LIBRARY

OF THE

1

MASSACHUSETTS

AGRICULTURAL

COLLEGE

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4r_JHll4

SOURCE

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SPECIAL COl4*rtOIP
^ ARCHIVES

.FK 1 ^:^

ON

THE CULTURE

OF

THE CUCUMBER:

SHEWING

A NEW AND ADVANTAGEOUS METHOD OF
CULTIVATING THAT PLANT,

FULL DIRECTIONS FOR THE MANAGEMENT THEREOF, AND

THE DEGREE OF HEAT IT REQUIRES ON EVERY DAY

OF THE YEAR ;

AND

A Meteorological Journal of the Weather and Temperature
of the Climate in Lat. 51° 20' North, Long, o" 1'
Eaft of London.

BY JAMES MTHAIL,

GARDENER TO THE RIGHT HON. LORD HAV/KESBURT.

SECOND EDITION.

LP N D O N:

PRINTED FOR T. CADELL, JUNIOR, AND W. DAVIES,

(SUCCFSSORS TO MR. CADCLL) IN 1 H E STRAND;

ND BELL AND BRADi^UTE, AT EDINBURGH.

1795-
[€ntcf ci) at &xnxmn'$'mii.}

Complaints among Gardenen having heen made re^

JpeBing the high price of the Treaiife on the Culture of

the Cucumhery for the accommodation of thefe^ it is now

feparated from the Effay on Agriculture^ which reduces

the price to Five Shillings in hoards.

The Hints and Ohfervations on Agriculture^ with a
copious Introdu^ion, are fold hy the Author^ and at the
Bookfellers.

Advertisement.

^j^HOSE gardeners of my acquaintance, to
whom I have explained the principles of
my new method of cultivadog and managing
the*Cu:umber Plant, approve of it; but they, in
generalj fay, Of what ufe will your method be
to us, feeing w*e cannot put it in pradice with-
out the knowledge and approbation of our maf-
ters ; becaufe the bed muft be built of bricks ?
This is, undoubtedly, a juft and v/eighty ob-
fervation ; but, confidering the fmall expenfe "*"
attending the building of a brick bed after my
plan, and the many advantages arifuig there-
from, I cannot, for a moment, entertain a doubt
that gentlemen will have the leaft objedion to
adopting the method : For I have always found,
and I believe, moft gentlemen are forward and
liberal in encouraging gardening in all its
branches, particularly thofe which furnifli their

* To build a bed for a three-light frame will require only about
760 bricks, 1^6 tileS; v.n6, lime, and labour.

a 2 tables

IV ADVERTISEMENT.

tables with a fucceffion of choice, wholefomc,
ufeful, rare fruits and vegetables.

But granting that gentlemen will not allow
their gardeners a brick bed, yet I am in hopes
that the diredlions which I have given relative
to flopping the plants, fetting the fruit, mould,
heat, water, air, &c. will prove ufeful to many,
efpecially to young men, even in the manage-
ment and culture of the cucumber on a dung
bed : This will infallibly be the cafe, if that be
true, in general, which is faid by a refpe£table
modern author, I mean Dr. Hunter ; for in his
edition of Evelyn's Silva, publifhed in the year
1786, vol. ii. p. 143, he fays, " The gardeners
advife that the barren flowers of cucumber
plants fliould be carefully plucked off, by reafon
they think thefe deprive the plants too much of
its nourifhment; but, without doubt, they are
miftaken ; for the reafon why the fruit drops
off is, for want of being impregnated, and not
for want of nfourifliment, as is the vulgar opi^
nion." And nearly the fame obfervations are
made by the Rev. Robert Pierfon, and publifhed
in Hunter's Georgical EfTays.

Both thefe learned gentlemen cenfure gar-
deners in general without giving fufficient di-
reftions themfelves for performing what we
gardeners call fetting the fruit. This fpirit of

cenfo-

ADVERTISEMENT. V

cenforioufnefs may eaiily be accounted for, inaC-
much as theie eminent philofophizing literary
gentlemen have the theory, but are without the
pradlice*: They, therefore, attribute the fre-
quent failure of gardeners' crops of cucumbers
to their not knowing that the plants bear male
andfemaleflowers;butIam clearly of opinion (and
I doubt not but in this I fhall have a majority,
at leaft, of practical gardeners on my fide), that
the frequent failure of crops of cucumbers arifes
not fo much from ignorance in gardeners re-
fpeding the plants bearing male and female
flowers, as from caufes with which thefe philo-
fophers are probably not fo well acquainted.

For my own part, rather than be without a
brick bed for the culture of early cucumbers,
I would be at the expenfe myfelf: The lofs
would be only that of the lime and labour, for
the bricks retain their goodnefs.

It is known that I offered to publifh a method of
deftroying the infers, and of healing the difeafes
which are natural to, and frequently deftrudi ve of,

* An obftacle to the progrefs of arts and fciences has been the^
negled of pradice in theoretical men, and the ij'Tnorance or con-
tempt of theory in mere pradlical men ; and feveral, who have
written on gardening, have taken more pains, and fhown greater
abilities in informing gentlemen what gardeners ought to do,
than they have done in teaching gardeners how to do.

a 3 the

VI ADVERTISEMENT.

the pine-appIe, melon, and cucumber plants,
Some people may therefore be fomewhat difap-
pointed when they perceive that in this volume
there is no receipt, remedy, or cure, given for
that purpcfe.

Had I obtained fubfcriptions fufficient to have
defrayed the expenfe, I meant to have pubUfhed
another volume, including my method of cul-
tivating the melon and pine-apple; and to have
divulged a fmgular way of extirpating the in-
fers, and of healing the difeafes of the faid
plants; but having come fhort in my fubfcrip-
tion lift, for the prefent I have confined myfelf
to the culture of the cucumber only: But for
the fatisfaftion of thofe who are troubled with
difeafes or infeds in the progrefs of the ma-
nagement of their cucumber plants, I inform
them, that if they chufe to adopt my method of
culture, v/hich is the mofi cheap, fimple, fafe,
and eafy of any, neither difeafes * nor infeds will
moleft them, provided however that the feeds

* wSnails and flugs may fometimes be brought into the framesi
dong with the mould. Thefe may be expelled by the hand ;
but before the' plants are fct in the frames, boihng water maybe
poured plentlfuHy on the mould, flues, and frames, which will ef-
fedually dedroy all infedls that may have got in while the lights,
%vcre off, or have been brought in am.ong the mould.

Mice in dung beds are often very troublefome ; but my brick
bed isfo conllrudtcd that no moufe can enter.

whicl^

ADVERTISEMENT, Vli^

wJiich they fow, be free of infedion ; for it is
an inconteftable fadl that difeafes are fometimes
hereditary in vegetables as well as in animals*
And further, if any are. doubtful of their feeds
not being free of infection, or are not of a good
fort, if they chufe to fend or write to me free
of poftage, I will fend them, gratis, feeds of the
cucumber of my own faving, perfectly free of
infedlfon, and of as good a fort for forcing as
any in the kingdom.

In England fubfcriptions are become exceed-
ingly frequent, and their frequency has rendered
them liable to fome abufes which begin to giv^
them difcredit.

In the year 1 776, Mr. John Kennedy, gar-
dener to Sir Thomas Gafcoign, publifhed a book,
wherein he acknowledges that the pine-apple
plants under his management were for feveral
years in a very unprofperous ftate, occafioned
by their, being infefted with infe<2:s, and that he
tried every remedy that had been before pub^
Hihed, but found them all ineffedlual; but that
at laft he found out a never-failing remedy j this
remedy he in that book publifhed, and which is
generally known.

In the year 1779, Mr. William Speechly,
gardener to the Duke of Portland, publifhed a
pamphlet, price one guinea, on the culture of

a 4 the

viii . ABVERTISExMENT.

the pine-apple, containing 174 pages, 72 of
which are taken up in defcribing the different
fpecies of infefts which infeft forcing-houfes
and frames, and in giving receipts and prefcrip-
tions for their deftrudion. This author imitates
the former, in faying that he tried every method
he had heard of, both public and private, but
tiil to no purpofe^ but that after many experi-
ments, he luckily happened to fall on a never-
failing remedy; this remedy, he fays he has
given with exaft precifion.

Thefe two authors acknowledge the publi-
cation of many remedies, but pronounce them
all ineffed:ual, except thofe of t heir own inven-
tion, which each in his lurn. holds forth as being
infallible. But in this they feem to have writ-
ten rather uncandidly; becaufe they have neither
quoted thofe authors v/ho invented and pub-
lifhed remedies before they did, nor have made
comparifon betwixt thofe ever-failing, and their
never-failing remedies.

Again, in the year 1791, Mr. "William Forfyth,
gardener to the King, at Kenfmgton, publiflied
a pamphlet, fetting forth a never-failing cure for
the difeafes, defeds, and injuries, in all kinds of
fruit and foreft trees. This author fays, " He
fubmits to the experience of the Public, a re-
medy difcovered by himfelf, which has been

applied

ADVERTISEMENT. iX

applied with never-failing fuccefs to all kinds
of fruit-trees ; and has not only prevented fur-
ther decay, but adually reftored vegetation,
and increafed fruitfulnefs even in fuch as were
apparently barren and decayed." And, in a
letter to the commiflioners of the land revenue,
he declares that " he is able to fuggeft a com-
plete remedy for all the defedls (meaning, as
may be gathered from the Commiflioners' letter,
the " defedts in growing trees of all ages which
have fuflained damage from any caufe what-
ever") ; " and that remedy he fuppofes to be
known only to himfel/, as it is not a remedy
drawn from books, or learned from men."
Thefe aflertions may, for any thing I know, be
true ; but in perufing Evelyn's Silva, which was
firfl publilhed in the year 1678, in vol. ii. p. 149,
I read the following paragraph, which has, at
leafl, a great fimilarity to that wonderful re-
medy difcovered and divulged by Mr. For-
fyth:

" Cankers, of all others the moft pernicious,
corroding, eating to the heart, and difficult to
cure (whether caufed by ftrokes or galling, or
by hot and burning l^nd), are to be cut out to
the quick, the fears implaftered with tar mingled
with oil, and over that a fpreading of loam, or
elfe with clay and dung."

The

^ ADVERTISEMENT.

The treatife written by Mr. Kennedy, as alfo
that by Mr. Speechly, were publifhed by fub-
fcription; and the one written by Mr. Forfyth
was, as I have been informed, intended for fub-
fcription; but government thinking the dif-
clofure of the fecret might tend to the benefit
of the public, gave the author a reward for its
difcovery.

Notwithilanding all this, it is flill acknow-
kdged by thofe whofe knowledge is not local,
that on an average one half, at leaft, of the
melon and cucumber plants raifed in this king-
dom yearly, are, by difeafes and infects, brought
into a fickly ftate *, and frequently entirely de-
ftroyed: And, perhaps, not one houfe of pine-
apple plants in ten is, at this time, clear of
difeafes or infeds : The fame may be faid in re-
fped to the number of fruit and foreft trees.
This, to cYerj intelligent obicrver, being evi-
dently the cafe, there is ftill room for others to
come forvrard, and offer methods to effe£l that
which, in faO:, is not yet effeCied,

Of all thofe who have publiihed receipts or
remedies for the dcilrudtion of infe6ls on the
pine-apple plant, none, to my knowledge, have

* When pliuiJr. aro in a ficldy aalc they cannot produce good or
h^^iltliy fir. it,

c ever

ADVERTISEMENT, XI

ever even pretended to cleanfc an infedled hot*-
houfe, without moving, flnftjng, cutting oiT the
roots of the plants, walhing, removing the tan,
fumigating the houie with fulphur, &c. ; and
after all this trouble and expenfe, if there hap-
pen to be left alive in the houfe, or on the
plants, but one pair of male and female infeds
(even admitting the dodrine of univocal ge^
neration only)5thefe will fpeedily produce a nu-
jnerous oiFsprlng,

Thefe few quotations and obfervatiqns prove
to a demonftration, that in coming forward with
a profeffion of being in poiTeffion of an effi-
cacious remedy, which is not made public, I
only follow ftale precedents ; and akhough many
have not become fubfcribers to my intended
work, yet the number v\^hich have, convinces
me that the method is ftill v/anted and fought
for; and I believe nothing fo much hinders it
from receiving ^nore encouragement, as a ge-
neral belief of its proving as little efficacious
as thofe noftrums which have already met with
ample encouragement for the bringing them into
public view.

Having with mature deliberation confidered
thefe matters, I refolve to perfevere in offering
to publiih my method, and if it fliall happeu
^hat I am enabled fo to dOj it will accompany

a Treatife

^Xli ' ADVERTISEMENT.

a Treatife on the Culture of the Melon and Pine-
apple; and I mean to compare my fcheme of
deftroying the infedis and healing the dlfeafes of
the aforefaid plants with thofe methods which
are already publifhed; and in particular with
thofe of the three authors whom I have
quoted, and of w^hofe writings I defign taking
a retrofpec^ve view, not for the purpofe of
depreciatiort, but for that of inveftigation, and
that the Public may be able clearly to fee whofe
method is the moft preferable for healing the
difeafes, and for deftroying the infeds, which are
accounted detrimental to vegetation.

Mr. Speechly, after giving his receipt for the
deftrud:ion of thofe infeds which infeft the pine-
apple plant, fuggefts that a better and more
cafy remedy than his own might be invented ;
and for this end, he recommends that boiling
water be poured upon quickfilver or mercury,
and that the pine-apple plants be conftantly
watered with this water, which he fuppofes
would be fo impreg .ated by means of the quick-
filver, that the juices of the plants would there-
by in courfc of time be fo changed, that inftead
of continuing to be the natural and proper fub-
fiftenceof the infefts, they would become poifon-
ous to them. Thefe and fuch-like fuggeftions
are the fanciful imaginations of the mere fpe-

culative

ADVERTISEMENT. XUI

culative theoriftj and to the theorift only would
1 recommend the putting I'uch methods into
pradice; all gardeners, farmers, and cultivators,
of whatever name, defcription, or denomination,
I would caution againft trying or putting into
practice any theoretical experiments or methods
whatever, which in any way tend to vitiate or
fpoil the adive juices of plants; but, on the
contrary, would recommend and advife them to
endeavour to feed their plants at all times vnih
wholefome nutritive food. For luppofing w^ater
to be impregnated with quick-filver, mer-
cury, or fuch-like, would the plants receive
fuch water as food? and if they did, would
their juices be by it fo changed as to become
poifonous to the infects? and if they were, would
it not be dangerous for man to eat the fruit
which derived its nourifhment from the juices
thus vitiated?

Infedls are endowed with certain and deter-
minate powers and inclinations, imprefled on
them by the almighty Creator; by which thev
feem arbitrarily, and without their own know-
ledge or confcioufnefs, direded and impelled to
the performance of thofe various operations
which they execute with fuch unremitting in-
duftry and art. They have a natural difpofition
or fagacity, by virtue whereof they are enabled

to

XlV ADVERTISEMEN t,

to provide for themfelves, and know what iS
good for them, and are detefmined to propagate
their fpecies. This is inftind:, and is put into
adion by the natural and primitive principle of
felf-love, or by a love of pleafure, and aver-
fion to pain ; producing a voluntary inclination
to perform certain anions, which tend to their
Well-being and prefervation. To the perform-
ance of thefe adions they are particularly
prompted by their prefent fenfations, by ima-
gination fupplying the place of memory, and
other caufes. The wonderful effefrs produced
by thefe inftinftive appetites are further to be
attributed to the exquifite couftruclion in their
bodily conformation, particularly in the ftruc-
ture of the various organs vrith Vvdiich they ex-
ecute their opeiatlons, and to the fuperior per^
fedtion and acutenefs of their external fenfes,
by which they are quickly and diftindly in-*
formed of thofe qualities of objeds which moft
materially concern them. By this inftinft, each
tribe of infeds have a ftrong propenfity to re-*
fufe individually, and with their whole united
power, whatever in food or climate tends to
{horten their lives, or llacken their natural
progrefs.

Again, every infcdt has its proper plant, or
tribe of plants, which it naturally requires for

its

ADVERTISEMENT. XV

its nounfliment, and on vv-hlcli It generally lay^i
its eggs, and that on the moft concealed parts of
the plant ; and the plant, and infed: which at-
tacks it, are always natives of the fame climate,.
and therefore endure the fame degrees of heat
and cold.

In hopes to be enabled at feme future op-
portunity to dlfcufs and inveftigate thefe mat-
ters, I fhall for the prefent forbear to make any
more obfervations on the fubjedt : But from the
few which I have made, may be drawn the fol-
lowing conclufion, viz. That, when certain
plants are infefted and attacked by their natural
tribe of infeds, it is an exceedingly nice point
and curious operation to exterminate them, with-
out injuring the plants, or flopping them
their natural growth.

SUNDAY, April 27, 1794, was perhaps the
warmeft day ever remembered at that time of
the year in this part of the country ; for at noon
the mercury in Fahrenheit's thermometer, in the
fhade, flood at 77 degrees, and the day through-
out was proportionably warm.

PREFACE;

T AM not the firft who has written on the cul-
ture of the Cucumber, nor am I the firft who

has pretended to caufe that vegetable to produce
fruit in every month of the year * ; but I have
not known, or heard, of any gardener except
myfelf that has fo much as pretended to make
It appear that he could produce cucumbers in
every month of the year from the fame plants.

I do not fay, nor think, that I am poffefTed
of more dexterity, nor even of fo much, in the
management of the cucumber on a dung-bed, as
•fome are ; but I have invented a bed on which
I am confident that I can produce cucumbers
with more certainty, lefs expenfe f , and much

* Some have been at the pains and expenfe to have ripe fruit in
every month of the year, which is rather a curiofity than any real
advantage. Millar's Di(^. abridged. See Cucumis.

f Befides the faving in the dung and labour, the frames lafl
longer on a brick bed than on a dung bed j becaufe on the bricks
they Hand dry and fteady.

A lefs

Q PREFACE.

lefs laborious work to myfelf than any other
perfon can do on a bed made of dung. It may
not, therefore, be improper to give an account of
the means which led me to this invention,
and which I Ihall do as briefly as I can.

Before I came to live in this place, I had no
experience of beginning to grow cucumbers
ea-Her than about Chriftmas ; but when I came
to live in this neighbourhood,! was informed that
feveral of the neighbouring gardeners began
every year to fow their feeds precifely on the
20th day of October, and that they generally
cut fruit in January or February following.

It was in the month of January 1785 that I
came to live here, and I found nine lights of
tolerably good cucumber plants, from which I
cut fruit fome time in the month of March ;
but not long after that they became infeded
with the mildew ^', which brought them gradu-
ally to an untimely end : And the fame year I
had little or no better fuccefs with thofe under
hand and bell glafTes. Thus the firft year of
my fervitude in this place pafled over with no
fmall anxiety on my fide ; becaufe I failed in
having that vegetable either good or in plenty,
which was required in the family.

* I was informed that tke cucumber and melon plants in thi«
gardea had for many years been fubjedl to the mildew.

In

In the month of Odober 1785 I fowed the
feeds of the cucumber, from which I raifed very-
good plants ; and as I was allowed plenty of
dung, and had horfes and carts at my Command
to bring it, and labourers enough to work
and prepare it, I thought I might come to do a^
well as my neighbour ; but before the month
of March I found I was miftaken, and during
the year 1786 I had but little or no better fuc-*
cefs than in the preceding : My anxiety, there-
fore, was in no degree leffened, but on feveral
accounts rather increafed *.

The caufe of my failure I attributed to the
mildew and canker ; I therefore ftudied to
find out what was the caufe of thofe difeafes,
in order that I might endeavour to difcover a
remedy for their cure ; and, in procefs of time,
I was fortunate enough not only to find out
from what caufes they proceeded, and a method
of cure, but, what is ftill a better method, to
prevent the plants from being infeded. Yet,
notwithllanding my having acquired the pofTef-
fion of thefe attainments, I was ftill at a lofs

* None but thofe who fenfibly experience It, know the anxiety
of mind felt by a fervant calumniated, and in danger of lofing
both his place and character ; aid to have the profpe£l of being
deprived of the ordinary means of fubfiftence, either through
mahce, prejudice, or oppreffion, needs more than common flrength
®f mind to bear with patience.

A 2 how

4 PREFACE,

how to produce cucumbers fo early as a near
neighbour, or fo early as they were required
in the family ; for although I could, with much
labour and great attention, preferve the plants
alive through the winter, yet when the fpring
came, they were fo weak and feeble that they
were not able to produce fruit early, or in any
quantity.

I was advifed to apply for help to my neigh-
bour, who, I was informed, had fome fecret
method of promoting vegetation in winter, and
which, as is faid, was firft found out and prac-
tifed about Southgate, and that no perfon was
to be let into this fecret without paying a cer-
tain fum of money. The paying a little money
for fuch a clever thing I had no objection to ;
but I w^as rather loth to have it faid that I fhould
be taught by one who, it might be expeded, I
ought to be capable of teaching : This, how-
ever, was only a piece of pride, over which,
on due confideration, I for once obtained a
vidory. Accordingly I made application to
my neighbour and brother-gardener, who rea-
dily confented to difclofe to me the fecret on
condition that I fhould pay him five guineas ;
and fo a bargain was made with feeming good
will on both fides.

The

PREFACE. '^

The principal thing which I was taught for
my five guineas was to keep down the burning
heat of the dung about the roots of the plants by-
pouring water into the bed. This I confefs was
what I had not been fo v/ell verfed or inftru£ted
in before ; it therefore proved ferviceable to
me.

However, although I was well pleafed with
my inftrudor, becaufe I thought he kept back
no part of his knowledge from me, yet I was
by no means fatisfied with the fecret, as it was
termed ; for although it was what I was not
well fkilled in before, yet the laborious work,
continual attention, and great expenfe, were, in
no degree, curtailed or leflened, and fuccefs in
keeping the plants in a growing ftate during the
winter was ftill very precarious : And, indeed,
no wonder ; for I believe it would be an over-
match for the ingenuity of the greateft of our
modern artifans, philofophers, or naturalifts,
to find out methods, and give proper directions,
for rendering and keeping the air in the frames
of a dung-bed fweet, and to put and keep in
motion that degree of vegetative power which
is neceflary for the growth of a cucumber plant
during the winter months, when that grand
luminary, the fun, which is one of the principal
caufes of vegetation, is by the Maker of all or-

A 3 dered

g PREFACE,

dered for a time to withdraw fome part of hi|
frudifying heat from the regions in which we
live.

Having taken thefe matters into mature con-
fideration, I reafoned with myfelf in the follow-
ing manner ;

That the cucum.ber plant muft grow natu-?
turally, and v/ithout artificial heat, fomewhere.

That it does not appear to me that there is
any internal heat In the earth vv^hich effeds the
vegetation of a cucumber plant in its natural
climate, but what is raifed by the heat of the
fun ; and that, therefore, if the air in the frames
could, by any means, be kept up to a proper
degree of heat, there would be no occafion for
heat underneath the mould in which the plants

grow.

That in the common method of cultivating
the cucumber plant in the winter and early in
the fpring, the great difficulty arifes from the
want of heated fweet air, and that in trying to
get the air in the frames properly warmed, the
roots of the plants are often injured ; and as it
is the roots which carry the nourifhment to the
plant, if the roots are deftroyed or hurt, the
plant, of courfe, muft languilh till it has made
frefli roots again^

Thcf«

PREFACE, 5?

Thefe and fuch-like confiderations induced
me to make trial of feveral experiments, among
which were the following :

Of rotten dung I made a ridge or bed two
feet broad, thirty inches high, and as long as
the frames which were intended to be fet upon
it. On each fide of this ridge I made up a
lining of good warm dung, raifing it higher
than the ridge of rotten dung on account of
its finking; after that the frames and lights
were fet upon it, and managed in all other
refpe^ls as a common dung-bed.

Another experiment which I made trial of
was upon an old well-fettled dung cucumber
bed, in which I made holes here and there to
enable the heat of the linings to warm the air in
the frames.

A third experiment which I tried was with
green turfs, which I had cut handfomely, and
with them I built up the fides of the bed
cleverly, leaving and making vacuities for the
circulation of the fleam of the linings among the
turfs and underneath the mould in the frames.
Thefe three methods anfwered pretty well, but
they were only the prelude or leading to a better
and more durable plan ; for I thought of having
a bed built of bricks ; and, to be fliort> I
fchemed out a plan, and got it executedo

A 4 Tn

8 PREFACE,

In the firll brick bed which I had built, a flue
was carried length-wife in the middle of each
frame, and the hills of mould for the plants to
grow in were made upon this flue ; but I was
obliged to alter it, becaufe I found the heat, in-
troduced through means thereof, too power-
ful for the roots of the plants.

Alfo in the firfl bed I had fix leaden pipes
fixed in the frames, one end in the cover-
ings of the flues, and which communicated
with the fteam of the linings, and the other
end going through the north fide of the frames,
projecting about a foot beyond them : Thefe
pipes were intended to draw the heat out of the
flues occafionally. Alfo in each three-light
frame in the coverings of the flues I had round
holes made here and there, and wooden plugs
or fl:oppers fitted for them exadtly. Thefe holes
or apertures were to admit the fl:eam of the
linings when fweet to enter the frames among
the plants ; but thefe, as well as the pipes, I
found by experience to be ufelefs, and even in
fome refpeds rather hurtful : They are there-
fore juftly exploded, which renders a defcrip-
tion of their operations at this time altogether
unnecefl^ary.

In the firfl bed too the four-inch thick folid
walls between each three-light bed were carried

up

PREFACE. 5

-Up full of apertures exaftly the fame as the fides
■of the bed : But thefe did not anfwer ; becaufe
in windy weather there was no check to the
fleam of the flues, and therefore one end of
the frames was at times rendered too cold, and
the other too warm.

In treating of the culture of the cucumber,
I have, in the firft place, taken notice of thofe
parts of the globe in which I apprehend it natu-
rally grows, and in particular that part of the
world in which that vegetable w^as cultivated,
and held in eftimation by the ancients ; and it
appears from the lateft accounts we have, that
the inhabitants of that country (Egypt) ftill
continue to cultivate it in abundance, and even
make its fruit, .while in feafon, a part of their
daily fubfiftence.

Secondly, I have given diredions in what
fituation the bed fhould ftand, and how it ought
to be fheltered and protededfrom the high winds
and inclemency of the weather, and^have pointed
out what fort of foil I think is the bell for the cul-
ture of the plant, as alfo the fort of foil I ufe my-
felf, the materials it is made of, and the me-
thod of making it : I have fhown that the heat
of this climate is too little for the produdion of
the cucumber, and have made fome obfervations
on the nature and degree of heat it requires.

Thirdly,

to pkeface.

Thirdly, I have faid fomething about the
quantity and quality of water requifite for its
nourilhment, and have exhibited the ill confe-
quences arifmg from giving too much or too
little, and I have mentioned what degree of heat
and temperature the water fhould be of when it
is moft proper for the nourifhment and growth
of the plants.

Fourthly, I have pointed out the neceffity of
fupplying the plants at all times with frefh fweet
air, and have flidwn the bad confequences re-
fulting from their being fupplied with contami-
nated or impure air ; and I have given direc-
tions how to prevent unhealthy air from getting
into the frames among the plants, as well as
how to prevent impure air from being generat-
ed in the frames.

Fifthly, I have mentioned the method I take
in making and managing the linings, fo that the
air in the frames m.ay be kept up to a proper
degree of heat, and fufnciently fupplied with ve-
getCitive moifture : I have fet forth the necef-
fity of covering up the frames at nights, and re-
commended that particular attention fhould be
paid thereto, and have laid down my method
of covering and of uncovering.

Sixthly, I have defcribed my method of flop-
ping the plants, and of keeping them regularly

thia

PREFACE. IJ

thin both in their fhoots and in their leaves ; fo
that their nutritive juices may not be unnecef-
farily wafted in feeding fuperfluous branches and
leaves.

Seventhly, I have taken notice that the cu-
cumber plant bears male and female flowers ; it
therefore differs from the greateft number of
plants, whofe flowers are hermaphrodite, that is,
they contain within them the charaders of both
fexes *, or the male and female organs of gene-

raiion

* The fexuai fyftem is fuggefted and confirmed by the analogy
obfervable between the eggs of animals and feeds of plant?, both
ferving equally to the fame end, that is, that of propagating a
fimilar race ; and, by the remarks which have been made, that
when the feed of the female plant is not impregnated with the pro-
lific powder of the male, it bears no fruit, infomuch that as often
as the communication between the fexuai parts of plants hae been
intercepted, which is the caufe of their fecundity, they have
always proved barren. The authors of this fyflem, after exactly
anatomizing all the parts of the plant, aflign to each a name,
founded on its ufe and analogy to the parts of an animal.
Tims as to the male organs, the filaments are the fpermatic veffels,
the anthera the tefticles, and the duft of the anthera correfponds
to the fperm and feminal animalcules ; and as to the female, the
ftigma is the internal part of the female organ which receives the
duft, the ftyle anfwers to the vagina, the germ to the ovarv, and
the perlcarpium, or fecundated ovary, to the womb.

The fexuai fyftem was not wholly unknov/n to the ancients,
though their knowledge of it v/as very imperfed. Accordingly
"we find in the account by Herodotus of the country about Babylon
where palm-trees abounded, that it v/as a cuflom with the natives
in their culture of thefe plants to alTill the operations of nature by

gatleiing

IS PREFACE.

ration are in the fame fldwer. The flowers of
the cucumber plant being not of the hermaphro-
dite

gathering the flowers of the male trees, and carrying them to the
female. By this means they Iccured the ripening of the fruit,
which might elfe, on account of unfavourable feafons, or the
want of proper intermixture of the trees of each fex, have been
precarious, or, at leall, not to have been expeded in equal
quantities.

The ancients hadalfo fimilar notions concerning the fig. Theo-
phraftus obferves, tliat the charaderiilic and univerfal difference
among trees is that of their gender, whether male or female.
Anftotle fays, that we ought not to fancy that the intermingling
of fexes in plants is the fame as among animals ; however, there
feems to have been a difference of opinion among the ancients as
to the manner in which plants fhould be allowed to have a differ-
ence of fcx. Some apprehended that the two fexes exifted fepa-
rately, and others, thought that they were united. Empedocles
fays that plants were androgynous or hermaphroditical, or that
they were a compofitlon of both fexes. Ariflotle expreffes his
doubt upon this head. Empedocles called plants oviparous ; foe
the feed, or egg, according to his account, is the fruit of the ge-
nerative faculty, one part of which ferves to form the plant, and
the other to nourifh the germ and root ; and in animals of differ-
ent fexes we fee that nature, when they would procreate, impels
them to unite, and, like plants, to become one, that, from this
combination of tv^ro, there may fpring up another animal.

As to the manner in which fruits were impregnated, the an-
cients were not ignorant that it was by means of the prolific duft
contained in the flowers of the male ; and they remarked that the
fruits of trees never came to maturity till they had been cheriflied
with that duft. Upon this fiibjeft Anftotle fays, that if one ftiakesthe
duft of a branch of a male palm-tree over the female, the fruit willri-
pen quickly, and when the wind fhedsthis duft of the maleupon the fe-
male, it ripens apace, juftasifa branch of the male had been fufpend-
cd over the female. And Theophraftus obferves, that they bring the

male

PREFACE. 13

dite kind, it is neceffary, for the rendering it
prolific, that the male flowers, or fome quality

belong-

male to the female palm, in order to make her produce fruit. The
■ manner in which they proceed, fays he, is this: When the male
is in flower, they fele£l a branch abounding with that downy dull
which refides in the flower, and fhake this over the fruit of the
female; this operation prevents the fruit from becoming abortive,
and brings it foon to perfect maturity. Pliny aifo informs us that
naturalifts admit the diftinftion of iex not only in trees, but ia
herbs and in all plants, yet this is no-where more obfervable, he
adds, than in palms, the females of which never propagate but
when they are fecundated by the dull of the male. He calls the
female palms, deprived of male affifiance, barren widows ; he
compares tlie conjunction of thefc plants to that of animals, and
fays, that to generate fruit the female needs only the afperfion of
the duft or down of the flower of the male.

Zaluzianfcki feems to have been the firfl: among the moderns
who clearly diftinguirned from one another the male, the female,
and the hermaphrodite, plants. About one hundred 3'ears after
him Sir Thomas Millington and Dr. Grew communicated to the
Royal Society their obfervations on the impregnating dull of the
fiamina.

Camerarius, towards the end of the laft century, obferved, upoa
plucking off the ftamina of fome male plants, the buds that ought
to have produced came not to maturity. Malpeghi, Gccffry, and
Vaillant, have all carefully confidered the fecundating duft, the
latter of whom feems to have been the firll eyewitnefs of this
fecret of nature, the admirable operation that palfes in the flowers
©f plants between the organs of different fexes. Many authors
afterward applied themfclves to improve this fyftem, the principal
of whom were Morland, Logan, Van Royen, Bradley, Gotliel,
Ludwigius, Blair, Wolfms, Verdrees, and Monro ; but Linneus
had the honour of completing this fyflem by reducing all trees and
plants to particular claffes, . dillinguifhed by the number of their
{lamina or male oro-ans.

I The

14 PREFACf.

belonging to them, fhould co-operate with the
.female flowers ; therefore I have pointed out the
moft judicious method of performing that
operation.

Eighthly, I have mentioned what way the
flues and brick-work of the bed are to be fecur-
ed, fo that the fl:eam of the linings may not pe-

The fexiial hypotliefis, on its firfl appearance, was received with
all that caution which becomes an enhghtened age, and nature
was traced experimentally through all her variations before it was
imiverfally affented to. Tournefort refufed to give it a place in his
fyftem, and Pontedera, though he had carefully examined it,
treated it as chimerical. The learned Dr* Alfton, profeflbr of
botany in the univerfity of Edinburgh, violently oppofed it ; but
the proofs which Linneus has given amongft the aphorifms of his
Fundamenta Botanica, and further illuftrated in his Philofophia
Botanica, are fo clear, that the mind does not hefitatc a moment
in pronouncing animal and vegetable conception to be the fame,
but with this difference, that in animals fruition is voluntary, but
in vegetables neceffary and mechanical. The impregnation of the
female palm by the farina of the male, related by M. Mylius, ia
his letter to Dr. Watfon, eftabliflies the fa6l attefted by the anci-
ents concerning the palm-tree ; and as to the fru£lification in
other vegetables (though it may differ in particular circumftances,
ithas neverthelefs a conformity to that of the palm-tree with refpe<5t
to the parts fuppofed to be the organs of generation, which ar«
difcoverable either on the fame or in a feparate flower), we may,
from this fingle experiment, deduce an argument by analogy for
the confirmation of the whole fexual hypothefis.

Befides, a very ftriking proof of the analogy between plants and
animals may be drawn from obfervations made in their infant
il-ates, at which early period they feem nouriflied and protected in
a limilar manner.

netrate

PREFACE, 1^

netrate through them into the frames ; and I
have given directions in what manner the pits
are to be filled up firft with ftones, broken bricks,
or chalk, to drain the wet from the mould, and
then with mould for the plants to grow in.

Ninthly, I have given a fhort account of the
method generally praclifed in the cultivation of
early cucumbers on a dung-bed, and have taken
notice of fome of the difficulties and inconveni-
encies accompanying that mode of management^
and which now may be exploded ; becaufe a
better m.ethod is found out, and put in prac-
tice, and which is on a brick-bed fimple in its
conftruclion, free and eafy in its management :
The preferablenefs of this new method over that
of the old I have endeavoured to demonftrate,

Tenthly, I have given the method Vv^hich I
follow, and which I believe is generally prafli-
fed in the cultivation of cucumbers in fummer
in the open air trained from under hand or bell
glafles.

Laftly, I have made a few obfervations on
the m.anagement held forth in the annexed jour-
nal, I have pointed out the errors which I
fell into during the courfe of one year's manage-
ment, and have concluded with mentioning the
medium degree of heat which I wifh to keep
in the cucumber frames during the winter and
fpring months.

Upon

l6 PREFACE.^

Upon the whole, I am in hopes that thiaf
efFort of mine to render the cultivation of early-
cucumbers more intelligible, more eafy, and
more certain, will not prove ineffedual, but be
acceptable and ufeful to many whofe bufmefs it
is adually to perform the pradical part ; and I
am alfo not without fome hopes of its being ac-
ceptable, at leaft in forae degree, even to thofe
whofe bufmefs is not actually to cultivate, but
who admire and encourage the bringing to
perfe£l:ion fuch fruits and vegetables as are gene-
rally thought worthy of being brought forward
by means of artificial heat and moiflure, and
which, on account of the expenfe attending
the mode of their cultivation, and the fkill and
attention required in their management, have^
are, and ever will be, accounted rarities.

Addiscombe Place^

May I, 1794. i .al

INTRODUCTION.

FOR the fake of perfpicuity, and that no perfon
may be at a lofs to know my mode of manage-
ment, I have fubjoined a diary or journal, which
contains an accurate account of the degrees of heat
\vhich I kept in the cucumber frames, during one
year 5 and of every thing done, or thought neceflary
to be done, in the cultivation of the cucumber*

I have kept a journal for fome years ; and in the
medium heat which I kept in the frames during that
time, there is but little difference. 1 do not take
upon myfelf to affert, that my mode of management
with regard to heat, water, earth, and air^ is the
bed that can be ; but this I can with truth fay, that
with the degree of heat I keep, and the other co-
operating elements, the plants continue throughout
the feafon to produce plentiful crops of good, well-fia-
voured fruit.

If any perfon fliall think that the degree of heat

which I keep is too great, it is an eafy matter for

him to keep lefs ; and if any perfon at any time

Want more heat, it is eafiiy increafed, either by

larger coverings, lefs air, or more heat in the

linings,

B My

l8 IMTftODUCTIOW.

My method of keeping the fame plants in bearing
for fuch a length of time, is not a matter of mere
curiofity, but of real advantage, to thofe who wifli
to be conftantly fupplied with that vegetable. How-
ever, were the plants to be deftroyed in the months of
July or Auguft, and young plants in rcadinefs before-
hand to fubftitute in their place ; fuch a mode of ma-
nagement, for any thing I know, might be more
produdlive, than that of continuing on the fame
plants : But this I only give as theory. Unlefs it be
for curiofity, I do not think that it is worth any
gentleman's while, to try to have cucumbers for
more than eight or nine months in the year ; nor is
it perhaps one year in three, that they will fucceed,
in the months of November, December, January,
and to the middle of February.

I have frequently fown the feeds of cucumbers in
the month of Auguft, and have planted them in
boxes of mould, placed on the back flues of the hot-
houfe, not far from the glafs, and have fbmetimcs
cut fruit from them till about Chriftmas.

In warm parts of the country, the glaffes and
frames may be taken off the plants of the brick bed,
towards the latter end of June ; and, if the fummer
prove fine, the plants will bear for at leaft two
months : But to make fure of a conftant fupply of
good clear fruit, I think it befl: to keep on the glaffes
all the fummer.

Some gardeners take great pains in fhading their
plants, on days of hot funfhine ; this method I by
HO means coademn, but I feldora praSife iu

Wh«ii

rNtRObucttoK^ tf

When I cultivated the cucumber on beds made of
dung, early in the fpring I was frequently obliged
to (hade the plants from the rays of the fun, to pre-
vent their leaves from flagging; but fhading the
plants fo early, is a great hindrance to them.

When the cucumber plant cannot ftand the fun,
but droops its leaves when his rays dart themfelves
upon it, the plant is not in a good ftate of health,
or clfe air has been let in to the frames too fuddenly,
or in too great a quantity, or it wants water : If a
cucumber plant be in a good ftate of health, the rays
of the fun may fcorch its leaves, but they will not
caufe the plant to flag ; for the greater heat his rays
dart upon it, the more upright will its leaves ftand ;
for much heat makes the juices flow rapidly^ and
thereby the veifels of the plant, being filled with the
vegetative juices, are diftended, and the eredion of
the leaves of the plant greatly promoted.

It is not abfolutely neceflary to ufe thermometers
in the cucumber frames : I myfelf, and many others,
can manage the bed and frames very well without
them, efpecially without one plunged in the mould.
It may then be faid, why do I ufe them ? I anfwer,
firft for my own pleafure and fatisfadion j and fe-
€ondly, in order that I might the better give to
every on^ who chufes to read, an opportunity of
being able to approve or difapprove of my mode of
management ; And whether, in general opinion, the
fcale turn to approbation or difapprobation, yet the
fame caufe will always produce the fame effect ; and,
therefore, if any perfon chufes to keep the heat of

B 2 his

aO iNTRdDUCTlON",

his frames to nearly the fame degree as I do, to-
gether with a fufficiency of air and moifture, he
may rely upon being fuccefsful.

I do not mean, that the heat fhould be kept to
the very fame degree, on every identical day of every
year ; for that would be impoffible, unlefs every day
in every year were to be of the fame degree of heat :
But as that is not in natural vegetation, neither can
it be in artificial vegetation j for forcing vegetation
is only affifting the climate, where the climate falls
fliort In its produ6:ions.

The following regifler for one day, of the tempera-
ture of the open air, and of that of the cucumber
frame, may ferve to illullrate the foregoing para-
graph.

Tue/day, February 21/ly 1792*

iours,

. S.Th.

P.Th.

Ther.

Wind.

7

— .

7

s. w,

. Clear, and a brifk air of

8

72

78

10

s. w.

. Ditto. . [wind.

9

71

78

13

s. w.

, Bright funfhine.

10

72

78

18

s. w,

. Ditto.

II

78

78

21

w.

Ditto.

12

80

78

23

w.

Ditto.

2

85

79

25

w.

Ditto.

4

80

80

23

w.

Ditto.

8

—

16

w.

Clear, and nearly calm.

ID

—

J7

w.

Ditto.

If the regifter of this day be compared with that
of the fame day of the fame month of the fucceeding
year, 1793, ^ difference in the degrees of heat will
be feen j and fo it will happen, in a lefs or greater

degree,

INTRODUCTION, 21

degree, in every fucceeding year, month, or day.
But it may be obferved, that the difproportion is in
general greater in the open air, than in that of the
cucumber frames, efpecially in the 'winter and fpring
months.

In my journal I have given the degrees of heat?
according to the thermometer, in the open air in the
fhade, at different hours of each day, for twelve
months. The thermometer hung on a nail, whie h was
driven into a brick wall, having a north afped, and
the fouth fide of it covered from the dired rays of
the fun by a thicket of fhrubs. The ground at this
place lies on a declivity to the north, about one mile
northward of Addington hills, which are barren of
every vegetable, except heath of different forts.
Snow lies here for a fhort time after it is melted in
the adjacent country ; and the garden crops are later,
by eight or ten days, than they are in fome parts,
only about four or five miles diftant : This, I appre-
hend, is occafioned by the nature of the foil, which
is various, even in the fame field ; fome being a
fandy loam, fome a cold clay, and fome gravelly,
and underneath in fome parts is flrong clay, in other
parts fand and gravel, and fome parts are fpringy. In
this part of the country, it is but feldom that the
thermometer falls below 20, or rifes above 80 :
It vv'ould, therefore, feem that the medium heat is
about 50,

I have often tried the heat of the fprlngs in this

part of the country, and I never found them make

the mercury in the thermometer fall below 44, nor

B 3 raife

42 INTRODUCTION.

raife it above ^6, The medium heat of the water of
the fprings, therefore, feems to be the fame as the
medium heat of the open air : But the water of the
fprings is much lefs liable to change than the air is,
inafmuch as the caufe of the changes in both,
cannot operate with the fame, freedom on the one,
as it does on the other.

The greateft degree of cold I ever obferved, was
on Tuefday,^ the 21 ft of February 1792 : At feven
o'clock in the morning of that day, the mercury
flood at 7, and it rofe no higher that day than 25,
although the fun flione bright all day. And the hotteft
day I ever took notice of, was Sunday the 7th of July
1793, a regifter of which is to be feen in my journal.

It appears, from a regifter of the thermometer
kept at London by Dr. Heberden, for nine years
(that is, from the end of 1763 to the end of 1772),
that the mean heat, at eight in the morning, was
47 ; and by another regifter, kept at Hawkhill,
near Edinburgh, that the mean heat in that place,
during the fame period of time, was 46. By
regifters kept in London, and at Hawkhill, for the
years 1772, 1773, 1774, it appears that the mean
heat of thefe three years in London, at eight in the
morning, was 48 ; and at two in the afternoon,
^6 : And the mean heat of three years, both morn-
ing and afternoon, 52. And the mean heat at
Hawkhill, for the fame time, at eight o'clock in the
morning, was 45 ; and at two in the afternoon,
50 : And the mean heat for the morning and
afternoon, for the whole time, 47. The mean

heat

Thcr. without Ther. vrlthin

>775

■ Si 5 - 5^7

1776

- 5' I - 52 9

1777

- 510 - 53 0

1778

- 52 0 - 53 I

INTRODUCTIOK. JIJ

Aeat of fprings near Edinburgh, feems to be 47;
and London, 51. Phil. Tranf. vol. Ixv. From the
Meteorological Journals of the Royal Society, pub-
llfhed in the Philofophical Tranfadions, it appears
that the mean heights of the thermometer, kept with-
put and within the houfe, are as below :

For

And, therefore, according to thefe obfervations,
the metn heat of four years, eftimated by the exter-
nal thermometer, is 51. The lead height, during
this period, was on the 31ft of January 1776, at eight
o'clock in the morning, when it was 13: And
thegreateft height, which was on the 13th and 14th
of July 1778, at two in the afternoon, was 86.

It is well known that heat, in all bodies, has a
tendency to difFufe itfelf equally through every part
of them, till they become of the fame temperature :
Again, bodies of a large mafs are both cooled and
heated ilowly. Befides the mafs of matter, there are
two other confiderations of much importance, in the
flow or quick tranfmiffion of heat through bodies :
Thefe are, their difterent conducing powers, and
their being in a ftate of folidity or fluidity. The
conduding powers of heat are well known to be
very various in different bodies ; nor are they hitherto
reducible to any law, depending either upon the
^enfity or chemical properties of mattep;

B 4 Metals

24 INTRODUCTION,

Metals of all kinds are good conductors of heat 5
while glafs, in a heavy, folid, homogeneous body,
is an extremely bad conduftor, even when a metallic
calx enters largely into its, compofition, as in flint
glafs.

A ftate of fluidity greatly promotes the diffufion of
heat ; for a body in a fluid flate, by the particles
readily moving among each other, from their dif^
ferent denfities or other caufes, mixes the cold and
warm parts together, which occafions a quick com-?
munication of the heat. To apply thefe obfervations
to the prefent fubjedl : The fur face of the earth being
expofed to the great heats of fummer, and the colds
of winter 5 or, more properly, the low degree of heat
in winter ; will receive a larger proportion of heat in
the former feafon, and a f mailer in the latter : And
bjeing, further, of a large maft, and of a porous and
fpungy fubflance ; and, therefore, not quickly fenfible
to fmall variations of heat ; it will become of a mean
temperature at a certain depth between the heat of
fummer and cold of winter, provided it contain no
internal fource of heat v^ithin itfelf.

Water, though in a larger mafs, follows in fome
degree the heat and cold of our fummer and winter,
from the fluidity of its parts occafioning a more fpeedy
efl'ufion of heat,

,Air is quickly fufceptible of heat ; and from the
expanrions produced in it, and confequent motions
in the whole mafs, the temperature is rendered foon
TOiform. The changes in the heat of the air are
^^hat we have meafured ^ and we are to be under-

ftood

INTRODUCTION, 25

ftood to rpeak of them, when ^e talk of the tempe-
rature of fuinmer and winter. It may be afked then,
Is the heat of the fun ftrfl: communicated to the air,
and thereby to the earth ? No : The air is fufceptible
of a very fmall degree of heat, from the rays of the
fun palling through it ; for it is well known they
produce no heat in a tranfparent medium, and con-
fequently, that the air is only fo far heated as it differs
from a medium that is perfedly tranfparent.

The heat produced by the rays of the fun, bear a
proportion to their number, their duration, and thcijL'
falling more or lefs perpendicularly ; and it takes place
at the points where they ftrike an opaque and non-
refleding fur face.

The furface of the earth may, therefore, be con-
fidered as the place from whence the heat proceeds,
which is communicated to the air above, and the
earth below. That this is really the cafe, is evident,
from the fuperior degree of heat produced by the
action of the fun upon an opaque body, which v;ill
often be heated to 150 (Fahrenheit), while the tem-
perature of the air is not above 90. It may feem,
therefore, that, to meafure the heat communicated tp
the earth, it fhould be done at the furface. where the
action of the rays immediately takes place.

But though the heat be produced at the furface,
it is communicated freely to the air as well as to the
earth, from the rays of light acting for a longer time
upon the fame parts of matter : Yet there is little
doubt that much the greater part is carried ofF,
which as it is heated flies off, and allows a fref^

portion

i6 INTRODUCTION.

portion of cold air to come in conta(!t with the
heated furface.

But ftill it is immaterial, whether the heat of the
fun be excited more in the earth, than in the air ;
for whichever has the largefl: portion, will in the end
communicate a part to the other, and fo reflore the
balance. The fame obfervation applies to fuch caufe*
of cold as may operate at the furface of the earth j
as evaporation, and that taken notice of by Mr.
Wilfon. The air, therefore, near the furface of the
earth, will fhow by a thermometer in the fhade,
nearly, if not exadly, the fame degrees of heat that
the fun communicates to our terreftrial globe : And
if a mean of the heats thus fhown, be taken for the
year round, and we penetrate into the earth to that
depth that is no longer affeded either by the daily^
monthly, or annual variation of the heat j the tem-
perature at fuch a depth fhould be equal to the an-
:iiual mean above mentioned.

To afcertain this with the utmoft precifion, it mud
be obvious that numerous obfervations ihould be
made every day, correfponding to the frequent
changes of temperature, which are known to happen
in the twenty- four hours in all climates ; and upon
thefe a daily mean fhould be taken, and the annual
mean deduced therefrom. This has not yet been done :
But when we have obfervations, from which a mean
temperature can be deduced with any degree of
certainty, it will be found not to differ greatly
from the heat of deep caves or wells in the fame
climate.

If

INTRODUCTION. tj

A£ further experience and obfervation fliould con-
firm the above opinions, it "will be attended with
this advantage, that we fhall be poflefled of a ready
method of afcertaining the mean temperature of any
climate; which, with a few obfervations of the ex«
tremes of heat and cold at particular feafons, will
teach us as much of the country, with regard to heat
and cold, as the meteorological obfervations of feve-
ral years.

For obtaining the temperature of the earth, the
bed obfervations are probably to be colle6i:ed from
wells of confiderable depth, and in which there is
not much water. Springs iffuing from the earth,
although indicating the temperature of the ground
from whence they proceed, are not fo much to be
depended upon as wells ; for the courfe of the fpring
may be derived from high ground in the neighbour-
hood, and it will thence be colder : And it may run
fo near the furface, as to be liable to variations of
heat and cold, from fummer and winter ; or it may
be expofed to local caufes of heat in the bowels of
the earth.

Wells feem alfo better than deep caverns; for
the apertures to fuch are often large, and may admit
enough of the external air to occafion fome change in
their temperature. Wells are, however, not to be
met with in all places ; and in that cafe, we mud
remain fatisfied with the fprings.

The following obfervations were made in the ifland
of Jamaica, where there are flat lands in many part4
tow;irds the coaft, but all the interior part of the

country

^8 INTRODUCTION.

country is mountainous : The heat is greatefl In the
low lands, and decreafes as you afcend the mountains.
The town of Kingfton * is lupplied with water from
"wells ; the ground on which it flands rifes with a
gentle afcent, as you recede from the fea. In the
low parts of the town, the wells are but a few feet
deep, and many of them brackifh : The heat of the
water in fome of them is found to be as high as 82 ;
but they are evidently fo near the furface, as to be
afFedled by the heat of the feafons. As you afcend,
the wells are deeper ; and the temperature is nearly 80
in all of them : What variations there are, come with-
in one degree ; that is, half a degree lefs than 80, or
half a degree more. They are of different depths,
and fome not lefs than 100 feet ; though if they are of
half that depth, the temperature is nearly uniform.

Near Rock Fort is a fpring, immediately at the
foot of the long mountain ; of which, though not a
great body of water, the heat is 79. All the places
mentioned, are but little above the level of the fea;
probably not more than the depth of the wells, at
the refpeclive places.

The temperature of the air at Kingfton admits
but of fmall variations : The thermometer, at the
hotteft time of the day, and during the hotteft feafon
pf the year, ranges from 85 to 90. In the fevereft
feafon, and obferved about fun-rifmg, which is the
coldeft time in the twenty-four hours, it ranges;
from 70 to 77: It has been feen as low as 69,

* Kingfton lies In latitude i""* 50' north, and in longitude
76° 32' weft.

2 mi

JNTRODUCTTONTi ^gi,

and fometimes as high as 91. The annual mean
temperature cannot, therefore, either much exceed
or fall much fliort of 80, as indicated by the wells.
Pbilof. Tranf,

That heat and cold very much depend on the
clearnefs or darknefs of the iky, is attefted by facl \
for the winter gold in South America is very fliarp^
becaufe the atmofphere is loaded with clouds and icy
particles, which intercept the rays of the fun. At
Lima, in latitude 12° fouth, where the iky is never
free from vapours, the heat is moderate; but at the
diftance of a few miles, the fky is more ferene, and
there the heat is greater : And at Carthagena, in
latitude ii"" north, the heat on this account is
intolerable.

The different degrees of heat and cold in different
places, depend, in a very great meafure, upon the
accidents of fituation, with regard to mountains or
valleys, rivers, feas, and wood, and the nature of
the foil. Mountains, efpecially when they are lofty
and covered with fnow, greatly help to chill the air,
by the winds which come over them, and v/hich blov/
in eddies through the levels beyond.

Mountains fometimes turning a concave fide to-
wards the fun, have the eiTed of a burning mirror,
on the fubjed plain ; and the like efiecl may fome-
times be had from the concave or convex parts of
clouds, either by refradion or refiedion : And fome
even take thefe to be fufficient to kindle the exhala-
tions lodged in the air, and produce thunder and
lightning.

Jb INTRODUCTION^

As to foils : A ftoney, chalky, or fandy earth, it is
known, reflefts moft of the rays into the air again^
and retains but few, by which means a confiderablc
acceflion of heat is derived to the air ; as, on the con-
trary, black, loofe, and fwampy foils, abforb moft
of his rays, and return few into the air.

It is certain, that heat, communicated by the fum
to bodies on this earth, depends much upon other
circumftances, befides the dire£t force of his rays ;
thefe muft be modified by our atmofphere, and vari-
oufly refleded and combined by the adion of the fur-
face of the earth itfelf, to produce any remarkable
effe£ls of heat : So that, if it were not for thefe addi-
tional circumftances, it is much to be queftioned,
whether the naked heat of the fun would be very
fenfible.

To this purpofe it is obferved by Ulloa, in his
Voyage to Peru, that on the weftern fhore of that
country, from Santa Maria de la Purilla to Lima,
it is winter on the mountains from January or
February to June, whilft it is fummer in the vallies ;
but from June to November or December, it is
winter in the vallies, and fummer in the mountains.

It is found, by the fcieace of aftronomy, that
the fun is farther from the earth in fummer, than in
winter ^ but as the eccentricity of the earth's orbit
bears no greater proportion to the earth's mean
diftance from the fun, than 17 do to 1000, thi^
fmall difterence of diftancc cannot occafion any great
difference of heat or cold. But the principal caufc
©f the difference between the heat of fummer and

that

INTROBUCTIOK* JX

fhat of Winter is, that in fummer the rays of the fun
fall more perpendicularly, and pafs through a lefs
denfe or lefs thick part of the atniofphere; and,
therefore, fall with greater force and in greater num-
ber on the fame place : And befides, by their long
continuance, a much greater degree of heat is im^
parted by day, than flies off by night.

" A regiment, which had been abroad at Cartha-
gena and Jamaica, was afterwards ordered into th-e
Highlands of Scotland ; and on one day in particu-
lar, as they were on their march in the Highlandsj,
it was agreed by the officers and all the men, that
they had never felt the heat fo intolerable in the
Weft Indies */'

Suddien -changes from heat to cold, and from cold
to heat, make either feel greater than they really are :
In fummer, if you put your hand into a good fpriaig
or well, you cannot with eafe hold it long, on account
of cold; and in the winter, the fame fpring feels
warm, although the water of it be of the fame degree
of heat as it was in fummer. Again, if in fummer
you go into a cellar under ground, the air feels cold ;
but if you go into it in the winter, the air feels warm,
although its heat be nearly the fame at both timer,:
And in winter, when the open air is about freezings
if you go into a hot-houfe of about 6^ or 70 degrees
•f heat, it feels very warm. Hence we may infer, that
perhaps though the regiment thought the heat of the
Highlands in Scotland more intolerable than that of
Carthagena; yet, in fad, the heat of the Hlgh-

* Jooe»'* Ph^ioiogical Difquifitions, p. 267.

J2 INtRODUCTIOKi

lands might not be fo great as that of Cartliagefria^
To my certain knowledge, the weather in fome parts
of the Highlands of Scotland is very cold : The
nights are frequently frofty in the middle of fummer.
When I was a boy, I remember the ground to have
been covered with a deep fnow for thirteen weeks ;
I think it was about the year 1769. In the year
1791, at Croydon, which is ten miles fouth of Lon-
don, in the month of June there were feveral frofly
nights.

In Penfylvania, in latitude 40°, the cold brought
the mercury to 5, in 1732: At Paris, in 1709 and
17 10, the mercury funk to 8 : At Leyden, in 1729,
to 5: And at Utrecht, to 4. At London, in 1709
and 1710, the cold funk the fpirits almofl down to
the artificial cold of an ice and fait mixture : And in
1709, the mercury funk to o at Copenhagen, lat.
55° 43^ At Upfal, in 1732, the mercury was. at one
degree below o : And at Peterfburgh, lat. 59° ^6'^
the cold was fevere enough to fmk the mercury to
28 below 6. But in more northern latitudes, the
cold is" much more extreme. Maupertuis, who win-
tered at the north polar circle in 1736-7, found the
degree of cold at Torneo *, lat. 6^° 5 1 '^ fufficient to
have made the mercury fink to 33 below o: And
yet this degree of cold is inconfiderable, compared
tvith that which may be produced by art. In our
climate, the heat of the air is moll agreeable from 50
to 65- In captain Cook's voyage round the world,

* Torneo is a town in Sweden ; and it is faid, the cold is fo
fcveve tlicrc, that fometimes people lofe their fingers, and toes.-

m

INTRODUCTIOMi ^2

ih latitude 14.° 32'fouth, the thermometer was raifed
to 85, which was the higheft degree it got to during
his voyage round the world ; when he was croffing
the line it was about 80 and 82.

In Dixon's voyage the thermometer was never
above 9I5 and when in latitude 0° 8'fouth, which is
nearly under the equator, it was at 85 : This was
on February 27th, 1788.

" The heat in Bengal In the fummer months Is
variable in the (liade from 98 to 120 degrees, and in
the fun it probably does not fall ihort of 140 de-
grees *."

The following extract is taken from Marfden's
Hiftory of Sumatra :

" Sumatra is an ifland in the Eall Indies ; the
equator divides It In almod equal parts, the one ex-
tremity being In 5° 33' north, and the other in 5° ^6^
fouth latitude. It is found to lie 102^ eaft of Green-
wich* No country in the world is, perhaps, better
watered than this: Springs are found wherever they
are fought for ; the rivers on the weflern coail are
innumerable. The heat of the air Is by no means
fo intenfe as might be expe<5led in a country occupy-
ing the middle of the torrid zone ; It is more tem-
perate than In many regions without the tropics 5 the
thermometer, at the mofl: fultry hour, which Is akout
two In the afternoon, generally flucluating between
S2 and 85 degree*. I do not recollect to have ever
feen it higher than 86 in the (hade : At fun-rife It Is

* Dr. Watfon's Effays,

C Kfually

34 INTRODUCTION',

iifually as high as 78." I do not find that Mr. Marf-
den has mentioned the degree of heat of the fprings
in Sumatra.

Dr. Mofely, in his book on Tropical Difeafes, fays,
^' In countries between the tropics the heat is nearly
uniform, and feldoni has been known to vary through
the year on any given fpot, either by day or night,
more than 16 degrees. It is at a medium on the
coafl, and on the plains not much elevated above the
]evel of the fea, at about Bo degrees of Fahrenheit's,
or ai 21 degrees of Reaumer's thermometer."

From what I have already mentioned it appears,
that the heat of the wells of Kingflon in Jamaica is
about 30 degrees hotter than the wells in the neigh-
bourhood of London, and the difference of the heat
of the air is nearly the fame* Kingfton in Jamaica,
where the mean heat of the wells and air is So, is
about 17° north of the equator, and London about
51°; the difference, therefore, between London and
Kingflon is 34°, fo that the heat of the wells and air,
on a medium, increafes from London to Kingflon
about one degree of heat to every degree of latitude *.
Hence might we not, with fome degree of probabi-
lity, infer, that as the increafe of heat in 34° o-f lati-
tude is 30, the heat in 17° of latitude may increafe at
leall I o" ; and if it did, it would make the mean heat at
the equator 90 degrees. And, for my own part, 1 am
flrongly inclined to think, that at the centre of the
globe the mean heat of the air, as well as of the
earth, is about 90 degrees of Fahrenheit's thermo-

* Andfo it does between Edinburgli and London.

meter*

Introduction. 35

meter, and, perhaps, at the poles the mean cold is
as low as o.

Africa, as it were, Hands in the centre of the
globe, and, according to geographers, it is 43c o
miles long, and 3500 miles broad; and, from the
beft accounts we have, it is the hotted country in the
world.

" As the equator divides this extenfive country
almoll; in the middle, and the far greatefi: part of it
is within the tropics, the heat in many places is almoil
infupportable to an European, it being there in-
creafed by the refledion of the fun's rays from vail
deferts of burning fands. The coafts, however, and
banks of rivers, fuch as the Nile, are generally fer-
tile ; and mod parts of this region are inhabited,
though it is far from being fo populous as Europe or
Afia. In many parts of Africa fnow never falls in
the plains, and it feldom lies but on t-he tops of the
higheft mountains. The natives in thefe fcorching
regions would as foon exped that marble ihould melt
and flow in liquid ftreams, as that water, by freezing,
ihould lofe its fluidity, be arreded by the cold, and,
ceahng to flow, become Uke the folid rock.

" The annual exportation of poor creatures from
Africa hath exceeded ioo,oco, many of whom are
driven a thoufand miles to the fea-coaft, their villages
having been furrounded in the night by an armed
force, and the inhabitants dragged into perpetual
captivity. Thofe, who commit trefpaifes againft
their laws, are, at the decifion of twelve elders, fold
for Haves for the ufe of their government, and the

C 2 fupport

36 INfTRODUCTION,

fupport of their chiefs. Theft, adultery, and mur-
der, are the higheft crimes ; and whenever they are
detected, fubje£l the whole family to flavery. But
any individual condemned to flavery for the crime
of his relation, may redeem his own perfon by fur-
nifliing two flaves in his room ; or, when a man
commits one of the above cardinal crimes, all the
male part of his family are forfeited to flavery — if a
woman, the female part is fold : This traffic in crimes
makes the chiefs vigilant. Nor do our planters who
purchafe them, ufe any pains to inflrud them in re-
ligion, to make amends for the oppreffion thus exer-
cifed on them. I am forry to fay, they are naturally
averfe to every thing that tends to it ; yet the Portu*
guefe, and French, and Spaniards, in their fettle-
ments, fucceed in their attempts to inftrud them,
as much to the advantage cf commerce, as of reli-
gion. It is for the fake of Chriftianity, and the ad*
vantages accompanying it, that the Englifh flaves em-
brace every occafion of deferting to the fettlements
of thofe nations.

'^ It is high time for the legiflature to interfere, and
put an end to this moft infamous of all trades, f©
difgraceful to the Chriftian name, and fo repugnant
to the principles of our conftitution. Let the negroes
in Our iilands be properly treated, made free, and
encouragement given to their population — meafures
that would be attended with no lefs profit than ho-

*- Guthrie's Geography,

Africa,

INTRODUCTION. 37

Africa, comparatively fpeaking, is but little known,
modern travellers having penetrated no great way
into its interior parts ; fo that we are not only igno-
rant of the bounds of its interior parts, but even of
the names of feveral of the inland countries. From
the bed and latefl accounts we have of the inhabitants
of Africa, they are frequently at war with one ano-
ther. This is not much to be wondered at, when we
fee the profefled Chriftians and enlightened philofo-
phers of Europe caufing the fields to fwim with the
blood of each other.

In the year 1788 a number of noblemen and
gentlemen formed themfelves into a fociety for the
purpofe of promoting the difcovery of the inland
diftridts of Africa ; and they have publiflied their pro-
ceedings, which I have read ; but it does not appear
that they have yet made any great progrefs. In page
90 of their book it is faid, " The heats of Fezzan,
which begin in April, and continue till Novem-
ber, are intenfe ; that from 9 in the morning till fun-
fet the llreets are only frequented by the labouring
people, and even in the houfes refpiration would be
difficult, if the expedient of wetting the apartments
did not furnifli its falutary aid. Of this torrid cli-
mate the fiercenefs is chiefly felt from the month of
May to the end of Augufl, during which period the
courfe of the wind is ufually from the E., the S. E.,
and the S. W. ; and though from the two latter
points it blows with violence, the heat is often fuch
as to threaten inflant fufFocation ; but if it happens
to change, as for a few days it fometimes does> to

C 2 the

38 INTRODUCTION,

the wefl or to the north-weft, a reviving frefhnefs im*.
mediately fucceeds." Fezzan, according to the
map which the fociety has given, lies between 25 and
30° of north latitude.

Mr. Brydone, in his Travels through Sicily, found
the thermometer rife to 112. This happened when
the wind blew from the fouth-eafl, which is called
there the firocco wind, and which is fuppofedto arife
from the lands of Africa, in the neighbourhood of
Syria. Mr. Jones fays, that if the heat of this was
fuch as has been reported by Mr. Brydone, it is pro-
bably the hottefl air that has yet been obferved with
any accuracy in the known world. However, we find
a more modern writer than Mr. Jones give an account
of a greater degree of heat in the air than that men-
tioned by Mr. Brydone : I mean Mr. Bruce, from
whofe Travels I ihall give the following extract :

" Chendi, by repeated obfervations of the fun and
flars made for feveral fucceeding days and nights, I
found to be in latitude 16° 38' 2>5^^ north ; and at
the fame place, the 13th of Oftober, I obferved an
immerfion of the fatellite of Jupiter, from which I con-
cluded its longitude to be 33° 24' 4^" eafl of the me-
ridian of Greenwich. The higheft degree of the
thermorheter of Fahrenheit in the fhade was on the
icth of Odober at one o'clock P. M. 119% wind
north ; the lowed w^as on the nth at midnight, 78%
wind w^eft, after a fmall fhower of rain. The degree
of the thermometer does not convey any idea of the
efiecl the fun has upon the fenfations of the body or
colour of the flvin. Nations of blacks live within la-
titude

INTRODUCTION. 39

titude 13° and 14% when, 10^ fouth of them, nearly
under the Hne, all the people are white, as w^e had
an opportunity of feeing daily in the Galla, whom
we have defcribed. Cold and heat are terms merely
relative, not determined by the latitude, but by the
elevation, of the place. When, therefore, we Iliy
hot, fome other explanation is neccifary concerning the
place where we are, in order to give an adequate Idea
of the fenfation of that heat upon the body, and the ef-
feds of it upon the lungs. The degree of the ther-
mometer conveys this very imperfectly : 90 is excef-
fively hot at Loheia in Arabia Felix ; and yet the lati-
tude of Loheia is but 15% whereas 90 at Sennaar
is, as to fenfe, only warm, although Sennaar, as v/e
have faid, is in latitude 13°. At Sennaar then I call it
cold, when one, fully clothed and at reft, feels himfelf
in want of fire ; I call it cool, when one, fully clothed
and at reft, feels he could bear more covering all over,
or in part, more than he has then on ; I call it tempe-
rate, when a man, fo clothed and at reft, feels no fuch
want, and can take moderate exercife, fuch as walking
about a room without fweating; I call it warm, when a
man, fo clothed, does not fweat when at reft, but upon
moderate motion fweats, and again cools ; 1 call it
hot, when a man fweats when at reft, and exceilively
on moderate motion ; I call it very hot, when a man,
with thin or little clothing, fweats much though
at reft ; I call it exceinve hot, when a man, in his
fliirt at reft, fweats exceilively, when all motion is
painful, and the knees feel feeble as after a fever ;
I call it excefTive hot, when the ftrength fails, a cli-

C 4 polition

40 INTRODUCTION.

pofition to faint comes on, and a flraitnefs is found
in the temples, as if a fmall cord was drawn tight
round the head, the voice impaired, the fkin dry, and
the head feems, more than ordinary, large and
light.

^- At Sennaar from 70 to 78 in Fahrenheit is cool ;
from 79 to 92 temperate, at 92 begins warm. Al-
though the degree of the thermometer marks a greater
heat than is felt by the body of us llrangers, it feems
to me that the fenfations of the natives bear ftill a
lefs proportion to that degree than ours. On the
2d of Auguft, when I was lying perfeftly enervated
pn a carpet in a room deluged with water, at twelve
o'clock, the thermometer at 1 1 6, I faw feveral black
labourers pulling down a houfe with great vigour,
without any fymptoms of being at all incommoded.'*

When the air is heated to 11 6 degrees, the evapo-
ration mud be great * ; fo that Mr. Bruce, in
that cafe, I think, mufl have been as if in a hot

bath

* Dr. Watfon, in Kis Chemical EfTays, fays that 1973 gallons
of water can be raifed from an acre of ground in twelve hours,
when the heat at the furface of the ground is 96,

** During the extreme heat of the wind from the land, I have
feen the mercury in Fahrenheit's thermometer rife in the fhade to
1 14 degrees. I have known feveral inftances of perfons dying fudden-
jy during the heat ; yet thefe accidents were to be afcribed to intem-
perance, or to their expofing themfelves improperly abroad, rather
than to the fole and immediate heat of the weather, which is not
thought dan<^erous, or even unhealthy, to thofe who live with mor
deration, and do not go out in the exceflive heat of the day.'' Sec
Sketches relating to the Hiftory, &c. of the Hindoos, p. 411.

t)ath.

INTRODUCTION, 4t

tath. I do not recoiled to have read in Bruce's
Travels of what heat the fprings or wells are in the
countries of Africa through which he travelled, He
tells us of his drinking of the water of the fource of
the Nile, but does not fay whether it was warm or cold.
The taking notice of the heat of the waters in fot.
reign hot countries feems to have been omitted by
many travellers.

By fome accurate obfervations that were made on
the heat of Bath and Briftoi water by Mr. Canton,
it appears that a thermometer held in the ftream from
the common pump of the King's bath, after pumping
about half an hour, was raifed to 112, and the
ftream from the common pump of the hot bath raifed
it to II 4.

Buxton water has been obferved to raife the ther-
mometer to 80, and that of Matlock to 66 or 6S»
Dr. Falconer ftates the heat of the Bath waters, as
they are commonly drank, of the King's bath 116,
and of the Hot bath n6, of the Crofsbath 11.2. I
have read of fprings being fo hot that their water
'would boil eggs, &g.

There are feveral different thermometers in ufe
amomg gardeners and others ; but Fahrenheit's is the
mofl general, and undoubtedly the belt.

In my journal I have fet down what fort of weather
we had on every day, and the changes at pr near
about every hour of the day, at Addifcombe Place,
during one year.

. In the weather all mankind are lefs or more

interefled, and they feldom fiiil to make known

^ their

42 INTRODUCTION.

their anxioufnefs by bringing it into converfation,
when no other fiibjed is going forward. In the
courfe of his labours the farmer is obliged to be con-
formable to it ; the journies of the traveller is regu-
lated by it; to the failor it is matter of life and
death ; armies are greatly concerned in it ; and the
gardener, in his labours and produdions, is no lefs
afFeded by it than either.

After all the knowledge which men can acquire,
they will (till remain under much uncertainty ; but
they may acquire fo much as may be the means of
avoiding much inconvenience. If the heat and cold
of the weather depended entirely on the courfe of
the year, and if the heat of climates were dependant
on their latitude, then the weather might be brought
to fome regular theory. However, as general rules,
in this part of the world, are fubjeded to many in-
terruptions, in this cafe we are at a lofs to-day to
know what fort of weather to-morrow may bringforth;
for the weather depends on caufes with which we
are but little acquainted. Therefore, inftead of having
principles and rules to direft us, as in other fciences,
we are obliged to betake ourfelves to the arts of pro-
gnoflication, and it is a work of time and great ob-
fervation to attain any (kill in it, though every per-
fon, arrived at the years of maturity, pretends to
fome degree of it.

In general, the fpring and autumn are mild, the
fummer warm, and the winter cold ; but rains and
fhowers, winds and ftorms, mills ahd vapours, are
uncertain and occafional. The fouth and fouth-weft

winds

INTRODUCTION. 43

Winds are in (general warm, becaufe they blow from
a warm country ; the north wind is cold, becaufe it
blows from a cold country ; the eafl and north-eaft
winds are dry, cold, and blighting, becaufe they
blow over the high mountains of the continent ; but
it is ftill a matter of doubt what fort of weather is
likely to attend the winds.

When covering up the cucumber frames in the
evenings, I take a view of the fky, from which I form
an idea of what fort of weather is likely to happen in
the night, and regulate the coverings and air accord-
ingly ; and fometimes at nine or ten o'clock at night
I alter the air, by increafmg or reducing it, fo that it
may correfpond with the temperature of the night,
ak nearly as can be guefied at.

The bed rule we have for predicting the weather
is the inftrument called a Barometer, which was
invented by Torricelli, as we are informed, in the
year 1643.

An ingenious author obferves, that, by means
of the barometer, we may regain the knowledge
which ftill refides in brutes, and which we forfeited
by not continuing in the open air, as they generally
do, and, by our intemperance, corrupting the crafis
of our organs of fenfe

The following are Mr. Patrick's obfervations on
the rifmg and falling of the mercury. They feem to
be very juft, and are to be accounted for on the
fame principles with thofe of Dr. Halley :

" The rifing of the mercury in general prefages
fair weather ^ and its falling, foul weather, as rain,

C 6 fnow.

44 INTRODUCTION.

fnow, high winds, and florms. In very hot wea*
ther the falling of the mercury indicates thunder j
in winter, the rifmg prefages frofl j and in frofty
weather, if the mercury falls three or four divi^
fions, there will certainly follow a thaw ; but in a
continued froft, if the mercury rifes, it will certainly
fnow.

'^ When foul weather happens foon after the falling
of the mercury, expedt but little of it ; and, on the
contrary, exped but little fair weather when it proves
fair fliortly after the mercury has rifen. In foul
weather, after the mercury rifes much and high, and
fo continues for two or three days before the foul
weather is quite over, then exped: a continuance of
fair weather to follow.

^' In fair weather, when the mercury falls much and
low, and thus continues for two or three days before
the rain comes, then exped a great deal of wet, and
probably high winds.

" The unfettled motion of the mercury denotes un»
certain and changeable weather.

" You are not fo ftridly to obferve the words en«
graved on the plates (though, for the moft part, it
will agree with them), as the mercury's rifmg and fall-
ing ; for if it flands at much rain^ and then rifes up I
to changeable^ it prefages fair weather, although not
to continue fo long as it would have done if the mer-
cury were higher ; and fo, on the contrary, if the
mercury flood 2Xfair^ and falls to changeable^ it pre-
fages foul weather, though pot fo much of it as if
it had funk down lower."

From

INTRODUCTION. 4^

!?*rom thefe obfervations it appears that it is not fa
.much the height of the mercury in the tube, that indi-
cates the weather, as the motion of it up and dov.n.
Wherefore, to pafs a right judgment of \vha<- v/eaiher
is to be expeded, we ought to know whether ttv^
mercury is exactly rifmg or falling ; for which end
the following rules are to be obferved :

If the furface of the mercury is convex, (landing
.higher in the middle than at the fides, it is generally
a lign that the mercury is rifmg.

If the furface of the mercury is concave, or hollow
in the middle, it is fmking.

If it is plain or level, or, rather, if it is a little con-
vex, the mercury is flationary; for mercury being
put into a glafs tube, efpecially a fmall one, will na-
turally have its furface a little convex; becaufe the
particles of mercury attract each other more forcibly
,than they are attracted by glafs.

If the glafs be fmall, fhake the tube, and if the air*
be grown heavier, the mercury will rife about half
the tenth of an inch higher than it flood before ; if
it is grown lighter, it will fmk fo much. This pro-
ceeds from the mercury flicking to the fides of the
tube, w^hich prevents the free motion of it, until it is
difengaged by the fhock. Therefore, when an obferv-
ation is to be made by fuch a tube, it ought ahvays
to be fhaken firfl ; for fometimes the mercury will
not vary of its own accord until the weather it ought
to have indicated be prefent. Dr. Derham fays that
the variation^ of the barometer are greatefl neareil
the pole J in places near the equinodial there is

fcarce

46 INTRODUCTION.

fcarce any variation at all. A thick dark (Ivy, lading
for forne time without fun or rain, generally becomes
fair, then foul. A change in the warmth of the wea-
ther is generally followed by a change in the wind.

Moft vegetables expand their flowers and down in
funfliiny weather, and towards the evening and
againft rain clofe them again, efpecially at the be-
ginning of their flowering. This is vifible enough
in the down of the dandelion and other downs, and
eminently in the flowers of pimpernel. The rule is, if
the flowers be clofe flrut up, it betokens rain, and
if they be fpread abroad, fair weather. The (lalks of
the trefoil fwell againft rain, and the like may be ob-
ferved, though not fo fenfibly, in the ftalks of moft
other plants.

When a lowering rednefs is fpread far upwards from
the horizon, either in the morning or in the evening,
it is generally fucceeded by rain or wind, and fome-
times by both. When black clouds move contrary to
the wdnd, it is likely the wind will foon change, and
rain follow. When the clouds fcatter and difappear,
or diflblve In the air, it is a fign of fair weather. The
rainbow in the clouds prognofticates fhowery fqually
weather. Black clouds, colieding and augmenting
in the air under other clouds, portend wind and rain.
When the fun fets in a bank of black w^atery-like
clouds, it augurs foul weather. When the rays of
the fun, breaking through the clouds, are vifible
in the air, and the air feems filled with vapours,
it betokens rain and fhowery w^eather. When
the flvy is overcaft with lofty light clouds which ap-
pear

INTRODUCTrON. 47

pear ftationary, and the fun appears faintly through
the clouds, it is Hkely there will be a change of wea-
ther. A circle round the fun or moon indicates
a change of weather. I have frequently obferved
the earth and grafs alniofl entirely covered with
threads like thofe of fpiders ; after which, dry wea-
ther has conftantlv for a time fucceeded. Thefe
threads cannot be vifibly feen but when the fun fliines,
nor unlefs a perfon (land with his face towards
the fun, I am now writing on the 21 ft day of Oclo-
ber, and there has been no rain here * fmce the 2d,
and on every funfhiny day fmce that time I have ob-
ferved the earth and grafs covered with thefe threads.
One day the beginning of laft week I was about fow-
ing a field with wheat, which field had been under
fallow the preceding furamer ; and I obferved the
furface of the land, both before and behind the
harrows, covered with thefe threads, fufpended
between the clods, waving and fparkling in the rays
of the fun. How thefe threads came to be extended
from clod to clod in fo fliort a time after the ground
was moved by the harrows, is wdiat I cannot rightly
comprehend, therefore niuft leave it for the decifion
of philofophers.

* At Addifcombe Place.

ONfHE

CULTURE OF THE CUCUMBER,

THE Cucumber, cuciimis in botany, is a genus
of tha monecia fyngenefia clafs. Its charac-
ters are thefe : It hath male and female flowers on
the fame plant, which are bell-fhaped, of one petal,
which adheres to the empalement, and is cut into
five rough fegments. The male flowers have three
iliort (lamina, which are inferted in the empalement ;
the female flowers have no ftamina, but have three
fmail pointed filaments without fummits. The germen
is fituated under the flower, which afterwards be-
comes an oblong fruit with three ceils, containing oval
flat-pointed feeds.

There are^ I believe, only three fpecies of the cu-
cumber, the comm.on, the white, and the long Turkey,,
but there are many varieties.

The long green cucumber tvith black prickles, I
think is the beft for forcing. I have a very good
fort of it, which I have Iiad for eleven or twelve
years, and which, when fit for the table, runs from
fix to twelve inches long, and, when ripe, runs to
nbout eighteen or twenty inches long.

I) I cannot

50 ON TtiE CULTURE

I cannot tell of what climate the cucumber is a na:*
tive, but I imagine it is a native both of Afia and
Africa, It is above three thoufand years fmce men-
tion was firfl made of it ; for in the eleventh chapter
of the Fourth Book of MofeSy called Numbers, it is
thus recorded : *' And the mixt multitude that was
among them fell adufting, and the children of Ifra/sl
alfo wept again, and faid. Who fliall give us fiefh to
eat ? We remember the fifh which we did eat in
Egypt freely, the cucumbers, and the melons, and
the leeks, and the onions, and the garlic." From
this we may infer that the cucumber in thofe days
grew plentifully in Egypt : It is, therefore, not im-
probable but Egypt may be its native country.

Egypt lies between the 20th and 3 2d degree of
north latitude, and between the 28th and 36th degree
of eafl longitude ; and, with regard to the tempera-
ture of the weather in it, in April and May the air i&
hot and often infedious, and the inhabitants are al-
mofl blinded with drifts of fand. Thofe evils are
remedied by the rifmg and overflowing of the Nile.

" Whoever is in the lead acquainted with litera-
ture knows that the vafl fertility of Egypt is owing to
the annual inundation of the Nik, occafioned by the
rains which fall during May, June, and July, in
AbyiTmia, and the neighbouring countries of Africa.
According to Mr. Volney, the commencement of the
inundation is not entirely afcertained, though the
Copts fix it at the 19th of June. At the height of
its flood in the lower Egypt nothing is to be feen in
the plains but the tops of foreft and fruit treeSj their

towns

1

OF THE CUCUMBER. 5I

towns and villages being built upon eminences either
natural ot artificial. When the river is at its proper
height the inhabitants celebrate a kind of jubilee
with various feftivities.

" The banks or mounds that confine it are cut by
the Turkifh Balha, attended by his grandees ; but,
according to captain Nor den, who was prefent on
the occafion, the fpe^tacle is not very magnificent.
When the banks are cut, the water is let into what
they call the Chalis, or grand canal, which runs
through Cairo, from whence it is diflributed into
cuts for fupplying their fields and gardens. This
being done, and the waters beginning to retire, fuch
is the fertility of the foil, that the labour of the huf-
bandman is next to nothing. He throws his wheat
and barley into the ground in October and May, he
turns his cattle out to graze in November, and in
about fix weeks nothing can be more charming than
the profpei^l which the face of the country prefents,
in rifing corn, vegetables, and verdure of every
fort. Oranges, lemons, and fruits, perfume the air.
The culture of pulfe, melons, fugar- canes, and other
plants which require moiflure, is fupplied by fmall,
but regular, cuts from cifterns and refervoirs.
Dates, plantanes, grapes,, figs, and palm-trees, from
which wine is made, are here plentiful. March and
April are the harveft months, and produce three
crops, one of lettuces and cucumbers (the latter
being the chief food of the inhabitantsX one of corn,
;^nd one of melons.

D2 *'The

52 ON THE CULTURE

<c

The Egyptian palluTage is equally prolific, mofi
of the quadrupeds producing two at a time, and the
flieep four lambs a year *."

In England, and efpecially near large cities and
towns, great quantities of cucumbers are raifed. Not
only gentlemen, but almod every tradefman who has a
garden and dung, have their cucumber frame. In the
fummer time the market gardens round London pro-
duce vaft quantities to fupply that extenlive metro-
polis.

The Hiftoria Plantarum, publiflied under the
name of Boerhaave, informs us, thatif the branches
of cucumbers are much trodden upon, the fruit will
be bitter and emetic ; and that a water diflilled from
cucumbers, when full ripe and beginning to putrifyy
purges fmartly in the quantity of a drachm,

I myfelf have often found cucumbers bitter in taftej
which bitternefs I conceive is oecafioned in them
through the want of proper food y and the proper
food of a cucumber plant is contained in fweet earthy,
fweet air, fweet water, and a fufficiency of heat.

I have been told that the cucumber is one of the
four great coolers of the fliops,. and that it is almoft
an univerfal ingredient in emulfions, and is found of
fervice in fevers and nephritic complaints ..^

^' The Galenifts hold them to be cold and moift iiir
the fecond degree, and then not fo hot as either lettuce
orpurflain. They are excellent good for a hot ftomach-
and hot liver j the immeafurable ufe of them fills the-

* Guthrie's Geography.

body .

OF THE CUCUMBER. 55

body full of raw humours, and fo indeed the Immea-
lurable ufe of any thing elfe doth harm. The juice of
cucumbers, the face being wafhed therewith, cleanfetk
the (kin, and is excellent good for hot rheums in
the eyes. It is ufual to ufe the feeds in emulfions,
as they make almond milk ; but a far better way, in
my opinion, is this : When the feafon of the year is
to take the cucumbers, bruife them well, and diftil
the water from them ; the- face being wafhed with the
fame water cureth the redded face that is.

" It is alfo excellent for fun-burning, freckles, and
the morphew."

A warm fituation, flieltered from the winds by
buildings, fheds, or thickets, and groves of trees^
is of great advantage, and neceflary for a cucumber
bed to ftand in ; for were it fully expofed to, and
unprotected from, the high and piercing winds, efpe-
cially in the winter and fpring months, there would
be but little probability of conitant regular fuccefs*
For when high winds are fuifered to blow againft a
cucumber bed, they have a very powerful effe6l on
it ; for in that cafe the heat in a fliort time will not
only be greatly abated, but alfo forced and driven
into the corners of the frames, and confequently fome
parts thereof are rendered too cold, whilll other
parts are made too warm ; and of courfe the plants
are all equally endangered, retarded in their growth,
and perhaps fom.e, if not all of them, totally deftroy-
ed. Therefore, when a cucumber bed is about to
be built, the firll objeft of confideration fliould be,

D3 to

54 ON THE CULTURE

to have It, as \te\\ as poflible, flieltered from the high
winds and boifterous flormy weather.

That the bed be not by any thing whatever ob-
llrucled from the genial or warm and nourifliing rays
of the fun, is another object of great importance. For
although artificial heat will caufe the feeds of cucum-
ber plants to vegetate and fpring forth, yet that vege-
table can be brought to no degree of perfedtion
without the influence of the fun, and even his rays
are at times abfolutely neceifary. However, it will
be found fufficient, if, in the fliortefl days in winter
when the fun fliines, he be not hindered from fliining
on the frames from about ten o'clock in the morning
till about two in the afternoon,

It is alfo worth confideration to have the bed built
in or near to the kitchen garden, fo that it may be
handy to carry from thence the rotten expended
dung to fuch quarters of the garden as may require
to be manured. Regard alfo Ihould be had that
nothing ftand in the way to hinder carts or wag-
gons from bringing the warm dung near lo the place
in which the bed (lands.

There are two forts of earths or moulds, without
which, or a part of one or the other, I apprehend, a
cucumber plant will not grow vigorous, nor produc
fruit plentifully. The one is animal mould, the other
is vegetable mould, and which are in fact nothing
elfe but the putrefaction of earth after it has been
altered by palling through the animal and vegetable
veffels.

What

OF THE CUCUMBER. jfj

What I mean by animal mould is the dung of
horfes or of cows, after it has undergone a fermenta-
tiron by being ufed for the rearing melons or cucum-
bers, and has afterwards Iain in a heap expofed to
the fun and air, and been frequently turned and
well worked, till it has become a black, light, rich,
mould *. But among luch moulds are always confi-
derable quantities of vegetables, fuch as hay, flraw,
and perhaps weeds of different forts, which have not
pafled through animal veflels ; therefore it is a com-
pofition of dung and rotten vegetables. In this fort
of mould cucumber plants will grow remarkably
ftrong ; but I think it is rather too rich, and there-
fore thofe who ufe it had better mix it with fome light
foil, which has no unpleafant or difagreeable fmell.

That which I call vegetable mould is what is made
of the leaves of trees. The method 1 take to make it
is this : In the months of December or January, or
v/hen the leaves are in a decaying ftate and wet, I
have them raked together, and laid in a heap as large
as will raife a moderate heat ; and during the fpring
and fummer months I have them frequently turned
and well worked, and by October and November
following they are rotten and fit for ufe : But if they
are fuffered to lie for a longer fpace of time before
ufmg, their mould is fiill better, becaufe it will
have become more rotten, and of a more folid tex-

* Perhaps with more propriety may the earth of bones, flefli
horns, and Ikins, be called animal mould. When fuch things arc
by putrefadioii reduced to earth, it undoubtedly contains much
pf the food of plants-

D 4 ture.

^6 ON THE CULTURl

ture, and therefore will not fink fo much after being
put into the frames, as if put in when lels rotten.

The leaves of which I make the vegetable mould , arc
a mixture of the elm, lime, beech, fycamore, horfe and
fweet chefnut, fpruce and Scotch fir, walnut, laurel,
oak, evergreen oak, afh, &c. and among them are wi-
thered grafs and weeds of various forts. This vege-
table mould, without a mixture of any thing befides,
is what I ufe for growing cucumbers in, and, by ex-
perience, 1 find it preferable to any other moulds,
earths, or compofts whatever, either in my new me-
thod of a brick bed, or in ihe old method of a bed
made of hot dung.

Before I ufe the m.ould I have it run "hrough a
coarfe ikreen or fieve to free it of the bits of (licks,
and o^ the cones and tree feeds, fuch as that of the
horfe chefnut, and of the fpruce and Scotch fir.

Cucumbers will grow in almofl: any fort of mould,
though not with the fame degree of vigour, provided
they be fupplied with a fuiBciency of heat, water,
and air.

In Britain, efpecially in the winter and fpring
months, one of the principal caufes, without which
cucumbers cannot be produced, is deficient, and
that is, heat. In every county, and in every parifh,
and in every month of the year, earth, water, and
air, may be found ; but in every part, even in the
mofl fouthern counties of England, there is a defici-
ency of heat : For, as far I know, that vegetable
called cucumber, does not, in any part of this coun,
try, come to any degree of peifeftion without fome

ftlTiflancQ

OF THE CUCUMBER. 57

afliftance of artificial heat. Therefore, as the natural
heat of this climate is deficient in its production,
thofe who wifh to have it in perfection, muil have
irecourfe to art to fupply the infufficiency of nature.

Late in the fpring, and in the fummer months,
the heat of tan, or of the leaves of trees, may do ^
but in the winter and early in the fpring, fomething
that raifes a more powerful heat than thefe is
required.

A place could be fo conftrudled that cucumbers
might be cultivated therein by means of the fleam of
water ; but it would, I apprehend, be attended with
fuch expenfe that few would be willing to adopt the
method, even fuppofmg it were found to anfwer the
purpofe better than dung ; w^hich I am inclined to
think it would not do, becaufe I conceive that the
heat which is produced by fire, cannot be kept fo
fleady as that which is produced by the fermentation
of dung.

Cucumber plants will grow in a hot-houfe where.
the pine-apple is cultivated ; but they will not be
very long-lived there, for that is not a healthy climate
for them.

Dung Is the only thing yet found out, by the
heat of which the cucumber may be advantageoufly
cultivated.

It is not poffible, nor is it neceifary, to keep the
air in the frames always up to the fame degree of
heat ; but extremes on either fide are dangerous, and
fliould be carefully avoided,

There

fS ON THE (SULTURE

There Is noi necelTity for having heat direclly under-
neath the roots of the plants ; for if the air in the
frames be kept up to a proper degree of heat, that is
fufficient. In climates where the cucumber natu-
rally grows, I apprehend there is no heat in the
earth but what is raifed in it by the heat of the fun
and the circumambient air, wdiich feems to be warm-
ed by the reflection of the fun upon the earth.

It is not only necelTary that in the frames the air
be kept up to a fufficient degree of heat, but it is ab-
folutely neceflary that nothing pernicious or unwhole-
fome be conveyed into, or caufed to arife in the
frames among the plants by means of that heat. If
the fleam of the linings get in, it will hurt the
plants ; and if there be any thing which fmells difa-
greeably in the mould or underneath the mould in the
frames, the heat of the linings will caufe unhealthy
vapours to afcend from it, which in time will prove
injurious to the plants. So that although there may
be a degree of heat in the frames ftrong enough for
the growth of the plants, yet, through means of that
heat, fomething may arife in the frames which will
become progreflively, if not almofl inflantaneoufly, de-
flrudive of the plants, efpecially when they are young
and tender. Care, therefore, muft be taken that no-
thing be introduced into the frames among the plants
but what is of a fweet v^'holefome nature.

If it were poffible to keep the heat in the frames
always to So degrees, with the concurrence of proper
air and moiflure, I am of opinion that that would be
a fufficient heat for the production of the cucumber.

In

OF THE CUCUMBER. 55

In the fhort days In winter little or no water is re-
quired, for the continual evaporation arifmg in the
frames, and perfpiration of the plants caught by the
glalTes, keeps dropping down again upon the mould,
and, in fome degree, imitates a natural watering from
the clouds, and which is of fervice to the plants.
Hence it would feem that the plants are often watered
with the fame water.

The mould in the pits retains the moifture furprif-
ingly, which perhaps may be owing in fome mea-
fure to the pits being conftantly furrounded with the
moid: fleam of the hnings ; and the bricks of the
pits, and the tiles that cover the flues, being porous
for aught I know, moifture, by the force of evapora-
tion or attraction, gets through them into the frames.
But be that as it may, I know that nothing hurtful
or unhealthy ever gets through the tiles or bricks into
the frames among the plants. The quantity of water
requifite to be given to the plants depends upon the
heat of the bed, the ftrength and age of the plants,
and alfo on the temperature of the weather. When
the weather is cold, wet, or gloomy, and the air
moift, they require lefs water than when the weather
is clear, and the air more dry.

If too much water be given, it will hinder the
fruit from fetting and fwelling kindly ; and if too
little water be given, the plants will grow weak, and
the fru't hollow.

I never wifh to water the plants with water warmer

than S^ degrees, nor colder than 6^. Although,

' in general, I try by the thermometer the warmth of

the

6o ex THE CULTURE

the water I ufe, yet it is not necefTary fo to do, A
good way to know if the water be of a proper tempe-
rature is to take your mouth full of it, and when it
feels neither hot nor cold, then it is in a fit ftate for
accelerating the growth of the plants, or for making
them grow fad. I make it a conflant rule never to
•water the plants but with clean fweet water j and if
the water be clean and fweet, I am of opinion it makes
little or no dilFerence whether it be pump water^
fpring water, rain w-ater, or river water. However,
it is a good quality in water to bear foap, and make a
lather therev/ith, which rain and river water readily
do ; but the pump and fpring waters are found too
hard to do it ; yet this may eafily be remedied in them,
by letting them ftand a few days in the open air and
fun's rays.

With regard to the time of the day in which the
watering of the plants ought to be performed, I think
it is not material, nor do I ever make any rule with
refpecl: to the time, but give them water at any hour
of the day when I fee they ftand in need of it, and
when it beft fuits my conveniency. Thofe w-ho have
hot-houfes may get their water warmed there, and
thofe w^ho have no hot-houfes may get fome from
the houfe, or from fome other place where water i$
frequently heated. One gallon of hot water w411 pro-
perly warm feveral gallons of cold water. Late in
fpring and in the fummer months the water may be
warmed by expofmg it to the rays of the fun.

A . due proportion and continual fupply of frefii
air is at all times neceilary, and m.ore or lefs is re^

quired

0? THE CUCUMBER. (Jl

quired according to the heat of the llnhigs, the tem-
perature of the weather, and the thicknefs of the co-
verings put on at nights.

When I fay, give air, I mean that the lights fhould
be raifed or tilted on the north fide with pieces of
wood made in the form of wedges, by means of
which little or much air can be admitted at pleafure.
The lights or fafhes of frames or boxes are feldoni^
or ever made fo exadl as altogether to exclude the ex-^
ternal air, or to hinder it from having a continual iH"
grefs and egrefs, or from going in and coming out
of the frames continually. And as the frames get
old they wear, and then let in more air than when
they are new, fo that new frames may require the
u[q of the air-flicks when old frames do not ; there-
fore, in giving air, thefe and fuch like matters ought
;ilways to be duly confidered.

When the wind blows from the eafl and north-eafr,
the current of air goes in at the weflernmoft light of
each frame, and comes out at the eafternmoft one j
and when the wind blows from the weft and north-
weft, it is juft the reverfe, for it then goes in at the
cafternmoft light of each frame, and comes out at
the wefternmoft one. That being the cafe, it is fome-
times advifable to give lefs air at the light where the
air goes in, than at that at which it comes out ; for
when the wind blows ftrong from thofe quarters, as
well as from the fouth-weft and fouth-eaft, the
end lights of each frame next to the quarters from
whence the wind blows, will be the warmeft.

The

6l 0^ THE CULTURE

The air arid heat in the frames are always moft
regular and fleady when the wind is calm, or the
bed well protected, and when the wind is in the
fouth or in the north ; but when the wind blows
ftrong from any of the other quarters, and is fufFered
to beat upon any part of the bed, the current of air
will be irregular, and at times very ftrong ; and if
there then happen to be a ftrong new lining at the
bed, and a great rank fteam arifing out of it, efpeci-
ally at the north fide, care, ikill, and attention will
be required, and muft be exerted, for the preferva-
tion of the plants ; for the fteam being nigh to the
place where the air is admitted, if much air be given
■while the wind continues high, the fteam will un-
doubtedly be carried by the current of air into the
frames, and if the fteam be of a pernicious quality,
the plants will certainly be hurt thereby. When fuch
a cafe happens with me, I give but little or no air in
the night time, and by frequent waterings I keep
the fteam of the linings down in the day-time ; and
this I continue to do till the winds fubfide, or till
the violent fermentation of the linings be fomewhat
abated. But if the bed be well flieltered, fuch precau-
tions will be unneceilary, for I have never experien-
ced any hurtfulnefs in the fteam arifmg out of the
linings, except when the winds have been blowing
ftrongly on the bed, and foon after the application
of a powerful new lining of rank horle-dung, and
when it was high up againft the fides of the frames
near to the place where the air was given ; and even
3 then

OF THE CUCUMBER. 6;^

then the plants were not killed, but only fome of their
leaves injured.

As the fteam rifes out of the dung of the linings it
is quickly difperfed and mixed with the common air,
by which its pernicious qualities are almofl inftanta-
neoufly deftroyed. It is, therefore, not likely that
the fteani arifing from the linings on the outfide of
the frames fhould become hurtful to the plants in the
frames, unlefs it were to pafs immediately from the
linings into the frames before its pernicious qualities
were meliorated or deflroyed.

In the frames there is a continual fteam or evapo-
ration arifing ; and as this vapour is of a fweet, healthy^,
invigorating nature, if too much air be given, it will
pafs off too rapidly, and that before it has had time
to render to the plants that fervice which is neceffary ^
and if too little air be given, the vapours will be re-
tained too long, and become too thick, and thereby the
free perfpiration of the plants will be obitrufted, which
■will foon render their flate weak and fickly, and the
fruit will neither fet nor fwell kindly.

In winter, when the heat of the linings is great,
if tare be not taken, the air in the frames will be
rendered too dry. To prevent this, I either cover
the flues thinly with moill: mould, or keep them
damp by watering *.

* In no part of the frame fhould the mould be fufFered to be-
come dry and hiifliy. When the heat is great, water Ihould he
frequently and plentifully poured upon the flues, v/hich will keep
the bricks and mould adjoining to them in a moifi ftatc.

In

64 ON THE CULTURE

In giving and taking away the air I do it gradu-
ally, that is, by little and little at a time, which,
without doubt, is the befl way ; for, as I obferved
before, fudden changes are always attended with un-
pleafant confequences.

The linings are to be applied to the bed a few
days before the plants are ready for finally planting
out, in order that the mould and every thing in the
frames may be properly warmed for their reception.

The dung of which the linings are to be made may
cither be call together in a heap, to bring it to a heat
before it be laid round the bed, or it may be laid
round the bed as it is brought from the dung-yard ;
but whichever of thefe methods be taken, when the
linings are making up, the dung ftiould be well
fliaken, and laid up lightly, fo that the heat of it may
come up freely.

The linings are to be made nearly three feet broad
in their foundation, and tapered up to about thirty
inches at the top, by which they will retain their heat
long, and in finking will keep clofe to the bed, which
is what fhould at all times be paid proper attention to*

In the winter and fpring months the linings fhould
be trodden upon as little as poiTible, for treading
on them would be the means of flagnating their
heat. But fhould it at any time, in managing the
plants, be found neceffary to {land or kneel upon
ihem, boards fhould be laid on their tops for that
purpofe ; which will prevent the weight of a per-
fon from taking that effect on them which it otherwife
Nvould do.

OF THE CUCUMBEk. 6^

As the linings fink, they are to beraifed with frefh
dung ; but they fliould feldom be ralfed higher that^
a' ^it the level of the mould in the frames in which
the plants p^-ow, efpecially when there is a ftrong
heat In them ; for when there is a great heat in them,
h t'^ey are kept higher than the level of the mould,
the heat dries the air in the frames too much. Nor
fliould they be iuCered to fink much below the level
of me mould in the frames ; for that, on the con-
trary, would caufe too much moifture in thetrames,
eip.xially in the winter and fpring months.

^Vhen ihe heat begins to be too little, notwith-
{landing the linings being kept to their proper height^
tiie freili uptxhaufled dung on the top or upper part
cMheru is ro be laid afide, and the exhaufted 'dung
underneath to be taken away, and that which was
laid afide put in the foundation, and frefli dung laid
above it in lieu of that which was carried away.

B<jth the f de linings may be raifed at one time, but
both of them fhould never be renewed together ;
for if both were to be renewed at the fame time, it
would for a time cool the frames too much, and
when the heat of both came to its full flrength, it
would probably be too powerful.

I feldom or never renew the end linings, be-
caufe I find the heat of the fide ones fully fufficient ;
for as there are flues or vacuities in every part of the
bed, the (team, being fluid, circulates in, and warms
every part thereof And for the very fame reafon
there is no occafion for having a ftrong heat in both
the fide linings at one and the fame time,

E In.

66 ON THE CULTURE

In making up and pulling down the linings, care
Ihould be taken not lo injure the brick work.

The covering the lights in the winter and fpring
is abfolutely neceflfary ; for, notwithflanding the heat
of the linings, it would be impolTible to keep up a
proper degree of heat in the frames for the piants
without coverings. Therefore, the covering up in
the evenings, and uncovering in the mornings, muft
be particularly attended to, and more or lefs put on
according to the heat of the linings and the tempera-
ture of the weather. My method of covering up is
as follows : In the firfl place I lay clean fmgle mats
on the lights, in length and breadth juft or nearly to
cover the faflies, taking care not to fuffer any part of
the mats to hang over the falhes on or above the
linings, for that would be the means of drawing the
fleam into the frames in the night-time. On thefe
mats is fpread equally a covering of foft hay, and on
the hay is laid another covering of fmgle mats, upon
which are laid two, and fometimes three or four, rows
of boards, to prevent the covering from being blown
off by the winds. The mats laid on next to the
glafs are merely to keep the feeds and duft which
may happen to be in the hay from getting into the
frames among the plants.

In covering up, (leps or fliort ladders muft be ufed
by thofe whofe office it is to cover and uncover; and
great care muft be taken not to break or injure the
glafs.

I know fome gentlemen who have pits built in their
cucumber and melon grounds : Thefe they have

built

OF THE CUCUMBER. (^^

built wide enough to make the bed in the middle,
and room on each fide of the bed for the linings.
This is a very good method ; but the building of
fuch pits is attended with confiderable expenfe;
Thofe who have them fhould take care that there be
drains as low as the foundations of the bed to carry
off the water from it.

The method of raifing the plants from feed is to be
feen in the beginning * of the journal of their daily
management. I ihall therefore proceed to give the
method 1 follow in flopping the plants, and in keep-
ing them regularly thin.

When the feedling plants have one or two joints,
I flop them, after w^hich they generally put forth
two fhoots, each of which I let run till they have
made one or two clear joints, and then I flop them ;
and afterwards I continue throughout the feafon to
flop the plants at every joint j and the method I take
to do it is as follows :

When the plants (hoot forth again after the fecond
flopping, they feldom mifs to fhow fruit at every joint,
and alfo a iendril ; and between this tendril and the
Ihowing fruit may clearly be feen the rudiment of
another ilioot \ and wiien th^ leading fhoot has ex-
tended itfelf fairly pail the fhowing fruir, then with
my finger and thumb I pinch it and the tendril ofl^
jufl before the ihowing fruit j fo that in pinching off
the tendril and the fhoot, the fhowing fruit is not
injured. Thus flopping the leading fhoot flops

* And alfo at the end. See Osflober 5th, 1 793.

E 2 the

6S ON THE CULTURE

the juices of the plant, and is the means of enabling
the next fhoot (the rudiment of which was apparent
when the leading fhoot was flopped) to pufh vigor-
oufiy, and the fruit thereby alfo receives benefit.

When the plants are come into bearing, if the vines
are fufFered to make two joints before they are flopped,
at the firfl: of thefe joints, as I before faid, will be
feen fhowing fruit, a tendril, and the rudiment of a
fhoot ; but at the fecond joint there is feldom to be
feen either fhowing fruit or the rudiment of a fhoot,
but only a tendril and the rudiments of male blofToms.
It is therefore evident, and but reafonable, that
the fhoot fhould be flopped at the firfl of thefe joints ;
for were the fhoot to be let run pafl the firfl joint, and
flopped before the fecond, perhaps no fhoot would
ever fpring forth at the faid fecond joint, but only a
duller of male blofToms or leaves, which would ferve
for no good purpofe, but would rather exhaufl the
juices of the plant, which ought to be thrown into
the productive parts of it.

If the plants are fufFered to bear too many fruit, that
will weaken them, and in fuch cafe fome of the fhoots
will lofe their leaders, that is, the rudiment of fome
of the fhoots will not break forth, the numbers of fruit
having deprived them of their proper fhare of the ve-
getative juices. The rudiments of fome of the fhoots
may alfo be injured by accident, which fometimes
prevents their pufliing ; but from whatever caufe
this happens, it matters not ; for by the lofing of its
leader the fhoot is rendered unfruitful, and therefore
fhould be cut entirely oil*.

In

OF THE CUCUMBER. 69

In the courfe of the fpring and fummer months
feveral fhoots break forth here and there from the
old ones. When too many break out, 1 cut off the
weakeft of them clofe to the old ihoots, and thofe
which I let reniain I treat, with regard to flopping,
nearly in the fame manner as young plants.

If the old flioot, from which the new one burft
forth, lie clofe to the mould, it foon fends forth
roots from the fame joint from which the young fhoot
proceeded, by which the young flioot is much in-
vigorated, and the old plant, in fome meafure, re-
novated.

When this young plant is fairly formed on the old
fhoot, it foraewhat refembles a young plant formed
and ftruck root on a ftrawberry runner. And if the
fhoot were to be cut off on each fide of the newly
formed plant, and no part of the plants left in the
frame but itfelf, by proper treatment it would foon
extend itfelf all over the frame.

In winter, when the plants are young, and before
they come into bearing, it fometimes happens that
they fend forth too many fhoots : In that cafe I cut
the weakeft of them off, not fufFering them to become
crowded and thick of vines, for that would weaken
and prevent the plants from bearing fo early as they
ought to do.

The leaves of the plants I always keep regularly
thin. The oldeft and word of them I cut off firft, and
I cut them off clofe to the fhoot on which they grow.
This is neceflary and right ; for if any part of the

E 3 flem

yo ON 'tkE CtJLTur^E •

item of the leaf were to be left, it would foon putrify,
and raife unhealthy vapours among the phmts.

It is the female bloffoms or flowers that bear the
fruit ; but if they were not to be impregnated by
the male flowers, they would prove barren and un-
fruitful.

The female bloflfoms are eafily to be diflinguiflied
from the male ones, for the rudiment of the fruit is
apparent at the bottom of the female flowers, and
the flowers have no fl:amina, but have three fmall
pointed filaments without fummits : Whereas the
male bloflbms have not any rudiment of fruit about
them, but in the centre of the flower are three fliort
ftamina, which are inferted in the impalement.

When the female or fruit bloflbms are in full blowj
I take a male bioflTom which is in full blow, and
holding it in one hand, with the other I fplit and
tear ofFthe flower leaves ofpetals, taking care not to
hurt the fl:amina or male part. I then hold the male
bioflTom thus prepared between the flinger and thumb
of my right hand, and with my left hand I gently
lay hold of the female bloflom, and holding it between
two fingers, I put the prepared male blofjbm into
the centre of the female bloffom, and there the
farina, polen, or duft of the anthera, clings or flicks
to the fligma, and thus the impregnation of the fruit
is effeduated, and the plants are thereby rendered
fruitful, which, being in frames in a climate by art
made for them, would otherwife in a great degree
be rendered barren and unprodudive j and which I

have

OF THE CUCUMBER. yx

have frequently known to have been the cafe, even
when at the fame time the plants were in a vigorous
flourifhing (late,

I generally leave the prepared part of the male
bloffom (ticking in the centre of the female one, and
take a frefh male bloffom to every female bloffom.
But if male bloffoms run fcarce, which feldom or
never happens, I make one male bloffom do for two
or three female ones.

When the frames are going to be fet upon the bed,
a layer of mortar is fpread all round upon the upper
courfe of brick-work on which the bottoms of the
frames are to reft. Thus the frames are fet in mor-
tar on the bricks ; and the flues are with a brick-
layer's brufh well wafhed, and rubbed with a thick
grout made of lime and water, which ftops every
crack or hole, and prevents the fteam of the
linings from getting into the frames. This wafhing
of the flues I have done at leaft once a year, and
oftener, if need be, for no crack or hole is ever fuf-
fered to remain unflopped in the flues.

I find little or no trouble in keeping the flues per-
fedlly clofe, nor is it indeed likely that they fhould be-
come troublefome if the bed ftands on a found founda-
tion, for the heat of the dung has not that power-
ful elfe£t on the flues, as fire heat has on the flues of
a hot-houfe ; becaufe the heat of dung is more fteady
and not fo violent as the heat of fire; and befides, the
-flues of the cucumber bed are almoft always in a moift
ftate, which is a preventative in them againfl crack-
ing or rending.

E 4 When

7^ ON THE CULTURE

When the bed Is firft built, the pits are about three
feet in depth below the furface of the flues. Thefe
pits I have filled up about a foot high, fome of them
with rough chalk, fome of them with fmall floncs,
and fome of them with brickbats * : I his is to let the
wet drain off freely hotn the mould of the beds.
After this filling up with chalk, ftones, and broken
bricks, there is a vacancy in the pitg about two feet
deep below the furface of the flues ; this vacancy I
have filled to a level with the furface of the flues
with vegetable or leaf mould ; and inputting it in, it
is gently preiled, to prevent it from fmking too
much afterguards.

On the furface of the mould which the pits are
filled with, under the middle of each light, and
which is jufi in the centre of the mould in each pit,
I make hilU oi mould in the fame form as is com-
monly done on a dung bed. Thefe hills are to fet
the plants in, and are raifed at firfl nearly clofe to or
within a few inches of the glafs. Raifing the mould
at firli pretty nigh the glafs is neceifary on account
of the fmking of it ;. for as the frames are fet on
bricks they cannot fmk, but mould newly put in
is fure to fettle, and the meafure of fettlement will
ever depend upon the lightnefs and texture of the
mould with which the pit-, are filled. Therefore,
thefe and fuch-like matters mufl be left to the difcretion
of thofe who are entrufted with the direction and ma-
nagement of the frames. When the bed is thus

* Either of thefe, or fuch like, will do eq.ually well.

finifliedj

OF THE CUCUMBER. 73

finllhed, and ready for the reception of the plants, if.
the flues be flrewed over with mould, fo that
their furface be juft covered, to a ftraoger it is alto-
gether a deception, for in ever}r refpeft it has the ap-
pearance of a dung bed.

The fafhes of the frames which I ufe are glazed in
lead ; but if any perfon who rears early cucumbers
have lights which are not glazed in lead, but are (late
glazed, the vacancies between the glafs had beil be
filled up clofe with putty, to prevent too much air
from getting into the frames in the cold days in win-
ter. The frames under my management are con-
ftantly kept in good repair, and painted over once
every year. This method, I am clearly of opinion,
is more profitable than if the frames were negledled
for two or three years, and then have a thorough
repair with two or three coats of paint. When
frames are new painted, they ftiould be fuIFered to lie
and fweeten for fome time, at leaft for two or three
weeks, or until the difagreeable fmell of the paint be
fome what leiTened.

Although the frames I ufe are of a very good liz^,
yet if they were a little fmaller or larger, they would
anfwer the purpofe very well. Therefore thofe who
intend to build a bed after my plan, have no occafion
to make new frames merely for the purpofe^ but they
may get the bed built to fit the frames they are al-
ready in pofleflion of.

The common and general method of cultivating
early cucumbers is the following : The feediing
plants are raifed nearly in the fame way as I did mine

in

74 <5N THE CULTURE

in 1792, but few or none make ufe of a thermometer^
nor is it abfolutely neceflary fo to do. About three
weeks before the plants are ready for planting out
for good, a quantity of dung is procured, and caft:
up in a heap to heat, and let lie about a fortnight
or three weeks, and during that time it is turned
twice or thrice, and well worked. It is then made
up into a bed of about four or five feet high, and the
frames and lights fet upon it. It is afterwards fuffered
to {land for a few days to fettle, and until its violent
heat be fomewhat abated ; and when it is thought to
be in a fit ftate for the plants to grow in, its furface
is made level, and a hill of mould laid in juft under
the middle of each light, and when the mould gets
warm the plants are ridged out in it.

After this, if the bed has become perfectly fweet,and
there be heat enough in it, and the weather prove
fine, the plants will grow finely ; but in the courfe of
a few days the heat of the bed begins to decline, and
perhaps the weather changes from fine, and becomes
cold, wet, and gloomy ; and in that cafe a lining of
frefh dung to enliven the heat of the bed is undoubt-
edly required.

When this frefh lining is applied, it fets the bed
into a frefh fermentation, and very frequently gives
too much bottom heat, and it even often happens that
the heat becomes too great under the plants before a
lining is applied; for the heat of a dung bed is
changeable, and is raifed and lowered by the changes
of the weather ; and every perfon knows how vari-
able the weather is in this part of the world.

When

OF THE CUCUMBER. 75

XVTien the heat becomes too powerful for the roots
to grow in, the plants will fhow it by their Tick,
weakly appearance ; and if the mould on the furface
of the bed under the plants be examined, it will be
found of a gray colour : When this happens, it is call-
ed a burning heat.

The only methods that I have yet learned, or
ever heard of, either for preventing or for curing
this burning heat of the bed, are four. The firft of
thefe is, giving plenty of air ; the fecond is, making
holes in the fides of the bed ; the third is, taking the
burnt or over-heated mould out from under the roots
of the plants, and putting frefli mould in its ftead ;
and the fourth is, pouring water into the dung of the
bed to quench its fiery heat.

The firfl of thefe methods is the mod fimple and
eafy to be put in pradice, but it feldom anfwers the
defired end, for much air ftarves the branches of the
plants, while the great heat in the dung of the bed
hinders the roots of the plants from making due
progrefs. ^

The fecond method, which is making holes in the
fides of the bed to lefTen the great heat of it, may be
of fome fervice, but it is rather precarious. The heat
pafling off on the outfide of the bed certainly cools
the bed 5 but by that means the air in the frames is
liable to be made too cold, and it is not the heat of
the air that is wanted to be leflened, but the heat
immediately under the hills of plants.

The third method is attended with more trouble
than tli^ two former, and its operations are attended

but

yS <^N THE CtJLTtJR]^

but with little better confequences ; for the taking
the mould out from under the plants difturbs their
roots, and. In a few days after, if the heat of the
bed be not declined, it becomes too hot again, and
the fame work is again required. Thus with thefe
three methods I have kept on from Odober tilf
March, and during that time have paid great at-
tention, and exerted all my ingenuity, yet have
been but Httle forwarder with my plants than
if I had not begun to fow the feeds before the
month of February ; and this has not only been
my cafe, but, to my certain knowledge, that of hun*
dreds befides.

The fourth and lad method of keeping the burning
heat of the bed under, is that of pouring water into
the dung of the bed. This method is the befl and
mod effedual of the four, but in its performance
{kill, care, and attention, are required ; and it mufl be
executed with fuch nicety and circumfpedion, that I
freely confefs I am not able to give fuch inftrudions
concerning it, as might at all be depended on. For
if too much water be poured in, it chills the bed,
and creates noxious vapours therein ; and if too little
water be poured in, the burning will increafe; fo that
by running to extremes on either fide, the plants are
expofed to danger, retarded in their growth, and
perhaps attacked by infetls and by complicated dif-
eafes, which, if not removed in a fhort time, will
bring them to an untimely end.

The effed which the linings have on dung beds
caufes their fides to fink, and that unevenly, efpeci-

ally

OF THE CUCUMBER. 77

ally if the dung of which the bed was made, was
not thoroughly worked before it was put into the
bed i and in fmking, the bed is liable to rend and give
way in its fides, and therefore it is difficult to prevent
the fleam of the linings from penetrating into the
frames among the plants.

In the vyinter, when the heat of the bed is much
declined, it is a common practice to bore holes in the
fides of the bed with a flake. Thefe holes are to en-
able the heat of the linings to warm the bed properly ;
but as the dung of the bed is of a loofe texture,
through thefe holes the fleam of the linings is apt to
find its way into the frames among the plants.

When the dung of the bed gets old and rotten, it
flagnates, corrupts, and becomes putrid ; therefore
the vapours which arife from it when in fuch a flate,
cannot be of a healthy nourifhing quality, but, on
the contrary, are certainly unhealthy, and flowly
poifonous to the plants. And if the dung of the bed
become dry and hu&y, the vapours that arife out of it
when in fuch a flate are productive of no better con-
fequences.

It is well known that animals, which are fed upon
fweet wholefome food, are the mofl wholefome food
for man. And no doubt but the flefli of wholefome
animals may be rendered fomewhat unwholefome by
the nature or quality of the food they are fed with.

Vegetables are, in many refpeds, fimilar to ani-
mals, and therefore may undoubtedly be rendered
fomewhat unwholefome to man by the nature of the
food with which they are nourifhed.

^ I fhall

j8 ON THE CULTURE

I fhall not enter into a philofophlcal dlfquifition
of the food of plants, but fhall only mention what I
hinttd before, that the food of the cucumber plant
is contained in earth, waier, heat, and air, and the
fweeter thefe elements are kept, from v.hich the plants
derive their fuilenance, the more wholefome and pa-
latable v/ill their fruit be.

When I ufed to cultivate cucumbers on a dung
bed, the fruit were fometimes watery and ill-tafted ;
but fmce I began to cultivate them on a brick bed,
the fruit have conftantly been firm and well-flavour-
ed; which is certainly occafioned by the goodnefs and
wholefomenefs of the food with which the plants are
fed or nourifhed.

The difference of climate, or temperature of the
air, has a very great effeft on plants of almoft all
forts. The different degree of heat is the great caufe
of thefe changes, and different degrees of moiflure
undoubtedly afTifl: it. The American and African
plants, which are faid to be famous in medicine,
when of the growth of their native foils, yet when
they are removed and brought into our climate,
though they grow, and even produce their flowers
and ripen their fruit, which is the lad perfection of
a plant, when put to the trial, it is faid by fkilful
men, they have always been found to want their
proper medicinal virtues.

Many plants and trees, though natives of another
climate, will endure. the open air with us, and grow
in our gardens, yet lofe much of- their flrength and
become dwarfs in proportion to what they were in

their

OF THE CUCUMBER. 79

their proper climate. But lefs violent changes than
thefe are able to produce the like efFeds, at lead in
fome degree ; for the fevcral parts of Europe are
able in time to alter the qualities of the fame plants
even while it grows natural in them.

The differences made by varieties of climates upon
plants are not always confined to diilance of place,
but even in the fame country the climate differs
greatly in different years by means of accident ; and
more or lefs heat, and more or lefs moiflure, will
do as much violence to plants lometimes as change
of place, which operates only by means of the fame
agents. The effed: of different cHmates in changing
the nature of things produced in them, is not con-
fined to plants only, but the animal kingdom alfo
Ihares in it.

A cucumber plant delights in fweet wholefome
air ; but if the air in which it grows be contami-
nated, unhealthy, or impure, the plant will not con-
tinue long in a healthy fiouriihing condition.

Whatever is difagreeable to the fmell becomes in
time hurtful to the cucumber plant ; therefore, who-
ever would wiih to know if the air In a cucumber
frame be of a healthy nature for the plants, fhould
fmell to it.

All the materials of my newly-invented bed are
clean and fweet ; and the flues being made perfedly
clofe, no tainted or bad-rnielling air can get through
them into the bed, fo that h is of little or no concern
whether the dung of the linings be fweet or otherwife,
or whether the limngs be made of dung or of any

thing

So CN TW5 CITLTURE

th'ng elfe, provided there be a fulTic'cnt heat kept
in them.

The bed is fo conllruded, that the coldeft place in
it is exactly in the centre of each pit, and from this
centre the lieat increafes on each fide to the lininr s
where the heat begins. The plant being p-i-icfed
in this centre or coldeft part of ihe bed. h::: roots
can never be hurt by the heat; and ^^ i. is n-uural
for the roots to fpread themfelves be lizont'diy, the
hear, increafing on each fide gradually, is in every
refpecl fuirable for their increafe and extenfion.

The hear in the centre of each pit, juft where
the plants are firft planted, feldom rifes higher tlian
to about Bo or 83 degrees, nor doe? it ever rife
higher in any part of the pits than about 96 or 97
degrees, nor do I bch'eve ii ever can be laifed higher
than that, without fcorching the plants by top heat or
heated air ; whereas in a bed made of dung, the
heat in the centre of the bed under the mould in
v/hich the plants are planted, frequently rifes to
above 120 degrees, when, at the fame time, the air
in the frames can fcarcely be kept up to a proper de-
gree of heat ; This frequently happens in cold weather
in winter.

" 1 he fcorching sheat of a hot-bed of horfe-dung,
when too hot for plants, is equal to 85 degrees and
more, and hereabout is probably the heat of blood
in fevers.

'^ The due healthy heat of ahot-bed of horfe-dung
in the fine mou d, where the roots of thriving cucum-
ber plants were in February, was equal to ^6 degrees,

which

5f TH^ CUCUMBEil- 81

^*hich IS nearly the bofom heat, and that for hatching
of eggs. The heat of the air under the glafs frame of
this hot-bed was equal to 34 degrees, fo the roots had
2 6 degrees more heat than the plants above ground :
I'he heat of the open air was then 1 7 degrees *.'*

According to Dri Hales the heat of the human
blood in high fevers is above 130 degrees of Fahren*
heit*s thermometer ; the bofom heat, or heat of the
fliin, is from 94 to 98 degtees ; the heat of a hen
hatching eggs is from 103 to 107 degrees* It appears
that 60 degrees of Fahrenheit's thermometer is equal
to about 34 of Dr. Hales's thermometer ; hence we
may infer, that the heat of Dr. Hales's cucumber bed
flood nearly as follows : The heat of the mould in
which the roots were growing 100 degrees, and the
heat of the air in the frames 60 degreeso Now as
the furface of the mould, which was heated to about
100 degrees, mud beexpofed to the heat of the air in
the frame^ which was 40 degrees lower, I think it is
but reafonable to fuppofe that the heat of the dulig
under th.e mould muft have been at leaft 1 20 degrees.

I am inclined to think that Dr. Hales did not him-
fejf manage this^cucumber^bed ; for, if he had, I think
he would have favoured the public with an account
of how long it continued in that due healthy ftate,
and what methods he took to keep it ia that flate,
and of the fuccefs attending his labours with regard
to the produce of the plants.

The dung for the linings of the bed of my inyen-
tion requires no more working than what is necef-

* Hales's Statics, vol. i p. 60,

F fary

Si ON THE CULTURE

fary to bring it to and keep it in a proper degree m
heat ; and as foon as the heat rifes in the linings, it
circulates in the flues, and warms every part of the
•bed ; whereas the dung for making a common cu-
cumber bed mull be turned and worked, and lie,
till, by fermentation, its rank qualities be evaporat-
ed, and its violent heat be fomewhat diminiflied.

In the courfe of the winter a dung bed finks fo low
that it becomes difficult fometimes to get a proper
heat raifed in the linings ; but my brick bed being
always of the fame height, fuch difficulty can never
happen.

The linings of my brick bed retain the heat longer
than the Unings of a dung bed do, and that becaufe
• the flues are confliantly full of fl:eam ; but a dung bed
: having little or no vacuity for the retention of the
lieam, the fleam of the linings of it is more imme^
diately evaporated, and confequently the heat of the
liniDgs is fooner exhaufl:ed than the heat of tlie linings
of the brick bed.

To illufi:rate this a little farther, it may be obferv-

ed that there is a certain quality in dung which is the

. caufe of its heating. While this quality, or any part

■ of it, remains in the dung, it retains the heat in fome

degree ; but when that quality is totally exhaufl:ed,

the heat in the dung ceafes.

^ There is another method befides that of fermenta-
tion by which dung may be deprived of this qua-
Hty ; and that is, by being expofed for fome time
to the fun and air in fpreading it thinly on the ground*
In that ftate the dung's heating quality will be eva-
porated.

tP THE CUCUMBER. 8^^

ponteJ, and were it to be thus expofed, it would
alio lofe much of its vegetative powers. Hence ic
appears evident, that the fleam, which undoubtedly
contains the heatinpj quality, being retained in the
flues or cavities of the bed, and reverting to its firfl
fource, is the means of enabling the linings to keep
the heat longer than they could do if there were no
fuch cavities in the bed.

In the cultivation of the cucumber in the fummef,
under hand or bell glafles, the following method is
generally praclifed : The feeds are fown fome time
about the middle of April in a cucumber or melon
bed, and when they come up, they are potted out
into fmall pots, two or three plants in each pot, and
are kept properly watered, and flopped at the firfl or
fecond joint. About the middle of May, a warm
fituation where the mould is very rich is pitched on,
and a trench is dug out about two feet deep, three
feet broad, and the length is proportioned according
to the number of lights it is intended for. This
trench is filled with good warm dung, and when the
dung is come to its full heat, it is covered over
with eight, ten, or twelve inches deep of rich mould.
The glafles are then fet upon it about three feet
diflant from each other, and when the mould gets
warm under them, the plants are turned out of the
pots with their balls whole, and plunged in the
mould under the glafTes^ and a little water given
them to fettle the mould about their roots, theglafTss
fet over them, and in fine days they are raifed a
little on one fide to ht the plants have the free alrj and

¥ 2 a>

84. ON THE CtJLTURB

as the weather gets wanner and warmer, aif is gireil
more plentifully to harden the plants^ fo that they may
be able to bear the open air, and run from under
the glafTe^.

When the plants begin to fill the glafles, they are
trained out horizontally, and the glafles are fet upon
bricks or fuch-like, to bear them from the plants.
After this the plants require nothing more but to
be fupplied with water when the fummer fhowers are
not fufficient, and to flop them when ihey run too
thin of branches, and thin them of leaves or branches
when they are likely to become over-crowded.

In warm fummers and in warm fituations, by this
mode of management the plants will bear plentifully
for about two months, provided they be not attacked
by ihfe<5ls or weakened by difeafes.

It is to be ken in the following journal, that on the
22dof O^ober 1792 I fowed the feeds of the cucum«
bcr *, an<i ridged out the plants upon the i6th day

of

■'' The cucumber plant may be kept on from year to year by-
cuttings. The method of flicking them is this: Take a fhoi)t
which is juft ready for Hopping, cut it ofFjuft below the joint be-
hind the joint before which the ihoot (hould haive- been flopped,
then cut fmooth the lower end of the fhoot or cutting, and ftick it
into fine leaf or other rich mould about an inch deep, and give it
plenty of heat, and fhade it from the rays of the fun till it be
fairly ftruck. By this method, aa well as by that of liftying,.
plants may readily be propagated.

Thofe who are dcfirous of having cucumbers early, had beft
fovv the feeds about the 20th of Oftober 5 they may be fown at
any time of the year, but the fpring and autumn are the beft
fcafons. -Cucumber plants may be mad^e to bear fruit plentifully

OF THE CUCUWftBER. 85

:of November. The heat of the bed was then fcarcely
Itrong enough, nor did it become ftrong enough tili
about the 27th ; the plants therefore made but little
progrefs from the time of their being ridged out tili
the month of December.

On the 2d of January 1793 I renewed the louth
fide lining, and on the 1 5th of the fame month I re-
newed the north fide lining.. The renewal of the
fouth iide lining was done in a proper time, but the
jining of the north fide fliould have been deferred
for a few days longer, for the weather proving coldl

from about the midd)[e of MarcK till the mi-ddle of September,
but from the middle of September till the middle of March their
produce will be found fmall.

Although lefs dung is required for a brick bed than for a dung
bed, yet it is of little ufe to try to raife early cucumbers without a
fufficiency of dung. I have- frequently heard complaints, and
perhaps not without fome degree of truth, by gentlemen's gar-
deners, efpecially in the country, that they were much perplexed
for want pf du8g, ice. and that they could have none but when
captious He wards or direftors of the husbandry thought fit. Such
rnatters often breed quarrels betv/een the gardener and the bailiff^
and it is fometimes dijfificult for the gentleman to decide which is in
fault. 1 fhall only obferve that no difficulty of that nature
happens with me, becaufe I have the dire(5lion both of the bufmefs
of the farm as well as that of the garden, and I pay equal attention
to both; for it gives n^e pleafure to fee each profper. The
method therefore which 1 purfue with regard to th^ dung is this?
I frequently take the Httery dung from among the co\y-cribs, and
make linings for the melon and cucuniber beds of lu ^^^ when it
Is rotten I have it carried to the fields for manure. I often prefer
fuch, efpecially late In the fpring and early In the fummer, before
borfe-dung, becaufe its heat is generally lefs violent and more du-
rable.

"J

$.6 ^ . ON THL CULTUa E

and windy juil afler, the bed was for a few days ren-*
dered too cold, and when the lining came to its full
flrength of heat, the fines were for a few days ren-
dered rather too warm, and confequently the plants
received a fmall check. Again it is to be feen that on
the 2oth of November iyg2 I covered the fiues thinly
with mould, and from that time until the 2 0th of
February 1793, the flues remained thinly covered.
The reafon of keeping the flues thus covered with
mould during that time was merely to fave a little
labour of watering ; for while the mould continues
moifl upon the flues, vapours arife therefrom, and
when mould on the flues is wetted, it retains the
moiilure longer than the tiles of the flues do. But
it is the befl way during the w^inter to keep the flues
entirely bare of mould, and to water them as occ^-
fion may require.

Except the above-mentioned, all the refl of the
management held forth in my journal will do, an4
will in future be a guide and direciory to myfelf,
fo far as relates to the culture of the cucumber.

To thofe who may think proper to ufe my jour-
nal as a help in the management of early cucum-
bers, I would recommend that they fliould look
to it about a week or ten days before, and as
long after, the day of the month on which they want
directions to go by. This is proper ; becaufe, for
inHiance, the work which I had done about the bed on
January 1 5th, 1 793, may require to be done on the St!^
of January in the year 1794, or perhaps it fliould be
deferred till the 22d or thercabciit, as the heat anci

goodnefs

. . , ■ or THE CUCUMBER. 8j.

gpodnefs of the dung, and other unforefeen chcum-
itances, may deternihie.

After the cucumber bed Is fet to work, heat and-
fweet moifture are the two pnncipal agents required
for promoting the growth and vigour of the plants y
therefore, if there be a heat kept in the linings llrong.
enough to keep the heat in the centre of the pits o£
mould flucluating between 80 and 90 degrees, cold
water may be poured on the flues twice or thrice a
week. There is no danger of creating damps or
impure air iii the frames by watering the flues ; for
the water is no fooner poured on them, than it runs
down their fides, and pafles clear off through the
drains of the bed ; confequently \vater being poured
upon the flues, gives only a momentary check to the
heat of the frames ; for the flues being at all times
full of hot fleam, when the watering is finiflied, the
heat quickly refumes its former vivacity, and raifes a
warm vapour in the frames, well adapted for pro-
iiioting vegetation, and for increafmg the growth
and invigorating the plant in all its parts,

The mould round about the fides of the pits clofe
againfl the inner fides of the flues, fhould be kept,
nearly on a level with the furface of the flues ; and
as it is the mould that joins to the flues which receives
the firfl and greatefl: heat from the linings, it fliould
continually be kept in a moifl: (late ; for if the mould
againfl: the flues be fufl^ered to become dry and huflvy,
air will be generated in the frames difagreeable to
the plants.

F 4 During

88 ON THB CULTURE OF TH£ CUCUMBER^

During the winter and fpring, in the mornings^
juft when the frames are uncovered, I never w;fli i^
find the heat of the air in the bed apiong the plants
lower than 70 nor higher than 80 degrees ; and
during the fame time I never wifh the heat of the
mould in the centre of the pits about fix inches below
the furface lower than 80 nor higher than 90 dCf?
grees. It appears, therefore, that^ during the win-
ter and fpring months, I wifli the pedium he^t of
the air in the frames to be 75 degrees, and the mC'»
diuin heat of the mould to be S^ degrees, I fpeak
now of artificial heat, for when the days ar^ warm^
and the fun fhines, the heat of the air in the frames
is ofte^i raifed to a much higher degree. Reckoning
the heat derived from the ftm, the medium heat of
the air in the frarnes may be about 80 degrees -^ and
as the mould in the pits for two or three inches deep
Is more fufceptible of heat and cold than at a greater
depth, we may compute its medium heat to be
nearly about the fame degree as that of the air.

A bed may be built and iet to wprk immediately |
the heat of the linings will dry the lime of the joints
of the bricks. The evaporation in the frames, fron;
the moift lime of the joints of the brick-work, has nq
bad efFed on the plants ; bu^ when a bed is fet to
work before it be dry and fteady, great care mufl be
taken not to injure the ]prick-worl^ in filling up ^hs
pits.

y^^i/p /vl&fi oj^ a /aa

n

PI

■ 1

LT" ""

U

wm

^

I it, A

EXPLANATION OF THE PLAN,

^ a Pits for the plants. See the method explained

in page 72.
i b Two courfes of brick-work : One of them laid

under the tiles which cover the flu^s, and the

other laid above theni,
C c The flues.
4 d Four-inch brick- work carried up full of holes or

apertures.
^ e Brick on edge, carried up folid to the top of

the flues.
f f Four-inch brick-work carried up folid to the

top of the flues,
g Drain that carries off the water from the bed.
h h Apertures or holes which are all round the

bed, and through which the (team and heat of

the linings enter theilues to warm the air in

the frames.
f i Small holes or drains ; thefe are at the bottom

of each pit, and are to drain the water from

the mould of the pits.
I k South fide of the frames on which the lights refh
; Light.
VI m Two courfes of tiles which cover the flues, the

ends of which extend to the outfide of the

brick-work.
^ n Foundation of the bed, which is under ground,
4? End of the frames,

I have given the plan of a bed for fix lights onlyj
but a bed may be extended to any length or fise r€^
quired by the fame model.

MANAGEMENT

OF THE

CUCUMBER PLANTS.

is. T/j. ftands for Surface Thermometer. P. Th. for Plunored
Thermometer. Ther. for Thermometer in the open air. — The
Surface Thermoriieter Hood nearly upright anaong the plants,
and partly expofed to the rays of the fii)i.]

Wea

hwfday^ Oclober 17, 1792,

Hours. S.Th.

p. Th,

, Ther.

V^Ind.

6 —

42

S. W. Clear, and abriH-: wind.

8

4.i

S. W. Ditto.

lO —

48

S. W. Sunfliine.

13 —

— ^

5?)

S V\^. ¥/indv, and fome droDs

2 -^

54

S. W. TnnSl [of rain fall.

5

49

S. W. Cloudv, windy.

9 —

46

S. W. Ditto/

To-day

I had a bed made up of hot dung for a two

light franii

3 ; it was

made about four feet and a half

jiigb, and

(he

box and lights were fet upon it.

Thurfday^ Oclobcr 18, 1792.

S. Vv^ Clear and a briil^ gale of
S. W. Ditto. [wind.

S. W. Clouds begin toarifc.
S. W. Cloudy, and a brilk wind.
S. W. A light Ihower of rain.
S. W. Cloudy.

S. W. Clear, and but little wind.
S. W. Ditto.

The lights of the cucumber bed were kept clofe
fliut down day and night.

Friday^

6

—

.—

40

8

- —

43

10

- —

49

12

—

" —

51

2

—

50

'4

—

^>™-.o

48

5

—

—

44

9

—

3^

f 2 MANAGEMENT OF THE

Friday^ Odober 19, i792»

Pours. S. Th. P. Th. Ther. Wind.

6 _ -- 32 S. W. Clear, frody.

8 _ — 39 S, W. Ditto,

J I ; — — 45 S. W. The iky is overcafl.

J 2 — — ^o S. W. Sunfliine.

1 — — 50 S. W. The il\y is Qvercaft.

2 — — 49 S. W. The fun appears faintly,
4 — -— 44. S. W. It rains gently.

p .— . — 45 S. W. Cloudy.

The heat of the eucumber bed began to rife ; 4,
little air was given to it to let the (leam pafs pffi»

Saturday^ Odober 20, 1792,

Hours,

. S.Th.P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6

-— — ' 50 S. W. Cloudy, andabrifk Wind*

10

— — Si^ S- Gloomy, the clouds look

12

— — SS ^' Cloudy. [rainy.

2

— — 58 S. It rains a little.

4

«- . — j;5 S. Ditto.

8

-— — 52 S« It has rained fmce 4 o'cl^

A flrong heat is got up in the cucumber bed ^
air was continued at it day and night.

Sunday^ Odober 21, 1792;

"Hours. S. TL P. Th. Ther. Wind.

E. Clear, the fky red before
It rains. [fun-rife*

It has rained heavily fince
Fair, gloomy. [loo'cl.
Lightclouds, nearly calm.
Ditto.

Air was continued at the cucumber frame day and
night to let the fteam pafs ofL

I Monday^

6

—

— 49

s. :

10

—

— 55

s.

12

2

_„

— 55

- 56

s.
s.

5

—

— 54

s.

9

—

— 49

s.

6

lO

1 1

2

— — 49

— — 57

— — 59

— — 5^

5
S

4S

Cucumber plants. 93

Monday, Odober 22, 1792*

Hours. S. Th. P. Th. Thcr. Wind.

S. W. Flying, clouds.

S. W. Windy, feuds of raiiu

S. W. Scattered clouds.

S. W. Ditto.

S. W. Showers of rain.

S. W. Clear, and a brifk wind.

In the afternoon I fowed cucumber feed in leaf
mould in pans about three inches deep, covered
it about half an inch thick, and fet them on the
furface of the bed. I then fet a thermometer in the
frame, and at 4 o'clock the mercury flood at 94..
The lights were Ihut clofe down in the evening for
the night.

Tuefday, Odober 23, 1792,

K<3urs. S. Th. P. Th. Ther. Wind.

6

83

— 32

N. W.

, Clear and frofly-

10

80

— 39

N.

Cloudy.

12

81

- 46

N.

Scattered clouds.

3
5

79
77

— 44

— 40

N.
N.

Cloudy.

Clouds In the horizon.

9

— Z7

N.

Clear.

' The cucumber frame got air at 6 o'clock in the
morning, which was continued day and night.

Wedncfday,

94 MANAGEMENT OF THE

W'cdncjday\ October 24, 1792.

Hours,

. S.Th.

r. Th.

Thcr.

6

82

-*-

42

10

79

—

SI

12

79

—

55

2

81

—

53

4

80

—

48

5

78

—

46

9

—

42

Wind.

S. "W. Clear, and a brifli gale of
S. W. Scattered clouds, [wind.
S. W. Cloudy.
S. W. The fun fliines faintly.
S. W. Thin clouds all over the
S. W. Ditto. [iky.

S. W. Some clouds.

The plants begin to appear, the frame was covered
lip in the evening with lingle mats, and a little air
was left at each lidu all nio-ht.

o o

Thiirfday^ Oclobcr 2^^ »79-»

Hours. S. Th. P. Th. Thcr. Wind.

- 37 N. E. Foggy dull morning,

- 47 N. E, The fun glimpfes.
~ 49 N. E. Scattered great clouds-

- 48 N. E. Cloudy.

- 44 N. E. Ditto.

- 43 N. E. Ditto.

The frame was uncovered at fix o^clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with fnigle
mats j the furface of the bed was loofened with a
dung-lbrk four or five inches deep j air was continued
dav and nitrht. •

6

76

0
2

75

76

n

5

7'
66

9

—

Frid/iXy

CUCUMBER PLANTS. • ^f^

Friday, Odohcr 26, 1792.

«

nours.S.Th. P.Th. Thcr. Wind.

- 42 N. E. Cloudy, and a bri{lc wind*

- 42 N. E. Ditto.

- 4j N. E. Some drops of rain ftilU

- 44 N. E. Ditto.

- 44 N. E. Showery.

- 41 N. E. Gloomy.

- 41 N. E. Ditto.

The frame was uncovered in the morning, and co-
vered in the evening with fmgle mats j air was con-
tinued day and night,

Saturday^ Oclober 27, 1792.

6

70

8

6^

10

69

12

71

2

7S

4

73

9

—

Hours

.8. Til.

P.Th.

Then

wind.

6

79

..I.

43

E,

Cloudy, and a brilk wind

8

7S

—— .

48

S. E.

Ditto.

10

82

53

S. E.

Cloudy, nearly calm.

12

83

..^

57

S. E,

Scattered fmall clouds.

2

82

•^

58

S.

Ditto.

4

78

— ■

5^

s.

Ditto.

5

76

.—

49

s.

Ditto.

9

—

47

s.

Light clouds.

The frames were uncovered about 6 o'clock in
the morning, and covered up in the evening with
fmgle mats ; air was continued day and night ; the
feed leaves of the plants are fairly expanded.

Sunday^

§6 JiANAGEMENT OF tHt

Sunday^ Odober iS^ 1792.-

■fours,

, s.tK.

P.Th.

Thcf.

Wind.

6

76

50

S.

Cloiid)'', moifl: ) there had
been rain in the night*

9

77

ss

s.

Cloudy, nearly calm.

JO

78

5B

s.

Hazy.

iZ

80

60

s.

Sunfhine.

2

82

- —

59

s.

Clouds hete aftd there.

4

7^

_

57

s. w

. Ditto.

9

—

5^

s. w

. Ditto.

The frames were uncovered about 6 o*cIock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with fnigle
mats y air was continued day and night*

Monday^ Odoher 29, 1792^

Xioats

. S.Th. P.Th.

Ther.

Wind.

6

5^

S. W. It rains lightly^.

7

75 —

51

S. W. Fair, cloudy.

10

76 -

5^

S. W. Ditto.

12

80 —

57

S. W. Ditto.

<2,

79 —

5^

S. W. Sunfliine now and then,

4

77 —

57

S. W. Ditto.

5

75 —

^6

S. W. Ditto.

0

48

S. Vv^ Clear.

The frames were uncovered at 7 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with fingle
mats; air was continued day and night.

Tue/dayi

CUCUMBER PLANTS. 97

Tuefday^ O^obcr ^^o, 1792.

IHours

;. S.Th.

P.Th. Ther.

Wind.

6

72

— 44

SoW. Thin clouds cover the

10

12

3

79

78
76

— 54

— 55

— 54

S.W. It rains lightly. [iky.
S.W. Cloudy.
S.W. Ditto.

5
9

72

— 52

— 47

S.W. Light fliowers.
S.W. Cloudy.

The frames were uncovered about 6 o'clock in the
morning, and covered in the evening with fmgle
mats ; air was continued day and night. In the
afternoon I potted out the plants in fmall pots, three
plants in each ; the furface of the bed was then
ioofened, and the pots of plants fet on its furface.

Wednefday^ OBoher 31, 1792.

Hours. S.Th.

P.Th. Ther. Wind.

7

82

— 50 S.W. It rains.

lO

83

— 51 S.W. Fair, cloudy.

II

86

— 53 S.W. Ditto.

12

88

— 54 S.W. Suniliine.

I

89

— 54 S.W. Ditto.

3

84

— 54 S.W. Scattered clouds. .

5

78

— 48 S.W. Ditto.

8

— 44 S.W. Clear, and a brifk wind.

The frames were uncovered in the morning, and
covered up in the evening with fingle mats \ air was
continued day and night.

G rhurfday.

6

71

~ 44

30

8o

50

I

74

— 5^

2

72>

— 51

4

69

— 49

5

68

— 49

9

— ■

— 44

'gt MANAGEMENT OF THE

Tburfday^ November r, 1792*.

Kaxirs. S.Th. P.Th. Thcr. Wind.

S.W. Light clouds, wriich are
S.W. Cloudy, [redintheeaft.
S.W. Gloomy.

S.W. Ditto, [iince 3 o'clock.
S.W. Windy ; it has rained
S.W, It continues to rain.
— — 44 S, W. V/indy^ and a fmall rain.

The frame was uncovered at 7 o'clock in the morn-
ing, and covered up in the evening with double
mats. The furface of the bed was loofened, and
water poured into it j the plants were watered in ihi
forenoon with water 75 degrees warm.

Friday^ Ncv€7nber 2, 1792.

Wind.

S.W* Clear, and a brlflv gale

of wind.
S.W. Sunfhine, nearly calm-*
S.W. Ditto.
SW» Ditto.
S.W. Ditto.

S.W. Clouds in the horizon.
S.W. Clouds here and there,

•The frames were uncovered In the mormng, and
covered up m the evening v/ith double mats. A*:
10 o'clock in the morning I plunged a thermometer J
In the furface of the bed. among the pots of plants^ '"^
and funk its bulb about fix inches deep in the dung.
Air was continued at the plants day and night.

Heurs.

. S.Th.

P.Th.

Thcr.

6

70

—

27

k)

75

42

I t

85

114

47

12

91

117

49

■2

91

118

48

4

§0

1.19

45

9

—

43

Saturday

.1

Cucumber plants.

Saiurdayy November 3, 1792^.

99

Mouirs,

. S.Th.

P.Th.

Thcr.

7

78

122

46

10

86

122

52

12

85

123

54

i2

82

124

55

4

80

124

5'^

8

—

SI

Wind.

S.W. Light clouds cover the Iky;
S,W. Clear ^ and a brills gale of
S.W. Sunfhine* [wind*

S.W. Ditto.

S.W. Clear, arid nearly calm.
S.W. Cloudv.

The frame was uncovered in the rrlornhig about
^ o'clock, and covered up in the evening with
double riiats. The plants were watered in the morn*
Ing with, water about 80 degrees warnii

Sunday^ November 4^ 1792.

Hours. S.Th, P.Th. Ther. Wind.

7 74 1-2 1 40 S. E. Clear, and nearly calm*

S. Sunflinie.

S. Ditto.

S. Ditto.
S.W. Ditto.

S.W. Clouds here and there,
S.W. Light clouds.

The frame was uncovered about 7 o'clock in th«
iilorning, and covered up in the evening with double
iiiats. Air was continued day and night. The plants
h?ve their firfl rough leaves fairly expanded.

to

82

122

49

12

84

123

5?^

2

84

1-24

54

3

78

124

5Z

5

76

124

5^

s

—

-—

44

a 2 Mcndfty,

lOO MANAGEMENT OF THE

Monday J November 5, 1792.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Thcr. Wind.

7 65 118 32 N.E. Thick fog, white frofl.

10 y6 118 38 N.E. The fim appears through

11 80 1 19 43 N,E. Simfliirxe. [the fog.

12 92 121 48 N.E. Ditto. [eait.
2 80 121 47 N.E. Fog comes from the north-
4 79 121 42 N.E. Ditto.

^ — — 27 N.E. Ditto.

The frame was uncovered about 8 o'clock in the
jnorning, and covered up in the evening with mats.
x^ir was continued day and night.

Tuefday^ November 6, 1792.

flours

. S.Th.

P.Th.

Ther.

Wind.

7

62

115

29

S.W.

White froft, and a thick
fog, which has a dif-
agreeable fmell.

10
2

70
78
76

J'7
118

37
46

46

w.

w.

N.

Foggy, nearly calm.
Hazy.

Very thick fog.

4
6

72

119

4-4
44

N.E.
N. E.

Ditto.
Ditto.

8

—

45

N.E.

The fog is more thin.

The frame was uncovered about 8 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with double
mats.- In the forenoon the furface of the bed was
loofened feven or eight inches deep, and made level ;
the pots of plants were then fet on the furface of the
dung in hollows made with the hajad, fo that the
roots of the plants might receive a greater degree of
heat than that of the air in the frame, and yet be pre-
vented from an over-heat. Air was continued night

and day.

Wednefdayy

CUCUMBER PLANTS. IGI

Wedne/day, November 7, 1792.

Hours

;. S.Th.

P.Th.

Then

Wind.

6

69

122

43

s.w.

High thick clouds

10

69

122

46

s.w.

Ditto-

12

67

122

48

s.w.

Gloomy^

2

71

122

48

s.w.

Ditto.

4

68

122

48

s.w.

Ditto.

9 — — - 46 s.w. Cloudy.

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with double
mats. Air was continued day and night. At noon
the plants were watered with water 76 degrees warm.

Thurfday.

, November 8, 1792.

Hourji,

. S.Th.

P.Th. Thcr.

Wind.

7

67

120 46

s.w. Cloudy, calm,

8

66

120 47

s.w. Ditto.

10

68

119 49

S.W. Ditto.

12

75

^'9 53

S.W. Gloomy.

2

71

120 ^Q^

S.W. Ditto.

4

^5

120 49

S.W. Ditto.

9

— 44

S.W. Cloudy.

The frame was uncovered a little before 8 in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with double
inats. Air was continued day and night.

G 3 Friday y

[102 MANAGEMENT OF TH^

Friday y November 9, 179:

^ours

. S.Th.

P.Th.

Thcr.

wind.

7

80

121

41

s.

Gloomy.

9

76

121

49

s.

Cloudy, nearly caln:^.

10

75

12,1

53

s.

Ditto.

12

y6

121

53

s.

Ditto,

2

75

J2I

52

s.

Ditto.

4

72

121

50

s.

Cloudy, wind brifk.

S

_

42

s.w.

Clear, nearly calm.

The frames were uncovered at 8 o'clock in th@
morning, and covered up in the evening with doublq
inats. Air vvas continued dsiy and pight,

Saturday y November 10, ^yg^*

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Tlier. Wind.

S W. Cloudy, and a briik aiy-

S.W. Ditto. [of win4,

S.W. Light clouds.

S.W. The fun ihines faintly.

S.W. Cloudy..

S.W. Gloomy.

S.W. Dark.

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with double
mats. Air was continued day and night.

7

70

119

47

9

70

119

4'

11

71

119

53

I

74

119

54

2

70

119

53

■4

67

118

50

9

—

• —

47

Sunday;^

CUCUMBER PLANTS,

Sunday y November ii, 1792.

K*urs. S.Th. P.Th. Thcr. Wind.

103

7

67

"5

47

8

66

i'5

48

10

71

J 15

49

I

73

JI5

50

2

71

116

49

4

70

ii6

47

9

—

—

43

S. W. Hazy thick atmofphere.

S.W. Ditto.

S.V^T. Gloomy, fome drops of

S.W. Gloomy, [yain fall,

S.W. Ditto.

S.W. Ditio.

S.W, Light clouds.

The frame ivas uncovered about 7 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with double
jnats. Air was continued day and night.

Monday y November 12, 1792.

Hours.

S.Th.

P.Th.

Thcr.

Wind.

7

77

116

35

S. E,

The Iky is covered with
light flreaky clouds,
which are red a good
way up the horizon.

9

74

116

39

S.E,

Sunfhine.

JO

81

116

44

S. E.

Ditto.

12

^'5

116

48.

S.E.

Ditto.

2

74

116

48

S.E.

Clouds in the horizon.

7

4i

S.E.

Eligh wind, and fome

9

~

42

S.E.

Ditto, [clouds.

. The frame was uncovered about 7 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with double
mats. Air was continued day and night. The fecond
rough leaves of the plants are fairly expanded.

G 4 7ue/dayy

I04 MANAGEMENT OF TH£

Tuefday, Novejiiber 13, 1792.

Hours.

S.Th.

PTh.

Ther.

Wind.

6

47

S. E.

High wind, and fqud^ of
rain.

7

68

no

48

S. E.

There Is a rainbow in the
north-weft.

10

70

no

50

S. E.

Flyln?; clouds, windy.

12

74

I lO

51

S.

Cloudy, and nearly calm*

4

68

no

50

S

Clouds here and there.

7

.«»

—

44

s.w.

Clear, and nearly calm.

8

—

_

45

s.v/.

, A heavy rain.

The frame was uncovered about 7 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with double
mats. Air was continued day and night. To-day
old mats were hung round about the fides of the bed
to keep it warm.

Having taken the laft year's earth from off the bed,

and out of the pits, about four inches below the

furface of the flues, I had the flues brudied over with

thick grout made of lime and water, to make the

joints of the flues clofe, to prevent the fleam of the

linings from getting into the frames. I then had the

pits filled up on a level v/ith the flues with frefli leaf

earth, and preflfed it gently down to keep it from

fniking afterwards. I then made a hill of earth in

the middle of each pit, raifmg each hill about eight

or nine inches above the level of the flues ; thofe hills

are defigned to fet the plants in. Having thus

done, a lining of dung v/as made all round the bed,

and it was made three feet wide at the foundation,

and tapered up to about 28 inches at the top, and it

was

CUCUMBER PLANTS. :^J

was raifed near fo ir feet high, and was made of (Irong
ftmking wet dung which had lain for forae time in a
dung hole.

Wednefday^ Novejiiber 14, 1792.

Hours.S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

7 70 III 44 S.W. High wind, and it rains.
9 69 III 43 S.W, Cloudy and whidy.

10 73 III 45 S.W. Scattered clouds.

11 75 III 47 S.W. Scattered flying ^clouds,

1 70 11 50 S.W. Scuds of rain. [windy.

2 71 III 50 S W. Windy.

4 64 no 46 S.W. The wind is very high.

8 — — 46 S.W, Clear and windy.

The frame was uncovered about 8 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening, with about
three inches thick of hay and mats. At i o'clock I
watered the plants with water 78 degrees warm.

Tburfday^ Nove??iber 1$, 1792

P.Th. Ther.

7 70 105 43

10 68

105

47

12 68

105

48

2 69

105

47

4 63

104

41

S.W. Cloudy, and a brillv gale

of wind.
S.W Flying clouds, windy.
S.W. Sunfhine, windy.
S.W. Ditto. ^
W. Clear, and a brilli gale
of wind.

The frame was uncovered about 8 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with hay
and mats. Air was continued day and night.

Friday^

;|0\j MANAGEMENT 01 THE.

Friday y November i6, 1792,

Kours. S.Th. P.Th. Th&r, Wind. ^

7

^5

J 03

35

W.

Strong gale of wind, and
flreaky clouds^ which
are reddifh in colour.

10

69

103

40

w.

Sunfliine, windy.

32

68

65

43

Vsf.

Ditto.

4

64

65

41

w.

Windy, and flying clouds.

Between 10 and 11 o'clock I took nine pots of
plants out of the feedling frame, and carried them to
the fruiting frames, which were fet a-going on Tuef-
day laft, and I plunged one pot of plants in each hill,
I alfo removed the thermometers from the feedling
frame to the fruiting ones, and in the middle hill of
the middle frame clofe to the pot of plants 1 funk the
bulb of one of the thermometers about fix inches deep
in the earth of the hill, and the other thermometer
I fet at the foot of the hill nearly upright, and reftecj
its bulb on the furface of the earth.

The frames were covered up in the evening with
fmgle mats, and a little air left at each light all night,

•
S^aturday, Novc/iihcr 17, 1 792.

iO\n:->.

S.Th.

P.Th.

Thcr.

Wind.

7

62

64

''sq

W.

Clear, and a fliarp froft.

10

65

64

28

w.

Sunfliine.

I

79

72

36

w.

Ditto.

J-)

78

72

'^S

s.w.

Ditto.

4

67

71 -

3^

s.w.

Clear and calm.

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with fmgle

mats.

CaCUMBER PLANTS, 307

mats. In the afternoon I turned the plants out of
the pots Avith their balls whole, and I put threq
plants in each hill, and covered the balls with the
earth about an inch thick up the ftems of the plants.
There was a great fleam rifing put of the linings
#ibout the frames all the day.

Su7;day^ Novanber iS, 1792-.

J-Jours.

S.Th.

P.Th.

Thcr.

Wind.

7

65

68

30

S.W. Thin clouds all over tlie

9
10

66
68

68
68

34

40

S.W. Ditto. [iky,
S.W. Ditto.

I

5

72
70
61

70

70
69

43

43
40

S.W. Cloudy and nearly calm.

S.W. Ditto.

S.W, Cloudy^ and a brlik w^ind,.

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock in the
fnorning, and covered up m the evening with fmgle
;nats. Air v^as coi^tinued night and day,

Monday J 'November ^9, 1,792.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

7

72

72

aG

S.W. Cloudy and windy.

10

68

71

4'^

S.W. The fun ihines faintly.

12

65

70

^8

S V/. Sunfhine,

1

(^G

69

48

S.W. Pitto,

2

6j

69

47

W. A fhower of rain.

4

65

69

44

W. Cloudy and windy.

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock in tha
morning, and covered up in the evening with fmgle;
|H^|s, Air was continued day and ni^ghto

Tuefday^

Hours,

. S.Th.

P.Th.

Ther.

, 7

66

6S

28

lo

66

68

33

I

75

71

39

2

72

72

38

4

67

7»

3S

6

—

34

108 MANAGEMENT OF THE

Tm/Jayy November 20, 1792.

Wind.

S.W. Thin clouds ; the iky is

red before the fun.
S.W. Thin cloud$.
S.W. The fun fliines faintly.
S.W. Cloudy, and nearly calm.
S.W. Ditto,
S.W. Thin clouds.

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up about 4 o'clock in the
evening with fmgle mats.

Wednefdayy November 21, 1792.

Hours, S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

S.W. Cloudy, and a brilkgale

S.W. Ditto. [of wind,

S.W. Cloudy and windy,

S.W. Ditto.

S.W. Ditto.

S.W. Windy, and it rains.

The frames were uncovered about 7 o'clock in the
tnorning> and covered up in the evening with fingle
mats.

Thurfday^ November 22, 1792.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

7 59 ^5 36 S.W. Cloudy and windy.

10 62 6^ 40 S.W. Ditto.

11 72 68 42 S.W. Sunfhine.

1 74 68 43 S.W. Ditto.

2 67 69 40 S.W. Cloudy and windy.

3 65 ^9 Z7 S.W. A heavy fhower of hail,

& high guft of wind*

The frames were uncovered at 8 o'clock in the

morning.

7

64

67

47

10

(^5

67

50

12

66

67

51

I

(>Z

67

52

3

5

63

67

5'
49

7

74

75

34

9

67

74

35

o

69

73

37

3

69

72

4^

3

64

72

41

5

—

—

41

7

—

—

41

CUCUMBER PLANTS* I09

morning, and covered up in the evening with about
two inches thick of hay and mats Air was given all
day, and a little left at each light all night. I had ail
the flues covered about an inch thick with leaf earth,
and a little laid all round againft the infides of the
frames.

Friday^ November 22,^ ^792-

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

N. W, Thin clouds.
N. W. Clear in the well.
N.W. Cloudy, and abrifk wind.
N!W. Cloudy and windy.
N.W. Small fhower of rain.
N.W. Ditto.
N. Showeiry.

The frames were uncovered at 7 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with about
three inches thick of hay and mats. There not being
a good heat in the linings, to-day I had them turn-
ed, and fhaken well, and laid up light, fo that a
better heat might arife in them. I found the dung-
wet, and a very bad fmell in it.

Saturday^ Novemhcr 24, 1792.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. W'ind.

N. E. Some clouds, near calm.

N. E. Cloudy.

N.E. Ditto.

N. E. Ditto.

N. E. Ditto, and a cold w4nd.

N. E, Ditto.

N. E. Thin clouds.

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock in the

morning,

7

70

74

32

9

69

74

36

lO

67

73

38

I

65

72

41

3

(^l

71

40

4

61

71

40

9

-—

—

39

iio iVtANAGEMENl* QF tH^

morning, and covered tip In the evening with hajf
tind mats ; a little air was given in the day-time, but
the lights were fiiut elofe down in the eveniiig for th^
night.

Sunday, November 25, 1792.

burs.

S.Th.

P.Th.

Ther.

Wind.

7

_

39

N. E. Thin douds, and a brilk

8

72

75

39

N. E. Ditto [gale of wind*

10

6S

74

42

N. E. Ditto.

3

66

73

42

N. E. Ditto;

4

65

73

41

N. E. Ditto.

7

—

42

N. E. Ditto.

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock in the

morning, and covered up in the evening with about

two inches thick of hay and mats ; but little air wa?f

, given in the day-time, and the lights were fiiut clofc

down all night.

Monday y November 26, 1792.

Vtiurs. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

N. E. Cloudy, and a brilk wiml
N. E. Gloomy.
N. E. Ditto.
N.E. Ditto.
N.E. Ditto.
74 40 N. E. Some drops of rain fall.

The frames Were uncovered about 8 o'clock in the
iflorning, and covered in the evening with about
three inches thick of hay and mats. The llningSa
being funk, were railed v;ith frcfli long dung.

Tiiefday^

6

—

35

8

7S

7^

37

10

69.

76

38

32

66

75

39

'2

66

75

39

4

6^

74

40

CUCUMBER PLANTS, -X I t

Tiisfday^ November 27, 1792 »

r.mu, S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

7 81 81 39 N.E* Cloudy, gloomy*

10 71 78 40 N.E. Ditto.

12 71 78 41 N.E. Ditto.

2 70 77 4:2 N.E. Ditto.

4 ^7 77 4^ N.E. Ditto.

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with hay and
Riats. About II o'clock I gave the plants a little'
water y^ degrees warm.

IVednefday^ November 2S, 1/92.

Toiirs.

, S Th.

P.Th.

Ther.

Wind.

7

82

82

35

E.

Cloudy, and near calui,-

8

82

82

E.

Ditto.

10

72

81

36

E.

Ditto.

.12

70

79

38

1';.

Ditto.

.->

^7

77

3^

E.

Some drops of rain fall.

4

66

76"

5»

E.

Hazy.

6

—

,34

E.

A Anal! rain.

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock in the'
marning, and covered up in the evening with abouf
four inches thick of hay and mats. To-dny there-
was a great heat in the linhigs, and a great fleam
arifmg out of them. I had feveral tubs of watef
poured on them, and mofc vv'as given to thofe parts^
where the heat v;as greated. A little air was given
in the day-time^^but th« lights were (hut clofe all

■ Bight,

Thurfday,

'll-iS MANAGEMENT OF THt

T/mr/day^ November 29, 1792.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

8

80

83

29

E.

Clear, and near calm.

0

77

82

30

E.

Ditto.

10

/ 1

80

82

33

E.

Sunfliine.

II

84

8<

35

E,

Ditto.

12

87

84

38

E.

Ditto. •

I

90

85

39

E.

Ditto.

3

82

85

36

E.

Ditto.

4

75

85

32

E.

Clear and calm.

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with hay
and mats ; air was given in the day-time, and a
little left at each light all night.

'Friday^ 'November 30, 1792,

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

*7 — — 35 S. E. Foggy and near calm.

8 82 85 35 S. E. Ditto.
10 69 84 '}yS S. E. Ditto.
12 68 80 36 S. E. Ditto.

1 68 80 IS S. E. Ditto.
4 66 80 35 S. E. Ditto.

9 — — 29 S. E. Foggy and dark.

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock in
the morning, and covered at 4 in the evening with
hay and mats. The linings, being funk, were raif-
ed ; air was given in the day-time, and a little left
at ^ach light all night.

Saturday^

CUCUMBEk PLANTS* llj

Saturday^ December i, 1792^

kours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

' 8 68 77 32 S.E. Cloudy, and a brifk wincU

10 66 77 34 S.E. Ditto.

12 64 y6 32 S.E. Ditto.

1 64 y6 32 S.E. Ditto.

4 6i 77 31 S.E. Gloomy*
6 — — 30 S.E, Cloudy.

The frames were unGovered between 8 and 9 o'clock
in the morning, and covered up about 4 in the even-
ing with about three inches thick of hay and mats*
Air was continued day and night.

Sunday^ December 2, 1792.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

8 70 80 34 N. E. Cloudy, and a brlik gale

10 66 80 35 N.E. Ditto. [ofwind»-

12 6$ 81 36 N.E. Ditto.

2 64 81 36 N.E. Ditto*
4 63 81 35 N.E. Ditto.

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with hay
and mats. The plunged thermometer is now funk
in the pit about four inches from the north fide flue,
and its bulb is about fix inches below the furface of
the earth.

H Monday^

114 MANAGEMENT OF THE

Monday^ December 3, 1792,

tlours

. S.Th.

P.Th.

Ther.

Wind.

7

_

».

?>?>

N.E.

Thick foggy clouds, near-

8

70

84

34

N.E.

Ditto, [ly calm.

10

70

84

2>S

W,

Ditto.

12

64

83

34

W.

Cloudy, and a brifk wind.

2

60

82

32

W.

Ditto.

4

59

82

30

W.

Ditto.

6

28

W.

Ditto.

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with hay
and mats. Air was given in the day-time, but the
lights were fhnt clofe down all night.

Tuefday^ December 4, 1792.

Hours. S/rh. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

S.W. Foggy, and nearly calm.

S.W. Ditto.

S.W. Cloudy, and a brilk wind*

S.W. Ditto.

S.W. Ditto.

S.W. It rains gently. [high.

S.W. It rains, and the wind is

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with about
four inches thick of hay and mats.

7

76

85

Z5

9

71

85

36

10

70

85

37

12

67

85

42

3

^

84

42

4

60

84

44

8

—

—

45

iVedneJdajy

CUCUMBER PLANTS. lis

Wednefdajy December 5, 179:

Kours

i. S.Th.

P.Th.

Ther.

wind.

7

—

—

50

W. Cloudy, windy; there had
been rain In the night.

8

72

84

5^

W. Cloudy and windv.

10

66

84

5^

W. Ditto.

12

65

84

.51

W. Ditto.

2

63

83

52

W. Ditto.

4

64

83

52

W. Ditto.

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with hay and
mats. Air was given in the day-time, but the lights
were fhut clofe down all night.

Thurfdajy December 6, 1792.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. • Wind.^

y — — 42 S.E. Cloudy, andbut little wind.

8 83 89 43 S.W. Ditto.

10 69 ^y 46 S.W. Cloudy and windy.

12 6y 80 48 S.W. Scattered clouds, windy.

2 62, 86 48 S.W. Cloudy and windy.

4 6$ 85 47 S.W. Ditto.

8 — — 44 S.W. Clear and windy.

The frames were uncovered between 8 and 9 o'clock
in the morning, and covered up about 4 in the even-
ing with about three inches thick of hay and mats.
The linings, being funk, were raifedwith frefh dung.
Air was admitted all day, and a little left at each light
z\\ night.

H 2 . > Friday^

7

—

—

35

8

70

86

36

2

74

86

37

2

69

86

36

4

64

86

3'

7

—

—

27

Il6 MANAGEMENT OF THE

Friday y Deceinher 7, 1792.

Hours. S,Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

N. W. Windy, and fome clouds.

N.W. Ditto.

N.W. Sun/hine.

N.W, Ditto.

N.W. Clear, and a briik wind.

N.W. Clear, and nearly calm.

The frames were uncovered between 8 and 9 o'clock
in the morning, and covered up about 4 o'clock in
the evening with hay and mats. The linings were
examined, and put clofe to the fides of the frames.
The lights were fhut clofe down for about two hours
in the middle of the day. A little air was left at
each light all night. To-day I went over the plants
and flopped them, and with my hand I ftirred the
mould on the flues, and ^Ifo about the foot of the
hills all round about.

Saturday^ December 8, 1792.

Wind.

Hours,

, S.Th.

P.Th.

Ther

5

—

— —

27

7

_

_

26

8

76

88

27

9

72

88

2S

10

74

88

■30

12

75

38

35

3

76

88.

34

4

69

88

32

•9

—

3S

w.

Clear, calm ; a

Kttle hail

lies on the earth, which

had fallen in

the night.

v/.

Ditto.

w.

Clear, and near

ly calm.

w.

Ditto.

w.

Sunfhine.

s.w.

Ditto.

sw.

Ditto.

s.w.

Streaky clouds.

s.w.

Ditto.

The frames v^^ere uncovered about 8 o'clock in the

morning.

CUCUMBER PLANTS* Hy

morning, and covered up about 4 in the evening with
about two inches thick of hay and mats. Air was
given all day, and a little Idt at each light during

the night/

Simday, December 9, 1792,

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind,

7

—

—

39

W. Cloudy, and a high wind*

9

72

89

43

W. Ditto.

10

70

89

45

W. Ditto.

IX

67

8^

46

W. Ditto.

1

64

87

47

W. Ditto.

3

6j

87

47

W. Some drops of rain fall.

4

47

W. A fmal! drifting rain.

The frames were uncovered at 9 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with hay
and mats. The lights were fhut clofe 'down about
I o'clock, and were let remain fo all night.

Monday^ December 10^ ly g2»

^our3.S.Th. P.Tii. Ther. Wind.

6

—

, —

49

W. Windy and cloudy.

8

So

93

50

W. Ditto.

0

70

92

5^

Vs[, Ditto.

2

67

91

52

■\¥. High wind, andlight clouds,

2

^5

90

52

W. Ditto.

4

^3

90

51

W. Ditto.

8

4Q

W. Clear and windy.

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock m
the morning, and covered up in the evening with
about three inches thick of hay and mats. To-day
I went over the plants, and picked up the weeds that
were growing among them, and ftirrcd with my hand

H 3 the

Il8 MANAGEMENT OF THE

the earth on the flues. The linings were examined,
and put clofe to the fides of the frames.

Tuefdayy December ii, 1792.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

5 — — 41 W. Clear, and a fir ong gale of

wind.
W. The wind is fallen a little.
W. Streaky clouds.
W. The fun glimmers.
W. Cloudy and windy. -
W. The fun fhines faintly.
W. Clear and windy.

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with about
four inches thick of hay and mats. A little air was
continued at each light day and night.

Wednefday^ December 12, 1792.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Thcr. Wind.

7

—

— *

40

8

72

9'

41

10

69

91

4.^

32

68

90

44

2

63

89

42

4

62

88

40

7

—

—

31 W. Streaky clouds, and but
little wind.

8

78

92

32 W, The fun appears faintly.

10

69

91

35 W. Ditto.

J2

68

90

2^6 N,W. Cloudy, and a cold wind.

3

60

88

36 N.W. Ditto.

4

62

88

2,6 N.W. Ditto.

7

—

36 N.W. It rains.

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with hay
and mats. About noon I got water warmed to about
80 degrees, and therewith I watered thofe parts of
^^ ^ the flues that appeared dry, and poured fome of it

againft

CUCUMBER PLANTS. I!$

againft the fides of the frames all round. I then laid
a little more earth on the flues clofe againft the fides
of the frames.

Thurfday^ December 13, 1792*

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wmd.

6 — — 39 N.W. It rains gently.

9 74- 90 3^ ^' ^* ^i^^o.
10 M 89 36 N. E. Ditto.

12 68 88 37 N. E. A drizzling rain,
2 67 88 37 N. E. Ditto.
4 es 87 36 N. E. Ditto.

The frames were uncovered a little before 9 o'clock
in the morning, and covered up in the evening with
hay and mats. The linings, being funk, were raifed.
Air was given day and night.

Friday y December 14, 1792.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

y ^— — 36 N.W. Cloudy and windy.

9 77 90 40 N.W. Ditto.

10 70 90 44 N.W. Ditto.
12 74 90 49 N.W. Ditto.

2 72 90 48 N.W. Ditto.
4 70 89 47 N.W. Ditto.
7 — — 44 N.W. Ditto.

The frames were uncovered about 9 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up about 4 in the evening
with about three inches thick of hay and mats. It
the forenoon I went over the plants, and flopped
them, and picked the weeds out of the mould i but
little air was given in the day-time, and in the evening
the lights were fliut clofe down for the night.

H 4 Satur^

J^Q MANAGEMENT OF THJg

Saturday^ December 15, 1792.

Jlours. S.Th. P.Th. Thcr. Wind.

7

—

—

41

W.

Cloudy, and a brifk gale of

8

85

94

42

w.

Ditto. [wind.

10

73

9^

44

w.

The fun glimpfes.

1 1

7^

90

46

w.

Cloudy.

I

73

89

48

w.

Ditto.

0

69

89

47

w.

Ditto.

4

68

89

47

w.

Ditto.

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with hay
and mats. Air was given all day, and the lights \vere
fliut down in the evening for the night.

Sunday^

December 16, 1792,

-lours,

, S.Th.

P.Th.

Thcr.

Wii.d.

J

3^

S.E.

Thick clouds,

near calm.

8

88

95

3S

E.

Ditto.

30

74

94

40

E.

Ditto.

1 1

17^

94

41

E.

Gloomy.

I

72

9?^

43

E.

Ditto,

8

70

92

42

E.

Ditto.

4

68

91

41

E.

Ditto.

The frames were uncovered between 8 and 9
o'clock in the morning, and covered up in the even^
ing with hay and mats. Air was given in the middle
of the day^ but none v/as left all night.

Monday^

CUCUMBER PLANTS, ISl

Monday^ December 17, 1792.

iours

. S.Th.

P.Th. Ther. Wind.

7

— 40 S.W. Thin clouds, nearly calm.

9

84

94 41 S.W. Ditto.

lO

74

93 42 S.W. Ditto.

12

70

91 45 S.W. Cloudy, and a brifk wind.

2

65

89 45 S.W. Ditto.

4

63

89 43 S.W. Ditto.

The frames were uncovered about 9 o'clock In the
morning, and covered up about 4 in the evening
with four inches thick of hay and mats. To-day I
watered the flues, and poured fome water ail round
againfl: the fides of the frames to wafli and fweeten
them ; the water that I ufed was about 80 degrees
warm. The linings, being funk, were raifed with frefli
dung. Air was given in the day-time, and a little left
^t each light during the night.

December 18, 1792.

wind.

S.W. Plying clouds and (land-
ing ones above them,
and which are of ared^
difli colour.

S.W. Cloudy, and a briflv wind.

S.W. Cloudy and windy.

S.W. Ditto.

S.W. Ditto.

S.W. Ditto.

S.W. High wind, and cloudy.

uncovered at 9 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with hay
and mats. Air Vv^as admitted in the day-time, but
jthe lights were fhiut clofe down all night.

Wednefdaj^

Ttie/dayy

Hours,

. S.Th,

P.Th.

Ther.

7

~

~

45

9

n

90

46

10

70

90

48

12

67

89

50

2

66

89

51

4

65

88

52

8

—

50

The frames

were

5

—

—

49

8

—

—

47

9

8i

93

48

lO

67

92

49

12

73

91

48

'2

69

90

47

4

67

90

45

122 ^ MANAGEMENT OF THE

IVednefday, December 19, 1792.

H&urs. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

S.W. Clear, and a high wind*

S.W. Some clouds, windy.

S.W. Ditto.

S.W. Ditto.

S.W. Sunfhine, windy.

W. Ditto.

W. Windy, and fome clouds.

The frames were uncovered about 9 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up -at 4 in the evening with
about four inches thick of hay and mats. Air was^
continued all day, and a Uttle left at each light all
night. The linings were examined, and put clofe to
the fides of the frames.

Thurfday^ December 20, 1792.

Hour?. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

S.W. Cloudy, and a high wind.

S.W. Ditto.

S.W. Ditto.

S.W. There is a fmall drifting

S.W. Squally fhowers. [rain.

S.W. Windy and cloudy.

The frames were uncovered at 9 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up at 4 in the evening v/ith
iibout three inches thick of hay and mats. The
linings, being funk, were raifed with frefh hot dung.
Air w^as given day and night.

FridaVy

7

—

^

47

9

70

90

49

10

67

90

51

12

66

^9

52

2

67

88

48

4

65

88

47

CUCUMBER PLANTS.

J 23

Friday^ 'December 21, 1792.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6 — 34 W. Clear and windy.

9 58 85 ^S W. Ditto.

10 59 84 36 W. Sun{hine,andahighwind,

12 6s 85 38 W. Ditto.

4 &:> 86 '}^^ W. Cloudy and windy^

9 — — 32 W. Clear and windy.

The frames were uncovered about 9 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up about 4 in the evening
with hay and mats. Air was continued all the day,
but the lights were fhut clofe down in the evening
for the night. The plants were gone over, and
flopped, and the weeds picked out. The plants in
the weft frame are the beft, and they fhow their fruit
very ftrong,

Saturday y December 22, 1792,

ours.

S.Th.

P.Th.

Ther.

Wind.

7

42

s.w.

Cloudy and windy.

9

80

9?>

42

s.w.

Ditto.

10

72

92

43

s.w.

Ditto.

12

67

90

42

s.w.

Cloudyj and a high wind.

2

64

90

40

s.w.

A heavy fh.ower of rain.

4

60

89

38

s.w.

Shov/ery, and a high wind-..

6

^3^

s.w.

Clear, the wind is high.

The frames were uncovered at 9 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with about
three inches thick of hay and mats. The linings^,
being funk, were raifed with frefh dung juft come
out of the ilables. Air was admitted in the day-time^
and a little left at each light during the night,

Sundaw

124

MANAGEMENT OF THE

Si^h

idc7y.

December 23, 1792,

Hours

. S.TIi.

P.Th.

Then

Wind, ^

7

,

32

N.W. Clear, and a ilrong gak

9

72

90

3^

N.W, Ditto. [of wind.

lO

69

90

3^

N.W, Sunfliine, windy.

ji

74

90

3^

N.W. Ditto.

I

77

90

3^

N.W. Some thin clouds.

3

67

89

29

N.W, Cloudy, windy, cold.

4^^

68

89

28

N.W. Ditto/

6

i—.

27

N.W. Ditto.

9

.—

—

26

N.W. Ditto.

The frames -were uncorered between 9 7m6. jo
o'clock in the morning, and covered up in ihe evening
with hay and mats.

Mo7idaj^ December 2 A,^ 1792,

Hours. S,Th. P.Th. Thcr. Wind.

6

—

— —

29

N.W.

8

.-^

m..^

28

N.W.

9

17

92

29

N.W.

10

69

91

30

N.W.

12

50

^7

30

W.

■2

^3

87

31

w.

4

62

87

29

w.

8

— -

26

w.

Cloudy, and a brifk gale

Ditto. [of wind.

Ditto.

The wind is fallen.

The fan glimmers.

1 bin clouds, near calm.

Clear, and nearly calm.

Thin clouds.

The frames were uncovered about 9 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with about
five inches thick of hay and mats.

About noon I went over the frames, and with my
hand I ilirred the earth on the flues, and where I
found them very dry, there I ilrewed a little fre/li
moift mould. Air was left at each light during the

night.

'Ti4cfdayy

CUCUMBER PLANTS. ^15

Tuefday^ Dece?nbcr 25, 1792.

KQ\irs S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6 — — 29 S.W. Clear, and nearly caim.

A fhower of fnow had
fallen in the night-

7 — • — 28 S.W. Clear, and nearly calm,
9 78 92 29 S.W. Sunfhine.

10 74 91 29 S.W. Ditto.

12 y^ 91 34 S W. Thin clouds.

^ 7* 9^ 'iS S.W. Cloudy, and nearly calm.

4 7' 9^ 3- S.W. Ditto.

6 — — 32 S.W. Ditto.

The frames were uncovered at 9 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with hay
four inches thick, and mats. Some air was admitted
in the day-time, and a little left all the night. »

Wednefday, December 26, 1792.

Hours. S Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6 — — 2^ W. Cloudy, and a briflv wind i

there had been rain in
the night.
¥/. Gloomy.
N.W. Showers of fleet.
N.W. A heavy fall of wet fnow,
N.W. The fnow continues to
N.W. Ditto. [fall heavily.

N.W. Windy, and fome rain
falls, and the fnow is
nearly melted.

The frames were uncovered about 9 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up a little pad 3 o'clock in the
afternoon with about five inches thick of hay an4

mats.

9

^5

89

34

10

64

89

33

12

63

88

32

2

59

87

31

3

5B

87

3°

8

—

—

32

126 MANAGEMENT OF THE

mats. The lights were kept clofe fhut down all
the day, and remained fo during the night.

T/jur/dayy Decejiiber 27, 1792.

Hours. S.Th- P.Th. Then Wind.

6 — — 32 N.W. Cloudy, and but little

wind.

9 80 92 33 N.W. Cloudy, and nearly calm.

10 69 91 34 N.W. Ditto.

12. 70 ^o 2)^ N.W. Ditto.

2 70 90 ^^ N.W. Clouds here and there*

4 68 90 2)?> ^-W. Clear, and a brife wind.

7 _ _ 28 N.W. Ditto.

The frames were uncovered at 9 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with about
four inches thick of hay and mats. Air was ad-
mitted at 9 o'clock, and continued all day, and a
little left all night. To-day I laid fome earth round
the hills, and the tops of them I covered with earth
about an inch thick, and made it clofe to the flems
of the plants. I then flopped the plants, and laid
their vines out regular, and fixed them down to the
hills with pegs.

Friday^ December 28, 1792.

I-Iours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

W. Clear, and a brifk wind.
W\ Ditto.
W. Sunfliine.
W\ Ditto.

N.W. Flying clouds.

N.W. Ditto. [the moon-

N.W. There is a circle about

The frames were uncovered about 9 o'clock in the

morning,,

6

—

—

30

9

71

90

33

10

6j

89

34

J2

70

89

36

2

68

88

38

4

64

88

37

8

—

—

34

CUCUMBER PLANTS. I 27

morning, and covered up at 4 in the evening with
hay and mats. The linings, being funk, were raifed
with frefh dung. Air was admitted day and night.

Saturday y Dccemler 29, 1792.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6

—

-^

35

S. Cloudy ; there had been
rain in the night.

9

10

76
71

92

9^

38
39

S.W. Cloudy.
S.W. Ditto.

12

2
4

73

7'
69

90
90
89

45
46

45

S.W. Gloomy.
S.W. Ditto.
S.W. Ditto.

The frames were uncovered at 9 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with about
four inches' thick of hay and mats. In the afternoon
a layer of frefh dung was laid on the linings. Air was
continued at each light day and night.

Sunday^ December 30, 1792.

Hours. S.Tk. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6 — — 44 N.W. It rains.

9 "jG 93 42 N.W. Ditto.

10 71 92 43 N.W. Fair, cloudy.

1 77 92 43 W. Sunlhine.

2 75 92 42 W. Cloudy.

4 70 92 39 W. Clouds here and there.
8 — — 30 W. Clear, and near calm. "

The frames were uncovered at 9 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with hay
and mats.

Monday^

12S MANAGEMENT OF tHE

Monday^ December 31, 1 7 9 2,

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6 — — 23 W. Clear and calm.

7 — — 24 W. Ditto.

8 — — 22 W. Clear, and a brifk air of

9 80 94 24 W. Ditto. [wind*
10 72 ^Ty 24 W. Thin clouds cover the flvy.
^2 IS 93 ^^ ^^^* Sunfhine.

1 72 92 29 W. A thick fog.

2 69 91 28 W. Ditto.
4 ^5 91 27 W. Ditto.

g — . — 21 W. The thick fog continues,

and it has a bad fmelL

The frames were uncovered about 9 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up at 4 in the evening with
about five inches thick of hay and mats. To-day I
went over the plants, and flopped them, and nipped off
feme of the male bloffoms where they were in cluf-
ters. To-day I had fome dung put together in a
heap to heat, to make a lining for the fouth fide
of the bed. But little air was given in the day-time>
and the lights were fnut clofe down all night.

Tucfday^ January i, 1793.

Koins. S.Th. P.Th. Iher. Wind.

S. E. Cloudy, and a brifk wind-
S.E. Ditto.

S. Ditto.

S. It rains a little.

S. Fair and cloudy.

S. Flying thick clouds, but
S. E. Cloudy. [little wind.

The frames were uncovered about 9 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up about 4 in the evening with

five

6

—

30

9

80

94

3'

10

71

9?>

34

12

63

91

34

2

63

90

2?,

4

60

89

33

10

—

—

32

CUCUMBER PLANTS. i2g

five inches thick of hay and mats. Air was admit-
ted in the day-time, and a little left at each light
during the night.

Wednefddyy "January 2, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. V/ind.

6 — — 32 N.W, Cloudy, there had been

rain in the night ; the
air is full of moifture.
N.W. Foggy, and fnow falls.
N.W. Ditto.

N.W. Cloudy, and a brifk wind»
N.W. Cloudy, and nearly calm.
N.W. Ditto.
N. E. Ditto.

The frames were uncovered about 9 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with about
five inches thick of hay and mats. To-day I had a
frefh lining put to the fouth fide of the bed, in doing
which, I had the frefh dung that was on the top o£
the old lining laid afide, and all the exbaufled dung
taken away ; and the dung that had been on the top
of the lining, and was not exhaufled, that I had
worked into the foundation of the new lining, and
then had frefh dung laid above it. The lining was
made about three feet wide at the foundation, and
r^pered up to about twenty-eight inches at the top^

9

74

9?,

31

10

72

93

31

12

70

91

32

2

^1

90

3^

4

66

89

34

9

—

—

32

Vthurfday^

130 MANAGEMENT OF Ttlt

Thurfdayy January i^ 1793'

Htnirs. S.Th, P.th. Ther. Wind.

6

—

—

27

W. A thick fog.

9

76

89

'^7

\V. Ditto.

10

70

88

28

W. Ditto.

12

67

87

30

W. Ditto.

4

68

S7

3^^

W. Ditto.

8

—

3C>

W. Clear and calm.

The frames were uncovered at 9 o'clock in the
moining, and covered up in the evening with about
four inches thick of hay and mats. Air was conti-
nued day and night. The lining that was made up
yeilerday^ being funk, was raifed with frefli dung. I
went over the plants, and flopped them, and picked
forae male bloiTonis off.

Friday^ January 4, 1793.

Hours. S.Tli. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6

..^

— -

29

E. Cloudy, and a brifk wind.

9

76

92

29

E. Heavy clouds come from the
eafl.

10

70

91

30

E. Cloudy, and but little wind.

12

68

90

Z^

E. Ditto.

2

64

90

32

E. Ditto.

3

^3

90

30

E. Ditto.

4

62

^9

28

E. Ditto.

8

—

24

E. Ditto.

The frames were uncovered about 9 o'clock in the
moniing, and covered up about 4 in the evening with
four inches thick of hay and mats. The linings were
examined, and put clofe to the fides of the frames,
and the. fouth fide lining, being funk, was raifed.
A great (learn kept rifing out of it all day.

Safurdav.

CUCUMBER PLANTS. I^l

Saturday y yanuary ^, ^793'

■Tuurs. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6

— .

29

S.

Cloudy and windy.

9

70

90

32

s.

Ditto.

lO

63

90

?>?>

s.

Ditto.

12

67

90

?>s

s.

It rains.

a

69

90

3^

s.w.

Ditto.

4

67

90

3B

S.V7.

Ditto.

7-

3S

S.W.

Clear, and a brifk wind,

Tiie frames were uncovered at 9 o'clock in the morn-
ing, and covered up in the evening with three inches
thick of hay and mars. Air was admitted in the
day-tim^ej and a little left at each light during the
night.

Sunday^ yanuary 6, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6

—

—

30

W.

Clear, and a brifk wind

9

n

94-

31

W.

Ditto.

10

71

94

32

W.

Ditto.

II

11

94

34

w.

Sunfliine.

12

76

94

38

w.

Scattered cloudsi

2

76

94

37

N.W.

Sunfliine.

4

70

91

34

N.W.

Clear, and a brifk wind.

9

27

N.W.

Clear, and near calm.

The frames were uncovered about 9 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up about 4 in the evening with
£ve inches thick of hay and mats. Air was given in
the day-time, but the lights vv^ere fhut clofe down

all night,

Monds

l'^2 MANAGEMENT OF THE

Monday, January y, i793«

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Tlier. Wind,

5

...-

22

w.

Clear and calm.

8

*—

-^

23

w.

The fky is overcaflwithtbin

9

82

97

26

w.

Thin clouds. [clouds.

lo

74

96

33

w.

Ditto.

12

68

95

38

s.

A fprinkling of rain.

2

68

94

37

s.

Cloudy and windy.

4

67

94

37

s.

Ditto.

The frames were uncovered about 9 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with about
four inches thick of hay and mats. Air was admit-
ted at 9 o'clock, and continued all day, and fome
left all night* The linings were raifed with frefh
dung. In the afternoon I went over the plants, and
flopped them, and thinned out fome of the oldefl
leaves, and pegged "clown the fhoots of the plants^
and picked off the dead male blolToms.

Tuefday, January 8, 1793.

Hours. S,Th. P.Th. Iher. Wind.

6 — - c — 46 S.W. It rains, and there had

been a great deal of

rain in the night.

8

<-^

—

44

S.W.

Fair and cloudy.

9

78

95

45

S.W.

Scattered clouds, and a

I®

74

95

46

S.W.

Ditto. [briik wind.

12

75

95

45

N.W.

Ditto.

I

76

95

44

N.W.

Sunfliine.

2

75

95

44

N.W.

Ditto.

4

70

94

40

N.W.

Clear, and a brilk wind.

7

32

N.W.

Ditto.

The frames were uncovered a little before 9 o'clock

in

CUCUMBER PLANTS. I33

in the morning, and covered up in the evening with
about three inches thick of hay and mats. Air was
admitted day and night.

Wednefday^ 'January 9, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6

— .

.—

16

N.W.

Clear, and nearly calm.

9

80

96

28

N.W.

Ditto.

10

IS

96

3'^

N.W.

Sunlhine.

11

82

96

33

N.W.

Ditto.

I

82

96

36

N.W.

Ditto.

2

82

91

37

S. E.

The fun fhines faintly.

4

IS

97

35

S. E.

Thin clouds cover the

7

34

S. E.

Ditto. [%,

The frames were uncovered about 9 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with about
two inches thick of hay and mats. Air was conti-
nued all the day, and a little left at each light during
the night. In the forenoon I went over the plants,
and flopped them, thinned their leaves, and fet fome
fruit that w^ere in blofTom. The linings were exa-
mined, and put clofe to the fides of the frames.

Thurfday^ January 10, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

5 — — yi s. Windy, and thick flying

clouds.
S. Ditto, and a fmall rain,
S. Ditto. [clouds.

S. Fair, and flying great
S.W. Ditto.

S.W. Clear, and a brifk wind.
S.W. Ditto.

The frames were uncovered at 9 o'clock in the
1 3 morning^

9

70

9S

40

10

68

95

42

12

67

95

46

2

69

9S

48

4

67

95

46

7

—

— ■-

43

134 MANAGEMENT OF THE

morning, and covered up at 4 in the evening with
about two iuches thick of hay and mats. Air was
continued day and night.

Friday^

7j;iL'.-r_y II, 1793.

Hours.

, S.Th.

P.Th.

Ther.

Wind.

6

—

40

^.W.

Cloudy; there had been
rain in the night.

9

75

96

42

s.w.

Cloudy, and a brifk galo

10

■4

95

43

s.w.

Suniliine. [of Vv'ind.

12

60

80

43

s.w.

Clouds here and i:liere.

2

56

74

43

SAY.

Suniliine.

4

54

75

42

C'

It begins to rain, and the
wind is high. [rain.

5

—

— —

42

s.

High wind, and fome

7

—

— .

42

s.

Fair, tlouJy, windy.

The frames were uncovered about 9 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with about
three inches thick of hay and mats. To-day I laid
fome earth round each hill, and covered the furface
'of the hills among the plants about half an inch thick
with fine fifted leaf earth. I then flopped the plants,
thinned their leaves, and laid the fnoots out regular
on the hills, and pegged them down to the earth
with little v/ooden pegs, and I removed the plunged
thermometer, and fet it in the hill about ten inches
north from the ilems of the plants, with its bulb fix
inches below the furface of the earth; I made the
earth clofe to its tube to prevent the external air in
the bed from penetrating too quickly to the bulb ;
I fet the other thermometer by it with its bulb on the
furface of the earth of the hill, and I Ttuck a Pack

3

inia

CUCUMB2R PLANTS. I35

into the hill for the furface thenncmeter to lean

'C*

Saturday. J January 12, I793'

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Th?r. Wind.

5 — — n^6 S. Cloudy, and a high whid ;

there: had much raiu In

t!ie night. [ high.

■8 — — 38 S.Vv . Il rains, and the wind is

9 69 80 39 S.W. It rains heavily, gloomy,
10 64 80 38 S.W. Fair, cloudy.

12 68 So 40 S.V7. SunOiine, windy.

\ 2 70 80 40 S.W. Ditto.

4 6-j 80 2-^ S.W. Clscir, windy.

8 — "^ oS ^ ' Cloudy, windy.

«■

The frames v/ere uncovered about 9 o'clock in the

morning, and covered up in the evening with about

three inches thick of hay and mats. The linings

were raifed with frelh dung.

Sunday^ January 13? 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6 — — 31 S.W. Clear, and near calm.

8 , — — 02 S.W. Clouds here and there,

9 IS S4 33 S.W. Sunfliiue,

10 72 84 35 S. Ditto.

11 75 85 36 S. Ditto.

1 85 87 42 S. Ditto.

2 85 87 42 S. Clouds here and there.
4 73 86 38 S. Ditto.

8 — — 34 S. E. Clear, and a brifK. wind.

The frames vv^cre uncovered about 9 o'clock in the

morning, and covered up in the evening with hay

and mats.

1 4 Monday^

IJ^ MANAGEMENT OF THE

Monday^ "January 14, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

E. Foggy,

E. Showery.
N. E. Ditto.

N. E. Cloudy, andabrifk wind,
N.E. Ditto.

N. E. Ditto. [wind.

N. E. Clear, and a briflv gale of

The frames were uncovered about 9 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with about
four inches thick of hay and mats. Air was given
day and night. In the forenoon I went over the
plants, and flopped them, thinned their leaves, and
laid the vines out regular.

6

—

—

32

9

78

87

iS

10

70

^^

30

12

64

8 +

38

2

67

83

38

4

65

83

38

7

— -

—

Zi.

Tuefday^

January 15, 1793.

.Hours.

, S.Th.

P.Th. Ther.

V/ind.

6

— *

— 32

N. E. Cloudy and windy.

8

"— 33

N.E. Ditto.

9

80

88 Zi

N.E. Ditto.

10

68

86 34

N E. Ditto.

?2

65

85 ZS

N.E. A little fnow falls.

2

60

83 34

N.E. Ditto.

4

SI

81 ZT^

N.E. Windv, cloudy, gloomy.

7

— 32

N.E. Windy,

The frames w^re uncovered about 9 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with about
three inches thick of hay and mats. Air was conti-
nued day and night. To-day I had the frefh dung
taken from off the north fide lining, and laid aljde,
and then the rotten part in the bottom carried away,

an4

CtJCUMBER PLANTS. I37

and the unexhaufled dung that was on the top work-
edinto the bottom part, and the deficiency made up
with frefh dung. The lining was made near three
feet wide in the foundation, and tapered up to about
tvventy-iix inches at the top.

Wediiefdaji "January i6, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Thcr. Wind.

6

_

—

3^

N. E. Cloudy, cold, and windy.

8

—

—

30

N. E. Ditto.

9

58

81

30

N. E. Ditto.

10

SS

81

3'

N. E. Ditto.

12

56

80

3^

N.E. Ditto.

2

ss

80

31

N. E. Ditto,

4

54

79

31

N.E. Ditto.

The frames were uncovered about 9 o^clock- in the
morning, and covered up about 4 o'clock with about
four mches thick of hay and mats. The linings were
examined, and put clofe to the fides of the frames.
Ai)' was given in the day-time, and a little left at
each light all night. As the weather is fo cold and
windy, it would have been better not to have chang-
ed the back lining yefterday, but to have deferred
it for fome days longer, by which the heat would
.have been kept more fteady, which is a great advan-
liage, efpecially in windy weather.

Thurfday^

138 MANAGEMENT CF THii

Thurfday^ January 17, 1793.

fours.

S.Th.

P.Th.

Ther.

Wind.

6

. —

31

N. Foggy.

8

—

3-

N. Ditto.

9

-78

8i

33

N.E. It rains.

10

68

81

35

N. E. Cloudy, and a brlik gale

12

63

80

35

N.E. Ditto. [of wind.

2

61

-79

3i

N.E. Ditto.

4

57

79

30

N.E. Ditto.

IC

29

N.E. Ditto.

_ The frames were uncoveted about 9 o'clock in the
iTiorning, and covered up about 4 in the evening with
bay and mats ; but little air was given in the day-
time, and the lights were ihut clofe down all night.

Friday^ January 18, 1793*

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. VvUnd.

6 — — 29 N. E. Cloudy, and windy,

9 70 81 30 N.E. Ditto.

JO 63 80 31 N. E. Ditto.

11 67 80 32 N.E. Scattered clouds.

12 70 80-32 N.E, Ditto.

2 72 81 31 N.E. Sunihine.

3 69 82 31 N.E. Clouds here and there.

4 63 81 29 N.E. Clear, and the wind is,

fallen,
g — — 27 N.E. Clear, and near calm.
JO — -—22 N.E. Ditto.

The frames were uncovered a little before 9 o'clock
in the morning, and covered up in the evening with
about four inches thick of hay and mats ; but little
air was given in the day-time, and the lights vv'ere
iliut clofe down in the evening for the night.

Saturday,

CUCUMBER PLANTS. J^J

Saturday^ Januarj 19, 1793*

Heurs

. S.Th,

P.Th.

Then

Wind.

6

—

^

'9

N. E. Clear, calm, and a white

8

_

19

N.E. Ditto. [froil.

9

72

82

20

N. E. Sunfhine,

lO

6S

82

22

N.E. Ditto.

1 1

72

82

25

N. E. Ditto.

12

76

83

26

N.W. Ditto.

I

78

84

27

N.W. Ditto.

2

75

Bi-

27

N.W. The fun fliines faintly.

4

68

85

26

N.W. Ditto.

5

~

26

N.W. There is a thick fog,
which has a difagree^
able fmell.

8

—

—

24

N.W. Foggy.

lO

—

— -

25

N.W. The fog is got high.

The frames were uncovered about 9 o'clock In the
morning, and covered up in the evening with abou^
four inches' thick of hay and mats. The lights were
kept clofe fhut down till i o'clock, when a little
air was admitted, and continued till 3 o'clock, and
then the lights were fhut down again for the night.
The linings were raifed as high as the furface of the
mould in the frames with hut dung.

About 3 o'clock in the afternoon, by trial, I found
the water underneath the ice in the pond to raife the
thermometer to '}^^;^ and that running out of a pipe
into the pond, raifed It to 39, and the fpring fi'oni
whence the faid water came, raifed it to 45 degrees ;
fo that the water, by running about a quarter of a
mile through the pipe in the earth, had become fix
degrees colder than Vv hen In the fpring.

Sunday^

240 ' MANAGEMENT OF THE

Swidajy

January 20,

'793-

Hcurs. S,Th.

P.Th. Ther.

wind .

6

_

— 28

W. The air

is thick, and a

9

.85

90 29

W. Ditto,

[white fioft.

lo

7^

89 30

W. Ditto.

11

75

B9 31

W. Ditto.

I

73

88 32

W. Gloomy.

-

2

71

88 32

W. Ditto.

4

68

87 31

W. Ditto.

6

—

— 29

W. Cloudy,

and but little wind.

The frames were uncovered about 9 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up at 4 in the evening with
about four inches thick of hay and mats. Air was
given at I o o'clock, and continued all the day, and
a little left at each light all night.

Monday^ January 21, iy92>'

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6 — — 29 S.W. Thin clouds, near calm,

g „ _ 28 S.W. Ditto.

9 86 92 29 S.W. Ditto.

10 "j^ 91 31 S.W. Ditto.

7'^ 90 36 S.W. Ditto.

^ 73 ^9 3^ S.W. Cloudy, and a brifk wind,

4 69 88 34 S.W. Ditto.

^^ j^ y^ j^ . - — ^

12 y2> 9^ 3^ S.W. Ditto.

2 73 89 36 S.W. Cloud

4 69 88 34 S.W. Ditto.

rj — — 29 S.W. Clear, and nearly calm.

9 — — 27 S.W. Ditto.

The frames were uncovered about 9 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with about
three inches thick of hay and mats. Air was conti-
nued all day, and a little left all night. The north
fide lining, being funk, was raifed with frefh dung.

In

CUCUMBER PLANTS. ^41

In the forenoon I went over the plants, flopped them,
thinned their leaves, and put pieces of glafs under
fome fet fruit,

%uefday^ "January 22, 1793*

Kours. S.Th. P.Th. Th^r. Wind.

6

—

« "

31

S.W. Thin clouds, nearly calm.

9

82

92

33

S.W. Gloomy.

10

76

91

35

S.W. Ditto.

12

76

90

39

S.W. Ditto.

2

67

90

38

S.W. Ditto.

4

68

89

ZS

S.W. Ditto.

7

—

33

S.W^- Ditto.

The frames v/ere uncovered a little before 9 o'clock
in the itiorning, and covered up about 4 in the even-
ing with hay and mats. Air was given in the day-
time, and a little left at each light all night. To-day
the linings were well watered

Wednefdayy January 23, 1793*

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Then Wind.

6

-.^

— .

30

S.W. Dull cloudy morning.

9

78

9*

33

S.W. Cloudy, and but little

10

73

90

34

S.W. Ditto. [wind.

12

68

88

37

S.W. Ditto.

4

62

87

53

S.W. Ditto.

8

—

34

S.W. Ditto.

The frames were uncovered at 9 o'clock, and cover-
ed up in the evening v/ith about two inches thick of
hay and mats. At noon I went over the plants and
(lopped them, and thinned their leaves, and laid out
their vines regularly. I alfo ftirred here and there
I the

14^ Managemlnt of the

the mould on the flues, and on thofe parts where I
Ibuiid the mould dry, there I ilrev/ed on fome that
was moiftc Air was continued night and day.

Thiirfday^ yamiary 24, 1793.

Hours, S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6

—

—

3^

S.W. Cloudy, and near calm.

8

79

90

38

S.W. Ditto.

10

72

89

41

S.W. It begins to rain.

12

Gy

87

42

S.W. It rains gently.

ri

66

27

42

S.W. Small rain.

4

66

87

42

S.W. Ditto.

7

—

42

S.W. Ditto.

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock In the
jmorning, and covered up in the evening with about
three inches thick of hay and mats. Air was given
In the day-time, and a little left at each light all
night. The north fide lining was very hot, and a
great fleam rifing out of it, therefore water was
poured upon it plentifully

Friday, January 25, 1795.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

5 — — 36 N. E. It rains, and there had

been much rain In the
night.
8 72 88 -^6 N. E. It rains lightly.
10 6"] 87 37 N. E. Fair, gloomy.
•12 68 86 38 N.E. Ditto.
2 6y 86 37 N.E. Ditto.
4 69 86 35 N.E. Ditto.
10 — . — 28 N.E, Clear, and nearly calm.

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock in the

morning.

CUCUMBER PLANTS, 14^

morning, and covered up between 4 and 5 in the
evening with hay and mats. In the forenoon I went
over the plants, and flopped them, thinned their
leaves, and thofe fruit that I found in bloiTom I fet*
A Httle air was continued day and night. The hn-
ings, being funk, v/ere raifed with dung frefh from
the (tables.

Saturday, January 26, 1793.

Hours

, S.Th.

, p.ib.

Ther.

Wind.

6

—

22

N.

Clear, and nearly calm,

9

80

90

24

N.E.

Ditto*

lO

So

90

26

S.E.

Sunlhine.

12

83

9^

31

S.E.

Ditto.

I

76

90

34

S.E.

Cloudy.

3

72

90

33

S.E.

Ditto.

4

6S

89

30

S.E.

Ditto.

7

—

25

S.E.

Clear, and nearly caIn:

The frames were uncovered at 9 o'clock In the
morning, and covered up in the evening with four
inches thick of hay and mats. About noon I went
over the plants, and flopped them, and fet the fruit
that were In bloiTom. Air was continued day and
night at every light.

Sunday^ Jamiary 27, 1793.

Hours. S Th.

P.Th.

Thcr.

Wind.

6 —

—

28

S.W. Cloudy, qloomy.

9 19

92

32

S.W. Snowfalls.

10 y^,

91

33

S.W. Cloudy.

II 72

90

3S

S.W. Thin clouds.

I y6

90

3^

S.W. The fun glimmers.

2 77

9f

39

S.W. Cloudy.

4 68

90

37

W. Ditto.

9 —

W. Ditto.

The frames

were

uncovered about 9 o'clock In the

morning,

144 ^tANAGEMENT OF THE

morning, and covered up in the evening with hay
and mats ; air was given in the day-time, but the
lights were fliut clofe down all night.

Monday^ January 28, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6 "^ — 36 W. Cloudy and gloomy.

9 84 94^ 38 W. Ditto.

10 80 93 40 W. Thin clouds.

12 85 93 45 W. Bright funihine.

1 88 94 47 -W. Ditto.

2 89 94 48 W. Ditto.

4 77 93 44 W* Smallclouds here and there.

The frames were uncovered a little before 9 o'clock
in the morning, and covered up in the evening with
about four inches thick of hay and mats. Air was
given at 9 o'clock in the morning, and continued all
day, and a little left at every light all night.

To-day I mixed together the moid and dry mould
that lay on the flues, and laid it round the fides of the
hills ; and I laid about an inch thick of it among the
ftems and vines of the plants ; and having made the
furface of the hills level, I trained the plants out care-
fully, and pegged them down here and there at their
joints, lightly covering thofe part with mould, in order
that they might flrike root, and thereby ftrengthen
themfelves. The hills now on all fides cover about
three inches of the furface of the flues, and the other
parts of the flues are left nearly bare of mould.

Tuefday.

6

—

—

37

9.

72

92

39

10

74

92

42

I

!(>

91

50

2

70

91

47

4

70

91

46

7

—

45

tUCUMBER PLANTS. I45

Tucfday^ January 29, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

S.W.- Cloudy, and a brifk wind.

S.W. Ditto.

S.W. Ditto.

S.W. Tlie fun glimmers.

S.W. Cloudy, and it rains a

little.
S.W. Cloudy, and a briik gale
S.W. Ditto, [of wind.

The frames were uncovered about 9 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with three
inches thick of hay and mats. Air was continued
day and night. About 1 1 o'clock I gave the plants
a moderate watering, in doing which I gave moft
round the fides of the hills clofe to the flues, for
there the heat is always greateft. I alfo watered the
plants all over their leaves, and poured fome on the
flues and againft the fides of the frames, to wafh and
fweeten them. The water was 76 degrees warm.

Wednefday^ January ^iO^ ^793'

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Then Wind.

6

—

.—-.

37

W.

Cloudy, and a brifli wind.

9

11

92

?>S

N.W.

Ditto.

0

70

91

36

N.W.

Ditto.

I

72

91

37

N.W.

Sunfliine.

2

70

91

37

W.

Ditto.

2

(i%

9i

38

w.

Windy, and fome clouds^

3

1^

91

39

w.

Ditto.

4

64

90

37

w.

Clouds here and there.

8

■""

?>S

w.

Cloudy, and a brifk gale
[of wind»

The frames were uncovered at 9 o'clock in the
K morning.

146 MANAGEMENT OF THE

morning, and covered up in the evening with about
three'inches thick of hay and mats. Air was given
day and night. At noon I went over the plants, and
flopped them, thinned their leaves, and fet the fruit
in bloffom. To-day I began to cut fruit.

Thiirfday^ January 2)^^ I793»

Hfours

. S.Th.

P.Th.

Ther.

Wind.

6

—

29

w.

Clear, and a briflc gale of

9

70

88

3^

w.

Ditto. [wind.

10

72

88

?)5

w.

Sunlhine.

12

75

89

42

w.

The air is overcafl with

1

65

^^

42

w.

Cloudy. [thin cloads.

4

70

88

40

w.

Ditto.

7

—

Z7

w.

Ditto.

10

—

—

39

w.

Ditto.

The frames were uncovered about 9 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up between 4 and 5 in the
evening with about four inches thick of hay and
mats. The linings, being funk, were raifed with
frefii dung. Air was given in the day-time, but the
lights were fhut down clofe all night. I went over the
plants and flopped them, and fet the fruit in bloffom,
and nipped off feveral male and female bloffoms
where they were too thick.

Friday^

Cucumber plaMts. 147

i^i

nday^

February i, 1793.

Hours

. S.Th.

P.Th.

Ther.

Wind.

6

38

S. It rains lightly.

9

84

91

42

S. Ditto.

10

78

91

43

S. Cloudy, and a brllk wind.

II

72

90

4^

S. Ditto.

12

77

90

44

S. Scattered clouds. [then.

I

84

91

45

S. The fun Ihines now and

2

80

91

45

S. Windy, and fome clouds.

4

74

91

43

S. Cloudy, windy.

10

Z7

W. Clear, and a brifii wind.

The frames were uncovered at 9 o'clock in
the morning, and covered up in the evening with
about three inches thick of hay and mats. But
little air was given to-day. The lights were fliut
down at 3 o'clock, and remained fo all night. At
noon I went over the plants, and (lopped them, fet
the fruit in blolTom, and thinned the leaves where
■wanted.

Saturday^ February 2, 1793.

Hours

. S.Th.

P.Th.

Ther.

Wind.

7

31

s.w.

Clear, and a briik wind.

9

88

9S

3S

s.w.

There is a rainbow in the

wd.
Sunihine, and a brifk

10

80

95

3^

s.w.

II

75

93

38

s.w.

Showers of rain. [wind.

12

74

92

41

s.w.

Squally Ihowers.

2

70

91

43

s w.

Ditto.

4

63

90

42

s.w.

Showery and windy.

6

—

42

s.w.

High wind and fhowers.

10

~

—

42

s.w.

Ditto.

The frames were uncovered at 9 o'clock in the
K 2 morning,

14^ MANAGEMENT OF THE

morning, and covered up in the evening with about
three inches thick of hay and mats. Air was
given in the day-time, and a little left at each light
during the night. To-day the linings were watered.

Sunday, February 3 , 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. WLnd.

7 — — 38 S.W. Clear, and a brilk gale

9 ^9 88 40 S.W. Ditto. [of wind.

lo 68 87 43 S.W. Scattered clouds, windy.

ir 6^ 87 44 S.W. Showery and windy.

' 7^ 87 45 S.W. Windy, and flying clouds.

4 57 86 39 S.W. Ditto.

The frames were uncovered about 9 o'clock In the
morning, and covered up in the evening as ufual#
Air was continued day and night.

Monday y February 4, 1793*

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

S.W. Clouds here and there.

S.W. Cloudv, and a brifli wind,

S.W. Ditto.'

S.W. Suniliine.

S.W. The fun fliines faintly.

S.VvT. Ditto.

S.W. Clouds here and there.

S.W. Clear, and nearly calm.

The frames were uncovered at 9 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up between 4 and 5 in
die evening with about three Inches thick of hay
aad mats. Air was given in the day-time, and sl

little

7

—

—

34

9

76

88

37

10

70

87

38

12

70

87

42

I

80

87

42

1

78

88

4f

4

70

88

39

8

—

—

33

CUCUMBER PLANTS. I49

little left all night at each light. I went over the
plants and flopped them, thinned their leaves, and
fet the fruit that v^^ere in bloflbm. The mould on
the flues was got quite dry, therefore I had it taken
clT, and the flues fwept with a hair hand-broom :
This being done, I took water warmed to about y^
degrees, and poured plenty of it on the flues, and
againfl: the fides of the frames all round at)out. Hav-
ing thus done, I fhut the lights clofe down for about
twenty minutes, and then gave air.

Tue/dayy February 5, 1793.

Hours.

S.Th.

P.Th. Thcr. Wind.

6

...

— 3[ S. Calm, and but few cloudsk.

9

80

89 33 S. Ditto.

10

77

89 36 S.E. Foggy, clouds.

12

73

88 39 S. E. The iun glimmers.

2

80

89 40 N Sunfhine.

4

73

89 38 N.W. Clouds here and there.

8

— 30 N.E. Ditto.

The frames were uncovered about 9 o'clock, and
covered up between 4 and 5 in the evening with about
three inches thick of hay and mats. About 4 o'clock
I took water 80 degrees warm, and therewith I wa-
tered the fides of the hills all round, and then gave
each hill of plants a fmall pot full of water all over
their leaves \ alfo I fprinkled the flues, and fides of
the frames. The plants were flopped, their leaves
thinned, and the fruit in bloffom fet.

K 3 Wednefday^

6

—

—

33

9

82

89

3^

lO

74

89

42

12

8j

89

45

I

82

89

45

3

7^

89

43

4

72

89

41

IP

—

—

37

150 MANAGEMENT OF THE

Wcdne/day, February 6, 179 J.

Hburs. S.Th P.Th. Tber. Wind.

S.W, It rains lightly.
S.W. Ditto.

W. The fun fhines faintly.
N.W. Ditto.

N.W. High foggy clouds.
N.W. Cloudy, and a brifk wind,
N.W. Ditto.
N.W, It has rained iince 7 o'el.

The frames were uncovered about 9 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with about
four inches thick of hay and mats. I went over the
plants, and flopped them, thinned their leaves, fet
the fruit in blolTom, and picked out the weeds and
the dead bloffoms. Air was given the greateft part
of the day, and a little left all night. The north fide
lining was raifed with frefti dung,

Tbur/day, February 7, 1793*

Cloudy ; there had been
much rain in the night,
and the earth is cover-
ed with fnow.

Clear in the north-wef^.
N.W, Cloudy in the eaft.

Sunfhine.

The fnow is nearly gone*

Sunfhine.

Scattered clouds.

Ditto.

Clouds here and there.

The frames were uncovered at 9 o'clock, and co-
vered

lours.

S.Th.

P.Th.

Ther.

wind.

6

""^

''"^

31

W.

8

32

w.

9

80

89

31

N.W,

10

77

89

33

N.W\

12

«5

89

38

N.W..

I

87

89

38

N.W.

2

86

90

38

N.W\

4

75

-0

-6

N.W.

10

33

N.W.

CUCUMBER PLANTS. I5I

vered up at half pad 4 in the evening with about
three inches thick of hay and mats. At 3 o'clock I
took water 85 degrees w^arm, and watered well
therewith the outfides of the hills all round, and
poured fome on the flues. A little air was then
given, and let remain all night.

To-day the fouth fide lining was turned over, and
w^ell fhaken, and made up again, and fome frelh dung
laid on the top of it.

Friday^ February %^ I793«

Wind.

S.W. Cloudy, and a brifk wind.

S.W. Cloudy and windy.

S W. Windy, and it rains.

S.W. It rains hard.

S.W. Fair ; the fun appears.

S.W. C^.loudy and windy.

S.W. Ditto.

The frames were uncovered at 9 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with about
four inches thick of hay and mats. I went over the
plants,, and fet the fruit in bloflbm. But little air
w^as given in the day-time, and the lights were fhut
down in the evening for the night.

lours.

S.Th.

P.Th.

Ther.

6

_

32

9

•72

87

36

10

68

86

40

12

67

84

43

I

62

82

38

4

66

82

42

7

—

—

40

K 4 Salurdaf

6

—

—

34

W.

9

73

81

38

w.

lO

70

81

40

w.

12

70

81

45

w.

2

74

81

46

s w,

4

68

81

45

s.

lo

—

—

40

s.

152 MANAGEMENT OF TH2

Saturday y February 9, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

Thin clouds cover the ficy..

Cloudy, and but little

Ditto. ["wind.

The fun glimpfes.

Ditto.

Cloudy.

Ditto.'

The frames were uncovered at 9 o'clock, and co-
vered up in the evening with about four inches
thick of hay and mats. I went over the plants
and flopped them, thinned their leaves, and fet the
fruit in blofTom. About 4 o'clock I took water
about 78 degrees warm, and watered the fides of
the hills, and poured fome on the flues. Air was
given in the day-time, and a little left all night at
each light,

Sunday^ February 10, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

W. Clear, and a flrong gale of
W. Ditto. [wind.

W. Windy, and flying cloudft
W. High wind, and fome clouds J
W. Ditto.

W. A fliower of dry hail.
W. Highwind,andfome clouds.
W. Ditto.

The frames were uncovered about 9 o'clock in the

morning, and covered up in the evening with hay and

mats. Air was given till i o'clock, when the lights

were clofe ihut down for the night.

Monday i

6

—

3^

9

68

80

34

10

69

80

37

11

69

80

38

I

70

80

38

2

72

80

3S

4

6'8

80

36

9

"

33

9

77

«2

0/

lO

77

82

^7

12

8u

S3

3«

2

78

84

38

4

7^

^3

-77

9

—

36

(CUCUMBER PLANTS. 155

Monday, February u, i793«

J^Jours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6 — — j4 N,W. Clear, and a high wind;

the wind was very high
in the night.

N.W. Sunfliine., windy,

N.W. Ditto.

N.W Ditto.

N.W. Scattered clouds.

N.W. Ditto, [of wind*

N.W. Cloudy, and a briik gale

The frames ucre uncovered about 9 o'clock, and
covered up between 4 and 5 in the evening with about
four inches thick of hay and mats. In the forenoon
I went over the plants, and flopped them, thinned
their leaves, and fet the fruit in bloffom. Air was
given in the day-time, and the lights were fhut clofe
down all night. A little earth was laid all round the
outfides of each hill to cover the roots of the plants,
which were come through the hills very thick.

Tuefday^ February 12, 1793.'

riours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Whid.

6

— -

—

3S

W.

Cloudy, and abrillv wind*

9

70

82

41

W.

Ditto.

10

70

82

44

w.

Ditto.

J2

72

82

47

w.

Scattered flying clouds*

2

79

83

47

N.W.

Ditto.

4

70

83

43

N.W.

Cloudy and windy.

7

—

42

W.

Ditto.

The frames were uncovered about 9 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with about

four

154 MANAGEMENT OF THE

four inches thick of hay and mats. The linings,
being funk, were raifed with frefn dung. In the
forenoon, I went over the plants and flopped them,
thinned their leaves, and fet the fruit in bloiiom. At
3 o'clock I took water 80 degrees warm, and gave
the fides of the hills all round a good watering, and
fprinkled fome of it on the flues. But little air was
given in the day-time, and the lights were fliut clofe
down during the night.

Wednefday^ February 13, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.lh. 'Iher. Wind.

6 — — 2>S ^'^^' Cloudy, and but little

wind. [fun.

8 81 85 ^^6 S.W. The (Ivy is red before the

10 73 84 "^9 S.W. It rains very lightly.

12 75 84 48 S.W. ClouJy.

Q. yG 84 50 S.W. Ditto.

4 72 84 ^o S.W. Ditto.

5 68 84 48 S.W. Ditto.

7 _- — 46 S.W. Ditto.

The frames were uncovered at 8 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up about 5 o'clock in the even-
ing with about three inches thick of hay and mats.
In the forenoon I went over the plants, and flopped
them, thinned their leaves, and fet the fruit in blof-
fom, and I nipped ofFfeveral of the fhowing fruit and
male bloffoms where they were too thick. I poured
water on the flues and fides of the frames all round ;
the water was about 78 degrees warm. Air was
given in the day- time, and a little left at each light all
night.

Tburfdayi

CUCUMBER PLANTS.

^55

T/jurfday, February 14, 1753.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wmd.

6

—

—

44

S W.

Windy, and a fmall dri-

8

74

84

45

S W.

Ditto. [ving rain.

JO

68

83

44

W.

It rains.

12

66

82

39

N.W.

Ditto.

2

76

83

43

N.W.

Sunfiiine.

4

70

83

41

W.

Clouds here and there.

7

35

w.

Clear, and nearly calm.

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with three
inches thick of hay and mats. The lights were fhut
down at 1 1 o'clock, and remained fo till about
I o'clock, when a little air was given and continued
all night. I went over the plants and flopped them,
thinned their leaves, and fet the fruit in bloflbm,
and picked off feveral of the fhowing and fet fruit
where they were too thick.

Friday, Febrm'j 15, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wbd.

6

—

—

34

S.W.

It rains.

8

72

83

36

s.w.

Ditto.

10

68

82

3^

S.W.

Ditto.

12

72

83

39

s.w.

Fair, gloomy.

2

70

82

40

s.w.

Thick moid air,

4

68

82

39

s.w.

It rains gently.

5

^7

82

38

s.w.

Fair, gloomy.

7

—

3^

s.w.

Ditto.

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up at 5 in the evening with
three inches thick of hay and mats.

I looked

6

—

—

30

9

79

85

31

lO

75

85

34

12

77

84

37

2

8o

84

38

4

75

84

Zl

5

71

86

36

156 MANAGEMENT OF THE

I looked over the plants, and flopped them, thin-
ned their leaves, and fet the fruits in bloiTom. But
little air was given in the day-time, and the lights
were fhat down all night. The linings were railed
with dung jufl taken out of the ilables.

Saturday^ February 16, iJ^Z'

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. V/ind.

N. E. Cloudy in the horizon.

N.E. Cloudy.

N. E. The fun fhines faintly,

N.E. Ditto.

N.E. Ditto.

N.E. Cloudy, and but little

N.E. Ditto. [wind.

The frames were uncovered at 9 o^clock, and
covered up in the evening with about four inches
thick of hay and mats. In the forenoon I went
over the plants, and flopped them, thinned their
leaves, fet the fruit in blofTom, and picked out
of the mould fome weeds. Air was admitted ia
the day-time, and the lights fhut down all night,

Sunday^ Feb r nary 17, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6 — — 29 N.E. Foggy, nearly calm.

9 82 86 31 N.E. Dirto.

^^ 7^ ^5 21 N- E Foggy clouds.

^ 75 ^5 Z9 N.E. Cloudy, gloomy.

4 70 85 J7 N.E. Ditto.

The frames w^ere uncovered about 9 o'clock In the
morning, and covered up in the evening with about

three

CUCUMBER PLANTS. . I57

three inches thick of hay and mats. But little air
was given in the day-time, and lefs during the night.

Monday^ February iS, J 793-

Hours. S.Th.

P.Th,

Ther.

Wind.

6 —

__

34

S.W. Thin clouds, and a briili

8 8o

86

3S

S.W. Cloudy. [wind.

lo 74

85

37

S.W. Ditto.

12 70

84

42

S.W. It rainrS lightly.

2 68

84

43

S.W. Ditto.

4 70

83

41

W. Cloudy.

5 —

40

N. E. Ditto,

The frames were uncovered between 8 and 9
o'clock in the morning, and covered up a little pail
4 with about three inches thick of hay and mats.
About two o'clock I poured plenty of water on the
Hues all round the plants, and thofe parts of the fides
of the hiils that v/ere getting dry I watered plentifully.
The water that I ufed was about 80 degrees warm.

After watering, the lights were fhut down for
about an hour, and then a little air was given at each
light, and continued all night. The plants were
looked over and flopped, their leaves thinned, and
the fruit in blofTom fet.

'Tuefday^

138 IVfANAGfiMENT OF TrfE

Tiiefday^ February 19, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6 — — 26 S.W. Clear, and but little wind.

8 79 85 28 S.W. Ditto.

10 80 85 3^; S.W. Sunfhine.

12 85 86 38 S.W. Ditto.

2 84 86 39 S.W. Ditto,

4 77 86 39 S.W. Ditto.

5 yS 86 38 S.W. Clear, and near calm.

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up at 5 in the evening with
about three inches thick of hay and mats.

In the forenoon I went over the plants and flop-
ped them, thinned their leaves, and fet the fruit in
blofTom. Air was given plentifully in the day-time,
and a little all night.

Wednefday^ February 20, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6

....

_

27

N.W. Clear, and nearly calm,

8

79

85

26

N.W. Ditto.

9

75

85

29

N W. Sunfhine.

II

87

86

35

N.W. Ditto.

12

87

87

39

N.W. Ditto.

2

90

88

41

N.W. Ditto.

3

90

89

42

S.W. Scattered clouds.

4

84

89

40

S. W. Ditto.

The frames were uncovered at 9 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with about
two inches thick of hay and mats. Air was given
in the day-rime, and a little left at each light all
night. The plants were gone over and flopped,
their leaves thinned, and the fruit in blofTom fet.

Thurfday,

CUCUMBER PLANTS. 159

Thurfday^

, February 21^ ^793«

Hours.

, S.Th.

P.Th.

Ther.

Wind.

6

—

31

S. E. White froft, fome clouds,
but little wind.

8

80

85

32

S.W. Clear, and a brilk wind.

10

8f

85

34

S.W. Sunfhine, and abrifk gale

12

85

85

37

S.W. Ditto. [of wind.

2

86

86

39

S.W. Ditto.

4

8q

86

40

S.W. Ditto.

8

—

—

32

S.W. Clear, and nearly calm.

The frames were uncovered at 8 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with about
three inches thick of hay and mats. Plenty of air
was admitted in the day-time, and a little left all
night. I went over the plants in the forenoon, and
flopped them, thinned their leaves, and fet the fruit
in blolTom.

Friday, February 22, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6 — — 25 S.V/. Clear, and nearly calm.

8

IS

83

26

S.W.

Ditto.

10

82

83

29

S.W.

Sunfliine,

12

90

85

38

S.W.

Ditto.

2

88

85

40

S.W.

Ditto.

4

80

85

39

S.W.

Ditto.

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock In the
morning, and covered up in the evening with about
three inches thick of hay and mats. The plants
were gone over and flopped, their leaves thinned,
and the fruit in bloffom fet. At noon I watered all
round the fides of the hills next to the flues, and then

I laid

t&a MANAGEMENT Of THE

I laid fome mould on the flues between each hillj^
and alfo a little round the fidies of the hills to cover
the roots of the plants. The linings, being funk^
were raifed with hot dung.

Saturday^ February 23, 1793.

Eours

i.S.Th.

P.Th.

Ther.

wind.

6

-— .

41

s.w.

Thin clouds, and a bnfl<

8

r^

86

42

s.w.

Ditto. [wind*

10

7S

85

47

s.w.

Ditto.

11

83

86

50

s.w.

The fun fliines faintly*

12

84

86

50

s w.

Ditto.

2

80

86

49

s,w.

Cloudy.

4

70

85

47

s.w.

It iains a little.

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with about
two inches thick of hay and mats. Air was given in
the day-time, but the lights were fhut down all the
night.

Sunday^ February 24, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

S.W. Thin clouds, nearly calm.

S.W. Ditto.

S.W. Ditto.

S.W. Cloudy, and nearly calm.

S.W, The fun glimmers.

S.W. Ditto.

S.W. Cloudy, gloomy.

S.W. Ditto,

S.W. Cloudy, and nearly calm.

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock in

the morning, and covered up in the evening with

I about

6

—

— -

44

8

78

85

50

10

79

85

50

II

82

86

52

I

83

86

SS

2

82

86

54

4

80

86

49

5

76

85

48

8

— .

46

Hours

. S.Th.

P.Th.

Th

6

— ,

_._

44

8

78

86

47

,io

75

86

47

12

68

«5

48

1

70

R5

48

4

68

84

45

CUCLTxMBER PLANTS. l^l

about two inches thick of hay and mats. There was'
but little air admitted in the day-time, andlefs in the
night. In the forenoon I went over the plants, and
flopped them, thinned their leaves, and fet the fruit
in bloom. The linings were examined, and put
clofe to the bed, and then a layer of frefh dung laid
on the top of them.

Monday^ February 25, 1793.

Wind.

S.W. Cloudy, and a briik wind.

S.W. Ditto.

S.V7. Ditto. '

S;W. Ditto.

S.Vv^ Cloudy and windy,

S.W. Ditto.

The frames were uncovered about half paft 8 o'clock
in the morning, and covered up in the evening with
about four inches thick of hay and mats. In the
forenoon I went over the plants, and flopped them,
thinned their leaves, fet the fruit that were in bloom,
and where I found them too thick, I nipped off feve-
ral fhowing fruit.

About 3 o'clock in the afternoon I got water about
85 degrees warm, and therewith T watered well the
fides of the hills all round about, and I poured fome
on every part of the flues. I ufed about a hogfhead
of water, and when the watering was finifhed, I had
the lights fhut down clofe till about 8 o'clock at
night, when a little air was admitted at every light.

Tuefday^

6

—

—

37

8

76

84

39

lO

79

84

41

12

80

84

44

2

80

85

47

4

79

85

47

162 ^ MANAGEMENT OF TH2

Tue/day^ February 26, 1793.

Heurs. S.Th. P-Th. Thcr. Wind.

N. W. Windy, and fome clouc!*..
N.W. Clear, and windy.
N.W. Ditto.
N.W. Sunftiine, windy.

W. Ditto.

W. The wind is fallen.

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock in ther
morning, and covered up in the evening with about
four inches thick of hay and mats. Air was given
in the day-time, but the lights were iliut clofe down
all nighto The plants were gone over, and ftoppedj^
their leaves thinned., and the fruit in bloflbim fet.

fVednefday^ February 27, 1793.

Heurs. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

S.W. Cloudy, and a brifkwindo

S.W. Ditto.

S.W. Cloudy and windy.

S.W. Ditto.

S.W. Ditto.

S.W. Ditto. [calm.

S.W. Clouds in the horizon.

The frames were uncovered at 8 o'clock in the
jnorning, and covered up in the evenmg with about
five inches thick of hay and mats. In the forenoon I
went over the plants, and flopped them, thinned
their leaves, and fet the fruit in bloflbm, and after that
1 took mould, and laid upon all the crofs flues, and
raifed it on them as high as the mould of the hills>
and by preflmg it gently I made it nearly of an equal

firmnefs^^

6

—

—

40

8

80

86

43

10

78

86

45

12

70

85

47

•>

60

84

47

4

58

83

46

8

• —

—

40

CUCUMBER PLANTS. Jt^J

firmnefs with that in which the plants were growing.
I alfo laid fome mould all along the fides of the hills,
leaving a vacancy only of about five inches between
the mould and the fides of the frames on each fide of
the plants. This vacancy is left to let the heat arife
freely from the fide flues, to warm the air in the frames
for the nourifhment and growth of the plants. Like-
wife I laid a little frefli mould among the flems and
flioots of the plants. It was 4 o'clock before T had
done 5 the lights were then fhut down for the night,

Tburfday^ February 28, I793»

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6

—

—

40

S.W.

Cloudy, and but little
wind.

8

78

S5

41

S.W.

A fmall mifly rain falls*

10

70

85

44

S.W.

Ditto.

12

83

85

45

S.W.

Scattered clouds.

2

84

85

45

S.W.

The fun fnines. [calm.

4

80

86

44

S.W.

Scattered clouds, near

5

77

86

40

S.W.

Clouds here and there.

8

—

37

w.

Clear and nearly calm.

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with about
four inches thick of hay and mats. About noon I
went over the plants, and flopped them, thinned
their leaves, and fet the fruit that were in bloflbm.
In feveral parts of the frames the plants were hanging
over the fides of the hills, and down on the flues $
therefore I took bricks, and fet them edgewife on the
flues clofe againfl: the fides of the frames, eight inches
high above the flues. I then took plain tiles eleven
L 2 I inches

164 MANAGEMENT OF THC

inches long, and laid the one end of them on the fald
bricks, and the other reded on the mould of the hills.
This I did only here and there, where the plants had
extended their fhoots beyond the furface of the hills
of mould ; and where more tiles than one were re-
quired near each other, I left vacancies between them
of about two inches, fo that the warmth of the flues
might not be hindered from rifmg freely ; and as I
proceeded I trained out carefully the vines of the
plants on the tiles. The plants are in a vigorous
fruitful (fate, and their leaves broad, fome of them
meafuring nine and ten inches diameter.

Friday^ March i, 1793.

Heurs. S.Th. P.Th. Then Wind.

'6

— .

40

S.W. Flying clouds, windy.

3

83

88

42

S.W. Ditto.

10

74

87

43

S.W. Ditto,

12

66

86

42

S.W. High wind, and a fmall

2

68

86

43

S W. Ditto. [rain.

4

65

85

44-

S.W. Ditto.

5

64

85

44

S.W. Ditto.

The frames v/ere uncovered at 8 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with about
three inches thick of hay and mats. Air was given
in the day-time, and a little left all night at each
light. The plants were gone over, and flopped,
their leaves thinned, and the fruit in blofTom fet. At
5 o'clock in the evening water 80 degrees warm was
poured on the flues, till it flood in pools here and
there.

CUCUMBER PLANTS,

165

Saturday J March 2, 1793^

Hsurs. S.Th. P.Th. Then Wind.

6

—

—

40

8

70

83

42

10

.76

83

45

12

82

84

48

2

75

85

50

4

68

84

49

5

64

83

48

8

_

48

S.W. Windy, and fome clouds.

S.W. Ditto.

S.W. The fun fliines faintly.

S.W. Ditto.

S.W. Cloudy, and windy.

S.W. Ditto.

S.W. Ditto.

S.W. Ditto.

The frames were uncovered between 8 and 9
o'clock in the morning, and covered up at 5 in the
evening with three inches thick of hay and mats. In
the forenoon I went over the plants, and flopped
them, thinned their leaves, and fet the fruit in blof-
fom. Air was given now and then in the day-time,
and a little left all the night at each light.

Sunday^ March ^^ I793-

Hours. S.Th.

P.Th.

Ther.

V/lnd.

6 —

~

IS

w.

Clear, and a high wind ;
the wind was very high
lafl night.

8 62

81

Z1

W.

Clear, and a high wind..

10 74

81

41

w.

Sunfliine, v>/indy.

II 80

82

43

w.

Scattered clouds, windy.

I 82

83

45

w.

Ditto.

4 71

84

42

w.

A fhower of hail.

5 68

84

41

w.

Cloudy, and windy.

9 —

36

w.

Clear, and windy..

The frames were unco^

rered about 8 o'clock in the

morning,

and

. covered

up in the evening with

L 3 three

J 65 MANAGEMENT OF 1HK

three inches thick of hay and mats. Air was given
in the middle of the day, and the lights were (hut
clofe down all night.

Monday y Mat^ch 4^ 1793-

Hours.

S.Th.

P.Th. Thcr.

Wind.

6

— 29

W. Clear, and a bri(k gale of

8

75

84 31

W. Ditto. [wind.

ID

76

84 35

W, Sunfhine.

12

^5

85 4Q

W. Scattered great clouds.

2

82

85 43

W. Ditto,

4

75

85 42

W. A heavy fliower of hail.

5

68

85 4Q

W. Great black clouds.

7

•--

— 35

W. Clear, and near calm.

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with about
four inches thick of hay and mats. In the forenoon
I went over the plants, and flopped them, thinned
their leaves, and fet the fruit in bloom.

At 4 o'clock I took water about 85 degrees warm,
and poured it plentifully on the flues, and then fhut
the lights clofe down. The plants are very vigorous,
and their roots appear thick all over the furface of
the mould, and are matted clofe to the flues, and
where the bare parts of the flues are moifl, there the
roots are run upon them*

Tuffdd'j^

CUCUrvIBER PLANTS. %6j

Tiiefdayy March 5, 1793.

i'iotirs. S.Th. P.Th. Thcr, Wind.

6 — — 30 S. E. Thin clouds, but little

S 7^ ^5 33 S- E- I^itto. [wind.

-10 78 85 ^y S.E. Ditto.

12 85 ^s 43 S. E. Th€ fun (hines faintly.

2 82 86 45 S.E. Ditto.

4 80 86 44 S.E. Cloudy, and a brifk wind*

5 78 86 43 S.E. Ditto.
^ — — 40 S.E. Ditto,

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up about half paft 5 with
four inches thick of hay and mats. At noon I went
over the plants, and flopped them, thinned their
leaves, fet the fruit in blolfom, and nipped off the
weakeft of the fhowing fruit where they were too
thick. Air w^as given at i o o'clock in the morning,
and continued til! between 3 and 4 in the afternoon,
when I poured fome water on the flues and againft
the fides of the frames, and then fhut the lights down
for the ni^ht.

Wednefdaj^ March 6, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind,

E. Cloudy, and near calnio
E. Ditto,

E. The funglimpfes.
N. E. Scattered clouds.
N. E. Cloudy.

N. E. A fhower of hail at 3 o'cl
N. E. Clouds near the horizon*
N.E. Clear, and abrifk wind.

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock in the
L 4 morning.

Q

—

—

34

8

73

85

37

0

80

85

42

2

88

86

48

2

80

86

47

4

73

86

41

S

69

86

40

7

—

—

35

l63 MANAGEMENT OF THE

morning, and covered up a little pad five with four
inches thick of hay and mats. At noon I went over
the plants, and flopped them, thinned their leaves,
and fet the fruit in bloiTom. Air was given now and
then in the day-time, and a little left at each light
^11 ni^ht.

't>'

Tburfday^ March 7, 1793.

Hours, S.Th. P.Th. Ther. W^ind.

6 — — 31 N. E. Cloudy, and but little

wind.

9 75 ^5 Z5 N. E. Cloudy and gloomy.

10 72 84 39 N. £. Ditto.

12-76 84 45 N, E. The fun glimpfes.

2 80 84 44 N. E. Ditto.

4 y2> ^4 4^ N. E. Cloudy, and a brifk wind.

5 70 84 38 N. E. Ditto.
8 — — 36 N.E. Ditto.

The frames were uncovered about 9 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with about
four inches thick of hay and mats. The plants
were gone over, and flopped, their leaves thinned,
the fruit in bloom fet, and feveral fhowing fruit
nipped off. But little air was given in the day-time,
and at 4 o'clock the lights were fhut clpfe down for
the night.

Friday^

CUCUMBER PLANTS. - 169

Friday^ March 8, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6

.

.'

34

N.E.

Cloudy and cold.

9

72

83

36

N. E.

Scattered clouds.

10

78

83

37

N.E.

Sunfliiue, windy.

12

85

84

39

N.E.

Ditto,

2

84

85

40

N.E.

Ditto.

4

80

85

37

N.E.

Ditto.

5

70

85

35

N.E.

Ditto.

7

30

N.E.

Clear and windy.

The frames were uncovered jaft before 9 o'clock,
^nd covered up in the evening with about 3 inches
thick of hay and mats. In the forenoon I went over
the plants and flopped them, thinned their leaves, and
fet the fruit in blofTom. Air was given at to o'clock,
and continued till between 3 and 4, when it was
taken away for the night.

Saturday-, March 9, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6 — — 30 E. Cloudy and a brilk gale of

9 74 ^3 35 -^' Ditto. [wind.

10 y^ 83 38 E. Scattered clouds.

12 90 85 41 E. Sunfhine,

2 80 85 41 E. Ditto.

4 yj 85 38 E. Ditto.

5 70 85 35 E. Clear, and a brifk wind*

The frames were uncovered about 9 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with about
three inches thick of hay and mats. The plants
were gone over and flopped, their leaves thinned, the
fruit in blo-lTom fet, and the v/eeds picked out of the

mould

J 70 MANAGEMENT OF THE

mould among the plants. Air was continued all
day, and a little left at each light during the night.

Sunday^ March 10, 1793.

Hours. S.Th.

P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6

.— .

— 24 E, Clear and calm.

8

70

82 23 E. Ditto.

lO

72

82 33 E. Sunfhine.

II

77

83 38 E. Ditto.

I

IS

84 40 E. Ditto.

2

74

84 39 E. The air is overcafl.

5

70

84 2S -^^ Cloudy and windy.

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock
in the morning, and covered up in the evening with
hay an4 mats. Air was given in the day-time^ and
fome left all night,

Monday^ March 11, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6 — — 31 E. Cloudy, windy, cold.

8 — — 33 E. Ditto/

10 68 80 34 E. Ditto.

11 6G 80 2>S ^' Ditto.

12 6^ 79 '^6 E. Ditto.
I ()'^ 79 nfi E. Ditto.
^ ^5 79 2S E' I^itto.

4 ^3 79 34 ^' Ditto.

5 ^^ 79 33 E- Ditto.

The frames were uncovered a little before 10
o'clock, and covered up at five in the evening with
about five inches thick of hay and mats : At noon I
went over the plants and flopped them, thinned their
leaves, and fet the fruit in bloiTom. The linings

"vvere^

CUCUMBER PLANTS. 17!

were raifed higher than the mould in the frames with
frefli dung. The lights were kept fhut down as clofe as
poflible all the day, and remained fo during the night,

^ lief day ^ March 12, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Thgr. Wind.

6

—

—

7P

E, Cloudy, windy, and cold.

9

70

79

32

E. Ditto.

10

70

79

21

E. Scattered clouds, windy.

12

80

80

2S

E. Sunfhine, w^indy*

2

87

82

36

E. Ditto.

4

86

82

ZS

E, Ditto.

5

80

82

zz

E. Ditto.

6

—

—

30

E. Clear, the wind fallen.

The frames were uncovered about 9 o'clock in
the morning, and covered up at 5 in the evening
with four inches thick of hay and mats. I went over
the plants and flopped them, thinned their leaves, and
fet thofe fruit that were in bloom. Air was given at
10 o'clock in the morning, and remained till 4 in
the afternoon, when the lights were fhut down for
the night.

Wi

mnefdayy March 1 2^ '^792>*

Kcurs,

, S.Th.

P.Th.

. Ther, Wind.

6

— .

— •

40 S. Cloudy ; there had been rain
in the night.

8

78

82

45 S.W. Cloudy, and a brifk wind.

9

76

82

47 S.W. Ditto.

10

72

82

48 S.W. Ditto.

12

78

82

S:^ S.W. Ditto.

4

78

83

52 S.W. Ditto.

5

72

82

48 S.W. Ditto.

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock in

I the

l*J^ -MANAGEMENT OF THE

the morning, and covered up in the evening with
.-about., four inches thick of hay and mats. Air was
admitted at 9 o'clock, and continued all day,
and a Uttle left all night at each light. In the fore-
noon I went over the plants and flopped them, thinned
their leaves, and fet the fruit in bloflbm.

Thiirfday, March 14, 1793.

riours,

, S.Th.P.Th. '

rher.

Wind.

6

—

39

S. Cloudy and near calm.

8

79

^3

43

S. Ditto.

10

82

83

50

S. The fun glimmers.

II

88

84

S3

S.W. Ditto.

22

S.3

85

5S

S.W. Ditto.

2

88

85

53

S.W. Ditto.

3

88

85

52

S.W. Sunfhine.

4

85

85

50

S.W. Clouds here and there.

7

43

S.W. Clear, and nearly calm.

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock in

the morning, and covered in the evening with about

two inches thick of hay and mats. In the morning

I went over the plants and (lopped them, thinned their

leaves, and fet the fruit in bloffom. Between 1 1

and 12 o'clock I watered the plants with water

eighty-five degrees warm ; in doing which I firft

poured fome of it on the mould next and clofe to

the flues, and then poured it all over the plants

and every part of the frames, out of a watering-pot

with a rofe on its fpout ; I gave them about a hogf-

head of water, and immediately fhut the lights down

for about a quarter of an hour.

Friday^

CUCUMBER PLANTS.

^7^

Friday^ March 15? 1793 •

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind. t

6 — — 29 S.W. Clear and near calm.
8 79 85 35 S.W. Ditto.
10 88 ^6 41 S.W. Sunfhine.
12 89 86 48 W. Ditto.
W. Ditto.

W. The air is overcafl.
W. Cloudy, andbutlittkwind.
W. Ditto.

2 87 87 52

3 77 87 48

4 74 87 47

5 72 86 47

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock in
the morning, and covered up in the evening with
about two inches thick of hay and mats. The plants
were gone over and flopped, their leaves thinned, the
weeds picked out, and the fruit in blofibm fet. Air
was given plentifully in the day-time, and a little
left all night at each light.

Saturday^ March 16, 179

J*

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Thcr. Wind.

6

—

39

8

81

86

44

10

85

86

47

12

85

87

52

3

78

87

48

4

74

86

47

5

70

86

46

S. Thin clouds ; nearly calm.
S. Cloudy, and a brifk wind,
S. Cloudy and windy.

S.W. Ditto.

S.W. Ditto.

S.W. Ditto.

S.W. It begins to

im.

The frames were uncovered about 8 o*clock in
the morning, and covered up in the evening with
two inches thick of hay and mats. When the
frames were uncovered I went over the plants and
flopped them, thinned their leaves, and fet the fruit

that

8

74

83

35

lo

85

83

39

II

85

83

42

I

83

§4

46

c

n

84

45

4

75

84

42

5

—

—

41

174 MANAGEMENT OF TH^

that I found in bloflbm. In the forenoon I poured
water upon the flues on each fide of the plants. Air
was given day and night.

Sunday^ March 17, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Then Wind.

6 — — 29 S.W. Clear ; there had been rain

in the night.
S. Clouds here and there.
S. Sunfhine.
S. E. Scattered clouds.
S. E. Ditto.

S. E. Cloudy, and a brifk wind.
S. E. It looks rainy.
S. E. It rains.

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock in
the morning, and covered up in the evening with
about three inches thick of hay and mats. Plenty of
air was admitted in the day-time, but the lights were
Ihut clofe down all night.

Mofidaji March 18, 1 793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Then Wind.

6 — — 40 S.E. Cloudy; there had been a

good deal of rain in the
night.
8 75 82 44 S.E. Scattered clouds.
lo 80 82 48 S.E. The fun glimpfes.
12 80 83 ^i S. Sunfhine.

1 89 84 51 S.W. Ditto.

2 78 84 s"^ S.W. Cloudy.

4 72 84 47 S.W. It rains.

5 70 83 40 W. Ditto.

3 — — 30 N. W. Cloudy, and a brifk wind.

The frames were uncovered at 8 o'clock in the

morning,

"CUCUMBER PLANTS* 1751

morning, and covered up in the evening with about
three inches thick of hay and mats. In the forenoon
I went over the plants and (topped them, thinned
their leaves, and fet the fruit in blolTom. Air was
admitted from 10 o'clock in the morning till 4 in the
afternoon, when the lights were fhut down for the
night.

Tuefday,

, Mai\

cb 19, 1793.

lours.

S.Th.

P.Th.

, Ther.

Wind.

6

i....

—^

34

S.W.

Cloudy, and near calm.

8

72

83

37

S.W.

Ditto.

10

n

82

39

S.W.

Ditto.

22

70

82

45

S.W.

Ditto.

a

7Q

82

49

W.

Scattered clouds.

4

82

83

48

w.

Sunfhine,

5

80

83

46

w.

Ditto.

8

—

36

w.

Clear, and nearly calm,

The frames were uncovered at 8 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with about
four inches thick of hay and mats. At 10 o'clock
I went over the plants and flopped them, thinned their
leaves, and fet the fruit in bloflbm.

To-day I had the north-fide lining renewed, in
doing which tlie unexhaufted dung of it was laid
afide, and the rotten exhaufted part of it wheeled
away, leaving about nine or ten inches of the found-
ation unremoved, and which I had loofened up with
the dung-forks, and then the unexhaufted dung that
was laid a fide was well fhaken and laid upon it, mak-
ing the lining of an equal height therewith ; when
that was done, the lining was finifhed with new dung,

and

176 MANAGEMENT OF THE

and It was ralfed higher up the fides of the frames
than the mould in the infide of them.

Wednefday^ March 20, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. 7 her. Wind.

6

—

—

Z9

S.W. C]oudy,andbutllttle\vind*

B

70

80

44

S.W. Ditto.

lo

76

80

48

S.W. The fun glimmers.

12

IS

81

5^

S.W. Ditto.

2

n

8r

57

S.W. Cloudy.

4

75

81

53

S.W. Ditto.

5

72

81

50

S.W. Gloomy.

7

—

46

S.W. Cloudy, and nearly calm.

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with about
two inches thick of hay and mats. Air was given at
lo o'clock, and continued till 5 in the evening;
when It was taken away for the night. The plants
were flopped, their leaves thinned, and the fruit in
bloffom fet.

Thurfday^ March 21, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

5 — — ^o S.W. It rains lightly.

8 "jG 82 46 S.W. Cloudy and gloomy,

10 72 82 48 S.W. It rains gently.

12 74 82 51 S.W. Ditto.

2 74 82 50 S.W. Ditto.

5 72 82 47 S.W. Cloudy, and nearly calm.

8 — — 39 S.W. Clear and calm.

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with about
two inches thick of hay and mats. I went over the
plants and flopped them, thinned their leaves, and fet

the

CUCUMBER PLANTS^ I77

the fruit that I found in bloom. The north-fide
lining being funk, was raifed with new dung.

Friday^ March 22, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6 — — 38 S. Cloudy, red before fun-rifing,
8 "j^ 83 42 S. Cloudy, and a brilk wind.

10

74

«3

44

b. It rams.

11

IS

83

46

S. Ditto.

12

70

H

46

S. Ditto.

1

6^

H

45

S. Ditto. ■

3

67

83

44

S. Fair, cloudy.

4

69

83

44

S. Showery.

8

42

S. Ditto.

The frames were uncovered at 8 o'clock in
the morning, and covered up in the evening with
about three inches thick of hay and mats. The plants
were gone over and (topped, their leaves thinned, and
the fruit in blolTom fet. Air was not admitted till
II o'clock. At 4 o'clock in the afternoon I
poured cold water on the flues, and then fhut the
lights clofe down for the night,

Saturday^ March 23, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6

_.

_

31

W. Clear, and a brifk wind,

8

79

84

34

W. Ditto.

10

82

84

48

W. Sunfhine.

12

88

85

51

S.W. Dhto.

2

86

85

5^

S. Ditto.

4

78

86

46

S. Ditto.

6

—

37

S, Clouds here and there.

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock in the
M morning,

l^S MANAGEMENT OF THE

morning, and covered' up at 5 in the evening with
about three inches thick of hay and mats. In the
forenoon I went over the plants and ftppped thenr,
thinned their leaves, and fee the fruit in bloffom. Air
was given at 10 o'clock in the morning, and conti-
nued all day, and a little left at each light all night.

Sunday^ March 24, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Then Wind.

6 — *— 30 E. Clear, and a brilk gale of

wind.
Scattered clouds, windy.
10 70 83 37 N. E. Cloudy and windy.

70

83

35

N.E,

70

83

37

N.E,

63

82

38

N.E,

65

82

38

N.E

62

82

37

N.E

It rains lightly.
Ditto.

N. E. Cloudy and windy.

The frames were uncovered between 8 and 9 o'clock
in the morning, and covered up about 5 in the even-
ing with about four inches thick of hay and mats.

Monday^ March 25, I793»

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6

—

— -

34

N. E. It is a cold wet morning,

9

70

82

37

N.E. Ditto.

10

6%

82

40

N. E. Fair, cloudy, windy.

12

74

%2

42

N.E. Ditto.

2

70

82

41

N.E. Ditto.

4

68

82

39

N.E. Ditto.

8

—

-—

36

N.E. Ditto.

The frames were uncovered at 9 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with about
four inches thick of hay and mats. I went over the
plants ^nd flopped them, thinned their leaves, and fet

the

CUCUMBER PLANTS. Ijg

the fruit in bloflbm. The linings being funk, were

raifed with new dung. But little air was given ia

the day-time, and the lights were fliut clofe down all

night.

Tuefday^ March 26, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6 — — 30 N. E. Rainy and windy*

y — — 30 N. E. A heavy fall of wet fnow,

10 74 83 34 N.E. Windy, cold, and rainy.

12 6y 82 35 N. E. Cloudy, windy, cold.

1 63 82 35 N.E. Ditto.

2 64 81 35 N.E. Ditto.
4 65 81 35 N.E. Ditto.

8 — — 33 N. E. Clear, and windy.

The frames were uncovered a little before i o o'clock
in the morning, and covered up at 5 in the afternoon
with about five inches thick of hay and mats. Air was
admitted for two hours in the middle of the day, and
the lights were kept clofe (hut down all night.

Wednefday, March 27, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

N. E. Cloudy, cold, and windy.
Ditto.
Ditto.
Ditto.

The fun glimpfes*
The wind is fallen.
— — 31 N.E. Cloudy, and a brifk Wind*

The frames were uncovered at 9 o'clock in the

morning, and covered up in the evening with about

five inches thick of hay and mats. At noon I went

over the plants and flopped them, thinned their leaves,

M 2 and

6

—

— .

30

N.E.

9

72

83

33

N.E.

10

70

83

35

N.E,

12

70

R3

38

N.E,

•2

80

83

38

N.E,

4

74

84

36

N.E

8

—

31

N.E

|80 MANAGEMENT OF Ti^E

and fet the fruit in bloflbm. But little air was given
in the day-time, and the lights were fhut clofe down
all night.

Thurfday, March aS, 1793.

Hours.

S.Th.

P.Th.

Ther. Wind.

6

"

■

29 N. E. The earth is covered with
fnow, and fnow con-
tinues to fall.

8

76

84

32 N. E. Sunfhine, near calm.

9

78

84

2,2, N. E. Scattered clouds.

10

81

85

38 N.E. Ditto.

12

81

85

40 N. E. Cloudy, and a little fnow

2

87

86

39 N.E. Sunfhine. [falls.

3

87

86

38 N.E. Ditto.

4

84

87

2,6 N.E. Ditto.

9

—

24 N. E. Clear and calm.

lO

—

—

23 N.E. Ditto.

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock !n the
morning, and covered up a little before 6 in the
evening with about five inches thick of hay and
mats. Air was admitted at lo o'clock in the morn-
ing, and taken away at 5 o'clock in the afternoon*
The linings were raifed with dung frefh from the
ftables. In the forenoon the plants were gone over
and flopped, their leaves thinned, the weeds picked
out, and the fruit in bloffom were fet.

Friday,

CUCUMBER PLANTS.' iSl

E

riday^

, March 29, 1793.

Hours

. S.Th.

P.Th.

Ther.

Wind,

6

...

— i

26

N.E. Cloudy.

9

8o

B7

37

N. E. The fun glimmers.

lO

87

87

40

N.E. Ditto.

12

88

88

43

E. Sunfliine.

2

84

89

44

E. Ditto.

4

80

89

42

E. Clouds here and there.

8

—

29

E. Clear and calm.

lo

— __

—

25

E. Ditto.

The frames were uncovered about 9 nine o'clock
in the morning, and covered up in the evening with
about four inches thick of hay and mats. About
noon i went over the plants and (topped them^ thinned
their leaves, and fet the fruit that I found in bloom :
I then took water eighty degrees warm, and poured
plenty of it on the flues, and on the mould next to
the flues.

Saturday^ March 30, 1793.

Hours,

.S.Th.

P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6

— 23 N. E. Clear and nearly calm

8

80

87 28 N.E. Ditto.

9

82

87 32 N.E. Sunfliine*

10

90

88 2>S N.E. Ditto.

II

87

89 39 N.E. Ditto.

12

86

90 42 N.E. Ditto.

I

90

90 43 N. E. Ditto.

2

87

90 44 N.E. Ditto.

4

19

90 45 N. E. Scattered clouds.

5

82

90 42 N.E. Ditto.

The frames were uncovered at 8 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with about

M 3 four

iSz MANAGEMENT. OF THE

four inches thick of hay and mats. As foon as the
frames were uncovered, I went over the plants and
flopped them, thinned their leaves, and fet the fruit
in bloflbm. Air was given all day, but the lights
were ihut down all night.

Sunday y March 31, 1793.

Wind.

N. E. Clear and calm.

N. E, Ditto.

N.E. Sunfhine.

N. E. The fun fhines faintly.

N.W. Sunfhine.

N.W. Some clouds, but little

wind.
N.W. Ditto, and the fky looks

W. Ditto. [frofty.

W. Cloudy.

The frames were uncovered at 8 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with about
three inches thick of hay and mats. Air was ad*
mitted plentifully in the day-time, and a little left all
jiight at each light.

Hours

. S.Th.

P.Th.

Ther.

6

25

8

82

89

30

10

90

90

37

I

87

9'

42

2

03

92

44

4

78

92

42

5

82

92

38

6

—

36

10

—

— —

34

Monday y April I y ^793«

Hours.

S.Th.

P.Th.

Ther.

Wind.

6

....

—

34

S.

It fnows.

9

78

90

36

• s.

Snow continues to faU,

10

74

90

37

S.E.

Sleety, fnow falls.

12

68

89

37

S.E.

It rains.

a

68

83

2,7

S.E.

Dhto.

3

66

87

37

S.E.

Ditto.

4

65

87

37

S.E.

Ditto.

6

36

S.E.

Gloomy, and a thickmoift
atmofphere.

The frames

were

uncovered about 9 o'clock in the

mornmgj

CUCUMBER PLANTS. iSj

corning, and covered up about 5 in the evening
with about five inches thick of hay and mats. About
noon I went over the plants and flopped them, and
fet the fruit that I found in bloffom. The lights
were kept fhut down as clofe as poflible all day, and
remained fo all night. The north-fide lining was
raifed with frelh dung.

Tuefday, April 2^ 1793.

HTours

. S.Th.

P.Th.

Ther.

Wind.

6

"""^

'

31

W. The earth is covered with
fnow, and fnow conti«
nues falling.

7

— .

—

32

W. A heavy fall of wet fnow.

9

^^

...

34

N,W. It rains.

10

75

87

37

N.W. Fair and cloudy.

12

n

87

39

N.W. Ditto.

2

68

86

38

W. Cloudy, and a brifk wind.

4

67

86

2,1

W. Ditto.

5

66

85

37

W. Ditto.

8

—

36

W, Cloudy and dark.

The frames were uncovered a little before 10
o'clock in the inorning, and covered up in the even-
ing with about five inches thick of hay and mats.
The plants were gone over and flopped, their leaves
thinned, and the fruit in blolTom fet. A little air was
admitted in the middle of the day, but the lights
vere fhut clofe down all night.

M 4 Wednefday^

,184 MANAGEMENT OF THE

Wednefday^ April 't^^ ^793'

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther, ^Vind.

6

— —

»^

29

W.

Clear, and but little wind,

8

78'

86

34

s.w.

Sunfhine.

10

82

86

40

s.w.

Ditto.

II

83

86

47

s.w.

Scattered clouds.

12

76

87

49

sw.

Ditto.

I

77

88

49

s,w.

Ditto.

3

8i

88

48

s.w.

Ditto.

5

82

88

42

s.w.

Clouds here and there.

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up at 5 in the afternoon with
about four inches thick of hay and mats. In the
morning I went over the plants and flopped them,
thinned their leaves, and fet the fruit in bloflbm.
Air was admitted plentifully in the day-time, but the
lights were Haut clofe down all night,

Thurfday^ April ^^ I793«

V/ind.

N. E. Thin clouds, near calm,
N.E. Ditto.

N. E. Ihe fun glimmers.
N. E. Ditto.
N.E. Scattered clouds.
N. E. Ditto.

N.W. The fun looks very red,
and the fky frofty.
^ — _ 29 N.E. The liars appear faintly,

nearly calm.

The frames were uncovered a little pafl 8 in the

morning, and covered up at 5 in the evening with near

I four

Hours.

S.Th.

P.Th.

Thcr

6

33

8

82

89

38

10

88

90

48

12

84

90

50

2

82

90

52

4

80

90

48

6

—

—

44

CUCUMBER PLANTS, T85

four inches thick of hay and mats. Air was given at
9 o'clock in the tnorning, and continued till about
4 in the afternoon, when the lights were fhut down
for the night. About noon the plants were gone
over and (topped, their leaves thinned, and the fruit
in bloifom fet. When that was done I gave the
plants a hearty watering with water about 82 degrees
warm ; mod water was given to the mould next to
the flues, and fome was poured on the flues.

Friday^ April s-, ^793-

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6 — — 36 N. E. Cloudy,andbutlittlewind.

8 83 90 44 N. E. Sunihine.
10 88 91 46 N.E. Ditto.

12 88 92 50 N.E. Ditto.

1 91 92 5 J N.E. Ditto.

2 ^9 92 53 N.E. Ditto.

3 86 93 54 N.E. Ditto.

4 82 91 52 N.E. Ditto.

9 — „ 38 N. E. Clear, and nearly calm.:

The frames were uncovered at 8 o'clock in the morn-
jng, and covered up between 5 and 6 in the afternoon
with about four inches thick of hay and mats. In the
morning the plants were gone over and flopped,
their leaves thinned, the weeds picked out, and the
fruit in bloom fet. Air was given about 9 o'clock
in the morning, and taken away about 4 in the
afternoon.

Saturday^

lS6 MANAGEMENT OF THE

Saturday^ ' April 6^ J 7 9 3 •

Hours. S.Th.

P.Th, Ther. Wind.

6

—

— 'i^^ N.E. Foggy.

9

82

91 40 N.E. Ditto.

lO

87

92 45 N.E. The fun glimmers.

II

90

92 46 N.E. Ditto.

12

87

92 47 N.E. Sunihine«

1

90

92 52 E. Ditto.

4

80

92 50 E. Ditto.

9

—

— Q^$ E. Clear, and near calm.

The frames were uncovered about 9 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with about
three inches thick of hay and mats. In the morning
I went over tbe plants and flopped them, thinned
their leaves, and fet the fruit in bloflbm. Air was
admitted at 9 o'clock in the morning, and continued
all day, and a little left all night at every light,

Sunday^ April "j^ 17 g^*

tHours.S,Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

5 — — 30 E* Clear, and a brifk wind.

S 79 89 ^g E. Ditto.

10 92 90 48 E. Bright funfhine.

I 87 92 50 E. Ditto.

3 84 92 49 E. Ditto.

4 80 92 47 E. Ditto.

>r ,— , — 39 E. Clear, and a brifk wind*

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock in

the morning, and covered at 5 in the evening with

three inches thick of hay and mats. Plenty of air

was given in the day-time, and a little was left during

the night.

Monday^

6

—

—

30

8

78

89

39

lO

82

89

43

12

80

89

48

2

80

90

46

5

78

89

43

8

■--•

—

32

CUCUMBSR fLANTS, 187

Monday^ April 2^^ ^793'

Hours. S.Th, P.Th. Thcr. "Wind.

E. Clear, the froft white.

E. Sunfhine, and a brilk gale

E. Ditto. [of wind,

E. Ditto.

E. Ditto.

E. Ditto. wind.

E. Clear, and a brifk gale of

The frames were uncovered at 8 o'clock in the morn-
ing, and covered up in the evening about 6 o'clock
with three inches thick of hay and mats. In the day-
time air was admitted plentifully, and a little left all
night at each light. In the morning I went over the
plants and flopped them, thinned their leaves, and
fet the fruit in bloom. At noon the flues were floated
with water about 80 degrees warm, and the mould
near the flues was watered.

Tuefday^ April ^^ I793«

Hours. S.lh. P,Th. Ther. Wind.

6 — — 28 E. Clear, and a brifk wind.

S 79 ^^ 3^ "^* Sunihine, windy.

10 85 89 42 E. Ditto.

12 87 90 48 E. Scattered clouds, windy.

2 88 91 47 E. Ditto.

4 85 91 42 E. Ditto.

The frames were uncovered at 8 o'clock in the
morning, and covered at 5 in the evening with
about three inches thick of hay and mats. The
plants were gone over and flopped, their leaves

thinned.

2 8^ MAN AGE Mi NT OF THE'

thinned, the fruit In bloom fet^ and the weeds pick*
ed out. Air^ was admitted plentifully from 9 in the
morning till 4 in the afternoon, when the lights were
fliut down for the night.

To-day at noon I held the thermometer in the
water in the pond, and it flood at 46, and when held
in the water in the fpring, it flood at 45 j and a
thermometer, with its bulb fix inches deep in
the earth on a north wall border, flood at 39.

JVednefday^ Jpril 10, 1793 •

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6 — — 29 N. E. Clear, and near calm.

8 82 90 37 N. E. Clouds here and there,

windy.

; 10 83 90 43 N. E. Scattered great fnowy-

11 80 90 43 N. E. Ditto. [hke clouds,

12 8o 90 44 N. E. Cloudy, and windy.
2 75 90 44 N. E. Ditto.

5 76 89 43 N.E. Scattered clouds, which

look fnowy.

8 — — 36 N.E. Clear, and a brifk gale of

wind.

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up between 5 and 6 in the
afternoon with aboutfour inches thick of hay and mats.
The plants were gone over and flopped, their leaves
thinned, and the fruit in blolTom fet. Air was given
from I o in the morning till 4 in the afternoon, and
then the lights were fliut clofe down.

Tburfdaji

5

—

—

27

6

—

28

8

78

88

36

!0

73

87

36

12

75

87

4i

I

76

87

41

2

77

87

41

4

76

83

42

6

—

39

•CUCUMBER PLANTS* 1%

T/jtirfday^ April it, 1793.

Hours. S.Th, P.Th, Ther. Wind. ,

N. E, Thin flreaky clouds.
N.W. Cloudy.

W. Ditto.
N.W. Snow falls.
N. W. Cloudy, and a brifk wind.

W. Ditto.

N. Showery.
N . E. Cloudy, and a brilk gale
N. E. Ditto. [of wind*

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock in the
.morning, and covered up in the evening between
5 and 6 with about four inches thick of hay 'and
mats. In the forenoon I flopped the plants, thinned
sheir leaves, and fet the fruit in blolTom ; and
about 3 o'clock in the afternoon I gave to each three-
light frame about half a hoglhead of water warmed,
till it raifed the thermometer to 82 degrees ; and in
giving the water, the lights were taken off one at a
time, and the water poured all over the plants, flues,
and fides of the frames out of water-pots with rofes
on them, in imitation of a heavy fhower of rain.
When the watering was fmifhed, the lights were fliut
down for the night.

iriday

igo

MANAGEMENT OF TH*

s

78

35

36

10

IS

85

37

12

78

85

43

2

72

85

41

4

72

85

42

lO

—

—

35

Friday y April ii^ i793'

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Then Wind.

,6 — > • — 34 N. E. Cloudy; fnow had fallen

in the nighti
N. E. Cloudy, and a brilk wind,
N. E. It rains lightly.
N.E. Cloudy.
N.E. Ditto.
N.E. Ditto.
N.E. Clear, and near calm.

The frames were uncovered aboiit 8 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with about
three inches thick of hay and mats. The plants^
were Hopped, their leaves thinned, and the fruit in
bloom fet. Air was given but for one hour, and
that was from i to 2 o'clock.

Saturday i April it^^ i793«

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6 — — 29 N. E. White froft, and a thick

fog.
8 79 86 37 N. E. The fun ihines faintly.

10 90 87 42 N.E. Sunfhine.

11 88 87 44 N.E. Ditto.
I 93 90 48 N. E. Ditto.

3 96 91 52 N.E. Ditto. /

5 9^ 90 5^ •^* ^* Ditto.
10 — — 46 N. E. Clouds here and there.

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the afternoon about 5
with about three inches thick of hay and mats. In
the morning I went over the plants and flopped

them,

CUCUMBER PLANTS. I9I

them, thinned their leaves, and fet the fruit that I
found in bloffom. Air was given plentifully in the
day-time, but the lights were fhut clofe down al!

night.

Sunday^ Jpril 14, 1793.

6

—

—

40

8

81

90

42

10

78

90

42

11

82

90

42

I

82

90

42

2

80

90

40

4

76

90

41

10

—

—

32

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Then Wnnd.

N.E. Suhfhine.
N. E. Some clouds.

W. Cloudy, and a cold wind.
N.W. Ditto.

N. Ditto.
N. E. The fun glimpfes.
N.E. Ditto.
N. E. Clear, and a briik wind.

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up about 5 in the afternoon
with three inches thick of hay and mats. Air was
admitted at 9 o'clock, and continued all dav, and
a Httle left at each light all night.

Monday^ April 15, 1793.

rlours

. S.Th.

P.Th.

Ther,

Wind.

6

—

—

28

s.w.

Streaky clouds, and
brifk wind.

8

67

85

36

s.w.

Clouds here and there.

10

75

85

45

s.w.

Sunfhine, windy.

12

75

85

48

s.w.

Cloudy and windy.

2

64

85

49

s.w.

Ditto.

4

66

85

47

s.w.

Ditto.

9

—

42

s.w.

Cloudy, dark, windy.

The frames were uncovered in the morning about

8 o'clock.

192 MANAGEiMENT O? THE

8 o'clock, and covered up at 5 in the afternoon with
about three inches thick of hay and mats. As foon
as uncovered I went over the plants and flopped them,
thinned their leaves, and fet the fruit in bloffom.
Air was continued day and night.

Tuefdajy April 16 y ij^'^*

: Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6

— •

—

33

N. Great fnowy clouds all
over the air.

8

.-.

—

?)3

N. Some fnow falls.

9

72

84

3S

N. Ditto.

10

75

84

37

N.W. Scattered clouds.

11

88

85

3S

N.W. Large towering clouds,
and fhowers of fnow.

12

89

S5

40

N.W. Sunfliine.

2

79

85

3S

N.W. Showers of fnow.

4

72

85

37

N.W. Ditto.

8

29

N.W. Clear, and but little wind.

The frames were uncovered juft before 9 in the
morning, and covered about 5 o'clock in the
afternoon with about four inches thick of ,hay and
mats. At 2 o'clock I went over the plants and Hop-
ped them, thinned their leaves, and fet the fruit that
were in bloifom. When that was done, I took
water. about 80 degrees warm, and poured fome of
it on the flues, and fome on the mould next to the
flues. Air was continued all day, and a little left at
each light all night.

Wednefdaj

CUCUMBER PLANTS. ipj /

/

Wednefday^ April 17, 17 93- '

^ow^s. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

S.W. Clear, and a hoar froft.
S.W. Sunfhine.
S.V/. The fun fliines faintly. .
S.W. The fky is overcafl with
lofty foggy clouds, and
the fun appears faintly.
S.W. It rains lightly.
S.W. Ditto.

S.W. Windy, and it continues
raining.
S. High wind, and it rains.

The frames were uncovered about 8. o'clock in the
morning, and covered up about 5 in the evening
with about three inches thick of hay and mats.
About noon I went over the plants and fcopped them,
thinned out fome of the oldeft leaves, picked off
the ihowing fruit where too thick, and fet thofe in
bloffom. Air was continued till near 4 in the after*
noon, when the lights were fhut down, and remain-

6

—

—

28

8

ID
12

72

77
76

82

83
83

3^

45
48

2

3
4

68

65
6+

82

82

82

40

38
37

6

—

—

35

ed fo all night.

•

Thiirfdayy April i^^ 1793.

liours.

S.Th.

P.Th.

Ther.

Wind.

6

—

^—

44

S.W. Windy, and a fmall rain*

8

70

80

48

S.W. Cloudy and windy.

10

72

80

50

S.W. Ditto.

12

74

81

S3

S.W. Showerv, windy.

2

70

81

S2>

S.W. Ditto.

3

7*

8x

53

S.W. Great clouds, ftormy.

5

74

-81

48

S.W. The fun fhines, and It
rains.

7

— '

_

44

S.W. Great ihowery clouds.

9

—

—

44

S*W. Heavy Ihowers.

The frames were uncovered about half pall 8
N in

tg4 MANAGEMENT OF THE

in the morning, and covered up about 5 iil
the afternoon with three inches thick of hay and
mats. At noon the plants were Hopped, their leaves
thinned, and the fruit in bloffom fet. The north
fide lining wasraifed with new dung. But little air
was given in the day-time, and lefs during the night.

Friday, April 19, 1793.

Cloudy, and a cold wind.
Ditto. [clouds.

Great towering fnowy
A heavy fhower of hail.
Gulls of wind, and fhov/-
Ditto. [ers of haiL

Great frofty-like clouds.
Clear, andbutlittlewindo
Ditto.

The frames w^ere uncovered at 9 in the morning,
and covered up between 4 aiid 5 o'clock in the af--
ternoon with about three inches thick of hay and
mats. Air was admitted day and night. In the fore-
noon I flopped the plants, thinned their leaves, and
fet the fruit that I found in bloom.

Saturday, April 20, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Then Wind.

6 — — 27 W. Thin clouds in the hori-

8 72 .81 32 W. Sunfhine. [zon.

10 87 82 42 N. Scattered clouds, near

12 86 84 46 N.E. Ditto. [calm.

I 87 85 48 N.E. Sunfhine.

4 ^5 ^5 47 N.E. Clouds here and there.

5 — — 40 N.E. Clear, and nearly calm.

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock in

the

flours,

, S.Th.

P.Th.

Ther.

Wind.

6

*.,-.

36

N.W..

9

IS

82

40

N.W.

10

73

82

41

N,W.

II

81

82

3B

N.W.

I

76

82

37

N.W.

2

IS

82

38

N.W.

4

70

H

Zl

N.

7

32

N.

9

—

—

29

N.

CUCUMBER iPLANTiSi 19^

the morning, and covered up about 5 in the after-
noon with hay and mats. In the morning the plants
were flopped, their leaves thinned, and the fruit in
blolTom fet. Plenty of air was given in the day-
time, and the lights were fhut clofe down all night.

Sunday y April 21, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th, Ther. Wind.

6

— - ■

—

40

S. Thin (Ireaky clouds.

8

-73

85

47

S. Ditto.

10

81

85

49

S. The fun fhines faintly,

11

88

85

5?>

S.W. Ditto.

I

90

86

SS

S.W. Sunfliine.

2

82

%6

54

S.W. Ditto.

4

86

86

S?>

S.W. Ditto.

9

—

—

39

S.E. Clear.

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up a little before 6 in the even-
ing with double mats. Air was admitted in the day-<
time plentifully, and a little left all night.

Monday^ April 22^ ^793*

Hours. S.Th. P.Th, Ther, Wind.

^ — — 34 S.E. The air is overcafl with

thin clouds.

8 70 80 46 S.E. Sunfhine.

10 82 81 51 S.E. Ditto.

'12 84 84 ^^ S. E. The fun fhines faintly.

2 86 85 SS S.E. Ditto.

4 80 84 54 S.E. Sunfliine.

8 — - — 39 E. Clear and calm.

The frames were uncovered about half pad 7 o'clock
N 2 ir\

■1()6 MANAGEMENT OF THE

in the morning, and covered at 5 in the afternoon witk
double mats. In the morning I went over the plants
and (topped them, thinned their leaves, and fet the
fruit in bloflbm. In the afternoon the plants were
watered moderately with water warmed to about 80
degrees. Air was admitted plentifully in the day-
time, and a little left all night.

Tue/day^ April 2 t^^ lyg^*

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Thcr. Wind.

5

.—

—

34

S.E.

Clear, and a white frofl.

6

—

—

40

S.E.

Thin clouds near the hori-

7

72

80

47

S.E.

Sunlhine. ["zon^

10

80

82

52

S.E.

Ditto.

12

87

84

57

S.E.

Ditto.

2

BS

84

59

S.E.

Ditto.

3

80

84

61

S.E.

The fun fhines faintly.

4

79

84

59

S.E.

Ditto.

6

—

—

56

S.E.

Ditto.

8

. 46

S.E.

Thin high clouds and low-
er fmall black one
come llowly from the
fouth-weft.

The frames were uncovered at 7 o'clock in the
morning, and covered about 6 in the evening with
double mats. The plants were flopped, their leaves
thinned, the weeds picked out, the fruit in bloflbm
fet, and where the fruit were fhowing too thick, the
vvorfl and weakeft of them were nipped off. Air was
admitted day and night.

W^dnefd^y^

CUCUMBER PLANTS. I97

We due f day ^ April 24, 1793-

riosrs. S.Th. P.Th. Then Wind.

6

—

42

W.

Cloudy.

8

75

81

50

W.

Ditto.

0

90

83

57

w.

The fun fhlnes faintly.

2

84

84

62

N.

Sinoaky-like clouds all
over the air.

2

82

84

61

N.

The fun glimmers.

0

80

84

58

N.

Great black clouds in the
fouth-wefl, and it thun-
ders.

4

IS

83

55

N.E

. Cloudy, and nearly calm.

8

44

N.E

. Ditto.

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up at 5 in the afternoon with
double mats. In the morning the plants were flop-
ped, their leaves thinned, and the fruit in bloom
fet. At four in the afternoon water was fprinkled all
round the infides of the frames, and on the bare
parts of the flues, and on the mould next to the flues.
The lights were then fliut down for the night,

Thiirfdayy Jprll 2$^ J793«

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6

—

—

40

N. Cloudy and gloomy.

9

72

81

42

N, It rains lightly.

10

70

81

43

N. Ditto.

12

70

81

47

N. Gloomy.

2

77

Si

42

N. Cloudy.

4

75

81

48

N. Ditto.

8

—

43 .

N. The moon fhines faintly.

The frames were uncovered at 9 o'clock in the

N 3 morning.

198 MANAGHMENT OF THE

morning, and covered up at 5 in the afternoon
with double mats, The plants were flopped, their
leaves thinned, and the fruit in bloflbm fet. Air was
given at 10 o'clock in the morning, and continued
till 4 in the afternoon, when the lights were (hut
down for the night.

Friday., April 26, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind,

6

—

—

42

W.

Clouds here and ther(?.

7

69

79

47

w.

Cloudy.

10

84

79

60

w.

The fun glimpfes.

12

82

80

62

w.

Ditto.

2

7S

8i

61

w.

Ditto.

3

79

81

S^

s.w.

Ditto.

6

72

81

53

s.w.

Ditto.

8

—

44

s.w.

Clouds in the horizon,

The frames were uncovered at 7 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up at 6 in the afternoon with
double mats. In the morning the plants were flop-
ped, their leaves thinned, and the fruit in bloom
fet. Air was given plentifully till 4 o'clock. To-
day I had a frefli lining applied to the fouth fide of
the bed. There was no heat in the old lining, it was
therefore all wheeled away except a little dung which
was lately laid on the top of it, and v.'hich was laid
afide, and fhaken into the foundation of the new lining.
The new lining was made with dung taken from
among the cow-cribs. To-day I began to cut melons.

Saiurdav

199

6

—

.^

43

S.E.

8

70

78

5^

S.E.

lO

IS

19

52

S.E.

12

75

79

57

S.E.

2

77

80

56

S.E.

4

74

80

56

S.E.

6

—

48

S.E.

CUCUMBER PLANTS.

Saturday^ April 2^^ ^793'

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

Cloudy, and but little

Ditto. [wind.

Cloudy, and abrifk wind.

Ditto.

Gloomy.

Cloudy, and a ftronggale

Ditto. [of wind.

The frames were uncovered at 8 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up about 5 in the afternoon
with double mats. In the morning I flopped the
plants, thinned their leaves, and fet the fruit that I
found in bloifom, A little air was admitted in the
day-time, and continued all night,

Sunday^ April 28, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

N. E. Cloudy, and a cold wind.

N.E. Ditto.

N. E. Light clouds.

N. E. The fun fhines faintly.

N, E. Scattered fmoaky - like

N. E. Ditto. [clouds.

N. E. Sunfhine.

N. E. Clear, and nearly calm.

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with mats.
Air was admitted day and night.

N 4 • Monday

6

—

40

8

70

77

45

10

79

78

49

II

84

80

52

I

82

82

56

•^
J

80

81

58

5

82

8£

57

8

, —

—

42

^00 MANAGEMENT OF THE

6

—

. —

36

7

70

80

45

JO

81

81

53

12

78

81

53

2

70

81

53

4

68

81

5^

8

—

45

Monday^ April 29, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Thcr. Wind.

S.W. Sunfhme.

S. W. The fun fnines faintly,

S.W. Thin clouds, and a briil^

gale of wind.
S.W. Cloudy and windy.
S.W. Windy, and a fmall driv-
S.W. Ditto. [ing rain.

S.Vv'. Clear, and a briil^ wind.

'he frames were uncovered at 7 o'clock in the
•~'^^ and covered between 5 and 6 in the after-
i V .ats. In the morning I flopped the plants,

tbijined out fome of their leaves, and fet the fruit in
bloflbm. The fouth fide lining, being funk, was
raifed with hot dung. Air was continued day an4
night.

Tuefday^ Jpril ^o^ 1793.

Hours. S Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

5 — — 38 S W. Clear, and but little wind,

6 — — 42 S.W. Ditto.

8 69 80 49 S.W. Flying clouds ^ the fuA

10 80 81 ^^ S.W. Ditto. [glimmers.

12 80 83 59 S.W. Cloudy, it looks rainy.

3 77 ^3 5^ S.W. Some drops of rain fall.

5 7^ ^3 S7 '^' Windy, and fome raim

8 — — 50 S. Ditto.

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock in the

morning, arid covered up about 5 in the afternoon

with double mats. In the morning I flopped the

plants, thinned their leaves, and fet the fruit in blof^

fom. Air was admitted in the day-time, but the

lights were fhut clofe down all night.

Wsdnefday^

CUCUMBER PLANTS. ^01

Wednefday^ May i, 1793.

|:Iours, S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

5 — — 45 W. Flying clouds, wind high;

there had been a fine

rain in the night.

8 70 82 50 W. Flying clouds, and light

lo 77 ^3 55 W* I^ittO' [fhowers,

i2 7S ^3 59 S.W. Cloudy, windy,

2 JJ 83 58 S.W. Ditto. ' [then.

4 70 84 55 S.W. The fun fhines now and
^ ^^ — 4p S.W. Showers of rain j the

wind is fallen.

The frames were uncovered at 5 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up at 5 in the afternoon with
double mats. In the morning I flopped the plants,
picked off the fhowing fruit where they were too thick,
thinned their leaves, and fet the fruit that I found in
bloiTom. At 3 o'clock water about 60 degrees
warm was poured on eveiy part of the flues. Air
>vas admitted day and night.

Thurfday^ May 2, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. V/ind.

5 — — 43 W. Thin clouds cover the flvy.
8 70 82 50 W. Showery.

10 71 82 51 W. Ditto. [of wind.

12 72 82 45 W. Heavy fhowers, and gufts

1 73 82 48 Vv^. A heavy Ihower of large

hail.

2 80 83 48 N.W. Windy, and great fhow-

3 75 83 47 N.W. Ditto. [ery clouds*
5 70 83 45 N.W. Ditto.

8 — — ^ 41 N.W. Clouds here and there.

The frames were uncovered a little pad 8

in

202 MANAGEMENT OF THE

in the morning, and covered up in the afternoon
about 5 o'clock with double mats. In the forenoon
the plants were gone over and floppedj their kaves
thinned, and the fruit in bloffom fet. Air was coa-
tinned day and night. The fouth fide lining, being
funk, was raifed with freih dung,

• Friday^ May 3, 1793.

Hours. S.Th..P.Th. Ther. Wind.

W- Clear, and nearly calm.

W. Scattered clouds.
N.W. Ditto.
NAV. Scattered great fnowy-

like clouds.
N.W. Cloudy, and a brifk wind.
N.W. Ditto.
N.W. Ditto.
N.W. Cloudy, nearly calm.

The frames were uncovered a little before 8 o'clock
in the morning, and covered up about 6 in the even-
ing with double mats. In the morning I flopped the
plants, fet the fruit in bloflbm, and thinned their
j(eaves. » Air was continued day and night.

Saturday^ May 4, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

^ .— .— ^o S.W. The fun appears through

foggy clouds.

5

.-^

—

3+

8

67

81

^Z

10

80,

83

49

X2

8s

83

52

2

76

83

Si

4

73

83

52

6

68

83

50

8

—

—

47

8 .73 83

48

S.W. The fun ihines faintly.

10 80 84

56

S.W. Scattered clouds.

II 83 84

60

S.W. Ditto.

12 78 84

59

S.W. Cloudy.

1 80 84

51

S.W. Ditto.

4 73 84

S3

S.W. Ditto.

8 — — •

45

S.W. Ditto.

The frames

were

uncovered about 8 o'clock in

the

CUCUMBER PLANTS. 2O3

the morning, and covered up in the afternoon at 5
o'clock with mats. In the morning the plants were
flopped, their leaves thinned, and the fruit in blolToni
fet. Air was given in the day-time, but the light$
were ilmt down all night.

Sunday^ May 5, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

5 — — 44 S.W. Cloudy ; there had been

rain in the night.

S.W. Cloudy, windy,
W. Scattered clouds, windy,
W. Cloudy, Vvdndy.
V/. Ditto.

N.W. Ditto.

N.W. Scattered clouds.

N.W. Ditto.

N.W. Clear, and nearly calm.

The frames were uncovered ^bout S o'clock in the
rnorning, and covered up about 5 in the afternoon
with double mats. Air was admitted in the day*
time, but the lights v/ere fhut clofe down about 5 in
the afternoon.

Monday^ May 6, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

N.W. Clear, and nearly calm.

N.W. Sunfhine.

N.W. Ditto.

N.W. Dufty-like clouds arife

N. Cloudy, [in the nortli.

N, Ditto.

N. Ditto.

6

—

—

48

8

72

S3

50

10

75

83

49

11

n

84

50

I

y6

8s

55

2

80

85

5^

4

75

85

53

10

—

— r

40

6

—

—

3^

7

69

82

40

10

84

85

49

12

87

86

5^

0

80

86

SS

4

76

^(>

54

6

—

—

51

T

rhe frames were uncovered about 7 o'clock in the

morning,

6

—

—

40

8

74

84

44

lO

8o

84

48

12

75

85

52

2

75

8 s

50

4

77

85

48

8

—

—

45

2C4 MANAGEMENT OF THE

niorning, and covered up at 5 in the evening with
double mats. Air was given in the day-time, but
none during the night.

Tuefday^ May 7, 1793.

Hours. S.Th.P.Th. Then Wind.

40 N. Cloudy, gloomy.

44 N. Scattered clouds, and Hgiit

N. Ditto. [fhowers.

N. Ditto.

N. Cloudy, nearly calm.

N. Showery.

N. Clear ; the air looks frofly.

The frames were uncovered at 8 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up between 5 and 6 in the
evening with mats. In the forenoon the plants were
flopped, their leaves thinned, the friiit in bloflbm fet,
and the weeds picked out of the mould. About
noon the plants were well watered, with water near
80 degrees warm. The water was given out of pots
with rofes on them, and it was poured in between
the leaves, fo that the leaves were not much wetted
laor weighed down thereby ; but every part of the
mould was well watered, and plenty was poured on
the flues. Air was admitted from 9 o'clock in the
morning till 5 in the afternoon, when the lights were
iliut down *for the night. The fouth fide lining be-
ing funk was raifed with hot dung.

Wednejdayy

CUCUMBER PLANTS. ^C^

lVed?jefday, May 8, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.lh. T her. Wind.

6 — — 41 E. Foggy, nearly calm.

^ 77 ^3 49 E* The fun glimmers.

10 83 84 54 E. Scattered clouds.

J2 80 85 58 S. E. Ditto.

2 78 86 60 S.W. Ditto. '

4 '/G 86 §:; S.W. Cloudy, nearly calm*

8 — — 48 S.W. Clear, nearly calm.

The frames were uncovered before 8 o'clock In the
morning, and covered between 5 and 6 In the evening
with double mats. In the morning the plants were
(topped, their leaves thinned, and the fruit in blof-
fom (et, Air was admitted at 8 o'clock in the
morning, and continued day and night.

T/jurfdaVy May g, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.TIi. Ther. Wind.

6 — — 45 S.W. It rains, and there had

been a good deal ia
the night.
8 68 82 S^ S.W. Cloudy, gloomy.
TO 69 82 51 S.W. Showers of rain.
12 79 83 59 S.W. The fun glimpfes.
2 81 84 61 S.W. Ditto.

4 78 84 60 S.W. Scattered clouds.

5 71 84 S7 S.\¥. Ditto.

i3 ^-^ — ^4 S.W. Showery.

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock in the

morning, and covered about 5 in the afternoon with

double mats. In the afternoon I (lopped the plantSj

thinned out feme of their leaves, and fet the fruit

that I found in bloifom. Air was continued day and

night.

I Fridav^

206 MANAGEMENT OF THS

Friday y May lo, 1 793.

Jlours. S.Th. F.Th. Ther. V/ind.

5

—

40

S.W.

Cloudy, and nearly calm^

8

72

82

5^

s.w.

Ditto.

10

79

83

56

s.

Ditto.

12

80

83

61

s.

Ditto.

I

79

83

61

s.

It rains a little. '

2

80

S3

61

s.

The fun lliines faintly.

5

75

^3

5B

s.

Cloudy, gloomy.

8

—

—

49

s.

Ditto.

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up between 5 and 6 in
the afternoon with double mats. At noon I Hopped
the plants, fet the fruit in bloflbm, and thinned their
leaves. In the afternoon the tiles and bricks that
lay above the fide flues for the plants to run on, were
taken out, and all the flues covered with mould, and
made on a levek with the mould that was in the bed
before, and put clofe home to the fides of the frames,
and prefied down gently, making it of an equal
iirmnefs with the mould that the plants were growing
in; the plants were then trained out on the frefh
mould, and the lights Ihut clofe down for the
night.

Saturday^

CUCUMBER PLANTS.

;o'/

Saturday^ May ii, 1793.

fioiirs. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

Cloudy, and nearly calm.
Showery-looking clouds.
S. E. The fun appears faintly.
Ditto.
Ditto.

Since 2 o'clock there have
been liofht ihowers of

5

—

—

49

S.

8

71

82

58

s.

10

77

82

60

S.E

12

8£

84

67

S. E

2 '

80

84

66

E.

5

68

^^3

58

E.

6

—

—

57

E.

8

—

<»^

Si

E.

rain.

Clouds, and the fun ap-
pears through them.
Gloomy.

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up between 5 and 6 in the
evening with double mats* In the forenoon I flop-
ped the plants, thinned their leaves, and fet the fruit
that I found in blolfoni. Air was admitted day and
night.

Sunday^ May 12, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

5 — — 50 E. Cloudy, and nearly calm.

7 70 82 55 E. Sunihine.

9 89 84 60 E. Ditto,

10 89 85 65 E. Ditto.

12 90 86 71 N.E. Light clouds here and

1 87 87 75 N.E. Ditto. [there,

2 84 ^j y^ N.E. Bright funfhine,
4 82 87 71 N.E. Ditto.

B — — 60 N. E. Clear, and nearly calm.

The frames were uncovered about 7 o'clock in the

morning, and covered up about 6 in the afternoon

3 with

208 MANAGEMENT OF THE

With mats. Air was admitted plentifully in the da]"-
time, and about an inch left at each light all night,

Monday^ May 13, 1793.

Heurs.S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

5 — — 48 N. E. Much dew, mifty, and a

brifk wind.
52 N. E. Light foggy clouds.
60 N. E. Sunfhine, brills gale of
N. E. Ditto. [wind.

N.E. Ditto.
N. E. Bright funfliine.
N.E. Ditto.
N.E. Sunfhine, windy.
E. Clouds here and there.

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock In the
morning, and covered up in the afternoon about
half pad 5 with double mats. In the morning I went
over the plants and flopped them, thinned their
leaves, fet the fruit in bloflbm, and picked off the
word fruit where they were iliowing too thick.
About 3 o'clock the plants were well watered with
water which had flood in the fun till it was 70 de-
grees warm. Great plenty of air was admitted in
the day-time, and a little was left at each light all
night.

8

70

84

52

JO

88

85

60

12

87

87

67

I

82

87

68

2

87

87

71

3

89

88

72

5

83

86

68

6

—

(>7,

Tuefday,

CUCUMBER PLANTS. 209

Tuefday^ May 14, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

5

—

—

42

N. E Clear, and a brllk wind.

7

69

H

48

N. E Suiifhine, windy.

9

78

83

52

N E. Ditto.

10

84

85

ss

N. E. Ditto.

12

85

87

58

N.E. Ditto.

2

81

^7

60

N E. Ditto.

4

83

87

59

N.E, Clouds here and therci

5

78

87

58

N. E. Ditto.

8

50

N. E. Clear, and nearly calm.

The frames were uncovered about 7 o'clock in
the morning, and covered up a little before 6 in the
afternoon with double mats. In the morning the
plants were flopped, their leaves thinned, and the
fruit in bloflbm fet. Air was given plentifully day
and night,

Wednefday., May 15, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6

—

— .

47

W.

Clear, and a brilk air of

7

73

85

50

W.

Sunfhine. [\yind.

9

83

85

55

N.W.

Ditto.

10

85

86

59

N.W.

Ditto.

.12

83

87

66

N.W.

The air is overcaft with
light clouds.

2

83

87

63

N.W.

Cloudy, and a briflc windi

5

74

86

59

N.

Ditto.

7

—

53

N.E,

Ditto.

The frames were uncovered about 7 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up between 5 and 6 in the af-
ternoon with double mats. In the morning the
' O plants

(2IO MANAGEMENT OF THK

plants were flopped, their leaves thinned, and the
fruit in bloflbm fet. Air was given plentifully all the
day, and a little left at each light all night.

Tlmrfday^ May 16, 1793.

Hours, S.Th. P.Th. Ther. V,lnd.

6 70 84 40 N. E. Light flying clouds, brifk

gale of wind.

N. E. Sunfhine, wind}^

N. E. *Ditto.

N. E. Ditto.

N. E. Ditto.

N. E. The fky is overcafl with
light clouds.

N. E. The wind is fallen.

N. E. Light clouds, nearly calm ,

N. E. Ditto.

The frames were uncovered at 6 o'clock In the
morning, and covered up at 6 in the afternoon with
double mats. In the morning the plants were gone
over and flopped, their leaves thinned, and the fruit
in blolTom fet. The plants were fhaded with thin
mats from about 12 till 2 o'clock, and about 3
o'clock they were well watered : The water was
about 6^ degrees warm, and was poured all over the
plants, and againft the fides of the frames to "^afh
andfweeten them; to each three-light frame of plants
was given a hogfhead of water. Air wa*s continued-
all the day, and a* little left all night.

9

82

8s

50

10

84

86

55

32

84

87

58

I

82

87

58

2

84

87

60

4

73

79

61

6

7S

81

59

8

—

—

55

Friday^

CUCUMBER PLANTS. 2lt

Friday^ May 17, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

^ 73 ^3 5^ ^' ^^ggy clouds all over

9 79 84 58 N W. Ditto. [the air,

10 81 84 62 N.W. Ditto.

12 75 84 63 N.W. Ditto.

2 80 85 63 N.W. Ditto.

4 87 86 6^ N.W. The fun fhines now and

then.

7 — — 52 N.W. It has rained fmce 6

8 — — 52 N.W. Fair, hazy. [o'clock.

The frames were uncovered about 6 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up between 5 and 6 in the
evening with double mats. In the morning I went
over the plants and flopped them, thinned their
leaves, fet the fruit that I found in bloom, and
rubbed offfeveral young fruit where they were fhov/-
ing to6 thick. Air was admitted all the day, but
the lights were flmt clofe down all night.

Saturday, May 18, i793«

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6

73

85

46

N. E. Cloudy, and a brifkwmd,

8

10

7S
79

85
85

50

ss

N. E. The fun fhines faintly.
N. E. Scattered clouds.

12

81
80

86

5«

63

N.E. Cloudy.
N. E. Ditto.

4
6

8

75
77

85

86

59

52
49

N, E. Showery-like clouds*

N.E. Gloomy.

N.E. Light clouds. .^.

The frames were uncovered about 6 o'clock iri the
morning, and covered up at 6 o'clock in the after-

O 2 noon

2J^ MANAGEMENT OF THE

nocn with double mats. In the morning the plants
were (lopped, their leaves thinned, and the fruit in
blofTom fet. Air was given in the day-time, and the
lights fhut down all night.

Su?iday^ May 19, 1793.

Hours. S.TL P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6

—

«—

41

N.

Cloudy, and a cold wind

8

70

84

44

N.

Gloomy and cold.

10

7S

84

49

N.

Light clouds.

12

78

84

55

N.E.

Ditto.

2

82

8s

56

N.E.

Ditto.

4

78

85

53

N.E.

Cloudy and windy.

5

83

86

51

N.E.

Sunfliine.

9

—

43

N.E.

Clear, and a brilk wind.

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up about half pail 5 in the
afternoon with double mats. But liltle air was ad-
mitted in the day-time, and the lights were ihut down
all night.

Monday, May 20, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

— — 35 N.E. Clear, and a white froft.
N.E. Sunfliine, and a brifk
N.E. Ditto. [wind.

N. E. Scattered light clouds.
N.E. Sunfliine.
N.E. Ditto.

N.E. Small clouds here and
there.
5. 87 87 56 N.E. Bright funfliine.

The frames were uncovered about 7 o'clock in
tht morning, and covered up between 5 and 6 in

the

5

—

—

35

7

71

83

43

9

78

83

49

10

80

84

52

J2

87

86

59

2

85

86

60

4

90

86

58

CUCUMBER PLANTS. 2I3

the afternoon with double mats. In the morning I
Hopped the plants, thinned their leaves, fet the fruit
in bloflbm, and thinned the fruit where they were
fhowing too thick. Air was given plentifully in the
day-time, but the lights were fliut clofe down all
night.

Tuefday^ May 21, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. V/Ind.

5

— -

— —

41

N. E. Foggy clouds come from
the north-eaft.

7

74

84

45

N. E. Sunfhine, and a briflc

9

80

84

53

N. E. Ditto. [wind.

10

87

5^

5«

N.E. Ditto.

II

90

86

62

N,E. Ditto.

12

90

87

65

N.E. Ditto.

1

89

88

66

N.E. Scattered clouds, wind v.

4

93

88

64

N.E. Ditto.

6

SS

N. E. Clear, and windy.

8

—

—

49

N.E. Ditto.

The frames were uncovered about 7 o'clock In the
morning, and covered up between 4 and 5 in
the afternoon with double mats. In the morning
the plants were floppedj their leaves thinned, and
the fruit in bloffom fet. Plenty of air was admitted
in the day-time, and a little left all night at each
light. The linings being funk were raifed all round
with hot dung.

At noon I held among the water in the fpring, a

thermometer, and it fell, and ftood at 45, and -when

I held it in the water running from the pipe it

rofe, and ftood at 52. I then plunged it in the pond

O 3 . in

(214 MANAGEMENT CF TliE

in the water expofed to the fun and air, and it
rcffe, and flood at 64. After that I fet the thermo-
meter on the ground upright, on a fouth border ex-
pofed to the fun, clofe by a row of peas in blpifom,
and it foon rofe, and flood at lOo. In walking abgyt
the fields between 1 2 and i o'clock with a thermo-
meter hanging in my hand, it kept rifmg and falling
between 6^ and 70 degrees.

Wednefday^ May 22, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

5 — — 44 N. E. Cloudy, and a cold wind.
9 74 85 48 N. E. Ditto,

10 84 86 50 N. E. The fun fhines faintly.

12 83 86 56 N E. Thm clouds,

2 85 87 57 N. E. Sunfhine.

4 79 86 55 N. E. Cloudy, and a brifk gale

6 75 86 5 i N, E Ditto. [of wind.
8 _ _ 46 N.E. Ditto,

The frames were uncovered jufl before 9 o'clock
in the morning, and covered up in the afternoon
about 6 with double mats. In the morning the
plants were Hopped, their leaves thinned, and the
fruit in bloffom fet. Between 2 and 3 o'clock plenty
of water was poured upon the mould above the flues,
but there was none given to the mould near the items
of the plants. Air was given in the day-time, but
the lights were fliut clofe down all night.

Thurfday,

CUCUMBER PLANTS. ' 11$

T/jur/day, May 2j, 1793,

Hmirs. S.Th, P.Th. Ther. Wind.

s

—

—

42

N. E. Foggy light clouds.

8

75

84

49

N. E. Ditto.

10

85

85

57

N.E. Sunfhirie.

12

87

87

66

N. E. Clouds here and there.

2

84

87

67

N.E. Ditto.

3

85

87

66

N.E. Ditto.

4

77

87

62

N.E. Sunfhine.

5

75

87

62

N.E. Scattered clouds, nea
calm.

9

—

—

49

N.E. Clear, and nearly calm.

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up between 5 and 6 in the evening
with double mats. In the afternoon the plants were
Hopped, their leaves thinned, and the fruit in bloflbm
fet. Air was admitted plentifully in the day-time,
and a little left all night at each light.

Friday^ May 24, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6 —

— 44 N. E. Foggy, and nearly cahn.

9 72

84 49 N.E. Ditto.

10 74

84 49 N.E. Foggy clouds, and a briffc

12 ~y6

84 49 N.E. Ditto. [wind.

2 80

84 s^ N-E- ^itto.

4 85

85 ^y N. E. Scattered clouds.

5 90

86 S7 N-E. Ditto.

8 —

— 48 N. E. Clear, and a brilk gale of

wind.

The frames were uncovered about 9 o'clod: in the

morning,

and covered up in the afternoon between

5 and 6

with double mats. In the afternoon I

O 4 flopped

ai6 MANAGEMENT OF THE

flopped the plants, thinned their leaves, and fet the
fruit in blolTom. Air v»^as admitted till 4 o'clock
in the afternoon, when the lights were fhut clofe
down for the night.

Saturday^ May 25, 1793.

Hours

. S.Th.

P.Th.

Ther.

Wind.

. ,-

^.

— «

36

N.E.

Foggy flying clouds.

7

72

84

44

N.E.

Sunfliine.

!: 'L' ■■

82

85

53

N.E.

Scattered clouds, and a
briik wind.

07

60

N.E.

Sunfhine,

-5

87

60

N.E.

Scattered white clouds.

^

62

87

58

N E

Ditto.

- 5

9'

«7

S*^

N.E.

I hin clouds cover the fky.

8

5^^

N.E.

Ditto, and a brifk gale

of wind.

The frames were uncovered about 7 o'clock in
the morning, and covered up between 5 and 6 in
the afternoon with double mats. In the morning the
linings were raifed with frelh dung, the plants
were flopped, their leaves thinned, and the fruit in
bloffom fet. In the day-time air was admitted plen-
tifully, and a little was left all night at each light.

widayi

6

—

—

43

7

74

85

44

9

85

87

51

lO

90

87

54

I

80

87

68

2

83

87

67

3

80

87

62

4

74

87

55

S

—

48

CUCUMBER PLANTS. 217

Sunday^ May 26, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th, Then Wind.

N. E. Bright funfhin€.

N. K. Ditto.

N.E. Ditto.

N. E. Ditto.

N. E. The fky is overcafl with

light clouds.
N. E. Thin clouds, and a brifk

gale of wind.
N.E. Gloomy.
N.E. Ditto.
N. E. Glear, and a brifk gale of

wind.

The frames were uncovered about 7 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up about 5 in the afternoon
with double mats. Air was given plentifully in the
day-time, and a little left all night.

Monday^ May 27, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6 — — 43 N. E. Foggy clouds, and a brifk

7 72 84 45 N. E. Ditto. [wind.

8 80 85 48 N.E. Ditto.

J I 90 87 61 N.E. Sunfhine.

1 86 87 69 N.E. The air is overcafl with

2 80 87 yo N.E. Ditto. flight clouds.

3 65 70 68 N. E. Cloudy, and near calm.

4 75 74 64 N.E. Gloomy; the clouds look

rainy.

9 — — 55 N. E. Clouds here and there.

The frames were uncovered about 7 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up between 5 and 6 in the after-
noon

£ I 8 MA N A GEME N T Ov T H E

noon with about 3 inches thick of hay and mati. I13
the morning the plants were flopped, their leaves
thinned, the weeds picked out, and the fruit in blol-
fom fet. Between 2 and 3 o'clock I gave the plants a
plentiful vv^atering with water about 6^ degrees warm.
I gave to each three-light frame about half a hogfhead,
and when the watering was hniflied, the lights were
Ihut clofe down for the nip-ht.

Tuefclay, May 28, 1793.

^ours

. S.Th.

P.Th. Ther.

Wina.

5

_

— 45

S.W. Foggv, and a brilk w5nd«

7

79

85 53

W. Cloudy.

10

33

86 62

W. The fun glimpfes.

12

85

87 65

N. W. Cloudy, and a brilk wind.

2

8j

87 6y

N.W. Cloudy, and nearly calm.

3

88

87 66

N,W. Scattered clouds.

5

8[

88 62

N.W. Ditto.

6

_

— 59

N.W. Sunlhine.

8

—

— 53

N.W. Clear, and nearly calm.

The frames were uncovered about 7 o'clock in
the morning, and covered up in the afternoon about
half pad 5 with double mats. In the afternoon the
plants were flopped, their leaves thinned, and the
fruit in bloffom fet. Air was admitted about 8 o'clock
in the morning, and increafed gradually, and at
5 o'clock in the afternoon the lights were fhut clofe
down for the night. The fouth fide lining, being
funkj was raifed with hot dung.

Wednefday^

8

73

86

44

lo

8i

87

48

12

79

87

54

3

82

88

55

4

79

88

54

5

8i

88

51

8

—

—

46

CUCUMBER PLANTS* 21^

Wednefday, May 29, 1793.

KoMrs. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6 72 86 42 N. Sunfhine, and a brilk

wind
N. Great fhowery-like clouds
N.W. Scattered clouds, [arife,
N.W. Ditto.
N.W. Ditto.

N.W. Cloudy, and a brifk wind.
N.W. Ditto.

N.W. Clouds here and there 5
nearly calm.

The frames were uncovered about 6 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up at half paft 5 in the after-
noon with double mats. In the morning the plants
were flopped, their leaves thinned, and the fruit
in bloom fet. About 4 o'clock in the afternoon
water was poured plentifully all round about againll
the infides of the frames to fweeten the flues, fo that
therefrom a kindly fleam, might arife during the night
to nourifh and invigorate the plants. Air was ad-
mitted at 7 o'clock in the morning, and continued
d,\l day, and a little left all night

T/jur/dayf

220 MANAGEMENT OF THE

Thurfclay^ May 30, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

5

—

.—

38

N. Clear, and a briflc wind.

6

68

85

39

N. Simfiilne.

8

76

85

45

N.W. Scattered clouds.

10

80

86

46

N.W. Ditto.

12

88

87

52

N.W. Sunfliine.

I

89

88

54

N.W. Ditto.

2

88

89

54

N.W. Scattered clouds.

4

87

89

52

N.W. Ditto. \dowLh.

5

86

90

49

N.W. Stormy, and great white

7

....

46

N.W. Clear, and nearly calm.

8

—

—

43

N.E. Ditto.

The frames were uncovered about 6 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up about 5 in the afternoon
with double mats. In the morning the plants were
flopped, their leaves thinned, and the fruit in blof-
fom fet. Air was admitted till near 5 o'clock in the
afternoon, when the lights were fnut clofe down for
the night.

Friday

, May ^t, 1793. .

Hours.

, S.Th.

P.Th.

Thci.

Wind.

5

^■ —

._.

S.W.

Clear, and a white froft.

7

73

86

41

W.

Clouds here and there.

10

86

87

50

w.

Scattered clouds.

12

S3

88

S7

w.

Cloudy, and a brifk wind.

2

85

88

5'^

w.

Scattered clouds ; a few
drops of rain fall.

4

9^

89

59

w.

Scattered clouds.

5

89

90

57

w.

Ditto. [fouth-weft.

8

50

N.W.

Great black clouds in the

The frames were uncovered at 7 o'clock in the

morning,

CUCUMBER PLA.NT8. 22i

moTning, and covered up about 5 in the afternoon
with double mats. In the morning the plants were
flopped, their leaves thinned, and the fruit in bloffom
fet. Air was given about 8 o'clock in the morning,
and continued till 5 in the afternoon, when the lights
were fhut clofe down for the night.

Saturday^ June i, I793»

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6

72

. 86

44

W.

Clear, and a brifk wind.

8

80

87

S^

s,w.

Sunfhine.

10

85

88

S7

s.

Scattered clouds.

12
I
2

4
6

89
89
89

79

89

9f

9^-

61
64

^5
64
61

s.
s.
s.
s.
s.

Sunfhine.

Ditto

Thin (treaky clouds.

Ditto.

Ditto.

8

—

~

55

s.

Cloudy, gloomy, calm

The frames were uncovered at 6 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up about 6 in the afternoon
with double mats. In the morning I went over the
plants and flopped them, thinned out their leaves,
fet the fruit in bloffom, and nipped off here and there
feveral of the young fruit where I found them fet too
thick. Air was admitted a little before 8 o'clock in
the morning, and continued till 4 in the afternoon ;
then I poured water plentifully on the mould above
the flues, and againfl the fides of the frames. The
water raifed the thermometer to 6 c degrees.

Sunday^

1L2Z MANAGEMENT OF THE "

Sunday, June 2, i7$3*

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

5 _ ^_-. ^^ s. Cloudy and windy.

8 77 87 58 S. Ditto.

10 75 87 59 S. Di»-to.

11 80 87 60 S. Ditto,

2 76 87 62 S E. Cloudy; a few drops of ram
4 74 87 60 S. E, Cloudy, windy. [fall.

9 — — 54 S. E, The wind is fallen.

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up about 6 in the evening
with double mats. Air was given from 8 in the
morning till 4 in the afternoon, when the lights were
fhut down for the night.

Monday, June 3, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Thcr. Wind.

6 78 ^6 54 S. Clear, and nearly calm.
S.W. Clouds here and there.
S.W. Sunfhine.
S.W. Ditto.
S.W. Scattered clouds.
S.W. Ditto.

S.W. Sunfhine, near calm.
S.W. Ditto.
S.W. Clear and calm.

The frames were uncovered about 6 o'clock in tire
morning, and covered up a little before 6 in the af-
ternoon with mats. In the morning the plants were
flopped, their leaves thinned, and the fruit in blof-
fom fet. In the afternoon, between 3 and 4 o'clock,
I gave each light of plants two pot-fulls of water
I about

8

79

^6

59

10

82

87

^9

II

84

88

69

12

85

88

69

2

83

88

70

4

95

89

6%

7

—

—

62

9

—

—

54

CUCUMBER PLANTS. C23

about 6^ degrees warm, all over their leaves. Air
was given at 7 o'clock in the morning, and continued
till 7 in the evening, when it was taken away for the
night,

Ilours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

^

— .

-.—

55

S.E. Thin light clouds here

6

76

87

57

S. E. Dhto. [and there.

8

80

88

62

S. Ditto.

10

82

88

70

S. Ditto.

II

84

89

74

S. vScattered clouds.

12

85

Sij

78

S. The fun fhines faintly.

2

83

89

J :>

S. Cloudy, and nearly calm.

3

86

89

76

S. The fun glimmer^.

4

85

89

73

S.W. Ditto.

6"

68

S.W. Cloudy, and nearly calm.

9

—

—

59

S.W. Ditto.

The frames were uncovered at 6 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up about half pail 5 in the
afternoon with mats. In the morning I flopped
the plants, thinned their leaves, picked off feveral
fmall fruit where they were fet too thick, and fet the
fruit in bloffom. Air was given at 7 o'clock in the
morning, and continued till between 4 and 5 in the
afternoon, when the lighrs v/ere {hut clofe down for^
the night.

JVednsfdaj^-

224 MANAGEMENT OF THE

Wednefdajy June 5, 1793.

Hc'jrs. S.Th. P.Th. 1 her. Wind.

5 ~ — 52 S.W. Light clouds here and

6 76 ^6 ^^ S.W. Sunfhine. [there.

8 85 88 69 S. E. Clouds here and there.
20 86 89 74 S. E. The fun fhines faintly.
II 79 88 70 S. Cloudy, gloomy ; a few

drops of rain fall.

3 2 82 88 71 S. A hght fhower of rain.

2 83 89 73 S,W. Cloudy, and nearly calm.

3 82 89 73 S. Ditto.

4 84 8q 71 S. Sunfhine.

5 ^5 S9 69 S.W. Clouds here and there.

9 — — 59 S. Clear, and nearly calm.

The frames were uncovered at 6 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up jufl: before 6 in the after-
noon with fmgle mats.

In the morning I flopped the plants, thinned their
leaves, and fet the fruit in bloflbm. Air was admit-
ted at 7 o'clock in the morning, continued all day,
and a little left at each light all night.

Thurfdaj, June 6^ i793»

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

5

—

52

S.W. Cloudy, and a briik wind.

6

72

86

5S

S.W. Ditto.

8

80

86

60

S.W. The fun Ihines faintly.

10

83

87

^5

S.W. Ditto.

1 1

83

87

71

S.W. Cloudy.

12

75

87

68

S.W. A few drops of rain fall.

2

75

87

6S

S.W. Gloomy.

4

76

87

62

S.W. It rains lightly.

5

75

87

60

S. It rains gently. '

9

55

S. Cloudy, and a brilk wind.

The frames

were uncovered at 6 o'clock in the

morning.

tuCUMBER PLANTS. 225

piorning, and covered up a little before 6 in the
afternoon with fmglc mats. In the morning I (lop-
ped the plants, thinned their leaves, and fet the fruit
in bloflbm. At noon plenty of water was poured
upon the mould above the flues, arid agalnil the fides
of the frames, and jufl before covering up tbe plants
were fprinkled all over till their leaves were well wet-
ted. Air was given all day till about 6 o'clock in
the afternoon, when the lights were fliut down for
the night.

Friday^ June 7, 1793^

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

5

—

^—

SS

s.w.

Clear in the wed, cloudy
in the eafl.

6

72

84

56

s.w.

Cloudy, gloomy.

8

n

84

58

s.w.

Szattered clouds, nearly

10

«3

85

62

s.w.

Ditto. [calm.

II

86

86

e^

s.w.

Ditto.

12

85

87

71

s.w.

Great clouds, and gufts of

I

85

87

71

s.w.

Ditto. [wind.

2

85

87

70

s.w.

Dhto.

' 4

80

87

68

s.w.

Sunfmne.

8

^.^.^

SI

s.w.

Clear, and a brilk wind.

9

—

—

sz

s.w.

Ditto.

The frames were uncovered about 6 o'clock in the
morning, but there was no covering put on in the
evening. In the morning the plants w^ere flopped^
their leaves thinned, and the fruit in bloHbm fet.
The linings were raifed all round v/ith hot dung*
At 5 o'clock in the afternoon with water about ^"j
degrees warm, I watered the plants all over till their
leaves were well wetted.

P Saturday^

Hours

. S.Th.

P.Th.

Ther.

6

72

84

56

8

78

84

59

lO

80

85

6[

12

S5

35

64

2

S3

85

6+

5

84

8 ■

62

7

7^

86

58

9

—

56

226 ^ MANAGEMENT OF THE

Saturday^ June 8, 1793.

Wind.

S. W. Cloudy, and a brifk wind.

S.W. Ditto.-

S.W, Showery-like clouds.

S W. Windy, and large clouds

here and there.
S.W. A light fliower.
S-W. Squally.
S.W. Cloudy and windy.
S.W. Showery-like clouds.

In the morning the plants were fcopped, their leaves
thinned, the weeds picked out, and the fruit in blof-
foni fet. Air was given between 7 and 8 in the
morning, and continued till about 5 in the afternoon,
when the plants were fprinkled with Vv'ater, and the
lights fliut clofe down for the night. To-day we
gathered peas for the firft time this feafon ; they were
fown in December on a fouth-wall border, in a row
6 feet diftance from the wall.

Sunday^ June 9, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther, Wind.

S.W. Clear, and a brifk gale of

wind.
S.W. Clouds come fwiftly from

the fouth-weft.
S.W. Cloudy and v/indy,
S.W. Ditto.

S.W. The fun fliines jiow and
S.W. Sunfhine. , [then.

S.W. Clouds here and there 5 the

wind is fallen.

Air was admitted at 8 o'clock in the morning, and

continued

6

68

83

50

8

83

83

54

10

82

83

58

I

82

84

6^

2

83

84

65

4

88

86

64

8

77

86

55

CUCUMBER PLANTS. 227

continued till between 4 and 5 in the afternoon,
when the Hghts were fhut down for the night.

Monday y june 10, 1793.

Flours

. S.Th.

P.Th.

Ther.

Wind.

5

^5

S3

48

s.w.

Clear, and a brilk wind.

8

80

83

50

s.w.

Clouds come fwiftly from
the fouth-v/eft.

10

78

83

61

s.w.

Scattered clouds.

12

80

85

64

s.v/.

Ditto.

2

82

■85

66

s.w.

Clouds here and there.

4

79

S5

64

s.w.

The fun glimpfes.

6

67

82

5^

s.w.

Ditto.

8

52

s.w.

Some clouds, nearly calm.

Air was admitted about 8 o'clock in the morning,
when I flopped the plants, thinned their leaves, and
fet the fruit in bloflbm. Between 5 and 6 in the af-
ternoon 1 gave the plants of each three-light frame
about half a hoglliead of water, which I poured
all over their leaves out of wide rofed water-pots;
but I poured on moft above the flues and againft the
fides of the frames ; the water was 64 degrees warm.
When the watering was finifhed the lights were fhut
clofe down, and covered up with about 4 inches thick
«)f hay and mats.

P ^ Tuefda^f

22S MANAGEMENT OF THB

Tue/day^ June 11, 1793.

UcMts. S.Th.

P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6

77

84 50 S.W. The fky is covered with
thin ftreaky clouds.

8

81

85 59 SW. Cloudy.

lO

82

85 63 S.W. Ditto.

12

85

86 66 S.W. The fun fliines.

2

S7

87 6^ S.W. Clouds here and there.

4

88

88 67 S.W. Ditto.

6

86

88 64 S.W. Cloudy, and nearly calm<(

9

—

— 55 S.W. Ditto.

The frames were uncovered about 6 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the afternoon about half
paft 5 with double mats. In the morning the plants
were flopped, their leaves thinned, and the fruit in
bloifom fet. Air was given at 7 o'clock in the morn-
ing, and continued till 5 in the afternoon, when the
lights were fhut down for the night.

Wednefday^ June 12, 1793.

Hpurs. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6

74

86

48

W.

Clear, and a brlik wind.

8

79

86

52

W.

Scattered clouds.

10

H

87

S7

w.

Cloudy.

12

89

88

65

N.W.

Light clouds.

2

86

88

64

N.W.

Ditto.

4

88

89

62

N.W.

Scattered clouds.

6

• —

59

N.W.

Ditto.

9

—

—

SS

N.W.

Cloudy, and nearly calm©

The frames were uncovered about 6 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up about half paft 5 with dou-
ble mats. In the morning I ftopped the plants,
thinned their leaves^ and fet the fruit in bloflbm. Air

"was

- of.ANTS. 229

was admitted from 7 o'clock till 3 in .- ^

when the plants were fprinkled with clean water, a..?

the lights fhut down for the night.

Thurfday, June 13, 1793*

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6

—

—

50

N. E. Cloudy, and a brilk wind.

8

80

87

95

N.E. Ditto.

10

83

87

58

N.E. Ditto.

|2

83

87

59

N. E. Light clouds.

n

80

87

59

N.E. Ditto

4

78

87

55

N.E. Cloudy, and a brifii gale

6

77

^7

5'^

N.E. Ditto. [of wind.

9

49

N. E. Ditto.

The frames were uncovered about 7 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up about 5 in the afternoon
with double mats. About noon the plants were flop**
ped, their leaves thinned, and the fruit in bloflbm
fet. Air was given at 8 o'clock in the morning, and
taken away at 3 in the afternoon. To-day I had a
new lining applied to the north fide of the bed. The
old lining being exhaufted, there was no heat in it,
but a warmth, and that derived from the fouth fide
lining ; therefore I had it all removed, except only
about fix inches of the top of it, which was not quite
exhaufted, and which I had laid in the foundation of
the new lining. The new lining was made of a mix*
ture of cow and horfe dung, which had lain in a heap
for a few days till it had become very warm.

P 3 Frlda^'i

-. OF THL

Friday^ June 143 1793- "

Kours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. V/iud.

6 72 84 46 N. Cloudy, and a brlfK gale of

8 74 84 48 N. Ditto. [wind.

10 85 8:; 54 N. J3kto.

^12 83 ^\6 38 N. Ditto.

i2 ,82 86 ^S7 ^^' ^'^"^•

4 83 86 55 N. The fun glimmers.

5 82 gy ss '^' ^^"^-

g — — 48 N. Cloudy, and nearly calm.

The frames were uncovered about 6 o'clock in the
niormng, and covered up about half pad 5 in the
afternoon with double mats. In ihe morning T Hop-
ped the plants, thinned their leaves, picked off the
young fruit where they were fet too thickj and fet the
fruit in blolfom,

Salurday, Jwie 15, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Whid.

N.V/. Thick clofe clouds cover
N.W. Ditto. [ihefky.

N.W. The fun appears faintly.
N.W. Ditto.

W. Sun(hine.

S.W. Ditto.

S. W. Gloomy ; the clouds look

S.W. Ditto. L™^y-

The frames were uncovered about 6 o'clock in the
morning, but no covering was put on for the night.
In the morning the plants were Hopped, their leaves
thinned, ?.nd. the fruit in bloflbm let. Ah was ad-
mitted about 9 o'clock in the morning, and continued
. till

6

72

85

45

8

72

85

48

10

io

85

54

12

83

86

61

2

87

88

60

4

89

89

61

6

84

89

55

8

79

89

5°

CUCUMBER PLANTS. 2^1

till between 4 and 5 in the afternoon, when the lights
were (hut down for the night. The north fide lining,
being funk, was raifed with frefh dung, and wa§
made rather higher than the furface of the earth on
the bed.

Sunday, J'une 16, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6

7-

86

5^

W. Light clouds, and a brilk

8

79

86

58

W. Ditto. [wind.

10

83

87

61

W. Ditto.

II

87

88

66

W. The fun fliines faintly.

I

88

89

yo

W. Ditto.

2

86

89

69

W. Ditto. •

4

80

89

66

W. Cloudy, and a brifK gale of

6

—

55

W. It rains a little. [wind.

9

—

—

53

W. Fair, cloudy.

Air w^as given about 8 o'clock in the morning, and
taken away at 4 in the afternoon. The frames were
covered up at 5 in the afternoon with double mats.

Monday, June 17, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. V/ind.

N.W. Cloudy, andabiiilcwind.
N.W. A light (Iiower of rain.
IT.W. The fun ghmpfes.
N.W. Scattered clouds, windy. ^

W. Ditto.

W. Flying clouds, windy.

W. Ditto.

V/. Clear, and a bnfK gale of
wind.

The frames were uncovered at 6 o'clock in the
P 4 morning,

6

15

83

5S

8

j6

88

.5^

10

S5

89

62

12

86

90

6i

1

70

7B

69

n

84.

84

67

A

86

86

64

9

~

—

5S

^3^ MANAGEMENT OF THE

morning, and covered up about half pad 5 in the
afternoon with double mats. In the morning the
plants were flopped, their leaves thinned, and the
fruit in blofibm fet. Between 1 2 and i o'clock I
gave the plants a good foaking of water about 62
degrees warm ; it was poured on all over their leaves
out of wide rofed water-pots. Air was given about
8 o'clock in the morning, and continued till 4 in the
?ifternoon, when the lights were fhut clofe do\vn for
the night.

Tuefday, Jtme 18, 1793.

Hours. S.7h. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6

73

89

45

N.W. Clear, and a ftrong gale;
of wind.

9
12

80

83
85

89
90

91

50
54
58

N.W. Scattered great clouds.
N.W. Ditto.
N.W. Ditto.

2

89

93

61

N.W. Light clouds.

5
9

85

93

59
53

N.W. Sunfliine.
N.W. Gloomy.

The frames were uncovered at 6 o'clock jn the
morning, and covered up about half pad 5 in the
afternoon with double mats. In the morning I flop-
ped the plants, thinned their leaves, and fet the
fruit in blofTom. Air was admitted between 8 and 9
o'clock in the morning, and continued till about 4 in
the afternoon, when the lights were fhut down for
^he night. *

Wcdnejllay^

CUCUMBER PLANTS. 23^

Wednefdayy June 19, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6 76 91 52 W. Cloudy ; there had been

a fhower in the night,

9 80 92 $6 W. A drizzling rain.

10 78 92 55 W, It rains gently.

12 88 93 55 W. The fun glimpfes,

3 86 93 51 N. A light fhower.

5 ^9 93 52 N. Scattered clouds.

^ — ^-. 4^ N. E. Cloudy, and nearly calm;

The frames were uncovered abou^t 6 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up at 5 in the afternoon with
double mats. In the afternoon the plants were flop-
ped, their leaves thinned, and the fruit in blolTom
fet. Air was admitted about 8 o'clock in the mornings
^nd taken away about half paft 4 in the afternoon.

Thurfday^ Jiine 20, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

5 — ..^ ^j ]SJ. Cloudy, and a cold wind.

7 76 91 49 N. Ditto.
10 76 91 50 N.W. Ditto.
12 78 91 ^o N.W. Ditto.

2 80 91 52 N.W. Ditto.

.|. 80 91 52 N.W. Ditto.

5 81 91 53 N.W. Thin clouds, nearly calm*

9 •— — 46 N.W. Ditto.

The frames were uncovered about 7 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up about half pall 5 in the
afternoon with mats. In the morning the plants were
Hopped, their leaves thinned, and the fruit inbloifom
fet. But little air was given in the day-time, and at

4 m

234 MANAGEMENT OF THE "

\

4 in the afterncon the lights were fliut down for the
night. The north fide lining, being funk, was raifed
with new dung.

Friday^ June 21, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. I.Th. Thcr. VVmJ.

N. . Clear, and nearly calm.

N. The fun lliines faintly,
N.W. Scattered clouds.
N.W. Sunfiiine.
N.W. Scattered light clouds.

V/. Ditto.

V/. Ditto.

\V. Some clouds, nearly calm.

The frames were uncovered at 6 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up about 5 in the af"ternoon
with mats. In the morning I (lopped the plants,
thinned their leaves, and fct the fruit in blolTom.
Air was admitted at 8 o'clock in the morning, and
increafed plentifully, and a little Idi at each light all
night.

6

72

89

45

8

82

89

SI

10

90

90

56

II

98

92

to

12

90

92,

63

0

88

93

64

4

85

9?,

H

9

SS

r-rh

cv»

batiirday, junc 22, 1793.-

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6 — — 50 Vf. Cloudy, and abrifkgale

8 70 88 53 W. Ditto. [of wind.

10 70 88 1^5 N.W. A hght fliower.

12 84 ^c) 58 N.W. Cloudy.

2 85 90 60 N.W. Ditto.

4 ^3 9'^ 59 N.W. The fun glimpfes.

.8 — — 53 N. Gloomy.

The frames were uncovered abotit 8 o'clock in the

CUCUMBER PLANTS. 2 K

morning, asd covered up between 5 and 6 in the
afternoon with double mats. In the morning the
plants were flopped, their leaves thinned, the weeds
picked out, and the fruit in bloffom fet. Air was
continued day and night. 'About 1 1 o'clock to each
three-light frame of plants I gave about half a hogfhead
of water, which was from 60 to 6^ degrees warm ;
mod: of it was poured on above the flues and
againft the fides of the frames, but the leaves of the
plants were wetted as little as poflible. To-day we
gathered ilrawberries in the open ground for the firfl
time this feafon.

Swiday^ yune 23, 1793.

flours

. S.Th.

P.Th.

l her.

wind.

6

73

89

45

N.W.

Clear, and a brlllv gale of

10

85

90

57

NW.

Scattered clouds, [wind.

ji

88

9^

57

N W.

Sunfnine.

I

90

93

62

N.W.

Scattered clouds.

1

86

93

61

N.W.

Ditto.

6

80

93

6j

N.W.

Ditto.

8

73

92

55

N.W.

Cloudy, calm.

The frames were uncovered abooL half paft 6 in
the morning, and they were left uncovered all night.
Air was continued day and night.

Mondaj'y

f^S MANAGBMLNT OF THE

Monday^ Jime 24, 1793.

Ifwrs.

S.Th.

P.Th.

. Tlicr.

, Wind

6

70

88

5^

w.

Cloudy, and a few drops of
rain fall.

8

72

8S

55

w.

Cloudy, gloomy.

10

80

S9

62

w.

The fun glimpfes.

12

74

89

62

w.

A fmali rain.

C!..

73

89

50

w.

Ditto. [of wind.

4

75

89

57

w.

Cloudy, and a brifk gale

a

53

w.

Cloudy, nearly calm.

In the morning the plants were flopped, their
leaves thhmed, and the fruit In bioiibm fet. The
linings, being funk, were raifed all round with frefh
dung. The lights were covered up between 5 and 6
o*clock in the afternoon with double mats. Air wavS
admitted till 4, and then the lights were fhut dowu
till 8 o'clock in the evening, when a little a,ir "vvas ad-
initte4 at each light for the night.

rucfuaj, June 25, 1793,

il:&urs. S.Th. P.Th. Then Wird.

6

7k>

88

53 W. Cloudy.

S

76

83

59 W. Scattered clouds.

30

82

90

68 W. Ditto,

13

B4

90

71 W. Cloudy, and nearly calrru

2

82

90

70 W. Gloomy,

?^,

81

9^

69 W. Ditto.

6.

77

9^

63 S.W. Ditto.

9

^y S.W. Ditto.

The frames vvere uncovered at 6 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up about 6 in the afternoon
with fingle mats. In the morning the plants were

flopped 5

CUCUMBER PLANTS. 23^

flopped, their leaves thinned, and the fruit in blof*
fom fet. Air was continued day and night,

Wednefday^ Ji/jie 26, i793»

■'To\us. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6 6 J 88 58 W. Cloudy, and a briHc wind ^

there had been a light
rain in the night.
Cloudy, and a briik wind.
Scattered clouds.
Ditto.
W. Sunfhine.

Scattered clouds •
Sunfhine.
Ditto.
W. Clear, zi\d. a briik wind.

The frames were uncovered about 6 o'clock in the
morning, and left without covering all right. In the
morning the plants were flopped, their leaves thin-
ned, and the fruit in blolTom fet. Plenty of air was
given all day, and fome left all night. The liningSj;
being funk, were raifed with long dung.

8

73

83

63

\V.

io

84

89

69

w.

12

85

go

7'

w,

rt

84

91

72,

\v.

■3

84

91

72

w.

4.

8.3

91

74

w.

6

80

9'

67

w,

9

—

—

59

w,

Thur/day, June. 27 y 1793.

ours, StTh.

P.Th. Ther.

, Wind.

5 62

87 49

W. Clear, and a briik windy

8 80

88 s^

W, Scattered light clouds.

10 85

90 69

W. Ditto.

12 88

91 73

W. Ditto.

z 85

92 74

S.W. Ditto.

3 ^^

92 75

S.W. Ditto,

4 82

92 71

S.W. Ditto.

9 —

- 56

S.W. Clear, and nearly calni.

About

noon the j

plants were gone over and flop-
2 ped^

23^ MANAGEMENT OF THE .

ped, their leaves thinned, and the fruit in blofTonl
fet, and at 3 o'clock water about 7 2 degrees warm
was poured in all round the fides of the frames. Air
was admitted plentifully till 5 in the afternoon, when
the lights were fliut down till 8, and then aiittle air
was given for the night.

Friday, June 28, 1793.

Heurs. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

S.W. Thin clouds.

S.W. Ditto,

S.W. Showery- like clouds.

S.W. Cloudy, and a brifk gale

ofwind.
S.W. Light clouds.
S.W. Sunfhine.
S.W. Thin clouds cover the Iky*
S.W. Ditto.

In the morning the plants were (topped, their leaves
thinned, and the fruit in bloflbm fet. Air was con-
tinued till 5 in the afternoon, when the lights were
fhut down till 9, and then a little air was admitted
for the night. At 6 o'clock in the evening the frames
were covered up with fingle mats.

6

68

87

56

8

74

88

60

10

80

89

63

12

BS

90

67

2

89

91

71

4'

86

92

68

6

—

65

9

—

—

56

Saturday i

6

76

9'

56

8

76

91

58

lO

77

91

62

12

76

91

64

2

82

92

65

4

90

93

67

9

—

55

CUCUMBER PLANTS. 239

Saturday^ 'June 29, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Thcr. Wind.

S. Cloudy, and a ftrong gale

S. Ditto. [of wind.

S. Light fhowers.

S. Flying clouds, and a ftrong
S.W. Ditto. [g3.1e of wind.

S.W. Sunfliine, wandy.
S.W. Cloudy and windy.

The frames were uncovered at 6 o'clock in the
morning. In the forenoon the plants were ftopped,
their leaves thinned, and the fruit in blolTom fet.
Air was continued day and night.

Sunday J June 30, 1793.

. Hears. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Whid.

6 71 89 55 W. Cloudy, and a ftrong gale

of wind.

8 70 90 60 W. Flying clouds, windy.
10 80 90 6^ W. Ditto.

12 85 91 69 W. A light ftiower of rain.

2 83 92 6i W. Windy, and flying clouds.

5 82 92 66 W, Ditto.

9 — — 5^ W. Cloudy, the wind is fallen.

Air was continued all day, and the lights were
fliut down all night.

Monday,

6

75

90

58

8

76

90

60

10

8o

90

6a

12

76

92

70

2

78

92

68

4

80

92

(>1

9

—

56

0,j\.Orj MANAGEMENT Ot? THE

Monday, July i, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

S.W. Cloudy and windyi

S.W. Ditto.

S.W. A drizzling rain.

S.W. Light clouds.

S.W. A fmall fliower.

S.W. Scattered clouds,

S.W. Clear, and nearly calm.

In the mol-ning the plants were flopped, their leaves
thinned, and the fruit in bloflbm fet. Air was ad-
mitted at 6 o'clock in the morning, and continued
day and night*

Tuefday, July 2, 1793.

Hburs. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6 69 88 53 W. Light clouds j and a brlfi^

wind.

8 78 88 58 W. Windy and cloudy.

10 72 89 62^ W. Ditto.

12 8q 90 70 W. Scattered clouds, \vindy>

I 81 91 71 W. Ditto.

'Z 80 91 69 W. Ditto.

5 71 91 66 W. Sunihine, windy.

g — — j^ "W. Clear, and nearly calm.

In the morning the plants were flopped, their leaves
thinned, and the fruit in blofTom fet. Air was ad-
Jhitted all the day plentifully, and a little left at each
light all night*

Wednefdaj

CUCUMBER PLANTS. 24I

Wednefdajy July 3, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6

68

87

51

W.

Clear, and a brilk wind.

8

80

88

58

W.

Sunfhine.

10

S5

89

67

W.

Scattered clouds.

12

^5

91

73

W.

Ditto.

I

83

92

76

W.

The air is overcafl.

2

82

92

74

W.

Thin clouds cover the

3

83

92

75

s.w.

Ditto. [iky.

4

80

-92

74

s.w.

Ditto.

6

75

91

68

s.w.

Ditto.

9

60

s.w.

Cloudy, and abrific wind.

In the morning the plants were flopped, their leaves
thinned, and the fruit in bloflbm fet. About 4 o'clock
in the afternoon water 6^ degrees warm was poured
againfl: the fides of the frames all round about, to
moiften the flues and fweeten the air. Air was con-
tinued all day, and a little left all night,

Tbur/day, July 4, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

Cloudy, and a brifk wind.
A few drops of rain falL
Ditto.

Cloudy and windy.
Ditto.

The fun glimmers.
Ditto.
S.W. Cloudy, and a flrong gale
of wind.

To-day about noon I had about two inches thick of
leaf mould fifted fine, laid over all the furface of
the bed among the plants ; it was laid in with the

Q^ • hand

6

67

87

57

S.W,

8

78

88

62

S.W.

10

80

89

69

s w.

TI

78

88

71

S.w.

12

77

88

69

s.w.

2

80

85

73

s.w.

4

78

86

71

s.w.

6

85

87

69

s.w.

242 MANAGEMENT OF THE

hand carefully, and many of the oldeft fhoots were
covered with it ; When that was done I gave the
plants a moderate watering all over their leaves, with
water about 66 degrees warm. Air was given till 4
o'clock^ when the lights were fhut down till 6, and
then a little air was admitted, and the lights covered
up for the night with double mats. The linings be-
ing funk below the upper courfe of bricks were
raifed with moid dung,

Friday, July 5, 1795,

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

S.W. Thin clouds, and a brifk
S.W. Ditto. [gale of wind.
S.W. Sunfhine, and a ftrong

gale of wind,
S.W. Scattered clouds, windy.
S.W. Ditto.
S.W. Ditto.
S.W, Ditto.
S.W. Ditto.
S.W. Clear, and nearly calm.

The frames w^re uncovered at 6 o'clock in the
morning, and then the plants were flopped, their
leaves thinned, and the fruit in bloifom fet. Air was
admitted plentifully all day till 8 o'clock in {he
evening, when the lights were fhut clofe down for the
night.

6

75

87

61

8

79

87

67

0

83

88

75

f2

90

90

8i

I

89

91

78

2

94

92

80

4

92

C2

80

5

88

92

78

8

82

92

70

Saturday^

CUCUMBER PLANTSt 243

Saturday^ July 6, 1793,

kburs. S.Th. P.Th. Then Wind.

6

78

90

63

W.

Foggy low clouds, a brilk
wind, and no dew.

8

80

90

68

W.

Bright funfliine, and a

10

88

92

80

w.

Ditto. [brilk wind.

11

90

93

83

w.

Ditto.

12

93

94

85

s.w.

Ditto.

I

96

95

84

s.w.

Ditto.

2

99

96

84

s.w.

Small clouds here and
there, nearly calm.

4

87

96

86

s.w.

Ditto.

4*

96

96

88

s.w.

Ditto,

6

86

95

80

s.w.

Clear and calm.

9

—

71

s.w.

Ditto.

in the morning the plants were flopped, their leaves
thinned, and the fruit in bloflbm fet. Air was plen-
tifully admitted all day, and fome left all night. Be-
tween 5 and 6 in the afternoon I gave to each frame
of plants 6 fmall pots of water y^ degrees warm,
which I poured all over their leaves in imitation of a
fliower of rain. To-day we gathered cherries for the
firft time this fummer j they grew on an eafi: afped,
but the tree is planted on the weft fide of the wall,
and its branches are trained over the w^all on the eafl
fide, and there the fruit ripens before thofe on the
fame tree, on the weft afped.

0^2 Sunday,

244 MANAGEMENT OF THE

Sunday, July 7, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6 yy 92 65 S. Brightfunihine,notacloud

8 88 93 72 S» Ditto. [tobefeen.
10 89 94 83 S. Sunfhine.

3 2 90 95 87 S.W. Ditto.

I 91 95 89 S.W. Ditto.

^ 90 95 90 S.W. Ditto.

4 93 96 8(5 S.W Ditto.

5 95 96 86 S.W. Ditto.

9 ' — — 75 W. Clear, and nearly calm.

Air was admitted plentifully day and night. The
plants were fhaded from about 1 1 o'clock till between
2 and 3 in the afternoon with thin mats.

,

M^nday, July 8, 1793.

Hours.

, S.Th.

P.Th.

Ther. Wind.

6

76

93

63 N. E. Clear, and nearly calm.

8

84

94

6() N. E. Light flying foggy clouds.'

.10

92

94

80 N. E. Sunfliine, and a briik gale

12

105

96

82 N. E. Ditto. [of wind.

a.

102

98

80 N.E. Ditto.

4

95

98

80 N.E. Ditto.

6

82

97

74 N.E. Ditto.

9

•^-

62 N. E. Clear, and a brifk gale of
wind.

In the morning the plants were flopped, their
leaves thinned, and the fruit in bloffom fet. Air
was given all day plentifully, but the lights were fhut
down in the evening for the night. To-day the
v/ater in the fprings lowered the thermometer to 50.

Tuefday

CUCUMBER PLANTS. ^45

ruefday, July 9, 1793.

fJours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6 77 92 60 E. Thick foggy clouds, and a

brifk gale of wind.

8 84 93 70 E. Sunihine, windy.

9 7^ 11 72 ^- Ditto.
10 82 84 74 E. Ditto.
12 95 87 76 E. Ditto.

2 92 90 75 E. Ditto.

4 90 91 73 E. Ditto.

5 82 91 72 E. Ditto.

9 — — 61 E. Clear, and a brifk wind.

Between 8 and 9 o'clock in the morning the plants
were well watered with water 67 degrees warm. It
was poured all over their leaves out of wide rofed
water-pots ; to each three-light frame was given about a
hogfhead. Air was given all day, till 5 o'clock in
the afternoon, when the lights were ihut down for the
night.

Wednefday^ July 10, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

E. Foggy, and nearly calm.

E. The fog becomes thin.

E. Sunfhine.

E. Ditto.

E. Ditto.

E. Ditto.

E. Ditto.

E. Clouds here and there.

In the morning the plants were flopped, their leaves

thinned, and the fruit in blofTom fet. Air was given

all day plentifully, and fome left all night at every

light,

Q^ 3 Thurfday^

s

74

91

57

6

77

91

62

8

84-

92

71

10

96

93

80

12

9+

94

84

a

94

95

85

5

93

95

79

9

—

—

62

246 MANAGEMENT OF THE

Thurfday, July 11, 1793.

Hours.

S.Th.

P.Th.

Ther.

Wind.

6

77

93

65

N.E.

Cloudy in the fouth and
well:, and clear in the
north and eaft.

S

84

93

72

N.E.

Clouds here and there.

10

94

94

80

N.E.

Sunftiine, and a gentle
breeze of wind.

12

100

95

82

E.

Ditto.

2

95

96

81

E.

t)itto.

5

90

96

77

E.

Clouds here and there.

7

86

95

74

E.

Ditto.

9

—

67

E.

Clear, and nearly calm.

In the morning the plants were flopped, their
leaves thinned, and the fruit in bloflbm fet. Air was
admitted till between 5 and 6 in the afternoon, when
the plants were gently watered all over their leave^
with water 77 degrees warm, and then the lights
were ihut clofe down.

Friday, July 12, 1793.

Hours. S.th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6 77 92 6t N. E. Clear, and a gentle air of

wind.

8 89 93 72 N.E. Sunfhine, and a brifk gale

10 95 94 80 N.E. Ditto. [of wind.

12 92 96 85 N.E. Ditto.

2 90 96 84 N. E. Ditto.

4 91 96 81 N.E. Ditto.

5 85 96 78 N-E. Ditto.

7 7^ 95 72 N.E. Ditto.

5 •— — - 64 N. E. Clear and calm.

In the morning the plants were flopped, their

leaves

CUCUMBER PLANTS. 247

leaves thinned, and the fruit in bloffom fet. The
plants were fhaded with thin mats from between 1 1
and 12 o'clock till about half pad 2 in the afternoon.
Air was admitted day and night plentifully.

Saturday, July 13, 1793.

Hours. S.Tb. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

5 66 90 55 E. Calm, and not a cloud to be

feen.
E. Bright funfliine.
E, Sunfhine, and a brifk gale of
E, Ditto. [wind,

E. Ditto.
E. Ditto.
E. Ditto.
E. Clear and calm.

In the morning the plants were flopped, their leaves
thinned, and the fruit in bloffom fet. About 7
o'clock in the morning I poured water 68 degrees
warm, againft the fides of the frames all round about,
to moiften and fweeten the flues. Air was admitted
plentifully all day, and continued all night. The
plants were fhaded with thin mats^ from about 1 2
o'clock till 2 in the afternoon. To-day we ga-
thered ripe goofeberries for the firft tim^ this fum-
mero

6

67

90

S7

8

80

9«

68

io

84

92

80

12

87

92,

82

2

88

94

81

4

90

95

79

8

72

94

^5

Q^ 4 Sunday 3

2"48 MANAGEMENT OF THE

Sunday, July 14, 1793.

Hours,, S/rh,.,P.Th. Ther. Wind.

5 ^^. ^9 S3 N. E. Bright funfhine, nearly

calm. [wind.

8 y6 89 65 N. E. Sunfhine, and a brifk
10 90 90 74- N. E. Ditto.

12 95 91 82 N E. Bright funfhine.

I 96 91 81 N. E. Ditto.

3 94 93 So N. E. Ditto.

5-90 94. 78 E. Ditto.

9 • — — 60 E.

The plants were Ihaded with thin mats from about
noon till between 2 and 3 o'clock in the afternoon.
Air was continued night and day.

Monday i July 15, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

5

62

88

SS

E. Clear and calm.

8

80

89

68

E. Bright funfhine.

10

85

90

77

E. Ditto.

12

98

92

82

E. Light high clouds here and

■v2

94

93

81

E. Ditto. [there.

4.

90

93

82

E. Sunfhine.

9

61

E. Clear and calm.

The plants were gone over in the morning and
flopped, their leaves thinned, and the fruit in blof-
fom fet. Air was given plentifully all day, and con-
tinued all night.

Tiiefday,

5

6i

88

53

8

8;

90

73

lo

89

91

81

12

8j

91

87

2

86

9'

90

4

85

91

87

7

82

92

78

9

-—

—

72

CUCUMBER PLANTS. ^49

Tuefday^ July 16, I793«

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

S. E. Clear and calm.

S. Sunfnine, nearly calm.
S.W. Ditto.
S.W. Thin high clouds, and a

brifk gale of wind.
S.W. Sunfhine.
S.W. Ditto.

S.W. Thin flreaky clouds.
S. Clouds in the horizon.

In the morning the plants were flopped, their leaves
thinned, and the fruit in bloflbm fet. Between
S and 9 o'clock in the morning I gave the plants, a
gentle watering with water about 65 degrees warm;
it was given all over their leaves, but moft: was pour-
ed on above the flues. The plants were fhaded with
thin mats from about 1 1 o'clock till between 2 and 3
in the afternoon. Air was admitted all day plenti-
fully, and fome left all night. To-day we gathered
rafpberries and currants for the firii: time this feafon.

Wednefday^ 'July 17, 1793.

Ther. Wind.

S.W. Clear, and a brifk wind.
S.W. Light flying clouds.
S.W. The air is overcafl.
S.W. The fun glimmers.
S.W. Flying light clouds.
S.W. Ditto.

S.W. Clouds in the horizon ;
nearly calm.
^ _ ^- 6j; S.W. The moon appears faintly.

Inthemorningtheplants were goneover andftopped,

their

6

66

88

59

8

78

88

68

10

76

88

72

12

81

89

78

2

87

90

80

4

88

91

78

7

78

91

71

t^O MANAGEME«T OF THE

their leaves thinned, and the fruit in bloffom fet^
Plenty of air was continued day and night.

Thurfday, July i8, 1793.

Jlrmrs. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. V/ind.

6 7p 88 60 S.W. Cloudy; there had been

a fhower of rain in the
night.

8 75 88 64 S.W. Gloomy.
12 79 87 72 S.W, Cloudy; it looks rainy,

■2 74 87 6^ W. A drizzling rain.

4 73 87 64 W. It has rained gently fiiice

2 o'clock.

6 71 87 62 W. Fair, cloudy.

^ . — — j6 W. Clear, and a briik wind.

In the morning the plants were flopped, theiy
leaves thinned, and the fruit in bloffom fet. Between
9 and 10 o'clock in the morning the plants were
gently watered all over their leaves with water about
65 degrees v/arm. Air was continued all day, and ^
little left all night.

Friday, July 19, 1793.

J^ours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6 70 84 57 W. A heavy fhower of rain,.

8 71 84 58 W. Cloudy, and a brifk windL
10 74 81 65 W. Ditto.

12 91 82 68 W. The fun glimmers.

2 90 83 72 SW. Scattered clouds.

4 87 85 70 S.W. Ditto.^

6 82 85 68 S.W. Ditto.

9 — — 55 S.W. Clouds here and there.

In the morning the plants were flopped, their

leaver

CUCUMBER PLANTS, ^51

leaves thinned, and the fruit in blofTom fet. Between
8 and 9 o'clock in the morning the plants were
well watered with water 63 degrees warm ; it was
poured on all over their leaves and furface of the bed,
but moft was let fall above the flues. But little air
was admitted in the day-time, and about half pafi: 5
in the afternoon the lights were fliut clofe down, and
covered up with double mats for the night.

Saturday^ July 20, 1793.

Hours. S.Tk P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6 72 86 52 W. Cloudy, and a brifkwindv

9 7S ^^ 59 ^' I^itto.

10 82 87 6;^ W. Scattered great clouds.

12 79 87 59 N.W. Light fhowers.

2 84 88 63 N.W. Showery clouds,

4 82 88 56 N.W. Gentle fhowers.

6 — — 57 N.W. Showery clouds ; nearly

calm

p — — . ^2 N.W. Clear, and plni.

The frames were uncovered about 6 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up juft before 6 in the after-
noon with double mats. In the forenoon the plants
were flopped, their leaves thinned, and the fruit in
blofTom fet. Air was admitted about 8 o'clock in the
morning, and continued till about 5 in the afternoon,
•when the lights were fhut down for the night.

Sundav^

^^2 MANAGEMENT OF THE

Sunday y July 21, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.TK. Ther. Wind.

6

74

86

50

W.

Sunfhine, calm.

8

80

86

55

N.W.

Clouds here and there.

10

94

88

62

N.W.

Scattered fmoky-like

12

88

89

65

N.W.

Ditto. [clouds.

2

92

90

67

N.W.

Ditto.

5

81

90

66

N.W.

Cloudy, and nearly calm.

9

—

5^

N.W.

Ditto.

6

79

89

54

8

81

89

60

0

78

86

68

2

85

88

73

2

82

89

73

4

82

89

71

The frames were uncovered about 6 o'clock in
the morning, and covered up in the evening with
double mats. Air was given at 8 o'clock in the
morning, and taken away about 5 in the afternoon.

Monday, July 22, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Whid.

S. W. Cloudy, and a brifk wind.

S.W. Ditto.

S.W. Ditto.

S.W.' The fun glimmers.

S.W. Ditto.

S.W. Light clouds, and a brifk
wind.

^ — — c;p S.W. Cloudy, nearly calm.

The frames were uncovered at 6 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up about 6 in the afternoon
with double mats. In the morning the plants were
flopped, their leaves thinned, and thefruit^in blofTom
fet. Between 8 and 9 o'clock in the morning I gave
to each three- light frame about half a hogfhead of
water, which was 60 degrees vi^arm, and I poured it
all over the leaves of the plants, and on every part
of the infides of the frames. Air was given at 8

o'clock

CUCUMBER PLANTS. 253

o'clock In the morning, and taken away at 4 in the
afternoon.

Tuefday, July 23, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.'

6

78

89

60

S. Thick foggy clouds come
from the fouth.

8

82

89

66

S. Light fliowers.

10

83

89

68

S. Gloomy.

12

84

90

7'

S.W. Ditto.

2

8j

90

68

S.W. Cloudy, and nearly calm.

4

80

90

68

S.W. Ditto.

9

—

62

S.W. Ditto.

T he frames were uncovered at 6 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with fmgle
mats. In the forenoon the plants were flopped,
their leaves thinned, and the fruit in bloflbm fet.
Air was admitted in the morning, and continued day
and night.

Wedne/day, July 24, 1793.

rTours,

. S.Th.

P.Th. rher.

Wind.

6

78

90 61

S.W. Thick foggy clouds come
from the fouth-weft.

8

80

90 68

S W. Scattered light large

10

K8

91 73

S.W. Ditto. [clouds.

12

95

92 :9

S.W. Ditto.

I

96

92 80

S.W. Ditto.

2

99

94 78

W. Cloudy, and nearly calm.

4

94

94 78

W. Ditto.

7

—

— 7i

S. Ditto.

9

—

- 67

S. Clear and calm.

Jhe frames were uncovered at 6 o'clock in the

morning.

6

77

91

63

8

»o

91

68

lO

86

9'

72

12

85

91

78

2.

83

87

76

4

83

88

78

6

80

89

74

9

—

—

63

2ji'4 ' MANAGEMENT OF THE

morning, and covered up In the evening with rnatg^
In the morning the plants were flopped, their leaves
thinned, and the fruit In bloflbm fet Air was con»
tinued all day, and a finger-breadth left all night at
every light.

Thurfiay^ 'July 25, i793»

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

S.W. Cloudy, and a btiik wind.

S.W. Ditto.

S.W. Cloudy, and near calm*

W. Glooipy.

W. The fun glimmers.
S.W. Sunfhine.
S.W. Clouds here and there.
S.W. Clear and calm.

The frames were uncovered at 6 o'clock In the
morning, and then the plants were gone over and
Hopped, their leaves thinned, and the fruit In blof-
fom fet. Between 12 and i o'clock the plants
were watered all over their leaves with water about
70 degrees warm. Air was given day and night
plentifully.

Friday^ July 26, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

Speckled thin clouds.
Clouds here and there^
The fun fhines faintly.
Scattered clouds.
Ditto.
Ditto.
S.W. Cloudy, and nearly calm^

In the morning the plants were flopped, their leaves

thinned.

6

68

86

60

S.W.

8

76

86

70

S.W.

10

82

87

73

S.W.

12

85

88

77

S.W.

I

85

89

79

S W.

3

83

89

78

S.W.

4

79

89

75

S.W.

CUCUMBER PLANTS. 2.^^

tiiinned, and the fruit in bloffom fet. Air was
given plentifully day and night. To-day I began
to cut cucumbers from plants which were raifed in
the fpring in a hot-bed, and planted out on a ridge
of warm dung under hand-lights. The plants are
remarkably flrong and healthy, and have the appear-
ance of f>roducing a plentiful crop. The water in
the fprings lowered the thermometer to-day to 52*
This morning we began to reap rye, and alfo peafe.

Saturday^ July 27, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

E. Foggy, and a brifk air of
S. E. It begins to rain. [wind.
S. E. It continues to rain.
S. E. It rains gently.
S. E, It rains heavily.
S. E. Ditto.
S.E. Ditto.
N. E. It rains a little.

Between 8 and 9 o'clock in the morning the lights
w^ere taken oiFthe plants to let the rain fall on them^
and at i o'clock they were put on again, and a little
air admitted till 8 o'clock in the evening, v/hen the
lights were fhut down for the night.

6

76

86

62

8

73

86

62

10

67

85

61

12

66

84

71

2

70

84

60

4

72

84

60

6

68

85

58

8

65

85

54

Sunday^

256 MANAGEMENT OF THE

Sunday^ July 28, 1793.

^ours

. S.Th.

P.Th.

Ther.

Wind.

6

68

83

52

N.E.

Gloomy, and a few drops
of rain fall.

8

74

84

51

N.E.

Light fliowers.

10

77

84

57

N.E,

Ditto.

12

79

85

63

N.E.

Cloudy, andabrifkwind.'

4

74

85

59

N.E.

Ditto.

8

55

N.

Ditto.

Air- was admitted at 8 o'clock in the morning, aiiid
continued day and night.

Monday^ July 29, 1793.

fiours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6

63

83

50

N.W.

Cloudy, and abrilkwind.

8

69

83

54

N.W.

Cloudyjand nearly calm

10

72,

83

57

N.W.

Ditto.

12

81

84

63

N.W.

Ditto.

2

82

85

64

W.

Sunfliine.

3

85

85

66

W.

Scattered clouds.

5

70

85

63

W.

Sunfliine.

9

52

w.

Clear and calm.

In the morning the plants were flopped, their
leaves thinned, and the fruit in bloflbm fet. Air was
Gontinued day and night.

Tusfdayy

CUCUMBER PLANTS*

^'S?

Tucfday, July 30, 1793.

Hours

. S.Th.

P.Th. ther.

wind.

6

6i

82 51

S. Clear, tind nearly calm*

8

70

B2 57

S.W. Sunihine.

lO

77

82 6s

S.W. Scattered clouds.

12

84

84 70

S W. Ditto.

2

80

84 69

S.W. Great clouds, and a brifk
gale of wind.

4

79

84 70

S.W. Scattered clouds.

7

69

84 63

S.W. Ditto.

In the morning the plants were flopped, their leaves
tkinned, and the fruit in bloffom fet. Air was con*
tlnucd day and night.

Wednefday^ July 31, 1793.

IJoms. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6 67 82 .S7 S.W. Cloudy; there had been

rain in the night.
S.W. Showers of raiii.
S.W. The fun glimmers.
S.W. Showery.
S.W. Light clouds.
S.W. Scattered clouds.
S.W. Cloudy.
S.V7. Light clouds.
S.W. Clear, and nearly calm.

In the morning the plants were gone over and
(topped, their leaves thinned^ and the fruit in blof-
fom fet. The linings were raifed with frefh dung
rather higher than the fufface of the mould in the
frames. Air was given plentifully till 5 o'clock in
the afternoon, whe> the lights were Ihutclofe down,
and covered up with mats for the night.

R 'Tburfday^

8

70

82

70

0

80

82

70

2

82

83

66

I

84

84

73

0

87

85

72

4

86

86

69

5

84

86

68

8

—

—

59

^5^

MANAGEMENT Of THE

Thurfday^ Augujl i, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. THer. Wind.

6 71 85 52 S.W. Bright funfhine, nearly

8 80 ^S 59 ^'^^' ^^^^^- ^^^^"^^

10 85 86 66 S.W. Scattered fmall clouds.

12 88 87 73 W. Ditto.

a 88 88 73 W. Ditto.

4 86 88 77. W. Ditto.

6 79 87 68 W. Sunfliine. [wind.

8 74 86 6i W. Thin clouds, and a brilk

In the morning the plants were flopped, their
leaves thinned, and the fruit in bloffom fet. Air was
admitted at 8 o'clock in the morning, and continued
till 8 o'clock in the evening, when the lights were
fhut down for the night. The frames were uncover-
ed about 6 in the morning, and covered up about
6 in the evening with double mats*

Friday, Auguji 2, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6 68 85 62 S.W. Clear, and a briik wind.

8 84 86 85 S.W. Sunlhine.

10 86 87 71 SW. Scattered clouds.

12 87 87 76 S.W. Ditto.

2 96 88 75 S.W. SuFxiliine.

3 92 88 77 S. E. Ditto.

4 85 88 74 S. E. Ditto.
6 79 88 70 E. Ditto

8 — 62 E. Thin clouds.

The frames were uncovered ^.bout 6 o'clock in the'
morning, and covered up about 6 in the evening

with

6

72

86

59

8

87

88

67

lo

87

88

77

12

85

88

78

I

82

89

79

3

81

89

78

4

82

89

77

6

76

82

74

8

—

69

CUCUMBER PtANTS. 259

'With double mats. In the morning the plants were
flopped, their leaves thinned, and the fruit in blof*.
fom fet. Air was given about 8 o'clock in the morn-
ing, and taken away about 6 o'clock in the after-
noon.

Saturday, Auguji n^, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

E. Clouds here and there.
S.E, Scattered clouds.
S.E. Ditto.
vS.E. Ditto.
S.E. Sunfhine.
S.E. Thin clouds.
S.E. Ditto.

S. E. Cloudy, and nearly calm„
S. Great thundry confufed-
like clouds arife from
every quarter.
9 — — 66 S* It rains and thunders, and

great flafhes of light-
ning appear.

The frames were uncovered about 7 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up juft before 6 in the after-
noon with double mats. The plants were gone over
and flopped, their leaves thinned, and the fruit in
bloffom fet. Air was admitted at 8 o'clock in the
morning, and continued till between 5 and 6 ia the
afternoon, when I gave the plants a plentiful w^ter*
ing with water j^ degrees warm, and then fliut the
lights down for the night.

R a Sunday^

26o MANAGEMENT OF THE

Sunday, Jugujl 4, 1793,

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

7 78 87

8 82 87
10 81 88
12 83 88

I 79 88

3 79 S8

5 78 88

8 — —

The frames were uncovered at 7 o'cloc^k in the
morning, aiid covered up between 5 and 6 in the af-
ternoon with double mats. Air was given about
8 o'clock in the morning, and taken away about 5 in
the afternoon.

Monday y Augufi 5, ^793'

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

60

S.W.

Thin clouds, and a brifk
gale of wine.

66

s.w.

Flying clouds, windy.

70

S.W.

The fun glimmers.

71

s.w.

Ditto.

70

s.w.

Cloudy.

70

s.w.

Ditto.

64

s.w.

It rains gently.

59

s.w.

Gloomy.

6

76

87

57

S.W.

A thick fog, nearly calm.

8

77

87

62

s.w.

Foggy clouds.

10

82

88

67

s.w.

Scattered clouds.

12

87

88

72

s.w.

Surifhine.

a

89

90

73

s.w.

Ditto.

4

90.

90

70

s.w.

Flying light clouds.

S

84

90

65

s.w.

Showers of rain^ and
gufts of wind.

8

_,

-—

.'^^

s.w.

Clear and calm.

The frames were uncovered about 6 o'clock in
the morning, and covered up at 6 in the evening with
fmgle mats. In the morning the plants were (lopped,

their

CUCUMBER PLANTS. 56l

^helr leaves thinned^ and the fruit in bloflbm fct.
Air was given a little before 8 o'clock in the morn-

ing, and continued day and night.

Tuefda)', Auguft 6, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6 72 87 55 W. Clear, and a brilk wind.

8 84 87 59 W. Sunfhine.

10 85 88 64 W. Scattered light clouds.

J I 89 90 68 W. Sunfhine.

2 87 90 72 W. Scattered fmali clouds.

4 89 90 72 W. Ditto.

5 82 90 68 W. Ditto.

8 — . — 60 W. Clear and calm.

The frames were uncovered at 6 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up between 5 and 6 in the
evening with double mats. In the forenoon the
plants were flopped, their leaves thinned, and the
fruit in bloffom £et. Air was continued till about
7 o'clock in the evening, when the lights were fhut
clofe down for the night. The dung of the linings
having become rather dry and hufky, I had them
well watered. To-day the water in the fprings
lowered the thermometer to 54 degrees.

R 3 fFednefday^

6

75

89

52

8

83

88

60

lO

85

89

67

12

88

90

74

2

83

90

71

4

80

90

62

4l

80

90

58

S^i MAt^AG^MENT OF THE

Wedmfday^ Auguji j^ I793«

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

S.W. Clear ; there is a greac

S.W. Sunfhine, [dew.

S.E. Ditto.

S. E, The fun glimmers through
light clouds.

S. E. Cloudy ; it looks rainy.

S. E. It rains and thunders.
N. E, A heavy fliower of hail
and rain.

6 76 90 58 N. Gloomy. Great thick

clouds come from the
weft, and others come
from the eaft, and mix
with them; and quick-
ly the wind turns to the
weft, and then a large
black cloud goes over to
the eaft, and it becomes
fo dark for about a
quarter of an hour, that
a clear-fighted perfon
canfcarceiyfee toreado
^ .^ •.^ ^7 "W. It has rained and thunder-
ed fnice 6 o'clock, with
ftrong gufts of wind
accompanying.
S .-.. ..— 56 N. E. Clear, except fome clouds;

in the horizon.

In the morning the top of the linings was broken
up about a foot deep, and well fliaken, and then fome
frefli dung laid on the top of them, and after that
plenty of water was poured upon them all round
;about. Air was given about 8 o'clock in the morn-
ings

CUCUMBER PLANTS. 263

ing, and continued till 4 in the afternoon, when the
lights were lliut down for the night, and about
6 o'clock they were covered up with double mats.
This morning we began to reap wheat, and to cut
oats.

Thurfdayy Auguji 8, 179

Hours. S,Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6

74

87

5^

S.W.

Cloudy, and fome drops

8

7^

S7

60

s.w.

Gloomy. [rain fall.

10

77

87

64

S.W.

Small drifting rain.

11

79

88

66

s.w.

Cloudy, and a brifk wind*

I

87

88

71

s.w.

Scattered clouds, windy.

2

84

88

71

s.w.

Ditto.

4

96

90

69

s.w.

Ditto.

6

83

91

64

s.w.

Ditto.

8

—

53

s.w.

Clear, and a brifk gale of
wind.

The frames were uncovered at 6 o'clock in the
morning, and covered a little before 6 in the after-
noon with mats. In the morning the plants were
flopped, their leaves thinned, and the fruit in blof-
fom fet. About 1 1 o'clock water about 65 degrees
warm was poured all round againft the fides of the
frames, and on the mould above the flues. Air was
given betv/een 8 and 9 o'clock in the morning, and
t2iken :^way between 3 and 4 in the afternoon.

R 4 Friday^

264 MANAGEMENT OF THE

Friday, Augufi 9, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6 "j^^ 88 57 S.W. Flying clouds, windy.
8 80 88 62 S.W. Ditto.

10 73 83 (}K, S.W. Cloudy, windy.

12 80 85 69 S.W. Scattered clouds, windy*

1 90 86 70 S.W. Ditto.

2 82 87 68 S.W. Ditto.

4 %s ^'8 67 S.W. Ditto.

7 _ _ 62 S,W. Ditto.

5 _ _ 58 S,W. Clear, and a brifk gale

ofwind.

The frames were uncovered at 6 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with double
niats. Between 8 and 9 o'clock in the morning the
plants were well watered all over their leaves with
water 64 degrees warm. In the morning the plants
were flopped, their leaves thinned, and the fruit iii
tloflbm fet. Air was given in the morning, ^nd
continued day and night.

Saturday, Augitjl lo, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6 77 86 61 S.W. Windy; there had been

rain in the night, and a
little falls this morning.

S.W. Thin fly ingcloudsjwindv,

S.W. Ditto.

S.W. Ditto.

S.W. Scattered clouds, windy.

S.W. Ditto.

S.W. Ditto.

S.W. Clouds here and there.

The frames were uncovered about 6 o*clock in the

morning,

8

82

87

64

10

80

87

67

12

86

88

7'

2

85

,^9

70

4

84

89

72

5

81

89

09

B

—

57

CUCUMBER PLANTS. a&^

morning, and covered up juft before 6 in the even-
ing with double mats. In the morning the plants
were flopped, their leaves thinned, and the fruit in
bloflbm fet. Air was continued day and night,

Sunday i Jtiguji i\^ i793'

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Then Wind.

6 6^ 85 53 S.V/. Clear, and abrifkwind,

8 72 85 59 S.W. Thin ftreaky clouds.

u 84 ^6 64 S.W* Scattered thin clouds.

1 80 87 69 S.W. Ditto.

3 80 87 69 S.W. The iky is mottled.

5 82 87 6y S.W, Ditto.

% — -^60 S.W. Clouds in the horizon.

The frames were uncovered about 6 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with double
jnats. Air was continued day and night.

Monday^ Augufi 12, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Then Wind.

S.W. Thin clouds, and nearly

S.W. Ditto. [calm,

S.W. Sunfliine.

S.W. Ditto.

S.W. Ditto.

S.W. Ditto.

S.W. Clouds here and there.

S.W. Ditto.

' The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with double
mats. In the morning the plants were flopped, their
leaves thinned, and the fruit in bloflbm fet. Air was

continued

6

76

87

56

8

70

86

60

10

80

87

67

12

92

90

71

I

98

90

70

2

90

91

73

4

88

91

73

9

—

58

265 MANAGEMENT OF THE

continued day and night. To-day we begaj^ to cut
barley, which was fown in March,

Tuefday, Augufi 13, 1793.

Jlcurs, S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6 74 B7 59 S.E. Thin flreaky high clouds,

and a brifk wind.
S. E, The fun ihines faintly.
S. Clouds here and there.
S. Ditto.
S.W. Ditto.

S.W. Thundry-like clouds.
S.W. The iky is overcaft.
S.W. A light Ihower.
S.W. Beautiful red fky in the
weft.

In the morning the plants were flopped, their
leaves thinned^ the weeds picked out, and the fruit
in blolTom fet. The covering was taken ofF about 6
o'clock in the morning, and put on a little before 6
in the afternoon. ;^ir was continued all day, and in
the evening the lights v/ere fhut down for the night.

Wcdnefday^ Augujl 14, 1793.

Heurs. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

8

78

88

68

10

84

89

74

\\

86

9Q

7»

12

85

90

76

2

84

90

7?

4

80

90

72

5

1^

90

68

8

—

64

6

70

88

■ 51

S.W.

Clear, and a brilk wincj,

8

80

88

5^

S.W.

Scattered clouds.

lO

82

89

67

s w.

Ditto.

12

84

89

70

S.W.

Ditto.

2

85

89

72

S.W.

Clouds here and there.

4

7^

89

68

S.W.

Ditto.

6

70

88

60

S.W.

Sunfiiine.

8

—

56

S.W.

The iky is overcaft.

The frames were uncovered in the morning about

6 o*clock3

Hours.

S.Th.

P.Th.

Ther.

6

76

87

56

8

73

87

67

lO

80

87

(>!

12

82

87

69

2

80

87

68

4

79

»7

68

5

7i5

87

64

8

—

—

57

CUCUMBER PLANTS. 267

6 o'clock, and covered up In the evening with double
mats. In the morning the plants were flopped, their
leaves thinned,^ and the fruit in bloflbm fet. Air
was given till 5 o'clock in the afternoon, when the
lights were fhut clofe down for the night.

Thurfday, Auguft 15, 1793.

Wind.

S. Gloomy, calm ; it looks
rainy in the fouth-weft,

S. A light fhower of rain.

S. Sunfhine.
S.W. Showery.
S.W. Flying clouds, windy.
S.W. Ditto.
S.W. Ditto.
S.W. Cloudy and windy.

The frames were uncovered about 6 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with double
mats. Air was given about 9 o'clock in the morning,
and the lights were fhut clofe down in the evening
for the night.

Friday^ Augiijl 16, 1793.

Wind,

W. Flying clouds; windy.

W. Ditto.

W. Ditto.
S.W. Ditto.

W. The fun glimpfes.

W. Ditto.
S.W. Sunfiiine.
S.W. Clear, and a brifk wind.

The frames were uncovered at 6 o'clock in the

.morning.

Hours.

S.Th.

P.Th.

Ther.

6

1?>

87

53

8

76

87

60

10

n

87

62

12

80

87

65

2

84

88

64

4

88

88

63

6

IS

87

6o

8

—

—

55

£68 MANAGEMENT OF THE

iiiornmg, and covered up about half paft 5 in the
afternoon with double mats. Air was admitted at $
o'clock in the morning, and continued till about 5
ii} thp afternoon, when the lights were ihut clofc
down for the night.

Saturday^ Augujl i;, 1793,

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6 72 85 53 S» E. There had been rain in

the night, and it rains
this morning.

8 J 2 ^5 54 S. E. Rainy and windy.
lo 76 85 ^^ S. E. I c rains heavily.
12 82 86 54 S.W. Showery and windy,

2 83 87 64 S.W. Ditto.

4 80 87 60 SW. Ditto.

6 — — sj S.W. A ftrong gale of wind;

8 — — 55 S, Ditto. [gloomy.

The frames were i^ncovered about 6 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up about _j in the evening
with double mats. The plants were gone over, their
leaves thinned, the fhoots flopped, and the fruit in
bloffom fet. But little air was given in the day-time,
^nd at 4 in the afternoon the light? were fhut clofe
down for the night. In the afternoon a layer of freft
4ung was laid upon the north fide liningo

SunddYy

eUCUMlJER PLANt|5, 26^

Sunday, Aitgvjl i8, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6 70 8^ 50 N.W. Cloudy, and a high wind.'

8 71 85 5^ N.W. Ditto.'

10 80 85 \'] N.W. Cloudy, windy.

t 8b 86 60 N.W. The wind is fallen.

3 80 86 ^'T, N.Wi The fun glimmers.

5 78 86 59 W. Cloudv, calm.

10 — — J 3 W. Thin clouds ; fome drop*?

of rain fall.

The frames were uncovered about 6 o^clock in the
morning, and covefed between 5 and 6 in the even
ing with double mats. Air was given in the day-timt^,
but the lights v/ere fhut down all night,

Monday^ Aug-ujl 19, 17^3*

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6 72 85 48 S.W. Thin clouds, nearly calm/

8
10

76
86

85
85

57
62

S.W.

w.

The fun ihines.
Clouds here and there.

12

T

95
88

87

88

69

72

w.

Sunfliine.
Ditto,

2

3

90
93

88
88

65

w.
w.

A light fhovver.
Scattered clouds.

6

86

88

63

s.w.

Clouds here and the

7

,

— .

^9

s.w.

nearly calm.
Showery clouds.

The frames were uncovered at 6 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up at 6 in the afternoon witli
double mats. In the morning the plants were ftop^
ped, their leaves thinned, and the fruit in bloiibm fer.
Air was given at 8 in the morning, and taken av.ay
between 4 and ^ o'clock in the afterrcon.

27Q MANAGEMENT OF THE

51

lefday

', Auguji 20, 1793.

Hours,

. S.Th.

PTh.

Ther.

Wind.

6

70

85

44

S. W. Clear, and a great dew.

8

80

85

53

S.W. Sunlliine.

lo

82

85

5^

S.W. Ditto.

12

92

86

^5

S.W. Scattered little clouds.

I

90

87

67

W. The fun Ihines faintly.

2

84

87

67

W. Ditto.

4

82

87

67

W. Sunfhine.

5

89

88

65

W. Ditto.

6

62

W. Thin clouds, nearly calm<

8

..^

.~.

_^^

W. Clear and calm.

The frames were uncovered at 6 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up about 6 in the afternoon
^vith double mats. In the afternoon the plants were
flopped, their leaves thinned, and the fruit in bloffom
fet. About 4 o'clock in the afternoon, water 68 de-
grees warm was poured all round againfl the infides
of the frames, to moiften the mould upon the flues.
Air was given about 8 o'clock in the morning, and
taken away between 4 and 5 in the afternoon.

Wednefday^ Augiiji 21, 1793.

Wind.

S.W. Thin clouds, nearly calnio
S."W. Light foggy clouds*
S.W. Sundiine.
S.W. Ditto.

S.W. Scattered light clouds.
S.W. Sunfhine.
S.W. Scattered clouds.
S.V/. Mottled Iky.
S.W. Thin clouds,nearly calm^
S.W. Clouds here and there 5
calm.

The frames were uncovered about 6 o'clock in
£ the

[iours

. S.Th.

P.Th.

Ther

6

74

"^G

56

8

74

F6

58

10

82

86

65

II

^7

80

70

12

90

B7

74

2

91

88

74

3

93

88

73

4

90

88

72

7

~

—

C5

9

—

—

60

8 77
10 85
12 88

87
87
88

2 87

3 ^4
6 8o

88
88
88

10 —

—

The fr

ames

CUCUMBER PLANTS. 2I I

the morning, and covered up in the evening with
double mats. In the morning the plants were Hop-
ped, their leaves thinned, and the fruit in bloflbm
fet. Air was given at 8 o'clock in the morning, and
taken away about 5 in the afternoon.

Thurfday^ Auguji 22, ij^^*

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6 75 87 c,6 S.W. Thin clouds, and a brin<;

62 S.W. Ditto. [gale of wind,

70 S.W. The fun fliines faintly*

^G S.W. Ditto.

74 S.W. Ditto.

J 2 S.W. The iky is overcafl.

64 S.W. Ditto.

57 S.W. Clear, and a brifk wind.

were uncovered between 6 and 7
o'clock in the morning, and covered up in the even ^
ing with double mats. In the forenoon the plants v/ere
flopped, their leaves thinned, and the fruit in bloffom
fet. Air was admitted from 8 o'clock in the morn-
ing till about 5 in the afternooUc' To-day the water
in the fprings lov;ered the thermometer to 54.

Friday, AuguJI 23, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind,

S.W. Cloudy, and a brifk Wind«
S.W. Ditto.
S.W. Ditto.
S.Vv^. A light fliower.
S.W. The fun ihines faintly*
S.W. Sunfhine.
W. Ditto.
N.W. Ditto.
N.W. Clear, and a brifk wind«

The frames were uncovered about 6 o'clock in the

morningi

6

1^

86

60

8

76

86

63

10

77

86

67

12

85

86

7£

I

90

87

73

2

87.

87

71

-4

84

87

70

6

—

64

8

—

—

56

flours

. S.Th.

P.Th.

, Ther.

Wind.

6

70

84

52

s.w,

8

74

84

SI

s.w,

lO

82

85

62

w.

I

85

86

69

w.

2

87

86

68

w.

4

84

86

66

w.

6

80

86

61

w.

8

—

—

54

w.

271 manacement op tffu

morning, and covered up in the evening with matSe
In the afternoon the plants were flopped, their leaves
thinned, and the fruit in bloffom fet. Air was given
at 8 o'clock in the morning, and continued day and
night. To-day we made an end of harveft.

Saturday^ Juguft 24, 1793.

Clear, and a brifk air of

Ditto. [wind.

Scattered clouds.

Ditto.

Ditto.

The iky is overcaft.

Cloudy, and a brifl-i wind.

Thin clouds, nearly calm*

The frames w^ere uncovered at 6 o*clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with double
mats. Air was continued day and night*

Sunday^ Augiijl 25, i79j«

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6 6Z 83 46 W. Clear, and nearly cahn.

8 76 ^:}^ 52 W. Sunfhine.

10 87 84 59 N.W. Scattered fmoky - like

i\ 90 87 62 N.W. Ditto. [clouds,

1 87 87 69 N.W. Ditto.

2 90 87 68 N. Sunfhine.

4 90 87 68 N. Clouds here and there*

5 87 87 6s N.E. Ditto.

9 — ■ — 50 S.E. Clear, and nearly calm.

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock in the
morning. Air was continued day and night.

Monday^

CUCUMBER PLANTS.

Monday^ Augufi 26, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Then Wind.

73

6

6f

81

44

S.E.

Clear, and nearly calm.

8

76

83

55

S.E.

Sunfliine.

10

81

83

63

S.E.

Ditto.

12

87

84

74

S.

Thin clouds, and a brilk
wind.

3

88

85

71

S.

The fun (hines faintly.

4

95

86

69

s.w.

Ditto.

6

86

87

63

s.w.

Cloudy, and nearly calm.

9

—

—

56

s.w.

Cloudy, dark.

In the morning the plants were flopped, their
leaves thinned, and the fruit in bloffom fet. Air
was continued till between 3 and 4 o'clock in the af-
ternoon, when' the lights were fhut clofe down for
the night, and at 6 o'clock the frames were covered
up with double mats.

The cucumber plants in the open ground are in^
felled with the canker.

Tuefday^ Auguft 27, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Then Wind.

6

70

83

48

W.

Clear, and a brifk wind.

8

78

83

ss

W.

Clouds here and there.

10

82

84

64

w.

Flying clouds, and a brific

12

84

85

67

w.

Ditto. [wind.

2

80

85

68

w.

Ditto.

4

81

85

65

w.

Sunfhine.

6

80

85

56

w.

Clouds here and there.

9

—

50

w.

Clear, and nearly calm.

The frames were uncovered about 6 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with double

mats.

^^^ MANAGEMENT OF THE

mats. Air was given about 8 o'clock in the morning*
and continued till between 4 and 5 in the afternoon.
The linings were raifed all round with v/arm dung.

Wedne/day, Augiiji 'i^y 1793.

Wind.

S.W. Cloudy, and but little
S.W. Thin clouds, [wind.

S.W. Cloudy, and a brifk wind.
S.W. Ditto.

S.W. The fun fhines faintly.
S.W. Cloudy, and a brilk wind.
S.W. A very light Ihower.
S.W. Cloudy, and nearly calm--

The frames were uncovered about 6 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up between 5 and 6- in the
afternoon with double mats. In the morning the
plants were flopped, their leaves thinned, and the
fruit in bloffom fet. About n o'clock to the plants of
each three-light frame was given nearly a hogfhead of
water, about 62: degrees warm ; it was poured all over
their leaves in^mitation of a heavy fhower of rain.
After the watering but httle or no air was admitted,
and at 4 o'clock in the afternoon the lights were fllu^^
elofe down for the night.

Hours. S.Th.

P.Th.

Ther.

6

71

82

53

8

76

82

62

10

82

83

68

12

67

77

69

I

86

77

73

2

82

78

69

4

83

79

67

8

—

—

57

Thiirfday^,

CUCUMBER PLANTS', '^y ^

Thurfddy, Augujl 29, 1793,

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind,

« r «' ^^ SW. A thick fog, nearly caW

8 80 82 SI N.W. Bright funlhine.

10 86 83 64 N.W. Ditto.

12 90 84 6S W. Scattered light clouds,

3 87 85 70 W. Ditto.

4 85 85 68 W. Ditto.

6 Bo 85 6^ W. Clouds here and therei
» — — 54 W. Clear, calm.

The frames were uncovered about half paft 6 o'clock
in the morning, and covered up in the evening with
double njats. In the afternoon the plants were flop-
ped, their leaves thinned, and the fruit in blolTom
fet Air was given from 8 o'clock in the morning
till about 4 in the afternoon;

fridaf, Augufi jo, 1793.

Hoi:r3. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

^ 77 84 54 S.W. It rains gently.

8 80 84 59 S.W. Flying light clouds.

'o 83 H 6s S.W. Showery clouds.

12 So 85 68 S.W. Light Ihowers.

' 88 85 6g S.W. Great thundery clouds'

2 84 86 68 S.W. Squally fl.owerl ''

4 80 86 63 S.W. Cloudy, windy.

8 — — 54 S.W. Clear in the eafi.

The frames were uncovered at 6 o'clock in' the
niorning. and covered up in the evening with
mats. In the forenoon the plants were Hopped,
sheir leaves thinned, and the fruit in bloffom fet.

^ 2 _Air

^yS MANAGEMENT OF THE

Air was given from about 8 o'clock in the morning
till between 4 and 5 in the afternoon.

Saturday y Augujl 31, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

^ 75 ^5 54 S.W. Gloomy, and a brifk gale

of wind.
S.W. Showery light clouds.
S.W. Cloudy, windy.
S,W. Showery.
S.W. Sunfhine, windy.
S.W. Light fliov/ers, and gufb

of wind.
S.W. A heavy fhower for a few
minutes.
W. Clear, and a brifk gale of
W. Ditto. [wind.

The frames were uncovered at 6 o'clock In the
morning, and covered up in the evening with mats.
In the forenoon the plants were flopped, their leaves
thinned, and the fruit in bloffom fet. Air was given
from about 9 o'clock in the morning till between
4 and 5 in the afternoon.

8

77

85

59

10

80

85

fj

12

78

85

(>z

2

81

85

62

4

80

85

60

5

77

85

SI

7

—

—

55

9

~

—

50

Sunday^

CUCUMBER PLANTS. 277

Sunday y Septeinber i, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6 — — ' 50 S.W. Gloomy ; it looks rainyo

8 J 2 ^4 5^ S,W. It rains gently.

10 js ^4 57 S.W. Ditto.

12 74 84 00 S.W. Ditto.

2 72 84 58 S.W. It continues to rain,

4 73 84 60 S.W. Windy, and a fmall rain.

(^ — — ^^ S.W. Cloudy, windy, dark.

The frames were uncovered about 7 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with double
mats. But little air was admitted in the day-time,
and none all night.

Monday^ September 1^ *793'

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6 74 83 52 S.W. Clear, and a briik gale

of wind.
S.W. The clouds look rainy.
S.W. Showery and windy.
S.W. Ditto.

S.W. Flying clouds, windy.
S.W. Ditto.
S.W. Squally Ihowers.
S.W. Clear and windy.

The frames were uncovered about 6 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up about 6 in the afternoon
with mats. In the forenoon the plants were (topped,
their leaves thinned, and the fruit in bloflbm fet.
Air was given from between 8 and 9 o'clock till about
^ .n the afternoon. * -

S 3 Tuefdcvy,

8

75

83

59

0

83

84

65

2

78

84

(,6

3

80

84

67

4

16

84

6z

«)

74

84

58

9

-^

50

4

ay^ MANAQBMENT OF THE

Tuefday^ Septe7nber 3, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6

70

83

52

3.W.

Clear, and a ftrong g^ie
of wind.

8

75

^3

5S

S.W.

Flying clouds, windy.

10

74

83

6£

W.

Ditto.

J2

80

84

64

W.

Light ihowers.

a.

78

84

63

w.

Scattered clouds.

4

76

84

60

w.

Ditto.

6

79

84

57

w.

Clouds here and there.

9

48

w.

Clear, and calm.

The frames were uncovered about 6 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with double
mats. In the forenoon the plants were flopped, their
leaves thinned, and the fruit in bloflbm fet. Air
was given about 8 o'clock in the morning, and con-
tinued all day, and a httle left at each light all night,

Wednefday^ Septe7nher 4, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

W. Clear, and nearly calm.

W. Sunfhine, and a briik gale

W. Ditto. [of wind.

W. Scattered clouds.

W. Showery clouds.

W. A heavy fhower for about i o

minutes.
W. Clouds here and there.
W. Clear, calm.

The frames were uncovered about 6 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with double
mats. The plants were flopped, their leaves thinned,
and the fruit in bloffom fet. Air was continued day
^nd night.

Xhurfday.^

6

69

82

41

8

73

82

48

10

80

83

52

12

81

83

62

2

82

83

61

4

81

84

54

7

—

49

9

—

—

45

CUCUMBER PLANTS* ^75

Thurfday^ September J, I793«

Bo. r-

, S'.Th.

P.Th.

Ther.

Wind

6

70

81

3S

w.

Clear, and nearly calm.

8

73

81

45

w.

Sunfhine.

iO

86

82

46

w.

Ditto.

41

7^^

83

49

w.

Calm ; the fun Is covered
with a light cloudjthrough
which we clearly fee the
eclipfe of him : To ap-
pearance three fourth
parts of him are darkened.

,12

77

83

50

w.

Clear, and nearly calm.

2

85

84

60

w.

Cloudy.

4

82

«5

S-

w.

Ditto.

6

—

52

w.

Ditto.

9

—

—

^5

w.

Cloudy, and nearly calm.

The frames were uncovered at 6 o'clock in the
morning, and covered in the evening with mats.
Jn the morning the plants were flopped, their leaves
ithinned, and the fruit in bloflbm fet.

Friday^ September 6, 1793.

Hours.

S.Th.

P.Th.

Ther.

Wind.

6

8

72

82

44
48

S.W.

s.w.

Cloudy, and nearly calm,

Ditto.

10

52

73

82

84

SI
59

s.w.
s,w.

The fun fhines faintly.
Ditto,

2
4

78

84

84

57

52

w.
w.

Great thundery clouds.
It rains and thunders.

7
10

45
41

N.
N.

Showery, nearly calm.
Clear, calm.

The frames were uncovered about 7 o'clock In the
morning, and covered up in the evening with double
p.i^ts. Air was continued day and night.

S 4 To-day

!28,0 MANApEMENT OF THE

To-day I had the fouth fide lining taken away,
and a lining of frefli dung applied in its (lead. The
dung of the old lining was rotten and black, and
but little heat in it, only a gentle warmth derived
from the lining of the oppofite fide.

Saturday^ Septetnber 7, 1793.

Hours. S.Th, P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6 — — 33

8 70 78 38

10 76 79 48

11 86 81 51

12 87 82 54

2 85 82 's6

3 90 83 s^
5 ^4 S4 S5

9 — — 48

The frames were uncovered about 7 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with double
mats. In the forenoon the plants were flopped, their
leaves thinned, and the fruit in bloffom fet. The
lining that was made up yefterday, being f ink, was

s w

Clear, calm, and a white

s w.

Sunfhine. [froft.

s.w.

Bright funfliine.

s.w.

Ditto.

w.

Ditto.

w.

Ditto.

w.

Ditto.

w.

Ditto.

w.

Clear, and nearly calm.

yundafy

CUCUMBER PLANTS, 281

Sunday^ September 8, I793<

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6

...

—

50

S.W.

Foggy clouds.

8

73

80

58

s.w.

Light clouds.

lO

76

81

65

S.W.

Showery-like clouds.

12

80

81

68

s.w.

The fun fhines faintly.

2

82

82

70

w.

Ditto.

4

82

83

67

w.

Thin clouds cover the fky.

9

—

55

w.

Clear and calm.

The frames were uncovered about 7 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with double
mats. Air was continued day and night,

Monday^ September 9, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6 72 82 53 S.W. Cloudy, and but little

57 S.W. Thin clouds. [wind*

63 S.W. Lowery.

67 S.W. The fun fhines faintly.

()C^ S.W. Clouds here and there.

63 W. Ditto.

54 W. Ditto.

The frames were uncovered about 6 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with double
mats. In the forenoon the plants were flopped,
their leaves thinned, and the fruit in blolTom fet.
Air was continued day and night. To-day the wate;"
in the fprings lowered the thermometer to 54.

Tuefday^

8

7,4

83

10

75

83

12

84

84

3

82

84

5

80

85

9

'^:8S MANAGEMENT Of TB£

Tucjda'j,

Sepi

'ember ic, 1793.

lioiirs,

. S.Th.

P.Th.

Thei.

Wind.

6

—

b^'

Vf.

Clear, and aearly calm,

7

70

H

5S

w.

Die to.

lO

80

^^

65

w.

The fun fliines faintly.

12

78

84

68

w.

The fivy is overcaft.

2

82

85

67

w.

Cloudy, ^nd nearly cahn<

5

80

86

66

\¥.

Sunfiiine.

6

63

N.

Clouds here and there.

9

—^

—

57

N.

Clear, calm.

The frames were uncovered about 7 o'clock in the
niorning, and covered up betv/een 5 and 6 In the
afternoon with double jnats. In the forenoon the
plants were (topped, their leaves thinned, a.nd the
fruit in bloflbm fet. Air was continued day and
night. The fouth fide lining, being funk, was raifed
with hot dung, and then about a hogfhead of water
was poured on it.

About 3 o'clock in the afternoon water v/as poured
all round the fides of the frames, and above the
flues where the niould appeared dry.

Wednefday, Septeinher 1I3 1793.

Hovirs. S.Th. P.Th. Tlicr. Vv^irul.

SAV. Foggy, nearly calm*
N.W. Light foggy clouds.
N.W. Sunfl-iine,
N.W. Flying light clouds.
N.W. Sunfiiine.

N. Clear, calm.

N. Ditto.

The frames were uncovered about 6 o'clock in the

moping,

6

7'

«5

48

8

75

85

55

:^o

86

86

61

\%

83

87

67

84

87

62

6

81

87

57

9

—

—

50

CUCUMBER PLANTS, 283

jnorning, and covered up in the evening with double
mats. In the afternoon the plants were flopped,
their leaves thinned, and the fruit in. bloffom fet.
Air was given plentifully in the day-time, and fome
at every light all night. To-day a great heat is
arifen in the fouth fide lining.

Thiirfday^ September |2, i793»

6

, 0. \. 11.

i. . 1 ij.

1 ncr.
46

VY urn.

N.

A thick fog.

7

^

87

49

N.

The fog begins to fcatter,

8

81

87

53

N.E.

The fun fhines faintly.

10

88

88

60

N.E.

Bright funfhine, nearly

i2

92

89

66

S. E.

Ditto. [calm.

2

88

()0

72

S. E.

Ditto.

4

83

go

69

S. E.

Clouds here and there.

6

64

S. E.

Ditto.

9

—

—

57

S. E.

Cloudy, calm.

The frames were uncovered about 7 o'clock in the
niorning, and covered up in the evening v/ith double
mats. Air was given plentifully day and night.

Friday, September i t^, i793«

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Thcr. Wind.

6

—

—

56

S,

Cloudy ; there had been
rain in the night.

7

75

88

57

S.

A heavy rain.

8

76

88

60

S.E.

It continues to rain.

10

8.3

88

64

s.i;.

Fair, cloudy.

12

«7

89

7'

s.

Great towering white

2

80

89

70

s.

Showery. [clouds.

4

78

89

68

s.w.

Ditto.

6

75

88

63

s.w.

Cloudy, and a brifk wind.

9

—

54

s.w.

Cloudv.

T}ie frames were uncovered about 7 o'clock in the

morning:.

<2S4 MANAGEMENT OF THE

morning, and covered up in the evening with double
mats. The plants were flopped, their leaves thinned,
and the fruit in bloflbm fet. Air was continued day
and night.

Saturday, September 14, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6 — — 56 S. Cloudy, and but little wind.

7 7^ ^9 5^ S- Ditto.

8 78 89 63 S. Ditto.

10 85 89 66 S. The fun glimmers.

J 90 90 69 S. Ditto.

3 80 90 67 S, Cloudy, and a briflv wind.

5' 78 90 6^ S. Cloudy, and nearly calm.

g — _ ^7 S. It rains fail.

The frames were uncovered about 7 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with double
mats. In the forenoon the plants were ftopped, their
leaves thinned, and the fruit in bloflbm fet. Air was
continued day and night.

Sunday y September 15, 1793.

iours,

. S.Th.

P.Th.

Ther.

Wind.

6

SS

s.w.

Cloudy ; there had been
rain in the night.

8

78

89

59

s.w.

Cloudy, and a brifk wind.

10

84

89

68

s.w.

Scattered great clouds.

?i

86

90

69

s.w.

Ditto.

I

83

90

65

s.w.

Clouds here and there.

2

S3

90

68

s w.

Large clouds with white

4

90

91

92

s.w.

Sunfhine. [edges.

9

SS

s.w.

Showers of rain.

The frames w^ere uncovered ^bout 7 o'clock in the

morning,

CUCUMBER PLANTS. 285

morning, and covered up in the evening with double
mats. Air was continued till about 3 o'clock in the
afternoon, when the lights were fhut clofe down for
the night.

Monday^ Sepiemher 16, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6 75 88 50 S.W. Cloudy; there had been

rain in the night.
S.W. Sunfhine.
S.W. Heavy fhowers.
S.W. Showery.
S.W. Sunfhine.
S.W. Ditto.
S.W. Clear and calm.
S.W. Ditto.

The frames were uncovered about 6 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up about 5 in the afternoon
with double mats. The plants were flopped, their
leaves thinned, and the fruit in bloifom fet. Air was
given about 8 o'clock in the morning, and continued
day and night.

8

76

88

54

10

78

88

58

12

77

88

59

3

94

89

64

4

83

89

60

7

—

51

9

—

—

48

Tuefdaj

fS6 Management of the

Tue/day, September 17, 1793^

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6

_i_

-^

44

S.W. Clear, and nearly calm-

7

73

88

49

S.W. Sunftiine.

1

9

76

88

54

S.W. Ditto.

10

80

88

59

S.W. Clouds here and there.

12

S3.

88

63

S.W. Cloudy.

2

7^

88

62

S.W. Showery.

4

77

88

58

S.W. Ditto.

6

74

88

56

S. Ditto.

9

—

56

S; Windy, and a fmall rain

The frames were uncovered about 7 o'clock in the
morning, and covered in the evening with double
mats. In the afternoon the plants were flopped, their
leaves thinned, and the fruit in bloflbm fet. Air was
continued day and night.

Wednefday^

, Septe

mheY 18, 1793.

i-Iburs.

S.Th.

P.Th.

Ther.

Wind.

6

—

58

s.

Gloomy ; there had been
rain in the night.

8

77

88

63

S.W.

Cloudy, and a brifk wind.

io

79

88

65

S.W.

A drifting rain.

32

80

88

69

S.W.

Gloomy, nearly calm.

2

79

88

05

S.W.

Light fliowers.

4

77

88

65

S.W.

It rains fall.

5

74

88

59

0

N.

The wind turns fuddenly,.
and blows hard, and it
rains heavily.

t

—

—

56

N.

It continues to rain.

9

—

—

54

N.

Fair, cloudy.

The frames were uncovered between 7 and 8
o'clock in the morning, and covered up about 5 in

the

CUCUPiBER PLANtS*' ^Sf

the afternoon with double mats. Air was continued-
day and night.

T/mr/day, September 19, i793*

Hours. S,Tlu P.Th. Thfcr, Wind.

6 — — 47 N. K. Clear^ and a briHc vvIdcJ.,-

J 75 'o'^ 4B N. E. The % is overcaft.

9 So 88 S2 N.E. Thinciouds.

10 81 8S 54. N. Cloudy, and a briik wind*

12 J 5 88 ^5 N. Ditto/

2 76 88 54 N. Ditto.

4 yy 88 53 N. Cloudy, and nearly cahnv

6 74 88 50 N. Ditto.

^ — — 47 N. Ditto.

The frames were uncovered at 7 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with about
two inches thick of hay and mats. In the forenoon the
plants were flopped, their leaves thinned, and ihii
fruit ia blofTom fet. Air was continued day ancf
night.

Friday^ September 20, 17930

Hours. S.Th, P.Th. Ther. Wind.

N, Cloudy, gloomyo

N. Ditto.

N. Light clouds.
N* E. A fhower of rain.
N.E. Sunfhine.
N. E. Cloudy, and a briil^: windv
N.E, Light clouds,
N. E. clear, and a brifk wind ,

The frames were uncoveied about 8 o'clock in the;
morning, and covered up in the evening with abour

thre^

2

6

—

—

46

8

79

88

49

30

81

89

57

12

U

90

56

2

90

90

57

4

75

88

5^5

6

76

88

5'

9

—

—

45

J288 MANAGEMENT OF THE

three inches thick of hay and mats. In the fore-
noon the plants were flopped, their leaves thinned^
and the fruit in blofibm fet.

About 4 o'clock in the afternoon I gave to each
three-light frame of plants nearly half a hogfhead
of water, warmed to about 83 degrees. It was
poured all over their leaves, and every part of the
infide of the frames was well wafhed therewith. The
lights were then fhut clofe down for the night.

Saturday^ Septe?nber 21, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6

^-

—

3S

N. E, Showery ; a rainbow in
in the weft.

7

7^

89

41

N. E. Sunfhine,- and a brifk

9
10

82
81

89
89

48

52

M.E. Ditto. [wind.
N. E. Clouds here and there.

12
2

85
88

90
9^

54

s?>

N. E. It rains.
N.E. Sunfhine.

3

84

91

44

N. E. A fliower of hail.

4
6

80

7S

90

89

45
43

N. E. Showery.

N. E. Clouds here and there.

9

40

N.E. Ditto.

The frames were uncovered about 7 o*clcck in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with hay
and mats. In the forenoon the plants were ftopped,
their leaves thinned, and the fruit in blofTom fet.
Air was given about 8 o'clock in the morning,
and continued day and night.

Sunday^

CUCUMBER PLANTS. 289

Sunday^ September 22, 1793^

s?lQ;:rs. S.Th. P.Th. Thcr. V/ind.

6

— -

40

N.

Cloudy ; there had been rail]
in the night.

^

7^

89

43

N.

A fmall rain.

I'o

74

8-;

46

N.

It rains.

•12

75

89

46

N.

Ditto.

2

74

88

46

N.

It continues to rain faft.

-t

72

88

AS

N.

Ditto.

0

68

88

43

N.

Ditto.

9

——

—

40

N.

Clear, and nearly calm.

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock in the
^morning, and covered up in the evening with hay
and mats. But little air was given in the day-time^
and in the evening the lights were lliut plofe down for

-ihe night,

Mmday^ September 23, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. I^^.er. Wind.

S.W, Cloudy, and but little
S.W. Ditto. [wind.

S.W. Ditto.
S.W. Ditto,
S.V/. Ditto.
S.W. A fhower of rain.
S.W. Thefun glimpfes.
S,W. Clear, and nearly calm.

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up about ^ in the afternoon
with about three inches thick of hay and mats. In
the forenoon I flopped the plants, thinned their leaves,
cut off fevcral fmall fruit where they were too thick,

T and

6

—

—

40

8

76

S7

43

10

79

s;

48

22

77

88

5^

2

76

88 ■

1 0

n
0

75

83

Is

5

74

S:>'

48

9

—

—

44

Hours,

, S.Th.

P.Th.

Ther.

6

-— ,

42

8

76

87

50

TO

80

87

54

12

85

88

56

I

84

88

59

2

82

88

58

5

77

88

54-

9

—

—

50

S9<3 MANAGEMENT OF THE

and fet the fruit in bloflbm. Air was given about 9
o'clock in the morning, and taken away about 5 in
the evening. The linings being funk were raifcd
with frefli dung.

Tuefdaj:) September 24, 1 793*

Wind.

S.VnT. Cloudy, and a brife air of

S.W. Ditto. [wind.

S.W. Sunfhine.

S.W. The fun fliines faintly.

S.W. Ditto.

S.W. Showery.

S.W. Gloomy.

S.W. It rains heavily.

The frames were uncovered a little before 8 o'clock,
in the morning, and covered up in the evening with
about three inches thick of hay and mats. The plants
w^ere flopped, their leaves thinned, and the fruit in
bloifom fet. Air was admitted about 9 o'clock in the
morning, and continued day and night,

Wednefday^ September 25, 1793.

Heurs. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

N.W. A thick fog.

N. W. The fog begins to fcatter

N.W. Sunfhine.

N.W. Ditto.

N.W. Scattered clouds.

N.W. Ditto.

N.W. Ditto.

N.V/. Ditto.

N.W. Clear, calm.

^he frames were uncovered a little before 8 o'clock

in

6

— •

—

45

8

74

88

48

10

81

88

52

12

9S

90

58

I

100

91

60

2

94

92

58

5

CO

92

58

6

84

92

54

9

4J

CUCUMBER PLANTS. 29I

111 the morning, and covered up in the evening with
hay and mats. The plants were flopped, their leaves
thinned, and the fruit in bloiTom fet. Air was con-
tinued day and night.

Tburfda}\ September 26, 1793.

W^ind.

N. Clear and calm.

N. Sunfhine.

N. Scattered clouds.

S.E. Ditto.

S E. Bright funfliine.

S.E. Ditto.

S.E. Clear and calm.

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clack in the
morning, and covered up between 5 and 6 in the
evening with hay and mats. In the forenoon I flop-
ped the plants, thinned their leaves, and fet the fruit
in bloflbm. Air was continued night and day^

Friday y Septe??iber 27, 1793.

Hours. S,Th. P.Th. Thcr. Wind.

Hours

S.Th.

P.Th.

Ther.

6

.—

35

8

10

12

74
82

89
89
89

4f
61

4

90

^5

90
91

59

5^

9

43

6

—

—

35

S.W. Foggy.

8

74

89

43

S.W. The fog becomes thin.

0

8[

89

5^

S. E. Sunfhine.

2

86

90

57

S.E. Ditto.

2

9^

91

51

S.E. Ditto.

4

B3

9^

55

S.E. Ditto.

6

49

F.. Clear, and nearly calm

9

—

—

43

E. Ditto.

The frames wer^ uncovered about B o'clock in tac
morning, and covered between 5 and 6 in the after-
noon with hay and mats. In the forenoon the plants

T 2 were

2Q2 MANAGEMENT OF THE

were ftopped, their' leaves thinned, and the fruit in
bloflbm fet. About 1 1 o'clock, water 80 degrees
warm was poured ail round againft the fides of the
frames, and on the mould above the fide flues*
Air was continued day and night.

Saturday, September iiS, i793-.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. V/ind.

6 — 49 E, Foggy, nearly calm..

8 76 89 49 E. Ditto.

10 80 89 54 E. Sunlhine.

J 2 85 90 58 E. Ditto.

2 86 91 59 E. Ditto,

4 78 95 i;s E. Ditto.

(3 49 E. Clear, and nearly calm.

^ — — 43 E- Ditto.

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock in the
mornirg, and covered up a little before 6 in the

evenin.f! with hay and mats. Air was contin^ed da;
^nd night.

Sunday, September 29, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. :her. Wind.

6 _ ^^ 42 E. Eoggy.

8 78 89 50 E. The fog becomes thai.

10 8/ 89 58 S.F. The fun fhines faintly.

11 84 89 62 S.E. Ditto.

1 80 90 64 S.E. Ditto.

2 82 90 60 S. Cloudy.

5 75 90 55 ^* Gloomy, nearly cslm.
o — 46 S. Cloudy, dark.

The fames were uncovered about 8 o'clock in ti-
morning, and covered up in the evening with hay aiK

mats. Air wa§ continu(?d day and night.

Monda-;

'CUCUMBER PLANtS-, C93

Monday^ September 30, 1793.

[biir^

. S.Th.

P.Th.

Ther.

Wind.

6

...

—

47

S.W. Clear, and nearly calm.

8

75

90

50

S. W. Cloudy, and a brifk wind,

fO

78

50

56

S.W. Ditto.

12

H

90

59

S.W. Scattered clouds.

0

1^

90

57

S.W. Ditto.

4

72

90

54

S.W. Ditto.

9 -^ ,^ 4(5 S.W. Cloudy, dark.

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock in the
morning, and covered in the evening with hay and
mats. In the forenoon I flopped the plants, thinned
their leaves, and fet the fruit in bloiTom. Air was
continued day and night.

Tuefday^ 0 Sober i, i793<»

Siburs

. S.Th.

•P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6

— 47 S.W. Rainy morning.

8

1Z

88 57 S.W. Flying clouds, windy.

10

7S

88 64 S.W. Ditto.

3 2

7S

88 65 S.W. Showers of rain.

2

72

87 61 S.W. Ditto.

5

72

87 c^"] S.VT". Clear, and a brilk wind.

9

— 52 S.W. Cloudy and windy.

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with hay
and mats. Air was continued day and night.

Wednefday^

^^54 liIANAGEMENT OF THJ^

Wednefday^ October 2, 1793-.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6

—^

—

45

S.W.

Clear, and a briflv wind-.

8

71

86

49

s.w.

Sunfhine, windy.

10

76

86

56

S.W.

Ditto.

12

79

86

62

s.w.

Scattered clouds.

2

70

87

46

N.W.

A fliower, a high guft
of wind, and loud
claps of thunder.

4

68

87

52

:rNr.w.

Scattered clouds.

5

68

87

46

N.W.

A fhower of hail.

3

—

43

N.W.

Clear,and butlittle wind.

The fra-tnes were uncovered about S o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with hay
and mats. In the forenoon the plants were ftoppedy
their leaves thinned, and the fruit in bloffom fet. Air
was continued day and night,

Thiirfday, Oi^ober 2-, ^793*

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6

...

_

45

s.w. Cloudy, and a brilk wind

8

69

84

52

S.W. Ditto.

lO'

78

84

60

S.w. Ditto.

12

80

85

60

W. Ditto.

2

72

85

63

W. Ditto.

4

73

85

59

W. Ditto.

9

.52

W. Cloudy, dark.

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock in thd
morning, and covered up in the evening with hay and
mats. The plants were flopped, their leaves thinned,
and the fruit in bloifom fet. Air .was continued day
and night.

, Friday^

6

—

—

50

8

72

84

55

lO

74

84

61

12

73

80

67

2

70

8o

65

4

77

80

65

5

75

81

60

9

—

—

55

CUCUMBER PLANTS. ' ^^5

Friday^ Odober 4, 1793.

^ours. S.Th. P.Th. Then Wind.

S.W. Cloudy, windy.

S.W. Ditto.

S W. Flying clouds.

S.W. Ditto.

W. Ditto.

S.W. The fky Is overcafl*

S.W. Ditto.
S.W. Cloudy, dark.

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with hay
and mats. In the forenoon I cut the greatefl part of the
Ihoots of the plants off, and I had all the mould taken
off the fide flues. The remaining ihoots or branches of
the plants were diveiled of the greatefl part of their
leaves, and about two inches thick of fine frefli leaf
mould laid among them. The fhoots were then laid
down with their joints among the frefh mould, and
fixed with fmall wooden pegs. The flues were then
fwept clean with a hair hand broom, and the plants
were watered moderately all over their leaves, with
water about 82 degrees warm.

Saturday^ Odober ^, ^793*

Wind.

S.W. Cloudy and gloomy,

S.W. Dhtd.

S.W. Cloudy, and a brifk winde

S.W. The fun Ihines faintly.

S.W. Ditto.

S.W. Ditto.

S.W. Ditto.

S.W. Clear, and nearly calm.

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock in the
T 4 mornings

Houis

. S.Th,

P.Th.

Ther

6

— ^

53

8

80

84

57

10

79

84

60

32

80

84

63

/>

B5

85

64

J

90

85

63

4

86

86

62

9

—

52

296' RlANAGEMENT OF TtTE

morning, and covered up in the evening with hay anci
mats. Air was continued day and night. To-day
I fowed cucumber feeds in leaf mould about three
inches deep in a pan, and I fet it in the cucumber
frame on the north fide flue in the middle light of the
middle frame, about one foot north of the thermo-
meters ; the feeds are of this year's laving*

Su

mdajy

, October 6, 1793^

Hours. S.Th.

P.Th.

Ther,

Wmd.

6

.-^

«.»

52

S. W. Cloudy, and a brifK: wind.

8

78

84

58

S.W. Ditto.

10

79

84

61

S.W. Thefunglimpfes.

r2

86

85

65

S.W. Ditto.

I

90

86

65

S.W. Thin cloudscover the fi^yo

3

80

86

66

S.W. Ditto.

5

79

86

60

S.W. Gloomy.

9

—

49

S.W. Clear, and nearly calm.

The franles were uncovered about 8 o'clock in the
Ihorning, and covered up in the evening with about
four inches thick of hay and mats. Air was continu-
ed till 5 o'clock in the evening, when the lights we-re-
fhut down for the night.

Monday

6

—

45

8

8o

85

50

10

84

S5

60

12

9°

86

61

2

lOI

87

59

4

89

88

">!

6

—

52

9

—

49,

CtJCUMBER PLANTS* S97

Monday^ Odoher 7, 1793.

ftoun. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

S.W. IJght clouds, but little

S.W. Svmlhine. [wind.

S,W. Ditto.

S.W. Light clouds cover the

S.W. SiinOiiue. [Pky.

S.W. Ditto.

W. Clear, and a brilk wind.

W. Ditto.

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock in thd
morning, and covered up in the evening with hay
and mats. Air v^as given about 9 o'clock in the
morning, and at i o'clock the plants, flues, and:
every part of the frames were fprinkled with wates*
85 degrees w^arm, and the lights ihut clofe down for
the night. The feeds that were fown on Saturday
appear double coming through the mould. To-day
the dung of the north fide hning was taken awav, an^f
a lining of frefh dung put in its flead.

Tiicfdaj^ Ccloher 8, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

W. Clear, and a brifk wdndV

W. Clouds here and there,

W. Ditto.

W. Cloudy,

W. Ditto.

W. Ditto.

W. Ditto.

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock in the

6

—

—

46

8

78

83

51

10

n

83

S7

12

79

83

61

2

76

83

6(

4

72

83

53

'9

— —

—

S3

298 MANAGEMENT OF THE

tnornlng, and covered up in the evening with ha/
and mats. Air was given from about 9 o'clock in
the morning till 5 in the evening. The feedling
plants are up, and their leaves begin to expand.

Wednefday, Odoher 9, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6

—

—

52

W.

Cloudy, nearly calm.

8

79

S3

5S

W.

Gloomy.

0

80

S3

5^

w.

Thin clouds.

2

90

84

62

s.w.

Sunfliine.

2

91

85

64

s.w.

Ditto.

4

86

86

59

s.w.

Ditto.

5

80

86

55.

s.w.

Clear, and nearly calm.

9

—

50

s.w.

Foggy.

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with hay
and mats. The plants were flopped, their leaves
thinned, and fome fhowing fruit nipped off. The
plantSj from the feeds which were fown lafl Saturday,
ivere planted in pots in leaf mould, three plants m
eich pot, and fet in a row on the north fide flue.

T/mrfday, Oclobn^ lo, 1793.

.rnurs. S.Th. P.Th, Tlier. Win<i.

S.E. Mldy.

S. Sundiiae.

S.w. Ditto.

S.w. Ditto.

S.W. Cloudb cover the fky.

S.w. Cloudy, dark.

The frames were uncovered between 7 and 8-

o'clock

6

—

41

8

81

86

47

12

86

?7

62

2

B3

^7

65

4

80

86

6i

9

—

—

53

CUCUMBER PLANTS^ 299

o'clock In the morning, and covered up in the even*
ing with fingle mats. Air was given at 8 o'clock
in the morning, and continued day and night. The
plants were Ihaded for about two hoursin the hotted
time of the day. About 4 in the afternoon tht plants,
flues, and every part of the infides of the frames
were watered wdth water about 80 degrees Warm*
The linings were ralfed with frelh dung.

Friday^ Odoberit^ 1793'

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6

_

_

50

S.W. Gloudyj nearly calm

7

70

84

51

S.W. Gloomy.

8

71

84

52

S.W. Ditto.

10

73

83

55

S.W. Ditto.

12

79

83

59

S.W. Hazy.

I

81

84

60

S.W. Ditto.

2

8i

85

60

S.W. Ditto.

4

80

85

59

S.W. Ditto'.

5

79

85

58

S.W. Ditto.

^

54

S.W. Cloudy, dark.

The frames were uncovered about 7 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with mats,
Air was continued day and night.

Saft/rday^

30d Management of th|

Saturday, OSfober 12, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Thcr. Wind.

5 — — 53 S.E, Foggy, nearly calm'6

7 79 ^5 54 S.E. Ditto,

lb 85 85 62 S.E. Light clouds.

12 90 87 67 S.E. Sunfliine.

1 91 87 67 S.E. Ditto.

2 95 88 68 S.E. Ditto. [ther(^*
4 83 88 64 S.E. Light clouds here and
9 — — 56 S.E. Clear, and nearly calm.

The frames were uncovered about 7 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with mats.
Air was continued day and night. In the forenoon
the plants were flopped, their leaves thinned, and the
fruit in bloffom [tt.

Sunday.^

, OSfober i^^^ ^79^>

Hours.

, S.Th.

P.Th. Ther.

wind.

6

«^

— 50

S. W. Clear, and nearly calnlv

8

77

86 55

S.W. Light foggy clouds.

10

80

86 60

S.W. Ditto.

11

87

86 66

S.W. Sunfliine.

X

85

87 64

S.W. Ditto.

0

86

87 62

S.W. Ditto.

4

77

86 59

S.W. LigliE clouds, nearly calm

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with mats.
The firil rough leaves of the feedling plants, which
were fown the .5th initant, are fairly expanded.

Monday.

CUCUMBER PLANTS.

Monday^ Odober 14, 1793.

Itoiirs. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind. -

Z^\

6

70

83

5^ S.

Hazy.

8

^7 1
/ ^

8.3

52 S.

Ditto.

10

76

83

59 N.W.

Ditto.

12

Kl

84

62 N W.

The fun glimmers.

2

8,-

85

6o N.

Cloudy.

4

78

8S

57 N.

Light clouds.

9

— '

46 N.

Clear, nearly oalra

The frames were uncovered about 6 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with mats^
The plants were (topped, their leaves thinned, and
the fruit in bloifom fet.. In the morning, about 8,
plenty of cold water was poured on the flues, and the
plants were gently watered with water about 78 de-
grees warm, but not over their leaves. The flues
w^ere watered again in the evenfng. Air \vas conti-^.
]|iued night and day.

Ttwfday, Odobcr 15, 1793.

^ours,

. S.Th.

P.Th.

Ther.

Wmd.

6

33

S.W.

Clear, and a white froft.

8

64

8q

37

s.w.

Sunfhine.

10

79

80

44

s.w.

Ditto.

12

84

82

5^

V7.

Ditto.

2

97

85

54

w.

Ditto.

4

84

86

51

w.

Ditto.

9

—

—

SO

w.

Mottled fiiy.

The frames were uncovered between 7 and 8 o'clock
in the morning, and covered up in the evening with
liiats. Air was contiiiued day and night.

Widnef4ay^

302

MANAGEMENT OF THE

6

—

—

50

■7

73

8^

50

8

70

83

51

10

84

84

54

12

85

85

58

2

95

86

57

4

80

86

55

9

—

—

46

Wednefday^ Oftober 16, 1793.

^ours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

W. Cloudy, and nearly cahru

N. Ditto.

W. Clouds here and there.

W. Sunfliine.

W, Ditto.

W. Ditto.

W. Ditto.

W. Clear, nearly calm.

The frames were uncovered about 7 o'clock in th:^
morning, and covered up in the evening with [mats.
The plants were^ftppped^ their leaves thinned, and
the fruit in blolToni fet. At noon the flues were welj
watered with cold water, and the young plants in pot^
were watered with water about 80 degrees warm.
Air was continued night and day.

Thurfday^ Ocloher 17, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th, Ther, Wipd.

6

_

—

43

w.

Light cloudso

8

74

82

47

w.

Hazy.

0

11

83

52

w.

Ditto.

2

84

84

59

N.W.

Ditto.

2

80

84

58

N.W.

Ditto. -

4

76

84

5^

N.

Ditto.

5

72

84

S^

N.

Ditto.

9

,■2

N.

Cloudy, dark

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock in the
mornhig, and covered up in the evening with mats.
Air was continued day and night. The north fide
lining, being fimk, was raifed with hot dting.

Friday^

CUCUMBER PLANTS.

Friday^ Odobsr iS, ij^l^

flours. S.Th. P.Th. Thcr. Wind.

3^5

6

—

-r-

42

W. Miftj^, nearly calm,

8

67

80

45

W. Gloomy.

JO

70

80

5^

W. Ditto.

12

75

8o

55

W. Ditto.

1

75

81

5/

V/. Ditto.

2

72

81

54

W. Ditto.

4

71

81

S?>

W. Ditto.

9

—

50

W. Cloudy.

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with mats,
In the forenoon I flopped the plants, thinned their
leaves, and fet the fruit in bloilbm* Air was
continued day and night. The young plants have
their fecond rough leaves fairly expanded.

Saturday^ Oclober 19, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6

—

42

W. Mifly, nearly calm.

8

71

81

5^

W. Cloudy.

10

7'-

81

51

W. Ditto. ■

12

IS

8i

54

W. Ditto.

2

72

81

SS

W. Ditto.

4

7.^

81

5i

W. Ditto.

5

68

80

5''

W. Ditto.

9

50

W. Light clouds.

llie frames were uncovered at 8 o'clock in ths
morning, and covered up in the evening with hay
and mats. Air was continued day and night. The
plants were liopped, and the fruit in blofTom fet.
The young plants vrcre ii6pped for the firfl time ;

they

9 04 MANAGEMENT OF THE ,.||

they are flrong and healthy, but rather iorig
ihanked.

Sunday^ 0 etcher .20, I793»

Hours. S,Th. P.lh. Then Wind.

W. Cloudy.

W. Light clouds.

W. Ditto.

W. Cloudy, and a bilfe gale of

W. Ditto. [wind.

W. Ditto.

V/. Ditto.

W. Ditto,

I

The frames were uncovered at % in the morning,
and covered up in the evening with hay and mat^.
Air was continued till betvv^een 4 ai\d 5 in the after^^
fioon, when the lights v/ere fluit down for the night.

Monday i Ocloher zi, 1793-

J^Jpurs. S.Th. P.Th, Thcr. Wind.

7

..— ^

—

49

8

69

80

50

0

73

80

55

I

75

80

57

I

74

80

57

3

73

80

55

5

70

80

5-

9

—

—

5°

7

—

—

45

W, Clear in the weft, cloudy \x\

8

78

^3

45

W. Sunfiiine, [the eaft.

50

83

^4

5-

W. Ditto.

}2

9°

85

57

\V. Ditto.

1

80

85

57

W. Ditto,

4

82

85

57

\V. Clouds here and there.

9

—

S^

\Y. Ditto.

Tiie frairies v;ere uncovered a little before 8^ in the
pcrnlng, and covered up in the evening with hay
pnd mats\ The plants were ilopped^ their leaves
thinncdj and the fruit in bloiibm fqt. Air was given
at 9 o'clockj and continued day and night. About
fiooa the young plants vvere watered ^nd fnaded for
^ abo^^t

CilCUMBfeR PLANTS* 305

ttbout one hour ; at 4 o'clock plenty of cold watet
was poured on the flues. The linings, being funk,
were raifed with frefh dung and watered. Having
prepared a nine-light bed for the young cucumber
plants, to-day I had linings put to it. To the north
Ude of the bed an entire new lining was applied, but
to the ends and fouth fide only half a lining of new
dung was applied, that is, about twenty inches of
rotten dung was fuiFered to remain in the foundation,
of the fouth fide and end Hnings, fo that the height
of frelli dung laid on was only about twenty inches.
The dung applied to the north fide had lain in a fer-
ment for fome days, but that of the fouth fide waa
frefh from the flablesi

Tuefday^ Odober 22, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6 — — 4^ W. Cloudy, nearly calms

7 80 85 49 W. Ditto.

8 78 85 51 W. Ditto.
10 78 85 S3 E, Hazy.
12 76 85 60 E. Ditto.

1 82 85 58 E. Ditto.

2 81 85 57 E. Gloomy.
4 js ^5 54 E. Ditto.

9 — — S9 E. Cloudy,

The frames were uncovered about 7 o'clock in thd
morning, and covered up in the evening with about
two inches thick of hay and mats. In the morning the
plants were ftopped, their leaves thinned, and the
fruit, in bioHom fet. The end linings were taken
down about twenty inches, and made up with hot

IT dung.

^o6 MANAGEMENT OF THE

dung. The bed for the young plants was covered np
in the evening, five or fix inches thick with hay and
mats.

Wednefdajy Oclober 23, 179 J.

Hours. S.Tli. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6

—

—

46

E. Hazy.

8

80

85

48

E. Ditto.

10

81

85

Si

E. Light clouds.

12

84

86

5»

S.E. Ditto.

2

87

86

55

S. E. Sunfliine.

4

78

86

.52

S. E. Light clouds

9

—

44

S.E. Ditto.

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with about
two inches thick of hay and mats. Air was given
day and night. About half an inch thick of fine
mould was laid on the furface of the bed among the
branches of the plants. The fhoots of the plants are
run thick and flrong.to the fides of the pits, and
fome of them are run upon the tiles of the flues. In
the afternoon cold water was poured plentifully on
the flues,

TJmrfday^ Oclober 24, 1793.

Hours. S.Th.

P.Th.

Ther.

Wind.

6

34

S. E. Clear, and nearly calm

8

74

83

3^

S. E. Sunfliine.

10

84

84

44

S. Ditto.

12

80

84

51

S.W. Thin clouds..

2

74

84

5^

S.W. Ditto.

4

73

83

49

S.W. Ditto.

5

68

83

48

S.W. Ditto.

7

—

44

S.W. It rains a little.

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock in the

morning.

CUCUMBER PLANTS. 3C7

tiioming, and covered up In the evening with about
three inches thick of hay and mats. The air in the
frames of the bed, to which a lining was applied on
Monday laft, being come to a proper degree of heat
this afternoon, I planted the plants in it : In doing
which I turned them out of the pots with their balls
whole, andfet three plants in each hill, covering their
balls with fine mould, three inches up the (terns of the
plants above the furface of their balls. In the even-
ing the lights of thefe frames were covered up after
the fame manner as that of the old bed. The young
plants juft planted are beginning to break forth their
fhoots after the firfl flopping.

Friday^ Odoher 25, I793»

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. V/ind.

6 — — 45 S.W. Hazy.
8 "jj 84 47 S.W. Ditto.
^o 75 ^3 52 S.W. The fun appears faintly

through lofty clouds.
12 79 84 56 S.W. Briik gale of wind j it

rains lightly.
^ 7"^ ^3 53 S.W. Fair, cloudy, windy.
4 68 83 52 S.W. Ditto.
^ — — ^5 S.W. Cloudy, and a (Irong gale

of wind.

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with about
three inches thick of hay and mats; In the forenoon
the plants were flopped, their leaves thinned, and the
fruit in blofTom fet. Air was given about 9 o'clock
in the morning, and taken away between 4 and 5 in
the afternoon. The air in the frames of the nev/

U 2 put

^OS MANAGEMENT OF THE

put out plants was kept to nearly the fame^degree o^
heat as above* The plants look well.

Saturday^ Oclobef 26, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Thcr. Wind.

6

—

_- .

55

S.W.

Cloudy, and a (Irong gale

8

80

85

57

s.w.

Ditto. [of wind.

10

78

ss

5^

S.W.

Ditto.

12

80

85

59

s w.

Ditto.

2

ye

84

5B

s.w.

Ditto.

4

70

84

57

s.w.

Ditto.

5

74

84

56

s.w.

The clouds look rainy.

9

50

s.w.

Drizzling rain.

The frames were uncovered a little before 8"
o'clock in the morning, and covered up in the even-
ing with hay and mats. Between 4 and 5 o'clock in-
the afternoon the flues and mould clofe adjoining to
them were watered with cold water, and then the;;
lights were fhut down for the night.

Sunday^ OEloher 27, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Thcr. Wind.

6 — — ^o S.w. Cloudy, and but little

wind.

S.W. Some drops of rain fall.

S.w. Small rain.

S.W. The fun glimmers.

S.W. Cloudy.

S.W. Ditto.

S.W. Clouds here and there.

S."W. Clear, and nearly calm.

The frames v^ere uncovered about 8 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with hay and

mats^'

8

81

86

53

10

76

86

55

11

80

86

58

s

78

86

58

2

75

«5

57

4

72

85

S3

9

—

—

44

CUCUMBER PLANTS. 309

mats. Air was given at 8 o'clock in the mornings
and continued day and night,

Monday, Oclober 22, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6

—

3^

S . W. Clear, and but little wind

8
10

76
80

^5
^5

39

44

S.W. Ditto.
S.W» Sunfliine.

12
I

«5
9'

85

86

5^-
52

S.W. Ditto.
N.W. Ditto.

-1
J)

93

86

51

N.W. Ditto.

4
9

75

S5

50
37

N.vV. Ditto.

N.W. Clear, and nearly calm.

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with about
two inches thick of hay and mats. The plants were
flopped, their leaves thinned, and the fruit in blof-
fom fet. Air v/as continued day and night.

Tu'efday, Odober ig, 1793.

H^iirs. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

6 — — 44 S.W. The iky is red a good

way up the horizon, .^
S.W. Cloudy, and a brifk gale
S.W. Ditto. [of wind.

S.W. Ditto.
S.W^ Ditto.
S.W. Gloomy, windy ; the

clouds look rainy.
S.W. It rains.
S.W. It rains heavily.

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock in the
i^Oi'mng, and covered up in the evening with hg.y

U 3 and

8

70

83

47

10

7^

83

53

J2

75

«3

54

2

70

83

54

4

68

82

52

7

—

—

5'

9

—

—

51

8

70

S3

34

,io

76

83

37

12

80

83

42

2

75

83

42

4

70

83

40

9

—

:

33

310 MANAGEMENT OF THE

and mats. Air was given in the day- time, but the
lights were ihut down during the night.

Wednefday^ 06ioher 30, 1793.

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

5 _ — J 2 S.\¥. Clear; there had been a

heavy rain in the night,
S . W. Sunlliine, but little wind.
S.W. Ditto.

S.W. Flying light clouds.
S, W. Clouds here and there.
S.W. A light fhower.
S.W. Clear^ and nearly calm.

The frames were uncovered about 8 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up in the evening with hay
and mats. Air was given at 9 o'clock in the morn-
ing, and continued till evening.

Thiirfda^y 06loher '}y\^ ^131*

Hours. S.Th. P.Th. Ther. Wind.

S.W. Clear, aad nearly calm.
S.V7. Ditto.
S.W. Sunihine.

W. Ditto.
N.W. Ditto.
N.W. Clouds here and there,

N. Clear, and nearly calm.

N. Ditto.

The frames were uncovered at 8 o'clock in the
morning, and covered up about 5 in the evening with
hay and mats. In the morning the linings were
raifed with dung frefh from the ftables. About
noon the plants were flopped, their leaves thinned,

and

6

_

—

28

8

74

83

z°

JO

19

83

34

32

84

84

37

3

%\

84

42

4

72

84

36

5

70

84

32

9

— -

—

29

CUCUMBER PLANTS, 3II

and the fruit in bloflbm fet, and the mould adjoining
to the flues was watered with water about 80 degrees
warm. The young plants were watered and flopped
the fecond time. Air was given a little before 9 in
the morning, and taken away in the evening.

TO carry on farther the account of the management
of the plants would be fuperfluous. I have cut fruit
from them in ten months of the year, and fmce they
were cut in, their fhoots laid, and the flues cleared
of mould, which was done on the 4th day of O6I0-
ber, the plants have flruck root afrefli, and are now,
this 3 1 ft day of October, in a vigorous, healthy,
flourifliing ftate, with fruit fliowing plentifully, and
fome fet ; and if the weather prove favourable, per-
haps fruit may be cut from them in November and
December, and, by good management, they may be
enabled to continue producing fruit during the greateft
part of the year 1794.

From the 2d of Odober 1793 to the 25th of
January 1794, not the fmalleft grain of fnow was
perceived to fall at this place, and during that time
but very little wind was ftirring. On the 25th
of January the wind from the weft rofe very high,
and about i o'clock fome fnow fell, and the mercury
in the thermometer funk to 27.

Sunday, January 26, was clear all day, and a
ftrong gale of wind blew from the weft.

U 4 Monday^

312 MANAGEMENT OF THE CUCUMBER PLANTS;

Monday^ January 2^^ 1794.

Hours.

, S.Th.

Ther.

Wind.

5

■—

25

E.

It begins to fnow, and the win4
is boifterous.

7

— -

. 27

E.

The ground is covered with
fnow about 7 inches thick.

S

30

S.

The fnow lies on the earth
about 10 inches thick.

9
30

IS
69

32

30

w.

w.

Fair, windy.
Sleet falls.

%2

61

25

N.W.

It fnows, and the wind is ex-

1

67

30

N.W.

ceeding high : It blows
quite a temped.
Clear, the wind is fallen.

A

61

26

N.W.

Clear, and a briik wind.

8

—

21

N.W.

, Clear, and nearly calm.

The frames were uncovered at 9 o'clock in the
morning, and covered about 4 in the evening with
about three inches thick of hay and mats. Air was
continued day and night at every light.

APPENDIX.

Though the newly-invented method exhi-
bited in this book, has been but a Hiort time pub-
lifhed, I have the pleafure to behold, and know it
to be put in pradiice and approved of by gardeners
of much longer practice, and in fome refpedls of
greater abilities, than myfelf. Nor have I heard
the invention fpoken againft by any perfon what-
ever. Indeed I have had from different parts of
the country, the private congratulations of feveral
ftrangers, for, as they term it, '' my ingenious
invention." And for a public recommendation of
the work, I can with fatisfadion refer the reader
and the curious to the Critical Review of Janu-
ary, the Monthly Reviev/ of February, the Bri-
tish Critic of July, and the Analytical
Review of December.

Two years are now elapfed fince I finiflied wri-
ting this volume ; and after that length of time, of
additional experience, and- a review of the work,
I can fee no reafon for making any alteration or
addition to the method therein held forth, one
thing only excepted, viz. A gentleman near Lon-
don, in the autumn of 1794, having built a bed
after my plan, his gardener putting it into pradlice,
loft his plants feveral times in the courfe of the
following fevere winter.

Having

314 APPENDIX.

Having called on him, I no fooner faw the inlide
of his frames, than Texplained' to him the caufe of
his failure; which was occaiioned by the mould in
which the plants grew, not being raifed high enough
above the flues, the flues left vv^holly bare of mould,
and a pov/erful lining of hot dung high up againft
the iides of the frames, quickly drying the flues,
and thereby divefl:ing the air too much of its nutri-
tive vegetative powers. By means of thefe, the
leaves of the plants appeared' as if they had been
afFeded by the fl:eam of rank hot dung.

In the treatife, I conceive, I have given fufficient
dire(5i:ions for guarding againfl: fuch unpleafant
confequences ; neverthelefs, I fliall here obferve,
that it is the fafefl: way to keep the flues confl:antly,
from the time the plants are put in during the
winter, covered with about one inch thick of
mould, keeping it moifl:ened with water as occalion
requires.

By experience I find it a very good way to fow
the feed in the hills of mould in the fruiting bed,
and to earth up the Items of the plants gradually
as they advance in height. But this method cannot
be pradiifed without plenty of dung to begin with.

ADDISCOMBE PLACE,

No'vember I, 1795.

'-^