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H'HM'^-UM-4i MM^^'M<M.^U Mk^^-H-¥-UkM ^'iil^^¥^■^^■^Vi■V I Ufi 4A^^-H'^"^M-M ^i'ilU-khmU-4t M-nH4HlUil i^' i^r- r
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Two BOOKES
Of Gonftancie,
IVritteninLatine^ by luftus L^pllus.
Containing, prwcipalliey
A Comfortable Conference^ in common calamities.
R
rw
And will fcrucforafingular confo-
Uitionto4U thatareffiuatefy diJheJfedyOr affii- ffedytither in htfy $r mind.
EngliflicdbylOHN STR
Printed at London by txi^xiatw^v/iiuvo,
at the figne of the Rofe and Crovpne neere ^.Andrcwcs Church in Holborn. 15 94« ^
1 o the right vvorfliipfullSir Sdward Stradlhg Knight,
Ailing lately vndertaken (right Wor- iTiipfull) the tranilating of this treatife into the cnglifh tongiie,intending to gratifie you therewithal thinke it not amifleto fhewe the rea(onsthat firft moucd mec there vnto; Now after it had bene extant in the latinefomany yeares, and of them not a fewe hath lien negledcd in my ftudic without attempting any fuch matter. It may ther- fore pleafc you to call to remembrauncc , how about Chriftmas laft,m aider lames Thomas a ftudious gentle- man ^yourkinfem an and my good friend, commingto yourhoufeto vifit you , wee happened to fall in talke of fomcbookes wherin I had done mine eudeuour by tran- flating to pleafure you; Am ong which I chiefly approucd that f^jwherin Ilaftlabouredjbeingby the Author ther- ofvcrylcarnedlyhandlcd^Sihauingandtable Subicttc , tawit,matterofpollicic and gouernmente in peace and warrc. Wherevpon the gentleman recommended vnto mean other excellent booke of chat argument, vpon which he wifhed me to beftowe fome paines for your pleafure, whom hee perceaucd to bee greatly delighrcd with fuch exercifes. I promifed him fb to doe. But at his returne to London (oone after^hc aduertifed me that the
A 2 fame
The Iftjile ID e die At or ie. fame bookc was englifned,vvhich in deed is very wcland fiifficiently pcrfoiirmed by a learned gentleman, with no fnall labour to him,and(ome eafcto me . Afterwardes fcingthe method of this writer fb much pleafcd mec, (aslthinkitcandifpleafenoman thattaketh pleafiireiti reading) I called to minde this trcatifc of CONST AN- CIEjwhich came to my hands about ten yeares paft^bc- ing a ftudcnt in Oxford. And confidcring of it with better aduilcmenttheneuerl did before, itleemcdvntome a work not vnworthy your good confideration. And ther- fore albeit I know welyour iudgemet to be very fufficicnt in vnderftandinglatinc writers far more profounde theii this:yet afwell to make the fame fom what more familiar & plainc vnto you,as alfb that you may impart it to fuch ofyour frcnds asplcafethyou^and finally to fhew my rea- dy difpofition in gratifying you to my power,! haue redii cedit intoenglifh, Ifeare me, with more haft then good fpeedcj not hauing fpent full fiue weekes there abouts^as you very well know ♦ Wherein I trauelled with the more paines for bringing foorch this vntimely birth^ to the end it might reccauc his perfcftc ccnfummation againft this day ofyour birth^whereunto I had refpede when I firftc tookthcworkinhand.Andthus learneftly recommend the preferuation of it to your fauorable protcdion^pray- ing you to acccpte in good part my litde labour, procee- ding from no little good will . And fo I wilTi to your felfc & to my good lady your fpoufcall happines,befceching God longctoprefcrue you both . From my chamber in your caluc of 5aim DonattsThe xiij of lunc 1 5^ 4.
loHTfoorc kinjmm to commmii
lohn Scradlingi,
TKeEpiftle to the Reader.
)^Tt€r Ihadtranllatedthis treatife [fre/jdly reader) \ndprefentedittohmforwhcJefrtmte n)fe Un- it ended it, being moued thereunto vpon occajion in hhefirmerepiftle declared: itfeemed not amijjeto the patron to ham the fame puhli^)ed for the benefit of many, Whofe iudgement Icotddnot but very irelapprcue in rejpe^ oft he matter, being both comfortable and pie a f ant to be redy andwithallvery orderly laid down ^ndhandled after an vn- accuftomedyct mo (I familiar) manner .
Vnderftand^that I hxuefor bremtiesfake furpofely omit^
ted the epijlles before the bookc,whtch are threc:{being loath
to ^eflerre thee ivith apacket of letters At the firfl)Onely Ida
here alleadge ottt of them a few things -written by my Author
in his 0 wne defence. Andfirji whereas fome menpretendhe
hath not hmdled this argument deuoutly enough in that hee ^^^^^^^^^ f^j
applieth not places ofholyfcripture to hispurfo/e:As heaccep ^^^ Awhor*
teth well oft heir admonition/o his anfwere is that feeing he
frofefeth himfelfe herein no diuine^ but aphilofopher^ (yet a
ChriflianphiloJopher)they ought to be are with him. Hee ac-
knowledgeth the only direB path -way tofaluation to be com-
prifedin thofe [acred bookes:but that good letters withal^and
the writings of philojo^hers are both aneafemdhelpforvsto
Attain vnto the vnderftanding ofthem,anddofttrther vs in
the way ofvertueandgodlinesJhowfoeuerfomnewBomiti'
msmaintaine the con^trary,feeking to abolifi all good arts &
knowledge in humanity . That he ivriteth fo highly in corn-
mendatton of RIGHT RE AS ON, although fom ttmes with
tbe words of the Aucientsyet he accopteth no reafonpure or
right except it he direct edby God & illumtnated by faith. Jf
in writing ofdejliny& other likprofoud matters his tongue
{through an ardent e andearnejiintenteofagood meantng
mind)hafnedany wher to trip orhis^en tofltde-^Be not thou
t09
ThcEpiftlc too rigor (44 towards him for it.heyealdethte amend rvhat fo- euerlhalheproued amtfje. Heprofejseth himfelfe efthe nam- her ofthoje that haue go dime fc rather in he arte , then in their mouth-^ Andliketh not the time that is fruit e full of re^ ligious , andfruitelcfe impiene , Finally he ^ none of the fe fubtlefophifttcallianglers^ that f lace vhilofohie in the qt^i^ ks and quiddities of crabbed quefnons. But he direcieth his ft u^ die to the forming of goodwannersyandmoderating of af[i c- t ions ^( ef f e ct ally f car e^andf or royv in aduerjitie) ivherehyhee may at length hefafely harbored in the hauen of a contented mind, A notable tejlimonie nhereofhee hath left vs in thefe two bookes , to the Jingular comforte of all that liflto reade them.
In cnglifdngivhereoflhaue endeuoredthe hefll could to ferfonne the due tie of an interpret er ^ keeping aLvaies the die wanfl -I orsT^^ ^^^ meaning of my author^yea the very nordsprecifely doings herein, in aldeftnitions^dijlributions^diflin^iom &Juchlikeprtnci falheads ofmatter^de cyphering them in a greater leiter-^As the places quoted cut of other writers^ malejser. The mar -r ginallnotesappeare to be of two fort es'-^ Some anfrering to the place ftn the text dire^ly agamfl themjeruingfor quotx tions or expo fit ions: ( with thefe letters a,b.c. O'c ) Others containing a briefefumme of the 'whole matte f of each chap- ter by aperpetua,ll continuation ^as if all of them were but one intire note . t^ndeuenfo the contents hcfere eucry chapter haue not alwates in them aperfeS and full fenfe^ but depende many times upon the contents nexte following . In all thefe Jfweruenotfrommyprintedcopie^fauing that I haue ad- ded a few mar ginall notes for expofii ions fake where neede required . Laftly I haue with fome more care and diligence of mine owne, reduced the fumme of both bookes into a large andplaine table containing the argument of the whole con- ference vnder one viewe, the better to helpe thymemorte, ifitpleafetheeto confiderofthe matter, vpith more mature deliberation, , ,/ •
'if thou reapeanypleafure or profit by this difcottrfe^giue
thankes
To the Reader. thar^ks [next into God )tomy Author -^then to the patron, for ivhom onelydndhyvphome the fame iva^both englifljedand puhlifljed • For mlyie o ivnepart I dejire no more hut curteous Acceptation of my trauaill, I hope I de ferae no lejfe . ^^^lit' tie good-will md a few good wordes for many dates work^is novnreafonahle rewarde: t^^ndhe that grudgethtogiue fuch bare wages, as I would be loth to be his man \ fo ifhtm'^ felfe were bound toferue a badmafler feuen yeercs after the fame rate, I wot well he would miflike his penny-worths be- fore thatprentijJjip were expired^ and euer after looke ono- ther mem labours with a more fauorable eie . But for thet ( curteou^s reader ) at whofc hands 1 doubt not to receme bet- ter entertainement, I beg hartely of him which giucth euery good gift ^ that by reading & meditating vpon this little tr f 4 tife , it wtllpleafe him to worke in thy mind fuch a fir me im- presfion of CON S TAN ClE,as neither the violent flouds of common calamities may be able to wajl) awayy nor the fir ie flame of priuate af fluxions to confume the fame: But that as aplantfet in goodground.watredwith the fruitfull fire ames flowing in {^l) goulden andfiluer ceflerns from thefweete (a)imanethe fount aine ofL\f{\us,andcomeighedto thee through the fe Greek <wdUtm clayie conduit e -pipes of my tempering^ thou maifl take deepe P^^^fi^* roote^andflanaimmoueahle againfl all the blafies of fortune^ neither terrified with fear e offuture mifljappe, nor difmaied for anyperillesprefent or pafl Which vic^wy though itfeeme full of difficulty, yet if thou take vnto thee the armour and iwepons here off ered.hautnganindifferent courage of thine owne^ thoujhalt affuredly remaine a conquer our rft ho fe felfe - affeciions^which do tirannizeouer thegreatefltyrants^hoU ding their minds in moreferuile fubteclion, then they do the bodies of their vtlefl captiues , Farewell. Fromthecaflleof Saint Donatts the xxiiii day ofK^ugufl, rsp4-
Thine to do thee good:
lo.Stradling^
The Printer to the curtcous Reader.
TNperuJin^ this hooky if thou find any f nulls -which hme ef Kapedin the printings I pray thee to correB them with thy Pen. i^fterwardsreade the book thoroughly ^Andhelicue me no more, if thou findnot thereinfuffcient cmfe te thmke thy Ishour vpellbefiowedi
%.
luftus LipfiLis his firft
Bookeof CONSTANCIE. Chapter. I.
ui Preface afidintrodti^iion : Alfo a coniJ^Uint of the troubles of the Loyve-cHntrej/eSt
►Fewc ycares part, as I traucllcd towardes Yienrta'm Aitflrich ^j^ I turned afide ^noc ^ ^^^^ wQ, a i without Gods dirc^ioa^to the towne of V^iU/ L/>^^,beingnotfarout of my way, and ^
where I had fomc ftiendes, whome both for cuftomCjand good will I was pcrfwa- ded to (alutc* Among whom was C^4r/<r/ XuAngim^ a man Tkepriifcof (fimphe and without boafting be it (pokcn) for vcrtue and Charles learning the chiefe of the Flemings^ \Vhohauing rccei- *-^"g'us» ued me mto his houfe^tempcred mine entertainment, not only with curtefie and good wil^but alfo with fiich com- munication as was profitable vnto mc,and will be whiles Iliue.Forhewasthcmanthatopcnedmine eyes by dri- lling away the clouds offomc vtilgarc opinions: he fhcvv- ed methepath-way whereby I might dhrcdly come (as^ L//rm/A^ faith) f^^cSloci^><^ S^^^^"^^ To the loft ie temples of Sages right ^ By the cleare heames of Learnings light. For, as we walked \n the portch ot his houfc after noone, the hot funne towards the end of June , being in his full lorce, he asked mc friendlic of my iourncy^and the eaufcs
B therof.
a THE FIRST BOOKE
ihtreof To whom when I had fpoken much of the trou- bles of the Low-conntrics^oftbe infolcncie of thegouer- "Pte mifctic^r nours andfouldicrs, I added Mly that I pretended other ofcmilwirs. ^^^-u{'es,butthis in tructh was the eaufe of my departure. tor(IaidI)whoisot:ro haidand;flinty ahcartthat hecan ank longerendure ihcfe euils ? wcc are tofled, as you fee, thelc manic yeares.with the tempcft of ciuill warres : and like Sea-faring men arc wcc beaten with funcrie blaftcs- of troubles and fedition. If IlouequietnclTeandrell,the Trumpets and ratling of armour inceirupc mcc* If I take folace in my count rcy gardens and farmcs, thefoul- diers and murtherers force mec into the Townc. There- fore [LangiHi) I am rcfokied, leauing this infortunatc and mdimdeYs. vnhappie Belgtm (pardon mee my dcarc Countrie) to V w^ yjii$, chaungc^W for U-zidy and to flie into fome other part of the world 3 v^herglmaji neither hcau of the name^ Korfa^^s (^a)P.eitnnxt ofU)Pe/oVs brooder Jn Mc^^&^c>^rpu^ ^}Mc^ h^nB hcryn^ -
ribie iiiccji H^veat LangtHs much maruclling and mooucd : yea
andmHYther (friend hiffins)zn6, will you thus leaue vs? Yes trulie ((aide ^^vcrecommit- jv j ^^jj ^j^j-^^j. j^^^^ you,or this life, How^ Can I fhe from
thefeeuilsbut onely by flight? For, tofccand (nfferthefs
tliingcs daylie as heretofore J I cannot, har.gms^ neither
hauc lanie plate of ftesle about my heart. L^^^^/^j (igh-
cd at thcfc wordes , and- therewithal! (aide vnto me, O
tonde youngling, whatchildifhneile is this> Or what
mindcftdiou to fecke fafctie by flying away ? Thy coun-
,j,j^gjy^^ljjgs trey (Iconfcffe) is toiled and turmoyled giieuouilie:
oJ Emops. W hat part of Europe is at this day free ^ So as tliou maift
which doc conic£f urc that &ying oiAnJlophaKes to proue true.
^bu<;rno n ,or ''thundering lupter vrill tnrne all thirgs vpfdti doivne .
<£.oiiucifion. Wi'^crefore (Upfius) thou mud not forinkc xiyfcoun^ _^ tr.cy,but thyafteftions. Ourmindcs mult be fo confir-
^ med and contornKd^that w^c noay bee at reft in troubles;,
and
OF CONSTANCIE, 5
And hauc peace eucn in the midft of warrc. Hereto I» raftily ynoiigh^rcplicd: Nay furclyj wil foriake my coun- trey, knowing that it islede gvkk to heare report of c- nils , than to bee an eye- wmieffe vnto them : Bcfides that, ^ comttiofl thereby we ourfclucs fliall bee without daungcr of thCyo^^^ng^Q*"* lyftes: ^Ylu-ke you not what Homer wifely warncth > Beehia , to flee ' out of the weapons reach * leaflthat haM[y fomeman Adde ^w "^"^^"^"V noHud vnto another^ lji&c\WV' ^h WO TU £(f^£Ak&' Oi^HJoiL^ /.^,
£xWcLt96L. h^Qju^ i/iiU^ vuJLvviAfi, (C^aT
CHAPT. 11.
ThattraHeillijig into forreine countreyes is ttot auatUblc A^ ga'tnfl the invcaYdemalladtes of the m'mde: That it is it tcflimome of them , but not a remedie againfl thsmy-e^ cept on lie in jlcight and fir [i motions of the ajfetiioTt^
-eX"
Lv^;?^/;?jbcckening fomcwhat with his head • I hear^ ^^^^ ^^^^ - thee {Lfpfiusjbm I had rather thou wouldil hearken to opinion con- xhevoyee ofwifeiomeand reafon^ For thcfe myftes fu«d. and cloudcs that thus compafle thec^ doe proceedc ftom the fmoake of OPINIONS. Wherefore J fay \vi:h Diogenesy Thou hait morciieede of reafon, than oi^hoyc^ t'ropc. That bright beame of reafon (I meanc ) which may ^[}fois^ illuminate the obfcuritie of thy braine^ Bchold.thou for- fakeftthycoiintrcyiTellmeingoodfoorh, in forfaking it, canft thou forfakc thy (eltcalfo? See that the contranc J/j^o*^^/f "*^ fall notour: And chat whither foeucr thou gue, thouca-inounducs, rie not in thy brcaft the fountaineaod food ofthinc owne gricfe* As they that beholden with a feuer, doc toffcand'^^^''^^^^* turnethcmfelues vnquictlie, and often change their beds cJs^^^nno/ * through avainc hope of remedie: In likccafcarcwec, ufcethcma* who beingiicke in our mindes doc without anyiruite, ^*y • wander from one countrey to another* Thisisindeedeto g^j^^j j,^ bewray our griefe, but not to allay it. To difcouer this wr*y them.
B2. ill-
4 THE FIRST BOOKE
inward flimCjbutnot to quench it: very fitly f;iid that wife (a) llomain C.Itu proper to aficke per [on not to [ptjfer af)ie thr/ig (a)Scn:ca, long^htit t o vfe mutatwiu inflced of medtc'wes: Hereof proceeded rcandringper cgrinations ^eir}dwalkir:gs onfundry [hares ' And our I N C O N S T A N C IE, ahrahi loathing thirges prefcnt^ one whiles vrillbe vpo» thefea , and incontinent deflres the land^
(h\ ofh'^ ^f^TherforeyoLi flic from troubles alwaycs,butneuer cfcape mdos. thcm,notviilike the Hinde that (^) V/>^/7rpcakethot,
kVhd ranging through the chace^fome hunter pjootinu f<ir by chdxe Allvnaveare hath fmit ^<tn din her fide hath left his lance, ^hefijl to wildernes and vpoods doth draw^ and there complaines^ But all in vaine:bccaufc as the Poet addeth,
— 'Xhat vnderneath her rthbes the deadly dartremaines. So you that are wounded with this dart of affedlions, doc not (liakeitout, but in traueilling caric it with you to an other place. Hce that hachbrokenhis thigh or his arme, lylteth not, Itrowe,to goe on horfcbackc^or into his chariot, but to a Surgeon : A nd what madncffe is cliis in thee, to feeke remcdie of this inward wounde by motion, and trudging from place to place? Foritisadif- j^. jj chemind thati^ wounded^and all this external im- mind. becilitie,difpaire ^ ianguifhing,fpringeth from this foun-
tain e, that the mind is thus poftrated and caft downe. The principal! and foueraigne part hath let fal the Scepter,and IS become fo vile and abie(S,that it willinglie feructh his Which no ownc feruautes* Tell me^what good can any place or pc - phcelmh rcgrinationworkcin thiscafe? Except happily there bee cure jTj^j^^ region in the world which can temperate feare, bri- dle h operand draw out thcfe euill drcgges of vice, which wc haue fucked from our infancie* But none fuch is therc^ no not in the fortunate Hands : Or ittherebe, fliew it vnto VS,and wc will all hafleii thither in troupes^
Bat you will fay, that the felfc mutation and change,.
hath
OF CONSTANCIES f
hath that force in it: Ard that the daylic beholding of llrangc b(hions , men^and places doih i clixfh and hghccn the mindloadcn with opptelsioiis. No (L//'/^) you arc }^'|}/^^^'/^^^^^ dLCciued.For.ro tell you thctructhplainlie, I doc not lo oraheratioji. much derogate from peregrination and traueiihng, as though it bare no fway oucr men and their afte6lions. yes verely, it auay.lcth , but yet thus brrc, to the cxpclHng of ^'
feme fmalltedioufnes ar]dwearinefleofourmnidcs5not AltWighttc to the curincT oi maladies rooted (o dccplv,a^ that thefecx^ ^^^^^ ^;^ I'g^
It 1 . Ill -A M r ^ tenandlcllcn
ternall mcdicmcs cannot plucke them vp. Mulicke, wine, ^^^^^ y.-^^ ^^ and flccpchauc oftentimes quenched the fiifl; enkindled tedioufnes. (a) [parkcs of anger/orrow.and loue ; But neucr weeded out any fetted or deepe rooted griefe. Likewifc I fay, that ^"^f ^;^^''''^' trauelUng might perhaps cure luperficiall skarrcs^but not fyji motions n* tibftanciall fores. For, thefefirft motions hauing their o- g^inji^eafiny I'iginall from the bodic, doeftickc inthebodie, oratthe J,^ ^r7it'cra- moftdoebutcleauetothevttcrvclmeof the minde (as a ted and centu man may fay)And therefore no maruellisit,thoughwith ^'^^/^£^^-'' a fpoongcthey be lighdy wafhed away :Otherwife it is of difc.fc^. olde feftercd affedions^ w^hich hold their feat, yea &: (cep- Yet old fc- tcr in the caille of the mind. When thou hafl gone far,and ^^",^^^f/* wandredcuericfeaandihore , thoufhalt neither drowne dimiihcd 6y them in the deep fea , nor burie them m the bowels of tjbe fuch outward earth.They will followthee at an inch : And (as thcPoet faithjfoulc care will fit clofe in the skirtes of footman and horfinan*
One dcmaunding of Socrates how it came to pafTe that his traueliing did him no good3ecaufe(faid hee) thou for- fookeffnotthyfelfe* So fay I, that whither foeuer thou flee 5 thou cariefl with thee a corrupt minde, no good companion. And I would to God he wer but as thy com- panion,! fear left he be thy captain,in that thine aflcftions loUowHOtthce^butihouthcm^ *
B3 Chaf.
meane«.
^ THE FIRST BOOKE
CHAPT. Ill,
.Bnt deep e fct led dtfiafes of the mind are not taken away iher^ hy^no yjor any whit mitigated : Bnt rather remned. That it AT the mind which is fiche in vs, which mupfeekjemedie from \/Vi[cdomc and Conihnck,
Y Oil will fay then, what? Doth trauelling detrain no? thing at all from thcfc great cuils? Doth not the figh t I'icuccita. of farrc fieldcs, riuers and mountaines put a man out
of his paincsht may be they withdraw vs from them, btityet for a very ftiort time,and to no good end. Eiicn as api6lurebcitncuer(oexquifite,delightcth the eyes alitlc Anaincliagc whilciSo all this varietie ofperlons and places pleafeth ^cmctrtf" ^^ ^^^ thenoueltie, yet but oncly for a fhort fcafor\This ibmc folacc, ^5 a cercainc declining from euils^but no ziioid'm^ of them: which in And peregrination may well be (aide ro flacke the bands jrmh IS not. offorrow, but not toloofcthem. What doih it boot me to bcholdetheSiinne(orareafon,andimiiiediadie to bee But the mil- ^^^ vp in a clofe prifon? So it commcth to pafle that thcfe chiefs arc ag> cxternall pleafiires do beguile the mind^Sc vndet pretence fhcreb"'^ of helping^doe gready hurt vs.
Like as medicines that be wcake in operation doe not purge ill humours, but prouoke them : So thcfe vaine delightes doe kindle and enflameinvsthe fewcilofaifc* fliions^Themindftraycth not long from itfclfe^ but whe- ther it will oi* not, is (oonc driucn home ta his oldc har- bour of aduerfities. Thofevery townes andhillcs which thou (halt behold for thy comfort, will reduce thee in con- ceit into thine ownecountrie: And cuen in the midll of thy ioyes thou (halt either fee or hcarc fomething that wil rub-rawe the olde gall of thy gricfes : Or els if it he fo that thou take thy cafe a whiles,it wil be but (hor t as a flumber, and when thoaawakeftthy fcucrwill be as it was, or .. "~ ' ' ' more
OF CONSTANCIE 7
more ferucnt. For we fee that fomc luftes doe encrcafc by intermitting tlicrn,&: by dclaycs gather deeper rooc.Ther> forc(L/^/«j;let pafle thcfcvainc,yca noylome, notreme- dieSjbiitpoyfons: and bee content to endure the true cu- ring; corrafines. Would you faine chanec countries? nay t^c^''"* '«:
11 -1 £ 11 r 1 • n. J medic conn*
ratiicr ciiangcyourownemuKl wrongtuUy lubiectcd to i^^th in the. afeclions.andwithdrawnefrom the naturall obedience change ami oHiis lawful LadieJ mean R E A S O N.The corruption '^^'^^^l °^ and defiling whereof eaufeth in thee this difpaireSi hm guifhmg. The mind muft be changed, not the place : And thoufhouidcft transforme thy felfeintoan other mar^^ner ot man^not into another place^ Thou haft an earneft dcfire to fee the fruitful country of AufTria^i[\Q good ftrog town xhe cun'mis oiYien'rja.Dtirjawe the chief riucrs.with many other rare "^,^^°V'*'
, ... , ... II ncllcrsabouc
uouelties which may worke admu'atton m the hearers> cxternilmat- Ho <r/ much bcttef is it that thine aflFcftion were as firmly ten. fetled to the obtaining of wifedome?That thou Ihouldeft walke through her tertlc field es ? That thou wculdeft fear ch out the very fountaine ofallhumaine perturbaci- om> That thou wouldeft qiqDl fortes and bulwarks wher- JV^'c^ wera with thou mightefi: be able to withftand and I'epuIfethcr^^fcrVcd^^o ^ furious aiTaules oHuftes > Thefc bee the true remedies internai;An4 of thy difeafe , all the refidue doe but feed and foibr the ^/"^^ a lame, inis thy wandermg mta other countries iholl ting%ore notauaile thcCjit fliall nothing boot thee, thanflwiing
To p'^jfe Jo ma-riie towrtss ofGreekjJh Und^
Orfcapc hj flight through wids of hoftiie harj^ , .
For thou ihaltftill findc an eneraic about thee, yea euen in ai^^^ics com- that clofet ofthme. ( And therewithal! hecftroke me on 5y"'°h^^n4^*' the breaft) what good will it do thee tobc^fctlcd in a pea- witLy*. cfpWeplacec'Thoucarieftwarrc with thee* What can a quiet habitation benefit cfaee?Troubles arc cuer about tJicc
B4 " yea
t THE FIRST BOOKE
yea in chec. For this dillradc .1 mind of dii nc wnrreth , and
eucr willbcatwarrewichitfclfe^in coueting^inflying^in
Thcrforc wc hoping^iii dcfpairing. And as they t/iat for fear tiirne their
muft refill 5c backcs to their cncmics.arc in the greater Janger, hauing
fo^rrow^mth ^hcirface from their foe,and their backes vnarmed. Sofa-.
thewelposof rcth it with thcfe ignorant noiiiccs 5 who nciiec hauc
Confi^ncte. made any rcfifl-anceagaiiill their affedions : but by flight
yceldedvnto them. But thou young man, if thou be ad;:
uifed by me^flialtftand to it, and fct furc footing againfl
this thy aduerfhric S O RO\V« Aboue all things it be-
hooueththectobe CONSTANT: For by fighting
many man hath gotten the victory , but none by fiy ing*
CHAPT. nil.
The defimtions (?/Confl:ancie, Patience,Righ t Reafon, Opinion: ^//(?^<7jj' Obftinacie dtjferetb frem Con- ftancie , and Bafcnefle of mind from Patience.
I Being fomewhat emboldened with thefc fpeachcs of L^«^/«/,faidvnto him, that truliethefe admonitions of his were notable and worthy to bee ef Icemed^and that I began now to lift vp myfelfcalittle^butyet in vainc^as it were a man in a flumber«For (urclyfLa^igius) to tell you the tructh 5 my cogitations doe Aide bacK:e againetomy ey^and the cares of the fame both priuate and pub'
couqtl'c
r.:;H^^/Wtf^/;likg^fan:inmymindc.But3ifyou bee able, (^)chafe away Trmfh^ ^^ thefecuill birdes that thus feed vpon me , and loofe thofe tvhafeheJtis bands of cares wherewith I am tyed fait to this Caucafus. centinudiyfed Hcreto h^ngms W\i\i a fmyling countenance rcplyed:
^ndyft^fonQc- ^ ^^'^ ^^^''^^ ^'-^^^ away,and like a new borne Herculef wil
metbnot. let atlibcrtiethischavncd/'r(>w?ff/?r;//: oncly giucattentiue
care to that which I Ihall (ay vnto thee. I haue exhorted
thee toCONSTANCIE,and placed therin all hope
^ of
OF CONSTANCIES 9
of thy fafecic. Firfl: therefore wee muft kno wc wliat it is. CONSTAN C\^ is aright ^nd immoueahle ftrength of the minde^rjeithprltftedvp^norprejfed do'Vf:e with externatl or Wnitcon*
cafMall accidefites.'] By S T 11 E N G T H , I vnderftaiide a "^""^ *^'
ftcdfafbicffc nottrom opinion , but from iiidgcment and
lound rcafon . For I would in any cafe exclude O B S T I-
N A C I E (or as I may more fitly tear mc it, FRO W- ^yj^^^. q^^^^.^
A R D N E S) T'Vh/ch is a certaine hardneffe ofafiubhernc mind^ nacie or f ro- f roccedif/g fy'om pride or v.'theg/onc] And this HARD- wardncs is.
N E S is oncly in one rcfpcdl incident to the foward and obftinate^ (r or they can hardlie be prcllcd dowac, but are vcric eafily liitcd vp^not vnlikc to a blown bladder^which you cannot without much ndoe thrufi: vnder water , but is rcadieto Icape vp wards of it felic without hclpc^ Euen fuch is the light hardines of thofe men . fpringing of pride and too much eiHnlation of themfelueSjand therfore from OPINIO N<, But the true mother of Conlbncie is Conftmcfe P A T I E N C E,and lo wlineffe of mind, which is ,^ vo. f^^l'^^^ °^ inntarie fufferancewithot4t grudgiftg of all things vphatjoeuer cart Which is dc-J ha^fcnto^orinaman ] This being* regulated by the rule of ^"^'^* Kfght Keafo» y is the verie roote whereuppon is fetled the highand mighty bodie of thatfairoakc CONST A N- C I E 4 Beware herejeaft OPINION beguile thee,pre- ^^^ ^.^/^^ fentingvntothceinltecdof Patiaice, A certaine ahieBion guifliedfrom fir,d bafsncffe of a dafiardlie zw/W<r .] Bein g a foule vicc,procee- bifencflc of
ding trom the vile vnworthuieiTc of a mans owhe perfon^ "^^^ • But verue kcepeth themeane^not fuffering any exccfTc or - defe<^ in her adionSjbecaufe it wcighoth ail things in the ^fXiciaXc ballancco^RE ASON,niaking it the rule and fquire of twecn hauti- all hct trials. Therefore we define RIGHT R E A- »" and ba/er »S O N to be, A truefenfe and iudcrement of thtyiges humane and •'
diiiine. (So farre as the fame appertaineth to vs .) But O P I - ^^ iTw^whlc N I O N (beu]g the contraric to it; is dcfiiicd to bc^ Af^ilfe opiuion.
to THE FIRST BOOKE
and friuoictu COKleHfire of thofe thwtrcs^
CHAPT, V.
From whence Reafon ^md Opinion doe (frhg. The force and. tffetles of them both . That one leadeth VfJtt> Coil-
ftancie : This other r<rIncoiiftancy.
N
Ow for afinuch as out of this twofoHe foiintainc
of OPINION and REASON, flowcchnot
only H.irdinejfe and fVcotl:y;efc of mind , but all things
that dclcruc cither praile or difpraife in this hfe ; It
A more curi- fccmcih CO mc that it wil be labour w el , bcftowcd , to djf-
ousandcopi- courfc (omcvvhat at large oithe originalland nature of
on oi chcm tiiem both. For as woollc before it bcc endued with the
both, perfetlcoUoursofdyiiig is firft prepared thereunto with
Ibmc other kind ot liquors: Eucn lb am I to dcale with thy
micKi(Lipff4rjbdoYe I aduentureto die it wich this per fc<3:
purple in grainc of Conllaney.
Man confi- pij-ft you are not ignorant that, man confifteth of two
parw.^' '^^ partSjSoule and Body That bemg the nobler part , rclem -
blcth the nature of a fpirit and fire;This more bafe is com-
The fnindc pared to the eartb^Thefe t wo are toyned together, but yet
!y:7hrbod^e ^^^^ ^ iacriug concordjas I may (ay,neithcr doc tfiey ea-
bajfc & wrthy fily agrcc^elpcciaHy when c6ntioucr(ie arifech about fouc^
rainty Sc {ubicdion.Forcither orthem would bear fway,
^wcc'netVcm ^"^^'^^^cfly that part v/hich ought no:. Theeanh aduan-
* ceth it fclfe abouc the firc^and the dirty nature aboue that
which is diuincHcrchcnccarifein man d.ff£ntions,fl:irs,
A: acotinualconfli£tofthefe parts warring together. The
Rcatofiftri- captainsarc,REASONandOP INI ON.Thatfightcth
*^"^ ^o ^-^ r ^^^ ^^^^ foulcjbeing in the foule: This for, and in the body,
Ionic Sy. Reafon hath her offpring from faeaucn,yea horn Godrand
(ajifjm tais ^f^ff<^^ g^uc it a fiiigular comnieiida tio n^fay iiig^ (a) Thai
there
there ^vja hiaaen w man parte of the dmirtefpirit. Th IS rcafoil i^ ^^'' '^erji pte* an excellent power oi faculty of v ndcilbndinjT and ludp- ttt^'!!!!! mentjwhich is the pciTcttion or the loiilc,eucn as the loulc remaining in is of man.The Grecians cal it (:.\)Noun,tht Latines mentem^ ^^'^^j'J ^"*^i* and as we may % ioyntly,T^<r mwdofthefoule. For,you are }a) Nir.' dccciucd if you think altheloLil to be ^ight rea[on^wx.xh:\x. Mens /spm only which is vniforme>(implc, without mixcure/epcrate P^^^'«^ ^^« fromal filth cr corruption: and in oncword,as muchas is f^i°^'j'f^ pure &: heaucnlic. b'oi albeit the foul be infc6l cd and a lide i$ partaker of corrupted with the filch of thcbodicaud contagion of the '"^'^*°°-. fenfcs: yet it ictayncth fom: reliks of his firft ofipnng , and 'Z'^i^^^^ is not without ccrtaincdeare fparks oi that pure fiery ua vvhich yet i» lure fi'om whence it proceeded. ^^^^ ^'^/^ j*^
Here hence come thole flings of Coufcicncc in wic- m^rf/'^^^^*'* kcd mcii:Herehcncc chofc inward gnawings 6c fcourc^cs: herchenceallocommethit that the wicked cucn againft their wilsapproouevcrtuousliuing and commend it.For this good part in man may (omtimes bcpreiTcd down^but ncuer oppreffcd: 5c thcfc fiery fparks may be coucred^buc not wholly extinguifhcd.Thofc Jitclc coales doe alwaves fiiinc and fhew forth themfelues,lightening our darkneffe, purging our vncleanncs, direfting our doubtfulnes, gui- ding vs at the laft toConftancyandvertuc. As the Mari- gold and other flowers are by nature al waycs enclincd to^ wards the funnc:fo hath Reafon a rcfped vnto God , and "^k^'f^ red* to the fountaine from whence it fprang. It \^ refolute and/^'^ " alwai«» immoueable in a good purpofe^not variable in iudgment, ^°cfa °^' ^^ eucr lliunning or fecking one and the Iclfe fame thing : th6 tl"to con' fountaine 5c liuely fpring of wholfome counfell & lound ^^n^ic. iudgcment.Toobeyitistobeare rule, and tobccfubiea^oj*'j£"cs^^^ thereunto i^s^ to hauc the Ibucraintic in al humane af&ircs. it. Whofo obeyerh her is lord of al lufts U. rebellious afFciSi ons.'whofo hath this thrcd of T^^r/tf/^ maypaffc without
Cz rtray-
^^ THE FIRST BOOKH
ftraying cFiroiigh all thclaborinths ofthis lifcGod by tfiis image of f. is commctli viito vs, yea (w h ich more is) cucn into vs. And wdl (iiid one who lorucr he wcrcj 7 hat there^
ii no goo ^ mind without God^
line rhc oiher pait ( I mcanc O p I N I O N) hath his
Tliconainal oifpiinj^ oithcbodiej thatisof thecanh: And dierctore,
ot Opinion f^morcth iiothinf^biit oht.For thongh the hocic he fence-
and the body, Icffcand immooiicable otic fcUe^yccittakethhteandmoT
tion from die faule: And on the other fidcjit rcprcfcnteth
tothcfoiiletheihapesandfornfies ofthioges thorough the
• windowes of the lenfes . Thus there groweth a commu-
Howicfprin. nioH andfocictie betwixt the foule and the bodie^buta
|ethof;hcm (ocJetie (if you rcfpedt thecnde) not good forthefoule.
For fhe is theiby by htleandhttle depriucd other dignicy,
addiiled and coupled vnto the fenfcs, andof this impure
Th€ defiaiti- commixtioH O P I N 1 ON IS mgendred mvs.JVhichis
pn of ito mnght els htit a vaine image andfloadovp ofnafon : v^hofe feat is
the Scnces : whofe birch is the earth. Therefore bemg vile
and bale it tcndcth downwards, and fauoreth nothiiig of
high and heaucnly matters* Itisvaine, vnccrtaine, de-
OpimoNis ccitfulhcuillincounfelljcuill iniudgemcm, Itdcpriueth
pitWay tothemindofConfl-ancieandvcritie. To day it dcfncth a
inconflancic thing^tomoiiowcit deficth the fame* It commendetli
. thiSjit condenineth that, khath no rclpcfl to found iudg-
LcWff"* ^ ment^biit to pleafe the bodie, and content the knfcs. /^ nd
as the eye ch at beholdcth ath ing thorough water, or tho^
rougha myfl^miftaketh it: So doth the minde which difi-
cerncth by the cloudcsofopinions. This is vnto men the
mother of mifchieueSjthe authour ofa confufed and trou-
blefomeUfc. Bythemcancsofitwee arc troubled with
carcSjdiflraded with perturbations, ouer-ruled by vices.
Thcrcforc^as they which would bannifli tyranny out of
^dcdcdoaboueailthingcsoucrthromcaiilcs and fortea
OF CONSTANCIES i^
therein: Soifwcbcarexincarneftdefire to hanea good riiind^weniuftcaftdownccucDbythefoundatioiuhisca- filc of opinions^ For they willcaufcvsto be contiuuallie floting on the wanes of doubtful nes, without any certain rcrolution^murmuringjtroublcfomejiniurious to God dc men. As an emptie (hip without balafTe is toflcd and turn- bled on die fea with the leaft Mali of winde : Euen fois it with alight wandiingminde^^not kept ftcddic and poifcd w ith tlic balalle of reafon,
CHAPT, VL
Thepr^ffeofQonihnck- j4f^dau earncfi exhorution thereantQ,
THou feeft then (L//^/A^/;that INCONSTANCY is the companion of O P I N I O N,&: that the pro- pertfeof It \<, to bee foonechaunged,and to wifli that vndone,which a litlc before it cau£'d to be done^But CON ST A N CI E is a mate alwaycs matched with rea- An cxhorta- fon^Vnto this therefore I do earneftlie exhort thee.Why ^io"^® Con- flyeft thou to thefevaine outward things? This is Onclie ^*"^^^' that fairc beautiful! //^/^;^4 which will prefent vnto thee a rhc fruit and- wholefomecup ofcounterpoyfon, wherewith thou flialt force jkcrcoi* cxpell the racmorieot all cares andforrowes,and where- of when thou hail: once taken a cafi:e, hemgfirmelie fctled againftall cafualties, bearing thy felfc vprightin allmif- fortur.eSj neither puffed vpiior preyed downc with ei^ ther fortune, thou maift challenge to thy fclfe that great title^tlie necr cfl- that man can hauc to God, To he immoonc-
^bic, - '■ !'„-^':;
Haft thou not feenciii the armes and targets of fome men of our time,that lofty pecfie? {p)NettheY with hofc^nor ryyj r .^ VPhhf.nrfMih^ agree to thce:Th'ou flialt be a king indeed ^ili'*'*^
14 THE FIRST BOOKE
free indeed, only fubie£t vnro Cod, enfranchized from the feruile yoke of t^ortune and afte6tians. As /omc riuers arc ^imftforrow ^^^^^^ riinne through the Tea and yet keepc their ftreame & prQubla-. frcfh : So (halt thou paffc thorough the confufed cumultes of diis world,and not be infedcd with aay brynifli faltnes ofthisScaofforrowes. Anthou like to bee caftdowne? CONSTANCYwilliftthccvp.Docftthouflagger ill doubtfulnefeSheholdcth thee fait. Art thou indaun- gcr of fire or water^She will comfort thce^ and bring thee backc from the pits brinkc:oncIy take vnto thee agood courage, ftccre thy fhip into this pone, where is Iccu- ritie and quictneiic, a refuge and (an(2:uarie againft all turmoylcs and troubles : where if thou had once mored thyfliip,let thy country not onely be troubled, but eucn fliaken at the foundation, thou fhaltrcmaine vnmooucd; let fliowrcs, thunders , hghtcningcs , and tcmpcftes fall roundabout thee, thou ihalt crie boldlie witha loudc (£)Mfdlii VOyCC> (a) Ilicatrefiamidthewaues.
""*^' CHAPT. VII.
fVh/te, andhowemaniethingesdoe dift^trhe Cmft^ncte^That §HtWMrd food and emit things s doe it, Euils arc of tw(f fortes 5 Publike and Priuate t Ofthefe two ^ PMtke e^ uiisfeeme moft greemus and dangerous*
L
AngiHs hauing vttcrcd thcfe wordes with a more carncft voyccahd countenance than accuftomcd, I was fomcwhat enflamcd witliafparkc of this good firc.And then, my Father, (aid I,(lct me rightly with- out difsimulation call you fo) leadcmc and learaeme as you lift :Dired and corrcd me: lam your patient prepa- red to admit anykinde ofcuring,beitbyrazororare,to €ut or fcarc. I mull v(e both thofe mcanes, ^faidL^^^/w)tor ' ' ~ ^ ~ " "^ "^ that
OF CONSTANCIE. rj
that one while the ftubblc offilfe opinions is to be bur- ned away , and another while the tender ilippcs of affc- aioDS tobc cut of by the root. But tel me, whether had you rather walkc or ik> Sitting would plcaremcc bcft . • (quoth I) for Ibeginnetobehote. Sot!ieiTL^;7^/>//com- ' maunded ftoolcstobee brought into the portch, and I fitting clofcby him, hee turned himfellc eowardes mce, and began his talke in this niancr^
Hitherto (L//>>/;hauc I [aide the foundation wlicr- vpon Imight erea the building of my fluurc communi- cation. Now, if it plejfe you, I will come ncerer the mat- ter , and enquire the cauf:rs ofyour forrowe, forlmuft touch the (ore with my hande. There bee two thingcs rwocncmfcs that doe allault this caftle of Conf bncie in vs F A L <; F °^ Conftacic
GOODS,andFALSE E V I L S : I define them Sir ^."^^ both CO bcc, SHchthmgcs ^ ^c nctinvs, hmd.utv,:AnA " *
rohtchfroferlU doe not helfe nor hum the tnner man that U the minde] Wherefore. I may not call thofcthiiifres aood or cuillfimpheinfubiea and in definition : Butlconfeffe they areJuch in opinion, and by theiiidgemcnt of tbc common people. In the -firiicraDkcI place Kiches.Ho- nour, Amhoritic, Health, longlifc. In the fecond, Po- ucitie, Infamic,kckc of promotion, Si cknefle, death. And to comprencndc all in one word, whatfocucrcts is ac- cidental] and happencth oiitwardlie.
_ From thefc two rootes doe fpring fourc principal] af- Fourtdieft fcaionswhich docgrcadv difquict theiifeof man DE- '^'^''°'''
Lo fifft'h^^ ^7 ■n^^ R E and SO R R O W.The rfw
mo hrft hauerefpc<a to fome fuppofcd or imagined o«od' '"'I"".'' The two latter vntoeuilUAl of them do hurt and d&em-^^'^'^'^ pcrthemind,and without timely preucntion doc brincit iT" out of al order:yet not each of them in like fort. For whcr- ascbequicDicfli;aaclconftancicofthemindcteIlctli, as it
e rcil are refers
f^6 THE FIRST BOOKE
Kdwtl.ey were, man euenballancc,thefeaffe6tions dohinderchis trouble Con . vpriglit poifc and cuenncffc: Some of them by puffing vp FaUe^oods ^'^^ ^^^^^^i^^h^^"^ t^X P^^^i^^g itdowne too much : Buc by ddlr(j»and ^^uc I will let pafTc to fpcakcof foifc goodsjwhich life vp ioy. ' the minde aboue meafure(becaure thy difeafe proceedeth wfth fcal'aad ^^<>"^'^nochcrhiimoiuOand will come to fairceuils^ which Toiroy/. are oftwo forces, /'^^/^i^^ and ?r/>^^^. Pubhke are thofe. Two forts of The fenfe and feelinq %vhereof toucheth manie perfons atone andpriuatc. ^^^* Pnuate doe toHchfomefrtHatemeyi, Ol ttieni'lt kmde are warrc,pefl:ilence,tamine,tyranuie,flaughcersjand fuch like. Of the fecond be Sorrovve,pouercie, infamie,dcath^ and whatfoeusr els of like nature that may befall any one man, TKcdiftinaf. I take it there is good caufe for me thus to diftinguifli ^"^^^'■^^"^^'themjibecaureweforrow after an other fort at themife- CO the matter ^ic of our countrie, the banifhmcnt and deflruflipn of a multitude, than of oneperfon alone. Befides that, the griefes that growe of publikc and priuate aducrfities are difFerenc, but yet the firfl fort are more lieauie and take The gricfe deeper roote in vs. For wecare all fubic<3' to thofc com-? *^"?j°^^^^^mon calamities, either for that they come together ia nxiknlxl hcapes^aud fo with the multitude opprefTe fuch as oppoie moft heauy themfeluesagainft them : or rather becaufe they beguile nci^ofceu' ^^ ^^ fubcjilciciinthat We perceiuc not how our niindis difeafed by the apprehenfion of them . Behold if a man bee Bccaufcitac^ oucrcomc with any priuategrief,hemufl: confellethcria Yiow.^**^ his frailtie andinfirmitie:efpeciallie if he reclaim nothimii Becaufe It be- felfc,then is he without cxpufe.Contcarily, we arec fo far wflr^^/h' from confefling a fault in being di&juieted at publikc Qf hoLftir. calamities jthat fome will boaft thercot,and account it for apraifetforthey.termeitpietieandcompafsron. So that this comm jn contagion is now reckoned among the ca- talogue of vertues^yea and almoft honorx^d^s a God* , .../ :/:^ ~ Poets
OF CONSTANCIE 17
Poets and Orators do cueric wher extol to the slcjes a fcr- iienc aftcftion to our countrey : neither doc I difiillowe it, but hold and maintame thit it ought to be tempered with moderation rotlicrwiiC icis a vice,' a note of ujtcmpcran- cie,adcpofing of the mind from his right feat. On the other fide I con fcffe it to bceagricuous maladic, and of Bccaufc alfo great force to moouc a man, bccaufe the Torro w that pro- j.^ j^"^^"^- cccdeththerchcnceismanifold,in rcfpc6bofthy felfeand whicHi? pro of others. And to make the matter more plaine by e^ianvncd byex- plc:See how thy country of^:i)Be/gica is afflidcd \-vkh fun- A^orV/^/w*- drie calami ties, and iWingcd on cuery fide with the Tcort- das. ching flamcof ciuill warrcs : Thciicldesare wafled and fpoyled,townes are oucnhrownc and burned, men taken captiue and murthered>woracndefiled,virgins defloured, with Inch other like milcries as follovv after vvarres. Art thou not griued herewith? Yes I am fare, ard gricucd di- " ucriliCjfor thy (elf, for thy couatrymeujand tor thy coun- trev.Thy owne loffes trouble thecrthc miferic and flaugfe- terofthyneighbours:thecalamitieaud oucrthrow of thy counrrie* One while thou maifl: eric out with the Pocr, O Vffhappftvreuh^thaf I apt. Another while, Alajfe thatfr pt& 4itjj^(^l^n tnanie of my countrimen iljonldfHJfcrfuch affiiHton by the enemies q
hand, Another \vhilc^O my father^Omy cofif/trey^ Aiid\vho QVaf^' O/c^o^ iois not mooued with thcfc matters, nor oppcfTed wicfa the multitude of fo manic and manifold mifcrics , mufl cy? thcr be very fl-ayedand wife, or els very hard hearted.
CHAPT. VIII.
Afrtuention againfl fuhlike euils : Butfirfi of ally three affections are reflrained.And ofthofe three ^particnlarly in thU chapter is repreffedakind ofvaine glorious dtfsimHlation^vpherhy men t hat lament their owne private mis fortunes^ would fe erne thai they hewaile the common calamities,
D What
tf THE FIRST BOOKE
WHat thinkc vou(Lr/>/rA!/> haue I not betrayed C O N ST A N C I E into your hands in plea-^ diijg the cau fe ofyoiir ibr ro w ?Noc (o. But hcre- in I hat.c plaidcthcpnrcofai^ODd Capcaine, in trayning out al your trcups into the ftcidto the end 1 may fif^ht itciit manfully with them. Butfiiit I wil begin with lieht skirmiflies and afterwards ioync with you in plainc battel. In skirmifhing 1 am to iiiUult foot by foot (as the An- cients focakc) three afcflions vttcr enemies to tliis our ^ CONSTANCIE. DISSIMVLATION, PIETY, aiJ^^fc' COMMISERATIONorPITTY. Iwil begin with.the mics to Con- firft otthem. Thou Liydt thou canft not enduie coiec tHefe ftancic. publikmiferies.that it is a ^rie£veaei:cn a d:ath vusothee. ox difsimuU- Speak you that rrom your heart , or oneiic irom the teeih lion. outward?herewithalI being tomwhatangiyjasked whe-
ther he icfted or gybed with mce. Nay^'quoth Langipts-)! fp cake in good earned for tliat many oi y ^ur cruc.doe be- ' Wliich hoi- ax\\\^ the phv{icians,makine: them bcleeue that the pubhke
dcth manic ^ .,, , ^ ' . r Y. l • \ rr - \
mcnforvain cuilles doegneucthem , when their pnuateloiics arc the giorie. true caufc . I dcmaund rhercfore agatne , whether the care
(a)Qua te mmc (^^)which now doth hoile andJMk m thy. hrsaJh^Q for thy COUIl
7Tfub%lu7e^'^'^^^^^^^'^^^^ ^^^' ^^^^y own?whar(raid I)do you make a que-
fixA.rii.^%A. ftionof chat? Surely (L^;?^/V//)for my countries fake alone
am I thus di [quieted. See it be fo(quGth he)for I maruel that
thcr fhould be in thee (uch an excellent fincerc dude which
few attain vnto^I deny not btit that mofl men do coplaine
of common calamitieSjn cither is there any kind of (or row
fo vfuallas this in the toiigncs of people. But examine the
matter to the quick, ^ you (hall find many times great dif-
Bccafife iliey fcrcncc bctwixt the tongue and the heart. Thole worses,
bcwaile their My coti.Htries cnlamitieafflicis w^xaurie witll themoiC vain-
°T^T^T S'^^y ^^^^^ veritic* And as it is recorded in hiftories of P^-
notp^iike /«4-a notable llagc-playcr^that playing hispaiLondieilagc
~ ' " ' ' where-
OF CONSTANCTP* r^
w herein it behooucd him to exprellc (omc great forrow, hcbroiicrhtvvichhimpruiil/the bones of his dead fon, &c lo the rcmel'ranccthcrotcauted him to fil the theater with true tearcs indeed. Eiien To may I fay by the moil: part of you. You p by a Comedy, &: vndcr the pcrfon of your coun try, yoube wail with tears your pr mate miferies One faith The* \v ho I t:v or Id t^ a fi\xge-f! ay. TzuVic ill this cafe it IS fo^Some cnc out,The(e ciuil warns corment vs,ihc blood of inno- cents (pi!t,the]offc of lawcs and liberties Isitlo?IfceyourThcrFore w« lorrow indeed, but the caufcl muiifcarch oiitmorenar- nmfticarch row^y.Is it for the common-wcalchs fake? O player,put off cau(e" o^^^ttci thy vizard:thy (clfe artthc caufe therot VV^e iccoltentimcs ^forrowcs. thecounayEoores trembling and running together with ca;»neit prayers when any fudden misfortune or iniurre6li- ofi approch:? h, but as foone as the daungcr is paft,cx.imine the vYcland youfhal pcrceiuethat cucrieone vvasafeaidof his owafijfd &: cornjl fiicfliould happen to be kindled ia this cittie we (haul i h.v.ie a ecnerall out-cry:thclame &: al- moiltftcblind vvoul J liaftcn io help quench k. What think you?For their couiitri^s Like? Askc them and you Ihail fccjic was,bccau(e the lollc w<"uld haue redounded to al,or at the leafl:,thc feare thereoi.So fiiicth it out in tins ca(c. Pubiike e- uils doe moouc &: difqui^^t many men.not for that the harmc touchetn a great nunibcr,but becaulc themlelues arc otthat number^
CHAPT. IX.
The vipirde of D tjjlmtilatwn is more fUinlie difcdueredjpj exam'* pies. By the way mention is made\ofour true conntrte.A/fo the malice of men reioycing At other mem harmes, when they them feiites be wit ho fit darjger thereof
\W'Herefore your fclfe lliall fit as ludgc in this caufe, but ^ yet With the v^e remooucd fa:5 your facw^You fcare Di die
lo THE FIRST BOOKE
^bJ^k^^^^^i thewariT.rknow ic*Why?Bccaufc warred raw cth witfr aotlsrhcv* ' npuniilimencandcieflnidlion.To whome? Toochcrsat •re piibiilce- tliis prcfeiit^buc it may bc/hortly to you/Bchold the hcad^. om^rTu K* b:holdtliefouniaincofthyrriefc; For as a thunder-holt: loiTcsarc loi^ hailing ftrtckcn one maa,makc:h all chat Hood necrc him rc4 thereto, totrcmblcrSo in chele vniucrlall andpuiilcccalamicicSjthc fear thereof ^ '^^" touchcth fcw^thc fcare rcdoundeth to alL which fcarc ifit were away, there would be no place for forrowe. Be- hold, if warrc be among the Et liopians or Indians,it mo . (FiaHnders) ucth thee not:(thou art out otdangcr) iht bee \:\{Belgic.t) thou wcepcil:5crycii: our^jubbcft thy forehead , and fmitell thy thigh^iit now ifit were fo that thou diddeft bewayle the pubHke cuils as pubHkc, and for. themfckics, there fhould be no difference had of tliecbetweenc thofccouu- ^ tries and this*
Thou wilt favjitisnoncofmycountrie. Ofoolc:Arc
P "u?n'c^^°" not they nien/prung firH out oi the fame ftock with thc:>
touch pgoiir liuingvndcrthefamcglobcotheauen? vppon the lame
country. molde of the earrh ? Thiniccfl: thou that this little plot of
ground enuironcd by fuch and fuch mountaincs,compaf •
fed wi:h this or that riuer,is thy countrcy? thou art dccei-
i^cd^The whole world is our countrcy, whcrcfoeuer is
d!?th^f2nhcf the race of mankind fprong of that celeftiall feed. Sccrates
tiinthccom being askedof what countrcy he was, anfwercd: Of the
mon people y^orld^ Fora high and loftic mind will not fufFcr it fclfe to
IVa^u' ! a- be penned by O P I N I O N within fuch narrow bounds^
pinion only but conctiucth and knowcth the whole worlde to bee his
^^^ r^ jT*^* owne^W c fcorn and laugh at fooles,who fuftcr their ma-
^'aiahf, * ftcrs to tie them witha ftrawcor fmall threcd toa pofic,
where they ftand as if they were fettered laft with iron.
Our foUic is not infenour totheirs, who with the wcake
linke of Opinion arc wedded to one<:orncr of the world..
But to Ictpafle chef: dcepc arguments (which I doubc
how
OF CONSTANCIES ir
how thou wile concciuc of chcm) I demand Jf God would ^"V|h*f ^" a(TurcthccinthemidsoUhelcbroy'c\%th;it thy fields ftiuld "(onoJiiot bcvnlpoyled^thy houf:and('ibftaiiccin fafetie, and thy forthcloue iHtconfome hiorhrnounraine placed out of ail dauncrer: o^^'^^s"^'- wouldcit tnou lament roraiknis? lam loth to atnrme ©fours. k of'thce,hutcei*taine I am there be many that would bee gladthercof, and fi.cd their eics grccdilie with the (pc£la- clcoKuclvbloudy butcheries. Why turneft thou afide^ WMiy marueileft thou lKrcai>Such is the naturall corrup- tion of ma ri, that (as the Poctfaitli)it retoyceth atothermens harms f^ And as fomc apples tlierc be though bitter in the bdlie.vet reiliihins; fwcct m ta(i:e:Saarc other mens raifc- ^^l^f^^"^^
'' f \ \ ' c t ^ o r , at the harmed
nes,wcourklucsbeingtreen*omthem,Supporcamanbe of others, pro ontlieihorebetioldingafhipwrecke, itwiUmoouc him uethittobcc fomewhar, yet truelie not without an iowardc tickling ""^' of his mind, bccaufe he feech other mens danger, hi mfclfc being in fccurity.Eut if he m perfon were in that diftreffed lhip,hc would be touched with an other maner of griefe. Euen fo verclie is it in this cafe.let vs fay, or make what fliew we lift to the cuntrarie. (a) For we bewaile our own^ misfortunes carneftlie and from the heart, but publikc ca- lamities in wordcs onlie and for fafliions fake. Where- ^Vl^^^ tore (L/;/«/;take away thefc ftage-hangingcs,draw backe oLlvvvI'^l the curtain that is afore thee,and without al counterfeiting ^^*'' f^^ftrtune or diflimulation, acquaint vs with the true caufe of thy /X^^w^Li
forrow* vntuis.butan
CHAPT, X. T'''Vrr'l^
^ comflaint againft the former fharfe refrehe^fonofhzimius: '/'^^'^^ *'^'*^ But he Addeth that it is the part of a PhUofofher fo tojpeake plt-ct^^ free lie. Hee endenoureth to confute the former diffntatton Jf caking ofdntie md lone to our conntre).
P 3 This
i» THE FIRST BOOKE
THis firft skirmiQi fecmcd to mee vcric hot , where- fore intcnuptinp him I rcply^d^what libf itic of fpcech is tliis that you vie ? Yea what bitter tainting ^ Do you iiuhis wife pioch and prickemc^I may well an fw ere you witll EHripides woi'des,
ro %d' S CjytlHii^&i^ Adde not more grief e vnto my (Irong difcafe^
ex-
pcd Wafer cakes or fwecte wine at my handes: hut ere
whiles you dcfired cither fire or razor .-and therein you did
wcL For I am a Philofophcr {Lipjius) not a h idler : mv pur-
pofe is to teach, not to entice thee : To profitc, not to plcafc
thee: To make thee blufti , rather dian (mile : And to make
thee peni;:ent,not in{blent.^T/;^/2-W/<' ofaphiUfofherisM
t!ic flurpc ^ Pkfjitians pJoppc{ S o faid R ffff^s oiice) whether w e m nil: re-
ipcech of a -,^ for health, not br pleafore . That Phyfirian d.illyeth
«!eth to who! oot , ueytiicr rlittcrctci : but pcarceth , prick e..h , razeth , and
foroocsnot withthc Cauoric fJt of ^ood talke (uckech out ch^ fiirhie cor-
debghtfuinc ruptionsoftheminde. \ VVherciorc looke not hereafter of
me for Rofes , Oyles.or Pepper : but tor thornts , Liniciiig
tooles,wormwood,ai:id (harp vmcgcr.
Here I tookcliim vp,(aying:Truly(L^«^/«;<) if I miy be
Co bold as to be plainc with you, you deale (carce wel or cl la -
I'itaDlic with me: Neither do you like a lloiK ckimpion ouer-
come mc in lawiiill ftriuing , but vndermine mee by llcightcs
and fubtikies. Saying that I bcwaylc mv counrries calamities
fcynedly 5 and not for good will to it : wherein you doc nice
wrongs For let mc contcffe freely that I haue f3mc maner of
By ocafion regard to my fclfe,yet not wholly. I lament the cafe of my
he paiTeth to counttcy priiicipalliCj and fo will doCjiiltlioLighthc daungec
f "' a^ ff^ ^^ ^^ ^" extend not in any fort vnto me. Good reafbn is there
|ion; ^^^ why I ftiould doc fo< For lie it is diat firii tcceiued nice into
OF CONSTANCIES tj
thisworld^nndafrcr thacnourifhcd dnd bred mc, being (by common confeiit ol:' all nations) ourmofiauncientand holicfl: mother, Bui you afttgnc me the whole world for my coun- ^''e praife of " trey , Who denies that ? Ycc withall you may not gaine- °'^' ^^^'j^'J,"^. %, that bclidesthis large and vmucriallcountree, there is /TnroT'con'^* an other more neerc and dearevntomec, to the which lam iun<^ionw]th ty cd by a (ecretc bond of nature, except you thinke there bcc " ^^ "''^''•" no vertueperfWaluienoratrraaiue in that natiucfbyl which vveefirrt touched wit/i our bodies, andpreffcd with our teete: where wc iirft drew our breath : where wc cryed in our in£incic, pkiyed in our childhood, and exerciled our ieliies in manhood. W here our cies. axe areaqu^intedwith' the firnximcnt, flauds , and fieldes : where hauc bene by a long continuance of diiccnts onr kinsfolke/iicnds and com- panions, and h manic occafions of loy befides , which I may cxpearm vaiiic in another pare of the world. Neither is all this the fiender pack-^th rcdcf :0 P I N I ON(as you would haue it leemc) but theftrong facers of nature her fclfcXook vponail other huing creatures. The v/ildcbeafts doe both knowe.and louc their dcnncs : andbirdes their ncaftcs Fi- J^^^ewifc /a flics in tlie great and -eiidicffc Opcan- fca , dcfirc to (iioy °!h" P"'„ foi^ certaine part thereof, What needc I fpeakc of men? as In.l """^ Who whether they bcc ciuill or barbarous, are fo addi^ ftcd.tothis their natiuc foyic, that whofoeuer beareth J;^^^^^^f^^^^^nvwtli:iaeucr rcfufc.to.die for it , and in it. TherciorD (U^^fjf^) tins. ncNvJoimd rut ioas phvlofohic of yours, Lncither pcrcciueos-ytt the depth of ft, ^ nor mind to make profe(sion thereof,. I will liiicn rather to ^hattruefayiiagof£..^.^.. — ^Ko^r^^/^^ i<^
P4' CHAP^
H
THE FIRST BOOKE
CHAPT. XI.
Jlere is coftfuted th^ (econdafeBionoftoomuch loue^o onr CQH'Arey : whieh lone u falfiie tenrme^V\^l\C, iVhence this affcctton fpyirigeth, and what is;Our coumrie ^ropcrUt
andtrtilie.
The former all'gitions difprooucl (A)Ant$ntiu furnameJ Pi-
This affeai- on IS vcric vnfitly tcar- mcdby the name of Pietif. VVhic Pictic
(h) For there are reckoned g iindsofpictie. Towards Ced Dur country & furcnti, .
Our couwy defcructh noc the titlt of mother.
THen Langim fmiling reply cdiCcrtes you arc a mcr- udlouspictous young man: andltcaremcthat the (a)bvothcr o{ Mafjctu ^Mtffmus is iiowc indanecrto bcdepnued of his iurname. Bac it fallcth out fidic that this affcftionofFcrcth it fclfm (allyuig before his En- figne: I will adaulthim therefore, and onerthtowchim lightlie. Andfirftwilll take from him the fpoylcofthac precious garmcat wherewith he is vnworxhilic attyicd. ThisafFcdiontoourCountrey is commonlie called Pie^ r^,that is P I ET Y: why it ihould bee fo named I neither (ee,nor can fuffer it, For,wbeicfore fhould wee call it by the name ofP lETY^whichis an excellent vertuc, and properly nothing els but AUaofnll anddue honwur andlouc towards God affd our parents,'] Why fliould our country bec placed in the('^Jmids between thclef Becaule(ray thcy)it is our mofi: ancient and holieftmothcr.O foolcs , iniurious to reafon and nature her felfe: is (he our mother? How? or whcrfore?Truly I fcenafiicfa rcafon:And if thou {Lipfiw) itthoubefharperfightcd'thaiTl, lighten mydarfce fenlcs* Is it bccaufe (he firil: rectiifaed vs into this worldc ? (for fo thou feemcdit to affirm bcfore)So might anic Tauerner or Innc-keepcr. Is it bcc<iure (he chen(hetii vs?much better doth fom: fillie maide or nurfc Js it bcciufe (he nourilheth vs?So do cattell^trccs,and corne daylie : And(among greater (ubftances which doc borrow nothing of the earth) the fii'mamentj airr, and water^FinalliCjCliaiigc thou thy habitation,and eueric other
part
OF CONSTANCIE «j
part of tlie world willdocthus miich for thee. Thcfe aTC floting^and fleecing wordcs,fauoring of iiothiiicr^ but an vnplealant mice otP O P V L A R O P I N I ON.They iilonc are our parents rhat begar,fhaped and bore vs : wee be feed otchcirlccde, Woud of thcirbiood , andflefhof their flcrfh, Ifany ofcncfcthingi^s agree any wayes to our countrcVjihcn Iconaflcthac 1 -goe about wrongfully to bcrcauc it ofchisduticof p I ET.Y*
You will (ay chat great learned clcarks hauc fo fpokeu of it. They hauc in deed fo fpokcn/oUowing the common opinioiijbuc not chat they wercfo per( waded themfelues^ But if thou \vj1c tjllow the trueth.thoii Ihalt atcribLitechat facredard high citlc to God,andalfo,ifchouthinke good, vveowpictv to our pa^entc^ : Eur as for this aficclion to our councric toCod.and (bcid^firitbwdiedandreih-ayn'^dco am.ean)lct it bccon- ^cm" y*' tenred m Gods name with the title of L O V E or C H A- louc to our
RITY. country.
Yetisthisonclva contencion about the name; let vs come neercr to the thing ic felre \ V hich I do not wholly takeavvay,bnttemperate,andas it were, Icarrific it with ^j^j^j^ ^^^^ . the huncelocotRIGHT REASON, Forasa vincmuftbctcm- if It be udtpruncdjfpreadeth ic felfe too tarrc abroad : So P^^^* doaffcdions flie about with hill faylebcing blowncwich the plaufible pufFcs of popularitie.
And notw ithfi-anding here by the w^y I cOnfefrc(for I am not degenerated from a man^nor horn a citizen)! con- feilej fay,thateucric one of v.^ hath an inclinarion and good- will to hislcfler coun:ry«The caufcs whcrof 1 pcr- ceiue are to you vnTaio wnc.You would liaue it to be fi'om P''<^"j» w^2'c» nature:But the truch is, it growcth ot cuftome,or of lome fpnnmh. decree 5c ordinanccForakcr that men forfouk then* wild Fromcaftom and fauadge mancr otliuing^and began to build houlcs and ^^^^"^ walled cowncs^to ioynein focietic, and to vfemeancs of-
£ tciiiiuc
2^ TTtE FiRisr BdOKfi
Ycatlic caare f^-nfiucS: dc fell fill c: Bchold then a cerrainc communion nc-
Wliywe \oih: rr -i i i i • • • J-
our coil ntiic cciianly bcganiimongch'rm.anda bcial participation otcli- i ! ,f or th:tt wc ^eL•s rhi!ic;s*.Tbcy p.u'tcd the earth between them with ccr- fomVwkit of ^*^^"^' limits 8^ bolindscThcyhad Tcmpks in commonialfo o-utowiic. market placcSjtrcafurresVfcatc's of ludgcmcnt-^ And prin- cipallic ccreir^onicsjlites, lawes: AU whicli thingcs our (^rec- Am\ lo tlie o- ^iiincilc began in time foto cflecmc Sc m^ikc account ot, as if ofis"l'oucoT tficy wereoui6wneih' parvicilar? andfdbe they m fomc our klucs. fort^foi that e44cry priui!t<^ e iti^ei> tod .oirt' ' nfC'tefi 'ii^ tfictW, neither did. they differ trom p'riuat-: poilefs- ons.fauing that they were not wholly in on^ mans power. This corifoci-ati- on andi'Uldwfhipgauethefonnc andfafi]ionioanc\V ero- ded fbrc,wh^'drnow'wc'tal prnpn-ly dieG'O M MOI^^ VV E A LT H, or oVr Caij»tre/.\W hrreiirw^hcii meii (aive the cIiicFefl: flay ota»ch pcrions (afecic toconfif^awdv^erc Stren^tlicncd enactcd for trie luecour anddcfence thercoi: Or at tlic Icafl t"*'"^^'^"!^'''^ luchcultomcsw^rc rccciiicd by tradition from thcptcdc- and 1.1 vv; \nd ccilors CO their polteritiCj that grcwc to be ornkc torc.e asf tiut for the hvvcs. Hcr.chcilcc ir cbitiiJicth lo pailc' that ^Ve teioyCe at ^izofEnzo!!^' ^'^^ goodoit'thctbmmQn-wcalthjand be (bcie for her harm: Bccaulcourowne priuate goods are fccurcby her fafcfie, and are loft bylicroucrthrowe* .From this fountamcdoe fpringthcfti'eamesOt our good- will and louc towardfs her:w hich affeftion in refpedt of the common good (the (e- erete prouidcnce ot God leading thereunto^ir anccft ors cncrcafcd^byallpolsiblcmeanescftabliftiing and iDamt.ii- ning the maicfty ofthcir country. Eulclcnt ar- It appcaretb thcrforc in.myiudg.ment, that this affc6lion' ?^'^'*^^c""a-^^ had his beginning from cultomcjand not from na-iurc , ar noiofnati^rc youpretcud. Els why Oiould notihc fame meafureoithat jfirft m that aftcdion he indiflerendv in allmcn?why fliould the Nobih'ty Eot"^^c" ^iT Si'nchmenhaur.morccareortheir country, than thepoorc «L'^chc!l^thcr- pedpIe,Who qdnimonly cakecare tor djcir priuate mattciSj^, wnh, "■ ■ " ' ' but
OV GONSTANCiB. 17
but noneatal for thcpLibli!ccaftiircs?which thing falleth one ochcrvvifc in all pafsions tliat be goucrncd by the inlUrK^: of ii^ture, Fiiwlly whac reafoncm you iillcadgc cjiat fo Imall aud Sccondlic m . li^|)taji,occarionfliould.otcGntin)csalIwagc,ycavvhol!y ex- ^'''^V.^" "'^'' tiiiguiin It? bcc nowc cucne day iomc roi* angcv , lomc br fhcd.vca louCj fomc for ambition fodake their countrie ?And what a wholly or- jmiiltitudc arc drawn away by that Idol Lncre: How many I- ^^"S"^-^^^* Faluns iorlaking ItMie the Queen oi countries only for grce- dineflc of gainc hauc rcmooued theic dwellings into France Geruf^^jie^yc.icwQnmtoS.v'matia^. Howc many thoufandc Spaniards doth ambition draw daylic inso another worlJe from vs; Thciiargumcnts pro one inuiii :ibliethat the band vU^erciiy.vsfG^'^rcHpked ditisrooiir cgaiitricisbuc external m4 ^cchicaUSy . in^xhai: it is i^ c^nfilic. btok^ixbypne wiordi- x^tciali* . V-. ., ;. :-;■ .< ■ - . . . .
;:>. A4oi coucr (L //>/?///) you are grr^atlic; dccciucd in iicfcri- h''i2 thiscouorric ofours:Foryoutvc~it veric iiarrowlicto ''^«fP'^'«n
T ' • ,'1 I L ' II I 1 touchioc our
thai: aiatiucii -'ylc wUcrc.wc, wci;e boTncata.dhpd pur educate particuiS
on,witbi other like friuolo js allegations^- from w hence you count.y^ij
labour in vaine to pickc ouui^miall cau.esojf our aftc»Stion *^°"^^^^^'
t-owaf^^ her, And \{'\x. bcthc r.atiu« loyle wlicrc wee were ir ;* n^ . o„.
borne tbat^ucleriiCwh this title o.' our countdc,, thea were natsuc %!c.
J^rufeflUs only my countreyj and IJfcaKum yours: and to fomc
other nian^apoore<ottage or cell: yea vnto inany, notib
much as a cottr>ge3but a woQd,p^ els tlic ppcniif Idf wl^at the?
Sftal my good wmI,6c afieftion bee fhui; vp wjtliin thole iwr-
row wals:Slwl I fettle my diipoiitiqn^ loiie.ypp one town
or houfe as my co untry ? w hat folly were that.^ , You fee alio
diat by your defcription none arc happier dian thofc that arc
borne in the w oodsand open fields>which arealwaies flouri*
fhmg,5^ Icldomc or ncucr be fubicdt to defolation or wail-
ixig. No,iX),our country is notas ypu take it , But it xs^Some ^Vhat tnt^
E Z frincf If,
4? THE FIRST BOOKE
jrtnce\prone /^wtf: which I confcde we ought to loue^to dc- fcnd,afid co die for it: yet muft it not driuc vs to lament, waile anddifpaiicWdl Lud the Poet.
\x ruw f\ b e ^ hap'te cjHarrell fs it ah'd a.goody
^ ^ r' n • Fo r Countrtcs caufe to fp end our dsarell blood.
rnaDrullic. * « i i j- -"
He Ciith not that we mould weep andu.irentj but die ior
And oot cffc our eountrie.For we mull: fo far ioorih btc good common-^
^'^l^t^^'^' wcalthK-men,chacvve'alfo rctaicedac pcr.onof gooil and
hontft men,which we loofc it we betake vs to ciildifh and
womanlike lamentation- .
Lail:ofall(L?;/«ijIwouIdchauethec leannetbis pnc:
The iccrcc l^i(]d;^^n and deep myfl:crie,that it we ie{p':£i: the wiioUuia-^.-
mc^n touch- tutc ot man 5 all thde eanhlie countries are vau^e 2fnd i'Mf
jngour coun lo tcarmcd,e}«ceptcnly in lelpcit ot the body, and not of
*^y* thcmindcortoule, which dclccndmsidowne from that;
bighctl habitatiOn^dceirfcth^Uthe whole earth as a gsolc
or prifon : but heauen is our true and rightfull countrty,
■whether let vs aduance allourcoc;irations, that wee may
freelielay with Anaxagoras to fuchas toolifhlic askc vs,
whether we haue no regarde to our countric ? yes verelic
but yonder isourcoiTncrie,litdngouL finger andinmd vp'
towards heauen* .^ t
CHAPT. XII.
T he third ajfeFi:/o» trrfdled^TT hjch is Cor/tmiferattGn orpittf* tpg^heing A vice . It is diflinguipj ed fr om M crcie* ' Howe y and how far jorth we ottght to vfe tt.
LAf7gins\\\ih this conference hauingfcattcrcdabroadc- fomedarke myites trom my mind: I befpake him thus. A^y Father, what by admonitions.and what bv inftru- S:ions you haue done mec great j^ood; foth.it it fccmeth I am now able to moderate my afte£i:ion towardes die na-
tiue
OF CONSTANCIE, 19
ciue fbyle, or common-wealth wherein I was borne: But ^P^%'^^**
^ ^ % r c r ^^ i tllC attention
not CO wards the pcrions ormy tcllow-citiicns and conn- o| comrrifc^ try men. ^ or how fl^orld I iicrbee rouchc d and toimcntcd i.-tion or pit: with the calamities oimy coiuitrcy lor try counircymcns ^>*"»' £ikc, who arc to (led in this lea o^adiiet'fitics, and doc pcrifh by (un'dry misFoitnnes? Larghts takinc^ my talc by ihc end: Thisisnot^quoth he) properliefbrrowc, but rather com- mifcrationorpitcyinq-^vs'hichmuitbcdclpifedofhim that ^^'*^^»* "°« IS witeand conlrant ; whom nothing to vhv\m belecmcth as wifcm^n. rfeddin^eiL' and ftcdbllnes ot coiirage,wHicb he cannot re-- tainr^ii he be<:aft downe not only wn'th'his owne miftiaps, biitaifo at other mens^ WbatSioykal lubtiltiesarethcfe (faid I./Wilyounothauemetopitbi^-^n other mans cafe? Surelic it is a vcttue among good m.en, and ftich as hauea- nie religion in thcm^
; I dcnic that (faid LaftgiusyAud I triift no good man will ^eftlirr » ic be offended wit'^ mc,if I purge the mind 6i this maladie ? a chnftian ^ for ic is a vcric Aiungerous contagion,and I iudgehimnot if it be righrv farfromapirifiilftatc, that is fubicd topittying of others. ^icconUdcrcA As It is a token of naughtic eyes to waxc w^try w hen they behold other blear eyes: fo i s it ohhc mind that m.otirncth at eueric other mans mourning. 1 1 is defined tobc^Thefatt/t ofafj abieEi and hafe mind^ caft do a'ne at thf [her^ ofarjothers m'tf- *^ ? ^"^ ** ha^yW hat then>arc wc (o vnknid and voyd ot humanitie, that wc.wauidrbajiis no man to be moucd at anbthers rfiifc- tie?YesJalloweihatwebcmooued to help themi not to bewaile orwaile with ti>em.. I permit ME R G Y,but not bc^niT*I^d.
pittymg 1 callM £ R QYy An inclination of the minde to fnc- what it if, conrthe nrcefsitie 9r ntiferte ofanatherJTb is is that vcrtue( Up^^ fifis) wnich thou feef^ through a cloud, and in fcecd whereof P I T T Y intuudeth her fdte vnto thcc.
Butthou wilt lay, it is incident to mans nature rob'!C mooued with aftcdion and pittic.Beitfo:yaccrtainlie it is
E ^ not
50 T:HE first BOOKE
V^^ c c bodr "O^ ^^cent and rights ThinkcftthcHi that anicverruecon- fillech in roftncllc and abicclion of the m indc ? I n Ibrrowi The effeftci i^ig- 1^^ %^i'ig'- ^'^ robbini^,to2;ethcf , wi^h fuch ;ts weep ^ Ii| ofOicmboth cannot be fo. For I wilflicw thcc (omc greedy old wiuc^^ and coLictonsmilcr^ 5 front whofc eyes thou maift footer •\vringathoufandtcarcS , than oncfniTllpennie outoFthcir purfcs^ But he that is triilic merciFuIl m dccd^wil not hcmone or pirtic the condition of diftrciled pcrfons , but ycc wil do moreto hclpc and fuccour thcm^rlian the otlicr . He wil be- . holde mens miTcrics with the eye bfcompafs ion, yet ruled . and guided by rcalon. He will Ipeake vnto them with a l.id countenance, but not mourning or proflrate. He will com- fort l'Kirtelic,an(i help liberally. He will performe more in vvorkcs than tn word^tand will (Ircrch out vntp the poore and needy his hand:rathcr than his tongue. All this w ill he doewithdilcrctionandcare,thathc infe6l not himfeUe with , other mens contagion : and that (as Fencers yic to fty) hc,c . beare not others blowes yppohhisowne riblgs/ What ., is here fauouring of inhunnahitie or* chufli&r^cflq :, Euen fp all vvifdomc fcemcth aufteie and rigorous at the firH yic^y. . !^a^riicoftTic Butifyou confider thoroughlie of it, youihallfindcthc stoicks para. ^^ ^^^^ mcekc, ffentlc: vea more milde and amiable than impoisibili- Venus her lelfe. Let this uirficc touching the three .tore rcr , ;ics. hcarfcd afFcftions : vvhome if I haue in p.- rt expelled from
thcCjit w ill greatly aiiailc riie to get the vift orje in the kit- cell that fhallenfue,
CFiAPT. XIII.
T^e formtr impedtmentes or lettes being remooHsd y wes come m gqodearneft to the extentidting or taktr.g away ofptbltkc eutlsi whichi^ajJUyedby fourefrwcif all arguments , Fir fie here is fftokcH ofP rou i dene e, which ^ frosued to he /«, and oner all hmfMfiC affair fi*
OP COhlSTANClE,
?2
ICome iiowe from sJcirmiflics to fiandic-gripcs , and t'loiti light bickerings , to the iniint battell. I will leadc 'f'" "'"«' foortfialimyfouldicrsinoriitr vndccdicir Enll^ncs hT'i''"'f''
tr.atrlulcpLiblikc cuillcs are inrpolcd vppon vs by God Jiimytc Sccoiidlicthat they bc>«;cdiacicaad by dcfti- rh» di„ifion 1'^v ThPdly, tnatchcy arcprofiublcfbr vs. Fmallic.tlru "<< of-f" of 'r'-''.^^;'";''''^' Si-'«ipu^,no!;{h-auflgc.tbcfc troupes it '"'' '^T t''7,J'fcf^-^.!:g.^Fli=ir partes coclaoucinhis place, cakthe .'c4c::t wholearmivo; your S O II R R Q W.imkc^nie rc- "'^:'"55^?.°f .9"H'^ °?-^ the-mouch agauj/traci No trulic-
pcts,aj1dlliikevpthcdmirinies.. ,,':..,, \,..,'../ •/.',.,:„." ■ ,.. , . Whcreas^t,/,/«.;all afeaions &9cii&bcmam W^,;'J,;;f^'' We, proccedehoiu amindc dittempcred and voydc of'''""''''''' reafo;i:y:t noiic ofthenrmore/t!Vmv.conc<it)t(,aathat f(>r- ^"u^f' ^. rowc vvhich is coDceuiKl %, the gpm^loxJ:vvcaltte la.ce. for all others hauc lonjc fin.illcaii(e.anci icepc v vheri ■"!""'""• to tlicy tcndc.(as the Loiier to cnipy, his dcK'rc : The an-' gtyima,tobe?rcuen!?ed: Thccoiictaus .cfaiidc to get and fo (oorth) Onelie diis hath no eudc propDred vnto k Andto vcflranic my talke vnto fomeccrraincic, thou (i^rp- #</jbcvvaylelhhcfbre of thy conntrcy dcayiHir • Tell me ^''"'' '"'' tovvhatcife^Orvvhathic/bthouioobLS^hS To amend that which is amiHe ! To prcftnic that vvIiicH ""''°'" ''"P" isabouttopcriih> Qr by vveeping totakc away the pbgaeoc ptiniftiment that hangcth oner thy countreV None of all rhde but onely that thou maift fty with the commonrort,l AlV^ SO KI£: Inallothfr rdpe£?s I thv mDumining .s h yaine and.tp no purpofe. For tlwt j thing which is p.tlf, Goahimfclfc VYomdnotbau(^ tobcc vndoncagainc, " - -
^4 Neither
3-» THE FIRST BOOKE
. . Neichcri? this weeping of chine, vainc oncly, butalfo
k.dbcauTcIt wicked and viigodli.;, ifit be rightly confidcrci Foryou
eootenjcth Icnowc wetlth.it thercisanctcriiallSpiritc, wbome wee
agiinft GoJ.^^jj GOD, which rulcth, guidcth and goucmtth the
rolling Sphcares of hciuen , the manifoldc courfo of the
Stars and IManets.the fiiccefsia alterations of the Eiemcnts,
finallv, al things whatb :uer,'iu beauen and carch.Thinkcft
thmi'thatCHAVNCEorFQRTVNEbcarethany
fway in this excellent frame.of tk woild > Or that the af-
Fortune b»- foircs ot mortall men arccaried'hea.dtong by chance- med-
mihcdoutof ley>]wotweir thou thinkeitnqtfo, nor anyman els that
affal"? "' ^^^^^ ^"'^"^ wildome or wit in his hcad.It is the voycc of nature it fclfc,and which way lo eucr w e tiunc our eyes or
GoJs proui- mindes, all things both mortall and immortall, beauenJie,
dcoceconfir- and earthly, Icnfioleanainlcnfiblcdowith open mouth
"'"'■ crie out and alfirme, that there is lomewhat far abouo vs
that created and formed thefe fo many wonderull workes,
■which alfocontinualliegouerneth fc preferufth the fame.
-Tliis IS G 0 0,to whofe abfolute pcrfc^ion nothing is
rn'ore agreeable than to bee both able and willing to take
thecircand charge othisowncworkmanftiip.And why
fhouldnothe be wilhng.fccinghcisthe belt ot all? Why
ftouldhenotbcablc,feeinghcis thcmighticftofab?In to
Whofc ercn much ^ there is no ftrength aboue him,no nor any but that
' proccedeth fromhim,neithcr is helettcd or troii.led wu
5 egreatnes or variety ofallthefethii.gs. For th.scternall
haht aifteth foorth his bright bcames cuery where,and in
Smentpearcetheuen intothe bofome -^ Jo"^"'; ^^
theheauens.earthai^lea: ^ ^[^^f'^^^y^f^^Zr^^^^^^^^^^ thincs :but prclent in them. And no maruel.W hat a great p "^otthe Lrld doththe Sun Ughcen at once. What a Lffcofmatter can our ininde comprehend .it o^ce - U ^ies;Cannothe that made thisSunScthrsmindpercciuc
nes,quickn;$ and power arc infinite
OF CONSTANCY 5J
and conceiuc far marc things than they AVell and Jiitincly r^ . ^- ^ ' fpake(4)oae that had fmal skil in Diuinitie: ^i' is the Pilot in a -fr'^o t- ^ '^^^ '^^ Jhip the Car-man to his waiHCythe Chauntcr in a. quire ^ths law in a (a^ Arifia-* Common-wealth ^ and the Generdltn an Armie: fo isGodin the thin his i\{l^ tvorld. Herein onelie is the drfferenee^that their charge is to them bool^ofthB lahopfrfome , grienoHs ^nndfainftill: Bpit Godruleth withoHt all world^ '^*^\!^ ^aine^and Ubosir^orUdilie flrtmng^Nhz^c'tOX^. (Lipfiisjdl&C ^^^ q^^-^^^* is in God, A watchffill and comnuall care (vet wizhomcivk) ^ . ^ . . ypherehj he beholdeth ^fearcheth^aKd k^o^veth all thtnges'. And of Gods pro- kriorvingthem^dtjpofeth and order eth thefan^ehy an tmmtnahle ^xicvi^z, courfe to vs vnknowne.KnA this is it w hicli here I cal P R O- V 1 DENG E, wh:rcof fome ma'i through infirmitic may gtudge or comphinc : buc not doubt, except he be L>c- Hummed ot his fenfcSjand bclotccd againll nauu \
CHAPT, XIIIL
That noihirg io heYi,^ dff;jc Ir.t h the hecks^ of this Prouid^ncc, Thjit by It dejo'.ktfonj come Vyon men and citties : therefore ire doe not ihe partes of good and godly men t$ mur mure 9r mourne for them. Finally ^an exhortatton to ohejy God ^ againjl yehome weftriut vnaduifedlj ^and in vaine,
IF youconccine thisrightlie, and doe helceuc hartih'c Anoreufiient that this goueiningfacukic infiniiateth Jtfehe,and(as totLprefent the Poet /pcaketh) -pajfeth through euery path offea and eke mattcr.troin c/y^^r/*, I fee not what fiirthcr place can bee leii: for your ac°ncer°"^' griefeand grudging. For cuen the felt fame forc^feeing in- telligence which turneth about thehcaucn dayly,wfl?ch caufeth the fjnne to rife and (et^which brmgcth foorth and ^,^1^^^^ ^^* fhuttethvpthefruitcsofthcearth^produceth allthefe cala- and^^miT mities and changes which thou fomuch marucllcft and ncjarefenf nuKtercft at. Think you that God giucth vs onely plcafing and profitable things ? No:hc faidcth likcwifc noilomc and
;4 THE FIRST BOOKE
hai'duil: Neitlier is any thing conmucd, toffcJor turned (finnc onely excepted) in thk huge Theater oi" the worlde, thecauleand fountainewhcrcoiprocccdcthnot from that
TffidarHs. fitftc cauf^ of caufrs : for as Pwdarm Ciidi well, The dff- fenfers and doers of allth'wges art tn keauen. And th ere is IcC dovvnc from thence a golden chaine fas Homer exprcfleth
Homer. by a figment) wherto all thefe mferior things arc fail linked. Tkit the earth hath opened her mouth and fwallowcd vp (bmc towncs ^ came of Gods prouidcnce. That other- where the plague hath coniumcd many thoufandes ot peo- ple,procecdeth of the fame caufe.T hat flaughterSjWar and tyranny rage in the Larp countries A^^xkiOTiC^^^o commcth it to paffe. From heauen(L//j/#/j)from hcaucn are all thele
Ef^r/pfdef, mifcries fcnt .Therefore Euripides (ayd w el and wifeiy/^^^ all calamities camefror/^ God, The cbbmg and flowing of all humaincafS^uresdepcndeth vpon that Moone* Therifing and M of kingdomeSjCommeth from this Sunne* Thou therefore in loofing the raynes thus to thy forrowe, and grudging that thy countrcy isfb turned and ouer-turned, confidercft not Vv^I^at thou art, and againft whomethou
Wanisvn. compiaincft. What art thou? Aman.aAiadowc,duft:A-
worthy to hit g;ainil whom docft thou fret? I feare to fpcak it^eucn a2;ainfl
The Auncicntes hauc fay ned that Gyantcs aduanccd
diemfclues againft God^topullhimoutofhisthrone* Let
vs omitte thefe fables : In very tructh you querulous and
murmuring men bethcle Gyantcs. For if it bee fo that God
doc not only fufFer, butfend all thefethings:thcn ye which
thus ftriuc and flruggle^what doe you els but (as much as m
youlycth)taketlicfcepterand (wayof gouernment from
Por all otKcr him^O blind mortality: The Sun^theMoon.StarSjElemcts,
creatures be- and all crcatures cIs in the world, doe willingly obey that fu-
S"' ''^'' P^i^^^^^ 1^^ ^ • On-'ly MAN, die moil excclkm of all
OF CONSTANCllE. 5^
Gods workcs liftcth vphis heclcjnndfpiirnethagainfthis maker. If thou hoifctliy %les to the windcs , thou muft follow whether they will force thcc , not whichct thy will leadcththcc* And in this grcate Ocean fea of our life wik thou rciiilc to follow that breathing fpirite which gouer- ucth the whole worldc? Yctthoufiriucfl: in vaine. For if Likewifc ft is thou follow not ffcelie,thou fhalt be drawne after forcibly, ^^^ly t^ ^^iue We may laugh at him who hauing tycd his boat to a rock: vainc. afterwards hallcrh the rope as though therocke fhouldc come to him -^ when himfelle goeth ncercr to it : But our ^'^'caufe the fooliiLncfle isfarrc greater, who being Mboundcto the ^^"^^^^^1]^^^^ rocke of Gods etcrnallprouidcncejby our hailing and pul- cthand aire-; ling would haue the fame to obey vs,andnotwcit*Lct vs^^^^^^'^ forlakcthis fondnes^aixi if we be wife let vs follow that po- tCyf nHihcy wer which firomabouedraweth vs,andlcEvs think it good teafonthatmanfhouldbe plealcd with that which pleafeth Therefore wc God^Thefouldier in campe, hauingafigne of martching (" ^^^^ ^^^^"c* forwardcs giucn him , takcth vp all his trinkets : But hea- ting the note of battell lay ech dicm dovvne, preparing and making h imfclfe readie with heart3 eycsand earcs, to exe- aite wkufocuer fhall be commanded. So let vs m this our war- fare foUowe chearfiilly and with courage wlmhcrfo- Vier our generall callethvs* Wee are heremto adiured by oath ^ '^'^^^^^ (faith ScntC^Jeufft to endm-e mortalttic , nor to be troublsd rvith scocca. thofe things xvhtch it ts not in onr power to anotde, ^Vec are borne in a ki**gdome^and to obey God is lihertie^
CHAPT. XV.
A pajfage to thefecond Argtrntent for Conflancie^ yt>hich is t^ ks^ front necefsitie. The force and violence thereof. This neceffitie is confidcred tvfo xvaies , Andfirfiinthe t hinges tbemfelfies*
T
j(^ THE FIRST BOOKE
'His is a fiirc brazen Target againft all outward acci-' dents. This is that golden armour wherewith being fcnced,?/^f^ willed vs to fight againll Chance and (a)Ue aWiieth Fortunc,to bc fiibicd coGocl, to think on God^and in
t^^uhT' alleucntstocaftourmindvponthatgreatMIND ofthc Tvas c9-mmt- world,I mcanc PROVIDENCE; whofe (a) holte and jtareJPia roe- ^[^.^pp/v troupcsJiauing orderly trained ibortb* I will now bring out another band vnder the banner of NECES- SITY* A band vaIiant,flrong,and hard as Iron , which Anoilicr ar. Imay fitly tcrmc, The thundering Legion^ The power of gumcnr take j-hig ^^ flcmc and inuinciblc , which tameih and fobdueth Jc,who"c "* ^1' things : Wherefore iLi^pas) I maruell if thou with- force is gene- ftaiid it. ihales bcing nskcd what was llrongeft of al things, rallie ilievvcd anfweredjNECE S S I T Y:for it ouercommeth al things. And to that pnrpofe there is an old faying (though notfo u'ihtlihbet^to warily fpoken)(b)T/'^f r^^ Goddes camot conftrain k'ecefnie. tranfiatetbe This nccefsiticl ioyne uqjIZ vntoProuidence, bccaufcir mrd piiiWJie^ j 5 nccre kin nc to it^ o r rather borne of i t. For from G od t^vhich mother and his decrees Ncccfsiticfpringeth: And it IS nothing els pLices 1 dopuY' (as the Greek Philolbphcr defineth ir,) but {c) A firme or^ ^f%^aio\& ^^^'^'-^^ ^-''^^ mmatahle power ofpromdence^ That '\l hath a jMbJeienh. lirokc in all publike euillcsthatbefailjlwill proouet\^^ what necef. \vaycs:from the nature ohhingsthemfelucSjand from de- ft"fs twofold, ^Hnie. And fi'rft from the things, in tliat it is a natural! pro^ as concer- ' pcrtiG to all thinos created , to fall into mutabihtie and altc- riingourprc- ration: A s vnto Iron cleaueth naturally a confumingruft; FiJft^nam-^ to wood a gnawing wormCjandfo a waftjng ruttcnnes.E- rai to the ucn fo to !iuingcrcaturcs,citties and kingdomcs,there bee n"^r^^^"*' certainc inward caufcs otthcitowndecay* Looke vpon In that al ^^^ things high and lowe,great and fmall, made with hand^ things arc or compofed bv the minde, they alwaycs hauc decayed, jcratbn ani' ^'^ ^^^^^ flial. And asthc riuers with a contiual fvvifc courCe • decay. ' ruiine into the fca: So uUhumainc thingcs thorough rliis
eon-
OF CONSTANCIE if
condufc ofwaftings and calamities flydc to themariccGF their dcfolation.Death §c dcilriiaio is this maik: And the means to come thither are plague, war and flaughtcrs. So that if death be nccedariCjthen the means in that rcfpcdt arc nsncccffaricAVhich to the end thou maift the better pcr- cciuc by examples,! will not rcfufc in conceit and imagina- rion to wander a whiles withtlicc through the great vni- uerfitic of the world.
CHAPT. XVI.
Examples of >7cejfarie alteration ^or death in the ivhole w^rUe, That heanen and the elements are changed^andfljallpertpj'. the like w tobefeene In t6wne^,fromncesandkl^^gdomes,Yi- nallie^that al things here do turneaboHt the whe^lel And that nothing isflable or eonftant^
ITisan etcrnaIldccrce,pronounccd ofthcworlde from^VhichisJc- thebcginning^and of all things thercin.to beborne ^ to fmplt!*o/f * dicjto begin and end.That lupreame ludge of all things, thinges would haue nothing firmcand ftable but himfclf alone, ^boueaiad ^ faith the tragicke Poet. ^""^ *
Yrom age and death God cnlieftandethfree^ Sothoclet
Tut all thing! els by time confnmed be^ All thefe things which thou beholdcft and admircft, either fhall perifli in their due time, or at leaft bee altered and changed: Seefl: thou the Sun?He fainteth.The Moone? Beginning She laboureth and languifhcth.Thc Sarres? They faile and with the cx- fall.Andhowfoeuerthewnt of man cloakcth and excufcth ^/"P|"°^ ^ thefe matters^y et there haue happened and daily do in that Ldthrak^* celcftiall bodie fuchthirgs as confound both the rules and wittesot the Mathematicians. I omit Cometesllrangc m forme, Situation and motion ^which al tlie vniucrfities fbal jicuerperfwadcmetobeinthc airc.or of ti;caire, jButbc- ^ ' '" ~ ■ —— ~ f 3 hold
3^ THE FIRST BOOKE
(a)Anio Tfm ^^^^^ ^^^ Aflrologcrs were (ore troubled of late with ^J^7z.^ilt;.e ' ftr^'^g^^*^otijns,and new fbrres/^) This very yearcthcrca^ IcJlMathc' rofcallar whofc encrcafiiigand dccrcarii]gwa.s plainly mar- 7TfediLh ^^^^^'^ we law(a matter hir Jly to he credited) cuenin 'the l%asaboue the hcaueiiit fclf.a thing to haiic beginning ami cndagainc* And tlemnurle \ r.rrx) (in 'Afigufiine) crycth out and atfii-mcth ,' that the E- rfimi. ftening flarre called ofPlayJm V^rpenigO, and of Homer Hcf-.
ferpis ^hjd changed his collopsr^his big>iej[eJhU fnfuion^^ his comfs Next vnto the bcaiien, behold the Aire, it is altered day- Fromtlic wa- '^^^^ palTcch into windes , cloudcs^ and lliowers. Goe to tcrs and fca. ^^ waters. Thofc flouds and fountaincs wh ich we affi rme to bepcrpctualLdocfometimes faile altogether, and other- w^hilcs change their cliannci and ordinaric courfe.The huge Ocean (a great and fecrete part of nature) is cucr toffed and -tumbled with tepeflsrand if they be wantin^,yct hatli it his flowing and ebbin.g of waters, 6^ that we n^ay perceiue it to be (iibicd: to deciy^it fwclleth U. fwagcth daily in his parts. From ihc Behold a!(b the earth which is taken to be immooucabl e,
earth. and to(^j(}:and ileddy of her ownc force : itfaintcthand is
vias^thflZch^^^'^^^^^ with an inward fecrete bla(t that maketh it to trcm €aiiedi7jutmc blc: Some where it is corrupted by the water, othf r where Veftajcl cft,vi i^y g,.g^ Pqj. j.[,gf^ rjni(3 things doe ftciuc among; themfclues : JNcither grudge thou to f^c waixe among men, there is like- To this endc wife betwccne the Elements. What great lands hauebene and purpofc vvaftcd, yea whoUy fwallowed vp by fuddaine deluges, and ftrifeand^dif- violcnt oucrfiowings of the fca? Inoldetimcihclcaouer- cord between whelmed whoHie a great Hand called Atlantis (I thinke not ^^fr^J^?^""' the floric fabulous>nd after tliat the miehtie dtks {cjHeUce lichaianheo- ^nd i?^r*«.Euttoleaueauncient examples, in our owne ra- therby the gf^ifihcns age , hcrc ill Bclgtca {d) two Ilandes with the towncs U)ilnhpar-^^^ men in them. Andeuennowein our time thisLorde m ofZikmi, of the fea Neptmte opeoeth to himfelfe ncwe gapped, and {yvippcth vp dayliethewcakcbaiikes oiFrac/a^d and o-
OF CONSTANCTE. 59
tfeer countries. Yccdoeth not the Cdxtb fitftilllikeafloth- flill hufwifc 5 but fomctimcs rcuengeth her (eltc , and ma- kcch new llandcs in the middcsot the fca, though N^/>r//^/^ rftl^ccte-^ marucll and bee mooued ditrcat , And it thck* <!;reac bo- ho'vI''nnich ^' dies which tovs fceme cucrlafting, bee lubicdl to rau- irorethmgcs tabiJitie and alteration , why much more fhoulde not ^'^"[^''""'^'^"^ townes , common-wealthes, and kingdoms ; which muft iiecdes bcmorrall^asthey that doc compote thcm^ Asecli particular man hath his youth , his llrcngth, oldc age, and death. So &rcth it with thote other bodics.Thcy bcgin,thcy iiicrcafe, they Hand and fiourifh, and all to this en de, than they may decay . One eanhquake vndcr the raigne of Ti- Sf^r/fii oucrtlirew twelue famous townes o{ Afia. And as , , many mC^jnfamam Conlfamncs i\mQ. One warrc or ^n fubucriion of ^//^aScyrliian prince dcftroyed aboue an hundred citcies, S^cat citues. The ancient T^f^f^ of E^;;^ isfcarce held in remembrance at this day : And a hundred townes of Crete not bclceued cuer to hauebene. Tocomctomore certaintie, our El- ders fa we theruines of Or/%^<?, hlf^wafJtJa, Corimlo ^^Liri wondered thereat. And our iclucsliaue behcldc the vn- .
worthy relickes oi Ai>he?iy,Sparu^ and many renowned ci- ties, yea eucn that {a) Lady of all things and countries(faIily c) A:me Is rearmed cuerlafting) where is fhc? Ouerwhelmcd, pulled '^''''^'^' downe, burned, ouer-i]owcd : Sheeis perillicd with mi^re than one kindeof dctoiaion^and at this day Oiee is am- ficT;^'tlLT biciouflic foughte for , but not foundc in her {l>) pro^ %!l-3lo!Z' perfoyle. Seeil thou that noble (r}B>'i^;;r/V/zy being, proudc '''"'^'7- ^'^^^ wirh the feate of two Empires? Ycruce lifted Vp with^^lw^^ the ftablcnefl'cofa thoufandc yeares continuance? Their O^vJ^v cnifcat day (hall come at lengdi. And thou ?Xo our A mivcrpe, tlic '!^i^^^ beaucieof citties,in timcihaltcome tonothmg, Ecrthii../^''4^^^'^T'^ greate Mailer-buitdcr pulleth downe , Ictn rh vp oi^d it ^" P'"""^ ^^"^ 1 may io lawlully (pcakc) maketh afpoitc olh^^ru^^!^
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affaires: And like aalrnage-makcr/ormeth and frametli to;
bimfeltc fundric fortes of portratures in his clay.
I haue fpokcn yet of to wncs andcitiesiCountries like- wife and kingdomes ru nne the vci ie fame race. Once the nflfo^Lo* E^iilf^oimihcAiJJJyha.Egypt and fervrie excelled inwarrc v,ntV.oVicvr and peace. That glorie was transferred into Europe, which lie, the hohc j^Q^ (likcadifcafcdbodic) fcemeth vntomc to be fhaken. And otU- and CO haue a feeling of her greac' confufibn nigh ac handc. magnificc^nt Yca, and that which is more (andneuer ynough) to bee pov^erofthc n^al;^ellcd at,this worldhauing now bene inhabited thcfc IfcToth^^^ fine thoufand and fine hundred yearcs, is at length come to Tacitus, who his dotagc: And that we may now approoue againc thcfa- tnaketliite- [.Iq^q^ ^„axarch;is in old time hilled at^Dcliold how there ^'nilas and arifcth cls whct new people, ^ a(<.)new world;0 the law Ronuns of NECES S ITY, woondcrRilKandnot CO becompre- V't^^^' (I hendcd: All things run into this fatal! whirle poolc ofeb- jX^^/bingandflowi^^g- AnJ (buc things in rh^s worldarelong tbofemvu laftmpr, but not cucclafung, founicounriis ^^ j . ^^ ^^^^ ;..^.,j ,vich mee (foric
//;^ncw world gtleucth mcnoc to Itand long vpon this roynt) and bw^
The conclufi. hoidethe alcerationsot all humameaftiires : andthciWCU
^\S^rlinga.d(WagingofthcmasotchelJ.^ArIfc^
examples of rule thou:obeythou:hide thou thy head:lift thou vp thine
alterations ^^j \qii\{is wheel of changeable things run round, lo long
& mutability ^^ ^^ . ^ ^^^^^ ^^^^^ remayneth. Haue you Germanes in
rims pafl: bene fierce? \ Be ye now mildtr than moft people
of E«r^p^/Haucyou Brictaines bene vnciuiU heretofore >
hYvh. vrcrt Nowexceedyouthefigyptiansandpeopleofj^jW in
2;.t=^/L delights Sc riches.Hath Greece one flourifhed>Now lee her
^icvvom. i^affliaed.Hath/r^Z/fwayedthefcepter^Now lethcr be
infubicaion.YouGothesjouVandaKyouvileltofthe
Barbarians, peep you out of your lurking holes.and come julcthe nations in your turne . Drawe neere yee rude
OF CONSTANCIE 4t
{^)Scy thians,and with a mightie hand hold you a Whiles the ^^j^ ^^^^^^f^^ . raynes of^/^and£/^r^^<?:ycryouagainc foonc afrcr giuc Turkcs.vviMf • placc^and yeeldvp the fceptet to another nation hordcring^'»'»^''/^^f'^* onthcOccin.Am I dcceiued? orelsdolfccthcfunnc ofa- nothci;;:ievv Empire anfingin tnc Weft?
CHAPT. XVII.
W'^ come to that nccefpti^ tvhkh Is 9j deftinie. Ftrfl Dcftinic it Jtflfe ^uoHched^ That there hath bene a ge?jerall corrfcfit ther* in of the cowinort people y and wife men: But dtfferefit wfart» Ho'mema»ieiraiesVeliif/fehatbi>eftetakfff^moKgtheu4fiK-* aeyjtes^
THusfpake l^angiusy and with his talkc caufed the tcares to trickle dowiic my chcckcs • To clearclic fcc-
med hec to hcholde the vanitic of hnmaiitc affaires.
With that lifting vp my voycc, Alafle (quorh I)what are we , or all thefc matters for which we thus tQy\(:?.what ii it to he fame h^die^vvhdt is it tv he no h'cdif.AIan is a phadoive and a dreame^ As faith the Poet. Then fpakc Langi^- to mee. But thou young mafi doe not oncly contemplate on thefc thiDgs',buc cootemne them.Imprint CONST ANC I E a paftlge to in thy mind amid this caluall and inconftant variablenefTc jj^**^^^^ ofaU things J call it inconihnt in refpcd of our vnderftan- ^{"^^ ° j^- " ding and iudgment : for that if thou looke vnto God and fpca ofac- his prouidcncc, all things fuccecd in & ftcddy and immoue- ^*°*^* able order. Now I callafide my fworde and come to my engines tneither will I any longer allault thy SORROW with handiewcaponSjbiit with great ordinance: running . againft it with theftrong and terrible (^)Raiiime, which ^nf>l^J!n^ no power of man is able to put backe ^ nor pollicieto pre- gn^ofwar. ueat.This place is (omcwliatflipperic^yet 1 will enter in- whereof tli« toitjbucwanlyjflowly, flnd(asihe Grecians Ipcake) with aoubtH%
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^itg, Andfirihhatchcreisakiiidcof FATAL DESTI-
NlEinthinges, Ithinkcncichcrthv Iclfe (L//)///^-)norany people or a^Tc hath cucr doubted oh Here I intcn upting bim (aide 5 I prayyoa pardon mcciF I hinder you a little in this caiu-rc*Vv'hat?Docyoii oppot Ddiinicvntome^ Alas, this is but aweake engine puslbed.on by the leeble Stoickes. I tell vou plainlie 1 care notarufhfbr the D E- i'ipSrri^ '^ 1 NI E S^norforrhef^) LnHics of them. And I fay vcctihauefui' with thc fouldicr in Platnns. I will foitcer this troupe of old mdtireeof wiucswith onebhft of breath , eucn as the winde doth thc if^cf^* kaues. Ldngius lookiiip; fterncly on me , wilt thou fo rafli-
lieand vnaduiiedly((:u*dhce) deludcor denie vtrerlie'D E- S T i N I E ? Thou an not able , except rhou can at once take away thc diuine Godhead and thc power thcrcof^For, fctuineclir^ it therehcea G O D.thcre isalfo P R O V I D £N C£ : js prooucd. jf ^ ^ a decree and order of thingcs, and" of that folio wetli a Bvanindido fj-n-jcandfurcnecefiicieofeuentes. Howe auoydcyou this ting together blowe? Or With what axe will you. cut oit this cnaine?ror ot Muics. GOD andtliat ctcrnall fpixite may not other wife be con- {idcrcdofvs, then that wcc attiburc vnto it an etcrnatl knowledge and fore fight. W e mufl acknowledge him to be if aycd , refolute and immutable ^ alwaies one, • and likehimfeUe, not wauering or vaiying m thofc thinges which once he willed and-forclawc^. For, The etemAll God peuer chaangeth his minds , faith Homey\ W hich if' thou con- fcfTc to bee tiue(as necdes thoumuftjif there be in thee any reafonorfenfc) thisalfomuftbc allowed tliat ati Gods de- crees arc firme and immooucablie cuen from cucrlafling vnto all eternitie: of this growcch ncccffitis ,and that fame D E S T I N I E which thou deridefl. The t rueth wher- pfisfo clearc and commonly rcceaued, that there was neuei*any opinion more ciu'rant among all nations : And " ^ ■ , who-
OF CONSTANCIES 4^'
whofocucrhad anic light of God himfdfe and his ptoui- ^oi^clcnow dcncCjhadchc like of Dcftinic. The moft anncicnc andwi- ^iS;^/^' fell Poet //<?w^r(bclceueme)traccd hisdiuincmufcinnone ted naturally orhci-path thanthisof Dcftinic^ Neither did the other Po- '°^J«»cn,
etshis nroaenie ftraveft'omthc fteppcsof dicir&thcnSce u
r* 17/'; J IT- Homer x
Luriptaefy Sophoc/es^ /^/W^r///, ana among the Latmcs V/r- right wife gill . Shall I fpeakc ol" Hiftoriagraphers ? This is the voice ^°^^ accoim^.' ofthcmali -.That fnch and fncharhmg caitic to pa(Te by '^t^;?/'^^ '^'^ Dciliny^and that by dcftinic kingdomcs are cither cftabli- hc is a ring- Ihcd^orfuhucrtcd. Would you hcarc' the Philofophers, ^""^^ ^^^^"^ whofcchiefc care was to findc out and defend the tructha- w"io*m other gaioft the common people ^ A s they iarred in manic things writers toiio- thorough an ambitious defire otdifputing: fo it is a won- ]J[f^" ^ Acx to (ce how they a;TTeedvniucrfallic vponthe entrance phiw-ophrr**' into diis way which Icad^^th to Dcftinic* Kay inthe cn-^g'ccvpoa trace ofthac way^bccaufe I deny not,biu that they followed '^^^^"^^« feme by-'Urh-waieSjWhichntiav be reduced into thcfe four kinJe>ofDHSTlNIE,nainely,MATHEMATl-j^,^,,,. CA U N A T V R A L, V I O L E N T and T R V E. be 4 feucraa Ail which I wiil expound brieflye,onelic touching them opimoi\ston. a little, becaufc thathetchencc commonly gi'owcth con- ^ Jcfhcrcoff fufionand errour^
chapt/ xvhl
The three fir/} htnde ^ of de flint e hricpe expounded, *The defiiutio^ oi'defcriftionofthemalL'YhcStoickesjIcightljiaftd hneflit excufed.
I Call MATriEMATIGA Ldeflime^ thatwhich ty- ^yj^^^ y^^^^ eth atid kf?ittcth firmelie all aUions .iyfd euente^t^ the potrer m.icical dcfU- of the Pianettes , anddijfoftiens of the Starr es : Of which "^^ ^^' chc Chald:ans 5^ Aff rologians were the firft authors. And jtaiongthcPhilofbphers that lofty Mercmtisx^ principail
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aiid Abbcttor, who {ubtlclie and wifelie diftinguifliing; r..tolike- PROVIDENCE, NECESSITIE, andDE-
ti\xo,incli- S T I N I E, Qiilli: ProuideHceki anahfolutc and perfe^l kz'otv^ neth hereto, ledge of the celejliaU God \vphu:h hath two f^ctdt'ie^-ne ere lie alli- ed VKto it, Ncccfsicic^W Ddbinic* Defltms trudie fcrneth and afsiflethprouidencejandAlfoNeceSsttie: Butvnto Dejltniett felfe the ft'arrcs doe minifter. Vorneither may Ante man auotdc the force of \* ate , neither hetvare of the power and influenee of the flarres,For thefe be the weapo^^f and armour of Dvfltn'ie^at whofs pleafure they doe and per forme all things to naiare and men, I n this foolilli opinion are not oiicly thexommon crue of A- firologcrs,but (I fbameto Tpcake iOfomcDiuincs.
1 call ^atur all fate the order of natHrallcaufcs ^ which (wox,
cil or natural being hindered)^ rfery£)rr^/iWv74/«r£'^^<?/>r(3^/'yr«? a certaine
dcHinieis, andthe felfe fame ejfeB^ Arif^otle h of thisfcdt, ifwec giiiC
CL-editc to Alexander Aphrodifem his interpreter, Likcwifc
J'heophrafius ^who wrif cch phinllC^hatdeflinie ii the nature
of each thing. By their Opinion it is Del>inic thatn man be-
. J.,-, y .. gettech a man ; and ip that hedycth of inward naturall can-
•iioi ?!ioioiqc (es ^ notby violence orfouce^ic is deftinie.Contrarilie^tliat
' aman fhouidingendcraferpentouamonflTr, itis (a) ^<f-
W^tf Jtf vir^;/y7^^jD^y?;«;^. Alfo to bekilled with a fword,or by fiie.This
tvritel\hat a opinion is not vcne offenfiiie, foinhac indeed it alcendcth-
ihhi^maydie notfohigh asxhc{oVC^Oifate0VDeilinic^ AnddoCthnoC
^Jrf^Ta'^: euery oncc(cape talline that keepcth himielfc fi-om cli- {h)UrhU9th mmg aloft ? Such a, one is {h)ArtThtle ajmolt eiiene where mt fully and writing ought of eel cftial matters,exccpt it be \\\ his book ^S'Lt^^r oftheworld/vvhichisagoldentreatile, Lauoringofamore Qni^hfdh a cclefliall ay re. I reade moreouer in a Greekc wrtcer th^t l^'^^^^f ^y% uiriilotle thought Vate was no caHfeJbnt that chance wa4 info me
BllsEti/lfies. ^ , O r r r rr I r J /
^ ■ ■ fort an alteration or change of the canfe ofjuch things as were d/J-
• "^ pofedbj necefsitie, O the heart ofa Philofophcr : that durft
.aceounc. Fo.rtmie and! Cliaunce among the ^umbcr pi cau-
what Stoical Ute IS,
OF CONSTANCIE 4T
fcs,butnot Dclliny. ButlcthimpaiTc: IcomctothcSto- ^^ ^"^^r'*"!^^ iclccsmyfiicndcs(toiI proteffe to hold that fo£l ineltima- J^^^'/^nacnc tionand account) whowcrctheaiithoiirsof VIOLENT sages. FATE, \vhich with ScTiecA I define to be, Aneccjj)ticof all thirties and actio fjs^which ko force can yvitkfit^iful or Ifreakf.j And with Cyt/tDpfis^ A fpirit»all power, gouemhig orderly the yvho/e world] Thefe definitions fwaiiic not farrcfrom the miech,if" they be (oimdly and modcftlic expounded. Nei- ther (happilic) their opinion generally , if the common people had not condemned the fame alrcadic by a preiu- dicate conceitc. They are charged with two impieties, \vherci« lU that they make God fubieft tothewhc;:lcofDefl:iny,and Stoicksdo alfotheaflions of our will. I cannot boldlie acquit them "^^' ©tboth thefe fuilts : for out of fome of their writings (fewe being at this day extant) wee may gather thofc fayingcs, and out offome other wee coUeft more wdiolfome fen- tenets
^•-f^^r^aprineipall pillar of that fe^l'ftumbleth at the ^['/j^^^'J'^ firft blockc in his book of prouidence, where he faith,T^^ fubieato dc- verte fame nccejfitie hhideth God: an irreuocahle conrfe carrieth ^ini^"* away both humaine and difAtne thingcs. The maker and ruler of all thinges decreed desiinies, but now folhweth them : He commaun- ded once, but he obey eth for euer. And that (ame indifloluble chaine and linking together of caufes which bindcth all thinges and perronsjfeemcthplainhe toinferre force or pr^y^^^ffnof conftramt* Buttiie true Stoickes neuer profeffed fuchdo- hishbemc* £lrine , and if by chance any like fentencc paffcd from them in the vehemencieof their writing or di(puting, it was Ehjiin trntfl( more in words than in fubftance and fcnfe. Chryfippus (who Jv^Illy of°^ Srft corrupted tliar gtaue feftof Philofophers with crab- that opnioti, bcdfubtilticsofqueftions) clearcth it from depriuingman of l:reeIibertic.(^)Andour5(f;!;^r>»dothnoc:BiakcGodIub- C^)f» /^^c?- ic(fl to facc^hc was wila* than lo)but Godro Gy d , afters a. ^-f'^^*
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cercainekinde of fpeach. For chofc Stoickes cliat cairre nee- reft ctic trueth do tall Deftinie fomctimcs Prouidcnce , and Forrhey^fe fomctimcs God. ThcrcfoucZf/^^ whcn bc had called Df-
thcnamcot- /7 ,, ■ r j r r , r
rieiliny other j'^^^^ ^ rower moour/ig eibout the jame matter , after o>ie and the
wile, mca- fime manner jiiz addctll^ which it boateth not whether j oh call it Ding iliereby Pronidcnceor nature. LlJccwile Cbrvfippus Other whcrc prouidcnce, CAlictn Ue/finie the etcrnall pfir^oje or decree of pomdence^ Pa- andfomii- nxcius the StoicklaidjT^^f Godhimfelfewas Fate, (a] Scnoca CiJli^^dfocK. ^^^K ^^^^f^C ^^^^ mindc (aich, ?VhenyoH lift you may call the ca.j.vvhcre ^^fthoiir ef nature and all thin ges.^ hy this or that name : Toti may ihii M read jf^fiiy tearme htm the heft and great Imiter and i hindering^ and thervvifc and Stitor, that is^ Stable orftar.ding^not fa varied (as H^fiorians de- corrupsihle^ liuerjbecaufe that after a vowe vndertakenjje ftayed the l\cma^ jirmie flying away : But hecanfe all thin gts ft and by his free kene^^ fit e^t here fore vpos he named {b) Ihndcr or Itablliicr.' Ifycr^ call (b) btator him alfo It ate or defiinie^jsu fijall not belie him* V orfii h that de- &ftabilitor ftinieis nothing htit a folded order ofcaufes^ hee is the pri^cipall cfr. ftrft caufe ofal^wheronihe re^dne do ^^p^;?^ Which lail: words arcfogodlielpokcn, thatflaundcriclclfc cannot flaunder them^ In this point diflcn ted not from the Stoickes that Al"^^^d/° grcate Wliccr to a gtC3X.Z King: 1 thinke that Necef stiff his book ' ' ^f^g^^ ^ot to he called any thing els hut God, as a ftedfaft andfta ^ de mnndo, ^^^ nature, A nd deftinie that 7vhieh kpitteth together all thmge^f and holdeth his coarfe freely j wit hotft let or impedtment, W hich fayinges , if they hauc any taft oi temeritie in them, yet not of impictie :andbeciHgrighdieijitcrpteted dillcrnot rlic n-a of much from our true fate or deftinie* I doc in good carneft otbk°and^' giuc this commendation to the Stoickes, thatnoodier t«ao wacd, ic£J" of PhilofophcTS auowcd more the maiefty and proui- dcnce fof God, nor drcwc men neercr to heauqnlic and e- teniall tb^ngcs. And if in treading this n'ac.c of Deftinie they went lomcwhat aftray, it was thorough a laudable and good defite they hauc to withdrawcblind njcnfrom
that
OF CONSTANCIE 47
thatblind Goddcffc. Imeanc FORT V N E: (a) ^^"^^^gf:^^ nature whereof they did notonclic mighcilic )^^iizo\xioU.arati.ca.i^. their companie y but cucn the vcric name.
CHAPT, XIX,
'The fourth and true l^nJi ofY)efttme e'Xpofitjded. The rama hrieflic (poken of^ ft u lightly defi»ed^.afjd prooned to differ frojTf Vrotiidciica.
THis much may fufficc touching 'the opinions and diffentions of the A»uicicnts. For why flioulde I oucr ciirioudie fear ch the lecretesothell? (as the pro- ucrbc is) I iliall hauc ynoughtodoe with trucDeiti- nie , w:bich now I propound and iiluflrate, calling it , AN ETERNAL i^ECRFiE OF GODS PRO- VIDENCE, v/hich cannot bee taken away no more than proiudcnccit iclfc. And let not any man cauill with mce about themmCjbecaufeKay there is not inLatine an other proper word to expf cffc that Aing.but F A T V M. gS/r*" Wliat f haue old writers abufcd it? Let vs vfc it : and fo in- \hfink» laEging this word out oftlieprifon of the Stoickcs , letvs bring It to a better light* It is called in Latine FATVM (i.farJo of (peaking, neither is it any thing^els properlic,but Thefdftng and commnfindamem of God\ And th.isisit which wHerwemay
novve licekc for : I define it eythcr with diat famous ^[^pj^^/^'^""^ P I C V S, Aranke and order of can fes defending vi^on 6'(7^/ Dcltinie, and counfdl^ or with mineowne vvordcs more obfcurely and^^°^!^^^°^^^ iiio^SCiZyAnimmooaehle dscree ofVrottidence inherent in things Two dciini^ mooHeaUeywhiohfirmlie effe^ietheuerie thing in his order, place ^ ? "^° J^^c rt and time . I aillic A decree of 'Providence , becaufc I agree not piaine,the o* vvhollie vvidi theDiuincs of our daycs flct thcmgiuc mc thcr obfcurcr Icaiic iiuhgfrceiludie of thetruethjwhoinnamcandnaairc ti!^^ ^^^u^c^^f
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confound itwithprouidencc, I know it to be a hard mat- lobf'n on' tecandfuUof temciitictoconcciucor reftrainevntoccr- withprou'i- t3inCVJ0ideSthMS»fir-f!at,iraIl a»d ftil>ir-celei}iM (fence (I • dence. meaneGod) or ought that bclongcch to him : yet vnto
^, ,. r manscapacitie,Idefendandmaintaincthatprouidcnccis I':'Z!' oncthingproperlic. and the toewhich wee call fate or hoti: deftinie, another: Fori -confidcrproindencenootherwUc
then thatitbe.A power and facultitinCod of fccmg-kioy<"«g&
„ . , ., .ouerni«. .llthixgr] A P O W E R , I Cw,vniucrCil,vndi- L^fidtr;: uidcd^giardcdfand as Lucren.s Ipeakcthvnucd together, nincttally. 5^ Deftinie Ib-emcth co defccnd into the things themlelues ^m'"' andtobe Iccne in the particulars ofthein^bemgas itwevc ^L adilpofingandbeftowmgabroadofthatvnnierhU proui- c^J- , dcnccby particulars. Therefore Pronidencejs in God and t::,i::tL. attributed to him alone: Deftinie in the things.and to them uiuS. is afenbcd- You thinke 1 tnflc, and (as it is laide) ^bo e holes in Millet fccde: No (L#w) I take this outofthctalk ia)Mi:iumu- of thc common pcoplc, among whortic nothtng is more :tr'^'-^ vSuhan tofay^Thiswas my good or emll deftinie: and hkcwifc , this was the fatall decree of this kingdome, or that town. But no man fo fpeaketh of prouidence, no man applveth itt0thcthingesthemfelucs,without impietieand dldfion. Therefore I laid well, that the one of them wap in God , thother trulie hom God , and pcrceiucd in the
' 'l avmoreoucr, thatthOughProuidcncebenotreall/
Prouidence diuidedfiomDeftiny.yet it ismorcexcellentand moican^
^'T '.^" cient : Euen as we are taught in the fchooles of the wile to
P'"'""- faythattheSunneismorcwotthythanthelight:Etetni^
than time: Vndcrftanding, then reafon.BuC to drawrinto
aftiortfummc thefecurious not common matters. Thou
fccftlhaue iuft caufebothtovfethisdiftinaTon,andalo
prLainethenameof Dertinie^gauill tbenew Confiftory
OF CONSTANCllS 4P
of Diuines.For why^ Thofc aiincicnt famofed (4) Fathers ,^^. « ,., prohibicc mee not but chat I may vfc in his right and true dcaufuei /I Icnic the word DESTINY* But now chat I may return ^-^ ^- ^^ff» to makcplaincmyfornuT definition, I fayd itwas , ^» '''' g^^fj/ Q«?i,' h f rent decree, "jio fhe w that Dcftifue fliould Lx: marked in the & Thl.A^ui thmgcs to the which it commeth , and no: from whence it "''^ ^'^^'^
proceed Cth. I added , In mooHeable thinges^ fign ify ing that ofdepje.
although Deftinic it felfc bee immooucablc, yet ittakcth The definite 4iot away motion, nor any natural Ifaciiltic h'om thingcs^ "^^ ^^^ j^'"-^ but workech cafilic and without force, eucJi as the markes made mani^ and figncs imprinted by God in each thing, do require. In ^^^» x:aufes(fecundariel mcane)thatbencccfl3nc, it workcth ncceffarilie : In natural cAufcs_,n3turallie: In voluntarie cau •
lcs,votuntanIie:Incontingenr,contingaitlie.\VhcreforcDe(imydotH in refpcft of the things it doth neither force, nor conftrain: norforcc
Buc'as eucric thing is made to doctor fuftcr, fo it diredeth ^^'"a^ andturnethallthinges^Bucityourecallit to his firft origi- nal! , I m^.inc God and his prouidence, I affirme conftantly ** and boldly thatnll thinges are done neccfl'anly ^ which arc donebydcltiny^
Laltlic, Iioynedofthe Order ^pUce znitime^ eftabli- ihingthatwhicii I&ide before, chatprouidence was of things in vniuerCilityjDcIiiny bydiftribucion inparticu- ^^^^ ^*"^ Parities. By O R D E R , I vnderftandc the ceurfe and vni- oQ^xpUocdl ting together ofcaufes which deftinylimitteth.By PL ACE and T I M E, I meane that woonderEiJ and incomprehcn- ble po wa* w hereby all eucntes or aftions arc tycd to their cetraine places and moments of time. It was deflinirie that T^rqmmis (hould bc bani/lied his kingdom c. Be it forbur firftlct the adultcrie bee committed. You fee the order of thecauCes, It was deftiny that Cx/2fr fhould bee killed. So: But in the Senate by the image o^Pompei. You fee the place. That Domitim fhould bcemurthcred of his oyvnc people
H Let
50 THE FIRST BOOKB
Let him be munhcred but yet at the vcryhoure ] cuen the fiftjwhich in vaine he fought to preuent^ Thus you fee thp time.
CHAPT. XX.
//■/> dtjfir^uitjhed Ij pure Notes from St^icall Dcfiwie, I'lerr ispiewedmore exa3lie how it doth Kot e-r: force our will u^ndalfi^ ihat Gcd is neither coadjutor ^nor anthoftr oj£Hii.
Ow (aycit thou(yong man)perceaucxlthou this? Or muft I light a clearer torch to thce?I f hiking my head. Yea ^{Liiijgim) I muft haue more light, >or I fball nc- ucr come out of this darkneiTt% W hat flendcr kind ofdiftindions be chcfc? What captious ginnes of queftion^ arehcrc?! fearccreafonCbelecucmc) andfufped thofemy/li- call and doubtfuil words of yours as^my very enemies. Lan^ gifts laugliing a Iitde^be of good courage (quoth he) here is no Hanmhall!Tho\ji art eomc into a fure caffle^not fallen into any ambufluncnt : I will giue thee light ynough. Tell mec where and in what point thou art fb ignorant yet > In that - „ . t^angif^ which conecrneth forceand necefsitie. For tiulie I fccmcth to be caonot coucciuc how this deftiny that you dcfcribe^dif&reth mixed wul> from that of the Stoickcs^whfch when you had in wordcs Stoicali. ^^^^^ ^^j. ^^ the broad gate (as I may (ay) in efto6t you let h aftcwards at a pofternc or backdore. No (L//>////) God for- bid : for my part I doc not fo much as drcameof any fuch d'ci Stoicall Deftinic, norftudictoreuiueagaine nhore(^) oldc ofde'^'my.id' wiucs loog agonc dcadaud buried. \ propofc vnto'thec Udgcncra^iiy fuch a dcftinis as may ftande with modeftie and godlincs,. ^^^^^' diftingui filed from chat violent Fate by fourc mai'kes.
They make God himfclfc fuhiecl to Deftinie, And hi^i^ f«U^^^ ^^' ^^^ (""^ //^»?^r) though hce were moll .wiiiu:tg , collide not poinus^ enlarge 5.?r/?f^»« fromliis bander.
^ . : But
OF CONSTANCIES 51
But wee doc fiibiccl: Deftinie vnto God, making him a 1,*'^^ *"°^^ mod free auihoiir and ador of thin^cs, able ac his will, bou/patc/* and picjiure far 10 furii'iouiit and cue in fundcr thofc linked troupes and bandcs ot Dellinie. They appoync a iuccelsiue ^ We make OL'dcr of nacurali caufcs from all eternicie: Wee doe not "°[- ^^^^ ^J^dcr niike the caules alwaycs nacu rail (for God is ohen the ics ctcrall. caufeoivvoonctcrsand miracles , bcfidcs or contrarie to nature) iiorcternalL For thcfcfecondcau fe shad theirbc- 3- We take gmning with the world. Thirdlie, they take away all con- JlnVyrtLiigs tingencie from thinges , wcc admit k , affirming that as of - icn xi Uic lecondaiie cauies arc fucfa ^ chaunce or hap may bee admitted in the eucntcs and actions . LafUie, they fee- mcd to intrude a violent force vpon our will This bee 4. we graune farre fromvs, v/ho doc both alio we fate or deftiny, and tomanaccr- alfo ioyne handes with libcrtieor (a) fiecdomc of will. orTrle^aomc ' ' Wee docfo fliunne the deceitful! bbftcs of Foiainc, ^^d (aji^^hatfoeuer chaunce 5 that wee dafti not our (hippc againft the rockcs ifpcakJ^enM crnecefsitic, Isthere FATE? Yca.But itisthe firfte fj^j'^ andprincipall caufc^which isfo farrcfi'om taking ^vv2y iZcnJ'inj^ tbciniddieandlecondary caufes ,that (ordinarilie and ibv ^^'^H ^P^^ ^^- the moft part) itworkcth not but by them: and thy will X/'r^^i^/v"/ isamongthc number of thofc fccondaric caufcs, thinkc m^ybecomiri notthatGod(^) forccthit^or wholly taketh itaway:hcre- ^<^^^ff^iiy,y^^ inisalltheerrourand ignorance in this matter, no m:mfol!fr%cs, coniidcrethhow he oughtto.wiU diatwhicli Deitinie wil- {i')-^ug4ine Icth : And I fay freely to will it. For God that created all ^',tr«t7^^ things vfeth the lame without any corruption of them. As nyevziu can* the highcft fphcare with his motion fwaycth about the '^^y^^ conftrai^ rcft^yetfoasitneytherbarrcth nor breakcth them ok\\\m'^ylllif!j^Q^ proper motions: So God by the power of deftiny draweth net. For we ' althingSjbut taketh not away the peculiar facultie or^moti- f/lf^.fg'll^^' on of any thing^Hc would that trees ^ corn fhould grow^ notwiili?jPofa
Hz So
5^ THE FIRST BOOKE
So do they, wirhoiirany force oftheir ownc nature^ Hcc
would that men Ihould vfe dt:hbcranoii and choyl'c. So do
they,w!thoutfoi'cc,of their free-will. -Andyct, whatfoe-
iier they were in mind to make choyfe of^ Godforlaw from
all cternitie : He tore-fawe it (I fay) not forced it : hce knewc
Trxcdgm- i c, bat conllrayncd not :-^ie fore-toide it, but not p refer ibed
yjouit omyjia ic.Why do our curious C^r/i?irj ftagger or Humble hcrcat ^
fed non prx Q fi-aiplc crcaaircs 1 1 fee nothing more cleai c tha-n this^ex-
ftmuit.'Da' ccpt if be fo that fomcbufic wanton mind lillcth to rub and
mafcetiHs. cxafperatc it iziiz ^ being infcQ:cd with a contagious itching
ofdifputation and contention.
How can it bee (fiy they)if God forefawc that I fhoiildc
k^Uy vetTf ' fi^i^^ > ^"^ '^^^ fore-fight cannot be dcceiued .but thai I doe
ourownfrcc- finnc ucceffarilic? Foolc l Who dcnieth it > Thou finnefl ne-
!*^ cclTarilie^and yet of thine ownc free- will. Foriooth thus.
much did God forefee, tliat thou fcouldeftfinne in fuch foit
as he forefawc, but he faw that thou fhouldcf!: finne freelie,
thercibre thou finnefbtrcely and ncccliarilie. Is this plaine
ynough? They vrge further^and fay. Is not God in vs theau-
thourofcucry motion^ He is the authoiurgeneraliyjcon-
fcflcj yet the fauorer of good onely. Art thou incliried ta-
fw^ w/'ShY, vertue ? Hec knovvcth it, and hclpeth thee. Vnto vkc ?Hee
foYthai nothing knowcdi that al{b5and(^)fuffcreth thee. Ney ther is there any
isdoncagainfi fault iii him. Iridcawcakcand lamchorfc, thcrydingis of
pktarchwit' mce,biit the wcakncdcand lamcncs oFhimlelfc. Iplay vp-
tily Jenierh on a harp ill foundingand out of ttinciln that it is out oftunc
^^^^ ^crT b^ ^^ ^'"^^ ^^^^'' of the Inffrument,not of me. The earth with one
aJftmy,v^ yet vniucrfall and the fame iuyce nourirtieth all trees and fiiiites
be contained ^vhcrcoffomegrowcto be profit ablc, and foiiic poyfonable.
Tstu w7s What then? fhall we fay that this proceedeth of the CiU'th^and
arc^ot'done not rather fro the nature of die trees tkit do conuert fo good
by hw,tlut nutriment into poy fon? So in this cafe it commcdi of God
i^dLTuw tliatthouaitmooued :Bue icisofandinthyfelte that thou
^ ^ ' " ' ' ' " art
OF CONSTANCIE. yj
art mooucd to cuill. Fimllic, to conclude of this libcrtic:De- ftinie is as the firit man ihac Jcadcththc round iu this diuncc of:hewor!d:butfoas\vc daunceourpaitcsto , in willino-, or nilling; and ira further, not in doing, for there is left to nun
onclyatrce-wiltoilriticandlluggkagainftGod, and not power to perfourme the fame. As it is lawful! for mc to AfitfimilN walkc vp anddowne inafliippc and to runne about the '''"'''• hatchcsdr icates, but this flirr.ng of mine cannot hinder the Mmg cfthe ft.piSo in this fatall vcffell wberr.in weall
iaylc,lecourwilleswranglcandwrcflasthcylifr,theyfhal not turnchcroutofhcr course, noraniething hinder the famcThat highcff will ofall willcs miiit hoide and rule the laynes and with theturneof aJiandcdireft thischariot whither focuer It pkafeth.
CHAPT. XXL
'l''do,.ttfuna„dfHllofdnt.r.ger,A.dmuflnotcurhum, tefe.rched. L.fil.e, ,n ear.esi exhortation to imL,
courage tnoHrmindcs thorough neceffitie. ''
BVt why doe I fhyle on fo long in thiscourfel will no ve caft about and auoyd this(a;cfe.^^^,whieh , w /. ha h fwallowed vp fo manieinens wittes. He e 1 be ff^"^^ holdhow(b) Ccero fuffered/hipwracke, who chofe !,^'f[: lathertodenic prouidence, than to abate one ace of man f^^" *" hbertie:Sowhilesthathemadenxnfrce(asit sfinelyS''''^^'^^: by one Pre!are>e made them facrilegious. DaJlTlL "'"'"""' faylcth m this gulfe.and excendeth prouidence vnto otb r th.ngs,butexcludethitfromthofe*thatareinvsBvwhorer, .
not launcti oi t too farremto this dcepc fea. V„clide' be- '^"'^So i, it ".£dcu«nddxnanythi.g«toucfai,.s'God,ai^wcr5fiti;;^^f;:r-
** 5 Othct ^
'j4 " THE FIRST BOOKE
flor"!hruiThx$ ^^^^^ thingslknow iioc,but oft his I am aflured,^ he hatcth fiTc\vkh ^' curious perfoas.Eucnfo I thinkc ofdeftiiiy, which mail: bc- ihe fworri of looked vntomot into : and be a-cdiced.nor perfectly known. ourHurpwit. J j^pp^j^ that laying of Bias, ^z/c^^ Gad^lrrlcefieth^theUy may better be applyed to delliny^whereof I adnioiiifh thee this much,that it iuffifcth to know that it is. If thou bee ig- norant in other things thereto belonging , it is no offence* Buta 1 it ThisisfufficicnttoourpLirpoleCforlnowrcturnfromwan- Eo"ouf profit. dring,into the rightwayagainc) that thou bclecue ncccfli- tictobenaairaUiebornc together with publicke cuils,and thcrehence fecke fome foUacc of tliy forrowc. What ap- pertaineth itvntothee to enquire cunouflie ofchehbcitie ia)rhU U fpo' or thraldomc of our wilU Whether it be enforced or per- ^'^ArchM^^ (Waded? Alafle poorefoulc!6?;ThY cowne is fackcd by 'liatflnZs" the cncmic,andrthou fitted drawing circles inthedufl* Geometrician WarrevtyranniejflaugfatcrjaDd death hang oucr thy headj vTohite which things truly arc fent from abouc,and doe not in any fack( ofthe cit- wife appertaiue to thy will or pleafure. Tfaoa maift fcarc, ^^^^^f^/^^^''^butnotpreucn(::flic,butnotauoydethem. Arme thy felfe ^ZTricllfi' againfl thcm,and take this fatal weapon in thy hand,which guresinthe will not Only pricke, butpanch ailthefe forrowes: not gromu. lighten thee,but wholly vnlode thee of them. As a nettle ifyou touch it foftlicftingeth; but loofeth his force if you handle it roughlie : So this griefc groweth greater by apply- ing foft mollifying plaiflers^butisfoonc cured with (harp corrafiues. Now^e there is nothing more forcible than Thcameisa N E C E S S I T I E, which with one ailault oucr- dioftftrong throweth andputtcch to flight all thcfe vveakc troupes, armour of ^ y^t^^^t i^eancfl thou Sorrowc? Itis DO booteto vfethcc, "^^itl^. when a thing of ncccffitie mull, or reafon ought to come to pafTe. What wilt thou querulous complaint doe? Thou maift (Lake this celefti^l yoakc, but not niakeitof,-
LcdH
OF CONSTANCIES jj
Leaue of to thinke that Godffata^ decree^ Bj thy refining may altered h ee . There is no orher refuge from nccefsicy,butto wifh that thac/hcvvillcth.VVclvvasit faid by an excellent wife man' Thofi art [tire to be conauerour tfthoft enter into no corStcl hut F?''?*^^?* '^^ jfichasj^mthjffowerto oucrcome, I he CGirK)atc -vvitji nccef- dian. &ie is not fiich, wherewith whofoeuer contcndcth fliall bceoiieicomc: vea, which more may be manielledatr he is already vancjuifhcd betore he begin to enter the lifts with it.
CHAPT. XXIL
Some doe feeke a cloake for their UizitteJfemdeflmyvBtit that is taken away. Fa te vrorketh byfecondarie caufes^ therefore theymuflhe a^^ljed.Howfarreit hehooueth vsto aide our cop^ntrie^ayidhaw not.l[he endofthiyfirfi oon.ferefu;e(^ i?ook^
HErcL^»^//^/paufinga little, I became the readier ta fpcakemy mind, and told him that if this wind blew aftenie thus a whiles J fliould thinke my fclfc veric necr tlie haiien.For I hauc now a bold refolution to follow God and obey neccfsity. Me thinkes I can fay with ^tmpides, I had rather do facrificevntohimy then hicenfed with ^ , .. .. ir€toi^ckeagainntheprickej,orthatIbei}iga??fortalmayifbofM ""^' ''' centendvetthGod, tmmonalL Ycc there is one cempcftuous waucofa troubled imagination that toirethmce; Aflwagc \i(Langmy) if you may . For if all pnblike eujlls come by Deftinie , which cannot bee conftrayncd nor controlled, why theniliall wee take anie care at all for ous counrric ? Why doo wee not lean e all to that greate mafrerleffb .„,t,. ^- Lorde , and fit ftill our fclues with our handcs in our bo- for t:t^^^ tomes \ tor you fay that all aduife and aydc is of na^^^^^g*^^^ * force, ifDESTINIEbeeagainftit. LAN-^'^"^''- G I V S replymg , Alaflc young man ^faide hec) by
H4 ^ >YiI«
fS THE FIRST BOOKE
wilfull frowardncffe thou erreft from the tnicth.Is this the way to obey Dcftinicjand not rather to refift and contemn It is anfwe- {r ? Thou Wilt fit iHll with thy handcs in thy bofomc. Wei, Ta'^thumern I wouldthy tonguc had bene tyed DOW. Whotoldethec ciuVcsdo pro that Deftmy woiketh aloie without coadiuuant and ceedmd go meanecaufes ? It is Delliny thou fhouldefl: haiie children : cuents ^'"^ y^^ ^^^^ ^hou muft fo we thefeede in thy wiues garden. To bccui-cdofthydifcare: but To as thou vfe the Phyficianard ^oodnourilliment. Solikewife ifitbeeDeliiny that this wcather-bca':en fhippe of thy couiitrey ihall bee (aued from drowning, it is dcftinie wichall that (he be aydcd and defen- ded. If thou wilt atDin to the haucn thou muft ply the oares, and hoy Ce thy faylcs, andnot idly expert wind^ at will from heauen. Gooi ind c • Contrarily, if it be deffiny that thy countrie fh.iU bee mil deftinic brought to confufion, fuch things ihall come to paffe by de-^ <o«mcth ftiny^as will brino; her to deflation by humainc meanes.
without mi- . J^ , *^ , « 11 « - • J >
-racic,by ordi- The priuces and people fhall bee at vanance among themr
n-iry & acca- felues j noncllialbc Willing toobefj none able to command:
ml^nt All iTiall fpeake proudlyjand doc cowardly. Finally, the
Confider the Chicftaincs themfelues fliall haue neither counfell, flor fidc-
ftitc of Bel- ii^i^^ (z)Yellsms Ciide trulie , The force ofpatef is inemtabie,
fa)Yelkmp^' -^^^ofe eflate they determine to confomd, his tomfels they cdrrHp, '
terciiluslib.ii. And acrainc, ll^e matter isfo , that God ivhen hee will change a,
ckc^arc & ^^^,^^^Jl,fi^^,^ t^j^.th away his vnder^andtng : And(which is
mofi wretched of 3ifl) he caufeth that the mi ferte which befalUth
^ .. is r cppited to happen m:>fideferHedlie. Yet thoumuftnotbecfo
ddpZ aT' dduenincodirpaire^as though atthe firftaffauk thy coun-
thcfirft.asif t;j;ey were in hazard ofvcterddlru^lion. Howe knoweft.
FarefrovY- ^hou that > What canlt thoutcll whether this be onelic a
^MyVpon vl lightfitofa fcu2r,oradeepcrdifeafevntodcath? Therefor^
put to thy helping hand.and (as the prouerbe is, ) hope ftiU
whiles breath is in the ficice boiie. But if thou fee by certaiti
^ - - ana
OF CONSTANCIE 57
and infalliUc tokens that the tatall alteration of the State is come , with nice this faying ihall prcuaile, ^attofighi mgainsl GoLkvi^ m fuch a cafe I would allcadgc the example ^^^ fringe* piSohn\io\.\^\\^:\?ififtratHj\\?A brought the citie oi^th^nf l^^\y[^ ^uc** vndcrhis ol>cdicnce,5d)/o»lccin2 that all his labour fordc- with that .fence ofthecornmonlibcrtie was in vainc, came and hide "^"n.which dovvne his (word and Target before the Senate doorcs.cry- pr€rcnbcih/ ing outj O my cotmtne^ Ihaue by word anddeede defended thee nbiles /cci»id.And fo going home he was quiet afterwards. So do thoir.yceld to God^and giue place to the time. And if thou be a ^ood citizen or common- wealths-man Drefcriic thy fclfe to a becter and Iiappiercad.The liberty which now isloftjmiyberecouercdagaine hereafter 5 and thy decayed ■country may flour ifh in another age: why doeft thou loofe al <:ouragc &: fal into difpair^OFthofc two Confuls at the battel of Ca!i?}efyl account Varro a morc excellent citi2cn,who cfca pcd,than P4ffhij that was flainjSc fo did the Senate Sc people of R^w^'iudgCjgiuing him thanks publikcly for chat he had not loll: allJiop:, nordefpaired wholly of the common- wealth. Howbcitw^hctlicr fticelhakc, or fall -.whether fhec rLc concIaC impairc or wholly periih,be chou notafflidcd^buttalce vn- (ion,witha to thee the noble courage of Cr4r(?r J who when A/exaftder f^^^^l^^' asked whether he would hauc his country rcliored again to CmfiancU libertie,whyn]ouldPfaidhce,{britmaybethat anothcr^- lexander will opprefle hcr^This is the propertic of wife and valiant hearted mcn^as Achilles was warned in Homer,
Though caufe of grief e l?e greatly it let vs ketfe
All to otirfelues ; it hooteth not to weepe.
Els as Creon (mentioned in fables) embracing his daugh- ter being a burning^did not help her, but cafl" himfclfe away: So (LipfHj) thou Ihalt fooner with thy tcarcs quench the light of thine owne life, rhaa this generall flame of thy 4:ountrcy,
I Whiles
)t THE FIRST BOOKE
br^'lw^oj' ^ V\-'hiIcs that L^/?^/>/ was thus fpcaking, the doores rac- ihc confcrece kcd with a grcat noile, and behold there came a lad dirc£lly ;And putting tcwauds vs , fcHt from that worthic pciTonngc Torref^^ifn^io oihcuiinc." P^^^ ^^ ^'^ mind oFthc hour oiTuppcr:The Lav^his as k wcic oiieawaking^fiiddcly) outofalound flccp,oh(&id he}how hath this talking beguiled mc" How is this dav ftollcn away? And therewithall he arofc^taking me by the hand^and faid, come {Li^fius) let vs goe to out fupper 1 ong wiilied for.Nay (quoth \) let vs lit fliil a while longer^ I account this the beft luppcr of all others, which I m^y call as the Greciansdue, The meat afthz goddes^yW hilc^ we are at thfs banquet J do alwayes hungcr^and am neucr (atisfit d. But h^^mgirJ dicwe mc along with himj{aying,Let vs now baue regard to our promifemade, and that which isbehinds of ourdutie to CONSTANCIEjwe wiil,if it plcafe you,periorme tomorrowc.
THE ENDE OF THE firft Bookc.
lufttis Lipfius.Iiis fecond
BOOKE, OF CONSTANCY,
rp
CHAPT. I.
Th cccaP.on o'fremwing thsir uilkc. The goiy,g v?ito Lailgius loi^fLC^[.int g.r,\{ch^a);i\ the cvmrnendation thereof^
HE next diyirfccmcdgood loV^ngius to
bring mcvnto his garclcs,Lx}ingtwo,which
hckcpt withvencgieat carc.-onc in the hil L^ngmsM,
oiicragoinil his houfe, ^theiother fcher off ?'' °^ S«
dens.
^^ in a vaj ley by rhe riuer oiMoze, iVhich riuer holder h his cottrfegentlit^ y^ Verfe of
Byatownefeatedmpfifleafwtiie. Ennius.
Tiiercforc commiiig fomcwfiat timclv into my chamber what /./pyfe/ifiid hc.ftall we vvalkeabroac'c, or had you ra- ther take yourea(eandfittefLiIl?Nay {l^amim) ] h?d rather wolke wichyou.BiK whether fli;i!l wc gee'?" Ifit pleafe you, (t^uotn Lrf«f/«/;tomy gardcii by the riuers fide; the way is not farrc, you (hail cxcrcife your hodic, and Tec thctovvnc- Hnalke.tncairc is there pleafant and freftinthis haotWea- thcr. Itpleafethmec well ((aid Dneither Hiallany way be tedious formcto follow if you goe before ; though it were to the fuitheft Ind.es. And therewith calling for our clokes, oar ^ofn.r wc putthem on : wc went, and went into the garden. In tl^^l the very entrance as I caft my eyes about with a wanderincr
fO
cunofiticwoondriiig with mvfelfe at the clcgancie and bcuitie of the place : My Sirc(faide I) what plea&ntncfiTe bt^^S t and brauene is this > You haue heaucn here (L«««/, and "
no garden: Neither doe the glittering ifarres fliinc clearer wafairenigut, than your fine flowers glifteting and lliewiug their collours vyith varictie. Poets (peakcmuch
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of Ciie gardens oi Adonic and Alci»oH6\The.y arc trifles and \rt comparifon oi this no better than pi£i:iires of Flics : when I drew ncercr and applyed fomc of the floweri to my nofc 6^ eycSjVvhat ilial I wjfh iirll(quoth I)to he all eye, with u^rgtw. or nokvwith£affs//f*f^ This delight fo tick! cth and fecdeth
■ both my fences atonce. Away^awaVjalye odours of hrabia^ you are lothfome vnto mce in comparifon of diis piire and celcfliall aire rhat I (auour. Tlien (pake L^n^as wringint;. me foftly by thehand.and not without laughter : It is well commended of you(L/pyr«/ jbut trulic neither I nor my coun trey dame F^r^ , here prefent , doe defcrue tbeic lof tie and friendlie pray fes.Yca.but they are truly deferued {Langias.} Think ye that I flatter you? I (peak in good earn eft and from my hearr.The Etiflan fieldcs are not EUfinn in refp eft of thit your ferme. For behold, what exquifite ncatnefle is here on euery fide? what order?how propordonablie arc all thinges
. difpofed in their borders and places , that eucn check er- workc in tables is not more curious? Againe, what plenty is here of flowers and hearbes? What fliangenes and nouelr tic? In fb much that nature fecmeth to haue compared w itli in this little plot^whatloeucr thing oi price is comprifcd iii dliSj or tliat new world.
CHAPT. II.
^hefratfe of Gardens in generally That the care of them Is anch- ent , and from nature ttfelfe. That it was vfed hy kj^ges and great ferfonages^inallie^the fleafnre of them laid of en before (^itr eies j and my wijh not vngodlie*
Tlic praifeof A ^^ furcly(L4»^i;y/) this yout induftrious carcof gar-» gardcnsrancl /"A dcns, IS a labour wcll-bcfecming and praife worthy, tlut ttc ftudy A labourjWheretofif I eucflc not amiflc)cueric 2;ood
of that facul* ^^ ,'. ^^ o r-i-j^
feefccmf^ ' 9^ ^ 2^ *^ —r temperately giuen, lo is he drawn
OF CONSTANCIES 6i
b/natui'c^aiid addiacd thcrainto, Ao argument thereof is ]"" brla^IH'^^ this3that you cannot name anie kind of delight , which the t^y. chicfcmen of all ages haucmm'cafc6led, then this. Lookc into the holieSciiptLirCjandyoiifhall fee that gardens had :hcir beginnings with the world/Godhimfelfappoiinting thefii-fl man his habitation therein, asthefeatc ora blefled Z'tt^m'n and happielife.Inprophane writers thcgp.rJensot ^^W^f, arcandcucr oi ^/ci^eus, TiiKtr^his &: the Hcfperides are grown into fables ^'"'"'^ ^V"^ andcommon proucrbcsiAlfo in very good approoucdhi- ^'''^°'''"''- iloties you ilial! find, t hat king Cjr;// had gardens and Or- rhcir aoti- chardcs planted with his ownehandes: l\\:i\iSemiramis\x\6, *5"*f«^- goodly flowers hanging in the aire : AiarfwijTa Itrange and famous gariiifhed gardens,to the wonder ot Afrike. Morc- oueraroongtheancientGrecians and Romans.howmany could I alleadgc that haue cafl afide all other cares and be- ^-^"^^"^ and taken themrducs whollic to this ftudie? Ami they all (in a rdXaLTJ' word)Philorophcrsand wifemen^whocfchcwingthcci- ^^\ ddi^h^ ties and troublefom afl'embliecs Ox^people, contayned them- iclucs within the bounds and limits of their gardens. And among thcfe^me thinks I fee king Tarquinius in the time of that firll: olde R^w^,walking pleafantlie in his garden, and cropping the toppes of Poppie. I remember Cata Ce»firiuf giuen to the pleafure of gardens and writing feriouflie of that argument: LuchUhs after his vidories obtained in Afm^ taking hrs recreation in his gardens. Silla, who forfakinc^ the(^) Diaatorlhipfpent his olde age ioyoufly here- Laftly f'^^^^'^f I maynotforget DiacUfi.n the Empcrour, that preferred /i[L7«i his pot-hearbes and Lctticeofapoorcfarmeat54/#w, be- '^«^*' fore the imperiall fcepter and robes of purplc.Neicher haue the common people diflfcnted from the iudgemcntof the better fort,in this point, in that I knowe all honcft mindes and free from ambition , haue cuer bene delighted in this SxercircFai: there is in vs a fcacte and auur all force (the
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An inward caufcswlicreoricannoteafily comprehend) which draw-
^aeh^luin^^^^'"'^^^*^^^'^^^ haumlclleandliberalliccvcatioii, not onelic
gardens. thofc chatbcpronc by naiurc chat way : but alio ivx\\ an-
ftere and gi'auc pcrfoiia^eSjas vvoulde leeme to dcfpiic and
deride it.
And as it is not pofsible for any man to contemplate hea- lien znA tiiofe iminorcai Ipirits Lheic,withont fcarc dc rcne- rcnce-.ib can we not behold thccar th ^ her facrcd ticaliucs, nor the excellent beautic otthis interior world^ without an WHch be . inward tickl ing and delight oFthe (cnfcs. Aske ihy mind and guiicth che vndcrftanding,it wil concede it Iclf to heled,yca ic fed with kuibtf/^ this alpedand fight. Askcthy (enles otlceing and Imelling, they wil acknowledge that they take not greater delight in any thing.than in the decent borders and bcddes of gardens. TKcplcafure Paufc I pray thee a Hde while and behold the multitude of j?^^'=/Jj^"' flovvers with their dayiicincrea(ings,onc in the Iblkc, one creafe and " i" ^^c bud^anocher in th: blolTome* Markc how one fadeth growrh of iudden!y,and another fpringeth. Finallie, obferue m one flowcn. i^j.^j of -flower the bcaucie, the forme, the iliape or fafliioii either agreeing or difagi'eeing among thcmfcluesa thou- fand way cs,\Vhat mmde is {o fterne that amid all thefe w ill not bend it fclfe with fome mild cogitation,and be mollified AI.o in fo ^ thereby?Now come hidicr a whiles thou cnrious eic^and be Qi Coilours. fixed a litle vpon thefe gay and neat coUoiirs ; mark wcl this . natural pnrplc.thar fingaine^this iuory^that fnowy colloun This fiery, that golden hue: and fo many other collours be- fides, as the belt pain tcr may irmulate^buc ncucr bee able to KnX fragant imitate with hispenffil. Laftly,whatafwcetodour isthcrer (iudles. Whatpcrcing fauour? And I wo: not what part of the hcauely aire intiifed from aboue^tliat it is not without caufe why the Poets nyned, that fl o wers for the moic part (prang vpfiift^rom the iuice and bloud of their gods. O the true founcaiae of loy and fwecte delight! Othc featc of V^^^^ .
OF CONSTANCIE. cfy
aiidthc Graces.! wiOi to reft me and lead my whole Ivfc in your bowers. God graiuit me Icaiic rfarreironi nli tii nailcs or [ovvncs):o walk wuh a gladfomeand wandnna cicanrd ^:v wifh. thele hcacbes and Flowers o.'thc k.iownc and (.,>''nkuo wn , ,,, wond«andro reach my hand cs and toca!h.a;„ceies one f^'tS .wluktochis fnll-grow.ie Ilower,aiKl ariotHcr while to «»'*««'> cat- thatncwhe in the bloffom: : To that m^ miade bcincr bcgui- '"'• led withakind ofwandccing recchldhes, I mavcaftoff the remembrance of all cares and troubles.
CHAPT, II.
JI'rtuargHcdagAmflfomtcmioHsferfonsthAt doah^fegardcfit to vamtU anAflonthftit»ss: what is the true vfe of them: that
they »remeaforv^tfemitt,andU.vneA. And that wtjdome her felfewoifirHhedandtronghtvfinthem.
WHEN Ihadthusfpokcn flarplic in voice and countenance, then fpake La>,gms foftlie vnto me, I fee {Lip(;^is)lkc y oa loue cfiis fJou rifting pur-
p!cNymph,bL!tifcarcmeeyoiido2tcvponher, You cotnmaad gardens^biit fo as you fccmc only to admire vain and outward things thctiii,negleaing the true Si law- Jul delights therof. You poare only vpon col!ours,and bor- ders, and are greedy offtrange Flowers brou<r!u froin all partes of the world. And to what endis all this ? Exc-pt ic bethatlmighcaccountthec one of thatfeaw?iichis nfen xhenew fcft vp in our daycsjofcurious & idle pcrfons, who haiic made °' G"'^'--" a thing rhat was in it felf good and witliout a! offence to be ™f '"'''=°'3 ' theinftrumentoftwofoulc vices, V^wryand ShuMes 1-oreucnto this end hauc they their gardens: thcydovain- glorioully hunt after ftrangchearbs & flowers,whichhauing gotten,theyprcferuc&cheriflimore carefully thaanymc^ ther doth her child:clicie be the me whofc letters fly abroad
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into Thz-acU^Greeci^^xid India only for a litdc root or feede, Thcfc men will b:e roorc gricucd br the lolTe of a ncwe- fouadflowcCjChia oi an oldc friend. Would not any man ^^^^^ - laugh at that (4)Rum.inc which m9urned in hlacke for the vvh(i{!tis [lid) death of a fifh that lie had.So do th:fe men for a plant. waremour- Nowifanyofthcfewhomc ye fcc comchctherto my^ Tr^l^UfjfofA Dame ^hra for fl j wees jiappcn to get any new or ftrangc i^am^rey: onc,howdothhcboaftof it? His companions doe grudge andenuieathim,ycafomcofthem return homewithahca- uierhearc,thancuerdidSy/iori^/^r<ri?//;//whea they were put backe in their fuit for the PrctorlhipAVhat Aould I cal this but a kind ofmcrriemadneilc? not vnlikc the llriuing of children about their little puppets and babbies^ V Yet confider moreouer what great p- ines they take in thcfe gardcns.They fir, walk about the allies, ftrctch rhcm- felueslikeflug'^ards,andflccpej So as they make chat place iiotonclya nurferic ofidlcneffe, buca vcriefcpulchcrof their flothfijlnes. A prophane generation of men ! whomc Imayrightliebanifh from the ceremonies and communi- on of tmcgardens,which Iknow were ordained for mo- deft recreation, not for vanitie: for folace, notforflouth. What?fliall I be fo light-headed as to be lifted vp or preffed downe in mind for the getting or loofing offomcrarc and ^ ftraungc hear be \ Nay rather I w ill cftceme al things accor-
iiG^ni ding to their worth.and fetting afidc the inticemcnt of rare- ' ncs and aoueltiejknowe they are but hearbcs or flowers;
that iSjthings fading and of final coiitinuancc.Ofwhich the Poet fpcaketh vcrie fitly/^^ Z^^hirn^ ^^th his hUfies hringeth WHichconfi- ^pfimf^andwithcreth others. Therefore Idoenotcontemnc fwicelnd thcbcauticandclegancieof them; r^s you may fee for ex- <ftimarioa ot ample here before your cies:) But I difTent from the opini- flowof s. ^,^ of tliefe great Garden-m afters, in that I get them with* outmuch trauell,keepe tliem without care, and lofc them — -' \ - " without
OF CONSTANCIES ^^
without grief. A gain I am not fo fimplc or bafe-minded as to tie or wed my (ell: to the Aadowcs oi my garden. I find Torn bufines cuen in the mids ohny idlerics-, my mind js there bti- J^^.j^" ^°"«^^ ficdjwichout any labour^and cxercifcd without painc. lam j-eJfition of rjener IfJJefoI:U7'ie([:[ld onc^th^n when lam itlone: nor neuer lejfc the mind, idU^then when Um at leafare, A. worthy faying, which I darc fwcarc had his firlt beginning in thcle fclfc lame gardens that I (peake otFor they beordained.not for the body, kit for the mindiand to recreate it.oot to bcfo: it with idlcnellc: only as a whoifome withdrawing place from the cares and For t^cy }m troubles ohhis world. Ait thou wcaiieot the concourfeof ^[^,^"j"h°f pcople?hcre thou maift be alone. Haue thy worldly bufi- men may ncflcs tyred thee?here thou mailt be rcfrefhed again, where ^vithdrawc the food ofquictncs3& gentle blowing Oi the pure &: who! ^ ^"^ ^ ""* fomc aircjWiU eucn breath a new life into thee. Doeft thou And take the confidcr the wife men ofoldc time? They had their dwel- ^refiiaira. ling in gardens. Thciludiousand learned wits of our age? . . they delight in gardens^ andinchcm(tor themoft part) are thcywerTthc compiled thofcdiuine writings of theirs which we woon- howfcsof derat.and whichnopofteriric or continuance oftimc /hall ^^^^ "^^"' be able to abolilh.So m.my lliarp and fubcil difpntations of ^^^^ ^^^ naturall philofophy,proceed from thole grccne bowers.So moft meet .Tnany precepts of manners fro thofe (hadowyAchademies. ^orj-^^rned I 5fea out ofthewalkes and pleafant allies of gardens, fpring a^d wnwngx. thofe fweer abounding riucrs which with their fruitfull o- uerftowings haue watered the whole world. For why? the mindlifteth vp and advanceth it felfmore to thefe high co- gitations, when it is at libertie to beholdc his ownc home, heauen:TIicn when it is inclofed within thepnfbnsofhou- fe.s or townes. Here you learned Poets compofe yce fomc poemcs worthy of immortalitie. Here letal the learned me- dicate and write: here let the Philofophers argue 6c difpute of coatentation^conlbaciCjlifejand deaths Bcholde {Lipfms) >
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the true cndand vfe of gardcnslto wit^quiecncs^vvith draw ing from die worId,mcditarion,rcadii7g,\vnring:and all this a s ir \vcre,by way of recreation &: fport: A s painters hauing dimmed their cics with long andcaineft beholding their \vork,d6 recSfort the wjth certain glafl'es or green collours £o here may we refrcfh our weaned and wandnng minds.
And why iTiould I conceale mine intent from rhec ? Secll thoa yonder arbour curiouflie wrought with lundry pic- tures cut out of the grecne boughesj Ihe fame is die houfe Ana cKicflic of my Mul/:s,my nurfery and fehoole of w ifcdome. I ierc I for the excr- ^jj-j^^j- p^^ j-^^y [r^\l^ with dilii'-cfit and earncfl readii^g, or els dome. lOwein my heart (ome leedorgood cogitarionsjand there-
by lay vp lome whollome Jcflons in my minde, as it were weapons in an armorie, which are al wayes ready with mc at hand againfl: the force and mutabilitic of Fortune. So foone as I put my footc withm that place, I bid all vde and fcruile cares abandon me,and lifting vp my hcvid as vprighc as I mayj contemne the delights of the prophane people, Sc rh: great vaniticoi humane aiiures ♦Yea I item tofhakc of all thing in mcc that is humaine , and to bee rapt vp on high vpon the fiery chariot ofwifdome. Doefl thou thinkc when I am there that I take any care what the Frenchmeii or Spaniards ate inpradiiring?whopofIcfle the fcepcerof Be!gica,or who be depriued of it?VV hcdier the(a)Tyrant of (a^Therurls. ^fi^ thrc.itcn vs by iea or lajidi:Or finally* (}o(jvhat the J^^g of {b) s^uid ful) the cold co^ntrtevrJer the^orthfoleim(ig^rteth'>'^0\ Done of 'dlm^mfr'' ^^l ^^hefc things trouble my braine. 7 am gurrded and fenced arte. againftallextcrnall things,andfctlcd within my felfc,carc-
IcHe of all cares faue onc^which is, that I may bring in (ub- leftion this broken anddiftreflcd mind of mine to RIGHT REASON and G OD,and fubdue all humaincand earthly things to my M I N D.That whenloeuer my fatal day fhall corneal may be rcadie with a good courage ioy fully to wel-
' ' come
OF CONSTANCIE. e^
corns him.and depart this life.no t as chriili- out at tlic wia- ciowcs,buc as he out at ttie dorc.Tliis is my recreation (Lit. /•^^jin my gardens. Th:Ieb; the fruits which I will notcx- chaiiiiseCfo long .f. I am in m/ light mind) for all the trca- furc el Pcrfi;!. and India,
CHAPT. IIIL
Alt exhmation therefore vnto mfedonte^y it we wne to C On*
i^ii'^ck.TormgmenarefirioKjiiead^iiomlJjtdtoiojitttherratte findie of Vhthfoph; with thoje othtrflndies tha be moretUa^ jtnt'ti!idfUi4pbU.
THm Lm^^^s madcan en Jc of fpcaking; And with his iaft profound &conftanttalk.IcontcfTe he made mc amazed. Yct recalling my felf,Oh hnppic roan (foid I) both m traBquiluie and troubles! O more than manly cou- rage ma n^an-which wold cp God I wereablcin fome mea- liu-c to imtcate.and to crcepc after your tootftcps, althouo-h Icamefarrc behiniHcrc U.v>/rcprehending me , wim talke you of imitating ; you may cafily exceed me:and not onely folio w, but far pallc mee. For I my felfb (Lipfit.Jiuuc erode but vcnchtde in thispath otConlb.-icieandvcrtue '■'"="'^T'<» Neither am I to bee compared as yet to valiant and aood pf -*""'• mcn,burperchanccamalitck bc-::erdian the molt e.W Sfmcn. nacc and worll fort. But thou whofl- tow.irdlmcs is lufly VVh.ch ,„y andqu.-CK.iectny leUc fo:waras,&: vrnd^rm7co^duaclrcr i^w.fcdomi.' into this high-way wh ich lead ech daedly to St.,i/e»es and
0«/.^*.^^^Taewaythat I{p:akor,iswiicdom:whore cuen
& cade trace I pray & admonilh thee, that tliou ceafe no- to
tread H dhbou dehglited m Icarning.Sc thecompanie of ^/VJ" t^"^
thore,,,„>n=filiei^^,.,u,v,l .^^^,,,^,,,,,, ^ l^ ^;f^l^.
I t^r & plcafant kind ofleaming. the mind is picpared & mad - '"'^i'""" '» 1 ':^'^d.c{o)notbei.^fici.fir,t»rcceiue,h./a,redfe,d. Howbeit t^if '^"^
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I allow not that thou fhuldcftihy tlicrc,and make that both
the beginning and pcrte£tion ofall thy ftudics. Thefe muft
TheHore wc [^^ ^^ toundation not the felfc vvork:The way to the mark>
Phllo'^lo "ic, bat not the goale or mark it lelf that wc run at« If thou were
which is.louc bidden to abanketj trovve thou wouldeft not only tade ot
of talk or e- jvjarchpancs ^ iunketSjbut firfl- fcitle thy flomack with fom-
ftrongci meat: why fhould not the like be done in this piib-
Exccpt wee hke fcail of I earning? Why(I fay(ioyne we not to the lirmc
ioine there- foodof Philolophy^with the sweet delicatcs of Orators nnd
l^phie^which PoctshVliibke menoc, I do not condcmnethcielatter, but
is,loue of commefid them in their phicc:and I would hauc thofe loofe
wifedoinea vvMndring Nymphes to be bndeled (as I may fay) by fomc
{cucx.^ Bacchus.
The wooers that Homer wr iteth ofarc worthely fcoffed, \^'homiflifig ofP(?w/^/)^jbccamc (liters to hermaides. Be- ware diou do notliKe wiTe^and forfaking the ladie of all,fall in loue with her feruantsjt is a plaufiblc kind of praifc to t>c called a learned maii:but better to be called a wife man ; and beft ofall to haue the title of a good man. Let vs fellow this, and by many labours let vs nut couct to know abne,but to be wife and do thereafter.
How little worth is learnings skilly where.Tvifedome is not frefent flill> So faith the oldc verfetrulie.How many are there at this day of tlie trayne of the Mufes that doe difgracc both them- f elues and the name of learning ? Some, for that they are re- plcnifhed with vices awd wikedncs : Many for that they be 't!ic ai/hofle- vaine,vnconftant,only fpecuIatiuCjand giuen to no fruitful fjliy G^ fome or profitable fiudie. W hat though they vnderfbndc Grcekc learned men. and Latlnc A uthors?That is all,tbey doc nothing but vnder# (a) Nnm- fta"<^ t'^- And as Anacharfis fpakc pretily of the Athenians,, mis acinn- that they ykA(a) mony only to cafl accoilts withal: fo thefe merandum, i^cii haue their knowledge to no end^biu to kaow.So litdc ;/ - - - - ^j,^
Ot CONSTANCIES 6^
care hauc they of their life and decdsfin my conccicj that it
is not without caufcchat learning is lo il fpokcn of amog the
multicudc,asif ic were a Miftrellc to vngodhnes. Howbeic
good letters being rightly vfcd area dirc6loryvntovertuCj vyhatis the
couple wiil'domc with the; vnco the which learning ought nue end and
to prepare and frame our wits , not to dctainc or challenge ^^j^^^^^'^^^"
them to ic felfe.For as fome trees w ill bcare no fiuitc,exccpt ^*
they grow neercvnto others that be of the male kind : No
more wil thcfe tender Virgins (I mean good letters) vnlefle
they be conioyncd with the manly courage of wifedome.
Why doclhhou corred the writings of 7Wr/f//x , ii thy ^^ cxhorra- cwnclifc be vncorredcd? why docft thou illufiratc Tr^»-tionthci>into ^ht/lusythy fclf c being in the darkc myft of errours > Why artthoufo carcfiil in purging P/afitfis horn faultesand im- perfc6i:ions, when thy owne mindeisfull of foule filth and fluttifhncde^Giue thy felf ac length to better ftudics; and get learning that may leruc thee not for vainc oftentation, but to fomc good wCc and purpofc Apply thy felfe to wifcdom, which may amend thy euill maners/et at rcfl: and bcautifie thy difiemperedand vncleanemiind: She only i^ able to im^ print vertuCjSc to work dieimprcfsion of CONST AN- CI^Einthee, and to fee openvnto thee the Temple of A GOOD MIND.
CHAPT. V.
That Kpifed9me istjot oha'tned by wifloing^ hut hy r^orktng, A rp- turnmg to the former tMhe of Conlbncie^ ^hat defire of learntyigis agoodjigneinyouth^
T
His admonition wrought in mee an carnefl defirc which I could not conceale : and thereupon I (aide: My fadier , in heart and mind I follow you^when /hall I be able in deeds fo to doeJ W hen will that day come K J ivhcrciii
70 THE SECOND BOOKE
^ wherein I fhil! be free froin all cherc cares dixt trouble meci andttcadthecraccthatleadecli vmo true witdomc,where- ^ by 1 may attain to CONSTANCY?/, t^gms taking me ^dud'^virh ^P ^""'^^ ^"^^^^^^ Do^^t tf^ou betake thy felfc to wi(hing,ra- iviihiD^. ther than doing? It is fpoken fondlie, and as the: coimnon fort ofmcnvfeth.For it cannot be that as fables make men- tion how Cxnetis with a wiih was transbrmed from a wo- m.in into a man; To thoii Ihouldeit of a foolc bee fodenly made wife, and ofa light pcrfon^become conilant with wiw flimg.Thoj muft bcftowthy labour with al^and(as the fay- ing is) ioyne handes with heart.ScckejreadjIcarnc. 1 knowc {LaKgJHs ) faidc I, that I muft doe Co , but I pray you fet too A returning yonr helping hande, and procecdc forwards in your ye- to the ill ft Iterdaycs talke that was intcrrupt'jd by f^ouigtofuppcr.Kc- nonthK tlV^^^^"^^^^^^ to CONST ANCiE, the ceremonies of iafcnupter*^ho^^"0^^<^^"hauingbenebcgim to bee cclebraced, may not be difcontinucd without facriledge, :
Z^«^/^/fhaking his head a little. No L//>/;//(quothhc)I wiDnotdoeit, Icaft I ihiit vp my fclfe agaiac in this fchool- hou(c ; This is no place fie for our purpofc , winch thpu -knowcft Weill made for mineeaic, not form7p..ines: wcwillatfome other time profecute thatargamenc, Nay, cucn now (quoth I) for what place is more mectc for inch wife communication , then that your fchoolc of wilcdom? I mean your fairc fumm:r-houre,which to me is (as it were) aTcmple,and the table therein in Head of an aulcar, where lilting we may righdic ficrifice to this Saint. And againe,! haue a gueffL^ofgoodlucke therehence. What is that ? GiJ "Laftgius. That euen as ihzy which fir in Apothecaries ihops caric with them in thdr clothes fom? fauour ofthe place: folhaue good hope that fomcfcnt ofwifedome wilihck in my min Jc , by redding in her ftudic. hangins laughing Jfcarcme(riide he) your conicSure is fo light that it will
wcii^h
tioa
OF CONSTANCIES yi
weigh luft nothing. Ycclcc vs goc thkhcv Dpfftf, For I tell thee without difliinulacion, this honeft ardent dcfiie ofrhinefbincwhatmooucth andprouokcth incc. Anda^ thev that (carch for watcr-fpriiigcs , when they pcrccaiie "^^^^^^""^ *[^^ in the m3rning a ileaine nfing out of the earth,' doc make rf^afnitS toniediirc that Waters lie there vndcrncath: ^o I haue a token ou' great good hopeofthefruitfiiU ftreamcsof vertuc ; when n1'"T''' liee andbchold- inayoungman ancarnefl: dcfirc of lear- ' ^"^ ning. And widi thofe wordes he brought me to his bower- houfe , and into it : he fet h im downe at the tabic. I turning nieto the boyes that were there, Ho? firs fquothI)ftandc" you and kcjpe watch. And firft ofalljockfafhhcdoorc. And heareyccmx? Ifanie bodie come in hitherto vs a- liae,you fhalldicforit. I will haue neither man, nor dop- norwoimntobeletinmo nocGOOD FORTVnI h:r felfc yitdiz come. Then L^ngins laughing out -right, faidc, haueyou at anytime bene a Vice-roy.'^your man- dares arcfo maiefticall and feuercjvvis (quoth I) it be- hoouethmeto b-ware by the hard warning we had ^-^jyc- (,]Serther * licrnight . Hold you on your talk in Gods name. ' " tfr cndlf'tt
la[i ihapter of
CHAPT. vr. ificfriibiiGk
The thirl argttment for Cenfiaftcy,takefifrof?t PROFIT. That calamities are good for vs , whether we rejpefl their ' beginning , or end. For the origimxllofthem is ofGod.^vha u eternallie and immmablie good ; And therefore mt ths caufeofanieeHilL
AngtPu not meditating long , began thus. In the com- munication that I had yell crday of Conftancie, I wil conftandie perfeucr: folio wing the lame mcthodc,&: containing my tongue within thofe boundes which I
^4 ^^
L
7^ THE 5ECOND BOOKE
before prefcribcd. You knowc Aat I had fonre bandes or troupcsoffoldierstofightforCONSTANCYagainft AWef rcpe- your SOR R O W anddifpaireofcoumgciwhcroti Imic jition of fon^ trained into the ficlde the t wo formcr,which were oiProf^h Jokcar'' de.ce^ndNecefsny. Aiid I prooued lufficicntly that pub- like calamities were (entfrom God alone: Alto th^t they ivere neceffary^and by no flying away to be auoyded.Now I fct forwards my third troup.vnder the leading oF P R O- TIic third ar- F I TE, wherein lerueth the Legion which I may wcU gumentta. tcamie A IDING. A valiantandpolicike troupe it is, 7f TV.rr youmarkc it well. For I know nothow it creepcth fofdy The force and infinuateth it fclfe into the minds of men,Sc widi a kind thereof. offlattering force ouercommeth them wilHngly. It ftealeth, rather dianruflieth vpon vs:inticeth,not eniorceth : and wc areas cafilie lead byprofice^as drawneby ncceflicic. This Profite{Lipfius)l oppofeagainft thee 6c thy weake bands.
I (ay thcfe publike calamities which we fuffer are profit ,
table vntovs accompanied with an inward fruit and com-
moditie.Do we call them E V I L S ? Nay rather they are
good^if we pluckafide the vailc ofOpinions, and cift our
Tlut the pub ^cs to the beginning and end of them : whereof the one is
wfjuhem fromGodthcotherforgood. The original of thefc mi-
arc indeed ' fcries(as r prooued plainly yeflerday)is of God: That is.noc
good,becaure ^^^y q^^j^^ chicfeit good, but alfo of the authour, head and
tilor fountainc of al goodnes: from whom it is as impofsible tliat
any euil ftiould proceed.as it is for himfelfe to be cuilLThe
diuine power is bountifull and healthflill, refilling to doe or
receiucharmejwhofcchiefevcrtue istodogood. There-
Whoisbouti forethe Auncients though they were voyde of the know-
tifuUaihel- jj^^j^e of God, yethauing fbme conceit ofhim in their
t)lmtcr brame,called him {^^nffncr ^ imm^o •, that is, of helping.
\U -lumm Docft diou imagine that he is angrie, or chollerickc, and ca-
I.^r.t/;.n5. ftg^fa .5 it vvercthofcnoifomedartcsamong oieii^Thouart
j^/p/»^/4;kr. *^^':. > .„..-. ^^ :. - decerned
OF CONSTANCIE ^5
dccciucd. Aiigcr,wrath,rcucnge, arc namcsof humainc af- ''^°^ «'"'» fcftions; and proceeding from a naturall frailty & wcnkncs. a?pu^[ff!"" ' are uicidentonly to weaklings. But that diuincfpintcdocth mems!
frillpcrlaierin his bountic.-and thole Cimebittcrpils which heniiniltreth to vs as incdiciiics^thoogh fharpc in t iftc yet ^"' " '""^'- are they wholfomc in operation. Well was it faid by that """* princeotPIiilo(op!icrs,(7»^^.,^„<„«,//,„„y;^,,,v,/..r,V^,^Pl,eo; a>y. Better and more lignificantly (pake our wife-tnaifier; What is the caufe that Coddoth good' His own mturc.He ts deed ^""'• nedwhofcmer thwketh that Cod rar,,or mil do hmt. He ca» nei- ther fuffernor do ^^rcng.Thefirnr,orlhtpofG0dis,toh!ee„eh!n, Then to mribiite to h,m hiswaieslic^andalfo his goodr.cs r^-, thorn the which ther hnoma.efiwto k«ow that it is he which is aouernor «ftheworld,thatm!eth all things ashis own, that takethvpon him thetmton ofMman-ki»d,yea more carefnRy ofeaerie fanicdur ferfon. He neither doth emllto others^ nor hath any in himfelfe.
CHAPT. VII.
Liiemfe,3hat the end of calamities tendcth ahvaies to aood, alheit
theji he efected often times by h^rtfalferfins, and for harmes fake-.Btit God hreakethandhr.deleth their force. And that all things are turned to cur benef.t. By the way is fhewedwhy Cod vfeth the inflrument of wicked men^in inpaing calamities.
THcrcfore, thefe calamities arc good in refpca of their PuMit. «-- beginning •. and hkewife in regardeoftheircnde be '^™mcsire caiifc they arc cuer direacd to good and fafcty ; ((urc- f°\ .
yn,goodmen)Tho*^ntobreaandfiy,h^wec.4f,Ztt tnisbcUsitnoceiiidentthat.tlicfc warrcs and flau<rhtersare''""g<""l. committed withan intent to harme and hurt ? It is tmc fo, m
mSt°i™T'M ' "°ii",r^P'^ °^^°'^-- ^''i^h that thot, mailtmoieplainlyand fully conceiuc,Imuftapply thcliaht
pfadiihnaion,Thercbetwofortesofc«lami&ntfr-Smf^;;r„'i';,'^^^
^ God,
74 THE SECOND BOOKE
Some imme • God:rome SimpUSome mixt.The firft I cal thofe which pro-
Go J, others CCCd ff4.rely from Cod mthoHt any imer^ofthnof mans f^llicy or
by the means force. Thz [ccow^.^^vhich are ofGod^yet rfror^ght Iff themwtfterie
•fmen!"^^ ^^ ^'f^^^*- Of the former kind arc famine, dearth, car th-C|uakej>,
openings ofthc earthjOuerf-lowings of vvaters,lickncs,dearh
Of the latter are tyrnnnie^warrcopprdTionjllaughtcrs* In
thoic ficft all thingcs arc pure and widiout I'pot , as Ipnng-
In the hft ^^^1^ ^^^i'^'* ^ ^^^ P'-^^'^ tonnt.\in. In the latter I deny not but
fort there ij thcfc IS fome filth and mixr,bccaufcthey are conucighcdSC
lomcfnuit jjiri^^cd through thcl-buleconduitcsotaftc<Swion«j. Ism^in a
ineancror cirj«5ting them? wbar mariicuuicn is it, it there
beafaukand ofJencc committed in accompli/liing thern >
Which God rnarucll thou more at theprouidcntgoodnes otGod^vvho
in'rcfVa o£ conucrtcthrfiat tauk to ©ur furtherance ^ and the ofience to
vs. ^ our good, Sceil: thou a tyrant breathing out thrcatnings 6c
murthcrs-.whofe delight is in doing harrae? w hich could be.
content to perifh himlcifc/o he may pcrfecute others? Lee
him alonrjie flrayeth from his right mind. And God fas it
\verc(by aninuifibleihing leadcch him to his deftrudion*
Porhc draw- As an arro\y commcthtothc markc without any feeling of
«th all purpo- ^^^ ^^^^ ^^^ it:(b doc thcfc wic.ked ones. For that fupreame
own°rJrpore. powcr bridclcdi and keepeth vnder al mens power, and di-
rcilctb their ilrayingcourfctoAe happy haucn,, Asin an
Army the fouldicrs haue fundry aficdions; one fighting for
praic, another for pray fe,another tor htitred , yet they all in-
their princes quarrcll and for the viftorie: So all mens wils
bee they o-ood or bad, fight vnder God, and among fun-
drie and manifoldc cRdes,at length ihcy come all to chiscnd
of ends^as I may (ay* NeUKer k ie g,^^t ^^oy y^'i\i demaundc.vvhy God vfeth the meanes thit GoZn- of euill men > W hy docth'hee not inflia thofe grieuous fliaetK hit puniihmentes immediadie himfclfe, or els by the minill:erie chiftifeipctits { eoodmcn? Omaiu thou art too curious mcnquinn^ ^^^^"*- ^ ^ ; neither
OF CO.NStANClE* 7y
neither doc I knowc whether klic in my power to open thcfe feci'ctes vnto thee. This I knowe well, tbt he hath reafonof hisdoingcSjCiienthcn whcnwee are b.rthcll off frompcL'ceaLiing any. And yet what ftraunge or ncwc thing IS this ? The Prefident ol:' a prouincc commann Jcth anoftcndcr to bee panifhcd by the lavves , yet the pnnifhci: to be (bme beadle or Sergeant. The father ota great fami- liefometimcs corredcth his Tonne himtelfe, othervvhilcs hecoinmandeth a fcruant or (choole-mailkr to docicWhy ihould wee nor graunt vnto God ib much anthoritic as to them? Whyiiallnot hcc whenicpleafeth him fcoiirge vs with his owne hande j a«d againe when it feemeth good tohira ,by themeanesoforhcrb i lortherein is no wrong or iniiiric. Is the feniant that punifliccb angrie with thcc ? Hath he an intent to doc thee harmc2 It maketh no mat- tcrjhau: thou re(jpe<3: to the mindeof him that commanded^ For thy Father who required it, ftandeth by, d>c hec will not fuffer diee to haiic onefiripe more than his own appoincmet But why is fin mixc herewithal,and the poyfon of paffi- OLis faftencd to thefe diuine darts ^Thou driueft me now to J^e {uTn' of^^ aftcepmountaine, yet I wiUaffay to clime vp^ God, to the menismixj end he might fhew foorthhiswifcdome and great powcr^ thercwirh. {2i)H4th thought ft ^atcrCTtlc words be Augultines j t& make J^^^^l^^^^ goadofeuil^thc to permit no eniUtaHiOZ what is wifcr or better (A)inhi& £«« the he which can gather good fromthofe cuil^S: turn things ^^''''^'*^ to health and (afety , that were deuifed to di'ftru6lion?wce praifc the phyfitian thatcompoundeth the vencmous viper with his triacle to work a wholefome eftediwhy wikthou control God^if to thcle hcalthfuU dregs of calamities and af- fli6lions,he ad fomc faultes of men with out any offence to thcc? for furcly hce boylethaway 8^ confumnh to nothing that poyfonadioynedjwith the fccrct purging fire ofhis pro uidencc. Finally it maketh for the aduanceiTieat ofhis po wcr
L2r and
n^ THE SECOND BOOrCE
and" glory jwhcrcto he rcfcrrcth all thiiigcs neccfTarily . For
what is more able to exprcffc his miglitic power, than that
J.^^^v^^^'^n ^^ ^^^'^ ^®^ ^"'y vanqtiifh his enemies that withftand him,
lie and vn- ^ ^ut fo oucr-rulech thcm,that he drawetb them to his panic?
willingly That they fight in his quarrel? And bcare armes for his vic-
^ruc God. torie?which thing daylie commeth to paiTe,when Gods will
IS pcrfourmed in the wickcd^biit not ol the wicked. When
thofe things which vngodly men do againfl his wili,hc tur-
^ neth them (b that they come not to pallc without his will.
(ajrhtworh ^j-jj whatfiranacrmiraclecantherebe,(a)r/^^»ry5>^f ^icM
B$ethu4inhis wen pjould make them good ^t hat were eu'tl before.
ifuoi^of comfort Bchold^thou C. C^/^r fhalt help a little to our purpofe.Go
thy way and tread vndcr foot two things religioufly to bee
efteemedjto witjthy country and ion in law: This thy am-
bition(vna wares to theejdial do feruice to God^and to thy
countryjagainltwhichitafpireAforitrhalbcthe reftoring
and preferuing of the Romaneftatc. Thou ^ttiU thirfting
after bloud &: b ooty, haft thee Iiither fro the vttermofl: ends
of the earthtake to thee by ftrong hand^flay^biirn^Si wafte;
This thy cruelty (hall fight for- God,anddo nothing els but
ftir vp die Chriftians which were drowned and buried in
vain delights 6^plea(urcs.WhatdoyoUjyetwo Yefpatians^
Dcttroy the country of /^»'r/^and the people: take and lacke
the holy eitrie.To what cnd:You verely do it for your glo-
. rieand the augmentation ofyour Empirerbut ye errc^Ye are
(h)AbHelpero oncly the Beadles & JScrgeants of Gods leuere punifhments
^Aur9ra!inthe ^po^^ ^^^^^ vngodlic nation.Go to, cuen you (peraduenture)
Latine he aiiit- that put tlic Chriftians to death at Rome , reucngc the death
lavvfuitkicef And noWjO thou that art our prefidcnt, whether it bee //;firy;ri«(rf,^>' from (^) Weft or Eaft, what intendeft thou by this war and *iaZnlftfe^' ^oudy wcapoiis .? Euen to ftrcngthen the empcry of thy -ji@rd,F9rHc- kingdomc,and the power of diy ownc nation^ But in vaine.
OF CONSTANCTE. 77 . ., ^
For thou art nothine els but a wh i p 5i rcoiirec of the wan Ifl^mP"'' ron and lafciuious Hcmmgs, VVc know not how to con- py^or fVeH: coSt our great fclicities^without the help of thcle Ncronian ^«^ Hefperia, hoatebatlies* Thcle e^ampicj^irc occrrrrcr,: in 2!! aj^cs, V'}!^Jjj^^ where wc fee that God by the wicked luiles of feme men, ^xoikicxpref- hath accomplifhcd his ownc eood plea fi ire rand bv the iniu- ^^^^^.^^f'f^!'.
n- r ,^ IT Ji • • /I- J ' L fu-lutlc of their
Itice or other mcn,hath executed his lult ludgmcncs • wher- lordorfiue- tore(L/p/?/^j)letvsadmh-c this hidden force of his wifdome^^'^^S^"- ^ and not afpiic id kix)w it:and let vs bee adured thatall thefe ^ ?ri"^^°,,
rnA- 1 J 1 r ti ft- publike call/"
great atniaions arc to good end and purpole; akhough this miries be of- bHndmindofoursperceiueitnor^ orilowlyattainetothe femimes hid vndcrfbnJing therof.For the true ends ofaffliaions are of'- ^""^ ^^"^''' ten hid from vSjwhich notwithftanding fhal haue their due courfe though to vs vnknowni not vnhke to certain riuers, which being rcmoouedtrom our fightjand running viidct the ground^are yct.caried into their own fea.
CHAP T. VIII.
It k here more difiinctlte ^oken of the endes themfelnes^ They hee threefold^o whom etiery of them doth agree, Thertfomervhat more at large tonching Exercifing, vphichfrofitethgeod men more wajes than one :hy flrengthening ^hyfroaning ^ ^J gifiiyig example toothers*
BVt if it be Lawful for mt to hoife failcs,3^ carie my fliip deeper into this Tea of diuine raattcrsj could (happily) fpeak fomwhat of the ends themfelues more plainlie 8^ more profoundly: Firft adding that faying oiHomer^\ If k be in my power^ or if the thing it felfe wil admit the fame. For there be fome of thofccnds which it feemcth I can well y- nough conceiuc my felfe and make knowne to others:fomc alfo there be which I perceiue doubtfully and with a confu- fed fight^Of the firft kind of ends which arc certain,bc thefe thtcc.Exercifng^ChaJIffing^PunfJhment^ For if thou marke it ^|'^^.^"'^^°^ it wcldiouflialt find that thefe grieuous atfliftions fcnt of^^j^J^sT*^-
7S ^ THE SECOND BOOTCH
God do comonly cither excrcife thegood,chafl:icc offedcrs
or puniftithcwickcdjandalthis for our good. And to ft and
Pnflcxcrcl- a whiles vpon explaining the firft: branch, wee (ccdayly the
flag of vs. tj«|t (oitoriiirnro be iubie;8io calamities either priiiatly or
els to be partakers thcrcoFwith the wickcd:\Vemarke and
maruel thereat, bccaufe\vcen?ichei' fnfficientlyconccinc
the caufe^nor confider the confeqiicnce tiierof. The caiife is
peth^vs three ^'^^^^ ^^"^ towards \rs,and not hatred. The end or confc-
waies. quece,not our hurt^biit our bencfit,Forth is our cxercifing
furthercth vs more waies chanonciitconfirmeth or ftrcng-
thcneth vs; ittricchorprooueth vs j ic maketh vs mirrours
ofpatiencc vnto others.
s.Byftrcng- It doth ftrengthen VS, for that the fame is (as it were) out
(chool-houfewherinGodtraineth vphisferuantcs in Con.
ftancy and vcrtue. Wc fee thole that exercife the feates of
wreftling or barriers endure many hard trials,that they may
getthemafteryrfo think that we ought to do in this warre-
fare of aduerfitie. For why? that fame our trainer Sc malter
of the game is fuch a one as requireth patience and paines,
not only vnto fweating,but euen to bleed ing.Th i nkeft thou
thac he will handle his (choUcrs tenderlyKhat he will dandle
tlicm with delights vpon his knee^ No,hc will not doe fo.
Mothers for the moft do corrupt dieir children, and make
them wantons with tender bringing vp : but their fathers
hold the in aw with more feuerity.God is our fathcr,ther-
fbrc he louethvs truly, yet with feucrity. Iftliouwikbeca
Ala rrincr,thoumufl be taught intempefls. Ifafouldicr^ia
perils. Ifthoubecaman indeedjwhyrefufcftthouafflidi-
ons?feeing ther is none other way to conltancy. Doefl thoit
conlider thofe lithcr and lazie bodies vpon whom the Sua
feldom fhijiechjOr the wind b!o wcth,or any fharp aire brea-
theth? Euen fuch arc the minds of thefe nice folke that feelc
'qothingbutfelicity, whom thcleaftblaft of aduerfe fortune
^blowethdowne^andrefoluQth into nought, Thcrcforead-
uerfitic
OF CONSTANCIES 70
uerfitie doth confirmc and ilrcngthcn vs* And jls trees that be much beaten with rnc winde^takc deeper roote:fo good men arc the better contayned within chccompalie oiver- tuc^being fomtimcs cilaultcd widi the ftonnes of aduerfity.
They do morcoiier prone anotrie vs.EIs how could any ^^^ prouing man beaffurcd ofhis own proceeding and firmncflcin vcr- ^^* tuc?if the wind blow alwaies merrily a fternc,thc Pilot fhall haueno opportunitie to try his cunning Jfall things fucceed profperoufly and happily to a man,thcr is no place to make proofcoi hisvcrtuc.'fbr the only trueJeucJJ to trie withall, is af fl I ft i an; OemetrJt^ fold w OXth ily / accetint mthtng more VnfortHnate than that man •which nether had feeling of aduerjitie^ Very true ic is.For our General d^th not {pare fuch (buldi- ers,but miftrufteth them, neither- doeth he afFcft and loue, hut delpifc and contcmnc them, I fay he doeth caffier them out ot his company as bafe Befonians and daff ards,
Fin:Jly,they(erueinftccdofm.irroursorprefidcnts-.For J By gluing that the conftancy & patience of good men in mi(cries,is as example to aclcarelighttochisobkure world. They prouokc others °^^^"». thcruntoby their example^and tread the path wherinthcy fliuldwalk.B^*^ loll both h is p;oods &cuntry,but his words p. IQU n d in the ear s or me n a c th i s day; That they (h oula carie all thttr goods aOoHtthem.)xegulus was vnworthily put to death by tormcnts^but his worthy example of keeping promifeli- ^ ueth yQt.Papintanffs was murthercd by a tyrant:biit the fome butcherly axe that cut off his head, emboldncth vs to fuffcu death for iulh'ce fake. Finally, fo many notable citizens wefec to be violently &: iniurioufly either banifhed or murthercd: but out of the riuers of their blood we do(as it were) drink vertueSc conftacyeuery day:Al which things fhuld lie hid in darke corners of obliuion^werc it not for the bright fire- brands of thefe c5mon Midiions and calamities. For as cofl ly fpices do giue a fweet (auor far ofiF,ii they be bruiF:d:euen fo the fame of venue is Iprcad abroad, w he is is prefled with aducrficjr^ ■ - - chajt^
^o THE SECONDBOOKE
CHAPT. IX.
OfChaJitcement^ which ii^efecond ende. It isfroouedto be for our hchoofe^t ivo mAnntr ofwaies .
AN other ende why God fendeth aflflidions^fs for our Chafticement; which I fay is the beft and geti- " -y— teleft that may be for our amendment . It helpeth
OUT clultice- 1 1 I 1 » r • t- i *
j„cn5, and healethjvs two manner ot waics. Lytherasa
whippc when we haiic offended : Or as a bridle to holde vsbacke from offending. Asawhip^becaufeitisourfa- thers hande that dooth often fcourge vs when wee doo amifTe : but it is a butcherly fift that ftriketh fcldomej and Whiclicor- thenpayeth home for all at once. As fire or water arc rcdion docK vfcd to purge filth ; So IS this Purgatorie of perfecutions cithcrblot tooutfinues. Thiswhip fLip/r^^ isnow worthilie be- out.andwipe flowed vpon VS. We Flemings haueofalong time faluc feaces?"^^ * inthelapfe^and beeing corrupted with delights and ex- celTe of wealth^we haue wandered in the flipperie pathes of vicioufnefle.- But that great God dooth admonifh & gentlie reclaimc vs, giuing vs a fewe ftripcs, that beeing warned thereby, we may come againe to our felues, yea rather to him. He hath taken from vs our goodesjwhich weabufedto luxurioufneffe. O ur liberty, which wee a- bufed licentiouflie. And fo with this gentle corredlion of calamities, he dooth ('as it werej purge and wafhe a- waie our wickedneffe. A right gentle corredion it is. For alaflcjwhat a flcnder fatisfadlion may wc call it ? It is faid that when the Perfians woulde punifli any Nobleman, theytookefrorahimhis garments and hood,andhang- ing thofe vppe, did bcate them in ftead of the man : euen ft dooth this our father, who in all his chaliifementes toucheth not vs, but our bodies, out fieldes, our wealth, and all external] things. Likewife Chafticement (eructh as a bridle^ which hec
^ raineth
OF CONSTANCIE 8i
rayncth fidic^whcn he fccch vs running to wickcdncs. A$ .Pfiyfitiansdofomciimesvpongood aduife let blood, not thacthcparticisfickCjbiitto prcucntficknes : So ^^^^y ^r^^^^c^^th^^ thcfc afHidions takcth away (omeihing from vs^which els ^^^^ ^^ ^;^^ would fofter and nourilh vices in vs. For he knoweth the commiiiing nature of all men,vvliicl: created them all- He iudgcth not t^«°^- of difeafes by the vaincs , or collour : But by the very heart ^^^ .^ .^^^^^ andinwardes.DothhcfectheTufcanewitsto beelharpe Japrcucnti4. and wafpifhr* He kcepeth them vnder with a princc.Doeth he fee the Switzers to be of difpofition peaceable & quiet? Byhimwh«» He ginech them libcrtie.Thc Venetians to bee of a mcane |^^^^"5jf"f^, betwcenebothPHepermittethto them a mixtor mcane y^J^^jfjelc^ft* kind of goucrnment. All which pcradueture he wil change difpcfuioiw in time, if thofe people alter their di(pofitions. Yet not- »« v»» withftandingwe murmure,Ciying, Why arc we longer af- flidcd with warrc, than others]? Or why are wee heldein more crucU bondage ? O foolc,and ficke at the very heart/ ^rt thou wifer than Godf Tell me ,why doeth the Phyfitian Thcrforc we miniftcr to one patient more Wormewood or Lingwort, *J°'"jjy-J"j|f than to another r'Forfoothbecaufe the difeafcordifpofi- fc^rchthcfe- tion of the party ib rcquireth.Euen fo think thou of thy felf. creates of hit He fceth this people haplic to be fomewhat ftubborne and *ncdicinc$. therefore that they muilbc kept vnder with corrcdions.* ^^^^^ ,. an other nation moremceke that may be brought vnder crhth^cmlccoff obedience onely with fhaking of the rod. But it may bee ding to the that vnto thee it feemethotherwife. What maketh that **»"«^^^^^^ to the matter? Parents will not fuflfcr kniues or weapons in "^^"^^*' the hands of their chiIde,though he wecpe for it , becaulc they forefee the daunger; whyfhoulde Godgcue vstoo much of our wil to our own dcftrudionr'Sith indeed wee FjnaiiicAac be very babes^and kno w rot how to as] c thinges that bee our iudgmcnw for our healthjHor to auoyd that is hurtfull. Nochwitftan- ^^^ notTound ding^if needs thou wilt,vvecpe thy fil : yet fhalt thou drink ^"^^'^ ®*'"* of the cup of afflidions which that heauenly phyfitian offc rcth thee full o the brimme,not without good aduife.
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CHAPT. X/
Thully that ftmillonient itfelfe is good and wholfomeyin re» Jpe^ ofGod^ofmcn^and of the f arty that isfumjljed,
Caiamiticsfor T) Vt PVNISHMENT I confcffc belongcth to euill pumihmcafs |jixicii,andyetisnotiteuj]l. Forfirftitisgood ifwcc haue rcfped vnto Godjwhofe eternal and inuiolablc Which puniflr law ofiiifticcrcquircth that mens faults bceithercuicd, ^^^ *^^J[^^^*orcutofF.Nowchaftccmentrcformcththofcthat may b^thln^r^fpcft bc amended: punifhmenrjcutteth awaiethc incureable. of §oa,& men. It is'good againc in regard of men.aniong whomc no fb- cietie can ftand or continue, ifbulie andvngodly wittcs may pradicc what they plcafe vncontroUcd. And as it is expedient for the fecuritie of each priuate perfon to hauc execution done vpon a particular theefe or murthcrer: So is it behouef ull in generalljthat the like iuftice bc fnc- wed vpon notorious publicke malefadors.Thcfe punifli ments vpon tirants and fpoilcrs of the whole worlajmoft neceilarily be inflidedfomtimcs,that they may bee mir- rors to admonifh vs. That it is the eie cfiujiice vrhich he^ honUeth all things. Which alfo may cryc out to other princes and people. (ayDifcitifupi (ji) Learniujiice now by this^ndGod ahoue defpife no more. ^UmmonitKft thirdly punifhmentc is good in reipcdl of thofe that Zl"JZ7m^ be punilTiedifor it is not properly vengeance or reuengc, neither doth the gentle deietie/«;2///:?«;|^(?r(5^/>r^^^. Andalfoinrcs As a wickedPoct Sid weliBiit it isoncly a prohibition & fpea of them r eftraint fro wickedncs. And as y Grecians fignificantly thaurc puai. ^^ ^^^^^^^ itC^)CHASTIC£MENT notRKVENGE- MENT, As death is many times fent to goodmen before (''«)Mi3>uxa-j;ou theyfallintoagreuousfinrSoichappenethto thofe that Tiuoi^lot bedefparatly wicked in the middes of their vngodlines, %fyt£i!i' which they do loue fomuchy they cannot be drawne (loiih fro it except they be clean cut ofF.Therfore god ftoppeth
vsof
OF CONST ANCIR ?3
ofour vnrulie coiirfe, gently taking away offenders and iMh.Khet. fucli as arc runing into iin.l o concliidc,al punifhmcnt is ''p^'yf.Z'^^ good, in refpecl of luftice \ as impunitie or lackc of due ZmjorMit correction is cuill, which fuffcreth men to iiuc till they inrejpeifoftbe be more and more wicked, that is, miferablc. Boetfmsf'^^^^''^^'^^''f fpakc wittilie. The wicked that Abide fome funi^nnent are ^ '^* happier^ then if no rodofluflice did corre^ them. And he yeeldech a reafon^becaufe fomc good bcfalleth them (to wit, Corredion j which they had not afore in the Cata- logue of their faults.
CHAPT. XI.
of the fourth er?d^ v;hich is vncertaine to man. That it ap' ferteineth cyther to thepeferuation andfafetie. Or els to the ornament and heautie of the whole World, Euery oft hefe point es largely handled.
THc three endes aforefaid {Lipfms) are certaine and A certcn gcne- culdent^whichl haue paffed ouer withfure foo- ^^'f^''^^^J^\. ting, rhc fourth remaineth, wherein I wauer, for ficTJefpeaing the fame is more fecretand farther remouedjthen that the whole thecapacitieofmansreafoncanattainevntoit. Ifeeit ^^^^^* onelychroughaCloudc,andImay coniedure thereat, Richer for the but not know it .-wander towardes, but not to it. This conicruation, end which I Ipeake of is generall , and refpedeth either ^^ ^^"^ ^^^ ^^O* the conferuationofthc whole World, or the ornament "'^^"^"^^^^ thereof. And touching the conferuation I doe therefore (^^^so faith ^t coniedure , becaufe that fame great G9d5 which hath Hebrew vife wifely created and ordered all thefe things,fb made them ^"-'^'f'^^'"^ as that he hath difpofed them all in (^) Meafure ^number ^ "^^ '''^''■^' ^^' andWeight^ neither is it lawfuU for any thing in hi s kinde to furpafliC that meane, without the ouerthrow and mine of the whole. Euen fo thofe ereat bodies, the Heauen, the Sea,and Earth haue their bounds : So euerie age hath his prcfcribcd number of lining Creatures. Likewifc is it
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in men, tovmcs, and regions: will any of theft exceedc
their bounds > Then of ncccfsitie fome whirlewind and
tcmpcil of misfortune muftconfamcthem, orclfe they
would hurt and deface the bcvvtifull frame of this worlde.
But 11 is apparant, that they doo often ftriue to execedc
Allcrcature* j-^^jj. number^ efpecially thole Creatures that by nature
^e jfumg /o doo engender and increafc. Behold men, who can deny ■
fnja:ficana thatby natuFc wcfpring vpa gicat dcalc more then die/'
cncreafc abon- 5^ ^^Lzt two men doe fometimcs within the fpace of a few
^"' ^' yeares procreate a hundred out of their bodies, of whom
ten or twenty doe not die. Heards of Cattle alfo wouldc
cncreafc without number, if Butchers did not choofe&
Which wouia cull out yeerely 3 certeine of them foi* the lliamblesX ike-
growtoaninfi wife birdcs and fiQies woulde ina fliort fpace pcfler the
w^^-ck"nozfoT ^^^^ ^^"^^ ^^^^ v/atersjwere it not for fightii-jg ^nd vvavre a-
vioicmrnd ^^ mong themfelues5as alfo deccipts praftifed againfl them
vnnacuraii by men. In eucry age Citties and tovvnes are buildcd,
'"^^^* and if burnings or other dcflrudions happened not, our
World, nor fcarccanother would containe them. And
Thcrforc the fo in conceipt thou maiefl pafTe through the nature of all
catmti«T^ things. Therefore, Is it any maruell, if that olde father of
iiccdfull,to the familiethrufl in his fickle into this ranke fielde, and
njcwcandcuc cutofFfb.mefuperfluous thoufandes wit^i peflilence or
warre F If he did not fo. What Countrcy were able to
Orclsy wcvld)\ containe vs P What land could afFoord vs nourifhmcnt ? '
could aot con- Therefore in Gods name let fome partes perifh, that the
'^*""^' whole perfedion of all may be pcrpetuall. Foreuen as
Which go d vnto goucrnors of Common-wcalthes,the fafegarde of
«arcth for cfpc the people is the highefl law, fo is the world to God.
ciaJly. And concerning the bewtieor ornament of y world,
Alfothefc *^y conieffcure is two fold. Firft, for that I can conceiuc
greatcalami. no trimneffe in this huge engine , without a different
lies ar»ddcftru= change and varictfe of things. Iknowc tharthefunnc i$
domcan<fbew moflbewtifulliyctthe dewie night, and the mantle of
tificthcworid that blacke dame putbetwcene,maketh him to appeerc
withakiiidof more gratious. Theiummerismoft pkafant, yet the
-""- ^ "^ win-
yarieiic.
^'OF CONSTAKCIE. 9i
winter dooth make it more loucly with her ycic marble and white fhow. Which things if you take awayjin truth you dcpriuevsofthe inward delight and feeling both of ilinnc and Summer. In this our Earth, one vniform fa-* ftiion pleafeth mcnot^butltakepleafure to behold the Champion countrey and mountaincs, vallies and rocks, Ficldestilled and Sea lands, meadowes and woods. Sa- cietieand lothiomncfTe is euer a companion of vnifor- mityorlikcncffc. Andvppon thisfbgeofmy]ife,whye fhould one falliion of attire and gefture content mePNo, it fhal not. But (in my minde) let there be times of great quictnefle, and therein fome naughtineffe , which loone after tumults ofwarres and the rage of cruel tyrants may take away. Who would wifh this world to be like a dead Sea, without wind or wanes ?
But I perceiuc moreouer another kinde of ornament, And'in the a: ofmore account and inward profit. Hiftorics doo teach mending or me, that al thingcs become better and quietter, after the P^^^^ing of ftormes of aduerfities. Dooth warre vex any Nation ? Lr"mind"s. The fame dooth alfb (a) quicken them, and moft com- monly bringeth in Artes, together with other thinges,^^-^^^^'^^!,^^^ that doo diuerflic adorne their wittes. The Romanes in fpe'^,vht!hfa^ib limes part, impofed a greeuous yoke vppon the necke of ^^^'^ ^^^ « <^^* the whole world, but yet a yoke that prooued whole- {^'r^^^j{^^^^ fome in the ende;wherbyBarbari(me was expelled from * ''^^ '"* ourmindes, as the funnedriueth away darkeneffe from our cies. What had the French men, we our felues, and. the Germanes becne at this day, if the light of that migh- ty Empire had not ("hincd vpon vs ? Fierce, vnciuill, de- lighting in llaughiers betwixt our felues and others,con- temnersofGodandmcn. Eiien fb('Ige(rc)itwillcomc topaflewiththenew world which the Spaniardeshaue wafted with a profitable fcueritie, and themfclucs will Avericfit fimi (hortly replcnifti againe with people, and inhabit icAnd ^""'^«^v as they which haue great nurferies for plar.':s,do remoue fome^fciothers^andcutoffothcrfomej qrderingthem
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with skill for their ownc good and benefit : Eucn h doth God in this wide fielde ot the world . For he is a moft skil- ful husband man^and one while he breaketh ofFfom waft braunches of families : Another while hccroppeth and CLitteth away a fewe Icaues of particular men . This hel- pcth the ftockof the treejalbeitthofe branches pcrilli, & thofe leaues are blowne away with the winde. Againe he feeth this nation ver)^ bare and barren of vertues ; hee ca- ilcih it out. Another rough and vnfriiitfuU ; hee remo- iieth it. Yea and fom he confoundeth among thcmlelues & by grafting makethf as it were)a medley of thcm.You Italians waxen feeble and effeminate in the declining of your Empire,why do ye hold the beft ciitry of the world? Geue place. Let the ftcrne and fturdy Lumbards manure with more happines this foile.You wicked Sc waton Gre cians,perifLi ye vttcrly:And let thofe cruel Scithians be fee led & wax mild in your cuntry. And moreouer with a cer- tenconfufion of nations you French men pofTes Gaule ; Comfort dras yeSaxons, Britanie; ye Normans, feaze vpon Belgica wen from the and the territories bordering. All which matters (Lipfi- end of calami- us) and many more are manifeft outof hiflories and by ^"' the euentes of things,to any diligent reader.
Therfore let vs lift vp our felues^and whatfbeuer dam- mage we fuftaine priuately , let vs know that it doth good in fome part of the whole world.Thc rooting out of one nation or kingdom^ is the raifing vppe of an other ; The decay of one tower, the building of an other: And no thinge properly dyeth orperifheth hecrc^butaltereth. Are we Flemings alone in accompteandcftimation be- fore Godr' Alone continually happic^and fortunes white fonnes r* O foolcs / That gieate gran-dam hath many nioe children, whom wemufi: bee contented that fhec cherifh and lull in her lappe one after another, becaufe fhe either can not,or will notdally with them al! at once. Thefunne hathfhined with his bright beames alonge time vponvs; Nowletitbenighte with vs avvhiles,and
let
OF CONSTANCIE. 87.
let the glittering light illuminate the Spaniards and far- died vvcfternc partes . Seneca ( after his manner ) fay th fitly and profoundly to this purpofe. c^ ivffe njanflwuld not take in ill parte whdtfocuer happeneth vnto him\Btit let him know that thofefclfe things ivhichfcemc to Annoy him ^ do belong to t he prcjer nation eft he whole worlds and are of the ?iomber oft ho/e things that do confummate the cctirfe &• effice oft he whole.
CHAPT. XII.
%^n old and common 0 hie ^ ion againft Gods tujl ice, •rvhym- nijl^ments he not equal. Such inquiry is remouedfrom men. anddeclaredto be vngodly^
J Ere whiles Langxtds paufed a little, I fpak c thus : "i As a faire water-fpring to trauelkrs in f ommerrSo is your talke to meitcherifhcth^refrcfheth, and with a cooling kinde of moifturc qualificth my fe- i!Cr and fcruent heat; But yet it qualifiechj not quencheth the fame . There fticketh a thorne in my mind (which al- Codsiuftice fo pricked the Auncients ) touching equallity of punifli- (yponoccafi rnents.For whatfZ^;;^///;f)if that equal ballancc oiiufticc onjisnccnied: ifthis fword ofaffliitions Jjicmim.
Doth often times let wickedmengofree^ As though pu-
K^ndjlayfuchfolke as^oodand harmeleffe bee} "'S'T'"^' ^""^
Why(lfay)arcfomeinnocentpeoplerootcdoutand lT.^i;;i the children and pofteiitic af Aided for the faults of their ftributcd,nor Aunceftors? This is a thickcmiftc in my eies, which (if '^^^""'*^^^''* youcan)difperfe with the bright beames ofreafon . Lan- gim with a wrinkclcd forehead, yea younkcr ( quoth hee) are you fb foone gone aftray againe ? I will none of that . For as skilfull huntfmen fuf?er not their hounde to range 5 but to follow one and the famedeere : So woulde Ihauethcetotreadeonely inthofcfoocc rteppes which I hauc traced out vnto thee. I woulde beate into thy brayne the cndes of afflidions to the intcnte that if
thou
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thou be goodjthou maycrt thinkc thy fclfc to bee cxcrci- fed : if fallen,to be lifted vppe ; if vtterly naught, to be pu- niflied. And now thou draweft me to the caufcs. Wan- dring mindc! What meaneit thou by this curious care- fulneffe /* Wile thou ncedes feclc thofe celeiliall fires ? Sutthcfcarch They will mclt thcc like wax. Wilt thou clime vppe in- thcrof is Cic- to theTower of prouidence f Thou fhalt foone fal down wed tobcc a-^ headlong. As butter-flies , and other little flics doo by PKiti^"' ^^' night flutter fo long about die candle, till it burne them : Euen fo dooth mans mind dally about that fccret cciefti- al flame. She we me the caufes {^fayeft thou) why the vengeance Whichisioy- ofGod oucr skippcthfomc, and whippethothcrsr'Doft net! ^^'^^J^^'JI*^' thou f eek the caufes f 1 fay mod fafely, that I know them gcro a "^^"^j^Qj^ For the heauenly Court neuer comprehended me, nor I the decrees thereof. Of this oncly I am afTured.that Gods will is a caufc aboue all caufes3 beyond which,who fo fccketh anothetjis ignorant of the efficacie and power And wherein of the diuinc nature. For it is ncceflaricj that cucry caufc "^^^^-blinr^^ beinalbrtjbcfore and greater then his efFcd: but no- ^^^ ' thing is before, nor greater than God and his will, there- fore there is no caulc thereof God hath pardoned : God hathpunilhed; what wilt thou hauc more r' The will of Goduthechiefc lufticc^^s Saluia»us {iiih well and god- ly. Yet ye fay, we require a rcafonofthis inequality. Of whomc ? of God / To whom that is lawful! whatfoeuer God w^ifhs^ him liketh^ and nothingliketh him but that which is law- thcrforc light, ful if the feruant cal his maiflcr, or thefubied his So- becaufche mU ueraigne to account^ the tone may take it in contempt,^ Icthit. jj^g totheras treafon. And art thou more bold with God?
h'chvasvit' Fie vpon fuch peruerfe curiofitie. (^) T/jss reafon cannot liUefpoke^ml^ 7?4«^ othcrwifc^ then if it he rendred to no man. And yet Saitts%afjjap' vvhcn thou hafl: doone all that thou art able, thou fhaltc fiifdt^Tiberi^ not clccre thy felfe out of the darke miftes of ignorance, 'Pr^r*cli!^«"o^*t)e partaker of thofe meerc myftical councelles and oks// ^ ' decrees. It is excellently fpokcn by Sophocles, Thou
OF COMStAKCifi: 8^
^jaltemuer attameto the hnoi\ ledge of heaucnlythiftgcsyif God concede them : nor ophcm aU^i hough thou heftojvethy ' lahour euer therein.
C APT. XIII.
Tet to certifie the Curious^ three oldohie6iiom are au^ifivC'
' red, K^ndfirjle touching euillmen not funijhed . Wee
f roue they are refrtued^ and pardoned . And that either
in rejfe^ of men thernfclues^or in re garde ofGodsnature^
which isjloivto^uniih.
TKis plainc & broad way (^Lip{ius)is onely fafc here: All others be deceaucable and flippcry. In diuine andheauenly matters, it is the (harpeft fight to fee simplistic & nought; and the only knowledge to know nothing. Yet "^^^^^^^/^"^^ becaufe this cloud hath of old time, and nowe doth com- codr^ paffe mens wittes, I will wind theeoutofitfhortly^if I can. And will waili away that that fticketh by thcc^with this riuer here at hand . O thou celeftiall and eternal] fpi- rite (^thcre with he caft his eies on high) pardon and for- giueme if in thele profound mifteries I vtter anything impure or vngodly, yet with a godly intent. And firftl may generally defend the iuftice of God with hisowne whofeimi-cc blow . YfGodbehouldtheaffairesofmen,he hathcare^^^^^^^^^ of them .• if he haue care^ he gouerneth tliem : if hee go- uerne^hee doth it with iudgementrifwith iudgement, how can it be without iufticcPwhich if it be wanting rher is no regiment nor gouerment at all^but diforder, confu- Which onely fion J and trouble. What haft thou to oppofe againft this ""«• jgnoraucc weapon ? whatfhielde or armour ? Say the truth, oncly ^^^^ ^' * mans ignoran:c. Ivnderftandnot(faiftthou)why thefe (houldbe puniriied,andthofe not. Wellfaide. VVjlte thou therefore ioync impudencic to thy ignorance?And becaufe thou comprendeftnot the power of the diuine and pure lawc , wiltc thou carpc at it ? what more vniuftc
N xeafon
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rcafon would beallcadged againft iuftice ? iffome ftran-
ger (liould vtter his conic6liires oftlie lawes and ordi-
naiinccs of thy-cruntryjthou wouldcftbid himholdhis
^y ^j.r^nl ^^^^^g'Je and be gone,becaulc he Iiath not the knowledge
cuftorac? ofthcm: And doeft thou. An inhabitant of this earth
railily Gondcmnc thcvnknovvnelavvcs of heauen? Thou
creature, thy creator P yet goe to, take thy plcafure* I
wJU cloft neercr with thce,fearchingdiftin(^ly thcthickc
Allc3uills4.r iTiifts of thefe thycauilles by theclcerefunneof reafon,
fj;(|f/^fjj^^^asthourcquireft. Thou obiedcft three thinges, That
foW. GOD Isrtcth fcapc offcndors .That he punifhcth inno-
centes . That hec putteth oucr and transfcrreth hispu-
. . nifhmentcs from one to an other. I will begin with the
The fitft ob- Thou faift that the vengeance of God doth not well
icaionanfwc toouerpafTethc wickcd. Yea,doth itouerpafic them.**
tiwcfcT^in^of^^' ^ thinkc rather itforbcareththemonelyforatimc.
malefaaorl If I hauc greate deptes owing me, and if it pleafe mc
toexacSe my due of one depter prefently , andtobearc
For God omit- with anotherfor a longer time, who can blame me? for
pun£cnt ^^^^ ^^ ^^y ^^"^ goodwill andplcafute . Euen fo doth
buthedotii that grcatcGodj Of whomc whereas all naugh tie men
notremkk. haucdereruedpunifhment, heeexadethit offomeprc-
fendy, and bearcth with others to bee payd afterwardes
with intercft.What vnrightoufnes is here,exccpt it be fo
y thou take thought for God^^e fcare leaft he be indcmni
Neither is god fied by this his bountiful forbearanccBut alas fecly man/
fhTforbw/ Thou arte more afFraide then hurt. Neuer fhall any man
yaunce. deceauc this greate crediror . Whither focucr wee flyc,
we are all in his fight, ycain bondes and fetters to him.
But thou faift, I would hauc fuch a tirant tp be prefently
punifhed, that by his death at this time, fatisfadion may
be made to fo many whom he hath opprcflcdjSo fhal the
iuftice of God be made more manifeft vnto vs.Nay,thou
bevvrayeft hereby thy blockifhncs.For who art thou that
doft not onely appoint God how,but alfo prcfcribc him
wh|n
OF CONSTANCIE: <?/
whentopunilTi ? Thinkcfl: thoiithat he is thy ludgc 5or onely afericantor vnclcr-o(licci?Goe,leadc him hence, whip him^ miifriC his face, hangc him vpon a cm fed tree, ^^^Y God for lo it feemcth good in my cies . Fie vppon this impii- foTcaret^io dencic.VntoGoditfeemcthotherwifcwhomthoumudpuniih. vndcrftandto fee much better in this cafe then thy fclfejP'rft that he '^nd to hauc another end in punifhing. Thou arte pio-^u^nill^^^^^^ uoked with choller, andcaried away withdcfirc ofre-indueiimc. nenge. He being tar from both thefe, hathrefpedtothc enfample and corre6iion ofothers.He alio knowetli bed to whom the fame may do good,&: when. The moments of times are of great weighc^and the mod wholefom me- dicine is often turned tothedeftruftion ofthe'difealed3 not being applyed in due feafon . God cut off Caligula in the prime of his tyrannie. He (uffered Nero to run on far- ther; And Tiberius fartheil of all And doubte thou not but it was for the good of chofe that then murmured at it. Our euill and difordcred manners haue needcofa conti- nuall fcourgejbut we woulde haue it taken from vs at the firfte 5 and cafte into the fier. This is one caufc of forbea- rancCjwhich refpedeth vs .
Another there is in refpeilcof God vntowhcmeic feemeth pQCu\m\Toproceedllowly in reuenge oflmnftlfe^ And to quit that jlackneJJ'e ntth thcgrieuoufnes oftheftmi^> ^^^^ ^^ jj j w^;^/. Well (pake SmcCn\s^T/je dirmie mture proceedcih procrdefhVro /^////r<f/K^W<?rrf^r/>'.AndtheoldSagcs wentnotmucha- an inftinac of wry, who in this refpcd fciixd God to haue woollen feet ^",^y7o^'^^^ So that albeit thou be a hafty man and geuen to reucirge, fpeakej thou oughtcftnotto be gricucd at this forbearace which is fuch a delay of the punilTiment^as it is w ithal an encrea Pccaufc tl-.c fmg of the fame. Tellmcs in beholding a tragedy, willfJJilJ^V^f it ftomacke thee to fee Atreus or Thicftcs in the firftc or niih. fccoftd ade walking in date and mnicdye vppon the , fcener" To fee them raignejthrcateand commaundr" Tb^^'^tm^^^- thinkc not , knowing their profpcritic to be of fmall con- cn.a with a^ ^ tinuancc 5 And when thoufhalte fee them ihamcful- concwJtndant lie come to confufion lathe laftcAdc. Nowetheniii
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thisTragcdyof the World, why art not thou fo fauoii* The life of the rabic towards God,as to a poore Poet ? This wicked ma *'iredli7°r'^* P^^^^pcreth. That Tyrant liueth.Let be awhiles.Remem- sidTc. ber it is but the fir ft Ad, and confider aforehande in thy
mind, that fobs and forrowes will enfue vppon their fol- lace. This Scene will anon fwimme in bloud, then thefc purple and golden garments (lialbe rowled therein. For that Poet ot ours is fingular cunning in his art, and will not lighdy tranfgrefTe the lawes of his Tragedie. In mu- ficke;,doo we not allowe fomctimcs difagreeing fbundes, knowing that they will all clofc in content? But the par- ties iniureddoo not alwaies feethepnnifliment. What maruell is that? The tragedy commonly istcdious, and they are not able to fit fo long in the theater : yet others doo fee it, and are worthily ftricken with feare when they perceiue that fome are repriued before this feucre throne of iuftice, but not pardoned : And th^t the day of execu- tion is prolonged, not wholly taken away. Wherefore (a)The Vay- (Ltpfitis) holde this for certaine. That vngodly men arc nimsgoddefp forborne awhiles, but neuer forgiuen ; And that no man t'Zstt hath afinne in his hart,but the fame man cariethr^)Nc- ftfiors. mcfisonhisbacke. For that Furie followeth them al-
waies, and as I may fay with Euripides, Go'tngfiUntlymd rctth a f oft foot ^ jhe willm due time violently pluck the ivit- kcdfrom off the earth,
CHAPT. XIIII.
Then is itJJjewedthat there be fundry kinds of punifhrnets t t^ndfome of them hidden or imrard^alwaies accompA- nyingthe wicked fa6is them felues, tvhich vfigodly men jhallneuerefcape. And they hee more greeuous than any
outward.
There be three \ 7 Et to make thcc concciuc thefc thingck the better,
GodVeth.** . bulwarke of this argument 5 Thou muftvndcrftand
that
OF CONSTANCIE. pj
y there be 3 fundiy forts of Godspunirhmentsjnternal, After this life, Ex'-ernal* The firft I call thofe that VEX THEMliN^DORSOVLE YET COVPLEDTOTHE ^in^^rnaU. BODlE y As forrovv, repentance, f eare, and a thoufande gna'.vini^es of confcience. The fecond fort arcfiich as TOVCH THE SAME SOVLE BEING FREE AND ,, , . LOOSED FROM THE BODIE: as bee thofe piininv IkT ments which moilof the olde headien writers did (not without rcafonj conicilure were referiicd forvngodlie men after this hfe: The third WHICH TOVCH THE BODY^OR ARE ABOVT THE SAME: as pouertie i.EcemaU. banillimentjgricfesjdifeafes, death. And it commeth to paffe oftentimes that all thefcj by the iiift iiidgcment of Godjdoo fal vppon the wicked: But certeinly the twoe ^^^^ ofthcfc former kinds dooalwaicsfollowethcm. And to fpeate arcaiwaicsin- oflNTERNALLpunifliments, what man was diere at fli(fteavpon any time fo giuen oner to worke wickednefle, but that he ^^^^ kicked, feltinhis mindefharpefcourges3and (asitwere) heauy Erpedallythe ftrokes ey ther in committing mifchieuous deeds, or elfe *"^.''ofrafiu« ' afterthefadsaommitted.'^For Plato f aid trulie^T/'^////- to'thcmynd, mjhment is the companion of imufiice , Or as Hefiodus more plainly and forceably exprcfleth the matter,// is coeternd Andcoequaliwtth it. The punifhm.ent of wicked neflc is kin to euery wicked aft^ yea bred \\\ it ; ney thcr is any thing free and out of care in this life, but innocen- cic. As maletadors among the Romanes that were con- demned to bee crucifiedjdyd beare their croffe, which foone after fhouldebeare them .-So hath God laid this croffc of confcience vppon all vngodly men, whereby they may fufFcr paines afore they come to execution. Dooeft tnou thinke there is none other punifhment but that which \% obiefted to oureics?Or that which is in- Anaihcmoft- ffided vppon the bodier* It isfarre otherwife. All fuch gricuous pains arecxternall^anddoolighriyfora fliort time only touch ofalloihcr,. ys. But thofe that bee inwarde doo torment vs. As wee iudgc them to bee more ficke which pine awaie with a
N 5 con-
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cofiimption, then they y haue an inflamationor feiicr^ and yet theie laft haue the greatcll appearance ; Eucn fo be thofe wicked men in vvorfte cafe, which arc Icdde to cucrlafting death with a hngring pace. Caligula ru- ling with gueatTyrannic^would be fo ftricken on a fud^ den as though he llioulde die-* So fareth it with thole vvicked-linges when that batcher f their owne minde) prickethand bcateth continuallie withfoftftiol.C5.
Let not the gorgeous outward apparancc beguile lyinghidof- thce, nor thc puifiant ponipe wherewith they are cnui- tencymcsvn- roncd^or their aboundance of wealth. For they are not andmenx " ^^^ happier nor in any better cafe thereby, no more then Goumeniuncc afickeman whofe ague or goutc lyech vppon a ilateiie fcatheibedde. Whenthoukeil apoore bcggcrlyfel- lowcplayincakingesparton a rtage, adorned with gol- den robcsj thou enuyeft him not, knowing that vnder the fame gorgeous attire are fcabs, filthe,andvncleane- neflc : haue thou the very fame opinion of all thefe great proud Tyrantes, Whofe mindes if they might he opc}ied (faith Tacitus) wee frjould beholde rentinges andjhokes : Sith that encn as thc ho die irithflripes^fe is the mind torne inpeecesvxilhcrueltie^lujl^andeuil cogitations, I knowe In wickca men ^.[^^y i;ii^gh fomctimeSjbut it isonely from the teeth out- ercementbc- ^ardc. They rcioice,but with no true ioy. No more twixty tongue certeiucly then they which beingin a dungeon condem- 6cchougb«s. j^g^ X.O dicj doo feeke to beguile thcmfelues with playing at dice or tabic*;, and yet cannot. Forthedeepe imprin- ted terrour of punilhment at hande remainethjand thq image of gricuy death neuer departeth from before their eies. I pray thee draw backe this curtaincof externall thinges, and behold that (a) Scicilian tyrant, (d^DfotrfJius. Ouer whofe Tricked heada nakedfword
Doth diivaies hang, (Vvrhtmrdsof Lyften to that Romane emperour lamentably cry- ^rriVr. ingout(^) ^^11 the GodsmdGoddedesfendmeAixorfedc:^ ^, Jtrmton/henthat Ifeele sdauie djtngmme* Hcarcano-
thcjc
OF CONSTANCIE. pj
thcr of them fighing from the heart, & laying: [a] What ? . ^^j^^^^j^^ K^m I the cnely man that haue neither fr'icnde nor foe ? ^roltlik ' Thcfe arc the true tormentcs of the minde. (Lipfus) death, Thefebc griping grecfes indecd^alwaics to bee vexed, Ibrrovvfulij terrified. Beware thou compare not any tor- tures, rackes, or iron Inftrumentes vnto thefe.
CHAPT. XV.
That p awes after this life are prepared for euilldooers, And mofi commonly d(o externallXpunijlments , Confrmed hyfo?ne notable examples.
I
Oyne moreoucrhecreto thofecuerlaftingpaincsaf. ter this life, which it fufficeth mcc onely to point at p^.^^^ outofthcmiddesof diuinitie, without turthcr vnfol- thiTly^eoT ding of them . Adde alfo externall punifhmentes, which diuinc^ which if they bee wanting, yet inafmuchasthc former ^^^°P^<^P"ty ncuer are omitted, who can rightlie blame the iufticc of God /"But I fay that thofe firft are not lacking: And ne- Extcrnallpn^" ucr, or furely very feldomc dooth it happen^but that no- nifi^ments toriouseuillperfonnesand fiich as opprefle others, doo Wefcnibc'-^ fufFer open and publicke paines. Some of them fooner, forcthofco." fbme later ; Some in themfelues, and fomc in their po- ^^^^* fieritie; Thou marked and murmuieft that the Scicili- p: , . . an Tyrant Dyonifius dooth for many yearcs together p.'rfbnsof!en. commitadultcries, rapines, murders, without controul- ding^orin mcnt. Haue patience a little while, thoufhaltc fee him thcjrpoftcrity, fliortly infamous, a banifhcd man, bcggcrly, and (a mat- ter fcarcc credible j thruft down from the fceptcr,toyfer- punin[m"m^ ruIer.Thc fame king of a great Iland,fha! fct vp a fchoolc that God rent at Corinth,himfelf being indeed a very fcoffe to fortune. vpoDionifius, On the other fide. Doth it grieue thee y Pompey fhould beouerthrowncinPharfalia, and his army almoftconfi- fting of Scnatours ? That the Tyrant (houlde take his
plcafure
Likcwife on Julius Cefar,
^6 THE SECOND BOOkE
p leafurc and paftlme awhilcs in the blond of citicens ? I blame thee not much , confidering that Cato himfelfc here loft the helme of found Iudgmcnt,& from his heart vttcred this doubtiulvokc^Duii^^e f^aturs are fill of ch/cu r//7.NotwithrtandingtbouLipfius3thouCato,ca(lyour eiesa little afulejyoufhall fee one thing that will bringc you into good liking with God againe . Behold that Ce- far, flatly, A conquerour,in his own and feme other folks opinion, a very god -, Slaine in, and of the Senate . And that not with one fimple death5but wounded with three and twenty feuerall thrufts,and rouling in his own bloud like a beaft . And (what more could you wifhO this was donne euen in the courte of Pompci, the image of Pom- pei ftanding there on highj celebrating a g^eate facrificc to the ghoftofthatC/«j Create one. Euen lb Brutus loo- finghis life in the Philippian fieldes for his cuntry, and ThcGREAT, with his cuntry,moueth mc to compaflion; But lam recomforted when I fee not long after thofe conquering armies (as it were) before his tombc falling together by the earcs betweene thcmfelues; AndMaifler Antonius one of the Chiefetaines ouercome both by fea and land^ among three feely women hardly finding death with that womaniAi hand. Where arte thou now that of late wafl Lord of all the eaft? Leader of the Romaine Armies?Per- fccuterofPompei and tlic common-wealtii?Loethou hangeft in a rope by thy bloudy hands/ Lo thou creepeft into thy graue halfe aliue/ Loe dying thou canfte not bee vvithdrawne from her which was thy death/Marke whe- ' therBrutusvtteredinvainethofelaftwoid athisdcath. onOftaummis O iHptterJet mt the mther of this cuillhegmle thee . No Auguftus,An- more did he deceaue or cfcape him. No more did that o- n°ion" '''"'^" ^"^^^ Captain, who not obfcurely fufFercd in himfelfe the puniHimentofhisyouthfull mifdeedesiBut yet more ap- (h)Thatism parantlyinallhisprogenie.Lethimbehappyandmigh- ingiifh/uUof jy caefar, 'and truly (by i^uj^ujffis iBiit with alilct him ^rlncir ^^' haueadaughterlulia^andancccejAJfofomcofhisnc.
phcw^s
wasfurnamed
AlfovponM. Anconius.
And laftly vp^
OF CONSTANCIE. 91
Ehewcs Icthiai loie by falfcaccufations. Others let him anifh out ofhisfauour: And with loathfomnes cf thefc let hiin wiili to die with fowcr dales hunger, and not bee able. Finally 5 let him liue with his LiuU, vnhoncftlic ma- (x)uh though ncdjvnhoncillie keptc : And vpon whom he doted with f^fvajfjifinU vnlawfull loue,(^) let him die a (hamcfull c'cath by her ^f'Ji\i,^r^^„^ mcanes. In conclufion (faith Plmic^He beits^ made a god urlfu at Ur^^t Atidgaining hcmcn\hut 1 wot not whether he deferuedifjlct >» ^^'^ ^if^- him die ^ and let the fonne of his Q?) enemie hehts he ire. [2iauh!^ron Thefe and fuch like things(ii^//>rj are to bethought vp- Ifilaalyhe^ onwhenfocuerwcbeginto brcake forth into anycom-/5"r/?'^«-'^*«^ plaintes of vnrighteoulhcs in god. And we muft alwaics caftourmindestothe confureration of two things, the oflhirplalc^^ flowncsjanuthcdiuerfiticof punifhments . Is not inch a touching com- man punillied? Hold thee contented a litt!e,he fhallfeele piamjng a it ere long: Ifnot in his bodie, yetafTurcdly in mind. If^ '^' ' not whiles he liucth,yet doubtles when he is dead.
Though venge^i unce come behind and her foot e fore, Stnecd,
She ouer 'takes the offender thatgoeth before.
For that fame hcauenlie eye watchcth ftill , and when thouthinkeflitfleercthfoundlicj itdothbutwinkc alit- tlc. Onely fee that thou bsarc t!iy fclfc vprightly towards him: And do not vainely accufc thy iudgCj by whom thy fclfc muft cttfoones be iudgcd,
CHAPT. XVL
An anfweare to the other obieBion touching guiltlcs men. It Isfrouedthat allhaue deferuedpuni'^^ment^fir that al are ojfendors. And -who they bee thafdoe offend more or leffe,can hardly or by no msanes be difcerned by men . It is
. God onely that fee th thoroughly into faults^ and therefore dothfuni[f) mojliufllie.
gainftcuill. men.
O. BVT
9^
THE SECOND BOOKE
*rhc fceond cauill touch- ing guiltlcs pcrfons: which isindcc<ia meeie cauill orflaunder, becaufe thcr be none guilt- lcs or iniic^ €cni
Neiihcr may we pretend incqualiticof the fault and punJIhnacnc
Whcrin men
arenovprighi
JudgC5,
BVt thou faift chat gulltleflre and innocent people arc punifhcd.For this is thy fecond complaint^Or rather 1 may tcarmc it a (landerous accufation. Vnaduifcd yong man/ So fpcakcft thou? In what countrcy may we find fuch coumrcy-mcn as are without fault ? It wcic great boldnelTc, yea rafhnefle to affirmc that of any one man. >^nd doft thou make no fcruple to quit whole peo- ples and nations of offence ? Thou dooft moft foolillily* I know we haue all finned and daily doej we are borne in vncleanncfle and in it we liuc. In fomuch that the ftorc- houfe of heauen (as I may (ay with the Satiricl^e) wouldc be without thunder-bolts, if they were hurled continu- ally vpon all that do offend. For though fifhcs be ingen- dred and nouriflied in the faltfeaand them fcluestaft not of any faltncs : yet may we not thinke it to bee fo with vs men, that we being born in this contagion of the world, fhould our fclues I>e without corruption. Then if all bee offendorsjwhcre are thefe harmles innocent people? For punifhment is alwaies moft iuffly y companio of offence But thou wilt favjl raiflike the inequality, in that fomc folkehauingtrefpaffed but a little arc greeuouflic correc- ted : ^nd others notorioufly naiigh t, are f uffred to fiorifh and haue dominion. I fee what the matter is.Beiikethoa wilt take the ballance of iuiliccout of Gods hand, & wilt poife it after thine ownc fantafie and plcafure. To what clfctendeth this thy valuation of greater or fmaller of- fences, which thou affumeft vnto thee before God r' But heere (Lipfius) I would haue thee confider two thingcs : Fifft that men cannot neither ought to take vpon them the iudging of others faults. For how can it be that thou (fiUic man^ iTiouIdft weigh faults vprightly, which dooft not markc them throughly ? Canftthougiuefentenec iuftly of that which thou arc not able ro examine diliget- Kc.'' Thou wilt eafily graunt thatitisthemindeorfoulc which fmncth ^ by mean^s of the body and the inftru-
ments
OF CONSTANCIE. 99
mcnts of the fences, but yet fo, that the whole waightc and burthen of finnc rcfteth vpon it . This is fo true, that if thougranta maiihath committed ought acainft his '"*«''•«? will, then he hath not thereinfmned . Iht belo, how art ["„ZhKhU thou able ro behold the ofFence,vvhich fecft not fo much the featotCv as the harbourand featc thereot? And furely thou arte fo f arte from feeing an other mans mind, that thou pcrcea- ucft not thine owne . Therefore this is greate folly or te- merity in arrogating to thy felfc the cenfuring and iudge- ment of that thing which is not f eene,nor to bee fccne- Neithcrknowne notable to bee comprehended by any mans knowledge. '
r ?T"r^l5^' ^'^'"'"'^ ^'"^'''^ ^'^ ^"'^h inequality as thou Ipeakcft oftYet is there no harme nor wrongc don here- in .No harme,in y it is for their good which arc prefcntly Neither yet punidied eucn for their Icaft faults.Therin Godloucth vs the ouf/" And we ought greatly to mildoubte longe forbearance °"^"'"''p"- which eucr bringeth with it moregrieuouspaines. A-Cthoft'en game neither is there any wrong donne thereby, bccaufe "i-nes is for Casllaidejwcchauea'lofvsdcfcrucd punirtiment and^""''- there IS not in the beft any fuch purity,but that lorn /pots doc Itaine them, which muftbe waQicd away with this lalt water ofaduerfitics . Wherefore /youne man^ lette t., c pairethismoftintricatedifputation o/the eKatS taultsand ottences, thou being an earthly and very lim- ''"' '"''ft'"^" piciudgc Referrc it to God, whodifcerncth morevp.'°°°'*'''°"*- rightly and foundly that matter from his hieh throne of lufticc. He alone it is that eftecmeth indiiFcrently of dc- lcrts.Hc,which without al fraude or dawbing of difliinu- lation beholdeth vertuc and vice in thcit proper hue V*""';"/'""
Who can deceaue him which fearcheth all outward anrh'^«°^^^^^^ inward thingesalikci'whichfecth both body and m-nd' ^^'""nnocou* The tongue and the very vcynes of the hcarte ? Finally 7,r'"1^°' allthines whetheropenorfecretf who feeth not oS? ^^bTslX" deeds don, but eucn the caufcs & procccdinces of them as clccre as the noon light.Thalcs,being onccdemanded
0 2 Whether
100 THE SECOND BOOKE
n^hetherxnyorje cotddheguiU God^tbat Aidcommit wicked- nejfe ? No, nor if he do hut tmagine it onely ; So faid he tru- ly. But now it is otherwife with vs being here in darkncs, who not onely doo not fee fecret finnes ^ but alfo fuch as are doonc vnder the coate and skirts(^as they fay^ no n^ fcarcethofethatbemanifeftand committed in thedaic light. For wee doo not difcerne the fault itfelfe and the whole force thereof, but onely (ome externall fignes of the fame.when it is doone and hath turned the backe to be gone againe. We do oftentimes thinke ♦•hem the beft men, whom God knoweth to bee che worft : And thofe we rcieft, whome he dooth eleil. Wherefore f if thou hauc wifedomc) fhut thine eics^ and ftoppc thy mouth from hauingany thing to doo touching the worthinefle or vnworthmefle of men. Such hidden caufcs are hardly knownc for ccriaine«
CHAPT. XVII.
K^n anfwere to the third ohieBion touching punifl)mente$ tranjldted or put off from one per [on to another^ It is JJ^eivedhy examples that the fame is v ft ally doon among men. What is the caufe v:>herefore God vfethfuch tran- Jlating offtsniji^mentsfrcm one to another, C^lfi cer-" teine other matters full of fuhtile curiofitie.
BVt now the third cloud brought \\\ to oucr- fhadowc Gods iuftice, muft be blownc away. Forfomefayc
of godsiufticc. ^^'^^ ^^^ ^^^^'^ "^^ ^^^'^ vp^^'ghtly in fhifting ouer touchins^Sub? puniiTiments from one to another : Neyther is it we! ftiture^ in that the pofteritie fhould fuffer painti.s for the faultes of puniihmcntcs. their predcceflors.What.^ Is that fuch arareor ftraungc Which is a niattcrr*Nay rather I maruel why thefc men (liould mar- matter neither uell at that, feeing they doo euenthcfameheercin this ftfiingc nor world. Tell me in good footh, doo not the rewards that ^aufualamong princes bcftow vppon thc Aunccftors for their vertuesj
rcmainc
OF CONST ANCIE. lot
remainc and redound alio to their pofteritic? Surely they do. And I thinkc the like ofrcuengc and punillimcnt for their cuill dcferuinges.Bcholde in cafes oi trealon againft ^^^^^^^ ^^*'^ the ftate or perfbn of a prince/ome are apparantly in the je^dgcrand faiilte, and others do communicate with them in the pu- punuhmcnts niflimenc. Which thingis fofarre intended by mans fc- fhe'^'oftcr"*^^** uerity^as it is prouidedbylawcsthat the innocent chil- ^^° dren5niouId bepuniflied withperpetuallpouerty -^fo as death mayjceme afolace to them , and life afcourge . Your mindcs arc altogether malitious. You will permit that to fomckingc or pcttic-potentate, which you will not vnto God ; who notwithftanding ifyeconfider it well, hath far greater reafon of this feuerity . For we haue tranfgref- That god doth fed and rebelled againft this mighty king euery one of vs; ^^^ ^"^'y ^^ And by many defcents is that firft blemiHiorftainediri-^^^^^^S^^?,-^^^ ued to the vnhappie children; Sucha cheining andlin-ge^aufcwcarc king together of offences there is before God. Neither naturally was it my f ather,or thine that firft began to (inne^but the ^'"^^^ ^»'^ father of all fathers. What marueill is it then if he punifh i^lulkoSco^ in the pofteritie thofe faultes which be not properlic di- cei. uers, but by certcn communication offeede made ioynt^ and neuer being difcontinued.
ButtolctpaiTethefehigh miftericSjandtodealewith thee by a more familiar kind of rcafoning^know this, tliat P-^J^^X ^«* God ioyneth together thofe thingcs which we through vnke^thtogc* frailty or ignorance doc fepcrate and put a funder : And ^hcr and bring, thathee beholdeth families, towncs kingdomes,not as "cJ^tho^"^ things confufeordiftinguifhedjbut as one body and in- t^'h^ngcsand tire nature . ThefamilieoftheScipioes or Ca^fars^is but faukcs which onewholethingtohim . Thccittie ofRomc or Athens ^^dofcpcraw during all their time of their continuance^cne. So iJl^e- Thatfocietica wife the Romaincemperie. And there is good reafon it or corporaii- ■ fhould be fb . For therein a ccrtenbonde oflawes^and ^ns before go<t commu'Mon ofrighrs thatknittcth together thefe greate tTrc th[n*«\^*^ bodics,which caufcth a participation of rewards and pu- ^
nifhmcntsto bcc betwixt thofe that haue lined in diuers
O3 ages
X02 THE SECOND BOOKE
tgcs , Therefore, were the Scipiocs good men in times paftrTheir polleritycfhall fpeedethc better for it before thehcaiienlyiiidge. Were they euill?Let their pofterity fare the worlc Haue the flcmmings not many ycrcs pall beene lafciuious;, coiictous , godlcffer' letvsfmartforit. That God Becaufe in al external piiniiliments God doth not onely iciyncthtogc. beholdc the timeprclcnt, but alfo hath refpcd to time bcTh J"li"ucr P^^^^' ^"^ ^^ '^y pondering of both thcfe together , hee fo LrTfondc^r poyfcth ciicnly the ballauncc of his iufticc . 1 faide in all (ayvh^hin ' (^) EXTERN ALL PVNISHMENTS, and I wouldc t'haiiiiiZtt & ^^^"^ ^^^^ marke it welLFor the faults of one man are not L|acJ^^ wr- layd vppon another,neither is there any confufion of of- dicine-Bmin fenccs; (God forbid that.)But thefe are onely paincs and ^com^oZTaiitd chafticements about vs,not in vs: And properly doe con- fpsrhuau^it is ccm y body or goods,but not our mind which is internal. 4>therrv:fe,rvhich And what luiury at all is there herein?vvc will be heires to do^xtendeniy our Aunceftors of comodities & rewards, if they defcruc #nd^»^r* any : Why (hould we ref ufe their punifhments & paines? O RomAines.ye^ullfujf'erpum^mets for the offences of your predecef^ofs^ vmvorthelySo faid the Romain poet, and he fpake true , but only in that he added vnworthely.Voi it is moft deferuedly, becaufe their fore-fathers haddeferucd it. But the poet faw the effed only , without lifting vp his confidcration to the caufe. Notwithftanding asone and the fclfe fame man may lawfully abide punifhment in his old age, for fom offtncc comittcd in his youth:Euenfo in Empires and kingdomes doth God punifli oldfins^bc- caufc that in refpe£l of outward communication and io- cietie , they are but one felfe thing before God . Thefe diftances of times doe not feperate vsin his fight, who hath all eternitie inclofed in his infinite capacity • Did /^3r^Rw ^'^*^^^ (^) Martiall woolucs in oulde time ouerthrowe \Let. fo many townes , and breakc in peeccs fo many fcepters
, . , . fcotfree/'haue they fucked fo mucli bloudc by (laughter, COP|.m«,m ^^^j thcmfcluesneuerloftctheirbloudflhenlwillfure- lyconfefle that God is no reucnger(r; JVhoe hothhea- rethandfeethnhatfoeuerwedoe. But the cafe flandeth
other
OF CONST ANCIE. 103s
©thcrwifc . For it cannot be bat they nnift at length euea in their polkriticrcccaucpuaifhrnent, though flow, yet ncuer too lace.
Neither is thcrwirh god this coniiindion and vniting (a^Bytheft,ie* of times onely ^but of partes alfo . This is my meaning; ^heryand^m^ That like as in man when the(4) handsjy Iccreate partes, ""^'^ and bcUic do tranfgrcflc^thc whole bodie buieth the bar- gaine dcerlyrSo in a common multitude the fin ofa fewe, is often required at the hands ofall. Efpecially if the offen dersbethcworthieft members as'Kinges, Princes , and Magiftrates.VVcUfaidHeiioduSjandout of the bowclls ofvvifedome.
For one mans fault e the cittiefnjfrethptine^ neflodn^
when one commit t eth (Acr'tledge^or wrong:
From he men God makes tempejies downe to rainc^
Or pefi Hence ^07 famiflr/nent among.
So the whole GrcekiiliNauie perifhd for one man9 offcncejeuen the furious outrage oiAiax OUeusl^iVzwiCc inlewry feiientic thoufandmen were iuftlyconfumed with one plaguejfor the vnlawful(^jluft of the king.Som {byvhtn d.u limes it falleth out contrarilie^ that whereas allhaue fin- *'^'*j'^'''"'/5*' ncdjGodchoofcth out oneorafewe to be (as it were) a p,'^/^'^'^"* lacrificcfor the common crime. Wherein althoughhc i Sara.24. decline a little from the (Oftj^^ig'u leuell of cqualliticjyct of this inequallitie a newe kind of iuftice arifeth : And the ^rj^""^!^ fame which in a fewe feemcthto berigour^isa ccrtaine ,^',*,5,^1/^'^^'" merciful rightcoufncs towards many.DothnotyfchooIe vie hath f^me maiilcrs ferruler coircdle oncamongamultitudofloy-^'^^'^'l^^^^^^^^^ tringfchollers.Doth not a general! in the warres punifh whlT(fee%s.h his mutinous Armic by drawinge thetenthe man? And fomhethfome boththeledoit vpon 2ood adiiife. for that this punifh-^'''"'"'*f(^^''" nient inflicted vpon a fewe, doth ternhe and amend all. //i/^aVw/yn-- I fee Phifitians many times open a veinc in the footc "»^pe*'f''i^iih or Arme,when the whole bodicisdiftcnipcred. \^'h^t'^2'!t^ know I whether it be fo in this cafe ? For thefe matters be miflcrics . (Lip (ins) They be very dcepe miflerics.
If
me
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If wee bee wifc'let vs not come too nighc this' facrcd fire
whofefparkcs and finall flakes we men perchauncc may
Wc rruft with fee, but not the thing it Iclfe . Eucn as they which fix their
draw our cogi- eics too fcriorifly vpon the fun, do lofc them : fo wee ex-
T'r'hi^h"* ti"g"ifh all the light of our mind, by beholding earneft-
mSleryl*- ly this light. My opinion therefore is, that wee ought to
abftaine from this curious queftion fo full of danger. And
Which wc bcrefolucdofthiSjThat mcrtall men cannot rightfully
neither donor |j,jge of offences,nor ought not to attempt it. God hath
coaipichenl ^^1 Other manner of ballaunce, and an other tribunall feat
ofiufticc. And howfoeuer thofc fecret iudgements of
his be executed, wc muftnotaccufebut iuffcr and rcue-
rence them . This one fentcnce I woiild haue thee to bee
throughly perfwaded off, wherewith I will (liut vp this
matter, and flop the mouthes of all curious bufibodies,
Themojlef Arte of Gods tudgements arefecrete^ but none of
them vnnghteoHS.
C APT. XVIII.
i^Paffage to the lafi place ^whkh is of examples . // isfloew* ed to he a matter profitable oftentimes to mix feme things ■ cffxveete tafl withfiarper medicines.
THus much (Lipfttii) I had to (ay in defence of Gods iuftice asainft vniuft accufers;which I confeflc was CO nsTA^' not altogither pertinent to my purpof e,and yet not
^^£« muchbefidcs it :Becaufc doubtleffe-wee fhall the more
willingly and indifferently beare theft greate publike mi- feries, when we are fully perfwaded they bee iiiftly inflic- ted vpon vs . And heerc furceafling our communication awhilcs,L/?;^^//^^fodenly brake out into thefe wordes^it is wcUj I haue taken breath a tttJe : And being now paf^ fed beyonde all the dangerous rockcsof difficultc que- ftiotis, it fcemethi may with full failes flrike intJ the hauen. I behold here at hand my fourth and laft troupe,
which
OF CONSTANCIE. roy
which I intcndc willingly to bringc inco the field. And as ^^^^ fovvrth inarriiicrsbeii^g inatempcft, when they Ice the two ■j'^.^",!^^^l" •/'^ (tfjtwinnesappearc together, do reccaue great lupe & alio mof old. coniforcc ; So tarcth it with mc, vnto whouie after many ^ /]' ''^^"T ''"^ flurdy llormesjthis double legion hath fiievvc J it fe'.f.Lct J-eTtiHyl^. me lawfully termeic fo, after the aiincicnt manner, he- f^earc Both ma caufeitisforkedor twofold. And byitlmufte manfully -^''"''^>'^^^''''' prouc two fcucrall things, that thcfe euills which nowc^-r^^^^^/j^'j^ vvc fufFcr are neither gricuous, nor new and vnaccufto- incd. In ccrtainc of which fewc matters that are behind vnhandled, I pray the {Lipfms) (hew thy felfc willing and attentiuc vnto me. Neuer more W'^AW^iLatigiti^) then now . Foritpleafeth me very well that wee hauepaflcd through thepikes: And I long earneftly for fbmc p.ea- fant and familiar medicines, atccrthefe iTiarpe and bitter pilles . And fo it appcareth by the title that thedifputa- tion cnfuing wilbe. You fay true, q^\oi\\ Lungms > And eiien as the chirurgians after they haue feared and cut as much as liketh them, do not forthwith difmilTe their pa- tient^ but apply fome gende medicines and comfortable falues to aflwage the painrSo I hauing fufficiently feared and purged thee with the rafors and fire of wifedome, will now cherifh thee againe with fome fwecter commu^ nication,&: wil touch thee with a milder hand,as the fay- ing is. I wil defcend from that craggie hill of philofophy : leading thee awhiles into the picafant fieldes ( ^) philolo- gy^Andthat, notfo muchforthy recreation, as for thy ^>^^.^;^^^ health. It is fayd that Demochares a phifitian hauing for [c^, tai^lj^y his patient Confidia a noble woman which refufed all eit^ueiceor kind of fharpe medicincs,miniftred vnto her the milkc «f (7, -^"'^T"^'^^ goarcsjwhich he caufed to feed altogether vpon malfick: ZTpr'oftlfyhlf So it is my purpofe to impart now vnto thee fome hidori- oftaike.cn pfMo- call and deledable matters, but yet faucedwithafecretc/f ^:ir^^''^ '""* hquor of wilcdomc.VV hat matter is 1 1 which way wee at- tempt the curingofafickc bodic, (b wee rcftorc him to perfcdhcalthf
P CHAPT
The firft part ofi his argu- ment touching the Iightnes ofcaUmiiics,
IF we examine them with rca- fon.
mercieis sx^iard mater spbeare.
Neither is
l>anni(hmciU;
giicwous.
lo6 THE SECOND [BOOkE
C APT. XIX
Thatpuhlike euills are not fo grieuous as they feeme to bee\ 7vhich firjle fs hriefelyproued byreafon . Tor mojle commonly iveefeare the cir mm fiances and aiiunBs afthmgeSymore then the t hinges themfelues.
NOw march forwards mine own good legion. And filft of all that troupe which arte affigncd to the vovve-ward', prouing that thefc euills are not grie- uous, which we will conuince by a twofold argu- ment, of reafon and comparilon . OF REASON, bc- caufe if thou haue due refpcdc there vnto, truly all thefc things which do betide vs and hang ouer our heads, arc neither grieuous nor greate, but do onely feeme fo to be. It is OPINION which doth augment & amplify them, and lifteth them vp as it were vppon a ftage to bee feenc. But if thou be wife/catter abroade that thicke mifte, and behold the thinges in the cleeie light. For example (akcj Thou in this time of publike calamities fcareft pouerty, banifliment, and death . If thou looke vpon thele things with indifferent & found eiesralas what trifles are theyi'if thou poifc them according to their weight, how light be theyr' This war,or elfc the tirannie of gouernors through exceffiue tributes will impoucrifh thee . What then? Thou (halt be a poore man. Did not nature fo mak thee, and 'io fhall take thee hence > But if the odious and infa- mous name of tiranny offend thee, change thy habitati- on,{b fhalt thou free thy felfe. Fortune (it thou marke it^ hath holpen thee, and prbuided thee a place of more fc- curity . No man fhall pill and poll thee any more . Thus y thing which thou didft accompt as dammage^flial be a remedy vnto thee . But I fhalbe a bannifhed man . Nay leather a ftranger,if thou wilt . If thou alter thy affeftion, thou chaungeft thy cuntr^^ ; A wife maa iawliatfocucjc
place
OF CONSTANCIES /07 ™
place he bc,!s as a pilgrimc^ And a foole whercfbcucr he goethjis an exile.
But thou wilt fay, death is dayly imminent to me by ^or death i^ meancs of a tyrant. As though it were not (o cucry daye ^ '^' by nature . Yea but it is a iliamefuU matter to die by exe- cution or ftrangling . O fookj neither that nor any o- ther kinde of death is infamous, except thy life bcc fuch. Recount vnto mey bcft $c worthieft perfonnes that haue beene fince the beginning of the vvorld:They ended their lilies by violence . This examination (LipfiH6) whereof I do giue thee a taft only, muft be vfed in all thofe things m" m them" y* which doe leeme terrible, and wee muft beholde them our imaginati- naked without any veftment or vizard of opinions. But ^"*' wee poore wretches doeturne ourfeluestothefevaine and external matters,not fearing the thinges themfelues but the ciucumftances and adiunds of them. Beholde ifthoufaileonthcfea,anditbeginnc to fwcU mightely, thy courage quaileth , and thou trcmbleft with feare, As though if the (hippe were caft awayjthou fhouldeft fwal- lo w vp the whole fea, whereas one quart or two thereof will fuffice to drowne thee. If an earth-quake beefoden- ly rayfed , what crying out and quaking is there f 1 hou imagineftthatthewholetowne, oratleafteahovfe will fall vppon thee: And dooeft not confider that the drop- ping downc of one little ftoneis enough to knockeout thy braines . Euenfo isitinthefegrearccommon cala- mities, in the which the noife andvainc imagination of thinges doth tcrryfic vs. See,tnis troupe of foJdiors/See, thefe iliining fwordes/ why ? what can thefe foldiors , (a)Moyeof or thefe fwordes doe ? They will kill rac . What is kil- f^'J^['^J^* ling ? A bare and meerc death onely . And that the name IZlilloCdn^ may not terrific thce,it is but a departing of the foule from t/Wft^TH/i^* the body (4) . All which bandes of loldiors ^ all which H'^^rEM'vr threatning fwordes fhall doe but that which oncleuer, oFne^TH^ one fmal kernell of a grapCjOr one lidc worme may bring lopaflc.
Pa But
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Butthcothcris more paineful.Nayitisfarre morecafy, for an ague which thou feemcfl rather to choofe, kepech a man in paines commonly a whole \eare togither. But heere the matter i: ended with one blowe inamomenr. Thaetbre it was well fpoken of Socrate.s,who vfed to cal Abricfeand all thefe things no otherwife but GOBLINS or PAIN- comfortable XED VIS ARDS^whichif thou put on, childrenrunnc fayngofSocra from thec affrighted, but fofooneasthouputteftoffthc fame and fhcweft thine owne face,they will come about theeagaine and embrace thee in their armes. Eucnfo ftandeththecafein thefe matters that feemx fo terrible, which ifthou behold without vailc or vifard, thou wilt confeffe that all thy fcare was but childifh. As hailftonesr though they beat vppon houfes with a great noifc, yet themfelues doo leapc away and are diffolucd : So thcfc thinges if they happen to light vppon a conftant fetlcd mind, doo not cart downeit j but vanifh and come to naught themfelues*
CHAPT. XX.
Notv we come to comfarifon. K^ndfirji of all the miferie of the Low- countries and of this our Age^ is e^ agger tL- ted. That opinion is generdlie confute d,^^nd it is de- clared ho w that the natural difpoftion of men is prone to augment thetr owne griefs.
of the former ^TT^His camcft & graue comunication oiLangim was larKCjwhich I nothing anfwereablc to my hope or ex pe Nation.' hauc°bcnc too Wherforc interrupting him, whither nowr'^quoth
copious and L) Was this your promife to me ? I expeded the
confufe fweet wine and hony-combes of hiftories : But you feruc {A)Ontofth$ mc with fuch fower fauce, as there is none more (liarpc 7,wfcmenof among all the flore of philofbphy . What ? Doo you mrmt. thinkethatyouhaueto doo withfome(*OThales?No,
no;Nowyouhauc£/^/^;inhandjwho as he is a man^
and
OF CONSTANCIE. icp
andoftbc Common fbvtof men: So he defircth reme- dies f<)mewhat more fpiccd with hnmanitie, thenthefe I;)e. Then faid Lm^iuswxxh amildcv(jicc and countc- nanccj I confefTe indeed I am worthy of blame. For in following the bright beames of reafon, I fcemyfelfe to haiieftrayedoutofthchighwaie and declined vnwares into the path of wifedome againe. But now I will amend the matter, and returne to holdc on my courfe in a more familiar knowne trade-way . Dooth the fharpcneffe of thewiney Ibroadied.diflikcthcePlwill fweetenit with the honie ofexamples. Now therfore I come to COM- PARIS0NS5and wilprooiieeuidently that there is no- Thclighmej^ thing grieuous or great in all thefe cuils which doo nowe °^.^^^^^ <^^^^- abound enery where, if we compare them with thofe of ue^^bycc^mp^. oldetime. For in times part the lame haue byn far more nfon, haynous and lamentable than now. Hereat I once again more cgerly than before replyed ; Whatf Say you io in- deedr" (a) Andthinkyou to bring me into that belief e ? No iLangim) not fo long as there is any fenfeinmy head. M^^'M^^. For what age paft^if you examin the matter rightly^hath atany timebeenc fo miferableasthisours^Oreucrfhal- ber* What countrey, what region hath fuffred, Sommie things greeuous to be fpoken offhand rigorous to be endured^ Thefatall AswcFlemmingsdoatthisdayr^Wcarcdiakento and mifcriesof fro with wars not onelyforrein, but ciuill: And not fuch [I^fcs!^^"^°"^ onely, butinteftine diilentions euen within our own bo- wels. For theie be not onclic parties among vsjbut new parties of thofe fame parties, f AlafTe my dcere countrey what Safety can faue theer") A dde hereto pcfiilcncc, and faminejtributes^rapinesj flaughters : Alfo the vttermofl cxtremitie of tyranny ; And opprefTions not of bodies onelVjbut alfo of the minds. And what is t' ere in other partes of Europer' war^orfeare of war .* AnA if any peace ^l^^^^^^^- 1^ be, it is ioyned with fhamfiil feruitudevnder petty-lords, cenamiyls and no better at all then any kind of warre. Whiiherfoe- cucn readic to ucc we caft our eics or cogitationsjal things hang in fuf- ^^^^y^^
P 3 pence
no THE SECOND BOOkE
fpeiicc and fufpition. And (zs it were in an o!dc ruinous houfe^ there DC many tokens of falling downe. In fine 7/.^;irg"//iOlikeasallriuersrunne into the Sea: Soitfec- meth that al misfortunes are fallen vpon this prefent age, I fpeake onely of thofe euils which are in a^Slion^and now prcfently tofsfng vs. What need I make mention of fuch ashangouer our heads r" To which Imaytruelyapplie that faying of Euripides :
J fee fo great a fed of euils mgh at handy So that it fe ernes a matter hard^afy to/mm to Und^ Langiusx.\M\\\v\2^ himfelfe towards me angerly, and as it were with intent to rebuke me^Whatr' Dooft thou yet a-
f^in caft thy fclfc down by thefc querulous complaintesr* thoughtthou hadft flood faft like a man^ and i fee thou ^kintsdo failed:: That thy wounds had byn quite clofed vp, but! ftirre vp rhc p^rceiuc thou doft opcn them again.Kowbeit thou muft cmU tharvTcrc be endued with contentation of mind, if thou wilt bee ia forgotten. perfe6l health.
Thou fayeftjthis age is the vnhappieft that euer was. This hath bin an old lay long agon vfedJknow thy grad father faid (b^and like wife thy father. I know alfb that thy Bccaufe wc arc children and child tens children wil fing the fame note.It Augment o'ir is a thing naturally giuen vnto men tg cart: their eies nar- ©wncforrowcs rowly vpon al things that be grieuous^but to wink atfuch as be pieafant. As riies&fuch like vile creatures do ncuer reftlong vpon fmooth &finc poliflied places, butdoo ftickefaftto rough and filthie corners: So the murmu- ring mind dooth lightly pafle ouer the confideration of all good fortune^ but neuer forgetteth the aduerfe or euiU It handleth and pryeth into that, yea and oftentimes augmentethit with great witte. Like asLouersdooal- waies behold fomewhatin their miftredc whereby they thinke her to excell all others : Euen {o doo menne that mourne, in theyr myleries. Yea moreoucr wee imagine thinges that bee falfe, and bcvvaile not onely things prc- Icnt, but alfo fuch as bee to come . AvA what gainc
wc
OF CONSTANCIE. in
we by this fore-reaching wit of OLirsr' Surely nothing els. Yea and to butihatasfomecfpyinp;afjrrcoffthcduft rayfcd by an ^5^"^.°^°^*^ armic, doo thcrevppon forfake their tcntes for feare : So the vaine fbadow of future danger cafteth vs downe into the pittc of delparatioiL
CHAPT. XXL
The fame is more prof erly aridprecifely confuted by comfa-* rifon with the e tills ofolde time. Firji of the rears mi muruelloHS defoUtion of the Jewes.
Vtthou (^Z/^^/yOlctpaflcthcfe vulgar matters, and (foUovvc me now to that Com parifon which thou fo much delircft.Thcreby it fhallmoft plainly appearc vnto thee,that the myferable dcfolations of old time, •wcrenotonely in allrefpeds cqualltothefe of outage, butdidlarrefurpalTe them \ And that weewhichliue in thefedaieshauc caufc to reioice rather then to grudge Thoufaycft wee are tofled with Warres. What then? An i?mraunce were not they ofolde time likewifer' Yes (^Lipfius) they ^"f°^^<=<=<^"*- had their beginning with the World, and fiiall neucr bee ^^"^^^ at an end fo long as the world lafteth. But perhaps theirs vvercnotfogreat,norfogrceuousasoursbe. Nay but it is io farre other wife, that ail ours are mccre ieftinges and toyes, {\ fpeake in good earneft) if they bee compared ^"^ ^^?^
• L 1 ^ • Til 11 ji r i ^ • thorough cue-
With the auncient ages. 1 1 hai hardly hnd an entrance in, ry particular or away out, if once I throw my fclfe into this deepc fea Tort of calami- ofExampks. Notwithftandingrhallwe wander alittlc "^"'"* through al parts of the Worldc.'' Let vscoe. Wee will p.^^^f^^^^^^ begin with Iudea,that is with the holie Nation and peo- ple. I let pafTe thofe things which they fuffred inEgy pt & The innumc- immediatly after their departure therhcnce. for they are "^^^^^ ^^ughs recorded and may eafily be feene in holy Scripture. I^vil ;^^^°j[^ ^ comctothclaftofal^ cucn (uch as arc annexed totheyr
finall
<wwjy«
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(a)ColieSfed finall dcftriiftion; which it is expedience thitl(a)pvO' Tofe^hh!* *"'"^'' pound particularly as it were in manner of a table . They * fuffered therefore in ciuill and forreinc warrcs within the fpace of (euen yeares, thefc thingesenfuing. Firft there were flaine at lerufalem by the commaundement of Flo- riis. ^30
At Cefarca by the inhabitants therc,for hatred of the na / tion and cheir(i') religion, at once. 20000.
At Scithopilis a towne of Siria. 1 5000.
Ac Afcalon in Paleftina, of the inhabitants there. 2 500. AlfoatPtolomais. 2000.
n^note that At Alexandria in Egigpt, vnder Tiberius Alexander then oneh rfiigioft ft prcfident. 50000 .
thattimtvas AtDamafcus- loooo.
^;^«i*cW/M ^^^ ^j ^j^j^ happened as it were by fcdicion and tumults: '^"*' Afterwards by lawful! and open warre with the Romains.
When loppa was taken by Cefius Florus , there were flaine of them. 8400.
Alfoin mount Cabulon. 2000.
In fight at Afcalon. loooo.
Againe by d eceipt. 8000.
At the taking of Aphaca. 1 5 000.
In mount Garizin were flaine. 1 1 ^00.
At lotapa where lofcphus him{elfcwas,about. 30000. Againe at the taking of Ioppe,were drowned. 4200. In TarichcEis flaine. ^500
At Gamala killed, 5e y wilfully caft thcmfelues headlong down from ftcepe places 9000. And not one man borne in that towne efcaped, faue two women that were fi- fters.
Gifcalabeingabandoned, there were flaine in thefightc 2000 And ofwomen and children taken captiucs. 3000. OftheGaderenswercputtothefvvord. 13000.
Taken Captiues 2200. Befidesan infinite nomber that Leapt into the riuer.
In the ftrcetcs of Idumaea were killed joooo.
■ . At
OF CONST ANCIE. nj
AtGcrafium. looo.
At Machcruns. 1 700.
In the wood lardc. 3000.
InMafladaalittle Caftic wciefloinc wilfully by thcm- fclucs. 5?5o.
InCircncflainc by Catulus the prefidcnt. 3000.
BiitinthecittieofHierufalem during all the time of the ficgCjthere died and were killed. loooooo.
Taken captiucs. pyooo.
This whole Cummc{A) bcfides an innumerable company r^y^jhi^i^p^i, not fpokcn of jamountcth to. 1 24000. (htdbyfamint
What faift thou Z/;^?]^.^ Doftthoucaft downe thy eyes '*'^'»^'"^«/- atthisfNay rather lift them vp: And fee whether thou'^^""'* dare again compare the warres that haue bene through outallChriftendomethcfemany yeares^ with the mile- Table defolations of this one Icwifh nation,
CHAPT. XXII.
Ofthe^ejlru^liom eft he Gertians andRomawes by re Arte, ihegredt numbers ef them that haue bene flam bycer- taine Captaines. Aljotheivajttng of the netv world* And the extreame mtferies ofcaptiuitie.
I Reft not heer^but hold my way forwards into Greece, j^,^ ^ ^,^,^il. And ifi fhould recount in order all the wars thatthofc lous c'(/l'ola- people haue had among themfclues at home, or a- ons of Greece, broad with others it would be tedious to tell,and without any profit . Thus much onely I fay^that tliis region hath continually bene fo wafted and hacked with the fword of... calamities as(^/')Plutar;.erecordeth(which I neuer reade l/ic'l/r/,'^^* without anger and admiration j that the whole nation ^tacUt. in his time was notable to make three thoufand foul- diers. And yet (faith he) in times paft cuen in the Perfian vvarrcjonc little towne by Athens called Mcgara^fufficed xoraife that nombcr. Alas how art thou decaycd?0 thou
Qj. garden
Alfo of Italy jaaine Empire*
114 THE SECOND BOOKE
garden of the whole carthr" The glory and bewtic of Na- tions .There is fcarcc now a Townc of any name in this
Wonderful! grea' (laugh- ters by tbc w.irrcs of the Koaoaincs.
diftreflcdcountrcyof Bclgica,that cannot match that number ofwarrelikc people. Now iliallwcrakea vicwof thcRomansandofltalie ? ^uguftincand Orofiushauc already cafed me of this bufincs in rchcariing,§ee their writings, and in them huge feasof eiiils. One Cartha- ginian war cucn the fecond within the countrcy of Ita- ly, Spaine,and Sicilie^and within the ipacc of 1 7 . yeares confumedfoiirteene hundred thoufand men and aboue. (Forlhaue fcarched the number very narrowly .j The ciuil war between Cefar and Pompei 300000. ^ndthc weapons ofBrutuSjCafsiusandScxtusPompcius, more then that. What fpeak I of wars managed vnder the con- duftofdiuers pcrfonsr" Behold. Only C. Cefar (O the plague and pcflilence of mankind /) confcflcth and that (a)VUmm lij. with boafting (a ) That hee fine m battels elcuen hundred n't net) mdtv;o thotifandmm. And yet the butchery of his ciuil wars runneth nor in this reckoning. Thelcflaugh- tcrs were committed vpori forreners in thofe fevv yeares wherein he ruled oucr Spaine and France. Andyetnot- withftanding m this refped he which was fi^rnamcd ( h) THE GREAT, furpafled hirn : who caufed it to be writ- ten \v\ the temple of Mincrua, That he had ouer come ^ put to flight, fuine.d^ vpon yeclding received to mercy, twenty himdredfower fcore drfoure thousand ryicn.Andi to make vp the account,ad Jc vnto thcfc Cif thou wilt) Qj^Fabius who flue I loooo. Frenchmen. CMarius 200000. Cimbri- ans. And ina latcrage Aetius, who in a famcms (Obattcll killed an hundred^threc fcore Zi two thoufand Hugarias. Ncy ther doo thou in^agine that men onely were dc- ; ^"^jl^lj^'^^^'^f^^llroyedintheie grcarwars;But like wile goodly tow nes {dUrlvh.'tarch. werc ruinatcd by thcm. C^to lurnamcd Cenforius, (d) le'jTothe nom-. boaflcth that hc tookemorc cowncsin (e') Spainc^ then St-rof4oo,Ai -^ j^ J j^l^^ J J ' j| countrey. Sempronius Gracchus
^^piwvriis. Of wc gmc ciedmo PolyUus) vtccrly oueithtcw uiiruc^
m
¥i Magma,
Many towers
OF CONST ANCIE. 115
in tlic fame region. I thinlc that no age fincc the worldc began is able to match thcfcjbut only oiirs,yct in another world. A few SpaniardesfailiJig within thcfe foiirefcoreThcfpoiling, years into that inariicllous wide new world^O good rod, y^a v^icr dcio what ei'ceedinff ercat fl::uQhters Iiauc thev urouahtr' !'^'^'°" f ^^^, vvnatwonGcrtiil delolations."! ipeake not or the caufcsindies,orncwc and eqiiitic ot the warjbut oncly of the eiicnts. J bcliold worldc. that huge fcope of gmund^ Cz great matter to haue fcen, I fay not to haue liibducd itJ how it was walked through by twenty or thirty fouldiors. And thele naked (/i)hc^uis ofpeople cut downe by thernjCuen as corne with a (ieth. ^"^■^rlh'^S'i Where art thou the moft mighty Hand of Cuba ? Thou 'h^rlfp'ti of^hth Havtier' You Hands lucaia^f which heretofore beirgre- f^tiaitbYuulh^ pIcniiTied with fiue or fix hundred thoufand men,in (omc "^'* ofyoufcantfiftecnc areleftaliuetopreferuc yourfeede. Shew thy felfe awhiles thou Peru and Mexico.O marucl- lous and niiferablc fpedaclc / That mighty large coun- trey, and in truth another world, (^) appeareth defolatc ('^)^«^^*>'"»^^« andwaaed,nootherwifethanifit hadbeene confumed^^f^S^^^^^ with fire from heauen. My mind and toopgboth do failc y^owth(,je coupes me {LipfiiiS) in recounting thefe matters : And I fee al our ^' '^^^''^^^^^.^^^4. ftirs in comparifon of thofe,to bee nothing clfe but fmall ^'''"'f^''^'^'^ fragments of ftrawjor as the Comicke Poetfaith, Little mites,
>^nd yet haue I not fpok en at al of the condition of cap- tiue flaues, then the which nothing was more mifcrabic ,2f/to/2VX'''^ in the auncient wars. Free borne men, noble men, chil- !!J«!,'^LfL';»= dren, women, alwhatfoeuer they were did the conque-/^'^'^*^ t^death^ rour cary away .And who knowcth whether they were led into perpetual feruitude^or not ? And truely the fame fuchamirerable kindof {lauery5asIhauegoodcaufe to rcioice that not fo much as the refemblance of any fuch hath heretofore byn^neithcrat this time is in Chriften- dome. TheTurkes indeed doo praftifeit: And there is no other thingethat maketh that Scythian fbucrcigntic more odious and terrible vnto vs.
CL 2 CHAPT.
ii6 THH SECOND BOOKE
CHAPT- XXIII.
Mojlm€morihteexampleiofpeJltlenceandfa.mifie in oulde limes pa/i. Alfo the intoller able tributes that h%uebene them%^nd the r me mtis fillings and pow lings .
\
J Etthou procccdcft on in thy whining complainfj adjoining morcoucr plague and famine, tributes &i rapines. Let vs therefore make companTon of al! thefe' hut in fc we wordes. Tell mc,how many thoufands ©hftimc^^^^ haue died of the peftilence in all the low-contrics within thefe fiue or fix yearesr* I thinke fiftie,or at the mofl: one hundred thoufand, But one plague in ludxa in the time ofKingDauid/wyppedawaiethreclcoreand ten thou- fand in lefTe fpacc then one whole daic . Vnder Gallus {A)ZoMfAsXi and Volufianus the Emperours a plague (4) beginning in Ethiopia,went thorough all the Romaine prouinccs, and continued wafting and dcuouring fifteene ycares together. I ncucrreadeofa peftilence greater then that for continuauncc of time^orfcope of places where it ra- ged. Notwithftanding for fiercenes and extreme vio- lcncc,that peftilence was more notorious which raigncd in Bizancc and the places confining,vndcr the Emperour lu'hnian.The extremity of which plague was (bout- ragious^tliat itmade cueriedav 5ooo.coarfes, andfomc ' daies loooo.Iwouldbcafraidefbrfufpitionoffalfhood (h)ProciM,iih. to write this,except I had very r^)crcdib!e witnefles ther- '/.fj,^f'//^'r ofthatliuedinthefamcage.Noleftewondeiful wasthc ^4?^!/' ''^ plague of Afrike which began about the fubuertionof Carthagcln the region of Numidia onely (^now called (c)0f>3/^u,iih.s Barbary)itconfumed(Ocig|it hundred thoufand men In ^^^'** the maritine coaftcs of Affrickc 200000. And atVtica
30t:)0o.foldiers which were left there for defence of that coaft. Again in Greece vnder the raignc of Michael duca the plague was fo hot.That the ImingfHfjicUnot to hurie
th
OF CONSTANCIE. ir;
the dead: Thofe bcc the wordcs of Zonara . Finally in {a) Pctrarchcs time (as he recordeth) the peftilcnce waxed fofcnient in Italic, that of eiicry thoiifand peifonsfcant W^^^/"'^* ten were left aliue. \Y<1, ^^
Andnow touching famine, oiir age hath fccnc none in comparifbn ofold time.Vnder Honorius the Emperor Famine in ty- there was fuch fcarcity and lacke of victiialles at Rome, "^^^spaft, (h) That one man fed vpon another ; And in the place of ,,. ^ the common affcmb ly to fee plaies and games^there was \nn*u' ' heard a voice openly faying, S^/ a price vpon mmsflejj)(c^, Againe throughout all Italy. What time as the Gothcs (ovrocophu ranfacktit vndci* Iuftinian,thcreragedio(brea famine, ^'''''^''^''/^^' that in the cunrry of Picem fiftie thoufand men perifhed inUofllrhinla with hunger: And not onely the flclli^but the very ^xcrc- /<mere. ments of men ferued commonly for meate.Two women (I quake to fpeakc it) killed 1 7. men in the nighte by trc- chery.anddideatethcm:at length themfelues wereflain by the eighteenth who pcrceaued the matter. I fpeakc not of the famine in the holy cittie, nor of other exam- ples commonly knowne.
And now if I lliall fay fomcwhat concerning tributes, it cannot be denied but they are very grieuous wherwith ^!'^ «cefnue wcarcoppreffedjifweeconfider them in themfelues a- [[mc.^ *^ lone witnout comparing y fame with thofe ofold time s. (d) Almoftcuery pronince vndcr thcRomainc Empire (v/)^f/'/<ww/;4* payd yecrely the firft of their pafturc land, and the tentes '-t^u-^tiA. ^ ofthcirearableNcitherdidAntoniusandCxfarftickto ^^^^'^""^« exafte the tributes ofp. or lo.yeercs, altogether in one ycare.After the killing of lulius Cisfar, when armes were taken for defence ofliberty,eucrycitti2en was comman- ct\sexaffesai ded to defray the fiue and twentieth parte of al his goods: my author fa- & mcrcthcn this,as many as wcr ofthe degrc of Senators tethitdowne paid(Oy^^^/'i^-^roreuery tileftone of their houfes.which r'T'^5f:! amounteth to an mhnite lum or mony, and m our opini- vonh Ap^^t, ons neither credible,nor payable. ^ ^utDioWu.
Buc Octauianus Caefar ( I bclcue) in regard of his '''**''-*^* Qj name.
IT 8 THE SECOND BOOKE
riiTiyoc^di^ WnamCjCxaacd & rccciucd of his enfranchized fcriiats, b^oK^si, y eight partofal their goods. I omit that which vTRI- oTZZtt' VMVIRI Mother Tyrants praaifed,leaft by the reher- aitquibui cji fall thereof I lliould inllriid them of our lime. Let one fextap^sdr^ch example of pilling &:povvlin^ feme for all the rcft^namc- Zm^X ly that ofij colonies, vvhichdeuife as itwasmoft (a')Eecaiife ' affurcd fot the ftrengthening of the Empire 5 So there '"^r"n^ '"' ^^^^'*^ nothing be imagined more hcauie to the fiibiccles TKrhofewer'i^' that wercconqucrcd. Whole Legions and bands of old fuch at thf Re- Souldiors were fcnt abroad into Countries and towncs, vuines didjen d and the poore natural inhabitantes there, were in Hiortc pLJiI!'^ inhabit ^^^^^^ fleeced of al their goodes and fubftancc , and that £onqutredfUces without any fault or offence ofthem^but only their welth and fat fields were the caufe thereof. In which one kind ofpilling is contained a gulfe ofal calamities befide*^. Is it a mifcrable cafe to bee fpoiled ofour money f What is it then to be depriued of our fieldes and houfcs ? If ii bee greeuous to be thruft out of them ; what is it to be bani- AedourCountreyfTobecafl out from ourChurchc> The mifcric in and altars? For loe, certein thoufands of people were ta- LONIFS^^^ ken vp, children from their parents, m aiders fronfi their families, women from their husbands, and were difper- fed abroad into diuers Countries, euery oneashislottc was, 5ome among T/^<? thirJUcK^fricans^ As the Poet (peaking of this matter i^x^i\\{c)part of them into Scythla^ am Tm modi- ^^ among the Britannes inhahit'tng the njtmofl endes of the fiifostrheBm vporldfromvs, Onely Oclauianus Cxfar in Italic alone $Mn%s, placed 2 8, Colonies : And in the prouinces of the Em-
pire as many as pleafed him. And I know not of any one thing more pernitious then that, to the Frenchmen, vs, and Spaniards.
CHAPT. XXIIIL Some Jlrmge examples pfcrueltie And butcher lie Jlaugh- ters^furpasfing all the mifckiettous maffacres ofour time.
But
OF CONSTANCIE. 115^
Vt thou fayft further that the cruelties and butcherly (laughters of this age are flichjas haue not bin heard Thcoutragi. of before. 1 know thy meanings and what hath been ous and infa« (a) lately doonc. Yet,vpon thy credit Lipfus tel me, [^rs"of ""ll^* hath not the like beenc among the Auncicnts.*^ Thou art time ° ignorant, ifthou know it not ;, and fcarcc honcft if thou diffcmbleit. The examples arc fo many and rcadye at W^f<*'^^« hand,that it is a bufinefle for me to make choice of them. '^uZte!!'tT^4:. Haft thou heard ®f the name of Sylia, that happie man ? r;sonBlrshoi^ Then art thou not ignoraunt of his infamous and tyran- rnevfudaiu nous prolcription, whereby hecdcpriued one Cittieof (^)fourcthoufande fcuen hundred cittizens . Andleaft thou fhouldcrt thinke they w ere of the bafc ^and mcaneft condition, know this that i4o.ofthcm were Senatours. (byaUriuu I fay nothing of the manifold murtliers that were doonc ^^*^^' by his pcrmisfion or commifsion. So as it was not with out caufe that Q^CatuIusvttercd thcfe sNOxits^lVuh v:hom fhal ;ve line at Ufi.'tfive kilUrmedmo-h in ivarre, and the vnarmcd infesice? Not long after I read that three of fiyllas fchollers being TRIVMVTRI, imitating their ma- flcr, banifhcd(0 300. Senators and aboue 2000. Gen- tlemen of Rome. O monftrouswickednesjthelike wher- (0-^PP'f'»^P. of the funne ncuer fa w nor iTiall fee from Eaft to Weft / "«'^*'^'*''* Read Appian ifthou wik/and there behold the variable and lothlomc fpcdacle of (bme hiding in corners, fome flying away :fome drawing backe, others plucking for- wards,children and wines making lamentations rounde abour. /would /were deadif any man will not affirme^ thatliuiiip.nitic it felfe w^asvtterlyextinguiilied m tiias bloLidyanJ brutifhagc. Thcfc thingcs were executed vppcn senators and Gentlemen of the bed fort, euen knights: Liiatis,almaft vpcnfomany kings &<: princes.
But peradacnturc the common fort tailed not of this fawce ^ Yes, marke howe the verie lame ^V^^^j (d^i/aUri^ (d),y henAsfoiire Legtom of the contrary fi^rty hadyrcddcd ushb.^jt^
to
Afflounteihto thcnombcr oi *40oo. Thogh "5?ncca(pcakc t of 7000.
Qti)VaUni*f,
Q)Jp^4nus,
'bis wordet.
(d)rofilulms, \e)Zifhilmus eJr- Berodianhs,
(f)yaUr'iusAnd others.
(g)Senica.ii» fUlrx.
mhiao'v
"o THE SECOND BOOKE
to hisfidelitiejjc caufed them euery ma. to hefut to thefrvord in a comon vilUgey ihey crying out in v Aim for mercy at his trecherus hand^ , The pitilfull groniiigs of which men at their deathjcomming to the Senate, &: the Senators tur- ning about therewith amafed.Orr//^rf;^//r//'fn (quoth ht) let this be. Only afc'V fcdtciousperfonnes arejfumjhedby my appointment , And furely I knowc not at whether of thc(c two 1 lliould maruill moft, That a man could find in his heart to commit fuch a fad or to vtter fuch words. What? wiltcthou haue yet more examples of cruelty? hearethen (a). Seruius Galba adembling together the people ofthrcetownes in Spaine as if he had to treateof fome thing of their wcalthjcaufed fodenlytobc murthe- red 7000. among whome was the flower of al the youth. In the fame cuntry (h) .L. Licinius lucullus the Confuj, contrary to his promife made at theyealding of the Cau- ca^ans, (ent his loldiors into their cittie and flue of them 2oooo.06lauianus Auguftus whenheetookc Perowfe. (c j Qhoojing out 3 0 o.ofthofe that hadycilded^as well of the better fort, as of the vulgar, flue them in manner offacnfces before an altar neivly ere^ed( d) .T>WO IVLIO.Antoni- usCaracalca being (for fome kindeofiefls Iknowcnot what) offended with them of Alexandria^ f j,entring the citty in peaceable manner^and calling out all their youth intoafaire ficlde, enclofed them with his fouldiors and at a fignc gincn, killed them euery man; vfing the like cruelty againft all the refidue , whereby hce lef te vtrerlie without an inhabitant^ that populous cittie f/; kinge Mithridatcsby one letter caufed to be murthred4fcoic thoufand citizens of Rome, that were difperfed abroadc throughout A(ia about their marchandi(c,and other af- fairesf^^. Volefus Mcffala being Proconful ofAfiajfluc with the fvvord 500. in one day, & then walking proudly among y corpfes with his hands cafl abrod^as though he had atchiued a worthy cnterprife, cried out{h) Oh kingly deed 1 1 Ipeake oncly of prophanc and wicked heathens :
But
OF CONSTANCIE iix
Butbcholdallbamongthofc that arc in name confccra- tcd to the true God^Theodofius the princCjmoft mifchic iioufly and fraudulently calling together at ThelTalonica 7000. innocent perfonsj as it were to fccplaics, fcntcin fouldiors among thcni, and Hue them. Then the which fade there is not any more impious among the iiiipie- ties of the old tirants. Goc to now my cuntry men ot Bcl- gica^and complaine of the tyrannic and trechery of prin- ces in this age.
CHAPT. XXV.
^hetymnny ofouriimcis extenuated. Shelving that the fame Is a thing incident either to the nat ure^ or malice of men, t^ndthat both e xt email and mter nail oppres/ions haue hemic in old time*
Finally, thou doocftaccuic moreouer thct)Tannieof thole times, and the oppreflions of body and mindc. It is not my purpolc ambitiouily toextoU this out agejOrtoaffilideand grieueit. For what goodwoulde comcthcreof?! willfpeake ofthat,that maketh formy purpofe of compadfon. When were not thcfe euiUs rife? And where not? Name me any age without fomenota- (bletiranniejOr any cuntry? if thou canft doe fo(lctmea- bide the danger ofthishazardej I will confede that we be Tyrannic 5: the mod wretched of all wretches . Why houldeft thou oppressions thy peace? 1 fee the old taunting by-word is true, rhat all Z'on a/ aT"' goodprinces may beii) written at large in the compafe of oar times- r/«^.Foritisnatutally geuento mens difpD(!tions,to vfe (^^ Verfcnii, imperial authority infolently,neithercan they cafily keep tlier^cdi^fon' a meane in that thing which is abouemcdiocritie. Euen py^fcrihT vveour lelues that thus complaine oftiranny, ck)beare in which haue ourbrcftesfomc (cede thereof, and many ofvs doe not their original want wil to performe it, but ability. The fcrpcnt being be l,"^^^'-* p'^^«, nummcd with cold, hath yet his poyfon within him, but '"^ ^'"^^'"^^ ^^
R doth
mans nature.
122 THE SECOND BQOKE
doth norcaftirout:So is ir with vs,whom only imbeeiH-
ty kccpeth back from doing harme,and a ceitain coldncs of
Fortune.Gcuefticgrhjgiuefit opportunity orinftrumenw
and I fearmc that they which now are fo querulous againfl
mightie men , will be moft viiruly themlclucs. Wee hauc
examples m the common courk of our life. Sec how this
f^A ^<?j7 father tyrannizcth ouer his children: That mafieroucr his
s:rt4el tyrant ^^ruants , Another fcoole-maltcr oner his fchoiiers.Euery
one ofthcfe i5aC.i)Phalcris in his kind: And they dofiirre
rTicrcitty- vpwaucsasmuch within chcir rium'S, askmgesdocin
rannyaKea- chcir greacScaj. Neither arc other liuing cic^^turcs free
J^°"| °^^^"ftom this natural difpofition: Among whoirimany daex-
turcjf crcifc their cmelty vpon their like in kind, both in the aire,
carth^and water; As it is wclfaid of Varo^
So little fip} to great ones areafratCy
AndJiUte hirdes^the greedie hauke doth Pa/.
Of opprcsfio Thou reply eft ycCjChac all thelcareonly opprefsionsofthc
for jciisiofl body : But now this paflcth all the rcft>thar wc endure alfo
feruile oppicfsion of ourmindes. Is* it fo indeed? Of our
mindcs?Takc heed this bee not (poken more cnuiouflic,
thantrulie.Hee fcemethvntoroecto knowc neither hira-
felfc > nor the ccleliiall nature of the mind, which diinketh
it may be oppreffed , or conftrained. For no outwarde
force can cuer make thee to will what thou will not ; or
to beleeuc that thou beleeueft not. A man may hauc power
vpon this bondc or fetter of the mindc, but not ouer tlic
mind it felf A tyrant hath power to loofc it from the body,
butnot vnloofc the nature therof. Such things as bee pure,
€uerlafting,and of fierie nature/et nought by al external 5C
violent handiing.But(faift thou^it is not lawfull for mee to
TW fame cxpreflc my mind frcely.Be it fo:hcrein thy tongue alone is
bath bin like bhdled,not thy mindThy iudgmcnt is not reftrained , but
wife iMimcs ^j^y aftsJBut this is a ftrange coiufe SC ncuer before her d offi
I
OF CONSTANCTE, ^ ,35
'Al:is good man,liow art thou dccciucd ? How mAiiy could I recount vnto thee, who tor their vnaduifed tongues hauc fuf&ed puni/hment ofal their fcnfes vndcr tyrantcs ? Howe many of them hauc indcuourcd to force dc confiraine mem iudgments?yea their iudii;mcnts (I lay) in matters of religion. Tac kings ofP^r/.? and oi the Eaft made it an ordinary cu- flonic to be adored* And wc know that A Icxander allumcd to himfeltc the fame diuine honor, his own plainc councrcy men the Macedonians miflikingit. Among the Romanes that good and moderate pnncc Auguftus iiadhis VUmmet &: Pncfts in al prouince5,yca in priuat houfcs.as a God. Ca- ligula cutting offthe header fro the images of dieir heathen gods^caufed thelikencsofhis own to be put in their ftecds; and with a ridiculous impictie he erected a temple , Lnftitu- ted prieils and mofl exquifir facrifices in honor othis own maieily^Nero would needs be taken for Apollo', and the principall citizens were by him put to d:atli vnder this pre • tCCC (a) heCitHfe they had nener facnficed before the heauenlj voice, /^\Ta • "^ As for Domitianjie was commonly called, ourGoli^^vA our ^ others Lerd'.whsit vanity (L/p/J)^/) or impietie wcr it to fpeak ought ^ oLected at this day againftany king ? I purpofcnot to failncrer this ^^ ^hraCea gu]f,wherinco no flormy winds of ambition (hal eucr draw or driue mQ^(h)for the rerpardoffUenc^ is votd of danger.! Wll al (lf)pg^fcnh leadge only one teftimony concerning all this matter of fer- y^^^^ r^^^^^ uitudc in old timcs,(Sc that out ofthy faiiiili.^r writer, which pygf„ff^^ I wold haue thee well to mark^Taclcus yvriting of Domiti- ans time,hath thus J^if read that it wets made a matter of deaths raciruj. yrhl VetHsThrafea was pratfed vnto Arulenus Jufiicr.s^or PrifcHt HeUiidhii to Herennifis Senech, ^neither extended this crnelty vn U thofe authors only Jbitt alfo to th eir ^ookj ^the T; v ummrijojiuimT the charge committed vnto them j to fee the monnments of thofe excellent rvittes IfHrned in^ op£ft vierpe of the people , ajtd in the marhet place, ^orfooth they fnpfo fed hy that fire \tteriieto nho- difi orfuffrefethc ffeaeh gf the people of Kome^th^ Ithrtie of
Ra th€
124 THE SECOND BOOKE
U) Note the ^^^ Senate^attd thee onfcieMCes of all nfaf7kind. {a)Ey.fcllwg more^
■ condition afoueralfrofejforsofrvtfdom^artd b <inifhing4il good arts ^to the intent
4'' fijsYe ty ' ^^'^^ ^^ hofjefi th'ng ftjonld remaine in vre . Surely ,tve haste giuen a
ranter notable experiment of patience] And as the olde ages haue feene the
verie htghefl degree in libertte^fo haue wee felt the vttermofl eX'
tremitte tnfertiitptde: The verte fociette offpeakj^g and hearing
being taken from vs hy flraight incjmfitions ^We fljould aljo haue lo(t
our memorterctth our voice ^iffo be ttlay in oftr power to forget^ as
it doth to hold our peace,
CKAPT. xxvi:
Finallie^it Is proonedthat thefeemls are neither (Iran ge ^nor nervei but at all times common to all people and^nations ^ And therein-
fi
^ome comfort ii fonghtfor.
Atrainftthofe 'V TEithet Will I'addcany morc touching comparifon^ whodo imi' l^U Iconlenow to thclalfc troupe of my Legion, which %^(c^ihm' fighteth ?ig"ainft nouekie,but brieflic 3 and with con-
liesare vnac- tcmpt ot"it;For it iliall rather gather vp thefpoylsof
cuftorxed , or the conqucrcd enemies^ than bee forced to any fierce grap- ^!!,^^n!.t^r; pli"S with them. Ft>r in veric trueth.whac is there here that
ding noron- r o 1 rr r 1 t ir-
©as ^ great Can bc accounted new to any man, vnlelie that thou thy felt
beingnew borne,artanouice in humaine affaires? Well
fpake Cr^;;/-^r and wifclie , who had euer this verfe in his
xy rr . mouth3(^b)'e>'J'£?<? is t^e^^harrvee is mf'. roe hauefnffred but things
O •J^ ' f^^^^^"^*^g ^^ ^^^* P^^' ^^^^ mifcries doe but whccle about
^^^TT ^^ continuallyj&: circularly run about this circle of the world.
me, ^^^-^Yhy figheil thou for the happening ofihefe heauy ac-
nape-ipejii cidents? Whyitiaruclieft thouat them?
' ' VJ Agamemnon ^Atrem thy btre
Begate thee not to toy fpilnejfe alone".' - As mirth^fo forronwe fometimes is thy hire^ Mortal thou art ^and thereto yvafithoH borne.
Yr4
OF constangie; i^^
Yed though thou firiue^ndfiuhhttrnly refufe^ God hauing wild itfo^ thou canH not chufc*
This rather is a thing to be wondred at,ifany man were lawlcfly exempted from this common law,& caried none ofthat burthen, whereof cuery man bcarcth apart. Solon i •...••--- feeing a very triend othis ^t^the^s mourning pitcouflic, ncntionoF ' brought him into a high tower, and fhewed himvndcr- -^°^^n,*or neath all chchoufcs in that great cittie, faying vnto him, ^'^"^'^^^"°"* Thinke with thy felfc howe manyfundry mournino-es in times pafthuie bene in all thefehoufcs, how many at this prefcntarc,andintime to come fhalibee: and leaueotfto bcwailethemiferiesotmortallfolke, as if they were thine owne. I wouldcwilhthce (Xz/^yTi^/) to doe the hke in this wide worlde^ But becaufc thou canft not in deed and fadi:, goetoo, doeit alittle whiles .in conceitc and imaginati- ^^ miTcra- on. Suppofe( if it pleafc thee) that thou art with nice in the ble^eToiad- topof that high hill 0//;5v;>«/; Behold from thenccaltowncs, onsinalltlia prouinces^and kingdomes of the world, and think that thou ^^^^^*^' iecfl euen fo many inclolures fiil of humain ca/amitiesithefc are but only Theaters and places for the purpofe prepared: wherein Fortune playeth her bloudy tragedies. Neither eaft thine eiesfarre hence. Seeftthou /talie> It is not yet full thirtic y cares agone fince it had rcfl from auell and Iharpc warres oneucricfidc. Doeft thou heholde the large coun- tiey o^ Germany > There were lately in hcrgreatefparkesof ciuill diflention, which doe beginne to burne againe ; and (vnleiTe I bee dcceiued) will growc to a more confuming flame. ^r;>,v//W? In it there haue bene continual! warres and flaughters, and in that now it rcllcth a wh ile in peace,muft be referred to the gouernment of a peaceable fcx. What of F^^«<r^? See,andpittieher,Euennowcafeltered Gangrxnc of blondie warrc creepeth thorough cuerie loynt thereof
Ki " So
,i5 f Me SECOND BOOKE
Soisit inallthcworldcbcfidcs. Which thingcs ihmkc well vpon ( L/pfius) and by this communication or parti- cipation of niifcries, lighten thineowftic. And like as they which rodcgloriouflieintriumph.hadafcmauntbchinde their backs , who in the middes of all their triumphant iol- litie, cryedout oftentimes ^T f^ote art a m^n^. So ktthishcc cuc/as a prompter by thy (idt^^ThfU thefi things are hnmancy otA^^eru'mwg to men. For as labour being diuiJed between inany,is eafic : Euen fo likcwife is Sorrow*
CHAPT. XXVII.
The ConchfioHofthewhoU conference : with a (hort ddmom- j tiott te the often repeating, Andcarefnl conf deration therof.
IHauedifplayed all my forces (L/p^;//) and aU my argit« maitcs. Thou haft heard as much as I thougjit ncceflary non ana c.- tobc fpokcnin thcbchalfeof CON S T A C I hagamft honation. SORROW. Which God graunt it bee not onelic pleafmp-, but profitable vnto thee: and that it doc not fo much delight, as benefite or helpc thee. As certain y it will doc,if itfincke not into thy cares; alone, but alfo into thy minde: And if, haumg once heard the fame . thou (ufter jc not to lie ftill and wither awayasfcedcfcattered vppon the face of the earth. Finally, if thou repcatc the lime often, and take due confideration thereof. Becaufe that as fire is not forced out of the flmc with one ftroke : So in chcfe tfo- zen hearts of ©urs , the lurking and languifhing Iparkes ot Honeftiearcnotkindcled with the firft ih-okc of admoni- tions . Which^that they may at thclaft be choroughlic en- kindlcdin thee, not in words orappearancc, but indeed (,) G' i vvho J f^^ J huinbUe and rcucrcuclie bcfeech that eternal and cdcft«ll(a;Fire. • ^^
OP CONSTANCIE ,27
When hchadchusrpokcn,he rofcvpha%,andfaid: I nm going (Lipfius) for this South Sun is vntomcatokcn of dinner time 4 Followe thou after mce.Eucn fo (quoth I) ghdlicandVith a very goodwill. And now may I rightly fmg together Yfith you in the (a) ^ntti^home^ as is vfcd in l\o\ic Ceremonies,
Ihatic efia'feithe euiU^ Andft^und the good.
FINIS.
Laus, Honor,&: Gloria ; Deo trino ficvflo^
church vzcYt Impart fs of JiH" gin^ vfed. i^Vrofphoncph tfMitis,an i»' uitation or pTfh
pimtiay that is^ a rcfponfe er anfuvere.^.^y- nod''a, a cbfe or ioynrngtoge- ther in harma^ ny.SeeJpo:^, taAf.verf.j.^. ^. it fecmeth Ije hadrefpeSi /# thU ordiTt
^Imprinted ar London, by ^ichdrde lohnet \ at the
Signc of tlic R ofe and Crowne,nigh vnto
Saffron Hyllj in Holbomc. 15^5.
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