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INBRED LINES OF CORN

Bulletin 523

University of Illinois Agricultural Experiment Station

.

COVER PICTURES

The ears and kernels shown in the photographs on the cover are typical of the two new Illinois inbreds, R59 and R61, and of Iowa L317. In the development of R59, L317 was prominently used.

The ear of R59 is shorter than that of L317 and has greater girth. The kernels are in straighter rows and of better type. The irregular rows of R61 are typical of this inbred line.

Fronts and backs of typical kernels of each inbred line are shown directly under the ear. Kernels in the first two columns are from R59, the next from R61, and the last from L317.

Urbana, Illinois May 1, 1947

Publications in the Bulletin series report the results of investigations made or sponsored by the Experiment Station

TWO NEW ILLINOIS INBRED LINES OF CORN

By R. W. JUGENHEIMER, E. R. LENG, and C. M. WOODWORTHJ

TWO NEW MIDSEASON yellow inbred lines of corn, R59 and R61, were officially released by the Illinois Agricultural Experiment Station on March 15, 1947. They were devel- oped by Oren Bolin2 while he was associated with the corn- improvement project at the Illinois Station.

Inbred R59

R59 was developed from a cross of Iowa L317 X Illinois Low Ear backcrossed once to L317, then selfed until uniform. This line is therefore closely related to L317 and may be substituted for it in hybrid combinations. R59 silks slightly earlier than L317, the plant is shorter, and more resistant to smut, and the ears are lower. R59 has a shorter, thicker ear with larger kernels than L317 (see Table 1 and cover pictures).

R59 hybrids appear to be superior to L317 hybrids in yield, in having lower ears, slightly larger ears, and a higher shelling per- centage. Altho R59 hybrids tend to silk earlier than those of L317^ the seed at harvest contains more moisture. Hybrids of R59 are similar to those of L317 in having somewhat weak stalks (Tables 2, 3, and 4).

The performance in 1946 of fourteen Illinois hybrids containing inbred R59 is shown in Table 5.

Inbred R61

R61 is a rather attractive inbred developed from a commercial hybrid which had been crossed with a four-year selfed line out of Lancaster yellow dent, backcrossed once to the Lancaster line, and then selfed until uniform. Plant and ear characteristics are given in Table 1. Typical ears and kernels are shown in cover pictures.

*R. W. JUGENHEIMER, Chief in Plant Genetics; E. R. LENG, Assistant in Plant Genetics ; and C. M. WOODWORTH, Chief in Plant Genetics. 2 Formerly Assistant Chief in Plant Genetics.

393

394

BULLETIN No. 523

[May,

Table 1. — PLANT AND EAR CHARACTERISTICS OF INBREDS R59, L317, AND R61: Urbana, Illinois, 1946

Inbred line	Days from plant- ing to half- silk	Height	Smut- ted ; plants	Size of ear	Rows of ker- nels
Suckers Length	Cir- cum- fer- ence
Plant	Ear
111. R59, green silk, purple anther	76 77 76	A 6.5 7.5 6.5	in. 26 48 32	perct. 0 7 0	perct. in. 0 5.7 0 7.6 0 6.7	in. 5.2 4.4 4.9	12 14 16
Iowa L317, green silk, red anther
111. R61, green silk, purple anther

Table 2. — PERFORMANCE OF INBREDS R59 AND L317 IN

SINGLE CROSSES: Summary for 1945 and 1946,

Urbana, Illinois

	r> , ,• A 111. Ind. Ind. Parent lines £ Ry wpg 3g n <^>	Kans. K4	Mean
111. R59	Acre-yield, bushels 108 0 94.0 104.8	103.7	102.6
Iowa L317.	104.4 85.9 90.5	87.5	92.1
111. R59	Moisture in grain at harvest, percent 25 7 23 3 23.1	27 1	24.8
Iowa L317.	24.2 20.6 20.6	27.5	23.3
111. R59.. ..	Shelling percentage 83.4 83.5 84.7	83.1	83.7
Iowa L317.	82.3 81.9 82.0	79.7	81.4
111. R59	Erect plants at harvest, percent 71 69 78	40	64
Iowa L317.	. . 69 68 63	38	59
111. R59.	Root -lodged plants at harvest, percent .... 11 11 4	31	14
Iowa L317	... 12 21 11	31	19
111. R59	Stalk-lodged plants at harvest, percent 19 21 19	30	22
Iowa L317	19 12 27	32	22
111. R59	Number of ears per hundred pounds 133 140 150	156	145
Iowa L317.	. 136 154 149	172	153

1947} Two NEW INBRED LINES OF CORN 395

Table 3. — PERFORMANCE OF INBREDS R59, R61, AND L317 IN SINGLE CROSSES: Wyoming, Illinois, 1945

(Means of eight replications)

Parent lines [) J}y -0	CI. 187-2	Ind. 111. Ind. WF9 RR98 38-11	Mean
Iowa I_3 1 7 ...	Acre-; 69	/ield, bushels 67 72 65 70 63 iin at harvest, 21.9 23.6 21. 24.1 23. ints at harvest, 89 79 86 91 92 > corn borer inj 26 35 24 46 28	62 58 65 percent 22.5 8 25.7 6 29.4 percent 76 96 93 ury, percent 40 33 33	63 62 65 21.2 20.9 27.4 63 80 76 24 41 39	66.6 65.6 64.2 22.2 23.7 25.9 67 86 87 29 33 36
111. R59	73
111. R61	64
111. R61	Moisture in grj 23.1
Iowa L317. . .	26.3
111. R59	24.9
111. R61..	Root-lodged pis 41
111. R59	89
Iowa L317. . .	85
111. R61. . . .	Stalk lodging due t< 26
Iowa L317. . .	30
111. R59	32

In its ability to transmit desirable characteristics, R61 appears to be equal to or superior to such standard inbreds as Iowa L317, Illinois Hy, Indiana WF9, Ohio O7, Indiana 38-11, CI. 187-2, and Illinois 5120B (Tables 3 and 4).

The performance at Urbana and Bluffs of ten new Illinois hybrids containing inbred R61 is shown in Table 6. Hybrids of R59 and R61 in Tables 5 and 6 were grown in the same tests and can be directly compared. Performance at Aurora of six Illinois hybrids containing inbred R61 is given in Table 7.

L317 and R61 appear to be somewhat related and for best per- formance should not be used on opposite sides of a double cross.

3%

BULLETIN No. 523

[May,

Table 4. — PERFORMANCE OF 4 INBRED LINES IN SINGLE CROSSES:

Urbana, Illinois, 1946

(Means of three replications)

Parent lines [^

Ohio O7

CI. 111. Kans. Ind. Ind. ,- 111.

187-2 5120B K4 WF9 38-11 Mean Hy-2

111. Iowa M14 KrOsf

Acre-yield, bushels

111. R59 ............. 124.9 115.4 121.9 118.2 112.2 117.2 118.3 121.3 106.4 99.6

111. R61: ............ 118.1 125.7 120.8 120.6 111.9 105.3 117.1 120.2 103.9 ....

111. Hy-2 ............ 119.6 121.9 113.0 115.7 112.5 117.0 116.6 .......... 87.0

IowaL317 .......... 122.1 117.7 122.5 100.6 113.8 104.3 113.5 118.8 104.1 113.0

Mean ............ 121.3 120.2 119.6 113.8 112.6 111.0 116.4 120.1 104.8

A difference of less than 8.3 bushels between yields of any two of the above entries is not significant.

Days from planting until half-silk

111. R59 66

111. R61 68

111. Hy-2 67

IowaL317 69

Mean . . .68

67 68 68 69 68

67 68 67 68 68

71	67	69	68	68	64
72	66	67	68	67	65
70	65	68	68
74	68	69	70	68	65
72	67	68	68	68	65

Moisture in grain at harvest, percent

Shelling percentage

111. Hy-2 99

111. R61 96

111. R59 94

Iowa L317 91

Mean . . .95

Erect plants at harvest, percent 96 90 100 99 98 97

89 74 84 97 79 87

90 71 59 92 92 83

98

58 83

91

82

53

74

97

74 86

Root-lodged plants at harvest, percent

111. Hy-2 1 3 0 0 0 0 1

111. R61.. 400

111. R59 002

IowaL317 502

Mean . . 311

10 15 16 10

0 2

0 3

0 4

0 2

95 85 94 91

95 99 98 97

Stalk-lodged plants at harvest, percent

99.9

67

72 69 69

111. R61	24	4	23.5	26.8	28.2	24.9	24.9	25.5	27.4	26.4
Iowa L317	24	1	24.3	29.0	31.5	22.8	22.3	25.7	27.0	30.5	27.9
Ill Hy-2	23	0	26.4	29.3	27.9	27.1	24.9	26.4			28.1
Ill R59 ...	25	8	25.5	30.2	30.9	26.4	26.1	27.5	29.1	29.3	30.6
Mean . .	. 24	3	24.9	28.8	29.6	25.3	24.6	26.3	27.8	28.7	28.9

111 R59	. . . 87 7	86 8	81.8	8S	S	85.2	86.7	85.6	84.5	86.4	84.1
111. R61	85 . 8	86.0	82.1	83	?	86.4	83.8	84.6	85.0	85.6
Ill Hy-2	86 5	83 6	80 4	8^	8	84.1	84.2	83.8			82.7
Iowa L317	85 . 7	85.7	81.7	8?	1	84.1	83.0	83.7	84.0	85.6	84.0
Mean . .	. 86.4	85.5	81.5	83.	7	85.0	84.4	84.4	84.5	85.7	83.6

72

67

47 62

0

12 4

111. Hy-2	0	1	10	0	1	2	2			28
111. R61	0	11	26	6	3	21	11	5	5
Ill R59	6	10	27	26	8	8	14	9	1	33
Iowa L317	4	42	7	31	2	26	19	6	2	41
Mean	3	16	18	16	4	14	12	7	3	34

1947}

Two NEW INBRED LINES OF CORN

397

Table 4. — Performance of 4 Inbreds — Concluded

(Means of three replications)

Parent lines Q	Ohio CI. 111. O7 187-2 5120B	Kans. K4	Ind. WF9	Ind. 38-11	Mean	111. Hy-2	111. M14	Iowa KrOsf
			Plant	height	, feet
111. R61..	.. 9.	2 8.	7 9.7	9.3	8.5	9.0	9	1	9.0	8.7
111. R59	.. 9.	3 9.	2 9.7	9.5	9.2	9.2	9	4	9.5	8.2	8.7
111. Hy-2	.. 9.	5 9.	8 10.0	10.0	8.8	9.5	9	6			8.7
Iowa L317	.. 9.	8 9.	7 9.8	10.0	9.7	10.2	9	9	9.5	8.8	9.7
Mean	.. 9.	5 9.	4 9.8	9.7	9.1	9.5	9.	5	9.3	8.6	9.0
Ear height, inches
111. R61	.. 40	44	49	51	35	43	44		46	36
111. R59	.. 43	44	47	46	43	43	44		47	34	43
111. Hy-2	.. 46	49	50	50	39	49	47				45
Iowa L317	. . 41	51	48	55	41	53	48		si	38	50
Mean	. . 43	47	49	51	40	47	46		48	36	46
Number of ears per hundred pounds
111. R61	..126	121	121	120	134	151	129		126	134
111. Hy-2	..136	128	121	125	132	135	130				161
111. R59	..134	132	111	143	135	136	132		122	iio	138
Iowa L317	..134	133	110	142	144	137	133		125	140	136
Mean	..133	129	116	133	136	140	131		124	138	145
Suckers per hundred plants
Iowa L317	2	3	3	3	3	3	3		6	2	7
111. Hy-2	.. 8	4	2	2	1	2	3				8
111. R59	.. 4	0	13	2	5	2	4		4	5	3
111. R61	.. 5	1	11	3	1	29	8		7	12
Mean	.. 5	2	7	3	3	7	5		6	6	6
Dropped ears,	percent
111. Hy-2	.. 0	0	0	0	0	0		0			0
111. R59	.. 0	0	2	0	0	0		3	6	6	0
111. R61	.. 0	0	0	1	0	2		5	0	1
Iowa L317	.. 0	0	2	0	0	13	2	5	0	0	1
Mean	0	0	1.0	.3	0	3.8		8	0	.3	.3

398

BULLETIN No. 523

[May,

Table 5. — PERFORMANCE OF DOUBLE-CROSS HYBRIDS,

14 CONTAINING AND 7 NOT CONTAINING INBRED

R59: Urbana and Bluffs, Illinois, 1946

(Means of six replications; starred entries do not contain R59)

Rank in Hybrid and pedigree yield	Acre- yield of shelled corn	Days to half- silk	Mois- ture at har- vest	Erect plants	Height
Plant	Ear
1	111. 246-3	bu.	perct.	perct.	ft.	in.
	(WF9XHy)(R59X 187-2)....	120	.5	67	22	.2	83	10	.2	52
2*	111. 1342 (U.S.13)
	(WF9X38-11) (HyXL317) . . .	119	.0	68	20	.4	84	10	.5	52
3*	111. 247
	(187-2X38-11) (HyXL317)...	118	.5	69	22	.8	76	10	.7	52
4	111. 1233-1
	(WF9X38-11) (940XR59). . . .	118	.4	69	23	.4	88	9	.9	50
5*	111. 246
	(WF9XHy) (187-2 XL317) . . .	117	.4	70	21	.5	72	10	.5	50
6	111. 1300
	(WF9X38-11) (R2XR59)	116	.8	68	21	.6	75	10	.1	50
6*	111. 200
	(WF9X38-11) (K4XL317) . . .	116	.8	70	21	.6	82	10	.2	50
8	111. 1305
	(K4XH7) (R59X940)	115	.5	70	24	.0	88	10	0	47
9	111. 201-3
	(WF9X38-11) (R59 X 187-2). .	114	.0	67	22	.7	76	9	8	48
10	111. 1329
	(O7XR61) (187-2 XR59)	112	,7	67	21	.6	78	9	4	46
11*	111. 21
	(WF9X38 11) (187-2XHy). . .	111	.2	68	20	.6	88	10	,2	50
12*	111. 201
	(WF9X38-11) (187-2XL317)	111	,1	68	23	.0	75	10	,2	49
13	111. 1348
	(38-11X940) (R59XK148) . . .	110	.8	69	25	.6	72	9	8	48
14	111. 1312
	(K4XR59) (38-11 XK155). . . .	107	8	72	24	,4	82	10	3	53
15*	111. 206
	(WF9X38-11) (5120XL317)	107	.4	68	21	.8	79	10	4	50
16	111. 206-1
	(WF9X38-11) (R59X5120). . .	106	6	67	23	.6	92	9	6	45
17	111. 1335
	(WF9X38-11) (R59XK148). .	106	.2	68	24	,2	84	10	0	46
18	111. 1314
	(K4XR59) (K201CXKys) . . .	104	6	75	25	4	56	10	5	57
19	111. 200-1
	(WF9X38-11) (K4XR59). . . .	98	4	70	23	6	73	10	4	53
20	111. 1343
	(WF9XK155) (R59XHy). . . .	96	7	67	23	,4	75	9.	9	48
21	111. 1330
	(O7X187-2) (R59XHy)	91	8	63	21	1	72	8,	6	36
	Mean	110.	6	69	22,	8	79	10.	1	49

A difference of less than 10.3 bushels between yields of any two of the above entries is not significant.

1947}

Two NEW INBRED LINES OF CORN

399

Table 6. — PERFORMANCE OF DOUBLE-CROSS HYBRIDS, 10 CONTAINING AND 7 NOT CONTAINING INBRED

R61: Urbana and Bluffs, Illinois, 1946 (Means of six replications; starred entries do not contain R61)

Rank in Hybrid and pedigree yield	Acre- yield of shelled corn	Days to half- silk	Mois- ture at har- vest	Erect plants	Height
Plant	Ear
1	111. 1336	bu.	perct.	perct.	ft-	in.
	(WF9X38-11) (R61X5120B)	120	.2	68	21	2	78	9.	9	48
2	111. 1246
	(WF9X38-11) (R61X 187-2)..	120	.1	67	21	4	84	9.	9	48
3*	111. 1342 (U.S.13)
	(WF9X38-11) (HyXL3l7) . . .	119	0	68	20.4	84	10	5	52
4*	111. 247
	(187-2X38-11) (HyXL317)...	118	.5	69	22.	8	76	10.	7	52
5	111. 1247
	(WF9X38-11) (R61 XL317).. .	118	.4	68	21	4	76	10.	2	50
6*	111. 246
	(WF9XHy) (187-2XL317) . . .	117	4	70	21	5	72	10.	5	50
7*	111. 200
	(WF9X38-11) (K4XL317) . . .	116	.8	70	21	6	82	10	2	50
8	111. 1248
	(WF9X38-11)(O7XR61). ...	115	.6	68	21	.3	90	9	4	48
9	111. 1337
	(WF9X38-11) (Hy-2XR61) . .	114	9	67	22	,4	84	9	9	50
10	111. 1345
	(WF9XHy)(R61XL317). ...	113	.0	68	24	4	72	10	2	50
11	111. 1329
	(O7XR61) (187-2 XR59)	112	.7	67	21	6	78	9	4	46
12*	111. 21
	(WF9X38-11) (187-2XHy). . .	111	.2	68	20	.6	88	10	,2	50
13*	111. 201
	(WF9X38-11) (187-2XL317)	111	.1	68	23	.0	75	10	.2	49
14	111. 1301
	(WF9X38-11)(R2XR61)....	108	.6	67	20	.2	93	10	0	48
15*	111. 206
	(WF9X38-11) (5120XL317). .	107.4	68	21	.8	79	10	.4	50
16	111. 1353
	(O7XR61) (WF9XHy)	104	.8	66	22	.9	87	9	.8	44
17	111. 1351
	(WF9XR61) (38-11 XL317)...	104	.0	70	20	.5	80	10	,2	53
	Mean	113	.7	68	21	.7	81	10	.1	49

A difference of less than 10.3 bushels between yields of any two of the above entries is not significant.

400

BULLETIN No. 523

[May,

Table 7. — PERFORMANCE OF DOUBLE-CROSS HYBRIDS,

6 CONTAINING AND 6 NOT CONTAINING INBRED

R61: Aurora, Illinois, 1946

(Means of four replications; starred entries do not contain R61)

Rank in Hybrid yield	Pedigree	Acre- yield of shelled corn	Mois- ture at har- vest	Erect plants
1 111. 1263...	. . (WF9 X R61 ) (R2 X Hy)	bu. 83.8	perct. 21.2	perct. 87
2 111. 1261	(WF9XM14) (R2XR61)	80.9	19.3	88
3 111. 1267	(O7XR61) (187-2XHy)	80.2	21.3	97
4* 111. 307	(WF9XM14) (CC5XCC7)	80 0	19 8	83
5 111. 1253	(WF9XR2) (Hy-2XR61)	78 4	20 9	86
5 111. 1285	... (WF9XY82) (M14XR61)	78 4	21 5	87
7* 111. 751..	. .(WF9XHy) (AX 90)	75.9	22.1	82
8* 111. 972A-1	(WF9XO7) (HyXL317)	75.6	22.4	97
9* 111. 101	(WF9 XM 14) (CC7X 187-2)	75.2	20.7	88
10 111. 1237	(WF9XHy) (R61X 187-2)	73.7	22.3	94
11* 111. 1180	(WF9XM14) (CC10XCC24)	73 3	20.1	83
12* U.S. 44-1	(4-8X187-2) (HyXO7)	67 7	21 7	94
Mean		76.9	21.1	89

A difference of less than 7.2 bushels between yields of any two of the above entries is not significant.

DISTRIBUTION OF INBRED LINES

Each year the Illinois Station has available for dis- tribution hand-pollinated seed of a number of inbred lines of corn. These are lines that are being used to develop promising experimental hybrids and lines that have been used in hybrids widely grown by Illi- nois farmers.

A list of available lines and details regarding them can be obtained from the Department of Agronomy, Illinois Agricultural Experiment Station, Urbana, Illinois. Inbred lines R59 and R61 are in- cluded in the 1947 list.

UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS- URBANA

30112018395753

5M— 5-47— 35 186

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UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS-URBANA

30112079952781

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