E. B., Esq., Broseley, Salop

Price, John, Esq., Shrewsbury

Price, B., Esq., Garthfawr Farm, near Llanidloes

Price, Lewis R., Esq., 117, St.. George's Square, London, S.Y7,

Pry ce, Mrs., Gunley, Chirbury

Pritchard, John, Esq., Broseley

Qnaritch, B., Esq., 15, Piccadilly, London

Ragg, Rev. Thomas, Lawley Vicarage, Salop

Ralph, Rowland W"., Esq., Honnington Grange, Newport

Randall, Mr. J., F.G.S.," Madeley "

Rider, J. E, W., Esq., Crescent House, Wellington

.Roberts, Askew, Esq., Croeswy'an, Oswestry

Hoberts, T, Lloyd, Esq., Corfton Manor, Craven Arms

Robinson, C. B.,Esq., Frankton Grange, Shrewsbury

Robertson, Henry, Esq., M.P., Pale, Corwen

Robinson, Mr. J,, St. Alkmond's Square, Shrewsbury

Rocko, John, Esq., Clungunford House, Aston-on-Clun

Rocke, Rev. T. Owon, Clungunford Rectory, Salop

Sutherland, His Grace the Duke of, Lilleshall, Salop
Salt, G. M., Esq., Shrewsbury
Salt, Win., Esq., Shrewsbury

Salusbury, Rev. G. A., LL.B,, Westbury Rectory, Shrewsbury

Salwey, Alfred, Esq., Overton, Ludlow

Salwey, Alfred, Esq., Tomesido, Ludlow

Sandford, Rov. G., Sheirield

Sandford, Humphrey, Esq., The Tslo, Shrewsbury

Sandford, Thomas Hugh, Esq., Sandford, near Prccs

Sandford, Rev, Holland, Eaton-under-Heywood, Salop

Sandford, Folliott, Esq,, Shrewsbury

Saxton, Rov. E. Waring, D.D., The Elms, Shrewsbury

Solwyn, Rev. W., Bromficld Vicarage, Salop

Sharpe, Mr, J., Eddoms's Journ al, Shrewsbury
Shaw, H., Esq,, Shrewsbury
Sba<w, John, Esq., Shrewsbury
Smith, Hubert, Esq., Belmont House, Bridgnorth
Smith, J. Onston, Esq., Dogpole Court, Shrewsbury
Smith, J. Parson, Esq,, Shrewsbury-
Smith, F. Rawdon, Esq., Sweyney Cliff, Coalport
Smith, S. Pountney, Esq., Shrewsbury
Sotheran, H,, Esq,, 136, Strand, London
Southam, S. C, Esq., Shrewsbury
Southam, T., Esq., The Hollies, Shrewsbury
Southwell, T. Martin, Esq., The Woodlands, Bridgnorth
Southwell, C. J., Esq,, 1, Stoke Newington Green, London, W.C.
Southern, F. P., Esq., Ludlow, Salop
Sparrow, Rev. W., LL.D., Ludlow
Sparrow, Arthur, Esq., Preen Manor, Shrewsbury
Spaull, W. PL, Esq., Oswestry
Spence, Jas. G-., Esq., Heath Lodge, Shrewsbury
Spenee, Mr. Jas. Harper, 23, Whitehall Place, Shrewsbury
Staniforth, Jlev. T., Storrs, Windermere
Stanton, George, Esq., Coton Hill, Shrewsbury
Stewart, Robert, Esq , Ryton Grove, Shrewsbury
Swainson, Rev. J. G., Wistanstow Rectory, Craven Arms, Salop
Smith, Charles, Esq., Wolverhampton

Taylor, E. James, Esq,, F.S.A. Newc, Bishopsweannoutb , Sunderland

Taylor, R., Esq,, Abbey House, Shrewsbury

Taylor, Robert, Esq., B.C.S,, Clifton

Thomas, Rev, D, R., Meifod Vicarage, Welshpool

Thomas, John, Esq., Ardmillan, Oswestry

Thursfield, T. H., Esq., Barrow, Broseley

Tippinge, F. G., Esq., Sansaw Hall, Shrewsbury

Treasure, H. Hnrle, Esq., Coton House, Shrewsbury

Trouncer, T., Esq., Astley, Shrewsbury

Vaughan, H. F. J., Esq., 80, E Iwardes Square, Kensington, Loadon
Venables, R, G,, Esq., Oakhurst, Oswestry

Wakeman, Sir Offley, Bart., Coton Hall, Bridgnorth
Walker, C. C,, Esq., Lilleshall, Salop
Warner, Rev. Charles, Clun Vicarage
AVatton, J., Esq., Murivance, Shrewsbury
Webb, T., Esq., Tal worth House, Cardiff
Wenlock Reading Society, Wonlock
White, J. P., Esq., Shrewsbury

Whitakor, W. Wilkinson, Esq., Cornbrook Houso, Manchester
Wilkes, Mr. T., Abbey Forcgate, Shrewsbury
Williams, Philip, Esq., Hinstock Hall, Market Drayton
Williams, Pryce, Esq., 6, Hampton Park, Clifton

xvi

Williams, E., Esq., Broom Hall, Oswestry

Wilding, R., Esq., Church Stretton

Wintour, Rev. G., Ironbridge, Salop

Wood, Rev. J. Cooper, The Clive Vicarage, Shrewsbury

Wood, Rev. R. F., Moreton Corbet Rectory, Shrewsbury

Wood, R. H., Esq., F.S.A., Hon. Sec. Chetham Society, Penrho

House, Rugby
Wooler, Rev. W. G., Cleobury North Rectory, Salop
Woodall, Mr. E., Osv:esiry Advert izer, Oswestry
Wright, E., Esq.. Halstou, Oswestry
Wright, Philip, Esq., Mellington Hall, Churchstoke

DONATIONS TO MUSEUM, JUNE, 1879,
TO JUNE, 1880.

Rev. J. Evans, Whixall.
Description of Paris, folio plates.

Mr. H. W. ADNITT, Hon. Sec.
Wright's History of Ludlow, half
calf.

Rev. R. W. EYTON, M.A., Winch-
field House, Hampshire.
Itinerary King Henry II. 4to
clotli.

A key to Domesday (Dorset.)

4to, cloth.
Domesday Studies (Somerset) 2

vols., 4to, cloth.

R. H.Wood, Esq., F.S.A., Rugby,
Lapidarium Wallia? 4to, cloth.

Miss Jackson, Chester.
Shropshire Word 13ook, part 2.

Geo. Morris, Esq., Solicitor,

Shrewsbury.
MS. Shrewsbury Abbey and

Bromfield Priory, half bound

with Illuminations.
MS. Merioneth Inquisitions.
MS. History of Printing.
Scrap book with news cuttings.

L. Jewitt, Esq.
Reliquary 1879 in exchange.

Rev. A. T.Pelham, Cound Rectory,
Collection of Botanical Specimens
from all parts of the world.

J. C. Walker, Esq., London.

Large Collection of Plants, Ferns,
Coral, &c, &c., from New
Zealand and other places.

Collection of Miscellaneous Cari-
osities from Fiji Islands, China,

Two specimens of the Kievi Kievi
(Aptcryx Australis.)

Wm. Mucklestone, Esq., Meole
Brace.

The Records of the Mercers
Company of Shrewsbury (con-
tained in two boxes).

Powys Land Club.

Volume of Society 1879, in ex-
change.

W. E. Beckwith, Esq., Eaton
Constantine.
Quantity of Plants.

Rev. W. A. Leighton, Shrews-
bury.

Notes and Queries, 2 vols. 4to.
Journal of Linnean Society

Zoology.
Various Papers from the Linnean

Transactions.
( Zoology and Botany.)
Various Pamphlets.
Miscellanea Cencologica, vol. III.
Midland Naturalist, vols. I. and II.

G. S. COKSER, Esq., Shrewsbury.
Bust of the late Dr. Parr.

Willtam Phillips, Esq., Shrews-
bury,

Three Fasciculi of Phillips's
El cell acci Brita tin ici.

JOHN CALCOTT, Esq., Shrewsbury.
300 Dried Specimens of British
Flowering Plants.

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xix

PHANOGAMOUS BOTANY.

It may be interesting to some of our readers to know that the Botanical
Collections of the Museum have received considerable additions and
improvements.

1 here are three Collections of Flowering Plants and Ferns.

The first contains the plants of Shropshire and North Wales, which in
January, 1S78, were represented by about 500 species. These were wholly
without arrangement and intermixed with the Foreign Flora. They have
now been separated and arranged in the natural order, and the number of
species has been more than doubled, and amounts at present to about 1,150.

The second collection contains the Flora of Great Britain, but there were
no Grasses or Ferns, and the 27 goodly volumes contained only 280 plants
(the London Catalogue embraces 2,167). Three vols, have been added to
hold the Grasses and Ferns, and the collection now comprises 1,540 species,
or about 71 per cent, of the British Flora.

The third collection contains foreign plants, chiefly from France, Germany,
and Switzerland, but comprises also a good many from the Sinaitic
Peninsula and from Arabia, with a few from Egypt* Teneriil'e, the Pyrenees,
&c. This collection also has been considerably increased.

Each of the three Floras is comprised in 'SO vols., in such manner that the
vol. numbered in any one contains the same class of plants with that
.similarly numbered in either of the other. Thus, vol. 2 contains Cruciferae ;
vol. 0, Leguminosese ; vol. 11, Umbellifene, in eacii Flora, so that having
found any given plant you know at once where to look for its congeners.

The great addition to the number of species in the two first-mentioned
collections has been largely attained by the assistance of the Rev. W. A.
Leighton, through whose kindness packets have been obtained from Sir Jos.
Hooker, Professor Babington, Dr. Eraser, Eev. J. H. Thompson, Mr. Lees,
and the late Rev. A. Bloxam,

The Eev. L. Darwall has contributed a very valuable scries of willows.
Mr. Phillips also and Mr. Calcott have at various times sent important
packets, and a few other gentlemen have been good enough to lend their aid.
I have also been able to dry and add a good many species myself. Two most
valuable cargoes have also been received from the late and present Professors
of Botany at the University of Edinburgh.

A good deal still remains to be done, but it is hoped that the kind assist-
ance that has already made our collections respectable may be continued till
they arc rendered as nearly complete as the extreme rarity of some of the
plants still wanting will allow.

T. Butler.

CRYPTOGAMIC BOTANY.

The collection of plants pertaining to this division, when it was placed in my
hands for arrangement, was exceedingly meagre, but owing to the liberality
shown in response to the appeal to various botanists, a number of valuable
contributions have been received, and I am happy to say that we have. now a
collection of Cryptogams of very great value. The importance of such a
collection to students of this branch of Botany resident in the county, to
whom a visit to Kew or the British Museum would be a great inconvenience,
cannot well be over estimated. A general idea of the collection may be best
formed by taking each class of plants in its order and specifying the
additions that have been made to it. The Perns and their allies are in the
Phanerogamic department.

XX

MOSSES.

A SMALL collection of these, given by the late Mr. J. E. Bowman, gathered
chiefly in Cheshire and North Wales, was all the Herbarium possessed. The
Rev. W. A. Leighton has. presented the whole of the Mosses, to the number
of about 400 specimens, from the scarce and valuable published collection,
Mongeot and Nestler's Stirpes Cryptogamm Vcxjeso Rhenance. He lias
also presented a second collection of about 400 from Men. Roumguere's,
Bryolofjic de I' Ancle. Dr. Fraser, of Wolverhampton, sent a large number
of British specimens, and Miss Sparkes, of Bridgnorth, sent a packet collected
chiefly in Shropshire. The Rev. T. Butler has also added Specimens that were
collected in North Wales. The whole of these have been arranged according
to the system adopted in Hobkirk's Synopsis of the British Mosses, and in-
corporated with Mongeot and Nestler's in portfolios, and arc now easy for
reference. Hobkirk's book forms an index of all the British species.

HEPATICAE.

These are represented by a collection presented by the late Mr. Bovv'man, to
which have been added, by purchase, Carrington and Pearson's Hepatee
Britannicco ExsiccaUe, Fasc. I. and II.

LICHENS.

There did not exist a dozen specimens in the Herbarium to represent this
interesting and important class of plants. We now possess 400 specimens,
the gift of the Rev. W. A. Leighton, which are in the course of being
arranged in portfolios according to the system followed in Leighton's Lichen
Flora of Great Britain. We have also acquired by purchase I. — T.of Larba-
lestier's LicJien-Herbarium,

FUNGI.

Besides the excellent and valuable fasciculi I., IT., III. of Berkeley's
British Fungi, the Herbarium did not contain any specimens illustrative
of this class of plants. The Rev. M. J. Berkeley has kindly presented fasc.
IV. to complete the series, a part which it would have been impossible
to purchase. We have also received from the Rev. J. E. Vize of Forden,
Montgomeryshire, gratuitous copies of fasc. I. and II. of his Micro Fungi,
and I have added I. II. and III. of my Elvellacei Britannici. The above
works form a nucleus of a Mycological collection which I hope soon to see
very much extended.

ALGAE.

In this class the Herbarium may be considered rich, as it possesses the
following: — Wyatt's Algol Danmouicnscs, fasc. I. — IV., Algce of Von
Diemcas Land, also a collection of Marine Alga) Phyeotheea Lnsitana
collected by the late well-known Dr. Wclwitsch. These were all presented
to the Herbarium by R. Stewart, Esq., of Ryton. We have lately received
a valuable packet from the Rev. T. Butler, which, together with an un-
arranged packet found in the Museum, now that they are arranged and
named, form a handsome fasciculus.

William Phillips.

Any additions to either division of the Shropshire Flora would be
peculiarly acceptable, and if the members of the various Field Clubs would
kindly remember the Central Museum at Shrewsbury during their botanical
rambles, a large addition to the local Flora, which is really the most impor-
tant, might easily be made.

Any packets of flowering plants or ferns and their allies, addressed to Rev.
T. Butler, or of mosses and other cryptogams to Mr. W. Phillips, at the
Museum, College Hill, Shrewsbury, would be thankfully acknowledged.

A few duplicates of flowering plants and ferns might be returned if lists of.
desiderata arc sent.

THOMAS CHURCHYARD.

By HENRY W. ADXITT, Hon. Sec.

Many general readers may be surprised that the life of
so unknown a man as Thomas Churchyard should be
thought worthy of a place in the Transactions of the
Shropshire Arc] topological Society. The names of
Sidney, Benbow, Olive, or Hill, amongst others, w^ould
naturally occur to the memory of Salopians as more
worthy, being not only household names in our county,
but familiar to every Englishman who loves to chronicle
the hero and his deeds in byegone days. It is, how-
ever, because so little is known of the old Shropshire
Poet that a sketch of his life and list of his numerous
works (imperfect though they may be) have been under-
taken, in the hope that they may be of interest to the
general reader, as it is certain they will be to those who,
having known Churchyard by name, chiefly as the
writer of the Worthines of Wales, yet are unac-
quainted with his long and varied life, or his many and
voluminous writings. Were he even more unknown
than he is, it would still be of interest to find out some
particulars of an old Salopian, who spent his long life in
busy matters during the reigns of Henry Y III., Edward
VI., Mary, Elizabeth, and James I.

The family of Churchyard is one of some antiquity in
Shrewsbury. <c The first of the name (say Owen and
Blakeway1), who has occurred to our search among the
records of the town is Thomas Churcheyord, a corvisor
or shoemaker, who was dead in 1475, when his son
William; a draper, was admitted burgess $ having issue

1 History of Shrewsbury, v. 1, p. 385.

Vol. in.

n

2

THOMAS CHURCH YA R Di

Thomas, Agnes, Elizabeth, and John. This last named
Thomas is probably the same with Thomas Churchyard
alias Thomas Wardrop (so denominated, it may be con-
ceived, from his occupation) who was admitted burgess
in 1500, having issue two sons, William and Richard,
and a daughter Agnes ; and Richard Churchyard, son
of Thomas Churchyard, late deceased, was put appren-
tice in the company of mercers in 1505, and was pro-
bably the same who has just been mentioned. This is
all the information which our records, supply concerning
the family, and the name of his father he has nowhere
delivered, bat there can be little doubt that it was the
same with his own."1 In the list of Churchwardens of
the Abbey Parish, by the Rev. W. A. Leighton, printed
in Vol. 1 of the Transactions of this Society, the name of
Churchyard occurs t wice. Churchyard, in his Worth ines
of Wales, alludes to his mother's father, whose name
was Cookes.2 He appears to have lived at Ludlow,
and, with his wife, was buried in Ludlow Church.
Thomas Churchyard was born at Shrewsbury in 1520.

1 Reference is also given by the same writers, to the fact that in
the Accounts of the Bailiff of Areley, in 1558, a sum is accounted for
of 26s. Sd., the value of a red cow, being the hcriot of Thomas Church-
yard, and Sd., the relief of Thomas, son of the said T. C. This last
was in all probability the poet.

The following was taken from a Bookseller's Catalogue issued some
years ago b}7 Mr. Partridge, of Wellington, but no trace can now be
found of the name of the Purchaser. These Deeds would no doubt give
give much information as to the family of the Poet: — " Thomas
Churchyard, the Poet. — Four Original MS. Parchment Deeds
relating to property in Shreivsbiiry, containing the names of the
parents and various members of the family of this quaint old
author; all which four documents bear his Autograph Signatures,
thus, 'By me Thomas Churchyard' and 'Thomas Churchyard,'
with Seals complete, (Temp. Philip and .Mary and Elizabeth.) — A
Contemporary Official Copy of another Deed relating to the above,
mid containing much interesting matter concerning the same
family and others. — Also a Black 3icttcu ImIiIc, etc., 4to, dated 1599
(probably the old man's presentation copy to his son), containing
various signatures of the Churchyard family, male and female, with
register of marriage and birth, and other MS. notes on the margin, etc."

2 A Thomas Cookes was Bailiff of Ludlow, 1489,

THOJfJ AS C HURCHY A ED,

3

He tells us his family were of genteel parentage, that
he could boast of " gentle blood and manners, lacking
only wealth."

So borne I was, to house and land by right,
But in a bagg to court I brought the Game,
From Shrewsbury town, a seate of aimcicnt fame.1

Many facts of his life are given in two of his poems : "A
Storie translated out of Frenche," and his <k Tragicall
Discourse of the Vn happy Man's Life " (both of
which are often referred to in this paper), which are
printed in two of his rare publications : the first in
Churchyard's Gharcjc, published in 1580, and the
second in his Chippes, published first in 1575 and
again in 1578.

It is probable his father was a farmer. He alludes
to him as one. " A wife he had, a house he helde as
farmers used to doe." Certainly, however, lie was in
fairly good circumstances, he had sufficient wealth to
" rub forth life, here lent," and as a wise man, lie gave
his son a liberal education. Thomas Churchyard was
his father's favourite child. He had him " nioste in
mynde," and, rinding him fond of books, he was liberally
supplied. At school he learned to make Latin Verse
" to read and eke to write," and, being quick at learning,
became very proficient, and fond of music, to gratify
which taste his father bought him " o'ood books and in-
struments," and that great charge was of small
account " if his son gained knowledge. He was kept at
school seven years. Anthony Wood says he also studied
at Oxford, but this seems not to have been distinctly
ascertained. In his account of Churchyard, Wood
writes that after the Earl of Surrey's death, in
January, 1546, Churchyard " turned a soldier of fortune,
learned their postures and duty, but suffered much
hardship ; left that employment, travelled very far to
learn the modern tongues, or at least some smattering
of them, returned, was wholly bent to his study, and

1 Churchyard's Chippcs, 1578, fo. GO.

4

THOMAS CHURCHYARD.

then spent some time in Oxon, in the condition at least
cf an hospes among his countrymen of Wales, but,
having a rambling head, returned to his warlike employ-
ments, went into Scotland, as it seems, was there taken
prisoner, and upon a peace made, returned to the court
very poor, and bare, spoiled of all, and his body in a
sickly and decayed condition. It was then that he re-
solved to continue at home, and never go to the wars
again ; and, being then about 30 years of age, he went
to Shrewsbury for recruits, and, as it seems, for a time
to Oxon."1

Churchyard, however, finished his school life in 1537,
when he was 17 years old, and, being anxious to see
life, he besought his father that he might leave home,
and as a reason for so doing, he urged that the world
was wide, and that his father's wealth was not so great ,
but that in some year of scarcity he might not be found
worth his meat. His father having consented, gave
him his portion, and the lad took his farewell, having
(as he writes) about him, his treasure all at once.

Anthony Wood tells us that with his heels equally
restless as his head, he went to the Royal Court, laid
aside his books, and for a time, so long as his money
lasted, became a royster.2 He confesses himself that
he lived in every extravagance, and, like the prodigal
of old, wasting his substance in riotous living, he soon
came to be in want. His experience he quaintly
gives : —

He must goo that the dcuill driues,
Ye know neede bath no lawe.

At length, when in want, he began to seek for service,
and this, most fortunately, he found, though by what
means we cannot tell, with Henry Howard, Earl of
Surrey, a nobleman whom Churchyard never mentions
but with praise :

A maister of no mcane estate,

A muTOur in those daies.

1 Wood's Athen. Oxon (augmented by Bliss), 1S13, v. 1, col. 727.

2 A turbulent, lawless, blustering fellow.

TJT OM A >S CH U RCHYA R I) .

5

In the life of Churchyard, by Chalmers, published
in 1817 (a work which is often referred to, and has been
of much service in the writing of this paper), it is said
that " Churchyard had now some leisure, as well as
inchnation, under the protection of such a personage,
to apply to his book ; to cultivate his music and iris
muse. Yet, in a situation thus desirable for such a
youth, he appears not to ha ve remained ' twice two
years/' ;'

Whilst there, however, lie made the best use
of his time ; his pen was busy, and he wrote
some tilings in a volume, published by Tot tell, under
the name of Soncjes and Sonett@s, " written by the
ryght honorable Lorde Henry Ha ward, late Earle of
Surrev, and other." This volume was a favourite
| selection of poems in its day : editions having been
I printed according to Arber in 1557 (t wo editions in one
\ year), 1559, 1565, 15G7, 1574, 1585, and 1587, at
| various times since, and lately reprinted in the valuable
i collection of Arber's reprints. In the two first and
second editions, are 134 poems, to which no names
I are attached, and it is to these anonymous productions
| that Churchyard refers in after years, and claims
"many things" printed in that volume as his own com-
position.

Churchyard always held the memory of the Earl of
Surrey dear, and 40 years after, in his dedication of
A Bondell of lively discourses, called Churchyard's
Charge, to the grandson of his old master, we find him
thus writing : — " And honorving in harte the Erie of
Surrie, your Lordshipp's graundfather, and my master
(who was a noble warriour, an eloquent oratour, and a
second Petrarke), I could doe no lesse but publish e to
the worlde somewrhat that should she we I had lost no
time in his seruice."

Having continued four years in the service of the
noble Lord, he was again unsettled in life, and although
his father was glad to hear of his good success and re-
formation, yet, at the early age of 21, he leaves all

G

THOMAS CHURCHYARD.

hopes of advancement in the service of the Earl of
Surrey, and

From court to warrs he wouncle about, a soldiour's life to leade,
And leaned to the worthiest sort their stepps to march e and treade,
And followd cannon \vheele as fast to learne some knowlege then
As he afore at maisters heeles did waite with seruyng men.

This was not to his advantage in one way, for he adds :

At home good chere he had ;
Abroad full many a hongrie meale, and lodgyng verie bad ;
All daie in corslet cased faste, vrhiche made his shulders ake ;
All night vpon a couche of stra'we right glad his rest to take.

If his own account is correct, he did not enter volun-
tarily into the war which was renewed in 1542, between
the Eniperor and Francis I., " When clrom did sound
a soldour was I prest."

In 1542 Churchyard was engaged when the Duke de
Vendosme led a French army into the Netherlands,
about St. Homer's, and did great harm. " which I saw,
being then a soldier, on the Emperors side, under
Mons. de Kues, Grand Master of Flanders."1 The facts
of this war are concisely put by Chalmers, in his life of
Churchyard.2 "In this war of 1542, Henry VIII.
joined the Emperor against Francis L, and in it, he took
Boulogne, which was badly defended by Vervins, who
lost his head for his misconduct. In September, 1544,
the Emperor and Francis made their peace at Crepi
without Henry's knowledge, which released Churchyard
from his warlike services. In June, 154G, Henry made
his peace with Francis on such terms, as did not add
much to his glory or the national advantage."

After the peace of Crepi, in 1544, we find Churchyard
weary of these wars, and, having a desire to gain a
knowledge of the languages spoken in countries near
him, he travelled over probably the Netherlands and
northern part of France, returning to England in 154G.
It was in time to see the sad end of his former much-
loved master, the Earl of Surrey who was beheaded, under

1 Churchyard's Choir r. p. 2.

5 Chalmers's Life of Churchyard, p 3.

THOM AS CH U J ICR Y A KB,

the cruel order of a heartless tyrant, who very soon fol-
lowed his victim to the grave. That Churchyard deeply
felt the death of the Earl, we may gather from the lines —

An Erie of birthe, a God of sprite, a Tuilie for his tong, [rang.
Me thinke of right the worlde should shake when half his praise were
Oh, cursed are those crooked crafts that his owdc countrey wrought,
To chop of sutche a chosen hed, as our tyine nere forthe brought.

His vertues could not kepe hym here, but rather wrought Iris harms,
And made his enemies murmure oft and brought them in by swarms.

The death of Henry was soon followed by war with
Scotland, and here Churchyard entered on his second,
campaign, in which he, as he says, " less found fault
with fortune's freaks," for experience had. already
taught him the horrors of Avar, a lesson which soldiers
soon learn in all ages and climes. The first service in
which he was engaged was at Wark, under Captain
Lawson, but here he did not remain long. In Septem-
ber of the same year (1547), he was with the army at
the great battle of Pinkiefield, in which the Scots were
worsted, although the English General gained no
material advantage. The war was continued, the next
yenr, Churchyard serving in the fleet, under Admiral
Lord Clinton. He was taken prisoner at the attack on
St. Monance, having, with other of the invaders, who
were sent to lay waste the east nook of Fife, in-
cautiously advanced and had his retreat cut oft.

His imprisonment does not seem to have been an un-
pleasant one ; he writ es of .it in good spirits, living in
" pleasure many a day," and was so accounted of that
on his bare word many other prisoners were released
without ransom. His plausible tongue was so power-
ful, and no doubt he could tell so well many of his
inventions and devices, (as he afterwards called them,)
that the French and Scotch who were near him, really
liked his company ; certainly he pays himself a compli-
ment on his persuasive powers.

To French and Scots so fayrc a tale I told,

That they beleeud white chalk and ehese was one,

And it was pcarle that proued but pybbull stone.

8

THOMAS CHU RCH V A it I ).

Like most captives, no matter how pleasant their
captivity has been, it needed but a slight oppor-
tunity to arise, and we find Churchyard escaping
privately, and, " in Lavvther Fort I clapt myself by
sleight J; (it might have been an unfortunate escape
for him), " then was I like to light in fetters fast," he
writes, for Lawder was soon after besieged by the
French, under " Mounsoer de Terms," and the siege was
so vigorously conducted, that Sir Hugh Willoughby,
the Governor, found it necessary to capitulate with
the Scots for the surrender of the fort, the garrison
being reduced to such extremity as to eat horse flesh.
Peace was, however, in the meantime, declared (March .
1550), and Churchyard returned to Berwick with the
other soldiers, and from that place they were sent home.

The same summer (1550), we find Churchyard in
London, now 30 years old, poor and penniless, yet his
pen was busy ; and at this time he entered into a
controversy with Camel, concerning " David Dicar's
Dream."

The subject is scarcely worth attention now, but
it caused much excitement at the time, and several
writers of note entered into the controversy. The sub-
ject will, however, be referred to again in the list of
Churchyard's publications. It must be remembered
that the times were troublous ones, and we need not
be surprised that, causing such excitement as it did,
Churchyard was brought before the Privy Council on
account of some of his earliest poetry, which then most
probably was read with avidity. He was, however,
fortunate enough to find a protector in Somerset, and
was dismissed with only a reprimand, instead of what
was then the scribblers fate — the loss of an ear.
Churchyard, in his dedication of his Fortunate Fare-
well, in 159D, to "Lord Henry Seamcr," writes: —
" I am bold, because your most honourable father,
the Duke of Somerset (uncle to the renowned Imp of
Grace, noble King Edward VI.), favoured me when I
was troubled, before the Lords of the Council, for

THOMAS CH CJHCHYAKD.

9

writing some of my first verses, in requital whereof,
ever since, I have honoured all his noble race/'1

It will not be a matter of surprise, that after this
Churchyard was anxious to get away from London,
and, knowing that Ireland much needed soldiers, he
left for that country, passing through his native town,
Shrewsbmy, on his way. There, under Sir Anthony
St. Leger, he had a place which was to his liking, for
. we find him with full pockets and free spirits for the
first time since he spent his all in riot and extrava-
gance. He returned home in 1552, but this may have
been occasioned by the fact that Sir James Croft was
sworn in Lord Deputy in 1551, in the place of Sir
Anthony St. Leger. Wood, as has been remarked
before, says that at this time he went to Oxon, and
Entered into the service of the Earl of Leicester, then
Chancellor of the University of Oxford. We never find
any statement of Churchyard that he was ever in the
Karl of Leicester's service, but we find from letters of
Churchyard (which are printed in their proper place in
^1 lis paper), that he was in the service of the Earl of
Oxford, and from this fact the error may have arisen.

On his return to Shrewsbmy, in 1552, he went
a wooing to the widow Browning, hoping now, after many
years5 wandering, to settle in life. He was refused very
decidedly, for the great obstacle was the thing which
troubled all his life — want of those riches on which the
widow had set her mind, if she ventured again into the
matrimonial state.

There is little doubt this was a serious disappoint-
i ment to him, and drove him once more to seek a restless
j life in other lands—for in the work in which he gives an
| account of it, we find him lamenting in bitter words his
I ill-success, and complaining that his talents, his virtues,
his learning, his knowledge, his travels, his ready tongue
in speaking other languages, his reputation, his honest
life, and also his pen, (that gift which he says had

1 Chalmers's Life, p. 9.

Vol. iii.

c

10

THOMAS CHURCHYARD.

pleasured thousands long), had availed him nought; and,

after reaching home,

To his chamber, in his beate, he conies with fomyng mouthe,
And in his bloodie breast he felt full many fitts vncouthe,
And on the bedde he iaied hym doune and for his lute he raught,
And break a-twoo those giltlesse strings as he had bin bestraught ;
And ere he flang it to the walls — my plaiefeere, fare thou well !
Saied he, as sweete as Orpheus' harpe, that wan his wife from hell,
You instruments, eche one of you, keepe well your cace of woode.
And to the scrallyng eatyng worm.es., I you bequeath as foode;
Up stept he to his studie doore, all that stoode in his waie
He brake and burnt bothe booke and scroull and made a foul arraie.i

Churchyard, after this, went to France (the King of
France, Francis L, having, by surprise, seized Metz.'
Toul, and Verdun, war was declared), and served in the j
Emperor's army, under Captain Grayer. Charles Y. , I
with a very large army, besieged Metz, defended by the!
Duke of Guise ; but, after a siege of many months, and
thousands had been slain with the sword, famine, an<u
disease, he was obliged to retire from the siege, and
Churchyard sailed down the " pleasant floud of Hyen,/
and served in Flanders, where he was " clapt in prysojn
without eawse," and straight ly held for coming out <j>f
France, but upon the influence of the "noble Madame Se' H
de Embty," he was released ; and, hoping that the wafvS5
would advance his prospects, he still " trayld the pike, '
and in the campaign of 1553 served under Captain
Gonnie. As Churchyard says, for three years at least)
he saw the Emperor's wars, it is probable he continued |
in the army until the end of the war in 1555. It may j
now be stated that Englishmen were allowed to volun- 1
teer up to this time in whichever army they liked, and
often Englishmen met Englishmen in battle ; but on the
accession of Mary to the Throne, her Ambassador in
France issued a notice that they were either to enlist
in the Emperor's army or return home.

On his return home, Churchyard seems to have been
well received, for he writes : —

Smme, and mono, and al the scuen starres,
Stodcon my side, and me great welcome made,

1 Churchyards Charge, Ed. 1580, fol. 5,

THOMAS CHURCHYARD.

11

But whether fay re, and flowres ful sone wil fade ;

So people's loue is like new besoms oft,

That sweepes all eleane, whyles brome is greene and soft.

It is probable that the time between his return home
and his leaving England again for France, when Queen
Mary declared war, on June 7, 1557, was spent in
writing some of his many pieces which, with one or two
exceptions, were not published until Queen Elizabeth's
reign. In this unfortunate war, during which Calais
was taken, Churchyard served as a lieutenant in the
garrison of Guisnes, which was besieged by the Duke of
Guise, in January, 1558. The garrison was under the
command of Lord Gray, who vigorously defended it ;
but, receiving no help from home, and their defences
being gone, the officers wished to capitulate, and
threatened the Governor. The officers sent Churchyard
out of the castle with terms of surrender. Churchyard
has written an account of this : In the dead of night he
passed the ditch, notwithstanding the caltrops, but,
having neither trumpeter nor drummer to sound a
parley, both being wounded, he was immediately taken
prisoner by the watch, and carried to the commander's
tent. He now, in humble wise, communicated his
message. The Duke of Alencon objected to the terms,
as the defences of the garrison were ruined. To this
Churchyard replied with great deference, that, ad-
i nutting the fact, the officers were skilful and the
I soldiers were veterans, and they were all Englishmen,
who would fight while one of them remained rather than
surrender without honourable terms, and the assailants
would lose many a man in such conflict. Meantime the
Duke of Guise rode up, hearing that an officer had come
out with a message. He now cross-questioned Church-
yard, who did not much like such an encounter, though
the Duke treated him kindly, and ordered him refresh-
ment. The General declared in favour of the terms
offered, as the capture of the Castle was the only object in
view.1 Lord Gray and Churchyard were both carried

1 Chalmers's Life, p. 15.

12

THOMAS CHURCHYARD.

prisoners to Paris. Lord Gray was sent home with a mes-
sage from the Duke to move peace secretly, but Church-
yard was detained in prison, and felt he was quite forgot-
ten. He complains that his country had forsaken him,
and that he might live in sorrow and exile and pine away,
for, "as I had bakte, in deede so might I Drue." No one
came from England t o release him, and even aft er the peace
of Cateau Cambresis, made in April, 1559, he was still de-
tained a prisoner by his captor for want of the means to
ransom himself. Churchyard's wits, however, did him
good service, and when he found his word was of little
avail, for to that his " taker gave no trust/' he devised
a written bond to return again, if his ransom was not,
paid at a fixed time, but by which he never intended to
abide, for when he got home again, he writes : —

Sens faith could get no credit at his hand,
I sent him word to come and sue my band.

The Frenchman came, and told his tale, as Churchyard

says, as finely as he might ; yet, when the matter came

to be known, his friends admitted he had " don him

right." Churchyard, at this time, was at Ragland, in

Monmouthshire, and, from his own words, in a deplov-

rable state — sick and weak, his cheeks pale and thinl

with scarcely a welcome to his native country, he felt;

bitterly that he was desolate, and this feeling was in-]

tensified when he visited his native town. His friends,1,
• • • \

it is true, received him gladly, " with open armes em- !

braste hym hard," yet he found his father dead, the old !

household broken up, his friends decayed, and none of \

his open-armed friends did him any good or helped him

in his distress, so that he was left utterly desolate ; his

high spirit would not let him beg ; " his hart so hye, it

would not stoupe to steale."

At this time he wrote to the new Queen, Elizabeth

(who had but lately ascended the throne), a " fewe well

couched lines," stating his case, and " gracious words

three tymes he gate ; the fourth, unfruitful was." This,

added to his present troubles, was a great source of

complaint, and in his own mind he formed a resolve,

THOMAS CHURCHYARD.

13

to forswear the Court and. all its pleasures, and war
abroad with all its dangers — a resolution he did not keep
long.

In the autumn of the same year, he joined his old
commander, Lord Gray, whose purpose was to aid the
Scotch insurgents, and expel the soldiers which the
French king had sent into Scotland ; and in the spring
of the next year, 15^, leaving Berwick, they marched
to Leith. The siege commenced immediately, but the
: assailants were, time after time, repulsed, and the pro-
spect of successfully carrying out their object began to
vanish. In the summer, treaties were concluded, and
the English army returned to their own country.
Churchyard has written a very interesting account of
this siege in his Clnppes, which Chalmers has re-
^printed in his Chips concerning Scotland. In it we
find that the siege was conducted in a soldier-like way.
The encounters were sharp, and the soldiers on both
sides, endued with that martial ardour which led them
to seek death without fear. One of the few names
mentioned in the account is of interest to Salopians, for
(it was one of a family as highly esteemed then as
mow ; " Syr Andrevve Corbet1 was heere, and other
gentlemen."

I Churchyard returned to London in 15 GO, and tried
to obtain a livelihood at the Court, but this was a
failure. He found that all there " loue to keepe their
owne, and part with nought that commeth in their
gripe/' and so, writing a " Farewell to the Court," he
betakes himself to his old resource — service abroad. It
is very difficult to trace Churchyard's career ; but Chal-
mers writes : " He seems to have gone to Ireland with
the companies of troops which were sent thither at the
end of 15G4 ; he appears, from his own story (Challenge,

1 This must have been Sir Andrew Corbet, Knt., of Moreton Corbet,
co. Salop, who died 1578, having married Jane, d. of Sir Robert
Needham, Knt., of Sheinton, co. Salop, by whom he had six sons and
two daughters, of whom the third son, Sir Vincent Corbet, Knt.,
carried on the succession at Moreton Corbet.

14 THOMAS CHURCHYARD.

sig, f. iii.), to have served in the Northern Expedition,
under Sir Henry Sidney, in 1565, against O'Neil.
Used as he had been to the hardships of warfare, he
now felt still more the fat igues of hunting the Irish kern
to their fastnesses. He returned, probably with Sir
Henry Sidney, to England at the end of the season,
after witnessing the submission of the Earl of Desmond
at Limerick."1

Hearing of disturbances in the Netherlands, in 15GG,
" to Anvverp then I trudged ... to get some
spending pens," and found this city in a tumult. It
would be foreign to our subject to discuss the religious
questions which led to this riot. They can easily be
referred to in Motley's Rise of the Dutch Republic, and
other works of similar character. The subject only has
interest to us through the important part Churchyard
played in it, and this will, it may be hoped, be a suffi-
cient excuse for introducing so long an extract from one
of his rare works : — A Lamentable and pitifull Des-
cription of the wofull warres in Flanders, published in
1578. It cannot but be a matter of congratulation that
so formidable a religious tumult, through Churchyard's
forethought, should have ended so peacefully, and that
the cathedral and other buildings were not damaged.

The first of this ruffling sturre began at Antwerpe, where they
threwe down Images, and made a greate uproare among the
common people, so that they fell to sides and factions, and
thereby a grudge of ranckor tooke roote in their heartes, in
suche sorte that the one side sought the others ouerthrow and
vtter subuersion.

At thys tyme a greate citie called Yalentian, taking holde
and fauoure of .Religion reuolted from the Regent, which
towne was besieged a long season by the Regent's power, and
by practise and policie surprised, taken, and cruelly handled.

* But, in the mean season, there was one called Monsieur
Tolouse, that assembled a company of souldioures, to the
number of two thousand, and fortified a place neare Antwerpe,
called Austerueil, in minde to exercise Religion there, and to
draw as many vnto them as were fauorers of that enterprize.

1 Chalmers's Life, p. 19.

Thomas chubchyaiid.

15

The Regent hearing thereof, with all expedition sente Mon -
sienr Beauoys with a sufficient band, both of horsmen and
footemen, which set vpon Monsieur Totalise his company e
(when they were not well prouided to withstande such a
chardge) and ouerthrewe the whole assembly, putting to the
sworde as many they collide lay hand vpon, with as great
terror and crueltie as eoulde anye wave be imagined.

The common people ot Antwerp©, standyng on their walles
and beholding this murther and massacre, began to murmure
at the matter, and so burst out in open words of malice, and
swore to reuenge the blondshed they behelde of their brethren
and counti'imen. Whervpon a common crie was sodainely
raised throughout the streetes of Vine le geuxe, and all the
people arming themselues in euerye parte of the citie came
i running to the Mear B meg, a wide and large streete adioyning
jto the Borse, and when they hadde assembled togither, to the
[number of tenne thousand shotte. and armed menne, they de-
termined to march out of the towne, and meete Monsieur
vBeauoys as hee returned from Austeruiel. But, in the market-
place, was assembled twelue Auntients of the Regent's side,
who had the keyes of the gates, and so kepte the people from
their purpose a little season.

But the multitude was so great©, and the people swarmed so
I thicke in eucry place, that the Rcgentes power in the Market-
place were faine to drawe the cannons from the walles, and
[gather theyr friendes togither from all partes of the citye, and,
/hauing a greate power, all in one place, they chardged all
I theyr cannons and greate peeces with haile shotte, and dydde
fortify e themselues in the Market-place very stronglyc.

The nighte before, one Capitavne Bright, mid Capitaine
Marya, an Italian, hadde broken all the bridges and passages
that the people of the citie shoulde haue gone oner, or haue
hadde anye passage at, which was done vppon some suspition
they had conceiued of a reuolte.

The people being with this, and other occasions, made angrie
and brought in a rage, beganne furiouslye to goe aboute the
walles, and kepte togither by thousandes and multitudes, the
number whereof eoulde not easilye be knowen, but they were
iudged in all to be line and twentye thousande able men, and
yet among them hadde they no speciall Captaine, nor any that
woulde take vppon him to shew what was neccssarie to be
done in this their extreame hazard and danger.

The Prince of Orange, the Count de Home, the Count do
Hostraed, Monsieur Decaerd, and al the Nobilitie being afraide
to olfendc the King with an open reuolte, did pcrswade the

16

THOMAS CHURCHY ABB.

Regent's power to make peace with the people, and. aboute
that perswasion they spente three long houres. But the Re-
gent's power being experimented souidiours, woulde lose no
occasion to conquere their enimies. And on that pointe they
stoode so stiiielye tliat they determined, presentlye, to gyve the
commoners a battell, and trie oute the matter by sworde, and
not by sweete persuasions. And, to performe the same, they
sette all in order, and were readye to marche into the citie and
meete with the people, as by fortune they mighte any waye
encounter them. j

The Prince and the Nobilitie much grieued with this bloudye I
resolution, repaired towardes the people and tolde them all the |
matter, and willed them to goe to their owne houses and he j
would see that all things should be wel ended.

The people liked no whit that councell, and gaue the Prince i
euil wordes, and a greate number of them burst into my lodg-j
ing. And by cause the Prince hadde made of mee before, and]
that they knewe I hadde seruedin the Emperoures dayes, they)
called me forth, and saide I shoulde be theyr leader, whiche j
thing I refused as far as I durst, alleadging I was ignoraunt of
suche ahayres, wherevpon they bent theyr pikes on me in a)
great furie. I, beholding the extreamitie I was in, gaue them!
my faith, and so came into the streete among the reste of their!
companye, where I was so receiued, as fewe woulde haue be-^
leeued the manner thereof, but suche as had scene it. Witnesse,.
Sir Thomas Gressam. '

Then, knowing the daunger we were in, and finding no way so\
good for our expectation, as speedily to preuent the harmes \
the enimies mighte doe us, I drewe the whole power into a \
strong peece of groundc called Xou.a Vielie, digged and de- I
fenced of itselfe, and tooke otit of the companye an eyght
thousande souldioures, well appointed, and marched to one of '
the gates. And, beatyng downe a little posterne with barres i
of yron, we sallied out into the heldes to encounter Monsieur ;
Beauoys, giuing charge to a thousande shotte to keepe the pos- •
ternetill weretourned inagaine, which duly did their endeuour
as well for their owne Hues as oure safetie. But, wanting
horsemen to discouer the enimy, and hailing no iitte groundc
to auoide the charge of the enimies horsemen, whiche came
lustily on a greate gallop to holde us in play till their footemen
hadde Quertaken them, we soi'tely and orderly retyred, leaning
in the face of the enimie a sufficient company of shotte, that
galled their horses ami held them at a stay til we had recouered
the towne againe, whiche done, we shutte vp the posterne, and
lefte men to guarde it, and so came to our power that hadde in

THOMAS CHURCHYARD

17

this season furnished themselues wyth weapon, pouder, shotte,

armour, and all things necessarie for a battel.

At our coming in, the Prince of Orange came to me and gaue

me thankes for sailing the Hues of so many men that had bin

abroade, which Monsieur Beauoys was like ynoughe to ouer-
j throwe, bycause he had a great band of horsemen in his
| campe.

; The Eegentes power in the Market-place, hearing that oure
men woulde fight, and hadde prepared thinges for that purpose,
and seeyng oure company encrease continuallyc, stoode in a
doubt, and durste not issue oute of the Market-place, whiche
was well fortified and guarded rounde aboute with great©
ohaines and greate peeces rammed full of haile shotte, and
other mischiefe meete for a murther.

Now I asked of my companie if they woulde fight, and
desired such as would be in their houses to depart, whereat
they flang vp a thousande Cappes and cryed arme, arme, Bat-
tlallia, Battallia, viue le geuxe. I hearing this crie, and noting
their courage as well as I could, set them in order, and tooke
with all possible speede the high way towards the Market-
place^ willing all those that woulde, saue their houses from
apoyling to ayde vs with munition, and suche things as we
wanted; And as soone as we came to Gowpper Street, we sent
loure thousand shotte to enter (on a warning giuen) on the
backes of our enimies, which they were readie to do when we
ioyned in battell.

i The day was faire, and the people left in their houses re-
ioyced so at our comming by them, and made such a shoute
and crye, that we had good hope of victorie ; and to atteyne
the same we marched a greate pace, crying all the way, " Viue
le geuxe," in so muche, that the very noyse of thys crye came
to the hearing of the enimie, and neyther Drumme nor Trum-
pet could be heard of any side; the crye that wee made was so
greate (the like of whiche noyse since I was borne I neuer
hearde). And as we approched almost to the mouth of the
cannon, and view of the enimie, the Prince of Orange and all
the Nobilitie (to saue blond and the Hues of thousands) came
bctweene both the armies and desired vs to retire, declaring the
enimie was stronger (by means of their good souldioures and
artillerie) than we, and as he sayde it was impossible lor vs to
enter vpon them. At which words, our people fell in so greate a
rage, tbat they cryed, " Kill the Prince," and surely had not
some salted him (I name them not), he had bin slayne. But
both the Prince and a number of the noble men, being frighted
with the furious follie of the people, retired so hastiHe forwarde,
Vol. hi. d

18

THOMAS CHURCHYARD.

that their horses fell downe, and the Prince beyng conuayde
safelie into another streete, we tooke the aduantage of time.
And, making a shew, as though we had ouerthrowne these
noble men, we marched immediately vpon the enimie, crying
still, " Yiue le geuxe," and they, beholding oure boldnesse/and I
perceiuing the shotte that should have entred on the backe I
side of them, withoute gyuing fire to anye peece, cryed in lyke [
sorte, " Yiue le geuxe," and yeelded themselues, withoute any
stroke stricken vnto us, in most humblest sorte and manner, .
simply and playnely. A thyng to be Avondered at, and couide
not be broughte to passe but onely by God's ordinance.

Nowe, hauing this peaceable victorie, we soughte all possible
meanes to reste in suretie, and come by that wee desired, whiche,
was (as the people confessed) the libertie of the Gospell. And
for oure most aduantage we tooke wyth vs diners of the enimie V.
chiefetaynes and foure and twentie cannons and greate peeces ,
whiche they hadde all readie charged, and, marching from the.
enimie, we came to the Mear Broeg, and there encamp ed\,
chayning and choking the corners of euerie streete with cartes!,
bigge timber, barrels, and other necessaries to holde out the)
enimie. and to debate the matter at the push of the Pyke*,
if neede required. And, finishing these fortifications, w<e
thrust euerie windowe full of shotte that might serue for thq
stanching of the streetes, and commanded the rest of ye houses!
in the compasse of our shotte, that nothing might be a lette 01?
hinderancc to our desired hope. )

By this time, the Prince had the keyes of the towne, and no
man couide eyther enter, or go out, without the license of the
people encamped in the Mear Broeg, for we kept the watch!
and ward, and had the only rule of all Antwerp, without any
empeachment or contradiction.

And aboute midnudite, after this victorie, diners of the soul-
dioures, in greate companies, came vnto me and desired to go
and spoyle the Catholikes houses. I tolde them that it was more
meete to watche and be in readinesse for the enimie, for the
Prince hadde tolde me how they prepared to assaulte oure
campe the same present c nyghte, whyche policie kepte oure
people in quiet ; and, further, I knewe if wee had spoyled one
house, wee shoulde haue ransackt the whole towne, and when
I hadde gotten anye treasure, I bceyng a straunger, shoulde
have had my throte cutte for my goodes. But, in very earnest,
I made the Prince prinie to all those thyngs I dyd, or intended
to doe, whyche kepte the best of the company in feare to
offende, and made the worst reforme themselues, before they
committed any violcnte acte, or fell into open disorder and follie.

THOMAS CHURCHYARD.

19

The seconcle dayc, the enimies beganne newe practises, and
the Margraue and Bergo maisters -went busilie about some mis-
chiefe towards vs, and deuised many wayes how they mighte
weaken our power, and augment their owne strength, and had
secret communication with many of our camp (who were rich
men of the townc) to bringe to passe the effect of their

) deuises.

\ Abouto dinner time, I being with the Prince at the table, the

ieople had broken into the Friers, and spoyled their house,
rhich was a beginning of a bloudie businesse had it gone for-
rard. The Prince, hearing thereof, sent me to pacifie the
urly burly, and I came, when sixe Friers were going to hang-
ig, and the people were determined to kill all the Papistes in
tie townc, especially the Priests, Monckes, and Friers, but I
ersuaded the people to be in quiet, and presented the Hues of
ae Friers, and thousands of their betters, both honest gentle-
len and wealthie burgesses. The same nighte, the rudest and
taost disordered of al our company came in a greate heate and
tfold me that in one Battes his house, an Englishman, was a
great flocke of Friers and religious persons, and all the treasure
that they could gather and bring ; but by this time had a prac-
tise of the BurgO maisters taken such place, that I was fayne
:o keepe watch all the night with all the armed men and chiefe
<diotte in our camp, and yet eleane againste oure hope, dyuers
cbf our people were tiedde from vs to a contrarie side.
I Then I was sent to the Prince from our people, to demaund
i vhat was the meaning of these matters, for he had daylie con-
: erence with the Borgo maisters and others about a common
( juietnesse (which our rude and basest sorte of souldioures vn-
iferstoode not). And the Prince, to my demaunde, aunswered
somewhat sharplie, and declared that the Caluinistes had
sworne to kill the Martinist.es, whyche he would not suffer, and
jy the threatning of liimselfe to his owne face the flrste daye,
' ic smelled some suche smoke as woulde breede a furious flame
Jjf lire. Wherefore, he willed the people to vse more temper-
fanee, and shew more fidelitie and seruice to God and his
person.

1 This message so vexed the vayne heads of numbers in our
camp, that they determined to the last droppe of their blouds
[ to maynteyne their purpose for their hues and libertie. And
I the grauest and wisest sort, who were of great wealth and ex-
j perience, confessed openly that the brute raised for the killing
i of the Martinistes, was a deuice of some diuelishe inuention to
i set breethrcn at variance. But in a little while after, our com-
j pany grewe so weake, that wee were but lifteene thousand

20

THOMAS CHURCHYARD.

left, of fine and twenties, whyeh fifteene thousand were become
bo resolute, that they purposed the nexte morning to giue all
their enimies a bat tell, and sware, neither to spare one nor
other. And in this heate and furie, they badde me looke to
my promise, and keepe my faith, for they doubted not but God
would giue them victorie, for their quarrell was onely for the
aduancemente of God's glorie and hys word.

The next day, the enimies grew very strong, what with j
Spanyards, Easterlings, Burgonions, Almaynes, and Martinistes, j
the street s were all couered with their assemblyes. And we j
hearing they were sparckled abroad, and without order, sud- /
daynely we thought to charge them, and so, putting ourselues
in battel], began to march, the brute whereof so amazed thej
enimies, that they caused the Prince to send and stay vs, and.
that they were glad to talke of peace, and would not any way/
offend vs, the Prince sent. Whervpon we stayed, and I was
agayne sent from the people to the Prince, to will all our ad4
uersaries immediately to lay downe weapon and goe home to their;
houses, for otherwise there was no hope of peace. The Prince!
willed me to persuade them to goe home first, and promised)
that all the citie should be in quiet so soone as they were inj
their houses, to the which 1 replyed, and sayd that our people!
were now able and strong ynough to debate the matter in any(
maner of sort, and being in their houses, and the enimie in/
armour, the suretie of our people mighte be doubtfull. Ancf
I knew 1 should but offend the people to bring them newesf,
that they must giue place to their enimies, when they were]
maisters of the towne, and the enimie scattered abroade, anclj
not like to be in order, it we tooke the aduantage that God had!
put into our hands. Wherfore, in hast, there was no more to;
be saide, but eyther the enimie must defend and fight, or with-,
out delay withdraw themselucs homeward, and let them vse
victorie that gat it.

The Prince gaue no aims were to this, and our men hailed me
away that were sent to the Prince with me. And when 1 came
to the people, there was a new crye, " Yieue le geuxe,1 Battallia,
Battalha," and suche a shoute and noyse was suddaynely
raysed, as made ye enimie afrayde and tremble, and the whole
towne to draw to some accorde and pacification. And in greate j
post hast came a messenger from the enimies, that they woulde
lay downe weapon and agree, that there shoulde bo a free
libertie of Preaching, and no person shoulde (of this our

1 In another account he writes " Tine les gueulx, that is to say Hue
pooro Men."

THOMAS CHURCHYARD.

21

assemblie) be troubled for anye matter or cause committed.
And to perforaxe this that the enimies offered, they promised to
sweare on a Bible, and so they did, at which otheand offer our
people reioysed, and clapped handes, but still they manfullie
stood e in order of battell. The enimies duly obserued the ap-
poyntment made, and went euer\ man to his lodging accord-
ingly as the order was taken, and when wee sawe, and found
all tilings in quiet, we marched along the streetes with Anciente
displayed, and as euery man came by his owne house, he
entred. But before we wer all placed in our lodgings it grew
very late. Thus ended this great e reuolte, without bloudshed
tor hurte to any person lining.1 And for our paynes, and true
performance in things that we promised, we reaped trouble and
jpersccntien ; and in a little season after, both Prince and people
were driuen through a thousandc hazards to saue life and
dibertie. The Prince was fayne to depart to a towne of his
pwne, called Breda, and hauing hast away (or for some great
pause) left his sonnc and heyre, called Monsieur Debuer, in
"jLouaine, at schole ; and dyuers gentlemen shifted away as they
flight ; among the rest I scrambled hardly into Englande, being
layde for, and yet so desguised, that I escaped the handes of
liny enimies, who hadde a commaundement from the Regenteto
put mee to death with martiall law (a badde recompence for so
great good and diligence bestowed on hir people, and a naughtie
reward for the frute of a good-meaning mind).2

1 As Churchyard says, " this stir began at Antwerp where they
threw down Images/' other accounts tell us that " the Cathedral was
invaded, the statue of the Virgin dragged with a cord round its neck
about the building, the ground was watered with the wine and oil
intended for religious purposes — the fine organ was broken to pieces,
the long tapers of the Cathedral lighted up the scene, with their
mystic flames, the tocsin sounded, Antwerp trembled in the daike,
and the sun rose on the ruins of 70 Altars." It was no wonder then
that Churchyard writes, "the one side sought the other's overthrow
and utter subversion,'' and the marvel is that in the height of all this
religious excitement he should, as we have said before, keep the people
from doing any further damage to the Cathedral or City. In the
side note to one of his poems Churchyard writes, " He saued religious
houses and most of the Towne from burning " ; unfortunately the
city was treated very differently soon alter when the Spaniards
obtained possession.

2 A Lamentable and Pit If nil Description of the Wofull Weirres in
Flanders. Written by Thomas Churchyarde, gentleman. Imprinted
at London, by Ralph Xevvberie, Anno 1578, pp. 17-84, black letter.
The original spelling has been followed.)

22

THOMAS CHURCHYARD.

Churchyard in this extract says he scrambled hardly
into England. In another place he narrates that he
" escaped in priest's atyer, but not with shauen crown."
He was followed into Zealand by the Marshal eight days,
and found his priest's attire so awkward, that he often
wished he had some " sea man s slopps." At the Slues
he was so near being captured that the Marshal sent to
arrest him was on board the same vessel, but after
many dangers and long tedious travels he arrived home /
in safety. ^ /

Resting only for a short time in England, we find/
Churchyard the next year (1567) sent by the Earl ofj*
Oxford, then Lord High Chamberlain of England, by)
way of Paris (when Lord N orris, the English Ambas-'
sador, assisted him away) to the Prince of Orange, at
his Castle of Dillenborough, " a goodlye seate and a
faire strong Castell, to which place repaired many noble
personages of Germany, and capitaines of greate conduct
and charge, to deuise and talke of matter conuenient
for the purpose rehearsed." The purpose rehearsed wasi
the way in which the Duke of Alva had treated the
Netherlands, until the troubled spirits of the people
were at length worked up to open resistance, and the
Princes of Germany had agreed to confer with the
Prince of Orange, as to measures calculated to secure
the independence of the Low Countries. The result of
the conference was that an army of 22,000 foot and.
11,000 horse (in another account Churchyard puts
13,000 horse) assembled at an Abbey near to Andernake.

Churchyard served under Count de la March as
Cornet bearer to 250 light horsemen. With a general
like the Duke of Alva they had no mean opponent, and
the whole campaign was a series of skirmishes, both
generals avoiding a general battle. Very interesting
details of the campaign are given by Churchyard,1 but
too long to insert here. The Dukes cruelty is noted

1 Civil Wars in the Netherlands, 1002, p. 10, 15. Lamentable
Description of the Warfes in Flanders, 1578, p. 38 — 41.

THOMAS CHURCHYARD.

23

by Churchyard. " And looke what prisoners the Duke
did take, before the day went out of the skye, he caused
them to be burnt, alltogither in one house, the smoke
and smell whereof came with the winde full into our
noses. '

The war was one of great hardship to all engaged,
want of shelter and want of food reduced the army, and
as an illustration of this he tells us, " that some in the
campe (and right good men), for the space of twentie or
or thirtie days neuer tasted of bread, nor clranke better
than water, yet what with apples and frute and other
moyst things we found the camp was satisfied. " When
the Prince of Orange found he could not carry on the
campaign to his satisfaction or with prospect of success,
but withdrew his army into France, near Guise and St.
Quinten, his soldiers soon found this scarcity disappear,
for " comming no we into a goodly countrey full of hole-
sjome wynes and healthfull things (that oure sicke and

t>re weatherbeaten campe needed, and were gladde of)
ee rested awhile and fylled our emptie bellies with
Ipenefyte of the earthe and blessings of God." On the
4rmy marching into winter quarters at Strasburg,
Churchyard left the army and returned to England,
j Notwithstanding his experiences of the last cam-
paign, Churchyard must needs go to the next year's
strife in 1568, and we may fairly infer from his constant
endeavours to help the Flemings, that he had a deep
sympathy with them in their endeavours to free them-
selves from the Spanish yoke, or, that he had made so
many friends in the Netherlands that he was glad to
be amongst them. Whatever may have been his reason,
1 we find him with all its risks and dangers once more
' with the Flemish army, and joining the Prince of Orange
at his house at Dillenborough, he tells us he there " saw
of roitters right good store, who welcomde mee with
many a mad carouse/' and marching to the Rhine, they
lay there for a season, " till money came and had a
generall paye." For many reasons, which need not here
be narrated, this season passed away without any real

24

THOMAS CHURCHYARD.

results being attained, and the campaign like that of
the previous year was one of varied fortune. Church-
yard does not seem to have been afraid of the many
privations, or tried to avoid them.

Perhaps my share was not the swetest there,
I make no boste, nor finde no fault therein.

When the Prince of Orange left Flanders and entered
France, Churchyard requested permission to leave, that
he might return home again. The Prince warned him of
the troubles and dangers lie ran, but Churchyard
scorning them departed on his way. Before the day
was out, he was betrayed by a peasant, whom he had
engaged as a guide, into the hands of the robbers, who
robbed him of his horse, equipments, clothes, and being
threatened of his life, he turns to his old resource, " To
saue my life an vpright tale I told," which so muclji
interested his hearers, that they laid their weapons
down. Finding he knew the town of Saint Quinten,
they agreed to send him there, and for security laid
him in the prison all night. Yet they " sought my lyfe
before the day was light." Even here in his distress!,
Churchyard, finds a friend, for a " blessed man " under-
took to keep him from his foes, and by his help he es^
eaped safely. Churchyard gives another account of
this escape,1 which should be here added. He had been
severely wounded and taken prisoner, but with hils
plausible tongue and ready wit, he made many friends!,
one of whom was a lady ; he had likewise made his*
captors believe he was rich and able to pay them welll
for their help. Unfortunately, another prisoner was
taken who knew Churchyard and revealed his real\
position. His captors on finding out the deception
placed him in a stronger prison, and heavily ironed him.
The lady hearing of this, came to his help, and

Left hym files to sette him free, and robes to doe hym good,
With some hard eggs and bred in bagg,

1 This may, however, be another incident in his life, if so, in each
case, ho had to go " three score mile;" but as has been said before
it is very difficult to trace these events in their proper order.

THOMAS CHURCHYARD.

25

i and gave him directions where she would meet him. In
j attempting this escape his keeper woke, and it was only
managed by silencing him in a very practical way, by
giving him, with a hatchet he fortunately met with, a
blow as he dryly says, " that was long felt and seen."
After two days' hiding in a wood, to which the lady
brought him help, he managed to escape.

' Although he was in hazard greats, and long in daunger still,
iFor he had three score mile to goe emong his enemies all,
iWhiche he did trudge in foule darke nights, and so as happ did fall,
He scapt a scourge, and scourying bothe, and came where he desierd,
And finely had deceived his foes, what could be more requierd.

It will be seen he had to travel 60 miles, throuo-h an
unfriendly people, and, as he says, " hardly handled "
by the Captain of Peronne as he journeyed on to Abbe-
ville. At length he found a vessel, bound for Guernsey,
where he was most hospitably received and kindly
t- eated by the Governor, Captain Leighton.1 He
stayed here but a short time, and, anxious to reach
England, he left on the first opportunity, and
arrived in England after all his troubles and hardships
early in 1569.

I Churchyard was now in great distress, and to add to
it, he was at this time dismissed from the service of the
Earl of Oxford, for whom he had suffered much, and
served long. Of this he write m his Choice : —

i That death itself was seen amidst his face,

-j- A Noble Earl, as he beheld his case,

Breke with the man.

1 Sir Thomas Leighton, Knt., of Feckenham, co. Worcester, was
Second son of Sir John Leighton, knt., of Wattlesborough, co. Salop,
inquire of the Body to Hen. VIII., by Joyce, d. of Edward Sutton,
Lord Dudley. He was Governor of Guernsey, 12 Eliz., 1570;
Constable of the Tower of London ; of the Council to Q. Elizth., and died
1610. He married Ann, d. of Sir Francis Knollys, K.B., Maid of
Honour to Q. Eliz. His descendants in three generations became
extinct in 1741. (Consult Nichols', Leicestershire (West Goscote)
p. 114G. Gent. Mag., lxix., 1013, &nk>Mles and Queries, 2 s., x. 497.)

Churchyard probably visited Guernsey again. In his Discourse of
Court and Wars, he writes " in Guernsey with Sir Thomas Leighton
in good credit and charge a great while."

Vol. hi. e

26

THOMAS CHURCH YAHD.

And in another place, comparing the Earl of Oxford
with his former master, he tells us he was no more to
be compared than " chalk is with cheese/' so superior
was Surrey as a statesman, soldier, and scholar.

Leaving London as early as possible Churchyard went
to Bath in search of rest, but he was there seized with
a fever and ague. Whilst at Bath, on the 24th May,
1569, Churchyard, seeing some colleaguing among the
Papists, wrote the following letter to Sir W. Cecil, who
immediately took steps against them : — 1

Duety don moest honorable, I am boeld because I toek nott
my leave (whear I found sutch favor and forwardnes towards my
suett), to wrytt thys letter whear by I hoep my eskues is nqt
only maedj butt also I contynue in the good opynyon off your
honor, and to encreace the saem I do advertyes your honor off
such thyngs as I have seen suspycyously handled among the
papysts, whoes practyses dryvs me to presuem thatt they have,
or may pas thear compas wyth som prowd attemptt or folly ;
and suerly the unbrydled brayeng and talk off Bonnavs clyS-
sypulls doth argue som cuerles corrsy is closely creptt in thear
cankred mynds. The troeth is, moest honorable : Havyng oc-
casyon to lye in Baeth xx dayes, I sawe sutch assemblee and
company off gentyllmen as maed me to muesse off so great a
repay r and wayeng thear callyngs and Crystyan relygyon, I
fownd, by good proeff and tryall, thatt all the hoell trowpp in
a manner wear hyndrars oft' God's word and hys gospell. syr
Jhon Sowthworth, off Lankesheer, a leadar of thatt ryng, 1
fownd in a corner, butt nott wyth Stracllyng who, in theas
partyes is no lyttell doar, and remayns in greatt admyracyo.n
among thys afiynyte. Other gentyllmen, off dyvers naems,
wear heer in lyke sortt, and syr Jhon Sowth worth dyd att som
oen season ^eke conference wyth them, but in verey deed
heer is an Itah/an, called Jacobycn, a laem man, whoes abydyng
is moest' in Sowthampton, and thys is the man thatt may do
mutch hortt ; for, assuredly hys relygyon and fyeff is amys, and
dayly he haeth som intellygence boetli from Flawndevs and,
Spayn, he wantts no wealth nor spaers for no chargys to
gayn aquayntance for his porpos, the moest off all Bonnavs .
bloed and kynsfolk aer dwellyng in thys town, and undowttedly
under the collor off comyng to the Baeth, many madd meet-

1 From the Lansdowne MSS., vol. xi., No. f)G. Reprinted in Chal-
mcr's Life, pp. 66, 69.

THOMAS CHURCHYARD.

27

yngs tbear aer, I dyschargyng my consyence and duetty to the
advancement of God and hys glory, thoghtt hytt good to talk
wyth my lord byshopp off Excetor, whoes hand in thys behalff
I have procured to my letter, dowttyng nott, butt my honest
hartt and meanyng heerin shall be so well acceptted, that heer-
aftcr I shall have thanks for my labor, and hoepyng wythall
thatt the neast off wasps whearsoever they may be fownd shall
.have thear styngs taken from them, and be lernd a nue lesson,
and God doth knoc, and hys church doth wyttnes moest hon-
orable, thatt in all theas contreys is sutch lybertye off speetch
as may be lamented, yff dutyfull earrs durst rebuek thatt they
beer, thus, beyng over bold in ju egging moer than becoms
me, I treble your honor no further, wyshyng youe long iyeff,
en.creace of grace and a blessed end. From Baeth, the xxiiij
of May, your honor's duryng lyeff att co'mandment.

Youres honor's most hu'ble to co'maunde.
W. Exon.1 THOMAS CHURCHYARD.

I have byn heer syk off an ague sens I maed thys letter,
whych haoth byn a lett for the delyuery thearoff, butt I hoep
as God gyvs me health to repayr to the cowrtt, and. so to re-
qiiyr at your honor's hands the packett off letters to my lord
embassador, for my mynd gyvs me thatt I shall never dy tyll
I Ijieer and se the gospell advanced to the uttermoest.

The above is written in Churchyard's hand on the
ba ck of the last leaf of the sheet ; addressed on the out-
side—

To the ryghtt honorable Sr. Wyllyam Cycyll, Knyghtt, cheeff
Secretary to the Queen's Majeste, and oen off her Hyghnes
Pryvey Cowncell, delyver theas wyth all possyble dyllygence.

Now nearly in his 50th year, Churchyard laments
in bitter words the want of many comforts which others
had, and, looking back on his past life, rough and
moxved as it had been, he felt a lonpino; to " seeke
d eath and wishe to live no more." Instead of giving
^ ray to this morbid feeling he, as usual, flies to the
opposite extreme, and " a sober wife I choes." Who
s he was we never read, but it is suspected that Church-
yard has himself, in his Choice, given a satirical
account of his worthless wife in his piece — " A Pitiful!

1 William Alley, Prebendary of St. Paul's, was elected to the See of
Kxetcr, 10G0, and died 1570.

28

THOMAS CHURCHYARD.

Complaint, in manner of a tragedie, of Signer Anthonio
dell Dondaldoe's wife, sometimes in the Duke of
Florence's court, translated out of Italian prose and put
into English verse." However this may be, certainly
the new attractions of wife and home were not long
his, for he tells us, writing of his wife —

In myen owne home, with whom I seldom dwell,

(if.vj ******** /

And still from hoem abroad I braek my braine. f

Little or no record is left of his wife and home. She
was alive in 1579, but without issue by him.1

At home, after this marriage, he could not long resit,
but "to the Avars he went." Again his steps were directed
to the Netherlands, which continued to be the scene jof
conflict between the Duke of Alva and the Prince of
Orange. Churchyard and the English were engaged at
the siege (for the second time) of Tergoas (Tergues) as
" stipendarie, hired souldiers." A bold attack wa s
made by Captain Thomas Morgan, but, the town behig
bravely defended by the Spaniards, the attacking for be
were repelled with loss, and, after 200 English aAd.
French soldiers were drowned or slain in battle, the sie^e
was raised. After spending six months in " greafee
seruice sondrie tymes," Churchyard was wounded aifid
taken prisoner. This was in 1570. He was recognised
as the soldier who had taken such a prominent part in
the insurrection at Antwerp, and only escaped death
by a remarkable deliverance. \

He was " clapt up closely as a spie " and condemned
to lose his head, and, as the day drew near that lie
should " dye by marciall lawe," he seems to have giveln
up hope. Fortunately for him, on the day appoint e
for his execution, when the scaffold was erected, and
the people swarming in the streets, " a noble dame his
respite cravd, and spake for hym so feare," that thffi
Marshall of the camp listened to her address. Church-

1 He writes in another place, that his married state was not
happy one, and, quoting an old proverb, he writes :

But haste makes wacst, for he was wived indeed ,
God &end all souldiers in their age, some better luekc at ncede.

THOMAS CHURCHYARD.

29

yard was pardoned, his wants well supplied, his purse
! filled by the same generous hand which begged his life.
{ He returned home once again, only to rest for a short
time, before he (probably for the last time) again entered
on the scene of strife, for neither this hair-breadth escape,
nor the experience of his previous campaigns, could keep
\ him at home whilst the Netherlands were the scene of
these unhappy wars, or Protestantism there continued
to be persecuted. He was engaged in the defence of
iZutphen, which was taken by Frederick, son of the
yDuke of Alva, about November 21st, 1872. Church-
yard does not seem to have been present at the siege of
JEIarlaem,1 which lasted till August, 1573 ; but, after
i*Zutphen, he seems to have retired from the battle strife,
|iaving, for 30 years, followed the sound of the drum,
with, no advantage to himself, for it left him " wasted
cleane. "

j It may be well here to print an extract from
one of Churchyard's Works, published in 1596, A
Pleasant Discourse of Court and Wars. In the
dedication to Sir George Gary, he recapitulates the
yarious sieges and conflicts in which he was engaged,
the principal commanders under whom he served, and
other officers present : —

First, at Lawndersey, Sir Thomas Wyet, Wallop, Bellmgharm
'and many more knights there. Then at Bollain, the Lord
Poynings, Sir Rafe Elderkar, Sir James Crofts, and other
knights there. The Lord Gray, at Giens, Sir Harry Palmer,
Sir Lewis Dyue, Sir Richard Bray, and many more there. At
Hams, the Lord Dudley, and many gentlemen there. At
Callis, the Lord Haward, Sir William Drury, Sir Anthony
Ager, Sir Thomas Cornwallys, and a number of knights and
gentlemen there. In Flaunders, Sir Anthony Stiirley, Captaine
/ Matson, Sybyll, Horssey Ieynks, Plonket, Hynde, and many
\ more captaines there. At Metts, in Lorraine, Captaine Farnam,
! and in that towne the Lord Admirall that now is, I being
without with sundry English gentlemen there. In France,

1 It is of interest to observe that at this siege Captain Barnaby Kieh
and Captain George Gaseoigne occur in Churchyard's narrative as
being present as " Voluntaries."

30

THOMAS CHURCHYARD.

Captaine Krayar, Sutton, Twytty Blunt, Dryuar, and numbers |
of captaines there. In Scotland, where I was taken prisoner,
Sir William Winter, Sir William Woodhouse, and many knights
and captaines there, the Lord Clynton, our Admirall, then.
At Burty Cragge, Sir John Luttrell. At Dondee, Captaine
Marry Church, and sundry gentlemen there. In Haddington,
Sir James Wilford, Sir Arthur Manering, and many other
knights and captaines there. In Lawtherfort, Sir Hue
Wyllowby, Captaine Colby, Captaine Hales, and many more
there. In Ireland, Sir William Bellingam, Sir Anthony
Sellenger, Sir Henry Sydney, Sir James Crofts, all these then
deputies, and many knights and captaines there at their com-
manndment. In Antwerpe, after these things, myselfe the
chiefe captaine there then. In Brabant, Zeland, and Holland,
vnder Sir Thomas Morgan, Sir Humfrey Gylbart, and sundry
knights, there serving a great season. In Scotland, before,
under the Lord Gray, at the siege of Leeth, where Sir William.
Pellam, Sir George Haward, Sir Andrew Corbet, and a number
of knights were, besides many captaines and gentlemen of
good woorth. In Gyens, when it was lost, a captaine myselfe;
and taken prisoner under the old Lord Gray, Sir Harry
Palmar, Master Cripps, and other captaines there. In Ireland,
again, under Sir Harry Sydney, when Sir Harry Harrington^
Sir Edward Moore, Sir Nicholas Bagnall, and a great com-(
pany of knights and captaines were, from whom I went to
the noble Earle of Ormond. In Garnzey, with Sir Thoma^
Leigliton, in good credit, and charge a good while. In Antwarpej
again, when Sir John Norris, Sir Thomas Morgan. Sir EdwarcX
Hobby, and a number of honorable personages brought over
Monsieur thither. \

We have still to follow Churchyard for 32 years of
his eventful life, occupied chiefly with the pen, although,
as will be seen, many times in danger from various
causes, and as Chalmers suo;o;ests, subsisting by his
studious labours amidst the feverish vexations of a .
shrewish wife. We soon find Churchyard at Court,
and, in 1574, when the Queen visited Bristol, accom-
panied by the Earl of Leicester, Sir Christopher Hat ton,
and the officers of her household, he followed in her
train, and wrote an account of " the whole order, ho we
oure Soveraigne Lady, Queene Elizabeth, was receiued
into the Citty of Bristow, and the speeches spoken
before her presens at her entile/' The pageant, which

THOMAS CHURCHYARD.

31

extended over two days, was very ingeniously arranged
by Churchyard, to give the Queen an idea of skir-
mishing and military assault both on land and water,
and was accompanied by various " showes " and divers
speeches, which, the first day occupied so long, that the
Queen had to go to her lodgings by torchlight. The
Queen was so marvellously well pleased by this pageant,
which must have been one of an expensive character,
that when it was over she sent 200 crowns to make the
soldiers occupied in it " a banket." When published,
this work was dedicated to Sir Christopher Hatton,
Churchyard's firm friend.

In 1574, Queen Elizabeth intended to visit Shrews-
bury, but the visit, from various causes, was postponed.
In the next year the promise of the visit was renewed,
but, owing to some " deathe within a four myles of
the same, she cam no further than Lychefilld." In
anticipation of this event, Sir Henry Sidney had re -
commended Churchyard to the authorities of the town,
to prepare a pageant, or show, similar to those he had
arranged at Bristol, and the following entry, in the
Years Account of the Bailiffs, will be interesting : —

Geven Mr. Churchyard in rewarde, beinge sent unto us by
my Lorde P'sident with letters conc'ninge the cominge of the
Queen's M&tie to this towne by the assent of the aldermen
and counsellors, £3 6d. Sd.1

In 1576 we hear of Churchyard at Brussels, whether
he was sent or not cannot be said, to witness the meeting
of Ambassadors to arrange a peace (which was con-
firmed in January and February, 1577) for these un-
happy countries, and took part in the rejoicings thereat.
He tells us that " A peace was concluded, and for the
joy thereof, I saw a generall Procession in Bruzels . .
which made suche a shewe, and reached suche a length
in the streets, and tarried so long there, as was a
wonder to beholde." The peace was but of short
duration, for civil war broke out again the same
summer, but our poet returned to England.

1 Owen and Blakeway's History of Shrewsbury. Vol. 1, p. 3G2.

32

THOMAS CHURCHYARD.

In 1578 Churchyard was summoned to arrange a
series of pageants at Norwich, on the occasion of the
visit of the Queen to Norfolk and Suffolk, and, being
ably seconded by Sir Robert Wood, then Mayor of
Norwich, he was enabled for several days to bring forth
a fresh • ' inuention " each day which mightily pleased
the Queen so much that after one of these pageants she
cried out, " This Deuice is fine." A closing pageant was
given at the gates of the city, the Queen bearing with
her such a good opinion of the loyalty of the citizens
that, after knighting the Mayor, she is recorded to
have said, "Farewell Norwich," with the water standing
in her eyes.

Up to 1580 Churchyard was engaged in writing and
publishing many of his numerous works, but in that
year he was obliged to seek shelter in Scotland.1 Here
he was made use of by Elizabeth's agents to sooth the
King of Scotland, who was (for causes which need not
here be named) at variance with the English Court.
That he succeeded in doing so, we may gather from the
King's Treasurers Accounts, in 1580-1, for there is
the following item : " Paid to Thomas Churchyard,
Inglishman, conform to the K. precept; as the same,
and the said Thomas acquittance, bear 200/. Scottish
money,"' which was then as eight to one of the English..2
Churchyard was also sworn at the Council Board of
Scotland, but he denies ever being false in any way to
his country. \

The following part of a letter from Lord Hunsdon;
Governor of Berwick, to Secretary Walsinghamj

1 The offence committed by Churchyard, and which caused him to-
seek this shelter^ is uncertain, but Chalmers believes, with good
reason, that it was a passage in his Choice, when he speaks too bluntly
u of our sovereign ladie's great regard to soldiers who had gone from
court with full hands that began with empty purses." The whole
paragraph, which is too strongly expressed, must have given great dis-
gust to a court which affected much extreme delicacy, amounting even
to remarkable prudery.

2 Chalmers, p, 85.

THOMAS CHURCHYARD. 33

reveals something of Churchyard's treatment in Scot-
land : —

Poore Churchyarde, who went thither for succor, and was
well used theare for a tyme, hathc not only bene despigktfully
used with speeches of a nomber, but was shotte att and hitt
twise in one daie with a stronge bowe and a leaden pellctt,
which would have killed him if hee had bene hitt either in the
face or any parte of the heade, whereof lie coraplayncd to the
Kinge, but the doers could neither be founde nor hearde off,
though they were knowne well inoughe, and onto of whose
wvndowe they were shotte.

"iAnd the next daie hee was shotte att with a harquabuse,
and my st very narrowly, wheruppon he askt leave of the Kinge
to , come awaie, which was easly and quickly graunted unto him ;
wheruppon, being at Aymouthe, hee Avrote to me to desier my
favour for the remayning in this towne, or in any other place
in th'est marches, untill hee might by freinds, procure her
Majestie's gracious pardon for his late facte, comitted by
chaunce and against his will, which 1 graunted unto him, and so
he, is here at this present. Att his coming out of Eddenbrughe,
the? Erie of Arran mett him in the street as hee was ryding to
Dalkeith, and askt him which waye hee mcnt to goe into
Englande, who awnsered that hee meant to goe by Barwicke, yf
I M,rould licens him so to doe ; wheruppon the said Erie of Arran
req\uiered, and willed him, and conjured him, as he protest to
be £i soldier, that hee would do a messuadge to me from him ;
and! that if hee would not graunt to do it, hee would save yt
opp'enly before all that presens, being two or three hundred
about them. Churchyarde aunserid him, — if it were a mes-
suadge that no waye toucht her Majcstie in honour, nor
oft'e nded me in the doing of yt, hee would shewerly doe yt ;
wheruppon the said Erie used thcis speeches to Churchyarde,
which hee hathe sett downe under his owne hande, which I
sonde you herwith.1

' This letter was dated at Berwick, this 28th day of
June, 1581. Churchyard delivered the message, which
was an indictment, as a dangerous and malicious man,
o f Archibald Douglas, who was received and protected
b|y Lord Hunsdon, at Berwick, and Lord Scrope, at
Carlisle, and who had been acting, the Scotch alleged,
in concert with Randolph to stir up mischief in Scot-
land.

1 From tho Jlarhy MSS.y No. C,999. Reprinted in Chalmers, p. 70.

Vol. hi. f

34

THOMAS CHURCHYARD.

The following letter was written by Churchyard to
Sir Christopher Hatton on his arrival at Berwick.1

Sir, — Having tried my uttermost fortune, and passed the fire
of affliction through a perilous pilgrimage, not void of many
deadly dangers and imminent mischiefs, I am now come pros-
trate in mind, and falling devout on my knees before my Lord
Governor of Berwick, submitting myself to the Queen's Majesty's
mercy, and my Lord's good favour, always hoping that your
Honor hath in mind the promise which I made you for a piecfe
of service that I meant, with hazard of my life to discover, fer-
tile discharge of my duty to my Prince and country, leaving
certain notes, by word of mouth, and also in paper, for thiit
purpose with you ; and yet, hearing no answer of sundry letters
which I sent you, after my great misfortune, I remained thrie
months in England, drawing myself down toward Scotland (hs
I wrote unto you) by the mean of Monsieur Mauvissiere, bf
whom I spake with you many times before my departure. Bi'it
when I was entered Scotland, I found things fall out far otherwise
than I looked for. And so I must either swear to be true to
the King in that extremity, or else depart, I know not whitlver.
If I had practised with Mr. Randall2 it had been present death! to
me ; besides, he disgraced me all he could ; and if I had written
to your Honor, I had surely smarted for it, so that sufferance arid
silence were my only succour. All which, notwithstanding! I
obtained license at length to make my supplication to tihe
noble Parliament House ; but I could find no messengers till
Sir John Seton went, whom I importunated daily to obtain jme
favour for my return home again. But God knoweth cv(ky
thing went awry, and I stuck fast in the stocks among ma ny
wild wolves and cruel tigers in the shapes of men, who would
have worried and torn me in pieces had not the King's good-
ness guarded me ; such is their uncivil manner and malice, and
such cankered stomachs they bear to an Englishman. I gaVc
the King a book before I departed thence, which manifested
much their rudeness. If I had tarried there never so littld)
longer, no doubt it had cost me my life ; but, God be thanked
for a fair escape, most miserable wretch that I am. How
cursed may I seem after all these storms if I have lost hei[*
Majesty's favor. I desire not to live longer than I may enjo}!
her good opinion. I crave no more for all my service than her

1 Reprinted in Life of Sir Christopher Hatton, p. 172-4, The
spelling is of course modernized j

2 This was tho notorious Thomas Randolph,

190SS71TH0MAS CHURCHYARD. 35

gracious countenance.; and, that not granted, I wish I were
either buried quick, or that the seas had swallowed me. I
never meant to offend her Highness willingly, I take God to
witness ; and when I was sworn at the Council Board of Scot-
land1 all the Lords can testify that I protested openly I would
never be false to the Queen's Majesty and my country. And
&;o, with a true face and clear conscience, I have humbled my
body and life to her mercy. Wherefore, as I have ever boldly
reposed my hope only in your honorable goodness, so I beseech
yW vouchsafe me some comfort, who still prayeth for the in-
crease of your good gifts of grace in preservation of honor. —
From Berwick, 23rd June, 1581, your Honours humbly at
commandment, Thos. Churchyard.2

' In Sir Christopher Hattoris Letter Booh is another
version of Churchyard's visit to Scotland. " This Mon-
sieur Mauvissiere was then the French Ambassador,
resident in England, who used Churchyard as a spy for
English news and advertisements of Court, and enter-
tained him with money to that end, and to do him some
service in that kind, he sent him into Scotland about
some exploit agreed on between them two, which was
the cause that Mr. Handall, the Queen's Ambassador at
that time in Scotland, much disliked his being there,
suspecting that lie was there for no good to the State
of England."3

Churchyard, soon after left Berwick, but it was only
to find himself in a worse place, the Marsh alsea, where
he was confined for, certainly more than a year.
Within three weeks, he writes again to Sir Christopher.
He had the misfortune, from some cause to slay a man,
and, being imprisoned and destitute, he writes the fol-
lowing letter : —

Sir, — Your honourable and courteous taking of my small
pains with the great regard which you had of my patience in
these troubles doth comfort me so much as my happiness in

1 A marginal note in Sir Christopher nation's Letter Jioolc says :
" Lie was sworn at the Council Board of Scotland to be true to the
King."

2 The original of this letter is in the Additional MSS., 15,891,
f. 64

3 Lift of Sir C. Hatton, p. 172.

36

THOMAS CHURCHYARD.

sending unto you, and your goodness in accepting my letters,
are at strife the one with the other which of them both do best
deserve the victory. But, finding it folly by late experience
to depend on fortune, and resting wholly upon God's direction
and on the goodness of my friends, your favorable acceptation
of my poor present doth richly reward me for my work, and
conquereth both my fortune and all other vain hope that mjr
presumptuous pen might give me. God, that worketh all
goodness by worthy instruments, hath offered me great good-
hap, and wrought a perfect means to restore me to liberty.
The man's wife, whose husband I slew, is contented to abandon
her suit, and henceforth to surcease her malice, so that I hope
I shall presently depart from prison, though not able (poor
wretch as I am) to depart with any money. The divers occa-
sions of expense in my restraint have taken from me the best
part of my purse, and only left me the bare strings to play
;vithal. I blush, being old, to beg ; and yet, not ashamed to
crave, being a courtier. A soldier should rather snatch than
stand at world's benevolence ; but no man appoints his own
portion, and men often fare the worse for snatching too boldly.
Well, I want, and how to get requires a cunning reach, and
then is simplicity but a very blunt hook to take that which
may supply a man's necessity. Why fear I my feebleness ? —
the fortunes of poets hath been ever poor and needy. Homer
had but one eye, and knew not when to dine. Ovid had two
eyes, and yet could see but few that did him good. Virgil,
Petrarch, Dante, Marshall, Marot, and many more were poor,
and rich, but not to continue ; and may not I presume, among
them, as poor as the best, and a writer not always among die
worst ? Though not a poet, yet one that hath used both sword
and pen with poet's fortune, as well as they, to my own hin-
drance. Your Honour seeth my defects, and may easily help
them when you please with some small remembrance of your
bounty and goodness. I write this, not to crave, but only
desire some means to enlarge me, the sooner to drive away this
indigence. Your Honour's servants, or Avhosoevcr please you,
may now be welcome and visit me when they will in this sweet
comfort and expectation of present liberty, and bring that
with them which a prisioner is glad to see, and will be ever
most joyfully willing to receive, whatsoever shall proceed from
your accustomed goodness, whom I commit to the grace cf
God. — From the Palace of Repentance, the 10th of July, 1581,
humbly at your Honour's commandment,

T. Ciiurciiyatid.1

1 Original is in the Add. MJSS.9 15,891, f. 60b. Life of .Sir C- Uattoi,
p. 17C.

THOMAS CHURCHYARD.

37

A few days after we find Churchyard writing again
to Sir Christopher, who seems always to have been a
kind patron to the old poet : —

To Sir Christopher Hatton.
My duty most humbly remembered.

Your Honour knoweth my calamity ; long letters pur-
chase small benefit, as the weight of my sorrow sheweth. God
and good men must help, and in the number of the good, yourself
is one, in my poor judgment, that may, and will do what may
most relieve me. 1 beseech you then, weigh my affliction, and
so work as the world may behold your integrity and upright
dealing to God's glory and your own immortal fame. I live in
misery, stained in credit, cut off irom the world, hated of some
that loved me, hoi pen of none, and forsaken, of all, for what
just cause, I know not. My distress is great, my calling simple,
and not able to avail anything without the assistance of your
goodness. For God's sake, bring me to my answer, and as you
shall see it fall out, my accusers can prove nothing against me.
Vouchsafe me speedy remedy, or, at the least, the justice of the
law and benefit of my country, and if I have failed of my duty
willingly, let me feel the price of it. I crave no pardon, but
humbly sue for favorable expedition ; for the which I appeal to
your honorable judgment, and pray for your good success in
all your desires. — From the Marshalsea, the 20th of July, 1581,
your Honour's, in all faithful devotion,

T. Churchyard.1
'No wonder the old man, who for the last 40 years had
le<d a rover's life, should feel the bands of a prison irksome,
and we cannot but feel that he had a clear, holiest con-
science to writ e such a letter, full of manly independence,
craving no pardon, but only complaining of the law's
uelay, and asking his accusers to state his offence. Yet,
jnis letter was unheeded, for again, nearly twelve months
(after, we find him writing from the same place, although

ithis time not on his own account : —
Thomas Churchyard, to Sir Christopher Hatton.
Right Honourable, — My boldness is great, and my hope in
Vour goodness not small, which makes mo the bolder to pro-
Sent this simple work to your honourable favor, humbly
Uesiring that it may be safely kept, though it be not the best

1

j 1 Add. MSS., 15,891, f. 03. Life of Sir C. Hatton, p. 180.

I

38

THOMAS CHURCHYARD.

liked, and yet I could wish that the best here living saw it. 1
am requested, by an honest gentleman, to present you a card
of his own drawing,1 if I may presume to entreat your favor-
able acceptat ion of it, you shall bind us both at once to honour and
serve you for it. The party seemeth to bear you singular affec-
tion, and only crave th that you will vouchsafe him the goodness
to know him. These respects, with the many good parts in him
(especially for navigation), make me bold to endeavour myself
to pleasure him, in presenting unto you his serviceable labors,
humbly praying your Honour to receive, in good part, his small
gift which he sendeth you, and hereafter to know and accept
of his offered good will, according to the honourable fame
which all men give you for your courtesy. And so, I beseech
God to increase his grace in your worthy person. — From the
Marshalsea, the 10th of July, 1582, your Honour's humbly
during life, T. Churchyard/ "

When Churchyard was released from prison can
scarcely be known. The Rev. T. Corser, in his Collect.
Ang. Poet, part 4, 371, alluding to the fact that
Churchyard was at Shrewsbury in 1574, to arrange the
pageants for Queen Elizabeth's expected visit, says he
was also there again in 1581, when he composed some
verses on the occasion of an entertainment, given to the
Lord President, Sir Henry Sidney. In Owen and
Blakeway's History of Shrewsbury, v. 1, pp. 371-2, we
find an account of this visit in April, 1581, and of the
concluding entertainment, on the 8th of May, when he
left the town by water, to celebrate which a pageant
was given on the island a short distance from the tovdn.
This has been often described, and is alluded to hep
only from the fact that the pageant is ascribed {o
Churchyard by the learned authors, with the remark.,
that perhaps it was intended originally for the Queen
herself on her proposed visit to the town. j

It is almost certain that Churchyard was not present;
on this occasion. He was in Edinburgh on June 2nd.
and had been there some time, as will be seen by the/

1 This was apparently a mariner's compass, drawn by some mathe-
matician, doubtless one of Churchyard's fellow prisoners.

2 Add. MSS. 15,891, f. Gib. Life of llattoii, p. 253.

THOMAS CHURCHYARD.

39

(letter of Lord Hunsdon, dated from Berwick, June
2 8 th, previously to which Churchyard had been staying
some time in Scotland. The probability is that Church-
yard had furnished the bailiffs, in 1574, with the
" Show," for which they paid him the sum previously
alluded to, and that, being disappointed in the Queen's
visit, they used the same, with perhaps some alteration,
oi\ the visit of Sir Henry Sidney, which was celebrated
at* Shrewsbury with great splendour.

Churchyard published nothing between 1580 and
15i84, when he issued his Scourge for Rebels. Another
letjter, in Sir Christopher llatton s book, is here given ;
it (is undated, but was most probably written very
shortly after he obtained his pardon. It is written in
an' honest, open spirit, but reveals the utter state of
destitution to which the old man was reduced, — Iris
hoVne forgotten, his wife, one whom he neither re-
spected nor cared for, and he himself, forsaken of
all} his friends : —

\ Thomas Churchyard, to Sir Christopher Hatton.

£>ir, — Though I am over- bold so often to write, yet, having
ill [hap, by God's visitations, and hoping your honourable
fav our will excuse this my hardiness, I have presumed as you
see\. to trouble you with these few lines. I trust now my long
suit* will shortly be answered to my desire, and I believe
assuredly that order was taken for my release before I fell sick ;
but J as t have ever seen and found, some takes the wood from
the/' fire when I seek most to be warmed; and yet all these
hii/iderers of hap cannot take away the love which I bear unto
m|y dear friends, nor appal no part of my honest mind. I
kinow it is miserable to crave, servitude to receive, and beggarly
tcj) want, which three afflictions my betters are visited with, an'd
mly inferiors cannot avoid ; but yet, I would it might have
pleased God that I had never known them. My late imprison-
n: ent is caused presently both of my necessity and gout ; God
fc rgive them that clipped my feathers, and hindered my health,
w hen I might have flown where I had listed. To come home
folr mercy, and have imprisonment presented to mo ; to serve
truly, and to be coldly considered ; to lie sick, and not visited,
is [a strange destiny ; but yet, much more strange, to live long
in I liberty, and no one man living to help me. Thus do I, poor

40

Thomas churchyard.

abandoned, wretched creature, bear the insupportable burthen,
of all sorrowful imaginations, as God himself knoweth best,
who send me health, and increase your Honour.

Thomas Churchyard.1 /
One more letter of Churchyard appears in the same
work. It is much earlier than those already given,
but, being undated, is given here : — f

Thomas Churchyard, to Sir Christopher Hatton,
Sir, — The duty I owe you, the friendship found, and nay
desire to continue in your favour, makes me watch occasion to
write and. seek such matter as may be delightful for the wortjhy
person to whom I send it. I have presumed to show you a
piece of the honourable entertainment that Monsieur and Jiis
princely company hath here received. I remit the circujm-
stances to this bearer, but cannot omit nryself to tell you h!ow

flad I am to see the people's affection to follow my Lord \of
feicester as it doeth, by means of his wonted courtesy. I dajre
boldly assure you he hath lighted such a candle, both for hojs-
pitality and noble train to all this country, that few or nope
can show the like, or come anything near him. The mar-
vellous dearth of victual, the greedy nature of this people, aijid
the hardness of all good things to be gotten, maketh fyis
honourable dealing shine the more, and seem in a manlier
wonderful ; the covetous cruelty of the common sort,, by thbir
eager biting at gold being such, as it were enough to eclipse
the brightness of a Prince's bounty. The prices of all things
are so extremely unreasonable, as I am persuaded a King s
purse would scarcely reach with ease to the performance/ of
that which we find his Lordship hath, with great good fajme
and commendation, most nobly discharged. You may thinlt it
strange that I dwell so long upon so small a matter, but, if y^u
were here to behold it in substance, you would pardon niy
pen, and think it worthy of a larger discourse. For my owP-
part, I am but a looker on, and a well wisher to those whom, o\f
rig] it, I reverence, and desire to serve all in faithful duty ; bujt
yet is there no man, that for the honour of his country, is morp
glad than I to see this spectacle of true honour and virtue iru
our nation, so far shadowing all others that would contend t|>
come near it. Now, I have betaken myself to this coursp
of service, my desire is here to leave my bones, the ratheij,
because I see my country hath no grave for a Church yaw?-

1 Ad. MSS., 15,891. Life of Hatton, p. 301-5.

THOMAS CHURCHYARD.

41

In furtherance of my intention herein, I must intreat boldly,
its I am wont, the mediation of your goodness by writing a
vord or two to my Lord of Leicester, to prefer me to the battle,
to the breach, or to some noble Seignior, whose service may
help me to find that which I have long sought for, and could
never, with contentation, obtain. The last reward of a soldier
is death, this do I desire, as a man that have made choice,
though unworthy of that profession. I seek no farm, I sue
foi no pension, nor I love not to live as an almsman. I covet
to die like a soldier and a true subject, as loath to live any
longer in misery, when I see the world waxeth weary of my
well doing. If I may entreat a few lines from you, I shall con-
ceive good hope to obtain my request, if not, I shall doubt I
am forgotten there, where virtue hath most bound me to bestow
my love and service. God increase your good fame, and make
you happy in his grace, and all other prosperity. — Your
Honour's, so bound in duty,

Thomas Chuechyaed.1
Soon after this, in 1587, Churchyard published his
wc ;k, by which he is chiefly known in Shropshire, viz.,
The Worthines of Wales, and which he dedicated to the
Queen. It is probable that by this time he had been
received with favor at the Court, and had a pension
giv him, for in the preface he writes, speaking of the
Qu i, " by whose bountie and goodnesse I a long while
have lived." At the time of the Armada, we find
Churchyard using his pen, leaving others, in the day
of England's peril, to draw the sword in its behalf.
In 1590 Churchyard was again in distress, through
the 1 disgraceful treatment of the Earl of Oxford, (Lord
Great Chamberlain of England), who, lodging with his
servants at the house of Mrs. Pen, and incurring a
de;bt of £25, induced his old servant, Churchyard,
to' become responsible for it. The Earl failing to
pay, Churchyard, to avoid arrest, went to the Sanctuary
at Westminster. It may be of interest to give Church-
yurds agreement in this matter : — 2

Good Mrs. Pen, — I have lovyngly and truelly dealtt w1
youe for the Earll off Oxford, a noble man off sutch worth, as

1i Life of Halton. Appendix pp. xxxvi.

2 From the Lansdownc MSS., vol. lxviii., No 118, 115.

Vol. in. G

42

THOMAS CHURCHYARD.

I wyll employe all I have to honor hys worthynes, so, towtch-
yng what bargayn I maed, and order taken from hys L.
own mowth for takyng som rowlms in your howse by quarttei,
after the raett of a howndreth pownds a yeer (wyth sutcii
necessesaryes as I can naem), I stand to thatt bargayn, knowyng
my good lord so noble (and of! suteh great t consitheracyon),
thatt he wyll perform whatt I promesed in the hyghest degi'e
off hys bownty, and becawse I allways am syckly and redely to
part from thys vayn lyeff, wold neither quyck nor dead se
youe a lozar by any off my dryffts, bargayns, or dojmgs. I ab-
soluettly heer, for the love and bono' I owe to my lord, bynd
mye selff and all I have in the world unto youe, for the sat/es-
fyeng off youe for the fyrst quarter's rentt off the rowlms my
lord dyd taek; and, further, for the coells, bylletts, fagotts,
beer, wyen, and any other thyng spentt by his honorable means
I bynd myself to answer, yee confessyng thatt napery and
lynnen was nott in any bargayn I maed with you for my lord;
whyeh, indeed, I knoe my lord's nobullness wyll consyther, so
Mrs. Pen, to sho myself honest in all my accyons, I yeld my
bodye, goods, and lyberte freely unto youe whyells you, do
lyve, to use by lawe and ryghtt, as reason is tyll my good lord
qo sytyesfye youe in all resonable poyntts and demands hee'rin.
In wytnes off thys my true meanyng, I putt to my hand and
seall to thys myen own wry thyng the syxtt off <Ii^arye
ensuyng the enttry and commyng off my lord ofen c°rc^
into your howse. — By me, ser

Thomas Churcl. J.

On the back— [The Seal cut off]

Maed and wrytten the syxtt off January, and delyvred as
my deed in the presens off Mr. Somnar, off' the Temple, Mr.
Harry Russell, off London, and Mr. Babtyst Hycks, off Cheap-
syed. )

Annexed to this letter is a formal bond, agreeing
in the main points with the agreement printed
above; it is witnessed only by Henry Russell, hut
it does not appear to have been duly executed by
Churchyard. \

In the same letters appears one also from Mrs. Pen, ; to
the Earl of Oxford, complaining of the way in which he
had left her, and calling on him to defray his d^bt
honourably, as he would have to answer for his doings* at
"that dredfull day." She seems unwilling to press

\

I THOMAS CHURCHYARD. 43

bhurchyard in the matter, for she writes she had no
Security " butt Mr. Churchyard's band, weche I wold
tye lothe to trobyll hym for your honor sake." Very
spon after, however, trouble him she did, for on taking
Sanctuary at Westminster, we find in the same collec-
tion (No. 115) a letter to Mrs. Pen : —

iGood Mrs. Pen,— I never dezarved your dyspleasuer, and
ha\ze maeel her MaHe understand off my band towtchyng the
earll, and for fear of restyng I lye in the sentuary, for, albeit
youe may favo' me, yett I kno I am in your clanger, and am
honest and true in all myen accyons. I iynd in courtt eawses
to forsaek it, and the realm to, yett wold ear I goe, see youe
and all my frynds well pleased — as knoweth God, who bles and
prdzarue youe to hys pleasuer. — Yours in all as becometh me
att com'andment, lovyngly,

' T. Churchyard.

Little more can be added as to Churchyard's life. It
would be unnecessary to refer in this sketch to the
different works published. The list of his works at the
end will give full particulars (gathered from many
sources) of the Avhole as far as can be ascertained. It is
a matter of doubt if Churchyard left England again.
In his Feast Full of Good Cheer, we find a piece, " The
Unhappy Man's deere Adewe, that finds nothing good
cheape but sorrow," in which, in his old age, he again
contemplates serving in the army, in order to relieve
his poverty, and in his Civil Wars of the Netherlands,
&c, writing of the memorable service of Sir John
Norice, at Brest, in Britaine, in 1594, he adds, " It may
be I giue not namelie to euerie man the honour he
deserued, but therein I excuse myselfe with my short-
nes in writing, and also my self being herein an actor,
my eye was not at leasure to note euerie man's
desert." If this be accurate, we find him at 74, still
engaged in warlike pursuits, but be this as it may, the
o d poet was busy with his pen for 10 years after this,
aid he, who was in trouble for his writings in the
ycuthful days of Edward VI., was still employed in like
pursuits, and lived long enough to publish A Paean
Triumphal, on the entry of King James I. into London,

I

I

\

44 THOMAS CHURCHYARD. j

J

and also in the next year, 1604, to publish his last'
production — A blessed Balm, to search and salve
Sedition. At the age of 84, tired with war's alarms,
and weary of his pen, the old poet lay down to his
last rest in Westminster, on April 1st, 1604, and was
buried near his favourite Skelton, in the choir of
St. Magaret's Church, on the 4th. Chalmers and
others write he left no Will, but in Collier's Bib-
liographical Account of Early English Literature
(vol. 1, p. vii., Notes and Corrections), we find the
following note : — \

We are obliged to Robert Cole, Esq., F.S.A., for the fol-
lowing copy of Churchyard's nuncupative will, dated only
a few days before his death ; it was obtained from ; a
dealer in waste-paper into whose hands it accidentally
came : —

" Thome Churchyard.

" Memorandum, the xxixth of Martch, Anno., 1604. — Thomas,
Churtchyard, Esquier, beinge of perfect mynde and memorye
did dispose of his worldly e goods as followeth, in the presence
of us, hearunder written : — Firste, he gave to his brother
Geordge the sume of xxli. All the reste of his goods
and chatties he gave unto Geordge Purslowe, whom he
made his executor, that hee should see him buryed like a
Jentlemane.

"P Me Nathaniell Mathewe,
"Gabriel Pope,

"The Marke of X Jone Moore,
"Silvester P Earlmus Marke."

"Proved 8th April, 1604."

" Bnried like a Gentleman." — The old man's wishes
were, no doubt, carefully carried out, and, after a life
of anxious care, with a share of dangers, troubles,
and sorrows, far above the ordinary run of human ex-
perience, tired, no doubt, with a long life of poverty
and hardship : —

No house nor land we bear away I know,
I naked came, and naked hence must goc —

He rests in that sleep to which he so often looked
forward when " troublesom world is don," relying as

/ THOMAS CHURCHYARD. 45

me did on that alone sure trust — a Saviour s Love, as he
Writes in one of his later works : —

\ And I from cage shall mount the skies,

1 More swift than bird with wing,

And flicker like a simple dove
Where shining angels sing.

I bring a badge and livery both,
That my good Master—Christ
Did leave for such as bear his cross
Through fogs of worldly mist.

In book of life, set right, good Lord,
My name among the rest,
That ordained were, ere world was made,
To sleep in Abraham's breast.

Having thus hastily arranged from many sources this
imperfect sketch of the old Poet's Life, it may be ex-
pected that some remarks on his numerous poetical and
prose Works will of necessity follow. This the writer
feels quite incompetent to undertake for two reasons.
1st. That the extreme rarity of many of Churchyard's
writings prevent the study of them ; and 2nd. That
even if his works were accessible, to justly criticise an
Elizabethan poet s writings requires special training and
fitness. It is, however, the writer s earnest hope that,
sooner or later, the works of Churchyard may be edited
and printed by some one with love for the work and
ability to execute it.

Instead, then, of this criticism of his poems, which
would be very instructive, if ably and impartially done,
the writer prefers to give a few extracts from different
writers as to the degree in which they held Churchyard
and his writings, simply suggesting that those who have
depreciated his talents the most may have had the
fewest opportunities of reading his different works.
Our Shrewsbury historians (Owen and Blakeway) have
written of his " supplying his usual contingent of frigid
conceits and bald rhymes." We think it will only
require I a very cursory glance at any of his works to
convince the reader that his writings deserve a far
hijlier place than they have given him. One thing

46 THOMAS CHURCHYARD.

may be noticed of Churchyard's writings, so far as the
writer has had the pleasure of looking over them (origina l
copies and reprints), and that is the freedom of them
from anything like indecent subjects or language,
which disfigure many writers of the Elizabethan and
subsequent ages. With one exception all the works at
present seen might be read from the originals before any
family with scarcely a word altered, whilst throughe it
them all there breathes the spirit of entire dependence
as a creature on its Creator, and the aspiration that
when the world's work and duties had been faithfully
done the " rest that remained ' would be the reward
for the life's conflict and troubles.

One quotation from Churchyard's works mentioned
by Chalmers (p. 203) is given as a direct contradic i(W
to the statement that his writings are " frigid conceits,"
inasmuch as it is brought into direct comparison with
one of the finest and most familiar passages of Shakes-
peare—

Had I served God, as well in every sort
As I did serue my king and master still
My scope had not this season been so short.
Nor world have had the power to do me ill.
But lo I lined against my Maker's will.

Chalmers writes " that Shakespeare must have seen
this passage, though his commentators have traced this
speech of Wolsey to his very utterance. Churchyard's
Challenge was published in 1593 ; Shakespeare's Henry
VIII. was written in 1613."

0, Cromwell, Cromwell,
Had I but served my God with half the zeal
I served my King, he would not in mine age
Have left me naked to my enemies.

Spenser thus writes of Churchyard in his Colin

Clouts come home again —

There is good Harpalus now waxed aged,

In faithful service of faire Cynthia (Queen Elizabeth),

And he is also designated by him in the same poem as
" Old Palemon," who had

Sung so long until quite hoarse he grew.

THOMAS CHURCHYARD.

47

Churchyard alludes to these lines in his Metrical Address
to the u Generall Reader," in his Charitie.

If ought amisse you find good Reader heere,
His fault it is, that sings ne sweet nor loud
When he caught cold, and voice could not be cleere,
Because ech note, is cloked under cloud.
He crau'd no helpe, nor stole from no man's song-
One peece, nor part, of musicke any way.

As a matter of personal interest we may quote what
Thomas Nash writes of Churchyard, of whom, amongst
others, Gabriel Harvey had fallen foul : —

Mr. Churchyard, our old quarrel is renewed. When nothing
else can be fastened on mee, this letter-leaper upbraideth me
with crying you rnercie. I cannot tell but I think you will
have a saying to him for it. Theres no reason that such a one
as lie should presume to intermeddle in your matters ; it can-
not be done with any intent but to stirre me up to write
against you afresh, which nothing under heaven shall draw
mee to doe. I love you unfainedly and admire your aged
Muse, that may well may be grandmother to our grand-
eloquentest Poets at this present. Sanctum et venerabile vetus
omne Poema. Shore's wife is young though you be stept in
yeares, in her shall you live when you are dead.1

In the Return from Parnassus,2 acted by the

Students of St. John's College, Cambridge, 1602, the

actors take in review the poets of the age, and amongst

all the bright list of Elizabethan Worthies is found the

name of Thomas Churchyard Esquier, next on the list

to William Shakespeare.

Ingenioso (a character in the play) —
Churchyard : —

Hath not Shores wife although a light skirts she

Given him a chast long lasting Memory.
Judicio (who answers every query of Ingenioso) —

No all light pamphlets once I linden shall

A Churchyard and a grave to bury all.

1 From Collier's Bibliog, Account, vol. i., note 1, p, 27.

2 Reprinted by E. Arber, Esq., F.S.A., in his English Scholars
L'bmry, one of the many re-issues published by him, most valuable
to all students of their country's literature, inasmuch as in them will
befound works of the greatest rarity, carefully edited, and with valuable

48

THOMAS CHURCHYARD.

In the prologue of the Mirror for Magistrates, pub-
lished in 1587, Baldwin says he was exhorted (by
Sackville, no doubt) to procure Maister Churchyarde to
" undertake and to penne as many of the remainder as
myghte be obtained ;J> and in the introduction to Jane
Shore, in the same work, Baldwin writes —

I now appearo to him that fyrst set mee forth, a writer of good
continuance, and one that dayly is exercised to set out
both matter tragicall and other prophane histories and varsies
whose name is Churchyard ; hee shall not only have the lame
of his own worke (which no man can deny) but shall likewise
have all the glory 1 can give him.

From the Calamities of A uthors, by I. Disraeli. Ed.
1812 :— e

The miseries of such an author, and the insolence and
penuriousness of his patrons, who would not return the poetry
they liked and would not pay for, may be illustrated by the
character of Thomas Churchyard, a poet of the age of Eliza-
beth, one of those unfortunate men who having written all
their days, lived a long life to complete their misfortune.
His muse was so fertile that his works pass all enumeration.
. . . . Yet Churchyard was no contemptible Bard, he com-
posed a National Poem, the Worthines of Wales, which has
been reprinted, and will be still dear to his Fatherland. . . .
He wrote in the Mirour of Magistrates the life of Wolsey
which has parts of great dignity, and the life of Jane Shore,
which was much noticed in his day.

The Kev. T. F. Dibdin, in his Library Companion,
pp. 687, 688, writes—

What is to be said of the strange and ofttimes incomprehen-
sible fecundity of the first of these poets, Churchyard. The very
titles of his works (all of which I will not venture to enumerate)
are perfect reflexes of the motley imagery of his mind. We have
his Ghif>s> his Choice, his Charge, Chance, Charity, Challenge, and
I know not what. An historian, a controversalist, a translator,
and an original poet, we are alternately bewildered by the
variety of his performances, and astounded at the enormous

notes, at nominal prices, thus enabling even the poorest to poss(SS
choice works, which, if evon reprinted previously, have been donoso
by Societies whose issue were alike limited and costly, a mistake whch
it is ventured to assert the next generation will correct.

THOMAS CHURCHYARD.

49

prices which the greater part of them produce. It is in vain
you depreciate, ridicule, and run down the black letter slim
qaartos in which the poetry of Churchyard is usually cased.
. . . . But enough of Churchyard, and yet I question if
anyone possesses a perfect set of his works, and if so, whether
they would not produce 200 sovereigns — supposing them (as all
libraries are) destined to come to the hammer.

From Collectanea A nglo Poetica by the Rev. T. Corser
M.A., F.S.A.—

That very volum inous and once highly popular now neglected
Poet, Thomas Churchyard, was extremely fond of giving to
many of his works singular and whimsical titles commencing
with Letter C. Vol. 2, p. 354.

It is not our intention to insist much upon the merits of
Churchyard as a poet, but surely he who wrote the legend of
Shore's wife was something more than a mere rhymster.
. . . It was Churchyard's late, whether at home or abroad,
in peace or war, to be nearly always in a state of poverty, which
urged him to write, like some others of his time, too much on
the spur of the moment and often very indifferently. But
there is a simplicity and straightforwardness, a truth and good
sense in some of his writings which are quite refreshing, and
although deficient in invention render them deserving of notice.
P. 359.

J. Payne Collier, Esq., F.S.A., in his Bib. Account of
Early Eng. Literature —

Churchyard is not a poet who possesses any imagination, nor
are his thoughts novel or striking ; his language is often below
his subject, but his versification is usually flowing and his
reflections frequently just and natural.

In the List of Poets mentioned in the Wits' Treasury
by F. Meres, M.A., we find Churchyard's name asso-
ciated with Spencer, Daniel, Sidney, Shakspeare,
Gascoyne, and other writers. We now perceive, says
Chalmers, that the poetaster (as Malone calls him) was
honourably ranked by a competent judge among the
great poets of his age ; among some such poets as have
not been equalled, and wall not be surpassed. If from
the elevation of Meres, we bring down Churchyard to
the standard of Puller, we shall find that as a poet ei he
may run abreast with any of that age, writing in the

Vol. hi. h

50

THOMAS CHURCHYARD.

beginning of Elizabeth's reign." Chalmers also reprinting
one of Churchyard's poems, written by hirn in the
Paradise of Dainty Devices, 1576, writes —

This elegant Poem would alone justify the standard of
Fuller, that Churchyard's muse might run abreast with the
noble coursers which tried their speed over the delightful
downs of the Dayntie Devises. If other proof were wanting, it
might be found in the many commendatory verses which
Churchyard supplied to the numerous works of poetry, or of
learning, throughout the long reign of Elizabeth. P. 52.

Two more short extracts from our own times will
close the list, the first from the Preface to the Worthines
of Wales, reprinted by the Spencer Society, signed by
President James Crossley, Esq., than whom none living
can better give an opinion on the subject —

A complete collection of the Works of Thomas Churchyard,
reprinted in exact conformity to the original edition, has long
been felt to be a great desideratum.

The second (kindly forwarded me by a friend) from
one of the Rev. Dr. Grosart's, F.S.A., privately printed
works, in which he gives his valuable opinion as to
Churchyard's writings —

A complete collection of his works is an urgent desideratum.
Only crass ignorance speaks lightly of his unique genius, as I
hope some day to show.

We venture to hope that this day may not be far
distant. In such able hands the editing and reprinting
of the works of the old Sln-opshire Poet would have the
loving care of one who has rescued from oblivion many
rare gems, and whose ability any of those who have
the privilege of possessing his privately printed
Editions of old authors, can readily bear testimony too.

It only remains to be added that the following list
of Churchyard s works is that of Hazlitt in his valuable
Bibliography of Old English Literature, with many
additions and notes gathered from many sources. The
writer has to acknowledge the valuable help rendered
by many friends in Iris endeavour to print in the pages
of the Transactions oj the SJiro^shire Archceological

THOMAS CHURCHYARD.

51

Society, the most complete list which has yet appeared
together with the prices they have realised at
notable sales, and where at present it is believed copies
are to be found of the many productions of the old
Shropshire Poet. Thomas Churchyard.

APPENDIX.

BIBLIOGRAPHICAL LIST OF THE WRITINGS
OF THOMAS CHURCHYARD.

1. — A Myrrour for Man where in he shall see the myserable
State of thys worlde. Finis quod. Thomas Churschard.1 God Save
the Kyng. Imprynted at London, by Robert Toye, dwellynge in
Paule's Churche yarde, at the sygne of the Bell. Cum priviiegio ad
Imprimendum Solum.

4to. 3 leaves. Printed before 1553. Probably in the reign of Edward VI.
Hcbcr p. 1, 4, £5. 15s. Gd. This was the copy which is described in Dibdin's
Lincoln Nosegay, No. xvii.

Churchyard published The Mirror and Manners of Men in 1594, but this
was a different work.

2. — Davy Dycar's Dreame. Finis quod. T. Churcharde.
Imprynted at London, in Aldersgate strete, by Rycharde Lant. A poem
of 28 lines only on a sheet. This opened up the celebrated contro-
versy between Churchyard and Caniell, Reprinted afterwards in his
Chance.

As an illustration of Churchyard's early poetry, and behi£ likewise a piece
with which his name is well known, this piece is reprinted here : —

When faithe in frcendes bcare finite, and foolishe fancies fade,
And craftie catchers come to nought, and hate greate loue hath made;
When fraude flicth farre from toune, and loitrers leaue the feelde,
And rude shall runne a rightful race, and all men be well wilde,
When gropers after gaine, shall carpe for common wealthe,
And wilie woorkers shall disdaine, to figge and Hue by stealthe ;

This is a printer's fault, for Churchyard never spelt his name thus.

52

BIBLIOGRAPHICAL LIST OF THE

When wisedome walkes a loft and follie sitts full lowe,
And vertue vanquishe pampred vice, and grace beginns to growe,
When Justice ioynes to truthe, and Lawe lookes not to meede,
And bribes helpe not to builde faire bowrs, nor giftes greate glottons
feede,

When honger hides his hedde, and plentie please the poore,

And niggards to the needie men, shall neuer shut their doore.

When double darke dcceipt, is out of credite worne,

And faunyng speeche is falshed founde, and craft is laught to scorne ;

When Pride which pickes the purse, gapes not for garments gaie,

Nor Jauels weare no veluet wcdes, nor wandring witts beare swaie,

When ritches wrongs no right, nor power poore put backe,

Nor couetous creepes not into Court, nor learned liuyng lacke ;

When slipper sleights are seen, and farre fetches be founde,

And priuate profite and self loue, shall bothe be put in pounde.

When debt no Sergeant dreeds, and Courtiers credite keepe,

And might mells not w' Merchandise, nor lordes shall sell no sheepe ;

When lucre lasts not long, and hourd great heaps doeth hate,

And euery wight is well content, to walke in his estate.

When truthe doeth tread the streats, and liers lurkc in den,

And. Rex doeth raigne and rule the rost, and weeds out wicked men ;

Then balefull barnes be blithe, that here in Englande wone,

Your strife shall stint I yndertake, your dreadfull daies are done.

3. — A playn and fynall confutacion of cammell's coiiike
oblatracion. Finis q. Thomas Churchyard. Imprinted in Fleet
strit, by Wyllyam Gryffyth, a lyttle aboue the Condit, at the syne of
tlio Gryffyn.

Two leaves, 200 lines on one sheet. Soc. of Antiquaries of London.

4. — The Svrreioindrc vnto Camel's reioindre. Finis. Thomas
Clmrcharde, Imprinted at London, in Aldcrsgate strete, by Rycharde
Lant.

A sheet. Soe. of Antiquaries of London.

5. - — A Replicacion to Camel's obiection. Finis. Quod.
Thomas Churchard. Imprynted by Rychard Lant.

A Poem of 118 lines in couplets. Soc. of Antiquaries of London.

G. — An Epitaph upon the death of Kyng Edward. Imprinted
at London, in Holburne, nere the Condite, at the sigue of the Sarsin's
head, by Iolm Charlewood and Iolm Tysdale.
A sheet, without any author's name, 15 six-line stanzas.

7. — Churchy arde's Farewell. Finis qd. Church yarde.
Printed at London, in Fleet e Strecte, for Edwarde Russell.

A Broadside. Britwell.

Sold with five other Ballads, at Heber's sale, pt. 4, 377, for £13 10s.

8. — The Contention bottwyxte Churchycard and Camells
vpon Dauid Dyccr's Dreamc, sett out in such© order, that it is bothe

I

WRITINGS OF THOMAS CHURCHYARD. 53

wyttye and profitable for all degryes. Rede this littell comuni-
cation betwene Churchyarde, Camell, and others mo. Newlye im-
printed at London, by Owen Rogers, for Mychcll Loblee, dwelynge in
Paul's churchyeard. Anno. MDLX., 4to, 28 leaves.

Hebcr, pt. 4, 354, £9. 9s. George Stevens' copy, £5. 15s. 6d. Bagford
states that there was an edition in 4to, 1565, and Lowndes quotes the same
edition, and that Stevens' copy, with curious MS. notes, realised £4 9s.
Hazlitt says that nobody has ever seen this edition. Collier, in his Bib, .
Catalogue, writes that he never heard of more than one copy of each edition.

This work contains the 17 different pieces, nearly all of which were published
as broadsides, and are now in the Library of the Society of Antiquaries of
London.

9. — The domendation of Musyke by Churchyarde. Licensed
to W, Griffith in 1562.

10. — The Lament acion of Freyndshyp. Finis. Imprinted at
London, by Thomas Col well, for Nicolas Wyer. In couplets. Britwell.

A broadside. It is reprinted in Mr. Collier's Roxburgh Ballads, 1847,
from a different impression ; but Mr. Collier's copy wanted the imprint, if it
ever had any. At the end is " T. Churchyard." lleber, pt. 4, 355, £3. 13s. Gd.
Another edition, printed by Colwell, and live other broadside ballads, by
Churchyard, sold in Heber's sale, pare iv., 377, for £13. 10s.

11. A great'ter thanks for Churchyardes welcome home. Finis
(qd.) Playne Churchyarde. Imprinted at London, in Little Britain,
by Alexander Lacy, for Art hour Pepivel.

A broadside, containing 14 stanzas. Britwell.

Sold with rive other ballads at Heber's, part 4, 377, £13. 10s.

12. — The Fantasies of a troubled manne's head. Finis.
T, C. Licensed to Alexander Lacy in 156;?.

A sheet (1566). II, Huth, Esq.

13. — A ballet, intituled, admonition agaynste dice playe.
Licensed to Thomas Colwell in 15GG-7.

14. — An Ephethappe of Captain Randall. Licensed to W.
Griffith in 15=60. Reprinted in Churchyard's Chance, 1580.

15. — AnEpetaphe of the Worthy Lady, my Lady Knowelles.
Licensed to Richard Jones in 15G8.

Attributed on conjecture to Churchyard, who, in 1596, published The

Sad and Solemne Funeral I of Sir Francis Knowlcs.

1G. — The Epitaphe of the honorable Earle of Penbroke,
Baron of Cardiffe, and Knight of the most noble order of the garter,
who dyed Lord stueward of the Queene's majestie's household and of
her privie Counsel!. Quoth Churchyard. Imprinted at London, in
Flete streat, by William Gryffyth, 1570, March 27.

A VERSE OF FAREWELL.
I lost a friend, you lost no lessc, who least lost, lost too much ;
Who tookes to light upon the tyke, in Court shall find fewe such.

A broadside. Britwell,

Sold with live other ballads of Churchyard's, at Heber's sale, part 4, 377,
£13. 10s.

54

BIBLIOGRAPHICAL LIST OF THE

17. — Come, bring in Maye with me,
My Maye is fresh and greene,
(A Subiecte's harte, an humble mind)
To serve a mayden Queene.

A Discourse of Rebellion, drawne forth for to warne the wanton
wittes how to kepe their heads on their shoulders. Finis. Quoth
Churchyard. Imprinted at London, in Flete Streat, by Wylliam
Griffith. Anno Domini, 1570, the first of Maye,

8vo., black letter, 4 leaves, in verse.
Heber, pt. 4, 311 in 1834, £5.

18. — A Farewell, eauld Churcheyeard's rounde,
From the Courte to the Cuntry grownd.

Finis, quod. T. Churcheyeard. Imprinted at London, &c, by
Wylliam Gryffith.

A broadside, containing nine stanzas. Sold at Heber's sale with five other
Ballads, pt. 4, 377, £13. 10s.

19. — The firste parte of Clrurchyardes CMppes, contayning
twelue seueral Labours. Deuised and published, only by Thomas
Churchyard, Gentilman. Imprinted at London, in Flete Streate,
near unto Saint Dunstane's Church, by Thomas Marshe, 1575.

Contents : —

1. The Siege of Leeth.

2. A Farewell to the Worldc.

3. A Fayned Fancie of the Spyder and the Gowte.

4. A Dollful Discourse of a Lady and a Knight.

5. The Rode into Scotlande by Sir William Drewry, Knight

(prose).

6. Sir Symond Burley's Tragedie.

7. A Tragicall Discourse of the unhappy Man's Life.

8. A Discourse of Vertue.

9. Churchyeardes Dreame.

10. A Tale of a Fryer and a Shuemaker's Wife.

11. The Siege of Edenborough Castle.

12. The whole order of the receiving of the Queenes Majestie into

Bristowe.
4to black letter.

Heber in 1834, pt. 4, 356, £8 15s. Jolley in 1843, £7. 10s. Biblo Anr/lo.
Poct.,£l'2. Filllngham, £14 14s.

19b.. — Tbe first part of Cliivrchyarde's Chippes, contayninge
twelve severall Labours. Deuised and published onlye by Thomas
Churchyard, Gentleman. Imprinted at London, in Fletstrete, neare
unto Sainct Dunstone's Churche, by Thomas Marshe, 1578. Dedi-
cated to the Right Worshiful his tryed and worthy friend Mayster
Chrystopher that ton, esquyer.

4to black letter. Title etc. 4 leaves ; felines 1-114. Bodleian.
Saunders in KS1S, £14. 14s. G. Charmers, 1S42, pt. 1., No. 960, £6. Heber's
copy, pt. 4, 357, £6. 16s, Cel. Gardner, July, 1654, £15.

WRITINGS OF THOMAS CHURCHYARD.

55

Of the contents in this book, Nos. 2, 4, G, 7, appeared again in Churchyard's
Challenge. No. 12 lias been reprinted in the 1st vol. of Nichols's Progresses
of Queen Elizabeth. No. 7 in Bliss's Bibliog, Miscell, 1813. The entire
work is in Collier's Blue Scries. No second part of the Chippes was ever
published, although his Choisc may be considered as such second part, for in
the Dedication of his Choisc to Sir Christopher Hatton, he alludes to the
promise in his Cfvippes to present another work, which hath been long of
comrayng out.

An earlier edition of the date of 15G5 is noticed by Ritson.

20. — A lamentable and pitifull Description of the wofull
Warresin Flaunders since the foure last yeares of the Emperor Charles
the Fifth his raigne. With a briefe rehearsall of many things done
since that season, vntill this present ycare, and death of Don Iohn.
Written by Thomas Churchyarde, gentleman. Imprinted at London,
by Ralph Newberie, Anno. 1j7S.

4to, partly black letter.

Dedicated to Sir Thomas Walsingham. Dedication, then the lamentation
of Flaunders, in verse, which with the narrative occupy 72 pages, and three
pages of verse after. Brit. Mas.

This work, like his Discourse of the Governors of the Netherlands, is not so
rare as his other works, but is full of interest. Several quotations from this
work are given in Churchyard's Life preceding this, and the whole work must
have been a valuable record of events during the long and tedious wars in
the Netherlands, in which Churchyard spent the best years of his life, and
filled so important a part.

Heber's copy pt. 4, No. 353, £4. Gs. ; other copies have been sold at prices
ranging from £3. 13s. 6d. to £7. 7s.

21. — The Miserie of Flavnders, Calamitie of Fraimce, Mis-
fortune of Portugal!, Vnquietnes of Irelande, Troubles of Scotlande, and
the Blessed State of Englande. Written by Tho. Churchyarde, gent.,
1579. Imprinted at Loudon, for Andrew Maunsell, dwellyng in
Paules Churchyard, at the signe of the Parret.

4to, 21 leaves. Dedicated to the Queen. Brit. Museum,
In the Dedication of Churchyard's Wofull Warrs in Flounders (No. 20) he
promises to set forth a worke, called The Calamitie of France, the bloodg
broylcs of Germany, the persecution of Spayne, the misfortune of Portingale,
the troubles of Scotland, the miscric of Irclande, and the blessed slate of
England. This was published in 1570, under the title as set forth above.
The Rev. T. Corser writes in his Collectanea Anglo-Poctica, that this is one of
the rarest of Churchyards pieces. Heber s copy fetched at his sate, £13. 13s.
Only three copies are known. This work was reprinted in fac-simile in 1S7G,
by Adnitt and Nauntoh, Shrewsbury.

22. — A Generall Rehearsall of Warres, wherein is tine hundred
seuerall seruices of land and sea ; as sieges, battailles, skirmiches and
encounters. A praise and true honour of soldiours ; a proofe of
perfite Nobilitie ; a trial! and first erection of Heraldes ; a discourse
of calamitie ; and joyned to the same, some Tragedies and Epitaphes,
as many as was necessary for this firste booke ; all whiche woorkes
are dedicated to the right honourable Sir Christopher Hatton, Knight,
vize Chamberlain, Capitain uf the gard, and one of the Queenes
Maiesties priui Counsail. Written by Thomas Churchyard, gentleman,
1570. Imprinted at London, for Edward White, dwellyng at the
little North dooro of Paules Churche, at the singne of the Gunne.

56

BIBLIOGRAPHICAL LIST OF THE

4to., black letter, pp. 240. Brit. Mus.—H. II nth, Esq.
The running title of the work is Cliurchyardes Chaise, and is in fact the
Sequel to the Chippcs, 1575 and 1578.
Heber, pt. 4, 3G0, £4. 10s. Jolley, 1843, £11. Midgely, £9. 19s. 6d.

This work is partly in prose, and contains : —
Chap. 1-2. Relation of Wars by Sea and Land abroad, and in Ireland.
Henry VIII.— Eliz.

3. An abstracte of the aucthoritie and entertainmente, that was giucn

and comnmtted by the honorable Sir Henry Sidney, Knight, Lord
Deputie of Ifelande ; to Sir Humphrey Gilbert, Knight, duryng
the tyme of his continuance and seruice in Minister, in Irelande.

4. A Mirrhor for rebelles to looke into.

5. A. small rehearsall of some speciall seruices in Flaunders.

6. A description or discourse that deciareth how that by tastyng of

miseries men become happie.

The Verse portion contains : —

1. Apitefull complaint in matter of a Tragedie of Seignior Anthonio dell

Dondaldoes' wife.

2. A heauie matter of a Englishe Gentleman and a Gentlewoman.

3. A Pirate's Tragedie.

4. A Letter sent from the noble Earlc of Ormondes house at Kilkennie

to the Honourable Sir Henry Sidney Knight.

5. The Epitaplie of the rare vertuous Prince (and towardes Impe of

Grace) Kyng Edward the sixte.

6. The Epitapne of the worthie Earle of Essex.

23. — A Prayse and Reporte of Maister Martyne Forboisher's
Voyage to Meta Incognita (a Name giuen by a miglitie and most
great Personage), in which praise and reporte is written diuers
discourses neuer published by any man as yet. Now spoken of by
Thomas Cliurcliyarde, gentleman, and dedicated to the right hon-
orable M. Secretarie Wilson, one of the Queenes Maiesties most
honorable Prmie Counsell. Imprinted at London, for Andrew
Maunsell, in Paules Churchyard, at the signe of the Parret. (At the
end is added) the tenth of Maye, 1578.

12mo., black letter, 23 leaves. Brit. Mm.
Sold at Heber s sale, pt, 4, 312.

This is a tract of the greatest rarity, and peculiarly interesting, from the
mention it makes of all our early discoverers, as Sir Hew Willobie, Maister
Hawkins, and Maister Jenkinson, Chancclar, and Borrowes, which Chancelar
especially was the oddc man of his tyme for matters touchyng the sea. The
notice of Cabot, who is always called Gabotha, seems particularly worthy of
attention. Bill. Heber.

24. — A Discovrse of the Queenes Maiesties entertainement in
Suffolk and NorlYolk : with a description of many things then presently
scene, Deuised by Thomas Chvrchyarde, gent., with diners shews
of his own inuention, sette out at Norwich : and some rehearsal of
Hir Highncsse retourne from Progresse. Wherevnto is adioyned a
commendation of Sir Humfrey Gilbert's ventrous iourney. Imprinted
by Henric Bynnemaii, seruante to the right lion. Sir Chr. Hatton,
Vi zch amberl ay n e (1579).

4to., 42 leaves, partly black letter.
Bodleian and British Museum.

WRITINGS OF THOMAS CHURCHYARD.

57

To the main subject matter is annexed on 4 leaves "A welcome home to
M. Martin Frobusher, and all those gentlemen and souldiers, that have bene
with him this last iourney in the countrey called (Meta Incognita) whiche
welcome was written since this Bookc was put to the printing, and ioyned to
the same 13ooke for a true testimony oi Olmrchyardes good will for the
furtherance of Mayster Frobusher *s fame."

Heber, pt. 4, 3(31, £8.

Mr. Heber had two copies of this piece, differing in the dedication altogether,
and in the Address to the Reader. In one the former was to Maister William
J arret, Attorney Generally &c., and in the second to M. Gilbert Gerard.
The variations in the two addresses to the reader were merely literal however.
The preliminary matter must have been printed twice.

" This tract refers to the Queen's Progresses in 1578. Churchyard tells us
that he, Henry Goldingham, and Bernard Garter, were employed to prepare
the shews, and that the productions of his coadjutors had already been
printed. The Welcome Home to Martin Frobisher is not mentioned in the
title page, and is wanting in more than one existing copy of this tract. As
Frobisher returned while it was printing, some copies were probably issued
without this addition." Bibl. Heber.

Heber, pt. 4, 362, £9. 15s. Od. Nassau, pt. 1, 836, £21. 10s. Gough,
1086, £4. 7s.

Reprinted by Nichols in the Boyal Pror/rcsses of Elizabeth and in the
Supplement to the modern edition of HoUnshed.

In the Address to the Reader Churchyard alludes to the intense interest
the Norwich people took in the visit of their Queen, and their courteous
behaviour, comparing it with " proude people (in other places who) will passe
by many of the Nobiiitie withoute mouing eyther cappe or knee, a stubborne
stoutenessc, and an vnmannerly disordered boldncsse, bredde vp and fostered
on the long familiaritie had with the noble men's seruants, and dayly view of
their maisters, with whiche sighte they are so cloyed and weeryed, thattheyr
duetie is forgotten, and vtterly reiected, that ought to be ashamed of abuse,
and shoulde vs more reuerente manners, if they would (to leauc oil* tliys
audacious fashion) but look on dyucrs Sheeres in this lande, as Lancasheere,
Chesheere, Shropshecre, and other Sheeres farre from the Court, they
might soone be learned to clappe on more eomelynesse and vse lesse
obstinacie."

25. — A Plaine or moste true report of a daungerous seruice,
stoutely attempted, and manfully brought to passe by English men,
Scottes men, Wallons, and other worthy soldiers for the takyng of
Macklin on the sodaino, a strong Citee in Flaunders : sette forthe
at large with 3peeiall pointcs to bee noted ; by Thomas Churchyard,
gentleman, 15S0.

^1 Imprinted at London by lhon Perm, dwellyng in Panics Church-
yarde, at the signe of the Angell.

8vo., 15 leaves, black letter, dedicated to Lord Xorrice. Bodleian..
Heber, pt. iv. 313, £2. 10s. Od. Reed, 3734, £1. I3s. Od. Very rare,

26. — A warning to the wise,
Afeare to the fond,
A bridle to the lewde,
And a glasse to the goode.
Written of the late earthquake chanced in London, and other
places, the 6th of April, 1580, for the glory of God, and the benefito
of men, that warcly can walke, And wisely iudge. Set forth in verse
and prose by Thomas Churchyard, gentleman. Seen and allowed.

Vol. hi. I

58

BIBLIOGRAPHICAL LIST OF THE

Imprinted at London, bv Henry Bynneman, for John Allde and
Nicholas Lyng, 1580, 8 April.

Svo., 15 leaves.
Harleian Catalogue.

In this tract will be found a short Discourse by Tarlcton upon the Earth-
quake. This llichard Tarlcton was the Queen's Jester, and the most
humorous Comedian of the age. Tarlcton was born at Condover, near
Shrewsbury. An account of his life and jests, the writer of this paper hopes
to prepare in a future volume.

27. — A plcasaunte Laborintli called Churchyarde's Chance
framed on Fancies, vttcred with verses, and written to giue solace to
eury well disposed Mynde : wherein notwithstanding are many
heanie Ep;thaphes, sad and sorowfull discourses and sutch a multi-
tude of other honest pastymes for the season (and passages of witte)
that the reader therein maic thinke his tyme well bestowed. All
whiche workes for the pleasure of the worlde, and recreation of the
worthic, are dedicated to the right honourable sir Thomas Bromley,
knight, lorde Chancelour of Enlande.

It Imprinted at London, by Iohn Kyngston, 1580.

4to. , 44 leaves.
Bodleian.

Heber, pt. 4, 3C4, £9.

This work comprises 58 of Churchyard's short Poems, and also Epitaphs on
My Ladic of Lonnoyes, Sir Nicholas Bacon, Sir Hugh Paulett, Sir William
Courtnei, Sir William Pickrynge, Maister Hampden, My Lndic Baggnall,
Our Maistres Blunt, Maister Walter Archer, Lord Braie, Sir John Constable,
and the Phantasticall Monarkes Epitaphe. On folio 8 is a list of 13 other
Epitaphes alreadie printed, or out of my handes, and after the list Churchyard
adds : And many other gentilmen and gentiiwomens Epitaphes, that presently
I neither can remember, nor get into my handes again.

The last piece in this volume is a reprint of Davie Dicars Dreame, written
in the beginning of " Kyng Edwardes raigne," which has been alluded to in
several places previously, and reprinted under its title, No. 2 in this list.

28. — Wonders of Wiltshire and the Earthquake of Kent*
1580.

8vo., So Bp. Tanner.

29. — The Services of Sir William Drury, Lord Justice of
Irelande, in 1578 & 1579, Lond. 1580. 4to.

In Churchyard's Chippcs, pt. 1, is printed a " Rode made by Syr William
Druery, Knight into Skotlandc," in the 13th yr. of Queen Elizabeth (1571).

SO. — -A light Boildell of liuly discourses called Churchyardes
Charge, presented as a Newe yeres gifte to the right honourable
the Earl of Surrie, in whiche Bondell of Verses is sntchc varietic of
matter, and scnerall innentions, that maie bee as delitefull to the
reader, as it was a Charge, and labour to the writer, sette for the
for a peeco of pastime, by Thomas Churchyarde, gent.

11 Imprinted at London, by Ihon Kyngston, 1580.

Black letter, 4to, 22 leaves. In Verse.
Bodleian.

Hehcr, pt, 4, 3G8, £9. 15s. Skegg in 1812, £14. 5s. : resold Bright, £7. 7s.
(Bought for the British Museum) Reed, £11, Perry, pt. J, 1287, £14.

WHITINGS OF THOMAS CHURCHYARD.

59

"This vol. consists very much of pieces already published, for in the
dedication (where lie calls himself ' servant ' to Lord Surrey, the poet) he
likens himself to a Pedlar at a fair, mixing up with a few ' new laces and odd
trifles ' a great deal of 1 old ware and remnants ' that for lacke of aquicke sale,
hath lain long in a close corner." Bibl. Jfcber.

On the back of the title are the Author's Arms, a fac-simile of which is
appended.

This work, writes the Rev. T. Corsers is of the greatest rarity, and was not
in the Bibl. Any. Poet, nor in the Grenviilo, Malone, or Douce Collections.

The Contents of this work are : —

1. A storie translated out of French.

2. Churchyardcs farweli from the Courtc, the seconde yere of the

Qucenes Maiestios raigue.

3. Of a mightie great personage.

4. Of Reautie and llountie.

5. Of one that by dissemblyng fedde his desire.

6. Of stedfastnesse and constancie.

7. Of one that founde falshed in telowiship.

8. Written to a vertuous gentlewoman whose name is in the verses.1

9. A farewell to a fondlyng.

10. Written to the good Lorde Maior (of London now in office) called Sir
Nicholas Woodrolle Knight.

31. — The most true Reporte of James Fitz Morrice Death,
and others the like offenders, with a brief discourse of Rebellion,
dedicated to the right worshipfull my lovyng freende M. Drewe
Drewrie, Lorde Justice of Ireland, written by Thomas Churchyard,
gent. Imprinted at London, for Edward White, n.d.

12mo., 6 leaves, black letter.

Reed, G754. Heber, pt, 314, £3 10s. Excessively rare.

32. — A Scourge for Rebels. Wherein are many notable
seruiccs truly set out, and thorowly discoursed of, with euerie parti-
cular point touching the troubles of Ireland, as farre as the painfull
and dutifull seruice of the Earle of Ormound in sundrie sortes is
manifestly knowen. Written by Thomas Churchyard, gentleman.
Imprinted at London, for Thomas Cadman, 158-1. Dedicated to
Lord Howard of Effingham.

4toM black letter, 11 leaves.
Brit. Museum.

Bradley, pt, 4, 52G, £5. ISs. Ileber, pt. 4, 3G6, £4. 18s.

33. — The Worthines of Wales : Wherein are more than a
thousand seucrall things rehearsed : some set out in prose to the
pleasure of the Reader, and with such variety of verse for the beautifying
of the Booke, as no doubt shal delight thousands to vnderstand. Which
worke is cnterlarded with many wonders and right strange matter to
consider of. All the whiche labour and deuicc is drawne forth and
set out by Thomas Churchyard, to the glorie of Cod, and honor of
his Prince and Countrcy. Imprinted at London by G. Robinson for
Thomas Cadman, 1587. Dedicated to Queen Elizabeth.

1 Tho Initial Letters of the first 8 lines form the word Dampport and arc
printed in different character from the remainder of the verses. Churchyard
unsuccessfully paid his addresses to this lady.

GO

BIBLIOGRAPHICAL LIST OF THE

4to, black letter, pp. 108.

At the back of the last leaf are the writer's Arms.

A copy of this work is in Chctham's Library, Manchester.

Farmer in 1798, £1. 2s. Heber, pt. 4, 307, £9. Mitford in 1SG0, £13. 5s.
White Knights, ditto, with others, £85 Is.

A reprint of this in small 8vo was published by Thomas Evans, Lond.,
1770. — A facsimile of the original has been published in the Spencer Society
Publications, issue No. 20, IS 70.

In this work Churchyard gives a description of Wales and the Border
Counties, having as he writes " trauayled soudry times of purpose through
the same and what is written of, I haue beheld and throughly scene, to my
great contentment ami admiration."

Churchyard begins with a description of Monmouthshire and Monmouth,
mentioning Newport and Chepstow, Usk and the neighbouring Castles of
Grosmont, Skenfreth and Whit Castle, Caerleon, Abergavenny, Brecknock-
shire ; and then coming on to Ludlow with its castle, and Shrewsbury, &c,
passes on into Denbighshire, and visits Chirk Castle, Ruabon Church, Oli'a's
and Watt's Dykes, Wrexham, Holt Castle, Castle Dinas Bran, Rhuddlan
Castle, and after other places, visits Denbigh, Yalle Crucis Abbey, and
Llangollen, and goes into Flintshire, when he falls sick by the way, and
closes his work with a promise that his present work shall be supplemented,
if God gave him life and health, with another which should be orderly put
in print, and not only the rest of the shires described, but all the auncient
Arms of gentlemen, then shall be plainly described and set forth.

The second part is not known to have been printed, but at the end of the
Manners of Men (No. 39) is the following note : " All the other bookes pro-
mised comes out shortly, wherein (to take my leave of wrighting) the second
part of the Worthincs o f Wales shall be (by God's grace) dedicated to the
Queenes Maiestie." Although he takes his " leave of wrighting "' in 1504, he
kept pen in hand until just before his death, 10 years later.

This work is one of the most interesting and valuable, as well as one of the
rarest of Churchyard's numerous publications.

34. — The Epitaph of Sir Philip Sidney, Knight, lately Lord
Governour of Floshing. Imprinted at London, by George Robinson,
for Thomas Cadmail, 15S7.

4to., 4 leaves. Dedicated to Lady Sidney.

Heber, pt. 4, 36S, £6. 6s. Reprinted in Sidncyiana, 1837.

The copy which was in the Bodleian among Bp. Tanner's books is no
longer to be found. It has been stolen apparently by some expert hand of
late years.

That Churchyard was fond of Sir Philip Sidney is certain. Re always
writes of him in terms of the highest praise, and in his Praise of Poetrie, after
writing of all the. Poets Antient and Modern he could think of, and duly
recording those of his own day, Spenser, Daniel, Barnes, Tasso, and others,
he specially mentions Sidney, and closes his poem with a high eulogium on
his worth and talent.

" My Sidneies honor hcere I raise,
As far as fame can Hie."

35. — A Sparke of Frendship and Warme Goodwill. That
Shewes the Effect of Trve Affection, And Vnfoldes the finenesse of this
world. Whereunto is ioined, the commoditie of sundrie Sciences,
the benefit that paper bringoth, with many rare matters rehearsed
in the same : with a description and commendation of a paper mil],
now and of late set vp (neere the Townc of Darthford) by an high
Gcrmayn called M. Spihnari, Jeweller to the Qu, most excellent
Maiestie. Written by Thomas Chvrehyard, gent,

WRITINGS OF THOMAS CHURCHYARD.

61

Nulla protest esse iucunditas, sublata amicitia. Cic. pro. Flacc,
Printed at London, 1588.

4to., 17 leaves, with an engraved title page.
Bodleian.

Reprinted in the third volume of the Harleicm Miscellany and in the
second volume of Nichols's Progresses of Queen Elizabeth, 1788.
Herbert and Ritson mention an Edition of 1558.

Churchyard tells us in this poem that GOO men were employed at this mill.

36. — A Pleasant Conceite penned in verse. Collourably
sefcte out, and humblie presented on New-yeeres day last, to the
Queen's Maiestie at Hampton Courte, Anno Dominie, 1593. At
London, Printed by Roger Warde, dwelling in Holburne, at the signe
of the Castle.

4to. 8 leaves.

This was licensed (under a different title) to T. East, in 1592, but only one
impression is known.
Hcber pt. 4, 371, £3 3s.

Reprinted in the second volume of Nichols's Pror/rcsscs of Queen Elizabeth
1788.'

" Counterfeyting to sette foorth the workesof an extraordinary painter, that
hath drawnein a pleasant conceite, divers ilowers, fruits, and famous townes,"
from the dedication to Queen Elizabeth. This piece was presented to the
Queen in gratitude for a pension she had just granted to Churchyard, which
placed him above want, yet below envy. To this lie alludes in the close, and
there also lauds Nash at the expense of Gabriel Harvey, for the applause he
had bestowed on Shores wife. Bib. Hcb.

37. — A Feast full of sad cheere,

Where griofes are all on heape,
Where sollace is full deere,
And sorrowes are good ehcape.
London, Printed for William Holme, and to be sold at his shoppe,
neere the great North doore of Paules, 1502.
4to 10 leaves.

Harlticui Catalogue. Heber pt. 4, No. 3G9, £5. 12s. Cd.

Although bearing date in 1592, this piece was not really published till
1593. Addressed to " Maister John Stannop."

A Copy was in the Bodleian, but of late years it has been abstracted from
the volume in which it was contained. It occurs in the last folio Catalogue.

This piece according to Eitson contains Epitaphs on the Earl of Worcester,
Sir James Acroft, controller of the Household, Sir Win, Winter, Sir Will.
Holstock, controller of the Navy, Dr. Underbill, Bishop of Oxford, ixrc,
and the Unhappy Alans deere adewe that ftndes nothing good, cheap but
sorrOwe, "This is personally one of the most interesting as well as one of
the very rarest of Churchyard's production." Bib. Jlcb.

38. — Churchyard's Challenge. London: printed by Iohn
Wolfe, 1593.
4to., 114 leaves, black letter.

Brit. Miis., Cath. Lib., Peterborough, Brit well, Mr. Corscr, Mr. Hulh.
Heber, pt. 4, 370, £12. G. Chalmers, in 1842, £$. 12s. Cd. imperfect.
Sothehy, Ml.

Gardner in 1851, £7. 7s. There were 2 copies in Gardner's Catalogue, but
only one was sold. Another copy, bound up with the Chij)j>es} 1575, was sold
at Putt icks, in 1852.

G2

BIBLIOGRAPHICAL LIST OF THE

Brit. Anglo-Pod, £45. Roxburgh©, with other pieces, 2 vols, £96. Reid
with MS. Notes, £17. 10s.

The Author in his dedication to Sir John Waliey states that lie chose this
title because he thereby challenged the authorship of the volume. His claim
to the Tragedye of Shores Wife had been more particularly questioned as he
informs Lady Mount Eagle, in an inscription to her of that poem on its
present appearance. It was originally printed in the Mirror for Magistrates,
but is reproduced here with additions and alterations.

Contents : —

1. The Tragedic of the Earle of Moreton.

2. The Tragedic. of Sir Simon Bnrlcy.

3. A Discourse that a Man is but his Mindc (in prose).

4. A Discourse of the True Steps of Manhood (in prose).

5. A Warning to the Wanderers abroad, that seeke to sow Dissention

at Home.

6. A Discourse of the Honor of a Souldier (in prose).

7. A Discourse of Gentlemen lying in London that were better keepe

House at Home in their Countrey.

8. A Discourse of an olde Souldier and a Young.

9. A Discourse of Misfortune and Calamitie (in prose).

10. A Discourse and Commendation of those that can make Gode.

11. The Tragedic of Shore's Wife much augmented.

12. A Story of an Eagle and a Lady excellently set out in Du Bartas.

13. A Tragicall Discourse of the haplesse Man's Life.

14. A Discourse of a Fantasticall Dreame.

15. A Discourse of Law and Worthy Lawyers.

16. A few plaine Verses of Truth against the flatterie of Time : made

when the Queen's Majestic was last in Oxenford.

17. A Discourse of the only Phoenix of the Worlde.

18. A Praise of that Phcnix and Verses translated out of French.

19. The Adue the Writer made long agoe to the World when he went to

studio.

20. A Tragicall Discourse of a dolorous Gentlewoman.

21. A Doleful! Discourse of a great Lorde and a Ladie : translated out of

French.

In the Preface of this Book Churchyard writes — "Many sorrowf nil discourses
in my days I have written, and numbers of bookes' I haue printed, and
because they shall not be buried with me, challenge them all as my children
to abide bchinde me in the worlde, to make them inheritors of such fame and
despraise as their father (which begat them on sweet inuention) heere enioyes
or deserues : hoping they shall not be called bastards, nor none alive will be
so hardy as to call them his babes, that I haue bred in my bowels, brought
forth and fostred vp so carefully at mine owne charges, and hazard of an
enuious worlde.

No. 1 is reprinted in Chalmers's Chips, Nos. 2, 14, 19, and 21, were first
printed in Churchyard's Chips (Nos. 6, 9, 2, and 4), and for 16 sec Nichols's
Progresses of Queen Elizabeth, vol. iii. — Xo. 11 was first printed in 1559, in
this Edition the legend is augmented by 21 stanzas. The original poem of
1559 with the augmentations are reprinted in the Ccnsura Litcraria.

89. — The Mirror And manners of Man. Written by Thomas
Churchyard, gent. Imprinted at London, by Arnold Hatfield, for
W; Holmes, 1591.

4to., 8 leaves. In Verse. Dedicated to the Right Honourable Sir llobcrt
Cecil, Knight.
Pep}/ si an.

Bindley, pt. 3. With Churchyard's Diseourses of Courts and Wars, £4 4s.
Reprinted at the Auchinlech Press by Sir Alexander Boswejl, 1816-7.

WRITINGS OF THOMAS CHURCHYARD.

63

In the Dedication to this Poem Churchyard, being old and his muse
weary, has to go back for materials to his young days, and calling to mind
a little book, written almost fifty years ago, produces it in his old age,
and craves a " fauorable censure and supportatioii " for its publication.

40. — A Mvsicall Consort of Heaucnly harmonie (compounded
out of roanie parts of Musicke) called Chvrchyards Charitie, Im-
printed at London, by Ar. Hatfield, for William Holme, 1595.

4to., 28 leaves. Dedicated to Robert Devereux, Earl of Essex and Ewe.

Reed's Sale, bought by Mr. Hcber. £8. 15s. Sir Mark M. Sykes's ditto, £9. 5s.
Bright in 1845, £9. 5s. ' Priced in Bibl. Aug. Poet, No. 102, at £40. Heber,
pt. 4, 372, £7.

After the Main Poem occurs with a new title " A Praise of Poetry."

Reprinted at the Auchinlcch Press by Sir Alexander Boswell in 1817.

"The Praise of Poetry'' was reprinted in the Ccnsura Literaria.

On the last page is the following announcement : — "My next P>ooke comes
out shortlie: dedicated to my Honorable woorthy friendc, Master Henrie
Brooke, sonnc and heire to the noble Lord Cobham." What this work was
or whether it was ever published, we are unable to state; but Churchyard
was now an old man of 75 according to Mr. Chalmers's reckoning of his birth,
although he lived for 9 years longer, not dying till 1G04. Collect. Ang.
Poet. pt. 4, p. 385.

In noticing his contemporaries, in the second piece of this vol., the
"Praise of Poetry,'" he particularizes Lord Surrey, whom he had served,
Spenser, Daniel, Barnes, Sidney, &p.

41. — The Honor of The Lawe. Written by Thomas Church-
yard, gent. Imprinted at London, by Ar. Hatfield, for William Holme,
1596.

4to., 4 leaves. In verse. Dedicated to Sir T. Egerton, Lord Keeper.
Bodleian.

Heber, pt. 4, 374, £4. North, pt. 3, 7S7, £5 5s. Perry, pt. 1, 1290, £10 15s.
"This is an extremely rare production of Churchyards pen, but in itself
possesses little interest." Bib. Hcb.

42. — A sad and solemne Funcrall of the right Honorable Sir
Francis Knowles, Knight, treasorcr of the Qnecnes Maiesties house-
hold, one of her priuie councell and knight of the most honorable
order of the Garter. Written by Thomas Churchyard, Esquier.
Imprinted at London, by Ar. Hatfield, for William Holme, 1596.

4to.„ 4 leaves.

Bridge wa ter Ho use.

Reprinted at the Auchinlcch Presb, by Sir Alexander Boswell, 1817, and in
llcliconia, vol. 2.

Dedicated to the Right Honorable, My very good Lord, the Lord Delaware.

In a Note at the side of this Poem, Churchyard relates that there died in
one year the Bishops of London, Winchester, Chichester, and Chester,
besides many of the Nobility and Gentry, including Erobisher, Drake, and
Hawkins.

43. — A pleasant Discourse of Court and Wars with a
replication to them both and a commendation of all those that trul}r
scruo Prince & Countrie, written by Thomas Churchyard, and called
his Cherrishing. Imprinted at London, by Ar. Hatfield, for William
Holme, 159G.

4to., In verse. Bindley, pt. 3, 1799, with his Mirror of Men, £4. 4s.

64

BIBLIOGRAPHICAL LIST OF THE

Dedicated to the .Honorable Sir George Gary, Knight, sonne and hcire to
My Lord Charnberlaine, Governour of the Isle of Wight, and Knight Marshall
of England.

Reprinted at the Anchinlech Tress, by Sir Alexander Boswell, in 1817.

At the end of this Poem, which only occupies 6 pages, is a Eeply to the
Reasons Rclicarscd, 2 pages, and a commendation to all those, that cither by
invention of wit, study of minde, travel of body, expences of purse, or hazard
of life, seekes the aduauncement of their Prince and conntrey, 2 pp. Sir
Walter Raleigh is the hero of this latter piece.

" The whole is well written and highly curious." Bib. Hcb.

In the dedication of this work Churchyard enumerates the different cam-
paigns he had served in, and the leaders he had served under, which have
been quoted in his life pp. 29, 30.

In this Poem Churchyard again refers to Spenser's assertion that " Old
Palemou was hoarse with singing so long."

The Court, Churchyard tells us, is —

The Platform where all Poets thrive,
Save one whose voice is hoarse they say.

44. — A wished Reformation of wicked Rebellion. Newly
set foorth by Thomas Cliurch}Tard, Esquier. Imprinted at London,
by Thomas Este, dwelling in Aldersgate Street, 1598.

4to., 4 leaves.
Lambeth.

45. — The Fortvnate Farewel to the most forward and noble
Earle of Essex, one of the honorable prime Counsel, Earle high
Marshal of England, Master of the horse, <fcc. Dedicated to the
right Honorable the Lord Harry Seamer, second sonne to the last
Duke of Sommerset. Written by Thomas Churchyard, Esquier.
Imprinted at London, by Edm. Bollifant, for William Wood, at the
West doore of Powles, 1599.

4to., 4 leaves, in verse.
Heber, pt. 4, 375, £3 lis.
British Museum.

Only one other copy known. Ecprinted by Nichols in his Progresses of
Queen Elizabeth, v. 2, 17SS.

Churchyard also greeted the Earl with a Welcome Home, both dated 1599.

" There is a remarkable passage quoted in his life, in the dedication
where Churchyard expresses his gratitude to the old Duke of Somerset for
favoring him, when some of his verses in the reign of Edward VI. had given
offence and brought him before the Privy Council." Bib. Hcb.

46. — The Wonders of the Ayre, the Trembling of the Earth,
and the warnings of the world before the Iudgement day. Written
by Thomas Churchyard, Esquire, Seruaunt to the Queenes Majestic.
Imprinted at London, by Thomas Dawson, 1G02.

4to., 12 leaves. Dedicated to M (aster) D(octor) Sescr. Partly in verse.

The Address makes it appear that Churchyard at the close of his course
was dependent upon the bounty of Dr., afterwards Sir Julius Ca\sar, for he
acknowledges his obligations to him, for " the little that I live upon, and
am like to die withail."

He also states that he had translated part of Pliny.

At the end the Lord's Prayer, Creed, and Decalogue arc added in verse.

47. — A true discovrse Ilistoricall of the succeeding Gover-
novrs in the Netherlands, and the Cruill warrea thcro begun in the

WRITINGS OF THOMAS CHURCHYARD.

65

yeere 1565. Translated and collected by T. C, Esq., and Ri(chaixl)
Ro(binson). At London, imprinted for Matthew Lownes, 1G02.

4to., 83 leaves, black letter. Dedicated to Sir Edward Seymour, Earl of
Hertford.

In this tract there is much autobiography, and the writers furnish also
interesting particulars respecting George Whetstone, and Banlaby Rich,
both of whom, like Churchyard, were Tarn Marti quam Mer curio.

In one of the copies in the Br. Mus. the Dedication is signed, T. Churchyard,
and in the other T. C. only. The alteration was doubtless introduced at press.

Richard Robinson, mentioned in the title of this work, was a friend of
Churchyard, and a free Citizen of London. He was t lie author or translator
of several works. The Gcsta Roman or urn ; The Harmony of King David's
Harp; Robinson's Ruby in English Verse, L~>77, Svo., black letter; Eupolema
1578, do.; The Life, Actcs, and Death of King Arthur, 15S2, 4to., with a
second part added in 1583, and to which Churchyard prefixed a poem in
praise of the P.owe. Col. A na Poet, pt 4. 3SG.

This work is not one of the rarest of Churchyard's works, but is certainly
one of the most interesting. Amongst other events narrated, one interesting
to Salopians, the Death of Sir Philip Sidney, is graphically narrated.

Amongst other Copies sold, Nassau's Copy sold for £4 10s.

Heber's Copy, pt. 4, 370, £4 12s., and Bi'bl. Any. Foci, £5.

48. — A Paean triumph all: upon the Kings publick Entry from
the Tower of London to Westminster on March the 15. Lond., 1603.

4to., G leaves.

A Poem written in Heroic Verse.

49. — Churchyard's Good Will. Sad and heavy Verses, in
the nature of an Epitaph for the losse of the Archbishop of Canter-
bury, lately deceased Primate and Metropolitans of all England.
Written by Thomas Churchyard, Esquire. Imprinted at London, by
Simon Stafford, dwelling in Hosier Lane, neere Smithfield, 1604.

8vo., 8 leaves. In Verse : the poem is printed only on one side. Dedi-
cated to Archbishop Bancroft.

Bridgcwatcr I louse and 1L II u tit, Esq.
Reprinted in t he second Volume of Heliconia.

This was Churchyard's last production. Archbishop Whitgift dying in
Feb., 1G04, and Churchyard on the 1st of April, the same year.

In this Tract Churchyard abandons the very peculiar mode of spelling that
of late years he had. adopted.

50. — A Blessed Balme to search and salve Sedition. London,
Printed by Simon Stafford, 1604.

4to., 6 leaves. A Poem, in 7-line stanzas, to the King upon the plot, for
whieh the two prests Watson and Clark were executed, in iSov. 1G03.

51— The Right Pleasant and Variable Tragical History of
Fortunatus, London, printed by A. Purslow, for George Sawbridge,
at the sign of the Bible on Ludgate-hill, neare Fleet-bridge, 1676.

Svo., black letter, 95 leaves.

This work, the title says, was first penned in the Dutch Tongue. Thence
abstracted and now first of all published in England by T. C. (Thomas
Chiuehyard).

Often reprinted, but no earlier impression is known, It must have appeared
before 1000.

5*2. — The Golden Nut, mentioned by the Author in his Chal-
lenge 1593 as an earlier work which he had dedicated toQueen Elizabeth.

Vol. hi. j

66

BIBLIOGRAPHICAL LIST OF THE

53. — The Book of Sorrows. Dedicated to Dr. Wilson.
Mentioned ibidem.

54. — The dcnises of warre and a play at Awsterley, her
highnes being at Sir Thomas Greshams. Ibid.

Of tliis work, though printed, Lowndes says, no copy is known.

55. — The Commedy before her Maiestie at Norwich, in the
fielde, when she went to dinner to my Lady Gernihgams. Ibid.

5G. — The deuises and speeches that men and boyes shewed
with in many prograces. Ibid.

57. — The Book of my Deer adue, to Mr. Iohn Stannop. Ibid.

58. — A handefvl of gladsome verses, given to the Queenes
Maiesty at Woodstocke, this prograce, 1592. By Thomas Chvrchyarde.
At Oxforde. Printed by Ioseph Barnes, Printer to the Vninersitie, 1592.

4to., black letter. Dedicated to the Queen. Brit. Museum.

59. — iEnseas tale to Dido. Ibid.

Tliis and the following, he says, had been " gotten from me of some such
noble friends as I am loath to offend."

GO. — A book of sumptuous shew in Shrouetide by Sir
Walter Rawley, Sir Robert Carey, Mr. Chidly, and Mr. Arthur
George, in which book was the whole sernice of my L. of Lester
mencioned that he and his train did in Flannders. . . All which
book was in as good verse as ever I made. Ibid.
It is doubtful if this ever appeared in print (Lowndes).

61. — In Queene Maries raigne a booke called a New Yeares
gift to all England which booke treated of rebellion. Ibid.

02. — " Many things in the book of Songs and Sonets printed
then (1557) where of my making'' he affirms. Ibid.

Churchyard published in L'ST, Whetstone's Censure of a loyall Subject ;
in an address on the back of the title lie says that the Author was absent.

Churchyard wrote a preface to (irassi's Arte of Defence, translated by J.
G., 1594, 4to., and also commendatory verses to Barnaby Rich's Allarme
to England, 157S, and to Pithy pleasaimt, and protitable workes of
Maister Skelton, l'oet Laurate, 15G8.

Hazlitt queries the Translation of Boccaccio's Pleasant and Delightful
History of Galcsus, Cijmon, and Iphigcnia, from Italian into Englishe verse
by T. C., Gent., as Churchyard's production.

In Lodowieke Lloyd's Pilgrimage of Princes, dedicated to Sir Christopher
Hat ton, arc commendatory verses by Churchyard.

The School of Warre. MS. Cotton Calig, B. 5, art 74.

The Welcome Home of the Earl of Essex, Lond. 1599. 4to.

Reprinted in Nichols's Progresses of Queen Elizabeth, v. 2.

The History of the Civil! Wars of France. Lond., 1600. 4to.
Choice Mirroirr of Honour, &c. Lond., 1597. 4to.
The Worthihes of Wales, the last book.
Twelve lone: Tales for Christmas, dedicated to twelve
honorable lords.

Lowndes says, it is doubtful if these two last were ever printed.

WRITINGS OF THOMAS CHURCHYARD. 67

MS.

Lowndes gives A "Rebuke to Rebellion. A poem in the
Royal MSS. Brit. Mas. (17 B vii.). Reprinted in Nichols's Progresses
of Queen Elizabeth, v. 2.

Churchy arc! also issued : —

Thre first bookes of Quids dc Tristibus translated into
English, Anno 1572, Imprinted at London, in Flete streate, near to
S. Dunstones' Churche, by Thomas Marshe, 1580.

Dedicated to His most assured and tiycd frende Master Cliristofer Hatton,
Esquyer. Bodleian, Althorp, &c.

The Althorp copy was bought at Dr. Farmers' sale in 179S, for £3 4s.
Heber's Copy was not complete.

In order that this list may be as complete as possible
it is thought advisable to reprint from his Challenge the
list of works as set forth by the old poet himself with
his reason for so printing it. " And now indeede for
that diners (of disdain full disposi tion) doo or may
hinder the good report e of those labors which I thinke
well bestowed among my freends, I haue set forth while
I am lining a great number of my works in this booke
named my Challenge that after my death shal be
witnesses they were mine owne dooings ; not for any
great matter in them, but for the iustnes of troth, and
true trial! of all my honest exercises, and so to purchase
credit and the more freends and fauorers to prop vp my
poore reputation."

First, in King Edwards daies, a booke named Dauie Dicars
dreame which one Camell wrote against, whomc I openly confuted.
Shores wife I penned at that season. Another booke in those dales
called the Mirror of Man,

In Queene Maries raigne, a booke called a New- Yeeres gift
to all England, which booke treated of rebellion. And many things
in the booke of Songs and Somis printed then were of my making.

Since that time till this day I wrote all these works : —
The booke of Chips, dedicated to Sir Christopher Hatton, after

Lord Chancellor.
The booke called Chance, dedicated to Sir Thomas Bromley,
L. Chancellor then.
. The booke called my Charge to my L. of Surryc.

The booke called my Change, in verse and proes, dedicated to all
good mindes.

The booke called my Choice, dedicated to the L. Chancellor, Sir

Christopher Hatton.
The booke of The Beige of Lecth and Edenbrough Castell.
Tl ic booke of S ir 1 1 Witt m Druries Sent ice,6 ed i cat ed t o S i r Drue D hiry .

68

WRITINGS OF THOMAS CHURCHYARD.

The booke called The Golden Nut, dedicated to the Qu. Ma.
Tlic booke of Receiuing Her Ilighnes into Suffolk and NorfolJce.
The booke before of Her Highness receiuing into Bristoiv.
The booke of The Earthquake to the good Deane ofPaules.
The book of The Troubles of Flanders, to Sir Francis Walsing :
The book called The Scourge of Ilebells in Ireland, to my Lord
Admiral!.

The booke called A Rebulce to Rebellion, to the good olde Earle of
Bedford.

The booke of a Sparke of Freendskip, to Sir Walter Rawley.
The book of Sorr.owes, to I). Wilson, when he was Secretary.
The book of The Winning of Macldin, to my Lord Non-ice.
The book called The Wort/tines of Wales, to the Qu. Ma.
The book giuen her Maiestie at Bristow, where I made al the
whole deuiscs.

The deuiscs of warre and a play at .Awstcrley, Her Highnes

being at Sir Thomas Grcshams.
The Commedy before Her Maiestie at Norwich in the fielde

when she went to dinner to my Lady Gerninghams.
The whole deuiscs pastimes andplaies at Norwich .before her Maiestie
The deuiscs and speeches that men and boyes shewed within

many prograccs.
The book of King Henries Epitaph, arid other princes and Lords,

to Secretary Wolley.
The book of Mi/ Deer Adue, to M. Iohn Stannop.
The book called A llandfull of Gladsome Verses, to the Qu. Ma.

at Woodstocke.

The book called A Pleasant Conccite, a Neioe Yeers Gift, to the
Queenes Maiestie.
These WorJces following are gotten from me of some such noble friends
as I am loath to offend :

jEneas tale to Dijdo., largely and timely translated out of
Yirgill, which I once shewed the Qu. Ma. and had it againe.

A book of the Oath of a judge and the honour of Law,
deliuercd t o a Stacioner who sent it the L. Checfe Baron that last dyed.

A book of a sumptuous shew in Shrouetide, by Sir Walter
Rawley, Sir Robart Carey, M. Chidley, and M. Arthur Gorge, in
which book was the whole seruice of my L. of Lester mencioncd,
that he and his traine did in Flaundcrs, and the gentlemen Pencioners
proued to be a great pecce of honor to the Court : all which tbook
was in as good verse as euer I made : an honorable Knight, dwelling
in the Black Friers, can witness the same, because I read it vnto him.

A great peece of work translated out of the great learned
French Poet Seignior Dubartas, which worke treated of a Lady and
an Eagle, most diuinely written on by Dubartas, and giuen by me to
a great Lord of this land, who saith it is lost.

An infinite number of other Songcs and Sonets, giuen where
they cannot be recouered, nor purchase any fauor when they are craned.

OSWESTRY CORPORATION RECORDS.

[The following note respecting two of the Witnesses to the
Charter of Thomas Earl of Arundel (1407) should have
appeared in the last number. — See back, No. IV., p. 207.,
Vol. ii.]

2 This connection of Shropshire and Sussex knights who owed
service to their common Suzerain Fitzalan is interesting. The
family of Barttelot were seated in Sussex from a very early period.
John Barttelot was the nephew and heir of John Barttelot, to whom
for his services at the taking of the Castle of Fontenoy, in France,
was given the crest of a Castle by Edward the Black Prince. He
marr. Joan, d. & coh. of William de Stopham. The manor of
Stopham was held by knights' service of the Albinis, and afterwards
of the Fitzalans of Aurndel Castle. On a brass in Stopham Church
is the following inscription to him : —

" Illustrissimi quond' Thomce comitis Arundel Thesaurarius
Hospitii Johannes Barttelot hie requiescit humatus cum uxore sua
Johanna quond' Willelmi de Stopham filia, qui quid' Joh'es A D.
1428 sexto die Februarii diem clausit extremum. Quorum a' i' abus
p'picietur Dens. Amen "

Arms — Barttelot and Stopham.

3 William Kyman, of Apledram, coy. Sussex, for which county he
served as Knight of the Shire in 1420 and as Sheriff in 1434. The
detached campanile of Chichester Cathedral is called Ryman's Tower.
It is said to have been built of the materials which John llyman, son
of the above, collected for the purpose of crenellating his house.
The refusal of the Royal licence to crenellate prevented him from
carrying out his intentions. Sir Walter Barttelott, Bt., M.P. for
Sussex, is the present (1SS0) representative of the family of
Stopham and Barttelot, and is owner of the ancient Manors of
Apledram and Stopham, and of the old Manor House of the liymans.

69

THE RECORDS OF THE CORPORATION OF
OSWESTRY.

By STANLEY LEI G ETON, M.A.

(Continued from p. 212 of Vol. II. J

No. VIII.

15 GO. Muringer's Account.

The Muringer was at this time an officer of the first
magnitude in Oswestry, as the following account of
the business which passed through his hands will
show. The office however was shortly to he shorn of
most of its importance, for by the Bool: of Con-
stitutions in 158:2 the payments formerly made to the
Mupnger were for the future to be made to the Bailiffs
themselves.

These are the first borough accounts to be found
among the Corporation Records, therefore they shall be
printed in full.

The Revenue appears to be derived from

1. Tolls upon Foreigners for license to trade.

2. (( Tensery" money, which was a poll-tax upon

the inhabitants.

3. Taxes, or " assise" as it was called, on the sale

of beer, bread, and other articles.

4. Rents.

The plague visited Oswestry in 1559, and the rent of
the M towlers," i. e. toll-takers, was abated in conse-
quence : other rents were abated also for the same
cause, some of the tenants being too poor to pay and
some having fled.

Vol. hi. k

70

THE RECORDS OF THE

Among the payments are fees to the Bailiffs, the
Muringers, the Sergeants at Mace, the Town-gate-
keepers. There are also charges for " keeping the
Tonne clock " ; for making a " sealle " ; for entertaining-
Mr. Justice Throckmorton1; for " saweing tymber for a
house in the market place and for removing the sayd
tymber from 2 Mr. Powell's orcharde." The law charges
are considerable, and the whole account not inappropri-
ately winds up with " payments for the provision of the
Generall Feast unto the co-burgesses according to the
auncient custom."

1 Sir John Throckmorton, Kt., was Justice of Chester and the
three Shires of " East Wales." He was knighted by Queen
Elizabeth, at Kenihvorth, in 1558. He was Master of Requests to
Queen Mary, and for 23 years one of the Council of the Marches of
Wales. He died in 15S0, and was buried in the Chancel of Coughton
Church in Warwickshire, under a very handsome monument. (Clive's
Hist, of Ludlow, p. 209.) He was also Recorder of Shrewsbury from
1569 to 1574. He was the 6th son of Sir George Throckmorton by
a daughter of Lord Yaux of Harrowden. [Owen and Blakeways
Hist, of Shrewsbury. Vol. I., p. 355.] In 1571 lie was elected a
Burgess of Oswestry, together with four of his sons. \_Bye-goncs,
1878, p. 103.]

2 Thomas Powell, of Whittington, obtained Park from Henry Fitz-
alan, Earl of Arundel, in the year 1563. The original deed from the
Earl of Arundel, John Lord Lumley and Lady Jane his wife, daughter
to the said Earl, to Thomas Powell of Park, is among the " Charlton"
papers, in the possession of Mr. Stanley Leighton at Sweeney. There
is also among them another deed of conveyance of the year 1571
from William Albany of London, merchant-tailor, to the same Thomas
Powell. The family of Powell resided here for 150 years. Robert
Powell of Park was " Parliamentary" Sheriff of Shropshire in 1617,
another Robert Powell of Park was in 1669 Doctor of Divinity,
Rector of Whittington, Chancellor and Canon of St. Asaph, Arch-
deacon of Salop, and Rector of Hodnet. He is styled " Esquire" in
the Whittington Register of 1670 in addition to all his clerical titles.
His son Thomas was Sheriff in 1717, and his granddaughter Jane
sold the property to Sir Francis Charlton of Ludford, Baronet. In
1718 Job Charlton of Park was Sheriff of the county, and his sister
Emma carried the estate by marriage into the family of Kinchant or
Quinchant, French Protestants who left their native country after the
Edict of Nantes. Of the Kinchants one was Sheriff in 1775, another
in 1846, One of the family fell at the battle of Fontenoy, another at
Waterloo. About the year 1870 the estate was sold by Mr. Kinchant
to the Hon. 11. Cotton, eldest son of Lord Comber mere.

CORPORATION OF OSWESTRY.

71

The account is rendered to the Bailiffs, ^John
Stanney and 2Thomas Evance.

Temp. Elizabeth.

Muring er's Account.

Also the sayde accomptaunt dothe charge
hymself wth Rent due vpon Richard Jannyn
for a lodge wthin blacke yate ... ... iiijd

S'm xiiijs. xd.
Mercers Fyrst the sayde accomptaunt dothe charge
and pedlars hym self wth money due vpon Jeu'n ap
Ellys for oppenynge of his shope & sellinge
of wares ... ... ... ... ... vj.s, viijcZ.

Allso the sayde accomptaunt dothe charge
hym sellf wth money due vpon Rys ap
M'dythe for oppenynge of his shope &
selinge wares ... ... ... ... vjs. viijc?.

Allso the sayde accomptaunt dothe charge
hymself wth money due from Richard Bur-
ley for sellinge of lus clothe by the crose ... vj*. viijc?.
Allso the sayde accomptaunt dothe charge
hym sellf wth money due vpon Harye ap
Wonffray for selinge of his wares by the
Crose ... ... ... ... ... yj.s. viijc?.

Allso the sayde accomptaunt dothe charge
hym self wtb money due vpon Thomas
Glasyer for selinge of wares by the crose
one qr space ... ... ... ... xxd.

lt'm the sayde accomptaunt dothe charge
hym sellf \vth money due vpon a straenge
woman for selinge wares by the crose the
space of qr of y ere .. ... ... xxd.

1 The Stanneys were a family of considerable local importance at
this time in Oswestry, The wills of Richard Stanye the elder,
mercer, dated 1540, and his son Richard, draper, 1542, have been
printed in Byc-gones [Oswestry Advertize? Office] for the year 1878, pp.
25 and 130. From them it appears that they were closely connected
with the families of Watson, Reynolde, and others in high civic
positions in London. One of them, Robert Stannye, was at this time-
Rector of Selattyn, and his cousin, John Trice, was Rector of Whitting-
ton. The name frequently occurs in the Oswestry records of this
period. They were connected by marriage with the Lloyds,
Drenywydd. In 1575 a chalice with paten cover was given to tho
parish church, by Richard Stamii, the elder, mercer.

2 Thomas Evancc's name is often found among the lists of Bailiffs
and Aldermen of this period. I think he was of the family of the
Evanccs of Trevelock.

72

THE RECORDS OF THE

Allso the sayde accomptaunt dothe charge
hym sellf wth money due vpon a straynge
woman for selinge pynes and glases for one

m'cfcet day... ... ... ... ... ijc/.

Allso rec of a stray nger for lyke ... ... iiijc/.

Allso rec of a strayng' for lyke ... ... hijc/.

Allso the sayde accomptaunt dothe charge
hym sellf wth money due vpon Lewys
Tacyler And gottyn Furbur for settingc of
stalles by the crose vpon the thre fayres ... iijs.

Sm' xxxiijs. xd.
Buchers Imp'mis the sayde accomptaunt dothe
charge hym sellf wth money due vpon Rich-
ard Yeveson for his tenserye ... ... xijc/.

Jcr'y bucher for lyke ... ... ... x'\\d.

M'dythc bucher xijc/.

Lewys bucher ... ... ... ... xijc/.

Edward bucher ... ... ... ... xijc/,

Morys bucher ... ... ... ... xijc/.

Dauid bucher ... ... ... ... xijc/.

Dauid ap Ed' bucher ... ... ... xijc/.

Owen bucher ... ... ... ... xijc/.

Wyll'm bucher ... ... ... ... xijc?.

John goz bucher ... ... ... ... xijc?.

Trystan bucher ... ... ... ... xijc/.

LPen bucher ... ... ... . t xijc/.

Roegear bucher ... ... ... ... xijc/.

Ed' Wyllso'n xijc/.

Lewys bucher ... ... ... ... xijc/.

8m' xvjs.

Backers Dauid ap s' Ric xijc/.

Thomas Bobyth ... ... ... ... xijc/.

Dauid Bobyth ... ... ... xijc/.

Sm' iij.s.

Cors's Wyll'm Vyghan xijc/.

Ellys Corser xijc/.

E'd goz Corser ... ... ... ... xijc/.

John ap Dauid ap Ed' ... ... ... xijc/,

Wyll'm Edgyrton ... ... ... xijc/.

Sm* vs.

Glovers John Kyffin glover ... ... ... xijc/.

Dauid Glover the yong' ... ... ... xijc/,

M'dythe Glover ... ... ... ... xijc/.

Saunder glover ... ... ... xijc/.

Ric' Mailman ... ... ... ... xijc/.

Wyll'm gloti xijc/.

Ric' a]> jcr'y .. xijc/.

E'd glou xijc/.

CORPORATION OF OSWESTRY.

73

Thomas ap John Wyll'm

Hewsters. Richard Lewythe
Tanners

M'grt Hewster

Sin' ixs.

Sm' vijs. viij<i.

Hucksters
Alle sellers

Bread sel-
lers at the
Crose

Thomas Barker
Jer'y Barker ... ... ...

Wyll'm Thomas

Also ij strayngers for selinge clouttleth' for
one marcket daye

Sm' xs. viijc?.

Jonett Coventry e...

Jonet v'z Dauid ap Morys ...

Sm' vj-5, viijo?.

Edward Lloyd

Rio' Salter

Dauid glou' thcld' ...
Thomas glou'
Robart ap Dauid
Wonffry gorten

Sm' xxs.

Also the saide accomptaunt dothe charge
hym sellf wth money due vpon them that
sell bred by the ( rose and fyrst of John
Tonna

Crystopher Smythe is wyf
Jonet v'z LI' en
Gwenhwyvar Pegod'

Jer'y Gygyth "

Robart a]) Dauid ...
Dauid ap Jer'v

Rio' Tayler

John ap Jer'y

Gwenhwyvar wyf to D'd y Kryth
John Barker

M'get v'z Kydwalad'

Sm vijs. iiijc?.
Som' in all xxli. iiijs.
The sayde accomptaunt dothe ask alow-
aunce for dyvers payment' cost' and charges
wth p'ovyssions by hym' made p'ovyded and
doun to and for the vse of the towne and
lybertyes wthin the tyme of this accompte
as herafft' p'ticularlye it dothe apeere that
is to saye.

Fyrs| the sayde accomptaunt dothe ast
alowaunce for Mr Baylyves Fees ...
Allso the sayde accomptaunt dotbc ast
alowaunce for the Scgeaunt' Fees

xijd.

vjs. viijd.
xijtf.

iijs. iiijd.
iijs. iiijd.
iijs. injd.

viij4.

iijs. iiijtZ.
iijs. iiij(/.

iijs. iiijd

iijs. \u]d.

iijs. n{\d.

iijs. iiijc/.

iijs. iiij(/.

iijs. iiijd.

viijc?.
viijcZ.
viijcZ.
viijc?.
viijd.

vjd.
viijtf.
i\\]d.

xd.

vjri.

Vj<i.

iiij/?:.
xls,

THE RECORDS OF TTIE

AUso the sayde accomptaunt clothe ast
alowaimce for the muringers Fees ... xxs.

Allso the sayde accomptaunt clothe ast
alowaunee for money payde for kepinge of
the clocke ... ... ... ... xiij.9. iiijc?.

Allso the sayde accomtant' clothe asc alow-
aunee for Kent bay ted to the towlers for
one qr' in consideracion of the plage And
fyrst to thexecuto" of John Vyghan ... xxs.
Allso the sayde accomptaunt clothe asc
alowaunee for qr of Rent bay ted to Thomas
ap Ric' for Wolyws yate ... ... ... xxs.

Allso the sayde aecomptaunte dothe asc
alowaunee to Dauid glou' theld' for newe
yate ... ... ... ... ... xiijs. iiijc/,

Allso the sayde accomptaunt clothe ast
alowance for Wyll'm Lloyd for Betreche yate xs.
Allso the sayde accomptaunt dothe ast
alowance to Dauid ap Dauid for blake yate iiijs. \]d,

Sm' xjli. xd.
Allso the sayde accomptaunt clothe ast
alowance for candeles & pap' & for wryttinge
of the quest' p'esentment' at the Leet' ... vyt.
Allso he dothe ast alowaunee for money
payde to Hugh Furbur for the makinge of
a seall at Mr Bayleves eomandement ... x'uyl.
Allso the sayde accomptaunt dothe ast
alowaunee for money payde to the sergeant
& for a horse to sende a p'isoner to Salope iijs. i'njd.
Allso the sayde accomptaunt dothe ast
alowaunee for money payde to Mystres
Jones for wyne ynto Mr Justys Frokmorton
at his comynge throwe the towne ... iij.s iu'}d,

Allso the sayde accomptaunt clothe ast
alowaunee for the Rent of Crofft pystlle
late in the hand' of Ric' ap M'dyth ap
Wyll'm dyssessed ... ... ... ij.s\

Allso the sayde accomptaunt dothe ast .

alowaunee for money payde for wrytingc of

a suplycacion to my Lord of Arnndell ... xijc/.

Allso the sayde accomptaunt dothe ast

alowaunee for Lewys Tayler and Gottyn

Furbur beingc vnpayde for settinge of scales

by reason of the plage ... ... ... • xiiijc/.

Allso the sayde accomptaunt dothe ast
alowaunee for Ric' Jamys in consideracion
of money by hym payde to Mr Kyfin by the
counsells order for the Rent of the gardeyn
by the new yate ... ... ... ... xijJ.

CORPORATION OF OSWESTRY.

75

Allso the sayde accomptairat dothe ast

alowance for the Reparations made by Ric'

ap Robart is wyf vpon Wolys yate ... ijs. injd.

Allso the sayde aceomptaunt dothe ast

alowaunce for a qr Rent bayted to m'cers

& pedlers and fyrst to Jer'y ap Ellys ... xxd.

Allso to Rhys ap M'dythe ... ... ... vjs. \\ijd.

Allso alowaunce for Ric' Barley ... ... xxd.

Allso alowaunce for Harye ap Wonfraye ... xxd.
Allso the sayde aceomptaunt dothe ast
alowaunce for Ric'Lewythe for one q* beinge
apseunt from the towne... ... ... xxd.

Tauners Allso the sayde aceomptaunt alowaunce
for a qr' Rent vnto tauners beinge apsent
in tyme of the plage and fyrst Thomas
Barker ... ... ... ... ... x'myl.

Jer'y Barker for lyke ... ... ... xijcZ.

Wyll'm Thomas of Reyton for lyke ... xd.
Sm' 31s.* ScZ.

Glovers It'm the sayde aceomptaunt dothe ast
alowaunce for them that are deade or fled
and them that are in decay e and fyrst
Thomas ap John Wyll'm beinge a poore man xij<i.
Saund' glou dissessed ... ... ... \jd.

John Kyffin beinge absent & fled ... ... iijcZ.

Ric' Mailman a poore man & fled . . ... xi]d.

Ric' ap Jer'y a poore man & p'aythe alow-
aunce ... ... ... ... ... xjd.

Edward glow' p'aythe a qr' alowaunce ... iijc/.
Sm' iijs. vjd.

Buchers InpHnus the sayde accountaunt dothe ast

alowaunce for Lewys Bucher that is deade vyd.
M'dythe Bucher for lyke ... ... ... vjcZ.

Morys Bucher lied vjcZ.

Dauid Bucher fled ... ... .,«. i\jd.

Dauid ap E'd Bucher fled iijcZ.

Owen Bucher fled ... ... ... iijc?.

Trystai Bucher dead ... ... ... vjc£,

Rogcar Bucher Died ... ... ... iijc?,

Edward Bucher, fled ... ... ... iijVZ.

Lewys Bucher fled ... ... ... iijd.

Sm' iijs. \)d.

Cors's Edward goz fled ... ... ... ... iijrZ.

John ap Dauid ap Ed' fled ... ... u'yl.

Wyll'm Edgyrton lied ... ... ... iijc/.

Backei'S Dauid ap sz Ric' saythe that he dothe not

oecnpey liis baekhowes and p'ayth alowance vjd.

Dauid Bobyth bathe ben longe seeke & ast

alowance ... ... ... ... ... iijc/.

76

THE RECORDS OF THE

Hucksters Janet Sz Dauid ap Morys ast alowance for

a qv Rent ... ... ... ... ... xd.

Jonet Coventrye in lycke man' ... ... xd.

Aile Edward Lloyd p'aythe alowance for a qr' x\jd.
selers Dauid glover theld' in lycke man' ... xiiijc/.

Ric' Salter was longe sycke and p'aythe
alowance ... ,.. ... ... .. xiiij^.

Thomas Glover p'aythe alowance for half a
yere aledginge that he sold no alle for that
space ... ... ... ... ... xxd.

Robart ap Dauid p'aythe alowance for a q1*'

& more ... ... ... ... ... xvjd.

Wonffry gorton dothe ast alowance for a

qr'... xd.

It'm p'1 for a locke for blake yate y'the

alowance ... ... ... ... ... \ii\d.

Sm' xjs.

Sawingc of Cost' don vpon sawinge of a pece of tymber
a pece of intendinge to make a howse wth in the
tymber m'eket place wherfor this accomptant dothe

ast alowance for makinge of a pyt ... v'nyl.

It'm pd for sawing the sayde pece of tymber iiijs. viijd.
Allso pd for removinge of the sayde tymber

6s. 4d. to be from Mr Powell' orchearde by his howse ... xijd.

answered &pd Sm' vjs. iiijd.

Allso the sayde accomptaunt dothe ast
alowaunce for expences in the lawe at the
towne sute by a l're of atorney from the
most p'te of the burgeses for mackinge of
burgeses contrarye to the aunsient custom,
and spent the fyrst jurney in suynge furthe
of a comandement ... ... ... xiijs. xc^.

Itt'm spent the seconde jurney in xvj
dayes besyd' cost' of the cort at xvjd. eu'ye
da}Te ... ... ... ... ... xxjs. iiijcZ.

Itt'm pd to the counseler and to the ij
atturneys... ... ... ... ... vjs. viijcZ.

Itt'm pd for wryttinge vp of the Replica-

cion ... ... ... ... ... xvjt/.

Itt'm spent the thiyde jurney to the coun-

sayll in x dayes at xvjd a daye ... ... xiijs. i'vjd*

lt'm pd to my Counsler and to my attur-
neys vjs. viijrf.

Itm paydc for seinynge of the order ... ijd.

Allso spende at the heringe of the mat' in

the space of x j dayes at xvjd a daye ... xiiijs. viijcZ.

Itt'm payde to my counsler and to my

atturneys vjs. viijt/.

CORPORATION OF OSWESTRY.

77

Wheto

Maullt
Booohcrs

Cloves &
masos

Chese

It'm pay'd for a copcy of the order and for
wry tinge of the same

Sm' iujli. xiji.
Payments for the p'ovision of the gen'all
F east vnto the Cooburgesses accordinge to
the aimsient costom holdcii the vth daye of
Dcseinber in the thryde yere of the Rayne
of orsou'ayngc Ladye Elizabeth by the grace
of god queue of England &> at the makinge
of this accompte.

Fyrst the saydc aceomptaunt hathe payde
for ij stryckes and a hoope of whette for
bredc aud for peys ...
Allso payde for iij stryck' of maullt
Allso payde for a qr and ij rybes of byff ...

Allso payde for vtton for

to make . . . . s for this

for

iijli Ressyns

• • • • ep' ^ -

Allso payde for cloves mascs and saffron
Allso payde for synamon and sug'...
It'm pd for but' spent at this Feast
Allso payde for chesses

xijd.

Appelles and Allso pd for appell' and nyttes

xjs.
xijs.
vjs. v'ujd.

ijs. Y]d.

xijtf.

vijd,

vjd.

\}d.
viijd.
ijs. ixd.
xvjd.

nyttes Allso payde for a hoope of sallt for the

saullt byff xd.

Sm' xls. iiij'i.
Som totall allowinge the 41i. xijs for the cost
of the suite touching the adnichillac'on of
the burgesss Rcmanet vnpd xiiijd. allowing
the sd Hi, xijs,

This accompt was made before vs the
p'sous vndernamed, then bailiffs of the
said Towne.

John' Stanney
Thomas Evans.
[At the foot of the last page but one, there is the
following note struck out.]
This is the acompt of Richard ap L'len muringer of
the towne of Oswestre for and from the xijth day of
September in the yere of or sou'aynge Lady Elizabeth

No. IX.

Without date. About 1570.

Letter from the Lord to Bailiffs
respect of the non-repair of the walls.
Vol. hi.

and Muringers in

78

THE RECORDS OF THE

To the Bayly If s of my Towne of Oswestrey and the murin-
gers of the same.

Whereby the sufferaunce of me and myne auncestors youe
haue of long tyme receyvcd the threid part of the Tole of the
towne gayts of Oswestrey to be as I subpose bestowed upon
the amendement and reperacons of the towne walles as ned re-
quier, wch I ame informed youe convert to other purposes for
yor owne prlvayt vses and suffer the said wales to rone into
greatt ruen and decay e wherefore I will and requyre youe to
staye in yor hands all suchc monye as is or shalbe leaved vpon
that part of the tole sithens Michallmas last past vntle the
next grett leete to be holden at Oswestrey, and then to bringe
afore my steward the graunte whereby youe claime the same
and yf yt be thereby founde that youe haue altered the vse in
the bestowinge of the saide monye he is by me apoynted to
take ord' wth youe for the bestowinge thereof as yt was first e
meante wch yf youe fayle to doe or that my said steward shall
in defaultc of youe take no good ord' therein, Then I will you
staye the said monye in yor hands till such tyme as I

No. X.

22 May. 24th Eliz. 1582.

Book of Constitutions, Decrees, and Articles.
A hundred and seventy-five years had elapsed since
the Charter granted to the Burgesses by Bichard Earl
of Arundel and Surrey was passed in 1407. "By a
mysconstruyinge and mysconceavinge" of the privileges,
which they enjoyed, there had arisen " contincions and
suytes in lawe betweene the Burgesses to the greate
decaie of the Tonne," so it was needful that the rights
of all parties should be better defined, and this " Book
of Constitutions, Decrees, and Articles" was accordingly
assented to. No longer the Lord of Oswestry speaks
as (< We of our special grace and favour and by the
advice of our council," but in subordination to the
Sovereign he merely signs as one of the parties to the
Decree, while the Bailiffs of the Town sign on behalf of
the Burgesses. The Boyal Arms together with the
Earl of Arundell's are emblazoned on the margin of the
parchment. Before we transcribe the Decrees let us
notice the extinction of the feudal Lords of Oswestry,

CORPORATION OF OSWESTRY.

79

of whom we have had much to say in the earlier notes,
but shall have nothing more to say. "About the
beginning of this year (1580) Henry Fitzalan Earl of
Arundel rendered his soul to God, in whom was extinct
the surname of this noble family which had nourished
with great honour for three hundred years and more."
So Camden writes in his Britannia. In the person of
this Earl Henry the feudal Lords of Oswestry came to
an end. He was the son of the 9th Earl of Arundell
by the daughter of the 4th Earl of Northumberland.
He held many high offices near the throne, such as the
Presidency of the Council, the Stewardship of the
Household under Henry VIII., Mary, and Elizabeth.
In Mary's time he was Chancellor of the University of
Oxford. His opinions were not agreeable to Elizabeth,
for he was no favourer of the principles of the Reforma-
tion, and he disapproved of the proceedings taken
against Mary Queen of Scots. He spent much of his
time abroad, and. on his return introduced foreign
fashions ; the first coach ever seen in England was kept
by him. Towards the close of his life he passed many
months in imprisonment in the Tower. He married
Catherine, daughter of Thomas Grey, 2nd Marquess of
Dorset, by whom he left a daughter Mary, who married
Thomas, 4th Duke of Norfolk, and thus carried the
titles and honours and much of the property of the
House of Fitzalan into the House of Howard. Already
more than a century earlier, on the death of Thomas
Fitzalan without male issue, the heirship of the Earldom
of Surrey had passed by his daughter's marriage to the
Dukes of Norfolk of the Mowbray family. The title
of Earl of Surrey was revived by Richard III. in the
person of the eldest son of the 1st Duke of Norfolk of
the Howard surname.

The family of Howard, in whom the Barony of
Oswrestry, on the death of Henry Fitzalan in 1580, was
vested, were a knightly family in feudal times, but only
rose to the baronial rank at the very close of the feudal
period. They descend from William Howard, a Chief

80

THE RECORDS OF THE

Justice of the Common Pleas in the 14th Century. In
the 15th century, by the marriage of Sir Robert
Howard with the coheir of the Mowbray s, Dukes of
Norfolk, the family stept into the highest rank of
English nobility. The first Duke of Norfolk of the
Howard surname fell at Bosworth field on the side of
the hump-backed King. To him the doggrel lines were
sent on the eve of the battle.

Jockey of Norfolk be not too bold
Dickon thy master is bought and sold.

The second Duke was the victor of Flodden Field.
The third Duke, together with his son, the brilliant
Earl of Surrey, was impeached and condemned to death
at the end of the reign of Henry VIII. The son was
executed, but the father escaped by the timely death
of the King. The fourth Duke, who married the
heiress of the Fitzalans, perished on the scaffold in
1572, on a charge of communicating with Mary Queen
of Scots. His son Philip, the party to the " Constitu-
tions" before us, was the godson of Philip, King of Spain
and England. He lost his father's honours through
his attainder, but inherited in right of his mother the
Earldom of Arundel and the Shropshire Baronies
of Gun and Oswestry. He followed precisely in the
steps of his ancestors. Having for a time played a dis-
tinguished part in public affairs, and enjoyed in a high
degree the favour of Queen Elizabeth, he was attainted
as a Papist in 1590, sentenced to death, and imprisoned
in the Tower, where he died, not without suspicion of
poison, in the year 1595. He was the last Lord of the
blood of the Fitzalans who had proprietary interests in
Oswestry, though the title of Baron of Oswaldstree is
still associated with the Dukedom of Norfolk. On his
imprisonment and attainder his great estates were
forfeited to the Crown, the manors and royalties
attached to the Baronies of Gun and Oswestry were
granted to his great uncle, Henry Howard, created Earl
of Northampton, 2nd son of that Earl of Surrey who
was executed by Henry A7 1 II. The hospital of the

CORPORATION OF OSWESTRY.

81

Holy and Undivided Trinity at Gun, founded and en-
dowed by him in 1608, for the support of 16 male
inmates, the income of which is now JEl,800 a year,
mark his possession of the Shropshire estates of the Fitz-
alans. He died without issue in 1614, but a portion of
his Shropshire estates had been conveyed already to his
nephew, Thomas Howard, created Earl of Suffolk, the
half brother to Philip Earl of Arundel, who is party to
the " Book of Constitutions" before us. To that Earl
of Suffolk we shall have occasion hereafter to refer.

1582. 24 Elizabeth, 22 May.

" Constitutions, Decrees, and Articles."

Apud Charter House vicesimo secundo die Maij Anno
regni Domino nostre Elizabeth Dei graeia Anglie
Francie et Hibernie Regine fidei defensoris etc.,vicessimo
quarto.

Wheare the towne of Oswestrey in the Count ie of Saloppe
tyme oute of mynde hath bynne and yet is an auncient
Borroughe incorporated by sondrie grauntes and charters made
as well by some of her highnes moste noble progenitors as by
sondrie the auncestors of the righto honorable Philippe nowe
Earle of Arrundell havinge auctoritie thereunto by and vnder
them By reason whereof the Bailiffs of the saide Town haue by
like tyme vsed to hould plea in the Courte of the saide Towne
of sondrie kyndes of personall accon's and also were auctorizcd
to ellccte theire Bailitfes and Serieaimts at Mase there yerelie
and to make Burgenses there and to doe for the wealth of the
said towne per c'omune consilium ville predict beinge speciall
wordes contcyned in theire saide seuerall Charters Foras-
much as by mysconstruynge and myseonceavinge of the said
words of Comune Consilium sondrie actes which oughtc to haue
passed by a speciall c'omen Counsell to be nomynated in the
saide Towne haue benne don and proceaded in by the generall
voices of all the Coburgenses there; of which generall or
popular gouernmentc there grewe from tyme to tyme conten-
c'ons and suytes in la we bet wene the saide Burgenses to the
great decaie of the saide Towne Therefore for the reducynge
of the saide Towne to a more ccrten and speciall government

and appcasinge and quieting of such variances

in and about the p'misscs as maie hereafter arrise and growe
amongest the Burgenses there the const itucon's decrees and
articles hereafter following and subscribed are agreed vppon by

82

THE RECORDS OF THE

the Bailiffs and Burgen said Towne nowe

being with the assente and consente of the said right honorable
lord Phi Hippo no we Earlc of Arrundcll which said articles be
devised as well for the good and quiet government of the said
Towne hereafter as for the orderlie and spedie preceding and
indifferent triall to be had in all accon's depending or to be
depending in the Towne Courte there. 1. Firste that five
and Twentie persons of the Burgenses of the said Towne shalbe
presentlie ellected by the nomynac'on and appointment of the
steyward or vndcrsteyward and of the nowe Bailiffs there to be
with the Bailitis of the co'mon Counsell of the same Towne and
that they the said Five and twentie hensfurth shall associate
the Bailifts for the tyme being and shall doe and execute in
everie thing according toe their best skill all that which by
the said co'men Counsell shallbe from tyme to tyme cleter-
myned. 2. Item that p'sentlie after such ellecc'on by
voluntarie assente a corporall othe shalbe mynystred to the
said five and twentie persons or co'men Counsell and and to
eu'ye of them that they and eu'ye of them shall vprightlie and
sincerlic doe and execute all that hereafter in theis Articles they
are and be appointed and auctorizcd to doe. 8. Item that the
newe Bailiffs and Serients at Mase of the said Towne hensfurth
yerelie for to be ellected and chosen shalbe by the old Bailiffs
and by the said co'men Counsell or by the greater voices of
them chosen of the fyttest Burgenses of the said Towne the
same ellecc'on and choise to be yerelie made vppon the Fridaie
nexte after the Feaste of Saint Michaell Tharchangell in the fore
noone of the said daie And also that all Burgenses to be hcnse-
furth ellected and sworne in the said towne shalbe ellected by
the moste voices of the Bailiffs and co'men Counsell of the said
Towne for the tyme being. 4. Item that if the Bailiffs or
Sericants at Mase of the said Towne or any of them soe ellected
do fortune to deceasse within theyerc of their office then others
of the said Burgenses shalbe ellected by the survivinge
Bailiffs and the said co'men Coimeill in manner aforesaid in
their or his place or roome before the small Courte daie of
the said Towne nexte following the death of such Bailiffes
Bailiff Scricant or Seriecants. 5. Item when any of the co'men
Counsell shall remove his dwelling from the said Towne or
shall fortune to dye then one other of the said Burgenses there
to be placed in his roome by the moste voices of the Bailiffes
and the rest and residue of the said co'men Counsell then to be
livinge and dwellinge in the said Towne. (I. Item in
avoidinge of such contenc'on as tyme mine brecde amongc the
said Bailitis and co'men Counsell concerning the altcringe of

CORPORATION OF OSWESTRY.

83

such ellccc'on of the said newe Bailiffs and Serieants yt is agreed
that the olde Bailiff of the said Towne for the tyme being shall
forthwith after the said Bailiffs and co'men Counsell shall have
published their said ellccc'on of newe Bailiffs and Sereants
admytte the said newe chosen Bailiffs and Serieants into
their said offices and shall present le mynyster vnto them
(vpon their voluntarie assent) a corporall othe for the due and
vpright execuc'on of the same. 7. Item in avoidinge of such
contempte and disobedience as heretofore hath been vsed by
the Coburgenses towards the Bailiffs of the saide Towne for the
tyme being yt is agreed that eu ye Burgens of the said Towne
nowe being or which hereafter [shjalbe Burgens there shall
vppon like voluntarie assentc reecave a corporall othe to this
effocte (inter alia) viz to be loyall and faithfull to oure moste
gracious soueraignc Ladie the Quecnes Maiestie her heires and

successors and obedient to Maiesties lawes

and nexte to be loving© and dutyfull to the said Earle and his
heires and that he shalbe not onelie obedient to the Bailiffs of
the said Towne for the tyme being in all and eu'ye their law-
full charge and comaundement but. also shalbe to the beste oi
their skill and abilitic readie to assiste them as well in
thexecuc'on of all her Maiesties writts or processes to be to them
directed and defined as in thexecuc'on of all and eu'ye other
thinge concerninge co'men Justice the p'seruac'on of her
Maiesties peace and the wealth of the towne. 8. Item that
it shalbe lawfull for the Bailiffes and co'men Counsell there of
said Towne for the tyme beinge or the greater nomber of them
not onlie vppon lawfull and sufficient cause to putt out and
displace any of the Officers ellected and Burgenses of the said
Towne of his or their Office and Burgenshippe or fredome of
the saide towne but also vppon the submission of eu'ye such
disfraunched Burgenses to restore hym and them into their
former fredome and Burgenshippe and to recorde the same
disfranchesement submission ami restituc'on into the llegister
bookc of the said Towne. \). Item in avoydinge of contenc'on
and questions arryseing among the said Burgenses touching
the freed ome of c'ten foraine Burgenses yt is agreed that the
Bailiffs of the said Towne for the tyme being shall deliuer to
eu'ye p'son and p'sons notoriouslie knowne to them and to the
co'men Counsell of the said towne to be Burgenses or which
shalbe able to make due prooff before the said Bailiffs and
co'men Counsell that they be Burgenses there an instrument
or wryting in parchement vnder the co'men scale of the saide
towne and handwriting of the said Bailiffs p'portinge that they
were found tried and be Burgenses and Freemen of the said

84

THE RECORDS OF THE

towne and for cu'ye such instrument and writing shall take
and receave twelve pence and no more viz fowre pence for the
writer and fowre pence to either of the said Bailiffs for their
paines in examynac'on of the matter of the said Burgenscs and
fredome. 10. Item that open proclamco'n shalbe made in
the church and market there that no person nowe being a
Burgens in the said towne shall occupie and enioye the libertie
and fredome of the same vnless he will be directed by the
good advise of the said Bailiffs and comen Counsell or the
greater number of them and take out his said instrument or
writing vnder the said co'men seale in forme aforesaid p'portinge
that he is a Burgens there and if he within that tyme wilbe
remysse in the premisses then to be disfranchezed and put
beside his fredome vntill he shalbee reformed. 11. Item that
the Bailiffs of the towne for the tvme being at all tymes from and
after the feaste of Saint Michael! Tharchangell nexte shall have
and receave the yerelie Fee of Fortie shillings heretofore due to
the Muryngcrs of the said towne and the Fortie shillings Fee
and stallage money heretofore vsed to be paid to them and by
them receaved and levied and in considerac'on thereof they by
them selves or their sufficient Deputie or Deputies shall not
onlie see to the rep'aco'n of the walles of the said towme but
also shalle collecte the tenserie money and stallage money
heretofore levied by the said Muringers to the vse of the
rep'aco'n and maintenance of the pavements of the streats of
the said towne and shall see the same yerelie bestowed to that
vse and vppon the rep'aco'n of the prison houses of the said
towne and for bueyng of boultes and loekes for prisoners from
tyme to tyme as occasion shall require, 12, Item that for the
arrest of everie p'son to aunswer a . . . . any acco'n in
the said towne the said Bailiffs shall have and receave of eu'ye
partie plaintif in such acco'n fowre pence viz two pence to
either of them and of eu'ye plaintif for eu'ye recoverie, iudge-

ment and cxecuc'on awarded in eu'ye such

sixe pence viz three pence to cither of them for their paines
in p'osing and signinge of eu'ye such capias arrest and lor
eu'ye such, capias ad satisfaciend as shalbe broughtc to them
to be signed with their hands concerninge the said acco'ns

. es. 13. Item that the Bailiffs of the said

towne for the tyme beinge shall foresee that eu'ye acco'n
depending or to be depending in the said towne Courte
shalbe proceded in with such spede as the lawes and statut' of

this Realme have and sett downe and that

cu'ye delaie vsed or to be vsed by any of the plaintiffs in the
said acco'ns shalbe ponished by peyment of costs to the

CORPORATION OF OSWESTRY.

85

defendant' as also is limited by the said lawes and statut'.

14. Item that one essoyne or defaulte may be

graimted to eu'ye defendant and that his answere be putt in at
the second Courte daie nexte after the tyme of his arresting.

15. Item that no essoyne shalbe admytted in arreste or staie

of the trial! of any aeco'n or aeco'ns th s in

la we reason and good discreco'n for to be allowed. 16. Item
the said righte honorable Earle p'myseth that the deputi-
steyward of the said Towne shalbe learned in the lawes or of
good experience aswell to assiste the said Bailiffs for . . .
keping of the towne courte as to sett in iudgement in the
Countre}^ Courte. 17. Item that fowre attorneys and no
more shalbe ellected by the Bailiffs of the said towne to serve
in the towne Courte there and that eu'ry attorney of the said
towne Courte shall take a corporall othe for the due execuco'n
of his Attorneyshippe there and shalbe further sworne that
eu'ye of them shalbe at the lawfull co'maundement of the said
Bailiffs and shall not vse nor practise any sinister delaie in any
aeco'n or aeco'ns there so that eu'ye of her maiesties subjects
shall and maie haue triall in their aeco'ns there depending
with convenient spede. IS. Item that eu'ye Burgesse of the
said towne and dwelling within the Countie of Salop'p or
within seaven myles of the said towne maie ons in everie seven
yeres be ellected in manner aforesaide to be Bailiff of the said
towne and that eu'ye such Burgens so ellected Bailiff shall for
the yere of his office dwell in the said towne or if he refuse so
to doe shall paie for his fyne for his said refusall the so'me of
Fortie shillings to the vse of such of the Burgenses of the said
towne as for that yere shalbe contented to beare the same
office towards his charg' the same yere or to some other such
good vse as to the Bailiffs and co'men Counsell of the said
towne shalbe thoughte mete and conuenient and if he refuse to
paie the said Fortie shilling' then to be discontinued of his
freedomc and disfranchesed vntill he shall eonforme hym selfe
to paie the same. 19. Item that Inhabitants of the saide
towne shalbe free and discharged for payment of tolle in the
said towne as tyme out of mynde they have ben. 20. Item
that all waiffes strayes fflons goods dcodands heriotts relieffs
issues and postfynes arrising within the tranches and lord-
shippo of Oswester be rcgistred in a booke Indented betwene
the Bailiffs and Reccyvor &c so as my lord maie be trulic
aunswered of the same. 21. Item that the Burgenses of the
said towne shall hensfurth have and enioye such p'eells of land
within the said towne and Franches eo'monlie called the
Burgenses co'mons as tyme out of mynde they have had and

Vol. hi. m

86

THE RECORDS OF THE

enioicd the same. In considerac'on of all which agreement and
to the intente the said Bailiffs and Burgenses maye she we
their loyaltie and hartic good will to the said noble Earle the
said Bailiffs and Burgenses doe hereby yeld vndertake and
p'myse to pale to the said Earle the some of one himdreth
pounds. Prouided neuerthelesse and it is further agreed that
it shalbe lawfull for the said Bailiffs and co'men Counsell or
the moste of them from tyme to tyme as occasion shall requier
by the consent of my Lord or his Counsell to alter dimi'she or
add vnto theis articles suche other matter or articles as
experience shall teach them to be for the quiet and wealth
of the saide towne. Prouided also and it is further agreed
that theis articles nor any of them shall extend to p'iudice
the said righte honorable Earle nor his heires nor any of his
Farmors for or concernynge any p'fitte or co'moditie due
of righte to the said Earle or his heires or his said Farmors
but that it shalbe lawfull to the said Earle and his heires as
occasion or experience shall teach to alter inlarge or abridge
the articles p'mysed or any of the same for the better govern-
ment of the said Borrough or for recontyninge any former
righte or p'fitte due or apperteyninge to hym or them as lord
or lords, of the said Borroughe any article clause or matter to
the contrarye hereof p'mysed in any wise notwithstandinge.
Prouided also that no Shrowsbery man be hensfurth made
Burgens in the said Towne of Oswester but vppon condic'on
that he take the benyfitte of his Burg-enshippe during the tyme
he shall dwell and eontynue his habit aco'n in the said Towne
of Oswester and no longer. In wytnes of the p'misses the said
righte honorable Earle of Armndell hath hereunto subscribed
his name and setto his scale the daie and yere above written.

To theise I agree Thomas Evance ^ then Bailifs of the
so far as I may. >said Towne did also

Arundell. Rychard Wil'ms J herevnto agree.

ABSTRACT OF THE FOREGOING.

The articles are subscribed and agreed to by the Bailiffs and
Burgesses, with the assent and consent of the Earl of Arundell.

The Common Council is to consist of tAventy-hve Burgesses
and the two Bailiffs. In the first instance the twenty-live are
to be nominated by the Steward or Understeward and the
Bailiffs ; the election for vacancies is afterwards to be in the
hands of the Common Council and Bailiffs.

The Bailiffs and Sergeants-at-mace are to be yearly elected
by the Common Council.

The Burgesses are to be elected by the Common Council.

CORPORATION OF OSWESTRY.

87

A fee of 12 pence is to be charged for every certificate of
Burgesship, which every Burgess is bound to take out. The
fee is to be divided equally between the two Bailiffs and the
Clerk.

The fee of 40 shillings formerly paid to the Muringers is to
be paid to the Bailiffs, and also the fee of 40 shillings for stallage,
and the" tensery money" (i. c. a poll tax of one groate), in con-
sideration of which the Bailiffs shall keep in repair the walls, the
pavement, and the prison houses, and buy bolts and locks for
the prisoners.

A fee of 2d. is to be paid to each Bailiff for every action
brought in the Borough Court, and a fee of 3d. to each. Bailiff
for every recovery of judgment.

The Earl promises that the Deputy-steward shall be learned
in the laws, so as to be able to assist the Bailiffs.

Four attorneys and no more (to be elected by the Bailiffs)
are to practise in the town court.

Every Burgess living within the county of Salop, or within
seven miles of Oswestry, is eligible once in seven years to be
elected Bailiff. Fine for refusal to serve, 40s.

The parcel of land within the town called the Burgesses'
commons belongs to the Burgesses.

The Burgesses are to pay £100 to the Earl in consideration
of this agreement.

No Shrewsbury man to be made a Burgess except on con-
dition of residence in Oswestry.

No. XL
16 Oct. 1582.
Letter of the Earl of Arundell.
This is a copy. It is stated that the original is much
decayed, and it has now altogether disappeared. The
letter is signed simply " Arundell/' The writer was
Philip, not Thomas or William, as the endorsement
erroneously states.

Whcare I am informed that the Bakers of the Towne of
Oswaldestrie wer by myne auncestors the Earles of Arundell
encorporated by charter which about xxx yeares past was
burnte by reason of the want there of and by your negligence
you sufferd fforcyners dwelling out of the saide Towne and
also forcyners dwellinge within the same Towne to bake not
regarding the kepingc of the assise thereof nor yet whether the
same be made good and hoi some as by the lawes and statutes

88

TKE RECORDS OF THE

of the Bealme you are bounde to look into and see alio such
persons as shall ofTende herein dewlie punisshed These are
therfor to will and charge you ymmediatlie upon the receipte
herof you do travayle herein to shut oute all foreigners being
Bakers and to advaunce all suche as are free and be encorpo-
rated within yor Towne and yet no further of them than their
habilitie and their good order in kepinge of the assise and
makinge the brede noisome shall allow you and to allow of
foreyners yf the habilitie of the Bakers which be encorporated
be not able to serve the Towne. To the ende the Towne may
not be unserved and. yet have regarde to the assise and to the
holsomnes of the same and to the preservacon of my inheri-
tance of all which I praie you to take good care and diligence,
flare you well. From Arundell house the XVIth of October
1582.

yor loving frend

Arundell

XII.

12 June. 30 Eliz, 1588.
Order by the Council of Wales concerning the
" Book of Constitutions."

In this defaced document we recognize the appearance
of a new local authority. In the developement of
well-ordered government the personal jurisdiction of
individual Lords Marchers by degrees yielded to the
authority to the State as represented by the Crown.
So the transfer of the power of the nobility to the
Sovereign was a step towards constitutional Govern-
ment. Confiscation and execution had broken the
strength of the feudal lamilies during the long wars of
the Hoses. The influence of the Crown was beyond
doubt dangerously magnified in the reigns of the
Tudors, while the authority of Parliament was not yet
firmly established.

We have before us an example of the transitional
jurisdiction of the now forgotten Court of the Marches.
The Court of the Marches of Wales was established by
Edward IV., in 1478, and was abolished in the first
year of William and Mary, 1GS9. It owed its institu-
tion at first to the prerogative royal, nor was it con-

COKP ORATION

OF

OSWESTRY.

89

firmed by Parliament till the 34th Henry VIII. , 1543
(Clive's Ludlow, p. 12). It consisted of a Lord Presi-
dent, Vice President, and Council, all nominated by the
Crown. Its jurisdiction extended over North and
South Wales, and through the counties of Gloucester,
Worcester, Hereford, Monmouth, and Salop. The
Court was itinerant, but its principal residence was at
Ludlow, in honour of the Mortimers, Earls of March,
from whom Edward IV. was descended. The old Lords
Marchers were incorporated into the Court. The Prince
of Wales, the son of Edward IV., was sent to Ludlow
at the institution of the Court , under the governorship of
Widville, Earl lliviers, i( for justice to be doen in the
Marches of Wales, to the end that by the authoritie of
his presence the wild e Welshmeime and evill disposed per-
sonnes should refrain from their accustomed murthers and
outrages/' (Extract from " Hall's Chronicle" in Clive's
Ludlow.) The members of the Court were all nomina-
ted by the Crown, and were selected from the Bishops,
temporal peers, and principal gentlemen of Wales and the
border counties ; the J uclges of North and South AVales,
and the Chief Justice of Chester, one of whom was
usually Chief Justice of the Court of the Marches, were
among its ' ' ex-olhcio" members. The Earl of Pembroke,
during whose presidency the present case came on, was
in office from 1580 to 1601.

The order is dated from Bewdley. The dispute
appears to have arisen in reference to the " Book of
Constitutions," which had lately explained the respec-
tive rights and privileges of the Lord and the Burgesses.
The Earl of Arundell (Philip Howard, the grandson of
Henry Fitzalan,) was the plaintiff, and 1Hugli Yale and

1 Hugh Yale was sworn a burgess on the 3rd of October, 1578,
having been elected t3 his burgesship before, " in consideration of
divers <yood turns and benevolence done and bestowed to the towne
by the lit. Worshipped Mr. Thomas Yale his brother deceysed doctor
of the lawe." He was chosen bailiff for the ensuing year, 1579, with
Mr. John Trevor. [Extracts from Corp. Reo. published in Bye-goncs
for 1878, p. 126.] To this Hugh Yale, and Dorothy his wife, daughter

90

THE RECORDS OF THE

others the defendants. The order of the Court was that
the " Book of Constitutions" should be delivered to the
Clerk of the Court to be copied, and that any one
interested should then get a copy of it under the seale
of the Court, after which the " Book" was to be delivered
back to the Bailiffs, and kept by them " and their
successors safely and uncancelled."

1588. SO Elizabeth. 12 June.
Order by the Council of Wales concerning
the Book of Constitutions.

%r t£ %

* Mases Seales Measures Boultes bookes ch'rs locks and thicks
app'ten't to the officers of the said towne and therefore prayed
deliu'y of the said booke of constituco'ns according to the
meaning of the said order and for that it was alledged on the
defts behalf that the deliuery upp of the said booke might be
p'iudiciall to the estate of the said town and to the late officers
there, and hurtefull to diu'se meane Acts made and proceading
AVth in the same towne wch was executed and done by vertue
and warrant in the same booke conteigned as is alledged
Therefore and to the ende this Counsaill would not p'iudice
either p'ties interest, or hinder their supposed doings, but that
eche p'ties right auctorities and actes should be p'served. It is
by the said Counsaill for the consideraco ns aforesaid considered
and ordered that the said deff1 shall furthwth deliuer to the
handes of the Chief Gierke attendinge this Counsaill the said
booke of Constituco'ns to the ende thetrew copy thereof vnder
his teste may be made and wth hym remayne of record in this
Cort and to thende the said dell1 or any other of the said
Towne of Oswestree wthin one moneth next ensuinge the date
herof may at their pleasure take a like coppy therof vnder teste
of this Cort or exemplifyed under the seale of the same Cort (yf
he or they so list) and this order to be a sufficient warrant in that

of Roger Roden, Esq., of Burton, in the co'y of Denbigh, a handsome
monument remains in St. Oswald's Church, of the date 1G1G. They
gave, it records, " to ye poore of this town the yearly interest and
benefice of one hundred pounds, to continue for ever ; besides other
good acts of charity." Two other inscriptions are attached to the
tomb in memory of members of the same family — one to Edward Yale,
who died in 1721, and the other to David Yale, who died in 1763.
From the frequent mention of Hugh Yale in the Corporation Records
of the Elizabethan period, he appears to have taken a leading part
in the affairs of his native town.

CORPORATION OF OSWESTRY.

91

behalf to the Secretarye and Clerke of the Counsaill and then
the said booke to be sent and deliu'ed to the now BayliefTs of
the said towne, and to be kept by them and their successors
amongest the records of this Corporaco'n safely and vncan-
cellcd and the said plaintif to be at libertie also yf he so list to
exemplyfye the copy of the said former order taken in this
Court betwene the said Earle now plaintif against the said
Hugh Yale and others derf 3 dated Septimo February Anno
Ilegm Elizabeth Ilegine &c xxxo. and the same to be fyled
fixed and anexed to the said booke of Constituco'ns, there
together to remayne so fyled and fixed vntill this Court shall
otherwise take order therein, Quern quid'e ordin'e superius
speeilica't ad humile requisitione p'd Comi't, subsigillo n'ro c'u
Conciho n'ro in M'chjis AVallie p'd rcmane'n duximus fore exem-
plificand', Teste charissimo Consanguinio n'ro Henrico Comi't
Pembrok, Dn'o president diet' concilij n'ri Dat apu'd Bewdley
xij° die Junij Anno Regni n'ri xxxo 1588.
Exami'atur p'
Gruff Evans Jun'

T , ,1 T. 1588 Shere

Lo ds Brance

No. XIII.
38 Eliz. 1596.
This is merely a formal postponement of the hearing
of a case before the Court of the Marches at Bewdley .°
25 June 38 Eliz. ) Order by the Lord President and Council
Bewdley jof the Marches of Wales, between Henry
Jonse M.A. Plaintiff and Edward Hanmer Defendant to defer
hearing until 30 November the Defendant being high collector
of H.M. subsidies and having to repair to London. °

1 I presume that this Edward Hanmer was one of the family of
Pentrepant, near Oswestry. Of this family was John Hanmer, Bishop
of St. Asaph, who lived at Pentrepant, and was buried at Selattyn in
1G29. In St. Oswald's Church is an inscription to Edward Hanmer
gent, who died in 1773, aged 34, and to Mr. Thomas Edward
(Hanmer), who died in 1735, aged 50. The main stock, however,
of the Hanmers became merged into the family of Strudwick by the
marriage of Mary Hanmer witli Henry Strudwick, of Gt, Marlborough
St., London, in 1741. She was the only child of Rice Hanmer and
Mary, dau'r. of John Phillips, of Harwell, co. Salop. The Trustees
of the marr'. settlement dated 1714, were William Owen, of
jorkington, and Thos. Lloyd, of Overton Fcrringeyco. Flint. The
Y\ ltnesscs were Richard and Thomas, Hanmer, and J. Wvnn By the
mamage of Mary d. & h, of Henry Strudwick, with the Rev. Georo-o
Warrington, Rector of Plcasley, eo. Derby, and of Hope, co. Flint,

V oh. in. N

92

the records of the

No. XIV.
6 June. 39 Eliz., 1597.
Tliis is a simple lease of a tenement belonging to the
Burgesses.
0) Richard Drihurste j ^m f Q

I nomas Cooper j J
to

Edward Williams glover

Lease for 21 years of a chamber or sollers
part of the Market-house between the chamber now in the
tenure of the mercers of the said town and the chamber now
in the tenure of Hugh-ap- William glover. Rent 5/.

XV.

24 Oct., 1600. 42 Eliz.
" Quo Warranto."
The following is a list of the principal of the rights
and privileges concerning which the Attorney-General,
2Thomas Egerton, enquires " by what warrant" they are
enjoyed.

Courts Leet and view of Frankpledge.
Two Sergeants at Mace.
Constables.

Assize of bread, wine, ale, and other victuals.
Scrutiny of weights and measures.
Punishments of pillory, t umbrel, and stake.

the Warringtons became the owners of Pentrepant. George Henry
Warrington, son of the above, married in 1791 the daur, of John
Carew, of East Antony, Cornwall, and heiress of Carew Castle, co.
Pembroke. He assumed the surname of Carew in 1811. The present
(1879) representative of the family is Edmund George Carew, born
1860, of Carew Castle, co. Pembroke, Crowcombe, co, Somerset, and
Pentrepant, co, Salop. A good deal of the old house of Pentrepant
remains, but the exterior lias been modernised.

1 A Peter Drihurste was elected a burgess in 1578, but died before
he was admitted to his burgesship. [Extract of Corp. Pec. pub. in
Bye-goncSy 1878, p. 12G.] A Rich. Drihurste and Ric. Lloyd were
parties to " Articles made with John Kiffin " on his admission as
master of Oswestry School, [ttye-gones, 1879, p. 321,]

2 Afterwards better known as Lord Chancellor Ellesmerc. He was
also created Viscount Brackley, and on his death-bed was offered the
Earldom of Bridgewatei*. He is said to have bought more land than
any other Lord Chancellor before him, and to have nevertheless
received from his friends the epithet of*' munda manus," or " clean-
handed." Erom him the present Earl Brownlow is descended.

CORPORATION OF OSWESTRY,

93

Courts of Record every three weeks.

Right to fines, penalties, waifs, strays, goods of felons and

outlaws, Deodands, Tolls of fairs.
Right to make ordinances.
Right to elect Bailiffs and Burgesses.
Right to fees for making new Burgesses, and to tolls,

piccage, stallage, " le tyncery," i. e., a poll tax of a

groate from every freeman.

The Burgesses appeared to the " Quo Warranto" by
John Harborne, attorney.

1G00. 42 Elizabeth, 24 Oct.
Quo Warranto against the Bailiffs and Burgesses
of Oswestry.

Elizabeth dei g'ra AngT Franc' 't Hib'nie Regina ndei defensor
t'c O'mibz ad quos p'sent l're n're p'ven'int salt'm Inspexim'
quodd'm Record'u coram nob' h'itm in hec v'ba — P'tita coram
D'ne Regina apud West'm T'mio S'ci Hillarij anno regni Dn'e
Elizabeth nunc Regine Angl* Tricesimo nono R'o xix° int' plit'
Regine — Memorand' qd' Thomas Egerton nu'p' Armiger ac
nu'p' attor'n Dn'e Regine gen'al qui p'eadem Dn'a Regina in
hac p't sequebatur ve'n hie in Cu'r d'ee D'n'e Regine coram
i'pa regina apud Westm' die Lune p'x post Cr'm Pu'r b'te
Marie Anno regni d'ee Dn'e Regine nunc* tricesimo sexto Et
p'tulit hie in Cu'r de'e Dn'e Regine tunc ib'm quand'm Infor-
maco'nem v'sus Ball'ios 't Burgenses Burgi sine ville de
Oswestry in Co'm Salo'p Que sequit111* in hec v'ba — Salop p'
Memorand' q'd Thomas Egerton Armiger Attorn' Dn'e Regine
nunc' gen'alis qui p' ead'm Dn'a Regina in hac p'te sequitur
ve'n hie in Cu'r d'ee Dn'e Regine coram ip'a Regina apud
AVestm' die lune p'x post Cr'm Purificaco'nis b'te Marie vir-
ginis isto eod'm T'm'io Et p' ead'm Dn'a Regina dat Cu'r hie
intelligi 't informari q'd Ballini 't Burgen's Burgi siue ville de
Oswestry in Co'm Salop' p'dict' p' spaciu' vnius Anni iam vlt'
elap's 't amplius vsi fue'r 't adhuc vtunturabsqz aliquo warranto
auctoritate siue regali concessione infra p'dic't Burgu' siue
villam de Oswestry in d'eo Co'm Salop ac infra limites 5t
p'cinct' eiusd'm din's lib' tat' privileg' & Tranches' seque'n videl't
h'ere & tenere infra Burgu' siue villam p'dict' Cur' cu' let' vis'
Franc' pleg' om'in Inh'iban' & residenc' infra Burgu' sive
villam p'dict' & limites & p'cinct' eiusd'm ac faccre & con-
stituere infra Burgu' siue villam p'dict <hios s'uient' ad clavam
Necnon h'ere ib'm elecc'onem & noiaco'nem Constabular' ac
alior' oflic' & ministror' d'ee Dn'e Regine infra Burgu' siue
villam p'dict' correcco'nem & exa'iaco'nem ass'ie panis vini &
s'uisse k alior' victual' Scrutinu' ponderu' & mensuran'

94

THE RECORDS OF THE

pilloriu' Tumbrellu' & Furcas p' malefco'ribz infra Burgu* sine
villain p'dict' & limit' & p'cinct' eiusdm' pnniend' ac om'ia que
ad Cur' let' & vis' Franc' pleg' spectant & p'tinent ac h'ere &
tenere infra Burgu' siue villain p'dict' quand'mCur' de recordo
de tribz septimanis in tres septimanas & tenere pl'ita quecungz
infra eand'm Cur' de om'ibz & om'iod' acco'nibz p'sonal' ad
qamcu'qz sumam attingcn' & vbicu'qz em'gen' necnon
attaehiarc & arrestare p' s'uien ad clavam corpora defenden'
in eisd'm pl'itis & cos imprisonare ad libit'm eor'd'm Ball'ior'
ac h'ere & p'cip'e ad eor' p'pr' vsus om'ia & om'iod' fines p'ficua
exit & am'ciement' infra p'dict' sep'al' Cur' acciden' crescen'
siue emergen' ac h'ere infra Burgu' siue villain p'dict' retoru'
oin'iu, & sing'lor' breu' & p'cess d'ce D'ne Regine ac h'ere ib'm
om'ia bona & cattalla waniat' & extrahur' voc' wayffs & stray
infra Burgu' siue villain p'dict' & limit' & p'cinct' eiusdm' con-
tingen & acciden' Necnon h'ere ib'm om'nia bona & cattalla
felonu' fugitivor& vtlagat' felonu' de se deodand' & Thesauru'
invent' ac h'ere tenere & gaudere infra villain siue Burgu
p'dict' k infra limit' et p'cinct' eiusd'm tres Ferias siue
Nundinas anuatim tenend' ac h'ere ad eor' p'priu' vsum om'ia
p'ficua k advantag' que ad h'mo'i Ferias siue Nundinas spec-
tant k p'tinent Ac ceiam facere & constituere leges & ordina-
c'ones non solu' ligare om'es Inhi'tant' k resident' Burgi siue
ville p'dc'e sed eciam om'es alios ad eundem' Burgu' siue villam
venient' Ac vlt'ius h'ere elecc'onem k no'iac'onem Balliuor'
Burgi siue ville p'dce' Ac eligere facere constituere lib'os
Burgens' infra Burgu' siue villam p'dict' necnon h'ere p'cip'e
ad eor p'pr' vsu' lines' p' facc'one novor' Burgens' infra Burgu'
siue villam p'dict' ac h'ere & gaudere infra Burgu' siue villam
p'dict' Tolnet' picag' stallagiu' k le tyncery Anglice A groate
for the polle of every free man within the Towne ad vsum
sun' p'pr' com'itere i: h'ere De quibz om'ibz k sing'lis lib'tat'
privileg' & Franches' p'dict' ijd'm Ballivi k Burgens p' totu'
tempus sup'dc'm sup' dca'm Dn'am Reginam nunc vsurpauer'
k adhuc vsurpant in dc'e Dn'e Regine nunc contempt' k sue
regi p'rogatiue gaue' dampnu' k p'iudiciu' vnde id'rn Attorn'
Dn'e Regine p' ead'm D'na Regina pet' aduisament' Cu'r in
p'miss' k debt'm legis p'eessu' v'sus p'fat' Ballios k Burgenses
m hac p'te fieri ad respondend' dc'e Dn'e Regine quo warranto
clam' h'ere tenere vti & gaudere lib'tat' privileg' k Franches'
sup'dc'is — p' quod p'cept' fuit vie' q'd non omitt' kc quin
venire fae'et eos ad respondend' kc' Et modo scil't die lune p'x
post Octab' Sc'i Hillarij isto eod'm T'm'io coram D'na Regina
apud Westm' ven' p'dict' balliui k Burgenses Burgi sine ville
de Oswestry p'dict' p' Joli'em Harborne Attorn' Et h'ito attditu
Informac'onis p'd'ce dicunt qd' ip'i non intendunt q'1' d'ea D'na

CORPORATION" OF OSWESTRY.

95

Regina nunc ip'os Ballios k Burgenses occo'ne p'missor' in
informaco'ne p'd'ca spec' ult'ius impet'e sen occo'nare velit aut
debet, Quia quoad hoc q'd ip'i ijdm Balliui k Burgen-
ses clam' h'erc tenere infra villain p'dict' Cur' cu' let' k vis'
Franc' plog' om'iu' Inh'itan' k resident' eiusd'm ville ac facere
k constituere infra eand'm villain duos servient ad clavam
necnon h'ere ib'm elecc'onem no'iaconem Constabular' k
om'iu' alior' offic' k ministror' d'ee Dne Regine infra eandni'
villain & correcc'onem Ass'ie panis vini k s'uisie k alior'
victualiu' serutinu' ponderu' k mensuran' pilloriu' Tumbrellu' k
furcas p' malefc'oribz puniend' Et h'ere om'ia que ad Cur' le't
vis' Franc' pleg' p'tinent Ac h'ere & tenere infra villam
p'd'eam quand'm Cur' de recordo de tribz septimanis in
tres septiinanas k tenere pl'ita quecunqz infra ead'm Cur'
de om'ibz k o'imod' acco'nibz p'sonalibz ad q'mcunqz
sum'am attenge'n k vbicu'qz emergen' Necnon attach-
iare k arrestaro corpora defenden' m eisd'm pl'itis k eos
hnprisonare necnon h'ere infra villam p'dict k limites k
p'cinct' eiusd'm tres Fori as sine Nundinas anuatim tenend' k
h'ere ad eor' p'pr' vsum om'ia p'ficua & advantag' que ad h'mo'i
ferias sine Nundinas p'tinent ac eciam facere k constituere
leges k ordinac'ones non solu' ligare om'es Inh'itant' k resident'
ville p'd'ce sed eciam om'es alios ad eand'm villam venient'
Ac h'ere elecc'on k no'iac'onem Balliuom' Burgi p'de'e Ac eligere
facere k constituere lib'os Burgens' infra Burgu' p'dict' Necnon
h'ere k p'cip'e ad eor' p'p'r vsum fines p' fac'co'ne novor' Bur-
gensiu' infra Burgu' p'dict' Ac h'ere infra Burgu' p'dict' Tolnet'
picag' stallag' & le tyncery Anglice A groate for the polle of
eu'ye free man within the towne k ad vsum sun' p'pr' conu'tere
ijd'm Balliui & Burgen's die' q'd p'dc'a villa de Oswestry est
antiquus Burg' sine villa. Et q'd id'm Burgus est & a toto
tempore cuius contrary memoria homin' non existit fuit incor-
porat' p' nomen Balliuor' k Burgensiu' Burgi p'dc'i Et qd balliui
k Burgens eiusdm' ville sine Burgi k om'es p'decessores sui
A tempore cuius contrarij memoria homiu' non existit Ii'uer'
tenuerunt vsi k gauisi fuer' Ac h'ere tenere vti «fc gaudere
consueucr' infra villam p'dict' Cur' cu' let' k vis' Franc' pleg'
om'iu' Inh'itanc' & residenc' eiusd'm ville tenend' coram
Balliuis ville sine Burgi p'dict' p' tempore oxisten' Ac facere
k constituere infra ^ constituere infra eand'm villam duos
s'uient' ad clavum necnon h'ere ib'm elee'eonem & no'iac'onem
Constabular' k om'iu' al' offic' k ministror de'e Dn'e Regine
infra eand'm villam k correcc'onem Ass'ie panis vini & s'uitie
k al' victual' serutinu' ponderu' vV: mensuran' pilloriu' tum-
brellu k furcas p' malefc'oribz puniend' Et h'ere om'ia que ad
Cur' let' & vis' Franc pleg' p'tinent' Et q'd ijd'm Balliui k

9G THE BECOmS OF THE

Burgenses ville p'diet' sine Burgi A toto tempore supac'o
h'uerunt & tenuerunt ac li'ere tenere vti & gaudere consueuer'
infra villam p'diet' coram Ballijs eund'm Burgi sine ville p*
tempore existen' quand'm Cur de recordo de tribz septimanis m
tres septimanas & tenere pl'ita quecu'qz infra eand'm Cur' de
om'ibz & o'imo'd acc'nibz p'sonalibz ad qa'mcunqz sumam atting'
& vbicu'qz emergen' necnon attachiare k> arrestare corpora
defenden' in eisd'm pl'itis cos imprisonare scd'm legem &
consuetud' regni Angi' Necnon a toto tempore supaclc'o h'uer'
tenuer' vsi & gauisi fuerunt ac li'ere tenere vti & gaudere
consueuer infra villam p'dictam & limit' & p'cinct' eiusd'm tres
Ferias siue Nundinas an'uatim tenend' videl't vnam Feriam
sine Nundinu' in vigillia ^ in die S'ce Andree Ap'pli & p' duos
dies px' sequen' duratur' quolib't anno tenend' alt'am Feriam
siue Nundinu' in vigillia & in die Ap'plon' Ph'i & Jacobi & p'
duos dies p'x sequen' quolib't anno tenend' & t'ciam Feriam
siue Nundinu' in vigillia & die S'ci Oswaldi S: p' duos dies p'x
sequen' quolibt' anno tenend' & li'ere ad eon' p'priu' vsum om'ia
p'ncua & advantag' que ad h'ni'oi Ferias siue Nundin' p'tinent
aceciam faeere & const ituere leges £ ordinac'ones non solu'
ligare om'es Inli'itant' & resident' ville p'de'e sed eciam om'es
alios ad eand'm villam venient' virtute cujus ijd'm Balliui &
Burgenses ville siue Burgi p'dc'i p' tempore existend' om'es &
sing'las lib'tat' Franches' & privileg' p'diet' in informac'one
p'diet' p' ip'os ballios & Burgenses in forma, p'd'ca clamat' &
vindicat' p' tempus p'diet' in Informac'one p'dc'a spec' h'uer'
tenuer' vsi & gauisi fuer' Ac li'ere tenere vti & gaudere
consueuer' & adhue vtunt11' p'ut eis bene licuit Et quoad hoc
q'd ip'i ijd'm Balliui clam' attachiare & arrestare corpora defen-
den' in p'diet' pl'itis & eos imprisonare ad lib'it' eor'dm
Ballior' Ac li'ere ad cor' vsum p'priu om'ia & oi'mod' fines
p'ficua exit' & am'ciament' queeunqz' infra p'diet' villam acci-
den' crcscen' siue emergen' Et h'ere infra eand'm villam retorn'
& exeeuc' o'miu' breu' & p'cess' de'e D'ne Regine Necnon
li'ere ib'm om'ia bona & cattalla warriat' & cxtrahur' voc
wayffes & strayes infra villam p'diet' & limites eiusd'm acciden'
ac om'ia bona & cattalla felonn' fugitiuov' & vtlagat' fclonu'
de se deodand' & thesauru invent' ijdm' Balliui & Burgenses
die' q'd ip'i lib'tat' privileg' & Franches' ill' sou can' aliquas
nunq"'m h'uer' tenuer' vsi vel gauisi luerunt sed in eisd'm
penit' disclamant abscjz hoc qM ip'i ijdm' Balliui & Burgenses
de lib'tat' privileg' & Franches' p'diet' in Informac'one p'diet'
spec' p' ip'os p' pli'tm sun' p'diet' mode & forma p'diet' clamat'
& vindicat' sup' dca'm D'naln Reginam nunc vsurpaucr' aut
adhue vsurpant modo & forma p'ut p' Informae'oncm p'dea'm
sup'ius v'sus eos supponit" Que om'ia & singl'a ijd'm Balliui k

CORPORATION OF OSWESTRY.

97

p5 at' sunt v'ificarc p'ut Cur' &c' vndepet' iudiciu' Et qd' om'es
& single lib'tat' previleg' & Franches' p'dict' p' ip'os in forma
p'dict' clamat & vindicat' eisd'm Bailiuis & Burgens' & suc-
cessoribz suis imp'puu' deineeps allocent" & aduidicent11 Et
q'd i'id pe p'missis p' Cur' hie dimittant" &c' Et Edwardus
Coke Armiger Attorn' D'ne Regin gen'al' qui pe'ead'm D'na
Rcgina in hac p'te sequit" pet' diem ad plit' p'dict int'loquend'
vsqz a die Pasclie in XYdm dies. Et ei concedit11 coram Dna'
Regina vbicunqz &c' Idm' dies dat' est tam' p'fat' Edr'o Coke
qui sequit11 &c' q'm p'fat' Bailiuis & Burgessibz &e, Ad qam
quidm' quindenam Paslic coram D'na Regina apud Westm
ven t'm p'fat' Edwardus Coke Armiger qui sequit'1 &c' q'am
p'fat' balliui & Burgenses p' Attorn' sun' p'dict' Et p'fat'
Edr'us Coke pet' vlt'ius diem ad pl'itm p'dict' int'loquend'
vsqz Cr'm S'ce Trinitat' et ei concedit" coram D'na
Regina vbicu'qz &c' Id'm dies dat' est t'm p'fat' Edr'o Coke qui
sequit1* q'm p'fat Bailiuis & Burgens' &c' Ad quodquid'm Crrm
Sc'e Trinitat' coram D'na Regina Apud Westm' ven' t'm p'fat'
Edr'us Coke qui sequit" v^c' q'm p'dict' ballijs & Burgens p'
Attorn' sun' p'dict' Et p'fat' Edwardus Coke pet' vlt'ius diem
ad pl'itm p'dict' int'loquend' vsqz Octab' Sc'i Micli'is Et ei
concedit11 coram D'na Regina vbicu'qz kc' Idem dies dat' est
t'am p'fat Edro' Coke qui sequit11 &c' q'm p'dict' ballijs & Bur-
gens &c' Ad quasquid'm Octab S'ei Micli'is coram D'na Regina
apud Westm' ven' t'am p'fat' Edr'us Coke qui sequit11 &c' q'm
p'fat' balliui & Burgens p' Attorn' suu' p'dict' Et p'fat' Edwardus
Coke pet' vlt'ius diem ad pi" tin p'dict' int'loquend' vsqz Octab
Sc'i Hillarij Et ei concedit.11 coram D'na Regina vbic'uqz &c'
Idem dies dat'est tm' p'fat' Ed'ro Coke qui sequit1' &c' q'm
p'fat' Ballijs Burgens' &c' Ad quas quidm' Octab Sc'i Hillarij
coram D'na Regina apud Westm' ven' t'm p'fat' Edr'us Coke
qui sequit1' &c' q';lm p'fat' Balliui & Burgens' p' Attorn' suu'
p'dict' Et p'fat' Edwardus Coke pet' vlt'ius diem ad pl'itm
p'dict' int'loquend' vsqz a die Paslic in XYai-u dies Et ei con-
cedit1' coram Dn'a Regina vbicunqz &c' Idm' dies dat' est t'm
p'fat' bailiuis k Burgens' kc Ad q'am'quidm' xviijd Pasclie coram
Dn'a Regina apud Westm' ven' t'am p'fat' Edr'us Coke qui sequitr
&c' q'am p'fat' Ballini & Burgens' p' Attorn' suu' p'dc'm Et
p'fat' Edwardus Coke pet' vlt'ius diem ad pli'tm p'dict' int'lo-
quend' vsqz Crm' Sc'e Trinitat' Et ei concedit1 coram Dn'a
Regina vbicuqz fee' Id'm dies dat1 est t'm p'fat Edr'o Coke qua
sequitr &c' q'm p'fat' balliui & Burgens Ad quodquidm' Crm
S'ce Trinitat' coram D'na Regina apud West'm ve'n t'ftm p'fat'
Edr'us Coke qui sequit1' &©■' q'am p'fat' balliui & Burgens' p'
Attorn' suu' p'dicti Et p'fat' Edr'us Coke pet' vet'uis diem ad'

98

THE RECORDS OF THi5

pl'itm p'dict' int'loquendi visqz Octab' Sc'i Mich'is Et ei con-
ceditr coram D'na Kegina vbicimqz kc Id'm dies dat' est t'arn
p'fat' Edr'o Coke qui sequit1' kc' qm' p'fat' bailiuus &
burgens' p' Attorn' suu' p'dict' Et p'fat' Edr'us Coke pet'
vlt'ius diem ad pl'itm p'dict' int' loqucndi vsqz Octab' S'ei
Hillarij Et ei concedit1" coram Dn'a Regina vbicu'qz kc' Idm'
dies dat' est tm' p'fat' Edr'o Coke quiscquib1' &c' qm' p'fat'
Balliuis & Burgens' &c' Ad quasquidm' Octab' Sc'i Hillarij
coram Dn'a Regina apud Vestm' ven' t'm p'fat' Edr'us Coke
qui sequit1"' kc' q'm p'fat' Balliui k Burgenses p' Attorn' suu'
p'dict' Et p'fat' Edr'us Coke pet' vlt'ius diem ad pl'itm p'dict'
int' loquend' vsqz a die Pasclie in XYcim dies Et ei conceding
coram. Dn'a Kegina vbicimqz &c' Id'm dies clat' est t'm p'fat'
Edr'o Coke qui sequit1-' q'm p'fat' Ballijs k Burgens' kc' Ad
q'mquidm' xviijd Pashe coram d'na Regina apud Westm' ven'
t'm p'fat' Edr'us Coke qui sequit1' kc' q'm p'fat' Ballij k
Burgens' p' Attorn' suu' p'dict' Et p'fat' Edr'us Coke pet' vlt'ius
diem ad pl'itm p'dict' int'loquend' vsqz Crm' Sc'e Trinitat' Et
ei concedit1-' coram Dn'a Kegina vbicimqz kc' Id'm dies
dat' est tm' p'fat' Ed'ro Coke qui sequitm kc' q'am
p'fat' Ballijs k Burgensibz kc' Ad quodquidm' Cr'm S'ce
Trinitat' coram D'na Kegina apud Westm' ven' t'm p'fat' Edr'us
Coke qui sequit1-' &c/ qm' p'fat' Balliui & Burgens' p Attorn'
suu p'dict' Et p'fat' Edr'us Coke pet' vet'ius diem ad pl'it'm
p'dcm' int' loqucndi vsqz Octab' Sc'i Mich'is Et ei concedit1'
coram Dn'a Kegina vbicimqz kc' Idm' dies dat' est tm' p'fat'
Edwardo Coke qui sequitr&c' q'm p'fat' Balliuis k Burgens kc
Ad quas quidm' Octab' Sc'i Mich'is coram Dn'a Kegina apud
Westm' ven' t'm p'fat' Edr'us Coke qui sequit1-' kc' q'm p'fat'
Balliui & Burgens' p' Attorn' suu' p'dict' Et p'fat' Edwardus
Coke pet' vlt'ius diem ad pl'itm p'dc'm int' loquendi vsqz Octab'
Sc'i Hillarij Et ei concedit1' coram D'na Regina vbicu'qz Id'm
dies dat' est t'm p'fat' Edr'o Coke qui sequitr' kc' q'm p'fat
Balliuis k Burgcnsibz kc' Ad quasquidm' Octab' S'ci Hillarij
coram D'na Kegina apud Westm' ven' t'm p'fat' Edr'us Coke
qui' sequit1-' kc' in p'pria p'sona sua q'm p'fat' Balliui & Bur-
genses de Oswestrve p'dict' p' Attorn' suu' p'dict' Et p' eo q'd
nullus ex p'te D'ni Regine ven' ad informand' Cur' aut ip'm
Attorn' vlt'ius in p'missis nec alique evidenc' ad on'and' lp'os
Ballios & Burgens' p' vsurpac' lib'tat & Franches' p'd'ean' in
Informaco'ne spec' hie' in Cur' dat' sine p'lat' cxistunt Id'm
Attorn' Due Regine die' q'd ip'e vlt'ius p' eadm' D'na Kegina
v'sus p'fat' Ballios k Burgenses in hac p'te p'sequi non vult I'o
ces's die p'ecs's v'sus cos om'ia kc Quod quid'm Recordu'
coram nob' sic h'itm Diiximin- Excmpliticand' In cuius rei

CORPORATION OF OSWESTRY.

99

Testimoniu' has l'ras n'ras fieri fecim' patent' Teste Jo-he
Popham apud Westm' vicesiino quarto die Octobris Anno regni
Quadragesimo scd'o. Payne.

Exr

XVI.

25 Oct., 1603. Letter of the Earl of Sufiolke.

The Earl of Sufiolke, who now appears as Lord of
Oswestry, and at issue with the burgesses, was the son
of the 4th Duke of Norfolk (who was beheaded in
1572), by his second wife Margaret, daughter and
heiress of Thomas, Lord Audley of Walclen. He
was half brother to Philip, Earl of Arundel, who signed
the t( Book of Constitutions" in 1582. It will thus be
seen that the lordship of Oswestry had already passed
from the son of the heiress of the Fitzalans to one not
directly connected with her family. The Earl of
Suflblke was born in 1561, and died in 1626. He suc-
ceeded to his mother's Barony of Walden, and was
summoned to the House of Lords, in 1597, as Lord
Howard of Walden. He was captain of a ship in the
fleet which defeated the Spanish Armada in 1588. He
took a principal part in the discovery of the " Gunpowder
Plot." He was Lord High Treasurer of England from
1614 to 1618. He was deprived of this office on a charge
of corruption and fined £30,000, of which great sum
he paid £7,000. He was the builder of the magnificent
palace of Audley End, in Essex, which is said to have
cost £190,000. To the Earldom of Suffolke he was
elevated on the accession of James L, only a few months
before he wrote this letter. To him and to his great-
uncle, Henry, Earl of Northampton, the Shropshire
estates of the Fitzalans appear to have been granted by
the Crown after the attainder of Philip Howard, Earl
of Arundel.

I haue of late receaved a letter from my honble good Lord
and freind the L: President of Wales, wch declared vnto mec, a
great desire in his Lp:p to give some satisface'on to you vppo'n a
pctie'on given him from yor Towne as except inge against the

Vol. hi. o

100

THE RECORDS OF THE

course wch Mr Lloyd my officer healde wth you. Now you must
knowe, that I doe, will avowe him in such things as he in
his discreation shall find to bee p'ffitable for mee, wch p'chaunce
may bee displeasinge to you, but therein you may further
wronge yor selves then you are aware of. For yf you shall
denie to yeakl mee :thoes Rights & p'ffitts, that are due vnto
mee, as Lord of the Manor you must then knowe, that I doe
lookc for at Mr Lloyds hands such a resistance of yor wills, as I
may not bep'iudized thereby, & I knowe his vnderst andinge &
discreation is such, as lie would not drawe mee into frivolous. &
needles questions. Therefore I must tell yo11 that yf yo11 haue
refused the dueties wch belonge vnto mee, that I will p'secute
my remedies, as the Lawes of the Land will alowe mee. Eat
becawse I wolde not bo thought rigorous, & that yt may
appeare that my L: President hath the powre, of an honorable
& kind ffreind in mee, I am contented that yf you doe send vpp
to the Tearme at Winchester, such as shall haue powre, to
followe tlie cawse, in the behaulfe of you all, that then the
questions wcU are risen, between the Steward & you, shall yf yt
may bee haue an end by Councell chosen of each syde, wch
course shall please mee well, but yf yt happen otherwise the
fault shall not bee myne, for I desire not contenc'ons, but then
of necessety Lawe must determyn them. In the meane tyme,
I charge yo11 all to carry yo1' selues respectively & duetifully
to my officers, for you must learne to obey, yf you will desire
to bee obeyed, wch you beinge a corporate Towne, should prin-
cipally desire, and soe I leave you, for this tyme vntill I heare
further from you. From the Court at Wylton, this 25th of
October 1G03.

Yor lovinge frcind, & Lord,

SUFFOLKE.

[Addressed :] To my good freinds, the Burgesses, & Townes-
men of my Towne, & Manor of Oswester.

XVII.

28 Nov., 1G03. Declaration of the Burgesses.

This Declaration of the Burgesses in their dispute
with the Earl of Suflblke has attached to it an in-
teresting list of the names of the subscribers, many of
which appear to be autographs. Whatever Avere the
" auncicnt privileges" which the Burgesses with their
neighbours leagued themselves together to defend

CORPORATION OF OSWESTRY.

101

against the Lord, the points in dispute were set at rest
soon afterwards, in 1617, by the Charter of James I.

Fifteen knights, esquires, and gentlemen subscribe first;
these were probably either not Burgesses at all, or only
honorary Burgesses. The two BayiifTs and twenty-eight
" Bayliffs piers" (peers) subscribe next, and then follow
one hundred and twenty-eight Burgesses. A note here
and there will indicate something about some of the
names. It has been found impossible to distinguish
the individuality of more than a few, especially in the
case of the persons bearing the surname of Lloyd ; for
at this time there were Lloyds of Llanvorda, of Aston,
of Llwynymaen, of Drenewydd, of the " Borough of
Oswestry," and of Maesbury, all families of lineage and
substance, and the numerous connexions of these princi-
pal stocks had spread themselves widely over the town
and neighbourhood.

1003. 2S November.
Declaration subscribed by such of the Burgesses of Oswestry
as wished to uphold their ancient Liberties.

Apud Oswaldestria xxviij0 die Notiemb'r 1603 :
Albeit at an asseniblye of the nowe BaylyfTes and Burgenses of
the saide Towne in thcirc Ellecco'n howse there, It was
absolutlie agreed e by and bet wen e the saide Bayly fies and
Burge'ses That they should from thenceforth do theire best
endouor to hatie, vse, and houlde suche Lib'ties, Freedoms and
Pryvclegs (as to theire p'dccesso1'3, the Baylyffs and Burge'ses
of the saide Towne, then beinge) were given and graunted by
ch're from Kinge Richard the 2de and confirmed by or late
Sou'eigne of ffamous memorye Queene Elizabeth, doinge and
p'forminge neu'tlieles to the right honorable the Earle of
Suffolk kc nowe Lord and owno1' of the saide Lordsh' and
Mannor all duetyfull obedience, and yeldinge to his Lo^p all
p'mtts to his honor of right belonging as Lo : and owno1" of the
saide Mannor yet sythen.ce the saide assemblie, some that
spume againste the saide graunts and Lyberties haue not onlye
vsed all the meanes they could to drawe as manye of the
Burgenses as they eoulde, from the saide form' consen* and
agrecm1 But also haue given owt, that the greater p'te of the
saide Burgenses do reuolt from the samtr •Ectf triall of the
truthe whereof, suche of the saide Bayly it's :ontk iJurgcnses (as
wishe to haue and houlde the saide Xvb Lies (ay^ .the tec^ption

102 THE RECORDS OF THE

aforesaid) haue hearevnto subscribed theire names the daie,
moneth, and yeare abousaide.

Knights Esquieks and gent'

Frauncis Lloyd 2 Rich': Evans

1 John Lloyd of Llanvorda 3 Richard Heylin

1 John Lloyd of Llanvorda was probably the grandson of Richard
Lloyd of the same place, who died in 150S, and the father of Edward
Lloyd of Llanvorda, who was buried in the chancel of Oswestry
Church in 1662. This last Edward is said to have been the Royalist
Governor of Oswestry during the Civil Wars, and married Francis,
daughter of Sir E. Trevor of Brynkinalt. His son Edward, who died
without legitimate issue, but whose natural son was the well known
antiquary, Edward Llwyd, sold Llanvorda in 1675 to Sir William
Williams, Recorder of Chester, whom he describes as "the Great
Leviathan of our laws and lands," and complains that 4 'Cousin
Williams," as he calls him, will not buy the lands " unless for sauce
my discretion be served up to his table." Sir William Williams
married the heiress of the Kiffins, owners of the neighbouring estate
of Glascoed, in the parish of Llansilin. He was Speaker of the House
of Commons, and afterwards Solicitor-General at the trial of the
Seven Bishops. Sir Watkin Williams- Wynn, Bt., of Wynnstay, is
descended from him. The Lloyds, who became extinct in the death
of Edward Lloyd, were a family of some consideration in Oswestry.
Their coat of arms, "an eagle displayed with two heads," is on the
font of the Church of St. Oswald, with the date 1662. Their burial
place was the chancel of the parish church, and their cognizance may
also be seen on an ancient timbered building near the Cross, in the
centre of the town. — [Bijc-gones, 1873, p. 116-122. Blakeway's
Sheriffs of Shropshire, p. 156.]

2 Richard Evans. One of the burgher families of Oswestry were
the Evanses of the Drill, and also of Treilach. Roger Evans, probably
the son of this Richard, was a colonel in the Parliament's army, and
received a sword cut across his upper lip, which, says Gough, was " all
he gott by the warrs." He was however placed in the commission of the
peace and retained his commission after the Restoration. He was Sheriff
of the county, 1677. He was buried in Oswestry Church in 1679.
His son Richard, the last of the family, was killed in a drunken quarrel
at Myddle, by Laurence Basnett and Mathew Hinton, in 170-1, and he
lies buried in the same vault as his father. He sold the estate and
hall of Trcflaeh to the Hunts of Boreaton, who sold it about 1859 to
Mr. Savin, who sold it about 1865 to Mr. Dumville Lees of Woodhill,
the present owner. The manor-house still stands; it is picturesquely
situated on high ground, with some yew trees and Scotch firs around
it. Some cuvioiis plaster work of the 17th century may still be seen
on the ceilings; cf*. same of the rooms. — [Cough's History of Middle.
Blakeway's Sheriffs' of Shropshire.]

s< lvi^a^CillTu.yuru.'. ;The 'chief, branch of the family of Heylin lived

CORPORATION OF OSWESTRY.

103

Richard Twiford

4 Rich : Muckleston

5 Robert Lloyd

6 Edward Lloyd

7 Edward Trevor
Oliver Morice

Lewis ap Robert thelder

8 Hugh Wy'n

9 Jo : Goughe
Davyd Lloyd
Pirsn Lloyd.

Baylyffes.
10Thomas Staney
John Williams.

at Pentre-Heylin, near Llanyniynech. They appear to have been
much connected with Oswestry at this period. The last of the name
who owned Pentre-Heylin was Rowland, an Alderman and Sheriff of
London, who dying without male issue in 1637, the property passed
to the family of Congreve. — [Bye-gones, 1877, p. 191.]

4 Richard Muckleston. This surname is frequent in the Corpora-
tion Records. A John Muckleston, of Penylan, married towards the
close of the 16th century a daughter of Edw. Lloyd of Llwynymaen.
A son of this marriage, Edward, was Recorder of Oswestry, and
married in 1615 the daughter and heir of Thomas Corbett of Meriden
(Merrington, near Baschurch), and dying in 1638, left three sons, of
whom John was also Recorder of Oswestry, and died without issue in
1G63. From Rowland Mucklestone, another son, was descended the

Rev. John Fletcher Muckleston, who sold Merringtone in 1817.

[Blakeway's Sheriffs of Shropshire.]

5 and 0 Of Llwynymaen or Drenewydd, Of the Lloyds of Dre-
newydd was Edward Lloyd, who wrote upon the antiquities of
Shropshire. He died without issue, and his brother Charles succeeded,
who left a daughter Annabella, married to Rich. Williams, M.P. for
Flint, brother to Sir Watkin Williams Wynn, 3rd Baronet, and great-
grandfather of Mr. W. W. E. Wynne, now (1879) of Peniarth. The
property of Drenewydd was sold by Mr. William Wynne, of Peniarth,
a few years ago, to Mr. Ormsby Gore. The Lloyds of Drenewydd were
a younger branch of the Lloyds of Llwynymaen. — [Fx. rel. W. W. E.
Wynne, Esq.]

7 The heiress of John Trevor, who was the last of the Trevors of
Oswestry, married a Lloyd of Drenewydd.

8 Hugh Wyn. He was the son of John Wynne-ap-Meredeth, of
Porkington, gentleman, to whom, in 1571, William Albany, merchant
tailor and citizen of London (who bought much of the Shropshire
property which Henry, last Earl of Arundel of the Fitzalan surname
sold) conveyed Old Porte, Gravenell, Brin-y-barra, etc. In 1590
Hugh Wynne and Margaret his wife sold Briu-y-barra to Robert
Powell of Park. — [Charlton Deeds at Sweeney.]

9 John Goughe. The Goughs of the Nant, in Sweeney Township,
were a branch of the Goughs of Myddle, one of whom wrote a curious
parish History of Myddle, about 1700. The Goughs were related
to the Bakers and the Brownes of Sweeney.

10 Thomas Staney. The Staneys appear often at this time as
principal citizens of Oswestry. [See No. VIII.]

104

THE RECORDS OF THE

Baylyfes PIERS

Th : Evance
"Hughe Yale

By chard Staney

Randulph Lloyde

John Scaith (?)

Hughe Morice

Roger Edwards

John Blodwell

Richard J ones

Edward Meredith

William Heylin

Edward Williams

John Kinaston
[Here follows a long blank,
and the following names are in
the next column without any
heading.]

Edward Lloyd

Robt: Lloyd

John Trevor

Robert Irland

Dauid Moris

Richard Lloyd

Frauncis Treuor :

Thomas Loid

Oliu' Lloid

Thorn's Lloid ap Ed.

Gruffithe Lloid

Dd' Lloid ap Thomas

Edward Lloid do Bodlith :

Euan Lloyd.

Buiigenses

Mathewe Lloyd
Richard Wilhames
Thomas Edwardes
Roger Alkintoun
Richard Lloyd
Will'm Loker

John Staney junior
Richard Staney
John ap Ed' ap Rich :
John Tarbocke
John ap John Gough
Edward Baker
Robert Edwardes
Evan Nicholas
William Myles
Richard Gruffyth
John Edwards
Ries Mredith
Richard Wilson
Philiippe Longford
Rytherch ap Dauid
Moris Edward
Roger m'dith
David ap Thomas
Richard Acherley
Hughe Meredith
Thomas Lee
Dauid Pcmch'yn
Cyr : Owen
Ed Ward Kyffin
Roger Parrye
Morys ap Roger
Ed'r Thomas
Ric ap Rob't
Dauid ap Thomas
Will'm Blakwey
Hughe ab Parry
William Grafhth
Edward Johnes
John ]\Iyell
Wm Morice
William ap Dauid
John ap Wm James
Griffin Jones
Richard Lacke
Richard Lluckleston

11 Hugh Yale. He was an alderman and died in 1G1C, and was
buried with Dorothy his wife (daughter of Roger Roden, Esq.. of
Barton, coy. Denbigh) in St. Oswald's Church, where the " Yale"
monument records his many merits.

CORPORATION OF OSWESTRY.

105

Fransis Smallmane .
Andrewe Maurice
J ohn JDauies
Ellicc Gruffuth
Thomas ap Edward
Roger Lloyd

Edward Willia Muckllst'o
Alexander Slaney
John Morgan Whitawe'
Roger Bedoe
Rosier Wallford
Allin Egerton
Thomas Jenings
Roger ap Dauid
Arthuer Lucras
William Prouse
John Lacke
John ap Wm
Thomas Lloyd
John Edwards
John ap Wm DD
Tho : Edwardes
Jeauan ap William
Roger ap Wm
Hughe ap Willnm
John William es
Thomas Meredith
Gr : Evans
William Th om as
Richard Tryst an
Thomas Lee
John ap John
Richard Harris
Edward ap Owen
Arthuer ap Robert
Dauid ap Thomas
Thomas Eddy(?)
Roger Lloyd
Ed'd Grffith
Edward Barker

Richard Lloyd

William Thomas

GryfTyth Goughe

John W* Gruff

Robert Huges (?)

Dauid Lloyd

Robert ap Thomas

John Edwardes

John William

Barnard Mason

Thomas Robt'

Ed'd ap J ohn

Edward Pryce

James Williams

John Thomas

John Gruffyth

David ap Llewellin

John Powell Baker

William Beinons

Richard Morice

Richard ap Richard

Roger ap J ohn

Ellis Gryflith _

Edward ap Ellis

Thomas ap John, ap Owen

John Wm Tomkyn

Richard Nicholas

John ap Richard, harbor

John Blaqucy

Philipe ap Rice

Richard Killan

Jeuan ap Richard

Humfrey Salter

Thomas Jones

Edward Rogers

RamxV (?)

Richard ap Robt'

Richard ap Wm

Thomas Lacke

Richard Wynn

No. XTIIL
15 March, 1617. 14 Jac. I.
The troubles of the " Quo Warranto" and the disputes
with the Lord of the Town culminated in the grant of

106

THE RECORDS OF THE

a new charter. " Whereas doubts and ambiguities
have arisen concerning the liberties etc, at the suite
of the Bailiffs and Burgesses, but most especially
att the request of Thomas Earl of Suffolke our
High Treasurer of England, Lord of the Toune
honor and Lordshippe of Oswestrye," the new charter
is granted.

JAMES BY THE GRACE OF GOD KING of Scotland
Fraunce and Ireland Defender of the Faith, ec. TO all to whome
theis presents shall come greetinge. WHEREAS the Towne
and Borough of Oswaldstree otherwyse called Oswester, other-
wyse called Osestry otherwise called Oswestry in our Countie
of Saloppe is an Auncient Borough or Towue and very
populous and the BailifTes and Burgesses of ye same Towne'r
Borough have heretofore had used and enjoyed divers liberties
fraunchesies priviledges and ymmunities as well by Charters of
divers of our noble progenitors kinges and queenes of England
to them and their predecessors heretofore made graunted or
confirmed as alsoe by reason of divers prescriptions usages and
customes in the said towne or Borough tyme out of mynde
used and accustomed AND WHEREAS we are informed that
clivers doubts and ambiguities are risen concerning the afore-
said liberties franchesies priviledges and ymmunities which doe
much hynder the publique good and proffitt of the said towne
or Borough and the good rule and government thereof AND
WHEREAS our loving subjects the BaylifFes and burgesses of
the said borough have thereupon most humbly sued unto us
that Ave would vouchsafe soe farr to extend our princely favour
and bountie unto the said towne and borough as to make
reduce ordayne constitute and of new create the said bayliffs
and burgesses of the said towne of Oswaldstree' otherwise
called Oswester otherwise called Osestry otherwise called
Oswestry by what name or names soever of Corporation they
had formerly byn incorporated and whether heretofore
they were incorparated or not unto one Corporation bodie
corporate and politique by the name of the bayliffes and
burgesses of the borough of Oswestry in the countie of Salope,
with addition of such newe priviledges franchesies ymmunities
and liberties as to ourself should seeme good and most con-
venient AND WE being willing that noe doubt nor ambiguities
might hereafter bee moved or stirred concerning the liberties
priviledges, franchesies and ymmunities of the said borough
And that there should bee for ever hereafter a true right and

CORPORATION OF OSWESTRY.

107

undoubted course and order held for the keeping and observing
of our peace within the said towne and borough and for the
good rule and government of the said towne and boroughe
which towne and borough wee will hereafter shallbe a towne
and borough of peace and quietness to the feare and terror of
turbulent and disordered persons and to the safety and
assurance of our good and peaceable Subjects And perswading
ourselves that our said Subjects the bayliffes and burgesses of
the said towne and borough will by their care and loyaltie
administer justice to all persons soe equally that our good
lawes may be duely executed and our peace preserved within
the said town and borough. WEE therefore moved by the
earnest and humble suite of our said loving subjects the
bayliffes and burgesses of the said towne or borough of
Oswestrey but most especially and principally by and att the
great suite and request of our right trusty and right well-
beloved Cozen and Councelor Thomas Earl of SufTolke our
High Treasurer of England lord of the towne honor and lord-
shippe of Oswestrye who seeketh and endeavoreth (in all he
can) the good and advancement of the said towne and borough
of our speciall grace certaine knowledge and meere mocion
have willed ordayned constituted appointed and graunted and
by theis present for us our heires and successors doe will
ordayne constitute appoynte and graunte that the said borough
of Oswaldstrie' alias Oswester alias Osestry alias Oswestrie
from henceforth may and shalbe a free borough of itselfe
And that the bayliffes and burgeses and alsoe all and singuler
the burgesses and freemen of the saide towne by what name or
names soever they weare heretofore incorporated known or
called and their successors from henceforth for ever are and
shalbe by vertue of theis present one bodie corporate and
politique in substance deed and name by the name of the
Bayiins and Burgesses of Oswestry in the Countie of Salope
and them by the name of Bayliffes and Burgesses of Oswestry
in the countie of Salope one bodie Corporate and politique in
substance deede and name really fully & substantially wee doe
create make ordayne constitute continue and declare by theis
present And that by the said name they shall for ever have a
perpetuall succession and that they by the same name of
Baylilts and Burgesses of the Borough of Oswestrie in the
countie of Salope henceforth may and shalbe persons able and
capable in the lawe to have purchase recover receave and
possesso to them and their successors for ever in flee and per-
petuity e lands tencmts rents liberties francheses priviledges
jurisdiccions and all hereditanr18 of what kind nature or qualitie
Vol. hi. p

108

THE RECORDS OF THE

soever tliey bee and alsoe goods cattells and cliattells and all
other tliyngs whatsoever of what nature kind or quality soever,
And also to give graunte lette demise and assigne landes
tenemts rents and hereditaments goods cattcls and chattels
and to doe performe and execute any other rite or act thinge
or things deede or deedes whatsoever by the name aforesaid.
And alsoe that by the saide name of baylilis and burgesses of
the borough of Oswestry in the county of Salope aforesaid they
and their successors shall and may implead and be impleaded
answeare and be answered defende and be defended in all
manner of courts halls places and offices whatsoever and before
any judge or judges justice or justices or other person or
persons officer or officers whatsoever of us our heires or
successors in all suits complaynts pleas causes matters de-
maunds or accions as well real! personall as mixte whatsoever
as well Spirituall as Temporall of what kynde nature or
qualitie soever in the same manner sorte and forme as any
other of our leidge people of our kingdome of England being
persons able and capable in the la we may or cann pleade or
be impleaded answeare or be answeared defende or be defended
or cann have receave purchase or possesse : AND we doe
further will and graunte that the said bayliffes and burgesses
of the said borough of Oswestry in the countie of Salope afore-
said and their successors shall and may have perpetually a
Com' on Seale to serve for the dispache of their and their suc-
cessors causes and businesses whatsoever and that it shall and
may be lawfull to and for the said bayliffes and burgesses and
their successors the said seale at their will and pleasure from
tyme to tyme to breake change and make anew as to them
shall seem best and most conveniente : AND we doe further
will and by theis present for us our heires and successors doe
graunte and ordaine that from henceforth forever there may
and shalbe within the said borough two honest and discreet
burgesses of the same borough to bee elected and chosen in
manner and forme hereafter by theis present men'coned wch
shalbe and shalbe called the Bayliffs of the borough aforesaid
AND we further will for us our heires and successors by theis
present doe graunte and appointe that there shalbe one honest
and discreete man to be chosen, as hereafter shalbe by these
present appointed which shalbe and shalbe called the Steward
of the said borough and that lykewise there may and shalbe
one other honest and discreet man wch shalbe learned in the
lawes of England wdl shall and maybe the Recorder of the
said Borough and shalbe soe called AND we further will and
graunte that all and singular person and persons which nowe

CUKF0KAT10N OF OSWESTRY.

109

are free men and burgesses of the said borough or wch hereafter
shalbe admitted into the said libertie may and shalbe the bur-
gesses of the said borough and shalbcc soe called AND wee
doe further will and for us our heires and successors by theis
present doe graunt to the said bay lifts and their successors
That the said bailiffs and their successors shall and may have
within the said borough and the liberties and precincts thereof
one house of com'on meeting or convocac'on wch shalbe and
shalbe called the Guildhall of the same towne and borough and
that it shall & may be lawful to the said Bailiffs Steward
Recorder and Burgesses inhabitinge and dwelling within the
said towne and borough, and their successors as often as it shall
seeme unto them or the major parte of them needefull and
convenient in the aforesaid house called the Guildhall or any
other convenient place within the said towne and borough the
liberties and precincts thereof from tyme to tyme to assemble
themselves and that the saide Bailiffs Steward Recorder and
Burgesses and the major parte of them soe assembled may and
shall have full power ana authority from tyme to tyme then
and there to name constitute ordayne make and stablishe lawes
statutes constitutions decrees and reasonable ordinances what-
soever wch to them or the greater parte of them shall seeme to
be good wdiolesome proiitable and necessarie for the good rule
and governemt of the saide borough and the liberties and
precinctss thereof and of all and singuler officers ministers
artificers inhabitants and resiants within the said towne and
borough the liberties and precincts thereof and for declaracion
and settinge downe howe and in what maner and order the
BaylifFs Burgesses and all other Officers ministers tradesmen,
artificers, inhabitants, resiants within the said towne and
! borough shall and may from tyme to tyme behave and cary
themselves in the execution, function, and performance of their
severall offices, ministeries, trades, crafts, and business whatso-
ever wthin the said towne and borough the liberties and precincts
thereof for the further good com'on profltt and good gover-
ment of the said towne and borough and the victualling of the
same and for all other matters and causes touchinge or anyway
concerninge the saide borough And that it shall and may be
lawful! to and for the bailiff, steward, recorder, and burgesses of
the said borough for the tyme being or the major parte of them
at such tyme and soe often as they or the major parte, of them
shall makeordaine or establishe any statutes, lawes, or ordinan-
ces in forme aforesaide to impose andassesse upon all and every
person and persons that snail otl'end against the said lawes,
statutes, and ordinances, or any of them such punishm* and

110

THE RECORDS OF THE

penalties by rcsonable fynes and amerciam*3 as the said bailiffs
Steward recorder and burgesses for the tyme being or the
greater parte of them shall think necessary requisite and
expedient e to ordaine lymitte appointe and inflicte for the
obscrvacion of the said lawes ordinances and constitutions and
of every of them. The moictie of wch fynes ymposicons and
amerciaments wee will shall bee levied and collected to the use
of the lord of the honour and lordshpipe of Oswestrie and his
heires and the other moitye we will shalbe levied and collected
to the use of the baylifles and burgesses of the said borough
and their successors forever without any hyndrance by us our
heires or successors or by our- officers or by the officers of our
heires or successors and without any accompte to be to us our
heires and successors all which lawes, statutes, constitucions,and
ordynances to bee made as is aforesaide Wee will and com-
maunde to be observed upon the paynes and forfeitures
therein to be conteyned soe that the said lawes, statutes,
constitucions, ordynances, fynes, and amerciaments be
resonable and be not repugnante or contrarie to the
lawes statutes or cus tomes of our realme of England
or prejudiciall to the lorde of the saide lordshippe or
Mannor of Oswestrey or his heires or his or their inheritance.
AND for the better performance and accomplishment of this
our will and pleasure we have assigned constituted and made
and by theis present doe assign constitute make and ordayne
our well beloved subject Roger Kynaston and John Williams to
be the first and present bay lines of the borough of Oswestry
aforesaide willing and commaunding that the said Roger
Kinaston and John Williams shall and may continue respec-
tyvely in their saide offices of Baylil'is of the said borough
untill the frydaie nexte following the feast of Saint Michael
Th'archangell nexte comynge if they or either of them shall
soe long lyve and then and from that tyme untyll two other of
the burgesses of the said borough bee and shalbe elected
nominated and sworne aecordynge to the ordynance and con-
stitucions in theis present hereafter expressed and declared
AND wee further will and for us and for us our heires and
successors doe graunte unto the said baylifles and burgesses
and their successors that the said baylifles and burgesses
and their successors shall and may uppon the Friday nexte
after the feast day of Saint Michael at the said Guildhall
of the said towne and borough assemble themselves
and shall and may uppon the said Friday next after
the said feast of Saint Michael the Archangel, contynue
and abide together without meate drinke or candlelight untill

CORPORATION OF OSWESTRY.

Ill

they or the greater part of them doe agree and absolutely elect
and nominate twoe of the free burgesses of the said^ borough to
be the bayliffs of the said borough for one whole* yeare then
next to come if they respectively shall soe long live and nott
be removed by the said burgesses or the greater thereof which
two soe named and elected shalbe and shall contynue baylifF
of the said borough for one whole yeare thence next ensuing
and from thenceforth alsoe untill two other burgesses are
elected nominated and chosen to succeed in their places AND
WE further will that they after they shalbee soe chosen and
nominated shall before they or any of them may doe or execute
any thing by vertue of their bayliffshippe take their corporall
oath before the ould bayliffs and the Steward or Recorder of
the said towne or one of them to doe execute and performe
justice and right to all manner of persons whatsoever in all
causes matters and things rightlie and truelie concerning their
said office of baylifF of the said borough of Oswestry for by and
during such time as they shall contynue in their said office of
bayliffs AND OUR further will is and wee doe ordaine that if
it shall happen the said aforemencoed bayliffs or either or any
of them to dye or to be removed from his or their place or
places of Bayliff That then and soe often it shall and may be
lawfull for the surviving bayliff:' and burgessess and their suc-
cessors or the greater part of them within fowerteene daies after
the decease or removall of the said bayliff or bayliffs to meet
assemble and call themselves together in the said Guildhall or
other convenient place within the said borough or the liberties
thereof and then and there to proceed unto and make choice
and elecon of one or twoe of the burgesses of the towne afore-
said to serve and supplie the place or places of the said bayliffe
or bayliffes deceased or removed and the said burgesse or
burgesses soe elected and nominated for bayliffe or bayliffes in
the roomc or place of him or them soe dying or removed shall
take such and the like corporal oath as before is limitted to be
to the bayliffes or burgesses of the said borough of Oswestrie
and in such manner and forme as is before for the said first
bayliffes limitted and appointed, and shall have doe and
execute and exercise the said place and places of bayliffe and
bayliffes in such sort power and order as the first bayliffes
might should or ought to doe execute or performe the same,
and this forme of clcccion to be held in the eleccions of bay-
liffes soe often as the case and necessity shall require AND
OUR further pleasure is and we for us our hcircs and succes-
sors bv the is presents constitute and appoint Sir John
Towncshend knight nowe Steward of the said lordsbippc of

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Oswestrey to bo Steward of the said borough and wee doc
by theis present ordaine that the Steward of the said lordshippe
of Oswestry for the tyme being shalbe at all tyme and tymes
hereafter Steward of the said borough and our pleasure is and
wee doe by theis present for us our heires and successors grant
and ordaine Sir Henry Towncshend knight to be Recorder of
the said borough To have and to hould to the said Sir Henry
during his natural lief, And our will and pleasure is that
as often as the said place or office of Recordershippc shall
happen to become void that it shall and may be lawfull to and
for the said bayliffes and burgesses and their successors within
one moneth next after such time or times as the said office shall
become voyd and notice thereof by them had to assemble them-
selves together in the said Guildhall or any other place con-
venient within the said borough or the liberties thereof and then
and there as often as the said office shalbe void it shall and may
be lawfull to and for the said bayliffes and burgesses and their
successors and the greater part of them then and there to elect
and choose out one honest and discreet man and learned in the
lawes of our reahne of England to be Recorder of the said
borough And wee will and graunt that everie person and per-
sons soo elected shall be Recorder of the said towne during his
natural lief and shall take his othe before the bayliff of the
said borough honestlie and triilie to execute his said place AND
WE further will and for us our heires and successors by theis
present doc grant unto the said bayliffe and burgesses and
their successors that the aforesaid Roger Kynaston and John
Williams Bayliffes of the said borough of Oswestrie during such
time as they or either of them shall exercise the said office or
offices of Bayliffes of the said borough for the time being and
Sir John Towncshend knight now Steward of the said borough
during such time as he shall be Steward and every Steward of
the said borough for the time being and Sir Henrye Towncsend
knight now Recorder of the said borough during such time as
he shalbe Recorder there and everie Recorder of the said
borough for the time being and everie of them jointlie and
severallie shall and maie from henceforth for ever be the
Justices of us our heires and successors to keep maintaine and
preserve the peace of us our heires and successors in by and
through the said borough, and in, by, and through the
limitts boundes, precincts, and liberties thereof, and also
to keep and execute and to see kept and executed the
Statutes concerning artificers, and labourers, weightes and
measures and all oilier our lawes and statutes whatsoever
wherewith or whereby oure Justices of the peace are enabled to

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113

meddle and to have to doe with and to punish and correct such
as shalbe in any case -offenders against the same or any other
our lawes and statutes in such sort manner and forme as the
case requireth and as to the office and dutie of a justice of the
peace is incident or any of our justices of the peace is enabled
unto and to inforcc such as shall threaten any person or persons
of their li ves or members, or burning of their houses, to put in
good security of the peace of their good behaviour against us
and all our people. And if any doe refuse to enter into security
them to com'itt to our Goale there to remaine untill they find
good and sufficient securitie. And that Roger Kynaston and
John Williams during such time as they shall exercise the
office of bayliffes of the said, borough and the bayliffes of the
said borough for the tyme being Sir John Townesend being
Stewarde of the said borough during such time as lie shalbe
Steward of the said borough and the StCAvard of the said
borough for the time being Sir Henry Towneshend knight
Recorder of the saide borough during such time as hee shall
contynue Recorder of the said borough and the Recorder of
the said borough for the tyme being or any three or two of
them whereof avcc will one of the Bayliffes tor the time being
to be alwaies one shall and may be Justices of us our heires
and successors to enquire by the oath and oathes of good and
lawfull men of the borough aforesaid by whom the truth maie
beste be knownc of all and all manner of felonyes, murders,
homicides, poysonyng, inchantments, witchcraft, acte magick,
trespasses, forestallors,regrators, ingrossers,and extorc'ons what-
soever and of all and singular other misdemeanors and offences
whatsoever whereof any just ices of our peace or of the peace of
our heires or successors may or ought to enquire by whomsoever
or howsoever they have heretofore or hereafter shallbee com-
mitted or perpetrated within the said borough or precincts and
liberties thereof and alsoe of those that shalle to the distur-
bance of our peace or of our heires or successors in riotous
manner, walk, or ryde, within the said borough or the precincts
and liberties thereof, and also of all such as heretofore have or
hereafter shall lye in awayte to kyl or maiheme any of our
loving subjectes within the said borough or precincts and
liberties thereof and also all and singuler other person or per-
sons which heretofore have or hereafter shall within the said
boroughe or the prccinctes and liberties thereof offende in the
abuse of weightcs and measures or in the sale of victuallers,
contrarie to the forme of the ordynaunces lawes and statutes
thereof made Sz provided for the com'on good of our realme of
England and alsoe of all Constables, Gaolers, and all other

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Officers whatsoever wlioe in the execuc'c-n of their several!
offices have heretofore or hereafter shall undulie behave him or
themselves or have or shall be negligent or remiss in the
execucion of their said severall offices and of all and singuler
articles, pointes, and circumstances and thinges whatsoever by
whomsoever and whensoever com'itted or donne within the
said borough and the precinct and liberties thereof or hereafter
there to be donne or com'itted wch doe any waie concerne the
premisses or any of them, and to make and contynue processe
and processes uppon the indictament and inquisitions soe taken
against such person or persons as shalbe soe indicted untill
they be taken or yeald themselves or be outlawed and to
punish the offenders and everie of them for their severall
offences by fyne, ransome, )miprisonment, forfeiture, or other-
wise as the same or any of them ought to be punished by the
lawes and statutes of this our realme of England soe that they
nor either of them doe proceed to the tryall of Treason,
murder, felony, or any other offence whatsoever concerning the
losse of lief or member within the said boroughe the liberties
and precinctes thereof withoute the speciall warraunte or licence
of us our heires or successors AND OUR FURTHER will and
pleasure is that the said Roger Kynaston and John Williams
the nowe Bailiffs of the said borough nor either of them shall
intermeddle with the execution of the office of a Justice of the
peace before they and either of them doe before our wellbeloved
George Hynde of Iveleth in our said countie of Salop Esquior
Arthure Kynaston Esquiore & Hugh Morrice Esq1', or one of
them take a corporal oathe truelie and faithfullie to execute
the snide office and doe further take the oathe appointed by
the lawes and stattutes of this realme of England for a Justice
of the peace to take, Unto which said George Hynde, Arthur
Kynaston, and Hugh Morrice wee doe by theis present give
full power and authority to give and administer the said oathes
unto the said Roger Kynaston and J ohn Williams without any
other warraunte or commission to be obtayned from us our
heires or successors And wee further will that Sir John
Towneshend knvght nowe Stewarde of the said borough and
everie other which shalbe Steward of the said boroughe And
that Sir Henry Towneshend knighte now Recorder of the saide
boroughe and everie other Recorder for the time being and all
and everie bayliffe and bayliffes which hereafter shall bee of
the said borough shall before such time as theye or any of
them be admytted to thexecuc'on of tho saide office of Justice
of our peace or of our heires or successors take a corporall
oathe before the bay lilies of the saide borough or one of them

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115

trulio and faithefullio to execute the sayde office and shall like-
wise take the oathe appointed by the lawes of the realme of
England for a Justice of peace And that the saide Bayliffes
and either of them maic and shall have full power and authori-
tie by vertewe of theis present to give and administer the saide
oathe and oathes unto the said J ustices of the peace and everye
of them without any other warraunte or commission from us our
heyres or successors AND WEE FURTHER will and for us our
heyres and successors doe by theis present graunte to the said
bayliffes and burgesses and their successors That the said
bayliffs of the saide borough e Steward and Recorder of the
said Borough for the time being or any three or twoe of them
whereof wee will one of the said bayliffes for the tyme being
to be alwaies one to have hould and keepe a Generall Session of
the peace of us our heires and successors within the said Guild-
hall or in any other convenient place within the saide boroughe
the precincts and liberties thereof and for all thinges matters
and offences arising, happening, or committed within the saide
boroughe or the liberties or precincts of the same and doe and
execute all and singular thinges in the said generall Sessions in
as ample manner and forme as our justices of the peace of our
countie of Salop maie or ought to doe, or the bayliffes of the
towne of Shrewsbury mave or ought to doe within the said
towne of Shrewsbury. AND WEE FURTHER will and for us
our heires and successors Grante to the saide Bayliffes and
Burgesses and their successors that the said Bayliffes, Stewards,
and Recorder of the said boroughe of Oswestry for the time being,
being justices of the peace as is aforesaide and everie of them
male and shall by vertue of theis presentes have full power and
authoritye by his or their warrant in writing subscribed by
twoe or one of them to send and coin itt unto the comon Gaole
of the said countie of Salop all and every person and persons
which hereafter sbalbee in the said borough lib'ties and pre-
cints of the same taken, arrested, or attached for any Treason
murtlier or manslaughter or any felony whatsoever, or for sus-
picion of any of the aforesaid offences there to rcmaine to
answere to their sev'all offenc' before our Justices assigned or
to bee assigned for the delivery of our Gaole within our said
county of Salop willing further and by theis presents for us
our heires and successors com'anding aswell yc Shiriff of the
said County of Salop for the time being, as also the keeper of
the com'on Gaole of the said countie for the tyine being that
they and everie of them shall receive the bodies of such person
or persons soe to them or either of them comitted by the said
Justices of the peace of the said borough the liberties and
Vol. hi. q

116

The records of the

precints thereof or aiiie of them into their and evcrie of their
custodie and custodies and shall safely keep the said persons
com'itted as aforesaid to annswere their severall offences before
our Justices of oyer and terminer or our Justic's of Gaole
delivery assigned or to be assigned and theis our l'res patent
or the enrollment of the same shall bee a good and sufficient
warrant in that behaulfe unto the Sheriff e of the countie of
Salopp and the keeper of the com'on gaole of the said countie
of Saloppe for the tyme being and to everie of them AND WEE
will and comande by theis presents for us our heires and suc-
cessors that none other of our Justices of the peace within om:
countie of Saloppe nor any other of our officers within the said
countie shall presume to intermeddle as justice of the peace with
any person or p*sons, for any matter cause or thinge whatsoever
happning or to happen within the said borough of Oswestry or
the liberties and precincts thereof. AND CUE FURTHER "will
and pleasure is and for us our heires and successors, we graunte
to the said bayliffes and burgesses of the borough aforesaid and
their successors that they the said bayliffs of the said borough
of Oswestry for the tyme being and their Successors shall and
may from tyme to tyme hereafter electe nomynate and appointe
such person and persons free burgesses or inhabitants of the
said borough as they shall thinke fitt to be constables, officers,
and inferiour ministers for service of us our heires and succes-
sors and the service of the said borough and them soe elected
and appointed or any of them upon reasonable cause to remove
and displace as to them shall seeme good, And that the said
constables, officers, and ministers, and everie of them soe to be
chosen and appointed shall and must take their corporall
oathes upon the holy Evangelists before the said bayliffes or
one of them to doe perform c and execute their said offices and
places justly, uprightly, and obediently to the said bayliffes and
other the said justices of peace for the tyme being within the
same borough dtiringe their contvnuance m their severall places
AND OUR FURTHER will is and for us our heires and suc-
cessors wee graunte to the said bayliffes and burgesses, That
from henceforth forever hereafter there may and shall be two
officers to bo yearely named by the said two bayliffs for the
tyme being which shall bee and shalbe called Sergeants att the
mace which Sergeant att the mace shall be at tendant from tyme
to tyme and att all tymes upon the bayliffes of the said
borough, or upon their deputies for the tyme being and from
yeare to yeare shall be chosen, named, and appointed by the
bayliffes of the said borough for the tyme being, to contynuein
the said office for and duringe one whole year if they or either

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of them shall soe longe live and not misbehave hym or them-
selves in the dutie and place of his or their sayd office, And
that the said Sergeants soe chosen shall be sworne before the
baylifFs of the said borough or one of them for the tyme being
for the true execution of their sayd office. AND OUR WILL
is that the sayd Sergeants shall have and beare publickly att
all tymcs and att all places within the sayd borough and the
liberties thereof each of them a mace of silver or silver and
guilte engraved with the signe of our armes att the upper end
duringe our life and with the signe of the armes of our heires
and successors after our death, and engraven with the sign of
the Armes of the lord of the manor of Oswestree for the tyme
being at the lower ende, which maces they shall beare openly
in their handes or upon their shoulders in solempne and decente
sorte bareheaded before the sayd bay litis or their deputies
for the tyme being or one of them when and as often as they
shall bee soe commanded by them or either or any of them,
And they shall be called the Sergeants att the mace for the
borough of Oswestrie aforesaid and shall bee ministers attend-
ant upon the said bayliiYs or their deputies and upon our Courte
and Courtes of Reeorde to be hereafter held in and for the said
borough, And shall doe and execute all writs, processes, pre-
cepts, warrants, attachments, or commandemente of the same
\ court or courts, bailiffe or bayliffes, according and agreeable to
the lawes and statutes of this our realme of England. AND
WEE further will and for our heires and successors doe graunte
to the said bailiffs and burgesses of the said borough and their
successors, That the sayd bayliffs for the tyme being and the
sayd Stewarde of the lord of the manor for the tymebeinge and
every of them shall forever hereafter be and bee called the
the Clarkes of the Markette of and in the said borough of
Oswestrie and shall and may doe, performo, and execute all
and singuler Acts, Deeds, and thinges in by and thorough the
said borough, liberties, and precincts thereof as largely and
powerfully as any other the Clarke or Clarkes of the Markette
may doe, pcrforme, and execute in any other our counties,
cities, townes, and boroughs of our realme of England whatso-
ever, And withall wee hereby commaunde that noe Clarke of
the Markett of our householde or other Clarke of the Markett
of us or of our heires or Successors or anv of them doe, pre-
sume to doe, execute or performo any Acte, deed, or thinge
whatsoever within the sayd borough or the liberties thereof
that to the said office or place of Clarice of the Markett of the
said borough doth or shall appertaine in any wise. AND WEE
further will and for us our heires and successors doe graunte

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and ordainc that there shall bee two Coroners within the said
borough of Oswestrie and shall bee and shall bee called the
Coroners of the borough of Oswestry, AND WEE WILL and
for us our heircs and successors graunte unto the said bayliffes
and their successors that every the Coroner and Coroners from
tyme to tyme named and appointed by vertue of theis presents
shall and maij have full power and authoritie to doe and
execute all and singuler acte and acts within the said borough
the liberties and precincts thereof in as large and ample
manner as any of our Coroner or Coroners within any townc
corporate, or any countie within our realme of England may or
of right ought to doe or execute, AND for the better execution
of this our Graunte in this behaulfe wee have ordained
and appoynted and by theis presents doe ordaine and appointe
our wellbcloved John Gough and Richard Lloyd gent' to bee
the first and present coroners of the borough aforesaid and to
contynue in the said office untill the fridaie nexte after the
ffeaste of Saynt Miehaell if they or either of them live soe longe
and from thence until no we bayliffs be nomynated chosen and
sworne accordingc to the forme and order herein formerly
above expressed if they the said Richard Lloyd or J ohn Gough
respectively doe soe longc live, AND AVEE further will that the
said Richard Lloyd and John Gough or either of them shall
not intermeddle with the sayd Office before they and either of
them doe take their corporal! oath before the sayd Roger
Kinaston and John Williams or one of them truely, justly, and
indifferently to execute the said place AND WEE doe for us
our heires and successors by theis presentes graunte unto the
said Roger Kynaston and John Williams and everie of them
full power and authoritie to minister the oath aforesaid with-
out any other warrant to them to be given AND WEE further
will and for us our heires and successors doe by theis presentes
Graunte unto the said bayliffs and burgesses and their suc-
cessors that the removed bayliffs shall from tyme to tyme and
att all tymes yearely hereafter as soone as they shall determyne
their sayd offices i'mcdiatly after and from thenceforth shall
bee and shall bee called the Coroners of us our heires and suc-
cessors in by and thorough the sayd borough and liberties
thereof, And that they and everie of them as Coroners shall
have full power and authoritie to doe and execute within the
sayd borough and liberties thereof all things which by the
lawes and statutes of this our realme of England shall or may
to the office of our Coroner belonge or appcrtaine. AND
WEE hereby com'aunde that the said removed bayliffs or
either of them shall not exercise or execute the sayd place of

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119

Coroner or Coroners, of the sayd borough before that they or
bee soe removed have taken a corporall oatli before the newe
bailiffes or one of them truely, justly, and indifferently to
execute the sayd place or places, AND WEE do hereby further
com'aunde that noe other Coroner or Coroners of us our heires
or successors doe, presume to doe, performe, or execute any
acte or thinge whatsoever within the sayd borough or the
liberties thereof which unto the office of a coroner shall or may
belong, AND OUR FURTHER will is that if any of our said
Coroners shall happen to dye during his sayd office, that then
it shall and may be lawfull to and for the said Bayliffs and
burgesses and their successors and the greater parte of them to
chose one other burgesse which had binne bayliffe of the said
borough to supplie the said place for such tyme as the other
soe dyeing should have he] do the said place if bee had lyved,
bee soe chosen takeinge his oath in manner and forme as is
before prescribed, AND WEE also for us our heires and suc-
cessors by theis presentes doe graunte unto the said bayliffs
and burgesses and their successors that they and their succes-
sors may and shall from henceffowrth forever have, hould, and
keepe within the said borough of Oswestrie in the Guildhall
thereof one Courte of Rccorde everie Wednesday in everic
week, weekley throughout the yeare except in Christmas holli-
dayes, Easter, and Whitsunweeke before the sayd bayliffs of the
said borough for the tyme beinge or before one of them or the
' deputie of one of them. And that they may in the Courte
aforesaid by plaintes to be brought in the said Court hould all
and all manner of pleas, actions, suites and demaunds of
trespasses done or com'itted or to bee donne or com'itted in
contempt of us our heires or successors by force and armes or
otherwise and of all other trespasses, offences, and misde-
meanours donne or com'itted or hereafter to be donne or
com'itted within the said borough, the precincts, or liberties
thereof, and of all and all manner of pleas and actions upon
the case deceipts, accomptes, debts, covenauntes, detinues of
charters, cscripts, or miniments, detinues of cattells, chatties,
and goodes, or of any other cattel, or chatties whatsoever, and
all other contractes whatsoever risen or hereafter to rise out of
any cause or thinge whatsoever in as ample maner and forme
to all intentes and purposes as heretofore they have had and
used there, AND AVEE FURTHER will and for us our heires
and successors doe by their presentes graunte that all the
sayd pleas, plaintes, and actions, may and shall bee hearde,
contynucd and determined before the baylitfes of the said
borough of Oswestrie for the tyme being or one of them or the

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deputie of one them in the Guildhall of the borough of
Oswestrie aforesaid by such and like processes and meanes as
are consonant to the lawes and customes of this our realme of
England and in the same mancr and forme and as amply as
hath binne used accustomed or might or ought to bee
donne in any other Courte of Recorde in any citie, borough, or
towne corporate within our realme of England, And that the
sayd baylins and burgesses of the said borough of Oswestry
& their successors may hencefourth forever have full power
and authoritic to attache or cause to be attached by their
bodies accordingc to the course of our lawes all that shallbee
or shalbe suspected to be insufficient in ail actions & pleas
of debt, accompts, trespasses, detinues, & all other plaints and
actions p'sonall heretofore moved brought or stirred or which
hereafter shalbe brought moved or stirred in the said borough
the precincts and lib'ties thereof before the said bailiffs of the
said borough for the time beinge or one of them or the deputy
of one of them within the Guildhall of the sayd borough,
AND WEE further for us our heires and successors by theis
presentes doe graunte unto the said bayliffes and burgesses
and theirc successors that the bayliffes of the said borough of
Oswestry and their successors for ever shall and may have
the one moitye of all yssues, fynes, amerciaments, penalties,
forfeitures of recognizance and recognizances for non-
appearance or for any other cause or causes com'itted or
to be com'itted and all the perquisites whatsoever arising in
the saide Courte of Recorde of the said borough or in any
other court or courts houlden in the saide borough before any
officer or officers of the saide borough, and the other moitie of
the sayd fynes, yssues, amerciaments penaltyes and forfeitures
wee doe for us our heires and successors by theis present
graunte unto the lord of the lordshippe of Oswestrie for the
tyme being and his heires lords of the said lordshippe : AND
wee will and for us our heirs and successors by theis presents
doe graunte unto the said bayliffes and burgesses that there
may be for ever within the said borough one good honest and
discreet man which shalbe and shalbe called the Common
Clarke of the borough aforesaid unto which common Clarke
for the tyme being wee do for us and our heires and successors
by theis presents give and graunte full power and authoritye
to doe and execute all and singuler thing & thinges wcl) doe
belong or app'tayne aswell to the office of ye com'on Clarke of
y° borough aforesaid as to y° office of y° Clarke of the Court of
ye said borough, And for the better execution of our will in
that behalfe "wee have assigned constituted, appoyntcd, and

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121

orda'yned and by theis presents doe assign, constitute,
appomte and ordayne William Tomkins, gent' : to bee the
com'on. Clarke of the said borough to doe and execute all
and singuler thing and things touchinge, concernynge, or
appertayning to the office of the com'on Clarke of the saide
borough and to the office of the Clarke of the Courte of the
borough aforesaide and to contyncwo in that office during the
tearme of his naturall life. And wee further will that the
election and nomination of the saide com'on Clarke for ever
hereafter shall bee and shalbe made by the lord of Oswestry
for the tyrne being And that the said William Tomkins and
every other Com'on Clarke elected and nominated by the
saide lord of Oswestrie for the time beinge shalbe swornc
before the baylifTes of the said borough for the time beinge or
one of them, unto wch baylifTes and every of them and their
successors We do for us our hcires and successors by theis
presentes graunte full power and authoritie to sweare the
said Common Clarke, Constables, and Sergeants at Mace,
and all other officers within the said borough the liberties
and precinctes thereof wthout any further warranto or commis-
sion from us our heires or successors: AND wee further will
that there shall and maye be sixe honest and discreete persons
wch shalbe and shalbe called the Attorneys of the saide courte
of Eecorde of wch wee will that foure shalbe chosen and
named by the bayliffs of the said borough and their suc-
cessors and the other two by the Stewarde of the said borough
for the time beinge the which foure soe named by the said
bayliffes shall contynewc in their said places untill they be
removed by the said bayliffes or their successors, and the
other two named by the Stewarde shall contynewe in their
places until they be removed by the said Stewarde for the
time being : AND wee lykewise graunte for us our heires and
successors that there shall be one honest and discreet man wch
shalbe and shalbe called the .Marshall and Cryer of the said
Courte of the said borough and shalbe chosen and named by
the Bayliffes of the said borough and shall contynewe in the
said place until he be removed by the bayliffes of the said
borough and shall and may during his contynuance in the said
office or place doe and execute such acte deed and things as
to his office or place in the saide Court of Rccorde shall or
may appcrtaync, wch Attorneys and Marshall wee will shall
take their Oathes upon the holic Evangelists before the said
baylHles or one of thcni or the deputy of one of them for
their good and honest discharge of their several offices to
their best knowledge and understandingc. AND WEE further

122

THE RECORDS OF THE

will and by theis presents for us our heirs and successors doe
graunte to the same bayliffes and burgesses That they and
their Successors shall and may for ever hereafter have and
hould within the same borough and within the liberties
thereof one Gaole or Prison for the Custodye and safekeepinge
of all and singular persons attached, or to be attached, or
which to the same prison shalbe adjudged sente or com'ited
by the saide bayliffs, Stewarde, and Recorder or any of them
for the tyme being for any cause or thinge to them seeminge
good or convenicnte there to remayne untill from theare they
shalbe discharged acquytted or delivered by the one course of
Lawe. And that the said bayliffes for the tyme being and
their successors shall nominate make and appointe the
keepers of the said gaole or prison from tyme to tyme dur-
ing their baylifeshippc and the said keeper and keepers soe
appoynted shall answeare and save harmlesse the said bayliffes,
borough, or corporation in and for the true kee}Dinge of the
prisoners and delinquents to his or their charge com'itteel :
AND OUR further will and pleasure is and wee doe ordayne
by theis presents that the said bayliffes, recorder, coroners,
clarkes of the markett, com'on clarke of the borough,
attorneys, marshall of the courte, gaoler, and sergeant at
mace, for the time being and their successors, forever here-
after and from tyme to tyme shall and may have, take,
demand, and receive all and all manner such and the lyke
reasonable fees and proffitt of suit in Courte and courts and
out of court or courts as the bayliffes, recorder, coroners,
clarkes of the markette, common clarke of the borough,
attorneys, marshall of the courte, gaoler, and sergeantes at
mace, of the towne of Ludlowe or any of them have or doc
take, demand, or receive, AND WEE being willinge out of
our grace, and good li hinge to the saide borough to increase
their profhtte and com'oditie doe further graunte for us our
heirs and successors to the sayd bayliffes and burgesses and
their successors that from henceforth for ever all and singular
persons wch now are or hereafter shall be inhabitants or
residants within the said borough or the liberties thereof
aswell they that be free burgesses of the said borough as
those wch are not free in all aides, taxes, contributions, scott,
lott, cessemta : and paymt3 : whatsoever to us our hcires and
successors' uses or to the use of the said borough for the
maintenance of the good estate, charges, and proiitte of the
saide borough shalbe Taxed, rated and reaoonably assessed wth
the other burgesses of the same borough, And that the said
bayliffes and burgesses and their successors may to the use

CORPORATION OF OSWESTRY.

123

profittee and helpe of the same borough leavy or cause to be
levyed by their Sergeants officers, or ministers of the same
aides, taxes, contributions, paymts, scott and lott, from time
to time by distresse or distresses of the goodes or cattells or
both of them of the saide persons soe taxed or assessed which
persons inhabitants and. residents of what sorte, kinde, or
qualitye soever, shall from tyme to tyme and at the tymes
hereafter be charged and chargeable with the said taxes, aides,
scott and lott, and other contributions and every of them.
AND OUR further will and pleasure is and Ave do by theis
presentes graunte unto the saide bayliffes and burgesses and
their successors That the saide bayliffes and burgesses and
the greater parte of them may and shall have full power and
authoritie from tyme to tyme and att all tymes hereafter to
name, elect, choose, appointe, and make any person or persons
whomsoevr wch hath or hereafter shall serve as an apprentice
within the saide borough or hath or shall keepe a famylie
within the saide borough the liberties and precincts thereof
by the space of seaven yeares to be free burges and burgesses
of the same borough, And that the bayliffes of the said
borough for the tyme being, the Stewarde of the lord of the
manor for the tyme being and the burgesses of the said
borough and the greater part of them "Whereof wee will the
Steward of the lord of the mannor for the tyme being to bee
one shall have full power and authoritie to name, electe,
choose, appointe, and make any person or persons whatsoever
to be free burgesse or burgesses of the saide borough, And
our will is that such person or persons hereafter soe to be
named elected chosen, appointed, and made as is before
appointed shalbe and shalbe called free burgesses of the
borough of Oswestry And shall and may have hould, and enjoy
all priviledges, free domes, and liberties of the said borough
fully, freely, and absolutely to them and their heires forever by
theis present unless they shalbe for some juste, fitte, and
reasonable cause and consideration expelled, removed, or dis-
franchised, by the said bayliffes and burgesses or the greater
part of them, And wee doe hereby for us our heires and
successors by theis presents graunte to the said bayliffes and
their successors forever that the said bayliffes and burgesses
and their successors for ever or the greater parte of them may
have from tyme to tyme full power and authoritye upon any
just, fitte, and reasonable and lawfull cause or consideration
to cxpell remove and disfranchise any burgesse or burgesses
of the said borough: AND WEE further will and for us our
heires and successors doe graunte to the saide bayliffes and
Vol. hi. r

124

THE RECORDS OF THE *

burgesses of the saide borough and their successors That no
stramger or foreigner unless he bo free burgesse of the same
borough and free of the company wherein hee doth intend to
trade or have served as a prentice to the said trade for seaven
years within the saide borough shal at any time hereafter
excepte in the tyme of the faircs to be hereafter held
within the same borough, sell, or sette to sale any
wares or merchandizes within the same borough or the
liberties and precincts thereof otherwise than ingrosse
unless it be victualls for the feedinge, reliefe, and nowrish-
ment of the saide borough and the inhabitants thereof,
nor shall keepe any shoppc, or use any misterie,
occupation, or handierafte within the same borough and
libertyes thereof without the speciall licence and allowance
of the bayliffes for the tyme being and burgesses of the saide
borough or the greater parte thereof, Whereof wee will the
said bayliffes to be two, in writing under the com'on scale of
the same borough first had and obteyned under paine of our
displeasure and such penaltie and forfeiture as may by the
lawes and statuts of this our realme of England bee inflicted
or imposed upon hym or them soe' offendynge for his and
their contempte and disobedience : And we doe hereby give
full power and authoritie to the saide bayliffs and burgesses
and their successors from time to time to order and punishe
such foreners and strangers as shall presume to enter into or
infringe the freedome of the said borough or any parte thereof
by ymposition of reasonable fyne equivalent to the qualitie of
theire offences or seizure of their goodes if our lawes will soe
p'mitt, which fyne and fynes and seizures wee will alsoe that
the said Bayiines and Burgesses for the tyme beinge shall
leavye by waye of distresse upon the saide delinquentes goodes
and cattells, and have, houlde, and enjoy e the moitye of the
same to the use and benefitte of the said borough, and the other
moitie to be to the use of the lord of the lordshippo of Oswestry
for the tyme beinge. AND OUR FURTHER will and pleasure
is and wee doe graunte for us our heires and successors unto
the said bayliffes and burgesses and their successors that they
nor any of them shall in any wise bee constrayned or com-
pelled to appeare before us our heires or successors or before
any of our or their Judges or Justices or any other ollicer or
ofheers of us our heires or successors in or uppon any Juries,
Assizes, recognizances or inquisitions whatsoever out of the said
borough or the liberties thereof, willing and commanding
hereby that nbe Sheriffe, Coroner, or other ollicer or officers
within our townc of Saloppe shall p'sume hereafter to retorne

CORPORATION OF OSWESTRY.

125

or impanell any of the burgesses of the said borough of
Oswestrye in or upon any Juries, assizes, recognizances, or
inquisicions whatsoever out of the said borough or liberties
thereof without the good likeing of the said burgesse uppon
pain of our displeasure. AND WEE have further graunted
and for us our heires and successors doe by theis presents
graunte unto the said Bayliftes and Burgesses and their suc-
cessors, that they and their successors shall and may
henceforth for ever have retornes of all and all manner of
writts, precepts, bills, and warrants of us our heires and
successors and also sum'ons, estreats, and precepts of our
Exchequer and the Exchequer of our heires and successors
and alsoe the precepts of all and every our Justices or Judges
whatsoever, And alsoe all attachments aswell of pleas of y°
Crowne as of any other pleas whatsoever rysen or growne
or which hereafter shall aryse or growe within the said borough
of Oswestrye and the liberties and precincts thereof, All which
retornes wee will shalbe made by the bayliftes of the said
borough for the tyme being soe that noe Sheriffe, bayliffe, or
any other officer or minister of us our heires or successors
may or hereafter doe presume to enter the said borough of
Oswestrie or the liberties thereof for to doe any thing cone'rn-
ing his or their office or offices unless itt be in respect of the
defaulte of the bayliftes of the borough of Oswestrie aforesaid
for the tyme being or their successors or their under officers
AN.D WEE further will and for us our heires and successors
by theis presents doe graunt unto the bayliftes and burgesses
of the said borough of Oswestry and their successors That
they and their successors may henceforth for ever have
cognizance of all and all manner of pleas and accions of debt,
accompt, trespasses, covenents, deceipts, detinues of chattells
or charters and of all other accions and plaints personall
whatsoever, rysen happened, growne, or which hereafter shall
ryse, happen, or growe within the said borough and the
liberties and precincts thereof in such manner as is aforesaid
with all proftitts and emoluments whatsoever arysing thereof
and wee have alsoe graunted and for us our heires and suc-
cessors by theis presents doe graunte unto the bayliftes and
burgesses of the said borough of Oswestrie and their successors
That the bayliftes of the borough of Oswestry aforesaid for
the tyme being together with the Clarke deputed or to bee
deputed by us to receave recognizances of debts, accordinge
to the forme of the Statute marchaunt and the statute of
Acton Burnell may and shall henceforth for ever have full
power and authentic to receave any recognizance or

126

THE RECORDS OF THE

recognizances between marchaunt and marchaunt and
to make thereupon cxecucion according to the forme
of the statute marchaunt and the statute of Acton
Burnell lately or heretofore made and provided and
alsoe to doe and execute by force and vertue of the said
statutes or any of them all and singuler thing and thinges
which doe belonge to any Maior of any cittie to doe or
execute by force and virtue of the said statutes or any of
them AND WEE further with and by theis presents doe
ordaine that the common Clarke of the said borough for the
tyme being shall and may forever hereafter bee a Clarke to
receive recognizances for debts according to the forme ol the
Statutes aforesaid or of eyther of them, And that the said
common Clarke may and shall for ever have power and
authoritie to doe and execute all and singuler thing and
thinges which doe in any wyse belong to the office of a Clarke
deputed to receive recognizances of debtes according to the
forme of the statutes aforesaid or eyther of them to bee done
and executed by force and virtue of the said statutes AND
WEE doe by theis presents ordaine, nominate, constitute, and
appointe the Common Clarke of the borough of Oswestrie
aforesaid for the tyme being from henceforth forever hereafter
to bee the Clarke of the recognizances aforesaid within the
borough of Oswestry aforesaid and the liberties and precints
thereof according to the forme of the said statute made at
Acton Burnell aforesaid and that they may henceforth for ever
have a seale for the sealing of the aforesaid recognizances
according to the forme of the statutes aforesaid AND WEE
doe further graunt for us our heires and successors unto the
said baylifYes and burgesses and their successors free libertie,
leave, and licence to have, hould purchase jiossesse and receave
to them and their successors for ever Manors, messuages,
landes, tenements, meadowes, feedings, pastures, goodes,
rectories, tenthes, and tythes, rents, revercions, and other
hereditaments whatsoever aswell of us as of any other person
or persons not held imediately of us our heirs or successors
in Capite or Knight service or of any other person or persons
in Knight service soe as the same Manors, messuages, landes,
tenements, and other hereditaments doe and shall not exceede
in the whole and altogether the cleare yearely value of fTiftie
poundes by the yeare over and above all charges and reprises,
The statute of mortmain, or any other statute act, ordynaunce,
or provision, heretofore had, made, or ordayned to the con-
trary in any wise notwithstanding. AND WEE further graunt
to all manner of persons and their heires whosoever like free

CORPORATION OF OSWESTRY.

127

lib'tie and lycence to give graunte sell bequeath or alien any
manors, messuages, landes, tenements, and hereditaments
whatsoever to the bayliffes and burgesses of the borough of
Oswestrie aforesaid so as the same be not held of us our heires
or successors imediately in Capite nor by Knight service nor
of any other person in Knight service And so as the same
manors, messuages, landes, tenements, and hereditaments soe
to be given and granted, bequeathed, sould, or aliend in the
whole due not exceed the clear yearly value of nifty poundes
over and above all charges and reprises, The statute of mort-
mains, or anie other Statute act, ordynance or provision to
the contrary thereof in any wyse notwithstanding. AND
WHEREAS we are credibly informed that the bayliffes and
burgesses of the borough of Oswestry aforesaid have, tyme
whereof the memory of man runneth not to the contrary,
Two rnarkctts every weeke throughout the yeare, and Three
f aires every yeare, (that is to say), one Markett every Monday
every weeke, throughout the yeare, and another Market upon
Frydaie every weeke throughout the yeare, and three faires
(that is to say), the first faire day to bee and be held upon
the ffirst and second day of May, the second faire day to
bee and bee held upon the ffowrth and ffifth day of August,
the third faire day to bee and bee held uppon the nyne and
twentieth and thirtith day of November yearely, AVEE OF
OUR further grace, ccrtaine knowledge, and rneere motion for
us our heires and successors doe by theis presents graunt to
the said bayliffes and burgesses of Oswestry aforesaid and their
successors, That they and their successors may weekely and
yearely have, hould, and enjoy the Markett and Faires afore-
said the same dayes and times, and in such sort manner and
forme as tyme whereof the memory of man runneth not to the
contrary have byn, had, held, and kept within the said borough
and liberties thereof together with Court of Pipowder and all
other priviledges there had and used att the tymes of the
keeping of the said Marketts and Faires with all prontte to
such marketts and faires belonging or appertayningc, All rights
liberties, preheminences, courts, priviledges, profits, and pay-
ments due at any tyme heretofore or hereafter due or to bee duo
unto the lord or lords of the lordshippe of Oswestrie for the
tyme being alwaies excepted and forepryscd AND AVEE
further will and for us our heires and successors doe graunte
by theis presents and coniirme to the said bayliffes and
burgesses of Oswestry and their successors all and all manner
of liberties, franchesies, immunities, exemptions, priviledges,
jurisdictions, wayes, wastes, commons, and all other hcridita-

128

THE RECORDS OF THE

ments whatsoever which the bayliffes and burgesses of the
borough aforesaid or the burgesses of the borough afore -
saide now lawfully have, hould, use, or enjoye, or which
any of them or their predecessors by what name or names
soever or by what incorporation or by what precept of
what incorporation soever they have heretofore lawfully
had, held, used or enjoyed the same or ought to have
had, held, used, or enjoyed the same of any estate or inheri-
tance by reason of any Charters or letters patent by any of our
progenitors, predecessors, kinges, and queenes of England, or
by any prynce of Wales, or by any lord of the lordshippe of
Oswestrye heretofore made graunted or confirmed or by reason
of any lawful use or p'scription heretofore there had and used
though they or some of them have not bynne used, or have
bynne misused, discontynuod, or forfeited soe that they bee
not contrary to the lawes and statutes of this our realme of
England, All, and every the rights, priviledges, and promts due
to the lord of the said lordshippe of Oswestrie for the tyme
being in anie wyse alwaies excepted and forepryscd WHERE-
FORE wee will and for us our heires and successors by tbeis
presents doe grauntc Thatt the bayliffes and burgesses of the
borough of Oswestrie aforesaid and their successors may
freely fully and wholly have, hould, use, and enjoye all the
liberties, free customos, priviledges, authorities, and jurisdic-
tions aforesaid according to the Tenor and effect of theis our
letters patente without any ympeachment of us our heires or
successors willing that the said bayliffes and burgesses and
their successors nor any of them be not by reason of the
premisses or any of them by us our heyres or successors or by
our or our heyres or successors, justices, shecriffes, escheators,
bayliffes, or any other officer or mynister of us our heyres or
successors impleaded, molested, vexed, grieved or any way
troubled WILLING further and hereby requiring and com-
manding aswell our Treasorer, Chaunccllor, and Barons of our
Exchequer att Westminster as our Attorney and Sollicitor
Gencrall for the tyme being and every of them, and all other
our officers that they nor any of them nor any other shall
bring, contynue, orp'sente, or cause to bee brought, contynucd,
or p'sented any writte or Summons of Quo warranto or any
other writte or p'cesse whatsoever against the aforesaid
bayliffes and burgesses of the borough aforesaid or any of
them for any cause, thing, matter, offence Claime, or usurpa-
cion, or any of them by them or any of them lawfully, duely,
and justly claymcd, used, attempted, had, or usurped before
the makeing of theis our Letters patent. AND WEE will

CORPORATION OF OSWESTRY.

129

further that neither the bayliffes and burgesses of the borough
of Oswestre aforesaid nor any of them may or shall hereafter
be impleaded, impeached or molested by any of our Justices,
officers or mynisters for, or concerning any use claime, or
abuse of any liberties, frauncheses, or jurisdictions within the
borough aforesaid the liberties and precincts thereof before the
makeing of theis our Letters patent nor that they nor eyther
of them bee compelled to answeare them or any of them AND
lastly we grauntc by theis p'sents unto the said bayliffes and
burgesses of the sa\d borough of Oswestry and their successors
That they shall and may have theis our Letters patent made
and sealed with our great scale of England without any ffyne
or ffee great or small to bee made or payed in our Hanaper or
elsewhere to our use, And that theis our Letters patent shal-
bee available unto the said bayliffes and burgesses and their
successors THOUGH noe express mencion bee therein made
of the annuall value or of any other value or certainty of the
premisses or any of them or of the guiftes or graunts heretofore
made by us or any other of our progenitors, or predecessors,
kinges, or queenes of England, or any prynce of Wales, or lord
of the lordshippe of Oswestrie unto the bayliffes and burgesses
of the said borough of Oswestry or to any of them, any statute,
act, ordynance, provision, proclamation, or restraint thereof
heretofore made to the contrary in any wise notwithstanding.
IN WITNESS wherof wee have caused theis our Letters to
bee made Patent WITNES our selfe att Westminster the
fifteenth day of March in the ffourteenth yeare of ourraigne of
England, Fraunce, and Ireland, and of Scotland the fiftith.

per breve de privato sigillo.

Endorsement.

A Charter graunted to the Bayliffes and Burgesses of
the Towne of Oswestrie in the countie of Saloppe.

Cartwright.

ABSTRACT OF THE PRINCIPAL PROVISIONS OF THE CHARTER.

The Town to be a free borough of itself by the name of the
Bailiffs and Burgesses of Oswestry — with perpetual succession
— right to hold land — common seal — two Bailiffs— one Steward
— one Recorder — a Guildhall — authority to make laws — im-
pose fines, half of which are to go to the Corporation half to
the Lord.

1 Ropfer Kynaston ) . *. a . t> .r«,
t \ Yinv fto be the first Baihfls.

John \\ llliams J

1 There were younger brandies of the Kynastons of Hordley settled
at Morton, Macsbury, and Maesbrook, in the immediate neighbourhood
of Oswestry, to one or other of whom this Roger Kynaston belonged.

130

THE RECORDS OF THE

The method of electing Bailiffs was to be as follows : The
retiring Bailiffs and the Burgesses were to meet on the Friday
next after the feast of St. Michael the Archangel, and continue
and abide together without meat, drink, or candle light until
they or the greater part of them should agree and absolutely
elect and nominate two of the free Burgesses to be Bailiffs for
the following year. The new Bailiffs were then to be sworn.

1 Sir John Towneshend, Kt., to be the Steward.

2 Sir Henry Towneshend, Kt., to be Recorder.

The Recorders in future to be elected by the Bailiffs and
Burgesses.

The Steward to be nominated by the Lord.

The Bailiffs, Steward, and Recorder to be Justices of the
Peace, " ex officio," within the limits of the borough, and to
have authority to enquire into all manner of " felonyes, murders,
homicides, poysonyngs, inchantments, witchcraft, acte magick,
trespasses, forestallors, regrators, ingrossers, and extortions
whatsoever."

The oath of the new Bailiffs to be taken before George
Hynde, of Iveleth, Esq., Arthur Kynaston, Esq., and Hugh
Morice, Esq., or one of them.

Power to Bailiffs to appoint constables and inferior officers.

Two Sergeants-at-mace.

The maces to be of silver or silver- gilt, engraved with the
Royal arms at the upper end and those of the Lord of the
Town at the lower end, " which maces the sergeants shall beare
openly in their handes or upon their shoulders in solcmpne
and decente sorte, bareheaded before the said Bailiffs."

Two Coroners.

1 2 These two brothers were the sons of Sir Robert Towneshend'
Ch. Justice of Chester, whose father, Sir Roger, was a judge of Com-
mon Pleas. Sir Henry was also Chief Justice of Chester, and also
Steward of Shrewsbury, to which office he was elected in 1597. He
married a daughter of Sir Rowland Heyward, of Cound, near Shrews-
bury, an estate purchased by his father-in-law from the Earl of
Arundel, and he was buried at Cound in 1621. Of this family were
the Towneshends of Emley Lovett, co. Worcester, the heiress of which
branch carried the estate to the Foresters, and the Rev. Robert
Forester sold it about 1850 to Mr. Foster, now of Apley Park. The
noble family of Townshends of lvnynham, co. Norfolk, arc descended
from Sirlloger. — [Blakeway's Sheriffs, p. 155, and Hist, of Shrewsbury,

3 4 These two names appear among the " Knights, esquires, and gen-
tlemen," in the list of those whosignedtho" declaration." No. xvii., 1023.

p. 539.1

CORPORATION OF OSWESTRY.

131

In future the retiring Bailiffs to be Coroners for the year
after office.

A Court of Record to be held weekly, half the fines levied to
go to the Corporation, half to the Lord.

One Common Clerk of the borough.

William Tomkins to be the first Clerk.

In future the appointment to be in the Lord.

Six " honest and discrete" persons to be attorneys of the
Court of Record, four to be named by the Bailiffs and two by
the Steward.

One Marshall or Crier of the Court to be named by the
Bailiffs.

A prison to be kept, and the gaoler to be named by the
Bailiffs.

Right to elect any person a free Burgess who has served
seven years apprenticeship in the borough.

Authority to the Burgesses and Steward to elect any person
a free Burgess or a Burgess.

Authority to disfranchise a Burgess upon sufficient grounds.

No foreigner to trade in Oswestry except on fair days.
Penalty, fine or seizure of goods.

Exemption of Burgesses from sitting on juries beyond the
limits of the borough.

Two markets every week, onfMondays and Fridays. Three
fairs every year, on the 1st and 2nd May, 4th and 5th Aug.,
29th and 30th Nov.

No. XIX.

26 Sep., 1617.

Letter of Sir John Tovnisend to the Bailiffs of
Oswestry.

Mr Baaliffs.: I vnderstand that vppo' yor new Electione of
Bayliffs ther is like to growe great contentione amongst you
wcbc I ame right sorrye of for that I haue labored wth all
my beast meanes to settell you And hauinge labored to
bring all contentment vnto you to rcc' this hard measuer hit
will not only greauc me but stire me to that wch I hope being
a mo'ber of yow I shall never haue cause if my loue and
faythfullncss can .... nothin wth0 yowc then let my
worthy v . . . . who hathe ever tendered yo11 all be so
much bcloued of yow for yor ownc good that yow will like mene
of grauitye and gouerment make choyss of tow sufficient and
Vol. hi. s

132

THE RECORDS OF THE

able men wtljout truble o1 speache that hit cometh not vnto
the eares of my honorabl' good Lord Tresu . . . whereby
I knowc T shall rec' displeasuer a . . . be confirmed in
the opinione that or eunemies hathe loung labored to settell his
Lordshipp in fherfor ounce agayne I inteart yow all my louig
ffrinds & fellow Burgesses that I maye heare noe more of
this rum ore. And assuredly . . . shall ever find me yor
true and faythfull ffrind to be vsed John Touneshend.

Drurye Layne this xxvjth of Sept' 1017.
I praye yo11 read this letter publiklee to all my fellow Bur-
gisses.

[Addressed :] To the worshpp11 my very loing ffrinds the
Bay .... of Oswest .... del' thes wth spede

No. XX.

Papers relating to the Welsh Cloth Trade,

1622 to 1G44.

The Welsh cloth trade was the staple trade of
Oswestry, and was secured to the town by Protective
privileges. Shrewsbury, however, was a rival com-
petitor for the trade, and the following papers and
petitions show how eagerly the two towns struggled
for the monopoly. These papers are all placed to-
gether, a little out of chronological order, for the
sake of keeping together the same subject matter
under one heading. Abstracts instead of the full text
are given.

29 Aug., 1G22,|1W., Earl of Northampton, to the Bailiffs of
Compton. j Oswestry. Having received directions from
the Lords of the Council to hear and determine the difference
between Shrewsbury and Oswestry, he desires the Bailiffs to
come oi* send to him at Bewdley.

21 Dec, 1G . . 1 Order of the Privy Council. Complaint has
Whitehall, j been made by the Town of Shrewsburie that
since their Lordships' order of the 2Gth June last, by which

1 William 2d. Baron Compton was made Earl of Northampton by
James I. in 1G18. lie was President of the Court of the Marches
from 1617 to 1G30. [Olive's IIU. of Ludlow, p. 180.]

CORPORATION OF OSWESTRY.

133

the markets of Welsh cloths and cottons was restrained to
Oswestrie, trade was much decayed. Their Lordships are
unwilling to alter their former order till they hear the opinion
of the Lord President of Wales and the Chief Justice of
Chester, to whom the business was referred. Thomas Kinaston,
who followed the business of Oswestrie, offered to buy up such
cloths as should be brought to that town, in case the market
were there continued. Order therefore that he do enter into
Bond " to take from the Welsh clothiers at the twelfth market
next ensuing as great a quantity of cloth as by a medium of the
four last twelfth markets shall appear to have been taken off
heretofore, and to continue that course afterwards according to
a medium of four ordinary markets until the business shall be
finally settled." The Attorney General to certify his opinion. If
Kinaston do not enter into such bonds, the trade to remain
free and not restrained to any place until the hearing and
further order. Present : — Arch, of Canterbury, Ld. Keeper,
Ld. Treasurer, Ld. President. Ld. Steward, Earl Marshall, Earl
of Carlile, Ld. Viscount Grandison, Ld. Bishop of Winton, Ld,
Brooke, Mr. Treasurer, Mr. Comptroller, Mr. Secretary Calvert,
Mr. Chancellor of the Exchequer, Master of the Rolls, Sir
Edward Conway.

No date. ] Cony of part of a letter from Arthur Kynaston
About 1G23. j to Thomas, Earl of Suffolke", touching the decay
of the market at Oswestry, to the great loss of his Lordship's
revenue and utter undoing of his town and tenants. Has had
a letter from the Earle, dated at Audley End, stating that he
" would be a mean to have restitution thereof;" but has not ac-
quainted the townsmen therewith, because of their ill behaviour ;
they ought to be at the charge of the recovery of the market,

h j if 99 o 1 Certificate of the Justices of the Peace of the
' Jan,> , 0L-"°- | co. of Salop to the Privy Council, at the re-
quest of the Bailiffs of Shrewsbury and wardens of the several
companies in that town, made to them at Quarter Sessions, as
to the great poverty whereunto that town has fallen by decay
of the trades of buying and working Welsh cloths, owing to
" the late restraint of buying of Welsh cloths in the said town,"
which has also been to the great loss of the Welsh clothiers,
who think it more beneficial to sell their cloths at such
markets as they please, according to Plis Majesty's late pro-
clamation. Signed by : — William Owen sheriff, Ilumfrey Lee,
Robert Necdliam, Robert Vernon, Vine. Corbet, Rich, Newport,
Rich. Mitton, Thos. Ottley, -— Corbet, Peter Corbet, Thos.
Harris, Roger Pope, Rich. Lystcr, Rich. Moore, Robert Owen.

134

THE RECORDS OF THE

No date. | Report of the Attorney General to the Privy
About 1G24 (?) j Council on the certificate sent to their Lord-
ships desiring a re -establishment of the market of Welsh
cloths and cottons at Oswestrie. It gives an account of
the dispute between the inhabitants of Wales and the
drapers of Shrewsbury, between whom the town of Oswestrie
" hath no reason but to stand indifferent." The towns of
Whitchurch and Coven trie are also mentioned. In July
last there was a royal proclamation, setting the trade free,
in accordance with an Act of Parliament passed at the
last session.

w..i f i + I Petition of the Bailiffs and Burgesses of
V\ ltnout date, j shrewsbmy t0 the Privy Council touching the

Welsh cloth trade. They have enjoyed a free market for ail
merchandise, including cloth (pannus crudus), since the time
of King John. A certificate was unduly procured and allowed
by Arthur Kynaston of Shrewsbury, and others of Oswestrie,
for their private ends, Kinaston being in favour of the Toll of
Oswestrie ; whereupon the Council made an order to restrain
the inland trade of Welsh cottons to Oswestrie, which is a
greivance to the poor makers. Pray that Oswestry and
Shrewsbury may each enjoy its own market, according to Act
of Parliament and proclamation.

mi, lvf if V Letter from Hugh Nairn ev to the BaylifYs
/tn May, 10 . . J and Aicicrraen pf Oswestrie. The bearer,
Mr. Thomas Edwardes, has been soliciting men to sub-
scribe to a petition — ■" We find it very prejudicial to the
country .... but we will join with you to prevent the
proud Salopians that they shall do you and us no wrong . . .
and we will solicit, in Parliament for your benefit as well
as our own."

-j ) Petition of the Bailiffs and Burgesses of Oswestrie
JNo elate. |in behaife of themselves and die poor clothiers
of North Wales and the counties adjoining, to the Privy
Council.

j- j , ) Petition of the Bailiffs and Burgesses of Shrews-
JNo elate. ( \jUVy i0 the Privy Council. According to procla-
mation the Welsh clothiers brought cloths for sale both to
Oswestrie and Shrewsburye, but some few persons in Oswestrie
have obtained an order from the Council to restrain petitioners
from buying Welsh cloths at any other place than Oswestrie.
This matter concerns many t housands in Shrewsburye and but
few in Oswestrie. Pray to be allowed to buy clothes coming to
Shrewsburie as heretofore.

CORPORATION OF OSWESTRY.

135

The following five petitions were fastened together.

1. ) Petition of the Corporation and Company
No, date, j Drapers of Shrewsbury to the Privy Council to call
before them the Company of French Merchants, to shew cause
why they do not buy up the Welsh cloths in Blackwell Hall,
as formerly.

2. I Petition of the Drapers of Shrewsbury and Oswes-
No date. J trie to the same against certain persons named
1Charlton and 2Harby, countenanced by the City of London,
who labour to " entrade" themselves into petitioners' trade
of buying Welsh cottons at Oswestrie, contrary to Council
orders.

3. } Petition of the same to the same, to restrain mer-
No date, j chants and drapers of London and their factors
from buying and engrossing Welsh cloths and friezes in North
Wales and exporting them before they come to Oswestry, where
such cloths are usually bought by the petitioners and by the
drapers of Whitchurch, Chester, and Coventry, according to
Council orders made in 1613 and before, which settled that
such merchants, etc., should buy only at Blackwell Hall and in
London. John Bryard, of London, merchant, and his factor,
William Thomas, of Oswestry, clothworker, have infringed
these regulations, and export cloths forestalled to Rochelle,
Bourdeaux, and St. Mallowes.

4. \ Petition of the Drapers of Shrewsbury to the same,
No date, j relative to the same matter. Thomas Matthewes,
of Shrewsbury, mercer, is complained of ; also Thomas Davies,
a draper of London, who lately made himself a burgess of
Oswestry. A certificate was made in the matter by the Lord
President of Wales, Sir Peter Warberton, Sir John Crooke, Sir
Edward Bromley, Sir Thomas Chamberlain, and others.

5. 1 Petition of the same to the same, also against
No date, j Thomas Davies.

No date. ) Petition of the poor Clothiers of North Wales to
About 102S. J William, Earl of Northampton, Lord President
of Wales and Lord Lieutenant of the same, shewing that it is

1 2 Robert Chariton of Whit ton, near Ludlow, married Emma, d of
Sir Job Harby ot Adston, co. Northampton, and was father by her of
Sir Job Charlton, who was Speaker of the House of Commons in
1G72, and afterwards Judge of the Common Pleas. Both Robert
Charlton and his father-in-law were eminent goldsmiths in the city of
London. [Blakeway's Sheriffs of Skrop., p. 102.]

136

THE RECORDS OF THE

easier and less chargeable to them to go to Oswestrie than to
Shrewsburye to sell their cloths. The cloth market in Shrews-
burye is on Wednesday, and the market in Machynlleth and
Dolgelley (where wool, yarn, etc., are bought for making Welsh
cottons) is also kept on the same day.

No date. ) Petition of the poor Clothiers of North Wales and
Circa 1625. j the counties adjoining to 1 John Lord P>ishop of
Lincoln, Lord Keeper, stating they had lately petitioned the
King for restitution of the ancient staple market for cloths on
the confines of the said country, and praying him to use his
influence for the speedy consideration of the Attorney
General's report by the Privy Council.

| . \ Petition of the Bailiffs and Burgesses of Oswestry
0 c a ' j to Henry, Viscount Maundevil, Lord President of
the Privy Council, in behalf of themselves and the poor clothiers
of North Wales and counties adjoining. Pray for a copy of the
Council order of 26th June last touching Welsh cottons, the
Bailiffs and Burgesses of Shrewsbury having petitioned
against it.

No. XXI.

4 October, 1627.

Pentrepant. — Letter from -John Hanmer, Bishop of St.
Asaph, to the Bailiffs and Burgesses, requesting favour on
behalf of his cousin, John Davis, glover, whose suit is to be
made a burgess. He lately moved them in behalf of his
servant, William Olieffe.

Nos. XXI 1. and XXIII.
22 and 23 Oct.,. 1638. 14 Chas. I.
These two deeds are conveyances in trust of the
property which Hugh Yale left to the poor of Oswestry.

1 John Williams, Bishop of Lincoln and afterwards Archbishop of
York. He was Lord Keeper from 1621 to 1026.

2 John Hanmer was born at Pentrepant, 1574, He was educated
at Oriel College, and was a fellow of All Souls College. He was
Prebendary of Worcester and Chaplain to James I. He was con-
secrated Bishop St. Asaph in 1023, and was buried at Selattyn in
1029, where there is a monument to his memory. [R. Williams's
Diet, of Eminent Welshmen.] From the Hanmers the estate passed
through the Strudwieks to the Warriilgions ; George Henry War-
rington of Pentrepant having married in 1791 the" heiress of the
Carews of Crowcombc ami Carew Castle, assumed the name of Carew
and in his family Pentrepant remains [J 870.]

CORPORATION OF OSWESTRY.

13?

The original trustees, namely David Yale, Doctor of
the Law, John Edwards of Chirke, Thomas Powell of
Park, Esquires, and Richard Evance of Trevelech,
gent., all having died, the premises were held by John
Edwards the younger, of Chirke^ as son and heir to his
father. The new trustees were John Griffiths and
Francis Smallman, Esqs., Bailiffs of the Towrn of
Oswestrie, and Edward Jones, gent., and Thomas
Morgan, " whitawer/' of Oswestry, Overseers of the
Poor, 1 Richard Lloyd of Lloynymaen, in co. Salop, Esq.,
2 Andrew Lloyd of Aston, in co. Salop, Esq., 3 John
Davies, of Middleton, in co. Salop, Esq., 4 William Owen

1 See under No. XVII.

2 See under No. XXVI.

3 A MS. History of Oswestry by John Davies, Recorder of the
borough (written at the request of the Earl of Arundel) is preserved
in the Brit. Mus. It is dated " From my poore house at Midlton
the 15 of December, 1G35Y' [Bye-gones, ISIS, p, 2.]

4 William Owen was cither the brother or the son of Sir John
Owen of Clenenny and Porkington. Porkington, at one time
owned by the Lakens, descended from them to the family of Maurice
of Clenenny, and the daughter and heir of Sir William Maurice in the
reign of Elizabeth married John Owen, a younger son of Owen ap
Robert of Bodsilin, in Anglesey, who was secretary to Walsingham,
and who, Pennant, says, amassed a fortune of £10,000. Porkington
thus became one of the estates of the Owens. Sir John Owen was a
very distinguished Commander on the Royalist side during the Civil
Wars. He died in 1GGG. William Owen, a brother of Sir John's,
and possibly the same whose name is mentioned here, was Governor
of Harlech Castle in the Wars. From the family of Owen, Porking-
ton passed to the Ormsbys by the marriage in 1777 of Margaret Owen
to Owen Ormsby of Willowbrook, co. Sligo, and their daughter and
sole heir, Mary Jane, in 1815 carried the estate into the family of
Gore of Woodford, by her marriage with Mr. William Gore, who as-
sumed the additional surname of Ormsby. The title of Baron
Harlech was conferred on his son Ralph in 1S7G. Pennant, writing-
in 1784:, in his Tour through Wales, p. 27G, says of this place — " It
takes its name from a singular entrenchment in a neighbouring field
called Oastell Brpgyntyn, a fort belonging to Owen Brogyntyn, a

natural son of Madoc-ap-Meredydd, prince of Powys

The name of the house was soon altered to one very nearly resembling
the present. In 1218, Henry III., in an address to Llewelyn,
informs him that, among others, Blcddyn films Oeni do Porhiiiton
had performed to his Majesty the service lie owed." The old house

i38

THE RECORDS OF THE

of Porkington, in co. Salop, Esq., and John Edwards
the younger, of Chirk, gent.

Indenture of bargain and sale by John Edwards the elder
of Chirke in eo. Denbigh Esq. to John Griffithes and Francis
Smallman Esqrs Bailiffs of the Borough Town of Oswestrie in
co. Salop, and Edward Jones of Oswestrie gent, and Thomas
Morgan of Oswestrie " whittawer," Overseers of the Poor of
Oswestrie, and Richard Lloyd of Lloynymaen in co. Salop
Esq1". Andrew Lloyd of Aston in co. Salop Esq1'. John Davies
of Middleton in co. Salop Esq1'. William Owen of Porkington
in co. Salop Esq1, and John Edwards the younger of Chirke
gent, son and heir apparent of the said John Edwards the
elder, (for 10s.) of one messuage house or burgage, adjoining to
the churchyard of Oswestrie called y Ty or y Tyddin yn y
fynwent, and one cottage called Bullen, with a croft between
the chappell holds in Oswestrie, and the horse mill of Edward
Lloyd of Llanvorda Esq., and the reversion of a house
and garden heretofore in the possession of Robert ap
Edward glover deceased, and adjoining to the school-house
of Oswestry. To hold for six months. Signed by John
Edwards.

Indenture tripartite between the same parties, being a con-
veyance by John Edwardes the elder of Chirke Esqre to the
other parties of the properties mentioned above, formerly the
possessions of Hugh Yale of Oswestrie gent, deceased, who
devised the same by will to David Yale, Doctor of the Law,
John Edwards of Chirke (lather of the said John Edwards)
Thomas Powell of Parke, Esquires, and Richard Evance of
Trevlech gent, and their heirs to the use of the Poor of
Oswestrie for ever, to be by them with the Bailiffs and Over-
seers of the Poor set and let for yearly rents, which should be
on the first of January yearly publicly bestowed on such of
the poor people of Oswestry as should stand in most need
thereof; and if any preacher on the said day should make a
sermon in the Welsh tongue in the parish church he should
receive Gs. 8d. ; the premises having come to the said John
Edwards as son and heir of the said John Edwards, deceased,
who survived the rest of the devisees. To hold subject to the
trusts and charitable uses above mentioned. Signed by
Griffiths, Smallman, and others.

was taken down about 1S00 by Mr. Owen Ormsby, and the
present house, which has lately been considerably enlarged, built
in its place.

CORPORATION OF OSWESTRY.

139

XXIV.
1(341- -164.4.

Letters from 1Sir Sampson Eure to the Burgesses of
Oswestry.

1. 1641. Letter approving of the admission of
Samuel Watkiss as a Burgess.

2. and 3. 13 Ap., 1644. Letter to the Bailiffs enclosing

an opinion on the Election of a Recorder.
Mr. Bayliffs/

I haue receaued the 3d of Aprill

wch . .... to my hands till the Touching

the elecc'on of the Record' it must be within the moneth
of the vacancy, but he may be sworne at any time before
he take on him the exccuc'on of the place, therefore you
are mistaken in yor Pre. I com' end yo1' care in the choice
of yor Recorder ; that he showld be learned in the lawes
yor charter recjuireth and I aduise you to choose a man not
onely learned but of grauity & worth that may honor the
place, and not disparage it. Sr Henry Townsend a graue man
and a Judge in Wales and one of the Councell in the Marches
of Wales was yo1' Recorder and yor steward, or deputy steward,
you may bethink yoz selues of a fitt man ; I shall name none
to you, nor take excepc'on to him whose name you menc'on,
because I know him not. 1 am not pleased wth yor elecc'on of
Forrein Burgesses, wthout my app'bac'on, (wherein p'aduenture
you haue forfeited yo1' charter) I expect & doe require you
that they receiue noe benefit t or priuiledge as Burgenses till
they haue my approbac'on according to yo1' charter ; wherein
if tlicre be any opposition I expect to be speedily certified
thereof; and if y charter appoint that they showld not be
sworne before, or wtbout my consent, I expect that be allsoe
p'formed. And soe wth my very hearty co'mcndac'ons to yo1'
selves and the rest of that Corporac'on, I rest
Yo1' very loveing Friend

Samp: Eure.

Lincoln Colledg
Aprill the 13th 1G44.

1 Sir Sampson Eure was of the family of Ralph, the 3d. Lfc Euro,
who was King's lieutenant in the Principality of Wales in 1G08.
Sir Francis June, brother to the above, married Ellin, elder dan.
and coheir of William Maurice, of Cicnenny, the son, by Margaret dau.
and heir of John Laeon, of Porkington, of Sir William Maurice, K1.,

Vol. hi, x

140

THE RECORDS OF THE

I haue sent you my opinion to yor questions inclosed ; and
wish you to p'ceed to the elecc'on of yor Kecorder wthin the
time p'fixed by yor ch're.

[Addressed :] To the wo1'11 my very loveing Friende Francis
Smallman and Siluanus Jones gent Baylieffs of
the Town and Liber Lye of Oswestry in the
County of Salop.

And or will and pleasure is that as often as the said place
or office of Recordershipp shall happen to become void that
then yt shall and may be lawfull to and for the said Bayliffes
and Burgesses and their successors wthin one moneth re . . .
after such tyme or tymes as the said office shall become voyd
and notice thereof by them had to assemble themsel . . .
together in the said Guildhall or any other place convenient wthin
the said Borough or the Lib'ties thereof, and then and there
as often as the said office shalbe void yt shall may be
lawfull to & for the said Bayliffs and burgesses and their suc-
cessors and the greater parte of them, then and there to elect
& choose out one honest and discreete man and learned in the
lawes of our Realme of England to be Recorder of the said
Borough. And we will and graunt That eu'ie p'son and
p'sons soe elected shalbe Recorder of the said towne duringe
his life and shall take his oathe before the Bayliffes of the said
Borough honestlie and truelie to execute his said place./

These above written are the verie woordes coppied from
the Charter of or graunt & warrant to choose or Recorder/
And also we desier yor advise vpon these woordes of or
Charter vnderwritten whether the ould Bayliffs may
sweare the new bayliffes wthout havinge the Steward or
Recorder to ioyne wth them, or not : viz. And we further
will that they after they shalbe soe chosen and no'iated
shall before they or any of them may doe or execute
any thinge by vertue of there Baylitishipps take their
corporal! oath before the ould Bayliffes and the Steward
or Recorder, of the sayd towne or one of them to doe &c.
Also whether yor Deputie Steward may supplie & serve
in place of the Steward to sweare the new bailiffs.
Our Steward, Recorder, & Bayliffs by or charter are
seu'all Justices of the peace wthin or towne & lib'ties

[Addressed:] For the right woo11 Sr Sampson Eure
Knight this p'sent at Linckoln Colledge.

of Clcnenny. The Eures were thus connected with the neighbour-
hood of Oswestry. The Barony of Eure became extinct in 1098.

CORPORATION OF OSWESTRY. 141

1. ThwjEfli by the charter the Recorder must be chosen

w' in onc.'monet]} after the place becomes void, yet he
may be sworne at any conuenient time before he take vpon
hhn tho oxccuc'on of that office, For there is noe time
limit ted for the taking of his oath, as is supposed in y 6
RivlietFs I're.

2. 1 eoneeiue the ould Baylieffs may sweare the new Baylieffs
w^ont the Steward or Recorder joyneing wth them, And
sm<* may the Steward or Recorder alone sweare them,
otherwise these words (or one of them) would signifie
noethim* vV be meerely sup'fluous. For tlicse words
(before the ould Baylieffs and the Steward or Recorder,
of one of them) carry the same sence (as I take it) as if
the words were, (before the ould BayliefTs, Steward, or
Recorder) For the words or one of them, make the whole
clause disiunctiue, & giue a seu'aR awthority in that
j/tieuler to the Baylie'rls, Steward or Recorder. And I
think the Baylieffs alone hauc vsed to doe it, wch is
Somewhat considerable, but whatsoeuer the vsage hath
I»en»\ I take the Lawe to be as I haue here expressed
ills' s< 'IT.

The Deputy Steward hath noe authority to sweare any of
i\w Bay lie lis.

Samp: Eure
Bo. Aprilis, 1G44.

No. XXV.
1G4G.

Copt of Petition against the election of Mr.

Humphrey Edwards as Knight of the Shire.
1 nis is the first election petition presented against
the return of a Knight of the Shire in Shropshire, and
it is probably the record of the first contested election
in the county. The circumstances out of which it
arose are fully explained in the petition itself, and if
the account be true the Sheriff certainly appears to
have been gUi|ty of sharp practice. It was the custom
of the majority in the " Lmg Parliament" to simplify
their proceedings by voting the members of the
opposition; that is to say of the King's party
" malignaitts," and declaring their seats vacant. Sir

142

THE RECORDS OF THE

Richard Lee, Bt., of Lea Hall and Acton Burnel, was
the Shropshire member thus disabled to sit. Thomas
Mytton of Halston was the Parliamentary Sheriff, and
it is curious that he should have taken a part so
hostile to his neighbour, ]Col. Andrew Lloyd of Aston,
who was engaged on the same side as himself.
Humphrey Edwards appears to have retained his seat
during the remainder of the Long Parliament, not-
withstanding the petition, but of him 1 have been
unable to obtain any account.

We whose names are subscribed being all Freeholders of the
county of Salop resident and seised each of us of estates and
Freeholders to the value of Forty shillings per annum and
upwards within the said county, having credible information
that a writ before that day was deliuered to Coll. Thomas
Mytton High Sheriff of that county for election of a Knight
of this Shire to serve for the said Countie in the Hon1,

1 Andrew Lloyd was, according to Blakeway, the first of his
family, seated at Aston. He married a daughter of Thomas Powell,,
of Park. He was a colonel in the Parliament's army, and one of the
Parliamentary committee for the comity. In 1G5G he sat as member
in one of Cromwell's Parliaments. In the immediate neighbourhood
of Oswestry, the families who took the side of the Parliament, were
the Myddlctons of Chirk Castle, the Myttons of Halston, the Lloyds
of Aston, the Powells of Park, the Bakers of Sweeney, and the
Evanses of Trcvelock. On the Royalist side were the Lloyds of
Llanvorda and Llwvnymacn, and the Owens of Porkington. The
son of Col. Andrew Lloyd, by his marriage with the coheir of
the Albanys of Whittington, who had purchased a portion of the
old Fitzalan and Fitzwarine estates in that parish in the reign of
Elizabeth, largely increased his inheritance. In the Parliaments of
1701 and 1705, Robert I loyd, the grandson of Col. Andrew Lloyd,
represented the county of Salop, as did his great grandson in the
Parliaments 1710 and 1721, both in the Jacobite interest. On the death
of the latter, unmarried, in 1731, the estate devolved on the issue of
Col. Andrew Lloyd's grandaughter, who had married Fulk Lloyd, of
Foxhall, co. Denbigh, of which family was the famous antiquary
Humphrey Llwyd, a picture of whom is at Aston, and is engraved in
Yorke's Royal Tribes of Wales. In the descendants of that mar-
riage the estate still remains. The house of Aston was rebuilt about
1800. The chapel in the garden was re-edified in 1744. The present
representative of the family is Richard Lloyd, Esq., U. Col, of the
Shropshire Yeomanry Cavalry.

CORPORATION OF OSWESTRY.

143

House of Commons in the stead of Sir Richard Lee Barronett
removed out of the said House by the judg* thereof and
made incapable to sitt during the present Parliament, did
all very early before eight of the clock in the morninge upon
the seven and twentieth day of August one thousand six
hundred and forty six resort unto Oswestrie the remotest part
of the countie, where the Countie Court upon the day before
mentioned was by former adjournment appointed to be kept
and after our coming we understood that the said high Sherine
was gone out that morning with about live persons in his com-
panie by five of the clock or before out of Oswestrie, but to
what place we could not learn and some of us met the said
Sherine uppon the road that day who told us that he went to
receive letters from London, but he had left his undersheriff
at Oswestrie to dispatch the business touching the Election of
a Knight, and about nine of the clock that day the saide
under-sheriffe called the Countie Court at Oswestrie and sat
till half an hour after nine in the saide morninge and then
caused the said Court to be adjourned to Alberbury in the said
countie, which is on the other side of the Seaverne, and thir-
teen miles distant by land from Oswestrie, whither some of us
came before ten of the clocke and all of us before eleven of
the clocke of the same day and found that the said High
Sheriffe had about nine of the clocke the said morninge,
which was an hour before the appointed time by adjournment,
caused the said Writt to be published, where although the
major part as was concerned, of the Freeholders there present,
who were by accident there not knowinge of the said adjourn-
ment voted Andrew Lloyd of the said countie Esq to be
Knight for the saide countie, yet the said High Sheriffe in a
very indirect maner, refusing to take the pole though often
demanded by the Freeholders there present, returned one
Humphrey Edwards being noe Freeholder to our knowledge
nor resident in the said countie, to be knight for the said
Shire, and we are confident there was present at Oswestrie
nere upon a thousand Freeholders of the said countie consist-
ing of many of the best Knights, Esq1'9, Gent, and Freeholders
of the said Countie to give their voyees for the said Andrew
Lloyd and those which gave their votes at Alberburie for the
said Mr Edwards being but a small number and the greatest
part of them of meane qualitie and many of them verrily
thought not Freeholders

Wm. Wilkes Wilhn. Posterne John Kite sen

John Sankcy sen. Henry Harrington Edw —

John Oakcs John Bright Thomas Burton

144

THE RECORDS OF THE

Thomas Harley
Edw. Wilcocks
Thos Wales
Francis Child
Thos Gibbcs
Rich. Gough
Rich. Franks
Tobias
— Shepard
John Heathe
Rich Bcddowes
John Giles
JohrPBadnagc
Charles Price
Thomas Lowe
Will. Stephens
Joh. Botteficld
Hugh Price
Silvanns Gough
Robert Dyke
Hugh Price
William James
Thos. Mynton
Edw. Mansel
John Riget
Rich. Page
Roger Warter
Ambrose Leghton
Edw. Purslow
Will. Phillips
Robert . . .
Robert . . .
Richard Garbet
Thos. Williams
John Marston
Robert , , .
Thos. Davies
John Davies
Lea James
Fra. Bishop
Frances Dykes
Henry —
JohirWillard
Will- Myuton
Rich. Wright
Frances Barber
John , . .
Myles Acton

Will. Mathews
John Oakley
John Bakhvyn
T. L. Stedman
George . . .
John Rogers
Hen. . . Knight
Thos. Richards
Rich-ap Robert
William Eugly
Thos. Smith
Thos. Adams
John Peres
Will. Jocdayne
Jo. Powell
Edw. Myuton
John Keti . . .
William . . .
John . . .
Rich. Hall
John ....
Rich. Downes
Rich. Bradley
Edw. Botibrcll
cum multis aliis
John Bromley
R. V.

Johu Jones
Richard Evans
Humphrey Clearke
Thos. Phillippse
Phillip Pigg
Peter Modliott
John Welcocks
Fraunccs Wegley

John

Rich. Mynton
Stephen ..."
William Hill
Will, Tomlines
Thos. Maylord
Samuel Weaver
Hugh Higgins
Edw. Bradley
Johu Stoake
Fran. Newton
Thos. . . .
Thos. Davies

Will. Ball
Will. Doricko
John Plimley
John Hammonds
Roe Corn
Nicol Nosmecott

Carter
Fra Moyle
Jo. Bill
Fra. B. . . .
Edw. Pope
Rich. Myuton
Morris Pugh
Joseph Wall
Arthur Hatchet
Will. Gruncbauke
Will Brayne
Hugh Masson
Francis Plimley
Thos. Harriss
Timothy Plammonds
Roger Roe
Simon Crowther
Will. Bate
Thos. Bannister
Thos. Lanstley
Robt, End
John > , .
John Scott
Edmund Thomas
Thomas Clinton
George Maston
Robert Jennings
Roger Deakin
Henry Higley
Will. Lcgsell
Thos. Bright
John Bushopp
Philip Williams
Rich. Felton
Jo. Fewtrell

John Ambler
Jonathan Fowley

Edw. Masons
William Yopo
Joseph Sadler

COLORATION OF OSWESTRY.

145

Will. Bott
Tho. Doos
John Mynton
John JciTeries
Rich. Thomas
Caleb Price
Sam1. Riggers
Rich. Harries
John Vaughan
John Mackworth
Edw. Brampton
John Hufa
John Phillips
Richard Hunte
Robert Hilton
Thos. Barton

Abraham Ambler
Thos. Brees
Ruhns Rilbey
Edw. Palmer
Morris Hayward
Tho Harris
Rich. Steventou
Edw Georges
John Thomas
Edw. Wollaston
Phillip Bowen
Robert Deakin
Thos. Mader
Alex. Vowele
Joseph Prowd
John May son
Andrew . . .

Edw. Phillips
Geo. Mindelovc
Robert Charlton
John Howell
Thos. Given

Edw. Cosper
Timothy Spencer
Roger Grillis
Thos. Stilleyodd
Joshua Quiiiton
Thos. Podmore
Edw. Brown

Lewis Davies
Rich.' Minton
John Gilles
Henry Edwards
Rich. Barber
Rich. Mason
John Sankey
Thos Bondwyn
Jos ....
Thos Dyckin
Will. Ainsloe

Thos Howell
George Bright
Rich. Gittens
Rowland Acton
Rich. Moimford
Edw. Braly
Tho. Lawrence
Thos. Davies
John Geficries
Robfc. Watkins
Tho

Walt. Holland
John Baldwin
Rich. Furbcr
Stephen Evans
Thos. Morris
Roger Normieot
Robt. Lawn
Thos. Baker
. . Whitinam
Tho. Frustham
Will Whetus
Robert Powell
Leigh ton Owen
Fran. Harris
Thos. Dray
Tho. Edwards
Tho. Clearke

Rich. Wilkes
William Fowler
J. Swannicke
Tho. Lee
Lewis Ward
Ro. C . . . .
Robert Oakley

William Adams
George Hayward
Thos. More
Tho. Kettelby
Will. Morris
Hen Tomson
John ....
Ch Powell
Andrew Baker
Sa, Nicelles
Tho ....
John Hotches
John Smith
Humphrey Briggs
Edw. Childe
Creswell Taylor
John Powell
Jeremiah Powell
Tho Hile
Tho. Whitby
Tho. Rogers

Rich . . .
John L . . .
Daniel Hughes
Rich. Myddleton
Thos Corn
Tho. ap Richards
William Bright
Oliver Whillier
Thos. Dayliff.
J ohn Sherat
Sam. More
Edw , . .
John Brown
Jo. Sides
Tho Ward
Nathaniel Barber
Tho Bravne
Thos, Talbot
John Corbctt
Andrew Chambre
Thos ....
Rich. Humphreys
Jo. Thomas
John Vickins
William Draper
John Browne

146

THE RECORDS OF THE

Edw Lloyd

J. Hanmcr
Rich. Ba . . .

Thos Boudler
Will. Smith
Edw. Valis
Robert Hill

John Bright
Thos Collins

John Owen
Henry Hogleor
Humphrey Bright

Symon Humfry
John Morris

Robert Charlton
Francis Foristcr

George Bishop

John

No. XXVI.

1646.

Three letters from 1 Thomas Mytton, of Halston, to
the Corporation of Oswestry, requesting the election
of John George, Tho. Smallman, and William Jones, as
Burgesses.

1 It is well that there should be some note in the Corporation
Records in the handwriting of so remarkable a man as Thomas
Mytton of Halston. He took the side of the Parliament during
the Civil Wars, and was by far the ablest of the military com-
manders of either party who belonged to this county. He was
present at the taking of Worn, of Oswestry, and of Shrewsbury;
he was Governor of Oswestry, Sheriff of Shropshire in 1645,
and Major-General in North Wales, which he entirely reduced
to subjection to the Parliament. In 1651 he was Member for
Shropshire, and he died in London in 165G, but was buried in
St. Chad's Church, Shrewsbury. Pennant says of him that
he did not approve of the lengths to which Cromwell went,
and perhaps that was the reason that towards the close of his
career he did not take so prominent a position in public affairs
as at the beginning. The Myttons, originally a considerable
Shrewsbury family, purchased Halston from Alan Horde, in the
reign of Elizabeth. Halston was once a Religious House
belonging to the military-religious order of St. John of Jerusalem.
The order was suppressed at the Reformation, but Halston
remained till lately extra- parochial. A small chapel of the black
and white timbered stylo is in the grounds, and near it an
older house is said to have once stood. A house on the
present site was built in 1G90. The Myttons remained at
Halston till the year 1817, when the estate was sold to
Mr. Wright by Mr. John Fox Mytton. Of this family was Mr.
William Mytton, the antiquary, and Mr. John Mytton, the
spendthrift, who died in the Queen's Rench in 1834, and whose
son sold the estate.

CORPORATION OF OSWESTRY.

147

No. XXVII.
1657. Letter of Oliver Cromwell.

This letter is an example of the practice universally
adopted throughout the country dining the Pro-
tectorate. The adherents of the Monarchy were
ejected from all places of trust on the charge of
" delinquency," and the adherents of the other side
were substituted.

To our Trusty & well-beloved the Bailiffs and Free-Burgesses
of our Towne of Oswestrie. — -These

Oliver P.

Trusty and Well-beloved,

We being informed that the free schole of our Towne
of Oswestrie is now voyd of a head schoolmaster settled there,
by reason of the delinquincy and ejection of Edward Paine
late schoole master thereof, I have thought fit to recommend
unto you Mr. John Evans the son of Matthew Evans late of
Penegoes in the county of Montgomery as a fitt person both

1 Oliver Cromwell was the son of Robert Cromwell, a country
gentleman of good family at Hinchinbrook, by his marriage with a
daughter of Mr. Stuart. Lie was born in the parish of St. John's,
Huntingdon, on the 25th of April, 1590, was educated at Sydney-
Sussex College, Cambridge, and entered at Lincoln's Inn. Before he
was 21 years of age he married Elizabeth, daughter of Sir James
Boi"*chier, of Essex. Being in reduced circumstances he took a farm
at St. Ives, where he failed to restore his affairs, and was only pre-
vented from emigrating to New England by the King's proclamation
prohibiting emigration. He was elected Member for Huntingdon in
1627, and in 1G40 was elected to the " Long Parliament" as Member
for the borough of Cambridge. He then became connected with
Hampden, Pym, and others of the Puritan party, to whom he com-
mended himself by the resoluteness of his character. As the most
capable of the Parliamentary officers during the Civil Wars, he rose
first to the highest rank in the Army, and then through the
Army to the highest rank in the State. After the King's execution
in 1G48 he became supreme, and governed England under a
military system through Major-Generals of his own appointment.
He died at Hampton Court in 1G5S, and was buried with great pomp
in Henry VII. 's Chapel in Westminster Abbey. The following
inscription on a copper plate finely gilt was placed in his coffin : —

" Oliverus Protector Reipublicas Anglias Scotia) et Hibcrnia) natus
" 25 Aprilis 1599, inauguratus 15 Deccmbris 1G53 Mortuus 8
" Septcmbris aim. 1G58, hie situs est,"

148

OSWESTRY CORPORATION RECORDS.

for piety and learning to be head schoole-master of the said
schoolo and that so far as in you lyes the sd Mr. Evans may
be forthwith settled and invested there accordingly which act
of yours Wee shall be ready to confirm if it be adjudged
requisite and proper for us, and not doubting the performance
of this our pleasure Wee comitt you to God and rest. — Given
at Whitehall the thirteenth day of July, 1657.

Endorsed

This letter was received yc Oth of Sep. 1657.

To be continued.

East Window -■- Bemngton Church

Sculptures

an Font

Bernmjton Chun

149

BERRINGTON CHURCH AND REGISTERS.

By Rev. W. A. LEIGHTON, B.A., Camb., F.L.S., &c.

The following general summary of the early history
of the place has been obtained from Ey ton's Antiqs.
Shropsh. 6, 33.

The name seems derived as the town of some Saxon
Byrine, and was anciently written as Berintone or
Biritone, or Beritune, or Beriton, or Byrinton. At the
time of Domesday Rainald the Sheriff held this and
other Manors under Earl Roger de Montgomery, and
Azo held it of him. In Saxon times Thoret or Toret
held half a hide under the Church of St. Andrew of
Wroxeter, and also two other geldable hides. The
Monastery of St. Peter in Shrewsbury " holds the
Church and Priest of this Vill." What Azo held of
Rainald was held subsequently (1165 — 1240) by the
elder House of Le Strange under Fitz Alan. About
1240 Hugh le Strange, the last possessor of that
family, died, and his inheritance was divided between
his four daughters and coheiresses, who probably
became the wives of Richard de Drayton, Hugh fitz
Philip, Philip de Hungefort, and William Fitz Alan.

Sir John de la Lee, eldest son and heir of Sir
Thomas de la Lee (Lee near Pimhill, afterwards
of Langley in Acton Burnell parish), married
Petronilla (ob. 1276), the sister of William Fitz
Alan, who had died without issue, and appears to
have acquired either by purchase or lapse the entire
Manor, as by a deed dated 1292 he deals with it as if
he were sole Lord. With the Lees it remained till
the middle of the 18 th century. The Manor and

Vol. nr. u

150

BEBR1NGTON CHURCH AND REGISTERS.

the patronage of the Church are now the property
of Lord Berwick of Attingham.

On the south side of the churchyard is a large
old black and white timber mansion, once the Manor
house.

Berrington Church was probably a Saxon foundation,
and before Domesday belonged to Shrewsbury Abbey,
and is a Rectory, and continued with that Abbey until
its dissolution.

The Church having been recently " restored " it may
not be uninteresting or valueless to place on record its
condition in 1827.

The Church is dedicated to All Saints, and consists
of a tower at the west end containing six bells, nave,
south porch, south aisle, and chancel. The whole
structure, with the exception of the tower, has been
so much mutilated by repeated alterations that it is
almost impossible to form any decisive opinion of the
date of its original erection, although there does not
appear to be any part earlier than the thirteenth
century. The elegant east window of the chancel
and the beautiful external arch of the south porch
appear earlier than the remainder of the edifice.

The tower, of the architecture of the fifteenth
century, is square and well-proportioned, of two stories
or chambers, supported at the angles by bold shelving
diagonal buttresses, and crowned with a battlement
and eight crocketed pinnacles. On the south side
is a small but richly canopied niche, fitted to
receive a small statue, and below is a small niche
with plain trefoiled head. The tower at the west is
nearly open to the nave, divided from it by a lofty and
elegant pointed arch reaching to the ceiling, springing
from clustered imposts of small horizontal mouldings,
and is lighted from the west by a large pointed window
formed by perpendicular mullions into three lights with
trefoiled heads ; the upper part subdivided into smaller
lights also trefoiled. The corbel which supports the
dripstone of this window is sculptured to represent an

Oak Effigy in Berrington Church -•• Salop

BEteNGTON GHWECH AND REGISTERS, 151

angel holding a shield, on which are three pallets sur-
mounted of bariy of seven.

The nave is entered from the south porch by a small
door with a flat top, the sides of the top supported by
a quarter circle from each side, and is divided from the
south aisle by three obtusely-pointed arches springing
from corbels attached to plain square piers. In the
wall of the south aisle is a plain pointed recess, which
perhaps once contained the monumental effigies now
lying in the chancel. At the east end of this aisle
there has been a small chantry chapel ; the piscina
under a small trefoiled niche still remains, and the wall
on the north side is pierced with a round arched
opening (now built up,) to afford a view of the officiating
priest to the congregation in the nave. The chancel
is slightly elevated above the nave, but is not divided
or distinguished from it in any other manner. In the
east window are figures in modern stained glass of St.
John the Evangelist, St. James and St. Peter, and
above are the arms of the see of Lichfield and
Coventry, impaling those of Cornwallis. In the east
wall is a square locker. The ceiling of the whole
edifice is coved and formed into irregular oblong panels
by narrow ribs of wood with carved bosses at the
intersections. The font is placed at the west end of
the nave opposite the south door, is of stone, large and
circular, increasing in diameter from the base, the
upper part sculptured with rude masks, and is probably
the only remnant of the original Saxon edifice.

The rude figures on the font are no doubt symbolical.
Perhaps they may be interpreted thus : — The lighted
candle may represent the light of truth guarded by
two Apostles or Evangelists, and the beast may
represent the demon of evil who is hunting souls,
which the cock proclaiming the day-dawn of truth is
warning to flee to the light.

In the chancel is a cumbent effiines in wood of a man
habited in plate armour, over which is a surcoat
gathered at the waist by a belt, and flowing open

152

BJEEMNGTON CHURCH AND REGISTERS.

about the knees, legs crossed, spurs, and feet resting
on a lion couchant, on bis left side a sword suspended
from a plain belt, the hands joined and raised in
prayer, and the head resting on a double cushion.
There is neither inscription nor arms on this tomb
to inform us of the deceased.

This wooden sepulchral effigies is of the first half of
the fifteenth century, and may represent one of the
old Lords of Berrington, the Lees, but there is neither
inscription nor arms to lead us to correct appropriation.
It is interesting as having the plate armour sur-
mounted by a jupon or surcoat which was at that
period generally disused. No doubt he lies (now) in
the original recess in the south wall of the south
aisle, which probably was his mortuary chapel or
chantry, with its altar at the east end and the piscina
(still existing) in the south wall. He may have been
the refounder of the Church, or, at all events, of
the south aisle.

I enquired of the Parish Clerk, an elderly man, if he
had ever heard whom the effigies represented. He
replied, " No, but that the people of the neighbourhood
always called him i Oulcl Scriven,1 of Brompton, and
the story was that in former times Scriven was
going from Brompton to visit his lady-love at Eaton
Mascot, and when he came to a stile at the bottom
of the 1 Banky Piece ' under Eaton Mascot lie
encountered a great hon, 'the terror of the neigh-
bourhood/ that * Ould Scriven ; had brought his
great sword and had a combat with the lion, and ' a
terrible tussle it must have been.' However, ' Ould
Scriven ' slew the lion and cut him in twain, and
you may observe a lion, so cut in twain, lying
under the feet of the ' image.' But the lion with
his fore- paw gave ' Ould Scriven ' a terrible scratch
on the face, and tore away all his right cheek, and
you will also see this on the effigy." There was a
family of Scriven of Frodesley, but I never heard that
they had any connection with Berrington. On the

BERRINGTON CHURCH AND REGISTERS. 153

outside of the east end of this south aisle is a
headstone to a Scriven of Brompton, 1726, and the
country people may have connected the two, and
so given rise to the legend.

Against the east wall of the chancel on the north
side is a monument in the Grecian taste of the
sixteenth century. Under a round arch, springing
from corbels, and surmounted by a plain pediment
supported by an Ionic pillar on either side, is a female
figure in loose flowing robes, with a long veil thrown
back, kneeling on a tasseled cushion before a desk
whereon is an open book, her right hand placed on her
breast, and her left on the book. Underneath is this
inscription : — -

To ye Memory of his most deare wife Mrs. Adah Greaves,
whose piety, zeale, modesty, and abundant grace assureth us of
hir glory in heaven and maketh hir worthy of honorable
remembrance upon earth Sam : Greaves rector of this Church
causeth this Monument, a just reward of hir virtue, to be
erected.

She departed this life June 13 Anno Do'i 1638 iEtatis sue 42
and left two Sonnes, Thomas and Nathaniel.

The Memory of y° J List shall be blessed.

Marble monument against the south wall of the

Chancel.

Near
this Monument
lies interred the Body of
EDWARD OWEN
of Eaton Mascot t in this Parish Esqr.
who died the 10th day of Novr. 1722.
Also of K ATI I ERIN E his Wife
Daughter of Richard Paget of Westminster Esqr.
who died the first day of June 1720.
In Memory of whom this is Erected by
their dutiful and mournful daughters MARY
who was first married to EDWARD OWEN of

Condover in this County Esqr. afterwards to
WILLIAM ERANCKE of Preston in Lancashire
Esqr. SUSANNA who married MR. THOMAS
FRANCE E of Preston aforesaid and KATHERINE
OWEN Coheirs of the said EDWARD and
KATHERINE.

154 BERRIXGTON CHURCH AND REGISTERS,

Arms — Quarterly of Six. — First and sixth, or, a lion rampant gun
Owen. Second, eirg., 3 boars' heads conped 2 and 1, vert. Third,
arg.f a chevron, az,, between 3 boars' heads coupcd 2 and 1, az.
Fourth, az., 3 horses' heads erased 2 and 1, eirg. Fifth, or, a bar,
az.f with 3 fleurs de lis, or, between 3 birds, 2 and 1, or, impaling;,
az., a cross engrailed, arg. , between 4 escallop shells, arg. Crest,
on a wreath, a demi-dragon, gu., wings or.

Mural monument south side of Altar.

Near this place lyeth the Body
of WILLIAM FRANCKE Esqr.

who married Mary the eldest
Daughter and one of the Coheirs
of Edward Owen of Eaton Mascott

in this parish Esqr.
He died yc 26 day of Marh. 173G
aged 42 years.
This Monument was erected
by his mournful and equally loving
and beloved Widow
MARY FRANCKE
1737.

ARMS.

Az.y a saltier engrailed, or, Franelce, on an escutcheon of pretence,
or, a lion rampant, gu.f Oiven.

Stone slabs in the floor of Chancel.

Here lyeth Jane Owen daughter to Pontisbury Owen, Esqr. by
Margaret his wife, buried Feb. 3, 1G4S.

Here lyeth the Body of the daughter of Thomas Owen Gent, by
Mary his wife buried March 29, 1G55.

Here lyeth the Body of George Owen sonne of Pontisbury Owen
Esqr. by Margaret his wife buried May 12, 1G5G

Here lyeth the Body of Katherine the wife of Thomas Owen Esqr.
of Eaton Mascott who departed this life June the 1st. Anno
Dom'i 1720 Aged

Here lyeth the body of Edward Owen Esq1", of Eaton Mascott who
departed this life November the 19 : Anno Dom'i 1722 aged 54.

Here lieth the Bodv of Mr. Thomas Bayton who departed this life
the 30 of March 1725 aged GO years-

Also Mary his wife who departed this life the 30 of October 1732.

And also here lies the body of Mary the daughter of Thomas and
Mary Bayton she departed this life the 19 of Oct. 1741, aged 23
years.

Here lyeth the Body of Robert Owen Esqr. who departed this life
the 20th day of July Anno /Etatis 74 Salutis 1725.

Here lieth the Body of William Francke Esqr. who died March 2G,
173G aged 42.

BERRINGTON CHURCH AND REGISTERS. 155

Here lieth the Bodie of Mrs Katharine Greaves wife of Samuel
Greaves Rector of Berrmgton.

Many of these old monuments are displaced and
cut to form a floor to the tower, now used as a
vestry. It is to be regretted that architects before
they commence their restoration do not make them-
selves acquainted with the early history of the
parish and of its ancient landholders, and instead
of displacing, mutilating, or destroying every thing
that bears any historical connection, take all pains
to preserve them.

Since 1827 the following monuments have been
erected : —

Marble Tablet on north wall of Nave.

John Hughes, Wine Merchant, of Shrewsbury, buried
Bee. 10, 179G.

Mary, his wife, Oct. 10, 1819.

Their son Philip Hughes, Wine Merchant, died April, 1840,
aged 58.

Children of Philip and Ann Hughes.
John, died May, 1831, aged 20.
Emma, died Dee. 11, 1832, aged 29.
Elizabeth, died June 29, 1838, aged 1G.
Philip, died Sep. 23, 1835, aged 21.
William, died Novr., 1840, aged 20.
Richard, Lieut. R. N., died March, 1S52, aged 28.
Charles James, died August, 1SG4, aged 39.
Anne, died April, 1872, aged 62.
Mary, died May, 1873, aged G2.

On south wall of Chancel.

Joseph Meire, of Berrmgton, Esq., died May 13, 1843,
aged 84.

Annie, his relict, eldest daughter of Thos. Evans, Esq., of
Belswardinc, died Nov. 3, 1834 "aged 80.

Richard Noel Hill, Lord Berwick, rector, died 28 Sept.,
1848, aged 74.
Frances Maria, his wife, died Jany. 4, 1840, aged 87.

On north wall of Chancel.

Frederick Williams, Esq., of Eaton Mascott, died Nov. 5,
1844, aged 34.

Richard Williams, Esq., died 22 Sept., 1831, aged G4.

156 BERRINGTON CHURCH AND REGISTERS.

Rebekah Gillam Williams, wife of Richard Williams, Esq.,
daughter and sole heiress of John Hosier, esqr., of Great
George Street, Westminster, died 17 Oct., 1827, aged 50.

Edward Williams, Esq., died 9 Jan., 1S24, aged 93.

Arthur Charles Williams, late Major, 9th Lancers, died
12 March, 1858, aged 50.

Edward Hosier Williams, Esq., 1844, aged 43.

On a brass under a small window of stained glass,
representing the Nativity and Ascension : —

Thomas Wells, Esq., of Eaton Mascott and Moxley, Staf-
fordshire, died April 23, 1S7G.

BENEFACTIONS.

John Smith of Witliington gave 20s. to the Church
Wardens to be paid half-y early out of three pieces of
land in Witliington, viz., one piece called Leaberries
containing 5a., another called the Green Bank con-
taining 4a., and one other piece called Loppett or
Loppett Yate containing 2a. The said 20s. to the use
of ten of the poorest housekeepers inhabiting within
the said parish of Berrington. 11 Dec. 5. C. 1,
1631.

Richard Wellings of Brompton in his life-time gave
to the parish of Berrington 20/., the interest to be
yearly distributed by the Church Wardens and Over-
seers to the poor of the said parish for ever. 1723.

Mrs. Margaret Tompson by will left 6l , the interest
to buy Bibles yearly to be given to poor children
at the discretion of the Church Wardens and
Overseers.

In Capitals on a slab over the Priest's door, outside,

South side of Chancel.

Here below is buryed the
Body of Thomas Farmer so
line of Andrcwc and Frances
Farmer of Brompton in this Par
ish who deceased the 8th day of
February Anno Domini 1G4S in the
39 ycare of his age
He being a Bachelor.

BERRINGTON CHURCH AND REGISTERS. 157

In the church-yard are many old gravestones the
ages on which show the longevity of the inhabitants.

Richard Scriven of Brompton 1742 aged 42.
Samuel Meire 1783 aged 60.
Samuel Meire 1807. 74.

William s. of Samuel and Mary Meire 1808. 38.
John s. of do. 1848. 82.
Anne relict of John 1854. 80

Samuel s. of Samuel and Ann Meire of Hardwick 1795. 3.
Samuel Meire of Hardwick 17 97k 37.

Ann eldest d. of John and Ann Meire of Berrington 1849. 47.
Mary 3d d. of do. 1821. 17.

Samuel Meire Esq. of Castle Hill in this coy. eld. s. of John
and Ann Meire of Berrington 1869. 69.

Mr. John Baker of Uppington 1781. 64.

Mrs. Margaret relict of do. 1786. 69.

Mr. Wm Lockley 1796. 69.

Mr. Thos. Lockley Meire of Berrington 1828. 66.

Mr. John Lockley of Rushton 1792. 69.

Sarah 2d d. of John and Ann Meire of Berrington born 1802
died 1855.

Richard 5h s. of do. 1857. 47.

Mr. Richard Rider of Cantlop 1730. 44.

Mr. Thomas Rider his son 1761. 54.

Mrs. Abigail Rider wife of above Richard 1761. 88.

Mary wife of above Tho3. Rider 1796. 82.

Mary their d. 1783. 48.

Richard their s. 1797. 68.

James Rider of Cantlop 1794. 46.

Elizabeth his relict 1840.

James Rider of Aston s. of James and Eliztb. Rider of Cant-
lop 1834. 58.
Jane Atcherley 1S75. 61.

Joseph Menlovc Dixon of Abbots Betton 1873. 79.
Elizabeth w, of Thos. Poole of Berrington 1869. 73,
Tho8. Poole 1876, 82,
Richard Baker 1792. 68-

Elizth. d, of John and Elizth. Elsmere 181G. 67.

John s, of do. 1868, 72.

John Elsmere 1830, 77,

EhVMiis wd. 1S43, 88,

Marg*. w. of Thos. Elsmere 1856. 40.

Thos9. Elsmere 1868. 68.

James Evans 1780. 70.

Richard Evans 1823. 69.

Eleanor his w. 1807. 50.

RichJ. Calcott of Betton 1786. 48.

Mary his w. 1801. 63.

Vol. hi. V

158 BER1UXGT0N CHURCH AND REGISTERS.

Martha w. of Rich'1. Calcott 1737. 79.

Rich4. Calcott 17G7. 85.

Tho8. Calcott 1776. 76.

Sarah his w. 1763. 63.

Mary w. of Joseph Calcott 1860. 88.

Mr. John Waring of Cantlop 1774. 51.

Elizth. his w. 1785. 66.

John their s. 1778. 30.

Mr. John Waring 1731. 31.

John Kilvert of Bronrpton 1786. 79.

Wm. Bromley 1809. 89;

Margaret Bromley 1S02. 70.

Richard Bromley 1781. 28.

Joseph Bromley 1814. 55.

Francis Bromley 1835: 62.

Mary Weeks 1791. 67.

Martha w. of Edwd. Snaxton of Brornpton 1762. 65.

Edwd. S. 1764. 71.

Andrew Dawes of Brornpton 1833. 79.

Richard Dawes 1831. 74.

Mary Dawes 1834. 73.

Alice Dawes 1803. 81.

Tho8. Scriven 1751. 51.

Eliz. his w. 1752. 72.

Mary Calcot 1839. 78.

Richd. her s. 1879. 81.

John Hoggins of Eaton Mascott 1792. 64.

John Hoggins of Berwick 1858. 62.

Edwd. Hoggins of Smethcote 1868. 75.

Edward Hoggins 1821. 62.

Ann his w. 1822. 58.

Matt. Edwards 1759. 82.

Hannah Jackson 1852. 74.

John Jackson. 1852. 74.

Richard Jones of Brornpton 1834. 71.

Mary his w. 1855. 93.

Richd. Brazenor 1868. 70.

The Parish Registers commence 1559.

1559 "Dec. 30 Jane Scotte bap.

1560 Eienor Sturcheley bapt. 21 May,
Margaret Churche bap. 8 May.
Eienor Farmer bin*. ] 8 Aug.
Margery Brooke bapt. Aug.
John Blakcwaie bap. 19 Feb.
Margaret Prowdc bur. 22 July.
Isabel Brooke bur. 14 July.

BER11IXGT0N CHURCH AND REGISTERS.

159

Margaret Brooke bap. 7 Aug.
Elien Brooke bap 3 Feb.

John Leech and Elizabeth Biakeway mar. 21 July.
Richard Chirme bap. 11 July.

1561 Anne Scotte bap. 13 July.
Katherine Scotte bap. 15 Nov.
John Blake way bur. 12 July.
Hugh Biakeway bur. 12 May.
William Calcott bap. 12 May.
Jane Coibett bap. 27 July.
Hugh Biakeway bur. 6 May.

Humphrey Burncll and Elinor Biakeway mar. 1G July.

Adam Chyrme bap. 11 Nov.

Richard Chirme bur. 22 July.

Adam Chirme bur. 8 Sept.

Win Farmer bap. 22 June

Jane Farmer bap. 7 June

Anne Churche bap. 3 Feb.

George Chirme bap. 4 Oct.

1562 Alice Bristowe bap. 4 July.
Roger Kempe bap. July 15.

Richard Woolley and Maude Brooke mar. 18 May.
Roger Tanner bap. 21 Mar.
Elizabeth Churche bur. 12 Jan.
Roger Farmer bur. 18 July.

1563 Katharine Farmer bap. 15 Nov.
Anne Farmer bap. 2 March.
Elnor Latewarde bap. 10 Feb.
John Churche bap. 25 May.
Tho8. Churche bur. 22 May
Eleanor Shearer bur. 24 May.
Wm. Brooke bur, 18 Oct.

Register deficient till 1567.

1567 Anna d. of Roger Farmer bap 18 July.
Elizabeth d. of Roger Farmer bur. 3 Nov,
John, s. of John Biakeway bap. 4 Nov.

John Haywood and Jane Churche mar. 28 Jan.

Thomas s. of Roger Churche bap. 2 Feb.

Richard and Thomas sons of Tho3. Farmer bap. 29 Feb.

1568 Alice d. of Laurence Scott bap. 2 Dec.
Anne Yorke d. of Stephen bap. Sep. 2

1569 John Shearer bap. 29 Dec.

Tho8. s. of Roger Farmer bap. 7 Jan.
Rich'1, s. of Tho3. Manning bap. 10 April.
Thomas s. of Richd, Sturcheley bap. 23 Oct.
William s. of Fulk Lateward bap. 9 Dec.
Johanna Lateward bur. 10 Dec.

1G0 BERRTNGTON CHURCH AND REGISTERS,

William s. of Richard Farmer bap. 24 Jan.
Rich*. Mall and Elizth. Norton mar. 15 Oct.

1570 Abraham Shearer bap. 11 April

Isabel Yorko d. of Stephen bap. Mar. 21

Elizabeth Blakeway bap. 30 July.

Margaret Blakeway d. of Richard B. bap. 17 Aug.

Roger Brooke s. of Nicholas Brooke bap. 5 Oct.

John Farmer bur. 10 Feb.

Win. Thrust and Elm Blakeway mar. 18 Feb.

George s. of Tho3. Farmer bap. 23 Feb.

1571 Thomas s. of Roger Farmer bur. 25 May.

John and Nicholas sons of Roger Church bap. 15 Dec.

John s, of Roger Church bur. 18 Dec.

Johanna wife of Roger Churche bur. 26 Dec.

Alice d. of John Shearer bap. 30 Jan.

Jane wife of John Farmer bur. 14 Feb.

Dorothy dan. of Laurence Scott bap. 5 Mar.

John s. of Richard Farmer bap. 16 Mar.

Alice d. of Rich*. Farmer bap. 16 Mar.

1572 Edmund s, of Roger Farmer bap. 20 April.

Wm. Prowd clerk rector of Berington bur. 30 May,
Edmund Farmer bur. 1 June
William s. of Thos. Farmer bap. 30 Aug.
Richard s. of Richard Blakeway bap. 12 Sept.

1573 Andrew s. of Roger Farmer bap. 7 April.
Wm. s. of Tho8. Farmer bap 23 Aug.
Thomas Yorko s. of Stephen bap. Mar. 25

1574 Sara d. of Laurence Scott bap 23 April.
Richard Thill i pes and Helen Farmer mar. 7 Nov.
Richard Lye bur. May 8.

1575 Elizabeth d. of Richard Farmer bap. 2 April
Roger s. of Roger Blakeway bap 13 April.
Richard s. of Tho8. Blakeway bap. 14 Aug.
Maria d. of Roger Farmer bap. 11 Sept.
Mary Forster bap. April 21.

1576 Elizabeth d. of Laurence Scott bap. 8 April.
John Briscowe and Johanna Farmer mar. 29 Jan.
Richd. Yorke s. of Stephen bap. Mar. 25.
Eleanor Forster bap. Feb. 23

1577 Roger Blakeway bur. 17 May.
Thomas Brooke bur. 10 June.
Elizabeth Brooke bap. 18 Aug.
Jocosa Farmer bap. 27 Oct .
John Blakeway bur. 21 Feb.
Tho8. Forster bap. Feb. 8.

1578 Elenor Maekeworth bap. i ^ov.

Hugh Piiillipes and Margery Blakeway mar. 30 Sept.
John Taylor and Margaret Chyrmo mar. 24 Feb.

1579 Maria d. of Wm. Churche bap.' 11 May.

PiTCBHINGTON CHURCH AND REGISTERS.

1G1

Margery Blakeway bur. 4 Sept.
Wm. Smyth and Jane Brooke mar. 2S Sept.
George s. of Richard Farmer bap. IS Oct.
Tho8. s. of John Brooke bap. 25 Oct.
Eliztb. Forster bap. Apr. 9.

1580 Tho3. Calcott and Anne Church mar. 3 May.
Johanna Church bur. 6 May.

Maria d. of Tho8. Blakeway bap. 8 May.
Maria d, of Christopher Lacon bap. 19 Aug.

1581 Cecilia Calcott bap. 4 May.
Eleanor Blakeway bur. 24 May.

Wm. Calcott and Elenor Farmer mar. 13 Sept.

Richard Corbett bur. 13 Jan.

Katharine d. of John Briscowe bap. 14 Feb.

1582 Nicholas s. of Richard Brooke bap. 18 Nov.
Hugh Kenricke and Jane Corbett mar, 25 Nov.
Elizabeth d, of Wm. Calcott bap. 18 Feb.

1583 William Blakeway and Elizabeth Farmer mar. 25 June.
Roger Farmer bur. 1 July.

Nicholas Brooke bur. 9 Aug.

Rich*, s. of Tho8. Calcott bap. 1 Nov.

Francis s. of Richard Farmer of Cantlop bap. 17 Nov.

John Farmer and Margaret Norton mar. 28 Jan.

1584 Maria d. of Wm. Blakeway bap. 2 Oct.
Jane d. of John Farmer bap. 11 Oct.
Maria d. of Wm. Blakeway bur. 3 Nov.
Humphy. Burnell bur, Oct, 30.

1585 Roger Blakeway bap. 9 June.
Elizabeth Farmer bur. 21 June.
George Farmer bur. 24 July.
Elizabeth Blakeway bap. 19 Dec.

158G Stephen Brooke alias Cocke bap. 29 May.

1587 Elen Calcott bur 8 April.

Ann wife of Thos. Blakeway bur. 29 May.
Anne wife of Richard Farmer bur. 2 June.
Margaret d. of Richard Blakeway bur. 21 Nov,
Elizth. Cocke alias Broke bur. 24 Nov.
William Calcott and Anne Farmer mar. 29 Jan.
Francis Burnell bap, Ap. 3 burd. Apr, G.
Rob1, s, of Rich, Forster rector bap. Apr. 8,
Stephen Yorke burd. Oct. 14.

1588 Avicia Churchc widow bur. G Oct.
Roger Farmer bur. 3 Dec.

John s. of John Burnell of Bctton bap. Mar. 25.
Roger Warde gen. and Margery Ireland mar. Apr. 30.

1589 Michael Massey clerk inducted 8 Aug. 1589

John Luter of Condover p'sh. and Alice Burlton of this mar.
Oct. 30.

162 BERRINGTON CHURCH AND REGISTERS.

1591 Mary dau. of Wm. Blake way bap. 25 Mar.

Wm. Gyttins of the parish of Aston Bottrells and Anne

Brooke of this parish mar. 7 Nov.
Michael Massy rector of Bering-ton and Margery d. of John
Onslowe of the p'sh of Hanwood mar. at St. Chad's by

licence 22 Jan.

1592 Richard s. of Wm. Church bap. 6 Aug.

1593 Thomas s. of John Blakeway bap. 29 July.
Katherinc Corbett widow bar, 3 Sept.
Abraham s. of William Blakeway bap. 10 Nov.
Johanna Farmer widow bur. 13 Dec.

1594 Margaret d, of Wm. Church bap, 17. Nov.
Roger Farmer and Jocosa Farmer mar. 13 Feb.
Humphy. s. of Mich1. Massy rector n. Aug. 19.
Fras. s, of Wm. Yorke bap. Jan 3.

1595 Rich* s. of Wm. Calcott bap IS May
159G Anne d. of John Blakeway bap. 9 May.

Roger s. of Thos. Brooke bap. 11 July.
Humphrey s. of Wm. Blakeway bapt. 28 July
Elizabeth d. of Roger Farmer bap. 24 Oct.
Richard s. of Thomas Farmer of Cantlopp bap. 5 Dec.
Richard Farmer of Eaton bur 14 Dec.
Humphrey s. of Wm. Blakeway bur. 13 Mar.
Edwd. Maun sell als Forten of Pontesbury and Ursula Onslowe
of St. Chads mar. Dec. 21.

1597 Richard s. of Wm. Calcott bur. 15 April.
Andrew s. of Wm. Churche bap 29 May
Thomas Farmer of Eaton bur 22 June
Elizabeth d. of Thomas Blakeway bur 23 July
Thomas s. of Wm. Calcott bap. 25 Sept.
Andrew s. of John Farmer bap. 8 Jan.
Maria d. of Wm. Blakeway bap. 5 Feb.

Wm, Ryder of Holy Cross and Joyce Cooke of this mar. Nov. 8.
John s. of Mich. Massy bap. Jan. 25,

1598 Roger Churche bur. 23 Oct.
Johanna Brooke widow bur. 23 Oct.

Wm. s, of Tho\ Farmer and Johanna his wife bap 17 Dec.

1599 Ann wife of Tho\ Calcott bur. 2 April.

Richard Farmer and Jocosa d. of Richd. Blakeway mar. 25
June.

Martha d. of Roger Farmer and Jocosa his wife bap. at

Pitchford 2G Sept.
Johanna d. of Tho9. Brooke and Isabel his wife bap 7 Oct.
Richard Norton of the parish of Holy Cross Salop and

Katherine Farmer mar. 23 Oct,
Elizabeth d. of Richard Farmer of Cantlopp bur. 14 Feb.
1G00 Tho3. s. of Wm. Church and Elizabeth his wife bap. 20 April.
Thos. s. of Rich*. Farmer and Jocosa his wife bap. 5 May.
Katherine d of John Blakeway and Maria his wife bap 5 June.

BERRINGTON CHURCH AND REGISTERS. 163

Tbos. Blakeway bur, 11 July

Humphrey ap Jevan of the parish of St. Chad Salop and

Margaret Cocke alias Brooke mar 30 Sept.
Maria d. of Tho8. Farmer and Johanna his wife bap. 2 Feb.
Philip Oxenbold of Eaton p'sh and Marg*. Yorke of this mar.

Feb. 24.

1601 Humphrey Blakeway bur 10 June

Abraham Blakeway s. of William Blakeway and Elizabeth his

wife bur. 10 Nov.
Thomas Slade of the parish of Stanton Lacy and Maria

Farmer mar. 3 Nov.
Tho9. s. of Thos Brooke and Isabel his wife bap 14 Feb.
Johanna d. of Richard Farmer and Jocosa his wife bap 28

Feb.

William s, of Wm. Blakeway and Elizabeth his wife bap
5 March.

George s. of Roger Farmer and Jocosa his wife bap 12 Mar.
Marg*. Percival wJ. bur. and Marg*. d. of Wm. and Anne bap.
Oct. 11.

1602 Katheriue d. of John Blakeway bur. 14 Aug.

Wm. s. of Wm. Calcott and Anne his wife bap. 21 Nov.
John s. of John Blakeway and Maria his wife bap 13 Mar.
Geo. s. of Mich, and Margfc. Massy bap. June 23,

1603 Richard Farmer bur. 2 Dec.

Abraham s. of Tho3. Farmer and Johanna his wife bap 11 Mar.

1604 Morgan Evans clerk rector of Hanwood and Margaret Farmer

mar. 4 June.

Alice d. of Riclr4. Farmer and Jocosa his wife bap 17 Mar..
Roger Payne of Baschurch and Eliz. Yorke of this mar.
July 3.

1605 Abraham s. of Roger Farmer and Jocosa his wife bap 4 Aug.
Richard Phillippes of the parish of Wrockwardine and Avicia

Calcott mar. 22 Oct,
Roger s. of Wm. Calcott and Anne his wife bap 26 Dec.
Jocosa Farmer widow bur. 1 3 Feb.

1606 Alice Blakeway wife of Richd. Blakeway bur 28 May
John s. of Tho3. Brooke and Isabel his wife bap 15 June
Martha d. of Tho9. Farmer and Johanna his wife bap. 6 July.
Judith d. of Andrew Farmer and Francisca his wife bap.

1 Feb.

Ranulph s. of Mich, and Marg1. Massey bap. Sep. 21 bur.
July 11.

1607 Richd. s. of Richd. Farmer and Jocosa his wife bap. 14 May
Thomas Russell of p'sh Atcham and Elizabeth Calcott of p'sh

Bcriligton mar. 16 June
Wm. s. of John Blakeway and Maria his wife bap 11 Oct.
Richard Calcott and Elizabeth Farmer mar. 10 Nov.
Elizabeth d. of Tobit a]) Owen ap David and Kathcrine his

wife bap 23 March.

164

BERRINGTON CHURCH AND REGISTERS.

Tho*. Russell of Atcham and Eliz. Calcott of this mard.
June 16.

1608 Wm. s. of Roger Farmer and Joeosa his wife bap. 21 July
Lucy d. of Thos. Farmer and Johanna his wife bap. 30 Oct.
John Bowdler of Woolzaston and Marg*. Cocke of this mar.
Sep. 28.

1G09 Margaret d. of Richd. Calcott and Elizabeth his wife bap.
26 Mar.

Tho9. s. of Andrew Farmer and Fiances his wife bap 30 Apr.
Elizabeth d. of Thomas Brooke and Isabella his wife bap
21 May.

Margery Blakeway widow bur. 28 Nov.

Abigail d. of George Farmer and Johanna his wife bap 18 Feb.

1610 Tho3. Birde p'sh Preston Gubballs and Anne Calcott of this

p'sh mar. 29 May
Ann d. of Richard Calcott and Elizabeth his wife bap.

25 Nov.
Riehd. Blakeway bur. 1 Dec.
Margaret w. of John Farmer bur 27 Feb.
Bridget w. of Wm. Yorke bur. Jan. 14.

1611 Lucy d. of Rowland Blakeway and Dorothy his wife bap.

21 April.

Elizabeth d. of Thomas Farmer and Johanna his wife bap.
21 July.

Robert s. of Andrew Farmer and Frances his wife bap 15 Sept.
Tho8. s. of Tobit ap Owen ap David and Katherine his wife

bap. 6 Oct. bur. in the evening of the same day.
Avice Churche bur 26 Nov.

1612 Moses Reignoldes of p'sh of Condover and Elizabeth Blakeway

d. of Wm. B. and Elizabeth his wife mar. 16 June.
Ann d. of Roger Farmer and Jocosa his wife bap 13 Sept.
Elizabeth d. of Rich1'. Calcott and Elizabeth his wife bap

11 Jan.

Elizabeth d. of Row!4. Blakeway and Dorothy his wife bap
U Feb

Marg\ w. of Mich. Massey bur. Oct. 21.

Wm. s. of Wm. and Marg* Yorke bap. Nov. 25,

1613 Elenor d. of John Burnell and Lucy his wife bap 2 May
Richard Farmer of the parish of Shrawardine died at Calcott

at the house of his brother Tho3. Farmer bur. 15 May
Jane Farmer mendicant, bur 6 Oct.
Tho8. Waiter of Button Strange bur 7 Oct.
John s. of Owen ap David bur 22 Jan.
Tho8, Calcott bur. 13 Feb.

W1U. Farmer p'sh Berrington and Jocosa Jones p'sh Wellington
mar. 6 Mar.

Eliz. d. of John and Marg1. Bowdler bap. Jan. 30.

1614 Maria d. of Andrew Farmer and Frances his wife bap. G Nov.
Maria d. of Rowla, Blakeway and Dorothy his wife bap 8 Jan.

BERRINGTON CHURCH AND REGISTERS. 165

1615 Margaret Farmer widow bur. 23 April

Lucy d. of John Burnell and Lucy his wife bap. 24 Sept.

Jocosa d. of Rich'1. Calcott and Eiizth. his wife bap 12 Nov.

Tho\ s. of Richd. Farmer and Isabella his wife bap 28 Jan.
1G1G John Burnell bur, 18 Sept.

Abraham s. of Row!'1. Blakeway and Dorothy his wife bap.
12 Jan.

Elenor d. of John and Marg1. Bowdler bap. Dec 15.

1617 John s. of Tho\ Owen and Elinor his wife bap. at the Holy
Cross 4 Dec.

Elizabeth d. of Lucy Burnell widow bur. 13 Mar.

1618 Thos. s. of Richd. Calcott and Elizth. his wife bap. 29 Mar.
Jocosa d. of Eichd. Farmer and Isabella his wife bap. 9 Aug.
Michael Massey rector bur. 24 Nov.

Samuel Greaves inducted 22 Feb. 1618.

1619 John Blakeway of Brompton bur 10 Oct.

Elizabeth d. of Richd. Calcott and Elizth. his wife bur, 25 Jan.
Henry Stone and Maria Blakeway mar. 3 Feb.
Maria d. of Richd. Calcott and Elizth. his wife bap 5 Mar.
Tho8. Brooke of Brompton bur. 2 Mar.

1620 Mary d. of Sami. and Kiith. Greaves bap. Nov. 5 and bur3,

1621 Marg*. d. of John and Marg1. Bowdler bap. Apr. 7.

1622 Elizabeth Brooke wife of Richd. B. bur. 26 Mar.
Richd. Brooke alias Cocke of Brompton bur. 18 April
Katherine Blakeway d. of Thos. and Marg1. bap 2 July
Sara Farmer d. of John and Lucy bap. 17 Sept.

Sara Calcott d. of Richd. and Elizth. bap 21 Sept.
Richd. Blakeway of Brompton bur. 3 3 Dec.

1623 John Brooke s. of Nicholas and bap. 12 Jan.
Wm. s. of Tho5. Farmer of Cantlop bur 26 Jan.
Owen ap David bur, 5 Feb.

Sarah Blakeway d. of Tho8. B. bur 21 Mar.

1624 Wm. Calcott s. of Rich*. C. of Betton and bap 15 Aug.
Tho3. s. of Wm. York of Brompton bur.

1625 Wm. Calcott s. of Tho5, C. bap 18 Ap1.

Wm. Calcott s. of Wm. C. of Betton bur. 9 July.
John s. of John Farmer, smith, bap. 12 Jan.
Anne widow of Wm. Calcott bur. 1 Mar.
Joan Brooke alias Cox d. of Nicholas B. bur. 8 Mar.

1626 Richd. s. of Richd. Calcott and Elizabeth his wife bap 27 Mar.

1627 Sara and Elizabeth twin dau, of Wm, Owen and Ann his wife

bap. 5 May

Elizabeth one of the twin dau. of Wm. Owen bur. May 6.
John s. of Tho8. and Marg1, Calcott bap. 28 May.
Rich*. Mayre and Marg1. Calcott mar. 7 Aug.
Tho8. Farmer bur. 28 Dec.

Richd. Farmer and Katherine Burnell mar. 2 Fob.
Humphrey Burnell and Martha Farmer mar 5 Fob.

Vol. hi. \v

166 BERRINGTON CHURCH AND REGISTERS.

Nathan s. of Sam1, and Ada Greaves bap. July 3.
Winifred d. of Fras and Sarah York bap. Oct. 14.
1028 Lucy d. of Lucy Burnell widow bur, 19 July

Nicholas s. of Roger and Alice Brooke bap. 1G Nov. bur.
20 Nov.

Joan d. of Richd. and Katherine Farmer bap 30 Nov.
Roger Owen s. of Wm. and Ann Owen bap. 11 Jan.
Roger Owen s. of Wm. Owen bur, 11 Mar.
Sam1, s. of John and Marg*. Bowdler bap. June 8.

1629 Abraham Farmer bur. 5 June.

Richd. s. of Tho\ and Marg*. Calcott bap. 19 Nov.

Elizabeth Brooke bur. 29 Dec.

Briget Brook bur. 24 Jan.

John s. of Wra. Owen bap. 1 Feb.

1630 Alice Farmer bur. 1 Aug.

Marg*. d. of Roger and Alice Brooke bap. 22 Aug.
Lucy d. of Richd. and Katherine Farmer bap. Nov. 7.

1631 Elizabeth d. of Rich'1 and EUzth. Calcott bap. 18 Sept.
Thos. Farmer bur. 30 Oct.

Richd. Cocke and Elizth. Farmer mar. 28 Jan.
Marg*. Blakeway d. of Wm. and Elizth. bur. 18 Feb.

1632 Andrew Farmer bur. 12 Oct.

Ann d. of Wm. and Ann Owen bap 25 Nov.

John s. of Rd. and Katherine Farmer bap. 16 Dec,

Humphrey Burnell bur. 18 Dec.

Wm. s. of Rd. and Elinor Farmer bap 24 Dec.

Lucia d. of John and Marg1. Bowdler bap. Aug. 2G.

1633 Jocosa wife of Ra. Farmer bur 7 June
John Farmer bur 26 Jul v.

Elizth. d of Richd. and Elizth. Calcott bur 12 Feb.
Rd. Calcott of Brompton bur. 22 Apr.

1634 Elizth. Farmer widow bur. 1G June

Rd. s. of Wm. and Marg1. Blakeway bap 27 July born 22 Jul.
Wm. Church of Berrington bur. 12 Feb.
Wm. Calcott of Betton bur. 21 Mar.

1635 Marg*. d. of Wm. Owen and Ann bap. 12 May.
Marg1. d, of Rd. and Katherine Farmer bap. 19 May.

1637 Roger Wood and Martha Farmer mar. 19 Sept.
Marg1. d. of Tho8. and Elinor Farmer bap. 5 Dec.
Richd. Farmer of Berrington bur. 2 Feb.

Marg*. d. of Geo. and Elizth. Farmer bora 2 and bap 11 Feb.
Roger Farmer bur. 4 Feb.

1638 Sara d. of Richard and Elinor Farmer bap. 21 June.
Roger Calcott and Joyce Farmer mar. 24 Nov.
Elizth. Calcott widow bur. 28 Nov.

John Owen s, of Wm. Owen bur. 18 Feb.
John Farmer s. of Rich*. Farmer bur. 28 Feb.
Joyce Farmor wife of Roger Farmer bur. 25 Ap1.

BERRINGTON CHURCH AND REGISTERS.

1G7

Adeth w. of Sam1. Greaves bur. July 14.

Thos. and Eliz. Bowdlcr mar. Jan 8.
1639 Marg*. w. of Wm. Blakeway bur 28 May

Wm. s. of Thos. and Elinor Farmer bap. 10 Nov.
1610 W™. Owen bur. 21 June.

Richd. Farmer and Magdalen Cook mar. 8 Aug.

Jocosa d. of Roger and Jocosa Calcott bap. 23 Aug.

Elizabeth d. of Richd. and Catherine Farmer bap. 7 Sept,

Wm. Blakeway bur. 2 Jan.

John s. of Tho\ and Elinor Farmer bap. 17 Jan.
1G11 Tho8. Starrer and Lucv Burnell mar. 28 Sept.

Wm. s. of Wm. and Maria Blakeway bap. 25 Oct.

Marg1. Cliurche bur. 10 Mar.

Wm. York pat. fam. bur. Feb. 28.
1642 Katherine d. of Rd. and Kath. Farmer bap. 18 Oct.

Joachim s. of Sam1. Greaves bap. Apr. 7.
1G13 Tho8. s. of Roger and Jocosa Calcott bap. 13 Ap.

Roger Brooke of Brompton bur. 18 Apr.

Elizabeth wife of Wm. Blakeway of Berrington bur. 8 June

1615 Wm. s. of Roger and Jocosa Calcott bap. 29 Mar.
Jocosa Farmer widow bur. 12 Ap.

Mary Blakeway of Brompton w. bur. 20 Ap.
Rd. s. of Thos. and Elinor Farmer bap. 26 June

1616 Ann d. of Abraham Farmer bur. 23 July
Richd. Farmer of Eaton bur. 6 Aug.

Roger s, of Wm. and Marg1. Blakeway bap. 9 Sept.
Elenor d. of Thos. Farmer bap. 7 Nov.
Marg'. w. of Wm. Blakeway bur. 21 Feb.
1648 Tho8. s. of Tho3. Farmer of Berrington bap. 24 Mar.

Andrew Farmer of Brompton s. of Andw. Farmer of Berring-
ton bur. 13 Ap1.
Tho8. Farmer of Eaton Mascott bap. 22 May.
Mary d. of Andu\ Farmer of Brompton bur. 31 May.
Jane d. of Mr. Pontisbury Owen of Eaton Mascott bap.
81 Dec.

Tho3. s. of Andw. Farmer of Brompton bur. 9 Feb.
Wm. Blakeway s. of Rd. B. bur. 17 Mar.
1619 Marg*. d. of Tho5. Farmer of Berrington bur. 30 Mar.
Eliz"1. Churcho widow bur. 22 Jan.

Tho8. s. of Tho3. and Elinor Farmer of Berrington bap. 29
Jan and bur. 7 Mar.

1650 Rich'1, a. of Thos. and Elinor Farmer of Eaton Mascott born

30 Ap. and bap. 9 May
Robert s. of Pontisbury and Marg1. Owen bap. 14 Nov.

1651 Robert Farmer of Brompton bur. Aug. 2.

Andvv. s. of Tho\ and Elinor Farmer of Berrington bap.
11 Dec.

1652 Mr. Pontisbury Owen of Eaton bur. 24 Ap1.

1G8

BERRINGTON CHURCH AND REGISTERS.

John s, of Tho3. and Eiinor Farmer of Eaton bap. Sept 29.

1653 Joshua s. of Edwd. and Maria Powes of Betton Strange bur.

2 Ap.

Richd. Farmer of Cantlop bur. Ap. 3.
Mr. Sam1. Greaves Rector bur. Sep. 9.

Sept 13 Delivered to John Mulward of Cressage one of highe

constables of the hundred of Condover the sum of 15s.

being collected in the parish of Berrington for the use

of Tho". Hablance of Marlboro.
Elenor d. of Tho3. and Elenor Farmer of Berrington bap.

27 Dec.

1654 Sarah d. Tho8. and Elinor Farmer of Eaton bap Oct. 27.
Humph, s, of Sam1. Greaves late Rector bur. Oct. 5.

1655 James Shepheard of Bitterley and Margfc. Farmer of Eaton

Mascott mar. 12 July
Susanna d, of Tho3. and Susanna Brooke bap. 12 July

1656 Maria d. of Tho8. and Elinor Farmer bap. 27 Mar.
George s. of Pontisbury and Marg*. Owen bur. 12 May
Maria d. of Thos. and Elinor Farmer bur, 8 Nov.
Elinor d. of Thos. and Elinor Farmer bur. 19 Nov.

1658 Isabel wife of Rd. Farmer of Eaton Mascott bur 25 Apr.

1659 Widow Frances Farmer of Brompton bur 21 Feb.

1660 Jas. s. of Thos. and Elinor Farmer bap, 2 Aug.
Moses Leigh clerk inducted 0 Dec. 1660.
Elizabeth d. of Thos. and Susinna Brook bap 12 Feb.

1661 George Farmer of Eaton Mascott bur 24 ipril
Tho8. Owen gent, of Eaton Mascott bur. 2 Jan.

1662 John Farmer of Cantlop and Johanna Church of Berrington

mar, 22 June

1663 Wra. s. of John and Joana Farmer of Berrington bap 22 April.
Alice wife of Andw. Church of Berrington bur 6 June
Ponsbury s. of Pontisbury and Mary Owen of Eaton Mascott

gent. bap. 9 June

1664 Jane d. of Tho8. and Elinor Farmer of Eaton Mascott bap

7 Ap.

Jane d. of Ponsbury and Mary Owen of Eaton Mascott gent,
bap. 26 Sept.

Ponsbury s. of Ponsbury and Mary Owen of Eaton Mascott

gent. bur. 1 Nov.
Elizabeth d. of John and Joana Farmer of Berrington bap

15 Nov.

Sarah d. of Rd. and Marg1. Blakeway of Berrington bur.
19 Dec.

1665 Rowland Bright parish Sl. Chad Salop and Elizth. Farmer of

Cantlop mar 29 Sept.
Rd. s. of Rd. and Marg1. Blakeway bap 19. Dec.

1666 Sarah d. of Ponsbury and Mary Owen of Eaton Mascott gent.

bap. 4 June bur, 22 Sept.

BER.LUXG TON CHURCH AND REGISTERS.

169

1607 Susanna d of Rd. and Marg*. Blakeway of Berington bap. 4 Ap.

Marg* d. of Ponsbury and Mary Owen gent, bap 8 July.

Tho8, Blakeway of Brompton bur 27 Nov.

Marg1. Blakeway of Brompton widow bur 8 Jan.

Tho8. Farmer of Betton bur 1 Mar.
1G68 Richd. Calcott of Betton and Catherine Jones of Chilton mar.
by licence 14 July.

Richd, s. of John and Joan Farmer of Berrington bap. 3 Dec.

1669 Edwd, s. of Ponsbury and Mary Owen bap. 22 April
Elizabeth Farmer of Eaton Mascott widow7 bur. 3 May

1670 Tho3. s. of Ponsbury and Mary Owen bap. 29 Sept. bur.

2 Oct.

1671 Christiana d. of Ponsbury and Mary Owen bap. S Oct,
John Farmer of Berrington bur. 8 Jan.

1672 Maria d. of Ponsbury and Mary Owen bap. 21 Nov.
1674 Thos. Brooke of Brompton bur. 6 July.

Elizth. d of Pontesbury and Mary Owen bap 9 Aug.
Maria d. of Pontesbury and Mary Owen bur. 11 Sept.
Elizabeth d. of Pontesbury and Mary Owen bur. 18 Sept.
Hannah d. of John and Joan Farmer bap. 10 Dec.

1676 George s. of Pontesbury and Mary Owen bap 2 Aug.
Katherine Farmer of Cantlop widow bur. 2 Nov.
John Hughes inducted 3 Not. 1676.

1677 Tho8. Calcott of Betton bur. 11 Mar.

Edwd. Clive of St. Peters p'sh in Cornwall London and
Susannah Phillips of this mar. May 26.

1678 Pontesbury Owen of Eaton Mascott gent, bur 2)3 Dec.
Andrew Church of Berrington bur. 15 Jan.

1680 Thos. Blakemore vicar of Wroxetcr bur. Jan. 8.

1682 Wm. Blakeway of Bourton bur. 26 Mar.

John Farmer s. of Riehd. and Ann Farmer bap. 31 Jan.

1683 Thomas s. of Richd. and Ann Farmer of Berrington bur

29 April.
Jocosa Calcott bur. 16 Feb.
Wm. Kyte clerk bur. June 22.

1684 Marg1. w. of Rd. Blakeway of Eaton bur. 4 Aug.

Joanna m. of Humfr. YYainwright of Abbots Betton bur.
Jan. 7.

1685 Alice Brookes widow of Brompton bur 25 Mar.
Margaret Owen widow bur. 11 Aug.
Margaret Calcott widow of Berwick bur. 26 Feb.

1686 Richd. Blakeway of Eaton bur. 9 Mar.

John Millington and Ruth Leighton mar. July 16.

1687 Maria d, of Richd. and Aim Farmer of Berrington bap.

14 Aug.

16S9 Samuel Jones of Cantlop gent. bur. 12 June

Maria Owen widow of Eaton Mascott bur 4 Feb.
J 690 Anne d. of John and Maria Blakeway bap. 2 Sept,

170

BERRINGTON CHURCH AND REGISTERS.

John Mathews rector of Bentall and Buildwas and Maria

Rydar of Bronipton mar. 19 Nov.
Richd. Grosvenor of Salop and Elizth. Farmer of Berrington

mar. 2 Dec.

1G91 John Randall gent, and Martha Shepheard of Berrington
mar. 14 April.
Elcnor Farmer widow bur. 16 May.
Roger Blake way bur. 11 Mar.
1G92 Maria d. of John Raudall and Martha bap. 3 Aug.
1694 Jane Greaves widow bur. 12 April., widow of Samuel Greaves
rector of this parish; aged 100 years and upwards. He
died 1054.

1G95 William Waring of Abbotts Betton bur. 2 June

Pontisbury Owen bur. 27 Feb.

Mrs. Mary Owen widow bur. 1 liar.
1G97 Marg\ d. of Rich'1, and Martha Calcott bap. 18 Mar
1G98 Mary d. of Mr. Edward and Madam Catherine Owen bap.
12 Oct.

Mr. Tho9. Hughes vicar of the parish of Bromfield bur. 10 Feb.
1G99 Catharine d. of Edwd. Owen gent, and Cath. bur. 11 July.
Susanna d. of Edwd. Owen gent, and Cath. bap. 7 Sept.
Riclid, s. of Richd. and Martha Calcott bap. 11 Nov.

1700 Rich4, s. of RichJ. and .Martha Calcott bur 20 May

1701 Edwd. s. of Edwd'1. Owen gent, and Cath. bap. 23 April
Oliver Owen and Elizth Algar mar. 13 Aug.

Richd. Hitchin of tho parish of Pontesbury and Ann Randle of

this parish mar. 22 Sept.
Thomas s. Richd. and Martha Calcott of Betton bap. 30 Dec.
Mr. Tho8. Holland of Wellington and Mrs. Ursula Smith of

Wenlock mar. May 15.
Rich. s. of Mr. Sam'1. Powell and Marg*. bap. Dec. 18 bur.

Jan. 4.

1702 Martha w. of John Randle of bur 11 Oct.
1704 Susanna d, of Edw. and Cath. Owen bap. Oct. 22.
1700 Mrs. Catherine Calcott of Cantlop bur. 20 July.

Joan Farmer w. of John Farmer of Berrington bur. o Mar.
Mr. Edwd. Muckleston and Mrs. Anne Adams both of Salop

mar. May 29. remd Tho3. Blakeway attorney.
1708 Tho8. s. of Tho8. Wareing and Alice his wife bap. 2 Aug. bur.

23 Aug.

Rd. Boycott of p'sh of Wellington and Mary Davies of this

parish mar. 11 Feb. 1707.
Jonah s. of Richd. and Mary Boycott of the Cross houses bap

12 Dec

Mary wife of Richd. Boycott and Jonah their son. bur IS Dec.
Eliz. d. of Mr, Powell of y° Dukes Head in Salop bur. Apr. 1.
Sam1, s. of Sam1, ami Marg1. Powell of Eaton Mascott bap.
Oct. 30 bur. Jan. 12.

BERRINGTON CHURCH AND REGISTERS. 171

1709 Mr. Richard Cock vicar of Meole. Brace bur. 13 Aug.

Mr. Andrew Bowdler and Mrs. Joyce Wood of Salop mar.
Jan, 28.

1710 William s. of Rich'1, and Anne Boycott bap. 8 Aug.
Mr. Richd. Calcott of Cantlop bur. 9 Aug.

1711 Mrs. Anne Barrett of Eaton Mascott bur. 4 Aug.

Mary d. of Richd. and Anne Bovcott of Crosshouses bap.

3 Feb.

1714 Anne d. of Rich'1, and Anne Boycott of Berrington bap 13

June bur 11 Aug. 1715.

1715 Bazil Waring of Cantlop bur 30 Ap.

1716 Elizth. d. of Rd. and Anne Boycott bap. 16 Aug.
John Hughes B.D. Rector bur. May 8.

John Lloyd clerk Fellow of S*. John's College, Cambridge,

instituted to the rectory of Berrington 10 Aug. 1716.
Richd. Farmer of Berrington bur 24 Jan.
John s. of Rd. and Anne Farmer bur 8 Mar,

1717 Sarah d. of Wm. and Marg1. Owen bap. 23 May.

1718 Marg*. d. of W^m. and Margaret Owen bap 9 Nov.

1719 Mr. Josiah Thomson and Mrs. Mary Travers mar. Oct S.

1720 Catherine w, of Edwd. Owen esq. of Eaton Mascott bur

4 June.

Rob. Davies elk. and Mrs. Mary Maddox both of Withington
mar. Nov. 8.

1721 Lucy d. of John and Mary Waring bap, 5 Oct..

1722 John Farmer bur, 21 Mar. 1721 at 94

Edwd. Owen Esq of Eaton Mascott bur. Nov. 21.

1724 Edward Owen esq. of Condover and Mrs. Margaret Owen of

Eaton Mascott mar. 6 April.

1725 Mr. Tho3. Francks and Mrs. Susannah Owen mar. 2 April.
Mr. Robert Owen bur. 22 July.

Anne d. of Mr. John and Mary Waring bap. 15 Mar.
Mr. Thoa. Bayton bur. Apr. 1.

1726 Wm. s. of Thos. and Joan Corfield bap. Jan. 26.

1727 John Owen and Mary Butcher mar. 22 May

1728 Tho\ s. John and Mary Owen bap. 10 May
Mary d. of John and Mary Waring bap 10 Oct.

1731 Mary d, of Tho\ and Sarah Calcott bap. 6 May
John Owen (a labourer) bur. 14 May

Mr. John Waringe bur. 30 July.

Tho8. s. of Wm. and Sara Blakcway bap. 9 Dec.

Mrs. Elizth. Heighway bur. Oct. 3L

1732 Sara w. of Wm. Blakcway bur. 5 Aug.
Mr8. Thermond wd. bur. Sep. 20.

1733 Wm. s. of Wm. and Cath. Blakcway bap. 27 Dec.

1734 MrS. Mary Jennings bur. Sep. 31.

1736 Wm. Franckc esq. of Eaton Mascott bur. 28 Mar.

Elizth. d, of Wm. and Cath, Blakcway bap, 17 Sept.

1/2 BERRIXGTON CHURCH AND REGISTERS.

1737 Martha Calcott of Betton bur. 11 Apr.

Rich*, s. of Tho9. and Sarah Calcott bap. 3 Jan.

1740 Sarah d. of T ho\ and Sarah Calcott bap. 4 Nov.

1741 Edwd. Rogers esqr. and M™. Mary Davenport mar. 2 Nov.
Mrs. Mary Bayton Spr. bur. Oct. 22.

1742 Anne d. of John and Eliz* Waring of Cantlop bap. 29 April.

1743 Mr. John Lloyd rector of Berrington died 19 May
Mr. Daniel Austin inducted 18 Aug.

1746 Mr. John Kilvart and M". Mary Scriven mar. July 9.

Mr. John Lloyd and M1'3. Mary Reynolds from Salop mar.
Sep. 25.

1747 Mr. Richard Calcott bur 30 Jan

1748 Mrs. Anne Waring bur. Oct. 9.

1749 Mr3. Frances Austin wd. bur. Jan. 31.

1750 Richd. s. of John and Elizth. Waring of Cantlop bap Sep. 18.
Anne d, of Dan1, and Anne Austin bap, May 11,

1753 Lancelot s. of Do, bap, Jan. G bur, Jan, 11,

1754 Lucy d. of John and Elizth. Waring of Cantlop bap Aug. 27
175G Wm. s. of John and Elizth. Waring 0f Cantlop bap. Dec. 30

bur. Sep. 6, ] 759.

1760 Wm. s. of John and Elizth. Waring of Cantlop bap Mar. 27.

1761 Richard s, of Dan. and Anne Austin bap, Nov. 27,
1768 Wt. Sarah Calcott of Betton bur Dec. 19. at 63.

Sara d. of Rich11, and Mary Calcott of Betton bap. Nov 21.

1770 Anne d. of Rd. and Mary Calcott bap. Ap. 19.
Mr\ Rogers of Eaton bur, Nov, 18 set 88.

1771 Riehd. s, of Rd. and Mary Calcott bap. Oct, 1.

1773 John s. of Rd. and Mary Calcott bap May 31. bur. Aug 26.
Tho5. Farmer bur. Oct. 1 at 61.

Mrs. Anne Austin bur, Feb. 28,

1774 Mr. John Waring of Cantlop bur. Feb. 7. at 51

1775 Joseph s. Rd. and M. Calcott bap May 18

1776 Mr. Tho9. Calcott late of Belton bur.' July 12 at 76.

1777 Edwd. Rogers esqr. of Eaton Mascott ob. Jan. 7. bur. Jan. 13

at. 64.

1778 Mr. John Waring of Cantlop bur. June 2 at 30

1779 Elizth. d. of Rd. and Mary Calcott bap. 13

1786 M\ Rd. Calcott bur. Mar 31.

1787 Revd. Dan1. Austin bur. Apr. 11.

Rowland Chambre rector of Thornton co. Cest, inducted died
1796.

Richd. Calcott of Great Betton farmer and Mary Richards of

parish of Pontesbury mar. 27 Ap.
John Morris Bennett of Broseley and Sarah Calcott mar,
11 Oct.

1789 Wra. Bowley of Salop and Ann Calcott mar 17 June
1794 Richd. Calcott and Mary Hoggins mar. 26 Aug.
1797 Re vd, George Scott of Betton Chap1 to Lord Banff inducted
Mar. 4.

BEKRINGTON CHURCH AND REGISTERS.

173

1797 Hon, and Rev, Rich. Hill inducted,

1800 Richard Noel s. of the Hon. and Rev, Richard and Frances

Maria Hill horn 21 Nov. priv. hap. 23 Nov. 1800 and publ.
bap, 20 Ap. 1801.
1802 Wm, s. of the above born 6 July priv. b. 12 July 1802 and
publ. bap. 6 Aug. 1801.

HILLS. -

1801 Tho8. Henry.— born 1 Feb. priv. b. 6 Aug
1805 Maria horn 11 July priv. and publ. b. 11 July.

1807 Emily born May 3" bap. 10 May.

1808 Harriot born 27 Aug. bap. Sept 4.
1811 Cha8. Arthur born Ap. 22. bap. Ap. 25.

1718 Elizabeth d, of John and Anne Leighton bap. Mar 27.

1740 John s. of J. and A. L. bap. Mar. 4.

1752 William s. of J. and Elizth. L. bap. Mar. 8

1754 William s. of John and Anne Leighton of Cantlop bap. July 7.

1756 Jane d. of J. and A. L. of Cantlop bap, Aug. 22.

1759 Anne d. of J. and A. L. of C. bap. Jan. 21.

1761 Martha d. of J. and A. L, bap. Oct. 25.

1764 Dorothy d. of J. and A. L. bap. June 3.

1766 Robert s. of J. and A. L. bap. Nov. 23.

1772 John Leighton of Cantlop bur. Oct, 11 at 48.

1788 Martha L. bur Aug. 27.

1791 Ann L. bur. Ap. 18.

INCUMBENTS.

Andrew, Priest of Biriton, 1172.

Hugh de Hotot, Rector, 1301.

Edmund de Portlaunde, 1305.

Simon de Cotenham, 1306.

Sir Richard de Stafford, 1326—1349.

Henry de Harley, 1350.

Stephen de Chclaston, 1352.

William de Drayton, 1358.

Adam de Eyton, 1361.

William Amyas, 1874.

Richard de Evcahve, 1374.

Roger de Aston, 1874.

Richard de Lyndeseye, 1376.

Sir John Chirch, ob. 1379.

William de Drayton, 1879.

Adam de Eyton, 1 386.

# * *

Wm. Prowd, ob. 1572.
Richard Forstcr.

174 BEKRJXGTON CHURCH AND REGISTERS.

Michael Massey inducted 1589, ob. 1618.
Samuel Greaves inducted 1G18, ob. 1654.
Moses Leigh inducted 1000.
John Hughes inducted 1G70\
John Lloyd, 1716, ob. 1743.
Daniel Austin inducted 1713, ob. 1787.
Rowland Chambre inducted 1737, ob. 179G.
George Scott, 1797.

Hon. and Rev. Richard Hill inducted 1797, ob. 1848.
Hon. T, H. Noel Hill inducted 1848, ob. 1870.
T. Noel Hill, present Rector.

In the parish chest is preserved a curious document
under the hand and seal of Robert (Wright) Bishop
of Coventry and Lichfield, dated at Newport xxij
day of August, 1639, reciting that " As there hath
beene tyme out of mynd an antient custome used
\vthin the parish of Berrington, that the parson of the
said parish hath yearely upon Easter- Day feasted all
the parishioners and landhoulders within that parish wth
a Lovefeast, the solemnization of wcil feast was ever
yet performed in the Church (a thing noe less profane
than irreligious) ; " and reciting that the said parish-
ioners for perfect establishment and confirmation of
said custom had petitioned Sir Richard Lea, Baronet,
patron of said Rectory, that they may yearly and
without molestation of the incumbent, enjoy the liberty
thereof. The Bishop although he had prohibited
the said feast — yet in accordance with the Patron's
permission he " permits it to be held on Munday in
the Easter week in any convenient place except the
Church."

BELLS OF BERRINGTON CHURCH.

Thomas Mears of London, fecit, 179G.

Tenor.. — " Chant praise to God above."
Fifth.... — " Sound cheers to wedded love."
Fourth — " Obey each happy call."
Third... — " In harmony join all."
Second — " Unite while joy surrounds.
Treble.. — " Follow with joyful sounds."

175

OSWESTRY ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY.

By ASKEW ROBERTS, Croeswylan.

THE OLD CHURCH.

The Rev. D. R. Thomas, in his admirable History of
the Diocese of St. Asaph, says : — iC The Parish Church
of St. Oswald (August 5th) is first definitely mentioned
in 1.08G in the Grant of Warm, Vicecomes

. to the abbot and monks of Shrewsbury Abbey,
' dedit eis Ecclesiam Sancti Oswaldi cum decima
ejusdem ville;' but there is a belief that there was a
still earlier one elsewhere than on the present site,
which may be due partly to the fact that the town was
originally built on some other site, partly to the cir-
cumstance that several of the earlier mission stations
are still indicated by such names as Maen Tysilio,
Croes-Wylan, Cae Groes, and Croes Oswallt, or The
Cross ; and to the tradition which Leland records, ' that
at Llanforda was a church now decaid. Sum say this
was the paroche churche of Oswestre/ From the
foundation charter of St. John's Hospital (1200-1210)
and from the claim of Madog ap GrufYydd in 1217 we
further learn that up to that time the church had
followed the ordinary rule of all early foundations and
was collegiate. But after the institution of a vicar hi
1223 it was to be served by himself and two chaplains
or curates. During the time the church was in the
possession of Shrewsbury Abbey it appears to have been
enlarged by the addition of a chapel dedicated, as was
the usual custom of the Cistercians, in the name of the
Virgin. This chapel, no doubt, occupied the space
between the tower and the transept on the south of the
south aisle, where, in Leland's day, still stood the
Vol. hi. x

176 OSWESTRY ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY :

'Monumenta Monachorum/ or tombs of the monks.
The same writer, who visited Oswestry about the year
1540, adds that ' the cloister had been standing within
memory ;' and that ' the chirche of St. Oswald was a
very faire leddid churche with a great tourrid steeple ;'
and further records that 4 there be chapelles clene
without the suburbs. One between Stratllan and
Porth de, viz., Sacellum S. Joannis Baptist. The
second without the same suburbe, within a bowshot of
St. Oswalde, viz., S. Oswaldi Sacellum, ubi et Fons
Oswaldi, where ther is a chapelle of tymber, and the
fountein environed with a stone wall. The third N.E.
towards Chester, and called S. Edith ee Sacellum.' A
fourth was that of St. Nicholas, in the castle."

In this passage Mr. Thomas refers to a chapel
dedicated to the Virgin. It has long been the
popular notion that the church itself was dedicated
to St. Mary, and up to a very recent period it was
often so designated.1 Early in this century our
grandfathers pointed to "St. Mary's chancel" at the
top of the north — or as it was then called, the Glo-
ver's aisle. The fact that there was a lady chapel is
borne out by more than one old will that has found
its way into Bye-goncs, notably that of " Richarde
Stanye, the elder, of Oswester marcer," dated 1540,
who was to be buried " in the chapell of o'r blessed lady,
even against and before the Image and picture of Scaint
Margaret, the Virgine;"2 and it will be seen by re-
ference to Bye-goncs, December 3, 1879, that another
of the " Stanney " family left directions that he should
be buried in the " lady chauncell ;"3 no doubt meaning

1 In the Salopian Journal of 22 Nov., 1797, the death is recorded
of " Mr. Robert Conway, several years clerk to St. Mary's Church,
Oswestry."

2 Jhje-gones, April 3, 1878, p. 25.

8 This Will also proves that calling the church " St. Mary's,'* as
in Price's History (and copied by Cathrall) is a modern innovation,
for David Stanney, who made it in 15-17, gives directions for his
burial " in our lady Chauncell, in the Churcho of Saint Oswalde,
King and martir."

THE OLD CHURCH.

177

the same place ; for we are informed the use of the
word " chancel/' as an equivalent for "chapel," was
not very uncommon.

Mr. Thomas also refers to the chapel dedicated to St.
Nicholas, within the castle. From an Inquisition taken
on the attainder of Richard, Earl of Arundel, in the
reign of Richard II., we learn " that the said earl was
seized as of fee of the advowson of the free chapel of
St. Nicholas, within the castle of Oswaldestre, worth
4Gs. 8d.,'J and that in the chapel were iC 1 vessel for the
holy water, 1 missall, 1 gilt chalice, 2 linen towels,
with a frontal, 2 surplices, 2 chesibles, with accompani-
ments, 1 hand-mill for grinding corn/'1

The church at Llanforda, " decaid " in Leland's time,
was mentioned by the Rev. Mackenzie Walcott, in
Bye-gones, November 22, 1876, as " Llan Forda, or the
Church of the Ordovices." This called forth a reply
from one of our prominent Welsh scholars, who said : — -

I do not think Mr. Walcott can produce another instance
in which " Ordovices " or " Gordofigion" has been transformed
into " Forda." Others seem to connect ''Forda" with the word
" Mercians." John Davies, Esq., recorder in 1G35, in his MS.
Observations of Oswestry, says — " Rynerus, Bishop of St.
Asaph, suppressed the old church of the Mercians, called
Llanforda." The supporters of this view would have some
difficulty in proving the identity of " Mercians " and " Forda "
or " Morda," as the letters c and d do not interchange. I think
Canon Williams, in his Eminent Welshmen, p. 337, is nearer
the mark. In speaking of " Mordaf Hael," who was a chieftain
of the fifth century, and devoted himself to religion, he says :
" There was formerly a church near Oswestry, called Llanforda,
which might have derived its name from him, as founder."

1 Why the " mill for grinding corn " was in the chapel it is hard
to say. Mr. Thomas, in a note, quotes Mr. Cathrall's History of
Oswestry (ISoo) for this Inquisition. Neither Price (1814) nor
Edwards (1818) refer to it, but it appeared in Oswald's Well, a local
magazine, published in 1817-8, by the late Mr. S. Roberts, from
which Mr. Cathrall abridged it without acknowledgment. When
a sketch of the history of Oswestry Castle appears in the Tram, of
the Sh. Arch. So. it will he interesting to give this Inquisition
entire.

178

OSWESTRY ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY :

Mr. Walcott's article is interesting, and differing as
it does in some respects from other opinions, it will
not be amiss to quote pretty freely from it. It was
penned in consequence of an appeal to him to furnish
the entry referring to " Oswestry, its Rood Service,
Our Lady's Service, Chantries of S. Michael and S.
Katharine," which he had mentioned as appearing
in "The Chantry Certificates (Salop 40, 41)." In
reply, he first of all says : —

The Church of S. Oswald de Albo Monasterio, or White-
church, that is, a stone church in distinction to one of wood or
wicker work, was parochial, and transferred to the Benedictine
Abbey of Shrewsbury early in the eleventh century ; for Earl
Roger's charter, referring to a period before Domesday, says :
" Guarinus (Vicecomes) dedit eis ecclesiam S. Oswaldi." The
Cistercians had their first English house at Waverley in the
twelfth century. Like their other churches, it was dedicated
to S. Mary, and had no Lad)- Chapel. So that Oswestry had
no connection with that order. At Oswestry the word Monks
seems to have been carelessly applied to a community of
Regular Canons who afterwards became Seculars. According
to tradition, on the spot where King Oswald was cruelly slain,
owing to tlie conflux of persons to it, a Monastery was built
"where nowe the large and faire church heere extant and
dedicated to S. Oswald" stands, and was called the White
Abbey, no doubt because it was built of stone, or plastered
over with lime on the outside, so as to appear " white afar off
to the beholders." After the Normans came it was called
Blancminstre, so late as in the Court Lolls 1 Edw. IL, and in
Rot. Cur. 42 Edw. III. " hospitium nupcr monachorum Albi
Monasterii cum omnibus pertinentiis esse positum in manus
domini Regis." The word Monastery was applied to Houses
of Regular Canons. [Ecclesiaj rcgu lares quales sunt monas-
teria monachorum, Canonicorum Regularkim, etc. Lyndw.
Prov. lib. hi., lit. 22, p. 226.] [Monaster ium est habitatio
monachorum et aliorum religiosorum. Ib. p. 208.] The
monks here mentioned were, of course, the Benedictines of
Shrewsbury, who held the rectorial tithes, for Bishop Reiner,
of S. Asaph, in the reign of Henry II., " bestowed all the
tithe hay and corn of Llancminster and the chapels thereto
belonging, wherewith were wont to be maintained 12 secular
priests that for the most part had their lawful wives, upon the
monks of Shrewsbury, and by the Pope's authority expelled
the said seculars," Tin's Collegiate church was a mile distant

THE OLD CHURCH,

179

from the town, and called Llan Forda, the Church of the
Ordovices.

Mr. Walcott then goes on to say, in reply to the re-
quest as to the chantries in connection with the parish
church : —

There were three lowT altars, those of S. Mary, S. Katharine,
and S. Michael. " The Service of Our Lady, founded off cert en
landes and tenements heretofore given to the ffin dingo of two
prestes to celebrate att the aulter off Our Lady wythin the
parisshe church of Oswcstre, intended to continue for ever.
The value, xiiijZi. xij.s. xcZ. The reprise, xxv.s. iicZ. The re-
mainder, xijZi. vis. viijd John Mathevv, stipendiary, aged
xxxij., and no other lyvynge, cvjs. viijcZ. Moryce ap Edward,
stipendiary, aged xxx., and no other lyvynge, iiij Zi. To
prechers nil. To thaugmentacon of a ffree schole there
besydes rjli. by the ffoundacon xls. Plate nil, goods xixs. ijcZ.
for the pore nil. The Service of the Roode, founded off one
prest to celebrate [att] aulter of the Holy Rode within the
parishe churche off Oswcstre, to have continuance for ever.
The value xxijZi. ijcZ. Richard Ap David stipendiary, aged xxvj.,
and no other lyvyng but anon devocyon, xxijs. ijcZ. Plate
xij onz di. Gooclcs vjs. viijd The ffraternitye off Saynt
Kateryne, ffounded off one prest to celebrate at the aulter of
Saynt Kateryne there. The value ixs. iiij\7. Hugh Lewes,
stipendiary, aged 1., and no other lyvynge but apon devocyon.
Plate xj. onz. Goods xiijs. iiijtZ. [Devotions of the parishioners
were offerings.] The Service of Saynt Mychell, founded off
one prest to celebrate at the aulter of S. Michell. Richard
Evance stipendiary, aged xxxvij, xviijs. iiijcZ, Plate xhj onz.
di. oz. Goodes xs. hijcZ. [Roll. 41, n. 15., Roll. 40, n. 8.] S.
Mary's Service was founded by Thomas, Earl of Arundel. The
revenues for payment of salaries xli. xs. xj(Z., and rents xxvs.
ijcZ. were xjli. xvjs. The priests had the charge of 2,000
houselling people, or thereabouts. The possessions valued at
xjZi. xvjs. icZ. Plate, gilt, viij oz. [These priests were virtually
assistants of the parish Vicars of the town, as in other popu-
lous places.] S. Katharine's maintained by the Parishioners.
Salary of stipendiary viijs. Service of the Rood. The Salary
of the stipendiary Cs., ' but it is at the devotion of the parysh-
ioners.' The 'certen' salary was xixs. ix<7. " "Houselling
people" arc communieants.

As to the position of these altars, Mr. Walcott s
opinion was that " the Hood altar stood, of course,

180 OSWESTRY ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY :

against the Hood screen, which formed its reredos.
The Lady altar probably was placed in its usual posi-
tion at the east end of the north chancel aisle ; S.
Katharine's altar in the south chapel or transept, in a
line with the loft ; and S. Michael's in the south
chancel aisle." In this, as far as regards the " Lady
altar," Mr. Walcott inclines to the view of the Oswes-
trians of last century rather than to that of the historian
of St. Asaph.1

On a monument in the north aisle is inscribed, " In
memory of Mr. Hugh Yale alderman of this town and
Dorothy his wife daughter of Roger Hoden Esq. of
Burton in the county of Denbigh whose bodies are in-
terred within ye chancel of this Church commonly
called St. Marys before its demolition in the late wars
anno 1616." From this it would be gathered that at
the time of the Civil Wars the chancel, where the bodies
had been buried, had been wholly destroyed.

Probably from the time of the Civil Wars to a com-
paratively recent period, the church has suffered more
or less at the hands of its wardens, and if we could
only get hold of a well-authenticated view taken, say,
a century before old Alderman Yale was buried, we
should hardly recognize, the building. I say a century
before this event, because we are by no means sure that
the church had not been suffered to remain sadly out
of repair long before the Civil Wars commenced. We
are told by some writers that there were previous de-
molitions, probably during incursions of the Welsh;
and Pennant assumes that part of the chancel was
destroyed before 16 16. 2 The Terrier of 1685 on the

1 In Byc-goncs, July 14, 1875, the Rev. D. R. Thomas expresses
a doubt whether " St. Katharine's" Avas a separate chapel; and in-
clines to the opinion that it Avas " a second altar in the Lady chapel."
That there were more altars than one in the Lady Chapel is, probably,
indicated in the will of " Richardc Stanye the elder," already quoted.

2 Hugh Yale's name is appended to a Corporation document as
lately as 1003, and he was unquestionably dead in 161 6, but according
to Pennant's reading of the inscription on the monument in St.
Oswald's Church, in the thirteen years that elapsed between these

THE OLD CHURCH.

181

" information of the Antient Inhabitants " has it that
all the damage to church and vicarage was done " in
the year of our Lord 1644, or thereabouts;" but the
<l Oldest Inhabitants ;' are not always trustworthy in
dates, and as we shall see further on, the actual fighting
at Oswestry during the wars was of not more than two
or three days' duration ; and the actual bombardment
of the church was probably confined to one "hall
houres sore fight."

How far the church was destroyed during the Civil
Wars is a matter of speculation, authorities differing
considerably : although of one thing there can be no
manner of doubt, and that is that the demolition was
the work of the Royalist followers of Charles the First,
and not of the Puritan supporters of the Common-
wealth. There exist undoubted records that the tower
was destroyed, at least to the level of the church, and
to this day any one can readily see where it has been
rebuilt. In Pennant's Tour it is stated, quoting
Edwaidss M S.9 that Oswestry Castle was "gar-
risoned for the King in the beginning of the Civil
Wars, and the governor [Lloyd of Llanforda] fortified
it very strongly ; and least the enemy should annoy
the place from the tower steeple, pulled it down to the
body of the church, part of which he also demolished."
How much he demolished we can scarcely say ; Gough,
the historian of Middle, writes, " The church being
without the walls, was pulled down, also the top of the
steeple, only leaving where the bell-frame stood (the

dates, Yale must have died, and been buried in a chancel — the chancel
destroyed in war — and the monument erected in the north aisle.
This view, I notice, is adopted by the Vicar, the Rev. Howell Evans,
in an interesting paper he read in August last before the members of
the Cambrian Arch. Scy., and published in the last vol. of Arch :
Camb : it is also endorsed by Mr. Stanley Lcighton in a note on page
90, vol. 3, Sh. Arch. So. Trans. We have vague references in
Oswestry history to " Incursions of the Welsh,'" but nothing so late
as the 17th century. What then were " the late wars" the inscrip-
tion refers to, if the monument was erected in 1016? — Hyc-yoncs,
Mar. 8, 1880,

182 OSWESTRY ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY :

bells were brought into the town, and the organs were
embezzled after). . . General Mitton planted his
cannon near that part of the steeple which was left."
If he planted his cannon there, then it may be pre-
sumed that the south-east chancel, transept, &c,
afforded the means of entrance to the Roundheads ; 1
when, as we are told by the Earl of Denbigh's despatch,
written immediately after the siege, they " made an
onslaught on the church, being but 200, and in an half
houres sore fight entered the church, the enemie fled
into the steeple, thence they fetcht them down with a
powder." This despatch proves two things (1), that the
church was not wholly destroyed, as Gough says, and
(2) that there was at least a second storey left on the
tower.

There is no reason for supposing that the Parliamen-
tarians would have touched the church at all, only the
Royalist defenders of the town manned the building
with soldiers, and these had to be dislodged before the
New Gate of the town could be stormed. And to show
how small was the damage done by the attacking party,
we have Sir Thomas Myddleton's despatch, published
seven days after the second siege (July 10, 1644). To
explain this despatch I may just remark that after
Denbigh and Mytton had taken Oswestry (June 22,
1G44) the Royalists in turn besieged Mytton, who had
been left in charge of the garrison ; and the first thing
the Royalist colonel, Marrow, did was to possess him-
self of the church, " it being," as Myddleton declares in
his Letter to LenthaU the Speaker, " the strongest hold
about the town."

We are not told what damage the church sustained
in this, the last struggle — all Myddleton's despatch
says being, 4 'The enemy before relief came, had taken
the church, being the strongest hold about the town ;
upon the approach of the relief they suddenly deserted

1 This would bear out Mr. Thomas's opinion as to the position of
the Lady Chapel, ami indicate t he burial-place of the Yales.

THE OLD CHURCH.

183

it " — so ifc could not have been much ; and on the con-
clusion of the first siege, on which occasion the town
gates were entered on a Saturday, and the castle sur-
rendered on Sunday, <f it being the Lord's Day, my
lord called all to go to church, to praise God, which
was done, and our dead buried. "

The matter probably stands thus : — The Royalists
destroyed much of the tower to prevent its being made
a post of observation by the Parliamentarians, which,
being outside the walls of the town, it was very likely
to become ; but they did not destroy much of the
church, because they wanted it as a means of defence,
it beimx " the strongest hold about the town." On the
other hand the Parliamentarians, with their sakers,
pounded a hole for entering ; but still left the building
" the strongest hold, &c.," and thanked God for their
victory within its walls. Nevertheless, when the stones
of the tower came rattling down at the command of the
Royalist governor, and an entrance was effected by
Parliamentarian soldiers, unquestionably much of the
beauty of the building was lost, and, as Mr. Thomas
says, f< it resulted in the destruction of much of the
interior of the building, as evidenced by the central
pillars and arches, which were only replaced by
rudely-constructed and ill-proportioned masses of wall
masonry." Probably, save at the portion bombarded,
the outside work was not very greatly injured, and
where it was, ike repairs and alterations it underwent
after the wars were, at least, in better taste than the
attempts at restoration of later years.

At what date the work of repairing was commenced
we have no record, but Mi*. Thomas informs us that
" The cost of the repairs amounted to .£1,500, towards
defraying which sum a Brief was granted in 1G75."
This was a wretched, I was going to say a swindling
way our ancestors had of raising the wind after mis-
fortune; the bulk of the money collected going, not to
the sufferers, but to the farmers of the Briefs. As an
illustration, I may instance the case of Whittington

Vol. hi. y

184 OSWESTRY ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY

Church, where the nett produce of, perhaps, nearly a
thousand Briefs amounted to £700 15s. Id., and only
£A2 14s. reached the parish to be benefitted. These
Briefs were so common, that the sum raised in each
parish was miserably small. Thus, for Oswestry ;
Olent, Staffordshire, raised Three and twopence, and
Stretford Chapel, Manchester, Eighteen-pence, &c, &C.1

The next record of any repairs or alterations we
have knowledge of is in 1692. Just under the remark-
able round stone (over the doorway in the tower),
which, our elders will have it, is a cannon ball fired
by Cromwell's own hand, is a slab bearing the fol-
lowing inscription: — "John Owen, Thomas Brown,
William Jones, Edw. Woolfe, Wardens, 1692." Now,
churchwardens, fond as they are of recording their
names, don't do it unless some work has been per-
formed, and the probability is that this was the
period when that doorway was made in the tower,
and the " massive round-headed Norman Transitional "
inner doorway was bricked up. About twenty years
later another set of churchwardens appear in connection
with a doorway, as is seen on a stone over what our
grandfathers knew as the " old Town Door," on the
north side, opposite the £C Big Walk." The names on
this stone are " Peter Povall, Edward Haytley, John
Lloyd, Richard Thomas, chmchwardens, 1715." "When
that door was closed we shall see further on. The
Peter Povall mentioned was a draper, and was Mayor
of Oswestry in 1724, and, dying during his year of
office, was succeeded by Owen Hughes. The names
of Povall and Haytley, the wardens of 1715, as well as
that of Woolfe, 1692, have quite died out in Oswestry.

I have met with no further repairs or alterations
until the year 17S8, when, I find, attached to a plan of
the church, with the " Freeholders names and seats in-
dicated," the following: — i( A gallery to be erected

1 Briefs were issued for all sorts of misfortunes. In 1G91 we find
collections thus made for Oswestry, on account of a great lire in the
borough.

THE OLD CHURCH.

185

below the singers' gallery for the use of the parishioners,
and a skey-light made over the middle of the Isle for
the better lighting of the Pews under the gallery. The
other galleries to remain in their present state." I
infer from this that the choir in those days (destitute
of an organ) occupied a gallery near the south (or
" country door,") and that the " gallery below " refers
to a couple of pews, to get at which two or three steps
had to be mounted, and which existed up to the period
of restoration.

Another record about this time contains an incident
at once startling and amusing : — (< The steeple was re-
pairing ,J (in 1791), says Price's MS. annotations to
his History, " at the time of the Feast, and during the
time of Divine Service, the masons threw a quantity of
stones on the roof of the church, that so alarmed the
congregation, supposing the steeple to be falling, that
they attempted to force themselves out of the church,
by which several lost their hats, shawls, &c, but no
further accident." We are not told what Feast this
was — club, corporation, or wakes ; whatever it was the
devotion of the worshippers would be put an end to for
that clay.

Perhaps these repairs to the " steeple " were the
beginning of the extensive " restorations " that appear
to have been accomplished in the next quarter of a
century or so. Price's History, 1815, says : — " The in-
terior has undergone great improvements of late years.7'
Mr. Cathrall, publishing in 1855, is a trifle more ex-
plicit, and says : — " The church was enlarged and
beautified in 1807." We, in 1879, would like to know
a little more as to what was considered beauty in those
days. Five years later a new gallery was put up,
across the nave, in a line with the other galleries, for
the reception of a " handsome organ." And when the
organ came it was found that it would not go into the
gallery ; so another gallery was erected, which crossed
the nave, where it joined the chancel, and all but hid
the Communion Table from a large number of the con-

186 OSWESTRY ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY

gregation. Thus the novel spectacle was exhibited of
two galleries crossing the nave like bridges spanning a
river. When the organ was opened there lt wras a
grand musical festival."1 We are not told what
became of the old organ, or whether there was one, but
there is a popular belief that a better organ than any
once graced the church ; but was "embezzled/' according
to Gough (before the siege of Oswestry began), and in
1815 " graced one of the churches of London:" that
church being St. Mary Axe, not far from the Minories.

Extensive and " beautiful" as were the restorations
of 1807, those of 1830-1 were more destructive— es-
pecially to the exterior.2 The principal work done
during these years was the rebuilding of the wall of the
south chancel aisle, and inserting a compound-door-and-
window in the east end. That door was put in, we
have been told, to prevent the congregation from
getting wet, and at the same time the " Town Door "
which was in the corner of the north transept gable,
was closed. Old folks say that door was always a nui-
sance, the draught from it being at times intolerable.
About the same time an encroachment was made on the
churchyard in order to widen the top of Church Street,
and the wall and railings, still existing, were put along
the east front ; and I have been told that before this
was done, and the doorway was cut into the south
chancel, there was a low wall running along Church

1 This " Festival " must have been, indeed, a " Grand " affair,
and there arc those living yet who attended it. One lady who did
so has kept a programme of the second day's performances. The
tickets of admission were a Guinea each, and the performers came
from London. The Messiah was given the first day, and Selections
on the second. Mrs. Salmon sang " With Verdure Clad," and Mr.
Bradbury, "Deeper and Deeper Still." There was a full orchestra,
and a London conductor. All the fashionables of the district attended,
" including The ' Ladies of Llangollen.' "

2 Our engraving of the church, as it was early in the century, is
taken from the Griddle Gate, and the windows shewn, on the south
side, rude as the1}- were, were in quite as good taste as those that
succeeded them.

THE OLD CHURCH.

187

Street on which the loafers of that age could con
veniently sit ; and, behind it, a broad pathway,1 to get
to which steps were placed at the Coach and Dogs
public-house end ; the path passing between the trees
in front of the church and the wall to the " Big Walk"
— that " beautiful avenue shaded by a double row of
lime trees, at the top of which there was a handsome
alcove, c From storms a shelter, and from heat a
shade/"2

To go back a little. The avenue was a greater
attraction in our great-great-grandfathers' time. In
1738 the gate at the east end of this avenue was put
up, at the expense of the parish — doubtless an im-
provement ; but, probably at the same time, the wall
on the north side of the walk was built, in carrying out
an arrangement with Mr. Lloyd of Swan Hill, whereby
that gentleman gave up what was called " The Vicar's
Croft " — afterwards (1817) formed into a supplementary
churchyard. The terms on which the wall was allowed
to be built in front of the trees were to the effect that
the trees were still to be the property of the parish,
and that the new owner " has no right to cut down or
even to lop them ; whilst the vicar has at all times
power to enter upon the premises to plant new trees,
if any of the present ones should be blown down or

1 The Churchyard must have been a "howling wilderness" in
the days of our grandfathers. As late as 1821 a professional pedes*
trian used it for the performance of a walk of "50 miles in 7£ hours,"
amidst a vast crowd of spectators.

2 This Alcove (now a thing of the past) was so described in the
Gents'. Mag. for May, 1810. During the same year, in a Tour of
Wales, tho writer says, " At the end of a walk in the church-yard is
a building which seemed like a coach house ; we were rather surprised
and amused at being told that it was a summer-house, and belonged
to the parish," Commenting on these rival opinions, a writer in the
Gents. Mag., Dec, 1811, says, "If the Alcove could have been in-
troduced into the print of the church, it would have enabled your
readers to judge which of these descriptions of that superb structure
is the more just." The " print " in question is the one we reproduce,
and is a copy of that by Mr. Parkcs (who was also the writer in the
magazine) in 1810.

188 OSWESTRY ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY

injured." (See CatliraH's Hi star if.) Other changes
followed, and in 1748, Mrs. Margaret Goclolphin be-
queathed a house in The Cross, for the purposes of a
vicarage, the old one having been destroyed during the
Civil Wars, " or thereabouts," and this again was ex-
changed in 1823, u for more desirable premises in
Brook Street," where Mr. Salwey lived when he entered
on his duties in Oswestry.

To return to 1830, The top of Church Street, as
we have seen, was much narrower then than it is
now, and the alterations included the widening of the
roadway, and the putting up of new railings, and gate
(to the south chancel door) as well as the " resto-
ration " of the chancel-aisle itself. The work was not
long about, for we read in an old MS. Journal, " Mar-
garet Bedrobe, died March 6, 1830, aged 83, Buried
March 11. Taken through the old burial door in
Church, and was the first corpse carried through the
new door the east side the church." The alterations
were simply atrocious. The windows were vulgar, and
the new door an outrage on all sense of ecclesiastical
propriety ; and if anything could reconcile us to the new
vestry Mr. Street has set up in the recent grand " re-
storations," it would be the fact that it hides some of
the work of 1830.

In 1836 a new clock was substituted for the old one;
but so short-sighted were the promoters of that im-
provement, that the clock they purchased had to be
wound up every night ; and they left the steps up to it
so bad, that a new hand at the work might entail a
broken neck in the perilous passage to the winding ap-
paratus. In 1873-4, Mr. Charles W. Owen marked his
year of office as mayor, by erecting a new clock, in
which presentation he effected two desirable improve-
ments ; — he gave the town a good time-keeper, and
he was the means of having a most unsightly clock-face
removed which marred the architecture of the tower.

Deplorable as were the patchings and " restorations "
of 1830-1, they were nothing to what was threatened.

THE OLD CHURCH.

189

I have seen a document that was prepared in 1834, in
which reference is made to a scheme that had found
favour with many, for unroofing the Old Church, and
raising the walls, for the purpose of erecting galleries
all round them ! The document in question is an ap-
peal for funds, for building a new church, and from it I
extract the following passage, which gives some in-
teresting statistics relating: to the Old Church : —

The Church of Oswestry contains 252 pews, capable of
holding 950 persons,1 and it will accommodate beside in the
aisles — but in a very inconvenient and inadequate manner —
about 100 poor persons in free sittings : it should be observed
that these consist only of narrow benches, in the aisles, nailed
against the pews wherever means exist of doing so ; — that the
poor people are obliged to sit with their feet upon the stone
floor, and exposed to a thorough draught of air by the frequent
opening of the doors, and that, consequently, when in delicate
health, they are prevented, by the above causes, from coming
to Church. It should also be observed, that in order to ac-
commodate even this number of poor persons, considerably
less space is allowed to each than is considered necessary by
the Church Building Society in London ; and, lastly, that the
aisles are so narrow — generally about five feet only — that
when the benches are occupied the rest of the congregation
have great difficulty in getting to their pews. When these
circumstances are taken into consideration, and it is remem-
bered that the church accommodation in free sittings, even in
the above imperfect manner, is only one in sixty of the popu-
lation which requires to be provided for, it will become evident
at once that the principal want of church-room which is ex-
perienced, is that of free sittings for the poor.

It never seems to have occurred to the good people of
fifty years ago that in a Parish Church, supported by a
rate paid by the whole parish, all the seats should be
free alike. And had they, in this instance, but realized
the sentiment of Herbert s — " All equal are within the
Church's gate," they would have been saved the
further cUfliculty contained in the folio whig passage : —

1 Since the wretched old pews, benches, and galleries have been
removed, the sitting accommodation has been increased nearly one
third.

Vol. hi. z

190 OSWESTRY ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY '

There is, however, a want, to a very considerable extent, of
accommodation for those persons of a superior class, whose
means enable them to rent sittings in pews. There is some
difficulty in drawing the line accurately which separates those
persons who would occupy pews from those who do not object
to sit in the aisles. It is found, however, upon enquiry, that
almost the whole of those who are rated at £4 a year to the
poors' rate (the rate being about half the real value) are of
that class which occupy pews. In endeavouring to ascertain,
therefore, to what extent additional church accommodation is
wanted in pews, this is the line which has been taken, and
those persons only have been applied to who are rated at £4
and upwards to the poors' rates.

Respectability, according to one code, means keeping
a gig ; here it was a £4 ratal. What the upshot of the
Appeal was will be stated in the history of Trinity
Church ; but does it not seem marvellous — this folly of
our ancestors, in ''classifying" worshippers in the
House of God ! Though, perhaps, another generation
will equally wonder at a state of affairs in our own day,
that could allow <£l 0,000 to be subscribed by the public
for the restoration of a parish church, and yet permit the
selfishness of a few to appropriate a goodly portion of
the best seats without an indignant protest.

Before I notice further attempts at alterations in the
Old Church, I may remark that the chief reason why
the gallery scheme was not carried out, was that " the
church was already too large for any clergyman to be
heard well in the distant parts of it, without an un-
usually" good voice, or very considerable exertion." It
was even stated that st very few clergymen could be
found who were capable of officiating there, for any
length of time, without feeling the ill effects of the ex-
ertion required to fill it."1

In 1847 the Church wardens were again in the
vicinity of the clock, and this time they recorded their
names thus : — "In 1847 this steeple (sic) was adorned :
Richard Salter, Thos. McKierriin, Thomas Humphreys,

1 This is not surprising', seeing that the church had two galleries
across the nave !

THE OLD CHURCH.

191

wardens/' What they accomplished — save writing up
their names, after the manner of their kind — I don't
know, unless the inscription referred to a new bell
(Fifth) which had been substituted during the previous
year for one that was cracked.

We have now come down to 1847, and the interior of
the church was then in this condition : — " The ground
plan consisted of chancel and nave, with north and south
aisles running the full length, and also a south chapel
extending from the great south-western tower to the
line of the old chancel. Alons: the whole of the west-
end, save the north aisle, ran a series of galleries [and
there was another gallery at the junction of chancel and
nave, where the rood loft had once stood, in which was
the organ and. choir.] The roof throughout was con-
cealed by a low round ceiling, and the arches, which
were very unshapely, had texts inscribed upon them.
The desk stood against the first pillar of the nave on
the north side, and the pulpit in a corresponding
position on the south.7' This is Mr. Thomas's descrip-
tion, and to it we must add, that part of the north-
chancel aisle was blocked up for the purposes of a
vestry, and that the east window of the chancel was
filled up by painted boards containing the Ten Com-
mandments, flanked on either side by Gog and Magog-
like painted figures, which were supposed to represent
Moses and Aaron. Also that hideous hi gk- backed
pews filled the building.

It will scarcely be necessary to go into details
showing the various and partial attempts at " restora-
tion" between the years 1847 and 1872. In 1854
public attention was called to the neglected state of
the churchyard, and a plan was suggested for enclosing
it with railings, and removing the '4 Summer-house " at
the top of the " Big Walk/' In 1855 " the removal
of the organ from its unsightly gallery," in front of the
chancel, was agreed upon. In 185G an attack was
made on the Pew System, but with no results ; — Vested
Interests proving too strong for lleason and Equity.

192

OSWESTRY ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY :

The churchwardens of 1857 were re-elected in 1858
because of the " improvements " they had effected, and,
during the same year the question of the propriety
of holding " Vestries " in the church was discussed. A
letter from the Vicar declared against the practice, and
at the same time there being a plan on foot to put up
a window to the memory of Mr. Venables, who had
died in India,1 it was suggested that the most available
window in which to place the memorial was that at the
east end of the north chancel aisle. The window fixed
upon was so blocked up by the vestry and surplice -
room that unless these obstructions could be removed
the labour of love would be frustrated. A resolution
was passed accepting the proposal of the Venables
family, and moving the destruction of the obstructions,
and Messrs. Longueville and Croxon were appointed a
deputation to wait on the relatives of the deceased
hero. At the same time it was also stated that the
Rev. John Parker had it in contemplation to place in
the south chancel aisle a memorial window to his late
father, Mr. Parker of Sweeney Hall. Up to this time
the chancel window (over which the lay rector had
control) remained blocked up, and it was urged that
Lord Powis be communicated with respecting his lord-
ship's intention with regard to that window, it being
understood his lordship intended to hand it over to the
parish. A deputation (also Messrs. Longueville and
Croxon) was appointed to wait on Lord Powis for the
purpose of stating the wishes of the parishioners in
regard to the two windows, and to ask his lordship's
intention about the east window. The windows were
all duly filled in with coloured glass, and the surplice-
room was removed due west, to a point near the tower,

1 Mr. Edward Arcnables, son of the late Mr. Lazarus Venables,
died in India during the mutiny of 1858, from wounds that he re-
ceived in an engagement. " Although a civilian, when circumstances
rendered it his duty to take up arms on behalf of his Queen and his
country, he did so, and distinguished himself in an extraordinary
manner." (Vide papers of the time.)

OSWESTRY OLD CHURCH INTERIOR PREVIOUS TO
RESTORATION.

TAKEN AFTER THE EAST WINDOW WAS CLEARED
AND THE ORGAN GALLERY REMOVED.

THE OLD CHURCH.

193

and into it were placed the figures popularly known as
" Moses and Aaron" and the " Ten Commandments"
boards, that until then disfigured the east window.1

We now come to the " Grand Restoration. " I use
this term for want of a better. There really was
nothing to " restore ; " but the old walls have had new
windows let into them, and inside has been erected an
entirely new church ; such an interior as could not well
be surpassed in any parish church in the kingdom.
Before I attempt any description of the revolution
effected I will, in short, state circumstances that led up
to it.

On the first of January, 1871, an important event
was made known to the parishioners of Oswestry, by
means of the folio whig letter : —

Mr. Salwey presents his compliments to the editor of the Advertizer,
and would feel much obliged to him if he would kindly find room in
Ins next issue for the accompanying letter.

To the Parishioners of Oswestry.

My Dear Friends, — I cannot allow the connection which has existed
between us for forty-eight years to be severed without expressing to you
my deep regret that for so many years I have been prevented from
labouring amongst you. But I have the satisfaction of having been
represented by many excellent curates, and their labours, if not my
own earlier ones, will be found I hope to bear much fruit — and by
none have I been helped more efficiently than by your present very
earnest minister, Mr. Cuthbert. To him, and to all of you who have
encouraged him under his labours, would I return my grateful thanks.
In parting from you I feel that 1 cannot express a better wish for you
than that the ministry of my successor may bo abundantly blessed
both for your spiritual and temporal good. — Your affectionate friend
and pastor,

Worthing, Dec. 30th, 1871. T. Salwey.

A very small proportion indeed of the Oswestry church-
goers remain who remember the advent of the lie v.
Thomas Salwey as our vicar in December, 1823, and
there are many of the younger ones amongst us who
have never heard his voice, or seen his face. To these
Mr. Cuthbert, so justly referred to in the vicars letter,

1 Our view of the Interior, previous to restoration, is copied from
a rough photograph taken after this window was cleared,

194 OSWESTRY ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY

had for years been the pastor, and almost all they knew
of Mr. Salwey was what their elders told them of his
earlier labours before his health failed and he was com-
pelled to leave the parish for more congenial climes.
It was with no little interest, therefore, that the fol-
lowing announcement, made soon after the publi-
cation of Mr. Salwey 's letter, was received by the
parishioners : — " We are authorized to state that the
living of Oswestry, vacant by the resignation of the
Rev. T. Salwey, has been offered to the Rev. William
Howell Evans, curate of Broughton, Hawarden, Flint-
shire, who has accepted it."

Soon after the Vicar's appointment, the question of
restoring the Parish Church was taken up with great
spirit by some of the parishioners. An estimate was
obtained from Mr. Street, who put the cost down
at .£7,586, but the inevitable " extras" were fully re-
cognized, nobody imagined that the work could be
completed for much less than «£l 0,000, and it may be
roundly stated that the amount did fully reach that
sum.

" About this time," says the Oswestry Advertizer, in
reporting the restoration movement, "the Earl of
Powis, who is the lay rector, did a generous thing,
which gave great satisfaction to the parish. His lord-
ship had recently relinquished tithes of the annual
value of £110 to augment the living of Trinity District,
which had been further enriched by a valuable grant
from the Ecclesiastical Commissioners, obtained through
the influence of the noble earl. He now came forward
and presented an addition of £1G0, in the shape of re-
linquished tithes, to the stipend of the Parish Church,
which before amounted to only i?440. Lord Powis had
also given ,£2,000 to purchase the Lymes as a vicarage ;
and in these and other ways, amongst which may be
mentioned the enrichment of the living of Trefonen, at
a cost of XI, 000, had munificently benefited the old
parish of Oswestry, and set an example which lay
rectors generally are too slow to follow."

THE OLD CHURCH. 195

From the report in the same paper, I also take the
following description of the way in which the £1 0,000
was expended, but only a personal inspection can cause
readers of this to realize the results obtained : —

Looking at the exterior as restored, and recalling its appearance
previously, the new features are — on the north side a partially
renewed transept gable with a handsome pointed window filled with
well designed tracery in place of the old ugly circular-headed window.
The aisle windows are simply renewed in the old style.

The west front shows a now doorway into the nave surmounted by
a new west window, the tracery of which is very cleverly designed,
and adapted to an opening, the proportions of which were necessarily
awkward to deal with. Here again the form of the window at the
end of the north aisle is preserved. It is simply enlarged and renewed
in the old style, and appears to many to constitute a great drawback
to the beauty of this elevation. But the most noticeable improve-
ment in this front is the altered proportion of the nave and aisles,
caused by the widening and raising of the former, and the general
alteration of the pitch of the roofs, which transforms what was a very
ugly elevation into a handsome one, and fully justifies Mr. Street's
treatment.

Approaching the south side we find two new gable windows filled
with tracery which is a vast improvement on that of the old ones, but
is not so admirable as the tracery of some of the other windows
designed by Mr. Street ; and on this side a handsome stone porch has
been built. On its outer archway are three niches containing figures
of our Lord, St. Mary, and St. Oswald, which were given by Mr. W.
F. Rogers. This porch, which was a striking feature in the original
plans, is somewhat of a disappointment in execution. There is a
flatness and want of shadow about it which detracts from the beauty
of some of its features, while from almost any point of view in per-
spective it does not seem to harmonize with the elevation. This
probably arises from its size and projection, which seem extreme for
a porch, especially as placed upon a gabled front, with which it does
not seem to group well. These are first impressions which may bear
modification, but they are strong ones. The east front is the one
most strictly preserved, and with the exception of repairs and finish-
ing of gables surmounted by stone finials, it has only one new window,
replacing the street door originally existing. This window is designed
to correspond with the other windows on the front.

On the south side of this front the now vestry has been built. This
always seemed to us a mistake, and the result strongly confirms all
that appeared objectionable at first view.

Coming to the interior it is almost difficult to compare or even con-
trast its present state with its former one. Entering the west door
we find a finely-proportioned nave terminated by a simple and chaste
but massive-pointed arch, opening into the chancel, and showing fully

19G OSWESTRY ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY

its coloured window at the east end. On either side are fine gothic
arcades, on light pillars of Bath stone, very neatly and consistently
designed and finished, supporting an open ceiling of massive dressed
and chamfered pitch pine, forming together a vista which could scarcely
have seemed possible of realization to any one familiar with the rude
pillars and arches now obliterated and pushed into oblivion almost as
though they had never existed. It is not until we look to the left
between the pillars and see the old window openings on the north side
as they were, that we can connect the past and the present, and feel
that we are standing in the old parish church of Oswestry, and appre-
ciate the very remarkable transformation it has undergone. Mr.
Street has evidently concentrated his efforts here, and has succeeded
to a marvel.

Turning aside into the north aisle a feeling of dissatisfaction arises.
Instead of another such vista, the view into the chancel is obstructed
by an arcade crossing the north aisle, where it joins the transept, and
again obstructed by a pillar on the other side of the transept dividing
the north chancel arch, and obstructions to sound as well as to sight
are suggested, which it is to be hoped may not be realized. Passing
on into and down the transept, and looking from the south end towards
the handsome north window, we find realized a regret which we ex-
pressed on noticing the adopted plans. As then suggested, a series
of pillars placed down the centre of the transept in the original plans
had been removed, but transept arches had simply been widened and
proportionately depressed. Thus depressed they form a heavy curtain
hiding the upper part of the north window and detracting very much
from the view along the transept which we had hoped might have
formed a vista almost as imposing as that of the nave itself.

The treatment of the other south transept and half transept against
the tower has been judicious and admirable.

In the chancel and chancel aisles the main improvements consist of
oak-paneled ceilings replacing the old plaster ones, and splendid
marble and encaustic floors increasing in richness and beauty as the
altar is approached.

Handsome oak open screens also fill three arches on each side of
the chancel, and there are oak choir stalls, the whole being divided
from the nave by a low stone screen.

The pulpit is executed in Caen stone, with traceried panels of carved
work, and is the gift of Mrs. Howell of Tenby. The font, which is,
appropriately, a children's gift, several of them having collected for it,
at the suggestion of Mr. Swete, has been executed by Mr. Earp, of
London. It has sculptures on its sides of the four Evangelists.

The lectern, which is of oak, was given by Mrs. Evans (mother of
the Rev. Howell Evans), and is in memory of the Rev. Hugh Gwynno
Evans, late rector of Standishall, Suffolk.

Two handsome brass standards, with marble bases, for lighting the
east end of the chancel, have been presented by Mr. A. C. Arkwright,
who has also given two carved oak vestry prosses, wo believe his own
work.

THE OLD CHURCH.

197

The foregoing description was written in 1872, just
after the restorations were accomplished. Since then
the Vicar has added much to the beauty of the chancel,
and in the month of May, 1879, curiosity was awakened
by a startling announcement that " A. B.;; had de-
posited JC700 in the bank for the purpose of " raising
the east window." Of course, this means an extensive
alteration in the pitch of the roof, &c, and it also
means a Eeredos, plans for which have been submitted
to a vestry and approved.

The Tower is the only portion of the Church that has
remained untouched during the restorations ; and this is
well, for few v ould care to see it stripped of its ivy,
and its rugged appearance destroyed by pointing and
patching. Early in the century our elders remember a
tree growing out of one of its sides removed, and a
comparison of the engravings in Price's History, 1815,
and Mr. Parkes' picture, IS 03, will shew that between
these dates the heavy pinnacles were replaced by
lighter ones.1

Having very slightly sketched the ancient and
modern history of the church, I will now give some
details connected with the lives of the vicars and
curates, with dates of appointment :—

1223. Philip FITZ LEOFTH.

1258. Sir YTIIEL.

1269. Walter HANGMERE.2

1531 David OWEN, who was rector of Whittington, 1532, and
prebendary of Meivod, 1531. He was instituted by Bishop Standish.

1537. Peter BRER ETON. Instituted by Bishop Warton.

1552. J. PRICE, L.L.B. (Bishop Warton). Presented to the
living by the Earl of Arundel (according to Willis) who also says he
was prebendary of Meivod, chancellor of diocese, 1559. Mr.

Thomas places him also rector of Whittington, 1553, as " John Ap
Pvice." Mr. Price was a connection of the Stanneys, a prominent
family in old Oswestry history. In the wills of some of them he is

Q) These alterations will also be seen in an engraving in the 1S74 Vol. of
the Collections of the Powys-land Club, illustrating a paper on the " Monu-
ments in Oswestry Church," by Mr. Stanley Leighton, M.P.

2 These are given by Mr. By toil, and then conies a gap of three centuries
before Browne Willis begins to record any names.

Vol. hi. aa

198

OSWESTRY ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY :

described as c< Cosing John price, person of Whitton," and to one of
these wills he is a witness. In the Corporation Records of 1565-0, he
and " John Lloyd, liftenant," share with the bailiffs the responsibility
of taking care of the Borough Charters; (see Bye-gones, 1878-9, pp.
103 and 185); the only instance, as far as I know, where the bailiffs
have not been solely the custodians of Corporation documents.

1583, William OWEN. Presented by Earl of Arundel, and in-
stituted by Bishop Hughes. The Rev. R. Williams, in his Eminent
Welshmen, says of Air. Owen, " or William Lleyn," the name by which
he was known, " A very eminent poet, born about the year 1540, at
Llangian, in Lleyn, Carnarvonshire. According to tradition he was
an illegitimate son of one of the Griffiths of Cevnamwlch, by whom he
was educated for the church. He was instructed in Welsh prosody
by the celebrated poet Griffith Hiraethog, who entertained the highest
opinion of his abilities, and he was a fellow-pupil of Simwnt Vychan,
William Cynwal, and Sion Tudyr. William Lleyn excelled all the
bards of his time in sublimity of thought and poetic fire, and he was
admired for the sprightliness of his wit. His compositions also con-
tain many grave sentences, and maxims of policy and wisdom. He
had a poetical contest with Owen Gwynedd, a contemporary bard,
which, with above forty other poetical pieces is still extant, and has
never been published. Edmund Prys, the learned archdeacon of
Merioneth, received some assistance and advice from him in his poet-
ical compositions. W7illiam Owen, which was his proper name, wTas
appointed Vicar of Oswestry in 1583, and died 1587. Rhys Cain
wrote an elegy on his death, which is still preserved in manuscript."

1587. William HORTON (Bishop Hughes). Presented to the
living by the Queen, According to Mr. Thomas he was also rector of
Selattyn in 1588 ; " on deprivation of Topperley."

1588. Thomas SOMERFIELD. (Bishop Hughes.) This name
I take from Browne Willis, and it has been copied into Price's and
Cathrall's Histories of Oswestry The Rev, D. R. Thomas does not
give it.

1591, J, BAGSHAW. (Bishop Hughes.) He was rector of
Whittington, 15S8.

1599. William MORGAN. (Bishop Hughes.) Willis gives him
as vicar of Pool, 1575 ; Mr. Thomas as vicar of Llanrhaiadr-yn-
Mochnant, 1578, "where he translated the Bible into Welsh;"
Bishop of Llandaff, 1595 , translated to St, Asaph 1601. The Rev.
R. Williams says Dr. Morgan was born at Gwibcrnant, in the parish
of Penmachno, Carnarvonshire. His father was John Morgan of
that place, and his mother Lowry, the daughter of William ab
John ab Madog ab Evan Tegid of Bettws. He was educated at
St. John's College, Cambridge, and his first preferment was the
vicarage of Welshpool. After three years' residence in that place,
he was removed to the Vicarage of Llanrhaiadr-yn-Mochnant, Den-
bighshire, where ho finished his great undertaking of translating the
Bible into the Welsh language. This was not the first translation

THE OLD CHURCH.

199

that had been made, that called " Salesbury's Translation'' of the
New Testament appearing in 1567. About the year 1587, Morgan
spent some time in London getting his translation through the press,
and this was published in 1588. In the same year he was presented
to the rectory of Llanfyllin, and also to the sinecure rectory of
Pennant Melangell ; and in 1594 the sinecure rectory of Denbigh
was added to his other preferments. His skill and learning raised
him to the bishopric of LlandafF in 1595, and in 1601 he was trans-
lated to St. Asaph. As he was vicar of Oswestry, 1599 — 1602,
during the same period as that of bishop, we presume he did his
Oswestry work by deputy. Dr. Morgan's correspondence with Sir
John Wynn of Gwydir is interesting,1 and exhibits much firmness
on the part of the bishop with the crafty old baronet, who, on the
strength of having been a patron of Morgan, demanded from the
bishop a lease of Llanrwst Church. Dr. Morgan died in 1601, and
was buried at St. Asaph.

1602. Richard PIGOT. Instituted by Bishop Morgan, his
predecessor in office. Mr. Thomas places him as Rector of Llandegla,
1597 ; Vicar of Llangernyw, 1606 ; Vicar of Llanrwst, 1609 ; Vicar
of Denbigh, 1614 ; Rector of Llanwrin, 1624.

1603. Nathaniel TATTERSAL (or " Petersall " according to
Willis). (Bishop Morgan,) Stated by Willis to have been " deprived."

1612. Richard MUCKLESTON. Instituted by Bishop Parry.
In Browne Willis, copied by our local historians, the name is spelt
" Myckleston." Mr. Thomas says he was vicar of Llansilin, 1615.

1624. John KYFFIN. B.D. (Bishop Hanmer). Mr. Thomas gives
his other preferments as follows : — Vic. Cho., 1620 ; Vicar of Llan-
silin, 1G25 ; Prebendary Meliden, 1628 ; Rector Manafon, 1635 ; of
which he was deprived by Parliamentary sequestrators. He resigned
the Head Mastership of the Grammar School when he was appointed
Vicar,

1639. Humphrey WYNN, A.M. Instituted by Bishop Owen.
Mr. Thomas adds in a note to this name, " Deprived by the seques-
trators, but lived to be restored. He was uncle to Bishop Hum-
phreys of Hereford, who was educated here under his care, he being
also a master of the school." Humphrey Wynn was a younger son of
the Wynns of Cesailgyfarch, in Carnarvonshire.

1650. Rowland NEVET, A.M., or JSievett. Browne Willis omits
the appointment of clergymen during the Commonwealth altogether,
and so passes over Mr. Nevett in silence. Mr. Thomas says of him
" Episcopally ordained. Vicar of Staunton, Shropshire. Adopted
the views of the Congrcgationalists or Independents, and was ap-
pointed one of the Committee of Approvers under the Commonwealth.
Ejected in 1662 ; died in 1675 ; buried at Morton Chapel," He was
a truly good man, and a resident vicar. His appointment was so

1 See " Memorials" in History of the Gwydir Family, published by
Woodall and Venablcs, Oswestry, in 1878.

200 OSWESTRY ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY

far recognized as valid, that he would not have been ejected had he
submitted to the conditions of the Act of Uniformity : and as he had
been episcopal ly ordained, these conditions would have been easier in
his case than in others. His life, and its results, will be more appro-
priately sketched in the history of the " Old Chapel."

1662. Humphrey WYNN, A.M„ returned to his living after the
ejection of Rowland Nevet.

1664. Richard EDWARDS, instituted by Griffith, the first bishop
after the Restoration. Mr. Thomas has no note in connection with
this appointment, but a brass is still preserved to the memory of Mr.
Edwards, which formerly had a place against " a south pillar," (as
stated in the Gents* Mag. in 1810), but which seems to have been
removed before Price published his history. The inscription on it is
as follows : — " The body of Svanna ye wife of Richard Edwards vicar
of the parish davghter of Iohn Parry of Llanbeder in the covnty of
Denbigh Esqr was here intered the 13th day of Ivne 1668. Here
alsoe the body of her hvsband Richard Edwards vicar of Oswestry son
of Robert Edwards of Rhyd y Croese in the parish of Llansilin in the
covnty of Denbigh gent was in terred the 24th of Ivne 1680 the
memorie of the Ivst is Blessed Pro x 7 " In the Brit. Mus. MSS.
(Pennant's Pedigrees, add. MSS., 9864, fol. 10), mention is made of
Mr. Edwards as " Vicar of Llanfair, Dyffryn Clwyd, and afterwards
Vicar of Oswestry," and he is stated to have been connected with the
Thelwalls of Bathavarn, Mr. Edwards was a friend of Philip Henry's.
In the life of the latter the writer says, " He hath often said how
pleased he was, when, after he had preached a lecture at Oswestry,
he went to visit the minister of the place, Mr. Edwards, a worthy
good man, and told him he had been sowing a handful of seed among
his people, and had this answer, — ' That's well ; the Lord prosper
your seed and mine too, there is need enough of us both.' " The fol-
lowing reference also to him appears in Philip Henry's Diary; " These
two days brought tidings of the death of Mr. Haines, sometime
minister of Wem, Shropshire, . . and of Mr. Richard Edivards,
minister of Oswestry, both worthy conformists, pious, peaceable, and
good men, whom I hope, through grace, to meet shortly in heaven."

1680. Richard JOXES, A.M., instituted by Bishop Lloyd. Mr.
Thomas also gives Mr. Jones as S. R. Darowen, 1684.

1690. Samuel WILSON, A.M. (Bishop Lloyd).

1694. Archibald GUILD. Instituted by Bishop Jones (who
succeeded Lloyd). In an old MS. it is stated that Mr. Guild was re-
commended for appointment by the Corporation of Oswestry, the
following being the extract from the Corporation records, dated Dec.
15, 1691 : — " At the assembly then held, it was unanimously agreed
by the whole house to recommend Mr. Guild to the Right Honble.
William Earl of Craven, to succeed Mr. Wilson as vicar of this town
and parish of Oswestry."1 At that period Lord Craven — uncle of the

1 In the list of Head Masters of the Grammar School the appointment of
"Andrew Guild" appears at the same date; doubtless the same man. The

THE OLD CHURCH.

201

first Marquis of Powis-— was patron of the living.

1697. Thomas JONES (Bishop Jones). Mr. Jones was also Head
Master of the Grammar School.

1707. Thomas OWEN. Instituted by Bishop Beveridge. Willis
speaks of him as Vicar of Bettws in Caedewen, and Mr. Thomas as S.
R. Darowen, 1707, and he gives a " Thomas Owen" under the head-
ing of Bettws, as vicar there in 1735, and also as master of the school
at Berriew; but he does not connect him with Thomas Owen, vicar
of Oswestry. It was in Mr. Owen's time, and at his cost, I believe,
that the elm-trees were planted in Oswestry churchyard.

1718. Edward PARRY, A.M. Instituted by Bishop Fleetwood.
S. R. Darowen, 1720 ; Canon, 1722.

1736. Thomas TREVOR, A.M. , instituted by Bishop Tanner. Mr.
Thomas adds, " Of Bodynfol ; Vicar of Ruabon, 1770." By the auto-
biography of the Rev. Thomas Jones of Creaton, a curate in Oswestry,
1782, in Mr. Trevor's time, it appears that the vicar resided at his
other vicarage — Rhuabon. There is a tablet in our church to Mr.
Trevor's memory, with this inscription : — " Sacred to the memory of
Thomas Trevor, clerk, M.A., son of Roger Trevor, of Bodynfol, in the
county of Montgomery, Esq., vicar of this parish, 50, and of Ruabon
15 years : chaplain to Sir W. Williams Wynne, baronet ; and one of
His Majesty's Justices of the Peace for the counties of Salop and
Denbigh, who died the 29th of February, 1784, aged 76. Of man-
ners unaffected, he performed the services of the church with a
peculiar grace ; and by a propriety of elocution, attracted the atten-
tion, and raised the devotion of his hearers, He was an active and
upright magistrate, tender husband, kind relation, and steady friend.
He married twice — first Elizabeth, daup;hter of Edward Maurice of
Trefedrhyd, in the county of Montgomery, Esq., 11th June, 1762 ;
afterwards Anne, daughter of Gabriel Wynne of Dolarddyn, Esq., and
relict of George Robinson of Brithdir, Esq., both in the county of
Montgomery, who survived."

1784. Turner EDAVARDS, M.A., instituted by Bishop Shipley.
Mr. Thomas describes him as of Talgarth, and vicar of Llansilin, 1802.
Tablets near the Communion Table in the church, previously to the
late restoration, recorded the death of Mr. Edwards and wife, as
follows : — " Sacred to the memory of the Rev. Turner Edwards,
L.L.B., vicar of this parish, and of Llansilin, in the county of Den-
bigh ; rural dean of Marchia, in the diocese of St. Asaph ; and one of
His Majesty's Justices of the Peace for the County of Salop: he de-
partedj this life on the 10th of January, 1803, aged 41, leaving an
afflicted widow, with five children, to deplore his untimely loss. Also
underneath lie the remains of Sarah, relict of the above Rev. Turner
Edwards, and second daughter of the late William Birch Basnett, Esq.;
she departed this life on the 16th December, 1814, aged 52. This

Corporation had only a few years before lost their right to appoint masters ;
the appointment feeing vested in the Bishop; but possibly they " recom-
mended " to both offices.

202

OSWESTRY ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY

monument, a slender token of duty and affection, was erected by their
surviving children, Turner, John, William, James, and Mary Anne.''
Mr. James Edwards, mentioned here, of The doughs, Staffordshire,
and Brook Street, Oswestry, died May 6, 1872, shortly before the
restoration of the church commenced, and was a donor of £500 to the
work. He was buried in the family vault, beneath the north chancel
aisle. The Edwardses were connections of the late Sir John Edwards
of Bodfach — father to the Marchioness of Londonderry. The Rev.
Turner Edwards was the only vicar of Oswestry who ever rilled the
office of Mayor, he being appointed to that office in 1793. Two years
earlier he presented the Corporation with two silver drinking cups.
His son, the Rev. Turner Edwards (vicar of Kinnerley, 1834), was
mayor of Oswestry in 1S26, and the other son, Mr. James Edwards,
whose recent death I have just mentioned, was the last mayor (1834)
before the passing of the Municipal Reform Act.

1803. Daniel GRIFFITHS. In Bishop Horsley's time. Mr.
Griffiths married the widow of Mr. Wynne, a former curate, and, after
Mr. Griffiths's death, she became the wife of Mr. Tozer.1

1808. J. W. BOURKE, A.M. (Bishop Cleaver). Mr. Bourke was
appointed vicar of St. Martins, 1803, Mr. Thomas states that Mr.
Bourke, in 1819, <{ improved " the vicarage house of St. Martins that
had been built, 1730, by the vicar of the period, Stephen Parry. I
believe he chiefly resided at St. Martins, and during part of the
time that he was our vicar the Rev. John Russell, afterwards Rector
of Llandrinio, was the curate in charge at Oswestry. After Mr.
Bourke's death his widow came to Oswestry, and resided at Plas-
wilmot. Mr. Bourke, as we are informed by an old diary, took pos-
session of his Oswestry living on the 16th April, 1808.

1825. Thomas SALWEY, B.D. (Bishop Luxmoore), presented to
the living by the father of the present Earl of Powis. Mr. Thomas
describes our late vicar as of " St. John's, Cambridge, Senior Opt.,
1815 ; Fellow; S. R. St. Florence, diocese St. David, 1828. Author
of Sermons on The Duties of the Christian Magistrate, 1825 ; Duties
and Privileges of Baptism, 1830/ Gospel Hymns, 1847. Resigned
this cure in 1871, after several years of non residence through ill-
health." Mr. Salwey's poetic talent was not confined to his Gospel
Hymns ; we find in Oswald's Well magazine some lines from his pen ;
notably a poem on " Christmas in Madeira." This was written in
1847, at which time he was abroad for the benefit of his health. Mr.
Salwey was an accomplished botanist, and contributed a valuable

1 This lady seems to have had a strong affection for her maiden name—
Aubrey. When Mr. Wynne died she resumed it, and was known as Mrs.
Wynne-Aubrey. When .Mr. Critliths died she again resumed it, as Mrs.
Griffiths-Aubrey. Lastly, when she married Mr. Tozer she made him take
the name, and (as will be seen further on, when some account is given of the
monuments in the church), as Mr. Aubrey, he became a very active magis-
trate in Oswestry. The Aubreys resided at Brooinhall, formerly the residence
of the Rasnett family, who were connections of the Rev. Turner Edwards,
vicar, 1784-1803.

THE OLD CHURCH.

203

paper on the botany of Oswestry to Cathrali's History, also on the
Botany of Barmouth, to a Merionethshire Guide Book. He also con-
tributed some papers on the Lichens of Shropshire and the Channel
Islands to the Transactions of the Edinburgh Botanical Society. Mr.
Salwey died at Worthing on the 3rd of December, 1877, at the ripe
age of 86 years.

1871-2, William Howell EVANS, M.A. (Bishop Hughes).
Presented to the living by the Earl of Powis. Mr. Thomas thus
describes the present Vicar : — " Jesus College, Oxford; Deac. 1858;
Pr. 1859 ; Curate of Frating-with-Thorington, dioc. Rochester, 1858 ;
c. Llandyssil, 1861 ; P.C. St. Mary's, Hawarden, 1870. " The local
papers of July, 1872, recorded a presentation to Mr. Howell Evans,
from the parishioners of Broughton (a chapelry of Hawarden) of
which parish he had been incumbent for two years. Tn the report it
was stated that Mr. Evans " was beloved by all, both Churchmen
and Nonconformists, and all alike joined with the greatest willingness
in contributing to the testimonial." Mr. Evans's name will be re-
membered to all time in Oswestry Church History as the Vicar who
materially helped to restore both the name and fabric of St. Oswald's.

It would be utterly impossible to attempt any list of
curates, nor would such a list be of sufficient interest to
warrant my doing so if I could. But the names of a
few may, with propriety, be introduced.

Goronwy OWEN, M.A., described by the Rev. Robert Williams,
in his Eminent Welshmen, as " one of the greatest poets among the
Welsh," was curate here for three years, and was married during his
residence in Oswestry. The marriage register of 1747 states that he
married Ellinor Hughes, at Selattyn, on the 19th of August in that
year. " Goronwy Ddu o Eon," as he was called, through the liber-
ality of Mr. Edward Wynne of Bodewyrd, was enabled to go to
Oxford in 1741, and he there graduated at Jesus College. He seems
to have been a most unfortunate man, but, we fear, from what Canon
Williams says, that the cause of his troubles was intemperance. He
was " an excellent classical scholar, and was acquainted with Hebrew
and Chaldee, and as a Welsh poet lie ranks among the first. His
Cywydd y Varn, and other compositions, are deservedly admired for
their poetical beauties." Being unable to get preferment at home,
he emigrated, and the last that seems to bave been heard of him was
in 1770, and he was then in America, and in 1 70S, some of his Welsh
admirers wrote to his son, also in America, to obtain some information
about the bard of whom they were so proud, and the son wrote back
to ask who was to pay him for making enquiries !

Thomas JONES. In his autobiography this worthy man — who
became a famous " Evangelical," and was well known as " Jones of
Creaton " — gives somo vivid descriptions of his life in O.swestry. Ho
camo to Oswestry in July, 1781, and left in January, 1782, and,
whilst lie was here, seems to have offended some of the more in-

Vol. hi. ab

204

OSWESTRY ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY :

fluential parishioners by his Mcthodistical tendcucies. He has left
this record of the evil ways of our grandfathers, as he experienced
them during his two- years of office : — <; A true Christian in Oswestry
was like a spark in the ocean !" I hope to give some further references
to him in the history of the Old Chapel, founded by Mr. Nevet in
1G62,

George CUTHBERT, B.A. For some years the cares of the parish
devolved upon curates, and this generation will remember, first,
the Rev. J. E. White, next, the Rev. Francis King, then the Rev.
LI. Wynne Jones, and chiefly Mr. Cuthbert, as ministers.1 Mr.
Cuthbert was educated at Trin. Coll., Dublin ; Deacon and Priest in
1839 ; became junior curate of Oswestry in 1853, having removed to
this place from Weni, where his name is still honoured as a faithful
pastor. When Mr. LI. Wynne Jones was appointed rector of Connah's
Qua}7, in I860,2 Mr. Cuthbert became the senior curate of Oswestiy,
and from that time to the end of 1871 was to all intents and pur-
poses— as far as the parishioners were concerned — the vicar of
Oswestry. When it was known, in October, 1873, that he was pro-
moted to the rectory of Aberhafesp, a subscription was most promptly
and liberally set on foot to present him with some substantial token
of the esteem in which all classes — and all creeds — held him in
Oswestry. The presentation took place on the loth of January,
1874, the Mayor (Mr. C. W. Owen) presiding. Mr, Longueville,
being commissioned by his fellow-townsmen to do so, made the pre-
sentation, which consisted of a clock and a purse of £750. Another
presentation to Mr. Cuthbert was made by the Trinity Branch of the
Church of England Young Men's Society, on the 9th January, and he
left Oswestry with the hearty good wishes of every man in the town
for his future welfare.

Very little now remains to be done in recording our
Old Church history. I have alluded to one or two
monuments, and perhaps it will be well to enumerate the
more prominent ones, although it may be advisable at
at some future time to give a complete list. That to
Alderman Yale has been mentioned, and those of sundry
of the vicars. In 1836 a tablet was erected to the

1 In 1837 a purse of Fifty Guineas was presented to the Rev. J. E. White,
raised by subscription amongst the parishioners, "as a token of their grati-
tude to him for the faithful and zealous discharge of his duties as a Christian
minister." In 1853 an Inkstand, and a purse £100, was presented to the
Rev. F. King on Ms removal to Ireland. In 1S5G, on the occasion of the
marriage of the llev. Wynne Jones, some of the leading parishioners, to
commemorate the event, invited all the children of the various Church
schools to a tea in the Powis Hall (which was gaily decorated), and after tea
700 presents were distributed from half-a-dozen " Christmas Trees."

2 The Rev. Wynne Jones afterwards removed to Llaiiliwchaiarn, and in
1S80 was ottered, and accepted, the living of Chirk, near Oswestry. In con-
sequence of this change, Mr. Cuthbert was offered LlauilwehaiaVii.

THE OLD CHURCH.

205

memory of Charles Penson, which bears the following
words, " Although nearly blind, he was an honoured in-
strument in God s hand in turning many from darkness to
light. His life was spent in an active course of Christian
benevolence.'' We do not always look for unvarnished
truth on a gravestone, nevertheless, the foregoing was
true to the letter, and the conduct of the Oswestrians
at Mr. Penson s funeral amply justified the words on
the monument. It was estimated that " Two thousand
persons joined the funeral procession ; amongst whom
were sixteen clergymen, lour Nonconformist ministers,
and other representatives of Christian churches."

A monument was erected in 1844 by some of the old
pupils of the Grammar School, to their master, Dr.
Donne. " The Rev. James Donne, M.A., one of the
Minor Canons of Chester," was appointed to the
mastership in 1796, and he held the office up to 1833.
In 1798 he was also appointed vicar of Llanyblodwel.
Dr. Donne was mayor of Oswestry in 1805, and was an
active man in town matters.

A tablet was placed on one of the walls in 1852, to
the memory of Captain Owen Ormsby Gore, who was
killed in the CafFre War. This was erected by his
brother officers. The record of the death of this gallant
neighbour was thus recorded in a single line of the
Times, of May 31, that year: — "Killed at the head
of his company, leading them on with the utmost
gallantry."

Another monument, to a man for many years inti-
mately connected with the public interests of the town,
is that to the memory of Mr. Aubrey. Mr. Henry Pincen
Tozer, who afterwards took the name of Aubrey, first
came to Oswestry in charge of the French prisoners,
nearly 300 in number, who were on parole from 1811
to 1814. Mr. Aubrey remained and became one of the
most constant and active magistrates for the borough.
He died at Broomhall in 1 S i 8. In the churchyard there
are several of the French prisoners buried, but I have
not of late years been able to find monuments to more

206 OSWESTRY ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY :

than four of them — Baron Sandoncq, Fagost, Claisse,
and Duvine — although I believe there were at least
three more stones inscribed with their names, existing
earlier in the century.

One or two of the stained windows have been in-
cidentally mentioned. The list complete, comprises the
following : — the East Window, filled in with coloured
glass by Clayton and Bell, in 18G1, by the direction of
the lay patron, the Earl of Powis ; one at the east end
of the north chancel aisle, to the memory of Mr. E. F.
Venables, put up in 1861, by Messrs. Pilkington, at the
expense of several of his friends in India ; one in the
south chancel aisle (the glass by Evans of Shrewsbury),
to the memory of the late Thomas Netherton Parker,
Esq., of Sweeney Hall, by his son, the late Rev. John
Parker of Llanyblodwel ; one on the north side, in
memory of Miss Jones of Brook Street, placed there in
1854, by her brother, the late Mr. Thomas Jones ; one
memorializing the Rev. Turner Edwards (son of a former
vicar), Vicar of Kinnerley, erected in 1852 ; and three
windows, filled with coloured glass since the " Resto-
ration," to the memory, respectively, of the late Baron
Harlech, Mr. Edward Williams, and Mr. Richard Jones
Croxon.1

The inscriptions on the bells of the Church of St.
Oswald are as follows : —

1st— John Rudhall, Gloucester, Feet,, 1809.
2nd— A. R., 1717.
3rd— A. R., 1717.

4th — Prosperity to all our benefactors. A. R., 1717.
5th— C. and G. Mears, Founders, London, 1816.
Gth — Abra. Rudhall, of Gloucester, Bell-founder, 1717.
7th— Jno. Dawson, Richd. Trow, Jno. Rogers, Ch. Wardens, A. R.,
1747.

8th- -God save the Church.

Edwd. Parry, vicar ; Richd, Lloyd, Esq., Richard Owen,
Gat., Humphrey Kinnaston, Gat.-, Nathaniel Pricj, Gnt.,
Church Wardens. Anno Dom. 1717,

1 To describe the monuments in the Church and Churchyard would
be to extend this paper to an undue length, but they may, fittingly,
form the subject of a separate article.

THE OLD CHURCH.

207

From this it may be inferred that probably a complete
peal was supplied in 1717, by Abraham Rudhall, and
that the same maker supplied a new 7th in 1747.
Another Rudhall was employed for a new 1st in 1809 ;
and in in 1846, through the exertions of the late Mr.
Charles Sabine, I believe, Mears hung a new 5th to
supply the place of one that was cracked. The
peal is considered a light one, and the frame- work
is so dilapidated that it is impossible properly to ring
the bells. A subscription has recently (1879) been
entered into for re-hanging them, and <£300 has been
collected for the purpose. There are no directions to
ringers in the " Rope Room," — in prose or verse —
telling them how they must behave, as there are in the
bell-ringing rooms of more comfortably i( adorned"
towers. There are two old boards on the walls, on the
smaller of which is written as follows : —

March, 1785 : Holt's peal of Grandsire Tripples, containing 5040
changes, was rung by the Anacreontic Society in 3 hours 15 minutes;
Owen Owen 1st treble, Wm. Evans 2nd, J. Williams 3rd, J. Price
4th, Robert Salter 5th (B caller), Thomas Price 6th, B. Lloyd 7th,
J. Howell 8th, tenor.

On the larger board is painted : —

Memorandum. The whole peal of tripplers being 5010 changes
was rung by ye inhabitants of ye town in 3 hrs. 86 min. on ye 3rd
day of May 1731 : viz : — Thomas Edwards 1st, Richard Kitchener 2nd,
John Lloyd 3rd, Charles Jones, 4th, Nathn. Burton 5th (Bob caller),
John Evancc 6th, John Price 7th, Richard Tomley 8th.

A Terrier of 1791, when the Rev. Turner Edwards
was Vicar, is worth preserving for its quaintness ;
moreover it gives a good deal of information. It runs
as follows : —

A True Terrier Q) of all the Glebe Lands, Messuages, Tene-
ments, Tythes, Portions of Tythes, and other Rights belonging

(J) This Terrier has not, so far as I am aware, been previously
published. The one of 1 685, referred to on an earlier page, was
privately printed in 1813, " with remarks," by the late T. N.
Parker, Esq., of Sweeney Hall. These remarks arc chieily objections
M to the alleged custom of tithing pigs according to the Terrier." The
Terrier of 1685 is also given in Price's History of Oswestry.

208 OSWESTRY ECCLESIASTICAL HISTOKY :

to the Vicarage and Parish Church of Oswestry, in the county
of Salop and diocese of St. Asaph, now in the use and posses-
sion of the Reverend Turner Edwards, Vicar there, or his
tenants, taken made and renewed according to the old evidences
and the knowledge of the antient inhabitants at a vestry holden
this 8th day of July 1791 pursuant to due and legal notice
given in church on Sunday last for that purpose and exhibited
in the Primary Visitation of the Right Rev. Father in God
Lewis Lord Bishop of Saint Asaph, held at Oswestry aforesaid
the 14th day of July in the year of our Lord 1791 : — A piece
or parcel of land containing la 14p lately given in exchange
by Robert Lloyd esq, for a piece or parcel of Glebe land called
the Vicarage Croft containing 3r. and no more which said first-
mentioned piece of land adjoins on the south side and west
end thereof to a certain high road or way leading from the
Alcove or Summer House at the upper end of the Great Walk
in the Church yard, towards the upper end of Willow st. and
adjoining on the North side thereof to a parcel of land
belonging to Miss Barretts called Cae Glas and on the lower or
east end thereof to the west or upper end of the said land
formerly Glebe given in exchange to the said Robert Lloyd as
aforesaid. Which said Glebe land was formerly in two little
plats of ground with a pool between them, on the one of which
formerly stood a Vicarage house which was burnt down in
1644 or thereabouts when part of the church was pulled down
and many buildings were burnt on account of a siege laid to
the town being then a garrison, — on the present glebe land are
7 ash and I beech trees valued 15 guineas. The Churchyard
contains 2a. of land or thereabouts the walls and gates whereof
are fenced and made at the costs and charges of the parish in
general whereon are 25 lime trees and 5 elm trees valued at £35.
To the said piece of Glebe land there is a right of common on
the wastes within the liberties of Oswestry All tythes both
praxliae and personal and ceclesiastical duties due and payable
m the parish of Oswestry aforesaid except in the townships of
Trefonncn and Pentregaer as hereinafter mentioned belonging
to the Vicarage of the same, excepting only the Great Tythes
of Hay and Corn which belong to the Impropriator of the said
parish (the Play and Corn of the township or Trefonnen in the
said excepted which belongs to the Rectory of Llansilin parish)
From Trefonnen township there belongs to the Vicarage of
Oswestry three fifths of the Easter duties and the third part of
wool and lamb and the vicarial tythes, and under Coedygacr
in the township of Pentregaer there are no duties paid to the
Vicarago of Oswestry, but the moiety or one half part of the

THE OLD CHURCH.

209

wool and lamb, and other Vicarial tythes. The Vicar of Llansilin
receives their Easter duties and the two-fifths of Easter duties
in Trefonnen and the remainder of wool and lamb and other
vicarial tythes in each of them. The third part of the tythe
wool and lamb, and other small tythes as geese, pigs, honey,
hemp, and flax, and such like growing and accruing every
year from a township in the parish of Llanyblodwel in the
county of Salop and diocese of Saint Asaph called Llynkliss
belong to the Vicarage of Oswestry aforesaid. Mortuaries
according to the statute in that behalf made. — All tradesmen
are to pay 4d. for their hand once a year — Bequests, James
Phillips Esq left houses in 3 Crown Court, Southwark, to the
Mayor and Aldermen of Shrewsbury in trust to maintain out
of the rents and profits a lecture to be kept and sermon
preached in the garish churches of Whitchurch, Ellesmere,
and Oswestry and in the town of Shrewsbury on the Thursday
in every week for ever — and to pay out the remainder of the
rents and profits in gowns or cloth for an equal number of the
poor people of the said parishes to be distributed upon or near
to the feast of Saint Simon and Saint Jude in every year. Ten
pounds a year is now paid out of this bequest to the Minister
of Oswestry. Richard Edwards of Trefonnen gentleman
charged his estate with the payment of Cs 8d annually
for a Welsh sermon on Christmas day. William Gough
gentleman charged his estate in Treliach with the pay-
ment of Gs. Sd annually for an English sermon on St.

Stephen's day Yale gentleman charged Tynyfy-

nant and Gardbullan with the payment of Gs. 8d. annually

for a Welsh sermon on New Year's day Morris

and Gwen his wife charged by deed their estate in Crick-
heath with the payment of Is. a year to the minister of
Oswestry. — Fees to the Minister for Churching 10d., for pub-
lished banns Is. for marrying by banns 2s. 6cL, for marrying
by Licence 5s. For burying in the Church or Churchyard
Is. 4d. No grave can be opened in the Chancel or in ° the
body of the church without his leave. The ground-ffee for
burying in the middle chancel is 7s. Od. and belongs to the
rector who repairs the same. The ground-ffee for burying in
the other two chancels is Gs. Sd. and belongs to the parish who
repairs the same. The ground free for burying in the body of the
church is 2s. and belongs to the parish who repair the same with
the steeple and the rest ot the edifice. Fees and wages to the
Clerk by custom Twelve Guineas per annum, and Two Guineas
per annum, as vestry clerk, paid by parish. For Churching, Gd.
Wedding, by banns, 2s. Wedding, by licence, 2s. Gd. Burying,

210 OSWESTRY ECCLESIASTICAL HtSTOHY !

6d. Fees and wages to the sexton, by custom, 30s. per annum,
paid by parish ; Is. for cutting grave in churchyard ; 7s. Gd. for
cutting grave in chancel ; 5s. for cutting grave in body of the
church. Minute passing bell, Gd. per hour. Common bell, 4d.
per hour. Bell sheaf. (l) There is no modus for vicarial tythes
claimed within the parish, but an exemption from such tythes
is claimed by the occupiers of lands called Abbey lands. " Fur-
niture and utensils belonging to the church : 8 bells. A clock
with chimes. Two cloths for the communion table. Two
napkins. Four surplices. A velvet cloth for communion
table. A velvet pulpit cloth and velvet cushion. Two English
Bibles, two Welsh Bibles ; two English Common Prayer Books,
two Welsh Common Prayer Books, three Register Books. The
clerk is appointed by the vicar, and the sexton by the parish-
ioners. Plate, with the following inscriptions : One large
challice, " Given for the use of the Holy Communion in the
Parish Church of Oswestry 1707" G7oz. lOdwts. Two waiters,
for the use of Oswestry Church, given by Elizabeth Roderick,
" ex dono Mrs. Elizabeth Roderick to the Parish Church of
Oswestry in Salop " 23oz. lOdwts. A tall cup and cover, " The
gift of Richard Mason of the Hayes Esq unto the Church of
Oswestree in the coimtie of Salop" SOoz. 5dwts. A tall
cup and cover, " Richard Stanni the elder Merer was the
under of this cup, given by him to the Perryshe Churche of
Oswester, made Anno Do. 1575 " 21oz. lOdwts. A tall cup and
cover, " ex dono Davidi Edwards 1G35 " 21oz. lodwts.. A
small cup and plate, "Edward Edwards, tanner, dedicateth
this plate to the service of God, in the Church of Oswestrie the
chardge beingc his friend's love at the Baptisme of Francis
and Catherine his childrine now- both with God. 1G31 " 13oz.
15dwts. Total, 17Soz. 5dwts. Subscribed this 8th day of
July 1701 by us, Turner Edwards vicar of Oswestry, William
Issards, Edw. Evans, Edw. Roberts, Willm. Lawrence, church-
wardens of Oswestry. J. R. Lloyd, Aston, Thos. Evans, Pen-
tregaer, Edward Edwards,Trefirclawdd, Richd. James, Sweeney,
George Williams, Trefonnen, Evan Evans, Middleton, John
Maurice, Trefonen, Thos. Summerfield, Llanvorda, John
Howell, Oswestry, Ellis Jones, Drill, Thos. Roberts, Nant,
William Thomas, gardener, Ed. Bennion, surgeon, Llanvorda,
John Edwards. Cynynion.

1 Boll-sheaf. " Yd y Gloch ; the com due to the ringer; was a
donation expected by the sexton when he collected the tithe for tho
parson. Ysyyb y Gloch ; tho Bell-sheaf ; was also a familiar term, and
was a portion expected by the sexton." — Bye-yones, 1878-9, page
87.

THE OLD CHURCH.

211

At an earlier period than either of the Terriers we
have a record of Church property handed over for safe
keeping to the Corporation. The following is a copy of
the note in question : —

Apud Osestre viijo die ap'lis
anno RR Ed vjti secundo.

M'd that this day Thomas lloydd and Richard J ones gent
baylyffs of the Towne of Oswestre delyv'ed the some of xijZi
xviijs viijcZ in theyr eleccon house to be saiffely kpt to this of
the buyld'g of the said church which the hadd and Recyved for
c'ten [certain] plat by them sold in london.

M'd that the said day Thomas Staney gent on of theldr men
of the said Towne delyv'ed xyli sterlyng to thys of the towne
to be kpt in the com'yn coifre of the townes money.

M'd that this day Richard blodwall gent lyften'nt of osestrie
delyv'ed on gret Crosse of Selver and gylt unto the said elecc'on
-and Richard ap Jo nn on other crose wtb a senser de-
lyv'ed by Thomas lloydd gent of selvr to be kpt in the said
coffre.

Apud Oswestrie xixo die
maij Anno RR Ed yjti iij
M'd upon this day upon Acc or Rekonyng before Robt
Tho Trevor and mr blakway gent baylyffs of the towne of
Oswestrie ther Remayneth in thands of Thomas lloydd xij^i
vjs viijc£ of the church money . and \li viijs Remayneth in the
comyn coffre of the church money whrof xxs is de lyvred to
Richard baker and Jo'n glovr two of the wardens of the p'ysh
church of Oswestre to be payed unto langley of Salop (x) in p't

of paym't of Acco some for c'tn leadd for the said church

and the said wardens do confesse that they have Rcevydofthe
said Thomas lloidd towards the church woork iijZi of xvli vjs
viijcZ that he owed for c'ten of the church plat to hym d elyv'ed
& xijli vjs viijeZ therof Remaynyth in his ha'ds in maner
afforesd.

1 At the dissolution of Monasteries, during the reign of Renry the
Eighth, the Abbey of Shrewsbury was sold to William Langley, and,
says Mr. Nightingale, in his Description- of Shropshire, "The Bailiffs
and principal inhabitants of Shrewsbury in vain petitioned the King
to spare the buildings of the monastery ; Langley, a tailor of the
town, who had purchased them, in order to make the most of his pro-
perty, demolished the greater part of the fabric, and sold its materials.
He is said even to have stripped the nave of its lead, etc., &c." Pro-
bably it was a portion of this lead that was purchased by tho Oswestry
Churchwardens.

Vol. hi. ac

212

OSWESTRY ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY

What building work could have been going on in
1549 it is impossible to conjecture, unless it was in
reparation of some of the " incursions of the Welsh "
previously alluded to. It may be that " the crosses
and censer " were deposited in the Corporation chest to
obey the law passed just then, to remove from chuiches
all plate and ornaments not absolutely necessary for
worship.

With one more record my paper must close. In
the Oswestry Advertizer, Feb. 17, 1872, the Rev. W.
Walsham How, wrote : — " It may interest some of your
readers to know that in the Register of Baptisms in
Whittington parish, among other noteworthy events
recorded as occurring in the year 1814, is the fol-
lowing : — ' Welsh Services discontinued in Oswestry
Church/ " The holding of Welsh Services, however,
was continued in the room over the Town Clerk's
Offices ; for what period I cannot say, but probably
up to 1821, when Trefonen Church was built.

When the Rev. Howell Evans was presented to
the living of Oswestry, the Bishop of St. Asaph
raised a difficulty, because our new Vicar did not
understand Welsh, but the matter was arranged by
the engagement of a Welsh curate, and from the
time of the appointment Divine Service in Welsh
was performed in the Victoria Rooms until an Iron
Church was erected for Welsh Service in the New
Churchyard. The first of these services was held on
June 14, 1873. Holy Communion was first admin-
istered October 13, when there were eighteen commu-
nicants : and on October 24, 1873, there was the
novelty of a Welsh wedding in the Parish Church.

THE NEW CHURCH,

213

THE NEW CHURCH.
Five and forty years ago there was circulated " An
Appeal to the Members of the Church of England in
the Town and Neighbourhood of Oswestry, on the
subject of the Erection of a Chapel of Ease." The
Appeal set out by stating that the want of more church
accommodation in the town had long been felt, and
that during the past "ten years several plans had been
in agitation" to secure this object, one of which, as I
stated on a previous page, was the erection of galleries
all round the Old Church. During this decade of
<f agitation " a " thousand souls " had been added to
the population, and the promoters set earnestly to
work to provide church accommodation for their bodies.
The Appeal goes on to enforce the necessity of liberal
subscriptions being made by the public, and says : —

The population of the Town of Oswestry, according to the
last census of 1831, was 41-78; of the out parish 4013; the
population of the whole parish, therefore, was 8581. The in-
crease of the town population from 1821 to 1831, was 508, or
56 annually; and this increase of the population of the parish
within the same period, was 400, or 40 annually. The popula-
tion of the town, therefore (supposing only the same ratio of
increase to have continued), may now be taken at 4046 ; and of
the parish at 4250 ; making the population of the whole parish
at present to be 8S00 : which, before any place of worship can
possibly be erected will have increased to upwards of 0000.

The Appeal next goes into the question of Church
accommodation, and points out that, for the parish
there is only " the Welsh Chapel at Trefonnen," Morton
Chapel, and Aston Chapel. And the services at Tre-
fonnen being in Welsh, the farmers of that district —
preferring English — attend Oswestry Church. Aston
Chapel, being private property, could be closed at any
time, and there was the objection to Morton Chapel,
that it, really, stood in the parish of LlanyblodweL
Taking all these things into consideration, the pro-

214 OSWESTRY ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY :

moters of the Appeal were of opinion that the Old
Church of Oswestry was the only one for 6000 of the
parishioners.

It was roundly estimated that the Old Church would
accommodate a thousand people ; and the good, bad,
and indifferent inhabitants of Oswestry were parcelled
out thus : —

The number of houses in the town of Oswestry rated at £4
and upwards, is 344, which are at present occupied as follows :
— Church families, 244; Church and Chapel, 9; Dissenters, of
different denominations, 84 ; vacant houses, 7. In the nine
Church and Chapel families, four of them are cases where some
individuals are Church persons and some Dissenters. The
other five families consider themselves as belonging to the
Church, but go to the different Chapels, because they can
either obtain no accommodation, or not sufficient for their
families, in the present church. Of the 244 Church families,
168 either own pews in the church or are enabled to rent
them, and 77 Church families are wholly without any accom-
modation whatever; to which number, if we add the five
Church families mentioned in the last class, there will be a
total of 82 Church families in the town of that class, who
would rent pews, who are (with the exception of one family
only) without an}- accommodation in the present church ; and
to these also may be added several families in the country who
are similarly circumstanced.

The Appellants further say that whilst there is a
great want felt for free sittings, it was known that
were a Chapel-of-Ease built 50 pews would be taken at
once. The appeal concluded with a list of promised
donations towards a new church.1

The Appeal seems very soon to have borne fruit, and
the work of erecting a new church to have been decided

1 These included the Bishop of St. Asaph, £25 ; Earl of Powis,
Viscount Clive, Sir Watkin Williams Wynn, Mrs. Longueville, T. L.
Longaeville, Esq., Rev. T. Salwey, Rev. J. IT. M. Luxmoore, each £50 :
Sir Rowland Hill and John Jones, Esq., each £25 ; and lesser sums
from James Edwards, Esq., Rev. R. M. Bonner, Rev. C, A. A. Lloyd,
Mr. C. Penson, Dr. Donne, Rev. Stephen Donne, J, Y. Lovett, Esq.,
J. Heywood, Esq., and Mrs. I Icy wood, Mrs, HarwOod (Cricketh),
vVc, ike,

THE NEW CHURCH.

215

upon. The subscription list was speedily augmented
and the building commenced. The corner-stone was
laid on the lGth July, 1835, by the Vicar of Oswestry,
the Rev. T. Salwey, in the presence of a very large
concourse of spectators, "comprising/' to use the news-
paper account of the event, "all sects and denomina-
tions, anxious to share in the good work."

From the Vicar's address on the occasion, it will be
seen that one usual custom was not observed at the
ceremony. He said : —

On occasions like the present, it had been usual to deposit
in the foundation stone various coins of the realm, &c., but,
considering as lie did, that there were other things equally
imperishable, and far more befitting, it was their intention to
place in the cavity of that stone a copy of the Holy Scriptures
and the Book of Common Prayer (the gift of the Rev. Charles
Lloyd of Whittington), enclosed in a yew-tree box, one of the
most imperishable of woods: and as the Temple was built
round the Ark of the Lord, and contained the Law as it
then stood— engraved on two tables of stone — so may they
hope, having made His Word the Foundation of that
building, wherein to worship Him, that the glory of the Lord
would nil the place, oven as the cloud had filled the Temple
of old.

So when the New Zealander, sitting on the broken
arch of the railway bridge in Middleton Eoad gazes at
the ruins of Trinity, it will scarcely be worth his while
to make a nearer inspection amongst the foundations,
for he will there find no record showing the date of the
world's history when the church was built, as a "current
coin of the realm" would have revealed it; no record of
the times such as would have been supplied by a news-
paper of the period.

Twelve months later, that is to say, on the 25th
and 26th of August, 1830, a Bazaar was held at the
Wynnstay Arms, Oswestry, in aid of the funds. The
newspapers, in calling attention to this fancy fair, offered
the public two attractions, viz., the exhibition of some
articles worked specially for the occasion by Her
Majesty [Queen Adelaide], and a small volume of

216 OSWESTRY ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY ;

Poems, by the Reverend Robert Montgomery,1 " whose
well known talents have justly placed him high in the
estimation of the literary world." This precious volume,
the report says, was "dedicated to Mrs. Main waring
of Oteley Park, at whose stall it may be procured."

The proceeds of the Bazaar amounted to £G90, and
the stall keepers included Lady Lucy Clive, Hon. Mrs.
Bridgman, Hon. Mrs. Kenyon, Mrs. T. Hunt, Lady
Leighton, Mrs. Parker, Mrs. Lloyd, Aston, Mrs. Main-
waring, Mrs. Bulkeley Owen, Mrs. Salwey, Mrs. Bonner,
and Miss Longueville. We are told that " at the close
of the bazaar, Mr. Parker of Sweeney (with a view of
adding to the funds), exhibited some models of the
different modes of heating churches, public buildings,
conservatories, &c, by hot water, and explained the
scientific principles upon which they were conducted/"2
We are further told, and can readily believe it, that
" the articles sent by Her Majesty were, of course, the
great attraction, and all eagerly pressed forward to
obtain a sight of them/'

1 " Robert Montgomery, the poet, was ordained to the curacy of
Whittington, Oswestry, in 1S35, but held it for only nine or ten
months. He used to compare himself here to ' an oak in a flower
pot.' " (Thomas's Diocese of St. Asaph.) Poor " Satan Montgomery"
had not then been crushed by Macaulay, and was immensely popular
with a large class. No doubt (as is too often the case with men
whose standing is doubtful in the present age) he " rigged the press"
where he could, to puff himself and his wares ; hence the paragraph.

2 Older Oswestrians will remember, personally, and others have
often heard of the genial and respected Thomas Netherton Parker,
Esq., of Sweeney Hall, who seldom, when at home, omitted making
a daily visit to Oswestry. Mr. Parker's mechanical powers were
great, and he published more than one treatise to describe his own
inventions. His Leaves out of the Book of a Country Gentleman, very
fully describes his plan for hanging turnpike gates ; a plan that was
successfully adopted on the line of road between Oswestry and Llany-
myncch, and Oswestry and Shrewsbury. In the reports of the
Oswestry District Society for Bettering the Condition of the Poc /, he
published diagrams ami explanations of improved cottages for the
peasantry j and in other ways was so well known for his inventive
genius, that in a famous Election Squib, still quoted in North Shrop-
shire, he is called " The Man of Patents, and Knick-Knacks, and
Contrivances,"

THE NEW CHURCH.

217

Meanwhile the building was progressing rapidly, and
on the 8th of July, 1837, "Trinity Chapel, Oswestry,
was consecrated by Dr. Carey, Bishop of St. Asaph, on
which occasion the sermon was preached by Dean Lux-
moore." It had previously been "opened ;' — on Thurs-
day, May 11th, 1837— the Rev. T. Salwey and the
Rev. R. M. Bonner performing the service, and the
Ven. Archdeacon Bather preaching.

The Rev. D. R. Thomas, in his History of the Diocese
of St. Asaph, a book that gives a very large amount of
information in a very small compass, says : —

Holy Trinity Church was originally intended to be only a
chapel-of-ease to the parish Church; but in 1842, a large dis-
trict, about four miles in length by as much in breadth, was
assigned to it, comprising the wards of Leg Street and Beatrice
Street within the liberties of the town, and the five rural town-
ships of Middleton, Hisland, Wootton, Aston, and Maesbury;
and it was gazetted as a separate cure, November 30, of that
year; but it was not until 18G6 that an order was issued,
authorising the solemnization of marriages, baptisms, and
funerals in it. The Ecclesiastical Commissioners endowed it
at first with £113 per annum ; and, in 1839, Queen Anne's
Bounty made a grant of £200, to meet a similar sum provided
by subscription, yielding a further sum of £13 per annum ; the
rest of the income being derived from pew rents and fees,
raising the whole to about £150; until, in 1872, the Earl of
Powis transferred to it the rectorial tithes of Middleton town-
ship, amounting to £110 Is. Gd., which was met by the Eccle-
siastical Commissioners with a grant of £50 per annum. The
present income [1S74] is £310. A house was erected in 18GG,
at a cost of £1,400. The population amounts to 3,927, and the
patronage is vested in the Yicar of Oswestry.

The Church comprises a nave and apse, or sanctuary, and
has a gallery at the west end, and is calculated to accommodate
700, of which 400 are free sittings. The interior is highly
ornamented with colour and wood carving, which was done at
the expense of the Rev. John Parker, Yicar of Llanyblodwel.1

1 The Rev. John Parker, son of Mr. T. N. Parker, was somewhat
eccentric in his architectural views. Mr, Thomas {.Diocese of St.
Asaph) speaks of his additions to Llanmercwig Church (where lie was
rector 1827-11) as " fanciful but substantial and the tower lie
erected at Llanyblodwel as " of peculiar form and construction."

218 OSWESTRY ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY

The sanctuary, raised five steps above the nave, from which it
is divided by a low, open screen, has a vaulted roof, and a pro-
jecting arcaded reredos enriched with much colouring. The
altar- table is a large polished white marble slab, supported on
a wooden frame. The nave is set off with much carved work
upon the pulpit, the prayer-desk, and the front of the gallery,
which is supported on iron pillars, and contains a new organ,1
built by Halinshaw and Son of Birmingham, and erected in
1871, at a cost of £150. About the year 185G, the roof having
got into a dangerous condition, was replaced by a new ceiling,
vaulted and panelled, with pendants and bosses richly coloured.
The cost, about £000, was borne chiefly by Mr. T. L. Longue-
ville, and the remainder by .Mr. Parker. The font is hexagonal,
and ornamented with foliated panels. The Communion plate
was presented by the Earl of Powis,2 and the service-books by
Viscount Dungannon.3

The church remained in this condition until 1876,
when a subscription was set on foot, and £356 spent in
improvements thus described in the Oswestry Advertizer
for October 4, of that year : —

The east end of the church has been raised three steps, and
choir seats and desks have been formed on the elevated portion.
The pulpit has been removed from the cast wall and brought
into what may now be termed the nave of the church, and

Mr. Parker was a devotee of Gothic Architecture, and lie pushed his
devotion to an extreme in a book of Tours be published under the
title of The Passengers, by making the title page resemble a Gothic
porch !

1 Soon after the Church was built, an instrument called " The
Royal Seraphine" was erected, at the expense of Mr. Longueville,
which was said at the time to " possess most extraordinary powers
for the small compass of its body ; and a delightful accompaniment
in Church Psalmody.''

2 At a dinner in Oswestry, held in 1837, to commemorate the
coming-of-age of Mr. J. R. Ormsby Gore, Dr. Donne (in speaking of
Lord Olive) said he had given a handsome service of plate to the New
Church at Oswestry ; he had done the same previously to the chapel
of Trefonncn ; and had contributed very largely to the erection of a
gallery in Llanyblodwel Church. This was the father of the present
Earl.

3 It is stated in a Shrewsbury newspaper recording .the " opening
services" in May, 1837, that " F. Campbell, Esq., Mayor of Oswestry,
presented the Church with a Bible and Prayer Hook, and Mr. Jones
Rogers with a velvet cushion for the pulpit."

THE NEW CHURCH.

219

placed at the north corner. The organ has been removed from
the gallery, and placed in the north-east corner of the choir.
A passage has been formed from the west door up the centre
of the church, and two side passages along each wall, thus
making the seats into two blocks. Those on the north side of
the centre aisle are to be let for the maintenance of the church,
and those on the north side are free.

Much improvement was also effected in the comfort
of the seats, the backs of which were made more sloping,
and the work was carried out under the superintendence
of Mr. Spaull, architect.

There was an octave of services to commemorate the
re-opening, at the end of Sept ember, 187 6, at which
the Bishop of St. Asaph (Dr. Hughes), Bishop Alford,
Canon How, then rector of Whittington, now (1880)
Bishop of Bedford ; the Revs. F. A. Tompson, vicar of
Chirk, G. Cuthbert, rector of Aberhafesp, and other
local clergymen took part. Sermons, too, were preached
by the Revs. Dr. Taylor of Everton, G. Everard of
Wolverhampton, and other well-known Evangelical
churchmen.

On the opening day, the Mayor of Oswestry (Mr. T.
Pryce Parry) entertained at luncheon the Bishop of St.
Asaph ; the Vicar of Oswestry (the Rev. Howell Evans);
the Vicar of Holy Trinity (the Rev. F. Cashel) ;
Canon Walsham How, the Revs. E. W. 0. Bridgman,
Rector of Kinnerley, J. S. Rogers, Rector of Selattyn,
J. Thomas, Vicar of Nuneaton (an old Oswestrian and
formerly a curate of Trinity), and several other guests,
including ladies.

In connection with Trinity parish there is a school at
Maesbury where service is held ; and a day school in
Oswestry, erected in 1865, at a cost of £550, towards
which the chief contributors were the Earl of Powis,
Bishop Short (the late Bishop of St. Asaph), J, R.
Ormsby Gore, Esq, (afterwards 1st Lord Harlech), T.
L. Longueville, Esq., and K. Lloyd, of Aston, Esq. (a
parisioner of Trinity), In 1870 this school was mate-
rially enlarged, by the addition of an infant school, and
more recently still further additions have taken place.

Vol.. IIIf AD

220 OSWESTRY ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY.

The following clergymen have in turn been Incum-
bents of Holy Trinity Church. The Bev. R M.
Bonner (appointed in 1837), Vicar of Rhuabon, 1842 ;
Dean of St. Asaph, 1857, a post he still lives to adorn.
The Rev. John Jones, appointed in 1842 ; Vicar of
Llanarmon, 1851. The Rev. Frederick Cashel, B. A.,
Trin. Col. Dub., was then appointed, and is now the
oldest, as he has always been one of the most respected,
clergymen in the Deanery.

What the Old Church was before the havoc made
during the Civil Wars, " or thereabouts," and the
almost as disastrous restorations of Churchwardens
afterwards, it is impossible to say ; but, if we may
take the opinion of a poet, a couple of hundred years
earlier, Oswestry altogether must have been a most
desirable place to live in. It is Gutor Glynn (who
nourished about the middle of the fifteenth century)
who says : —

Oswestry is the liberal, the best endowed of cities ;

The beloved of heaven that draws me to it.

Oswestry the strong fort of conquerors ; the London of Powis ;

Where the houses are well stored with wine and the land is rich.

Its school is celebrated, and its city for preachers and men of science.

God is present in its beautiful temple —

A church adorned with rich challices,

And with bells and a rich-toned organ,

No better choir is there from it to Canterbury:

None in which there is corrector singing,

Or the vestments more suitable.

To White Minster I know no convent superior.

The handsome and best direst women are those of Oswestry.

It resembles Chcapside in merchandize,

And its people arc honest and unanimous.

God's grace be with the city, and those that dwell therein ;

May God be its guardian and kind preserver.

221

THE POLL
FOR THE BOROUGH OF SHREWSBURY,
June 29-30, 1747.
By W. HUGHES, Shrewsbury.

The following very interesting document was given to
the writer a few years ago as a curiosity. Such, it
truly is, and more. It is an illustration by an adept,
of the mode of conducting elections in the pre-regis-
tration days of the 18th century. Nearly fifty years
have passed since the system was changed by the
Reform Act of Lord John Russell, and there are few
living who gave their votes prior to that time.
Within the memory of the writer, who can recollect
two or three election contests previous to the Reform
Act, the Poll for the Borough was taken under the old
Market House, a space being boarded in at each end so
as to form two booths, presided over by the Mayor or
his deputies ; generally the latter, as the Mayor had to
hold his court in the Guild Hall to adjudicate on any
votes objected to at the time of tendering, by legal
agents on either side. In the case of the Poll de-
scribed in the accompanying account it seems probable
that there was only one booth, and that possibly the
Court-room of the Guild Hall was used for the purpose.
Be that as it may, it is clear that the Mayor himself
presided on this occasion, and decided all objections as
they were made. This, at the present day, when in a
single booth, by means of the Ballot, nearly 500 votes
may be taken within the prescribed eight hours, must
seem a very tedious process. Steam locomotion and
the electric telegraph were then unknown, but whether

222

THE POLL FOE, THE

their introduction has had anything to do with the
high pressure to which all things are now subjected,
must be a matter for speculation. The "account"
itself gives its own raisbn d'etre, and then recites
certain resolutions of the House of Commons, in April,
1723, defining the right to vote.

An Account of the Poll for Members of Parliament for the
Borough of Shrewsbury, taken June 29 and 30th, 1747, in
which the proceedings' of the Mayor at that Election are
fully vindicat ed : —

The Mayor of Shrewsbury having been openly charged
(and particularly in one of the publick papers) with partiality
and illegal proceedings in the late election for that borough,
the following account of the poll then taken is offered to the
publick, that they may have an oppurtunity of judging on
which the truth lies ; whether the Mayor deserves the reproach
and infamy (which has been so freely bestowed on him) of
serving his ff'riends at the ex pence of his honour and con-
science, or his accusers that of slandring and abusing an honest
magistrate who hath faithfully discharged his trust.
The last determinations of the "House of Commons relating to

this Borough, by which the legallity of all Votes is to be

tryed, are as follows : —

Mjjrtis 9 die Annus, 1723.

1st. Kesolved — That the right of election of Burgesses to
serve in Parliament for the Borough of Shrewsbury, in the
County of Salop, is only in the Burgesses inhabiting in the
said Borough, or in the suburbs thereof, paying Scott or Lott,
and not receiving alms or charity.

2dly. Resolved — That the whole parishes of Saint Chadd,
St. Mary, St. Alkmond, St, Julian, the Holy Cross and St.
Giles, and the several vills of Hadnall, Acton Reynald,
Mcriden, Han wood, Grinsell, Ollerton, Onslow, Preston Gub-
balls, Pimley, and MerivaU are not within the Borough of
Shrewsbury or the suburbs thereof.

odly. Resolved — That the several vills of Bicton, Betton,
Alkmere, Longnor, Calcot, Whitley, Welbach, Upper and
Lower Rossall, She'lton, Oxoh, Woodcott, Horton, Monkmeal,
and Gooshill in (lie parish of St. Chadd, Great and Little Ber-
wick, Almond Park, Newton, Abright liussey, Cotton Hill,
Lcaton, Astley, Merrington, Woolascott ; Sansall and Clive in

BOROUGH OF SHREWSBURY.

223

the parish of Saint Mary ; Hencot, Abrightlee, Preston
Montford, Dintle, Arlscot in" the parish of Saint Alkmond ; and
Pulley and Shelton in the parish of Saint Julian, are not part
of the ancient Borough of Shrewsbury, or the suburbs thereof.

4thly. Resolved — That the parish of the Holy Cross and St.
Giles's, is not part of the ancient Borough of Shrewsbury, or
the suburbs thereof.

Candidates :

Sr. Richard Corbett, Baronet, and Robert Pigott, Esquire,
William Kinaston, Esquire, and Richard Prince Astley, Esqr.

[Mayor: Isaac Pritchard, Esq.].
THE POLL. lilt

a s < s

Michael Brickdaie, Esq., Mar doll 1 1

John Langley, gent., Castle Street 1 1

Richd. Wollaston, Esq., Dog Lane 1 1

John Adams, Esq., Pride Hill 1 1

Charles Bolas, gent., High Street 1 1

Robt. More, Esq. 1 1

William Oswell, Butcher Row 1 1

James Downes, Esq. 1 1

Richard Lloyd, draper, Pride Hill 1 1

Humphry Parry, clerk 1 1

Ralph Browne, Esq., Markett Place 1 1

William Atkis, Esq., Dogpole 1 1

Sr. Richard Corbett, Bart. 1 1
Richard Clarke, barber, Wildcop 1 1

Thomas Davies, barber, Corn Markett 1 1

Jacob Brown, butcher, Mardoll

It was objected to his vote that he had
paid no assessment for years, and

over against his name in the assessment was
entred no certificate, which amounts to a proof
that he was thought too poor to pay it, but
upon proving that one of the Churchwardens had
taken his assessment for the last year only a few
days beforo the Election, a doubt arose whether
such an occasional payment made by a Burgess in
his circumstances should be allowed a qualification
to vote ; this was long argued, but his vote was
at last allowed and taken for Messrs. 1 1

Note, that many understanding persons have
thought that the Mayor ought to have rejected

224

THE POLL FOR THE

this vote, it being urged and allowed, he thought
himself obliged to admitt all that stood upon the
same footing, by which means the minority gained
several votes.

Richd. Davies, MI).

Francis Hinckes, gent., ffrankwell

Win, Adams, clerk

Thos. Roden, butcher, Butcher Row,

Rojeeted, it being proved that he had reced.
charity.

Note — when this is mentioned as disqualifying
a person for voting, it be understood that the
ffact was proved upon oath by a parish officer, or
some person concerned in distributiug publick
charity. He was supposed to be designed voting
for Messrs. Astley & Pigott.

William Lawrence, glover

John Meredith, writing master

Wm. Gorsuch, clerk

Wm. Mallard, staymaker, Milk Street

Saml. Tomkis, hatter,

Rejected, it being proved that he had reced.
charity — Astley & Pigott.

John Allatt, barber, High Street

John Jones, butcher, Butcher Row

John Williams, innholder, ffrankwell

Griffith Heath, weaver, Castle fforegate

Richd. Davis, post-master

John Hood, cnairmaker, Wild Cop

Elias Evans, Esqr.

Sr. Henry Edwardes, Bart.

J ohn Cotton, bookseller, Market Place

Thos. Palin, Coleham

John Wilding, butcher, Butcher Row

Willm. Baker, joy ner, High Street

Philip Wilcox, smith, High Pavement

John Jaundrell, malster, Mardoll

Edwd. Merrington, butcher, Pride Hill

Abraham Davies, gent.

John Upton, smith, Castle fforegate,

Rejected, being no Burgess — A. & P.

Richd. Clemson, tow dresser, Back Lane
Thos. Presland, mercer, Market Place
Thos. Mason, draper, „

C. K. A. P.

1 1

1 1

1 1

1 1

1 1

1 1

BOROUGH OF SHREWSBURY.

Thos. Upton, gardiner,

Rejected, being no Burgess. The votes of this
Thos. and John, before mentioned, were both re-
fused at a former election, and, it appears by the
Poll taken in 1670, that their ancestors were then
rejected as no Burgesses — A. & P,

Thos. J ones, butcher, Butcher Row
Thos. Hanmer, shoemaker, Lee Stalls
Jonathan Bagley, Castle fforegate,

Rejected, not being assessed for anything within
the borough. It appeared too, that the lands
he claimed to vote for were in the possession of
his mother-in-law, the widow Egerton, the receipt
for rent being given in her name — A. & P.

Thos. Wilding, gaoler
Robert Baskerville, gent.
John Bagley, Castle fforegate
Richd. Reynalds, innholder, Wild Cop
Saml. Spcnlove, cooper, High Street
Charles Hughes, gardiner, Wild Cop
Thos. Alcocks, sheerman, Barker Street
J oseph Price, tobacconist, Ffrankwell
J ohn Gardner, Esq.

William Haines, waterman, Castle fforegate

Richard Berrington, Market Place

Alexdr. Griffiths, tanner, Clarimont

Saml. Kyffin, tanner, Barker Street

John Hudson, ropemaker, Mardoll

Danl. Clemson, staymaker

Vincent Price, victualler

Robt. Loxham, gent.

Thos. Fox. malster

Richd. Ridley, barber, Coleham

Saml. Powell, taylor, Wild Cop

Saml. Moor, bridle-cutter, Do.

John Yates, cooper, Do.

Wm. Nightingale, weaver

John Asterlcy, hatter

Richd. Asterley, taylor

Thos. Davies, waterman, Mardoll,

Rejected, having frequently received charity —
A. & P.

C. K.

225
A. P.

Wm. Bagley, taylor, Castle fforegate

1 1

226

THE POLL FOR THE

Saml. Meighen, Mardoll,

Rejected, not being assessed — A. & P.
John Eider, bridle-cutter
Peter Blakeway, surgeon
John Clarke

Samuel Briscoe, cheesemonger
Thomas Oakley, taylor
Saml. Hughes, hatter
Ebenezar Bennion, Do.
Richard Edwards, taylor
Charles Wall, grocer
Benjn. Gittins, shoemaker
John Cotton, clerk
Saml. Jones, clerk

It being objected that lie was no inhabitant,
he proved that he had for several years a house or
lodgings in town in which he frequently resided,
and had been constantly assessed, and paid Scott
and Lott. There is no room to suppose that Mr.
Jones had taken this house or lodging with
design to qualifie himself ; where this seems to be
the case, it seems but right and equitable to reject
it, and to prevent such collusions, it may, perhaps,
be a good rule to admit no votes of this kind,

John Lee, butcher, Butcher Row
Edwd. Solden, chandler
Edwd. Hinckes, smith, Mardoll
Jeremiah Lateward, glover
Thos. Hinckes, sheerman
John Wingfield, Dr.
Peter Cheshire, shoemaker
Thos. Thornes, Barker Street,

Rejected, being not assessed — A. & P.

Kobt. Hussey, sexton, St. Mary

Saml. Lee, butcher

Robt. Richards, glazier

Richd. Dyas, gardiner

Thos. Pugh, malster

John Goddard, schoolmaster

John Meighen,

Rejected, having received charity — C. & K.

Jo. Hughes, soap boiler
Saml. Morris, St. John's Hill
Natl. Taylor, Dog Lano

C. K. A. P.

BOROUGH OF SHREWSBURY. 227

C. K. A. P.

Thcs. Jones, draper 1 1

This case was the same with that of Mr, John
Twiss and Mr. Lowe, drapers, to whose votes it was
objected, that they had received charity from the
Draper's Company ; it was admitted that Mr. Jones
and Mr. Lowe had within the last year, and Mr.
Twiss abt. a year and a half before reced. each
a benefaction of live guineas from this Company,
wch., being a rich Corporation, has usually
granted a yearly bounty to its poor members.
The question was, whether such donation was
charity within the design of the House of Com-
mons in resolution. 1st — It was observed in
the negative that the Company's Estate, out of
wch. this money arises, is no part appropriated
to charitable uses, and that, therefore, the donation
of a private company could no more disqualify a
vote than the donation of a private man. That
the design of the resolution is plainly to exclude
such whose property is too small to be assessed,
or who are too poor to pay the assessment. But,
the first of these gentlemen has a place for life,
worth more than 20/. V annum ; the second, a
place worth 50/. V annum, and a ffreehold estate
in house worth 20 or 30/. p- annum, and the last
a ffreehold estate of 18 or 20/. p* annum, and
voted in the same circumstances the last contested
election without objection. This money, too, is
generally understood to be given to the Brethren
of the Company, under a certain condition, viz.,
that the receiver shall take no apprentice. The
Mayor shewed his moderation by taking these three
votes down doubtful.

Thos. Bowers, bellman 1 1

Benjamin "Wheeler, bricklayer 1 1

Saml. Campion, heel maker,

In objection to his vote, it was proved that he
had paid no assessment for several years. There
were two assessments in the last year for the
parish of St. Julian, where this Campion lives.
In the first he was assessed, but, opposite to his
name was entred, not paid ; in the last his name
was not entred, but, proving that he had tendred
his assessment that morning, in the room adjoin-
ing to the Town Hall, tho' the parish officer
refused his money, the Mayor admitted his voto
doubtful! 11

Vol. in. ae

228

THE POLL FOR THE

Thos. Gardner, junr., gent,
Richd. Griffiths, tanner
Richd. Llewellin, haberdasher
Timothy Davies, Do.
Richd. Price, surgeon
Peter Leake, baker

John Clarke, malster, Castle fforegate,
Rejected, being no Burgess— A. & P.

Edwd. Pcarce, joyner
Thos. Bailey, skinner
John Griffiths, musician

Rejected ; Mr. Griffiths was assessed for a
house in wen. he had lived two years, and
continued to Michlmas last, but, tho' often
called upon, had never paid any part of the
said assessment, and at last declared to the
officers that his circumstances were such that
the parish ought rather to give him money than
expect any from him. In the last assessment for
this house, over against his name was entred void,
which is always understood as a declaration that
no payment was to be expected. It was then
urged that he had a right to vote for the house to
wch. he was removed at Michlmas, but for this
house he did not appear to be assessed. There
was no inhabitant named for it in the assessment,
but instead of that was entred widow Jones's
successor, but Mr. Griffiths did not succeed widow
Jones, but one Mrs. Jackson, who lived four or five
years in it after widow Jones. All that appeared
in flavour of this vote was that one of the church-
wardens had entred John Griffiths's name in the
margin long after the assessment was made, and
reced. his money just before the election.

This case, for which more is to be said than for
any other rejected vote, was urged as exactly
parralel to that of Major Leighton's, whose name
is only in the margin of the assessment, but there
is this material diilVrcncc betwixt them, that the
latter was actual tenant to the house for which
he was assessed at the time of the assessment,
was still in the same house, and regularly paid his
assessment for it, and there were at least five
votes under the very same circumstances admitted
on the other side — A, & P.

Thos. Pay ton , barber
Thos. Stone, joyner

BOROUGH OF SHREWSBURY. 229

C. K. A. P.

Thos. Warter, barber 1 1

Michael Andrews, ffurrier 1 1

William Dickin, shoemaker 1 1
Thos. Gosnell, grocer 1 1

John Harris, clothworker 1 1

Thos. Sandford, butcher 1 1

Willm. Bowers, saltman 1 1

Richd. Wood, watchmaker 1 1

Richd. Betton, glazier 1 1

Cotton Needham, heclmaker 1 1

Richd. Allatt, shoemaker 1 1

Richd. Thomas, malster 1 1

Richd. Draycott, butcher 1 1

Thos. Draycott, butcher 1 1

Edward Morhall, mercer 1 1

Peter Davies, upholder 1 1

Richd. Sparks, tobacconist 1 1

Spencer Olivers, sadler 1 1

Saml. Bennett, draper 1 1

Wm. Bennett, timber mercht. 1 1

Richd. Gibbons, gardiner 1 1

Richd. Peers, St. John's Hill 1 1

Jonathan Scott, draper 1 1

Thos. Pearson, cutler 1 1

John Davies, tow dresser 1 1

John Niccolls, malster 1 1

Richd. Yaughan, draper 1 1

Philip Heath, butcher 1 1

Richd. Mallard, clothworker 1 1

Edwd. Watkis, innholder 1 l

Wm. Briscoe, hatter 1 1

Richd. Norgrave, barber 1 l

Richd. Briscoe, shoemaker 1 1

John Adams, junr., ironmonger 1 1

Abraham Meicrhen, waterman ] 1

John Hancox, glazier 1 i

Richd. Vaughan, victualler 1 i

Wm. Morrall, sadler 1 1

James Read, glazier 1 i

John Clarke, clothworker 1 1

Richd. Morgan, ironmonger 1 l

Joseph Pearson, ivory turner 1 1

Thos. Kinaston, pavior

Rejected, being no Burgess — A. & P.

John Wood, gent. 1 1

230

THE POLL FOB THE

*Thos. Hewitt, grocer
Leonard Hotehkis, clerk

C. K. A. P.
1 1
1 1

Benj. Wingfield, clerk
John Thornton, apothecary
John Gibbons, butcher
Richard Williams, Wild Cop
James Quarrell, Back Lane
Edwd. Tipton, grocer

Henry Podmore, clothier 1 1

Job Orton, clerk 1 i

James Blakeway, malster 1 l

Thos. Studley, butcher 1 1

J onathan Williams, Do. 1 i

Geo. Brooks, Do. 1 i

Richd. Studley, Do., Pride Hill 1 i

Chas. Jones, waterman 1 i

Thos. Alcock, innholder 1 1

Abraham Jones, malster 1 i

Bichd. Studley, butcher, Butcher Row 1 1

Jo. Williams, barber 1 j

Wm. Walter, barber 1 j

John Harris, late bellman 1 i

Richd. Dicken, gent. 1 1

Job Browne, barber 1 1

John Whitfield, surgeon 1 i

Geo. Amler, gent. 1 1

Joshua Symmonds, apothecary 1 i

Saml. Parker, taylor - \ i

Edwd. Corbett, Esqr. j i

Timothy Seymour, draper 1 i

John Powell, Esqr. \ i

His vote was questioned, but he proved that
he was assessed for personal estate, and had paid
his assessment.

Joseph Houldston, skinner 1 \

James Cross, gent. j 1

Thos. Jones, chandler 1 i

John Scott, draper 1 ]

Wm. Bull, butcher j 1

Rd. Barley, painter j ]

Robt. Hesketh, tanner 1 1

Edwd. Studley, butcher 1 ]

Joseph Muckleston, gent, X 1

1

BOROUGH OF SHREWSBURY .

231

C.

Richd. Jenks, apothecary
Roger Maul, butcher.
Randle Burgess, tinnman
Edwd. Tonge, grocer
Wm. Harrold, cutler
Thos. Harris, glover
Edwd. Yaughan, sadler
Thos. Prosser, grocer
Wm. Harley, watchmaker
Rd. Jones, Esqr.
Richd. Phillips, grocer
Thos. Spenlove, shoemaker
John Bennet, goldsmith
Thos. Berrington, apothecary
Joseph Brain, taylor
Jonathan Denwall, Wild Cop
Simon Harwood
Richd. Phillips, clerk

Rejected ; not being assessed for anything
within the borough or suburbs. Mr. Phillips
claimed a right of voting for a piece of
ground about half a mile distant from the
town or suburbs. It was pleaded in favour
of his vote, that before the last resolutions
of the House of Commons, the borough was sup-
posed to extend as far as the liberties of the
town, therefore, all the places within the liberties
not expressly excluded in 2 and 3d resolutions
are a part of the borough. To this it was
answered, that the plain design of those resolu-
tions was to limitt the borough to the town and
suburbs thereof, the latter part would be super-
fluous and ridiculous, if the suburbs are not
understood to bound or terminate the borough.
It was then urged that this land was in the town-
ship of fTrankwell, which is one of the suburbs of
the town, and, therefore, within the suburbs. To
this it was answered that the suburbs of a town
do not include the lands but only the houses ad-
joining to the extremities of the town. A piece
of ground in the same township, with the suburbs,
is no more a part of the suburbs than a town
field is a part of the town to which it belongs —
A. & P.

John Powis, Esqr.
Thos. Teckoe, sheerman

K.
1

P.
1
1
1
1

232

THE POLL FOR THE

Samuel Blodwell, gent.
Joseph Grafton, butcher,

Rejected, being not assessed, and proved to
have often reced. charity — A & P.

Nathaniel Lewis

This Lewis was jointly assessed with one Heath,
and, tho' Heath was not distinguished by any
Xtian name, and opposite to their names in
the margin was entred Nat, Lewis never pays ;
yet, the votes of this Lewis and Richd. Heath
were admitted upon this assessment.

Richd. Heath, malster
Robt. Lathrop, apothecary
Richd. Lathrop, bookseller
Jacob Gibbons, gardiner
Thos. Betton, Brittish oylrnaker
John Skrimsher, Esqr.
Thos. Hotchkis, pavier
Henry Morgan, shoemaker
John Roberts, gent.

His vote was questioned, being a great part
of the year resident in London, but it appeared
that he had lodgings in the town, for which lie
had been many years assessed, and paid, and
wch. he frequently inhabited.

Ralph Waters, barber

Robt. Burgess, baker

Win Andrews, yeoman

Wm. Mason, victualler

Peter Leake, baker

John Leake, baker, Lee Stalls

John Leake, baker, Castle Abrogate

Edwd. Leake, chairman

Wm. Leake,

Rejected, not being assessed — A. & P.

John Cooper, baker

Richd. Grosvener, glover,

Rejected, not being an inhabitant. It was
proved that he had left Shrewsbury some months,
was settled as a journeyman in Worcestershire,
and had neither house or lodgings in the town or
suburbs — A. & P.

Andw. Corbett, Esqr.

C. K. A.

P.
1

1 1

1 1

1 1

BOROUGH OF SHREWSBURY. 233

C. K. A. P.

Wm. Grosvenor, baker 1 1
Bolas Hughes, joiner,

Rejected, not being assessed — A. & P.

Thos. Bennet, barber 1 1

John LLoyd, Esqr. 1 1

Saml. Heath, butcher 1 1

Saml. Cheek, hatter 1 1

Charlton Leighton, Esq. 1 1

John Bernard, malster 1 1

John Houldston, skinner 1 1

Saml. ffawkener, baker
Robt. Evans, baker
J ohn ffawkener, grocer
Thos. Orton, grocer
Jo. Steen, Kiln Lane
Richd. Harris, grocer
Thos. Gittins, shoemaker
John Twiss, draper, doubtful
Samuel Johnson, schoolmaster,

Rejected, being no Burgess. Mr. Johnson pro-
duced a certificate, as under the hand of Mr. Win.
Smith, formeilye Mayor of Shrewsbury, testifying
that one Sarnl. Johnson (alleged to be father of the
person in question) was a free Burgess of the town
of Shrewsbury. This certificate was signed, William
Smith, Mayor, and sealed wth the Mayor's Seal
of Office. In answer to this, the books upon the
table were appealed to, in which all the Burgesses
for 400 years arc recorded, together with an
Alphabetical Register of the same, in which books
neither this Samuel Johnson nor any of his
ancestors could be found. It was observ'd that
this certificate was no legal evidence in any
Court, that it was not sealed with the proper
Corporation Seal (which is never taken up to put
to any instrument but in the presence of 24
Burgesses), but with the small Seal which lies
always upon the table for common uses. That
this, therefore, was not the act of the Corpora-
tion, but a private act of the Mayor, that it was
evidence only that the Mayor at that time
thought him a Burgess, but the Mayor might
have been mistaken or imposed upon, that it is
probable this certificate was given (as many
more wero about that time) to save Mr. Johnson
from being pressed for a souldicr, and that in

234 THE POLL FOR THE

C. K. A. P

this case the Mayor might do more in his favour
than he ought. That tho' this certificate may
be a good presumption in Mr. John sod's favour,
where nothing appeared to the contrary, yet it
was no evidence at all where the books, the only
proper evidence, were at hand to be consulted.
That Mr. Johnson's father, now living, near
70 years of age, never voted, nor, as far as
appears, any of his ancestors ; on the contrary,
the Ffather offered himself to vote, but always
rejected — A. 6z P.

John Wood, junr., Castle Street 1 1

John Bromhall, baker 1 1

It was objected to his vote that he was no
Burgess, in support of which it was proved that
he pd Tensership several years, and that his
ffather had paid toll. This Tensership is a ffine or
acknowledgment commonly paid by persons
following trade in the town that are no Bur-
gesses, but it being insisted that it was paid
thro' ignorance or mistake, his ffather was called
and admitted to prove that he had voted at a
former election for this Borough, whereupon the
Mayor admitted his vote, but upon examining a
copy of the Toll for the year 1676 it appears
that all the ffamily of this Bromhall were upon
a scrutiny rejected as no Burgesses.

Thos. Blake way, gent. 1 1

John Corbett, Esqr. 1 1

John Ffox, glover,

Rejected, keeping house in the Parish of
Holy Cross, which is no part of the Borough
by resolution the 4th, renting a shop in the
Corn Market, was adjudged not sufficient to
make him an inhabitant of the town — -A. & P.

John Doncaster, malster 1 1

Henry Blakeway, gent. 1 1

Edwd. Cheshire, shoemaker,

Rejected, being proved to have received
publick charity — A. & P.

Richd. Russell, currier 1 1

John Tisdale, Etrankwell,

Rejected, being not assessed, and his burgesship
much questioned — A. & P.

John Aleoeks, clothier 1 1

BOROUGH OF SHREWSBURY.

John Read, cooper,

Rejected, being not assessed — A. & P,

Alexr. Hat ton, clerk
Echvd. Payton, writer
Henry Jenks, Esqr.
Rd. Harrison, grocer
John Lowe, draper (doubtful)
Thos. Wynne, senr., grocer
Thos., Wynne, junr., grocer
Price Muckleston, sadler
John Rowe, inriliolder
Thos. Hunt, Esqr.
John Ashby, gent.

In objection to his vote, it was asked whether
Mr. Cotton and Mr. Winn all were not joint-
tenants and assessed jointly wth him for the
stable he held who both declared upon oath that
Mr. Ashby was the only tenant, and pd the
whole Assessment himself.

James Mason, draper
Wm. Griffiths, malster
Charles Burley, glover
James Evans, watchmaker
John Richards, stone cutter

Rejected, being not assessed, nor named in the
Parish Book — A. & P.

Joseph Price, shoemaker
Roger Maul, junr.,

Rejected, being not named in the Parish Book —
A. & P.

Saml. Manning, draper,

Rejected, being disabled by the Palsy from
speaking or writing, and as appeared not of sound
memory or understanding. It was objected to
his vote that the Mayor was lyable to 500/j
penalty for taking any person's vote without
obliging, if called on, to take the oath against
bribery. That Mr, Manning was incapable of
being sworn, the oath being in tho first person,
I, A. B., do swear, &o«j from which form the
Mayor Was not at liberty to vary. Notwith-
standing this, they attempted to give his vote
in writing, by putting a paper already written
into his hand, and delivering it from him to tho

C. K.

235
A. P.

1 1

1 1

236

THE POLL FOR THE

Mayor. In this paper were found the names of
Robt. Pigott & Edwd. Kinaston, Esqrs. To
rectify this mistake, they desired he might vote
by giving his hand to two of the candidates.
Mr, Pigott offering his hand, he took it, but
refused to take Mr. Astley's. He was then pre-
sented to the other candidates, both of whom he
shook by the hand, and some other gentlemen
standing by.

Rowland Maddox, gent.,

Rejected, being no burgess. The Books were
appealed to, and no ffootsteps could be found of
any of his ancestors among the burgesses of the
town, and it was proved by the oath of the
Tollman that he had rec'd Toll constantly for
many years from Mr. Maddox 's ffather, mother,
and brother, and it was also proved that Mr.
Maddox himself had made application to be made
a burgess — A. & P.

Richd. Tomkis,

This man, being skreened from sight, one of
the Parish Officers, not knowing his name, and
insisting upon his being brought into view, dis-
appeared without demanding his poll — A. & P.

Another person, unknown by the name of
Thomas Davies, offered to poll, but, being-
questioned, disappeared in like manner — A. & P.

Henry Bowdler, gent. 1 1

Abraham Jones, gent. 1 1

Edwd. Lloyd, gent. 1 1

Richd. Lloyd, goldsmith 1 1

Richd. Scott, gent. 1 1

John Edwards, Esqr. 1 1

Edwd. Elisha, gent. 1 1

Edwd. Blakeway, draper 1 1

John Olivers, gent, 1 1

Isaac Pritchard, Esqr., Mayor 1 1

Thomas Winq-field, gent. 1 1

It was objected to his vote that he had left the
lodgings for which lie was assessed some time
before the election, in answer to wch Mr. Wing-
field affirmed that tho' lie hail designed leav-
ing his lodgings he had never actually quitted
them or given them up, but had writings and
goods in them all along to that time, and that

BOROUGH OF SHREWSBURY.

237

he was then tenant to them, paid rent for them,
and had taken them for a year longer. This Mr.
Wood, the landlord, confirmed upon oath. After
his vote was taken and Mr. Wingfield was gone
out of court, one of the Parish Officers desired to
be heard, and was admitted. He proved that
Mr. Wingfield had refused to pay his assessment
for those lodgings, and directed them to call
upon Mr. Wood, who paid it. Upon this the
Mayor ordered his vote to be marked down doubt-
ful. But the fact is that Mr. Wingfield repaid Mr.
Wood this assessment very soon after it was
' paid, and during the time that the officers were
collecting the assessment from the other parish-
ioners,

Bichd. Lyster, Esqr. 1 1

After this, the Managers for Mr. Astley and Mr. Pigott
offered a number of persons who did not so much as pretend
to be burgesses, but were willing to accept of the favour of
being such if the Mayor wod grant it, which was as much
as to say, Sr, we perceive that our numbers are short, but
if you will be pleased to make us 20 or 30 more burgesses,
we shall be able to poll with the other candidates. This
farce, tho' an insult upon common sence, the Mayor was
contented to bear wth a patient neglect. It lasted more
than half an hour, during wch time the Managers were busy
in voting 20 or more of these sham burgesses.

Upon casting the Poll, the Mayor declared the numbers
as follows : —

C Wm. Kinaston, Esquire 155

-p J Sr- Richd. Corbet t, Baronet 150

ior 1 Robt. Pigott, Esqr 140

lid. Prince Astley, Esq 135

And hereupon declared Win. Kinaston, Esqr., and Sr. lid-
Corbet t, Bart., duly elected.

A scrutiny was demanded, and granted to be held the next
day, but it being objected that more time would be necessary
to make out copys of the Poll, the demandants were left to
fix their own time, which was done for Monday, the 20th of
July, but the Under Sheriff next day acquainted the Mayor
that the Precept was to be returned before that time, he was
obliged to alter it to Monday, the 0th, of which the candidates
had immediate notice. Upon the day of the scrutiny Mr.

238 THE POLL FOR THE BOROUGH OF SHREWSBURY.

Astley and Mr. Pigott were sent to, but did not think it worth
their while to appear.

Upon the whole, it may be truly said that the Mayor
behaved through the Poll with great equity and candour ;
the noise and confusion wch prevailed in the Court might
fairly excuse for many mistakes in the discharge of this office,
but it does not really appear that he is answerable for any.
If in one or a few instances a nice examiner may suspect or
find something wrong, he will at the same time see that the
blame is to be laid elsewhere.

As the design of this paper was only to vindicate the pro-
ceedings of the Mayor, no notice would have been taken of
the different principles of the candidates or the merits of
either party, but the inodious distinction wcb in a certain
printed list has been put upon many of the voters for Sr. Ed.
Corbett and Mr. Kinaston, by marking them out as dissenters
from the Church, will excuse one in observing that those
dissenters will be tho* by most considerate men to have
given a better proof of their affection for the Church of
England in the p'sent Poll than those who voted on the
other side.

For the reason mentioned, nothing has been said of the
practises by which a great number on the part of the
minority were gained to vote against their old friends and
principles, and many against promises just before made, these
practices are notorious and need not be told.

239

EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY,
1372—1603.

TRANSCRIBED AND ANNOTATED
By Rev. W. A. LEIGHTON, B.A. (Caub.), F.L.S., &c.

In the Library of the Royal Free Grammar School
of Shrewsbury there has been long preserved a folio
MS. volume generally known as " Dr. Taylor's MS."
It is a folio 11 1 inches by 8 inches, of 460 closely
written pages. Prefixed is an elaborate Index, which
has been torn away down to the letter E, and the end
has been apparently similarly torn away. In this
tattered condition Dr. Samuel Butler, Bishop of Lich-
field, when Head Master, found it, and in 1814 caused
it to be substantially bound. The writing is that of
the age of Elizabeth, and, from various personal expres-
sions, evidently compiled by some person who lived
through the reign of Elizabet h and the early part of
that of James I. There is nothing throughout the
volume which will indicate the writer, but a note in
pencil by the late Rev. J. B. Blakeway states that
" I have heard that it was given to Dr. Taylor by Mr.
Lyster of Rowton/' audit may have been written by
some individual of that family who resided at the
Council House, their property. It is an interesting
gossiping Chronicle of the principal events which oc-
curred in England, France, and other portions of
Europe, and would be well worth printing entire. To
each year are prefixed the names of the Bailiffs of
Shrewsbury. I have transcribed all that relates to
Shropshire and Shrewsbury, and have added a few
notes to illustrate or explain the text. Dr. John
Vol. hi. af

240 EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY.

Taylor bequeathed a portion of his Library to Shrews-
bury School, and this MS. came with it. Dr. Taylor
was Canon residentiary of St. Paul's, Chancellor of the
diocese of Lincoln, and Archdeacon of Buckingham,
a learned critic and philologist. He was born in
Shrewsbury in 1704, and died in 1766. An elaborate
Biography will be found in Archdeacon Owen's admir-
able work Ancient and Present State of Shrewsbury,
1808, p. 377—396.

Anno D'ni 1372-3. 46-47 Edw. 3. Thomas cle Byringt'n,
Roger Atteyate, Bavlyffs of Salop.

1373- 4 John Stury & Roger Mutton1 Baylyffs.

1374- 5 Richard do Ponsbery & John Gefiereye Baylyffs.

1375- 6 William do Wythyforcl & Roger de Loryate,* Baylyffs.

1376- 77 Reynold dc "Mutton & Thomas Preede,3 Baylyffs.

1377- 78 1 Richard 2nd William de Langworth4 & John
Geffereys, Baylyffs.

1378- 79 William de Byryget'n & Jamys de Dyar, Baylyffs.

1379- 80 Rychard de Beort'n & Wyllyam de Weston, Baylyffs.

1380- 1 Wyllyam de Bvryngt'n & Thomas Preede, Baylyffs.

1381- 2 Thomas le Scynner & Rychard Russell, Baylyffs.

1382- 3 Wm. dc Byrynget'n & Hughe de Downefo we,' Baylyffs.

1383- 4 Thomas le Scynner & Thomas Preede, Baylyffs.

1384- 5 Wyllyam de Byrynget'n & Reynolde Muttun, Baylyffs.

1385- 6 Wyllyam de Byrynget'n & Hughe Wygan, Baylyiis.

1386- 7 John Geffereys\V; Reynold de Muttoon, Baylyffs.

1387- 8 Rychard Starry & Wyllva' de Beri'gtoon, Baylyffs.

1388- 9 Robart Thornes .V: Hughe Wygan, Baylyffs.

Ffrom thesse tAvo baylyffs last before namyd and all here-
after following agree wit li e the Escheker boock in Salop and
the sayd baylyffs now mad in the x\]th yere of Rychard the
second as aperthe in the sayde Escheker boock.

1389- 90 Hughe de Dowford5 Jacob Le Dyar, Baylyffs.

1390- 91 Reynold de Muttun & Robart de Grafton, Baylyffs.

1391- 92 Symond dc la To war, ^ Rondle de Ffourde, Baylyffs.

1 Owen and Blakeway History of Shrewsbury 1, 526, say Reginald
de Mutton.

2 O. & 13. loc. cit. say Roger de Foryatc.
8 O. k 13. say Thomas gride.

4 O. f$£ 13. say Will, do Longnorc.

5 0. k 13. say Hugh Doafowo.

EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY. 241

1392- 3 John Gefferey & Wm. de Beryngt'n, Baylyffs.

1393- 4 Thomas do Preede & Wm. de Wylleleye Baylyffs.

1394- 5 John Tyler & Ryehard Alderseot, Baylyfts.

1395- 6 Wm. de Berryngt n & Reynold Scryven, Baylyffs.
139G-7 Jolm Gefferey & Jacob Dyar, Baylyffs.

This yeare and the xxijth daye of January began a parlyme't
w'che contyiiewyd almost tell Xr'as and the' was adiornyd to
be kept at Shrosberve1 at hvllarv followinge.

1397- 8 Wm. Wvlleley & Nvcolas Gerrard, Baylyffs.

1398- 9 Robart thornes & Wm. de Byrryngtoon, Baylyffs.
This yere kinge Ryehard the second helld hys p'lyment in

Shrosbery.2

This yere at the forsayd paiiiame't holde' at Shrousbery the
Lord Reynold Cobbam3 was condempnyd and to be exhilyd
to the lies of Gernsseve there to remayne as an exhilyd p'son.

1399- 1400 (1 Henry 4th) Thomas de Pawnceley4 and Ryehard
Alderscott, Baylyffs.

1400- 1 Jacob le Dyar Thomas Portar, Baylyffs.

This year Wm. Ponsbery5 dyeed and lyethe in St.
Alkmond's in Shrousberw.

1401- 2 Robart de Grafton & Wm. de Beryngetoon, Baylyffs.
This yeare was scene in England a comott or blasinge starr

of an hudge quant itie & there folio wyd p'sently after the
Battellfylld.

This yeare the kinge wennt into Wales against Owen
Glendowr wth an Armye but dyd no good because they con-
vey'd themselves in unknown places, £e. I\Xd that tlie p'cell
of Shrowsbery fylld or Battellfylld next ensingc most be here
placed.

1402- 3 Robart Thorns & John Scryven Baylyffs.

This yeare and the xx\]th daye of July being fryday and
Mary Mawdelens eeven was Shrausberys fyld at the battell

1 After the execution of the Earl of Arundel the King apprehended
a rising of the Earl's tenantry, and as he purposed to seize his estates,
he thought his iniquitous measures could be effected more easily in a
provincial town. This O. & B. 1, 175, allege as the probable reason
of Shrewsbury being selected.

- This parliament called the Great Parliament was held Jan. 29,
1397-8.

3 Lord Cobham (or as O. & B. he. cit. call him Sir John de Cobham)
had been associated with the Earl of Arundel in opposition to the
King,

4 Thomas Paunteley O. k B.

5 Many members of the Pontesbury family were buried at St.
Alkmond's, see 0. & B. 2, 288,

242 EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY.

fild1 where the P'sys were slayne and beheaded who rebellyd
against Kynge Henry and were slaync at that battell many a
nobleman more.

1403- 4 Symond de La To war & Wyllyam Fostar, Baylyfs,

1404- 5 Thomas Skynner Rychard Sturry, BaylyrTs.

1405- 6 Wyllyam Towar, Wyllyam Beryngtoon & John
Pearle junior, BaylyfTs.

This yere Master Wm. Beringet'n2 being as this yeare one
of the baylys of Salop dycessyd and John Pearle was chosen
and snpplyed the place for the reast of the yeare.

1406- 7 John Pearle jimyor & John Scryven BaylyfYs.

1407- 8 John Glouer & Dauythe Rathebonne BaylyfTs.

This yeare Sir Henry Percy yearle of Northumberland and
father to one of the Persys that were slayne at Shiwsberie
battell wth other commynge wth a greate companye agaynst
the Kynge of England was slayne by the Shyreffe of Yorke-
shyre and hys head stricke of wfch another of hys lords wch ij
heades were sennt upp to London.

1408- 9 Rychard Sturry & Nycholas Shettoon BaylyfTs.

1409- 10 Eobart Thorns & Symo'dc de La Towar BaylyfTs.
This yeare Battelllilld colledge3 beinge nere Shrosberie was

foundyd by Kinge Henry the uijtJi where he ou'cam Syr
Henry Persy soon and others in remembrance of hys vyctone.

This yeare one benet tuptu' beinge a comm'e beare bruar
and dwell inge in St. Chadds churche yorde in Shrousberie
nowe callyd the colledge4 founded the Almeshowses in the

1 The details of this great battle must be sought for in O. & B.
1, 179-200.

2 O. & B. call him " senior."

3 The Charter of Henry IV. is as follows : — Henricus &c Omnibus
&c Sciatis q'd de gra' n'ra speciali cencessimus & licenciam dedimus
Ric'o Huse armig0 q'd ip'e duas aeras terre cum p'tinenciis in
Adbrighton Huso in com. Salop jacentcs in quodam campo vocato
Hateleyfeld in quo bellum inter nos et Hem-. Percy nup' adv'sarium
n'rm defunctum & sibi adherentes extitit, dare possit & assignare
dil'cis nobis Ko'go Yve capcllano & Jdh'i Miridin capellano in puram
& p'petuam elemosinam divina singulis dieb' in quadam capella
p' ipo's ibidem de novo faciend' edificand' & construend' p' salubri
statu n'ro dum vixini' & p' ai'a n'ra cum ab hac vita migravim' &
ai'a'b progenitor' n'ror t illor* qui in eodem bcllo interfecti fuerint
& ibidem humati existunt necnon p' ai'ab' om'i tidelium defunctor'
celebratur' impp'm $c Teste meipso apud Wcstmonast' vieesimo
octavo die Oetobris anno regni n'ri octavo.

4 For a description of the College of St. Chad see O. & B. 2, 2oG.

EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY. 243

sayd St. Chad's churche yordc in Shrcwsbery being a man at
that tyme of lx yeares of age.

1410- 11 John Pearle junior & Wm. Towar Baylyffs.

1411- 12 Nycholas Garrard & Wyllyam Hoortlo Baylyffs.

1412- 1.3 Dauythe Holbeche & Rychard Sturry. Baylyffs.

1413- 14 (1 Henry 5) John Gammell1 & John Glouer Baylyffs.

1414- 15 Nycholas Shettune & Robart Horseleye Baylyffs.

1415- 16 Dauythe Rathebonne & John Shettoon Bayl'.

1416- 17 Roger Corbet & John Pearle Baylyffs.

1417- 18 Roger Corbet & John Pearle Baylyffs. ■

Thesse baylyffs last reherssyd were chosse' agayne for thys
yeare so that they occupied the otiice for ij yeares.

1418- 19 Wyllyam Whoorde & John Ffostar2 Baylyffs.

1419- 20 Dauythe Rathboone & John Xorthampt'n Baylyffs.

1420- 21 John Glouer & Robart Whyteoom Baylyffs.

This yeare frenche religious howscs in Ffraunce and Abbeys
wth frear howses in England were suppressyd.

1421- 22 John Shettun & Robart Horsley Baylyffs.

1422- 23 (1 Henry 6) John Pearle and Nycholas Shetton
Baylyffs.

1423- 4 Wyllyam3 Towar & Vryan Semper Baylyfs.

This yeare and in the second yeare of Henry the vjth 1424
and in these balyves tymes one benet tupt'n here bruar dyed
who dwellyd in a brewehouse in St. Chadd's churche yorde in
Shrosberie wch afterwards was and nowe of late da}^es ys callyd
the colledge and was buriecd in St. Chadd's churche who laft
behynde hym a dough ter of hys namyd blase tupt'n who cam
by chance to be a leeper and made the or yell wch goythe a
longc the west syde of the sayd churche yarde throughe
wch she cam a loft, to heare s'uoys throughe a doore made in
the churche wale and so passyd usually uppon the leades unto
a glasse wyndowe throughe wch she dayly sawe and hard dayly
seiweys as longe as shoe lyvyd.4

1424- 5 John Gammel k> John Glouer Baylyffs.

1425- 6 John Shetton & Wyllya' Fostar Baylyffs.

This yeare and the xxvij daye of September Avas a terrible
Eartheqttacko all England over wcb dyd contynowe the space
of two longe howres.

1426- 7 Robart Whyteoom & Wyllyam Burley Bayl'.

1427- 8 John Towar' Wm. Whoorde Baylyffs.

1 O. & B. call him " senior."

2 0. & B. say jftogOT Forster.

3 0. & B. say John Tour.

4 See 0. and B, 25G.

5 0. & B. say William Tour.

244 EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY.

This year John Malvorne1 of oriall colledge in Oxford
fynyshyd hys boock by hym made and namyd the Yysyons
of Peerce Plowman.

This yeare in England was vereye unseasonable weether
for it raynyd most pt. contynuallye from easter to mychelmas
soom write from Aprell to Halloutyde.

1428- 9 Nycholas Shetton & John Pawnton Bayl'.

1429- 30 Roger Corbet & Rychard AYhoorde Bayl's.

1430- 1 Thomas Fostar & Vryan Semper Baylyfis.

1431- 32 Wyllyam Whoorde & John Shetton junior Bayl's.

1432- 3 Robart Whytcom & Thomas Thorns Bayl's.

1433- 4 Nycholas Shettoon & John Knyght Bayly's.

1434- 5 Thomas Forster & Wyllyam Burley Bayly's.

This yeare was a greate frost all England ove' the wch
duryd xj weeeks just by wch longe contynewance thamys at
London was so frossen ovr. that marchandise was of forse
karyed to Loondon by haunde.

1435- 6 Rychard Whoord & John Fawlk Baylls.

This yeare were scene iij soonns at once at wch present
folio wyd threefold rule in the churche or three man1" governme't.

This yeare was a greate tempest of wynde wch overthrewe
steeples howses & treese.

143G-7 Thomas Thorns & John Beggett BaylyfTs.

1437-8 Robart Whytcombe & John Seryven BaylyfTs.

143S-9 John Gamell & Rychard Burley BaylyfTs.

This yeare and the xxYt/i daye of November was a great
wynde wch dyd mutche hurtt in London and other placs.

1439- 40 Wyllyam Burley and Thomas Wotley BaylyfTs.
This yeare was a greate dearthe in England and in Fraunce

that the poor people made them breade of fetches, peason,
beanes and fernerootes.

1440- 41 Thomas Thorries & Thomas Myttoon BaylyfTs.

1441- 2 Robart Whyt combe & John Myttoon Bayly lis.

1442- 3 Rychard Burley & John Gamell BaylyfTs.

1443- 4 John Falcke Thomas Wotley BaylyfTs.

1444- 5 Wyllyam Burley & Rychard Sturry BaylyfTs.

1445- G Roger Ey toon & Wyllyam Bastard Baylyfis.

This yeare the kynge gave to the towne of Shreusberig a
nevve composi'con.2

144G-7 Thomas Fostar & Adam Goldsmyth BaylyfTs.

1 Malvorne was a monk of Ltllcshall Abbey. Other writers <nve
his name as William Langland. See Salopian Shreds and Patches,
vol. 1, p. 8, 58, and 111, and vol. 2, p. 10,

* See O, & B. 1, 212.

EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY. 245

This yeare dysseesyd Sr. Gryffythe Vaughan beinge sergeant
of the coyffe and lyethe burieed in St. Chaddes in Salop.

1447- 8 John Knyght John Falcke & John Gamell Baylyffs.
This yeare John Fawlk died <fc John Gamell chose in hys

place to be bayly.

1448- 9 Wyllyam Burleye & Rychard Sturrye Baylyffs.
This yeare Arthor Keltun of Salop gentil' & poete dyeed &

buried in St. Mary's.1

1 For particulars of the family of Kelton see 0. & B. 2, 329-331.
Arthur Kelton seems to have been born of a genteel family in Shrop-
shire, tho' said to have been a Welshman : & after he had made a
considble progress in arts, applied his mind mostly to the reads of
the histories of Britain, wherein he much excelled in his riper years.
But being withal very poetically given, he must forsooth write &
publish his lucubrations in verse, wh'by for rhime's sake, many
material matters, and the due timing of them, are omitted, and so
consequently rejected by historians and antiquaries, as his Chronicle
of the Brutes, Loud. 1547 in Oct.* printed in an old English character.
The preface of which being also written in verse, is by the author
directed to K. Edw. G at the end of the sd chronicle is,

A Genealogy of the Brutes. Tins is drawn from Osiris the first King
of Egypt down to K. Ed. 6, of England, and contains but about 32
generations, which shews that the author was ignorant in genealogies.
He hath also written another book of poetry in praise of the Welsh-
men, dedicated to Sir Wm. Herbert, but this I have not yet seen, nor
other (if any) of his things in prose. He was living at Shrewsbury
in the time of K. Ed. 6, and for ought I know to the contrary, died
also, and was bur. there.

I have discovered a pedigree of the Keltons of Shrewsbury in
Bowen's collections for Shropshire among Gough's MSS. in the
Bodleian. It commences with Arthur Kelton of Shrewsbury. The
subject of the present article I conceive to have been son & h. to Tho8.
Kelton by Mary dau. of George Ponsbury. He marrd Joan, dan. of
Riohd Morgan, and had issue William his s. & h. Here the pedigree
concludes.

Kel ton's Book of Poetry in praise of the Welsh mm is perhaps one
of the scarcest in the English language. Neither Wood, Ames,
Warton, Herbert, Bitson, or any other writer on bibliography or
poetry, appear to have seen it. I have, however, thro' the kindness

* A Chronyelc with a Gcnealoaic dcclaryng that the Brittons and Welshmen
arc lineallyc descended from Jlruic. Tim Chronicle, says Herbert, (Typ.
Antq. 523) appears to have been written in the time of K. lien. 8, but, he
dying before it was printed, the author dedicated it to K. Edw. (>. At the
end is a genealogical scheme of the descent of Edw. 6 from Brute ; it was
printed by Kichard CJrafton in sixteen*.

246

EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY.

1449- 50 Roger Eytoon & John Whoorde Baylyffs.

This yeare the burgesses and tenssars1 in Shrewsbury dyd
varye.

1450- 1 Robarte Scryvcn & Thomas Lloyde2 Baylyffs.

1451- 2 Jenckyn3 Gammell & Wyllyam Bastard Baylyffs.
This yeare began a commo'con by the Duke of Yorke and

other noble men commynge out of the marches of Wales wch
was apeacyd agayne for a time callyd the battell of Black
heath e.4

1452- 3 Rychard Sturry & Rychard Burley Baylyffs.

This yeare the Lord Talbott Erie of Shrosbery was slayne
wth a goon in the losinge of Burdeux in F ranee.

1453- 4 John Cole & Phyllyp Grace Baylyffs.

1454- 5 Wyllyam Burley & Robert Scryven Baylyffs.

1455- 6 Roger Eytoon & John Trentam Baylyffs.

This yeare my lorde of Shrewsbery and J ohn Trentam dyd.
mary and eyther of them had slayne a man.

1456- 7 Rychard Sturry & John Whoorde Baylyffs.

1457- 8 Nycholas Fytzharber & Roger Addys Baylyffs.

1458- 9 Robart Scryven & Nycholas Stafford Baylyffs.

1459- CO John Trentam & Thomas Byry'gtoon Baylyffs.
Thys yeare to say 1460 and in Trentam and Byryngtons

tyme being baylyffs and in the 39 yeare of Kynge Henry the
wjth was gratyd the composition of the towne of Salop alias

of a friend, obtained a sight of this very enrions pnbli'con. The copy
before me wants the title page, but I shall have no hesitation in
attributing it to the press of Grafton, and the last page supplies the
date, 1516. It commences on sign, a iii.

Mr. Bliss then gives extracts, and states that the concluding lines
of the poem draw a very just character of the volume : —

Go barberous boke, rusticall and rude,
Full unworthy thankes for to haue,
Oneles of benyng gratitude,
Gentell reporte listithe the to saue,
Nether arte thou pure, sincer, or graue ;
Confesse thy faulte blushe out for shame,
Thy wittcs are past, thy tcrmes out of fram.]

AYood's A thence Oxon, p. 1G6.

1 Tensers wero such as traded in the town without being burgesses ;
for which liberty they paid such fines as by the court lcet were set
upon them. Phillips' Shrewsb. 1G8.

2 0. k B. Lud or Luyt.

3 0. & B. John.

4 See 0. k B, 1, 223.

EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY. 247

Shreusberye and the fyrst xij Aldermen then chosen to assyst
and accompany the baylyffs then and from thence furthe.1

1460- 1 John Knyght and John Graftoon Baylyffs.

The same yeare was scene iij soons severally shyninge wch
afterwarde closyd all three togeather in one.

1461- 2 (1 Edward 4) Thomas Wynns & Thomas Stone
Baylyffs.

1462- 3 John Lloyd & Wyllyam Wotley Baylyffs.
1403-4 John Baxter & Hughe Hosyar Baylyffs.

This yeare was a greate pestelence wth a dry soomm' all
England over and a harde wynter.

1464- 5 Rychard Sturry & Thomas Myttoon Baylyffs.

1465- 6 Roger Knyght & John Cowltoon Baylyffs.

1466- 7 John Cowle & Edward Estope Baylyffs.

1467- 8 John Trentam & Thomas Wotleve Baylyffs.

1468- 9 Thomas Mytton & Thomas Goldsmythe Baylyffs.

1469- 70 Wyllyam Wotley & Thomas Ponsbery Baylyffs.
Thys yeare one Jhon Kumffrestoon2 of Salop dyeed who

1470- 1 Roger Knyght & John Baxter Baylyffs.

This yeare and in the moonthe of Apryll a0 1471.
Nycholas Stafford gentyi'3 dep'tyd thys p'sent lyffe who had
been baylyffe of thys towne of Salop in Henry the vj//t tyme
who was a woorthy gentilma' & wyse.

1471- 2 Hughe ftosyar & Rychard Watnor Baylyffs.

1472- 3 Thomas My t toon &*John Trentam Baylyffs.

This yeare the Ducke of Yorke4 was borne in the Blacke
frears wtbin the towne of Shrewsbcry the wch frears standethe
under Sainct Mary's churclie in the sayde towne estward.

1473- 4 Thomas1 Wotley & Thomas Ponspery Baylyffs.

1474- 5 Wyllyam Wotley & Roger Hor tun Baylyffs.

1475- 6 John Cole *^ Robart Apenyon Baylyffs.

This yeare the Lord Marches and the Lord Rytche went
throughe Shrewsberye to Os west cry e.

1476- 7 Thomas Mvttoon & Thomas Thorns Baylyffs.

1 Consult 0. & B. 1, 212, who place the date of this Composition
as 1444.

2 See his brass and inscription in O. & B 2, 288. He was a vintner
in Shrewsbury and admitted a burgess, 15 Edw. IV.

5 See an engraving of his incised slab in St. Mary's Church, and
some account of his family in O. & B., 2, 397.
4 Richard Shrewsbury, second son of Edward IV.

churche

Vol. iii.

AG

248 EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY.

This yeare one Degory Waters1 of Salop draper dyeed the
xxviijfA day of Julii A0 1477 and was buryed in Sainct Marys
churche in Salop in Trynytie Chappel he in hys lyfre tyme
buylded all the Almshowsen in St. Marys churche yorde and
dwellyd in the Almeshowse hall there amongst them and wold
also kneele amo'gst them in the same churche in a fayre longe
pewe made for them and hym selfe.

1 See 0. & B., 2, 231-337.

28 July 1177 Degory Waturs of Shrewsbury Draper Will

Imprimis I bequeath my soul to God the Father Almighty & to
our blessed Ladie & to all Saints & my body to be buried in the
Church of the Colledge of St. Marie in town of Salop.

Item I geve to the newe buyldinge of the said Church xiijs iiijd

to 3 orders of Fryars viz Preachers Mynas & St Austens

Devises to Richd. Watnr of Salop Drap all his lands <kc in Town
& fields of Assleye co. Salop — also one pasture called Kenefye as it
lyeth next Sutton — also one Shopp under the Guyld hallo now in
tenure of Wm. Sugden — also one Ten* in the High S*. in wh. sd. Rd.
now inhabiteth — also one Cottage in Shoppelogge now in tenure of
Edwd. Leeche — also a cert11 rent from a Ten*, in Marduall wh. John
Watur his Bro. lately inhabited — also a rent from a Ten*, in
Frankvile in tenure of John Wicke, Glover — to hold as in a certain
Deede thereof made more plainlie appcareth.

Bequeaths towards building a certain Chimpney

in the Drapers' Hall.

Bequeaths to Wardens of the Craft of Drapers for the repr'acons
of the lightes on Corpus Christi daie & for certn or' ch'ges th'abouts

y'rly to he recd from certu Tents to the sd Fraty,

or craft belg.

Gives to the Wardens of sd Craft & to thr succ'ors all his lands Sz
ten*8 above not beqd as in certain Deeds more plainlye appcareth, so
that the Wards & thr Succ'™ fynde an honest & vertuous Prieste to
cellybrate in the said Churche in a certain chappell called Heybournc
Chappell for the salvn of my soul my Parents & Benefactors Soules.

Also I will that the said Wardens of the sd rents sh1 suffly susteync
the poor people in our Almashouse called St. Mary Almeshouse set
next the Churche-yarde of the Colledge of St. Marie, in the sd Town
Wth all the reprations to the sd house belg.

If Wardens will not fulfil — power for Richd Watur to enter — &
fulfil,

Gives to Thomas Maddox of Asteley my coossen— also to Richd
Maddox — and to Maude Maddox. also to John .... & the
residue of goods to Rich : W

Appts Rich1 W. Kx'or.

Witnessed by Sir John Coline Sir Thomas .... Wm.
Kinge Thos. Goldsmith, Wm. Sugdon Roht. Emery Roger Heylyn
& many others,

EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY. 249

1477- 8 John Whoord & Roger Knyght Baylyffs.

1478- 9 Thomas Wptlcy & 1 nomas' Byryngtoon Baylyffs.
This yeare was there a greate dearthe, and also a greate

deathe wch happenyd in England to say so fyrse and quycke
a pestelence that there dyeed more therewth then xv yeres
warrs before wastyd wthin the space of iiij moentlies were
brought to their graves.

1479- 80 Thomas Goldsmythe & Wyllyam Sugedim Baylyffs.

1480- 1 Thomas Mytton is: Thomas Ponsbury Baylyffs.

1481- 2 Thomas Thornes & John Baxter Baylyffs.

1482- 3 John Whoord & John Gyttyns Baylyffs.

1483- 4 (1 Richard 3) Rychard Wantnor & John Wotleye
Baylyffs.

1484- 5 Thomas Myttoon & Roger Knyght Baylyffs.

This yeare and the 24 day of Aprell dep'tyd thys present
lyffe master Thomas Wot ley1 of Salop m' chant and maior and
marchant of the staple at Callys who also had been soondry
tymes baylyff of thys tow no of Salopc who lyethe buried in
St. J idly ans churche there.

Thys yeare in the monthe of August 1485 Henry Earl of
Rychmond cam owt of Bryttayne toward England wth a smale
companye and landyd at Mylford haven in Wales nighe
Penibroocke the vij claye of August havynge helpe inoughe
in England and so marchynge forward beinge stayed at no
place untyll he cam to the towne of Shrosberye where the
gates weare shutt against hym and the p'cullys lett downe so
the sayd Earles messenger cam to the gate to save the Walshe
gate commaundinge them to open the gates to theyre right
Kynge and mastr Myttoon made and swoore beinge head
bayly and a stowt Wysc gentilma' sainge that he knewe hym
for no k}mge but only Kynge Rychard to whom lie was
swoorne whose lyffe ten'nts he and hys fellowes weare and
before he should enter there he should goe over hys belly
me'aingc thereby that he wold be slayne to the grounde and
so to roon ov' hym before lie entryd and that he protestyd
vehemently e uppon the othe lie had tacken so the sayd Erie
retorriyd wth hys companye backe agayne to a vylledge callyd
Forten iij myles from Sh'orsburie where he laye that nyght
and in the morhingc foliowinge there cam embassadors to
speack wth the baylyffs rcqucstinge to passe quyetlye and that
the Erie theyre master dyd not meane to hurt the towne nor

1 Thomas Otteloy one of the first Aldermen appointed under the
Composition of Jlenry VI. (1444). He purchased the manor and
lordship of Pitchford where his family continued for 10 generations.

250

EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY.

non therin but to goe to trye hys right and that he promysyd
further that he wold save hys othe and hym and hys fellowes
harmeles upon thys they enteryd and in passinge throughe the
sayd Myttoon lay alonge the grounde and hys belly uppward
and so the sayde Earle steppyd ov' hym and savyd hys otho
and so passinge furfche and marchinge forwards untyll he cam
to a vyllage nere unto Lecester callyd Bossworthe where he
met Kynge Ry chard and hys enymys the xxijtJc of August
beinge Mondaye A° dicto.1

1485- 6 (1 Henry 7) Thomas Thorns & Nycholas Ponspery
lyffs.

his yeare and the fyrst yeare of Kynge Henry the vijf/i
was the fyrst begyninge of the sweatinge sycknes in England
contynewinge above ij monthes so that there dyeed in the
Cytic of London a greate number in the wch number dyed ij
mayres and vj Aldermen so that it fell so to passe that thys
p'sent yeare was iij maiors chosen in London one after
another.

This yeare wheate was at iijs the bushell and bay sallt at
ijs viijd and iijs the bushell in London.

1486- 7 John Woord & John Baxter Baylyffs.

1487- 8 Bychard Wantnor & John Wotley Baylyffs.

1488- 9 Thomas Myttoon & Roger Knyght Baylyffs.

1489- 90 Thomas Thorns & Thomas Ponspery Baylyffs.

1490- 1 John Gyttyns & Robart Thorns Baylyfi^.'

This yeare was wheate sold at London for xx<i the bushell
wch the' was county d deere.

1491- 2 Thomas Trent am & Floriw Semper Baylyffs.

1492- 3 Thomas Myttoon ,v Nycholas Ponspery Baylyffs.

1493- 4 Wyllyam Cowle & Wyllyam Ponspery Baylyffs.
Tliis yeare wheate was soldo in London for vjcZ the bushell

bay sallt at iijd ob. the bushell whyte sallt at vjd the
bushell whyte herringe at ixs the barrel redd herringe at
iijs the cade sprats at vyl the cade, and gasco^me wyne at
vjli the twnn.

And about thys tyme began the fowle scabbe and horryble
syckness called the freanche pocks.

1494- 5 John Gyttyns & Larrancc Hosyar Baylyffs.

This yeare a barrell of whyte herringe was soldo for
iijs iiijt?.

This year 1495 and in these baylyffs tymes the Escheker
was paynted withn furthe wth antycke woorck and the Armes

1 See 0. & B., 244.

EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY, 251

of England and Wales displayed wth the Armes of the towne
of Salop very beutyfully to behold.

This yeare the Kynge and the queene of England wth
prynce Arthor earn to Shrosbery1 and the same yeare the
check1" there was ordaynyd and newe franehes grauntyd.

1495-6 Nycholas Waringc & Hughe Walkar BaylyrTs.

149G-7 Thomas Myttoon & Edward Hosyar BaylyrTs.

Thys yeare was a cage of wood made uppon the Walshe
brydge and sertto' come pryveys bothe for men and wome' for
theyre eassme'ts whosoev'.

1497-8 Roger Thornes & Rychard Forster BaylyfTs.

149S-9 Wyllyam Cowle & Larrance Hosyar BaylyfTs.

Thys yeare good Gascoyne wyne was sold in London for
xls the toon and whete for iiijs the quarter wch ys after vjcZ
the bush ell and bay salt for iiijcZ the bushell.

1499- 1500 Nycholas Ponspery, John Lloyd Gyttyns2 &
Nycholas Warynge Bayly lis.

This yeare Nycholas Ponspery beinge baylyfT of the towne
of Shrewsbercy decessyd and was chosse' in hys place
Nycholas Waringe who supplyed the place untyll the yeres
ende.

1500- 1 Thomas Myttoon Thomas Trentam Baylyfifs.

This yeare was a greate pestelence in the cyty of Londoon by
reason whereof the kynge and queene saylyd to Callys.

This yeare dyeed Larrance Hosyar gentil' who had be'n
sondry tymes baylyif of thys towne of Salop and was buryeed
in the north e syde of St. Maris churche there wthin the same
churche.

1501- 2 Thomas Knyght & Edward Hosyar Baylyffs

This yeare decessyd one Win. Sugedoon Alderman of thys
towne of Shrosbery the vi\)th daye of November beinge master
of the company of the Drapers and had ben baylyfte of thys
towne of Salop who lyetlie buryed in Saynct Chadds churche
there.

This yeare Ladye Katheryn daughter to Ferdinando Kynge
of Spayne landyd at Plymmouthe in England ye 4th October
who was maryed wthin x dayes after hyr aryvall unto prynce
Arthor in Powles churche woh Arthor dyeed at Ludlowe the
seconde of Apryll followinge and was buried at Worcester.

1 In rhillips' Hist, Shrewsb. is an account of 1 ho expenses of
entertaining the royal visitors,

2 O. & B. call him John Lloyt.

252 EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY,

This yere was deerccd that thosse names wcb might call the
ellecton should be put in a bagge for indyfferency & ij of them,
pullyd out.

1502- 3 Wyllyam Cowle & Rychard Dychar Baylyffs.

1503- 4 Rychard Myttoon & Thomas Wythyford Baylyffs.

1504- 5 Thomas Myttoon Roger Forster & Wyllyam Myttoon
Baylyffs

This yeare dyeed Thomas Myttoon beinge baly of thys
towne of Shrousberie and Win Myttoon chosen in hys place.

1505- 6 Roger Thornes & Thomas Knyght Baylyffs.

1506- 7 Rychard Lyster & Edwarde Hosyar Baylyffs

1507- 8 Thomas Trentam & Edward Knyght Baylyffs.

1508- 0 (1 Henry 8) Wyllyam Myttoon & Thomas 'Wythyford
Baylyffs.

15*09-10 Roger Thornes & Thomas Knyght Baylyffs.

1510- 11 Nyehola-s Waringe Davy d Ireland & Edward Hosyar
Baylyffs.

This yeare dyceassyd Nycholas Waringe beinge baylyffe of
the towne of Shrosberye and Edward Hosyar was chosen in
hys place.

1511- 12 Thomas Trentam & Sr Thomas Kynnaston Baylyffs.

1512- 13 Wyllyam Myttoon Thomas Trentam & Rychard
Myttoon Baylyffs.

This yeare dyeed Syr Thomas Kynnaston late Baylyff of
Shrosberye and lyethe buried in Saynct Marys churche who
was a woorthy Knyght.

This yeare Wm Mytton dyed & Rychard Myttoon cliosen in
hys place.

1513- 4 Thomas Knyght & Wyllyam Jannyns Baylyffs.
This yeare died Mr. Wm. Myttoon and lyethe buried in

St. Marys churche by the hyghe aulter uppon the west syde
of the same.

1514- 15 Rychard Pursell & Roger Luter Baylyffs.

This yeare 1514 and in the begynni'ge of these baylyffs
tymcs one Thomas Ponspery1 soomtyme baylyffe of ■' thys
towne of Salop deeessyd and lyethe buriced in St, Alkmonds
churche there.

1515- 16 Robart Dudley & Roger Thorns Baylyffs.

1516- 17 Thomas Trentam & Thomas Hosyar Baylyffs'.
This yeare there was sittche a frost in England so extreme

and of sutchc contynuance wch was for the space of almost
vj weeks.

J See the inscription on his brass in O. & B., 2. 288.

EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY. 253

This yeare decessyd Thomas Trentam wthin ij or three
clayes before the elect'on of the newe baylyffs.

1517- 8 Thomas Knyglit & Wyllyam Jannyns Baylyffs.
This yeare clyeed in England many of the swetinge sicknes

wth a generall faniyn and pestelence.

1518- 9 Rychard Mytton & Ryehard Purcell Baylyffs.

1519- 20 Thomas Wythyford David Ireland & Roger Luter
th' elder Baylyffs.

Thys yeare Wythyford beinge baylyffe of thys towne of
Shrewsbury dyed who lyethe burieed in St. Mary's churche
there and Roger Lut' chosen in hys place.

This yeare was a generall chapter of blacke frears in the
towne of Shrosbery.

1520- 1 Ronclle Byston & Edward Bent Baylyffs.

This yeare and in these baylyffs tymes one Gryffythe ap
Yevan ap Davyd alias Gryffythe Nycknam a cruell and
notable outlawe of Wales was tacke and brought to Shrews-
bery and there had hys iudgeme't to be hangyd drawne and
quarteryd and hys lied sennt to thys towne of Shrosberie
wch was put up uppon the topp of the Welshe gate
there, and the cause why he cam to be an outlawe or
rebell ys thys he was an honest man and a good farmar
dwellynge at a farme in Wales callyd mycknym and so
in p'cesse of tymc usually callyd Gryffythe mycknym be
so surnamyd throughe hys dwellinge uppon the sayd
farme place so namyd yet notwthstandinge further usurpyd
and nowe of late days callyd and commynyd ov' uppon
the name of gryffethe nycknam thys gryffythe uppon a
certe' tyme having a number of cat tell stolle from hys farme
place (as in thosse days Wales was soomwhat wylld one
stclinge from another) the calves of wch kyne machinge
sutche bletinge noyse and pytyfull crye that he was soe
and in sutche greevyed agony that he wylfully drove the' all
bei'g about the number of xi in to a dccpe water harde upon
hys farme and drownyd them and so uppon the same made
a wyckyd vowe sware a desperate wothe that he wold never
contente hymselie before he had spoylyd that kynrad that had
stolle hys kyne and so p'sentlygave hym sellffe to owlarye and
dyd many wyckyd deads wch lie confessyd at hys execuc'on and
especyally that ' wch grevvd hym most wch was that lie mett
wth a wooman wUl chylde and throughe occasyon of talk
slcwe hyr and ryppyd the childe out of hyr belly and tossyd
it uppon hys speare toppe s])rallinge quycke and havynd
delyte to see it so dye wch was kynn to the wch stole hys
cattell.

254 EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY.

This yeare was a greate plage in London and in many other
placys of the real-me.

1521- 2 Roger Thorns & Thomas Hosvar Baylyffs.

1522- 3 Robert Dudley & Edmund Cowle Baylyffs.

This yeare was a parlyment at the black frears at London
and the burgessys for the wch parlyme't for the towne of
Shrewsbery weare apoynted master Edmond Cole & Mr. Adam
Myttoon in the wch parlyme't was graimtyd a greate subsedye.

This yeare one Morrys Mynttoon of thys towne of Shrews-
berie and beinge one of the Counsell of the sayd towne died
and was buried in the ladie chappell in St. Chadds churche
there beinge a vcrteous man and a good occupyer and dyd put
many poore people on woorckc.

1523- 4 Adam Mytton & Wyllyam Gennyns BaylyfTs.1

This yeare 1524 and the xxiijf/i of Ap'll dyscessyd master
Edward Burtoon2 gentil' and lyethe buryed in St. Chadds
churche in Shrosbcrie wlhin St. Gorgys chappell there.

This yeare was wheate at iiijs the bushel! and rye at ijs xd
in the towne of Shrewsbcrie.

1524- 5 Davyd Ireland & Rondle Byston BaylyfTs.

This yeare in the towne of Shrewsberie wheate was sold for
vjc? a bushell and rye at iiijcZ t he bushell.

1525- G Roger Thornes & Thomas Hosyar Baylyffs.

This yeare golde was inhaunsyd by p'clamacon to say the
frenche crowne at iiijs vjd the Angell at vijs vj(Z and the
Ryall at xjs ijd and so ev'y pece after the valo'r aforesayd.

This yeare the plage3 was in the towne of Shrewsbery.

This yeare was unsesonable wether in England that it
raynyd from the xijfA of Aprell to the thryd of June day and
nyght contynuallvo wch was vij weecks and ij dayes.
"152G-7 Robat Dudley & Edward Bent Baylyffs.

This yeare was sutche scassetie of all things in England
by reason of the unseasonable weather in England aforesayd
that manye diced for default of breedde.

This yeare in August was Rye at ijs iiijcZ and wheate at
iijs iiijcZ the bushell in Shrosbcrie.

This yeare wheate was at London at xvs. the quarter.

1527- 8 Addam Mytton & Wyllyam Bayly Baylyffs.

1528- 9 Edmond Cowle & Dayid Ireland Baylyffs,

1 0. & B. say William Bayly.

2 Sec an engraving of his incised alabaster slab (now in Atcham
Church) in 0. & B. 2, 230.

3 In 1525 great numbers died of the plague, which was followed by
a dearth. Phillips' Shrewsbury, 17.

EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY. 255

This jere dyed Rog' Luter of Salop gentill' & lyethe buried
in ye Lady chapell in St. Chadds.

1529- 30 Thomas Hosvar & Rondle Byston BaylyfTs.

1530- 1 Roger Thornes & Rychard Bryckdale Baylyffs.
This yeare 1531 dyed Master Roger Thorns1 callyd the

wyse thorns of Shrosbcry for that bothe towne and countrey
repayred to hym for advyse whoe gydyd this towne polytyckely
& lyethe buried in St. Mary's chu'che.

1531- 2 Robart Dudley & Addam Mytton BaylyfTs.

This yeare was there a plage2 agayne in thys towne of
Shrewsbery.

1532- 3 Thomas Byryngton & Nycholas Pursell BaylyfTs.
This yeare and in thesse baylyffs tymes was one John

Goldsmytlie a yongc man was drawen throughe Shrosberie
and hangyd for coyninge of money approvid uppon hym.

1533- 4 Edmund Cow le cV: Thomas Hosyar Baylyffs/

This yeare 1533 uppon twelfft daye in Shrewsbury the
dyvyll apearyd in Sainct Alkmonds churche there when the
preest was at highe masse wth greate tempest and darknes so
that as he passyd throughe the churche he mouiityd up the
steeple in the sayde churche t cringe the wyer of the sayde
clocke and put the prynt of hys clawes uppon the 'm]th bell
and toockc one of the pynnacles awave wUl hym and for the
tyme stayed all the bells in the churches wthin the sayd towne
tnat they could neyther toll nor rvnge.

1534- 5 Rychard Hussey Wyllyam Bayly & John Waters
Baylyffs.

This yeare also all the abbeys and pryorics wth nooneries
in all England were vysyted by one Doctor Lee beinge
auctorisyd by the kings m!i.

This yeare Wyllyam Bayly beinge one of the baylyffs of
Salop as thys yeare dysceassyd at bartlem owtyde and John
Waters chosen in hys place for to serve out the wast of the
yeare.

1535- G John Thorns & David ap Owen Baylyffs.

This yeare were all the chantries presented to the queenes
mli.

This yeare were smal bowses of religion suppressycl.

This yeare there cam iij Ducks throughe Shrewsbery to say

the Ducke of Rychemoond the Ducke of Northefolke and the

Ducke of Suffolke wth a greate retynewe.

1 Sco 0. & B. 2, 308.

2 This plague is not mentioned by Phillips.

Vol. hi. ah

256

EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY.

This yeare was cliardge gyven ov' all Englaund that the
pater noster, creede and tenn comma'dyme'ts to be lernyd and
sayd in Englyshe.

This yeare was a greate plage1 in Shrewsberye.

This yeare was a maltman slayne in grope lone in Shrews-
burie wth the fall of a wecke chymney in an old howse there
wch fell upon hym in tying the horse there after he had
pytchyd hys loade.

153G-7 Nyeholas Pursell & Roger Lewys als' Pope Baylyffs.

This yeare was there an Earthequacke in the towne of
Shrewsberie.

1537- 8 Edmund Cowlo & Adam Myttoon Baylyffs.

This yeare all the notable Imagys in England unto the wch
peoyle usyd to goe to in pylgremage weare utterly taken
awaye wth all shrynes.

This yeare all the abbeys and frear howsen in England were
suppressed theyre goodes tacken to the kyng's use.

This yeare lord Groom well beinge Lord Pryvey seale and
vicegere't to the king's mfci sennt furthe Iniunctions to all
byshopps and curats through e the realme charginge them to
see that in ev'y parryshe churche the byble of the largyst
volume pryntyd in Englyshe weare placedd for all men to
reede on and that a boocke of regester were also provydid
and kept in ev'y p'rishe churche wherein shalbe wrytten
ev'y weddinge christ'ningc & burieinge wthin the same p'yshe
for ev'.

1538- 9 Thomas Byrryngtoon & Thomas Irelande BayT.
This yeare dyed Thomas Hosyar and Robt. Dudley beinge

Aldermen and of good eallinge in thys towne of Salop.

This yeare one Ry chard Brewer of Salop beinge Ih'on
Brewers soonn the brewar was soddenly slayne passinge
throughe the gate of the Walshe bridge in Shrosbery by the
reasoon of a great Hare of wynde blewe the gates togcather as
he passyd the same that hys head beinge betwexet them
red sutche a bio we that the braynes fell owt, and so p'sently
died and never spack woorde.

1539- 40 Davyd Owen Ryeliard Atkys & Rychard Brycke-
dale Baylyffs.

This yeare ste' Abbotts and prccsts of England weare
hangyd drawe' and quartcrr'd in soondry places ot the realme
for denyeinge the Kyngs Supremcsy.

This yeare was tliere a greate deathe and drought in all
England that there wold have ben gyven one bushell for the
giyndinge of another.

1 This occurrence of the plague is not noticed by Phillips.

EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY.

257

This yeare decoassyd Davyd Owen beinge one oftlio baylyffs
for this yeare and Ry chard Bryckedale was chosen in hys
place.

1540- 1 Nycholas Pursell & John Mackwoorth Baylyffs.
This yeare Thomas Davys al's Fletcher being sergiant as

this yeare to master Nycholas Pu'sell baylyffe wyckydly
murtheryd on the YValshe bridge in Shrosbery on namyd
Carr a jnrneyman of Thomas Jucks of Slirosbery Shomacker
and furthe wfch the sayd sargiant fiedd to Callys & after had
hys p'doon.

This yeare was a p'clamacon y* the byble in Englishe shulde
be had in ev'y parishe churche in Englaund.

1541- 2 Adam Myttoon & Edward Hosyar Baylyffs.

This yeare the kinge toock a great loane of money of the
subiects of Englaund.

1542- 3 Rychard Myttoon & Thomas Byryngtoon Bayliffs.
This yeare and the xxvij/A of January Byshop Rowland1

beinge lorde presydent of the marches of Wales was burieed
in St. Chaddes churche before the highe ault' there under
a toombe of marble stone beinge one the right hand who
brought Wales beinge at hys fyrst comy'ge very wylde in
good syvilitie before he dyed who said he wold macke the
whyte sheepe keepe the blaeke.

1543- 4 Thomas Ireland2 & Roger Luter Baylyffs.

This yeare chaunsyd iiij Eelypses one of the soon the
xxiiij^ of January and iij of the moone a strange thing and
suche as hathe not. happenyd se thins the tymc of Charles the
greate.

This yeare was gold inhawnsyd and basse money coy n yd.

1544- 5 Humphrey Onslovre ic Nycholas Pursell Baylyffs.
This yeare all the Stues and brothell bowses in all England

were put downe.

1545- G Thomas Moongrombery & Rychard Dawys Baylyffs.
This yeare and the xxiiij^ of November a Parlyme't begun

at West' by auctorvtie wliereol was grauntyd to the kinge a
subsedie of ijs viijd the pounde of goods and iiijs the pounde
of Laundes to be payd for ij years space and all colledges
chauntres and hbspytalis gyve to the Kinge to a better orderc
for the glory of god and common welthc.

This yeare and the xxij//i day of January 1545 and in these
baylyffs tymes there was a greate lloodd in Shrosbery and the

1 Rowland Leo Bp. of Lich. & Cov. 1534-1513, died at the
College of St. Chad, of which his brother, George Lee, was Dean.

2 0. & B. call him " senior."

258

EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY.

xxiij^ daye the stoane gate1 of the same towne there at v of
the clocke in the morninge fell downe and beinge therin at the
fall a prysonar for fellonye who was so woonderfully and
myracuously savyd contrary to all p'sons expecttac'on and
dores & wynde's barryd and loekyd and also bolts on hys feate
for the wch he was lett goe and pardonyd.

This yeare the xvjf/i day of July 154C were bunryd in
Smythenlld iiij p'sons whose names were mystres Ann Askewe
a gentil woman borne to good lyvyinge Nyeholas Otterdon
preest a Shropshyreman, John Adams a taylor of London and
John Lassells gentil of the courte and housholld of Kinge
Henry the viijf/i all iiij burnyd togeather and Doctor Shaxton2
soomtyme byshop of Salysburie preached in a pulpyd made
there at the same fyere and there recantyd p'swadinge them
to do the lyke but they wold not.

154C-7 Adam Mytton k Roger Lewys als Pope Baylyffs.

This yeare Images were commaundyd to be put downe and
owt of the churches, and beades, and precession forbydde', and
preests grauntyd to marry in England.

This yeare in Adam My t toon and Roger Popes tyme the
pycture of or Lady owt of St. Mary's in Shrosbery and the
picture of Mary Mawdelen and the pycture of St. Chaddes
owt of Sainct Chadds churche in the same towne were wreare
all three burnyd in the market place there commonly callyd
the corne mareket.

This yeare and in the foresayd baylyh's tymcs the boothe
hall in Shrosbery was * reedyfyed to saye walls and ruffs by
master Humftrey Onslowe of the same towne and all thoughe
the towne allowyd hym parte yctt it cost hym dooble so
mutche of his owne puree therefore most woorthy of the prayse
therein.

1547-8 (1 Edward (!) Edward Hosyar and Wm Why takers
Baylyffs.

Tliis yeare in November and in tlie fyrst yere of Edward
the vjth there was a parlyme't helde wherin was g'antyd and
gyve' to the Kynge all chaunteries, free chappells and broothe'-
hoods, the communyon to be mynystreed in bothe kyndes
and churche servers to be sayd in Englyshe throughout all
England.

1 This was wkit is now called the English Bridge.

2 Nicholas Shaxton was elected Bishop of Salisbury 1535 but
resigned 1039 for not subscribing to the Six Articles.

EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY. 259

The sargints names were Bobart Webster com'e, Davyd
Yevans, Ric' ap Ric' who went a warfare1 ....

1548- 9 Thomas Byryngetoon & John Mackwoorthe BaylyfTs.
This yeare was set furthe in England by aucthorytie of

Parlyment a boocke made for the unyformytie of common
prayer and the admynystrac'on of Sacrame'ts in Englyshe and
the masse was cleane abolyshyd.

This yeare & the tuesday after Ester hollydays ij yongo mo'
of Salop whose names were Edmonde Reynolds & Koba't
Clarcke were smootherid under the castell hill hiding the'
selves from mayds the hill fallinge p* therof upon the'.

This yere were chose' s'gyants for Salop Roger Woorrall
com'e W1U Pyper & Hughe Barbure.

1549- 50 Rychard Myttoon and Humffrye Onslowe Baylyffs.
This yeare Sir Rowland Hyll beinge as thys yeare maior of

London free of the mercers and a Shropshyre man whose
goodd deades and lyberalitie to thepoore are not to be hydden
that ys to say he was a grave and woorthy father of the cytie
and longe before hys deathe he gave ov' hys occupy'eg gyvinge
hym sellfle wholy to purchasing of launds havinge never a
chyld in the world the grettyst part of hys launds lay in
Shroppshyre where he bare great e rule and never raysyd
remits nor toocke any fyne of hys tenannts he suffryd the
chyllde to inioy the fathers farme before all others he was the
frynd of the wydowe & fatherles, he gave ycarely to the poore
people of the contrcy iijc shyrts and smocks and as many
frocks and coates to cov' them wtbal, he made a causey iiij
mylcs of leangthe from Stone to Nontwch he made also a
cawsey in Warwyckshyre of ij myles of leangthe to say from
Donchurchc to Branson and gave xx1 in ready money towards
the mackinge of Roy t ton brydge iij myles from Coventry he
made the highe way to Kylboorne near unto London, he made
iiij brydgs ij of them of stone h'inge bothe xviij arches to say
the one ov' the ryv' of Sevarn callyd Atcham brydge and
thoder Terne bridge and thoder two of tymber at Stocke and

1 This is the first mention in the MS. of the Sergiants, whose office
was considered as of some importance. They were to be burgesses
and residents and to be annually elected. Their duty was to carry
the maces before the Bayliffs and to execute all writs and processes.
Amongst the Corporation Plate are 3 silver maces respectively of the
age of Henry Yll. Elizabeth and Charles 1. At Bridgnorth the mace
is surmounted by a crown w hich is made to unscrew and form a drink-
ing cup. An excellent Paper on 4< Civic and other Maces " is in the
Anti<f»w% Jan. 18^0, p. GO.

260 EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY.

he buylt a good pfc of Stock churche, he buy 1< led a notable free
scoole at Drayton in Shropshire wth master and usher and
sufficient, stipende for thera bothe for ev' he also purchasyd a
free fayre to the sayde towne wth a free rn'ket weeekely and a
fre'o marcket for cattell ev'y xiiij dayes he gave also to the
releeffe of the poore in the hospytalls in London in hys lyffe
tyme vcli and at hys deathe he gave jc pounds to the poore of
all the wardes in Londoon besyds many other charitable and
naturall deads as helpinge and preferringe his poore kynsfolks
and servaunts to great lyvings and p'motions.

This yeare about thys tyme the Lord maior of Lond' beinge
Sp Rowland Hyll and hys breethren the Alderme' purchasyd the
borowe of South warcke lyberties belonging to the same wch was
in the kyngs hands.

This yeare and in thesse baylyffs tymcs dysceassyd John
Mynton of this towne of Shrosbery draper and dyeed a
batchelar & of greate wcalthe he laft c11 to the poore he was
not unmyndfull of hys kynsfolks he dyeed a faythefull X'rian
and a true constant p'testant he was a true occupyar and
delyd justly wth all thosse Sherme' that wrought for nym he
never stoppyd wth them any peney but paycle the' alwas redy
money.

This yeare dysceassyd mystres Katheryn Dudleye a vertuous
wooman and very very bowntyfull to the poore in feedinge
and clothinge in her lyffe tyme as also at hyr deathe many a
hongry sowle.

This yeare trynytie tearme was vcioarnyd untell mychclmas
because the gentylme' should tarry at home to keepe the
people in quyctt from eommocyons.

The S'giats were Thomas Fy slier come' Richard Owen &
Edward Harcoote.

1550-1 Nycholas Pursell & Thomas Irelande Baylyffs.

This yeare the swetinge sycknes1 raignyd in England and
began fyrst in thys towne of Shrowsbery the xxijth of Marche
and ran through the realme and began in London the ixth of
Julii and contynewyd there not passing a weecke and dyeed
there the number of yiije p'soonns of the to wads youthe in
all the cyte and in theyre best tyme and the sayd Swatt
fell uppon noil but Englysbraen and followyd Engiyshe men
not onely wthin the realme but in forayne countreys beyonde
the sease wch was a greate exsample to England of gods
gcntyll correct/on.

1 Sco 0. & B. 1. 314, for this disease, and Dr. Cains BoJce or
Connscill of the same. For 1 lie nature of this sweating siekness and
regimen for its cure, see Phillips, p. 17,

EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY.

261

"This yeare and the ixth of July the basse money wch was
coyned in the tyme of Kinge Henry the viij^ and Kynge
Edward the yjth was p'elaymyd the shylling to goe but for
ixd the grote for iijcZ wch toock effect immediately after the
p'clamacon.

This yeare and the xvijth daye of August was another
p'clamac'on of the bateme't of moneye the shyllinge that was
brought to ixd was abassyd to yjcZ and the iiijcZ to ijcZ and the
ijd to jd and the peny to a halfe penye.

This yeare and about thys tyme were seene dyv' strange
and monsterews things as iij soonns iij moones somtymes
pale sometymes bloodye in marvellows fryghtfull order.

The S'giats this yere were Roger Wright com'es Peerse
Wright & Harry Fallows.

1551-2 Roger Luter & Ry chard Whyttacks1 Baylyffs.

This yeare and the xviij£7i daye of October one Elizabethe
Byckerstaffe was buryed in St. Chaddes in Shrosbery who was
murtheryd by one Thomas Byckerstalfe hyr kynesman and
one Thatcher weh murther was doon by the sayd p'ts vij
weecks before shee was foonde to say in the moonthe of
August 1551. the man' of the murther was thus, thys
Elyzabethe Bycker' beinge an agyd wooma' kept the sayde
Byckerstaffe beinge kynn unto hyr, for chary tie sake from
a chyld tyll he cam to mans state and suckeryd hym styll
and 'at the lengthe confederated hym seli'ie wth the sayd
Thatcher and cruelly in hyr bedd murtheryd hyr in cruell
man' cuttinge of hyr head amies legs k, thyghes and so
buryed hyr unde' hyr bedd in the grownde and made up the
place fayre againe and the next daye he made great a doe and
requestyd that scrche should be made bothe in fylds and
waters lest she should be myschansyd or drownd upon this
greate serche was made but could not be founde wher uppon
the sayd Byckerstaffe seamyd to lament mutche and then
stayd untyli the landlorde cam to stray no for remit and to
make an entry for no paymc' and want of reparac'ons and
beinge in. the nowse a stenche, the doggc who cam wth hym
scrapyd under the bedd and so suspecting the p'myses the
grownd was presenntly diggyed and so foounde hyr there
buried wth shyjj^^es heades and other boanes cast in \vtlje hyr
and presently Byckyrstaile was tacke' and executed accord-
ingcly and shortly after Thatcher after hys fyrst escape
retoornyd and was in lykc case aprchendyd and executyd.

1 0. & 13. say Whiitakord.

262 EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY.

This yeare and the xxx of October was publyshyd by
p'clamacon serten no wo coyncs bothe of gold and syl' to say
soveraigns of fyn'e gold at xxxs. angells of fyne gold at xs. and
dyv' other gold of lesser valewe a pece of sylv' of vs. a pece of
ijs. vjd a pece of xijo7. and soondry other smale peces of
moneye.

This yeare by the labor of one Hughe Edwa'ds of Salop and
late of London mere' and master Rychard Whyttacks being
as thys yeare one of the baylyffs of thys towne of Shrewsbery
was laboryd to the Kyngs mli for anwetie of xxli. for and
towa'ds the mayntenance of a free scoole1 in the sayde town
of Shrewsbery for ev' \vch was obtaynyd to the greate p'ferm't
of the youthe of that towne and t he quarters there adioyninge
in good lerni'ge and godly educac'on the wch scoolehowso ys
sytuat nere unto the castell gate of the same towne uppon a
goodly p'spect.

This year and the xxiijf//, daye of Mayo 1552 a servant of
Thomas Reynolds bruar was drownyd at the Walshe brydge
in Salop foond agayne 00 buriecd in St. Chads the same daye.

This yeare was a parlyme't in the wch prests childre' were
made legyttymate and userie for the loane of money forbydde'.

This yeare and towards the latt' ende of these baylyffs
tymes the Stoane gate of this towne of Shrewsburye was made
up agayne in better force and coomlyer manerthen it was before.

The S 'gyants names were John Meredeth comes Edward
Clarck backar & John Blesse.

1552-3 (I. Mary) Syr Addam Myttoon & Roger Lewys als'
Pope Bayly its.

1 Edward YI (10 Feb. 6 regni) founded a free grammar school in
Shrewsbury to endure for ever and to be called " a free grammar
schoole of Kinge Edwarde the sixt for the education bringing upp and
instruction of children and youthe in grammar" to have one school-
master and one under-schoolmaster. For this purpose he gaveto the
town of Shrewsbury his tithes of " Sheffe blades, gray ne and hey "
in Astley, Sensawc, ClyiTe, Leiton and Almond Park lately
belonging to the dissolved College of B.V.M. Shrewsbury, also
the tithes in Frankewell, Beltou, Woodcott, Horton, Bickton,
Calcott, Shclton, Whitley and AVhelbaclie lately belonging to the
dissolved college of St. Chad Shrewsbury ; the clear annual value of
all which was then t20. 8. 0 ; the corporation to appoint a school-
master and under-schoolmaster and (with the advice of the bp of
Lichf.) to make statutes for the order of the school, the masters'
salaries and other things affecting the interests of the school. The
town appointed Tho. Asheton master and Tho. Lawrancc under
master. Baker's Hist, of St, John's College, Cambridge. Vol, i., p, 105,

EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY. 263

This yeare and the thryd of October were testame'ts p'vyd
in St. Chads Clmrche in Salop.

This yeare and in these baylyffs tymes the condyt in Shros-
bery was begoon and wrought in woodden pypes.

The xxviji/t dayc of August the serveys began in Latten at
Poules churche in London after the use of Sarum.

This yeare and the nijfh of Septe'ber was proclaymyd
certayne newe coynes bothe of gold and sylver that ys to saye
soveraig's of fyne gold of xxxs. the peoce the halfe soveraig'e
callyct the Royall at xvs. an angell of xs. the halffe angell vs.
and of sylv' the Mary grote the half grote and penny and the
base money to be currant and to goo as before that p'clamacon
dycl.

The same tyme also the quecne pardonyd by p'clamac'on
the subsydy of iiijs. the pound e Lands and ijs. viijcZ. the
poundc of goods gvantyd in the last parlyme't of Kynge
Edward the vjtlu

This yeare also and the daye aforesayde one Edward
Stephens1 beinge curate ol' St. Cliadds church in Shrosberye
beingc marieed and all other maryed prests of the same
dyoses were forbydden to selcbrate any more uppon they're
perrells by the ordynarye.

This yere the iij sargya'ts names were John Blackewey
comme' sergia't Thomas Barker & Thomas Larrance.

1553-4 Rychard Myttoon cV: Ry chard Dawys Baylyffs.

And soone after in thys presennt moontlie [October] the
queenc soommonyd hyr hyghe court e of parlyme't at West-
me'ster in the wch was repellyd all Statutes that Avere made
eyther of prymenery in the tyme of Kynge Edward the vjth
and Kinge Henry the eyght or co'cerninge religion and
administrac'on of Sacraments under Kynge Edward the vjth
and masse and Latten serveys and all the olde rely gy on was
wholy restoryd agavne and the devorsement of Queene
Katheryn was made unlawfull and a communycac'on was had
in the'sayde pTyment of the queenes manage wth Kynge
Phyllypp of Spainge.

This yeare one Sr Thomas Whyte beinge maior of London
p'vydyd to be dd' in a° 159:} 104// to be delyverid from the
ma'cha't taylors hall in London for Shrewsberie to be d'd'
there to 4 yonge occu])yars especially beinge clothea's to say
xxvli a pece for x yeres a boute painge nothinge for the loane
and the odd 4/? the maior or head officer to have it for hys
paynes in resevinge and painge the same.

1 Tncumbciit of St. Chad's 1550-1553.

AI

264

EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY.

This yeare the Lord Thomas brother to the Dueke of
Suffolke was taeken at Osestrie in Wales by master Ry chard
ivlyttoon of Shrosbery beinge then baylyff wch fell owt at
leangthc to the sayde Mr. Myttoons greate hynderance.

This yeare dysceassyd one Sr Thomas Bromeleye of Shrews-
bery beinge Chyfte Judge of England and Alderman of the
sayde towne of Shrewsbery and free wth the company of the
Drapers there.

The S'gants names were John Sprystow com'e Rob't
Abenyon John Webstar who was dysplacid & Edward Har-
coote suplyed.

1554- 5. Nycholas Pursell & Robart Trelande1 Baylyffs.
This yeare dep'tyd this p'sent lyffe master Thomas Ireland

of Salop mere' and was burieed the xtJi day of November 1554 in
these baylyffs tymcs to save of Nycholas Pursell & Robart
Ireland the Elder, the wch Thomas Ireland was a right p'testant
and a dylygent favowrar of the woorde of God and was also a
verteous and charitable man unto the poore zelows <fc carefull
in p'vydinge for them and yf he had lyved he wold have
brought hys mynde to pas in ye same for his perpetuall
memorie wdl Puree]! should have ben placyd at the
begyninge of thesse baylyffs tymcs.

The iij S'gants for the towne of Salop were Roger Woorrall
com'es. Francis Tenchc & Roger \Yryght.

1555- 56. Umfrey Onslowe & Thomas Eyrygtoon Bayls.
This yeare apcryd a comet or blasinge starr ov' England

and many children monstrous borne in dyv' placs of the
realme.

The thre sargya'ts were Robart Smythe com'e s. Lewys
Smythe & John liradeley.

1556- 7. Thomas ^Eongombry & John Dawys Eaylyffs.
This yeare was a frave in the East foriate in Shrosbery be-

twyxt Sr Henry StaiVord and Edwa'cl Harberd the wch had
fallen to greate bloodshed yf the baylyfts the' beinge wth the
woorshipfull of the saide towne had not wyselye pacyfieed the
same.

This yeare wheate was woorthe in Shrosbery viijs. vjd the
bushell and Rye at vjs. the bushell.

This yeare also and in these baylyffs tymcs the coondyt
in Shros boric fynyshed and rann in iij placs in the sayd towne
but it dyd not contynewe many yeares because the ]~>ypes
were of wood & yll wrought.

i 0. ^ 13. call him " senior."

EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY. 265

This yeare Hobby's howse the backer of Pry do Ivy 11 in
Sbrosbery to saye the stone howsso where hys faggots dyd lye
was by myschance sett on fyer the wch was a verey greate and
fearfull ler \\ch dyd mownt tbroughc the toppe of the same
stone bowse beinge oppe' of a huge heagthe and yf the sayde
stone howse had not keapt the force tberof in it had burnt
the hole streete but God be blessyd y* it wennt no further but
consumyd wthin it selrfe.

This yeare at the later ennde of harvyst wheat wch before
harvyst was at viij.s. v]d. came to vi\\d. the busbell and so of
all grayne a lycke man' so that in this yeare was bothe darthe
& ])lenty in Sbrosbery.

This yere were chose' sergia'ts Thomas Tenche comme'
sergia't John Bowdlar k Rychard Webstar.

1557- 8. Rychard Myttoon & Johon Mackwoorth Baylyffs.
This yeare Thomas Goghe s'vant wth Wm Hughes butcher

was drownyd in Sevarne and foonde agayne and buried in
the sayd baylyffs tymes.

This yeare were s'giats Vryan Fysher com'e s. Ric' Langley
& Wyllyam Scott.

1558- 9. (I. Elizabeth). John Yevans & John Hallywell
Baylyffs. ;<

The xxij daye of November hyr grace [Queen Elizabeth]
was p'claymyd in this towne of Salop & in the sayd baylyffs
tyme.

This yeare and the last of November Rychard Nettells of
Salop tann' was drownyd and feu ride agayne & buried the
same daye beinge an exceliennt swyinmer yet for all that hys
howrc was coom.

This yeare and tlie vii]th of May was a subsedy grauntyd.
Parlyme't reioornyd and the serveys apoyntyd in Englyshe
agayne throughowt all Engla'd the olde byshopps depryvyd
and other placyd, bowses of relygyon stippressyd sutche as
were & Imags burnyd.

This yeare and in these baylyifes tymes to saye of John
Yevans & John Hallywell ther was ordaynyd by the onely
mocion of the sayd baylyfYe Hallywell whoe dwellyd in St.
Jyllyans parryshe in the sayd towne that the bell in the sayde
churche shulld ringe ev'v morninge at iiij of the clocke and
toll the sayd bell at yj of the clocke in the morni'ge, xij at
noone, and vj of the clocke at nvght and so to contyncwe for
cv' the wch ys a goodly knowledg for the inhabytants &
Strang' the w^h ys callyd'to this daye Hallywells knyll.

The s'gyants names were John Tomkis come' Roger bruar
& Rychard Ilygyons.

266 EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY.

1550-CO. Robart Allen & Rychard Owen1 alias Rarbur
BayT.

This yeare on mychelmas yeaven the basse money fell to
saye the best pece of vjc?-. to iiijcZ. ob. the secoond pece of vjcZ.
to ijc/. ob. and the thyrd and woorst sort of vjc?. to no value
the pece of iijcZ. to jd ob. the pece of ijd to a penye and
shortly after callyd in and good sylv' coynyd and deiyveryd
for the same agayne.

The s'gyants were Bavyd Heylyn com'e s Robt. Webstar &
Phellyp Howie.

1560- 1. Thomas Moongom'ry & Wyllyam Tenche Bayll's.
The s'giats were Thomas Teanche come' s Ric' ap Ric' &

Ric.' Wright. John Lccese suplied Ric' ap Ric'

1561- 2. Rychard Myttoon .V; Rychard Dawys Bayll's.

The sergiants were John Geno come' s Thomas ap Hughe
& Lewys Smythe.

This yeare the plage2 was disparcyd in dyv's placys in
Engelaund.

15G2-3. Roger Lutcr & Rychard Owen3 mere' Baylyffs.

This yeare were chose' sergiants for the towne of Salop
Georg' Pure' come' s Robart Bromeley & John Abenyon.

1563-4. Umfrey Onslowe & George Hyggyns Baylyffs.

This year was there a greatc tempest wth lyghteni'g &
thoonder contynewinge the space of xj dayes the lycko was
nev' scene in England before the forse wherof dyd mutche
harme in rnanye placs & the force thcrof was sutche that wthin
a myle of Shrosbery to say by a villadge callyd Barwycke
were ij ocks shacke' and forcyd upp by the rootes and so
dryve' uppright slydinge uppo' theyre rootes a greatc space
from thcire growinge places and downe a slope fyll into the
myds of the water therby callyd Sevarn and so standinge as
it were growinge in the mydds of the same to the great
woonder of the beholders and there standinge a longe tyme
untill at lengthe there was shift made to have the' awaye^ for
trobblinge the passedge of Hots comy'ge yerely downe for the
commodity of the towne of Salop.

This yeare the foresayd baylyffs of this towne of Shrews-
beric mad a good act oc decreid order y* no fory'nar should
coom in to be made free of the sayd towne undo'1 the soom of
\li pryncypall besyds other ordynarie chargs therunto apper-
tay'inge wch before that tyme myght have com in for Ls.

1 0. & B. call him •'junior."

2 Wo have no note of its occurring in Shrewsbury at this time.

3 0. & 13. call him "junior."

EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY.

2G7

This yero the iij s'gia'ts names were Bog' Wms, come' s Eye'
Leat'u & Bobt Ey chard soon.

15G4-5. Ryehard Owen1 Sherma' & George Leyghe Bayl's.

This yeare and in these baylyffs times in the moonthe of
October was seene in the Elyment many fierie impressyons as
it were proceedings owt of the Elyment and all the northe parts
seemyd to be coveryd wth flames of fyer stainge the most parte
of an honre and so descendinge westward and all the same
nyght bcinge next after the change of the moone seemyd as
lyght as it had been daye beinge the vij//i daye of October at
nyght.

This yeare in the towne of Shrcwsberie they began to brynge
the condit water towards the towne in pypes of leade (wch
before was brought in pipes of wood & by that meanes fay lyd)
to the mayntenance wlierof one Mr. Poynter of Loondon mar-
chant gave the soorn of xxli who was borne in the sayd towne.

This yeare & friday next after mychelmas daye the xxv
parsons that wennt uppon the baylyffs for the yeare followinge
for this towne of Shrcwsberie were in the Elect'on howse
wthout meate or dryncke xxvj howres at the least before they
coulde agree.

This yeare were the iij scrga'ts Wyllyam Pettoon come' s
Roger Illedge *fo Eobart Smyth e.

15G5-G. Eychard Pursell & Wyllyam Peerse Baylyffs.

This yeare and in the forsavd baylyffs tymes to say of
Purcell and Peerse dyed Mr. Eychard Corbctt soon to S1'
Eobart Corbet of Murtu' Corbet knight, he was karver to
Prynce Edwarde, standart berar to hys bannd at Bullcn and
one of the queenes Mts counsell in the marches of Wales and
lyethc buried in y° weast syde of Shabories church e v miles
from Shrewsberye and dvecd wthout yssue.

This yere were the iij sergya'ts to say Thomas Tenche
come' s Thomas Howells & Eychard Mannynge.

15GG-7. Eobart Allen & Eobart Ireland yong'.

This yeare the xxij of Aprell was burnt in a towne of
Wales callyd Oswestry beinge lardgc xij myles from Shros-
bcry above ijc liowses in the space of ij howres in the after-
noone of the same daye by myschaunce of one of the neigh-
bours bruinge in the nyght.

This yeare master John Dawes of Shrosbery and alderma'
of the sayd towne began and buyldyd ij fayre bayes in the
corne ni'ket there for the salVe placinge of corne from wether
so that the own' therof may stannd safe and drye the wcU

1 0. & B. call bin) ^.senior."

268 EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY.

buyldinge was of hys owne costs and chargs wch place servetbe
for the inhabytants as also strangers Ato walk in and the lofte
above for soondry pro li table purposes.

This yeare wer' sargints Rychard Reynolds comen s
Wyllyam Tydder & Roger Langcley.

1567- 8. Rychard Myttoon &"Thomas Sturry Bayll's.

This yeare in the moon the of August mastr Robart Allen
dyscessyd and was burieed the xxviij of the same who was
baylylfe of thys towne of Shrewsbery the last yere who laft
\]di to be dystributyd yearly to xx yonge begynn's to clothe
wtball to say to ev'y sutche xll a pece for iij yeares a bout
pay'nge for the same but iiij'?. in the pounde to be delyverid
to the poore and so to contynewe for ev' in the delyveringe
therof as well for the pryncypall to sutche parties as also the
Encressc therof to the poore the baylyffs of the sayd towne of
Slirewsbery are chargyd wtb the delyv'y and payment of the
same from yere to yeare accordinge to ye formar graunt.

This yere were sargyants Thomas ap Hugh come' s John
Nycholls & Rondell Rolls.

1568- 9. George Leyghe & Richard Owen1 Sherma' Baylyffs.
This yeare about the x\)th of Marche in the after noone at

the commy'ge in of the iudgs of the assyse into Shrosbery
there fell in the sayd towne an yearthquacke wch helde ail
howre.

This yeare was a monsterous goslinge hetchyd in Shrous-
berie at the bowse of one Edward Mynttoon in Frankvile
there havinge iiij feete to say ij feete lycke a swan & ij feete
lycke a goose one hole bodie havinge ij Ishues and head yd
lycke a swan.

This yeare at Whytsoontyde was a notable stage playe
playeed in Shrosberie in a place there callyd the quarrell wch
last id all the hollydayes unto the wch cam greate number of
people of noblemen and others the wch was praysed greatlye
and the chyff aucter therof was one master Astoon beinge the
head scoolemaster of the freescoolc there a godly and lernyd
man who tooke marvelous greate paynes therin.

This yeare were sergiants to say Rondle Stevens come' s
John Scott & Rail'e Beddowe.

1560-70. George Hyggyns & George Rrowde Baylyffs.

This yeare and uppon Easter daye at eveninge serveis in
the abbey of Slirewsbery were ij men kyllyd wth the clapper
of the thridd bell fallinge owt of the steej)le and chancyd to
fall upon those ij meen beinge wth other ringingc at the greate

1 0. & B. call him "senior."

EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY. 269

bell and were stryckon starcke dead and never spacke woorde
theire names were Haywarde & Bradelcye.

This yere one master Onslowe to say master Umffrey
Onslowe beinge alderma' of Shrousberie buylded in the corne-
market of the sayde towne iij bayes adioynynge to master
Dawes buyldinge ffor safe placinge of corn and the owners
from wetheringe.

This yeare and the xviijth of September 1570 one Syr
Ey chard Newport1 a valiant knyght of Shropshire and of" a
pryncely personage dysceassyd for whose deathe there was
mutchc mone made in Shrosberye.

This yeare were sergiants Rychard Marshall come' s Roger
Illedge & John Lewys.

1570-1. Umfreye Onslowe & Hughe Beancs Baylyffs.

This }Tere the Yth of October, 1570 there fell sutch a terryble
tempest of wynde and rayne bothe uppon sea and lande wch
dyd mutche hurt in overflowinge medows pastures and bowses
to the utter undoinge of the queenes mts subiects of this
realme.

This yeare and about the begvnningc of thesse baylyffs
tymes a common fyld belonginge to the towne of Shrewsbery
callyd behynde the walls'- was putte ferme for x yearcs unto
iij of the burgyses of the same towne namyd Wyllyam Jones
Wm Herynge and Rychard Gardner drapers and they for the
wch bargayne are chargyd to brynge the water in leaden pypes
nowe in handc for the condyt at a sertayne daye to run in
soondry placs in the sayd towne.

This yeare master Rychard Onslowe" master of the queenes
mts wardes commynge in good hclthe to Shrewsberie (where

1 Sir Richard Newport of High Ercall Sheriff 1552 was eldest son
of Thomas Newport Sheriff in 1550, and a member of the Council
of the Marches. He married the only child of Sir Thomas Bromley,
Chief Justice, and acquired large estates about Wroxeter. His fine
altar tomb is on the south side of the chancel of "Wroxeter church.
Arms arg. a chevron gu. between 3 leopards' faces set. Blakcway's
Sheriffs.

2 This is now called the Quarry.

8 Richard Onslow, Master of the Wards, Recorder of London, &
Speaker of the House of Commons, was eldest son of Roger Onslow
Salop, mercer (2nd son of Edwd. 0, of Onslow Esq.), & nephew of
Humphrey Onslow of Onslow, Sheriff in 1500, Arms arg. a fesse gu.
between six Cornish choughs proper. Blakewav's Sheriflk See the
description of his altar tomb formerly in St, Chad's Church, and now in
the Abbey Church, in O. & !>., ii, 1(37.

270 EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY.

he was borne and brought up) to vyset hys uncle TJmffrey
Onslowc then beinge baylyff of thys towne of Shrosbery as
aforesaid endyd hys lyfe and lyethe buryed in St. Chadd's
Churche being buried the vijth daye of Aprell.

This yeare Sr Harry Sydney Lord Frcsydent of Wales and
Deputie of Ireland cam from Irelandd throughe Shrewsbery
towards the parlymcnt upon whom the Shermen made an
exclamac'on to have hys lielp against the Drapers cons'eninge
an act for byenge of Walshe clothe to be at lybertie but at
this tyme it cam to non effect.

This yeare one Mr. Ast'n scoolemaster of the freescoole1 in
Salop beinge a good and zealows man towards the preferme't
of learni'g in the same scoole made suyte of his owne charge
besyds greate labor to the qucenes mtie and so obtayned to
the maynctcnance of the same scoole xxli a yeare more wch
made it xlli a yere to sufficient fyndinge for diligent dys-
ciplyne of a master and ij ushyars.

This yere we1' sergia'ts Thomas Elcks come' s Gylbcrt
Woodd & Adam Clarcke.

1571-2. Wm Peerse & Thomas Eurnell BaylyfTs.

This yeare master Umftrcy Oneslowe buldyd in the marcket
place of Shrosberie callyd the cornemarket one other baye
adioyni'ge to his iij bayes buylded before for the saffe placinge
of corne also lie pavyd and repayryd all the paveme't of
Franckwell Streete, and buyldyd the upperp't of or Lady
Chappell in St. Chadds cluirche, he pavyd also the greate
causey between the Lords place and the bighe crosse in the
sayd towne of Salop.

This yeare was a soodden p'lyment callyd the viij^/i of May
where there were iij barrens made, in the wch p'lyment was
made an act for the towne of Shrewsbery cons'inge the buyi'ge
of Walshe clothe wch was put at lybertie for all men to* bye
but not to dresse theyrc owne clothe.

This yeare and the iij of August there was a sycleman' wch
had by chance two of hys horses drownyd in the horse fayre
in Franckwell in Shrewsbery lade' wth syckclls and sythes as
he was passi'g towards Oswestry fayre but throughe the helppo
of good people he had hys goods savyd and releavyd wth a
pecc of money for iaekc wherof he had ben undoon.

This yeare and in the moonth of August cam throughe
Shreusberie iiij Earles of highe almayne from Irelaund havinge
lycence to se the count revs.

This yeare and the iij of October beinge the Elect11 day at
nyght was greate contravsy betwyxt the woorshipps of thys

1 Sec Bakers Hist, of St. John's College Cambridge. 1, -JOG.

EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY.

271

towne cons'inge the dysplacynge of Mr. Rychard Dawes and
Mr. Robarfc Ireland alderme' in swering and placing others the
wch was throughe cownsell pacyfyed or ells it had growyn to
a further inconvenyence.

This yeare were sergy aunts of the towne of Salop Rondle
Rolls come' s'giat Roger Wyllyams and Nycholas Onslowe.

1572-3. Thomas Sherar & Wyllyara Aloe1 Baylyffs.

This yeare and the xxiiij of ^November Edward Earle of
Darby Lord Staneley and Strange of Knoockinge Lord and
gov'ner of the lies of Man Knight of the noble order of the
Garter and one of the queenes mu counsell deseassyd at his
callyd Latham in Lancashire he servyd faythefully ij Kyngs
and ij Queenes he offryd the queenes mts at the rebellyon in
the northe of hys own p'per chargs x thousand men, hys
famus howse keapinge, he kept xj score in checker rolle the
space of xlij yeares he fedd Ix agyd p'soons twyse a daye
besyde all comm's thryse a weccke apoynted for hys dealinge
dayes and ev'y good fry day thys xxxv yeares past two thou-
sand seven c creatures wth meate dryncke money and mo^ey
woorthe, there was nev1 gentilman or other that way tyd uppon
hys servcys but had alowance from hym bothe for horse and
man hys yearly porc'on for exponces of hys howse was iji
thousand pounds hys cooninge in settinge boanes dysioynctyd
or broken hys chyourgerie and desire to helpe the poore, hys
delyvery of his george and scale to the Lorde Strange wth ex-
liortac'on that he might kepe it so unspottyd in fay the to hys
prynce as he had doon and hys ioye that he dyeed in the
queenes favonre, hys joyfull partingc t hys worlde, hys famylyar
tackinge of leave of all his servaunts by shakinge of haunds
and his remebrace to the last howre ys a ioyfull lieeringe to
all x'rian hartes and a famows example to all nobilitie.

This yeare and the xilc of Marche one Richard Gardner of
the towne of Shrewsberye dyer and free of the company of
the Drape's attemptyd and put in p'ffe to fynnde owt coles
about the towne in soondry placysand m one place in especiall
callyd Ernst erie heye hard by the sayd towne he foound by
hys great dyligence and travell greate store of seecole the wch
ys lycke to coom to sutche commoditie bothe for richc and
poore that he ys not only woorthy of commendac'on and
mayntenance but also to be had in remembrance for ev'.

This yeare there was brought to the boothehall in Shrews-
bery the head of a monst crows callffe wch had iiij eyes twoo
mowthes iiij cares and but one fyrme & playne head wch was
calvyd wthin iiij myles of the sayd towne.

1 0. & B. call him Lowe.

Vol. hi.

AJ

272 EAllLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBUKY.

This yeare the wyntcr and springe tyme was verey longe
cold hard and drye so that it was verey farr in the moonthe
of Maye before any lefYe or blossom apeeryd uppon any tree
by wcU occasyon mutche cattell perysheed for waunt of foode
and sucker wcU caused rye to be at 3s. 4td, the bushell and
wheate at iiijs. wcb unteraperatnes of weather causyd a late
harvyst in most placs in England.

This yeare and the xxth daye of Maye was founde a wooman
childe clrownyd in a pytt by Shelton a myle from Shrewsbery
and is not as yeat knowcn what wyckyd stroompet dyd it.

This yere were sargia ts in Salop John Maddoxe comme' s.
John Smythc, Ric' Manny nge.

This yeare Mr. Umifrey Onslowe1 alderman of the towne of
Shrewsberie dyscessyd the ij daye of June beinge of the age
of iiijXtt xvj yeares besydes hys good deads before rehersyd
there never cam any man of honor or woorshyp into the
towne but bee was redy to reseve and intertayne him and
keape company wth them to the greate fame & prayse of the
sayde towne in whose place was chosen Alderman Mr Edward
Onslowe hys soon and heyre.

This yeare and in the moonthe of August the condit water
of Shrewsbery was brought in leadin pypes by the dylygennt
oversyght of Ry chard Gardner of the same towne drapr unto
the upper ennde of Shoomacker rowe2 & the greate sesterne of
ledd was made and fynyshyd and also the stone woorcke
about the same.

This yeare at the commyng into Shrewsbery of Sr Harry
Sydney Lord Presydent of Wales from London there was shott
of in a ryaltie is chamber peees at a voyde place und' the
wyld copp adjioyninge unto Mast1' Sherars house3 and also a
lyttill from the same at the foote of the wyld copp was an
excellentt orac'on made unto hym by one of the scollars of
the free scoole there.

This yeare there was a greate cessment levyed by the
baylyffs uppon all the burgess vs of the towne of Shrewsberie
but m the ende toocke non etYeet,

This yeare and in the ennde of September there whas sutchc
an extreme tempest of wynde and weather that it dyd mutche
hurt in many placs.

1573-4. Rychard Owen Sherma' & Rychard Apowell m'cer
Eallylls.

3 Sheriff of Shropshire, 15GG.

2 Single Butcher how, or the east side of Pride Hill.

3 There is an engraving of this fine old mansion in 0. & 13,, 1, 35G.

EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY.

273

The wether was gyvyn to sutche rayne thys moonthe
[October] that many husbandmen were forsyd to keepe thcire
rye grownde for barleyc.

This yeare and about the later ennd of thys moonthe
[October] there cam to Shrewsbery the Lord Presydent wth the
Byshopp of Coventrie and Lytchefeld as speciall commyshion'
for to see an order & reformac'on hi the churches acordmge
to the queenes mtis iniunctions.

This yeare and about thys tyme the Excersyse began in
S* Chadds churchc in Salop.

This yeare the mynysters in the churches of Shrewsberye
against X'ras dyd all were thcire crosse capps and whyte
syrplesys wch longe tyme befor dyd leave them of contrarie to
the queenes miunct'ons.

This yeare from the begyninge of November untill wthin
xiiij dayes of Candclmas the scasoon was so pleasannt and
fayre wthout frost or any snowe to spccke of that there apeeryd
leaves upon hathorn and ploomtressc before X'ras and the
koocow was hard songe & also scene x days before X'ras, also
there was at neweyeares daye scrten tenannts hi Shropshyre
presentyd theyre Landlords wth greenc geese.

This yeare one Yevari a]) Davyd alias Yeven wever of
Franckvill in Shrewsberie beingc a man above lx yeares in
the X'ras hollydayes goinge up a tree uppon his backesyde
wth a ladder to plucke clowne a pyeametts neast fell downe and
broosyd hys braynes that lie nevJ spacke but dyed wthin an
howre after the fall.

This }reare also in the moonthe of January a servingeman
of Master Styrries of Rossall by Shrewsberie repa}Tinge to a
howse at Sfc John's hyli in Shrosberio desperately" thrust hys
owne dager throughc hys throte and by chance myssyd hys
wosand pype by hclpc wherof it is curable and good hope
to lyre thys mans name vs Yevan.

This yeare Mr Rychard' Hussey of the Battellfilld by Shrews-
berie cam throughe Shrewsbery in Marche A° 1573 in a
wagon from Coventrie (where he dyed) wth hys arraes dys-
playcd in brave order and so passyd wth a greate coompany to
hys place aforesaid and there (hys buriall solempnyscd) lyeth
buriced.

This yeare the condytte in Shrosberic rann all to say at v
scverall ])lacs in the said monthe of August fyrst at the iippcer
ennde of the Shoomacker rowc at mardole hedd, at the aple
market,1 at the sextry wall' and at the wyld copp.

1 Green Market, in Market Square.

2 Near the Chapel in High Street.

274 EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY.

This yearo and the xiujih of Septe'ber about mydnight
there aperyd in the Elyme' fyery impressyons in the nortke
towards the southe and so contynuyd iintyll daye light and
the next nyght followinge the neve' 'from ail pts dyd seeine to
burne marvelous ragynge from the horizon rownd about as yf
it had ben in a clere furnace.

This ye' were sergiants George Churche com'e s. J ohn Owen
& Hughe Benyon.

1574-5 George Hyggyns & George Leyghe Baylyffs.

This yeare the counsell of the Marches cam to Shrewsbery
and there they taried the full ennd of one tearme to say
mychalmas tearme and were myndyd to tary the wynt' but
were comma wndyd by the queenes mdto remove to Bewdeleye.

This yeare uppon all Sole daye being so commonly callyd
and the secoonde daye of November the wife of one Wm Coller
of Chylt'n taylor by Atchara ij myles from Shrewsbery hangyd
hyr sellf in hyr husbands bowstringe being newe maried and
maryecl against hyr parents myndes, and one daye bechaunce
meatinge of hyr father she kneelyd downe to hym but he
turnyd from hyr and could not abyd hyr whom before he
derely lovyd the wch unkyndness of hyr father people^iudge
was the occasyon of hyr deathe.

This yeare and the xiij/A day of November from one of the
cloche in the morni'gc untyll t lie rysynge of the soon apeeryd
in the Elyme't all alongst to sayc from the northc weast unto
the sowtlic west bright beanies wth fyery innamae'ons and
the next morni'gc followinge in a man' as frightfully.

This yeare and the xxyj/Adaye of November A° p'd beinge
upon a fryday there fell an extrceme tempest from mornynge
until cvenyng wth snowe that many pcrysheed in jurneyenge
in dyvcrs placs in England and many escapyd narrowly as by
Shrousberie one poore kariar commynge from Oswes'trie wth
welshe clothe of Mr. Eychard Owen draper lay by the waye
almost starven had not the said Mr. Owen holpe' hym by
God's p'vysyon whose good and mercyfull deede ys to be had
in memorye to the insample of all others the syrcumstanco
thereof ys to be knowen in Shrewsberye.

This yeare and the last daye of January e A0 1574 was one
Wm. Sheyntoon of Salop husbandman hangyd in Kingslaund
upon a newc gallows there put upp whoe was a privcy^theeile
havinge sutche honest aparanco owtward that he was not
suspectyd and thought least of in sutche matt1'3 and so the
longer or ev' lie was espyeed who confessyd at hys deathe that
he had usyd and practysyd theevcrye above xx yearcs who
dyd mutche hurt about Slirosbery k who' he dyed he was
abovo Ix yearcs olde.

EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY. 275

This yeare and tho xxv]tk daye of Frebruarye betwcne 4 &
vj of tho clocke in the afternoone great yearthquacks
happened, the boocks in men's studies fell downe in the
towne of Shrewsbery for the space of halffe an howre that
the severall castells bowses and gats dyd so shacke as thoughe
they had be' rockyd wth sutche a dead tbunderinge noyse
wthin the yearthe as it were wch causyd the pygyons crowes
and foules to forsake theire nests and placs of theire aboade.

This yeare and the xiij//t daye of m'che from ix of the
clocke at nyght unto xij of the clocke apered in the Elyme't
fiery intlamac'ons as it were feigh tinge one wth another being
tliroughe the meanes thereof as light, as it had ben at the
brecke of daye,

This yeare the drawe bridge at the Walshe gate1 was newe
made wth wood.

This yeare and in this moonthc [March] my Lorde Presy-
dents chamber in Ludlowe castell was by myschance sett on
fyre to the losse of one hundred marcks & above befor it was
knowe' to be holpe', and also in the same towne of Ludlowe in.
on Hoptoon's bowse where there were serte' gentilme' bancket-
ing in a chamber over hys hall being there at theyre victales
the chamber lioore fell downe and the Table wth the victalls
fell throughc the wyndowe in the ope' streetc and the p'ties
hardly escapyd the danger.

This yeare the queencs mtic went a p'gresse towarde Shros-
bery but because of deathe wthin a iiij myles of the same she
cam no further the' Lychefilld and from thence went to
Worcester the wch eyty shoe lyckyd well.

This yeare and the xxxti of July in the after noone was a
grcate tempest of lvghteninge and thoonder whercwth bothe
men and weemen w^ beasts were strveken dead, also at that
tyme loll greate aboondance of hayle where of the stones in
many placs were foounde to be vj or vij ynches about.

This yeare and the v\]th daye of Septc'ber A° 1575, was Wm.
Phellyps bowse in Franckviil beinge one of the subu'bes of
the towne of Salop burnt to say hys stablehouse wtb haye and
fagotts burnt cleane to the grownde and a peace of hys
dwcllingehouse and yf greate helpe had not byn it had burnt
all the whole rowe adioyni'ge wch began at ix of the clocke in
the nyght and as it is thought it cam throughc the heye wch
was howsyd weete and not well seasonyd.

1 Of the old Welsh Bridge there is a view looking from Frankwcll
in Phillips, 118, and several views looking from Mardol side by Paul
Sandby. There arc also views in 0. & B., 1, '221. The drawbridge
was on the Frahkwell side.

27G

EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY.

This yearc at one Aliens howse shomian in Knoockyn
streete in Shreusberie there was a pygge faryeed wch had viij
feete v eares wcU was presentid to the aforesayde baylyffs and
seene of manye.

This yere were sergts Davyd ap Ric' com'e s. J ohn Nycolls
Roger Illedge.

1575-6. Davyd Lloyd drapr & John Ockell mercer Baylyffs.

This yeare and about the vijth daye of October 1575 was
seene in the night in the Elyme't towards the northe sutche
fyerye inflaniacons in man' as they were the last yeare before
rehersid.

This yeare in the moonthe of November were soondry bowses
in Shreusbcry and by Shreusbery burnt and other lycke to
have been burnt and further greate harme to have coorn of the
same if greate and speedy help had not ben to save at
Edward Clarks howse backer in Mardwall at the high crosse at
Bates howse the backer at Woodcot by Salop the hole dwell-
inge howse of Mr. John Iiosyar cleane burnt besyde other
placs lycke to have doon harm but dilligently holpe' and fore-
seene in tymc as in the upper ennde of Francvill and at
Mystrcs Goombris in the Barckars streete.

This yere and in the said moonthe there was a hart cam by
chance to Rowsell in Shrosbery and there hunted Sz brought
alyve to the baylyves the lyck was never seene in Shrews-
beiy.

This yeare also in the begyninge of Decc'ber to saye the vth
daye beingc moon daye the Drapers of Shrewsbeiy had lycke
to have ben robbyd yf they had not been pryvely warnvd
thereof uppon wcb warni'ge the baylyffs and a greate number
wennt strongly uppon their usuall trade towards OsAvestrie at
whose cominge the t beeves havinge intelligence shrooncke
awaye and so escapyd and are not as yeat known. They pur-
pos}rd to have robbyd the' in the Dale betwyxt Shelt n and
Shrcwsberie & over night they harborid themselves and theire
horses in Mr. Shcrars barne on thodcrside of the water and in
the morningc baytyd theire horses in the thycket ov' against
Sheltons hyll havinge boates to ])asse and rcpasse to theire
pretendyd purpose but myssyd of the same by the helpe of
God and so dep'tid wthout theire praye as aforesayde.

This yearc uppo' Sl Mathews daye beinge the xxinjth daye
of Februarie was a grate iludd1 in JShrcwsbcric wch dyd greate

1 Phillips 19, enumerates many floods in Shrewsbury, viz., 1888,
great flood, continual rain from beginning of October to December.'
1848, violent rain Midsummer to Christmas, not one day or night

EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY. 277

harmc especially in Franckwell beinge one of the suburbs the
lieyght of the same . water ys to be seen in ctyv's placs in
Francwell uppon the wch water dyv's people were kariecd in
one Byshopps bardge from the toll shopp at the northe ende
of the Walshe brydge throughe Franckvill as hyghe as the
good man Tylstones house the wch wat' dyd ryse in the lowe
countreys as Brydgnorthe, Tcwkesbery & Bewdley in the
nyght and dyd greate hurtt commynge soodenly uppon them.

This yeare the plage1 was in Shrosbery in the begyninge of
the wch there died one .Mr. liawckswoorthe2 curat of S* Chadds
and one Roger Barns curate of Sl Alkemoonds in Salop.

This yeare and the xx daye of September was a playne
crosse seen in the Elyme't right over the north syde of
Shrensberie towne contynewinge a full halfe howre and the'
vanyshyd awaye.

This yeare St. Matthews Daye beinge the xxij daye of
Septe'ber wch was woont to be a fayre kept in Shrosbery towne
and because of the plage in the towne the sayde fayre wras
kept in a place somet}Tmes a commoons callyd Kyngsland nere
Shrewsbery the wcb was but a smale fayre and lytyll doyinge
in respect to talke of.

This yeare also the count ie court keapt at a villadge wthin
a myle of Shreusbery callyd Meele bracy by reason of the
sayde plage.

The sargya'ts names were Robart V\rhytekers com'e s. Ellys
Keffyn & Robart Ball.

157G-7 John Dawys senyo1. Rychard Owen drapr. Bay Is.

This yeare and about the ennde of Nove'ber a pedlar of
Arscott commonly callyd Tom Pedlar was murtheryd by
Walkot beinge iiij myles from Shreusberye by one Thomas
Upt'n being Uptoons soon of Walkot who dyd bury hym wythe
hys packe in a lytyll cote of hys fathers by the waters syde
not know'e untyll mydlent followinge and then was he there
founde and dyggyd up wth hys packe by a greate chaunce by
master Gerram Corbett and the' the sayd Upt'n aprehendyd
and examynyd was senntt to Bridgnorth and there hangyd
accordingly.

dry together. 1595, great flood, threw down gate on English Bridge.
1G73, great flood, a small whale came np. 1729, great flood. 1710,
greatest flood known, flowed into the Abbey Church, 1718, flood, a
dolphin came up. 1770, great flood, near a foot higher than that of
1740. 1772, Nov., great flood.

1 Sec 0. & B;, 1, 3GS.

2 Christopher Hawkshurst appointed on accession of Elizabeth,
Barns was an assistant Curate to Sir George Crane incumbent,
1550—1501.

278 EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY.

This yeare and the xvjth day of Januarie about viij of the
clocke at nyght one John Butlar of the hyther Lythe by
Shrewsbery wylfully hangyd hym selfe beinge a man well to
lyve.

This yeare and in the sayd moonthe in a village called
Lackon besyds the towne of \Vem vij myles from Shreusberie
a woman was dclyv'id of a monsterous childe being in
this man' and forme to say wth ij heades and iiij feete iiij
armes as it were two bodies joynyd togeather at the lower
p'te and there the iiij leggs cam all furthe mynglyd one over
another hedd and body upwards and hed and body downe-
wards the one of the bodies apery d to be a man childe and the
other a woman childe the body of the boye dyed the day
after they were borne and the gyrle or wenche dyed the daye
after the deathe of the boye.

This yeare also about this tyme wthin a mile of Dret'n a
woman was d'd of iiij childre' at one burthen and were all
x'reid and all iiij d'd to theire norces and do lyve.

There was this yeare in the moonthe of February at the He
of Kossall by Shreusberie a man servant of one Mr. Ric'
Sandfords was by myschance slayne in cuttinge downe a
boughe of a tree a lytell of from hys masters howse wch boughe
bracke before it was full cutt and stroocke hym amayne downe
upon a sharpe cagge at the bottoom of the saide tree and so
broosyd hym in pec's that hys bo wells ran about hys bodye
in rui'ull man' to beholdc.

This yeare and the xxvjth of Marche Wm. Lambe soomtyme
gentillma' of the chappell to Kynge Henry the eyght and now
Cytyzen and clothewooreker of London gave to the townes
of Ludlow and Brygenorthe to eyche of them cli in redic
moneye to sett poore men on woorke.

This yeare and the i\)th daye of Aprell one Owen ap Morrys
plasterare woorckinge upon the freescoole howse in Shrousbery
fell of ye top of hys ladder beinge soomwhat hyghe by the
myschauncc of a rotten static woh he stood uppon at the upper
ennde of the same woh bracke undr hym and so he fell downe
upon the stony paveme't in the stretesyde and so bracke hys
necke and presently dyeed who was a trew honest laboringe
poore man and of good report.

This yeare the hole moonthe of June was so unreasonable
wether of wynde and great e raync that the people were in
greate fright of deere bredcorn tor that rye was sold at vs. and
vs. iiijcZ. the bushel] and all other corn© aft1' the rate dere.

This yeare and in thys moont he of August one Edward
Clarcko of Salop butcher was dysgrat ed of "hys burgyshypp

EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY. 279

because he mysusyd hym sellfte against the baylyffe Mr.
Dawes not only in woords but also gave the sayde baylyffe a
blowe upon the face wth hys hande verey rebellyously the wch
Clarke was putt in prysoon upon further punysheme't.

This yere the foresaid Baylyffs master Dawes and Mr. Owen
repayryd and bewtyfleed soondrie placs of this towne of Salop
as the front of the Walshe gate and uppon the same bridge
made serte' shopps wth a p'rety ten'nt in the place of the cadge
and pryvey w€h cadge bemge old and fallen to decaye they
causyd to be remoovvd and newe buylt and placyd under the
frount of the saide Walshe gate over creeples lode.

Also they conveyd the coondit heades at the upper enndo
of Mardoll and at the aple marcket in the JLeyestreete wch
before were open and nowe in bewtyfull man' to beholld also
fortyfyeed the com' of Rowseli towne wall wck before lay
open in ruyinows man' and verey dangerous for passingers
especially for childre' and nowe made plesaunt for all people
wth soondry other good deads as in Careful! foreseinge the
repayringe of the foondac'ons of the brydgs as also repayringe
and bewtyfle'ng the sayde towne as are not unknOwe' to the
inhabitaunts to the good ensample of thosse wch shall after
followe.

The sergya'ts at the mace for this yere were Thomas
Tenche com'e s'g Wm. Barnes ^ Edward Lloyd for this towne
of Shrosbcrye.

1577-8 Thomas Sherar & Thomas Chorlt'n Baylyffs.

This yere were chose' sergiants at the mace George Benyon
comme' sergyant Jhon Smythc & John Lewycs.

This yere thesse bay ly lis p'ceedyd in pavinge of sutche
ruynows placs of the towne as were needfull to the grete
prays© for the towne and plesaunt passadge for all people.

This yearc and the xjth day of Nove'br after the apeeringe
of the newe moone almost in the scllrf same place westwarde
apecred a com'et comenly callyd a blassingc starre wth a
mervelous longe spyre or beame poyiitinge towards the southe
east wch comett wold remove from hys apeeringe place towards
the northc west and thus it contynewyd vysible ev'y riyght
for the space of viij weecks and more dymynyshynge styll
hys beame beinge a moveable starr as it aperid.

This yeare aboute the vij/// daye of January A0 1577 deptyd
this p'sent lyfe the Lady Jane Corbet1 wyile to the right

1 Daughter of Sir Robert Ncdeliain of Shavington. Sir Andrew
Corbet, of Moreton Corbet, sou and heir of Roger Corbet (Sheriff in
1530) was Sheriff in 1551. Anns: — Or, a raven proper, — Blakoway's
Sheriffs*

Vol. Ill Alt

280

EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY.

honorable Sr. Andrew Corbet and marshall of the Marches of
Wales.

This yere dyed mastr Capper of Shrcusbery alderma' to
say the xi]lh daye of Jannarie in whose place was chosen Mr.
Thomas Sherar the foresaid baylylfe Alderman and Mr.
Chorlt'n the oder baylylfe was chosen one of the counscll of
the to wiie in baylylfe Sherar's place.

This yeare and the xxxjf/i daye of July was a woman burnyd
at Bridgenorthe for poysoninge hyr husband hir name was
Mawde Wliytfelid and hyr husbands name was Wm. White-
felld, they dwellyd in a vylladge aboute a myle from Wem
callyd the Loo.

This yeare also and the xvjth day of August 1578 dep'tyd
this p'sent lyffe the right honorable Sr. Andrew Corbet1 of
Murtoon Corbet in the count ic of Salop beinge Lorde Marshall
of the Marches of Wales sutche a Juell to all Shropshire and
espcciall to the towne of Shrewsbery that the lycke was not of
many yeares before for the losse of whom there was many a
sorrowful hart especially in the towne of Salop who was
worthely burieed the xxijf/t daye of September ensuinge in the
chappell of Murte' Corbet at whose buriall the byshopp of
Coventrie & Lycherilld preachyd wthin the saide chappell &
Mr. Prese curate of St, Chadds in Salop p'echyd to the
countrey and all the people wtllout.

This yeare and yc xxixth daye of August beinge frydaye
master Asten that godly father departid this presennt lyffe a
lytyll besyds Cambridge who before hys death e cam to Salop
and there preehid famously and dyd fynyshe and scale up
Indentures to the full accomplyshme't and anuitie of exxii
for the sufficient fyndinge of the scoole mast1' there in Salop
wch he of hys great e suyte before was a travelar to the quecnes
mtie for the augme'tac'on to that anuall porshyon and so
fynyshinge all things gyving the sayd 'towne of Salop a frindly
farewell and wthin a foureteene dayes after dyeed.

This yeare the guyklhaU2 commonly callyd the boothe hall
in Salop was enlarged and especially the nether hall next
adioyning to the Eschcker was newly beutyhecd both wth
waynsketts and glasse wyndows and a chymney and also sylyd
ov' hedde for the assembly of the aldermc' and counsell of the
sayd towne.

1 Sco above.

2 See a view of the old guildhall in the title page of Blalve way's
Sheriff.

EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY.

281

This yeare also the condyt at the upper ennde of the
Shoomackers rowe in Salop was covcrid wth free stone wth
the queenes mts amies and also the townes amies in bewtyfull
man repayrg and arnendingo other rnynous placs and usinge
themselves verey woorshipfully beinge verey good husbands
for the p'ffett of the eomme'welthe of the sayde towne of Salop

This yeare and the last day of September being tusday Sr
Harry Sydney Lord Presydent of the Marches of Wales one of
the pryvy counsell and deputic of Ireland cam into Shrews-
bery from the p'ts of Ireland and brought wth hym an Irishe
Earle, a Lorde and the Earles soon and serten other Irishemen
beinge enymys to the queenes mu the wch he toocke in a
skirmyshe in Ireland to hys greate honor before whom at hys
eommy'ge into Salop was made by one of the free scoolc an
orac'on and so brought honorably to Mr. Sherars howse beinge
as the' one of the baylyfis and the next day after was re-
quested to bancket in the newe repayryd hall wch place he
gave it a name and namyd it (he chamber of Concorde and so
to be namyd for ev' and the next daye after beinge thursday
departid towards London.

1578-9 Wyllyam Wele & Roger Harrys Baylyfs.

This yere were chosen scrgyants at the mace Win. Jencks
com'en sergyant Wm. Petton Roger Illedge for the towne
of Salop.

This yeare & the xviij^/i daye of October untill wch daye
from the myds of August last past beinge about ix weccks the
weather was so hot and dryc wtbout anye rayne to specke of
that in soondrye plaeys of England they were fayne to water
theire cattell x or xij myles of and gave money for the same
and in the towne of Shrosberye at the fayrc day before
mychelmas last past there was a great number of men by the
horse fayre there coursyd theire sale horses in the mydds of
Scverne uppon drye lande the water being so dryeed upp wch
was never by any memory in thesse dayes secne before.

This yeare and about the begyninge of December was borne
at St. Johns liyll in the sayd towne of Salon a childe of Jolm
Lloyds laborar wch had hys hart lyv' and lyghts wUlout hys
body upon hys right sydc wthin a call the reast of hys body
beinge hole and p'porcionable wch child lyvyd about ijhowres.

This yeare and the xxij/// of Marche serten shopps beinge
uppon the further part of the stone bridge1 in Salop fell dowiic
in the water beinge in on of the same at the fall a childe of one
Hughe ap Pavvd butchar beingo of the age of iiij ycares fell
downe into the water who only by the good p'vysyon of God

) Sou a view of " the Old Stone Bridge " in 0. & .13. 1, 2G9.

282 EARLY CHRONICLES OV* SHREWSBURY.

was savid who hardly escapid & cause of the falling of those
howses was throughe a floate of woodd wch comy'ge a mayne
downe strocke by chance uppon the wceck propps of those
old shopps and so lowsyd theyr stay and fell into the water.

This daye to saye the ix^"daye of Ap'll 1579 there was a
fraye made in Franckevill beinge one of the suburbs of Salop
betwenc master Thomas Stury of Rossall by Salop genthT and
Mr. John Cole of the towne of Salop gentil' and yf speedy
rescue had not coom there had be' mutche slaughtr not-
wthstandinge dyv's of borhe syds were hurtt.

This yeare and the xxvth of Aprell Sr Thomas Bromley
knight beinge a Shropshire man was made Lord Channcelior of
England beinge a woorthy man of great eloquence wysdom.

This yeare at the mariedge of capte' Leighte' was made at
Westmester a solempe tryumphe and justes wth barriars to
solempnyce the same.

There was this yere and in these baylyfTs tymes a quantitie
of grownde purchased for the use of ye towne of Shrewsbery
of master Thomas Mackewoorthe of Betton gentilm' where the
old head of the condit leadinge to Shrewsbery was and made
a newe agayne wth stone and coveryd wth tymber because that
the origynall wat' before was ope' althoug'he banckyd aboute
yeat peoples cattell frequentyd in and troublyd the same
wth other inconvenyances so the sayd p'cell of grounde beinge
purchasyd there were serte' spryngs dyggyd and stonyd over
and so coveryd upon wth yearthe havinge from them clere
passage in pypcs of leadd to the sayde headd neere by and see
passethe to Shrewsbery towne verey cleare & holsom wthout
any hynderance or Lnfect'on to ensue wch woorcke and ov'sight
bothe* of the saide springs and headd one Ry chard Gardn'
of Salop draper dyd tacke grcate paynes whose pollytycke
devyscs zealous hart and dylygent travells for the comodyty
and helthe of the hole towne <Sc posteritie ys woorthy of fame.

This yeare were men prest to goe into Ireland owt of thys
towne of Shrosbcry and Shropshyre.

This yeare and the xth daye of August the great assisse
was keapt in Shrosbcry wch was not keapt there of many
yearcs before and one of the sayd Judgs sate the seconde daye
under the newe byldings in the market place uppon a scaffold
made at the ennde of the same verey lightsoom and ope' eyre
wch lice lyckyd well. ....

Tliis yere cam to Shrewsbery xij pyrats wch were tacken at
Bcwwiaryslio in Wales uppon veheme't suspicion wch laye a
nyght or twoe and IVom thence sennt to the counsell in the
AL'ches to be cxamynyd.

EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY.

283

1579-80 Robart Ireland jimyor & John Perche marcha't
Bal3. :

This yeare were cliossen sergiants at the mace to saye
Davyth Longdon comm' s'giant Roger Langeley & Hughe
Benyon.

This yeare & the xxviij/ft daye of Octobr at night dyd aryse
sutche an extreeme tempest that did mutche harme a broade
in England bothe on laund and water therby the force of
\vch extreeme wynnde the highe aulter wyndowe and trynytie
wyndowe of St. .Marys churche in Shrewsberie were borne
downe bothe stone iron giasse & all and also the leads wch
coveryd the saide churche was wth the vehemencye thereof
rollyd upp wth the force of the same wynde until! it cam to
the stone woorcke in marvelous strange man1* to beholld.

This yeare and the xiiijfA daye of November cam throughe
Shrewsberie the foresaid xij pyrates from the counsell of the
Marches towarde Bewmarishe and there to tacke theyr triall in
the admyralls court.

This yeare one master Ryehard Joanes of Nottingam gentil'
sett up a comm'e brewehouse hard by the abbey in Shrousbery
and furnyshyng the same for that purpose began to brewe
beare for the towne the xixth daye of Marche 1579 & in-
habytethe in the same brewehouse.

This yeare and in the said moonthe of Marche one moother
Gawe' of the castell fo ivy ate in Salop was punyshyd in the
cornemarket of the same towne for goinge about to bewyche
and inchannt a catt of hyrs a d ysease from hyr neyghbors sowc
and yett notwthstanding the sowe dyeed of the saycl dysease.

This yeare there was a gencrall muster throughout the
realme of England and the ixth daye of June the towne of
Shrewsbury was mustered before master Leyghtn and the
baylyffs of the same towne in a place behynd the walls callyd
the quarrell and the next daye followinge all the ffranch's of
the sanaa towne musterid in the same place & before the sayd
p'ties in commyshion.

This yeare and the xxij daye of June cam to the towne of
Shreusbery a boye under the age of viij yearcs old wch was
borne in the cytye of York whose name ys Danyell Mason soon
to one Win. Mason dwellinge at St. Mary gate in the suburbs
of the sayde cytie the wch boye had bothe hys feete cloven and
hys right hand alsoe clove' lycko sheeps feete and had no
fynger or any marcke in hys brest where the dydys should be
bot all clene & smoothe and a comely vysage & well spocke',
the pyckturo of whom stoodd up in a bann' at the Abbey
fayre where the sayde boye was to be scene.

284

EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY.

This yeare and tlio xxth daye of July were sowldiars sennt
out of Salop and the Shire towards Ireland to furnyshe those
garrysoons there wch lackyd beinge wastyd wth skyrmishes and
sycknes.

This yeare and the xxujt/i of August were iij men laborars
smootherid to deathe in a barne of one Mr. Kynnastoons of
Lytyll Nesse beinge vj myles from Shrewsberye by the reasoon
of a mo we of corn sleepingc under the same in the nyght
wch fell uppon them.

This yeare and the same moonthe the castell gate in
Shrewsberie to sayc the Burgis gate1 there was newe repayred
wth stoane woorcke vcrey bewtyfull to saye the froont therof
towards the townc wth the queenes mts armes & the townes
armes by the polletycke ov'sight of Mr. Rychard Owen draper
beinge crown' for thys yeare.

This yeare and the xth daye of Septe'ber aperid in the
Elyme'tat ixof the elockc at night westward fyery inflamac'ons
and so contynewyd tyll one of the clocke that it apeered to
the beholders to be soom liames in the ayre wch shewyd sutche
light that men might well deecerne any thinge in their hands
were it never so small and beinge as light as the brecke of
day in the soomr tyme.

This yeare and the xxj daye of Septe'ber beinge St. Mathews
day and the fayre daye in Shrcwsbery at wch fayre the horse
fayre there and as that daye usually keapt in Francvil by the
water syde but by reasoon of the gretnes of the wat' it was
keapt in a fylld commily callyd Mr. Yevans fylkl being
therby, behynd the yeordc the' beinge a stoobble and there
for that tyme keappt.

1580-1. Wyllyam Jones & Wyllyam Herrynge Bayll's.

This yeare' was chosen common S'giant Rondle Rollos and
the other twoe sargyantts wcare Ellys Keffyn & Richard Harrys.

This yeare about the later ende of October aperid in the
weast a blasinge Starr \vch contynewyd the space of iij weeks
aspiringe towards the oast.

This yeare and the ij daye of Novemb1 the quarter sessyons
was keapt in Shreusbery callyd the grete sessyons anil so
callyd for the number of pryson's that there were as also the
number of people, Mr. Foular2 the' beinge Stuart wch sate

1 The Burgess Gate was the Upper Castle Gate which stood at
right angles to the Free School Chapel across the street. It was
used as a prison, and becoming ruinous was taken down.

2 William Fowler, Esq., of Shrewsbury, and of liarnago Grange,
3rd sou of Roger Fowler, of Broomhill, eo. Stafford and ....

EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY. 285

uppon them iij daycs wch nevr was seene to any memory but
that the gaolc delyv'y was don and dispatched in a day and a
halffe at the most there were xv persoons condempnyd of
the wch there were v that went to the place of execucon and
the reast were savyd by theirc boockes1 and woome' supposyd
to be wth chilld, it is to be notyd as conserni'ge the v p'sons
wch cam to the place of execuc'on iiij of them were put to
dcthe and the rth being a mayde and for a smale tryfull beinge
condemnyd who beinge of sutche pacions and godly behavyor
in hyr jurney towards hyr deathe and howe she was mortyfyed
to dye in pswadinge also the stubbernes of hyr fellowes at the
place of execuc'on was stayed by one Mr. Doctor Bouckeley2
a lernyd p'chcr of God's woorde wch dyd well, vewe the con-
v'sacon of the sayde mayde uppon greate pytie brought hyr
home for a tyme p'messinge to begge hyr lytte and so dyd wch
mayde lyvythe in the fearc of God and dothe verey well.

This yeare and the xijth daye of ^February Sir Harry
Sydney e Lorde President of the Marches of Wales wth the
counsell cam from Ludlowe to this towne of Salop to keape
the tearm here at whose cominge there were ij orac'ons made
unto hym by twoe of the free scoole scollars wch were master
Needams son and heyre and one of Master Justes Bromles
soons standi'g bo the upon a scaliolde made at the condit at
the Wyld coppe before Mr. Roger Harrys dore to whom the
sayde Lorde gave greate prayse.

This yeare and the xxiiijih daye of M'che being the last
daye for that yeare acordinge to the compt of England beinge
or Lady even and Good Frydaye one Thomas Bowdlar the
yonger the soon of John Bowdlare sherman hangyd hymsellffe
in the uppr part of hys owne house upon a beame of the same
beinge in Carnarvon Lane in Shreusberie.

This yeare 1581 and the xxiijf/i of Aprell beinge S* Georgs
daye the right honourable Sr Henry Sidney Lord President of
the Marches of Wales beinge of the pryvey counsell and one
of the Knights of the most noble ordr of the garter keapt
S' Georgs feast in Shreusbery most honorably comm'nge the
sayde day from the counsell bowse there in hys knightly robbes
most valiannt wth hys gentilme' before hym and hys knights

sister of Rowland Lee, B'p of Lichfield, lie was buried at Cound
1 March, 1597.

1 That is, by u benefit of clergy." Iking able to read and write.

2 This was Edward Eulkeley, D.D., Prebendary of Chester, Minister
of St. Mary's, and publick preacher of the town ; son of Xhos.
Eulkeley, gent., of Wore, near Drayton. He died about 1G0G.

286 EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY.

followinge hym in brave order and after them ye baylyffs and
aldermen in theire scarlett gownes wth the companyes of all
occupac'ons in the sayde towne in their best lyvereys and
before ev'y wardens oi' ev'y company their ij stuards before
the' wth white rodds in theire hands wch devydid ev'ye com-
pany followinge in good and seemly ordr towards Sfc Chadds
churche where he was stallid upon the right h' syde of the
quyer where he was stallid upon the right hande in the said
chansell nere unto the queenes mts place preparid in the same
quyer also wth all the nobilits armes that were knights of the
garter and passing© and repassinge by the queenes mt3 place
he dyd as mutche honor as thoughe hir mtie had ben present,
where he had there y° devine serves songe by note to the
glorificnge of God and to the greato honor of the said Sr Henrie
who began hys feast uppon the eve and kept open howsehold
for the tyme, it ys to be notyd yl there was sutche a goodly
number of townes men followinge hym to the churche that
whe' he entrid into the churche the latr end of the trayne was
at my Lord's place or counsell house wch ys the iust length e
of 700 pases at the least.

This yeare and the fyrst dave of Mayg the mastrs of the free
scoolo in Shrosberv whose names were Thomas Larrance, John
Backer Rychard Atkys and Roger Kennt made a brave and
costly bancket aft1 supper1 of the same daye to the number of
xl dishes and the mast1 before the' ev'g seoole presentinge x
dyshes wythe a shower before ev'y scoole p'nowncyngc thesse
words

j "( Thesse are all of Larance lore

Larrance i. j Acompt hys hart above his store,
■n i. 2 ) These x are all of Lackers bannde

r J Good wyll not welthe nowe to be stande.

. , o X These x are all in Atkys chardge

Atlvys 6. | His gyllts are smale h«TS good wyll lardge

-r^ . \ Thesse x coom last and are the least

llennt j- Yett Kt,nnts g00(l W}.n ys wth t]ie beast.

These verses followinge were writte' that heare aftr followe
about the bancketinge dyslies

En mittunt librum libram non mittere possunt
Virgam non vaccam mittere quisq' potest.
The sccounde dave of Maye all the scollars of the said free
scoole beingc tauglit by the foresaid foure masters beinge in
number ccclx wth theire mastrs before ev'y of them marchinge
bravely from the free scoole in battell order wth theire gencralls

Supper in those days was served about f> p.m.

ttAELY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY. 28?

captens, droomcs, troompetts and ensings before them througlie
the towne towards a l.ardge fillde callycl the Geye beinge in the
abbey suburbes of Salop and there devydinge theire banndes
in iiij parts mett the sayde Lord Psident beinge uppon a lusty
courser invyroninge hym aboute and earn to him the generall
openinge to his Lordship hys purposse and assembly of hym
and the reast tlie' he wth the other captens made theire
orac'ons howe valiantly they wold feight and defennde the
countrey at wch the sayde Lord had greatc pleasure and
mutch e rejoysyd gyvyng great prayse to the sayde master
for the Eloquency thereof.

This yeare and the viij/A daye of Maye Syr Henry Sydney
Lord P'sydent aforesaide departid from Shreusbery by wat'
and toocke hys bardge under the Castell hyll by hys place
and as he passid by the' were xiiij chamber pe'cs bravely shott
of wfch a serte' shott of hargabushcyrs and so passinge alongst
not the lengtho of a quarter of a myle of by water there weare
placid in an Uott hard by the water syde serte' apoyntyd
scollars of the free scoole beinge apparelyd all in grcene and
greene wyllows uppon theire heades maringely callinge to
hym mackinge there lamentable orac'ons sorrowinge hys de-
parture the wch was doon so pytyfully and of sutche ex-
cellency that truly itt made many bothe in the bardge uppon
the water as also people upon land to weepe and my Lorde
hym sehTe to chandge countenance and because the orac'ons
of the sayd nymphes are soomwhat tedious to put them here
downe I thought it beast to place here the fynyshinge of the
later staffe of the last nymphe that spaeke wch sangc the hole
songo wth mus'es playeinge & fynyshyngc in this man'

And wyll yor honor needs depart

<t most it needs be soc
Wold God wee could lyek fy.shcs swyme

that \vc might wtu (lie goe.
Or ells wold God this lytill lie

were stretch id owt so lardgc
That we one foote might follow y°

ct wayte upon the bardge

Rut seeingc we caunot swyme

and llelands at an ennde
Safe passage \\th a short returns

the niyglitie God thee sonde.1

1 'J'heso verses were probably written by our Salopian poet,
Thomas Churchyard,

Vol. in al

288 EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY.

And so the bardge departid the baylyffs and serte' of the
aldrme' accompaninge hym by wat' until! he cam to Atcham
brydge and there they dynyd all togeather in the bardge uppon
the water and after dyner tackinge theire leave wth moorni'g
countenance's dep'tid.

This yeare and in the moonthe of Maye one Mystrcss
Barnefilld of Newport beinge xij myles from Shrcwsbery
kyllyd hyr sellrfe the cause thereof was that not onely shee
beinge gellows of hyr husband and also not p'fect in mynde,
one night beinge in bed wth hyr sayde husband and holdinge
a nackid knyfie in hyr hannd Avoid have cutt hyr husbands
throte and myssinge hys wesand pype awackid uppon the
same and stayed hyr farie and so callyd for hclpe and lockid
hyr in a darcke chambere wtbout any knyfTe about hyr or any
thinge ells to hurt hyr sclifte, but wthin a daye or twoc she
aspieed a rusty broade arrowe hedd in a pryvey place and
therewth cutt hyr owne throate most wyckydly.

This yeare a fyld behynnd the walles in Shrosbery comm'nly
callyd the behynde the wallcs1 beinge at libertie by reason of
asembly of the counsell of the townc and the comm'ns it was
put to Jamie agaync for iij ycares unto master Purser, master
Teanche, master Owen, Mr. Burnell, master Perche Wra Joanes
&c. to payc furthewtu for the same ex\}li towards the pur-
chasing^ of the vicoradge of S1 Chadds for evr.2

This yeare and in the moonthe of June the crosse wch stoode
in Saynet ^rary's churcheyorde in Salop was pullyd downe by
nyght and there was one Taylar of Hadnoll beinge executyd
for robbery buried in the same place where the sayde crosse
stoodd.

This yeare two of the newe byldyd shopps uppon the Walshe
bridge in the towne of Salop are altcryd and made for pryveys
for necessary easment for strangers.

This yere and the iiij///. daye of September was a woorshyp-
fall Aveddingc solempnvsed in S' ChatkFs churche in Salop be-
tweene master George Bromcley soon and heyre unto Mr.
Justes Bromeley and mystres Jane Leighton daughter to the
woorshipfull Mi\ Leighton of Watelsbowrw, the wedding was
keapt in .Mr. Onslo\vs howse and master Myttoons unto the
wch cam the warshipfull of the shire and grcate resort of people
to se the braverye thereof the lycke weddynge was not in
Shrewsbery to any mans memorie iyvinge heretofore.

1 Now called the Quarry.

2 Sec 0. & B., 2, 210, as to the restoration of this Vicarogc to the
Crown.

EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY. 289

1581-2. Thomas Sherer & Thomas Lcwys Baylyffs.

This yere was chose', to bo comme' sargyant George Benyon
and the other two sargiaunts were John Smythe & John Lewys.

This yeare and at the first cornmyngc in of thesse baylyffs
there was an order tacken by the advyse of Mr. Doctor
Bouckeley that ev'ye Moonday Weansday and Frydaye through-
out the yeare in the churches of the towne of Shreusberie
serveys should be usually sayd ev'y of those mornings and to
begyn in thys order at Sl Chadds churche there to begyn at
eyght of the clocke, at Sl Jellyans at ix of the clocke and at
Sl Maries at x of the clocke that all people at ev'y of thosse
houres may at thcire leysures praye unto God that yf tyme
over passe them at one churche theye may have it at the odcrs
and not mysse that God maye be callyd uppon to the glorye of
hys holy name wcb ys a good and godly begynmge the Lorde
be praysyd for.

This yeare and the xjth, daye of Februarie were three me'
drownyd at Moontfords bridge beinge foure myles from
Shrousbery whose names weare Roger Pursell Roger Nesse and
Ry chard the wcav' wch three the same daye beinge in boate to
geat up a broom of wood iyenge in the water were by mys-
chance in faylyng of thcire hollts ovcrturnyd all three in the
wat' there and so drownyd.

This yeare and the viijf/t daye of March e 1581, were scene
in the Elyme't in the nyght woonderfull fyerye flames rysinge
from the east spredinge it sellfie almost ov' all the northewest
horison contynewinge the space of an howre and more.

This yeare and in the moonthe of Februarie were all the
souldiars in Ireland dyschardgid and ev'y man went whom to
thyre coimtrey.

This yeare and the xix/A'of Marehe were drownyd beneathe
Tcrne Bridge by Shrousbery a lytyll from Atcham in the
countie of Salop a yonge man & a may do who d welly d bothe
in Atcham and should have be' marieed at Easter followinge
whose names were Davyd Gcordge and Lucy \Voorsam the
cause of thcire drowninge was this, they beinge bothe in a
boato uppon the sayd wat.' togeathcr huntinge gecsse whom-
wards of the wat' the boate chaunsyd to stricke against a
stacke and so toornyd the' bothe Avtu the sayde blowc over the
lieades into the sayd water in the syght of the sayde mayds
moother beinge on land on thother syde of the water and
never rosse agayne and so p'sently tacke' up bothe deadd and
buried togeathcr.

This yeare &; the xxiiij//t daye of IMarche being Saterdaye
one John Capper beinge of late the clarckc of the Abbey of

290

EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY.

Shreusberie was drawe' throughe Shrewsberie & hangyd at
Kyngsland by Shreusberie for treason, the sayde Capper was
apreliendid by Mr Prynce of Salop uppon suspic'on of a pre-
tencid robberie bctwen hym and one Lyllye soomtymes
servant wth the sayde Mr. Prynce wch robbery should have been
doon by them uppon the sayd Mr. Pryncs howse so upon the
examynac'on of the matter by master Prynce and others at
soondrie tymes at leangthe confessyd the practyse, that the
sayde Lyllye had in hys house in coimterfctinge the queenes
mts coyne of serten peces of vjcZ beringe the date of or Lorde
God 1575 and at ye place of execuc'on he denyeed that ev' he
had any benyfyte of sutche money but Lylly told hym that lie
had made serten pecys of yjd of the sayde date wch he ncv'
littery d wth mutche other talke and further sayde yf Lylly
hadd been stayde whoe made an escape he hadd been savyd
& so dyecd wthout any feare of deathe.

This yeare and in the sayde moonthe of Marche 1582 the
famus howse in the Abbe forvatc in the towne of Shreusberie
sytuatc by a greate barne callyd the Abbotts barne was boyldid
by one master Prynce Lawyar callid master Pryncs place the
foondac'on began in Marche 1578 so was it iiij yeares in
buyldinge to hys greate chardge, wth fame to hym and hys
postcritc for ev'.1

This yeare and the xxvih daye of Ap'll cam to the towne of
Shreusberie on namvd Anthony Frynpan beingc a Flemminge
borne and of the towne of Handwerp who was ij yards and a
halffc of heyght and lodgid at master Thomas Myttoons howse
under the Wyle and many people resortid bothe of the towne
and coountrey to see sutche rare syght. And departingc from
Shreusberie towards Loondoon he was robbid of all the money
he hadd for he had got tun before he cam to the sayde towne
a greate pceco of money and by the way as he cam as also
comminge into the towne wold keepe hym sellfle privey and
wold not be scene wtbout money wherfore for hys covetous
myndc he was preventid and so lost all that lie had for he used
to keepe his money wUl hym why t her soevr he went.

This yeare & the ij of May at Polct hyll nere Cothercott
Elnor Gwyn hanged her sell fe wth hir kerchefie sytting on the
groundo at the sprigc of an holly.

1 Prynce's Place, now called the Whitehall, was in all probability
built with stone from the ruins of the Abbey. The "Abbots Barn"
may have been the largo outbuilding on the north side of the yard of
the mansion.

EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY.

291

This yeare and the xlxth daye of Maye there was at Hughlye
vj myles from Shreusbery ij p'soons kyllyd wth thoonder, whose
names were Thomas Lewis soon to Richard Lewis yc farmar of
Hnghelie in the coimtie of Salop and Mr. Pygotts mayde
goinge bothe uppon an arand and cominge together whom-
wards a tempest toocke the' and avoydinge the same under a
tree not passinge halite a mylc from Hughelye ye light bolt
kyllyd them pytybtisly.

This yeare and in t he moonthe of Maye one Capten Mack-
woorthe beinge a Shropshire man and borne in Shrosbcry
towne servinge of long tyme in Ireland and as bold a man as
ev' servid there (who in hys tyme had slayne great numbers
of Iryshe rebells) was taken by a trane goinge from D}Tnclyn
whom to hys house by those wch hoc mystrustid least and so
by hys enymys was cruelly dismembryd and manglid in pec's
savinge hys headd wch was cutt of whole and no p't therof
defacid & the same sennt to the Earle of Dcsmoonde.

This yeare and the xxxih daye of Julii the greate assyse was
kept in Shreusberie being Shyrrefe of the sayde shyre Mr.
Wyllyams1 of Wyllaston who cam in wth the Judgs in woorthy
order and kept for the tyme of the said assyse in my Lords
place there a plentifull howse duringe all the tyme of his
aboade.

This yeare and in the begyninge of October and before the
elect'on of the ncwe bay ly lis were lxxvj newe burgesses or
freemen made and tacken in to the freedoom of Salop and the
money wch they payde for their commynge in amountid to the
soom of iijc iiijxx li \vch was apoyntid to be applied to the
yearely p'fett of xlli for the maintenance of a preachar to
contyncwe for ev' in the sayde towne of Salop.

1582-3 Wyllyam Tenche'fc Edward Owen Baylyffs.

This yeare was chosen to be comraen sergiant for this towne
of Shreusberie Rychard Teggyn and thoder ij sergyants were
Willyam Barns and Thomas JSprystowe.

This yeare k the daye of November the xxv persons that
wennt uppon the last Elect'on were callyd agayne to ellect and
chusse a ncwe syxenian for and in the place of Thomas Doon
wch late dysceassyd and there was of the sayd xxv persoons ij
waritinge for whom the ij p'soonns wch callyd the Elect'on
whose names were Mr. George Prowde and master Rychard a
Powell who dyd call ij others and so they wennt togcather into

1 Thomas Williams of Wollaston, par. of Alberbury, son of Reginald
Williams, of a Welsh fa mily. Arms ; — JSa 3 nag's heads erased erm%
lilakeway's Shtrifls,

292 EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY.

the Elect'on howse. and clyd choose John Byston gentuT to
supply the place wfch the reast for the hole yere ensuinge.

This yeare and the iiijth of February one John Prestedge
alias Hyll of Shreusberie joyner (so namyd because he dwelt
wth a pryest callyd Hyll) was hangid uppon a gybbet placyd
uppon the greene by the watersyde by the Abbey myll over
against hys howse uppon the Stone bridge in Shrousberie who
hangid there iij dayes The cause of hys death was for
murthcringe hys wyfie and so cast hyr pryvely over the said
bridge into the water wch was doon before X'ras and could not
be founde but a lytill before the towne sessions as God wold
have it revealyd so uppon nianyfest p'ffs conclemnyd (al-
thoughe at his raingme't Sc also at the howre of hys deathe
stowtly denyde the same) who Avoid have ben quytt and savyd
at the sayd sessyons yf God of hys mercy had not brought hyr
to light.

This yeare and about this tyme there was greate suyte
made by men of West Chester to the queens mu and the
pryvey counsell for to have the sale and market of Walshe
clothe removed from Oswester1 to the cytie of Chester by the
onely labour of one Peter Newale of the sayd cytie of Chester
the wch had been a greate decaye to the hole towne of Shreus-
bury and also of Oswestrie the wch had almost passyd against
them yf Sr Thomas Bromley beinge Lorde Chaunselor of
England had not (by hys greate wysdoom) openyd the same
to the queens Mfci for the wch godly deede theye of the sayd
townes are contynewally bownde to praye day lye for.

This yeare and the xj£/i daye of Marche beinge Moonday at
nyght the right honorable Lady Mary Sydneye cam to this
towne of Salop in hyr wagon'-2 and toocke hyr lodgyngs at my
Lord's place there, and the xixth day ensuinge the most
valyant knight Sr Harry Sydney hyr husband beinge Lorde
President of the Marches earn also from Ludlowe to this towne
of Salop in honorable manor and as ho passyd in hys wagon
by the condit3 at the Wylde coppe were made ij excellent

1 See many " Papers relating to the Welsh Cloth Trade. 1G22-
1644 " in Trans. Shropsh. Arch Soc, 3, 132.

2 The " wagon " was the precursor of onr present carriages, and by
its strong construction better suited to the then rough state of the
roads. It was generally covered and lined with fine coloured cloth
fringed with silk, lined with buckram, and had hammer cloths with
armorial hearings and badges.

3 The conduit on the Wyle Cop is represented in the plan of the
Town made for Lord Burleigh, temp. Elizth,

EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY. 293

orac'ons by twoe of the freescoole scollars whose names were
Jcrram Wryght and Thomas Crewe stainge in hys waggon to
heare the same the wch in the cnnde he praysyed verey well
and so passinge throughe towards hys Ladye wth his troom-
peter blowynge verey ioy fully to behold and see.

This yearc and the xx\d. day of Marche about viij of clocke
at nyght aperid in the Elymc't fyery flames p'ceadinge owt of
the northe east and so passinge towards the weast the Elyme't
in that parte for the space of more than an owre toornyd as
redd as blood and so vanyshid awaye.

This yeare and the xxiJt daye of Aprell 1583 one Jamys
Lloid beinge servaunt wth Syr Harry Sydney Lorde President
was putt on the pyllory1 in the market place of Shreusberie
and one of hys cares naylyd to the same and also presently
whippid for counterfetinge the sayd Lord President name and
hand writinge.

This yeare and the xvth of Maye a marvelows grete clap of
thoond1 wth lighteninge chancyd to light uppon one ennde of
master George Hyggyns howse in Shreusberie and stroocke
the raff'ter of hys house ennde and clave the same a soonder
the fall whereof kyllyd a pygge of the same master Higgyns
beinge in a stye neere thereunto.

This yeare from the highe crosse in Shreusberie down to the
Shoomack1- rowc ennde as also alonge the Castell foryate
beinge one of the suburbs of the sayde towne the streets
thereof weere newe pavyd verey pleasaunt for all passengers
wch before were holyc and dangerous for horsemen & others.

This yeare and about the ennde of Maye one Mr. Eobart
Corbet a Shropshire gent if soon and heyre to Syr Andrewe
Corbet of Murt'n Corbet goinge up to Loondon to vyset hys
uncle Water Corbet of Loondoon who anon after hys com-
myngc dyeed of the plage and ye sayd Robart by reasoon of
the infect' on diced there also, who was of great© estimac'on
wth the qtieenes mV and the nobilytie because he coulde
speacke perfectly soondry forrayne langags by reason of hys
longe absence in hys youthe owt of England in forrayne
coontrcys and especially traynyd up as it were in the Em-
perours court who was lycke to have coom to greate woorship
yf he had lyvy.d and had also been a greate staye and coun-
tennce to the hole shyre and especyally to the towne of Salop
whose deathe was gretiy lament id whose dead bodyc was
brought from Loondoon downe to hys sayd place in the

1 Tbo pillory is represented in the plan made by order of Lord
Burleigh.

294

EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY.

coountrey where lie was the xxiijf/i daye of Julye burieed
there by hys father & hys auncientrie vcrey wo'shipfully.

This yeare and the xvijtk daye of July cam to the towne of
Shreusbry one John Taylor sometymes a rnarchant of Loon-
doon and free of the coompany of Fyshrnoongers there who
lodgyd at one John Blesse and brought thyder wth hyrn strange
and woonderfull syghts thas ys to saye a dead child e in a coffyn
wch had ij heades and one hole bodye proporshyonably the wcU
bodie had ij bake boanes. More a lyve sheepe beingc a tupp
the wch had vj feete iij of those feete as other sheepe have in
p'fect place and propor'ion and theoder ij feete commyngc out
under hys foondame't wch dyd hange downe and nev' towchyd
ye grownde more hee had ij foondements under hys tayle, also
ij pyssolls and ij paire of codds devydyd sonderiey being in
theyre usual! placs and yf the partee wcU keapt hym wold aske
hym and saye be thesse people welcoom he wold lyft up hys
forcfoote and crye heighe, heighe, heighe, more he brought w il
hym a pygge the wdl had ij lytyll homes growinge owt of hys
headd hyr tayle growinge out of hyr backe and a monsterous
byggc belly and of shortness lycke a purpentyne; also
more a lyve Eagle a purpentyne of the sea dead and
a dead calfTe wth ij heades also a wylde lyve Lyneks
commonly callyd a wyld catt beinge a Ivrce beast to whom the
keeper wold otter to strieke but she wold firstly defennde the
blowe wth hyr pawes rasing the staffe myschevouslye And
also more a glasse artyfycially made beinge but ij candells
therin and a chayne wth ij facs or pycturs wch wold represent
inwardly to thesight of the beholders soondry candells, chaynes,
facys juells and oilier things myrac'ously.

This yeare and the xxij daye of July the great assyse was
keapt in Shreusbery contynewinge ij dayes and a halffe the
Judges lay at master Onslows place and the Shyretfe whose
name was master Foxe1 lave at master Purcells place who cam
in wth the sayde J udgs wth the number of xlij horse beingc all
hys men and all in a livery and well horsyd whoe kept a
plentyfull howse all the tyme of hys aboade.

This yeare and the xxiiij//t daye of September being Tues-
daye at nyght one Bryan's howse in Woorthen ix mylcs from
Shreusberye was by a greate myschance burnt in the wch fver
one Lawncelot Gyttyns was burnt verey pytyfully. The sayd
Gyttyns wennt ones owt of the .howse bemge on fyer from

1 Charles Fox, of Cainham ami Broomficld, son of William Fox, of
St. John's, Ludlow, Mcnibcr of the Council of the Marches. Arms :
ary a chevron between 3 foxes heads erased yu, Blakeway's Sheriff's*

EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY.

295

the danger thereof but beinge a bold and a venterous man
(more was to be p.ytied somwliat to bold) rcturnyd in
agayne to falche owt a cupburde & bringinge the same
throughe a doore stacke so fast in the sayd doore that it
could ncyther goe in nor owt by roasoon wherof he neyther
coulhl passe furthe' but was forsyd to get alofte in a man'
throughe the forse of the fyer and leappinge to saye throughe
an upper wyndow there loll wth hym a peeee of tymber wch
dashycl hys braynes aboute hys cares and so pytiously burnt.

This dayc and the 'ujth dayc of October at night being the
nyght before the Elccton of the no we baylyffs the stoane crosse
in Sfc Jellyans churche yarde in Salop was piillyd downe.

This yeare and the uijth dayc of October beinge Fryday in
the mor'inge before they went to the elccton of the newe
baylyffs there was by the old baylyffs p'clamac'on made
throughe the towne of Salop that no scollars, boyes nor
prentiscs shulld that nyght goe a broade to dysquyett the
towne wth unreasonable noyses feyghtings and dysorders wch
were woontt usually to proceedo as that nyght and y* ev'y
housholder should not sutler theire servants scollars ner others
in theire howses to depart furthe that night uppon y° payne
of vli wch was keapt and so all things p'eeedid quyetlye and
endid. in good tyme and in god order.

1583-4 George Hyggyns & Mychell Chamber Baly.

This yeare was chosen eommen s'giant for the towne of
Salop John Baugho skynner & Theoder ij sergyants were
John Coyde and Rye' ilany'ge taylor.

This yeare and in the moontlie of November one Downes
doughter being mayde to mystrcs Mary Corbet of Murtu' in
the countie of Salop upon a wyckyd pretence and opynyon
take' wyllfully kyllyd hvr seilf'e wth hyr ownc knyfe.

This yeare and in the sayd moontlie of December a serv'nt
of Rychard Gardn' of Salop whose name was Thomas Cott'n
was by myschance fallyn in to a fumes of whot boylmge
lyckcr and so presently boylyd to deatlie.

This yeare tlicre was order tacken in the towne of Shrcus-
bery to knowe the howres of xj of the cloeke at noone and v.
of the clocke at night there shuld a bell toll in Sainct Maris
churelie to g}rve serte' knowledge to the scollars of the free-
scoole there and also for the inhabitants & other beinge vcrey
nccccssary and commodious as ap'taynid.

This yeare and in the begynni'ge of the sayd baylyffs tyme
the seato for the baylyffs and Aldermen in the Guyld hall
commc'ly callyd the boothe hall in Shreusberie was \vayns.
kottid in more coomlyer and comme'dabler order then befor@>

Vol. in. AM '

296

EARLY CHRONICLES OP SHREWSBURY .

This yeare the coansell of the Marches kept terrne all the
Lennt in Shreusbery.

This yeare one Richard Clowes of Darlesoon in the countie of
Salop soomtymes a kariar (havinge hys triall for murtheringe
a passinger wch cam from Ireland wth chardge of money in
Presse hetlie) was hangid in chaynes in the sayde heathe the
25th day of M'che to the exsample of the lycke wyckyd.

This yeare and in these baylyffs tymes 1583 the drawe
bridge upon the Stone gate in Shreusberie beinge in decaye
was repayrid and newe raylid.

This yeare and the 17 of Marche one John Rawlyns of
Ratly choppe in the countie of Salop beinge a begger hangid
hym sellffe in an old coate or cowe house wth a lease cast ov'
a beame in the same cote and there was founcle in hys house
bills of debt owyngc hym for (lie soom of dQU or ther abouts
a just reward by the dyvill up])on sutche dyssymbli'g beggers.

This yeare in Wostenstowe in the countie of Salop twoo men
were sawying of a greate broonde lyeinge uppon the grownde
and as soone as the same was sauid a soonder one halfie of the
same rowlyd uppon one of the' and brossyd hym presently to
deathe most pytifully.

This yeare and the vjth day of Maye 1584 cam to the toyrcie
of Shreusbery serte' commyssonvs from my Lords of Canther-
bery whose names were Doctor Byckeley, Doctor Merick & the
archedecon of [Darby] to se orders in the churches as cons ninge
uses in the churche for weringe syrpleses Xr'inge of Childre'
and sate uppon the same in Sfc Chadds churche there and the
baylyffs and clergy uppon theyrc co'scent pull yd downe the
crosses in S6 Chadds church yardc, and Sfc Alkmoonds downe
to the grownde and in the bottom of Sfc Chadds crosse was
foounde a fayre stoane uppon the wch was gravyn a butchars
axe and a butchars Knytle by the wch ys to be iudged that
the company of the butchers payd for the chardge of buyldinge
of the same also was foounde behynde one of the pyctures hi
the sayd crosse a waxe candell oiirid by soom superstic'ous
p'soon.

This yeare at Wem one Robart Bold hangid hym sellff
standing on the grownde.

This yeare and the xxxth daye of Maye the Lord Robart
Dudley Earle of Leeester and Lorde Robart Devereux Earlc of
Essex wtu the Lorde Northe cam to Shreusberie and were R— -
of the woorshipfull of the shire and also of the baylys wth hys
breethc' the alderme' and other to the number of xxiiij
scarlet gownes wth the scollars of the fivescoole and companyes
of the occupa'ions of the same towne in comely and seemely

EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY.

297

order and at the coondit at the upper ennde of thewylde coppe
were 3 orac'ons made unto hym by Mr. Thomas Sydney hys
systcrs soonn, Ryohard Hoorde & Edward Higgoons bothe in
prosso and myter. The effect of Mr. Thomas Sydneys orac'on
was this. He revcren'ly salutid hym in the name of the hole
towne howe glad they were to see him desiringe his honor to
things well of the towne who had in a man' nurcid hym in
lerni'ge wth lovinge intertaynement from the highest to the
least humbly prainge his honour to gyve the baylyffs and all
the reast thancks in his behallffe. The other two dyd declare
what noble stockc he cam of and was the chyffyst flowre in
floorryshinge the same howe valiant in all his actts and
attempts and what triumphant ennde he hathe brought and
brings tliem unto and howe highely esteemyd of the prynce
here for his wysdoom and pollitiek counsel! of sutche longe
contyneuid peace what blessings of God he hathe r'sd to
prevent foren prync's and pacyfie'g theyre intysid purposes
and always domestical] & fore' tray tors revelyd non of his
noble stocke the lycke, and in the ennd shewid howe joyful
all the towne were to see hym repetinge hys noble hart towards
the prosperitie of the same, and so endid wyshing hys honor
to tacke all things in good p't prainge the Almighty to con-
tynewe hys honor wth Nestor's y cares and the' passid throughe
to master Onslow's place beinge furnyshid by Mr. Leightoon
and beinge there quyet there was presentid unto hym from
the baylyffs a standinge coop of sylve' gyllt wherein the' was
xxli in angells a hogshead of wyne and bancketinge dyshes to
the valewe in all of xlli wch of hys honor he thanckfulry rsd,
the next morninge he went to vysett the free scoole there to
whom were made unto hym soondry orac'ons gratifienge the
masters of the scoole wth soondry rewards, then cam lie from
thence to St. Marys church e where he hard serveys and an
excellent sermoond mad there unto hym by master Toomkys
and so dep'tyd to hys foresaid place, and after dyner toocke
hys jurney towards Oswestrie and so to Denbighe and passyd
throughe Chester whomwards.

This yeare and the fyrst daye of June was rearid a newc
frame wtb a turninge stayre to entir into the boothc hall in
Salop in the place of the olde stayres at the rearinge of wch
buyldinge one Wyllyam Eyton all's diet' W of the hall
beinge a very stout e laborar & a bold stronge man and a tall
fell of the topp of the said buyldinge downe to the grownde
and so spoyhle to deatho and never spaeke woord and was
burieed in Sl Chadds churche yard where lie had buried a
thousand for he was a eomme' maeker of graves for the dead,

298

EARLY CITRONICLFS OF SHREWSBURY.

And it is also further to be remembrid that the baylyffs of the
towne keapt the checker at mastr Richard Myttoons place in
the cornemarkett because the stayre to goo up to the hall,
were not redye made as that daye beinge Monday and checker
daye.

This yeare and the thrid daye of June beinge Wensday be-
fore Wnytsoontyde and the fay re daye in Shrousberie at.
Dorryngetoon wthin the countie of Salop Joane Browneford
hanged hyrsellffe in hyr fathers howse verey strangely sytting
uppon the grownde.

This yeare the baylyfYes of Salop and comme' cownsell of the
same made an order and regestrid the same that no forryn'
should be admyttid to the freedom of the sayd towne except
he payde xli besyds the chardge.

This yeare Rye was in Shreusbery at 15 and lGd. the
bushell and wheate at 2s. Gel.

This yeare and about the begyninge of Julii at Prestoke
beinge a myle from liughly in the countie of Salop two
coontrey boyes keepinge theire masters oxen uppon a grene
fallinge owt the one wth the other one of the' stroocke the
other wth the butt ennde of hys goade under the syde of the
head and so fell presenntly downe as it were dead, the other
roonning away uppon the same levinge thoder so lye'g and soom-
what comminge to hym sell fie got up so well as he coulde and
goinge weakly towards home fell downe agayne starck dead
and the other p'tie being apprehendid brought as prison' to
Shreusbery untill the assissc.

This yeare and the 7 daye of Julii 1584 one Hughe ap
Eavan ail's Pen Mawre of Salop taylor hangyd hym selfYe wth
hys owne leather gyrdle under a lyttill bridge nere to a style
by the waterside beinge in a fylld of my Lady Newports be
hynde the Castell foryate call id cowe medowe the bridge that
he hangyd hym sell tie one was not passinge 3 foote hyghe
syttinge uppon hys buttocks hys chynn toochynge the sayde
bridge hys hannds beinge at 1 ybertie the wch was verey strandge
to the beholders except the dyvill shulld be an helper therewth
as he ys redy uppon despera'ion to further sutche poorposis
and there leaves them to their sliame.

This yeare and the 17 daye of Julii A° p'd there was a
notable stadge pi aye [)layed in the Heye Streete in Shreusbery
in the aplo market place there by the Eaiie of Essexe men
openly and freely.

Tills yeare and the IS daye of July about ij of the clocke at
mydnight thero was a fyer at Sfc John's ITyll in Shreusbery to
sayc in one Harry GrMietlis howse there beinge a weav' wch cam

EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY, 299

by myschanco of a oandcll and so burnyd the saidc Hughe
Gryfryths howse and the howse next to it weast warde and a

Eeace of a howse eastward and had lycke to have been mittche
urt doon yf the saide Earle of Essexe me' had nott manfully e
venturid in great danger especially and others in generall
great hurt had been doon by the reason of barns hard by full
of come and straw the sayd tenim'ts beloongid to Mr. Lloyd of
Salop alderman.

This yeare and the xxviiif/i daye of July one John Wyllyams
the elder of Preston goobolls wthin the lybertie of Salop in the
countie of Salop husbandman beinge of the adge of 70 yeares
and well to lyve wyckydly and desperately hangid hym scllrfe
wythe a wayne rope in the forenoone of the sayde daye wthin
the entry of hys owne howse: the Lorde be mercyfull unto us
the lycke yeare bathe not been scene of any mans memory of
the number of people that bathe desperately spylyd them
selves in all couritres especially throughe Englannd in hanginge
murtheringe and drowninge them selhTes the Almightic God
be or gyde and defender in all wyckyd assaults of the workle
the fleshe & the dyvell Amen.

This yeare also and about the ennde of July the boothc hall
of the towne of Shreusbery was sylyd wtbin overhedd and
newe garnyshid to saye where the baylyffs and Aldermen sytt
and the syrcuyt thereof in bewtyfull and decent order against
the commynge ot the Judges of Assyse.

This yeare and the xtk daye of August 1584 the great
assyses was kept in Shreusberie Mr. Cressedge1 beinge Shyrreff
who cam woorshipfully in wth the said Judgs the assizes con-
tynewinge until 1 Wensday at noonc beinge the xij/A daye of
tne same moo'the, the sayd Judgs lye'nge at Mr. Byrryngtons
place and the sayd Shyrrelf at my Lords place who kept a
plentyfull howse for ye tyme of hys abode.

This yeare and the v\]th daye of September 1584 the town
of Shreusberie was musterid by Mr. Leyghtoon and 24
apoynted and they havings chardge to apeere upon Thursday
folio winge beinge the xt/t daye at Atcham wheare all the rest
of the souldiars of the shyre mett before thcire apoyntyd
captc's and there beinge were chosen owtof the sayd 24 twelve
able and sufficient p'soons and theire prest money delyverid
them havinge in chardge to be ready at an owres Avarnin^e
and so departyd ev'y man hoome.

1 Edward Civssctt, of Upton Cressctt and Holgato Castle. Arms :

a.:, a cross within a bordure both engrailed or. — l)l;dveway's Sheriffs.

There is a view of Holgate Castle in Mrs. S. Acton's Garrisons, p, 48.

300 EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY.

This yearo and the xijth daye of September being the thurs-
day before saynct .Mathews daye beinge the usuall daye for
election of Awditors for the towne of Shreusberie was agrcid
at the sayd assembly that xxti burgessis should be tacken in
for the soom of vli a pece notwthstandinge the order take'
aforcsayd because that the towne had a present sute in hand
verey benyfyciall and needfull.

This ycare and the xxjth day of Septembe' being S* Mathews
daye and also the fayre daye in Shreusberie the horsse fayre
was kept in the backesyde of Edward Myntoons in Franck-
vill in a tcynter erofte there becawse Syvcrn wat' coverid over
all the usuall place of the horsefayre there at that tyme.

1584-5. John Dawys & John Webbe Baylyffs.

This yeare was chosen comme' sargiant Ily chard ap Rychard
wevar and the other t wo sargiants were Roger Illedge mere'
and David Longdoon shoomaker.

This yeare and the xixth daye of October betwixt 8 and x
of the clocke at nyght apeerid in the ellyme't northeward fyery
inflamac'ons and aspyringe flames verey myraculows.

This yeare and the hi] /A daye of November the burgesis of
Shreusbery assembled together at the boothe hall for the
elect'n of two burgesis for the parlyme't and beinge three of
them in choyse and not lawfully to be iudgid wch twoe of
them shoulld bee whose names were mastr Thomas Owen Mr.
Richard Barkar & Mr. Harris they were comma'did to goc
throughe the doore by pole and theire voyces wryttcn and so
there was uppon Owen syde 3GG voyces upon Barkars syde 209
and uppon Harris syde 176 so that Owen and Barkar were
made by most elect'on burgesis of the parlime't for this town
of Shreusberie.

This yeare and the xijM. daye of November aforsayd the
worshipiull of Shropshire mett at the castell of Shrcwsberie
where they chose two knights for the parlyrnent whose names
were master Lvsoon and My. Bromeleye beinge soon and
he}^ to master iustes Bromeleye who were made betwyxt
8 & 9 of the clocke in the morninge.

This yeare and the xiij daye oi" December being Soondaye
betwixt vij and viij of the clocke at night were two geldinges
stollen owt of master Dawys stable in Rowsell beinge the
bayly takinge wth them their owne sadles e\: owne bridles verey
conningly and also boldly and the theeves were pursuyd wthin
ij howres after soondrie waves but coulld not be hardc of, the
saidc geldings were estemyd woorthe better the' xvli, as bold
a part as ey' was hard in Shreusbery Godd sennd them as they
liave deservyd.

EARLY ClIIiONICLES OF SHREWSBURY. 301

This yeare and the xviijth daye of Febru' beinge Thursdaye
a° p'd there fell sutche extreeme tempest all England ov' that
dyd mutche harme, and especially at a villadge callyd
Lyncell beinge 10 raylcs from Shreusbcrie that by the reasoon
of the extreeme force therof blewe the fyery coales owt
of an iron fordgc callyd a boome fordge uppon a thatchid ale-
howse therby that presently fyerid all the thatche of the same
howse and so blewe the whole thatche in flames a broade the
towne, by myschaunce wherof was burnyd at the least xiiij
howses and a barnefull of corne, to the utter undoinge of the
whole towne in a man'.

This yeare and in the sayd moonthe of Februarie 1584 the
steeple of the churche of S* Alkrnonds1 in Shreusberie was newe
poynted by one Geordge Arthor of Sfc Talbons by Loundon
ploomn' to fynyshe the same who (beinge a very symple man
and soomwhat lame hys sliowes also clowtyd wth iron) the xxth
daye of February beinge Saterday and in the after noone
of the same daye clymyd up to the topp of the same
steeple beinge lxvj yards of height from the bottoom wth the
sayd clowtid showes upon hys feete and brought downe the
sayd coke being of brasse and wainge 12 pownds beinge also of
sysse to say in lengthe from the bill to the ennde of his tayle
iij quart' of a yarde and in brodth from hys combe to the
bottom of hys belly halfe a yard lackinge ij ynches and the
secoonde daye of Marche beinge Tuesdaye m lycke man'
clymyd upp and did put the saide coke upon the top of the
sayd steeple agayne tur'inge it abowt soondrie tyrnes standing
up right uppon the iroon crosse beinge a rayny and wyndy daye
shakinge hys hannds and leggs abroade to the admyrac'on of
the beholds who also the xth daye of Marche followinge beinge
Wensdaye clymyd upp to the sayd steeple topp agayne in
lycke manor takingo wth hym a drume and a longe bowe and
arrowes and standi g upright upon the crosse of the same shott
an arrowe owt of the sayd bowe and played there uppon the
sayde clroom, Also agayne and last of ail the xiiji/t daye of
Marche beinge Saturday he clymyd up in lycke man' to the
top of the sayde steeple and tumid the sayd coke abowt lycke
a wheele shakinge hys amies and leggs whootinge and cricinge
stayinge there turni'g abowt the crosse and toynge almost
2 howres and so cam downe sober as he always dyd, but goinge
upp at ev'y tyme droncke as hys man' was.

Thys yeare and the 12 of Aprell the counsell of the Marches
of Wales cam to Shreusberie and contynewyd there.

In Fhillips, p. 100, is a view of old St. AlkmoncVs Church.

302 EAKLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY.

Thys yeare in Ap'll the plage was in Oswestrye so that the
Walsne clothe & market was kept at the Knockyn beingej)
inyles from Shrewsberie and thyder the Drapers of Shreusberie
ev'y Moonday dyd resort to by theyre clothe there until it
plesyd God to seasse the sayd sycknes at Osestry wch was
frequentid agayne there in the former ustiall trade the secoonde
daye of August after and the sayd Knoockyn gyve' over.

This yeare and the 15 daye of Maye Lord Robar Devereux
yonge Earle of Essex cam from master Leightoons of Watils-
boorowe throughe the towne of Shreusberie before whom was
made soondrie orac'ons by the seollars of the free scoole and
standinge in battell rave wth bowes & arrowes at hys passadge
throughe the castell gate reioysyd at the sight of them gyvingo
them greate rewards wth harty thancks.

This yeare and the 18 daye of Maye the burgessys &
comme's of the towne of Salop assemblyd togeather in the
boothe hall conserninge the elect'on and choyse of twoe meen
to followe the suyte of behynde the Walles upon the charge
of the towne against Mr. Hoorde & others wch clayme the
same so that they all agreed uppon Rychard Owen of
the stalls in Salop draper and Rychard Hyggyns tann' and
the xxfch daye of Maye followinge serten of Mr. Prynces
men in the quarrel 1 of the sayd master Woorde whoe had
sowen soom parte thereof wtb barley wthout the conscennt of
the saide towne to whom the inheritance belongid tyme
OAvt of mynde in paying a smale anuall rcnnt to the sayd
Whord's p'dicessors because never any p'sons coulld mere owt
tlierof his iust p't1 and at no tyme put eather to pasture or
arable, wtbout the consent of the hole towne, The com'ens at
that tyme as usual 1 sutche tymes they have doon put theire
cattell to grase there where uppon the sayd master Prynces
men dryvinge owt the cattell powndinge and mysusinge the
same a number of the boyes of the towne not knowen of theire
parents because they wold not losse their right drove the sayd
master Prynce's men wth clodds owt of the fillde and behoond
the woll so the matter cam to heringe of the worshipfull of
the Shire and they toocke order that the townes me' shoulld
frequent theyre acoostomyd order untill the matter were
triced by commen lawe and so the said master Princes corne
to be spoyllyd.

1 It is probable that this relates to the unenclosed ground in the
Quarry, 1G yards every way from a large stone on the edge of the
Dingle, now belonging to John Hurley Esq* of llossall, and for which the
Corporation pay him an annual rent of 4s. Cd.

EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY. 303

This yeare and about this tyme the estates of Flanders cam
into England to the queenes maiesty to intreate hir asystanco
against the Spanyards and had answere to theire contentac'on
and thosse whyehe wolld go wyllingly had lycence to goo and
there wennt owt of Shreusbery 20 pson' after the capte'
messenger had made there p'clamac'on and toocke their p'est
moneye.

Thys yeare and about this tyme God sennt a strandge
sycknes in Shreusbery mutchc lycke the plage but was not the
plage it wolld tacke them in the headd and hartt wtb a laxe
eyther upwardc or downwarde and those \vch should dye were
trobblyd wth a cramp in their leg^s soon havinge stytches in
theire syde that were of eontynewance and the most part of
them escapid throughe good tendinge but manye dyed sodenly
in a man' soom weli overnyght and dead before morninge
soom ij houres soom in one hour som in more soom in lesse
and it fell in ev'y p't of the townc the lycke bathe not been
seene it towchid pore and rychc it was properly termyd stowp
gallants broother.

This yeare and the 12 daye Julii beingc moondaye by the
reasoon of a thounderc bollt and lyghteninge there was an
ocke ryvyd a soonder and fyeryd by Yockynttons townes ennde
iiij myles from Shreusbery & mntche hurt doon in other places.

This yeare and the xxvtlt. daye of Julii 1585 the Juggis of
assyso cam into Shreusbery and the ShyrryfTe whose name
was master Earkar1 whoe keapt hys howse at Mr. Mychaell
Chambers in Salop all the tyme of hys aboade, and the same
vcrey nyght after theire cominge fell sutche extreme tempeast
of lyghteninge thoondering and raync contynually untill v. of
the clocke in the mor'ing as thoughe hove' and earthe shoulld
goe togeathcr the lycke for the tyme hathe not ben hard
throughe wch many hunts were doon wch especially to name
were soomwhat tedious but to be breeffe <fe generall there
was no shyre cleare but eyther howses burnt, cornc in
tlie fyllds spoylyd, men & weeme' slaync, ocks and trccsse
torne & overthrownc many cattell spyllt of all kynds.

This yeare the upper part of (he horscfayre next adioyninge
to the crossc stone wall in Franekvill Avhcre the sawe pytt was
usually made was begoon to be pavyd for clenly koepinge of
the sayd horsse fayre & for cleane ke[)ingc of the sayd place

1 Rowland Barker, of Haghmond, grandson of John Barker and
Elizabethj sister & eoh. of Sir Rowland Hill, Kilt. Anns : gu a fesse
coniponce or & m between G annulets of the second. — Blakeway's
Sherds,

VOL. Ill AN

304 EAtlLY CHttONICLES OF SHREWSBURY.

beingc pavyd especiall from doonge and other offalls usually
layde there and pesterid wth tymber to the noyance of the
inhabytance especyall and all other strangers and passingers
in gcnerall.

This yeare and the 17 dayo of August master John Hosiar
of Woodcot by Slirosbcrie beinge one of the counsell of the
towne and beinge soomwhat agid and hevye gave ov' his office
by liys letter sennt to the baylyffs wch was redd to the comons
assemblyd the same daye in the boothe hall recpiestinge them
to choose a nothcr in his place and the next daye after the
reast of the counsell dyd chuse Mr. Mychaell Chambers in his
place and sware hym cownsolor.

This yeare the soinm' and harviest tyme was so unseason-
able that husband meen could not get in their corne but
mutche of it was layd Hat to the grownde, and so by meanes
spirtid, and wire' the reast that stood upp beingc ripe wasrept,
yet by the reason of contynuall shures was mutche spirtid, and
in hast bowsed scannt seasonid by wch unseasonablenes Rye
that was befforc harvist at 15 & 1/Gcl the bushell cam to
ijs 4c£ the bushell and all othern grayne in lycke order and
rate and so lycke to coom derer.

1585-G Rychard Owen k> Rychard Dawys Baylyffs.

This yeare was chosen common sargiant Wyllyam Jenckes
draper and the other two sargiants were Edward Lloyd
shoomaker and Rychard Hortoon fietcher.

It is further to be notyd that the above namyd Rychard
Dawys baylyffe was soon of Mr. John Dawys the last yeare
before, the lycke lot t and fortu' in elect'on was not scene of
any mans meoiorye that the father to be chosen one yeare
and the soonn the next yeare after.

This yeare and the 13 of November about 7 of the clocke at
nyght dyd fall sutche extreeme tempest of wyndo and rayne
for the space of one how re and a half© that did mutche harme
abroade for the tyme.

This yeare and about the beginningo of December in the
inakynge of a sawe pytt in the horeseiayre in Franckwill in
the towne of Shrcusbery for t o sawe tymber for the use of John
Hyggyns baker was foonde the head and bones of a man the
woh had ben buryed there tyme owt of mynde and the same
hedd so taken upp apcryd a rownde hole in the same iudgid
to be made wth soom pyke of pollaxe or bill and so prively
murtherid and there buriced in the saundes as it was not
unlycke wch remaynid a s|)ace for to be scene.

This yeare and the G daye of December beingo Moondayc
15S5 thero cam to Shreusberve GOO souldiaivs owt of Wales to

EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY.

305

passe into Flanders \vch were mustericl by their captens the
next daye followingc.in the corne market there owt of the wch
weave chosse' tall and able men 400, who dep'tid on Wensdaye
towards London upon their iurneye.

This yeare and almost all the moonthe of Februaiye the
weather was so extrccme and frostye that husbandmen could
not in no good tymc plowe theire grownde for rye.

This yeare and the 7 daye of Marche one John Broommall
beinge a glov' dwellinge in Franevill being one of the subu'bs
of the towne of Shreusberie wth his twoe men namyd Edward
and Gilbart going upp the water for gorst faggotts weare all
three drownid comminge downe wth the same: Brommalld
hym sellffe foounde dead hanginge uppon the baneke; Edward
his man foound wthin 3 or 4 days after and Gilbart his other
man was foounde a bout a moonthe after at Rockcetter about
8 myles of by water, a verey pytifull ease and a hard fortune,
wee have exsamples dayely to fore God & to serve hym howrly.

This yeare all this sayd moonthe of Marche was verey weete
weather whiche causid corne to be at a great price to say Rye
at xiiij grotes and yf the baylyffs of Salop and other maicstrats
of good townes had not stayed the passadge by water it had
been mutche dcarar.

This yeare there was great dcathe of sheep in most placs in
England and where most numbers and floxe were dyed grete
nu'bers.

Tliis yeare and the 12 of Aprill beinge Tuesdaye about 3
and 4 of the clocke in the morninge there was a sore fyer at
master Richard Myttoons place in the corne market whichc
burhid a newe house lately erectyd the' wth a fayre kyll to
macke maltc wch liouse was storid wth malt of Rychard Bettoon
drap' whoo made the same beinge therin above a in. bushell
burnt smootherid and spoylyd the cause of the fyer was this
the sayd kill was put to use and fyer therin over night and so
laft all night and no body in the sayd house beinge a store
house and in the morni'g a stranger cominge to townc espyeed
a greate flame assennd and crieed as he went to the inhaby-
tants & so by greate hclpe deftendid the howscs next
adioyninge yet not ended wthowt great losse.

This yeare and the 5 daye of Mayo beinge Thursdaye
dep'tid this present Iyffe Sir Henry Sydney beinge Lordo
President of the Marches of Wales in the cyty of AVoorcestcr
who was one of the pryvcy counsell beinge a valiant knight
and a woorthy and one of the knights of the most, noble order
of the garter, his hart was sennt to be hurried at Ludlowe
where his most aboade was, his bodie was not rcinoovid from

306

EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY.

Woorcester until the xvth tlayc of J unc and that daye karieed
in soleraprwyse from thence towards Kcnnt to be there burieed
acordinglye.

This yeare and the 14th daye of June 1586 a newe Charter
wythe serte' Articles grauntid by yc Queenes Mu unto the
towno of Shrousberio the xxth daye of Aprell last past and
openly redd in the guylde hall the said 14 daye of June of
the wch articles I have put downe the principalis and have
leaft owt the others for brevitie sacke (videlicet) Imp'mis the
parishe of the Crosse and St. Giles wth Mirivall to be ac-
compted a suburb of the towne of Salop and to be p'sell of the
Stoaneward and the baylyffs of the towne of Salop to have the
order gouernme't and liberties and other things in the foriate
and Myrivall and they to be also contributars to all scasme'ts
and obedient to the baylyffs and all others officers of the
sa}''de towne as in other places of the towne. The court of
conscience to be ev'v Thursday fortnight the baylyffs to ap-
poynt place and to be bulges p'vidid that the cause be under
40s neither for no title of launde and the same court to ex-
tennde throughe all the fraunches. The court of recorde to be
holden by the baylyves ev'y Tuesdayc and to trie and deter -
myne all causes of p'sonail act'ons, the p'ties to sue a writt
owt of the Chancerie and so to trie his cause by writ of
assyzes in as ample man' as any shire in England, the baylyffs
at theirc pleasures to take suertics of the p'ties and the writ
so directid owt of the Chauncerie to commawnde the p'tie or
p'ties to be before master baylyffs or one of them and the
deputic of theoder wth a note of the daye tyme and place and
yf there be any cause hard before Mr. Baylyves at the said
court of record uppon tlie Teusdaye and as that day cannot be
determinid that the same to be hard and endid on AVensday
in as ample man' as yf the same had been doon on Teusdaye.
And where there is no we 9 Atorneies after the avoidance of
three of them to be but vj at one tyme never hereafter, the
baylyffs to chuse the atorneies and master baylyffs to sennde
for at theirc pleasures the towne clarke and attorneys to aske
theirc advise. That no inhabiter wthin the towne and libertie
doe owe any apparance at any other court of record or at any
asisscs. The baylyves of the towne to take fyne and recouery
and to approve wills and testame'ts at any tyme wthin two
yeares after the decease of the p'tie so decessid. The baylyffs
have power to tacke stat ute marchant and the statute of Actoon
Burnell in as lardge man' as in any cytic in England and the
towne clarcke to recorde (he same. That no shyrreffe under-
sherref slierreffs clarcke baylyfe of the hundred nor no other

EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY. 307

licke p'son serve any p'cesse precept or warrant wthin the
towne and liberties of the same but onely the baylyffs and
other officers so y* the baylyrTs and theire officers be not
necklygent but doe theire dueties in servinge the same. That
no inhabiter paye no seassme't subsedie &c, in any place out
of the liberties. The castell of the towne of Salop is gyven to
the towne for ev' wth all the p'il'ctts therto belonginge payinge
yearely at twoe termes in the yeare to the crowne xiijs. 4d.
Further also the towne hathe libertie to purchesse laundes not
extendinge 100^ by the yeare not beinge holden by knights
serveis to maynetayne a preacher or otherwyse at theire
pleasure and the same never to be reconnyd as consealid
launds. That no officer enformcr &c have to doe in any
matter or cause wthin the sayd towne or liberties uppon payne
of xxli p'vided that the baylyrTs be not necklige't but foresee
all sutche things as they shulld doe &c wth many other liberall
articles and as lardge freedoomes as any cytie in England
hathe to the comfortable securitie of the inhabitannts who are
dayly bounde to pray for the longe lyrfe and p'sperous rainge
of hir Mties most gracious p'son Amen.

This yeare in the moonthes of June and Julii corne grewe
to be verey deare in most places in Englaund and especially in
the weast and northe countreis and namely in the towne of
Salop wheate was at 8.5. Sd. the bushell and rye at vjs. the
bushell so that the queenes maiestie eausyd in all places wthin
the realme that the iusteces in ev'y p'syncke should cause
corne masters to bringe theire corne to marketts that hyr poore
subiects shoull not waunt for theire money.

This yeare and in this moonthe of Julii all kynde of corne
was at an excessyve price in the towne of Shrewsbcry to save
Rye at 88. the bushell wheate at ixs. and barly at 4s. Gd. and
upwards but the carefull zeale of master James Barker in
consciderac'on of the poore mhabytants brought from forren
places one hundred strycke of live and sclld the same in yc
market to the poore after the rate of vs. the bushell and so
brought down the price, as also further the baylyrTs Aldermen
comme' counsell of the towne and others of the towne have
p'vidid store to ease the suspect id want that were licke to
ensue the Lord blesse them for theire mercyfull care and
sennd plentie Amen.

This yeare and the 8 dayc of Scptc'ber beinge Thursdaye
the scollars of the free scoolc in Shreusberie made a trtumpho
in warlicke man' in a fceld there callyd behind the Wales
against the popes army and other rebel Ls whom they triom-
phantly vanquished to the greate reioysinge of the beholders

308 EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY.

departing© from the filld throughe the towne victoriously
towards the castell there beinge over the towne where they
wth soownde of trompet dromme and shoutes sownded owt
theire victory wtb greate fyers made and thanckfull psalmes
most joyfully soonge to God in the comfortable hearinge of all
the towne wth ioyfull and harty th ancksgyuinge.

This yeare and the 28 day of September beinge Mi'helmas
even throughe the extreeme tempests of wynde and rayne
longe tyme before the Severne water passinge by Shreusberie
did arise soddenly in the night unlookid or greatly suspected
of sutche a liudge height that the lyeke was nev' seene of
raine water of any man's memorie lyvinge wch did mutch e
hurt in howses barnes and stables not only in the sayd towne
but also in other places and especially to be notid a whole
myxen cam downe the water wheron were dyv's swyne walk-
inge upp and downe the sayd mixo' upon Mi'helmas daye and
so passinge more the' a mvle to the miraculous sight of the
people and at leangthe who' the sayd mixe' brake a soonder
the swyne were drownid before they were savid.

158G-7 Thomas Sherar and David Lloydc BaylyfTs.

This yeare wero chosen commyn sergiant George Benyon
and the other twoo sargiants were John Smythe Shoomaker
and Ry chard Hardinge sherma3.

This yeare and the beginninge of these baylyfTs tymes were
chossen burgesis of the p'lime't for the towne of Shreusbery
Mr. Thomas Harrys lawiar and master Charles1 Scryven.
gentill.

This yeare and the 10 daye of November 1586 one Goodales
howsc at Cottoon hill by Shreusberie was burnt wth his back-
side whiche cam throughe the mischance and ncckligence of
the wyfe of the house, after shee had boucked serten clothes
Jafte the tier in one ende of the chymney and so throughe a
broken hole caught amongist fearne and other light fuell in
sutche sort that the tier cam owt of the house topp beinge
thatched before shee was warr therof beinge washinge at the
watersyde but a lytill of and yf great hclpe had not coom owt
of the towne and the soodden turninge of the Wynde wthall
the neyghboors howses and barnes there about had been
cleane burnt also, wch were by Gods goodness and theire
dilligent helps savid.

Tli is yeare and the 2i day of November departid this
present ly lib master Rychard Purcell of Salop alderma' beinge
a woorthie gentill' ol a lovingo and gentill nature being a

1 0. & B, say Reginald,

EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY. 309

liberall relccv1' of the poore and at all tynies the poore man's
frinde and the next daye followinge the baylyffs and the counsell
of the towne mett and elected ij aldermen, one in the place of
Mr. Sturrie who gave ov' his clocke beinge alderma' and
another in the place of master Purcell, whose names were Mr.
Richard Owen the elder and master Thomas Chorlt'n beinge
before counsellors and in their places electid master Ry chard
Dawes drap' and master John Davies gentilF in the electon of
whom dyd aryse greate grudge.

This yeare and about the 4 daye of December cam strange
newes to Shreusbery from Calabria upon the sight of a starr
there scene for the yeares followinge to say for the yeare 87
then when the moon ys in the watery sings the world ys lyck
to be in grete danger the soon shall be couerid wth a dragon,
and thereby in danger this yeare of many accidences as for
brevitie sacke I omyt onely puttinge downe these breefe verses
conserning those troblesoom yeares and tymes p'nuncicatid as
ensuethe

He wcb had no mischance in A0 85
and in A0 86 clothe remayne alyve
Hee beingo in A0 87 unhurt & mislay ne
and in A0 88 alyve dothe rename
And lyvinge imtill the yeare 89
he may then specke of a ioyfull tyme.

This yeare and the 8 daye of December 158G beinge betwixt
5 and 6 of the clocke in the morninge cam soddenly from the
south west sutche an extreeme and ferefull storme wth
thoonder and lighteninge that shakid for the tyme bowses and
soom ov' thro wen wdl ov'threwe a wyndmili by Cardoogas
Crosse by Shrosbery wth overthrowinge of teynters and other
harme doone the Lorde stave his wrathefull haund from us and
gyve us all grace to amend.

This yeare and the 17 day of December the Sherefte
p'claymid in Salop the qiteene of Scotts traitor beinge triced
by examiac'on to be in confederacy wth the formar conspirators
as Babingtoon and his associates for conspiringe hir maiesties
deathe who weare exeeutid, and the sayd traitor the Scottish
qucene bathe iudgme't to dye and for ioye therof the baylyffs
and aldermen caused bony tiers and bell ringins wth asscmblinge
them selves in theirc beast, a rave in banquetinge and reioysing
the same pray singe Cod wth triumph and sownde of trumpet.

This yeare a bout the hegyninge of February to say at night
the moone passul wth a greate syrcle about hir contynewinge
still v/th the same syrcle slice shininge bright throughe the
same where as at all other tymes before the clouds in passingc
over the same wold obscure.

310

EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY.

This yeare Henry Earle of Pembrooke was creatyd Lord
President of the Marches of Wales in the place of his father in
la we Sir Henry Sydney e late disseasyd who was a valiaunt
and a woorthy knyght.

This yeare and these baylyffs tymes in the moonthe of
Aprell Sir Thomas Bromley1 beinge Lord Chaunscllor of
England dysceassyd who was a greate frynde and a pryncypall
iuell to Shropshyre who contynued in the sayd office but 8
yeares iust for he was creatyd in Ap'll 1579 & dep'tyd in
Aprell 1587.

This yeare the Earle of Pembrooke and lorde President of
the Marches of Wales cam into Shreusberie the 26 daye of
Aprell and the 27 day following, musterid in Styrrys Close'2 all
the countrey bothe of horseme' and footemen and the 28 day
of Ap'll his honor mustcrid the townes men bothe of horsemen
and footemen and the 29 daye of Ap'll dep'tyd and before his
dep'ture his honor dyd tacke order for the agreement of the
Aldermen and counsellors of the saide towne of Shreusberie
amongst whom was great e controv'sie and mutche money
speant and beinge so agreid they displacid serten Aldermen
and eounsellars that were not inhabitants wthin the said towne
and placyd others in theire" rowmes that were continuall
resiants accordinge to their booke upon wch agrem'et for ioye
therof there was bothe bancketinofe and miginge of bells to the
greate rcioysmge ol t he commons.

This yeare and the third of May Sir Christopher Hatton3
was creatid Lord Chancellor of England.

This yeare and aboute this tyme the christening font in
Sainct Chades churche was take' downe beinge of stone &
broken & another of wood placid unto the quier.

This yeare and the 12th of May in the after noone one
Margaret Recce the wyfle of Humfrey Recce of Salop baker
willfully drownid hirsellle in takinge two of hir childre' wth hir
myndinge to drownde them also and dyd cast them in the
water before hir and shoe leappingc after uppon them but as
God wold have it a neighbor beinge not far of hcringe the
children crie before they were cast in the water & seinge the
myschance stippid soddenly into the water up to hir breasts

1 His superb monument with effigies is on the north side of the
Chancel of Wroxeter Church,

2 Now called Belmont.

3 The Hatton family inhabited a large black-and-white timb- Louse
near Lord Hill's Column in the Abbey Forcgatc, l<v-o mice taken
down*

EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY.

311

and wth mutche a doe savid the children but the mo-other of
them was drownid, a pytyfull hearinge the Lorde have mercy
upon us and guydc us wth his grace amen.

This yeare and in the moonthe of Julii a strange sickness
namyd the burninge Agewe raignid all England ov' and
especially at this tyme in the towne of Shreusberie of the wch
tliere discessid at the begynninge many of the woorthiest
occupiars and p'perist p'soonns leavinge greate chardge of
childre' behynde them.

This yeare was in England a very quicke and tymely harvest
for before bartlomewe day the most part of eorne was karieed
into barncs the wch tymelye harvist and the aboondant plenty
thcrof causid wheate and rye beinge before harvist in the
towne of Shreusberie at iis and ixs the bushell to fall to 3s Sd
and iijs the bushell and under wcL God be praysesid was a
coomfortable hearinge.

This yeare and in the moonthe of September to say the iiij//^
daye the greate assise was kept in Shreusberie wch was woont
to be kept in the moonthe of Augoost but becausse of the
syckenes did rainge abroade in all p'tes it was put of untill the
coldnes of the yeare as aforcsayde Mr. Needam1 beinge head
Shirreff who cam in wth a goodly travne.

1587-8 Geordge Hyggyns & Wyllyam Joanes Baylyffs.

This yeare was chosen common sergiant Hughe Benyon, and
the other two sergiants were Kychard Harrys and Ellys Keffyn
draper.

This yeare and the last daye of November beinge Sainct
Andrews day in the night the prison's of the castell gate in
Shreusberie to say of the Shirefts chardge brak out of prison
of the wch twoe of them cscapid the roast were p'ventid, they
had found the means to ease them selves of their irons and
they had not been espieed t hey had escapid all and had put
the gcyler to greate trobble.

This yeare and the xxiijM daye of December beinge Satur-
day Severn water did rvse at Shreusberie by the reasoon of
greate rainc in Wales of sutchc great height that it cam in
many of the houses in Franckvill beinge the west suburbs of
the same towne and contynewed untill the xxvtk daye to say
Christmas day in wch tyine the inhabitans there were fayne to
assende up to their chambers and sustaynyd greate losse
thereby, also tlie sayd water to say tlie sayde Severn did rise

1 Blakcway gives Francis Newport of High Eivall, afterwards Sir
Francis as sheriff in 1580. Tliere are two views of High Ercall
Castle in Mrs. IS. Acton's Garrt$<>n$} p. 11,

Vol. hi AO

312 EARLY CHRONICLES OP SHREWSBURY.

agayne the xxixth claye beinge Frydaye at night but not so
-higho as the first water by halfe a yarde plombe, wch vanished
away soon' wthout greate harme, so that in one weeke, the
sayde Severn water bathe not been scene to rysc so sooddenly
togeathcr beinge no great weather to force the- saaae neyther
no snowe in Wales wch uppon sooden thawe hatha causid
greate floods to coom.

This yeare and the ixth daye of January beinge Tuesday at
night one Jane Kyton a mayde servant of Jueks wyffe of
Franckvill tanner dyd wylfully drowne hir sellffe.

This yeare and the 20 daye of Januaric 1587 the christeninge
foant in Sainct Cliadds church e in Shreusberie was placid
againe in stone in his olde and usual! place in the enteringc in of
the churche for that the most parte of the parishon's did grudge
against the remoovinge of the same to the quier or chancell.

This yeare and in the moon the of Februarie there was a
p'clamac'on eonserninge the inordinate wearinge of apparell
and an order of all estates what should be worne and usid and
penalties p'sc'ibid for the offenders for not obser'inge the same.

The yeare and the xxjf/i of Marche beinge Thursday the
iudges of assises cam to Shreusberie brought in by the
Shyrrcffe Mr. Edward Lcighton esquicr who had a woorthic
company of men and well horsed the sysses continued from
Thursday untill Saturday night unto the wch cam sutcho a
boundans of people that the lyeke hathe not been scene by the
reasoon of the apparance owt ot" Wales Sr. Edward Harbert
knight beinge playntyfe and John Owen Vaghan esquire and
Howell Yaglia' detiendants whoe had matters the' and there to
bee triced.

This yeare and the xxxth daye of Marche beinge Moondayc
and in the after noone of the same daye the prisoners were
executed at the Olde Heathe amongst whom one Rychard
Illedge beinge a towne prisoner and a towne borne childc was
by the request of the sayde prysoner committed from the
baylyffs to be tried befor the iudges of the sayde assises whoe
made sutche a godly ennde that it gretly comforted the
audience who were innumerable for the lycke company in that
place bathe not ben scene.

This yeare and the xi\)th daye of July was published in the
towne of Shreusberie a p'clamac'on from the Queenes maiestie
beringe date at Grenwiche the first of July of and conscerninge
a malicious and detestable Hull or libel 1 publishced and sett
furtho of late by Sextus the fifte nowe Tope of Roomc against
hir maiestie and hir most gracious ami peaceable government
Wth other trayterous libells boocks and pampletts lately also

EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY.

313

contrivid written and printed by dy'vs sedicions and traytorous
pcrsonns goinge a bo.utc wth most false and abhominable lyes
to sclaimder and dishonor hir maiestie whom God longe pre-
serve and confonndc all hir enimies Amen.

This yeare and the IS day of Julye the indges of the assise
cam into Shreusbery at xj of the clocke before noone accom-
panied wth the ShyrrefYe beinge master Edward Leightoon and
the woorshipfnll of the shire and theire traynes in worshipfull
man'er, there was but smale apparance and fewe matters to
fynishe, for that they enndid all the 20 daye beinge Satturnday
in the foore noone of the same daye.

And it is to be notid that the xixtJt daye beinge Friday and
in the midds of the assise one Richard Reynolids of Bagcley
by Cockeshoot in the countie of Salop yoman was put uppon
the pillorie in Shreusbery by the appointment of the privey
counsell and had bothc his cares cutt of by Richard Stubbs
then apointcd by the baylit'fs of the towne execueion', his
offence was this he wickidly burnid a shipp coate of one
Hanmer his brother in lawe wherin were nyne score sheepe
and a geldinge and serten goates wcb were all burnid savinge a
fewe sheepe whiche escapid but yeatt the wolls of them singid
to the skynn.

This yeare and the 10 daye of September beinge Tuesdaye
and two dayes after the festivall daye of the coronac'on of the
Queenes maiestie and the sayde daye fallinge uppon S
Elizabethes daye was a solempn daye in Shrousberio and all
people that daye kcapt it holly unto the Lorde that had gyve'
hir m1ie sutche victorie and blessid ov' thro we of the Spanishe
power and hudge navy of hir enimies to the greate rcioisingo
of all England. God be praysid Anie'

1588-9 John Pearche Nicholas Gybbons Baylyffs.

This yeare were chosen scrgiaunts Phellip Wildinge common
sergiaunt and the two other scrgiaunts were William Barnes
and Robart Smithe the yonger all three free wth the Shoo-
makers and it is to be notid that before the sayd Rob't Smithe
was swoorne officer to Mr. Baylyf Pearche there weare alligae'on'
put in against hym because he wore master Luson's liverey and
ought not to be weringe any gcntilma's lyverey for aiiect'on
sacke acordinge to the boocke so he was put of for a tyme and
the skanninge thereof put to lemid men but at the lengthe he
was Rd and sworne.

This yeare and the 1!) daye of October beinge Saturday were
elect id m theGuylde hall in Salop two burgises of the p'limcnt
lb]- the sayde towne to say Mr. lleynolde Skryven and master
Andrew New}»ort to deale for ye towne.

314 EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHRE^YSBURY.

This yearc and the uijth daye of November there were serin t
owt of Shropshire towtls Ireland 100 souldiars after the vewe
taken of them in Shreusberie of Mr. Edward Leighton beinge
ShirifTe of the sayde shire to assist the countrey there con-
serninge a serte' number of Spaniards wch beinge wynde
dreeven uppon the north e cost of Irelaunde and there beinge
forsyd to laundc incampinge them selves but the saide men
wennt no further then Cheastcr but returnid whom agayne for
there cam certificate from Irelaund that they were soone
vanquished and fleed awaye.

There is to be remembrid the unseasonableness of the
weather tins yearc to save from Maye daye to the myds of
November there hatlie been sutehe foule weather that mutche
hey in the harvist and after was lost and especially in lowc
countres beinge rottoon and karried away withe waters and
mutche cornc tacken in not well seasonid and weare fayne for
the most p't to kepc their rie grownd for barly whiche causid
all grayne somwhat to rise in price, to say, whete a bove 5s.
the bushell and rye at 3s. the least.

This yearc and the 7th daye of November beinge Thursdayc
and the countie daye were chosen in the castill of Shreusberie
by the body of the shire 2 knights of the parlime't whiche were
to sayc Sir Water Lusoon and master Richard Lusoon his
soonn and hcire.

This ycare and the 7th daye of Januarii 15S8 beinge the
quarter sessions for the Shire usually kcapt in Shreusberie the
Tuesday after xij//t daye there had licke to have been greate
hurt doon throughe the blowinge of a troompctt by master
Frances Newpards troompetar over against master David
Lloyds howse in whose howse was one master Owen Vaugha'
& his mcen beinge a stout e gentil' betweene whom was an
ollde grudge, the wdl troompetoor beinge foundc faullt wthall
drewe out his swoorde to stricke at the p'tie and therupon
theoder hys fellows drewe and the baylifies beinge in the hail
cam amongist them to kcepe peace were not rcgardid uppon
the same the common bell was ronge the' the townes men
assisted the baylyfis and the' they were forcid to put upp their
weapons wth halfe a doss'n broke' pates and all this bmilc the
sayd Mr. Owen Yagha' and all his men kcapt the howse and
by counsell starred not. wch yf he and his men had coom
furthe there had been a bloddie daye but God be thanckid it
was for that tyme pacilieetl.

This veare and the :12 of Januarii beinge Wensday and in
the night tho prissoriers of the castcll geolc in Shreusberie
foonde meanes to unfasten their bolltes and lynches and were

EMILY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY. 315

at libcrtic in the prison who had pullyd downe sertene stone
of the wall towards the scoole house to have gott'n owt but
coulde not passe by reason the ycarthe that way was far above
the breache the wch yf they had made it on the other syde
wch they durst not for awakinge the ge}rlor and other people
they had gon furthe so at the last wth their bustelingc & noise
the gcylors men callid upp the geilor who p'scivinge the' to
have the boltes in their hands to brayne the' wch had first com
in wennt to the baylytfs for assistance who sennt thider certe'
men wecponid and so forsyd them all to ycalde to peace and
were all putto shurer bolide and so keapt till the nexe greato
assise.

This yeare in the moonthe of Maye and June was soom con-
trav'sie in the towne of Salop about the scttinge upp of maye
poales and bonyfiers mackinge, and erection of tresse before
the Shearmans haule and ot her places the wch one Mr. Tomkys1
publicke prechar there did preche against and the saide p'char
beinge presennt at the perswadinge reformac'on was there
thretenid and pushid at by certe' lewdc p'soonns but in the
ennde it was reforrnid by the baylytfs.

This yeare and about this tyme the bishopps ordinarie cam
to Shreusburie to se reformac'on in churches of soondrie faults
contrarie to the queenes mSa inionct'ns who gave commandme't
amongst other matt' that the ministers in saingc of devine
serveis shulld were their surpluces acording to the queenes
inioonct's but whe' lie departid the most part of them did not
observe the same but do staunde to the danger of the lawe &
extremitic therof.

This yeare and at the ennde of harvist Rye provid very
light and thyn in most places of Englaund and they whiche
sowed rie at the fyrst were fayne to sowe barly agaync m the
same place, so that barly was execedinge good and plenti-
full and at 2s, (kl. 2s. 4td. and at 2s. the bushell, whiche causid
rie to keepe at iiijs. the bushell because the people put mutehc
barly wth rie to macke breadd yee and many made bredd of
cleane barly and good bredd too, for barly was so fayre and so
plentifull this yeare whiche yf it had chauncid otherwyssc rye
had benn at an unreasonable price at the least at vijs. or viijs.
the bushell, and by that helpe wheate at vs.

This yeare and the seconndo day of October beinge Thurs-
day and the daye before the ellect'n of the bayliffs of the towne
of Salop there was assembly of the commons at the guldhall

1 Hey, John Tomkys, ^r.A., minister of St. Mary's. " 1592 June 24
Mr. John Tomkis, public jPreaehcr buried." — S(. Mary's Register.

316 EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY.

there to hearc and conscnnt to the mackynge of frecme' , and
amongst other matt' this one is especially to be notcdd that
Mr. John Okell geiltyl' and one of the counsell of the towne
and as it may appecre hathe borne the office of the towne,
did 2">romes ope'ly the same day before all the assembly that yf
he may be sparid from the office of baylywicke as longe as he
lyvid at his deathc he wolde free the stone gate for painge any
toll for ev' and purchase somutche launds to furnyshe the
same to the whiche the commons & all agreid unto so the same
ys put downe and confirmyd, whiche woorthie act is and Avillc
not only a perpetuall commendac'on to hym but a further
p'vocacon to others to sturre the' to be myndefull of well
doinge towards the p'ffet of yc towne.

This yeare and on the elect'on daye were pullid owt of the
bagge by the baylyffes Richard Chirwell and Mr. Edward Owen
wTho callyd the 25 p'soonns, to make the baylyffs and other
officers the wch 25 p'soons went into the elect'on house at 3 of
the clocke in the after noone and cam not owt before 7 of the
clocke on Saterday at night the only staye was for that they
coulld not agree uppon the common ser^iaunts.

1589-90 Thomas Lewys & John Davies Baylyffes.

This yeare was chosen common sergiant William Jenckes
and the other two sergiants were Robart Ball and Richard
Harris taylor.

This yeare and aboute the myds of October was take' a
monsterous fyshe call id a Sturgion at the next weare benethe
Bridgnorthe she was a bout a yarde broade in the backe and
3 yards in lengthe whiche was sennt to the counsell for a
presennt.

This yeare and the 29 daye of October A0 1589 one Sir
Rychard Shatelworth1 wth the Ladie his wyfe cam to Shreus-
berie, beinge Justes electyd for the counsell in the Marches of
Wales who were woorthely rd and an orac'on made unto hym
before my Lords Place and so brought to master Sherar's
howse where he purposethc to remayne.

This yeare and the xxth daye of January Syvern water at
Shreusbery did rise a bove a footc height in soom of the in-
habitants bowses in Francvill beinge the west suburbes of the
sayde towne of wch was unlookyd for of all the inhabitants
whiche did contynewe but a short space to say wennt downe
againe the next daye at night.

1 Son of Hugh Shuttle worth, Esq., of Gawthorp, co. Lancaster,
chief justice of Chester died 1599, s, p.

EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY.

317

This yeare raid in the moonthe of February there went owt
of this towne and shire a hundreed sowldiars toward Ireland
to keepe and defennde the garrisons there who tocke ship-
pinge at Bristowe.

This yeare and the 27 day of Marche 1590 beinge Fryday
was a man and a woornan1 executid at Knockin Heathe
beyond Nesclyf in Wales beinge in the county of Salop for
murtheringe a childe of the adge of 5 yeares to say for his
laundes being an heir of vli a yeare or thereabouts whiche
fell after the sayd childes dethe yf he had dieed wthout issue
to his uncles beinge three of them wch uncles p'curid and
imagenid the deathe of the saide childe ev' sence his byrthe
the three uncles were executid at Bridgnorthe sysses beinge
holde' the xixtA of Marche last one of his uncles was pressid
to deathe there and the other two hangid there at Bridnorthe
also, from whence the saide wooma' beinge grand moother to
the chillde and the sayd man whose name was Geffere}r Elkes
beinge hiridto doe the deede cam to be executid in the saide
heathe where the deede was the wooma' beinge hangid there
was cutt downe and burieedd and the saide Elks hangithe in
chaynes for a memoriall and an exsample to others. At his
deathe the sayde Elks confessid that he did not the deede but
brought a payle of water to the heathe and leaft his uncle
that was pressid to deathe to doe the deede, and before the
deede was doon and after two Ravins usually wold meete
hym the saide Elks wolld followe hym and krye a bout hym
and whe' he escapid and hidd hym selfe the saide Bavins did
crie and flyed about the place and discried hym owt and so
was founn'de in a eoeke of liey by their meanes, wch the sayd
verely was the iust iudgme't of God. so he warnid all people
present (beinge there of all p'ts an infinite number) to tacke
heed of pryvey murther for the fowles of the aire will discrie
them, as it well p'vyd by hym selltie.

This yeare and the 17th daye of Aprill there went a hundred
souldiars owt of Salop and the shire who went towards Ireland
and toocke shippinge at Qheasteiv

This yeare and the 4///, of Maii there was a yonge scollar
beinge about xij or throthene yeares owld beinge burdid at
master llamons in Salop hangid hym selllie in the chamber
where lie did lye beinge a Walshe boye whose name was Beece
ap John beinge an idle boy & hat id the seoole.

This yeare and the 2(1 daye of Mayo one Reynold Powell
carpenter was murtherid in Salop in placinge a peece of

1 Sec Gough's Hist, of Middlt fed. 1875), p. 71 add 72.

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tymber at the repayringe of a housse a lyttel bcnethe the
gullet ap'tainingc to master Richard Owe' senior drap\

This yeare and the 19th daye of June one John Broome the
soon of Thomas Broome of Mynsterley comming to the towne
wth a loade of poales was sooddenly murtlierid by the over
waltinge of hys wayne wthin a myle of the towne of Salop.

This yeare and the 5th of Julii a man of Thomas Joanes of
Salop, shoomaker eallid Hughe Morris a Walsh o boye was
drownid under on of the arches of the Walshe bridge in Salop
the same daye after eveninge prayer beinge a Sonday in bath-
inge of hym sellffe.

This yeare and the vijth of Julii one John Lewis a prenteise
of Richard Fallows of Salop shevman was soodenly take' ami
foounde dead yet comminge to hym sellfe in tyme was p'tley
recoverid yet remaynethe speecheless and verey sicke and
weacke.

This yeare and the xxiiijf/i day of July there was a scaffold
put up in the cornem'kt in Salop upon the wch an Hongaria'
and other of the queenes rnts players and tumblars usid and
excersiskl them selves in sutche man' of tumbiynge and
turninge as the' the licke was never seene in Shrewsberie
before that is to saye in this maner they wold turne them
selves twise bothe backward and forwarde wthout towchinge
any grownde in ligh tinge or fallinge upon theire feete som of
them also wold apeare in a bagge upright in the same beinge
tieed fast at the mowthe above his head and wold beinge m
the sayde bagge turne bothe foreward and backward wthout
towchinge any grownde in falling upright uppon his feete in
the sayde bagge marvelous to the beholders. Also a lit ill
from the sayde stadge there was a gable roape tighted and
drawen strayte uppon poales erectid against master Purser's
place in the sayde corne market upon the wch roape the sayde
Hongaria' did assende and goe uppon wthhis bare feete hayinge
a longe poole in his h amides over his headd and wold fall
stridlongs uppon the sayd roape and mowntinge up againe
upon the same wth hys feete verey myraculous to the beholders
at soondrie tymes and in soundriL- man's. Also uppon the topp
of the same roape goinge streight from bothe the sloapes he
went to & fro the same in daunsinge and turninge hym sellffe
wth holdinge still his saide poale wcL waved above xxxviij/i
weight and also he put on two broade shues of copper upon
liys feete not towelling the' wth hys hands and went upright
upon the saide roape never swarvinge on no syde in woonder-
ful manor and after he had put downe the poale he shewyd
woonderfull feates and knacks in fallinge his head and hands

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downewards and hangid at the roape by his feete and assendid
up agayne and after, that hangid by his handes and all his
featc & body downewards and tumid his body backward &
forward betwixt his hands & the rope as nymbell as yf it had
been an eele in sutche woonderfull manor that the licke Avas
nev' scene of the inhabit ants there before that tyme.

This ycarc and the xiijth daye of August beinge Thursday
A° Dm'" 1590 the Judgs of the greate assise cam to Salop and
keapt there the assises for the space of o daies and so thesayde
iudgis dep'tcd againe uppon Soonday followinge and uppon
Moonday after in the forenoone sutche prison's as were con-
demned had their execuc'on, Mr. Andrewe Chorlt'n beinge
Sherref.

1590-1 Thomas Sherar and Thomas Burnell Balyvs.

This yeare was made common sargiant Edward Lloid shoo-
maker and the other two sargiant s were Thomas Coomiy taylor
beinge sargiant to master Baylyve Sherar and Thomas Evans
taylor beinge sa'giant to master Bayly ve Burnell.

This yeare the counsell of the Marches of Wales keapt
Michelmas tearms in Shreusburie wdl began in the beginninge
of November by the meanes of master Justes Shatelwoorthe
wheare the seale remaynid untill the weeke before Christmas
because they were unserten either to goe or tarrie untill they
hard from Loondon to wch place y° towne of Salop sennt Mr.
Roger Evans to be a sutor to have tlie counsell to remaine
still for the helpinge forward the rcparac'on of a ruynous
castell there to be repayrid and buildid herafter to be a place
bothe to reseve the counsell as also a convenie't place for the
prisoners of the shire.

This yeare and the . . . daye of December was by
the apointment of the counsell a man put uppon the pil-
lorie in Shrosberie for pi'urie provid upon hym whose name
was

This yeare and the \r\\]th daye of February beinge Monday
in the morninge one Humfrey S my the alias Sadlar dwell ingc
under the Willde Co[)p an old man hangid hym selfc in a coke
loft wthin his owne bowse beinge well able to lyve.

This yeare and the xxvj/A, daye of February was the towne
sessions of Salop where there were no pryson's condempnyd
but were foonde under the value.

This yeare by the meanes of the hardncs of wynter and
dryncs wth all causid hey »}o fodder to be verey deere and
camseed many cattell to perrishe for waunt, as also the wether
fell unkyndly at X'ras and after X'ras to sutche snowe and
rayne that made the water uppon a soodde' thawe to ryse

Vol. hi. Ai1

320 EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY.

somwhat highe that the lycke watJ was never scene in the
ennde of M'ehe before contrarieto kynde that the people could
not in tyme fallowe tlieir barly growiide and by reasoon of the
frost wth all and hard weather causid the grcsse springe
soo'what late and killid almost all hearbes in gardeines and
other placs so that husbandme' were fayne to sowe theire barly
presently after in Aprell uppon the fyrst turninge aftr the
ploughe and the garde' to be sowidd in Ap'll for want of season-
able weather.

This yeare and the first day of May about v. of the clocke in
the afternoone of the same dayc tlieir fell a terrible thoonder
wth lighteinge and tempest w(h lasted not verey longe the
thoonder bolt therof did kyll upon Lcat'n Shelffc by thetowne
of Shreusbcrie one Ceordge Maninge shomaker comminge wth
his brother Richard Maninge of Salop taylor from Oswestaries
fayrc the saide Geordge killid owt right and bothc theire horses
but the sayd Richard .Maninge was astonied but escapid a lyve
savinge that he was a massia a day or two after who reported
that there was at the tyme sutchc a steanche and grcate heate
in the same place by the reason of the longe continewancc of
lighteninge after the t bonder past that the saide place
remaynid three dayes in greate heate and stinckinge smell
whiche sodden chanses is an exsamplo for others to serve God
at all tymes not knowinge at what tyme or where or howc he
will stricke us for O1' synns.

This yeare and the '2Sth day of Maii one Mr. Thyn esquire
by the assistance of the Shir erf of Shropshire beinge the Mr.
Hoptu' assaultyd the castcll of Cause1 bclonginge unto the
Lord Harry Stafford to whom the sayde Mr. Thin had bought
longe agoc and had recovirid the same by lawebut could never
gctt possession and was \vtl)stood by the Ladie Stafford and
serte' of hir men beinge at that instant within the sayde
castcll the Lorde Stafford hyin selllr'e beinge from whoame but
at the lengthe the sayd Thin by the helpe of the Shcereff
entrid p' force and expullsid the sayde Lady w*h smale hurt
doon.

This yeare and the (> day of J tine beinge Soondaye and the
festivall day of the company of the Shermen of Salop aboutc
the settinge u})p of a greene tree by serte yonge me' of the

1 The Karl of St a fiord inherited Cause Castle and estates from the
Corbets. William llopton of Rockall and Chirbnry was sheriff.
Arms : gu semee of cross crosslcts, a lion rampant or. There is a
view of Cause Castle in Mrs. btackhouse Acton's Garrisons of Shrop-
shire, p. 40.

-

EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY.

321

saicle company before their hall doore as of many yeares before
have ben acostomid but preach id against by the publicke
prechor there and commawndid by the baylylis that non sutche
shonldc be usid and for the disobedience therein theye were
put in prison and a privey sessions called and there also
indietid and still remayne until! the next towne sessions for
further triall as hear after may apeere.

This yeare and the 17 day of Julii beinge Saturday in the
night the most part of Shytihall1 was burnid withe tier by
mischance of a mayde s'vant at night wth a candle where flax
did lye in the wch the snoii'c of the said candle fell in unknowe'
to hir and so kindlingc in the night by an extreme tempest
scatterid the fyve a broadc the towne in a woondcrfull sort
that the sayd her leapt to the churclie there beinge a pretic
space from any house and burnyd the same and burnid and
meltid the bells therin and laft nothinge unburnyd savinge
the stoane woorke therof and the sayd her was so vehemc't
that wythe the soddc' fright therof beinge in the night and
the people makinge all the speedc they coulld to save their
goods as a sort of men soddenly amasid made smale speede to
save their neighbors bowses but sufiringe the same uppon
suche extremitie that it was past healp so that not wthstand-
inge comminge and chaunsinge in the night ev'y p'soon beinge
in bedd yet were there non buried, thanks be to God.

This yeare and the 19th daye of August Sir Edward Leight'n
knight wth other Justices of the Shire did muster at Shreus-
bcrie for the towne and shire yc number of 200 souldiars
prickid and apointid to apearc at an howres warninge upon
pay no of d cat he.

This yeare and the 22 of August beinge Soondaye the
bayliffs then beinge of the Bishops Casreli xij miles from

1 This five was described in a book, at present known only by its
title in Ames's Typography (Herbert's ed.), p. 1871. " The lament-
able mines of the Towne of ShiiYnall, alias Idsall, in Shropshire, by
Fire ; witli the most rare and wonderful! burnyng of the Parish
Church standinge on the other side of a water; and the miraculous
preservation of certaine Houses which stood close by the said Church,
set forth by Edward Milliard, Parson of Idsall, alias Vicar. Printed
by John Dantcr. Loud. 1591. 4°." Milliard was Vicar 15G7-1598.
There is also in existence a Brief dated 1592, which states that.
" 82 houses with their goods and household stuffe were consumed &
the Parish Church together with the Chancel! and steeple with six
Bells in the same utterly consumed and molten," — Tram. Shropsh.
Arch. Soc, vol. 1., p. 1 m

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Shresbery sennt sertificats to the curates and preachers in the
townc of Shreusberie and ells where to the churches about
that all people shulld have knowladge that theire fayre day
beinge the 29 of August and fallinge upon the Soonday that
in considcrac'on of the will of God to keepe holly the sabothe
dayc and because y* daye shulld be keapt holly that the shulld
not repayrc thyder as that day but uppon the Monday
followinge beinge the 30 daye of August and the' the fayre
there to be keapt and nott to losse their labor the wch is a
godly cxsample and to be followid in all places and truly God
will blesse us all in so doingc grant it so to be good Lord
amen.

This yeare and the 23th daye of August A0 p'd was the towne
sessions and thosse prisoners that were, were savid under the
value & by their boocke also thosse youthes whyche weare
indictid about the erect inge of the Sherman's tree and uppon
their submission there the' were quit for their disobedience
and for all matters and the matter therm to be endid by Mr.
Sergia't Owen who determinid the matt' the' the usuall tree
shulld be usyd as heretofore have be' so it be don syvely and
in lovinge order wthout contenc'on.

This yeare at the 16. 17. & 18 daye of Septe'ber the greate
assise was keapt at Shrewsbery at wch assisse were above GO
prisons' of the wcb were 21 condempnid ten of those had their
boocke and one wooma' begged by the gentilwceme' of the
towne and 9 suffreed to say 8 of them suffred at the old
heathe and the other whosse name was Edward Juson whoe
did murther a yongc youethc beinge apprentise wth one
Mathewe Styntoon tan'er of Wellinget'n under the Wrekin
where he was hangid in chayncs and there shall hange for
exsample, he had murtherid the saide youthe a boute May
day last and was not foounde longe after and that was by the
chance of sertc' rnayds in gatheringe of straweberies foounde
hym and uppon the fynding of liym the sayd Edward Juson
beinge servant in the same house wth hym roon away and
therby suspectyd pursuid & take'. Mr. Willia' Hopton Esq'
Shereffe:

This yeare and against the assise tyme on master Bancks1 a
Staffordshire gcntiT brought into this towne of Salop a white
horsse which wolld doe woonderfull and strangd things as

1 Bandies and his " dancing horse " are, alluded to by Shakspeare
in .Lore's Labour L<>.<f, Act 1, sc. 2, and by many writers contem-
porary with Shakspeare, Thus Ben Jonson, in Every Man Out of
his Humour : — " Ho keeps more ado with this monitor, than ever

EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY.

323

thesse wold in a company or pros toll howe many peeces of
money by hys foote were in a man's puree also yf the' ptie his
master wolld name any man beinge hyd nev' so secret in the
company wold fatche hym owt \\th his mowthe either nami'g
hym the veriest knave in the company or what cullerid coate
he hadd, lie pronowncid further to his horse and said Sir ha
there be two baylyves in (his towne the one of them bid mee
welcom into the towne and usid me in frindly man' I wold
have the goe to hym and gyve hym thanks for mee and he
wold goe truly to the right baylyf that did so use hys sayd Mr
as he did in the sight of a number of people unto master
baylyffe Sherar and bowyd unto hym in makinge curchey wth
hys foote in sutche man' as lie coullde withe sutche strange
feates for sutche a boast to doe that many people iudgid that
it were impossible to bo don except he had a famylar or don
by the arte of magicke.

1591-2 Rychard ap Powell and Edward Irelande Baylyffs.

This yeare was chosen common sergiant Francis Betton
shoomaker and the other t wo sergiants were Hughe Benion
wever sergia't to master Baylyfe Powell and Richard Hortu'
fletcher sergia't to master Baylyff Ireland.

This yeare and the xi\]fh daye of October one Roger Wilsoon
of Salop sherma' was burieea who drownid hym sellfe about
mi'helmas last and could not, be hard of untill nowe whoc was
able to lyve and was of a reasonable wolthe wdioe was a quiet
man and lyvid quietly the horde gyve all people grace dayly
to call uppon hym to gyde us at all tymes. Amen.

This yeare and the 24 of Januarie 1.391 there was in the
parrishe of Awburburie in the countie of Salop a swarme of
beese cam owt of an hyve there the sayd daye and beinge hyvid
in good order and lyckid well the whyehe was verey strandgc

Bankes did with his horse." And again in Thos. Bastard's Chresto-
loros, 1598, lib. 3, ep. 17 :—

" Bankes hath a horse of wondrous qualitie,
For lie can light, and pisse, and dance, and lie,
And find your purse, and tell what eoyne ye have,
But Bankes who taught your horse to smell a knave V
In 1595 a pamphlet was published " Maroccus Extaticus, or Banckes's
Bay Horse in a Trance : A Discourse set downe in a merry
Dialogue between Bankes and his Beast ; anatomizing some Abuses
and bad Trickes of this Age," 4to, prefixed to which was a print of
the horse stand inge on his hind legs with a stick in Ins mouth, his
master with a stick in his hand, and a pair of dice on the gi ound,
A facsimile of this print is given in Malone's edition of tthakspeare,
Poor Bankes and his horse were burnt at Home as magicians.

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in that tymc of yeare never scene or hard of to any mans
memoric.

This yeare and the 2Sth day of Novc'ber 1501 was master
Rychard Myttoon Esquire callyd the gcntill master Myttoon
and Aldcrma' of Salop who had ben 6 tymes baylyf of the
towne in his tyme & was solemnly burieed the 2Sth day of
November 1591 beinge about a C yeares olde. .

This yeare and the 13th daye of June 1592 and beinge Tcus-
day and the towne court daye of Shrowsburie accordingc to
the order of the ncwe eomposic'on one of the baylyves to say
master Edward Ireland beinge furthc of ye towne and master
Baylyfe Powell beinge vcrey sycke was karied from his howse
in a chcarc to the boothe hall and syttingc therein, the cowrie
was reiornid and so in lickc man'er was karried agayne whom
to his howse, whichc event hathe not been scene or harde of
before.

This yeare and the 23 day of June one MT John Toomkies1
beinge curat of Sainct M aris churche in Salop beinge a famows
lernid man and a publicke preacher there dep'tid this p'sent
lyfe and Wcas buried the next daye ensuinge the wdl was
mydsomm' daye for whose deathe of the p'fect p'testants was
great lamentac'on.

This yeare in the moon the of Awgust to say the ....
day Umfrcy Sadlar's daughter whose name vras
drownid her scllfe whoso lather hangid hym sellfFe as apercthe
before, by whose deathe all her goodes cam to the towne of
Shrcwsburic God sennd all people better grace to serve God
<fe to be better myndid.

This yeare bothe the assises were kept owt of Shrousbury to
say at least at Bridge northe & at som' in Ludlo Mr Robart
Eyton Esq Sherefr'

This yeare and the xxvijM. daye of August beinge Thurs-
daye the Bayly lis of Salop made a feaste in the guylde hall in
Shrewsburie beinge at 4 tables a bove a hundred p'soons where
they hadd plentie of venison wyne and other good cheerc the
whiche venyson was gyven by Mr Richard Corbett unto the
towne for to mcete cK: assemble in fryndly man' and to macke
myry the w(h was doon accordingely.

This yeare and about the ennde of August there was made
by the baylyli's of Salop a ciocke within the guylde hall there
wth a dial! wtbin the hall and two dyalls w*hout the hall the
one to servo the highe streete market and passars by and the

1 ",1592 Juno 21 Mr. John tomkis Public Preacher buried/'—
Stt Mary's Register,

EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY.

325

inhabitants there, and the oder towards the corne marckett
in lyckc man', the wch two dialls do not onely noate howe the
howres of the daye passethe but also thcirin the picture of the
moone ho we it clothe increase and decrease verey artyficiall
and comodius to the beholders.

This yeare and the first in Scpte'ber 1592 in the night were
woonderfull fiery e infiamac'os and brightnes withe sutche light
flashes and aspirae'ons that any person might deserne the
value of a peece of money as yf it had ben breke of daye (to
say light in darknes) the omnvpotent God have m'cy upon us.

1592-3 Robart Irelancle & Mychaell Chambers Baylyffs.

This yeare were chosen com'en sergiatt Thomas Browne
draper and Roger Langley taylor sergiant to master Ireland
and Richard Mannynge taylor sergia't to master Chambers.

This yeare and the 30 daye of Novc'ber beinge Sainct
Andrews daye Richard Teggin draper was swoorne commyn
sergiant in the place of Thomas Browne beinge elect}Td sergia't
because he was lame and therefore unfitt to prosecute the
same as aptaytaynyd.

This yeare and the 27 of November in the night Mr. Prynce
his howse or place in the Abbey foriyate was broken by
theeves to say they brocke into his countinge howse and
foounde there smale stoare of money but foond the keys there
to ope' the moost and chytiyst (lores and places where they
might have com by money and other things but belicke
beinge frighted uppon soom noyse whiche they hard in the
house departid uppon a soodden to a coate there hardd bye
where they laft their horses but when they cam there their
horses were gotte' owte into the filldes they knewe not
whythcr and beinge darcke allso so they toocke their heelis
wliyther no man can tell and laft the sayde pryvey kayes
behynnde them and in the morninge the horses were foonde
stray d in the ficllds beinge ij horses wth theire furniture the
wch wcre brought to be scene bothe in this towne and other
places to be scene yf by the sight of them any knowledge
might be hadd.

This yeare and the xj///. daye of January 1592 from the
after noone of the same daye untill the 18th day to say a
whoalc weeeke to geather the wynde beinge at the northwest
continewid for the most p't sutche an extreeme tempest of
wynde onely that did greate harme in many places.

This yeare and in the moonthe of Februarie began a p'lymc't
to say the 19 day of Februarie for the whiche were chossen
burgeysis for the towne of Shreusburie at the request of the
Earle of Essex master Reynold Scriven and master Robart

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Wright beinge the Earles stuard, and were made knights of
the shire for the sayd p'lyme't master Fraunces Newport and
Mr. Robart Needam.

This yeare all this som' the eitie of London was visited wfch
the plage and a pestelent burninge ague great numbers died,
the sayd plage was in Darby, LiehfiM, Bewdley, Worcester,
Glocester, Tewksbery, Wem, Bishops Castell and wtbin 3 myles
of Shreusbery, so that watehe and warde was kept for longe
tyme at all the gates there that non infected p'son or any
others shulld com from those placs except they kept them
sellves owt of the towne for a monthes space at the least by
wch pollitick governing and the omnipotent blessinge favor i:
governme't of God the towne of Shreusbery was free and
escapid danger God be praysed for the same. Amen.

This yeare 1593 the 25 of August y° great assise keapt in
Shreusberie Sir Eic' Corbet Esq. beinge Sheerriff.

This day A0 dicto and the G day of September beinge
Thursday departid this p'sent lyffe mysteres Mary Cole of
Shrewsburie, and was buried the Saturday followinge who was
a verteous gentill' & of a good mynde of no pride but familiar
wth the simplist of all, willinge to hyr power to do good to
all p'sons and never consent id t o the hurtt or hyndera'ce of
any p'soon.

This yeare and the xth of Septe'ber the woorthy knight Sr
Edward Leighton of Watilsborowe in the countie of Salop and
beinge one of the counsell in the m'shes of Wales dep'tid this
p'sent lyffe beringe great e countena'ce and fame all Shropshire
ov' whose buriail was not solempnisid until! a moonthe after,
whose death e was sore missed & lamented of many.

This yeare and the 1.7 daye of Septe'ber A" p'd there was
burnid in Stretton to save mydle Stretton in the count' of
Salop xj bowses and barnes by myschance of fler after this
man' to say a nydiart or foole of the same towne makinge a
fier by a ricke of strawe adioininge to a barne caught here in
the ricke and so to the barn, beinge fewe p'sons laft in the
towne but were a broad e about their bussines and markets so
that havinge lyttell helpe or past lieljie whe' any cam so the
number of thosse bowses were spoilid as aforesaid.

There was burned also the same daye at ShyrTnall two
bowses by the necklvgenecaf an olde ma' beetinge fier in a
bruehouse being hevie and sleepy and soe the fier caught into
the thatche of the bowse and so were burnt.

The yeare and the xx\]tl/ of Septe'ber the baylyffs Alderme'
and come' cownsell of the towne of Shrousburie mett together
wth the assistance of Mr Sergia't Owe' at the guild hall

EAJ1LY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY.

327

commc'ly callicl the boothe hall of Shreusburie wth the assem-
bly of the commons there of and conserninge the bony volent
gyft of Sr Thomas White late of London (of woorthy fame) of
the soom of lOUi laft by hym to the towne of Shreusburie to
be lennt to 4 yOnge occupiars being clothears for 10 yeres and
the matter being debated before the commons in the guyld
hail there and the pryncipall poyntes of the will and testame't
of the sayd Sir Thomas White there ope'ly declarid and the
lernid mynde of Mr Sergla't Owe' therupon uttered and upon
the same deliberac'on granted to the saide comme's to pounder
uppon the same untill the next daye beinge Thursday whiche
4 owt of a number beinge naraid and agreid upon most elect'on
but the baylyves and counsellors had agreid before uppon these
4 to saye Richard Betton, Geordge Phellips Nycholas Leigh ton
& Thomas Chorltoon, but as it was thought the most parte of
the comuns by their p'sons and voyces Avoid not have
Thomas Chorlt'n but wolld have had in his place Thomas
Yevans and uppon that point they stood so longe in
triall by voices *.v; hands that they coulld not disscrne the
difference uppon the wch they dep'tid and weare all by the
baylyves appointed to mecte againe the next daye beinge
Friday and were fayne to goo through e the dore by pole and
so their names taken and the choise in number fell upon
Thomas Chorlt'n but the dytlerence was but lytyll and on
Saturday followinge they severally reseved theire porc'ons to
say 2'5li a peece and the odd 4/i was for the bayliffs in v'singe
and payeinge the same apoynted so by the g ranter, the dis-
course of whose famous graunt and stablished gyft aperithe
somwliat larger in this boocke.

1503-4 Edward Owen draper & Humfrcy Hughes Sherma'
Baylyffs.

This yearc were chosen sergiaunts at the mace to say
Richard ap Ric' wer' comrac' sergia't Willia' Jencks drap'
sergia't to Mr. Owe' and Rychard Harries taylor sergia't to
Mr. Hughes.

This yeare and the 9th of October in the after noone the
almshowses1 in Franckvill was by mvschancc on fyer and
there had not be' great e helppe and dilligence it had spoilid
many bowses beinge charged wth broome fagotts and other
drie fuel I verey dangerous but God be thanckid by reason of
Severn water so neere and rediness of the people it Avas stayed
for p'ceedinge anv fisurtbep the' thosse almshouses and savinge
two or three of their bowses burnt and spoilid wthin furthe all

1 Those wore St. John's or Coles Almshouses,

Vol. hi aq

328 EAJRLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY.

y° rest owtward a bout was keapt standinge and the mis-
chance therof cam by one of the' fatchinge coles of fyer in a
woode' dyshe and ievinge it in hir howse goinge uppon an
arrant the fyer burned the dishe and so caught bolide of
brome or sutche lie he fuell and before she cam agayne the
house was on fyer the dore beinge shutt.

This yeare and the xxj/A day of November beinge Wensday
a man of mast' Thomas Chorlt'n drapr whose name was Roger
beinge an husbandma' was drowned in mackinge fast of a
eece of wood for goinge downe the watersyd being somwhat
ighe and coulld not be fooimde of longe tyme after, the next
daye followinge beinge the 22 daye was a mayde drowned by
Montford whose name was Eliza bethe Reynoilds (the chance
fell owt thys) a yonge ma' and shoe passing in a boate to
fatche another over the water and in passinge in the sayde
boate a longe the shoreside the wynd beinge extrecme bigge
drive the boate upon the roote of a tree lyeinge in the water
and so ov' tumid the' bothe in the water, the yonge ma' savid
hym sellffe but the mayde was drownid and not as yeat
fooun.de beside other two more drownid in the saide water
wthin 4 myles compasse, but ye said Eli'h was foond againe not
before ye 21 day of Janu to brought to Salop y° 22 day of
Januarie and the crown1"* jury charged so buried the sayd day.

This yeare 1593 and the 15 daye of December at night
Severn water at Shreusbury did rise by the reason of greate
weete and of sutche contynewance that it did ryse a foote
deep in dyv' mens bowses especial! in Franckvill somwhat
nere the wat' syde and com mewed and keapt at the horse-
fayres monthe more the' 8 dayes with sutche terrible tempest
of wynnde and rainge for the space of a moonthe before, that
the licke wether bathe not ben scene and never sennce before
hallentide the water was not under a lloate wat' and the
wynnd keapinge most terrible togethe' for the space of 7
weaks in the reast.

This yeare and the 8 daye of J anuarie beinge Tuesdaye the
quarter seassions for the shire beinge Shirirle of the same
Mr. Kobart Powell of the Pareke by Oswestrie at ye whiche
seassions (beinge usually keapt in the towne of Shresburie)
was not hymsealU'e presennt but his deputie, and the next
daye followinge bei'g the dth daye of Januarie the towne
seassions of gaole delyvi' in Shrosbery was keapt in the whiche
were 2 condempned, one savid by his boocke & the rest
whipped,

This yeare and the 21 day of Marche beinge Thursday there
fell sutche a monsterous thy wynde and so extreeme fecrce

EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY.

329

owt of the northeweast all that whole day univ'sall all England
ov' that the force thereof threwe downe barnes, uncoverid a
number that were both thatchid and tylid, overthrowinge
howses, steeples, parcke pales and greatc treese, and soondry
parsoons slayne by the fall of them, that the lycke wynde was
never seene of thosse that be lyvingc in these dayes, to the
greate lossc and hinderance of most men, the force wherof
amongist other losses in thys towne of Shreusbury removid
the upp' part of Sainct Claris steeple owt of his place towards
the southeest about 5 inches and at tho present remove there
was master Laut'n publycke precher there in the pulpit that
yf it had fallen it wold have dryve' the churche uppon the
heads of hym and tho people but God stayd the fall thereof
and p'servyd the precher & Iris people (rod be thanckid the
danger therof so standinge that the people of the towne durst
not ringe the bells nor any bell for snakinge of the same to a
further inconvenience the wch were the plesaunts and comfort-
ablest ringe of bells in all the towne as also the disvigurid
sight of the steeple so standinge was a greate eyesore not
onely to the townesmen but unto the coontrey and other
Strang3 passingers in considerac'on wherof the baylyffs and
townesme' whe' oportunirie servyd made p'parac'on for things
nedefull and a chifTe masson gott'n to remedy the same so
that before all things were fynishid and the skaffollds bothe
wthin and without take' downe to say the 22 daye of June and
the 23 daye followinge beinge Soonday the grette bell was
ronge owt there to the sermonde and the 29z7i daye of June
beinge Sotturday followinge all the bells were roonge verey
solumly to the comforde of all the herars ; it is further to be
noted that the vjf/i. day of June the wether coke of Sainct
Maris steeple was tacke' downe of the topp of the sayd steeple
by one Francs Barnet of Salop bricke layer who newe pointid
the said steeple the wch coke was seene and shewid to many
whiche was and is of brasse wainge 12 pounds h the lengthe
of the sayde coke from the bill to the enndc of his tayle "is a
yarde lackinge 2 ynches and the deepnes from the topp of the
combe unto the bottome of the breast is halfe a yarde & one
inche and was put on the steeple topp againe the 14 daye of
June by one John Richmoond of Acton Reynolld masson
cliiffe woorckema' of the stoane woorcke and the placingc of
the sayde bracke or cracke wth his advice in tho scattolds
mackinge bothe wthin the sayd steeple as wtbout, who mesurid
the whoole steeple and towre from the toppo of the same to
the bottom as by hys Lust report ys in thys man' to say, the
barr that berithe the coeke ys 2 inclies and a halfe thyclc & is

330

EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY.

in compas a boute 10 inches and the saide barr is in height
from the cocke to the upper stoane G foote 10 inches. The
crosse barr of iron ys 3 foote 10 inches the topp stoane under
the barr is in breadthe 2 foote 2 inches, it is from the topp-
stoane to the cracke 14 foote and from the cracke to the upper
wyndows 31 foote 7 inches and from the upper wyndowe to the
nether wyndowe 30 foote, and from the nether wyndowe to the
bottoom of the spire at the garretts 47 foote & a halfe, so that
the whoale spire in stoane woorcke is 132 foote & one inche.
The whole towre from the bottoom of the spire is to the
grownde 87 foote and a halite, so the height of all the stoane
woorcke from the bottoom of the grounde unto the topp
stoane that holldithe the barr ys 219 foote 7 inches the wch is
73 yards and 7 inches and adding thcrunto 6 foote 10 inches,
so then by this accompt the cocke standethe in height from
the grownde 7G yards 5 inches. And it is further to be notid
the cocke of the steeple standethe lower from the grownde by
9 yards & 0 inches the' Pawles steeple standithe nowe after
this matter to be reconnid, that Pawles spire steeple in
Loondon was in tymber woorcke and leadid over to the
battelme'ts before the burninge therof in height 200 foote and
the steple or mayne towre as it standethe newe ys in height
from the grownd 2 (.50 foote wch ys SG yards & 2 inches, so it
aperethe the difference to be as afor is layde downe 9 yards 9
inches higher than St. Maris steple, and the whoale height of
Poales steaple was before it was burnte from the grownde 153
yards & one foote, furthe' Pawles churche ys in leangthe 720
foote wch is 240 yards the wch is 12 score.

This yeare and in this moonthe [May] and in these baylyves
tymes there was errectyd and made about the highe crosse in
Shreusburic a place of tymber woorcke for contrey folks and
others to sit and stand drie from mine to sell their poultrie
butter egges and chesse &:e the wcU was eoverid and fynyshid
the 10 daye of July.

This yeare and the {)th daye of June 1594 about 3 or 4 of
the clocke in the morninge there fell sutche a storme & friglit-
full thunder clap wch did harmc in Bridgenorthe and in other
places at that instant.

This yeare and the 30 of J uly beinge Tuesday and the towne
court day in Shreusburie a matt' betwyxt master Frauncs Mere
Dithcg' and master Sturry of Rossoll wennt to a Jury and the
matter was so longe pleaded before them and goinge togcather
and chargid a bout G of the cloche at night and eontynewycl
untill 8 of the clocke on Thursday night ibllowinge and coulld
not agree wthout meate Jrinke or any other releerle andsom of

EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY.

331

the sayd Jury before they wolld yeald wold eyther dye the'
selves or famishe others upon the wch extremitie the baylyffs
and worship of tl ie towne intreatid bothe the p'ties to eonscyder
the lyffe of men and to put the matter to frynnds the wch in
the ennde they dyd agre uppon and presently entrid into
baunds and so uppon the same the Jury cam owt as aforesaid
weacke I noughe especially som, of the' yf they had taried one
night longar had died.

This yeare and most p't of the somm' & p't of the harvest
tyme contynewly for the most p't was greate weete that Severn
wat' did hollde upp most strandge and not mutche under a
flote water from the beginninge of June to the begyningc of
August and the' cam 4 or 5 days verey faire and then began
agayne mixinge wethere that where rye was at lSd. or xxd. the
bushell and wheate 8 grots nowe it is rise' to 3s. 2d. rye and
5s. 4sd. wheate so that yf God do not sennd sesonable weather
in tyme it wille licke to fall dearer, but God be pissed it cam
to passe that the ennde fell owt a verry fayre season to all
peoples comfford.

This yeare the' was apointid by the clergy wth the conscent
of the bayliffs and assistants of thys towne of Shreusburie a
generall fast to bo used to say the xjth day of August beinge
Soondaye at wch day most of the inhabitants in Salop repayrid
to Sainct Maries churche there to pray and call uppon God to
sennd seasonable weather to bringe in they re corne for the
comford of his people who 1 anient ingo their synns and callinge
to God wth sootche godly sermons made there of the p'chars to
the comfford of all the' hearars the wch contynewyd all that
Soonday from 8 of the clocke in the mor'inge untill 4 of the
clocke at night and never earn owt of churche untill then.

This yeare and the xxv'jth of August the greate assisse was
hellde in Shreusburie and the iudgs of the assises were brought
in by the Shyrefie of the Shire whose name was Mr. llobart
Powell of the Pare kc by Oswestrie Esquire who cam in verey
valiantly and at the ennde of the assise there were three con-
denrpnid to say two men and a woma' so the twoo men were
executid & the woama' reprivid beinge thought to be wth
childe.

This yeare and the 4:th day of October beinge the elect' on
daye for the makinge of newe baylyli's and beinge at night
there was murtherid by serte' unruly youthes of the towne one
Thomas Lakon aprentisc wth >Mr. Richard Chirwel drap' beinge
uppon the elect'on that night and his saide man beinge under
the hall waitinge tor his niv to com owt sett uppon hym verey
cowardly sett uppon hym purposidly pretendid aforehand by

332 EAliLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY.

them and so gave hyra soondrie dcdly woounds for the whiche
soom are uppon suspic'on put in the gaole to be examyned to
trie owt the truthc wch God sennd Amen, he was a proper
youthe and com of good frinds.

1594-5 David Lloyd drap' & Thomas Lewis Baylyffs.

This yeare was chosen commc' sergiant Edward Phellips
sherma' and the other two sergiants were Richard Hardinge
sherma' unto Mr. Baylyf Lloid and John Lewis tann' s'giant
to Mr. Baylyff Lewys.

This yeare and the 29th day of October 1594 beinge Tuesday
was the towne seassions of Salop of gaole delivery there and
master Fowlar beinge stuard and sittinge there wth the baylyffs
in the whiche sessions were condempnid Hughe Preece serva't
wth Robart Taylor of Salop sherman and William Morris soon
unto Willia' Morris of Salop sherman for wilfull murther for
murtheringe of one Thomas Lakon s'vant unto Mr. Ry chard
Chirwell of Salop drap' as apeerithe in the last p'cell of the
last yeare who were executid at the olid heathe the next daye
followinge beinge the 30 daye of October in the after noone of
the same daye, who althoughe in their lyve tymes were unruly
youth.es yeat at theire end they died wth pacience repentinge
their former lyves to the exsample of all youthes and people
present at whose execution were a greate multitude.

This yeare by the reson of swiftnes of rie and unsesonablenes
of barly and karrienge owt of rie and other grayne from place
to place and stolle' owt of the lamid corne waxid verey deere
in Shreusbery to say rie at 13 and 14 grots wheate at 5s and
1G grotts the bushell.

This yeare about the ennde of M'che there went souldiars
owt of Shropshire and other places towards Ireland for the
Earle of Terrone did rebell wth his assosiatcs and burnid
towards the northe parte and stole serte' cattell there and so
returnyd.

This all the monthe of M'che corne kept still deere to say
wheat at 7s. and upwards and rye at 17 grotes.

This yeare 1595 was Francs Albany Esquire Sheref who
keppt bothe the assises at Bridgenorthe.

This yeare and the oth daye of September A° p'd there was in
the howse of Rychard Mynton dwellinge in the suburbs of
Salop a strange pigge farieed havinge two liyndor parts from
the navill downewarde and one inteere bodie upwards to say
one head necke and breast havinge 8 feete verey strandgc to
beholld to sa ve the nether partes joy nid syde to sydo soondred
from the upper p't of the bodie havinge two lagges a peece
benethe and 4 leggs above from the whoale body in sucho sort

EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY. 333

aperinge so playne that the contrarie legge of the one servyd
eiche other for the other legge so althoughe there were 4 leggs
above yeat had they two leggs a peece after sutche man' that
the one legge of the one servyd and apeerid to be the fellow
to the other and had under one skynn 2 backe bones aperinge
unto the neeke yeat joyninge and growinge togeather aperinge
benethe to be two boare piggs having out one pissill & one
hart and was faded alyve but diced presently after.

This yeare and in the moonthc of October the counsell of
the marches of Wales cam to Shrewsburie to keape the tearme
there wch dothe begin the secoond daye of November ensuinge
& stayd there.

This yere corne kept vercy deere still to say wheate at
7s. Gd. and rye at Cs. the wcU was a strange matt' conscideringe
yfc harvyst beinge past & all corne in. God for hys mercy sake
amend it and helpe the poore Amen.

1595-G Wylliam Jones & Thomas Chorltoon Baylyffs.

This yeare and the thrid of October beinge Friday and the
elect' on day for the forsaide bay lis &c the xxv p'sons that were
chosse' entrid into the eleet'on house about 12 of the clocke
the sayde daye and cam not owt before Seturday at night so
at lengthe agreed upon the forsayd baylyffs and made John
Wycherley common sergia't and the other two sergiants were
John Butterie weav' for .Mr. BaylyfT Joanes and Thomas
Davies taylor for Mr. Chorlt'n.

This yeare and the Sth daye of Januarie was the towne
sessions of Salop of gaole deliv' where scrte' p'sconn's were
raignid and the twelve that wennt uppon lyffe and deathe for
savinge of them beinge indighted were sore thretenid by the
Stuard and baylyffs to be fynid and were all commytted to the
gate.

This yeare and the xth daye of Januarie A°. p'dict beinge
Saturday Severnc water did sooddenly rise by the reason of
greate raine and contynwall wynde that the water did rise in
men's bowses in the subu'bes of the sayde towne and especially
in the subu'bs of Francvitl that the water was in the goodma'
Mynttoons bowse xiiij ynches deepe that the howsholld were
fayne to assennd up to their chambers a lofte and contynuid
there untill Moonday morninge before it dep'tid clone owt of
the bowses and thosse wcb cam to the market botlie of contrey
folks as inhabitants in the sayd subu'bs were fayne to passe to
and fro the sayd towne in bargs and boates and the water kept
still at the horsefayrc mowthe for the space of 7 or 8 dayes.

This yeare and the xlh day of Januarie beinge Saturdaye
and in the after noone of the same daye one Thomas Yeavans

334 EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY.

of Oswestrie gentil' was shamefully mtirtherecl under the
Wilde copp against the redd lyon in the sayde towne of
Shreusburie by one Rychard Twysse trumpeter and servaunt
to one master Williams the whiche Twisse cam behynd the

horse backe througlie the towne and throughe the water in
Franckevill beinge so highe in gallopinge throughe the sayd
water most desperatly "for it was soe suddenly doon and
feightinge withe another & presse of people so thicke about
them that it was not knowen iintill he fell downe a non after
the wownde and then knowledge had the sayde Twisse was
pursuid with hughe and crye but cowld not be ov'take' & so
as yeat not taken.

This yeare and sethins the begininge of November untiil the
saide p'sent daye of January the winde contynwid almost ev'y
daye very ruggid in the weast & northe west for the space of
9 or ten weeks verey unquiet and mutable wether without any
greate frost or snowe to speake of contrarie to usuall tyme.

This yeare and the xxixlh daye of Januarie was the towne
sessions of gaole delyv' callyd againe in the towne of Shreus-
burie for that daye as conscerninge the sayde murther at the
whiche was condempnid Humft'rey Cleye of Shrewsburie
payntcr for that he p'curid the brawle and was bustelinge
withe them and gave before threteninge woords in that be-
halfle and had judgme't to goe to the place of execuc'on but was
keapt and repri'ed for a tyme and greate freenship made by
Mr. Thomas Leig-htn beinge capte' of the traynid men (of
wch number he beinge one) sekinge wth others to save hym yf
they can.

This yeare y° 12th daye of Februarie 1595 about eveningc
of the same daye a child of one Hie' Hoggins wreav' whose
name was Mary Hoggins of the adge of 4 ycres old was
murthered in the Fishestrete by a burde fallinge uppon hir
she plainge there \vth other children the other escapid but she
was kyllyd the more was the pyty yf it had so plcsid God.

This yeare and in the moonthe of Marche to say the . . .
day of the same the olid buyldinge in the corncmarket place
was agreid to be take downe and the tymber woorckc therof
wTas solid to serten of the townes me' and withe all speed to
erect and buvkl in the place withe stoane and tymber a
s'mpteous hall a loft and a lardge marcke bowse for corne
benethe and it is to be notid that the serche and foondac'on
was a quart' of a yeare before it was fynishid and so the stoane

EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY.

$35

woorcke was begon the 15 day of June folio winge and was
fynishid and almost coverid before the baylyffs of the sayde
towne wennt owt of their offices at my'helmas followinge.

This yeare and the .30 day of July A0. 96 a child of Thomas
Foxes of Salop husbandma' of 2 yeares ollde playeinge with
other childre' in the cornem'kett was murtherid in the corn-
market in Shreusburie withe a pece of tymber being placid
there wth other tymber against Phillip Pigions housse did fall
uppon hir and pressid the savd chilld to deathe before any
helpe cam. and the roast escapid.

This yeare 159(3 Mr. Kobart IN'eedam Esq1', was Sheref &
keapt the som' assise in Salop y° 20 of August.

1596-7 John Webbe & NycJiolas Gybbons Baylyffs.

This yeare and the first daye of October beinge Friday and
the elect'on daye for ye foresaid Baylyffs was chosen common
sargiant Edward Lloid corviser Francys Betton shoomaker
sergia't to Mr. Webb and Thomas Phellips baker sergia't to
Mr. Gibbonns.

This yeare and the 21 day of November 1596 one John
Ludlowe the soon of Roger Ludlo of Salop weav' hanged hym
sellffe in his fathers house t lie cause therof was not knowe'
but thought to bee his owne wickid purpose beinge a youthe
not fullyc in his sencies so that before at soondrie tymes
assayde thesse wickid meanes to ennde his lyfe but was pre-
ventid and scene unto. Cud be m'cyfull unto us and blesse us
all withe his gracious spyrite and to lyve in his love and
fearc. Amen.

This yeare is further to be not id that greate tempest of
thunder wynde and rayne 1 1 at lie ben for the most parte sethins
mihelmas last and especially uppon the 27 day of Novemb'r a
bout thre of the clocke in the after noone was about Shreus-
berie sutchc extreeme tempest of wynnde rayne and thoonder
wtu Hglitenmge.

Tins yeare there was by the baylyffs and alderme' of Shreus-
berie wth the commons of the same provision made for corne
at Loondon the which e cam from Danswicke Denmarke and
tliose foren places to ease all England and especially Loondon
of the execssyve prices \vch corne bare all England ov' and
especially in Shreusberie so that there was p'vidid a hove 3200
bushell at the least for Shrewsberie and cam by the way of
Bristowe and was sold to the commons there after the rate of
88. the bushell of rie whiehe was in the markett at 12s. and
better and wheate at, 14 £ 158. and also there was preparid to
be bakid of the sayde rye 40 bushells weeckely by the towne
bakers in peny breed two peny bredd three pony bread and

Vol,, ill. All

336 EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY.

fouro peny bredcl for the poore to have it for their money
wch had not nor were not able to by any other bigger porcion
then by the pony ijd. iijcZ. or a grotc whiche for want of the
same were lycke to perrishe and were so unruly and gredie to
have it so that the baylyffs vj men & other officers had mutch e
a doe to serve the'. The God most mightie sennd plentie y*
Ins chosen flocke perrishe not and dy for want as many in all
contrees in England die and goe in greate numbers myser-
ably abegginge and leve their howses and be not able to lyve.

This yeare and the xtJb dayc of Januarie 159G beingeTusday
after twelfTe day and the quarter seassions for the shire in
Shrosbuiy did contynewe and holld a bove his ordinarie course
whiche was iij dayes the cause was thus they houlde there-
wthall a gaole delyv' of the shyre prison's beinge about 50 in
number whereof were 12 put to cxecuc'on 7 burnt in the hand
and 6 apointid to be whipt and the rest for waunt of bills of
indictme't were reiornid untill the next quarter seassions or
assises.

This yeare and the 20 day of January beinge Thursday
senight after the sayd quarter sessions of the shire the townc
seassions of gaole delyv i' was holde' whe'in sutche towne
prison's that were foound under the value were lett passe at
libertie painge for their irons and chardgs whiche continewed
also untill Saturday in the after noon because the saido
baylyffs had mutche a doe withe inmates and idle p'soons
pesteringe the towne in examinge of the' and so drive' owt
of the towne to their owne coontres for that they repaired in
greate numbers owt of soondrie coontries to lyve idely and
loyteringely overchardginge & hinderinge the chepnes of corne
beinge so exceedinge deere by whiche meanes the poore in-
habitants had lesse releeft'e to their utter undoinge. God
amend it whe' hys will is. Amen.

This yeare and the xiijtfi daye of ApriL 1597 a bout 4 of
the clocke of the same in the after noone there did raine in
the towne of Ludlowe wheate1 in soom smale quantitie and
there was gathered upp a pint of the same whiche was delyv'id
to the Lorde President there of y° Marches beinge then at
Ludlowe Castell and soom of it brought to the towne of
Shreusbmy, there did the licke fall in Ponspery and som the
lickc in Shreusburv verey shortly after the sayd grayne beinge
thre square soom in p'feet forme and some blacke & sollter
the' the natural 1 forme but full of llowre and thinnir ryndid

1 This supposed wheat was no doubt the tubers of tho common
Pilowort, Ranunculus Ficaria (L).

EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY. 337

then the naturall God for his mercies sake turne all to the
beast and take pitie.uppon us and gyve us all grace to repent
and amend Ame'.

This yeare and abouts the myds of May corn cam to be at
the deerist for wheate was at 18s. the bushell and rye at 15s.
beanes at 13s. chesse at 4cZ. the pound and all other victells
after the lycke rate.

This yeare and the 21 of June was one Jhon Arrowsmythe
the soon of Thomas Arrowsmythe of Shrcusburie shoomaker
drownid in Seevam bathinge of hym the same daye.

This yeare and the secoond daye of July A° p'dict master
Thomas Sturrye1 of Shrewsburie and a gen till' by birthe of
good callinge and soomtvmes baylyff of Shrewsburie was
drownid passinge hym settle over the water of Sevarn towards
his place at Rossall and in landi'ge hym sellffe beinge to slowe
havinge one foote uppon the land and a nother on the boate
the boate slyppyd from the one foote before he coulld recover
his body to land and so fell backward into the watter and
so was drownid wch was a pitiful! case.

This yeare and the 2Sth of August the greate assise was
keapt in thys towne of Shrewsburie and contynewed from
Moonday untill Wensday at noone wch was verey bussie and a
quicke dispatche consideringe the gaole beinge so greate in
the whiche were eondempnid to dye 7 prisoners the wch goinge
to execut'on the sayd Wensday in the after noone there were
G hangid & one brought backe againe to be savid who was
chargid withe the stealinge of a bagge of corne but he wolld
have taken hys dcathe that he did fynnd the same and so con-
scidcringe the extreeme dean he and searsetie of the yeare was
pitied. .Mr. Edward Skryve'2 Esquire beinge Shyrreii' who cam
in wth the Judges most valiantly and keapt in Shreusbury
duringe the tyme of his contynuance a plentifull howse.

This yeare & in the month of Septc'bcr was kept the towne
scassions of Salop of gaoll delyvi'.

1597-8 Thomas Burnell & Rychard Chirwcll Baylyves.

This yeare the three sergeaunts were to say commun s'giant
Willyam Barnes shoomaker Roger Phillipps tann' sergia't to
Mr. Baylyf Burnell and Phillip Willdinge sargiant to Mr.
BaylyiYCliirwell.

This yeare and in the moonthe of February 1507 was a
sessme't grauntid by bo the baylyii's withe the woorshipps and

1 " 1597 July 2 Thomas Slury Esq. buried drowned at Little
Berwick."-— St. M&rp's Register.

2 Of Erotlcsley. Arms : — arg guttoc de sang, a lion rampant sa.

338 EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY,

whole consents of the p'rishion's of Sainct Chadds1 in Shros-
bury of the soom.of xxxli and upwards towards the payment
of the ncwe castinge of the be J Is in the sayde churche wth
the frames wheeles bell ropes of the same wch were sore de-
cayed and the bells owt of tune and order whiche weare east
& brought in tune and all other things fynisheed before wit-
sontyde followinge beinge in June, it is to be notid that bothe
the baylyves of thys towne weare this yeare of the sayd
p'rrishe beinge verey forward in ye same.

This yeare Lent assises was kept at Bridgenorthe the . . .
day of Marche 1597 beinge then Shyreffe Mr. Charles Fox
Esquire.

This yeare in April! and in the Ester weeke was a great cock-
feight and other pasty mes kept in Shreusbury at Hy chard.
Hortoon's house beinge geylar of the towne upon whose back-
sid a howse and the pitt was made for the peaple to staund
and soe stand safte from weather unto the wch cam Lords
Knights and gentilmen at the wch was grete soms of money
woon and lost. The matche was made betweene the Cocks of
Cheshire and Lanckashir against the cocks of Shropshire and
Wales thidir cam Lunden3. wth their cocks whiche held wth
Shropshiremen but in the ennd the Clieshireme' and Lancashir
had the victory and wennt away wth the smynes of create soms
oi money.

This yeare and the 7th day of Julii were serte' sowldiars
mustrid in Shrosburie and the si lire about for Ireland who
dep'tid towards Ireland the next day followinge by 4 of the
clocke in yc morninge beinge Saturday and ye 8 day of July
by water towards Bristowe.

This yeare & the xiij/.A day of July 1598 beinge Thursday
the towne sessionns of Salop of gaoll delyvery was kept there
for all sutche towne prisoners as theire weere to have their
tryall at wch seassions master Townshend his woorshipp beinge
of late chose' by the consent of the communs to be their
Steward sate as iudge uppon them & there were 3 executid.

The next daye followinge beinge the xij//i day [July] there
was won Joanes a Shropshyrma' executyd at Sainct Mary
Wattcrin^s who studd stowtely a gainst the Queene's lLis pro-
ceedings beinc? a semvnary.

This yeare master Thomas Sherar2 beinge an Alderman of
the towne of Salop and boarne in the same and of lounge tyrae

1 In Phillips, p. 85, is a view of old St. Chad's Church.

2 Son of Edward Shorur by Alice, daughter of John Harris, of
Crucktou. lie had two wives, and left a largo family.

EABLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY.

339

belonginge to the counsell beinge one of the chyffist clarks in
the same as also the keaper and regestiar of the boocks theare
and cheeffe examiner of deepe causes was burieed the towne of
Salop the xxviij^ daye of July A°. 150S and dieed in Bewdley
where he was attendaunt upon hys offic the counsell the'
tyeinge there, who was solemely burieed and mooche moane
made for & especially of his kynn and lyse me' who had been
good to the' his servaunts.

This yeare Lady Margaret Newport1 of Eytoon and in the
county of Salop wydowe dep'tid this present lyfe the xjth daye
of August A0, p'd and was buried at Roskcetter the next day
followinge beinge hir will so and the xxix/A day of August all
the bells in Shreusburry dyd ringe in remembrance of hyr the
whiche towne she lovyu well and she was belovyd of the in-
habytants therm there was bestowyde uppon the poore that
day xuli besyds many other placs in the coontery verey amply,
she was a verteous lady in all hyr lyfe tyme and verey good to
the poore in towne & coontrey.

This yeare and the xxxj daye of August beinge Thursday
the greate assises was kept, in Shresbury the Shirreffe whose
name was Mr. Charles Foxe who brought in the iudgs upon
Wensday at night before verey woorshippfully withe a goodly
trayne in the whiche assises were condempnid and executed
uppon the thrid day of Septe'ber beinge Saturday in the after-
noon 5 prisoners after the departinge of the iudgs whiche
prysoners wennt to their execut'on verey stubburnly & desper-
ately, and wolld neither repennt nor praye and when the
Sherreffe wolld admonishe the' to repentance and to conffesse
for the example of others they wolld andswer hym so stub-
bornly and saye that they earn not thyder to preache.

This yeare and in the moonthe of Septe'ber at the ennde of
the same month corne was solid in Shrewsburie to say Rye the
bushell at 3s. -kl. and wheate at iiijs. and 4s. 4d. the bushell
and other grayne ac'odigc.

1598-9 John Perehc Alder' & Rychard Dawes BaylyfFs.

This yeare 1598 and ve (>(h day of October beinge the Friday
next after Myhelmas daye beinge also upon a Fridaye were
chosse' the forsayde Mr. John Pearche Aldcrma' and Mr.
Richard Dawes BaylyfFs and Richard Teanchc commun sargia't
and the other two sargia'ts were Robart Smythe shoomaker
and Thomas Coomiye taylor to save the sayd Rfc Smythe sergia't
to Bayly Tearche and T. Toomiy shergya't to Bayly Dawes t

1 Her altar tomb of effigies of herself and her husband, Sir Francis
Newport, is on the south side of the Chancel of Wroxeter Church.

340

EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY.

This yeare and the eighth of January beinge Monday there
were two of the CJarcks beinge watermen and dwellmgc in
Shreusburie were clrownid in passinge wth a bardge throughe
the Walsh bridge laden wth wood and other more in danger of
drowninge at the same tyme it. is further to be understood that
the bardge that they were in was their owne beinge in towne
3 breethre' in all whouse names were to say Edward Clareke
John Clareke and Richard Clareke cooming all downe the
water lade' as a forcsayd and thinckinge to shute the bridge
the ennd of the same towchinge the bridge tornyd the same
a crosse the bridge overwhelmyd and they all fell into the water
Edward the eldist escanid by greate lucke, John and Richard
beinge drownyd and v° water the' beinge greate Richard beinge
the yongist was not footind before Saturday followinge being
the xijth day of Februarie at Bulgars loade1 under the wall and
John was nott foonde before the 8 day of Februarie which
was 31 dayes after his drowninge and was foond betweeno
the Beyond the Walls & Stury's Closse stickinge at the roote
of a wythye.

This yeare and the Wth daye of February was the gaole
dolyvi' in Shrosbery in the whiche there was but one executed
whose name was Pod who was a notable theffe or ells he hadd
not suffered no more the' the ooder dyd for Mr. Townsshend2
beinge Stuarde and Judge over them was so full of pitie and
mercy that his woorshipp did what was possible for the Jyfe.

The greate Assize was kept in Bridge northe the 5th day of
Marche A° p'dicto beinge Shyreffe of Shropshire Sr Edward
Eynnaston laiight3 who earn in thider most woorthely and
keapt there sutche a bowntyfull howse for most of the gentil-
me' and others strangers besydes the townes men tliere also
invitid wth comm's and gears that the inholders were speedily
hyndrcd y* the licke there was nevr scene.

This yeare and the 4th daye of June A0. 1599 the counscll
of the Marches of Wales earn to this towne of Shrewsburie to
kepe tearme there ami contyncwed but one tearmc and de-
parted here hence seale and all the 0 of July the towne being

1 Bulgcrode was a gate or postern at the bottom of Roushill.

? Henry Townshend, of Cound, Esq., afterwards Sir Henry (3rd son
of Sir Robert Townshend, chief justice of Wales), buried at Connd 9th
Dec, 1621. His daughter Elizabeth married Edward Cresset, Esq.,
of Upton Cresset. See also Trans, Shropsh. Arch. See., 3, 130.

3 Of Otcley, father of Sir Francis Kynaston, a poet and scholar,
Esquire of the Body to Charles J., and Regent of the " Museum
Minerva)." Arms : — az.t a lion rampant sa. — Blakeway's Sheriff's.

i
I

EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY. 341

woorse the' the better, for the' because they made provision for
the' for two tearmes and keapt but one.

This yeare and the xrjth daye of August the greate assise
was keapt in Shrewsbery beinge Shireffe therof Sir Edward
Kinnaston who cam in to r's the Judges valiantly and keapt
ope' howse to all comm's for beere and beeffe and sumptous
cheere at hys sett table for gentilme' strangers and me' of
accompt com where of that sort wolld & wellcom.

This yeare and the 7th of September beinge Fryday the
towne seassions of Shreusbcrye was hollden in the wch were

condemnyd of towne pryson's & the rest savyd

beinge Stuard and iudge of them master Townsend a most
woorthy Esquire.

This yeare & the xvjf/* day of September beinge Soonday
was burnt by myschance of Iyer in the night tyme in a
villedge wthin a myle of the towne of Shrewsbury callyd Erase
Meele two bowses and a barne full of corne downe to the
grownd wch was by the meanes of leavinge an ennd of a
candcll burninge that the fyer coming in the dead of the night
all was spoylid before it coulld be stayde or any thinge to any
a compt savyd.

This yeare dep'tid this p'sent lyrYe Sir Rye' Shutterworthe
beinge Justice in the counsell of the M'ches of Wales -who was
a just conscionable & pitiful! man & good to the poore.

1599-1600 Master Thomas Edwards & master Edward Owen
Baylyffs.

This yeare and the bth daye of October A° 1599 beinge
the Frydaye next folio winge after Myhelmas daye beinge
the usualf day for the election of Baylyffs and Officers for the
towne of Shrewsbury were electyd, and chosen Baylyves the
foresayd master Thomas Edwards Esquire & mr. Edward
Owen Alderman and commen sargiant Rychard an Richard
weaver and yc two other sargiaunts were Richard Hardinge
the yonger t ay lor sergiant to Mr. Edwardds & Geordge Phellips
sherman sergiant to Mr. Owen.

Further there ys to be noted that after the choosinge of
master Edwards to be Baylyfre he wold not bee nor take the
office uppon hvm but stoodd uppon a pryveledge of the howse
he dothe dwell in beinge in tymes past a colledge1 andtherfore
he sayd he ought nott to be nottwth standinge beinge a good
gentiiman and at lengthe pswadid beinge made of love by his
frynnds was contennt and did r's his office thanckfully uppon
this condic'on that uppon the choise of two lernyd men the

1 Tho College of St. Chadd.

342

EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY.

one for the towne and the ooder for hym sell that yf it were
iudgid b}T the freedom of his howse that he shulld not be
chargid withe that office yeat wolld he serve the office the
yeare owt and never after to be charged withe any agayne, and
yf it fell owt by lawe in their iudgcme'ts that hee ought and
most take ym office then to be contentyd withe good will to r's
the same when herafter itt shulld fortune by orclr and turne to
fall to his lott.

This yeare and the 6 of October Mr. Robart Ireland Esquire
departid this present lytic who was a stowt protestant and a
furtherar of the poore, a good house keeper and one y* keptt
greate countenance in his proseedings in this towne he died
godly in good remembraunco unto the last ennde and was
solemly burieed in Sainct Chadds churche in Shreusbury for
whom were roairy weepinge t cares & greate moane he will be
myssid of his kinsfolke and freeunds.

The baylyves this yeare dyd diligently looke unto and ov'see
the bakers in especially and others artyfysors bothe in theire
assises of breadd and other weights and measures for over
eharginge the poore in more obstricter maner the' hathe been
done before.

This yerc was apoyntid a cryar for the night tyme (whose
name ys Ry chard Morrys beinge the commune bellman of
Salop for the daye) to krye and call throughe'the towne in the
night gyvinge all people knowledge of the clocks to take heede
of doores & locks, of fyer and candell light & so byddinge
them all good nyght wch is a good order to avoyd the dangers
that might followe.

This yeare and in the moonthe of November to say the 29
day a welthy tanner of Whitingtoon called Iveson drownid
hym scllffe in a smale water by his owne house beinge a man
of good yeares and a verey honest man in all his dealings wch
caused his ncyghboors and people to marvell mutch e therat,
but ov' com withe the wickid spirit e as the Dyvill is most
busiest uppon good peapell to woorcke his will to alter theyre
good meanings, y* most tymes forget to call uppon God
bringcthe the' to desperac'on God gyve us all grace to call
uppon hym that wee be not tempt id above our strengthe Amen.

This yeare and in thesse baylyves tymes and the xxixth day
of December in the nyght there was a barne of corne and hey
burnt of mystres Langles wydowe1 dwellinge in the Abbey of

1 This was the widow of Richard Langley, of the Abbey, gent, who
died 1587, the son of Win. Langley, the purchaser of the Abbey.
Mrs. Elizabeth Langley was d. and ceh. of Wm. Poyner, of Abbey
foregate, gent.

Early chronicles of Shrewsbury. 343

Shrewsbury throughe tlic myschance of a candle laft negli-
gently in the oxehouse sarving them the same nyght, and yf
great help had not been the oxen and all had been burnt, and
the husband that was so neclygent roon away. The barne
was full of wheate rye & hey havinge therby greate losse.

This yeare yc thrid daye of m'ehe beinge mu'day the
greate assise was kept at Bridgenorthe beinge Sherriffe Mr.
Humfrey Lea1 of Longnor who kept a bountyfull howse there.

This yeare .& the xtft of Marche Hoomfrey Sherars howse of
Salop sherma' dwellinge in the Barkers streete was by mys-
chance sett on Iyer throughe a kill yfc hee had & no grete
harme doon savinge yc kill was burnt & all the malt theron,
the housse beinge wette and filthely slabbered by reasoon of ye
speedy helpe of the water in tanpitts hard by was in good
tyme slakid.

This yeare and the vijth daye of Aprill one Kobart beinge
ostelar of the Redd Lyon in Shreusburie goinge whomewards
to visit his ffrennds was sett on by the way by one David
Davies ali's Crick e uppon an old grudge and in fyght withe the
company of a taylor that cam in company withe the sayd
Davies the sayd ostelar was slaync by tlie sayd Davies about
Hadnall goinge uppon his iurney.

There was this weeke in the sayd towne of Salop div'se
houses frightened with fyer tliroughe the neckligence of
loockinge to kills as to say I iy chard Yemans tann' and
Cundertoons howse a bruar in the Abbey foreyate but thancks
bo to God no harme doon.

The xixth daye of Aprill A° p'd a servant of master Thomas
Onslows of borow Attoon neere Baschurche in the countie of
Salop whose name was Peter Carter stood uppon the pillorie
with a paper uppon his hedd as conscerninge a vehement
suspic'on in hym to ])retend y° poysoinge of his sayd Mr., the
dishe and spone wd- servid hym wth poddedg wherin the
poyson was and p'tly of the poyson that was laft in the bottoom
of the same of the \vl-h he tasted beinge p'sently sycke of the
same notwithestandige by Gods goodnes eseapid the danger of
deathe.

This yeare one John Oekeley of Awburburie a husband ma'
belouginge to My. Thomas Leigh ton whose tenant he also was
his howse was burnt throughe a kill & lost above cli for all
was burnt.

1 Of Lee hull, Laugley and Acton Darnell, created a Baronet 1G20.
Anns : — git. a fosse eomponee or and az. between 8 billets, 4- in chief
aod 4 in base arg. There are views in Mrs. S. Acton's Garriso?is and
Mansions of Lee hall, Langley and Acton Burncll.

Vol. hi. as

344 Early chronicles of Shrewsbury.

This yearc and the 17 th daye of Maij beinge Saturday and
as it fell owt thys yeare to be trynytie soonday eeve one
master Thomas LeightOn Esquire of Watelsboorow by Awbur-
berie in the countie of Salop beinge capte' of all the traynyd
men in Shroppshire and a woorthy stowt gentil' and wel-
belovid of yc whole shire who was woont to trayne the' in yc
towne of Salop dep'tid this p'sent lyffe about ix of the clocke
in the forenoone of the sayd day whose sowle God take to his
mercy. Amen.

This yeare and about this tyme all kynnde of corne began
to rise to say wheate at 7s rye at vs vjcZ otts at 2s Sd &c and
is feared will com to be deerar. the cause is iudgid that
throughe the greate waunt of fodder and grasse many me' in
most places were forsed to thrashe upp theire cornne from
stoare to feed and save their cattell for they were willinge to
delyv' one hallffe of their cattell to feed the oder and especially
in Wales notwithstandi'ge great numbers of cattell dyed, the
tyme of yeare was so hard that scant in thebeginninge of May
was any blossom of tree or grasse apeeringe to any good effect.
God wee hope will mend it. Amen.

This yeare and tlie 17 th daye of June the towne sessions in
Shrewsberie of gaole deliv' was kept there then and those
prison's y* were there weare all savid savinge one whose name
was David Davies a shoomaker boarne in the sayde towne
who was executid for murtheringe the ostelar of the redd lyon
of the same towne who was all the tyme of his apprehencioii
and aboade in wardc wickedlye and desperately mynded but
goinge to his execuc'on mortified and dyed godly and patiently
God bee pray seed.

This yeare 1000 and in the monthe of June cam from
Loondon Sr Edward Lewckn' to be iustis of the counscll in the
m'ches of Wales and toocko his place in the rowme of Sir
Richard Shittclwoortho discessyd beinge a verteous man and
good to the poore.

This yeare & the 24 of June A° p'd beinge Mydsomm' daye
the good Esquire Tho'as heighten of Watelsborowc in the
countie of Salop, his funeral was solempnised there wth the
number of all y° tray n id souldiars of Salop in battell raye and
most valiantly shott of their peces at the buriall and returninge
thence in m'oinge arav departed acordinge to the usuall order
of their chauipien and Captcn as he was ov' them most
pytifully to behold.

This yeare and the :U of July was the grete assyse kept in
Shrewsburie fallinge upon a Thursday e beinge shireffe ot the
shire Mr. llumifrey Lea who cam in withe y° iudges upon

EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY. 345

Wensday before in y° afternoon© with a goodly company in
brave order in tlie whiclie assyses all those pryson's wch were
cast had their booeks & were savid so there was non put
awaye.

This yeare & the Slh daye of August beinge Soonday a
Walshe boye of Thomas Gittins of Franckvill goinge in the
morninge withe a trotting mare towarrds the iillcle and rydinge
uppon the same was thrownc downe of hir uppon his head and
so broosyd yfj lie nev' spake woorde but diced presently after.

1G00-1 Mr. William Joanes & Mr. Tho'as Lewis Baylyffs.

This yeare & the thrid day of October 1G00 beinge the
Friday next after M\*ghclmas daye the asuall daye for the
elect'on of the newe Baylyffs & oihe's for the towne of
Shreusburie were chossen the sayd Mr. Wm Joanes & Mr.
Thomas Lewis beinge botho Alderme' Baylyffs as y3 aforcsayd
& John Gittins butcher common sergia't and the other two
sargiants were to say John Buttery weav' sergia't to Mr.
BalyfYe Joanes and Thomas Maninge draper s'giaunt to Mr.
Baylyffe Lewis. And it is further to be noticl y' the Electors
weare longe tyme in controv'sy in agreinge upon the commun
sergiant beinge two in force of elect'on to saye John Gittins &
Fraunc's Bettoon notwithstandinge at the ennd they all agreeid
that their severall names shulld be bothe putt into the bagge
and the towne clarcke to pull owt one of them and he yfc was
by hym puld owt shulld be common sergia't and so he pullid
owt the sayd John Gittins who had the office as aforesayd &
so was all endid.

This yeare Henry Earle of Pembrooke beinge Lord President
of the Marches of Wales departed this present lyfe in l^ecember
A0 d'ni 1G00 and was buried at London in Lennt followingo
withe greate solempnitie he contynued in this sayd office but
yc space of xiijte yeares.

This yeare and in the moonthe of Januarie were apointcd by
the sayd Baylyffs serten to brewe beere and ale for the towne
of Shrcwsberry and to nut downe all pan brewars especially
common alehouses that usedd bruinge but the inholders might
yf they thought beast to brewe for the utterance and provision
of them selves and inter! ayneme't of their ghcasts.

This yeare and the 10/v daye of February cam sertificats to
all Sherrell's baylyffs and officers in hir mtia name all England
over and the sayde daye to the Baylyvcs of this Towne of
Shrewsbery wUl greate chardge in hir mti; name for dilligent
wetehe and warde and to kepe theire towne and liberties in
good order and peace, and to siippresse all t.umowls, unlawful!
assemblis and rebellion yl might happen,

346 EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY.

The xvth of Februarie cam downe to Shreusburie datid the
9th of February a.p'clarnaeon as conceminge ye rysinge of th.e
sayd Earle [of Essex] and disobedience used to my L. Keeper
beinge chyffe iudge of England and others in loekinge them
upp in his house beinge sennd for.

This yeare & the xxiij£/i of Marche was the greate assyse
in Bridgenorthe beinge Shirreff for the shire Sr Frances
Newport beinge a woorthy & a valiant man.

This yeare & in the beginninge of June corne was deare to
say wheate at 8s. 6d. and rye at 7s. and for want of gresse &
scarsnes of money all kin do of cattell resonably chepe as to
say horses kyne and sheepe.

This yeare to say all the moonthe of June & July was ex-
treeme liott drie and dustie yfc the grasse in many places for
the most p't burn id verey sore that haye becam so deare to
say 15s. IGs. 18s. & 20s. and upwards for the loade of heye as
the loads were and smale gressinge for cattell.

This yeare and in these BaylyfYs tymes the towne seassions
of gaole delyvi' in Shreusberie was holden the xvj and xvij/A
daye of July where there were many prysoners but only one
executed callyd Bowckley and the roast savid under the value
but were poonnyshed and whippid.

This yeare & the 80 of July beinge Thursdaye the greate
Assise was kept in Shreusburie wch contynewed 3 clayes beinge
Shyrrefie of the Shire Sr Frances Newport, the iustices therof
were Justes Walmsby Sc iustice Warberton bothe of the
common place unto the wch assyse cam mutche people by
reasonn of the fayrc and sysses chanced to coom toq-eather
notwithstandinge lot he gent ill' & yome' sparid their" purses
mone)r beinge scant and many beinge neere the towne cam on
foote and the horseme' sutche as were made short karyeinge :
the iudgs cam into the towne upon Thursdaye morninge and
contynewyd unto Saterday eveningc and the' departed no
further the' master Owens of Coondor at wch assyses were
many prison's but were all savid. God graunt the'^ grace to
amend Amen.

This yeare and the G day of August 1G01 there were
sowldiars sennt into Ireland owt of Shropshire to say the
number of 50 wlierof the towne & liberties did furnyshe and
sennt 3 the names of whom were Thomas ap Thomas laborar
Danyell Morris sherman and another of the liberties whose
name was Edward Cloobb butclier dwellingc at Montfords
bridge and dep'tid all towards Bnstowe y° same daye.

This yeare and the 24 day ot* September A° prod' there were
chose' in the castell of Salop knights for the shire .Mr. Hover

EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY.

347

Owen Esquire and Mr. Thomas Egertoon my Lord Keepers
soon to gyve attendance on the parliment apointid to begin at
Westmester the 24 of October next ensuinge but reiornid 3
days further.

1G01-2 Rychard Hyggns & Thomas Joanes Baylyffs.

This yeare and y° sccoond day of October 1601 beinge
Fryday next after Mihelmas daye the usuall daye for ye
election of the newc Baylyffcs & offic's for the towne of
Shrewsbery were chosen the sayd .Mr. Rychard Hyggins tann'
and Mr. Thorn' Joanes soon unto .Mr. William Joanes draper,
Eaylyffs and William Bowdelar sherma' common sergia't and
the other two sergiants were Willyam Hurst shoomacker sergiant
to Mr. BaylyfT Hyggyns and Thomas Davis taylor s'gia't to
Mr. Baylyn J oanes.

This yeare and the (jilt daye of October 1G01 beinge Teus-
day in the morni'ge was a lyttlo howsc of Thomas Jones shoo-
maker beinge upon the \Valshe bridge over the water in
Shreusbcrie som p't of it burnt withe fyer wch cam by mys-
chance of the snoiiinge of a caundle wherin he lost mutche of
hys stuffe & apparrell to his greate hinderance & partly un-
doings

This yeare & ye loth day of October beinge Thursday were
chosen burgesses of the parlyment for the towne of Shreus-
bcrie Mr. Reignold Scryve' esquire and Mr. John Barker of
Hamoondc in the choise of whom was greate adoe.

There is further to be noted the comen sargiant whiche
Avas chossen this ycre lor the towne of Shreusbery Willia'
Bowdelar by name as aforesayd after he had taken his othc
wolld not be bonde to the same and gave ov' ye same and in
his place was chose' and swoorne Robert Ball glov' who
sup])lyethc the place for this yeare.

This yeare & the 20 th daye of October one Mr. Roger Luter
was buried in Saynt Chadds in Shreusbery who had ben thrise
Baylyfe of the sayd towne and was also Aldcrma' <fcc but
gave over his eloko because he gave hym sellfe to dwell in the
coontrey and toward his later dayes repayreed into the towne
agayne where he dyeed, lice was -14 yeares ollde when he was
fyrst made baylyfe wch was in ye yeare of or Lord God 151.')
so y* lice Jyveed 90 yeares beinge a wisema' havin^'e las
memory & speeche to y° last howre God be praysed who lyeth
buried in the Lady Chappell as may apeere overheadd in sight
the pictures or proporc'on of Lute's sigmlieingc his aw'cietris
names wlieo made the ruffe of the same beinge therimder
buried he was a gentil1 of smalc launds yeat by liis wisdoom
countenance and wise govcrnme't bare it owt wth sutcho

348

EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY.

credit that twise his betters did not here the licke portt of
humanytie.

This yeare and upon Christmas daye in the morninge
throughe grete tempests of weather and rayne that Severn
water did rise in the suburbs of Shreusberie into the in-
habitants bowses there wch contynowed 5 dayes together yfc the
pea]>le there keapt a loft in theire chamberes withe sutche
p'vision the had or conlld be brought to them by water and at
the 5th dayes ennd began to fall that the inhabitants might
goe downe to their bowses, but wthin two days followinge it
did rise agayne within a foote of the same height wch con-
tynewicl two dayes beinge a very hevye Christmas & discom-
fortablc to the sayd inhabytaunts for it troublyd them sore in
washinge downe their walles ovens & furnascs to their greate
hinderance & losses besides.

This yeare & the 2S daye of January beinge ye Thusday
before Candclmas day A0, p'd Syvern water did ryse agayne
into the said suburbes of Shrewsberie into those formar
peoples howses but not so highe as the first water was by
threequarte' of a yard and wennt downe the next day after
but did smale hurtt, so that so often of risinge & slowinge of
waters fyrst and last so neere together of sutche contynuanee
wth extreeme wyndes hathe not been scene this himdreed
yeares before.

This yeare and the Sth of March c was the greate assize for
thys tyme keapt at Bridge northe beinge ShyrrifTe of the shyre
Mr. Francis Newtoon1 who dyd welcom in the iudggs there
very soberly and wysely to hys crcadid.

This yeare and about the myds of Trynitie tearm beinge in
June A0, p'd the Lord Edward Sowehe was made Lorde
President of the Marches of Wales who cam not downe unto
Ludlow castell to take there Ids place before the 14th daye of
August followinge Cod sennd hym longe lyffe to e'ioye the
same wth m'cye k iustice Amen.

This yeare and the Vdth daye of July was the greate assyze
keapt in Shrewsbury e but the iudgis cam in the day before
conducted by the Sherref of the sayd sliiro whose name was
master Francis Newton2 very bravely brought in by hym
beinge a sober and wyse gcntilman wliiclie keapt an opne'
house bothe for vie tell and beere coom that coom wouUdat
whiche assize were condempned 4 persons wherof were but 3
executed and the fourthe beinge beggvd of the Judggs by the
Shirref and freends was from the tree backe againe oc savid.

1 2 Of Heightlcy, grandson of Sir Peter N'ewton, Shen0 in 1503.
Arms : — ar<j.} a cross formee lleury, $«. ends or. — Blakeway'a Shenfo,

EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY.

349

This yeare and in this moonthe of August were men pressyd
in Shropshire to say the number of 50 p'sonns for Irelaund of
the wch number the towne of Shrewsberie did fyndc two
p'sonns.

This yeare and against Lammas daye were most p't of
Englaund ov' p'vydid for one kinde of bushell afte' the order of
London or Winchester measure wch mesure is lesse than the
olid usual bushell by a pecke so that the newe bushell is but
three whoopes and after that order to be rebatid in the price
of the olid bushell in Shreusber as also in other townes and
places accordingc to their prises and sysees notwtbstandingc
som towards Wales and Chester do stande against the altera-
e'on because they say it was not agreid by p'lymc't the whichc
is contrarie to reason scinge one equall measure ought to bo
all England ov' whichc is more commendable then one syze of
measure in one place and a nether in another place to dyrfer
mutche from another and of sondry alterac'ons bcinge under-
nethe one prynce and iurisdic'on.

This yeare and in this moonthe of Septe'ber harvist was
slacke beingc a weery harvest the tyme beinge most p't moyst
that there was aboondanec of gresse evi' where and the
cornc in many places cloggid with tarr and the wether so un-
certa3mc that neyther corne nor heye cowld scant in season be
takin in notwithstanding^ for all that there was plenty al-
thoughe the harvist was long and a late harvist by means
wherof the newe lyttill bushell of wheate cam to 4s. 4td. and
4s. Sd. and so all other graine accordinge to the same rate, all
garden seedes as onyons porwt beancs pease and other mounted
all upp to the topp and cam to no p'fect perfect'on for lackc of
warmc and drie weather especially onynions wch roon upp into
the blade that shulkl have ben in tlie headd and the onyon seeds
for lackc of drought and dryc weather fell owt to be quassed
and eaten wth birds that were great e losse in them, Smale
store of mast, small store of aples pearcs and plumbs and
especially in the coontreys of Worcester and Glocest' wch
countrcys were never woorit to fayle so that those coontreys
wch Were woorit to be refreshid withe greatc store of cyder and
perye now shall fayne to macke them drincke of mailt wch will
cause mailt in those coontreys to be deere. Also hopps this
yeare are scaunt in most ])laces that the C weight was solid at
Sturbridge favre for xli and by rctale here in Slirewsbeiy for
ijs. ijs. 4c/. and 3s. the pounde and non p'fett good to be gott'n
the wch excessyve piyse were nev' hard of before.

This yeare uppon Myehaellmas even and the day also did
fall a greate snowe and frost withe all whichc hathe ben silden

350

EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY.

seene wdl snowe did beate downe mutche corn whiche did then
growe and hay lyeinge a broade but God bo praysed did not
longe tarrie but hinderid sore the latter ennd of harvist.

1G02-3 Mr. John Perche Aid' vV; Mr. Roger Marshall Baylyffs.
This yeare 1G02 and the first day of October beinge the
Fryday next after Mycha8 day beinge the usuall day for the
choosinge of newe Baylyffs for the towne of Salop the 25
persons that wenht in to rho elect' on howse keapt there from
Friday one of the clocke untill Saturday G of the clocke at
night and at leangthe agreid and made Mr. John Pearche and
Mr. Marshall Baylyffs as aforesayd and Rycliard Fawckner
corviser common sergiant and the other two sergiants were
Andrew Warner taylor & Rycbard Karris taylor to say Warner
sergia't to master Bayly rib Pearche and Harris sergiant to Mr
Baylyff Marshall.

this yeare and the 30 day of January A0. 1G02 beinge Soon-
daye dep'tid this lyfe the woorthy Mrs. Elnor Myttoon late
wyfe of Mr. Rycliard Myttoon esquire shee was buried the

of 90 yeares she was of greate birthe and verey good to the
poore vertious & godly she wollcl dayly pray most devoutly 3
whole howres before noon & 3 whoale howres in the afternoone
& never stoore but those tymes uppon hir knees, the God of
peace no doubt hathe rsa hir to his m'cye Amen.

This yeare and the xujth daye of Marche A° 1G02 bemcre
Munday the greate Assize was keapt in Shreusberye for the
sliire who was Sheirefe of the saycl shire Mr. Roger Kynnastoon1
beinge iustes of peace dwellinge in Hordley who cam into the
towne wth the iudgges the xiijf/t day of Marche in the after
noone beinge the Soonday before wth a goodly company bothe
of li37s owne men in ly verey and his well willers k their
retynewe about 2.">0 p'soons keepinge a greate port in the
sayde towne, there was so many prison's and number of
Isiprics wch caused grett multituds of people to resort the
whiche by the quieke dispatch of the sayd iugges sittinge
early and late dispatched bothe the gaole & all by Wensday at
noone and then dep'tid towards Stafford in the wch greate
assize was condemnid but one man beinge Hughe ap Huin-
freys base soon of the Crigge' who was executed uppon Thurs-
day in the morninge next followinge & a number burnid in
y° haund.

1 Grandson of Humphrey Kynaston ("Wild Humphrey"), ofMarton
in Lordship of Knockin, and great nephew of Sir Thos. Kyimaston ,
of Hordley, SherifT in 1500. Arms : — ;i lir>n nuupaut, sa.,
quartering erm.y a chevron <jh. — Blakcway's Sheriffs.

EAIILY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY. 351

There was a prentise of Salop y° 1G of Marche in holdings
the iudggis horses to be in a redynes against they dynid sore
broosed by the fall of a rotten pcece of tymber wc]k fell a lofte
from under a wyndowc ncre where the iudggis cam into dyner
through e y° lcaningc owt of serten people to see the iudges
com from the hall the wch prentise is in greate clanger to
recov' it.

This ycare and the VWi clay of M'che there was a general!
watehe and eommandid to be warely keapt bothe night and
day wch is observyd in this towne of Shreusberye acordingely
God save the Queencs MUe Amen.

The 27 of Marche A° p'dicto beinge Soonday Kinge James
was proclaymid in the afternoone of the same daye in the
towne of Shreusbery by the Baylyifs Alderme' in theire
skarlet gownes wth the woorslripfull and the rest of tlie
commons wth sownde of troompets & droomes worthely and
ioyfully in castinge up theire haundes and shakinge of hatts &
capps in sainge God save kinge .fames. Amen.

The 28 of Marche beinge Aloonday the SherrifTe of Shrop-
shire then beinge whose names was Jusiiece Kinnaston wth
the Juistices and gentill' of the shire cam to Shreusbery wth
theire greate horses and proclamyd there wth sownde of
troompit in licke solemne man' for the shire to say James the
first kinge of England France cvc Ireland dec.

This yeare in the later ennde of Marche and beginni'ge of
Aprill tlie wynde dyd rise verey extreemly whiche did con-
tynewe 4 dayes clay & night wch did mutche hurt in many
places.

This yeare and the 217// day of July A0 1G03 the coimsell of
the Marches of Wales cam to Shreusberye and tlie scale cam 4
dayes before and they contynewyd the tearme and vakant
tyme till the 7th day of October foliowinge and so departid to
Ludlowe wth scale and all vvch was abowt a moonthe after
Michalmas.

Such are the extracts which I have made from Dr.
Taylors quaint old MS. Chronicle relating to Shrop-
shire general ly, and especially to Shrewsbury. They
cannot fail to amuse and interest the reader by their
special phraseology, tlie minute particularity with
which events, even those which to us appear trivial,
are related, and the insight afforded into the circum-
stances, habits and customs of the writer's period.
Very many incidents and events known from oilier

352

EARLY CHRONICLES OF SHREWSBURY.

sources receive ample and particular confirmation.
Many new and. unknown circumstances and events are
recorded, as for example, the cause of the burning of
Shiffnal Church, the building of the Market Hall at
Shrewsbury, the early supply of conduit water to the
town of Shrewsbury, the purchase of the land on which
the springs arise, and the gradual and successive way
in which the conduiting apparatus was perfected, the
benefactors to whom we owe this comfort, and many
others which do not at a moment recur to recollection.
The writer was evidently a contemporary of the cir-
cumstances which he details, and was a close observer
of what occurred around him. This renders his narra-
tion the more valuable as relating to an age in which

o o

newspapers were not, and in which the every day
occurrences of a provincial town would otherwise have
sunk into utter oblivion. Words are often used in a
peculiar and unusual sense — one only example may
suffice, the word " murthered " being used indifferently
of wilful or accidental death. On concluding our
perusal, one cannot fail to exclaim in the oft- quoted
expression of our great national poet, Shakspeare : " I
could not wish a better chronicler than Griffiths."

353

LORD HERBERT OF CHIRBURY'S MSS.

By H. F. J. VAUGHAN, Esq.

Among the many ancient and illustrious families which
have been given to her country by our county or which
are connected with our county, there are perhaps few
who, from their position and antecedents, create a
greater interest than that of Herbert. It matters
little, perhaps, whether we regard their ancestor Henry
Fitzherbert as Chamberlain of King Henry I. (with
Ralph Brooke, York Herald), or as the natural son of
that Monarch as other genealogists avow, it is certain
that he was a person of some standing, since his grand-
son Herbert Fitz Herbert, son of Herbert Fitz Henry,
was considered a fitting husband for the Lady Lucy
Eitz waiter, in her own right Lady of the Forest of
Deane and sister and co-heir of her brother Henry
Fitz waiter Earl of Hereford and Constable of England,
who was slain by his servant in the 24th year of Henry
the Second's reign. Lady Lucy was daughter of Milo
Fitzwalter, who was created Earl of Hereford by Maud
the Empress (6 Stephen), her mother being Sibell
daughter and heir of Bernard Newmarch Lord of
Brecon by conquest, (gules 5 fusils in fess, or). Milo
was the son of Walter of Gloucester, Constable of Eng-
land during Wm the Conqueror's time, by Emma
sister of Hamelyn Balune Lord and Baron of Aberga-
venny. This match in itself was sufficient to make
Herbert Fitzherbert a man of note, and to gain respect
for his coat of gules, 3 lions rampant or, now the blazon
of the Lord of the Forest of Deane.

Vol. hi at

354

lord Herbert's mss.

Peter the son of Herbert Fitzherbert received from
King John the third part of Brecknock and by Alice
dr of . . . S1^ John (arg. on a chief gu. 2 mullets or.)
was father of Reginald Fitz Peter, lord and Baron of
Llanlloverny, who married Joan daughter of William
de Fortibus ; he was the last to use the old family arms
of gules 3 lions rampant or, since his son and heir
Peter Fitz Reginald altered the tinctures of the shield
and bore party per pale azure and gules 3 lions rampant
argent. By his wife Alice daughter of Blethyn Brod-
spere Peter was father of Herbert Fitz Peter who lived
in the time of Edward I. and married Margaret daughter
of Sir John Welsh, Knight (erm, a bend gu.),hy whom he
was father of Adam Fitzlierbert lord of Llanhowel. He
increased the wealth and inliuence of the family by his
marriage with Christian daughter and sole heir of
Gwarin Ddy who bore the arms of the ancient Kings of
Gwent, party per pale apure and sable 3 flours de lis or.
They had issue Sir Thomas Fitz Adams lord of Llan-
howel by some called ancestor of the family of Ap Adam
and Adams, and a second son Jenkin or John lord of
Gwernddu by gift of his mother ; he married Gwenllian
daughter of Sir Aaron ab Bledri K* (arg. 3 bulls heads
sa.), and was succeeded by his son William, husband of
Gwenllian daughter of Howel Ychan, Esep, and father
of a fourth son Thomas of Perthien who married Maud
daughter and co-heir of Sir John Morley K* (arg. a lion
ramp1 sa., crowned or), by whom he had several sons, the
eldest of whom was Sir William ab Thomas, lord of Rag-
lan who married Gwladys daughter of Sir David Gam.

Howel the fourth son of Thomas son of William was
lineal ancestor of the family of Vaughan of Courtfield
Co. Hereford. The eldest son Sir William ab Thomas
was father of several children concerning whom there is
some little difference in the different Pedigrees. Brooke
makes Sir George Herbert of St. Julia who married a
daughter of Sir Richard Croft and also Sir Walter
Herbert who married the Lady Anne sister of Edward
Stall.ord Duke of Buckingham, sons of this Sir William,

LORD HEBBEItT S MSS.

355

while other authorities place Sir George a generation
later and this is probably to be preferred.

The eldest son of Sir William ab Thomas was William
Herbert created Earl of Pembroke and the third son
Sir Richard Herbert of Colebrook. The Earl of Pem-
broke was a great leader on the side of York in the
wars of the roses and so embroiled himself with several
of the chief families of Wales. He besieged David ab
Ieuan ap Einion in Harlech Castle of which he was
constable, and upon requiring him to surrender, received
for answer, that when formerly in France, he had there
held a castle until all the old women in Wales heard
of it, and now he would do the same in AVales until all
the old women of France heard of it, and so well did he
keep his word that finally Lord Pembroke, unable to
obtain possession of the castle by other means, allowed
him and his men to depart upon their own terms having
given his word for their safety. When however Edward
IV. heard of it he refused to ratify Lord Pembroke's
promise, whereupon in the true spirit of nobility the
Earl requested his sovereign to take his life for that
of the Lancastrian leader, and when Edward still
hesitated, told 'him plainly that rather than break his
plighted word he would restore David ap Ieuan to his
stronghold and he (the king) might get him out of it if
he could. The Earl however at a later period of his
life failed in the Godlike quality of mercy, even ap-
parently in the opinion of his own brother Sir Richard
Herbert, for having apprehended seven brothers in
Anglesey, the sons of a widow, he ordered them all to
be put to death, and when their mother in the plenitude
of her distress came and knelt before him and prayed
him to spare at least her youngest son, in accents of
such deep pathos that the hearts of all were touched,
and Sir Richard Herbert himself seconded her request,
his brother turned a deaf ear to all entreaties and
hardened his heart against their prayers, commanding
them all to be executed together, which having been
done the miserable mother in the depth of her affliction

356

lord Herbert's mss.

came into his presence and falling upon her knees cursed
him in the name of Almighty God, invoking the Divine
vengeance upon him in the next battle wherein he
might be engaged. This was the fatal field of Edgcote
near Banbury where Lord Fitzhugh defeated the forces
of the white rose and took prisoner both the Earl of
Pembroke and his gallant brother Sir Richard Herbert
of Colebrook, who were beheaded.

By his wife Anne sister of Sir Walter Devereux,
Lord Ferrers of Chart ley, the Earl of Pembroke had
issue William, George of Sl Julians, Cecily wife of
Lord Greystoke, Anne wife of J ohn Grey Lord Powis,
and others. William the eldest son exchanged his title
of Pembroke for that of Huntingdon, and having married
Mary daughter and co-heir of Richard Earl Elvers, had
issue a sole daughter and heiress Elizabeth, who carried
by marriage the great possessions of her forefathers to
Charles Somerset Earl of Worcester. Besides his
legitimate children the Earl of Pembroke had two
natural sons by Maud daughter and heir of Adam ab
Howel ab Philip Graunt ; of these the elder Pilchard
Herbert Dclu was ancestor of the subsequent line of
Earls of Pembroke and the Marquises and Duke of
Powis of Powis Castle, the second, Sir William Herbert
of Troy, was ancestor of the families of Adams and
Lloyd.

We must now return to Sir Richard Herbert the
brother of Lord Pembroke, who was a man renowned
for qualities of body and mind, being a full head taller
than ordinary men and one of the bravest of his
brother's captains. By his wife Margaret sister of
the celebrated Sir Rhys ab Thomas he had issue
Sir Richard Herbert of Montgomery Castle, Gentleman
Usher of the Privy Chamber to Henry VIII. and
Constable of Abergavenny Castle, who married Anne
daughter of Sir David ab Einion ab Llewelyn Vaughan,
by whom he had issue Edward Herbert son and heir,
who married Elizabeth daughter of Matthew Price of
Newtown Co. Montgomery, by Jane his wife, daughter

lord Herbert's mss.

357

of Llewelyn Vaughan ab Morgan ab Sir David Gam.
This family of Price was of considerable importance in
those parts both on account of its very extensive
possessions, its descent from Elystan Glodrydd Prince
of Ferlis and its many alliances with powerful Welsh
houses. Madoc, lord of Keri (or Kerry), one of their
ancestors in the female line, was a hostage for Prince
Llewelyn ab lorwerth and was put to death by John
of England in 1213.

Edward Herbeic and Elizabeth his wife had three
sons, Richard, Matthew of Dolgeog ancestor of the
Earls of Powis, and Charles of Aston Co. Montgomery.
His grandson, the celebrated Lord Herbert of Cher-
bury, says of him (Edward), " My grandfather was of a
various life be^•innino, first at court where after he had
spent most part of his means he became a soldier and
made his fortune with his sword at St. Quentin's in
France and other wars both in the North and in the
rebellions happening in the times of King Edward VI.
and Queen Mary, with so good success that he not only
came off still with the better but got so much money
and wealth as enabled him to buy the greatest part of
that livelyhood which is descended to me." He then
relates an adventure of tin's Edward near Llandinam
when upon an expedition against certain outlaws, the
chief of whom shot an arrow which stuck in the pommel
of Sir Edward Herbert's saddle, upon his remon-
strating the outlaw replied that he was only sorry he
had left his better bow at home which would probably
have carried the arrow into Sir Edward's body, It
was this Sir Edward who erected Blackball where his
hospitality was so great that a saying became current
in that neighbourhood whenever any game was seen,
" Fly where thou wilt thou wilt light at Blackball."

The eldest son and heir of Sir Edward, Richard
Herbert of Montgomery Castle, has been portrayed by
his son in the following words : — " I remember (him)
to hove been black-haired and bearded as all my an-
cestors of his side are said to have been, of a manly or

358

loud Herbert's mss.

somewhat stern look but withal very handsome and
well compact in his limbs and of a great courage/' He
was Justice of the Peace, Deputy Lieutenant, and
Cnstos Rotulorum of the county as his father before
him had been. He understood well the Latin Tongue
and was well versed in History. He married Magdalen
the youngest daughter of Sir .Richard Newport of
Ercal, by Margaret daughter and heir of Sir Thomas
Bromley, a Privy Council lor and executor of Henry VIII.,
who brought with her a very great estate. Lord Her-
bert of Cherbury (Edward) observes " By these an-
cestors I am descended of Talbot, Devereux, Grey,
Corbet and many other noble families."

But before proceeding further it is worthy of remark
that whereas the monument of the 1st Earl of Pem-
broke, who was buried in Tintern Abbey, has been
effaced and destroyed, his brother Sir Richard " lyeth
buried in Abergavenny in a sumptuous monument for
those times which still remains/'1

The Newport s are a very old Shropshire family, and
their ancestor William, who was of High Ercall temp.
Ed. IV., married Elizabeth the eldest of the four
daughters and coheirs of Sir John Burgh Knio-ht of Mow-
ddwy. Their son John Newport who died Oct. 31st 1512
(vide Bridgman's Princes of S. Wales), married Alice
daughter of Sir Thomas S winner ton (arg. a cross flory
set.), and had issue Thomas Ne^wport who died circa
1549, having married Agnes (or Anne) daughter of Sir
Robert Corbet K*. of More ton Corbet (whose wife was
Elizabeth daughter of Sir Henry Vernon of Tong
Castle, Salop, and Haddon Hall Co. Derby, by Lady
Anne Talbot daughter of the second Earl of Shrews-
bury, Sir Robert Corbet's father being Sir Richard, who
married Elizabeth daughter of Walter Devereux, Lord
Ferrers of Chart ley).

Tins Thomas Newport and Anne (or Agnes) his wife
were the father and mother of Sir Richard Newport of

1 There is an engraving <>f the line nion.li men t ill emigres of Sir
Richard Herbert in Cox's Monmouthshire, p. 188.

LORD HERBERT'S MSS.

359

High Ercall who died Septr. 12, 1570, having married
as before said Margaret daughter and heir of Lord
Chief Justice Sir Thomas Bromley (she died Aug*. 10.
1598). The ancestor of this House Sir Walter cle
Bromley is said to have married Alicia sole heiress of
Warin de Burwardesley (quarterly per fess indented gu.
and or), from whom descended in succession Geoffrey,
Richard, Ralph, John living 1335, whose second son
William married Amabilla heiress of William Chetilton,
(his elder brother having a sole daughter and heiress
Letitia wife of John Cholmondeley of Chorley). The
eldest son of William Bromley, John, married Agnes
daughter of J ohn Trent ham and had issue a son Walter,
father by Johanna daughter of Richard de Delves ap
Roger, who married Jane heiress of Richard Mitley (des-
cended from Iestyn ab Gwrgan). This brought Mitley
into the family. Roger (the eldest son of Roger, jure
uxoris of Mitley) married a coheir of David Browne of
Malpas (gu. on a fess arg. 3 roses of the held), and had
issue with others two sons who left issue, 1 William
married Beatrix daughter of Humphrey Hill of Blore
and Buntingsdale, and had issue George who continued
this line, Jane wife of Richard Sandford of Lee and
Edgton (vide infra), Joan wife of Rowland Jennens and
Dorothea wife of William Leighton. 2. Roger another
son of Roger and brother of the William last mentioned,
married Jane daughter of Thomas Jennings and had
issue Sir Thomas the Chief Justice, who by Elizabeth
daughter of Richard Lyster of Rowton, Co. Salop (and
his wife Christ abel daughter and heir of Fitzherbert
of Staffordshire), was father of Margaret wife of Sir
Richard Newport.

But to return to Magdalen wife of Sir Richard
Herbert. She survived her husband several years and
went to live in Oxford in order that she might be
near her sons who were educated in that University.
After twelve years of widowhood she married Sir John
Danvers brother of Henry Earl of Dauby (by whom
however she had no issue), and dying July 11th, 1627,

360

lord Herbert's mss.

was buried at Chelsea, leaving behind her a character
for the most exalted piety, virtue and prudence. For
the present purpose it will only be necessary to men-
tion two of the seven sons of Sir Richard and Lady
Herbert. Of their three daughters Elizabeth married
Sir Henry Jones of Abermarlais, Margaret married John
Vaughan of Llediarth, and F ranees married Sir John
Brown of Kirby Co. Lincoln. I cannot however pass
over without mention that singularly excellent Divine
known far and wide for his saintliness, George Herbert,
the Poet, Rector of Bemerton, of whom Isaac Walton
says " He died like a Saint unspotted of the world,
full of Alms-deeds, full of humility and all the examples
of virtuous life." He was born at Montgomery Castle
April 3rd, 1593, where lie collected a choice Library,
which however was dispersed when the Castle was
destroyed by the Cromwellian soldiery, and died of con-
sumption in 1635 without issue. The eldest son and
heir Sir Edward Herbert was created Lord Herbert of
Cherbury, and was one of the most remarkable and
celebrated men of his day. In his autobiography he
mentions that he was of a delicate constitution, so much
so that he was not allowed to learn anything until he
was seven years of age. At the age of fifteen he
married Mary the daughter and heiress of his kinsman
Sir William Herbert of St. G Lilians (or Julian's), she
being at that time one and twenty. This marriage took
place at Eyton Co. Salop, 28 Fel>v., 1598, and though
they had several children yet finally his granddaughter
Florence, the wife of Richard Herbert of Oakley, carried
off the bulk of his wealth and became the ancestress of
the Earls of Powis. Besides his Autobiography and
History of Henry VIII. Lord Herbert wrote several
other works, among which were a treatise " He Re-
Mgipne Gentilium, Expeditio Buckinghami Ducis in
Insulam Ream "and "-De Veritate prout distinguitur
a Revelatione verisimili, possibili, et a falsO." He also
left a volume of his correspondence when Ambassador
at the Court of Louis XIII.

lord Herbert's mss.

301

It is the subsequent History and descent of these
two last volumes which it is proposed to give. And
when we consider the man who wrote it and. the history
of its publication, the autograph of the latter of the
two especially well merits the name of a most interest-
ing Sln'opshire Manuscript ; indeed so precious is it
held, where it is now placed, that the student who wishes
to see or consult it must go to its place, since being
a " select manuscript " it is not allowed to be brought
to the Reading room, thus shewing the precautions
taken and care bestowed on these treasured volumes
by their guardians.

Lord Herbert's account is as follows : " My book
c De Veritate prout distinguitur a Revelatione veri-
simili, possibili et a false,' having been begun by
me in England and formed there in all its parts,
was about this time finished. All my spare hours
which I could get from my visits and negotiations,
being employed to perfect this work, which was no
sooner done, but that i communicated it to Hugo
Grotius, that great scholar, who having escaped his
prison in the low countreys came into France and was
much welcomed by me and M. Tieleuers, also one of
the greatest scholars of his time, who after they had
perused it and given it more commendations than it is
fit for me to repeat, exhorted me earnestly to print
and publish it ; howbeit as the frame of my whole
book was so different from anything which had been
written heretofore, 1 found I must either renounce the
authority of all that I had written formerly concerning
the method of finding out truth, and consequently
insist upon my own way, or hazard myself to a general
censure concerning the whole argument of my book.
I must confess it did not a little animate me, that the
two great persons above-mentioned did so highly value
it; yet as 1 knew it would meet with much opposition,
I did consider whether it was not better for me, a while,
to suppress it. Being thus doubtful in my chamber,
one (air day in the summer, my casement being open

Vol. hi. au

362

lord Herbert's mss*

towards the south, the sun shining clear and no wind
stirring, I took my ' De Veritate ' in my hand, and
kneeling on my knees, devoutly said these words, ' O
thou eternal God, author of the light which now shines
upon me, and giver of all inward illuminations, I do
beseech thee of thine infinite goodness, to pardon a
greater request than a sinner ought to make. I am not
satisfied enough whether I shall publish this book ' De
Veritate ;' if it be for thy glory I beseech thee give me
some sign from heaven ; if not I shall suppress it.' I
had no sooner spoken these words, but a loud, though
gentle noise came from the heavens (for it was like
nothing upon earth) which did so comfort and cheer
me, that I took my petition as granted, and that I had
the sign I demanded ; whereupon also, I resolved to
print my book. This (how strange soever it may seem)
I protest before the eternal God is true, neither am I
any way superstitiously deceived herein, since I did not
only clearly hear the noise, but in the serenest skye
that ever I saw, being without all cloud, did to my
thinking see the place from whence it came. And now
I sent my book to be printed in Paris at my own cost
and charges &c,"

Such is the account Lord Herbert himself gives of
this volume, which is still extant, and which, if we can-
not say he exactly regarded as inspired, still at least he
believed to have received the sanction and approval of
Heaven itself. The autograph copy of his work he
gave to his brother Sir Henry Herbert, the sixth son of
his father and mother. Lord Herbert, speaking of him,
says li My brother Henry, alter he had been brought
up in learning as my other brothers were, was sent by
his friends into France, where he attained the language
of that country in much perfection, after which time he
came to Court and was made Gentleman of the King's
Privy Chamber and Master of the Revells, by which
means, as also by a good marriage, ho attained to great
fortune for himself and posterity to enjoy. He also
hath given several proofs of his courage in duells and

lokd Herbert's mss.

3G3

otherwise, being in these dexterous in the ways of the
Court as having gotten much by it." Sir Henry
Herbert was a Gentleman of the Chamber to Charles I.,
having been previously made Master of the Revels and
Knighted by James I. at Wilton, Aug. 7, 1623, and it
is related of him that shortly before the King's murder
he met in Hyde Park his kinsman, Thomas Herbert,
one of the Grooms of the Bedchamber, through whom
he sent a message desiring him to let his Majesty know
that he would gain comfort by reading the 2nd
chapter of Ecclesiasticus, which the King having done
sent a message of thanks to Sir Henry, commending
him at the same time as an accomplished courtier and
faithful in his service. Sir Henry's estate at Ribbes-
ford, near Bewdley, Co. Worcester, was confiscated by
the Parliament, but he compounded for it by paying a
fine of £1,3 SO. He lived to sit as member for Bewdley,
after the Restoration, and by his wife Elizabeth,
daughter of Sir Robert Dalby, of OfHey, left with other
issue a son, Henry, member lor Worcester at the Parlia-
ment held in Oxford, March, 1680-1. On April 28th,
1G94, he was created Lord Herbert of Cherbury, and
died Jan. 22nd, 170S-9, being buried in St. Paul's
Churchyard, Co vent Garden. By his wife Anne,
daughter and coh. of . . . Ramsay, he had issue an
only son, Henry, sixth Lord Herbert of Chirbury, who
married, Dec. 12th, 1709, Mary, sister of the first Earl
of Portsmouth, but died April, 1738, without issue, and
is buried at Ribbesford. The family estate passed to
Henry Herbert Motley, who dying in 1781 it came into
the possession of his sister, who died unmarried in 1782,
when she willed it away to her relatives on the Morley
side.

But to return to the issue of Sir Henry Herbert.
His daughter Mary (the sister of Henry who was
created Lord Herbert of Cherbury in 1694) married
Richard Walker of Wooton in the Parish of Onibury,
Co. Salop, and both were interred in the Parish Church
there ; Richard Walker on 18 Jan., 1GGG, and Mary

364

lord Herbert's mss.

his wife on the 1 3th Juno, 1673. This Richard
Walker was son of Francis Walker of Wooton Hall,
and Stanton Lacy baptized at Onibury, 21 Dec, 1608,
who died at Ferney Hall, in the parish of Clungunford,
9th Jan., 1663, and whose wife, Rebecca, was buried at
Onibury, 14th Dec, 16S8. Francis was the son of John
Walker of Bringewood, in the parish of Berrington, Co.
Hereford, in 160S, whose wife, Jane, was buried on the
1st day of that year. This family of Walker was much
connected with South Shropshire; Gwillim says ei He
beareth gules a cross ragule between four lions heads,
erased argent crowned or by the name of Walker."
This coat was granted by Sir Edward Walker, Garter
the 20th Dec, 1660, "in the 12th year of King
Charles II., to Francis Walker of Bringwoocl, in the
County of Hereford, gent., because from the beginning
of the rebellion, with great courage, fidelity, and
activity, he asserted the cause and interest of King
Charles I., and therein engaged both his person and
fortune ; no ways desisting till the happy Restoration
of King Charles 11. was accomplished. In Blakeway's
Sheriffs of Shropshire the arms are given somewhat
differently, viz, gules a cross fieury between four lions
heads erased argent. This cast seems to be virtually
the same as that confirmed to Sir Thomas Leigh or Lee,
Lord Mayor of London in 1588, son of Roger Lee or
Leigh, of Wellington, Co. Salop, which was gules on a
cross between 4 unicorns heads erased or five roundels
azure. In Maiieian MS,, 1396, Joan, dan. of John
Baldwyn, is said to have married John Walker, alias
Leigh, of Stretton, and from another place we learn
that this family of Walker, alias Leigh, were the des-
cendants of the Lees or Leighs of Wellington, who
themselves descended from the family of High Leigh,
in Cheshire, Roger Leigh, of Wellington, being son of
Richard, son of John, son of Peter, son of Robert Leigh.
Richard Walker had issue by his wife, Mary (nee
Herbert), Martha, bap. at Onibury, 18 July, 1652,
Richard, bap. 30 Oct., 1653, Margaret, bap. 14 Sept.,

loud Herbert's mss.

365

1G54, Anne, interred 16 Jan., 1G71, and Job, bap. 25
Dec., 1656. Job Walker was of Stildon, in the parish
of Rock, near Bewdley, but afterwards was of Ferney
Hall, and was interred at Onibury, 15 Nov, 1712,
having married Hcbecca, daughter and co-heir of
Thomas, second Lord Folliott, 23 Aug., 1683, at
Dowles, near BewdJey ; she w°-s also buried at Onibury,
3rd April, 1726. By this match many relics of the
Folliotts came to the Walkers, and are still preserved
among their descendants.

This family of Folliott was much connected with
f Worcestershire, and a rather elaborate pedigree of them
is given in the Heralds' Visitations of that county.
William Folliott married Katherine, daughter and co-
heir of Peter Grecte, of Naunton, and his son William,
Isabel, daughter of John Berkeley, of Coberley ; their
son Hugh married Joan, daughter of Thomas Walwyn,
of Much Marcle, Co. Hereford, and was father of
Richard, who married Joan, daughter of ...
Verney ; Nicholas Folliott, their son, married Elizabeth,
daughter of Norman Washbourn, grandson of John
Washborn, by Joan, dan. of William Mitton, of Weston
under Lizzard, Co. Stafford, and his son, Francis Folliott,
married Avice, daughter and sole heir of Thomas
Tracey, of North Piddle, Co. Worcester, by whom he
was father of John Folliott, who married twice, firstly,
Barbara Littleton, and secondly, Elizabeth, daughter
and co-heir of John Moore, of Dunclent ; by the second
wife he had issue Thomas Folliott, of Pirton, Co.
Worcester, who married Katherine, daughter of Sir
William Lygon, of Madresfield, Co. Worcester. She
died in 1660, and was buried at Upton on Severn.

The ancient family of Lygon of Madresfield much in-
creased their estate by the marriage of Thomas Lygon
with Anne daughter and coheir of Sir Pilchard Beau-
champ of Powyc or Po^ ick, who bore gules a fess
between 6 marl lets or to distinguish his line from that
of the Earl$ of Warwick his kinsmen, who bore 6 cross-
lets in the place of the martlets. Sir Richard was

366

lord Herbert's mss.

living 25 Henry VI., and married Elizabeth daughter
of that Sir Humphrey Stafford of Grafton who was
slain by the rebels under Jack Cade and buried at
BromsQfrove. Elizabeth the elder coheir of Sir Richard
Beauchamp married Sir Robert Willoughby, Lord
Brooke. Sir Richard Lygon, son of Thomas and Ann,
(nee Beauchamp) married Margaret, daughter and heir
of William Grevill, and their son William, who died
8 Sep. 1567 and was buried at Malvern, married
Eleanor, daughter of Sir William Denys of Dynham Co.
Gloucester, whose wife Anne was the daughter of
Maurice (Harl, MS. 1543), son of James Lord Berke-
ley by Isabel, daughter of Thomas Mowbray, Duke of
Norfolk and representative of a branch of the family
of Plantagenet. The son of William Lygon and Eleanor
his wife, Richard Lygon of Maclresfleld married
Mary, daughter of Sir Thomas Russell of Strensham,
(she died 157G) and was by her father of Sir William
who gained the unenviable notoriety of having sold
many manors, and who by Elizabeth daughter of
Edmund Knight ley of Grandborough Co. Warwick (who
was burd at Malvern 28 March 1631) was father of
Katherine the wife of Thomas Folliott. Their son
Henry of Bally shannon Co. Sligo was made a Knight
by Robert Earl of Essex Sep G, 1599, and created a
Baron 22 Jan. 1639. lie married Anne daughter of Sir
William Strode of Stoke under Hampden Co. Somerset.
Edward Strode (ancester of Sir William) had married
Alice daughter of Robert Whiting, brother of the last
Abbot of Glastonbury.

Henry first Lord Folliott had by his wife Anne a son
and successor Henry on the deat h of his father second
Lord Folliott, born 1613, who married Rebecca French.
There are several portraits of himself and his lady in
existence and also of his son ; some are now in the
possession of his descendant Humphrey Sandford esq
of the Isle of Lip Rossall near Shrewsbury. The second
Lord Folliott left issue by his wile Rebecca, Henry
third Lord Folliott, who died without issue, when his

loud Herbert's mss.

367

three aunts became his coheirs. Of these the eldest
Rebecca married Job Walker of Ferney Hall of whose
issue presently ; the second coheir Mary married How-
land Baugh and had issue Thomas Folliott-Baugh and
a daughter Mary, wife of Francis Herbert, son of George
Herbert of Oakley Park, who married Martha, daughter
of John Newton of Heightley in 1693, and grandson of
Richard Herbert of Oakley Park, by Florentia, grand-
daughter and heiress of the celebrated Edward Lord
Herbert of Cherbury. Francis Herbert and Mary Baugh
had issue George, Henry, Folliott bap 12 Jan. 1728 at
Ludlow, and Mary, wife of Captain Frederick Cornewall
of Delbury Co. Hereford, by whom she was mother of
Herbert Walker Cornewall, late Bishop of Worcester.
The third coheir Elizabeth married twice, firstly Samuel
Powell of Stanedge Co. Radnor who died 1700, and
secondly Rev. Thomas Jones of Combe Co. Flint. By
the first husband she had issue Folliott, Samuel, and
Elizabeth, wife of Richard Knight of Ludlow, eldest son
of Richard Knight of Downton Castle Co. Hereford ;
their only child Elizabeth married Thomas Johnes of
Llanvairclydog, M.P. for Radnorshire, and had issue,
Thomas, Rev. Samuel, Elizabeth married Hanbury
Williams, 1770, and Anne who died unmarried.

But before quitting the family of Folliott the follow-
ing notices of it taken from Nash's History of Worcester-
shire maybe interesting. In the highest South window
of the body of Pert on Church in Mr. Habingdon s time
was painted coy ait a lion rampant queue furchee
purpure or gules, crowned or with these words " Sta
Katharina ora pro nobis." These arms of Stnry coming
to Foliot by some marriage are borne as Foliot's proper
coat whereas the ancient coat of Foliot is gules a bend
argent — It is worthy of remark that the coat given in
the Visitations of Worcestershire is Quarterly of 6.
argent a lion ramp*; purpure double queued and
crowned or — Folliott, 2 arg. on a chief gu, 3 stags
heads caboshed or — Greete, 3 or, a double bend gu
and in sinister chief an escallop sfcWe== Tracey 4.

368

lord Herbert's mss.

sable, a chevron between three crescents arc/. 5. azure
a bend or, cotized ermine, between 6 martlets of the
2nd. — Roger Folio t probably by marrying Margery
daughter and heir of William de Periton came into
possession of lands in Periton which descended to their
posterity. William Foliot 1372 had license from the
Priory in the vacancy of the See of Worcester to have
an oratory for celebrating Mass. The Foliot s were a
most ancient family and their first habitation was I
believe at Morton Foliot in the parish of Longdon.
From them descended Hugh Foliot Bishop of Hereford
1219 and of this name and perhaps family was Gilbert
Foliot Bishop of the same See in 1161, afterwards
translated to London, and Robert Foliot who was con-
secrated Bishop of Hereford by Thomas a Becket Arch-
bishop of Canterbury. Sir John Foliot sold Perton
to Sir William Courteyn and they sold it to the
Coventry's who now hold it.

But to return to Rebecca the eldest coheir of Thomas
Lord Folliott and wife of Job Walker through whom
descended the valuable manuscripts which have been
formerly mentioned. They had issue a son Francis
Sheriff of Shropshire in 1725 whose son and heir
Francis Walker died without issue but his aunt
Rebecca (daughter of Job Walker and Rebecca his
wife) married at Rock Co. Worcester 13 Jan. 1717
Humphrey Sand ford of the Isle of Up Rossall, who
died 25th of March 1741 set. 52. She died 7 Oct. 1732
aged 42. Of the very ancient family of Sandford,
rather a full account may be found in Blakeway's
Sheriffs of Shropshire, but to some perhaps the fol-
lowing few notes may be of interest : — The name
Humphrey derived from the celebrated lawyer of Queen
Elizabeth's days Humphrey Plowden is of constant
recurrence. Thus the lather of the Humphrey Sand-
ford who married Rebecca Walker was Humphrey of
Horderley, the Isle and Edgeton. He was born in 1658
and died 1734, having married Elizabeth, daughter
of William Evans of Asterton; she died 1727 aged 64.

loud Herbert's mss.

369

The Grandfather of this Humphrey was of the same
name, and being faithful to his Sovereign during the
time of the Civil War was plundered by the rebels.
He died at Fitz 28th March 1654, having married Jane,
daughter of Edward GifFard of the White Ladies Co.
Salop. The part which the GifTards played in the preser-
vation of King Charles II. after the battle of Worcester
is too well known to need recapitulation. It will be
remembered that Whiteladies was the first place where
he took refuge after that disastrous day, and here he
was attended upon by the faithful Penderils and
their neighbour Yates, before he went to Boscobel,
which is only about three-quarters of a mile distant.
Edward Gillard was a younger son of Sir Thomas
Gifiard of Chillington, by Ursula, daughter of Sir
Robert Throgmorton of Coughton, Knt., and his wife
was Jane, daughter of Thomas Lee of Langley, by
Mary, daughter of Edmund Plowden, the celebrated
lawyer; Thomas Lee, born 1529, being a younger son
of Thomas Lee of Langley, by Jane, daughter of Sir
Robert Corbet of Morton Corbet.

The lather of this Humphrey Sandford was also
named Humphrey, who had a pardon granted to
him under the great seal for all treasons, 22 Eliza-
beth. He died 8 July, 161 L, aged G8, and is buried
at Lydbury. His wife was Anne, daughter of Francis
Lascelles of Brackenbury, Co. York, by Anne, daughter
of William Thwaytes of Marion (Hail MS. 1487).
This Humphrey was a son of Richard, who died
February 13th, 1587, by Margaret, daughter of
Humphrey Plowden of Plowden Hall, Co. Salop,
and his wife Elizabeth, daughter of John Sturry
of Rossall, near Shrewsbury. Edmund Plowden, the
lawyer (after whom Plowden's Buildings in the Temple
are named) was son of this Humphrey, and father by
his wife Catherine, daughter of William Sheldon of
Beoley, Co. Worcester, of Mary, the wile of Thomas
Lee mentioned above. The lather of Richard, was
George of Alveidc and Lee, and his mother, Anne

Vol. hi av

370

lord Herbert's mss.

daughter of William Oteley of Pichford, and Margery
Bruyn, his wife. Curiously enough, the mother, grand-
mother, and ■ great grandmother of this William
Oteley were all named Anne, being respectively Anne
daughter of Robert Scriven, Anne daughter of John
Lacon and Anne daughter of Robert Corbet of Lee.
George Sandford was the son of Richard living 1
Edward VI. whose father William of the Lee (ob.
1509) had married Sibilla daughter and coheir of Sir
Fulke Sprenghose of Plash, Sheriff of Salop 1446. lie
himself married Jane daughter of William Bromley of
Mitley and Hodnet, mentioned above. The Pedigree
of Sandford continues to the time of the Norman
Conquest when they came into England and it appears
upon all Rolls of the names of the Conqueror's com-
panions. The previous few descents however more es-
pecially bear upon connections with our county and it
is time to return to the descendants of Humphrey
Sandford and Rebecca his wife. Their eldest son
Humphrey Sandford of the Isle of Rossall continued
the male line of the family, and his sister Mary baptized
at St. Alkmond's Dec. 5th 1722 (ob*. 17GG) married
Jonathan Scott of Shrewsbury, born Jan. lGth 1721.

An apology is perhaps due to the readers of tins
article, who may object that it is rather a sketch of
the families connected with the manuscript, or through
whose hands it passed, than a history of the volume
itself, but on the other hand it may be urged that
its history is essentially connected with that of its
possessors, and those interested in the book would not
probably be so well contented with the bare catalogue
of a few names of individuals as with some slight
notice of who they were and how connected with the
author.

The Scotts of Shrewsbury were the descendants of
Richard Scott, brother of Sir Reginald Scott (mentioned
in a former article on " Ruckley Grange") and younger
son of Sir John Scott of Scot's Hall Co. Kent, by Anne
only daughter and heir of Reginald Pympe of Nettle-

lord Herbert's mss

371

stead. The Scot's Hal! Pedigree calls him second son,
while a corrected Pedigree kindly sent to the writer by
the present head of that family speaks of him as the
fourth son of Sir John. They may, however, both be
quite correct, for though originally the fourth son, he
may have been the second surviving son of Sir John.
Richard married Mary, daughter of George Whetten-
hall of East Peckham Co. Kent, and their son Richard
removed to Shropshire probably through his connection
with Lord Wenlock. He was born 1554, and died in
St. Chad's Parish, Shrewsbury, July 21st 1G28, his
wife Anne beincc also buried at St. Chad's 8 March
1620. Their son Isaac Scott was born 1584 and
married Elizabeth Stevens of Shrewsbury, by whom
lie was father of Richard Scott of Shrewsbury born
22nd July 1617 (and other issue) who married 16
Dec. 1637, Elizabeth relict of ... Brinsley of
London, and dying 30 March 1662 left issue with
others Richard Scott a younger son, bap. 7 Jan. 1648,
and died 1692, whose wife Susannah was daughter and
coheir of John Gardner. The Scotts, like the Herberts
and Sandfords, were staunch royalists, and the Richard
Scott who married Elizabeth Brinsley was a very active
partisan of Charles I. Richard Scott had by his wife
Susannah (Party per fess arg. and sable a pale between
three griffins heads erased, all counterchanged) a son
Jonathan of Betton, 1677, who died in 1746, having
married Anne Farmer and had issue an eldest coheir
Elizabeth who marrying a gentleman of her own name
became ancestress of the Scotts of Betton, and also a
son John buried at St. Chad's 20 June 1769, who
married thrice, firstly Rebecca Elfred without issue,
secondly Dorothy daughter of Captain John Waring
without issue, thirdly Dorothy daughter and in her
issue heiress of Adam Waring of Woodcote Co. Salop.
This Adam Waring was of one of the oldest of our Shrop-
shire families. Owen and Blake way, when speaking of
it in their History of Shrewsbury, say : — " This family
of Waring seems derived from Warin, son of CEtlief

372

lord Herbert's mss.

the Saxon, who held land in the market place of
Shrewsbury." Warm de Onneslowe 1311 had a son
Robert of Onslow, Schelton, Wodecote and Bykton
whose wife Cicily was living in 1332. His grandson
Richard, bur. at St. Julian's, married Catherine daughter
of John de Betton, living 1373. Simon, his son,
married Margaret, daughter of Richard Corbowe of
Salop by whom he was lather of two sons Richard and
Thomas, the former of whom, buried at St. Chad's
1456, married Agnes daughter of Nicholas Clements
and had issue Nicholas, merchant, buried at St. Chads
1510, who married Christian daughter of William Lyster
of Bow ton by Elizabeth his wife, daughter of John
Leighton and Angharad de Burgh.

This Nicholas "Waring held Charlton Hall, now the
Theatre, Shrewsbury, in the following manner : — By a
deed, dated 1445, Henry Gray, Knight, Earl of Tanker-
ville and Lord of Powys, grants to Thomas Bromley
of Salop, merchant, and Agnes, his wife, " one mes-
suage or dwelling house called Chorlton Hall, with the
buildings and nine tenements, two cellars, with a
garden, and all other lands belonging to the said mes-
suage, lying in the town of Salop, in length between a
certain street called Scheplache and a parcel of waste
ground called Behynde ye Walles on the one part, and
in breadth between the land of William Mytton, Esquire,
and the land of John Grace, mercer." In 1470,
Bromley, together with John Adams of Pontesbury,
apparently a trustee under some feoffment, demised
the said premises to Nicholas Warynge of Salop, mer-
chant of the Staple of Calais, and they are thus de-
scribed— " One great Hall called Chorlton s Hall, one
great stone chamber annexed to the hall, one large
cellar under the said Hall, and one great garden
enclosed on either side with stone walls, which (to wit
the said hall, cellar, and garden) lie together in Salop,
in the street called Scheplache, extending in length by
the King's high way, leading from the aforesaid street
towards the Church of St. Chad's." This deed is dated

lord Herbert's mss.

373

the 49th year of Henry VI., and of his re-adoption of
his royal power the 1st. Charlton Hall when sold by
Edward Grey and Vernon in 1G00 was still hi the
tenure of Richard Waring, though the purchaser was
William Leighton, Esquire, of Stretton. It subse-
quently, however, became the property of the Warings,
and as such came into the possession of John Scott
Waring, Esquire, of whom more hereafter (vide Owen's
Shrewsbury).

But to return to Nicholas Waring. He left issue
Richard, who, by Mary, daughter of Thomas Grafton,1
was father of Adam, who married Eleanor, daughter
of Nicholas Waring of London, son of the Thomas men-
tioned above as second son of Simon, thus uniting two
branches of the family. Richard, the son of Adam,
was born at Charlton Hall, 1547, but was dead in
1616, having married at Hanwood 11 Feby., 1576,
Margery, daughter of John Hosier of Woodcote, a
Welshman, and descendant of Tudor Trevor, Their
son Nicholas was born at Woodcote Septr. 11th, 1578,
and died 1630, having married Mary, daughter and
co-heir of Richard Barker of Haghmond, Esquire, by
Dorothy, daughter and heir of William Poyner of
Beslow. It may be remarked that Richard Barker's
father, James Barker, married Dorothy, daughter of
Richard Clyve of Styche, and his grandfather, John

1 Adam Grafton was Dean of St. Mary's in 1530, Warden of Battle-
field College 1501, Archdeacon of Salop, Prebend of Wellington in
Lichfield Cathedral and Archdeacon of Stafford 1514. Owen says :-—
" This Dean was of an ancient family in the town, who were baylifFes
here occasionally from 1090 to 1180. What remains of his personal
history may be collected from his epitaph at Withington, where ho
lies under a brass, representing him with his cope and tonsure in the
act of prayer, and this inscription : ' Here lyeth buryed Master
Adam Grafton the most worshypful priest lyvingin hys days ; Symtyme
chapleyne to the ftamous pryncys, Kyng Edward the Yth, and prvnee
Arthure, archdeacon of Stafford, warden of the battleffild, deane of
St. Marie colledge of Salop and p'son of thys churehe, whych de-
ceassyed thexxiiij juli an dom, m d xxx wlios soul God pardon.' Tie
seems to have built the tine tower of his collegiate church at Battlc-
field, as on the east side is a stone inscribed with his name."

374

lord Herbert's mss.

of Wolverton, married Elizabeth, sister and co-heir of
Sir Rowland Hill the first Protestant Lord Mayor of
London, and, to ascend one generation higher, his great
grandfather married Elizabeth, the daughter of Hugh
Sandford of Sandford, who died 1530. Maiy Barker
was the 2nd wife of Nicholas Waring, but the mother
of his son and heir, Richard of Woodcote, who died 22
March, 1683, being flit her, by Elizabeth, only daughter
of Timothy Levi nz, Sergt. at law, of Adam Waring of
Lincoln's Inn, who died Jan. 30th, 1700, and who was
father of Dorothy, wife of John Scott, her mother being
also named Dorothy, and only daughter of Laurence
Wood, son of Alexander Wood, and Margery, daughter
of Sir Thomas Astley of Patshull. The arms of Waring
are gales on a fess engrailed or, 3 hunting horns
stringed sa. between 3 stags heads caboshed argent,
and from their quartering those of Betton {argent
2 pales sa. each charged with 3 crossletsfitche in
pale or) and Guine (or a lion passant guardant
gules) we may presume that the daughters of those
houses with whom they intermarried were heiresses.

John Scott by his wife Dorothy Waring left issue
Jonathan Scott of Shrewsbury, mentioned previously
as the husband of Mary Sandford and who appears to
have been a friend of Walpole. His marriage took place
in 1746, 1st April, at St. Chads and he was buried 11
Nov. 1778, leaving issue — 1 John who took the name of
Waring from his ancestors of that name, and became
so celebrated as the friend and defender of Warren
Hastings. 2 Richard whose descendants now represent
the family in the male line. 3 Jonathan. 4 Henry.
5 Folliott, and one daughter Dorothy, wife of
Henry Stokes1 of London. ""Of these John, Richard,

1 This gentleman, known alike for his piety and amiability, was
one of the first promoters of the Church Missionary Society. He is
buried in the Hector's vault in the Church of the Blackfriars, London.
It was while staying at his house that the poet Cowper, at that time
suftcring much from bad health and in a state of great depression,
wrote his amusing poem on the Adventures of John Gilpin.

lord Herbert's mss.

375

Jonathan, and Henry all held commissions and dis-
tinguished themselves in the East India Company's
service.

It will be remembered that Dorothy daughter of
Adam Waring became in her issue heiress of the family.
This happened as follows : — Her brother Richard
Waring of the Hayes died at Shrewsbury Feb. 1718
(vide Ormerod's Cheshire), having married. Mary eldest
daughter and coheir of Robert Hill of Tern, and their
son Richard Hill Waring died in 1789, having married
Margaret daughter and heir of Sir George Wynne of
Leeswood, but without issue. This Sir George Wynne
in 1724 had purchased from Charles Cholmondeley of
Vale Royal, Co. Chester, the lands of Ince in that
county (which had formerly been the possession of the
Dean and Chapter of Chester), an estate of 1600 acres,
and these became the property jureuxoris of Richard Hill
Waring who upon his death without issue bequeathed
his estates to his cousin and next representative of the
family, John Scott, a major in the H. E. I. C. Service,
the descendant of his aunt , who thereupon assumed the
name of Waring and became member for Stockbridge,
but is best known for his devotion to Warren Hastings
to whom he was for some time Secretary. He sold
Ince, and all his issue in the male line became extinct.
Of his daughters Caroline married Rev R. Powys of
Hard wick, Co. Oxon, Anna Maria married JohnReade
of Ipsden Co. Oxon, and Eliza Sophia married Rev.
George Stanley Faber uncle of the well known oratorian.
There was also another daughter, Laura Augusta,
wife of Rev. Percival Fry. Jonathan Scott the third
brother born 1753 and died 1821), was a Captain in
the H, E. 1. C's Service and also LL.D. Being a man
of great learning and mental power he became Oriental
Professor in the Royal Military and East India Col-
leges, and it was probably from his literary tendencies
that the valuable autograph manuscripts of Lord
Herbert of Cherbury, which had been consigned by
that nobleman to his brother Sir Henry Herbert, do-

376

lord Herbert's mss.

scended to him. He married Anne daughter of the
Rev. Daniel Austin, Rector of Berrington, and at his
death left an only child Ann Dorothea, the wife of
William Richard Stokes of Shrewsbury, her cousin.
They resided in Shrewsbury, where they had pro-
perty near the Town Walls, Belmont, and the Quarry.
W. 11. Stokes being of delicate health lived a retired life,
and upon succeeding jure uxoris to the property of his
father in lav/ presented these valuable manuscripts to
the British Museum, deeming them works of national
interest and worthy of a place amongst the treasured
relics of the nation. Upon enquiry, the writer re-
ceived the following information from the late principal
Librarian of the British Museum — " It appears that
among the records of the Secretary's Office is a report
which was made on the 14th March, 1829, of the
donation of ' A box of papers which belonged to the
late Jonathan Scott, Esq., from his son-in-law, Mr.
W. R. Stokes, of Brunswick Row, Queens Square/"
This box contained the above manuscripts, which are
now arranged as " Additional MSS. 7081 and 7082."

It remains to be said that the donor of these papeis
who died December, 1858, was the second son of Henry
Stokes of London and Shropshire by his second wife
Dorothy, only daughter of Jonathan Scott, of Shrews-
bury (as previously observed) ; they were married at
St. Chad's, Shrewsbury, 24 January,' 17 77. By his first
wife, Miss Harpur, he had had an only son who died
without issue. Following the family history further
we have his father, William Stokes, who married a
daughter and coheir of John Williams of Trehane, Co.
Cornwall, (sister of Mrs, Stackhouse, whose son married
the daughter and heiress of Acton of Acton Scott). It
may interest some to observe that a grand-daughter of
this William Stokes is still living, and in January
celebrated the 103rd anniversary of her parents' wedding
John, the father of William, went up to London from
Shropshire to increase the family wealth, and married
Mary, daughter of George Whitmore, of that city. He

loud Herbert's mss.

377

was living in 1707, and was son of Thomas Stoakes, of
the Heath, Stoke -Milburgh, buried Dec. 1st, 1728,
by Sarah, daughter of Isaac Jones, of Chilton, married
1682, who was the son of Thomas Stokes, of Stoke
Milburgh, Co. Salop, by Elizabeth, his wife, who was
buried in that Parish in 1681.

It will be noticed from the above account that there
was a regular descent and blood relationship between
the families who were possessed of the above relics, and
who handed them from one to another until they were
consigned to their present place of security. Lord
Herbert also gave to his brother, Sir Henry, the auto-
graph copy of his autobiography, which is now preserved
at Powis Castle, and from which was taken the edition
printed privately at Strawbury Hili, in 1764, by Horace
Walpole, Earl of Orford.

The writer cannot close this little history without
thanking sincerely the many kind friends who assisted
him in his investigations, and without whose valuable
aid it would have been utterly impossible to have
brought them to a satisfactory conclusion. To them is
due the gratitude of all who are sufficiently interested
in these notable works of one of the most celebrated
men of his day, to desire a more protracted account of
the way in which they reached their destination than
is given in the few words of the Secretary's record
quoted above.

Vol. hi.

AW

378

SALOPIAN PATRIOTISM IN 1538.

From " Names of the Nobility, Gentry, and others
in Shropshire who contributed to the defence of the
Country at the Spanish Invasion of 1588."

£ £

Robert Eyton 18 die Martii..
Thomas Onslow armiger 22

die Martii

Richard Prince 21 die Martii
William Fowler 26 die Martii
Charles Foxe armiger 29 die

Martii

Thomas Corbett tercio die

April is

Rowland Barker of Hammond

armiger

Robert Ireland quarto die

Aprilis

Frauncis Gatine 8 die Aprilis

Richard Lea eadem

Andrew Chorlton eadem ...
Frauncis Kynnaston eadem .

Robert Powell eadem

Robert Mooreton eadem ...
Richard Latwiche eadem ...
Franncis Newport eadem ...
Richard Hopton eadem
William Leigh ton eadem ...
Jerom Corbett eadem
Richard Lloyd eadem
Edward Gifibrd eadem

20

25
100

50

25
30
30
SO
5
5
<Ao
)
>

ZD

SO
30
25
25
30

Richard Owen eadem

Edward Corbett of Longmorc

eadem

Richard Cressett

Thomas Burton eadem

Adam Luttley eadem

Roger Kynnaston 14 die

Aprilis

Rowland Lacon armiger 13

die Aprilis

Edward Walter eadem
Thomas Myne 15 die Aprilis
William Preene 18 die Aprilis
Elizabeth Alkinton 19 die

Aprilis

Thomas Lawlcy eadem
Thomas Powell eadem
Edward Davies 21 die Aprilis
Robert Needham armiger 27

die Aprilis

Thomas Terrens ultimo die

Aprilis

Thomas Kiinmersley 29 die

Aprilis

William Phillips of Craicton,

21 Aprilis

25
30
25
25

25

25

25

25

25

30

25

John Brooke eadem ...

The foregoing list is taken from a reprint of an
old MS. which was published by Leigh and Sotheby
in 1798.

A. K.

379

FURTHER GEOLOGICAL DISCOVERIES IN
SHROPSHIRE.

By C. CALLAWAY. M.A., D.Sc. (Lond.), F.G.S.

In a former paper, entitled " Recent Geological In-
vestigations in Shropshire," the author gave a sketch
of the following discoveries : — 1. That the shales at the
base of the Caradoc series were to be separated from
the Silurian system and correlated with the Dicty-
onema Shales of Malvern. 2. That the green sand-
stones flanking the Wrekin and Caer Caradoc, supposed
to be " altered Caradoc Sandstone/' were the Holly bush
Sandstone of Malvern. 3. That the underlying quartzites
were of Precambrian , or. at least, Lower Cambrian age,

o

4. That the central chain of Salopian hills, hitherto
regarded as intrusive greenstone and basalt, were built
up of volcanic lavas and ashes of Precambrian age.
Full particulars of the work have been published in the
Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society, and the
main results are now universally accepted. Some
additional discoveries will be described in this com-
munication.

A. TREMADOC ROCKS.
Underlying the quartzite ridge of the Stiper Stones is
a considerable thickness of flaggy shales. They have
been deeply hollowed out into the valley which lies
between the Stiper Stones on the W. and the Long-
mynd on the E. They were regarded by Sir R.
Murehison and the Geological Survey as the Lingula
Flags. This opinion, however, must be modified. The
author found on inspection that these shales were very

380 FURTHER GEOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS

similar to those which he had described from Shineton
as the equivalent of the Dictyoriema Shales (Tremadoc),
and a search for fossils resulted in the discovery of
three characteristic Shineton forms — Lingidella Nichol-
soni} Obolclla Sabriruc, and Macrocysiella Marice. This
formation must then be moved one stage higher, from
the Lingula Fla^s to the Tremadoc.

The Shineton Shales in this locality are of consider-
able thickness, as at the Wrekin. In the upper part
they pass into arenaceous flags, not unlike the rocks
overlying the Stiper Stones. The dip is to the W.N. W.,
in agreement with the prevailing dip west of the
Longmynd.

The identification of this group fixes the age of the
Stiper Stones group, which must be placed in the
Arenig series.

B. THE VOLCANIC SYSTEM.
a. A Second Precambrian Axis.

Volcanic and fragmental rocks of Precambrian age
have been recently discovered at intervals from Ponts-
ford Hill on the N.E., and near Linley Hall on the
S.W. In the hills N. and W. of Linley Hall, the rock
is fragmental. In the mount to the W. of the Hall is
a compact horny rock, evidently a highly altered
felspathic mud, broken through by greenstone. To the
N., at Knoll's Wood, is an indurated grit or breccia.
Following the ridges to the N.N.E., we meet here and
there with igneous and altered rocks, with purple
Cambrian conglomerate resting upon them to the E.
The pebbles of this conglomerate are chiefly a purple
felstone, common in the volcanic group, from which
the Cambrian (Longmynd) rocks have evidently been
largely derived. S. of Gatten Lodge is a small quarry
exposing hornstone and breccia. But the most im-
portant sections are at Pontsford Hill. That elevation
is mainly composed of intrusive greenstone, but on its
flanks, and especially at the N. end, are rocks of the

IN SHROPSHIRE.

381

older group, through which the molten greenstone has
been forced. Near Pool Place, in a quarry and in. the
road and hill above, are good exposures of the Pre-
cambrian lavas, similar to the types in the Wrekin and
at Wrockwardine.

This second Precambrian axis is parallel to the mam
chain (Wrekin and Oaracloc), and, like it, is on a line of
dislocation. The lower beds of the Cambrian rest
against the older nucleus on the E., and on the W.
side the Shineton Shales are faulted down.

b. Correlation of the Volcanic series with the rocks of other

areas.

Since writing his first communication, the author has
visited and examined formations of a similar character
in the Malvern Hills, at St. Davids, and in Carnarvon-
shire and Anglesey. He has also compared with the
Shropshire rocks a typical collection of specimens from
Charnwood Forest, kindly furnished by Mr. W. J.
Harrison, F.G.S., of the Leicester Museum. The result
of his w ork has been the conclusion that in all these
localities are developed rocks of the same age as the
Salopian group, and that these widely scattered masses
belong to the Feb id inn, a volcanic group first studied
at St. David's and described by Dr. Hicks.

1. MALVERN AREA.

On the E. flank of the Herefordshire Beacon are
several spurs projecting into the Triassic plain of the
Severn Valley. These buttresses are composed of rocks
essentially different from the gneissic and granitoid
beds which make up the main ridge. The former were
originally described as " baked rocks," and were sup-
posed to be the Dictyonema and Black Shales, which
are exposed on the opposite side of the axis, in a
highly altered condition.

The author at once recognized in these (< baked
rocks'' certain types with which he was familiar in

382 FURTHER GEOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS

Shropshire, and especially in Lilleshall Hill.1 The
hornstones of which that elevation is largely com-
posed are undistinguishable in hand specimens from the
" baked rock," and a microscopic examination kindly
made for the author by Prof. Bonney, F.Pt.S., St. John's
Coll., Cambridge, quite confirms the identification.
Prof. Bonney had independently arrived at the con-
clusion that the " baked rocks " were a second Pre-
Cambrian group, newer than the gneiss series.

2. ST. DAVIDS AREA.

Amono'st the Pebidian rocks of this district are com-
pact, flinty, felspathic beds, closely resembling the horn-
stones of Salop and Malvern. The ashy shales and
breccias of St. Davids are also represented in Shrop-
shire, especially in Lilleshall Hill. At St. Davids,
however, there is no representative of the lavas of the
Wrekin, the strata being fragment al, and such as would
be produced at a distance from volcanic centres by
accumulations of ashes, more or less acted upon and
redistributed by waves and currents. The volcanic
group at St. Davids, as in Shropshire, is lapped round
by Cambrian conglomerates.

3. CAERNARVON SH 1 R E.

A very interesting group of rocks, lying to the
S.W. of Bangor, has recently been described by Pro-
fessors Bonney and Hughes. Near the city are horn-
stones, grits, and slates, named by Professor Hughes,
the Bangor series. These are not unlike the Lilleshall
Piocks. Below them, S. of Bangor, are volcanic grits
and breccias, described by Prof. Bonne}', which bear a
striking resemblance to some of the Wrekin series.
Underlying these fragmental beds are massive quartz

1 Referred to in the Iransadions of this Society for 1878, p. 93,
as " felstones." Microscopic examination of these obscure rocks
proves, however, that they are a highly altered and indurated vol-
canic mud.

IX SHROPSHIRE.

383

felsites, regarded as ancient lava-flows. These may
represent the lavas of the Wrekin and Caer Caradoc
areas. The author has examined the Bangor district,
and he is of opinion that the succession described, viz..
hornstones and slates passing down into grits, breccias,
and lavas, is similar in Caernarvonshire and Salop.

4. CHARNWOOD FOREST.

The slates and breccias of this district have been
mapped as " Cambrian " by the Geological Survey.
The recent researches of Messrs. Hill and Bonney do
not, however, confirm that view. The elaborate micro-
scopic researches of Prof. Bonney show that the Charn-
wood rocks are volcanic ejectamenta, and lie and Dr.
Hicks are disposed to class (hem with the Pebidian.
The author's examination of a set of Charnwood
specimens at once strongly suggested a correlation of
some part of the Charnwood group with the Lilleshall
series.

5. ANGLESEY.

Recent work by the author in this dislocated and
metamorphosed district has brought to light several
important results, and sucli of them as bear on the
present enquiry are here sketched. In northern and
central Anglesey is a considerable thickness of fels-
pathic shales and grits, which bear a marked resem-
blance to some of the Pebidian rocks of St. Davids.
They overlie hornstones and slates similar to those of
the Bangor group. These types have close affinity
with the slates, shales, and hornstones of Charnwood
and Lilleshall. The eruptive volcanic rocks appear to
be wanting in Anglesey, and are probably faulted down
out of sight .

G. GENERAL COMPARISON.

The Pebidian group, as most fully developed in
Anglesey and the adjoining Bangor district, appears
to consist of lavas in the lower part and fragments!

384 FURTHER GEOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS

volcanic matter, more or less sorted by water, above.
In Shropshire, the lava flows are interstratified with
beds of ashes, breccia, and conglomerate. The higher
beds of northern and central Anglesey are wanting
at Bangor and in Shropshire ; but are probably rep-
resented by the Charnwood series. The succession at
St. Davids corresponds most closely to the Anglesey
rocks, the lavas of Bangor and the Wrekin being absent.

It is not here assumed that the lavas are necessarily
older than all the ash beds. Volcanic deposits are
very irregular. While lavas are flowing down the
side of Etna or Vesuvius, ashes may be scattered
over the surrounding district, or sorted in beds at the
bottom of the Mediterranean Sea. Caernarvonshire and
Shropshire were seats of volcanic energy in the Pebi-
dian epoch ; and while the craters were pouring forth
lavas, ashes were being widely distributed over the
neighbouring land or marine areas. Other centres of
eruption are doubtless covered in by younger deposits,
and we shall probably never ascertain the position of
the volcanoes which ejected the ashes and breccias of
St. Davids and Charnwood. But, on the whole, it
may be inferred that the young energy of the Pebidian
volcanoes burst forth in floods of lava ; while during
its later years it ejected over land and sea beds of
breccia and ash.

C. THE METAMORPHIC SYSTEM.

In Primrose Hill, a spur terminating the Wrekin on
the S.W., the author has recognized a very interesting
group of beds. They mainly consist of gneiss and a
granitoid rock, for which Prof. Bonney has proposed the
name " granitoidite." It bears a superficial resemblance
to granite, being composed of quartz, felspar, and mica
or hornblende, sometimes of quartz and felspar only,
without definite arrangement. Prof. Bonney has, how-
ever, shown by the aid of the microscope that this
rock is not a true granite, that is, a deeply formed
igneous product, but simply a metamorphosed grit.

IN SHROPSHIRE.

385

The author's field observations, both in Shropshire and
Anglesey, support this view with regard to the Pre-
cambrian granitoid rocks. It was also observed that
the strike of these gneissic strata in Primrose Hill
differed from that of the volcanic series ; the former
striking S.E., while the prevailing strike of the
Salopian Pebidian is to the E., or a little N. of E.
Both in its strike, and in lithological characters, the
metamorphic group agrees with the ancient gneissic
and granitoid rocks composing the nucleus of the
Malvern Hills, and the author has no hesitation in
correlating the two formations. The Malvern meta-
morphic series has been referred, with high probability,
to the great gneiss system, called the Lewisian in the
Northern Highlands, and the Laurentian in Canada.
It cannot fail to interest Salopians thus to learn that
their classic mountain, the Wrekin, is built up of repre-
sentatives of the two great Precambrian or Archaean
groups which have been recognized in Britain.

It is important to determine the relations between
the two series. In the Malvern chain, the Pebidian
felspathic hornstones abut against the edges of the
gneiss rocks, and such a marked discordance points to
a great interval of time between the two epochs. In
Shropshire the evidence is still more decisive. At the
S.W. end of the Wrekin, the Pebidian is faulted down
against the gneiss ; but an unconformity is inferred
from the difference of strike. Proof, amountino' to
actual demonstration, is seen in Charlton Hill, about
two miles W. of the Wrekin. Associated with the
ordinary ash beds, and overlain by the Precambrian
quartzite, is the interesting conglomerate noticed in
the previous paper. The author has recognized in it
nearly twenty kinds of rock, chielly varieties of the
following : — Quartzite, quart-schist, gneiss, mica-schist,
hornblende-schist; granitoidite, and red felspar. The
gneissic and granitoid enclosures are of types common
in Primrose Hill and the Malverns ; but the qnartzose
varieties most closely resemble the quartzites and

Vol. hi. ax

386 GEOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS IN SHROPSHIRE,

quartz-schists of Anglesey. It is certain from this
evidence that during the Pebidian period, the neigh-
bouring land consisted in part of rocks of the Lewisian
epoch. By the action of the waves on the coast-line,
pebble-beds were formed, and these were interstratified
with the ashes ejected from volcanoes, and laid down
at the sea-bottom.

The gap separating the Lewisian and Pebidian
periods must have been immense. First of all, the
sediments of the Lewisian age were depressed to a
considerable depth in the earth's crust. This was
necessary to the great chemical and physical change,
called metamorphism, which next took place. Shales,
grits, and sandstones were converted into highly
crystalline rocks. Then upheaval set in, and as the
land rose, the waves, assisted by frost, rain, and rivers,
slowly stripped off the superincumbent strata, till the
crystalline schists were brought up to the light of day.
Then the sea, continuing its work, produced the
Pebidian conoiomerat es.

Most of the results here sketched in brief are new to
science. Some of them are now before the Geological
Society ; others are reserved for future communica-
tions.

387

ARCHITECTURAL NOTES RELATING TO
SHROPSHIRE.

By the Late Rev. JOHN PARKER, of Sweeney Hall.
FROM A JOURNAL, JUNE, 1839.

The ruins of the once magnificent Priory of Wenlock
stand near the Church, eastward of the town. The
parts which remain are the Prior's apartments, of late
Gothic, and some of the outer walls of the Precinct.
Of the Church the south-west angle, the south tran-
sept, and a fragment of the north transept are all of
early date, and adjoining to the south transept are the
splendid remains of a chapter house, resembling that of
Bristol in size and style and general arrangement.

There is much to admire in these ruins. They have
no advantage of situation, and their chief beauties
cannot be comprised in one view : but they are
extremely fine specimens of style, avoiding the two
extremes of massiveness and slightness. The propor-
tions are fine, the mouldings bold, with just enough
enrichment. The piers are first rate in point of design.
Several portions of the stone vaulting remain, all of
which are of superior workmanship. If then we may
judge of what is lost by that which lias been preserved,
this Priory Church must have been majestic rather in
style than in dimensions, cruciform, with side aisles
and Lady Chapel, the whole vaulted with stone and
uniform in character. In the inhabited part of the
Priors lodgings, is a massive desk of Wenlock marble,
enriched at the sides with Gothic foliage of the 13th
Century : the ledge for holding the book being of
marble, and all cut out of one solid block. This relic

388

ARCHITECTURAL NOTES

was found bricked up under the place where it is now
kept.

I measured the mouldings of the arcade in the south
transept. The ground plan of the piers, I obtained
with some trouble, and am exceedingly pleased with
it. In the Parish Church, which is large and roomy,
but very destitute of interest, I saw some scanty
remnants of Gothic woodwork, the basement of a
screen. There are two aisles, divided by round piers
with pointed arches. In the chancel are two stone
stalls of late Gothic, unfinished, with a water drain.
They are vaulted with stone inside, and on the east
wall N. and S. of the chancel window are two lofty
niches with vaulted canopies, but all this work is late
and of inferior effect ,

I could not help remarking and transcribing the
following inscription, which bears upon the question
recently discussed in the case of Breeks v. Wolfrey.
The date exactly one century ago might have supported
the decision and opinion of Sir Herbert J enner.

MONUMENT IN WENLOCK CHURCH.

This monument erected and they here buried by leave of the

hon'able Sr Watkin Williams Wynn B1.
Near this place lies the body of Francis Lacon, late wife of
Richard Lacon of Linley in this County, daughter of Mowris
Bilson of Brill in y° County of Bucks Esqr. who died the
last of August 1780
aged 33 years

to whose memory this is erected. May he rest in peace Amen

% and also the bodys of Thomas Richard and Thomas Lacons
great grand-lather, grand-father & father of the above
Richard Lacon.
May they also rest in peace. Amen !

BUILDWAS, JUNK 13, 1839.

These ruins are in a much finer situation than those
of Wenlock. They are, however, inferior in extent
and style. The two arcades of the nave, containing
seven arches on a side, ore entire. The side walls have
disappeared. Through these ranges of column and

RELATING TO SHROPSHIRE.

389

arch, handsome certainly, but very plain, the woody
landscapes of the neighbourhood are seen with great
effect. The piers are circular, and the arches Anglo-
Norman, although pointed. There are three stalls in
the choir ; they are of early Gothic, and in a very small
space contain three different sizes and applications of
the toothed ornament. They are so damaged that
none bat Gothic eyes would find out their excellence.
The toothed ornament is used first in one capital of the
pillars that supported the arcade, but which are now
lost ; secondly, in the centre of the arch mouldings
throughout ; thirdly, under the hood mould, a very
small part of which remains. This arcade would be a
very good model for an altar-piece, I consider this
example of the toothed ornament, used in these various
ways and different sizes, to be of great value.

The Chapter House of Euildwas Abbey is a fine
specimen of early Gothic vaulting, but loses much of
its beauty by the closing up of its eastern windows,
and the intrusion of a round modern building in its
north-eastern angle. I hope that some pity for this
decaying but elegant fabric will protect it from further
damage.

LILLESIIALL ABBEY.

This ruin has nothing remarkable except a very fine
Anglo-Norman western door and three early Gothic
arches at the north-western corner. There is also a
Norman door on the south side which is handsome.
The walls are mostly plain ; the windows are like those
of Buildwas. A small chamber of Anglo-Norman
vaulting is entire, which may have been the Chapter
House, and the window of the Choir appears to have
been a line one. The situation of Lilleshall Abbey is
retired and woody, but there is no distant view.

WHITE ABBEY AT ALBERBURY.

This Abbey appears to me never to have been com-
pleted ; it was dependent on that of Grandmont in
Picardy, and has long been used as a iarm house.

396

A UCU ITECTURAL NOTES

There arc the remains of the north aisle of the
Church, the date positive, viz., early in the loth
century. Three compartments of stone vaulting, of its
kind first rate, but without the secondary ribs, a
superb triplet window on the largest scale (perhaps
like the one in the Temple Church) and two doorways,
are all that can now be seen ; but these fragments are
of great elegance, and though plain are of unusual
purity, and would lead you to suppose that an Abbey-
like that at Valley Crucis or Abbey Dore had once
existed here.

LUDLOW CHURCH, JULY, 1838.

This building is distinguished for its narrow loftiness
of proportion. The hexagonal south porch, vaulted
with stone, handsome and almost magnificent, is cooped
up among brick houses, to the great annoyance of the
Gothic amateur. Its form is unusual and its date is of
the thirteenth century. The interior of this Church,
although wretchedly spoilt by a multitude of modern
galleries, must have once been decidedly fine. The
piers are slender and the arches are well turned.
The Chancel is like the choir of some Cathedral, and
is rich in Gothic decoration. The large east window
contains in painted glass the martyrdom of St. Law-
rence : but the compartments are too numerous, and
the figures too small, to produce any clear notion of
the subject. It has been skilfully restored by Evans,
the glass painter, of Shrewsbury.

The ceiling of this chance) is of Gothic woodwork in
pannels with bosses. The chief bosses are gilt, the
secondary pannels and bosses are of plain oak. There
is much old painted glass in a fragmentary state in the
side windows. The monuments (various in date and
style) contain some good Gothic work.

There are stalls on both sides, but without any
canopies, and the turn-up seats display some curious
carving. The (iniajs at the ends of each desk are ex-
ceedingly rich in foliage, and on one of them there is a

RELATING TO SHROPSHIRE.

391

figure bearing on his head many crowns, which form a
sort of Gothic tiara. (For the origin of this ornament
see Revelations, chap. 5.)

On the N. and S. sides of the Choir there are two
square spaces instead of side aisles, which are divided
from the transepts of the Church by two screens of
different patterns, but both vaulted. They both seem
to belong to the fifteenth century. That on the N. side
contains eight narrow two-centred arches, their heads
filled with late Gothic tracery, their piers bearing a
succession of rich, vaulting, overhanging them by several
feet, and finished by a running border and the Tudor
flower. The basement is much adorned, as is usual in
screens of later date, and the central arch, a flat
segmental one, supports the two middle arches of the
whole screen. Although not first rate, yet from its
being almost entire, this range of screen work with
the mullioned windows beyond it, would form a good
architectural subj e ct .

The other screen is arranged with larger vaultings
in three compartments, and is coarsely wrought. The
ribs are numerous but clumsily put together. The
Church of St. Lawrence is considered the finest in
Shropshire. It will not retain its pre-eminence unless
the unsightly galleries are removed and its modern
ceilings converted into something better.

Left Ludlow for Tenbury. Passed at the distance of
a few miles the Church of Little Hereford on the road,
and reached Tenbury in the evening. It contains one
long street, north and south. At the north end is a
bridge of six arches over the Teme, the centre pier
advancing higher up the stream than the others, having
a very singular effect. I conclude it has been so built
for greater strength during a Hood. Went to the
church at the south end of the town. The Norman
tower is crowned with later pinnacles. The Church is
partly ancient. I walked along the vale to Burford,
about half a mile off. A very large hop-yard extended
for some distance between the footpath and the river.

392 ARCHITECTURAL NOTES RELATING TO SHROPSHIRE.

It is pleasing to pass these ranges of tendrilled foliage,
receding one behind the other in regular perspective,
and it is curious to observe how easily one can detect
every plant that has fallen down with its pole when we
pass at the head of each vista, however great the whole
extent of it may be.

STOKESAY, JULY, 1838.

I have lono- known tins beautiful ruin. A Church of
inferior style and a Gatehouse of Elizabethan date with
carvings of execrably bad workmanship and conception
flank two sides of the Castle court. The great hall and
a polygonal tower stand beyond these, and without any
pretensions to magnificence have a practical air about
them in some decree more striking than the ruins of a
larger building. Then, again, they are beautiful
specimens of early Gothic, too early perhaps for perfec-
tion of style, but yet showing a plain manliness of
character that will always be admired.

The scene from under the gateway of the hall windows
would make a beaut iful subject in the hands of a skilful
artist, also the Castle and Gatehouse from the Church-
yard.

393

THE HYMENOMYCETES OF SHROPSHIRE.

By WILLIAM PHILLIPS, F.L.S.

That comparatively few botanists give their attention
to the study of the curious and interesting plants
classed as fungi, will account for the fact that up to
the present time no adequate list of those found grow-
ing in Shropshire has been published. The following
attempt to supply the want of such a list is made in
the hope that other botanists may be induced to render
their help in the study of our mycological flora, and
supplement the little that has been already accom-
plished. The fugitive nature of many of these plants,
and the irregular reappearance of them in places where
they have been once observed to grow, tend to render
the observations of the few who make them their study
apparently insignificant. Thus out of 3,000 European
species, only about 1,456 species are recorded as occur-
ring in Britain, and but 414 of these appear in the fol-
lowing list. It would be a great mistake to infer that
Shropshire is a barren held, or that any work worth
speaking of lias been done in this investigation. The
pastures and the woodlands, the hills and the valleys
of our lovely county abound in autumn with multitudes
of striking species, many of which have not been satis-
factorily identified, and some of which may in all
probability be new to science.

It would be quite out of place here to give any such
description of species as would aid a person unacquainted
with fungi to determine species for themselves; this
must be left to the works especially devoted to such a
purpose, of which there exist a goodly number, and to

Vol. hi. ay

394. THE HYMENOMYCETES OF SHROPSHIRE.

which references are given under each species. The
edible and poisonous qualities are indicated when satis-
factorily known, but a safe rule is never to attempt to
eat a fungus with which you are not perfectly familiar.
There is little doubt that a very large proportion are
perfectly harmless, and will at some future time, when
people become better informed, be used as articles of
diet. The quantity of nitrogen they contain is said by
the most competent authorities to place the edible
species on an equality in regard to their nutritive
properties with flesh meat. If it be asked how the
poisonous can be distinguished from the edible, there
is but one answer : acquire an intimate knowledge of
the individual species, as the peasantry have of the
Common mushroom f Agaricus campestrisj, the Horse
mushroom (Agaricus pratensis), and the Giant Pull-
ball (Lycoperdon giganteumj. As no one would dream
of <xoino* to the hedgerows to make an indiscriminate
collection of umbelliferous plants with which to flavour
his soup, so no one should dream of pursuing a similar
course in collecting fungi. Many fatal accidents have
resulted from want of proper caution.

As far as I am aware, the only work giving an
account of the fungi of this county is the one so fre-
quently referred to in the following list, " Illustrations
of Fungi," by the late Mrs. Sarah Price of Bitterley,
near Ludlow, which consists of 130 coloured litho-
graphic figures of different species, all very true to
nature. It was published by subscription in 18G4 and
18G5, and is dedicated to the late Sir William Jackson
Hooker. I have been given to understand that the
few rarer species which are represented were named on
the authority of the Rev. M. J. Berkeley, which fact
adds much to the value of the work. Very possibly
there may exist private collections of drawings which
I have not had the advantage of consulting, but I have
been permitted to look over one of very much excel-
lence executed by Miss M. F. Lewis, of Ludlow.
Several rare species are very artistically represented,

THE HYMENOMYCETES 01- SHROPSHIRE.

395

as well as a large number of the commoner species.
This collection lias been referred to in my list.

I cannot send this list of Shropshire fungi to the press
without thanking the Rev. M. J. Berkeley, F.R.S., for
the kindness with which he has always aided me in my
doubts, nor without expressing my obligation also to
C. E. Browne, Esq., to the Rev. W. Houghton, F.L.S.
(who gave me my first lessons in mycology), to Mr.
Worthington Smith., Dr. M. G. Cooke, and Mr. C. B.
Plowright, for much valuable aid.

I am indebted to Dr. M. 0. Cooke for the use of the
wood engravings which illustrate some of the more
important genera, to whom I tender my best thanks.

396

THE HYMENOMYCETES OF SHROPSHIRE.

ABBREVIATIONS.

Ann. Nat. Hist. Annals and Magazine of Natural History.
Batsch. Bastch. Elenehus Fungorum, 1783—1789.

Berk. Outt Outlines of British Fimgology, by the Rev. M. J. Berkeley,

M.A., F.L.S.

Bolt. Bolton, History of Funguses, 1788—1791.

Bull. Bulliard, Herbicr de la France, Paris 17S0— 1795.

Cooke Ilcuidb. Handbook or British Fungi, by M. C. Cooke, M.A.,
London, 1S71.

Fries Hymen. Fries. E., Hymenomyctes Europ£ei. Upsala, 1874.
Fries Icon. Fries, E., Ieones Selects) Hymenomycetum, 1877.

Gard. Chron. Gardeners' Chronicle.

Greville. Grcville, Scottish Cryptogamic Flora, 1823—1829.

Grevillea. Grcvillea. a Quarterly Record of Cryptogamic Botany,

edited by M. C. Cooke, M.A., 1872—1880.
Hoffm. Icon. Anal. Hoffman, H., Ieones Analytics) Fungorum, 1SG2.
Jour, of Bot. Journal of Botany, London. Edited by H. Trimen, M.B.,

F.L.S.

Mag. Zoo. <G Bot. Magazine of Zoology and Botany. London, 1837 — 1839.
Pers. Ic. tO Descr. Persoon, C. 11., Ieones et Descriptiones Fungorum, 1798 —
1800.

Pers. Ic. Pict. Persoon, C. II., Ieones Pictre Rariorum Fungorum, 1803-G.

Pers. Mi/co. Eur. Persoon, C. 11., Mveologia Europoea, 1822 — 1828.

Pers. Syn. Persoon, C. II., Synopsis Fungorum, 1801.

Price. Illustrations of the Fungi of our Woods and Fields, Series

1 and 2, by Sarah Price, 1864 and 1SG5.

Sand. tO Sm. Saunders, W, \V. and Smith, W. G., Mycological Illustra-
tions. London, 1872.

Sclucff. Schedier, I. Fungorum Ieones, 17G2--74.

Smith Poi.M. Smith, W. G., Mushrooms and Toadstools. How to
distinguish between Edible and Poisonous Fungi.
London.

Tras. Woolh. Club. Transactions of the Woolhope Field Club, Hereford, 1867—
1873.

I have indicated those species I have seen by the usual mark, a note of
admiration (!)

THE HYMENOMYCETES OF SHROPSHIRE. 397

THE HYMENOMYCETES.

ORDER I. — AGARICINI.

Genus I. — Agapjcus.
Scries I. — Leacospori (White Spored).
Sub-Genus I. — Amanita.

AGARICUS PHALLOIDES, Fr. Stinking Amanita.
Cooke's Handb., p. 7. Price, fig. 28.
Common in woods ! Aug. to Nov. Poisonous.

AGARICUS VERNUS, Bull. Spring Amanita.
Cooke's Handb., p. 7. Price, fig. 3.
Bitteiiey Wood. Poisonous.

AGARICUS MAP PA, Fr. Delicate Amanita.
Cooke's Handb., p. 7. Price, fig. CG.
Not uncommon about the Wrekin ! Poisonous.

AGARICUS MUSCARIUS, Linn. Fly Amanita.
Cooke's Handb., p. 8. Price, fig. 56.

Woods, especially fir and birch ! Aug. to Nov. Poisonous.
The bright scarlet top, dotted with white patches, make it a
conspicuous object in our woodlands.

AGARICUS PANTHERINUS, Fr. Spotted Amanita.
Cooke's Handb., p. 9.

In pastures under trees, and borders of woods ! Not poisonous.
Bearing a great resemblance to the next.

AGARICUS RUBESCEXS, Fr. Reddish Amanita.
Cooke's Handb., p. 9. Price, fig. 75.

In woods ! Common. Esculent. Easily distinguished from the
preceding by the reddish hue it. assumes when cut or bruised.
AGARICUS VAGINATUS, Fr. Sleek Amanita.

Cooke's Handb., p. 5, Berk. Outl., plate hi., fig. ±. Gard.
Chron. (1SG1), p. 97.

In woods and under trees ! Very common,

AGARICUS STRANG ULATUS , Fr. Rough stemmed ringlets
Amanita — Agaric >'x Cecilia', B. and Br.
Berk. Outl., plate iii., fig. o. Price, fig. 112.
In woods, Aug. to Sept. Wrekin Wood !

398

THE HYMENOMYCETES OF SHROPSHIRE.

Sub-Genus II. — Lcpiota.

AGARICUS PROCERUS, Scop, Parasol Mushroom.
Cooke's Handb., p. 12. Price, fig. 74.
Woods and pastures ! Common. Esculent.

AGARICUS RACIIODE3, Via. Large grey Lepiota.
Berk. Out!., plate in., f. 6. Price, fig. 104.

In shady pastures ! Not common. Esculent. Kingsland,
Shrewsbury !

AGARICUS EXCORIATUS, Schoeff. Flaky Lepiota.
Cooke's Handb., p. 13.

In pastures and borders of woods ! Wrekin Wood ! Beck's
Field, Kingsland ! May to Sept. Esculent.

AGARICUS ACUTE3QUAMOSUS, Weinm. Squarrose Lepiota,
Cooke's Handb., p. 14.
On soil in gardens. Attingham Park !

AGARICUS BADHAMI, Berh Saffron Lepiota.

Cooke's Handb., p. 14, Saund. and Sm, plate xxxv. fig. 2.

Under Yew and other trees. Attingham Park ! Sept. The
flesh when cut or bruised assumes a rich red tint, inclining to
saffron.

AGARICUS CLYPOLARIUS, Hull. Fragrant Lepiota.
Cooke's Handb., p. 15. Bull. tab. 405, 505, fig. 2.
In woods and hot-houses. One specimen occurred in the
Wrekin wood, June, 1872 !

AGARICUS CRISTATUS, A. <0 S. Stinking Lepiota.
Cooke's Handb., p. 15. Price, fig. 105.
In fields and woods ! Common.

AGARICUS CE1\ESTIPE3, Sow. Onion-stemmed Lepiota,
Cooke's Handb., p. 10. Sow. tab. 2.
On tan. Preston Rectory ! Rev, W. Houghton.

AGARICUS CARCHARIAS, Per*. Pah granular Lepiota.

Fries. Hymens, p. 36. Persoon. Ic. Pict. plate v., fig. 1-3.
In wood and on heaths. East end of Wrekin !

AGARICUS GRANULOSUS, Batsck. Granular Lepiota.
Cooke's Handb., p. 17. Bolt, plate li., fig. 2.
In woods and on heaths ! Common.

Sub-Genus III. — Armillaria, Fr.

AGARICUS MELLEUS, Flo. Dan. Honey -Coloured Armillaria.
Cooke's Handb., p, 10. Price, figs. 10 and 32.
On dead stumps ! Yery common.

AGARICUS MUCIDUS, Schrad. Clammy Armillaria.
Cooke's Handb., p. 20. Price, tig. 19.
On dead or dying beech trees. Not common,
llaughmond Hill !

TIIE HYMENOMYCETES OF SHROPSHIRE. 399

Sub- Gen us IV. — Tricholoma, Fr.
AGARICUS SEJUNCTUS, Sow., Separating Tricholoma.
Cooke's Handb., p. 21. Sow. plate exxvi.
In woods. About the western base of Wrekin.

AGARICUS RESPLENDENS, Fr. Shining Tricholoma.
Fries Hymen., p. 49. Icon., plate xxix., fig. 1.
Ercal Hill, Wellington, in the wood ! Rare.

AGARICUS FLAYO-BRUNNEUS, /V. Yellow-brown Tricholoma.
Cooke's Handb., p. 22. Fr. Icon., plate xxvi,, a.
In the wood west side of Wrekin !

AGARICUS ALBO-BRUNNEUS, P. White and Brown Tricholoma.
Cooke's Handb., p. 23. Sow., plate cccexvi.
In wood west side of Wrekin !

AGARICUS RUTILAXS, Schaf. Fed-haired Tricholoma.
Cooke's Handb., p. 24. Sow., plate xxxi.

On stumps of pine, Wrekin Wood ! Tibberton Firs ! Common.

AGARICUS COLUMBETTA, Fr. Dove-colour Tricholoma.
Cooke's Handb., p. 25. Fr. Icon., plate xxix., b.
In wood about Downton Castle ! Rare,

AGARICUS SCALPTURATUS, Fr. Scratched Tricholoma.
Cooke's Handb., p. 24.

In woods, Wrekin "Wood. Rev. W. Houghton. Not common.

AGARICUS VACCINUS, Vers. Scaly Tricholoma.

Cooke's Handb., p. 26. Pers. Ic. and Desc, plate ii., fig. 1-4.
Wrekin Wood ! Not common.

AGARICUS TERREUS, Schaf. Grey Tricholoma.
Cooke's Handb., p. 27. Sow., plate lxxvi.
On borders of woods.! Very Common.

AGARICUS SAPONACEUS, Fr. Strong-scented Tricholoma.
Cooke's Handb., p. 27. Bull., plate dcii.

In woods ! Not very common. Woods at base of the Wrekin !

AGARICUS SULPIIUREUS, Bull. Tar-scented Tricholoma.
Cooke's Handb., p. 29. Sow,, plate xliv.
Base of Haughmond Hill ! Not common.

AGARICUS GAMBOSUS, Fr. St. George's Mushroom.
Cooke's Handb., p. 31. Berk. Outl., plate iv., fig. 5.
In pastures ! May and June. Esculent.

AGARICUS PERSONATUS, Fr. Purple-stemmnl Tricholoma,

Cooke's Handb., p. 193. Lepista. Berk. Outl., plate v., fig. 1.
On pastures, old manure heaps, Sec. ! Common. Esculent.

AGARICUS NUDUS, Bull. Amethyst Tricholoma.

Cooke's Handb., p. 102. Lepiota. Price, plate xxxv.
In woods ! Common.

More brightly coloured and smaller than preceding.

400

THE HYMENOMYCETES OF SHROPSHIRE.

Sub-Genus V. — Glitocybe. Fr.

AGARICUS NEBULABIS, Ft: Clouded Clitocyhe.

Cooke's Handb., page 35, Smith's English Mush., fig. 24.

In woods ! Common. Esculent.
AGARICUS CLAVIPES, Fr. Club-footed Glitocybe.

Fries Hymen, p. 79. Saund, and Smith, fig. 31.

Occasionally in Wrekin woods !

AGARICUS ODORUS, Bull. Blue Sweet-scented Clitocyhe.
Cooke's Handb., p. 30. Trice, fig. 70.

Under cedar trees, Attingham Park! Wrekin wood! The
colour, together with the aniseed odour, makes this an easily
recognisable species.

AGARICUS PHYLLOPHILUS, Fr. Leaf-loving Clitocyhe.
Cooke's Handb., p. 37.
Bomere, on dead leaves ! Rather common.

AGARICUS CANDICANS, Pers. Whitish Clitocyhe.
Cooke's Hanb., p. 87. Bolt, fig. 17.
On dead leaves ! Wrekin wood.

AGARICUS DEALBATUS, Sow. Ivory Clitocyhe.
Cooke's Handb., p. 38. Sow, 123.
In fir plantations ! Not common.

AGARICUS FUMOSUS, Pers. Smolcy Clitocyhe.

Cooke's Handb., p. 39. Fries Icon., plate liv, fig. 2,
Occasionally in Wrekin wood !

AGARICUS GIGANTEUS, Sow. Giant Clitocyhe.
Cooke's Handb., p. 39. Sow, plate eexliv.

Once seen in pasture near Corporation Gardens! Shrewsbury.
They grew in large rings. Many of the specimens were more
than a foot in diameter.

AGARICUS GEOTROrUS, Bull. Trumpet Clitocyhe.

Cooke's Handb. p. 11. Sow., plate Ixi.

In hedge row near Ciungunford ! Wrekin Wood !
AGARICUS FLACC1DUS, Sow. Flaccid Clitocyhe.

Cooke's Handb., p. -12. Sow., plate clxxxiv.

In woods ! Not uncommon.

AGARICUS CYATHIFORMIS, Fr. Cup-shaped Clitocyhe.
Cooke's Handb. p. -12. Sow., plate ccclxiii.
Hedge rows and meadows ! Rather common.

AGARICUS DITOPUS, Fr. Meal-scented Clitocyhe.
Fries, Hym., p. 104.
Preston, Rev. W. Houghton.

AGARICUS FliAGRANS, Sow. Fragrant Clitocyhe.
Cooke's Handb. p. 43. Sow., plate x.

In woods ! Very common. Esculent. This has a very strong
odour of Aniseed.

THE HYM ENOMYC ETE3 OF SHROPSHIRE. 401

AGARTCUS LACCATUS, Scop. Waxy Clitocybe.
Cooke's Handb. p. 44. Trice, fig. 122.
In woods ! Everywhere.

Sub-Genus, Yl.^-Collybia. Fr.

AGARICUS RADfCATUS, Relit. Rooting Collybia,
Cooke's Handb. p. 53. Price, fig. 98.
On old stumps and on soil in woods ! Very common.

AGARICUS PLATYPHYLLUS, Fr. Broad-yilled Collybia.
Cooke's Handb. p. 54. Bull., fig. 59 4.
On dead stumps in woods ! Lilleshall Wood !

AGARICUS FUSIPES, Bull. Spindle Stem Collybia.
Cooke's Handb. p. 51, Price, fig. 85.

On dead stumps, Oakelcy Park ! Wrekin Wood, &c. ! Rather
common.

AGARICUS MACULATUS, A. cG S. Spotted Collybia.
Cooke's Handb. p. 55. Sow., plate ccdvi.
Tibberton Firs ! abundant. Rev. W. Houghton.

AGARICUS BUTYRACEUS, Bull. Buttery Collybia.
Cooke's Handb. p. 55. Bull., plate dlxxii.
Very common in Wrekin Woods !

AGARICUS VELUTIPES, Curt. Velvet-stemmed Collybia.
Cooke's Handb. p. 55. Bolt., plate exxxv.
Common on dead wood ! Winter and summer.

AGARICUS CONFLUENS, Fers. Conjluent Collybia.

Cooke's Handb. p. 56, Pers., Ic., Pic, plate v., fig. 1.
Among dead leaves, Bomere !

AGARICUS CONIGEXUS, Fers. Fir cone Collybia.
Cooke's Handb. p. 57. Fr. icon., plate lxvi., fig. 3.
On fir cones, Wrekin Wood !

AGARICUS CIRRHATUS, Sch'um. Cirrhaie Collybia.

Cooke's Handb., p. 57. Grevillea, vol. v., plate lxxxii., fig. 3.
Wrekin Wood ! Wrekin !

AGARICUS TUBEROSUS, Bull. Tuberous Collybia.
Cooke's Handb., p, 58. Grew, plate xxiii.
Arising from small tubers (sclerotia) on dead Russule.
Common in Ercal Wood, Wellington ! ami elsewhere !

AGARICUS NITELLIXUS, Fr. Golden-yellow Collybia.
Berk. Ann. Nat. Hist. Fries. Icon., plate lxv., fig. ] -2.
This was forwarded to the Rev. M. J. Berkeley, but unfortu-
nately I omitted to record the locality where it was found,
except near Shrewsbury.

AGARICUS TEXACELLUS, Pers. Delicate Collybia.
Cooke's Handb., p. 60. Sow., plate ecvi.
Growing from buried larch cones ! Rather common.

Vol. hi. az

402 THE HYMENOMYCETES OF SHROPSHIRE.

AGARICUS PLUMIPES, Kalch. Feathery-foot CoUybia.
Kalch. Icon., plate vi., fig. 3.
Under cedar trees. Attingham Park !

AGARICUS DRYOPHILUS, Bull. Wood CoUybia.
Cooke's Handb., p. 59. Price, fig. 12.
Common in woods !

AGARICUS AQUOSUS, Bull. Wartery CoUybia.
Fries. Hymen., Europ., p. 122. Bull., plate xii.
In a garden, Shrewsbury !

Sub-Genus VII. — Myeena, Fr.

AGARICUS PELIANTHIXUS, Fr. Purplish Mycena.
Berk. Outl , plate vi., fig. 1.
On dead stumps. Lilleshall grounds !

AGARICUS ROSELLUS, Fr. Bosy Mycena.

Cooke's Handb., p. 05. Pers. Syn,, plate v., fig. 3.
On fallen fir leaves, Wrekin Wood !

AGARICUS PURUS, Bull. Amethyst Myeena.
Cooke's Handb., p. 05. Bull., plate dvii.
Common in all our woods !

AGARICUS LUTEO-ALBUS, Bolt. Bolton's Mycena.
Cooke's Handb., p. GG. Bolt., plate xxxviii, fig. 2.
In mossy places about Wrekin wood ! Rare.

AGARICUS FLAVO-ALBUS, Ft. Yellow-white Mycena.

Cooke's Handb., p. 60. A. Pumilus, Bull, plate eclx.

On the base of trees amongst moss ! Not uncommon.
AGARICUS RUGOSUS, Fr. Rugose Mycena.

Cooke's Handb., p. 07. Bull, plate dxviii, fig. k.m.

On oak stumps. Ercal wood !

AGARICUS GALERICUL A.TUS, Scop. Little cap Mycena.
Cooke's Handb., p. 07, Price, fig. 55.
Common on old stumps !

AGARICUS POLYGR AMMU S, Bull. Sulcate-stem Mycena.
Cooke's Handb., p. 0^. Sow., plate cexxii.
On dead wood ! Common.

AGARICUS ALCALINUS, /V. Stump Myeena.

Cooke's Handb., p. 00. Card. Chron. (1801), p. 1114.
On trunks of t rees ! Common.

AGARICUS TENUIS, Bolt. Slender Mycena.
Cooke's Handb., p. 70. Price, fig. 9.
Bitterley Churchyard. Mrs. Price.

AGARICUS ACfCULA, Schd'ff. Orange Mycena.
Cooke's Handb., p. 71. Sehojft', plate cexxii.
On dead leaves, &c. Wrekin Wood ! Autumn.

THE HYMEN0MYCETE3 OF SHROPSHIRE. 4.03

AGAPJCUS HCEMATOPUS, Pers. Bleeding Mycena.

Cooke's Handb., p. 72. Fries Icon., plate lxxxiii,, fig. 1.
On dead stump in Ercal Wood ! Sept,

AGAPJCUS SANGUINEOLENTUS, A. & S. Stinking Mycena.
Cooke's Handb., p. 72. Bull, plate dxviii, fig. P.
Common in Wrekin Wood in the Autumn !

AGAPJCUS GALOPUS, Schrad. White Milky Mycena.
Cooke's Handb., p. 73. Berk. Outl., plate vi., fig. 2.
Wrekin Wood amongst dead leaves ! Autumn.

AGAPJCUS EPIPTERYGIUS, Scop. Yellow-stem Mycena,
Cooke's Handb., p. 73. Sou', plate xcii.

Abundant amongst dead fern ! (Pteris aqualina). Wrekin
Wood ! Tibberton Firs, etc ! Common. Autumn.

AGAPJCUS VULGARIS, Pers, Common Mycena.

Cooke's Handb., p. 74, Berk. Outl., plate vi., fig. 4.
In larch plantation near Longswood ! Autumn.

AGARICUS STYLOBATES, Pers. Discoid Mycena.

Cooke's Handb., p. 75, Berk. Outl., plate vi., fig. 5.
On twigs and in shady places ! Common. Autumn.

AGARICUS TENERRIMUS, Berk. Delicate Mycena.
Cooke's Handb., p. 75. Berk. Outl., plate vi., fig, 6.

AGARICUS SACCHARIFERUS, B. & Br. Sugary Mycena.
Berk, and Br. Ann, Nat. Hist., No. 1,216.
On bramble stems ! Middletown.

AGARICUS CORTICOLA, Schum. Bark Mycena.
Cooke's Handb., p. 76. Sow, plate ccxliii.
On mossy stumps of trees, and on bark of living trees ! Common.

Sub-Genus VIII. — Omphalia.

AGAPJCUS MAURUS, Fr. Black-Moor Omphalia.

Fries Hymcno., p. 15G. Fries Icon., plate lxxiii., fig. 2.
On the earth, General Cemetery, Shrewsbury ! Nov.

AGARICUS PYXIDATUS, Bull. Variable Omphalia.
Cooke's Handb., p. 78, Berk. Outl., plate vi., fig. 8.
On lawns and hilly land ! Common. Nov,

AGARICUS SPHAGNICOLA, Berk. Bog-moss Omphalia.
Cooke's Handb., p. 79.

On sphagnum, Bomere Pool ! and Wrekin ! Autumn,

AGARICUS ONISCUS, Fr. Bolton's Omphalia,
Cooke's Handb., p. 79. Bolt., plate li., fig. c.
On Shawbury Heath ! Whixall Moss ! Autumn.

404 THE II YMENOM YC ETES OF SHROPSHIRE.

AGARICUS HEPATICUS, Batsch. Liver-coloured Omphalia.
Cooke's Handb., p. 78. Batsch., fig. 21 1.
On heathy places about Ludlow !

AGARICUS MURALIS, Sow. Wall Omphalia.
Cooke's Handb,, p. 79. Row., plate cccxxii.
On mossy wall tops ! Common.

AGARTCUS UMBELLIFERUS, Linn. Common Omphalia.
Cooke's Handb., p. 80.

On peaty soil in hilly districts ! South west end of Wrekin.
Autumn. Not uncommon,

AGARICUS VIRIDIS, Flo. Dan. Greenish Omphalia.
Flora Dan., plate mdclxxii., fig. 1,
On heathy ground near Weston, Shifnal !

AGARICUS RUFULUS, B. and Br. Reddish Omphalia,
Cooke's Handb., p. SO.

On charcoal beds on the Ercal Hill, Wellington ! Autumn.

AGARICUS FIBULA, Bull. Button Omphalia.
Cooke's Handb,, p. 82. Sow., plate xlv.
On damp moss ! Wrekin !

VAR SWARTZII, Fr.

On mossy ground, amongst Polytrichum !

Sub-Genus IX. — Pleurotus.

AGARICUS ULMARIUS, Bull. Elm Pleurotus.
Cooke's Handb., p. 40. Price, fig. 83.
On elm trees about Shrewsbury ! Rather common.

AGARICUS QSTREATUS, Jacq. Oyster Pleurotus.
Cooke's Handb., p. 48. Sow., plate ccxli.
On trees ! Not unfrequent. Autumn.

AGARICUS ACEROSUS, Fr. Lawn Pleurotus.
Cooke's Handb., p. 50. Lawn Pleurotus.

On grassy slopes. Shelton Rough, Shrewsbury ! Autumn.
Rather rare.

AGARICUS LETGIITONT, Berk. Leighton's Pleurotus.

Cooke's Handb., p. 51. Berk, and Br. Ann. Nat. Hist., vol.
xiii., plate ix, fig. 1.

On wood, Montford Bridge! Rev. W. A, Leigh ton. This oc-
curred on the wood cf a shed which has since been destroyed.

AGARICUS APPLICANTS, Batsch. Little Grey Pleurotus.
Cooke's Handb., p. 52. Sow., plate ccci.
On dead wood ! Not uncommon.

THE HYMENOMYCETES OF SHROPSHIRE. 405

Ser. II. — HYPORHODII.
(Spores pink or salmon colour.)

Sub-Genus X. — Volvaria, Fr.

AGARICUS VOLYACEUS, Bull. Stove Volvaria.
Cooke's Handb., p. 84. Sow., plate i.
In stones. Wrekin Wood ! Autumn.

AGARICUS PARYULUS, Weium. Little Volvaria.
Cooke's Handb., p. 85. Bull., plate cccxxx.
On the earth, Kingsland, Shrewsbury ! Autumn.

Sub-Genus XL—Flutcus, Fr.

AGARICUS CERYINUS, Sehcef. Fawn Pluteus.
Cooke's Handb., p. 87. Sow., plate cviii,

On dead stumps of trees. Autumn. Not common. Corporation
Gardens, Shrewsbury ! Lilleshall Wood ! Wrekin Wood !

AGARICUS LEONINUS, Schcef.

Fries Hymeno, p. 188. Grevillea, v. 6, plate xciii.
On dead wood. Wynnstay Park ! Autumn. Rare.

AGARICUS PHLEBOPHORUS, Ditm. Veined Pluteus.
Cooke's Handb., p. 89.

On dead wood. Wynstay Park ! Autumn. Rare.

Sub-Genus XIII. — Entoloma, Fr.

AGARICUS SINUATUS, Fr. Large-waved Entoloma.

Cooke's Handb., p. 90. Saunders and Smith, plate xi.
Norton Camp, Craven Arms ! Autumn. Poisonous. Rare.

AGARICUS BLOXAMI, Berk Blue Entoloma.
Cooke's Handb., p. 91. Price, fig, 89.

In exposed pastures. I have never found this in Shropshire, but
insert it on the authority of Mrs. Price.

AGARICUS SAUNDERSII, Fr. Saunders's Entoloma.
Saunders and Smith, plate xlvi.
In a farmyard near Eaton Constantine !

AGARICUS JUBATUS, Fr. Crested Entoloma.

Cooke's Handb., p. 98. Trans. Wool. CI., 1868.
Wrekin Wood ! Moist shady places. Autumn.

AGARICUS SERICELLUS, Fr. Silhj Entoloma.

Cooke's Handb., p. 93. Pers. Jc, plate vi,, fig. 2.
Pastures near Dorrington ! Autumn.

AGARICUS CLY PEATUS, Linn. BncUer Entoloma.

Cooke's Handb., p. 93. Berk. Out L., plate vii., fig. 0>.
Shrewsbury Racecourse! -May.

406

THE HYMENOMYCETES OF SHROPSHIRE.

AGARICUS NIDOROSUS, Fr. Strong-scented JSntohma.
Cooke's Handb., p. 95.

Preston, near Wellington ! Rev. W. Houghton.

Sub-Genus XIV. — Glitopilus.

Sub-Genus XV. — Leptonia, Fr.

AGARICUS SERRULATUS, Pers. Saw-gilled Leptonia.
Cooke's Handb., p. 99, Bull., plate cccexiii., fig. 1.
Pasture near Shrewsbury ! Autumn.

AGARICUS CHALYBEUS, Pers. Steel-blue Leptonia.
Cooke's Handb., p. 100. Sow., plate clxi.
Tibberton Firs ! Rev. W. Houghton. Autumn.

Sub-Genus XVI. — Nolania, Fr.

AGARICUS PASCUUS, Pers. Pasture Nolanea.
Cooke's Handb,, p. 101. Bolt,, plate xxxv.
In pastures ! Common. Autumn.

AGARICUS MAMiMOSUS, Linn. Nipple Nolanea.

Fries. Hymeno., p. 207. Bull., plate dxxvi. A sericeo.
In a pasture, Eingsland ! Autumn.

AGARICUS PISCIODORUS, Ces. Fish-scented Nolanea.
Fries. Hymeno., p. 208.

General Cemetery, amongst the trees ! Autumn.

Sub-Genus XVII. — Eccilia, Fr.

AGARICUS CARNEO-GRISEUS, B. and Br. Flesh-grey Ecc
B. and Br., Ann. Nat. Hist., No. 1001, with a figure.
General Cemetery, side of path ! Autumn.

Sub-Genus XVIII. — Clcmdopus, Smith.

AGARICUS VARIABILIS, Pers. Variable Claudopus.
Cooke's Handb., p. 98. Sow., plate xcvii.
On dead wood and sticks ! Common.

Ser. III. — DERMINI.
(Brown spores.)

Sub-Genus XlX.—Phuliota, Fr.

AGARICUS EREBIUS, Fr. Infernal Pholiota.
Fries, Hymeno, p. 210.
Norton Camp !

THE HYMENOMYCETES OF SHROPSHIRE. 40?

AGARICUS DURUS, Bolt. Hard Pholiota.

Cooke's Handb., p. 10-1. Bolt., plate lxvii, fig. 1.
Astley, in a pasture ! May.

AGARICUS PR/ECOX, Pers. Spring Pholiota.

Cooke's Handb., p. 105. Berk. Outl., plate viii., fig. 1.
On the earth, Ercal Hill ! May.

AGARICUS RADICOSUS, Bull. Rooting Pholiota.
Cooke's Handb., p. 105. Bull, plate clx.
On stumps of trees. Wrekin ! Not common.

AGARICUS HETEROCLITUS, Fr. Eccentric Pholiota.

Fries Hymeno., p. 220. Hoffm. Ico. Anal, plate xiv., fig, 2.
On dead trunk of poplar, Hopton Heath ! Autumn.

AGARICUS AURIVELLUS, Batsch. Golden Pholiota.
Saunders and Smith, plate ix.

On dead stumps of trees. Haughmond Hill ! Rare.

AGARICUS SQUARROSUS, Mull. Scaly Pholiota.

Cooke's Handb., p. 107. Saun. and Sm., plate xviii., fig, 1.
On trunks of trees, Longford Park ! Wrekin ! Common.

AGARICUS SPECTABILIS, F>\ Orange Pholiota.
Cooke's Handb., p. 108. Sow., plate lxxvii.
On stump of fir tree, Shawbury Heath ! Haughmond Hill !

AGARICUS ADIPOSUS, Fr. Pineapple Pholiota.

Cooke's Handb., p. 108. Berk. Outl., plate viii., fig. 2.
On dead tree, Haughmond Hill !

AGARICUS MUTABILIS, Schcef. Changeable Pholiota.
Cooke's Handb., p. 109. Price, fig. 123.

On dead stump, Lilleshall, Rev. W. Houghton. Downton
Castle ! Autumn.

Sub-Genus XX. — Inocybe, Fr.

AGARICUS PHCEOCEPHALUS, Bull. Bed-headed Inocybe.
Ann. Nat. Hist, Bull, plate dlv., fig. 1.

Preston, near Wellington, Rev. W. Houghton. " Only one
small specimen of this species" was seen,

AGARICUS PLUMOSUS, Bolt. Downy Inocybe.
Cooke's Handb., p. 111. Bolt., plate xxxiii.
Larch plantation, Wrekin ! Autumn.

AGARICUS PYRIODORUS, Pers. Pear-scented Inocybe.
Cooke's Handb., p. 115. Bull., plate dxxxii., fig. 1.
In a pasture, Treston ! Rev. W. Houghton.

AGARICUS SCABER, Midi. Bough Inocybe.
Cooke's Handb., p. 115. Sow., plate cevii.
On charcoal beds, Wrekin ! Ludlow ! Autumn.

408

THE HYMENOMYCETES OV SHROPSHIRE.

AGARICUS RIMOSUS, Bull. Cracked Inocybe.
Cooke's Handb., p. 118. Sow., plate cccxxiii.
Woods ! Autumn. Common.

AGARICUS GEOPHYLLUS, Sow. Wood Inocybe.
Cooke's Handb., p, 119. Sow., plate cxxiv.
In woods, Very common ! Autumn. The white and the
purple varieties are common.

Sub-Genus XXI. — Hebcloma, Fr.

AGxVRICUS FASTIBILIS, Fr. Ochrey Hebeloma*
Cooke's Handb., p, 113. SohceiT, plate ccxxi.

AGARICUS VERSIPELUS, Fr. Changeable Hebcloma.
Cooke's Handb., p. 111.
Under fir trees, Almond Park ! Autumn.

AGARICUS CRUSTULIXIFORMIS, Bull, Ring Hebeloma.
Cooke's Handb., p. 112, Berk. Out!., plate ix,, fig. 1.
Abundant in General Cemetery, Shrewsbury ! Autumn,

Sub-Genus XXII. — Flammula,, Fr.

AGARICUS CARBOXARIUS, Fr, Viscid Charcoal Flammula.

Cooke's Handb., p. 122. Journal of Botany, 18G8, plate lxxv.,
fig. 5-8.

Abundant on charcoal beds, Ercal Hill ! Wrekin ! Common.
Autumn.

AGARICUS HYBRIDUS, Fr. Hybrid Flammula.
Cooke's Handb., p. 123.

On fir stumps, Tibberton Firs ! Rev. W. Houghton.
AGARICUS SAPIXEUS, Fr. IS rights pored Flammula.

Cooke's Handb , p. 121. Pers. Icon. Desc. , plate iv., fig. 7.
Tibberton Firs ! Rev. W. Houghton. Autumn.

Sub-Genus XXIII. — Naucoria, Fr.

AGARICUS SEMIORBICULARIS, Bull. Half-round Naucoria.
Cooke's Handb., p. 129. Berk. OutL, plate ix,, fig. 4.
On pastures ! Common. Autumn.

Sub-Genus XXIY.—Pluteolus, Fr.

Sub-Genus XXV. — Galera, Fr.

AGARICUS TENER, Scha'tf. Slender Galera.
Cooke's Handb., p. 133. Sow., plate xxxiii.
On pastures ! Common. Autumn.

AGARICUS HYPNORUM, Batsch. Moss-loving Galera.
Cooke's Handb , p. 131. Sow., plate edxxxii.
On Poly Iridium and other mosses ! Common,

THE HYMENOMYCETES OF SHROPSHIRE. 400

AGARICUS SPHAGNORUM, Pers. Bog Moss Galera.
Cooke's Handb., p. 134. Bull., plate dlx., fig. H.B.
On sphagnum, Bomere Pool ! Wrekin ! Autumn.

Sub-Genus XXVl.—Tubaria, Sin.

AGARICUS FURFURACEUS, Bull. Mealy Tubaria.
Cooke's Handb., p. 136. Bull., plate dxciii., fig. 3.
On dead pieces of wood ! Very common. Summer and Autumn.

Sub-Genus XXVIL- Crepidotus, Fr.

AGARICUS MOLLIS, Schceff. Soft Crepidotus.
Cooke's Handb., p. 125. Price, fig. 25.
On fallen trees. Hopton Heath Station ! Downton Castle !

AGARICUS RUBI, Berk. Bramble Crepidotus.

Cooke's Handb., p. 126. Berk. Outl., plate ix., fig. 7.
On fragments of dead bramble ! Not uncommon.

AGARICUS PHILLIPSII, B. and Br. Phillips's Crepidotus.

B. and Br. Ann. Nat. Hist, No, 1,658. Grevillea, vol. vii.,

plate cxxi., fig D.
On decaying grass bents, Ercal Hill, Wellington !

Ser. IV. — PKATELLI.
(Purple spored.)

Sub-Genus XXYIII.— Chitonia, Fr.

Sub-Genus XXIN. — Psalliota, Fr.

AGARICUS ARVENSIS, Schceff. Horse Mushroom.

Cooke's Handb,, p. 137. Berk. Outl., plate x., fig. 4.
In meadows ! Common. This is brought to the Shrewsbury
market.

AGARICUS CAMPESTRIS, Linn. Common Mushroom.
Cooke's Handb., p. 137. Price, fig. 63.
In pastures.

Although this county can hardly vie with Hereford in the
quantity of this, the common mushroom, produced in favour-
able seasons, still it is enormous.

AGARICUS SILVAT1CUS, Schaff. Wood Psalliota.
Cooke's Handb., p. 1S3. Schceff, plate ccxlii.
Under cedar trees. Attingham Park !

VAR IIGHMO RRf rb 1 DAL LS, Kalch. Bleeding Psalliota.
Lilleshall Wood ! Autumn, ilov. \V. Houghton.
This assumes a blood-rod colour in the Jlcsli when cut or
bruised.

Vol. in. Al

410 THE HYMENOMYCETES OF SHROPSHIRE.

AGARICUS ECHINATUS, Roth. Bristling Psalliota.

Cooke's Handb., p. 80. Berk. Mag,, Zool and Bot , No. 38,

plate xv., fig. 1.
On decaying vegetable heaps ! Preston, Rev, W. Houghton.

Orleton, near the garden ! A very striking species.

Sub-Genus XXX. — Pilosace, Fr.

Sub-Genus XXXI. — Stropharia.

AGARICUS ^ERUGINOSUS, Curt. Livid green Stropharia.
Cooke's Handb., p, 140. Price, fig. 121.
In woods and meadows ! Very common.

AGARICUS SQUAMOSUS, Fr. Scaly Stropharia.

Cooke's Handb., p. 141. Berk. Outl., plate x., fig. 6.
In woods S Tibberton Firs ! Wrekin ! Rather rare.

AGARICUS STERCORARIUS, Fr. Dung Stropharia.
Cooke's Handb., p. 142. Bull., plate dlxvi., fig. 4.
On dung ! Common.

AGARICUS SEMIGLOBxlTUS, Batsch. Semiglobose Stropharia.
Cooke's Handb., p. 142. Grev. f., 344.
On dung or near it in meadows ! Common.

Sub-Genus XXXII. — Ilypholoma, Fries.

AGARICUS SUBLATERITIUS, Schoef. Brick-red Ilypholoma.

Cooke's Handb., p. 143. Smith Pois. Mush., f. 22.

On old stumps of trees ! Common.
AGARICUS CAPNOIDES, Fr. Fir-wood Ilypholoma.

Cooke's Handb., p. 143.

On old stumps of fir trees. Wrekin ! Tibberton Firs ! Down-
ton Woods !

AGARICUS FASCICULARIS, Huds. Tufted yellow Hyphaloma.
Cookes's Handb., p. 144. Sow., plate eclxv.
On dead stumps of trees ! Very common.

AGARICUS LACRYMABUNDUS, Fr. Weeping Hypholoma.
Cooke's Handb., p. 144. Bull, plate exciv.
On the ground and on stumps ! Not uncommon.
VAR VELUTINUS, Fers.

This variety is occasionally seen.

AGARICUS APPENDICULARIS, Bull. A ppendiculatc Ilypholoma.
Cooke's Handb., p. 14G.
On dead stumps 1 Common.

Sub-Genus XXXIII.— Psilocybe. Fr.

AGARICUS SEMILANCKATUS, Fr. liberty-cap Psilocybe.
Cooke's Handb., p. 148. Sow., plate ccxlviii, fig. 1-3.
In pastures ! Common,

THE HYMENOMYCETES OF SHROPSHIRE. 411

AGARICUS SPADICEUS, Fr. Bay Psilocybe.

Cooke's Handb., p. 148. Schoeff, plate lx., fig. 4-0.
On dead wood and on the ground ! Common.

AGARICUS FCENISECII, P. Brown Psilocybe.

Cooke's Handb., p. 149. Berk. Outl, plate xi., fig. 5.
In meadows ! Common,

Sub-Genus XXXIV.--Psa%ra, Fr.

AGARICUS SPADICEO-GRISEUS, Schoeff. Bay-grey Psathyra.
Cooke's Handb., p. 151, Schoeff, plate ccxxxvii.
On dead wood, chips, &c. ! Not uncommon.

AGARICUS BIFRONS, Berk. Changing Psathyra.

Cooke's Handb., p. 151. Grcvillea, v. V., plate lxxviii, fig. 2.
lu damp places in woods. Attingham Park ! 1874. Rare,

Ser. V.— COPRINARII.

(Spores, black).

Sub-Genus XXXV. — Pancvolus. Fr.

AGARICUS SEPARA.TUS, Linn. Distant-ring Panaolus.
Cooke's Handb., p. 155. Berk. Outl., plate ii., fig. 7.
On dung in pastures and woods ! Common.

AGARICUS FIMIPUTRIS, Fr. Bark-grey Pancvolus.

Cooke's Handb., page. 156. Berk. Outl., plate ii., fig. 6.
On dung in woods and pastures ! Common.

AGARICUS CAMPANULATUS, L. Campamdate Pancrolus.
Cooke's Handb., p. 157. Bull., plate dlxi., fig. 2,
On dung and rich soil ! Common.

Gen. II. — Montagnites. Fr.

Gen. 111. — CopviniLs. Pern.

COPRINUS COMATUS, Fr. Shaggy Coprinus.
Cooke's Handb., p. 161. Price, fig. 49.
In woods, sides of roads, etc. ! Common. Edible,

COPRINUS AT RAM E N T ARIUS , Fr. Inky Coprinus.
Cooke's Handb., p. 162. Price, fig. 40.
On decayed wood and on soil ! Common.

COPRINUS PICACEUS, Fr. Magpie Coprinus.
Cooke's Handb., p. 102.
On road side near Dorrington ! Rare,

COPRINUS EXTLNOTOlllUS, Fr. Extinguisher Coprinus,
Cooke's Handb., p. 164. Bolton, plate xxiv.
On the earth !

412 THE HYMENOMYCETES OF SHROPSHIRE.

COPRINUS FIMETARIUS, Fr. Shaggy dung Coprinm.
Cooke's Handb., p. 164. Bull,, plate lxxxviii.
On dung heaps ! Common.

COPRINUS NIVEUS, Fr. Snoioy Goprinus.
Cooke's Handb., p. 164.
On dung in meadows ! Common.

COPRINUS MICACEUS, Fr. Glistening Goprinus.
Cooke's Handb., p. 1G5. Sow., plate cclxii.
On dead wood ! Common.

COPRINUS RADIANS, Fr. Radiating Goprinus.
Cooke's Handb., p. 1G6.
On damp walls, Shrewsbury !

Butter Cross, Ludlow, Miss Lewis. Not uncommon.

COPRINUS NARCOTICUS, Fr. Stinking Coprimes.
Fries Hymen., p. 329.
On dung heap, Shrewsbury ! 1878. Rare.
This species has not been previously found in Britain.

COPRINUS RAD I AT US, Fr. Delicate Goprinus.

Cooke's Handb., p. 168. Bolton, plate, xxxix, fig. 100
On dung heaps ! Common.

COPRINUS EPIIEMERUS, Fr. Ephemeral Goprinus.
Cooke's Handb., p. 168. Bull,, plate exxviii.
On dung heaps ! Common.

COPRINUS PLICATILIS, Fr. Plaited Goprinus.
Cooke's Handb., p. 169, Price, fig. 33.
In pastures ! Common.

Genus IV. — Bolbitius. Fr.

BOLBITIUS BOLTON IT, Fr. Bolton's Bolbitius.
Cooke's Handb., p. 170. Bolt., plate cxlix.
On dung, Mcole Brace ! Not common.

BOLBITIUS FRAGILIS, Fr. Fragile Bolbitius.
Cooke's Handb., p. 170. Bolt., plate xcvi.
On dung in pastures ! Common.

BOLBITIUS TITUBANS, Fr. Wavering Bolbitius.
Cooke's Handb., p. 170. Sow., plate exxviii.
On dung in pastures ! Common.

Genus V.— CORTINATIIUS. Fr.

Sub-Genus I. — Phlegmacmm. Fr.

CORTINARIUS PUUPURASCENS, Fr. Purplish Cortin
Cooke's Handb., p. 175. Grcvillea, plate cv., fig. 2.
In Wrekin Woods ! Downton Woods !

THE nYMEXOMYCETES OF SHROPSHIRE.

413

CORTINARIUS TURBIN ATUS, Fr. Top-shaped C or t inarms.
Cooke's Handb., p. 175. Bull., plate ex.
Downton Wood ! Very rare.

COBTINAEIUS COLLINITUS, Fr. Smeared Cortinarius.
Cooke's Handb., p. 177.
Haughmond Hill ! Not common.

Sub-Gen. II. — Myxacium. Fr.

CORTINARIUS LIVIDO-OCHRACEOUS, Fr. Livid-ochry Cor-
tmariv.s.
Cooke's Handb. p. 178.
Shelton Rough ! 1875. Not common.

Sub-Gen. III. — Inoloma. Fr.

CORTINARIUS BOLARIS, Fr. Collared Cortinarius.
Cooke's Handb,, p. 180. Grevillea, v. V., plate lxxix.
Downton Woods ! Woolhope Club. Rare.

CORTINARIUS PHOLIDEUS, Fr. Scaly Cortinarius.

Cooke's Handb., p. 180. Grevillea, v. VII., plate cxvii., fig. 1,
Downton Woods ! Rare.

CORTINARIUS ARENATUS, Fr. Sandy Cortinarius.
Cooke's Handb., p. 181. Bull., plate dlxxxvi.
Bomere Tool, 1879.

Sub-Gen. IV. — Dermocybe.

CORTINARIUS TABULARIS, Fr. Flat Cortinarius.
Cooke's Handb., p. 182. Bull., 431, fig, 5.
Wrekin Wood, Rev. W. Houghton, 1875.

CORTINARIUS CANINUS, Fr. Rufous Cortinarius.
Cooke's Handb., p. 182, Saun. & Sm., plate xv.
Wrekin AYoods ! Downton Woods ! Common.

CORTINARIUS CINNABARINUS, Fr. Cinnabar Cortinarius.
Fries Hymen., p. 370. Grevillea, v. VII., plate cx,, fig. 4.
Downton Woods ! Woolhope Club.

CORTINARIUS SANGUINEUS, Fr. Blood-red Cortinarius.
Cooke's Handb., p. 183. Sow., plate xliii.
Downton Wood ! Rare.

CORTINARIUS CINNAMOMEUS, Fr. Cinnamon Cortinarius.
Cooke's Handb., p. 1S4. Sow., plate ccv.
Tibberton Firs ! Wrekin Woods ! Downton Woods.

Sub-Gen. V. — Telamonea.

CORTINARIUS BULBOSUS, Fr. Bulbous Cortinarius.
Cooke's Handb., p. 185. Sow., plate exxx.
General Cemetery ! 1875. Rare.

414 THE HYMENOMYCETES OF SHROPSHIRE.

CORTINARIUS TORVUS.. Fr. Crabby Cortinarms.

Cooke's Handb., p. 185. Bull., plate dc., fig. Q. R. S.
Wrekin Woods ! Not uncommon.

CORTINARIUS MPENNIS, Fr. Unplumed Cortinarius.
Fries Hymen., p. 370.

Bomere Pool ! 1879. The Rev. M. J. Berkeley, to whom I sent
fresh specimens and drawing, named this. It had not been
previously recorded as British.

CORTINARIUS HINNULEUS, Fr. Fawn Cortinarius.
Cooke's Handb., p. 186. Sow., 173.
Wrekin Wood ! Downton Wood ! Not Common.

CORTINARIUS EVERNIUS, Fr. Tufted Coi Unarms.
Cooke's Handb., p. 180. Sow., plate exxv.
Wrekin Wood ! 1875. Rev. W. Houghton.

CORTINARIUS ARM ILL AT US, Fr. Red Zoned Cortinarius.
Cooke's Handb., p, 186.
Tibberton Firs ! Rev. W. Houghton, 1874.

Sub-Gen. YI. — Hydrocybe.

CORTINARIUS CASTANEUS, Fr. Chestnut Cortinarius.
Cooke's Handb., p, 190. Bull., plate dxxvii., fig. 2.
Wrekin ! Downton ! Common.

CORTINARIUS ACUTUS, Fr. Acute Cortinarius.

Cooke's Handb., p. 101, Grevillca, v. VII., plate cxii., f. 5.
Ereall, near the Wrekin !

Gen. VI.— GOMPHIDEUS. Fr.

OOMnilDEUS GLUTINOSUS, Fr. Glutinous Gomphideus.
Cooke's Handb., p. 205. Sow., plate vii.
Wrekin woods ! Downton woods ! Not uncommon.

VAR ROSEUS.

Wrekin Woods ! Rare.

GOMPHIDEUS VISCIDUS, Fr. Viscid Gomphideus.
Cooke's Handb., p. 205.

Whitcliff, Ludlow ! Downton Woods ! Not uncommon.

Gen. VII— Paxillus. Fr.

PAX1LLUS INVOLUTUS, Fr. Involute Paxillus.

Cooke's Handb., p. 194. Berk. Outl., plate xii, fig. 5.

Wrekin woods ! General Cemetery ! Shrewsbury, &c. Common.

PAXILLUS PANUOIDES, Fr. Pale Paxillus.

Cooke's Handb., p. 195. Berk. Outl., plate xii, fig 6.
On sawdust, Wrekin ! Rare.

THE HYMENOMYCETES OF SHROPSHIRE. 415

PAXILLUS PARADOXUS (Kalchb.), Berk.

Fries Hymen., p. 244— under Flammida. Kalchbr. Fung.

Hung., plate xvi., fig. 1.
Ercall, Wellington, 1875.

The Rev. M. J. Berkeley considers this to belong Paxillus. Rare,

Genus YIII. — Hygrophorus.

HYGROPHORUS EBURNEUS, Fr. Ivory HygropUrm,
Cooke's Handb., p. 19G. Price, fig. 19,
In woods. Miss Price. Rare.

HYGROPHORUS COSSUS, Sow. Goat-moth Hygrophorus.
Cooke's Handb., p. 19o. Sow., plate exxi.
The Woods, Ludlow. Rare,

HYGROPHORUS OLIVACEO-ALBUS, Fr. Olive Hygrophorus.
Cooke's Handb,, p. 198. Schocff., plate cccxii.
Wrekin Woods ! and Bomere Woods ! Rather rare.

HYGROPHORUS HYPOTHEJUS, Fr. Fine-wood Hygrophorus.
Cooke's Handb., p. 3 98. Sow., plate viii.
Wrekin ! near the summit ! The Woods, Ludlow.

HYGROPHORUS PRATENSIS, Fr, Pasture Hygrophorus.
Cooke's Handb., p. 199. Sow., plate cxli.
In pastures ! Common. Esculent.

HYGROPHORUS VIRGINEUS, Fr. Satin-white Hygrophorus.
Cooke's Handb,, p. 199. Price, fig. 41.
In pastures ! Common. Esculent.

HYGROPHORUS NIVEUS, Fr. Snow-white Hygrophorus.
Cooke's Handb., p. 199. Schocff., plate cexxxii.
In pastures ! Common,

HYGROPHORUS FORXICATUS, Fr. Arched Hygrophorus.
Grevillea, v. IV., p. 36.
Attingham Park ! Rare.

HYGROPHORUS DISTAXS, Berk. Distant-gilled Hygrophorus.
Cooke's Handb., p. 200. Price, fig. 5.
In woods. Miss Price. Rare.

HYGROPHORUS METAPODIUS, Fr.
Grevillea, v. II. , p. 118.

View Edge, Craven Arms. Miss Lewis. Rare.

HYGROPHORUS OV1XUS, Fr. Sheep Hygrophorus.
Cooke's Handb., p. 200. Bull., plate dlxxx.
Longnrynd, Church Stretton ! Whitcliff, Ludlow ! Not un-
common,

HYGROPHORUS IIOUGHTONI, Berk. Houghton s Hygrophorus.
Grevillea, v. II. , p. 118. Grevillea, v. V., plate lxxviii., fig, 1.
Tibberton Firs ! Rev. W. Houghton. Whitcliff, Ludlow !

41 G THE HYMENOMYCETES OF SHROPSHIRE.

HYGROPHORUS L.ETUS, Fr. Shining Hygrophorus.
Cooke's Handb'., p. 200.
Whitcliff, Ludlow ! Rare.

HYGROPHORUS FOETENS, Phill. Stinking Hygrophorus.

Grevillea, v. YIL, p. 74. Grevillea, v. YIL, plate cxxi., fig. 13,
On the lawn, General Cemetery. Shrewsbury ! 1878 and 1879.
The odour of this species is very striking and disagreeable.

HYGROPHORUS COCCINEUS, Fr. Carmine Hygrophorus.
Cooke's Handb., p. 201. Price, fig. 57.
On pastures and lawns ! Common.

HYGROPHORUS MIN1ATUS, Fr. Vermillion Hygrophorus.
Cooke's Handb., p. 202.

On sphagnum, Bomere Pool ! 1873, Kingsland, Shrewsbury I
1879.

HYGROPHORUS PUNICEUS, Fr. Blood-red Hygrophorus.
Cooke's Handb., p. 202. Bolt., plate Ixvii., fig. 2.
Longmynd, Church Stretton ! Whitcliff, Ludlow !

HYGROPHORUS OBRUSSEUS, Fr. Golden-yellow Hygrophorus.
Cooke's Handb., p. 202. Bolt,, plate lxviii.
Whitcliff, Ludlow ! Not common.

HYGROPHORUS CONICUS, Fr. Conical Hygrophorus.
Cooke's Handb., p. 203. Sow., 881,
On lawns and pastures ! Very common.

HYGROPHORUS CALYPTR/EFORMIS, Berk. Hood-like Hygro-
phorus.

Cooke's Handb., p. 204. Trans. Woolh. Club, 1861, plate xxi.,
fig. 4-6,

Pasture on Kingsland, Shrewsbury ! Breiddcn Hill ! Rather
rare.

HYGROPHORUS CHLOROPHANUS, Fr. Sulphury Hygrophorus,
Cooke's Handb., p. 203.

Pasture on Kingsland, Shrewsbury ! Whitcliff, Ludlow ! Com-
mon.

HYGROPHORUS PSITTACINOUS, Fr. Parrot Hygrophorus.
Cooke's Handb., p. 203. Sow., plate lxxxii.
On pastures and lawns ! Common.

HYGROPHORUS UXGUINOSUS, Fr. Dingy Hygrophorus.
Cooke's Handb., p. 204.
Attingham Lawn ! 1873. Not common.

HYGROPHORUS NITRATUS, Pers. Nitrous Hygrophorus.
Cooke's Handb., p. 204. = Hygrophorus Murinacious.
On pasture, Kingsland, Shrewsbury I View Edge, Craven Arms !
Miss Lewis.

THE HYMEXOMYCETES OF SHROPSHIRE. 417

Genus IX.—Lectarius.

LACTARIUS TORMINOSUS, Fr. Woolly Lectarius.
Cooke's Handb., p. 207. Sow., plate ciii,
Tibberton Firs, Rev. W. Houghton. Downton Wood ! Not
common.

LACTAPJUS TURPIS, Fr. Dirty Laciarius.
Cooke's Handb., p. 207.

Wrekin Wood ! Haughmond Hill ! Not uncommon.

LACTARIUS OOXTKO VERSUS, Fr. Stained Lactarim.
Cooke's Handb., p. 203. Trans. Woolh. Club, 1868.
Under poplars, Copthorn ! 1875, Rare.

LACTARIUS PUBESCENS, Schrad. Pubescent Laciarius.
Cooke's Handb., p, 208.

On lawn in General Cemetery, Shrewsbury ! Observed for
several years in succession.

LACTARIUS INSULSUS, Fr. Uunsavoury Laciarius.
Cooke's Handb., p. 208. Berk. Outl., plate xiii., fig 2.
Wrekin woods ! Welshampton moss ! Common.

LACTARIUS BLEUNIUS, Fr. Slimy Laciarius.
Cooke's Handb., p. 209.
Wrekin woods ! Hadnall ! Common.

LACTARIUS PYROGALLUS, Ft. Fear-scented Laciarius.
Cooke's Handb., p. 210. Smith Poison, fig. 18.
Whitcliff, Ludlow ! Kingsland, Shrewsbury !

LACTARIUS PIPERATUS, Fr. Peppery Laciarius.
Cooke's Handb., p. 212. Smith P. M,, fig. 15.
Wrekin Wood ! Ford ! Ercal Hill, Wellington !

LACTARIUS YELLEREUS, Fr. Woolly-white Lactarius.
Cooke's Handb,, p. 212. Sow., plate civ.
Wrekin Wood ! Downton Wood ! Not common.

LACTARIUS EXSUCCUS, Sm. Dry Laciarius.
Cooke's Handb., p. 212.
Wrekin Wood ! Not common.

LACTARIUS DELICIOSUS, Fr. Delicious Lactarius.
Cooke's Handb., p. 213.
Tibberton Firs ! Wrekin Wood ! Common.

LACTARIUS PALLIDUS, Fr. Pallid Lactarius.

Cooke's Handb,, p. 213. Samid. & Sm., plate xvi.
Wrekin Woods ! Common.

LACTARIUS QUIETUS, Fr. Mild-reddish Lactarius.
Cooke's Handb., p. 211.

Wrekin woods ! Bomere Wood ! Rather common.

41.8 THE HYMENOMYCETES OF SHROPSHIRE.

LACTARIUS TI1EI0GALUS, Fr. Sidphur-juiced Lactarius.
Cooke's Handb., p. 214. Smith P. M., fig. 20.
Wrekin woods ! Sownton Wood !

VAR CHRYSORIKEUS, Fr.

Whitcliff Wood, Ludlow ! Not common.

LACTARIUS RUFUS, Fr. Fed Lactarius.

Cooke's Handb., p. 215. Smith, P. M., fig. 12.
In woods. Common.

LACTARIUS GLYCIOSMUS, Fr. Scented Lactarius.
Cooke's Handb., p. 215.

Tibberton Firs ! Rev. W. Houghton. Shawbury Heath !
Wrekin Wood ! Rather rare.

LACTARIUS SERIFLUUS, Fr. Thin-juiced Lactarius.
Cooke's Handb., p. 215. Berk. Outl., plate xiii. , fig. 4.
In woods ! Common.

LACTARIUS MITISSIMUS, Fr. Mild Lactarius.
Cooke's Handb,, p. 216.
Wrekin Wood ! Not common.

LACTARIUS SUBDULCIS, Fr. Sweet Lactarius.
Cooke's Handb., p. 217. Sow., plate cciv.
In woods ! Common.

LACTARIUS CAMPHORATUS, Fr. Camphory Lactarius.
Cooke's Handb., p. 217. Bull., plate dlxvii., fig. 1.
Ercal Hill, Wellington ! Church Stretton ! Rare.
This retains its strong odour after being kept for years as dried
specimen.

Genus X. — Russula, Fr.

RUSSULA NIGRICANS, Fr. Blackish Fuissula.
Cooke's Handb., p. 218. Sow., plate xxxvi.
In woods ! Common.

RUSSULA ADUSTA, Fr. Scorched Russula.
Cooke's Handb., p. 218.
In woods ! Not uncommon.

RUSSULA FURCATA, Fr. Forked Russula.
Cooke's Handb., p. 219. Bull., plate xxvi.
In woods ! Common.

RUSSULA SANGUINE A, Fr. Blood-red Russula.
Cooke's Handb., p. 219. Smith, P. M., fig. 17.
In woods ! Wrekin ! Not common.

RUSSULA YIRESCENS, l<r. Greenish Ihtmda.

Cooke's Handb., p. 220. Berk, Outl., plate xiii., fig. G.
Bomcre Pool, in the wood ! Wrekin Wood ! Rather common

THE ilYMENOMYCETES OF SHROPSHIRE. 419

RUSSULA RUBRA, Fr. Red Russula.

Cooke's Handb., p. 221. Schocff., plate xv., fig, 4-6.
Wrekin Wood ! Not uncommon.

RUSSULA HITEROPHYLLA, Fr. Variable Russula.
Cooke's Haudb., p. 222. Price, fig, 37.
In woods ! Common.

RUSSULA FOETENS, Fr. Fcetid Russula.

Cooke's Handb., p. 222. Sow., plate ccccxv.
Under oak trees ! Common.

RUSSULA SUBFOETENS, Sm.

Similar to preceding, but devoid of the fcetid odour. Common.

RUSSULA QUELETII, Fr. Qicelefs Russula.
Grevillea, v. VI., p. 71.
Wrekin Wood ! Not common,

RUSSULA EMETICA, Fr. Emetic Russula.

Cooke's Handb., p. 223. Smith, P. M„ fig. 21.
In woods ! Not uncommon. Poisonous.

RUSSULA OCHROLEUCA, Fr. Ochrey Russula.
Cooke's Handb,, p. 223.
In woods ! Wrekin. Not common.

EUSSULA FRAGILIS, Fr. Fragile Russula.

Cooke's Handb,, p. 224. Bull., plate dix., fig. T. U.
In woods ! Common.

RUSSULA ALUTACEA, Fr. Tan-coloured Russula.
Cooke's Handb,, p. 225. Price, fig. 36,
In woods ! Common.

RUSSULA. LUTE A, Fr. Yellow Russula.

Cooke's Handb., p. 226. Grevillea, v. VI., plate xci., fig. 1.
Attinghain Park ! Whitcliff! Under trees. Not uncommon.

Genus Xl.—Cantharellus, Fr.

CANTHARELLUS CIBARIUS, Fr. Edible Chantarclle.

Cooke's Handb., p, 227. Grevillea, plate cclviii.

In woods ! Common.
CANTHARELLUS AURANTIACUS, Fr. False Chantarclle,

Cooko's Handb., p. 227. Sow., plate ccccxiii.

In woods ! Common.
CANTHARELLUS CARBON ARTUS, A. tfc S. Charcoal Canthar-
elhis = Ca))t/iarellus Radicosus, B. d fir.

Cooke's Handb., p. 229. Saund. & Sm,, plate i.

On charcoal beds, Ercal Hill! Very abundant in 1869-1871,
but not seen since.

420

THE HYMENOMYCETES OF SHROPSHIRE.

CANTHARELLUS HOUGHTONII, Phillips. Houghton's Chantardle,
B. & Br.

Aim. & Mag. Nat. Hist., No. 15G5. Grevillea, v. V., plate lxxvi.,
fig. 1.

On dead stump, Preston, Wellington. Rev. W. Houghton.
Named after the discoverer, to whom I am much indebted for
my first lessons in Mycology.

CANTHARELLUS TUB^FORMIS, Fr. Tuboeform Chantardle.
Cooke's Handb., p. 228.
Wrekin Wood ! Downton Wood ! Rare.

CANTHARELLUS INFUNDIBULIFORMIS, Fr. Funnel-shaped
Chantarelle.
Cooke's Handb,, p. 229.

Whitcliff Wood ! Wrekin Wood ! Rather common.

Genus XII. — Arrhenia, Fr.

Genus XIII. — Nydalis, Fr.

NYCTALIS ASTEROPHORA, Fr. Star-bearing Nyctalis.
Cooke's Handb., p. 231. Bull., plate dxvi., fig, 1.
On decayed Russula nigricans, Wrekin Wood !
Ercall Hill, Wellington ! Common.

NYCTALIS PARASITICA, Fr. Parasitic Nyctalis.

Cooke's Handb., p. 231. Berk. Outl., plate xix., fig. 2.
On decayed Russula ! Not uncommon.

Genus XIV. — Marasmius, Fr.

MARASMIUS PERONATUS, Fr. Masked Marasmius.

Cooke's Handb., p. 232. Berk. Outl., plate xiv., fig. 4.
On deca}ring leaves on the ground ! Common.

MARASMIUS OREADES, Fr. Fairy-ring Champignon.
Cooke's Handb., p. 233. Price, fig. II.
Forming rings in pastures ! Common. Esculent.

MARASMIUS ERYTHROPUS, Fr. Fallid Marasmius.
Cooke's Handb., p. 231.
On decayed stumps ! Common.

MARASMIUS RAMEALIS, Fr. Twig Marasmius.
Cooke's Handb., p. 237. Bull., plate ccexxxvi.
On dead twigs ! Common,

MARASMIUS ROTULA, Fr. Collared Marasmius.

Cooke's Handb., p. 238. Beik. Outl., plate xiv., fig. 7.
On dead fallen twigs ! Common.

MARASMIUS AUDEOSACEUS, Fr. Black-stemmed Marasmius,
Cooke's Handb., p. 239. Bolton, plate xxxii.
On decayed fallen leaves ! Common.

THE HYMENOMYCETES OF SHROPSHIRE.

MARASMIUS INSTTITIOUS, Fr. Homy- stemmed Marasmius.
Cooke's Handb., p. 230. Berk. Outb, plate xiv., fig. C.
On decayed leaves, grass, &c. ! Common.

MARASMIUS EPIPHYLLUS, Fr. Leaf Marasmius.
Cooke's Handb., p. 240. Sow., plate xciii.
On fallen decayed leaves ! Common.

Genus XY. — Lentinus, Fr.

Genus XVI. — Panws, Fr.

PANUS CONCHATUS, Fr. Shell Panics.

Cooke's Handb., p. 2-14. Bull., plate ccxcviii,
On stump in YV hitcliff AVood ! Rare.

PANUS TOBULOSUS, Fr. Twisted Panus.

Cooke's Handb,, p. 244. Bolt., plate exxxxvi.

On stump of tree, Bicton, near Shrewsbury ! Rare.

PANUS STYPTICUS, Fr. Styptic Panus.

Cooke's Handb. p. 245. Smith P.M., fig. 6,
On stumps of trees. Common.

Genus XVII. — X erotus. Fr.

Genus XVIII. — Trogia. Fr.

Genus XIX. — SchhophylliLm. Fr.

SCHIZOPHYLLUM COMMUNE, Fr, Common Schizophyllum.
Cooke's Handb., p. 247. Grev., plate Ixi.
On dead wood, Wellington ! Rare.

Genus XX. — Lenzites. Fr.

LENZITES BETULINA, Fr. Birch Lenzites.

Cooke's Handb., p. 247. Berk. Outl., plate xv., fig. 3.
On stumps ! Common.

ORDER II— POLYPOREI.

Genus XXI. — Boletus. Mi.

BOLETUS LUTE US, Linn. Brown-yellow Boletus.
Cooke's Handb., p. 250. Price, fig. 29.
In woods, chiefly fir ! Common.

BOLETUS ELEOANS, Solium. Elegant Boletus.
Cooke's Handb., p. 250. Pricc/fig. 110.
In woods ! Common.

Vol. j ii. a

422 THE HYMENOMYCETES OF SHROPSHIRE.

BOLETUS FLAVUS, With. Bright yellow Boletus.
Cooke's Handb., p. 250. Bolt., plate clxix.
In woods I Common.

BOLETUS BOVINUS, Linn. Shallow-pored Boletus.
Cooke's Handb., p. 252.

Ludlow Woods, Miss Lewis. Wrekin Wood ! Tibberton Firs !

BOLETUS BADIUS, Fr. Bay Boletus,
Cooke's Handb., p. 252.

Tibberton Firs, Rev. W, Houghton. Wrekin Woods ! Whit-
cliff Wood ! Common.

BOLETUS SANGUINEUS, With. Blood-red Boletus.
Cooke's Handb., p. 252. Sow., plate ccxxv.
In pasture, Church Stretton ! Ludlow Wood, Miss Lewis.
Rare.

BOLETUS PIPERATUS, Full. Peppery Boletus.
Cooke's Handb., p. 252. Sow., plate xxxiv.
Tibberton Firs, Rev. W. Houghton, Ludlow Wood, Miss Lewis.

BOLETUS VARIEGATUS, Swartz. Variegated Boletus.
Cooke's Handb,, p. 252.
Ludlow, Miss Lewis.

BOLETUS CHR YSEN TE RON, Fr. Bed-cracked Boletus.
Cooke's Handb., p. 251-. Bull., plate ccccxc., fig. 3.
In pastures and woods ! Common;

BOLETUS SUBTOMENTOSUS, Linn. Yellow-cracked Boletus.
Cooke's Handb., p. 25 -i. Price, fig. 2.
In woods ! Common.

BOLETUS RUBINUS, Smith. Bed-tubed Boletus.

Cooke's Handb., p. 253. Journal Rot., 1SG8.

This was once found, but locality omitted to be recorded. Rare.
BOLETUS EDULIS, Bull. Edible Boletus.

Cooke's Handb., p. 25G. Price, fig, 63.

In woods. Common,

BOLETUS SAT ANUS, Lenz. Satanic Boletus.

Cooke's Handb., p. 257. Smith, P.M., fig. 27.
Ludlow, Miss Lewis. Poisonous. Rare,

BOLETUS LURIDUS, Fr, Lurid Boletus.
Cooke's Handb., p. 258. Grev. plate exxi.
In woods, Norton Camp ! Tibberton Firs ! Boreatton Park !
Rather Common !

BOLETUS LARACINS. Berk. Larch Boletus.
Cooke's Handb., p. 251.
Whitcliif, Ludlow ! Rare.

BOLETUS SCALER, Fr. Shaggy-stemmed Boletus.
Cooke's Handb., p. 259, Sow, plate clxxv.
In woods ! Common. Esculent.

THE HYMENOMYCETES OF SHROPSHIRE. 423

BOLETUS CASTANEUS, Bull. Chestnut Boletus,
Cooke's Hanclb., p. 261. Bull, plate cccxxviii.
Bicton, Shrewsbury ! Rare.

Genus XXII. — Strobilomyces, Berk.

STROBILOMYCES STROBILIACEUS, Scop. Cone-like Boletus.
Cooke's Hanclb., p. 261.

In woods. Ludlow ! Marrington Dingle, Miss Lewis. Very
rare.

Genus XXI II. — Festulina, Bull.

FESTULINA HEPATIC A, Fr. Beef-steak Fungus.
Cooke's Handb., p. 292. Price, fig. 22.

On trunks of trees, oak, &c. Shelton Rough ! Shrewsbury !
Ludlow Wood, Miss Lewis.

Genus XXIV. — Polyporus, Fr.

POLYPORUS PERENNIS, Fr. Perennial Polypoms.
Cooke's Handb,, p. 26-1. Price, fig. 86.
On charcoal beds in woods ! Common.

POLYPORUS SQUAMOSUS, Fr. Scaly Polyporus.
Cooke's Handb., p. 2G5. Price, fig. 115.
On trunks ! Common.

POLYPORUS PICIPES, Fr. Pied-stem Polyporus.
Cooke's Handb., p. 265. Grev. plate ccii.
On dead wood, Wrekin ! Rare.

POLYPORUS GIGANTEUS, Fr. Large-branched Polyporus.
Cooke's Handb., p. 26S, Bolt., plate lxxvi.
On beech tree, Attingham Park ! Ludlow, Miss Lewis. Rare,

POLYPORUS SULFUREUS, Fr. Sulphury Polyporus.
Cooke's Handb,. p. 268. Price, fig. 116.
On yew tree, N.E. side of Wrekin ! Not common.

POLYPORUS SALIGNUS, Fr. Willow rolyporus.

Cooke's Handb., p. 269. Bolt., plate lxxviii.

On willow, Haughmond Hill ! Not common.
POLYPORUS CHIONEUS, Fr. Soft-white Polyporus.

Cooke's Handb., p. 269.

Ou trunks, Wrekiti Wood ! Not common.

POLYPORUS C/ESIUS, Fr. Blue-grey Polyporus.

Cooke's Handb., p. 270. Sow., plate cexxvi.

On dead trunks, Wrekin ! Not common.
POLYPORUS DESTRUCTOR, P. BesirucUve Polyporus.

Coolie's Handb., p. 270.

About a sawpit on the Wrekin, on the very old sawdust !

424 THE HYMENOMYCETES OF SHROPSHIRE.

POLYPORUS NIDULANS, Fr. Nestling Polyporus.
Cooke's Handb., p. 270.

On Mountain Ash, Bucknall ! Downton Wood.

POLYPORUS FUMOSUS, Fr. Smoky Polyporus.
Cooke's Handb., p. 271.
On dead stumps ! Common.

POLYPORUS ADUSTUS, Fr, Scorched Polyporus.
Cooke's Handb., p. 271. Sow., plate cexxxi.
On dead stumps ! Common.

POLYPORUS HYSPIDUS, Fr. Hispid Polyporus.
Cooke's Handb,, p. 272. Grev., plate xiv,

On Ash trea, Shelton, Shrewsbury! Haughmond Hill!
Common.

POLYPORUS CUTICULARIS, Fr. Hairy Polyporus.
Cooke's Handb., p. 272. Bull, plate cccelxii.
On Oak tree, Kingsland, Shrewsbury ! Rare.

POLYPORUS DRYADEUS, Fr. Dripping Polyporus.
Cooke's Handb., p. 273. Ball, plate cccclviii.
Oak trees. Haughmond Hill, 1873 ! Kingsland, Shrewsbury !

Not uncommon. Remarkable on account of the globules of

moisture exuded from the pores.

POLYPORUS BETULTNUS, Fr. Birch Polyporus.
Cooke's Handb., p. 273. Grev. plate ccxlvi.
On Birch trunks, Bomere Pool ! Not uncommon. Generally
when young assuming the shape of a horse's hoof, and nearly
as hard.

POLYPORUS APPLANATUS, Fr. Flattened Polyporus.
Cooke's Handbook, p. 274. Bull, plate ccccliv,
On trunks of trees ! Not uncommon.

POLYPORUS FOMENTARIUS, Fr. Dingy-hoof Polyporus.
Cooke's Handbook, p. 274. Sow., plate exxxiii.
On trunks ! Common.

POLYPORUS IGNIARIUS, Fr. Fusty-hoof Polyporus.
Cooke's Handb., p. 2754 Sow., plate exxxii.
On trunks ! Common.

POLYPORUS RIBIS, Fr. Currant-bush Polyporus.
Cooke's Handb., p, 275.

At the base of old currant bushes ! Common.

POLYPORUS ULMAR1US, Fr. Elm Polyporus.

Cooke's Handb., p. 27G. Berk. Outl., plate xvi., fig. 5.
On old elms ! Common.

POLYPORUS ANNOSUS, Fr. Imbricated Polyposis.

Cooke's Handb., p. 277. SehcefV., plate exxxviii., fig, 1-3.
On stumps near the ground ! Common.

THE HYMEXOMYCETES OF SHROPSHIRE. 425

POLYPORUS HIRSUTUS, Fr. Bristly Polyporus.
Cooke's Handb., p. 278.
On dead trunks ! Not uncommon.

POLYPORUS VELUTINUS, Fr. Velvety Polyporus.
Cooke's Handb., p. 27.8.
On dead trunks ! Not common.

POLYPORUS VERSICOLOR, Fr. Common Zoned Polyporus.
Cooke's Handb., p. 279. Price, fig. 127.
On dead wood ! Very common.

POLYPORUS ABIETINUS, Fr. Whitish Fir Polyporus.
Cooke's Handb., p. 279. Grev,, plate dxxvi.
On larch and pine ! Not uncommon.

POLYPORUS FERRUGI NEUS , Fr. Rusty Polyporus.
Cooke's Handb,, p. 260. Grev., plate 155.
On dead wood, Attingham Park ! Common.

POLYPORUS VULGARIS, Fr. Common efused Polyporus.
Cooke's Handb., p, 2S2. Berk. Outl., plate xvi., fig. 6.
On decayed wood ! Common.

POLYPORUS YAPORARIUS, Fr. Creeping Polyporus.
Cooke's Handb., p. 284.

On dead wood lying on the ground ! Common.

Genus XXV.— -2Vametes, Fr.

Genus XXVI. — Dcedalea, Pers.

D^EDALEA QUERCINA, P. Oak Padalia.
Cooke's Handb. . p. 287. Price, fig, 20.
On oak stumps ! Common.

Genus XXVII. — Hexagona, Poll.
Genus XXVIII. — Favolus, Fr.

Genus XXIX. — Merwleus, Fr.

MERULEUS CORIUM, Fr. Leathery Mentleus.
Cooke's Handb., p. 289, Grev. plate cxlvii,
On dead trunks and sticks ! Common.

MERULEUS LACRYMAXS, Fr. Pry-rot Mentleus.
Cooke's Handb., p. 291. Price, fig. 30.

On timber, often in cellars, sometimes doing great mischief in
houses by destroying the woodwork.

Genus XXX. — Porothelmm, Fr.

426

THE HYMEXOMYCETES OF SHROPSHIRE.

ORDER III. — HYDNEI.

Genus XXXI. — Hydniim, Linn.

HYDNUM REPANDUM, Linn. Spreading Ilydnum.
Cooke's Handb., p. 294. Sow, plate clxxvi.
On the ground in woods ! Common.

This is esteemed good eating by some, but much depends upon
the plants being young, and being properly cooked.

HYDNUM ZONATUM, Bafsch. Zoned Ilydnum.
Cooke's Handb., p. 205. Batsch, fig. 224.
Whiteliff Wood ! Rare.

HYDNUM CYATHIFORME , Schcvjf. Funnel-shaped Bydnunu
Var. TOMENTOSUM.
Cooke's Handb., p. 296.

Wood at Bomere Pool ! Rare. A very flagrant species,

HYDNUM AURISCALPIUM, Linn. Fir-cone Ilydnum.
Cooke's Handb., p. 296, Grew, plate cxcvi.
On fallen fir-cones, Hanwood ! Ludlow, Miss Lewis. Common.

HYDNUM ALUTACEUM, Fr. Tan-coloured Ilydnum.

Cooke's Handb., p. 300.

On fallen rotten sticks ! Not uncommon.
HYDNUM NIVEUM, P. Snowy Hydnwn.

Cooke's Handb., p. 300.

On dead wood ! Not common.

Genus XXXII. — Hericmm, Pers.

Genus XXXlII.—Trcmrflodon, Pers.

TREMELLODON GELAT1NOSUM, Pers. Gelatinous Ilydnum,
Cooke's Handb., p. 293.

On saw-dust, Wrekin Wood ! Rev. W. Houghton.
This remarkable species lias occurred several times in great
quantity about a saw-pit in the above place.

Genus XXXIV — Mucronclla, Fr.
Genus XXXV. — Sistotrema, Pers.
Genus XXXVI.— Irpex, Fr.
Genus XXXVII.— Raduhim, Fr.
Genus XXXVIII. — Grandinia, Fr.
Genus XXXIl.—Odontia, Fr.
Genus XL. — Knciffia, Fr.

THE HYMENOMYCETES OF SHROPSHIRE.

427

ORDER IV. — TIIELEPIIOREI.

Genus XLI. — Craterellus. Fr.

CRATERELLUS CORNUCOPIOIDES, Pers. Horn-like Craterellus.
Cooke's Handb., p. 309. Berk. Outl., plate xix. , fig. 6.
Whitcliff Woods ! Ludlow, Miss Lewis.

CR ATE B E LLUS SINUOSUS, Fr. Waved Craterellus.
Cooke's Handb., p. 310.
Lillesliall Wood ! Ercal Hill, Wellington !

CRATERELLUS CR1SPU3, Fr. Crisped Craterellus.
Cooke's Handbook, p. 310. Sow., plate lxxv.
Wrekin Wood ! Down! on Wood !

Genus XLII. — Cladoderris. P.

Genus XLllL—Thdephora. Elir.

THELEPHORA SOWERBEII, B. and Br. Sowerby s Thelephora
Cooke's Handbook, p. 311. Sow., plate civ.
Tibberton Firs ! 1673. Rare.

THELEPHORA PALLIDA, Fr. Pallid Thelephora.
Berk, in Ann. Nat, Hist., No, 1574.

Tibberton Firs ! Found in company with the Rev. W. Hough-
ton, and forwarded to the Rev. M. J. Berkeley under this
name, who considered it doubtful whether it should not be
referred to the preceding species.

TELEPHORA LACIXIATA, Pers. Tom Thelephora.
Cooke's Handb., p. 313. Bolt., plate clxxiii.
On charcoal beds, Ercal Hill ! Common.

Gens XLIV. — Stereum, Pers.

STEREUM PURPUREUM, Fr. Purple Stereum.

Cooke's Handb., p. 316. Sow, plate ccclxxxviii, fig. 1.
On fallen trunks ! Common.

STEREUM HIRSUTUM, Fr. Hairy Stereum.
Cooke's Handb., p. 31G. Ore v., plate eclvi.
On stumps ! Very common.

STEREUM SANGUINEOLENTUM, Fr. Bleeding Stereum.
Cooke's Handb., p. 317. Crev., plate cexxv.
On stumps ! Common.

STEREUM RUB1GINOSUM, Fr. Pubiginous Stereum.
Cooke's Handb., p. 318. Sow., plate xxvi.
On dead wood ! Common.

STEREUM TABACJXA, Lev. Flaccid Stereum.
Cooke's Handb., p. 318. Bolt., plate clxxiv.
On fallen branches ! Ercal Hill. Not common.

428 THE HYMENOMYCETES OF SHROPSHIRE.

STEREUM RUGOSUM, Fr. Rugose Stereum.
Cooke Handb., p, 317.
On stumps ! Common.

Genus XLV. — Aiiricidaria, Bull

AURICULARIA MESENTERICA, Fr. Entire Auricularia.
Cooke's Handb., p. 319. Price, fig. 27.

On stumps. Broome Station ! Ludlow, Miss Price. Not
uncommon.

Genus XLYI.—Phlcbia, Fr.

Genus XL VII. — Corticium, Fr.

CORTICIUM L/EVE, Fr. Even Corticium.
Cooke's Handb., p. 321.
On decayed wood ! Common.

CORTICIUM CiERULEUM, Fr. Blue Corticium.
Cooke's Handb., p. 822.

Ford ! Ludlow, Miss Lewis. Not uncommon.

CORTICIUM CALCEUM, Fr. Chalky Corticium.
Cooke's Handb., p. 323.
On pine wood ! Common.

CORTICIUM QUERCINUM, P. Oak Corticium.
Cooke's Handb., p. 821. Grev., plate cxlii.
On oak branches ! Common,

CORTICIUM CINEREUM, Fr. Cinerous Corticium.
Cooke's Handb., p. 321,
On dead wood ! Common.

CORTICIUM INCARNATUM, Fr, Bright-coloured Corticium,
Cooke's Handb., p. 324.
On dead wood ! Common.

CORTICIUM COMEDEUS, Fr. Erumpcnt Corticium.
Cooke's Handb., p. 325.
On branches ! Common.

CORTICIUM TYPIUE, FeH.

On dead stems of Typha ! Common,

CORTICIUM PUTEANUM, Sclmm. Cellar Corticium.
Cooke's Handb., p. 315. Thelephora.
On the under side of decaying timber, &c. ! Common.

CORTICIUM SAMBUCI, P. Elder Corticium.
Cooke's Handb., p.
On elder branches ! Common.

Sub-Genus II. — Hypoclinus, Fr.

HYPOCHNUS OLIVACEUM, Fr. Olive Ilypochn^.
Berk. Outl., p. 2G9.

On dead wood, Shrewsbury ! Not uncommon.

THE HYMENOMYCETES OF SHROPSHIRE. 429

Genus XLYIII. — Solenia, Hoffm.
SOLENIA FASCICULATA, Pers. Fasciculate Solenia.

Cooke's Handb., p.. 329. Pers. Myco. Europ., plate xii., fig, 8, 9.
On decayed willow, Shrewsbury ! Not common.

SOLENIA OCHRACEA, Hoffm. Ochery Solenia.

Cooke's Handb., p. 829. Sow., plate ccclxix., fig. 3,
On dead bark of trees ! Common.

Genus XLIX. — Cypliella, Fr.

CYPHELLA GRISEO-PALLIDA, Fr. Pale-grey Cypella.
Var SAMBUCI.
Cooke's Handb., p. 326.
On elder, Shrewsbury ! Pare.

This docs not well accord with the description, and as I have
found the same plant both at Shelton and Nobold, near
Shrewsbury, each time on elder bark, I venture to regard it
as a new variety.

CYPHELLA MUSCIGENA, Fr. Whitish Moss Cyphella.
Cooke's Handb., p. 326. Price, fig. 45.
On moss, Wrekin ! Ludlow.

CYPHELLA CURREYI, B. cG Br. Carrey s Cyphella.
Cooke's Handb., p. 328.
On elm bark ! Not uncommon.

CYPHELLA CAPULA, Fr. Stalked Cyphella.
Cooke's Handb., p. 329.
On dead nettle stems ! Common.

CYPHELLA VILLOSA (Pers.) Villous Cyphella.

Cooke's Handb., under Peziza1 p. 090. Sow., plate ccclxxxix.,
fig. 1.

On herbaceous stems ! Common.

ORDER V. — CLAY ARIEL

Gen. L. — Sparassis, Fr.

SPARASS1S CRISPA, Fr. Crisped Sparassis.

Cooke's Handb., p. 830. Jour. P,ot„ vol. 6., 1861.
On the earth, Preston, near Wellington. Rare.
This handsome fungus has been found several years in succession
in the same spot by the Rev. W, Houghton. It is esculent.

Gen. LI. — Clavaria, Linn.

CLAVARIA BOTRYTES, Pen. Red-tipped Clavaria.
Cooke's Handb., p, 331. Price, fig. 76.

In woods. In a wood above Ludlow, Price. Ludlow, Miss
Lewis. Rare.

430 THE HYMENOMYCETES OF SHROPSHIRE.

CLAVARU AMETHYSTINA, Bull. Amethyst Clavaria.
Cooke's Hanclb. p. 331.
Whitcliff, Ludlow ! Rare.

CLAVARIA FAS TIG I AT A, Linn. Fastigiate Clavaria.
Cooke's Haudb., p. 331. Price, fig. 101.
In pastures ! Common.

CLAVARIA CORALLOIDE3, L. White Coral Clavaria.
Cooke's Haudb,, p. 332. Sow., plate celxxviii.
Wrekin Wood ! Rare.

CLAVARIA CINEREA, Bull Cinereous Clavaria,
Cooke's Haudb., p. 332. Grev., plate lxiv.
Downton Woods ! Llanforda, Oswestry ! Not uncommon.

CLAVARIA CRISTATA, Pers. Crested Clavaria.
Cooke's Haudb., p. 332. Grev., plate cxe.
In woods. Boreatton Park ! Not uncommon.

CLAVARIA RUGOSA, Bull. Wrinkled Clavaria.
Cooke's Haudb., p. 332. Price, fig. 43.
Whitcliff, Ludlow ! Wrekin Wood ! Rather common,

CLAVARIA AUREA, Schcef. Golden Clavaria.

Cooke's Haudb., p. 333. SchccfF., plate eclxxxvii.
Whitcliff, Ludlow ! Rare.

CLAVARIA ABIETINA, Pers. Fir-wood Clavaria.
Cooke's Handb., p. 333. Grev., plate exvii,
In fir woods ! Common.

CLAVARIA FLACCIDA, Fr. Flaccid Clavaria.
Cooke's Handb., p. 331.
In woods, Downton ! Not common.

CLAVARIA STRICTA, Pers, Straight Clavaria.
Cooke's Handb., p. 331.

In the Rev. AY. A. Leighton's Garden, Shrewsbury !
Determined by Mr. W. G. Smith. Rare,

CLA.VARIA FUSIFORMIS, Sow. Spindle-shape Clavaria.
Cooke's Handb., p, 335. Sow., plate 221.
In woods ! Common.

CLAVARIA IN.EQUALIS, Flo, Dan. Unequal Clavaria.
Cooke's Handb., p. 33G. Price, fig. 118.
In woods ! Common.

CLAVARIA VERMICULATA, Scop. White-tufted Clavaria.
Cooke's Handb., p. 337. Smith, E. M., fig. 1.
In lawns and pastures ! Common.

CLAVARIA FRAGILIS, Holms. Fragile Clavaria.

Cooke's Handb., p. 837. Sow., plate xc. and eexxxii.
Red Hill, near Shrewsbury ! Not common.

THE HYMENOMYCETES OF SHROPSHIRE. 431

CLAVARIA PISTILLARIS, Linn. Large-clubbed Clavaria.
Cooke's Handb., p. 337. Sow., 277.
Downton Wood ! Ludlow, Miss Lewis.

CLAVARIA ARDENIA, Sow. Lady Aniens Clavaria.
Cooke's Handb., p. 338. Sow., plate ccxv.
Mary Knoll. Ludlow, Miss Lewis. Rare.

CLAVARIA JUNCEA, Fr. Thread-like Clavaria.

Cooke's Handb., p. 338. Bulk, plate cccclxiii., fig. H.
On dead leaves ! Ludlow, Miss Lewis. Rare.

Gen. LIL — Calocera, Fr.

CALOCERA VISCOSA, Fr. Clammy Calocera.

Cooke's Handb., p. 839. Schocff., plate clxxiv.

On dead trunks of firwood ! Common.
CALOCERA CORNEA, /V. Horny Calocera.

Cooke's Handb., p. 339. Sow., plate xl.

On dead stumps ! Common.

Gen. MIL— Ptemla, Fr.

Gen. LIY.—Typhula, Fr.

TYPHULA ERYTHROPUS, Desm. Red-stemmed Erythropus.
Cooke's Handb,, p. 311.

On dead herbaceous stems, Wrekin ! Shelton Rough ! Not
uncommon.

TYPHULA GREV1LLEI, Fr. Greville's Typlmla.
Cooke's Handb., p. 3-12 Grev., plate xlix.
On dead leaves near Shrewsbury ! Ercal Hill ! Not uncommon.

Gen. LV.— Pistillaria, Fr.

PISTILLARIA QU1SQUILLIABIS, Fr, Fern-stem Pistillaria.
Cooke's Handb., p. 813. Sow., plate ccexxxiv., fig. 1.
On dead Pteris Aqualina ! Common.

Order VI. — TREMELLINEI.

Gen. LvT. — Tremella, Dill

TREMELLA FOL1ACEA, Pers. 2roliaccus Tremella.
Cooke's Handb., p. 315. Price, fig. 73.

On dead branches and trunks ! Not common. Near Ludlow,
Miss Lewis.

TREMELLA LUTESOENS, Pers. Yellowish Tremella.
Cooke's Handb., p. 315. Price, fig. 4-1.
On dead wood, Wrekin Wood ! Near Ludlow, Miss Price.

TREMELLA MESENTERICA, Rets. Orange Tremella,
Cooke's Handb., p. 315. Price, fig, 2G.
On dead sticks ! Common.

432

THE HYMENOMYCETES OF SHROPSHIRE.

TREMELA ALBIDA, Huds. Whitish Tremella.
Cooke's Handb.-, p. 810. Price, fig. 50.
On dead branches ! Common.

TREMELLA INTUMESCENS, Sow. Contorted Tremella.
Cooke's Handb., p. 31G.
On dead wood, Lilleshall ! Not common.

TREMELLA MORIFORMIS, Berk. Mulberry Tremella.
Cooke's Handb., p. 3-16. Price, fig." SI?

I insert this on the authority of Mrs. Price, but her figure hardly
gives a true idea of the usual form of the plant.

TREMELLA SARCOIDES, With Flesh-like Tremella.
Cooke's Handb., p. 753. Price, fig. 61.
On dead stumps. Common.
This is the early or Stylosporus condition of
BULGARIA SARCOIDES.

Gen. LVII.~Exiclia} Fr.

EXIDIA GLANDULOSA, Fr. Witches' Butter Exidia.
Cooke's Handb., p. 319. Bull., plate ccccxx., fig 1.
On dead wood ! Common.

Gen. LYIIL—Hirneola, Fr.

HIRNEOLA AURICULA JUDiE, Fr. Jew's Ear Hirneola.
Cooke's Handb., p. 849. Price, fig. 95,

On Elder tree, Aymestry Gate ! Bitterly, Mrs. Price. Horton
Lane, near Shrewsbury ! Not common.

Gen. LIX. — Sabacina, Tul.

Gen. LX.—Ditiola, Fr.

Gen. LXI. — Femsjonia, Fr.

Gen. LXII. — JS\cmatclia} Fr.

N/EMATELIA VIRESCENS, Corda. Greenish Nwmatelia.
Cooke's Handb., p. 350.
On furze branches ! Common.

Gen. LXIII. — Guepinia, Fr.

Gen. LXIV. — DacrymyCes, Nees.

DACRYMYCES DELIQUESCENS, Dub. Yellow Dacrymyces.
Cooke's Handb., p. 351. Price, fig. 58.
On pine branches ! Common.

DACRYMYCES STILLATUS, Fees. Orange Dacrymyces
Cooke's Handb., p. 352. Berk. Outl., plate xviii., fig 8.
On pine wood ! Not uncommon.

DACRYMYCES CHRYSOCOMUS, Tul. Yellow Fir Dacrymyces.
Cooke's Handb., p. 352.
On fir branches ! Common.

PLA TE 1.

SHROPSHIRE FUNGI.

DESCRIPTION OF PLATE I.

I. — Agaricus (Lepiota) Procerus, Scop.

Reduced to one-third the natural size. See page 398.

II. — Copriuus Micaceous, Fr.

Reduced to one-third the natural size. See page 412.

Ill— Bolbitius Fragilis, Fr.

Reduced to one-half the natural size, with a section shewing
the shape of the gills, and three spores. See page 412.

TV. — Cortinarius (Myxacium) Collinitus, Fr.

Reduced to one-half the natural size, with a section of a
young plant shewing the shape of the gills and the veil,
and two spores. Sec page 413.

V. — Hygrophorus Conicus, Fr.

Reduced to one-half the natural size, with section shewing
the gills, and two spores. See page 416.

VI. — Cantharellus Cinereus, Fr.

Reduced to one-half the natural size, with a section, and
two spores. Not hitherto found in Shropshire. See
page 419.

PLATE II.

SHROPSHIRE FUNGI.

DESCRIPTION OF PLATE II.

VII. — Marasmius Peronatus, Ft.

Reduced to one-half the natural size, with section shewing
the form of the gills, and three spores. See page 420.

VIII. — Strobilomyces Strobilaceus, Berk,

Reduced to one- third the natural size, with section shewing
the form of the pores, and one of the spores, See-
page 423.

IX. — Polyporus Sulfureus, Ft.

Reduced to one-fifth the natural size. See page 423.

X. — Fistulina Hepatiea, Ft.

Reduced to one-third the natural size, with section shewing
the tubes. The right hand small figure represents the
tubes enlarged, and the left hand middle figure four of
the spores. See page 428.

XI. — Hydnum Repandum, L.

A section, the natural size, and three spores. See page 426.

XII. — Stereum Hirsutum, Ft.

The natural size ; the upper left hand figure is a section of
the pileuSj and on the right hand two spores. See
page 427.

XIII. — Clavaria Abietina, Schum,

Reduced to one -half its natural size. See page 430.

XIV. — Tremella Mesent erica, Retz.

Natural size ; the left hand figures are the spores. See-
page 431.

2760 1