GENEALOGY
942.4501
SH84T
;1907
REYNOLDS HISTORICAL GENEALOGY COLLECTION
ALLEN COUNTY PUBLIC LIBRARY
3 1833 00855 1910
GENEALOGY 942,4501 SH84T 1907
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S 6
TR AN SAC TIONS
OF THE
SHROPSHIRE ARCHAEOLOGICAL
AND
NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY.
ESTABLISHED I 87 7.
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
3RD VOL.
MjL
PRINTED F O R 'J' H K SOCIETY.
SHREWSBURY: AD N I T T AND N A UNION, THE SQUARE.
OSWEST K Y : WOODALL, M INS HALL, THOMAS AND CO.
SERI E S
7
V I I
1907
1905010
WOODALL, MINSHALL, THOMAS AND CO., PRINTERS, ETC., OSWESTRY AND WREXHAM.
3rd Series, Vol. VII., Part I.
transactions
OF TIIK
Sbropshirc flrcbaeoloaical
AND
natural ftistorp Socictp
ESTABLISHED 1 87 7.
ALV RIGHTS.. RESERVED,;,
•'. J. -J
.. T ,4.
V ART I . > 3 r i) S E U IKS,
VOL. VII., 1907.
PRINTED FOR THE-. SOCIETY,
SHREWSBURY: A UN ITT AND N A U NT ON, THE S QUARK
OSWESTRY: W O O D ALL, M I N S H A t L , T H O M A S, A N 1> CO';
VoODAt.L. HlNSHAlX, THOMAS ANl> CO. OSWKSTKY.
By H. B. Walters
CONTENTS The Church Bells of Shropshire. V.
M.A., F.S.A. {continued)
The Herberts of Cherbury. By Florentia C. Herbert ... Montford Bridge. Tolls, Customs, &c, A. 1). 1285 to A.D. 1412
By the Rev. C. H. Drinkwater, M.A.
Wigley. By Henry T. Weyman, F.S.A. ... A Bitterley Broil in 1718. Booton versus Langford.
Rev. John R. Burton, Rector of Bitterley ... The Augustinian Friars, Shrewsbury. By the Rev. C.
Drinkwater, M.A. On the Library of More Church, Salop. By the Rev. W.
Clark Maxwell, M.A., F.S.A
Upper Millichope. By E. C. Hope-Edwardes ... A Terrier of the Parish of Diddlebury, 1637. Edited
Evelyn H. Martin
MISCELLANEA:
I. Her ilds' Certificate of the Arms and Pedigree of Hunt of Longnor, Co. Salop, 1623 II. A Letter written by the Great Lord Hill ...
III. Human Remains found at Presthope
IV. Chained Books in Salop ... V. Shropshire Deeds ...
VI. Mandate by Edward III, to the Sheriff of Salop, to arrest an Apostate Monk of Shrewsbury, 20 Nov., 1372
Index of Archaeological Papers published in 1905.
By H.
by
ILLUSTRATIONS. Shropshire Bell Founders' Marks.
Plate XIX.— Baschurch ...
„ XX. — Baschurch; Hordley
„ XXI. — Ness Magna ; Rudhall's Earlier Bell Stamp j
Adderley
„ XXII.— Child's Ercall; Norton-in-Hales ...
Lymore, formerly the Residence of the Lords Herbert of Cherbury ... ... .. ... - ...
Edward, 1st Lord Herbert of Cherbury (in the robes of the Bath) Facsimile Signature of Edward, 1st Lord Herbert ... .
Richard, 2nd Lord Herbert of Cherbury...
Edward, 3rd Lord Herbert of Cherbury ... ... ... ...
Henry, 4th Lord Herbert of Cherbury ... ...
Henrietta Antonia, Countess of Powis ... ... ...
Edward, 1st Lord Herbert of Cherbury (on horseback)... The Augustinian Friars, Shrewsbury : Ground Plan
„ „ (from an old engraving)...
Upper Millichope — Entrance „ ,, Interior
„ „ Upstairs Window ... ... ...
. „ „ East side
Hittffdtf Certificate of the Pedigree and Arms of Hunt, 1623 ... Litut.-Geneial Lord Hill, K.B
Chir^uiy "Church (to be inserted in Vol. VI., page 255).
Page
'.. 1 35
65 85
95
105
"5 "5
139
t
Hi iv v
V
VI
10
38
40
44 44 49 50 57 61
105 106
125 126 128 130 i Hi
SHROPSHIRE ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY.
CONTENTS of 3rd Series, Yol. VII.
Page
The Church Bells of Shropshire, V. Deaneries of
Eccleshall, Ellesmere, Whitchurch, and Hodnet.
By II. B. Walters, M.A., F.S.A i
The Herberts of Cherbury. By Florentia C. Herbert 35 Montford Bridge : Tolls, Customs, &e., 1285 — 1412. By
the Rev. C. H. Drinkwater, M.A. 65
Wigley. By Henry T. Weyman, F.S.A. 85
A Bitterley Broil in 17 18. Booton versus Langford. By
the Rev. John R. Burton, B.A. ... ... ... 95
The Augristinian Friars, Shrewsbury. By the Rev. C.
H. Drinkwater, M.A. ... ... ... ... 105
On the Library of More Church, Salop. By the Rev.
W. G. Clark-Maxwell, M.A., F.S.A. ... ... 115
Upper Millichope. By E. C. Hope-Edwardes. . . ... 125
A Terrier of the Parish of Diddlebury, 1637. ^v Evelyn
H. Martin ... ... ... ... ... ... 139
The First Bailiffs of Ludlow : an Early Chapter in the
History of the Borough. By Henry T. Weyman,
I'.S.A. x49
Early Salopian Pipes. By T. H. Thursfibld ... ... 160
Shropshire Earthworks. By E. S. Cop-bold, C.E.,
F.G.S 166
Charles II. and Tong. By the Rev. J. E. Auden, M.A. 177
Shrewsbury Paving and other Accounts, 54 Henry III., 1269-70. Transcribed and Edited by the Rev. C. H. Drinkwater, M.A. ... ... ... ... 193
The Churchwardens' Accounts of the Parish of Worfield. Part IV., 1533 — 1548. Transcribed and Edited by H. B. Walters, M.A;, F.S.A 219
Ecclesiastical History of Shropshire, during the Civil War, Commonwealth, and Restoration. By the Rev. J. E. Auden, M.A. 241
The Topographical History of Shrewsbury. By the late Rev. John Brickdale Blakeway, M.A., F.S.A., Edited by the late William Phillips, F.L.S. (Con- cluded). ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 311
V
iPage
Richard, 2nd Lord Herbert of Cherbury ... ... 44
Edward, 3rd Lord Herbert of Cherbury ... ... 49
Henry, 4th Lord Herbert of Cherbury ... ... ... 50
Henrietta Antonia, Countess of Powis ... ... ... 57
Edward, 1st Lord Herbert of Cherbury (on horseback) 61 The Augustinian Friars, Shrewsbury: Ground Plan ... 105 ,, ,, ,, (from an old en- graving) ... ... ... ... ... ... 106
Upper Millichope : Entrance ... ... ... ... 125
,, Interior ... ... ... ... 126
,, Upstairs Window ... ... ... 128
East Side ... ... ... ... 130
Salopian Pipe Marks. Plates, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6. 160, 161, 162,
163, 164, 105
Shropshire Earthworks : —
Pontesford Hill Camp, 1905 ... ... ... 167
Earl's Hill Camp, 1905 ... ... ... ... 169
Earl's Hill Camp, Sections ... ... .•• 170
Pontesbury Mound, Nill's Hill Camp, and The
Ring, 1905 ... 173
Billing's Ring, 1904 ... ... ... 174
Edward Calvert, LL.D 397
Heralds' Certificate of the Pedigree and Arms of Hunt,
1623 ... ... ... ... ... ■•■ ... i
The Great Lord Hill Hi
VI
SHROPSHIRE ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY.
ANNUAL MEETING.
The Annual Meeting of the Shropshire Archaeological and Natural History Society was held in the front room of the Music Hall, Shrewsbury, on Saturday, July ioth, 1907. The Right Hon. Lord Barnard (President of the Society), occupied the chair, and there were also present the Rev. Prebendary Auden, F.S.A. (Chair- man of the Council), the Rev. D. H. S. Cranage, F.S.A., the Rev. C. H. Drinkwater, the Rev. W. G. D. Fletcher, F.S.A., Mr. Herbert R. H. Southatn, F.S.A. , Mr. T. E. Pickering. Mr. J. Nurse, Mr. T. Roberts, Miss Auden, Miss A. Downward. Miss Humphreys, and a large number of other members and friends, the entire audience numbering about 150.
ANNUAL REPORT,
The Rev. Prebendary Auden, F.S.A. (Chairman ot the Council)* read the Annual Report of the Council as follows : —
During the twelve months covered by this Report the woik of the Society has been stea lily maintained. Two important efforts on hehalf of old buildings have been inaugurated, and partly carried out, under its fostering care. The one is the repair of the Tower of Shrewsbury Abbey Church, and the other is the excavations on the site of the Abbey at Haughmond. The first is a work of imperative necessity for the security of the building, while the second has yielded important results in determining the situation of the various parts of which the Abbey was composed. Since last Report the numerous MSS. relating to Shropshire left in a more or less complete form by the late Mr. William Phillips have been purchased at the joint expense of the Society and the Com- mittee of the Shrewsbury Free Library, and these will be utilized from time to time for the purposes of the Transactions. The Council have again to deplore numerous losses by death. The Earl of Liverpool, who as Lord Hawkesbury had been a Vice- President for many years, Rev. Prebendary Corbet, Rev. F. W. Kittermaster, and Mr. G. M. Salt, are among those who have passed away, and special mention must be made of two others. Mr. F. Goyne had performed the duties of Secretary for the long period of twenty-five years, and won the esteem of all the members of the Society, while Dr. Calvert, as a member of the Council and of the Editorial Committee, and as auditor of the Society's accounts, lias left a vacant place which it will be difficult to fill. Thus, as Wordsworth expresses it : —
Still glides the stream, and shall for ever glide ....
We men, who in the morn of youth, defied
The elements, must vanish; be it so!
Enough if something from our hands have power
To live, to act, and serve the future hour.
THOMAS AUDEN, M.A., F.S.A.,
Chairman
vii
STATEMENT OF ACCOUNTS.
Prebendary Auden also presented the Statement of Accounts. The Balance-sheet for the year showed that the members' subsciiptions amounted to ^177 8s., making, with receipts from other sources, ,•£223 4s. iod. The expenditure was £220 8s. 6d., leaving a balance in hand of £2 16s. 4$. A few subscriptions were in arrears.
The Chairman proposed the adoption 'of the Report and State- ment of Accounts. He said that, unfortunately, owing to the circumstances of his residing some considerable distance from the county, and owing to the fact that he had a good many irons in the fire, he had rarely ti c honour of meeting the members of the Society. He, therefore, esteemed it a very happy circumstance that he was able to be present that day. He could assure them that no one took a greater interest in the Society and its affairs than he did, and he always made a point of studying with very great care the Transactions of the Society, which, to him, were a matter of much interest, and he only wished he was able to devote more time to attempting to elucidate those hundred and one archaeological problems which would always, he ventured to think, face them. Perhaps when his son got older he would be able to assist him by relieving him of some of the work lying upon him, and in that case he hoped to have more time and opportunity to devote to a subject which had, from his earliest youth, been to him of the greatest interest. As it was, they must take his good inten- tion as the best he could offer. (Laughter ) The Report glided very lightly over two matters which were both of considerable importance. The first was the question of the repair of the Tower of the Abbey Church, a work which must cause a great deal of anxiety to all those who were interested in the state of such a magnificent monument as that, and, in fact, to all who were inter- ested in the glorious memorials of the ancient town of Shrewsbury. The cost, as they all knew, had turned out to be a very serious matter. At the same time he believed the promoters of the restoration work hail reduced that cost to the lowest limit possible without scamping the work. He had carried about with him for several weeks the draft of a letter which it was contemplated he should issue to the Press in London, appealing for assistance, but his duties recently as Chairman of the 1 >epartmental Committee on Agriculture had prevented him giving serious attention to the draft, although he hoped that he might now be in a position to further consider the matter. There was another point in connection with the subject, however, which made him hesitate, and that was the enormous number of appeals of every conceivable sort made to the public at the present time. He did not say for one moment that they were not perfectly justified, but the fact remained that unless erne had some specially powerful lever to work with, unless one was very careful and took special steps, the iesponse might be very
1 1 1
viii
inadequate, and there was a risk that the work one had in hand might be hampered rather than assisted. (Hear, hear.) At the same time, they might rely upon it that he should not let the matter rest, and he would be prepared to co-operate with and wel- come the assistance of anyone in Shrewsbury, or the county, or anywhere else in the country, who was interested in the preservation of that ancient monument, who would he p him, or give him any advice as to how an appeal to the public was most likely to touch the hearts of those whose assistan.ce they sought. Another matter which was referred to in the Report was the excavation work on the site of Haughmond Abbey, which, as they all knew, was due very largely to an enthusiastic archaeologist, one of their own towns- men, Air. Southam (Applause.) They could not be too grateful, he thought, to Mr. Southam for all he had done in connection with that grand old mediaeval building. Their thanks were due to him and to all those who co-operated with him.
The President next referred to the losses by death mentioned in the Report, and, alluding to the position of the Society, expressed a hope that there would be an increase in the number of those who to >k an interest in it. It had been mentioned that more numerous subscriptions were desirable. That was a truism, and was the case with almost every society, but at the same time he hoped they would not let it fall upon empty ears or treat it as a platitude. For a great number of years that Society had done extremely useful work. The work of archieology was not only of great value to the student of history, and to those who wished to study the evolution of the British r ice as it now existed, but it was also, as they would admit, a most fascinating and engrossing pursuit. To those engaged in other and laborious work it was a most diverting occu- pation to turn to, and he claimed that it was both useful and recreative. The traditions which clustered round the county and its many ancient buildings provided them all with an admirable study, and he felt that they might look forwaid with confidence to the future welfare of the Society. (Applause.)
Prebendary Audkn, in seconding, said the restoration of the Abbey Tower was a necessary and very valuable work. In regard to the excavation at Haughmond, they owed, practically, everything to Mr. Southam, and had it not been for the efforts which that gentleman had put forth the work done would not have been accomplished. Mr. Southam was a modest man, however, and he had not told everyone what he (Prebendary Auden) knew, and that was thai he paid a good deal of money out oi his pocket in connec- tion with it. He believed he was right in saying that there was something like ^'60 unpaid for which Mr. Southam '/as at present responsible. He only mentioned the fa- t so that those in a position to do so might help Mr. Southam in that matter. The Society had had ra her more losses by death than usual. They wanted more members, and they especially wanted more young members. Many of them who had been engaged in that work for a number of years
;u.;>,)hsm
ix
would like to see some of the duties falling on younger shoulders. He ventured to think that the study of archaeology brought with it a good deal of pleasure, and he would like to plead with young people to take a deeper interest in the work. As his Lordship had said, it was a most fascinating and agreeable pursuit.
The Report and Accounts were then unanimously adopted.
ELECTION OF VICE-PRESIDENT.
Mr. Heriuckt Southam said he had great pleasure in asking them to accept Mr Beville Stanier as a Vice-President. He knew the very great interest which Mr. Stanier took in work of that kind, and if they appointed him they would add a name to the list of Vice-Presidents wh ch would reilect the greatest credit upon it.
Mr. Souiiiam went on to thank the Chairman and Prebendaiy Auden for the kindly expressions with regard to himself, and to explain the w >r k which had been done, with a plan showing the walls which had bem exposed since the work began. He also expressed indebtedness to Mr. Hugh Corbet, the owner of the pro- perty, for his assistance, and for kindly acting on the suggestion that an iron fence shou'd be placed around the excavations.
Rev. D. H. S. Cranage seconded, and the motion was carried.
THE COUNCIL.
Mr. J. Nurse moved the election of the members of the Council for the ensuing year as follows :— Rev. Prebendary T. Auden, M.A.,
F. S.A., Miss Auden F.R.Hist.S., Rev. J. R. Burton, B.A., Rev. \V.
G. Clark-Maxwell. M.A , F S. A , Rev. I). H. S. Cranage, M, A., F.S.A., Rev. C. H. Drinkwater, M A, Rev W. G. D. Fletcher, M A., F.S.A., Miss Hope Edwardes, H. H. Hughes, Ksq., Rev. A. J. Moriarty, D.D , S. M. Morris, Ksq., E. Cresswell Peele, Esq., T.
E. Pickering, Esq., M.A.. Herbert R H. Southam, Esq.. F.S.A.,
F. R.Hist.S., Rev. A. Thursby-Pelham, M.A, and Henry T. Weyman, Esq., F.S.A,
Mr. Thomas Roberts seconded and the proposition was carried.
AUDITOR.
Mr. T. E. Pickering proposed the election of Mr. W. W. Naunton as Auditor in place of the late Dr Calvert.
Rev. C. H. Drinkwater seconded, and the motion was car. ied.
vote of thanks.
Prebendary Auden moved a vote of thanks to Lord Barnard for taking the chaii'. He said they valued their President very much, and were always glad when he was able to appear among them.
Prebendary Moss, in seconding, said they all welcomed Lord Barnard to bhre\v.-,l>ury, and the/ considered themselves highly fortunate when he was able to come amongst them and give them such an illuminating and instructive address such as that they had
X
listened to that clay. It struck him that among the many claims
archaeology had on the public interest there was one which to some extent seemed to have been forgotten -he meant the claim which it had to interpret the problems of the present day. We lived in such a rushing and hurrying world that there was no little danger lest we might be overwhelmed with the circumstances around us. He thought, therefore, that archaeology was not only recreative, but it was informing and enlightening. to look back on the past and see how the present had grown out of it. Certainly in Shropshire, with its ancient abbeys and castles, and old buildings of various sorts, we had innumeiable opportunities of seeing the links which bound us to the past, and interpreting their relation to the present. He was confident that the more the past was studied by the light of our archaeological remains and in other ways, the better we should be qualified to deal with those large problems which pressed upon us every day. (Hear, hear, and applause ) The Ciiai k ;.! an suitably returned thanks.
THE REV. D. H. S. CRANAGE'S LECTURE ON " A BENEDICTINE ABBEY IN THE MIDDLE AGES.''
At th? conclusion of the business meeting there was a very interesting illustrated lecture on " A Benedictine Abbey in the Middle Ages," by the Rev. I). H. S. Cranage M.A.. F S.A., author of A?i A rchitcctunit Account of the Churches of Shropshire. The lecture was illustrated by a number of lantern slides depieting the life of the Monks and the buildings of the religious houses, the lantern being worked by Mr. Marsh.
Mr. Cranage remarked at the outset that it was rather more than ten years since he had the honour of lecturing before that meeting on a similar subject to that which he had chosen for that day. Continuing, the Lecturer dwelt on the great part which St. Benedict played in the history of Monasticism by the foundation of the great Monastery of Monte Casino, in Italy, but in a greater degree by writing the Rule of St. Benedict, which had been called the Magna Charta of Monasticism. The throwing on the screen of a map of England at the Dissolution served to show the very large number of Abbeys and Priories of the Benedictine Order which existed in England. After tracing the history of the Benedictine Abbey from the Monastery of St Call in Switzerland in the 9th century and onwards, the Lecturer proceeded, with the aid of a plan of the Abbey at Shrewsbury, taken from Messrs. Owen and Blakeway's history, to point oul the various parts of a great mediaeval Abbey. The cloister walk next to the church was the scriptorium, where the monks copied and illuminated their manuscripts. Le ding out of the east walk, were the slype, or parlour, and the chapter house, where there whs a meeting every morning for reading of the Rule of St. Benedict, the discussion of the business of the Momstery, and the administration of discipline. The west walk seemed to
HI
have led at Shrewsbury, as at Durham and a few other places, to the common house, where a fire was lighted in cold weather. The south walk led to the refectorium, or (rater. The food of the m-'iiks proved an interesting subject for discussion, the Lecturer pointing out that in the early days no meat was allowed. Subse- quently the Rule in this respect was relaxed, for the Abbot was given power by St. Benedict " So to temper and arrange all things that on the one hand the monks' souls may be saved, and that, on the other, what the brethren did should be done without any justi- fiable murmuring. From an old book of customs an interesting extract was read as follows: — '" The youthful monk is bidden to wash his hands before his meals ; to keep his knife sharp and clean, and say his grace He is not to seize upon the vegetables, not to use his own spoon in the common dish ; not to lean upon the table, not to cut or dirty the table cloth. Further he is not to use his knife to carry the gravy to his mouth, but to help others, as only the ill-mannered and clowns take everything for themselves. He is to wipe his knife before he cuts the common cheese, and not taste first whether it be good enough for him. Finally, his meal ended, he is to clean Ins knife and cover it with his napkin." A picture was shown of the old pulpit at Shrewsbury, from which, dining meals, one of the monks read from the Scriptures or other improving bo ks. The large range of buildings on the south-west still to some extent, in existence, was stated to have been, in all probability, the guest house and places for the stores. Pictures of these, bearing date from 1731 to 1805, were shown. The suppres- sion of Abbeys was carried out under Henry VIII, mainly by Thomas Cromwell, Karl of Essex. The reasons for these suppres- sions were numerous, some being good and others sordid. The wealth of the monasteries was very great, and was calculated to be something like one hundred million pounds of our money, and this was the real temptation that Henry VI II. succumbed to. The smaller houses were dissolved in 1536 and the larger ones in 1 538 — 15^0. A brief reference was made to what became of the Abbeys at various centres in England after their suppression. Shrewsbuiy was parochial as regards its nave, and was, therefore, preserved, but other parts were pulled down, and were now ruins or else absolutely non-existent. An. American visitor had said, " How thoughtful your ancestors- were. They not only built churches for you to worship in, but ruined Abbeys for you to admire." '1 hose Abbeys were not always ruins, but the centie of a remarkable life which had the greatest influence on mediajval England. In many cases they had disappeared, but the present geneiation could reverently preserve all that remained The Shrewsbury Abbey was not the least important in England, and money was needed to put it in a sound condition : with that reverence which was felt for the past, they would, he thought, be glad to assist in the preservation of such a noble memorial.
xii
At the conslusion of the lecture the Chairman moved the thanks of the meeting to Mr. Cranage for the glimpse which he had given them into the Monastic life of the middle a^es.
Tea was afterwards piovided by the Society for members and friends.
ANNUAL" EXCURSION.
The Annual Excursion of the Shropshire Archaeological and Natural History Society took place on Tuesday, August 27th, 1907, and the following members and friends joined the party : — The Rev. Prebendary Auden, F.S.A., Miss Auden, Rev. Canon Living- stone, Miss Livingstone, Miss Hope-Edwardes. the Hon. Miss Glynn, Miss Lloyd, Miss M. Lloyd, Rev. E. H. De Castro, Rev. W. G. D. Fletcher, K.S.A, Rev. Dr. Moriarty, Mr. H. R. H. Southam, F.S.A, Rev. C. H Drinkwater, Rev. R. Haseler, Rev. J. G. Swainson, Mr. J Nurse, Mr. Scott Deakin, Rev. S. A. Woolward, Rev. E, B. Partleet, Mr. S. Heighway, Mr. F. G. Morris, Mr. J. A. Morris, Miss Morris, Mr. A. E. Cooper (Assistant Secretary), &c.
The district chosen was the extreme edge of Shropshire border- ing upon Denbighshire, where the fertile valleys were for centuries debatable ground, first between tribes and then between nations The party left Shrewsbury by the 10-5 train for Oswestry, where they were met at the station by the carriages and drove direct to Llanyblodwel. Their way took them past Oswestry Church and through Morda. with a glimpse of Sweeney Hall on the left, to the limestone district of P01 thywaen, and up the Tanat Valley. '1 he picturesque bridge of Llanyblodwel was noticed just before the Church was reached and recalled the fact that in the days of pack- horse-traffic it served an important road to Llansaintffraid and the country beyond.
LLANYBLODWEL.
At Llanyblodwel Church the members were met by the Vicar, the Rev. J. Allen Jones, who kindly acted as guide, and showed them, among other things, the bassoon and violinccllo formerly used in the choir. The Church was added to and much altered about 50 years ago, when the peculiar steeple was built and the internal decorations added,, but it. retains a south doorway of the late 1 2th century, and a nave arcade of somewnat later date. '1 he chancel screen is partly of line eld work with oak carving of the late 15th century. The south door of the church bears the initials R.13. : E.D. Waidens 1/13. and the parish possesses two good oak chests, one with the usual three locks. In the churchyard are two fine stone coffins and some interesting fragments of stone, one carved with a hare, probably in allusion to St. Melangell, the patron saint of hares, whose church at Pennant Melangell received the tithe:, ol Bryn in the parish of Llanyblodwel. The gift was probably made by Rerid Vlaidd, lord of Pennant and also lord of bryn, and it was given to provide oats lor the parson of Pennant's horse.
Xlll
SYCHARTH.
The party walked under the guidance of the Vicar through the pleasant grounds of the Vicarage back to the road, where the carriages were waiting, and having thanked the Rev. J. A. Jones for his kindness they drove on past Glan yr-avon to Sycharth, where an entrenched mound marks the site of one of the chief houses of Owen Glyndwr Here the Rev. Prebendary Auden read the following paper : —
OWEN GLYNDWR AND SYCHARTH.
Mr. A. (x. Bradley, in his woik on Owen Glyndwr, in the Heroes of the Nation series, claims for him that he stands at the head of Welsh patriots, and in reputation towers above all the rest. It :s 10 be feared, however, that the details of his career are known to comparatively few outside the Principality and its borderland, though many moie are familiar with his name as one of the characters of Shakespeare. In the play of Henry IV. (part i) the dramatist introduces him as surrounded by an atmosphere of mystery and magic, as one at whose birth
" The front of heaven was full of fiery shapes ; The goats ran from the mountains, and the herds Were strangely clamorous to the frighted fields" —
and as altogether one not in the roll of common men.1
We need not, however, go to what is legendary to arrive at Owen Glyndwr's greatness— a man who for more than ten years remained unconquered in face of the power of the whole English Kingdom deserves our highest respect.
Born in or about the year 1359, it is remarkable that for the first 40 years of his life he was a peaceful, law-abiding subject of the King. And he was no wild bandit chief. In Shakespeare's play, already quoted, when Hotspur taunts him, he replies —
" I can speak English, lord, as well as you, For I was trained up in the English Court. ' 2
And this is confirmed by history. As a youth he was a squire to Henry of Polingbrol.e, afterwards Henry IV., and his bitterest enemy; possibly oefore that to King Richard II.3 In his early manhood he married the daughter of Sir David Hanmer of Hanmer, and was the father of a numerous family.4 He had two homes in North Wales -the one at Glyndyfrdwy, near Llangollen, the other at Sycharth, where we stand. He had also some possessions in South Wales. At one or other of these northern homes he was leading the life of an ordinary country gentleman, when a quarrel with one of his neighbours wrought a complete change in his life. This neighbour was Lord Grey of Ruthin, one of the Marcher barons,
1 Act III., Sc. 1. a Act hi Sc. j
3 Wylic's Henry IV, Vol. 1, p. 143. * Wylic's Henry IV., Vol. 1, p. I43.
xiv
who seized a strip of land which formed part of Owen's estate.1 The matter was tried in the law courts, and Owen's claim was sustained, but when — towards the c'ose of 1399— the crown passed from Richard II. to Henry IV., Lord Grey took the opportunity of again seizing the coveted territory. Owen's second appeal was contemp- tuously refused, and he resoited to arms. This quarrel between the two neighbours soon took a wider sweep and assumed larger dimen- sions. It was an easy matter for his enemies at Henry's Court to denounce Owen as opposed to the new King, and he was treated as a rebel. Time will not allow us to pursue the story. It is largely summed up in the words Shakespeare puts into his mouth : —
Three times hath Henry Bolinbroke rrade head Against my po\ver : thrice from the banks of Wye And sandy-bottomed Severn have I sent Him bootless home and weather-beaten back.-
And everyone here will remember his association with the Battle of Shrewsbury. True, we must give up the tradition of his climbing the Shelton Oak to watch its progress, but he was in alliance with the Percies in their rebellion and had he come up from South Wales in time, the battle might have had a different result. He held out against the King to the last, and at length, according to tradition, died in the house of his youngest daughter, about the year 14 16 or later, and rests in the churchyard of Monnington, in the county of Hereford, which was his daughter's married home,3 I turn now to Sycharth itself. It is, I think, impossible to study the site without arriving at the conclusion that it was occupied by a dwelling long before the time of Glyndwr. The central mound, with its surrounding ditches, goes back to Saxon, or, at least, Norman times, when it would be occupied by a house constructed of wood and protected by a stockade. We know nothing as to the period at which this gave way to a more substantial edifice, but it happens that we possess two records contemporary with Glyndwr, one of which describes the house which he himself inhabited, and the other what were the circumstances under which it was destroyed. Owen had among his friends a poet by name Gruffydd Llwyd, but better known by his bardic appellation of Iolo Goch. This friend, apparently, often stayed at Sycharth, and he has left us an account of tho house and its management.4 He speaks of its large extent, embracing nine halls, or rooms, each furnished with a wardrobe to hold clothes for his retainers; and in illustration of this latter fact it may be mentioned in passing that there is a tradition that on one occasion Glyndwr caused Lord Grey to retreat from a contemplated raid by driving a number of stakes into the ground and covering
1 Bradley's Owen Glyndwr, p. ill.
- Act III., Sc. i.
3 Bradley's March and Borderland of Wales, p. 66.
4 Bradley's Owen Glyndwr, p. 10 1.
XV
them each with a cap and jacket, which were mistaken for men.1 lolo goes on to say that near the house itself, on a verdant bank, was a wooden building supported on posts and roofed with tiles, where, in eight rooms were sleeping apartments for guests ; and that there was also a cruciform church containing several chapels. Among the surroundings were the usual accompaniments of a gentleman's residence —entrance gateway, pigeon-house, mill, fish- pond, heronry, and so on —and a park well stocked with game. The owner was held in such respect that bolts and bars were unknown, and so profuse w is the hospitality that no porter was needed at the gate.- Nor does the poet forget the mistress of the establishment. He lias not only praise for her white bread and her metheglyn, but for herself as the best of wives and the mother of a b autiful nest of chieftains
It is sad to think that this mansion, which called forth so much poetic enthusiasm, was destined so soon to more or less complete destruction. Among the 44 Original Letters illustrative of English History" preserved in the British Museum and printed by Sir Henry Ellis, is one in Norman French from Henry, Prince of Wales, afterwards Henry V., addressed to the king and his Council.3 It bears date May 15th, but without mentioning the year. It is uncertain whether it belongs to 1401, 1402, or 1403, but any way, it was written not long before the Battle of Shrewsbury. The Prince was not much more than a boy, but his father had sent him to the Welsh border to ascertain the state of affairs before he came himself, The letter, it will be noticed, shows the Prince in a very different light from the Madcap Harry of Shakespeare
The translation of the part bearing on our present subjc ct is as follows : — " Very dear and entirely well beloved, we greet you much from our whole heart, thanking you very dearly for the attention ycu have paid to everything needful that concerned us during our absence ; and we pray of you very earnestly the continuance of your good and kind disposition, as our trust is in you. By way of news that have here occurred, if you wish to hear of them, we have among other matters been lately informed that Oweyn de Glyn- dourdy has assembled his forces and those of other rebels adhering to him, in great number, purposing to commit inroads, and in case of any resistance being made to him by the English, to come to battle with them, for so he vaunted to his people ; wherefore we took our forces and marched to a place of the said Oweyn, well built, which was his principal mansion, called Saghern, where we thought we should have found him, if he had an inclination to fight in the manner he had said ; but on our arrival there we found no- body, and therefore caused the whole place to be burnt, and several other houses near it belonging to his tenants. . ."
1 Nicholson's Cambrian Guide, (I8ij), p. 7S0.
2 Wylie's Henry I V. , p. 143.
3 l.llis's Letters, bcries II , Vol. 1, p. 10.
xvi
The letter then goes on to state that the prince afterwards marched straight to Owen's other place at Glyndourdy, and burnt a fine lodge in his park and put to death a friend of his whom they captured Then, having related how they further laid waste the country of Merioneth and Powys, the letter concludes : '• May our Lord have you always in His holy keeping. Given under our seal at Shrewsbury the 15th day of May."
What was the real extent of this destruction wrought by the Prince at Sycharth we have no means of knowing — he evidently regarded it as complete The place was probably never restored, at least to any large extent, for during the rest of his career Glyndwr had no opportunity of settled life. He had committed himself to a game of which the stakes were nothing less than royalty, and the play involved constant movement from place to place. He is well described by his contemporary Capgrave as one " whom the King was continually searching for and never was able to find, for wandering among the mountains and caverns of Wales, he had never any certain dwelling place, nor indeed could lie be captured by anyone." 1
Sycharth probably remained a ruin as left by Prince Henry's soldier?, and through the live centuries which have since rolled by became, like other ruins, a quarry for new erections in the neigh- bourhood. When Pennant visited the spot in the second half cf the 18th century, there were stones still to be seen scattered about,2 but all these have now disappeared, and greensward, covering the earth. woiks, alone remains. But its memories like the grass are green. Sycharth must ever remain a sacred spot — to the Welsh first, but after them to all others who reverence whatever is noble, and brave, and patriotic in the annals of the past.3
LLANSILIN.
Walking- down through the yard of the mill that has succeeded the one mentioned by Iolo Goch, the drive was resumed to Llan- silm, where the attention of the party was first given to lunch, after which they made their way to the interesting Church, where they were met, in the absence of the Vicar, by the Rev. K. James. The Church, which was very carefully and conserva- tively restored in 1890, contains traces of 12th Century work, hut its foundation is ascribed to St. Silin (or Sulicn) himself, who came over with St. Cadvan from Brittany in the 6th Cen- turv. A well bearing the name of the Saint still exists at Tyn- llan, and two Churches in Cardiganshire are dedicated to him.
1 Book of Illustrious Henries, p. 12 \
2 Nicholson's Cambrian Guide, p. 780.
:1 The accompanying Illustration of Sycharth is from a photograph by Mr. II. H. Ilu'jlu The site occupies the whole of the front of the picture, between the two while crosses. The moat is plainly visible, on the left side, underneath the white palings.
XVI 1
Einion Efell, lord of the district where Llansilin lies, was cousin of Prince Madoc, who in 1199 founded the Abbey of Valle Crucis, and the two capitals now at the eastern and western ends of the aisle at Llansilin are similar in design to those at Valle Crucis. It is possible that Llansilin suffered in the troubles of the time of Owen Glyndwr, for the Church bears marks of reconstruction in (he 15th Century, when the arcade was rebuilt, and the east window and tine carved chancel roof were given. In the 16th or 17th Century the gallery was added and the font cover and altar table carved. The latter bears traces of having stood originally endways in the Chancel. The interesting alms box bears the date 1004, and the quaint collecting boxes are rather later. A fine " lion and unicorn " of the time of Queen Anne is in the north aisle, and there is some good iron work on an early iSth Century mural monument in the vestry. A very fine brass candlelabrum hangs in the chancel, and a quaint wooden one in the gallery. A portion of an old stone altar slab now serves as a sill to the south window of the chancel. In the churchyard are several remarkably fine yew trees, and a good Jacobean altar tomb now without any inscription. The modern stone marking the place of the poet Huw Morris (Eos Ceiriog) was noted, and also the marks on the south door as- cribed to bullets of the Parliamentarian soldiers. Sir John Watts, the Royalist governor of Chirk Castle, was a friend of Mr. Jarvis, the then Vicar of Llansilin, and a letter of his to the Vicar (now framed in the Vestry) was found in a mortice hole of a beam in the west gallery. On September 22nd, 1645, the King's Army passed through Llansilin, and in February, 1646, a Parliamentarian force took possession of the Church there and used it as a garrison against the Royalists of Chirk Castle.
The parish of Llansilin is rich in interesting old houses, and has given birth to several eminent men, among them Sir William Williams, of Glascoed, ancestor of the Wynns of Wynnstay.
HEN DINAS (old oswestry). The party left Llansilin soon after three o'clock and drove past Rhyd-y-croesau, where they re-entered Shropshire, up to the old Oswestry race-course— a very pleasant road with beauti- ful views of the surrounding country— crossing Offa's Dyke on the way. Passing through the town they drove to the base of Hen Dinas (Old Oswestry), where they were met by Mr. II. B. Cane, who kindly guided them up to the top of the Camp. Nothing historical is known of this great entrenchment, which is nearly fifteen acres in extent, but it was probably a place of refuge for flocks and herds in time of warfare. Tradition ascribes it to a giant Ogurvan, who was father to Gwenhwyfar (Guinevere), King Arthur's Queen. The romance of Payn Pcvcrel speaks ol it as a ruined city, watched over by a demon
XV111
who was routed by the hero, and Leland in his Itinerary (circa 1540) says of it : —
" The tonne or castelle of Hen Dinas standeth upon a rounde hillet about half a mile in cumpace. Ther be iii greate diches in the bottom of the hillet cumpasing it and in the toppe of the hille now grow great trees of oke. The cummune people say that ther was a city withyn those diches. I think rather a campe of men of war, which peraventure was the campe when Penda and Oswalde did fight, There is another hillet of caste yerth bytvvixt it and Oswestre, not far from Dinas self."
From Hen Dinas the party drove back to Oswestry, where the majority of them caugTit the 5-48 train to Shrewsbury, after an interesting and enjoyable day spent in pleasant country in delightful summer weather.
xix
MINUTES OF THE MONTHLY COUNCIL MEETINGS.
November 14, 1906. — Rev. Prebendary Audcn, F.S.A., in the Chair.
The following resolution, proposed by the Chairman, and seconded by Rev. C. H. Drinkuater, was passed:
"'The Council of the Shropshire Archaeological and Natural History Society deside to record their deep sense of the loss sustained hy the death of Mr. Francis Coyne, who lor the long period of 25 years has filled the office of Secretary. During that time by his attention to the duties of his ollice, by his business capacity and by his unvarying willingness to assist the members in every way possible, he won their cordial esteem, and they desire to tender to Mrs. Coyne and her daughters their deep sympathy in the great sorrow which has fallen upon them."
It was resolved that Mr. Adnitt be appointed Honorary Secre- tary instead of Honorary Editorial Secretary, and that Mr. \. E. Cooper be appointed Assistant Secretary to carry on the same work on the same terms as the late Mr. Coyne.
The Birmingham Free Library (Reference Department) was elected a member of the Society.
The sum of £5 was granted by the Council towards the cost of the excavations to be carried on next Easter at Haughmond Abbey.
Mr. Adnitt presented the plans of the original excavations at Wroxeter, and some Shropshire portraits, to the Society, and the Council accepted them with thanks.
December 12, 1906. — Rev. Prebendary Audcn, F.S.A., in the Chair.
Letter read from Mr. E. S. Cobbold offering a paper on the Camps of Shropshire. The offer was accepted with thanks.
Mr. H. H. Hughes sent some interesting prints for the in- spection of the Council, and stated they were for sale.
The question of appointing a Curator of Conchology in the place of Mr. C. Fortey was discussed, and the Chairman read a letter he had received from Mr. \V. M. How, Chairman of the Free Librarv Committee, suggesting that the future appoint- ment of Curators be made by the Free Library Committee in- stead of by the Archaeological Soc iety.
XX
It was resolved that in view of the Museum and its eontents having- been transferred from the Shropshire Archaeological and Natural History Society to the Corporation of Shrewsbury a;, absolute owners for the use of the public, the Council of the Society are willing to forego their right to appoint Honorary Curators oJ the objects in the Museum, and instead of this, will nominate such Curators for appointment by the Free Library Committee of the Corporation, it being understood that when appointed they shall be responsible to the Free Library Committee for the due performance of the duties of their ollice.
January 9, 1907. — Colonel E. C. Pcele in the Chair.
Rev. W. (i. 1). Fletcher reported that Mrs. Martin of West- hope, Craven Arms, had presented some interesting Shropshire Deeds to the Society.
It was fcsolved that the best thanks of the Council be given to Mrs. Martin, and that the Deeds be deposited in the Reference Library.
The following new members of the Society were elected : — Mr. J. Cosmo Melvill, F.L.S., F.Z.S., Meole Brace Hall. Rev. S. A. Woolward, M.A., Myddle Rectory.
February 13, 1907. — Rev. C. II. Drinkwaier in the Chair.
The following were elected members of the Society : — Rev. W. Brewster, B.A., Fit/ Rectory, Salop. The Newberry Library, Chicago.
Mr. Southam stated that Mr. \V. 11. St. John Hope, Assistant Secretary S.A., would probably give a lecture in Faster week, in aid of the Abbey Tower Restoration Fund.
Letter read from Mr. F. S. Cobbold respecting the size of the illustrations for his paper on Shropshire Earthworks. After discussion it was resolved that no plan appear in the Transac- tions larger than demy octavo.
The question of printing a Calendar of the Hereford Wills in conjunction with the British Record Society to be considered next Meeting.
March 13, 1907. — Rev. Prebendary Auden, F.S.A .,in the Chair.
It was decided that Mr. Fletcher and Miss Auden be a Sub- Committee to enquire into the cost and desirability of printing the Calendar of Hereford Wills.
Mr. C. G. Russ Wood, F.R.C.S., of Hardwicke House, St. John's II 111, Shrewsbury, was elected a member of the Society.
April 10, 1907. — Rev. Prebendary Auden, F.S.A., in the Chair.
Cheque signed for towards the cost of the excavations at llaughniond.
xxi
Mr. Southam made application for an additional ^5 for the excavations at Haughmond Abbey. The application to be con- sidered at a future meeting".
Mr. Southam reported that the old wall at Uriconium needed the support of a strut, and it was decided to ask Mr. Hughes of Wroxeter to give a price for doing- the work.
It was resolved to ask Lord Barnard to take the chair at the Annual General Meeting.
Permission was granted to Rev. D. H. S. Cranage, F.S.A., to reproduce his article on Battlefield Church which had appeared in the Transactions.
May S, 1907. — ttcv. Prebendary Audcn, F.S.A., in the Chair.
1 he pillar at Uriconium, necessary for the support of the old wall, was recommended to be in brick, at a cost not exceeding ^.5, and to be erected at such time as the Chairman and Mr. Southam may decide-
It was decided that the Annual Meeting should be held on Saturday, July 20th, at 3 p.m., in the front room of the Music Hall, Lord Barnard to preside.
Fragments of pottery found at Evenwood by Mr. T. R. Horton were laid on the table.
July 10, 1907. — Rev. Prebendary Auden, F.S.A., in the Chair.
The following were elected members of the Society : — Rev. A. J. Moriarty, D.D., Shrewsbury. Rev. R. Jowett Burton, M.A., Hughley Rectory. Rev. W. M. M. Scllwood, M.A., 3, School Court, Shrewsbury.
It was decided that the Annual Excursion be held on Tuesday, August 27th.
The following resolution was unanimously agreed to, and the Chairman was requested to send a copy to Mrs. Davey : —
The Council of the Shropshire Archaeological and Natural History Society have again to record a great loss, which they have sustained by the death of Dr. Edward Calvert. Dr. Cal- vert had been a member of the Society from its foundation in 1877, and in due course was appointed an Auditor of the Accounts, a member of the Council, and one of the Editorial Committee. All those offices he filled up to the time of his death, and his performance of all the duties involved was thorough and complete. Of a naturally sensitive disposition he never thrust himself forward, but his colleagues always knew that whatever work he undertook would be conscientiously carried out in every detail. His fellow-members of the Council felt that he occupied a place of his own among them, and it is with sorrow they realise that the place is no longer filled.
XXll
Letter read from Mr. C. Fortey resigning his seat on the Council. The resignation was accepted with regret, and the Chairman was requested to thank Mr. Forley for his past services.
The Chairman read the Draft Report of the Council to be pre- sented to the Annual Meeting, which was approved.
August 14, 1907. — Rev. Prebendary A uden, F.S.A ., in the Chair.
It was resolved that a second subscription of ^5 be given towards the expenses of the excavations at Haughmond.
Mr. W. Scott Deakin, Berwick Road, Shrew sbury, was elected a member of the Society.
The Chairman reported that he, in company with Rev. W. G. D. Fletcher and Rev. C. H. Drinkwater, had visited Oswestry and made arrangements for the Annual Excursion.
September 11, 1907. — The Rev. C. H. Drinkwater in the Chair. There w as no business of sufficient interest to report.
SHROPSHIRE ARCHAEOLOGICAL
AND
NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY JJresibent :
1907.
The Right Hon. Lord Barnard.
His Giace The Duke of Sutherland The Right Hon. 'Hie Earl of Powis
The. Right Hon. Lord Forester Sir Walter O. Corbet, Bart.
1 he Right Hon. The Earl Brown low , Sir Oku. ev War km an, Bart.
The Rt Hon. The Lake ok Bradford The Rt. Hon. Viscount Boyne I he Right Rev. The Lord Bishop ok
Licm ielu Hie Right Rev. The Lord Bishop of
I I I K I l OKI)
The Right Hon. Lord Kenvon
The Right Rev. Bishop Allen
Rev. Prebendary \Y. II. Egerton, M A,
R. Lloyd Kenyon, Esq.
Rev. Prebendary II. \V. Moss, M.A
Algernon Heuer-Percy, Esq.
VV. H . Foster, Esq.
Seville Stanier, Esq.
CTouncil
Rev. Prebendary T. Auden, M.A., F.S.A.,
Condover (Chairman) Miss Auden, F. K.Hist.S., Condover Rev. J. R. Burton, B.A., Bitterley Rev. W. G. ('lark-Maxwell, M.A.,
F.S.A., Clunbury Rev. 1). H. S. Cranage, M.A., F.S.A.,
Cambridge [bury Rev. C H. Dkinkwater, M.A., Shrews- Rev. W. G. I). Fletcher, M.A., F.S.A ,
Oxon
Miss Hope-Edwardes, Netley Hall
H. H. Hughes, Esq., Shrewsbury
Rev. A. J. Moriarty, D I)., Shrewsbury
S. M. Morris, Esq., Shrewsbury
E. C. Peele, Esq., Shrewsbury
T. E. Pic kk ring, Esq., M.A., Shrewsbury
H. R. H. Southam, Esq., F.S.A.,
F.R. Hist. S., Shrewsbury Rev. A. Thursby-Pelham, M.A., Cound Henry T. VVeyman, Esq., F.S.A., Ludlow
(£uitovial Committee : Rev. Prebendary Auden, M.A., F.S.A. Rev. W. G. D. Fletcher, M.A., F.S.A. Rev. C. H. Drinkwater, M.A.
$jon. ^eaetanj : Mr. H. W. Adnitt, The Square, Shrewsbury
JUsistant ^Seactarn : Mr. A. E. Cooper, Montague Chambers, Dogpole, Shrewsbury
JVubitov : Mr. W. \V. Naunton
^rcasurcre :
The Capital and Counties Bank, Limited.
xxiv
LIST OF MEMBERS, 1907.
Adnitt, H. W., Esq., Shrewsbury.
Allen, The Right Rev. Bishop, D.D., Bishop's House, Belmont,
Shrewsbury Allen, \V., Esq., Benthall, Broseley. Atcherley. Major, D.S.O., School Gardens, Shrewsbury, Auden. Miss, F, R. Hist S., Condover Vicarage, Shrewsbury. Auden, Rev. Prebendary, M.A., F.S.A., Condover Vicarage,
Shrewsbury.
Bradford, Right Hon. Earl of, Weston, Shifnal.
Brownlow, Right Hon. Earl, Helton, Grantham.
Bovnk, Right Hon. Viscount, Brancepeth Castle, Durham.
Barnard, Right Hon. Lord, Raby Castle, Darlington {President),
Baldwyn-Childe, Mrs., Kyre Park, Tenbury.
Barker, Thomas, Esq., Tang Lodge, Shifnal.
Barnes, Mrs , The Quinta, Chirk.
Bartleet, Rev. E. B., B D., Hope Rectory, Minsterley
Benthall, E., Esq., Glantwrch, Ystalyfera, R S O , Glamorganshire.
lieresford, Robert de la Poer, Esq., M.I), Oswestry
Bibby, F., Esq., D.L., J. P., Hardwicke Grange, Shrewsbury.
Bickerton, G. PL, Esq., Abbey Foregate, Shrewsbury.
Birmingham Central Free Library ( Reference Department), RatclirT
Place, Birmingham. Board of Education, South Kensington, S.W. Bowdler, W., Esq., Penybont, Sutton Lane, Shrewsbury. Bowen-Jones, J., Esq., J. P., St Mary's Court. Shrewsbury. Brewster, Rev. \V., fL A. , Fitz Rectory, Shrewsbury. Bridgenian, Rev. E. R. O., M.A, Dlymhill Rectory, Shifnal. P>urd, Rev. Prebendary, M.A., Chirbury Vicarage. Salop. Burd, E., Esq, M.D., J. P.. Newport House, Shrewsbury. Bulkeley-Owen, The Hon. Mrs., Tedsmore Hall, Oswestry. Bulkeley-Owen, Rev. T. M., B.A., J. P., Tedsmore Hall, Oswestry. Burton, Rev. J. R., B.A., Bitterley Rectory, Ludlow. Burton, Rev. R. Jowett, M.A., Ilughley Rectory Shrewsbury. Burton, Rev. Robert Lin gen, Little Aston Vicarage, Sutton
Coldficld, Birmingham. Burton, E. R. Lingen, Esq., Whitton Hall, Westbury.
Cavan, James, Esq., M.A., Eaton Mascott Hall, Shrewsbury. Chance, A. F., Esq., M.A., The Schools, Shrewsbury. Charles, Edward John, Esq., Seisdon Hall, Wolverhampton. Churchill, Rev. C. J. S., M.A., The Schools, Shrewsbury. Clark-Max^ ell, Rev. W. G., M.A., F.SA., Clunbury Vicarage, Aston-on-Clun, R.S.O,
XXV
Clay, J. Cecil, Esq., Market Drayton.
Clayton, Rev. Prebendary, M.A., The Rectory, Ludlow.
Collett, Rev. Edward, M.A., Warden cf the Homes of St. Barnabas,
near Kast Grinstead. Colville, H. K., Esq., j.V., Bella-port, Market Drayton. Corbet, Sir W. ()., Dart., Acton Reynald, Shrewsbury. Cranage, Rev. 1). II. S., M.A., F.S.A., 8, Park Terrace, Cambridge, de Castro, Rev. E. II. Gilchrist, M.A., Halford Vicarage, Craven
Arms
Davies, R. E., Esq., 23, Oak Street, Shrewsbury
Deakiu, \V. Scott, Esq., Berwick Koad, Shrewsbury.
Diekin, Captain, J. P.. Loppington House, Wem.
Dovaston, Adolphus, Esq., 1 1, Madeley Road, Ealing, London, W.
Downward, Mi.^s Alice, 'Die Castle, Shrewsbury.
Drinkwater, Rev. C II., M.A., St. George's Vicarage, Shrewsbury.
Duignan, \V. II., Esq., Gorway, Walsall.
Eckersley, N. fi"., J. P., Trench, Wem.
Egerton, Rev. Prebendary W. II., M A., The Rectory, Whitchurch, Salop
Forester^ Right Don. Lord, Willey Park, Broseley. Feilden, Rev. O M., M.A., Frankton Rectory, Oswestry, hidden, E. B., Esq., J. P.. M.P., Condover Hal!, Shrewsbury. Fletcher, Rev. W. G. I)., M.A., F.S.A., Oxon Vicarage, Shrewsbury. Fortey, Charles, Esq., Pelgrave Road, Clifton, Bristol. Foster, W. II., Esq., D.L., J. P., Apley Park, Bridgnorth.
Gepp, Maurice, Esq, Thoineycroft House, Shrewsbury.
Gough, Fred. H, Escj., M.A , Chilton Moor Vicarage, Fence
Houses, co. I hirham. Guildhall Library, London, E.C — E. M. Borrajo, Esq.
Hereford, The Right Rev. the Lord Bishop of, The Palace, Hereford.
Harding, W. E , Esq-, Acton House, Shrewsbury.
Harvard College, Cambridge, Mass., U S.A , c 'o Messrs Maggs
Bros, 109, Strand, London, W C. Haseler, Rev. Rowland, M.A., Stapleton Rectory, Shrewsbury Hawkins, Miss, St. Mary's Court, Shrewsbury Heber- Percy, Major Algernon, J. P., Hod net, Salop Heighway, S., Esq., Clareniont buildings, Shrewsbury. Herbert, Colonel, GvBi, J. P., Orleton, Wellington, Salop. Ilignett, T H., Es'q., Oswestry. Hodges, 10, Esq., ICdgmond, Newport, Salop, llonvinan, Sir Win. M , Ru t., M.A.. J. P., ( oton, Whitchurch. IIope-Edwardc-, Miss, Netley Hall, Salop. Hoi ton, T. R., Esq*, Stretton Road, Mueh Wenlock.
xxvi
Howells, T. Middleton, Esq., Highfield, Shrewsbury. Hughes, II. II., Esq., Shrewsbury.
Humphreys, Henry, Esq., Woodhouse, Loughborough, Leicester- shire.
Humphreys, Miss, Swan Hill Court House, Shrewsbury. Hunt, Captain, Ruyton Paik, Kuyton-xi-Towns
Instone, Mrs , Walton Grange, Much VVenlock.
Jones, H., Esq., F.S.A., 42, Shooters Hill Road, Blackheath, London, S.E.
Jones, Heigh way, Esq., J. P., Earlsdale, Pontesford, Salop. Jones, J. Parry, Esq., New Hall, Glyn, Kuabon.
Kenyon, Right Hon. Lord, Gredington, Whitchurch, Salop. Kenyon, Rev. A. E. LI., M A., The Vicarage, Clun. Kenyon, R. Lloyd.. Esq, M.A., D.L., J.P., Pradoe, West Felton, Oswestry.
Lichfield, The Right Rev. the Lord Bishop of, The Palace,
Lichfield.
Leslie, Mrs.. Bryntanat, Llansantffraid, Oswestry.
Library of Congress, Washington, c/o Messrs. E. G. Allen & Son,
Ring Edward Mansions, 14, Grape Street, Shaftesbury
Avenue, London, W.C. Livingstone, Rev. Canon, M.A., Prestfelde, Shrewsbury. Lloyd, Brigadier-General Francis, C.B., D.S.O., J.P., Aston Hall,
Oswestry.
Lloyd. J. B., Esq., B.A., J. P., Dorrington Grove, Salop. Lloyd, Miss Mary B., 2, Claremont Buildings, Shrewsbury.
Mc. Laughlin, Rev. E. C. L., M.A., Burford Rectory, Tenbury. Marshall, Rev. W., M A., Sarnesfield Rectory, Weobley, R.S.O.,
Herefordshire. Marston, Charles, Esq , Highfield, Wolverhampton. Martin, Mrs., The Cottage, Westhope, Craven Arms. Maude, Ven. Archdeacon, M.A., Swan Hill, Shrewsbury. Melvill, J. Cosmo, Esq., F.L.S., F.Z.S., The Hall, Meole Brace. Minshall, Philip H., Esq, Beechfield, Oswestry. Moriarty, Rev. A. J., D D., Bishop's House, Belmont, Shrewsbury. Morris, F. G., Esq. High Street, Shrewsbury. Morris, J. A.,1 Esq., The Priory, Shrewsbury. Morris, S. M., Esq., College Hill, Shrewsbury. Morris, Mrs. R. B., The Leasowes, Church Stretton Moss, Rev. Prebendary, M.A., The Schools, Shrewsbury.
Naunton, W. W., Esq., Shrewsbury.
Newberry Library, Chicago, c/o Messrs. Stevens and Brown, 4, Trafalgar Square, London, W.C,
XXV11
New York Public Library, c/o Messrs. Stevens and Brown,
4, Trafalgar Square, London, W.C. Nicholson, A. C, Esq., F.G.S., Salop Road, Oswestry. Nurse, John, Esq., 57, Bellevue, Shrewsbury. Oldham, Ven. Archdeacon, D.I)., The E'rns, Shrewsbury. Oswell, A. E. LLoyd, Esq., A.R.I.B.A., Shrewsbury. Oswestry Free Library.
Powis, Right Hon E;irl of, Powis Castle, Welshpool. Parry, Lieut.-Coionel 6. SI, 18, Hyde Gardens, Eastbourne. Patchett, Miss, AUt Fawr, Barmouth.
Patchett, Lieut. -Colonel W, Gordon. Greenfields, Shrewsbury. Peele, Colonel E. C, V.D., D.L, J. P., Cyngfeld, Shiewsbury. Pennsylvania Historical Society, c/o Messrs. Stevens and Brown,
4, Trafalgar Square, London, W.C. Pickering, T. E., Esq , M A., The Schools, Shrewsbury. Pool, Robert, Esq . Mytton Oak, Copthorne, Shrewsbury. Poole, T Frank, Esq., The Sytch, Dorrington. Potts, E B , Esq., Broseley. Public Record Office, Chancery Lane, London. Purcell, Rev. F. T., Edstaston Vicarage. VVem. Purton, Rev. Ralph C, M A., Hessenford Vicarage, St. Germans,
R.S.O., Cornwall.
Roberts, R Lee, Esq., Dinhani Cottage, Ludlow. Roberts, T., Esq., The Cottage, Stapleton, Shrewsbury. Robinson, Brooke, Esq., M.P., Barford House, Warwick. Robinson, Nicholas, Esq., J. P., Frankton Grange, Ellesmere. Rocke, Mrs., Clungunford Hall, Aston-on-Clun, R.S.O. Rogers, Henry Exell, Esq., J. P., Shrewsbury. Rowland, G. J., Esq., 14, Parkdaie, Wolverhampton.
Sellwood, Rev. W. M., M.A., 3, School Gardens, Shrewsbury. Sitwell, Willoughby Hurt-, Esq., J. P., Femey Hall, Craven Arms. Smith, F. Rawdon, Esq., J. P., Eastfieid, Ironbridge. Southam, Colonel Herbert R. H., V.D., F.S.A., F.R.Hist.S.,
Innellan, Shrewsbury. Southam, L. A. C , Esq., Rodney House, Malvern Link. Southam, Mrs., The Hollies, Shrewsbury. Southwell, W. L., Esq., J. P., Astbury Hall, Bridgnorth. Stanier, Beville, Esq , J. P., Peplow Hall, Market Drayton. Stawell, Mrs., Castle House, Shrewsbury. Steavenson, Rev. R., B.A , Wroxeter Vicarage. Swainson, Rev. J. G., M.A., Wistanstow Rectory, Craven Arms
Tayleur, J., Esq., D.L., J. P., Buntingsdale, Market Drayton. Taylor, Rev. Ed J , L Th., F.S A., West Pelton Vicarage, Beamish,
R.S.O , To. Durham. 1'hoinpson, E. P., Esq, Pauls Moss, Dodington, Whitchurch.
XXV111
Thursby-Pelham, Rev. A., M.A., Cound Rectory, Shrewsbury Thursfield, T. H., Esq., The Grange, Much Wenlock. Timmis, Percy Freeman, Esq., it. John's Court, Town Walls, Shrewsbury.
Twemlow, Lieut. -Col. Francis R., D.S.O., J. P., Peatswood, Market Drayton.
Vaughjn, HI F. J., Esq., B.A., S.C.L., The Rosery, near Ash-
burtpn, Devon. Venables, R. G. Esq., B.A., J. P., Oakhurst, Oswestry.
Walcot, Henry Talbot, ltsq., 8, Kensington Gate, London W. Wace, G. R , Esq., Fieldside, Shrewsbury. Wakeman Sir Otlley, Bart., M.A., D.L., J. P., Yeaton Peverey. Watts, Professor W. \V., M A.. F.G.S., Hohnwood, Bracebridge
Road, Four Oaks, Sutton Co Id field. Webster, E. M., fcsq., Newport, Salop. Weyman, H, T., Esq., K.S.A., Ludlow, Salop. VV hi taker, W. II., Esq, D L., J P, Potterton, Lydbury North. Wood, C. G Russ, Esq., F.K.U.S., L.R.C.P., liardwicke House,
St. John's Hill, Shrewsbury. Wood, R. H , Esq., F.SA., F R.G.S., Brlmont. Sidmouth, South
I )evon.
Woodall, E , Esq., Oswestry and Border Counties Advertiser, Oswestry.
Woolward, Rev. S. A , M.A., Myddle Rectory, Shrewsbury.
The High Sheriff of Shropshire ) „ thejr of office> I he Mayor of Shrewsbury I ° ' Randall, Mr. J., F.G.S., Madeley, Salop.
Members are requested to notify any change of Residence, or error of description, to the Assistant Secretary, Mr. A. E. Cooper, Montague Chambers, Dogpole, Shrewsbury.
XXIX
SOCIETIES IN COMMUNICATION WITH THIS SOCIETY.
Archaeological Society, Birmingham 'and Midland Institute, Birmingham.
Bristol and Gloucester Archaeological Society. Rev. W. Bazeley,
L.istgate Library, Gloucester. Cambrian AjrchifcologicaJ Association. C. J. Clarke, Esq., 65,
Chancery Lane, W.C. Cambridge Antiquarian Society, St. Mary's Passage, Cambridge. Cheshire and North Wales Archaeological Society, Grosvenor
Museum, Chester. Cumberland and Westmoreland Archxological and Antiquarian
Society, Kendal.
Derbyshire Archxological Society. Percy H. Curry, Esq.,
|, Market Place, Derby. Essex Field Club. Springfield, Buckhurst Hill, Essex. Glasgow Archaeological Society, 88, West Regent Street, Glasgow. Historic Society of Lancashire and Cheshire. G. T. Shaw, Esq.,
The Athenaeum, Church Street, Liverpool. Kent Archaeological Society. G. Payne, Esq., The Precincts,
Rochester.
Leicestershire Architectural and Archaeological Society. Major
Freer, F.S.A., 10, New Street, Leicester Powys-Land Club, Welshpool. T. Simpson Jones, Esq, Royal Archaeological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland,
20, Hanover Square, W. Society of Antiquaries of London, Burlington House, Piccadilly, W. Society of Antiquaries of Newcastle-on-Tyne. R. Blair, Esq.,
South Shields.
Society of Antiquaries of Scotland. Museum of Antiquities, Edindurgh.
Somerset Archaeological S -ciety. Taunton Castle, Somerset,
Surrey Archaeological Society. Castle Arch, Guildford.
Sussex Archaeological Society. The Castle, Lewes.
Thoresby Society, Leeds. S. Denison, Esq., 10, Park Street, Leeds.
Worcester Diocesan Archaeological Society.
William Salt Archaeological Society, Stafford.
Yorkshire Archaeological and Topographical Association, 10, Park Street, Leeds.
Bodleian Library.
British Museum. (Copyright Office).
Natural History Department of British Museum. Cromwell Road, S.W.
Shrewsbury Free Library.
5
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PHE CHURCH BELLS OF SHROPSHIRE. V. By H. B. WALTERS, M.-A., F.S.A.
IV. MOCE&E OF LICHFIELD (archdeaconry of stoke-on-trent).
i. DEANERY OF ECCLESHALL.
I'hc whole «>i this Deanery is in Staffordshire, with the exception ul the modern parish of Woore.
WOORE. One bell.
1 G MEARS FOUNDER LONDON 1859. (17 in.
The bell hangs in a small square turret over the western gable of the nave; the inscription is given by L) nam in his Church Bells of Staff'orashin\ p. 6o, and there has been no alteration since.
Although the parish is a modern one, formed out of Mucklestone (Staffs.) in 1841, and the present church only dates from 1830, there wjs a chapel existing here, at all events, in 1552. For it is mentioned in the Inventories of that year: It'm a little bell . . . in the Chapel 1 of Oure."
A small handbell of some antiquity is in the possession of the Vicar, who thinks it may be the one mentioned in the Inventory.
Many thanks to Rev. J. A. Bradley, Vicar, to whom I am indebted lor much ot the above information.
ARCHDEACONRY OF SALOP.
i. DEANERY OF ELLESMERE.
BASCHURCH. All Saints. Four bells.
1 HI iesvs MZfluenvs Rex ivoeoRvm
(3 2 \ in.
2. >J« nuuta © tut © hur © cms 0 (men 0 m 0 ctcc © enire© vlbii ° ran ° bun | | bmloc
Jh'loW) a bonier of (treading and foliage. (Plate XX., Vol. VI,, 3rd Series. ' A
2
THE CHURCH BELLS OF SHROPSHIRE.
uiu mnn
^ GOD nnnnnn t i r 1 1 1 1 1
KING
limim
SAVE iimni]
T II ITTTT
AND
nnnn itiiitii
1662 [tJ^c!
iixcci HIS
ITTTT I TITTTTTTTTITT.
realmei
rTTIIIXXITTTT
IIIITTTTITTTT
GHVRCH
TTIIITXTIITTI
Hxxni |OVR
ITTTTI
(38 in.
Above and immediately below the inscription, inverted ara- besques {Plate XIV., Fig. 6) resting on cable-moulding.
I*. I | lOHN| I ACHERLEY | j*| [THOMAS I^QOVGHj |GENT[ jo] I WARDENS] C=_D
1662 t Ac| (43 in.
Pits for six ; in bad repair, a piece broken out of the rim of the tenor. Clock strikes on 3rd.
Treble : by an unknown founder ; the letters are not all from one alphabet, the N, the second A, the Z and 0 being smaller and thinner than the rest, which are thick and coarse, but not ill- designed. They are not unlike the alphabets used in the medieval Leicester foundry. I cannot think that the bell is of very early date, i.e., not before 1500 ; the angular 0 and the mixed alphabet point the other way, For cross and lettering see Plate XIX., Figs. 1-9 ; the Z is reversed. This bell has large ribbed cannons.
2nd: This bell, quite the most interesting in the county, has long been known to campanists as a beautiful example of foreign casting. The inscription is to be translated: " Maria. In the year of our Lord MCCCC and XLVII (1447). Jan Van Venloe " — not as was done by an enthusiastic and patriotic Welsh- man, who claimed it as a product of his narive tongue : A/aria iar oes merin [1400] ende [47] taw inn van ioe. which he rendered: " When cut off from life we become dead earth ; the soul departs and proceeds through the air to eternal glory."1 In partial excuse it may be urged that the bell, according to tradition, came from Valle Crucis Abbey, as did the treble at Ness Magna.
On Plate XX. are giverr specimens of the cross, lettering, and ornaments. The Welshman to whom allusion has been made took
1 Set; the Morris MSS. in Shrewsbury Free Library.
THE CHURCH BELLS OF SHROPSHIRE.
3
the cross for a Welsh harp, and the figure of a lion which follows the word b;ttt for that of a goat, thus conclusively proving its Cymric origin !
|an Van Venloe is not otherwise known in Britain, where Flemish hells are exceedingly rare ; see Raven's Church Belts of Suffolk, p. 74, and Eeles1 Church Bells of Kincardineshi?'e, p. 5. There is a bell at WhiLton in Suffolk, dated 1441, which is possibly also his work. He will receive fuller treatment in the chapter on Founders.
The cannons of this bell are ornamented with a very elegant cable-pattern. Its weight is said to be 7 \ cwt.
3rd: by Thomas Clibury (shield, Plate XX., Fig. 5); small thick letters between cable moulding-: ; fleur-de-lys not found elsewhere. Date on second line, with shield below it.
4th : Also by Thomas C libury ; ileui-de lys, Plate XII., Fig. 4 ; borders, Plate XIV., Fig, 6 ; a fragment ot tins border with the cable above occurs after wardens. Date and shield as on last. John Atcherly. ol Stanwardine, was baptised 16 May, 1613, and buried 6 Sept., 1672.
I 1549] : ' iiij belles of one accord' iij lytle belles in the churche.'
1740 and 1752: ' 4 bells.'
See Hartshorne, Salopia Antiqua, p. 590; Shropshire A. and X. 11. Transactions, ix. (1SS6), p. vii. ; Bye-Gones, 16 Feb., 1 88 1 , p. 193; Shropshire Notes and Queries, i. pp. 57, 69; Salopian Shreds and Palches, iv., pp. 71, 145; Hare, p. 188 (inaccurate as usual); Shropshire Folk-Lore, p. 603; Reliquary, vi., p. 19; and Kaven, Church Bells o) Suffolk, p. 75.
Customs :
At Funerals a bell is tolled for half an hour, followed by chiming.
On Sundays a bell is rung at 8 a.m., whether there is a service or not. For other services, the four bells chimed for twenty minutes, followed by two bells singly, each for five minutes.
Kinging on New Year's Eve and Morning; for Weddings by request.
The Curfew was rung down to 1883 {Salopian Shreds and Patches, ix., p. 19); Miss Hume (Folk-Lore, p. 602), states that it was rung all the year round, in summer at eight, in winter at seven.
On a Board in the Vestry are the following Rules : — " If to ring you do come here, You must ring well with hand and ear, And if you ring with spur or hat A quart of ale is due for that : And if a bell you overthrow It will cost you sixpence before you go : Our laws are old, they are not new l herefore the sexton will have his due."
Many thanks to Rev. T. J. Rider, Vicar.
4
THE CHURCH BELLS OF SHROPSHIRE.
COCKSHUT. SS Simon and Jude. i + i bells.
1. lOHN RUDHALL (24 in.
S. No Inscription, but double row of border Fig. 2 round shoulder. (}b\ in.
Lettering on larger bell as at Pulverbatch and Yockleton ; the bell must be about the same date, and as the clock is dated 1789, this may fairly be assumed to be the date of the bell. The small bell, which is by Abraham or Abel Rudhall, is probably about fifty years earlier.
The former is a badly cast and roughly moulded bell, and the inscription-band is much battered, as if something had been cut away. The smaller is hung with lever and iron stock. Tits for three. Clapper of large bell tied ; small clock-hammer.
The church was rebuilt in 1777 ; the clock, which was given by Mr. Roger Jones, is by Bullock and Davie's of Ellesmere.
No Edwardian Inventories.
1740 : ' 1 Bell.' Query, was this the little one now existing ?
'1 he two bells are rung for weddings ; the smaller one was supposed to say " Tom Townsend," referring to a local publican, now deceased (cf. the story about Quatford bells).
CRIFTINS. St Matthew. Two bells.
On the authority of the Sexton, who has examined them closely, there is no date on the bells. The church was built in 1874, the parish being formed out of Ellesmere and Dudleston.
Thanks to Rev. VV. R, Rugg, Vicar.
DUDLESTON. St. Mary. One bell.
1. ROBERT NICKSON EDWARD PRICHARD CH W
1693 (c 23 in.
Lettering as at Shipton, Tugford, and other places ; founder unknown, but probably a successor of Thomas Roberts at Shrews bury. A singularly awkward, not to say dangerous, place to inves- tigate, the bell being hung from two horizontal cross-beams with a " long drop " below and nothing to stand upon except the ladder, which is too far away to be of use. I read the name of the first churchwarden as IACKSON, but the Vicar has since kindly corrected my mistake.
No wheel ; hammer for clock.
Theie is a tradition that when the church became dilapidated the bell was hung in a yew tree in front of the tower (Salopian Shreds and Patches, v. (1882), p. 29). I am informed by the Vicar hat this was only during the restoration of the tower, about two
r
THE CHURCH BELLS OF SHROPSHIRE.
5
hundred years ago;1 also that the circumstance gave rise to some verses of a local and doggerel description, not worth quoting. Host thanks to Rev. J. Phillips Dickson, Vicar.
ELLESMERE. Sr. Mary. Eight bells.
1. WHEN YOU US RING WE'LL SWEETLY SING
%%¥^it T £ R 1768 (3°i
2. 1: WH OR WOOD W: 1695 ED: BARKLEY W:
1727 £^3c^5c"£"£ (3i in.
3. I<": HATCH ETT W: 1669 PHIL: GRIFFIS W:
4. THOMAS R U DH ALL FOUNDER a^S^<^S^ 1768
\'l>t\'l>r'Vl>t\<i>r (34| in.
5. THE REVn: M R : IOSHVA ADAMS
VICAR ISST T ^ R 1768 a^a*$^ (m in.
6. T: COUGH D: MARSH S: B1CKLEY E; FURM-
STON CHURCH WARDENS 1768 T ^ R
y.1>r\<<l>r (39-j in.
7. OBSERVE WITH CARE THE HOVR OF PRAY?
lOS: H IGGI N SON & RT CLARKE WARDENS
|*| 1727 [♦! (43fin
8. The Qipt op EdwP Kynaston op Oatley Esq?
Recast by the Parish 1799 &$<&^$foefy)fo Below ; — S. Iackson & Thos Higginson Church Wardens I. Rudhall FecT 6^fib
d¥>^€¥>^Wb (c- 48 in-
2nd, 3rd, and 7th by Abraham Rudhall; border on 2nd, Fig. 3 ; on 1 st, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, Fig. 1 , on 7th, two bits of Fig. 3 ; on tenor, border as at Neen Savage. On the 5th, Rudhall's largest type, except the date ; type on tenor as Neen Savage.
The tenor replaces a bell given by one of the Kynastons of Oteley. The last Edward died without issue in 1781 ; the present
1 It was probably at tills time that the bell was re-Cast.
6 THE CHURCH BELLS OF SHROPSHIRE.
owner cf the property has assumed the additional surname of Ma in waring.
Clappers tied ; tower declared unsafe for ringing. New stocks and wheels, ('lock strikes on 2nd, 4th, 5th, 8th.
Bells not now rung, but chimed for services on Sundays and week days.
[1549] : ' ELSMEK ij small belles and a gret belle.' 1 7.40 and 1752: '8 Bells.' There is a local saying :
" You're too fond of oeer, Say the bells of Ellesmere." (Burne, p. 605). For a tradition of subaqueous bells at Crosemere in this palish, see Bye-Gones, 8 Oct., 1873, p. 220.
In the Ringing-Chamber, which is very well kept, is a peal-board ot 1730, as follows : —
The whole Peal of (irandsire Triples was (on the 4th day of Feb1' 1730 within the space of 3 Hours & 5 minutes com- pleatly rung by the fol- lowing Persons
loseph Lang ford ThomaB Franks Iohn Sadler Thos Kynaston Will"1 Gough Will™ Davies ThoB Sadler
la* Eaton.
There is also a set of Kinging Rules of the usual type : —
If
That to Ring you Doe come here You Must Ring well with hand & ear If you Ring with spur or hat A gun of Beer is due for that And If a Bell you Overthrow 6 pence is due Before you go If to These Laws you do consent Come Take a Bell we are content These Laws are old The are not new for Ringers They must have There due This Board was Repul January 2 1850.
WEST FELTON. St« Michael. Three bells.
1. CANTEMVS DOMINO cantiCvm novvm
. (29£ in.
THE CHURCH BELLS OF SHROPSHIRE.
7
EXOStcSlS DEO &jUWUi6|iho |
(32 i"-
3. C & G MEARS FOUNDERS LONDON
fJl/j //ft* Wilis/ ; — " GOD SAVE OYR CHURCH OUR QUEEN & REALM "
J D. W H. C W 1857 (35 in.
The date on ihe treble is given by means of a chronogram, the lour l.ir^e sized letters MDC(" making in Roman numerals 1700. C'f. St. Leonard's, l>i ulgnurth. It i^ not, however, a perfect chronogram, us .ill the Koman numerals occurring in the inscription are not used.
The founder is the same as that of Dudleston bell (g.v.) ; tile same inscription occurs at l itz.
2nd hell by William GLibuiy ; cross, Plate V., Fig. 1 ; border alter IN, Plate V,, Fig. 5 ; elsewhere arabesques as on Stokesay old tenor (I'ig- 9). Small thin letters ; 9 of date reversed.
The old tenor, which had been cracked, was inscribed
►I« GOD SAVE HIS CHVRCH OVR KING AND REALM 1662
as are so many of Thomas Clibury's tenors. The present inscription is adapted from it. The churchwardens whose initials are given were John hovaston of the Nursery and William Howell of Sutton, as I learn from notes supplied by Mr. R. E. Davies and Mr. R. I.loyd Kenyon.
See also Shropshire Arch. Soc. Trans., 2nd Ser., ix., pp. 332, 3 42, 344, 36«-
l'he following extracts from the Churchwardens' Accounts are kindly contributed by Mr. R. Lloyd Kenyon : —
1776 p1' the Clerk for ringing on the 5th Nov1 ...026
1777 do. do. do.
1779, June 6. Sam1 Briscoe for mending the bell ...060
1780, May 26. for mending the tongue of the bell ... 020 Nov. 21. the Smith for mending the Hell ...026
17S1, Feb. I. mending the bell & time ... ... o 3
o
Richard Price for a new to the bell (sic) o 9 ioj
John Briscoe for mending the bell ... o 5 o
1782, March / 3. Rich'1 Price for mending bell frame 030
1784, Oct. 2. Blacksmith for mending the bell-tongue o 1 o
1785, Apr. 2. Rich1' Edmonds & Brother getting up
the bells .. ... .. o 7 6
8 THE CHURCH BELLS OF SHROPSHIRE.
1787, Apr. 6. Blacksmith mending the bell-tongue ... l7&& " £>1 ■ 5 • 8 was Paicl towards the hanging of the beHS."1
1801-2 Pd the Ringers on account of Peace 1803, Oct. 15. I"1 ThoH Smith & Brisco for the bell wheel
ii
050
o
040 010 o
1806, Oct. 15. j)'1 for a bell rope' ... ...060
18 1 5-1 6. pd for new bell rope ... ..064
1817-18. lor hell rope ... ... ...048
1825-26. pd M1 Gough for the 2 new bell ropes ... o u o
18,50 31. pd W1" Roderick repairing the bell ...012
^33-34. Pd lor repairing steeple door & the bell ... o 2 10
1838-39. pd for mending the bells ... ... o
p'1 for a new bell rope 1840-41. pd lor new bell ropes
1842-43. pd new bell rope ... ... ...036
1844-45. p'1 William Tomkins for ringing Curfew ...076
1845, Aug. 24. do. do. ... o 8 o
18.46, Apr. 8. pd for new bell rope .. ...063
IX c. 31. pd William Tomkins for ringing Curfew
from Nov. 5 to January ist- ...080
1847, Nov. 5. do. do. do.
1848, Apr 24. p1 Thomas Meredith's bill for repairing
bells ... ... ... ... ...030
Joseph Briscoe's bill for repairing bells & clearing water pipe
w
1849, Jan. 4. pd William Tomkins for ringing Curfe
from Nov. 5, 1848, to Jan. 1, 1849 080 Apr. 5. Thomas Meredith for new rope ..010 7. new bolts & wedges to bells ^etc.) ... o 9 6
1850, Apr. 1. (payment for Curlew)
21. pd Thomas Meredith for repairing Clap- per to bell ... ... ...036
1851, Apr. 30. pd for two new bell ropes ... 012 6
1857, Oct. '22. pd for carriage of old bell 1 5 3
1858, Apr. 5. pd Joseph Briscoe's bill for putting up
bell, &c. ... ... ... 501^
William Fox for ringing curfew ... o 8 o Feb. 2. pd for new bell as per receipt ... 21 16 2
Apr 3. pd Kd Clarke for new floor to bell room 300 do lor new wheel to new bell 220
do. for repairing bell frame ... 2 10 o
pd for cleaning Steeple putting bell up 026
[Payments for ringing Curfew continue down to 1863.]
I.e. , alter the re building of the tower in 17S4-87.
THE CHURCH BELLS OF SHROPSHIRE. 9 HORDLEY. St, Mary the Virgin. Two bells.
1 ;>SaPcCa CRIMCflS ORfl PRO DOBIS ^fm.
LAVDATE DO jVl I IM VjVI j QVICQVID
$ PI R AT
166
in.
Larger bell only used ; both hung with wheels, in a small brick and limber turret ; generally in bad condition.
Smallei l»< II inscribed in the same lettering as Hope Howdler 1st, ex« i»t lor the tnilUis< ulc .1 and c in SANCTA ; cross, Plate XX., Fig. (> : b it. ring, I'latc XM., Figs 7 - 1 1 . 1'. is chiefly remarkable for, its theological eccentricity, which has given rise to some absurd correspondence in time past (see Notes and Queries^ 5th Ser , xii. (1879), pp. 388, 434, 198 ; Church Times, 7 Nov , 1879; Salopian Shreds and Patches^ hi., pp. 253, 254; liyc-(yro)ies, 5 Nov, 1879, p. and p|> J32, $47). Obviously 11 is a contusion ot SANCTA TR I N MAS VNVd DEVS MISERERE NOBIS (cf Neen Sollars 2nd) with the ordinary invocation to a saint. The same error is characteristic of a Wokingham 15th century founder, Roger Landen, as at Chiddingfold, Surrey, and elsewhere.
Larger bell by Thomas Clibury ; cross, Plate XVIII., Fig. 5, as at Acton Buruell ; lettering intermediate in size and thickness between the earlier type as on West Felton 2nd and the later as at Haschurch ; date in small thick figures. For the inscription cf. Culmington 1st.
[1549]: 1 ij belles '
1 740 and 1752: '2 bells.
Inscription on 2nd wrongly given in Shreds and Patches, loc.cic.
Many thanks to the late Churchwarden, Mr. W. Cureton, who died October, 1903, not long alter my visit, and of whose kindness 1 have most grateful reminiscences.
LINEAL WITH COLMERE. St John the Evangelist.
Two bells.
Hoth without inscription, in an open gable-turret ; supplied by Messrs. Warner in 1870, when the church was built (see Church />V//.v, 18 March, 1871, p. 186*. Hung without wheels and chimed by levers.
NESS MAGNA. St. Amm*w.
1. * i_r 1 $nwm q 1 wmm
Vol. VII., 3rd Series.
Three bells.
mm PR©
(28 in.
10
THE CHURCH BELLS OF SHROPSHIRE.
2 |*| WILLIAM HVQHES £££ \OHfi
&.±± HVMFRE5V3 &.±&± WARDEN3 163^ (3i in.
3 >J< WILLIAM BROOME IOHN WOOFE CHVRCH
WARDENS 1655
(Above and below, vine border (Plate XIII., Fig. j) between cable mouldings. (34^ in-
ist: by the same founder as Church Preen ist, who seems to have got his stamps from a Worcester founder.1 The stops are (i) a grotesque winged figure; (2) a lion's head; (3) and (4) heads of Henry VI. and Margaret of Anjou. See Plate XX., for cross, Stamps and lettering. This bell is said to have come from Valle Crucis Abbey, like the one at Baschurch. 1
2nd : by William Clibury ; cross, Plate XII,, Fig. 2, as at More; border, Plate V., Fig. 5. The 4 . of the date is reversed (cf. Cheswardine).
3rd: by Thomas Clibury; cross, Plate XVIII, Fig. 4. The F of WOOFE is an E with lower bar cut away. Mav *553 : * NESS strange Three bells.'
174O : 1 NESS STRANGE 3 Bells.' 1752: '3 Pells.' Rubbings in Mr. North's Collection.
Bells chimed for half an hour before services, and at Funerals when the procession appears in sight. Ringing for Weddings by request. Thanks to Rev. R. D. Bonnor, late Vicar.
NESS PARVA. One bell.
\ No inscription.
A very long-waisted bell, the body perfectly cylindrical, with a plain moulding round the shoulder; diameter about 18 to 20 in,, height probably about 21 in. ; may be fourteenth century. It hangs in the northern opening of a double gable cot, the other being empty ; but there is no record of any other bell having existed here, at least since 1553.
9 May 15^3 : ' Lytyll Ness Two bells with a cord and a sanctus bell.'
1752 . 'Ness Parva 1 bell.'
1 See Assoc. Arch. Socs. Report, xxv. (1901), p. 565.
The church bells oe Shropshire. 11 PETTON. One bell.
•J?
LONG | [ LIVE | I ROGER jWILBRA-
H AM | |ESQ| |I6|6|2| (16J in.
Hung with solid wheel in an open wooden turret surmounted by a spi relet, on the western gable ; very difficult of access.
The founder is Thomas Clibury ; the fleur-de-lys is given on Plate XII., Fig. 4-
9 May 1553 : ' One bell.' 1 740 : ' I Hell.' 1752 • 1 2 Dells.'
Roger Wilhraham was probably one of the Wilbrahams of Dclamere in Cheshire, born in 1623, and one of the intended Kniglilb of the Royal Oak ; or the reference may be to his father- in law, Roger W'ilbr.iham of Dorfold, burn 1589, Sheriff of Cheshire in 1667. Rut the connection of either with Petton is unknown.
Very many thanks to Mrs. Cunlifie of Petton Hall and to Mr. Tat ton, Churchwarden, for valuable assistance.
RUYTON-XI-TOWNS. St. John Baptist. Six bells.
1 J TAYLOR & Co. FOUNDERS LOUGHBOROUGH 1868.
On the waist :- GOD SAVE THE CHURCH.
OUR QUEEN K REALM AND SEND US PEACE IN CHRIST. AMEN (28} in.
2 REJOICE IN THE LORD
On the waist. -J TAYLOR & C° FOUNDERS LOUGHBOROUGH 1868 (30 j in
3. |*| qloria MM! ^ iiMI
excelsi3 MMI deo MiM
1637 (3*iin-
4. |*j RICHART P/INE RICHART PAINE
WAR DEN 5 1637 (32 in-
5. WILLIAM HOOD & THO : POWELL CH ;
WARDENS 1716 fcgjfc A^R
Below, Fig. 2 continuous. (35 ln-
12
THE CHURCH BELLS OF SHROPSHIRE.
6 WE PRAISE THEE 0 GOD
On the waist as No 2, with the founder's medallion, Fig- 0. (39 in.
3rd and 41I1 by William Clibury ; cross as Ness Magna 2nd (Plate XII., Fig. 2); letters on 3rd thicker than on 4th. Borders. Plate V., Fig. 5.
The 5th has cabled cannons; letters on paterae \ borders, Fig. 5 and Fig. 2.
In good order; Taylor's bells have angular cannons; all have iron rings round the heads. Clock strikes on 1st, 4th, 5th, 6th. Weights of new bells: (1) 5 cwt. 2 qrs. 11 lbs.
(2) 6 o 22 (6) 10 3 21 [1 549] : ' Ryton iij belles of one accorde.' 9 May 1553: 'three bells.' 1752 : ' 3 bells.'
There were only three (the present 31c!, 4th, 5th) down to 1868, in which year the bell frame was restored with timber from the old mill at Piatt. See Salopian Shreds and Patches, ix., p. 122 : Brit. Mus. Add. MSS. 21,236 for inscriptions on old bells; also Shrop- shire Arch. Transactions, 2nd Ser., viii. (1896), p. 352.
Customs \ —
Death knell : 12 strokes on each of 3rd, 4th, and 5th for man ;
similarly 1 1 for woman ; then toll for an hour. The same
three bells are chimed at funerals. On Sundays the tenor is raised and rung for a short time at 8 a m.
when there is no early celebration ; the 3rd and 4th are
chimed at 9 a.m. every Sunday, These two customs are a
survival of the pre-Keformation Matins and Mass bells.
For niurning and evening services bells chimed, or rung on
great Festivals.
Ringing on the King's Birthday and for Weddings by request. The treble is rung for Vestry Meetings.
In Bye-Gones, 7 Feb., 1894, p. 270, the following account of the ringing customs then in use is given (most of which, it will be seen, have since been modified) : —
Sundays : chiming for fifteen minutes ; then tolling on tenor for ten and treble for five.
Easter, Christmas, and Whit-Sunday, ringing from 6 to 8 a.m.
A muffled peal on the eve of Cood Friday.
F'unerals : toll for an hour, then chime when procession is in sight, and toll again when it reaches the porch.
Curlew at 8 p.m., 5 November to 2 February, except 25 Decem- bi 1 (> January, and after a funeral,
Best thanks to Rev. W. D. Craven, Vicar.
The district church of EARDISTON has no bell.
The church bells of Shropshire.
13
WELSHAMPTON. St. Michael and AllAngels.
Two bells.
1 J. WARNER & SONS LONDON 1863
On tlie waist :
Note G.
2. The same. Note F.
These two bolls hang in an open gable turret on the E. end of the nave. Upon writing to the Vicar foi verification of what I could sec from below through glasses, he kindly replied as follows : — "The present church was built in 1862-3. The previous building stood for nearly 100 years and had one bell,„but 1 do not know what became of it. It would not have been re-cast for the piesent l>t lis, because they and it were here at the same time. The only note in our Parish Hook is that there are 4 two bells, G-F, by Warner Ol London.' 1 have had a man up to the bells, and upon them there are a Lion and Unicorn (so he described it) and these words; — 'J. Warner & Sons 1863 Patent.' I have no doubt ours are new bells, and that they were cast in or about 1863. The Church was ready for service July 29th, 1863 "
The Vicar's statement is confirmed by a note in the Eccltsiologist^ xxv., p. 349, to the effect that two bells, one weighing cwt, were given in 1863 by Mrs. Mainwaring of Oteley Park.
.Browne Willis in 1752 notes ' 1 Hell.'
Many thanks to Rev. H. Moody, Vicar.
WESTON LULLING FIELD. Two belli.
The two bells hang in an open wooden spirelet, but are not clearly visible from below. They are very small, and according to the Vicar are devoid of inscription. He states that they were put up when the church was built in 1857.
Thanks to Rev. E, If. 'Puke, Vicar.
2. DEANERY OF WHITCHURCH.
ASH. Christ Church. One bell.
1 C & G MEARS FOUNDERS LONDON 1856 (20] in
Hung with wheel ; belfry dirty and neglected. Church built 1836; parish formed from Whitchurch.
14 THE CHURCH BELLS OF SHROPSHIRE.
CALVERHALL Hoi<Y trinity. six bells.
1-6 J: TAYLOR & Cp FOUNDERS LOUGHBOROUGH
1879.
Weights and sizes : —
cut. qr?. lbs. cwt. qis. lbs.
(0 28i in- 5:^:7 (4) 33i i"- 7:3:6
(2) 30^ 111. 6:1:9 (5) 37 in. 10 : 2 : 14
(3) 321 in 7:1:2 (6) 41^ in. 13 : o : 24
Veiy dirty, but otherwise in good order ; chiming apparatus. Church first consecrated 1726. See Church Bells, 28 June, 1879.
FAULS. , Emmanuel, One bell.
1 J. WARNER & SONS LONDON 1856
°» (l8in-
PATENT
Church built 1855 ; parish formed out of Frees.
Thanks to Rev. Harold Burton, Vicar, who writes as follows: — " The bell was given by E. B. Denison, Esq., Q.C. [the late Lord Grimthorpe] instead of one made of some inferior metal which the builder had got from Coalbrockdale. It was made by Messrs. Warm r .... from a pattern designed by Mr. Denison. It is 18 inches wide, 1^ in. thick, and weighs 1 cwt., and cost with the fittings ^125."
IGHTFIELD.
1 On the waist : —
2. The same.
3 The same.
4. The same.
g The saftie.
Q The same.
St. John Baptist.
Six bells.
(30J in. (31 in.
(32* in- (34| in.
(37 in.
(41 in.
Al! by Warner & Sons, cast in 1866, with angular cannons. The device which forms the sole decoration of each bell, is a sort of quatrefoil or rose with the legend J W 6V S 1866- I have not met with it elsewhere.
In 1740 and 1752 there were four bells (Browne Willis). A note kindly communicated by Mr. R. E. Davies gives their inscriptions as follows : —
1. Let us singe unto the Lord 1609.
THE CHURCH BELLS OF SHROPSHIRE.
15
2. The life of man is as the passing hour^in Latin).
3. As my sweet sound from me doth pas the daies of man gio les
Geo. Manwaring Kl 1605.
4. Soli Deo immortali sit gloria.
The 4th was obviously by Clibury ; for the name of Sir George Manwaring on the 3rd ci. the old Stokesay tenor, of the same date.
PREES. St. Chad. Six bells.
1. PEACE &GOOD NEIGH BO U R H OO D A R 1742
v:>r\<i>r\<. >r> (30 in.
2. PROSPERITY TO THIS PARISH A^R 1742
V:*tV:*LV:*LJT':*L (30$ in.
3. ABEL R U DH ALL OF GLOUCESTER CAST US
ALL 1742 ViT^ir (32 in.
4. THE GIFT OF FRANCIS SANDFORD ESQUIRE
OF SANDFORD A^R 1742 (33* iu-
5. THO^ RUDHALL GLOCESTER FOUNDER
*$mg&* 1782 ^W^Wl^ in.
6. 1 TO THE CHURCH THE LIVING CALL & TO
THE GRAVE DO SUMMON ALL 1742 Jh'/ow, Fig: 5 all round. (40 in.
All have ornamented cannons ; borders, Fig. 1, and Fig. 5 on tenor.
Weights, as given by Mears & Stainbank (but see below) : —
(1) 5 cwt. D sharp (4) 7.} cwt. A sharp.
(2j 5^ cwt. C sharp (5) 9 cwt. G sharp.
(3) 6. 1 cwt. 13 (6) 12 cwt. F sharp.
A good peal, but not in very good order ; said to have been cast for Hodnet, but sent here instead (note by Mr. Weatherley of Market Drayton).
The niune FRANCIS on the 4th is possibly an error for THOMAS, the name of the owner of the property in 1742; the last Francis (a well known genealogist) died in 1693.
No Edwardian Inventories. The earliest record of the bells here is in 1614, when, as we learn from a document preserved at the
This may presumably be re translated Vita horn in is sicut horn praeteriens.
i6
THE CHURCH BELLS OF SHROPSHIRE.
Vicarage (published in the County Council Report on Parish Documents, p. 264) :--
George Clay son of Richard Clay of Fawls gave towd. the making
of the leading hell 13$. 4V. Aug. 1 6 1 4 . And also . . . Thomas (May gave towards the making of the
leading Bell, in price 1614 Npv. 8, £5. And Andrew son of Geo. (May towds the making of the same
leading Bell 5J. A.I). 1614. Hare (p. 201) gives the following inscription as on " the church bell " ( sic ) : —
" Men te in sanctam spontaneum honorem deo et patris [sic liberacionem."
See also Hartshome, Salopia Ati(iquai p. 590, from whom Hare has copied.
In 1728 some work was done to the bells, probably a re-casting of one, for we read
I tecember 2'"' 1728
Received them of Mr. Tho. Hewitt & Mr Richard Duddliston late Churchwardens of the Parish of Trees the sum of Thirteen pounds .V three shill. for the use of Mr. Abraham Rudhall Bell founder p' me Richd. Davis 13.3.0.
In 1742 the original ring (which consisted of five) was replaced by a new ring of six, of which five still remain. There are some interesting particulars in the parish documents, as follows: —
|
15 October |
1742 |
|||
|
cwt. |
qrs. |
lbs. |
||
|
Frees 6 bells wei |
ghed first |
5 : |
3 |
: 18 |
|
Second |
6 : |
O |
: 12 |
|
|
Third |
6 : |
O |
: 16 |
|
|
Fourth |
6 : |
3 |
: 13 |
|
|
Fifth |
7 = |
3 |
: 26 |
|
|
Sixth |
1 1 : |
2 |
: 18 |
|
|
Makes in all |
44 : |
2 |
: 19 |
At I2(l per pound comes to 250 3 o
Six new Clap'rs w'1 1 : 1 : l\ at 6d per lb. 311 3
Six Bawdritks 015 o
£254 00 3
The 5 old bells weighed
First 6 : 3 : 23 Second 6 : 2 : 12
Third 9:0: 6 Fourth 11 : 2 : o 3
Fifth 11 13:27 Six pieces of
Metal o : 2 : 05 makes in all 46 : 2 : 20
at 9d p1' pound comes to £196 . 01 . o Remains £58 . 08 . 3
THE CHURCH BELLS OF SHROPSHIRE.
17
Recd y° 21"1 February 1743 of M1 Cornelius Shuker one of )>*
Churchwardens of Prees fifty eight pounds eight shillings in full oi this note and all demands due from ye Parish of Prees.
Recd by me Abel Rudhall.
Customs s
Death knell with Tellers : 5 for male, 4 for female, 3 for child.
Tolling at funerals, at 8 a.m. and before the ceremony.
On Sundays bells chimed (at 8, 10 30, and 6); tenor tolled for last five minutes.
Kinging on Easter Sunday, Christmas Eve and Day, New Year's Eve, Confirmation, Harvest Festival, and great occasions (eg. Coronation, a Victory or Peace); for Weddings occa- sionally.
Curlew bell formerly, at 8 p.m., for six weeks before and six after Christinas [Hye-Gones^ 22 Nov, 18S2, p. 149; Burne, Folk- Lore, p. (jo 2).
Many thanks to Mr. \\ orrall, parish clerk, to whom I am also indebted lor access to a copy of the Parish Magazine for Sept., 1905, in which the above quoted documents are transcribed; also to the Vicar, Rev. K. M. Fit/gerald.
TILSTOCK. One bell.
1. G AINSWORTH WARRN v 1815 * (i6£ in.
A modern church with a modern bell, yet not devoid of interest for two reasons : firstly, that the bell is older than the church, which was erected in 1835 ; secondly, that it is by an out-of-the-way founder, Ainsworth of Warrington, who, so far as I know, is not represented elsewhere. The lettering is neat and good.
The tower is oblong and very small, and the bell somewhat awkward to get at ; it is hung with a lever and cannons and has an outside hammer for the clock.
The Vicar writes : 14 It appears that our s'ngle bell was in use at the old chapel of Tilstock for a short period before the new church was erected." Parkes (Brit. Mus, Add. MSS. 2 10 13) gives a drawing of this chapel, dated 1820, and states that it had one bell.
Pest thanks to Rev. R. Hiles, Vicar.
WHITCHURCH. St. Alkmond Eight bells.
1. I FIRST BEGIN TO LEAD THE RING ifcSLfcS
A: 1714 |JH (29in-
2. GOD PRESERVE OUR GRATIOUS KING ^cf^
A : R ^ 1714 *Q$SrKlt (3i in-
Vol. VI., 3rd Scries. ,C
i8
THE CHURCH IJELLS OF SHROPSHIRE.
3. PROSPERITY TO THIS PARISH ^r^^ 1767
Helnw} Fig, i (ill round. (32 in.
4. RECAST BY THOs: R U DH ALL 1767 ^^^Jf
5. GOD PRESERVE THIS CHURCH & BENEFAC-
TORS ±±t±± A : H A '714
Beloib, Fig. 1 all found. (37 in.
6 ABRA: RUDHALL OF GLOVCESTER BELL
FOVNDER CAST VS ALL 1714 SsOHUHt
(40J in.
7. M" SAM U ELL SAN DFORD MK THOMAS BULKELEY C": WNS 1714 f A:R4
Below t Fig. i all round. (43 in.
8 John Taylor Bellpounder Loughborough 1842
(48 in.
Originally a ring of eight by Abraham Rudhall ; the word KING on the 2nd shows that they were cast subsequently to the death of Queen Anne. The old tenor was inscribed I TO THE CHVRCH, etc., as so many of Rudhall's tenors (e.g. Frees) ; it was cracked while a peal was being rung for the marriage of Archdeacon Long.
The 3rd, 4th, and 6th have ornamental cannons; those of 1st, 2nd, and 5th have been knocked off. Borders: on 1st and 6th, Fig. 3 ; on 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 7th, Fig. 1 ; on 5th, Figs. 1 and 5.
Weights and notes : —
(1) 5.I cwt. note E, (5) 10 cwt. A
(2) 6 cwt. 1) sharp. (6) n cwt. G sharp.
(3) 7 cwt. C sharp. (7) 14 cwt. F sharp.
(4) 8 cwt. B (8) 19 cwt. 2 qrs. 6 lbs. E. Mr. Weathciley of Market Drayton notes that the tenor is a bad
bell and spoils the peal, and that the 5th goes heavily ; otherwise they are in very good order.
3 May 1553 : ' Wychchorche Four great bells and a small bell.' 1740 and 1752 : '8 bells.'
See also G. E. Evans, Whitchurch of Long Ago, p. 13, for an account of the bells.
Customs :
The Pancake Bell is rung on Shrove Tuesday, 11 45 a.m. to noon, the seventh bell being used.
THE CHURCH BELLS OF SHROPSHIRE.
19
Death Knell rung the night before the funeral for residents in the town, on the morning of the funeral for those I'ving outside. Tellers 3 x 3 for men, 3 x 2 for women.
A muffled peal was formerly rung at the Funerals of Ringers or members of the Old Club (a Benefit Society).
On Sundays bells rung for Morning and Evening Services, chimed in afternoon ; when there is a sermon the 6th bell is rung previously.
Ringing on the morning of Christmas Day, Easter Day, and Whit-Sunday, and on New Year's Eve ; also formerly on the Rector's birthday. The treble is used for Vestry Meetings ; formerly the 5th bell
was rung in case of Fire alarms. Up to about 1838 one o( the bells was used for the Grammar School, and up to 1 84 S the Curfew was rung at 8 p.m. in winter and 9 p.m. in summer (Evans, Whitchurch, p. 13). In the kinging Chamber are various Peal-boards of recent date : 1887, Sept. 19th ; 1889, Jan. 1st ; 1890, April 18th ; 1892, Nov. 14th; 1893, April 3rd (5,040 Grandsire triples by Chester and Hereford Guilds), and Oct. 25th.
Also a set of old Rules of the usual type (10 lines) with two variations, a fine of a shilling for swearing, and of* a quart of beer for ringing with spur or hat.
There appear to be no entries of interest relating to the bells in the Churchwardens' Accounts, at all events not before 1714.
Best thanks to Messrs. Gwynn and Duggan, Churchwardens, and Mr. Royle, Parish Clerk.
The chapel of ease of DODINGTON in this town (erected 1836) has one bell inscribed
Thomas Mears op London Founder 1837. (3° m-
It is hung dead, and struck with outside clapper only.
WHIXALL. ST. Mary. One bell.
The bell hangs in a dosed wooden turret on the east end of the nave, and is to all appearance quite inaccessible from inside or out. The Vicar writes, however: — "There is no date or inscription on the bell, and no parish record of its history. It is the same bell that was in the old church, thru a chapel of ease to Prees, which dates back to the middle of the eighteenth century. For some years before the building of the new church in 1867 the bell was hung from an oak tree in the National School yard, which is close by the old church, presumably on account of the unsafe condition of the building. The tone of the bell is sweet and mellow."
Best thanks to iHe Vicar, Rev, J. J. Addenbrooke.
20
THE CHURCH BELLS OF SHROPSHIRE.
3. DEANERY OF HODNET.
ADDERLEY. St. Petbr. Three bells.
1. \ f \ jSIRj |IOHNJ I CORE&ETT ||*|| BARANET
I6|7| I i
On waist [THOj | MOLLINOR j |WILL|
GRENEWOLLER | j'cj [wj iT^cj
(25-f in.
^ sfliKDi vom\n virgo mctRceoe pro coco mvPDO (28 in.
1 1 jftoeetlo • toll ng| |mcn . 1)0 - t&\\\ \ta. tuCle . mt j jmcatt - tbat . fccbf | |t(jr.fook|
1604
Below .- Q£] [^gj [J] QBJ QTj EE ] [FT] LED
a * | 13 ©J
(30^ in.
1st: By Thomas Clibury ; fleiir-de-lys Plate XII., Fig. 4; foundry shield, Plate XX., big. 5.
2nd : By the same founder as the medieval bells at Hope Bowdler and Hordley (eross and lettering Plates X. and XX.). The inscription is a rare one, and is interesting as oceurring on an allied group of bells in Worcestershire and Stafford- shire (see Assoc. Arch. Socs. Report, 1901, p. 568).
3rd: l>y Henry Oldfield of Nottingham; foundry stamp, Plate XXI. , Fig. i.j. A similar bell at Tong ; the inscription is very common on Oldlicld's hells in the North Midlands. Peltry filthy ami neglected ; the cannons of the 2nd bell are
broken and the head screwed to the stock, the side cannons having
disappeared. This bi ll is cracked, and presumably now past saving,
which is much to be regretted, as it is the only pre- Reformation
bell remaining in the district. Pits for lour bells.
3 May 1553 : ' Throe great bells and one small bell.' 1 740 and i 752 : ' 3 Hells.'
The church bells oe Shropshire.
21
The name of Sir Thomas Corbett on the treble is somewhat
puzzling; the holder of the title between 1656 and 1680 was Sir Vincent, and I cannot trace any other Sir Thomas.
CHESWARDINE. St. Swithin. , Six bells.
1. C & G MEARS FOUNDERS LONDON 1849 (28 in.
2. The same. (29^ in.
3. The same. (3 1 ^ in.
4. The same. (3 2 \ in.
ITTT I T 1 1 1 TTTT
5. * GOD
rrxiiin. ixtiiiii iinixxi minxi
■><-><• [SAVE ■><-><• I HIS
rrri nil inirrri rmim mimi
nnnn
TTTTITTT
IITIIXIXIIIIX
CHVRCH
TTTTTTTTTTTn rTTTTTTT I I I II TTTl CXXHHI
itixiixx rixjiiii iriTriri
j OVR \ -><"><"
TTTT TTTT TTTTTTT
KING »«»-<-j
TTTTITJI rXTTITT
ITTl TTTT ITTT T IIT TXT1 ITXI ITTT ITTT I
AND ■><■■><-><■ REALME! 1680 (35} in.
nnnnlimiinmi nnirnnn
6. * £0LI ±&&±& DE0|M|i IM- MORTALl A ,tt±t J3IT ±±±± Q LOR I A &&&& 16C4 (39™.
In good order ; quarter-chimes ; re-hung by Mears and Stainbank about 1892. Lettering and cross on 5th as at St. Martin's, etc. Cross on 6th, Plate XII., Fig. 2 ; border, Plate V., Fig. 5 throughout ; the 4 of the date is reversed, as is the 3 on the 5th.
Weights: (1) 5 cwt. (4) 7 cwt.
(2) 5! cwt. (5)8 cwt.
(3) 6 "cwt. (6) io\ cwt. Note G. 3 May 1553 : 4 Four great bells and one little bell.'
17.40 : 4 4 bells & a sIS bell.' 1752 : ' 5 bells.'
In 1800 there were four bells, the inscriptions on which are given by Rev. E. Williams (Brit Mus. Add. MSS. 21236) : —
1. No inscription.
2. j Present 5th. ]
3. [ Present 6th. j
4. SOLI DEO 1 M MORTALLY SET GLORIA r6So 1 \\
1 P WARDENS
22
THE CHURCH BELLS OF SHROPSHIRE.
The old tenor was therefore put up at the same time as the present 5th ; it was presumably melted down in 1849 to provide metal for the four new bells.
The Churchwardens' Accounts from 155410 1628 are extant, and contain many items of interest j the most interesting have been transcribed and printed by Messrs LJeele and Cleese in the County Council's Report on Shropshire Parish Documents, from which those relating to the bells have been here repeated
1544- 1554-
1 555- 1556.
1557-
1560. 1567- 1573-
J574- I575-
1578.
yng for
tasker for tendyng of the bellys & ryng
of the paryshe
It'm to John Buttr for yron and workmanship
for the belles It'm for candeles for the rynggars It'm to the rynggars the same night ... It'm paid for a corde for the sac'ment [? sac
ring bell]
It'm paid for whitelether for bawdrex
Item paid Will'm Tasker tor the orderynge of
the belles
Item for ryngynge upon corpus xpi day at processycion ... .. ... ... ..
It'm paid to Will'm taskar for dressyng of y
belles
It' for a drynk to the ryngars on corpus cristi
deye ... i.. It' to the ryngars on all Halo nyght ... In p'mis to Wyll'm Tascar for kepyng of the
belles
Robert Coke & Will'm Hagett for stockyng
of a bell
when they had done theyre worke whe gave them yn ale ... It' to the ryngars on the assentyon deye
corpus cristi deye ... It' for mendynge of the greate bell clapper Item payd to Will'm cascar for reparasion
the bell
Payd for ryngyng on hole thursdeye ...
to the ringars on holy thursday
Ryngyng for the Queene
Payde lor takynge downe the bords of the loft
& mendynge a bell wheele . . At the day of the Ryngynge for our queen .. to the deacon for tendynge the bels ... to the Ryngars & for light 17 day of nouember1 for tendynge the bels to the deaken ...
It
It
of
Vj'
1 Curon.Uion oi Oueen hlizabeth.
THE CHURCH BELLS OF SHROPSHIRE.
23
588. Layd forth for mendyng the grate bell claper iijd the threed bell clapper 1 ... ... ... vj''
candles spent on the Oueens daye [i.e. for
id
592. Ite' rec' of Elizabeth Gylberte towerdes the bell M'1 that aboute the viijth daye of Decembre 1 59 1 ther was a lune layed by the parissh- eners aforesaid of viijH towardes the repara- cion of the churche and belles to be gathered at toe seuerall tymes. Ite' for a ... . at the Castinge of the bell ... xviij'1
Ite' for the founder allowinge him all the parisshe mettell & the residevv of his owne mettell ... ... ... .. ... vH iiijd
Ite' to the founders man ... .. ... xxd
Ite' paid to Ric Cooke for Stockynge of the
great bell & other worke aboute the frame vj8 viijd
Ite' paid to Rob'te Butter for yron & worke
about the henginge of the great bell ... xx(l Ite' to Rendle Goulde for mendinge of toe bell
wheyles ... ... ... ... ... ij8
592- 3. Item paid to John Clyberie- for Castynge of
the greatt bell the xviijth of ffebruarie 1592 the some of ... ... ... ... iiij'1
beinge Caste the yeare laste before
593- 4 payde the 4 daye of August for tymber to
make the bell frame ... . ... xxj" iiijd
bestowed on them w° caryed the tymber ... iiij'1 charges for cariage of our bell... ... ... xs
our charges of meat cv dryncke ... ... vijs xd
makyng the bell frame iiij'1 xiijs iiijd
for settyng a gaoble Roppe & charge bestowed
on them wc carryed the frame up into the
steople iiijs iiij'1
to Renald Hole (or mendyng a bell wheele &
nailes xijd
It' the churche ys indebted unto J lion Clyberye
bell founder fyrst for mettall ... •• iiji* >js It' castyng the tin id bell to be payde at the
twelve monethas end ... ... ... xlvjs viij
594- 5. Paymenles fyrst payd John glyberie three
poundes
for a bell bo we ... ... ... ... ••• jj<l
for bell bucles ... ... ... ••• ••• fj
for candles to serue yG Ringers light .. ... ij<l
1 From these two onirics we may gather that [here were then four bells. a This founder's name also occurs in connection with (Joudover (y.v.).
24 THE CHURCH BELLS OF SHROPSHIRE.
1596-7. Paymentes— It' our charges at Wellynton at the castyng of our jfecpnd bell to the bell founder for metall .. the caryage of our second bell
1598- 9. unto the belfounder ...
1599- 1600. to the deacon for kepyng ye bels the Ryngers
1600- 01. to the Deacon for tendyng the bels
1601- 02 buckles foi baldrockes 1603-04. payde to the Kyngers lor ye kynge... 1605-06. Payd for Ryngyng on on of the kyngs holy
daye ...
16 10. tymber worke to the clocke & mendyng the
church gate & the bell
161 1. Receaved Elsabeth Leeke a poore woeman to
ye castinge of ye greate bell .. Expenses to ye belfounder for earnest for Tilshaws oxen att taking downe the bells for ... o1 charges att Wellington for overweight in mettall att ye castinge of or
bells
to Reginald Poulde for taking downe the bells
and hanging them up for drinke att yu hanging of yem up to the bellfounder for casting ye belles ... iiij
for the mending of a bells clapper att Wili'm
pies buriall ... ... ... ... ... iija
to the ryngers the 5Ul of August being gowries
conop : 1 ... ... ... ... ... xija
to Thomas Gregory for oxen att ye carrying of
ye bells ijH
for wyer to the clocke ... ... ... ... jd
1612. Paid tor a sautes bell roape ... ... ... ij''
for iron worke about y° clocke and bells ... vij'1 [Various repairs to the clock in this and follow- ing year.]
1 614. Paid to Willm Erpe for mending ye clock and
a bels clapper ... . .. ... ij* 8(1
1 6 1 7 . for timber and makinge lethers for the beles... ijs viij(l
1622. for a bell rlaper at y1' lirneis ... ... ... 5* 8d
fur y« makeinge to William LCrpe ... ... 2rt 6'1
for his mans Kxpcnces & daies worke for forg- ing;yr ; ... I5d
to William Peate tor going to Offley to inquire
for iron tor a clapper ... ... ... 2<l
|
xiijs |
iiijd |
|
xxxiij* X* |
vjd |
|
36s |
viijd |
|
.5." |
|
|
i 1 id |
vid |
|
-s |
|
|
4s |
iiid |
|
4s |
6d |
|
iij* |
|
|
iij" |
iiijd |
|
vid |
|
|
ij8 |
vjd |
|
viijd |
|
|
xxviij" |
iijd |
|
xxxiij" |
iiijd |
|
if |
|
King J;uin:s Coronation seems to be intended.
PLATE XXII.
GUILD'S KRCAI.I 5»nrl MHRTHM im ii at i^c-
THE CHURCH BELLS OF SHROPSHIRE.
^5
1623. to Wydow Madeley 8" 8d viz. 6s 8d whereof for
tending ye bells, etc.
1624. to \Vm Erp formendinge yc leading bell claper
& the buckle of the greate bell
1625. for 2 new bell wheeles .. for mending ye leading bell wheele ... for 2 clips over the leding bells brasses 4 . .
1626. Robert Madley for tending the belles, etc. ... 1628 leddyr to mend the badrykkys of the
bellys .
Customs :
Curfew rung November 5th to Candlemas Day from 8 to 8 15 ; tenor bell u^ed.
Tenor tolled one hoar before funerals ; muffled or ordinary peals
when requested and paid for. Ringing for services on Sundays ; also on Christmas Eve and
New Year's Eve, and for Weddings when requested and
paid for.
Thanks to Rev. J. E Hughes, Rector.
CHILD'S ERCALL. St. Michael. Three bells.
J No inscription, (28^ in.
2. WlL*L>I7*M BbEWS 7*Nlf> SONS BI R - MiNGH^M
RE-C^ST 1868 GOID SAVE THE QUEEN (31 in-
Only two bells now used.
The 1st probably dates from the 1 6th or 17th century. The old 2nd was inscribed
«J» 000 «Ji SAVE <fc THE «$> KINO E «J» 1607 the G and S being reversed. There was formerly a bell by the same founder at Eitz ; as there are no others remaining now in Shropshire, it is much to be regretted that these two should both have disappeared. The lettering on the present bell is modern Gothic, as at Westhope.
The 3rd is by UugJ) or Francis Watts of Leicester, c. 1610; cl. Rinnersley and NlntorHn Hales. The lettering is illustrated on Plate XXII. ; cf. L'Lte XI. The S is reversed throughout.
Vol. VII., 3rd SeriLb. l)
28
r
4d
virp vi 1 j
26
THE CHURCH BELLS OF SHROPSHIRE.
3 May 1553: 'Ercall P'va. Three great bells ; one sanctus bell.' 1740 and 1753: '3 bells.'
Inscriptions also given in Brit. Mus. Add. MS3. 21236. Customs :
On Sundays a bell at 8 a.m. when no Holy Communion ; before a celebration two bells chimed and then one. For later services bells chimed for 30 min. in morning, 15 min. in evening, followed by a single bell
Ringing early on Festivals, also on New Year's live and Christmas Eve ; for Weddings by request.
For Funerals, one bell tolled lor one hour ; muffled peals by request.
The School Hell is rung at 6 a m. and 6 p.m. every day except Sunday throughout the year.
Best thanks to the Curate-ill charge (per the Rector of Stoke), to whom also I am indebted tor the following extracts from the Churchwardens Accounts : —
181 7- 18. For liell ropes ... ... ... ... 14 o
1 8 1 8- 1 9. For ringing 5th Nov1" ... ... ... 3 o
For ringing day Pell ... .. 106
1820. For ringing the day Bell . ... .. 106
For ringing on the 5' 11 Nov. ... ... 3 o
For toling at the King's funeral ... ... 2 6
1840, Jan. 15. Two new bell ropes ... ... 6 o
1850. Oct. 20. Sinister for 2 liell ropes ... 10 6
MARKET DRAYTON (<« drayton-in-hales).
St. Mary. Eight bells.
1. Gloria in excelsis deq
Below: -(a) CHURCH RESTORATION COMMENCED 1 81 (b) O
Geo. S. Cuthbert Vicar
Pea? a. T^EMLowj0iIUIlOHWAEI)EHSi ueo. Lasumore )
On sound-bow :— jeflJM W/il^MKlt § JSONJS LONDON
1887 (28.I in.
GOD 3 AVE THE QtJEEN OMtfIA FIANT AD DEI GLORIAM
THE CHURCH BELLS OF SHROPSHIRE
27
1hlow:—(a) ClIURCH RESTORATION COMPLETED BY THE RESTORATION OF THE ToWER 1S87- (b) VICTORIA
Ohas. J. W inser Vicar ( jubilee Frederick Goulburn) O
c T vr 0 RURCHWARDENS 1887
Samuel J. Harding J
On Sound-bow: — As No /. (29^ in.
3. WHEN YOV M EE RING W\ I SWEETLY SING
A^R^ 1700 S^^3t^^3
Helena Fig. 2 all round. (30 in.
4. PROSPERITY TO OVR BENEFACTORS 53*^3
Below, Fig. j inverted, all round. in'
5. Mk IOHN BILL A <A> R 1700
Belovb, Fig. 3 all round. (35 J in.
6. FEARE GOD j¥j HONOVR THE KING ABRA:
RVDHALL 4 A 1700 ******
lit \low, F'ig, J all round.
7. T. Mears op London Fecit isia ^00004
(41 in.
8 C & G MEARS FOUNDERS LONDON 1846
On ivuisl : — REV^ J. LEE YICAR C. POOLE )
J. HASLEM}CHURCHWARDENS
In admirable order ; ringing chamber a model one. Weights and notes : -
(1) 5 cwt. 2 qrs. F. (5) 9 cwt. B flat.
(2) 6 cwt. E. (6) 10 cwt. A.
(3) 6 cwt. 2 qrs. 2 lbs. D. (7) 12 cwt. 2 qrs. 2 lbs. G.
(4) 7 cwt. 2 qrs. C. (8) 17 cwt. x qr. F. Originally a ring of six by Abraham Rudhall ; the first two are
additions.
The medallion on the 1st has a representation of the Annuncia- tion ; that on the 2nd a bust of Queen Victoria to left.
Borders : on 3rd, a bit of Fig. 3, and Fig. 2 ; on 4th, Fig. 2, 3 ; on 5th, Fig. 3 ; on 6th, Figs. 3, 2.
28
THE CHURCH BELLS OF SHROPSHIRE.
The 3rd has ornamented cannons. The bell stamp on the 3rd, 5th, and 6th (Plate XXL, Fig. 12) is of the "archaic " type. Warner's chiming apparatus ; Cambridge quarter chimes. The Rev. C. J. VVinser (now of Adderley) was Vicar 1884 — 1900. 3 May 1553: 'Drayton in Halls Five great bells and two sanctus bells.' ' 1740: ' Drayton in I [ales 6 bells cast 1700.' 1752 : ' Drayton in Hales 6 bells.' See also Salopian Shreds and Patches, vi , p. 43.
Customs :
Curfew rung from Michaelmas to Lady Day, from 7 45 to 8 p.m., except on Wednesday and Saturday, when it is 6 45 to 7 p.m.; the 7th bell is used.
At Funerals the bell is tolled for an hour, the fee being 5s. if muffled] 2S. if plain ; a muffled peal for not more than two hours for a fee of £2 10s. cd
On Sundays bells rung for Morning and Evening services; chimed for 8 a.m. and afternoon service.
Ringing on C hristmas Eve 17 to 9), Christmas Day (6 to 8 a.m., and for services), New Year"s Eve (7 to 9, 10 to ro 30, and muffled peal 11 30 11 50, followed by an open peal 12 to 1 a.m.); also at Harvest Festivals and Confirmations.
Kinging lor Weddings by request; also on July 6th (old Mid- summer Day), and from 7 to 9 p.m. for King's Birthday, Accession, and Coronation. The ringing on July 6th is from 6 a.m. to 7 45, followed by ten minutes' chiming, and is in accordance with the terms of a legacy, the Ringers receiving 1 is. 3d.
The 7th bell is also rung for five minutes at eleven o'clock on the following Fair Days : — Wednesday before Palm Sunday; September 19; October 24; and also when Court Leet is held every seven years.
The following old Ringing Rules, being of a somewhat different character from most of those previously given, may be repeated here : —
If to Ring you do come here You must Ring well with Hand & Ear And if you Ring with Spur or Hat A Quart of Ale must pay for that Or if Bell you overthrow There your Sixpence it must go ; And if you vilely Curse & Sware There's threepence due I do declare Our Daws are old, they are not New, Therefore the Ringers will have their due. There is also a modern set of rules, dated 1901. In the Kinging Chamber are several printed peal cards, recording peals rung 3 April, 1893 (5,o.jo Grandsire Triples); i February,
THE CHURCH HELLS OF SHROPSHIRE. ^20,
1902 (5,040 Plain Bob Triples) ; 8 October, 1904 (5,072 Bob Major) ; 17 August, 1895 (5,040 Grandsire Triples) ; all by foreign bands of ringers.
There do not appear to be any Churchwardens' Accounts earlier than 1769 ; consequently nothing of interest relating to the bells.
Many thanks to Mr. E. Weatherly, Head Ringer, for most of the above information ; also to Mrs. Weatherly.
MARKET DRAYTON. Emmanuel. One bell.
Church built as a proprietary chapel, 1882 ; a separate benefice formed in 1904.
DRAYTON, LITTLE. Christ Church. One hell.
Church built 1847 ; one bell of 1852 by C. and G. Mears, weighing 5 J cut.
HODNET. St. Luke. Six bells.
1. PEACE & GOOD NEIGHBOURHOOD V^**^ T A R 1769 V^^r (31*
2. FEAR GOD HONOUR THE KING T A R
1769 (33 in.
3. PROSPERITY TO THIS PARISH T ^ R
1769 ^P^r^tt^r (34fin.
4. THO- RUDHALL GLOCESTER FONDER
1769 ^^Air^^3^^r (3<>! in.
5. M? ROWLAND DICKEN RICH? WOOD CH-
WARDENS 'K?*8 T^ R 1769 a^0^ (39 in.
6. I TO THE CHURCH THE LIVING CALL & TO
THE GRAVE DO SUMMON ALL T ^ R 1769
(43 i".
All have cabled cannons; border throughout, Fig. 1. In good order. Clock strikes on 5th. The bells are rather oddly hung in the octagonal tower, thus : —
m Weights : L 1 — (1) 6 \ cwt. (4) 9 cwt.
I * I « I 2 I 1 I (2) 7 CWt. (5) IOJ CWt.
1 — m ' (3) 8 cwt. (6) 13 cwt. Note F.
30 THE CHURCH BKLLS OF SHROPSHIRE.
Mr. Wcatherly says the bells go rather heavily, and want re- hanging and augmenting to eight,
[ 15.19] : ' "ij De^s a S'c'us bell.' 3 May 1553 : ' Four bells & a sanctus bell.' 1740 and 1752: ' 5 bells.'
Hartshorne ( Salopia Antigua, p. 5*90), gives an inscription which must have been on one ol the bells previous to 1769: " 'J u es Petrus ct super banc petrani aedificaho ecclesiam meam ' (cf. Myddle 2nd;. 'Ibis is copied by Hare (p. 238), who at Hodnet, at any late, might have found opportunity to verify his statements.
MO R ETON SAY. Sr. Margaret. 2 + . bells
1. J: TAYLOR & C? FOUNDERS 1886. (20* in.
2. J: TAYLOR & G? FOUNDERS LOUGHBOROUGH (22* in.
3. J : TAYLOR & C° FOUNDERS. (13J in.
New fittings ; angular cannons; belfry dirty. Small bell rung by lever ; clock strikes on 2nd.
Except for the extract given below, no information as to the predecessors of these bells is forthcoming,
I '5491 ' ' U n^e belles & a s'cus bell.' 3 May 1553 : ' Two bells in the steeple ; one small bell. 1752 : '3 Bells.'
The Rev. D. H. S. Cranage kindly communicates the following extract from the Parish Accounts : —
1674. lul for casting a new Bell & carrying ye same
same to Wellington ... ... ... 02 00 00
" Yc same " presumably means its predecessor, unless we should read " from Wellington." The small price paid suggests that this was the predecessor oi the present ting tai'g." The founder would be Henry Llibuiy.
NORTON- IN- HALES. St Chad. Eight bells.
1 . OAST BY JOHN WAENEH & SONS LONDON 1367.
§ i fk
On the. waist : — '^y/ii'v' f-c^j (261- in.
PATENT
2, The same, date 1364- (2l\ in. g. As JVo. j. (28J in. /],t 77/i' same, (^o in.
THE CHURCH BELLS OF SHROPSHIRE.
31
5. As No. 1 (31J in.
7. As ^nd-4th. (36 in.
8. 15/IJSV UY JOHN TOPI^ § JSOjVS Mpeja 1867,
On waist :
(41 in.
PATENT
Treble and tenor hung above the rest, in the belfry-stage proper; the lower ones are very cramped. The 6th is by Hugh Watts of Leicester, c. 1610; cf. Kjiinersjey and Child's Ercall, and see Plate XXII. for the lettering ; 3 reversed throughout.
Tenor 12 cwt., note b" sharp.
3 May i.S5.> : 'Three great bells & one sanctus bell.' 1 740 and 1752: '3 bells.'
One of the former ring of three, probably the present 7th, was inscribed, according to a note by Mr. R. E Davies : —
GOD SAVE THE CHOVRCHE OVR KYNGE OF ENGLAND.
It was either by Oldtield of Nottingham (cf. VVroxeter tenor) or by one of the Cliburys ( cf. Ditton Priors, etc.), and there is little doubt that the inscription really ran OUR KYNGE AND REALME, as in the other cases.
In 1864 two of the old three were re-cast, and three added to make six; in 1807 the then 4th (now the 5th) was re-cast, and a treble and tenor added.
Customs :
Curfew formerly at 8 p.m. (earlier on Wednesday and Saturday) ;
cf. Salopian Shreds and Patches, ii., p. 98, and Burne,
Folk-Lore, p. 002. It was done away with as interfering
with the clock chimes ! At Funerals tolling only ; chiming formerly ; no passing bell. On Sundays, ringing for services ; formerly a bell rung at 9 a.m. Kinging on Christmas Eve and Day, New Year's Eve and Day;
on Easter Day for services only; for Weddings if paid lor. In the ringing chamber is a set of old rules in manuscript, the usual ten lines.
32
THE CHURCH BELLS OF SHROPSHIRE.
There are carillons by Thwaites and Reed, London, given by Martin H. Griffin, Esq., of Brand Hall, when the ring was augmented to eight ; the tunes played every three houis are : On Sundays Sicilian Mariners,
Mon., Wed., Fri., Home Sweet Home. Tues., Thurs., Sat., Nae Luck about the House. There are also Cambridge quarter chimes.
PEPLOW. Epiphany. Two bells.
1. 2. J: TAYLOR & C FOUNDERS LOUGHBOROUGH
1878.
Hung in an open wooden turret on the east gable of the nave ; both small bells ; inscriptions very easily deciphered through glasses.
Church built 1878-79, on the site of an old chapel-of-ease to Hodnet.
STOKE-ON-TERN. St. Peter. 6 + 1 bells.
1. MEARS & STAINBANK, FOUNDERS, LONDON 1874.
(25! in-
2. T. Mears op London Fecit 1819 ^OOOOO1
3e The same. (29^ in.
4. T. Mears op London isi9. ^OOOOOOO
000004 (3° in-
5. As No 2. (32! in.
6. As No. 2 ; No stop after date. (36 in. Q< No inscription.
The ornaments after the date on the five larger bells vary slightly in length.
All in good order ; the second is said to be too sharp in tone. The little bell, which was put up about 1873, hangs in an open stone cot on the east gable of the nave.
Weights and notes : — (1) 3I cwt. (4) 5 cwt.
(2) 4 cwt. (5) 6| cwt.
(3) 4! cwt. (6) 8 cwt.
3 May 1553: ' Stoke-upon-Teyrne. Three great bells and one small sanctus bell.' 1740: ' Stoke sup' Tern 5 bells Rudhall.'
THE CHURCH RFLLS OF SHROPSHIRE. 33
The inscriptions on the original five are given in Brit. Mus. Add. MSS, 21,236 as follows :— -
1. PEACE AND GOOD N EIG HBO VR HOOD A R r7j3
2. PROSPERI TY TO TEIIS PARISH A R 1723.
3. IOHN HEAFORD THO. MASSEY CH. WARDENS 1723.
4. \V-NI WILLIAMS RECTOR 1723
5. T TO THE CHVRCH THE LIVING CALL AND TO
THE GRAVE DO SVMMON ALL.
It does not appear whether these were re-cast into five or six in 1819, i.e., whether the present treble is a re-casting or an addition
Customs :
For Funerals the tenor is tolled for one hour.
On Sundays the tenor is tolled for services, followed by chiming
for ten minutes and a single bell for live ; bells rung on
great festivals
Ringing at Festivals (Christmas, Easter, Ascension and Whit- suntide, also on the Eves) ; on New Year's Eve a muffled peal followed by open ringing Also linging on St Peter's Day, All Saints Day, King's Birthday, and for Weddings by request.
A bell tolled for Vestry Meetings.
The Rector, Rev. B. de M. Egerton, to whom many thanks, also kindly sends the following extracts from the Churchwardens' Accounts : —
1743. A cannon to the bell and mending the others )o"
Fetching the bell from Hodnett . . ... 2a
1745. Kinging on the 5th of November ... ... 5s
For a set of bell ropes ... ... ... ... ro*
[Similar entries for ringing on November 5th and new bell ropes regularly for forty years.]
Mending the bell gudgings ... ... ... 1* 8'1
1747. A pound of candles to ring Courfor ... ... 6'1
Cleark for ringing Courfor ... ... ... 6:1
17.18. Blacksmith for mending ye bells ... ... ... 9'
The Clark for ringing Coffer ... ... ... h:i
1749, Mending bell frames ... ... ... ... 3s
170 1. 1"' for ringing on Crovvnacion Day ... ... 5'
1766. 3 Bell wheels £1 \W \oi{
1767. Taking up jhe bells , 5*
34
THE CHURCH BELLS OF SHROPSHIRE.
1772. Stoke is a pretty tower
And stands in a valley. There is a pretty ring of bells besides a bowling halley.
YV. Blanthorn 1 , , T , t /-Churchwardens. John Lester J
1774. Ringers 5th Novr Christinas Day & New Year's
Day 15
178 1 . Repairing the bell clapper ... ... ... i1
1785. Gugings for the bells ... ... ... ... i1
No further entries of interest.
WESTON under Red Castle. Onebeii.
1. THOMAS MEARS FOUNDER LONDON 1342 (22? in.
Type as at Minsteiley, etc.; letters not set straight. In admirable order ; hung with wheel, and hammer for clock.
3 May 1553: ' Two small bells.'
1740 : 4 Weston Capella 2 & a s,H bell.' 1752: '3 Bells.'
(To be continued.)
\ \ 1
35
1905010
THE HERBERTS OF CHERBURY. By FLORENTI A C. HERBERT.
The Barons Herbert of Cherbury were descended from Sir Richard Herbert of Colebrook, Monmouthshire, who, in the reign of Edward IV., when at the head of the royal army, was defeated at the battle of Hedgcote Field by the Lancas- trians,1 and taken prisoner together with his elder brother, Sir William Herbert, first Earl of Pembroke; both were beheaded at Northampton by order of Sir John Conyers. The Earl of Pembroke in vain pleaded that his brother's life should be spared. In the quaint words of Hall's Chronicle :
" The erle of Pembroke, syr Rychard Herbert his brother, and diners gentlemen were taken, and brought to Bamberie to be behedded, much lamentacion and no less entreatie was made to save the lyfe of Syr Rychard Herbert, both for hys goodely personage, whiche excelled all men there, and also for the noble Chiualry that he had shewed in the field the day of the battayll, in so muche that his brother the Erie, when he should laye doune his bed on the block to suffer, sayd to Syr Ihon Conyers and Clappam, Masters, let me dye for I am old but sane my brother which is yonge, lusty and hardy, mete and apt to seruc the greatest prince of Christen- dom. But Syr Ihon Conyers and Clappam, remembrying the death of the yonge knyght Sir Henry Neuel, Cosyn to the erle of Warwicke, could not here on that side, but caused the erle and his brother, with diuers other gentleme to the number ot X to be there beheaded.'"2
Sir Richard was buried at Abergavenny, his brother at Tint erne Abbe)'.
Sir Richard had two sons, the eldest, Sir William of Cole- brook, was the ancestor of the present Herberts of Muckross.
1 Po.wis Castle l\ di^ree,
- Hull's Chronicle, page 271. Note. Tlie present Countess of Powis is descended from the ahove mentioned Sir John Conyers.
Vol VII., 3rd Series, U
36
THE HERBERTS OF CHER BURY.
The younger, Sir Richard, Gentleman Usher to Henry VIII., reside J at Montgomery Castle. He married as his second wife, Anne, daughter of Sir David ap En ion ap Lewellyn Vaughan,1 and they were the great grand-parents of the famous Lord Herbert of Cherbury.
Sir Richard's eldest son Edward, married Elizabeth, daughter of Matthew Price of Newton ; was Esquire of the Body to Queen Elizabeth, Constable of Montgomery Castle, and Lord of Chirbury. In 1553 Jul ward Herbert received from his kinsman Sir William Herbert, Earl of Pembroke, the grant of the Hundred of Chirbury for himself and his heirs, and probably the possession of Montgomery Castle.- The proprietorship of Chirbury, however, seems to have been accompanied by some restrictions, for the consent of the Crown appears to have been required previous to the sale of any portion in the Hundred of Chirbury on different occa- sions. In 15S1, it is recorded that Queen Elizabeth gave leave to Edward Herbert to sell three messuages in Chirbury to Francis Newport and the heirs of Richard Herbert (his eldest son) and Magdalene Newport. Edward was twice Sheriff of Montgomeryshire, in 156S and 1593. He had a large family. The eldest, Richard, was the father of Lord Herbert of Cherbury ; Matthew of Dolguog, Co. Montgomery, was the ancestor of the present Earl of Powis ; another son Charles married the heiress of Aston, Co. Montgomery, and was the father of Sir Edward Herbert, Attorney-General in Charles I.'s reign, and grandfather of Admiral Sir Arthur Herbert, who was created Earl of Torrington in 1689. George, another of Edward's sons, matriculated at Magdalen College,3 Oxford, 1582, aged 16; he appears to have been in Holy Orders. It is probably his name that is written on one of the chained books in the Library at Chirbury. Lord Herbert asserts that his uncle was of New College, but this is clearly an error, as no George Herbert appears on the books of the College.1
1 I'uwis ( 'astlt; I'edi^rees.
- Sec aitiolo mi " Montgomery Castle" by Rev. (I. Sundford, in l\>\vys I. ami Club Coll., Vol \ , p. 10S 0 Lord Herbert^ Autobiography, <<l. by Sidney I ,a', p. O, note '.. Abo sec below, j>. 39.
;t Sec Alumni Oxoniensis by J. Koster.
1 Lord IFcrbcrfs Autohio<r., p. 9, Note i.
THE HERBERTS OF CHERBURY.
37
To return to Richard, the eldest son, of Blackhall and Lysmaur He was Sheriff of Montgomeryshire in 1576 and 1584. He married Magdalen (or Magdalene), the daughter of Sir Richard Newport of High Ercall, Co. Salop,1 and by her had seven sons and three daughters. She must have been an exemplary housewife, judging from a MS. still preserved at Powis Castle, presumably written by her and signed on the last page " Magd. Herbert."
On the first page is written :
"A Kitchen Book Cpntayninge the expenees of my house in London beginning upon Satterdaie the xj of April iboj With the names and numbers of my household."
The most minute details are given under the headings : " Boughte, Spente, Dynner, Messes, Supper." It is beauti- fully written throughout. -
Richard died in 1597 while his eldest son was at Oxford. He was buried in the south transept of Montgomery Church. In 1600 his widow erected an elaborate monument to his memory with recumbent figures of her husband in complete armour, and herself beside him, with smaller images repre- senting the children kneeling beside their parents.3 Under the tomb is the figure of Richard only, wrapped in his winding sheet. Magdalen was never buried there ; eleven years after her first husband's death she married Sir John Dan vers, a man twenty years her junior, and was buried in Chelsea Church.
On Richard Herbert's tomb is the following inscription :
Heare lyeth the Body of Richard Herbert Esquire whose monument was made at the coste of Magdalene his wyfe Daughter to Sr Richard Newport of High Ercall in the County of Salop Knighte (deceased) and of Dame Margaret his wyfe Daughter and sole heyre to Sr Thomas Bromley Knight Late Lord Chiefe Justice of England and one of the
1 See the account of Lord Herbert's mother quoted from Walton's Life of George Herbert and Dr Donne's Works, by Sidney Lee, pages 314 — 320. Herbert's Aulobiog.
- From notes written on a blank page at the end of the book, it appears that this interesting MS. was sold on Dec. JJ, 1 70S, with the Danvers' Library. It was again sold at llraud's sale in 1S07 and purchased by lit! ward Herbert, Viscount Clivc, a fit i wards Karl ol I'uwis, K.G.
;l 1 here is a print ut this tomb in ( irosart's edition of ( ieorgc I lerbert's Works in j vols.
38
THE HERBERTS OE CHERlJURY.
Executors of the late King of most famous memorye King Henry the Eighte — Ano Dom. 1660."
There are also the following lines in Latin : "Quid virtus Pietas amove recti Tunc cum vita fugit juvare possunt In Caelo relcvent perenne no men : Hoc saxum doccat, duos rccludcns Quos uno tlialamo fideque juuetos I leic units tumulus lapis ve signal
Jam longum sape Lector ct valcto /Eternum vencrans unique nomcn."
The Earl of Bradford has at Weston, a picture of Magdalen Herbert by Zucchero. She is represented with auburn hair, in an Elizabethan dress, with a ruff, and a jewelled hat. In Mary Boyle's " Biographical Catalogue of the Portraits at Weston," she is described as " Richard Herbert of Blackballs wife, being daughter to Newport of Arcole."1 Of Richard and Magdalen's younger children, one was the saintly poet and divine, George Herbert, who was born at Montgomery 1593, educated at Westminster School and Trinity College, Cambridge; a Fellow of his College; and the Public Orator of the University from 1619-27. Ordained after 1625 ; rector of Fuggleston and Bemerton, near Salisbury, from 1630, and died in 1633 without issue. He married }ane, daughter and co-heir of Charles Danvers of Bainton, Co. Wilts.
The sixth son, Sir Henry, of Ribbesford, will be mentioned later. The youngest, Thomas, was an officer in the Navy, and took part in many sea fights, but never obtained an important command. His eldest brother, Lord Herbert2
1 Blackhall, Lord Herbert says in his Autobiography, was built by his grand- father, and to show the reputation for hospitality the house earned, quotes the common saying in the country when any fowls were seen to rise,
" Fly where thou wilt thou wilt light at Blackhall." There are now no traces of the house left, only part of a sort of boundary wall, which tradition asserts to be the site, close under the rock upon which the ruins of the Uastle stand. Sidney Lee in ;i note (p. 7 of the Autobiog.) says that Blackhall was a'so called Lymore. This is clearly a mistake. The black and white house still existing at Lymore is much farther from the Castle, and is quite a distinct place. I am indebted to the Kev. 1'rebendary Burd, Vicar of Chirbury, for the information as to the traditional site of Blackhall, and for a copy of the inscriptions on Richard Herbert s tomb.
- Lord Herberi Vs Autobiog., p. 17 note.
THE HERBERTS OF CHEKBUkY.
30
says he lived eventually in London at St. Martins in the Fields, and was buried in the Church there. The three daughters all married. The second, Margaret, married John Vaughan, son and heir of John Vaughan of Lhvydiarth, in i6o6, "by which match," says Lord Herbert, "some former differences betwixt our house and that were appeased and reconciled." 1
Edward, the eldest son of Richard and Magdalen was born at Eyton on Severn, near Wroxeter, in Shropshire, a house belonging to the Nevvports, in 1 581. He, matriculated at University College, Oxford, in 1596, at the age of 14. His father died the following year. By a deed dated 8th May, 39 Elizabeth (1597) the site of Montgomery Castle was assigned to him mentioning letters patent of 20th June, 36 Elizabeth (1594), whereby the Queen had granted the site of the castle to Richard Herbert, Esq., now deceased, for his own life and the lives of his suns Edward and William Herbert." W hen he was 16 he married his kinswoman Mary, daughter and heir of Sir William Herbert of St. Julians, who was descended from William, the first Earl of Pembroke, beheaded at Northampton. Mary, by her father's will, inherited St. Julians, and other estates, including land in Anglesea, on condition that she married one who bore the surname of Herbert.3 Edward Herbert returned to Oxford after his marriage, accompanied by his wife and mother, and devoted himself to study. He became an accomplished scholar and linguist, a good rider and fencer, and was fairly proficient in music. He was made a Knight of the Bath by James I., at his coronation, in 1603. He was Sheriff of Montgomeryshire in 1605, and his name appears on the roll of magistrates of the County that year and in 1606. 4 That year the King took Montgomery Castle from Sir Edward
1 The " differences" referred to, originated in a law suit between Sir Edward Herbert of I'owis Castle (a distant cousin of Kichard Herbert of Blackball) and Mr. Vaughan of Llwydiarth, in 1587-8. The partisans of both families appear to have kept up a feud for many years, which once at least, narrowly escaped being the cause of serious bloodshed. (See Owen and Blake ways History of Shrewsbury, Vol. I., p. 390.)
u See article on " Montgomery," Fowysland Coll., vol. xxiii. , p 67, and If, where the deed is punted in full from the original document at I'owis Castle.
s Dirt, of 'Nat. /iio,;r/if>/iy, vol. xxvi.
* Sheriffs of Mo/itgo we rys/th,-, by W. V. Lloyd.
THE HERBERTS OF CHERBURY.
and presented it to his kinsman Philip Herbert, who was created Kail of Montgomery on 4th June that year, and became Earl of Pembroke 1630. It was restored to Sir Edward by Earl Philip in 1613 upon the payment of £500. Sir Edward was abroad most of the time between 1608 and 1617, travelling for pleasure, or fighting as a Volunteer, in the Low Countries. In 1619 he was appointed Ambassador to Louis XIII. 61 France, and earned the approbation of the King by his diplomacy, until 1024, when he was suddenly recalled apparently because he refused to carry out some un- reasonable instructions given to him in connection with the proposed marriage of Prince Charles with Henrietta Maria of France. Sir Edward returned from France deeply in debt. The year of his recall he was created Baron Herbert of Castle Island in the Peerage of Ireland, and in 1629 u>' Charles I., Baron Herbert of Cherbury, Co. Salop, in the peerage of England. He was member of the Council of War for some years, which makes his conduct in the Civil Wars the more deplorable as the owner of the Castle of Montgomery. Summoned to Shrewsbury by Prince Rupert to discuss the defence of Wales in 1643, he refused on the plea of ill health, objected to soldiers being sent to his assistance at Montgomery, and in September, 1644, sur- rendered the Castle to the rebels.1 He subsequently accepted pecuniary aid from the Parliament. From this time he lived chiefly in his house in (jueen Street, London, near St. Giles, and died there August 20th, 1648. He was buried in the Church of St. Giles in the Fields- The follow- ing inscription said to be by Lord Stanhope, was on a slab over his grave: — "Hie inhumaiur corpus Edwardi Herbert equitis Balnei, baranis de Cherbury et Castle- 1 si and, auctoris libri, cui tit 2 tins est ' De Vcritate." Reddor ?tt herbae vicesimo die &%igmli anno Domini lb '■/#."-
Lord Herbert was an author of much repute. His chief philosophical work which was in Latin, " De Veritate" was first published in Paris in 1624, and "is the fust purely
1 Poivysland Club Coll., vol. xi., p. 425. Die. National /Hot>.
- The stone .villi this inscription is not in the present Church of Si. Gilts in
th; Fields, which was built later than 164S ; but the record of the burial is in
the le uster.
EDWARD 1st LORD HERBERT OF CHERBURY.
THE HERBERTS OF CHERRURY.
4*
metaphysical treatise written by an Englishman." The only one of his philosophical writings ever translated into English Was k' l)e Rcligione Gentilium." A volume: of poems in Latin and English was published after his death by his brother Henry. The work by which he is best known now is his Autobiography. Of his Life of Henry VIII., Sidney Lee says: —"It is an unmeasured eulogy of Henry VIII'. s statesmanship, and a laboured endeavour to Condone the crimes of his private life."1
In his will, dated August, 1648, Lord Herbert gives the following instructions as to a monument to be erected to his memory : " It is my w ill that a monument which remains with a Mr. Stone in Long Acre or his executors may be erected in Montgomery or Cherbury Church with a strong grate of iron or trellis eight foot high before it every way, which it is heedful, and that my executors, hereafter named
furnish the charge theteof, as also that which
remains due to the said Mr. Stone . . for the same, being live and t wen tie pounds to be paid in hand, and twentie pounds more when the work is finished. And that this inscription be placed on the pedestal of the pillar, which is to stand in the middle of the said monument — 'Quid aspectas Lector- ? noil iaccl allibi Edivfirdus P>aro Herbert Jc Cherbury et Castri I us// Lie de Kerry sed mcliori sui parte in bcatorum sedes abjit scrain posicritatem tcstatus nihil ita relictum nisi quod secum abdueere iiolait, rale lector et stude cternitati.' Notwith- standing w hich, and if leave may be obtained for the building ol a little chappell adjacent to that at Montgomery w here my ancestors were buried, or one at the other end of the chancel on the South side above an old monument there. Then my w ill is that the said chappel be built so that without the wall it may he fourteen foot broad, one and twenty foot long', and two and twenty foot high, to be finished with starres about as the other ehappcll is, and that a grate or trellis o( iron eight loot high should be erected at . . . loot distance from the en trie into it, so that a square of fourteen foot may remain tor placing the monument."
1 Lord Hcbert's Autobiography, [ntrod.by Sidney I.cc. See also Wiilpolc'.s Royul and Noble Authors. The MS. of Henry VIII. was included in the heijuest to ]esus College and is now, with other MSS. belonging to that College, in the Bodleian. ,
42
THE HERBERTS OF CHERBURY.
That such a large and inartistic monument1 was never erected, is hardly to be wondered at, but it is surely to be regretted that no memorial of any sort exists in either Montgomery or Chirbury Church, to this remarkable man.
He bequeathed his personal possessions, including his books in Montgomery Castle, to his beloved grandson Edward, the eldest son of Richard, Lord Herbert's son and heir: ''charging my said grandson upon my blessing that he neither sell, nor give away, nor as much as lend, any of my said books out of my said castle," but he wished that his grandson should " permit and suffer his said father to have the use of the said books and household stuff during his life." He bequeathed all his printed books in Latin and Greek, w hich were then in his house in Queen St., to Jesus College, Oxford, kt for the use of the College and as an inception of a library there." 2 He strictly charged his grandson to have the "manuscripts, written papers and English books in that house carefully removed to Montgomery Casth:, and there preserved w ith his other books and papers." Another paragraph appears to refer to his autobiography: — "I do hereby leave it to a person, whom I shall by word entreat to finish the same, and to publish it to the world by my direction." 3
To his younger son Edward, he left the Manor of Llyssin for his life; after him to his grandson Edward.
To his daughter Beatrix, who was born at Montgomery Castle, August, 1604, and survived her father, he bequeathed all the plate in his Castle of Montgomery, also £400 of the money obtained from the sale of his clothes and furniture in the house in Queen Street. This was in addition to the
1 See further description ot monument in Note j, p. 300 of Lord Herbert's A utobiog.
- By trie courtesy of the Librarian of Jesus College, I was enabled to see the contemporaneous MS. list of Lord Herbert's bequest. There are 938 works, principally (ireek and Latin. 1 hey are entered in the list under the following headings :—
Theologici ; Critici et politici literaturae.
llistoiici; Juris; iVf athematici ; Phys'ci ; Ethici ; Metaphysici ; Medici; liistor. naturalis ; Miiitarij ; Musici. Lihri I'hilologici ft humanioris Litera- turae. Critici, Maiuci. (K. C. H.).
One copy "I this manuscript is said to have been found at Ribbesford, and was published by Mr. Walpole ot Strawberry Hill about 1782. {Collections for (he History of Worcestershire, vol. 2, page 271).
THE HERBERTS OF CHERBURY.
43
portion formerly settled upon her by her father in 1642. Both plate and money, however, were only to be hers upon the condition, that she delivered up a certain diamond hatband she was keeping for him, and which was then in her possession. Should she refuse to deliver it up, the bequests to her were to be void.
The said diamond hatband he bequeathed to his grand- children Frances and Florence 1 to be equally divided between them, and converted into wearing jewels, which he desired they should keep for his sake. He also left them two small bags of old gold : "such bags containing one hundred and twentie pounds to be divided amongst them part and part alike." The plate in Queen Street he left to his grandson Kdward.-
Heatrix Herbert is said to have been buried at Beaumaris, in Anglesey. It will be remembered that her mother had some property in that island.
On one of the chained books in the Chirbury Library are the following lines bearing her signature: —
" Mysterious God Thy thorough pearcinge eye Views our black deeds lock'd in night's treasurie. The aire is Thy register where wee With our own breath pen our own historic. Our thoughts are characters to Thee more clear Than to man's opticks mountains can appeare. Who then can scape when our deeds might displais Our words, our breath, our thoughts our harts betraies ? Lord none, except Thy Grace inspire us soe Our deeds, words, thoughts onlie from Thee may flowe.
Beatrix Herbert."3
It is much to be regretted that no more of her poetry, nor au)r further information about her exists, so far as can be ascertained.
1 Sisters lb tin- above mentioned Edward, sjrd Lord, ami Henry, 4th Lord Herbert of Ghirbury. Florence (usually called Florentia) married her kinsman Richard 1 Ierbert of l)ol--uo£.
- Copy of Edward land Herbert of Cherbury's will at Somerset House,
J From Curndon Magazine.
Vol. VII., 3rd Series. , I'
44
THE HERBERTS OF CHERBURY.
Richard, second Baron Herbert of Cherbury was always a loyal subject to Charles I. He fought for the King during
Facsimile of Edward, Lord Herbert's signature.
the Civil Wars; was governor of Bridgnorth, and later of Aberystwyth.1 In 1634 he was very active in assisting the sick and poor of Shrewsbury during the plague. In 1649 the Parliament allowed him to compound fur his estates, but although he paid a large line he was afterwards ordered to demolish Montgomery Castle.
The following is a copy of the Commissioners' Order for the demolition : —
Mountgomery 290 Jan ij 1649.
Com.
Whereas wee have received a Commission from the " right honble the Counsell of State, appointed by Authority of Parliam1 date decimo quinto Janij 1649 for the totall demollishing of Montgomery Castle wlh all Expedition, and to appoint some fit person or persons to undertake the same, and to make the best Improvem1 of the Materials of the said Castle and to keepe a just accompt thereof for defraying the Charges of demollishing the said Castle, and towards the damages of the Lord Herbert of the same demolition Uppon a full debate ol the charges would accrewe upon the state by the same demolition over and above the valuation of the Materialls: Wee doe hereby authorize the said Lord Cherbury by his servants and such as shall be employed by and under him to undertake and pursue the totall demollish- ing of the said Castle with all Expedition according to Orders of Parliam*, and further wee doe appoint and authorize Mr. Edward Allen, and Mr. Richard Thompson to keepe a just and pfect accompt as well of the value of the Materialls, as also of the Charges of the demollishing of the said Castle, and the same to deliver unto us wth .what Expedition they may, Likewise wee doe authorize the Lord
1 Powystund Club Coll., vol. viii. , [>[>. 1 jO 159.
Cornelius Van Jansen, pinxit.
J. //. Anderson, Photo
THE HERBERTS OF CHERBURY.
45
Cherbury and his servants to take away sell and dispose of the Materialls in or belonging to the said Castle to his Lopps use and best advantage for his charges in the demollishing the said Castle, and in case that the valuation of the Materialls will exceede the charges of the demollishing then the said Lord Herbert is to accompt for the surplussage thereof; And in case the Materialls will not defray the Charge of demollishing, then the said Lord Herbert is to be considered for his charges over and above the value of the Materialls, and for so dpeing this shalbe yor sufficient warrant in that behalfe.
To the right honble Richard Evan Lloyd
Lord Herbert Baron of Hugh Price
Chirbury and Castle Islands Kiel) Griffith." 1
The report issued by the above mentioned Mr. Allen and Mr. Thompson was as follows: — <; To the Commissioners for demolishing of Montgomery Castle.
In pursuance of your order of the 9th of June last authorising us for the keepinge of a perfect Accompte as well of the valuation of the Materialls as also of the charge of the demolishinge of Mountgomery Castle, wee accordingly have scene the totall demolishinge thereof and kept an accompte of the same, by which it doth appeare that the Materialls of the sayd Castle, (amount ?) unto the sume of five hundred poundes and the disgarrisoninge the same doth amount unto the some of live hundred and five pounds, three shillings accordinge to our engagement, and soe rest
Your humble servants,
Ed4. Allen
Richard Thompson.
Mountgomery 16th November 1649. Vera copia ex pro J. Herbert " 2
The Parliament however were careful not to lose by the transaction as will be shewn by the following: —
1 From the original order.
- From tin- authenticated copy.
46
THE HERBERTS OF CHERBURY.
Recommendation of President Bradshaw to the Council in response to Ld II. of C.'s petition, That the sum of £r,6n ios., the remaining sum of his fine be allowed him out of the damages from the destruction of of the Castle valued at £4,000. " My Lords and Gentlemen,
In pursuance of an order of Parliamt of the nth of June 1649, this Councell gave order to certaine psons to take care to have the Castle of Montgomery demolished and the best improvement made of the matenalls and with all to certify what Damage the Lord Herbert received by the demolition of the said Castle which accordingly they have done. And by their certificate it appears that hee hath * bin ' endamaged thereby above the sume of foure thousand pounds And whereas by the Order of the house this Councell is Authorised to give order for the paying of such money unto him as they shall think litt to allow for his losse in the pulling downe of his Castle out of the second payment of the line for his delinquency which was respited untill certificate could bee made. And whereas the Councell is informed that there is remaining yet unpaid of his ffine the sume of one thousand six hundred eleaven pounds ten shillings They are therefore of opinion and doe desire that the said sume of one thousand six hundred and eleaven pounds ten shillings may be allowed unto him by you in consideration of his damages sustained by the demolition of his said Castle.
Signed in the name and by Order of the
Councell of State, appointed by authority
of Pariiam*.
Jo. Bradshaw, Prsident.
Whitehall
22nd Jan : 1649."
Ed. II.
A true copy, 19 Dec. 55. 1
T. Bayly Keg1;
To the Right IIonoblc the Comlec
for Compounding with delinqts.
1 This veriiicaiun is evidently written by Edward, 3rd Lord Herbert, in 1055 the ye. u his father Richard,, 2nd Lord llcibeii, died.
THE HERBERTS OE CHERBURY.
47
This Order for Allowance recommended by the Council of State was accordingly issued by the said Commissioners, dated 25th Jan)-, 1649,1 but it appears that as late as 1655 the Parliament was still claiming the payment of Lord Herbert's line for " Delinquency," * when his absolute discharge was decreed by the following Order: —
" The Lords Conns of the Try 2 absolute Discharge for ye line of Richard Lord 1 Fcrbcrt
January 2nd 1055 this paper must be carefully preserved. |Jy the Commissioners of the Treasury January 2nd, 1^55.
Whereas upon Certificate from the Comrs for Manageing Lstates under Seqiiestracon, That a ffine of Two Thousand Hour hundred Seaventy four pounds, heretofore imposed by the late Comrs for Compounding with Delinquents upon Richard Herbert of St. Julians in the County of Monmouth Esq: for his Delinquency was unpaid. Wee did by our order of the ijth November last require, that the said Richard Herbert, if he were living, or in case he were dead, that then his heires Executors or Administrator should on or before the 15th of December last past, pay into the Receipt of his llighnes Excheqr ; the said sum of Two Thousand ffiye hundred Seaventy four pounds, with Interest for the same to be computed from the tyme when the same ought to have been paid. And whereas upon reading the peticon of the Lady Mary Heibert, Relict of Richard Lord Herbert deceased and Edward Lord Herbert of Cherbury, sonne and heire of the same Richard Lord Herbert alleadg- ing that the sum of One Thousand pounds, part of the said Mine, was paid, and the remaynder discharged, Wee have considered of what is produced, to make good the Suggestions of the said peticon. It thereupon appears to be that after the setting of the said ffine, and before the payment of any [ arte thereof Edward late Lord Herbert of Cherbury, father of the said Richard dyed, and the honor of Lord Herbert defended upon him the said Richard.*'
1 This Order is printed in lull in J^uioysla ud Cult., vol. xxiii., p. 79 and f. In comparing the dut.es of the different MbS., it must be remembered that until 1752 I lie year bewail on March .:5th inst'ead ol January 1st-
J \ 11. , " Ticabury." »
4»
THE HERBERTS OF CHERBURY.
They then state that upon enquiry they find that part of the fine was paid by Lord Herbert, and the remainder was discharged in consideration of the damages he had sustained by the demolition of Montgomery Castle. After quoting in detail the before mentioned Commissioners' orders they conclude in these words: —
"It is therefore upon Consideration of the whole matter, ordered that the Heirs Executors and Administrators of the said Richard late Lord Herbert of Cherbury deceased (formerly Richard Herbert of St. Julians in the County of Monmouth Esqr) and every of them, bee and are hereby discharged, and dismissed from further attendance or question for or concerning the said ffine or any part thereof. B. Whitelocke,
BradshaWi" 1
Of a slightly earlier date than any of the foregoing documents, is an order for the Protection of Lyssin signed by Fairfax, in the following terms : —
" These are to require every one of you on sight hereof not to (plunder ?) the house of the Right honblc Richard Lord Herbert of Cherbury and Castle Islands at Lyssin in the County of Montgomery or to offer any violence to his pson or any of his ffamily or to medic wth or take away his horses Cattle sheepe Corne household stuffe or any other of his goods whatsoever And you are not to quarter any Officers or Soldiers at the house of the said Lord Herbert he providing his right and equall proporc'on abroad As you will (insweare ?) the Contrary he doeing nothing preiudiciall to the Parliam* or Army.
Given under my hand and scale the 23rd day of June 1649.
T- Fairfax." 1
Richard married Mary, daughter of John Egerton, first Earl of Pridgewater, and had four sons and four daughters. Two sons were successively, Barons Herbert of Cherbury, two died unmarried. Elorentia, the second daughter, survived her brothers; she married her kinsman Richard Herbert of Dolguog, and Oakley Park, Co. Salop, and their
1 Copied from the MS. at Powis Castle. (K. C. II.).
EDWARD, 3RD LORD HERBERT OF CHERBURY.
John AV/Vr, piuxit, /. II. Anderson, Photo.
THE HERBERTS OF CHERBURY.
49
grandson was Henry Arthur, created Earl of Powis in 1748. Richard, Lord Herbert, left by his will " tenne pounds to the poor of the parish of Chirbury." 2 He died in 1655, and was buried in Montgomery Church.3
Edward, third Baron Herbert of. Cherbury, was the favourite grandson of the first lord. In 1659 he and his brother Henry attempted to organise a rising in favour of Charles II.; but without success. For a second attempt in Cheshire, under Sir George Booth, afterwards Lord Delamere, Lord Herbert suffered a short imprisonment. After the restoration in 1660, he was made custos rotulorum I* >t Montgomeryshire, and for Denbighshire in 1666. Pie di< 1 pec. <). 1678, and was buried in St. Edmund's Chapel, Westminster Abbey, under a black marble slab. He was twice married, but died without issue. He was suc- ceeded by his brother. The present house at Lymore appears to have been added to by him, as it bears over the entrance his monogram and the date 1675. Unfortunately there is no existing record (so far as is known) of when and by whom this interesting house was first built. From the general character of the building, however, it is likely to date from about 1560. The statement that it was (originally) 4 built by Edward, third Lord Herbert, must certainly be erroneous.
Henry, fourth Baron Herbert of Cherbury, although he remained loyal to Charles II., was opposed to the Duke of York, afterwards James II. He, and his cousin Henry Herbert of Ribbesford (afterwards the first Lord Herbert of the second creation) became devoted adherents of William of Orange. He married Catherine, daughter of Erancis Newport, first Earl of Bradford, but died without issue. He allotted Lymore and a considerable portion of the adjoining
1 From the original order.
The foregoing papers are from copies made by Lady Magdalen Herbert and me iroai tile original documents and authenticated copies at Powis Castle. (F. C. II. ).
-1 Copy of the Will at Somerset House.
J The entry of his burial, however, is not in the register. There are few cinries of any kind at that time the Rector of Montgomery (the Kev. J. C, Whall) informs me, and the register looks as if a page may have lallen nut.
(F. C. II.
* 1'Uis statement is made in Poivjsland Club (oil., vol. vii., p. 140.
5o
THE HERBERTS OF CHERBURY.
estate to his widow as her jointure. In 1716, the year she died, she presented to Chirbury Church a Flagon. It is thus described by the Rev. J. Burd, in the Comdon Magazine in an article upon the Communion Plate at Chirbury: — "The Flagon is exceedingly handsome and massive; it stands 13 inches high, weighs 723 ozs. (troy weight), and contains three quarts " ;
Beneath an engraved Coat of Arms it bears the following inscription : —
" Hoc Vas Argenteum in Usum Parochianorurn Cherburiensium cv-^yKmav celebrantium sacrum fecit Catherina Domina Herbert Baronissa de Chirbury Anno J)om: 17 16." She was buried at Wroxeter. In the chancel of the Church there is a large Hat stone with the arms and the following inscription : — " .... the Body of Catherine Lady Herbert'
... of the Kt Honble Francis of Bradford and
Relict of the . . . Henry Lord Herbert of Cherbury
life ye 24 of April Anno D 17 16." 1
Henry, Lord Herbert, left his property to his nephew Francis, son of his sister Florentia and Richard Herbert of Dolguog and Oakley Park. He died 1691 when the title became extinct. The following is an extract from his will : 2 " I give all my manors etc to the issue male of my body : if none to John Fdwards of Torrington Esq: for 200 years, in trust to raise £6000 for each of my sisters Arabella Herbert and Alice Herbert. Remainder to my kinsman Francis Herbert of Bromfield Esq : for 99 years, if he so long live. Remainder to John Earl of Bridgwater and Meredith of Aberhavesp Esq: during the life of the said Francis Herbert to support contingent remainders. Remainder to issue male of the said Francis Herbert, if none to George Herbert Esq : brother of the said Francis Herbert in tail male. Remainder to Henry Herbert son of Henry Herbert of Ribbesford, co. Worcester, Esq : in tail male; Remainder to my kinsman Charles Herbert of Aston Co
1 I received a copy of this inscription through the courtesy of Miss Steavenson, Wroxeter Vicarage. The dots show where the words are obliterated.
- l'roin e\ti ids copied (torn Powis Castle Deeds by Rev. W. G. I). Fletcher and Miss Auden.
HENRY, 4TH LORD HERBERT OF CHERBURY.
John h'l/t'Y, pin.xit. /. //. Anderson, Photo.
THE HERBERTS OF CHERBURY.
5C
Montgomery Esq: in tail male; remainder to my kinsman, Arthur Herbert, Earl of Torrington, in tail male; remainder to my own right heirs.
Executors John Edwards and Rich. S ted man. Will proved P.C.C. f> May 1691 by R. Stedmafi, power reserved to John Edwards."
The following are also from the Powis Castle Deeds: — "8th Jul)' 1 701. Indenture between the Hon. Alice Burrard, relict of John Burrard of Leimington Co. Soutliants Esq: and Thorriasin Edwards widow and relict of John Edwards of Rorringtoh of the 1st part; Francis Herbert of Bromfield Esq: of 12nd part and Thos. Herbert of St Martins in the Fields, Co. Middlesex of the third part in consideration of £(hkh) by said Francis Herbert paid to said Alice Burrard and of £893 .10.7 paid to said Thomasin Edwards, the said Alice Burrard and Thomasin Edwards did bargain sell etc., all that the scite or chief mansion house ot the late dissolved priory of Chirbury with lands and tenements thereto belong- ing to the said Thos. Herbert for the term of 200 years in and by the will of Henry late Lord Herbert devised."
" 9 July> i70Ij Indenture between the said Thos. Herbert of the one part, and the said Francis Herbert of the other part. Declaration by said Thomas Herbert that the sums of £6,000 and £893 . 10 . 7 were the monies of the said Francis Herbert, and that he holds the property in trust for said Francis Herbert." 1
To give the history of the Lord Herberts of the second creation, it is necessary to return to Henry, sixth son of Richard and Magdalen Herbert, and brother to F^dward, the first lord. " Henry Herbert was born at Montgomery in I505 ; became Master of the Revels to James I. about 1621 ; was knighted 1623 ; became very intimate with Charles I., and was a consistent royalist throughout the Civil Wars. He was in possession of the manor and advowson of Ribbes- ford, Co. Worcester, which he had purchased in 1627. It is said that among the persons named in the deed of conveyance was his brother Ceorgc Herbert, afterwards rector of Bcmcrton. 2
1 |\ C. Deeds. - Aitlo. of lord llrrbcrt, y. 22 It.
Vol. VII., }ni. Sr.ies.
52
THE HERBERTS OF CHERBURY.
Henry was twice married, his second wife being Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Robert Offlcy of Dalby; Co. Leicester. In 1640 he was elected Member for Bewdley in the " Long Parliament," but in August, 1642, the House of Commons resolved that he should be disabled from sitting on account of his having put into execution the King's Commission of Array."1 At the Restoration he was again returned for Bewdley, which he represented until his death. He was also Master of the Revels to Charles II. Sir Henry, who was a brave and loyal soldier, as well as an accomplished scholar and courtier, died in 1673 at Ribbesford. His invaluable MS. Diary of Plays licensed by him between 1621 and 1641 is in the pos- session of the Earl of Powis, and has never been fully printed.
Burton, in the Appendix to his History of Bewdley, quotes some entries in the register of Ribbesford of gifts from Sir Henry to the Church : " In the year above written (1633) Sir Henry Herbert, Knight, Patron of the Church and Lord of the Mannor of Ribsford, bestowed upon the said Church the great greene Cushion whereof the upper pt is velvet and the lower pt Sattin, together with the case of greene shagg- bayes to keepe carry and preserve it in, the cushion to be for the pulpitt when sermons are therin delivered."
The following year he gave a " carpett of greene broad- cloth with a greene silk fringe about it to be put on the Communion Table."
" A large Communion Cupp of silver with a cover for the same . . . with this inscription. Soli Deo Gloria. Poeulum benedictionis cui benedicimus nonne communio Sanguinis Christi est Cap X Pauli ad Corinth. Donum Henrici Herberti Eq : Ecclesiaj de Ribsford. Anno Dom. 1636 mens mart. Ante Festum Paschal."
Two years later he presented a silver Flagon, and in 1639: " another silver ilugon folio weing the first, for the same use as is above mentioned, with a case to preserve it in." It bore the following inscription : —
k> Implcte 6c haurite nunc Hoc est novum illud pactum per me um sanguinem. Donum etc. 1639."
1 A History of Hcwdley, \>. 07. Tin: above mentioned Commission of Array of Churks I. is at Powis Castle. (K C. II.).
THli HERBERTS OF CHE R BURY.
53
4< The same Sir Hen. Herbert gave 4 pewter potts with hanglesses to carry them by, to containe the wine at the communion."
Henry Herbert, the son of Sir Henry by his second wife, was born in 1654. He was elected member for Bewdley in 1676. In James II.'s reign lie espoused the cause of William of Orange, and fought for him in Holland and also in Worcestershire! He married in 1077 Anne, daughter and co-heir of John Ramsey, Esq., Alderman of the City of London, ajad had a son Henry, who succeeded him. In 1694 William III. revived in his favour the title of Baron Herbert 0! Clierbury, lie died 22 Jan., 1708, and was buried in St Paul's Church, Covcnt Garden.1
Henry, second Baron Herbert of the second creation, manual Mary, daughter of John Wallop of Farley, South- ampton, the sister of John Wallop, first Earl of Portsmouth. He died at Ribbesford by his own hand in 1738, without issue, and the title again became extinct. The manor of Ribbesford then passed to Lord Herbert's cousin " Henry Morlcy, a great-grandson of Sir Henry Herbert." Plenry Morley, who assumed the surname of Herbert, died unmarried in 1781, leaving all his property to his sister Mary Magdalene, who also died unmarried the following year, 1782. She made her first cousin, George Paulet, Esq., who succeeded in 1794 as 12th Marquis of Winchester, her heir, and he in 1787 sold Ribbesfofti to Francis Ingram of Ticknell. Mr. Ingram died Oct. 21, 1797, and by his will gave the estate to Sir E. Wilmington, Bart., of Stanford Court (his wife's brother), for his life, and after his decease to Edward Wilmington, the second son of the said Sir E. Wilmington and his first and other sons in succession, he and they taking and using the name and arms of Ingram. The last of that family to possess the property was the Rev. E. Winnington-Ingram
1 Powysland Coll., vol. vii. ; Diet. Arat. Biog., vol. xxvi. Obituary prior to 1S00 compiled by Sir William Musgrave. The Rector of St. Paul's, Covent (larden, informs me that no entry of Henry Lord Herbert's burial in ;7oS-o. can be found ; nor can his burial or that of Sir Henry Herbert mentioned above be found in tin; Ribbesford register. The Rector, the Rev. II. A. Moore, however, writes that his clerk informs him that there was formerly an altar tomb to one of the family in what is still locally called the Herbert Chapel. Ibis was destroyed 60 years ago by the collapse of the roof above it. I have tried in vain to dis- cover any further information. (1<\ C. If.).
54
THE HERBERTS OF CHERBURY.
(father of the present Bishop of London), Rector of Stamford-on-Teme, who died 1891, leaving Ribbesford to his widow, nee Pepys, daughter of the Bishop of Worcester. She sold it in 1902, and after passing through various hands, it was purchased in 1905 by Mr. Lees Milner, the present owner.
The eldest male representative of this branch of the Herberts was now Henry Arthur, the descendant of Matthew Herbert of Dolguog, Co. Montgomery (the uncle of Edward first Lord Herbert).
In Jan., 1594, the said Matthew Herbert married Margaret,1 daughter of Charles Fox of Bromfield. By her he had two sons. The younger, Samuel, married Margaret, daughter and heir of Lewis Owen of Peniarth, and hod two sons who died without issue.2
The elder son, Francis, of Oakley Park, Co. Salop, married as his second wife Abigail, daughter of William Garton of Sussex. By her he had two sons : the elder, Matthew of Dolguog, created a Baronet in 1663, died without issue. The younger, Richard, married his kinswoman Florentia, the grand-daughter of the first, the sister of the third and fourth Lords Herbert of the first creation.
Richard and Florentia had two sons. The second, George, married Martha, daughter of John Newton of Heighley (or Heighlley), relict of Richard Owen (or Owens). The Heighley estate is in Chirbury parish, and was eventually bought by Henry Arthur, Earl of Powis, in 1770.
George and Martha's son Francis, who married Mary, daughter ot Rowland Baugh, Esq., of Stonehouse, Co. Salop, was included in the limitations of the patent of nobility, dated Oct. 10th, 1749, granted to the Earl ot Powis.
Richard 3 and Florentia's elder son Francis of Oakley Park, married Dorothy, daughter and co-heir of John Oldbury of London. Their eldest son, Henry Arthur, was born at Oakley Park, and baptized at Bromfield April 9th, 1703. He was member for Ludlow from 17^7 until George
1 See Bromfield Register^.
2 Poivvslund Coll., vol. vi., quoting from Peniarth MSS.
3 Richard Herbert was buried at Bromfield, March 25th, 1676, and his widow Klurciitia Herbert, Jan. 1 <_> t h , 1705. (Ihoinlield Registers).,
THE HERBERTS OF CHERBURY.
55
II. created him Baron Herbert of Chirbury by letters patent, dated Dec. 21st, 1743. His brother, Colonel Richard Herbert, was then elected member for Ludlow in his place, and served in two Parliaments, until his death, unmarried, in
1754-1 ■
In 1 7 4 S , William, Marquis of Powis, of Powis Castle, died, and his title became extinct. His grandfather, William, third Lord Powis, was created Earl of Powis by Charles II. on April 4th, 167.), as a reward fur his loyalty. Soon after the accession of fames II. he was created Viscount Montgomery and Marquess of Powis, and his wife was appointed Lady of the Bedchamber to the Queen. They writ: Roman Catholics and appear to have been in great favour at the Court. On Jan. 12th, 1689, James II. by letters patent created the Marquis, Duke of Powis, but as the King had already abdicated and u as in exile in France, the title was never recognised in England, and his estates were confiscated by William and Mary.
In 1722, his son William, second Marquis of Powis, obtained restitution of his estates and the recognition of all his titles, except the Dukedom. The second Marquis died in 1745, leaving two sons, William the third Marquis (who died without issue in 174S) and Edward, who married Henrietta2 daughter of the Earl ol Waldegrave in 1734, and died that same year shortly before the birth of his daughter Barbara.3
William, the third Marquis, who in his will styles himself Duke and Marquis of Powis, left his property in the hands of trustees. Certain legacies were to be paid ; Powis Castle to be maintained in the same manner as it had been by the testator, the Castle and its contents, the Park Gardens and
1 Gentleman's Mago zinc, Vol. XIII. p. 668.
- Lady Henrietta, widow of Lord Edward Herbert, married Mr Beard, the comedian, in 1739.
3 It is of interest to note that the present Earl of Powis is descended from both William, Karl of Pembroke, and his brother Sir Richaid Herbert, who were beheaded in 1469. The first Lord Herbert of Cherbury was directly descended from Sir Richard Herbert, while his wife Mary Herbert of St. Julians claimed descent bum feir George Herbert, the younger sun of William, Karl ot Pembroke, while Barbara, Countess ot Powis, whose ancestors were Marquises ot Powis, w.is descended bum an illegitimate son of the Karl of Pembroke. Thus the various estates of tiie different branches ol the family were brought together by intermarriage.
THE HERBERTS OF CHERBURY.
demesne to be preserved from decay and ruin. Even the same number of servants were to be kept, to be paid and maintained in the same manner. Five thousand pounds was to be spent for the carrying on and improving some lead mines on the estate. When the trustees had deducted the cost of these and other charges, the proceeds of the whole property were to be paid to Henry Arthur1 Lord Herbert of Chirbury, for his life, and after him to his son or sons in tail male. Failing them, the testator directed: " for the only use and behoof of my own right heirs for ever."
On May 27th, 1748, Henry Arthur was created Baron Powis of Powis Castle, Viscount Ludlow and Earl of Powis, and March 30th, 175 1, he married his kinswoman, the before- mentioned. Barbara, niece of William, last Marquis of Powis.
The newly created Earl of Powis was appointed Comp- troller and Treasurer of the Household to King George III.; he was also made Lord Lieutenant of the Counties of Salop and Montgomery. Himself a member of the Church of England, his wife, Barbara, was a Roman Catholic. It was therefore decided that should they have children, the eldest son and daughter were to be brought up in the Church of England, the younger ones as Roman Catholics. But only two of their five children lived to grow up. Three daughters, Georgina, Augusta, and Barbara Henrietta, died young.
The following entry is in the Bromfield register: — "1756, May 13. Ye Honble Georgegiana Herbert buried. And the Rt Honble Lady Augusta Herbert having been buried in ye Church of St. James, Westminster, was brought by a Faculty to ys place."
Lord Powis's only son and the surviving daughter, Henrietta Antonia were then brought up as members of the Church of England.
Henry Arthur, while still only Lord Herbert of Chcrbury, as Lord Lieutenant of the County, raised a regiment of Fusiliers in Shropshire at the time of the advance of Prince Charles Edward and his Scottish army in 1745 to regain the
1 In the copy ol the Will ;it Somerset House, lie is mentioned by his second name only : "Arthur, Lord Herbert of Cherhury."
HENRIETTA ANTONIA, COUNTESS OF POWIS.
Sir Jos/ma Reynolds, pinxit.
THE HERBERTS OF CHERBURY.
57
English throne for the Stuarts.1 It appears doubtful whether Lord Herbert's regiment proved very efficient, as the men had been hastily enrolled and were quite undisciplined.
Henry Arthur died at Bath, Sept. n, 1772, and was buried at Welshpool.
He was succeeded by his only son George Edward Henry Arthur, second Earl of Ppwis, who was only seventeen at the time of his father's death. He was Lord-Lieutenant of Montgomeryshire and Recorder of Ludlow. He died un- married in 1801, aged forty-six, when his titles became extinct, whilst his estates became the property of his surviv- ing bister Henrietta Aritonia. She had married in 1784 Edward, second Lord (dive, the son of the famous Robert, Lord ('live, Baron of Plassey. Edward Lord Clive was born in 1 7.5 1 ; was member for Ludlow before he attained his majority, and continued to represent that borough after he succeeded his father (as the peerage was an Irish one) until he was created Baron Clive of Walcot in the English peerage, Aug. 13, 1794. He was appointed Governor of Madras in 1802, and proved a most efficient one. In Lord Clive's own words, " happy relations subsisted " between the Governor-General of India (the Marquis of Wellesley) and himself.2 Clive, by the prompt adoption of the most effica- cious measures of preparation for the Mahratta war and the operations against Tippoo Sahib of Mysore was of the greatest assistance. He also, on behalf of the East India Company annexed the rich and fertile region of the Carnatic to the British possessions. He returned to England the end of 1803, and on May 3, 1804, it was resolved that the thanks of both Houses of Parliament be given to the " Right Honour- able Lord Clive, late Governor of the Settlement of Fort Saint George, for his zealous, cordial and honourable con- currence in promoting the Military Operations which since the commencement of the War have been attended in every part of India with an uninterrupted series of the most signal and splendid victories." 3
1 Hist of Shrewsbury, vol. i., p. 507.
- Lord clive's answer to the vote of thanks accorded to him in the House of Lords.
3 Parliamentary Papers, May, 1S04. Salopian Journal, May 22, iSjo.
58
THE HERBERTS OF CHERBURY.
The same month he was created Baron Powis of Powis Castle, Baron Herbert of Chirbury, Viscount Clive of Ludlow and Earl of Powis. He was nominated as Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland in Nov., 1805, but the death of Mr. Pitt in January, 1806, cancelled the appointment. He was Lord-Lieutenant of Shropshire and Recorder of Shrewsbury and Ludlow. He died in 1839.
Lord Powis had four children. Edward, who succeeded him, Robert Henry Clive who succeeded to the Oakly Park estate, and married Harriet, daughter of Other, fifth Earl of Plymouth, co-heir with her sister to the Barony of Windsor. In 1855 the abeyance of the title was terminated in her favour and she became Baroness Windsor. She was the grandmother of the present Baron Windsor, in whose favour the Earldom of Plymouth was revived Nov., 1905.
Lord Powis had two daughters. Henrietta Antonia married Sir Watkin Williams Wynn, and died in 1855. The younger daughter Charlotte Florentia, married Hugh, third Duke of Northumberland, R.G., in 1817. She was governess to the late Queen, when Princess Victoria. She died in 1866.
Edward, second Earl of Powis, was born March 22, 1785, and married Feb., 1818, Lucy, third daughter of James, third Duke of Montrose, a descendant of the " Great Marquis," who so valiantly fought for Charles I. in Scotland, and suffered death for the cause of his royal master by order of the Duke of Argyle.
The Earl of Powis assumed, in March, 1807, the surname and arms of Herbert instead of Clive. He was member for Ludlow from 1806 until his succession to the peerage in 1830.
In 1846 he successfully opposed in the House of Lords the proposed union of the sees of St. Asaph and Bangor.1 In recognition of his services to the Church in this matter, a public subscription was raised and invested in founding the Powis Exhibitions at Oxford and Cambridge, "for the maintenance of Students, natives of Wales or of the four dioceses of Bangor, St. Asaph, St. David's and Llandaff, thoroughly acquainted with the Welsh language, members of
See Po-.vysland Club Coll., vol. viii. , page 25.
THE HERBERTS Ol CHEKliUKY.
59
the Church of England and intending to become candidates for Holy Orders." 1
In 1847, Lord Powis contested the Chancellorship of the University of Cambridge with the Prince Consort. The former had been already nominated as candidate by the Master and Fellows of St. John's College, when the Prince was opposed to him. Neither though! it right, under the special circumstances, to retiie in favour of the other, without an election, and the Prince was elected by a majority of 117.
The Karl of Powis was Lord- Lieutenant of Montgomery- shire, and was made a Knight of the Carter in 1 845. He died in 1 «S j S , being buried in St. Mary's Church, Welshpool, lie left live sons and three daughters.
Hi: was succeeded by his eldest son Ldward James, Viscount Give; who was born Nov. 5, 1818, educated at Eton and St. John's College, Cambridge, where he graduated as a first classman in classics in 1840. He represented North Shropshire in Parliament from 1843-8; became High Steward of the University of Cambridge in 1863, and was Lord- Lieutenant of Montgomeryshire. He died in 189 1, unmarried, and was succeeded by his nephew, George Charles Herbert, the son of Lieutenant-General Sir Percy Egerton Herbert, of whom a short account must be given.
Percy Egerton Herbert, K.C.B., P.C., the second son of Edward, second Earl of Powis, a Lieutenant-General in the Arm)', A.D.C. to the Queen, Officer of the Legion of Honour, Knight of the Metljidie and Commander of SS. Maurice and Lazarus in Sardinia, was born in 18^2, educated at Eton and Sandhurst; entered the 43rd Loot in 1840; saw much hard service in South Africa in the Kaffir War 1851-3, and received a brevet Lieut. -Colonelcy for his services. In 1854 he was appointed Assistant-Ouartermastcr-General of the second, or Sir D. Lacy Evans's division of the army of the East, with which he landed in the Crimea. He was said to be one of the few officers who retired from that campaign with an enhanced reputation- Granville writing to
Lord Palmerston Ma)' 7, 1855, says :—" Percy Herbert is well spoken of in the Crimea. He has studied his profession
1 Ibid, vol. y-iii, , p. .jo.
Vol. VII., jni Series. "
6o
THE HERBERTS OF CHERBURY.
as a science. Macdonald and General Evans sing his praises."1 He was wounded at the battle of the Alma and again at the taking of Sebastopol. He was one of the most active and indefatigable — and Sir De Lacy Evans said he " certainly thought him the most efficient *of the officers on the staff in the Crimea." 2
After the return home of Sir Richard (afterwards Lord) Airey, Percy Herbert was Quartermaster-General of the Army until the evacuation of the Crimea.
At Powis Castle there is still preserved a printed copy of a letter published in the Morning Advertiser, signed "Georgius."
The writer, after referring to the goodwill Colonel Herbert gained by his unwearied exertions, by the assiduity with which he carried out his onerous duties as Assistant-Quarter- master-General of the 2nd Division adds: — "Not to the camp alone, but to the outposts, he was a constant visitor; every sentry expected him, although his presence drew forth many a shot and shell from the Russian batteries. He was proverbially named ' danger,' but everywhere welcomed as the soldier's friend. . . Many parties has he headed to penetrate into the Russian lines for wood, when his Division felt a scarcity — none hesitated to volunteer. I have witnessed the wonderful alacrity with which men, however wearied, formed a party for so perilous an incursion, only knowing who was their leader. It is not too much to say, that he knew every practical approach to Sebastopol ; he was ever at his post
" I trust, Sir, that you will in fairness, be the means of giving to your numerous readers the observations of one who is in no way connected with the gallant officer, but who has endured, in common with the army, the severities of a Crimean winter, and contributed towards the alleviation of distress among our soldiers."
Upon the return of Colonel Herbert to England, he as well as his brothers, was sworn as a burgess of Shrewsbury in 1856. He afterwards served in India during the Mutiny.
1 Life of the second Earl Granville, vol. i., p. no, and note. See also Kin^lake vi., GG ; Diet, of National liiog., xxvi., 207 ; Annual Registry, 1876.
2 Sessional I'apers, 1855, 'x > >-i l)a£c 43- Lieut. -Gen. vSir De I.acy's Evidence given before the Select Committee appointed to enquire into the condition o| our army before Sebastopol.
EDWARD 1st LORD HERBERT OF CHERBURY.
THE HERBERTS OE CHERBURY.
61
From i860 to 1865 he was Deputy Quartermaster- General at Head Quarters; from 1867 to 1868 Treasurer of Her Majesty's Household. Was Member for Ludlow from 1854 to i860, and for South Shropshire from 1865 to the time of of his death, Oct. 18, 1876. He married in i860, Mary, only child of William Thomas, Earl of Kerry, son of the third Marquis of Lansdowne, and by her left one son, George Charles, present Karl of Vow is, and two daughters, who were in 1 891 raised to the rank of Marl's daughters.1
Amongst the portraits at Powis Castle are the following, of members of the Herbert family mentioned in the foregoing pages : —
l he Karl of Pembroke, Lord Chamberlain to James I., K.G., painted by Blyenbergh in 1617. Lord Pembroke died in 1630.
Sir William Herbert of St. Julians, two portraits. He was the father of Mary, wife of Edward; 1st Lord Herbert of Cherbury.
Of Edward, first Lord Herbert of Cherbury, there are five portraits : —
1. Full length in the robes of the Bath. The painter is
unknown.
2. A miniature of him lying down after a duel, by Oliver.
3. An oval one, head only, with stars in the back-ground.
A similar one is at Charlcote. (A copy of this or of the Powis Castle one, belonged to the Cornwalls,2 and was sold in 1905).
4. A head with clouds in the back-ground.
5. One painted on a wooden panel.
Besides these there is (but not at Powis Castle) an engraving of Lord Herbert on horseback.3 Richard second Lord Herbert, wearing a large white collar, painted by Cornelius Van Jansen.
1 Besides those already mentioned, the following anthorities Inve been con- sulted : — T. B. Blakcway's Sheriffs of Shropshire ; |. Kdmondson's Baronagium Genealogicum ; T. C. Banks' The Dormant and Extinct Baronage \ Walton's Life of George Herbert ; The Herald and Genealogist ; Buyer's Annals of Queen Anne; John Le Neve'a Monunwn I [a Anglican a.- \ Kinglake's Invasion of the Crimea, etc.
- Mary Herbert, a cousin of Henry Arthur, first Marl of Powis, married Captain Frederick Cornwall on May 2, 1746. (See Bromfield Registers).
J The print of Lord Herbert on the favourite Spanish horse, given to him by '.he Due de Montmorency, is from an engraving in the possession of the Lady Mary Herbert. Lord Herbert, in his Autobiography, mentions the picture from which the engraving is evidently taken, but where it now is, or by whom it was painted, I am unable to discover. (l\ C. II.). ,
62
THE HERBERTS OE CHERBUKV.
Edward third Lord Herbert, by John Riley.
Henry fourth Lord Herbert, represented in armour with red hair, by John Riley.
Lady Catherine Newport, wife of the above mentioned Henry fourth Lord Herbert.
Sir Henry Herbert, Knt., Master of the Revels, brother of Edward first Lord Herbert of Cherbury.
Francis Herbert of Dolguog and Oakley Park, father of Henry Arthur, Earl of Powis.
Henry Arthur, first Earl of Powis.
Barbara, wife of above mentioned Henry Arthur, and daughter of Lord Edward Herbert, brother to the last Marquis of Powis. There is also a miniature of her.
Colonel Richard Herbert, brother to Henry Arthur.
George Edward Henry Arthur, second Earl of Powis, only son of Henry Arthur and Barbara. Of him there are four portraits; one in a chocolate-coloured dress, formerly said to be by Hoppner, but this is now disputed. One three-quarter length by Pompeo Battoni. A crayon head as a boy. Another of him rather older.
Henrietta Antonia, daughter of Henry Arthur and Barbara, wife of Edward, second Lord Clive, afterwards Earl of Powis. Of her there are three portraits. One three quarter length by Sir Joshua Reynolds. A crayon head, as a child Another as a girl in a blue dress holding a wreath.
There are also portraits of the first Duke of Powis by an unknown painter, and of his wife, by Wissing.
One of the second Duke, and two of his wife, by Michael l)ahl ; also a smaller oval portrait and a miniature of the Duchess and an enamel of the Duke.
An oval picture of the third Duke as a child.1
Descendants of Sir William Herbert, Earl of Pembroke, beheaded 1469.
Sir William Herbert created Karl ol Pembroke j-jOH-f-Ann, dau. of Sir Walter
Beheaded with his brother, Sir Richard Herbert ot Colebrook, by the Lancastrians in 14O9.
a
Deveureux, Knt.
1 1 am indebted lo the Earl of Powis for assistance in making the above list ot D01 traits.
THE HERBERTS OF CHERBURY.
63
I
William, 2nd Earl of Pembroke, surr. that Larldom, and was cre- ated Larl of Huntingdon in 1479.
Elizabeth, his sole daii. and heir, mar. Charles Somerset, created Lord Herbert of Ragland, Chep- stow and Gower, and l'arl of Worcester. He was the ancestor dI the Earls and Marquises ot Worcester and the Dul.es of Beaufort.
a±
ILLEGI: TIMA'IE
Bka ; NCH. Sir Richard of=f= Ewyas . I
I
William, cre- ated Eail ol Pembroke [581.
I
Sir George^f Jane, dau.
of Sir Richard Croft.
Herbert of St. Julians.
Their descendant, Mary, dau. ot Sir William Her- bert of St. Julians, mar. Edward, i^t Eoid Her- bert of Chciburv.
Sir Henry, 2nd Earl, the ancestor of the present Earls of Pcitibrcke and Car- narvon.
W illiam, created baron Powis 1629. Ills grandson and heir, William, was created Earl 1674, Marquis 1682, Duke 1689, but the last title was never recognized in England as J. ones 11. had men abdicated, and was in exile. William, 3rd and last Marquis of Powis, died s.p. in 174S. Hia niece Barbara Herbert mar. in 1751 Henry Arthur Herbert, who in 1743 had been created Haron Herbert of Chirbury, and after the death of the Marquis in 1748, Earl of Powis.
The Herberts of Cherbury as descended from Sir Richard Herbert of Colebrook, beheaded with his brother, the Earl of Pembroke, in 1469.
Sir Richard Herbeit of Colebrook, taken: prisoner with his brother, the Earl of Pembroke, by the Lancastrians, and beheaded 1469.
Margaret, dau. of Thomas ap Griffith ap Nicholas, and sister of Sir Rice ap Tiiomas, K.G.
I I
bir William Herbert ot Sir Richard Herbert ol = (i)
Colebrook, ancestor of Montgomery Castle, ^(2) Ann, dau. of Sir David ap
the present Herberts gent., Usher to Hen. Enion ap Llewellyn
of Muckross. VIII. Yaughan.
I
Edward Herbert, d. i593=f=Elizabeth, dau. of Matthew Price of Newtown.
Richard Herbert^Magdalen, dau. of Sir Matthew Herbert^Margaretjdau.
of Blackhall, d. 1597.
Richard Newport of High Krcall.
of Dolguog.
of Charles Fox of Bromfield.
Edward, 1st Baron^Mary, dau. Sir Henry=f(i)
Herbert, b. 1581. made K.B. 1605, created Baron Her- bert of Castle Is- land in Ireland, 1624, Baron Her bert of Cheibury 1629, d. 1643.
and heir of Herbert
Sir William Master of
Herbert of the Revels
St. Julians, d. 1673. She' died 1634.
Francis=p(i)
(2) Elizabeth Herbert dau. of Sir of Oak- Robert ley Park Offley of bur. Dalby. Bromfield April 30, ifi5 V
(2) Abigail dau. of William Garton of Sussex.
64
THE HERBERTS OF CHERBURY.
r
1 1>
Henry, crea.: Baron Herbert of Cherbury, 1 694, d. 1708.
Richard, 2nd Baron=pMary, dau. of Sir
I Ierbertof Cherbury, d. 1655, buried at Montgomery.
John Egerton, Earl >f Bridgwater.
:Anne, dau. and co-heir of John Ramsey, Alderman of City of London.
I
Henry, 2nd Baron Herbert, d.s.p., and title became extinct.
Edward, 3rd=(i) Ann, dau. Henry, ^h^Catheiine,
Baron Her- bert of Cher- bury, d.s.p. 1678, bur. in Westminster Abbey. :
of Sir Thomas Middleton of Chirk Castle. :(2)Elizabeth,
dau. of George, Lord Chandos
Baron Her- bert of Cher- bury, d s. p. 1 69 1, and the title be- came extinct .
dau. of
Francis Newport, 1st Earl of Bradford She was bur. at \\ rox eter, 17 16.
Florentia=7=R)chard Her- bert oi Dol- guog and Oakley l ark, bur. Brom- field, March 25, 1676.
Erancis, bur. Brom- tield, Mar. 14,1 718.
-Dorothy, dau. and co-heir of John Oldbury of London
Henry Arthur, bap. 1703, created Baron=j=Barbara Herbert, dau. of Lord Edward
Herbert of Chirbury 1743, Powis 1748, d. 1772.
Earl of
Herbert, and niece of William, Marquis of Powis.
last
George Edward Henry Arthur, 2nd Earl of Powis, died un- married 1801, when title be- came extinct.
Henrietta Antonia= only surviving daughter, b. 1758, d. 1830.
Edward, 2nd Baron Give, b. 1754, created Baron Herbert of Chirbury and Earl of Powis 1804. d. 1S39.
Edward, 2nd Earl of Powis, K.G. b. March 22, 1785, d. 1848.
Lucy, dau, of James, 3rd Duke of Montrose.
I
Edward James, 3rd Earl of Powis, b. Nov. 5, 1 8 18, d. unmarried 180,1.
'ercy Egerton, K.C.B.,: P.C. Lt. -General, b. 1822, d. Oct. 18, 1876.
Mary, only child of William Thomas, Earl of Kerry, son of 3rd Marquis of Lansdowne.
George Charles=f=Violet, dau. of 1 2th Baron Conyers in her own right present and 4th Earl. I Baroness D'arcy de Knayth.
65
MONTFORD BRIDGE. TOLLS, CUSTOMS, &c, A.D. 1285 IQ A.D, '1412.
By the Ri.v. C. H. DRINKWATER, M.A.
In the Ccthndiirium Rolidormn Pateniium of 1802 there is given what purports to be t'hc heading ol a Charter, which 1 tins thus : ---
Vro [ri<>ri' iwmUc'horiim dc Moitntfortc in Comitate Salop. \s mulling was known 61 ;i priory or other monastic 1 I iblishmeut anywhere in that neighbourhood, this heading became a piu/.le to antiquaries for a whole century. If an)' enthusiastic student, attracted by this heading, had taken the trouble to look up the charter, he would have received a shock on finding that it had nothing in common with monastieisijn, but was one of a series of writs relating to the maintenance of a bridge over the river Severn at Montford. I lie mistake was inexcusable, for with the exception of the words " de Mountforte/' there is nothing to justify it, and now that it is seen to be a mistake, it serves to lessen the credit hitherto placed in the Calendars of that date. In the course ol 127 years there w ere fix writs issued for the purpose ot maintaining a safe and rapid transit over Severn to the border castles and fortaliccs as well as to North Wales, then not: subject, more than formally, to the English crown. A bridge was then ;i matter of prime importance, the river was not always ford able and a ferry inconvenient. Floods were more frequent, besides being greater and of longer continu- ance than in more recent times ; and the passage over a turbulent stream involved much risk and trouble. We have no means ol know ing w hen a bridge was first placed there. The pontage of 12N5 is the earliest historical notice we have; but as it supposes the existence of a bridge, dilapidated indeed, but still a bridge, we may safely conclude that there had been one ot some sort or other from much earlier times, probably from the rotli century and the times of the Saxons.
Vol VII., 3rd Scries, 1
66 MONTFOKD BRIDGE. TOLLS, CUSTOMS, &C.
We may also conjecture the nature of it. Before the erection of a bridge of freestone on arches little more than a century ago, a previous one would have been of a mixed nature, consisting of wooden beams and transoms, resting upon piers (pilas) of stone. It \vas< possibly furnished with a drawbridge in the centre, to facilitate the passage of barges and other vessels ; but of this there is no evidence. Such erections could not have been very durable, and periodically the traffic would have been impeded, if not altogether stopped, when the bridge was structurally injured. That such injury was likely, is to be seen in the first document here given fully and translated. Provision is there made in case of damage done by floats of timber striking against the piers, which damage was to be viewed and assessed by the verdict of true and lawful men, and reasonable compensation enforced by the Sheriff.
The titles or headings of these six Charters or writs in the Cal. Rot. Pat. of 1802 are as follows (for convenience the dates are added).
(A) A.D. 1285. — 12 Edw. I. Pontagium pro Monforde.
(B) ,, 1318. — 12 Edw. II. Pontagium pro ponte de
M on ford in Comitatu Salop'.
(C) ,, 1328. — 2 Edw. III. Pontagium pro villa de Mon-
forde.
(D) ,, 1374. — 48 Edw. III. Pontagium pro ponte vocato
Monford bridge in Comitatu Salop'.
(E) ,, 1381. — 5 Rich. II. Pontagium pro ponte de
Monford bridge in Comitatu Salop' ad requisi'cocm Ricardi Comitis Arundell.
(F) ,, 1412. — 14 Hen. IV. Pro Prtore monachorum de
Mountefort in Comitatu Salop'.
Of these only the first and last are now given entire, the former for a reason which will appear in a note in the glossary, and the additions or omissions of the others only recorded for comparison. A wider range of commodities, to be subjected to custom, in each successive charter, seems to show that the result had generally proved inadequate to the repairs of the bridge.
The new Calendar of Patent Polls published 1893, has the following abstract of A : — -
MONTFOKD BRIDGE. TOLLS, CUSTOMS, &C.
67
12 Edw. I. Feb. 27. Burton on Trent. Grant to John Hagerwas, the Sheriff, an J the good men of the County of Salop in aid of the bridge of Moneford, of pontage for five years, from the feast of St. Gregory, 12 IJdw. I., with power of fining, by view of lawful men, rafts of firewood or timber damaging the bridge and a special custom on every Jew or Jewess, crossing the bridge, on horseback id., on foot |d. John Hagerwas to be the collector thereof and to account twice yearly to the Sheriff.
(A) Dc auxilio concesso ad reparac'oem pontis de Moneford.
Rex &c, Vicccorniti Salop' John Hagerwas et probis hominibus Comitatus Salop' Salutem. Sciatis quod conces- sinius vobis in auxilium pontis vestri de Moneford et ad utilitatcm partium adiacentium consuetudinem quandam subset iptam a festo Sancti Gregorij anno regni nostri duo- decimo usque ad finem quinqueannorum proximorum sequen- cium completorum apud pontem predictum capiendam tarn de infra libertates quascumque quam extra videlicet — de qualibet carecta careata maeremia borda uel busca venali vnum obolum.
de (juolibet quarterio bladi venaii ibidem transeunte vnum quadrantem.
de quolibet dolio vini venali ibidem transeunte quatuor denarios.
de quolibet quarterio salis venali vnum quadrantem. de quolibet carecta ferente piscem venalem duos denarios. de quolibet equo uel equa boue vel vacca venali vnum quad- rantem.
de quolibet sum m agio equi coriorum equorum uel equarum
bourn uel vaccarura venali vnum obolum. de quolibet carecta vel rotis venalibus ibidem venientibus
vnum quadrantem. de decern velleribus venalibus ibidem transeuntibus vnum
quadrantem.
de viginti ovibus uel porcis venalibus ibidem transeuntibus
vnum denarum. dc quolibet summa allei uel cepartim venali vnum obolum. de quolibet sacco lane venali ibidem transeunte quatuor
denarios.
68 MONTI-OKI) BRIDGE. TOLLS, CUSTOMS, &G.
de quolibet dolio niellis venali ibidem transeunte quatuor deiiarios.
de quolibet careota.ta plumbi vol ferri venali ibidem transe- iinte vnum obolurn.
de (juolibet frpsseilo pannoruih ibidem transeunte vnum obolum.
de quolibet cenlena vlnarum panni linei uel caneuacij venali vnum obolum.
de quolibet ilota busce uel maeremij super pilas pontis pre- dicti violenter deseendente ad dampnum pontis ration- abiles emende per visum proborum et legalium hominum capiantur.
Concessimus eciam vobis in auxilium predictum de quolibet Judeo uel Judea cquite pontem predietum transeunte vnum denariuui et de quolibet Judeo uel Judea pedite transeunte vnum obolum. Et ad con suet udinum prc- dictam in forma predieta coiligendam et eustodiendam assignauimus vos prefatum Johannem et eeteros quod de receptione pecunie prouenicntis de consuetudine predieta prefato vicecorniti bis per annum fideliter respondeatis. Kt per testimonium vestrum liberetur et ponatur pecunia ilia ad opcrac'oes pontis predicti faciendas. Completo uero termino predictorum quinque annorum consuetudo predieta pen it us cesset et deleatur. In cujus rei &c. Teste Rcge apud Birton super Trentam xxvij0 die l;cbruarij.
[Translation.] Concerning aid fur the repair of Moneford bridge. The King &c, to the Sheriff of Salop (Roger Sprenghose), John Hagerwas and other good and true men of the County of Salop — Greeting. Know ye that we have granted to you in aid of your bridge and for the con- venience of parts adjacent thereunto the underwritten custom to be taken at the said bridge from the feast of St. Gregory in the 1 2th year oJ our reign to the end of a lenn ol live complete years next ensuing as well from within the liberties whatsoever as from without-- that is to say
Of each and ever)' cart carrying timber, boards, or firewood lor s.dr one halfpenny ;
MONTFORD LRIDGE. TOLLS, CUSTOM?, &C. 69
Of every quarter of corn for sale crossing' there one farthing; Of every tun of wine for sale crossing there four pence ; Of every quarter of salt for sale crossing' there one farthing ; Of every cart carrying fish for sale crossing there two pence; Of every horse or mare, ox or cow, for sale crossing there one halfpenny ;
Of every cart or pair of w heels for sale crossing there one farthing ;
Of every ten ileeces for sale crossing there one farthing ; Of every score of sheep or pigs for sale, one penny ; Of every horseload of. garlic or onions for sale one halfpenny; Of ever)' sack oi wool lor sale four pence ; ( )f every cask of honey tor sale four pence ; Of evefy horseload of lead or iron lor sale one halfpenny ; ( )f every truss (or pack) of cloths for sale one halfpenny ; < )f every hundred ells of linen or canvas one halfpenny ; Of every iloat {or raft) of firewood passing beneath, one penny ;
Of every lloat (or raft) of firewood or timber descending with rorce against the piers of the said bridge to the injury of the same reasonable compensation shall be exacted on the view of true and lawful men ; We, further, grant to you, in aid as aforesaid, liberty to take of every Jew or Jewess crossing on horseback the said bridge one penny, and of every Jew or Jewess crossing on foot one halfpenny : And for the collection and safe custody of the customs aforesaid, in due form as afore- said, we have conceded that you (the said John and others) shall render an account twice a year to the afore- said Sheriff of all monies arising from the custom afore- said and by your oath shall be quit and the amount shall be used for the repairs of the said bridge. At the end of the live years' term the: custom aforesaid shall altogether cease and be abolished. In witness whereof &c» ddie King himself at Burton on Trent the 2j{\\ day of February ( 1 285). The second writ (T>) was issued on the 9th Aug., 1 3 18. It was addressed to the Kail o( Arundel, the purpose being the repair and upkecping (sustenta- lio) of (he bi idg< . About 5<) connm >djt les are added
7o
MONTFORD BRIDGE. TOLLS, CUSTOMS, &C.
to the list in A, among which are many articles of luxury, expensive stuffs and furs, together with others, which go far to prove that the merchants of that period ranged far and wide, for not merely European goods are mentioned, but some whose origin was Asiatic. It was drawn up at Leek, the King (Edw. II.) himself attesting, and was to be available for 3 years.
The 3rd (C) was issued on the 1st March, 1328, at the request of Roger de Mortuomari, and was directed to the bailiffs and good men of the vill of Moneford in aid of the repairs and improvement (cmendatio) of the bridge, and to last for 5 years. Fifteen commodities (or varieties thereof) are added to the previous lists, and about the same number omitted, being such as were of local production. This writ was granted at York. The King (Edw. III.) attested with his private signet.
The 4th (I)) was issued 26th Nov., 1374, and was directed to Roger del I3rugge, John Passelowe, Richard Nevyll and John Webbe, on the request of Richard d'Arundell, Chivaler, in aid of the bridge called Monfordbrugge then reported to be dilapidated and broken down, as it well might be in the 40 years that had elapsed. One or two commodities are added to the previous lists and 25 omitted, and so the impost which must have been very oppressive, was considerably relaxed. It was dated at Westminster, The King (Edw, III.) himself attesting, and was to run for 3 years.
The 5th (E) was issued Nov. 6th, 138 1, and was directed to Reginald de Ellesmcre, John Passelowe of Monford, John Wilcokcs of Shrawardine, Richard de Neville of Eoxdon (? For ton), John fitz Hugh of Ednesdon and John de Felton at the request of Richard Earl of Arundel, in aid of the bridge reported as being dilapidated and broken. This is shorter than the preceding, and was to be valid for 3 years complete. No fresh cornmodties are mentioned, and the ommissions are much the same as in D. The King (Rich. II.) attested it at Westminster in the 5th year of his reign.
The uth (F) of October nth, 1 4 t 2, is directed to John Wele and Richard Vong, clerk. It speaks of the bridge as so damaged as to be dangerous to persons passing over it.
MOiSTFORD BRIDGE.
TOLLS, CUSTOMS, &C.
71
In order to obviate any further risk immediate repairs are
sanctioned. Mention is made of traffic passing beneath it.
Eleven new commodities are added and a large number
omitted. It was to be valid for 5 years, and is dated
at Westminster in the 13th year of Hen. IV.
This, the last of the series, is subjoined both in the
original and in an English form.
This pontage, E of the series, of October nth, 14 12, is
referred to in the Calendar of Patent Rolls thus — Patent' de
anno 140 Regis Henrici Quarti.
28 Pro Priore Monachorum de Mounteforte in Comitatu
Salop'. A gross error already referred to in the introduction
for the original document has instead of the second, third, and
fourth words /YtfAj/f/tri' wand then de Mounteforte follows: —
Rex dilectis sibi Johanni Wele et Ricardo Yong clerico Salutem. Sciates quod cum pons de Mountforte in Comitatu Salop' per quern habetur communis transitus partium adiacentium dirutus sit et confractus ad maxi- mum periclum transeuntium per eundem Nos volentes pro periclis que per defectum reparac'ois pontis illius possent euenire euitindis remedium apponere oppor- tunum ac de fidelitate et circumspecc'one vestris plenius contidentes concessimus in auxilium reparac'ois pontis illius quod a die confecc'ois presentium usque ad finem quinque annorum proximorum sequentium plenarie completorum capiatis per vos seu deputatos vestros pro quibus respondere voluistis de rebus venalibus ultra pontem predictum vel subtus eundem transeuntibus con- suetudines subscriptas videlicet —
de quolibet dolio vini vendito unum denarium ;
de qualibet pipa vini vendita unum obolum ;
de quolibet rundiletto vini vendito unum quadrantem ;
de quolibet dolio cervisie vendito unum obolum ;
de qualibet pipa cervisie vendita unum quadrantem ;
de quolibet quarterio frunienti vendito unum denarium ;
de quolibet quarterio brasij vendito unum obolum ;
de quolibet summagio omnium aliorum bladorum vendito cujuscumquc generis fueitnt unum obolum ;
de quolibet bone bouiculo vacca equq jumento vendito unum obolum ;
72
MONTFORD BRIDGE. TOLLS, CUSTOMS, &C.
de quolibet corio equi bouis et vacce frisco salito aut tannato
vendito unum quadrantem ; dc quolibet pprco oue et vitulo vendito unum quadrantem ; de qualibet carectata bosce maereniij bordij lattorum tegu-
larum et feni vendita unum ot>olum ; de quolibet trusello vel bala mercimonij valoris viginti solid-
orum vel amplius vendito unum denarium ; de quolibet summagio panni lanei linei sen caneuasij vendito
unum obolum ;
de quolibet summagio piscis marini vendito unum obolum ;
de quolibet summagio feni fabricati unum obolum;
dc quolibet summagio carbonum maritimorum et de charcoll vendito unum quadrantem ;
de quolibet summagio allei et ceparum unum quadrantem;
tie qualibet peisa vntcte qe] i butiri et casei vendita unum quadrantem ;
de quolibet dolio mellis vendito unum denarium*;
de quolibet dolio olei vendito unum denarium;
de qualibet barello ahecis vendito unum obolum ;
de qualibet cada ailecis rubri unum quadrantem ;
de quolibet summagio salis vendito unum quadrantem ;
et de qualibet alia re vendita hie non specilicata per pontem predictum transeunte valoris viginti solidorum unum obolum et decern solidorum unum quadrantem ;
Et ideo vobis mandamus quod consuutudines predietas usque ad finem termini predict i per vos vel deputatos vestros predictps, ut predictum est, capiatis, et denarios hide proveniences circa r;eparac'pcm et emendac'oem pontis predicti notvi faperetis Complete* autem termiiio predicto dicte consuetudines peqitus cessent et deleantur. In cuius rei testimonium hijs Uteris patentibus sigillum nostrum afiecimus pur quinquennium, du rat mis
Teste liege apud W'estmonasterium xj. die Octobris.
Translation. For the Pontage ol Mounteiorte. The King to his wellbelovcd John Wele and Richard Yong clerk greeting. He it known to you that, whereas the bridge ol' Mounteiorte, by which the common transit of the pai ls adjacent thereto is effected, is undermined
MONTFORD BRIDGE. TOLLS, CUSTOMS, &C. 73
and broken down, to the very great danger of travellers thereby. We willing to provide a suitable remedy for avoiding the perils, which through the defect of repairs of that biidge may possibly result, and being fully convinced of your fidelity an J prudence, have granted, in aid of the repairs of the said bridge, that from the day of the execution of these presents up to the end of live years next ensuing fully completed, that you may take by yourselves or by your deputies for whom you shall be willing to be responsible the under- mentioned tolls on saleable articles passing across or beneath the aforesaid bridge, namely —
For every tun of wine for sale one penny ;
For ever)- pipe of wine for sale one halfpenny ;
For every roundlet of wine for sale one farthing;
For every tun of ale for sale one halfpenny;
For every pipe of ale for sale one farthing;
For eveiy quartern of wheat for sale one penny ;
For every quartern of barley for sale one halfpenny ;
For every horseload of other grain one halfpenny ;
For every bull, bullock, cow, horse, or pony for sale one halfpenny ;
For every hide of ox and cow fresh, salted, or tanned for sale
one farthing ; For every pig, sheep and calf for sale one farthing ; For every wainload of firewool, timber, boards, laths, tiles,
and hay one halfpenny ; For every bundle or bale of merchandise of the value of
20 shillings or upwards for sale one penny; For every horseload of woollen cloth, linen cloth, or canvas
for sale one halfpenny ; For every horseload of sea fish for sale one halfpenny; For every horseload of wrought iron one halfpenny; For every horseload of sea coals and ol charcoal (or sale one
farthing ;
For every horseload of garlic, and onions one farthing; For every weigh of tallow, lard, butter, and cheese one farthing ;
For every cask of honey for sale one penny ; For every cask ol oil (or sale one penny; Vol. VU., 3rd Scries. K
74
MONTFORI) BRIDGE. TOLLS, CUSTOMS, &C.
For everv barrel of herrings for sale one halfpenny; For every cade of red herrings for sale one farthing ; For every horseload of salt for sale one farthing; And for every other thing not here specified, passing over the bridge of the value of 20 shillings one halfpenny, and of 10 shillings one farthing; * And accordingly we command yon to collect the aforesaid customs np to the end of the term aforesaid by your- selves or your deputies aforesaid as is aforesaid, and that you cause the monies1 arising thence to be applied towards the repair and improvement ol the said bridge. But on the completion ol tin: aforesaid term the said customs shail altogether cease and be abolished. In witness w hereof we have, to these patent letters to run for five years, affixed our seal. Witness the King himself at Westminster the nth day of October. The commodities not mentioned in the other five documents are — allccis vubvi, red herring, boviculus, bullock, brasshmi, malt, carbones nuiritimi, sea coals, chatcoll, charcoal, Jerri jabricati, wrought iron, jrumcntum, wheat, jumentum, pony or packhorse, lattorum, laths, tcgularum, tiles or roofing slabs, vitulus, calf.
Other words, not commodities for sale, are barillus, barrel, cada, a measure of 500 herrings, pipa, pipe, rundilcttus a roundlet. Venditus is used instead of veualis, with the same sense of saleable, or for sale.
As the interest arising from these charters centres mainly around the commodities and the tolls charged on them, it seems necessary to add a list. The capital letters A, B, C. D E, and F, attached to them, represent in order the successive writs of 1285, 13-18, 1328, JJ74, 1381, and 1412.
GLOSSARY.
Ar.LKDKN (C) S.alt cod dried, and cured at Aberdeen {Archwo- logia, xv., p. 35,;). This rare word occurs in Bishop Swinfield's Roll of Feb. 4, 1289, thus: "In iiij Aberdeen xvjd." The: toll was id, per 100.
1 The average ol such tolls according to Kyton (Vol. x. 126) would be some- thing less than (20.
M0KTF0R1) BRIDGE. TOLLS, CUSTOMS, &C.
75
Acier (C) Steel. In ioth century the word was acierum, derived from acics, a sword-edge (Brachet). Here we have gaddorum acicris, another form is garbarum acicris, connate to lamina chalibina, which is equivalent to gads of steel, as in the Yocahularies. The bundle of steel rods (for making nails, arrow heads, spear points and such like was of triginba pccijs. Toll Id. per 100.
Afforciatus (B, C) of strong quality, as thick cloth. Yet Ducange says Ajjorcialiis (panuus) a thin cloth used for caps. Surely a printer's or other error for thick. The expression here is chicjis dc cendallo ajjorciato. Wimples or head coverings of thick rich silken stum Toll ?,d. or id.
Alei (C) an (error for old as in E), oil. The tun or cask
{dolium) paid jd. Allec (B, C, D, E, ¥) Herring, per 1,000 Jd, but red herring
(harang sore, "allec ruber, where sore," hodie saur~
dried, brownish red), by the cade one thousand paid \d. Alleum (A, B, C, D, E, F) Garlic, in D, E, it is sliauis allei,
sheaves or traces of garlic (trace from W. tras, a chain).
The toil per horseload of the former was Jdi; ten sheaves
of the latter paid \d. Alum (B, C, 1), E) Alum. The hundred weight, caitcna,
paid id.
Akgaill (C, I), E) Potters' clay*. (L. argil lum, F. argile). Toll per cwt. jd.
Averium DE pondere (B, C, 1), E) Avoirdupois. By a Statute of Edw. HI., 1335, certain specified merchan- dises were to be weighed by a system based on 16 oz. to the lb. Previously a custom had prevailed of allowing 4 oz. additional to cover wastage, deterioration, and shortage. The specified wares now are " all kinds of grocery, drugs, butter, cheese, llesh, wax, pitch, tar, tallow, wool, hemj), ilax, iron, steel, lead, and all other commodities, which bear the name of garble, and whereof issueth a refuse or waste. And this hath to the lb. sixteen oz., and twelve pounds over are allowed to every hundred." Each hundred weight of such wares paid jd.
yb MONTFORI) BRIDGE. TOLLS, CUSTOMS, &C.
Bacones (B, C) Bacon hogs. This word baco used to be put for the living animal as well as his salted carcase. Five paid |d.
Bala (B, F) Bale, pack, bundle, or package of merchandise, usually of spicery, here of foreign leather ; in F. it lakes the place of: ttmdlus* The toll was 2d. each.
Baudekyn (B, C) Baudekin, Baldicum, Baldekinum, Cloth of gold, Event paiimis aiivo regidus plumatoque ope re inter- textus. Yet some authors say, Cloth of silk only. In more recent times brocade formerly brought from Babylon, Baldacus, whence the name. Each piece j.d.
Barellus (F). In Swinfield's Roll Barillas and Barillum, a measure of wine, beer, oil, &c, containing the eighth part of a tun, dolium, the fourth of a pipe, or the moiety of a hogshead, i.e., 30 galls. Here, however, a measure of a thousand herrings, which paid Id.
Bazan (B,) Sheep leather, now chielly used for bookbinding, called in Mod. F. bazane, inferior to Covdcwan, which was Corduba leather, made from goat skins, for which bazan was often substituted. Toll 2d. a bale.
Bissarum (B, C, D, E) Female deer, doe hind. F. biche, a doe. The fur bissus was much esteemed. Bishop Swinfield's Surtout (supertunica) was " de bisso," and trimmed with minever, (the fur of the small weasel or squirrel, white with black spots). Toll id. for 100 skins.
Bladi (A, B, C, D, E, F) Wheat, corn, grain, bladuni, M.F. ble. There are variations both in the quantity taxed and in the tax. In A. the quarter (8 bushels) pays \d. ; in B, C, D, E, the team or horseload eight (or 4) strikes, or 100 lbs. weight, pays JAd. ; in F. the word is frumentum wheat, and the quartern (4 bushels) pays id.
Borda (A) bordi, (B, C, D, E) horde and bordij. Bord in
A. S. a board ; N F. bordez boards, planks for building, or carpentery. A cart laden with boards A paid Jd., and
B, C, 1), E a 100 boards paid Jd.
Bosci, Bosce (A, B, C, I), E, F) Brushwood, firewood. F
bois is a grove or coppice. Cartload Id. Bove (A, B, C, F) Ox (or bull). Each animal was taxed Jd.
The load of hides Jd.
MONTFORD BRIDGE. TOLLS, CUSTOMS, &C.
ll
Boviculo (F) Bullock, stot, bugle, each paid Jd.
Brasij (F) Malt, the quarter (8 bushels) paid Jd. ; bracicinclubm
stands for brewing. Butiki (B, C, D, E) Butter, L. butyvi. The peisa or vvey
(256 lbs.?) paid in B h\., in C, D, F \d. Cada (F) a reckoning for herrings. A Cade, usually 500
(L. Cadus, a barrel or cask + Gk. kuSos, toll Jd. Calcis (B) Lime. The custom on one cart load (? daily) for
a week was id.
Caldakio (ad braciandum) (B) Caldron (for brewing). Toll id.
Canabi (C) Hemp. De decern petris canabi venalibm imam qiiadr -antcm , for ten stone of hemp for sale one farthing. A stone, pctra, usually 14 lbs., but for some commodities less.
Canevacij (A, B, C, D, F, F) Canvas, hempen cloth, L. cancbacium. The horseload paid id.
Caprarum cS: Capris (B, C, D, F) Kids, goats. Kids were eaten in spring and summer. Goats were very numerous in those days, not only in Wales but in the marches. 100 skins id., ten live goats id.
Capriolorum (B, C, D, F) Roedeer, now only found in Scotland, but common enough in middle ages. 100 skins Jd.
Carbon UNi (B, C, D, F, F) Coals, prob. Charcoal, in F. the word is ckarcoU, the horseload paid Jd., and carbonum maritimovum, sea coal, is also charged toll, Jd. for the horseload.
Carecta Caretta (A, B, C and passim) a cart or its load.
Carcctata, Caret tat a, a cartload or wainload. Carnes (B, C) Meat, either salted, salitas or fresh, friscas.
The cartload rid. Casei (B, C, I), F, F) Cheese. The peisa or wey of cheese
(256 lbs paid Jd. Catorum (B, C, 1), F) Cats (skins of wild) the hundred paid
Id. N.B. — It was reckoned a very inferior fur. Cendallo (B, C) A fine silk stuff, otherwise mulatto, Cyprus
silk. Tela subserica vcl patinas Sericas ( Du Canine), c/iicfis
de ccitdallo, wimples of Scnulal or head dresses (chef.
head) each paid Ad.
78 MONTFORD BRIDGE. TOLLS, CUSTOMS, &C.
Ceparum (A, B, C, F) and scpavum (B) Onions. 2000 paid Jd.
Cefi (B, C, 1), E, F) sepi, sebi, Tallow, suet. Candles were
made of it. The peisa or wey paid \d. Cekvisif (B, C, F) /Vie or (one way) beer. W. bWrw-; E.
ccrvoisc. Pieny sa)'s cervisia rs a word of Gaulish origin,
12 lageme of beer measure formed a sextary. Idle ca-k,
dulium, paid 2d. Cervorum (B, C, D, E) Stags or red deer. The skins paid
id. by the hundred. Chakcoll (E) charcoal. In the other documents we have
Carbonum. Ill is of 14 12 is an earl)- use of the word
charcoll. The horseload paid \d. Ciiiefis (B.C.) Head coverings (wimples or hoods). N.F.
chief (now chef), the head ; chiefs is a very rare word in
this sense (see Cendallo and A fforciato above). Each
chief paid .Id.
Cind ularum (B) Shingles, wooden or storie roofing slabs, otherwise scindularum, from L. scindere, to cleave. Per r,ooo j.d.
Onekum(1>, G, D) Potashes, soda, or barilla. The horse- load jd.
Clavokum (B, C) Nails — ad equos, horseshoe nails, the 2,000 :i,d; ad cdrectm, for carts, paid Id; ad cmnulum (?) domus, for covering (?) a house, Ad. per 1,000.
Gi.luoki'M (11, C) Clouts, iron plates for large wheels and cart axles, plates for cumbrous wheels instead of tires, fastened to the felloes by clout nails. The hundred paid §&.
Cope rose (B, C, 1), E) Copperas, sulphate of iron, or green
vitriol, used for dyeing, and making ink. The hundred
weight paid Ld. Cokdfwan (B) Spanish leather from Corduba, made from
goat skins. 'Idle bale 2d. Corioru kj (A, B, C, 1), E, F). Skins or leather, of both
domestic and wild animals. The horseload paid \d. Gumulum (B) a doubtful word, descriptive of nails (possibly
covering, or tool nails lor the purpose), jd. per 2,000. Ouniculokiim (1>, C, 1), E). Conies or rabbits. The fur
used for lacing. 100 skins paid Jd.
MONTFORD BRIDGE. TOLLS, CUSTOMS, &C.
79
Cupri (B, C, D. Ej Copper. The hundred (weight) paid 2d.
Damokum and Damarlm (B, C, D, E;. Red fallow deer, i co skins paid jd.
Diaspre (B, O) Diaper, figured linen cloth (diversified with ilourishings like as in the precious stone called jasper). Every piece of cloth paid jd.
Dolium (A, B, C, 1), E, F). A cask for wine, ale, potashes, oil, and hone)', of no fixed measurement, but " clolium vini quinqua^iuta duo, sext aria vini pur i debet contincve, et quodlibet sextarium qitqtutir jalones ant sex putellus." A tun of wine ought to contain 52 sextarics qj pure wine, and every sextary 4 gallons or b bottles. The custom varied with the contents. Wine paid 4c!. per tun ; ale, 2d. ; Potash, j d., and Honey, 4d.
Eris (B, C, 1), Ef) Brass, usually Airis. Per 100 weight Id.
Fag OTTO RUM (C, D, E). Faggots made of the smaller branches or underwood (called bavins in Kent) used in lighting and maintaining fires. The thousand paid jd.
Fen 1 (F) May. The wainload paid U\.
Ferui (A, B, G, D) Iron, extensively used in building, c\:c. Toll .Jd. per horseload. I'en i fabricati, wrought iron.
Flota. A raft for firewood and heavy timber, which some- times damaged the piers of the bridge.
Frumenti (F) Wheat. In A, B, C, 1), E, Bladi is used. It paid for each quarter, 8 bushels, jd.
Frisco (B., C, F) Fresh, as opposed to salted or dried.
Gaddorum (C) Rods or pins of steel (or iron) for making nails, ccc. (see Acier above). A single gad of steel for making a spearhead weighed 2 or 3 oz. In the Saxon Vocabulary, gads of steel are lamina chalibina. Every 100 paid ^d.
Galwich, Gale with (& Galeworth) (C, D, E) Welsh frieze or flannel, a very rare word only found in these or similar lists. Perhaps it should be Gallcworst i.e., Welsh worsted. 100 yards ells paid ',d.
Judeus, JUDEA (A) Jew, Jewess. Tin., w as the period of our national history when the Jews were cruelly persecuted, and we may not be surprised at a special toll being laid upon them for using the bridge (riding id., on foot h(\.) They and their possessions had
8o
MONTFORD BRIDGE. TOLLS, CUSTOMS, &C.
always been at the disposal of the sovereign. Hen. III. at first favoured them, but afterwards on Feb. 24th, 1255, he sold the whole of them to Earl Richard, his brother, for 5,000 marks for a certain term of years that quos Rex cxcoriaverat Comes cviscevavet. To dis- tinguish them they were compelled to wear a badge of yellow taffeta on their upper garments, 6 thumbs long and 3 broad, and they were heavily fined if found out of doors without it. The statute de Judaismo was passed by Parliament 3 Edw. I., 1275, by which the King had a fifteenth granted to him pro expulsione Judceovvm. They were accordingly all seized on the same day and hour, Nov. 18th, 1278, and thrown into prison on the charge of clipping and counterfeiting the coin of the realm. Many of them were hanged with their Christian accomplices in the year following, and finally in 1290 a proclamation was made that they should be deported on a certain day (24 Aug.), and so, with wives and children, 16,511 in all, they quitted the kingdom. As no notice 6i them is found in the other live pontages we may conclude that all had left the provinces, a few, however, were suffered to remain in London and York, but even these were expelled in 1358. This is the usual account, but as the date of A is 1285, we may suppose that some had remained in concealment. Jumknto (1?) Beast of burden, pony, draught or packhorse.
Tax on each kb if for sale. Lachls (B) Latches is the most probable rendering. "White linen webs" does not suit the jd. per 1,000 toll. The Middle English lacche a latch, from lacchen to seize, lay hold of, Lack is also a garment, cioke, mantle, or shirt.
Lampkkda (1>, C) lampron, lamprey, or sucking eel. LampeiYay a sucker of rocks, a fish much esteemed. In 13 13, a ship laden with lampreys and other supplies, bound for Perth was attacked by Stralsund pi rates, who slew some of the crew and carried off the cargo to Aberdeen, where they sold it. This proves the estimation in which these fish were holden, and the
MONTFORD BRIDGE. TOLLS, CUSTOMS, &C. 8 1
taxing of them in Lent, ante Pascha implies that at
other times there was no special impost. Lattorum (F) Laths, laitis qucrciiiis ct fa^inis made of oak
or ash. The cartload paid Id. Makrkmij (A, F) limber, a generic word, F. meresme,
L. materiamen. Rafts of heavy timber were liable
to damage the bridge (see Flota). Cartloads of timber
paid ^d.
Mercimonij (C. D, E, F) General merchandise nut other- wise specified or included under the avcvio de pondcrc clause (B, C, 1), E) but still above the value of 20 shillings. The bale or trussel paid Jd.
Mellis (A, B, C, D, E, F) Honey, the provision of which was most important, for it was the only sweetening. It was carried in tuns (dolijs) carts (carectis) and in jars. Toll various from jd. up to iv.d., according to quantity. The horseload paid iijd For an instance of a horse laden with xxv. logons of hone)' in a leathern sack see 3rd Series, Vol. V., 172.
Mola (B, C, D; E) A millstone. The word also signified a handmill or quern, and paid Jd.
Olei (C, F) Oil, probably olive oil. Aid in C should be old and not alhi\ garlic. The dolium paid Id.
Pannokum (A, 1>, C, 1), E, not in F) ('loth. Pannus a generic name, several kinds mentioned. A trussel (in ( A, B) paid Jd. ; a trussel in a cart (C) paid ijd. Panno integrb (in B, D) may mean an uncut roll. Pmini hibcniici, Irish cloth or frieze, was j.d. per 100 (? yards or weight). Panni land or Unci, woollen or linen cloth.
Pascha (B, C) Easter, only in the phrase lamprcda ante Pascha, i.e., in Lent, at other times probably reckoned as fish.
Peisa, pisa (B, C, D, E) Weigh or wey of wool, cheese, &c. L. waga' In the case of wool the wey consisted of 26 cloves, a clove about 10 lbs. A weigh of barky or malt, 6 quarters. The wey of cheese paid Id.
Petris (C) Stones, applied only to hemp ; a stone of wool, 14 lbs.; of lead, 12 lbs.; of wax, 8 lbs.; and of beef the same'. It dotis not appear how much of hemp, but each stone paid \d.
Vol. VII., 3rd. ^cries. L
82 MONTFORD BRIDGE. TOLLS, CUSTOMS, &C.
Pilas (A) Piers, or piles, the main supports of the bridge, but whether of wood or stone in the 13th century does not appear, probably of the latter. Leland (died 1552) speaks of "a fayre stone bridge1' there "of late renewed." Pila with the first vowel long [U.K. pile; A.S. pU; L.pila, a pillar] is a pier of stone. 'The probability is, that it was a bridge resting on two or more piers in the bed of the river, with beams and transoms of wood. Such at least it was in Roger Kynaston's time (early 1 6th century) when the Sheriff took up several planks of the bridge when he wanted to apprehend him.
Pipa (F) Pipe, a measure of wine or beer, a moiety of the dolium or tun, and so about 126 gallons. "The measures of this period have baffled some acute antiquaries," says the Rev. John Webb, M.A., F.S.A., M.R.S.L. The toll was less than that of the tun, viz. id. instead of id.
Piscem (A, P>) Fish. The traffic in fish must have been great. Fresh, salted, and dried fish are tolled. The toll was 2d. per cart- The wain load of piscis marini (B, C, D, E, F) paid 2d. (in B); the horseload paid Id. (in C) ; in D, E, the cartload paid Jd., while in F, the horseload paid |d.
Plumbi (A, B, C, D, E). Lead ore which was got in various places in Shropshire and Wales, at least from Roman times, if not earlier, and paid id. the cartload in A ; 2d. in B, C ; id. in D, E, but plumbo ? ad braciandum, whatever that was, paid id., quantity not given.
Porcis (A, B, C) Pigs, distinguished from baconibus. 50 paid id. in A, C ; 6 paid id. in B ; in E one paid Jd. In B, another item reads " dc decern parvis venali- bm vniuu obolum" which following the item dc quinque baconibus, must mean sucking pigs, and of these 10 paid |tl.
Rons (A) Wheels, which are listed with carecta, a cart, paid per pair jd.
Rundiij: 1 1 « ) (F) A rotindlet, rundlct, or keg, from 6 to iS
gallons. It paid §ll. Sacco (A, B, C) Sack. Sacco lane in each entry. The sack
MONTFORD BRIDGE. TOLLS, CUSTOMS, &C. 83
of wool contained 26 stone of 1 \ lbs., i.e., 364 lbs., and paid 4d.
Salis (A, 13, C, D, E, F (Salt. The quarter (? 8 bushels) (A, C, D, E) paid ;]d. The seam (B, F) paid Jd. per week.
Salmone (B, C) Salmon. Fresh paid -each Jd, either fresh
or salted (C) paid Jd. Samito (B, C) Silk, very fine and good taffeta or satin.
Samite is from Low L. examitum ; Gk. e£afiiTov, six
threaded. Each piece paid id. Shrico (B, C) Properly Chinese silk. Sericum (Gk. 2f/pes.
Chinese cloth of silk interwoven with gold, cum auro. It
then paid id. the piece ; without gold, sine auro, Jd. Squirellorum (B, C, D, E) Squirrels, the fur of the belly
used for facings. 100 skins paid Jd. Stagni, Stanni (B, C, D, E) Tin. The hundred (weight)
paid 2d.
Stokeeissch (C) Stockfish. Fish dried in the air without salt- In 17 Edw. I. 24 cost 2/6. By the cvvt. they paid Jd.
Sum ma (A) Summagio (B et passim), a team or horseload.
Toll according to commodity carried. Tanni (B. C, I), E) Oak bark (or tan). Cartload for a week
\d., otherwise the cartload id. Tegularum (F) Tiles or stone slabs for roofing. The
cartload Jd.
Tele (B, C, D, E) Unci tele, linen web. The hundred weight paid id.
Turfarum (C) turves. 10,000 Jd.
Uncti (B, C, I), E, F) Lard or grease. The wey of it paid id.
Venali cS: Vendito passim the former in A, B, C, D, E, the
latter only in F, saleable. Vertegrice (C, D, E, F) Verdegris, a:s vivide. The centena^
hundred weight paid Jd. Vinum (A, B, C, D, E, F) Wine. In A the tun paid 4d. ; in
B 2d., in C ijd., in I), E id., in F the tun paid id., the
pipe Id., the rundilet \d. Waide (B, C, J), E) Woad, a plant used lor dyeing blue
(Reseda luteola). The quarter paid 2d,
«4
MONTFORD BRIDGE. TOLLS, CUSTOMS, &C.
Worstede (C, D, E) Worsted, originally a name signifying twisted yarn, taken from the town of Worsted in Norfolk, mentioned in Chaucer (C.T. 264) and in Calcndarum Rotulorum Patentmm (1328 — 1378) as a Norfolk commodity. The cwt. in C, and E paid id. ; and in D Jd.
We are indebted to the unvarying kindness of Mr. John Beacall for unearthing and copying the six documents which throw so much light upon our medieval history.
85
WIGLEY. By HENRY T. WEYMAN, F.S.A.
There are many interesting old houses in the vicinity of Ludlow, whose history reaches hack into the dim and distant past, and which, if they could hut speak could indeed tell us strange stories of the days of old. Not the least attractive of these old residences are the two neighbouring Manor houses of Wigley and Dodmore. Though the former has less external beauty, it possibly exceeds its rival in historic interest, carrying us back to old time when, nearly seven hundred years ago, it was the proud service of its holder, under Dame Margery de Lacy (the representative ot the great family which gave its name to the parish of Stanton Lacy, in which Wigley was comprised), to guard the keep of Ludlow Castle for fifteen days during war time, It is associated also with Ludlow Church, to a Chantry of which it belonged over 400 years ago, and to which it was granted by one of the first members of Parliament and Recorders of the Borough of Ludlow, so that Wigley is intimately linked up with the history of Ludlow. In feudal times we have only occasional glimpses of its history, but from the time of Piers Beaupie, who died in i486, we are able to trace its ownership down to the present day.
Wigley (the name probably signifies the ley or pasture of Wigga) was a member of the old Domesday Manor of Stanton, which in Saxon times belonged to Siward — the rich man of Shropshire — and was granted by the Norman Conqueror to Walter de Lacy, or his son Roger de Lacy, the builder of Ludlow Castle, to the latter of whom it belonged at the time of Domesday.
The first detailed mention of Wigley is in the 14th year of King Henry, son of King John (Henry III., I22<)) when under a writ of Mort d'ancestre Ralph de Clun remitted and quitted claim to Thomas of Wigley and Margery his wife, tenants of half a virgate of land (probably 30 acres) in Stanton Lacy, all his interest in such land for half a mark
Vol. VII., 3rd Series. M '
8b
WIGLEY.
of silver. The writ Mort d'ancestre being one usually sued between ladies who were jointly entitled to lands, or their representatives, it is probable that Ralph of Clun and Thomas of Wigley were the children of two sisters, or had married two sisters. However this may be, we have at that time a Thomas of Wigley settled in Stanton Lacy, and for the next hundred years the name occurs frequently. Thomas of Wigley and Margery had a son, Roger of Wigley, who had a dispute (the date is not given but it is about 1250) with Robert Dovill, a man evidently of some importance, concerning the free holding (probably Wigley) in Stanton Lacy, which was claimed by both. From the Assize Roll it appears that Roger of Wigley and Robert Dovill were both children of the above-named Margery by different fathers, and that Robert Dovill, with the assistance of Robert de Hyntes and others, had forcibly ejected Roger from his mother's property. The Jury found that the property had belonged to Margery, and that she had enfeoffed Roger of the same and that it rightly belonged to him. Roger therefore recovered the property and w Robert Dovill was in mercy."
Some of the family of Wigley seem to have come to live in Ludlow, as the name frequently occurs after this period in the Ludlow records.
In 1284 John de Wigley was on a Ludlow Inquest; and Roger de Wigley was a juror for Stanton Liberty at the Assizes of 1292. In the Roll of the Palmers' Gild (Shr. Arch. "fraustwlions I., 342) Adam senior of Wigley appears as the owner oi a house in (ialdeford. The name occurs several times in the old grants to the Palmers' Guild; for instance, Adam of Wigley is mentioned in connection with land in G aide ford, and Richard of Wigley as owner of a house above Corvc Gate. In an ancient rent roll of the Guild, attributed to the reign of Edward II. (1307 — 1327) Dominus Richard de Wigley pays 2d. for a house in Corve Street (probably the house above the gate), and the heir of Sybil of Wigley bd. for a house in Broad Street. In the Shropshire Lay Subsidy Roll for 1327, William de Wigley appears in Ludlow and Alice de Wigley in Stanton Lacy.
WIGLEY.
87
It appears from the Shropshire Visitation that the Wigley family ceased with Alice (daughter and heiress of William de Wigley), who married William Baldwin of Diddlebury, and that their grandson was living in 1357. Blakeway in his Sheriffs, while agreeing that the heiress of the Wigleys married a Baldwin, puts the case somewhat differently, as he says that Roger Baldwin who died about 1398 married Jane, daughter and heiress of William de Wigley, by Alice le Childe. However this may be, the chief stem of the family died out in the male line, and the arms of the old Wigley family " Barry of six azure and argent a chief ermine" appeared in the Baldwin coat.
vSo far we have only dealt with a small area of the Manor about 30 acres, which belonged to the Wigley family. In 1255 Robert Dovile, who has been mentioned above, and was a son of Margery of Wigley, held two virgates of land in Wigley (120 acres), his service being to guard the keep of Ludlow Castle for fifteen days in War time, no light task as a border Castle of such importance as was Ludlow was seldom free from war-like attack, especially in the latter half of the 13th century, when Prince Llewellyn was ever and anon invading the Marches of Wales. Robert Dovile held 12 acres more in Wigley, paying two shillings a year to Dame Margery de Lacy as part of her dower, and it is interesting to note that this payment of two shillings a year, though in later times made to the Town of Ludlow, remained in force for six hundred years afterwards. Dame Margery de Lacy, who was the daughter of William de Braose, married about 1200 Walter de Lacy, the head of the great Fief which included Ludlow Castle and Stanton Lacy, and, therefore, Wigley. She survived her husband, who died in 1241, and whose immense estates ultimately passed .to his grand-daughters, Matilda wife of Peter de Geneville and Margery the wife of John de Verdun, the latter taking Stanton Lacy. Thus it came to pass that, as appears by an inquisition held after the death of Theobald de Verdun, the son and heir of John de Verdun and Margery de Lacy in March, 1317, it was of de Verdun that Robert Dovile's son Robert was then found to be holding lands in Wigley, said at this time to comprise a fourth-part of a Knight's fee,
88
WIGLEY.
which may be roughly computed at 300 acres, and the value of which was said to be Twenty shillings. The Manorial rights of Stanton Lacy passed to the Mortimers, and through them to the (Town, and were granted by Edward IV. to the Burgesses of Ludlow, who thus became entitled to the chief rent of two shillings, which had been formerly paid to Lady Margery de Lacy. This rent charge of two shillings continued to be paid until the nineteenth century.
In 1344 Edward III. granted to John bitzwarine the year day and waste of a messuage and two carucates (about 200 acres) of land in the County of Salop, which belonged to John de Wigley and which, on account of a felony for which he was outlawed, fell into the hands of the King. This may, or may not have been the Wigley with which we are now dealing. There is a very curious protection granted in the following year to Roger de Wigley of Ludlow, which is so expressive of the manners of the time that it deserves reproduction.
" The King, to all Bailiffs and his faithful men to whom these present shall come, greeting. Know ye that whereas we have assigned our beloved Roger de Wygeleye of Lodelowe to pursue, arrest, and take a certain malefactor charged with certain seditions in our Kingdom of England wherever he might be found, and to bring the same malefactor to us wherever we should be without delay, and the said Roger, fearing that injury to himself and danger to his body might happen in prosecuting this business by the friends of the said malefactor, has supplicated us that we will provide for his safety in this respect. We, heartily desiring to further this business and to coerce those who impede it in every way in our power, have taken the said Roger while executing the said business under our special protection and defence, and his men lands rents and all his possessions. And behold we command you, that you protect maintain and defend the said Roger and his men while prosecuting the said business, not inflicting upon him nor suffering to be inflicted any injur)' and that you counsel the said Roger as often as may be necessary.
Witness the King at Westminster
the second day of August 1345.''
WIGLEY.
8g
About this period Wigley, and the neighbouring properties, seem to have been vested in the great family of de Ludlow ; as in 1357 C3° Edw. 1 1 1.) a fine was levied upon a conveyance from John de Ludlow, C hevalier, of Wigley, Dodmore, Stanton Lacy, Eelton, and other properties, to Nicholas de Morehall and Hawise his Wife, lor the life only of the Lady Hawise; the rent reserved being "a Rose at the Nativity of St. John the Baptist:" This Sir John de Ludlow was the son of Sir Laurence de Ludlow, who died in November, 1353, and was buried in the Conventual Church of the Brothers of the Blessed Mary of Mount ( armel at Ludlow (the W hite Friars), which stood on the site of the present St. Leonard's Church. Sir Laurence de Ludlow left a widow, whose name was Hawise, and looking at the fact that the grant of the properties to Sir Nicholas de Morehall and Hawise his wife, was for the life of the latter only and at a nominal rent, and after her death was to revert to Sir John de Ludlow, it is probable that Hawise de Morehall was the widow of Sir Laurence de Ludlow.
In 1407, William of Wigley was indicted for being an aider and abettor of John de Staunton of Long Staunton, Esquire, in the killing of John Synegere of Hope Bowdler.
No further mention of Wigley has been found before the year 1413 (1 Henry V.), when a very curious entry appears in the Assize Rolls, of a charge made against some of the then principal inhabitants of Ludlow in connection with this property. The indictment was that John Danyot, Corvisor, John Bulkeley, Webber, Robert Ebbys, Dyer, William Hyde, Gent., and William Paris, Thomas Cokkys, and John Laurence, Drapers, all of Ludlow, " together with other unknown men to the number of 20 by force and arms, namely, breastplates, palettes and doublets defensive, armed with swords, bows, arrows, lances, axes, guns, and other arms, associated out 01 premeditated malice on the Thursday after the feast of St. Peter and St. Raul in the 1st year of K. Henry V. came to the Manor of Wigley in the Count)' of Salop and there assaulted Thomas kaynam de Wigley and evil in treated and beat him and totally expelled him from his house and there destroyed 2 pigs, 30 chickens and hay and ot her goods and chat tels of the said Thomas kaynam to the
90
WIGLEY.
value of 15 marks and inflicted other enormities on him And also that the same William Paris, William Hide, Thomas Cokkys, John the son of William Paris and John Willoughby of Ludlow Butcher and many other malefactors armed in warlike array came to the said Manor of Wigley and there beat wounded and illtreated Alice the wife of the said Thomas and drew her blood and did other enormities.'' Unfortunately neither the causes which led to this disturb- ance nor the result of the trial are recorded.
Another blank of thirty-eight years occurs in the history of Wigley, of which no further mention is found until 1451, when there is a record of a fine levied upon a sale by [ohu Bykeley of Salop, Chaplain, and Richard Taverner of the same place, to Nicholas Stafford and Katherine his wife of property in Ludlow, Oakley, Wigley, and Corvc meadow. Nicholas Stafford, who was Bailiff of Shrewsbury in 1458, and is described in the early Chronicles of that town as " a worthy gentleman and a wise/' died in 147 1, being buried in St. Mary's Church, where there is a fine alabaster monument to the memory of himself and his wife. He died without issue, and in some way the Wigley Estates passed to Piers Beaupie, Cofferer to King Edward IV., M.P. for Ludlow and Recorder of that town from 1466 to 1474. By his Will, dated in 1^80, Mr. Beaupie directed that one priest should continually celebrate Masses in the Chapel of the Salutation of the Blessed Virgin Mary in Ludlow Church for forty years for his soul and the soul of his wife Agnes, and gave lands to the value of £6 13s. 4d. for the priest's salary. In 2 Richard III. a license was granted to John Alcock, Bishop of Worcester, Agnes Beaupie, widow, and others, to found a Chantry to celebrate Divine sen ice at the altar of St. Mary and St. Gabriel, in whose honour a Chapel had been con- structed and dedicated within the Church of Ludlow, and to endow it with lands to the value of H) marks a year ; i.e., £6 13s. 4<i. There is nothing in the Will of Mr. Beaupie or in the Royal license to show that these lands were Wigley, but this becomes clear from the later deeds.
In 1527 a lease was granted of the Manor and farm of Wigley with all the lands, meadows and pastures pertain- ing lo the same in Wigley and Ludlow by Richard Benson,
WIG LEY.
91
Chantry Priest of the Chantry of the Virgin Mary in Ludlow Church, called Beaupie's Chantry, to William Harding and Joan his wife and Richard their son for their natural lives, at a rent of 60/- in free socage.
In the particulars for grants for Colleges which were taken in 2 Edward VI. appears the following description of Wigley
2 Edward VI. 1548.
" County of Salop: lately the chantry of the Blessed Mary founded in the parish church of Ludlow in the co. afore- said called Bcwpas Chantry, ferine oi the manor and farm of Wigley alias Wigelev with all the lands, meadows, and pastures pertaining to the same in Wigley and Ludlowe demised to William Harding and Joan his wife and to Richard their son by Richard Benson lately cantarist there by an indenture sealed with a seal bearing date Nov. cSth. in the year XIX. of Ring Henry VIII. to be held by the same during their natural life paying therefor per annum in free socage Lxs.
Ouit rent issuing from the Manor of Wigley paying to the Chief Lord of the fee per annum its. ferine . . . lields . . . Chapelltielde and Cherefield .... parcel of the meadow called Portemans medowe with appurtenances in Ludlow and Wigley demised to Charles ffoxe by an indenture for a term of years paying per annum iiis. iiiid. The premisses be entire of themselves* severaltie and parcel) of no other manour nor manours and were given by Peter Beaupy and Agnes his wiffe for the maintenance of a priest for ever to pray for their Soulles and others. Item the premisses be all the landes and possessions . . . belonging to the said Chant ry. There be no woods growing on any of the premisses.
Rich1'. Cupper."
Within a very few months of the date of the above particulars o( Wigley, the Manor and estate, with other property, were sold lor £2,050 to John Cupper and Richard Tnrvoui" of London who were great speculators in Chinch lands. The grant by the Ring to the purchasers describes Wigley as " All that one Manor, messuage and farm of Wigley lately belonging to the Chantry of the Blessed Mary founded in the Parish Church of Ludlow called Beaupie's
92
WIGLEY.
Chantry now dissolved." The purchasers, John Clipper and Richard Turvour were probably either speculators or, as was more common, men of influence w ho obtained Church land at an under value- intending to resell it, but no fine or other document can be found showing how the property was transferred from or by them. Only tw o years later and then for many years afterwards, the Ludlow Renters accounts shew that the 2/- the quit rent of Wigley which had formerly been received from Richard Benson, Chaplain, was paid to the Bailiffs by John Passey, and it is clear that he became the owner of the Manor and estate very soon after the sale of the Chantry property- John Passey seems to have been a man of some conse- quence in Ludlow, as he was Bailiff of the Town in 1546 and 1557, and represented the Borough in the Parliament of 1553.
There seem to have been several dealings with the property by the Passey family which are not quite easy of explanation. There is a chirograph of a line in 1582, by which John Passey (styled the younger) and Margaret his wife sold (a mortgage was probably intended two houses), two gardens, three orchards, &c, in Wigley, Stanton Lacy, and Ludlow for £200 to Charles lroxe, the well known Secretary of the Court of the Marches and founder of Foxe's Almshouses in Ludlow; but this would appear not to extend to the Manor or principal Mansion House and was subject to the life-interest of John Passey the elder. In 1584 (two years later) administration of the goods of John Passey (probably the younger), who is described as "lately while he lived ot Stanton Lacy" was granted to his daughter Elizabeth.
In £588 the same property which had been the subject of a line in 1582 was sold or mortgaged by John Passey to Roger Main waring, but as the consideration was 130 marks of silver, this was probably a mortgage only.
Richard Passe)', described in the probate of his will as " late while he lived" of Wigley, was buried at Stanton Lacy on the 24th February, 16 14-5, and by his nuncupative Will appointed his Grandfather John Passey as his Executor, and gave him "all those goods mentioned in a deed of gift which my grandfather eretofore made to my, use." It
WIG LEY.
93
is clear, therefore, that John Passey the elder, the purchaser of Wigley about 1552, was still living, though he must have been a very old man, but he died in the following May, and was buried at Stanton Lacy (1615, May 30th).
In Easter term 1627 a fine shews that the Manor of Wigley and one messuage, one dovecot, one orchard, 100 acres of land, 30 acres of Meadow, ico acres of pasture, 4 acres of wood, 10 acres of moor and heath and common pasture for all beasts, vvere sold by Ethelreda Passey, w idow, Valentine Passey, Gent., William Passey and John — and Ursula his wife for £200 to Richard Mall, Gent.
Richard Hall, who was under clerk to the Signet in the Court of the Marches, lived at Purway, and was buried in Ludlow Church on the 18th March, 1654; his first wife and a daughter, whose gravestone still remains in the South transept, having been buried there in May and July, 161 7. Richard Hall by his Will, proved in Ludlow, directed that his wife Mar)' (formerly Mary Nash) should enjoy his farm of Purway and also that "other his farm called Wigley in the Parish of Stanton Lacy for twenty one years, to enable her to provide portions for his two unmarried daughters, Martha and Dorothy, and his younger sons Richard and Somerset, " and after his wife's death he gave the properties to his eldest son Thomas Hall.
Thomas Hall, who was born about 1020, matriculated at Christchurch, Oxford, on 17th March, 1636-7, was called to the Par at the Inner Temple in 1646, and was probably the M.P. of that name who represented the City of Worcester in 1660. He was included in the list of delinquents in Ludlow in 1646 as having "ridden in arms for the King." Thomas Hall who married Jane, daughter of William Griffiths of Ludlow but had no issue, bought the Tithes of Wigley from Robert Townshend in 16G6. He died in 1667; as in December of that year a pew in Ludlow Church which had been that of Thomas Hall, Esq., deceased, was granted to his widow. Mrs. Jane Hall. Thomas Hall's four sisters, Dorothy the w ife of John Moore, Martha Griffiths, Mai)', the wife of Thomas Vernon, and Elizabeth, the wife of Richard Nash were his ( o heiresses, and they seem to have agreed on a partition in 1090, under which three-fourths of the estate
94
WIG LEY.
passed to Martha Griffiths, and one-fourth to John and Dorothy Moore. The whole of the property was again re-united by a settlement upon the marriage of Charles Moore (son of John and Dorothy) with Mary Chilton, in July, 1694. Wigley then passed to Charles Moore's only child Mary, who, in October, 17 18, married Charles Parsons of Kemerton, by whom she had a son John, to whom the property descended. Me died in 1757, and by his Will left the property to his brothers-in-law Richard Cope-Hopton, and William Cope-Hopton in trust for sale.
On the 17th January, 1 7^>5, the)' sold the estate, which then consisted of 179 acres, for £1,589, to Mr. Samuel Pajtrick of The Bury, Richard's Castle, from whom it has eventually passed to his great grand-daughter who married Mr. J. E. Farmer, the present owner of Wigley.
In 1617 a note was taken and recorded in the Stanton Lacy Parish Register of what part of the Churchyard Hayment, i.e., fence, each Township or Estate ought to maintain, and it is there stated that Wigley was liable for four yards.
There is very little to be seen externally which would suggest to any casual visitor that Wigley is one of the oldest houses in the neighbourhood of Ludlow, nor is there much internally as the house was so much altered and reorganised in the middle of the last century as to amount practically to a rebuilding. There are, however, some very interesting cellars, which bear the stamp of antiquity, and were no doubt part of the old Manor House which formed part of the possessions of the Chantry of St. Mary and St. Gabriel in Ludlow Church, and may even have been part of the Mansion at the time when it was the owner's duty in the days of feudal tenure to guard the Keep of Ludlow Castle during war time.
95
A BITTERLEY BROIL IN 1718. BQOTON versus LANQFORD. By Rev. JOHN R. HURTON, Rector of Bitterley.
Through the kindness of Sir William Rouse- Boughton, Bart., I am able to give a transcript of some old MSS. relating to Bitterley School, throwing light on its origin, and also telling the story of an exciting parish episode of two centuries ago. At present I have only broken lights as to the ownership of the Manor in Elizabethan and Jacobean times ; but these may afford some guidance in reading the "Indenture" which is given hereafter.
The Blakcway MS. enumerates the possessors of Bitterley Manor (after Elizabeth) in this order.: —
1. Sir Henry Anderson.
2. Charles Auden, gent.
3. John Hatcher.
4. Thomas Browker.
5. Sir Thomas Walcot.
In 1587 Henry Anderson presented to the Rectory. Sir Richard Anderson, Kt, appointed Matthew Clark in 1629. Then in the State Papers (Dom. P.R.O. Interregnum G. 35, 47) we get " Sir Henry Anderson of Pendley in Com. Salop By Deed dated 20 feb. Anno Dni 1646-7 hath settled the Rectory of Middle-ton of the value of £20 per annum upon Sir John Corbett and Sir Anthony Irby in Trust for the minister of Bitterley for ever. Consideration £200. Three Covenants." M iddleton, so far as is known, has always been a Chapcl-of-ease to Bitterley Church. Had it a short-lived independent position during part of the Puritan regime?
In the "[Case* the School — raised afterwards by John Newborough's bequest to the dignity of a Grammar School — is always called the Parish School; and in the " Indenture" Sir Henry is styled Barbnrt't ; but he did not apparently Vol. VII., 3rd Scries. N
96
A BITTERLEY BROIL IN I718.
belong to any baronetcy now existing, nor is he included in Burke's Extinct Baronetcies, nor in the Complete Baronetage by G. E. C. Blakcway tells us that after the death of Anderson the estate was divided. We are on firm ground in 1648 when on 1 June an Indenture was made "between Sir Thomas Lyttelton, Bart., and Dame Anne his wife, daughter and heir of Edward Lord Littleton, Sir Thomas Littleton, Kt. and Bart., Sir Edward Littleton, Bart., William Littleton, Esquire, John Littleton, D.D., and Timothy Littleton, serjeant-at-law, of the one part, and Thomas Brow ker, Esq., of the other part. In consideration of £2646 paid by Browkcr the parties conveyed to him a capital messuage and farm called the Manor Place or Court of the Lordship of Bitterley and all houses, lands, woods, &c." [Enrolled in Chancery 25 Sept., 1648.]
Thomas Browkcr only held the estate for seven years, but he has left his memory on a stone pedestal, still at Bitterley Court, engraved " T. B. 1649."
On 13 June, 1055, Thomas Browkcr and Mary his wife, in consideration of £3,401, conveyed the said premisses to Sir Thomas Littleton, Timothy Littleton and Thomas Walcott ami their heirs.
Sir Thomas Walcot was brother of John Walcot of Walcot. He was associated with the Lytteltons in the purchase of Bitterley Court in 1655. In 1663 he married Mary, daughter of Sir Adam Lyttelton, Bart., of Stoke St. Milburgh, and thus became possessed of the whole interest in the estate. On Jan. 14, 1673, he sold Bitterley to his elder brother John, but continued to reside there till his death in 1685.
Lyttelton Powys and his brother Thomas were sons of Thomas Powys of Henley Hall, Bitterley, serjeant-at-law, and a Bencher of Lincoln's Inn, by his first wife Anne, daughter of Sir Adam Lyttelton, Bart. The two brothers both received knighthood, both became Justices of the Queen's Bench, and sat in the same Court. Sir Littleton in 1688 took arms with three servants for William of Orange, and publickly read that Prince's declaration at Shrewsbury. His favourite expressions " I humbly conceive" and " Look, do you see " were ridiculed by Philip Yorke (afterwards Lord Chancellor Hardwicke) in the lines: — -
A BITTERLEY BROIL IN iyiS. 97
" He that holdeth his lands in fee, need neither to shake nor to shiver,
I humbly conceive: for look do you see, They are his and his heirs for ever." Sir Littleton was patron of Bitterley .Church, where in 1707 he set up a gallery at the west end, and in which he was buried in 1732.
[If the Indenture has still any legal value, the present owners of the site of Bitterley Grammar School are Lord Lilford and Mr. John O. H, Walcot. Sir Littleton Powys and Sir Thomas Walcot have left no direct representatives.]
THE INDENTURE.
" This Indenture made the Sixth day of July in the four and thirtieth year of the reigne of onr Sovereigne Lord Charles the Second by the grace of God King of England Scotland France and Ireland Defender of the Faith Annoque Dni 1682 Between Sir Thomas Meres1 of the Close of Lincolne Kt. and Thomas Hatcher of Careby in the County of Lincoln Esqr son and heir of John Hatcher late of Careby aforesaid Esq. deceased on the one part and John Walcot of Walcot in the County of Salop Esq. Sir Thomas Walcot of Bitterly in the said County of Salop Krit. and Serjeant at Law Littleton Powes of Henly in the said County ol Salop Esq. and Thomas Powys of Lincons Inne in the County of Middlesex Esq. on the other part — Witnesseth that the said Sir Thomas Meres and Thomas Hatcher for and in Con- sideracion of the Suinc of live shillings of lawfnll English money to them in hand paid by the said John Walcot Sir Thomas Walcot Littleton Powys and Thomas Powys And in Memory that Sir Henry Anderson Baronett did heretofore give leave to the Inhabitants of the Parish of Bitterley in the said County of Salop to erect the Schoolhouse hereinafter mentioned upon the soyle and wast of him the said Sir Henry. They the said Sir Thomas Meres and Thomas Hatcher Have bargained and sold and by these presents Doe bargaine and sell Unto the
1 Sir Thomas Moors, Kt., presented to Bitterley Rectory in 1079.
A BITTERLEY BROIL IN 1718.
said John Walcot Sir Thomas Walcot Littleton Povvys and Thomas Powys and to their heires All that house or building commonly called the Schoolhouse and now used as such scituate and being in Bitterly in the said County of Salop And all that yard or Curtilage being about half an acre unto the said Schoolhouse belonging or used therewith To have and to hold the said house yard and premises with the Appurtenances unto the said John Walcot Sir Thomas Walcot Littleton Powys and Thomas Powys their heires and Assignes for ever To the use and behoofe of them the said John Walcot Sir Thomas Walcot Littleton Powys and Thomas Powys their heires and Assignes for ever Upon trust nevertheless that they the said John Walcot Sir Thomas Walcot Littleton Powys and Thomas Powys and their heires shall and will for ever hereafter permitt and suffer the said house to be used as a Schoolhouse together with the said Yard And that such Schoolmaster and his successors may hold the said house and teach School therein as the Inhabit- ants of the parish of Bitterly in the said County of Salop who usually pay to the rates of Church and Poor or the major part of them shall hereafter from time to time nominate and elect at any meeting at the Church of the said parish upon any Feast day of St. Michaell the Archangell or Tuesday in Easter Weeke between the hours of Nine in the morning and One in the afternoon of such day the major part of such Inhabitants who shall so meet being the Electors And that such Inhabitants or the Major part of them so meeting at such the like time and place may in like manner vote out or remove such Schoolmaster by reason of Inability Negligence or other Misdemeanors Provided always that no such Schoolmaster shall be so elected unless the Minister or Churchwardens of the said Church do at least one month before upon some Sunday Morning immediately after divine Service and Sermon give publick Notice in the said Church that such Election is intended as upon the Michaelmas day or Tuesday in Easter week then next following and that no such Schoolmaster shall be removed unless that such inhabit- ants at a meeting first had in manner abovesaid or the major part of , them so meeting do agree that at their like meeting upon the then next Michaelmas day or Tuesday in Easter
A BITTERLEY BROIL IN 1718.
90
week it shall be then put to the vote whether such School- master shall be so removed And it is intended that the said Schoolmaster for the time being shall keep the said School- house in Convenient repair at his own Charges unless the said parish shall of their own free wiil'think fitt to contribute to the same.1 In witness whereof the said Sir Thomas Meres and Thomas Hatcher have hereunto sett their hands and Seales the day and year abovewritten.
Sealed and Delivered by the within Tno: Meres named Sir Tho. Meres and Tho. Tuo: Hatcher Hatcher in the presence of Tho.
Skipwith, John Jenkings, John Irrotulatur in
Calcraft, John Beeston. Cancellaria decimo
quinto die Julii Anno infra scripto.'
THE CASE.
The Case of John Booton Clerk Schooll Master elect of
the parish Schooll of Bitterly in the County of Salop. Case. The Schooll-Master of the said parish Schooll being
elective by the Inhabitants paying to Church and Poor pursuant to the Deed of the 6th of July 340 Car. 2di which vide, Humphrey But lee Clerk about 1712 was ducly elected School- Master thereof and continued so for about live years when the said Schooll by his neglect having be- come very thin, and Something better offering at Tenbury in Worcestershire the said Mr. Butler resided there where he also taught a Lattin Schooll and took the Curacy of the Parish Church upon him, and left the said School of Bitterly sometimes to the Manadgment of John Langford Clerk and sometimes to some Ancient Gentlewomen residing in the said parish who severally taught Schooll therein.
The parish Schooll of Bitterly hath been formerly a Note. Schooll of great Repute to which severall learned
men owed their education and particularly Mr
1 The Church Books record that in 1685 ami 1689 small sums were expended ' for repairs of the School l»y order of the parish."
100 A BITTERLEY BROIL IN 1718.
Newborough1 late one of the Schooll-Masters of Eaton who in consequence thereof and to encourage a learned master to reside at the said School of Bitterly did about 1711 by his last Will and Testament leave £400 to be layd out to the use of such Master though such Master is not thereby or otherwise obliged to teach any Schollar Gratis.
This Schooll being so neglected by Mr. Butler as Easter aforesaid, and the parents of the Schollars being 1718. uneasie thereat, said Buttler about Feb. 1717
declared he would resign said Schooll of Bitterly, for that he designed to reside altogether at Tenbury, and would therefore give due Notice for the parish to proceed to a new election on the Tuesday in Easter week following. And accordingly some short time after a Note in writing purporting said Buttler's resignacion, and for the said parish to proceed to a new election, was by said Buttler's orders delivered to the Churchwarden'2 of said parish, who duly published the same in the parish Church of Bitterly aforesaid. And at a parish Meeting held pursuant to said Notice on said Tuesday in Easter week John Booton Clerk was by a great number of voices elected Master of the said Schooll of Bitterly. But then said Buttler who had made what interest he could for his aforesaid substitute Langford, and finding that Booton had prevailed, pretended that such notice was given without his licence or consent, and that therefore he would not resigne said Schooll. Notwithstanding he had declared to severall of the parishionors that he wouid resign and had sollicited them to vote for said Langford at said Election, and had some short time before said Election, by Letter under his hand, assured Mr. Booton (who applyed to
1 John Newborouyh was elected a Scholar of Eton in 1673. 1677 ;
M.A. 1 68 1 . Assistant Master at Eton 16S2 ; Head Master 1689. He was esteemed a man of <^reat learning. Under this very eminent Schoolmaster were educated some ot the first scholars of that time. He was Rector of Hitcham, Bucks, where he died in 1 7 1 2 ; there is an epitaph to his memory on an altar tomb in the Churchyard {Alumni Elonienses by Thos Harwood, Birm. 1 797). Samuel Newborough, A.M. (presumably his brother) was Curate of Bitterley, and perhaps Master of the School 1679 — 1681. He was Vicar of Slarton Lacy from 1683 to 1 7 18, 3nd lies buried there under a stone with beautiful Latin inscription. His daughter Eleanor was wife of Samuel Green, also Vicar of Stanton Lacy, and died 26 April, 1763, a^ed 80.
- The Churchwardens in 17 18 were " Samuel Payne, who hired Samuel Towns % ali. is Moses, and fames Meredilh." Payne apparently wished to keep free from the dispute. Both the acting Churchwardens voted loi Landlord.
A BITTERLEY BROIL IN 1718.
IOI
him to know his resolution therein) that he would resigne and that there should be a new Election on the aforesaid Tuesday, But came and taught Schooll for two or three days after said election of Mr. Booton, and then returned to Tenbury leaving the care of Bitterly Schooll to the aforesaid Substitutes for the subsequent year.
Great part of the parish of Bitterley being uneasy Easter hereat, and not well knowing how to discover the 1719. fallacy of said Butler, Ben. Marston,1 Clerk, Rector of the said parish of Bitterly by their Consent and Approbacion gave Notice on the first of March last in the parish Church of Bitterly imediately after divine Service and Sermon ended, for a parish Meeting on the Tuesday in Easter Week then following for voting out or ejecting said Buttler for neglecting or deserting said Schooll, and for settling in the said late elected Mr. Booton. And a Meeting- was had, and an Order of the Parish had accordingly. Vide the Notice and Order.
Hereupon said Booton together with the Churchwardens of said parish demanded possession of said Schooll, and at the time served said Buttler and Langford with Copyes of said Parish Order. And possession being refused, He, by his Proctors in the Ecclesiasticall Court of the Diocess of Hereford proceeded to presente for the same, Where the said Mr. Langford who during all the time aforesaid had taught without a Licence at the said Schooll of Bitterly was pro- hibited to teach therefor the future. But the said Langford alledging that he had a verball Licence from the right reverend the Lord Bishop of Hereford to teach at Tenbury, And said Booton, being informed by his Proctors that the said Lord Bishop of Hereford would hear this Matter in person at his next Visitation at Ludlow, hath thereupon desisted from any farther 01 other prosecution cither against said Buttler or his Substitute, therein being willing to refer himself intirely to his Lordship's justice.
But the said Mr. Buttler being unwilling to lett this Matter appear in its proper light has (as 'tis pretended) delivered a
1 Benjamin Marston of St. Alban Hall, Oxford, Rector of Bitterley 1703— 1736, buried at Bitterley, 3 Dec, 1736, aged 69.
102
A BITTERLEY BROIL IN I718.
new Notice to one of the Churchwardens of the said parish of Bitterly, who about the latter end of October last published the same in the parish Church, for the said parish to proceed to a new election at Michaelmas next, and that then he the said Buttler would resigne the said Schooll, And by these and such like means said Buttler and Langford have con- tinued to delude the parish and the said Booton, and to divide the Sallary belonging to the said Schooll to their own pocketts, Notwithstanding the same doth of right belong to the said Booton from the time of his first election, which is an year and half, And the Schooll become neglected the Parish deceived of their rights and the intent of the Donor intirely lost.
And if upon such new Election to be had at Michaelmas next Mr. Booton should again prevaile the same objection might still remain. Mr. Buttler might deny his Notice and Mr. Booton as new to proceed as ever he was, and Mr. Buttler and his Confederates continue to sink the Sallary — for there is the Origen of these Contrivances. Mr. Buttler and Mr. Langford (we doubt not) have Agreed to share the Incomb — and Buttler resolved that the Parish shall chuse his Substitute or no body. *\nd by continnuall harrassing the Parish threatening and menaceing Mr. Booton's votes (which has been much used by some of their party of late and severall thereby prevailed upon to stay away) and making private Applications from time to time, Mr. Booton's interest will be much weakened and the way made easy for the aforesaid designes. For said Buttler did sollicite votes for his Substitute Langford for the Second Election, as well as at the First. And then declared to some of the Parishioners that who would carry such Second Election he would keep the Schooll no longer.
POLL TAKEN 15TII APRIL, 1718.
Township of Bittcrlcy.
Booton Langford Mr. Marston... ... ... —
Philip Harper ... ... —
John Thomas ... ... —
John Morris .,. — •
A I) I Till R LEY 15ROIL IN 1718.
Widow Shepperd ... Richard Smith Chas. Falkner Widow Cooper Sam. Thomas Tho. Harris ... Rd. Langford
Rd. Griffiths
Widow ilolloway ...
Thos. Gough ... ... abs.
Griffith Williams abs.
Yarkc ... .. ... abs.
M id (f let on.
Pountney Falkner
Clee —
Rudd
Price ...
Pearce —
Tomkins sen. ... ... —
Perks
Rd. Tipton ... ... ... —
Sheppard Wm. Meredith Rd. Bason ... Chas. Bason ... Caldwall
Matt. Thomas ... ... abs.
Rd. Tipler ... ... ... abs.
Henley.
Rd. Nash —
Wm. Nash —
John Vale ... ... ... —
Mr. Justice Powys ... ... abs.
Thos. Anthony ... ... abs.
Griffith Oliver ... ... abs.
Cleeton.
Mr. Pardo ... —
Mr. Low
Mr. Matthews
104 A BITTER LEV DROIT. IN 1718.
Snitton.
|
Mr. Clee — |
|
|
Ballard |
|
|
Widow Nash |
|
|
Widow Williams ... |
|
|
Thomas ... ... . v — |
|
|
Prince ... ... ... — |
|
|
H. Williams ... ... ... — |
|
|
Mr. Loughton |
|
|
John Jones ... ... ... — |
|
|
Wilding |
— |
|
Clark..! ... .1 ...Jf |
— |
|
Anthony |
— . |
|
Bowen ... ... ... abs. |
|
|
\\ luO\\ fJOUglllOIl ... ... dDS. |
|
|
Hughes ... ... ... abs. |
|
|
\V adley ... ... ... abs. |
|
|
1 1 lll-HpO)l-C Oil. |
|
|
Sheppard, Lsq. ... |
|
|
Meredith |
— |
|
Dan. Smith .. |
|
|
Wm. Maund ... ... abs. |
|
|
Summary. |
|
|
Booton |
Lang ford |
|
Bitterley 4 |
9 |
|
iMiLlUlUHJll ... ... ... |
5 |
|
Henley 3 |
0 |
|
Cleeton ... ... ... 3 |
0 |
|
Snitton ... ... ... 9 |
3 |
|
Luppencott 0 |
3 |
|
Total ... 28 |
20 |
" Bayliff Clee deposed that Houghton and Langford solicited him for a vote for both elections, and offered him a coursing bout for his vote."
[The Parish Registers give the clue to the final result of this contest. Booton, although victorious in this Poll, dis- appears from the scene ; but .-ons are born to M John Langford, dark and Anne his wife " in 1721, 1725 and 1727, and on Oct. 5th, 1739, his burial at Bitterley is recorded.]
Austin Friars, Shrewsbury, — Grmtml Man and detail* of
Exixtiny Hctnains.
io5
THE AUGUSTINIAN FRIARS, SHREWSBURY. By the Rkv. C. H. ORINKVVATKR, M.A.
The historians of Shrewsbury, Messrs. Owen and Blakeway (Vol ii., p. 451), speaking of the establishment of this order in one of the suburbs of the town, have put on record a conjec- ture (it is nothing more) which more recent investigation does nut seem in any way to support. I copy their words. They say :—
" In the year when he (Alexander IV.) became Pope, viz., in 1254, we find some of them (the Augustinian Friars) already in Shrewsbury. They were then called Fratrcs dc Coition, an appellation, for which we can assign no origin, unless our readers will accept the conjecture in the note (below). If that be admitted, they soon removed from the north of Shrewsbury to the south, where there was a spot of ground on the outside of the town walls, at the bottom of Romaldshani, or Barker Street, then lying void. It had formerly been used as a place of burial, when the kingdom lay under an interdict in the reign of King John (1199 — 1216), at which time the dead were not permitted to repose in consecrated ground, or to be attended to the grave with the offices of religion. There being no appearance that this spot would be again wanted for that purpose, the friars of Coition thought it would be a good place for the site of their chapel. They obtained a writ, directed to the sheriff, commanding him to enquire whose property it was, and, the result of that enquiry fixing it in the crown, the King (16 Feb., 39 Hen. III., J^Jb 5) ordered the sheriff to give them seisin of it in his name." [To this is appended the following note] : —
" It will have been seen in our account of St. Julian's that the land to the north of the Castle was called Cowlone, Cowlande, and Cowmeadowe. Oiher documents also speak of it as in that direc- tion." [Cxtncts are given to confirm that statement.] "This fixes Cowmeadow to have been co-extensive with St. Mary's Parish
Vol. VII., 3rd Sciics. O
I
106 THE AUGUSTINIAN FRIARS, SHREWSBURY.
in this direction, for there is no brook or rivulet, over which a bridge could be thrown, but that which comes down from Hencot pool and falls into the Severn nearly opposite Underdale, dividing St. Mary's parish from those of St. Alkmund and St. Julian. Now it is not improbable that the colony from the neighbourhood of Cleobury may, at first, have established themselves in a cottage in the cowpasfure and thence have been at first styled The Friars of Cowlone ; but this is submitted to the judgment of the reader."
That one humble judgment is adverse to this conjecture must be made evident to our present day readers, and so first respecting the word Coition, on which so much depends.
Messrs. Owen and Blakeway seem to have relied too much upon the similarity of the words Coulon and Cowlone, and have failed to see that they have no real affinity. Coulon, as marking the tract north of the Castie, with its varied spellings of Coulane and Cow lone, denotes the road-way or lane lead- ing from the main road to Cowmeadowe. The word lone was a local word for a road to the river, and is sometimes interchangeable with lode. How far a cottage in a Cow- meadow would have sufficed for a Company of friars requires some explanation. But the friars did not come from such a place, but rather from their principal house at Colchester in the east of England, then called variously Colun, Colon, Colum, and by the Britons Caer Coiun. " To the south of that town was a monastery of Augustine Canons, founded in the reign of Hen. I. (noo to 1135), and dedicated to St. Julian and St. Bodolph, by Ernulphus or Eynulphus, who afterwards became prior. These Canons were brought into this kingdom about the year 1109. This House [at Col- chester] was the first of that order in England, as appears by the Bull of Pope Paschal II., directed to Ernulph and his brethren, dated in Aug. 11 16. Some indeed have affirmed that St. Gregory's in Canterbury was the first, and others have placed them at Nosthel in Yorkshire, or at Trinity within Aldgatc, London; but, as Mr. J, Stevens well observes, this point is fully determined by Pope Paschal's Bull in 11 16, who, living so near the time, could not be misinformed, or, if he had, the monastery in England, that had been before it, would have claimed the precedence." ... " However it be, Pope Paschal, in his Bull, gives them the pre-eminence above
THE AUGUSTlNIAtf FRIARS, SHREWSBURY. IQJ
all the Houses of their Order in England; and invests them with authority and jurisdiction over them in general, em- powering them not only to punish delinquents and deserters, but also to govern all others, according to their own Rule, and to plant and distribute their members in* proper places as they should think convenient, putting at the same time the Churches of Trinity and St. Leonard's beneath their government and obedience. The Bull exempted them likewise from all secular and ecclesiastical jurisdiction whatsoever ; and ordained that, alter Eynulph's death, the succeeding priors should be chosen by their brother canons, or the majority of them, and be consecrated by the Bishop of London (or, if he refused, by some other Bishop) from whom they were to receive a kind of Episcopal office or power. It does not appear that Eynulph settled on his new foundation any lands or possessions, except perhaps the site and gardens of the Priory. But it soon met with benefactors, though its revenues never became very ample.''
[Extracted from the Monasticon.] Such well authenticated statements, long though they may seem, may serve to establish a very strong presumption, if no more, in favour of the Uratres dc Coulou being an offshoot from the parent House at Colone (i.e., Colchester). Colonia by the Romans, Caer Colun by the Britons, and Colne- ceaster by the Saxons, is again latinised in the middle ages as Colonia and Colum, as may be seen by reference to documents of the 14th century. An additional argument for this view may be derived from the authority given to the parent House " to plant and distribute their members in proper places, as they should think convenient." That Shrewsbury was a " proper place " would be evident from its growing importance. The Fratrcs de Coition might expect a quiet habitation and a sphere of usefulness in a town which was periodically visited by royalty, and was becoming more and more wealthy, as it shared largely in the provision of materials for the incessant war with the turbulent Welshmen. Whether, or not, they made the Woodhouses, near Cleobury Mortimer, a temporary station on their way to the county town, matters very little, they were fratres de Coidon in all
108 TiiE AUG USTIN1AN FRIARS, SHREWSBURY.
their peregrinations. But evidence for this statement is meagre or non-existent. Here I may remark that the date on top of p. 452 is manifestly wrong ; it first of all clashes with the date in the preceding page, and secondly, it docs not accord with the embodied date jn the writ ; the years 1254-5 correspond to the 39th Hen. III.
I further remark that the note on p. 454 purporting to give a copy of the King's grant in 1345 of an extension to their premises, is not verbally correct, though it gives the general sense. I subjoin a copy made at the Record Office at the instance of Mr. John Beacall, which may be useful if at any time a plan of the conventual buildings should be published I believe that there is one, more or less complete, in existence, as also there are drawings made of the remains existing at the beginning of the 19th century, one of which, belonging to Mr. H. H. Hughes, and copied by him, forms the frontispiece to this paper. A plan showing the situation of the present remains in relation to the modern buildings occupying the site is also added.
[The following is the document referred to above.]
Calcndarium Rotulorum Patentium, Hen. III., p. 27. 39 Hen. III.
14 De area extra villam Salopie in qua tempore generalis interdicti humabantur corpora defunctorum assignata ffratribus de Caulan Pro ffratribus de Coulon.
Rex omnibus &c. Quoniam accepimus per inquisic'oem quam per vicecomitem nostrum Salopie fieri precepimus quod quedam area extra villam nostram Salopie in qua tempore generalis interdicti humabantur corpora defunctorum pertinet ad collac'oem nostram. Ita quod earn conferre possimus cuicunque vel quibuscunque voluerimus eandem aream ffratribus de Coulon conccssimus ad construendam in ea capellam in qua possint diuina celebrare Et mandamus predicto vicecomiti nostro quod de predicta area predictis ffratribus nomine nostro plenam seisinam habere feccrit. In cujus cvc. Teste Kege apud Westmonasterium xvj die fl'ebruaiij (Feb; 16, 1255).
The augustinian friars, Shrewsbury.
[Translation of the above.]
The King to all &c. Inasmuch as we have received an inquisition which we commanded our sheriff of Salop to cause to be made (showing) that a certain plot, outside our town of Salop, wherein at the time of the general inter diet the bodies of the dead were interred, pertairieth to our prerogative (collationem) so that we have it in our power to grant it to any person soever, or persons soever, we may wish, we have granted it to the Friars of Coulon, that they may build in it a chapel wherein to solemnize divine offices. And we enjoin our said sheriff that he shall give full seisin of the aforesaid plot to the aforesaid Friars in our name. In testimony whereof &c. The King himself witnessing at Westminster the 16th day of February (1255).
[The following transcripts were made from the originals in the Public Record Office by Mr. John Beacall, who, though no longer resident in Shrewsbury, takes a very laud- able interest in everything connected with the history of his native town. A portion of one of these documents was copied by the historians of Shrewsbury, as may be seen in a footnote (Vol. ii., p. 454), and a description given of the resulting charter (as it is called) taken, however, from a MS. of Mr. Godolphin Edwards. They also refer to a previous compact between the burgesses and the friars. Comparison will show some slight differences between the text now given and the abstract ; the principal being the omission by Messrs. Owen and Blakeway of all reference to the width of the ground and the fact of its being commonly (communiter) overflowed by the river, so as to make it almost useless for ordinary pasturage and tillage. It is well known that in the Middle Ages (and up to recent times even), Hoods were very much greater and the damage also more extensive, because they were more frequent than at present.]
[These documents refer to an extension of the premises of the Augustinian Friars at a later date.] Inquisitio ad quod Damnum (20 Nov., 1342, 16 Edw. III.).
Edward by the grace of God, King of England, Lord of Ireland, and Duke of Aquitaine to his well beloved and faith- ful Walter of Gloucester, his Eschcator on this side Trent, Greeting. We enjoin you that you do diligently enquire by
no
THE AUG USTINIAN FRIARS, SHREWSBURY.
the oath of upright and law-abiding men of your bailiwick, through whom the truth of the matter may be the better ascertained, whether it would be to our damage or prejudice if we should grant to Walter Vaghan permission to give and assign to our well beloved in Christ the Prior and brethren of the order of St. Augustine of Salop, a certain toft with appur- tenances ill the same town contiguous to the property of the same Prior and brethren, for the enlargement of their said property. — To have and to hold to the same Prior and brethren and their successors for ever, — or not. And if it should be to the damage or prejudice of ourselves or others, then (to enquire) what damage or prejudice of ourselves, and what damage and what prejudice of others, and of whom and what kind and in what particulars, and from whom or from what persons that toft may be held and by what service and annual value in all the outgoings. And who and what middlemen may be between ourselves and the aforesaid William in the aforesaid toft. And what lands and what tenements remain to the same William beyond the gift and assignment aforesaid. And if the lands and tenements remaining to the same William suffice for all customs and services both from the aforesaid toft thus given and from the other lands and tenements recently made due and to all other burdens which he has borne or has been used to bear, as [commonly] borne in suits of the view of frankpledge, aids, tallages, wards, fines, redemptions, penalties, contributions and all other burdens likely to arise. And what the same William can undergo in all sworn assizes and other recognizances whatsoever. And so that the country by the gift and assignment aforesaid shall not be burdened or aggrieved more than customary through the default of the s;ime William. And further that you cause to be sent to ourselves without delay the inquisition thence plainly and openly made under your own seal and the seals of those by whom the facts shall be ascertained, and this writ, ourselves being witness at Windsor the 19th day of January in the second year of our reign (Jan. 19th, 1309) (shall be your warrant).
(On the reverse and in modern writing) Per Cancellarium, Quod damnum, 2 Edw. II. No. 52.
THE AUGUSTINIAN FRIARS SHREWSBURY. Ill
Salop. Salop. Salop. Inquisition made whether it would be to the damage or prejudice of our Lord the King or others if our Lord the King should concede to Wm. Vaghan that he may be able to give and assign to the Prior and friars of the order of St. Augustine of Salop one toft with appurtenances in the same town adjoining the plat of the same Prior and friars, for the enlargement of the plat aforesaid, to have and to hold to the said Prior and friars in perpetuity or not. And if it should be to the damage or prejudice of our Lord the King. Then 'also) to what damage or prejudice of others, and who they be, and how great and in what manner, and of whom or of what persons that toft may be holdcn and by what kind of service, and how much it is worth yearly in all outgoings — (made, I say) before the Escheator at Salop on the Friday in the festival of St. Valentine in the 2nd year of the reign of King Edward by the oath of William de Harleye, Adam le Parmenter, Nicholas Bonel, Alan Atteyate, Richard Beget, John de Wigemore, Warin de la Tour, Reginald Granegos, Henry de Lydleye, Alan le Cleuere, Robert de Pries and Richard le Villeyn. Who [now] say upon their oath that it is not to the damage or prejudice of our Lord the King nor of others if our Lord the King should grant to Win. Vaghan liberty to give and assign to the Prior and friars of the order of St. Augustine of Salop one toft with its appurtenances in the said town contiguous to the plat of the same Prior and friars for the enlargement of their plat. — To have and to hold to the same Prior and friars and their successors for ever — And they say that the said toft is holdcn of John fitz Alan of Ardeston without any service thereto pertaining and thus is yearly worth two pence in all outgoings, and the aforesaid John is holden of it to our Lord the King in such a manner that there are no more intermediaries between our Lord the King and the aforesaid William. And they say that there remain to the said William lands and tenements beyond the aforesaid gift and assignment which are worth xli. yearly. And the said lands and tenements will suffice for all other burdens, customs and services, such as lects, views of frank- pledge, aids, tallages, vigils, fines, and all other things con- tained in the writ of our Lord the King, and all other burdens
112 THE AUGUSTINIAN FRIARS, SHREWSBURY.
whatsoever arising therefrom as the aforesaid William has been used to do in former days in regard of the aforesaid tenements And they say that the country by the assignment and gift aforesaid, at the decease of the same William, will not be laden or oppressed more than is usual. In testimony whereof the Jurors aforesaid have to this inquisition placed their seals. [In dorso and in a modern hand] q.d, 2, Ed. 2. No. 72, (Feb, 15th, 1309).
Translation.
Edward, by the grace of God, King of England and France and lord of Ireland to his beloved and faithful servant 1 nomas de Swynerton, his Escheator in the Counties of Salop and Stafford greeting. We command you to diligently inquire by the oaths of upright and lawful men of your baili- wick, through whom the truth of the matter may be best discovered, whether we, without any damage or prejudice of ourselves, or of others whomsoever, or of injury to our town of Salop, can give and assign to our beloved in Christ the Prior and brethren of the Order of St. Augustine in Salop, a certain stone wall outside the said town, which is joined to the wall of the same town, with two round towers built upon the aforesaid wall outside the town, and also a certain plat of ground near to that wall, abutting upon the water of the Severn contiguous to the dwelling-place of the aforesaid Prior and brethren, together with a certain crenellated house constructed upon the aforesaid wall outside the town and a certain part of the aforesaid plat — To have and to hold to the said Prior and brethren and their successors for the enlargement of their dweiling-place — or not. And to inquire whether such gift will be to the damage or prejudice of our- selves or of others, or to the injury of our town aforesaid, and if so, then to what extent will be the damage and prejudice of ourselves and of others, and who they are and what amount of injury of our town aforesaid, and how far and in what respect, and as well how much is the extent of the said wall outside the town by itself, as also the aforesaid plat by itself, contain in number of perches or feet, and how much they are worth annually in all their issues according to the real
THE AUGU STINIAN FRIARS, SHREWSBURY. 113
value of the same. And you are without delay to send together with this writ, the inquisition thus plainly and suit- ably made to ourselves under your own seal and the seals of those by whom it has been made.
Witness Edward Duke of Cornwall.and Earl of Chester our dearest son, Guardian of England, at Kenyngton in the 16th year of our reign in England, and the 3rd of our reign in France. (20th Nov. 1342, 16 Edw. III.).
Inquisition made before Thomas de Swynerton Escheator of our Lord the King in the Counties of Salop and Stafford with the March of Wales adjacent to the same counties, according to the teriour of the King's writ attached to this inquisition on the Friday next after the festival of St. Matthew in the 17th year of the reign of King Edward, the third after the conquest, by Richard Justice, Thomas Pymmot, Simon de Ouerton, Richard Willesone, John de Lynleye, tanner, Adam de Wyrleye, William de Coton, Hugh le Webbe, Adam Matheu, Henry de Bromleye, Philip de Leyntewardin, and Alan Comyng who say upon oath — that our lord the King is able to give and assign to the Prior and brethren of the Order of St. Augustine of Salop a certain stone wall outside the aforesaid town joined to the wall of the said town, with two round towers built upon the aforesaid wall and a certain plat of land lying near the said wall upon the water of Severn contiguous to the residence of the said Prior and brethren, together with a certain crenellated house upon the said wall outside the town and upon some part of the aforesaid plat for the enlargement of the residence of the said Prior and brethren, without damage or prejudice of the lord King himself or of others whomsoever (they be) and without any hurt to the town of Salop. And they say thot the aforesaid wall without the town and the aforesaid plat of land contain in length twenty perches and the aforesaid plat of land out- side the wall contains in width two perches. And they say that the aforesaid wall and the aforesaid plat of land are worth nothing by the year because the aforesaid water of Severn commonly overflows the wall and plat aforesaid.
In testimony whereof the aforesaid Jurors to this inquisi- tion have placed their seals.
(Sept. 26th, 1343, 17th Edw. III.).
ii4
THE AUGUSTIN IAN FRIARS, SHREWSBURY.
[The entry respecting this in the printed Calendar says : — ] 23 The King to grant a stone wall with two round towers and adjacent land outside Shrewsbury to the Prior and Augustinian friars there.
"5
ON THE LIBRARY OF MORE CHURCH, SALOP. By the Rev. W. G. CLARK-MAXWELL M.A., F.S.A.
In the Tower of the Church of More are preserved some 250 volumes presented to the Parish in 1680 by Richard More of Linley, with the object of teaching the minister sound doctrine." The deed establishing the Library is probably still in existence, though its present whereabouts is unknown. It seems to have been in the hands of Mr. G. I). Harrison of Welshpool, in 180/, and Subsequently for a time in the possession of the late Mr. R. Jasper More, M.P. The following summary of its contents is due to the kindness of the Rev. E. W. Cockell of Eriswell Rectory, Suffolk, and Rector of More from 1888 to 1901.
" Directions were given that the books should be kept in the Church and read there, and should not be taken out of the Church by anyone except Richard More himself, he reserving to himself the right to take out any of the books for a period not exceeding a month at a time." Richard More presented not only the books, but presses in which to keep them, prob- ably the same as still serve that purpose, though evidently altered and (apparently) cut down. There have been made at different times, two if not more catalogues of the books, fragments of which, once pasted to the inner sides of the press doors, were found at the bottom of the shelves, but one cannot definitely pronounce that even the older of these is as early as 1680.
The catalogue; now printed in the Society's Transactions has been prepared by the Rev. Ridley Reiton, Rector of More, and the present writer. An attempt was made to reproduce the old classification, but the traces of this were found to be too fragmentary and indistinct to be a safe guide, and therefore the arrangement adopted has been purely chronological, the books being set down in the order of the
Vol. VI., 3rd Scries. If
Il6 ON THE LIBRARY OF MORE CHURCH, SALOP.
date of their printing, with notes where required as to former owner, etc.
There do not appear to be any books of special rarity in the collection, but a number of considerable interest, princi- pal among which may perhaps be reckoned part of the Sarum Breviary, printed at Antwerp in 1525. There are also now on the shelves copies of the 161 1 Bible, of Erasmus' Paraphrase and Jewel's Apology and Answer to Harding, but the first was certainly, and the others probably, part of the necessary outfit of every church. The same remark applies to the 177b Prayer Book, which cannot, of course, have formed part of the original collection.
Amongst the names of the former owners of the volumes, those of most frequent occurrence are " Thos. Pierson " and " Christopher Harvey," the latter in a very beautiful hand- writing, and usually in the formula, familiar to us trorn its use by Grolier, " Chr. Harvey et amicorum."
Thomas Pierson was, no doubt, " the famous Mr. Pierson of Brampton Bryan, the founder of lectures in these parts," as the biographer of Gualter Stephens, incumbent for fifty- three years of Bishop's Castle, styles him. These two clergy- men, with Thomas Froysell, minister of Clun, Sir Robert Harley of Brampton Bryan, Richard More of More,1 and in a less degree Humphrey Walcot of Walcot, were staunch up- holders of the Puritan way of thinking, and it is easy to understand how some of Pierson's books came into More's possession. Concerning Christopher Harvey, we learn from the article in the Dictionary of National Biography that he was a. poet, and author ol " The Synagogue," verses in imitation of (icorge Herbert's " Temple," and printed in some editions ot that work. We also find that he published in 1047 an edition of Thomas Pierson's " Excellent encouragements against Afllictions." It seems a probable conjecture' that llai ve) acquired some of Pierson's books, ami that from him the)' passed, with some of his own, to Richard More.
It is quite possible that some ot the earlier printed books formed pari ot the possessions of the dissolved Augustinian Priory of Chirbury, though direct evidence on this point is
1 The grandfather of the donor of the Library.
ON THE LIBRARY OF MORE CHURCH, SALOP.
not forthcoming. This would apply more specially to the Commentaries of Haymo, which we know were directed to he read during meal times, in the houses of Austin Canons. The purpose assigned for the donation of the Library heing "to teach the minister sound doctrine," there is a laudable diversity in the theological position of the authors included ; not only Calvin and Beza, but Jerome, Thomas Aquinas, Melchior Cano, Jewel, Arminius, and Chillingworth find themselves in company on the shelves, and it argues much for Mr. Richard Morc's confidence in the security of his theological position, as well as in the discre- tion of the ministers of More, that he should have included controversial works on the Roman side, if indeed he was aware of their contents !
'1 he books are now well cared for, but have in some instances suffered formerly from damp.
'1 he books belonging to Thos. Pierson are distinguished thus (f), those to Harvey by an asterisk (*),
CATALOGUE OF THE LIBRARY AT MORE.
Paulus de Sancta Maria. Strasburg, c. 1470
Dorbelli Sermones. Lugduni, 1490 Thomas Aquinas, Commentary on S. Paul's Epistles.
Basileae, 1495
Johannes de Trittehem, De Scriptoribus,etc. Basileas, T494 Alexander FabriciusAnglus, Destructorium Vitiorum
Parisiis, 1497
Antonii de Rampegolis, Figure Biblie. Parisiis, 1506
joannis Sarisburicnsis, Policratici Cqntcnta. Parisiis, 1513
Nicolai de Orbellis. Parisiis, 1517. *Abraham de Halmis, Hebrew-Latin Grammar.
Venetiis, 1523. Portiforum scu Breviarum ad usuin Sarisb. (pars
estivalis). Antwerpias, 1525.
Frobenius Concordantia; Hebraicae. Basileae, 1526.
Sebastian M mister; Proverbia Salomonis. 1524.
Haymonis HoniiJi;*;. 15 3-? (icorgius Trape/untius, Aristotelis Rhetorica.
Parisiis, 1530.
Il8 ON THE LIBRARY OF MORE CHURCH, SALOP.
Haymonis in Pauli Epist. Interpretatio. Colonic, 1531.
Haymonis in Apooalypsin.. Parisiis, 1531.
Thomas Aquinas, In quatuor Evangelia. Parisiis, 1532.
Philostratus Lemnius, De vita Apollonii. Coloniae, 1532.
Blondii Flavii, Dc Roma Triumphante. Parisiis, 1533.
Budscus, Annot. in Pandectas. Basiled, 1534.
R. Barus, Vitae Roman. Pontificum. Witebcrga;, 1536.
Euripidis Tragediae. Basiled, 1537.
Des. Erasmi Tomus II. in Epistolas. ,, 1539-
Elias Judaeus, Accentum Hebraicorum. 1 539.
Wolfgang Capitonis, Responsiode Missa. Argcntorati, 154°.
*Rodolplii Agricolai dc Invcntione, etc. Parisiis, 1542.
Erasmus, Paraphrase of N.T. Vol. I. London, 1543- *Paulus Fagius, Compendiaria in linguam Hebr.
Constantia?, 1543- Thomas Aquinas, Comm. in Septem Epistolas.
Parisiis, 1543. Hieronymus Wildenbergius, Totius Philosophic
Digestio. Basileae, 1546.
Biblia Tigurina. ^S0.
Clemens Alexandrinus, Omnia opera. Florentiae, 1551.
F. Joannes Costerius, De veritate corporis. Lovainii, 155 1.
H. Broughtonius, Oratio ad Genevenses. Moguntiae, 1551. Heinrichii Pantaleonis Chronographia Ecclesic
Basiled, 1551. Benedictus Vernierus, Magnum et universale, etc.
Parisiis, 1554.
J. M. Verati Super sermone Domini. Vcnetiis, 1554.
*fMusculus in Genesin. Basileae, 1554.
Sebastianus Castalio, Sibyllina Oracula. ,, J555.
Concordantiarum Hebr. Capita. „ 1556.
Johannes Baleus, Scriptorum Illustrium. 1557*
Phrases Hebraic^. 1558.
Synesii Epistohe. „ 1558.
L. Apulcii de asino aureo libr. I — VI. ,, 15^0. John Bale, a declaration of Edmund Bonner's
articles, etc. London, 1561.
fjoh. Sleidani de Statu Religionis. 1561.
Maistei Hugh Latimer, Sermons London, 1562.
tMusculus in Genesin. Basiled, 1 5^-2.
I
|
ON THE LIBRARY OF MORE CHURCH, SALOP. |
119 |
|
|
*Forerius in Isaiam. |
Venetiis, |
|
|
M. Joannes Arundo, de Religione Sacrosancta. |
||
|
Colonic, |
T - A -j IDt)3- |
|
|
Calvinus Hnrmonia ex tribus EvaiK. |
Geneva ? |
*D°3- |
|
Calvinus in Joannem Commentarius. * |
||
|
*Musculus in Genesin. |
Basilca;, |
|
|
Matt. Flacci dc Scctis. |
||
|
Calvinus in Fauli Epistolas. |
Geneva, |
|
|
Calvinus in Epistolas. |
* > |
t - A- L-)D> |
|
t Musculus in Genesin. |
Basilea:, |
|
|
John Jewel, A Reply to Mr. Harding. |
London, |
|
|
t Musculus in Genesin. |
Basileae, |
|
|
1 Ed. Dering, A Sparing Restraint, etc. |
London, |
|
|
lien. Stephani, Annotationes in Sophocl |
sm. [Paris?] |
150^. |
|
Imm. Tremellii Grammatica Chaldaea. |
||
|
F. Rami Scholarum Mathematicarum. |
Basileae, |
1569. |
|
Cicero de Ofliciis. |
3) |
|
|
John Jewel, Apology of Church of England. London, |
I57°- |
|
|
Isocratis Scripta. |
Basileae, |
t r1 *7A 157°- |
|
Stephani Condones. |
Parisiis, |
I57°- |
|
Joachimi Camerarii, Notatio Figurarum |
Lipsiae, |
1572- |
|
*Fulgentii Opera. |
Antwerp, |
x573- |
|
Tyndal's Works. |
London, |
I573- |
|
Mercer, In librum Job. |
Geneva, |
T573- |
|
Calvin, Sermons on Job. |
London, |
1574- |
|
Declaration of Eccles. Discipline. |
L574- |
|
|
Fagninus. Hebrew Lexicon. |
Lugduni, |
J575- |
|
*Theo. Bezae. Epistohe. |
Geneva, |
I575- |
|
Ludovicus Lavaterus in librum Josue. |
Tiguri, |
!576. |
|
Commentarii de Regno. |
r T ~nh. ■) "l Ljd77 - J |
|
|
Leo Magnus, Opera. |
Lovanii, |
I577- |
|
Ab. Joachim in Jeremiam. |
Colomai, |
r577- |
|
Fetri Canisii Institutiones Christianas. |
Antwcrpiae, |
I57^- |
|
tMusculus in Genesin. |
Basilec'e, |
Tfoo i57«. |
|
I. Knewsub, A Confutation, etc. |
London, |
I579- |
|
John Knewstub, Lectures. |
[London ? ] |
T r'»in J57(> |
|
D. Fulke, D. lleskins, D. Sanders, and |
|{. Restel. |
|
|
I .ondon, |
L579- |
|
|
Calvin's Sermons. |
London, |
L579- |
|
Eiotciiiaki 1 )ii)lec( ict;s( Kd. Me lain I lion). |
Witeber^e, |
120 ON THE LIBRARY OF MORE CHURCH, SALOP.
William Fulke, A Retentive, etc. London, 1580.
P. Rami Scholar, pars V. Francofurti, 158 1.
G. Geuebrardi Chronographia. Colonic, 158 1.
F. Hectoris Pinti, Harmonia Confessionum. Geneva, 1581.
Catechism us cx Decreto, etc. . Colonic, 15S 1.
W. Fulke, A Rejoinder, etc. London, 158 1.
Lauaterus in Ezechielem. Geneva, 1 5 8 1 .
Gul. Whi taken Confutation etc. Parisiis, 1582.
F. Hectoris Pinti, In Ezechielem. Antweipia;, 15S2. Sebast. Muns'teri Evangelium sec. Matthajum et ad
Hebneos. Basileaj, 1582.
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ON THE LIBRARY OF MORE CHURCH, SALOP. 12 1
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Joh. Piscator, Expositio Brevis Dictorum. 1
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Nic. Frischiini Ilebneis. Argentorati, A599.
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Parish's, 1-599
122 ON THE LIBRARY OF MORE CHURCH, SALOP.
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Ff Feuardentii Epistola prima Petri. Parisiis, 1600.
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S. Vincentii Lerinensis Adversus prophanas.
Colonic, 1600.
Th. Cooper, The Wonderful Mysterie, etc. London, 16 —
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Ven. Bedai Eccles. Historian Libri. V. Colonial, 1601.
H. H. Works of Si. Richard Greenham. London, 1601.
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D. Hieronymus, De Sancta Fide. Francofurti, 1602.
The Second Parte of the Defence, etc. 1603.
Tremellius, Biblia Sacra (O.T.) Hanovia1, 1603.
Daniel Heinsius, Theocriti carmina. 1G04.
fPiscator in Exodum. Herbornie, 1605.
Thomas Lydiat, De Variis annorum formis. Londini, 1605.
Nicodemi Frischlini Orationes. Argentorati, 1605.
Matthew Kellison, A Survey of the new Religion.
Doway, 1605.
R. P. Martini Becani Euchiridion. Moguntiai, 1636.
Bishop of Chichester, a Sermon. London, 1606.
Antony Wotton, a Defence of Mr. Perkins. ,, 1606.
Dan. C remei Schola Prophetica. Hamburgi, 1606.
Nic. lrrischlini Methodus Declamandi. Argentina), 1606.
W. Crashaw, Romish Forgeries. London, 1606.
Dominici Baudii Pocmata. Lugduni, 1607.
Gasperi Peuceri Commentaries de Pnecipius.
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Rodolph. Hospiniani deOrigine, LibcrUnus. Tiguii, 1607.
Dan. Creiner Schola Prophetica (3 vols.) Hamburgi, 1008.
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Apocalypsis per Thomam Brightmannum.
Francofurti, 1609*
Jacobi Armiriii Disputationes. Lugduni, 1610.
Daniell Price, The Defence of Truth. Oxford, 1610.
Dominicus Baudius Monita. Leydoe, 161 r.
ON THE LIBRARY OF MORE CHURCH, SALOP. 12^
Bible (A". James, p rob. Church Bible). London, 1611.
J. Jewel, Works. London, i6tt.
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Theophrasti Characteres, ed. Casaubon. Lugduni, 1612.
Rod. Hospinianus De Origine liber unusi Tiguri, 1612.
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Erasmi Sidclmanni de Prosodia. Francofurti, 1612.
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Indecorum'. Londini, 1613.
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Isaac Casaubon, De Rebus Sacris. Londini, 1614.
Joh. Buxtorfi Lexicon Hebraicum. Basilea?, 1615.
God's Arraignment of Hypocrites. Cambridge, 1615.
Sam. Crooke, Three Sermons. London, 1615.
Marcus Antonius, De Dominis. Londini, 1616.
John Downame, A treatise of Beneficence. London, 1616. M. Nic. Olschlegelii Scholarum Privatarum Gera? ad
Elystrum. 1616.
William Perkins, His Works (2 vols.) Cambridge, 1616.
R. Rogers, Seuen Treatises. London, 1616.
M. Antonius, De Republica Ecclesiastica. London, 1617.
I. Selden, History of Tithes. 1618.
T. Bradwardinus, De Causa Dei, etc. London, 1618.
Samuel Ward, Balme from Gilead. London, 161 8.
Thos, Cartvvright, A Confutation of the Rhemists. 1618.
Samuel Ward, The Life of Faith. London, 1621.
Jos. Hall, Contemplations, Vol. VI. 1022.
John Yates, A Modell of Divinitie. „ 1622.
[oscph Hall, Cohimba N011V. Londini, 1624.
Thorn. Erpenii Arcanum Punctationis. Lugduni, 1624.
Henry Mason, Christian Humiliation. London, 1625.
Thomas Jackson, on Unbelief, etc. ,, 1625. Stephen Nettles, An Answer to the Jewish part of
Mr. Selden's History of Tithes. Oxford, 1025. James Ussher, An Answer to a Challenge, etc.
London, 1625.
124 0N THE LIBRARY OF MORE CHURCH, SALOP.
F. Rous, The Doctrine of King James. ,, 1626.
Sam. Wardus Theologi Magnas Britannia.1. Londoni, 1627. Thomas Jackson, The Holy Catholic Faith, etc.
London, 1627
William Pemble, A Plea for Gcace. ,, 1627.
Hildersam Lectures. 1628.
Gul. Amesius, Coronis ad Collationem. Londini, 1630.
pMede] Clavis Apocalyptica. Cantabrigue, 1632.
Joannes Davenantius Determinationes. Cambridge, 1034.
John Harmer, Greek-Latin Lexicon. Oxford, 1634.
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and 1G64.
Samuel Hudson, The Essence and Unity, etc.
London, 1045. Brian Walton, Biblia Sacra Polyglotta (6 vols.)
London, 1657. Matt. Polus, Synopsis Criticorum S. Scriptura.
London, 1669.
Prayer Book (probably for Church). Oxford, 177b.
The following books are undated : —
John Northbrook, Poor Man's Garden. London.
NoweH's Catechism.
Henry Burton, The Seven Vials.
A Demonstration of Discipline.
Jo. Mercerius, Commentarii in Prophetas.
Bishop Bilsoifs Christian subjection.
Jineas Sylvius, Comm. tie Concilio Basilea;.
Sephev Michlol (i.e. liber perfections).
U ppi-;k AilLichope- - En i range
125
UPPER MILLICHOPE. By ft G. HOPK-KDWARDES.
The ancient house at Upper Millichope, situate in the parish of Eaton-under-Haywood, about six miles from Church Stretton, and ten from Much Wenlock is, without doubt, the oldest domestic building in Shropshire, and presents many interesting architectural features which, as Eyton says in h\s Antiquities of Shropshire, are well worth the notice of antiquaries.
In 1881, a correspondent of Salopian Slireds and PateJies, signing himself " \V. B.," wrote of the old house at Millic- hope as follows : — "^Hidden in an opening whicri runs from that most beautiful of Shropshire dales, A pedal e, to its sister valley, Corvedale, are the remains of an old, a very old, manor house — Upper Millichope. Everything that is left of the building is most interesting, and in a capital state of pre- servation— happily, free from all attempts at restoration. It appears to be older than Stokesay, as old, probably, as the manor house in Acton Burriell Park, the gables of which are still standing. The windows — double-headed, with a wide inside spray — afford a large recess with seats, and are very interesting, and from' the outside very beautiful. I have looked carefully into most local books that treat on such matters, but can find no information about the old house; perhaps some of your correspondents may know something
of It ?
The house, though already well known to Shropshire anti- quaries, had, perhaps, not been sufficiently noticed and described. Mr. William Phillips replied to " W. 15." at some length in Shreds ami Patches; and he afterwards, at different times, collected various notes and quotations about the old house and about the early history of Millichope, Upper and Lower, and intended them for an article in the
Vol. VJI. , 3rd Series. 'Q
126
UPPER MILLI.CHOPE.
Shropshire Archaeological Society's Transactions, to illustrate some excellent photographs taken by Mr. H. Hughes, but he eft them incomplete at his death. They are here formed, with a few additional details, and a continuation, into one narrative :—
" This old house consists of three storeys, one room only on each floor. The two lower storeys are of stone ; the third of timber, with wattle and daub. It is roofed with shingles, or tile stones. It is entered on the west, under a round- headed arch, with ball-flower moulding. This is conceived to be a later insertion,1 at the time when the upper portion of the west wall was partly rebuilt, as it appears to have been. On the right of the entrance is an original round-headed window which, like the others in the north and east sides, is small, but widely splayed inwards. The walls are remarkably thick, like those of a castle or fort, and must have been simply impregnable to all military devices likely to be brought against them at the time. The north wall is four feet four inches thick, that on the south six feet, that on the west five feet four inches. On entering the room on the ground floor, it will be seen how little provision was made for lighting, that being sacrificed to obtain the greatest security.
" The staircase to the room above was worked into the massive wall in the south-west corner of the house, but only a few of the stone steps remain in the upper part. There are indications of no less than three strong doors having once existed at different points on the staircase, fastened with bolts, the middle one having a massive wooden bar, which passes through the wall of the room into the outer wall on the opposite side of the staircase.- Some antiquaries have supposed that the lowest storey was used in war-like times for the purpose of securing the cattle when in danger, while the upper storeys formed the dwelling-place of the family ; this, however, is an improbable theory, as the space would be far too restricted for such a purpose ; and also there would,
1 tt is evidently composed of stones worked for an arch of different dimen- ■ si jus, from the irregularity of the intervals at which the ball-flower ornament occurs. — I'J '.
- The three doors are in the thickness of the wall, and t ' i e loopholes by which the a.-;;out i> bathed arc* in a projection. —
I
UPPER MILLICHOPE.
127
probably, have been a strongly-fenced paddock or enclosure adjacent to the house, into which the cattle could be driven for security."
A correspondent of the Salopian and West Midland Illus- trated Joiinnd, Mr. \V. ((. ?) Randal, writing of Upper Millie- hope in 187S, gave a detailed account of a visit to the house, with plans of the ground-floor and windows. He says (inter alia) : -" The roof is covered with the well-known tile-stones of the neighbourhood, which are lichened and tinted into harmony with the scenery around ; their weight has caused the timber to bend and the roof to bulge. A red brick farm- house adjoins the old building on the right, which though by no means very modern, serves to set off the extreme age of its venerable neighbour. Mr. James, the present tenant, kindly allowed us to enter, and accompanied us over the building. A light was necessary to examine the interior, and measure the thickness of the walls. The timber beams supporting the first Hoor are immensely thick and linn, and seem capable of resisting decay for as many hundred years as they have done already.
" The building is longest from north to south, and the windows are few, and narrow outside, but widening inwardly, apparently for strength and safety ; and the whole outline of the ground-plan has the appearance of a miniature fort erected for defence.
" The interior must have been extremely dark ; neverthe- less, it contains a tire-place, and was, probably, the public room. As this house stands on the borders of Wales, and security was the chief consideration, the staircase, from the thickness of the walls, was safer inside than on the exterior, and is piaced in the south-west corner wall. It was lighted at the top by a small loophole worked through the wall. The upper, or first-floor, room was larger than the lower, the west wall being here much thinner. This was, most likely, the family apartment, and was lighted by two windows — on the north and east. There is a dark space near the staircase which, seen by candle light, gives the impression that it may have served as a chapel for the dependents, and have had a separate approach from the outside.
"The third, and upper, storey probably served the purpose
128
UPPER MILLICHOPE.
of a sleeping apartment. It has two small windows, with shutters, but they do not appear to have been glazed." 1
As to the reason given by Mr. Randall for the unusual pre- cautions taken for security, namely, the nearness to the border of Wales, Mr. Phillips remarks that such an explanation is improbable, the distance from the Welsh border (18 miles) being too great ; and even in the time of Off a the Welsh had been driven back beyond the Dyke which bears his name. The fortress-like character of the dwelling was more likely, he thinks, to have been necessitated by the animosity between the Saxon possessors and their Norman conquerors, the former being always ready when opportunity offered to do any despite they could to the occupiers of the land of their forefathers; and, as we shall see further on, that the house was probably the residence ol the head forester of the Long Forest, any bands of marauders who infested these solitary and thinly inhabited woodlands would naturally consider this head forester as their natural enemy, and be only too glad to raid his dwelling if it were not made too strong for them to attempt it.
As to the probability of the dwelling 'containing a chapel, Eyton tells us that there appears to have once been a chapel of Upper Millichope, though he tinds only one mention of it, namely, when, in 1331, the Bishop, Thomas de Cherlton, is said to have visited the Prior)- of Wcnlock and examined the Priors' titles to the Church of Eaton (under Haywood), and the " Chapel of Millingchop," and pronounced them sound. Eyton, however, mentions it as though not inside the house, as he suggests that the round entrance arch already mentioned may have been formed of some of the stones of this chapel — V now destroyed."
As to the use to which the ground-floor room may have been put, Mr. Phillips says that it was possibly employed for skinning, dressing, and hanging the venison, which the head forester was, as we know, bound to supply to the Priory of Wenlock, and which might often be wanted at short notice ; and the ingenious idea strikes him that " the enormously thick walls would make the room in every way suitable for
1 The curious window fastenings on the first floor (a wooden bar in n groove), are well shown in Mi. Hughes' photograph, ho. ,
Upper /Aillicho'pe Upstairs Window.
i
UPPER MILLICHOPE.
such a purpose, affording an equable temperat ure all the vear round."'
Passing from the description of the house to the early his- tory of Millichope, we find its Domesday record, as given by Eyton in His Antiquities oj Shropshire, is as follows : — " Helgot holds Melicope of Earl Roger (de Montgomery). Gamei held it (in Saxon times) and was free." It appears also from Eyton that soon after Domesday (1086), it was granted by Earl Roger to the Priory of Wenlock in exchange for Eard- ington ; and Eyton considers that, ow ing to this transfer, Upper and Lower Millichope, which had formerly belonged to Munslow parish, were ecclesiastically separated — Lower Millichope remaining in Munslow, while Upper Millichope was included in the parish of Eat o n - u n d er- 1 1 ay wood , which belonged to the Fief of St. Milburg (subsequently the Priory of Wenlock). In these two parishes they stiil respectively remain. Eyton also says that " the feoffees of the Manor of Upper Millichope became hereditary foresters of that vast jurisdiction, which, in its original state, was known as the Long Forest. They were, therefore, immediate servants of the Crown ; and their names not infrequently appear on public occasions. I have little doubt that the old building, though it stood in the Prior of Wenlock's fee, was more per- tinent to the tenant's position as King's Forester— that it was, in fact, the lodge of the hereditary foresters of the Long Forest." The proceeds of the parish of Eaton-imder-Haywood, which included Upper Millichope, were devoted to the main- tenance of the " monks' kitchen " of Wenlock Prior)'. The tithes of Eaton, and of Millichope and Hunger ford, were all receivable by the kitchener, and (with others he enumerates) made a total of £14 14s. ^d. The share of Millichope and HungerFord was £1 10s. od.
The Long Forest, already several times mentioned in this paper, formerly extended for more than seventeen miles through the heart of South Shropshire, commencing near Craven Arms and extending to the banks of the Severn near Ruildwas. The limestone ridge, called Wenlock Edge, forms the backbone of tlii^ district. From it the forest extended to variable distances north and south, the boundaries being carefully defined by periodical perambulations.
UPPER MILLICHOPE.
Millichope may be said to have stood about equi-distant from the two extremities, and less than a mile from the Roman road which runs through Shropshire. Eyton says that in 1255 a jury was impanelled to enquire whether the Forester of the Long Forest kept, or suffered others to keep, goats in the forest. They answer that *' the Forester himself keeps no goats, but he allows others to keep them in their own boses in the forest, as they have always been used to do, except in the fence month." I le also says ; •— " Geoffrey de Pychford, Seneschal of all the forests of Shropshire, and John FitzHugh, Capital Forester, presented by their Sub- Forester that Peter dc Yaux and other dependants of John le Strange, captured a stag near Millichope Mill ; and the people of Millichope and other vills, nut attending to defend themselves, were put down for censure for their default."
At the great and final perambulation, held on June 6th, 1300, and ratified by Edward I., February 14th, 1301, the following vills which had belonged to the Long Forest jurisdiction were declared to be disforested — k£ Little and Upper Millichope, two messuages in Hungerford, half the vill of Shipton, half of Brocton, two fields of Patton, two messuages of liourton, hall of Cressage, Harnage Grange, Lutwych, Rushbury, East-Wall, Eaton-undcr- Haywood, Ticklerton."'
It will be seen that Millichope Mill is mentioned. No mill now exists at Upper Millichope; but one might well have formerly been there, as close to the fold-yard two streams join ; and there is a natural rock which might have served as a dam to store sufficient water to turn it. The Rev. \V. G. D. Fletcher says, speaking of the house : — " Opposite to the house lies the pond close, in which, tradition says, the old mill stooa1 ; and the place where the stream was dammed up is still visible. The local legend asserts that the last miller killed a deer as it was crossing the dam, for which offence he was hanged, after which the mill was destroyed and never afterwards occupied. Two millstones are still lying outside the house." 1
Tiiese arc now used us stone steps. — Va>.
t Ah I 5 I D £
UPPER MILLICHOPE.
The name Millichope suggests the existence of a mill ; and Eyton, speaking of the derivation of the word, says : — " The Saxon word mylen and the British word melin both signify a mill ; while millyn (British) is a violet- The various spell- ings make the etymology of the word uncertain ; I have given what 1 believe to be the alternatives." Hope is gener- ally considered to mean a valley, or a slope between ridges of mountains. It is a very common suffix in Shropshire ; and Mr. Phillips counts up six places besides Millichope,1 and all in the same district, w hich have it — Wilderhopc, Dinchope, Priesthope, Easthope, Westhope, and Middlehope ; and alco three which have it as a prefix — Hope-ay, Hope Bagot, and Hope Bawdier.
The later history of Upper Millichope has not been easy to trace, but it appears probable that when it ceased to be a fief of Wenlock Prior)' — most likely about the time of the Disso- lution of Monasteries —it passed, by marriage, through the Hare well family, to that of Carington, whom we find, in the reign of Henry VHP, in possession of the Aston Hall estate, of which Upper Millichope formed part. I have permission to quote the following information from S. H. Petre, Esq., who has examined the title deeds of the Aston Hall estate. He says :
" I believe the Aston Hall estate came into the Carington family at the same time as the Wootton Wawen estate [in Warwickshire. — El).], namely, by the marriage of Ann, daughter and heiress of John Harewell, of Wootton Wawen, with John Smith, otherwise Carington, who, in the reign of Henry VIII., was a Baron of the Exchequer. At any rate, his descendant, Sir Charles Smith, Kt., otherwise Carington, who, on the 31st of October, 1043, was created Lord Caring- ton of Wootton Wawen, and on the 4th of November follow- in:;, Viscount Carington in the Peerage of Ireland, was in possession 61 both estates.
''He had a son, Francis, the second Baron, who left no issue, and the estates passed to Const intia Carington, a grand-daughter of PYancis Carington, brother of the first
1 Or, takiiv; the last syllable to be chopc, an old signification of chop or chap, a cleft or -a possible dcsciiplion o( a deep v.illey amongst hills. — Ko.
132
UPPER M.ILLICIIOPE.
Lord Carington. [She was daughter of Francis (son of Francis, brother of the fust Lord) by his wife Audrey Attwood. Burke's Landed Gentry gives her as ' Constantia of Aston, who inherited the family estates from her uncle William, last male heir of this branch.'- —El).]
"Constantia married twice — first, John Wright, of Kel- vedon, in Fssex, w ho left a son, John Wright ; and, secondly, Peter Hoi fonj, by whom she had a daughter, Catherina Maria, who married Sir Edward S my the, of Acton Burnell, fifth Baronet, and died 1831. In the year 1778 these two estates were held in undivided moieties by John Wright, the son of Constantia Carington, and Catherina Maria Holford, daughter also of Constantina Carington by Peter Holford ; and in the same year there was a division, and the Aston Hajl estate passed to the Wright family, and the Wootton Wawen estate to the Smythes of Acton Burnelh
I may mention that John Smith, Baron of the Exchequer, (aireadv mentioned), is said to have been a descendant of John Carington, who, in the reign of Henry IV., having sup- ported the cause of Richard II., went abroad and assumed the name of Smith, and that this John Carington was descended from Sir Michael Carington, who was standard- bearer to Richard I. in Holy Land."
[His effigy, " The Carington Crusader/' is in the Church of St. John the Baptist, Chester. -En.]
Descent of Constantia Cakington.
Sir Francis Smith, died 1629^ -Anne Mark hum.
Charles, ist Viscount Carington, =j=Elizat>eth cr. 1643, died [664. I Caryll.
Francis Smith, =j (alias Carington).
Elizabeth [? surname]
Francis, -'ml Viscount Carington. d.s.p. 1701.
Ch.u les, 3rd
Francis Smith, j -Audrey ;iii;is Curing- Attwood. ton.
William
Francis Smith, alias Carington^ -Catherine Southcote.
UPPER MILLICHOPE.
133
The name of John Smythe, Esq., appears in connection with Wenlock Abbey in an entry at the Public Record Office under : —
Ministers Accounts, Salop, 32—33 Henry VIII., No. 100.
" The lands and possessions of the late Monastery of Wenlock, in the county of Salop, dissolved.
" Accounts of all and singular the Bailiffs, Fanners, Reeves, &C, of all the kinds and tenements and other possessions whatsoever as well spiritual as temporal to the said late Monaster)' formerly pertaining and now being in the hand of the Lord the King by reason of the surrender of the same by the late Abbot and Convent, namely, for one entire year from the Feast of St. Michael the Archangel, in the 32nd year of the reign of King Henry VIII. until the Feast of St. Michael in the 33rd year of the same King.
Manor of Eton with its Members.
" Account of John Hill and Nicholas Webbe, collectors of the rents there for the time aforesaid. [Rents of Assize.) They render account of 30s., the chief rent of John Smythe, Esqr., in Mylthorpe,1 to be paid to the lordship there by the year. (Fees and Stipends.) The same account, in the Fee of the same John Hill, the accountant, to whom John Crassagc> late Abbot of Wenlock, and the Convent of the same place, 28 April, 30 Henry VIM., gave and granted the office of Bailiff, or collector of the rents of the lordships or manors of Eton, Great Milicnchop, and Little Miilenchop, &c. (6 li.)"
In i(S(j6, E. Carington Wright, Esq., of Kclvcden, Essex, who then held Upper Millichope, sold it to Captain Henry John Beckwith, 53rd Regiment, who also purchased Millie- hope Bark (i.e., the Lower Millichope estate), from the Childc- IVmbcrton family ; so thai the two Upper and Lower Millichope — are now, as originally, one property.
I subjoin a few notes on Lower Millichopl.
Lower Millichope, a mile and a half from Upper Millichope, and in Munslow parish, was, as before mentioned, exchanged by Earl Roger for Eardiston, in tin; year 1086 (Eyton). It
1 Q. -Myllichope ? — Ki>, Vol. VII., Series.
134
UPPER MILLICHOPE
was from earl)- times in the possession of the family of More, who owned large estates in the Wenloek and Bishop's Castle neighbourhoods. Camden says : — " Sir Thomas de la More* son of Thomas,, who came from Normandy with Duke William, built fair houses at Launceston, in Cornwall ; Halton, in Cheshire ; and More, in Shropshire, giving to the latter place his paternal name." Part of the Shropshire estate, including More, Lin ley ' Mall. &c, still belongs to them. John Se la More was Sheriff of Shropshire in the reign of Edward the Third for the years 1367, 136S, and 1369 (see Blake way's Sheriffs of Shropshire,, where the family is thus mentioned) : — " The family of More is of very great antiquity in the Count)' of Salop, deriving their name from the parish of More, near Lydham. The pedigree commences with Richard de Mora, whose son of the same name had three sons — Roger de la More, William, and Richard (a priest). Roger Lord of Mora witnesses a deed of 1291, whereby the Abbot of Maghmond and the Prior and Religious of Chirbury, come to an agreement concerning Mucklewich, in the parish of Missington, and appears to be the same who married Alice, daughter of Adam de Montgomery, Lord of the Manor of Lydham ....
William had two sons, also called Roger and William, the former of whom appears to be the first who acquired property in Corvedale. By the name of Roger de la Morehouse he appears as a feoffee of the Manor of Patton in 1350. Mis nephew William continued the line, and was grandfather of John More, living in 1452, who was father of William and Richard More. The latter was great-grandfather of Charles More of Millichope (who married Anne Burton of Longner), who was great-grandfather of Thomas More of Millichope, mentioned under the year t 777 as father of Thomas, Leighton, and John."
It is not known when a branch of the family first resided at Millichope, but in the Munslow parish registers there*"are some early mentions of them, namely : —
Wyllyam More was buryd the xi Februarie 1537 Elizt!' More, dau of Rob1 More chrystenyd 1541 Mr. Wm. Lakyn & Anne More, mar. Feb. 5 1546 Charles s. of Tho. More of Lower Millichapp, 1575
UPPER MILLICHOPE.
135
The last entry is —
Mrs Katherine More bur. Dec. 29 1792 One member of the family built a hne black and white tim- bered hall, of which Mrs. Stackhouse,-Acton, in Castles and Mansions, says :--
" Milliehopc was another mansion of the Mores. It is not known when it was built. John More, w ho lived in the reign of Henry VII., had two sons, of whom William, his heir, suc- ceeded to More and Lard en ; and Richard, the younger, was ancestor of the branch settled at Milliehopc. (diaries More was living there in 1607. His descendant, Thomas More, survived his three sons, and at his death his estates were divided between his two daughters and co-heiresses. The old house was taken down about thirty years ago [1843. — Ed.], and the deer park destroyed."
In some old sketches and prints the old black and white house has a Georgian front added to it. The grounds are very extensive, and in wild and beautiful scenery. In one spot is a cenotaph, erected in memory of the two sons of Thomas More, of whom I quote as follows from IMakeway's Sheriffs of SJiropsliive : —
" John More, Major in the 79th Regiment, son of Thomas More, of Millichope. This gallant officer, serving under Sir William Draper in the memorable expedition against the Phillipines, was slain at the storming of the city of Manilla, on the 6th of October, 17O2, in the 42nd year of his age. To whose memory, with that of his elder brother, Leighton More, a spirited young lieutenant on board the Burford man- of-war, who died at sea of fatigues incurred in his professional career May Oth, ly \ \, in the 25th year of his age, an elegant temple of the Ionic order is erected in the garden at Millic- hope. There was yet another brother, Thomas, the eldest, who died of a pleurisy, in 1786. And their unhappy father, then (So years of age, alter ineffectually solacing his grief for the loss of his three sons by little memorials to their virtues scattered up and down in the grounds of his seat at Millic- hope, died — worn down with anguish and affliction."
The last " More " owner of Millichope was Katherine, sister of the three brothers above mentioned, and daughter of Thomas More by his wile Margaret Kynnersley. She mar-
7 ]C) UPPER MILLICHOPE.
tied her cousin, Robert More1, of Linley, More, and Larden, and after surviving him twelve years died without children in 1792, leaving her estate at Millichope to a distant relation — Thomas Pemberton (second son of Thomas Pemberton, of Wrockwardine, lawyer), the grandson of her great aunt, Mary Leighton. (See pedigree.)
From the Sheriffs of Shropshire I quote some part of the notice of the Pemberton fa mil 5' : —
" Edward Pemberton, sheriff 1754.
" Robert Pemberton, son of John Pemberton, of Wrock- wardine, by his wife fane Gardner, of Sansaw, had five sons, of whom Edward, sheriff 1754, was the eldest. Robert, the second, was an eminent solicitor at Shrewsbury. This Robert had a son, Thomas, barrister-at-law and Recorder of Wenlock, who inherited Millichope in 1792, by will from Mrs. Catherine More, widow of her cousin Robert More, of Linley."
At his death he left Millichope to his nephew [son of his younger brother, Robert, by his wife Sarah Lloyd]. This nephew, the Rev. Robert Norgrave Pemberton, rector of Church Stretton, pulled down the old black and white hall, and built t lie present Italian house. He married Caroline Pechel, and died 184S without children, leaving Millichope to his cousin, Charles Childe (son of W. L. Childe, of Kinlet, by his wife Harriet Pemberton. See pedigree). Charles Childe assumed the name of Pemberton. His son, Charles Childe-Pemberton, sold Millichope, in 1S96, to Captain John Henry Beckwith, 53rd Regiment, the present owner.
Subjoined is a pedigree drawn out by Mrs. Baldwyn Childe, giving more details of the descent of Millichope : —
Descent of Lower Millichope (More, Pemberton, Childe,
Beckwith).
John Leighton of Leighton, died 1680-pSarah, .dan. of Rowland Lea, died 169S.
I
« I
1 In Burke's Landed Gentry, Catherine is given as second wife to Robert More as follows : -"Mr. Robert More married first Ellen, d. of Thomas Wilson, of Trevallyn, 1750, and had by her two sons, Thomas and Robert. t Secondly, Catherine, d. of Thomas More, of Millichope d.s.p. 1792."
UPPER MILLICHOPE.
137
I
*Mary Leighton m. John Pemberton of Wrock- wardine.
Richard Leighton, of=pElizabeth, dau. of Anthony
Leighton, Sheriff 1695, died I7I5-
Kynncrslcy, of Wrickton, died 1743, aged 83.
John Leighton of Leighton, d.s.p. 1 7 16, aged 23.
Richard Leighton of Leighton, She- riff 1726, d.s.p. "733. aged 37, leaving his sisters coh., and with him the male line Leighton of Leigh- ton became extinct.
Elizabeth m. John Stanier of Esford.
Sarah, m. Thomas Kynners- ley of Wrickton. Her son succeeded to Leighton
Mary, d. unmard. and in- testate 1754
Letitia m. John Haynes of Ut- toxeter, <*. J755
Catnerine, d. Rachel, m. Robert Frances unmar. 1726. DavisonoftheBrand d. young d. 1762.
Margaret, sisters-Thomas More
md coh.
I i I
3 sons, who pre-deceased them, and left two daus. and coh., but Rodenhurst (Leighton)and Millichope (More) went to the third, Catherine.
of Millichope.
Catherine, d.s.p. 1792, left Mil-=Robert More lichope and Rodenhurst to the ofLinley[see grandson of her great aunt noteonCath- Mary Leighton (who married enne More — John Pemberton). Ed.] left two
sons, d. 17S0.
*Mary Leighton (dau. of John Leighton^John Pemberton, of Wrockwardine.
I
j
Jane, d. of John Gardner, of Sansaw=pJohn Pemberton, of Wrockwardine.
Martha Cludde, d. —Edward Pemberton, of Wrock- and h. of William 1 wardine, 1st son, born 1727, Cludde (the last | Sheriff 1754, died 1800. Cludde of Orleton) d. 1772.
I I
Ann Nor- grave, d. 1S12.
Robert Pem- berton, 2nd son, d. 1794.
Sarah Lloyd=f=Robeit Pemberton, Thomas Pemberton,
2nd son.
Anna Maria-^p William Pemberton, Jeffries. I who assumed the I name of Cludde, Sheriff 1814, d. 1829.
1st son, d.s. p. suc- ceeded to Millichope
Caroline = Rev. Robert Norgrave Pem-
Pechel
HairLt^pVN illiain Lacon Childe, of d. 1848. I Kinlet, Sheriff 1828.
Harriet, dau. of^pEdward Cludde of Orleton, Sir Geo. Cock- I d. 1840. burn, Bt. | b I
bcrton, Rector of Church Stretton, pulled down the old timber house at Millichope abcut 1845, an^ built the present one ; d 1848, leaving Millichope to his cousin, Charles Childe, who assumed the name of Pemberton.
138
UPPEK MILL1CH0PE.
Annie, only d. and h. She died 1906.
mar. Hon. Robert C. Herbert.
Charles Childe, 3rd son, to whom his cousin, Robert Norgrave Pemberton, bequeathed Millichope and Rodenhurst. He sold Rodenhuist, and his son sold Millichope, which now (1906) belongs to Mr. Beck with.
*39
A TERRIER OF THE PARISH OF DIDDLE BURY, Edited by EVELYN H. MARTIN.
A true Noatc and perfect Terrier of all the Glebe Lands Tennements Tithes rights dutyes and customs belonging to the Vicar of Diddlebury made the two and tvvetttyeth day of April in the year of our Lord One thousand six hundred and thirty seven by Will1" Wigley and William Tyler Church- wardens John Norncott, Gent : John Baldwin, Gent : Fra Pulley, Wm Fosbrooke, Richard Stedman, Adam Price, Clement Downes, Charles Wellings, Michael Duke, Thos Lewis, Gent:, Richd Like, and Thos Turner and passed by Thos Habberly, the now Incumbant. Impremise the mears and bounds of the s'1 Parish begining at Dinchope do extend from thence to Eaton and from thence to Manslow, and from thence to Ditton and from thence to the Clee and from thence to Coldweston and from thence to Stanton Lacy and from thence to Culmington and so to Dinchope aforesaid.
Item the Glebe Lands Teniments Tithes dutyes rights and customs belonging unto the said Vickrage arc as followeth (viz1) —In Corfton one Dwelling-house and Stable and one Barn containing ten bays two Gardens two Orchards and the Chappel Yard.
Item. In Diddlebury one Dwellinghouse with a Barn containing in all four Bays one Garden or Orchard and the Churchyard there And one small Meadow in Corfton con- taining by estimation half an Acre lying on Corve Bank between Pitt Pool and the Highwav leading from Sparch'ats Mill to Corfton aforesaid And AHso Common of pasture in Corftons Wood in the Long Forrest and in the Fields belonging to Corfton and common of Estovers in Corftons Wood. Item The Tithes of all Corn and Grain growing and increasing in the Villages or Hamlets of Cot Iton and Sparch- forcL And the Tielhcs of all Corn ami Grain growing or Vol, VI., 3rd Series, S
I40 A TERRIER OF THE
increasing in the Home Closes in all other parts of the Parish saving and excepting all Land for which any sum of money is paid for and in lieu of Tiethes as is hereafter mentioned by all the time whereof the Memory of Man is not to the contrary there have been paid to the said Vicar and his predecessors certain sums of money Yearly at the Feast of Easter in lieu and recompence of the Tiethe of Milk, Dove- houses Tiethe Hay and other Tiethes as is particularly expressed (viz1) for the Mill called the Batch Mill two shillings yearly And the Mill in the Moore one shilling yearly Ami for two antient Do\ ediouses in Diddlebury afforesaid two pence . yearly for each of them Item in Diddlebury afforesaid for all Tiethe Hay yearly growing and increasing upon the Meadows ami other Grounds of Edward Baldwin Esqr now in the several tenures or occupations of Ed : Baldwin Sibley Glace Thos Child Richd Langford Rich11 Barton \Ym Radnor John Edwards John Ilassford Era* Humfreys Thos Child the younger, Miles Powles John Matthews Thos Norncott W" Eosbrooke Ed. Jones and Miles Powles the younger the sum of three shillings yearly And also for all the Tiethe Hay yearly growing and increas- ing upon the Meadows and Grounds now in the tenure or occupation of Gertrude Baldwin and Thos Norncot and . . . Norncott of Seifton or their assigns one shilling yearly and for all the Tiethe yearly growing and increasing upon the Meadows and Grounds now in the tenure or occupation of \Vm Eosbrooke sixpence yearly And for all Tiethe Hay yearly growing and increasing upon the Meadows and Grounds now in the tenure or occupation of Edward Habberly six pence yearly And for all the Tiethe Hay grow- ing or increasing upon the Meadows and Grounds now in the tenure, or occupation of Miles Powles three pence yearly. And for all the Tiethe Hay yearly growing upon the Meadows and Grounds now in the tenure or occupation of Thos Bishop Thos Mintou Thps Neuel Rich'1 Tomson and part of Pantleys hind one shilling yearly And for all the Tiethe Hey yearly growing and incresing upon the Meadows and Grounds now in the tenure and occupation of Eancellot Palmer fourpence yearly And for all the tiethe I ley yearly growing and incres- ing upon the Meadows and Grounds late in the tenure and
PARISH OK DIDDLEBURY, 1637.
occupation of Morricc Twit and part of Sadlers and Pantleys Land four pence yearly. And for all Tiethe Hay yearly growing and incresing upon the Meadows and Grounds now in the tenure and occupation of George Postern four pence yearly.
In Corfton Item for all Tiethe Hay yearly growing and incresing upon the Meadows and Grounds belonging to the Tenement wherein John Nornscott Gent now dwelleth, six pence yearly And for the Tenement calTd Cardington now also in the tenure ot John Morncott eight pence yearly And for all Tiethe Hay yearly growing and increasing upon the Meadows and Grounds belonging to the Tenement wherein Henry Stedman now dwelleth two pence yearly And for the Tenement the sa Henry Stedman purchased of John Stedman of Aston Gent eight pence yearly And for all the Tiethe Hay yearly growing and increasing upon the Tenement now in the tenure and occupation of Richd Stedman six pence yearly And for all the Tiethe Hay yearly growing and incres- ing upon the tenement now in the tenure or occupation of Thos Stedman called Turpley Hall three pence yearly And for all tiethe hey yearly growing and incresing upon the tenement now in the tenure and occupation of Wni Stedman and Jane Stedman Widdow or one of them eight pence yearly And for all Tiethe hey yearly growing and incresing upon the tenement now in the tenure of Thos Stedman four pence yearly And for all tiethe Hey yearly growing and incresing upon the Tenement now in the 'Tenure and occupa- tion of Elizth Tipton Widdow Six pence yearly And for all Tiethe hey yearly growing and incresing upon the 'Tenement now in the tenure of Charles Parker four pence yearly And for all the 'Tiethe hey yearly growing and incresing upon the tenement now in the tenure of Tho Norncotl lour pence yearly Item for Tythe Hay growing upon the Tenement now in the tenure of W" Price twenty pence yearly And for all tythe Hay growing upon the Tenement now in the Tenure of Thos Teage ten pence yearly And for all Tythe Hay growing upon the Tennemeut now in the tenure of Alice Onions seven pence yearly And for all 'Tythe Hay growing upon the Tenement late in the tenure of Tho Stedman o( the Ylry seven pence 5'early.
142
A TERRIER OF THE
In Aston Item for the Tythe Hay for a Meadow in the Township of Aston called Plimmers Meadow and now in the tenure of Clement Downes and Thos Brown or any one of them one shilling and fourpcnce yearly.
In Sparchford Item for all the Tythe Hay yearly growing and incresing upon the Meadows and Grounds belonging to the Farm in Sparchford now in the tenure and possession of Thob Shepard, Gent, one shilling and sixpence yearly Item for the Tythe Hay growing and incresing upon the Meadows and Lands of W,n Keysel of Hal ford and now in the tenure and possession of Nicholas Tippin one shilling and eight pence yearly and for the Tythe Hay growing upon the Tenement now in the tenure of the said Nicholas Tippin six pence yearly.
In Westhope Item payed by all the Inhabitants of West- hope aforesaid for and in recompence of their Tythe Ha)' the sum of twelve shillings and sixpence yearly Item for the tythe of a Mill now in the tenure of Gerrard Dan net t two shillings yearly.
In Middlehope Item for all Tythe Hay yearly growing and increasing upon the Tenement now in the tenure of John Baldwin or his Assigns one shilling yearly And of all the Hay yearly growing and incresing upon the tenement now in the tenure of Thos Wellings or his Assigns one shilling yearly And for all the Tythe Hay yearly growing and incresing upon the Tenement now in the tenure of Thos Butcher or his assigns one shilling yearly And for all the Tythe Hay yearly growing and incresing upon the Tenement now in the tenure of George Child one shilling yearly And for all the tythe hay yearly growing and increasing upon the Tenement now in (he Tenure of Clement Downes or his Assigns six pence yearly And for the Tythe Hay growing upon the Tenement now in the tenure of Laurence Butcher six pence yearly And for the Tythe of a Mill now in the tenure of Thos Vernold one shilling yearly.
In Peeton Item for all the Tythe Hay yearly growing and incresing in Peeton upon the farm there one shilling yearly And for all the Tythe Hay yearly growing and increasing upon the demanier Lands there eleven shillings yearly And for the Tythe Hay yearly growing and incresing upon the
PARISH OF DIDDLEBURY, 1637.
Tenement now in the tenure of Win Houson nine pence yearly And for all the lythe hay yearly growing and incresing upon the Tenement now in the: tenure of Rich,J Brecknocx ten pence yearly And for all the Tythe hay yearly growing and incresing upon the Tenement now- in the possession of Elinor Scarlet Wklcjqw live pence yearly And for all the Tythe Hay growing and incrcbing upon the Tenement now in the tenure of Rich'1 Steake of the Heath eight pence yearly And for all the Tythe Hay yearly growing and incresing upon the Tenement now in the tenure of Michael Duke six pence yearly And for all the Tythe Hay yearly growing and incresing upon the Tenement now in the Tenure of John Street four pence yearly And for all the Tythe Hay yearly growing and increasing upon the Tenement now in the tenure of Cornelius Rainsons six pence yearly And for all the Tythe Hay yearly growing and increasing upon the Tenement now in the tenure of Thos Smith and Richd Stoake eight pence yearly And for all the Tythe Hay yearly growing and in- creasing upon the Tenement now in the tenure of W,n Higley and called by the name of Corfton Mill live pence Item for the tythe of the sd Mill cail'd Corftons Mill two shillings yearly Item the tythe of a house and Close in Bouldon now in the tenure of George Pickering.
In Bromcroft Item for all the Tythe Hay growing and incresing in Bromcroft yearly upon the Lands tenements thereof now in the tenure and possession of John Lutley Gent ten shillings and two pence yearly Item for all the Tythe Hay yearly growing and incresing upon the two farms in Broncroft Park then in the tenure of Adam Price Gent and coinonly called the Lodge and the other in the possession of Ann Hanson Widdovv W" Parr and Thos Keysel and hecause the Vicar is to have of Adam Littleton Esqr seven shillings yearly Item paid by Adam Price for the: tythe of one Home Close cail'd Hilton three shillings and four pence yearly.
In Great Postern Item for all the Tythe Hay growing and incresing in Great Postern upon the Tenement now in the Tenure of Thos Turner one shilling and four pence yearly Item for all the Tythe Hay growing and increasing upon the Tenement now in the tenure of Ed Smith one shilling and three pence yearly.
i44
A TFRRIER OF THE
Item in Little Postern the Tythe May of a yard called the Kitchen Yard now in the possession of \Ym Morris.
In Krmstrey Park Item all small Tythes due to be paid to the Vickar in kind.
In Saint Margarets Clee [Item for all Tythes coming growing and incresing in Saint Margarets Clce upon the Farm there now in the tenure of Ed Cressett Ks(]r the sum of two shillings yearly.]
In Great Sutton Item for all the Tythe Hay yearly growing and increasing in Great Sutton upon the Tenement now in the tenure of Thos Lewis Gent sixpence yearly And for all the Tythe Hay yearly growing and increasing upon the Tenement now in the Tenure of Ann Lewis Widdow one shilling yearly And for all the Tythe Hay yearly growing and increasing upon the tenement now in the tenure of Thos Sheppard six pence yearly And for at] the Tythe Hay yearly growing and increasing upon the Tenement now in the tenure of Charles Wellings sixpence yearly And for all Tythe Hay growing and increasing upon the Tenement now in the Tenure of Richd Heynes we are ignorant. And for all the Tythe Hay yearly growing and incresing upon the Tenement now in the tenure of Richd Brookes fourpence yearly And for all Tythe Hay yearly growing and increasing upon the Tenement now in the tenure of Thos Jordon six pence yearly And for all the Tythe Hay yearly growing and increasing upon the Lands of Richd Child Gent now in the Tenure of the s(i Thos Jorden nineteen pence yearly And for all the Tythe Hay growing and increasing upon the Lands of Thos Jorden of Lcdwitch eight pence yearly.
In Little Sutton Item for all the Tythe Hay yearly growing and increasing in Little Sutton upon the Tenement now in the Tenure of John Harris six pence yearly And for all the Tythe Hay yearly growing and increasing upon the Tenement now in the tenure of Edward Palmer four pence yearly And for all the Tythe Hay yearly growing and in- creasing upon the tenement now in the tenure of Thos Lewis Gent two pence yearly And for all the Tythe hay yearly growing ami increasing upon the tenement now in the tenure of Frab Wellings eight pence yearly.
In Lawton Item for all the Tythe Hay yearly growing
PARISH OF DIDDLEBURY, 1637.
M5
and increasing in Lawton upon the Lands and tenements now in the tenure of Adam Lutley Gent, twenty pence yearly And for all the Tythe Hay yearly growing and in- creasing upon the Tenement now in the tenure of \Ynl Minton one shilling yearly And for the tythe hay of a Meadow called Lampe Meadow one shilling yearly And for all the Tythe Hay yearly growing and increasing upon the Tenement now in the tenure of Antoney Wiglcy ten pence yearly. Item for every Calf that is calv'd w ithin the parish four pence saving and excepting those who pay the tenth calf in kind And for every Colt fallen one penney Item for all the Gardens in the Parish one penney for every garden. Item for Wood and Fuel burnt in each House within the said parish one penney yearly. Item for every servant Artificer and Trades- man receiving the Communion at Easter the tenth part of all his Clean gain all charges deducted And for ever)' other Communicant two pence a peece yearly. Item for the Tythe Miik of every Cow kept in the parish one penney. Item there are due to the Vicar all other small Tythes as Wooll, Lambs, Aples, pears, and other Fruite, Geese, Piggs, Hemp, and Flax ami all other small Tythes in kind saveing and excepting such and such places as any sum of money above be mentioned to be paid in lieu of Tythes Item Eggs, viddilet for every Hcnn two Fggs at Easter And at Emstrcy Park three at the same time Item for Egistmcnt of barrens and unprofitable Cattle the tenth part of the Value of the Pasture. Item there is and before the memory of Man to the Contrary there was in the Chancell of Diddkbury afore- said a convenient Seat for the sd Vickar and his assistant Minister adjoining to the receiving place and free Egress and regress into the said Chancell for the administration of the Sacrament Reading of Prayers to stand to bring in and dis- tributing of his customary right to the parishners and distri- buting the same at Easter or other times receiving the custom money in recompence of his Tythes in kind putting on and off his Robes, And place for a Chest to stand in for the safe keeping and setting up of the same. Item for every sheep that is sould a hah penny a head. Item for ever one that is married within ilie parish twenty pence and every one that is married in any other parish he or shec being of this parish
T.|6 A TERRIER OF THE
the like Sum of twenty pence. Item for every one that is buried within the parish six pence. Item for every whoman that is Church'd within the parish Six pence. Item a Mortuary due to be paid to the Vickar from such persons and in such Shares as they have been accustomly paid according to the statute. William Churchman Curate, William Tyler, x his mark, William Wigley, Churchwardens, Thos Lewis John Bawdewinc, Adam Price, Francis Pulley, Richard Like x his mark, William Posbrooke, Clement Downes + his mark, Charles Wellings, Michael Duke, Thomas Turner, Richard Stedman.
Through the kindness of the former Vicar, the Rev. S. Scarlett Smith, I am able to give the foregoing Diddlcbury Terrier from a copy amongst the Parish Deeds. I am told that the original in the Bishop's Registry at Hereford is very much mutilated. These old Parish documents are interesting as showing boundaries of properties, houses, and names of owners. The parish of Diddlebury is situated 9 miles from Ludlow, and touches Munslow, Culmington, Stanton Lacy, and Acton Scott. The largest estate in the parish is Westhope. Of the people mentioned (1) John Baldwin was a member of the old family of Baldwin of Elsich in the parish of Diddlebury, and of Stokcsay. The registers of both parishes contain the name. In the Beauchamp Tower, in the Tower of London, is a piece of carving in high relief consisting of Justice and Time, wiih the representation of a Death's head, and underneath the following inscription: — "Thomas Baw- dewin 1585, July^ as vertuc maketh life so sin causeth death."
Thomas Baldwin was imprisoned on suspicion of being implicated in the plots to place Mary Queen of Scots on the throne.
In the Church of Diddlebury is a mural tablet, with three shields : Thomas primogenitus Richardi Bawdewin de Diddleburie et Margiritre vxoris cius fibre Lawrencei Ludlowe de Morehowse duxit in vxore Gertrudam filiam Roberti Cor best de Stand Wardine de qua genuit ties filios Edwardum Iohanneni et Riehardum et duas filias Dorotheam et Suzanna, et valediecit nuindo Anno Dili 1614 Tvtatis sure LXYIII et obiit 4 Aprilis 1623 " [sic]
PARISH OF PIDDLE!?!1 RY, 1637.
M7
(2) Gerard Dannet of Wcsthope. The Visitation of Shrop- shire, under Dannatt of Westhope, gives William Darmatt of Westhope as marrying Juliana, natural daughter of Henry, Duke of Lancaster, thus proving that the Dannet family had some connection with Westhope at the time that the property belonged to the Earls ot Arundel. Probably they held it under the Earls.
Leonard Dannet purchased Westhope from Lodovic Grevell and Thomasina his wife to Elizabeth, 1568. He died 1598. In a Chancery Proceeding, 1570, Leonard Dannet and Roger Stedman arc mentioned. John Dannet, whose will is dated 29 January, 1600-7, and proved 30 April, 1607 (P.C.C., Huddlestone 28), by Agnes Dannet, leaves to the Parish of Diddlebury 40/-, and to " my friend Mr. William Baldwyn, Gent., a gold ring." In his Inq. P.M., 1608, is mentioned an Indenture dated 7 January, 42 Elizabeth, 1600, made between him and William Baldwin of Ludlow, Gent., and others.
Gerard Dannet, whose Inq. P.M. is dated 8 James I. (161 1), was brother of Thomas Dannet who died 1627.
Gerard Dannet, mentioned in the Terrier and in a Chancery Proceeding, 1637, was a younger son of Gerard mentioned above.
Thomas Dannet, whose Will is dated 20 January, 1654, and proved 12 March, 1654 (P.C.C. Aylett 340), orders his executors to sell " My Manor of Westhope." The name is not mentioned in the existing Diddlebury registers.
The Norncots (or Normicot, as the Heralds' Visitation spells it) were of Corfton. They entered their pedigree in 1623, when John Normcot was head of the family. His wife was Elizabeth, eldest daughter of John Dowries of Middle- hope.
The pedigree of Lewis of Bouldon, Great Sutton, and Broughtori (by Chirbury) was entered at the same time. Thomas Lewis was the son of Edward Lew is of Great Sutton, whose mother, Clemence Bromwich, was grand-daughter of Matilda Cornwall of Bcrrington, Co. Hereford.
The mention ol the Lampe Meadow is curious. In the Certificates of Colleges, temp. Elizabeth, 1558, it is stated that John Cowper ami Richard Trevor, the speculators in Church
I |8 A TERRIER OE THE PARISH OE DIDDLEBURY, 1637.
property, purchased amongst other things " rents in Duddle- bury given for the support of a light and a lampe in the Parish." The Lampe Meadow may have been the place from which the rent was derived for this lamp in the Church of Diddlebury. There is a field on the Westhope estate called ''The Wellings," which has lately been planted as a covert. It may have some connection with the name of Charles Wellings, which occurs in the Terrier.
Man)' of the Shropshire Terriers have appeared from time to time in the ShropsJiirc Motes and Queries, and are interesting as showing the way tithes were levied in parishes before the Tithe Commutation Act was passed.
i49
THE FIRST BAILIFFS OF LUDLOW An Early Chapter in the History of the Borough. By HENRY T. WEYMAN, F.S.A.
The early history of the Borough of Ludlow, like that of many other Towns, is veiled in the mists of antiquity. It is nut even possible to ascertain the precise date at which Ludlow acquired the dignity of a Borough, or when it be- came an independent unit. As is well known, it received its formal Charter of incorporation in 1461 at the hands of King Edward IV., who was, as heir of the Mortimers, its feudal Lord, and that Charter was granted to the Borough in con- sideration " of the laudable and gratuitous services " which the Burgesses of the Town of Ludlow had rendered to the King in obtaining his right to the Crown of England " in great peril of their lives," and also of " the rapines, depre- dations, oppressions, losses of goods, and other grievances," which for his sake had in divers ways been brought upon them by the competitors for the throne. The Charter there- fore, expressly recognised that before its grant there were " Burgesses of J .udlow," so that it is evident that it is at some earlier date that the Borough must have come into existence. This is even more clearly shewn by a Charter of Richard Duke of York, Earl of March, Lord of Clare, of Wig- more, and of 1 .udlow (Edwards IV. s father), dated in 1456, which runs as follows :-— " Whereas John Parys and others, the twelve and the twenty-five with them, Burgesses chosen for the good rule counsell and gouvernance of our said Town of the winch 12 and 25 and their predecessors sythc the time that no mind is, by the license and grant of our noble progenitors have used ruled and governed all manner of matters belonging to our said town except the correction and gouvernance that Lngeth and coneerneth to our Stuard there And except also that that appertaineth to the Constable's for the King our Sovereign Lord." This Charter proceeded to confirm the authority ol the 12 and 25, and commanded all Vol. VII., 3rd Scries. T
THE FIRST BAILIFFS OF LUDLOW.
other Burgesses, denysens, tenants and residents of Ludlow to obey their good rule and gouvernance. No argument is therefore required to prove that before 1450 Ludlow enjoyed the privileges of home rule, and had done so for a long time (since the time that no mind is} ; but it is impossible to lay down accurately the time or the manner in which this liberty was obtained, as the Grants, to which the Duke of York, al- luded, as having been made by his progenitors, have not come down to us.
Shropshire, in which was situate the great Roman City of Uriconium, and through which the great Roman Road from Uriconium to Magna, in Herefordshire, lay, must have been thoroughly permeated with the old traditions which would have been handed down through many centuries. It would not be forgotten that Towns under the sway of Imperial Rome had high privileges, being, in fact, as Mr. Wright has pointed out, small republics, enjoying their own free govern- ment. There is nothing to shew that Ludlow even existed in Roman days ; but lying as it did close to the great roads, and within nine miles of the site of the Roman town of Bravinium, it would not escape the general traditions, and when Ihe town became established, there would be a natural aspiration for the old privileges.
One factor, which would inevitably lead to Municipal home-rule, was the walling of the town. When this took place the inhabitants would in great part be cut off from the surrounding district, and would naturally resort to some mode of self-government. It is not quite clear when the Town Walls were erected, but it was certainly as early as the 18th year of the reign of Henry III. (1233) ; as in December of that year Letters Patent were granted to the " Men of Ludlow " for the inclosure of the Town.1 It is very suggestive that it is shortly after this date, as will be seen, that the town seems first to have been styled a Borough and its " liberties " mentioned.
Ludlow, like many another old Town, probably gained its municipal privileges slowly and well nigh imperceptibly, as it grew in wealth and importance. Mr. Eyton tells us that there are evidences that in the 13th century the trade of Ludlow
1 Ludlow Sketches, 23. I'utent Rolls, iS Henry III. in 17.
the: first bailiffs of ludlow.
was very prosperous, and this was doubtless due to its inti- mate connection with the great Woollen trade, the staple in- dustry of that time, and the basis of all the Commerce of England. Situated as the town is on the border of the agri- cultural counties of Shropshire and Herefordshire, the latter of which was famous in later days for its " Women, Wood, and Wool," we can easily understand that this would be so. Some of the inhabitants of Ludlow were about 1270 taking a lead in the wool trade with the Continent. The export of wool to parts beyond the seas was from 1270 to 1274 per- mitted only to those who obtained a patent licensing them to send out of the country a certain number of sacks. Amongst those who succeeded in obtaining these patents were several " men of Ludlow," amongst whom Nicholas, of Ludlow, must have been in a very large way of business, as in 1270 he was allowed to export 280 sacks, while few other merchants in England had licences to export so much.1 Amongst other licensees appear the names of Philip de Wyggemore, Law- rence Colet, Thomas Eylrich, Thomas de Langeford, Nicholas Alriche, and Nicholas Gow, all described as " Mer- chants of Ludlow." One other well known Ludlow name appears in the list, Lawrence de Ludlow, also described as a " merchant of Ludlow," the founder of Stokesay Castle, and one of the first successful traders who founded a great family in the County. It is easy to see that, with men of so much wealth and importance in the Town, the inhabitants would require some form of self-government, and this would be found first in the Merchant Guilds, then springing up all over the Country. Probably, therefore, Ludlow, like other old Towns, owes its Municipal institutions more to its old Gilds than to any other cause. In very early times, Societies had existed for social and religious intercourse, and these were gradually enlarged for the purpose of trade.2 They obtained a kind of legal status, and were generally controlled by the chief citizens, with the common consent and election of all the members of the Gild ; and as they had a Gildhall, officers and rules, all the machinery of Municipal government was available. It is easy, therefore, to see the way in which the
S/uopshtrc S/in'ih and Patches, v. 151. Social fcitiirlaiul, i., 400.
152
THE FIRST BAILIFFS OF LUDLOW.
government of the Gild resolved itself into the government of the community, and this probably explains the commence- ment of Municipal rule in Ludlow as in most other towns. A Gild existed in Ludlow from a very early date, but took here a unique form ; namely, that of'a Gild of Palmers — i.e., pil- grims to the Hoi}' Land, — and it may be as Mr. Wright thought likely, that these Palmers may have combined trade with their pilgrimage to Palestine.1 The beginning of this Gild, which was incorporated in 1 284, is not known : a tradi- tion which, as Lelan.d records, existed in Henry VIII. 's time, that it owed its foundation to Edward the Confessor may be well founded, as it is very much on the lines of the old Saxon Frith Gilds, which seem to have been compulsory associations responsible in their corporate capacity for the good conduct of each member. Each Gild brother contributed to the common fund which was expended in saying masses, provid- ing for their burials, assisting brothers in times of need, and last but not least, in their Feasts. Some of the original grants (still in existence) by which rent charges were given to the Gild " for the health of the souls "of the donors and their relatives, are certainly of a date prior to 1 284 (Edward I.), and go back at all events to the reigns of the earlier Plan- tagenet Kings. It is to this old Gild, to which Ludlow owes so much in regard to its Church and Grammar School, that it is also in all probability indebted for its Muni- cipal Government, as the Ealderman of the Gild would be its chief citizen.
An effort will now be made to trace out the earliest begin- nings of corporate life in the Town. Ludlow is mentioned in Domesday Book, and is said to have had a " prae- positus " resident there, but this " provost " or " reeve " was no doubt the officer of Roger de Lacy, its feudal Lord, but the very existence of such an officer at that time shews that even then Ludlow was a place of some importance. Herbert the " provost," who was assessed in 1 187 in the sum of £$ for not producing before the King's Justices a certain money forger, was probably in a similar position to the Domesday propositus. At the Shropshire Assizes of 1203 Ludlow ap-
l.udloiv Sketches 20.
THE FIRST BAILIFFS OF LUDLOW.
153
pears as a separate liberty, but it is as a Vill and not as a Borough.' Upon this occasion some men of Ludlow were fined for breaking some " assize " which appears from the Pipe Roll of 1204 to have been an Assize of Cloth ; and as this manufacture was then confined to Borough Towns, there is a suggestion that Ludlow had then some, at all events, of the privileges of a Borough. In 1221 the .Assize Roll shewed that it was again as a Vill and not as a Borough that Ludlow appeared at that year's Assizes, but on this occasion it was re- presented by its Provost and 12 jurors.1 The first mention of the Borqugjh, to which an actual date can be assigned, is in 1240, when it is recorded that "the whole foreign Court of Walter de Lacy of Ludlow, except the Borough, renders ac- count of 15 marks for 2 robbers wrongfully released."2 The Assize Rolls for 40 Henry 111. speaks of Burgus de Ludlow, and mentions Richard de Chabbenour as Bailiff. The first recognition of Ludlow's claim to be a Borough is probably the Grant by Jordan of Ludford of the Common of Whit- cliffe, — that Common which is still enjoyed by Ludlow, and which is of inestimable value to the Town. This Grant is made to Lord Walter Lacy and to all the Burgesses and men of Ludlow, and although we have not the actual date of this grant it cannot have been later than 1241, as Walter de Lacy died in that year. It was, however, probably much earlier, as Lord Roger Mortimer was the chief witness to that Grant, and this must have been Roger Mortimer who died in 12 14 ; as his grandson, the next Roger Mortimer, was only twelve years of age when Walter de Lacy died, and his father, Ralph de Mortimer, was then living.
From the year 1 240, when Ludlow is styled " a Burgus," down to 1461, when the formal charter was granted, there are many mentions of Ludlow as a Borough and of its Municipal officers, a few only of which need be given. In the Inquisi- tion upon the death of Nicholas de Verdon in 1271, it is men- tioned that he held of the King in chief a moiety of the whole of the Borough of Ludlow. In 1306 a mandate was granted to the Bailiffs of Shrewsbury, Ludlow and Hereford to levy 6d on every pound of silver. There were grants of murage to the Bailiffs and good men (i.e., Burgesses) of Lud-
1 Eyton v. 282. 2 Lyton v. 282.
TUT
154
THE FIRST BAILIFFS OF LUDLOW.
low in the year 1329, 1344, 1380, 1389, and 1423. Again, in 1402, orders for supplies for the Welsh Wars were given to the Bailiffs of Worcester, Shrewsbury, Litdlozi\ and Here- ford, and in Ljoo gruesome orders were given to the Slier iff of Bristol, the Bailiffs of Ludloiv, and the Mayors and Bailiffs of Hereford and Chester, that each should receive one quarter of the body of Grenewe ap Tudor, who had lately arisen in insurrection, and " should place it upon gates of their Town opening towards Wales to remain there as long as it can." In 1405 there was a grant to the " Bur- gesses" of Ludlow, that in consideration of their good ser- vices in resisting the Welsh Rebels they should be quit of certain tolls. The exact position, however, of the Town at this time seems to be admirably summed up in a few words in one of the Foundation Deeds of the Palmers Gild, dated 1275, as " The Community of the Burgesses of the Town of Ludlow." This bod}' had then a legal status, as we find that this deed is confirmed with " the seal of the aforesaid Com- munity of Ludlow."
There are amongst the Borough Records many documents, which are undated, but which are evidently of the date of Henry III.'s reign (12 16-1272), in which mention is made of various Borough Officers before there is any mention of Bailiffs. The Propositus (the Provost or Reeve) at the time of Domesday and in 1 187 has already been spoken of, but it is evident that the office was continued till a much later date, as Roger Sheremon (who was a Juror in 1272) is styled " propositus " about that time, and Ralph Cotcle is so called in 1257. There are various mentions of a " Constabularius," Richard le Senescal, being so called in the Close Roll of 128(5; John Esturmy in 1274 ; Richard de Momele and Richard de Chabbenor in undated deeds of the 13th century ; and Robert de Stanton in a Charter of Walter de Lacy before 1 241. The Constabularius probably was the officer who had the custody of Ludlow Castle, either under the King or the feudal Lord.
The Municipal officers, properly so called, were, however, the two Bailiffs, the Capital or Chief Bailiff, and his fellow, and it ib possible to compile a fairly complete list of Bailiffs from the last year of Henry the Third's reign down to the Grant of Edward the Fourth's Charier in 1400, since which
THE FIRST BAILIFFS OF LUDLOW.
155
date a list has been published in Mr. Thomas Wright's ad- mirable History of Ludlow. This carries back the history of the old Borough for two centuries further than Mr. Wright's list of Bailiffs, and into the days of the Plantagenet Kings, to such events in English history as the Barons' War and the battles of Lewes, to the capture of Ludlow Castle by Simon de Mont fort, and the battle of Evesham ; to Prince Llewellyn and the subjugation of Wales, and to that Parliament when, for the first time, the Burgesses of the Towns sat beside the Knights of the Shires.
Those were indeed stirring times in which our little Bor- ough commenced (so far as this early chapter is concerned) its municipal history, and during the 650 years which have elapsed since Richard de Chabbenor was, in 1256, its chief Bailiff, though Ludlow as the residence of the Princes of Wales and the Lord Presidents of the Marches has passed through historic scenes, there have been none more momen- tous than those which saw its birth.
It will be seen from the subjoined list that most of the Bailiffs of Ludlow in old time were gentlemen connected with the country round, who linked up their fortunes with the old Borough, and it would be well if the same custom were still in existence.
The list of Bailiffs has been compiled almost entirely from the original records in the Borough Archives, though a few have been added from Mr. Ey ton's History of Shropshire, to which the writer desires to acknowledge his indebtedness for many facts.
BAILIFFS OF LUDLOW.
No date mentioned, probably Henry the Third's Reign. William de Radenor \ Walter the Clerk. J Henry the Clerk. Richard de Momele (Mamble)1) Roger Scheremon. j Dominus de Ludford2 \ Henry de Chabbenor (Chadnor). J
1 Mumble, Woicestershire.
2 Probably this was Jordan of Ludford, who granted the Common of Whit- clifie to the Burgesses oi Ludlow.
i56
THE FIRST BAILIFFS OF LUDLOW.
William de Rahbenor (Radnor) ) Richard de Momele (Mamble). j Henry de Chabbenor (Chadnor). Richard de Momele (Mamble) \ Henry de Chabbenor. (Chadnor). i
HEN RY III. 1256 Richard de Chabbenor1 1 27 1 Richard de Momele.
EDWARD I. 12/2 Richard de Momele. 1274 Thomas de Wulfreslaw.2
1288 Hugh de Cleobury.
1289 Henry de Chabbenor. Ditto. )
1290 Thomas Eylrich. J
1 29 1 Henry de Chabbenor.
1 292 Roger de la Dene3 } Henry de Chabbenor. j
1293 Henry de Chabbenor.
1294 Robert Brown4
t0 \
1296 John de Ticklewardyn.5 J
1297 Nicholas Eylrich6 William le Gaunter.7
1298 William de Routon8 John de Ticklewardyn.5
1299 Nicholas Eylrich William de Routon.
1300 William de Routon
Geoffrey de Helyonn'
1 Chadnor, Herefordshire. 3 YVolferlow, Herefordshire.
a John de Dene was Hijjli Sheritl of Shropshire 1306-7
* Of Whitchcott.
3 Ticklerton, Shropshire.
6 Nicliolas Eylrich was Chief Bailiff of Stanton Lacy.
7 Glover. This indicates an early commencement of the trade, in which Ludlow employed hundreds of hands in the iMh and early part of the 19th century.
rt Kowton.
u Geoffrey de Helyonn was probably a member of the well known family seated at Hellenes or Helyons, Much Marcle, Herefordshire, and possibly a son ol the Justiciar Walter de Ilelyonn.
THE FIRST BAILIFFS OF LUDLOW.
157
1 30 1 William de Routon ) 1302-3 John de Ticklewardyn.1/ 1304-5 William de Routon John de Cleobury.
EDWARD II.
1307 William de Routon Robert le Moneter.2
1308 William de Routon John de Ticklewardyn.1
1 3 10 John de Ticklewardyn John de Cleobury. 1 3 1 2- 1 3 1 3 John de Ticklewardyn1
1 3 14 William de Routon.
1 3 1 5 John de Ticklewardyn Philip le Glover.3
1 3 16 John de Ticklewardyn William Scheremon, Junr
1317 The same.
1 3 1 8 John de Ticklewardyn 1 to
1323 Richard de Corve.4
1 324 Richard de Corve4 Richard de Chabbenor.5
1325 John de Ticklewardyn.1
EDWARD III. 1 327~ 1 334 John de Ticklewardyn1 1337 Hugh de Weston. 133S-9 Richard de Colune6 William le Hurde.
1343 John de Shrowesbury7 John Pywan.
1344 John de Salop7
John Pywan. ¥ 1348 John de Ticklewardyn.
1 Ticklerton. 2 The moneyer.
3 The Glover appears in the place of the Gaunter of 1297.
4 Curve was on the hanks of the river Corve, near Brockton and Stanton Long. '° Chadnor. " Chin.
7 These are curious entries in two successive years, as tticy show that even in 13.13 \ Shroweshury and Salop were interchangeable names,
Vol VII., 3rd Series. U .
158
THE FIRST BAILIFFS OF LUDLOW.
1350 W illiam de Orleton
John de Salop. 1 3 5 1 William de Orleton
Richard de Paunteley.1 1352 Richard de Paunteley.1 1352 John le Cache.2 1355 Richard de Paunteley.1 1357 John de Ticklewardyn. 1359 Richard de Paunteley. 1368 The same &
John le Cache pole. 1372 Roger de I ley ton 3
Thomas le Sonning.
RICHARD II. 1378 Philip Lingen. 1382 Richard Scot. 1383-6 Philip Lingen. 1388-91 Richard Scot. 1392-99 Richard Sibbeton.4
HENRY IV.
1401-2 Thomas Stevenes.
1403-4 Philip Lingen.
1405 Richard Dyer.
1406 John Gyrrons.5
1407 Richard Sibbeton.
1408 Robert Barbour.
1409-1 1 Henry Herdley (? Harley). 1412-13 Ditto. & John Gyrrons.4
HENRY V. i .j I 5 William Mercheton 0 1416-19 \Villi;1T^ V-**'** 7
1 Paunteley seems to have been in the parish of Diddlebury. I'aunthy Pyot, the late Mr. Harrison of Pontesbury told me, was another name for lluglith Hill. — E. C.
' John le Cache was probably tlie same as John le Cachepole, Bailiff in 136S. a Hay tun, Stanton Lacy. * Sibdon.
6 Gyrrons, probably one of the family of Gyrros, who were seated at Oxenbold and Stanton Long. 0 Died 1436.
7 Died about 1430 ; Will in Ludlow Records.
THE FIRST BAILIFFS OF LUDLOW.
HENRY VI.
1 423- 1 43 2 William Moyle.
1433-4 William Mercheton.
1436-8 Walter Coder.1
1439-44 John Paris.2
1445-6 John Griffith.
1449-56 John Colwell.
1458 Thomas Ilooke.
1 Walter Coder died 1448; Will in Ludlow Records.
2 Son of William Paris, Bailiff 14 16.
i6o
EARLY SALOPIAN PIPES. By T. H. THURSFIELD.
It is difficult to assign a date when pipes were first used for smoking. It may reasonably be inferred from various cir- cumstances that herbs and leaves of several kinds were smoked medicinally in early days, and that some description jf pipes were in use for that purpose. It must not therefore be taken for granted that the period (i 565-1 586) when tobacco was first introduced into England was the commence- ment of the habit of smoking, as there is little doubt that it only took the place of other plants.
Early clay pipes were made throughout England generally, and also in Scotland and Ireland. Jewitt says that whilst in England when found they are preserved, as good luck is sup- posed to attend their possession, in Ireland they are at once broken up from a contrary belief.
In ](3oi there existed a patent of monopoly enjoyed by tobacco pipe makers, and in 1619 the craft of pipe makers was incorporated, their privileges extending throughout the cities of London and Westminster, England, and the Dominion of Wales.
Dr. Plot, in his history of Staffordshire, 1686, says: — " As for tobacco pipe clays, they are found all over the country," and he names many places in Staffordshire where pipes were made, and notes that the clay was sent by land to Beaudley (Bewdley), and so down the Severn to Bristol, and thence to London.
Large numbers have been turned up at Hull during the last few years. The various marks have been reproduced in the publications of the Hull Museum by Mr. Shephard, F.G.S.
Llewellyn Jewitt, E.S.A., writing in 1862 on Fancy Pipes, says : '.- The largest and most important collection of pipes
Salopian Pipo Marks Plato 1.
Salopian fipu Marku Plato 2.
EARLY SALOPIAN PIPES.
161
made by any individual is that belonging to Mr. Richard Thursfield, Surgeon, of Broseley, all gathered together from one neighbourhood, and that the undoubted site of their manufacture." Mr. R. Thursfield published in 1862 a list of the marks upon the pipes in his collection, which numbered 223, of which 212 have marks upon them. He has one error in dates. He gives 1575 as the first entry in the Broseley Register of Richard Legg. The entry he refers to is March 17th, 1675. There is one pipe in this collection with the mark e ntered as HEN DRY. I have a similar one which 1 read as HEN DAY. The name of Dry does not appear in the Regis- ters 1 have examined, but the surname of Day is common after 1735. Jewitt mentions pipes made by a person named Gauntlett, who " rnarkes the heels of them with a gauntlet," whence they were called Gauntlet Pipes. This mark must not be confounded with the device of the open hand. Both marks were used by the Broseley and Wenlock Makers.
Note, — The proper way to read the mark upon the heel or spur of a pipe is to take the bowl between the fingers with the stem of the pipe pointing towards the reader and the flat part of the heel facing him; the letters should then be right way up. Mr. R. Thursfield's collection was eventually merged in the large and important collection formed by Mr. Bragge, F.S.A., which included " specimens from every quarter of the world and of nearly ever)- date, all relating directly to the use of tobacco or some similar narcotic, and tending to show that the habit was practically universal, and that when the Virginian weed was brought over and King James fulminated his coun- terblast against tobacco, smoking was almost universal, and dated from the earliest days, and that some form of narcotic had been smoked or chewed by all tribes in all ages of the world."
This collection was acquired for the British Museum, and is now there. The Early English clay pipes in it were ob- tained from many sources. They include 57 specimens, chiefly Salopian, collected by the late Mr. Southorn, of Brose- ley, 56 have makers' names upon them. One of these is en- tered as Mich. Eegg, 1797. I believe this is Rich. Legg, 1797. Another is entered with the name of WONG. This
162
EARLY SALOPIAN PIPES.
I find to be DECON, stamped upside down. Another has W.T. also upside down.
There are also 78 specimens collected by W. J. Bernhart Smith, F.S.A., from various sources. Sixty-two have marks upon them; a few are Salopian, any! include some from under an old oak floor at Buildwas Abbey. These latter are small and of good workmanship except one, which is smaller and thicker than the others.
There are also 328 specimens collected from London and all parts of England, of which 189 have makers' marks on them.
My brother, the late Dr. W. N. Thursfield, of Shrewsbury, had a large collection of pipes of Salopian manufacture, and as with these 1 have now more than 000 specimens, it may be instructive if I bring the marks and names up to date and give a facsimile of every stamp that 1 have met with and con- sider to be of Salopian make. (See plates I. to VI.). These number 360, and all differ in some degree, and each would re- quire a separate stamp.
I have gone through the Registers of Broseley Parish from 1570 to 1750, and of the Chapel of Benthall from 1677 to 1797, and give below the full names taken from the pipes, and the dates when they first appear in the Registers : — 1612 Thomas Clarke f Joseph Hughes
it) 1 5 Thomas Evans 1 6 1 0 John Roberts
1 666 William Hughes H>(>8 Andrew Bradley
1 OO9 William Price 1670 Sam Eegg
1681 Ralph Harper [ Morris Decon
\ Edward Decon
1644 John Harlshornc
1645 Thomas Ward
1 05 1 Richard Eegg
1653 Thomas Eegg
1654 Thomas Roden
1655 John Legg
1703 Ben Eegg 170O George Brown 1 7 1 3 John Partridge ,
1 69 1 Thomas Boden 1695 Richard Harper
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Salopian Pipe Marks Plate 3.
EARLY SALOPIAN PIPES.
163
1 71 8 William Partridge 1733 William Wilkinson
1724 William Savage 1737 William Harper
1732 Thomas Overley 1740 William Br ion.
The following names do not appear in these Registers, although shewn on the pipes: — Mich.* Browne (Wenlock), Hen. Dry, Hen. Day, Rich. Daye, John Hart, Edward Hat, Peter Hartshorne, Har Harper, John Lif, Randle Morris, Jane Overton, Randle Peck, Will Peck, Gree Powell, Robert Pool, Richard Suf, Richard Sir, Richard Upton. A search in the Registers of some other Parishes may throw light on these names as to the locality whence they came.
In early days each family had their own pipe shop where they worked the clay and moulded the pipes. There were small kilns adjoining for burning them. I have met with several in Broseley and Benthall
As the Trade increased the isolated pipe-shops with small kilns gradually gave way to the factory with much larger kilns, where the celebrated Churchwarden Pipes (24 to 28 inches long), as well as shorter ones, were made by Noah Roden, who died about 1829, after having brought the Brose- ley pipe manufacture to great perfection.
Fancy pipes were also made at Broseley, some of them ornamented, and some coiled or twisted and interwoven.
Pipes were made at other places in Shropshire besides the adjoining parishes of Broseley and Benthall.
In an old itinerary it is stated that " the trading commodi- ties of the Town of Wenlock were chiefly lime and tobacco pipes."
Some years ago the site of an old pipe shop was discovered in Wenlock. A great number of pipes were found. All of them bore the mark Mich. Brown. Some specimens are in the Public Museum at Wenlock. The mark of George Smith is also upon many pipes dug up in Wenlock. 1 have one of them with his initials and the Gauntlet mark.
In 1870 I came across a large number of broken and un- marked specimens (probably the site of an old shop) upon the Marsh Farm, in Barrow Parish, between Shirlett Common and Wenlcck. There is at Shirlett a white clay similar to that used in early days at Broseley, and there is also a shallow coal suitable for burning in the kilns which would probably here
164
EARLY SALOPIAN PIPES.
be of a primitive description. The colour and texture of this local clay is easily distinguishable from the Devon or Corn- wall clay from which Broseley Pipes have fur some years been made.
It may be asked why, when such pipes were made in other localities, should Broseley become specially celebrated, as it undoubtedly was, for their manufacture? The term "A Broseley " conveys the same impression to smokers through- out the country, and " A Churchwarden " from Broseley is equally well understood to refer to an extra long clay pip'" from Broseley. It may be that these latter, which were sup- plied in large numbers to the London Coffee Houses, and thus became very fashionable, helped considerably to call atten- tion generally to the pipes from Broseley. Even in the pre- sent day, the present of a box of " Broseley Churchwardens " is welcomed in many smoking rooms. In a fine old-fashioned country house in Derbyshire, each visitor had his special " Broseley Churchwarden " pipe, which was reserved and pro- duced for his use each time he visited the house.
Broseley had in early days many attractions, and held out many inducements for all industries which needed coal, clay, or iron for their development. It used to be said of Broseley that you could sink a pit in the morning and wind coal in the afternoon. The existence in the Broseley District of coal, clay, and ironstone near the surface and easily gotten attracted, in early days, not only the Tobacco Pipe makers, but Iron works, Pot works, China works, Brick works, Roofing Tile works, and Encaustic Tile works, for all of which the neighbourhood has been justly celebrated for many years. The River Severn flowing through the District provided water carriage, then so very necessary. It brought the best clays from Devonshire and Cornwall, and other neeessary materials for the manufac- tures of the district, and it took the manufactured goods down t<> Bristol, and thence to London and all parts of the world, and specially favoured a large demand in America for Brose- ley goods of all kinds, till the American war put a stop to it, and was jfhe cause of severe losses to the traders of the loeality. The Severn Valley from Shrewsbury to Bewdley, taking Broseley as a eentre, had at that time more varied in- dustries than any other district in the country.
Salopian Pipo Marks— Plate 5.
EARLY SALOPIAN PIPES.
I65
A visit to the Broseley Pipe Works of Messrs. Southorn is most interesting and instructive, and the dexterity of the women workers will explain how the manufacture must neces- sarily be localised at places where such deftness of hand can only be acquired by constant practice.
I feel sure that I have not exhausted the marks or names upon pipes made in Shropshire. Doubtless many people have specimens with Salopian marks which I have not noted. This is an endeavour to bring the subject up to date, and to interest others that (hey may follow it up.
1 am indebted to Mr. Bateman, of Benthafl Hall, Mr. Allen, of Benthall, Mr. Southorn, of Broseley, and others for allow- ing me to inspect pipes in their possession. Also to Mr. T. J. Belk, of the Coalbrookdale School of Art, for the great in- terest he lias shown whilst copying the marks for me— -not at all an easy matter.
Vol. Vll., 3rd Series.
V
1 66
SHRO P S HIRE E A R T H W O R K S . By E. S. COBBOLI), C.E., F.G.S.
In these notes it is proposed to describe the present condition of some Shropshire Earthworks, rather with a view of placing on record what is now to be seen than of formulating any theories as to their age or objects. The degradation to which they are still liable is considerable, and it is hoped that de- tailed descriptions may be of service to other workers when the task of classifying comes to be taken in hand.
The plans are based on those of the Ordnance Survey, with such additions as seem necessary after a careful survey of the ground. Slopes regarded as artificial Lire indicated by vertical shading (hachures), those regarded as natural by con- tour shading, sketched in with the assistance of the contours shown on the six-inch Ordnance maps. The full black lines indicate existing features such as fences, buildings, &c. ; un- fenced roads and paths are shown by broken lines.
The sections are roughly sketched, generally to a " natural " scale of 10 feet to the inch, but it is often necessary to some- what exaggerate the banks and ditches in order to make them show ; the general outline of the natural slopes is, how- ever, delineated as faithfully as possible, and the probable original surface of the ground where it has been modified by artificial work is indicated by a broken line.
As far as possible, technical terms will be avoided ; at the same time, it is almost impossible to describe works which have always been regarded as of the nature of fortifications without using some words implying the ideas of atttack and tie fence.
PON TliSFORD HILL
Pontes Cord Hill is a north and south ridge about a mile long, and is separated into three divisions by two pairs of obliquely Literal gulleys. The northern and smallest division has a summit a little over (too fed, which is occupied by an
SHROPSHIRE EARTHWORKS
PONTESFORD HILL
CAMP 1905
»0Q o ioo 200 300 feet
Rf!
SHROPSHIRE EARTHWORKS.
167
oval earthwork with several lines of defence. The central division, specifically called Pontcsford Hill on the Ordnance maps, rises to about 950 feet, and is separated from the southern division by a saddle of slightly lower elevation. This last division, called Earl's Hill .on the maps, has an alti tude of 1,047 feet, and is crowned by a magnificent earthwork with a single line of defence. The work is divided into two portions, a principal enclosure encircling the summit, and a southern extension at a somewhat lower level ; there is also an outwork situated north of the principal enclosure upon a part of the central division of the hill.
PONTESFORD HlLL CAMP, 1905. See plan and sections opposite.
The situation of the camp on a minor summit, its general form, the shape of its entrance and its principal defence re- call the camp on Lawley Hill,1 but the earthworks are more elaborate.
It obviously takes its somewhat ovoid form from the shape of the hill, the works following roughly a contour line of 550 feet.
The interior dimensions are approximately 90 yards by 50 yards, and the defences cover a width of about 40 yards, ex- cept on the south, where they are 70 yards wide. The easiest approach is from this side, where a somewhat flat saddle con- nects the northern with the central division of the hill. Out- side the earthworks the natural slopes to east and west are fairly steep (1 in i\ to 1 in 3), 2 on the north east the slope is a little easier, while to the south-east, beyond the rather deep lateral gulley, the surface of the central division of the hill rises fairly rapidly, and within 50 yards of the interior the camp is dominated by higher ground. The whole area is covered with young trees, but has little or no brushwood.
The enclosed area o] the ( amp I us a somewhat undulating and apparently natural, surface'. The principal defence takes the form of a scarp O to 10 feet 111 height, interrupted only on the south near B on the plan (fig. 1 opposite) by what appears
1 Described in Chunk Sitctton% vol. iii., p. 21.
- The inclinations of slopys are expressed in the same terms as those of railway gradients, viz., one loot of rise in so many feet of horizontal distance.
l68 SHROPSHIRE EARTHWORKS.
to be an original entrance ; at the foot of this scarp is a ter race, then a second scarp varying from 5 to 10 feet in height, in part formed of material taken from the terrace. Outside this, round the southern half of the camp js a ditch and a bank of gentle elevation ; round the northern half these are represented by a simple terrace and scarp, with just a trace of a bank near D at the northern extremity, where also the upper of the two terraces has a little bank at its outer edge. On the south-eastern quadrant the ditch has a considerable depth, and the rising ground outside precludes the formation of an exterior bank. (See section E F G, fig. 4). In other parts the ditches are now almost filled up, varying from a few inches to one foot in depth below their outer margins. At the south-west the entrance appears to have been protected by two additional lines of ditch and bank, but whether the passage through them was straight or winding is now doubt- ful. The outermost of these banks ends westwards on a prominent rocky crag ; the inner one ends 011 the steepening slope of the hill ; eastwards their terminations are quite in- definite. Looking at the camp from a point on the outer bank near A , the four scarps one above the other show well as serious obstacles to the ascent, and the two ditches are out of sight or hardly visible. The present minimum width of entrance is about 1 5 feet.
About 40 yards from the outer bank at A is a small spring.
An old line of fence (shown by a full black line on the plan) crosses the earthwork from north-west to south-east, and along its course the defences are a good deal debased ; at the eastern end there is a curious hum]) trenching upon the ditch ; this has every appearance of being modern.
Conjectural Remarks. — The variations in the character of the defences appear to be determined by the nature of the ground at the various points. The principal object seems to have been the: provision of two or three artificial scarps of 10 or more feet in height. On the east and north west, where the ground is steepest, this has been accomplished by cutting terraces in the hillside ; to the west, and again at the northern extremity, where the ground is rather less steep, the terraces take the form of ditch and bank, thus providing for the re- tention of the scarps to their full height. On the compara-
SHROPSHIRE EARTHWORKS. l6g
tively flat approach near the: entrance additional ditches and hanks have been made ; and on the south-east, where the ground falls and then rises again, we have a deeper ditch, pro- bably cut in the rock with nearly vertical sides.
Earl's Hill Camp, 1905. See plan opposite, and sections, p. 170.
In situation, crowning the summit of a hill, and 111 the form of the entrance, this camp compares with Caer Caxadocj near Church Stretton,1 but it differs from it considerably in the character of its defences, 111 its division into two portions, and 111 the existence of the outwork.
Its general form is due to the natural shape of the hill, the principal enclosure having its defence at about the 1,000 ft. contour; the southern extension takes a somewhat lower .level, but still keeps to the flatter area of the hill top, while the out- work on the north protects the approach road on the less steep saddle.
The natural slopes of the hill to east and west are \ cry steep, averaging I to I, I to I and 1 to 2 in various places (see sections, p. 170); the ascent from the saddle on the north to the camp is fairly steep, but not very difficult on account of its shortness ; and at the extreme south end the ridge runs down at an easier slope in a long and narrow spur to the level of the valley.
The principal enclosure is about 220 yards long, with a maximum width of about 80 yards, and its defences occupy an additional width of 10 to 18 yards. On the west (see section A B C, fig. i, p. 170) these consist of a strongly pro- nounced scarp 20 to 25 feet in height, with a terrace cut into the solid at the top, and a second terrace cut along the hill- side at the foot of the scarp. In places, but not all along, the earth or rock excavated from the upper terrace has been piled upon its outer edge, forming a low bank. At the northern end, towards the entrance, this develops into a bank of con- siderable size, and practically the whole of the scarp is formed by its outer face. Near the same point the lower terrace also develops into the ditch and bank form. At the
1 Described in Chu/ch S/re//ont vol. iii., p. 25.
170
SHROPSHIRE EARTHWORKS.
entrance the big bank curves outwards to a rounded (original) extremity, and overlaps the inwardly curving end of the eastern defence, which is also a considerable bank at this point. This bank gradually dwindles in height and becomes a simple scarp, which, however, camrot be traced very far, and is entirely absent over the very steep and rocky hill side below. After an interval of some 30 or 40 yards, the eastern defence reappears as a scarp, which gradually increases in height when followed southwards, and eventually becomes in- volved in the dividing work between the two enclosures of the camp.
This work (see section G II, iig. 3 opposite, and plan) consists of a bank, the top of which is continuous with the upper terrace of the western side, but it has an abrupt rounded end towards the east. At the back of this bank is an excavation, which has presumably supplied a part of the necessary material, and at its foot a rock hewn ditch has been cut from either side, but there is a gap 10 or 15 feet wide 111 the middle consisting of solid rock, ft is quite easy at the present tune to walk over the bank and through this gap down to the southern extension, but to return the same way is by no means easy, owing to the steepness of the bank. Most people would prefer stepping past one or other end of the ditch and gaining the higher level either by the very narrow and almost obliterated footway at the east of the rounded end of the bank or by the wider and well formed curving way cn the west.
'I he southern extension has a length of about 320 yards, with a width of 70 yards, and its surface (as shown by the contours on the plan) is fairly level crossways, but inclines gently southwards to its extremity. The western defence is similar to that of the principal enclosure (see section l)Ei\ iig. 2 opposite), and of nearly the same dimensions, but no- where: docs it exhibit any trace of a bank on the margin of the upper terrace. At the southern end, where access was easier, a considerable bank has been raised, as evidenced by the excavation behind it, it is now 12 feet high on the outside. (See Section K L, fig, 4, opposite). In addition to this there are relics of two crescent-shaped ditches and banks outside, and these form between them a second scarp, now about 8
SHROPSHIRE EARTHWORKS.
171
feet in height. On the eastern side of the extension the usual form of scarp again appears, and may be followed north- wards for about 150 yards, after which it is lost on the steep hill side.
The Outwork does not enclose any defined area, but is a nearly straight bank formed of material from an excavation forming a rude ditch in its rear. Its southern end is definitely rounded, and situated on the steepening slope of the western dividing gully in the hill-side (see plan.) It runs approxi- mately northwards for about 170 yards, and as it approaches the plantation on the eastern slope of Pontes ford Hill it curves sharply as though to enter the wood ; this end is worn down, and presents a very different appearance to the rounded one on the south ; it has probably been destroyed by carting operations, and when the fence was first established. With- in the wood no trace of the bank was found, but there is a hardly an)' doubt but that it continued for another 50 yards to the east until it encountered the steep slope of the hill. In section (tig. 5, p. 170) the outwork presents a slope about 13 feet in present height lacing westwards.
The approach road may be traced from the strongly-em- banked entrance to the camp in a sinuous line to the flatter ground of the saddle, where its further course is lost. It is now some 18 to 20 feet wide.
There are two oval excavations upon the saddle which are shown on the plan ; examination of these went to prove that they are comparatively recent workings, possibly for minerals.
With the exception of the plantation above mentioned, the whole surface of the hill is covered with short moorland growth, with solid rock and scree material showing in various pi ices.
Low down on the west, at about 650 feet, there is a spring which is shown on the plan ; another exists at about the same level on the eastern side, but beyond the limits of the plan, and, roughly, above the end of the word " Plantation."
C onjectural Remarks.- At appeared obvious to the writer, as well as to several friends with whom he had the advantage of examining tins earthwork, that the scarp formed the de- fence to the camp, all other features being accessory to this.
Its height may well have been over 20 feet throughout, and
172
SHROPSHIRE EARTHWORKS.
its slope the " angle of repose " of broken rock fragments and earth, possibly 1 in 1 j<, or if its face was ever " pitched " with the larger blocks, perhaps even steeper. A freshly worked loose surface at such a slope, standing as it would at the top of a steep natural ascent, would prove a very serious obstacle to surmount. It is interesting to note that where the natural slope exceeds 1 in 1 ) > there is no earthwork to be seen. The mounding up of earth on the margin of the upper terrace of the principal enclosure gives the impression of something in the nature of repairs after a long period of disuse, as though fresh material had been excavated from the back of the ter- race and piled up partly to increase the height of the scarp and partly to freshen up its loose surface.
The upper terrace is specially well marked along the whole western side of this camp, and almost irresistibly suggests the idea of a fighting platform. Its width is sufficient to hide any defenders who might be passing to and fro from an at- tacking force on the slope below, so no rampart would be necessary for this purpose:
The foot terrace is also very well marked, though naturally it is a little obscured in places from the working down of material from the scarp. Its object is clearly to make the scarp steeper.
The same construction is noticeable at Bodbury Ring, near Church Stretton, and it is in marked contrast with the earth- works at Caer Caradoc, which appear to have been formed by excavating a trench along the hillside and throwing the ma- terial up into a bank on the slope1 below to take what form it could. It is foreign to the object of these notes to discuss which construction may be the earlier, but it may be remarked that the one exhibited at Earl's Hill is the more businesslike and shipshape.
PONTESBURY.
Within one mile of Pontesford Hill there are three detached earthworks shown on the Ordnance1 maps in or near Pontes- bury Village a " Mound " in the village itself ; a " Camp " on N ill's 1 1 ill ; and a circular enclosure called " The Ring," some 200 yards south of N ill's Hill.
N ILL'S HILL
CAMP
.>-» /,
THE RING
f<jt In nl
If In A
5 o-ct~c^_
£S C,
SHROPSHIRE EARTHWORKS.
173
PONTESBURY MOUND, 1905.
A copy from the Ordnance Survey Map is given in fig. I, opposite.
The Government map shows a mound 120 to 150 feet in diameter with apparently a Hat top.
In 1905 this mound was still traceable, occupying the greater part of two gardens, with a divisional fence running across it, and other boundary fences taking a roughly circular line along a filled in ditch or moat.
The top of the mound is now gently rounded, and rises to a height of 10 or 12 feet above the natural surface.
A lane leading southwards and the lines of fence near are suggestive of an exterior circular outer court, but no trace of defences along these lines could be made out.
When building a wall a few years ago along the line of the filled in ditch just south of the mound, the workmen had to sink from " 4 to 6 feet among loose stones to get a founda- tion."
Nill's Hill Camp, 1905.
The Ordnance Map (surveyed 1881, revised 1901), from which fig. 2 opposite, is copied, shows an oval area 80 yards long and 50 yards wide on the summit of Nill's Hill, sur- rounded by a simple scarp. Of this only the barest trace is now to be seen on the ground. The Quarry is being worked back into the hill from the south, and has already cut away a large part of the camp. The defences above are now so nearly obliterated that they could not be made out without the assistance of the map, and there are many indications that large blocks of stone on the surface of the hill, which might have formed part of any old work-, have been broken up and carted away quite recently, in one plaee, where the quarry face cuts the line oi the defence shown on the map, there is a small depression 111 the surface filled with angular blocks of stone, possibly a filled up ditch.
Tut: Ring, 1905.
A curious circular enclosure, oi which a plan is given in fig. 3, opposite, occupies a sloping site on the east side of the
*74
SHROPSHIRE EARTHWORKS.
next hill southwards from Nill's Hill, and a little above Nill's Farm. Its diameter is about 27 yards, and the enclosing bank has been formed from an excavation lying outside it on the north, west, and south, but inside, on the east, evidently to avoid the labour of throwing the earth uphill. The bank covers a width of quite 20 feet over all ; it has a height of from 3 to 5 feet, willi a very rounded contour, indicating the earthy nature of the material.
The very circular shape, the situation on sloping ground, and the large size of the bank, much bigger than is usual in any garden or field boundary, are all remarkable. A com- parison is suggested with the So-called " Intrenchrnent " on Wilderley Hill,1 and with a circular enclosure2 near Cheney Longville Castle.
PLOWDEN.
Billings Ring, 1904.
See plan and section, opposite.
The earthwork is situated upon a somewhat prominent portion of a ridge of no great elevation, which projects east- wards from higher ground towards the valley of the Onny River, about three-quarters of a mile west of Plowden Hall. The ridge has fairly steep sides, that on the north being rather the steeper, and it is curiously cleft by a steep-sided little gulley beyond which it gradually dies away into the valley. The site of the earthwork is just west of this gulley, and is protected by natural slopes on north, east and south, but on the west the approach is almost level. The north and east sides are now more or less covered with wood, while south and west there arc cultivated fields.
1 lie area enclosed is roughly quadrangular, about 200 yards long and 1 20 yards across, and the defences cover an addi- tional space about 20 yards wide. W here best seen, on the
1 Church Slrt/lon, vol. iii., p. 8,
- Transactions oj the Caradoc and Severn Valley Field Club, vol. iv.,
p. 9i, »9"7.
SHROPSHIRE EARTHWORKS. 175
north side, they consist of a ditch, cut boldly into the shaley rock just below the top of the natural slope, and two banks (see fig. 2, p. 174) ; part of the excavated material has been thrown outwards to form the outer bank, but some has been thrown up to form the inner bank, to which some material from the surface of the enclosure has very possibly been added. The scarp thus formed has even now a height of 20 feet in places. On the west the ditch is still partially pre- served, but is interrupted opposite the gateway to the field ; the outer bank here is very small, not much larger than many ordinary hedge banks of the district, and the inner bank is very much flattened.
On the south, where the ground has been long under culti- vation, the defences have been almost obliterated, and for a considerable distance only show traces of the scarp, with a terrace-like indication of the outer bank and a slight flatten- ing at the top marking the place where the inner bank once stood. On the east the defences are all but destroyed, but there are indications of their continuation just inside the wood.
From the north-east corner of the enclosure a rough road- way leads down through the wood, and the banks and ditch are interrupted at this point. Either this or the opening on the west may have been the original entrance, but both have been 111 use recently, and some amount of spade work seems to have been done to render them easier. In neither case are there any rounded ends to the banks indicative of original terminations, nor are there any signs of additional protective works outside.
It is interesting to contrast the character of the defences here with those of Earl's Hill.1 On the south side of Billing's ring we have what looks like a scarp with upper and foot ter- races, but a very casual inspection of the site shows that they are really the remains of the ditch and two banks, similar to those on the north and west. The slope of the scarp is flat- tened, and it is evident that the upper bank has been worked down into the ditch, which is now filled, and that the lower
1 See \>. 169.
176
SHROPSHIRE EARTHWORKS.
bank has been spread on the field below. The two terraces in this case are merely scars whence banks have been re- moved. At Earl's Hill, on the contrary, the indications are all in favour of the scar}) and two terraces having been the original construction.
Comparison is also suggested with Brockhurst Castle,1 Church Strctton, which has defences of the same character as those of Billing's Ring, but of rather different proportions.
1 Church Stretton, vol. iii., p. S3
177
CHARLES II. AND TONG.1 By the Rev. J. K. AUD EN, M.A.
ON August i, 165 1, Charles IT. began his march into Eng- land with a force of between ten and eleven thousand horse and foot, and 16 leather guns.2 He advanced without any serious opposition, by way of Whitchurch, Market Drayton, and Newport, to Tong, where his army encamped on the 20th, probably on Tong Heath.3 While here he issued a summons, endorsed " Given at our Camp at Tong Norton, this 20th day of August, 165 1," requiring Colonel Mackworth, commander of the Parliamentary garrison at Shrewsbury, to surrender the Castle to the King. On its rejection, Cliarles and his troops passed on to Worcester.'1 and arrived there on the evening of the 22nd.
The next few days were spent in collecting men and put- ting the city into a state of defence. Among those who joined was Francis, Lord Talbot, of ATbrighton and Long- lord, with a troop of do horse, the major of which was William
1 It seems hardly necessary to express my obligations to Mr. Alan Fea's Flight of the King, and his edition of Hughes's Boscobel Tracts, entitled After Worcester Fight. They must be apparent to everyone who knows these books. All the quotations in the following paper are from the contemporary pamphlets reprinted by Mr. Fea. but after this general statement I have not thought it needful to put the paginal refetences among my already numerous footnotes.
2 " The Scots had an invention of guns of white iron, tinned and done about with leather and corded so that they could serve for two or three discharges, t hese were light and were carried on horses." (Rurnet, History of His Own Times, i., p. 38).
3 Tong Heath (mentioned in the Registers in 1663 and 1730) is shown by a map of the parish, dated 1739, to be the land on either side of the road before it dips into Timlet Ilolloway towards Shifnal. On inclosiare it became the present Vauxhall Kami, with the exception of the portion made into Tong Fake.
4 The road leading on to the Heath from the South is marked on the above mentioned map as the Worcester Road, a name which what is left of it still bears, a memorial, no doubt, of the advance and retreat of 165 f.
Vol. VII., 3rd Series. U
CHARLES II. AND TONG
Careless,1 and in it Charles Giffard, of White Ladies,2 was a captain, Richard Walker " scoutmaster," and Francis Yates3 a trooper. " Some that had been Souldiers for the Parliament (as Captain Benbow from Shrewsbury) with Cornet Kinnersly, and a Party of Horse, and some few more) also came in to him."4
Meanwhile, the Earl of Derby, who had been left behind in Lancashire with a small force, suffered total defeat near Wigan on August 25, when he had two horses shot under him, received seven shots in his breastplate, was badly wounded, and forced to ride for his life. Accompanied by Colonel Edward Roscarrock, also wounded, and two servants, he man- aged to reach the neighbourhood of Newport. Here he fell in with Mr. Richard Sneyd, an old acquaintance, who, in order that the Earl and his companions might rest and recover a little, " brought him and his company to Boscobel House, a very obscure habitation, situate in Shropshire, between long Castle and Brewood, in a kind of wilderness." At this place they arrived on the night of Friday, August 29, and were
1 "This Colonel William Cailis was born at Bromhall in Staffordshire, within two miles of Boscobel, of good parentage, was a person of approved valour, and engaged all along in the first war for Charles I." (Blount). During this struggle he was for a short time " Governor of Tong Castle." (Transactions, New Series, Vol. I., p. 85). He died in 1689, and his burial is thus recorded in the Brewood Register :— " 16S9 May 28, hurried Cornall William C areless of Bromhall." Of his two sons, Thomas (born 1643) died in London in 1668, and William was admitted to the Je.uiits' College at Rome in 1654. The Colonel's nephew, Francis, son of his only brother John, was of Tong, where were buried " William sonne of iVrauncs Carelesse and Grace his wife, the 19th of December, 1637 ;" Grace Carele^se, January 6, 1675 ; and Ann Careless, December 15, 1701.
2 In 15^0 William Skeffington, in his will, describes himself ''of White Ladies, in the parish of Tong." lie was buried here, as till the end of the 17th century were all the Protestant inhabitants of this liberty. In dry weather traces of lines of foundations can be discerned at the west end of the ruined church of of White Ladies. Here in 165 1 stood the house owned by Mrs. Frances Cotton (nee Giffard), of Gidding Abbots, co. 11 untingdon, and inhabited by her relatives Charles Giffard and his wife. It is pictured by Blount in his Boscobel, ed. 1660.
y There were two men named Francis Yates connected with the flight of the King, a fact whith has caused much confusion. (1) Francis Yates of Brewood, servant of Captain Charles Giffard, and a soldier in his troop, whose wite's name was Elizabeth, and who was " barbarously executed at Oxford for conducting the King from Worcester when violently pursued " and refusing to confess where he had left him. (2) Francis Yates, of Langley Lawn, who married Margaret Pendrill, of Hubbal Grange, and died in London shortly after the Restoration of 1660.
4 Rehqitiie Bax/erianw, i., p. 68. Cornet Kinnersley was a son of Uercults Kinnersley of Cleobury North, a strong Parliamentarian.
CHARLES II. AND TONG. 179
safely concealed by William Pendrill and his wife Joan. On Sunday night, however (Aug. 31), they made up their minds to join the King at Worcester, which they succeeded in doing shortly before the battle on Wednesday, September 3, having stayed a night at Gatacre on the way.
In this engagement, as is well known, Charles, after having exhibited many acts of personal bravery, was defeated by General Cromwell,1 and forced to escape for his life.
Attended by about 60 officers and men, including the Earl of Derby, Colonel Roscarrock, and Captain Charles Giffard, the King made for the North. As they rode along, his Majesty consulted with his friends about a way of retreat, and the Earl and Roscarrock told him how, in their flight from Wigan, they had " met with a perfectly honest man and a great convenience of concealment at Boscobel," adding that it was " a recusant's house, and therefore, being accustomed to persecution and searches, was most likely to have the readiest means and safest contrivances " to preserve him.
The King was of the same opinion, but Charles Giffard pro- posed instead that they should go first to his own house at White Ladies, " hard by Tong Castle," and " 111 the Parish of Tong, in the confines of Stafford and Shropshire," which was but half-a-mile from Boscobel, and that while there his Majesty could rest and make further plans.
Safely conducted thither by Giffard, and his servant Francis Yates, the door was opened to them at about daybreak on Thursday morning (Sept. 4) by George Penclrill, the youngest of the six brothers.'2 No sooner had they entered than Giffard sent George " to l ong to Robert Burd,;; an honest subject, to
1 Oliver Cromwell was staying with the Hon. William Pierrepoint, the owner of Tong Castle and estate, at his otiier seat at 1 bars by, near Nottingham, when the news reached him that the King had set up his standard at Worcester. (Carlyle, Cromwell, iii., p. 150, note to Letter CLXXX).
- Of Hie six brothers Pendrill, "born at llobbal Grange, in the parish of Tong, and county of Salop, john, Thomas ami George were soldiers in the first war lor King Charles I. riioinas was slain at Stow light [March 22, 1045-6], William was a servant at Boscobel, Humphry a miller, and Richard rented a part of llobbal Grange." (Blount). John resided at White Ladies as a kind of woodward, and George at the same place as a servant man.
3 Robert Burd was, according to the Ctiurch Registers, an uncompromising Royalist, a fact which is evinced by the names he gave his children. Rupert after the " Fiery Prince," and Charles after the King vvho.se fortunes were, even at the child's birth, in a precarious state.
i8o
CHARLES II. AND TONG.
enquire of him whether there were any scattered parties of the King's thereabouts or any of the enemies appearing-, who brought word that the coast was yet clear, and no parties to be seen." As he returned he called at I lubbal Grange lor his brother Richard, and brought lTkn to White 1 .adics.
During George's absence, Rosea n ock had despatched Bartholomew Martin (a serving bo)' in the house),1 to Boscobel for his old host, William Pendrill. George and Richard, how- -ever, arrived first, and the latter was at once sent back to Hubbal for a suit of his own clothes for the King. By the time lie returned with them, William had also come, and both were at once conducted to the Earl of Derby, and by him in- troduced to the King, and told to preserve his Majesty as faithfully as they had done the Earl himself.
While all this was going on, according to the King's own narrative, " there came in a country fellow that told us there were 3,000 of our horse hard by Teng Castle, upon the Heath,2 all in disorder, under General Eeshe and some other of the
1642-3. Bapt. was Rupert, sonne of Robert Burd and Anne his wyfe, January 2.
1644. Bapt. was Charles, Sonne of Robert Bind and Anne his wife, August 24.
He suffered severely lor his loyalty to the two Kings. For among the State Papers (c. ii. Domestic, March 31, 1670), is a Certificate signed by Charles Giffard and William Carlos to the King in favour of Robert Burd, of Bong, co. Salop, who was " utterly ruined and disabled from supporting himself and many children through his loyalty and services after the defeat at Worcester, and giving intelligence of his Majesty's arrival at White I.adys. lie was diligent by constant correspondence with the five brothers I'endrill, and others, and discovering what' was passing between each army, and he informed of those impious regicides who endeavoured to imbue themselves in his Majesty's blood, and gave such information to Carlos as added much to the endeavouis for his Majesty's blessed escape." As a result of this report Burd received a grant of ^30 per ann. on June 30, 1670. This was renewed to Anne Burd for life on the death of her husband, and £j ios. was duo to her as arrears on Maich 25, 1685. Robert Burd's name is not found in Tong Registers after the burial of his first wife (" 1665, inov. 18, bur. was Ann wife of Robert Burd"); and of the four children, Rupert, Charles, Henry and Robert, lecorded as baptized, two, Rupert and Charles, arc also recorded as buried. Some, therefore, of his " many children " must have been by his second wife, also named Anne. In the Registers his name is always spelt Burd, and a contemporary always appears as Bird.
1 In the Cemetery of White 1. adics is a stone bearing the inscription: — "Mere lyeth the body of Mary M ai tin, daughter of Bartholomew Martin and Elizabeth his wile, of Cosford, who dyed January 6, anno. dom. 170I. Here lyeth the body of Elizabeth, the wife of Bartholomew, who dyed the 21 of January anno dom. 1 707."
* Returning by the only road they knew, the road by which they had marched from Sc ill md, t (1 • ■ y h dted cm their old ramping ground.
CHARLES II. AND TONG.
tSi
general officers." Jt was then suggested to Charles that he should join this force with a view of retreat into Scotland, but he absolutely rejected the advice, being indignant at their conduct at Worcester, and in his own words, " Knowing that men who had deserted him when they were in good order, would never stand by him when they had been beaten." An opinion which subsequent events fully justified, for the Scotch cavalry were soon after totally dispersed, and most of them taken by the Parliamentarian troops and country people.
On the arrival of the clothes, the King at once put them on, and Richard Pendrill cut his hair countrymen-fashion with a pair of shears.
The Royal company being a large one, the Pendrills ad- vised them to separate, since a troop of Parliamentarian horse was quartered at Codsal, only three miles away, (some of whom indeed rode up to White Ladies within an hour after the fugitives had left). With sad hearts, therefore, they said farewell to their King, who was at once conducted by Richard by a back door into an adjacent wood about half a mile from the house called Spring Coppice, (the name still borne by a plantation in Tong parish, a small remnant of the once great wood).
The King being thus, as they trusted, in a place of safety, the Earl of Derby and the rest of the Cavaliers, in number less than 40, rode away from White Ladies towards the north by way of Newport, hoping to overtake General Leslie and the main body of Scottish Cavalry. As soon, however, as they got into the main road (which must have been close to Tong), they were o\ertaken by Lord Leviston, colonel of the King's Life Guards, hotly pursued by a body of rebels. At once facing about they repulsed his pursuers, but when they themselves had got a little beyond Newport were in their turn menaced by enemies front and rear. In this dilemma, the Royalists, resolving to sell their lives as dearly as pos- sible, turned aside into the fields close to, but a little to the west of, Salter's Hall, where a sharp engagement took place,1
1 In 1S35, when the Shiopshire Union Canal was being made through the fields where this skirmish was fought, many skeletons were found laid in rows, as was usual after a battle
CHARLES II. AND TONG
but (their horses and themselves being thoroughly tired out) were unable to make much resistance, several were killed, others, (including the Earl of Derby and Charles Giffard), taken prisoners, and conveyed to Whitchurch, and from thence to an inn at Bunbury, in Cheshire. Here Captain Giffard managed to escape. Lord Talbot took re- fuge at his family seat at Longford, not far away from the battle ground, and concealed himself for nearly a week in an outhouse, afterwards escaping to France.1 Lord Levistun and some others saved their lives by flight, and hiding in the woods of Cheswardinc.
The Earl of Derby was brought to Chester, where he, Sir Thomas Featherstonhough (captured at Wigan), Captain John Befibow, and seven other officers were tried by a Court Martial, of which Colonel Humphrey Mackworth, Governor of Shrews- bury, was President, Major-General Mytton, of Halston, and Captain Vincent Corbet, of Adderley, members. Five, were sentenced to death, the Earl being beheaded at Bolton, Oct. 15 ; Sir Thomas at Chester, Oct. 17 ; and Captain Ben- bow shot at Shrewsbury Castle, Oct. 16.2
The Earl of Cleveland, who was over 60 years of age, and had spent 21 days in the saddle, managed to escape from Worcester, and reach Woodcote, between Tong and Newport, but was there taken prisoner, and carried to Stafford, being subsequently immured in the Tower of London.
To return, however, to the King. After a day spent in battle, and a night in flight, his Majesty was compelled to pass most of Thursday (Sept. 4) crouching under a blanket at the foot of a tree in Spring Coppice, the ram pouring in- cessantly the greater part of the time, though, as the King himself said, this was really a good thing for him. His own account is as follows: — "I set myself at the edge of the
1 Lord Talbot (who succeeded his father as 11th Earl of Shrewsbury, 1653), was mortally wounded in a duel by George Villiers, Duke of Buckingham, his companion in arms at Worcester, and fellow fugitive to White Ladies and Newport, March 16, 1607-S, and was buried at Aibrighton, April 10, 1668.
2 " i'he sentence ol Coll. Mackworth dispatched Benbow because he had been a soldier under him." (Reliquice Baxtetiance, i., 69). 11 is burial is thus entered in the Register of St. Chad's, Shrewsbury: — 1651, Oct. 16, John Benbowe, captaine, who Was shott at the Castle, bur.
CHARLES II. AND TONG.
wood the better to see who came after us, and whether they made any search after the runaways, and I immediately saw a troop of horse coming by, which I conceived to be the same troop that beat our 3,000 horse, but it did not look like a troop of the Army's, but of the Militia, for the fellow before it did not look at all like a soldier. In this wood I stayed all day without meat or drink ; and by great good fortune it rained all the time, which hindered them, as J believe, from coming into the wood to search for men that might have fled thither. And one thing is remarkable enough that those, with whom I have since spoken of them that did join with the horse upon the Heath, did say it rained little or nothing with them all the day, but only in the wood where I was, this contribut ing to my safety."
This troop which he saw, rode up to White Ladies, and de- manded if the King and some of his comrades had not passed that, way, and if the inhabitants could give any information of them. The answer they received was that some horsemen had indeed been there about three hours ago, but had made no stay. So eager were they to follow, that, after enquiring which way they had taken, the Parliamentarians started in pursuit of the Cavalry retreating to Newport, and made no search of the neighbourhood.
All day the King remained among the trees, Richard Pen- drill being constantly with him, and sometimes his scouts, Humphry and George, John having gone as guide with Lord Wilmot to Moseley. Then, at 5 p.m., he left the Coppice, and attended by these three brothers and Francis Yates, their brother-in-law, made his way to Hubbal Grange, Richard Pen- drill's home.1 It had been arranged that he should go under
1 The present Hubbal Grange is very different from what it was in 165 1. The map of 1739 shows a great many buildings which arc now gone. In that year the farm was the largest in area in the parish ; in 1856 it had dwindled down to 86.^ acres, and now ( 1907 ) it is simply a labourer's cottage with no land attached. Most of the original buildings were pulled down at tiic very beginning of the 19th century, soon after Mr Gejr^e Durant, then owner, attained his majority. In 1556 Hubbal was the home of George Ste.MUon, husbandman, and subse- quently it became the residence of the I'endrills, who were (according to the D'tLtionary of National filoifraphy) in some way connected with the Gillards of C'mllington, and held Hubbal on a l.-ase of lives under them. It had been the Grange Kami of Blackhtdies Convent, and came into the possession of the Gillardi at the Dissolution of Ueligious Houses in 1538.
184
CHARLES II. AND TONG.
the name of William Jones, a woodcutter, just come into the neighbourhood in search of work.
'" Against his coming, the goodwife [Mary, wife of Richard] for his entertainment for supper was preparing a fricasy of bacon and eggs, and whilst this was doing the King held on his knee their daughter Nan.1 After he had eaten a little, he asked Richard to eat, who replied : ' Yea, sir, I will.' Whereto his Majesty answered ; ' You have a better stomach than I, for you have eaten five times to-day, already.' " Supper ended, the King, having made up his mind to escape to Wales, if possible, proposed to leave as soon as it was dark, but be- fore he went, Jane Pendrill, mother of the five brothers (who lived in another part of the Grange) came to see him, and thanked God that He had so honoured her children in making them the instruments, as she hoped, of the King's safety and deliverance. His Majesty, being short of money for imme- diate expenses, Yates offered him 30s., but only 10s. were accepted.
From Hubbal, Charles, attended by Richard only, directed his steps towards Madeley. But on the way, soon after pass- ing through Tong, the two had an exciting adventure at Evelith Mill, where the miller, anxious for the safety of "some of the King's scattered soldiers " hiding in his mill, and tak- ing the two travellers for Parliamentarians in pursuit, rushed out with a cudgel and challenged th. .1. The King and his companion, not knowing the man's loyalty, jumped into the water and waded through out of his sight. On arrival at Madeley, however, they discovered all the means of passage across the Severn strictly guarded, and were compelled to return by a night march, alter having spent all Friday hiding in a hay barn. On Saturday morning, therefore (Sept. (>), at about 5 a.m., they reached IJoscobel, having called at White Ladies, but not at Hubbal, on the journey back.
1 the local legend that Charles was concealed in the Hubbal baking oven is seen to be baseless by anyone who examines it. It is too small for even a little man +o get into, and the King was above the average height. There was also no need for such a place of refuge while he was at Hubbal, since he was in no way disturbed during his short visit.
Anne Pendrill married John Rogers, her brother Laurence's tenant at Hubbal.
CHARLES II. AND TONG.
When nearing their destination, Richard left him comrade in the Coppice, and went on ahead to see if there were any soldiers about, or if any danger threatened. At the house itself he fell in with Colonel William Careless, of Lord Talbot's troop, to whom had been entrusted the hazardous duty of keeping off pursuers I ill the King had got some dis- tance on his High! ; and who, Having seen the last man killed at Worcester, had with much difficulty made his escape into his own country, and "after he had been two days at one David Jones,1 living in the Heath in Tong parish, and there by him secured, was brought by One, Elizabeth Burgess, to this same house of Boscbbel/ Richard at once led him to where he had left the King, and after a short consultation, his Majesty and the Colonel went together into the wood, and at about g o'clock on Saturday morning (Sept. C), by the help of William Pendrill's ladder, climbed into the boughs of a large oak, and there " abode
Till all the paths were dim, And far below the Roundhead rode, And humm'd a surly hymn." Situated as the tree was in a rather open spot, near a horse- track running through the wood, they could see some soldiers at an uncomfortable proximity searching for fugitives, who, as appears from the State Papers, were put off the scent by William's wife. For a warrant was issued, in 1663, for £100 " for Joan Pendrill, the person who gathered sticks, and diverted the horsemen from the tree2 his Majesty was in."
1 There are the following entries relating to David Jones in the Tong Register : —
1639, Oct. 12. Mary, daughter of David and Eleanor Jones, bap. 16S8, July 7. Elianor, wife of David Jones, buried. 1700-1, Feb. I. David Jones buried.
2 Mr. Alan Fea, in the Flight of the King (pp. 48 50) effectually proves that the present " Royal Oak" cannot be the identical tree in which tlie King and Careless hid. Blount, writing in 1660, says that all the young branches had been cut away by relic hunters ; Samuel Pcpys, in 1702, that then only the trunk remained, and that had been nearly cut in two; John Evelyn in 1704 that the tree was then dead owing to the hacking of the boughs and bark. The London Post of Aug. 19-21, 1700, announces that according to advice received lately from Staffordshire, the oak, called the Royal Oak, had been blown down by a storm of wind. Dr. Stukeley in 1713 describes the present tree as a young thriving plant growing beside the old stump from one ot its acorns ; and the late
Vol. VII., 3rd Series Y
i86
CHARLES II. AND TONG.
But previous to taking refuge in the tree, Careless sent Richard Pendrill to Wolverhampton to buy provisions, and "to speak with one Mr. George Mainwaring (a person of known integrity and loyalty)1 about the means of escape, though not expressly for the King, but one of that ruined party " Humphry, the miller of W hite Ladies, was also or- dered to Shifnal for news, and here he learned that the price of £1,000 had been set on the King's head, and a death penalty on all who concealed him. Towards evening, the two com- panions descended by the ladder, and his Majesty retired to the garden of the house, where he sat in a small arbour till darkness fell. That night he passed in one of the Boscobel hiding places. Rising early on the Sunday morning (Sept. 7), he spent much time in devotion " in the gallery near the secret place where he had lain." In this room he had also the advantage of a window through which he could watch " the road from Tong to Breewood."2 On going downstairs, he retired to the garden, and devoted several hours to reading in the arbour. Finally, at about 10 p.m. (all arrangements for his departure having been successfully made by John Pen- drill), Charles started for Moseley on Humphrey's mill-horse, attended by all the five Pendrills, and their brother-in-law, Yates. And with this ended the Royal adventures in Tong and its neighbourhood.3
The very next day after the King's departure (i.e., Monday, Sept. 8), Boscobel House was twice searched, first with civility
Rev. W. A. Leighton (Transactions, Vol. I., August, 1878), told how an aunt of his coul'l remember the old and young trees standing side by side about 1 765. Certainly, apart from all this, the present oak could not have been large enough 255 years ago to have been chosen among so mrny other older and bigger trees.
1 Probably the Captain George Mainwaring " who did sometime Com'and in Cheife at Tongue Castle," in the first Civil War, "his continuance in that com'and being from iS July to the last of October 1644." (See the letter from Prince Rupeit, preserved among the Ottley Tapers, and printed in the Transactions, Se.ies 2, Vol. VIII., p. 289).
2 Now Hubbal Lane.
3 Richard Radford, blacksmith, of ShacUerley, who died in 1847, aged 78, used to declare that one of his great great-grandparents was born nine months after the Royal visit, and that he himself was a descendant (illegitimate) of Charles II., to whose portraits he was said to bear a remarkable resemblance. But the name Radford is not found in the Donington Register before 1794. Possddy someone noted the likeness, and the remark gave rise to the legend, not unlikely when we know the Ring's after-character.
CHARLES II. AND TONG.
187
by part of the County Troop ; and then by men under one Broadway, of Shifnal, who had formerly been a heel-maker but was now Captain of Militia, These latter consumed all the provisions they found, plundered the house of what was portable, and one of them presented a pistdl at William Pen- drill and greatly frightened his wife. But neither troopers nor militia were able to gain any information concerning the royal fugitive.
The same fate befel White Ladies the day following. A cornet of the Cavalier Army who had been taken prisoner, confessed that his Majesty had certainly taken refuge there, for he had ridden with him. A very strict search was there- fore made ; every chamber, closet, and corner was examined, wainscots and partition-walls broken down, every little nook and cranny sought out. Then Mr. George Giffard, " who occupied an apartment in the house," was questioned, and with loaded and cocked musket pointed at his breast, was threatened with instant death if he did not at once produce the King. He, however, stoutly denied that he knew the King, though confessing that many persons had come to the house the night after the battle, yet declaring that they had all gone away after having had some refreshment. The soldiers thereupon " soundly banged the cornet for telling a lye," and rode off.
It having subsequently leaked out that some of the Pendrill brothers had been instrumental in hiding the King, William was twice summoned to Shrewsbury and " questioned by Captain Fox, and one Llucllin, a sequestrator ;ni while Richard was " much threatened by a peevish neighbour at White Ladies." And (as has been mentioned before) Robert Burd was " utterly ruined," and Francis Yates, of Brewood, put to death, for the parts they had played in the flight of the King.
1 John Llewellyn, of Little Drayton, co. Salop. On 24 July, 1650, the Committee fur sequestrations, co. Salop, requested the London I ommittce for Compounding to give an oider that " fhomas Vox and John Llewellyn, who are persons responsible ioi what they undertake, and have estates in this county," be appointed agents for compounding. " They will be content with 4s. per diem between them."
i88
CHARLES II. AND TONG.
Boscobcl House, it may be added, was a third time a refuge for a fugitive, for after the defeat of the Royalist rising in Cheshire, under Sir George Booth, in August, 1659, Lord Brereton found sanctuary there.
There is no allusion made in the Tong records to the ex- citing events that took place in the parish during the autumn of 165 1, unless the following entry in the Churchwardens' Accounts refers to a special preacher sent down by the Par- liament to discourage loyalty : —
£ s. d.
Given to a minister which preached 2 sermons ye
5'th of October, 165 1 050
References, however, may be found in those of other places to the horrors that followed the Royal defeat at Worcester, as e.g., the use of Shropshire churches as prisons for the un- fortunate Highlanders, before they were sold as slaves and sent to the plantations; e.g., the Churchwardens of the Abbey, Shrewsbury,
£ s. d.
1 65 1. Payd John Smith for makeinge cleane S.
Giles Church after the Scots ... ... o 2 o
After the Restoration of the Monarchy, on Wednesday, 13th June, 1660, the five brothers attended his Majesty at Whitehall, when he owned their faithful service and " graciously dismissed them with a princely reward. "
On June 6, 1 663, the King, whom they had succoured in his dire necessity, gave as a free gift " ye sume of 100 li. in full of an order of 200 h., to be equally divided " amongst William Pendrill, Richard Pendrill, Humphry Pendrill, John Pendrill, and George Pendrill. The receipt (which is in the Salt Library at Stafford) bears the marks of all the brothers ex- cept Richard, who had, on June 2.4, given Francis Coffyn power of Attorney to act for him. Richard describes him- self as * of Hobball Grainge, in the county of Salop, yeoman."
Twelve years later by Letters Patent, dated July 24, 1675, perpetual pensions were assigned to
£ s. d
Mary, widow of Richard Pendrill, and Richard
Pendrill's heirs ipo o
CHARLES II. AND TOKG. 189
£ s- d-
William Pendrill, and his heirs ... ... ... 100 o o
John Pendrill, and his heirs (100 marks) ... ... 66 13 4
Humphry Pendrill (100 marks) ... ... ... 66 13 4
George Pendrill (100 marks) ... :*. . ... 66 13 4
Elizabeth Yates [whose husband had been exe- cuted] 66 13 4
The pension of Mary Pendrill was a grant of the annual payments due to the Grown from lands at Lilleshall, formerly the property of the Abbey.
John had received, in addition to the gift of 1663, a further reward of £200 given by a royal warrant dated Nov. 19, 1674.
Others received well earned sums, e.g., Charles G lifard./^oo, and Robert Burd, £$p, per aim. for life. These payments seem to have been irregularly made, as the following shows : — " The humble petition of Anne Rogers, wife of John Rogers [of Hubbal Grange], and late daughter of Richard Pendrill, deceased : — That alter the decease of the said Richard Pen- drill [on Feb. 8, 1 67 1 -2], your Majesty was graciously pleased to grant to your petitioner and her said husband a pention of £iuu per ami. payable out of the Annual Tenths of the Clergy of England : That there is now due of the said pen- tion £125, and the same being the onehe support of your peti- tioner, her husband and her five children, the want thereof with the great charges of attendance in London for some former arrears (since paid) forced him to contract severall small debts to supporte himself and family, for which he was lately cast into Shrewsbury Gaole, where he remains in a poor and distressed condition, and is altogether uncapable of ob- tayning his freedom or of administering any relief to his helpless family to preserve them from perishing, without your Majesty's grace and favour. Wherefore your petitioner humbly prays that your Majesty will be graciously pleased to order the speedy payment of the said £125, whereby her hus- band may be released from prison and shee rcpaire home to her family's relief."
The Pendrill family, being Roman Catholics, are not men- tioned in the Tong Church Register themselves ; but in the
igo
CHARLES II. AND TONG.
May 20, 1668"
Church Chest are several Deeds of Settlement bearing their names as sureties, e.g. : —
Humphry Pendrill, of Bloxwich parva,
Staffordshire, yeoman. George Pendrill/ of Hednesford, Stafford- shire, yeoman.
July 10, 1669 John Pendrill, of Albrighton, Shropshire, husbandman.
Feb. 2, 1670-1 George Pendrill, of the parish of Kanocke,
Staffordshire, gentleman. July 13, 1695 Thomas Pendrill, of Kiddimore Green, in the parish of Brewood, yeoman. Richard Pendrill, of the aunccient extra-
parochial of White Laydys. Jan. 3, 1707-8 ]Richard How, Thomas How, Thomas How,
July 1, r7J9
junr., all of White Ladies extra-parochial. Richard Pendrill, of Essington, in the
county of Stafford, yeoman. Humphry Pendrill, son of Frances Pendrill, of Essington, in the county of Stafford, widow.
Mar. 20, 1752-3 William Howe of ye Parish of Tonge, in ye County of Salop, gentleman.
Pendrill of Hubbal Pedigree. William Pendrill, of Hubbal Grange, Tong, under-steward of the Chillington estate, died before 1651 ; he married jane , by whom he had six suns and one daughter.
(1) Richard, of Hubbal.
(2) William, caretaker of Boscobel House, 165 1, who
married Joan (she died 1669, and was buried
in White Ladies' Cemetery1), and died August, 1700.2 He had
1 The inscription on the stone is :— Here lyeth the Bodie of a Friende the King did call Dame Joane, but Now Shee is deceast and gone. Interr'd Anno Do; 1669." This stone was Lroken in 1807 by Mary Stockton (" Molly Stocking") a servant at Meesehill, Tong, for scouring-sand ; replaced 1853 by subscription ; again broken about 1900 by holiday makers, and again replaced in 1905 by D. Jones, Esq., of Kilsall Hall.
2 " We have advice from Staffordshire that one Pendrill (being the last of the family that was instrumental in saving King Charles II. after the battle of Woicester) has departed this life." (London Post, Aug. 19-21, 1700}.
CHARLES II. AND TONG. I91
(i) William, of Boscobel, died March 7, 1707, buried in White Ladies Cemetery,1 leaving a daughter Catherine, wife of Thomas Howe.
(1) Mary married Thomas Howe, of White
Ladies, by whom she had a son Thomas, who m. his cousin Catherine Pendrill, and whose son was William Howe, of Tong.
(2) Frances married — Jones.
(3) Anne married — Lloyd.
(4) Elizabeth.
(3) Humphrey, of White Ladies' Mill, 1651, married
Eleanor (she died 17 10), and died at Blox-
wich, 1687-8.
(4) John, woodman, of White Ladies, 165 I ; afterwards
of Beamish Hall, Albrighton.
(5) Thomas, a soldier, killed at Stow on the Wold,
Gloucestershire, March 22, 1645-6.
(6) George, servant at White Ladies, 165 1 ; after-
wards of Hednesford, co. Stafford, yeoman. (1) Margaret married Francis Yates, of Langley Lawn, who died circa 1661.
Richard Pendrill, of Hubbal Grange, married Mary ,
(whose will is dated March 25, 1689), aRd at his death, Feb. 8, 167 1 -2, left 4 sons and 4 daughters, 5 of whom died without issue, of the other three : —
(1) Laurence, of Hubbal Grange, left one son.
(2) Thomas, of Kiddemore Green, co. Stafford, left
5 children.
(1) Anne married John Rogers, tenant of Hubbal Grange under her brother, by whom she had 5 children, of whom John was of Hubbal in 17 16, but of Boningale in 1723-4, when his wife, Mary, was buried at White Ladies, on Feb. 2. This change was no doubt owing to the lapse of the
1 The inscription is : - Here lyeth the body ot William Pendrill, of Baska- bcll, son to him that preserved the King, who dyed March 7th Anno Dom. 1707.'
I92
CHARLES II. AND TONG,
Hubbal lease. John Rogers, sen., was buried at White Ladies Cemetery in August, 1700.
Iter Carolinnm.
,ir , , ( Battle of Worcester. Sept. 3, Wednesdays . . . .
v J y (Might of the king to White Ladies.
Arrival at White Ladies at day break.
King spends day under tree in Spring
Sept. 4, Thursday \ Coppice.
At 5 p.m. starts for Madeley, calling at
Hubbal.
fKing spends day in a hay barn at Sept. 5, Friday \ Madeiey.
(.Starts to return to Boscobel in evening.
/-Reaches Boscobel at 5 a.m. Sept. 6, Saturday J Day spent in Oak Tree with Careless.
[Night in Boscobel hiding place.
/Ming spends day in Gallery and Garden Sept. 7, Sunday J of Boscobel.
[At 10 p.m. leaves for Moseley.
193
SHREWSBURY PAVING AND OTHER ACCOUNTS, 54 HENRY III., 1269-fo.
A Roll Preserved among the Borough Records.
Transcribed and Edited by the Rev. C . H . DRJNK. WATER, M . A .
THE first twenty lines of this ancient document are so im- paired by damp and careless handling as to he almost useless. The few words, which are decipherable, only show that the same formulas are used as are found in the sequel. The hopes entertained of finding some topographical allusions are, with one exception,1 not realised. The majority of the place- names occur elsewhere. The principal interest attaches to the record of wages paid to various classes of workmen, the hiring of transport (carts, barges and boats), and to the amounts of weekly tolls taken at the three gates. Allusion is also made to repairs of one postern, to the formation of a sewer, and to the underpinning of the wall of the town. That water carriage was necessary for stone quarried at a distance need not surprise us, for the roads were bad, especially in the winter.2 Carts were employed only between the quarry and the river, and between the wharf and the places where the stone was wanted. From quarried stone being exclusively used, it may be inferred that waterworn pebbles had not then been thought of, and we may believe that the pavement con- sisted of rough slabs fitted as best they might be, similar to what is seen even now in Belgium in out of t lie way districts, notably on part of the road through the forest between Brussels and Waterloo a few years ago. In the reign of Hen. 111., as indeed previously, the Welsh were very trouble-
1 Line 287.
3 These accounts run from November, 1269, to May, 1270.
Vol. VII., 3rd Series. W ,
IQ4 SHREWSBURY PAVING AND OTHER ACCOUNTS,
some, and it had become a matter of vital importance to have the towns strongly fortified, and the streets fit for the rapid and unimpeded transit of troops with their impediment a > when occasion arose, and so we find that writs of tnuragiutn were frequently issued, but there is no record of writs of pavagiitm in the Calendars (though such must have been granted to warrant the diversion of the tolls to such a pur- pose), until 1277, the sixth year of the following reign, that is seven years later. But neither the 111 it rage nor the pavage were considered sufficient for a long period, as the issuing of writs for both these objects seems to prove. The condition of the streets within the walls must have been deplorable, and we cannot wonder that gangs of uen were employed to clear away the refuse ( Intum) in advance of the paviours. Fairs and markets were usually held in the streets and churchyards ; grain was threshed out in every open space ; cattle (pastured outside) lay about all night ; pigs wallowed around the mixens, and all sanitary arrangements were, to say the best, primitive. That fevers and other disorders was rife, and the death rate in ordinary times very high, need not surprise people of the present day, and when, every few years, there was a recurrence of either plague or sweating sickness, we can understand why the population was more than decimated. The paving of the streets was a step in the right direction, but the other abuses remained for generations, and were only re- moved when all danger of invasion was taken away by the complete subjugation of the Welsh princes and the conse- quent expansion of the town limits.
As the translation of the whole of this document would have unduly lengthened the paper, it may suffice to give, as a specimen, that of one week's accounts.1 Receipts and dis- bursements are not supposed to balance, and no notice is taken of deficiency or excess: —
§ RECEIVED on the Sunday next before the Annunciation of St. Mary in the 54th year of the King's reign [March 2 3rd! 1270].
1 Namely, that which begins on line 234.
54 HENRY III., 1269-70.
1 95
§ From the gate towards the Abbey by the hands of Nicolas
Rudde & Adam le Kyng, 4.S. § From the gate under the Castle by the hands of Roc Ratel
and Robert the Skinner, 4.S. § From the gate of St. George by the hands of Rcyner dc
Modes and William Locksmith, 34-d. § EXPENDED in the same [week].
§ in one barge of Tewkesbury carrying rock from Umngton up to the Friars Preachers in three journeys, 3.S. less 3.d.
§ to three masons fixing stone (or rock) in the pavement, to one 20.d., to another 1 8.ch, to a third i6.d.
§ to two men waiting upon the aforesaid masons, 20.d.
§ to Rcyner le Freremon in the quarry, I4.d.
§ to two other workmen breaking (or splitting) stone in the quarry, 17.CI.
§ to four other workmen there, 28. d., & to Richard le palmer
for carting sand, 28. d. § to the smith for repairing the tools of the paviours, 5-d. § to two masons fixing the stone in the pavement during four days, iO.d.
§ to Stephen Greythe for a cart bringing stone to the pave- ment four days, 23-d. § in two carts bringing a hundred loads of stone from the
quarry to the river at the cliff, y.s, § to John the excavator, in accordance with the agreement, about the ditch behind the walls, 6.s. [N.B. — Receipts, jos. iod. ; expenditure, £1 10s. id. ; difference, 19s. 3d.].
[The other weeks are similarly recorded].
The historians of Shrewsbury intimate that the paving of the town was done in obedience to a royal command, in order to facilitate the movement of soldiers and their impedimenta. It is quite evident that the order was rather hastily complied with, and that the authorities used all their energies 111 carry- ing it out. Two quarries were selected, one at Beystan Hill, and the other at Downton, near Upton Magna. The first- named seems to ha\e been given up early ; perhaps the rock
IQO SHREWSBURY PAVING AND OTHER ACCOUNTS,
was not found so serviceable, though it differs but slightly from the other, both being metainorphic. The following description is that of an eminent geologist:-—" Some rough flattish slabs of irregular shape may still be had in both places. The rock is a purple grit or gritty slate. It is sedi- mentary and formed in layers, and so it would come out much in the same form, only cracked across by the many vicissi- tudes it has undergone in past geologic ages. It is so very oldr
In the case of the Downton rock, employment was given to a large number of men. Carts were employed both in the quarry itself and in conveying the stone to the barges at Uffmgton, which, when loaded, were towed up the river to the wharf at Frerelode,1 whence again the stone was trans- ferred to other carts to be taken up the bank into the town. Chaddelode,^ in one instance, is said to have been the place of transhipment, no doubt for repairs to walls in that direc- tion. As the streets are nut named, we may suppose that only the direct road through the town was paved, from the east gate {Porta versus Abbathiani) to the gate under the Castle and to St. George's gate. The narrower streets and lanes were on a different footing, and were probably neg- lected. Masons were employed to fit the stones together, and to lay them even, labourers to serve the masons, and others to cart away the refuse in order that there might be a sufficient foundation for the pavement.
It is a matter of regret that no more of these interesting records have survived the centuries. We should have liked to know how long the work took before it was completed, and whether any paving was done outside the gates.3 We do not know now whence came the purplish stone which occurs so frequently in our most ancient walls and buildings, and what condition our streets were in bclore the introduction of cobble paying which, in its turn, has in late years been so largely superseded by macadam.
1 St. Mary, Water Lane. ? Crescent, Water Lane. 3 But see line 102.
54 HENRY III., I269-7O.
197
PAVING AND OTHER ACCOUNTS, A.D. 1 269 AND 12/0.
I §RECEPTUM die dominica proxima post festum Sancti dementis Pontifi.ce [Nov. 24th, 1269}
§De porta Sancti Georgii per mantis
vj.s. iiij.d. §De porta sub ('astro per manus .... §De porta versus Abbathiam 5 §EXPENSUM in eadexn \$eptimand\.
§Walterp fossatori
§
§Johanni
§ xxij.dies.
10 §. . . . lc quarera
§in p' ij.d.
§RECEPTUM die dominica .... festufh Sancti.
§De porta Sancti Georgii per manus Willelmi
xxviij.d.
§De porta sub castro per manus s . xxxiiij.d
15 §l)e porta versus Abbathiam per manus Philippi . . . . Perle iij.s. ix.d. §EXPENSUM in eadem.
§Hugone .... pro meremio . . . d vj.d.
§. . . . cisser pro meremio. ad . . . vj.d. §Gregorio fratre Baldvvyni pro meremio ad ... . xx.d. 20 §Waltero fossatori. v.s.
§Baldwyno de mardefole pro super .... Walteri fossa-
toris per totum. . . . mintaiem. [?J iij.s. §RECEPTUM die dominica proxima post festum Sancti
Nicholai episcopi anno regiii regis, lhij.'" [Dec. 8th,
heat
§De porta sub castro per manus .... Pride et 1 home
le taylor. v.s. et x.d. §De porta versus [Abbatiafn] |>er manus Henrici Shery
et Willelmi le tanner, ihj.s. 25 §De porta Sancti Georgii per manus Reyneri et Thome
fihj Petri, liij.s. et ij.d. §EXPENSUM in eadem. §Waltero fossatori. xvj.s. viij.d.
IQ8 SHREWSBURY PAVING AND OTHER ACCOUNTS,
§Ricardo filio Herberti visitatori. xij.d. pro duabus
septimanis precedentibus. §RECEPTUM die dominica proxima post festum Sancte
Lucie virginis anno regni regis. liiij.t0 [Dec. 15th,
1269].
30 §De porta versus Abbatiam per manus Willclmi de Lake. vj.s. et iij. ob
§De porta Sancti Georgij per manus Rogen le Justice et
Warini Gocli. iij.s. et j.d. §De porta sub castru per manus johannis Figyn et Colin i
Yue v.s. et iij.d. SExi'ENSUM in eadem.
§Waltero fossatori. xv.s. super predietam conuentiu'em.
35 §Fabro
§ Mic inceperunt Burgeuses frangere petram apud Bcistan
ad pauimentum Ville. §Madoco Greythe et socio suo. xviij.d. ad frangendam
petram candem. Iqmatuor all is uperaturibus ibidem, xxxij.d. §fabro pro reparac'u'e utensilium predictorum opera- torum. iij.ob.
40 §RECEPTUM die dominica proxima post festum Sancti
Thome Apostoli [Dec. 22nd, 1269].
§De porta sub castro per manus He iiij.s. viij.d.
§De porta Sancti Georgii per manus Alani Pride et Alani
Gonyl xla.d.
§De porta versus Abbatiam per manus Johannis Russel
et Johannis Cissoris. iiij.s. ij.d. minus. §EXPENSUM in eadcin. 45 §Waltcru lussatori. x.s. super predietam conuen- tiu'em.
§Maduco quarcrano et socio suu. xviijd. ad frangen
dam pctraii) ad pauimentum. §duobus aliis huminibus ipsis cuadiuuantibus. xv.d. §in cariagio petre de beystan usque ad vicum altum Ville. §in duobus caretis ducentibus sabelinum. xla.d. 50 ^ciuobu^ hominibus ponmtibus insimul petram apud
beystan. hj.d.
54 HENRY III., 1269-70.
199
duobus hominibus mundantibus vicum coram pauatores et fodentibus per totam septimanam. xvij.d.
§fabro ad facienda martella ferrca ad opus pauatorum. viijd.
§uni homini fodienti sabelinum. viij.d ob. §RECEPTUM die dominica proxima post festum Natalis
Domini Anno Regiii Regis. liij.t<J [Dec. 30. 1269]. 55 §T)e porta sub castro per m.mus Willel'mi Cissoris et
Colini [filij] Ricardi de Ellesmere. ij.s. §De porta versus Abbatiam per manus \\Talteri le
pavmer et Ricardi de Berewyke. xnij.s. §De porta Sancti Georgii per manus [hi auk space} x.d. §EXPENSUM in eadem.
§in tribus caretis carientibus petram . . . . de Dun-
tonelif usque ad aquam Sabrine per duos dies, iij.s. 60 §in .... operatoribus per iij dies, iij.s.
§. . . quatuor operatoribus ibidem .... ob. et duobus
aliis operatoribus ibidem, vj.d. §in una careta per duos dies ad sabelinum ducendum
usque ad pauimentum. x.d. §in alia careta per duos dies ad idem. x.d. §in tribus hominibus fodientibus sabelinum et implenti-
bus per (sic) duas caretas. viij.d. ob. 65 §RECEPTUM die dominica proxima post circumsico'em
domini. [Jan. 5th, 1270]. §De porta sub castro per manus Thome le colier et
Ricardi le Specer. xxvij.d. §De porta versus Abbatiam per manus RogeH filii
Laurentii et Willelmi le Kent, xij.d. §De porta Sancti Georgii per manus Roger! ffe Asferlegh.
xij.d.
§Ex?ENSlJM in eadeiii septimana. 70 §Madoco et Hugoni de Clona operariis per ij. dies. vj.d. §quatuor liominibus ipsis iuuantibus. xij.d. §in una careta ducenti sabelinum ad pa 11 aft ores per iij dies. x.d.
§duobus hominibus fodientibus sabelinum et implentibus careta m predictam per duos dies. vj.d.
200 SHREWSBURY PAVING AND OTHER ACCOSTS,
§in tribus asseris nouis et uno martello ferreo emptis ad
opus pauatorum. xvj.d. 75 §Ricardo filio Herbcrti visitatori pro tribus septimanis
prccedentibus. xij.d. §RECEPTUM die dominica * proxima post epiphaniam
domini anno regni regis. liiij.t0 [Jan. 12th, 1270). §Dc porta sub castro per ma mis Wirlelini de Novo
Burgo et Willelmi Hayrperi. viij.d. §De porta Sancti Georgii per manus Reyneri Balle et
Ricardi filii Thome le Halte. xj.d. §De porta versus Abba ti am per manus Ricardi le mercer
de Wemme el Ricardi t melon's. xiiij."rd. 80 §E£PENSUM in eadem.
§Duobus operatoribus ad deponendam subtra'c'em porte
fratrum predicatorum per duos dies et dimidiam.
vj.d. ob.
§RECEPTUM die dominico proximo post festum Sancti
Hillarii. |Jan. 19th, 1270]. §De porta versus Abbatiam per manus Willemi Mullet
et Ricardi Poune. §De porta sub castro per manus Thome cirotecarii et
Thome Brock.
85 §De porta Sancti Georgii per manus Petn/i (sic) Justiciarii. Thome cirotecarii. §EXPENSUM in eadem.
§Httgoni le quereur apud Duntcsclif per. iij. dies et
dimidiam. v'.d. ob. §tribus hominibus sibi coadiuuantibus ibidem, xiij.d. et
obolum.
§in quatuor earetis Arle eox et Nicholai Goch per. iij. dies, vj.s.
90 §in ferr< ) eiupto ad utensilia pauatorum. xij.d. §in asseris ad idem. iiij"r.d. obolimi. §ih una caret a ad sabe]inum cnriendum usque ad viam
per iiij. dies et dimidiam. xxij.d. el obolum. ^Ricardo le Boiide ( cmcnt .1 n< > | >|*o. nj. dicbiis. vij.d. et
< )1 x >lum.
§11111 operatori ad implendam caretam predictam per. iij. dies et dimidiam. iiij.d, obolum.
54 HENRY III., 1269-70. ' 201
95 §Waltero fossatori et hominibus suis. x.s. §77/. le meylur fossatori. x.s. ob.
§RECEPTUM die dominica post conuersionem Sancli Pauli. [Jan. 26th, 1270]. De porta versus Abasiam per manus* Roberti le potter et Ricardi le merser. iij. sol et. vj.d. §De porta sub cast.ro per marius Jacobi de Cestria et Ricardi Golding! v. sol. j 00 §De porta Sancti Georgii per manus Th. Selch et Roberti de Worthin. iiij.sol. §RaduIfo fabro quinque denarios. Quiiiquc operatoribus ad adiuiiandam viam extra versus Abasiam. xiij.d. et tibolum. §Benet' Stoche sex denarios. §Ricardo le ma sun. xv.d. sibi acomedatos. 105 §Th. fossatori. x.sol. § Ricardo Herber vj.d. Hugorie quarrerio vj.d. et ob. tribus hominibus coa- diuuantibus ipsum. xviij.d. et ob. et qua. §EXPKNSUM die purificac'onis Sancte Marie. [Feb. 2nd, 1270].
De porta Sancti Georgii per manus Willelmi Gerard et Alani Yve. xl.d. 1 10 De porta sub castro per manus Roberti Kelyng et Th. Loche. v.sol.
De porta versus Abasiam per manus Th. Haht et Dicon
le archer, iiij.sol. et ob. Reginaldo homini fratrum. xiiij.d. quatuor hominibus ipsum cOadiuiiantibus. xxviij.d. Radulfo de Coles et Stephano Greythe cariendis petram
de la Cliue de duntun usque ad aquam. v.sol. 115 Ricardo le masun. xv.d.
Ricardo le paviner de la cotes, xv.d. Roberto de Aldemare. xv.d. duobus operatoribus. xiiij.d.
Ricardo le botrnvn Cariendo petram per. v. dies de la Cliue de dontvn usque Sabrinam. xxv.d. 120 RecEPTUM (life dominica ante festum Sancte fuliane Virgin is. | Feb. 9th, 1 270].
Vol. VII., 3rd series. X
202 SHREWSBURY PAVING AND OTHER ACCOUNTS,
de porta sub castro per manus Rogeri Sprot et Th.
Borrey iij.sol. et vj.d. de porta Sancti Georgii per manus Petri Perle et
Hugonis Scheie, lj.sol. et vj.d de porta versus Abasiam per manus Ricardi le Dunfohe
et Johannis Fecke [blank].
§Ex?ENSUM in eadem. 125 §Reginaldo le freremon ad frangendum in quarera per illam septimanam, xiij.d. §cuidam alii homini frangenti ibidem, lx.d §quinque aliis operatoribus in predicta quarera per
quinquc dies, xxj.d.ob. §in careta Ricardi St uric ad ducendam petram de aqua iuxta f rat res predicatores usque ad pauimentum per ij. dies, xiiij.d. §in duabus caretis ducentibus petram de quarera ad aquam per. ij. dies et dimidiam. ij.s. v.d. 130 §in duabus aliis caretis ad idem. ij.s. per ij. dies.
§in vna careta ducente sabelinum ad pauimentum per ij. dies. x.d.
§in alia careta ducente sabelinum ad idem per. v. dies et
dimidiam. liij. dies. xx.d. §in una careta ducente petram de quarerio ad aquam per
iiij. dies et dimidiam. xxij.d.ob. §Vni homini iuuanti ad implendam dictam caretam cum
sabeli.no. v.d.
135 §iti vno pikoys nouo ad o|)iis pa^aateorutri iij.s.ob. et pro asscns ad utensilia sua. Indies. [? d.] IBpnde cementario. xij.d. ad ponendum petram in paui- mento.
§Vni alii cementario ponenti petram. viij.d.
§Duobus hominibus portantibus petram cum -a ad
panatores. ii j. vj.d. q«? et alii, iiij.tl.ob. pro quinque
diebus alius [styt ?\ vij.d. |R ECEPTUM diedominica proxima sci/zV^/ Sancti Jul
(Feb. 1 6th, 1 270). 140 IReceptum die dominica proxima scilicet Sancte Juliane
vuginis anno regni regis. lnij.to
54 HENRY III., 126970.
§De porta sub castio per manus Johannis Figyn et
Willelmi Scathcloch. mj.s. §De porta Sancti Georgii per manus Baldwyni de Mar-
deuol et W arini Lenten, lj.s. vj.d. §De porta versus Abbatinm per manus *WilIelmi le child
et Roberti le capellerc. lij.s. §EXPENSUM in cadem. 1-45 SReynero quarerio. xiiij.d. et uni alii homini ibidem.
ix.d.
§quatuor operatoribus ibidem in quarera. xxvnj.d.
§in duabus caret is Hankyni et Stephani del cotes per
totam septimanam in quarera ducentibus petram
usque ad aquam. §in vna careta cujusdam hominis de Vpton per vj. dies.
xxx. d.
§in vna careta per duos dies ad idem, xij.d. 1 50 §in vno batello de Theukesburya ducente petram de aqua apud Ofiton usque ad fratres predicatores per vj. dies, vij.s.
§in duobus cementarns ponentibus petram in pauimento
per vj. dies uni eorum xvj.d. et alii. xv.d. §duobus hom-iiiibus ipsis deseruientibus et alns paua-
toribus. xiij.d. §in una careta ducente sabelinum ad pauiamentum per
iiij. dies. xx. d. §in aliis duabus caretis ducentibus petram de aqua iuxta
fratres usque ad pauimentum. uni eorum pro tribus
diebus. xvnj.d. et alij pro lij. diebus. ij.s. 155 §\Villelmo de Rovvelawe pro. utensilibus ferreis ad opus
pauatorum. xxv.s. §duobus hominibus euacuantibus lutum in via regali
coram pauatoribus. v.d. SWiHclmo filio Stephani. vj.d. visitatori. §\Villelmo fossatori. x.s.
§in tribus tribuhs ferratis ad pauimentum. vj.d. 100 SR.ECEPTUM die dommica proxima post festum Cathedre
Sancti Petri. [Feb. 23rd, 1 2/0]. §De porta Sancti Georgii per manus Walteri le Norreys
et Ru .mli panncntarij. xx.d.
204 SHREWSBURY PAVING AND OTHER ACCOUNTS,
§De porta sub castro per ma mis Koc Tupct et Rogeri de
Wemme mercer, v.s. §De porta versus Abbatiam per manus Thome Clech et
Th. Shorn, nj.s. lj.d.ob. §EXPENSUM in eadem. 165 §duobus cementariis ponentibus petram in pauimento.
vni. xvj.d. et alii. xv.d. §duobus himinibus ipsis deseruientibus. xiij.d. qua
§fabro pro reparac'o'e vtensilium pauatorum. vij.d. §in vna caret a ducente sabelinum ad pauimentum per
v. dies. xxv. d. §in tribus caretis ducentibus petram de aqua iuxta fratres
usque ad pauimentum. xxx.d. per duos dies. §Henrico cemenlario et vni alii ccmentario ad reparandum
et supponendam posternam Sancti Rumoldi. iij.s.
et ij.d.
170 §duobus hominibus ipsis deseruientibus. xiiijor.d. §fabro pro shut pinge vtensilium ipsorum. j.d. §Willelmo Rothelond ad querendum sex batellos plenos
petre de quarero usque ad predictam posternam.
vj.d.
§Reyncro le freremon quarerario apud le clif. xiiijor.d. §duobus aliis quarerariis ibidem, xvj.d. 175 §quatuor aliis operatoribus in quarera. xxv.d.
§in quatuor caretis per. v. dies in quarera ducentibus
petram usque ad aquam. §in una careta per duos dies ad idem. x.d. §in una careta per unum diem et dimidiam. lx.d. §in una careta per tres dies et dimidiam ad idem, xxj.d. 180 §de porta Sancti Georgij per manus Tho le uileyn et
Willelmi Gangelard. xvij.d. §de porta sub castro per manus Th. K'et1 carpenterii et
alii Th. carpentarij. xl.d. §de porta versus Abasiam per manus Nicholai de Nortun
et Willelmi Peg. xxxij.d. §EXPENSUM m eadem.
§duobus cementariis ponentibus petram in pauimento uni
1 Erased
5.4 HENRY III., 1269-70.
205
eorum. xv.d. et alii, xvnj.d. 185 §duobus hominibus ipsis deseruientibus. xvj.d.ob. §Johanni fossatori. xxus.
§Nicholas dc Sallowe ad ducendam petram de quarera
usque ad fralrcs prodica tores. x').s. §Haukino earetario del cplen pro Gltreta ducente petram
de aqua iuxta fratres usque ad pauimentum. vj.s. §Vni alii earetario ad idem per. lij. dies, xviij.d. 190 §Stephano Greythe pro eareta sua ducente sabelinum per
tres dies. xv.d. §fabro pro reparac'o'e vtensilium pauatoruni. xxxj.d.ob. §Reynero le frereiuon. xiiijor.d. duobus hominibus aliis
ibidem frangentibus petram. ix.d. §tribus hominibus operantibus in quarero per duos dies.
lj.ob.
§RECEPTUM die dominica proxhna ante festuin Sancti Gregorij Pontificis. [March 9th, 1270). 195 §De porta Sancti Georgii per manus Henrici Charite pis- toris. xv.d.
§De porta sub castro per manus Willelmi Glauegos et
Ricardi le masun. xxxj.d. §De porta versus Abbatiam per manus Willelmi de
Cantelop et Rogeri P alii. xlta.d. §EXPENSUM 111 eadem. §Bonde cementario. xv.d. 200 §duobus aliis cementanis ponentibus petram in paui-
mento. uili corum. xx.d. et alii, xvnj.d. §quatuor hominibus ipsis deseruientibus. xxxj.d.ob. §Reynero le freremon operanti in quarera. xiiij.ord. §duobus aliis hominibus ibidem frangentibus. xvnj.d. Squatuor aliis operatoribus in quarera. xxviij.d. 205 §fabro pro sharpingc [sic] vtensilium quarere. iiij.d.ob. §Galfrido Kecli ad implendaiii caretam de sabelino. pro
ista septimana et alia precedenti. xij.d. §Nicholas de Sallowe pro batello ducente petram de
quarera usque ad fratres predicatores. xj. vicibus
xj.s.
§Willelmo filio Stephani Visitatori. vj.d. §in asseris ad vtensilia pauatorum : v.d.
2o6 SHREWSBURY PAVING AND OTHER ACCOUNTS,
210 §Nicholai de Sallowe pro batello ducente petram. xij.
vicibus. xij.s. §Haukyno Caretano del coten. nj.s. vj.d. in quarera. §Rogero Greythe. nj.s. pro careta sua in quarera. ix.J. §Ricardo le paviner pro careta sua ducente sabelinum ad
pauimentum. xxj.d. §Stephano Greythe pro careta sua. xxxij.d. 215 §Thome Champeneys pro caretis suis duabus ducentibus
petram de aqua iuxta f rat res usque ad pauimentum.
\ j. sol.
§Rogero Pungh pro careta sua m quarera. xlt0.d.
homini. xxxij.d. §Colino Shitte et Ricardo Sturie pro caretis suis per unum
diem ad ducendam petram ad aquam. xij.d. §REQEPTUM die dominica proxima post festum Sancti
Grcgorii pontificis (pp '). | March l6th, 1270). §De porta versus Abbatiam per manus Ricardi de Brug
et Alani Reymund. xvj.d. 220 §De porta sub castro per manus Wanni Leuerich et
Ricardi de Hadenhal. iij.s. §De porta Sancti Georgn per manus Johannis Burnet et
Th. Kilot. xix. d. §EXPENSUM in tnbus cementariis ponentibus petram in
pauimento. iiij.s. v.d. §\Villelmo de Rochelond pro batello suo ducente petram
de quarera apud Chaddelode versus aquam per duos
dies. lj.s.
§duobus hommibus seruientibus dictis pauatoribus : . xv. d.
225 §duobus aliis hominibus ipsis deseruientibus et petram portantibus. x.d. §Vni cementario supponcnte murum apud fratres pre-
dictores iuxta communem viam. viij.d. ^Reynero le freremon operante in quarera. xiij.d.
§sex aliis operatoribus in quarera xxx.d.
§fabro pro reparac'o'e vtensilium quarere lj.d.
230 §fabro pro reparac'o'e vtensilium pauatorum. x.d.
^tribus caretis 111 quadra ducentibus petram usque ad aquam apud Oliton per. ij. dies. vj.s.
54 HENRY III., 1269-70.
207
§vni carete ibidem per iij. dies, xviij.d.
§tribus caretis ducentibus sabelinum ad pauimentum et
ducentibus petram de aqua per. iij. dies, iij.s. §RECEPTUM die dominica proxima ante Annuntiac'o'em
Beate Mane anno regni regis, liuj1". [March 23rd,
1 270}
235 §De porta versus Abbatiam per manus Nicholai kudde
et Ade le Kyng. iiij.s. §De porta sub castro per manus Koc Katel et Roberti
parmeiitarii; iiij.s. §De porta Sancti Georgii per manus Reyneri de Modes
et Willelmi Locs11i.it. xxxiiij.d. §EXPENSUM in eadem.
§in uno batello de Teukesburia querente petram de
Ofiton usque ad fratres predicatores per tres vices.
iiij.s. iij.d. minus. 240 §tribus cementariis ponentibus petram in pauimento, uni
eorum. xx.d. alii, xviij.d. et tercio. xvj.d. §duobus hominibus deseruientibus predictis cementariis.
xx.d.
§Reynero le freremon in quarera. xiiij.ord.
§duobus aliis operatdrifous frangentibus petram in
quarera. xvij.d. §quatuor aliis operatoribus ibidem xxviij.d. et Ricardo
le palmer pro careta sua ad sabelinum. xxviij d. 2 15 §fabro pro reparac'o'e vtensilium pauatorum. v.d.
§duobus cementariis ponentibus petram in pauimento.
per. iij. dies, xvj.d. §Stcphano Greythe pro careta ducente sabelinum ad
pauimentum per iiij.or dies, xxhj.d. §in duobus caretis ducentibus centum carecatas pctre de
quarera ad aquam apud le clif. vij.s. §Johanni fossatori super conuent'o'em suam de fossat j
retro miiros : v j.s. 250 §RECEPTUM die dominica proxima pest Annuntiac'o'em
Beate Marie anno regni re*.ns. 1 1 1 1 j 1 * *. [March 30th,
i2;o|.
§De porta versus Abbatiam per manus Willemi filij Reyneri et Petri Talpeny. iiij.s. et viij.d.
208 SHREWSBURY PAVING AND OTHER ACCOUNTS,
§De porta sub castro per manus Philip pi Carpenter et
Henrice Burgeys. lij.s. et viij.d. §De porta Sancti Georgii per manus Ade de Tery et
Willelmi Ridi. xv.d. §EXPENSUM in eadem. 255 §tribus cementariis ponentibus petram in pauimento.
vni comm. xxd. alii, xviij.d. et tercio. xvj.d. Itribus operatoribus ipsis deseruientibus. xxv.d.ob. §G al f ridi Ket implente caretam cum sabelino. vj.d. §Ricardo le palmer pro caret a sua ducente sabelinum ad
pauimentum per iiij.or dies. ij.s. §Stephaiio Greythe pro careta sua ad sabelinum per. v.
dies. xxv. d.
260 §in duodecim nauiculatis petre [sic] ducentibus de quarera usque ad fratres. xv.s. §Reynero le freremon quarerario. xiiijor.d. §duobus aliis quarerariis. xiiijur.d. §quatuor aliis operatoribus in quarera. xxiij.d. §fabro pro reparaco'e vtensilium quarere. iij.d. 265 §tribus caretis ducentibus petram de aqua Sabrine usque ad pauimentum per iij.ur dies et dimidiam. iij"r.s. §Willelmo filio Stephani Visitatori. vj.d. §Haukyno caretario et Rogero Greythe pro caretis suis
per. iij. dies in quarera ad aquam. iijur.s. §in una careta de Vfiton in quarera ad idem per. iiij. dies, xx. d.
§RECEFrUM die dominica palmarum. |Ap. 6th, 1270]. 270 § De porta sub castro per manus Rudulli de Kent et
TlUime le taylur. xlvij.d. $De porta Sancti Georgii per manus Willelmi Charite et
Petri filii Alexandri. xxj.d. §De porta versus Abbatiam per manus Henrici le Celer
et Roger i filii Clarite. iij.s. \ iij.d. §EXPENSUM in eadem.
§trilYus cementariis ad pauimentum. iiij"rs. v.d. 275 SducVbus hominibus ipsis deseruientibus. xviij.d. ^duobus aliis operatoribus ibidem, xv.d. Sin nauicla ducente petram de quarera usque ad fratres predictores octo (o....ies) dies, x.s
54 HENRY III., 1269-70. 209
§Reynero le freremon. xiij.d. §duobus aliis frangentibus petram. xviij.d. 280 §quatuor aliis operatoribus in quarera. xxviij.d. §fabro pro reparac'o'e vtensilium quarcre. ij.d. §Galfrido Kech. vij.dob.
§in duobus carctis Willelmi Pcrle ducentibus petram de
aqua iuxta fratres usque: ad pauimentum per tres
dies, iij.s. iij.d. §in una careta Colmi Schitte pro integra septimana. iij.s. 285 §in tribus caretis ducentibus petram de quarera ad aquam
per sex dies. ix.s. §in una careta ad idem de Vfiton. xxx.d. §in duabus aliis caretis ad idem per Ires dies, xxx.d. et
per tres dies apud le Frerelode. xxxd. §in duabus caretis per vnum diem ad cariendam petram
de a(]ua usque ad pauimentum. x.d. §RECEPTUM die Pasche anno regni regis, liiijto. [Apr.
13th, i2;o|.
2()o §De porta sub castro per manus Ricardi filii Alani et
Johannis le paviuer. iij.s. §De porta versus Abbatiam per manus Alani in Into et
Ade de Chatewall. iij.s. §De porta Sancti Gcorgii per manus Willelmi filii Reinldi
et Ade de Wurthin. xviij.d. ob. §EXPENSUM in eadem.
§duabus caretis ducentibus petram de aqua iuxta fratres usque ad pauimentum. per lj. dies, iij.s. 295 §duobus cement an is. iij.s. ij.d. SBonde cementario. xv.d.
^duobus operate tribus ipsis deseruientibus. xvij.d. §Vni opcratori. lx.d.
§quatuor lioinunbus euntibus cum nauicula pro petra. xnj.d.
300 ^Nicholas de Silowr per nauiculam suam ducente petram de quarera ad aquam iiixta fratres. iij.s.
^Ruardo do Silnwv et socio sun gtil )orna nl 1 nauiculam vi lie. xxxijii.
^Jolianni foss;itori. v.s.
§pro vtensilibus ad nauiculam. x((n".d.
§duobus opdratoribus f rangentibus petram in quarera. xvj.d.
Vol. VII., 3rd Scries. Y
210 SHREWSBURY PAVING AND OTHER ACCOUNTS,
305 §quatuor aliis operatoribus ibidem, nj.s. lj.d.
§RECEPTUM die dominica proxima ante festum Sancti
Georgii anno regni regis. liiij1". [Apr. 20th, 1270]. §De porta versus Abbatiam per mamis Willelmi filii
Herny et Th. Ape. iij.s. viij.d. §De porta Sancti Georgii per manus Gregorii et Th. filii
Petri, xvj.d.
§De porta sub castro per manus YYillelmi Seyle et
Johannis Baret. iij.s. 310 §EXPENSUM in eadem.
§tribus cementariis in pauimento. xxvj.d. ob. §quatuor operatoribus ipsus deseruientibus. ij.s. §Ricardo de Salowe et socio suo pergentibus cum batello
usque ad quareram ad querendam petram. xviij.d. §quinque aliis hominibus cum ipsis ad idem. ij.s. et vj.d. 315 $Waltero quarerio et Hugoni de Clone in quarera per.
iiij. dies et dimidiam. xvj.d. §quatuor aliis operatoribus ibidem, xxiij.d. §in sex caretis ducentibus petram de quarera ad aquam
et de aqua usque ad fratres insuper ad pauimentum.
xij. sol.
§in uno nouo martello ferreo ad quareram. xx.d.
§in pane et vino misso ad vxorem domini Walteri de Hopton. xxij.d. 320 §ad pascendum ipsum dictum Walterum et Rogerum Sprengehose quum poscerint vicesimam. v.s. viij.d.
§clerico eorum pro scripta rotuli regula dimidiam marce.
§jn vlio salmohe misso ad dominum Johannem dc Swine- ford clencuni domini Regis ad debita Regis leuanda. xlj.d.
§KE( Hi'TUM die dominica proxima ante festum Aposto- torum Philippi et Jacobi anno regni regis, liiij1. [Ap. 2/th, 1270).
§De porta Georgii per manus Wurini Goh et Rogeri le 1 11 .1 ice. 1 j.s.
325 SU>c p. ill. 1 ^,lll) castro per maims Ricardi de Kllesmere et Nichohti Schitte. iij.s. j d ob. minus.
§De porta uersus Abasiam per manus Rogeri de coll yam et Philippe Grunlem. >h. xhj.d.ub.
§ Ex PEN SUM in eadem.
54 HENRY III., 1269-70.
2TI
§tribus cementanis in pauimento. iiij.s. v.d. §tribus operatoribus ipsis deseruientibus. xxviij.d.ob. 330 §duobus hominibus tradendis petram de aqua. xv.d. §Radulfo fabro. xviij.ob.
§Rogero de colham pro fcrro ct pro asseris. xxj.d.ob. ad vtensilia pauimenti reparanda.
[In (I or so.]
§RECEPTUM die dominica post festum Asumptico'is
Beate Marie. [ Aug. 17th, 1270.] §De porta Sancti Georgii per manus Ade le Bloware et Ricardi le merser. xxj.d. 335 §De porta castro per manus Radulfi nigri. Th. Scissoris. vij.s. vij.d.
§Dc porta uersus Abasiam per manus Willelmi Reyner et Petri talpeny. x.s. qua.
^Ricardo de scheltun ccmentario. xx.d.
^Ricardo le liunde. xv.d.
§Rynaldo cementario. xvj.d. 340 SSeptem carc'onibus illis coadiuuantibus. iiij.s.
§Rogero de Withintun. xiij.d.
§Reginaldo le freremon. xiiij.d.
§Th. le meilur. xiiij.d.
§Waltero quarario. xiiij.d. 345 §Madoco. ix.d.
§Sex hominibus portantibus petram in quarera. lij.s vj.d.
§Fabro pro utensilibus quarere. ij.d.ob.
§Hominibus batelli. vj.s. vj.d.
§Rogero punch pro careta sua. iij.s. vj.d. 350 §Radulfo de cotes, pro careta sua ducente petram de Sabrina usque ad pauimentum. ij.s. xj.d.
§Reginaldo caretario. ij.s. xj.d.
§Alano Webaly pro careta sua ducente petram de Sabrina
usque ad pauimentum. ij.s. xj.d. § Roberto de Aldeftiorc pro careta sua. ij.s. xj.d. §Kadulfo de coles pro careta sua. ij.s. vj.d. 355 §Rogero Creythe pro careta sua. ij.s. vj.d. §Homini Stphani le Wodeuuard. ij.s. vj.d. §lIomini battel li de uffitun. ij.s. j.d.
212 SHREWSBURY PAVING AND OTHER ACCOUNTS,
Memorandum quod die dominica proxima ante festum Sancti Gregorii Poutificc anno regni [Mch. 9, 1270] regis liiijt0 accomodati sunt, xij.d. sub in pauatores et iterum. xij.d. Item magistro pauatoris acommodati sunt, xij.d. eodem tempore et iterum. xij.d et xij.d. 360 Item Roberto Kelmgh pro prandio pauatorum. xx.s. die dominica in quindena pasche anno domini millesimo ducentesimo septuage'simo. [Apr. 27th, 1270].
PERSONAL NAMES. Adam, Alan, Baklwyn, Bcnet, Bonde, Charite, Colin, Dicon, Gal f rid, Gregory, Hankyn, Henry, Herny, Herbert, Hugh, james, John, Koc, Laurence, Madoc, Nicholas, Peter, Philip, Radulf, Reginald, Reinald, Reyner, Richard, Robert, Roger, Stephen, Thomas, Walter, Warm. William.
SURNAMES, including some trades and designations, with references. Ape, 307 ; Balle, 78 ; Baret, 309 ; Bidi, 253 ; Bonde, 136 ; Borrey, 121 ; Brock, 84 ; Burgeys, 252 ; Burnet, 221 ; Champenys, 215 ; Charite, 195, 271 ; Cissor, 43, 55 ; Clech, 163 ; Cox, 89 ; Creythe, 355 ; Fecke, 123 ; Figyn, 32, 141 ; Gangelard, 180 ; Gerard, 109 ; Glauegos, 196 ; Goch, 31, 89 ; Goh, 324 ; Golding, 99 ; Gonyl, 42 ; Greythe, 37, 1 14, 190, 212, 214, 247, 259, 267 ; Grunlemuh, 326 ; Haht, ill ; Hayrperi, 77 ; Herber, 105 ; lusticiarius, 31, 85, 324 ; Katel, 23O ; Kech, 206, 282 ; Kelyng, 1 10 ; Kelmgh, 3O0 ; Ket, 181, 257 ; Kilot, 221 ; Lenten, 142; Leuerich, 220; Loche, 110; Locsmit, 237 ; Mulle, 83 ; Niger, 335 ; Palli, 197 ; Peg, 182 ; Perle, 122, 283 ; Pride, 42 ; Poune, 83 ; Pungh or Punch, 210, 349 ; Reyner, 33O ; Rothelond, 172 ; Rudde, 235 ; Russel, 43 ; Scatheloch, 141 ; Scheie, 122; Scissor, 335; Selch, 100 ; Seyle, 309 ; Shery, 24 ; Shitte, 217, 285, 325 ; Shorn, 163 ; Sprengehose, 3 jo ; Sprot, 121 ; Stoche, 103 ; Sturie, 128, 217 ; Talpeny, 251, 33() ; T.upet, 162 ; Visitator, 28, 157, 208, 266, 208 , Webaly, 352 ; Yue, 32, 109.
DESIGNATIONS (including some trades). Le archer, 11 1 ; Le bloware, 334 ; Le bonde, 93, 338 ; Le botriivn, in) , Le eefc'r, 27 2 , I r child, I \ ] , \ .e colier, (>(> ;
54 HENRY III., I269-/O.
Le dunfohe, 123 ; Le freremon, 1 73, 192, 202, 227, 261, 278, 342 ; Le halte, 78 ; Le justice, 31, 324 ; Le kent, 67 ; Le kyng, 235 ; Le masun, 104, 1 1 5, 196 ; Le mercer, 79, 98, 334 ; Le mcylur, 96, 303, 343 ; Le moh, 326 ; Le Norrys, 161 ; Le palmer, 249, 258 ; Le pavmer, 50, 1 16, 213, 290 ; Le potter, 98 ; Le specer, 66 ; Le tanner, 24 ; Le taylor, 23, 270 , Le vileyn, 180 ; Le vvodeuuard, 356.
TRADES AND OCCUPATIONS. Carpenter, 252 ; Carcio (? garcio), 340; Caretarius, 188, 189, 211, 351 ; Cementarius, 93, 136, 137, 151, 165, 184, 199. 200, 222, 226, 240, 24O, 255, 274, 295, 296, 311, 328, 337, 339 ; Cirutecarius, 84, 85 ; Cissor, 18, 335 ; Faber, 101, 166, 205, 230, 245, 264, 281, 331, 347 ; Fossator, 0, 21, 27, 45, 95, 96, 105, 158, 18O, 249, 302 ; Mercer, 162 ; Operator, 38, 60, 61, 81, 118, 146, 175, 228, 243, 244, 25O, 297, 298, 316, 329 ; Parmen- tarius, 161, 23O ; Panator, 51, 72, 135, 155, 15O, 191, 358, 359, 360 ; Paviner, 213, 290 ; Pistor, 195 ; Ouareor or Quarerarius, 40, 87, 107, 145, 173, 179, 201, 202, 315, 344 ; Tinctor, 79 ; Visitator, 38, 75, 157, 208.
PLACE-NAMES.
Aldemare, 117, 353 ; Asterlegh, 68 ; Beistan or Beystan, 3O, 48, 50 ; Chf, 173, 248 ; Cliue, 1 14, 119 ; Clone, 70, 315 ; Colham, 332; Coten, 211 ; Cotes, J 14, 147, 350, 354; Duntesclif, 87; Duntonclif, 59; Dunton, 119; Frerelode, 287; iladenhal, 220 ; Flopton, 319 ; Loke, 30 ; Mardefole, 21 ; Mardevol, 142 ; Meoles, 237 ; Porta versus Abbatiam (also Abasiam), 4, 15, 24, 30, 43, 56, 67, 83, 98, 102, ill, 123, 143, 163, 182, 197, 219, 235, 251, 272, 291, 307, 326, 336 ; Porta sub Castro, 3, 14, 23, 32, 41, 55, 00, 77, 84, 99, 1 10, 121, 141, 1O2, 181, 19O, 230, 23O, 252, 270, 290, 309, 325, 335 ; Porta Sancti Georgii, 2, 13, 25, 31, 42, 57, 68, 78, 85, 100, 109, 122, 142, 1O1, 180, 195, 221, 237, 253, 271, 292, 308, 324, 334 ; Nortun, 182 ; Ofiton (see Ufiton below), 231, 239 ; Posterna Sancti Rumoldi, 169 ; Retro muros, 249 ; Rocheford, 223 ; Rowe- lawe, 155 ; Sallowe, 187, 207, 313 ; Silo we, 300, 301 ; Schelton, 337 ; Swineford, 322 ; Theukesburya, 150, 239 ; Ufiton, 268, 2S6, 357 ; Upton, 1 4 S ; \'ia recalls, 1 50 ; Yicus altus, 47 ; Wcmiin-1, 79, 162 ; Withifttun, 341.
214 SHREWSBURY PAVING AND OTHER ACCOUNTS,
GLOSSARY OE WORDS & THINGS ABASIA (98, in, 123, &c), a strange word, used here for
Abba tin (not in Ducangc 17 10). ASSER, or ASSERA (74, 91, 209), generally a pole or lath, here
probably either a rammer for paving, a wooden lever, or
a helve for the mattocks. BATELLUS (210, 223, 348, 357), diminutive of Batus, a boat,
Fr. bateau, here a large boat flat-bottomed, fit for
moving stones, sometimes batella, & coupled with naves
and naviculac.
CARETA (49 et passim), for Car ret a, a cart. " Et carri et carrel «e aquam et vinum fcssis et saucitis deferentes, &C." (Ducange ex Sugerio). "'Haec carecta, Anglice a carte " (15th cent. Vocabulary).
CARECATA (248), a cartload, and " CARECTARIUS, a cartar " (15"1 cent. Vocabulary).
CEMENTARIUS (93, &c), a stonemason, " a walwurhta, a dawbere " (Wright's Vocabularies).
CONVENTIO (34, 249), a covenant, an agreement, i.q. pactum.
FABER (10 1, 230, &c), a smith, a short form of faber ferrarius, a worker in iron. Smith was the general term for a worker in metals, and Wright for one who worked in wood and other materials. Hence, in the later English period smith became the particular name of a blacksmith and zv right of a carpenter, as it is still in Scotland.
FOSSATOR (20, 27, et passim), a digger or trench maker, here either a labourer, or an excavator (/iodic navvy).
FREREEODE (287), Friar's lode, now St. Mary's Water Lane, here first mentioned, but no doubt the old name, for the lode to the river & the wharf where the rock was un- loaded.
FREREMON (242), a difficult designation. I submit three con- jectures— (1) Foreman of the quarry men ; (2) Friars man, and (3) freeman to the readers of this paper.
MARTELLUS (52, 74, 318), diminutive of mart ns, a hammer, mediocris malleus.
Meremium (19), Timber. " Quccvis iihtteria lignea cedifuandis domibus apt a " : a shortened iorm of niateriamen.
NAVICULATA (200, 277, 299, 301, 303), a barge, diminutive of
54 HENRY III., 1269-70
215
navis. In Arch bp. Alfric's vocabulary N aviculariiis stands for scipivyrlit a, that is a shipwright.
OPERATOR (38 et passim), Labourer, a generic term, but also applied to particular kinds of labour, ex. qr. " Mult as alios uariarnm artitim operatores" (Alfric's Colloquy).
PANIS ET VINUM (319), Bread and wine, or rather Cake and wine. This instance of a curia I it as seems rather out of place, in a series of paving accounts. It would be of interest to know why this compliment was paid to the lady of Dominus Walter de Hopton. We may under- stand the necessity of feeding the two commissioners, in fact the historians of Shrewsbury have explained it (O. & B. i., 132) " The)' came to assess a twentieth part of moveable goods for the king's use," and it was a mark of respect due to their station. Sir Walter de Hopton was the head of the family, which derived its name from Hopton Castle, in the south-west corner of Shropshire. He was now under-sheriff, five years later he was ap- pointed a Baron of the Exchequer, and was afterwards one of the justices itinerant.
Roger Sprenghose was of an ancient family who were lords of Longnor, nr. Condover, and was now probably, as some years before, governor of the castles of Mont- gomery and Oswestry. (O. & B. ut supra).
PAVATOR (51 et passim) and Paviamentum (153, &c), Paviour and Pavement. We have noticed in the preface that this was not a pavement of pebbles, but rather of rough stone slabs, such as the quarries at Beistan and Dowriton supplied. Water worn pebbles would have been obtained from the river in certain places or dug up (jut of the drift which underlies the" town and suburbs at varying depths, but these are precluded by the fact that the rock was obtained from the cl if, and that masons were employed to lay it down.
PlKOYS (J 35 J. Pickaxe, also pycows, which was represented in mediaeval Latin by ligo. Pickaxe is not an axe at all, but a corruption of M.E. pikois, pikeis, a mattock (Skeat).
POSTERN A (169), Postern gate; these were all connected with lodes, by which access to the river was obtained to get water for household purposes.
2l6 SHREWSBURY PAVING AND OTHER ACCOUNTS,
OUARERA (127, 133, 146, &c), quarerarius (46, 107, 145, &c), a stone quarry, and a quarrior. Thtfre is no uni- formity m the spelling of these words, which Ducange places under Carraria, and explains by Lapidicina, nostris Carriere.
Retro MUROS (250). Open ground south-west of the town and outside the then existing walls, part of which is now the public park. From this entry we learn that there was a ditch under the wall.
SABELINUM (53 et passim), Sand (sometimes gravel), an un- usual word, Sablo (or saint Inni) is generally found.
SALMO (322), Salmon. The historians of Shrewsbury mention this gift and suggest that the condition of the fish would not be good when it reached London, but it is not said that Sir John de Swineford was there at the time, he might have been at no great distance. (O. & B. i., 132).
SEPTIMANA (28, 69, 284), A week. The Sunday is the day throughout this document for making up the week's ac- counts. Septimana is to be understood after " Ex- pensum in eadem."
SHARPINGE (205, &c). The use of this one English word amid the Latin is noticeable, the scribe's knowledge appears not to have been equal to writing in acuendis vttnsilibus.
TRIBULUM (159), a schowulle or scowulle (i.e., a shovel). Tribula is also used for a shovell or schowle ; the addi- tion of ferratis to tribulis shows that sometimes they were of wood.
UTENSILE (155, 1 66, 171, 205, &c). A tool, a thing used for any purpose.
PLACE-NAMES.
BEISTAN, BEYSTAN (36, 48, 50). Bayston I Till, 3 miles south. Duntoncmf (50), Dunterchf (87), and le clif de Dun tun
(1 14) «i 11 refer to a quarry at 1 )<>Yvnt<>n, near I Jpton Magna
(O. & B., 1,131). FRERELODE (287), as above, St. Mary Waterlane, Friarslode. SALLOWE (187, 207), Salowe (313!, and Silowe (300, 301),
cannot be identified. Vicus Alius (17). The High Pavement now part of Castle
Street.
54 HENRY III., 1269-70. 217
APUD CHADDELODE (223). This lode is now called Crescent Lane.
VIA REGALIS (156). The main road through the town.
NAMES IN FULL. Adam de Chatewall, 291 ; Adam de Tery, 253 ; Adam le hloware, 334 ; Adam le Kyng, 235 ; Alanus in luto, 291 ; Ape, Th., 307 ; Baldwynus de Mardefole, 21, 142 ; Balle Reyner, 78 ; Raret Johannes, 301 ; Bidi, Willelmus, 253 ; Bonde, Cementarius, 136, 296 ; Borrey, Th., 121 ; Brock, Thomas,
84 ; Burgcys Henricus, 252 ; Burnet, Johannes, 221 ; Cham- peneys, Thomas, 215 ; Charite Henricus, 195 ; Charite, Willelmus, 271 ; Clech, Thomas, 163 ; Colinus filius Ricardi, 55 ; Cox, Adam, 89 j Fecke, Johannes, 123 ; Figyn, Johannes, 32, 141 ; Gerard, Willelmus, 109 ; Glauegos, Willelmus, 196 ; Goch, Nicholas, 89 ; Goh, Warinus, 324 ; Gonyl, Alanus, 42 ; Gregorius, f rater Baldwyni, 19 ; Gregorius, 308 ; Greythe, Rogerus, 212, 267, 335 ; Greythe, Stephanus, 114, 190, 214, 247, 259 ; Grun le moh Philippus, 326 ; Hankyn, 147, 188, 21 1, 267 ; Hayrperus, Willelmus, 77 ; Henricus le celer, 272 ; Herber, Ricardus, 106 ; Hugo de Clone, 72, 315 ; Hugo quarerius, 107 ; Johannes Cissor, 43 ; J. fossator, 186, 249, 302 ; J. de Swineford, 322 ; J. le paviner, 290 ; Kech, Gal- fridus, 206, 257, 282 ; Kel) ng, Robertus, no, 360 ; Ket, Th., 181 ; Kilot, Th., 221 ; Kuc Kate], 236 ; Koc Tupet, 162 ; Lenten, Warinus, 142 ; Leuerich, Warinus, 220 ; Loche, Th., HO ; Madocus, 345 ; Mulle, Willelmus, 83 ; Nicholas de Nor- tun, 182; N. de Sallowe, 187, 207, 210, 300, 313; Palli Rogerus, 197 ; Peg. Willelmus, 182 ; Perle, Petrus, 122 ; Perle Willel- mus, 283 ; Petrus films Alexandri, 271 ; Petrus justiciarius,
85 ; Philippus Carpenter, 252 ; Pride, Alanus, 42 ; Poune, Ricardus, 83 ; Pungh (Punch), Roger, 216, 349 ; Radulfus de Coles, 114, 350, 351; R. de Kent, 270; R. niger, 335; Reginald Caretarius, 351 ; R. homo fratruin, 112; R. le frere mon, 125, 173, 192, 202, 227, 261 ; Reymund, Alanus, 219; Reyner, 25 (see 192) ; R. de Moeles, 2 57 ; R. quarerius, 45 ; R. le freremon, 172, 125, 202, 192, 227, 242, 261, 278, 342 ; Ric ardus de Berewyke, 56 ; k. de Brug, 219 ; k. de FUcsmere, 325 ; R. de Iladenal, 220 ; k. de Salowe, 301, 313 ; R. do Schelton, 337 ; k. filius Alani, 200 ; k. filius Herbert i, 28, ,75 ;
2l8 SHREWSBURY PAVING AND OTHER ACCOUNTS.
R. nlius Thome le Halte, 78 ; R. le Bonde, 93, 338 ; R. le Botmon, 119 ; R. le Dunfohe, 123 ; R. le mason, 104, 115, 196 ; R. le mercer, 79, 98, 334 ; R. le paviner, 116, 213, 244, 258 ; R. le specer, 66 ; R. parmentarius, 161 ; R. tinctor, 79 ; Robertus de Aldemare, 117, 353 ; R. de Worthin, 100 ; R. le capellere, 143 ; R. le potter, 98 ; R. parmenter, 236 ; Rogerus nlius Clarite, 272 ; R. filius Lawrentii, 07 ; R. de Asterlegh, 68 ; R. de Collyam, 32O, 332 ; R. de Wemme, 1O2 ; R. de Withintun, 341 ; R. le justice, 31, 324 ; Rothelond, Willelmus, 172 ; Rudde, Nicholas, 235 ; Russel, Johannes, 43 ; Rynaldus cementarius, 339 ; Scathelach, Willelmus, 141 ; Scheie, Hugo, 122 ; Selch, Thomas, 100 ; Seyle, Willelmus, 309 ; Shery, Henricus, 24 ; Shitte, Cohnus, 217, 284 ; S., Nicholas, 325 ; Shorn, Th., 163 ; Sprenchose, Rogerus, 320; Sprot, Rogerus, 121 ; Stephanus del cotes, 147 ; S. le wodeuuard, 356 ; Stoche, Benet, 103 ; Sturie, Ricardus, 128, 217 ; Talpeny, Petrus, 251, 336 ; Thomas cirote- carius, 84, 85 ; Th. filius Petri, 25, 308 ; Th. fossator, 105 ; Th. le colier, 66; Th. le meylur, 96, 343; Th. le vileyn, 180; Th. scissor, 325 ; Th. le taylor, 23, 270 ; Walterus de Hopton, 319 ; W. fossator, 6, 20, 95 ; W. le norreys, 161 ; Walterus quarerius, 315, 344; W. le paumer, 56; W annus Goch, 31; Webaly Alanus, 352 ; Willelmus Cissor, 55 ; Willelmus de Cantelop, 197 ; W. de Lake, 30 ; W. de nouo burgo, 77 ; W. de Rochelond, 223 ; W. de Rowelawe, 155 ; W. filius Herny, 307 ; W. f. Reinaldi, 292 ; W. f. Reyneri, 251 ; W. f. Stephani, 157, 208, 266 ; W. fossator, 158 ; W. le child, 143 ; W. le Kent, 67 ; W. le tanner, 24; W. locsmit, 237 ; W. Reyner, 336 ; Yue Alanus, 109 ; Yue Colinus, 32.
2ig
THE CHURCHWARDENS' ACCOUNTS OF THE PARISH OF WORFIELD.
Transcribed and Edited by H. B. Walters, M.A., F.S.A. (Continued from 3rd Series, Vol. VI., p. 24.)
Part IV., 1533— 1548.1
1533- Ihc merci.
Compotus Thome Wartor' et Roger Baker magistrorum sive gardianorum ecclesie parochialis sancti petri de Worfelde custoditus coram parochianis. In festo sancti petri in cathedra vicesimo secundo die mensis ffebruarii anno Domini millesimo quingentesimo tricesimo tertio Et anno regni regis henrici octavi vicesimo quinto post conquestum Anglie.
De eorum Receptis.
|
In |
primis of Richard' gyldon' ... |
viijd |
|
|
It' |
of Master Regeweye (?) |
... vjs |
viijd |
|
Summa recepcionum ... |
... xiij3 |
iiijd |
|
|
Soluciones predictorum gardianorum. |
|||
|
In |
primis for shyngulles & nayles |
... xxij3 |
viijd |
|
It' |
for makyng lyght & for wax & at estur' |
... iiijs |
vd |
|
It' |
for oyle and for frankesens ... |
vijd |
|
|
It' |
for mendyng ye loke & waschyng ... |
ijd |
|
|
It' |
for shotynge2 a claper |
vd |
|
|
It' |
for brede & ale at makyg ye torchis... |
iijd |
|
|
It' |
for a hyngynge loke ... |
iijd |
|
|
It' |
for makynge an oblygacion ... |
vjd |
|
|
It' |
for caryenge shyngull' |
iijs viijd |
|
|
It' |
for mendyng ye vestmentes ... |
xiijd |
1 Thanks are due to Mr. J. A. Herbert for assistance with this instalment. Splicing. See Transactions, 3rd Ser. , ii., p. 179.
Vol. VII., 3rd Series. Z
220 CHURCHWARDENS' ACCOUNTS OF THE
It' for vvaschyng & candylles ... ... ... iijd
It' for wax & makynge ... ... ... ... ijs vd
It' for skowrynge ye Canope ... ... ... jd
It' for mendyng yc belles ... ... ... xixd
It' for Iron ... ... ... ijdob.
It' for ryddynge ye gutters ija
It' for wax to Olyver' for ye torchys ... ... vjs
It' for dct to the paryshe of last yere ... ... vjb iiijd
Summa solucionum ... ... ljs ob.
Memorandum that the churche masteres be dyschargyd of their accomptes & rem' in the box.
Summa ... ... ... yjb viijd
ladi help.
Compotus Georgii Sonde Et Willelmi Bylyngsley Gardi- anorum Cantarie beate marie de Worffelde Custoditus coram parrochianis die et anno supradictis ut habctur in compoto Gardianorum ccclesie In tempore Domini Iohanis lye tunc ibidem Capellani.
De Receptis eorum. In primis pro servisia de claro in tem- pore pentecostes ... ... . .. vij marke ijs vijd
It' de Redditu beate marie ... ... 1 vjs yjdob.
It' de redditu caritatis ... ... ... xxxvj55 vjd
It' pro Katerina Caloo .. . ... ... xxJ
Summa ... .. ixu xs vijdob
Reparaciones et soluciones Gardianorum Cantarie.
In primis Domino Iohani lye capellano ... iiij11 It' domino humfrido Robyns ... ... ... xxs
It' domino Iohani prune ... ... ... ... xijd
Allocaciones-
In primis for Iohn' Smythes howse ... .. xijd
It' for ye stole xvjd
It' for ye cotage in lowe ijs iiijd
It' for ye howse in brugenorthe .. ... ... iiijs
PARISH OF WORFIELD.
221
It' for ye Almyshowse
Sumrna Reparacionum... ... v'i xvs
Memorandum that ye lady1 Wardens be dyscharged. Memorandum that the Paryshe hathe chosen the Churche Wardens.
Roger Baker William Rowlow. It' William Bradney mylner & Thomas Walton' be chosen
to be seint marie Wardens. It' Iohn' Barker & Ric' fflecher be chosen in lyght (?) of hallhallows.2
*534- Ihc merci.
Compotus Rogeri Baker' Et Willelmi Rowlow de Wykyn' magistrorum Sive gardianorum Ecclesie parochialis de Worfelde custoditus coram parochianis. In cathedra sancti petri Vicesimo secundo die mensis ffebruarii Anno Domini fll>° CC(IC(Imo tricesimo quarto Et Anno regni regis henrici octavi post conquestum Anglic vicesimo sexto. De eorum Receptis. In primis In pixide parochiali ... ... ... yjs viijd
It' Domino de Iohane lye ... .. ... . .. vjs viij'1
It' de Richardo gyldon' ... ... ... ... vjs viij'1
Summa recepcionum ... ... xxs
Soluciones predictorum gardianorum. In primis Roger baker' payd to ye warden' of
Brugenorth ... ... ... ... ... viij cl
It' to yt: organ pleyare ... .. ... ... xd
It' for a lasc to a porse3 ... ... ... ... ij'1
It' to Sir William granger iiijd
It' for sens & to glover ... ijd
1 Sc. Chantry wardens (of our Lady).
- These four entries are in another hand. As to the meaning of the last one, Mr. Edward Feiecck (Notes and Queries, ioth ser., i\ , (1905), p. 40) notes that there was probably a guild ol All Hallows with an altar in the church, and a light burning before 11 lor the welfare ol the members. The same writer points out that blood (sec entry under date 1529, Trans., 3rd ser., vi., p. 52), was often used for ordinary painting purposes.
3 A thong for a burse (set; below).
222 CH URCH WARDENS' ACCOUNTS OF THE
|
It to A frere1 |
viijd |
|
It' to Iohn' Smyth |
ijdob. |
|
It' to ye organ pleyare ... |
XXs |
|
It' for wax to Rondulle roodes (?) |
vjd |
|
It' for a launterne ... f .. |
ixd |
|
It' to John smygh |
xd |
|
It' to hnmfreye rowlowe |
ijd |
|
William rowloo payde to yc warden' ... |
xd |
|
It' to thoinas willaston ... |
iiijd |
|
It' for mendynge yc belles |
vjd |
|
It' for mendynge ye fornase |
xxijd |
|
It' for mendynge a purse2 for ye sacrament |
ijd |
|
It' for mendyng ye sensure3 |
iijd |
|
It' for candylles ... |
jd |
|
11 IOI IIIclKyilgC y pdbK.aiIC y piUCcbblUIlctlIt,b |
|
|
and yc tapers a bovvte yc sepulcure |
iiijs |
|
It' to the organ pleyare ... |
xxd |
|
Sum ma solucionum & reporacionum |
xxxiiij'j jdob. |
At yis accowntes it is agreyd by alle the hole paresche that no persun shalle bryng no out cummer4 nor go with them in the churche nor in the peresche to gether nother corne nor money a pon the peyne of xs to the churche as oftyn as he so doys.
ladi helpe.
Compotus Willelmi Bradneye mylnarii5 Et Thome Walton' gardianorum Cantor e beate marie De Worfelde custoditus coram parrochianis die et anno supra dictis ut habetur in Compoto Gardianorum Ecclesie. In tempore Domini Iohanis lye tunc ibidem Capellani &c.
De eorum Receptis.
In primis pro servisia de claro In tempore
pentecostes ... ... ... ... iiij1' xviijb iiijd
It' pro Richard' Bylyngsley ... ... xl,J
1 Friar.
2 Burse.
3 Censer.
4 Outsider. 0 Miller.
PARISH OF WORFIELD.
223
It' de Redditu beate marie ... ... lvjs vjdob.
It' de Redditu caritatis ... ... ... xxxvjs vjd
Summa recepcionum ... ix1' xiiij8 viijdob.
Reparaciones et soluciones gardianorum cantarie.
In primis to Artur' Buknalle ... ... xxvjs viijd
It' to Sir Iohn lye ... ... ... ... liij1' vjs viijd
It' to y° churche maistres ... ... ... vjs viijd
It' to Sir thomas gardner ... .,, ... vjs viijd
It' to Sir Iohn pryne1 & for reparacions ... ijs Allocacioncs.
ffor Iohn Smyt lies howse ... ... ... xijd
It' for y° stole xvjd
It' for yc cotage in lowe ... ... ... ijr- iiijd
It' lor ye howse in Bruge ... . ... iijs
It' for shyngullyng & thachyng at ye
chauntrye house .. ... ... ij? viijd
Item for the mvudaye ... ... ... ixd
It' for vectual & bred at whyssontide ... ixd It' for reparaeions on yc house in the
sonde at yc bruge ynde ... ... iij6 viijd
Summa reparacionum et Allocacionum ... vijh i ij ^ ijd
The paryshe hathe decred & chosen the churche wardens.
Iohn Wannerton. William Rowlow. Et rem' in the boxe ... ... ... xxxiiij5
1535- Ihc merci.
Compotus magistrorum sive Gardianorum ecclesie parochialis viz. Iohanis Wannerton' Et Willclmi Rowloo de Wykyn' coram parochianis parochic de \\ orfeldc In festo sancti petri viz. vicesimo seeundo die men sis flebruarii Anno Domini /lfoC(I(IC£(I'no tricesimo quinto Et anno regni' regis henrici octavi vicesimo septimo post conquestum Anglie.
1 Swelled lJiunc above (p. 220).
224
churchwardens' accounts of the
De eorum Receptis.
In primis in pixide ... ... ... ... ... xxxiiij
It' de margareta bylyngsley ... ... ... ... xviij
It' de thome mcrvcll dc hylton ... ... ... vj
Sum ma lviijs
De solucionibus eorundem. n primis to a plymmer for mendyng yc ledes xvjd for iiij povvnde wax at Ester ... ... ijs viijd
for makynge ye paskalle & tapers &
candylles that tyme ... xd
to Thomas y° organ playare ... ... viijs iiijd
for a ymner1 to ye churche ... ... xiiijd
for mendynge ij chalyses ... ... ... viijs
for mendyng yc blake cope & vestment ... iiijs iiijd
for candylles at allhalotyde & mendynge ye churche yeate ... ... ... ... iij'1
for shynguls ... ... ... ... xxs
to Ric' yc organe playare... ... ... xijs
to sir Thomas for his quarter at Cris- tynmas over gathered ... ... ... iiijs ijd
Summa ... ... ... iij'1 njs jd
ladi helpe.
Compotus Willelmi Rowloo de halon' et Iohanis underhylle Iunioris Gardianorum Cantarie beate marie de Worfelde custoditus coram die et anno supradictis ut habetur in compoto Gardianorum ecclesie In tempore Domini Iohanis lye tunc ibidem Capellano &c.
De eorum Receptis.
In primis pro servisia In festo pentecostes
De claro ... ... ... ... ... iiij1' xjb xd
It' de rcdditu beate marie ... ... lvjs vjdob.
It' de redditu caritatis . .. ... ... ... xxxvjs vjd
It' pro fine in curia ... ... .. ... ixu
Summa recepcionum ... ... k1* vs vijJob.
1 llynin-book.
PARISH OF WORFIELD.
225
Reparaciones et soiuciones Gardianorum canterie. In primis Domino Iohani lye Capellano ... i i i j 1 i
It' Domino Thome Gardner'... ... ... xxvjs viijd
It' Domino Iohani prune & reparacionibus xviijd
Allocacionibus — ft or yc stole... ... .;. xvjd
It' for Iohn' Smythes howse xijd
It' for ye Cotage in lovve ... ijs iiijd It' for yc hoper1 for hopyng the gret vesselle &
makyng a wengh (?)... ixJ
Summa ... ... ... vn xiijs vij'1
Memorandum quod Gardiani beate marie virginis ad istum Compotum sunt inde quieti.
The parysshe hathe elected & chosen the churche Wardens.
Iohn Olyver Thomas Bradburne. The parisshe hathe chosen Richard' Gyldon' and William Hasillwood Iunior seint marie Wardens.
Et rem' in the box ... ... ... iiij marces xvijd
and of ille2 money ... ... ... iiijs jd
1536. Ihc merci.
Compotus Iohanis Olyver et Thome Bradburne magistrorum sive Gardianorum ecclesie parochialis sancti petri de Worfelde Custoditus coram parochianis in ecclesia pre- dicta. In cathedra sancti petri viz. xxijdo die ffebruarii anno Domini fllMDino xxxvjto Et anno regni regis henrico octavi post conquestum Anglie.
De eorum Receptis.
In primis in pixide ... ... ... ... iiij marke xvijd
It' of ylle money ... ... ... ... iiijs j'1
It' of mastres Iuxson' . . . ... ... ... xxs
It' of lohan Walker' for ye vicare ... ... xs
Summa rec. ... ... iiijh viija xJ
Hooper,
226 churchwardens' accounts of the
De solucionibus eorundem. In primis to William litilhalys for brekyng
of stone ... xvjd
It' to Thomas Karles (?) for ij gravestonys ijs iiijd
It' to ye same thomas for makyng ye churche
vvalle ... ... ... ... ... xxj8 xd
It' payde for lyme ... ... ... ... vjs
It' payde for wax and makyng ye pro-
cessionalles ... ... ... ... iiij8
It' paid for oyle to ye lampe ... ... ... iiijd
It' paide for ij surples & makyng ye same to
ye prest & ye dekyng ... ... ... viij8 iiijd
It' to sir thomas ... ... ... ... xxjs iiijd
It' for iij later1 in ye belfray ... ... ... vjd
It' for a manuelle ... ... ... ... xxd
It' to Iohan Smyth for shotynge2 a belle
claper ... ... ... ... ... iiijd
It' for a corde to ye Roode ... ... ... • iijd
It' to thomas garbett... ... ... ... iijd
It' ffor ij cordes to ye litylle belle & to ye
vayle3 ... ... ... ... ... viijd
Summa ... ... ... iiij'1 iiijs xd
Et so remanyth to the parishe ... ... iijs
Memorandum y1 Sir William Ryse hathe gyvyn to this Churche xb yn the handes of Iohn Crogynton & the seyd Iohn Crogynton is Content to pay ij^ by ye re ty 11 the hole sum me be payde.
ladi helpe.
Compotus Richardi Gyldon' et Wilielmi hasyllode de Bradney Gardianorum Cantarie beate marie de Worfelde custoditus coram parochianis loco die et anno supradijtis ut habetur in compoto Gardianorum ecclesie. In tempore Domini Iohanis lye tunc ibidem capellani &c.
1 Laths. Lat or late is a common local form. - See ab ;ve, p. 219.
3 The Lenten veil (see above under the year 1514). The little bell in this case would be the sacring bell on the rood-screen,
PARISH OF WORFIELD. 227
De eorum Receptis. In primis pro servisia In festo pentecostes
de claro receperunt ... ... ... iiij1' x8
It' de Redditu beate marie ... .. ... lvjs xdob.
It' de Redditu caritatis ... ... ... xxxvjs vjd
It' ad pulpitum ... ... ... .:. xxijd
Summa rec' ... ix1' vs ijdob.
Reparaciones et soluciones Gardianorum Cantarie. In primis Domino Iohani lye capellano
ibidem ... ... ... .. ... iiij11
It' Domino Thome Gardinar' ... .. ... xxs
It' pro Redditu cantarie ... ... ... viijs
Allocacionibus — In primis ffor ye stole ... xvj'1 It' for Iohan Smythcs howse ix5 It' for ye cotage in ye lovve ... ijs iiijd
It' for y° howse in brugenorth xyjd It' for thachyng & for strawe xijd
Summa ... ... ... vju iijs
Et isti gardinanes (sic) in arreragiis ... iijs ijd
The parishe hathe chosen William Smythe & Iohn marrall'
of ar' cot1 our la ly wardens.
Et rem' in the box of good money ... ... xxiiijs iiijd
Et of ille money ... ... ... ... ... vs
1537— 154°«
The accounts for these four years are wanting. In the interim Sir John Lye the chantry priest died, and was succeeded by Sir William Hampton. The accounts for the next few years are somewhat brief and carelessly kept down to 1547.
I54I-
Compotus Willelmi Rollcyc C-r willelmi hoccome magislr'oriim sivc gardianorum ecclesie parrocliialis de Worth/eld habitus coram parochianis in ecc/esia predict a id infra pdiet Anno domini 154 1°.
In primis pro servisia in festo pentecostes de claro vh vj* viif'.'1
1 Probably Allscott (see map).
- Tbis entry bas been inherited in error from the chanlry accounts below, and hasbcen subsequently erased.
Vol. VII., 3rd Series. A A ,
228 churchwardens' accounts of the
Compotus Iohanis Oliver et thome bradburne Gardianorum ecclesie parochialis de Wdrfeld viz. xxv° die inarcii anno domini I54i°et anno Regni regis henrici octavi xxxiij0.
De eorum receptis.
In primis de Ricardo felton pro funere uxoris sui vjs viij'1
Item de Iohane Cristoppe( ?) pro vaca ... ... ijs
Item de Iohane oliver pro funere uxoris ... ... vjs viijd
Summa... ... ... ... xvs iiijd
De solucionibus predictorum.
In primis pro decimis1 Domino Regi ... ... viijs
It' pro quatuor pondo cerai
Item pro paschale erga [word lejt out here] ... xvjd
Item pro thure ... ... ... ... ... jd
Item for washynge the chorche clothes ... ... vjd
Item for ij stykes of Kendall2 ... ... ... xxd
Item for ij dussen of belles3 ... ... ... xiijd
Item for the bible 4 ... ... ... ... ... vjs viijd
Summa... ... ... ... xixs iijd
(In a different hand : — )
At this acownte richard broke of rowghton toke of the chorche maistres above sayd & of all the paryshe a howse in Worfeld beyng in Decaye of the gyfte ofagnys grene to have hytt to hym his heres & assygnes for the end terme of lxxxij yeres nexte after Cristmas'?) and fully to be endyd Willejmus hampton chaplyn and clarke there the same tyme & yere cYc.
Per me Willelmum hampton
vijs iiijd
Compotus Willelmi Rovvlley tk Willelmi Hoccome gardi- anorum servitii beate marie de worfeld anno et die supra- dictis Tempore Willelmi hampton tunc capellani <S:c. De eorum receptis.
In primis pro servitia in pentecoste de claro v'1 yjs viij J
1 The subsidy ol one tenth paid on real and personal property. - Sticks of candle.
3 A fcing of Muall bells on a wheel, such as we have records of at Lindridge in Worcestershire and elsewhere.
4 The ''Great Bible " or Authorised English Version of 1539.
PARISH OF WORFIELD. 229
Item de redditu beate marie ... ... liijs ijdob.
Item pro Redditu charitatis ... ... xxxvjs vj'1
Summa ... ixu xvjs iiijd
Soluciones gardianorum &c. In primis domino Willelmo Hampton
capellano ... ... ... .. vj1'
Item pro decimis domino regi et subsidio1 xvs iijd
Summa at this acovvnte in the boxe xxiijs iiijd Thomas Watson ]
_ , . . J- our lady ward Iohanes bradney ,,
J J the nexte yere.
1542. Accounts wanting.
t543-
Compotus Thoma (sic) bradburne et Thome barker magis- trorum ecelesie parochialis de Worfeld custoditus coram parochianis vicesimo octavo Die march anno Domini J 5 430 et anno Regis henrici xxxiiij0.
De Receptis.
In primis of the last yeres box ... ... ... xxiif iiijd
Item de Ricardo Felton' ... ... ... ... ijs viijd
Item de rogero broke defuncto ... ... ... iijs iiijd
Item de Mr Cleberi (?)2 pro funere filii ... ... vj8 viijd
Item Ricardo broke ... ... ... ... viij8
Summa xliiij8
Soluciones predictorum. In primis for ixH of waxe ... ... ... ... vs iiijd
It' for whypcord jd
Item to W Catcha' for mendingc the chorchc
yeatte ... ... ... ... ... ... jd
Item pro decimis ... ... ... ... ... viij5
1 See note above. The subsidy was one-fifteenth of the annual value of the propeity.
2 The first letter is doubtful, but seems to be meant for a capital C. Clebery is ofcourse a well-know n local name (cf. the bell-founders at Wellington.)
230
churchwardens' accounts of the
Item for syse1 ... ... ... ... ... iijd
Item to hynges a lye ... ... ... ... iiijd
Item for wax a yenste christmas ... ... ... vs
Item for wax a yenst eastur ... ... ... vjs viijd
Summa ... ... ... xxyijs jd
Compotus Thome Watson Iohanis bradney gardianorum servitiae beate marie anno et die supradictis Tempore
Willelmi hampton capellani.
Dc eorum receptis.
In primis pro servitia in pentecoste de
claro ... ... ... ... ... iiiju xviijs ijd
Item de donatione Rogeri Castre ... xij(1
Item pro funere Riccardi Gyldon' ... xijd
Item de redditu domus in brigid... ... ijs viijd
Item de Ric broke ... ... ... viijs
Item de redditu beate marie ... ... liijs ijdob.
Item de Redditu caritatis ... ... xxxvj8 vj'1
Summa ... ... ix1' vs
Soluciones. In primis domino Willelmo hampton
capellano ... ... ... ... vij1'
Item for a syl2 to under ley the kytchyn... iiij(1 Item pro anniversario agnetis grene ... xijd
Summa ... ... vijli iiijd(s/c)
Elegerunt gardianos in proximo anno
Georgium barrett & Robertum Felton. }S4f
Compotus Thome bradburne & thomas barbur magistrorum ecclesie parochialis de Worfe'ld viz. xxv die mensis marcii ano Domini 1544° & anno Regis henrici octavi XXX v'°.
De eorum receptis.
Summa in the boxe at the laste acowte xlviif xj
Item pro vacca ... ... ... ... ... ijs
1 Wax tapers * Sill.
PARISH OF WORFIELD. 231
Item pro funere Willelmi mylnarii ... ... viijd
Soluciones gardianorum.
In primis pro decimis ... ,.. ... ... viij5
Item for shynglynge & meate & dryke & nayles vjs viijd
Item to John oliver for ij chenes1 ... ... xd
Item for a lantarne ... ... .:. ... xd
Item for a cord to hange the same ... ... xid
It'for xh of waxe a yenste christemas ... ... viijs
Summa... ... ... ... xxvs iijd
Remaynyth in the boxe . ... ... xxiiij9 ij'1
Compotus Georgii barrett & Roberti ffelton gardianorum
parochie & servitiae beate marie de Worfeld anno & die
supradictis tempore Willelmi Hampton tunc capellani, &c#
De eorurri receptis.
In primis pro servitia in tempore de claro vu vjs viijd
Item de redditu caritatis ... ... ... xxxvjs vjd
Item dc redditu beate marie ... ... liij3 jdob.
Soluciones.
Imprimis pro domino Willelmo hampton
capellano ... ... ... ... vj1'
Item pro anniversario agnetis grene ... xiiijd
Item pro papyro in festo pentecostes ... jd
Remaynyth therby to the chorche
maisteres thomas bradburne and
thomas barbur iiiju xijs vijd
Rogerus Castre ) . , .
T , u u f °ur lady wardyns.
Iohanes barbur J J J
1545.
Compotus Thome bradburne & 1 home barbur magistrorum ecclesie de Worfeld viz. vto die April anno Regis henrici octavi xxxvjto
De eorum receptis. Inprimis in the box the laste a covvnte ... iiijli xij3 vijd Item pro anima Rogeri bakar defuncti ... xxs pro vacca ... ••• •• • • ij8
Summa rec. ... v,; xiiij9 vijd
1 Cliainb ?
232
churchwardens' accounts of the
Soluciones Gardianorum predictorum.
Inprimis for wax a yenst Easter ... .. ix8 ijd
Item to thomas gabott ... ... ... ... ij8 iiijd
Item to ann catch' ... ... ... ... vjd
Item pro decimis ... ... ... ... xv8 iijd
Item to thomas weston ... ... ... ... vs
Item to mendinge the battlyge1 ... .. ... vb
Item for soder ... ... ... .. ... xf viijd
Item for wood ... ... ... ... ... iiijd
Item for xxiij1' of leyd ... ... ... ... xvjd
Items (sic) to the mynstrel for old dette ... xjd
Item for wax a yenst candlemas ... ... ijs viij'1
Item to the vestment maker ... ... ... iijs iiijd
Item for wax & the makyng a yenst easter .. viij5 iiijd
It' to ric' broke for palynge ... xxs
Summa ... ... ... iij11 xvs jd
Compotus Rogeri Castre & Iohanis barber gardianorum servitige beate marie de Worfeld anno & die supradictis tempore W. hampton capellani.
De eorum receptis. In primis pro servitia in festo pente-
costes ... ... ... ... iij1' xvijs
Item de Redditu beate marie ... ... ljs ij^ob.
Item de Redditu caritatis ... ... xxxvj8 vjdob.
Summa ... ... ... viij1* iiijs ixdob.
Soluciones. Inprimis Willelmo hampton tunc capel-
lano ... ... ... ... ... vju
Etigerunt Willelmum Walker et Humfridum barrett our
lady wardens.
Ric' prisse V . '
1 1 T* 1 1 * c .1 } cnorcne maisteres
William Smythe J
Collocatis collocandis gardiani predicti... xiiij8 jd
1 Battlements.
PARISH OF WORFIELD.
233
I546-
Compotus Ricardi prisse & Willelmi Smyth magistrorum sive gardianorum ecclesie de Worfeld videlicet xj° die marcii Anno Regni regis henrici octavi xxxvij0.
De eorum Receptis. Inprimis in the box the last yere ... * ... lixs viijd
Item for Ierne1 of william catchett ... ... xij1
Summa ... ... ... iij1' viij J
Soluciones.
Pro decimis & subsidio ... ... ... xv8 iijd
Item for lyme ... ... ... .. viijdob.
Item to the glasyar ... ... ... xvjd
Item to William Rowlley ... ... ijJ
Item to thomas garbott ... .. ... ijd
Item to Humfray Rudge... ... ... viijd
Item for wax and meat and drynke a
|
yenst whyttsuntyde |
iiijs |
|
|
Item for a (for of shyngles |
xij8 |
jJ |
|
Item for caryge & meat & drynke |
ij8 |
|
|
Item for wax a yenst christmas |
||
|
Item pro decimis ... |
XVs |
iijJ |
|
Item to halle of brigenorth for v score li. |
||
|
of leyd ... |
||
|
Summa |
iijH xjf |
Compotus Willelmi Wralker& Humfridi barrett gardianorum beate marie de Worfeld die & anno supradictis tempore Willelmi hampton tunc capellani.
De eorum receptis. In primis pro servitia in tempore pentecostes iiij1' Item de redditu beate marie... ... ... ij* ijdob.
Item de redditu caritatis ... ... ... xxxvj8 ijdob.
Item pro anima Iohanis yeatt ... ... ijd
Item pro anima Iohanis Robyns ... ... iiijd
Summa ... ... ... viij1' viijs vijd
- Thousnnd.
234 CHURCHWARDENS ACCOUNTS OF THE
Soluciones.
In primis domino Willelmo Hampton ... vj11
It' a lode of cley ... iijd
It' for papur & collores . . ... ... ... vjd
Remaynyth de claro in the box . . . ... ... iij1' xvjs jd
Roger barrett ^| our lady servys(?) Iohn mathewe J wardyns. Ric' Prisse ) Churche
Willelmus Smyth j Maistres.
1547;
Compotus Ricardi prisse et Willelmi Smythe gardianorum ecclesie parochialis de Worfelde habitus et custoditus in ecclesia predicta corum parochianis videlicet die [space /eft blank] anno domini 15470.
De eorum receptis. In primis pro vacca de Rogero Wever ... ... ijs
It' de legatione Ricardi hassilwoode ... ... xijd
Item de legatione Thome rugweye ... ... ... xs
Item de legatione Stephani Ianis ... ... x8
Item Rec. at the last a cownte in pixide ... ... xxvjs vj-
[Entry erased.]
Summa totalis recepcionum ... ... liiijs vjd
De reparacionibus et solucionibus predictorum gardianorum ecclesie &c. n primis for wax and the makyng at ester ... viijs xj1 t' to Willelmus catch' for mending the
chorche hordes at v> hytsontyde. . . ... ijd
tern for nayles ... ... ... ... ...
t' for a hoppur1 ... ... ... .,. iijd
tern at bridgnorth for besynes?of the chorche
to the kinges commyrhyoners* ... ... vijs vja
tern pro lotura vestimentorum elizabeth
hichcokes ... ... ... ... ... vjd
t' pro paj>yro a pud bridgnorthe ... ... j'
tern spend uppon them that brought thomas
rugw 1 \ s monay ... ... ... ... jj'i
1 Hbopci, % Kusiness. :! I'robiibly about the Chantiy,
PARISH OF WORFIKLD.
235
Item to Willelmus catcham for a clapper1 ... ixd
Item for a clapper to rowlland leyhcton ... ijs xd Item to willelmus catcham for mending the
chorche yeatt ... ... ... ... ijd
Item for mendinge the fonte ... ... ... ijs ijd
Item for mendinge the challis iiijd
Item pro subsidiu domini regis ... ... x8 x''ob.
Item for our costes twyse ryddinge ... ... ijrt
Item to mr doctor parrey"8 ... ... ... viij*
Item for our costes ... ... ... ... xvjd
Item to william catcham for fatchinge the
[illegible] upp at lichfelde ... ... xxd
Item uppon allyalyn2 riyghte for candeles ... jd Item tor wax and the makynge a yenst
christenmas ... ... ... ... iij15 viijd
Item pro candelis ... ... ... ... jd
Item for wax and the makinge at estur ... viij8 ixd
Item for meat & drynk at the same tyme ... viijd Item to ric' broke for mendynge the leydes
and meat & drynke ... ... ... iiijd
Item spend uppon mr doctor parys man ... jd
Item for lyme ... ... . . ... ... iijd
Item for a ladder to Iohan crugynton ... xxd
Item to Sir Robert for mending the bookes viijd
Item willelmus cacha" for a loke ... ... iiijd
Item for nayles... ... ... ... ... jd
Item for mendynge the organs borde ... jd Item for ryddynge to stafforde for bisynes of
the paryshe to mr doctor aphenry(?) for
the ij chorche maisteres & Roger barrett ija
Summa •••iij1' xijs iiijJob.
The paryshe owyth to the wardyns aforsayde xvja xxdob.
Remaynyth unpayd for buryales
Roger Castre ... ... ... ... vjs viijd
Ric' gyldon ... ... ... ... vjd viijd
Stephyn Kemsey ... ... ... ... vj" viijd
1 This was not necessarily a bell-clapper. See Micklethwaite, Ornaments of the Rubric, p. 56. a All Hallows.
Vol. VII., 3rd Scries. B13
236
churchwardens' accounts of the
Iohanes Hychcokes ... ... ... vjB viijd
Olyver barber ... ... .. ... vj8 viijd
Ric' Newe ... ... ... ... ... vj8 viijd
ladi helpe.
Compotus Rogeri barrett et Iohanis mathew gardianorum servitiae beate marie de Worfeld custoditus in ecclesia predicta coram parochianis die et anno supradictis ut
|
habetur in compoto gardianorum |
ecclesie viz. |
Ricardi |
|
|
pryse et Willelmi Smythe in tempore d |
omini |
Willelmi |
|
|
Hampton tunc capellani. |
|||
|
In primis pro servitia in tempore pente- |
|||
|
costes de claro |
iiij1' |
XV8 |
iiiid |
|
Item de reditu beate marie |
jdob. |
||
|
Item de reditu caritatis |
xxxyj8 |
vjd |
|
|
Item de legatione Iohanis pare |
xijd |
||
|
Item de legatione alicie barrett |
xiiijd |
||
|
Item de legatione Iohanis hickokes ... |
v 1 i fl |
||
|
Item de legatione Iohanis undrell |
iiiid |
||
|
Item de legatione Willelmi rowlleye ... |
iiijd |
||
|
we ca' not wheyr hit shalbe payd |
|||
|
also xijd for barber on receipt |
|||
|
ix« |
vj8 |
iiijd |
|
|
Soluciones gardianorum. |
|||
|
In primis to sir Willelmus hampton .. |
vju |
||
|
payd to Roger wever for his payns at |
|||
|
wytsontyde |
vjd |
||
|
Summa allocacionum .. |
vj" |
vjd |
|
|
Et sic Remanet at this acownte |
xxd |
Legationes pontibus &c hoc anno.
Ric' IlassilwooJe ... xvjd
Iohanes pare ... ... xyjd
Alicia barrett de acleton viijd
Iohanes barrett ... xijd
? Omnibus recej>tis.
PARISH OF WORFIELD.
^37
Iohanes hickokes ... xvjd Willelmus rowllay ... viijd
Summa totalis ... vj8 viijd Item v8 viijd before.
(In another hand : — )
Memorandum at this accounte hit ys agred that Thomas Bradburne & John Wannerton on the behalf of Sir John Talbot Knyght beinge fermor of the parsonage of Worfeld & John Wannerton for hym self beinge fermor of the parsons medoo are contented & agred to content & pay duryng the tyme that they & cny' of them be fermor of the parsonage & medoo to thuse of the churche & profet of the Same yerely xxd viz. that is to say mr Talbot for the Straw xijd & for the grese' in the medoo the Seid Joh' to pay viijd to thentente that every man shall ve\y(?) and mate(?)2 his or ther fermes(?) every man for his porcion(?) & this to be done the Seid Thomas & John Wannerton are contente to be bound for the payment forseid provided that if defaut of pay- ment be made as is forseid that if the Seid Straw & grese be hadd as it hath ben used in tyme passed. (Signed) per me Johanem Wannerton.
per me Thomas (sic) bradburne.
(P)d to the church masteres ... ... xlij8 iiijd
Willelmus Walker) the chorche maisteres. Ric' Broke ( Tohan Rowlley ) . , Ric' yeatte i our ^ wardyns-
Anno Domini 15470 j° anno Regni regis
edwardi ... ... ... ... ... i I i j 11 vj8 viijd
Memorandum at this accounte George Sonde toke of the nolle paryshe a cottage with a curtylege late in the tenure of elzabethe tremnande to have to hym & his assignes for
1 Grass.
*J The reading of these uvo words is quite uncertain. Perhaps " sowe and mat.; " {i.e., *' reap," cf. aftermath, but there seems to be no authority lor such a vvout.)
238 churchwardens' accounts of the
the ende & terme of xxj" yeres fully to be endyd. Further the sayd George & his assignes must repare the said Cottage uppon theyr one propur costes & charges payynge yerely to the chorche iiijH by yere besydes the lordes rente geven the vj day of april and in the first yere of the rag' of our snffrayne Lord Ryftge edward the vj Willelmus hampton clarke and chaplen*.
per me Willelmum Hampton Capellanum.
i548.
This is the last year in which the chantry accounts appear ; it is not indeed specifically named, but there is a payment to Sir William Hampton, whose name only occurs once again, in the following year ; the Redditus bcate marie appears as Redditus ecclesie. In 1551 there is an allusion to the '' pulling down of the chapel, now a school,' but this probably implies dismantling rather than destroying the fabric, which apparently still exists, the east end of the north aisle being known as St. Mary's Chapel.
Compotus Ric' broke et Willelmi Walkar magistrorum ecclesie parochialis de Worfeld habitus et custoditus coram parochia xxu day of April anno regni regis Edwardi v'f1 Secundo &c.
De eorum Receptis.
|
In primis in pixide paroch' ... |
xliiij8 |
iiijd |
|
Item for a cowe |
ij* |
|
|
Summa ... |
xliiij8 |
iiijd |
|
De solucionibus eorundum. |
||
|
In primis for lokes |
xiijd |
|
|
Item for nayles for ye ply marc1 |
xiiijd |
|
|
Item to alis bradnay lor the ply mars borde... |
ij' |
iijd |
|
Item to the plymare for his labur ... |
Xs |
viijd |
|
Item for sodar... |
viijd |
iiijd |
|
Item for pewtter disches to make soder |
xviijd |
|
|
Item for the plymmars mans borde... |
xxiijd |
|
|
Item for casting the brasses... |
1 Plumbtr.
PARISH OF WOKFIELD.
239
Item for sense that lakyd1 ••• v&
Item spent uppon them that toke down the
brasses ... ... ... ••• hjd
Item for a deske xijd
Item for goynge to sir John Talbottes spend
yn wyne & other wayse ... ... xxd
Item for owr spences and other of the
paryshe at brignorthe and for makynge 8
byles'2 and other ways for the paryshe
besynes v8 iiijd
Item for fraxinsens ... ... ... jd
Item to the baly arrerat'3 iiijd It' for washinge the chorche clothes to
Elizabeth hichcokes ... ... ... vjd
Item a loke i"jd
Summa xlvj8 iiij
Compotus Ricardi Yeat et Iohanis Rolleye gardianorum ecclesie predicte die & anno supradictis.
De eorum Receptis.
In primis pro serevitia in penthecostc ... iiij1' vj* viijd
Item de Redditu ecclesie 1 shillinges ob.
Item de Redditu caritatis xxxvj8 viijd
viijli xiijh iiijllob.
Soluciones gardianorum predictorum.
In primis to Sir Willelmus Hampton ... vj1'
Item to Sir Ric' fontons(?) ... ... iij* iiija
Item agnys grene dirige ... ... ... xiiijd
Summa ... ... ... vj1' iiij6 vjdob.
Remanet ... ... ... xlviija xdob.
1 Not " for additional brains," but to make up a deficiency in the supply of incense !
2 Kills.
3 To the bailiff for arrears.
240 churchwardens' accounts, parish of worfield.
Wardens for the whytson
ale Johan hichcokes
Johan walkar Ch (?) maisteres William billingsley John marvall Sum' in box ... ... ... xxxix
Item in a bill together recept' ... ... vij*
(To be continued).
241
ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OF SHROPSHIRE DURING THE CIVIL WAR, COMMON- WEALTH AND RESTORATION.
By the Rev. J*. E. All DEN; M.A., Vicar op Tono.1
In order to understand thoroughly the various changes that took place in Shropshire parishes during the above periods, it may be as well to recapitulate first the principal Ecclesiastical Acts of Parliament in the time, leaving the less important to be treated as we come to them.
On July I, 10-13, the Westminster Assembly, so known to history from the place of meeting, began its sittings. Ac- cording to the ordinance of June 12, of that year, its members were 162, this number being made up of 10 English lords, and 20 English commoners as lay assessors ; 121 English Puritan ministers ; 5 Scotch Presbyterian ministers ; 3 Scotch lay commissioners, and 3 clerks. Its object was to build up a new ecclesiastical polity, and the result of its deliberations was the acceptance of the Solemn League and Covenant, by which Episcopacy was abolished, a Presbyterian ministry established, the Prayer Book and its Services forbidden. To can)' out this Assembly's resolutions, Parliament ordered that every person in England above the age of iS must sign the Covenant on or before Eeb. 2, 1 643-4 ; and on Sept. 22, 1643, the House of Commons solemnly in St. Margaret's Church, Westminster, subscribed their hands and swore to observe it.
On August 23, 1645, the " Directory for the Public Worship of Cod," issued by the Westminster Assembly, was made the only legal service book, the use of the Book of Common Prayer being hereafter forbidden under pains of heavy lines :
1 I must at the outset 1 x|».ess my deep obligations to Mr. K. I.loyd Kenyon for tiis kind help and encouragement, without which this paper would not have been written. J. K. A.
Vol. VI 1., jrd Series, CC
242 • ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OF SHROPSHIRE.
£$ for a first offence ; £10 for a second, and a year's im- prisonment for a third.
In June, 1646, Presbyteries, or (lasses, were established all over England to govern Ecclesiastical affairs, under the general supervision of Parliament. A classis was a voluntary association, or board, of Presbyterian clergy and laity, formed in each of the districts into which the country was divided, as the unit of Church government, and source of spiritual authority. For example, candidates for ordination submitted their qualifications for the ministry to the judgment of a Classis, and derived their spiritual authority from its call.1
On December 6, 1648, Colonel Pride u purged " the House of Commons of about 200 Presbyterian members, and only left some 53 Independents, known henceforth as the " Rump." These latter brought the King to trial, and finally to execution on Jan. 29, 1648-9. To put a stop to the strong feelings caused by this, on July 9, 1649, the Rump, or Independent Parliament, threatened with sequestration all ministers who prayed or preached against its authority, or proceedings, prayed for the late King's sons, or did not observe the fasts appointed by Parliament. This threat was followed by the Engagement. In Calamy's words2:— "The King being taken out of the way, the Rum}) presently drew up a form of an Engagement to be subscribed by all men of the age of 18 years and upwards ; viz., 1 1 do promise to be true and faithful to the Commonwealth as it is now established, without a King or House of Lords.- Without this Engagement no man must have the benefit of suing another at law, nor travel so many miles from their houses, &d" It was introduced into the House of Commons on Oct. tl, 1649, and on the following day was made obligatory on a long list of various officials, ministers henceforth to be admitted, members of the As- sembly of Divines, and ministers receiving augmentations. On Nov. 9 it was proposed to make subscription to the En- gagement general, and the Act was introduced on Nov. 2;. It passed the third reading on Jan. 2, 1649-50. The 23rd of
1 Wakeman, History of the Church of England, p. 337.
2 Abridgement of Baxter's Life, vol i., j>. 62.
ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OF SHROPSHIRE. 243
February was the term fixed for the subscription, subse- quently extended to March 23. All Acts relating to the tak- ing of the Engagement were cancelled by an Ordinance of Jan. 24, 1053 4".1
On March 20, 1653 4, a Committee of 38; generally called " Triers," was appointed by the Protector under an order in Council, to enquire into the qualifications 'of every candidate for a living-, and to grant him a certificate if they thought him suitable. Their real title was " the Commissioners for the Approbation of Public Preachers," and tne preamble of the Act stated that it was passed because " many weak, scan- dalous, Popish, and ill affected persons had intruded them- selves " into vacant livings. By it Presbyteries and Classes were abolished.
On August 28, 1654, similar Committees, commonly called the " Ejectors," were appointed in every county with power to summon Incumbents before them, and inquire as to their learning and general fitness. Their instructions were to dis- cover " who were ignorant, scandalous, insufficient, or negli- gent," scandalous to be taken as including " the use of the Book of Common Prayer." As these Committees were com- posed principally of Independents,2 with a few Anabaptists, and scarcely any Presbyterians, their election was practically tantamount to confining Church appointments to one de- nomination, to the exclusion of all others.
In November, 1 (j 5 5 , owing to the Royalist risings in the previous March, the Protector issued an Edict prohibiting under heavy penalties any preacher, schoolmaster, or fellow of a college who had at any time aided the Royal cause by fighting or preaching, or in any other way, and had in conse- quence been ejected from his office, from ever hereafter dis- charging similar duties. Major Generals, appointed for each county, wc-re to see to this being carried out. The generals were, however, recalled in September, 1O5O.
In 1 000, immediately after the Restoration, the Convention Parliament, composed mainly of Presbyterians, passed an Act
1 Shaw, History of the English Church, j6jo-6o, vol. ii., p. 76
2 Cf. Macaulay, History of England, ch. ii.
244
ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OF SHROPSHIRE.
called the " Act for Confirming and Restoring of Ministers, 1 660," which ruled that every minister of the Church of Eng- land, who had been turned out of his living, and who had not justified the King's murder, nor declared against infant bap- tism, should be restored by December 25. 1 This was an at- tempt on the part of the Presbyterians to "get even with" their old opponents, the Independents (or Sectaries as they called them) and the Anabaptists. For the former had al- most to a man justified the King's execution ; the latter were, of course, opposed to infant baptism. Of tins Act, Calamy writes:2 —"Quickly after the King's return many hundreds of worthy ministers were displaced and cast out of their charges because they were in sequestrations where others had been cast out by the Parliament. Many of these were soon settled again in other vacant places. The Ministers " [i.e., the ten or twelve King's Presbyterian chaplains, including Baxter, Reynolds, Calamy, &c. | " waiting upon his Maje sty with their proposals, signified their full satisfaction that all such should be cast out as were in any benefice belonging to one who was not grossly insufficient or debauched. The)' further desired that the Broad Seal might be revoked which had been granted to several for those livings that had been formerly sequestered where the old Incumbents were since dead, by which grants many worthy possessors were ejected, though there were none that could pretend any right." The Lords and Commons, and the Committee of Plundered Ministers had seized upon the patronage of all sequestered Royalists, and of lhshops, Deans, and Cathedral Chapters, and appointed to their livings, however and whenever vacant. 3 So in 1660 there were many ministers who " upon vacancies (one way or an- other occasioned) supplied the places with the consent and at the request of the parishioners, not upon the title of the right- ful patrons." These last naturally did all they could to turn
1 " The Act of ye late Convention, not I'arliam', concei. Minist setled some by whomsoever ordayn'd without institution and Induction." (Diaries of I'hilip Henry, p. 102.)
2 Calamy, Abridgement, i , p. 143.
3 For example, High Ercali, belonging to the sequestered Lord Newport, and Frees to the Bishop of Lichfield.
ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OF SHROPSHIRE.
245
out the minister they looked upon as an Intruder, hence the Royal Chaplains' complaint.
In i(562 the Act of Uniformity, passed by both Houses of Parliament, declared thai every Minister within the Church of England who, on or before August 24, [662, declared his assent and consent to all and every thing prescribed in the Book of Common Prayer, and abjured the Solemn League and Covenant, might continue to hold his living ; if not he must depart from it. Three months were given for delibera- tion, the Act having received the Royal assent on May 19,1
The result of the earlier of the above Ac ts was that " a gre.it number of the Church clergy were dispossessed in [643, owing to their refusal to take the Covenant ; still more were ejected when the use of the Prayer Book was made penal in 1 645. . . . By the Committees most of the clergy who had succeeded in retaining their benefices were dispossessed."2
As to the total number in England there seems to be no doubt that six or seven thousand clergy at least were ejected from their livings, and some make it much larger. For in- stance, White, the Puritan Chairman of the Committee of Scandalous and Plundered Ministers, boasted that they were 8,OoO ; Walker, in his Sufferings of the Clergy, puts them at from eight to ten thousand ; Dr. Hook, in his Church Dic- tionary, at 7,000.
At the Restoration in 1660, Baxter3 speaks of " many hun- dreds " returning to their livings ; and the Puritan Ministers, 111 their paper to the Bishops, called a "Petition for Peace of the year 166 /," of " some hundreds."
Of those who retired in 1 00,2 rather than conform, Neal1 says they were " near two thousand," and Baxter-' talks of " all the eighteen hundred silenced." He adds that of the rest " some of the old ministry, called Presbyterians, con- formed at Batholomewtide or alter;" while Calamy declares
1 " There was no division in the House of Commons on this Mill itself, but a proposal to allow fifths to Nonconforming ministers was lost in the Commons by 94 against 87." (Hallam, Constitutional History of England, ii., p. 37).
- Wakemdii, pp. 376, 378 ; cf. Neal, Hist, of Puritans, iii., pp. 22, 23.
:l Reliquice Baxteriana- , pt. ii., p. z86.
1 Hist, of Puritans, iii., p. 35.
5 Reli(]uia-, iii., p. 90.
246 ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OF SHROPSHIRE.
that " seven thousand ministers in England kept their livings." Of the Presbyterians and Independents, appointed after the abolition of Episcopacy and the Prayer Book, Dean Hook says lh.it " 5,000 conformed " in i(>()2, but he probably makes the number too large, though it must have been great since out of all the beneficed clergy of Shropshire apparently only sixteen resigned at that time.
The following pages are an attempt to discover how far Shropshire was affected by the above Acts.
In the early stages of the struggle between King and Par- liament the effects would probably be but slight. Though, of course, when war was once declared, the right of the stronger prevailed, and neither Royalists nor Parliamentarians were willing to have disaffected clergy in flank or rear. The loyal parson, if his parish were within the dominion of the Parlia- ment's forces, lied to the nearest Royalist quarters ; the Par- liamentarian in like circumstances retired to London.1 So, though many Shropshire parishes would be without incum- bents, at first there were no regular sequestrations. For Par- liament writs would not run in counties where the King had the upper hand. Gradually* however, as he lost ground, the compulsion to sign the Covenant would spread. And after the taking of Shrewsbury 111 February, 1 644-5, the s>'s" teinatic ejection of the loyal Shropshire clergy would begin. Then, after the defeat at Naseby, when all parts of the country was overrun by the Parliamentarian soldiers, the rest would be brought to trial.
In a considerable number of country parishes, however, especially in those somewhat remote, the parishioners, and perhaps their parson, would be practically indifferent to the changes, and in many places both would silently acquiesce in the new order of things. Children would be baptized in Church, according to the Directory Service, the father pre- senting the child to the minister, or in case of the father's absence, some Christian friend in his place.2 Couples would
1 As Froyseil of C>un, and Fisher of Upton Magna.
2 Cf. 1640, July 6. This was the first that ever was baptized in Fittz Church without the si^ne of the Crosse, at the instance and earnest desyer of liei father.
1647, Nov. 16: The infant was the first baptized after the new forme by the Duectone and not by the Common 1'rayer book.
ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OF SHROPSHIRE. 247
be married before the nearest Justice of the Peace since, after the Ordinance of 1653, no other mode was allowed to be valid.1 And as to burial, there would be obedience to the stern requirement of the Directory, which was " When any person depart eth this life, let the body, upon the day oi burial be decently attended from the house to the place appointed for public burial, and there immediately interred without any ceremony."
This practical indifference and " Vicar of Bray " spirit pro- bably accounts for the comparatively large number of the clergy of the 19 \ Shropshire parishes of whom no mention is made in the years 1O40-O2.2
That it was possible to discover clergy in Shropshire who were really " ignorant, scandalous, insufficient and negligent," is proved by the unhappy picture Richard Baxter gives of the incumbents of Eaton Constantino, under whom he came in his youth (he was born 111 1O15) : — " One of them was an actor who left the stage for the pulpit, another an attorney's clerk who had sotted himself into such poverty that he was obliged to take orders for a maintenance, and similar char- acters, who read Common Prayer on Sundays and holy-days, and tippled on the week-days, and whipped the boys when they were drunk, so that we changed them very often." But this parish seems an isolated instance, and Richard Gough,
1657, Jan. 17, William, son of William Hordlev, and Margaret, was baptized in the Church of Fittz by Mr. Parsons, rector of Wemm, after the new Presbyterian way, according to the Directorie, in a basin of water by the Pulpit (Fitz Register.)
1659. March 4, Elizabeth, daughter of Richard Nichols and Margaret, was baptized in the font by Rob. Hilton, Minister of Tong. (Tong Register.)
From the infrequency of such entries in Shropshire Registers one might almost suppose they were exceptions to the rule, which was to follow kthe old way. The Directory also ordered births as well as baptisms to be entered in the Registers, but it is surprising in how few parishes this was obeyed, as may be seen by the Registers themselves.
1 The Parliament picked by the Protector through the whoale kingdom, and not chosen by the freeholders as usual, made one onely Act, which was that all persons should be marryed by Justices of the Peace, of which Act Mr. Culpepper sayd merryly
An act for marriages from heaven sure sent The only business of one Parliament.
(Gough, Hist, of Middle, p. 98).
2 e.g., Edward Wall was at Alberbury 1642-77; William Sugar at Clive and Broughton 1636-76 ; Prancis Barney at Worfield 1617-70 ; William James at Waters Upton 1632-91 ; Francis Browne at Shrawardine 1836-64.
248 ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OE SHROPSHIRE.
always on the look out for a bit of scandal, has nothing really bad to say, in his History of Middle, of the vicars and curates with whom lie came into contact.1
Loyalty or Malignancy (both words for the same thing), was the real cause of the sufferings of the majority of the Shropshire clergy.
Very early in the quarrel between Charles I. and his Parlia- ment, two incumbents, at least, from this county were in trouble with the latter. For the Journal of the House of Lords tells us that on I 5 February, 1640-I, the Vicar of Buck- nill, co. Salop [i.e., Richard Edwards, appointed 0 April, 1640], was dealt with by the bong Parliament "as a superstitious, innovating, scandalous, or malignant clergyman ;"2 and Walker speaks of Peter Studley (appointed Rector of Pontes- bury second Portion, 3 May, 1636) " being sent for into cus- tody by the House of Commons as a delinquent in the begin- ning of the Rebellion."3.
When the struggle between the two parties became acute, and war was inevitable, men had to take sides, and among the Ottley Papers4 is a list of seventeen Shropshire clergy- men who on Aug. 24, 1642, signed a loyal address to the King. This seems but a fragment of a larger list, and very incom- plete. For the names are practically confined to those hold- ing preferment in the north of the county, and chiefly in the neighbourhood of Oswestry. Of the seventeen, fourteen are certainly among the number of " Suffering Clergy."5
The following are the names : — John Arnway, parson of Hodnett, and Archdeacon of Salop. Richard A 11 n sham, rector oi Hopesay. James Fleetwood, rector of Prces. George Griffith, D.D., rector of Llanyinonagh. William Higgins, rector of Stoke-upon-Tern, and Archdeacon of Derbie.
1 Cf. Hist, of I\ fiddle, p.p. 22 and 121.
2 Lords' Joit r?ial, iv , 163 (given by Shaw, vol. ii , p. 297.) ? Walker Sufferings of Clergy pt. i., p. 57.
4 Transaction*, vii., n.s., p. 245.
5 Of the other three, death possibly saved Trice, of Knock in ; Wilding, of Selattyn, retained his benefice throughout; and Waring, of Halston's, fate,] is unknown to me, but as he was private chaplain to General Mytton, the proba- bility is thai his patron did not overlook this signature.
ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OF SHROPSHIRE 249
Gervas Nccdham, vicar of Bishops Castle.1 Nicholas Page, D.D., rector of Went John Price, rector of Knock in.2 William Ramsden, rector of Edgfttond. Laurence Seddon, B.D., rector of Worthen. John Smalmari, rector of Kynerley. Richard Waring-, curate of Halston.3 James Wilding, rector of Syllatton. Walter Williams, vicar of St. Martins. Edward Willins, rector of Wlnttington. Edmund Woolley, rector of Adderley. Humphrey Wynn, vicar of Oswestry.
And among the same Papers, but with no signatures, is the following " Resolution and fngagement " drawn up in Decem- ber, 1042 : —
"Wee, the Clergy of this County [of Salop] are (with " the noble Gentry) sensible of Your Majesties Wrongs, "and our Countries Danger ; And therefore with them " offer up our Abilities (w ith all humility) an hundred " Horse, to be under the Command of Sir Vincent Cor- " belt, according to Your Majesties Commission: That " so Your Ldyal Subjects may here live in Peace and be " serviceable to Your Majesty." But in the intervening four months many had taken more active parts. Before the King reached Shrewsbury on Sept. 20, Samuel Fisher, of Upton Magna, " a godlie minister " [afterwards at St. Mary's, Shrewsbury, and Lilleshall], had exerted all his powers, though in \ am, t< » persuade Sir Richard Newport, of High deal, to side with the Parliament against tlit- King ; and Dr. fames Betton, oi St. Mary's, " vespertil ion- ised " (" played the bat ") when Shrewsbury became a Royal
1 Bishop's Castl ■. Jerenbas Stephens, son of Walter Stephens, Rector, born at Bishop's Castle, wrote an account of the sequestrations of clergy, to which Walker was greatly indebted. Stephens was ol H.N.C., Oxon., then ( haptain of All Souls. In 1621 was appointed by the King Rector of (Juinton, North- ampton, and in 164 1 Prebendary of Lincoln, by Aichbishop Laud. Was sequestered in 1644 ; restored 1660; died Jan. 1664-5, 111 his 74th year. Walker gives a lon^j account ol his trial by the Sequestrators.
- Knockin. John Lrice, appointed 1631, was buried at VYhittington in 1646, and his successor, Henry Junes, was appointed. 16 June, 1646.
3 One ol his successors, Kichard Tapping, chaplain at Halston circa 1662-4 bee. one dissatisfied with the Church <-l I • n j • I . u 1 1 i , resigned, and turned Ouakei!
Vol. Vll., jid beiicb. DD
250 • ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OF SHROPSHIRE.
garrison, to avoid taking the oath of allegiance. Others held like opinions. On Feb. 18, 1642-3, Sir Francis Ottley, the newly appointed Royalist governor of Shrewsbury, ordered the constables to arrest George Baxter, vicar of Little Wen- lock, "by reason of his disaffection to his ma'tie " in having for "a long tyme absented himself from his cure and habi- tacon," and to bring him before1 Sir Francis " to answer to all such matters as slial be objected against him on his ma'ties behalf." Samuel Berkeley, vicar of Clungunford, was impri- soned in Jul)', 1643, by Lord Capel on the information of some of his parishioners for disloyalty. Thomas Littleton, vicar of Halesowen, was according to a certificate of Lord Denbigh, the Parliamentarian general, dated 16 April, 1 644, "a laborious and painful preacher, and well affected to ye Parliament "l Edward Lewis, vicar of Chirbury 1629-77, was also of pronounced Puritan opinions, and for his disloyal ser- mons was arrested and taken to Caus Castle.
But on the other side we may put John Arnway, rector of Hodnet and Ightfteld, who " furnished no less than eight Troopers for his Majesty's service ;" and Matthew Fowler, of High Ercall, who acted as Chaplain to the garrison of the Manor House, when it was besie ged, " where he showed him- self a man of courage and resolution." Richard lleylin, son of the Vicar of Great Ness, was chaplain to the Royal Garri- son at Ludlow ; Mr. Milward, of Leighton, held the same post at Bridgnorth ; James Fleetwood, vicar of Prees, " followed the late of II is Majesty into the Army, where he became Chaplain to the Far) of Rivers' Regiment : 111 1(342 he was created D.D. at Oxford for the good services lie had done in the battle of Edge Hill" [Oct. 23) ; William Higgins, rector Stokc-upon-Tcrn, was Chaplain to the Lichfield Troop of Volunteer Horse, and was taken prisoner at the same battle ; Thomas Fisher, rector of Frodesley, was made Governor of Ludlow for the King 111 1643, and in a list of Ludlow delin- quents of 1646 is the following : " The late Thomas Fisher raised a company in Ludlow for the King, and took ordnance from Bringewood Forge (his own property) to defend Lud-
1 Avium Lmlcton, his son, was .1 U<>> .ili.-a, and tor this reason was (.jolted fumjus Sli'idirnUhip at Cinisi (Jluucli, I )xloid.
ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OF SHROPSHIRE. 25 1
low;" and lastly, " Dr. Charles Vaughan, a parson," was deputy governor of Shrawardine Castle.
And turning from military to ecclesiastical doings: — " There came most credible information to London that April the 23, 1643, being the Lord's Day, one Master Morton, Vicar of Sheriff Hales, preaching took occasion to vent bitter im- precations against the Roundheads."1
But to proceed from particular to general notes. On July 1, the Westminster Assembly was called together, and
among its members were Samuel I [ildersham, rector of West Felton, chosen to represent the Shropshire clergy, with Hum phrcy Salwey, of Ludlow, and William Pierrepoint, of Tung Castle, M.P. for Wenlock,2 among the laymen. One of its first resolutions, sanctioned Aug. 1 8, 1643, by the Houses of Parliament, was that all altars and tables of stone be de- molished before Nov. I, the communion tables removed from the east end to the body of the Church, the rails round it taken away, and the chancels levelled. The result of this Act may be illustrated by an extract from the Churchwardens' Accounts of St. Julian's, Shrewsbury: —
1643. Pd. for takinge downc the Rayles and settinge them
about the Chancell to make seattc of 13s cf
And by this quotation from Gough (p. 45) : — " When the Par- liament got the upper hand of the King, they made an ordin- ance that the Communion Railes should bee pulled downe in every place ; and these att Myddle were taken downe, and the Chancell floor e was made levell, and the Comunion Table placed in the middle of itt. . . . Francis Watkins, when lice was warden bought a new Comunion Table which was a long one and two joined formes for the Comunicants to sitt att the table. It was placed along the north side of the Chancell."
The proposed changes did not meet with approval in all Shropshire parishes. Among the Church papers at Wistan- stow is a petition sent by the parishioners to the King and
1 John Vicars, Jehovah Jireh, p. 430.
-Of William Pierrepoint, bishop Juxton, i-aid, " He is one of the best of Parlia- ment men"; and of Juxton, Pierrepoint replied " He is one of the best of bishops." (Gough, p. 1S2) Pierrepoint was a leader of the Independent Party. (Sec Diet, of Na t. Biog.
ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OE SHROPSHIRE.
Parliament in 1642 protesting against the abolition of Epis- copacy and the Prayer Book. It bears 94 signatures. Simi- lar petitions were also sent from Culmington, Diddlebury, Ludlow, and other places in the vicinity.
As we rem, irked above, Parliament ordered that all above the age of 18 must sign the Solemn I .eague and Covenant on or before Feb. 2, 1643 4, and " a great number of the Church clergy were dispossessed in [643 owing to their refusal to take it." But Shropshire was still one of the most loyal counties, and probably but few suffered on this account till after the taking of Shrewsbury on Fob. 22, 1644-5.
The Puritans being now practically in power over the whole count)-, with the exception of certain isolated garrisons (all of which fell before the end of July with the exception of Ludlow, Bridgnorth, and High Efcall), the work of ejection would be systematically undertaken by the Committee of Salop, which had already been 111 existence for a year or more. For on June 13, 1644, an (i)rdinanee had been pissed giving to the Committee of the Count}- oi Salop power " to call be fore them all ministers and schoolmasters within the County of Salop th.it are scandalous in their lives, or ill affected to the Parliament, or fomentors oJ this unnatural war, or shall wilfully refuse obedience to the Ordinances oi Parliament, or shall have deserted their ordinary places of residence, not being employed in the service bi the King and Parliament ; and they shall have power to send lor any witnesses and ex- amine any complaint or testimony against them upon oaths of such persons as shall and may be produced to give evidence against them ; and upon such proofs of the aforesaid crimes, shall have hereby power to remove and eject all such scan- dalous Ministers and School masters and in their places to nominate and appoint such learned, able, godly and lit persons as they (with the advice and consent of three or more godly and learned Divines of the said county of Salop, which they shall call unto them for that purpose)shall think fit, and shall cause all such ministers and schoolmasters so nominated and appointed and placed, to be put in possession of the said Churches and Schools."1
1 Walker i., p. 89.
ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OF SHROPSHIRE. 253
With what spirit this Committee went to work is seen from the following anecdote : — The Committee in Shropshire were inclined to have spared a gentleman that appeared to be a person of excellent learning until one of tin: Members stood up and said ' The Jesuits and Priests were learned, and there- fore did more harm,' and accordingly the poor elerg) man was sequestered, as ma)' he justly affirmed for being .1 learned man.1
The Act armed the sequestrators witli a sort of Cardinal Morton's fork with six prongs, on one of which it was very easy to impale any minister unpopular with the powers that were. These prongs were Delinquency, Plurality, Malig- nancy, Scandal, Refusal of the Covenant, and Popish Prac- tices.
Of these, Delinquency, or desertion of his living, by a Royalist minister was the most ordinary excuse for sequestra- tion. An Act of Dec. 22, i(>|2, ordered th.it those who had joined the King's Arm)' should he " sequestered of the profits of their liv ings," and this order was used as " a peg whereon to hang any variety ot summary and violent prececdmgs."J Under it proceedings were taken against fohn Arnwny, of tlodnet ; Mathew howler, oi High Crcall ; James Fleetwood, of Pices ; William lliggins, of Stoke on Tern , for their conduit already referred to. William Ramsden, of Edg- mond ; Humphrey Wynne, of Oswestry ; Edrnutld Woolley, oi Acklerley ; Nicholas Prowdc, ol St. Mary's, Shrewsbury ; lames I .ogan, of the Abbey ; I .endall, ol St. Chad's, and, no doubt, man}' others, also came under the same charge.
Malignancy included any loyal expressions, and speaking slightingly of the Parliament's proceedings, charges easy to make, hard to disprove:
Plurality: A Bill was passed i<5 Jan., 1642-3, entitled "An Act against the enjoying oi pluralities of benefices by spiritual persons and non-residence." Such ministers as were pluralists were summarily dealt with by way of sequestration
1 Walker, i., p. 93. - Shaw ii., p. 1S5.
254 ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OF SHROPSHIRE.
from one or both livings. Among Shropshire clergy seques- tered, were the following pi urn lists (but whether this was the alleged cause of their ejection, I have not been able to discover), Richard Wood, of Cound and Shawbury ; William Owen, of Pontesbury 1st, and Pulverbatch ; Samuel Greaves, of Bemngton, and Pontesbury 3rd ; Thomas More, of Elles- mere and Middle ; and Thomas Atkinson, of Stanton Lacy and Wistanstow.
Scandal in the life of a minister was a never failing excuse for ejectment, though I have come across no charge of this sort in Shropshire. It included the use of the forbidden Prayer Book, publicly or privately.
Refusal to take the Solemn League and Covenant cost at least three their benefices, viz., Andrew Bayley of Shifnal, Thomas Fowler of Whitchurch, and his then curate Thomas Orpe, afterwards of Stanton-on-Hine Heath.
As fur the charge of Popish practices, such as bowing at the name of Jesus, it was certainly brought against John Arn- way, of Hodnet, but was generally used as a last resource, one or other of the former charges in most cases proving quite sufficient fur sequestration.
The following list is compiled from the names given by the Rev. John Walker in his Attempt towards recover Dig an ac- count of the X umbers and Surfer Digs of the Clergy of the Church of England in the late T lines o f the Great Rebellion (published in 1714s). He mentions forty altogether in Shrop- shire, but as he was a Devonshire man his account is natur- ally detective as far as this county is concerned. These apparently were early sufferers: —
Acton Scott: Richard Detton, Rector [appointed 13 May, 1O31 I ; " the expression in my Letter is that he was put out of the Ministry."
Aston Eyre : Thomas Hughes, Curate, " turned out from thence."
Bishop's Castle : Gervas Needham, Vicar [app. 29 Dec, 1629], who had signed the loyal Declaration of Aug. 1042. " Hi^ house and his goods w ere burnt, nor was he per- mitted to keep a private school for the subsistence of his Family. In so much that had they not been relieved by
ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OF SHROPSHIRE.
255
the charity of some relations, they must have wanted bread."1
Cainham : Charles Hall, Vicar, was sequestered, and " one J. Lloyd was sent thither from Eton School for the purpose of succeeding him."
Chetton : George Benson [app. 22 May, ,H>3<S|- also Preben- dary of ( hichester Cathedral [app. I(>43|, was ejected from his Rector)' by the Committee ol Shropshire, 164 |, and succeeded by John Spilsbury.
Church Piirverbatch : William Owen, Rector [app. 28 Jan., 1 640- 1 ], also Rector of Pontesbury 1st Portion [app. 21 Jan., 1O40-1 I ; sequestered 1 646 from both livings.
Chetwynd (see Edgmond) i William Ramsden, Rector [app. 4 July, 1638}.
Cleobury Mortimer : John Barker, Vicar [app. 12 Aug., 1 624], sequestered.
Cleobury North : John Smallman, Rector [app. 1 Aug, 1632], ejected.
Cound : Richard Wood (also Vicar of Shawbury) was turned out in the year 1O45, imprisoned in Shrewsbury, and died there soon after. " lie was a learned and very charitable person."
Culmington : Peter Mease, Rector [app. 9 Aug., 1631], was sequestered in the year 1O47, and died before the Re- storation ; he was an eminent person for his learning.
Diddlebury : Thomas Habberley, Vicar, sequestered.
Edgmond: William Ramsden, Rector [app. 5 March, 1631], also Rector of ( hetwynd, and Prebendary of Lichfield Cathedral, signed in 1642, and was created D.I). at Ox- ford in 1642-3, for his loyalty. " Dying in the tune of the Rebellion, his widow (a gentlewoman of good family) was with eight or nine children barbarously turned out of doors."
Edstaston : John Bisby, Vicar, was also Prebendary of Prces, or Pipe Minor, in Lichfield Cathedral. "All Cathedrals
1 In liishop's Castle Church is a brass with tiiis inscription : — lixuvia: (Jeryasii Needham hujus ecck-so olim l'arochi ut et Anne uxons ejus. Obiit ille Jan. xxvii : MDCXLVIII. Ilia CuinposilO inarito annus xxiiu vidua transegit : ct tandem <Vug. xxiii : MDCLXX1I : pi .icicle in Domino Icsu' obdormivit,
256 ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OF SHROPSHIRE.
were utterly destroyed, consequently all who belonged to them were dispossessed of their preferments." He, how- ever, " submitted to the men of the Interval," and kept his living of Edstaston, hut died before 1660. High Ercail : Matthew Fowler; Vicar [app. 1*644], "Stood up and valiantly defenddd the King's cause and was deeply engaged in his Majesty's service." Was ejected alter the surrender of Ercall Manor House, March 30, K>l5-().
Highley : Gyles Rawlins, Vicar [app. 11 May, 1635], seques- tered.
Hodnet: John Arnway, D.D., Rector [app. 3 Oct., 1634"], also Rector of [ght field, Archdeacon of Salop, and Preben- dary of Lichfield Cathedral, who had signed in 1642, was an early sufferer in the Rebellion and was driven from his liv ing by the garrison of Weni. Was taken prisoner at the capture of Shrewsbury Feb. 22, rf) 44-5, imprisoned and plundered, and very ill-used. Was driven first to the Hague, and afterwards to Virginia, where he died in 1053. Walker quotes at length from his Autobiography, which shows him a staunch adherent to his Church and King. In it he says: — "-The)' haled me out of prison in the dead of night to tax me of Papistry, the unde- served livery they gave to all true subjects and good Christians."
Hopesay : Ric hard Aunsham, M.A., Rector |app. o Dec, 1633], had signed in 1642 ; was imprisoned in Shrewsbury in 1O44-5, and most severely used, and during his confine- ment there his living was sequestrated.
ightfteld : (see Hodnet): John Arnway [app. j Dec, 1031].
Kemberton : Francis Woods, Rector [app. 4 Aug., 1622], was sequestered.
Llanymynech : George Griffith, D.D., Rector, also Archdeacon and Canon of St. Asaph, had signed in 1642. "After the breaking out of the Rebellion he lost his preferments, but continued successfully to assert the truth and cause of the Church of England in Wales by disputing with the Itinerants, keeping up the Offices and Ceremonies of the Church, for which, and other good services to it, as
ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OF SHROPSHIRE
257
also to his Majesty, lie was made Bishop of St. Asaph in 1660. He is thought by some to have composed the " Form of Baptizing those of Riper Years."
Lydham : John Aumbler, Vicar [app. 1 Dec, 1630], seques- tered. His son, Bryan Aumbler, who succeeded to Lyd- ham, cS April, 1661, was ejected from his Postmastership at Merlon College, Oxford, by the Visitors.
Milson and Neen Sellers : Edward Pitts, Rector [app. 20 June, 1630], sequestered.
Moreton Corbet : Thomas Clocburn, M.A., Rector, was forced to quit on the taking of the Hall by the Parliament troops, Sept. to, 1644, and his family were turned out of doors, and compelled to take refuge 111 a poor cottage half a mile distant.
Oswestry: Humphry Wynne, Vicar [app. 1 639], signed in 1642. He was sequestered when Oswestry was taken, June 20, 1644. He lived to be restored in 1OO0, and died in 1675.1
Prees : James Fleetwood, Rector [app. 1638), also Prebendary of Lichfield Cathedral, signed in 1642 ; and " was a very early sufferer, being forced betimes to quit his Vicarage." He became an Army Chaplain attached to Lord Rivers' Regiment till the war was over, being created D.D. at Oxford in 1642 by his Majesty's special command for the good services he had done at Edge Hill, on Oct. 23, 1642. Subsequently he was Tutor to the Dukes of Rich- mond. In 1675 he became Bishop of Worcester. "His loyalty was all the more observable for several of his iamily [the Fleetwoods of co. Bucks] had been concerned in the Rebellion, and one of them particularly had dipt his hands in the Royal and Sacred Blood of His Ma jest)'."
Pontesbury 2nd Portion : Peter Studley, Rector [app. 3 May, 1636], was deprived in i()|(). He had, as stated above,
1 4T went to Aberystwyth, where Viccar Wynne of Oswestrey's widdow I found married to a Butler ot Gogerddan, then an Innholder there : they lining some- what English hied, I expected neither rudeness nor nastiiuss from them, especially when I heard ye woman tell mee what yreat obtigac'ons she was bound in to our house foi ye only favours showed her when f-liee was a stranger in Oswestrey, but there I found more Jewish dealing than ever I did on London roads.1' (Letter from Edward Lloyd, of Llanforda, dated circa 1677.)
Vol. VI L, 3rd Series. EE
258 ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OF SHROPSHIRE.
suffered before the Civil War began, probably for writ- | ing a book called A Looking Glass, for Schismatics, to prove to what lengths Puritan fanaticism might lead, i He was buried at Pontesbury, July 15, 1648.
Shawbury : Richard Wood, Vicar [app. 3 Jan., 1620-1] ; see Cound. " Mr. Wood, Vicar of Shawbury and Parson of Cund, imployed Thomas Hanmer, who kept a petty schoole at Shawbury, to read service att Shawbury when hee was att Cund" (Gough, p. 160). Mr. Wood left Gough a legacy of £5}
Shifnal ; Andrew Baily, M.A., Vicar, by refusing the Cove- nant and preventing others from taking it, rendered him- self obnoxious to the Prevailing Party, that they not only turned him out of his living, but sequestered his tem- poral estate, and plundered him as well as imprisoning him twice. Walker gives a long account of his sufferings.
Shrewsbury, St. Alkmund : Thomas Good, B.D., Vicar [app. 1635], and Fellow of BaJliol, was sequestered, though a man of Puritan leanings, and friend of Richard Baxter: some lime after his ejectment he was made Vicar of Coreley, which he held 1647-60.
Sidbury : Ralph Hide, Vicar [app. 2 Pel)., 1630- 1], was se- questered.
Stanton Lacy: Thomas Atkinson, Vicar [app. 15 May 1639]; also Rector of Wistanstow, was sequestered, and died before the Restoration, " having met with such barbarous treatment as was thought to shorten his days."
Stanton upon Mine Heath : Thomas Orpe, curate to Dr. Thomas Fowler at Whitchurch, was summoned before the Cheshire Committee at Nantwich, and had the Covenant tended to him with a promise of preferment if he would take it, but utterly refused both. Driven from Whitchurch he officiated for a short time at Mor- ton Say ; but Col. ( live, of Styche, who lived in the parish, displaced him and substituted one Peartree, who had been formerly a Pedlar, but was now considered a
1 Thomas Hanmer's sun, Joseph, was ordained at Frees in 1657, for White- well, aehapelrycd Malpas. and conformed in 1662. In 1667 he was appointed Vicar ot Marchwicl, near Wrexham.
ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OF SHROPSHIRE. 259
gifted and celebrated preacher. The widow of Sir John Corbet, a distant relation, then sent for him to serve a small curacy in or belonging to Hodnet, where she lived, [Peplow, or Weston under Redcastle|. But one Bruce, a Lieutenant in the Parliamentarian army, having married the daughter ol the Intrudes at Hodnet, was soon afterwards appointed to it, and Orpe was forced to move again1. In 1050 the widow of Sir Andrew Corbet presented him to Stanton on ITine Heath, as successor to Rowland Nevet, removed to Oswestry. Here Thomas Orpe rem. lined till 105), when he was turned out by the Ejectors tor refusing the Engagement, and replaced by Henry Cruchlow, curate of Edgmond, who had been, so common report said, a gentleman's butler. Mr. Orpe then officiated at Battlefield and Preston Gubballs, till the Restoration. Walker gives a long account of his troubles, sent him by Mr. Orpe's son. Stoke upon Tern: William Higgms, Rector [app. 11 April, 1639], also Archdeacon of Derby, and Canon and Pre- centor of Lichfield Cathedral, signed in 1O42. After his capture at Edge Hill he suffered close imprisonment a full quarter of a year. Released at length, he settled at Pontesbury, but having notice of the Shropshire Com- mittee's intention to imprison him again, he escaped to Bridgnorth, and thence to Lichfield, where he stayed till the end of the siege (July, 1 646). Afterwards he wan- dered to and fro till the Restoration. His successor was Samuel Campion, " who came with a troop of horse to turn the family out of the rectory into the cold," a poor cottager taking pity on them. Mr. Higgms deserves gratitude from all bibhophils for having preserved the Book of St. Chad, " the treasure of Lichfield Cathedral."1 Walker gives a long account of his, and his family's sufferings in the words of his eldest son, Mr. Robert Higgms.
Stottesden : Thomas Amias [app. 13 June, 1624] was seques- tered, and his first successor was named Eastman.
1 Beresford, Diocesan History of Lichfield, j>. 147.
260 ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OF SHROPSHIRE.
Wcstbury First Portion : Ambrose Phillips, M.A., Rector [app. 20 June, I02(>| was ordered to be sequestered from the profits of his living Au^. 2, iOj.5, and to be ejected Sept. 10, i0-|0, both by the Committee of Salop, the hitter order being put into execution by a party of soldiers, who tinned his wi-le and children out. oi doors, lie a itenwirds officiated at Shipton, "but was driven from this likewise."
Wistanstow : see Stanton Lacy ; Thomas Atkinson [app. 12 Feb., 1638].
Whitehurch : Thomas Fowler, I). I)., Rector |app. | April, 1 631], was tinned out for refusing the Covenant, and having been tossed to and fro, died in 1652, aged 51.
Worthen : Laurence Seddon, D.D., Rector [app. 21, Oct., 1631], who signed in [642, became by the honesty of his principles obnoxious to the prevailing faction, by whom he was dragged out of his pulpit and sent a prisoner to Shrewsbury, where he continued till the Royal Party made a reprisal of one ol the Factious preachers,1 for whom he was exchanged. On his release he was ejected and forced to fly to London, where he subsisted on what his friends could afford to give, till the Restoration. " One Betton, curate of St. Mary's, 111 Salop, was by a troop of horse put in possession," but resigned in 1653. Walker, however, omits the following, and no doubt many
others : —
Adderley : Fdmund Woolley, Rector [app. 13 Dec, 1628], signed 111 1642. He was a staunch Royalist, and, accord- ing to Baker's History of St. John's College, Cambridge, " suffered and did many things during the Rebellion for his King and his Church." Certainly he lost all his pre- ferments, and was banished. His sequestration must have been early, for he was with the King at Oxford when he was created D.D., on Dee. 30, [643. In 1665 he was made Bishop of Clonfert, in Ireland.
^ 1 Possibly Edward Lewis, Vicar of Chirbury, who was taken as a prisoner to Caus Castle on Oct. 11, 1044, owing to his disloyal sermons, though Di. Seckloivs arrest must have been alter Feb. 22, 1 644-5.
ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OF SHROPSHIRE
26l
Berrington : Samuel Greaves fapp. 9 Jan., 161 8], was also Rector of Pontesbury Third Portion, and was ejected from the latter in August, 1645, but allowed to hold Ber- rington till his death 111 July, 1053.
Bucknell : Richard Edwards, Vficar [app. (5 April, 1640], had, as already said, been in trouble for malignancy in 1641, and was probably ejected ; lor on 28 Sept., 1047, a Puri- tan named John Cough was nominated to this parish, the patron being Jeremiah Powell.1
Ellesmere : Thomas More, Vicar [app. 20 March, 1 629,-130], and also Vicar of Middle, " was a loyal subject to King Charles the 1st, and therefore, to avoid the troubles that the Parliament forces did putt him to, he left his places and lied to Condon [? Ludlow]. About the year 1646 the Parliament began to displace all scandalous and in- sufficient ministers, and all malignants (for so they called all such as had adhered to the King), whereupon Mr. More came into the country seeking to retain his places, but he was ousted from both, and went back to London, and never returned again into this country." (Gough, p. 18). On April 14, 1649, Mr. More was fined £154 lor delinquency 111 going into Ludlow, when a garrison for the King.
Kinnerley : John Smallman, Rector, who had signed in 1642, was deprived, but lived to be restored in 1660.2
Middle : see Ellesmere, Thomas More [app. 9 April, 1630].
Mont ford : Thomas Linton, Vicar [app. 29 March, 1(339], was ejected. For John Soothill was here in 1648, though Unton lived to the Restoration, and was appointed to Chetwynd, 25 Aug., 1663.
Ness, Great : Thomas Heylin, father of the Chaplain to the Royal Garrison at Ludlow, was most probably ejected, lie was at Ness Jan. 8, 1645-6, but his place was filled July 26, 1O47. The Register, however, is a blank between 1O40 and 165 1, owing, a note says, to the Civil War.
1 Hou^c of Lords' Journal, ix. , 452, iMven by Shaw, ii., p. 345. - Sec Archdeacon rhohias*s History of the Diocese of \SL Asaph. There was another John bmalhnan who was Vicar of Cleobury North (vide supra).
262 ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OF SHROPSHIRE.
Oswestry School : Edward Payne, Headmaster, a layman,
was ejected for delinquency. Pontesbury First Portion : W illiam Owen, Rector [app. 21
Jan., 1640 1 |, was ejected in lOjo ^see Church Pulver-
batch).
Pontesbury Third Portion : Samuel Greaves [app. 1627] was ejected in 1O45 (see Berrington).
Ruyton xi Towns : John Edmonds, Vicar [app. 1635I was de- prived lor delinquency.
Saint Martin's : Walter Williams, who had signed 1642, was deprived, but lived to be restored in iooo.1
Shrewsbury, Holy (toss: James Logan, Vicar [app. 4 May, 1.64a], was ejected on the capture of the town, Feb., 1(44 5.
Shrewsbury, St. Mary's : Nicholas Prowde,2 was ejected on the capture of the town.
Shrewsbury, St. Chad's: . Lendall, Vicar, was ejected on the capture of the town.
Shrewsbury School : Thomas Chaloner, Headmaster, was ejected at the same time.
Tong : W illiam Southall enters in the Register from 11 March, 1640-I to July, 1643, when the Castle was made a garrison for the Parliament, but not after. Probably therefore ejected.
Wem : Nicholas Page, D.D., Rector [app. 9 Oct., 1639], signed in 1 042. Wem was the centre of Puritanism in Shrop- shire, and he was ejected immediately after, (if not be- fore), Wem became a garrison for the Parliament in August, 1643.
Whittington : Edward Willins, Rector, [app. 1608], who had signed in 1642, was deprived.3 Most probably fuller research would reveal many other sufferers. I/or example there may have been a sequestration at 1 .oppington, since
George Buchananies was appointed 27 April, 1 040 ;
1 1 homas's History of St. Asap/i.
a Nicholas Proud, B. of 1). and sometyme Archdeacon of Cassel in Ireland (before the bloody rebellion [of Oct., 1641]), now (vizt. Dec. 26, 1644), Curate of St. Maries in Salop (since Dr. Uetton vesperUlionised). [Note in list of Donors to Shiewsbury School Library.]
1 Thomas's Hist, of St. Asaph.
ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OE SHROPSHIRE. 263
Vaughan Edwards styled himself Vicar and Parson in 1656 ; Thomas Gittins was Episcopally appointed 11 Sept., 1662, but was apparently here in 1660.
Yet it would not he safe to conclude without further evi- dence that the first named was sequestered for loyalty ; or that Edwards was an intruder, who " went out " at the Re- storation ; or that Gittins was an Independent who con- formed, and was re-ordained, in 1662, so keeping his living.
Parliament next took in hand the way in which the new Ecclesiastical constitution should be regulated and governed. Presbyteries were therefore ordered to be established in every county in June, 1646 ; and 111 the Bodleian Library is a pamphlet, dated 29 April, 1O47, and entitled The Sever all Divisions and Persons for Classical I Presbyteries in the County of Salop. Approved by the Right Honorable Committee of Lords and Commons for J adging of Scandals.
The County of Salop is divided into six Classical Presby- teries as followeth, viz. :— -
/. Tin Saint Maries parish Julians parish Cedds parish Alkmonds parish Abbey Foregate
parish Brace Meole Han wood Sutton Berrington Conde Condover Stapleton Smethcot Powderbatch Pitch lord Acton Burnell Frodesley Ilarley
First Class is to c on t a in e Ken ley
in
Shrewsbury and the Suburbs
Albright on
Shaw bury
Ford
Carston
Alberbury
Ppntesbury
Westbury
Uffington
Upton Magna
Atcham
Roxcester
Roddington
Wortheri
Eaten Constantine Arcall
Rock ward ine Wellington
x Hodleian Library 4" I>, 62 Th. Given by Shaw, ii., pp. 406-12.
264
ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OF SHROPSHIRE.
Ministers fit to bee of the First C las sis. Mr. James Betton D.D. [of Worthen] Mr. Thomas Paget! of Cedds 111 the Town of Shrewsbury Mr. Thomas Blake of Alkmonds Mr. Samuel Fisher of Manes ,, ,, ,,
Mr. [Francis] Garbet of Roxcester Mr. James Smith of Upton Mr. Francis Wright of Wellington Mr. [Samuel] Smith of Concle.
Others fit to bee af the First Class is. Thomas Knight, Maior of Shrewsbury Humphrey Mackworth, Esquire Thomas Niccolls, Esq Rowland Hunt, Esq
Francis Forster, of Watling Street, Esq
John Langley, of Abbey Foregate, gent.
Mr. John Eloyd, of Shrewsbury, draper
Mr. John Prowd, of Shrewsbury, draper
Mr. Richard Pigott, Schoolmaster of Shrewsbury
Mr. Adam Webbe, of Shrewsbury, draper
Mr. Thomas Gnffithes, of Benthall
Mr. Edward Davycs, of Pennington
Mr. William Jones, of Chilton
Mr. John Browne, of Kcsle
Thomas 1 hint, Esqre.
John Corbet, of Aulston, Esq
Robert Charlton, of Apley, Esq.
2. The See ond CI as sis to containe
|
Oswestrey |
Ellesmere |
|
Llannymynych |
Hordley |
|
Elan-Blodwell |
Baschurch |
|
Selaten |
Petton |
|
Martins |
Nesse Magna |
|
Whittington |
Loppington |
|
Felton |
Shrawarden |
|
Ryton |
Mont ford |
|
Knockyn |
Pitts |
|
Kynnerley |
Preston Gubbolds |
|
Myddle |
ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OF SHROPSHIRE.
265
Ministers fit to bee of the Second Class is. Mr. Samuel Hildcrson of West Felt on Mr. Rowland Nevett [of Stanton on Hine Heath] Mr. James Wildinge of Selatten Mr. Joshua Richardson of Middle Mr. Stephen Lewis of Baschurch Mr. Oliver Thomas of Oswestry Mr. Francis Browne, of Shrawardine
Others fit to bee of the Second Classis. Collonell Robert Powell, high Sheriffe of the County of Robert Corbet, of Stan warden, Esq [Salop. Arthur Chambre, of Petton, Esq Thomas Clyve, of Walford, Esq Leighton Owen [of Bragington |, Esq Thomas Baker, of Swinney, gent. Collonell Thomas Mytton, of Ralston Collonell Andrew Lloyd, of Aston Thomas Harris, of Prescot, gent. John Wilcockes, schoolmaster of Oswestry John Rogers of Midleton gent. Edmund Bush op of Oswestry
3. The Third Classis to contain e
|
Bridgnorth |
Hugh- Lee |
|
YVorveild |
Madeley |
|
Claverley |
Kinlett |
|
Alveley |
Munck-hopton |
|
Ouat |
Ouldbury |
|
Ouatford |
I lope-Bagott |
|
Albright on |
Priors Dyttoii |
|
Stockton |
Acton -Rownd |
|
Ryton |
Chetton |
|
Sutton |
Tonge |
|
Kemberton |
Badger |
|
Shuffnall |
Beck bury |
|
Willey |
Wenlock-magna |
|
Barrowe |
Wenlock-parva |
|
Eaton |
Broseley |
Vol. VI.., jhl Scries,
266
ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OF SHROPSHIRE.
Upton-Cresset Higley
Halesowen Tasley
Glaseley Whettle
Sydbury and Billingsley Stottesden
Ministers fit to bee of the Third CI as sis. Mr. Gilbert Walden of Bridgnorth Mr. Joseph Sound of Shiiffnall Mr. George Adney of Wenlock Magna Mr. George Baxter of Wenlock Parva Mr. | John | Spilsbury of Chetton Mr. [Edmund] Paston of Hales owen
Others thought fit to bee of the Third CI as sis. William Pierrepont [of Tong Castle], Esq. Richard Cresset, of Upton Cresset, Esq. Launcelot Lea, of Alveley, Esq. Richard Kittilbye, of Ribble, gent. Maurice Overton, gent. 1 Bayliffes of Joseph Sadler, gent. f Bridgnorth Awdler Bowdler, of Arlscot, gent. Roger Rowley of Rowley, Esq. Hercules Kynnersley, of Cleobury North, gent. George Bishop of More, gent.
John Huxley of Broseley, gent., Bayliffe of Wenlocke Humphrey Briggs [of Haughton], Knight and Baronet.
4. The Fourth Class is to eontaine
|
Wemme |
Cheswardine |
|
Prees |
Stoke super Terne |
|
Bowlas |
Arcall parva |
|
Waters-uptori |
Hodnet and Moreton Say |
|
Whitchurch |
Staunton and Moreton C |
|
[ghtfield |
bet |
|
Wore |
I .eebrockhurst |
|
Drayton |
1 1 ppington |
|
Norton |
Eyton super Wiltfmore |
|
Addci Icy |
1 .ongdon super Terne |
|
Hinstocke |
Preston super Wildmore |
ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OF SHROPSHIRE. 267
Lilleshall
Build was
Dawlcy
Stirchley
Tiberton
Wombridge Leigh ton Kynnersley
Longford Edgmond Aston
Newport Chetwyn
Ministers fit to bee of the Fourth Classis.1 Mr Andrew Parsons of Wemme Mr. Francis Boughey of Hodnct Mr. Thomas Porter of Whitchurch Mr. Thomas Cooke of Drayton Mr. John Bisby of Edstaston Mr. [Peter] Nicolls of Adderley Mr. Aylmer Haughton of Prees.
Others fit to bee of the Fourth Glass is. Sir John Corbet, Baronet William Steven ton of Preston, Esq Rowland Hill of Soulton, Esq John Hotchkys of Whitchurch, gent Daniel Benyon of Ash, gent Thomas Brayne of Whixall, gent Creswell T ay lour of Bowlas, gent Samuel Sandford of Twemloes, gent William Golborne of Kenston, gent Joshuah Witter of Whitchurch Richard Mason of New town, gent
1 This Fourth Classis was generally called the Whitchurch, or Bradford North Classis. In twelve years it ordained 63 ministers (according to The Llje of Philip Henry, p. 35), among them Richard Sadler at Whixall Chapel, May io, 1O48 ; John Machin at Whitchurch in 1G49, for Ashbourne, Derbyshire ; Timothy Fox at Whitchurch, in 1651, for Drayton Basset, Staffordshire ; Thomas Porter, jun., John Wilson, David Jenks, George Burraston, and Thomas Soley, at Whitchurch, in 1656 ; Philip Henry for Worthenbury, Flintshire, Samuel Hall for Barlaston, Staffordshire, Joseph Hanmer for Whitewell, Cheshire, Mr. Bradley for Nesse, Mr. Dickens for Moreton Say, and Mr. Jones for Llanarmon, at Frees, on Sept. 16, 1657 ; and Fiancis Keeling, for Cockshut, at Whitchuich.
Philip Heniy in his Diary, under July 6, 1657, says: "the Preshytery in Shropshire for Ordination " who examined him were Mr. Porter, President, Mr. Haughton, Mr. Parsons, Mr. Binney and Mr, Steel [the last had succeeded Mr. Porter at Hanmer, when he moved to Whitchurch]. And under Sept. 14, 1657, "Mr. Parsons, Mr. Porter, Mr. Haughton, Mr. Maiden and Mr. Steel, layd hands on me, and successively on five more."
268 ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OF SHROPSHIRE.
Samuel Smith of Werame, mercer Robert Give of Stych, Esq William Cotton of Bellaport, Esq.
Ministers fit to bee of the Fifth Classis. Mr. John Rusbatch of Wistanstow Mr. John Maiden of Cleobury Mortimer Dr. [Patrick] Panter of Holcgate1 Mr. Edmund Barton of Culmington Mr. Samuel Barkeley of Clungunford Mr. [blank] of Ludlow.
Others fit to bee of the Fifth Classis. Sir Adam Littleton of Stoke Milborough, Baronet William Litleton of More, Esq Thomas Kettilby of Bitterley Esq Robert Charleton of Whitton Esq Edward Whitchcott of Greet Esq Edward Cresset of Cotes, gent Robert Kettilby of Steple, gent
App. to Holgate, iS April, 1640.
5. The Fifth CI
as sis to containe
Ludlow Burford
Ash ford Carbonell
Ash ford Bowdler
Greet
Caynham
Coreley
Bitterley
Bromheld
Staunton Lacye
Stokesaye
I law ford
Milson
Could-Weston Cleobury Mortimer Cleobury North
Clungunford Hopton Wafers Hopton in le Hole Long Staunton Holegate Tugford Margarets Clee Stoke Milborough Bottrells Aston Abdon
Scrivens Midleton
Upper Neene
Eaton
Dowles
Lower Neene
Wistanstow
ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OF SHROPSHIRE.
George Tompson of Sherehouse William Hill of Burrqwstpn Isaac Sheplieafd of Bawcott gent William Walker of Staunton gent John Aston of Ludlow, gent.
6. The Sixth Classis to containc
|
St ret ton |
Acton Scot t |
|
Cardington |
Mindtowne |
|
Rushbury |
I .idbury |
|
Shipton |
Edgton |
|
Monslowe |
Sibdon |
|
I )idlebury |
1 [opesay |
|
Weston |
( !lonnebury |
|
Weston (sic) |
Bedston |
|
Bucknell |
Stowe |
|
Clonne |
Llanvair-waterden |
|
Maynston |
Ratlinghope |
|
Bettus |
Leebotwood |
|
Bishops Castle |
Habberley |
|
More |
Chirbury |
|
Norbury |
Shelve |
|
Wentnor |
Acton Scot (sic) |
|
Hope Bowdler |
1 Iopton |
Mumsists fit to bee of the Sixth Classis. Mr. Thomas Froysell of Clonne Mr. George Barkley of Maynston Mr. George Lawson of More Mr. Richard Heath of H opesay Mr. Edward Lewis of Chirbury Mr. [Anthony] Hawkes of Stretton.
Others fit to bee of the Sixth Classis. Harcourt Leighten of Plash, Esq Samuel More of Linley, Esq Henry Powell of Shad well, gent Charles Lang ford of Shipton Castle Francis Harris oJ Aston, gent Heilry Harris of Stockton, gent
270 ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OF SHROPSHIRE.
Edward Baxter of Broughton, gent Will. Billingsley of Bishops Castle, gent Walter Holland of Purslowe, gent Michael Stephens of Ascot, gent Thomas More of More, Esq Esay Thomas of Bishops Castle, Esq.
These several Divisions and Persons are approved to be Classical Presbyteries in the County of Salop. April 29, 1647. E. Manchester.
This arrangement was entirely Presbyterian, but Presby- terianism was tottering, and the Independents were rising into power. In little more than a year Pride's purge of the House of Commons took place, and all Presbyterians were driven out, leaving only the Independent members to sit.
Shropshire Clergy evidently viewed this state of affairs with alarm. For in the British Museum is a pamphlet en- titled "A Testimony of the Ministers in the Province of Salop To the Truth of Jesus Christ, and to the Solemn League and Covenant : As also against the Errors, Heresies, and Blasphemies of these tunes and the Toleration of them" Sent up to the Ministers within the Province of Lon- don, Subscribers of the First Testimony.1 London, M.D.CXLVIII.
It is signed by fifty-seven Shropshire Ministers who would all be Presbyterians, disjikers of Toleration ; the Indepen- dents on the other hand being in favour of it. George Adeney, pastor of Wenlock Magna [app. 14 Mar.,
1615].
Thomas Adney, pastor of Easthope [app. 28 Feb., 1638]. Robert Alderson, minister of Pontesbury 1st portion. John Andrews, minister of Pulvcrbatch. George Barclay, rector of Maynston.
Edmund Barton, pastor of Broseley [app. 7 Feb., 161 6]. George Baxter, pastor of Little Wenlock [app. 18 Sept., 1608.]2
1 The Petition of the London Ministers to the Assembly of Divines, Jan. 2, 1645-6.
- The holy and reverend pastor who lived at Little Wenlock till about 86 years of age in the constant faithful preaching and practising of the Gospel Reliquice, iii., p. 91).
ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OF SHROPSHIRE.
271
Robert Benny, rector of Ightfield.
James Bet tun, D.D., pa stor of Worthen.
Thomas Blake, minister of Alkmonds, Salop.
Francis Boughey, pastor of Hodnet fapp. to Stokesay 24
Jan., 1631). John Bisby, pastor of Edstaston.
Jonadab Birch, pastor of Shifnall [re-app. '14 Feb., 1661-2]. Francis Browne, rector of Shrawardine [app. 26 Nov., 1638]. Thomas Busby, pastor of Kemberton. Humphrey Chambers, minister of Stirchley. Reginald Corbet, minister oi Tasley.
Thomas Cook, pastor of Drayton Magna [app. 2 Oct., 1634]. Samuel Fisher, pastor of Marye's, Salop [app. to Upton
Magna 21 July, 1635 ]. Richard Fowler, minister of Longford. Thomas Froysell, pastor of Clun [app. 27 Sept., 1637]. William Cower, minister of Morton Corbet. Francis Garbitt, pastor of Wroxeter [app. 8 Aug., 1609] Timothy Hammonds, minister of Pontesbury 2nd. Aylmer Haughton, pastor of Prees. Richard Hayes, minister of Morvield.
Samuel Hildersham, rector of West Felton [app. 13 June, 1628].
James Jephcot, M.A. [minister of Oldbury, app. 3 Aug., 1648].
Richard Nott, minister of Barrow.
Stephen Lewis, pastor of Baschurch:
John Maiden, pastor of Cheswardine.1
Isaac Martin, rector of Bolas [app. 17 March, 1627-8].
Will. Martin, rector of Sid-bury and Billingsley.
Thomas Niccols, pastor of Astley Abbots [app. to Chelmarsh
2 March, 161 5 |. Peter Niccols, pastor of Adderley. Andrew Parsons, pastor of Wem. Edmund Paston, pastor of Hales Owen. Richard Payne, minister of Ness Strange. Thomas Porter, pastor of Whitchurch.
1 Not the John Maiden who succeeded the ejected John Barker, at Cleobury Mortimer, and was one of the Ministers of the 5th Uassis, for he was buried at Cleobury, Sept. n, 165O. This John Maiden was afterwards at Newport, and " went out " in 1C62.
ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OF SHROPSHIRE.
Robert Powford, minister of Uppington [app. to Eaton under
Haywood 10 March, 1638]. Michael Richards, minister of Madeley. William Rock, minister of Aston. Richard Sadler, preacher at Whixall. John Sooth il, minister of Monford.
James Smith, pastor of Upton Magna [app. to Wrockwardine
2 April, 1635]. Samuel Smith, pastor of Cund. John Spilsbury, pastor of Chetton. William Stammer, pastor of Atcham.
Michael Thomas, rector of Stockton [app. II May, 1642]. Henry Vaiigiian, pastor of Moreton Say. Gilbert Waldcn, pastor of Bridgnorth (app. to Willey 28 Feb., 1638 ()|.
Thomas Watmore, vicar of Rfton [xi Towns].
James Wilding-, rector of Sillatten [app. [61b].1
Edward Wall, minister of Alberbiiry [here 1642].
Francis Wright, jun., preacher of Hadnall.
Francis Wright, pastor of Wellington [app. 1 Jan., 1 620-1].
Thomas Wright, pastor of Kinnersley.
[Possibly 111 the above list Pastor^ Rector, and Vicar signify an instituted and inducted Incumbent ; Minister, one who was stationed as Locum Tenons, or Curate in Charge, in place of a sequestered or ejected Parson].
For the support of those turned out of their benefices, Parliament on July (>, [643, ordered not more than a fifth to be paid out of the livings for the support of the wives and children of sequestered ministers, while in the Act ol 1(156 the allowance of Fifths was ordered specially for clergymen not possessed of real estate of £30 per ami. or a personality of £500. But notwithstanding these Orders, the allowances were only obtained with considerable trouble and expense, and often refused on very slight pretexts, thus the ejected were frequently in great want, as is proved by the many entries of relief in Churchwardens' accounts, e.g.: —
1 James Wilding of Sellattyn, is the only one in this list who had signed the Loyal Declaration of 1642. He had been tutor to General Mytton, and was at Selattyn over 48 years, dying Feb. n, 1658-9, and being succeeded by his son Thomas, who was Rector till his death April 4, 1678.
ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OF SHROPSHIRE. 273
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Sd J |
Having paid attention to the personnel of the Church, the Parliament now turned its thoughts to the buildings. On Aug. ig, 1C46, the House of Lords appointed a Committee to prepare an ordinance for some course to be taken for the repairing of Churches and Chapels. Three months later " an ordinance for the repairing of Churches and the pay- ment of Church duties " was read in the House of Commons on Nov. 4, 1646. This ordinance passed the House of Lords on the 22nd March, id|f) /, but was only entered in its Journals on the gth February, 1647-8. It provided for the election of four or fewer parishioners of each parish or chapelry as Churchwardens, to be approved of within a month by two Justices of the Peace. With the overseers they were to levy a rate on every occupier of land and tythes
in the1 same towards the maintenance and reparation of the said Church or Chapelry. If they were negligent in per- forming this duty, a Justice might by a warrant direct what reoairs should be done, and limit the time lor doing it, and all Churchwardens disobeying such a warrant were liable to a fine of 40s. This Act was necessary owing to the damage done to the buildings by both Royalists and Parliamentarians using Churches for military purposes, because they were the only building in the place capable of defence, or of being held by the opposite side. Among others, the following suffered 111 Shropshire :
Atcham : The Church both externally and internally bears
marks of having been struck by cannon balls. Bishop's Castle : '1 he present Church was erected about 1648, in place of an earlier one which was damaged and the Vol. VII., 3rd Scries. (](',
274 ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OF SHROPSHIRE.
interior burnt when serving as a place of defence for the Parliamentarians in August, 1645. Benthall : The previous Church, which stood in front of the Hall was destroyed, when the latter was garrisoned in the war.
Bridgnorth, St. Leonards: In the Churchwardens' Accounts is this entry : — " 1645-6, March 1. Workinge at the steeple in high church, and takeing down the belles there by the Governours command : takeing down the battle- rrientes of the steeple of the high church." It was so injured in the war that the townsmen were force'd to rebuild it, " which," writes Dr. Cox; in his Magna BHianriiti, 1720, "hath not long been done." "As lor the great church it was a great while before it was re- built, and that after two general collections for it." (Reliquice, i., 21).
Chin : A petition of the parishioners to Parliament, dated March 30, 1047, says: — "Whereas a great part of our Church and Steeple, which was covered with lead and furnished with four bells, were during these late Troubles.burnt by an Officer of the King's party (lest it should be made a Garrison for the1 Parliament or a future defence and shelter for the soldiers as it formerly had been), the loss thereof amounting to £800 at the least, and your petitioners are now destitute both of Church and Chapel wherein to hear the word of God and receive the Sacraments to the spiritual prejudice of your Petitioners and their families."
Great Polas is said, in the sequestration charges against the Rector, Isaac Martin, to have been greatly injured by the people of the village after the fall of Shrewsbury, lest it should be garrisoned by the Parliament and their houses burnt. " The Minister after the Church was de- faced, came there and wept, and went into his house again."
High Ercall : a letter from Shrewsbury, dated December, 1645, says: — "The whole town of Ercall is burnt, ye Church demolished, all the Churches found about it are uncovered."
The Weekly Account of April 8, 1645, reports that
ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OF SHROPSHIRE. 275
the Parliamentarian troops " had made a great breach into High Ercall Church." In 1658 briefs were issued " towards the rebuilding of High Ercall Church."
Loppington : In this Church the Parliament had fixed a Garrison in September, 1O43 ; but the Royalists under Lord Capel dislodged them by firing J.he porch and roof which were covered with shingles. On July 17, 1655, a Justice's warrant appointed a Committee to see to the repair of the Chancel of Loppington, the Churchwardens being reported as negligent in doing their duly.
Madeley : The Register has under 1645, April 14, " All which time the Church [of Madeley] was garrisoned by a troop of the Parliament commanded by Captain Yarrington."
Oswestry: This Church, which stood without the Walls, was held as an outpost by both sides when they had com- mand of the Town in turn, and was so damaged that on Jan. 3, 1635-6, it was reported to the Justices that it must be rebuilt, the estimated cost " being £700 at least." In 1O58 briefs were granted by letters patent from Oliver, Lord Protector, " towards the rebuilding of the Church of Oswestree which in the late warrs was demolisht, and layd even with the ground," the inhabi- tants being without " a meeting place for the publique worship of God."
Shrawardine : " Shrawardine Castle was made a Garrison for the King, Sept. 28, 1644. While the Garrison continued the Church and Chancell were puld downe for the safetye (as it was pretended) of the said Garrison. The Chan- cel was thrown down on St. Matthias day, Eeb. 24, 1644- 5, the Church was puld down on Whitsunday Eve, June 8, 1645. The Church was rebuilt by a Voluntarye Col- lection through the countne in the year 1649. Al the meanwhile the parish assembled for the public worship of God in the Castle stable." (Register).
Shrewsbury, Holy Cross: 164O. Dec. 2. Order made by the Committee of the Town and County of Salop for a survey of the breaches and damage done to the Abbey Church by order of this Committee for the better secur- ity of the Garrison, and that sufficient timber be allowed at the cost of the State for the repair.
276 ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OF SHROPSHIRE.
The Churchwardens' Accounts say: — 1O49. Paid Thomas Landlord for pullinge downe stone out of the old Abbey and carryeinge into the Church and makinge up of two breaches one in the North side- of the Church and the other at the East
end t £10 is. od
Rec'1 for old eorste that was taken out of the breaches
in the North side of the Church 3s. od.
Stokesay : The Church destroyed in the Civil War was re- built in 1054, the chancel arch bearing an inscription to that effect.1
Tong : Richard Symonds writing of his journey through Tong on May 17, 1645, speaks of the windows being " much broken." The North side of the church is pitted with bullet marks, and one cannon shot, made no doubt when it was held as an outpost to the Castle. From 1645 to 1650 the Churchwardens' Accounts are full of entries of money spent " towards the Repairing of the Church."
Wellington : This Church was a Royal Garrison, and was taken by Col. Myttori 111 March, [643-4. ^ report was made at the Michaelmas Sessions of Shropshire in 165(3, that the building required looking to ; and a Committee was appointed to go into the question of who ought to repair it.
Wrockwardine : The Parliament troops occupied Wrockwar- dine Church in the autumn of 1645, in order to straighten the Royalists at High Ercall. This building was at- tacked by Sir William Vaughan, but he failed to force it, and withdrew. Having selected the Ministers and made arrangements for the repair of their Churches, the next thing was to consider how the former should be paid, and how small stipends should be increased. This was done by charges on the es- tates of sequestered loyalists, and the following extracts will
1 In this restoration a great deal of the old material was used. The inscrip- tion is :— An : Dom : 1654. This church was rehurlt by the pious oversight of George Powell, gent., and George Lambe, Churchwardens. This Arch was given By John Cheshire, joyner.
ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OF SHROPSHIRE. 277
tell the story of the treatment of Shropshire landowners and parishes : —
Account of Im pro pfiations purchased . . . . Published to the satisfaction of those whom it may concern. London, KlJcS, September .12)
23 December!, 1645. Humphrey Walcot, of Walcot, eo.
Salop, Esq., 1») settle £i6o per ami. ; viz., £46 per aim.
a piece for the maintenance' of four ministers m the
several! Chappels m the parish of Chin, 111 the said co. ;
for which he is to be allowed £ \ 17, and so his Fine o'i |7 is reduc ed to I, 5 GO. 30 (ulii, 1646. Sir Henry Anderson, 6 i Penley, co. Hertford,
Knt., to settle1 £25 per aim. for ever upon the minister
of Bitterley 111 the co. of Salop, and his Fine remains
£21 10
1 Oct., 1646. Sir Richard Leveson, of Trentham, co. Stafford, Knt., to settle £380 per ann. for ever ; £50 per ann. upon the minister of Sheriffs Hall ; £80 per ann. upon the minister of Li lie shall ; £10 per ann. upon the minister of Shawbury, and £10 per ann. upon the minis- ter of Clareley, in the co. of Salop ; and the remainder to bee setled upon such places as this Committee shall appoint ; for which hee is allowed £3,846, and so his fine of £9,846 is reduced to £6,000.
3 December, 1646. Sir Vincent Corbet, of Moreton Corbet, co. Salop, Knt., to settle ^80 per ann. upon the Church of Linslade for ever ; for which he is allowed £800, and so his fine of £2,822 is reduced to £2,022.
8 December, 1646. George Penruddock, of Broad-chalke, co. Wilts, Esqre., to settle £40 per ann. for ever upon the Church of Great Wenlock in the co. of Salop.
7 January, 1646-7. Edward Kinaston, of Oatley, co. Salop, Esq., to settle £50 per ann. upon the Chappel of Duddtafcoii for ever, for which he is allowed £500, and so his fine of £2,000 is reduced to £1,500.
21 January, 1 04O-7. Sir Henry Frederick Thynne, of Caurse Castle, co. Salop, Knt., to settle impropriate tythes equivalent to £200 upon such places as the Parliament
1 Brit. Museum E, ; yiven by Shaw, ii., p. 477.
278 ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OF SHROPSHIRE.
shall appoint ; for which he is to be allowed £2,000, and so his fine of £7,160 to be reduced to £5,160.
23 January, 1646-7. Sir Richard Newport, of High Ercall in the Co. of Salop, Knt., to settle £173 1 8s. 8d. per ann. for ever upon the several places where the Tithes arise [i.e., High Ercall, Wroxeter,,and Uppington] ; for which there is allowed £ 1,739 6s. 8d. out of the Fine of £10,000 imposed on the said Sir Richard Newport, and Francis Newport, his son and heir apparent.
18 March, 1646-7. Thomas Owen, of Shrewsbury, co. Salop, Esq., and Edward Owen his son, to settle £30 per ann. for ever upon the Church where the Tythes he [i.e., the Abbey Church, Shrewsbury] ; for which the whole fine of £294 is remitted.
7 July, 1647. Timothy Tourneur, of Bould, co. Salop, Esq., to settle £22 per ann. upon the Vicar of S. Almonds for ever, for which he is allowed £308, and so his Fine of £1,000 is reduced to £092.
28 Feb., 1647-8. Francis Watson [of Church Aston, co. Salop, and] of London, merchant taylor, to settle £56 per ann. upon the Church of Great Dawley in the co. of Salop, for which his whole Fine of £523 13s. 4d. is re- mitted.
In addition to this purchase of Impropriations, which would only help a few of the poor parishes, on 30th April, 1649, an Act was passed authorising the sale of all lands formerly be- longing to Deans and Chapters of Cathedrals, and from the sum so gained the following grants were made to Shropshire Incumbents1 : —
Francis Barney, minister of Worfield, | year to
1O49, Sept. 29 ... 5 10 o
More to him for Gilbert Walden, his assistant
(same time) ... ... ... ... ... 20 o o
Richard Sadler, minister of Whixall, 111 the parish
of Prees (same time) ... ... ... ... 10 o o
Edward James, minister of Long Stanton (same
time) 13 00
Francis Wright, minister of Wellington, 1 year to
to 1649, Nov. 11 ... ... ... ... 13 6 8
1 Shaw, u., j). 542.
ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OF SHROPSHIRE. 279
Samuel Baldwin, Esq™., for the use of the minister
of Didlebury, \ year, 1649, to Sept. 29 ... 15 6 8 William Hill, Esq™, for the use of the ministers of
the Chapels of Nash and Burraston (same time) 413 4
Ministers, Churches, and Stipends having been all ar- ranged, the parishes themselves were ne^t thought of. An Ordinance of 6 June, 1640, appointed Commissioners to pro- ceed into every county to make a Church Survey, or Parochial Inquisition, for the purpose of a statistical abstract of parishes and churches for the whole kingdom. They were to discover the number of churches, parsonages, chapels of ease, &e., their yearly value, the names of the Incumbents, and the advisability of a rearrangement of parishes, by making chapels of ease into parish churches to suit the con- venience of the inhabitants generally. Official copies of most of the returns are preserved at Lambeth (M.SS., 902-22), but there is no Survey of Shropshire among them. There is a record at Lambeth that several were sent down to the localities interested, which accounts for the absence of many from that Library. But it seems unlikely that the Shropshire one would be thus dealt with, as it would belong to three different dioceses. Very possibly it was never made.
The Act for the better Propagation and Preaching of the Gospel in Wales and redress of some G rievances, is dated 22 February, 1649-50. Among the Commissioners author- ised by it to proceed against Malignant Clergy were Humphry Mackworth, Esqre., of Betton, and Leighton Owen, Esqre., of Bragington. Among the Divines to grant certificates of approval for preaching the Gospel in any of the Northern Counties of Wales were Oliver Thomas, of Oswestry, Stephen Lewis, of Baschurch, Rowland Nevet, of Stanton-on- -Mine Heath, and Vavasour Powell, formerly curate of Chin, after- wards the famous Anabaptist and opponent of Cromwell.1 Calamy thus describes their proceedings : " 'Tis well known that they who had the ascendant in Wales between 1650 and i6()0, made it their endeavour to bring 111 an Illiter- ate Ministry. The-)- at once put down all the parish ministers
1 And of Richard Baxter also, for he says: " Vavasor Powel wrote a<jaint>t me a Pamphlet so full of Untruths and Spleen and so little pertinent to the cause as that I never met with a man that called for an answer to it."
280
ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OF SHROPSHIRE.
of Wales and set up a few itinerant preachers in their stead, who were for number incompetent for so great a charge, there being but one to many of those wide parishes, so that the people had a sermon but once in many weeks. And this is the plight which the Anabaptists and other sectaries would have brought the whole land to. And all this was with this design that they must be made Christians and Churches in the way of the Anabaptists and Separatists."1 A Presentment of the Grand Jury of Montgomeryshire in 1652, complained that the Itinerants were " illiterate poor tradesmen," and that in their county " there were forty-seven parishes left vacant upon the Lord's Da}'," which meant nearly every parish in it.
But now came a great change, the Independents or " Sec- taries " having established themselves in supreme authority.
On or before March 23, 1(549-50, the Engagement to be faithful to the Republic was demanded from all beneficed clergy and public functionaries, and met with thousands of refusals.'- " Many episcopal divines," says Calamy,3 " wrote for the Engagement and pleaded for taking it. The moder- ate Church Party, and the Presbyterians refused it." Pas- sive Obedience, or Non resistance, was a High Church tenet,4 hence this advocacy on the p;irt pi some Churchmen, who held with Bishop Latimer that "subjects may not resist Magistrates."
Shropshire seems to have taken up a position of strong opposition. For we read in Whitelocke's Memorials of Engl ish A [fairs : —
March 4, 1649-50. Letters from Shrewsbury that the Ministers preach much against the present Government and to encourage the people to sedition and to rise for their King.
Col. Mytton, Governor of Shrewsbury, disliking the proceed- ings against the King, " laide downe his commission,"5 and the following Ministers were ejected for refusing the En- gagement ; and no doubt others also.
1 Calamy, Abridgement of Life of Baxter, i., p. 68; Preface to Brief Account, p. xv.
'-' Green, History of the English People, p. 556. 3 Abridgement, i., pp. 62-3. 'Green, p. 4O5. 0 Gough, p. 177.
ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OF SHROPSHIRE. 281
Astley, and Hadnall : Joshua Barnet had settled in two little parishes near Shrewsbury called Ashley and Hadnall, and there he remained for some time. Hut upon the coming out of the Engagement, which lie could not take, he quitted both those places. (Calamy).
Greet: John Tyler, Rector [app. 1 April,. 1609] was seques- tered in the year 1652, and had at that time been forty years Incumbent of this living. He was succeeded by an unordained person. (Walker).
Great Bolas : Isaac Martin, Rector [app. 17 March, 1627], though he had signed the Testimony of 1648, was " turned out, and succeeded by one Bury, a Taylor." On (> May, 165 1, Martin was accused of being idle in his ministry, railing against the Puritans, &c. Also that when the wars began he preached against the Parliament and encouraged the people to adhere to Prince Rupert. " These charges had been neglected by the late County Committee,"1 but the present one ordered his estate to be seized, despite his assertion that out of £100 per ann. he had paid Major General Middleton, and Col. Mytton £$0 for the Parliament, and had never acted against it.
Longford : Richard Fowler, Rector, also Vicar of Sutton Maddock, though he had signed in 1648, was sequestered. " He was both of a good and loyal family." (Walker).
Mont ford : John Soothill, Minister, though he too had signed in 1648, was soon afterwards ejected. " He was a great sufferer for his loyalty. After his death some of his family were at length necessitated to beg relief from the Corporation for Ministered widows." His successor did not long enjoy his place ; for, " 1652, 10 Junii, Mr. Richard Morris, minister of M on ford, by a fall from his Horse, dyed sudenly and was bur.' 111 Chin where ye
1 An Ordinance of Parliament of 20 May, 16.}. j, " for the better execution of the ordinances lor Sequestrations of Delinquents and PapiHts' estates," after reciting that the former ordinances have not been put into such effectual execution as was expected, enacts among other tilings that "active, able, trusty men who will diligently attend this service, shall be added to all Committees of Sequestrations wheic there is cause, and that the Committees of Accompts ol the Kingdome shall fiom time to time present the names of such persons to both Houses of Parliament." Probably in virtue ol this, the Shropshire Committee w.is altered, though the additional names do not bcem to have been preserved.
Vol. VI 1., 3rd Series. "II
282 ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OE SHROPSHIRE.
mischance happened." (Mont ford Register, Mytton MS.).
Pontesbury 3rd: Ralph Morhall, appointed 18 Aug., 1645, in place of the sequestered Samuel Greaves, was him- self ejected in 1650, and succeeded by Andrew Warter. (Morhall had been appointed to Condover 12 May, 1640). Shrewsbury, St. Alkmurid'si Thomas Blake, "Minister of Alkmands," who had succeeded the ejected Thomas Goode in 1645, and had signed in 1648, was " turned out for not taking the Engagement against the King and House of Lords."1 (Calamy). Shrewsbury, St. Mary's : Samuel Fisher, who succeeded the ejected Nicholas Prowde in 1,045, was " turned out with Mr. Blake."1 (Calamy). Sutton-Maddock : See Longford.
Andrew Barnet, afterwards at Rodington, and brother of the Vicar of Astley, was turned out of his Cheshire living for a like refusal. Their father, Humphry Barnet, had been Vicar of Uppington, and was known for his " sedulous preaching and sober pious life." When Archbishop Laud re-issued the Book of Sports, instead of reading it, Humphry Barnet preached against it, was in consequence cited to ap- pear before the Bishop of Lichfield, and was forced to retire out of that Diocese into Lancashire, where he died.
Owing to the abolition of Presbyterian Classes, a state of chaos and Ecclesiastical anarchy spread over all Church government. A voluntary unsectarian association to obviate this condition of affairs, formed by Richard Baxter, when at Kidderminster,2 included John Nott, Teacher at Sheriff Hales, Andrew Tristram, Minister of Bridgnorth, and Thomas
1 When Shrewsbury was visited with the pi ague, the two chiefe and ablest Ministers in Shrewsbury, viz., Mr. Thomas Blake, Minister of St. Chad's [should be St. Alkmund's, Thomas Paget was at St. Chad's] and Mr. Fisher of St. Mary's removed to Myddle and dwelt both in Mr. Gittins' house at the higher wall ; they preached often at Myddle. Mr. Fisher was a man of myddle stature, and age, and fatt plump body, a round visage and black haire. Mr. Blake was a tall spare man, his haire sandy browne ; he was somewhat aged, a moderate, sober, grave pious man ; he wrote a learned treatise of the Covenants, wherein he took some modest exceptions against some things mentioned by Mr. Baxter in his book of Covenants. (Cough, p. 17S).
2 Rciiqulte^ ii., pp. 146 9.
ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OF SHROPSHIRE. 283
Good, Minister of Coreley.1 It was formed sometime before May, 1653, for the purpose of promoting unity and good understanding among ministers, whether Presbyterian or In- dependent, and for I he1 two practical works of Ordination .ind Sacramental Administration. " The old dividing prin- ciples and prepossessions were shelved', and the ministers met on the common ground ol those things only which concern us in our ministerial function for the discharge of our duty." It was agreed th.it four of the abler ministers, 111 which number were Andrew Tristram, and Henry Oasland oi Bewdley (whoiil the parishioners oi 1 llleshall in vain tried to get lor their pastor), should often voluntarily he lp " weak preachers." And the Londoners of the count)- of Worcester having given £30, that their sermons should be called Londoners' Lectures, a name which avoided all offence.2
In 1653 Marriages before Justices were ordered, and Francis Tallents, once Vicar of St. Mary's, Shrewsbury, tells how he and others who disliked the Act, managed to evade it. The Act ordered that all persons to be married should come before some Justice of the Peace, that the man and woman should pronounce the words before him, and lie pronounce them lawfully married. " Thus," says Mr. Tallents 111 a letter to Calamy, " I and others have married many before a Jus- tice, he saying nothing but only declared the marriage valid."
Official Registrars were also appointed by the Act to take charge of the Parish Registers and be responsible for making the entries. The parishes seem to have made various choices, e.g., the Donington Register has an entry: —
The ix day oi October, 1053, the; parrishioners of Donington by public consent did make request of John Chapman their Minister to bee their Register, to record the byrths of Children, and marriges and bunalls.
At Newport Thomas Poole, Parish Clerk, was elected by the parishioners to " be Register for the said Parish for the
1 " Sept. 20, 1653, Dr. Warmestry (afterwards Dean of Worcester), and Dr. Thomas Good (afterwards Prebend of Hereford), were willing to have a confer- ence witti us in order to brim; in the Kpiscopal Party in Shropshire (where they then lived) to our association. Accordingly we met with them at Cleobury in Shropshire." [Jtclit/uue, p. 149).
- Maxtor u.^cd himself to lecture at Shifnal, Cleobury Mortimer, and other places in .Shropshire. His lirbt curacy was at St. Leonard's, Bridgnorth, where he otticiated 1639-40, and then removed to Kidderminster.
284 ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OF SHROPSHIRE.
space of three years next ensueing, According to the forme of the Late Act of Parliament, for marriages, &c, this 29 day of September, 1053." At Ash ford Carbonell, Abraham Howell, schoolmaster, was selected for this duty, on Oct. 10, 1653.
On Aug. 22, 1O54, an ordinance was passed for ejecting " scandalous, ignorant, and insufficient or negligent ministers and schoolmasters." For Shropshire twenty ministers " as- sistant " to the Commissioners, and twenty-one Commis- sioners were appointed.
The " Ministers Assistant " were the following, all Inde- pendents and in favour of Toleration : — x Mr. Thomas Paget [St. Chad's, Salop.]
Mr. Francis Tallents [St. Mary's, Salop.] *Mr. [Richard] Heath [St. Alkmund's, Salop.] *"Mr. James Smith [Upton Magna.] *Mr. Samuel Smith [Cound.J
Mr. Thomas Gilbert [Edgmond.] *Mr. Francis Boughey [Hodnet.| *Mr. Thomas Porter [Whitchurch.] *Mr. Samuel Hildersham [West Felton.] *Mr. Andrew Parsons [Wem.]
Mr. Samuel Campion [Stoke on Tern.] Rowland Nevet [Oswestry.] *Mr. Samuel Barkley [Clungunford.] *Mr. George Barkley [Mamstone.|
Mr. John Sadler [? Richard Sadler of Whixall.] *Mr. Thomas Fraysel [Clun. |
Mr. [John] Bryan [Holy Cross, Salop.)
Mr. I Thomas I Wright, of Preston in the Wihnores. *Mr. Francis Wright [Wellington.] *Mr. George Lawson of the Moore.
The 21 Commissioners were: — xllumphry Mackworth, tesqre. [of Betton. | *John Corbet, Esq. [of Aulston ] *Creswel Taylor, Esq. [of Bolas. |
Thomas Mackworth. ^Thomas Baker [of Sweeney.]1
Those marked * had been members of the Shropshire Presbyterian Classes.
1 Thorn. ts baker was a great patron and benefactor to all independent preachers, such as Vavasor Powell. I have heard him pray and preach four fiouts together in the dining rojm at Sweeney, where many came to hear him. (Gough, p. oS).
ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OF SHROPSHIRE. 285
^Robert Corbet [of Stanwardine]. Roger Evans. ^Lancelot Lee [of Alveley.J *Thomas Kefilby [of Bitterley.] *Samuel More [of Lindley.] *Thomas Hunt. "^Rowland Hunt.
*Charles Lang ford [of Shiptdn Castle.] *Edward Cresset [of Cotes.]
John Dovvnes, Esq.
( apt. Richard Smith [of Great Ness. | * J ohn Asliton, Gent. |oi Ludlow. |
William Bottcrcl, Gent.
Ricliard Cheshire, Alderman of Shrewsbury.
Richard Henage, Gent. *Richard Pigot, of Shrewsbury [School], gent.
Of their proceedings no account seems to have been pre- served ; the following Shropshire Clergy, however, were dealt with by them:1—
Bobbington : Richard Piper, Vicar, was not sequestered till the year 1O55.
Donington : " John Chapman, the sonn of John Chapman, succeeded his father in the Rectory of Donington, 1007. George Ryves was an Intruder into the Rectory for fower years, being crammed in by Major Edmund Waring and others of that prevailing faction of the then ruling Parliament, but he quitted the Rectory upon the Restauration of King Charles the 2nd. John Chapman being ejected was to have been possessed of his Rectory again, but dyed December 2nd, and then succeeded him Mr. John Fisher, anno 10O0." (Donington Register).
High Ercall : Humphrey Browne succeeded the ejected Matthew Fowler in this living in 1O4O, but was " himself also soon after turned out," and Richard Hopkins got possession of it 111 1054.
Moreton Corbet : William Gower, who had succeeded the ejected Thomas Cloeburn in 1044, and had signed the testimony in 1048, was " an idle sottish fellow whom the Parish soon after Articled against and got him turned out." The Register says: "Most p'te oi ye war time
286 ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OF SHROPSHIRE.
theyr was a uzcrper in ye place, one parson Gower, put in by Traytors and Rebbells." Stanton upon Tline Heath : Thomas Orpe, appointed to suc- ceed Rowland Nevet in [650, "was permitted to enjoy his living for two or three years; then his old adversaries had a seasonable opportunity of renewing his troubles." Thomas Gilbert, Rector of Edgmond, sent for him and endeavoured to persuade him to take the Engagement But Mr. Orpe entirely rejected his proposals, and was therefore ejected. Albrighton by Shifnal may have also lost its vicar, William Fletcher [a pp. H> Jul)', 1032]. For in the Register is this note ; 1 660, For the time of three years and up- wards names were through ye want of a Minister omitted to be recorded," and it is a blank between Sept. 24, J 653, and March 2;, 1660. On "Oct. 25, 1655, Thursday, by order of the Lord Pro- tector and his Council, Major Generals are appointed in each county, to whom all and every person within the respective counties who have borne arms against the Commonwealth are to give security for the peaceable behaviour of themselves." Shropshire was put under the command of Colonel Berry, " once Clerk in the Ironworks, Richard Baxter's friend."1 The Act prohibited under Heavy penalties any preacher, schoolmaster, or fellow of a college who had at any time aided the Royal cause, and had in consequence been ejected from his office from ever hereafter discharging similar duties. Under it William Iliggins, late of Stoke on Tern, was silenced not only from preaching but also from teaching school ; Ambrose Phillips, late of Westbury, was denied the liberty of a private school ; and Thomas Chaloner, late of Shrews- bury School, also suffered.2
On Nov. 13, 1O55, the Trustees for Providing Maintenance for Preaching Ministers reported that they had augmented the incomes of the following, resident in Salop3: —
1 Carlyle, Cromwell, ii., p. 278.
- " Many of them were denied to make use of any such plank or rafter which might serve to buoy them up from utter sinking and starving, though it were but teaching school in a belfry. ' (Gauden, (formerly Puritan Chaplain to " fanatic Brook,"' killed al the siege of Lichfield Cathedral), in his Ecclcsia? Anglicaiui' Suspiriat pub. in 1659).
3 Shaw, ii., p. 51 1.
ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OE SHROPSHIRE.
287
£ s, d.
/To the minister of Bridgenorth. . . 60 o o app. ] To the minister of Clareley ... 30 0 o 1.9 March, j To the minister of Newport ... 45 o o
VJo the Minister of Ludlow ...3° 0 0 The Accounts of the Treasurer to, the Trustees for
|
ministers' maintenance for the Annual Tenths, for the |
ye |
ar |
|
|
25 Dec, 1056, to 25 Dec, 1050, include- — |
|||
|
Andrew I ristram, of Bridgenorth (0 months to |
|||
|
1659, March 25s) |
3° |
0 |
0 |
|
John Bryan of Abby Forgate in Shrewsbury (same) |
20 |
c ) |
i > |
|
Zachary Maine of Julians in Shrewsbury (same)... |
0 |
0 |
|
|
Francis Wright of Wellington (1 year to 1659, |
|||
|
March 26) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Richard Iiabberley of Longstanton (6 months to |
|||
|
1659, March 25) |
9 |
0 |
0 |
|
Joshua Barnet of Wrothardine alias Rockardine |
|||
|
(1 year to 1658-9, Feb. 18) |
20 |
0 |
0 |
|
William Izard of Clarely (6 months to 1659, |
|||
|
March 25) |
15 |
0 |
0 |
From such churchwardens' accounts as are accessible it is plain that the ordinary course of parochial administration flowed on underneath and undisturbed by the usurpations of the times. Churchwardens were annually elected even in the years 1642-9, as well as in the years 1649-60. They assessed rates yearly at Easter, and then rendered their ac- counts. There is indeed no break in the records: in this matter of continuity the C hurchwardens' Accounts present a remarkable contrast to the parish registers of the period; 2 A Iberbury. The Register is a blank between April 8, 1645,
and Oct. 14, 1648. At brighten by Shifmtt. " Fof the time of 3 years together and upwards names were through ye want of a Minister (•nutted to ho recorded." (Register). Bridgnorth S. Mary Madga/ene. Very few entries 1645-9. Corelcy. Register blank between 1644-50 and a memoran- dum "Registering neglected a happy time." CI 11 u. The Register only begins in 165?.
1 Shaw, ii. , j>. 593. J Sliaw, ii., j). 254.
288 ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OF SHROPSHIRE.
Lydbnry. " 1643-7, These yeers being times of wars the Register was neglected." (Register."^
Longford. " Here wants a Register from ye year 1603 to 1654, yt is to say for 51 years, which cannot be found, supposed to be lost in our uncivil! wars or times of Re- bellion." (Register.)
Middle. "The Register was in the War time altogether neglected." (Gough, p. 22.)
M or don Corbet. " Most p'te of ye war time . . . few were registered." (Register).
AYsw, Great. " Frofai the of A prill 1640 there was no Register at all taken as can be found, in regard of the Warrs and troublesome times that then presently fol- lowed untill the first of May, 165 1." (Register.)
Rushbur y. No entries 1646-50.
Shraivardine. " The parsonage house with al edifices there- unto belonging was burnt for the safetye of the garrison, on Midsummer Eve 1645. In this fyring the Register book among many books of the Minister was burned." (Register).
Shrewsbury St. Mary's. There is a blank from the begin- ning of September 1642 to end of June 1643.
Shipton. " From the year of our Lord God 1644 to the year 1648 this Register book was taken out of Shipton Church and was not to be found, the chest wherein it was kept being broken up by soldiers." (Register).
Stoke say. In the Register after 1 ( >4 2 there4 are only two entries, one in 1652, the other in 1654, till 1660.
Whitchurch. "The 30 day of May 1643, Whitchurch was surprised & taken by Sir Will. Brewerton's forces. Non entered from May 1643 untill October 16)47." (Register).
W rockwardine. No entry for 1642, one for 1643,, and this memo. : " Whereas notes we. ire lost when Mr. Smyth wenl away wee can account c bul from fourty foure on ward." " The Register was discontinued lor some yeares by Mr. Smyth's deserting ye place in ye heate of ye civil wars."
Hut there have been preserved these Churchwardens' Ac- counts covering the same period, 1640-O2.1
1 Tukcn from Shropshire Parish Documents, issued by the County Council.
ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OF SHROPSHIRE.
289
Barrow 1629- 1782 Chirbury 1604-1783 Chin 1 620- 1 062 Condover r 634- 1 659 Cound 1 625- 1 067 Donington 1 629-1 811 Kenley 1 601 -1657 Ludlow 1 608-170 J
Episcopal Registrars having been abolished, no proper accounts were kept of appointments to livings. Among scattered notices I have conic across the following Shrop- shire references : -
These " Puritan Nominations " are given by Shaw, in his second vol.
1646, March 26. William Clarke to be instituted to Stock- ton in the Diocese of Coventry and Lichfield (Lord's Journal viii., 236.) [p. 326.]
1647, Sept. 28. Jo. Gough to Buckenhill, Salop. (L.J. ix., 452.) [p- 345-1
1647-8, March 1. Geo. Cud worth1 to Shenton, Salop. (L.J. x., 83.) [p. 352.I
1648, May 1. Mr. Smyth to Corindin,2 Salop. (L.J. x., 261.) [P- 356-1
1 64 8, June 5. James Cressett3 to Cond, Salop, void by the
death of Richard Wood. (L.J. x., 303.) [p. 357.] 1648, Nov. 10. Ro. Ely4 to Shrewsbury, Salop. L.J. x., 584.) [P-Jfe]
1 In Feb., 1646-7, a Mr. Cudworth resigned the Head-mastership of Market Drayton Grammar School, possibly the same who, a year afterwaids, was made Vicar of Sheimon,
- Corindin. Shaw in his Index says "Corindin, see Carradine. " Carradine is probably a variation of Wrockwardine, which appears also as Wrothardine, and Rockardine. On April 28, 1635, J anies Smith was appointud to Wrock- wardine, and, the Register says, " Deserted ye place in ye heate of ye Civil Wars." He was one of the Independent Assistant Commissioners in 1654, when he had removed to Upton Magna. This second nomination to Wrock- wardine was probably owing to his delinquency being condoned by the Parliament.
J J rines Cressett conformed in 1662, and was re appointed to Cound 8 July, 1G62.
4 Ro. Ely. His marriage is thus entered in the Register of Upton Magna : — The purpose oi marriage between Rob1 L'ley, clerke, and [illegible name] both of ye par' of Upton Magna in ye co. of Salop [illegible] been published 3 Sabbath dayes in ye publhpie meeting place called ye t. hurch, according to ye late Act ot l'arlt. for ye better regulating of Marriages, no exceptions being made against them they were mai'd together this -i1"1 day ol [illegible), A" 1650, in yc presence of & by Cresswcll Tayleur.
Vol. VII., 3rd Series. I I
Lydbury 1625- 1805 S. Julian's 1632- 1693 St. Mary's 1627-1703 Stockton 1508-1677 Tong 1630 1680 Uffegton 1 627- 1 693 Whitchurch 1630- 1 670
2Q0 ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OF SHROPSHIRE.
These are given in the Transactions (Series 3, vol. i., part and Series 3, vol. v., part iii.) : —
1647, July 26. Richard Payne to Great Ness.
1648, Sept. 11. Edward Lawrence to Baschurch.
1645, Aug. 18. Ralph Morrall to Pontesbury 3rd.
1646, June 6. Thomas Brompton to Hope Bowdler.
1648, Aug. 3. James Jcphcott1 to Oldbury, Bridgnorth.
1649, June 26. Thomas Gilbert to Edgmond.
These Clergy, nominated to Shropshire Livings during the Commonwealth, are found in Lambeth Library, vol. 947, entries 1, 42, 54 (there are no Shropshire Entries in the other Vols.) : —
John Corbett, of Grays Inne in the County of Middlesex, Esqre., to whom the presentation to the Parish Church of Worthen doth belong by the grant of Thomas Barrett of Sibborscott in the said County, to present Thomas Beard ( ?), Master of Arts in St. John's College in Oxford, to be In- cumbent : 25 March, 1659.
William Pierrepont, to whom the presentation to Quat belongs by the death of Edward Lobynton ( ?), late Incum- bent, nominates William Woolryche thereto [April] 23, 1659.
Richard, Lord Protector, appoints Moses Leigh, Clerk, to the Vicaridge of the Holy Cross within the Monastery of Salop, commonly called the Abbey Eoregate Church, by the cession of the last Incumbent there or howsoever void. By letters patent, dated 3 May, 1659.
On May 29, 1660, came an entire reversal of ecclesiastical affairs. Eor Charles II. returned to his kingdom, and no time was lost in attempting to come to some arrangement with regard to clerical matters. The Convention Parlia- ment, consisting mainly of Presbyterians with a few Cava- liers, hastened to enact that every living minister who had been ejected, might return to Ins cure, the then holder of it retiring in his favour. An exception was, however, made for all who had adopted Independent or Anabaptist opinions. A certain amount of power was also given to sequestered
1 James Jephcott was Head Master ot Bridgnorth Grammar School, anil probably held Oldbury with his mastership.
ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OF SHROPSHIRE. 20,1
patrons to get rid of incumbents appointed by Parliament or Committee, which was exercised in many instances. Sir Henry Vernon, e.g., in 1660, turned out from Hodnet Samuel Campion, an Independent appointed by the Committee of
■654.
The following list of those who resigned in 1660 is taken from Calamy,1 who writes: — "1 have had not a little help in my characters from Mr. Tallents for Shropshire,"2 and from Walker. The former unfortunately makes no distinc- tion between those who resigned at the Restoration in 1660, and those who were unable to con form 111 10O2. As a general rule it may be taken that those who were appointed in, or after, 1654 were Independents, and for them no compromise with Episcopacy was possible: —
Alvely [Alveley] : Mr. Lovel, " a retired and private, but very prudent and worthy man." (Calamy). " Formerly Schoolmaster at Waverlcy, having been supposed to be not only against the Parliament's cause, but for the prelates and Conformity." (Baxter). lie was a constant attendant at Baxter's Lectures at Kidderminster ; re- tired i0()O.
Berrington : Mr. Bote, here 1654-60.
Chetton : William Baggeley, a mere layman, who had been appointed on the death of John Spilsbury 111 1 654, gave place to the ejected Rector, George Benson, who sued him for, and recovered £&o for unpaid Fifths.
Cleobury North : John Smallnian outlived the Usurpation and was restored to his Rectory. Charles Humphreys, appointed 1653, was "an holy, active, hopeful young man," who, in 1660, retired to London, and was ap- pointed Lecturer at St. John Zachary.
Cressagc : Samuel Smith, formerly Minister of Prittlewel, Essex, signed as Pastor of Cound in 1648, in which year he was appointed to Cressage. Leaving in 16O0, he obtained the living of Sandon in his native county, from which he retired in 1 662. Died at Dudley and was buried in the chancel of the church.
1 Calamy, Abridgement, ii., pp. 546-573 (edit. 1713); and Continuation of Account of Ministers ii., pp. 722 — 30 (ed. 1727.) ' Calamy, Abridgement, 'i-, p. xxiv. preface.
ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OF SHROPSHIRE.
Culmington : " One Madox purchased this living for a year's value irom one Horn, but quitted it on news of the King's return."
Dawley Magna: Mr, Rowly retired in 1660.
Donington : George Reeves quitted tins Rector)' upon the Restoration for the old Rector, John Chapman.
Edgmond : Thomas Gilbert [appointed 20 Juno, 1649], re- tired in 10(h), ,uk1 was appointed t*> \\ mchendon, bucks. He was born at Prccs, ami educated at St. Edmund Hall, Oxford ; (b.A. 1623) ; was appointed to Looze, Kent, 18 April. 1043, in place of a sequestered Vicar ; was Vicar of St. Lawrence, Reading, 1O47-50 , oj Edgmond, 1649-60 ; Chaplain of Magdalen Coll., Oxon, 1656-60. He was also Domestic Chaplain to Oliver Cromwell, and a man of great power and authority 111 Shropshire. He resigned Winchendon in 1002, owing to the Act of Uni- formity, and spent the latter part of his time at Oxford in private life. " He was an excellent scholar of extra- ordinary acuteness and conciseness of style, and a most scholastical head. He had all the Schoolmen at hib finger's ends, and what is a little unusual, took a great delight in poetry, and was a good Latin poet himself."
Halesowen : Edward Paston, ordained before the War by a Bishop, retired at the Restoration, but remained in Halesowen, living in great friendship with his moderate successor, and preaching sometimes for his brother, who conformed, in Kingswinford Church.
High Ercai : Richard Hopkins, a skinner or glover, suc- ceeded the ejected Humphrey Browne in 1054 ; but the old Rector, Matthew Fowler, survived the Usurpation and repossessed the living.
Highicy : Giles Rawlins lived to the Restoration and was reinstated.
Hodnet: In 1654 John Oldbourn, M.A., was presented to Llodnet, as successor to Francis Boughey, but Samuel Campion, late of Stoke upon Tern, was here in 1O5S. lie was M.A. of Magdalene Coll., Cambridge, " a learned, pleasant, friendly man, and a very good preacher. His parsonage house with books and goods was burnt 111 H)S<S, and he rebuilt them 111 1659; and yet in 1660 the patron, Sir Henry Vernon, turned him out."
ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OF SHROPSHIRE. 293
Hopcsay : One Stone, a trooper, surrendered this living to Richard Aunsham on his Majesty's return, but had by that time got money enough out of it to purchase him- self another in possession ©f which he died.
Ludlow : Richard Sadler, Lecturer, was born in Worcester, whence he went when young with his father into New England.1 After the wars he returned to England, and was ordained at Whixall Chapel, Ma)' 10, [648, and re- moved from thence to Ludlow. being tinned out upon the King's coming in, he spent the rest of his days in privacy at Whixall.
Oswestry: at the Restoration Rowland Nevet made way for the ejected Humphrey Wynne. He was born at llodnet in 1609, and educated at Shrewsbury and St. Edmund Hall, Oxon (B.A. 1634), and had been Vicar of Stanton on Hine Heath 1630-50 [app. 14 Oct., 1630].
Oswestry Grammar School : John Evans retired in favour of the ejected Edward Payne.
Peplow, or Weston under Red Castle : " One Bruce, a Lieu- tenant in the Parliament service, having married the daughter of the Intruder at Hodnet, was thereupon to lay by his carnal weapon and take up the sword of the Spirit, his father-in-law having ordained a small curacy in or belonging to the parish of Hodnet for him, gave him all the tythes of it." (Walker). "After 1OO0 lie preached only occasionally in and about London, having no settled place." (Calainy). He subsequently con- formed, as we learn from Philip Henry's Diary. 1OO0 1, Jan. 15. Mr. Bruce wrote to nice about ye Order lice had received prohibiting private Daycs and about his personal wants which arc1 pressing. !()(>! ( 2), Aug. 2\). Mr. Bruce after great professions and high expressions to ye contrary, 1 hear, is re ordayned, hath subscrib'd, and reads. 1 conceive want & Freinds were urgent with him.
Pontesbury 3rd : Andrew Warier retired for Ralph Morhall, but conformed.
1 For what was called " the New England way," cf. , (Jreen, /list of English People, p. 543, and Reliqiue Baxteriancr, i., p. 45. Its followers were rigid 1 ink' pendents.
294 ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OF SHROPSHIRE.
Prees : Aylmer Haughton retired in 1660 in favour of the ejected James Fleetwood, who, however, only held his old living for a few months, being appointed to Ainsley, co. Hereford, in October, and being succeeded at Prees by Christopher Comyns. Aylmer Haughton conformed subsequently.
Pulverbatch, Church : Robert Milward, appointed 1654, re- tired fur the old Rector, William Owen, 111 1 660, but afterwards conformed and was appointed to Doning- ton (?), a parish in Hereford diocese, 22 Aug., 1663.
Sherifihalcs: John Moretori, of Sydney Sussex Coll., Camb. (B.A. 1625), was app. 26 Feb., 1630 -1, and, though re- ported as bitter against the Parliament at the beginning of ihc war, seems not to have been interfered with. He was buried at Sheriffhales Dec. 9, 1 649, and was suc- ceeded by John Nott, Fellow of Trinity Coll., Camb., and son of Charles Nott, minister of Shelsey in Worces- tershire. When lie first came from the University he was assistant to Ambrose Sparry at Wolverhampton. Thence he removed to Sheriffhales; where he was minister r'2 years. After i(>0o he "preached publickly in a Chappel near I bully for 3 or 4 years while he was suffered." Lie was afterwards at Thame, Oxfordshire, where he died 28 Dec, 1702, aged 77. His successor at Sheriffhales was appointed in Dec, 1 661.
Shawbury : Mr. Worthington, who left Shawbury in 1660, was appointed to a living in Cheshire. He conformed in 1662.
Shrewsbury, Holy Cross : Moses Leigh [appointed 3 May, 1659] t° this living which he had previously held 1649- 50, and had resigned for Norton in Hales, had to leave in 1660, for James Logan, the old Vicar, ejected in Feb., 1644- 5 . He was, however, appointed to Berrington [30 Nov., 1660], and was re-appointed to Holy Cross, 167 1.
Sidbiiry : Ralph Hide lived to re-possess this living in 1 660.
Stanton Lacy : " One Major Sanders " succeeded the seques- tered Thomas Atkinson, who had died before the Re- storation, "but went ofl on the King's return."
Stanton upon lime Heath: Henry Cruchlow, after holding this living for about seven years, had to make way for the bid Vicar, Thomas Orpe, but gave the Under Sheriff
ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OF SHROPSHIRE.
the trouble of dispossessing him. The Shrawardine Register contains the entry : —
" 1672, Nov. 15. Mr. Henry Crichlow, of Edgerley, deceased in ye parish of Kinnerley, was buried in this parish church."
Stoke upon Tern : William Higgins returned, but only lived a few years after His Majesty's Restoration, John Adams, appointed in 1655, retiring and removing to Penlcy, where he stayed two years. Of him Calamy writes : " John Adams before the Wars had been a for- ward Conformist, and companion of some of the Gentry that were high flown. But he could not conform in K562."
Stottesdcn : Reginald Finlow resigned this sequestered living in l6()0, to the old incumbent, Thomas Annas, and took up fanning, preaching afterwards occasionally about the country.
Tong : Robert Hilton, appointed 1650, retired in December, 1660, though the old Vicar was dead.
Westbury : Ambrose Phillips " lived to be restored, but not without great opposition from the Party." George Berkeley, formerly of Mainstone, who had to resign for him, was made Vicar of Chetton.
Whitchurch : Thomas Porter, M.A., born in Northampton- shire, bred at Cambridge, was settled Minister of Hanmer, co. Flint, before the Wars [i.e., 15 March, 1624- 5], and was appointed Lecturer for the City of Chester 31 April, 1642. After the war was over (in the heat of which he was forced to withdraw to I .ondon, where he became Lecturer of St. Catherine's Creed Church, London, and was appointed a Tryer for the 8th London Classis, 9 Aug., 1O45), "removed to Whitchurch, where he continued an instrument of much good. He by his great prudence so managed the Ministers on that side of the count)' where a Presbytery was settled that he found no need for compulsory laws." On April 30, 1656, lie had a public dispute on Infant Baptism with a Mr. II.igg.ir, «in Anabaptist, in Lllesmere Church, the Moderator or Chairman being I' rancis I ailents, ol St. Mary's, Shrewsbury. " When the King came in he gave-
296 ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OF SHROPSHIRE.
way to Dr. Bernard, a worthy, moderate man."1 Nicholas Bernard, [app. 22 Dec., 1660], late Dean of Ardagh, Ire- land, died in 1 66 1 ; and Richard Heylin, son of the Vicar of Great Ness, and former Royal Chaplain to the Ludlow Garrison, succeeded 6 Feb., 1661-2.
Wistanstow : John Rusbatch, a^ Minister of the 5th Classis of 16.47, retired in 1660, and Thomas Good, of Coreley, ejected in 1644 from St. Alkmund's, Shrewsbury, was made Rector in his room.
Worth en : Laurence Seddon, "upon the return of the Cap- tivity, shared in the common blessings." In 1654 Edward Gyles was admitted to Worthen in place of James Betton, resigned. But on March 25, 1659, Thomas Beard, M.A., of St. John's Coll., Oxon, was appointed to tins living, so had soon to leave.
Calamy also refers to the following Chapels, or Chapel- ries2 : —
Aston Chapel : Titus Thomas, after leaving in 1660, applied himself to Physic. Subsequently was " Pastor of a Con- gregation at Salop, where he married a gentlewoman of very good circumstances that enabled him to be useful." Died Dec. 10, 1 63(5.
Moreton Chapel : Timothy Thomas, Minister of Moreton, brother of Titus Thomas of Aston, resigned in 1 660. " He was Chaplain to Mrs. Baker of Swiney and dyed in the neighbourhood, 1676." Calamy also mentions "Mr. Roberts of Morton Chapel" as conforming, and another list speaks of " Mr. Roberts of Sweeney."
Stanwardme : Calamy in his list of the Ljected or Silenced Ministers in the County of Salop, inserts " Mr. Hall of Stanwardine."
On 26 March, 1662, the clergy of the Diocese of Lichfield presented a sum of money to the King, for which they had
1 Fie had been Chaplain to Oliver, Lord Protector, and one of his Almoners and Ireacner to the lion. Society of Grey's Inn. (Cox, Alalia Bri/anmo' ed. 1720, [». 619.) ' : the incumbents of Chapelries were legally only Curates ; it is not therefore surprising that very many received notice -o leave in 1060, when Sequestered \ icars returned. The latter would naturally prefer their own nominees
ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OF SHROPSHIRE. 297
voluntarily taxed themselves. The total amount from the Archdeaconry was ^88 16s.1 Among the subscribers were : —
|
Robert Powell, Archdeacon of Salop |
20 |
0 |
0 pd. |
|
Sa. Hildershaiii, parson of West Felton ... |
5 |
0 |
0 pd. |
|
And. Parsons, pastor of Wem |
X |
0 |
0 not pd.2 |
|
Era. Tallents, curate of St. Marie's 111 Salop, |
2 |
I 0 |
0 pd. |
|
In nrvnn Piir;ifp of Si ( h;idd ^ 111 S;il(>ii 111. X-J 1 \ < 1 1 1 , V. LI I <1 L VJ l >Jl. llclUVl 0 111 cl 1 KJ I J . . . |
Q |
I 0 |
0 pd. |
|
I<*W" 1 li^ llll \71f^'AY l\f **-\ 1 /\ 1 1.' 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 f] C 111 S i 1 ill lX.lv,. 1 lC.ilLll, \ 1L.<11 K) 1 . Jl. . 1 II .11 1 III II 1 .3 111 kJCllWlJ |
] |
1 0 |
0 pd. |
|
William Sugar, curate of Hroughton ... |
CJ |
1 u |
0 pd. |
|
If 1 1 1 1 1 1 I I l'f^f^ t~ t'W 1 1 1 1 * f U'l 1 1 1 u Ul J \Jlili lldll, 1 ixiui () L 1 \ Ll^rillUlllJ ... ... |
2 J |
( \ |
O i^rl \J l JU . |
|
Thomas Orpe, vicar of Stanton ... |
0 |
10 |
0 pd. |
|
Gilbert Cole, curate of Condover ... |
0 |
10 |
0 pd. |
|
Edw. Fisher, vicar of Ah ham |
0 |
10 |
0 pd. |
|
Roherl Ellcc, \ icar of Shawbury ... |
0 |
0 pd. |
|
|
Ed. Morgan, curate of Uffington ... |
0 |
5 |
O pd. |
Soon, however, came the ill-advised Act of Uniformity ordering every minister on or before Aug. 24, 1G62, to de- clare his assent and consent to the whole of the Book of Common Prayer, and to abjure the Solemn League and Covenant.3 In Shropshire 16 found themselves unable to do this, and were in consequence compelled to resign their livings.
Baschurch : Edward Lawrence, born at Moston, co. Salop, an M.A. of Magdalene Coll., Cambridge, on leaving the University came to Baschurch [app. 11 Sept., 1648], small as to maintenance, though not as to work, and continued here till the Batholomew Act ejected him. George Hudson, his successor, was app. 26 Nov., 1 662. Lawrence was no admirer of Cromwell who, he said, " did more real prejudice to religion by his hypocrisy than King Charles II, who never pretended to it." His pre- decessor, Stephen Lewis, had left for Gwithelwerne, co. Merioneth.
1 Clerical Subsidy 20 — 586a in PVR.O It is interesting as showing the loyalty of some who could not conform in 1662.
- Andrew Larsons could not pay owing to his heavy fine — vide infra.
3 The Commissioner-; appointed to enforce this Act in Shropshire were the Bishop of Lichfield (John Hacket), Lord Newport of High hrcall, Sir W alter Lytileton and Sir Timothy Tourneur of Bold, Recorder of Shrewsbury.
Vol. VII., jrd Scries. KK
298 ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OF SHROPSHIRE.
Bolas : Edward Bury, born in Worcestershire (according to Walker, once a Taylor, but Calamy says educated at Oxford), " continued his labours at Great Bolas for many years. Being suspected of desiring the King's return, his house was searched, his goods plundered, and his life threatened and much endangered. When the King re- turned and the Act for Uniformity passed he felt it his duty not to conform." John Turner, his successor, was a pp. (; Oct., 1662.
Bridgnorth : Andrew Tristram, formerly Pastor of Clent, a member of Baxter's Voluntary Association, and one of the four Special Preachers of it, resigned in 1662, and became a Physician.
Chin : Thomas Froysell, " a divine of extraordinary worth for judgement, moderation, godliness, blameless living and excellent preaching was of Clare Hall 111 Cambridge, and was fixed at Gun [27 Sept., 1037]. The Civil War drove him to London, where he [was appointed to the sequestered Living of St. Margaret's, New Fish St., 17 March, 1642-3, and Lecturer of St. Dunstan's in the West 25 March, 1043, and) had a great auditory, and was used by God to do good to many. But he returned to his pour people at Chin and was highly prized by them, and indeed by all the country round." His predecessor had been a strong Puritan, Lrasmus Powell, whose curate was for a short time his nephew, Vavasor Powell. Froysell's successor was Joseph Jackson, app. 6 July, 1663.
Cockshutt Chapel : Francis Keeling, born at Coventry, and bred in Coventry School and Trinity ('oil, Cambridge, was. chaplain at Weston flail, Staffordshire, for two years after taking his degree. Was then ordained by the Presbytery at Whitchurch, and " became Minister of Cockshot Chapel which was then Parochial, and a con- siderable augmentation was procured him. He con- tinued at Cockshot till he was silenced with the rest in . 1662. lie Lived in Shropshire as long as his wife was suffered to keep young gentlewomen in her house in order to their education, and for some time he and Mr.
ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OF SHROPSHIRE. 299
Beresford preached alternately at the Thursday Lecture
, at Shrewsbury." Removed to Kingston on Thames, and died April 14, 1690.
Edstaston : Samuel Taylor, of Magdalene Coll., Camb., quitted this living in 1662, and retired to Wem, where he died 1695, aged 68.
Hadnall Chapel : Francis Wright, jun., since the Minister of Hadnall Ease was Curate to the Vicar of Middle, had to leave when Joshua Richardson resigned in 1662.
Kynnersley : Thomas Wright, resigned in 1662; he had signed the Testimony in 1648.
Middle : " The same power that displaced Mr. More, did in his stead place in Middle Mr. Joshua Richardson, M.A., son of Joshua Richardson of Broughton, upon condition that he would allow the tythes of Hadnall Ease or pay a salary much what was equivalent to the value thereof to a preaching minister to be constantly resident in Had- nall Ease. This Mr. Richardson was an able and laborious minister. His whole employment was about the concerns of his ministry. When the Act of Uni- formity came out, Mr. Richardson, ret using to subscribe the declaration inserted 111 the /Vet concerning the Solemn League and Covenant, lost his place, and with him fell the Minister of Hadnall Ease. He would will- ingly have conformed to the discipline and constitution of the Church of England, but he could not with safe conscience subscribe to the declaration against the Cove- nant."1 He had been Vicar of the Abbey, Shrewsbury, 1645-7, and had been imprisoned in London in the time of the War by the Parliament. His successor was William Holloway [app. 2 Feb., 1662-3], formerly Rector of North Chenton, Somerset, who had been when there " seized on 111 the time of sermpn by some fellows who presented their pistols at him, and carried him away be- fore the Committee." (Walker).
Newport : " 1662, August : — Honest Mr, Maiden forced from ins Ministry for Nonconformity this month, the 24th
1 Gough, pp. 18, 19.
>00 ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OF SHROPSHIRE.
day." (Register). John Maiden had been Minister of Cheswardine before his appointment to Newport.
Rodington : Andrew Barnet, brother of Joshua Barnet of Wrockwardine, had been turned out of Church-holme in Cheshire for not taking the Engagement, but was Public Preacher of Rodington when silenced in 1 662. His great skill in Physic made him the more valued by the neighbouring gentry.
Shrewsbury, St. Alkmund : Richard Heath, succeeded the ejected Richard Awnsham at Hopesay, but was promoted to St. Alkmund's in 1650 when Thomas Blake refused the Engagement. He was of Christ's College, Cam- bridge, and a good oriental scholar, revising the Syriac and Arabic portions of Bishop Walton's Polyglot Bible. At the persuasion of the Bishop he continued a few Lord's days after Aug. 2_j, 1662, reading the Liturgy, but was soon silenced because he did not come up to the imposed terms of Conformity. Calamy describes him as " an ancient grave minister, mode rate, sedate, quiet and religious." Richard Beeston, his successor, was app. 17 Oct., 1662.
Shrewsbury, St. Chad's : John Bryan not long after leaving Cambridge was Domestic Chaplain to the Earl of Stam ford, and Lecturer at Louthborough. Then he became Minister of Diddlebury m Shropshire, in place of the sequestered Thomas Habberley. In the beginning of 1652 he had a cull to the Abbey parish, Shrewsbury, where he had many friend's that valued his labours, and St. Chad's being vacant he, through the earnest desire of the parish, moved thither, where he continued till Aug. 24, 1662. In 1655 the parishioners of St. Julian's agreed that John Bryan should be their minister as well as holding the Abbey, and " exercise in preaching two sermons 111 a month and to have the present proffits that belongeth to the Minister." In 1657 the Churchwardens " paid Mr. John Bryan, mmester, for preaching severall sermons in our p'ish in 1655 and 1056 by agreement of the p'ishioners £17 3s. od." (Church Wardens' Accounts). Shrewsbury, St. Mary's: Francis Tallents had been Senior
ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OF SHROPSHIRE. 30I
Fellow, President, and Tutor of Magdalene Coll., Cam- bridge, and was ordained in London Nov. 29, 1648, at the age of 29. He was a Preacher at Lichfield Cathedral in June, 1649, and was appointed to St. Mary's Jan. 4, 1652-3. At the Restoration in 1660, "he with the rest of his Brethren were nut a little pleased and made some advances towards a compliance in Ecclesiastical matters, but when he saw how tilings were fixed in 1662, he could not come into the Church, hut was necessitated to quit his place. Afterwards, for the most part he attended the public ministry and liturgy morning and evening." In 1O70-3 lie acted as travelling Tutor ; 111 1673-85 he preached at Shrewsbury with Mr. John Bryan ; 1685-7 resided in London ; finally 111 1O91 he, with Mr. Bryan, founded the High Street, Shrewsbury, Presbyterian Church. lie died April 11, 1708, 111 his 89th year, and was buried in St. Mary's, Shrewsbury. Robert Fowler, of Harley, was appointed as his successor, 1662.
Shrewsbury School : Richard Pigott, a layman, and one of the Tryers of 1 654, was ejected 1 Sept., 1062, and Thomas Chaloner returned to his " old province."
Wem : Andrew Parsons, born in Devonshire, was Minister there for some years before the Civil War broke out. Being driven thence to London, he became known to Mr. Pym, who sent him down to Wem, when that town was garrisoned for the Parliament. There he continued in the exercise of his Ministry till the year 1 660. At the latter end of this period he was brought into trouble on account of seditious words sworn against him which were these, " The devil was like a king that courted the soul and spoke fair till he was gotten into the throne and then played pranks." The witnesses deposed contrary to the co-haerence of his discourse that he said " the King was like the devil." He was tried on May 28, and 29, 1 66 1, fined £200, and ordered to be imprisoned till it was paid. Lie continued nearly three months in prison, till Lord Newport, without his knowledge, pro- cured the King's pardon for his fine. His living was presently sequestered by the Chancellor of Lichfield.
302 ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OF SHROPSHIRE
Andrew Parsons was a person of known loyalty. He ran several hazards of life and estate when King Charles II. passed with his army to Worcester, and he sent a horse and arms to the rising at Chester in his favour. (Calamy).
West Felton : Samuel Hildershara, B.D., was educated at Emmanuel Coll., Cambridge, was " ordained by an Irish Bishop, without subscription," and was appointed to West Felton 13 June, 162S. lie was nominated, 111 1643, to represent the Shropshire Pi vines in the Westminster Assembly, and in 1 654 was one of the Shropshire Triers. After enforcing the Act of 1643, he naturally could not obey that of 1662, and so retired to Aston, near Bir- mingham.
Wrockwardine : Joshua Barnet, brother of the Vicar of Rod- ington, " was ordained by Presbyters, and elected Lec- turer of Tockhouse in the parish of Blackburn, Lanca- shire. There he continued till the imposing of the Solemn League and Covenant, and not being satisfied to take it lie retired into Shropshire, his native county, where lie settled in two little parishes near Shrewsbury called Astley and Hadnall, and there he remained for some time. But upon the coming out of the Engage- ment, which he could not take any more than the Cove- nant, he quitted both those places and took Rockwardine by the advice and procurement of Esquire Stephens of Dottel. Here he continued till 1662, when he left it for his Nonconformity. One main thing he stuck at was re-ordination by a Bishop, which he could not submit to, being satisfied his former ordination by Presbyters was valid. He went every Lord's Day twice to High Ercal though two miles away from his house, and when he preached at noon would take all his congregation with him to church. Alter sour- tune he accepted the living of Warburton in Cheshire, which was exempt from Epis- copal Jurisdiction, where he was excused the use of the surplice, &c." Calamy also includes in his list: —
Mr. Quarrel, who " preached much in Wales, but only settled 111 Shropshire (i.e., at Oswestry], after 1662." Pos
ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OF SHROPSHIRE. 303
sibly a son of Mr. Quarrel, of Presteign, in Radnorshire, whose widow was a great friend of Vavasor Powell, (cf. Walker, i, p. 148).
Mr John Griffiths, of Shoeklach, co. Chester, "afterwards a Nonconforming Preacher in Shropshire." A "John Gri- ffiths, of Sleape, clericus," was buried at High Ercall in 1674.
Mr. Joseph Lea, a Candidate, who preached often about Whitchurch, and was silenced in 1662.
Of those who bad held livings in Shropshire, but had re- moved into other counties, and had to retire in 1000, or 1662, Calainy mentions: —
Joseph Sound, who had been app. Vicar of Eaton under Hey- ward 10 May, 1633, and was described as Minister of Shifnal in the Classis of 1647, was made Vicar of Swin- nerton, co. Stafford, from which Mr. Picker) had been ejected. In 16 |8 he signed the Testimony among the ministers of Staffordshire. " lie was an ancient divine of great learning, moderation, judgement, and calmness of spirit, and of a goodly upright life." He was born at Worfield, near Bridgnorth.
Gilbert Walden, appointed to Willey 28 Feb., 1638, who signed as Pastor of Bridgnorth in 1648, and in 1049 was Assistant to the Minister of Worfield, was appointed to Lemmgton Hastings as successor to a sequestered in- cumbent, for whom he was " outed " in 1660. He conformed, and obtained another living near Coventry, where he died.1
1 Gilbert Walden had previously, it seems, been at Claverly. For the following is a list of the Vicars given in the Register published by the Shropshire Register Society.
Gilbert Walden 1626-4'); Thomas Lawton 1646—55; William Izird 1656-63. But Walden's fust date seems hardly correct.
In the accounts of the Corporation of Bridgnorth is this entry ; —
164.4, May 23. Gilbert Walden the late publiq Preacher of the said Town is recesste and gon out of the said town and hath deserted his place ever sithence about a moneth before Easter last.
In consequence of this delinquency the Royalist Governor, Sir Lewis Kirke, and the Corporation appointed Mr. Thomas Laughton on the condition he should preach two ~undays at the High Church, and the third at the Low Church, as Mr. Walden did.
In 1647-S, Walden went to London to obtain letters patent for a collection throughout the country towards the rebuilding of Bridgnorth.
ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OF SHROPSHIRE.
Samuel Fisher, sometime of Upton Magna [app. 21 July, 1635], and afterwards of St. Mary's, Shrewsbury, then "p'sented to the benefice of I .illeshall by Coll. Macworth"1 (where he was 22 March, 1652-3), was afterwards Rector of Thornton of the Moor, Cheshire, " whence he was cast out and silenced. He^ was an ancient divine, an able preacher, and of a godly life." The war drove him from Shropshire to London, and on 23rd Jan., 1O42-3, St. Albans, Wood St., London, was sequestered from Dr. William Watts to Samuel Fisher, and he was here 24 Dec, 1 045.
Thomas Blake, of St. Alkmund's, was here from 1645 till his ejectment for not taking the Engagement, then he re- moved to West Hoadly, Sussex, where he was silenced in 1662.
The Mr. William Rock who was ejected from Materfield [May field], co. Stafford, may have been the same who signed as " Minister of Aston," in 1648.
Calamy also mentions a Mr. Philips as silenced in Shrop- shire in 1662. lie notes as well the following Shropshire men, who had been educated at Shrewsbury School: — Samuel Beresford, ejected from St. Werburgh's, Derby, who
retired to his old home at Shrewsbury. Daniel Evans, born at Monk Moor, and who, on leaving
Shrewsbury School, was a member of Jesus College,
Cambridge, and was silenced in 1662. George Fownes, M.A., of Cambridge, who resigned High
Wickham in 1660, and was afterwards an Anabaptist
Minister at Bristol, where he died Dec, 1685. He, in addition, quotes the following remarks of Mr. Tal- lents : — " Eighteen of those that were ejected in this county I of Salop I did afterwards conform ; and forty others never did. Thirteen were very poor and had wives and many chil- dren, as Laurence, Keeling, Parsons, Taylor, Zech. Thomas, Maiden, Bury, Joseph Barnet, Campion, Froysel, Humphrys,
1 Dugdale.
ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OF SHROPSHIRE. 305
Findlow, Sadler. Others were very poor, but had no charge. Others had a little, as Mr. Heath, Andrew Harriet, &C."1)
Calamy, however, does not give names corresponding in any way to these numbers, Tallent's 18 being far too few, and his 40 far too many, according to his record. But " a careful examination of Calamy 's list shows that fur all
statistical purposes it is worthless Unbiassed enquiry
would strike off from the celebrated catalogue of ' two thousand confessors ' no less than twelve hundred names."2 Those he mentions as conforming are Moses Leigh, of Shrewsbury ; Ayltncr ITaughfon.oi Prees ; George Berkeley, of West bury ; Andrew Warie r, of Pontesbury ; Robert Mil- ward, of Pulvcrbatch ; Roberts, of Moreton Chapel ; Worth - ington, of Shawbury ; and Thomas Porter, jun., of Tilstock.3 But he omits, e.g., James Cresset of Cound [app. 5 June, 1648], who conformed in 1662 (see Cound Register); Jonadab Birch, of Shifnal [app. 1648], who was reappointed 21 Feb., 1 661 -2 ; Robert Goodwin at Cleobury Mortimer, 1056-91 ; John Cooper at Habberley, 165371 ; Nehemiah Evance at Hanwood, 1654-98 ; Cornelius Evance at Melverley, 1654-64, then Rector of Westbury 2nd Portion, 1 00.} -72 ; James Smith at Upton Magna, 1054-84 ; George Arden at Stirchley, 1O58- 79 ; and many more whose names could be given.
Calamy also includes Henry Maurice, app. to Bromfield 20 March, 166 1, afterwards removing to Church Stretton. He resigned Bromfield owing to debt and fear of the plague some time subsequent to 1OO9, for his name is found in the Registers there as Vicar up to, and in, that year. And Zechariah Thomas, of Tilstock, who " was ordained after the King came in," as Curate to Dr. Bernard of Whitchurch
1 cf. Diaries of Philip Henry.
1662-3. Feb. 1. I sent ic/- lo Mr. Taylor of Wem, being ye iemaynder of what was in my hanch. of ye money given by Gen1 Venables, & Mr Golborn cf Chester, to Mr Keeling 20/- to Mr Laurence 20/.
1680. June 2. Ten pounds left to my dispose by Wil. Probyn of Wem, his last will for needy nin'* whereof Mr Hani. Taylor had £5. Mr Jos. Barnct £1, Mr. Fras. Keeling Mr Edw. Bury £1. Dr. George Long £.1. Mi John Maiden £1.
2 Curteis, Bampton Lectures, 1871, p. 68, note.
3 Tilstock was a Lhapelry of Whitchurch, and Thomas Porter, se resigned the latter in 1660. His son thereupon had to leave, but renounced his ordination from the Classis was re-ordained, and presented to Bunbury, in Cheshire.
306 ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OF SHROPSHIRE.
[app. 22 Dec, 1660], but had to leave in 1663, on the notice of a new Vicar. The following extracts from Philip Henry's Diaries tells his story : —
1661, Oct. 15. Upon ye evening of this day Dr. Bernard, Parson of Whitchurch, dyed, it seemes suddenly.
1662, April 2. I went with my dear wife to Whitch. : where I visited Dr. Heylin, now parson there.
1662-3, Feb- i- I went to Tilstock, where Mr. Thomas is
1663, April 10. Dr. Matthew Fowler came to bee Preacher at Whitch. : instead of Dr. Heylin, lik't better than hee was, if it hold. *
1663, April 2(). Mr. Thomas thrcatned at Tilstock by Dr. Fowler ; if hee should be remov'd 'twill bee ill not with that place only but wtb the neighbourhood also.
1663, May 3. Mr. Thomas took his farewel of Tilstock, great sadnes & many teares in ye Congreg.
1670, Sept. 14. This day my worthy friend, Mr. Zech. Thomas, fell asleep at Nantwich, whither hee return'd the week before from Shrews. : where hee had been some time in ye use of meanes in vayn. He dy'd of a Con- sumption, in ye 41 y. of his age.
Both Maurice and Z. Thomas were therefore willing to, and in fact did, conform to the Act of Uniformity of Aug. 24, 1662.
P. Flenry, it may be added, in a list of the Shropsh : Minrs. ~N onconf or mists dead since Aug. 2./, 1662 (which he gives under the date July 3, 1 68o), includes the name of " Mr. York." He had previously mentioned his death as follows : — " 1666, May : Mr. York dy'd in Shrewsb., a holy good man, & well approved in ye Ministry, who wasted his own candle in giving light to others, even whilst under ye Bushel."
I have, however, failed to discover his former parish.
Henry also writes : — " 1 661, Aug. 29. I was told of the death of Mr. Thomas of Shropsh., a Minister, kild by a Fall from off his Horse."
Lastly, Richard Baxter speaks of the Non-con formity of Mr. Swaine, once Head .Master of Bridgnorth Grammar School, and afterwards a Preacher in Radnorshire. (Reliquiae, iii, p. 98)
ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OF SHROPSHIRE. 307
But to end this long paper. The following lines, written by Mr. Francis Tallents, on the death of Rowland Nevet, in 1675, may form a fitting conclusion: —
Great Hildersham, and zealous Nevet go,
Kind Richardson, and reverend Porter too, Smith, Paston, Thomas, Adams, Humphreys, Bote, With famous Wright, and Froysel, men of note, Sadler, and learned holy humble Heath.1
1 Matthew Henry, Life of Philip Henry > p. 459.
308 ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OE SHROPSHIRE.
INDEX OF PARISHES.
Abdon, 268 Acton Burnell, 263 Acton Round, 265 Acton Scott, 254, 269 Adderley, 249, 253, 260, 266, 267, 271
Alberbury, 247, 263, 272, 287 Albrrghton (Shifnal), 265, 286, 287 Albrighton (Shrewsbury), 263 Alvelcy, 265, 291 Ashford Bowdler, 268 Ashford Carbonel, 268, 284 Astley, 281, 282, 302 Astley Abbots, 271 Aston Bottercll, 268 Aston Eyre, 254
Aston (by Oswestry), 272(F), 296, 304 (?)
Atcham, 263, 272, 273, 297
Badger, 265 Barrow, 265, 271, 289 Baschurch, 264, 265, 271, 279, 29c, 297
Battlefield, 259 Beckbury, 265 Bedstone, 269 Benthall, 274
Brrrington, 254, 261, 263, 291 Bettws, 269 Billingsley, 266, 271 Bishop's Castle, 249, 254, 255, 269, *73
Bitterley, 2^8, 277 Bobbington, 285
Bolas Magna, 266, 271, 274, 281, 298
Boraston, 279
Bridgnorth, 250, 265, 266, 272, 274,
282, 283, 287, 298, 303, 306 Bromfield, 268, 305 Broseley, 265, 270 Broughton, 247, 297 Bucknell, 248, 261, 269 Build was, 267 Burford, 268
Cainham, 255, 268 Cardington, 269 Cardiston, 263 Cheswardine, 266, 271, 300 Chetton, 255, 265, 266, 272, 291
Chetwynd, 255, 261, 267 Child's Ercall, 2t6 Chirbury, 250, 260, 289 Church Aston, 207
Church Pulverbatch, 254, 255, 262,
263, 270, 294, 305 Church Stretton, 269, 305 Claverley, 265, 287 Clee St. Margaret's, 268 Cleobury Mortimer, 255, 268, 283,305 Cleobury North, 255, 261, 268, 291 Clivc, 247
Clun, 246, 269, 27 r, 274, 277, 279,
281, 287, 289, 298 Clunbury, 269 Clungunford, 250, 268, 284 Cockshutt, 267, 298 Cold Weston, 268 Condover, 263, 281, 289, 297 Corrley, 258, 268, 283, 287 Cound, 254, 255, 258, 263, 264,
272, 284, 289, 291, 305 Cressage, 291
Culmington, 252, 2,55, 268, 292
Dawley Magna, 267, 278, 292
Diddlebury, 252, 255, 269, 279, 300
Ditton Priors, 265
Donington, 283, 285, 289, 292
" Donington," dio. Hereford, 294
Dowles, 268
Duddleston, 277
Easthope, 270 Eaton Constantine, 247, 263 Eaton-under- Hey wood, 265, 27:, 303 Edgtnond, 249, 2^3, 255, 259, 267,
284, 290, 292, 297 Edgton, 269
Edstaston, 255, 267, 271, 299 Ellesmere, 254, 261, 264, 295 Ercall Magna, 244, 249, 250, 253,
256, 263, 274, 278, 2S5, 292, 303 Ercall Parva (sec Child's Ercall) Eyton-on -thc-Wildrnoors, 266
Kite, 246, 247, 264 Ford, 263
Erodesley, 250, 263
Glazeley, 266 Greet, 268, 281
ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OF SHROPSHIRE. 309
Habberley, 269, 305 Hadley. 294
Hadnall, 272, 281, 299, 302
Halesowen, 250, 266, 271, 292
Hal ford, 268
Halston, 248, 249
Han wood, 263, 305
Harley, 263, 301
High Ercall (see Ercall Magna)
Highley, 256, 266, 292
Hinstock, 266
Hodnet, 248, 250, 253, 256, 266,
267, 271, 284, 291, 292 Holdgate, 268 Hope Bowdler, 269, 290 Hope Bagot, 265
Hopesay, 248, 256, 269, 293, 300 IJopton Cangeford ( Hopton-in-le-
Hole), 268 Hopton Castle, 269 Hopton Wafers, 268 Hordley, 264 Hughley, 265
Ightfield, 250, 256, 266, 271
Kemberton, 256, 265, 271 Kcnley, 263, 2S9 Kinlet, 265
Kinnerley, 249, 261, 204 Ktiockin, 248, 249, 2C4 Kynnersley, 267, 272, 299
Leebotwood, 269 Lee Brockhurst, 266 Leighton, 250, 267 Lilleshall, 249, 267, 277, 282, 304 Little Wenlock, 250, 265, 266, 270 Llanfair-Waterdine, 269 Llanyblodwell, 264 Llanymynech, 248, 256, 264 Longdon-upon-Tern, 266 Longford, '267, 271, 281, 288 Loppington, 262, 264, 275 Ludlow, 252, 261, 268, 287, 289. 293
Lydbury North. 269, 2S8, 289 Lydhara, 257
Madeley, 265, 272, 275
Mainstone, 269, 270, 284
Market Drayton, 266, 267, 271, 2S9
Melverley, 305
Meole Brace, 263
Middle, 251, 254, 261, 264, 265,
288, 299 Middleton Scriven, 268 Milson, 257, 268 Monkhopton, 265
Montford, 261, 264, 272, 281 More, 269 Moreton, 296, 305 Moreton Corbet, 257, 266, 27 1, 28^, 28S
Moreton Say, 258, 266, 267, ^72 Morville, 271
Much Wenlock (see Wenlock) Munslow, 269 Myndtown, 269
Nash, 279
Neen Savage (Upper Neen), 268 Ncen SolL-us (Lower Neen), 257 Ness Magna, 250, 261, 264, 267,
271, 288, 290, 296 Newport, 267, 283, 287, 299 Norbury, 269 Norton-in- Hales, 266
Oldbury, 265, 271, 290 Oswestry, 249, 253, 257, 259, 262, 264, 265, 275, 279, 284, 293, 302
Peplow, 259, 293 Petton, 264 Pitchford, 263
Pontesbury, 248, 254, 257, 259, 261, 262, 263, 270, 271, 282, 290 293, 305
Prees, 244, 248, 250, 253, 257, 206, 267, 271, 294. 305
Preston Gubbalds, 259, 264
Preston-on the- Wildinoors, 266, 284
Quatt, 265, 290 Quatford, 265
katlinghope, 269
Uodington, 263, 282, 300
Kushbury, 269, 288
Kuyton XL Towns, 262, 264, 272
Ryton, 265
Saint Martin's, 249, 262, 264 Selattyn, 248, 249, 264, 265, 272 Shawbury, 254, 258, 263, 294, 297, . 3"S
Shelve, 269
Sheriffhales, 251, 277, 282, 294 Shifnal, 254, 258, 265, 266, 271, 283,
3°3- 305 , Shineton, 2S9 Shipton, 260, 259, 2S8 Shrawardine. 247, 251, 264, 265, 271,
275, 288
Shrewsbury, 249, 251, 253, 258, 260, 2G2, 263, 204, 271, 275, 2/8, 2S2, 284, 288, 290, 294, 297, 300, 305
Sibdon Garwood, 269, 294
Sidbury, 258, 266, 271
310 ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OF SHROPSHIRE.
Smethcote, 263
Stanton Lacy, 254, 257, 268, 294 Stanton Long, 268, 278, 287 Stanton-on-Iline Heath, 254, 257,
259, 265, 266, 279, 286, 292, 294,
297
Stapleton, 263
Stanwardine, 296
Stirchley, 267, 271, 305
►Stockton, 265, 272, 289
Stoke St. Milborough, 268
Stokesay, 268, 276, 288
Stoke-upon-Tcrn, 248, 250, 233, 259,
284, 286, 294 Stottesden, 259, 266, 295 Stowe, 2G9 Sutton, 2G3
Sutton-Maddock, 265, 281, 282
Tasley, 266, 271 Tibberton, 267 Tilstock, 305, 306
Tong, 247, 262, 265, 275, 289, 295 Tugford, 268
Uflington, 263, 289, 297 Uppington, 266, 272, 278, 282 Upton Cressett, 266 Upton Magna, 246, 249, 263, 264, 272, 284, 289, 303, 305
Waters Upton, 247, 266 I Wellington, 263, 264, 272, 276, 278' I 284, 287
Wern, 249, 262, 266, 267, 271, 284, I 297, 301
J YVenlock, 265, 266, 270, 277
Wentnor, 269 J VTestbury, 260, 263, 286, 295, 305
West Felton, 251, 264, 265. 271, I 284, 297, 302
Weston (diocese oi Hereford), 269
Weston Lullingfield
Weston-under-Redcastle, 259, 293
" Whettle," (Wheathill), 266
Whitchurch, 254, 258, 260, 266, 267, 271, 284, 288, 289, 295, 305
WhiUington, 249, 262, 264
Whixall, 267, 272, 278, 284, 293
VVilley, 265
Wibtantuw, 251, 254, 258, 260, 268, 296
WomLridge, 267 Woore, 266
Woriield, 247, 26s, 278, 303 Wurthen, 249, 260, 263, 264, 271, 290, 296
Wrockwardine, 263, 272, 276, 287,
288, 289, 300, 302 Wroxeter, 263, 264, 271, 278
3ii
THE TOPOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF SHREWSBURY.
Hy the late
Rev. JOHN BRICK DALE BLAKE WAY, M.A., F.S.A. Edited by the late WILLIAM PHILLIPS, F.L.S.
( Continued from 3rd Scries, Volume VI., page 406, and concluded.)
[THE late Mr. William Phillips had, at the time of his death, arranged the first half of Mr. Blakeway's Topographical History of Shrewsbury in order for the press, and this has been already printed in the Transactions. The notes in parentheses marked " Ed." are Mr. Phillips's additions. I have arranged all the last portion of the History under the respective streets, and have added some additional deeds from Mr. Mytton's collections and from other sources. — W. G. D. F.]
Having thus conducted our readers through two main streets to their termination, I return to the upper end of Castle Street, to describe the streets or lanes leading out of that:- and first of the passage into St. Marys churchyard.
Along this we first come to Sr. Mary's Watejr Lane, or lode, as it was anciently termed, a steep narrow lane lead- ing to Severn, and formerly guarded by two gates, one at the top, and the other at the bottom ; the arch-way of the latter, which is of Norman work, still remains. It was up this lane that the troops of the parliament entered the town at its surprize in Feb., 1645, as is related at length in our history.1 In \l>lank\, a fox was killed in this lane by the
1 [See Owen and Hhikeway's History of Shrewsbury, vol. i., p. 449 &c
W.G.D.F.]
Vol. VII., 3rd Series. LL
1
312 THE TOPOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF SHREWSBURY.
Cleeton hounds, the same, I apprehend, of whom I shall have occasion soon to speak again.
The land, on the left side of the way leading into St. Mary's churchyard, was lying waste in the 8th of Edward IV. (1469;, and there stood a gateway in it to the church of the BLACK- FRIARS1 below, for by deed of that date (Lib. A, p. 79) Roger Eyton, Esquire, of Salop, gives seisin to William Prowd, bruer, of a void place near the cemetery of the church of St. Mary, between the gate of entrance (port am introitus) to the church of the Friars Preachers, and a certain venell called Scyntmarywaturlode, leading towards Severn. When the Friary was demolished, and the buildings levelled with the ground, the area was cleared and used as a bowling green for the members of the council of Wales, during their resi- dence at the Council House : and these great and grave per- sonages had no better way to go down and enjoy this manly but almost obsolete sport, but by the rude expedient of a ladder.- I learn this from the Bailiffs Accounts of 1566. " Paid to the coroners for gatheryng up the stonne
in the freers, and leying them up ... ... iii8 ivd
Paid for the ladder to the counsaille to go downe
into the freers ... ... ... ... ... viiid
Item for a ladder to stand upon the wall in the
freres for the counsell to come to the bowlyng
alley viiid"
The following order in the corporation books, respecting this street to the churchyard, shews that the town, which is not even now celebrated for its neatness, was in 1595 in a most disgraceful state of neglect, also the complaint of the Prior to the owners of the Marsh: — "Roger Luter prays allowance of half the charge of repairing a decayed pave- ment in a lane adjoining the house, leading from the High Pavement towards St. Mary's Church3 ; being a passage greatly used and frequented : which wave, by reason of the
1 [A full account of the Black Friars of Shrewsbury will be found in the Transactions, Vol. IX., page 251. — W.G.D. l'YJ
- I his, 1 think, can hardly be, considering that the wall on each side the water lane was then standing, and both the gates. They must have had to de.-cend into the lane, and then to climb either over the Friary wall, or to go round by cither the bottom or top g »te. I think it more likely to mean the Grey Friars over the Town wall.
5 [This lane is now called Windsor Place. — W.G.D.F.]
THE TOPOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF SHREWSBURY. 3 1 3
sayde decaide pavement, and the dangerous savours of mucke and other enormities there beinge, is very noysome to all passengers, and may tend to some infection. The whole charge is 1 8s, the distance being 72 yards." Whether the petitioner obtained this very moderate request, does not ap- pear : but even Salopian uncleanliness l)ad its limits ; for in 1580 I find Mr. Lowe fined, but no more than io'1, for his iinresonabell myron.
On Sept. 6, 161 2, the parishioners consented, at the earnest request of Mr. Humphrey Lear, Esquire, that he and his heires for ever shall have as much right and tittle as in them is, for the settinge straight of his new palle in the Church yard wheare he hath incroached in places of the palle a yard of ground : in consideration whearof, he hath promised to be a good benefactor towards the repairing of the church.
Advancing into St. Mary's Churchyard, we first come to the Stone House, as that on the left hand is still called, though now cased with brick. In 1646 it is styled in the parish book, The great stone house of Sir Richard Lee near unto the chancell. This gentleman was seated at Lee Hall and Langley, and was the last heir male of his family. One of his daughters, Rachel, married Ralph Cleeton, gentleman, and in her descendants this house continued still.
[On 20 August, 28 Eligabeth, 158G, Robert Irland of Salop, esq., enfeoffed and confirmed to Richard Lewys of Salop, draper, all that stone house or messuage now in decay, and all that parcel of land adjoining, situate in a certain street called St. Maries Almeshowsestreete, containing in breadth near the said street, between Robert Ireland's tene- ment then in the tenure of Thomas Higgins, baker, on the south side, and land formerly of Richard Mytton esq., then in the tenure of Richard Medlicott, gent., on the north side, eight cloth rods and ten digits, and in breadth on the west side between the garden of the said tenement in the tenure of Thomas Higgins, up to land of Geoffrey Jones in the tenure of John Jackson on the north side six cloth rods, and contains in length from the said street on the east side up to land of Edward Onslowe in the tenure of Humphrey Hughes, sherman, on the west side twenty eight cloth rods and a half. To hold to said Richard Lewys and the heirs of his body on
314 THE TOPOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF SHREWSBURY.
the body of Margery his late wife and sister of said Robert Irland begotten, with remainder to said Richard Lewys and his heirs, at the annual rent of two shillings. (Deed penes H. R. H. Southam). The Stone House afterwards belonged to the Lloyds of Whitehall, and was by them sold to the Salop Infirmary.— W. G. D. F.]
Next follows the Infirmary, originally built by John Kynaston, esquire, of Hardwicke, and of which more will be said hereafter. At the end of the churchyard in this direction, stands the Draper s Hall, a large rambling old timber house with a garden annexed. In the 4th of Edward IV. (1465), Agnes, wife of William Hybot, and Margaret, wife of Roger Goodbard, styling themselves " the natural and legitimate daughters and coheirs of Cassandra, widow of John Wyke, late of Salop," grant to John Knyght, merchant, master of the gild or fraternity of the Holy Trinity of the mistery of Drapers in Salop, and Degory and Richard Watur drapers, wardens of the same gild, a tenement reaching in length from the cemetery of the collegiate and parochial church of St. Mary to the tenement of John Phelypps, clerk, and in breadth from the land of the said Degory Watur, to the land of the Dean and Canons of St. Mary. (Lib. A., 78.) Phelyppes was town clerk, and, it appears from other docu- ments, lived in Dogpole, so that we have the situation of Draper's Hall accurately described. In 1580, the corporation being very anxious to secure the services of the Revd. Dr. Bulkeley in the capacity of publick preacher of the town, en- gaged this mansion for his reception, and it is an item in the Bailiffs' Accounts of that year: - "Paid for the taking of the house called Drapers halle for Mr. docter banckley £20," a very considerable rent in those days, evincing the high value at which they rated his ministry.
At the back of these premises ran the French wall, what- ever was meant by that expression : for thus it is entered on the books of the company, " May 20th, 166 1, Agreed that the French wall between Mr. Rowland Hunt's house and Drapers hall shall be made new with bricke" It should seem by subsequent entries, that this expression merely denotes a low palisade.
THE TOPOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF SHREWSBURY. 31$
OX LANE.
Ox LANE, anciently St. Maries: and after the building of the alms houses St. Mary Alms House Street. It is thought to have been called St. Maries, because the college or houses of the canons of that collegiate church were situated in it, on the right hand side of the way, where there is still a large old timber tenement with a kind of corridore or piazza in front, of considerable antiquity, though more recent than the existence of the college: and in 1732, when the adjoining houses were taken down to be rebuilt, a monk's head, carved in stone, as says my authority, was found under the foundation.
In 161 5 the Drapers Company agreed, that if the towne do pave the street from the Crosse, to the style of the church, the company would be at the charge of paving the side next to the almshouse. We learn from this entry, that the Oxlane was till then unpaved, and probably, also, that it had not then obtained its present name.
] ones' Mansion. — Further on, at the corner leading into St. Alkmund's Churchyard, is a spacious mansion with a large garden, formerly the residence of Chief Justice Jones (grand- son of William Jones, who resided near the bridge), where, in October, 1642, he entertained as his temporary guests, the infant Duke of York, afterwards King James II., and the celebrated Prince Rupert, who during the visit of Charles I. to this town, took up their abode, we are told, with Master Jones, the lawyer. In this house, when Dugdale visited the town in 1663, he found nine coats of arms in the parlour window. 1, Mortimer, the inescutcheon azure ; 2, Strange, the field gules, the lions argent ; 3 and 4, France and Eng- land quarterly twice : one of the coats with a label of three points ; 5, Argent a cross gules ; 6, Azure a cross flory, be- tween four martlets ; or 7, First and fourth argent, a lion ram- pant sable, within a border . . . second and third, Or a bend sinister, engrailed sable ; 8, Talbot ; 9, Gules three boars' heads couped or.
This must have been the very spot on which stood the stone house and the ivoodcn house, which Agnes de Hibernia, relict of Hugh de Londoniis, being " in her liege, authority, power, and widowhood," gave to the church of Haghmon " in
3 l6 THfc TOPOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF SHREWSBURY.
pure, sincere and perpetual alms " for the safety of the soul of John de Hibernia, her first husband, and for her own soul, and those of her children, and all her relations {ac pucrorum et omnium parent urn meoriim), for the said houses are ex- pressed to be " opposite the stile of the churchyard of St. Mary next to Doggepol." This deed belongs to the latter end of the thirteenth century. The street leading from Sir Thomas Jones's house to St. Alkmund's Church, proceeds also, to the right1 hand, to an irregular open space called St. Alkmund's Square, but formerly Berington Square,
from its containing the mansion house of that ancient Shrewsbury family, together with their chapel for the exer- cise of the Roman Catholick religion, to which persuasion they belonged. As Roger Berington, who stands at the head of their pedigree, is stated to have married Alice, daughter and coheir of John de Hibernia, there can be little doubt that it was her mother who granted this contiguous property to Haghmond Abbey. I require more proof than I have yet seen, that the father of John was Sir Walter Fitzroy, a son of King Edward I., by the Earl of Kildare's daughter. But I return to Ox Lane.
DOG POLE,.
This street joins on to DoGPOLE, but it does not seem to be known exactly where the one ends, and the other begins : accordingly, in a deed of the Berington family, 1689, a house is spoken of as being situate in Si. Mary Almshouse Street, otherwise called Dogpole or Si. Mary Churchyard. In other deeds of the same family, 1OO5, Dogpole bears also the name of St. Christopher s Street and St Christopher s Corner ; and this name extended the whole way to the cross ; for in 19 Jac. (1G22) Thomas Ireland, of Adbrighton Island, esquire, sells to Charles Bennion, gentleman, a messuage in St. Chris- topher's Street, otherwise called St. Mary Almshouse Street. The origin oi these appellations I cannot explain.
The king's street* winch is called Doggcpol, occurs in a deed in the chartulary of our abbey (No. 225), witnessed by Richard Sitte and Luke, provosts.
1 [Qu. the left hand. -Ed.]
THE TOPOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF SHREWSBURY. 317
[In 12 Edward III. (1339) Thomas Russel, son of John Russel of Salop, granted to Richard his son, and the heirs of his body, a messuage in which he (the grantor) dwelt in Salop, in the street of Doggepol, together with three shops adjoining in the same street. Witnesses: John .Stury, Thomas Colle, bailiffs, John le Welsh, Richard de Leton, John de Sutton, and others. (Mytton Deeds).-' -W.G.D.F.j
The brotherhood of the Holy Cross in St. Alkmond's church, had a tenement " in the street of Doggepol," out of which a rent of 3s 4/ was granted by Simon and William Toure, as feoffees of Margery, relict of James Boerleie, in 141 3, to William, her son, and Isabel, his wife, and to the heirs of their bodies. Dated Saturday after the feast of St. Laurence martyr, 1 Henry V. Witnesses: David Holbache and Richard Stury, bailiffs, Reginald Mutton, and others. (Halston Deeds.)
It was probably the same tenement, her share of which Benedicta, relict of Nicholas Wygan, granted in 1352 to Sir Richard de Laueleye, vicar of St. Alkmund's, Salop, her share of all the tenements in the upper part of Doggepol, which Thomas Geoffrey her brother had of the gift and feoffment of Richard Borrey of Salop, and which descended to her and her sister Lucy, relict of William de Kaynton, after the death of Robert, son and heir of John Geffrey, their late brother. [Witnesses : John Stury and William le Parmonter, bailiffs, William de Smethcote, Robert de LJpton, Roger de la Yate, Robert de Hulton, Richard Russel, and others. Dated Thursday, the vigil of St. Bartholomew, 20 Edward III. (23 August, 1353). (Halston Deeds). On the 8th of September following, Benedicta quitclaimed to Sir Richard de Lauleye, her right in her share of the same tenements. Witnesses : John Stury and William le Parmonter, bailiffs, and others. Dated Saturday, the feast of the Nativity of B. Mary, 26 Edward HI. (Halston Deeds). W.G.D.F.]
Owen ap Jcvan ap Madoc m 1 369 releases to Jevan ap Eyneon ap Wylym, a tenement in Doggepol | street of Salop, as it is situate between a tenement of Roger de la Yate on one side, and a tenement of the heirs of Benedict le Bray on the other side, and extends from the highway (via rcgi/i) to a garden of Roger de la Yate. Witnesses : William de
3 1 8 THE TOPOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF SHREWSBURY.
Longenorle and Thomas le Skynner, bailiffs, John Stury, Roger de Thorn', John de Shotton, Nicholas Gerard, John de Caupedene, and others. Dated Friday, the feast of St. Matthias, 43 Edward III. (24 February, 136c)). (Halston Deeds).— W.G.D.F.] (Ibid). This is an example of Welsh inhabitants of Shrewsbury, to the rarity of which I have ad- verted above. After the rebellion of Glyndwr, at the com- mencement of the next century, they became still more un- common. In the reign of Henry V., Nicholas Gerard of Salop, granted to Nicholas Gerard, his bastard son, a tene- ment in Dogpoll, in which he, the grantor, then dwelt, and all the lands formerly belonging to Richard Russell, his uncle ( aviinctili met), extending from his said house to the hospice called Le Bell, formerly called le Ireland's hall ; also a tene- ment super le wile copp.
The abbot of Lilleshull had a tenement in the street of Doggepol, 13 Edward III. (1339-40) (cart. Edward Smythe, baronet) ; and the abbey of Salop had land here called Astcrton grounds, which in the 33d of Elizabeth ( 1 59 1 ) was holden by Francis Newport, Esquire.
On 17 Sept., 33 Eliz. : (1591) Thomas Horde, Esquire, con- veys to Thomas Ottley, Esq., of Shrewsbury, a stable and garden in Dogpole, reaching from a tenement of Robert Ire- land, Esquire, to Asterton grounds, lately belonging to the dissolved monastery of Salop, and then in the tenure of Francis Newport, Esquire. This, therefore, in all probability was the spot on which his descendant, Richard, earl of Brad- ford, when desirous to cultivate an interest in the borough of Shrewsbury, erected a handsome house,1 over the door of which an earl's coronet may still be seen, as also in white pebbles on the pavement before it. But the most distin- guished inhabitant of Dogpole was the great John Talbot, the conqueror of France, and first earl of Shrewsbury.
Edward le Botiler died 1375, seised of a free burgage in Doggepol. Ankaret, one of his sisters and coheirs, married John, lord Strange of Blackmere ; and their grand daughter Ancaret le Strange, brought this and much other property to
1 [Known as Newport House, now and lor many years past occupied by Dr. Edward Burd.— W.G.D.F.]
THE TOPOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF SHREWSBURY. 319
her husband, Richard lord Talbot, father of the earl of
Shrewsbury.
Lord Talbot's mansion here, or as the language of that day ran, his inn, bore his own name. By inquisition taken after his death, 32 Henry VI. (1453-4), it is found that he died seised (inter alia) of a messuage or hostel ( hospicium) called Ic Talbot, and four other messuages in Shrewsbury. (Dugd. MSS., A, 1). It appears to have been towards the bottom of the street, and on the left hand side of the way, probably about the site of Mr. Peele's house : for in the 5th of Henry VIII., 1 2th of April (15 14), Richard Mytton, master of the confraternity or gild of the Holy Trinity in the collegiate church of St. Mary, and the guardians (i.e., wardens) of the said fraternity, and of the art of drapers, demise to Maurice ap Howell, " all that void place in le Dogpoll between the land of the Lord of Shrowesbury called The Talbott Inn, on the east side, and the tenement of John Owmfreston on the north, (cart. John Corbet, arm. de Sundern)."1
In 1 Hen : VII. (1485) Thomas Hoorde, escheator, accounts for the issues of a certain messuage or hostel called le Talbot, in the town of Salop, which, in another part of the same record, is called the tenement of the late earl of Shrews- bury, called Talbot Inne, and of which the said earl died seised in 13 Edward IV. (1474).
On the etymology of Dogpole I have nothing to propose. A talbot is a dog, and therefore it may be thought to have borrowed its name from the residence of this great carl: but we have seen that it was so called at least as early as the 13th of Edward II. (1319-20), many years before that noble family had any connection with this town.
In the ;"' of Henry VI 1. (149 1-2), Adam Kny/.t entered on a tenement in the street called Dogpoll, lately inhabited by
1 [Joseph Morris quotes one of the Cole deeds, dated 1436-7, to prove that the Inn or Hall of the Talbit family was not situated in Dogpole, but in the High Pavement near the Butter Cros^. By it "Master Thomas Talbot" (eldest son of the 1st Kari of Shrewsbury) leases to William Colle of Salop, " all that Hall, &c, in the High Pavement, extending in the street from the 1 ind of Roger Thomas (? Thornes) to the land of Ro.;er Kyton, and reaching from the King's highway to land occupied by William Wylyms draper and fischer." But was this tenament re illy Talbot's Inn or Hall? The deed of I 5 14 cited above by Blakeway speaks distinctly of " The Talbott lun "as being in " le Dogpoll."— W.C.I ). L< .]
Vol. VII., 3rd Series. MM
320 THE TOPOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF SHREWSBURY.
John Phelyps (lib. A.), who will be found among our town- clerks and recorders, as having successively filled each of those offices.
DOUBLE BUTCHER ROW.
The Double Butcher Rozv was, I conceive, anciently called the Waxchere} In 7 Edward III. (1334) Richard Borrey of Salop, grants to Hugh, son of Hugh le Donfowe, a messe in vico vocato le Wax chcre. In 17 Edward III. (1344) Lucy relict of William de Nesse of Salop, grants to Alan de Shares- hull of Shoppenhale, and Agnes his wife, daughter of the grantor (among other things), four shops in the Waxchere. (Cart, penes W. Hamper, arm.).
[In August, 1334, Richard Borrey of Salop granted to Hugh, son of Hugh le Donfowe, of Salop, a messuage in Salop which lies in a street called le Waxchere, between a tenement of Roger Pcrle on one side, and a shop formerly of Warin le Child on the other side, and ex- tends in length from the high way to a tenement formerly belonging to Clement, son of Peter Clements. Witnesses : John Reyner, Thomas fil. Tho. Colle, bailiffs, Nicholas Ive, Reginald Perle, Peter Gerard, Tho. Geffrey, Hugh de Wyain, Thomas Ive, Robert de Weston, John de la Tour, and others. Dated at Salop, Tuesday after the feast of St. Peter ad vincula, 7 Edward III. (Mytton Deeds).— W.G.D.F.]
At the upper end of it is a very large old timber house, which from its handsomely carved gable, and the row of ob- tusely pointed windows and gateways below, formerly be- longed to some personage of note, unless it was, as we have conjectured {History of Shrewsbury, ii., 267), the house in which the fraternity of St. Alkmond's parish held their meet- ings. Buildwas abbey had a tenement hereabouts, perhaps on this spot : for by deed without date Roger Blenchose grants to Roger Yve a messuage and garden situate between Richard Stun's tenement and Grope Lane : and reaching in length from the King's way (i.e., the High Street) to the
1 [Some further account of Double Butcher Row, or Waxchere, has already been tjivcn in Vol, V., page 278. — W.G.D.F.]
THE TOPOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF SHREWSBURY. 32 1
tenement of the abbot and convent of Buldewes. I subjoin the original deed : —
Sciant prcsentes et futuri, quod ego, Roger Blenchose, in ligia potestate et plena sanitate mea, dedi, concessi, et hue presenti carta mea confirmavi Rogcro, filio Alani Yve, pro servicio suo, unum mesuagium cum uno gardino, et cum omnibus suis pertinentiis in Salop, quod quidem mcssuagium situm est inter tenemcntum Ricardi Sturi, ex parti una, et venellam que vocatur Grope Counie lone, ex parte altera, et extendi t se in longitudine a via regia que duett a venella versus do mum dicti Ricardi Sturi, usque ad tenemcntum Abbatis et couventus de Bui dew as (e coll. W. Mytton). In another copy this deed is attested by Thomas Bykedon and Alan Clement, bailiffs in 26 Edward I (1297-8).
GROPE LANE.
Grope Lane. — William Wyrcester, in his Itinerary, men- tions a lane of this name in Bristol, as do Anthony Wood (Life, p. 218) and Hearne (Roperi Moms, 256) in Oxford, derived, probably, like tins, from its obscurity and narrow- ness. This is mentioned as early as 26 Edward I., when Roger Blenchor grants to Roger, son of Alan Yve, a garden and messuage lying juxta venellam qnevocatur Grope counte- lanc. (coll. W. Mytton).
Repulsive as it must appear to modern ideas of refinement, some persons, of great note in their day, did not disdain to reside in this narrow and confined situation, and the massive stone walls by which it is still bounded have, perhaps, be- longed to their mansions. Sir Richard Stury is the first of these, that we have found: his "hall" had passed, by 14 Richard II., to the family of Berington.
In 12 Rich. II. (1388-9) John, son of Roger Piers, and others, grant to William, son of the said Roger, all that tene- ment situate in Gropecontelone and Gumbelstalstrete, as it lies between the tenement of William de Byriton, senior, on one side, and John Tiler's tenement on the other, and extends a via regia usqMt ad aulam predicti Willclmi de Byriton, quondam domini Ricardi Stury, mi I it is. Sir Roger Acton was another: he was a man 111 high favour with Richard 11. and Henry IV., to whom lie was esquire of the body : but was
322 THE TOPOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF SHREWSBURY.
at length brought to the stake in the reign of Henry V., for his attachment to the principles of Wyclif. His widow still resided here in 4 Henry VI. (1425), when the Beringtons alien- ated their property in this lane to the great John Talbot ; but the Acton residence continued in that family several years later.
In 5 Henry V. (1418), William Piers of Pontesbury, Esquire, grants Sir Richard, son of Roger le Whilwryghte, and Sir William, son of Thomas Phelippes, chaplains, a tene- ment in le Gropelone and le Bakestcrerowe, et extendit se
colateralitcr per le et tenementum nupcr Rogeri Acton,
militis, usque ad cornerium de Bakestere strete, et ad aliud capud, et jacet in latitudinc inter le Grope lane et tene- mentum Thome Byriton fill i Willelmi Byriton senioris. — (Halston Deeds). [Witnesses : Roger Corbet and John Perle, bailiffs, Reginald Mutton, Symon Tour, William Hord, and others. Dated at Salop, Thursday before the feast of St. Chad, Bishop, 5 Henry V.— W.G.D.F.]
Sciant presentes et futuri, quod ego, Thomas Byriton, filius et heres Willelmi Byriton, senioris, de Salop, dedi etc., Johanni domino Talbot et ffurnyvale, Hugoni Burgh, Will- elmo Boerley et Thome Trentham, totum meum tenementum
in Salop situatum inter tenementum Willelmi Lychefeld,
militis, quondam in possessione Reginaldi Perle, ex una parte, et tenementum Alicie Acton, quondam uxoris Rogeri Acton, militis, ex altera parte, ad ilium hnem versus cimi- terium ecclesie Sancti Alkemundi Salop, et ad alium fmem versus vicum vocatum le Bakerrowe, inter tenementum Rogeri Thornes, ex una parte, et tenementum Willelmi Piers, ex altera parte, una cum reuersione duorum tenementorum in le Bakerrowe antedicto infra bundas predictas que quidem dua tenementa Johannes Paunton de Salop modo tenet ad
terminum vite Agnetis uxoris sue Hiis Testibus, Johanne
Shetton, et Willclmo Forster, tunc ballivis ville Salop, Johanne Perle, Nicholao Shetton, Johanne Flouer, Willelino Toure, Roberto Herseley, et aliis. Datum apud Salop, septimo die Sept. anno regni regis Henrici sexti post con- queslum Anglie quarto (1425).
In 1434, Edward Atton leaves his wife Elena his tenement at the head of Groplone, lying angularly between y° king's
THE TOPOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF SHREWSBURY. 323
way, and the tenements late of William Tour and ye abbot and convent of Lilleshull.
From a deed in possession of Thomas Ireland, of Ad- brighton, Esquire, 1765, in 1484, Roger Acton sells a tenement in Salop, situate angular wise opposite to St. Alkmund's churchyard, near a path way called Grope counte lane, to Edward Esthop, merchant. — (Bowen).
CHEPYNGE (or MARKET) STREET.
The turning out of Carrier's Inn, or Shoplatch, to the left is in Rocque's plan called a. part of Shoplatch, and was lately considered as belonging to Kiln lane. Anciently, however, it bore the name, as far as the Market-place, of Chcpynge street, from Chepyng, the old word for a market, and it has been denominated in a recent revision of the nomenclature of our town, Market Street.
In the 26th of Edward III. (1353), Hugh, son and heir of Thomas Colle of Salop, grants to Galfrid de Clyve of Salop, a shop situate 111 the lower corner (inferiori cornerio) of Chepyng stret, and reaching in length from the said Chepyng stret, to the tenement of the prior of St. John of Salop, and in breadth from the tenement of the abbot and convent of the monastery of St. Peter of Salop, unto the street called Le Stallys. It is difficult to understand this description ; but it seems to include the whole land backwards from Market street to the Gullet shut. [On 25 March, 1371, John de Weston demised to John de Salebury, goldsmith, and Agnes his wife, and Benedicta their daughter, for their lives, a tene- raen in le Chepyng-Stret, which Richard le Nelder formerly occupied, and which lay between a tenement of Thomas Perle and a tenement of William de Withiford, at the rent of 20s. Witnesses : John Stury and John de Shotton, bailiffs, and others. Dated at Salop the feast of the Annunciation of Blessed Mary, 44 Edward 111. (Mytton Deeds).— W.G.D.F.] The Talbot Inn, in this street, was the residence of the ancient family of Ottley, as long as they continued to be en- gaged in the commerce of Shrewsbury. St. Blase s chapel was in this immediate neighbourhood, and, as it seems, on the right hand side of Murwaine opposite the back yard of the Talbot. On the 0lh Aug., 25 Henry VI. (P447), William
324 THE TOPOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF SHREWSBURY.
Mitton, esquire, grants to Roger Lye of Salop, weaver, all those his (the grantor's) tenements as they lye in a certain angle between the tenement called Cherleton hall, and the street called Chepyngestrete, and again between the lane leading towards St. Chad's church (this must be the street leading to Swanhill), near the chapel of St. Blase, from the said lane to the forenamed Cherletonhall.1 The right hand side of Chepynge Street, from the turning up to Murwaine as far as Shoplatch, seems formerly to have been all laid out in gardens : and all, I conceive, the property of the Charlton family : for in the I itL of Edward IV. (1472), Thomas Brom- ley, merchant, who had purchased Cherlton Hall from the Earl of Tankerville, and had sold it to Nicholas Warynge, releases to Thomas Otteley of Salop, merchant, his right in eight gardens as they lye together within the town of Salop, near the king's way, leading from the Cornemarket towards the wall of the town on one side, and a certain great garden belonging to the great stone chamber, formerly the property of the Lord of Chorlton, and now belonging to Nicholas Warynge, merchant of the Staple of Calais, on the other side. The house at the corner, now the George Inn, was in 1O15 the residence either of the Warings or the Prowds, as appears from the coats of arms supported by angels, in coarse plaister over the chimney-piece upstairs -
KILN LANE, or PRINCESS STREET. Proceeding onwards from Chepynge Street, we come to KILN Lane, which, narrow as it is, is wider than a great part of the rue de St. Jacques, the chief street of old Paris. Its earliest name was the Street of Candelan ; i.e., perhaps, Candle lane. Its vicinity to St. Chad's church, where such multitudes of candles must have been daily used, may have led the chandlers to fix their abode here. This name had,
1 Prout jacent in quadam angulari inter tenementum vocatum Charleton hall, et yicum vocatum Chepyngstrete, et iterum inter venellam ducentem versus ecclesiam Sancti Cedde prope capellam Sancti Blasii a dicta venella usque prenoininatum tenementum vocatum Charleton hall.
2 [The shields are those of Prowd, and of Waiing impaling 1 & 4, a chevron between three animals' [? what] heads erased, 2 & ^, a lion rampant ; and there are roses and flours de lis, and the date 1615 [?]. These are tricked in the MS., but are not given here. — W. G.D.F.
THE TOPOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF SHREWSBURY. 325
however, given way before the compilation of the Haghmond lieger, i.e., before the reign of Edward IV., to its more recent appellation ; for the premises in Candelane are arranged in that document under the head of Kyllon lane : and this seems to have been derived from the fact of its containing a cele- brated kiln. When most of the operations of agriculture were, as we have seen, carried on within the walls, such things, no doubt, existed in the heart of the town, and if that is the meaning of the word torrendula} we find proof of one at a very early period in this very street, and as late as April 12, 1 5 86, in the very street of which we are now speaking, about 3 of the clock in the morninge ther was a sore fyer at Master Myttoon's place in the Corne Market, whiche burnid a newe house lately erectyed ther with a fay re kill to mache malte, beinge above a M. bushell burnt smotherid and spoyled : the cause of the fyer was that the said kill was put
to use .and no body in the said house. (Taylor's MS.")
Reasons, however, are not wanting for the opinion that kiln hay sometimes have signified an oven. In 10 Edw. IV. ( 147 1) I find this street called le Kellenstone, and in 1584, Kullen or Kyll lane, and that our street may have derived its name from a celebrated bake-hottscr It has recently been entitled Princess Street.
Margaret, daughter of William Blund, grants to Haghmond Abbey, for the maintenance of the sick brethren in the in-
1 Torrendula is not in Du Cange ; tut there is Torra for a kiln : ihe ety- mology of which from torreo, is very obvious. The canons of Haghmond had a torellum, which may mean the same thing at their estate of Newton juxta Stokesay.
2 The Clown in The Winter's Tale, reprimanding Dorcas and Mopsa, for scolding each other before company at the shearing feast, says, " Is there not milking time, when you are going to bed, or kiln-hole, to whistle oft these secrets " ? Upon which Mr. M alone observes, that kiln hole, or as it is written in the old copies, kill hole, means Ihe mouth of the oven, and quotes The merry wives of Windsor, where Mrs. Ford desires Falstaff " to creep into the kiln hole." Mr. Steevens denies that kiln is synonymous to oven — " at least" says he, " it is not so in England;" and he adds, t/he kiln- hole is the place into which coa's are put under a stove, copper, or a kiln in which lime, etc, are to be dried or burned. To watch the kiln-hole or stoking hole, is part of the office of feu. ale servants in farm houses." This is not very intelligible, nor do I believe, he would find it very easy to point out any farm house in which the female servant tends the lime kiln. Nor does Mr. Harris much mend the matter by saying that the kiln hole means the fire place used in making malt, as I cannot conceive thai this has ever been a female employment. Upon the whole, I am inclined to accede to Mr. Malonc's interpretation.
326 THE TOPOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF SHREWSBURY.
firmary, certain land in Salopcsbur' cam torcdula et edificiis et omnibus perlincntiis siiis, : situate in the street of Can- delane, between Richard Winnepani's land and that which was Peter FilloPs : rendering to the lord of the fee, 8d at ye feast of St. Michael for all services to him belonging, saving the service of our lord the King. Hiis Testibus : Domino Radulfo abbate dc Lileshull [1204-12171, Willelmo de Clere- mund. [Torrendula is, I daresay, a malt kiln : see Stokesay ; and Torra in Du Cange|.
Alan Talpin, and his wife Margaret, confirm the above grant : Hiis Testibus : Domino Abbate Benjamin Priore de Lileshul, Willelmo de Cleremund, et Johanne de Sancto Alch- mundo capellanis, Thoma filio Willelmi, et Johanne filio Roberti, tunc prepositis. In this last deed the rent of 8d is reserved to Richard Winnepany and his heirs : so that he appears to have been the " lord of the fee."
By the following deed we learn that the Convent has en- feoffed (feudo fefferunt) one Richard le Vileyn and his heirs, in the said premises and torredula : Isabel, the heiress of this Richard le Wileyn (so it is also written, and is perhaps the origin of our name Wilding), married one William Baril, a burgess of Salop, by whom she had issue (de qua d ictus W illelmus procreavit s'exus) and then died. After her death, her husband, Baril, neglected to pay the yearly rent of 34d., for the premises in Candelane strete, in consequence of which the convent sued him for the same. This produced an agreement between the parties, whereby, the " farm " being reduced to 3od., Baril covenants for himself and his heirs by Isabel, to pay it regularly, and agrees that if he or they ces sa- verint a solucione dicte -fir me, etc., Abbas etConventus capient namium in placea et domibus que fuerunt Ricardi le Vileyn in G omestolstrctc, ubi d ictus Ricardus mancbat, etc. Witnessed by the then provosts, Hugh le Vileyn and Reiner Porchet.
But neither did this agreement finally settle the matter, for the abbot, conceiving himself to be aggrieved by John, son of John Vileyn, in being prevented from enforcing the pay- ment, brought his assise of novel disseisin : the substance of which may serve to shew the ancient process in that now ob- solete action.
THE TOPOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF SHREWSBURY. 327
The assize comes to recognize if John, son of John Vileyn, hath unjustly, etc., disseised the abbot of Hagmon, of his free tenement in Salop, after the first, etc. And whereof he complains that he is disseised of 2s 6d rent with the appur- tenances, etc. Whereof he says that he was wont to receive the said rent of a certain plat of land, holden by y° said town : which ye said John has so enclosed, that the Abbot can have no entrance thereunto, to distrein for y1' said rent, and so he hath disseised him.
And John came, and well acknowledged that he hath en- closed the said plat, but he says that he hath made, I believe, a certain postern upon the same place {fecit q it and am ftostam super predict am p lac earn )y by which the abbot may have free ingress and egress to distrein fur ye said rent : and that he hath done him no injury or disseisin, and puts himself upon the assise : And the Abbot likewise : Therefore the assise is taken, etc. The Jurors say upon their oath that the said John hath enclosed, etc., but they say he hath made a certain (the substantive is omitted) upon ye said plat, by which the abbot may, etc., and hath found sufficient distress in yc said place : And they say that ye said John hath never hindered the abbot from distrcining in y" said plat : wherefore they say y" said John hath not disseised him : Therefore it is con- sidered that he go without day, and ye abbot take nothing by that assise, but be in mercy for his false claim, etc.
Notu rentale factum 7 Hen. VI. ( 1428-9;, pro dicto redditu.
Dc Alicia Wiililcy nupcr uxore Willelmi W. pro quodam tenemcuto in Cornchepyne quod quondam fuit Agnetis uxoris Bugonis Borrcy ct postea Jacobi Dyer per ami. 2s. 6d.
The deeds in y,; liaghmond lieger respecting Seint Wer borgh chapell, contain also mention of a torredula. Thurgar, son of Thomas, grants to Haghmond Abbey, all the land winch he [bought] from Werin [or Warin], son of Aldred Sellarius, 111 the town of Salop, situate towards the chapel of St. YVereburga, between the land formerly of Nicholas, son of Amelot, and the land of Ida, sister of the said Warm : ren- dering yearly to the- lord of that fee (>''. Witnessed by Richard Pride, and Walter, son of Fcirwin, then provosts of Salop.
Vol. VI [., 3rd Series. NN
328 THE TOPOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF SHREWSBURY.
There is another deed of a house in the street towards the same chapel, bought from the same Warin, and situate near the land of the same Nicholas, from the said Turgar, by con- sent of Lucy his wife, to the same canons, ad refect ion em f rat rum in infirmaria. This last deed is witnessed by Henry de Hereford and Peter Villanus, provosts.
By the time that Robert Pride and William Goch became provosts, the neighbouring lands had passed into the hands of Robert Palli and Henry de Brug : for the abbot and con- vent do then demise the above premises of Thurgar's grant, by the name of a plat of ground in the street near y° said chapel, between the lands of those persons, — to Robert, son of Robert de Mungomeri, at fee farm of 4s yearly : to be doubled in case of non payment for 15 days: and the re- ligious are permitted to distrein (namiam capient) : and he or his heirs shall not sell, or anywise alienate it, to any per- sons except the abbot and convent, si earn ad forum [sic] alterius emere voluerint.
By the 27th of Edward I. [1298-9], this ground had a hall built upon it, in which Isabel, relict of John de Lodelowe, re- sided : this appears from a deed entitled De dido redditu f alio modo. It begins thus : Sachent totes gens qe come ascunes demandes ont este entre le Abbe Gilbert de H. et son convent, de une part, et Isabelle qe fuste la compayne et principalle executrice del testement John de Lodelowe jadis son baron, de altre partie, sur les arerages de une annuele rent de 1 18 3d qele les dis J. et I. furent tenus paier a lavant dit A. et C. p'air mesme ceus A. et C. over relesses a la dit Isabele les dis arrerages pur 208 queus eole le paia par les mayns William Vaghan : Et qe debat ne soit mis entre les dis A. et C. et Isabele pur paiement de la dite rente sait ensi acordes, qe depuis qe les quant [avant] dis A. et C. demandans la dite rente ne mostreront somsauns munymens qe tole cele rente les fust due par an, mes soulement 8s cestassaver 4s pur la place qele Robert de Montgomeri prist de eus, sur qele place la sale ou la dite Issabele demeurt en Salopesbury est une edifie, et 4s pur les tenemens queus les dits A. et C. avoynt de Amelie de Bechecote, queus tenemens la dite I. ad fet abatre dev's sou clos, et prome redifier de novel mesme cele Is. vrante qe les ditz 8s de rente furent dues ad paie al dit A.
the Topographical history of Shrewsbury. 329
408 de argent pur queus les ditz. A. et C. grantent a la dite I. pur eus, etc., qe ele a tote sa vie pusse tenyr la dite placez et les ditz tenementz pur 4s par an. . . . ensi q' apres le deces de la dite I. les avantditz A. et C. pussent aver entrement sans delate 8" par an de la place sur quele la dite sale est edine e de les tenements avantnomes queus la dite Amelie jadis avoit enqi menis [meins?] la dite place on tenementz devignent. Oultre ceo la dite I. grante qele paiera preste- ment p'an 3s 4s al avantditz A. et C. apres ceo qe ala auront mostre par lur munimens qe cele doit ceo fere de dreit, etc., en presence de Richard Pride, John Robert, Thomas Cham- peneys, John Borre, Nicholas Bresebon, William Vaghan, Master Robert de Preston, et plusors altres le mardi prochein apres la feste Seint Pere en la goule de Aust le an de regne le roy Edward 27.
The rent of 2s 3d referred to above arose thus : — Thorgar, son of Thomas Bodi, grants to Haghmon Abbey for his soul, and that of dame Lucya, his wife, rent assessed (assisum) of 15'' of a messuage 111 y° street towards the chapel of St. W., formerly holden by Ythel the Welshman ; and rent of 3d of another messuage in the same street, formerly holden by Hugh Blan and thefir [sic], and rent of 9d of a third house, in ye same street, formerly holden by Robert son of Reginald Palli. Hiis Testibus, Roberto fiho Johannis et Ricardo Crawe, tunc prepositis Salop.
The same person by ye name of Thoorgar, son of Thomas, grants them a rent of I2d of a [sic] torredula holden by Adam son of Martin. Alan son of Herbert, John de Hibernia, then provosts of Salop.
William de Hastona, sells to them for 14s a rent of i6d in the street of St. Warburga of 4 messuages : two of them formerly holden by Thurgar Bodi, the 3rd by Ida, and the 4th by Edith, daughters of Aldred, — situate between the house of Nicholas, son of Amelote, and Juliana, daughter of Katherine : — Rendering id yearly to William de Longenalre. Witnessed by Gamel and Reiner, provosts. [Circa 1209 or 1^39}
It is noted in y" chartulary that Chapmonstrete is with St. Warburgh.
On the right hand side [of Kiln Lane] is the turning to
330 THE TOPOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF SHREWSBURY.
College Hill, and exactly opposite the Peacock Shut, formerly Stilly ard Shut, leading to High Street : and here on the right side a great improvement was effected in 1794 by subscrip- tion ; some mean houses, and a flight of steps into St. Chad's churchyard were removed, and the street materially widened ; a little further on is the Sextry Shut, in which we are told the sacristy of St. Chad's Church stood, accessible from the churchyard, through a room thrown over the street, and re- newed at the improvement of 1794. In the Sextry was a noted house of entertainment, of which frequent mention occurs in the bailiffs' accounts : as 1 561, Spent by Mr. bayliffes in the sextre at the comyng horn of Mr. Prynce from London in February last ijB ijd.
The hall of the Mercers' Company stood in the Sextry ; and in this immediate neighbourhood must have been the house of Richard Attyncham, to whom the dean and chapter of St. Chad, by deed of October Ist, 36 Henry VI. (1457), en- tered upon the old book of that company, grant a void place of land of the cemetery on the north side of the church, oppo- site to his tenement, containing in length 12 ells, and in breadth 5 ells, to build an house upon. He was to hold it for life, at an annual rent of Od : but after his death the said place was to pay 2s for his obit, and that of Alice his wife : of which sum the priest celebrating mass was to have one penny, and the town cryer proclaiming the obit in the town, one penny, and the surplus of the rent over that 2s shall be paid, one moiety to John Newneham, chaplain, celebrating at the altar of St. Mary, and his successors towards sustaining the service of St. Mary, and the other moiety in alms to the poor. I have given the substance of this deed somewhat at length, as depicting an order of things long since gone by. The cryer going round the town and summoning the faithful to pray for the repose of the deceased,1 is, perhaps, faintly represented in the " passing bell " of modern times.
ROMALDKSH AM, ok BAkKKk STRKKT. If we might, believe William Baxter, the antiquary, the original name of BARKER STREET was Baxter Street, derived
1 Mr. Hamper gives me the form of it, from a chantry roll of Birmingham, in 18 Henry VII., was :- " For all the sowlrs that god wolde have prayed fore, ye shall st y a pater noster, and an ave lor charitc."
THE TOPOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF SHREWSBURY. 33 I
from the head branch of his family, which ended in an heiress married to a person of the name of Barker. But all Mr. Baxter's genealogical assertions seem the wildest reveries, with scarcely an admixture of truth. I have met with nothing which lends the slightest support to this derivation, and, 111 fact, we know that Baxter's Row was in another part of the town. The earliest name I have found of this street is Riimaldesham} St. Rumbold was a Saxon saint, a very young one ; for he died at the end of three days : but not till he had directed himself to be baptised, and appointed an enormous hollow stone for his font ! (See Lambarde's Kent, sub Boxley, 233). Such were the senseless fictions which an absence of enquiry and opposition, emboldened an interested clergy to impose upon an unlettered people! If this part of the town was called Rumaldisham in honour of this infant saint, he was held in veneration here in the Saxon times : for Thoret de Wrochecester, who gave it by that name to the Abbey, to make there a garden, was among their earliest benefactors, a Saxon gentleman in the days of the Con- fessor, and that the name has reference to the saint is plain, because the gate at the bottom of the street, which was standing within memory, is called 111 old deeds postcrna Sancti Romaldi."1
1 We have stated {History oj Shrewsbury, ii. , 474, n). tint this name is generally written with a b, Rarnbaldsham. This is certainly not the case. A put of this street lay in gardens in the reign of Edward III., ami one of them belonged to the family of Pride, whose mansion was on Pride Hill, Simon le Walshe and Roger tie Sansawe, chaplain, granted to Adam de Pendale in 135^ a messuage and a garden in (he street ol Rouraldesham [between a tenement formerly Thomas Colic's 011 one side, ami a tenement formerly belonging to John de Prees of Salop on the other side, and extends in length from the high- way to a garden formerly Roger Pride's. Witnesses : Thomas Gamel and William de Smelhcote, bailiffs, Thomas de Mutton, Roger de la Vate, John Colle, Roger Bonel, John Randulf, and others. Dated at Salop, Monday after the Feast of St. Thomas the Martyr, 27 Edward III. (Mytton Deeds). W. G. I). F.]
[In 1441, William Iioerley ami Isabella his wife granted to Geoffrey [name torn] a piece of land in Romalsham, between Edward Kynatlcy's tenement and another, containing in breadth between the said two tenements near the high street 21 cloth ells, and extends from the said street to a garden late William Wolrich's. Witnesses : Robert Witcombe and John (Mutton ?) bailiffs, Richard Hord, Nicholas Chetton, Thomas Forster, and others. The deed is much torn. (Mytton Deeds.) W.G.D.F.]
- 1270, Henrico cementario et uni alio ccmentario ad reparandam ct super- mandam posternam Sancti Rumoldi 3" 2'1. The Porta Sancti Romoldi is men- tioned in a deed of 1 Kdward II. (1^07).
332 THE TOPOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF SHREWSBURY.
Lower down in this street [Romaldesham], after having passed the opening to Clarimond hill, but on the same side of the way, was Herd's Hall, the residence of that ancient family from the close of the fourteenth century, to the early part of the 1 6th- Thomas Horde, great grandson of William, apparently the first who settled, in Shrewsbury, determining no longer to live here, let it, in the 4th of Henry VI II. (1 5 12- 13), to the Shoemaker's Company, reserving, however, the occupation of a bed-chamber and parlour when he should have occasion to visit Shrewsbury.
An abstract of the whole demise will be no incurious illus- tration of the accommodations expected by a country gentle- man of large fortune in that age: — 30 Jan. 4 Henry VIII. (15 12-13), Thomas Hoorde of Brugenorthe, Esquire, son and heir of John Hoorde, and Alice his mother, demise to Maurice ap John and John Pikford, wardens of the art of [tanners?] (alutariorum)1 or cordwanars of Salop, and the whole Society or Brotherhood of the said art, their two tenements lying together in the street called Romaldesham, late in the holding of Thomas Hare, couper, and Richard Smith, bochoure, together with a certain entry (introitus), of the breadth of about three king's yards (virgarum regahum), reaching from another street called Cleremonut to the greater of the said two tenements, to wit, between the tenements of the heirs of John Wynnes, these which are holden of the said Thomas and Alice Hoorde.
Further, the said lessors demise to the said company a pasture, with certain gardens adjoining, without the walls of the town, and late in the holding of the heirs of Roger Montgomery : Which tenement and entry lye in breadth be- tween the said street of Cleremonut, and the land of Richard Lister, by the space of forty-six king's yards, and the 3d of a yard : and the tenements extend in length from the said street of Romaldsham to the land of the said lessors, now in the holding of Richard Birkdale, by the space of forty-nine king's yards: and the said pasture and gardens lye together between a lane leading from the postern of Sheplache to
1 Alutarius is interpreted a tanner. Johnson interprets a cordwainer a shoe- maker ; but a tanner is not a shoemaker, yet here they are considered synony- mous, ideo quaere.
THE TOPOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF SHREWSBURY. 333
Severn on one side, and another lane leading from the postern of Myryvans to Severn on the other side : extendunt se enim, a via extra et subtus muros ville usque predictum rivulum Sabrine— To have and to hold for 99 years : rent 25" : viz., for the greater tenement commonly called Hoords hall, with the entry to the same belonging, 8s: for the other tenement, 5": for the pasture and gardens, 12s. The com- pany also convenants that their chaplain for the time being, shall daily, during the continuance of the lease, pray in his divine services, for the good estate of the said lessors, and also of Richard Hoorde, brother oi the said Thomas, their wives and sons, while they live, for their souls after they are departed this life : and shall also cause to be celebrated yearly for their good estate while living, and souls when dead, an anniversary with six fit priests at the least, at the altar of St. Catherine, in the collegiate church of St. C had, or in the church of St. Alkmund, on die Tuesday after Michaelmas. It is also provided that the said Thomas, Alice, and Richard Hoorde, and their heirs, shall have the easement ( aisiamcn- tum) and occupation of a chamber surrounded by stone walls, and a selar or parlor with a chimney ( sclarii sive par I or ii cum camino) under the said chamber, [blank] {sic), {cum duobus lectrinis in eisdem mensibus complctis) which chamber, and selar, or parlor, are situate in the upper end of the hall or greater tenement on the south side, with free ingress and egress to the same, temporidus necessitatis vel negociationis cum coiitigerit ipsos vel heretics suos sive coram aliquem villain JSalop advenirc pro aliqiiibus urgentibus am necessariis causis ut ad assisas sessiimcs comitatu Halop, vel aliis consimiles necessarian causas. Hut the person so coming shall not continue longer than a month at a time. Provided that if the said T. A. or R., or their heirs, or any of them shall chuse to continue in the hall after reasonable notice from the wardens, and shall pay the company the reasonable costs of repairing the said hull, to be determined by two arbitrators, that then this term shall cease as touching the said hall. There is also a covenant that the said T. A. and R. shall have free ingress and egress by the said hall, whenso- ever it shall reasonably please them, as well to their orchard, as to other their buildings through and round the said hall
334 THE TOPOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF SHREWSBURY.
being. Moreover, if it shall chance them to dwell in the hall, then they shall occupy the pasture and gardens in the tenure of Roger Montgomery's heirs : paying the wardens therefore the same rent which they, the wardens, were to have paid them for the same. Company to keep and leave the premises in repair, and not to alter the foundations. Clauses of dis tress and reentry: and warranty. Witnessed 1))' William Mitton and Thomas Trentham, junior, then bailiffs, Roger Thornes, Thomas Trentham, senior, Thomas Knight, et multis aliis.
There was a Chapel of St. Mar y in this street,1 and a tene- ment called the Scliildcshat 7c - The canons of Haghmond had also considerable property here, and their leiger contains several additional particulars concerning it.
William, son of Robert Dogeinon, sells to the canons of Haghmon for 34s ad elemosinam parte sua, a messuage in Ruinaldesham, formerly holden by Alexander, son of Gau- frid. Witnessed by Robert de Solton and Warin, son of William, provosts.
Adam, baker, of Salop, grants to them a messuage in the same street, formerly holden by Turstan Hinlard : rendering to the King a halfpenny at Hochestisday. Hiis Testibus, Roberto Infante, et Reinero Ruffo prepositis.
William Grosvit for the soul of Sibil his wife, etc., grants to them duodecim numatas redditus in Salopesb. imper- petuum persolvendas de furno meo de Rumaldsham ad susten- tacionem pauperum porte. Hiis Testibus, Johanne Scimbel et Johanne filio Agnetis, prepositis Salop.
Alan Toht, son of Thodrie Tohl, by the counsel and assent of his brethren and other friends, grants to the said canons, for the soul of his father and mother, etc., a rent of I2d, for a house in R. formerly holden by his mother. John Simbel, John Poncer, provosts.
Alan, son of Gam el, of Ruinaldesham, grants to Roger, son of Reiner, of Salop, lor O marks of silver* two messuages in R», situate between the land of Martin Kempe, and that of
1 John Paunton, rector of Lyndan, had a tenement near St. Mary chapel in Rorri aide sham, in 9 Henry V. [1422].
- Thomas, de Bikedon, clerk, demises to William de Besseford, burgess of Salop, a messuage in Romaldesham called Schildeshalle. Hiis Testibus Ricardo Pride et Galfrido Rondulf, hallivis. They were bailiffs in 129c).
THE TOPOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF SHREWSBURY. 335
William Gerrard : Rendering 1 2d. yearly to Haghmon. Wit- nessed by Alan le Vileyn and Robert Pelly, provosts.
Ranulph, son of Roger Reyner, grants to Alice, relict of Thomas Reyner, a plat of land between the stone house for- merly of Roger Reyner, and the kind of Thomas Colle, and reaching in length from the king's way to the land which the said Roger's [sic] ; Rendering 1 2d. yearly to Haghmon. Hiis Tcstibus, Johanne Robert, et Johanne Gamel, tunc ballivis Salop (they were so 22 Edward I., 1293-4).
Thomas, son of William Brito grants to Haghmon to the behoof of the sick brethren in the infirmary, a rent of 6d, of a messuage in the street of Romaldesharn, which was bought of him by Philip, son of Walter, son of Fenwiii : Rendering 3d at the Nativity of the Lord, yearly to Robert, son of William : Hiis Testibus, Roger filio Pain, John filio Hugh, provosts.
The last mentioned Robert (by the name of Rob. nlius Willelmi Infantis), sells to yc same canons for 5" 8d, ye said rent of 3*. He describes the messuage to be situated inter terram que fuit Hugonis filii fratris et terrain que fuit Will- elmi, filii Petri, filii Ordwini. His deed is witnessed by Henry de Hereford and Peter Villanus, provosts of Salop.
In 17 Richard II. ( 1 393-4), William Longmon, of Salop, demises to John Hull, barker, a place in Romaldesharn, near the house formerly belonging to John Purdom, barker. It might be from this last person that the street obtained its present name.
The family of Seympere had a property in this street : Urian Seympere, chaplain, held it in 13 Edvv. IV. (1474), and Florencius Seympere, Esquire, in I Richard III., and 5 Henry VII. (1483-4 and 1489-90).
[By the will, dated in June, 1343, Juliana de Linleye of Salop gave her stone house, with a house annexed, and the reversion of a house inhabited by Sir Thomas Reyner, in the street of Romaldesharn, between a tenement of Thomas Colle and land of Waleis Geffrey, to her son Richard in tail, with remainder to her son Thomas in tail. (MyttOn Deeds).
In 1295, Alice, widow of Thomas Reyner of Salop, grants to William Prynce of Salop, a piece of land in Rom- boldesham^ lying between the stone house formerly Roger Vol. VII., ]u\ Scries. OO
336 THE TOPOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF SHREWSBURY.
Reyner's, and land of Thomas Colle. Witnesses: John de Lodelowe and Richard Stury, bailiffs, and others. This " stone house " was taken down in 1848 ; it stood on the left hand side going down Barker Street, just below Claremont Hill. (See vol. L, p. 293). Other deeds relating to property in Romaldesham will be found amongst the Cole evidences, given in 3rd Series, vol. I., pages 290 -306. — W.G.D.F.].
BELL$TONE.
A paper written in 1672, informs us that " Edward Owen, the draper, built the Stone House next to the Bent Stone Hon sc." This Bent Stone house, therefore (which was also sometimes corruptedly called the Bench Stone, see History of Shrewsbury, vol. II., p. 482), should seem to have been the western side of what is now called The Bell Stone : the lower part of which western side, opening upon the street, was, within memory, used as a warehouse ; and the upper part, or continuation of which, towards the garden (now the drawing room), is a spacious and very lofty apartment, having origin- ally had a large pointed window, now divided into two. This room has very much the character of having been formerly appropriated to the service of religion : and these premises are perhaps the concealed lands (i.e., the land which ought to have devolved to the Crown at the Dissolution), which William James and John Grey, two of the hunters after that kind of property, are found in the 14th year of Queen Eliza- beth (157 1 -2), to hold, near the Bente Stone.
Bent Stone is Blessed Stone: for Benet is Benedict,1 and this appellation proves that the large shapeless pebble in the wall, before The Bell Stone (which Mr. Phillips supposed to have been the subject of an express conveyance),2 was for- merly held in great veneration. The historian of Winchester suggested, respecting certain large stones which lye in the streets of that city (Vol. I., p. 10, 1st. Edit.), that they are British remains. We do not claim for our Bent Stone so
1 Bentley (in Staffordshire), is the lea or meadow of a Benedict. (Shaw ii., 93 )
2 Mr. Phillips, p. 145, represents the Earl of Tankerville as conveying to Thomas de Bromley, "one great hall called Chorlton Mall, and one great stone adjoining to the said hall," and hence he conjectures that '.his may be the stone so conveyed ; which would undoubtedly give an idea of its great importance. But there is no ground for this opinion. The grant to Bromley actually runs, one great stone chamber adjoining, etc., una magna camera lapidea.
THE TOPOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF SHREWSBURY. 337
great an antiquity, but we are not unwilling to conjecture, which must be owned to be not a little fanciful in the learned author referred to, that it may have represented the stone miraculously employed by St. Rumbold as font, and that The Bent Stone House was connected witn the chapel of that saint ; we do not say that it was the chapel itself : for it does not stand east and west, as churches and chapels gener- ally did. See, however, History of Shrewsbury, vol. ii., p. 475. In the bailiffs' accounts, 1589, are these entries : —
Charges etc., as at p. 18 crossed out. ... to Cisperalls. Cisperalls are pipes ; Mr. Hamper quotes to me a charter from Henry IV., to the Prior and Convent of Coventry, wherein the King mentions a Petition received from that Monastery — a notre tres excellent, etc. — setting forth that certain Persons without leave, had taken Water from their conduit by means of " Suspirales." And he adds, " To breathe a vein, i.e., to make it flow, you may remember, is a very old term for Phlebotomy."
Edward Owen, gentleman, the builder mentioned above, was bailiff in 1582, and ancestor of the Owens of Wood- house, and the Bell Stone still belongs to his descendants.
BRIDGE STREET.
About two-thirds of the way down Barker Street is a street branching off to the right hand, and leading to the new Welsh bridge ; this is now considered as also belonging to Barker Street, but anciently it was Crcpull lode, of which I have spoken above.1
[In 11 Richard II. (1387-8), John, son of John Colle of Salop, released all his interest in a tenement in Crepolustrete to Hugh de Atcherley, barker, and Agnes his wife, and to Hugh their son, and Margery and Agnes their daughters. Witnesses, Richard Sturi and William le Biriton, and others (See Vol. i, p- 298).
On the left hand side of Bridge Street going towards the Welsh Bridge, near the junction of Barker Street and Bridge Street, stood an old house called " Romboldesham Hall," the residence of the Montgomery family. The house
1 [See Vol. VI., p. 405. — W. G. I). F.]
33& THE TOPOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF SHREWSBURY.
was taken down about 1759-60. Some carved stones bearing shields of arms mark the site of this house. Close by it was St. Mary Magdalene's Chapel. (See the Transactions, 3rd Series, V., Misc. IV.)— W.G.D.F.]
Wul f win the fuller, gave to Shrewsbury Abbey, and as it seems, temp. Henry I., a mansure near St. George's bridge.
Having thus described the streets leading immediately out of Castle Street and its continuations, I shall now proceed to notice, in like manner, those which lead out of the Wile, High Street, and Mardol.
The lane leading to the Grey or Franciscan friars, in Rocque's map, FRIAR'S LANE, was anciently called Distaff lane. " Paid for pavynge in Dystaffe lane nere unto the Grey Freres Gate for twelve score yardes att id ob. the yarde xxx8 For twelve wayne loods of pempell stone for the same xii8"
(Bailiffs' Accounts, 1589).
This was, perhaps, the place mentioned in an entry on the Bailiffs' .Accounts, 1 270, Pro duobiis carat is per tres dies apud le Fr ere/ ode jod.
The gardens on the left hand are marked in Clure's view as a bowling green : and it is possible that the bowling alley above-mentioned, to which the members of the Council of Wales descended by a ladder, as is mentioned above, may have been in this spot.
It has been already observed (History of Shrewsbury, II. 464), that the meadow on the bank of the river adjoining this friary to the west, was formerly called Friar s London. The reason of this appellation eludes our research.
One of the entries copied in the page last quoted, ought to have run thus : —
In denariis solutis duobus cementariis opcr- antibus super muros ville juxta fratrcs minorcs ex opposito pasture vocate freres [ London per v dies capientibus inter se per diem xd
And there is another of the same year : Solut' Ricardo Wantenour in partem solu- tionis xiiis pro factura parcelle muri ville intra rrere London cum cement in gosso [s/Vlfact*
THE TOPOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF SHREWSBURY. 339
BEECHES LANE.
The Back Street, or Back Lane : in Rocque's plan Beaches lane ; anciently Bispestanes, Bispestan's lane, and sometimes in the Haghmond leiger, Bihistanes lane. Mr. Phillips con jectures that this was so called from being the residence of the sixteen burgesses, mentioned in Domesday, as belonging to the Bishop of Chester.
Juliana, daughter of Richard le Bulgar of Salop, releases to the canons of Haghmond, a messuage near Bispestanes, situate between the lands of Nicholas Bonel, clerk, and William le Brugge, and reaching from the king's way to the walls of Salop, lliis Testibus, Johanne Robert i et Johanne Gamel, tunc baltivis Salop : etc : Dat. et act. Salop die lune in festo beati Petri in Cathedra a'.r.r. Edw. 22, et a" d'ni MCCXCIIJ". It was probably the little lane leading from the walls to St. Chad's Churchyard, a via regia usque parvam venellam extendentem a niuro ville Salop, ad murum cimitorii ecclesie S. Cedde, near which lay the garden which Mr. and Mrs. House leased to Mr. Ottley 111 14 Ed. IV. ( 1 475), with their great tenement Under le Wyle. (Ottley Deeds).
Beeches Lane, in Rocque's plan, applies only to the lower part, as far as the turning to the right up the hill, where the Back Lane commences. But Bispestan appears to have applied to the whole distance from the east end of St. Chad's down to the walls behind the Wile.
FISH STREET.
FISH STREET, called in Rocque's plan New Fish Street, Old Fish Street being the alley running from Bermgton Square by the east end of St. Alkmund's and St. Julian's.
The abbot of I .illeshull had a house here. On the Bailiffs' Accounts 37 Henry VI., is an entry: In denanis solutis car- pentario abbatis tie Lylleshull pro regardo llli dato 111 sus- tentacionc domus sue in le Fysh-strcte, 20''. Why the bailiffs should reward the abbot's carpenter for keeping up his master's house we cannot understand.
The canons of Haghmond had also property here. It is entered in their leiger under the head of " Seint Julian's."
Nicholas Umfrey of Salop, grants to Haghmon Abbey a rent of I2d, out of the message of Adam tin" baker, between
340 THE TOPOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF SHREWSBURY.
the grantor's house, and that of Roger Rufus, near the church of St. Juliana (on the western side of the church ; margin). Roger Russel (probably the same Rufus) and William Goch, then provosts.
Tli is messuage afterwards came into the hands of Margery Bernard : as the contiguous ones did into those of Vachan and William Rondolpfe : —Bernard sold hers to William de Oteley (or Ocleye, for it is written both ways in the same deed) and Agnes his wife : who surviving her husband, dis- puted the right of the abbey to the aforesaid rent. This produced a plea in the Kings court between her and brother Gilcbcrt abbot [1241-1252], and the convent of that house ; which was at length appeased 1))' her acknowledging in the " full court of Salop," the right of the religious. Galfrid Rondolfe, Richard Borrey, then provosts.
I'h is (i.e., New Fish Street) is now used as the shambles for the country butchers, as it was in 1547, when 2d was paid by the bailiffs pro mundatione oppellarnm carnificutn sabitus cimetcrium Sancti Juliane, and can have been no very cleanly place as long ago as 1436, when an article in the Bailiffs' Accounts is pro cariagio funi del Fisshc strctc pro cominodo ville. Out of this street a flight of steps ascends on the right hand into St. Alkmund's churchyard, and the adjoining tenement to the left was formerly called the Oriel, having probably been an hostel or inn with a large, orna- mented window.
MILK STREET. MILK STREET, anciently Chaddelode} afterwards Priest's Lane} Stury close lane (and corruptly Cherry close lane), so called because it led to Stnrys close, the land which " the bailiffs and the whole community of the liberty of the town of Salop," granted in the 32d year of Edward L (1303-4), at a rent of id, to Richard, son of Richard Sturi, of Salop, " for his faith 1 ul service performed to the said community," by the name of " all that place behind the walls called la Mote of the said wall, from the gate of St. Chad (meaning, I appre-
1 38 Henry VI. (1459-60), Roger Goodbfird of Salop, Gcntylman, releases to Reginald Baker, of the same, his light in a parcel of land, late ot Edward Alton, lying in length between Prestis lane, to the garden of the vicars of St. Chad, and in hreadlh from the said vicars hall to his (the grantor's) own land.
THE TOPOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF SHREWSBURY. 341
hend, the gate at the bottom of Milk Street1) to the tene- ment of the friars minors, and extending in breadth from the wall aforesaid, to the tenement of the said Richard."
The bailiffs and community further grant that Sturi may hold the said place, " enclosed and fenced and in severalty (incliisam el ind efenso ct in separtttiohe) at all times of the year, and also all his own land, which is in breadth from the said mote to Severn, and in length from the way leading to Chaddelode to the said tenement of the friars." An im- portant privilege at a time when no landholder could make a hedge without the Royal license, lest the King's royal game should be obstructed in their feeding. Richard Sturi was manifestly a person of note : the deed is well drawn, the attestation highly honourable : viz., Sir William, abbot of Salop, and Sir Henry, abbot of Buldewas. Sir Roger de Mortuomari, Sir Fulke Lestrange, Sir William le Botyler, Sir John le Estraunge, of Little Ercalewe, Sir Richard le Har- leye, and Sir Thomas de Rossele, knights. William, son of Laurence de Lodelow, Richard Hord of Walleford, and Reginald de Charnes. (Lib. A. in seaccario Salop).
We must not omit that, in this situation, was situated the property of the husband of Milton's sister. The marriage settlement is not without its bearing on the biography of that most sublime of poets. It proves, what was not known, that his father was in very extensive business, for he had at least three clerks, and was a man of large property, for he gives his daughter a very handsome portion ; an abstract of it is therefore annexed : —
Indenture tripartite made 27 Nov. 1^23, 21 James, be- tween Edward Phillipps of London, gentleman, of iKl part, Katherine Phillipps of Shrewsbury, widow, his mother, of ye 2'1 part : John Milton, citizen and scrivener of London, and James Hodgkinson of London, gentleman, of the 3rd part, reciting that a marriage was had and solempnized be- tween the said Edward Phillipps and Anne his now wife, daughter of the said John Milton, W ho had at and beJore
1 In 32 Henry VIII. (1540), Thomas Fennymere of Great Wenlock, yeoman, son and heir of 1 horn is Kennyinere, releases lo Cath. Dudley, widow, Ins ri<.dit in a garden in Salop, leading from Mylkestrete on y1' east in length, to y" land of y1' heir of Marrhall, and now in tenure of Grulfin Lyngar.— (W. Mytton).
342 THE TOPOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF SHREWSBURY.
the ensealing of these presents, paid to Edward Phillipps £800 and upwards as a child's part and portion given to him in marriage with the said Anne, and reciting further that Edward Phillipps and Katherinc in consideration of a join- ture to be made to the said Anne, and for settling the within named messuages and lands, had agreed to suffer two re- coveries,— one of them in which Milton and Hodgkinson are to be demandants, and Edward Phillipps and Katherine ten- ants, to be concerning two messuages in Milk Street in Shrewsbury, one of them in the tenure of Katherine Phillipps and the other of them adjoining to the former in the tenure of Randall Thomas, another messuage and brew-house there- unto belonging, and another messuage and a tan-house there- unto belonging in Mardall, in the tenure of Richard Lloyd [sic], four other messuages in Doglane, in the tenures of Richard Hurst, John Sankey, and Mary Lewis, widow, an- other messuage in Shrewsbury in tenure of Philip [lussie : — and the other recovery 111 which Milton and Hodgkinson shall be demandants, and the said Edward Phillipps tenant, con- cerning a messuage or tenement with the lands, etc., there- unto belonging in Caersowse alias Caervvis in co. Mont- gomery, in the tenure of Robert Phillipps and Anne Symes, widow, Witnesses that Milton and Hodgkinson, after the suffering the recoveries, shall stand seised of the premises in Shrewsbury to the use of Katherine Phillipps for life ; re- mainder to Edward Phillipps and Anne for their lives, re- mainder to their eldest, second and other son in tail male, remainder to the right heirs of Edward and of the premises in Caersowse to the use of Edward Phillipps and Anne for their lives, remainders as above. Other usual covenants. Signed, Edward Phillipps. Seal ; A cross fleury formee en- grailed between four birds.
Sealed and delivered in the presence of
Sara Milton
John Milton, Junior
|ohn Mutton I Endorsed, Writeings of the houses in Milke Streete & sellars under the Shearman's hall.
THE TOPOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF SHREWSBURY. 343
Milk Street is now understood to reach no further than the turning down into the Back Lane ; the name of the lower part of the street having been changed by the inhabitants, about thirty years since, into Belmont.
DOG LANE and CLAREMONT.
DOGLANE, is the " common lane leading towards the chapel of Romaldesham," near which Hugh Lowe granted to Thomas Forster, draper, a tenement in Mardefole, in 6 Henry VI. (1427-8). (Rawlinson MS.) I find it called Doggelane as early as 26 Henry VI. (Halston Deeds).
Alan, abbot of Haghmon (1233- 1277), and the humble con- vent of the same place, give, grant, demise (tradiderunt) and confirm to William Gogh, clerk, of Salop, and Isota his wife, their assigns and their (the assigns) heirs, the plat of land in Salop, in the street called Hundestrete, lying between the land of William Burell, at a rent of i6d to be paid annually to the Abbot and Convent to their pietance, lor all the service and exaction which to the said Abbot & Convent pertains : saving foreign service and 3 halfpence to our Lord the King, at the term of Hokeday. Witnessed by Nicholas de Ludlow, Alan, son of Gamell, John Villan, and Richard Stury. (C.A.H.)
William Wolriche grants to Sir William Tressell, chaplain, and Hugh de Dudmeston, all his lands and tenements, rents and services in Houndstrete and Cleremont, within the town of Salop, which descended to him by inheritance, after the death of Roger Wolrich, his father, and Margaret, his mother. Witnessed by Robert de Grafton and William Biriton, then bailiffs, and dated on Wednesday before the feast of St. Gregory the Pope, 3 Henry IV. (1401-2). [Seal tricked, a
chevron between three swans. S Wolkvche.]
(From ye original in possession of Sir Thomas Wolrich, bart). (Ash 1 nolo 1 .ibr., 833).
I On 22 June, 1443, William Boer ley of Salop, and Isabella, his wife, and Agnes, daughter and heiress of the said William and Isabella, grant to Hugh Tilley of Salop, bouchor, a piece ol land in the street < alled Dogge lane, opposite land of John Gamel, occupied by Thomas Wynnes, containing in lengt h by
Vol VH., 3rd Series. PI'
344 THE TOPOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF SHREWSBURY.
the highway 12J woollen ells, and in breadth 7 ells i-J- quarter, and extends from land of the said Hugh to land lately of Simon Tour, at the rent of 2s. silver. Witnesses : Richard Boerley and John Gamel, bailiffs of Salop, Richard Hord, Thomas Forster, John Knight, and many others. Dated at Salop on the feast of St. Alban the Martyr, 21 Henry VI. (Mytton Deeds).— W.G.D.F.J. .
The old timber house on the left hand in this street, was the residence of John Hunt, uncle to the celebrated colonel of that name, ancestor of the Boreattbn family. John Hunt died in 1O31, leaving by his wife, Elizabeth Mytton, three daughters. A little further in Doglane, on the right hand side is the Baptist Chapel, erected on the site of Cole hall, or rather in the garden belonging to that house, which itself ran further back towards Hill's Lane, and of which some traces may yet be discerned. This residence of that ancient Shrews- bury family appears to have been erected a little before 1 3/ I ; the garden belonging to it was large enough to contain an oak tree of value sufficient to be an object of sale.
CLAREMONT, or CLARIMONT HlLL, as till late it was called, is a continuation of Dog Lane. William de (Taro Monte, chaplain, attests an undated deed, No. 206 in the Chartulary of the Abbey. Gaufrid the goldsmith of Salops- biri confirms to Haghmon Abbey, the grant made by Walter the goldsmith of a messuage under Cleremunde : and Agnes "relict of Adam called le Pinche," sells to Alan, son of Gamel, a curtilege " in the street of Cleremund." Both these deeds are in the chartulary of I f aghmond Abbey. Fart of this street at the upper end on the right hand side, was lying in gardens with tenters in them for stretching cloth, as late as the 2'1 of Edward VI. (1540), when Edmund Gierke, barber, conveyed to George Owen, draper, his garden at Clerymonute hyll near the wall of the town in which are now Teynter " vocat 11111 Teyn teres." It is described as lying in breadth from the garden formerly called Kynton land, now holden by Geoffrey lioyer, merchant, to the garden of the brother- hood or told oj the Trinity, and occupation of drapers, and in length Ik.ih the king's way to the l,md called Kynton land, now holden by Roger Browne. The drapers' company have
THE TOPOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF SHREWSBURY. 345
still a garden at the upper end of Claremont bill, on the right hand. The house at the upper end of the hill in one of the most commanding situations of the town, now called Clare- mont house, was built by Dr. Titus Thomas. (See Church Aston).
The new row of houses called Claremont buildings was erected in \blank\
HILL'S LAN E.
The original name of Hll-L'S LANE was, at least as early as the reign of Henry V., Knokyneslane^ afterwards Knochin Street ; its present name is derived from the line old house originally built by the family of Rowley, and from them descending by marriage to that of Hill.
[On 15 August, 141 5, Simon Toure and W illiam Toure of Salop, grant to William, son of James Boerhr, anil Isabella, his wife, and the heirs of their bodies {inter d/ia), a tene- ment in Knokynne's lane, near a tenement of Reginald Mutton, which they had of the feoffment of Margerie, widow of James Boerleie, and daughter of Roger Atte Yate, burgess of Salop. Witnesses : David Holbache and Richard Stury, bailiffs, Reginald Mutton, Nicholas Gerard, John Peerle, and others. Dated at Salop on Tuesday, the feast of the As- sumption B. Mary, 1 Henry V.
On 24 June, 1452, William Boerleie and Isabella, his wife, lease to Alice Taillor, widow of Matthew Taillor of Salop, a tenement in Knokyn's lone, lying between a tenement of William Ebory and land of the heirs of Reginald Mutton, and extends from the highway to land of John Knyght, for- merly John Hopton's, for 99 years. Witnesses : John Gamel and William Bastard, bailiffs, Richard Stury, Roger Eyton, Nicholas Stafford, Robert Thornes, Thomas Benton, and many others. Dated at Salop the feast of the Nativity of St. John Baptist, 30 Henry VI. (Mytton Deeds). — W.G.D.F.j
The house in this street on the right side of the way, re- cessed a little back, was built by John Hollings, M.D., an eminent physician, whose father, of the same profession and both his names, was contemporary at Magdalen College1 in
1 Not at Peterhouse, as the bishop's biographer asserts. Dr. Hollings was never of any college but Magdalen.
346 THE TOPOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF SHREWSBURY.
Cambridge, with the learned Bishop Cumberland, and is thus spoken of by the author of that prelate's life, prefixed to his Sanchoniatho : — " He was a physician who settled at Shrews- bury, and lived there with universal esteem to a good old age ; received in the families that were happy in his acquaintance, not only as a friend and a physician, but almost as a Good Genius. The distance of their residence did riot obliterate the disinterested affection that was between him and his friend Dr. Cumberland, which was of equal duration with their lives." This Dr. Hollings, the father, took his degree of M.D. at Cambridge in 1665. His son, born in November, 1682, took the same degree at the same college and university in 1 7 10 ; he was physician general to the army, and enjoyed very extensive practice in London. In 1734 he- spoke the Harveian oration, printed at London in the same year, with the title Status humanae naturae, pp. 48, and soon after re- tired to his native town, where he was buried at St. Chad's, May 21, 1739, leaving a son also John Hollings, physician to King George II., who took his degree of M.D. by Royal man- date at Cambridge in 1736. Dr. John Hollings the third was born here in April 1708, and survived his father only a few months, being interred at St. Chad's 11 Jan., 1739-40. His younger brother, Richard Hollings, Esquire, barrister-at-law and solicitor general to Frederick, Prince of Wales, died Dec. 7, 1741, 111 the 31st year of his age, leaving behind him a great character in his profession. The reader, it is hoped, will pardon this digression respecting so remarkable a circum- stance as three physicians of eminence, in three successive generations of the same family.
Carnarvon Lane is the last passage out of Mardol on the left hand side : it passes under a house, crosses Hill's Lane, and goes into Barker Street. It perhaps takes its name from one Lodowick Carnarvan, carpenter, whom I find living in Shrewsbury in 36 Henry VI. (1460-1).
This survey of our two principal intersecting streets, and the streets and lanes branching out of them, has now carried up through the whole town, with the exception ol Ihnirancc or Sivan lull, and College Hill.
THE TOPOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF SHREWSBURY. 347
MURIVANCE.
MURIVANCE turns up out of Carrier's Inn by the Talbot Inn, and anciently comprized Swan 1 1 ill and the lower part of College Hill, which turns out of it to the left : but the name of Murivance is now little known m common speech. It appears anciently to have been a void space within the walls : and as the void space without them, was called behind the walls, 111 Latin retro muros ; this void space -within them may have been called before the walls, in French uutr ovarii. I do not know that it was so : but I have nothing better to propose than this, which is also the conjecture of Mr. Phillips. [The original orthography is Munvaus or Murivals, corrupted to Murivans from the similarity 111 MSS. of u and n.
By deed without date, and therefore at least as early as the former part of Edward I.,1 Richard " called Schitte," of Salop, grants to Reginald Perle " for a certain sum of money " a messuage situate in the street of Murivans [between a tene- ment of the same Reginald, and a tenement of Roger le Dekene, and reaches from the high way to a tenement of Roger Pride. Witnesses: Roger Pride and Nicholas le Spicer, bailiffs, John Gamel, John Baldewyne, William le Par- menter, John Porehet, Baldewyne Garlet, and others. (Hals- ton Deeds.) And in 18 Ed. II. (1325), Juliana, his widow, re- leases her right of dower therein.
On Tuesday after the feast of St. Augustin, 17 Edward II. (May, 1 3 3_| ), Adam de Stretton of Salop, butcher, grants to Sir John Beket, chaplain, a place of land in vico de Munvaus [situate between land of the said Sir John on one side and land of the said Adam on the other side, containing in length 21 feet and reaching from the land of Sir Hugh de Bische- bury, prebendary of St. Chad's, to land of the said Adam, and contains 37 feet. Witnesses: Galfrid Roudulph and John Baldevvyn, bailiffs, William le P 'miter, Adam le Taillours, and others.] (Halston Deeds).
In 20 Edward III. (1340;, Richard, son of Richard Kecket, releases to Bogo, son of l>ogo de Lodelowe,
1 [ The date of this deed must be 1316, in which year Roger Pride and Nicholas le Spicer were bailitls. VV. (i. Q. 1\]
1
348 THE TOPOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF SHREWSBURY.
his right in a tenement in the street of Muryvals, situate between a tenement of Adam le Taillour and a tenement of Adam de Morton, which Robert de Golden, chaplain, holds, and reaches in length from the king's way to the tenement formerly the property of Adam de Stretton, butcher, and in breadth from the tenement of Adam le Taillour behind, to the garden of Master William de Appeltre, prebendary of St. Chad's. [Witnesses : John de Upton and John de Foriet, bailiffs, Richard de Atton, Hugh he, William le Taillour, William de Lynleye, Roger de Biriton, Adam le Taillour, Richard de Seton, and others. Dated at Salop, Monday after the Nativity of St. John Baptist, 20 Edward III. (Halston Deeds.)- -W.G.D.F.].
From the turning up to College hill, down to the road lead- ing from the walls towards St. Chad's new church, Murivance assumes the name of Swan Hill, from the sign of a pubhek house formerly at the corner turning down to Cross Hill : but this part of the street was anciently called Kaymcs Place, from the name, no doubt, of some early resident. Sir Thomas de Kaynys (a name not very dissimilar) occurs as rector of St. Michael's in the Castle [blank]. In the 38 of Elizabeth (1 595-6), Thomas Byston, son and heir of Ron- dulphe Byston, deceased, sold " all that orchard, garden, and parcels of ground called Kaymes orchard, lying within the walls of the town," to Thomas Edwards, Esquire. It was then, or lately had been, in the occupation of Adam Mytton, gentleman, uncle to the grantor, his mother, Eleanor Har- borne, having been the relict of Richard Bccston, grandfather of Thomas, when she married Richard Mytton, the father of Adam. In 1644 Thomas Edwards, Esquire, son of the pre- ceding Thomas, and afterwards a baronet, sold the reversion of " Keamcs orchard " to Simon Weston, from whom it passed through various conveyances to the Rev. Hugh Owen. At the bottom of Swan Hill was a passage through the wall, called " porta ex opposite Kaymes place " in lib. A., 10. The wall here fell down in 1743, to the extent of 20 yards, in consequence of the workmen digging for gravel too close to it (Phillips, p. 62). [The house on the east side of Swan Hill, witli the garden extending to Murivance, and known as
THE TOPOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF SHREWSBURY. 349
Swan Hill Court House, was at one time the property of the Marquis of Bath, and occupied by him ; it afterwards came to the Duke of Cleveland, and now belongs to Lord Barnard. It was occupied until 1866 by Dr. J. V. Arrowsmith, since by Dr. J. R. Humphreys, and now by Mrs. Humphreys.1 The house known as Swan Hid House, also on the east side of Swan Hill, and occupied by Archdeacon Maude, was at one time in the occupation of Archdeacon Owen, the historian of Shrewsbury, who collected in the garden a number of carved stones and stained glass taken from old buildings in the town.— W. G. P. F.J
College Hill, which leads from Murivance to old St. Chad's Church, was so called from the College, the residence of the canons of that collegiate establishment, which still exists, at the upper end of it, but now almost entirely modern- ized. The house at the bottom of this hill on the right hand, now the property of Thomas Loxdale, Esquire, is built on the site of the Taylors' hall. Half way up the hill on the left hand is Vaitgharis place, which extends from hence to the Market Place.
[School Lane has already been mentioned. (See Vol. V., pp. 266, 269). It was formerly known as Rattens Lane. On 25 December, 1 143, William Boerley and Isabella his wife granted to John Elsmere of Salop, carpenter, a tenement in Salop, with the garden adjoining, near R a tension?, between a tenement of John Betton on one side, and a garden which Thomas Godale holds there ot Katherine widow of Simon Tour on the other side, and which extends from the said land called Kateneslone up to a tenement of the said Katherine in which the said Thomas Godale now dwells: to hold in fee farm at the annual rent of 8s. silver. Witnesses: Richard Boerley and John Gamell, bailiffs, Thomas Forster, John Falke, John Knyght, and others. Dated at Salop on Thursday, the feast of the Nativity of our Lord, 21 Henry VI. (Mytton Deeds).
Frankwell does not come within the limits of Mr. Blakeway's papers, but there are many documents relating
1 [The late Mr. William Phillips had some notes about this house, but unfortunately he died beLre he had put them down in writing. — W. G. I). F.]
350 THE TOPOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF SHREWSBURY.
to Frankvile preserved in the Mytton Deeds. On Friday after the feast of St. Nicholas, 7 Edward 111.(1333), William Hildebrond of Salop granted to Richard de Mutton of Salop, a curtilage situate in the street of Fraunkevile between a tenement of Jevan le Harpour and a tenement of Stephen de Roshale, and extending from the highway leading towards Shelton up to Reginald le Deyer's curtilage. Nine years later, in 1342, Hildebrond quitclaimed all his interest in this curtilage to Mutton. On Monday after the feast of St. Luke, 26 Edward III. (1352), Benedicta, widow of Nicholas Wygan of Salop granted to John le Fysher of Rossale, Joan his wife, and Hugh their son, a messuage in Frankvile between a tenement of the Abbot of Haghcmon and a tenement of Roger, son of William de Bykedon, extending from the high road to the Severn. On Thursday, the feast of St. James the Apostle, 33 Edward III. (1359), Lucia, widow of William de Cayngton, granted to Thomas de Mutton a garden in Eranke- vyle, between tenements of Roger Mychel and the said Thomas, which garden belonged to John Geffrey her brother. On Sunday after the feast of St. Leonard Abbot, 34 Edward III. (1 360), Thomas Selk, son of Hugh-Selk, quit-claimed to John son of Hugh de Upton and Richard de Grafton, all his interest in 12 acres of land in the fields of Erankevile, six of which lie behind Thomas Colle's close, and the other six lie near Slachstrete ; which meadow lies near Severn bank, called Selkeys medewe ; and the croft extends from the high- way to Selkey's medewe. On Saturday after the feast of St. Augustine of the English, 51 Edward III. (1377), Benedicta, relict of John Typper of Ludlow, quit-claimed to Reginald, son of Thomas Mytton of Salop, all her right in a curtilage in Erankevile, between tenements of Roger Michel and John de Eoriete. In 19 Richard II. (1396), Richard Gudberd and William Dyer, chaplains, quit claimed to James Dyer of Salop, their interest in two tenements in Erankevyle, between Hugh de Lichefeld's tenement and St. John Baptist's Hospital. On 11 March, 35 Henry VI. (1457), Thomas Mitton granted to Deio ap Eyneon and Agnes his wife, a void piece of land in Erankevile, at the rent of 10s. silver. (Mytton Deeds. MS. No. 269 in the Shrewsbury Free Library).— W. G. D F.]
35i
THE SHROPSHIRE LAY SUBSIDY ROLL OF
1327,
With Introduction by'thk Rev. VV. G. D. FLETCHER, M.A., F.S.A.
( Concluded from 3rd Series, Vol. VI., page 252.)
With the present instalment we bring to a close this, the earliest, of the Lay Subsidy Rolls relating to Shropshire, preserved in the Public Record Office. The portion now dealt with consists of the Hundred of Overs, the town of Shrewsbury and its Liberties, and the town of Bridg- north and its Liberties. The Hundreds of Oswestry and Clun are not included in this Roll, they both being exempt from English law. A reference to the volumes of the Transactions, in which the several Hundreds are given, may be of service to students :
Bradford, 2 Series, I., 134—200.
Munslow, 2 S., IV., 287 — 338.
Purslow, 2 S., V., 343 — 362.
Chirbury, 2 S., VIII., 44 — 60.
Ford, 2 S., X., 113 — 144.
Condover, 2 S., XL, 347 — 390.
Pirnhill, 3 S., V., 55—So.
Brimstree, 3 S., V,, 237 — -252.
Stottesdon, 3 S., VI., 123 — 154.
Overs, 3 S., VII., 353—359-
Shrewsbury and Liberties, 3 S., VII., 360 — 368. Bridgnorth and Liberties, 3 S., VII., 369 — 374. There are no less than 440 places in the county contained in this Roll, and the historical notes relating to each of these places, which are entirely the work of Miss Auden, are of great value and interest.
Vol. VU„ 3rd Series. QQ
352 THE SHROPSHIRE LAY SUBSIDY ROLL OF I327.
A note at the end of the Roll states that the Taxation of all the Hundreds of Shropshire came to £"309 jos. 4 Ad ; of Shrewsbury and it's Liberties £32 5s. 4d. ; and of Bridg- north and its Liberties £10 10s. od. ; making a total sum of £352 5s. 8Jd. from the county. The Tax Rolls and the money collected w ere delivered, by Walter de Huggeford and Walter Beysyn, the taxers and collectors of this 20th granted to the King, into the Exchequer, on 9 May 3 Edward III (1329), to William de Eu'dbh, Baron of the Exchequer.
The alphabetical index of the places contained in the Subsidy Roll will be helpful to those who wish to find any particular place.
The Hundred of Overs is the tenth of the Shropshire Hundreds included in this Subsidy Roll. This and Condover are the only two of the Shropshire Hundreds which have retained their Domesday names. Overs Hundred is, for the most part, identical in extent with the Domesday Hundred of Ovres, or Ovret, because the lords of Richard's Castle had the chief manorial interest here, as well as the Hundredal Seigneury. At Domesday, Cainham, Coreley, Earls Ditton (Dodintone), Henley, St. Mary's Manor (now Lower Ledwich), and Tedenesolle (Tetshill and Marebrook), were in Overs Hundreds, but in this Subsidy Roll are not named in it. At the re-arrangement of the Shropshire Hundreds, in the time of Henry I, Earls Ditton was transferred to Stottesdon, whilst Neen Solars (formerly in Condetret Hundred), was annexed to Overs, in which Hundred its berewick Milson was placed at Domesday. After the battle of Evesham, 1265, Cainham and Coreley were exempted from Hundredal Courts by Charters; and when these franchises came to an end, these manors were not restored to Overs Hundred, but, probably by some mistake, were annexed to Stottesdon Hundred. The error still remains, and to this day Overs Hundred remains severed in two by a long strip of land, this new addition to Stottesdon Hundred. Lower Ledwich was at souk.- period unknown, but in the reign of Henry 111, detached from Overs by the Prior of Bromfield, and ultimately was annexed to Munslow Hundred. Henley was, some time in the 13th centurv, separated from Overs and connected with Ludlow Castle ;
THE SHROPSHIRE LAY SUBSIDY ROLL OF I327. 353
and only that part which is in Bitterley parish was restored to the Hundred of Overs. Tedenesolle, which was afterwards known as Tetneshull and Merebrook, or Tetneshull-under- the-Clee, is, presumably, now Tetshill and Marebrook, in Neen Solars parish.
At the Conquest, Richard fitz Scrob was the lord of Overs Hundred. He was a Norman who had settled in England in the time of Edward the Confessor, and was also lord of Burford and Richard's Castle. He was one of the few Nor- mans who were permitted to remain in England in 1052, when Earl Godwin's party procured the expulsion of the Norman settlers; and he survived the Conquest. After his death his successors gave half the Hundred to the King, and this joint jurisdiction was existing in the year 1255. Richard fitz Scrob, or Scrupe, is said to have built Richard's Castle, and he held four manors in Herefordshire, besides Burford. He was dead at the time of the Domesday Survey, when his son Osborn litz Richard held these and many other manors, and was ancestor of the de Says.
HUNDR1 DE EUERES. ];Ul Ek LliYlv.
[BITTERLEY,1 — This was held in 10S6 by Roger de Lucy under Earl Roger. Its Saxon owner was Godwin, a franklin, and in the time of King Edward the manor was valued at Ous. per annum. During the troubles of the Conquest it was hud waste, and the Domesday record values it at 40s. yearly. It was an lmuortant manor ot three hides geldable, with one team in demesne and four among the serfs and handmaids. It had a Church and priest, and 6 villeins and one Bordar with three teams and land for three teams more, and two Hayes for toiest game.
Bitterley seems to have been early held under the Lacy family by the De Scotots, one ot whom about 1 1 75 granted the Mill of Bitteiley to flaughmond Abbey. The De Scotots seem in time to have taken the name of Do bitterley. Roger de bitterley, who was Lord of Bitterley at the beginning of the 13th century, was succeeded by Stephen de bitterley, who deems frequently in local business between 1:240 and 12S0. In uob, he had license from Henry 111. to hunt in all the forests in Shropshire. He was succeeded by Roger de bitterley, who had grant of lrec warren here in 12S4, and who in 1300 was a juror on the great Lei ambulation of Shropshire Forests. In 130U, Stephen, son of Stephen de Bitterley and Agnes his wife, occur in connection with the advowson of Bitterley, and in 1 3 16 Stephen was lord of the manor, thou valued at £10 per annum. On May 30, 1324, Stephen de Bitterley and Roger de Bitterley of Asbach were summoned to attend a Council at Westminster. Roger is probably the Roger de Asbach of the Subsidy Roll.]
1 Lyton iv. 367.
354 THE SHROPSHIRE LAY SUBSIDY ROLL OF I327.
Helianor' q' fuit ux' Steph'i do Hut'lcy Rosa de Buterleye Rog' de Asshebache Joh'e Simonct' Will'o de Brompton' Ric'o Tropynel Henr' Obyn Will'o de Iluggel'g
••I
ij
vinj xviij
xi.i
ixo'
Nich'o le Clerk 1 1 tig' Walters Ric o Dod Ph'o Cissor' s'bt' ibid'm
Hug' le Frensh'
d
xviij xiij xij
xij
p' Sma xxij8
XVIIJ
NEEN SOLERS.
[Nkbn Solars.2 — At the time of the Domesday survey this manor was in the Hundred of Condctret, but it was soon after annexed to that of Overs. It was held in 1086 by Osbern fitz Richard, Lord of Richard's Castle, under the King. His tenant here was Si ward its Saxon lord, but the value of the manor had fallen from 40s. to 18s. yearly. There seems some probability that Neen had been Church land, belonging to Worcester, as Domesday records that it had never been hidaged nor paid geld. There was land for five teams. In demesne was one team and ten serfs and a mill paying a bushel of corn. Siward seems to have lost his tenancy of the manor, which in the 12th century was held by Baldwin le Tocr, who was dead before 1 190, leaving only daughteis — Tetronilla, Elena and Eustachia. Hugh de Say, then lord of Richard's Castle, granted the overlordship of Neen to Roger de Solers, who seems to have b?en of Dorston in Herefordshire. Two of the co-heiresses married members of the De Solers family, and the third a De Ereyne. In 1255, the manor (then called Nene Baldwyn) was held under William de Solers (of Dorston) by William de Clifford, Hugh de Eraxino (Freyne), and Philip de Mungumery as guardian ot the heir of William fitz Randolph de Solers. At the close of the 13th century the co- parceners held under Edmund de Mortimer, who held t tie manor and advowson. The co-parceners seems to have had severil well-to-do tenants here, one at least of whom, William de Freyne, could probably claim relationship with them.
.The Corbets of Habberley held a manor in the neighbourhood of Neen Solers known as Meebrook or as Tetneshull, which had been held in Saxon times by Siward the Franklin ]
|
s |
d |
|
|
Joh'e Corbot |
i'j |
ix |
|
Ric'o le Lepar' ... |
ij |
o'qu |
|
Joh'e Brakenhal'... |
ij |
vjqH |
|
Ric'o de Cundeleye |
ij |
|
|
Adam de Madeleye |
ij |
q" |
|
Simone fil' Rog'i .. |
U |
|
|
Joh'e Fey'saunte ... |
ij |
iij |
|
Will'o le Tayllour |
ij |
|
|
Ric'o de Cundeleye |
xviij |
|
|
Will'o de Clyffe ... |
xixqu |
|
|
Joh'e de Ree |
vijo' |
|
|
Will'o de Aula ... |
xvqu |
Will'o de Addebrugge Adam de Ree Will'mo de Frene ij Edith' de Hollone Simone de Hollone ij /Ric'o de s'bt' I Clyffe ... ibid'm 1 Simone de I Godwode
xiijdqu xv
xnj
xij
XI
p' Sma xxxiij8ob'
a Eyton iv. 291,
THE SHROPSHIRE LAY SUBSIDY ROLL OF I327. 355
ASSH' TYLSOPE.
[Nash.3 — This was held under the Barons of Burford by the Esturmi family, and under them by the tenants, who look their name from the place. Walter de Esse occurs in 1240 as holding a part of Neen Solars. He was succeeded by William de Esse, and he, in 1255, was repiesented, both at Neen and at Nash, by William de Clifford, whose name constantly appears on local juries. William de Shire took his name from a hamlet of Nash, held ip 1 272, under the Fitz Aers, of Aston Aer.
TlLSOP (Parish of Burford).4 -Tilsop was held from (the 12th century by the De Elmbridges, who took their name from a Worcestershire manor they held under the Barons of Burford. In 1255 Tilsop was held as a third of a knight's fee by Sir Ichenard de Elmbridge, and under him by Simon de Tilsop. Sir Ichenard was Succeeded by Sir Adam, and he, about 1308, by his son, Koger. Agnes de Elmbiidgc was not improbably the widow of Sir Adam. Thomas Carbonel was, probably, of the family from whom Ash ford Carbonel takes its name. They held land under the Mortimers of Richard's Castle, at a place called Overton, near Burford.]
Agn' de Elmerugge xij Will'o de Hemme xvob'
Will'o de Shyre ... ij Rad'o de Seint
Rob'to de Shyre- Owey'n ... ij qu
borne ... xv Thoin' Carbonel... xvqu
h'o de Hemme .. xviij Walt'o Sklekcbcrd
MULSTONE.
[AflLSoN.5 — In 10S6 this was a berewick of Neen Solers, but was in th e Hundred of Overs, and not in that of Oondetret. It was a manor of 3^ hides, and was worth 14s. per annum in Saxon times, but was waste when it came to the hands o( Osbern fitz Richard, and only valued at 10s. yearly at the time of the Domesday survey. It had land for 6 teams, and on it 3 radmans and 3 villeins had 3 teams. The early tenants here of the Barons of Burford took
their name lrom the place.
1255 the manor was h.Md by V\ illiam de
Milson, but he had been in ill-health for the whole year. His widow, Nichola, in 1260, claimed her right of dower in Milson. In 1287 Milson was said to be field by the heirs of William de Milson, who, apparently, were John Godard and William fitz Hugh.
In 1350 Robert Patrick had a considerable holding in Milson, and, possibly, he was connected with the Richard Paterclyve of the Subsidy Roll. Roger and Robert de Hill were, probably, of Court of Hill, and of the family of Hill so well known in later days.
William de Frene occurs in 1338 as granting lands in Milson to John Godard and Margaret, his wife.]
s d s d
ij ob' Christiana de Mul- ij q" ston' ... viijo
xvj Kic'o de Paterclyue ij
Amic' Godard Walt'o de Malleye Ric'o Bercar'
Eyton iv., 331, Eyton iv., 333. Eyton iv., 347.
356 THE SHROPSHIRE LAY SUBSIDY ROLL OF 1327.
S (1
Rog'deHull' ... xijqu
Rob'to de Hull' ... xix
Ph'o de Perye ... ij job'
Ric'o lc Moliner ... ij iij
s d
\ Wiil'o de
s'bt' I Feme ... xvj ibid'in ( Hug' de
' Lutteleye xij
p' Sma xxixs ixd
CLEOTON' ET SILUERTONE.
CLEETON.6 — Cleeton is nut mentioned in Domesday, and it is uncertain whether it belonged to one of the neighbouring manors or was omitted through some oversight. It was an independent manor in the 13th century, when it was held under the Ledwich family, by tenants taking their name (rem the place, wl o seem to have been related to the Ledwiches. John de Cleeton occurs on the jury at the assizes of 1292, and he was Lord of Cleeton in 13 16.]
[Silvington.7 — This manor, of one hide, belonged, in 1086, to the great Abbey of St. Remigius, at Rheims. Early in 1061 Aichbishop Aldred of York, had gone on a mission to Koine, and had taken with him many noble Englishmen, among them a son of Algar, Earl ol Mercia. When they were on their home- ward way, the Earl's son was taken ill, and died at Rheims, where he was buried, at his own request, in the Abbey of St. Remigius, to which he promised " cert iin vills and farms of his inheritance," which promise his father, Earl Algar, fulfilled. These estates were Lapley, Mepford, Marston, and Ridware, in Staffordshire, and Silvington, in Shropshire.
In 1086 this manor was given as one hide, on which were two ox teams. Its past and present value was ios. 8d. yearly. It is called simply the land of St. Remigius in two precepts of iienry I, dated about 1102, in ore of which he commands that the monks should hold their land in peace, and, in the second, that the Sheriffs of Staffordshire and Shropshire sh< uld not summon the monks to the Hundred or County Courts, but allow them to be represented by their bailiffs or tenants. It is called >ilvington, however, in a deed, in which Azmar, Abbot of Rheims (who resigned in 1118), granted to Ahnic, the clerk, and his wife, Edith the ville of Sdvintone for their lives for 40s., to be paid on the Feast of St. Martin. Aluric and his wife, and their sons and daughters, were to serve the monks as free men— not as villeins.
The manor was later held under the Trior of Lapley (as representative of the Abbot of Rheims), by the de Beysins. In 1255 it was in the hands of Philip le Bret, as guardian of the heir of Adam de Reysin. Hobert de Reysin was of age in 1203, when the Beysins held land under the Abbeys of Rheims and of Scez, and were also tenants of that of VVenlock, as well as holding land directly under the Crown. In 1319 Thomas de Beysin held JMlvington, but the interest of the Beysins in the manor seems to have disappeartd in 1327.
Richard de Hawkstone and his wife, Agnes, occur in 1347, in a settlement of the manor on themselves, and their son, Robert, and Sibil, his wife, and, failing heirs of Robert and Sibil, on Richard and Agnes' sons, Richard and Thomas. Roger de la More, chaplain, and Matthew, parson of the Church of St. Nicholas, of Silvington, were trustees of the manor in the matter.
The family of Stokes held land at Wheathill in the 14th century. They, probably, took the name from a hamlet of Burford.]
6 Eyton iv., 372.
7 Eyton iv., 378
THE SHROPSHIRE LAY SUBSIDY ROLL OF 1327. 357
Joh'e de Cleoton'.. Ric'o de Hauekes- ton
Ric'o in the More Rog' in the More.. Ham' de Lega ..
xvj
Joh'e de Lowe Walt'o Stokes Thorn' Budde Rog' Stokes Rog' Lyri
d
xv
XV
X X
xiij
GREOTE.
[Greet.8— This was a member of the great manor of Burford, and was held with Weston, under the barons l>y a family taking their name from the place. The first who occur arc Peter de Greet and Philip, liis son, who were living at the close of the 12th century. Philip occurs in 1221, but he was succeded before 1237 by Geoffrey de Greet, who was dead in 1243, when his widow, Agnes, claimed :i thiid of Greet us dower. He was succeeded by Peter (II), who was a knight and an important man. He was, in turn, succeeded by Geoffrey de Greet, and he, before 1308, by the Philip of the Subsidy Roll.
It is difficult to say how Richard Above-the-Town came to be so much more wealthy than any of his neighbours, unless he may have been the possessor of sheep run on the open hill. In the following century flock-masters made great fortunes by wool, but the trade had not attained large dimensions in the early 14th century.
The manor of Greet passed in 1358 from the De Greetes to the Lockardes, and in 1548, came to the Fox family by the marriage of Elizabeth Lockarde to William Fox. It was sold in 1639 to Thomas Kdwardes, who was created a baronet by Charles I. in 1O44, an 1 still remains with his descendants.]
Ph'o de Greote . . Ric'o Meyl Ric'o de 1 )odelbur Thorn' Aubyn Rob 'to Alevn
s d U
xiij
ixo' viijob' xvj o'qu
Regin' de Stoke .. Will'o Coterel .. Will'o Abboue the tonn
d Xvj ix
vij
WY'tTONK.
[ Whitton/' — This was held under the Lords of Richard's Castle by a family who took their name from the place ; but, in 1255 it was, like Stoke, in the hands of Master Simon de Radnor as guardian of the heir of William le Moneur (the Moneyer), the John le Munetor of the Subsidy Roll.
John le Blake, who occurs as juror on Burford inquests of 1274 and 1278, was descendant of William le Noir, who held i£ virgates in Rockhill, in 1237, by grant of John de Whitton.
Geoflrey de Rokhull took his name from the hamlet, which, in later years, was the home of a branch of the family of Hopton.
In later days Whitton was the home of a branch of the Charlton family ; and to them is due the erection of live fine 17th century house of W hitton Court.]
a Eyton iv. , 334. u Eyton iv., 341.
35^ THE SHROPSHIRE LAY SUBSIDY ROLL OF I327.
|
s d |
s d |
|||
|
Joh'e le Munetor ... |
xvjqu |
/Ric'o de |
||
|
Simone le Muneter |
xiij |
Lega ... |
xij |
|
|
Adam le Proude ... |
viijo' |
s'bf |
Hug' de la |
|
|
Joh'e fil' Joh'is |
ixo' |
ibid'm |
Bour ... |
X |
|
Galfr'o de Rokhull' |
X |
Will'o le |
||
|
Joh'e le Blake |
xijo' ' |
, Whyte... |
X |
|
|
Adam Godrych ... |
ixo' |
|||
|
Regin' de Assh' ... |
X |
|||
|
Will'o A bone the |
p' Sma |
xls Xjd |
touri ... ... x
BOftEFORDE.
[ BURFORD. 10— Before the Norman Conquest this manor was held by Richard fitz Scrob, one of the few Normans allowed to remain in England in 1052, when Earl Godwin's party demanded the expulsion of foreign settlers. He was Lord of Richard's Castle, which took its name from him. He was dead before icS6, and succeeded by his son Osbern, who held Rurford under the kint^ as a manor of 0$ hides geldable, with land sufficient lor 29 teams. There were two mills, rendering 12 quarters of corn, and wood capable ot fattening 100 swine, with one haye. The manor had a population of 6 serfs, 12 villeins, 3 radmans, 24 bordars, 7 coliberti (apparently sami-free tenants), and a chuich with two priests.
()sbern was succeeded by his son Hugh, and he, before 1140, by his son Osborne, who is said to have married a sister of Fair Rosamund ; and who occurs as giving a salt pit belonging to his manor of Wychbold to the nuns of God- stow. He also joined w:th Walter de Clifford, Rosamond's father, in giving the churches cf Tenbury and Rochford to the Abbey of Lyra, in Normandy. He also gave a virgate at Whitbrook. near Richard's Castle, and his mill at Wych- bold, to the canons of llaughmond. lie also gave land at Little Cotheridge to Matilda, daughter of John Paher, to be inherited by her children, or, failing them, to the canons. Matilda stood in the same relation to him as Rosamond did to King Henry. Osbern was succeeded by his brother, Hugh de Say, who married Lucy Clifford. He died in 1190, and was succeeded by his son Hugh (II), who took constant part in the wars in Wales. In 1191 he had the charge of the Castle of Norton, in Radnorshire, and he seems to have lost his lile a few years later, after the battle of Radnor. Hugh left an only daughter, Margaret, married to Hugh de Ferrars, who died in 1 204, leaving her a child- widow. King John proposed to give her and her great estates of 23 knights' fees to Thomas de Galway, afterwards Farl of Atliol, but he fell into temporary dis- grace with the King, and the heiress was won (probably by paying a heavy fine to the King) by Robert de Mortimer, who held land »n Essex, and who does not seem to have been akin to the great family of Mortimer of Wigmore. He was a faithful adherent of King John, and in July, 1213, about two years after his marriage he offered to " serve the King for a year, with nine other knights, at his own cost, if he might be quit of the debt he owed the King foi tine for having his wife." This was accepted, and he spent the next year in France with the King. In 1216 he had the grant of a weekly market, on Thursdays, at Richard's Castle and a 6 days' fair on St Owen's Day (August 26). In 1 2 19 Robert de Mortimer was dead, leaving a young son, Huj.d), and alter some four months' widowhood Margaret de Say was requested by Henry III. to take as her third husband William de Stutevill, who seems to have been one of the King's favourites, as he only gave a fine of two palfreys for his wife's great in- heritance. He seems to have had children by Margaret (who died in 1242), but
10 Eyton iv., 301.
THE SHROPSHIRE LAY SUBSIDY ROLL OF I327. 359
on his death, in 1259, lie was succeeded by his step-son, Hugh dc Mortimer, who was then 40 years old. Hugh is not to be confused with his contemporary, Hugh Mortimer of Chelmarsh, who was Sheriff of Shropshire.
Hugh, Baro 1 of Richard's Castle, took the side of the King during the troubles at the close of the reign of Henry III. In 1265 he was in charge of the King's Manor and Forest of Feckenham, in Worcestershire, and the following year he had leave to hunt the hare, fox, weasel and wild cat in any of the King's forests in Shropshire, Herefordshire, Worcestershire and Staffordshire. In 1266 he also had the grant of a market on Saturdays at Burford, ary.1 a yearly fair and tree warren at Wychbold. Hugh died in November, 1274, and was succeeded by his son Robert. He held two carueates ot [an.! in demesne at Burford, hut the barony commanded 32} knight's fees in diliercnt counties. Hugh de Mortimer, after the battle of Lvesham had obtained a grant from Henry III., making Bur- ford into a free borough, of which the burgesses paid tj Hugh and i is heirs is. for each burgage'. They were to hold them according to the law of Breteuil. then in use in the city of Hereford. The Norman town ol Breteuil seems to have served as a model for the government of towns of mixed population, and the law of Breteuil secured from exaction the trailers who brought in commodities from the outer world.
Robert de Mortimer served against Llewelyn of Wales in 1277, accompanied by 5 servientes — William and Hugh de Mortimer (possibly his brothers), Thomas tie Huntley, Philip de Stoke and Richard Carbonel. He received military sum- monses ag tin in 128.2 and 1283, and in the latter year was summoned to the Par- liament held at Shrewsbury. He died in 1287, leaving a widow, Joyce la Zouche, and two sous —Hugh and William. Hugh, his successor, was the last Baron of his line, and William inherited his mother's estates.
Hugh does not seem to have come of age till 1296, and he died in 1304 ; but during the few years of his pub'ic life he had frequent military and Parliamentary summonses. He left two daughters— Joan, aged 12, and Margaret, aged 8, in 1303. They were left motherless in 130^, when Joan was the wife of Thomas de Bick- nor, and Margaret of Geoffrey de Cornwall. The Manor of Burford was divided between these co-heiresses, who were also co-heirs to some of the estates of their kinsman, William de Mortimer, of Hamme.
Geoffrey de Cornwall, of the Subsidy Roll, was the ancestor of a long line of Barons ot Birford, several ol whom were Sheriffs of Shropshbe. The direct line ended in the reign of George I. with a daughter, who married a Lcgh, of High Legh, co. Chester [ lilakinvay^ Sheriffs, p. 72]. The barony is now in abeyance between the descendants of Joan de Mortimer (who, by her second husband, Richard Talbot, was ancestress of the Talbots of Richard's Castle), and the descendants of her sister, Margaret Cornwall].
GalfVo de Cor- Will'o le Baillyfe... xij
le ... iij Will'o do Couentr' xij
wayl<
Will'o Ledewychc xv Sibill' dc Asbh' ... ij i i i j
r Wtiio
Chamberleyn xviij
Will 0 dc Bcckclcyc xvj
Will'o dc Borcford' xvj
Joh'e Byd ... ij s'bt'
Hug' lc Mortimer ij ibid'm
Ric'o Ficas ... ij ixob'
Adam de Feme ... xiij
Will'o le Mein ... ij vj p' Sma xxiiij* ijd
Ph'o le Reue ... xij
p'b' Sma tot' Htindr' ... ... vij1' ixs xjd
pi)' Sma SnV'r' p'd'eo'r Ikindr. ... cecix1' \ iiij 'ob'
Vol. VII. , 3rd Series. RK
360
SHREWSBURY HUNDRED OR LIBERTIES.
In Domesday this Hundred js designated as the " Hundred of Shrewsbury " (Sciropesberic), and sometimes as that "of the city " (Civitatis). It paid geld upon 100 hides. Of these hides only 9] were in the country districts, leaving 90^ within the borough and its suburbs. This, as Eyton has pointed out,1 is a signal proof that the hide was sometimes a measure of comparative value, rather than of recognised arcal extent. It would be absurd to suppose that the City Liberties contained an area equal to that of Condover Hundred, and yet this must be the case if the hide consisted of a definite number of measured acres.
The Hundred of Shrewsbury came to be called at a later time the Liberties of Shrewsbury, " either because (as Owen and Blakeway tell us2), those who dwelt within its limits enjoyd the liberties conferred upon the town, or because a villein, residing therein for a year and a day, obtained his freedom."
The Liberties were extended from time to time, many manors and townships being taken from those Hundreds which bordered the borough at Domesday.
Shrewsbury Hundred, at Domesday, contained, beside the " Civitas Sciropesbei ie," the following places :— Meole Brace, St. Mary's virgatc in Meole (an estate which cannot now be identified), Monk Meole and Crow Meole, St. Alkmund's Manor (now Hencot), St. Julian's Manor (which Eyton3 con- sidered lay in the direction of Greenfields and the Old Heath), Shelton, and Sutton. In addition to these Domesday places, Owen and Blakeway4 name the following as being the " old Liberties " : — Nobould, Newton, Pulley foreign, Pulley vetus, Longner-on-Severn, Gooschill, Oxon, and Darvall (or Der- fald). King John, by charter dated 24 Eebruary, 1204-5,
1 Eyton iv., 347, note 2.
2 History of Shrewsbury, I., 86, note 2.
3 Eyton vi., 368.
4 History of Shrewsbury , I., 86, note 2.
THE SHROPSHIRE LAY SUBSIDY ROLL OF I327. 361
granted to the burgesses of Shrewsbury the town, together with the Hundred, at fee-farm for 45 marks yearly.
The Inquisition Quo Warranto of 7 Edward I. (1278), which has already been referred to at some length in the Transactions,1 shows that the Liberties were still the same. Edgebold was detached from Condover Hundred after the Battle of Evesham, 1265. It is not known 'when Pulley and Welbatch were transferred from the same Hundred, nor when Dinthill, Great and Little Hanwood, Preston Montford and Woodcote were transferred from Ruesset Hundred. Baschurch Hundred also gave up Albrighton, Albright Hussey, Astley, Berwick, Bicton, Broughton, Leaton, Up and Down Rossall, and Yorton. Albright Lee, Longner and Pimley were formerly in Recordine Hundred. Ring Henry VII., by charter dated 14 December, 1495, still further extended the boundaries of the Liberties, adding to them the vills, township or hamlets of Hadnall, Acton Reynald, Myryton (Merrington), Grinshill, Hanwood, Allerton (Alder- ton), Onslow, Preston Gobalds and Pimley. An Inquisition of the Liberties of the Town of Shrewsbury, made in 1515, and printed in the Transactions,11 throws light on their then state. ()uecn Elizabeth, by charter dated 2 April, 1586, added the parish of Holy Cross and St. Giles. And so the Liberties continued until the Municipal Reform Act of 1835 restricted the jurisdiction of the mayor, aldermen and bur- gesses to the Parliamentary boundary of the borough, as fixed by the Act 2 and 3 William IV., cap. 64.
The places dealt with in this Subsidy Roll of 1327 are the town of Shrewsbury, the Eoreign Liberties, Shelton, Edge- bald, Meole Brace, Newbold, Newton, Pulley and Sutton. What place is meant by the " Eoreign Liberties " presents some difficulty in its identification ; but the Abbot of Lilleshall was by far the largest taxpayer, and Miss Auden
1 3rd series, I., iSo, &c. The original of this Inquisition of 7 Edward I. is apparently lost. It is not preserved amongst the Borough Records at the Guild Hall, and it is not to be found at the Public Record Office. But there is, for tunately, a copy made by Mr. George Morris, in MS. 28, at the Shrewsbury Free Library.
a 2nd series, II., 72. A lull list of the places within the Liberties will be found in 3rd series, I., page 181.
362 THE SHROPSHIRE LAY SUBSIDY ROLL OF I327.
has shown that this makes the place to be probably either Hencot or Albright Lee, or possibly both of these places.
The names given in the Roll should be compared with the long lists of members of the Gild Merchant, contributed by the Rev. C. II. Drinkwater to various volumes of the Transactions, and particularly the voluminous Rolls of 13 18- 19. 3 Several of the persons assessed to the Subsidy are to be found in the list of bailiffs— as John Gamel, William le Parmentcr, William de Byryton, Hugh son of Robert Dun- fowe, Reginald Perle, &c., and many details about these are given in Morris's <l Provosts and Bailiffs of Shrewsbury." 1
VILLA SALOP'.
[Shkkwshury.1 —The list for the town contains 151 names, and for the various hamlets in the liberties 39, making a total of 170. Owen and blakeway, in their History of Shrewsbury, mention that on the roll of taxation of the fifteenth made in 1313, there are 189 persons taxed, which they suggest represented inhabitants of the town alone. From this list of 1327, however, it appears that (unless there had been a great diminution of population, which is unlikely), the roll included the inhabitants of the Liberties also. The Prior of St. John is the only ecclesiastic mentioned on either roll, and he is taxed the same sum (2S.) both in 1 3 1 3 and in 1327. Whether he were the head of the Hospital of St. John the Baptist in Frankvvell, or prior of the hou^e of the Knights of St. John of Jerusalem, who had a hospice in Shrewsbury seems uncertain.
The most marked feature of the Subsidy Roll for the town is, the wealth of the inhabitants as compared with those of the country. The chief men of the villages are rarely assessed at more than two or thrte shillings, while in the town many are over ten shillings, and William the Parment( r had to pay 38s. and Richard de Hulton 30s. Judging from the names common to the roll of 1313, and that of 1327, the townsmen had increased in prosperity in the interval. William the Larmenter paid 4s. to the fifteenth of the first date, and 38s. to the twentieth of 1 327. Nicholas Ive paid 5s. ad. to the fifteenth, and 10s. to the twentieth ; Richard de Hulton 10s., and 30s. ; Adam the Marechal, is. and 2s.]
S d S (1
Thorn' Ilylde- Regin' de Wenlok' xviijob'
bront ... ij Kie'o de Wcnloke ij o'qu
Nich'o le Dygher' ij Kie'o Prodoin ... xx
Adam hi' Ph'i .. viij Ph'o Bydy ... xviijo'
Alie' que |fuit] ux' Willi'o Rotar' ... xij
Tlioin' Lobart' ij Will'o de Polles-
|oh'e Muesone ... iiij vjo'(j" worth ... iiij (j"
Priore sVi Joh'is ij Thorn' lc Potter' iij v
Will'o Charite ... viij idiom' Colic ... v
;1 See jri-1 .'ius, vol. II., 65., an<i vol. Ill, ,\J .
1 See Trunsdct ions, 3rd series, vols. 1. and II., pas
1 Owen and I5lakeway\s History oj Slitewsbury, vol
s, 1 1 1 1 .
THE SHROPSHIRE LAY SUBSIDY ROLL OF I$2J. 363
|
s |
d |
|
|
Regin' lc Dyghcr' |
iii |
iiii |
|
Reg in' Carnifice |
1 1 |
|
|
Thom'de Kyhgton |
X |
|
|
Thorn' de Civile |
||
|
Tan'at' |
i j j |
j |
|
Laurenc' Fraun- ceys |
xij |
|
|
Rob'to de Wes- |
||
|
tone |
X |
|
|
Thom' Conyge... |
iij |
iiij |
|
foh'c lYch' |
1111 |
|
|
Joh'c de Lynleye |
IX |
|
|
WiU'o de Nete- |
||
|
leye |
ij |
|
|
St'ph'o dc Bessefe |
xijob' |
|
|
Rog' Hothal' |
x viij |
|
|
WiU'o lc Tayllour |
iij j |
ob'qu |
|
Rog' Michel ... |
xij |
|
|
Simone Colic |
ij |
o'qu |
|
loh'c lc Sadelar j |
viij |
|
|
Rog' Moldcsone |
iiii |
iii |
|
Rob'to de Upton' |
j |
iiij |
|
Thom' le Gloucr |
x 1 1 1 ( 1 u j 1 |
|
|
WiU'o deWyluer- |
||
|
ston' |
iiii j |
ob'qu |
|
Simone de Wen- |
||
|
loke |
iiii j |
|
|
ling' de Henne- |
||
|
cotc |
iij |
vj |
|
WiU'o de Hulton' |
iij |
vj j |
|
Adam dc Stretton* |
iiij |
|
|
Rog'o de Wythif |
XV) |
jqu .1 1 |
|
WiU'o lc Potter' |
V |
|
|
Ric'o dc Actonc |
iiii |
|
|
Joh'c Gamel |
x iii j |
|
|
Thom' Wvllesonc |
viii V 1 IJ |
|
|
Nich'o le Sadelar' |
"j |
|
|
WiU'o de Byriton' |
ij |
|
|
Laur' l*i ikot |
iiij |
()'(]U |
|
s |
||
|
Joh'e Charite ... |
V1 1 1 VIIJ |
|
|
Joh'e de Roshull' |
viii |
|
|
Willo le P'mcn- |
||
|
ter' xxx viij |
||
|
Marg' de Mone- |
||
|
ford |
viii 1 ij |
|
|
Ric'o le Barbour |
VI 11 |
|
|
Thom' de Dray- |
||
|
ton' |
\ V 1 ( ) * ( 1 u |
|
|
Ric'o dc Esthop' |
||
|
loh'c de Westbur' j |
xj |
|
|
Thom' Lauwe ... |
||
|
Ric'o de Upton'... |
iii |
|
|
Hug' fil' Rob'ti |
||
|
Dunfowe |
viij |
|
|
Joh'e de kyder- |
||
|
munstr' |
iiij |
|
|
Toh'c de lake j |
X 1 1 jo(]u |
|
|
Henr' de Prcste- |
||
|
cote |
iij |
vi |
|
WiU'o Godycr ... |
V |
|
|
Simone Duraunt |
x vijob' |
|
|
Henr de Harleyc |
viij |
|
|
Rog' dc Muridone |
||
|
Will'o le Rarbour |
iij |
iiij |
|
Henr' Charite . . . |
xvj |
|
|
Ph'o dc Benthal' |
iij |
|
|
Adenet' le Tayl- |
||
|
lour |
\ii j |
|
|
Joh'a r>orey |
i»j |
j 1 |
|
Willo de Sutton' |
ij |
V|(| ( 1 " |
|
Ric'o lc Tayllour |
>i |
on" |
|
Thom' de Co'lton |
i>i |
|
|
Will'o lUcsscd- |
||
|
body |
XX |
|
|
Will'o deGyphole |
xii |
|
|
Ric'o Styrkc |
xvj |
|
|
Adam le kynge ... |
''.i |
|
|
Adam Gylmyn ... |
iiij |
364 THE SHROPSHIRE: LAY SUBSIDY ROLL OF I327.
|
s |
d |
g |
,1 u |
||
|
Adam dc Wcolyn- |
Hug' le Spencer |
xii |
|||
|
ton' |
xiJ |
Thorn' de Cavves |
ij |
||
|
Ely a dc Hadleye |
iiij |
Rog' Mendepas... |
V |
||
|
Adam lc March- |
N ic'o le Carpenter |
X]i |
|||
|
alte' |
ij |
Ric'o de Colham |
iij |
iiij |
|
|
Thorn' Charitc ... |
xviij |
'Joh'c lc Latonner |
iij |
iiij |
|
|
Walt'o Geffrey xviij |
Joh'c dc Teukes- |
||||
|
Joh'c dc Sutton' |
V |
bur' |
ij |
||
|
Regin' P'ie ...xiiij |
Hug' I ue |
ij |
|||
|
Thorn' dc Ilarlas- |
Cristiana P'de... |
||||
|
cotc |
ij |
Hug' lc Dunfowe |
XX j |
viij |
|
|
Thorn' lc kent ... |
viij |
Will'o Glopsy . . . |
ij |
||
|
Rqb*' to dc Alde- |
Will'o Lege |
i'j |
|||
|
mer' |
xviij |
Ahc' lc Marescall' |
iij |
||
|
Will'o dc Prcs- |
WiU'o Geffrey ... |
X |
|||
|
tonc |
xvj |
Nic'o Gerard |
ij |
||
|
Magr'o Ric'o Ber- |
Rob'to la Stcor' |
iij |
|||
|
nard |
ij |
Thorn' de la Clyue |
vi |
||
|
Joh'c Apcrtc |
ij |
v.) |
Nic'o Iue |
X |
|
|
Adam dc Cap'elc |
xviijo' |
Henr' de Lydleye iiij |
|||
|
Ric'o de Cantreye |
viij |
Joh'c Cleme't ... |
xvj |
||
|
Will'o de Goldenc |
iij |
Hug' Andreu |
xij |
||
|
Adam Oldern ... |
iij |
Ric'o de Hulton' |
XXX |
||
|
Adam de Yortone |
xvj |
Joh'e le Wash' ... |
X |
||
|
Jul' lc Typpcr' ... |
iiij |
Ric'o Stury |
vj |
viij |
|
|
Rog' lc Skynner' |
U |
vj |
Thoma Chary te... |
ij |
|
|
Thorn' de Wemme |
Will'o Meynwar- |
||||
|
Carnific' |
iij |
iiij |
ynge |
viij |
|
|
Henr' lc Cok' |
XX |
Will'o le Hay ward |
iij |
||
|
Ric'o de Ellesmer' |
iiij |
Ric'o Wysdom ... |
ij |
||
|
Will'o dc Wemme |
iij |
Galfr'o Rondulfe |
iiij |
LIB'T' FORINCEC'.
[Foreign LimiRTiES.*— It is uncertain what is here intended. The Abbot of Lilleshall as owner of the property of St. Alkmund's, Shrewsbury, hud land at Albright Lee, Preston Montford, and Hencot, within the Liberties, which in 1327 were far less extensive than in the present day. Then Battlefield did not exist ; Albri^hton, Albright Hussey, Astley, Acton Reynald, Berwick, Bicton,
a ? Eyton vi., 368, and viii., 246. Blakcway's Liberties of Shrewsbury, pp. 21 and 270.
THE SHROPSHIRE LAY SUBSIDY ROLL OF 1327. 365
Broughton, C live, Griashill, Hadnal, Leaton, Onslow, I'rcston Gobalds, the two Rossalls and Sausaw were in the Hundred of I'imhill ; lietion Strange and part of iJul ley in that of Condover, and Hanwood, Woodcote and Horton in Ford Hundred. From this it would seem that these " Libertates Forinsecx" were an estate of the Abbot of Lilleshall, possibly llencot or Albright Lee, or both.]
Joh'e Dyotcsone iij Abb'tc ck; Lyllcs-
Rog' fil' Joins ... xx hull' ... xiij
Ric'o atte Walle viij
SHELTON'.
[Shelton,3 parishes of St. Julian and of St. Chad (now Oxon.), — This was held in 1086 by the Church of St. Chad, Shrewsbury, under the Bishop of Chester as if, hide. The Canons had half a team on then demesne land, which was sufficient to employ two more, and four villeins had a team and a half among them. The value of the manor, 12s per annum, had not changed from Saxon times. The records of the College of St. Ch id are not extant, but it retained a slight interest in the manor till the Dissolution.
The family of Ivon or Ive held land at Shelton at the close of the 13th century, and Roger Ivon appears as in 1305 witness of a deed lelating to land there. The Waring family were originally from Onslow, and Robert Waring was of Shelton through his marriage with Ciceley, the daughter of Thomas Goderich, who had held land there in the time of Edward 1. The Warings remained at Shelton for many generations, and added to their property there. In 1543 Adam Waring wrote an account of ''how the gret oke at Shelton standith on my ground," ami theie mentions that the '* gret mansion" of Shelton then belonged to Richard Mytton.J
s d s d
Rog' Jtion ... iij Alic' Jtionn ... viij
Rob' to Waryngc ij
EGEBALDIIHT.
[KiiGBold4 (\Ieole Brace). — This was in fo86 in the Hundred of Condover. It belonged in Saxon times, like Meole and Pulley, to Edith, Edward the Confessor's Queen, and was valued at 40s but during the troubles of the Conquest, it became waste. In I0F6, it was held under Ralph de Mortimer by a free man, who paid a yearly rent of 8s. There was arable for two tenms and a wood capable of fattening 20 swine- It continued to be held under the over-lords of Meole, but not directly. In 1273, it was found that John, son of Roger Pride, held Edgebaldenham under Roger Sprenchose by the service of id. yearly ; that the said Sprenchose held it under Adam Hagur by I2d. yearly, and Adam under the heir of George de Cantilupe by 8s yearly, and the said heir under Roger de Mortimer, ami it belonged to the Manor of Meole. There seems to have been several small interests in the manor. In 1366 Richard de Canes of Salop, chaplain, granted to John de Upton ami Benedicta his wife, his land in Woodcote and Fdgebold.
In 1434 John Rarys of Salop claimed John Richardes of Cruckton as a Serf belonging to his manor of Edgebold. The case was tried before the bailiffs of Shrewsbury, and John Richardes was found to be a free man. In the reign of
Blakeway's Liberties of S-krewsbtui/, p. 107. Rlakeway's Liberties of Shrewsbury, p. 1S4.
3 Eyton vi. , 360.
4 Eyton vi ., 214.
366 THE SHROPSHIRE LAY SUBSIDY ROLL OF I327.
Elizabeth, John Biest of Atcham held this manor under the Earl of Arundel, and it passed by the marriage of his eldest sister and co-heiress, Anne, to Edward Cludde of Orleton, near Wrockwardine. It remained with the Cluddc family for some generations, and then passed by purchase to the Scotts of Betton. In 1672, Jonathan Scott had land at Edgebold, to which he added in 1692.
Adam litz Adam, and William fitz Adam of the Subsidy Roll, may possibly be sons ot Adam Hagur, who had an interest here in 1273, an<l William fitz Roger may be connected either wi'h Roger Bride or Roger Sprenchose.
In an undated taxation of the Town a*nd Liberties there were live tenants assessed at Edgcbold : Henry Tommcs, W illiam fitz Roger, Thomas son of Llewelyn, and Llewelyn lit/. Llewelyn and Peter litz Henry. In 158'n, in a presentment of arms and men for Newton and Edgcbold, there were again five names, George Russell, Edward Benyon, John ap Robart, William Jennins and Thomas ap Edward.]
s d s d
Will'o fil' Rog'i... ij Will'o fil' Ade ... iij
Adam fil' Ad' ... iij Petto fil' Ilcnr1... xij
Will'o fil' Ric'i ... ij vj
MEOLE BRACY.
[Meole BuAcii.8 — This manor ot three hides seems to have passed at the Norman Conquest from the Saxon Queen Edith to William Eitz Osbern, Earl of Hereford, and on the forfeiture of his son, Earl Roger de Bretolio, in 1074, to Ralph de Mortimer. In iot>6 there were three teams on the demesne land, and six serfs, loin female serfs, six villeins, and three bordars with three teams, and a radman with half a team. Nine burgesses of the town of Shrewsbuiy belonged to the manor, and there was a mill worth 20s. annually. The value of the manor had been raised from jQj a year to £13 5s. 6d.
Hugh Mortimer of Wiginore enfeoffed a knight William Mattel in Meole about 1 1 55 , and William passed on his interest here to Audulf de Bracy. This transaction was disowned by Hugh's son Roger, and a long law-suit was the result, which lasted from April, 120J, till January, 121 1. In the end Audulf de Bracy (son of the lirst of the name) was allowed his right to hold the manor under William de Cantilupe, who held under Roger de Mortimer. This arrangement held good for centuries. The last Baron Cantilupe died in 1273, and his interest in Meole went to his sister Milicent, wile of Eudo la Zouche. At his death he was said to have held Meole under Roger de Mortimer as half a knight's fee. There was a fortified building, called a " tower ' there, and other buildings, very poor, and demesne lands worth £1 gs. ad. a year. The Boscs of Hanley and Heywood within the Manor were within the Forest. The Lord of Edgebold paid 8s. rent, and there were five fret-tenants of the manor within the town of Salop. The manor was held by the La Zouche family till the reign of Henry VIII. The Bracy family also held some part of Meole in 1422 ; a manor court was held in the names of John Holland, Earl of Huntington, and William Carnoll, and Elizabeth his wife, the widow of William la Zouche. In 1537 Lord Zouche leased the castle of Meole and its rights to Arthur Mackworth, son of Thomas Mack worth, who seems to have been also connected with the neighbourhood. In 1598 the Mackworths sold the Manor of Meole and their possessions there to Thomas Edwaides ot Shrewsbury, the ancestor of the Edwardes baronets, with wdiose family it remained till 1779, when Lady Malp is, the only child and heiress of Sir Francis Edwardes, sold it to John Bather of Shrewsbury, whose descendants still possess it.
Eyton vi. 350. Blakeuay's Liter ties, p. 317.
THE SHROPSHIRE LAY SUBSIDY ROLL OF I$2J. 367
In 1327, Adulph Bracy and William la Souche both had large holdings in Meole. Walter the foreman was possibly the headman of one of them.
In 1580, 22 trained soldiers were returned at Meole, of whom Mr. Arthur Mackworth possessed a full suit of armour.]
s d s d
Madyn de Meole ij vj Walt'o le Foremo' xviij Regin' le Lutle .... xij Will'u la Souche viij
Adulph 0 le Bracy v
NEWEBOLD.
[Nobold, Meole Brace.6 — This was a member of Meole, with little or no separate history. In the early 15th century rents from " Neubold " were paid to William Venables and Isabell his wife, who held land in the Manor of Meole, under Lord Xouche, but seem to have lived in Cheshire, having a bailiff, John Schfawurden, at Meole.
Reginald le Lutle had land in Meole in 1327. Roger de Lutley, who in 1 349 was Rector of Sutton, was probably of the same family.
In 1580, ten trained soldiers were returned from Nobold, five of whom were named Downe, and two named Sherer.]
s d
Hug' de Newe- Radulph' de
bolde ... ij Nevvebolde ...
Regin' le Lutle ...
NEW ETON E.
[Newton,7 Meole Brace. — This like Nobold has little separate history from Meole, and is seldom mentioned except in connection with that manor. At the close of the 17th century Jonathan Scott bought land here from Joshua Ireland.
Newton and Kdgebold were classed together in 1580, and furnished five men, of whom only one, George Russell, possessed any weapon.
The chief house of Newton is now occupied as a farmhouse, and the former Dairy House haa now taken its place, and is known an the Day House.]
S d S d
Thorn' fil' St'ph' ij Adam fiT Dauid xj
Hug' de Neweton' xviij
POLILEYE.
[Pulley8, Meole Brace. — This was two manors in 10S6, though both parts had been held in Saxon times by the Queen Edith. One portion was held under Earl Roger by Teodulf, as three virgates of land, on which were a serf and two bordars with one ox team. The value was the tame as it had been in Saxon times, Os. annually. This part of I'ulley was in the old parish of St. Julian, and now forms part of Bayston Hill.
The other part was held under the King by Ralph de Mortimer, the Domesday lord of Meole. It was a hide and a virgate, with ploughland for five teams, (Teodulf's manor had only arable land lor one), and three
6 Eyton vi., 357.
7 Eyton vi., 357.
a Eyton vi., 212. Blakeway's /liberties, p. 371, Vol. V1L, 3rd Series. SS
d
xiij xviij
368 THE SHROPSHIRE LAY SUBSIDY ROLL OF I327.
radmans, four villeins, and five bordars had four teams. In Saxon times it had been worth 30s., but the value had risen to 40s. annually. This part ot Pulley became accounted part of Meole Brace, and passed like th.it manor 10 the De Cantilupe and De Bracy families. A family of De Poliley were early tenants here. In 1335, Philip de Pohley was found to have held 6s. yearly rent by service of keeping the King's Haye within the forest of Salop, but this may refer to the other part of Pulley. In 15 1 5, the St. Julian's part of Pulley was called a hamlet of Betton.
In 1580, 16 trained soldiers are returntd fiom Pulley within the Liberties, and seven in the other part. The n»me of Richard Betton occurs among the sixteen. He was one of six persons who had among them nearly a complete bet of armour. J
S d S d
Joh'e de Bettone Will'o Necl
Alic de Polileye.
xij
VI IJ
SUTTON K.
[Sutton." — Thi> was part of the early possessions of the Priory of Wenlock, and remained unalienated after the Nonnan Conquest. It io85 it w..s accounted a manor of one hide. Eight men,— freemen and villeins, — had four teams, and the value of the manor had ri*en from 12s. to 16s. annually. In the m ddle of the I2th century Ivo Pantulf gave the Monks of Shrewsbury land for a mill near Sutton, on the other side the stream. This gift occasioned frequent disputes between the two religious houses, as each complained of encroachments made by the water on their land. Sutton remained with Wenlock Priory till the dissolution, when it was bought by James Leveson, who sold it to John Mackworth. The Mackworths in turn sold it about 1770 to Thomas Hill ol Teen Hall, an ancestor of Lord Berwick, the present owner. Mention is made of a capital messuage at Sutton, in the 14th century, and in 1754 a manor court was held at the " Hall House of Sutton " by Mr. Mack- worth, who maintained the right of the manor bo be independent of the town jurisdiction.
The eleven sub-taxeis, or collectors, named at the end, were probably mostly Shrewsbury men, and must not be taken as belonging to Sutton.]
S
Joh'e le Reue
xviij Ric'o fil' Ric'i
s'bt' ibid'm
'Joh'e le
Car tar' Thorn le
Foremo5 Ph'o God-
beid ... Petro
Gerard Rico de
Lcton Nich'o de
Parkes
xob'
vj
vj
'Henr'
Meth' iij Ric'o
Begete' ii Alano de i'b't . Wyrcestr' x ibid'm | Joh'e
I Reygner ij Rogin' de Grafton' iij
"J
riii
p' sma xxx 11 11 v'
iiijd
u Eyton vi., 363. Blakeway's Liberties, p. 457.
369
BRIDGNORTH AND LIBERTIES.
The borough and liberties of Bridgnorth comprise the parishes of St. Leonard and St. Mary Magdalene, part of Quatford (in the Hundred of Brimstry), Quat Jarvis (in the Hundred of Stottesdon), and Romsley (in the parish of Alveley). These places correspond with those named in the Subsidy Roll of 1327, Dudmaston then mentioned being included in the parish of Quat. It is noticeable that Romsley is termed " Libertates Forinsecas " in this Roll.
It is not quite clear when these places were first included in the Liberties of Bridgnorth. Eyton thinks that the borough of Bridgnorth was probably founded when the castle was transferred from Quatford in 1101. Privileges were conferred upon its burgesses by a charter of Henry II., about the year 1 157. John gave them a second charter in
1215. An Inquisition of 1255 states that the vills of Quat, Mose and Romesley were within the Liberties, or did suit to the Hundred of Bridgnorth. The names given in the Subsidy Roll should be compared with the list of provosts or bailiffs mentioned by Eyton, several of them having held office in Bridgnorth.
Bridgnorth was formerly a Royal Peculiar, exempt from episcopal jurisdiction, and having its own ecclesiastical court and official principal. This Royal Peculiar comprised the parishes of St. Leonard, St. Mary Magdalene, and Quatford, and the liberties of Quat Jarvis and Romsley.
VILLA BE BRUGG'.
[Bridgnorth.1 —The history of the borough begins with the 12th century, when Earl RoWert de Belesme removed his (atber's borough of Quatford to the site of his new castle of Bruges. After the fill of Karl Robert it became a Royal possession. In 1 1 5 5 , it was held by Hugh de Mortimer of Wigmore against Henry II., and was besieged and t .ken by the King in person. King John was at Brug in August, 1212, and his fifth and last visit there was in
1 216, some two months before his death. Henry III. was frequently there, and Edward II. took refuge at the Castle in the troubles of the close of his reign.
The borough paid a yearly rent of ,£5 to the King in the same way that the burgesses of Shrewsbury paid £20 for their town. King John granted the
hyton i., 83, 211.
370 THE SHROPSHIRE LAY SUBSIDY ROLL OF I327.
town a charter, which other Sovereigns renewed and ratified, and the borough prospered till the time of Elizabeth, when a change of fashion in headgear caused a failure in its ch'cf trade— that of making woollen caps.
Bridgnorth was governed by two provosts, and several of those mentioned On the Subsidy Roll occur on the list of provosts.
John Glydde was Provost in 1295, 13I8 and 1334. John Rondulph in 13^3 and 1334. William de Ashbourne in 13 15. Edmund le Palmer in 1323, and burgess of the Parliament in 1315. John Cronk in 1324. Simon Dod in 1325.
.Nicholas de Pitchford whose assessment to the Subsidy is the highest in the whole of Shropshire, was Provost in 13*07, and Reginald de Legh was his fellow provost. Nicholas de Pitchford was also the chief landholder at Pitchford, and was assessed there at 14s. to the Subsidy — a very large sum among the country landowners. He was probably a descendant of a younger biarfch ot the De 1 itch ford family of Pitchford. In the 12th century Ralph de Pitchford received a giant of land in Little Brug, which he held by service of providing dry w ood for the King's chamber in Bridgnorth Castle, when he should be in those parts The prosperity of the town seems to be shown by the fact that the comparatively small estate at Little Brng was assessed at a sum of nearly three times as much as that of Pitchford.]
|
s |
d |
s |
d |
||
|
Rob'to le Fythc- |
Rog' le Fone- |
||||
|
lcr' |
xij |
car' |
viij |
||
|
Rog' de Swyney |
viij |
Rog' le Glouer'... |
xij |
||
|
Joh'o Glydde ... |
ij |
Will'o Bergham... |
iij |
||
|
Rob'to le Barbour |
vj |
Nich'o Pistore ... |
vj |
||
|
Rin'o le Potter'... |
xviij |
Will'o de Calde- |
|||
|
Joh'e Rondulfe ... |
ij |
broke |
xij |
||
|
Joh'e Bergham ... |
ij |
Rog' de Pul'ton... |
ix |
||
|
Nich'o ad Portam |
vj |
Thorn' le Glouer' |
ij |
||
|
Simone le Coup'e |
vj |
Nich'o Cheote ... |
ij |
||
|
Rog' le Longge... |
xvj |
Will'o Haket ... |
ij |
||
|
Edm' le Palmer' |
Joh'e le Dygher' |
iiij |
|||
|
Joh'e de Wygge- |
Rob'to de Caun- |
||||
|
inor' |
viij |
trcyn |
X |
||
|
I lug' Cissorc |
xij |
Rog' lc Somcry... |
vj |
||
|
Adam le Dygher' |
di' |
.mnrc' |
Will'o Bouamy... |
xij |
|
|
Rog' Suel |
di'.marc' |
Joh'e Crouk' |
X |
||
|
Hug' Pistore |
viij |
Auic' Bouche ... |
viij |
||
|
Joh'e le Barcar. .. |
vj |
Joh'a la Cokes ... |
xij |
||
|
Joh'e Tayllour ... |
xij |
Ric'o Mustard' ... |
viij |
||
|
Joh'e de Bagger- |
Joh'e de Tedc- |
||||
|
sou'e |
viij |
style |
vj |
||
|
Rob'to Wartou'e |
V |
Will'o Selymou... |
xij |
||
|
Rob'to mm ... |
vj |
Walt'o lc Palmer' |
xij |
||
|
A lie' Waas |
vj |
Regiu' Bryd |
xvj |
||
|
|oh'e Bryee |
*U |
Will'o de Eudou |
viij |
THE SHROPSHIRE LAY SUBSIDY ROLL OF I327.
371
s d s d
Hug' Woderoue viij Walt'o le Longg' xviij
Adam de Castro xx Simone Dod ... v
Will'o attc Sonde xij Rog' le Cok' ... xij
AdamdeSheymon' v Joh'e le Tayllour xvj
Will'o de la Hull' xx Joh'e de Strettone xviij
Ric'o Dod ... iiij WTalt'o Wodecot xij
Will'o de Vnder- A lie' le Palmer'... xij
don' ... xviij Regin' de Lcgh'e iiij
Ric'o Bergham . . . iiij Will'o de Asshe-
Joh'e Dod ... xij borne ... iij iiij
Retro le Mercer... xij Nich'o de PychP xl
Joh'e le Mercer... xviij Rob'to Pictore ... xij
LIB'T' FORINC REM ESLEY\
[Foueion Liberties. — Romsley2, Parish of Alveley. — This was held in Savon times by a lranklin, Achi, who was superseded at the Conquest by Walter, who held under Early Roger. The manor of one hide had plough- land for seven ox teams. There was one team in demesne, and two serfs, seven villeins, and seven bordars had three teams. 1 he manor wood was one league long by half a league wide. The value of the manor had increased from 30s. annually to 40s.
Earl Roger's tenant, Walter, was succeeded in his possessions by the Baron of Richard's Castle, who held Romsley under the King, and a family of Le Poer held under the Barons. The Le Poers (or Powers, as the name became later) held large estates under the Bishop of Worcester, and were men of note in that county. A younger branch held Romsley under the elder. In 1255 John le Poer was tenant of Romsley, under William le Poer, by service of one-fifth of knight s fee.
The name of De Vastene occurs in connection with the mam r in the 13th century.]
S d S d
Rog' le Power ... xviij Will'o Colyns ... xij
Joh'e de Vastone viij Gilb'to Hobalt' ... ix
QUATTE.
[Quatt.3— This important manor of three hides was held under Earl Roger by Outi, the Saxon franklin, its possessor before the Conquest, but he seems to have been dispossessed soon alter 1086. There was ploughland lor 12 ox- teams, and in demesne there were four, while the comparatively large popula- tion of five serfs, 19 villeins, and 14 bordars had 10 teams. In spite of this complete stocking of the manor, it had fallen in value from £6 yearly to £5. There was a mill of 2s. annual value, an acre of meadow, and a wood two leagues long and a league wide.
The manor passed into the hands of King henry L, who seems to have divided it among the three sons of Ilelgot of Stanton, the founder of Castle
2 Eyton iii., 196. ' Eyton iii.,
372 THE SHROPSHIRE LAY SUBSIDY ROLL OF I327.
Holgate. Wydo fitz Helgot granted his land here and in the Manor of Stottesden, to the Monks of Great Malvern, who retained their possessions here, which included the mill and the advowson of the Church, till the Dissolution, and a portion or the parish bears the name of Quatt Malvern to this day. Another portion of the Domesday Manor passed to a grandson (or possibly son) of another son of Helgot, Philip fit/ Helgot, who held it in 1165, by service of a knight for 40 days at Shrawardine Castle. This service was changed in 121 1 for that of providing two foot soldiers to go with the King into Wales for 40 days in time of war, one* armed with bow and arrows and the other with a lance. In 1 292 the service was said to be that of the two foot soldiers convoying the King's provisions from Brug to Shrawardyn as often as the King went into Wales. In 1305 or ly one archer is given as necessary. In that year the last heir male of the Fitz Helgots settled his estates on his great niece, Joan de Wauton, and great nephew, Roger Corbet, of Hadley. Joan sold her share about 1320 to a John de Wauton, who, in 1328, enfeoffed Richard de Wellers, in Quatt, The annual value of the manor was then and it possessed a water mill, a carucate of sandy land, imd eight meiks of rents, It was held by service of providing one loot soldier with a bow, a bolt, and an arrow, to convoy the King's stores from Brug to Shrawardyn. In 1333 Richard de Welles endowed a chaplain in the church of Quatt, with a mes- suage, six acres of land, and four merks rent. Richard cle Welles seems to have died about 1357, and the manor passed into the hands of the Mortimers of Chelmarsh, and from them to .lohn de Cressi, cousin and heir to Hugh de Mortimer. It passed from the Cressi family in the 15th century, and in the 16th was held by Richard Jervis. In 162^ Sir Thomas Jervis sold Chelmarsh and Quatt to Sir William Whitmore, of Apley.]
|
s |
d |
s |
d |
|
|
Ric'o de Welles... |
Marg' de Gatacr' |
xij |
||
|
Adam Burel |
xij |
Adam Godhyne... |
ix |
|
|
Joh'e Tandy |
X |
Joh'e atte Wode |
X |
|
|
Joh'e Jones |
viij |
Walt'o Jones |
viij |
|
|
Ric'o de Monte.. |
ix |
Osb'to le Colyar' |
vj |
DODEMASTON'.
[Dudmaston.4 — Dudmaston was the portion of the Domesday Manor of Quatt that was granted by Henry I. to Herbert fitz Helgot, who, about 1127, enfeoffed here a Norman, Heilewyn de Bouteilles, who later became known as Herlewyn de Dudmaston. ProbaUv the later De Dudmaston lords of the manor, were his descendants, but this is not certain. They held it by service of a knight for 40 days in Wales, with the King when required. Mention is made of the Mill of Dudmaston as a feature of the manor, and possibly William the Walker of the Subsidy Roll worked a fulling mill there. Hugh de Dudmaston had succeeded to the manor on the death of his father in 1305, when Hugh was a boy of 15. In 1322 he granted to John atte Pyrie, Bercar (i.e. shepherd), for a sum of money, a messuage in Dudmaston, lyiiu' between the road that led to the grantor's mill and Severns-field, and a little later he granted in the same way, to William le Walkare, land in Alton-field, and pasture for their cattle and 30 sheep, where the grantor's other free tenants had common.
Lye Hall, a part of the Dudmaston estate, was, at one time, the property of a family of De Shireford, but in the 14th century was among the possessions of the Mortimers of Chelmarsh. Constance de Mortimer was widow of Henry de Mortimer, of Chelmarsh, who died in 1317.
Eyton iii., 185.
THE SHROPSHIRE LAY SUBSIDY ROLL OF I327. 373
The family of De Euledon occurs frequently in connection with Dndmaston, and Hugh le Carter was witness, in 1322, of a deed of William de Euledon.
The daughter and heiress of H ugh de Dudnu.ston married William Woolrych, whose descendants in the male line possessed the manor till 1723, when Sir John Woolrych was drowned in the Severn, leaving his estates to his mother, frcm whom they descended to the Whitmores.J
s d s d
Hug' dcDodemas- WiU'odcEulcdon' xij
ton' ... xviij WilTo le Walcar' x
Constanc' le Morti Hug' le Cartar' ... viij
Mlt' ... ii
QUATFORD'.
[QlJATl-ORD.5 — This is placed in Dotnesd.iy with Krdington, a manor of Wen- lock Abbey in Saxon times, hut appropriated at the Conquest by Earl Roger de Montgomery. It consisted of live hides, on which there was one team in demesne, and four serfs, nine villeins, and two bordars had (hiee teams, with plough-land sufficient for eight more teams. There was a mill worth t;s. annually and a borough called Qu at ford, that paid nothing. The value ot the manor had fallen from 40s. to 30s. a year.
Earl Roger gave the manor of Millichope to Wenlock in exchange for Erd- ington, and about 1084 founded at Quatford a borough, with a castle and a collegiate church. The Earl s first wife, Mabel de Belesme, died in December, 1082, and his second mariiage probably took place the following year or early in 1084. His second wife, Adelais de Puiset, had a stormy crossing, in which a priest of her suite dreamed that he had a vision of St. Mary Magdalene, who bade hirn to tell the C> untess that as a thank-offering for her rescue from peril she should build a church in honour of St. Maiy Magdalene on the spot where she should first meet her husband, " near a hollow oak, where the wild swine have shelter."
The Earl was hunting in the Eorest of Morfe, when the Countess met him, as the vision had said, by a hollow oak. At her request he founded there a col- legiate church, which was consecrated in 1085, anc^ near lt he built himself a house and founded a borough. The importance of Quatford was short-lived, for in 1 102 Earl Robert de Belesrne built the castle of Bridgnorth and removed his father's foundation thither. The endowment of Ouatford church was trans- ferred to the six canons of St. Mary Magdalene's, Bridgnorth, and Quatford ceased to be more than a village.
The family of Goldsmith (Aurifaber) appears early in connection with Quat- ford, and members of it were among the provosts of Bridgnorth. John Auiifaber was provost in 1316, and Simon in 1327, Robert Bergham in 1327. and Henry Canne in 1325.
John at the Ship was possibly, the boatman whose fei ry formed the link with Erdington, which, to this day, is in the purish of Quatford, though on the other side of the Severn.]
S d
Joh'c atte Shype xij Ric'o Jordan ... viij
s d
Ric'o Bercar' .. xij Adamde Attcrleye vj
& Eyton i., 104.
374 THE SHROPSHIRE LAY SUBSIDY ROLL OF 1327,
s'bt ibid'm'
Ric'o
Rob't Joh'c Auri
fabro ... Henr'
Canne
xx
xvj
a'bt' ibid'm
Rob'to
Bergham Simone
Auri
fabro ... Will'o de Aldenham
p' Snr
XVI 1J
XV11J
Sina tot' taxaco'is p'd'car' villar' Smil tot' taxaco'is tarn p'd'cor'
Hundr' qam p'd'car' villar'... Sma tax' Hundr' totius com'
Sallop' ... Sma tax' vilT
Sma Smar' totius tax' tarn p'd' cor' Hundr' qam p'd'car' villar'
xlij1
XV
iiij(1
ccclij1' vs viijdob'.
cccix1' x8 iiij°ob . xlij1' xvs iiijd
ccclij1' va viijl1ob'.
[Endorsed]. — Hos Rotulos lib'arunt ad sccam ix. die Maij Anno t'cio huj' Reg' Walt'us de Huggeford et Walt'us Beycyn tax' et coll' xxrne Regi a laicis concess' in Com' Salop' anno r' sui primo et Will'us de Eudon Baro hui' Sccaij eos recep'.
SALOP.
375
INDEX OF THE PLACES NAMED IN THE SUBSIDY ROLL OF ijj;.
Abbey Foxegate 2 S. XI. 389
Abdon 2 S. IV. 519
Acton Burnell 2 S. XI. 368
Acton Reynold 3 S. V. 73
Acton Round 2 S. IV. 323
Acton Scot 2 S. IV. 312
Adderley 2 S. I. 138
Adeney 2 S. I. 175
Admaston 2 S. I. 186
Alberbury 2 S. X. 126
Albright Iliuscy, 3 S. V. 76
Albrighton 3 S. V. 250
Albrighton (Shrewsbury) 3 3. V. 77
Alcaston 2 S. IV. 313
Aldon 2 S. IV. 310
Alkington 2 S. I. 146
Allscot, 2 S. I. j86
Alveley 3 S. VI. 125
Amaston (Alberbury) 2 S. X. 123
Arscot 2 S. X. 120
Ash (Whitchurch) 2 S. I. 150
Ashlield 2 S. IV. 295
Ashford, Upper 3 S. VI. 146
Astcrley 2 S. X. 137
Asterton 2 S. V. 358
Astley 3 S. V. 80
Astley (Alveley) 3 S. VI. 126
Astley Abbots 3 S. VI. 12S
Aston (Wem) 2 S. I. 14;
Aston Ayre 3 S. VI. 138
Aston Botterel 3 S. VI, 132
Aston Pigot 2 S. VIII. 51
Asfon Rogers 2 S. VIII. 54
Atcham 2 S. I. 196
Barrow and Posenhall 2 S. IV. 331 Baschurch 3 S. V. 56 Baucot ?. S. IV. 298 Bayston 2 S XI. 388 Bearstone 2 S. I. 177 Belswardine 2 S. XI. 377 Benthall (Wenlock) 2 S. IV. 331 Benthall (Alberbury) 2 S. X. 117 Berrington 2 S. XI. 379 Berwick 3 S. V. 75 Berwick Mavison 2 S. I. 198 Besford 3 S. V. 57 Beslow 2 S. I, 145 Betton Abbots 2 S. XI. 384 Betton in Males 2 S. I. 135 Betton Strange 2 S. XI. 386
Bicton 3 S. V. 67
Binweston 2 S. VIII. 50
Bishop's Castle 2 S. V. 344
Bitterley 3 S. VII. 353
Blctchley 2 S. I. 139
Bold 3 S. VI. 137
Bolas, Great 2 S. I. 169
Bolas, Little 2 S. I. 155
Boreatton 3 S. V. 70
Bouillon 2 S. IV. J<)S
Bourton 2 S. I V. j.28
Bratton 2 S. I. 181
Bridgnorth 3 S. VII. 369
Broadstone 2 S. IV. 298
Brockton 2 S. V. 360
Brocton and Patton, 2 S. IV. 329
Bronifield 2 S. IV. 304
Bromfield, Little 2 S. IV. 306
Bromlow 2 S. VIII. 48
Brompton (Church Stoke) 2 S. VIII. 57
Bronipton (Berrington) 2 S. XL 385
Broughton 3 S. V. 79
Broughton ( Bishop's Castle) i S. V. 354
Bucknell 2 S. V. 35 S
Buildwas, Little 2 S. I. 190
Burford 3 S. VII. 358
B ur ivarton 3 S. VI. 147
Callaughton 2 S. IV. 328 Calverhall 2 S. I. 140 Cantlop 2 S. X I. 381 Cardington 2 S. IV. 314 Caus 2 !S. X. 12S Caynham 3 S. VI. 150 Caynton 2 S. I. 170 Chatwall 2 S. IV. 31s Chelmarsh 3 S. VI. 144 Cherrington 28 I. 17 1 Cheswardine 2 S. I. 166 Chetton 3 S. VI. 133 Chetwynd 2 S. I. 176 Child's Lrcall 2 S. I. 163 Chilton 2 S. XI. 3*4 Chirbury 2 S. VIII. 47 Church Aston 2 S. I. 175 Claverley 3 S. V. 242 Clee St. Margaret 2 S. IV. 296 Cleeton 3 S. VII. 356 Cleobury Mortimer 3 8 VI. 141 Cleobury North 3 S. VI. 137 Clive 3 S. V. 74
37c>
INDEX OF THE PLACES NAMED IN THE
Clottley 2 S. I. 187 Clunbury 2 S. V. 360 Clungunford 2 S. V. 346 Cold Hatton 2 S. I. 164 Cold Weston 2 S. IV. 299 Colebatch 2 S. V. 360 Colemere 3 S. V. 71 Condover 2 S. XI. 348 Coreley 3 S. VI, 149 Corfluun 2 S. IV. 299 Corfton 2 S. IV. 322 Coton (Wem) 2 S. I. 144 Cound 2 S. XI. 382 Cressage 2 S. XI. 378 Cruck Meole 2 8. X. 121 Cruckton 2 S. X. 122 Crudgington 2 8. I. 184
Darliston (Prees) 2 S. I. 142 Dawley 2 S. I. 108 Diddlebury 2 8. IV. 300 Ditton l'riors 2 8. IV. 327 Dodington 2 8. I. 146 Donington 3 S. V. 249 Dorrington (Woore) 2 S. I. 134 Downton 2 S. I. 191 Drayton, Little 2 8. I. 136 Drayton, Market 2 8. I. 137 Duddlewick, 3 8. VI. Ij8 Dudinaston 3 S. VII. 372 Duds'.on 2 S. VIII. 58
Eardir.gton 3 8. VI. 139 Easthope 2 S. IV. 319 Eaton Lonstantine 2 8. I. 189 Eaton Mascott 2 8. XI. 381 Eaton-under-Haywood 2 8. IV. 326 Edge 2 8. X. 1 19
Edgebold (Shrewsbury) 3 8. VII. 365
Edgeley (Wem) 28. 1. 146
Edgmond 2 8. I. 174
Edgton 2 8. V. 352
Edstaston 2 S. I. 144
Ellardine 2 S. I. 172
Ellerton 2 8. I. 177
Emstrey 2 8. X I. 385
Enchmarsh 2 S. IV. 315
Ercall, High 2 8. I. 199
Eudon Uurnell 3 8. VI. 1 3 1
Eudon George 3 8. VI. 148
Eyton (Atberbury) 2 8. X. 141
Eyton (Baschurch) 3 8. V. 66
Eyton (Lydbury Nortli) 2 S. V. 362
Eyton-on -Severn 2 S. I. 187
Eyton-on-the- Weald-Moors 2 S. I. 180
Faintree 3 8. VI. 136 Felhampton 2 S. IV. 314 Felton butler 3 8. V. 70 Fennymere 3 8. V. 66
Fitz 3 S. V. 64 Ford 2 S. X. 114 Frankton 3 8. V. 70 Erodes ley 2 S. XL 366
Garmston (Leighton) 2 S. I. 189 Glazeley 3 8. VI. 131 Gravenhunger 2 S. I. 134 Greete 3 8. VII. 357 Gretton 2 8. IV. 316 Grinshill 3 8. V. 73
Hadley 2 8. I. 182
Hadnall 3 S. V. 68
Hales Owen 3 8. V. 241
Hal ton 2 S. IV. 307
llanwood 2 S. X. 133
1 lai court 28. 1. 145
Harley 2 8. XL 375
Damage 2 8. XL 379
Haston 3 8. V. 69
Hatton 3 8. V. 240
llawkstone 2 S. I. 152
Heath, The (Stoke St. Milborough)
2 8. IV. 297 Heath, The (Frees) 2 8. I. 142 Hethe (? in Alkington) 2 8. I. 146 High Hatton 2 8. I. 157 Highley and Earn wood 3 8. VI. 142 Hill Halton 2 8. IV. 306 Hinstock 2 S. I. 167 Hints (Coreley) 3 8. VI. 149 llodnet 2 S. I. 153 Holgate 2 8 IV. 292 Hope 2 8. VIII. 51 Hope Baggot 38. VI. 150 Hope Bowdler 2 S. IV. 311 Hopton and Espley 2 8. I. 158 Hopton (Ness) 3 S. V. 63 Hopton Castle 2 S. V. 361 Hopton Wafers 3 S. VI. 135 Horton (Hadley) 2 S. 1. 181 Horton (Wem) 2 S. I. 143 Hughley 2 S. IV. 333 Hungry Hatton 2 8. I. 164 llunkington, 2 S. I. 195 Huntingion 3 S VI. 146
Ightfield 28. I. 141 Isombiidge 2 8. I. 170
Jay 2 8. V. 354
Kemberton 3 S. V. 251 Ken ley 2 S. XL 376 Ketley 2 8. I 183 Kinlet 3 8. VI. 145 Kinneisley 2 S. I. 184 Kinton 3 8. V. 63
SUBSIDY ROLL OF l$2J .
377
Laccn (Wem) 2 &. I. 147
Langley 2 S. XI. 373
Lea, 'J he (Pontesbury) 2 S. X. 118
Leaton ( Wrockwardine) 2 S. I. 186
Leaton 3 S. V. 79
Lee (Bishop's Castle) 2 S. V. 350
Leebotwood 2 S. XI. 362
Lee Brockhurst 2 ft. I. 152
Lee Comery 2 ft. J. 182
Leighton 2 8. I. 188
Lilleshall 2 IS. I. 179
Linches 3 S. V. 67
Linley (More) 2 ft. V. 35c
Linley 2 ft. IV. 337
Longden 2 S. X. 132
Longford 2 S. I. 1 55
Longford and Cheswell 2 ft. I. 165
Longnor 2 ft. XI. 354
Longslow 2 ft. I. 139
Loppington 3 S. V. 59
Losford (Ilodnet) 2 S. I. 152
Lowe and Ditches (Wem) 2 ft. I. 144
Ludlow 2 S. IV. 288
Lydbury North 2 ft. V. 34^
Lydham 2 S. V. 348
Lydley 2 S. IV. 315
Madeley 2 S IV 334
Marchamley 2 S. 1. 151
Marrington 2 ft. VIII. 52
Marsh (Westbury) 2 S. X 139
Marston 2 8. IV. 323
Marlon 2 S. VIII. 45
Meole Brace, 3 S. VII. 366
Merrington 3 S. V. 78
Middle 3 S. V. 60
Middleton (Chirbury) 2 S. VIII. 58
Middleton ftcriven 3 S. VI. 136
Millichope 2 S. IV. 331
Milson 3 S. VII. 355
Minsterley 2 ft. X. 1 35
Minton 2 ft. IV. 320
Monk Hopton 2 »S. IV. 327
More 2 S. V. 349
Moreton Say 2 ft. I. 139
Morton Corbet 2 S. I. 158
Morville 3 S. VI. 129
Moston 2 S. I. 153
Mucklewick 2 S. VIII. 53
Muneton 2 S. VIII. 56
Munslow 2 S. IV. 337
Myndtown 2 S. V. 356
Nash 3 S. VII. 355 Neen Savage 3 S. VI. 148 Neen Sollars 3 S. VII. 354 Neenton 3 S. VI. 151 Ness Strange 3 S. V. 62 Newbold 3 S.'VII. 367 N ewnhain 2 S. X. 118
I Newport 2 S. I. 172 I Newton 3 S. VII. 367
Norbury 2 S. V. 353
Nordley 3 S. VI. 126
Norton (Condover) 2 S. XL 388
Noiion (Culmington) 2 S. IV. 301
Norton in Hales 2 S. I. 136
Oakley 2 S. V. 350
Oldbury 3 b. VI. 1 39
Onibury and Walton 2 S. IV. 307
Onslow 3 S. V. 68
Overton 3 S. VI. 148
Peplow 2 S. I. 154
Petton 3 S. V. 7S
Pickle.sc. >te 2 S. XI. 366
Pickstock 2 S. I. 175
Pilson 2 S. I. 178
Pitchtord 2 S. XI. 371
Plash 2 b. IV. 317
Plealey 2 S. X. 120
Poleinere 2 S. X. 1 18
Pontesbury 2 S. X. 137
Pontesfoid 2 S. X. 1 19
Poynton 2 S. I. 160
Preen 2 S. XL 388
Prees 2 S. I. 1 4 1
Presthope 2 S. IV. 334
Preston Boats 2 S. I. 197
Preston Brockhurst 3 S. V. 58
Preston Gobalds 3 S. V. 77
Preston on the Wealdmoois 2 S. I. 156
Priest Weston 2 S. VIII. 49
Pulley 2 S. XI. 387
Pulley 3 S. VII. 367
Pulverbatch 2 »S. XI. 357
Quat 3 S. VII. 371 Quatford 3 S. VII. 373
Katlinghope 2 S. V. 359 Rea 2 S. I. 195 Rhyston 2 S. VIII. 57 Richard's Castle 2 S. IV. 305 Richwardine 2 S. I. 136 Ridge 3 S. VI. 152 Ritton 2 S. VIII. 56 Roden 2 S. I. 19 j Rodcnhurst 2 S. I. 193 Bodington 2 S. I. 192 Ronisley 3 S. VII. 37 1 Rorrington 2 S. VIII. 54 Rosshall 3 S. V. 67 Rosshall 3 S. V. 75 Rowton (High Krcall) 2 S. I. 171 Rowton (Alberbury) 2 S. X. 122 Rushbury 2 S. IV. 317 Ruthall 2 S. IV. 319
378 INDEX OF PLACES NAMED IN THE SUBSIDY ROLL OF l$2J.
Sanibrook 2 S. I. 178
Sandford 2 S. I. 141
Sansaw 3 S. V. 74
Sascott 2 S. X. 121
Shawbury 2 S. I. 159
Sheet, The 3 S. VI. 146
Sheinton 3 S. VI. 153
Shelderton 2 S. IV. 309
Shelton 3 S. VII. 365
Shelve 2 S. VIII. 55
Shifnal 3 S. V. 238
Shipley 3 S. VI. 153
Shipton 2 S. IV. 329
Shrawardine 3 S. V. 61
Shrawardine, Little 2 S. X. 116
Shrewsbury 3 S. VU. 362
Shrewsbury, Foreign Liberties 3 S.
VII. 364 Sibberscot 2 S. X. 121 Sibdon 2 8. V. 351 Sidbury 3 S. VI. 151 Silvington 3 S. VII. 356 Sleap 2 S. I. 184 Smethcote 2 S. XI. 365 Soulton (Wcni) 2 S. L 147 Stanton Lacy 2 S. IV. 291 Stanton Long 2 S. IV. 294 Stanton-on-IIine-Heath 2 S. I. 200 Stanwardine-in-the-Fields 3 S. V. 6j Stapleton 2 S. XL 359 Steele (Prees) 2 S. I. 145 Steventon 2 S. IV. 295 Stirchley 2 S. I. 187 Stockton 2 S. I. 177 Stokesay 2 S. IV. 308 Stoke St. Milborough 2 S. IV. 325 Stoke-upon- Tern 2 S. I. 162 Stottesden 3 S. VI. IVJ Stow 2 S. V. 35S StrefTord 2 S. IV. 313 Stretton, All, 2 S. IV. 303 Stretton, Church 2 S. IV. 302 Stretton, Little 2 S, IV. 303 Sugden 2 S. I. 193 Sutton 3 S. VII. 368 Sutton Madock 3 S. V. 246
Tasley 3 S. Vl. 140 Tibberton 2 S. I. 167 Tilley (Wem) 2 S. I. 145 Tilsop j S. VII. 355 Tilstock 2 S. I. 150 Tong 3 S. V. 248 Totterton 2 S. V. 356 Tugford 2 S. IV. 298 Tunstall 2 S. I. 136
Uckington 2 S. I. 197
Uffington 2 S. I. 191 Underton 3 S. VI. 130 Uppington 2 S. I. 196 Upton Cressett 3 S. VI. 134 Upton Magna 2 S. I. 194
Walcot (Wellington) 2 S. I. 192 Walcot 2 S. VIII. 59 Walford 3 S. V. 65 Walton (Morville) 3 S. VI. 130 Walton (Worthen) 2 S. VIII. 52 Wappenshall 2 S. I. 183 Waters Upton 2 S. I. 168 Wattlesborough 2 S. X. 124 Wellington 2 S. I. 173 Welsh Hampton 3 S. V. 72 Wem 2 S. 1. 143 Wenlock, Little 2 S. IV. 335 Wenlock, Much 2 S. IV. 324 Wentnor 2 S. V. 3^7 Westbury 2 S. X. 134 Westhope 2 S. IV. 3 jo Weston (Purslow Hundred) 2 S. V. 359 Weston-under-Red Castle 2 S. I. 151 Wheathill 3 S. VI. 132 Whitchurch 2 S. I. 148 1 Whiuingslow 2 S. IV. 311 Whitton 2 S. X. 139 Whitton (liurford) 3 S. VII. 3 = 7 Whixall 2 S. I. 148 Wiiderley 2 S. XL 361 Willey 2 S. IV. 336 Wilmington 2 S. VIII. 49 Winnington 2 S. X. 143 Winsbury 2 S. VIII. 50 Withington 2 S. I. 190 Withyford, Great 2 S. I. 161 Wixhill (Hodnet) 2 S. I. 151 Wollaston, Cheat 2 S. X. 142 Wollerton 2 S. I. 156 Wolstaston 2 S. XL 364 Wolverley (Wem) 2 S. f. 143 Woodcote and Lvnn 2 8. I. 178 Woodcote (St. Chad) 2 S. X. 133 Woodhouse (Whitchurch) 2 S. I. 149 Wooliston (Frees) 2 S. I. 142 Woore 2 S. I. 134 Worchal (? Hroughall) 1 S. I. 149 Worfield 3 S. V, 245 Worthen 2 S. VI 1 1. "45 Wotherton 2 S. VIII. 55 W rockwardine, 2 S. I. 185 Wroxeter 2 S. I. 195
I Veaton (? Eyton) 3 S. V. 76 Vockleton 2 S X. 130 Yorton 3 S. V. 79
379
SHROPSHIRE FEET OF FINES, A.D. 121S— 1248.
(Continued fro>n 3rd Scries, Vol. VI., page 17S.)
The Feet of Fines arc amongst the most important records we possess for tracing the devolution of landed property. The}' arc nominally the official memorandum of the lk finis " or end of a fictitious judicial action, but practically they arc deeds for transferring land, and very early they became a popular method of conveyance, as they ensured safety to the purchaser, a duplicate of each Fine being preserved in the custody of the King's Court.
The Shropshire Feet of Fines commence in the year 1196, and extend for a period of 600 years. Those for the reigns of Richard I. and John have already been printed in the Transactions, 2nd Series, Vol. X., pages 307 — 330. The following ones for the reign of Henry III. have been tran- scribed for the Society, from the originals preserved in the Public Record Office, by Mr. W. K. Boyd, and are in continuation of those printed in the last Volume at pages 167-178. An Index of the places mentioned in the Fines follows. W.G. D. F.
Feet of Fines, Salop. File 3. 3-32 Henry III.
32.
At Westminster, on the octaves of St. Hilary, 6 Henry III.
Between Roger, Abbot of Hales, plaintiff, and Stephen de Warcsle, deforciant of 3 carucates of land and two mills in Chattelc and Lappol. Which land and mills the aforesaid Abbot claimed to pertain to his manor of Hales. Stephen acknowledged that all the said land and mills, with all their appurtenances, pertain to the manor aforesaid, and quit- claimed them to the Abbot and his successors, for ever. For which the Abbot gave hiin 50 marks of silver.
Vol. VII., 3rd Series. UU
380 SHROPSHIRE FEET OF FINES, A.D. I2l8 — 1248.
33-
At Westminster, on the octaves of the Purification of the Blessed Mary, 6 Henry III.
Between Alan Martell, Master of the Knights Templars in England, of the one part, by Brother Hugh de Stocton, put in his place, and Roger Springehose of the other part, respect- ing common of the wood of Litlcgh. Wherefore the said Master complained that the said Roger unjustly exacted common in the wood aforesaid, inasmuch as the said Master has no common in the said Roger's land, nor does the said Roger do service to the said Master wherefore he ought to have common in the said Master's wood. And wherefore there was a plea between them in the aforesaid Court. That is to say, that the aforesaid Master granted to the said Roger the third part of all the said wood, with the appurtenances, except 12 acres. To wit, all that wood which extends from the ditch of Kemeshall unto Wisebroc, and from Wisebroc as far as Heuedsti, and from Ileuedsti as far as the ditch which is under the abler marked with a cross (sub alno crucc- signata). To have and to hold to the said Roger and his heirs in demesne, of the aforesaid Master and his successors, and the brethren of the aforesaid house of the Temple, lor ever. Rendering therefor I2d yearly for all service. And for this acknowledgment &c. the aforesaid Roger quitclaimed to the Master and his successors all right that he had or could have in two parts [two-thirds] of the said wood, and in the said 12 acres; so that the said Master and his successors may do their will with those two parts of the wood and with those 12 acres of the wood without share or common which the said Roger or his heirs could have. And the said Roger and his heirs likewise shall do their will with the said third part, except 12 acres, without share and common which the Master and his successors could have.
34-
At Westminster, on the octaves' of St. Hilary, 7 Henry III.
Between Richard de Essex and Joan, his wife, plaintiffs, and Henry de A ud ley (Audithelega), tenant of the Manor of Marchemelega, with the appurtenances. Wherefore the assize of mort dancestor was summoned between them in
SHROPSHIRE FEET OF FINES, A.D. I2l8 — 1 248. 381
the aforesaid Court. Richard and Joan quitclaimed for themselves and the heirs of Joan, to Henry and his heirs, for ever, all right and claim \vhi:h they had in all the said manor, and for this quitclaim &c. Henry gave to the said Richard and Joan 220 marks of silver. And Richard and Joan and the heirs of Joan will warrant the said manor to the said Henry against all men, for ever.
35-
At Westminster, on the morrow of St. Luke, 8 Henry III.
Between Ralph de Sam ford, plaintiff, and Henry de Dorlaueston and Agnes, his wife, tenants of 3 bovates of land in Samford. Henry and Agnes acknowledged all the said land to be the right of Ralph. For which Ralph granted to the said Henry and Agnes all the said land ; to have and to hold to the said Henry and Agnes, and to the issue of the said Agnes begotten by the said Ralph, and to their heirs, for ever. Rendering 2l1 therefor yearly at Christmas for all service, custom, and exaction. If the said Agnes shall die without heir of her bod)' the said 3 bovates, after the decease of the said Henry, shall revert to the said Ralph and his heirs quit. And, moreover, Ralph gave to the said Henry and Agnes 3 marks of silver. And for this grant Henry and Agnes quitclaimed to Ralph and his heirs, for ever, all right and claim which they had or could have in two virgates of land in Dorlaueston, concerning which there was contention between them.
36.
At Westminster, on the quindene of St. Michael, 8 Henry III.
Between Stephen Walensis, plaintiff, and Reginald de Reuulton, tenant of two virgates of land in Little Wyford, concerning which a recognition of the grand assize was summoned between them in the said Court. Stephen acknowledged all the said land to be the right of Reginald ; to have and to hold to the said Reginald and his heirs, of the said Stephen and his heirs for ever. Rendering 3s therefor yearly for all service pertaining to the said Stephen or his heirs. And the said Reginald and his heirs will acquit the said land against the chief lords of that fee for all service
382 SHROPSHIRE FEET OF FINES, A.D. I2l8 — 1248.
pertaining to the said land. And for this acknowledgment &c. Reginald gave to the said Stephen 100s sterling.
37-
At Westminster, on the morrow of All Souls, 9 Henry III.
Between Sybil de Broc, plaintiff, and Alan, Abbot of Lilleshall, deforciant of the advowson of the church of Chetinton. Wherefore the assize of last presentation was summoned between them. The Abbot acknowledged the advowson of the said church to be the right of Sybil, and quitclaimed it to her and her heirs, for ever.
38.
At Shrewsbury, at three weeks from the day of St. Michael, 11 Henry IP.
Between William, son of Achill, plaintiff, and Isabella de Taunglaunt, tenant of the vill of Beches, with the appurten- ances. Wherefore the assize of mort dancestor wis sum- moned between them. Isabella quitclaimed to Wrilliam and his heirs, for ever, all right and claim which he had in ail the said vill in the name of dower, and likewise all right and claim which she had in all the other land of Dudebir', Abbeton, and Dudinghop', which he demanded against the said William on the day this concord was made. And for this quitclaim &c. William gave and granted to the said Isabella 42s to be taken yearly all his life, at Beches, of the said William and his heirs &c. And if the said William shall make default in payment of the said 42s it shall be lawful for the said Isabella to enter on the said vill and hold it without hindrance of the said William or his heirs until full payment of the said debt.
39-
At Shrewsbury, at one month from the day of St. Michael 11 Henry III.
Between Thomas, son of Walter, plaintiff, and Edwin de Willaueston, tenant of one meadow in Schauinton. Where- fore the assize of mort dancestor was summoned between them &c. Thomas acknowledged all the said meadow to be the right of the Abbot of Cumbermere and his church of Cumbermere, as that which the said Abbot has of the gift of
SHROPSHIRE FEET OF FINES, A.D. I2l8 — 1248. 383
the said Edwin. To have and to hold to the said Abbot and his successors, and to their church of Cumbermere, of the said Thomas and his heirs, for ever. Rendering 6s therefor yearly for all service ; and for this Thomas quitclaimed to the said Edwin and his heirs, for ever, all right and claim which he had in the whole vill of Willaueston on the day that this concord was made.
40.
At Shrewsbury, on the quindene of St. Michael, n Henry III.
Between Roysia de Cokerfeld, plaintiff, and Henry de Audley (Audidclcga) tenant of the third part of the manors of Saghebure, Besseford, and Little Wytheford, with the appurtenances. Roysia quitclaimed to Henry and his heirs, for ever, all right and claim which she had in the said manors in the name of dower, and for this Henry gave her 20 marks of silver.
4?-
At Shrewsbury, at one month from the day of St. Michael, 11 Henry III.
Between Amice, who was the wife of Geoffrey Danies, plaintiff, and Nicholas Baker (Pistor), tenant of the third part of one messuage in Ludelawe. Which third part the said Amice claimed to be her reasonable dower which belongs to her of the free tenement which belonged to the said Geoffrey. Amice quitclaimed to Nicholas and his heirs, for ever, all right and claim which she had in the said messuage in the name of dower; and for this Nicholas gave her 16s 8d
42.
At Shrewsbury, on the day of the Apostles Simon and Jude, 11 Henry III.
Between Richard, son of Nicholas, plaintiff, and Stephen, Abbot of Bildewas, tenant of one wear in Swineie- Where- fore the assize of mort dancestor was summoned between them in the said Court. The Abbot acknowledged all the said wear, with the appurtenances, to be the right of the said Richard. To have and to hold to the said Richard and his
384 SHROPSHIRE FEET OF FINES, A.D. I2l8 — 1248.
heirs, of the said Abbot and his successors and their church of Bildewas, for ever. Rendering 15s therefor yearly for all service.
43-
At Shrewsbury, at three weeks from the day of St. Michael, 11 Henry III.
Between William, Abbot of Lilleshull, plaintiff, and Hugh de Aluinton and Alice, his wife, tenants of a moiety of one hide of land in Preston. Hugh and Alice quitclaimed, for themselves and the heirs of Alice, to the Abbot and his successors, and to their church of Lilleshull, for ever, all right and claim which they had or could have in all the said land, and for this the Abbot gave them 5} marks of silver.
44-
At Shrewsbury, on the quindene of St. Michael, 11 Henry III.
Between Walter, son of Otho, plaintiff, and Henry Hubaud, tenant of one virgate of land in Houerton. Where- fore the assize of mort dancestor was summoned between them. Walter quitclaimed all right to Henry and his heirs, for ever, and for this Henry gave him 2 marks of silver.
45-
At Shrewsbury, on the quindene of St. Michael, 11 Henry III.
Between William, son of Achill, plaintiff, and Geoffrey de Ledewic, tenant of half a virgate of land in Abbeton. Wherefore the assize of mort dancestor was summoned between them &c. Geoffrey acknowledged all the said land to be the right of William. To have and to hold to the said William and his heirs, of the said Geoffrey and his heirs, for ever. Rendering therefor yearly one pair of gilt spurs at the feast of St. Michael for all service. And for this William gave to the said Geoffrey 20s sterling.
46.
At Shrewsbury, on the quindene of St. Michael, 11 Henry III.
SHROPSHIRE FEET OF FINES, A.D. 12 18 1248. 385
Between William, son of Hermon, plaintiff, and Adam de Blakenheg' and Cristiana, his wife, tenants of half a virgate of land in Blakenheg'. Wherefore the assize of mort dancestor was summoned between them. William quit- claimed all right to Adam and Cristiana and the heirs of Cristiana, for ever, and for this Adam and Cristiana gave him 3 marks of silver.
47-
At Shrewsbury, on the quindene of St. Michael, n Henry III.
Between Isabella the widow (vidua), plaintiff, and Alan de Bildewas and Agnes, his mother, tenants of i .1 virgates of land in Posenhal. Wherefore the assize of mort dancestor was summoned between them &c. Isabella quitclaimed all right to Alan and Agnes and to their heirs, for ever, and for this Alan and Agnes gave her one mark of silver.
48.
At Shrewsbury, on the quindene of St. Michael, 11 Henry III.
Between Hoel, son of Robert, plaintiff, and Grant de Middelton, tenant of two virgates of land in Middelton. Wherefore the assize of mort dancestor was summoned between them in the said Court. Hoel quitclaimed all right to Grant and his heirs, for ever, and for this Grant gave him 6J marks of silver.
49.
At Lichfield, on the morrow of St. Martin, 12 Henry III.
Between Philip de Stapilton, Thomas de Costentin, and Walter, son of William, plaintiffs, by Robert de Stapilton, put in the place of the said Philip and Waiter, and Hugh de Kilpec, tenant of three parts of one knight's fee, with the appurtenances, in Pulrebech. Philip, Thomas, and Walter quitclaimed all right in the said three parts to the said Hugh and his heirs, for ever. Saving to the said Thomas and Walter their tenement, with the appurtenances, in the said manor, which they held on the day this concord was made. And for this quitclaim &c. the Slid Hugh gave and granted to the said Philip, Thomas, and Walter 50 solidates of rent in Lastes, co. Herts. To wit, of the service of Adam, son of
3'S6 SHROPSHIRE FEET OF FINES, A.D. I2l8 — 1248.
Gunnild, and his heirs two marks in respect of the tenement which they held of the said Hugh in the same vill, to wit, 31 acres of land and one mill, with the appurtenances, with the homage of the said Adam and of his heirs. And of the service of John de fonte and his heirs 15s in respect of the tenement which they held of the said Hugh in the same vill, to wit, half a virgate and 12 acres of land, with the homage of the said John and of his heirs. And of the service of Robert de La felde and his heirs Ss a/1 in respect of the tenement which they held of the said Hugh in the same vill, to wit, 21 acres of land and one grove which contains z\ acres of land, with the homage of the said Robert and his heirs. To have and to hold to the said Philip, Thomas, and Walter, and their heirs, of the said Hugh and his heirs, for ever. Rendering 6d therefor yearly for all service. And, moreover, the said Hugh gave to the said Philip, Thomas, and Walter 40 marks of silver. And this concord was made in the presence of the said Adam, John, and Robert, and they acknowledging that they owe the said services.
50-
At Shrewsbury, on the morrow of the Apostles Simon and Jude, 12 Henry III.
Between Henry de Shauinton, plaintiff, and Walter de Dunstanvill, deforciant of 4 virgates of land in Schauinton. Wherefore there was a plea of warranty of charter &c. Walter acknowledged all the said land to be the right of Henry. To have and to hold to the said Henry and his heirs of the said Walter and his heirs, for ever. Rendering half a mark therefor yearly for all service. And for this acknowledgment &c. the said Henry quitclaimed to the said Walter and his heirs, for ever, all right and claim which he had, or could have, in all the wood of Schauinton, with the appurtenances, which is called " Franchehaye," within the metes and bounds following, to wit, from " Hethelhurste Riding" as far as " Brocsich," and from " Brocsich " as far as " Risewrichtebroke." So that the whole wood of Schauinton outside the said boundaries shall remain to the said Henry and his heirs quit for ever.
SHROPSHIRE FEET OF FINES, A.D. I2l8 — 1248. 387
SI-
At Shrewsbury, on the day of the Apostles Simon and Jude, 12 Henry III.
Between Thomas, son of William, plaintiff, and Robert de Clifton and Amelina, his wife, tenants of the manor of Bedleswurthe, with the appurtenances. t Wherefore the assize of mort dancestor was summoned between them, &c. Thomas quitclaimed to Robert and Amelina, and to the heirs of Amelina, for ever, all right which he had in the said manor, and for this Robert and Amelina gave him io8 sterling.
52.
At Shrewsbury, on the morrow of the Apostles Simon and Jude, 12 Henry III.
Between Thomas Begeshour, plaintiff, and Sybil de Brocj tenant of three nooks of land in Chetinton. Sybil acknow- ledged all the said land to be the right of Thomas ; to have and to hold to the said Thomas and his heirs, of the said Sybil and her heirs, for ever. Rendering 61 therefor yearly forall service, saving foreign service. And for this acknowledg- ment, &c. Thomas gave her 5 marks of silver.
53-
At Shrewsbury, on the morrow of the Apostles Simon and Jude, 12 Henry III.
Between Robert de Clifton and Amilina, his wife, plaintiffs, and Swanilda de Betleswurth, deforciant of the customs and services which the said Robert and Amilina demanded against the said Swanilda in respect of the free tenement which she holds of them in Bedleswurtb, and which services the said Swanilda did not acknowledge to the said Robert and Amilina. And wherefore recognition of the grand assize was summoned between them in the said Court, to recognize whether the said Swanilda owes to the said Robert and Amilina, for the said tenement, the service of finding for them one horseman in the Lord the King's army in Wales, whose horse the said Robert and Amilina ought to find, as they acknowledge to them, or one horseman at the cost of the said Swanilda, as they demand from her. Robert and Amilina
Vol. VII., 3rd Series. VV
388 SHROPSHIRE FEET OF FINES, A.D. I2l8 — 1248.
quitclaimed, for themselves and the heirs of Amilina, to the said Swanilda and her heirs, for ever, all right and claim that they in all the said service which they demanded from her. And for this remise, quitclaim, &c, the said Swanilda granted for herself and her heirs that they will render 6d every year to the said Robert and Amilina for all service, at the feast of St. Michael, for the said tenement, to wit, for half a virgate of land which she held on the day that this agreement was made.
54-
At Reading, on the morrow of St. Lucy the Virgin, 12 Henry III.
Between Osbert, son of William, plaintiff, and Walter de Stirchelega, deforciant of one hide of land in Stircheley, and of one virgate of land in Dudelebiry. Walter acknowledged all the said land to be the right of Osbert. And for this acknowledgment, &c Osbert granted to Walter ail the said virgate in Dudelebiry. To have and to hold to the said Walter and his heirs, of the said Osbert and his heirs for ever. Rendering therefor yearly 16s. And moreover the same Walter shall hold all the said hide of land in Stircheley all his life, of the said Osbert and his heirs by the free service of 20s and three pennyweights of gold by the year. And after the decease of Walter all the said hide shall revert to Osbert and his heirs for ever, except half a virgate of land and one assart of the same hide, which Alexander the carpenter held, and except one croft which Maydusa held, which the same Walter and his heirs shall hold of the said Osbert and his heirs for ever. Rendering therefor yearly half a pound of cummin or 2'1 at the feast of St. Michael for all service pertaining to the said Osbert or his heirs.
SHROPSHIRE FEET OF FINES, A.D. I2l8 — 1248. 389
INDEX OF THE PLACES NAMF.D IN THE foregoing feet of fines. Henry III.
|
No. |
No. |
||
|
Abdon |
45 |
Marchamley |
34 |
|
Middleton (Chirbary) |
48 |
||
|
Beche (Culmington) |
38 |
||
|
Bedleswurth |
5i> 53 |
Overton (Richard's Castle) 44 |
|
|
Bessford |
40 |
||
|
Blakenheg |
46 |
Posenhall |
47 |
|
Preston Gobalds |
43 |
||
|
Ch'attele |
32 |
Pulverbatch |
49 |
|
Chetton |
37, 52 |
||
|
Sandford |
35 |
||
|
Diddlebury |
54 |
Shavington |
39> 5o |
|
Shawbury |
40 |
||
|
Lappol |
32 |
Stirchley |
54 |
|
Lastes (co. Heref.) |
49 |
Swinney (Broseley) |
42 |
|
Little Withiford |
3^,4° |
||
|
Ludlow |
4i |
Wooliston (Prees) |
39 |
|
Lydley |
33 |
Wythiford Little |
36> 4° |
390
SOME PROCEEDINGS AT THE SHROPSHIRE ASSIZES, 1414.
Editku by the Rev. W. G. I). FLETCHER, M A, F.S.A.
King Henry V. was at Shrewsbury in person in the summer of 1414, with his new Chief Justice, Sir W. Haukeford. In the month of April he was at Leicester, and from there he proceeded to Lichfield, where he remained for over two months, during which time he was initiated into the judicial system of the country, and heard every kind of plaint brought into his Court.1 At Shrewsbury he obtained pre- sentments from all the Hundreds of the County of Salop These are very voluminous, and of considerable interest, and give us some idea of the state of Shropshire at that period. The presentment to the King at the Salop Assizes concerning the misdeeds of Richard Peshall, of Chetwynd, has already been alluded to in the Transactions." But there were very many other presentments of no less interest, which show that murders, outrage s, and acts of violence of all kinds were prevalent in the county of Salop in the first half of the 15th century. A few of the most interesting of these presentments have been extracted by Mr. W. K. Boyd for the Society, from the original Assi/e Rolls preserved in the Public Record Office. Those now selected relate mostly to persons of some importance and standing in the county ; but it must not be forgotten that they are not one-hundredth part of the pre- sentments made to the young King at the Assizes held at Shrewsbury in 1414. We should like to show more about these cases, and how the persons presented were dealt with. What punishment was awarded to John Abrahall and his companions for murdering John Plowden, as he was going to church at Lydbury on Good Friday, 1414 ? And why did John Plowden, presumably the murdered man, fifteen years
1 Historical Collections for Staffordshire, vol. xvii., p. 4,
2 See Transact ions, 3rd Series, Vf., 224.
SOME PROCEEDING AT THE SHROPSHIRE ASSIZES, I414. 391
before, kill John Caumvile, at Ludlow ? For some reason or other Nicholas Peshall, therectorof Edgmond, had incurred the enmity of Roger Corbet, of Moreton Corbet, and so Roger in March 141 1- 12, brought an armed force of forty men to Edgmond Rectory, and drove away all his sheep and oxen, and stripped his house of all his goods and chattels and silver cups and ornaments, and carried them off. Anpther member of this family, John Corbet, of Habberley, a chaplain, was presented for abducting Amelia de la Mclle in 1409; and Roger Corbet, of Shrewsbury, for assaulting one of the collectors of the King's subsidy. Henry de Cornwall, of Catsley, assaulted and beat the parson of Saleruyen in 14 13, and the same year killed Ellis Sharp at Kinlet.
It is hoped that some further extracts from these Assize Rolls will be printed in a future volume of the Transactions.
Assize Rolls, No. 753. [1414.]
m. 2.
Let enquiry be made for the Lord the King if John Abrahall, of Irchenfeld, esquire, John Hoiamton, of Irchenfeld, " sondeour,"1 Thomas ap Richard, " sondeour," of Irchenfeld, John Pete, "sondeour," of Irchenfeld, on Friday next before the feast of Easter, called " Goodfridey,'* in the second year of the reign of King Henry V, at Lydbury, feloniously slew and murdered John Ploudon, esquire, in going to church to hear divine services in the church of the same vill.
m. 6.
Hundred of Condovere.
By Richard Songodon, Constable of Monkforiet, and his fellow constables. First inquisition.
Item, they present that John Wele, esquire, captain of Oswaster, on Sunday next after the feast of the Apostles Philip and James, in the first year of the reign of King Henry V., came to lJycheford with divers men unknown, to the
1 Sondeour, perhaps Sonder, a messenger. (Skcat's Diet, of Middle English.)
392
SOME PROCEEDINGS AT THE
number of 800, armed and arrayed in the manner of war, and took from divers tenants of Sir Hugh de Burnell, namely, from Thomas Holcct and others, divers victuals, viz., bread, ale, and cheese to the value of 100s, and their corn and grass, namely, wheat, barley, beans and peas, of the value of io11 there lately growing, depastured, trod down and consumed with horses &c. And other enormous things bcc. against the peace of the said Lord the King, not paying for the victuals aforesaid.
m. 9.
By Walter Bryd, Constable of Wenlok, and his fellows.
Item, the\' present that John Esthope, of Esthope, co- Salop, " Squyer," on Tuesday next before the feast of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary in the first year of the reign of King Henry V., at Wenlok, feloniously slew William Calweton, of Calweton. And that Richard Esthope, brother of the same John Esthope, and John Taillour, servant of the said John, were present, aiding and comforting the aforesaid John Esthope to commit the aforesaid felony.
m. 13.
By Henry Herdeley and his fellows Constables of the Hundred of Monselowe.
Hon, they present that John Plowdene, of co. Salop, esquire, and John Bole, of the same count)', " taillour," on Monday next after the feast of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary in the twenty second year of King Richard II., at Lodelowe, feloniously slew John Caumvile.
m. 15.
By Thomas Marche, Constable of Cleobury, and his fellows.
Item, they present that John Adam, vicar of the church of A Id or bury, co. Salop, " Brest," On Thursday next before the feast of Pentecost in the first year of the reign of King Henry V., feloniously carried away Sybil de Stette, at Alderbury.
SHROPSHIRE ASSIZES, I4I4
393
m. 14.
The jurors present on their oath that John Corbet, of Haberley, co. Salop, chaplain, on Monday next after the feast of St. Michael the Archangel in the nth year of King Henry IV., at 1 Liberie, feloniously carried away Alice de la Melle.
m. 16.
Constables of the Hundred of Overs, John Lye and his fellows.
Item, they present that Henry de Cornewayle, of Cattysle, co. Salop, " Squyer," and William Acton, servant of the aforesaid Henry, yeoman, with others unknown, on Friday in the first week of Lent, in the 14th year of the reign of King Henry IV., with force and arms, that is to say, with swords, bills, bows and arrows, broke the house of Richard de Welyngton, parson of the church of Salcruven, at Saleruycn, and dragged him outside his house and him did beat, wound and illtreat, against the peace <K:c.
Item, they present that Henry de Cornewaylle, of Cattysle, co. Salop, " Squyer," on Monday next after the (east of the Assumption of the Blessed Mary, in the 1st year of the reign of the now Lord the King, feloniously slew Ellis Sharp, at Kynlet, in the Court of John Cornewaille, knight, of co. Salop. And they say that tin.1 aforesaid John, the day, year and place aforesaid, was a maintainer and sustainer of the aforesaid Henry, procuring and abetting him to commit the said felony in form aforesaid.
m. 17.
By Thomas Wronnowe and his fellows Constables of the Hundred of Pymenehull.
The jurors present that Jevan ap Meueryk, " Squyer," on Wednesday next before the feast of the Ascension of the Lord in the 1st year of the reign of King Henry V., at the vill of Eton, in the high street of the same vill, feloniously slew Thomas Perkys.
m. 18.
By John Gauvill and his fellows Bailiffs &c. of the liberties. The jurors present that John Hurley the younger, of Dalcote, co. Salop, " Squyer," together with many malefac-
39 4
SOME PROCEEDINGS AT THE
tors unknown, on Monday next after the feast of St. Lawrence in the 14th year of the reign of King Henry IV., at Ludlowe, with force and arms, viz., armed with tunics, " palettes," " doublettes de defenso," and arrayed in warlike manner, lay in wait to beat or maihem William Mounselowe, of Ludlow e, against the peace &c.
Item, they present that the* aforesaid John Burley on Friday next after the feast of the Invention of the Holy Cross in the nth year of the reign of King Henry IV., having assembled with him ten other malefactors unknown, armed and in warlike manner arrayed, namely, with tunics, " palettes," " doublettes de defenso," swords, bows and arrows, at Ounebury, feloniously lay in wait of their malice and old hatred to slay and murder John Staunton, and there a long time awaiting the coming of the said John Staunton ; and perceiving that the same John would cross over from the vill of Stokesey that way to his house, and when the same John Staunton arrive 1 at the place aforesaid, suddenly the aforesaid John Hurley, with the aforesaid malefactors, made an assault on the said John with his sword drawn, and before the said John could descend from his horse the same John Burley struck the said John Staunton's horse with his sword on its hind legs, so that the same horse immediately fell to the ground, and then the same John Burley.. before the said John Staunton could rise again, struck the said John Staunton on his head, his shoulders, his legs, and on divjrs other parts of his body, and gave him seven mortal blo.vs, and so lying in wait there he feloniously slew and murdere 1 him. And that Roger Auldon, of Bradston, in the same county, yeoman, Richard Dolfyn, of Corvedon, yeoman, Thomas Holder, of Wotton, yeoman, and William Bygley, the younger, of Duddelbury, yeoman, were then and there present and aiding to commit the felony and murder aforesaid in form aforesaid.
Item, they present that John Esthorp, of Esthorp, co^ Salop, " Squyer," on Friday next after the feast of St. Swithin, in the 1st year of the reign of King Henry V., at Wenlok, feloniously slew William Caloughton. And that Richard Esthorp, of Esthorp, " Squyer," and John Swon, of Wenlok, yeoman, were then and there present and aiding to commit the felon)' aforesaid in form aforesaid.
SHROPSHIRE ASSIZES, I4I4.
395
Item, they present that John Dod, of Knoll, co. Salop, " Squyery' and Thomas Niirton, of Namtewych, co. Chester, yeoman, on Monday next after the feast of St. Peter Advincnla, in the ist year of the reign of King Henry V., at Frees, feloniously [took] Ivo de Sulton and brought him to the top of a certain hill and beheaded him, and so he slew and murdered him.
m. i8d.
Item, they present that Reginald Vernon, parson of the church of Whctchull, co. Salop, John Cpuper, of Farlowe, in the county aforesaid, yeoman, on Palm Sunday in the ioth year of King Henry IV., at Whctchull, lying in w ait, and with assault premeditated feloniously slew and murdered John Hunt.
m. 19.
Second inquisition — by William Poyner and his fellows, jurors of the Hundred of Bradford.
The third inquisition. The jurors present that Roger Corbet, of Moreton, co. Salop, esquire, and Roger Adams, of Cblcesse, co. Salop, yeoman, together with other evildoers unknown and disturbers of the Lord the King's peace armed and arrayed in warlike manner to the number of forty men, on Thursday next before the feast of St. Gregory the pope in the 13th year of the reign of King Henry IV., with force and arms, viz., swords, staves &c. entered the house of Master Nicholas Peeshale, parson of the church of Eggemondon, at Eggemondon, and took and carried away the goods and chattels of the said Master, viz., linnen and woollen clothes, brass, wooden and lead vessels, cups " de mazero " bound with silver and gilt " coupes " of silver and gilt, and other household utensils to the value of ten marks there found, and took and abducted six oxen of the worth of six marks, and 200 sheep of the worth of roli of the goods and chattels of the aforesaid Master there found, against the peace of the said late King.
in. 22.
Item, they present that Roger Corbet, of the vill of Shrews- bur)', esquire, Nicholas Peeshale, of Webenbury, co. Chester, esquire, son of Thomas^Pceshale, chivaler, and Richard, son of Thomas Leche servant of the said Roger, yeoman, on
Vol. VII., 31c] Series. WW
396 SOME PROCEEDINGS AT THE SHROPSHIRE ASSIZES, I414.
Wednesday next before Palm Sunday in the 2nd year of the reign of King Henry V., with force and arms, viz., swords and staves, made an assault on Roger Lyney, one of the collectors for a moiety of one fifteenth granted to the King in the first year of the same King, and him did beat, wound and maihem against the peace ike.
m. 24.
Second inquisition of the vill of Bruggenorth, by William Palmere and his fellows.
The jurors present that the Hospital of St. John the Baptist, of Bruggenorth, is a Hospital of the Lord the King and of his collation. Which said Hospital before the time of memory w as founded by the men of the vill aforesaid for one Muster and live chaplains celebrating in the said Hospital for themselves and for the souls of the progenitors of the Lord the King and of his relations and friends, in the said Hospital, for ever. And also for providing, maintaining and keeping six poor people there, for alms, in food and clothing, for ever there, and for having, keeping, and mantaining six beds in the said Hospital for ever for the poor to lie in ; and divers lands? tenements, rents and services to the same Hospital for the sustentation of the same. And the alms aforesaid were given by the men of the township aforesaid with that intent, for ever. A certain Richard Arundell, Master of the Hospital aforesaid, to whom the Lord Henry IV., late King of England, by his letters patent granted the Hospital aforesaid for the term of his life to provide all charges incumbent on the said Hospital. Which said Richard now has only one priest celebrating in the said Hospital, nor for live years before the day of this presentment, viz., Monday next after the feast of the Nativity of St. John the Baptist in the second year of the reign of the now Lord the King he had neither poor nor beds in the said Hospital, nor has he now, but withdrew the divine services and alms to be made in the said Hospital, and expended the profits of the aforesaid Hospital to his own use, and permitted the church, houses, and also the tenancies of the said Hospital by reason of lack of repair to fall to final destruction of the Hospital aforesaid and of the alms for sustaining of it.
I'hoto. by BartkW.
PHOTOGRAPH OF DR. CALVERT.
397
THE LATE EDWARD CALVERT, LL.D.
On May 27th, 1907, there passed away at the ripe age of 77 years, Dr. Edward Calvert, a member of this Society from its first commencement, a member of the Council and of the Editorial Committee, Auditor ol its accounts, and an occa- sional contributor to these Transactions.
Dr. Calvert was born at Derby on October 10th, 1829, his father being Edward Calvert, Manager of Messrs. Smith's Bank in that town, and he was christened at the fine old church of All Saints'. His first master was Mr. (afterwards Dean) A 1 ford at Wymeswold in Leicestershire: a school prize from Mr. Alford (for answering one thousand questions) is dated 1859. He entered Derby School, with his brother Arthur, in 1840, his head-master being the Rev. William Eletcher,1 D.D., and there he remained until 1843, when he removed to Southwell School, to which his head- master had just been appointed. In 1849 he obtained an open scholarship at St. John's College, Cambridge, and presently gained the Port Latin Exhibition, as the best classical scholar amongst the freshmen of his year. It had been thought that Edward Calvert would obtain a very high place in the Classical Tripos, but unfortunately, like that celebrated scholar E. A. Paley and others, he was not a mathematician,'2 and, being unable to pass the previous mathematical examinations which were necessary before he was permitted to enter for the Classical Tripos, he
1 Dr. Fletcher was educated at Shrewsbury School under Dr. Butler, and was one of his many puoils who became headmasters. He obtained a first class in Lit. Hum. at Oxford, being appointed afterwards to a fellowship at Brasenose College. He died 6 July, 1900. (See Fisher's Annals, p. 287).
2 His brother Arthur Calvert graduated in Mathematical Honours as a Junior Optime, and was 4th in the b'irst Class of the Classical Tripos in 185 He afterwards was elected to a Fellowship at St. John's College ; was Headmaster of Crediton School, 1865- 1877, ami Kcctor of Morcton, Kssox, from 1877 until his death, in 189 1 .
398
THE LATE EDWARD CALVERT, LL.D.
was compelled to take the ordinary Pass Degree. He graduated B.A. in 1852, proceeding M.A. in 1855, and LL.D. in 1870,
In August, 1852, Dr. Kennedy appointed Mr. Calvert one of his assistant-masters at Shrewsbury School, and here he remained until February, 1S59, wnen ne married Mrs. Middleton, a widow lady whose maiden name was Wright, and on account of her health left England for Trinidad, having been appointed Headmaster of the Government School there. Unfortunately the climate of Trinidad proved fatal to Mrs. Calvert, and she died in the autumn of 1859, when Mr. Calvert at once resigned his head-mastership, and returned to England, resuming his place on the staff of Shrewsbury School in August, i860. He continued to be Assistant-Master until 1863, when he resigned his post, and opened a preparatory school in St. Mary's Place, Shrewsbury, his first pupils being Canon W. H. Fletcher, Mr. J. H. Sprott, and the late Rev. John Scott Yardley. He presently moved his school to College Hill, Shrewsbury, taking into partnership with him the Rev.G. B.Atkinson. This partnership lasted for several years, i.e., until 1873, when it was dissolved by mutual arrangement, and Dr. Calvert (who by this time had taken the degree of Doctor of Laws) carried on the School bv himself, first at Stone House, afterwards at St. Mary's Church Room adjoining, and finally at Kemmendine House in Longden Coleham. After about 12 years' work he discontinued his school, and was appointed by the Governing Body of Shrewsbury School in 1886 School Bailiff and Treasurer; and these offices he held until 1S97, managing the School property, receiving the rents, &c.
He always took the keenest interest in everything that concerned Shrewsbury School. In 1892 he published the " Regestum Scholarium 1562 — 1635," a transcript of the earliest admission register of the scholars, and a most scholarly and accurate work. He also found amongst Mr. Leonard Hotchkis's MSS., and copied, a later list of admissions winch is to be included in the 2nd edition of the Rev. J. K. Audcn's Shrewsbury School Register, now in the press, lie gave considerable help to the Rev. G. YV. Fisher in his Aninds of Shrewsbury School, 1899; that author stating
THE LATE EDWARD CALVERT, LL.D.
399
in his Introduction, "to no one am I more indebted than to my old friend and colleague Dr. Calvert, who has from the first taken a deep interest in the progress of the book, and has done his best to make it a truthful history of Shrewsbury School." He was a constant benefactor to the School Library, of which, in ccnnection with Mr. T. E. Pickering, he made a catalogue. He published, about 1874, a volume of Selections from Livy, in collaboration with Mr. R. Saward, who was then a master at the School. He also helped Dr. Kenned)' much in the preparation of his School books.
Dr, Calvert was a classical scholar of considerable attain- ments, and especially was this the case in regard to Greek and Latin composition. He had also a remarkable knowledge of mediaeval Latin words and terms, and he often gave great assistance in unravelling and elucidating the meaning of expressions in the old charters and documents which have been from time to time printed in the pages of these Transactions. He was very much interested in certain branches of archaeology, and many papers that have ap- peared in the Transactions have owed much to suggestions emanating from him. As already mentioned, he was a member of the Shropshire Archaeological and Natural History Society from its foundation in 1S77 ; whilst for many years he audited its accounts, and managed its affairs as one of the Council. On the death of the late Rev. W. Allport Leighton, the editor of the Transactions, an Editorial Com- mittee was appointed, one of whom was Dr. Calvert, and he continued to act on this Committee until his death, his suggestions being often of the greatest value to contributors. He was constitutionally of a sensitive and retiring disposition, even to shyness — a man whom it was impossible to conceive guilty of anything like self-assertion — but he was very intolerant of any work on the part of others which was slip- shod and careless ; and many a beginner in literary efforts — whether it were a small boy making his first attempts in Latin composition at school, or a would-be contributor to the pages of the Society's 'Transactions — has reason to thank him for criticisms which perhaps seemed severe at the time, but which secured an attention to accuracy, which was of the utmost value in future work.
400
THE LATE EDWARD CALVERT, LL.D.
The following are the papers which he contributed to the Transactions,— not very numerous, but always scholarly and of a high order, as might have been expected : —
Fragment of an Early Mystery Play. (2 Series, II. 295).
Richard Gardiner's "Profitable Instructions," 1603. (2 S., IV. 241).
The History of the Old School (Free Library) Buildings.
(2 S., VI. xii). Extracts from a Fifteenth Century MS. (2 S., VI. 99). A Contemporary Account of the Battle of Shrewsbury.
From "Annates Rich. II. et Hen. IV." (1392— 1406).
(2 S., X. 295).
Shrewsbury School Bailiff's Account, for 1578-9. (2 S., XI. 5).
Manuscript Sermon. [ From the above Fifteenth Century
MS.j (2 S, XII. 57). To Miscellanea Dr. Calvert contributed the following short papers : —
Will of William Fitzherberd, of Tong, 1451. (3 S., I. 407). Some recently discovered remains on the site of Uriconium. (3 S., II. 163).
Prince Henry's Speech at the Battle of Shrewsbury. (3 S., III. xvi).
Grant from the Prior of St. Austin in Shrewsbury. (3 S., V. it).
Dr. Calvert was one of the most active members of the Borough Records Committee, which met weekly for five years, in order to clean, arrange, nnd calendar the valuable records of the Borough of Shrewsbury, which go back to the reign of King John. He also assisted in cleaning and arranging the County Records, and was one of the joint editors of the Parts which dealt with the Inclosure Awards and the Plans and Documents relating to Roads, Bridges, and Railways, &c. He was a co-opted member of the Free Library and Museum Committee, and Vice-Chairman of the Books Sub-Committee; until failing health compelled him to resign these offices in November, 1906. He did good service in weeding out and arranging the books formerly in St. John's Hill Library, and given on its dissolution to the Shrewsbury Free Library.
THE LATE EDWARD CALVERT, LL.D. 4OI
Dr. Calvert was a magistrate for the Borough, in which capacity he often sat on the bench ; a Trustee of the Allatt Charities; a Director of the Shrewsbury Gas Co.; and a member of the Committee of the Eye, Ear, and Throat Hospital, and of the Shrewsbury Dispensary; and in these and many other ways he showed or displayed an active interest in the welfare of the Borough of Shrewsbury. He was also largely responsible for the establishment of the High School for Girls in Shrewsbury in connection with the Girls Public Day School Company, and he taught Greek and Latin to the girls for about ten years from its foundation, and always took a warm interest in its fortunes.
In his younger days he was a keen cricketer, at one time playing regularly for Shropshire, his last appearance for it being in 1877, and he was also a fair football player, and one of the great bat-fives four, who used to play in the old Ball Court. He also used to row, and was fond of fishing.
For some time past he had been in failing health, and after a brief illness he passed away on Monday night, May 27th, at his residence in Kingsland ; his body was interred in the Shrewsbury General Cemetery on May 30th, a large number of friends being present although the day was very wet. He leaves behind him three sisters, Mrs. Law, Mrs. Goode, and Mrs. Davey.
It remains only to add that the portrait here given is from a photograph taken by Mr. E. B. Bartlett about the year 1903, and kindly lent for the purpose by Mrs. Davey.
Editors.
HERALDS' CERTIFICATE OF THE PEDIGREE AND ARMS OF HUNT, 1623.
MISCELLANEA.
[Under this heading the Editors will be pleased to insert notes, and short articles relative to recent discoveries in the County, or other matters of arclioeological or historical interest. Communications are invited, and should be addressed to the Editors, cjo Mr. H. W. A dnitt (Hon. See.), The Square, Shrewsbury.]
| We regret to record the death of Mr. Francis Coyne, lor |
| many years the valued and esteemed Secretary of the Society,
■ which took place cm November 5th, 1906, at Chirk, after a !
I short illness.
I.
HERALDS' CERTIFICATE OK THE ARMS AND PEDIGREE OK HUNT OK LONGNOR, Co. SALOP, 1623.
IIUNT=t=
Rictiardus Hunt de Longnof=f Alicia filia in com. Salop.
Gardner.
I I I Thomas. Roger. John, //ion'/'
Marti j i6j5.
I'M ward us Hunt, de Longnor in coin. Salop a*> 1623. Eduardlis Hunt morif j J Sefil"' 1626
. I
Ricard us: Hunt, de Longnor in com. Salop a" 1623.
1
Margeria fdia . . . Buck de London.
Eli/abetha ux :
Thouue \\ ildincre.
Jana uxor
Kogerus Hunt.
Alicia uxor
Russell de
London.
Gardner.
Richardus Hunt ( Maike Johannes (•rums .id Anna. | fdia 1 hint.
Tuck.
•rucm ino> il> t ('in he
.id Anna ,/ /V- tOji.
Anthonius Hunt tie Hospitio Lincoln- iensi. unfit. Porot/iy J tall /ord de Wot te- st ant in com, Wiv'or/i,
Richardus Hunt.
[Ak\is and Crest Painted.]
Conuenit cum Registro. 15" Sept. 1623. Robert Treswell Som'sett. Aug' Vincent, Rouge-croiv
I
Llizabetha uxor Robt. Owen de W < >odho'uso. 1
Lli/ahelha nupta Thome Hunt de Salop Anno d/ii i6j~.
ii
MISCELLANEA.
The foregoing pedigree of Hunt is an exact cop)' of the original Certificate given by Somerset Herald and Rouge-Croix in the year 1623 to Richard Hunt, or some other member of the family. This original Certificate is now in the Shrewsbury Free Library, to which it was presented by Mr. Herbert R. H. Southam \ and the accom- panying illustration is fiom a photograph kindly made by Mr. H. II. Hughes, The words printed in italics were not originally in the Certificate, but were added at a later date — apparently before 1630 — by some member of the family. They are valuable, as they give some names and dates which otherwise would not be known.
The Aims painted on the Certificate are: Per pale argent and sable, a saltirc counter changed, a crescent loi difference; and the Crest : A hind's head couped argent, vulned in the neck with a pheon sable, and bleeding proper. It is interesting to note that the pedigree of the family of Hunt of Longnor printed in the Harleian Society's Visitation of Shropshire, pp. 263-264— of course except ing the words in italics— is almost a verbatim copy of the Heralds' Certificate, an incidental proof of the accuracy of the Harleian Society's Shropshire volumes.
The ''Thomas Hunt of Salop, ,; who is stated to marry, in 1627, Elizabeth Owen, the daughter ol Robert Owen, of Woodhouse, and Elizabeth Hunt, was the celebrated Parliamentary Colonel, and member of Parliament for Shrewsbury. He was Sheriff of Shrop- shire in 1656, Mayor of Shrewsbury in the following year, and died in 1669. Krorn this marriage the Hunts of Boreatton are lineally descended. Colonel Thomas Hunt was son of Richard Hunt, Draper and Alderman of Shrewsbury, and grandson of Thomas Hunt of Goldstone, in the parish of Cheswardine ; but how these Cheswardine Hunts were related to the Longnor family is not clear.
Richard Hunt, of Longnor, who entered up his pedigree in 1623, presumably did not know his grandfather's name ; but the earlier editions of the Landed Gentry, and the Rev. G. S. Master's Notices of the Family of Hunt (1S80), call him " Thomas Hunt of Longnor," and make him to be the father, not only of Richard Hunt, of Longnor, and of Roger Hunt, but also of Thomas Hunt, of Goldstone, in the parish of Cheswardine. Mr. Master further makes him to belong to the family of Hunt of Stoke Daubeny, Lyndon, and Rarrowden, co. Rutland, and to be fourteenth in descent from one Turgitus; but it seems to me that there is as yet no sufficient proof of any connection between the Rutland and Shropshire families. Besides the books already mentioned, reference should be made to the Harleian Society's Visitation of Rutland, 1618-19; the Visitation of Rutland^ ifiSi (where, curi- ously, one Fdward Hunt is described as "of co. Salop, aged 46, and unmarried, in 1681 '') ; Blake wa y 's Sherijfls of Shropshire, page 131 ; and the Transactions, 3rd series, v. 133 13.).
W. G. D. KLKTCHER, l.S.A.
THE GREAT LORD I 1 ILL.
MISCELLANEA.
Hi
il.
A LETTER WRITTEN BY THE GREAT LORD HILL.
The following letter has lately come into my possession, and may he of interest historically and locally : —
" Camp near Roncesvalles.
v< Augt. 17th, 1 S 1 3.
" My dear Sir,
I avail myself of the first moment of leisure to acknowledge the receipt of your kind letter of the 6th of last month, and to return you my best thanks for your affectionate congratulations and good wishes.
" Before this time, 1 imagine, the Prince of Orange will have reached England, with the accounts of Soult's attempt to relieve Pamplona, the Action near that Place, and the retreat of Soult again to the frontiers of France. During the whole of these Operations you will observe that we had a good deal of Fug and fighting, and although the small force 1 had with me was not, at all times, able to withstand the overwhelming numbers that were brought against us, yet I believe we contributed very escentially to the glorious results ol the business. We have again taken up a position on the Frontiers of France. I am on the right of the Army ; the Country 1 occupy is strong, but very extensive.
" Soult must have lost a considerable number of men during the last three weeks, some would imagine I hat he can not be in a state to act offensively ; he' is, however, near his resources, & it is pos- sible he may make another effort to relieve Pamplona and St. Sebastian. With respect to the Cloak I am sorry to say I have not had an opportunity of trying its water proof merits, owing to some mistake it was sent to a Depot in the rear and these Depots of late have been so often moved that I can not find my Cloak, I am, however, in hope it is at Lisbon, to which Place I will send for it & if we remain in this Country I shall have frequent opportunity of trying it, for it seldom ceases to rain amongst these Perenees Mountains.
" I beg to be kindly remembered to my Aunt. & remain " My dear Uncle
" Yours most faithfully,
" R. Hill."
At the battle of Vittoria, 21st June, 1813. Hill commanded the right of the army -and later, " He was entrusted with the blockade of Pampeluna, and for months withstood the determined attempts of the enemy to dislodge him from his Pyrenean fastness.'7 (Well Supple. Desp., vol. viii.. passim ; Gurwood, vi.. 557 to end of vol.; vii. to p. 346.) Writing to his sister Irom Lanz, three leagues from France, fuly 3rd, 181 3, he says The enemy have left a good garrison in Pampeluna ; it is a strong fortress, and it is said that it
MISCELLANEA.
is well supplied with ammunition and provisions." (Life of Hill, by Rev. E. Sidney, 1845.)
" When the allied army was re-organised on French soil, in three army corps, under Hill, Beresford, and Hope, the light was assigned to Hill, with the second and fourth British and a Portugese division, and Mina's and Murillo's corps of Spaniards attached. Hill ren- dered important services at the battle of Nivclle, 10th November, 1813, when Soult's triple line of defences was stormed, and in the operations on the Nive in the following month." (Diet. Nat. B'tog.)
December 13th was the last day of the lighting on the Nive, the French, leaving their powerfully-entrenched camp at Bayonne, attacked Hill with a considerable army, and Hill, without any assist- ance;, gave them, as Wellington plainly put it, " the soundest thrashing they ever had."
Who the uncle was, to whom this letter was sent, I am not able to ascertain. It was, no doubt, either sent to Rowland, the cele- brated Nonconfoi mist minister, or the Rev. Robert Hill, as the Kev. Bryan Hill was unmarried.
The accompanying illustration was photographed from an old print by Mr. H. II. Hughes, the block being kindly lent by Mr. L. Wilding.
HERBERT R. H. SOUTH AM, F.S.A.
III.
HUMAN RE MAINS FOUND AT PRESTHOPE.
Whilst clearing away the upper layers of earth in the Lilleshall Coal, Coke and Lime Company's limestone quarries near Presthope station in June or July last (1906) the workmen came upon human remains. Unfortunately, however, all traces of the interment, except a portion of the skull, were swept away before any examina- tion could be made. The following meagre particulars are all that could be gathered.
The body was laid out straight, and the bones were in a " well formed grave." The medical testimony as to the portion of skull was that it was that of someone about 20 years of age.
The remarkable circumstance is that the interment was about 12 feet deep, in a stratum of white ('lay, above which is a stratum of red clay besides the surface soil, yet there were no indications of disturbance of the clay strata.
The depth of the " grave" and the absence of disturbance of the ground seem to point to interment at a very remote period.
R. IOWKTT HURTON, M A,
Rector of Hugh ley.
MISCELLANEA.
V
IV.
CHAINED BOOKS IN SALOP.
Is the following a full and accurate list of the chained bool<s in Shropshire ?
Baschurch, a Bible.
Hodnet, several on their original desk.
Munslow.
Quatt, Fox's Acts and Monuments (not now chained). Tilstock, two volumes of Fox. Upton Magna, Jewel's Apology. Whitchurch, Fox's Acts and Monuments.
Many of the books in the Church Library at Chirbury have had chains, but not, I believe, in the similar libraries at Tong and at More. There are also libraries for the use of the clergy at Bridg- north, Middle, and Whitchurch.
H. M. AUDEN, F.R. Hist. S.
V.
SHROPSHIRE DEEDS.
Mrs. Martin, of Westhope, has very kindly given to the Council of the Society a large number of deeds — 105 in all— relating to Shrewsbury, Newport, VVem, Cl'ive, and elsewhere in co Salop, and dating from 1383 to 1773. A calendar is being made, and as soon as it is completed the deeds will be placed for safe custody in the Shrewsbury Free Library where they will be preserved for the use of antiquaries. The deeds relate to the following places in the county : —
Shrewsbury, 1609 to 1773, the Stalls, Castle Foregate, Cotton, Coleham, " The Bear/' &c. ; 13 deeds.
Newport, 1447 to 1636 ; 37 deeds.
rl ne Clive, Tilley, and VVem, 1625 to 1704 ; 42 deeds.
Northwood, 1383, a grant from Ronulph (iolleborne of March- amley and Alice his wife, daughter of William Redy, to John Lowland of Fades, of land in Northwood called Petybruche within the lordship of Red Castle, lying near Sokesbruche on one side and land of William de Podmor on the other side.
Baschurch, 1705; Bishop's Castle, 1705; Bridgnorth, 1756 and 1788 (the latter deed is the bailiffs' certificate under their seal that Peter Capper, esq., is a burgess of Bruges, and in it the charter of King John is fully set out) ; Child's Ercall, 1685, a lease for lives from Sir John Corbett to William Adney ; Church Aston, 1675 ; Drayton-in Hales, 1616, grant from Thomas, Lord Gerrard to James Eccles ; Thongland, 1560 and 1 7 1 9 (both deeds relate to the Lacon family) ; Til>;> :rton, 1647, Court Roll, Philip Young, esq., lord of the Manoi , Whitchurch, 1733; Withington, 1731.
W. G. D. FLETCHER, F.S.A,
vt
MISCELLANEA.
VI.
MAN DATE BY EDWARD III. TO THE SHERIFF OF SALOP, TO ARREST AN APOSTATE MONK OK SHREWSBURY, jo NOV., 1372.
f Patent Roll, 4$ Edward III., pars 2, m. 8d. )
Concerning taking an apostate.
The King to his beloved and faithful Robert de Kendale, Sheriff of Salop, Roger de Otteleye, Philip de VVylyleye, Roger Marchal and John del Ree, greeting
Whereas brother Roger de Hothlon monk of the order of St. Benedict of Salop, despising the habit of that order, wanders and runs about in a secular habit from place to place, to the danger of his soul and the manifest scandal of the said order, as our beloved in Christ the Abbot of Salop by his letters patent has signified to us. We have assigned you and each of you to arrest without delay the said Roger wherever he may happen to be found, and to cause him to be delivered to the said Abbot or his attorney in this matter to be chastised according to the discipline and rule of his order. And therefore we order you and each of you, that you diligently make haste about the premises and do and follow out these things in form aforesaid. Moreover we give to all and singular sheriffs mayors bailiffs ministers and other our faithful people, as well within the Liberties as without, by tenor of these presents in the commands, that they make haste to act and assist you and each of you in the premises, and help you as often as and as by you or any of you in this matter on our behalf may be brought forward. In witness \c. Witness the King at Westminster the 20th day of November. | 1 3 7 -2 . ]
The above Mandate is extracted from the Patent Rolls of 15 Edward III., preserved in the Public Record Office. Oi the apostate monk, Roger de Hothton, nothing further is known. The abbot who prayed for his arrest was Nicholas Stevenes, who bore rule from 1361 to 1399. The Sheriff of Salop, Robert de Kendale, was really only deputy for Richard, 5th Earl of Arundel, who was Sheriff from 1 ^45 until his death in 1375, and in conjunction with Edmund de Burton he acted as deputy for the Earl in 1371 and 1372. Richard, Eail of Arundel, was Chief Justiciar of Wales in 1333, and Chief Commissioner of Array in co. Salop, 16 February 1339, and on 10 Marc h, 1345, he was appointed Sheriff of Shrop- shire foi his life. (Fine Rolls, mem. 29). He died 24 January, 1375-6 .The Earl was a great soldier, and far too busy a man to be able to attend to his Sheriff's, duties 111 Shropshire, and so this work had to be done by deputy.
W. G, 1). FLETCHER, F.S.A.
MISCELLANEA.
vii
VII.
PAPAL INDULGENCE FOR BATTLEFIELD CHURCH, ii MARCH, 1423.
The following abstract, which is taken from the " Calendar of Papal Registers," Papal Letters, VII., p. 252, shows that the build- ing of Battlefield Church, which must have been begun about 1407, was still proceeding in the year 1423.
(Latcran Re^esta, vol. cexxxi., fu. 77. 6 Martin V.)
1423, 5 Id. March. St. Peter's, Rome.
Relaxation during ten years, of five years and five quarantines of enjoined penance to penitents who on Passion Sunday or one of the two following days visit and give alms for the building and conservation of the chapel of St. Mary Magdalen which the late Henry, King of England, began to found and build in the place called Batelfelde in the diocese of Lichfield, where very man) died in battle and were buried. — Univ. Christ ijid .... Licet is.
W. G. D. FLETCHER, F.S.A.
VIII.
EXCAVATIONS AT HAUGHMOND ABBEY.
As I was fortunate in having promises of support, during Easter week, 1907, some considerable excavations were commenced at Haughmond Abbey (with the consent of Mr. Hugh I). Corbet, the owner of the site), under the supervision and direction of Mr. VV. H. St. John Hope, assistant secretary of the Society of Antiquaries, and Mr. Harold Brakspear, F.S.A , the well known architect. Some twenty-three labourers were employed in the work, which was con- tinued with a smaller staff for three weeks afterwards. The result of the excavations shows that the existing plans of the Abbey site are in m*ny details inaccurate ; and exposes the whole of the site of the old buildings which are now opened out. It is now seen that the Abbey Church, which was a 12th century building, but was enlarged later, was over 220 feet long. It had three distinct levels, and at an early period the mddle level was raised and covered with tiles of a slightly different type to those on original level, some of which remain. The bases of three fine 13th century columns were discovered, two having part of the columns standing. The east end is fourteen or fifteen feet higher than the west end, and was reached by a number of steps at intervals. The west end extends into the meadow some fifteen or twenty feet. In the nave several leaden coffins were found, and have been covered up again. There was also discovered an incised slab, with the figure of a lady in 1 6th century costume, and an inscription which shows that she was Ankaret, daughter of John Leighton, and wife of John Mynde, and that she died upon the feast of the ("hair of St. Peter, 1528.
vw
MISCELLANEA.
'1 he ivy, which has been allowed to grow, and has greatly dam- aged the buildings, is gradually being removed and the stone-work repaired ; and the appearance of the Abbey will necessarily be more impressive thnn was formerly the case. In the garden, to the south of the Chapter House, are the Abbot's lodgings, parlour, domestic offices and lavatories, &c, which have now been cleaned out. On the north side ql the church, in the held at some little distance, are evidences of a stone build- ing, which is most probably the remains of the Gate House. Unfortunately, the 16th century additions of the Barker family, which weie built on the site of the Abbey, caused the destruction of very much of the old buildings. In due course it is hoped that a proper description of the Abbey, with plans and illustrations, will be printed in the Transactions.
The total cost of the excavations is about ^140, of which £86 has already been subscribed. There is still a sum of ' 54 to be raised ; and perhaps some of the members of the Society might like to assist in this excellent object. Subscriptions should be sent to me as early as possible.
1 1. R. H. SOUTH AM, F.S.A.,
Local Secretary Society of Antiquaries of London.
Innellan, Shrewsbury.
IX.
TRACES OF PRE HISTORIC MAN.
I am glad to be able to report the discovery of traces of Pre- historic man in a part of the county which, as far as I know, has not previously furnished them. On the occasion of a recent excur- sion of the Caradoc and Severn Valley Field Club into Corvedalc, Mr. John Farmer, of Thonglands, showed the members two flint implements which Mr T. VV. Howard, of New House, Shipton, had discovered on his land, and also a bronze gouge which he had himself found in a field at Thonglands. All three objects, by the kindness of the finders, have been handed to me, and are now deposited in the Shrewsbury Museum. Of the flints, one is a scraper of the usual type, while the other, which is larger, has a serrated edge apparently for sawing. The bronze implement is a socketed gouge, and its in'erest lies in the fact that it is the first that has come into the possession of our local Museum, and only two or three at most are recorded as having been found in the county. The ready generosity with which the donors have made these gilts— slight in themselves, perhaps, but of great archaeological interest— is an example which may well have its record in the Transactions, and will, it is hoped, be followed by others who may have in their pos- session similar objects.
THOMAS AUM'N, M.A., F.S.A.
MISCEIJ.ANEA.
ix
X.
SUPPOSED ROMAN VILLA AT EVENWOOD.
It may be remembered thai in a previous number of the Trans- actions attention was called to the fragments of Pottery found in a field at Evenwood on the slope of Shadwel) Coppice Hill, on the field road to Langley. It was suggested that these were possibly Roman, and marked the site of a Roman Villa4. Since that com- munication w^s made, a number of specimens of the pottery found have been submitted to several Fellows of the Society of Antiquaries in London, including Mr G. L. f ox, who stands at the head of experts on Roman antiquities. 1 am sorry to say that the sugges tion that a new site of Roman occupation had been discovered is demolished by their unanimous opinion that the fragments of pot- tery are only mediaeval, and in no case Roman. 11 this, however, is correct, the question at once arises How is it that so many fragments are found in m small portion of a particular field and no- where else in the immediate neighbourhood ? This is difficult to answer ; but a plausible theory has been suggested, namely, that when the land was enclosed from the open hill-side — perhaps in the 15th or 1 6th century — a hollow, or possibly a water-pit, at the bottom of the field in question was filled up with the contents of the rubbish heap from Langley llall, which lies at no great distance away. The fragments, it must be remembered, are all of rough domestic pottery, such as would be used in kitchen and dairy rather than parlour. No traces have been discovered of finer ware; and this would be accounted for by the (act that at the period referred to porcelain was not in general use, its place being taken by wooden trenchers in the kitchen, and silver or some other metal in the dining-hall.
This theory, it must be confessed, is a somewhat ignominious substitute for the theoiy of a Roman Villa, but it does not detract from the interest of the neighbourhood. As mentioned in my pre- vious communication, it was an important district, both in Roman and medieval times, and it will yet repay careful examination on the pait of those who are interested.
THOMAS AUD EN, M.A., F.S.A.
XI.
DEED RELATING TO THE REPARATION OF THE
CLIVE CHAPEL, 10 AUGUST, 1578
The following deed is preserved at Stratford on-Avon, in Shake- speare's birth-place, and was copied by Mr. R. Savage, the secretary and librarian, at the request of Mr. II. R. H. Southam. The reference to it is, " Museum Deeds, Appendix No. 511." It relates to certain repairs that were being done at the ("live Chapel
MISCLLLANkA.
in 1578, and the list of the names of the inhabitants of Clive a hundred years before the Registers commence is of considerable interest.
This Indenture made the xUl daye of Auguste in the xxth year of the Raigne of our soveraigne ladie Elyzabeth by the grace of god of England firaunce & Ireland queene defender of the faith &c. Betweene 1 homas Newans of Myddle & curat of the clyve on the one partif And Hum/rey Onslowe William Witcherley, Richarde Russell, Roger Russell, and the faeste of the Inhabitants of clyve & Sansawe on the other partie, wittnesseth that the said inhabitants in consider [ation] that their chappell ys so fane out of reparations Arc contented towards the reparinge thereof to geue vnto the said Thomas Newans & vnto his Assignes the somme of sixe poundes xiijH iiij'1. of good & lawfull money of England towards the reparinge of the said chappell And foorther they do covenante to & with the said Thomas Newans that they will carrye all thinges needefull for the reparations as ofte as neede shall require as tymber. shingles, stones, lyme, sande, water cley leade & Iron And whatsoever shall be necesserie to set the said chappell in repracion & from tyme to tyme to mayntayne the same in repracion duringe the naturall lyfe of the
said Thomas Newans The said (l) necessarie for
the reparinge & [kee] pinge the same in repracion in suUicient manner on his owne proper cost & charges And the said Thomas and his Assignes to maintayne divyne service in the same chappell during his naturall lyfe The said 1 homas Newans & his Assignes havinge & recevinge therefore all commodities profits & duties that have belonged doo belonge ought to belonge or hereafter shall belonge vnto the said chappell eyther to the reparinge of the same or to the maintenance of dyvine servis in the same, namelye the fyve poundes geven by the queenes majestie, the xiiijrt that Richarde Russell standeth bounde to paye by covenant to paie yearelye,
The chappell yarde (') the house & crofte called
the crystinges which is ye-.relye iiij* The Rent for the heis of hancoxe which is iiij'1 for John Heines howse vjd for paynes howse iiijd a yeare, of Thou as Drurye & Thomas Vaughon iiijd, the Easter booke All savinge iiij* to pay mysteris Kelton for molde money And all other duties that doe belonge to A minister, as weddings churchings & burialls yf he burye any of the dead, for and duringe the naturall lyfe of the said Thomas Newans The said Thomas Newans & his Assignes findinge breade & wine at Easter onlye. In witnesse whereof &c.
formes South side thus placed
CJhancell
2. 1 The minister during his time
Tho. spendlove 2 seates 2. George Hinckes 2 seates
Rich. Smith 1 seate tor Crosses house
1 Worn away in folding the paper.
MISCELLANEA.
Church
1. William Russell tor Sansaw wholy
2. Tho. spendlove wholy
3. frho. spenlove 2 seates Richard Onslow 1 seate
Rich, ffelton, seate for Spendlove
4. John Huffa 1 seate Michall Baugh 1 seate
Rich. Smith for Crosse 1 seate
5. John Ons'ow 1 seate William (Trance 1 seate Rich Onslowe 1 seate Jeffrey ffloyo1 1 seate
6. Michall Baugh
Rich. Helton tor his owne house
7. Margrett Husband 1 seate widdow wicherley 1 seate John Kilvart 1 seate
8 Michall marshe Richard Bethcott W illiam Robinson William Pichford 1 seate 9. Thomas Lockley 2 st airs William Pichford 1 seate John BoycOt 2 seates 10. John Sturdy 2 seates
William Rodnest 1 seate Math. Drewry 1 seate
1. i Sam Newans
Rich Smith
William Jones 1 seate Math Drewry 1 seate
2. Widdow Husband Widd Wicherly
Below the doore
3 4-
Common for Evan widd Rees Resse Wicherly Besse [? Starey]
North side in Chancel
Church
1.
2.
William Russell who . Richard Onslow George Hincks 1 seate
2.
1.
John Huffa Widdow Wicherly Michall Baugh 2 seates Richard ffelton 1 seate
MISCELLANEA.
3. Widdow Cusband John Kilvart
Mr Newaans Rich Wagg
4. John Onslow
Rich. Helton for his owne house William ffrance W illiam Robinson
5. Edward Onsluw
Rich. Bechcott 2 seates Michall Marsh
6. Tho. Spenlove Michall Baugh John Huffe
7. Mr. Newans
Ed. Onslow
Rich. Wagg
8. Sam Newans
Tho, Wichcrly smith
William Rodnest for ye Greens house
.Mice Lockley 1 seate
9. Jeavan 1 .uellin Cad wall ap Jeavan
below doore
1. Co .... I torn I
Endorsed : — 44 A Table of the Seates and forms in the Chappell of Clive within the parish of St. Marys in the Towne of Sallopp to messuages Tenements of ye Inhabitants of the said Chappellric belbnginge with there severall places in the said seates or formes att there names anexed as followeth
In the Chancell 011 the South side of the said Chapell
Seates
1. The minister now being e duringe his Comoracon in the Cure thereof
{George Hincks 2 places Richard Smith 1 place for the house that was ffrancis Crosse
In the body of the Chappell
1. William Russell to the tenement in Sansaw belonginge
2. Thomas Spendlove to his owne tenement in Clive the whole Seate or forme
3- " . •
44 10 : Aug : 20 : Eliz : "
W. G. D. FLETCHER, F.S.A.
MISCELLANEA.
xiii
XII.
HEN DIN AS, OR OLD OSWESTRY.
This extensive and remarkable Inelosure was the last spot visited on the day of the Annual Excursion on August 27th last; the lime lor its examination was all too brief for no greatly in- teresting a structure, looming as it does out of the rnist of an- tiquity. I should therefore like to call attention to it, and the apparently vexed question of its water supply, as a camp of refuge in times of danger, for the duellers in the surrounding country, together with their flocks and herds.
The form is most irregular, the inner inelosure being some 1,260 feet from north to south, and 650 feet from east to west; and the area [3^ acres, w hilst the defensive works cover a further area of 30J acres; at the south end they are 240 feet wide, in- creasing to 265 feet on the east and north; gradually widening as proceeding westward, and due west attaining the enormous width of 475 feet. The entrance i.^ on this face with an ascent into the Camp of 88 feet. Half-w ay Up and to the north of the path the Ordnance Survey shows a space 350 feet long and 100 feet wide, and it was stated on the spot that there were pooh of water there. The great width of this west side permitted this appropriation, allowing space for two ditches below for its de- fence as well as two above to defend the inner inelosure, and concealing the position of the water. Is it not probable that these pools are part of the design, and so co-eval with the struc- ture? The fall of the ground, either naturally formed or arti- ficially constructed, is such as to make this position the most suitable for collecting the rain water, and would help rather than otherw ise the defence of the camp.
J. NURSE,
Architect, Shrewsbury.
XIII.
THE HERBERTS OF CHERBURY
A CORRECTION.
The following Errata, which occur in the Paper on J1 The Herberts of Cherbuiy," in the present volume of the Tru/isdc/ions, should be corrected,
Page 38, line 1 1. Instead of " unique " read " ubique."
Page 50, line 10. Instead of " ev^ay io-thiv '' read " ev^apia-Tiav."
Page 57. Omit lines 10 and 1 1, and insert instead the following two lines : —
" extinct.
His sister Henrietta Antonia had married in 1781 " &c
xiv
MISCELLANEA.
Page 57, line 12. Henrietta Antonia, wife of Edward, 2nd Lord Give, did not inherit the estates of her brother, George Edward Henry Arthur, Earl of Powis, who died unmarried in 1801, the main purport of whose will is as follows: — He left the Barony of Powis and all his estates in trust for ten years, one of the trustees being his brother-in-law, Edward, Lord Give. Certain property spceified (or parts thereof) was to be sold. With the money obtained by the sale and the rents and issues of the estates the trustees were wholly to free the testator's real estates from all mortgages and incumbrances ; the surplus money, after the payment of his debts and certain legacies, to be used in the purchase of freehold lands in the county of Montgomery, as near as might be to Powis Castle. To his sister, Henrietta Antonia, Lady Give, an annuity was to bo paid of £500 during her husband's life, after his death the annuity to be increased to £1,000 should she survive him The trustees were empowered and requested, during the said term of ten ye is, to apply parts of the rents and profits " lor keep- ing Powis Castle, with tin: buildings, gardens and appurtenances in the most complete state of repair." A request was also made that the owner of the said estates for the time being should pay strict attention to the above recommendation respecting repairs, and that he or she should make Powis Castle his or her principal place of residence. The trustees might let or lease parts of the estates, V always excepting Powis Castle, the park and lands usually occupied herewith." The tenants for life of the barony and estates, or if under age, their guardians (" other than and except Edward, Lord Give "), were to be enabled to raise a sum not exceeding £10.000 on trust for the portions of daughters and younger sons. At the end of the before mentioned term of ten years the Barony and estates were to be settled upon Edward Give (the eldest son of the testator's sister, Henrietta Antonia) for his life, and upon his first and other sons successively in tail male. Failing them, the estates were to go to the second son, Robert, and his heirs, and then to the daughters and their heirs in tail male. Any such sons, and also such daughters and their husbands were to assume the name of Herbert only, and adopt the arms of Herbert only, within one year of their becoming entitled to the said estates If they refused to do this they were to forfeit for themselves and their heirs all title to them, and the estates were to go to the next in rem dnder. Under certain conditions the above-mentioned Edward ('live, upon attaining the age of twenty one years, might become possessed of the estates (as tenant for life) even in the event of the before-mentioned term of ten years not having expired. The Will was executed June 28th, 1799, and, with a Codicil dated the following day, was proved in P.C.C. March 19th, iSor.1
Page 61, line 28. Omit "(but not at Powis Castle)."
FLO RENT I A C. HERBERT.
1 The will is extremely long and most intricate, but I think I have correctly stated the principal provisions of it— F, C. H.
XV
GENERAL INDEX TO VOL. VII.
(COMPILKD 15V F. A. Maclkod.)
[The figures in parentheses show how m oage.]
A
Abdon, 384. Abergavenny, 35. Aberystwyth (co. Cardigan), 44. Accounts, Statement of, xxx. Annual Excursion, xii. ,, Meeting, vi. Report, vi. Apedale, 125.
Archaic Words, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 214, 215, 216.
Armorial Bearings.
Hunt, it. Talbot, 315.
Mortimer, 315. Wigley. 87. Strange, 3 15. Aston (l)iddlebury), 142. Auden, Miss II. vi., F.R.Hist.S. Chained Hooks in Salop, v. Shropshire Lay Subsidy Roll of [327 (Notes on) : Overs Hundred, 353 ; Shrewsbury and Liberties, 360 ; Bridgnorth and Liberties, 3°9-
Auden, Rev. J. E., M. A. Charles II. and Tong, 177. Ecclesiastical History of Shropshire during the Civil War, Common- wealth, and Restoration, 241. Auden, Rev. Thomas, M.A., F.S. A. Owen Glyndwr and Sycharth, xiii. Supposed Roman Villa at Even- wood, i.x. Traces of Pre- Historic Man, viii. Augustinian Friars, Shrewsbury, The, Rev. C. It. Drinkwater, M.A.,
u>5- AUTOGRAPH.
Edward, Lord Herbert of Cher- bury, 44.
B
Bailiffs' Accounts, Extracts from,
3*4, 33o, 33^, 339- Brarow, 163. Bayston Hill, 195. Heche (Culmington), 382.
my
times the subject occurs on the same
Bedleswurthe, 387. Bell Ringers' Hulks.
Baschurch, 3. Norton-in-Hales, 31.
Ellesmere, 6. Whitchurch, 19.
Market Drayton, 28. Benedictine Abbey in the Middle
Ag23, A, Rev. I). H. S. Cranage,
M.A., F.S. A., x. Benthall, 162, 163. Bessford, 383. Bewdley, 52, 160.
Bitterley Broil in 1718, A, Rev. John
R. Burton, 95. Bitterley, 353.
Court, 96. ,, Manor, 95. ,, School, 95.
Indenture, 97.
Blackball, 38. Blackenheg, 385.
Blakkway, Rev. John Brickdale. M.A., F.S.A., The Late, The Topographical History of Shrews- bury, edited by the late W. Phillips, 3Ir-
Bodbury Ring, Church Stretton, 172. Boscobel, 178, 179, 184. Bourton, 130. Bravinium, 150. Bridgnorth, 44, 369.
,, Foreign Liberties of, 37 r.
,, St. John Baptist, Hospital
of, 393- Brocton, 130.
Brockhurst Castle, Church Stretton, 176.
Bromcrott ( Diddlebury), 143. Broseley, 161, 164.
,, Pipe Makers, 162, 163. Buildwas Abbey, 162. Burford, 358.
Burton, Rev. John R., A Bitterley
Broil in 1718, 95. Burton, Rkv. R. Jo wet t, M.A.,
Human Remains Found at Brest
hone, xv.
xvi
GENERAL INDEX TO VOL. VII.
C
Caer Caradoc, 172. Calvert, Memoir of the Late Edward, LL.D., The Editors, 397. ,, Literary Work, 398.
List of Papers contributed to the S. A. and N. 11. Trans- actions, 400. ,, Member of Public Bodies, 400.
Scholastic and Professional ,, Career, 397. 398. Chained Books in Salop, H. M.
Auden, v. Chantriks. Ludlow, St. Mary and St. Gabriel
(Beaupie's Chantry), 85, 90, gr. Worfield, 220, 222, 224, 220, 228, 230, 23 r, 232, 233, 236, 23S. Chapels. Clive, x. Mi Hi eh ope, 128. Shrewsbury, St. Blase, 323.
St. Mary, 334. , St. Mary Magdalene,
Shrewsbury, St. Werburgh, 327. Charles I., 44, 51, 315.
,, and Henrietta Maria, Mar- riage of, 40. „ II., 49-
,, ,, and Tong, Rev. J. S.
Auden. 177. Charles II., Itinerary of, 192. Charles Edward, Prince, 56. Chattele. 379. Cheney Longvile, 174. Cheswardine, 182. Chetton, 382, 387. Chirbury, 36.
Priory, 116. Chukches.
Bitterley, 97.
Ludlow, 85, 8g. " Montgomery, 37, 4g.
Ouatford, 373.
Worfleld, 219, 221, 223, 225, 227.
229, 230, 23r, 233, 234, 238. Wroxeter, 50. Church Bulls ok Shropshire, V. IT. 15. Walters, I. Adderley, 20. Ash, 13. Baschurch, 1. Calverhall, 14. Cheswardine, 2r. Child's Ercall, 25. Cockshut, 4. Cnfthis, 4. Dodington, lg,
Drayton, Little, 29. Dudleston, 4. Eardiston, 12. Ecclcshall Deanery, I. Ellesmere Deanery, 1. Ellesmere, 5. Pauls, 1 4.
Hodnet Deanery, 20.
Hodnet, 29.
Hordley, 9.
Ightfield, 14,
Lineal-with-Colmere, 9.
Market Drayton, Emmanuel, 29,
,, St. Mary, 26.
Moreton Say, 30. Ness Magna, 9.
,, Parva, 10. Norton in- Hales, 30. Peplow, 32. Pettcn, II. Prees, 15,
Ruyton- r i-Towns, 11. Stoke-on Tern, 32. Tilstock, 17. Wclshampton, 13. West Felton, 6. Weston Lullingford, 13. Weston-under-Ke I Castle, 34. Whitchurch Deanery, 13. Whitchurch, 17. Whixall, 19. Woore, 1. Church Plate. Chirbury, 50.
Ribbesford (co. Wore), 52. Churchwardens' Accounts, Ex- tracts from.
Cheswardine, 22.
Moreton Say, 30.
Shrewsbury Abbey, 188, 276. ,, St. Julian's, 251.
Stoke-on-Tern. 33.
Tong, 18S.
West Felton, 7.
Worfield, 219. Civil War, Commonwealth and
Restoration.
Churches damaged, 273, 274, 275. Churchwardens' Accounts, 288. Ecclesiastical Acts of Parliament, 241.
Impropriations, 277. Incumbents, Grants to, 278, 28P.
,, Parliamentarian, 250.
,, Pluralist, 254.
,, Presbyterian, 270.
,, Refusal ot Covenant
by, 254.
Incumbents, Royalist, 248, 250,
253, 264, etc. Index of Parishes Affected, 30&
GENERAL INDEX TO VOL. VII.
xvii
Civil War, Commonwealth and Re- storation— ro;/ tin tied, Marriages before Justices, 2S3. Ministers Assistant, List of, 284.
,, Ejected, 281, 28.', 285. Resignations After Act of Unifor- mity, 297. Retirement of Intruding Ministers, 291.
Farish Regis ers, 287. Pendrill Family, Deeds Relating to, 190.
Pendrill Family, Pensions Granted
to, 188. Popish Practices, 254. Presbyterian Classes Established,
242.
Presbyterian Classes Abolished, 243.
Presbyterian Classes, List ot, 263 Puritan Nominations to Benefices, 289.
Clark-Maxwell, Rev. W. G., M.a.. F.S.A.
On the Library of More Church, Salop, 115. Cleeton, 103, 356. Cleobury Mortimer, 106, 107. Cobbold, E. S., C.E., F.G.S.
Shropshire Earth-works, 166. Codsall, 181. Colchester, 106. Condover, Hundred of, 352. Corfton (Diddlebury), 1 4 1 . Corvedale, 125, 134. Cranage, Rev. D. II S., M.A.,
F.S.A.
A Benedictine Abbey in the Middle Ages, x. Cressage, 130, Cromwell, \ liver, 179.
D
Diddlebury, 139, 388. Dodmore, near Ludlow, 85, 89. Dolguog (co. Montgomery), 3b. Downton (Upton Magna), iy5. Drlnkwater, Rev. C. FL, M.A. The Augustinian Friars. Shrews- bury, 105. Montford Bridge, Tolls, Customs,
etc., A.D. 1285— 1412, 65. Shrewsbury Paving and Other Ac- counts, 54 Henry III., A.D. 1269— 1270, 193. Dudmaston, 372.
E
Eardington, 129.
Eardiston, 133. J
Earl's Hill, 167, 175.
Camp, 1C9. East-Wall, 130.
Eaton-under-H ay wood, 125, 130.
Ecclesiastical History of Shropshire during the Civil War, Common- wealth, and Restoration, Rev. j. E. Auden, 1\1.A., 241.
Edgbold (Mcole Brace), 365.
Edward the Confessor, 152.
Edward II., 3^9.
Edward IV., 1^9.
Elizabeth, 36.
Ermstrey Park (Diddlebury), 144. Evelith Mill, 184. Evenwood, /.v.
Excavations at Haughmontl Abbey,
H. K. 11. Southain, F.S.A., vii. Lyton-on-Severn, 39.
F
Families.
Carrington, 131.
De Beysin 356.
De Ludlow, bcj.
De Scotots, 353.
Harewell, 131.
Herbert of Cheibury, 35.
,, A uckross, 35.
Hcorde, 332.
Hunt of Boreatton, it. ,, Longnor, i.
More, 134. . (
Mortimer, 88, 149.
Passey, 92.
Pendrill, I79.
Winnington-Ingram, 53. First Bailiffs of Ludlow, Henry T.
Weyman, F. S.A., 149. Flktchkr, Rev. W. G. D., M.A., F. S.A-
Deed Relating to the Reparation of Ciive Chapel, 10th August, 1578, ix.
Heralds' Certificate of the Arms and Pedigree of Hunt of Longnor, 1623, i.
Mandate by Edward III. to the Sheriff of Salop to Arrest an Apostate Monk of Shrewsbury, 20th November, 1372, vi.
Papal Indulgence lor Battle-fieid Church, vii.
Shropshire Deeds, v.
Shropshire Feet of Fines, A.D. 1218— 1248, 379.
Shropshire Lay Subsidy Roll of 1327, (Introductions to) The Hun- dred of Overs, 351 ; Shrewsbury and Liberties, 360; Bridgnorth and liberties, 374
XVttl
GENERAL INDEX TO VOL. VII.
Fletcher, Rev. W. G. D., M.A., F.S.A. continued.
Some Proceedings at the Shropshire
Assizes 1414, 390. The Late Edward Calvert, LL.D.,
397- Feiton, 89.
Gifts of Deeds relating to- Baschurch, v. Bishop's Castle, v. Bridgnorth, v. Child's Ercall, v. Church Aston, v. Clive, v.
Drayton in-Hales, v. Newport, v. North wood, v. Shrewsbury, v. Tibberton, v. Tilley, v. Thongland, v. Wem, v. Whitchurch, v. Withimjton, v. Greet, 357.
, H
Haughmond Abbey, vii. Hales, 379. Harnage, 130. Hcdgcote V ield Hen Dinas. or
Nurse, Mil. Hen Dinas (Oswesiry), xvii., Henley (Bitterley). 103. Henry II., 369. Henry III., 369. Henry V., 390. Henry VIII., 36. Herbert, Florentia C.
The Herberts of Cherbury
The Herberts of Cherbury tion, xiii. Heralds' Certificate of the Arms and
Pedigree of Hunt of Longnor, 1623,
Rev. W. G. D. Fletcher, i. Hill-upon-Cott (Bitterley), 104. Hope-Edwardes, E. C.
Upper Millichope, 125. Hubbal Grange, 179, 183. Hungerford, 130.
Battle of, 35.
Old Oswestry, John
35-
1 Gorrec-
I
Incumbents, Shropshire.
Aiberbury, 392. Bitterley, 95,101. Bishop's Castle, Brampton Bryan, 116. 116.
Clive, x.
Ciun, 116.
Diddlebury, 139.
Edgmond, 395.
Ellesmere, 5.
Habberley, 393.
Llansihn, xvii.
Market Drayton 26, 27 (2)'. lriquisitio ad quod
in, 112, 113. Index of Parishes named in 1 he Eccle- siastical History of Shropshire, in
the Civil War, etc., 308. Index of Parishes named in The Lay
Subsidy Roll of 1327, 375.
J
Saleruyen, 393. Shrewsbury, St.
Alkmond, 317. Stanton Lacy
100 (2). Stoke-on-Tern,
33-
Whetehull, 395. Dammum, 109,
James I., 39, 51. James 11., 49. Jews, Hardships of, John, King, 369.
79-
Lamp Meadow (Diddlebury), 145,
147- Lappol, 379. Larden, 135.
Lastes (co. Hereford), 385.
Lawley Hill, 167.
Lawton (Diddlebury), 144.
Letter written by the great Lord LI ill,
H. R. H. Southam, Hi. Library of More Church, Salop, Rev.
W. G. Clark-Maxwell, 115. List of Designations, 212.
,, Names in full, 217.
,, Personal Names, 212.
,, Place Nairn s, 213, 216.
,, Surnames, 212.
,, Trades and Occupations, 213. Little Withiford, 381, 383. Llansilin, xvi. Llanyblodwcl, xii. Long Forest, The, 129. Long Parliament, 52. London, St. Giles-in-the-Fields, 40. Louis XIII., 40. Ludlow, 149, 383, 991.
„ List ot Bailiffs of, 155, 157. 158, 159.
,, Palmers' Gild, 152.
,, Provosts of, 152, 154.
,, Wool Trade of, 15 r. Lutwych, 130. Lydbury, 390, 391. Lydley, 3S0.
156,
GENERAL INDEX TO VOL. VII.
xix
Lymore, 49.
Llyssin (co. Montgomery), 42, 48.
M
Madeley. 184.
Mandate by Edward III. to the Sheriff of Salop to Arrest an Apostate Monk of Shrewsbury, 20th Novem- ber, 1372, Rev. W. G. 1). Fletcher, vi.
Marchamley, 380. Market Drayton, 177. Maktin, Evelyn H.
A Terrier of the Parish of Diddle-
bury, 1637, 139. Gift of Shropshire Deeds to the Society by, v. Members, List of, xxiv. Meole Frace, 366. Middlehope ( Diddlebury), 142. Middleton ( Bitterley), 95, ioj.
,, (Chirbury), 385. Milbchope, I ovvcr, 129, 133. Mill, 130. Upper, 125.
Milsom, 355.
Minutes of Council Meetings, xix. Montgomery Castle, 36, 39, 40, 44. Montford L3ridge, Tolls, Customs, etc.,
A.D. 1285 to 1412, Rev. C H.
Drinkwater, 65. Munslow, 129.
N
Nash, 155. Neen Solars, 354. Kill's TI ill Camp, 173. Nivelle, Battle of, iv. Newport, 177.
Newton (Meole Brace), 367. Nobold (Meole Brace), 367. Nuusk, John.
Hen Dinas, or Old Oswestry, xiii.
O
Oakley Park, 4S. Overs, Hundred of, 352. Overton (Kichard's Castle), 384. Owen Glyndwr and Sycharth, Rev. T. Auden, xiii
P
Pampeluna, Siege of, Hi.
Papal Indulgence for Battlefield
Church, nth March, 1423, Rev. W.
G. D. Fletcher, vii. Patton, 130.
Pediguees.
Carin^ton, 132. Leighton, 136. Herbert, 62. Pemberton, 137.
Hunt, I. Pendrill, 190.
Peeton (Diddlebury), 142. Persons.
Abrahall, John, 390, 391. Acton, Sir Roger, 321. Adam, John, 392. Ainsworth, G., 17. Algar,*Earl of Mercia, 356. Anderson, Sir Henry, 95. Arnway, John, 256, Arundel, Richard Karl of, z-/., 69. Aiundell, Richard, 396. Auden, Charley, 95. Baldwin, Edward, [40. ,, John, 142, 146.
Roger, 87. ,, Thomas, i\G. William, 87. Beaupie, Agnes, 90.
,, Piers, 85, 90. Belesme, Robert de, 369. Benson, Richaid, 92. Bettcn, James, 249. Beysyn, Walter, 352. Itooth, George (Lord Delamere). 49-
Booton, John, 99. Bradshaw, John, 46. Bromby, Sir Thomas, 37. Browker, Thomas, 95, 96. Hurd, Robert, 179, 180, 187, 189. Burley, John, 393. Burraid, Alice, 51. Butler, Humphrey, 99. Byryton, V\ illiam le, 362. Caloughton, William, 394. Calweton, John, 392. Careless, William, 178, 185. Carington (Smith) Charles, 1st
Baron, 131. Caringt' n, Constantia, 131.
,, Francis, 2nd Barcn, 131. ,, John (Smith), 131. ,, Michael, 132. Caumvile, John, 391, 392. Chaloner, Thomas, 262, 286, 301. Chabbenour, Richard de, 153. Cheilton, Bp. Thomas de, 128. Clerk, Matthew, 95. Cleveland, Earl of, 182. Clifford, Rosamund, 35K. Give, Edward, 2nd Lord, 57.
,, Robert, 1st Lord, 57.
,, Edward, Earl of Powis, 58.
2nd ,, 58,
xiv.
Gun, Ralph de, 85. Conyers, Sir John, 35.
XX
GENERAL INDEX TO VOL. VII.
Persons — continued. Corbet, John, 391, 393.
,, Roger, 39 1, 395. Corbett, S r Vincent, 249. Corinval), Henry de, 391 393. Cupper, John, 91. Dannett, Gerrard, 142, 14 7.
Leonard, 14 7. Dene, John de, 156. Derby, Earl of, 178, 182. Dod, John, 395. Dovill, Robert, 86, 87. Dunfovv, Hugh, 362. Edwards, Thomasin, 51.
,, Richard, 248, ?t\.
,, Sir Thomas, 357. Egerton, Lady Mary, 48. Ernulph, 106. Esthope, John, 392, 394. Eudon, William de, 352 Fisher, Samuel, 249. Fitzwarine, John, 88. Eleetwood, James, 257. Eox, Charles, 92.
Margaret, 54. Gamel, John, 362. GifTard, Charles, 178, 179, 182, 189. Gilbert, Thomas, 292, Glyndwr, Owen, xiii. Grene\\c ap Tudor, 154. Grey, Lord, xiii. Griffith, George, 256. Hagerwas, John, 67, 68. Hall, Richard, 93.
Thomas, 93. Hampton, Sir William, 227. Harding, William, 91. Hareweil, John, 131. Harvey, Christopher, 116. Hatcher, John, 95.
Thomas, 97. Herbert, Edward, 1st Lord of Cher- bury, 39.
Herbert, Richard, 2nd Lord of Cher- bury. 44.
Herbert, Henry, 1st Lord of Cher- bury (2nd creation), 53.
Herbert, Henry, 2nd Lord of Cher- bury (2nd creation), 53.
Herbert, Edward, 3rd Lord of Cher- bury (2nd creation), 47, 49.
Herbert, Henry, 4th Lord of Cher- bury (2nd creation), 49.
Herbert, Henry Arthur, 1st Lord of Cherbury (3rd creation), 54.
Herbert, Henry Arthur, 1st Earl ot Powis, 49, 56.
Herbert, George E. H. A., 2nd Earl of Powis. 57, xiv.
Herbert, Edward James, 3rd Earl of Powis, 59.
Herbert, George Charles, 4th Earl
of Powis, 36, 59. Herbert, W illiam, Marquis of Powis,
55-
Herbert, Peatrix, 42, 43, ,, Edward, 36. ,, Llorentia, 48, 54. ,, George, 38, 51. ,, Henrietta Antonia, 56, xiii., xiv. Herbert, Henry, 39, 49, 51, 53. ,, Margaret, 39. Mary, 39. Matthew, 36, 54. Percy Egerton, 59. ,, Sir Richard, 35, 36, 37. ,, Sir \\ illiam, 35. Hibernia, Agnes de, 315. Higgins, William, 259. Hilderbham, Samuel, 251, 302. Holford, Catht-rina Maria, 132. Boilings, John, 345, 346. Hoorde, Thomas, 332. Hothton, Roger de, vi. Huggeford, Walter de, 352. Hunt, John, 395.
,, Thomas, ii. Irland, Robert, 313. Jevan ap Meutryk, 393 Jevan ap V\ ylym, 317. Jones. Chief Justice 315. Jordan o( Ludford, 153. Kaynham, Thomas, 89. Kendale, Robert de, vi. Rnyght, John, 3 j 4. Kynaston, John, 314. Lacy, Margery de, 85, 87. ,j Koger de, 85, 152. ,, Walter de, 85, 153. Langford, John, 99. Lee, Sir Richard, 313. Legg, Richard, 161. Lewis, Thomas, r44, 146, 147. Littleton, Timothy, 96.
,, Sir Thomas, 96. Ludlow, Sir Lawrence de, 89, 15 1.
,, Nicholas of, 151. Lye, Sir John, 227. Lyney, Roger, 396. Mackworth, Humphrey, 177, 182, 279.
Melle, Alice (Amelia) de la, 3gr, 393-
Meres, Sir Thomas, 97. Melton, John, 341, 342. Montgomery, Larl of, 40. Moore, Charles, 94. More, Charles, 134.
,, John, 134, 135.
,, Katherine, 135.
,, Leighton, 135.
GENERAL INDEX TO VOL. VII.
xxi
Persons — continued. ji
More, Richard, 115, 116, 134.
„ Roger, 134-
,, Thomas, 134, 135, 261.
,, William, 134. Morehnll, Nicholas de, 89. Mortimer, Hugh de, 359.
,, Robert de, 358. Mortumari, Roger de, 70. Mounselowe, William, 394. Mytton, Colonel, 280. Needham, Gervas, 254. Newhorough, John, 95, 100 Newport, Magdalen, 37.
,, Sir Richard, 249 Normscott, John, 141, 147. Northumberland, Duchess of, 5S. Oflley, Elizabeth, 52. Orpe, Thomas, 258. Owen ap Maddock, 317. P irmenter, William lc, 362. Parys, John, 149, 365. Passey, John, 92.
Paulet, Geoige, Marquis of Win- chester, 53.
Pemberton, Edward, 136. ,, Itobert, 136.
Thomas, 136.
Pembroke, 1st Earl of, 35.
Perkys, Thomas, 393.
Perle, Reginald, 362.
Peshall, Nicholas, 391, 395.
Pierrepont, William, 251.
Pierson, Thomas, 116.
Pitch ford, Nicholas de 370.
Phelypps, fohri, 314.
Plowden, John, 390.
Powell, Vavasour, 279.
Powys, Lyttelton, 96. ,, Thomas, 90.
Projvde, Nicholas, 262.
Ramsey, Anne, 53.
Roden, Noah, 163.
Roscarrock, Edward, 178, 179, 18".
Salwey, Humphrey, 2151.
Say, Hugh de, 358. ,, Maigaret tie, 35S.
Richard tit/. Scrob, 353, 358,
Sharp, Ellis, 391, 393.
Siward, 85, 354.
Sinythe, Sir Edward, 112.
Sprenghouse, Roger, (8.
Stafford, Nicholas, 90.
Staunton, John, 89, 39}.
•Stette, Sybil de, 392.
Stevenes, Nicholas, vi.
S udley, Peter, 24s.
Stury, Sir Richard, 520, 32 r.
Synegere, John, 89.
Talbot, Erancis, 177, 182. 11 John, 237, 318.
Tallents, Francis, 300. Thursfield, Richard, 161. Torrington, 1st Earl ol, 36. 'Turvour, Richard, 91. Vaughan, William (Walter), no. Van Venloe, Jan, 3. Verdon, Nicholas de, 153. Verdun, Margery de, 87. Vernon, Reginald, 39$. Wallop, Mary, 53. Walcot, 'Thomas, 95, 96. Wele, John, 70, 391. Wellings, Charles, 146, 148. Wigley, Alice de, 87.
Thomas of, 85. ,, Roger of, 86. William of, 89. W ilbraham, Ro»er, 1 1. Wilding, James, 2^9, 272. Win Isor, Harriet Baroness, 58. V\ ooley, Edmund, 2C0. Wright, John, 132. Wygan, Benedicta, 317, 350. Yates, Elizabeth, 178.
,, Erancis, 178, 1S7. York, James Duke of, 149, 315. Pipes, Early Salopian, T. H. Thurs-
field, 160. Plowden, Hilling's Ring, 174. : Pontesbury Mound, 173.
King, 173 ■ Pontesford Hill, i65.
,, Camp, 167. Posenhall. 385.
Postern, Great (Diddlebury), 143.
Little (Diddlebury), 144. Portraits, Herbert Family, List of, 6r, 62.
1 Powis Castle, xiv.
Presthope, Human Remains Found at, Rev. R. Jowett Burton, iv,
Preston Gobbalds, 384. I Pulley. 367. j 1'ulverbatch, 385.
! Q
! Quatford, 373. Quat, 371.
R
Rheims, St. Rtmigius' Abbey, 356. Ribbesford (co. Worcester), 49, 51, 53-
Richard's Castle, 352. Roncesvalles, Hi. Royal Oak, 185. Rupert, Prince, 40, 315. Ru-.hl)ury, 130.
S
St. Margaret's Clee (Diddlebury), 144. Salter's Hill, 181,
XXII
GENERAL INDEX TO VOL. VII.
Sandford, 381. Sebastopol, 60. Severn Valley, 164. Silvington, 356. Snitton (Bitterley). 104. Shavington, 382, 389. Shawbury, 383. Shclton, 365. Shipton, 130.
SliKEWSBUKY, 362.
Castk, 177. Foreign Liberties, 364. Hundred, Places Contained in, 360. St. Chad, Canons of, 365. Streets and Places. Abbey Gate, 195. Asterton Grounds, 318. Bakestererowe, 322. Beeches Lane, 339. Bellstone, 336. Berington, 316. Bispestanes, 339. Black Friars, 312. Bridge Street, 337. Butcher Row, 320. Candelan, 324. Carnarvon Lane, 346. Carrier's Inn, 3 23. Castle Gate. 195. Chaddelode, igfi, 340. Chapmonstrete, 329. Cherlcton Hall, 324. Chepynge Street, 323. Claremont, 343.
ii'H, 332.
Cole Hall, 344. College Hill, 34 • Cowlone, 105. Crepull Lode, 337. Distaff Lane, 338. Dog L ane,343> Dogpole, 316. Drapers' Hall, 314. Fish Street, 339. Frankwell, 349. Frerelode, 196. Grope Lane, 321. Gullet Shut, 323. Gumbelstalstrete, 321. Hill's Lane, 345. Ilurd's Hall, 332. Jones' Mansion, 315. Kaymes Place. 348. Kellenstone, 325. Kiln Lane, 323, 324. Knokyns Lane, 345. Le Stallys, 323. Le Talbot, 319. Milk Street, 340.
Murivans (Myryvans), 324, 333, 347. Ox Lane, 315.
Peacock Shut, 330.
Rattens Lane, 349.
Romaldsham, 105, 330.
St. Blase's Chapel, 323.
St. Chad's Gate, 340.
St. Christopher's Corner, 316* Street, 316.
St. Maries Almshowsestrete, 313.
St. Mary's Chapel. 334.
St. Mary's Churchyard, 313.
St. Mary, Water Lane, 311.
St. Mary Magdalene's Chapel. 338.
St. George's Gate. 195.
St. Werborgh's Chapel, 327.
Schildeshalle, 334.
Sextiy Shut. 330.
Shoplatch, 323.
Stillyard Shut, 330.
Stury's Close, 340.
Swan Hill, 348.
Swan Hill Court House, 349.
Talbot Inn, 323.
Vaughan Place, 349.
Wax Chcre, 320. Shrewsbury Paving and Other Ac- counts, 54 Henry III., 1269 to 1270.
Rev. C. H. Drinkwater, 193. Shropshire.
Assizes, 1414, Some Proceedings at the, Rev. W. G. D. Fletcher, 390.
Church Bells (continued). [See list
under C] Deeds. Rev. W. G. D. Fletcher, v. Farly Salopian Pipes, T. H. Thurs-
field, 160 Earth Works. E. S. Cobbold, C.E ,
F. G.S., 166.
Feet of Fines, 1 218 — 1248. Rev.
W. G. D. Fletcher, 379. Lay Subsidy Roll, 1327. Rev. W.
G. 1). Fletcher, 35:. Southam, H. R. 1L, F.S.A. Exca- vations at Haughmond Abbey, vii. A Letter written by the great Lord
Hill, Hi. Soult, Marshal, Hi. Sparchford (Diddlebury), 142. Stanton Lacy, 85, 89. Stirchley, 388. Stokesay Castle, 151. Supposed Roman Villa at Evenwood,
Rev. Thomas Auden, ix. Sutton, 368.
Sutton. Great (Diddlebury), 144.
Little (Diddlebury), 144. Swinney (Broscley), 383. Sycharth, xiii.
T
Terrier of the Parish of Diddlebury, 1037. Fyelyn II. Martin, 139.
GENERAL INDEX TO VOL. VII.
XXI 11
'I hon glands, viii.
Thursfibld, T. H.
Early Salopian Tipes, 160.
Ticklerton, 130.
Tilsop (Burford), 355.
Tintein Abbey, 35.
long, 177. ,, Spiing Cojipice, 181
Topographical History of Shrewsbury. The Late Rev. John Brickdale Blake- way, edited by the Late William Phillips, 31 1
Traces of Pre-IIistoric Man. Rev. Thomas Auden, viii.
U
Uflington, 105.
U[)per Millichope. 1-'. C. Hope- Edwardcs, 125.
V
Vittoria, Battle of, Hi, IV
Waltkws, II. B., M.A., F.S.A.
Church Bells of Shropshire, Section
V., I. [See list under C ] Churchwardens' Accounts of the Parish of Worfield. Part IV, 210. Wenlock, 12S, 161 , 163. Westhope (Didd'ebury), 142, 146.
W KYMAN, IIknky T., F.S.A. First Bailiffs of Ludlow, 149. W igley, 85.
White Ladies. 178, 179. Whitchurch, 177.
,, Classis, 267.
Whitcliffe, 153. Whitton, 357.
Wigley. Henry T. Weyman, 85. Wigley, Protection Granted to Roger
de, 88. Wilderley Hill, 174. WiHiam of Orange, 49, 53, 97. Wills.
Beaupie, Piers, 90.
Coden, Walter, 159.
Dannet, J< hn, 147. ,, Thomas, 147.
Hall. Richard, 93.
Herbert, Edward, 1st Lord H. of Cherbury, 41.
Herbert, Richard, 2nd Lord of Cher- bury, 49.
Herbert, Henry, 4th Lord of Cher- bury, 50.
Herbert, William, 3rd Marqu:s of Powis, 55.
Herbert, George F. H. A., 2nd Farl of l;owis, xiv.
Newborough, John, 100.
Paris, William. 158.
Parsons, John, 94.
Passey, Richard, 92 Wooliston (Prees), 383. Wootten Wawen (co. Warwick), 131. Worfield, Churchwardens Accounts.
Extracts from, 219.
3rd Series, Vol. VII., Part. II.
transactions
OF THE
SRropsDirc flrclweoioflical
AND
natural fflstorp Socictp
ESTABLISHED 1877.
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
PART II.,
3RD SERIES, VOL. VII., 1907
PRINTED , FOR THE SOCIETY
SHREWSBURY:
AJDNITT AND NAUNTON, THE SQUARE
OSWESTRY:
WT> ODALL, M I N S II A L L , THOMAS A N.D. ,£ P
WOUDAM., MlNSHAl.L, IIIOMAS AN U CO. UVWKSTKV
CONTENTS. Paoi
The First Bailiffs of Ludlow. An Early Chapter in the History
of the Borough. By Henry T. Weyman, F.S.A. ... ... 149
Early Salopian Pipes. By T. H. Thursfield 160
Shropshire Earthworks. By E. S. Cobbold, C.E., F.G.S. ... 166
Charles II. and Tong. By the Rev. J. E. Auden, M.A. ... 177
Shrewsbury Paving and other Accounts, 54 Henry III., 1269-70. 193 A Roll preserved among the Borough Records. Transcribed
and Edited by the Rev. C. H. Drinkwater, M.A 193
The Churchwardens' Accounts of the Parish of Worfield.
Transcribed and Edited by H. B. Walters, M.A., F.S.A. ... 219
Ecclesiastical History of Shropshire during the Civil War, Commonwealth, and Restoration. By the Rev. J. E.
Auden. M. A., Vicar of Tong ... ... ... ... ... 241
MISCELLANEA:
VII. Papal Indulgence for Battlefield Church, 11 March, 1423 vii
VIII. Excavations at Haughmond Abbey vii
IX. Traces of Pre-historic Man viii
X. Supposed Roman Villa at^Evenwood ... ... ... ix
XI. Deed relating to the Reparation of the Clive Chapel, 10
August, 1578 ix
ILLUSTRATIONS.
Salopian Pipe Marks — Plate 1 160
„ ,, Plate 2 161
„ Plate 3 ... 162
m » Plate 4 163
„ 11 Rlate 5 164
„ „ Plate 6 165
Pontesford Hill Camp, 1905 167
Earl's Hill Camp, 1905 ... 169
Earl's Hill Camp, Sections 170
Pontesbury Mound, Nill's Hill Camp, and The Ring, 1905 ... 173
. Billing's Ring, 1904 174
3rd Series, Vol. VII., Part III.
transactions
OF THE
Shropshire Archaeological
AND
natural mstorp Societp
ESTABLISHED 1877
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
PART III., 3 ft I) S E R I E S , VOL. VII., 1907
PRINTED FOR THE SOCIETY.
SHREWSBURY: ADNITT AND NAUNTON, THE SQUARE
OSWESTRY : WOOD ALL, M IN SHALL, THOMAS AND CO
"*"" WOmUM, MlffVHAlX| ThOMAH AND CO. OSWESTRV
CONTENTS.
Page
The Topographical History of Shrewsbury. By the late Rev. John Brickdale Blakeway, M.A*., F.S.A. Edited by the late William Phillips, F.L.S. {Concluded) 311
The Shropshire Lay Subsidy Roll of 1327 : Hundred of Overs, Shrewsbury Hundred or Liberties, and Bridgnorth and Liberties. With Introductions by the Rev. W. G. D. Fletcher, M.A., F.S.A., and Notes by Miss Auden. (Concluded) * 351
Index of the Places named in the Subsidy Roll of 1327 ... 375
Shropshire Feet of Fines, 12 18 — 1 248. {Continued) ... .. 379
Some Proceedings at the Shropshire Assizes, 14 14. Edited by
the Rev. W. G. D. Fletcher, M.A., F.S.A 390
The late Edward Calvert, LL.D 397
MISCELLANEA:
XII. Hen Dinas, or Old Oswestry ... xiii
XIII. The Herberts of Cherbury,— A Correction xiii
General Index to Volume VII ... xv
Title Page and Contents to Vol. VII., Annual Meeting, Annual Excursion, Officers, List of Members, and Statement of Accounts ... ... ... ... ... i — xxx
ILLUSTRATIONS. Sycharth : the site of Owen Glyndwr's residence
Portrait of the late Edward Calvert, LL.D.
xiii 397
NOTICE TO MEMBERS.
The Council respectfully solicit contributions of Papers, specially Parochial Histories, for future volumes of the Transactions of the Society.
The Society does not hold itself responsible for the Statements, Opinions, or Errors of Authors of Papers.
A few copies of Blakeway's History of the Liberties of Shrewsbury, 500 pages, in cloth, can still be had from Messrs. Adnitt and Naunton, price 11/6. It contains the history of 34 villages and townships in the neighbourhood of Shrewsbury.
150 copies of the twelve Papers on The Battle of Shrewsbury, Battlefield Church and College, &c, together with ten Notes from Miscellanea, and a full account of the Proceedings of the 500th Anniversary, have been reprinted from the Transactions as a special book. This Volume, which contains about 250 pages and 17 Illustrations, is bound in cloth, and will be issued to Members at 10/6, post free 11/-. Application for copies should be made to Messrs. Adnitt and Naunton, The Square, Shrewsbury,
Any Member of the Society may obtain for his own use the eleven volumes of the First Series of the Transactions (of which very few copies now remain) at Five and a half Guineas per set, and the twelve volumes of the Second Series at Six Guineas per set. Or the First and Second Series together may be had for Ten Guineas per set of twenty-three volumes. Application for copies should be made to Mr. A. E. COOPER, Dogpole, Shrewsbury.
THE MUSEUM
IS LOCATED IN THK
OLD PR EE GRAMMAR SCHOOL BUILDINGS, Shrkwsbury,
AND IS AT ALL TIMKS FRKK,
Hjonorni'g itfiiriilor* of the jRn&euni :
P H A N E HOG AMIC AND ) . . . W. p, HAMILTON, ESQ.
CUYPTOGAMIC IIOTANY j
Concuology J. COSMO M ELY ILL, Esq., M.A., F.L.S., F.Z.S. Geclogy - • ROBERT A. BUDDICOM, Esq.
Entomology ------
Numismatics, &c - R. LLOYD KENYON, Esq., M.A., J.P. Zoology - .... - II. E. HARRIES, Esq.
Archeology .... Rev. T. AUDEN, M.A., F.S.A. Line Arts, ike. H R. H. SOUTH AM, Esq., E.S.A., KR.Hist.S.
i
:
SHROPSHIRE ARCH^OLOGICAL
., ... AND
NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY, g 1907, „
• JJrcsibent : 1 . \ . ; The Right Hon. Lord!,* Barnard.
His Grace The Duke of Sutherland The Right Hon. The Earl of Povvis The Right Hon, The Earl Brownlow The Rt. Hon. The Earl of Bradford The Rt. Hon. The Earl of Liverpool, F.S.A.
The Rt. Hon. Viscount Boyne The Right Rev. The Lord Bishop- <Vk
Lichfield The Right Rev. The Lord Bishop of
Hereford
The Right 'Hon, Lord Kenyon
The Right Hon. Lord Forester
Sir Walter O. Corbet, Bart.
Sir Offley Wake man, Burt.
The Right Rev. Bishop Allen \i'
Rev. Prebendary W. H. Egerton, M A
R. Lloyd Kenyon, Esq.
H. D. Greene, Esq., K.C.
Rev. Prebendary H. W. Moss, M.A.
Algernon Heijer-Percy, Esq.
\V. H. Foster, Esq.
Rev. Prebendary T.Auden, M.A,, F.S.A.,
Condover (Chairman) ... Miss Auden, F. k.Hist.S., Condover Rev. J. R. Burton, B.A., Bitterley E. Calvert, Esq , LL.D., Shrewsbury Rev. Vv\ G. Clark-Maxwell, M.A.,
F.S.A., Clunbury Rev. I). H. S. Cranage, M.A , .F.S.A.,.
Cambridge . [bury
Rev. C H. Drinkwater, M.A., Shrews-
council :
Rev. W. G. D. Fletcher, M.A., F Oxon
Charles Fortey, Esq., Ludlow Miss Hope-Edwardes, Netley Hall | S. M. Morris, Esq., Shrewsbury E C. Peele, Esq., Shrewsbury H. R. H. Southam, Esq., F.S.A.,
F.R. Hist. S., Shrewsbury Rev. A.Thursby Piclham, M.A.,Coun 1 Henry T. Weyman, Esq., F.S.A., Ludlovd
- 'J
dEbitorM Committee : E. Calvert, Esq., LL.D,. Rev. VV. G. D. Fletcher, M.A., F.S.A.
Rev. Prebendary Auden, M.A., F.S.A. Rev. C. H. Drinkwater, M.A.
.: : gjon. <§ecretjtnj : • •.
Mr. H. W. Adnitt, The Square, Shrewsbury i '
JUeistnnt gecretaiii :
. • ,.. Mr. A. E. Cooper, Dogpole, Shrewsbury
• i"- JUbitor :
E, Calvert, Esq,, LL.D.
Messrs. Eyton, Burton, and Co., Shrewsbury
2S 1