Baik th » r

a

i

a

Py a yh yy a * ;

Honey Boer ciek

Skew + ‘seo

jrements for the degree.

The Use of the High School Plant: a Study

of the Bast Bay High Schools

By

Homer Henry Cornick ys

A.B. 1920 THESIS

Submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of

MASTER OF ARTS in

Education in the GRADUATE DIVISION of the maa QA Vi SL od, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA

Approved _F- W: Haery Instructor in Charge

4

EDUCATION DEPT.

; |

3

i

| #

ae ’

3 the school Gnrollment in the Mast Bay eities has resulted in = more % or less serious overcrowdins: in the high schools of these cities.

7 However, this fact hes largely boon taken for granted; since no

a - definite informtion as te the degree of overcrowding has been available. Wo objective standards have been applied to measurement ; ofthe" javodinaus Of use of available facilities mde by the high schools. Moreover, no attempt hes been made to discover whether

_ thefo may not "be causes for sush overcrowdin;; as my exist, other than simply that of the inereare in enrollment.

Chipeta. lark

Pukaans of se Studs

ime the cele, kil gelets chend:

‘Sis Btuly wi -_ made for tho purpose of determining specifi.

ga. erie? a ita

cally os gerventage of actual use of the various groups of ruons that

a high eehool plant, na to determine, it possible, some

mt S of te onanes, ot opher than ne inercase in school savektonnts contri- Bac bufing to gush ovorarowled Gund itious as may be found to exist. The schools, ghoven wore bar follows _Aiamote Hien Sehool, Berkeley High i Senool, ‘Frmont High Behool, Oakdend nach Sehool, Pieduot litgh School,

ana Technical Bich School Pink University =. School of Oaklands

fae =

ee. - any TAO EY pir,

625248

eae Speeds bye he

” gh onanrpoad Reon ett lend povteesbas <slaresa,td ene a Sum 2 ai rtinews wat catete ae 4 ones ane wt tonat Sons lotdioe —" ve tendo fous os : Ab satameaorvo ewattnn

AEE Biz oS it wf sansa aan TO a

ihe ee

Sei orcas (fh gh Bhar cess vee dep om *

7830 yon (et Oe Ge ierretesi - oom wet wasn 4

Dates ee

. in n 2008 ils th {und

embe .6i4i one

re | sMthiesaden ey

"

: ie Hades aod in tenuis she Lemeentoe of ao

Am order to determine the yeroontage of use of the available 4 faeilitios of these high schools, tabulations were made showing 1 pe Se re oe en ee ey Ee ie oe ;

cotanligheds {ly Ui nero eons or evaded omndston

i & ten * .

“Am the roomy and [¢), the maior of students coowying the

ie: Se ee enh ed tae dale Ginoe the great majority of high wehool subjects are scheduled for tie game yerivds each cay of the this studye ln the fow enges where the subject we not given every Am.crier to detersino the average muber of students using tho

-———- MatiNRe wore, Salmon by eabual oount oF fron of tive Fegorde, au the

2 —— fur oagh period mas token from the of tice reconia

7 Lessin 00 Gen sheteton. PALANAN no. tn, tntecoen ton reson ded in the various Prineipals® offices, and may bo Gousivered accurate

enn ea ee nea

a aptonty St emer tomy Ae the programs of the stadents

$1; changis it is of course impossible to cetermne Sais oheubEliah Gb sch toy Si tes Gees Nowever the dota

oy ¢ ee

wadAL Lave nate Re ends ve nr, a ae ne ee einieaaedet sakonann Halll ¢

Pe a ee si oA) aGinely owaxis 2 2 soow 8 vous

wie de eset ..énecetbepile Lambe sate to, sical wt ate eee get ae | wd sera A onig 2k as ees 1% ‘pp RQ ~ Ye n Penal

ii gen seen nitty eb; ede: ; te sabia |

te @etgeg wit sea mnedakiten. a8 aol ay oo wo ree sae be fey oe etiaeetehonnis our, ad wa aaa “a oe es sei! tay pe bowie —_— tate nt fool ani

eo des namebsid do. wudemas wnoeree ve se ieee ne Seo Fee ss at et worn Soa

Bor Saki ks ot nd et, se

.

ESSE link Sed taal wid 2 whaator a .

Sieyecas botenks 7 td ue oa a

Steaste old be see, ‘okt 84

iE eet | os oistomaat: *

afas &

a a ee eee ee nes a re

from the Various sxhools wes compiled after the Spring Term ws ~ well under way and my be considered as representing on average dey throughout the teres

“Jasis ‘ot Gommtine Jaxious esmucen In computing the yoreontage of use of any singlo roo, in order that eagh school might be fairly Judged, the basis taken for each school ws the munber of periods per Gay in eneh echool,

\ As an illustration of the method of calculating the percentage of use.of the various xocus, let us consider the esse of room 21,

‘Alameda High School. ‘The original tabulation sheet show this

room to have an ares of 737 square feet, sufficient to accomodate 49 students at 15 square fect per student.* It actually provides seats for 48. Out of @ possible use of nine periods the room is wed for

eight periods. Bighteninthe equals .68 or 68 per cent use in terme

teh, fist

caer Foom being oecupied regerdless of the size of the class

Le the me tathtation further shows that, with the possibility

Strayer, G. D., and Englehardt, Ne te, Bulletin of Standerde Seen eset eee jurean of Publications, Teachers College, University, Ne Xe Ce

Pe tenes...

aS roar

“teats bes. ak zagty <2 soma tom entat of nr et OO a RS seake ove

atone

of seating 48 pupils each period for mine periods, or a total of 432, room 21 actunll, seats 283 per day. Then 235/432 .54 or 54 per cont of use in terms of seats sotually provided. Applying the sane primeiple, asing the maximum capacity of the room ascorm ding to standard, or 49 instead of 48, we got 2353/9 x 49 .53 or 635 per cent of use in terms of maximm possible use. ‘These

‘data are presented in condensed form in Table I-A for the Alameda

igh School, and show Room 21 to have an agtusl capacity of 46, @ possible capseity of 49, a percent of use of available area of 65, & percent of use of seats provided of 54, and @ percent of use

im terms of periods occupied of 68, 3 a. Bal

Dassifiention of Room Im presenting the date in tabular form, the rooms were grouyed as nearly 28 possible upon the basis of the functions served.

Recitation rooms were considered as a croup; while all other rooms

were Gonsidered as @ second group end Listed under the headings @eroriptive of their we, as Inboratories, shops, etes; or as individual rooms Wien they eould not be included within one of

- these groupe. In many cases the particular use te wnich the room

is devoted ts attaahed to the musber of the room.

ant iggh babi rang Alerts staun Yo werrad at os species enes att 36 wttoages memtnam colt gate a

aed Te ee z

ae. oo x Cem tan oe 480 30 hata wo 5

sbaaet 269 “oR tad ORM st sh Sonwebew a 88 ko Bema into as moms 1 mel wl to swta sidollevs heikamine tok . ous 30 tawome: & dian a8 So eee ies

boqiery cum met wd stark ald a tab te 9 (haves a0? dese wer Ye chee mit ge enoot waite Lik olka sqirny am

NN ne er

-— Axmanaweut of Zables Phe facts concerning the percentage of we of the available schools hese tables are as follows ; Ae Gable 1, presonting date on Clsssroom Groupe _

_ oe: | Be oifable 21, giving o Frequency Distribution for Table I.

_ ®- Sable Ill, presenting data for special Rooms, or rooms ' other then classroom. te siti Ulan: denarinies, Matabiabiendtin tit, 12k

‘In erase to simplify ‘the m thod of presentation, the tables for

age «6s:

each school tear a letter simnifying the nano of the school for chien the table ia Goustrusted. ae eee Se TS Pomate

"Whe data on the classroom group of the Alameda High School. able”

he a

Tish gives the frequenay distribution for table nA, Table ili oS we:

presents the dats for the special rom of the Aameis igh ‘ehool,

* POU,

while @nble IV-A gives. the frequency distribution for Table IIIA. ‘he various schools are designated by letter av. follovss “GY a — Aameda Bign School "hs = Berkeley iiigh School (s) 2- ~ Fremont High School (4) 0 = Oakland High senool

(5) 2 = Piedmont High Schwol

Few

Tat Amir

wot welded act? anda ataewe, on

wit Subee ats No tale oar ke

pose ee LE

eee

2 S58 Te -< ~ >

i ad

itll ate ae elie

ole: (6) % = Zechnical High sehool

(7) U = University High sehool ie é wv . . Varhe ¢ s

— « Alemede High ieheo)

Sable Ini shows 16 classrooms with seating capacities and percentage of use over a nine period day, (computed on available . area), seats occupied, and room oecupied. or example, Room 2h ts working up to BB.ger cont of Ate capacity in terms of available aren, 54 per cent in temas of seats occupied throughout the day, ond 86 por cent in teres of the room being occupied. Similar fnets ; are show for each of the other rooms. At tie bottom of te table

| Englehardt standard), end the total number of scats provided,

as well as tho average percentage of use of the group of classrooms.

52 yor cent of its possible classroom ares, 61 per cent of the seats

provided, ond %.8 yer cont,prectioally 76 per cent, in terus of ‘able LisA shows the mmber of rooms falling within onsh

pereontage interval of 10 fran 0 to 100 for each basis of ealoun

mo Yooms are working under 10 per centz in terms of seats occupied,

7 Feb

oldet twee te tanametibh walt wile al TA mticd ohyoes wh wince suc suo sbalqvene Sldatiava te wtees mt yttoun vt te dite ang aF Dace orn amt tence am a a tome ‘athaes sdekescas jake abet uty ‘tm erred n oldad od %o meazod wir BA eesti 6 sn “EOYRAT oc? my hen) ,DidRweny home Te toda Sated ont § seins rom aSsen8 Wo Ne FOIE kt eg peers x tee aroraeaia v8 ues 4 0 a 0 canen PIO 8 weaw Joodes ai) mimemet ate det eateethak ¥ stove a: Yo foe nay 18 sens camera Le alsktoong £88 te 7

ye Sema steers sen Sut pen HJ

Puneet we waans Gna wad Ro a a

ae

ratgy 200 vieoe 32 ames ah sang tag OR . .

= Ss ale cae Se i : 4 =

?

oe

. 2 plist 0

= a,

SEO pie,

ot a -

La <2

si siiaaon cs

ate

none under 20 per Gertz in terms of room oovupied, noen axe working uiier 5O per cent, and only one wider 70 per cont. The significant #a6t in this table ic that the mjority or rooms are working over 50 per cent in use of available area, in use of seata,and over 80 per cent in we of periods occupied. — |

In terme of seats ogcupicd the mjority of cases range around 50 per cont, waile in texus of room oseupied (Colum 3) the major- ity of eases fall between 60 and 100 per conte Gite es pe tage of we of special roows, as shown by the Frequency DMstri- bution of Table ILIA, is not es high as that of the classrooms

' gs shomm by the Frequency Vistrivution of Sable LI-A, nevertheless it is worthy of note that the average percentage of use is above

5O por cent. It is well to keep in mind the fact that 100 por cent use means using every seat or student accomodation for each priod of the day, a situation hardly possible in view of the faet that the student selects his course arbitrarily ond is not assigned to subjects in order to keep each seat oscupied all the tinge

@able ill-A gives the same kind of duta concerning labora. tories, shops, commercial rooms, drawing rooms, and miece] laneous special room that Table I gives for classrooms; except that in Colum i capacity is given in square feet and not reduced to stu-

- dent sccomodation. This is due to the fact that no standards are

ae =

here Revorsineh oes

—pertog edt bie tame sy 605 tina‘ oDSRR. yoomepewt ens yd smoke a yor TebeyS Bo semOLEERlS eid Ww A268 On nial um tus at yA IT olded ee

Beolantreen 26. of6tl he mmkanstebabs yamepont wid wm ovo ab a Wo seeancany syste iy Sen nea

ot Dengaee con at bam efleMeDien same aide Ondd acid She Dedyeves sere ou oa ot tab

<i Me sens pewonete a sy aa it ey on 0

. FAS oo ty 4} Sat, 4 ea

Sy ‘i |

i * » oe ae = = gS r : — lee en lt on IS gp mesa ncatiinns te, & . ne ara = 2 ae << > =e . 4 * | 5 ‘ a i a ~—— i abe mei (2 “ cs am ’

i

beh fo « pe \g

Ald GE

RO GCUPTED

1 2

SAID IGM {CHOOT OF AVAITA Bi

{at o 4 i

i>. Ol SRASS PROV Le } aa (a) AREA, (b) als,” te

SEAT TR CASCIO” OF m0. 2

oH. (2) Gaz OF UST FIGURED

(3)

4.

-10—

TABLE LIA

FREQUENCY DISRLIBUTLO} SHOWING NUMBER

OF GTASSROOMS AT BACH DENVAL FOR ACH OF THE Tika BASES OF COMPUTING PERCENTAGE OF USEs

: . 4 ir

ee Te err

‘ L 7 a e *, ; | , g va iy a + = e : , " La = ’ ‘ Py, : <a

: t 5

ax s

. Fy nd j

Peis ~ Pais \

.

: 7 / “4 Fg

ms ws

| sade seg ssgsad exis E

< a

y- ew

{

saz asd saeud’ SqSeea 8 LTS. be eek ETe eS

dndudadae dodo de dunda dwueucanee

reo i

ee e@undundseeudweeevneneeennw ae

34803 $2@ 2eBes 42 BG

(b) ROOMS OCCUPIED

be fa di aw eds is PAG fin

ma —— — = te ee

STUDENT ACCOMMODATIONS ACTUAL: PROVIDED, (3),

(1) ARGA IN SQUARM FRED, (2) CAPACITY FIGURED O” PERCENTAGE OF USE FIGURED Oli (a) STUDMET PROVISION.

@

. <4

-

<7 -

, a ee es 3S f . ‘4 ae ex ‘ re q ’ ee mati : aealal sed hd . , " . — ua

* eC 2 ae 2 Pa. pelea : j a alld od hae g |

a 8

eo

ar

cf ae

a ak 3 -

. i PRBReEr eae P A vo

nae be

7

42, esq seed astad) arfyae iy z &

oe ee ee ee ee ee ee

satanteanasesuneéia sede oe ae Ae he oe Oe

Py oS 2Astds KVak PREQUENGY DISTRIBUTION SHOWING NIGER

OF SPECTIA™. ROOMS AT BACH LUTMWAL POR BAGH OF

a 7 -

-13- sa BERKELEY HIGH SCHOOL

MD fable I-B indicates the per cent of use of each of 27 alass- roons of the berkeley Iiigh Sehool. Almost all of these rooms are losated in the new building recently completed and should be up te stand=rd in every mye However, the table indiestes thet, in 21 of the 27 rooms tabula ted, there are too muy seats for the floor area of the roams. ‘The range of seate in excess of the stendard allowance is from three to Sl. It would seem that such overcrowding would lessen the efficieney of these rooms, ‘the Surplus seats cause the percentage of use of the available area to execed 100 in several cases. ‘he averages at the bottom of the table indicate thet the new room of the Berkeley High School are being used up to 90% of maximum possible uso, 70% in terms of seats occupied, and 85% in terms of periods the room is oscupied, These fects are emphasized in Table II-B whieh gives the frowuency distribution for fable 1-B. Practically all of the cases fall between 50 and 100 per cente In the percentage of use of available area 7 rooms are shown to be over 100 per cent.

fable III-B shows the persentage of use of 20 specie! rooms,

giving the area in square feet, cayecity figured on actwl student

provisions, ami the percentage of use figured on (a) stadent pro- Visions ;(b) length of tive room is occupied during; the day.

Of anne eldallaws Os Yo oot FO eyedtoneniy, {a ote wo ante SAG Se RE —

Sie eeane off Be Me yl teottenrt sie what edcliaee re son ‘ho agecMomney cols a wc00 1m OOF Rae 02 om

Poe

PAH isis | baa that the drawing rooms sre ne | S. banksy AEH BOH00%

) tanto OF USS PLQVEKD distribution of eases

few ew |

i Be

= ~~ a

pr. ~

: aes

E*4 ie)

ee

7 . . hag | : , ee ee a

7 ‘ 2. cP ate ERE eed” ma ate : : uta ~ “ 4 ; z | aan J gt: a ee ile, i” } e | ‘ | ; | a c; 7

TABLE I-B

ON (a) ARMA, (b)SEATS (c)ROOM OCCUPIED.

SHOWING: (1)CAPACITY OF EACH FIGURED ON AVAITABLE AREA, (2) CAPACITY FIGURED ON SEATS PROVIDED, (3) PERCENTAGE OF USE FIGURED

TWENTY-SEVEN RECITAY ION ROOMS OF THE BERKsLEY HIGH SCHOOL

90% sAve70% av.85%

: AVe

T.969

woIs {&} Ada AIBATL AYA

GauUolrt Ba

Bo = op c-

" ao

JooHDe

&

r

_ = + Ss me fe

a TABLE II-B OF RECITATION ROIS AT RACH RrERVAL

FOR RACH OF TH) THREE Basis oF

PRQUENCY DISTRIBIZION SHOWING MBER

~ COMPUPING PERCIMOWAGE OF Es

_ Available ArearSeats occ. jiooms oece

Khe 2 em bo

oo ee hoe ee OP OF fe OF lee ee ee ee oe 8 ne Ft ee OF et ee ee ee et oP Flog ae

rte 5 ai « ones say aq

“—“« @ - i sedi tat halla EE GEE on ce nha thw ce

(3)

asacagt gretag? ceoge sad

—* oo oF FF oe ee ee ee ee ee ee ee Oe Oe ne ee ee ee Oe Fe ee ee ee oe

it

WENTY SPEOTAT, ROOMS SHOWING: (2)ANEA DY SQUARE FEET (2) CAPACI?Y FIGURED ON stuDmT

ACCOMODATIONS ACTUA™..Y PROVIIED (3) PENCENTAGE

shaangy aaassgz Bana: aqz a4

es ee ees eee eee

eq wee RM a ee

bal itlat ptt

ail ee iat Sa deg

— “lig Iai ee, Ce eS en er ne Wee er ae me ReEENyE eT

3 eget

OF USE FIGURED Oi) (a) STUDEME PROVISIONS

of ism “ Ps tes ~ “ 6 he i . a Ys ” x “4 | j] sesnedd veaged? evadt wde ald

dy a ; lake: 2 = C5 } ‘

Ce ee ee a ee we ee aoe ee

fen tas aoe Ce Oe Og sd saseadg issends suey ody agg

#

a ee i

-16-

TABLE IV-3

FREQUENCY DISTRIBULLON cHOWLiG KUL OF

SPECIAS ROOMS AT EACH INTERVAL POR RACH OF GMM (1 BASES OF COMPUTING PERCEMTAGS OF USE

-13~ : FREMONT HIGH SCHOOL

fable I-F shows the percentage of use of 22 recitation roons of the Fremont High School figured on the number of seats occupied end the muber of periods $he room is wed por days Owing to the aiffioalty of secwing suffieieut dota on the floor area af these rood, the yorcentage of use of avatinble area hes not been ealeo Lateds Of the 905 seats provided im those regitation rooms, the table indicates thet 6? yer cent are used for aypraximtely 76 per gent of the school day. -

able LIA indlsctes the munber of rooms ageurding to the poreontage of use of sents oscupied and room ogeupled. As in the ease of Alameda ant Berkeley, the great mJority of cases fall votwwen 60 and 100 per cont, - ecb 120-0 tnitontog tue: pirvoutege of ues of Bt ayesil Toone grouped agcoruiik; tu. their respcetive see. Tn percentage of use of student accomodations the drawing room group stands highest, while in percentage of use according te time the room is cecupied, the laboratories seore highest, Closely followed by the conmercicl Groupe In the frequeney distribution of Zable IV-F, the mi jority of Gases in colwm 2 fall above 50 per cent, while in colwm 3 the majority of eases fall above 70 per conte

wit

atti oud tat as ese e oF ctouonaeie = Serer: ; Bt

TABLE LaF

PANERBiY EZALLGS Ooms OF Ts PRetorr HIGH SCHOOL SHOWLUGs (1) GAPAGETY OF HaCH PIGURED ON AVALTADTZX

ARGA (2) CAPACITY FIGURED OR SEATS PROVIUED (5) PERCENTAGE OF

USB PIGURED G8 (a) AREA (bd) SEATS (e)ROGKN COCLPLED

(3)

“Ho dats available.

BAB QUBNCY DISTRIBUTION SHOWING NUMBER OF RECITATION ROGHS AT EAGH ISHRVAT, FOR EACH OF SE TIER BASES OF COMPUTING PERCENTAGE OF USE

Hehe

»

alt ere acimadl Seek aed

Pe a

_ Sear J —_ wg ~ - ie ee ee es ee ee

—22~ TABLE Ill-F

{RENTYaFOUR SBECIAT. ROOMS onOWnNGs (2) AREA IN

FLGURED OR SBULENT ACCOMODATIONS

OB

}

PF a PROVE STs

SQUARE FEET (2) CAPAC usE

(S)PERCEMEAGE OF L

(hb) Roos,

ee |

(3)

2

BO a eo aK

Ns teh Lae ee ee sores weno ee

PBL ch Lib hab chebeh abs satickns «ele <s 5

, , : ; + wd ul oe , i * ~ : ; ’ > . . ws ; ; 44 tae F . - { 5 ; 2 ed a “ee 4 ae | “" * : ; ' : “ . - af * . m ; a - - = « a “i ' . . A ‘ Ss

owe neneen wo “ses © oo @ oF of & © 6 GF OF ee oe lee eel OF OO Fl tle Oe

gregral gare srgerens sald st

bd z

oo 6% OF FH Oe Ob Oe ae be fe oe ce OF OF OF aH Oe as OF Oe ay

‘Beale event shea ssoaet oni

Pele: oa ee.

apakagy ep | aheeesdg asnangy aq

é

ieebs Rik cecésebebscukas«bacpaneee

(ed be iesati, it He

S255 R8SSSRR 42932...

= © “ss © oe oo “ee Oo me

ae ae

cath Anatase Senge Sala

2 x Aes te fa de ae! Sa eek dak etait, Pa

tenga secd. agaseedd cous de oda

4 ' ON ee a 4 7 7 . “7 5 *

suet sdets: eau gundg ads P

«

°

desdeds Sucdy acBerecde serede ae

: RP aren a eee eer CEPT eR eg

Sentaenwewees es wen here e ewe eer Ow He eee ee ee

~2le 7 TABLE IWaP FREQUENCY DISTRISUTION sUOWLNG HUMBER OF SPECIAT. ROOMS AT EACH IWPEAVAL FOR EACH

O# 22 DVO BASES OF COMPUTING PERCENTAGE OF USE

2

~~ wo oe 1

ro

3 Oakland High wahoo) . Table 1.0 indicates the percentage of use of 25 recitation rooms of the Oakland High School. One of the striking facts brought out by Colums 1 and 2 of this table is the difference betwoon the number of seats that should be in the room according to standard and the number of seats that sctuslly are there. The totals of these colump indigate thet the roams should acocmodate 1445 seats, but actually only contain 991, « loss of 462, or ayyroximately 50 per cent. Hither the rooms are too large for recitation rooms, or the elaases are too sumll, A glance at the colum containing the number of seats eetually in the room wuld seem to indicate available ares is but 40 per cent, the average use of seats pro- Vided, 56.5 yer cent, and the average use of the rooms in terms of time, 76.6 per cent. The fact that the rooms are used 76.6 per Gent of the time and yet only 40 yer cont of the available area is used, supporte the conélusion that the rooms are too large for the Glasses using them. ‘he frequency distribution shown by Table [1-0 further supports this eonelusion, for the mjority of eases of Colum 2 foll under 50 per cent, while in Colum <¢ the mjority of the eases fo11 over 70 per cent.

mins oe ot tn tt

st mnt st tl at 3

sercet sntectien inne Sins ary soa = qutatetnes amloo eaten ne aemnigs i te exp. aaa woe tore one .

5 ch tee

ai wee oldafiave edt oisebiiauae waren re hm 2

i ot I i ee cer ee I a eee ei ane oe Se

~25=

fable I[il-0 shows the percentage of use of 19 special room grouped under headings designating their use. It will be noted that the comercial group stands highest with an average of 70.8 son cll Gl aid bh eGilal pitteAdtenajenk eek Gmninen of 06 yor cont Of we of tines fhe music group stands lowest in per cent of use of student provisions, but fairly high in per cant of time room are cocuplede @his would indicate that the clesses are small, or ‘tant the rom are larger than nosessary for prestieal purposes.

Gable I¥=0, giving the frequency distribution for these special row ,shows the majority of cases for Colum 2 to be be- “tween 60 and 60 per cent, while the majority of cases for Colum 3 range elose to 80 por cout. It would seem that these special ome are suffering fron the sm trouble as the restta:ton room, maneiy, oversize,

&

CAPACITY OF BACH FIGURED ON THE AVAITAB™S SMATS PROVIDED (3) PER

~26— TARE 1-0 QWENTYnPHREE RECEPAION ROGMS OF THE OAKLAND HIGH SCHOOL AREA Ca} ORMOAEY KGaA ob

SHOWING: |

(bd) SzazsS (ce) Room oocuPIED

CEETAGE OF USE FIGURED ON. (a) anu.

}

(3

mS Wh skyou wupeemnnee. : JOORBO AGEN CATR AO x

LAT EEva GY Be eee BOA. So YEE aap rr CRO WeiOgiad’ (Ss)

as (2) GEL eve a 1g ra id} . ie te) et CRRA Re We 2 gal Btee! 9] — ial

. . cae re Ss ated ita

“7 = “~ r =) a tine oe ‘ 4 is ‘ : oo ie a 4 — 4 ? = . Yi “e, » > a ae te “ : ~~

SPER

mo ‘

of

ie

-

ar pr A hones =. a o x.

as. « aE Sa es Sew See

=

oo

Nad

eT => - a se

2, oe. a

auie2:

(3)

-27= TABLE ILI~0 NINETEEN SPECIAL RUGMS SHOWING: (ob) ROG@G: OCCUPIED

(1) ARPA In SQUARE Fee? (2) CAPACITY FIGURED ON

SZULEW? ACCOMODATIGHS ACTUALY PROVILED (3) PER- CENTAGE OF USE FIGURED ON (a) SaUUEAZ PROVISIONS

he aaeray sseaq? esd anf ed:

sbobnt sseag bu 85 ae i oad g g &

OS208NR aTaeag samg 8393 §4 aio} th r :

a oe ee ee ee et OF ee ne oe te ee et oe oe OF OF Oe ok em om me me me one

a

“AMEE MERE aa aa

A Hs OP. Sh as Bein Bie Bes > Pes Fo

Vuk: : i ih iis wid.

RRAIS3 iva: Fee $33

MERGES Sisets SER 83S Se

ee

OY, ke aes out 4 ae pe 5 es : ’ ” ae - ans ‘ i 7 ms ~ 4 7 b os ss ae ee, ee ee ee ee ee ee ee

wawad? cadd add ddd

ey BSCE Pee Tee oe

i :

i

CS

Ce ee ee ee ee See eR OP ee eH ee we

at

= e & y

: ' g : B2irdds FaaSdg bady arty eas

~— mw ee ey eo em ge nt ee ee mee OE Oe owe

4

te

om 7 i

. Ne % -

Qs

j

ome OE ow

sd dion od i 3

= s re ; Eo

> aes als i ay agg se alee he

29. Zioduont Bich Seheol 4 Se 52 eee Yee SeanNTEe SE abe ee 20 Sinpereems of the Sicdiely ian” obit. The percentage of use of available area, 61.5 per cent, is nearly the same as that of the use of seats __ provided, 51.7 por ent. The foot that neither of these range much above BG yer cent is yartly explained by the gact that the building, is housed in various nondescript maleshifts reminiscent of the former Casino. ‘Three of the room listed, mmely A, B, 6, Suen. gremailn, Hea awe Wibdiing shat sh abvetiy Sienet, ob. tiinie Rab TLA, giving the troquaney ‘Gistribution for the classroons, indicates that approximtely. one-half of the cases occur at 60 per Sent ‘ins Bless 3 ent Gilkey sake the dajucth set. otees- teiteium % fall above 70 per cante , |). Mable T1L-2 gives the percentage of use for the four special Pooms listed, In regard to student provision, the science lebora- tory is working up to 111 per cent of its cayacity and is occupied

Sein | Cee a ge Oa ee Oe en a

wera olleltame Yo omc to. cyekanenng od " doorton i @ ates Yo ous wit 29 badd 20 comm old yieeen gt yinoe wg

epee sande Ye cerigten gould suet wt soncinnitiies Bil cians : acs bait ak ld Menage virone a Sen i 08, ov a at 0 dion or SN Se om -

2 ft .* Weaes ,boratl onten oft. cane: ace ait . Abii te sem nt erste win sat, Aint wae tah

oe

oe TABLE IP

MIRTH CLASSROOMS OF THE PLEUMORT HIGI SCHOOL, SHOWING: (1) GAPACIZY OF ZACH FIGURED ON AVAILABLE AREA (2) GAPAGI2Y FIGURED GK SEATS PROVIDED (3) PERCIGMAGE OF USE.

(») skavs {e) ROOM oCCUPIED

FIGURED ON (a) AREA

“ded- dees

AGA BG ATLATA Bi 5 aos ta =

'

ae

2

oo

z

_——

t

Sa. Cale

4 t 3 se

a en seme :

‘ 2 t .

—— me x a = SB...

t : : ¢ 2

er) ke

2 2 : i 4

| —— a a a Ce

? t ‘ 3 :

t eet

3 3 ? 3

‘ * a .

: . ee ae | :

2 ? 2 : 2 B, t

le TABLE Ile?

FREQUENCY DISURIbUTION SHOWING MADR

OF CTASSROOMS AY BACH INPERVAT, POR RACH OF THE

THREE BASES OF COMPUTLIG THE PERCENTAGE OF USE

"= — . ee eg perro! ie eel ee rant ser

Ean mae

a - 1 “ 5 t A ‘ -— 7 2 % ~

: i,

ake TABLE ILL?

: FOUR SPHOIAS ROOMS SHOWLNGs

(1) ARMA IN SQUARE FEEr (2) GAPACT?Y FLGURED OM SPUVEMT ACGOMOUATIONS ACTUALLY PROVIDED (3) PHROKIMGE OF USE Freuep On (a) sTUDEMY PRoVIsioNs (b) Rooms OccuPrED

a | Selon’ Seshoies) igh school

fable I-T shows the percentage of we of 29 recitation rooms of the Osklend Technical High School. Owing to the fast that the data on floor areas could not be obtained, it was necessary to omit the capacity as figured on Us¥ ana the percentage of use of rooms, a average of 71% are used during the day, while the rooms are being occupied an average of 81 % of the school day of te periods. ‘he frequency distribution of these recitation rooms is showm by Zable II-%. In both colwms the majority of cases fall above 70 per cent, while no cases are to be found below 50 per cent in Gither colum. There are eight rooms whieh are being used every period of the Way, and gowr rooms which heve between 91 and 100 per cent of their seats cecupied for the days One of the reasons for the high percentages found is thet the Oakland Technical High School has larger ela ssee than the average, 2 number of them ruming over 40, The mjority of olasses goutain between 30 and 40 students.

‘Gable [11-2 shows the percentage of use of 35 special room based upon the student provisions and the time the room is oscupled. As explained for Table 1-T, the data on floor arenas were unobtsinable. ie Ghe wardens quecon Listes on thie table, Une shen ave woking

ad yecaveann ame 1 2 sen a aise nr 9 to

ce ace ockntisn nest sntdmD | oveia Tak wouse Yo yrtroton at maset — of 20 sg 2 ra ih ot ee

CO em 28 sete ent le te te at aapaner ad Se eb. wo oo sata tn nh a 7 visin mies salons ea obs melee :

: sSteatass 6 bon morte cinsoe evento to eebota wT ob xan

: senor Satmogs db 6 ou 86 ent Od Sots IN es = wbebgwoee 42 ages ail ent? act Sam Getatvony Op we dc

7 welded dons wien twa 0D 0 ebb 8 eo ew ees Bk

She

nearest their limit, using the rooms 80 per cent of the time and using 86 yer cent of the student provisions. As most of these shops are Working wider the Snithllughes, they ere limited to 20 students eache

The leboratories appear to be working the lesst. ‘This is due to the fagt that several’ of the leboratories hewe an adjoining _ > Meature toon vhigh 4s mosoupied when the Glass is im the labore. terse Tals space gould bo eaved by & combination of lecture room and Se weagon for the study (9 end 13) being used 110 per cent “0G tho time is thet 4% 1s used ono poriod after school, or one more | eriod thm the 10-yoriod day used as bsis for eaxputation,

—-Bable Iva, showing the frequengy distritvution of these __ Special rooms, indigates that the mjority of eases im Colum 2 ~ etl chews. 63. yar esut. snd the saderity of exsve in Golam 8

weed? 80 seam ak vecotsivom, faslase ast 3 od Bndimkt re etd veatinta mst tows

“ita eta ad “ste ct at aodeseaee ben ove omitta Ye aoltaitinnn & of Mette a6 A

TABLE 1«T

TYENTY-HING NSCITaCLON ROGMS OF THR OAKLAND TECHNICAL

HIGH SCHOOL UHOWING, (1) CAPACITY OF BACH FIGURED OW AVAILAMLS ARKA (2) CAPACITY FIGURED ON SEATS PROVIDED (3) PERCENTAGES OF USE FIGURED OW (a) AREA (b) SEATS

(e) ROOM OCCUPIED

(3)

tfa) Availables (b) Occes

{c)

*No data available

/

la

ta ‘ne a ee :

JADIMIET GAWD EY fo BOR woreceteme HO GROROCE Boal CA Tridemat-4s) eras | j Gmirvor: wale eo Geewelt reiqaeas (2) ame ns : ‘meant {¢) ATR (a) 20 SenOY ome Seam Ca ised wane A ted Ki

32 _ 3 _ PWS s ; é i + ra ao) y ; 2 £* aa 3 oF i) lame Py : pe See Re oe eee ST AT Tene” we : Be a dala Sn . ee sa :: | " j SRE |. CERT IBE an: |) a a — — Rit See: ) ere See oe = pe 4

if Lh | | Prey

ae ea Wen b. ea sae cee i ) - al. a na Se oS 1. [as Fe ea ae ae se... Z i a pcndieah) ™ nen: en SE. ee Bs t. : ev ede ee senile aan ? o£. : mh... - lnaiaaealll z bse i (ne ae 7 am aS: ae a Ce aa) ee oe ; ee bs | s&. z.. ao ae ' ene ih "ermal T Seeticolhit setts

TADS L1-¥

RACH Urmenvst. FOR TWO OF

OP RACETATION ROMO AT

THE THREE BASES OF COMPUTE: PERCENTAGE OF 12

"Ho deta available

ee eee ee eee eee eee, ee ee ee ee eee ee a ee

-. oF a 6 o 68 oe O oe oe ME ee oe ot ae we te OF OF OF oe ee OF em ts oe et ee oe et ae oe

sear e & 9S seseeregt asseeagé

<

ee ee Pag OD Cee Pye re

seas 9 g of as wet eesdseai

Ld * = z & < “

ten enn oe & @ oeeewerwen ee eewewenewe ew @ wo we ee

grass e ag ahaqeneny aagaaeds

Y ; wen en eeene #* we we we He eee OMe eee HH Ore Kh Re ee

aS% PARLE IIIf

- STREYVE SPWOLA’ “OuKs SHOWING: (1) area IN SQUATE FEEY (2) CAPACITY FIGURED Ox sTULENT ACCOMO-

On (a) STUDENT PROVISIONS (b) ROOM OCCUPIED

fos ee ee eel ates

Mri fue ake

g i. wt 3. ee te ee ta ee ~~ ot mit

DATIONS AGPUAGLY PROVIDED (5) PERGENZAGE OF USE FIGURED

(Continued on the next mge)

es

oR Oe RC eee err ha ee eee we

©

Le

PS ae, Pea aeers 6 We avcucsadl eeease:

: FF ; a ihm ee Oe oe Te Owe Kw ee ens ow wo eee Oe we ee i ‘ '

s

emi. : Sas33 8 dz. derienonile weagsads

Per ene? e Gabe: We sass pie sees ¢ dg eeeseued: seszeede

ee wm wm ow me eRe ew a Rw Se eK re OM

=,

MBB Ii-T (Conte)

3 estsql ceed i ° g a4 saeatad kel Tt 5

: : on

panaeds ai - a

j ee ee

we

rie We | 1143

[stl gu aaa es es

[4]. -280888.......0.... of |

a gt

"Ho data

z ene bGirhe wens ae Sete eetay

ry

eM nthe dnt ane news an « en <4

‘seumad? aeadl oi

Gat ee ene nwt ananeecnan = = su

aasneds azeiy sda B

a * ee ee om

YS.5F

a ee ee

2

Aaa

a

t :

u

: |

ee a ee |

} ~~

@able 4.U shows the percentage of use of 21 recitation rooms total capacity figured on area is 761, only 567 seats are provided. The University High Sehesl consists in an obsolete wooden building surrounded by = conglameration of portables, shacks, and barns, and under the circumstances the authorities are probably justified im disregarding floor area standaris. This, coupled with the faet that the elasses arc kept as small as possible, accounte for the low figures in percentage colums “a” and "ds" Colum “oe” inddeates thet the focms are being wed 84,9 per cent of the school day.

@able 11, giving the frequency distribution of these reci- tation rooms, places the mjority in Golwm 2 above 51 per cent, in Colum 3 above 61 per cent, and in Colum 4 above 81 per cent.

fable Ili-U shows the percentage of use of 12 special rooms. fhe general everage of these room is high, the highest group being thet of the drawing room, whieh reach 92 per cent in terms of the rooms being oceupied. In terms of use of student provisions the laboratories reach highest with an average use of 74 per cente

In the ease of the study rooa (19), the congestion indicated by the 131 per cent has been partly sulved by sending the overflow to

msde andtattowe: Sek $0 20 a otter (ie ee 86 EB Oh aon 8 snes Sa AEE ite: AE So = Se 28 GAbht ¢ mmccete stoboume me it getemue, “

ae 13 ovo A mi at Phan a sat, ge cele ate tue es, 59 ove & apete of feu gtene 30g AD oa ’ a eee eS ee ee eS gated wwe teh eo ont a |

ee eee. ee ee : ee Pn : ar 4

ile the library, which is used as a staidy room, in addition to its regu- lar use, for an average of 68 per cent in terms of room occupied. Sable TVA, giving the frequnay distribution for thece syestel rooms, indioates that the mjority af ences in Golwm 2 full above 0S see ont, ak Si EME

Xe

+ at's sama

a : . i” a A.

etuda fist 5 smedoh at anace Se whitojae ot

> § A i= ‘ * ‘ 3 2B at ee 4 .

5

“~~

ee 9 Pa. “he Ray is , ¥

TARE IV-U

eo ee ee ee ee

eee ee) ee ee ee

tee TABLE 1

{o) SEATS

(c} ROOM OCCUPIED

a

(2} CAPACITY FIGURED OR SEATS PROVIDED

QWENTY-ONE RECITATION RoCke oF CHS UNIVERSITY (3) PERCENTAGE OF USE FIGURED ai {a) AEA

HIGH SCHOOL SHOWINGs (2) GAPACITY OF HACH FIGURED O8

AVAITABSE AREA

—_—

;

rreeerree } | ;

“” -»e weer ne He = Be

rit LiL

f ‘ :

r

a '

«ett TARTS IU

«FREQUENCY DISTRISUZION SHOWING NUMBER OF RECITATION ROOM AT RACH INPERVAL POR EACH

‘ON {a) Stun

ACTUALLY PROVIDED PROVISION! {&; ROOMS COCUPIED

TWELVE SPROIAY. Rous SHOWLNG s (1) ana peels ye CAPACITY FIGURED

ON STULEN? ACCOMODATE

(3)

PSACENTAGE CY USE

oe iecehes atae eae

geras pag 3ease@

Spee Brey Pee

aseat ereid ank83

RARGs RAMS ES8s

ovnveneeeneewerann eee oe &

gigd 243 $7088

enn wen een manne “-

Hyper pro inti!

82385

Sa Ree Sar

eae g

oy ame ; 3

pre

*

i a nn, a eT

seeegs 3 PST ee

ee eee oP o Be.

~~

‘

e

Ty

se dps 3

F

Ws

seaee & bog tueh teehee 3c

~46— Santi Re 0 eemeBiabten a0 te euantane femal tn Oe Banke 1 series for each of the 7 Bay Cities High schools. cub exgnatity. of the recitation rooms of exch school in term of actual seats provided as well as in terms of mximan possible number of seats necording to stendards. he percentege eolwm indieates for each achool the average use made of the recitation room: according to (a) the avattabte aren, (b) the seate cveupied, and (c} tine the rooms are occupied. . Em terms of the percentage of use of available area the various sehools, wit’ the exception of the sorkeley High school, avorace @ little more than 50 per cent. Oakland averayes only 40 per cent for Basons explained im the disaussion of Table 1-0. ‘he exeeption- ally high standing of the Berkeley High School is due to the fact of seatsy as shown by the table. in the percentare of setunl use ‘made Of these seats the school avernges 70 por cent. It must be borne in mind that the Berkeley High School is in an unsettled states Owing to the fast that the new building group has not been entirely completed. Some of the classes occupy the new unit, while others are still located in the old buildings, ‘this unsettled Gondition must be taken inte consideration in estimting the

‘te wens ae saloodst ati. sinkenneat bY ait 0 $a ajeus Lenton to axzed af fomips a =a ateve tc fodenia eldiuecy tonite tho wernt at: os Mew sco we segetiaet omalop wextanrte, “a of Mitwretes teens settedbeow aa¥ 46 Perera od etd ta} nar Aehyewee mene ne tt wena

veka terebcada edd ‘lt wien winnane eo :

eA =

eer. Tomita te eiadatnoram aie eal

wl tua 2 » Sieve “str ont sipreie totou ls

~47— estual use mado of the entire plant.

_. & study of porcentage solums “a” and “c" reveals the fact that on the average, while the rooms are occupied 60 per cent of the time, they are only using about 50 per cent of their actual seating capacity. Hither the classes are too suall, or the rooms ee | tabulation sheets reveals the fect ilat the majority of the Glasses occupying these room number between 30 ani 40, Obviously, therefore, my of these recitation rooms are too large fer the average clase and could never be used up to 100 per cent in terms of every seat being occupied. As an illustration of this, Room 23 of the Alameda High School has an area of 870 square fevt, Whigh,in terus of the Strayer-inglehardt standards, should con tein 60 seats. the average umber of pupils in ecch less using this room during the day is 29, in this case 56-29, or 29 wepresents the number of unused seats for the average class.

Hore gareful plamning of sehool rooms would result in the utilize. tion of much of this wasted areas,

Baeble VI shows the percentage of use made of the Laboratory groups of the Hast Bay High Sehouvls. ‘the range of use of student

tact, 06d shone: "oh due *a" acusou syeauworag : aren

‘bo awe, oy 8 dpiymes ov memet eld ohio tne = ta en san prtocrmee, suche oxbe mona *) ‘eda he oben at sage Beet wee. Nay

ee oa! RCD & soil

aeten amele Qa at abbey, Se. wo8n ono edaale ogetepe gg xt, ntnun Somme 208 wg stig @22 a2 spasg, heme ce Jeune 38

rahe! te

ce

ecoomotations. is, from,36 yer gent fo the Oniland Yechnical High Sehool to 74 per cent for the University High Schools. It is true dations, but this is because of the fact that the Piedmont High School hes but one laboratory and is forced to use it for all purposes of laboratory instrustion. The low percentage made by Technical High School is due to the fect timt several of the Imboratories have ‘tories ere in usc. This wacte space could be utilised by converting the Isboratories into combined laboratory-leeture rooms and utili~ . »» Sable VIL show: the percentege of use of the shop groups of the Zest Hay Gitios High schools. it will be noted that three of ‘Shops. Of the remaining four schools, Technical High school ranks highest, both in percentage of use of student provisions and in Percentage of use of the rooms. The majority of the Jechnical High ‘Behool shops ave opersted on tue Smithwiughes plane

elin WE2i chow She percentage of vee made of the ézening seen groups of the Seven Mast Bey High sehools. It will be noted that Sn pubeentans ed we Of cveitens mecemctions: otf of Un schools fall above 50 per cout, the highest rank being held by Berkeley

tee

syAu Lapinebaw? bus tiad gels .Q08 I gem: ab >A cde Osc sh 42 saved dei, vAlemNdD og WR, 2000 tm ot ot fo ~Anmuor Iawkede adi W deo nq LEE seme Lamigs yl Sssuung 2 fouie? Mi great ud tele s0ek eat ‘he eaewed at ints r aia - Ye mtauirnig Se Tot sh os) 62 bowed seeedemedad | Hut Seatastnot wy Aras Sanesasony TOL OEE m3 svat paltedare.'ed as 40. Linco ats “late tb et ae sein aan ar ets

Sal, Laniicaionts t-te hbnolaty vale ene 660% yu owst ats Xe shat sae tar oe a ad pages od hae #4 ee

’

| ig. High School, with an average pezceutage of use of 77 per cent. In tor of the percentage of use of the rooms all the schools fall a Nl Sal sil atta aioe naaiaal University High School. ’

@able IX shows the percentage of use made of the conmercial grouse of the various high seheols nemed. This group ineludes typing rooms, boolsreeping rooms, rnd mehine crtculs tion rooms, In poreentace of ure of student provisions, ‘the schools range from 54-t0 10.8 per vont, Piedmont Hiph School is not considered, as ite deta is based on one room only, witoh te used for typing. fh te yeTeentexs af use of periods the rooms are occupied, the schools range from 62.6 to 7745 per cert. -it- wilt be noted that the Berkeley High School is at either extrene of these wuigde, heving’e “poreentoge of $4 in terms of uso Of vtudent provisions and 2 per. centage Gf 77.5 in tome of wwe ot rom Bvidently tle rooms axe

sian Tecaaeci —h ee

used frequently, ‘bat the classes are sual. This cone lusion oo ane eaten tabulation sheets,

wiih show the Glasses to be comparatively suell in enrollment.

ai wich rj W to oan Bo fist abowtss ett Mla sadox ad) Yo a 8 wig te tet? ot spied ‘enreneia eg rensates a fntetecee edt lo ahaw vee te op sartanag, id wre a saheibal query vi Das atone at na ° tee HES iss sete be meen * : eovt Spier afoeties a2 satiate ast

a saint <ot Sone at sate aaa me a

— (Laon EE ara emite oie same! iit net sitions wre vaneni =

ieee ietiatothh Imekgtie ate a0 x

vom tonmus mt £ temas vie isiraeeD os “we

GROUP OF RECITATION ROOMS GF SEVEN BAY CITY HIGH SCHOOLS

SHOWING: (1) CAPACITY

(2)

. PURCEWTAGE OF USE OCCUPIED

GAPACITY FIGURED OR SEATS PROVIDED

FIGURED GH (ma) AKBA (b) SEARS (e)

~b1-

TABLE VI THe LABORATORY Groups OF THE SEVEK BY CITIES HIGH SCHOOLS SHOWING: (2) CAPACITY BASED CH SUATS PROVIUED See ae

SASHD OH (a) STUuIME PROVIS Ton Qo), nocas occa

a 5 (1) (a) bance or :

. yo? 3 : te : b)

s_ighool____ ss Seats ProveStudent Provelioom ces:

s 2 2 ‘4 : ts :

pesemaennsene ee ee | ee Se ee t : :

ee Ls s 8 :

2 -. : : :

: t 2 : :

~e Cpy Bialims ogi saci aT eee ee

~*~

*No shops

53. SABLE VILE HE DRAWING GROUPS OF ME SEVEN BAY CITIES HIGH SCHOOLS

; ; Sehool t 2 s 2 a 3 SOAks rove: Studs provalloom 0680: : s t - : 3

Naneda ica a3 ‘9 bash s ; : | s s 3 me a : $ t : a a |. a a ) a a ft : ‘ . : t 2 Z t : a a s 3 | $ ~-8

L » J ee ae eect!

ae TABLE IX

THE OGMMEROLAS, GROUPS OF THE SEVEN BAY CITIES HIGH SCHOLTS SHOWINGs (1) CAPACITY BASED ON SlaTS PROVIDED (2) FERCEREAGE OF USE BABED ON (=) STUMNT PROVISIONS {b) Bhoms oocuPIED

: : (i) + (2) Bereentage + +— , ns ao a oe a <2 ew SS = : Pie tat a SOE SP eR eee

<A 5 wate nee

cou pied

=pe

ni Rooms.

=

Rdg itatio

A

e4

yf

Seats

si

. ——

Sits

5

ccvup ied CHART I

A

e rcentage of Use.

4 Atco.

| Hn a |

| & <= = 4 nia Wil | } 3 |

a i ene

a

{ ;

IHRE

UTS TORENT LiL NTO OVEH

LiL op

psu ie torte i leis 5 7 - I

e

4

eam Occ == oriq tori ¢€ § Sihio! pes = rceinftage of Use of SSS Les = h Pr

ie — ot

» P pled TRE ape

w

e

tudent Provision

Perce

yO 3S om

> =

1% ; ? ‘ = ings i ie ae re p, Nites NE opti es x a ake Ty ere ay r ‘ 3 {

- * Py Wg en Aaa

Purpanih crying

f

»

\ ; a —. 7 od . eee, De a Ee Vie rage pe

| 5

meats >

ONE DAY RESERVE BOOK __

Return to desk from which borrowed. This book is due on the LAST DATE

PEC 16 1950

UL 27 1951)

APR 4 1952 JUN 27 1952

JUL 2 1959 JUL 14 1952

RB 15-20m—2,'50 (B8639s4) 4186

“ f ahd . y « ¢ se * 4 ‘ a } i ’ r $ 2! ’ 1 ‘

LANGE LISRARY OF Eb \. UNIVERSITY OF CALine

By BERKEL Y, CALIFORNI

i 7 ; > r { x pee “ ~ “i f y : ; i iy iy } ; { 2 j ‘ ‘ ae i ‘3 ‘ ‘ as 7 A at

ae