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Darlington Memorial Library
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Y A G E
IN SEARCH OF , Q
'^' u
. >;P
LA PEROUSE
PERFORMED »Y ORDER OF
. THE CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY,
DURING THE
yp:ars 1791, 1792, 1793, AND 1794,
AND DRAWN U?
BY M. LABILLARDIERE,
rORRESPONDENT OF THE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES hi
PARIS, MEMBER. OF THE SOCIETY OF NATURAL
His TORY, AND ONE OF THE NATURALIST:.
ATTACHED TO THE, EXPEDITION.
TRANS L AT ED FR OM THE FR EPlCH.
ILLUSTRATED WITH FORTY-SIX PLATLci.
IN T\VO VOLUMES,
VOL. If.
Sm»li>-}z'»<S=M»
PRINTED FOi. JOHN. STOCKDALE, PIOCADILL'ir; 1800-
CONTENTS
OF
THE SECOND VOLUME.
CHAP. X.
Stay m RocJ:y Bay — Various Excurfions into the Coun- try— Goodnefs of the Soil — SmguJar Orgamzatiort of the Bark.offeveral Trees peculiar to New Holland- — Difficulty of penetrafwg into the Woods — The Trees wiihiji land are not hollowed by Fire like thofe near the Sea — Pit Coal to the North IV eft of South Cape — In- ' Terviem with' the Savages — Their CondiiB towards ns very peaceahle-^One of them came to take a View of us at Night while we voere af.eep — Several of them accompany us through the Woods — Various other In- terviews with the Inhabitants — -They broil Shell FiJJi, to eat them — Polygamy efiablijlied amon^ thefe People Their Manner of f filing — The Women fearch for Shell Fifh, fometimes by diving to a great Depth — One of the Savages vifiis us 071 lioard — Their Knowledge of Botany ■ - ' - p3ge 9
CHAP. XI.
Departure from Rocky Bay to pafs. through Dentre- cajleuux Strait — The Ships run aground in this -Strait
. —-^y arious
0 COXTENtS.
- — Vitrious Excnrfio-nshito the ne'ighhouring Country-^ Interview iv'iih the ISIathes — They had Jefi their fVeapons in the Woods, a7id reftimed them on their Reiurn-^We anvhor in Adventure Bay page ^B
CHAP. XII.
departure from Adventure Bay — TS^e pafs clofe by the North End of New Zeala?id — Interview with the Itdjuhitants—Dlfcovery of fever ai Ifuinds hitherto un- hmwri-^Anchor at Tojigatahoo^ one of the Friendly Iflandi — iLagernefs of the Natives to come on hoard and furnijh us with frejh Provi/wn — We: fait a great Number of Hogs — The IJlanders greatly addicted to Theft — One of our Sentinels knocked down in the Night by a Native, who flole his Mujket — The AJfaJfin de- livered to General Dentrecajieaux by King Toobou, who refiores the Mujket that had beenjiolen — Queen Tine comes on board — Toobou gives a Feaji to the Getieral — Queen Tine alfo does the fame — The Smith of the Reclierche is knocked dowri with Clubs by the Natives, who afterwards Jirlp him, in open Day, ifi Sight of our Fejfels — Some y dung Bread-Fruit Trees are taken on board to enrich our Colonies with this va* habk Frodu5tlo7i - - page 85
CHAP. xni.
Departure from Tongataboo — IVe get Sight of the Southern Part of the^ Archipelago of the Tierra del Ffpiritu Santo, (Neiv Hebrides) — Dlfcovery of the IJland of Beaupri — We A^ichor at New Caledonia
— Intervkws
CONTENTS. 7
..^Tfiterviews with tli& Natives — Defcription of their JJnis-r—Thefe Savages are Canriihah-^Their hipu- dence toward us — They eat great Piec$s of Steatite^ to appeafe their Hunger — Their Attempts to/eize upon our Boats — Different Excurfions into the interior Part of the JJlarJ — De.ifh of Captain Huon — Neiv Species of Spider, on which the Savages of New Caledonia feed - - page iS6
CHAP. XIV.
JOeparture from New Caledonia — Interview with the Inhahitants of the IJIand'of St. Croix — Their Trea^ chery — One of thefe Savages Jlightly pierces with an Arrow the Forehead of one of our Seamen, who died
fome Time after in Confequence of the Wound — Singu- lar ConjiruBion of their Canoes- — View of the Southern Fart of the Archipelago of Solomon — Interview with its Inhahitants — Their Perfidy — The Northern Coafl of Louifiade reconnoitred — Interviezv with its
Inhahitants — Dangers of that Navigation Sail
through Dampiers Straits in order to reconnoitre the North Coaji of New Britain — Death of General
■ Dentrecajleaux — The Scurvy mahes great Ravages in hoth Ships — Death of the Baker of the Recherche — Cafl anchor at Waygiou - - P^ge 258
C H A P. XV.
Abode at Waygiou — Scorhutic Patients are fpeedily re- lieved— Interviews with the Nalives — Anclior at Bourou — Paffage through the Straits ef Bouton-^
Ravages
8 CONTENTl^.
■■ Rava^eyproduccciT>y the Dyfenfery—Anclicr at Sou^
^'- rahii^o^^Ahodc at Samaran^—My DefenUonat Fort
''j4ny,\'nYiir Batavia-^'Ahod^'at JJli de^ FruTK'e-^
Return to France -^ . ' " pisige 298
"••^E**"
APPEN-DIX.
Vocabulary of the Malay Language - \ Language of the Savages of Die^
mens Lam} - - - 43 ' — . . ■■ iMuguage of the Natlvei -of Kezv
Caledonhf r. - <r " \5S
' — '■ "'^'>''v ' Langrtageof the Naiii^^s of JVuy-
S'i'^^' - - - ~ "^V,'..^.68
*TAiij.E& x>f the Rout of the Ff^erance - ' 73
VOYAGE
VOYAGE
> IN SEARCH OF
LA PEROUSE.
CHAP. X.
^tay hi Rocky Bay — Various Excnrjtons into the Country — Goodnefs of theSo'il — Singular Orga- mzation of tJie Bark of federal Trees peculiar to New Holland — Difficulty of p^}ietrati7tg into the Woods — "The Trees within Land are not hollowed by Fire, like tho/e near the Sea — Pit Ccal to the North-lFefl of South Cape — Interview with the Savages — Their ConduSl towards us very peace- able— One of them came to take a View of us at Night J while we were qfleep — Several of them ac- . company us through the Woods — Various other - hiterviews with the hihabitants — They broil Shell Fijh, to eat them — Folygamy eflahliflied among thefe People — Their Manner of fjhing-^ The Women fearchfor Shell Fifli, fomctimes by diving to a great Depthy^One of the Savages viftts us on Board — Their Knowledge of Botany.
24th January, 17Q3.
A T five o'clock in the morning I landed near
the entrance of our anchoring-place. Along
the fhore I obferved blocks of fand-llone, the de-
VoL.II. B compofition
10 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [ijQS,
compofition of which had furnifhed the very fine quartzofe fand, on which I walked for fome time. The Elperance had ahcady found a waterins:- placc, in a Httle cove to the north- weft, where there was very good water, eafily procured. The brook that furnifhed it fell into the fea from a height of more than three feet, fo that it would readily run into the long-boat through wooden troughs.
We foon reached the head of the bay, where we found a hut, which the favages had conftru6l- ed with much art. The ingenuity with which they had dilpofed the bark that covered ' its roof, excited our admiration ; the heavieft rain could not penetrate it. It had an opening in the fide towards the fea, and curiofity induced us to enter. Some of the people on board the Efperance^had told us, that the evening before they had feen three natives, fitting round a fmall fire, clofe to the hut, who, being frightened by the found of a gun difcharged at a bird, had fled with precipi- tation. We had ibon another proof of their pre- fetice at this extremity of the bay ; and it appeared to us, that they came regularly to fieep in this hut. In a very fliort time we repented our en- tering into it ; for the vermin that ftuck to our clothes, bit us in a very difagrecable manner. The tide of flood had raifed the fea to a height
that
Jan.] of la perouse. 11
that enabled it to flow within the land, where we faw on it many ducks ; but they would not let us approach within a confiderable diftance of them. From their being thus afraid of man, I infer^ that they are not fafe from the attacks of the natives.
In the woods we found few infects ; but for this we were amply compenfated when we re- turned to the fea-fide. As the weather was very fine, the infers had flown thither from all parts ; and among the great number of thofe that had attempted to crofs the bay, many termites, and various coleoptera, of very ilrange fhapes. The w^ind had driven them upon the fand, where we could colle6l them w'ith great eafe.
Next morning, at day-break, we landed near the head of the bay, whence we entered a large valley, which ftretchcs to the fouth-weft, between fome very high hills. From the top of one of the higheft we could fee all the country, as far as the foot of the great mountain, that bore north-well from our fliips. .The fnow^ ftill remaining on its fummit, rendered the view very pi<5lurefque, and by its contraft heightened the beautiful verdure of the large trees, which appeared to grow on it with great vigour.
Many fpecies of emhotJirium werfc obferved on the declivity of the hills w^here we were. Lower
B 2 down
12 VOYAGE IN SEARCIt [l/O^.
down we perceived fprings of clear water, creep- ing out at feyeral places, and running into a lakc> ■where I fa,w fbme pelicans ;. but \mfortunateIy I j was able to fire at thon only from a great dif- %ap.ce. This lake is in the midil of a large plain, the foil of which, in the lowefl parts, eonfiils of clay thoroughly drenched vsith water, and covered with roots of different plants, which form a bad kind of turf on a fnakins; bottom. Throu2:h this are openings in fcveral places a few feet broad^ difplaying a very thin mud, covered with water. Near thefe bogs, I had the. pleafure of colle(5ling a great number of plants,''among wdiieh I remark- ed feveral n€w fpecies of caheolqiia and drofera, (fun- dew.) -
Continuing our walk, we foon had a vegetable mould under our i^tt^ which I found the fame at more than half a yard deep throughout the whole breadth, of the valley. The temperature of the ciima,ts would be extremply favourable ta the, cultivation of moft of the ve<retables of Eu- rope ; and a few trenches, dug in proper places, would give a fufHcicnt difcharge to the water, to drain almoft all the marflies found there, and convert them into fertile foil.
As night approached, we had, reached the fpot where we landed, and faw there feveral heaps ol 0} fi:cr-f]iells-, brought by the nati^■es, -which had
induced
Jan.] of la perouse. 13
induced ourfifhersto fearch for. them in the bay- At low water they difcovercd, very near this place, an oyftcr-bank, from v, hich they took a large quantity ; and the flood brought in with it fevcral fpccics of ray, foine of which they caught aifo.
The whole of the 2l)th I fpcnt in defcribing and preparing every thing I had CGlle(5led fince our arrival in Rocky Bay. I was aftoniflied at the great variety of produ<5iions ftill afforded me by this part of New Holland, where I had been very diligent in my refearches for more than a month the preceding year ; though, it is true, fe- veral leagues from the places we had now^ vifited, and in a more advanced feafon, w^hen a great number of plants, that I now found, muft have difappearcd.
On the following morning, as foon as it began to dawn, wefctoff, with the dehgn of rerhaining on fhore a couple of days, refohing to purfje our refearches to a confiderablc diflance fiom our place of anchorage. We landed in the fouth- weft, and iollowed a path, traced nearly in that dire(5:iion by the natives, where we obicrved to- lerably recent marks of naked feet, among which were fome of very young children. No doubt ibrrie families, alarmed by our ilay in Kocky Bay,
B 3 . ^ had
14 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l793.
had gone in queft of another retreat, where they deemed themfelves in more fafety.
After an hour's walk, we refted in a low place, where the waters from the neighbouring hills were colle<51:ed. To feveral fpecies of Jeptofper- mmn this moifture was {o well fuited, that they had grow^n up to very large trees ; though all that I had hitherto found in other places were but little flirubs. Some here were more than thirty yards high, though the trunk was not eight inches in diameter. One fpecies was remarkable for its bark, which was about an inch thick, and com- pofcd of a great number of flakes, lying one over another, very eafily feparable, and as thin as the fineft Chinefe paper. This fingular organization of the bark occurs only in New Holland : it is nearly the fame in the eucalypius refin'ijera ; and I had obferved it alfo on the fouth-wefl coaft of this country, on two large trees, one be- longing to the family o^ protca, the other to the myrtles.
We foon found a current of air oppofite to the ftrons!; breezes from the fouth-weft. Near we ja^."/ tQe marks of a fire, which appeared to have been iatciy burning. The natives had left there part of a italk oi funis palmatus (the palmated or fwxet fucus,) which the natives eat, after they
have
Jan.] of la perouse. 15
have broiled it, as we had afterwards an opportu- nity of feeing,*
The Ibuth-weft wind, which had been pre- ceded by a great defcent of the quickfilver in the barometer, blew in the afternoon in violent gufls, which brought on rain juft as we reached the fea- Ihore near South Cape. Fortunately a Ihrub of the rutaceous family afforded us an excellent flicker by its bufliy thicknefs. This flirub grows vigoroufly on theie heights, notwithftanding its being expofed to all the impetuofity of the vio- lent winds that prevail on thefe coafls.
To this new genus I have given the name of mazeutoxeron.
The calyx is bell-fhaped, and four-toothed.
The petals are attached to the bottom of the calyx.
The ftamens, eight in number, are fixed to the receptacle.
The germen is oval. The flyle is not quite fo long as the flamcns. The ftigma has four di- visions,
* This fpecies of fea- wrack, we are informed, is eaten both in Scotland and Ireland, fometimes frefli, as a fallad ; but more frequently it is dried, rolled together, and chewed as tobacco. Jn the lile of Sky it is ufed as a medicine. — Tranjlator.
B 4 The
1^ VOTAGR IN SEARCH [t703.
The capfule has four cells, each of which is formed of two valves ; and is covered with hairs.
Each cell contains twTo or three feeds, nearly fpherical.
The leaves are oppofite, rounded, covered with thick down, and of a fallow colour under- neath.
The flowers are foiitary% and placed at the in- fertions of the leaves.
To this fhrub I give the name of mazeuioxcron rufum.
Explanation of the Figures, Plate XVIL
Fig. 1 . A branch.
¥'ig. 2. The flower.
Yig. 3. The petal.
Fig. 4. The petals removed to fiiow the ila- mens.
F'lg. 5. The flamens magnified.
Fig. 6. The capfule.
We walked fome way to the north acrofs hil- locks of farid, before we got down to the beach, the windings of which we follov/cd with great eafe for a confiderable diftance ; but at length we were flopped by a mountain, which termi- nated in a cliff"; where it advanced into the fea. We attempted to go round it on the land fide,
but
Ct<x
Jan.] of la perouse. 17
but found it impoffible to penetrate through the thickets, by which it was environed.
Night coming on, we returned in fearch of a convenient place to pafs the night near a rivulet, • which we had crolTed. A thick bufh was the befl Ihclter we could find ; and this we increafcd by the addition of branches from others, fo that wx expelled to have been perfectly fecure againft any inconvenience from the wind. But the gale from^ the fouth-weft blew fo ftrong during the night, that the rain penetrated our covering on all iides ; and to heighten our diftrefs, the cold was very piercing, which drove moft of us near the fire, though there we were ftiil more expofed to the wet, than in our fort of hut.
28th. As foon as day broke, we quitted our un- comfortable lodging, and crciTed the downs, that furrounded us. In fome places, where the fand appeared lately to have fallen down, I obferved, that thefe fand hills appeared to reft partly on a very hard fteatite, of a dark grey colour, partly on fandftone. Prefently after I obferved from the borders of the fhore a very large rock, ftand- ing in the fea, and not far from the land, which exhibited on all fides the fame fpecies of fteatitc. This rock, which is very high, is pierced at one of its extremities.
The waves had feparated from the bottom of
the
IS VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l/QS.
the fea much fponge of the fpecies called fpongia cancellatay^zzX. quantities of which we faw thrown upon the fhore.
In the midft of thefe downs grew a new fpe- cies of plantain, which I call plantago Irkufpidata, from the form of its leaves. This muft be reckon- ed among the moft ufcful plants, which this coun- try affords for the food of man. The hope of finding fome vegetables fit to eat as fallad had induced the moft provident among us, to bring the necefifary fauce, and the fallad furnifhed by the leaves of this plant, which were very tender, was highly relifhed by all the company.
Several kinds of grafs, among which I noticed many new fpecies of fefcue (fejiucaj, ferved to bind the fand together. A new geranium, with an herbaceous ftalk, very fmall, and with leaves deeply cut, was among the number of plants 1 colleded. It w^as the firfi: plant of the genus, that I found in this country.
I had obferved feveral burrows made in the ground, where the land had fufficient folidity, but I knew not by what animal they were form- ed ; when a kangarou of a middle fize ftarted up at our approach, and ran into one of them. We fired in feveral times, hoping the fmoke would drive him out, but he would not quit his hole.
Several tracks of kangarous through a little
wood
Jan.] of la perouse. 19
wood roufed the ardour of two of our fhootcrs, who were with us ; and they foon got iight of fe- veral of thefc animals in the midft of a meadow watered by a delightful rivulet, but all of them nvere too iliy to be approached.
At length we got on board, greatly fatigued for want of fleep, as we had not clofed our cyts for more than forty hours.
2yth. The four fubfequent days I employed in -yifiting the environs of the place where w^e lay at anchor. Toward the fouth-fouth-eafl I found a fine tree, which appeared to me to belong to the family of conifera, judging by the difpofition of its ftamens, and the refmous fmell of every part : but I was never able to procure any of its fruit, though I afterwards faw feveral trees of the fame kind. No doubt the feafon was not yet far enough advanced ; and the ftamens, which I ob- ierved, appeared to have remained ever iince the preceding year. I mention this tree, not only on account of the fmgularity of its leaves for a tree of this family, for they are broad, and deeply in- dented on their edges, but for their utility in , making beer. They afforded a bitter and aroma- tic extrad, which I imagined might be ufed as that of fpruce ; and on making a trial of it with malt, 1 found that I was not miftaken.
This fine tree is often a yard in thicknefs, and
^twenty
20 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [1793.
twenty-five or thirty yards high. Its wood is very hard, of a reddifh colour, and fufccptible of a fine polifli.
The thick woods we had to the north-north- w^eft of our fhips furnifhed a great number of trees of a moderate height, which grew extremely well; notwithftanding the fliade of the vaft eu- calyptus ghhulus.
I fnall give fome account of a new genus of the family of the hypericums, which conftituted the ornament of thefe folitary places, and which I call carpodontos.
The calyx has four fcarious leaves, united at the upper part : they fall off as the corolla unfolds itfelf.
The corolla is formed of four petals, attached beneath the germen.
The ftamens are numerous, (thirty or forty.)
The germen is elongated, and furmounted with fix or feven ftyles, each of which has an acute jftigma.
The capfule opens into fix or feven valves, woody, cleft internally throughout their \a hole length, and bidentatcd at their fuperior extre- inity.
The feeds are few, and flattened.
This tree, which does not reach a height of more than eight or ten yards, is but flender.
Its
nwrrt, Joujtj.
"?^ti
Tui ^fyJ.Slvdtdale, JPUtadOfy. U '*jfy>rU./Me .
FjELBi] OF LA PEROUSE. 21
. Its leaves are oval, oppofite, coriaceous, fliin- ing, and covered with a thin film of refm, which tranfudes frOm the upper part : the under part is whitifli, and the lateral ribs are fcareely per- ceptible on it.
I have given it the name of carpodontos luc'tda.
Explanation of the figures, Plate XVIII.
Fig. 1. Branch of the carpodontos lucida.
Fig. 2. Flower with the calyx already feparated at its bafe.
Fig. 3. Flower viewed in front.
Fig. 4. Pofterior part of the flower, where the calyx may be obferved, v/hich fometimes remains attached to it by one of its fcales, after the co- rolla is unfolded.
Fig. 5. The petal.
FiZ'3' The ilaraens mao-ni£ed.
Fig. 7 . The germen.
Fig. 8. The capfule.
Febrcjary 2.d. We had planned a vifit to the higliell of the mountains in this part of New Holland, the various fites of which gave us hopes of a great number of new productions* Each of us took provifion for five days, which we pre- fumed would afford us fufficient time for our pur- pofe. Accordingly we fet off very early in the morning, with a tolerable ffockof bifcuit, cheefe,
bacon.
2?2 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [j f ^3*
bacon, and brandy, our ufual ftore on diftant ex- curfions.
When we had proceeded about halfway on the road we had before taken, in our journey to South Cape, we found an extenfive opening through the woods, which faclUtated our progrefs weilerly, as far as the foot of the hills, that we were obliged to crofs ; and then we plunged into the midft of the woods, with no other guide but the compafs.
We directed our way to the north, advancing flowly from the obftacles prefented us at every ftep by vaft trees lying one upon another. Moft of thefe, blown down by the violence of the winds, had torn up in their fall part of the foil that bore them ; others, that had fallen in confe-. quence of their age, were every where rotten, and the lower part of their trunks was frequently {ecu Handing amidft the wreck of their upper parts, that lay in huge heaps around.
After a very laborious walk, we at length reach- ed the fummit of a mountain, whence we per- ceived to the fouth the middle of the roadftead of South Cape, and to the north-weft the large mountain, toward which we dire(5led our fteps.
Night foon obliging us to halt, we kindled a large fire, round which we repofed ; and a com- fortable flecp difTipated the fatigues of the day.
We
Feb.}' of la perouse. 2S
We ilept in the open air, for we f(^ouId have found it difficult, to conftrud a Ihelter in a fhort time among the large trees, as their branches were moftly near the fummit, and this part of the foreft was deftitute of Ihrubs. We looked in vain for fome large trunks hollowed by fire ; thefe arc to be found only in places frequented by the natives. We had feen a great number on ths borders of the fea, where we had obferved many paths, which the natives had cleared ; but no- thing .gave us any intimation that they had ever come into the midft of thefe thick forefts.
The air was extremely calm ; and about mid- night I awaked, when, folitary in the midft of thefe filent woods, the majefty of which was half difclofed to me by the feeble gleam of the ftars, I felt myfelf penetrated with a fentiment of ad- mration of the grandeur of nature, which it is be- yond my power to exprefs.
3d. At day-break we refumed our journey in the fame direction as before. Our difficulties in- creafed more and more. The trunks of trees lying one upon another often prefented an almoft impe- netrable barrier, obliging us - to climb to the up- permoft, and then to walk from tree to tree, at the hazard of a fall from a confidcrable height ; lor feveral were covered with a fpongy bark, fo wet with the damp continually prevailing in theie
thick
24 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [1/93.
thick woods, that our path was extremely flip- pery, as weJl as difficult.
The day was confiderably advanced, when wc arrived at the fummit of ^ mountain, from which we perceived the whole extent of a long valley, which we had ftill to crofs, before we could reach the foot of the mountains, which we had fet out to viiit. The intermediate fpace appeared to be about eighteen miles ; and this fpace was occupied by forefts, as thick as thofe through which we had juft penetrated. It was to be apprehended, that it would take us upwards of two days, to reach the end of our intended journey ; even if wx were not retarded by extcniive marflies, or other obftacles, which we could not poffibly fore- fee. It would require nearly as long a time to return ; and from this calculation, our provifion would be expended three days before the termi- nation of our journey. Thefe forefts in the mean time afforded nothing that could contribute to our fubfiflence; and confequently we were obliged to relinquifh our defign. .
The great chain of mountains appeared to ftretch from the north-eafl to the fouth-wefi:, through a vaft extent of countr^^
In the forefts we had juft traverfcd, wc found the fame kind of ftones which we had already met with towards South Cape. Seeing this Cape
fouth
Feb.] ' OF LA PEROUSE. ^5
fouth by eaft, we took this diredlion, and went to fpend the night on the llcirts of the foreft, near a rivulet, which runs to the foot of the mountains.
4th. The difficulty of penetrating through the woods, made us refolve in future to follow the Ihore as far as we could, and avail ourfelves of the openings that terminated on it, to proceed into the interior part of the country. In this nlanner we could traverfe a considerable extent of ground in little time ; but it was neceffary for us firft to pafs the cliff that projed:ed into the fea, and had ftopped us a^few days before. By frelh attempts at length we fucceeded, and, after fiir- mounting the greateft difficulties, we penetrated through the thick woods that oppofed our paf- fage. On quitting thefe we were able to con- tinue our journey along the fea-fide, the way be- ing fufficiently ealy, as the mountain terminated at the fhore by a gentle ilopc : but we were foon obliged to climb over fteep rocks, at the foot of which the fca broke in a tremendous manner. This road, notwithflanding its difficulty, was fre- quented by the natives, for we found in it one cf their fpears. This weapon was no more than a very ftraight long ftick, which they had not taken the pains to fmooth, but which was pointed at each end.
Vol. IL C The
26 VOYAGE IN SEAUCH 1^79^'
The fide of the mountains being expofcd for a confiderablc extent, we obferved a horizontal vein of coal, the greateft thicknefs'of which did not exceed four inches. Wc noticed it for the fpacc of more than three hundred yards. The flratum beneath it was fand ftone ; that above, a dark brown fchift. From thefe indications I prcfumc, that excellent coal may be found in abundance at a greater, depth. It is well known, that the richeft mines of this fuel are commonly found, beneath fandftone.
The ruft, with which I perceived the water^ that trickled from the rocks, highly coloured, was the firil indication thefe mountains afforded me of their containing iron ; but it was not long be- fore I found fine fragments of hematites of a bronze red colour, and farther on an ochry earth of a tolerably bright red. Small feparate frag- i!nents of tripoli alfo were fcattered about in the way we took ; probably feparated from the higher ftrata, which we could not diftinguifh, as they were covered by the earth that tumbled down in laro;e maiTcs.
Several new fpecies of lohfl/ff grew out from the clefts of the rocks, which became more and more ftecp. Some of them were perpendicular eliffs, more than two hundred yards in height above the level of the fea. Very recent marks of
the
Feb.] of la perouse. , 27
the earth having tumbled down made us refolve to take our way through the woods, and not to approach the cUffs again without the greateft caution.
For fometime we proceeded amid ilirubs, nioft of which were of the heath family fericaj, or that of diofpyros.
Our attention was foon called to a fearful found, the repetitions of which feemed to obey the mo- tions of the waves, and with the greateft aftonifh- ment we beheld the terrible fpe(5lacle of the de- ftrud.ive effects of the fea, continually undermin- ing thefe cliffs. The bafe of an enormous rock was already buried in the waves, while its fum- mit was hollowed into a vaft arch, fufpended at the height of more than two hundred yards, which, by reverberating the found, increafed the noife of the reiterated dafhings of the impetuous waves that broke againft its fides.
Having paffed the firft two capes to the weft of South Cape, we returned tow ards the latter, where we fpent a very bad night, for \infortu- nately we w^ere at no great diftance from fome ftagnant waters, and the extreme calmnefs of the air expofed us to all the fury of the mofchettoes.
5th. Morning being the time of low water, we hoped to be enabled, by its means, to procure fome Ihell-flih, of which the bad quality of our
C 2 provision
2^ tot AGE IN SEARDii [1^7^34
provifion friade us feel a preffing want : but the; breeze fetting in from the fea difappointed us, by raifing the water nearly as high as it would have been at flood tide. Thus we were obliged to con- tent ourfelves with our fait provifion.
The cafcade at South Cape, from which a- great deal of water fell into the fea, when Captain Furneaux landed there, was nearly dry at this time. From the marks of its bed, however, it was eafy to perceive that its run muft be confi-. derable in the rainy feafon. ■ We found a dead feal on the fliore, of the fpe- cies called j^/zf?6'^ 7n&nacus. Two fevere contufions on its head gave us reafon to fuppofe, that it had been driven againfl fome rocks by the violence ot the waves, which it had not ftrength to fur^ mount.
Bending our courfe toward our anchoring-place^ we found two large pools to the eaft-north-eaft of South Cape ; and as we went round them, w^e faw on their borders fcveral burrows of kangarous. A new fpecics of utrkulana difpla}'ed its beauti- ful flowers on the furface of their tranquil waters. I was aftoniflied that thefe ftagnant pools did not exhale a fetid fmcU, as is ufually the cafe ; but it is probable^ that the w^ater is fpeedily reneVv^ed by filtering through the ground.
It was three o'clock in the afternoon when. we.
arrived
Feb.] ^ OF LA PERousE. 29
.arrived on board. One of the afunners of the Ef- perance, named Boucher, we learned had died, durhig our abfence, of a confumption.
Gth and 7th. After having defcribedand pre- pared the fubjexfls of natural hiftory, which I had collected the preceding days, 1 employed the re- mainder of my time in vifitins; the low lands to the fouth-eaft. The woods here w^ere eafily pe- netrated, as the trees ftood at fome diftance from each other, Almofl every where I found the foil an excellent mould. I cut fpecimens of feveral forts of wood, to find out the different ufes for which each might be employed. That fine tree, which I imagine to be of the coniferous family, and which I have already mentioned, gave con- fiderable rcfillance to the faw : no doubt it will furniih the moft compa^ timber of any of that family.
It had long been my waih, that the greater part of the feeds we had brought from Europe, capable of fucceeding in this climate, might be fown on this part of the coaft in a goo4 mould fuf&ciently watered : but on my return I faw with regret that a very dry and very fandy fpot, pretty near the head of the bay, had been dug up and fown.
Early in the morning of the 8th, the gardener
and I, with two of the crew, let off for port
C 3 Dentre-
30 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l TQS.
Dentrecafteaux, intending to fpend two days in examining its environs. We landed at the mouth of the harbour, on its weftern fide ; and fortu- nately found ourfelves on a bank of oyfters, of which we collected an abundant ftore.
It was with pleafure wx faw once more a place, which we had vifited feveral times the preceding year. Moft of the little rivulets we had then met with, and even that where we procured our wha- ler, were now dry.
We foon reached the head of the harbour, and found, as we proceeded up the river, very clofe and marfhy thickets, which often retarded our progrefs.
Snakes are not common at Diemen's Cape, yet I faw two, ileeping in the fun, on large trunks of trees ; on our approach they withdrew into the hollow trunks, that ferved them for a retreat. They were of the fpccics I had found the year be- fore, which is by no means dangerous.
Thousfh the courfe of the river was obfi:rud;ed by large trees at almoft every ftep, we were obliged to go up it near a mile and half, before we could find one, by means of which we could crofs to the oppofite bank without too great dif- iiculty.
From this place we proceeded north-eaft, tra-
verliDg
Feb.] of la perouse. 31
verfmg very commodioufly a fpacious plain, part o{ the vegetables growing on which had lately been burned by the natives. In a fhort time we reached the head of the great hike, along the bor- ders of which we walked as far as the fea, and having travelled o\er a confiderable extent of ground, we returned to its extremity, to fpend the night near a riv ulet, which we had already crolTcd. As the weather wa.s very fine, we lay down to flecp in the open air, flickered folely by large trunks of trees, that lay on the ground ; but the piercing cold we felt foon obliged us to kindle a large fire.
It is remarkable, that the temperature of the air, at this extremity of New Holland, is fome- times 1 7° lower in the night than it was in the day. (From 23" to 6° of the mercurial thermo- meter graduated according to Reaumur, which is always to be undcrflood). In fa6l this narrow land, lying in a pretty high latitude, is not very capable of long retaining the heat, which has been imparted to it by the rays of the fun. This great difference of temperature was very inconvenient to us, as it obliged us to enciimber ourfelves with clothes, which we found very troublefome in the day. I mull obferve, however, that the variation ot the thermometer on board at the fame time did not exceed 5^ or 0°.
C4 Qth.
32 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l/O^*
gth. As foon as day-light appeared, while the two men that accompanied us were flill alleep, the gardener and I proceeded towards the part of the lake oppofite that which we had vifited the evening before.
I had the pleafure of colledling feveral fpecies of m'tmoja with fimple leaves, all the parts of fru6lification of which were unfolded. I had al- ready fome fpecimens, but they were very im- perfect.
After w^aiking at leaft a couple of miles, we fancied w-e heard human voices before us. Re- doubling our attention, we advanced a few fleps, when a ludden cry, arifmg from feveral voices -unitedj iflued frorn one fpot, and we perceived through the trees a number of the natives, moft of whom appeared to be iifhing on the borders of the lake. As we were unarmed, and ignorant of their intentions, we did not hefitate to return to our companions, each of whom had a mufket ; and imm.ediately croiled through the wood, that the favages might not lee us, left they lliould be t;impteG to purfae us, on perceiving our flight.
When we had told our men the occafion of our return, I exprelTed my fcrong defire to have an interview with thefe people. It was neceilary firft, however, to prepare our means of defence, fo that we might be able to avail ourfeives of
theni
Feb.] of la perouse. 33
them in cafe of an aflault. Accordingly we got ready a few cartridges, as faft as we could, and fet out towards the place, where we had feen the natives. It was now only nine o'clock. We had gone only a few fteps before we met them. The men and youths were ranged in front, nearly in a femi-circle : the women, children, and girls, were a few paces dillant behind. As their man- ner did not appear to indicate any hoftile defign, I hefitated not to go up to the oldeft, who ac- cepted, with a very good grace, a piece of bifcuit I offered him, of which he had feen me eat. I then held out my hand to him as a fign of friend- iliip, and had the pleafure to perceive, that he comprehended my meaning very well : he gave me his, inclining himfelf a little, and raifmg at the fame time the left foot, which he carried backward in proportion as he bent his body for- ward. Thefe motions were accompanied by a pleafing fmile.
My companions alfo advanced up to the others, and immediately the beft underftanding prevailed among us. They received with great joy the neck- cloths which we offered them : the young people approached nearer to us ; and one of them had the generofity to give me a few fmall ihclls of tho whelk kind, pierced near the middle, and flrung like a necklace. This ornament, which he called
canJar'ide,
34 VOYAGE IN SEARCH. [l793.
canlaride, was the only one he polTeffed, and he wore it round his head. A handkerchief fupphed the place of this prefent, gratifying the utmoll wiflies of my favage, who advanced toward me, that I might tie it round his head for him, and who expreffed the greatell joy, as he lifted his hand up to feel it again and again. We wore abundance of clothes, as I have already obfcrved, on account of the coldnefs of the nights ; and we beftowed the greater part on thefe iflanders.
The women were very defirous of coming nearer to us; and though the men made figns to them, to keep at a diftance, their curiofity wns ready every moment to break through all other confi derations. The gradual increafe of confi- dence, however, that took place, obtained them permiffion to approach. It appeared to us very aflonifliing, that in fo high a latitude, where, at a period of the year fo little advanced as the prefent, wx already experienced the cold at night to be pretty fevere, thefe people did not feel the neceiTity of clothing themfelves. Even the wo- men were for the moft part entirely naked, as well as the men. Some of them only had the fliouldcrs and -part of the back covered with a kangarou's fkin, worn with the hair next the body : and among thefe we obferved two, each of whom had an infant at the breail. The fole
garment
p£B.] OF LA PEROUSE. 35
garment of one was a ftrip of kangarou's fkin, about two inches broad, w^hich w^as wrapped fix or feven times round the waift ; another had a collar of fkin round the neck ; and fome had a flender cord bound feveral times round the head. I afterwards learned, that moft of thefe cords were fabricated from the bark of a fhrub of the fpurge family, very common in this country.
A pole-axe, which we ufed for cutting oiF fome branches from the trees, excited the admi- ration of thefe people. As they perceived us wil- ling to give them any thing in our poffeffion, they did not fcruple to beg it ; and when we granted their requeft, they were overcome with joy. They were fully fenfible of the value of our knives, likewife ; and received a few tin veffels with pleafure. When T fliewed them my watch, it attra(5led their defire ; and one of tliem, in par- ticular, exprelTed his vvilh to poffefs it : but he quickly defifted from his requeft, when he found, that I w^as not willing to part with it.
The readinefs with which we gave them our things, no doubt, led them to prefume, that thej might take any thing belonging to us, without alking for it : this obliged us to fet bounds to their defires ; but we found, to our great fatif- fadion, that they returned to usj without the
leaft
$0 ^ VOYAGE IN SEIrCH [l 7Q3.
leafl refiftancej fuch things as we could not diA penfe with for our own ufe.
I had given them feveral articles, without re- quiring RX^y thing in return : but I wifhed to get a kangarou's fkin, when, among the favages about us, there happened to be only a young girl, who had one. When I propofcd to her, to give it me in exchange for a pair of pantaloons, Ihe ran away, to hide herfelf in the woods. The other natives appeared truly hurt at her refufal, and called to her feveral times. At length fhe yielded to their intreaties, and came to bring me the fkin. Perhaps it was from timidity only, that fhe could not prevail on herfelf to part with this kind of garment ; in return for which fhe received a pair of pantaloons, lefs ufeful to her, according to the cuftoms of the ladies in this country, than the fkin, which ferved to cover the fhoulders. We fhewed her the manner of wearing them ; but, notwithfcanding, it was neceilliry for us, to put them on for her ourfelves-. To this flie yielded with the bell grace in the world, refting both her hands on our fhoulders, to fupport herfelf, while fhe lifted up firft one leg, then the other, to put them into this new garment. Defirous of avoiding every caufc of offence, we behaved with all -the gravity we could on the occafion.
The
Feb.] of la perouse. 3f
This party of favages confifted of two and forty, fcvcn of whom were men, eight women : the refi appeared to be their children ; and among thefe we obferved feveral marriageable girls, ftill lefs clothed than moft of the mothers. We in- ■vdted them all to come and fit near our fire ; and when they arrived there, one of the favages informed us by unequivocal figns, that he had come to reconnoitre us during the night. That we might underftand he had feen us afleep, he inclined his head on one fide, laying it on the palm of his right hand, and clofing his eyes ; and with the other he pointed out the fpot, where we had palled the night. He then acquainted us, by figns equally expreffivc, that he was at the time on the other fide of the brook, whence he obferved us. In fa(5l, one of us had been awaken- ed about the middle of the night by a ruftling among the branches, and had even fancied, that he heard fome broken off: but, being greatly fa- tigued, he had foon fallen afleep again, perfuaded it was a kangarou, that had come to vifit us. Our fire had been a guide to this native, whom the party had fent to reconnoitre us : while wc had llept with the utmoft tranquillity, notwithftand- ing we had been at the mcrpy of tbcfe favages the whole night. One of the men that accom- panied us, then laid, that in tlic evening, at fun-
fet.
38 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l793.
fet, he pcrcciVed fome fmoke on the other fide of the lake, whence he prefumed, that fome of the natives were aflembled there ; but he forgot to mention it to us, when we joined them.
We weredefirous of fliowing thefe favages the efFeds of our fire-arms, after having given them to underftand, that they had nothing to fear. The)* appeared, however, to be a little frightened at their report.
Thefe people have w^oolly hair, and let their beards grow^ Plates VI, \^II, and VIII, will give more accurate ideas of their perfons, and exhibit the charafteriftics that diflinguifli them morp {Irikingl)^ than a long and minute dcfcription. It may be obferved (Plate VII), that in the chil- dren the upper jaw advanced confiderably bejond the lower ; but fmking as they grow up, botli jaws are nearly even in the adult. Their fkin is not of a ver)^ deep black ; but no doubt they con- fider extreme blacknefs as a beauty, for, in order to heighten this colour beyond its natural ftate, they rub themfelves over, particularly on the upper parts of the body, with powdered charcoal.
On their {kin, particularly on the breaft and ftioulders, may be obferved tubercles lymmetri- cally arranged, exhibiting fometimes lines four inches in length, at other times points placed at different diltances. The application, by which
thefe
Feb.] of la perouse. 39
thefe rifings were produced, had not deilroyed the cellular membrane, however, for they were of the fame colour as the reft of the ll^hi.
The cuftom of extracting two of the front teeth of the upper jaw, which, from the accounts of fome voyagers, had been fuppofed general among the inhabitants of this country, certainly has not been introduced into this tribe ; for we did not fee one among them, in whom a fmgle tooth of the upper jaw was wanting ; and indeed they had all very good teeth.
One of the failors, that accompanied us, thought he could not regale them better than with a glafs of brandy : but, accuftomed to drink nothing but water, they quickly fpit it out, and it feemed to have given them a very difagreeable fenfation.
Thefe favages, going completely naked, are liable to wound themfelves, particularly in the lower extremities, when they pafs through the woods. We obferved one, who walked with dif- culty, and one of whofe feet was wrapped up in a piece of Ikin.
I had not perceived the young girls for fome time, and imagined that they had all retired into the woods ; but happening to look behind me, I faw, with furprife, feven who had perched them- fclves on a ftout limb of a tree, more than three
yards
40 t'OTAGE IN SEARCH [^7Q3*
yards from the ground, whence they attentively watched our ifhghteft movements. As they all fquatted on the bough, they formed a plcafmg group.
We were at a coniiderable diftance from the fiiore, where a boat w as to wait for us, to take us on board. It was time for us to be on our way towafd it. We were quitting this peaceable party with re2:ret, when we faw the men and four of the youths feparating from the reft, iii order to accompany us. One of the moft robuft prefently went into the wood, whence he returned almoft inftantly, holding in his hand tw^o long fpears. As he came near, he made figns to us, that wc heed be under no apprehenfions : on the con- trary, it appeared as if he were defirous of proted:- ing us with his arms. No doubt they had left their weapons in the wood, when they came to meet us in the morning, that they might give us no alarm.
The other natives, whom we had juft quitted, approached our party. Immediately on our re- quefting him, who carried the fpears, to give us a fpecimen of his dexterity, he grafped one of them with the right hand near the middle, then railing it as high 'as his head, and holding it hori- zontally, he drew it back toward himfelf three times following with a jerk, which gave it a very
perceptible
Feb.] bF LA PERotrsE. 41
perceptible tremtilous movement at each extre- mity, when he darted it forward near a hundred paces. The weapon, fupported throughout its whole length by the column of air beneath it, flew in a tolerably horizontal dired:ion more than three fourths of the diftance. The tremulous motion imprefled on it contributed, unqueftion- ably, to accelerate its progrefs, and to fupport it longer in the air.
The favage was very ready to gratify our wifhes, by launching his fpear feveral times following. He then aimed at an objeft, which we pointed out to him, and every time was near enough to it, to give us a high idea of his ll^ill. Prefently after another Ihowed us two holes in a kangarou's fkin, which had been made apparently with the point of a fpear, giving us thus to underftand, that they employed this weapon to kill thefe animals. In reality, they launched jt with fufficient force to pierce the animal through and through.
At length we parted with our new guides, whofe pace was fufficiently flow for us to follow them with eafe. It feemed as if they were not accuftomed to take a long walk without inter- ruption : for we had fcarcely been half an hour on our way, before they invited ^s to fit down, faying medi ; and we immediately ftoppedi- This halt lafted but a few ihinutes, when they rofe.
Vol. IL D faying
4.2 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [iTOo.
faying to us tangara, whjch fignifics " let us let off." On this we refumed our journey : and they made us halt again, in the fame manner, four times, at nearly equal diftances.
The attentions lavifhed on us by thefe favages aftonifhed us. If our path were interrupted by heaps of dry branches, fome of them walked be- fore, and removed them to either fide : they even broke off fuch as ftretched acrofs our way. from the trees that had fallen down.
We could not walk on the dry grafs without flipping every moment, particularly where the ground was floping ; but thefe good favages, to prevent our' falling, took hold of us by the arm, and thus fupported us. We found it difficult to perfuade them that none of us w^ould fall, even if imaffifted ; and they continued, neverthelefs, to beftow on us thefe marks of affectionate kind- ncfs : nay, they frequently ftationed themfelves, one on each fide, to fiipport us the better. As they obftinatcly perfifted in paying us this oblig- ing attention, we no longer declined it.
They no doubt conceived it to be our intention to return to Port Dentrccafteaux, for we were twice miftaken in the road, and they both times pointed out to As that w^hich led dircdly to it.
A trifling incident gave us reafon to prefume, that they fometimcs catch birds with their hands.
' . A paroquet.
Feb.] of la perouse. 43
A paroquet, of the fpecies figured in Plate X. which I fhall defcribe prefently, flew by us, and pitched on the ground at a little diftance. Im- mediately two of the young favages fet ofF to catch it, and were on the point of putting theif hands upon it, when the bird took wing.
It may be prefumed, that there are no fnakes at Diemen's Cape, the bite of which is to be dreaded : at leaft, if there be any fuch, the na- tives well know how to difliinguiih them. They pointed out one to us, gliding through the grafs very near them, yet they did not appear to be un- der the leaft appreheniion from it.
At length they brought us near the place, ■wher€ we had anchored the year before. The oldeft of them was very thirfty ; and immediately made one of the youths fetch him an oyfter-lhell, to ferve as a cup, which he emptied feveral times before his thirft was quenched.
As we were very near the garden, which had been formed the preceding year by Citizen La- haye, gardener to the expedition, -we refolved to vifit it, and took the opportunity, when the fa- vages had featcd themfelves. We wiilied to leave them with our two failors, left they fliouid go and do any injury to fuch vegetables as might have fucceeded ; but one of them was refolved to ac- company us. He examined attentively the plants
D 2 in
44 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l793.
in the garden, and pointed them out with his £nger, appearing to diftinguifh them pertedly from their indigenous vegetables. We faw, with regret, that there remained only a fmall number ot cabbages, a few potatoes, fome radilhes, crefles, wild fuccory, and forrel, all in a bad condition : no doubt they would have fucceeded better, had they been fown nearer a rivulet, which we ob- ferved to the weft. I expected to ha\ e found fomc creffes at Icaft fown on its banks ; that I did not muft furely have been owing to forgetfulnefs on the part of the gardener.
Our boat was not yet arrived. We were very defirous that thefe favages fhould have a near view of it ; and we hoped, likewife, to be able to pre- vail on fome of them to go on board with us ; but they were already leaving us to rejoin their families. At our invitation, however, they de- ferred their departure, and we walked together along the beach toward the entrance of the har- bour. Sorhe trees, that lay on the ground along the ihore, gave them an opportunity of difplaying their agility to vis by leaping over them. We were too much fatigued to give them an exhibition of what we were capable of doing ; but I believe, favages as they were, they would have found themfelves excelled by an European tolerably ex- pert at this excrcifc.
As
Feb.] of la perouse. 45
As foon as the boat came, we invited fome of them to go on board her with us. After taking a long while to refolve on it, three of them con- fented to get into the boat ; but it appeared that they had no intention to quit their party, for they got out again in great hafte, as foon as we prepared to pufh off from the fllore.
We then faw them walk with tranquillity along the fea-fide, looking toward us from time to time, and uttering cries of joy. ^
10th. The next day we returned in a large party to thefe favages.
We rowed along the fhore, beyond Port Dentre- cafteaux, for fome time, when a fire we perceived not far from the fea-fide induced us to land.
Some of the natives foon came to m^et us, expreffing by their cries the pleafure they Uilt at feeing us again.
Our mufician had brought on fhore his violin, Imagining that he fliould excite as much enthu- fiafm among them by fome noify tunes, as we had obferved in the iflanders at Bouka ; but his felf-love w^as truly mortified, at the indifference ihown to his performance here. Savages, in ge- . neral, are not very fenfible to the tones of ftringed inftruments.
As we afcended the heights that fkirt the fea, we foon found a party of thofe natives, by whom
D 3 we
40 • VOYAGIi IN S.EARCn [3.7^3. •
we had been fo civilly rccjeivcd the day before. A lively joy was depided on all their features, when they faw us drawing near. There were nineteen of them, round three fmall fires, making their meal on bernacles, which they roalted on the coals, and ate as faft as they were ready. Every now and then fome of the women went to pick 'thefe flicll-fifh from under the neighbouring rocks, and did not return till they had filled their bafkets with them. On the fame fires we ob- ferved them broil that fpecies of fea- wrack, which is called fiicfis palmat7is, and when it wasfoftened to a certain point, they tore it to pieces to eat it. The pains taken by one of the mothers to quiet her infant, yet at the breaft, who cried at the. firft fight of us, appeared to us very engaging. She could not pacify him, till Ihe covered his eyes with her hand, that he might not fee us.
None of thefe people appeared with arms : but, probably, they had left them in the wood near ; for feveral of us having exprefied an intention of going into it, one of the favages urgently entreat- ed them not to go that way. Our people did not pcrfift in it, lefi; they fiiould give them fome caufe of miftrufi: : part of the boat's crew, how- ever, in order to deceive the vigilance ot this ccn- tinel, walked a little way along the fliorc, that they might enter the wood, without being ob-
ferved
Feb.]' of la perouse. ^47
ierved by him ; but no fooner. did one of the wo- men perceive their defign, than Die uttered hor- rible cries, to give notice to tlie other favages, wh^ mtreated them to return toward the fea. ', . We did not know to what to afcribe their re- pugnance for our viands, but they would tafte none that we offered them. They would no^ even fuffer their children to eat the fugar we gave them, being very careful to take it out of their mouths the moment they were going to tafle it. Yet their confidence in us was fo great, that one of the women, who was fuckling a child, was not afraid to entrull it to feveral of us.
1 imagined that thefe people, palTmg moft of their nights in the open air, in a climate of which- the temperature is fo variable, mufl have been fubje(ft to violent inflammations of the eyes : yet all of them appeared to have their fight very good, one only excepted, who had a catarad:.
Some of them fat on kangarou's fkins, and fome others had a little pillow, which they called roere, near a quarter of a yard long, and covered with fkin, on which they refhed one of their el- bows.
We obferved with furprize the fmgular pof- ture of the women, when they fit on the ground. Though for the moil part they are entirely naked, it appears to be a point of decorum with thefe
D 4 ladies.
48 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l793.
ladies, as they iit with their knees afunder, to cover with one foot, what modefly bids them con- ceal in that fituation.
Thefe people fecmed to be Co near!) in a ftatq of nature, that their moft trifling actions appeared to me worthy of obfervation. I fhall not pais over in filence, therefore, the correction a father gave one of his children, for having thrown a ftone at the back of another younger than him- felf : it was merely a light flap on the fhoulder, which made him fhed tears, and prevented his doing fo again.
The painter to the expedition expreiTed to thefc favages a wiili of having his fkin covered like theirs with the powder of charcoal. His requeft, as might naturally be fuppofed, was favourably received ; and immediately one of the natives fe- led:ed fome of the moft friable coals, which he ground to powder by rubbing them between his hands. This powder he applied to all the parts of the body that were uncovered, employing no- thing to make it adhere befide the rubbing of the hand, and our friend Piron was prefently as black as a New-Hollander. The favage appeared highly fatisfied with his performance, which he finifhed by gently blowing off the duft that adhered very {lightly, taking particular care to remove all that might have gotten into tlie eyes.
When
Feb.] of tA >EiiOTJSE. -i'O .
When we departed for Port Dentrecafteaux, more than half thefe peaceable natives rofe to accompany us. Four young girls alfo were of ^e party, who received with indifference the garments we gave them, and, that they might not be encumbered with an ufelefs burden, im- mediately hung them on the bufhes near the path, intending, no doubt, to take them with them on their return. As a proof that they fet little va- lue on fuch prefents, we did not fee on any of them one of the garments that we h^d given them the day before. Three of thefe young wo- men were marriageable, and all of them were of very cheerful difpofitions. In one of them it was obferved that the right brcaft had acquired its full fize, while the left was ftill perfedliy flat. This temporary deformity had no effe<5l on the liveli- nefs of her manner. They feveral times ran races on the fhore, which was very fmooth, and fome of us endeavoured to catch them ; when we had the pleafure to fee, that Europeans could frequently run better than thefe favages.
The men followed with a grave pace, each carrying his hands refting one againfl: the other upon his loins ; or fometimes the left hand paffing behind the back, and grafping the right arm about the middle.
No doubt we loft much by not underftanding
the
^fO V,(>;^;AG:E,>K ^EiARCH [1795;.
the language of thcfc natives, for one of the girls faid a great deal to us ; file talked a long w hilc with extraordinary volubility;' though llie muft have perceived that we could not comprehend her meaning ; no matter, flie muft talk.
The others attempted more than once to charm us by fongs, with the modulation of which I was Angularly ftruck, from the great analogy of the tunes to thole of the Arabs in Afia Minor. Seve- ral times two of them fung the fame tune at once, but always one, a third, above the other, forming a concord with the grcatefl juftnefs.
Aiiiid thcfe fands grew a fpecics of ficoides, in almoil: every point refembling the juefcmhry anther- nmm cdule, or eatable fig-marigold of the Hotten- tots. It differed completely in the colour of the flowers, indeed, which were red, while thofe of the fi^r-mariffold of the Hottentots are vellow ; but it bore fruit like it, much refembling in fla- A'our a very ripe apple. This fruit is a delicacy among the New-Hollanders, who feek for it with care, and eat it as foon as they find it.
During this long walk, fomc of our compa- . nions took us by the arm from time to time to- aflill us.
One of the young girls having perceived at a diflance a head, which the gunner of the Efpc- rance had carved on the Hump of a tree, appear- ed
Feb.] of la peroijse. 51
ed at firit; extremely furprized, and ftopped fliort for a moment. She then went up to it with us, and;, after having confidcred it attentively, named to us the different parts, pointing them out at the fame time with the hand.
Soon after we arrived at the entrance of Port Dentrecafteaux.
Two of the young girls followed the different windings of the fiiore without miftrilll, at a dis- tance from the other natives, with three of our failors, when thefc took the opportunity of one of the moft retired places, to treat them with a de- gree of freedom, which was received in a very dif- ferent manner from what they had hoped. The young women immediately fled to the rocks moft advanced into the fea, and appeared ready to leap into it, and Iwim away, if our men had followed them. They prefently repaired to the place, where we v*ere alTembled with the other favages ; but it feems they did not d'liclofe this adventure, for the moft perfe(^ harmony conti- nued to prevail between us.
Wifliing to know whether thefc ijflanders wefe C!xpert fwimmers, one of our officers jumped into the water, and dived feveral times ; but it was in vain that he invited them to follow his example. They are very good divers, however, as we had afterwards an opportunity of feeing, for it is by
diving
52 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l703.
diving they procure a confiderable part of their food. We invited them to eat v^^ith us fome oyf- ters and lobfters, which we had jufh roafled on the coals; but they all refufed, one excepted, who tafted a lobfter. At firft we imagined that it was yet too ear)y for their meal-time ; but in this we were miftaken, for it was not long before they took their repaft. They themfelves, how- ever, drefled their food, which was fhell-fifh of the fame kinds, but much more roafted than what we had offered them.
We obferved fome of the favages employed in cutting little bits of wood in the form of a fpatula, and fmoothing them with a fhell, for the purpofe of feparating from the rocks limpets and fea-ears, on which they feaft as they get ready.
The time for our returning on board arrived, but none of the natives would accompany us, they all leaving us, and retiring into the woods.
1 1th. The engineer- geographer of the Re- cherche went in the barge on the 1 1th in the morning, to examine the extent of the vaft bay that h at the entrance of Dentrecafteaux ftrait. For this ftrait we were foon to fet fail.
In the courfe of the day we quitted all the places we had occupied on fliore during our ftay in Rocky Bay. The repairs of both veflels were finiihed. The trial made the year before of tlie
wood
Feb.] of la perouse. 5Z
wood of the eucalyptus globulus, induced our car- penters to employ it in preference to the other fpecies of the fame genus.
For my part I entered into the thick woods to the north -weft of us. Several fpecies of fhrubs, of the piftada family, grow under the fhade of the large trees ; and the^^^^r^ evod'ta diftinguilh- ed itfelf by its beautiful foliage. In thefe gloomy places the eye refted with pleafure on the car- podontos lucida, the branches of which were quite covered with fine white flowers. • As I advanced toward the fouth-weft, I croiTed fome open fpots, where I killed a beautiful fpecies of paroquet, which I diftinguifh by the name of the black-fpotted paroquet of Diemen's Cape (See Plate X.). I had already met with it in fe- veral other places, but always fuch as were low, and deftitute of covert. Very different from the known fpecies of the fame genus, it does not perch, for 1 uniformly obferved it rife from among the grafs, on which it almoft immediately fettled again. The fhape of the feet, which are furnifhed with very long claws but little curved, fufHciently indicate the manners of the bird. Its plumage is green, fpotted with black ; fome of the fpots be- ing furrounded with little yellowifh bands. The under part of the wings is afhen-grey, with a broad band of pale yellow. Under the belly the
black
54 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l79^.
black and yellow predominate. The under fea- thers of the tail are remarkable for tranfverfc bands, alternately black and pale yellow. A few imall reddiih feathers are obfervable at the bafc of the beak at the upper part of the fuperior mandible.
1 2th. The next day a great number of us, from both fhips, landed near Port Dcntrecaftcaux, to endeavour to fee the favages again. It was not long before fome of them came to meet us, giving us tokens of the greateft confidence. They firft examined with great attention the infides of our boats, and then they took us by the arm, and invited us to follow them along the ihore.
We had fcarcely gone a mile before we found ourfelves in the midft of eight-and-forty of the natives ; ten men, fourteen women, and twenty- four children, among whom we obferved as many girls as boys. Seven fires were burning, and round each was aflembled a little family.
The leafl of the children, frightened at the iight of fuch a number of Europeans, immedi- ately took refuge in the arms of their mothers, •who laviflied on them marks of the greateft ai- fedion. The fears of the children were foon removed ; and they fliowed lis, that they were not exempt from little paffions, whence arofe differences, to which the mothers almoft imme-
diatelv
Feb.] of la perousk. S5
dlately put an end by flight correction ; but they foon found it necelTary to ftop their tears by ca- refles.
Wc knew already that thefe favages had little tafte for the viohn ; but we flattered ourfelvcs that they would not be altogether infenfible to its tones, if lively tunes, and very diftin6t in their meafure, were played. At firft they left us in doubt for fome time; on which our muiician redoubled his exertions, in hopes of obtaining their applaufe ; but the bow dropped from his hand, when he beheld the whole alTcmbly flop- ping their cars with their fingers, that they might hear no more.
Thefe people are covered with vermin. We admired the patience of a mother, who was a long while eiriployed in freeing one of her chil- dren from them ; but we obferved with difguft that, like moft of the blacks, fhe cruflied theie filthy infed:s between her teeth, and then fwal- ^ lowed them. It is to be remarked, that apes have the fame cuftom.
The little children were very defirous of every thing fliining, and were not afraid to come up to us, to endeavour to pull off our buttons. Their mothers, lefs curious with refpcCl to their own drefs than that of their- children, held them to
us,
■50 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l7Q3,
US, that wc might decorate them with the orna- ments which we had intended for themfelves.
I ought not to omit a waggilh trick, which a young favage played one of our people. The failor had laid down a bag full of fhell-fifh at the foot of a rock : the youth flily removed it to an- other place, and let him learch for it a long time in vain ; at length he replaced it where the failor had left it, and was highly diverted with the trick he had played him.
This numerous party was tranfported with ad- miration, when they faw the eiFe^ls of gunpow- der thrown on the burning coals. They all in- treated us to let them have the pleafure of feeing it feveral times.
Not being able to perfuade themfelves that we had none but men among us, they long be- lieved, notwithftanding all we could fay, that the youngeft of us were women. Their curiofity on this head carried them further than we fhould have expedled, for they were not to be convinced, till they had aflured themfelves of the fad:.
The women have adopted a mode which I imagine our belles will never imitate, though it occafions the difappearance of a coniidcrable part of the wrinkles that pregnancy occafions. They have the ikin of the abdomen marked with three
large
Feb.] of la perouse. , 57
large femicircuiar rifings, one above the other : whether from coquetry, or not, would be difficult to determine.
One of the favages had feveral marks of very- recent burns on the head* Perhaps they employ the actual cautery in many difeafes, which is an eftablifhed pradlice among various other people, and particularly among moft of the Indians.
About noon we faw them prepare their repaft* Hitherto we had but a faint idea of the pains the women take to procure the food requifite for the fubfiftcnce of their families. They took each a bafket, and were followed by their daughters, who did the fame. Getting on the rocks, that prbjetfled into the fea, they plunged from them to the bottom in fearch of fhell-fifh. When they had been down fome time, we became very un- eafy on their account ; for where they had dived were fea- weeds of great length, among which We obferved the fucus pyrlferus, and we feared that they might have been entangled in thefe, {o as to be unable to regain the furface. At length, however, they appeared, and convinced us that they were capable of remaining under water twice as long as our ableft divers. An inftant was fuffi- cient for them to take breath, and then they dived again. This they did repeatedly, till their bafkets were nearly fuU. Moft of them were Vol. II. E providecj,
as VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l7Q3^.
provided with a little bit of wood, cut into the fhape of a fpatula, of which 1 fpoke above ; and with thefe they feparated from beneath the rocks, at great depths, very large fea-ears. Perhaps they choofe the biggefl, for all they brought were of a great fize.
On feeing the large lobfters, which they had in their bafkets, we were afraid that they mufh have wounded thefe poor women terribly with their large claws ; but we foon found, that they had taken the precaution to kill them as foon as they caught them. They quitted the water only- to bring their hufbands the fruits of their labour ; and frequently returned almoft immediately to their diving, till they had procured a fufficient meal for their families. At other times they ftaid a little while to warm themfelves, with their faces toward the fire on which their fiili was roafling, and other tittle fires burning behind them, that they might be warmed on all fides at once.
It feemed as if they were unwilling to lofc a moment's time, for while they were warming themfelves, they were employed in roafling fifli ; fome of which they laid on the coals with the utmofl caution : though they took little care of the lobflers, which they threw any where into the fire, and when they were ready, .they divided the
claws
Feb.] of la perouse. 5#
claws among the men and children, referving the body for themfelves, which they fometimes ate before they returned into the water.
It gave us great pain to fee thefe poor women! condemned to fuch fevere toil ; while, at the fame time, they ran the hazard of being devoured by lliarks, or entangled among the weeds that rife from the bottom of the fea. We often intreated their hufbands to take a ihare in their labour at leaft, but always in vain. They remained con- ftantly near the fire, feafting on the beft bits, and eating broiled fucus, or fern-roots. Occafionally they took the trouble to break boughs of trees into lliort pieces, to feed the fire, taking care to choo/e the drieft. From their manner of breaking them, we found that their fkulls muft be very hard ; for, taking hold .of the fticks at each end with the; hand, they bent them over their heads, as we do at the knee, till they broke. Their heads being conftantly bare, and often expofed to all w eathers, in this high latitude, acquire a capacity of refift- ing fuch efforts : befides, their hair forms a cufhion, which diminifhes the preffure, and renders it much lefs painful on the fiimmit of the head, than on any other part of the body. ¥tw of the women, however, could have done as much ; for fome had their hair cut pretty fhort, and wore a firing fevcral times round the head, others had
E 2 only
60 VOTAGE IN SEARCH [1793.
only a fimple crown of hair. (See Plates IV, and V.) We made the fame obfcrvation with rcfpedl to fcveral of the children, but none of the men. Thefe had the back, brcaft, lliouldcrs, and arms, covered with downy hair.
Two of the ftouteft of the party were fitting in the midft of their children, and each had two women by his fide. They informed us by figns, that thefe were their wives, and gave us a frcfli proof that polygamy is eftabliflied among them. The other women, who had only one hufband, were equally careful to let us know it. It would be difficult to fay which are the happieft ; as the moft laborious of their domeftic occupations de- volve upon them, the former had the advantage of a partner in them, which perhaps might fuf- ficiently compenfate their having only a fliare in their hufband's affections.
Their meal had continued a, long time, and we were much furprized that not one of thcni had yet drank : but this they deferred, till they were fully fat^sfied with eating. The women and girls then went to fetch water with the vcf- fels of fea-weed, of which I have already fpoken, getting it at the firft. place they came to, and fct- ting it down by the men, who drank it without ceremony, though it was very muddy and llag- nant. Then they finiilicd their rcpalL
When
iii
c.
"T
EV^'
^^!
^^l-»'is,-^?<^
? "t? ■* '^
pi
^''"f^^"
Feb.] • OF LA PEROITSE. 61
When we returned toward Port Dentre- cafteaux, moft of the favagcs accompanied us ; and before they left us, they gave us to under'- ftand, that, in two days, by proceeding along the Ihore, they lliould be very near our fhips. To inform us that they Ihould make this journey in two days, they pointed out with their hands the diurnal motion of the fun, and exprefled the num- ber two by as many of their fingers.
When we re -embarked to go on board, thefe good people followed us with their eyes for fome time, before they left the lliore, and then they difappeared in the woods. Their way brought them at times to the ihore again, of which we were immediately informed by the cries of joy, with which they made the air refound. Thefc teftimonies 'of pleafure did not ceafe till we loft fight of them from the diftancc.
Durmg the whole time we fpent with them, nothing appeared to indicate that they had any chiefs. Each family, on the contrary, feemed to us, to live in perf<!(^ independence : though we obferved in the children the greateft fubor- dination to their parents, and in the women the fame to their hufbands. It appeared, that the women were careful to avoid giving their huf- bands any occafion for jealoufy : though, when we returned on board, one of the crew boafted of
E 3 the
03 VOYAGE I^' SEAUCH [l 793.
the favours he had received from one of the beau- ties of .Gape Dicmen ; but it is difficult to fay, how f^r his ftory was founded on truth. ' " iSth. -On the 24th I made an excurfion to the fouth-ealjt, where I found an opportunity of add- ing to the obfervations 1 had already made re- fped:ing the different produ(5lions of the country. 14th. The next day every thing was ready for our departure, and we waited only for a fair wind to fet fail : but being delayed by a calm, we faw with pleafure, that the favages, who, at our iaft interview, had promifed to come near our an- choring-place within two days, had kept their w^ords. In fad:, a little before noon we perceived a fire not far from our watering-place ; and there could be no doubt that it was kindled by them, as all our crew were on board. A great num- ber of us immediately repaired in feveral boats to the place of rendezvous. It was the firft time that General Dentrecafleaux had the pleafure of feeing any of the natives. They foon quitted their fire, and proceeded fbr fome time through the paths made in the wood along the fhore, in order to come flill nearer to us. We went to meet them ; and when we were near them they ftopped, appearing well pleafed at feeing us come afhore. There were five of them. One of them carried a piece of decayed wood in his hand,
lighted
Feb.] of la perouse. -65
lighted at one end, and burning flowly. He ufed this kind of match in order to keep fire, and amufed himfelf now and then with fetting it to a tuft, where there were fome very dry herbs. The others being invited by fome of our crew to dance in a ring with them, imitated all thek movements tolerably well. We made them pre- fents of a great number of things, which they let us hang round their necks with firings, and foon they were almofl. covered with them, apparently to their great fatisfadion : but they gave us no- thing, for they had brought nothing with them, probably that they might walk with the more facility.
A native, to whom we had juft given a hatchet, difplayed great dexterity at flriking feveral times following in the fame place, thus attempting to imitate one of our failors, who had cut down a tree. We fhowxd him that he mufl flrike in different places, fo as to cut out a notch, which he did immediately, and was tranfported with joy when the tree was- felled by his flrokes. They were aflonifhed at the quicknefs with which we fawed the trunk in two ; and we made them a prefent of fome hand-faws, which they ufed with ffreat readinefs, as foon as we had fhown them the way.
From the manlier in which we had feen them E 4 procure
dt VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l793'
procure fifh, we had reafon to prefumc that they had no fifh-hooks : accordingly we gave them fome of ours, and taught them how to ufc them, congratulating ourfelves at having fupplicd them with the means of diminifliing one of the moft fatiguing employments of the women.
Thefe favages were much furprifcd at feeing us kindle the fpongy bark of the eucalyptus rejini-' fera in the focus of a burning glafs. He who appeared the moll intelligent among them, defir- ous of trying the effedls of the lens himfclf, threw the converging rays of the fun upon his thigh by its means ; but the pain he felt, took from him all inclination of repeating the experi- ment.
We let one of the natives fee our fliips through a good perfpcd;ive-glafs, and he foon yielded to our folicitations, to go on board the Kecherche in one of our boats. He \vent up the fide with an air of confidence, and examined the infide of the Ihip with much attention. His looks were then directed chiefly to fuch objeds as might fervc for food. Led by the fimilitude in lliape, between the black fvvans of Cape Piemen and the gcefe of Guinea, which he faw on board, he aflied for one, giving us to underftand that it was to eat. When he came oppofite to our hen-; coops, he appeared ilruck with the beauty of a
very
Peb.] of la perouse. 6^5
very large cock, which was prefented to him ; and on receiving it he let iis know, that he would lofe no time in broiling and eating it. After having remained on board more than half an hour, and been loaded with prefents, he defired to return, and was immediately carried afliore. We had taken an ape on fhorc with us, which afforded much amufement to the favagcs ; and one of the crew took a goat with him, which formed a fubjecfl of converfation for them a long time, and to which they occafionally ipoke, fay- ing, fnedi (fit down).
They have given particular names to every vegetable. We affured ourfelves, that their bo- tanical knowledge was unequivocal, by afking feveral of them, at different times, the names of the fame plants.
In this interview we had an opportunity of adding confiderably to the vocabulary of their language, which we had before begun to colle(5l, and which will be found at the end of this work. On comparing it with the vocabulary, which feveral voyagers have given us, of the language of the people on the eaftern coaft of New Holland, it will be feen, that it has no affinity with them ; which proves, that all thefe people have not one common origin.
The ravage ;^ who had been on board our vefTel,
was
66 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l793r,
was not long before he quitted iis, exprefTing much gratitude, and pointing to the cock, which he took upon one of his fhouldcrs.
The reft, before they went away, gave us to underftand, that the next day their famihes would be at the place where we were ; but they ap- peared to apprehend our meaning, when we ac- quainted them that we fliould fail the fame day, and feemed to be much grieved at it.
Our obfervatory, erected to the fouth fouth- eail of the place where we lay at anchor, and a little more than half a mile diftant from it, was in latitude 43° 34' 37'' fouth, and longitude 144° 37' eaft.
A great number of obfervations made on board gave us for the variation of the needle 7° 34' eaft, while at the obfervatory wc found only 2^ 55' eaft variation. A difference fo great muft un- queftionably have arifen from fomc magnetic point ; befides, we had already found indications of ferruginous fubftances at a very little diftance from the place. It is remarkable that, at the obfervatory of the Efperance, which was about fix hundred yards only from that of the Re- cherche, the variation of the needle was 8° eaft, W6^ fatisfied ourfelves that this difference was not owing to the compaffes ufed, for we found it the fame when we made an exchange be- tween
Feb.] of la perouse. 67-
tween them, by removing them from one obfer- vatory to the other.
The dip of the needle was 72° at the obfer- vatory of the Recherche, and 71" at that of the Efperance.
During our {lay in Rocky Bay, the winds va- ried from north- weft to fouth-weft, and fre- quently in heavy fqualls. The fky was fcldom cldar, but we had little rain.
The tides were perceptible only once in twxnty- four hours. As the wind influenced them much, we could not determine with precifion the time of high-water at the full and change of the moon. ■ Their greateft perpendicular rife w^as only five feet, or a little more.
During this ftay, our failors loft much of their ardour for fifhing ; for this laborious occupation, in which they were employed chiefly by night, did not exempt them from the duties of the lliip in the day ; fo that, after having fitten up to fifli, they were obliged to work all day, as well as thofe who had enjoyed their regular fleep in the night. Care fliould have been taken, however, not to damp the zeal of our hftiers, for it was an obje<5l of general importance to all, to procure an ample fupply of frefli provifion ; befides, it was unjuft not to allow at leaft a few hours reft in the day to men, who had been fpending the
night
C8 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [1/^3,
Tiij^ht in procuring agreeable and falubrlous food for all the reft of the crew.
We fet afliorc here a ihe-goat and a young he- goat, in hopes of naturalizing thefe animals in New Holland, as they could not fail to thrive on the mountains at this extremity of the country, and prove at fome future period a great refource to navigators : it is only to be feared, that the favages may deftroy them, before they have had time to propagate their breed.
»9^c.»«
CHAP. XI.
Departure from Rocky Bay to pafs tlirougli Dentre- cafteaux Strait — The Ships run aground m this
' Strait — Various Kxcurjjons into the neighhour- ing Country — Interview with the Natives — They had left their lFeap07is in the Woods y and rcfumed them 071 their Return — W^e anchor iji Adventure Bay.
]5th FEBRUARY.
AT day-break we fet fail from Rocky Bay with a fouth-weft wind, and fteered eaft- north-eaft till wx reached its mouth, intending to caft anchor in Dentrccafteaux Strait.
Some of the natives gave us notice of their
prefence
Feb.] of la perouse. 60
prefence by feveral fires, which they had lighted on the ea{le^^ coaft.
We had already crolTed the great road, which is at the beginning of the Strait, and were run- ning along \xry clofe to the larboard Ibore, when about half after one, P. M. we ftruck on a fmaii Ihoal, confifting of fand mixed with mud. The ebb had juft begun to fet the current againft us ; and the tide falling lower and lower, we were obliged to wait till half after fix for high water, to iet us afloat again. The Efperance had gotten ftill deeper in the fand than we, for ihe was not able to get off till near dight o'clock.
Our boat, which had been fcnt off five' days before, returned, after having difcovered feterai very deep creeks, that formed excellent anchor- ing places, but without finding any river. It is remarkable, that all we had feen at Cape Die- men were fmall, which indicates a very broken country.
The boat was laden with black fwans, lliot by our people, w^hom they futFered to come very near them. It was .not ealy to get thofe that had been merely wounded ; for, as they could ftili fwim with great fpeed, it was necefiary to row hard, to catch them even then.
iOth. During the whole night we faw feveral
fires.
70 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l 7Q3.
£res, which the natives had kindled on the bor- ders of the fea toward the fouth-fouth-caft, near two miles from the place where we had anchored.
We hoped that a fair w4nd would have allowed ws to fet fail again in the morning ; but the wind proving contrary, the General determined that he would remain at anchor till the next day. Accordingly we went afhore toward the fouth- eaft, on fome low ground, whence it w^as eafy to reach Adventure Bay in a Ihort time.
Among the different fhrubs that conftitute the ornaments of thefe places, I fhall mention one, which I refer to the genus, that I have already' defcribed under the name of ma%eiitoxero7i. It agrees with this genus in all its chara(5ters ; only the petals, which are diftind: at the bafe, adhere together at the middle of their edges, but they may be Separated without breaking thcm^ The ftyle is Umplcand acute.
To this new fpccies I give the name of nia- "zeutoxeron reflexum, on account of its leaves, which are- inclined toward the ground. They are hairy and whitifli beneath.
The flowers are grecnifh, folitary, and iifue out between two fmall oval leaves : toward the middle of the peduncle they have two filiform appendices a little larger than the calyx.
Explanation
t.'i%i'2:^<'<<^w^>w? A ejr/eac/<?n
J'eb.] of la pe^quse./ 71
Explanation of the Figures, Plate XIX,
Fig. 1. A branch. Fig. 2. The flower. Fig. 3. The corolla.
Fig. 4. The corolla difplayed, to fhow how the petals adhere together laterally.
Fig. 5. The calyx, with the ftamens and ger- men, the corolla having been removed.
Fig. 0. The capfule, beneath which the calyx is feen.
Fig. 7. One of the valves of the capfule. Citizen Beaupre, engineer geographer, fet ofF in the evening, in the General's barge, for the great creek, which we had perceived the preceding year to the north, in failing outofDentrecafteaux Strait. The principal object was, to afcertaiii whether it had any opening that communicated with the main fea, and whether the ifland of Maria was really feparated from the land of New Holland ; for this had not been fufficiently re- folved by Marion, or even by Captain Cook.
The wind continuing to the north all the 1 7th, prevented our weighing anchor, and we went afliore, while our fijQiers proceeded tow^ard the mouth of the ftrait. The flood brought in with it a confiderable quantity of fifli, and they caught feveral fpecies of ray of a lai:^e fize.- Some were
found
72 VOYAGfi IN SfiAtlCH [l79'^»
found to weigh upwards of two hundred and ilxty pounds.
We got under way the ne^t morning ; but the "wind was too faint, to enable us to ftem the cur- rent, which fet againll us, fo that we quickly let go our anchor again.
Toward noon fome of the natives appeared on the eaftern fhore, about half a mile from our fliip. Some others foon joined them ; and we could count as many as ten, when they kindled a fire, and feated themfclvcs round it. From time to time they anfwered with fliouts of joy the fhouts of our failors. We haftened on fliore in a larire party, to have a nearer view of them ; and when we were but a little way from the beach, they advanced toward us without arms, their fmiling countenances leaving us no room to doubt that our vifit gave them pleafure. They were as defti- tute of clothes as thofe whom we had feen in the neighbourhood of Port Dentrecafleaux ; but we were much furprifed to fee moft of them holding the extremity of the prepuce with the left hand ; no doubt from a bad habit, for we did not ob- ferve any thing of the kind among fom.e others, who foon after joined them. Their joy was ex- prelfed by loud burfts of laughter ; at the fame time they carried their hands to their heads, and made a quick tapping with their feet on the
ground.
Feb.] of la perouse. 73
ground, while their countenances iliowed, that they were well pleafed to fee us.
We invited them to fit down, fpcaking in the language of the other natives, whom we had al- ready met with at this extremity of New Hol- land ; and they underftood us very well, immedi- ately acceding to our invitation. They under- ftood likewife the other words of the language of thefe people, which we had coUe^ed from them, and we had no doubt, that they fpoke the fame tongue : yet Anderfon has given to the public fome words of the language of the people of Adventure Bay, which have no fimilitude to thofe, that we had an opportunity of acquiring and verifying.
Thefe favages expreiled much thankfulnefs, when wc gave them a few fmall pieces of ftulfs of different colours, glafs beads, a hatchet, and fome other articles of hardware.
Several other favages came out of the wood, and approached us. There was no woman among them, but there were fome young men. Among thefe was one of the middle fize, whofe figure, which we all admired, was very finely pro- portioned, even in the judgment of our painter. From his drefs we prefumed this favage to be a New Holland beau : he was tatooed with great
Vol. II , F fymmetry.
74 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [j 7Q3.
iymmctry, and his hair, plaftered with grcafe, was well powdered with" ochre.
One of the natives gave us to underftand, that he had feen veflels in Adventure Bay before : probably he fpoke of Bligh, who had anchored there in the beginning of 17Q2, as we learned fome days after from feveral infcriptions, which we found carved on the trunks of trees.
An officer belonging to our fhip imagined, that he ftiould itot frighten them, by letting them fee the efFe6ts of our fire-arms : but as moft of them were not previouily informed of his defign, they were alarmed at the report of the gun, immedi- ately rofc, and w^ould not fit down again. Sup- pofmg their w^ves and children were retired to a little diftance in the wood, we expreffed to them our wilhes to fee them join us ; and the favagcs informed us that we fhould find them, after Vv'alking fome time acrofs the wood in a path, which led toward the fouth-fouth-weft, and which they immediately took, inviting us to fol- low them. This we did : but it was not long before they expreifed their defire to fee us return toward our fhips, and parted from us, frequently looking back to watch our motions.
On my pronouncing tlie word q-iiafigha, how- ever, which fignifies, in their language, will you
comcj
Feb.] of la perouse, 75
come, they flopped, and I went up to them with one of the officers of the Recherche. They con- tinued to lead us along the fame path, which appeared much frequented, and we walked flowly, that our people might have time to join uS. In this way we walked on for a quarter of an hour, holding them by the arm, v»hen on a fudden they quickened their pace, fo that it was not eafy foi: us to follow them farther. It appeared to us, that they wifhed we fhould leave them, for fo-me of them would not allow us to hold them by the arm any longer, and walked by themfelves, at ibme diftancc from us. One of our crew, de- firous of rejoining one of the fugitives, ran after him, bawling out with all his might ; and this alarmed all the reft, who immediately haftened away, and kept at a confiderable diftance from us. No doubt they were defirous to reach the place where they had depodted their weapons un- accompanied ; for, after having again quickened their pace, they ftruck out of the path a little, and prefently we faw them with three or four fpears each, which they carried away, moft of them proceeding toward Adventure Bay, whil© others took their courfe to the weft. They then invited us to follow them ; but we were not willing to go any farther, tor we had no defire • F 2 to
76 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l/QS.
to imitate them in their courfe, and befidcs it was time for us to return on board.
Thefe natives appeared to us to have the greateft refemblance to thofe whom we had feen a few days before ; only we obferved fome, in whom one of the middle teeth of the upper jaw- was wanting, and others in whom both were gone. We could not learn the objed. of this cuftom ; but it is not general, for the greater part of the people had all their teeth.
They appeared to be equally ignorant with the others of the ufe of the bow.
Almoft all of them were tatooed with raifed points, fometimes placed in two lines, one over the other, much in the fhape of a horfe-fhoe ; though frequently thefe points were in three flraight and parallel lines on each fide of the breaft: fome were obferved, too, toward the bottom of the Ihoulder blades, and in other places.
In many the navel appeared puffed up, and very prominent, but we affured ourfelves, that this deformity was not occafioned by a hernia. Perhaps it is owing to the too great diftance from the abdomen, at which the umbilical cord is fe- parated.
They acquainted us that they lived upon fifh,
as
Feb.] of la perouse. 77
as well as the other inhabitants of Cape Diemen : yet I muil obferve, that we did not fee a fingle perfon who had the leaft trace of any difeafe of the fkin ; which by no means agrees with the opinion of thofe, w^ho maintain, that ichthy- ophagi are fubjed: to a ipecies of leprofy. Hifto- rians even aifert, that fuch of the Greeks as would not adopt in Egypt the regimen prefcribed by Orpheus, were attacked by the elephantiafis.
Soon alter ilin-fet wc arrived on board ; w^hen, the wind having become fair, we weighed, and proceeded two leagues farther, where we dropped anchor again.
1 Qth. The next morning we got up our anchor pretty early, but were obliged to let it go again almoft immediately, as the wind became foul.
I then landed on the eaftern fhore, whence I penetrated into the woods, taking paths much fre- quented by the favages. It w^as not long before I perceived a new fpecies of exocarpos, which I call exocarpos expanfa, becaufe its branches fpread much wider from each other than thofe of the exocarpos cuprejjiformls. Its fruit is larger than that of the latter fpecies.
Two guns from the Recherche informed us, that fhe was preparing to get up her anchor, and immediately we repaired on board. By five o'clock we were under fail, but the breeze was fo faint,
F 3 that
78 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l703.
that wc had made little way when night came. From the place where wc came to an anchor we reckoned now we had not above a couple of leagues to the extremity of the ftrait : but we were fo delayed by the winds and currents, that it was four days longer, before we could clear it.
In this interval the barge, which the General had difpatched for the purpofe of making geo- graphical rcfearches, returned after live days ab- fence. Citizen Beaupre had difcoTcred feveral bays before unknown : the fartheft to the north extended to 42'" 42^ of S, lat., and the eaftcrn- moft reached to the longitude of Cape Pillar. He had feen the channel, which feparatts the Ifland of Maria from the main land.
It was with aftonilhment w^e faw the prodi- gious number of iheltered fituations, which, from Cape South to the meridian of Cape Pillar, offer a continued chain of excellent anchoring places, in a fpace including about fixteen leagi^es from €aft to weft, and about tw^enty from north to fbuth.
Frefh water appears to be very fcarce in thefe bays at this feafon : yet near the head of that, which ftretches fartheft to the north, there is a river, where, about fifty paces diftant from its raouth, there is perfed:ly frefh water of the depth of fix feet, even within an hour after flood-tide ;
for
Feb. J OF LA PEROUSE. f§
for its current is fufficicntly rapid to repel the water of the fea, and prevent its minghng with the ftream.
On the 24th, about half after eleven in the morning, we anchored in Adventure Bay, iri eleven fathoms water, on a bottom of mud mixed with a fmall portfon of fand.
The neareft ihore bore from us fouth-eaft, diftant five furlongs, and Penguin Ifland liorth dl^'eaft. .' //
Immediately a boat was diipatched, to fee whe- ther it were eafy to furnifli ourfelves with water tovk^ard the north-weft, at the place pointed but by Captain Cook, in the plan which he his given of this bay. The eaft-fouth-eaft winds, however, occafioned a very troublefome furf there, which induced us to prefer a place to the fouth-eaft ; but we found that the water procured there was a little brackilh ; which proved, that it was taken from a place too low, and too near the fea.
This bay being open to the eaft and Ibuth-eaft winds, they fometimes occaiion a heavy fweli on the weftern Ihore, which, tending thither from all fides, render it fomewhat difficult to land.
During the time we remained at anchor, I made excurfions into the adjacent country every
F 4 day ;
80 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l/QS.
day ; but I found little to add to the numerous articles I had colle(5led at Cape Diemen.
Penguin Ifland, which I vifited, is nothing but a hill, fcarcely feparated from the great ifland, for at low water I croiTed the channel between them almoft dry-fhod. It confifls of a dark gray landftone, the fame as forms great part of the borders of Adventure Bay. To the fouth it is overtopped by Fluted Cape, which is formed of a reddifh fandftone, difpofed in parallel ftrata per- pendicular to the horizon. The difference of tint in thefe flrata exhibit at a diftance the ap- pearance of deep flutings, which has given oc- cafion to its name. It muft be from an error of the prefs, that it is faid Anderfon found this cape to confift of a white fandftone.
On Penguin Ifland I found a new fpecles of flate, remarkable for its large laminae of a light lawn colour ; an eucalyptus of a moderate height, which may readily be diftinguifhed by its op- pofite, feffile leaves, of a whitifli green colour, with a flight tint of blue (glauquesj ; an embo- thriiim, with leaves very deeply indented ; fevera} fine fpecies oi ph'dadelphnSy the flowers of which have no fmell, &c.
We found a raft, which the waves had thrown upon the wcftern Ihore of Adventure Bay. Per- haps
Feb.] of la perpuse. 81
haps it had ferved to bring fome favages into this bay from the ifland of Maria. It was made of the bark of trees ; in fhape nearly rcfemUing that which is reprefented in Plate XLVI. fig. 2, being as broad, but not fo long by more than a third. The pieces of bark, that compofed it, Avcre of the fame ftru6lure as that of the eucalyptus re- Jin'ifera, but its leaves were much thinner. Thefe pieces had been held together by cords, made of the leaves of grafles, forming a texture of very larse mefhes, mofh of which had the form of a pretty regular pentagon.
Juft by we faw fome limefiione rocks, bounding an extenfive fandy Ihore. On its borders we found the remains of a place which had been made by Europeans for fa wing wood, the pegs they had ufed for eredling a tent, and fome large logs, on which, it appeared to us, they had placed inftruments for making aftronomical obferva- tions.
The fteep hills, which ikirt the fandy fliore a littk farther to the north, had in them caves, which appeared pretty much frequented by the natives, to judge by the black colour they had re- ceived from fmoke, and the fhells of lobflers and other fifh which we found there.
Several infcriptions, engraved on the trunks
of
82 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [^7QS.
of trees, acquainted us, that Captain Bligh had anchored in this bay in the month of February 1792; when he was on his voyage to the So- ciety Iflands for bread-fruit trees, which he was to carry to the Englifli colonies in the Weft In- dies lying between the tropics.
Bligh had with him two botanifts, who fo wed, at a little diftance from the fhore, creffes, a few acorns, celery, &c. We faw three young fig trees, two pomegranate trees, and a quince tree they had planted, which had thriven very well : but it appeared to us, that one of the trees they had planted in this country had already periihed, for the following infcription, which we found on the trunk of a large tree near, mentions feven :
Near this Tree Captain WilJtam Bligh planted feven Fruit Trees, 17Q2. MeJ/rs. S. and W. Botanifts.
The other infcriptions were couched in nearly fimilar terms. They all difplayed the fame marks of deference which the Engliill botanifts paid the Commander of their fhip, by jnitting only the initial letters of their own names, and ex- prefting that the Captain himfelf had fowed and planted the various vegetable ptodudlions, which he had carried from Europe. 1 am m\\d\ inclined
to
Feb.] of la perouse. ' 83
to doubt, whether Bligh was very fenfible to the honour w^hich the botanifts were defirous of pay- ing him.
Toward the fouth-eaft, at a little diftance from the beach, we found an apple tree, the item of which was near fix feet and a half high, and about two inches thick. It did not appear to iis that it bad ever been grafted.
Our fifhers w^ere not unfuccefsful at this an- choring place. The fires they kindled along the fliorc in the night attra<5led a large quantity of fifli to their nets. The ftratagem had before fucceeded fo completely with the fiiliers of the Efperance in Dentrecafteaux Strait, that they had laid in a ftock of fiili fufHcient for fome months, part dried, and part pickled in ftrong brine.
Several times in the courfe of the day I was prefcnt when they hauled the feine, and always obferved fome new fpecies of d'todon (porcupine lifh). I admired the readinefs with which thefc little fifhes eredled the prickles' that cover them, by diftending their bodies as foon as they were touched : but they lowered them, and kept them clofe to their fkin, throughout their w^hoie length, as foon as they imagined themfelves out of dan- ger. This obfervation fliows, that the altitude given to filh of this genus, by diilending them as much as poffible, in which manner they are ex- hibited
84 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l 793.
hibited in colledions of natural hiflory, is not that which is mofl: ufual to them.
Near the north fliore of this 'bay we landed a young he- goat, and a fhe-goat big with kid, put- ting up our prayers that the favages might allow them to'propagate their breed in this ifland. Per- haps they may multiply in it to fuch a degree, as to occafion a total change in the manner of life of the inhabitants, who may then become a paf- toral people, quit without regret the borders of the fea, and tafte the pleafurc of not being obliged to dive in learch of their food, at the rifk of being devoured by Iharks. The women, who are condemned to this toilfome occupation, will be much more fenfible of the value of fuch a prefent than the men : but it is to be feared that thefe animals will be killed before they have time to breed, as appears to have happened to the fow and boar left by Captain Cook ; at leafV no one of us ever perceived the ilighteft trace of thefe animals.
The latitude of cur obfervatory, which was near a mile and a quarter fouth from our anchor- ing place, was 43'' 21^ 18" fouth, and its longi- tude 145^ 12^ 17" eaft.
The variation of the needle, obferved at the fame place, was 7° 30^ eaft.
CHAP.
March.] of la perouse. 85
CHAP. XII.
Departure from Adventure Bay — We pafs clofe by the North End of New Zcala?id — Intervieiv with the hiJiahitants — Di/covery of fevera^ Iflands hitherto imhioztm — Anchor at Tongata- boo, one of the Friendly IJlarids — Kagernefs of the Natives to come on hoard andfurnifli us with freJJi Provifion — We fait a great Nwiher of Hogs — The Iflanders gredtly addi£ied to Theft — One of our Sentinels hiocked down in the Night by a Native, whoflole his Mujket — The Affajfn deli- vered to General Dentrecajleaux by Ki?ig Toohou, who re/lores the Mujket that had been Jiolen — Queen Tine comes on hoard — Toohou gives a Feaft to the General — Queen Tine alfo does the fame — The Smith of the Recherche is blocked dow?i with Clubs by the Natives, who afterwards firip him, in open Day, in Sight of our Veffels — Some young Bread-Fruit Trees are taken on board to enrich our Colonies with this valuable Produ^ion.
ift MARCH. . -
'TX7"E fet fail from Adventure Bay about eight
' "^ in the morning, with hard fqualls from
the fouth-weft, which foon carried us beyond
Cape Pillar, behind which wc faw feveral fires
kindled
80 VOYAGE IN SEARClt [1793.
kindled by the favages. We then fleered to- -ward the north, where we were in f^ght of the coaft about fixteen leagues diftant, leaving Oyfter Bay to the weft, and then we dire(5led 6ur courfe for the Friendly Iflands.
At day-break, on the 1 3 th, we made the iflands called the Three Kings.
About eight o'clock, being in longitude 169^ 56^eaft, we fet the middle ifland of the group north, diftant one league, and afcertained its la- titude to be 34*' 20^ fouth.
We faw three principal crocks, of a moderate height, nearly in the fame parallel, at no great diftance from each other, and furrounded by other rocks that were much fmaller. Notwith- ftanding the fog that had juft come on, we dif- tinguilhed fome more toward the north, making a part of the fame clufter. They were very bare, and we did not fuppofe them to be inhabited: but a large column of fmoke, arifmg from the eaft- ernmoft iflet, informed us that there were fa- vages on it. No doubt they chofe this place of refidence, becaufe it afforded them an opportu- nity of procuring filh with eafe among the fhoals.
About three Quarters after ten we made the land of New-Zealand, which we approached by fleering eafterly, under favour of a light breeze from the wefl-north-wefl.
The
Makch.] of la perouse. 87
The natives had kindled a large fire on the lof- tiefl of the hills that ikirt the fea, and which extend to Cape North. At half after five wc were a very little way from the Cape, when two canoes came off from the fhore, and paddled to- ward us. They foon came up with us, but re- mained fome time aftern of the fhip before they ventured alongfide. Judging rightly of our dif- pofition toward them, however, they approached with confidence ; aware, no doubt, that the Eu- ropeans, who had vifited them, had never beea the aggreiTors when any difpute arofe. They im- mediately fliowed us bundles of the New-Zea^ land fiax (pJiormmm tenaxj, fhaking them, in order that we might obferve all their beauty, and offering to barter with us. The ftufFs of dif- * ferent colours we gave them were received with marks of great fatisfatflion, and they always de- livered to us, with the mofl fcrupulous exadneis, the price on which we had agreed.
Iron they decidedly preferred to every thing elfe that we offered them. This metal is {o va- luable in the eyes of thefe warlike people, that expreflions of the mofl lively joy burfl from them when they found we had fome. Though at firfl we Ihowed it them only at a diftance, they knew it perfed:ly well, from the found two pieces gave when flruck againft each other.
In
8S ' VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l/QS,
In exchange for our articles, thcfe people gave us almoft every thing they had in their canoes ; and, which we confidered as a mark of the greatefl confidence, they made not the leaft dif- ficulty at difpofmg of all their weapons to us.
The largeft of the fpears they gave us were not above five yards long, and an inch and half thick : the fmallefl were only half that length. They were all made of a fingle piece of very hard wood, which they had rendered perfedly fmooth.
They gave us fifhing lines, and hooks of dif- ferent fliapes ; to the end of fome of which fea- thers were fattened, which they ufe as a bait for voracious filhes. Several of thefe lines were of great length, and had at the end a piece of hard ferpentine, to make them fink very deep in the water. We admired the fine polifh they had given this ftone, which was of a fpherical form, fur- mounted with a fmall protuberance, in which they had made a hole, to pafs a firing through. It muft be very difficult to thefe favages to bore a ftone of fuch hardnefs, and no doubt requires a great deal of time ; but they have much leifure for fuch employments, for their wants are few, and the fea fupplies them with food in abundance. They fold us a great deal of fifli, which they had jufl caught ; and there is fuch a quantity along the coafl, that, during the fliort time we lay to,
we
MaIICh] of la PEROITSE. 8^
wc. faw fevcral numerous flioals, which, rifing to the fiirface of the fca, agitated it for a confider- able fpace at different times, producing nearly the fame appearance as a current paffmg over a ihallow in calm weather.
Thefe favages even ftripped themfelves of their clothes in order to barter with us.
Some of the young men had drops at their ears, made' w4th a ferpentine of great hardnefs. They were cut of an oval figure, and for the moft part hear four inches long.
The men of riper years wore, as a kind of tro-' phy^ a little piece of the large bone of the fore- arm of a man, which hung at the breaft by a little ftring that paffed round the neck. (See Plate XXV.) They fet a great value on this ornament.
It is well known that thefe people are greedy devourers of human flefh ; and every thing that recals to their minds the idea of fuch food, feems to give them the greateft pleafure. A failor on board offered one of them a knife ; and, to fliew him the ufe of it, imitated the a<9:ion of cutting off one of his fingers, which he immediately car- ried to his mouth, and pretended to eat. The cannibal, who watched all his motions, expreffed great joy, laughing heartily for fome time, and
Vol. IL G rubbing
90 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l/QS-
rubbing his hands. They were all very tall, and of a mufcular make. Soon alter fun-fct they left us.
At the fame moment a third canoe arrived from the neareft fhore, with twelve of the ifland- ers in it, who immediately demanded hatchets in exchange for their goods. One of them had already obtained a hatchet, when another ad- drefl'ed himfelf to us in a rough voice, bawling out with all his ftrength etohi (a hatchet), and was not filent till he h-ad obtained one.
It was now night, and the Efperance was {o far diilant as to be out of fight ; accordingly wc let off a few fmall quantities of powder, to induce her to make known to us her fituation : but wc obferved witli furprife, that the natives, far from difplaying any dread of the effects of gunpowder, continued their barter neverthelefs. It had been, dark for more than an hour, when they paddled away to the Ihore.
As we lay to, we hove the lead feveral tim.cs, and always found a bottom of fine fand, and ffoni thirty-fix to fifty fathoms water.
24th. The faint breeze that fet off from the land during the night, was fucceeded toward day- break by a north-weft wind. Wc were ftill very near the coaft, and we might cafily have come to
an
MARCH.] OP LA PEROUSE. ^iT
an anchor in Lauriflon Bay, but the fatal difaflers that befell Captain Marion, and afterwards Fur- neaux, made the General rpfolve to pafs on.
I thought it my duty, however, to reprefent to him, how important an objed: it waS;» to procure from New Zealand the liliaceous plant known by the name oi pliorm'mm tenax, or New Zealand flax, in order to convey it to Europe, w^here it would thrive in perfe6lion. The fibres obtained from the leaves of this plant are much fuperior in ftrength to any other vegetable production em- ployed for making ropes, and cables made of it would bear the greateftftrain. No one could be more fenfible of all the benefits our navy might derive from this plant, than the Commander in Chief of our expedition ; yet we held on our courfe for the Friendly Illands, continuing to fleer north-eaft.
There would have been this advantage, like- wife, in flopping at the northern extremity of New Zealand, that it would have afforded us an opportunity of verifying our obfervations, which led us to place Cape North 30^ more to the eaft- ward than it is laid down by Wales. It will be granted, howxver, that we have fufficient , reafon to give our obfervations the preference, when it is confidered, that the Englifli aftro- nomer determined the fituatioii of this point only
Q2
Q2 VOYAGE IN SEARCtf [l7Q3.
from the longitude obferved in Ship Cove, and the diftance run along the coafi: by Captain Cook : and it mufl be remembered, that thlsf:e}cbratcd navigator had no timc-kccper on board during his firft voyage, an inftrument indifpenfably ne- ceflary to afccrtain with precifion the diftancc run upon a coaft, where the currents arc Aery rapid and irregular.
. 17th. About four in the afternoon, the man at the mail-head called out, that he had fight of a large rock to the north-north-caft ; and we were foon furrounded by a great number of fea-fowl, among which we noticed many boobies and gulls. It was night when we pafled about fix hundred yards to leeward of this Iboal, from which w'e heard the fcrcams of feveral of thefe birds ; and by the favour of a fine moon-light night, we diftinguiflied on the moll prominent points a whitenefs, which we afcribed to their excrement.
This rock, which is in latitude 31° 33' 20" fouth;, longitude 1/9° caft, is not much above half a mile in circumference, and feventy or eighty yards high. Toward its weft end fome reefs were obferved.
As wc paiTed to leeward of this Ihoal, we were in completely fmooth water, fo that if there had been any fLmkcn rock in our courfe, wx flaould
not
March.] "of la perouse. 93
not have been informed of our danger till the veflel ftruck upon it. If we had doubled the rock to windward, or even to leeward at a proper difiiance, we fhould not have run this rifk.
18th. Next morning at day-break w^e made Curtis's Illands. Thcfe are two very fmall ifles, near four laigues diftant from each other. The fouthernmoft is about a mile long only from north to fouth, fteep, very bare, and interfperfed with a great number of rocks, the fummits of the higheft of which reach about a hundred yards above the level of the fea. Their whitilh colour led me to prefume, that they were of a calcareous nature, like mofl; of the iflands found in thele feas.
The other ifland is tolerably rounded, covered with verdure, and as high as the former. Its fides are fleep ai mofl: every where, yet you may land i^on it toward the weft. It is in the latitude of 30'' ] 8'' 26" fouth, longitude !;(/ 38'' eaft.
About fixf^in the evening w^e perceived at a s^reat diftance to the north-north-weft, a new ifland, which induced us to lay to all night.
IQth. The next morning, when day broke,' we had fight of the fame ifland toward the north, and ftill upwards df ten leagues diftance ; but about five in the afternoon w^e were clofe in with it, "and had already fcen the whole of its circum-
G 3 ference.
g4 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [1/93.
ference, the extent of which might be about three leagues.
To this ifland, the latitude of which is 29'' 20^ 18" fouth, longitude 179° 55' eafl, we gave the name of Recherche. Its figure is nearly trian- gular. Toward the middle the land rifes to the height of about five hundred yards above the level of the fea. On the eaft the earth had crumbled down in a few places of no great ex- tent, where a boat might land.
In all the perpendicular cliffs we could clearly diflinguifh the arrangement of the thin, parallel, and horizontal ilrata of a whitifli, and no doubt calcareous flone, of which the ifland is formed. In the interior part of the ifland we faw con- fiderable precipices, and there were trees to the very fummit of the highefl places.
There is a fhoal almoft clofc to the fliore on .the north-wefl, which extends at leaft fix hundred yards in that dire6lion.
Eight rocks, a few hundred yards diftant from each other, ftretch out into the fea for the fpace of a league to the eafl-fouth-eafl.
Between the weft and north -wcfl points, wc obferved a fmall bight, where probably very good ground would be found, and which affords com- plete fhelter from the eafl erly winds.
Between the, riorth-wcfl and fouth-eafl: poii:^t^s
we
March.] of -la perouse. q5
we faw a little rivulet, which runs into the fea ; and at a little diftance from it, in a perpendi- cular cliff, we obferved a large patch of earth, of a tolerably deep red colour, perhaps a fort of clay, which appeared incrufted by the calcareous flone.
On the 23d, about nine in the evening, we- entered the Torrid Zone, in the longitude o,i 184° eaft. This was the fourth time of our paf- fmg the Tropic of Capricorn.
24th. The next day, at one o'clock in the afternoon, we made Eooa, one of the Friendly Iflands, bearing from us north-weft, diftant about fourteen leagues ; and it was not long before we had a pretty near view of it. The beautiful ver- dure with which it was every where covered, proclaimed the fertility of the foil. The land is of a moderate height.
It was half after fix when we brought to, to wait for the Efperance, and we fpent the night , ; in plying to windward. /
On the 25th, at feven o'clock in the morn^/ ti ing, we were about fix' leagues only from Ton-* gataboo, and yet we could not cafily diftinguifll it, becaufe the land is fo low. We foon got pretty near in with the eaftern coaft, {landing towa,rd the north and north-weft, that we might not mifs the opening that leads to the harbour, which is to be entered only by palling between
G 4 fom 1^
^G VOYAGE IN SJtARrii [iTO^.
ibmc reefs, which arc lo clofc together that the break between them is not to be diflinguiflicd at a httle diilancc.
As foon as we were about the middle of this channel, feveral ca^iocs with out-riggers came to meet us, laden with fruit, hogs, and poul- try, which they offered us. Each had two or three natives on board, fcldoni four. One of them coming toward us with too much fpecd, her dut-rigger gave way, and we had the forrow to lee the three rowers fall into the water. They feemed lefs difconcerted, however, than we fliould have imagined, and fwam to the neareft fliore, dragging with them their canoe, which was foon fet afioat again. Thcfe canoes are fo flight that they muft frequently be expofed to fuch acci- dents ; and, indeed, their countrymen, who pafled clofe by, feemed fcarcely to notice it.
All thefe canoes had eatables en board, one excepted, in which we obferved none, and which, therefore, we imagined, had nothing to offer us. But wc were miftaken : it was navigated by two men, whofe countenances expreiTed much gaiety, while they pointed out to us two women, who were paddling with them ; and the figns they made left us no room to doubt, that they were making us very gallant propofals.
At a diftance we faw fome large failing canoes.
About
Mabch.] of la perouse. 97
About half after eleven, being in the narrowed part of the channel, where it did not appear to us to be above four hundred ■ yards over, we had bottom near the middle at fix fathoms.
Juft as we were on the point of entering into it, a large canoe came to meet us, and the people in her invited us to follow them in a inuch wider channel, which was on the larboard of it ; but when they faw us take another courfe, they re- turned, and continued fome time a-head of us» willing to inftrutl us how to fteer.
At length we reached the road of Tongataboo, and after making feveral tacks to fetch the an- chorage, brought up a mile to the fouth-weft of Pangaimotoo, in eleven fathoms and a half of water, on a bottom of veiy fine grey fand.
One of the weflern points of Tongataboo bore weft 3° north ; the weftern extremity of Panga'i- matoo, north 24'' eafl: ; and the extremity of the reefs on that fide, north 20° weft.
We were immediately furrounded by the na- tives, who came on board in fuch numbers, that the deck was foon covered w ith them. Several came in double canoes, of the ihape reprefented in Plate XXVIII.
One of thefe people, followed by feveral others, who appeared to pay him great refped:, announced himfeif as one of the chiefs of the ifland. He
de fired
08 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l703.
dcfircd to fee the Commander of the vcflel, and immediately ordered a hog to be brought, of which he made him a prefent. This perfon cx- preiTed much gratitude on receiving a hatchet from the General's own hands.
In lefs than an hour we procured, by way of barter, a doz,en hogs, the fmalleft of vn hich was at Icaft a hundred weight. For each a hatchet, of a middling fize, was given. . The General had given orders to one of his officers to treat with the iflanders for what pro- vifion they could fumifli ; and to prevent all competition, which might have been injurious to the fupply of our fliips, he had forbidden every other perfon to make any exchange. But it was impoffible to' fee thcfe orders executed to the let- ter ; and it was difficult to refift the eagernefs of the natives to difpofc of their wares, which each endeavoured to difplay to the befl; advantage. We were much amufcd to fee them holding their little pigs under their arms, and every now and then pulling them by the ears to make them iqueal, that we might know they had them to fell.
A chief of the warriors, named Feenou, came on board about five in the afternoon. He was a man about forty-h\e years of age, of a mid- dling ftature, and very fat. Like the reft of the
natives
'21 J
V
March.] of la perouse. pg
natives, he had altogether the features of an Eu- ropean. His body was covered with fears in va- rious places, and he pointed out to us^two on the breaft, which, he faid, were from wounds received by fpcars in different battles againfl the people of Feejee.
The portrait of this warrior, Plate VIII. Fig. .2, is a very faithful refemblance. His hair, pow- dered with lime, was drcffed in fuch a way, that he might be fuppofed to have worn a wig.
He fcated himfelf on the bench on the quarter- deck, with four of the natives, and ordered all the reft to fquat down : fome of them, however, he permitted to fit on the arm-cheft. I know not whether thefe were great perfonages ; but we remarked among them a man advanced in years, accompanied by a young girl, who employed all his eloquence to tempt fuch of us as came near her.
Feenou made a prefent to the General of the largeft hog that we had yet feen fmce we had been at anchor. He gave him likevvife two very ■ fine clubs, made of cafuarhia wood, inlaid with plates of bone, fome cut round, others in fears, and others in the fliape of birds, of which, how- ever, they were but poor referablances. This chief appeared well fatisfied when the General •gave him a hatchet, a large piece of red fluff, and ^ few nails. To tcflify his gratitude, he took ^ each
100 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [iTOS.
each of thefc articles in his left hand, and touched the left iidc of his forehead with it.
Towards fun-fet we requcfled him to fend out of the fhip all the natives, the crowd of whom Was become immenfe. We were defirous that not one fliould remain, as we did not wifh to have the trouble of watching them during the night : but perhaps his authority did not extend to them all ; for^ after he had driven aw^ay the greatell: part only, he left us, and returned to- wards the weftern fliore of Tongataboo.
The ilep he took to rid our fliip of thefe ifland- ers, by w:'hom we were incommoded to an cx- ccffive degree, could not eafily be gueil'ed. He drove them out with his club, w hich he handled fo vigoroufly, that they had no way to efcape the rude blows of this weapon, but by leaping into the fca.
Almoft all their clubs are made with the wood of the caftiarhia, which is extremely hard ; yet we faw a few of bone, fomewhat more than a yard long. As thefe iflanders have no quadruped ca- pable of furnifliing a bone of fuch length, there can be no doubt but it muft belong to fome large animal of the whale genus.
Befide many fowls, they fold us pigeons of the fpecies called columba aenea (nutmeg pigeon), bread-fruit, cocoa-nuts, yams, and feveral va- rieties of plaintain, of a delicious flavour.
We
March.] of la perotjse. I6r
We dcfired all the natives to jro afhore before night, tor feveral had not come for the purpofe of fatisfying their curiofity merely, or ielUng us their goods ; as we foon difcovered that they had ftolen feveral articles from us. All the canoes, however, were gone, and there were ilill iix of the iflanders left on board ; w ho, having no means of getting on fhore but by fwimming, rcqueftcd us to let them pals the night upon deck, one excepted, who chofe rather to fwim. ailiore, though we were a mile from the nearcft land. We admired the facility with which he executed all his movements. He fwam con- ftantly on the belly, his neck being entirely out of water, and making very fliort ftrokes with his left hand, which he kept conllantly before him, while he gave a great fpread to his right hand, w^hich he carried to the thigh on the fame fide at every ftrokc. The body was at the fame time a little inclined to the left, which increaied the rapidity, with which it cut the water. I never faw an European fwim with fuch confidence, or with fuch fpeed*.
* A fomewhat fimilar mode of fwimming, I believe, is not unfrequent among expert fvvimmers ia England ; at leaft I have often feen il pra(^i(ed by others, and have had recourfe to it myfelf; v.hen engaged in a contelt of fpeed — Tranjlator,
20th.
102 VOYAGE IN SEAHCir [l793.
26th. Feenou returned the next morning, and fpcnt a few hours on board. He was fingularly amufed by an ape belonging to one of our gun- ners, to the flighteft actions of which he was at- tentive.
The tents of the obfervatory were pitched on the fouth-weft Jhore of Pangaimatoo, and to the fame place were conveyed ftuffs of different c©- lours, with a great many articles of hardware, to exchange for frefh provifion. As the inhabitants brought us a great many hogs, the General re- folved to make an addition to our fait flores ; and Citizen Renard, one of our furg€ons, offered to fuperintend the falting in of the pork.
An enclofure was marked out by a rope, faf- tencd to the ends of fome ftakes, which were ffuck into the ground at four or five yards dif- tance from each other. This barrier was intended to keep out the natives, ,^ay and night, above two thoufand of whom, moft of them from Tonga- taboo, w^ere already gathered round us.
Futtafaihc, one of the fons of the late King Poulaho, repaired early to the fame place. He took upon himfelf to preferve order among the natives ; and accordingly our trade was carried on with the grcatcft peaceablencfs : but we faw with regret that, to make himifelf obeyed, he em- ployed means as barbarous with refpcdl to them,
as
March.] of la perouse. • i<73
as laborious to himfelf; or if any one of them dared to pafs the enclofure that was traced out, by a few hand's-breadths only, he immediately threw at him the firft thing that came to hand, as a warning for him to retire, without paying any regard to the injury that might be done by it. A young man, who advanced a little too far, had nearly loft his life by his inattention to the orders of Futtafaihc, whp immediately threw at him with violence a large log of wood, but he was fortunate enough to avoid the biow\
Wc were obliged to crofs this numerous circle to penetrate into the interior part of the ifland ; and it w^as not eafy to avoid treading on the feet or legs of the natives, w^ho fat on the ground very clofe together, all with their legs acrofs ; yet, far from being angry, they held out their hands to affift us when, for fear of hurting them, we knew not w^here to fct our feet. A few of them fol- lowed us.
We found many of the people employed in conftrufting huts, in order to remain on the ifland of Pangaimotoo ; whither they were attracted by our making choice of this little ifland as a market place for the provifion, with which they could fupply us. Several of thefe huts were already finilhed. The iflanders, whom we met with in
them,
104 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [iTQS'
them, received us with various teftimonies of great affed:ion.
The ground occupied by each of "thcfe habita- tions was not, in general, above fixtcen feet long, and ten feet wide. The roof, about fix feet and a half high in the middle, flppcd down to the ground. In one of its fides an opening was made, ibmetimes the whole length of the hut, but fo low, that there was no entering, without ftoop- ing fo much, as to be obliged to creep on ali fours. On the oppofite fide we obfer\T.d another opening, ilill lower and narrower, which feemed intended to promote the circulation of air. In others a greater number of openings were feen, but fmaller, and made even in the ends of the huts. We admired the fmc texture of the mats, which were fpread upon the ground. The roofs were covered with the leaves of the cocoa-tree, or of the mountain palm (corypha nmhrandiferajy fometimes too with grafs or rulhes. L' nder fuch a roof there is no ftanding, except in the middle ; but thefe people commonly fquat on the ground, fo that they can fit tolerably near to tlie fides.
In the neighbourhood of thefe tranquil dwell- ings we frequently met with very obliging though frout men, who took care to inform flrangers of the favourable reception they might meet with
from
March.] of la perouse. joi>
from the fair-fcx in thefe fortunate lllands. Their offers, no doubt, were in fome meafure owing to their wilh to oblige ; but it appeared that they had an eye to their own intereft at the fame time, as they never forgot to afk fome recom- penfe in return for their information.
We w^alked fome time along the borders of the ihore, on which we faw a great number of bread- fruit trees in full vigour, though their roots were bathed with brackifli water. But foon the water rifing with the flood-tide, obliged us to go farther within the land, where we traverfed thick woods, in the ihadc of which grew the tacca pinnattfida, Jaccharum Jpofitanenm, nnijfcendd frondofa, abrus precatorius (Jamaica wild liquorice), the fpecies of pepper tree which they life for making kavai &c. We then walked over grounds employed partly in" the culture of the fweet potatoe, partly in that of the fpecies of yam called diofcorea alata ; we faw% too, young plants of vacoua, or pandamis fidoraujjima (fweet fccntcd fcrew-pine), the leaves of which are uled for making mats. Farther on w^e found plantations of the paper mulberry tree, cultivated for the fake of its bark, of which they fabricate Huff for garments. The hiblfcus ttUaceus grew^ Ipontaneoufly on the borders of thefe cultivated fpots, and clofe by the fea. Its bark likewife furnlllies them with materials for making
Vol. 11. li a kind'
106 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l/QS,
a kind of fluff, but much inferior in beauty to that of the paper mulberry tree.
Some of the natives, who followed us very clofe, affec^led the appearance of having no other defign, but that of being ufeful to us : yet we caught fome of them now and then putting their hands into our pockets, to fteal what they could jfind ; and when we difcovered them, we always obliged them to return what they had taken. One of them, however, having feized a knife, that belonged to one of the crew, took to his heels with all fpeed, and difappeared amid the wood.
It w^as not long before wc fell in with a com- pany of the illanders, who were preparing to drink lava. They invited us to fit down by them, and we remained all the time they were preparing their beverage. They give the fame name to the fpecies of pepper tree, which conftitutes its chief ingredient, and the long, flefhy, and very tender roots of which are often more than four inches thick. Thefe they firft cleaned with the greatefl care. They then chewed them, fo as to reduce them to a kind of pafte, of which they formed balls, nearly four inches in circumference. As faft as thefe balls were" made, they were put into a large wooden veffcl ; and when the bottom was coA'Cred with them, Handing about four inches
diftant
March.] of la perouse'. 107
diftant from each other, they filled up the veiTel with water. The liquor was then Ihaken, and ferved out in cups to all the guefts. Some drank out of cocoa-nut ihells, others made themfelves cups on the occafion from the leaves of the ^plan- tain tree.
The large roots, with which the kava was made, had, in the direction of their length, very flcndcr woody fibres, which fubfided to the bot- tom of the liquor. Thefe fibres, the perfon who ferved it out, coUecfted in one of his hands, and ufed as a fponge, to fill the cups.
We were invited to take a fhare of this be- verage ; but our feeing it prepared was fufficient to make us decline the civil offer. The chaplain of our fliip, however, had the courage to fwallow a bumper of it. For my part, as I was defirous alfo of tafling the flavour of the root, I preferred chewing a bit of it myfelf, and found it acrid and flimulant. Each of the company afterwards ate fome yams, frefh roafled under the embers, and plaintains; no doubt to take off the heat, which the ftomach mufl feel from this intoxicating li- quor.
Thefe people fet much flore by the pepper tree, from which they procure it. Its ftalk, fre- quently bigger than the thumb, is tolerably ftraight, and requires no fupport. They cut off
H 2 feveral
108 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l793.
feveral pieces in the fpaccs between the knots, and made us a prcfcnt of them, informing us, that they fct them thus in the ground, in order to •propagate the plant.
We were not far from the tents of the obfer- vatory, when fome others of the natives invited us to eat fruit, among which we had the pleaiurc of feeing that of tho, fpondias cytherea (pommes de cy the re J. Every one fat down : Citizen Riche juft laid down a pole-axe, when a native crept flily behind him, took it up, and ran off as fall:~ as he could. We immediately purfucd him, but he had too far the ftart for us to come up wdth him. A chief, who was then near us, would make the thief reftore the pole-axe, and ran after him likewife ; but he foon returned, and appeared very forry, that he could not overtake the fugi- tive.
We foon arrived within the enclofure where the traffic was carried on. Futtafaihe was fhill there. We wxre informed that he had caufcd a fabre, and feveral other things belonging to dif- ferent perfons of the crew, which had been flolen by the natives, to be returned. Riche ac- cordingly applied to him, in order to procure his pole-axe again ; but the inquiries of Futtafaihe were to no purpofe.
27th. A great many canoes furrounded our
Ihips,
March.] of la perouse. log
/hips, though the General had given orders to . oblige them to keep off; but they difpofed of their merchandize to better advantage here, than at the market on ihore : for there little was fold but eatables, the price of w^hich w^as fixed ; while on board they frequently received a high price for objed:s of fancy. Befidcs, thefe canoes carried on another fort of trade, ftill more rigoroufly prohi- bited by the orders of General Dentrecafteaux : but the fentries not being very flricfl in this point, many young girls eafily evaded their notice, and were creeping in at the port-holes every moment.
We went afhore very early at the neareft place, where we had the pleafure to fee that thele iflanders were in poiTeffion of the fugar-cane. They offered us fome very large ones, which we accepted. They fold us feveral birds, and among others a beautiful fpecies of lory, which they in- formed us had been brought to them from Feejee ; a fine fpecies of dove, remarkable tor a red fpot on the head, and known by the name oi cohmtha piirpurata ; the Philippine rail, rallus phiVippenJis ; the pigeon called coluviha paclfica, &c. Several had the lizard known by the appellation of lacerta amho'metiJiSf which they offered us as very good to eat.
The natives, who followed us, were very trou- .blefome to us by their number, and even by their
H 3 eagcrneis
110 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l^QS.
cagernefs to oblige us. Seeing us colle6l plants, feveral pulled up indifcriminately all they found, made them up into large bundles, brought them to us, and then wanted to load us with them. Others, obferving us colled: infects, were incef- fantly afking whether they were not to feed the birds we had juft purchafed. But moft put on a femblance of having the greateft afFediion for us, while they were purloining our things. Se- veral times we endeavoured in vain to get rid of them, the methods we took being unquellionably too mild, for people accuftomed to be treated fo roughly by their chiefs.
Futtafaihe, accompanied by another chief, had been to dine with the General, who prefented one with a fcarlet fuit of clothes, the other with a blue. Adorned with this new drefs, which they had put on over their own clothes, they were in one of the tents of ther obfervatory, when Feenou made his appearance at the entrance of it, and difplayed great jealoul)' at feeing them thus equip- ped. He retired with an air of great difcontent, faying, that every body pafTed themfelves off for chiefs fegu'tj, and went to drink kava with fome others. We did not know what to think of Feenou's precipitate retreat ; but we prefumed; that he was lefs powerful than Futtafaihe, and declined appearing before him, that he might not
bQ
March.] of la perouse. ill
be under the neceffity of paying him the honours due to his rank.
The officer cntrufted with the purchafe of pro- vifion had a very laborious taili to fulfil : for, though he had fixed a regular value on every article, the natives, ftill in hopes of felling them dearer, never parted with their goods till they had dilputed a long time about their price.
Preffed by hunger, we retired into the tent, where the pro vifion purchafed in the courfe of the day was depofited ; and were followed by two natives, whom wx took for chiefs. One of them fliewed the greateft eagernefs tp fele6l for me the choicefl fruit: I had laid my hat on the ground, thinking it a place of fecurity ; but thefe two thieves were not inattentive to their trade; he that was behind me was adroit enough, to hide my hat under his clothes, and went away, without my perceiving it ; and the other quickly followed him. I was the lefs apprehenfive of fuch ^a trick, as I did not fuppofe that they would have ventured upon an article of fuch bulk, at the rifk of being caught within the cnclofure, into which we had permitted them to enter : bcfides, a hat could be of very little ufe to people who com- monly go bare-headed. The addrefs they dif- played in robbing me, convinced us that it was not their firft attempt ; and led us to prefiime,
H 4 that
112 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l7Q3.
that they frequently rob one another. The chiefs, too, might have fome intereft in theHihefts com' mitted on us ; for we frequently faw them fcize what they found in the hands of their fubje(5ls, whom they plundered very openly.
We were extremely unwilling to proceed to extremities with thefe knaves ; but it was high time to check their boldnefs, which impunity ferved only to encourage. With this view, we propofed to let them fee the effed; of our fire-arms on a cock, which we tied to the end of a long pole. But the perfon, who fired at it, was fo in- cautious, as to take a double-barrelled gun, which had been expofed to the dampnefs of the air all the preceding night ; in confequence of which, the firft time it flafhed in the pan, the next it hung fire ; fo that he was obliged to take another piece to bring down the cock. Accordingly the natives appeared to retain a much higher idea of their weapons than of ours, when one of them, with a long arrow, furnifhed with three diverging points, Ihot another cock^ fixed at the end of the fame pole. In order to take aim at the bird, having placed himfclf juft under it, he raifed hinifelf as high as he could ori tiptoe, fo that the point of his arrow was not above four yards from the cock. All the reft had their eyes fixed upon him, and kept the moft profound filence ; but the
moment
March.] of la perouse. 113
moment he hit the objecfl, their fhouts of admi- ration gave us to underftand that they did not in general lucceed fo well,' even at fo fliort a dif- tance.
The arrow, ufed upon this occafion was near three yards long ; but they have others of inferior dimenfions, which they likewife carry in quivers of bamboo.
28th. Twofentries kept guard day and night at the poft we had eftablillied on the Mand of Pan- gaimotoo, who were fufficient to keep off fuch of the natives as might endeavour to fteal into it fecretly, to carry off the articles we had depofited there. Undoubtedly no apprehenfions had been entertained, that they would break into it by force, for no precautions had been taken to guard againft an affault. A native, however, took ad- vantage of a heavy fall of rain, which came on juft as day was breaking, to get behind one of our Jbntries, and gave him fuch a violent ffroke on the head with his club, that he knocked him down, though his helmet-cap warded off much of the violence of the blow. The alTaffin imme- diately made off with his mufliet ; and the other fentry inlliantly gave notice of it to thofe of us, who were lleepiiig in the tents. The alarm was great, and feveral moved nearer to the fliore, that they might be able to reach the loiig-boat, if the
iflanders
114 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [iTQ^.
i/landers fhould fall upon us in great number. The cry of alarm was heard on board the Efpe- rance, that fhip having come within hail of the ihore the preceding evening, and immediately a few mufkets were lired from her, to give notice of it to the Recherche : but our fear of a general attack from the natives did not continue long, for w^e quickly aflured ourfelves, that moft of them were ftill faft afleep round our poft, and thofe, W'ho had been awakened, had fled. An officer, too, who arrived from the interior of the ifland, almoft at the inftant of the affaffination, reported, that he had feen a great many of the natives, all of whom appeared to him to be in a profound fleep.
The Commander of our expedition went on fliore about fix o'clock, with a detachment well armed, and gave orders to flrike the tents im- mediately, and carry them aboard, with every thing that; had been left at the poft for the pur- pofe of barter.
Our removal much grieved feveral of the chiefs, who came to the General to exprefs the fbrrow they felt at this difagreeable affair. - They loudly exprefled their difapprobation of this cowardly piece of treachery, faying, that the culprit de- ferved death, and Ihould not long efcape the due reward of his crime. At the fame time they did
every
March.] of la perouse. 115
every thing in their power to prevail on us to continue our barter as before.
Our detachment having advanced a Httle way into the ifland, to examine the difpofition of the natives, found near a thoufand, who had ilept in the neighbourhood of our poft; and requefted them to remove to a greater diftance ; which they all did, except a fmall party of armed men, who, lifting up their clubs and fpears, refufed to retire a fmgle Hep. Perhaps it would have been proper to have puniflied their audacity, which led us to confider them as accompUces of the aflaffin : but a chief, named Toohoii, one of the king's relations, fell upon them with fury, and quickly difperfed them by heavy blows with his club.
The General, before he got into the boat to return on board, made a few prefents to the dif- ferent chiefs, who were coUedied around him. He alfo required them to deliver up the affaffin, and return the mufket he had ftolcn, with the fabre that had been taken from our gunner the day before ; informing them, that he would allow the barter to be renewed on thefe conditions alone.
All the natives retired when our long boat put off from the fliore ; but as foon as it arrived along- side the veffel, feveral of them went to the fpot
we
llff VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l 793.
we had quitted, and examined it very carefully, to fee whether we had not left fomething or other behind us. We obferved one, who had the dexterity to pull out the nail by which one of our clocks had been hung up to a poft'.
Feenou came on board in the afternoon, and made the General a prcfent of fome bread-fruit, yams, plantains, and a pig. In return he re- ceived a faw, a hatchet, and feveral chifcls : but we perceived, that he gave the hatchet a decided preference to the other tools. After having paid the greateft attention to the account wx gave him of the attack made on our fentry by one of the natives, he promifed to return the mufket the next day ; and told us, that he would bring the aiTaflm to us, and dojuftice on him in our prefence. He defired to fee the gunner, who had received a large wound in the head, but hap- pily not dangerous, as the helmet-cap he wore had deadened the blow. Feenou difplayed much fenfibility on feeing the wound, and prefented the gunner with a piece of the ftuff fabricated of the bark of the paper mulberry tree, to ufe in dreffmg the wound. In fa<^ the properties of this ftuff render it well adapted to fuch a pur- pofe.
Feenou having ordered feveral of the natives, who attended him, to make kava, thefe immedi- ately
March.] of la perouse. I17
ately began to chew fbme large roots of the fpe- cies of pepper tree, to which they give that name, and the liquor was foon prepared. He drank of it firft, and the reft was iliared among the other natives, who, as well as Fcenou, ate plantains after it. Out of refpeA to him, they all fquattcd on the deck, while he fat on the watch bench.
We ihowed this chief fcveral ensrravins-s in the voyages of Captain Cook. It was with the ^ greateft refped: that he feveral times pronounced the name of that celebrated navigator, "which he called Toote. It is remarkable, that though we could pronounce words of their language with great facility, they could not do fo with ours : for inilance, when they wiflied to pronounce the word Fra?ifois, they faid Palmtfois ; inftead of BeauprS, they faid Beaupele, &:c. Feenou talked to us of Otaheite, and faid, that he had iecn Omai at Anamooka. Perhaps this is the fame Feenou who was particularly intimate with Cook in his laft voyage, though that navigator fays he was a tall man.
His attendants faid a great deal to us "about King Toobou, of whofe power tiiey made great boaft ; and to point out to us his fuperiority, they raifed the right arm very high^ pronouncing his name at the fame time, and then touched it near the elbow with the left hand^ to mark the inferi- ority
118 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l79^.
orlty of Feenou. He himfelf afTented to this pre- eminence of Toobou, who, he faid, was to be on board us the next day.
29th. I had intended to fpend this day on the ifland of Tongataboo, w ith fome of my fhipmates ; but the General dcfired us to poftpone this ex- curfion, till the chiefs had given u& a proof, that they were really determined to put an end to the depredations committed by their fubje6ts.
Several canoes furrounded our vefTcls, but no one was permitted to come alongside. Many of their people, weary of their fituation, as they couid not carry on any kind of traffic, amufed themfeh es with fifliing. Their nets were nearly nine' yards long, about a yard and a half deep, and the mcfiies were about an inch fquare. From the fliape of thefc nets, feveral of which we had already purchafed, we imagined that they'ufed them as v/e do feines, hauling them up on the beach ; but we were much aftoniflied to fee them throw them out in the open road, much in the fame manner as w^e do a cafting-net. On the lowxr fide were faftened pieces of coral, which funk the net rapidly to the bottom ; and the fifhermen immediately dived, to bring the tw^o ends together by means of fmall lines faftened to them ; thus enclofmg the lilh, which they put into their canoes. It is obvious that filh muft be
very
March.] of la perouse. ug
very plenty, for them to be caught in this man- ner in the open fea. No doubt the fifliermen would not have taken all this trouble, had not their hunger been extremely craving ; for, as they had no means of dreffing their fifli in their canoes, they did not hefitate to devour it raw.
About nine in the morning three chiefs came on board, to acquaint us that Toobou, the fu- preme chief fcgui Idi) of Tongataboo, Vavao, Anamooka, &c. was coming to pay us a vifit, and that he would deliver into our hands the aflaffin we demanded, and reftore the mufket that had been ftolen. In fa6t, it was fcarcely eleven o'clock when Toobou arrived, with feveral chiefs. The aiTaffin wTtS at his feet, lying on his belly with his hands bound behind his back. He ordered him on board immediately, and then di- rected the mufket, w^ith its bayonet fixed, which had been taken from one of our fentries, to be brought. Two pieces of ftufF, made of the bark of the paper mulberry, fo large, that each, if fpread out, w^ould have completely covered our veiTel, two hogs, and feveral very large mats, compofed the prefent w^hich he brought to the Commander of our expedition. The v/arrior Feenou, not difdaining to perform the office of executioner, lifted up his club, to beat out the brains of the culprit, and it was fomewhat diffi- cult
120 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l793*
cult to prevent him from doing juflice on tlid . prifoner before our eyes. At length, however, he delivered him into the hands of the General, imagining, no doubt, that he w^as defirous of keeping him, to infiiA on him himfelf the pu- nifhment due to his crime. The prifoner too, flippofing that his laft hour was come, already ftretched out his neck, when our {entry, w^hom .he had knocked down, begged the life of the of- fender. On this he was difmiffed, with a few ftripes on the back with a rope's end : but Fee- nou, thinking this punitliment far too little, again raifed his club, to put an end to his exiftence.- The General bawled out as loud as he could, ka'i mate, (that he ihould grant him his lifej ; but Feenou declared, neverthelefs, that he Ihould not efcape the punifhment he deferved. As wts were examining fcveral marks on his head, from blow^s this man had received with a club, before he had been brought to us, we w^ere informed, that thefe had been given to him when he was taken. The ' General ordered our furgeoh to drefs hisAvounds, and then removed him to the Efperance, in- tending to fet him aihore in the night, to endea- vour to fave his life.
King Toubou received as a pflrefent from the General's hands a fuit of fcarlct, in which he dreiled himfelf immediately, and a large hatchet.
Fceuou,
March.] of la perouse. 1121
Feenou, too, received a fcarlet fuit, with a hatchet of much fmaller dlmenfions ; and a few fmall hatchets were diftributed among the other chiefs. They were all on the deck, forming a circle round Toobou, who fat on the watch bench, with Feenou on his right hand, and another chief, named Omalai, on his left.
Toobou appeared to us to be at leaft fixty years old. He was of a middling height, and ftill much more corpulent than Feenou. His gar- ments were made in the fame fhape as thofe of the other natives, differing only in the finenefs of their texture. He wore a very beautiful mat, faftencd round him by means of a girdle, fabri- cated o{ the bark of the paper mulberry tree.
When Toobou gave orders for making kava, we requefted fome of the chiefs to take upon themfelves its preparation, and chew the roots of the kava pepper tree, which we offered them ; but they uniformly refufed, with an air of dif- daining an occupation beneath them. It was entrufted to men of an inferior clafs (mouasj, who were featcd near the middle of the circle formed by the chiefs.
The rain, which had come on in the mean time, increafmg rapidly, we imagined that every one of them would have fought fhelter ; but they all braved the weather, without quitting their
YoL.ir. 1 . places,
122 -VOYAGE IN SEARCH . [I/QS.
places, except the king, who withdrew into the General's cabin, with Feenou, and Toobou-Foa, one of the royal family. Kava was carried to them in cups, which had juft been made of plantain leaves, and then plantains were offered to them. The General invitpd them all three to dinner ; but the king did not permit either of the chiefs to fit at the fame table with him. He tail- ed all the difhes, refufed moft of them, and ate very little of thofe that he did not appear to dif- like, fugar excepted. The General had made him a prefent of a bird-organ, with which he was wonderfully amufed, and on which he played al- moft all dinner time.
Thefe iflanders iliave with the edge of afliell, and the operation takes up a great deal of time. They were ftruck with aftonifliment, when they faw how quickly our barber took off the beards of feveral of our crew, and every one was de- firous of experiencing his flcill. Among the reft, h< had the honour of lliaving his majefty himfelf. About half after three, the king giving us no- tice of his intention to depart, an offer was made ' to put him afhore in the barge, which he ac- cepted. He was attended by a great number of canoes, and foon arrived at the ifland of Pangaf- motoo, with mofl of the chiefs who had accom- panied him on board. As foon as he landed, he
ordered
March.] of la perouse. 123
ordered fome yams, a bread-fruit, feme pork and plantains, to be brought ; and we were much furprifed to fee him eat with a very hearty ap- petite ; for wc imagined that he was not hungry, as he had done fo little honour to our General's table. We had no reafon to fuppofe, that our difhes had not been to his tafte, fince the other natives w^re perfe(5lly fatisfied with them. Per- haps it is a point of etiquette, for his majefly not to indulges his appetite when he accepts an in- vitation, particularly from Irrangers. He after- wards made a fpeech, in which, no doubt, he ex- prefled our friendly difpofition toward them, and our intention to punilh all who ihould be guilty of robbing us ; and then he repaired to the ifland of Tongataboo.
Juft before night Feenou brought the fabre which had been taken from one of our gunners. He returned it to the General, and made him a prefent of a very large fifh, of the perch genus^ the perca guttata (the ///W of Catefby). Before he left us, he informed the canoes around, that we fhould begin to trade with them again the , next day.
30th. Very early the next morning our boat was fenton fliore to the ifland of Panga'imotoo, with a quantity of ftufFs and hardware. The ca- noes round our ihip were feveral times defired
1 2 in
124 ' VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l/O^'
in vain to repair to the market, which had juft been re-cflabliflicd on that little ifland. We fancied, however, that we had difcovered efTec- tual means of driving them away from our ihips, when we faw them take flight with precipitancy, on fome w^ater being fpouted on them from an engine ; but the fuccefs of this mode was of fhort duration ; for foon finding that they ran no rifk but of a wetting, we miglit play the engine on them as long^as we pleafed, and they would not flir. Dauribeau, the captain of the Recherche, then gave orders, to upfet them when any of our boats went afliore ; and prefently the launch was fent off for the neareft part of the ifland, with various inftruments for making aflironomical obfervations. Accordingly our people pulled away, fleering directly for a canoe which had three men and two girls on board ; and, as they carried away the out-rigger, we fliould foon have had the vexation of feeing the/e two pretty lafl!es tumbled into the water ; but to prevent this ac- cident,- the men jumped overboard, and two of them fteadied the canoe, while the third fet the out- rigger to rights, and then they paddled away for Tongataboo without delay. The other ca- noes, warned of their danger, had the addrefs to avoid fuch of bur boats as afterwards endeavoured to upfet them.
Feenou
"March.] ' of la perouse. > 125
Feenou came on board very early in the morn- ing, with Toobou, the kind's brother. Thcfe two chiefs invited the General to a feaft, which the King intended to give him the next day but one, in the illand of Tongataboo. Having re- quefted us to let them fee the eife(5ls of our fwivels and carronades, we gratified them with a fpecimen, at which they ihowed equal marks of affright and admiration.
When we arrived on fhore, vv'e obferved with furprife, that the market was very well fupplied, though there were not a fourth as many of the natives prefent, as on the preceding days. Every thing there was going on with the greateft order.
The fame officer (LagrandiereJ had ftill the management of the traffic with them for victual- ling the fhips. He was fmgularly delighted with the thought of having procured fome ends of iron hoops, to be cut into the fliape of carpen- ter's chifTels, and of having turned them to good account in dealing with the natives. Yet we had on board a great number of very good tools, which had been brought from Europe, to give them ; and we could not conceive how it was poffible, that the fatisfa(i:l:ion he mufl have felt at procuring them durable inflruments, fhould not have been of more weight with him, than any other confi deration.
I 3 Traverfmg
120 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [1/93.
Traverfing the interior of the iiland, we faw a barber employed in iliaving one of the chiefs^ after 'their falhion. The -chief fat with his back leaning againft his hut. The barber's razor con- fifted of the two fliells of th.tfol£7t radlatus (vio- let-coloured, or radiated razor-flieath), one of which he held firmly againfl the fkin with the left hand, while with the right he applied the edge of the other to the hair, as near the root as he could, and by repeated fcraping, brought it away, fcarcely more than a hair at a time. We were afbonifhed at fo much patience, and left him, as might be fuppofed, long before he had finifhed his operation.
The art of the potter has made no great pro- grefs among thefe people. We fav/ in their pof- feliion fome very porous earthen vefTels, which they had baked indeed, but very flightly. In thefe they kept frefh water, which would have quickly filtered through them, if they had not taken the precaution to give them a coating of refin. VeiTels thus made, could be of no ufe to them in dreffing victuals. The natives fhowed xis fome of a tolerably elegant form, which they faid had been brought from Feejee. (See Plate XXXI. Fig. 8.) We faw them drinking in com- panies out of cups of this fort, round w^hich they put a net of a pretty large meih, to be able to
carry
March.] of la perouse. 127
carry them about eafily. When they had emp- tied a few of them, they went to fill them again out of little holes, which they had dug in the ground, that the water might flow into them. Though thefe holes were about a hundred and fifty toifes only from the fhore, the water was fcarccly to be called brackifii. As we found it neceffary to replace what we had expended lincc leaving Adventure Bay, we dug a hole in the ground, more than a yard deep, and at a good diflance from the fliore, and it was prefently flip- plied with very drinkable water. With this we filled fmall caiks, which the natives of the toua clafs were very ready to carry on their fhoulders to the boat : but the part on which the iron hoops of the caili refted being bare, was foon galled, and they gave up their work. We had on board, however, a little cart, which we had brought from Europe, and on this they readily confented to draw the barrels down to the fhore. The touaSy twelve in number, fung to mark the time of uniting their efforts in pulling. Thefe twelve foon increafed to twenty, and at firfl re- quired no addition to the pay we had agreed upon for each turn, which w^as twelve glafs beads : a few days after, however, they demanded a higher price for their labour. They afTured us that we iliould not find water at Tongatabuo, except in
I 4 ponds.
128 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l793,
ponds, oir by digging holes in the ground as at Pangairaatoo ; but that very good fpring- water was to be procured at Kao, a fmall iHand near Tofoa.
I had not yet feen a dog fmce we had been at anchor. In the afternoon a native brought one to fell us, affuring us that its llefh was" very good eating. They give the name of kouli to this animal, which in thefe illands is commonly of a fallow colour, fmall, and pretty nearly refembling the Pomeranian dog.
Citizen Riche informed us, that the aflaflin, who was mentioned above, having been conveyed to the weflern coaft of Pangaimotoo the preced- ing night, by one of the Efperance's boats, had hefitated fome time about going on fhore, and had inquired of the boat's crew, with an air of great uneafmefs, which way Feenou had gone, when he went on fhore in the evening. At laft he ventured to land, but crawled along the beach on his hands and knees for more than three hundred paces, before he durft; proceed into the interior part of the ifland.
Clofe by the market, to which the natives brought their different kinds of provifion, we ob- ferved a woman of extraordinary corpulence, at leafl fifty years of age, round whom the natives formed a very numerous circle. Some o£ them
paid
March.] of la perouse, 129
paid her their re£pe6ls in our prcfence, by taking her right foot and placing it on their head, making a very low bow : others came and touched the fole of her right foot with their ,right hands. Several chiefs, whom we knew% paid her other marks of their reverence. We were informed that this lady was Queen Tine. Her hair, cut to the length of about two inches and half, was covered, as well as part of her forehead, with a reddifh powder.
After having expreffed her inclination to go on board the Recherche, to fee the Commander of our expedition, Ihe invited us to accompany her, and immediately fet off with part of her court. She prefented General Dentrecafleaux with fe- veral very fine mats, a hog, and fome yams ; and he gave her in return various pieces of ftuff^ on which ihe appeared to fet a great value.
Defirous of knowing what effc(fl our vocal mufic, accompanied by a violin and cittern, would have on thefe people, we entertained them with a fpecimen, and had the pleafure of perceiving that it was pleafmg to them ; but a (cw tunes on a bird-organ obtained more ilriking marks of their applaufe.
Queen Tine, unwilling to remain in our debt, ordered fome young girls of her fuite to fmg.
One
•J3I) VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l 7^3.
One of the prettieft immediately rofe, and we did not fail to applaud her performance. She iung, indeed, nothing but which flie continued
apou lellcy; apou LUcy i apuu lelley ; apou lelky j
repeating for half an hour at leafi: ; but fbe dif- played fo much grace in the a(5lion with which ilie accompanied this air, that we were forry fhe finiihed fo foon. She moved her arms forward, one after the other, following the meafure, and at the fame time raifed her feet alternately, though without quitting her place : the time flie marked with her fore-finger, which, after having been bent by the thum.b, was let go, againft the • middle finger ; and fometimes by moving the thumb againll: the fore and middle fingers. The beauty of thefe movements de- pended greatly on the fine fliape of the hand and arm, which is fo common among thefe people, and was flriking in this young woman. Soon after two other young girls repeated the fame air, which they fung in parts, one fmging uniformly a fifth to the other ; and feveral men rofc to dance to the mufic of their melodious voices. Thefe marked the time by movements analogous
to
March.] of la perouse. 3 31
to thofe of the young women, at firft with their feet, and frequently carrying one of their hands to the oppofite arm.
We took the words of this air (apou Iclley, charming evening) as a comphment from the iflanders, congratulating themfelves on Ipending the afternoon with us.
The queen tailed the different diflies we of- fered her, but fhe gave a particular preference to preferved bananas. Our maitre-d'hotel Hood be- hind her in readinefs to remove her plate, but Ihe faved him the trouble, by keeping both it and -the table-cloth for herfelf.
Tine w^as extremely tenacious of the honours, which the chiefs could not refufe to pay when they met her ; and hence fome of them avoided her prefence. Fecnou, and the brother of King Toobou were on board, and had juft promifed to ftay and dine with us when flie arrived. They immediately intreated, with great earneft- Iiefs, that ihe might not be permitted to come, upon deck ; but fhc came on board at once w^ithout ceremony, and the two chiefs haftened into their canoes, becaufe otherwife they would have been obliged, as many of the natives aiiiired us, to come and take her right foot, and carry it very refpedfully to their heads, as a token of their inferiority. The queen informed us with an air
of
132 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l793.
of fatisfaftion, that King Toobou himfelf was bound to pay her thefe marks of rcfpecfl, becaufe it was from her he derived his dignity.
After having informed us that fhe purpofed to take up her abode in the ifland of Pangaimotoo, as long as we ftaid in the road, fhe invited the General to come and reilde on fhore, and ileep in her houfe. I do not imagine that the old lady had any other intention, than to procure him a more pleafant and healthy refidcnce than he had on board : but the General had no opportunity of afcertaining with precifion her motive for this obliging offer, for he did not accept her invita- tion.
One of our failors had in his hand a bit of bacon, which he was going to eat, when Feogo, one of Tine's maids of honour, appeared defirous of tailing it. He oiFered it to her, and fhe re- ceived it with thankfulnefs : but as fhe could not think of eating it in the royal prefence, the Queen had the complaifance to go and fit about twelve paces off, that her attendant might be at a dif- tance from her ; yet before fhe quitted her place, fhe had received from the young la-dy the fame marks of refped:, as others of the natives had al- ready paid her in our prefence.
Two hours before fun-fet, Tine exprcfTcd a wifh to return to the ifland of Pangaimotoo, and
Ibon
March.] of la perouse. 133
foon after went in our barge with part of her at- tendants.
We had feen in Blights narrative, that, juft as be was preparing to quit the ifland of Tofoa, the failor, whom he had fent on fhore to'caft off the mooring of the launch, was killed by one of the natives. The people of Tongataboo informed us that the murder was committed by a chief named Moudoulalo ; but we could not learn the motive which had induced him to this exceffive barbarity. All of us were aftonifhed at the coolnefs with which the natives told the tale.
We had already feen feveral knives of Engli{h manufacture in the hand of the natives ; and this morning early Feenou brought us a bayonet that he had received from Captain Cook, the point of which he requefted us to Iharpen, as it was blunted.
In the afternoon we vifited fome iflets, lying at a very little diftance from each other between Tongataboo and Panga'imotoo. Thsy are all connected together by a fhoal, which is almoft wholly dry at low water.
• We firft arrived at a bank of fand, lately emerg- ed from the water, on which, hov/ever, a com- mencement of vegetation already appeared. From this, called by the natives Inmi, we proceeded to the little iile oi Mamma ; to reach which we were
obliged
134 VOrYAGE iSr SEARCH [1793.
obliged to crofs a tolerably rapid current, not above fix feet deep foon after the tide had begun to make in, and the water of which was warmed by paffing over a beach ftrongly heated by the rays of the fun. Here we found one of the dueen's maids of honour, to whom we prefented a few beads ; and immediately flie fent to catch a counle of fowls to offer us. Thefe we took the trouble of carrying, left fhe fliould have been chagrined at our refufal of them. She was very careful to let us know^ that flie did not give them by way of barter ; affecfling to repeat with an air of dignity ikdi fokatazi, and to inform us by the word adoupe, that fhe made us a prefent of them. Indeed the chiefs never offered to barter their ar- ticles for ours ; they made us prefents, and re- ceived whatever we thought proper to give.
It is remarkable that the natives brought to our market feveral cocks, but very feldorh any hens. Thefe they kept to hatch chickens, and of cotirfe they fold us but few eggs likewifc.
The two fowls now given us were hens, and had been caught in our fight with the fame kind of net, as we had feen employed to take fifh in the open road.
The foil of the illand of Manima is little culti- vated; we fawin it, however, a few fields of yams, cocoa trees, and plantains.
After
March.] of la perouse. 135
After croffing a channel as fhallow as the' preceding, we arrived at Oneata. Having the curiofity to examine the infide of a habitation, conftrucfted with much art, we were greatly fur- prizcd to fee a chief, who, fitting very gravely near the middle of the hut, permitted a fore- mail-man of our fhip to take the greateft free- doms with one of the prettied girls in the ifland. He inforrhed us, on offering fome cocoa nuts, that he could not allow us to drink their liquor within his dwelling., We could not have fup- pofed that the witnefs of the party, we had jull happened to interrupt under his roof, would have been fo rigid to perfons who came thither merely to quench their thirft ; but we made a point of . not difputing the matter with him.
Two natives arrived in the mean time, bring- ing in their hands fome very ripe cocoa nuts opened, and with thefe we faw them prepare a difh, of which they appeared to be very fond. With fhells, fixed in a piece of wood by way of handle, they fcraped out the nuts, which they bruifcd vvith a very hot flone, fo as to make a pulp of it ; this they reduced to the confiftence of a pudding, after mixing it with fome frefh roafted bread-fruit ; which done, they formed it into balls ; and thefe they ate immediately. ■ Under a large fhed we faw a double canoe,
forty
130 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l793.
forty feet long, placed there by the natives to prefcrve it againft the injuries of the weather.
We were not far from the little ifland called Nougou NougoUf when fome of the natives pointed out to us an iflet, by the name of Mackaha, very near Pangairaotoo. We proceeded toward the lafh ifland, and, as the tide was rifmg, we were obliged to wade up to our middles, to reach it. We foon reached the place, where the queen kept a regular court. It was under the fhade of a very bufliy bread-fruit tree, at a fmall diftance from our market. There fhe was giving a con- cert of vocal mufic, in v/hich Futtafaihe fung, he regulating the time, which all the muficians followed with the greateft accuracy. Some per- formed their parts by accompanying the fimple melody of the reft with various modvdations. In thefe w^e occafionally noticed difcords, which feemed to be highly agreeable to the ears of the natives.
During tliis concert we faw a great number of people arrive, each carrying a long pole on his lliouldcr, at the ends of which hung fifh and yams ; and with thefe they immediately formed the bafc of a quadrangular pyramid, which they built up nearly to the height of two yards. This was a prcfent for General Dentrecalleaux, to whom Tine was giving an entertainment.
She
April.] of la perouse. 1^7
She warned us againft the danger of walking alone about the illand in the evening, telling us, that thieves might take advantage of the darknefs, to knock us down with their clubs, and then rob us.
On the ]fh of A.pril, at fix in the morning, the General fct off, agreeably to the invitation of King Toobou, who meant to give him an en- tertainment in the ifland of Tongataboo. We accompanied him, with almoft all the officers of the expedition, and a detachment well armed.
Some of the natives, who followed us in their canoes, made us coaft along fhore toward the weft for fome time, in order to condudl us to a place, where, they informed us, we fhould find a great number of the natives affemblcd with feveral of their chiefs. As foon as we landed, Feenou came to meet the General, and accom- pany him into the midft of a large aficmbly of the natives, with Omaldi at their head. This chief invited him to fit down on his left hand, after having ordered the natives, to arrange them- felves in a circle round him. We refted our- felves a moment on fome m.ats fpread on the ground, under the iliade of feveral trees, fome of w^hich were the cerhera manghas (Indian mango tree), others the hernand'ia ovtgcra (ovigerous jack-in-the-box tree), the fruit of which is ufed.
Vol. II. K by
138 VOYAGE IN SEARCH- £179^^
by thefe people as an ornament. Soon after tve went to fee a very lofty llicd, which ferved as a. fhelter to a war canoe, eighty-feet long, the in- fide of which was ftrengthened by very ftouf knees, placed about a yard diftant from each other. Feenou, after having made us admire the eonftru(5lion of this double canoe, informed uS;.. that he had taken, it in an engagement, which he had fought with the people of the Feejee Wands.
As we proceeded toward the weit, we croiTed a fpaeious enclofure, formed of palifades, the pads of which, placed in an oblique direction, were tolerably near to each other,, within this grew bread-fruit trees, plantain trees, the corypha timhracnllfera' (great fan palm), &c. Farther on, in an enclofkire of much lefs extent, we found a fmall hut, of a conical figure, in whlcfh, we were informed, were depofited the remains of a chief lately dead ; nnd a caution w"as given u&, that entering into it was' prohibited.
After this we walked' on near a quarter of an^ hour in a narrow path, bounded on each fide by palifades, till we reached an extenfive efplanade,. where King Toobouwas foon to arrive (See Plate XXVL). ^ ■
We were invited by Omalai, to take the cool air under a flied, the fliape of which was nearly half an oval, twelve yards in length, by five in
breadth.
April.] of la perouse. 130
breadth. The roof, covered with the leaves of the vacoua, which rendered it impenetrable to the heavieft Ihower, had an elevation of about five yards and a half, and defeended within three quarters of a yard of the ground, on which fome fine mats were fpread. The floor was raifed fix or eight inches higher than the furrounding eartfe, which fecured it from all danger of being over- flowed ; and the roof was fiipported by ten pillars.
At length Toobou arrived with two of his daughters, who had poured on their hair an abun- dance of cocoa-nut oil, and wore each a neck- lace, made with the pretty feeds of the ahrus pre- caior'ins.
The natives formed a great concourfe on all fides. According to our eftimation, at leafl four thoufand of them were prefent.
The place of honour, no doubt, was on the king's left hand, for it was there he invited the General to fit, who immediately ordered the pre- fents, which he intended for Toobou, to be brought forward. The king exprefTed much thankfulnefs for them ; but, of all that was offered him, nothing fo much excited the admiration of this numerous affembly, as a piece of crimfbn damafk, the lively colour of which produced from all fides an exclamation of eho ! eho ! which-they continued repeating a long time, w4th an appear-
K 2 ance
140 - .^ VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l/QS.
ance of the greateft furprifc. They uttered the fame exclamation, when we unrolled a few pieces of ribbon, in which red was the predominant co- lour. The General then prefcntcd a fhe-goat with kid, a he-goat, and a couple of rabbits, one a buck, the other a doe, of which the king pro- mifed to take the greateft care, and to let them breed and- multiply in the ifland.
Omalai, who, Toobou told us, was his fon, alfo received fome prefents from the General, as did ieveral other chiefs.
On our right, toward the north-eaft, were thirteen muficians, featcd under the fliade of a bread-fruit tree, which was loaded with a prodi- ■glous quantity of fruit. They fung together in different parts. Four of them held in their hands a bamboo of a yard, or a yard and a half long, with which they beat time on the ground ; the iongeft . of thefe bamboos fometimes ferving to mark the meafure. The founds thefe inftru- ments gave approached tolerably near thofe of the tambourin, and the following were their propor- tions to each other. Two bamboos of the middle ^ length were in unifon, the longefl was a note and a half below them, and the fllortcft was two notes and a half above. > The mulician, that fung the counter-tenor, made- his voice be hear-d much above the reft, though it was a little hoarfe-; and
at
April.] of la perouse. 141
at the fame time he accompanied it by beating with two Httle fticks of cafluarina on a bamboa fix yards long, cleft throughout its whole length. Three muficians placed before the others expreffed the. fubjecl of their fong by adion alfo, which no doubt they had thoroughly ftudied, for their gef-! tures were performed all together, and in the. fame manner. Every now and then they turn<?,d toward the king, making not ungraceful motions with their arms : fometimes they bowed their heads quickly, till the chin touched the breaft, and fhook them feveral times, &c.
In the mean time Toobou prefented the G<:- neral with fome pieces of ftuff fabricated with the bark of the paper mulberry tree, caufmg them to be fpread abroad with a great deal of oftenta- tion, that we might be fenfible of all the value of the gift.
One of his minifters, who fat on his right hand, ordered kava to be prepared, and prefently a wooden bowl, of an oval fhape, and a yard long (See Plate XXXI, Fig. 9), was brought in full of this liquor.
The muficians, no doubt, had referved their choiceft pieces for this inftant ; as now, at every paufe they made, the cry of mdii, mdli, refounded from every quarter, and the reiterated applaufes
K3 of
142 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l793.
of the natives informed us, that this muiic made tL very ftrong and pleafmg imprefTion upon them.
The kava was then diftributed to the different chiefs, by him who had given orders for its pre- J)aration. He fent it to them in cups, which were made on the ipot with the leaves of the plantain, and every time he offered a cup, he pronounced, in a pretty loud voice, the name of him for whorh it was intended. Feenou he ferved firft, faying maye maa Feenou ; and he did the fame to the other chiefs, all whofe names we could eaiily pronounce. Some of thefe, perhaps, the reader will not be difpleafed to hear : they were Ntifatoa, Fefe, Mqfi, Famouna, Fatoumona, Szc.
We may prefume, it was neceffary, that fomc of the chiefs fhould judge of the goodnefs of the liquor, before the king drank, for it was not of* fered to him till it came to the fourth pup. None Was fent to his daughters ; and indeed it always appeared to us, that this Hquor was rcferved cn-^ tirely for the men,
Notwithflanding the prefence of the General, the king very foon fell afleep, mid fnored aloud, with his legs croffed, and his head bowed down almoft to his knees. When he awoke, we fhow- td him a drawing of a cow, and afked if that given to King Poulaho by Captain Cook had bred.
Hq
April.] of la perouse. 143
He knew the animal perfecftly well, which he called boMa toote, and told us, there were none now at Tongataboo, but there were at Hapaee. Several of the natives, however, ailured us, imi- tating at the fame time tolerably well their low- ing, that there were fome at Tongataboo, though others denied it. Thus we were unable to learn what had become of the bull and cow, which Captain Cook had left on the ifland ; and it was the fame with regard to the horfe and mare, which he had given to Feenou. Perhaps they were afraid that we Ihould require fome of thefe •animals from them.
Quitting the aiTembly, we walked toward the «cafl, .afcending a gentle flopc. At firft we pafTed .along paths bordered with palifadoes^ but we ibon reached the end of thefe,. and came to fields of yams fully cropped. Farther on, the ground, recently turned up, exhibited every appearance of fertility^
We -foon reached a delightful fpot on the top of a little hill, where the natives had formed a ibrt of rotunda, about four yards wide, with pali- fades, and fome fhrubs cut with art. * Under this jrotunda we ftill faw the remains of lava roots, that had been chewed ; and round it v/ere twenty- four fmall huts, conftru^led, in a. circle of fifteen ^or fixtcen yards diameter. Thefe huts were all
K 4 covered
144 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [T793,
covered with cocoa leaves, interlaced together ; thfeir fhape was nearly that of half an oval, three yards long by two broad ; and they were divided at the top, throughout their whole length, by a very narrow Hit, which was the only opening in them, though there was no entering without fe- parating its edges. We were informed by fomc of the natives, who had followed us, that the king frequently came to this place, to drink kava, with feveral of the chiefs of the illand, and that then each went to take a nap in thefe fort of huts.
On returning toward the place of entertain- ment, we went round the largeft circle formed by the natives ; in the midft of which we faw fe- veral ' egui s wives. The wife of Futtafaihe at- tradted.almofh every eye by her beauty ; but fhe took care, from time to time, to acquaint\is, that it was her duty to preferve her fidelity to her huf- band. This fhe exprefled with great fimplicity, by taboo m'lt^t mitzi, words of which I cannot give a literal translation, as may be feen by the vocabulary of the language of the Friendly Iflands, which will be found at the end of this work.
We obferved in the hands of one lady, who appeared to be of fome confideration, a fort of mat, about two feet fquare, and of a white co- lour, made of the hair of a horfc'stail. Pof-
fibly
April.] of la perouse. 14S
fibly they were obtained from thofe which Cook left on the ifland ; but Ihe would not fatisfy oitr curiofity on this head.
The King had ordered his fubjedls to bring the prefents which he intended for the General ; and ever fince half after ten we had {etn many arrive at iritervals, each of them carrying on his Ihoulder a bamboo two yards long, at the ends of which hung fmall filhes ofthejcan/s and c/iatodon genera, moft of them ready drelTed, and wrapped in cocoa-leaves; others brought bread-fruit, yams, (&c, ; and prefently, by laying their bamboos ' acrofs e^ch other, they raifed tvy^o portions of triangular pyramids;, one of them two yards high, the other one yard only. The raw fifli already began to ftink very much.
About one o'clock in the afternoon Toobou went away, without faying a word to any perfon. We then left the affembly, and were accompanied to the place where we landed by Feenou and Omala'i, who ordered a whole hogjuft drcifed, fome fifli, yams, and bread-fruit, to be brought us, and invited us to fit down to our repafl ; but their hog not being half ready, for fiich is their ufual mpde of cookery, we preferred going on board to dinner.
They then requefted us to accept thefe dif- ferent articles of provifion, which they ordered
to
J40 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l7(?3.
to be carried into our long-boat, while others of the natives, in obedience to the orders of Toobou, were filling it with the eatables taken from the pyramids, that had been €re6led for our Com- mander. In a very little time, every thing was ready for our departure.
Our boats having been obliged to pufh off from the fliore, on account of the low water, we could not reach them but by croffing a coral bank co- vered with water for more than three hundred paces : but we found the natives extremely civil ; for, that we might not be wetted, they carried us to fome rocks juft above water, to w^hich others came with their canoes to fetch us, and conveyed us to our boats.
The men who carried us appeared well fatis- fied with the articles we gave them for their trouble ; but in this fhort paiTage others contrived to gain ftill more, by robbing us at their eafe, after having crept flily behind us, while their countrymen had us on their backs. All thefe pickpockets, however, did not meet with equal iucccfs, for we gave chace to fome, whom wc forced to reftore what they had taken.
As foon as we got on board, the commanding officer informed us that, during our abfence, he had caufed a native to be feized, at the moment ■when he was going off with fevcral articles of
hardw^are.
April.] of la perouse. 147
hardware, which he had ftolen between decks ; and that Futtafaihe, reprobating the habit of pil- fering, of which the natives were every day guilty towards us, had affeded to fay pubhcly, that the culprit fhould be puniflied with death. But this, they foon perceived, was all artifice on the part of the chief; for, as foon as they began to infiift the punifhment of the rope's end on the pilferer, he interceded for, his pardon, which, however, was not granted ; and Futtafaihe feemed to be greatly affed:ed at his receiving the five-and- twenty ftripes, which he had been condemned to fuffer.
2d. Pretty early the next morning, we re- ceived a vifit from Tonga, who accompanied his father Toobou, the King's brother. They both took a great deal of trouble to explain to us all the dignities of their family.
Tonga fcveral times gave us proofs of great intelligence, in particular when we fhowed him a chart of the Friendly Iflands con{l:rud;ed by Captain Cook. He firft glanced his eye rapidly over the archipelago ; and then, flopping at Tongataboo, he obferved to us, that feveral reefs of rocks had been laid down which did not exift ; informing us that, to the north-weft we fhould find a paiTage, through which we might eafily <:arry our veflels into the open fea. This infor-
mation
148 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l 793.
mation was the more important to us, bccaufe we had fuppofed, that we muft get out of the road through the narrow channel by which wc had en- tered; and in which we Ihould probably have h^d to work out againft the prevailing winds, which would be extreniely favourable to our paf- fmg out throTigh the new channel. Tonga of- fered to fhovv it us, and would fleep on board that night, to condud: to it Citizen Beaupre, our engineer- geographer, who would afcertain
its pofition.
On an excuriion w^e made into the country
neareft the anchoring place, we found among a group of the natives a young perfon, who had all the characleriftics of an albino, and who w-as in other refpe6ls of a very fickly complexion, as is commonly the cafe, for this deviation from na- ture is owing to a ftate of difeafe.
3d. In the morning of the third, having lur- prifed fome of the natives, who were making off to the coafl of Tongataboo with fome ar- ticles, which they had juft ftolen from our Ihip, the commanding officer fcnt fome of our people in purfuit of them; when one of the party, who had caufed himfelf to be announced as a chief, faid, that he would punifh them himfelf, and would bring us the next day the things that had been ftolen. But it appeared, that he was con- nected
April.] of la perouse. ' 149
nedlcd with the thieves, for he took care never to return on board again.
When we went afhore, Omalai accompanied us, and admired the boat's rudder for a long time. He was defirous of fleering himfelf, and did fo with great ilcill. Thefc people ufe nothing but paddles for fleering their canoes.
The ladies, in drcffing their hair, made ufe of cocoa-nut oil, previoufly perfumed with a fmall feed, which they cail la7iga kali, and which is gathered on the ifland of Tongataboo. On examining a little of the oil, we obferved, that fome of the bruifed nut, which in their language is called mou, was mixed with it, Theyexpofed the nuts to the fun, after having fprcad them on mats, in order to dry them, before they prefs out the oil, with which the women anoint the upper parts of the body, no doubt to preferve the fup- plenefs of the ll^in, and to prevent too copious perfpiration. They prefene the oil in the feed- pod of the mehdhius fcandenSy after having taken out the feed. When we bou2;ht fome of thefc little phials, a reprefentation of which may be feen in Plate XXXI, Fig. 14, we frequently threw away the oil, left' it ihould run out in our pockets; but the women, feeing us with regret wafte an article which they much value, commonly came forward to receive it on their heads, arid then,
with
J50 VOYAGE IK SEARCH [l793.
With their hands, they ipread it over their fhoul- ders and arms.
The natives had already fold us a great number of clubs of various forms, and falliioned with fkill, as may be feen in Plate XXXIII : and we ^ faw feveral who were employed in cutting out others with Ihark's teeth fixed at the extremity of a piece of wood (Plate XXXII, Fig. 23). We were aftoniflied to fee them cut with a chifel like this the wood of the caftiar'may notwith- ftanding its extreme hardnefs. Others already handled the iron tools they had obtained from us with coniiderable dexterity. All thefe workmen had a little bag of malting, containing pumice- ftoncs, with which they poliihed their work.
I obferved feveral cotton-plants of the fpecies called gojjipmm rdlghfiim, growing in unculti- vated places ; and I faw, with furprife, that the fine cotton, which might be procured from it in abundance,, was not ufed by the native^ in any of their works.
About nine in the evening we perceived a canoe cloie by one of our buoys. Apprehenlive that the people in her would cut the buoy-rope, we fent one of our boats in chace of her ; but the boat had fcarcely put off from the fhip*s fide, when fomebody was heard to fall into the water. Oar men immediately haftcned to the perfon's
affiftance ;
Jhif'^trJ^--i'forJka,i(e. Ticmrlitlv.'i^^/r'rrC/iPOO.
April.] of la perouse. 151
affiflance ; when feeing him fwim away, with- out fpeaking a word, we had no doubt but it was a thief making off with his booty. He was pur- fued immediately, frequently efcaped by diving, and was not taken at laft till he had been wounded in the thigh with a boat-hook, which was employed to catch hold of him. As foon as he was brought on board, he was fecnred upon deck, where he remained all night. He confeflcd that, having taken fevcral things out of our launch, he had conveyed them to the canoe, which was in waiting for them near our buoy, and had made off without delay. In half an hour afterwards, we fancied w^e faw her llowly ap- proaching our fliip aftern, in fearch of the native whom we had feized. The men in our yawl im- mediately pulled away toward her, and when they came up with her, th'i;y found in her only one man and two paddles : but they foon difcovered that ihe had brought us another thief, who hadl^ roamed about the fhip till the arrival of another canoe, that came to convey him afliore. As foon as our people got fight of her, they gave her chace, but the natives in her paddled away with iuch fpecd, that it was impoffible to overtake them.
4th. At three o'clock in the morning Citizen Beaupre returned with Tonga, after having ex- amined
155 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l7Q3,
amlncd the paiTage toward the north -weft, of which Tonga had given us information. They had run along very clofe to Attata, which they had left on the larboard, as they failed from our anchorage. Kepa, the chief of this little ifland, had come to meet them, and, received them with great civility. In the morning he came to fee us, and inquired after Captain Cook, v.'ho, he told us, was his friend. On being informed of his death, he could not refrain from tears, and took out of his girdle a Ihark's tooth, with which he was going to v/ound his cheeks, in order to exprefs the violence of his grief, if we had not prevented him.
The art of phyfic is prad:ifed among thofe people with a parade of myftery. One of our crew, who had accompanied us along the beach, having hurt his wrift by an exertion, a native of- fered to cafe the pain, and fucceeded pretty quickly by fqueezing and preffing the part in- jured, (en viajjant la partie hlefsee) ; at the fame time he blew upon it repeatedly, intending, no doubt, that we fhould afcribe the cure to his breath.
, On the fea-fide we fiw feveral natives occupied in fquaring fome large ftones of the calcareous kind, which, we we're informed, were intended to be em.ployed in' burying a chief, who was re- lated
April.] of la perouse. 153
latcd to Futtafaihc. They firft removed the earth from them, and then fcparated them by breaking them with a volcanic pebble, round w^hich, near the middle, they took the precaution to wrap pieces of matting, to prevent the fplinters from flying into their eyes. They w^ere Scarcely below the furface of the earth, and arranged in ftrata about four inches thick.
We had before obfervcd among thefe people a game with the hands, which they call hagut, and wdilch requires great attention. Tw^o play at it, and it confifls in one's endeavouring inftantly to repeat the figns made by the other, while thc former makes figns in his turn, which the other is to repeat in like manner. We faw two in a party at no great diftance from our market, who >ver<? fo quick at this exercife, that our eyes were fcarcely able to follow their motions'.
' Citizen Lcgrand, who had been fent the day before to difcover fome paffagcs to leeward of our anchorage, returned in the evening, after having found two towards the north.
5th. Early in the morning I fet off, with all the other naturalifts of our expedition, for the ifland of Tongataboo. Some of the natives would carry us thither in their little canoes, but moft of us, not being fufficiently careful in preferving our equilibrium, upfet them as foon as they put off. Vol. IL L ' We
■V>
154 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l793
We then determined to go in their double ca- noes, which they managed very ikilfully, and loon fet us alhorc, making the paflage under fail. The maft was fet up in that canoe which was to leeward.
We were o^bliged to get out of the canoes more than fix hundred ' paces from the Ihore, on ac- count of the fliallownefs of the water, through which the natives carried us on their backs. They then fhowed us the dwclUng of Toobou, the king's brother, where we flopped; and the gardener made him a prefent of feveral kinds of feeds, that were brought from Europe, chiefly of culinary vegetables, which the chief promifed us to cultivate with care. We left him, to ftrike into the woods; the foi^l of which was of a cal- careous nature ; and we obferved in different places heaps of madrepores, which proved that the waters of the feahad long covered the ground. On the trees we obferved many large bats, of the fpecies called vefpeM'io vampynis (the vampire bat), which the inhabitants told us were very good food.
We were near the middle of the wood, when a native, who had crept behind one of our party, fnatched out of his hands a pair of pincers, which he ufed for catching infe6ls. The thief inftantly took to his heels ; but he had fcarcely run four-
fcore
April.] of la perouse. 155
fcore paces, when, finding himfelf brifkly and clofely purfued, he placed himfelf behind a tree, round which he turned feveral times, to avoid being caught. Our companion, however, laid hold of his clothes, and fancied himfelf on the point of recovering his pincers, as he imagined he had the thief faft : but what was his furprife, when the other loofened his girdle, and left his clothes behind him, to efcape with the article he had ftolen !
We foon'got into the fields, where v/e faw the property of each individual divided into fmall en- clofurcs, furrounded by palifades, and completely cultivated. The Indian cole, arum efculentum, grew there vigoroufly among many other vegeta- bles, which I have already mentioned, and v/hich equally with it are ufed as food by the natives. The fugar- canes we faw there, were planted at a pretty confiderable diftance from each other, under the Ihade of the hiocarpus eduUs, the fruit of which thefe people roaft and eat, its flavour much refembling that of the chefnut. In the fame enclofure, we faw feveral of the orange- leaved Indian mulberry trees (morhida citrtfolmj, loaded uith ripe fruit, which is much efleemed by the natives. They brought us a great quan- tity of this fruit for a few days when we firft an- L 2 chore d
.156 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [I/QS*^
•
chored here> but we rcfufed it on account of its infipidity.
After proceeding foitie way to the caftward, we flopped, to examine two little huts, erc(5led in an enclofure of fmall extent, and fhadowed by fbme fine flTaddock trees, loaded with fruit, and .feveral cafuarhia trees. Some natives informed us, that the remains of two chiefs of Toobou's family had been depofited in them. We lifted up the mat, which clofed the entrance of the larger. The furface of -the ground within was covered with fand, and toward the middle we obferved an oblong fquarcj formed of fmall peb- bles of different colours. None of the natives who were with us, would gather any of the fliaddocks, no doubt from refpe6l to the dead, though we defired to buy fome of them. They faid that they could not fell them to us.
In a fhort time we returned to the houfe ot Toobou, to whom we made a complaint againft the flealerof the pincers. He promifed to return • them to us the next day ; and he kept his word. This chief prefTed us to fpend the night in his habitation; but wx would not accept his ofFer^ left our abfencc lliould occaiion any uncalinefs on board.
Thefe people are accuflomcd to geld their pigs,
with
APEIt.] OF LA PEROUSE. 157
with a view to render the flcfh more delicate. We faw this operation performed on a very young pig, which one of the natives laid on the back, after having tied his legs, while another made an incifion into the fcrotum with the edge of a piece of bamboo, and removed the tcfticles, feparating them from the parts to which they ad- hered, with all the dexterity of an anatomift.
Toobou treated us with fowls broiled on the coals ; yams, plantains, and bread-fruit, roafccd under the afhes ; and the liquor of the cocoa-nut to drink.
Three of the dau2;hters of this chief came to keep us company. They -talked a great deal ; and though wc were very hungry, they did not fcruple to interrupt us frequently, by forcing us to anfwxr their queilions, which related chieflv to the cuf- toms o{ the French, particularly thofe of the women. As they obferved our feamen addrei^ every one indifcriminatcly, they enquired with earnellncfs, whether the women w ere not lahooed in France ; that is to fay, whether they enjoyed the fame libertv as mofl: of thofe in their idand. The anfwer, by which we endear oiircd to con- vey to tiicm an idea of our cuftoms, pieafed them highly. They informed us, that the egiiis (chiefs) x)f Tongataboo had feveral wives ; and aik.ed how |i^any wi\"es a French egul ufually had. When L 3 they
158 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l 793..
they underflood that each had but one, they burft out into a laugh ; and we had great trouble to perfuade them, that the egut lai (kings) of Eu- rope, had no more, which gave them no very high idea of their power.
Of all the articles with which we prefented the ladies, odoriferous waters were moft efleemed. They appeared to us as paffionately fond of per- fumes, as moll of the inhabitants of warm cli- mates : and yet their bodies were partly be- fmeared w^ith cocoa-nut oil, w^hich difFufed a dif- agrecaMe odour.
One of the fineft girls in this party having the little finger of the left hand wrapped round w^ith a piece of fluff of the paper mulberry, which ap- peared bloody, we begged to fee the wound. An- other immediately took down from the roof, under which we fat, a piece of a plantain' leaf, out of which fhe drew the firfl two joints of the little finger, of the young girl, who had them very lately cut off, in order to cure her, as flie told us, of a fevere difeafe. She fhowed us the hatchet, made of a volcanic flone, which had been ufed for the operation ; and informed us, that the edge had firfl been placed at the extremity of the third phalanx of the finger, and then the operator flruck a fmart blow on the head of this hatchet with the handle of another.
This
April.] of la perouse. 15q
This young pcrfbn foon lefrus ; but, before llie went away, Ihe kilTed Toobou's daughters after the manner of the inhabitants of the Friendly Iflands, which is by touching with the tip of the nofe the nofe of the pcrfon you falute. It is re- markable, that thefe illanders, who pretty much refemble Europeans, have, notwithftanding, the extremity of the nofe a little flattened : this flight deformity may very probably be owing to the cuftom, of which I have juft fpoken.
Toobou's daughters changed names with us ;
an eftablifhed cuftom among thefe people, to
teftify their affe6lion. They then played a very
monotonous duet on flutes made of bamboo : but
r we were rriuch amufeci'at feemg them blow with
the^nofe into a hole at the extremity of the in- flrument, in order to make it found. We re- ceived from them as a prefent fome combs of a very elegant fliape, represented in Plate XXXII. Fig. 21.
The natives, who formed a circle round us, having ilolen feveral of our things, we complained of it to Toobou's daughters, who foon after left us without faying a word, probably to go in fearch of their father, and rcqueft him to come and put an end to thefe pilferings ; but, as we could not wait till their return, we foon began to walk to- ward the ifland of Panga'imotoo. The tide being L 4 very
l60 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l/O^.
very low, we eafily paiTed over the fhoals, which connect the iflets with the principal ifland. We flopped about half way at a hut, where we were witnefics of the manner, in which a woman was eating her meal, that appeared to us laughable enough. Sitting near a poft, and motionlefs as a ftatue, fhe opened her mouth from time to time, to receive morfels of bread-fruit, which another woman put into it. We were informed, that it was not allo\^'able far her to touch any kind of food with, her own hands, hecaufe a few days be- Fore flie had waflied the body of a deceafed chief.
When we arrived at Pangai'motoo, Queen Ti- ne, fitting under a fhed covered vsfith cocoa-leaves, and ereded under the Ihade of feveral fine bread- fruit trees, was giving an entertainment to Gene- ral Dentrecafteaux. She firft ordered fome young perfons of her attendants to dance, which they did with infinite gracefulnefs, fniging at the fame time, while Futtafaihe, who was flanding, di- rected their movements, and animated them by his voice and geflures. (See Plate XXV 1 1.)
After this we had a grand concert, which dif- fered little from that the Iving had given us a few days before, only on the prefent occafion the ex- preffion of joy was much more lively.
The Queen was furrounded by women, while ^ great number of rnen kept at a little diflancQ
oppofitc
April.] of la perouse. 30i
oppofite to her, forming a circle round the mufi- cians.
When the women had ceafed dancing, feveral men rofe up, each holding in his hand a little club, nearly of the fliape of a paddle. Thefe they brandifhed about, keeping time with much pre- cifion, and making different movements with their feet. The muficians, after they had fung fome tunes in very flow time,- fung often very quick, which gave this fort of pyrrhic dance a very animated adlion, that we admired for a long while. The fubjed: of this dance excited our curiofity ; but we foon found, that its obje6l was to cele- brate the great deeds of fome of their warriors. The women occafionally united their voices with thofe of the men, accompanying their fong with very graceful movements.
One of the armourers of the Efperance was much furprized to fee among thefe dancers, and not far from Futtafaihe, the native who had flolen his fabre ; this chief having always aflured us that he could never find out the thief. It ap- peared to us, however, that it was one of his at- tendants: but he retired with precipitation as foon as he perceived that' he was known.
During this time a pyramid of bamboos had been ereded, to which w^ere fufpended different
fruits.
jgi VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l/^Q^.
fruits, defigned as a prefent to the General from Queen Tine.
We cxpreffed a ftrong deflrc to fee fome of the natives engage in a wreftling match ; but we were told that a fpe^lacle of this fort was never exhi- bited before the Queen.
• This entertainment had attracted a great num- ber of the natives, among whom were feveral thieA^es, whofe impudence was continually in- creafmg. They had already taken feveral articles from fome or other of us by open force, and run off with them into the woods.
More than thirty of us were aifembled toge- ther, and we were quenching our thirft with the delicious liquor of the cocoa-nuts, which Tine had juft prefented to the General, when a native had the audacity to fnatch a knife out of one of our hands. Indignant at fuch effrontery, feveral of our party immediately ran after the thief, and purfued him as far as the illand of Tongataboo ; but, finding themfelves furrounded by a great number of the natives, they prefently returned to- ward our anchoring place. The fmith of the Re- cherche, however, a German by birth, thought it was proper to fliow more courage than the rell, by venturing farther and farther among the* natives. Thefc foon faced about, purfued him in their
turn^
April.] of la perouse. 163
turn, as foon as they found him inchned to malte off, and even attempted to ftrike him with their clubs : but he kept them at bay a long time, by prefenting to the moil forward a bad piftol, which he feveral times attempted to fire. Being now about feven hundred yards only from our fliips, he fancied himfeif fecure from any attempt on their part, when on^oj^them laid open his IkuU with a club, and another threw a fpear at his back. A great number of them fell upon him, and con- tinued their blows till they thought he was dead. One of them tried repeatedly to fhoot him with his own piftol, which they had feized, but fortu- nately the priming was gone. They were already dividing his clothes, when they were obferved from the Efperance, and a cannon v/as immedi- ately fired, the ball of which pafTed very near the affaflins, and quickly difperfed them. We ran from all quarters to the affiftance of the unfor- tunate fmith. One of the crew, having come along the beach to his fuccour, was attacked by a native, who knocked out tw^o of his teeth with his club ; but the aflault coft him his life, for he was inftantly fhot dead. Our fmith was foon raifed from the ground, and, though his head was laid open at the left frontal fjnus to a confiderable extent, and he had other very dangerous wounds,
he
lG4 VOYAGE IN SEARCH ' [l7Q3-
he had ftill fufficient courage to walk to the boat, Supported only by the arms.
A few guns loaded with langragc were fired, to proted: fuch of us as were on fhore. The na- tives fled on all fides, and colieded in very nume- rous bodies in different parts of the ifland : and, to endeavour to difperfe them, and to bring off thofe of our people, who were ftiK in the interior of the ifland, a detachment was fent on Ihore well armed.
Several chiefs, affembled clofe by our market with fome of us, were rifmg to depart ; but they yielded to our invitation not to quit the place.
Prefently we faw a launch manned and armed coming from the Efperance, under the command of Trobriant, her Firft-Lieutenant. Knowing very little of the occafion of the alarm, and fuppofmg that all the natives were preparing to fall upon ws, he ordered his party to feize upon* a double canoe, jufl as fhe was coming to the Ihore, totally igfiorant of all that had paffed . Moff of the natives in her immediately leaped into the fea ; but the chief, to whom flie belonged, remaining on the deck, Trobriant fent one of the crew to feize him. On his attempting to ffrike the chief with a club the chief difarmed him ; they laid hold of each other ; and Trobriant thought proper to fire on
the
April.] of la perouse. ^ l55
the chief^ whom he fliot dcv^d. We were all ex- tremely grieved at this misfortune.
Another native, witneffing what paffed, leaped from the canoe's maft-head into the fea, not dar-- ing to come down upon deck : and immediately a, negro, whom we had taken on board at Am- boyna, purfued him with a pike, w'hich he had in his hand, but fortunatclv could not overtake him.
The rage of thcfc barbarians was not yet ap- peafed. A marine, by birth a German, whom like wife we fliipped at Amboyna, perceiving the daughter of the unfortunate chief, who had con- cealed herfclf in the bottom of the canoe, had al- ready raifed his fabrc to run her through, when a - gunner belonging to the Recherche, Citizen Avi-. gnon, caught hold 'of the madman's' arm. He - then threw himfclf between him and the poor girl, whofe mother foon gained the fliore, dif- trad:cd at thie death of her hufband. The daugh- ter, too, wept bitterly for the lofs of her father,, and we faw her beating herfelf violently with the fift on the cheeks and brealt.
We detained as hoftagcs the fon of the king, and Titifa, chief of the ifland of Panga'imotoo : but we -all remarked w^ith forrow, the dejcd:ion into which this confinement threw the king's fon, whom we had oftqn feen ilTue his coni- mands with fuch haughtinefs to the fubjeds of
hi J
1(55 VOYAGE TI^ SEAJICH [l79^*
his father. He frequently repeated that he was our friend, and that he could wifli to accompany us to France. Titifa, on the contrary, exprefled not the leaft fear.
Thefe two chiefs fpent the night in the great cabin of the Recherche. Each had brought with him a wooden pillow, of the fhape of that repre-. fentedin Plate XXXIII. Fig. 35, on which, after- lying down, they laid the back part of their head, according to thecuftom of thefe people, which is no doubt the caufe of the very perceptible flat- tening obferved in that part.
During the night we faw a greater number of fires oa the north coafl: of Tongataboo, than we had ever perceived before.
The next morning at day-break we were awakened by the piercing cries of two women, who were making their lamentations, as they went round our iliip in their canoe. They cried alternately one after the other, no^ doubt that their voices might be diftinguiflied by Titifa, who knew them immediately. Thefe women were his wife and daughter, who, in their grief, beat their cheeks and breall with their iifts. He im- mediately ran upon deck, but could not quiet their alarm, till he had given them an account of the good treatment he had received on board : and when he told them that he lliould foon re- turn
April.] of la perouse. 167
turn on fliore, they were tranfported with joy. A Ihort time after he and King Toobou's fon were both fent alliore in our barge, to the Ifland of Pangaimotoo. The wife and daughter ofTi- tlfa followed us in their canoe, when, as they were paffing clofe by the Efperance, a blunder"^ bufs went off by accident, and hit their canoc> which they were obliged to quit, as in confe- quence the prefently filled. We took them into our boat, and exprelTed cur great forrow at this mifchance ; but they icon forgot the danger thcj had run, for they were with Titifa, and thought of nothing more but the pleafure- of feeing hitn. fet at liberty. We made them a prefent of a few. articles of hardware, among which a hatchet gave them great fatisfadlion. Titifa told us, he fliould employ this in conllru6ling another canoe, fo that he ihould foon repair the lofs he had j lift experi- enced.
When we landed, moft of the natives retired from the fhore, and wxre proceeding into the in^- terior part of the ifland : but Titifa defired them to return, and ordered them to range themfelves in a circle, which they immediately did. Out trade then recommenced with the greateft order imaginable. This chief would not quit us the w^hole time ; but Toobou's fon difappeared as foon as he fet his foot on fhore.
The
lG8 VO^'-AGE Ilf SEARCH [l793.
The chief, who had been killed the day before By Trobriant, appeared to be greatly loved by the natives, for feveral difplayed much fenfibility in lamenting his death.
For fear they fliould endeavour to make re- prifals on us, the General ordered every perfon belonging to our fhips, to remain w^ithin the place where the trade was carried on.
Our Ihips were fufficiently flocked "with all fuch provifion as thefe people could furnifh. As we had now nothing more to apprehend from the confequences of competition, fome articles of hardware were diftributed among the crew, that they might procure a few things for them- felves. On this the natives raifed their demands, for their goods to a very high price, frequently ajQiing ten times as much as before they had been contented to take.
We faw in their polTcffion an iron hook, v^hich they had had fkill enough to form like thofe which they fabricate of bone, tortoife-lliell, mo-* ther-of-pearl,, and other; animal fiibftances, the figure of which may be feen in Plate XXXII, Fig. 27 and 28. The line, to which it was fixed, was intended, undoubtedly, to fifli in very deep water, for a pretty large piece of alabafter, cut into a conical Ihape, was failened to it. (Sec Plate XXXII, Fig. 25 and 20).
Titifa
^J/77,//OC
April".] of la peroUse, iOq
Tltifa and feveral other chiefs were not with- out anxiety, on account of the hoftile intentions of Ibme of the natives toward us. They impart- ed to us their apprehenfions, and perfuaded i»s to return on board before the clofe of the day ; their authority, no doubt, being infufficient to control them.
At night-fall we perceived, that our rudder chains had been taken away. . 7th. We obferved on Ihore feveral young girls, who had cut their hair to the length of an inch, except round the head, and afterwards powdered ' it with lime, for the purpofe, we were told) of making it grow of a light colour. We faw feve- ral others, whofe hair was of this complexion al- ready.
Moft of the women did not defift from afking us for glafs rings' and beads, with which they adorned themlelves, as foon as they obtained them. Their requeft was always accompanied with a pleafmg fmile, and at the fame time they inclined their head, laying. one of their hands on the breaft, in the manner reprefentedPlate XXX, Fig. 1.
Tkifa brousfht us fome nutmegs, which were tolerably round, and as large again as thofe of the cultivated nutmeg, but they were deftitute of aro- matic flavour. The mace w^as covered with a pretty thick down. The natives, obferving we
Vol. II, M received
170 VOYAGE IN SEARCH ^ [l793,
received thefe with plcafure, quickly brought us more.
Thefc people have invented a kind of flute, differing from that called in Europe Pan's reed only in the proportion of the tones. All the pipes gave full notes, and of little extent ; and the high eft is a fourth to the loweft. We purchafed feveral of thefe flutes.
I obtained of our Commander a large box, to hold fome young bread-fruit plants, for the pur- pofe of enriching our colonies with that ufeful vegetable ; and it was placed upon the larboard quarter gallery. Some of the natives procured me a great number of fuckers, and I planted them in very good mould, which they brought me, and which they* called kele kele. I alfo took fome roots and cuttings of this valuable tree, w^hich I buried in loam, ctimmea in their language, placing them horizontally. Thefe cuttings were fo many fhoots, which I intended to plant on our arrival at the Ifle of France.
8th. Queen Tine came on board, juft as Feenou was in the cabin w ith the General, to whom he had brought as a prefent a diadem, made with the beautiful red feathers of the tropic-bird, with fome other very fmall feathers of a brilliant red colour. When he went out of the cabin, to re- turn afliore, he endeavoured to avoid the fight of
the
April.] of la perouse. 171
the queen ; but the moment flie perceived him, file made him come to her, and held out to him her right foot, which he took hold of immedi- ately, and placed on the hind part of his head, making a profound bow, in teftimony of the re- aped: he owed the queen. He dared not refule her thefe honours, though it appeared to us, that he was deeply affe6led by it. The General had juft made him a prefent of feveral iron tools, and w^e obferved with pleafure, that he appeared to know the value of this metal, giving it a very de- cided preference to the bones and volcanic ftones, cyf which moft of the hatchets of thefe iflanders are made.
We were afterwards vifited by different chiefs, who repeated to us, what feveral others had al- ready informed us, refpefting the reigning family. They employed for the purpofe playing cards, with which we furniihed them. Thefe they firft fpread on the table, and then they affigned to each the name of one of the perfonsof the fa- mily ; w hich did not appear to us to bear one common furname, as Captain Cook imagined (that of Futtafaihe, at prefent the name of the ion of Poulaho) ; for Poulaho's father was named Talhouhutou. Taibouloutou married a wife, whofe name w^as Toobouhoii, by whom he had four children ; two fons, Poulaho^ who fucceeded
M 2 him.
172 V.OYAGE IN SEARCH [l793.
him, and Futtafailie ; and two daughters, the one named Tiney the other Nanatchl. When Poul<iho died, he left a fon very young, named Futtafailie y whofe uncle then took into his hands the reins of government: but he did not long furvive his brother, and then the fovereignty devolved upon Tine, the elder fifter. She held all the honours of it, without exercifnig the authority, however ; with which it appears a female cannot be invefl- ed : the power, therefore, paffed into the hand of a chief named Toobou, brother to Tines mother. This queen had married Ovea, one of the chiefs of Tofoa ; and he had divorced her, after having had two fons by her, Vea'icou, and Veatchi.
Thus it apppears, that the fucceffion to the throne devolves firft on the brothers, then on the fifters, of the prince who has reigned, before it comes to his fons ; and when a woman fucceds to the royal title, the fovereign authority is ex- ercifed by one of her mother's nearefi: relations, though only during the life of the queen. The family of Toobou will retain the power during the reign of Tine ; and Futtafailie^ the fon of Fou- lalio, will not afcend the throne, till after the death of both his aunts. The royal family, at this time divefled of the fovereign power, never- theiefs enjoyed the regal honours, and even re- ceived the homage of thofc, by whom the autho- rity
April.] of la peroitse. 173
rity was exercifed, as we obferved on feveral oc- cafions.
Vouacece, one of the chiefs of Feejee, had ar- rived at Tongataboo, foon after we anchored there. We were frequently vifited by him, and he affirmed to us, what he had fald feveral tifnes, that it would take him three days failing, in his double canoe, with a fouth-eaft wind, to reach Feejee, the fituation of which he pointed out to the north- weft. Hence we reckoned, that this ifland, which is very lofty, and of the fertility of which he boafted. much, was about a hundred and fifty leagues from Tongataboo. This is an immenfe voyage for people, who, having no in- ftruments, fteer only by obferving the fun and . ftars with the naked eye, as foon as they are out of fight of land : but it is ftill more difficult to conceive, how they can reach Tongataboo from fuch a diftance, when they have to work up againft the fouth-eaft winds ; and they muft be very fure of their marks in the heavens, not to mifs the land, after being obliged to ply to windward, as they are fometimes, for more than a month.
The people of Tongataboo informed us^ that the natives of the Feejee Iflands were cannibals ; but Vouacece endeavoured to exculpate himfeif from this accufation, by afturing us, that the lower clafs of people only, the tottaSf ate human
M3 iiefti
174 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l/QS.
fleih. It appeared to us, however, from what wc learned on other occafions, thai; the chiefs ate it likewife : indeed, as thefe people eat their ene- mies only, and commit this favage a6l folely to glut their rage, it may be prefumed the people of Tongataboo did not impofe upon us when they aflured us that th^ Feejec chiefs themfelves were cannibals.
Unqueftionably the reader will be aftonifhed to hear, that, notwdthftanding this mark of fero- cioufnefs, the arts are much farther advanced at Feejee than at the Friendly Iflands ; the inha- bitants of which never failed to inform us that the finefl articles they fold us came from Feejee, being careful to give us to underfland that they were very decidedly fuperior to thofe which they fabricated themfelves.
Vouacece difplayed much greater defire of ac- quiring knowledge than any native of the Friendly Iflands, moft of whom vifited us folely from mo~ tives of intereft, and examined all parts of our fhip w^ith the greateft attention. He was very w^ell made, and his phyfiognomy w^as ilrikingly exprcf- five of charaaer (fee Plate XXIX. Fig. 2). His hair, ori the fore-part of the head, was ornamentr cA w'th red po>\'der.
The natives of Feejee arc frequently at war "with thofe of Tongataboo ; but, as fooii as hofti-
Vitics
npKH^KtKl-K^\«-?>^
April.,] of la perouse. 175
lities are at an end, a great trade is carried on' between them.
The General received as a prcfcnt from Futta- faihe a little canoe with an out-rigger, which was immediately flowed near the main-chains. It was near ten feet long, a foot wide, and capable of carrying only two perfons. Thefe canoes are decked for about a fifth part of their length at each end, which is fufficient for them to navigate with fecurity within the reefs ; but their double canoes, being intended for the open fea, are decked throughout their whole length, except toward the middle, where a little opening is left for a man to go down and bale out the w^ater when it is neceffary.
I faw with admiration that thefe people had confulted nature in conflrudling their canoes for fpeed. The bottom nearly refemblcs the under part of a £fli of the cetaceous kind, which fwlms with the greateft fwiftnefs, darting along by bounds on the furface of the water, the del- plitnus delphis, the dolphin.
gth. King Toobou having heard that we were foon to quit the ifland, came to Intreat us to poflpone our departure, and appeared extremely forry when he found us determined to go.
The natives imagined, no doubt, that we wiflied to lay in a great flock of bread-fruit, for they
M 4 brought
176 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l 793,
brought much more than ufual to our market 2 but this fruit would not keep k:)ng without rot- ting, unlefs we had cut it into flices and dried it, or fermented it, as the natives do, much in the fame manner as is done in Europe with fe- veral fpecies of cuHnary vegetables. Ever fmce we had been at anchor we had fufficient for our daily confamption : and we ate it with pleafure, relinquilhing for it without regret our bifcuit, and even the fmall allowance o£ frcih bread, which was ufually ferved out to us every day, though this was of a very good quality. We preferred the bread-fruit to yams ; but the na- s tives, w^ho came to dine with us, feemed to eat them almoil: indifcriminately. Our cook com.- monly boiled it for us ; yet it would have tailed much better had he taken the trouble to bake it in the oven.
This fruit is nearly of an oval fhape, about a foot long, and eight inches thick. The W'hole is eatable, except a very thin rind, with which it is covered, and a fmall portion at the centre, where the cells terminate. Thefe contain no feeds, but are full of a very nutritious pulp, eaiy of digellion, fufficiently agreeable to the tafte, and which w^e always ate with frefh pleafure.
During eight months of the year this tree pro- duces its fruits, which, ripening one after another,
thus
April.] of la pERotrss. \yy
thus afford the natives an abundance of whole- fome food. 1 fhall not defcribe it here, as this has been done already by ikilful botanifts. The want of feeds, no doubt, arifes from propagating the tree by fuckers ; and in this refpedl it differs remarkably from the wild ipecies, the fruit of which is much fmaller, not very numerous, and full of large kernels, which are difficult of di- geftion.
The natives brought us a few bits of yellow fanders, and to render its fmell more powerful, they took care to rub it ftrongly with a rafp made of the fkin of the ray, fuch as is reprefented in Plate XXXIL Fig. 24. They told us, that they procured it from the Feejee Mands, whence they ■ call it ha'i-fccjee : and they faid that they had fre- quently endeavoured to tranfplant fom^e of the trees to their own illand, but they could not fuc- ceed.
The canoes round our fliip left us when night was coming on, returning to the neareft part of the ihore, as was cuftomary ; and our men were ftill very merry, wheii the young women, who had found means to get between decks, gave them notice of their departure, faying to them aloud, bo7igut hongiii, m'ltzt ni'itzL Thefc words I fhall not attempt to tranflate ; but from the vocabulary of the language of thefe people, given
toward
178 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [1/93.
toward the end of the prcfcnt work, it may be feen, that the girls were not afhamed to pubUfli what had paffed between them and the crew, at the fame time that they promifed them to come again the next day.
Early the next morning feveral chiefs came to fee us, and announced to the natives, who were already alTembled round our vefTel in their ca- noes, that we were on the point of quitting their ifland : when we were much furprifed to fee a number of young women immediately falling into tears, and uttering piercing cries. No doubt their forrow was very acute, but it was of ihort duration ; for foon after we faw them merry enough with their companions.
Futtafaihe requefted us to fharpen for him a couple of hatchets, which had been given him by Captain Cook, and w^hich he had had reforged on board the Efpcrance. This chief was accom- panied by his wife, who amufcd herfelf a long while by playing with a fort of cup and ball, in- vented by thefe iflanders. This toy confifted of a ball of wood, which flie threw up into the air, and then endeavoured to let fall through a very fmall femicircle of fliell, to which the ball was faftened by means of a long ftring. We were admiring her addrefs, when Futtafaihe, feized with a fit of jealoufy at feeing in her hands fome
prefents
April.] of la perouse. 179
pjefents which fhe had jufl received from one of our officers, began to abufe her ; and though his fufpicions were without foundation, fhe had a great deal of difficulty to perfuade him of his miftake. This chief was with his father-in-law. We made them fome prefents juft as the fon of liing Toobou arrived, and they immediately hid them in their girdles : but Toobou perceived it, and we had foon a frefli proof that if the royal family enjoyed the honours of fovcreignty, the family of Toobou reaped all its 'profits. Too- bou fearched the girdles of the two chiefs, and feized every thing they had juft received. Fut- tafaihe had no other means of revenge but by preventing his eating in his prefcnce, not fuffer- ing him to fit by his fide, and placing his foot on his head : accordingly he prcfented his foot to him foon after, and Toobou paid him the ho- mage due to a perfon of fiiperior rank.
We had many times feen the chiefs openly- taking to themfclvcs things that belonged to people of the lower clafs ; and we always re- marked with furprife that this fpecies of oppref- fion by no mcdns diminiflicd the unalterable gaiety of their dilpofitions. When they were affembled together, you would hear them every moment burfi: out into great peals of laughter. Their government appeared to us, as it did to
Captain
ISO VOYAGE IN SEARCH [^7Q3i
Captaia Cook, to have a confiderable affinity to the feudal fyftem.
Several natives requefted to embark with us, in order to accompany us to France ; and Cap- tain Huon allotted a birth on board the Efperance to Kove, a ic)n of the queen. This chief, to convince us that he was prompted only by the wifh to accompany us, would not accept any of the articles we offered him. The General, whom he came to fee, fet before him the principal in- conveniencies attendant on long voyages ; yet he perfifted in his refolution, and returned on board the Efperance; Juft as- he was fitting down to dinner, however, feveral natives came to in treat him to go on fhore to fee his family at leaft once more, before he undertook a voyage of fuch a length. He complied with their intreatics, and never returned on board again. Some of the natives informed us, that he was unable to refill: the prayers and tears of nine wives and feveral children, whom he was going to leave, perhaps never to fee more ; and that he had promifed not to quit them. Kove had a £ne counte- nance, but not the gaiety of the other natives. Perhaps fome domcftic uneafmefs had been one of the chief caiifes of his defire to leave his coun-* try. Had he carried his dcfign into execution, he would many times have regretted the delicious
fruits
April.] of la perouse. 181
fruits of his native ifle, when reduced, like us, to feed on worm-eaten bifcuit.
At the beginning of the night we fired off ttn or a dozen mufkets, and immediately we heard the fliouts of a great number of the natives, which were repeated froiii different places along the Ihore.
Our ftaj at the Friendly Iflands contributed greatly to reftore the health of our crew. We found there plenty of vegetables, and laid in a great flock. The pork was excellent, which muff be attributed in part to the good quality of the roots and fruits with which the natives feed their hogs. We took on board as many as our ffye would contain ; and we were convinced, in the fequel, that they could bear a long voyage, though Captain Cook informs us that he experi- enced the contrary with reipecfl to thofe v>^hich he procured at the Friendly Iflands in the different vifits he paid them. We purchafed upwards of four hundred while we lay at anchor, the greater part of w^hich we faked. We adopted the pro- cefs recommended by Cook in his third voyage, which confifls in ufing a ftrong brine, with a fufficient quantity of vinegar to diffolve the fait. This -we could do the more eafily, as a great part of our wine was turned four.
A fmali quantity of pork was falted by oiar
butcher
1S2 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l^QS,
butcher with fait alone ; and though under the Toiu-id Zone, it kept as well as what we prepared after Cook's manner, and tafted even better. The fat preferved in the brine made with vine- gar was difgufting on account of its extreme foft- neis, and it had a very ilrong taftc of the vinegar, which no one liked.
Our coops were filled with fowls.
During the whole time of our lying at anchor, the quickfiiver in the barometer did not rife above 28 inches tv.'o lines, French meafure, and its va- riation was about one line.
The thermometer in the Ihade on fhore had not rifen hisfherthan 25'^ -1-loths, though we felt exceffive heat.
The winds had varied from the fouth-eaft to the north-eaft, blowing but faintly.
Our obfervatory was in 2P 8^ IQ" S. lat., and 180° 2Q' 38'/ E. long.
The variation of the needle was 10° E.
The fpring- tides rofe five feet ; and it was high water about half after fix on the days of new and full moon.
From the accounts given us of the fhips that had anchored in this archipelago, by very intel- ligent natives, we were convinced that La Pe- roufe had never put in to any of thefe iflands. Befidcs, they ailurcd us, that no accident had
happened
April.] of la perouse. 183
happened to any veflel that had flopped at them, except to Bhgh's launch ; the affair of which they related without difguife, as I have mention- ed above. The indifference with which they told us this ftory, convinced us, that if thefe people be not naturally ferocious, they are at leafl flrangers to fentiments of humanity. The blows with clubs, or logs of wood, with which the chiefs ufiially accompany their orders, are an ad- ditional proof of this. They well remembered the different periods at which they had feen Cap- tain Cook ; and, to acquaint us with the intervals, they reckoned them by harvefls of yams, giving two of thefe to each year. Several of the natives, particularly thofe of the royal family, onounced the name of Cook with enthufiafm : but the great feverity of that celebrated navigator had prevented many others from bearing him in memory with equal plcafure ; they fpoke of him only with com- plaints of the rigorous treatment they had experi- enced at his hands. In fad;, though in his lafl voyage he fpeaks only of one man wounded by a ball in the thigh, we faw another who had been fhot' through the Ihoulder;* and he allured us
that
'* In the account uf Cook's laft voyage, now before me, k is exprcfsly faid, that the man was Ihot through the flioulder, the ball having entered a little above the inner
parr
J84 YOYLGE IN SEARCH [l793.
that he had received this wound during Cook's lafl vifit to Tongataboo.
The natives of the Friendly Illands are in ge- neral tall and well made ; for which they are principally indebted, no doubt, to the abundance and good quality of their food. The fine ihape of thefe people is not degraded by cxccfQve toil. Their mufcles being ftrongly marked, we prc- famed they muft have great fiirength ; but the idle life they lead renders them very little capable of great exertion : ' accordingly, w^hen they tried their llrength againft our failors, they were al- mofh always worfted.
The men, as well as the women, are accuftom- ed to cut off one or tv/o joints of the little linger, and fometimes of the finger next to it, in the hope of obtaining a cure from fevere difeafes.
Moft of them are tatooed on all parts of the body. We faw a great number, whofe fkin was covered with a fcurfy eruption ; which perhaps is owing to their not being accuftomed to wipe themfelves> or wafli themfelves Vv'ith frefh water, after having been into the fea.
We obferved no fymptoms of the venereal dif- eafe among the natives ; one of our feamen,
part of the collar bone, and pafied out obliquely backward. How Labillardiere was led into this miflake, I cannot fay. — Tranf.ator.
however,
April.] of la perouse. 185
however, caught a gonorrhoea there, but from a woman, who had kept company with a man be- longing to the Efperance, that had long laboured under the complaint. Have thefe people been fortunate enough, for the difeafe to have become naturally extindl among them, after having run through its feveral ftages with ^-apidity ? fmce, from the teftimony of Captain Cook, there can be no doubt but it has formerly made great ra- vages in thefe ifland^.
The fkin of the people of the Friendly Illands is tawny, becaufe they frequently expofe them- felves to the heat of the fun ; but the women, who remain pretty conftantly within doors, or in the ihade of their trees, have very fair com- plexions. The countenances of the w^omen are in general very pleafmg, and highly animated ; and the good ftate of health they enjoy is parti- cularly owing to their extreme cleanlinefs, and the good quality of their diet.
Vol. II. N CHAP.
185 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l793.
CHAP. XIII.
Departure from Totigatahoo—TVe get S.\ght of the Southern Part of the Archlpehgo of the Tierra., del Efpirttu Santo, fNezv Hebrides J — Difcoverj^ , of the IJland of Beaupre-^-We Anchor at New . Caledonia — Interviews with the Natives — De-
fcrtptlon of their Huts — Thefe Savages are Cafi- iilbals — Their Impudeiice toward lis- — Thejy eat
great Pieces, of Steatite, to appeafe their Hunger — Phelr Attempts tofel%e upo?i our Boats— Df-
ferent 'Excurfions Into the Interior Part of the IJland — -Death of Captain Pluon — New Species of Spider, on which the Savages of New CaledG- nlafeed.
loth APRIL.
ABOUT feYcn in the morning we got under way, with a pretty frefli breeze from the eail-fouth-eaft, and fteered for an hour from north-weft by fouth to north, and afterward north by eaft, paffing out through a channel to- ward the north of our anchoring place, which had been examined by Citizen Legrand.
In this channel we found by the lead from five fathoms and a half to nine fathoms water. Some of the natives followed us in their ca- noes,
April.] of la perousIe. Ig;
iioes, exprefling great regret at our quitting their ifland. They cried out from all parts, offa, offa Palangois, at the fame time giving us marks of their regard.
' We foon 8;ot ahead of the canoes that w^re paddled along ; but thofe with fails were obliged to flacken their rate of going, to keep at a fliort diftance from us ; and we had an opportunity of bbferving, that they would have taken the lead of our vefTcls confiderably, if they had avail- ed themfelves of the whole force of the breeze : this advantage, however, they would fbon have loft, if the wind had been ftronger, and the water lefs fmooth. As foon as we got into the open fea, they defifted from keeping us company any far- ther. We were then more than two leagues from the anchoring place we hadjuft quitted, and we fet the weft end of Attata, bearing fbuth 48° weft.
At this time we had a gra^xlly bottom, with twenty -two fathoms and a half of water.
nth. The next day, about five in the after- noon, we made Tortoife Ifland, bearing from ms north-weft by north.
On the lOth, about feven o'clcfck in the even- ing, the Efpcrance made a fignal for feeing land weft 18'' north, about eight leagues diftance. This was Erronan, the eaftcrnmoft of the iilands
N 2 of
188 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l793.
of the archipelago of Efpiritu Santo, difcovered by Quiros in ]6o6. A little before noon the ifland of Annaton was in fight, diftant ten leagues^ fouth weft by foiith.
It was five in the afternoon when we made the ifland of Tanna, bearing wxft lO^ north. Pillars of fmoke ilTued from its volcano, and fpread abroad in the air, forming clouds, which rofe at firft to a prodigious height, and which, after hav- ing traverfed an immenfe fpace, funk lower as they grew cooler. During the night we enjoyed the brilliant fpcdiacle of thefe clouds, illumined by the vivid light of the burning matter, which was thrown out from the bowels of the volcano at intervals.
18th. We were fteerlng wefterly, the wind blowing very frefh from the eaft, when, about half after three in the morning, Dumerite, the officer on the watch, heard the fcreams of a flock of fea-fowl pafling very clbfe by our fhip: appre- henfive that we were near fome of the rocks, which commonly ferve them as a retreat, he thought it advifable to bring to, and wait for day- light to continue our courfe : and as foon as day broke, we faw a very little way to leeward o{ us fome reefs of rocks ftretching a great way, on which our fhip muft inevitably have ftruck, if this fortuitous occurrence had not given us no- tice
April.] of la perouse. I89
tice to ftop our courl'e in time. In fa(^, as the night was extremely dark, it would have been impoffible to have feen the breakers foon enough to avoid them: befides, the. wind blowing very frefh, the fea ran fo high all round us, that v/e could not foon enough have diftinguilhed the waves that broke on the reefs from the reft. Beyond thefe reefs, and near two leagues dif- tant from them, we faw an ifland, which bore, when we made it, fouth 28° well, and to vvhich I gave the name of Citizen Beaupre, engineer-geo- grapher to our expedition. This ifland lies in the latitude of 20° 14' fouth, longitude iQs"" 47' eaft. It is very low, and about 1500 toifes long. We afterwards difcovered fome rocks bearing fouth -21° eaft ; and a little while after fome others to- wards the fouth.
It is to be remarked, that the currents fet us to the north about twenty- four minutes a day, W'hen we were near Tierra del Efpiritu Santo, and pafling between that archipelago and new Cale- donia. Undoubtedly this is owing to the pofition of the land, which, while it changes the direction of the currents determined by the general winds, increafes their ftrength.
About one o'clock in the afternoon we got
iight of the high mountains of New Caledonia to
the fouth- weft; and at half-after four we wxre
N 3 - within
igO VOTAGE IN SEARCH [l 7QS,
within a thoufand toifes of the reefs bordering that illand. The foot of the mountains on this iide are waihed by the fea, and they are Hkewife more ftecp here than on the weftern ihore, which we coafted along the year before.
We faw a fine cafe ad e, the water of which, after having difappeared fevcral times in deep gullies, came tumbling into the feaV and we admired the picturefque efff6t of the torrents, which we perceived toward the fouth-wefl", their waters white with foam producing an agreeable contrail to the dufky verdure of th^fe high lands. During the night we continued plying to windward, endeavouring to maintain our ftation againft the currents, that we might be i;i a fitua-: tion to come to an anchor the next day.
IQth. As foon as day-light appeared we ap- proached vyitliin 800 toifes of the reefs, along which we ran, in order to find the opening through which we were to reach the anchoring place ; but it blew very hard from the fouth- fouth-eafl, and we had already fallen to leeward, when we diftinguilhed the opening in the reefs. Though we were pretty near the ihore, we did not perceive Qbfervatory Ifland, which left us for fomc time doubtful whether we were oppofite the place where Captain Gook anchored in 177^; and accordingly we put about, to get more to the
the
APllIt.] OF LA PERGUSE. IQI
the nofth-eaft. At noon we found by our obfef- vations, that we mull be near Obfervatory Ifland, and it was not long before we got fight of it, thoup'h it is extremely low ; when we immedi- ately bore away for the anchoring place. In the opening between the reefs we had from eleven fa- thotn water to thirteen and a half, but when wc got within them we had only from feven fa- thoms to eight and a half.
A double canoe immediately came failing out to us. She had on board eleven natives, whofe manoeuvres gave us no very high idea of their ikill in navigation. They fpoke to us, and fliowed us fome pieces of white fluff, which they waved in the air, flill keeping more than a hundred toifes from the fhip. A fliort time after they returned on fliore. * v
The Efperancc, being a little to windward of us, grounded on a flioal, w hich we in confequence took care to avoid, and prefently after let go our anchor, in order to lend her affiilance. General Dentrecafteaux immediately fent our long-boat to her, and at eight o'clock in the evening wc had the agreeable news that flie was again alioat, and had received no damage.
20th. At fun-rife the next morning we law four canoes under fail, coming towards our fhipsj When they got very near us, they feemed to be
N 4 xiiider
192 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l793,
under fome fears : but one of the favages, hav- ing yielded to our invitations, and come on board, was followed by alnaoft all the reft. We were furprifed, to find them fet more value on our fluffs than on our nails, or even hatchets, which they called togni ; a name much refembling that given them at the Friendly Iflands, though they do not fpeak the fame tongue, as may be feen by the vocabularies of the languages of thefe people, at the end of the prefent work. We could not doubt, however, but they were acquainted with iron, which they defignated to us by the deno- mination of pii'iou ; but the very hard ftones which they ufe, renders it of lefs importance to them, than to many other inhabitants of the South Sea Iflands.
We Ihowed them fome cocoas and yams, and requefted them to bring us fome : but, far from .going to fetch any for us, they wanted to buy ours, offering us in exchange their fpears and clubs, and giving us to underftand that they were very hungry, putting their hands to their bellies, whicih were extremely flat. They expreffed fome fear on feeing the pigs which we had on board, which led us to fuppofe that they had no fuch animal ; though Captain Cook had left tw^o, a boar and fow, with one of their chiefs. As foon as they faw our poultry, however, they imitated
the
April.] of la perouse. iqs
the crowing of the cock tolerably well, fo as to leave us no doubt that they had fowls on their ifland.
None of the women in the canoes confented to come on board our velTel ; and when we were defirous of making them a prefent of any thing, the men took it to carry to them.
Thefe favages came in double canoes of the ihape reprefented in Plate XLV. Fig. 1. Their maft was fixed at an equal diilance from the two canoes, and toward the fore part of the platform, by which they were joined together. They are not fo fkilfully conftruded as thofe of the Friendly Iflands, to which they are much in- ferior in point of failing. One of them^ running againil: our fhip with too much force, received fo much damage, that the canoe on one fide foon filled. The favages in her immediately got upon the other, and let themfelves go with the current, which drifted them toward the fhore. The other canoes left us prefently after, and failed after her, in order to give her aiTiilance.
21 ft. Early in the morning we manned the capftan, in order to warp our fhip nearer to Ob- fervatory Ifland ; for which purpofe wc had car- ried out feveral hawfcrs tied end to end ; but they gave way feveral times, and obliged us to let go the anchor again.
Wc
154 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [17Q3.
We were furrounded by canoes, the natives in •which came on board our fhip, and fold us fe-^ veral articles, fuch as are delineated in Plates XXXYII and XXXVIII. Some of them had a few cocoa-nuts and lugar-canes, which they would not part with by any means, though we offered a great price for them.
Thefe favages were all naked, except that they wrapped their privities in pieces of coarfe fluff, iBsdc of bark, or in large leaves of trees. Their hair is woolly ; and their fkin is nearly of as deep a black as that of the -inhabitants of Diemen*s Cape, whom they very much refemble in the gc- Qcral caft of their countenance. Several of them had their heads bound round with a little net, the meflies of which were large. We obferved with furprife, a great many, who, defirous, no c^oubt, ^of having the appearance of long hair, had faftened to their own locks two or three treffes, . made with the leaves of fome plants of the grafs kind, and covered with the hair of the vampire bat, which hung down to the middle of their backs.
Moft of thefe iflanders, armed with fpears and ^lubs, carried at their waifk a little bag full of ftones, cut into an oval fliape, which they throw with flings. (See Plates XXXV and XXXVIIL Fig. iG, 17, -and 18.) The low^er lobe of their cars, perforated with a very large hole, hung down
CWec/71 ,y' f/ie ,ya i-^iKie^' (y^\ leer Ca/ea(V^t('a .
Jiti^ bjI.StocJtdaU.RiraMliy, AS *.J/!Ti!./,fpO .
cW^cfy <y^^^^ ^'^ f^Az't/tZ^^^ c^'.yve/z'^ Ca/e^t
^c/cci^ c^iAe ^/(za'^^.M oi^t^Ae^t' C<x/^<^<m,^Wj2
-Rtii' irJ.Ai>einicUt^'em^iay /j!*A/^nl./4VO.
f^('/ii(t/i <>/'( !<■(/' C a/r(XO?u<x .
n-AJ A., /^ IV i~J^I. R~.x.,A//i. /<»■ Jn
April.]- of la perouse. 195
to their fhoulders.^ Into thefe holes fome had introduced leaves of trees, others a piece of wood, to ftretch them bigger. Several had this lobe jagged ; perhaps from having been torn, either in battle, or in running through the woods.
Behind the ears of one of thefe favages we ob- ferved tubercles of the fhape of a veal fweetbread, and half as big as a man's fift. He appeared well pleafed at feeing us examine this ornament, the growth of which he had effected by means of a cauftic, by which the parts, no doubt, muft have been greatly irritated for a conilderable time.
The women had no other garment than a kind of fringe, made of the filaments of the bark of trees, which fervcd them as a girdle, paffing fe- yeral times round the waift (See Plate XXXVI).
The canoes kept thcmielves clofc by our Ihip, by means of different ropes, which we had thrown out to them. Each of them, however, had a Jarge ilone, to ferve as an anchor, faftened to a long rope, but they did not make ufe of thefe on the prefcnt occafion.
22d. The next day we got up our anchor at iix p' clock in the morning, and made feveral ftretches to get nearer to Obfervatory Ifland, which the natives call by the name of Ptidyoua. At half af- ter ten, when we brought up, this ifland was not above 500-toifes diilaat ta the caft 3^ 15^ ibuth.
We
ig6 ' VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l7Q3.
We faw the land of New Caledonia from eaft 1 9° 30^ fouth, to weft 12^ north, from the neareft ihorc of which we were only 590 toifes. The inhabitants now had no occafion for their canoes to come to us ; moft of them fwam to the Ihip, with the articles which they wifhcd to fell.
I ought not here to omit a malicious trick, which had nearly caufed the lofs of the young bread-fruit trees, that I had brought from the Friendly Iflands. I had watered them in the evening ; but, feeing fome drops of water early in the morning trickle from the box in which they were planted, I had no doubt, but fbme one had watered them long after me. Of this I was fully convinced, the moment I taft-ed the water, that filtered through the mould ; for it was fait. The inquiries I made to difcover the perfon who had been guilty of this trick, were in vain.
About one in the afternoon we went afliore, and were foon furrounded by a great number of the natives, who juft came out of the middle of the wood, into which we had entered feveral times, though ftill keeping near the lliorc. We prefently found a few fcattered huts, three or four hundred paces diftant from each other, and overfliadowcd by a few cocoa trees. Soon after we came to four, which formed a little hamlet, in one of the gloomieft parts of the foreil. They
were
April.] * of la perouse. 1971:
were all nearly of the fhape of beehives, a toife and a hall in height, and as much in breadth, (See Plate XXXVIII, Fig. 28, 29, 3o). • ..
Figure 28 reprefents one of theie huts, fur- rounded by a palifade a yard and a half high, made with the limbs of the cocoa tree, arranged pretty clofe to each other,, and three feet and hiilf from the borders of the hut. A little walk w^as formed in the fame manner before the door.
We afterwards faw feveral huts which were not furrounded by palifades (See Fig. 29). The door, which was about a yard high, and half a yard wide, was fometimes clofed by means of a piece of a limb of the cocoa-tree, the folioles of which were, interlaced. Several of thefe doors had two pofts, made of planks, at the upper extremity of each of which a man's head wasxudely carved. The lower part of thefe huts was erected perpendi- cularly to the height of a yard, where they tapered oft in a pretty regular cone, terminated by the upper end of a poil that w^as fixed in the centre of the floor.
Figure 30 reprefents the infide of thefe huts. The frame ccnfifls of poles, bearing againll the upper end of the pcfl, which may be feen rifmg from the middle of the floor, and which is near three inches in diameter at the bottom. A few pieces of wood bent to an arch, render thefe little
habitations
igg VdTAGE m sEARcii [1793.
' habitations fufficiently ftrong. They are covered with ftraw to the thicknefs of two or three inches.- The floor, on whi.ch the natives are perfe6lly ihel- tered from the v^reather, is fpread w^ith mats. But the mofchettoes are fo troublcfome, that they are obhged to hght fires to drive them away when they go to llcep ; and as there is no vent for the • fnioke, except at the door, they muft be extremely incommoded by it.
In general there is a board w^ithin the hut on one fide, faflened with cords in a horizontal po- lition, about a yard from the ground. This fhelfy however, can iiipport nothing of much weight, for the cords are very flight.
Near fome of their dwellings we faw little hil- locks of earth, twelve or fourteen inches highy •with a very open treillis in the middle, of the height of two or three yards. The favages called thefe 7ih<}uety and informed us that they were graves ; inclining the head on one fide, while they fiipported it with the hand, and clofing the eyes, to exprefs the repofe enjoyed by the remains of thofe who were there depofited.
On returning toward the place w^here we land- ed, we found more than fevcn hundred natives, who had run thither from all parts. They afked ■Qs for fluffs and iron in exchange for their efFedis, ajod fame, of them foon convinced us that the)f
were
April.] of la perouse. igg
were very audacious thieves. Among their dif- ferent tricks I Ihall relate one which thefe knaves played nie. One of them offered to fell me a little bag, which held ftoncs cut into an oval (hape, and which was faftened to his waifb. He untied it, and held it out as if ready to deliver it to me with one hand, while he received the . price agreed upon with the other ; but at the very inftant another favage, who haft pofted himfelf behind me, gave a great fcream, which made me turn my head round, and immediately the rogue his comrade ran away with his hag and my things, endeavouring to conceal himfelf in the crowd. We were unwilling to punilh him^, though moft. of ua were armed with firelocks. It was to be feared, however, that this ad: of forbearance woul^ be confidered as a mark of weaknefs by the na.- tLves^ and render them ftill more infolent. What happened, foon after feemcd to confirm this : feve^ ral of them Vv^ere {o bold as to throw ftones at aa officer, who was not above two hundred paces from us. We would not yet treat them with fevcrity ; for Vy'e Vv'ere fo much prejudiced in their favour, firom the account given of them by For- fter,,that more fadrs were necefiary to deftroythe- good opinion we entertained of the gentlenefs of their difpofitions : but we had foon inconteftable proofe of their ferodoufiiefs. One of them hav- ing
200 VOYAGE IN SEARCH Xr793.
ing In his hand a bone frefh roafted, and devour- ing the remainder of the flefh ftill adhering to it, came up to Citizen Piron, and invited him to fhare his repaft. He, fuppofmg the favage was offering him a piece of fome quadruped, accepted the bone, on which nothing but the tendinous parts were left ; and, having fhow n it to me, I perceived that it belonged to the pelvis of a child of fourteen or fifteen years of age. The natives around us pointed out on a child the fituation of this bone ; confeffed, without hefitatlon, that tjie flefh. of it had furnifhed fome one of their countrymen with a meal ; and even gave us to tinderfland, that they confidered it as a dainty.
This difcovery made us very uneaf}^ for thofe of our people, who were flill in the woods : fliortly after, however, we had the pleafure to find our- felves all affembled together in the fame fpot, and no longer feared that fome of us w^ould fall vic- tims to the barbarity of thefe iflanders.
When we got on board our^fhip, being furprifed at feeing none of the favages there, we were in- formed that there had been a great many, but that they had been driven away becaufe they had ftolen fevcral things. Moft of them had made off in their canoes ; and the refi; had jumped into the fea and fwam afhore : two, however, were returned on board, not being able to fwim fafl
enough
April.] op la perouse. 201
enough to join the others, whether owing to fome bodily infirmity, or to their having leaped into the fea too long after the departure of their boats to be able to take refuge in them. As, the fun was already fet, and they were cold, they went to warm themlelves at the fire in our cook-room.
The moil: part of thofe who belonged to our expedition, and who had remained on boards would not give credit to our recital of the bar- barous talle of thofe ifianders, not being able to perfuade themfelves that people, of whom Cap- tains Cook and Forftcr had given fo favourable an account, could degrade themfelves by fuch a hor- rible prad:ice ; but it was not very difficult to convince the moft incredulous. I had brought with me a bone which had already been picked, and which our Surgeon-Major faid was the bone of a child. I prefented it to the two natives whom we had on board. One of thoie cannibals imme- diately feized it with avidity, and tore with his teeth the fmews and ligaments which yet re- mained. I gave it next to his companion, who found fomething more to pick from it.
The different figns which our people made, in order to obtain an avowal of the prad:!ce of eating human flelh, be^g aukwardly made, oc- cafioned a very great miftake. An exceffive ccn-
VoL. 11. O fternation
202 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [^7Q3.
fternation was inftantly vifible in all their features'; doubtlefs bccaufe they thought that we alio were men-eaters, and, imagining that their laft hour was come, they began to weep. We did not fuc- ceed in convincing them entirely of their miflake, by -all the figns we could make of our abhorrence of fo terrible a pradiice. One of them made a precipitate retreat through a port-hole, and held faft by one of the ropes of the mizen maft fhrouds, ready to leap into the fea ; the other jumped into the water at once, and fwam to the mofl diftant of the boats aftern of our veffel ; they were not long, however, before « they recovered from their fear, and rejoined our company.
The fmall llream, where Captain Cook had taken in water when he touched at this place, w^as dry when we vifited it : we found, however, a fmall watering place to the fouth-weft of our vefTel, about three hundred paces diftant from the fea : the water was very good, but it was rather difficult to be come at, and the refervoir w^hich furniflied it fcarcely fupplied enough to iill once in a day cafks fufficient to load the long-boat of each ftiip^, {a that it was necefl'ary to wait till next day till more was collctSed to replenilTi them.
We found very near this w^atering place the
rufty
April.] of la perouse. 2o3
tufty. bottom of an iron candleftick, "which pro- bably had lain there ever fince 1/74, when Cap- tain Cook anchored in this road.
23d. The next morning we went on fliore at the fiearcft landing place, where we found a num- ber .of favages who were already taking fome re- frelhment. They invited us to join them in eating fome meat jufl broiled, which we diftin- guiflied to be human flcfli. The fkin which yet remained, preferved its form and even its colour on feveral parts. They lliewed us they had juft cut that piece from the middle of the arm, and they gave us to underftand, by very expreffive figns, that after having pierced with their darts the perfon of whofe limbs we faw ■ the remnants in their hands, they had dilpatched him with their clubs. They no doubt wiflied to make us fenfible that they only eat their enemies, and in^ deed it was not poflible that we fhiould have found fo many inhabitants in this country, if they had had any other inducement but that of hunger to make them devour each other. We went to the fouth-fouth-weft, and foon crolTed a country which hes rather low, where we favv fome plantations of yams and potatoes ; we then came to the foot of fome mountains, where we found ten of the inhabitants who joined our company. They foon began to climb up trees of the fpecies
O 2 called
204 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l793.
called hyhjfcus ttliaceus, the youngeil fprouts of which they pulled off and immediately chewed, in order to fuck the juice contained in the bark. Others gathered the fruit of the cord'ia fehejlina, which they eat even to the kernel. We did not expe6l to fee cannibals content themfelves with fo frugal a repaft.
The heat was exceffive, and we had not yet found any water. We followed a hollow track, in which we remarked the traces of a torrent of vyater in the wet feafon. The verdure of the un- derwood, which we perceived a little farther off on its borders, gave us hopes of finding a fpring to quench our thirll ; in fad: we were no fooner arrived than we faw a very limpid ftream iffuing from an enormous rock of freeflone, and after- wards filling a large cavity hollowed out in a block of the fame fort of ftone. Here we halted, and the natives, who accompanied us, fat down by us. We gave them bifcuits, which they devoured with avidity, though they were very much worm-eaten, but they would not even taflc our cheefe, and we had nothing eatable befides to offer them.
They preferred the water ot the reiervoir to wine or brandy, and drank it in a manner which afforded us no fmall entertainment, inclining the head at about two feet diftance above the furface
of
April.] of la perouse. 205
of the water, they threw it up againft their faces with their hands, opening their mouths very wide, and catching as much as they could ; thus they foon quenched their thirft. It may eafily be conceived, that even the moft expert at this me- thod of drinking muil; wet the greateft part of their bodies. As they difturbed our water, .we begged them to go lower down to drink, w^hich requeft they immediately complied with.
Some of them approached the moft robuft amongfl us, and, at different intervals, prefled with their fingers the moft mufcular parts of their arms and legs, pronouncing rapareck with an air of admiration, and even of longing, which rather alarmed us, but upon the whole they gave us no caufe for difTatisfacftion.
I obferved in thefe places a number of plants belonging to the fame genera with many of thofe I had collected in New Holland, although the two countries are at very great diftance from each other.
We faw with furprize, about a third part of the afcent up the mountain, fmall walls raifed one above another, to prevent the rolling down of the ground which the natives cultivated. I have found the fame practice extremely general amongfl the inhabitants of the mountains of Afia Minor.
0 3 It
206 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l7 93
It is not a common pra61:lce amongft the fa- vagcs of New Caledonia to m'ake an incifion in the prepuce ; neverthelcfs, out of fix of them, ■whom we perfuaded to fatisfy our curiofity in that refped;, we found one who had it Hit in a ■ longitudinal direction on the upper fide.
When wc bad reached the middle of the mountain, the natives who followed would have perfuaded us not to go any f irther, and informed us that the inhabitants on the other fide of this ridge would' eat us, y:c. however, perfilted in afcending to the top, for we were fuffici-ntly armed to be under no apprehenfion of danger from thcfe cannibals. Thofe who accompanied us were, without doubt, at v\'ar with the others,, for they would not follow us any farther.
The mountains which we afcended rife in the form ot an amphitheatre, and are a continuation of the great chain w^hich runs the whole length of the ifland. Their perpendicular height is about 2,500 feet above the level of the fea. We oblerved them rife gradually to the eaft-fouth- eall, till they terminated in a very high mountain about three miles from bur moorings.
The chief component parts of thofe moun- tains are quartz, mica, and fteatite, of a fofteror harder qualitv, fchorl of a green colour, granite, iron ore, &c.
On
April.] of la perouse. 207
On our dcfcent from thefe mountains, we flop- ped at the bottom in the midft of fcveral famiHes of favages ailemblcd in the neighbourhood of their huts, to whom we fignified a defire to quench our thirft with the water of the cocoa nuts ; but as this fruit is rather fcarce in that part of the illand, they confulted together for a conr fiderable time before they agreed to fell us any. At laft one of their number went to pull a few from the top of one of the higheft trees, in order to bring them to us. We were extremely fur- prifed at the rapidity with which he afcended, holding the body of the tree with his hands, he ran along the whole length of it, almoft with as much eafe and celerity as if he had been walking on an horizontal plain, I never before had oc- cafion to admire fuch agility amongft any of the other iflanders whom we had vifited.'
The fea water frequently waflied the foot of the tree irom which our cocoa nuts were taken, fo that the liquor with which they were filled was fbmewhat four, but we drank it, being extremely thirfty. The children o{ thefe favages waited till we had emptied the water of the cocoa nuts, when they begged tUem ot us, finding means to get fomething more from them. They tore with their teeth the fibrous covering of thefe young fruits, of Vs'hich the nuts were fcarccly formed,
O h and ,
• 208 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l 703.
and then eat the tender part enclofed in it, which was much too bitter for our palates.
When we arrived on board, we learned that two of the ifianders had that morning carried off from an officer of our veiTfil (Bonvouloir) a uni- form cap and a fabre, while he was oc<:upied orr Ihore making fome aftronomical obfervations, al- though the failors, who had landed with him, had traced upon the fand a large circle round the place of' obfervation, which they had forbidden the favages to enter ; but two thieves having concerted their enterprife, advanced with preci- pitation behind the officer who had jufl fat down, and placed his fabre underneath him. One of them feized his cap, and the inflant he rofe up to purfue him, the other ran away with his fabre. This bold manoeuvre was certainly not their firfl ^attempt.
Night approached, all our boats were; already alongfide, yet two officers (Dewelle and Wil- laumez;) w^ere flill on fhore, with two of the . fliip's ere w, but they foon arrived on the beach, followed by a great number of the inhabitants. The General's boat was inftantly difpatched to bring them on board. They told us that the fa- vages, w^ho had crowded around thecn, to the number of above three hundred, upon obferving that all our boats had cjuitted the fliore, had be- have d
April.] of la perouse. 200
haved in the moft audacious manner. One of* them having wrefted his fword from Dewelle, the latter attempted to purfue tl^e thief, bnt the others immediately raifed their clubs in his de- fence. All of our people were robbed with the greateft effrontery, but when our boat arrived, tw^o chiefs, who probably had prevented the fa- vages from proceeding to greater extremities, be2[;ged leave to embark in it. They carried two fmall parcels offugar-cane and cocoa-nuts to the General, who made them in return a prefent of an axe, and feveral pieces of ftufF. Thofe chiefs, whom they called Theahouma in their language, wore on their head bonnets of a cylindrical form^ adorned with feathers, fhells, &c. (See Plate XXXVII, Fig. 1 ft and 2d.) but as they were open at top, they were no covermg from the rain.
It was not long before a double canoe, difpatch- edfrom the fliore, came to convey the chiefs back again. It w^as night before they departed, and the favages on fliorc had lighted a fire on a fand- bank to warm themfelves. We went alhore on the 25th with thofe of the crew who were ap- pointed to recruit our ftock of wood, which they cut at a place 500 yards diltant from where we had watered.
We did not ftray far from our wood-cutters, for we w ere but few in number, and the defigns
of
210 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [1/03.
of the natives appeared to us very fufpicious. About nine in the morning they took poileffion of ourfhallop which was anchored near the coaft, and only guarded by one man. They Mere al- ready dragging it towards the ftrand, in order to carry off the effects tliat were in it with' the greater eafe, when another boat's crew came to its relief; but the thieves did not give up their enterprifc till they were on the point of being lired upon.
LafTeny having gone on fhore to make fome aftronomical obfervations, was obliged to re-em- bark almofl: immediately, being unable to keepf off a number of favages who feemed inclined to attempt the feizure of the inftruments, although he w^as armed and accompanied by 'two affiftants, befides feveral of the boat's crew.
The mailer gunner of the Efperance, while 'hunting in the foreft, perceived about noon, in a large open fpace not far from the w^ood- cutters, above two hundred natives, who were pradifmg themfelves in throwing their darts, and different exercifes. He retired unperceived, and haffcned to relate to us what he had juft witneffed. One of the officers of our vclfcl immediately went with four fufilecrs to obfcrve the motions of the favages ; who, on perceiving them, advanced,- and obliged them to make a precipitate retreat to- wards
April.] of la pekouse. 211
wards the wood-cutters. The favages fbon re- paired thither like wife ; and we were not long before we difcovered the dcfign they had formed of feizing our axes, which had been laid in a heap in the midft of our workmen, who were af- fctjblcd to take fome rcfrefhment. The com- . manding officer infiaiitly gave orders for thofb tools to be carried into the long boat ; but the failor who attempted it was alTailed by the iflan- ders, who were on the point of carrying them off, when feveral mufquet fliots were fired. One of the moft audacious, who fci] on that occafion, had ftill ftrengtli enough to crawl as far as the wood. The others retired immediately, and faluted us with a fhower of ftones from their flings. The ftones, which tliey carried in fmall bags fufpended from their belts, ^vere cut into an oval form ; but they did not wound any one dangeroufly, on ac- C(^unt of the great diltance ; befides, moft of . them were ftoppthd by the branches of the trees, behind which the natives had taken refuge. This is not 'always the cafe when they fight among themlelves ; for being then probably lefs afraid to advance, they frequently have their eyes bea,t out in thefc battles, as feveral of the inhabitants, who had loft one of them, informed us. When they difcharge the ftones from their flings they only make' half a turn with them above their
heads
212 VOYAGE IX SEARCH [j 793.
heads, which is done with as much expedition as if thrown with the hand. Thefe ftones, cut from a fteatite of coniiderable hardnefs, are very fmooth, for which reafon the favages take the precaution to wet them with their fpittle, to pre- vent their Aiding from the ^ two fmall cords of which the bottoms of their flings are formed.
The different movements of thefe favages hav- ing been perceived from on board the Recherche, the General ordered two cannon-fliot to be fired on them, which made them immediately difperfe acrofs the wood ; but foon after one of their chiefs advanced towards us alone and unarmed, holding in his hand a piece of white fluff, made of the bark of a tree, which the Commanding Officer received as a token that the good underflanding between us and the favages fliould not be inter- rupted. Soon after four other natives came and fat down in the midfl of us with as much con- fidence as their chief, behind whom they placed themfelves ; but he feemed much difpleafed with feveral others who came to refl themfelves under the fhade of the neighbouring trees, .whom he feveral times called robbers (kayaj.
We re-embarked at four o'clock, P. M. and were already fleering towards our fhips, when we faw a troop of favages running along the flrand towards us, loaded with a variety of fruits, which
they
April.] of la perouse. 213
they had brought as a prefent for us. They leaped into the water feveral times to bring them to us, but we were driven in a wefterly direction by a ilirong current, and could not ftop to receive thofe marks of reconciliation.
I went on fliore next day very near the water- ing place at the fame time that the General ar^ rived there. The guard was ftronger than the day before, in order the better to keep the iflanders in awe. It was feared after what had pafTed the preceding day, they might attempt to poifon the water with which we were going to fill our cafks, and it was thought necelTary, according to the opinion of our Chief Surgeon, to try the experi- ment on a goofe ; but it was attended with no bad efFeds. Indeed, feveral of our, failors would not wait for the refult of that proof, but, being very thirfty, had already drank of the water even before the commencement of the experiment.
The inhabitants having approached our place of landing, lines were drawn on the fand, the limits of which they were forbidden to pafs, and we had the fatisfa<5lion to obferve that they fub- mitted peaceably to thofe orders. We gave to moil of them pieces of bifcuit, which they begged by extending one hand, v/hilfl v/ith the other they pointed to their bellies, which were naturally Very flat, but the mufcles of which they contract- ed
214 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l703
ed as mucli as pofflble,- to make them look ftill more empty. I faw, neverthelefs, one man whofe llomacli was already well lined, but who, in our prefence, eat a piece of ileatite, which was very foft, of a greenifh colour, and twice as large as a man's £ft. We afterwards faw a number of others eat of the fame earth, which ferves to allay the fenfation of hunger by filling the {lomach> and thereby fupporting the vifcera of the dia- phragm ; although that fubftance affords no nu- tritive aliment, it is neverthelefs very ufeful to thefe people, who are often expofed to long pri- vations from food, becaufe they negled: the cul- tivation of the foil, which is of itfelf very barren. It is probable that the natives of New Cale- donia have made choice of this earth on account of its being very liable to crum.ble ; it is extremely eafy of digeftion, and one would never have fuf- peifled that cannibals would have recourfe to liich an expedient when preffed by hunger. • ,•> Three women having joined the other favages who furrounded Us, gave us no very favourable idea of their mufic. They fung a trio, keeping time very exacftly, but the roughnefs and dif-
' Gordant tones ot their voices excited in us very difagreeable fenfations, which the favages, how-
..ever, feemed to liften to with much pleafure. Lahaie, the gardener, and myfelf, ventured into
the ■
April.] of la perouse. 2ijJ
the middle -of tlic wood, followed by only two of the flilp's company ; we went from choice into thofe places where we thought we had leaft chance of meeting with the natives, who took care to conceal thcrafelves behind bullies when, they perceived us : at other times they hid them- felves behind large trees, changing their poiition as we moved ; but one old man, finding us ap- proaching on both fides of the tree, behind which he was, fo that he could not conceal himfelf, came up to us as if abandoning himfelf to our dlfcretion, but he foon appeared fatisfied he was fafe when we gave him a few pieces of.bifcuit.
The gardener had already fcattered in the wood different forts of feeds which he had brought from Europe ; but as fome flill remained, he gave them to the favage, requefling him to fow them.
We foon difcovercd a number of huts (landing at fome diitancc from each other, and were fur- prifed at not finding any inhabitants in them. They were conftruclcd in the fame manner as that defcribcd in the beginning of this chapter : further on we perceived a heap of aflies ; pro- bably one of the habitations liad been recently confumed by the fire which the favages kindle to drive away the mufquitoes.
Two tombs which were not far diilant had
not
iZl6 ' VOVAGE IN SEARCH [l793.
not fuftained any damage. I faw two human bones, each fiifpended by a cord to a long pole {fcick in the ground ; the one was a tibia, the -other a thigh bone.
I obferved, on the hills which I croffed to re- turn to our landing Dlace, the tree called commer- Jania echinata, which is very common in the Mo- luccas. , Amon&;fl the different f^jrts' of fhrubs which I gathered was a jeffamine remarkable for the plainnefs of its leaves and its flowers, which have no*fmell, andare of the colour of marigolds.
Several fires lighted near the ilimmit of the neighbouring mountain convinced us that it ferved as a retreat for the natives.
On arriving at Our landing place we found a great number of favages who had affembled there fince our departure. They informed us that feve- ral of the inhabitants had been wounded in the affair of the preceding evening, and that one had already expired of his wounds. They did not manifefl any hoflile difpofitions towards us; but a boat belonging to the Efperance being at a con- fiderable diilance from thence towards the eaft, had. been attacked by another party of favages, who thought they were in force fufHcient to make themfeives mailers of it, but fortunately they failed in the attempt.
We were told on arriving on board that not
a fmgle
April.] of la perouse. 21 ;>
a fingle. canoe had approached our veflels, which we thought was rather to be attributed to a fmart gale which had blown the whole day, than to any fear of our refentment for the hoftlle difpo- fition manlfefted by them the precedingevening. We had formed a defign, together with feveral perfons belonging to the two veffels, to go and yifit the other fide of the mountains, bearing fouth of our moorings ; for this purpofe we af- fembled on the ihore to the number of twenty- eight, early in the morning of the 20th. We had all agreed to come armed, that we might Idc
^ able to render mutual affiftance, in cafe the ia- yages Ihould venture to make an attack upon us. We, marched for a long while in paths that were well beaten, accompanied by fome of the inhabitants, and many of us, in imitation of them, chewed the young fprouts of the hiblfcus til'iaceusy and threw them away almoffc immediately ; but to our great furprife the favages eagerly picked, them up, and chewed them over again without the leaft hefitatio'n.
When we had reached the middle of the moun- tain we found very large blocks of mica, wherein we perceived granites which had loft their tranf-
V parency, and moft of them larger than a man's
thumb. We found others farther on in the rocks
Vol. II. P of
21^ VOYAGE IN SEAftCH ['793.
6f frecftonfc, which were very fmall, hlit retained their luftre.
A fmoke which we obferved to iiTue at inter- vals from a grove at a fmall dlflance to the S. S. W. induced us to dire<fl our courfe that way. We there found two men and a child occupied in broiling, 6n ^ fire of charcoal, the roots of a ibrt "of bean, which is known to botanifts by the name of doUchos tziherofiis, and which the iflandcrs call yaU. They h^d been but recently dug up, for the ftalks were Hill hanging to them, and were covered with flowers and fruits. They partook of ^ the barrennefs of the foil which produced them, the fibres were very ftringy, and they were not not more than three-quarters of an inch in thicknefs, and about ten or eleven inches in length. '
We met very near the fame fpot with a fmall family, which appeared to be alarmed at our ap- proach. We immediately made each of them a few prefents, in" hopes of encouraging them, which had the dcfired effecl: upon the hufband and two children : but one of our people having offered a pair of fciffars to the mother ; and w^ilh- ing to fhew her the ufe of them, by cutting off a few of her hairs, the poor woman began in- ftantly tacry ; no doubt giving hcrfclf up for loff;
but
April.'] of la perouse. 219
but her fears fubfided as foon as flie was put in pofTeffion of the inftrument.
The inhabitants of thefe mountains appeared to us to live in the greatefl wretchednefs. They •Were all extremely meagre. They fleep in the open air without being tormented by the muf-^ quitoes ; for thefe infed;s are driven from the high grounds by the E. S. E. winds, which blow here almoft inceflantly. The fame winds are fo pre- judicial to vegetation, that trees v^^hich below grow to a great height, here wear the appearance offnrubs. Melaleuca latifoUa, for example, is fcarcely fourteen inches high, whereas on the hills it attains the height of twentj-feven or thirty feet. But flill there are vegetables pecu- liar to the fummits of thofe mountains, which appear to agree perfedlly well with the current of air to which they are thus expofed. I iliall give a defcrlption of one of the moft remarkable. It forms a new genus, which I diftinguifh by the name of dracophyllmn.
The calix is compofed of fix fmall oval leaves, pointed towards the end.
The corolla is in one piece, and divided {lightly on the border into fix equal parts. It is furround- cd with fix fmall fcales at the lower end.
The ftamina, to the number of fix, are attached P2 to
220 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l793.
to the corolla by foiall fine threads, nearly of the fame length with the antheras.
The ovarium is at the top, of a roundilh form, and furmounted by a ftyle, of which the ftigma is of a fmiplc form.
The capfule is compofed of fix cells, each con- taining a number of feeds, moft of which are uh- produftive.
I ought to obfervc, that one of the parts of fructification is often wanting.
I have given this plant the name o( dracopJiylhim vertietllatum, its flowers being difpofed in rings.
Thefe leaves are rough, and Hightly dentated, or notched, on the edges. They leave their im- prefEon on the flalk as they feparate from it, as Is the cafe w4th all forts of dracaena^ with which that plant has a great analogy, even in the texture of the wood it -produces. It is therefore of the di- vifion of mhiocotyledony although it' has a calyxr and a corolla, and naturally takes the next place to the fpccies of afparagus.
Explanation of the Figures, Plate XL.
Fig. 1. The plant. Fisc. 2. Bloflom.
Fig. 3. The corolla magnified and cut ob- liquely, to fhcw the flamlna. Fig. 4. The capfule.
In
April..] of la perouse. 221
In examining from the fummit of thefe moun- tains a great extent of breakers which defend the approach to this ifland, we obferved another paf- fage, at a fmall diftance to the weft of that by which our vefTels had reached their prefent moor- ings. Towards the fouth we had a profped: of a delightful valle}-, furrounded with large planta- tions of cocoa trees, from amongft which we faw columns of fmoke arifmg, from the fires made by the favages. Vaft fields^ which appeared to us to be cultivated, even in the loweft parts, indi- cated a great population. The valley was tra- verfed by a canal filled with water, which we miftook for a river, the different branches of which came from the foot of the eaftern mountains ; but we afterwards found that this canal was filled with ftagnated fea- water. We perceived towards the fouth-vvcft the fhoal, along which we had failed the year before ; and we dillinp^uifhed the fame inlet in it which the violence of the wind had prevented us from founding. It appeared to - us a place of fafcty for fuch vclTels as wiihed to anchor out of the reach of breakers.
We were only followed by three natives, who no doubt had feen us fail along the weftern coafh of their ifland laft year ; for before they had quitted us, they fpokc of two vciTcIs they had {ten in that dir^iflion.
P3 We
222 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l7Q3.
We proceeded for fome time along the tops of the mountains towards the fouth-weft, then we defcended into a hollow, where \ye found two men and a child, who lliow.ed no concern with refped: to us, and did not quit the rock upon which they were feated. When we were clofe by them, they fliewed us a baflvet (fee I'late XXXVIll. Fig. 24), filled with roots, refembiing thofe of a kind of fan-flower called helianihus tuberojus. They called them paoua^ faying that they were good to eat, and, they w^anted to fell us a fmall quantity.
Perceiving, at about thirty yards diftance, a thick fmoke iffuing from the midfc of ^ large broken rocks, which offered a good fhelter from the wind, wx directed our courfc towards it, and found a young favage bufy roalling fome roots, amongft which we diflinguifhed thofe of the doUchos tiiherofus. He did not appear furprized at our vifit, andfmiled at us from the bottom of his cavern, which was filled with a very black fmoke, whereby he however did not appear to Le at all incommoded.
Near this place the fide of the mountain, laid open by the torrents which defcend in the rainy fcafon, difcovered to us cluflers of beautiful pieces of green fchorl in a foft fleatite, and below
that
April.] of la perousEc 223
that Tinall fragments of a very tranfparent rock chryftal.
Ill returnlncr to our velFel v/e came through a fmali village, the inhabitants of which left their huts uniirmcd. Tliey allowed us to examine the infide of them, and one of them, without any hc- fitatlon, fold us fome humin bones which were hanging up over one of their tombs.
We foon after arrived on the fea coaft, where we found a party of the natives who followed us, begging fbmething to eat, but as all our provi- iions were confumed, I gave them fome green ileatite, which I had brought from the fummit of one of the mountains ; forne of them eat as much as two pounds weight of it.
Whilll; we wxre embarking in order to return <Mi board, one of the crew fired his piece in the air to unload it, w^hich ftruck fuch a panic'k in moll: of the iiianders who were on the fliore, th^t they inftantly ran off to conceal themfelves in th^e 'Woods ; but fome of them, confident of our good intentions towards them, fhewed no Symptoms of fear, but called back the fugitives^ who foon rejoined them.
On the 27th I was obliged to remain all day on board, in order to arrange and write defcrip- tions of various articles which I h^d college d the day before.
P4 We
224 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l7Q3.
We received a vifit from feveral of the natives who fwam to the veffel. They were at great pains to affure us that they were not in the num- ber of thofe who had committed ad:s of hoftihty againft us, and they told us they had eaten two of thofe robbers, or kaja, one of whom had received a ball in the thigh and aaother in the belly in the engagement with us, but we did not give entire credit to this flory, fuppofmg they had fabricated it to fcreen themfelves from fufpicion.
They brought with them an in^rument which the)'" called nhouet, a name which they likewife gave to their tombs ; it was formed of a fine piece of flat Terpentine ftojie, with fliarp edges, and nearly of an oval form, perfectly well polifhed, and of the length of nearly feven inches. It was perforated with two holes, through each of which pafled two very flexible rods, w^hereby it was fixed to a wooden handle, to which they were faftened with bands made of bat's-fkin. This inftrument was fupported by a pedeftal made of a cocoa-nut fhell, which was likewife tied with firings of the fame kind, fome of which were longer (See Plate XXXVIII, Fig. ig). AVc could not till then dlfcover the ufe of this inftrument ; thefe favages told us that it was to cut up the limbs of their enemies, which they divided amongft them after a battlq. One of th;:m fiiewed us the man- ner.
April.] of la perouse. 225
ner, by imitating it on one of the fhip's company, who, at his defire, lay down on his back. The fa- vage firft reprefented a combat, in which he in- dicated by figns that the enemy fell under the ftrokes of his javelin and club, which he bran- difhed with great violence. He then performed a fort of warlike dance, holding in his hand the inftrument of murder ; he then fhewed us that they begin by opening the belly with the 7ihoiiet, throwing away the inteftines, after having torn them out v/ith an irlftrumcnt (reprefented in Plate XXXVIII. Fig, 2o), made of two human cubitus, well polifhed, and fixed to a very llrong tape. He fhewed us they next cut off the parts of generation, which fell to the Ihare of the con- queror. The legs and arms are cut off at the joints, and difhributed, as well as the other parts, amongfl: the combatants to carry home to their families. It is difficult to defcribe the ferocious avidity with which he reprefented to us the'man- ner in which the flefh of the unfortunate vidim is devoured by them, after being broiled on a fire of charcoal.
The fame cannibal gave us likewife to under- Hand that the flefh of the arms and legs is cut into pieces about three inches thick, and that the mufcular parts arc reckoned by thcfc people
a very
226 VOYAGE IN SEARCH r [1708,
a very delicious morfcl. It was no longer diffi- cult for us to conceive why they felt our legs and arms wkh their fingers in a loncring manner, at which times they made a flight whiflling nolfe, produced by fhutting the teeth, and applying the end of the tongue to them, then opening their mouths, they gave feveral fmacks with their lips..
We wxnt on llicre on the 28th, but not being in fufHcient numbers, durft not venture to go far beyond our watering place. We no longer faw in the environs large parties of natives, as on the jErfl: days after anchoring here, which made us think that they had returned to their habitations, probably at a confiderable diftance from this place : indeed how could fuch a vaft number of men have found the means of fubfiftence on a coaft {o extremely barren.
Next day (the 2Qth), we fet ofF early, to the nurnber of eighteen, all well armed, with the in- teiition of afcending a very high mountain, fitu- ated to the fouth-fouth-eaft, and from thence defcendlng, if the weather fhould prove favour- able, into a delightful valley, which we had al- ready perceived at a great diflancc behind the jnountain.
We marched at firll towards the eaft along the
Ihore,
V
April.] of la perouse. 227
Hiore, and foon entered an extenfive wood, when, amongft other birds which we killed, there was a jfpecies of pie, which I named the pie of New Ca- Jedonta. It is entirely black except the breafl, flioulders and neck, which are white. The bill is rather jagged at the extremity of each mandible, and is of a light black from the root to within one-third of the point, the remainder is yellowilh. The feathers of the tail are arranged in rows two by two, the upper ones being much longer than the others (See Plate XXXIX, in which the bird -is reprefented.)
We had already proceeded above a mile, when we arrived at avilhige compofed of a fmali num- ber of huts, fufficiently dillant from each other to prevent the flames from communicating in cafe of any unfortunate conflagration. Two of them had been recently confumed. We there faw women cooking viftuals, compofed of the bark of trees and a variety of roots,. amongfl: which I difcerned thofe of the hypoxis, of which 1 have already made mention, Thcfe different articles were put dry into a large earthen pot, fupported over a fire by three large ftones, which fuppiied the place of a trcvet. We obferved near the entrance to one of thofe huts a large heap of hu- man bones, on v.hich the recent effects of fire were very evident.
It
2^8 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l793.
It was probably an inhabitant of this village who flolc the fabre • of Bonvouloir, as related above, for here we found the fheath and belt fuf- pended over one of their tombs, as a kind of trophy.
Upon leaving this village, we followed a beaten path to the fouth-eafl, where we were not long before we faw fome Caribbee cabbages (arum efculentumj , planted near a rivulet, the ftream of which the inhabitants of the ifland had turned off lower down to a plantation of arum macrorrliizon. Farther on we remarked fome young banana trees planted at five or fix yards diftance from each other, as alfo fome fugar canes.
Soon after this we v/ere furrounded by at leaft forty of the natives, who came out from the ad- jacent huts, and from fome ftraggling cottages fcattered in an extenfive plain covered with plants and fhrubs, above which rofe a fmall number of eocoa trees ; but we were aftoniflied to fee only very few men amongft .thefe favages, all of whom were either old or infirm, and 'mod of them cripples. The remainder confifted of women and children, who tcftificd much joy at receiving fome' prcfents of glafs ware which we gaye them. We prcfumed that the ftout men were engaged at a dillance in fome expedition againft their
ncidibour^.
We
A^RIL.] OF LA PEROUSE. 2^9r
We Were about one mile diftant from the firft village when we difcovercd another twice as large, lltuated on the borders of a fmall river, along w hich we went upon*a riiing ground in a fouth- erly dire^ion. Upwards of thirty natives came out to meet us, and followed us for fbme time. We foon perceived three others defccnd from the mountains, one of whom we *knew, having re- ceived feveral vifits from him on boa"rd the Re- cherche. Several amongft the natives pointed him out to us as a chief of great diflincflion, whom they called AUki,
We fat down on the borders of the fmall river to take fome refrcfliment, and to prevent the danger of any furprize from the favages, we invited them to fit down. AUkt immediately complied with our invitation, and his example was followed by the others. The water being a few paces below us, the favages filled our bottles as faft as we emptied them.
After brcakfaft we afcended towards the fbuth, accompanied by AUkt and three other natives, w ho tcftified a ftrong defire to follow us. Some cocoa and banana trees, planted on the leafV rug- ged of the borders of the hollow formed by the waters of the fmall river, pointed out to us the reiidence of fome of the natives. We found
there
230 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l 793.
there a hut exa(5lly like thofe which we had feen before. Aliki iiiid the hut belonged to him. It was furrounded with feveral of a new fpecies of fig tree, the fruit of Which thofe people eat, after having expofed it to the fire for fome time in earthen vefl'cls, in order to extra(5l its corrofivr. quality.
Clouds, brought on by a brific gale from the fouth-eaft, covered the tops of the mountain.s about ten in the morning, and occasioned a heavy fhower of rain, of which the favagcs took fcarcely any notice. They did not even feek for any fhelter, whilil: we retired underneath the thickeft trees. As foon as it ceafed we continued our route, and they followed us with many marks of friendfhip. One of them, wifliing to relieve a failor who was loaded -with a large tin-box, filled with a variety of objects of natural hiftory, car- ried it for above four hours.
We foon after crolTed over the fmall river, on the banks of w^hich 1 obferved the acanthus Hid- folins. We then afcended very rugged rocks for a confiderable time, and were under great obli- gations to the favages, who exerted themfelves in fupporting us by the arms, to prevent our failing.
Each of them carried an axe ^f ferpentine ftone ; and one of them wishing to fhow us how
they
April.] of la rEiiousE. 231
they made ufe of them to cut wood, hacked off a branch of the melaleuca lalifoUoy about four inches thick.
It was not till a:ftcr a number of ftrokes, that he was able to make a Hight notch in it, then he broke it by forcibly bending down the end of it ; they all (hewed the greateft furprize at feeing us cut down in a fliort time, with a military axe, fome of the largcft trees in the foreft.
We had juft reached the, fummit of one of the higheft of thofe mountains, when one of our people made {igns to the favages that he wifned to have fome water to drink. Immediately two of them offered to go and fetch iome from a hol- low that appeared to be above half a mile dillant. They fct off, and \\c foon loft fight of them. As they were a long time before they returned, wc were afraid they had gone away with the bottles we had entrufted them with, but at laft they returned,^and appeared pleafed that they had it in their power to otter us fome very pure water to quench our thirft.
After this wc dcfccndcd towards the fouth-eaft and croiTed a fine valley, where I made a copious coUc6tion of plants, among which were the acrcf- tichum mtflrale, and fevcral new fpecies of limp- donini,
A very
232 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l703i
A very heavy rain obliged us to fcek for fhclter in the hollows of the rocks, where we remained for fome time. We invited the favages w^ho ac- companied us to partake of our repaft, but were much furprifed to find thofe cannibals rcjed: with difdain the falted pork w'hich was offered them.
The badnefs of the weather having prevented our continuing all night on the mountains, we re- turned towards our.veflels, going in a wefterly di ■ redion, in order to follow the declivity into a large valley, parallel with that w^hich we had juft croffed. I there obferved many new fpecies of pajjiflora. The ginger, amojmim ztngiher, grew there abundantly, but the natives told us they made no ufe of it. As fbon as we arrived on the Ihore, where we found our boats in waiting, to take us on board the fhips, they quitted us, and w^ent off to the eaftward.
I employed the w^hoie of the 30th in defcrib- ing and aflbrting the numerous collection of ar- ticles of natural hiftory, which I had made the day before.
May ift. This day we went towards the fouth- eafb, and after having penetrated a confiderable w^ay into the woods, we arrived at a hut iur- rounded with palifades, behind which wxre a w^o- man and two children, who appeared frightened
on
May*] of la perouse. 233
on our approach, but they refumed their courag# upon our prefentlng them with fome pieces of cloth, and a few glafs beads.
We next went towards two sfreat fires that
o
were kindled bv the favap;es in one of the moft gloomy parts of the forcft. They difperfed as foou as they perceived us, leaving two bafkets filled with the bark of trees.
Soon after we arrived on the borders of fome marlhes, where we killed feveral beautiful birds of the genus mufcicnpa : they had been attracted thither by the fwarms of mufquitoes, which ferved them for food. Further on Vv e found two young girls who had juft lighted a fire : they were dref- fing for their repall different forts of roots, amongfl whigh I recognized feveral belonging to plants which I had met with under the fhade of the large trees in the foreft. The girls left their provifions for fome time, retiring as we ap- proached them.
On our quitting the wood, we met with feveral favages who accompanied us to our landing place. 'They were much amufed with feeing Citizen Riche's dog purfue fome of the natives who were at a confiderable diftance, and whom he foon overtook, though they ran as faft as they could. As he did them no injury, thofe who were with us begged us to fet him at fome women who
Vol. IL Q were
234 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l 793.
^ere then coming out of the wood, and were anticipating their fright, but we would not be pcrfuaded to comply with their requeft.
We were witnefs, on arriving at the fhorc, to a faA which proves the great corruption of man- ners amongfl thefe cannibals. There were two girls, the oldeft of whom was not more than eighteen,- who were fhewing to our failors that part which they are accuflomed to conceal w^ith the fringed girdle mentioned above, and which forms the whole of their clothing. A nail, . or fomething of equal value, was fixed upon as the price of this favour ; but they took care to make their curious cuftomers pay beforehand.
Upon returning to the fhip, I found a chief who had dined at the tabic w^ith the officers. He had come in his canoe, accompanied by his Wife, whom he' would never allow to come on board, notwithftanding our repeated requefts to that purpofe.
On the 2d we went a fliooting in the great woods, which we had not explored, to the fouth- eaft, where we killed a prodigious quantity ot^ birds. We flopped in a fmall village, where we faw over two tombs pieces of wood rudely carved: the inhabitants told us that it was forbid- den to approach them ; but they confented very readily to fell us in exx:hange for fome pieces of
cloth
May.] Of la PEROtrsfii 235
cloth a human fcuU that was fufpended over another tomb, th-e coronal bone of which was fractured on the left fide. They informed us, that the warrior it belonged to had been killed in battle by a club.
Next mornlhg early, twenty of us fet off with an intention to crofs the mountains, and frorii' thence to defcend into the exteniive valley, where, in one of our excurfions, we had defcried at a great diftance a considerable number of cultivated fields. It was probable that we fhould there meet with a great number of inhabitants, but we were fuf- ficiently well armed to be able to repel any attack which they might venture to make
At firft we followed the coaft, advancing to- wards the vv^eft, and penetrating from time to time into the woods, W6 faw a number of inha- bitants quit their huts, and leave behind them a fiet which they had fpread oiit to dry. It ap- peared that that implement of fiiliing is very tart amongfl thefe favages: its common fize is about eight yards in length, and eighteen inches 'in breadth. They fliewed us but very few of them during our whole ll:ay in the Ifland, and ' no price could tempt any of them to part with one. .
We perceived near this place a great quantity ©f broken fhells of fifh, , which had ferved the
Q 2 Illanders
236 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l793.
Wanders for food. We found feveral of the fpe- cles known by the name of hemtier, of the length of twelve or thirteen inches. They ftill bore the marks of the fire which had ferved to drefs the animal contained in them.
The women principally are employed in fifhing for fhell-fifli. We faw fome of them from time to time, oppofite to where we lay at anchor, w^ho advanced into the water up to their waifls and gathered great quantities, which they difcovered. in the fand, by means of pointed fticks with which they groped for them.
We had already gone about three miles along the coall without finding any ftream of water, when three young favages came to meet us, and perfuaded us to follow them to their cottage, not far out of our road. We then found a fpring, below which they had dug fome trenches to con- dud: the water to fome plants of the arum tna- , crorrhhzon, the roots of which they eat.
We were on the flope of a fmall hill, under the fliade of fome cocoa trees. One of the fa- vages, w^hom I requefled to . procure us fome of their fruit, climbed to the top of the tree wuth an extraordinary degree of agility.
We foon after continued our courfe to the weft ward. The air was ferene, and the heat
excefHve,
May.] of la perouse. 237
exceffive, and we were attacked by a cloud of mufquitoes, which tormented us very much, by flinging every part of the body, not even fparing our eyes and ears. Fortunately a breeze of wind Springing up foon after, reheved us from their perfecutions, by dlfperfmg them.
Soon after this we arrived on the borders of a deep canal, which went in an inland diredlion to the foot of a very craggy mountain. This canal ferved as a harbour for the iflanders, three of whom we faw enter it in a double canoe, which they immediately faftened with a rope tied to the foot of a tree on the fame fide we were. They then went at a flow pace towards the fmall hills on the fouth-eaft, pretending not to have perceived us. Their canoe was the only one in the harbour. We made ufe of it to crofs to the other fide, where we found a fmall cottage, the plantations contiguous to which had been re- cently laid wafte. We ftill perceived fome re- mains of Caribee cabbages, and of fiigar canes. . The tops of all the cocoa trees had been cut off, and perhaps inhabitants had fallen Ti<5lims to the voracity of the barbarians who had thus deftroyed them.
Till then we had never met with any of the tombs of the favages, except clofe by their huts, but we now found one at a great dillance from
Q 3 any
238 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l793.
any habitation whatever, on the fide of the road which we purfued. It differed from the others, being built of ftone from the bafe till about, half way up.
We halted about noon, under the fhade of fe^ veral cafuarlna equefeUfoUa, and of feveral new ipecies of cerhera^ which grew on the banks of a rivulet, where we quenched our thirft, and in which we found fome fragments of roche dc come, brought down by the water. We caught two fea-fnakes fco.liiher laticandotusj, which we broiled and eat, but found very tough and ill tafted.
We w^ere about eleven miles diftant from our veffels when frefh marks of devaftation made us lament the lot of the wretched inhabitants, whom revenge often prompts to the commiffion of tlie moft horrible exceffes. They had deftroyed the principal habitations, and cut off the tops of all the cocoa-trees about them, having only fpared two fmall flieds which were covered with fpongy bark of the melahuca laitfolia,
Prefently after a foreil of cocoa trees, whofe tops we perceived at the diftance of a mile and a half to the w^eft, together with feveral columns of fmoke which rofe in different direclions, were indications of a great population. We directed our courfe toward this place for fome time, but 0ie marfhy ground which we rpuft h^vc crolfed
to
May.] of la perouse. 239
to reach it, caufed us to abandon our dcfign ; be- . iides, the day drew towards a clofe. We then went fouthward in fearch of a commodious fitua- tion to pafs the night in, when we foon pitched on an eminence, the difficult accefs to which fe- cured us from being furprifed by the favages. We hghted a fire, for the cold was fharp and piercing on thefe high grour^s, and we felt it the more fenfibly, as during the day we had experienced in the plain a very great degree of heat.
I gave all the birds which 1 did not mean to preferve to thofe of the fhip's crew who accom- panied us, and amongft thofe which they broiled immediately for our fupper were feveral of the corvus caledonkuSy and fome very large pigeons of a new fpecies, which I had before met with on the firft days after our arrival.
We all fupped and then went to fleep, leaving two of our number to watch by turn, for it was to be feared that the light of our fire would bring fome of the iflanders to us. In a very fhort time we were apprifed that the light of feveral torches, with v/hich the favages were approaching our re- treat in an eafterly diredion, was perceived to- wards the foot of the mountains. In an inftant we were all on our legs to obferve their motions, and prepared to give them luch a reception as circumftai^ces might render neceffary in cafe of /) Q 4 attack ; '
240 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l 793.
attack ; but after traverfmg feveral fmall hills, they defcended towards the coaft, getting farther from us to the .eaftward. Perhaps thefe canni- bals were upon forne expedition againfl their ene- mies. As we did not appear to be the objed: they were in queft of, we immediately lay down again to lleep, trufting to the vigilance of our centinels.
4th. At day-break we afcended towards the fouth-eaft, and were not long before we reached the fummit of the mountain, from whence we perceived, toward the wefl-fouth-weft, on the fea coaft, the great opening of the canal which traverfes the plain we propofed to viiit.
We foon defcended into a valley, nearly about the middle of which flood a delightful grove, to appearance planted by the hand of man, but it was only the goodnefs of the foil, moiftened by the water from the neighbouring mountains, that rendered the bufhes fo ftrong and luxuriant. I then collected a great number of plants, amongft which I found a new kind of fern of the myrio' theca fpecies, the tallefh of which rofe to the height of twelve feet, although the ftem was not more than three inches and three quarters in cir- cumference.
On leaving the grove we perceived two natives about three hundred yards below us, going towards the plain, of which we now difcovered the full
extent.
May.} of la pehouse. 241
extent. They looked at us -without iliopping, not- withftanding the figns of invitation we made them to come to us. One of them carried on his Ihoulder, at the end of a^llick, a bafket;, in all pro- bability filled with roots.
We had only a few more fmall hills to crofs before we reached the plain, when feveral of our companions, apprehenfive that we iliould be in want of victuals if we went much farther, or perhaps that we fhould meet with numerous parties of favages, left us and returned to the Ihips early in the day. Our number was now reduced to fifteen, upon their departure ; neverthelefs we continued our journey. We foon found by the fide of a path w hich feemed much frequented by the favages, feveral cabbage-palms, and having refrefhed ourfelves with the tender leaves from the tops of thofe trees, we defcended into a hol- low, where feveral fine aleurites added to our rc- pafl a plentiful deffert of fruit, the kernels of which w^e found of a very agreeable flavour.
The quartz and mica which were fpread over a large fpace, formed in that place a foliated rock of a very brilliant appearance, compofed of a thin ftrata.
We at length gained the plain, where the me- lancholy fight of a habitation entirely deflroyed, and cocoa trees cut up by the roots, furniihed
us.
242 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l793.
US with frelli proofs of the barbarity of the na- tives.
Farther on we faw plantations of yams, pota- toes, &c. We proceeded for fome time towards the fouth, and were furprifed at not feeing any ©f the favages, when I perceived an old man em- ployed in pulling up the roots of the dolichos tu- ber ofus, which he gave to a child to clean. He did not feem in the leaft intimidated on obferving us approach him, but every feature of the child v/as exprefiive of the moft violent apprehenfion. The old man had loft one eye, which he told us had been knocked out by a ftone, and we thought we recognifed him to be one of thofe inhabitants who had come feveral times to vifit us on board of our veiTels.
This man accompanied us along the path in a ibuth-eafterly diredion acrofs the plain, but had much difficulty in keeping up with us, for he had been wounded in one leg, where we perceived two great fears oppofite to each other, as if it had httn pierced through and through with a dart
On both fides of the road we faw ftraggling huts at great diftances from each other, fur- rounded with cocoa trees. Only a few favages appeared at a diftancc in the middle of the vaft plain. On our right lay a thick foreft of cocoa trees extending to the fooc of the mountains, on c V the
May.] of la perouse. 243
the edge of which we perceived a great number of huts.
We had gone a little more than a mile with the favage, when he perfuaded us to ftop Tn the neighbourhood of a habitation, probably his own, for he invited us to gather the fruit of the cocoa trees which furrounded it ourfelves, excuflng himfelf from climbing the trees on account of his wounds. I gave him fome pieces of cloth of different colours, and fome nails, which he fcem- ed to value highly.
Soon after ' another favage came to us, and both followed us till we came to the banks of a branch of the great canal which crolTed the plain ; it was filled with ftagnant water, equally fait with that of the fea.
We perceived at a diftance fome women and children, when our two favages left us, after ' having pointed out the path v/hich conducted us to the mountains.
At the fame inflant fome other natives fet fire to the dry grafs at a great diftancc before us on the fide of the path which we were following, and immediately difappeared in the woods.
After proceeding about half an h'our, I arrived on a very agreeable eminence, where the natives had built themfelves flieds about fix feet in height, in order to enjoy the frcfli air. They were of a
femi-
244 VOYAGE XJf SEARCH [l793.
femicircular form, and open at bottom all round to the height of about one foot, to admit a free circulation of air. We found no favages in either of two neighbouring huts, which were built near 9. bog, furrounded with the hiblfcus tiliaceus ; but contiguous to them we faw a large cultivated field, covered with yams, potatoes, and a fort of hypoxh, the roots of which thofe people eat, and which grows fpontaneoully in their forefts.
It was already one hour after dark, when w^e at laft arrived at the fummit of the mountains ; from whence, looking in a north-wxfl dirediion, Twe perceived the lights of our velfels. At fix or eight hundred paces below were feveral fires, lighted by the natives. The cold compelled us likewife to kindle a \&rj large one^ round w^hich we fat down to refreih ourfelves, after which we wxnt to ileep, leaving two fentinels to guard two pafiages by which the iflanders might come to furprize us, but none of them attempted to dif- turb our repofe. Only at day-break the fentinel who w^as to the north-eaft efpied three of them approaching very flowly, but they returned back on hearing him cry out to warn us of their coming.
5th. All our provifions being confumed, we felt fenfibly the neceffity of returning on board. I cpuld not, however, refill the defire I had to fpend
a few
May.] of la perouse. 245
a few hours in vifitlng a charming grove of trees, fituated on the other fide of the mountain, at a fmall diftance from the place where we had pafTed the night. I there obferved a great quantity of plants, which I had not yet found in any of the excurfions I had made in this ifland. . They be- longed chiejfly to the clafs of the filver tree and the trumpet flower.
I will here give a defcription of one of the finefl flirubs which grows on thefe heights. It forms a genus which I call antholoma, and which ought to be placed amongft the fpecies of the plaqueminiers.
The calyx, compofed of from two to four leaves of an oval form, often falls ofF w^hen the flower blows.
The corolla is of one piece in the form of a eup, and irregularly indented on the edges.
The fl:amina are numerous (about an hundred), and attached to a flelhy receptacle.
The ovarium is of a pyramidal form, quadran- gular, flightly funk into the receptacle, and fur- mounted by a ilyle terminated by a pointed ftigma.
The fruit has four cells filled with a great num- ber of feeds ; it was not yet ripe, but I think it becomes a capfule.
I have diftinguilhed a flirub by the name of
ajithohma
246 VOYAGE IN SEARCIt [l793.
antholotna mo7itana, many plants of which I ob- ferved fifteen feet in height. Its leaves are alter- nate, very ftrong, and, as well as the flowers, are only to be found at the extremity of the branches*
Explanation of the Figures in Plate XLL
Fig. 1 . Branch of the anthohma montana.
Fig. 2. Flower.
Fig. 3. Receptacle, flamina, and ovarium.
Fig. 4. Corolla.
Fig. (5. Stamina magniiied. ; One of the geographers of our company having left us about this time for the diftance of rather more than half a mile, in order to afcertain the pofition of the fhoals which he difcovered from a high peak, received a vifit from a favage, who approached him in a threatening manner ; he was armed v/ith a dart and a club, and we wxre afraid he intended to attack him, but he contented himfelf with examining the inilruments which he w^as ufmg, without giving him the fmallefl caufe of complaints
We arrived at our vefTels about noon. I obferved along the coafl a double canoe with two fails. It was conftru(fledlike thofe of tlie ifianders of New Caledonia, but the men who wxre in it fpokelhe language of the natives of the Friendly Iflands. They were eight in numbef, being feven men and
one
J^l4 tyJ.StrckilaU.J'leeatfiUj, /jA^rfV. ISOO .
May.] of la PEROtrsE. 247
one woman, all very mufciikrly built (See Plate XXXIV.) They told us that the iiland from whence they came was a day's fail to the eaft cf our moorings, and that the name of it was Aou- vea ; it was doubtlefs the iiland of Beaupre w^hich they meant.
Thefe inlanders, who were quite naked, had the end of the prepuce tied to the lower part of the belly by a cord of the outer covering of the cr'ocoa nut, which went twice round them. They know the ufe of iron, and appeared much more intelli- gent than the natives of New Caledonia.
I was much furprized to lee one of the planks of their canoes covered with a coat of varniili ; and it appeared to have belonged to feme Euro- pean veiTel, which I Vv'as convinced of when I found that the pov/der of lead formed a great part in the compofition of the varnifh. Without doubt the plank had belonged to a veffel of fome civi- lized nation VvTecked on this coaft. I requeued the favages to inform us of what they knew con- cerning the plank ; they fet fail foon after to the weft, promifmg to return next day to bring us information ; but they did not keep their word,- and we never had an opportunity of feeing them again.
When we returned, wx v/ere informed that the fame day that we had left the ihip on our excur- sion.
248 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l7Q3.
-fion, the lavages had attempted to feize the hatchets of our wood- cutters, whom they had attacked with ftones, but two mufkct jQiots had been fufficient to difperle them.
I employed the whole of the 6th to defcribe and arrange the numerous colIe6lion of articles of natural hiflory which I had brought with me from the mountains.
Next day the intelligence of the death of Cap- tain Huon, which we learnt at day-break, fpread a general forrow amongft all thofe concerned in the expedition. This ikilful naval officer had fallen a facrifice to a hectic fever about one o'clock in the morning, after an illnefs of feveral months. He met death with the greatefl coolnefs, and was interred, according to his particular defire, near the centre of the ifland of Pudyona, favoured by the veil of night. He had rcquefted that no kind of monument might be ere6led for him, appre- henfive that it n:iight lead to a difcovery of his burial place by the inhabitants of New Caledonia.
Soon after fun-rife eight of us went afhorc, and penetrated into the woods in a wefl-fouth- weft dire^lion. We foon arrived at a cottage, firoiii whence came a native carrying in his hand a mafk, which he agreed to fell to me for two joiner's chilTcls. This malk was cut out of a piece of the wood of the cocoa tree (See Plate XXXVII.
Fig.
May.] t OF LA PEROUSE. 249
Fig. 10.), but much better carved than the figures we had feen in other places at the entrance into their houfes. He covered his face with it feveral times, peeping through the holes made in the upper part of it. There was an opening for the mouth, but there were none for the eyes. They probably make ufe of thofe mafias to prevent be- ing known by their enemies when they under- take any hoftile enterprize*
We then advanced towards two fires lighted clofe by the huts, wher« we found a man and woman dreffing figs of a new fpecies, which they had placed upon the fire in a great earthen pot, without water, to take away the corrofive qua- lity. They called thofe figs ouyou.
I remarked two children at the fire, regaling themfelves with fpiders of a new fpecies, which I had obferved frequently in the woods, where they fpread their webs of fuch ftrength, as fre- quently to incommode us very much in our pro- grefs. They firft killed them, covering them up in a great earthen velTel, which they heated on a brifk fire. They then broiled and eat them. They fwallowed at leafl one hundred of them in our prefence. We faw afterwards in the fame illand feveral other inhabitants eagerly feeking the fame kind of food.
Such an extravagant and yet fb general a tafle Vol. JI. . R amongfl
25C> VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l793.
amongO: fo many numerous tribes caufed us great furprize, although we knew that fomc Europeans eat fpiders, and in preference fuch as are found in cellars, which they affirm tafte like nuts.
The inhabitants of New Caledonia call this a fpecies of nougui, which I diflinguiili by the name of aranea edulis (fpider which the Caledonians eat.). This fpider is reprefented in Plate XII. Fi^. A. The fituation of its eyes (See Fig. 5 • and 6.) which are eight in number, tw^o being near the middle of its back, at a great dlftancc from the others, make me give it a place in a new feAion of a black colour. Its back is grey, and above is covered with filver down ; between the eyes are four fpots of a brown colour ; below it is black. The lower part of the belly is of the fame colour as the upper part of the back, and is marked with from eight to ten fpots of a brown colour. On the {ides arc fix greyiili lines in an oblique direction, and below feveral faun-coloured fpots. The legs, which are alfo of a faun- colour .and covered wnth claws ot a fdver grey, are blackiih towards their extremity.
One of the fuiilecrs who accompanied us had loft one of his piftols ; wx informed the inha- bitants of this circumftance, and promifed them a reward if they would bring it to us. It was w^ith eonfidcrablc plcafure that wc faw, an hour
after
May.] of la perouse. 251
after we had quitted them, a favage corrle run- ning towards us with the piftol, which he faid he had found on the fands. In fad:, the foldier remembers having left it in the place where we had dined. A piece of cloth and a waiftcoat proved a very agreeable recompenfe to the iflander. He followed us for fome time accompanied by an- other Caledonian; then bid us adieu, pronouncing the word alaotie, bowing flightly with his head, retiring with an appearance of great fatisfadlion.
When we had reached the fliore, one of us fired his piece as a fignal to the fliip's company, that a boat might be fent off for us ; the noife of the explofion colled:cd above eighty of the natives around us. We invited them to fit down as faft as they arrived, in order to prevent them from coming too clofe, and notwithilanding the dif^ proportion of our number, (for we were only eight,) they all agreed to our requeft. One of thefe favages had a few tolerably fweet oranges, which he confented to fell to me for a pair of fciffars.
We learned, on arriving on board, that feveral perfons belonging to the Efperance, being in a canoe, had been affailed this morning with a ihower of ftoncs by the natives, on which it was found neccilary to fire feveral rnufket fhot to make them retire into iho, wood. It muft, how-
R 2 ever.
252 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l 7'93.
ever, be allowed, that this conteft was owing to the imprudence of one of our men, who, wafh- ing to keep the Caledonians at a diftance, had pointed his piece at them, which went ofF, through his aukwardnefs.
8th. General Dentrecafteaux gave the com- mand of the Efperance to Dauribeau.
I was very bufy during the greater part of the day, at a work which w^as indifpenfably neceffary for the prefervation of my colledlions. -In the afternoon I went on fhore, and foon after I per- ceived a number of the iflanders who had attacked bur fifhermen, in order to carry ofF both the not and the fifh that were caught. We were obliged to fire at leaft twenty mufket Ihot before they, could be entirely difperfed. They ilood firm on the fhore the whole time, returning our muf- ketry with their flings, a flone from one of which wounded the mailer-gunner of the Efperance ferioufly in the arm ; they then gave way, but in a few feconds returned anew to the attack ; how- ever, when they perceived two of their number fall, in confequence of our fire, and wounded fo as to be fcarcely able to crawl to the neighbour- ing wood, they were feized witb a general panic, and fled, nor did any others venture to renew the attack.
■ At the fame time that this encounter began,
the
May.] of la perouse. 253
the Commander in Chief of the expedition left his vefTel to go on board the Efpcrance ; he im- mediately directed his boat toward the Ihore, but the favagcs were entirely difperfed before he ar- rived there.
Before our fifliermen had been interrupted by the iflanders, they had caught feveral fpecies of the fcorpaena, amongft which was that known by the name oi fcorpaena digit at a pricked one of our feamen fo acutely in the hand, that for fe- veral hours he felt a very violent pain through his whole arm.
Qth. This morning at day break we went afhorc at the neareft landing place to our fhip, and fix of us, well armed, penetrated into the woods, advancing for a long time to the fouth-fouth-weft. I found on that excurfion many plants which I had not before met with.
I foon obfcrved a large bread-fruit tree, which grew^ near the middle of the mountain, being the fecond I had met with in the ifland. I ' took from it three fuckers, which I planted in a box in w^hich I had put thofe I had taken in the Friendly Iflands. Their leaves were not fo wide apart as thofe of the latter, perhaps they might not produce fuch excellent fruit. But after the care which I obferved the natives take of that which I had feen in a \411age to the
K 3 fouth-
254 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l/QS.
ibuth-caft of our lliip, I could not doubt but that they fet a great value on this tree ; it was planted in a very good foil, and furrounded with ftrong palifades. Neither of thofe trees yielded fruit at that time, but had a great number of male flowers.
We had already advanced a great way up the mountain, when fome of the people belonging to our veiTel, who went on fhore, difcharged their pieces before they returned on board. The report of the mufketry made us refolve to direft our courfe toward them immediately, appre- henfive of their being engaged with the favages. Night approached, and we went off to go on board our veffel, but the wind blew from eaft- fouth-eaft with fuch violence, and the current was fo ftrong, that they were driven rapidly to wxftward ; we had even great difficulty in mak- ing the Efperance, which we left half an hour fifterwards to go on board the Kecherche, as the weather had become more favourable.
The natives of New Caledonia are in general of the middle fize, we however, faw one who was more than fix feet in height, but very ill built. Their hair is woolly ; their cuftom of pulling it up by the roots is very general ; but we faw fome of them who let their beards grow. TThe colour of their fkin is as dark as that of thg
inhabitants
Ma^y.] of la. PEROUSE. 255
inhabitants of Dicmcn's land. They do not cover themfeves Uke the former with charcoal duft, though we remarked a few amongft them who had blackened a part of their breails with it, tracing thereon broad flrokes in an oblique di- rediion which they call poun, in their language ; many of them were adorned with necklaces, like that reprefented in Plate XXXVII, Fig. 4 ; thefe necklaces w^erc made of twifled threads, fufpended from which they ufually carried at the end of a bit of firing, a fmall piece of bone very indifferently carved, which appeared to be a hu- man bone. Their arms were fometimes orna- mented with bracelets cut, fome from fhells, others of quartz, or very hard flones. (See Plate XXXVII. Fig. 5 and 6.)
Thefe warlike people devote the greatefl atten- tion to the manufadiure of their arms, which they polifh perfectly well. Their clubs are of ,a great variety of forms, fome of which are to be feen in Plate XXXVII.
I was much furprifed to find that they were unacquainted with the ufe of bows.
Their javelins, which are commonly fifteen feet in length, are not more than two and a half inches in circumference in the middle. I ad-- mired the ingenious method they had invented to accelerate th' "notion of thofe javelins when
R 4 they
256 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l793.
they throw them : For that purpofe they em- ploy a piece of very elaflic cord, made of the co^ vering of the cocoa nut and fifh fkin, one ex^ tremity of which they fix to the end of the fore- finger, and the .other which ends in a fort of round button, is twifted round the end of the dart, but in fuch a manner as to quit its hold as foofi as that weapon is thrown into the air. (See Plate XXXV.)
1 did^ not perceive amongfi: thefe iflanders any confirmed fymptom of the venereal difeafe, al- though many of them had a fwelling of con- fiderable fize on the organs of generation, and others had obfi:ru(ftions of the feminal glands.
The voracity of which the Caledonians had given us evident proofs, prevented the General from giving them the he and ihe goats as he had intended : they had, doubtlefs, devoured the hogs and the two dogs, of which Captain Cook had made a prefent to one of their chiefs. They fcarcely took any care of their fowls ; I only faw three hens and one cock during our flay in the ifland.
We did not perceive amongft them any of the articles given them by Captain Cook. Perhaps thefe riches had been the caufe of the misfor- tunes of the inhabitants of this coaffc, .y exciting their neighbours to come and plunder them.
Ire-
May.] of la perouse* 2^7
I remarked with aftonifhment that the autho- rity of their chiefs had always appeared very in- confiderable in our various dealings vs^ith the fa- vages ; but I was not lefs furprifed to find that they exercifcd great power when their own pri- vate interefl was at flake, for they generally feizcd upon fuch articles as their fubjed:s had received from us.
While we were in New Caledonia we enjoyed a pretty fcrene fky.
The winds varied from the north-eafl to the fouth, and the ftrongefl were the eafl and the fouth-cafl.
Our moorings were in lat. 20° 1 /' 29" fouth, and l02° 16'' 28'' eaft longitude. ' 5^he variation of the needle was 9° 30'' towards the eafl.
The mercury in the barometer never rofe above 28 inches 2 lines jnd 2-lOths, and never fell be- low 28 inches 1 line and 4-lOths.
Notwithflanding the exceflive heat which we felt on the coafl, the thermometer never ex- ceeded 25°, and on board never rofe above 21°.
The tides were not obfervable above once a day, when we lay at anchor. The flood took place at half paft fix, and the waters rofe in per- pendicuvaiijiicight four fc : feven inches.
We could not gather the leafl intelligence . ^ during
258 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l /O^.
during our flay at New Caledonia, concerning the fate of thofe unfortunate navigators who wxre the obje(5l of our refearches. It is not, however, improbable, that this dangerous and almoft inac- ccffible coaft proved fatal to them. We know that La Peroufe was to have explored the weftern coaft of it, and one is chilled with horror in re- flecting on the fate that would await thofe unfor- tunate feamen, Ihould a fhipwreck have obliged them to feek for refuge amongft the cannibals that inhabit it.
CHAP. XIV.
Departure from New CaIedo7iia — Intervieiv '^^itH the hihahttants of the I/land of Si. Cr'h.cK- — Their Treachery — One of thefe Savages flightly pierces With an Arrow the Forehead of one of our 'Sea- me?i, who died fo me Time after in Confequence of the Wound — Singular ConfiruSiion of their Ca- noes— View of the Southern Part of the Arch'> peJago of Solomon — Interview) with its Inhabi- tants— Their Terfdy — The Northern Coaft of Luijiade reconnoitred — Intei'view with its In- habitafits — Dangers of that Navigation-^— Sail through Dampiers Straits in order to reconnoitre the North Coafi of New Britain — Death of Ge- neral
Mat.] of la peroitse. 259
neral Detitrecafleanx — The Scurvy makes great Ravages in both Ships — Death of the Baker of the Recherche — Cafi Anchor at JVaygioti.
E
ioth Mat. ARLY in the morning we fet fail from New Caledonia, but were no fooner in the open fea than we were becalmed near a long range of rocks, which we perceived to caftward, aaid againll: which the fea broke in a tremendous manner ; we however got clear of them, favoured by a light breeze from the fouth-eaft : failed by them in a longitudinal direction on the 1 1th and, 1 2th, and on the ] 3 th defcried beyond that chain to the weft the ifland of Moulin, at about 1/ mi^-^s diftance, and afterwards the Huon Iflands.
Next Gay our veifel was on the point of being dafhed to pieces on the rocks with which thefe iflands are furrounded, when at day-break we perceived the danger of our fltuation. We im- mediately tacked about and ftood off from them, and difcovered before the evehinp:; that thefe rocks were connecfled with thofe along which 'we had failed the year before.
Soon after we ftcercd for the ifland of Saint Croix, which, early on the morning of the 20th, we perceived to the north-weft, at about twenty- two miles diftance.
Next
SOO VOYA.GE IJ? SEARCH [l793.
Next day, about four in the afternoon, being then three miles diflant from the lliore, we ]i.er- ceived two natives coming towards us in a canoe with an out-rigger. They kept at a great dif- tance till five other canoes hadjoined them, when they eame nearer to our fhip. One only of thefe canoes carried three favages, the others contained no more than two. They addrefled their con- verfation to us, and made figns for us to land upon their ifland, but none of them would ven- ture on board our fhip, notwithftanding repeated invitations to that effedl. The boldeft of them did not come nearer than about fifty yards. They were armed with bows and arrows, and their whole drefs confifted of ri&cklaces and bracelets ornamented with fhells.
As night approached, our failors worked the fliip to {land on different tacks, when the favages left us and returned to the coaffc, but feveral hours afterwards, notwithftanding the darknefs of the night, we were vifited by another canoe, the fa- vages in which certainly thought that we under- ftood their language, for they fpoke to us for a long time in a very low tone of voice, but, not receiving any anfwer, they at length returned to their ifland. "'
22d. At day-break we approached the coafl, and foon perceived twehe canoes making towards
us.
May.] of la perouse. 261
us. They haftened alongfide of our veiTel, and th^ moft of them were loaded with different kinds of fruit, amongft which I remarked the bread-fruit, but of a fmaller Hze, and not fo good in quality as what we had met with at the Friendly Iflands; it was not, howxver, of the wild fort, for it only contained a very fmall quantity of feed.
We were not a little iiirprized to obferve that thofe iflanders fet very little value on the iron which we offered them, though we could not doubt that they knew the ufe of it, for one of them had a piece of a joiner's chiffel with a woodea handle, of the fame kind as their ftone hatchets ; but when we fhowed them fbme pieces of red cloth, their admiration, expreffed by the words youU, yoidi, gaves us hopes of fucceeding better with thefe articles in bar- tering for their commodities than with our hard- ware. In fad: they confented to fell us fome of their arms, but probably fearing, left we fhould turn them againft themfelves, they took the pre- caution not to part with any of their bows, and even to blunt the arrows which they fold us.
Soon after feveral of them gave us proofs of their difhonefty. With a view to cheat us of our articles in bartering, they at lirft offered a good
equiva-
262 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l793,
equivalent, but infifled on having our goods de* livered to them before hand, which they k(;pt, rcfufing to give us any thing in return.
About eight o'clock in the morning, the Ge- neral fent two boats to found a creek, which we perceived at about a mile dillance to the north- weft. On a fudden we loft fight of them, and were under fome apprehenfions refpecling them, when, about noon they appeared agam at the mouth of the creek, which they had been to reconnoitre. Several mufket-fhot fired from thcfe boats gave us to underftand that they had been attacked by the favages. At the report, the canoes which furrounded us made off with great precipitation. Our boats were not long before they arrived, and informed us that the opening which we had taken for a bay, was the extremity of a channel, which feparates the ifland of St. Croix from that of New Jerfey. This channel extends in length N. E. | E. being at the utmoft not three miles long, and its greateft breadth does not exceed one mile. It was founded with great accuracy, and a line of fixty-feven yards did not find the bottom in any part of it, not even withiil an hundred yards of the lliorc.
A great number of canoes had followed our boats, whilft large parties of favages on the lliore endeavoured to entice our people to them, by
Ihcwing
May.] op la perouse. 263
lihewing their cocoa-nuts, bananas, and jfeveral other fruits ; at length fome of them fwam off with thofe produdlions of their ifland in exchange for fuch pieces of cloth of different colours as were intended for them.
Our boats on their return, at the entrance into the channel, and near a fniall yiila,2:e on the coaft of New Jerfey, were juft leaving thefe lavages, when one of them was iecn to Hand up in the middle of his canoe, and prepare to Ihoot an arrow at a man belonging to the boat of the Efperance. Every one feized his arms, but neverthelefs the illander recommenced his figns of hoftility, whereupon one of our men prefented his mufket, but the favage, without being terrified with this menace, bent his bow very deliberately and let fly an arrow, which ftruck one of the rowers on the forehead;, although at the dillance of about eighty yards. This at- tack v/as inftantly returiked by the difcharge of a mulTcet and blunderbufs, the latter of which having fent a ihower of bullets into the canoe, from w^hich the arrow had been difcharged, the three iflanders who were in it immediately jumped overboard. Soon after they returned to their canoe and paddled haftiiy towards the lliore, but a ball at length reaching the aggreflbr, all three again jumped into the water, leaving their
canoe.
254 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [17^3.
tanoe, with their bows and arrows, which fell into the hands of our boat's crew.
All thefe canoes have out-riggers, and are con- ftruded as reprefented in Plate XLVI. Fig. 3. Their bows are placed upon the platform, fitu- ated between the canoe and the out- rigger, and formed of clofe wicker work. The body of the canoes is in general fifteen feet long and fix in width. It is of a fingle piece cut out of the trunk of a tree, very light, and almofi; as foft as the wood of the mapou. There is 'through the whole length an excavation of five inches wide. Here the rowers fit with their legs one before the other, and up to the calf in the hollow. They are feated on the upper part, which is fmooth. At each of the extremities, which are formed like 3 heart, we obferved two T's, the one above the other, cut out, but not very deep, and fometimes in relievo. The lower part of the canoe is very well formed for moving through the water. The out-rigger is always on the left of the rowers.
Thefe ifianders are accufi:omed to chew betel. They keep the leaves of it with areca-nuts, in fmall bag's made of mattins:, or of the outer
CD C
covering of the cocoa-nuts. The lime w^hich they mix with it is carried in bamboo canes, or in calebaflies.
Thefe people are, in general, of a deep olive
colour
May.] of la I^erouse. 26'5
' colour, arid the expreffion of their Countenances indicates an intimate conned:ion between them and the generality of the inhabitants oi the Mo- luccas ; though we remarked fome who had a very black ikin, thick lips, and large flat nofes, and appeared to be of a very different race ; but all thefe had woolly hair and very large foreheads. They are in general of a good ftature, but their legs and thighs are rather fmall, probably owing, in a great meafure, to their inad:ivity, and the lensfth of time wdiich thev are confined in their canoes.
Mofl of them had their nofes and cars bored, and wore in them rin2;s made of tortoife-flielL
Almofl all were tatoocd, particularly on the back.
I remarked with furprife that the fafliion of wearing their hair white was very general among thefe favages, and formed a ftriking contrail with the colour of their ik'in. Without doubt, thofe petifs mattres ufed lime for that purpofe> in the iame manner as I had obferved amongil the in- habitants of the PViendly Iflands. They are in the habit of pulling up their hair by the roots* Their notions of modefly have not taught thefe people the ufe of clothes. They generally have their bellies tied with a cord, which goes two or three times rotmd them. Their bracelets arc
^^OL. II V S formed
2^ \'OYAGE IN 3EARCH [l/O^-
formed of matted work, and ornamented with iliells that have been worn ; thefe are fixed to different parts of the arm, and even above the elbow.
The failor, who had been wounded in the head by the arrow, did not feel much pain from it ; he might have had it drefied immediately by the fiirgeon of the Recherche, but he chofe rather to wait till we fhould get on board the Efperance. No one would, at that time, have fuppofed that fo flight a wound would one day prove mortal.
As foon as the boats were hoiiled on board the veiTels we flood to the fouth-weft, a quarter well, coafting the iiland gf St. Croix, at the dillance of about three quarters of a mile, and obferved m.any ot the favages call to, and invite us to land. Several amongft them launched their canoes to come to us, but we failed too fall for them to overtake us.
We difcovered fome mountains, the higheft of which were at leafl three hundred yards perpen- dicular ; they v/cre all covered with large trees, between v/hich we perceived here and there very white fpots of ground, which appeared to be laid out in beds.
From thence, after having failed, along the coafl about nine miles, we found ourfdves oppo- site to a large bay, which has, without doubt, a
eood
May'.] of la perouse. 267
good bottom, but it is expofed to the fouth- call wind, which blew at that time.
Wc loon after perceived at a diftance, to the Ibuth, feveral canoes making towards the iiland of St. Croix ; others were feen at a ftill greater diftance, apparently employed in fifliing in flial- low water ; at the fame time we defcried to the fouth another flioal very near us, and which ex- tended far to the weft ward.
We had jufl: difcovered Volcano Ifland, when a great number of canoes left Gracious Bay, and made towards us, and as we had very little wund, they had fufficient time to come up with us. ^We already counted feventy-four, which had flopped at the diftance of eight or nine hundred yards from the veffel, when the clouds, which had gathered on the mountains, caufed the fa- "vages, by wdiom thefe perilous veffels were man- ned, to be apprehenfive for their fafety if they remained longer at fca. They immediately pad- dled towards the Ihore, but before they had reached it a violent fquall, accompanied with a
heavy fliower of rain, very much impeded their progrefs.
We flood off and on all night. The General propofed to anchor in Gracious Bay the next day.
Several fires were kindled on the coaft, to vidiich we were near enough to diftinguiili the
S 2 voices
2GS ^ VOYAGE IN SEARCH [^79^*
voices of the inhabitants, who feemed to be call- ing to us. We fired feveral mufkets, intending to give them an agreeable furprize, and imme- diately cries of admiration were heard from dif- ferent parts of the coaft, but the moft profound filence fucceeded to thefe demonftrations of joy, although feveral other fliot were fired.
23d. We did not perceive during the night, upon Volcano Illand, any indications that it Hill contained fubterraneous fire. This fmall ifland cannot contain a fufficient quantity of combuf- tible matter to fupply incefi^antly the volcanic fire, which Captain Carteret had obferved there. twenty-fix years ago.
The fouth-eaft wind continued all that day, and even on the next (24th), prevented us from en- tering the Bay, near which a great number of cottages were built under the ihade of the cocoa^ trees, that were planted along the beach.
The natives foon made their appearance on the fhore, when the General fent out two boats, following them with our veiTels, fo as to cover them in cafe of an attack from the natives. Th<e furf was too great to admit of our landing, ne- verthelefs feveral of the natives fwam to us, bringing cocoa nuts in exchange for pieces of red cloth, which they preferred before every other article we offered them. Some came in their ca- noes.
May.] ^ OF LA PERousE. 26g
noes, and all of them appeared very honeft in bargaining with us, which was perhaps owing to their having heard what had paflcd between us and the inhabitants of the eaft iide of the ifland. They, however, offered us only the word things they had ; niofl: of the cocoa nuts they brought were growing feedy. It w'as not till after fome time that they would fell us fome bows and ar- rows, but fearing left we lliould turn thefe arms againft themfelves, they took the precaution to carry the bows to one boat and the arrows to an- other. The latter were not pointed. We ob- ferved, that by means of a reddifh gum, a fmall piece of bone or tortoife-fhell," about half an inch long and well Iharpened, was fixed to the end of them ; others were pointed with the fame fort of materials from ten to twelve inches long ; but many were armed with the bone which is found next the tail in that ipecies of ray called raia pafl'inaca.
We obferved feveral hogs on fliore, which they would not bring to us at any price, but promifed to fell them if we would come afhore.
I remarked in their polTcffion a necklace of glafs beads, fome green and others red, which appeared to me to be of Englifli manufadlure, and which they agreed to exchange,
S 3 We
2/6 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l793.
We bought from thefe inhabitants a piece of '^loth, which gave us no very favourable idea of their induftry : it was co'mpofed of coarfe bark of trees, and very indifferently joined together.
One of them wore, fufpended upon his breaft, a fmall flat circular piece of alabaJAcr, which he parted with to fatisfy us.
" This interview had lafted nearly two hours, when, at a lignal from one of their chiefs, all the favages left us ; but, when they faw our boats preparing to leave the ihore, the women came clofe to the water's edge to endeavour to perfuade us to land : we, however, continued fteady to our purpofe, in a fhort time got on board the veffels, and foon after fet fail for the Illands of Arfacides.
On the 26th, about ten A. M. we perceived the Illands of Deliverance to the weftward. At noon V7e difcovered the fouthernmoft of them, between W. 13° S. and W. 19° S. diftant about twelve miles, and the other bearing W. 27° S. We found, by obfervation, that our veffel was in 3 0M8'S. lat. and iCo'' 1 8' E. long. Almoft the whole circumference of thefe two fmall iflands is very rua'ged, but they do not lie very high. We perceived inhabitants upon them, and large plantations of cocoa trees.
We
May.] of lx perouse. 271
We then crowded fail for the Arfacides, the loftv mountains of which we faw to the weft- fouth-weft.
27th. We coaftcd along it this day. About ten A. M. we had jufh pailcd a llioal near two miles in breadth, when, through the negligence of the watch, the (liip went over another flioal, where, however, there was fortunately fufficient water to prevent her receiving any injury.
At noon we were in lat. 10° 54'' fouth, and lung. 15 if 41'' tail:, when the land of the A^rfa- cidcs bore from ealt 2 1"" north, to weft 23° north : we were then about three miles to the fouth of the ncarcft fnorc. Thefe coafts were indented, having fmall hills projedling into the fea, forming a number of little bays, which atfordcd flielter from the caft wind. Moft of thefe fmall ^apes arc each terminated by a pyramidal rock of con- fidcrable height, crow^ned with a tuft of very green bullies. Farther in the interior of the coun- try we faw the fame kind of fmall hills ftanding on mountains of a moderate height, which ex- hibited a very pidturefque appearance.
It VN'as generally at the extremity of the fmall creeks that the inhabitants fixed their reftdence. Many of them had come upon the beach to en- joy the novel fpedlacle which our veiTels prefent-
S4 ed
2/2 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l793.
ed to them. Their cottages were built under the ihade of numerous plantations of cocoa trees.
"We had not yet feen any canoes on that Coaft, when, about four in the aiternoon, one came to- wards us. We were much allonifh-ed that the iflanders who were in it durft venture out on a fea greatly agitated in fo frail a veflel, the width of which was not any where more than two feet, and they fat in the deepeft part in order to pre-r ferve a proper equilibrium. (See Plate XLIV.)
After having approached to about two hundred arid fifty yards of our frigate, they addreffed a few words to us in a very elevated tone of voice^ pointing to their ifland, and inviting us to go on fhore. They then came ftill nearer, but a violent guft of wind compelled them to return to the fhore.
Thefe iflanders had not more clothins; than the inhabitants of the ifland of St. Croix, to whom they bear great refemblance,
28th. This morning at day-break we perceived that the current had driven us 18^ caft during the night. Our furprife at this was the greater^ as the eafterly wind, which prevailed at this time, fliould have countera<5led the force of the currents. Can the tides occafion this fnigular dit redion of the currents in thcfe latitudes ?
* About
May.] of la perouse. 273
^bout ten in the morning four canoes came oiF the lliore and advanced to within about four hun- dred yards of our fliip, but we could not wait for their nearer approach, as we were obHged to continue our courfe to double a cape which woufd have interrupted fome nautical obferva- tions we intended to make.
At noon we were in 10° 33^ S. lat. and 158° ^"j' E. long, and we faw the fea breaking with great violence againft Cape Philip, which is a very- rugged point. We doubled it about four P. M, and foon after perceived a large bay, the fhores oi wdiich appeared to be very populous. Wc faw feveral flieds under which the inhabitants had put their canoes to flielter them from the weather, and obferved cottages in every part even to the fummits of the higheft mountains.
Soon after the favages launched five canoes, and failed towards us. They all kept within call except one man, who, mounted in a catimarron canoe, came much nearer the ilern.of our vellel, to receive fome pieces of red cloth w hich we had thrown into the fea. His behaviour indicated the greateft miliruft. He kept his eyes fixed on us, none of our motions cfcaped him, and at the fame time he had the dexterity to catch every article that we threw him. The appearance of this native, featcd upon a few planks, beat about
- by
274 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [1/03.
b_y the waves, amufcd us for fome feConds. Our mufician wanted to entertain thole illanders with fome tunes on the violin, but jufi: as he was tuning his inftrument, they went oi^"^ towards the Efperance.
Soon after five other canoes came alongfide our veffel, teftifying the greateft confidence in us. The natives by which they were manned were certainly acquainted with the ufe of iron, for they expreffed great joy upon receiving fomc nails which we offered them. We could not learn whether thefe people are ufed to barter their commodities : at leaft we were not able to obtain any thing from them by this mode of traffic, although they had javelins, tomahawks, bows and arrows. They were, however, very ■\villing to accept of any thing that we offered them by way of prefent, and made us very oblig- ing propofals if we would land upon their coails ; vvliilfi:, with their, natural gaiety of manner, they frequently repeated the word Jbi^Jou (the bofom), accompanying their difcourfe with very fignifi- cant geftures, which produced great merriment among our failors.
At fun-fet the favages returned on fliore and kindled three large fires.
2Qth. The currents had carried us during the night into a large channel which runs along this
eafterly
May.] of la perouse. 275
caftcily ifland of the Arfacides,' formerly called the Ifland of St. Chriilopher, and belonging to the archipelago of Solomon, difcovcred by Men- dana. It now bore north, and foon after we dc- fcried the We des Contrarietes, which about noon bore E. 14° N. to E. 30° N. at a diftance of 5,130. toifcs, we being in g" 5 3^ S. lat. 359° 8'' E. long;. This fmail ifland is rather mountainous and yery woody.
We foon coafted along the fmall iflands called the Three Siilcrs, after w^hich we plied to wind- ward, in. order to get to the fouthward, fo as to pafs the llrait Vvhich feparates the ifland called by Mendana Guadal- canal from that of St. Chriilo- pher.
About eight in the evening the Efperance came near enough to us to acquaint uS;, by the fpeaking-trumpet, of a piece of treachery which had been pra^lifed upon her crew by the iilanders. She had been farroundcd, during' the preceding night, by a great number of canoes, from which only two of the natives came on board. Thefe favages commended, in very high terms, the fruits of their ifland, and promifed to give a great quan- tity of them to our men, if they would come on fliore : at length they departed about midnight ; but amongll the number of canoes which remain- ed near the Efperance, one was obfcrved much
larger
2^0 VOYAGE IX SEARCH [l /Q3,
larger than the refl, which, about break of day, rowed feveral times round the ^eilel, and lud- denly flopping, at leaft twelve arrows were dif- chars:ed from it, one of which wounded one of the crew (Defert) in the arm ; the greater part of the reft, fortunately, fticking in the fides of the lliip. After making this perfidious attack, they immediately fled w^ith precipitation, and were al- ready at a confiderable diftance before a niufket was fired at them : none of them were wounded : but a rocket, which was difcharged with a very good aim, and burft quite clofe to the canoe, ter- rified them exceedingly.
The other canoes had likewife fled at firfl, but they foon returned to the vefTel.
This ad: of treachery, and the perfidious con- dud of the fame favages to Captain Surville, gave lis reafon to believe that they had been aduated by the fame motives, w^hen they ufed their ut- moft endeavours to perfuade us to land upon their jfland.
30th. Being fcarcely able to govern our vefTel, on account of the flightnefs of the breeze, which blew by intervals from N. W. and W. N. W., we were very perceptibly carried by the currents towards the Ifle des Contrarietes. As the fky was very clear, we had a good view ol the ifland* of which the engraving publilhed by Surville af- fords ^
II"
"III', iV
""i|(i
''im
'-'l''' Mm '"'l'''lliii)i ' ' in il!
mw
ill ''fell'
■';1 il|i "[m^m
'M
lilllni, 11 '-it
May.] of la perouse. 277
fords a pretty cxad; reprefentation. We were at the diftance of 1,500 toifes, when a canoe rowed from the fliore, and came alongfide of our velTcL It was manned by fovir of the natives, who were very thankful for the prefents of ftuffs and hard- ware which we made them, and immediately gave us in return fome cocoa-nuts, which, Hkc moft of the natives of the Soutli Seas, they call ■nmi.
They appeared highly pleafed with the nails which we 2;ave them ; and continually besrced for more, frequently repeating the word mate (death), and endeavouring to intimate to us by their geftures, that they intended to employ them againft their enemies. Eight other canoes foon joined the firft, and approached our veffel with- out fliewing any figns of fear. We admired the elegant form of their canoes, which were exa(5lly fimilar to thole we had feen the preceding days at the cafterly part of the Arfacides. (Sec Plate XLIV). They were about twenty-one feet in length, two in breadth, and fifteen inches in dcDth. The bottom confiftcd of a fnigle piece cut from the trunk of a tree, and the iides were formed of a plank, the whole length of the boat, fup- ported by beams fixed at equal difiances into the bottom : at both ends other planks were attached to the firft, Thefe were ornamented on the
outfide
2/8 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l 793.
outfide with figures of birds, fiflies, &c., rudely carved. The greater part of the canoes were ter- minated in front with the head of a bird, under which was feen a large bunch of fringe, coloured with a red dye, which appeared to me to have been made of the leaves of the vacoua. The other extremity of the boat was like wife orna- mented with red fringe, and here we frequently obferved, in the inner fide, the carving of a dog projeding from the vefTel, which led me to fup- pofe that the favages poflefs this animal. I was furprifed to obferve that they had given.it nearly the form of a blood-hound ; though it is probable they do not pofTefs that fpecies, but that the carving was nothing more than an impcrfc6l rc- prefentc^tion of the dog ufually met with in the South Sea Mands.
The favages were obliged to remain conflantly at the bottom of their canoes, in order to jirevcnt their being overfet by the waves, and, what ren- dered their lituation ftill more incommodious, they had to fit in the water which was thrown in by the furge. They, however, took care to bale it out from time to time.
Amongft the commodities which ^\ ere obtain- ed from them, was a long fifliing line attached to the extremity of a large rod, which appeared to me Ibmewhat remarkable, as the greater part
of
JU^E.] OF LA PEROUSE. 2^9
of the favages we had hitherto feen, were in the pradlice of holding their fifhing Hnes in their hands. The hook was made of tortoife-flielL
Some of thefe natives wore as ornaments, bra- celets made of various kinds of fhells ; others had them of the rind of the cocoa nut, befDan2;led throughout their whole circumference with a great number of coloured feeds.
It does not appear that they chev/ betel ; at leaft I never perceived any figns cf their doing it- After thefe boats had remained feveral hours about our veifel, one of their chiefs gave them the fignal for departing, upon which they immedi- ately row^ed towards the coaft with great fpeed. One of the boats, however remained a fev/ mo- ments, to receive fome pieces of red cloth which we were about to prefcnt to the natives at the inftant when the iignal was given ; but as foon as thefe ifianders faw that their companions had left them behind, they plied their oars with all the fpeed they v/ere able, in order to overtake them. We were amazed to fee their canoe ilcim the waves with fuch rapidity, thcit it m'uft have run at the rate of at leaft 7,500 toifes an hour.
June l ft. Early in the morning wx began to range along the fouthern coail of Guadal-canal, which defcends with a very gentle declivity^ to the fca, and obferved in the interior part of theiiland
a long
280 ^'OVAGE IN SEARCH [l/9^-
a long chain of very high mountains, running in the fame direction. We foon diftinguiflied the Mount Lama of Shortland. The coaft was bor-^ dered with cocoa trees, under the fhade of which "wc obferved a great number of huts. The low grounds rendered a large extent of this coaft in- acceffible to our vefTels, and we were much in- commoded by the currents which carried us to caftward. This unexped:ed diredtion of the cur- rents furprifed us th^rnore, as the winds that had prevailed during our ftay in thefe parts 'might have been exped:ed to direcfl their courfe to the weftward.
On the morning of the 4th, we doubled Cape Hunter, difcovcred by Stiortland. About ten o'clock we palled quite clofe to a fmall ifland connedled by fome reefs to the coaft, where we faw feveral groups of the favages feated under ?he fliade of fine plantations of cocoas, and bananas, which give this ifland a very pi(51:urefque appear- ance. A great number of canoes lay upon the beach, and we expe6led that the natives would put to fea with fome of them to come to our veftcls ; but their indifterence aftoniftied us : not one of them moved from his place, nor even rofe from his fitting pofturc in order to have a better view of our fhips.
Thtf^
June.] of la perousjeT.''^ 2¥i^
This fmall illand is iituated in g°"^l^ S. lat' 157° 19^ E. long.
We foon came in fight of the wefternmoft point of Guadal- canal.
On the /th, about noon, \vc defcried the largeil of Hammond's iflands, N. 4° W. to E. 0"" N. at the diftance of 5,130 toifes, -we being in 8° 4Q^ S. lat. 155° 9' E. long. We now left this archi- pelago, and made fail for the northern coait of Louifiade.
The furvey which we had taken of the Arfa- cides, left us no room to doubt of their being the archipelago of Solomon, difcovercd by Mendana ; as had been fuppofed upon the fame grounds by Citizen Fleurieu, in hi^ excellent work upon the difcoveries of the French.
On the 9th, the Efperance informed us of the death of an unfortunate man of her crew (Mahol), who had been wounded in the forehead, feven- tcen days before, by an arrow from one of the fa-^ Stages of the ifland Sainte Croix. The wound, however, had cicatrized very well, and, for four- teen days, the man had felt no troublefome fymptom whatever ; when he was fuddenly at^ tacked with a violent tetanas, under which he expired in three days time.
Many of our company fuppofed that the arrow with which he was wounded had been poifoned ;
Vol. IL T but
282 VOYAGE IN SEARCH ' [l7Q3.
but this conjed;ure appears to me improvable as the wound cicatrized, and the man reraained fourteen days in good heahh. Befides, we found that the arrows, left in the canoq by the favages, and afterwards taken poffeffion of by our failors, were not poifoned ; for feveral birds that we , pricked with them experienced no troubiefome confequences from the pundlure : but it is a cprn- mon occurrence in hot chmatcs, that the ilighteft puncture is followed by a general fpafmodic affec- tiouj, v/hich almoft always terminates fatally.^
On the ] 2th/ about ten in the morning, we defcried the coafts of Lrouifiajde, and at firft mif- took the moft caflierly extremity for Cape Deli- verance, but foon difcovered' that to be 25^ farther north.
We were afloniilied to find that the rapidity of the currents had been fo great as to carry us 44'' to the northward in the fpace of twenty-four 'hours. The obferYatioris made on board the Efperance gave the fame refult.
We now fteered weft, coafting along pretty high lands, from which, however, we were obliged to keep at a confiderable diftance, on ac- count of the great number of fhoals which ex- tended very far into the fea, and rendered our navigation extremely dangerous.
On the 1 4th, at day-break, we found ourfelves
furrounded
June.] of la perouse. 283
furrounded with rocks and fhoals, amongfl which we had been carried during the night by the currents from W. N. W. In vain we phed to windward with a very good fouth-eaft breeze, with a view of extricating ourfelves from this dangerous fituation ; the currents always pre- vented us from getting beyond a fmall illand fitu-^ ated to the north-eaft, at the diftance of 2,500 toifes, near which there appeared to*be a pafTage into the open fea. We were then in 10° 58^ S. lat. 151° 1 8'' E. long. Our room for beating be- came more confined, and our fituation the more hazardous, in proportion as we were carried far- ther to the weftward ; befidcs, we found no bot- tom, fo that we were at length obliged to refolve venturing among th^ fhoals to the N. W. in hopes of finding there a pafTage for our vefTels ; but this refolution was "not taken till late in the evening. It was already night when we found ourfelves becalmed in a narrow channel, and at the mercy of a rapid current, which might every moment prove our deftruftion, by ^driving us upon the rocl^s with which we were furrounded. How- ever, at break of day we had the fatisfadiion of finding ourfelves in the open fea, extricated from all our dangers. Our fituation had undoubtedly been a very hazardous one ; but fince we had already traverfed feas full of Ihoals^ we were be-
T 2 come
284 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l/QS,
come {o accuftomed to danger, that myfelf, as well as fevefal others of our company, went to bed at our ufual hour, and ilept as foundly as if wc had been in a ftate of the moft perfed; fe- curity.
1 7th. The coafts, along which we had hitherto ranged to the northward of the iilands, were in- tercepted by a great number of channels. We had feen many habitations in this numerous col- lection of iflands, but not one of the natives. On the 29th, being in latitude ] 0° 8^ S. long. 149° 37^ eafl, and failing at a fmall diftance northward of a clufter of fmall iflands, we obferved fifteen of the natives coming out of their huts. Three of them immediately entered a canoe, and made to- wards us, but we failed fo fall, that they were not able to come up with our veflels.
Another canoe foon appeared near the weftern- moft ifland of the group ; it was much larger than the former, and carried an almoft fquare fail, which being immediately loofcd, it foon came very near to us, but all our endeavours to perfuade the men to come alongfide of our veflel were in vain. They afterw;ards made towards the Efpc- rance, and having approached within a fmall dif- tance of her,, drew in their fail, and would not come nearer ; our velTels were then lying to, , Citizen Legrand, being very defirousof an inter- view
June.] of la pejiouse. 285
view with the natives, threw himfelf into the fea, and foon fwam up to the canoe. We were in- formed in the evening that this officer had not feen any arms amongll them ; and, that though they were twelve in number, they had Ihewed fome figns of fear w^hen they faw him approach them.
It appears that they 'are unacquainted vv^ith the ufe of iron, as they feemed to fet httle value upon that which he prefented to them.
Thefe iflanders were of a black colour, not very deep, and ftark naked. Their woolly hair was ornamented with tufts of feathers, and they wore cords bound feveral times round the circum- ference of their bodies, undoubtedly intended to afford a fupport to the mufcles of the belly. Many of them w^ore bracelets made of the rind of the cocoa tree.
We admired their dexterity in fteering near the wind w^hen they returned to the Ihore.
On the morning of the 18th, two canoes with out-riggers and fa.ils, each manned by twelve fa- vages, failed fwiftly round our veiTel, watching us with great attention, but at a confiderable dif- tance. They afterwards kept for a long time to windward of us. Wc were then in Q^ 53^ S. lat. 14y° lo' E. long, There was every appearance of great population on the fbuthern coaft, and
T 3 efpecially
286 VOYAGE IN SEARCH ['1793.
% ' « - .
efpeclally towards the farther erxd of a large bay that Extends to S. S. W. ' We foon perceived feveral canoes rowing towards us, each manned by ten or eleven natives, who kept at the difiiance of about a hundred yards from our vefTel, till ibme pieces of cloth, which we threw into the fea for them, induced them to approach' nearer. They appeared much furprized at feeing a young black On board of our vcflel, whom we had brought with us from Amboyna. They did not underftand him when he addreiTed them in the Malay language. Thefe favages had all woolly hair and olive-coloured fkins ; I obferved, liow- ever, one amonfl them who. was as black as the negroes of Mozambique, and refembled them alfo in other particulars. His lower lip, as is the cafe with them, proje6ted confiderably beyond the upper. All thefe iflanders ufed betel ; and they were all flark naked. They wore bracelets orna- mented 'with fliells. Many of them had a fmall piece of bone paffed through the partition be- tween the noftrils; others wore a ftring of ihells like a fcarf over their fhouldecs.
They prefented to us roots baked in 'the afhes, and carefully peeled. We obferved no other weapons amongft them than fhort javelins, pointed only at one end.
Their huts were fupported fix or eight (cct
above
June.] of la perouse. '28';
above the ground upon ftakes, like thofe 6f the Papous.
Thefe favages wilhed us to land upon their iiland, but obferving that we receded farther from it, in confequence of the currents which carried us to the weftward, they left us and re- turned to their coafts.
Two of the canoes were ftill quite clofe to the Efperance at half after three o'clock, when we obferved three mufkets fired from that veflel, upon which the favages fled, rowing -with atl their might. We foon learnt that the men in one of the canoes had thrown ftones at the crew of the fliip without the leaft provocation having been given. None of the failors, however, had been wounded by this aS: of treachery ; and the mufkets had been fired only to terrify them.
Soon after two boats were difpached in order to found feveral creeks along the coali, where we hoped to find good anchorage. — We found our- felves difappointed ; as it was necelTary to ap- proach within a hundred yards of the coaft, be- fore the bottom could be reached with a line of feventy yards ; and at the diftance of two hundred yards we could not ftrike the ground' with a line of lefs than a hundred and fixteen.
Notwithftanding the fright which the mufkets fired at their companions might have given them,
T 4 fome
288 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l793:,
fome of the natives came alongfide of our vefTel from the very place to which the others had made their efcape. They fhewed themfelves very •fraudulent in their dealings with -us, bargaining at any price for the commodities which we had to barter with them, and as foon as they had got them in their poffeffion, refufmg to give us asay thing in return. One of them, however, con- fented to give up to us a flute and a necklace, which are reprefented in Plate XXXVIII. Fig. 20 and 27.
I obferved one of the natives who wore, fuf^ pended from his neck by a thin cord, a part ot a human bone, cut from about the middle of the cubitus. Whether this might be a trophy of fome victory gained over an enemy, and thofe iiatiyes belong to the clafs of the canrdbals, lean-!' not tell,
' Many of them had their faces fmeared over -with the powder of charcoal.
They generally cover their natural parts with large leaves of vacoua, paffing between their thighs, and faftened to the girdle before and ber hind by a very tight ligature.
They had with them fome pretty large filhing nets, to the lower end of which they had faftened various forts of fhells ; fome of thefe Ihells they carried in fmall cylindrical bafkets, furnifhed in
the
June,] of la perodse: 28^
the infide with cords feemingly intended to pre- vent their breaking.
They ufed combs with three diverging teeth, fome made of bamboo, others of tortoifc-lhell.
The favages left us at the clofe of the evening, and we pUed to windward during the whole night.
We had fcarcely advanced more than 10,000 toifes to the N. E. fmce the preceding evening, when we found ourfelves furrounded with low illands connected by fhoais, amongfh w'hich we were obliged to beat even during the night. We feveral times paffcd over fiats, which we could diftinguifli by the dim light of the moon, and often found ourfelves in lefs than ten fathoms water.
A calm coming on about midnight, left us at the mercy of the current, which carrfed us to- w^ards the coaft where the favages had lighted feveral fires.
At break of day w^e perceived the Efperance at a great difliance from us, and much nearer to the land than our vefiel, fo that fhe was obliged to be towed by the boats.
The favages foon came in great numbers along- fide of our veiTel, but were not to be prevailed upon to come on board. An old man, who had already left his canoe in order to comply
with
2gO VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l793.
with our invitation, was prevented by the reft, who eagerly pulled him back to them, as if they imagined him to be about to expofe himfelf to fome great danger.
We thought that we recognized amongft thefe iflanders fome of thofe whoni we had feen on the two preceding days. They were very curious to know the names of the things we gave them ; but what furprifed us very much was^, that they enquired with the terms poe nama, which very much refemble the Malayan words apa namUf .fignifying '^ what is the name of this ?" They, however, underftood none of the men in our fhips, who addreffed them in the Malay language.
Thefe favages brought with them a fort of pudding, which we found to confift partly of roots and the flefh of lobfters. They offered us fome of it, and thofe of us who ate of it, found it very well tafted.
Moft of thefe iflanders made ufe of a human cubitus, fcooped out at the extremity, for draw- ing- the pieces of chalk which they mixed with their betel, from the bottom of a calabafh.
They fold us an axe ihaped like that reprefented in Plate XII. Fig. g ; it was made of ferpentine ftone, very well poliflied, and hafted with a fmgle piece of wood. The edge of the axe was in the direction of the length of the handle, as in ours.
Thefe
June.] of la perouse. 291
Thefe iflanders are very fond of perfumes; moll: of the things we got from them were fcented. They had pieces of the bark of dif- ferent aromatic trees, one of which feemed to mc to belong to the fpecies of laurel, know^n by the name oiilaurus cuJ'ilabaU, which is very common among the Molucca iflands.
The calm flill continued, and about one o'clock the Commander fent the barge to aflaft in towing the Efperance, a^ the crew might be fup- pofed already much fatigued with their labour. At length, about half an hour after four a breeze fprung up from the fouth-eaft, which enabled her to get clear of the fhoals. The barge fooii returned to our veffcl, when we were informed that the Efperance had been furrounded for a long time by a great number of the favages ; that about noon they had pointed out to the crew two canoes rowing from two fmall iflands to meet each other, and given them to underfland that the iflanders in the boats v/ere going to fight a battle, and that thefe who came off conquerors intended to devour their enemies. During this recital, a ferocious expreffion of pleafure was vi- fible in their countenances, as if they were to par- take of this horrible banquet. After this com- miunication, almoft all thofe among our crew who had eaten of the pudding, which the favages
brought
292 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [1/93.
brought them in the morning, were feized with retchings, from the apprehenfion that this food, which' feemed to be fo highly grateful to the iflanders, was partly compofed of human llefh.
The two canoes were foon near enough toge- ther to commence the engagement. The com- batants were feen mounted upon a platform of wood, fupport^d by the out- rigger and the ca- noe, from whence they threw ftones with their flings,' each of them wearing a buckler upon his left airm, with which he endeavoured to ward of the "ftones thrown- by his adverfary. They, how- ever, feparated after a fight of half a quarter of an hour, in which none of them appeared to have 'been dangeroufly wounded, and returned to the fliore.
The captain of the Elperance fent to the Com- mander a tomajiawk and a buckler which he had' obtained from thefe favages.
The tomahawk was very broad, and flat at one of its extremities. The buckler was the. firft: defenfive weapon which we had obferved among the favage nations we had hitherto vifited. It was made of very hard wood, and of the form reprefcnted in Plate XII, Fig. 7 and 8. It was nearly three feet in length, a foot and a quarter in breadth, and upwa^s of half an inch in thick- ncfs. The outer fide was llightly convex. About
the
June.] of la perouse. 293.
the middle'of Fig. 8, which reprefents the inner fide of the buckler, three fmall pieces of cane are viiible, by which the illanders fix it to the left arm.
Though the natives had, been in great numbers about the Efperance, they had attempted no ad; of hollility, except that one of them appeared to be preparing to throw a javelin at one of the crew who was uDon the wale, but fceinjz; himfclfob- ferved, he defilled from his defign, and the canoe in which he was rowed away from the veffel with precipitation.
On the following days we failed by fome very low fmall iflands, beyond which we faw very high lands to the fouthward. The prodigious num- bers of flats which we continuallv encountered, prevented us from ranging nearer to the coaft.
On the '25th, being in 8^ 7^ fouth latitude, 146'' o(/ eaft longitude, we faw the hish srounds of New Guinea extending from fouth- weft to north- weft. After having followed them in their di- redlion to north- wefl, we arrived on the 27th at a deep gulph, about 40,000 toifes in extent, and furrounded by very high mountains, the loftieft of which are on the north fide, where they unite with that which forms the Cape of King William. The calm detained us here till the 20th, when •we failed for the flraits of Damplcr,
Lrli
2g4 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l793
Oji the 30th, at break of day, we difcovered to the N. W. W. a very high mountain furrowed near its fummits by longitudinal excavations of a great depth. This was the Cape of King Wil- liam. We afterwards obferved the weftern coaft of New Britain, for which we fteered under full fail, in order to get before night to the north- ward of the ftraits of Dampier. The fun being' in our face, the man at the maft-head could not perceive timely enough a flat over which we p^fled about eight in the morning, the furge run- ning very high. After getting clear of this, we tliought ourfelves out of all danger ; but about three quarters of an hour after, we found our- felves between two fboals very near to each other, which inclofcd us in fuch a manner, that it was impoffible to pafs through with the fouth-fouth- eaft wind, which drove us farther and farther in. The Commander gave orders immediately to put about; but there was not time fufficient to per- form this manoeuvre, before our veifel drove to- wards the fhoals to the northward, where we ex- pected llie would foon be wrecked, when Citizen Gicquel cried from the maft-hcad that he faw a paffage between the rocks which, though very narrow, was yet wide enough for our veflel to fail through. We immediately fteercd for this pailage, and were at length extricated from one
of
June.] - of la perouse. 29s
of the mofl hazardous fituations which we expe- rienced daring the whole courfe of our expedi- tion. We were, however, not yet out of all dan- ger, being ftill furrounded for fome time by other ihoals, which obliged us feveral times to change our direftion ; but we were at length fortunate enough to find a paflage through the narrow^ ftraits by which they were feparated from each other.
About noon we were already very far up the ftrait, our latitude being 5° 38^ fouth, longitude 140° 24' eaft.
The coaft of New Britain bore from eaft 37° fouth, to eaft Gl ^ north, we being at the diftance
of 2,500 toifes from the land.
The illand on which Dampier difcovered a Volcano bore weft 38^ north, at the diftance of 7,0oo toifes. This volcano was then extinguiflied ; but we faw, at the diftance of 5,130 toifes, weft 28° north, a fmall ifland of a conical form, which was not obferved by Dampier to exhibit any figns of fubterraneous fire. A thick fmol^e proceeded at intervals from the fummit of the mountain ; and about half an hour after three, a great quan- tity of burning fubftances were thrown out of the aperture of the volcano, which lighting upon the eaftern declivity of the mountain, rolled down the fides till they fell into the fea, where they
immediatelv
296 A'OYAGE IN SEARCH [l793.
immediately produced an ebullition in the water, and raifed it into vapours of a fhining white co- lour. At the moment of the. eruption, a thick fmokc;, tinged with different hues, but principally of a copper colour, was thrown out with fuch violence, as to afcend above the high eft clouds.
We faw a great number of inhabitants along the coaft of New Britain, and feveral huts raifed upon ftones, after the manner of the Papous.
We left the ftrait before clofe of evening.
We now ranged ^long the northern coaft of New Britain, where we difcovered feveral fmall illands, very mountainous, and hitherto un- known. The currents in this paflage were fcarcelv perceptible, except under the meridian of Port Montague, where they carried us rapidly to the northward, which led us to fuppofe that we were oppofite a channel that divides the lands of New Britain. AVe left this coaft on the Qth July, after having been impeded in our furvey of it by the winds from the fouth-eaft, and the frequent calm5.
We had been oblisfed for a lona; time to live upon Vv^orm-eaten bifcuit and falt-meat, which was already confiderably tainted, in confequence of which, the fcurvy had begun to make great ravages amongft us. The greater part of us found ourfelves compelled to leave off the ufe of coffee,
as
Aug.] of la ^erouse. ^^f
as it occarioned very troublefome fpafmodic af- fections.
On, the 1 1th we fteered very near the Portland lilands.
In the afternoon of the 12 th we efpied the mofl: eafterlyof the Admiralty Ifles.
On the 18th, about fun-fet> we difcovcred the Anchorites S. W. by W.
About feven o'clock in the evening of the 2l{t we loft our Commander Dentrecafteaux; he fiink under the violence of a cholic which had attacked him two days before. For feme time he ha4 experienced a few flight fymptoms of the fcurvy, but we were far from imagining ourfelves threat- ened with fo heavy a lofs.
August 2d. we defcried the Traitors Iflands, and about noon we faw them at the diflance of 20,000 toifes, from S. 35° W. to S 42° W. we being in 0' S. lat. 134^ S-'E. long.
On the 8th our baker died of the fcurvy, his whole body having been previoufly affected with an emphyfema, which had encreafed with afto* nifliing rapidity, in confequence of the heats of the Equator.
On the lith we doubled the Cape of Good Hope of New Guinea, and on the I Gth caft an- chor at Wavffiou.
Vol. II. U CHAP.
^9« VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l793.
CHAP. XV.
jihodc at Jfajgiou — Scorbutic Patients are fpeedily reUeved-—Litervieii's with the Natives — ^?tchor at Bourou — Paffage through the Straits of Bon- ton — Ravages produced, by the.Dyfentery — A^i-
' chor at Soiirabaya — Abode at Samarang — My Detent'toJL i^^t Fort Anke 7iear Batav'ia — Abode at
]. IJle de France— Bet urn to France.
|URING our ftay at Waygiou we were fre- quently vifited by the natives, who brought US turtles, feveral of which weighed from 200 to 240 pounds. They had mofhly been taken on the iilands of Aiou. The foup which we made of them afforded great relief to our fcorbutic pa- tients. When the natives perceived that we were in need of them, they made us pay for them at ten times their value. Thcfc animals continued to crawl about feveral hours after their heads had been cut off. The natives fold us likewife, turtle efipgs roaftcd and dried ; broiled turtle flefi:i, pul-^ lets, hogs, of w^hich they told as there was great' abundance in their woods ; oranges, cocoa-nuts, papayas, gourds of different kind^, rice, purflain (portidaca quadrtfidci)^ fugar canes, pimento, un- ripe cars of Turkey corn roafted, and the frefh
iprouts
Aug.] of LAPERousfe. 299
iprouts of the papaya tree. They told us that the fprouts and unripe fruit of this tree were very good eating when boiled. They brought us alfo fago, made into a fort of flat cakes, three inches broad and fix long, which they ate without any farther preparation. Some of them brought us fago made into a fourifh tafted pafte, after having undergone fermentation.
Moft of thefe illanders were naked all but their natural parts, which they cover with a coarfe ftuft", apparently made of the bark of the fig tree. The heat of the climate renders all other cloatli- ing unneceflary. Only their chiefs wear very "wide trow^fers and jackets, made of fluffs which they buy from the Chinefe, who, as they told us, came from time to time to anchor where we were. Some of them wore alfo bracelets of filvcr, which they had like wife bought of the Chinefe. Al- mofl all the chiefs of thefe favages had been at the Molucca Iflands, and fpoke the Malay lan- guage. Some wore hats made of the leaves of vacoua, of a conical form, and very like to thofe of the Chinefe. Others had their heads bound round wdth a fort of turban. They have all curled hair, which grows very thick, and to a confider- able length. The colour of their fkins is not very black. Some fuffer the beard on the upper lip to grow, and have their ears and the divifion of
U 'I the
300 VOYAGE IN SEARCI^ [l 79^
the nofe bored. Several of them fhewed us their dexterity in fhooting with the bow at a mark placed at the diftance of more than forty paces; and their arrows -always came very near their aim. Others were armed with very long lances, pointed with iron or bone. Thefe iflanders un- doubtedly know how to forge the iron, as they fet great value upon fome bars of this metal, which we gave them. Tin was likewife in great requell with them. But of all our commodities they gave a decided preference to cloth, particu- larly fuch as was of a red colour.
The ifland Waygiou, called by the inhabitants Ouarido, is covered with large trees, and through- out mountainous, even at a very fmall diftance from the coaft. The huts were built of bamboo, raifed upon ftakes, about three yards above the ground, and covered with reeds.
It is remarkable, that as foon as w^e had landed, thofe of our crew w^ho were the leafl; affedled with the fcurvy, or even fliewxd no lymptoms at all of that diforder, became affedcd with a con- iiderable degree of fwelling all over the body: but this fymptom, which had very much alarmed fome of us, difappeared entirely after w^alking three or four hours.
During our ftay in this ifland I made very fre- quent excurfions into the forefts, where I colle<5l-
ed
J'eti ^ iy I S tori-Jolt .Ft'cntAiUy Js^^^priC/SfO.
Aug.] of la I'erouse. 301
ed a great number of new plants, and killed a va- riety of rare birds, amongll which was that fpe- cies of the promcrops which Buffon calls the promerops of New Guinea ; alfo a large pjkaccus aterrlmus, and a new fpecies of cako, to which I gave the name of the calao of the ifland Way- giou. Its beak is bent, of a dirty white colour, and about fix inches in length. Each mandible is unequally notched, and the fuperior is fur- mounted by a hood of a yellow colour, flat at the top and ridged. The wings and body are black, the tail white, and the neck of ^ lively red. (See Plate XI.) This beautiful bird is two feet in length, from the tip of the beak to the extremity of the feet.
I faw feveral wild cocks in the woods. I'he female of this fpecies, which was brought us by the natives, was fcarcely larger thaii a partridge, and yet its eggs were as large again as thofe c£ our domeftic hen. This wild fpecies of the dung^ hill-cock is black, that which I had found in the forefts of Java was grey.
The crow^ned pheafant of India fcohmha coro- nata) is very common in thcfe thick forefts, where we found here and there wild c«?ange treeSi the fruit of which furliiihed our fcorbUti<: patients with a very wholefome foft of-Ierftoii'ade.
The natives told us, that the road-ftead where U 3 our
302 VOYAGE IN SEARCH '[l 793.
our veflels rode at anchor was infcfted by alliga- tors ; but this did not deter feveral of our failors from bathing in it. We afterwards found fome of the prints of their feet in the woods. It is particularly during the night-time that thefe animals are moft to be feared.
Whilft we lay at anchor we were vifited by feveral of the chiefs. The chief of Ravak fupped and flept on board the Efperance the night before our departure ; but as foon as he faw preparations for weighing anchor, he threw himfelf into the fea, from the apprehenfion that we- were going to carry him away with us. We fhould have been furprifed at his harbouring fuch a fufpicion, if we had not been informed, that five months before the Dutch had carried off his brother, dur- ing an entertainment which they had made for him on board of their veilel. This chief v*'ore trowfers, with a very wide Indian cloak, and a waiftcoat of fatin. His eaj-rings were of gold.
The inhabitants of this iiland had declared \var againft the Dutch, and the greater part of them, with the moft powerful of the chiefs, to whom they give the title of Sultan, at their head, were gone to unite with the inhabitants of Ceram, in order to attack the Goveffior of Amboyna, who w^as expelled there on his vifit to the Molucca Iflands. The inhabitants of the huts built ou the
coail
Aug.] of la perouse. ' 303
coaft near our anchoring ftation, had provided for the fate t J of their women and children, by con dueling them, before their departure from the iiland, into the villages in the heart of the coun- try. The road-llead where our vcffels lay is called by the natives Boni-Saine. It is diftant about 5,1 30 toifes to the eaftvvard of Ravak, and form-, ed by the coaft of Waygiou and a fmall ifland called by the natives Boni, which was eaftward of our ftation. We were here almoft under the Equator, our latitude being found by obfervation 38" S. Our longitude was 128° 5 3' E.
We took in our water towards the extremity of the road-ftead, at a pretty large river, into which our boats could enter more than 500 toifes from its mouth at low water, and twice as far at high water.
The thermometer, as obferved on board, did not rife higher than 24'-', undoubtedly in confe- qucnce of the abundant rains.
The barometer varied only from 28 inches 1 line to 28 inches 1| line.
The variation of the magnetic needle w^as i^ 14^ E.
The breezes were very flight, and varied only from S. S. E. to S. W.
On the 28th we failed from Waygiou, and U 4 ranged
304 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l703*
ranged along its northern coaft, {landing to the <weft, in order to weather the wefterly point. We here met with a flat which is not indicated upon the charts, where the foundings gave us a depth of from four to eight fathoms, within* a fpace of abou: 300 toifes in length, which we were obliged to crofs. We obferved in different places, rocks almofl even with the water's edge, but were fortunate enough to keep clear of them. The greateft length of this flat is about 1 ,000 toifes from north to fouth.
On the ^th of September we caft anchor in the road- {lead of Bcurou, at the diftance of l,00O toifes from the Dutch fettiement, in a depth of 20 fathoms, over a bottom of fand and mud. The Commander of this flation immediately fent a, corporal to us, to offer us a fupply of whatever frelh provifions we might have occafion for. A few minutes after we, obferved fome mufkets fired amojigft a herd of buffaloes that were w^alk- ing along the Ihore, and were informed that the Refident had ordered two of the fattefl to be killed for the ufe of our veffels. Well acquainted with the wants of navigators, he had fent us a great quantity of fruit, feveral bottles of an agreeable liquor extraded from the palm-tree, and fome of the young leaves of a fpecies of fern of the gemis
ajplenium,
Sept.] of la perouse. 305
afplenium, which grows in mo ill: places in t^i-^ fhade ; eaten as fallad they are very tender and well-tafted.
The Kefident, Henry Commans, was a man of great fimpHcity of manners, and very much beloved by the inhabitants. It was he whofe happinefs the Dutch of Amboyna defcribed, by telling us that he might ileep as much as he pleafed. We met with feveral perfons in his houfe who had feen Admiral Bougainville during his flay at Bourou, and who mentioned the name of that celebrated navigator with enthufiaftic ad- miration.
This and the following day were employed by me in furveying the t.ifFerent diftridls of this illand, which prelents every where a very varied and pidiurefque appearance. The fago tree grows here in great abundance : it forms the principal fource of fubilffcence to the inhabitants, and af- fords even an article of exportation. Large plan- tations of it were feen near the Dutch eftablifh- ment, in marllies which render this place very unhealthy, particularly in the beginning of the fpring. The cayou pouti of the Malays ffncJa- lenca laufol'ia), grows in great abundance upon the hills. The llefident fhowed us a large alem- bic, which he ufes for diftllling the leaves of this
tree.
3O0 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l79^.
tree, from which he procures every year a great quantity of the oil of cajeput.
The iiland of Bourou produces feveral kjnds of wood proper for inlaid work, which arc in great requeft among the Chinefe ; and others ufeful in dyeing. Two Chinefe vcffels were run aground in the mud to the N. E. of the Dutch fort. The village near which the fort is built is called Cayeli, in the Malay language. Thofe of the na- tives who follow the Mahometan religion have a mofque, whofe roofs diminifhing in regular gra-* dation as they .rife one above the other, prefent a very agreeable appearance. (See Plate XLII. which feprefents a part of this village.)
The coaft to the eaft of the village is watered only by very fmall ftreams, but about 2,500, toifes to the N. W. we went up a very confiderable river, called by the inhabitants Aer-Beflar, which difcharges itfelf into the road-ftead. This river is very deep, and for the length of about 2,ooo toifes, as far as we went up it, more than 70 feet broad. The ifland of Bourou undoubtedly owes its pofTeffmg fo confiderable a ftrcam to the great elevation of its mountains. On the borders of the river 1 frequently found the beautiful fhrub known by the name of portlandia grand'tfiora. The pebbles rolled from the mountains, which
I found
A.
Sept.] of la perouse, 307
I found on the banks of feveral rivulets, were fragments of rocks of quartz mixed with mica, and frequently of a fort of free fhone, w^hich like- wife confiftcd of quartzofe particles.
Birds, efpecially parrots, are fo numerous in this illand, that it probably derives from this cir- cumllance its name, which fignifies in the Ma- layan language, a bird.
The woods afforiifuch abundance of deer, goats and wild boars, that the natives can furnifh the Refident with as many as he has occalion for, at the rate of two mufket fhots fired at each. The fpecies of boar called babi-rouiTa fjiis babyntjjaj, is alio found here.
The natives fcemed to be much afraid of feve- ral kinds of fnakes, which they told us were very numerous in their ifland ; but during the whole .of our ftay in this place, which I fpent almoft en- tirely i,n rambling through the woods, I never met with one of thefe reptiles.
Although the rainy feafon had not yet fet in, violent llorms blew almofl every night from the high mountains.
Upon founding the bay, we difcovered at its entrance, a little on this fide of the eafl: point, called Point Rouba, a Ihelf of rocks, at a depth of not more than a fathom throughout an extent of ^bout 2,000 toifes ; but the rell of this fpacious
outle^
308 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [1/93.
outlet very deep, and that even at a fmall diftance from the M^eftern point, or Point LeiTatcUo, called by the natives Tangit'tou Corhau (Buffalo Point).
According to aftronomical obfervations made at the village of Cayeli, its latitude was 3° 21^ 54^' S. long. 125^^ 1' 0" E.
The dip of the magnetic needle wd.s 20" 30^.
Its variation, as obferved on board, was O" 54'' E.
The higeft point indicated by the thermometer on board was 23°/ and on fliore 25° 3-lOths.
The mercury in the barometer varied only from 28 inches 1 line to 28 inches 2 lines.
The time of high v/ater on the full and change days was three quarters after eleven ; it then rofe to fix feet perpendicular height.
On the i6th we failed from Bourou, fleering for the Strait of Bouton, which we entered on the afternoon of the 22d.
1 /th. On the following day, about fun-fet, we caft anchor 5 1 3 toifes from the coaft, oppofite to the outlet of the channel which feparates Pan- gefani from Celebes. Roifel, who, in confequence of Dauribeau's being indifpofed, had now the command of the expedition, formed the projed: of failing out through this channel. Early in the morning of the 24th, he difpatched a pinnace, which reconnoitred the channel to the extent of iOjGOO toifes. A great number of fmall iflands
were
Oct.] of la perouse. 309
were fcattered throughout the Strait, particularly towards the coaft of Celebes ; and both coafts were almoft every where bordered with marfhes. After this report many of our feamen thought there was reafon to apprehend that we might not be able to find a fufficient depth of water in every 'part of the channel for our veil'els to pafs through it ; however we failed into it on the following day, and, after having proceeded about 10,000 toifes eafi, anchored at the clofe of the evening.
20th. The following day another pinnace was fent out to found throughout the whole of this paiTage. She returned on the 29th in the after- noon, with the intelligence that flie had found a great number of fand-banks and fome flats, very difficult to be difcovercd on account of their black colour, which rendered the paffage ex- tremely dangerous. It was therefore determined to return to the Strait of Bouton ; and after hav- ing been obliged to caft anchor, often feveral times in the courfe of a fmgle day, we at length arrived, on the 7th October, at its fouthern ex- tremity, and anchored near the village of Bouton, at the diftance of 1,000 toifes from the neareft coaft.
We had fpent a confiderable fpace of time in paffing through this Strait, as we were obliged to. lie at anchor during the whole night time, and in
the
310 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l 7QS,
the day to wait till the tide was favourable to our intended courfe, before we could fet fail. ' During our pafTage the natives brought us va- rious forts of fruits common in the Moluccas. Some of their boats had a cargo of wild bread- fruit, the kernels of which, thofe who eat of them, found very indigeilible, even when roaft- ed. They brought usiikewife a great number of pullets, goats, dried and- fometimes frelh fifli. Moft of thefe natives would not exchange any of their commodities with us, before they had afked permiflion of the Commander of our vefTel, to whom they generally made a prefent. They informed us that a year ago they had feen four European vefTels failing through this Strait^ namely, tw^o from Ternate, the others from Banda and Amboyna. Thefe people trade w4th the Dutch. They preferred money to any other com- modity we offered them. Moft of them, how- ever, were very deiirous to procure pow^der and ball from us ; but when they found that we w^ouid not give them any, one of them offered us two llaves in exchange for a fmall quantity of ammunition, and appeared extremely furprifed that we did not accept of his propofal.
Thefe iflanders brought us a great number of parrots, of the {pccics ^Ilacus alexaiidri and ^l- lacus cr'tftatus.
We
Oct.] of la perous^. 311
We were much furprifed to fee them bring Ibme cotton fluffs, and thread made of the agave vhlpara, which, they told us, were of their own manufa<fture.
I made ufe of the opportunities afforded me by our detention in the Strait to go on fhore. I found a great number of plants which I had never met with before : among others, the uviform nutmeg tree: defcribed by Citizen Lamark ; Its- fruit has no aromatic quality. I likewife colie<5ted the cynometra ramiftora the gyr'inocarfms of Gasrt- ner, and various fpecics oi calamus ^ which, after railing themfelves to the fammit of the talleft trees, delcend again to the ground, from whence they climb up others trees of equal height, their" ftalks frequently growing to the length of feveral" hundred yards.
The fruit of the homhax ce'iha, and that of fe- veral new fpecies of the fame genus, affords abundant nouriiliment to the numerous troops of apes that are found here, fom.e of which we killed- in order to prefer ve their ikins.
The moift ground exhibited almoft every where marks of the feet of deer, wild boars, and buffa- loes. We frequently found numerous herds of the laft-mentioned animals lying upon^ the wet ground; but they ahvays betook themfelves to
Iheht
312 VOYAGE IN SEARCIf [l7Q$t
flight as foon as they faw us, and it was impoffible to purfue them through the mire.
In the iiland of Pangefani I frequently tra-^ verfed thick forefts of the palm, known by the name of corypha umhracuTifera, where I found fqui'rrels of the fpecies called fc'iuru^ palntarumi which always fled at the approach of a man. - The natives had ere6led feveral fheds near the fliore, where they kept the bamboo hurdles, upon which they place their fifli when they dry them at the fire in order to preferve them.
The iflanders, aware of the danger of living near the morafles, which render the northern coaft of Pangefani very unhealthy, have built no villages in that part of the country. It was in the .mid ft of thefe morafles that our crew became firft infected with a dyfentery of a vexy contagious nature,, which produced the greater ravages amongfl: us, as we were already much debilitated by the long ufe of bad provifions, which had be- come fl:ill more unwholefome during the courie of our voyage. I was alfo infe6led with this diforder which proved fatal to great numbers of our crew.
8th. This morning at fun-rife, four chiefs, who bore the title of Oran-kai, came on board to no- tify to us, that we were not permitted to land,
before
Oct.] of la perouse. 313
before the Sultana, who refided at Bouton, and was an ally of the Dutch Company, had been previoufly informed of our defign. We told them that we were very defirous of viewing this part of the ifland, and one of them went immediately to fignify our wifh to that petty fovereign.
We wevQ foon vifited by two Dutch foldiers, who offered to procure us an interview with the Sultan, affuring us that without his permiffion the natives durft not fell us any proviiions. They then conducted us to their own dwelling, where we were informed that the Sultan would not be vifible till very late in the afternoon. Upon this intelligence a confiderable number of us took an excurfion into the interior of the ifland, diredling our route to the eaftward. The natives did not appear furprifed at feeing us, and fhewed no in- clination to follow us.
After having walked for more than two hours along the banks of a fmall river, covered wrth a great number of boats, fome of v/hich had come from the flrait laden with fifh, we forded the ftream with a view of proceeding to the northward. We went up very fteep afcents, where I colle^ed a great number of plants; among others, the harleria prionitis, and fevera] new fpecies of the croton,
Moft of the habitations in this part of the
Vol. II. X country
314 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l7Q^*
country were built upon the fummits of delight- ful hills, with which this fide of the illand abounds. We met with a very friendly reception from the inhabitants, who prefented to us fruits of different kinds. One of them, who went to gather fome cocoa-nuts for us, climbed very qtiickly to the top of the tree, by means of an expedient which to me appeared fmgular. He tied his legs together near the ancle with a ftripe of cloth, by which he was enabled to grafp the trunk of the tree with his feet fo ftrongly as to fupport the whole weight of his body ; and, as the ilem was not very thick, by thus clafping it alternately with his feet and his arms, he very foon reached the top.
We remarked fome forts built on the moft in- acceffible heights amongft thefe hills, which ferve the inhabitants for a place of refuge when their habitations are invaded by an enemy. Thefe for- tifications confifi: of ftone walls of confiderable thicknefs, and about ten or twelve feet high, in- clofing a plot of ground from fixty to eighty feet fquare.
The natives who fold us ftufFs a few days be- fore, had not deceived us when they told us that they had been manufadlured in the iiland of Bou- ton. We faw to-day, in fcveral of the houfes, looms for manufaduring fimilar fluffs; the
workmen
Oct.] of la perouse. 315
workmen performing their operations in a man- ner very like our linen weavers. They ufe cotton threads of various colours ; but red and blue ap- pear to be the moft in requeft among the natives.
About four o'clock in the afternoon we went to the village of Bouton to fee the Sultan. We had not been informed that it was neceflary to bring fome prefents with us, in order to be admit- ted to an audience. As we had nothing to offer him, he was not to be fpoken with ; but his fon and nephew received us at the fort where he re- fides. They frequently repeated to us, with great emphafis, that the whole ifland was under his dominion ; that he was an ally of the Dutch Company, and that their enemies were his ene- mies. They then told us that the natives of Geram having lately invaded their'coaffs, four of them were taken and delivered up to the King, who immediately ordered them to be beheaded. They then deiired us to ftep a few paces further, and fliewed us, with an air of great fatisfadlion, the heads of thefe unfortunate illanders, expofed upon long poles planted on the walls of the fort.
The village of Bouton is built upon an emi- nence with a very fteep declivity to the north- weft, and furrounded with thick walls which le- cure the inhabitants from the incurfions of their
X 2 enemies.
3l6 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l793.
enemies. The houfes are built of bamboo, and their roofs covered with pahn-trefis, Hke thofe- of the other inhabitants of the Moluccas.
The Sultan refides in a fort built of ftone. It appeared to us that this chief fhews grqat diftruft of the agents of the Dutch Company, though they are his allies ; for the three Dutch foldiers^ who were the only inhabitants of the Company's houfe, were not permitted to live in the village where he refides. They were obliged to remain in an inconvenient, ifolated dwelling, more than 1 000 toifes diftant from his refidencc. They were foon to leave the iiland, and go to Macaffar ; but were ftill detained by the apprehenfion of meeting wdth the vellels of the natives of Ceram, which had been cruifmg for fome time in thefe feas.
It was already night when we returned to the fhore in order to go on board. As it was then low water, we were obliged to wade in the fea up to our waifls, though the greater part of us had laboured under the dyfentery for feveral days, which was very much aggravated in confequence.
During the day the natives had brought, for the ufe of our veiFels, rice, maize, fugar canes, pullets, eggs, ducks and goats. In exchange for thefe provifions they had been offered hardware commodities, but they preferred the money cur- rent
Oct.] of la perouse. 317
rent in the Moluccas, efpecially the fmall fil- vered coin which they call konpan per a, and which is brought over by the Dutch from Europe.
The time of high water in this bay at full and change days, is about one o'clock in the after-, noon, the tide riiing fix feet perpendicular height.
Our anchoring ftation was 5° 2"/ 8" S. lat. 120° 27' E. long.
On the Qth in the afternoon w^e weighed an- chor, and fleering under full fails to get out of the ftrait of Bouton, we foon reached the open fca.
On the ] 1 th we paffed the ftrait of Salayer. A great number of canoes and natives wxre feen upon the beach, others were failing towards Celebes.
We caft anchor feveral times along the coaft of Madura, and on the afternoon of the 1 Qth, in a bottom -of reddifh m.ud, at the depth of five fathoms, not far diftant from the north-weft point of the ifland, and at the entrance of the channel that leads to Sourabaya, one of the princlp^al eftablifliments of the Dutch in the ifland of Java. As we intended to come to anchor there, a pin- nace had been difpatched, about nine o'clock in the morning, to the village of Grifse, by the Efperance, to demand a pilot who could conduct us through the channel.
X 3 Five
318 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l793.
Five days elapfed without our receiving any news of our pinnace. We were apprehenfive that Ihe had fallen in with pirates ; and, on the 23d, another was fent out, upon the fuppofition that the former had not arrived at the place of her deftination ; for we could not have imagined that file had been detained by the Dutch, who were well acquainted with the purpofe of our expedi- tion : but on the 25 th, we received a letter from the officer who had the command of the pinnace, acquainting us that he was detained prifoner by the Dutch, who were then at war with France. Soon, howxver, a meflage was brought us from the Council of Sourabaya, informing us that in purfuance of the in{lru<5lions which they had juft received from Batavia, they were willing to af- ford us every affiftance in their power ; and on the 20th two pilots were fent us. We were obliged to cafl anchor feveral times before we could get into the roads of Sourabaya, where we call anchor on the 28th, about 1,000 toifes north- ward of the river that runs through the town ; the flag of the fort bearing S. 2° E. and the village of Grifse W. 30^ N.
The dyfentery had already carried off -fix of our crew fmce our departure from Bouton.
3 ifti, We foon obtained permifiion to refide in the town of Sourabaya, where I procured a lodg- ing
Nov.] OF LA PEROUSE. 31Q
ing in the houfe of MeiTrs. Bawer and Stagh, who received me with the greateft cordiaUty.
November loth. The council revoked the permiffion they had granted us, and all our com- pany were immediately obliged to return on board, with the exception of our invalids, to which number I belonged, the dyfentery having left mc in a ftate of extreme debility. Being now re- moved from the reft of my fcllow-fufferers in this contagious malady, I was very much relieved by the ufe of purgatives, fago, and fkimmed milk ; and in a fliort time completely recovered.
It was high time that this captivity Ihould have an end ; for the number of lick perfons on board increafed with alarming rapidity.' Almoft one half of the crew were attacked with dyfentery and contagious fevers, which did not abate of their violence till they had carried off feveral of our men. At length the Council again granted the permiffion which they had revoked a few days before, and we had the fatisfaclion of meeting again together in the town.
The heat was exceffive during- the firft days of our ftay at Sourabaya. I was aftonifhed to fee Reaumur's thermometer rife to 27^; but thefe burning heats vvxre but of fhort duration ; for the change of the monfoon, which took place about the beginning of November, caufcd for . X 4 a con-
320 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l793.
a confiderable time, efpecially in the afternoon, abundant falls of rain, which cooled the atmof- phere to fuch a degree, that the thermometer did not ftand higher than 22" or 23^, in the hot- teft part of the day.
As foon as my health was a little re-eftabliflied, I made frequent excurfions in the environs of the town, and as far into the country as my ftrength permitted me. I had the pleafure of feeing my colle<5lions of natural hiflory encreafe with a great number of fpecimens which I had never before met with.
Moil of the roads to a confiderable diflancc frorn Sourabaya are fhaded by hedges of bamboo. Others were inclofed between long avenues of mhnufops eleng't, gutllandlna morlnga, nauclea ori- ent alls, hyhifcus t'lliaceus, &c. the fliade of which produces a very falutary efFed: in this fervid cli- mate. 1 was much furprifed to fee the laft men- tioned tree fend out branches from the whole length of its trunk, as far down as the root ; dif- fering in this refped from all of the fame fpecies, that I had feen in other places, but I foon ob- ferved fome of the Javanefe employed in making inciiions very clofe to'each other in the bark of the trees with a largq knife, and was informed that this operation has been pra^lifed here from time immemorial for the purpofe of caufing young
fhoots
Pec] of la perouse. 321
flioots to fprout from the places cut in this man- ner. They always choofe the rainy feafon for per- forming this operation, as it fucceeds with moft certainty at that period. Vegetation is then fo rapid in this climate, that a very fhort time after the incifions had been made, I faw them filled with a vail number of young buds. The inha- bitants of this ifland are, however, in general, but little {killed in the agricultural arts.
On the 12th of December, thofe of us who w^ere engaged in the purfuit of natural hiflory, obtained permiffion from the Governor of Soura- baya to vifit the mountains of Prau, iituated at the diftance of about 30,000 toifes wefl-fouth- wefl of the town.
On the following day we fet out for the village of Poron, fituated near'the foot of the mountains. The Javanefe who carried our baggage, fufpended it to long poles of bamboo, each borne between the flioulders of two men.
Having proceeded about 20,000 toifes, we ar- rived at Sonde Kari, where we dined after the Ja- vanefe fafhion with the chief of the village, who had ordered a fumptuous repaft to be prepared for us. It confifted of feveral difhes of broiled fifh, and the flefh of buffaloes and horfes that had been preferved, as we were told, for fix months, by being cut into thin llices, and dried in the fun.
All
322 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l7Q3,
All the difhes were feafoned very highly with pep- per, pimento and ginger. Rice ferved ns in the place of bread, and the entertainment concluded with a plentiful defert of excellent fruit.
We foon fet forward on our journey, and were overtaken by a heavv rain, which put us to great inconvenience. A ferjeant of the Dutch troop gave us a proof of his authority over the Java- nefe, who returned to the village we had left, by- taking out of their hands the umbrellas which they had brought with them ; none of them dar- in2; to refift. We did not know what he intended to do with them, till he came up and offered them to us, faying, that he thought it very pre- sumptuous in thefe men to fhelter themfelves from the rain, while they faw us expofed to it; but to his great furprife, none of us would make ufe of the umbrellas, but delired him to return them to the owners. ^
At length we arrived at the village of Poron, where we were received by the chief, who bears the title of Deman. His principal office is to ap- portion to the natives their daily tafks of labour.
The country through which we had paffed is a v^ft plain, in which rice is principally cultivated. The plantations were already covered with fix or eight inches of water, retained by the earthen mounds with which they w^ere furrounded.
Before
Dec] of la perouse. 323
Before we arrived at Sonda Karl, we had ob- ferved large plantations of indigo. This article is principally cultivated in Java by the Chineie, who have a much more extenfive acquaintance with the arts than the natives. _
We faw likewife fevcral fields in which the rtchius commums was cultivated^, from the feeds of which the Javanefe extracfl a kind of lamp-oil.
This plam contains alfo a few plantations of maize, fugar canes, and the holcus forghum.
We ipent the night in a very neat houfc, built of bamboo, which ftood clofe by that of the De- man.
14th. On the following day we baited at the weft extremity of tiie fame village upon lands un- der thejurifdi(l;tion of the Tomogon of Bangui!, who, though he refided at the diftance of more than 7>500 toifes from thence, came eady in the morning to give orders to the inhabitants to pro- vide for our fafety, and furnifh us with whatever eatables we might want.
The Tomogon was a man of much good fenle, fpoke the Dutch language very well, and had a competent knowledge of the affairs of Europe. He was a Chinefe by birth, but had embraced the Mahometan religion in order to obtain the title of Tomogon.
We were extremely fatigued with the journey
we
324 VOYAGE IIS" SEARCH [17Q3.
we had made the preceding day upon the fmall horfes common in this iiland. Their very hard trot galled us the more, as the faddles we were obliged to make ufe of were not ftufFed, but con- fined of a very hard kind of wood, with a thick piece of fkin glued on for their only covering. Befidcs, the Javanefe ftirrups were too fhort for us, -and could not be lowered, which rendered our pofture extremely uneafy. We therefore went very little from our habitation during this day, but on the following (l5th), we pafled over a plain about 2,500 toifes in length, and for the greater part already covered with water, before we arrived at the mountains of Prau. The To- magon of Banguil came to this place dn horfe- back,' accompanied by upwards of a hundred at- tendants, very well mounted. We found him in the forefl, where he waited for us ; but, having probably very little idea of the fimpl^ mode in which naturalifls choofe to travel, he had made his men bring chairs with them for us to fit down upon at the top of one of the rhountains, from whence we had a view through the trees of a great extent of country, which he told us was all in his dependency ; and, to imprefs it the more ftrongly upon our minds, he immediately ordered the tops of feveral tek-trees to be ftruck off; but we faw with regret more than ahundred feet of
the
Dec] of la perouse.- 325
the trunks of thefe beautiful trees deftroyed and facrlficed to fuch a momentary gratification.
Peacocks were very common in thefe forefts
through which we rambled in every dire<5lion, and
we fhot feveral of them. Amongft other plants,
I collected feveral beautiful fpecies of uvar'my he-
Je^ieres and hauhhila.
The natives were employed in clearing a fine piece of ground at the foot of the eaftern moun- tains. The fmaller trees they cut down with axes ; the larger they only Gripped of their bark near the root, in order to make them decay.
In the afternoon a diftant found of thunder ulhered in a violent fall of rain, as is ufual at this feafon, w^bich compelled us to hafiien back to our habitation. The Tomagon, before he returned to Banguil, repeated the orders he had already given to the natives, to provide for our fafety and our wants.
On the following days we vifited the moun- tains of Panangounan, penetrating into the terri- tory of the Emperor of Solo through vafi: forefts of tek- trees, under the fhade of which^the paji- crathitn amhoine?i/e grew in abundance. Our guides often exprefied their fear of meeting with tigers, which, they told us, were very common in the thickets on the banks of the rivers, where they lie in wait for the animals that come to
drink.
326 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l7Q3-
drink. We, however, met with none of thefe beafts of prey.
The Javanefe who accompanied us were aI-» moft continually on horfeback, and did not dif* mount even in the moft inacceffibie parts of the foreft ; but whenever they faw the plant, called in their language ladiaPankru they immediately threw themfelves on their feet, and ran as faft as they were able to gather it, trying to outftrip each other. Their eagernefs raifmg our curiofity to know the caufe of their valuing this plant fo highly, we were informed that the knobs of its roots, dried and reduced to powder, were a power- ful aphrodiiiac. It appears that thefe auxiliary medicines are much efteemed amongft this peo- ple, as, indeed, they generally are amongft the in- habitants of hot climates. This paraiite plant is only to be foiind upon the trunks of large trees. It was not yet at its period of fru£lification ; however, it appeared to me to be a new fpecies of the pothos.
During thefe excurfions I killed feveral wild cocks, whofe plumage was diverfified with a va- riety of colours of admirable brilliancy. Their crowing, which we often heard in the midfl of the woods, led us at firft to imagine that we were in the vicinity of fome habitation, but we fbon learnt to diflinguifh their note perfectly well
from
Dec] of la perouse. 327
from that of the domeflic cock. The comb of the wild cock is not red, but of a whitifli colour, with a flight tinge of violet, which grows fome- what deeper towards the edges. The greater part of the fwamps in the neighbourhood of our dwell- ing were covered with very large leaves of the nymphea nelunibo, upon which we frequently ob- ferved a fpecies of bird fimilar to that called parra Jtnenjis ; and admired the lightnefs with which it walked over the furface of the w^ater, ftepping with its long legs from one leaf to the other.
At a fmall diflance weftward of the village of Porou, we faw two coloflal ftatues, called by the Javanefe reSiio, and in high veneration amongft them. They were both hewn out of blocks of ftone eleven feet high ; their drapery was very wide, and the phyfiognomy of the tw^o heads bore a Moorifh chara(5ler. To me . it appeared pro- bable that thcfe ftatues had been ereded in ho- nour of fome of the Moorifli conquerors of the Moluccas ; but the natives could give us no in- formation upon this head.
The Dutch fcrjeant who accompanied us was a paffionate admirer of the mufic of the Javanefe. Soon after our arrival at Porou, he fent for a fe- male fmger, whofe fhrill voice was accompanied by two muficians, who played every evening upon
inftruments, -
328 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l7Q3'
initruments, one of which refembled a dulci- mer, and the other a mandolin. Whilft we were employed in preparing and defcribing our collec- tions, we were obliged to hear, for feveral hours together, this difcordant mufic, which, however, had always charms fufficient to attract a great concourfe of the. natives round the performers.
All the airs W^re fung in the Javanefe lan- guage. They generally turned upon the fubjedl of love, as our ferjeant, who underftood the Ja- vanefe language perfe^ly well, interpreted them to us. He told us that thefe airs were jail im* fromptii as thofe fung by the fmging-women of Java generally are. Ours accompanied her voice with a variety of geftures appropriate to the fub- jecfl, and efpecially with certain movements of her fingers of very difficult execution, which were much applauded by the natives. If report does not do them injuftice, thefe iinging-wornen are not diftinguiilied by any extraordinary rigidity of virtue.
On the 20th we returned to Sourabaya.
Citizen Riche and I had formed a plan of Ipending fome time among the mountains of Paffervan, to which we had approached, very near during our laft excurfion. They are very high, and we had often heard their fertility much ipoken of. Grain is cultivated there with great
iuccefs.
Feb.] of la perouse. 320
fuccefs. Many European fruit-trees likewife fuc- ceed very well upon thofe heights, on account of the mild temperature of their atmoiphere. It Was neceflary for us to procure a new order from the Governor before wx could undertake this ex- pedition ; but Dauribeau, who had offered to re- queft it for us, brought us information that the Governor had Ihortly received new in{trud:ions from the Council at Batavia, according to which he could not permit us to go to any great diftance from the town ; a walk of three or four hours, being all that was allowed us. ' I went feveral times to fee a fpring fituated at the diftance of about 7,500 toifes to the weft ward. A great quantity of petroleum rifes to the furface of its water, and is carefully collected by the inhabi- tants, who mix it with pitch. Abundance of pumice-ftone is found in the furrounding country.
Citizen Riche and I lodged in the fame houfe^ We generally went out together to purfue our refearches, and returned in the evening to Sou- rabaya with the new fpecimens we had colledled. It was always with regret that we found our la- bours fufpended by the approach of night. But on the igth of February 1 794, about four o'clock in the morning, Chateauvieux, the commandant of the place, came with a troop of thirty foldicrs under arms, to inform us, in the name of Dauri-
VoL.IL y beau
^30 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l 794.
beau and the principal officers of our expedition, -jthat we were under arrefl. Shortly after we learnt that feveral others of our companions had Ihared the fame fate, without being able to di- vine the caufe of fo arbitrary an a6l of autho- rity ; but we were foon informed that intelligence which Dauribeau had received from Europe, had determined him to hoift the white flag, and put himfelf under the protection of the Dutch, who were then at war with France. He had un- doubtedly already then formed the projed;, which he afterwards carried into execution, of felling the veiTels of our expedition. To infure his fuc- cefs, it was neceflary for him to get rid of all thofe perfons under . him who he knew would ftrongly difapprove of fuch a meafure. We were therefore delivered into the hands of the Dutch as prifoners of war, to the number of feven, namely, Legrand, Laignel, Willaumez, Riche, Ventenat, Piron, and myfelf, and conduced to Samarang by a march of 200,000 toifes, over roads bad in the extreme, and in the rainy feafon. We- wefe obliged to ufe boats to crofs feveral large plains, inundated by the torrents defcending from the mountains fituated to the fouthward, and which form a part of the great chain which runs through the whole iiland of Java from eaft to weft. • »
Michel
March.] of la perouse. 331
Michel Sirot and Pierre Creno, fervants on board the Efperance, followed us in our profcrip- tion.
Dauribeau had robbed me of all my collections. When we left Sourabaya, I had intrufted to the care of Lahaie, the gardener, eleven bread-fruit trees, and an equal number of the roots and ftems of this valuable plant, kept in clay in per- fect prefervation, and fit to produce as many young trees. He promifed to take the beft care of them, and gave me a receipt for the depoiit.
The greater part of the crews were thrown into the prifons of the Tomagon of Sourabaya, from whence they were taken out fome time after, part to be fent into thofe of Batavia, and .part to remain with Dauribeau.
We left Sourabaya on the 24th of February.
This town is fituated in' 7° 14^ 28" fouth lat. 110° 35^ 43'' eaft long.
The variation of the magnetic needle was 2° 31^ 14'' weft, and the diftance 25°.
After a long courfe of fatigue we at length ar- rived at Samarang, on the morning of the ] ith March.
The, Commandant of the place immediately condud:ed us to Governor Ovcrllraaten. The Governor told us that the firft furgeon of the hofpital had got a lodging prepared for us, and
Y2 fent
332 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l7Q4.
fent us to take poiTeflion of it ; but what was our furprife, when, having been introduced to the furgeon, he led us into one of the wards of his hofpital, where he fhewed us feven beds, which he faid had juft been made ready for us. There was neither table nor chairs in this place. It was in vain that we reprefented to him that we were not fick, and did not wifh to become fo by living in an hofpital : his anfwer always was, that, according to the orders of his Excel- lency the Governor, he had no other lodging to offer us.
We were obliged at laft to appeal to the Go- vernor, and to make him fenfible, if poffible, of the harflmefs of fuch a mode of proceeding with refpe<5l to men, who, upon their return from a long and toilibme expedition, undertaken for the advancement of the arts and fciences, had a right to exped: a better reception from a civilized na- tion. It was not, however, till after parleying for feveral hours, that the order for our impri- ibnment in an hofpital was reverfed. We were now^ permitted to live in the centre of the town, and this was our prifon.
Some time after we obtained permiffion to go to the diftance of about 2,500 toifes from Sama- rang, but with the reftridion that we fhould not approach the fea-coaft.
During
March.] of la perouse. 333
During our march from Sourabaja to Sama- rang, I had been furprifed to obfervc in the market places of feveral villages, fhops where fmall flat fquares of a reddifti clay, called by the inhabitants tmia ampo, were expofed for fale. At firft I imagined that they might be employed for fulling cloths ; but I foon obferved the inhabitants chewing fmall quantities of this clay, and they affured me that this was all the ufe they made of it.
Whilft we were paffing through the extenfivc rice plantations at the foot of the mountains, the natives had frequently pointed out to us, fields of rice upon declivities too fteep to be able to retain the water. The rice cultivated in thefe places was of a fpecies, that does not require an inun- dated foil to fuccced perfectly well ; but they only cultivate it in the feafon when the land is daily drenched with copious rains.
I had already remarked upon feveral hills in the illand of Java, a great number of cocoa-trees which were ftripped of their leaves and dead at the root. It had appeared very lingular to me'^to find fo great a number within fo fmall a fpace ; but I was at length informed, by feveral of the inhabitants of the hills fituated at a little diftance north-weft of Samarang, where I faw many co- coa-trees in the fame condition, that they had
Y 3 been
334 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l794.
been ftruck by lightning, and they informed me that the fame circumftance frequently happens upon many other hills in the ifland. In facft, thefe high trees are particularly expofed by their fituation, to the terrible effecfls of the lightning ; befides, the fap, with which they abound, con- tributes in a great degree to attrad; the ele(ftric matter.
On the 5th of April, we were informed that a packet was fhortly to fail from Batavia for Eu- rope. The Governor of Samarang was willing that two of us fhould go to Batavia, to folicit permiffion of the Regency for themfelves to re- turn in this veiTel. As we were all animated by the fame defire of revisiting our native country, we agreed to cafh lots. The fortunate perfons were Citizens Riche and Legrand, and on the 0th of May they fet out for Batavia.
Twelve days after we received orders, from the Governor of Samarang, to go to the fame place, and there. to wait for another opportunity of re- turning to France, than that of the packet above mentioned ; for it was even very uncertain, whe- ther or not Riche and Legrand would find a place in it.
Some of the Dutch who were interefted about us, informed us that the fleet, upon which our hopes of returning to Europe depended, was not
to
May.] of la perouse. 555
to fet fail in lefs than fix or feven months, and theyalTured us, that before that period it wds not probable we fhoiild meet with any other oppor- tunity of returning to our native country. The dyfentery which I had (taught among the marfhes of Strait Bouton, made me apprelierif vc that a relapfe wotild be produced by thofe of Batavia,- tvhere the exhalations are ftill more noxious. Befides, the fituation of Batavia is fo pernicious
to Europeans, particularly during the firfl: year of
, jj. their abode there, that out of everv hundred fol-'
diers who arrive there from Europe, twenty- four generally die in the firft year, and thofe who become fomewhat accuftomed to the climate, fiiill remain in a languifliing ftate of health. Other Europeans who have all the conveniencies of life at their command, do not die in lb terri- fying a proportion : but from the fmall allowance tTiat was granted us as prifoners of war, we could not hope to be able to procure ourfelves any thing beyond the mere neceifaries of life.
Citizen Piron and myfelf obtained permiffion to delay our departure for Batavia till the Dutch fleet was juft about to fail. Our companions in misfortune, Laigncl, Ventenat, and Willaumez, fet off for that place; and as foon as they arrived there they were fent to Fort Tangaran* more' than 7,500 toifcs dillant from the town. Riche
Y 4 and
336 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l / Q4
and Legrand, inftead of procuring a paffage in the packet, which was immediately to fet fail, had been exiled to Fort Anke. However, about two months afterwards, they had the good for- tune to embark for Ifle de France, on board of a vefTel in which fome prifoners taken from our privateers were conveyed to that place.
Dauribeau, not fatisfied with having taken away my coUecElions, requefled of the Governor of Samarang, that the manufcript which con- tained the obfervations I had made during the voyage in fearch of Peroufe might likewife be taken from me. In vain I protefted againft this violation of the moft facred fpecies of property : Governor Overftraaten gave orders, on the 28th of July, that my efFeds, to which the feal had been applied a month before, fhould be fearchcd ; but fortunately my journal was not found.
Dauribeau fhortly after his arrival at Sama- rang, for the purpofe of treating with the Go- vernor concerning the fale of the veflels, died there on the 22d of Auguft.
As the time appointed or the failing of the Dutch fleet was at hand, Citizen Piron and my- felf fet out for Batavia on the 31 ft. On board of the veflel which conveyed us thither were feve- ral Javanefe, one of whom was in irons. His unfortunate wife fat befide him, having volun- tarily
May.] of la perouse. 337
tarily chofcn to follow him in his banifliment. We were penetrated with compaffion, when wc heard from the mouth of this unhappy man the occafion of his ruin. His name, he told us, was Piromongolo ; he was of the village of Calibon- gou, in the dependency of the Government of Sa- marang. He had paid 350 rix dollars to become a freeman of that place, but was fupplanted by another perfon, who offered a ftill larger fum for the fame privilege; and thofe who had received his money, inftead of returning it to him, thought iit to put him out of their way by banifhing him to Ceylon, where he was to be in the fame confine- ment with many others of the inhabitants of the Moluccas, who are facrificed by the Dutch to their revengeful difpofition, or pretended politi- cal interefls. Amongft the injuries that had been heaped upon him, he had been accufed, he faid, of being a Ibrccrer. Though he aflured us, with a great deal of fimplicity, that if he was one, he had never known any thing about it ; but at any rate he was fure that thofe who had robbed him of his three hundred and fifty dollars, were a much more dangerous kind of ibrcerers than he. The falary which the different Governors of the Ifland of Java receive from the Dutch Com- pany very moderate ; but then the abuies arc connived at, which refult from the very ample
indemni-
iS8 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l794.
indemnification, which the greater part make themfelves, by raiding contributions upon the na- tives to a much greater amount than what they have to deliver into the magazines of the Com- pany, the furplus of which they appropriate to their own profit.
The Chinefe are almoft the only perfons em- ployed here in the cultivation of fugar. They fcarcely make any other than fugar-candy, which they are not allowed to fell, except to the Gover- nor, whopurchafes it on the Company's account; but frequently he compels thefe unfortunate Chi- nefe to fell it him at half the price which he makes the Company pay for it, though even they buy it at a comparatively low rate.
The contributions w^hich the Governors re- ceive in fpecie, are likewife a great fource of profit to them, as they keep this money in their own hands, and pay the amount to the Company in paper. During my flay in Java, their emolu- ments in this way amounted to twenty per cent.
The nomination of the natives to different of- fices, is likewife a fource from whence the Go- vernors and Refidents derive great profits. ^
On the 2d of September we anchored in the roadflead of Batavia.
4th. After we had remanied two days on board, the Commandant of the roadflead condudled us
on
May.] of la perouse. 339
on fliore, and we were immediately conveyed to Fort Anke, diftant not more than about 2,500 toifes from the town. The fame chamber was allotted us, which our companions in misfortune, Riche and Legrand, had formerly occupied.
We were furrounded on ail fides by marfhes, which render this fituation very unhealthy : it is, however, much lefs fo than that of the town, where, at low water, the black mud collected in a great number of canals, is expofed to the heat of the fun, and exhales the moll peflilential ef- fluvia. The marllies of Anke, on the contrary, were covered with a variety of plants, fo clofe to each other, that they prefented the appearance of fine meadows in fall vegetation. A great num- ber of diiferent kinds of gralTes, rufhes, nelumbo, &c. grew forth from the bottom of the ftagnant water, and the interftices between thefe plants were covered with large quantities ot the pt'ijia Jlrattotes, which, floating on the furface of the water by means of the fmall air-bladders, with which its leaves are provided at their bafes, ab- forb a great quantity of the noxious vapours as fafl: as they are exhaled from the mud, and change them, with the aid of the folar rays, as vvc know, into refpirable air. ill is tranfmutation is atfecTted by the pt'tjia more than by any other plant ; for it is known by experiment to be fo powerful a
preventive
340 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l79^'
preventive of the decompofition of ftagnant v^a- ter, that if filhes b*e put into a fmall quantity of water, in w^hich they v^^ould otherwife perifh in the courfe of a few days they may be prefer ved alive for a long time, by covering its furface with thefe fmgular plants, every one of which occu- pies a fpace of about nine fquare inches.
Thefe raarflies are haunted by the enormous ferpent known by the name of boa cotiftriclor. One of thefe fnakes came regularly every five or fix days, and ftole one of the fowls from a hen- coop belonging to a publican in the neighbour- l¥Ood of Fort Anke, with whom we were allowed to take our meals. This publican was a very fe- vere mailer ; for, v/henever he mifl'ed one of his fowls he always taxed an old flave, who had the care of his hen-coop, with diflionefty ; and for every one that difappeared, he ordered fifty flrokes of a ratan to be infli(5led without mercy upon the unfortunate wretch ; but one day the thief having fwallowed a very large hen, found himfelf {o fluffed with his meal, that he could not get out of the coop by the hole through which he had entered ; and the ilave revenged himfelf for the chaftifement he had received by cutting the ani- mal in pieces. The fowl, v^hich was taken out of his ftomach, had been fwallowed down head- foremoft, and had as yet undergone no change in
its
May.] of la perouse. 341
its fubftance. This ferpcnt was but of a middling fize, being only twelve feet in length ; but a few days afterwards the natives killed one at a fmall diftance from this place, which meafured forty feet. It appeared that this animal did not ufe to prey upon fowls ; for they found in his ftomach a kid that weighed thirty pounds.
The river that runs at the foot of Fort Anke is frequented by alligators. One day I faw a very large one advance towards a company of boys who were fwimming in the river. He immedi- ately feized one of them and difappearcd under the water : neverthclefs, a few days after another company of boys came to bathe in the fame place.
During the lafl: months of our flay at Anke, four officers of the French privateer Le Modefte were confined in the fame fortrefs, and alleviated the tedioufnefs of our captivity by their company. They had been made prifoners of war on board of a Dutch vefTel, fhortly after they had made prize of her.
The Major of the place, who vlfited us yctj frequently, informed us of the death of Giradrin, purfer to the Recherche, who was difcovered to be a \voman, as we had fufpedled from the be- ginning of the voyage. An impulfe of curiofity feems to have been her principal motive for em- barking
342 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l7Q4.
barking in this expedition. She had left a very young child behind her in France.
The corvette lua. Nathalie, having Citizen Riche on board, had been difpatched from Ille de France to Batavia in order to demand our veflels from the Regency ; but, after fhe had ar- rived in the roads, Ihe was detained for five months under the cannon of two Dutch fhips of war, and ail that fhe could obtain was to fail back with thofe perfons belonging to our expedition who were in confinement, and fome other French prifoners of war.
At length, on the 29th of March 1 795, we fet fail for the Ifle de France. . It was high time for me to be releafed from my confinem.ent amongfi: the marflies of Fort Anke, as I had laboured already more than a month under a dyfentery, which was making a very rapid progrefs. But as foon as I was removed into a purer air, my malady diminifhed from day to day.
On the 18th of May we arrived at Me de France, I made frequent excurfions among the mountains, where I obferved a great variety of natural productions.
I had long been waiting for an opportunity of returning to my native country, when at length
General
May.] of la perouse. 343
General Malartic difpatched the Minerva to France, under the command of Citizen Laignel, one of my companions in misfortune. I embarked in this veffel, which failed from Ifle de France on the 20th of November. •
It is remarkable, that during a run of upwards of 600,000 toifes weft-north-weft, from 25° N. lat. and 31*^ W. long, we found the fea covered with a prodigious quantity oifuciis natwis, which indicate the exigence of fome very extenfive tanks upon which this fea-weed is produced. This is a fubjed; well worthy of the inveftigation of navigators.
On the 12th of March 1796, we caft anchor at the Ifle of Bar, from whence I foon returned to Paris.
Soon after I arrived in that city, I was inform- ed that my colledions of natural hiftory had been fent to England. The French Government immediately put in their claim for them, which, being fupported by Sir Jofeph Banks, Prefident of the Royal Society of London, with all the ex- ertions that were to have been expe<5ted from his known love for the fciences, I foon had the fa- tisfa^lion of finding myfelf again in poileiTion of the requifite materials, for making known to the world the natural produdlions which I had dif-
covered
344 VOYAGE IN SEARCH [l794.
covered in the different countries we had viiited daring the courfe of our expedition.
The bread-fruit plants which I left in the cuf- tody of the gardener Lahalc, were transported, with feveral others which he had cultivated, to Ifle de France ; from whence fome have been fent to Cayenne, and others to Paris, where they are depofited in the hot-houfes of the Botanical Gar- den.
APPENDIX.
APPENDIX.
VOCABULARY
OF THE
LANGUAGE OF THE MALAYS.
A.
ACCOMPANY (to) |
- Touroutfama |
Accuftom (to) |
- BialTa |
Adieu, farewel |
- Tabe |
Adultery |
- Gendach |
jEfchinomenegrandiflora |
- Malafui |
Age - |
- Houmour |
Agreeable |
- Soucagnia |
Air, wind |
- Anging |
Aloes |
- Lida boaya |
Allum |
- Tauouafs |
Ananas |
- Ananas, nanas |
Animal, quadruped |
- Binatan |
Anchor |
- Sao, baffi |
Anona miiricata |
- Anona |
Appetite |
Lapar |
Apply (to) |
- Taro |
Approach (to) |
- Decat |
After |
- Commedian, diblacan |
Areca |
- Pinang |
Army |
- BarifTan |
Aromatic |
Vannni bahe |
Arrack |
- Zopi |
Arrange (to) |
- Ator • |
Arrive (to) |
- Datan, poulan |
Vol. U. |
a |
2
APPENDIX.
AfTaffin
Attach (to)
Attention (to pay)
Any body
Alfo
Around
Another
Azederac (aielia)
AlTuredly
At
Already
At length
Above
Afterwards
Attempt (to)
Awake (to)
Awakened (to be)
Angry (to be)
Ant (an)
Adorn one's felf (to)
Amongft
Able (to be)
Almoft
Although
Anfwer (to)
Awake (to)
Alone
Ape (an)
As foon as
Always
All
Afterwards
- Bounou oran.
- Jcat
- Dgiaga
- Trada oran
- Itou lagui, lagui Bound re
Lain
Foula mourgati Fafti, fongou Sam a Souda, abis
- Lama lama Tingui, diyatas Commedent
- Tchouba-tchouba
- Kredgia bangon Sonda bangon
- Mara, gueguen
- Smouth Pake bagous
- Sama fama
- Bole Ampcr
- Mefki
- Megniaot Bangon
- Candiri Mougniet
- Kalo
Sela manguia
- Samougnia
- Lacafs
APPENDIX.
B.
Bee
Bark (to)
Buy (to)
Bring (to)
Brought to bed (to be)
Beloved
Bitter
Bow
Behind (from)
Bathe (to)
Before (from)
Blind
Before
Bathe (to go to)
Begone
Broom (a)
Bamboo
Bamboo (very young fhoots
of the) for pickling Banana Beard Below Bafella rubra Beat (to) Beak (bill) Betel
Bilimbi (averrhoa) Blue Box
Borafllis fiabellifoimis Brothel Buckles
Taoun madou
Gongonh
Bli
Kiary
Branan, clouaranac
Soudatchinta
Pait
Pana
Di blacan
Siram
Di mouca
Bouta
Dolo
Mandi, cloardiaet
Sourby
Sappou
Pring, bambou
Ribbon
Piifang
Coudek
Dibaoua
Gandula
Pocol
Molou
Siri
Blimbing
Birou
Peti
Lontor
Poporket
Kandging
a 2
APPENDIX.
Buckles (knee)
Boil (to)
Broth
Bowl
Buttons -
Brave
Bridle
Brick
Break (to)
Brufh (a)
Buffalo
Burn -one's felf (to)'
Brains
Bat (a)
Bell
Baiket
Body
Blow (a)
Believe (to)
Begin (to)
Bargain (a cheap)
Bura, die (to)
Breakfaft (to)
Behind
Beneath
Before
Back
Borrow (to)
Bev/itch (to)
Building (to be in).
Be (to)
Brittle
Brother
Bet, lav a wager (to)
Canibau
- Bdidi ^ Caldc
Kegue
- Kantging karn
- "Biani, oran brani:
- Kandali Batou Keddon
- Pitchia, pikiat
- Sicat, fica Coibau Bauar
- Outac Bouroii-ticoulTe
- Londgin
- Kranguian
- Badan
- Tampelin Cokira, perkia'ia,
- Molai
- Moura
- Mampoul Makan pagtii- Diblacan Dibaona
Di mouca -~ Blackagrtia
- Pegnieni Tauver Natchiam
- Ada
~ Lacas pitchia- Soudara.
- Pefaro
APPENDIX.
Boy
Bell (a little)
Broil (to)
Briftling
Bacon
Bed
Book
But - -
Beggar
Bite (to)
Blow one's nofe (to)
Born (to be)
Bird's neft
Black
Bird
Bufy (to be)
Bone
Bread fruit
Bread fruit (wild)
Bread
Butterfly
Bafket
Buffoon
Bet (to)
Butterfly (a fpecies of)
Bruife (to)
Boat (Indian)
Breaft (the)
Blackguard (a)
Bridge (a)
Behave well (to)
Bug
Breathe (to)
Break (to)
- Boudgian
-^ Loudgin kitkii
- Panghan, bakar
- Bagnia rambout
- Gommock babi
- Tambat tidor Boucou, quitape
- Tape
- Oran minta
- Guigui
- Bouan ignus Datandi donia Sarong bourou
- Itan
- Bourou
- Fontouli
- Toulan
- Boa fuccou
- Boa timbol
- Roti
Koupou, kopokopa
- Tampat Caflan
- Betaro Koupou malani
- Toumbok
- Prau
- Dada Oran adiar
- Djanbatan
- Ada bai
- Coutou tampat tidor
- Napas
- Pata
^3 .
APPENDIX.
BelcTi (to) |
- |
Ato |
Beehive (a) - |
- |
Romataoun |
Bleed (to) |
- |
Sangara |
Blood |
- |
Dara |
Boar (a wild) |
- |
Tcheleng |
Bofom (the) |
- |
Soufou, tetc |
Blow (to) |
- |
Tihope |
Box (to) |
f |
Cambeling |
Beneath |
'" |
Baoua |
Barren |
- |
Trada patana |
Bark, for tanning |
- |
Cayou bounko |
By and by |
- |
Sabentar |
Bull |
- |
Lombou |
Betray (to) |
- |
Camblanghan |
Barter (to) - . |
- |
Toukar fama |
Blow (to) |
- |
Anguin |
Belly |
- |
Prot |
Bladder (the) |
- |
Tampat kinkin |
c. |
||
CoUea (to) |
- |
Pungot |
Call (to) |
- |
Panguil |
Clay |
- |
Lambac |
Certainly |
- |
Sacali |
Confefs (to) |
- |
Menauo |
Chatterer |
- |
Bagna tcherita |
Corn, wheat |
- |
Bras blanda, gandoum |
■Cable |
- |
Tali fao |
Chaife (a) |
- |
Creta fiafs |
CofFee - - |
~ |
Coffi |
Calamus aromaticus |
- |
Dringho |
Cinnamon '• |
■- |
Cayou manis |
Cannon |
- |
Marian |
Cardamum (the little) |
- |
Gardamoungo |
APPENDIX.
"Carefs (to)
Chariot (>)
Cards, for playing
Cafuarina
Cinders, afhes
Circle
Chair !a.) -'
Chalcas camuniing
Candle, light (a)
Change, exchange (to)
Coal
Chinefe
Choofe (to)
Coco
Coition
Cucumber
Contrary (on the)
Cord, rope
Corypha umbraculifera
Cotton
Colour
Cut
Crooked
Culhion
Cover (a)
Chalk
Cry out (toj - .
Cook (to) - , -r
Copper - -
Cynometra cauliflora
Chagrin - =^-
Cat
Caftrate (to)
Comprehend (to) -
Gonb
Greta toutoup Cartou
Cayou famara Abou Bonder Croffi Kamouni Lilen Toucar Arenh Orankina Pili, tchioba Kalapa, klapa Tiouki Timon Lain Tali Saribou Benan Roupa
Poton, tadgiani Bcnko Bantal Combar Kappor blanda Batreia MalTac Toinbaga Nam nam Saketati
Koutchi£:n, toulTa Kabiri
Tau, menart! a4 . '
8
APPENDIX.
Count, reckon (to)
Conduft fto)
Contrary wind
Cover, enclofe (to)
Crufh to pieces (to)
Cup
Church
Catch cold (to)
Carelefs
Call for (to)
Cunning
Cold
Cheefe
Clove tree
Clutches (fignifying hands]
Cricket (a fpecies of) Climb (to)
Coarfe
Clock (a)
Conflagration
Cheek (a)
Cowardice
Chin
Coin, value 2|d.
Cloud (a)
Comb (a)
Comb one's head (to)
Coward
Carry (to)
Chicken
Crawl (to)
Chafing difh
Come back (to) ^
Cold (a) rheum
- Iton
- Baoua
- Tchenela Toutoup
- Toumbo
- Manco
- Gredgia
- Pilic
- Sarfar, guila
- Sourou panguil
- Pinter
- Dinguin, dignin
- Kediou
- Kenke Tangan
- Yankrek
- Naik
- Kaflar
- Lontchin
- Beflar api
- Pipi Leffou
~ Djiangot
- Koupan pera, ouan barou
- Mega
- CiO'er
- Ciflfer rambout
- Trada brani
- Picol
- Ayammouda
- Dgialan caia oular
- Kren
- Balai, combali datan
- Patoc
APPENDIX.
9
Cuttle f](h
Compadl
Century
Cup
Corkfcrew
Cork (to draw a)
Cloth
Cough (to)
Cough (a)
Cow (a)
Come (to)
Drink (to)
Dirt
Dear, high priced
Dog
Dance (to)
Difccver (to)
Defend 'to)
Defcend (to)
Debt
Diamond
Diarrhea
Difficult
Diligent
Dine (to)
Dolichos luberofus
Domeftic
Demand (to)
Debauch (to)
Dried up
Do (to)
Do that
- lean pougniabatou
- Jcat crafs
- Serafus ta un
- Tchanger Poutar, ouler
- Tchiabou
- Cagui
- Batou
- Batou
- Sampi paranpouan
- Datan, mari, poulan
D.
- Minum
- Lumpor, cotor
- Mahal Andgin
- Tandac
- Bouca La ran
- Touron
- Outan Inten
Saket bouanaer SoulTa
- Naguin
- Comp, makan ftin^a art Bongouan
Oupas, boudac
- Minta, tagni§
- Ambel praoen loller
- , Krain, kring
- Kredgta
- Kredgia itou
10
APPENDIX.
Ditch (a) |
- |
Eentin |
Drop ^a) |
- |
Teres |
Drefs (to) |
- |
Packian, pake |
Drefs |
- |
Packian |
Difhoneft |
- |
leng tracafli ormat |
Damp |
- |
BalTa |
Drunk |
- |
Mabou |
Day |
All, paguiara |
|
Daylight (it is) |
- |
Souda fiam |
Day (every) |
- |
Sari ari |
Dull |
- |
Brat |
Death |
- |
Mati |
Die (to) |
- |
Mati |
Dumb |
- |
Tra biffa cata |
Deny (to) |
- |
Trada menauo |
Dare (to) |
- |
Brani |
Depart (to) |
- |
Pigui |
Depart |
- |
Souibay |
Dream (to) |
- |
Mnimpi |
Dollar (a) |
- |
Real compani |
Dew- |
- |
Oumboung |
Dry ' - |
- |
Souda cring |
Dry (to) |
- |
Cring |
Dream |
- |
Menimbi |
Deaf |
- |
Oran touli |
Darknefs |
- |
Glap, glap |
Deceive (to) |
- |
Kamblau |
Drefs (to) |
E |
Pake |
Expert |
- |
Biffa |
Elfewhcre |
- |
Lain, di lain tampat |
Eafily, with eafe |
- |
Ganpan |
Engaged with (to be) : |
. - |
Oudgiou |
APPENDIX.
11
Enough |
- |
Souda |
Ear- picker |
- |
Gorep copeng |
Eb'^ny |
- |
ayouaram |
Equal |
Sama-fama |
|
Elephant |
- |
Gadia |
Etnperor |
Sulfunan |
|
Enemy |
- |
Mouffo |
Entry |
- |
MafToc |
Enter (to) |
- |
Mairocdi dalam |
Envciopc (to) |
- |
Bonkou |
Epidendum |
- |
Angrec |
Eaft |
- |
Veran |
Eternity |
- |
Porflaraagnia |
Examine (to) |
- |
Tagnia |
Excrement |
- |
TaV |
Excufe |
- |
Cafli ampon |
Efteera (to) |
- |
Eagnia tchinta |
Eafy |
- |
Trada folifla |
End |
- |
Abis |
Eat (to) |
- |
Makan |
Eye |
- |
Mata |
Egg |
- |
Talor |
Ear |
- |
Kopeng, koplne |
Eyelid |
- |
Ourat |
Ear-rings |
- |
Crabou |
Efcape (to) |
- |
Lari |
Evening |
- |
Sori |
Eyebrow |
- |
HaliiTe |
Execute (to) |
- |
Oucoum |
Earth |
- |
Tana |
Earth (the) |
- |
Interrodonia |
Empty |
- |
Coifou |
Empty water out of a boat |
||
(inftrument to) |
- |
Timba |
Eyes |
- |
Mata |
i-2
APPENDIX.
Fine (a)
Friend
Friend (female]
Fathoni (a)
Flefh
Fight (to)
Finger
Flay (to)
Frighten (to)
Filled up
Fly (to)
Faggot
Fault
Falfe (it is)
Falfehood
Female, woman
Feftival
Fire Fever
Figure
Fifhing-line
Flame
Flower
Fountain ,
Fool.
Forehead
Fruit
Flour
Flagellaria judica
Flower (to)
Frefti
Flog (to) -
F.
• Denda
Sobat
Sobat paranpouan
Sato deppa
Daguin
Bacalaye
Gredgy, yari
Clouar kbulet
Caguet
Penou
Lari, ilan
Bon koulian Sala
Djol^fia
Djoufta
Paranpouan
Ari beffar
Api
Deman
Mouka
Dgiolon
Mniala
Comban, bounga
Summur
Bodo, oran guila, guendan
Alis
Boua-boua ,
Debon
Rotan outan
Comban
Dinguin
Pocol
APPENDIX.
la
Flee (to) |
- |
Lari, bourou |
Fufil |
- |
Pedel, fuapan |
Fat (fubft.) |
- |
Gommock |
Fat (adj.) |
- |
Gomraok |
Frog |
- |
Codoc |
Fortunate |
- |
Slamat, beronton |
Fifh-hook |
- |
Pantchien |
Formerly |
- |
Dolo |
Farthing (a) |
- |
■ Keppen |
Free |
- |
Merdica |
Far |
- |
Dgiau |
Fly (a) |
- |
Lalar |
Forget (to) |
- |
Loupa |
Fifli (to) |
_- |
Ambel ican |
Father |
Papa |
|
Fear |
- |
Caguet, tacot |
Foot |
- |
Kaki |
Flat |
- |
Samarata |
Full |
- |
Penan |
Fold a napkin (to) |
- |
Lipa ferbetta |
Feather (a) |
- |
Penant, boiilou, boulongouia |
Frying' pan |
-- |
Ouadjan |
Fifli |
- |
Ican |
Firft |
Lebi daulon |
|
Flea (a) |
- |
Coutou andgin |
Fetch (to) |
- |
Kredgia bait |
Fillfto) |
- |
Kredgia penou |
Field of rice (a) |
. - |
Sava |
Filthinefs |
- |
Cotor |
Foolifh |
- - |
Guila, bodo |
Follow (to) |
- |
Tchinda, tourout |
Fall (to) |
- |
Guiatou |
Flock (a) |
- |
Bagnia binatan. fama fama |
Find (to) - |
- |
Dapat |
14
APPENDIX.
Friday |
- - |
- |
Ari diemat |
Food |
_ |
- |
Djguin |
Face (the) |
- |
- |
Mouka |
Fly (to) |
- , |
- |
Minkiourri |
G. |
|||
Grieve fto) |
- |
- |
Saqnetati |
Garlic |
- |
- |
Baouan pouti |
Go (to) |
- |
Dialan, pigui |
|
Good |
- |
- |
Bahe, tailloi), etiac |
Gourd (a) |
- |
- |
Labau p-'.ndang |
Goat |
- |
-_ |
Cambing |
God |
- |
- |
Touanala, toueran alle |
Give (to) |
- |
- |
CafTi ■ |
Gain (to) |
- |
- |
Onton |
Gay |
- |
- |
Enac ati |
Gallop (to) |
- |
- |
Dialan tell |
Guard (to mount) |
- |
Djaga |
|
Guard (tp) |
- |
- |
Simpan |
Generous |
- |
- |
Pa fa ran |
Gefture |
- |
- |
Tinkagnia |
Glutton |
- |
- |
Bagnia makan |
Goave |
- |
- |
Goryave |
Great |
- |
- |
BeflTar, tingui |
Gratis |
- |
- |
Trabole trima, perkioums |
Grimace |
- ' - ■ |
- |
Tinka |
Guide |
- |
- |
Toniou dialan |
Genteel |
- |
- |
Halus |
Gold lace |
- |
- |
Pafmin |
Green turf |
- |
- |
Ron m pot |
Gums (the) |
.- |
- |
Icanguigui |
Gipfum |
- |
- |
Taufou |
Gouramier |
(a fifh thus |
||
named ) |
- |
- |
lean gourami |
APPENDIX.
15
Growl (to) |
- |
Marat |
Grafs |
- |
Roumpot |
Garden |
- |
Kabon |
Greens |
- |
Sayor |
Grind (to) |
- |
Tumbok, toumbo |
Gall-nut |
- |
Madia cane |
Gold |
- |
Mafs |
Gate (a) |
*- |
Pintou |
Gunpowder |
- |
Obat pafTan |
Gather (to) - • |
- |
Ambel |
Gird (to) |
- |
Icatcras tali prot |
Grafshopper |
- |
Balang |
Green |
- |
Idgiau, ougou |
Glafs |
- |
Kermine |
H. |
||
Have (I) |
^ |
Ako ad a |
Hunchbacked |
- |
Pounco |
Heat |
- |
Panas |
Hot |
- |
, Panas |
Hunting (to go a) |
Pigui palFan |
|
Heat (to) |
- |
Maifac |
Horfe |
- |
Kouda |
Hair |
- |
Rambout |
Hat - |
- |
Top pi |
Flardwareman |
- |
Toucanclinton |
Heart |
- |
Yanton |
How much |
- |
Barapa |
How- |
- |
Saya |
Horn |
- |
Tandou |
Hog |
- |
Babi |
Hook (a) |
- |
Tiantolan |
Half |
- |
Stinga |
Hard |
- |
Cras |
i6
APPENDIX,
Hear (to) |
- |
Dingher |
Hell |
- |
Nourakka |
Hufband |
- |
Penanten laks |
Hope |
- |
Kira |
Hungry (to be) |
- |
Lappar |
Hole (a) |
- |
Potoia |
Hatchet (a) |
- |
Camba |
Hafli (to) |
- |
Kinkian |
Hate (to) |
- |
Benki, mara? / |
Harem |
- |
Seller |
High |
Tingui |
|
Helideres ifora |
- |
Boa radja |
Hernandia ovigera |
- |
Cayou radjs |
Hour's walk (an) |
- |
Sato djaum |
Hour (an) |
- |
Pocol |
Hibifcus tiliaceus |
- |
Ouarou |
Hiftory |
- |
Kirita |
Honed |
- |
Caffi ormat |
Honour |
- |
Ormat |
Howl (to) |
- |
Boubouni |
Here |
- |
Di fmi |
Hire a coach (to) |
- |
Sewan^creta |
He |
- |
Dia |
Hand |
- |
Tangan, gueare |
Houfe |
- |
Rouma |
Hammer (a) |
- |
Pocol befli |
Honey |
- |
Madou |
Handkerchief |
- |
Sapo tangan, linfo |
Hang (to) |
- |
Ganton |
HairdreiTer |
- |
Toucanciffer |
Heavy |
- |
Brat |
Hair |
- |
Boulou |
Hen (a) |
'- |
Ayam |
However |
- |
Moufti |
-i
APPENDIX.
17
Horferadiih |
- |
Loba |
Health - - . |
- |
Slamat |
His |
- |
Pougnia |
Hold (to) |
- |
Pegandi tangan |
Head |
- |
Capala ^ |
Hole |
- |
Louka, loban |
Hole (to make a) |
- |
Kredgia loban |
Here |
- |
Ada |
Ifinglafs |
I |
Andiour |
Immediately |
- |
Secaran |
In, within |
-. |
Diadalm |
Itch (to) |
- |
Krechia, main main |
Inkftand |
- |
Tampat toulifs |
Ink - - • |
- |
Tinta |
Infant, male or female |
- |
Anak |
Intoxicate (to) |
- |
Mabou |
Inter (to) |
. |
Tanam |
Intirely |
- |
Bafti |
Iron |
- |
Beffi |
Itch (the) |
- |
Garo , |
Inhabit (to) |
- |
Tingal |
Inherit (to) |
- |
Depat poflaca |
Idea |
- |
Pekiran |
Ignorant |
- |
Bodock |
Ifland |
- |
Poulou |
Imitate (to) |
- |
Tourotan |
Immoveable |
- |
Trada goian |
Impatient |
- |
Tranata |
Impertinent |
- |
Brani |
Impodible |
- |
Traboule |
Impotent |
- |
Tra bole kredgia apapa |
Inconvenient |
- |
Soufifo ' \ |
l^
APPENDIX.
Innmodeft
Indigo
Infamous
Infeded
Injury
Innocent
Inundation
Inundate (to)
Infers
Infipid
Inftrutl (to)
Invent (to)
Irritate (to)
III
Iron clothes, (to)
If
In cojifequence of
Ivory
Jealous
Join (to)
Joined together
Jew
Juft ^ -
Jaw (the)
Kifs (to) Kifs my a — c Key
Know (to) Knife Kitchen Knees KFiock (to)
- Trada malou >' Nila
- Trada raalougna
- Bouflfouc bagnia
- Maki
- Trada fala
- Banguir
- Banguir
- Taoun, mahemahc
- Tra enack
- Adiar
- Dapat
- Kredgia mala
- lahat
- Streka
- Kalo
- Saya
- Toulan gadia
- Getrtbourouan
- Kredgia fama fama
- Diadi
- Chemaos
- Betol
- Daguin guigui
K.
- Cadi tioum, tioum
- Guilapantat
- Kounki
- Kenaille
- Piflbu
- Dapor
- Loutou
- Tendi fs
APPENDIX.
19
King |
- Sultan, radja |
Kingdom |
- Rami |
Kicking |
- Seppa |
Know (to) |
- Larac |
Knit (to) |
- Mindgeail caufs |
Kill (to) |
- Touflbu |
i |
L. |
Lean on one's elbow (to) |
- Soungouan |
Love (to) |
- T chinta, fouca |
Love |
- Tchinta |
Lean, reft upon (to) |
- Taro tyaga |
Leafe (a) |
- Bea |
Leafe (to let on) |
- Malas, anghop |
Lame |
- Pintchan |
Lime |
- Kappor |
Limeftone |
- Batou kapper |
Lemon |
- Dierro aflam |
Lie down (to) |
- Tidoran |
Like that |
- Beguitou, beguini |
Lightning |
- Biglap |
Light (to) - . |
- Tran |
Leaf (a) |
- Daun, blaye |
Liver (the) |
- Ati |
Left (the) |
- Kiri |
Leg . .. |
- Coeto |
Labour (to) |
- Patchiol |
Lake |
- Aer beflar |
Leave (to) |
- Lapafs |
Large |
- Lebar |
Light |
- Trada brat |
Letter (a) |
- Sourat |
Lip |
- Biber |
b2 |
20
APPENDIX.
Lizard
Libertine
Limonia trifoliata
Linen
Lion
Long
Light
Lick (to)
Let for hire (to)
Lye (to tell a)
Looking-glafs
Lefs
Lofe ^to)
Lofe at play (to)
Little
Little (a)
Lead
Lay eggs (to)
Loufe (a)
Lungs (the)
Lend (to)
Line (a)
Liquorice
Loins (the)
Lift up (to)
Laugh (to)
Leech (a)
Learned
Leap (to)
Lord
Like
Lock (a)
Lockfmith
- Kikia
- Brani fama paran pouan
- Mekantkil ou dierre kilkil
- Baran
- Singo '
- Paguian
- Tran, fiam
- Quilet
- Tero
- Djoufta
- Katchia, kiarmine
- Kouran
- Ilan
- Kala
- Kitkil, penkek Sidiquet
- Tima itaa Betalor
- Coutou
- Parou
- Piundjoun, pignlan
- lean pare
- Cayou manis blanda
- Blacan ■- Ancat
- Tetaoua
- Lynta
- Oran pinder
- Bloundgiat, blumpat
- Touan beffar
- Sama roupa
- Ma coundgy
- Toucan coundgy
APPENDIX.
21
Lukewarm |
- |
^ Sangat |
|
Life |
- |
- |
Idop |
Live (to) |
- |
- |
Idop |
M. |
|||
Money |
• - |
- |
Ouan |
Magnificent |
- |
- |
Bagous |
Much |
- |
- |
Segala, bagnia-talalo |
Mouth |
- |
- |
Monlot, moulou |
Mallard (a) |
- |
Bebe |
|
Mufhroom |
- |
- |
Diamour |
Marry (to) |
- |
- |
Caven |
Muft (it) |
- |
- |
Mifti |
Man (a) |
- |
- |
Oran, ourang, lakilaki |
Mongrel Indi |
ian |
- |
Leplap |
Milk |
- |
- |
Aer rouffou |
Monday |
- |
- |
Ari finen |
Moon (the) |
- |
- |
Boulan |
Mace |
- |
- |
Combang pala |
Mafon (a) |
- |
- |
Toucan baton |
Madam |
- |
- |
Gnien, Gnognia |
Mifs |
- |
- |
Ana dara |
Mafter |
- |
- |
Ton an |
Malay |
- |
- |
Malayo tabale |
Male- |
- |
- |
Laki laki |
Ma ngou dan |
- |
- |
Mangouftan |
Merchant |
- |
- |
Orandjoual merdika |
Mix (to) |
- |
- |
Chiamper |
Member |
- |
- |
Badan |
Mercury, quickfilver |
- |
Aer pera |
|
Mother |
- |
- |
Mai, ma, mama |
Meflenger |
~ |
- |
Kirriman |
Meafure (to) |
• |
. |
Oukor |
Metal |
- |
- |
Tambaga b3 |
22
APPENDIX.
Michelia champaca
My
Middle
Miracle
Mifery
Manner
Me - -
Month
Moment
Monoculus polyphemus
Mountain
Mount (to)
Mock (to)
Morinda citrifolia
Muftard
Mufcle
Mufic
Meagre
Misfortune
Malicious
Manage (to)
Mark (a)
Mattrefs (a)
Marrow
Mould
Mortar for rice (a wooden)
Mulatto
Mat (a)
Marriage
Marriageable
More
Maidenhead
Mend (to)
Move (to)
- Cananghan
- Pougnia
- Ditingan
- Eran
- Kaflieu
- Patout
- Goa, ako, beta
- Boulan
- Sabantar
- Mimi
- Gounon
- Naik
- Kredgia malo
- Bancoudon
- Savi
- Ourat
- Mainan
- Kourous
- Kielaka
- Trada bahe
- Pegan
- Tan da
- Combefs
- Gommok pougnia toulain
- BoufTouc
- Loumpan
- Groubiak
- Ticker
- Kaven
- Souda biraie
- Lebi
- Praocn
- Kredgia betol
- Goi'an
- |
APPENDIX. i |
|
Midwife |
- |
Paranpouan brana |
Moufe (a) |
- |
Ticoufle peti |
Milk (to) |
- |
Deppo |
Miftaken (to be) |
- |
Souda fala, trada betol |
N. |
||
Needle |
- |
Dgiarum |
Nofegay |
- |
Comban |
Noife |
- |
Glouadagan |
Neck |
- |
Leber |
Never |
- |
Pougnia homour |
Now |
- |
Secaran |
Notwithftanding |
- |
Mafqui |
Net (a) |
* |
Sombou |
Noon |
- |
Doua plas pocol, ftinga ari |
Nails |
- |
Pakou |
Nutmeg, long |
- |
Pala laki laki |
r>^mrv%t^n |
Pala laHrnn |
|
Nauclea orientalis |
. |
Bancal |
Neceflfary (it is) |
- |
Mifki kredgia |
(it is not) |
- |
TraoufiTa |
Negligent |
- |
Malafs |
Neglea (to) |
- |
Loupa |
Nofe |
- |
I don |
Niecd |
- |
Tchiou tchiou |
Name (to) |
- |
Panguil, pouranama |
Not |
- |
Boucan, trada tida |
Nourifti (to) |
- |
Cafli makan |
News |
- |
Kerita |
Nut |
- |
Btgui |
Naked |
- |
Tlangnian |
Ki ight |
- |
Malam |
Navigate (to) |
- |
Blayer |
Nail (of the fingers) |
- |
Koukou |
23
b4
24
APPENDIX.
Near this place
Nine-pins
Nothing
North
Neighbouring
Ox (an)
One-eyed
Of, of the
Once
Oil
Oyfter
Odd (not even)
Obey (to)
Obliged (much)
Obfcure
Obtain
Odor
Officer
Offer (to)
Onion
Opium
Orange
Ordinary
Order (to)
Ornament
Or
Open (to)
Oxalis
Overthrow (to)
Only
Often
Old man
- Dec at fmi
- Ana kegue
- Trada
- Nalor
- Decat
O.
- Sampi
- Bouta fato
- Di, deri
- Sakali
- Miniac
- Tiram
- Benko
- Dinguer
- Tremacafll
- Kouran tran
- Dapat
" V Vangni, bau
- Alferus
- Mao cafli
- Baouan, baouan mera -, Amphion, madat
- Djerro manis, guiroh
- Slamagna
- Souro -, Beda
- Ke ,
- Bouca
- Galing galing tana
- Thutan
- Kiouma
- Bagni kali
- Oran toua
APPENDIX.
!2S
Old Woman
Old
Oppofite
Paffion (to be in a)
Pickles
Preferve (to)
Prawn
Parte
Poifon (to)
Pregnant woman
Pierce (to)
Pin (a)
Pewter
Paint
Pofteriors (the)
Pride
Pomegranate
Play
Play (to)
at cards
Place (a) Paps
Phyfician Phyfic Put (to) ' Piece (a) Plane (a) a joiner's tool Proud Pair (a) Pair of fhoes Peace Pale, wan
- Meme toua
- Toua
- Dimouka, decat
P.
- Mara
- Manifang
- Simpan
- Oudan di laot Kantging
- Radgiun
- Bonting
- Tindifs
- Fenitti
- Tima
- Borrei
- Pantat
- Pfarati
- Delima
- Meinan
- Mim, main
- Main carton
- Tampat Soufou
- Toucanobat, miflris baflar
- Oba-t
- Terro, taro
- Saparo
- Konting lelen
- Beffarun
- PafTan
- Sato palTan fapadou
- Abis pram
- Poutchiac
25
APPENDIX.
Peacock
Pardon
Part (fome)
Partake (toj
Pace
Pafs (to)
Paved with brick
Poor
Pay (to)
Peafant - ■
Pierce (to)
Pearl
Permiffion
Perroquet Perfuade (to)
People
Perhaps
Piaftre
Pigeon
Pimento
Pimento and onions (a mix- ture of)
Pinch (to)
Pipe (for fmoking)
Plain (a)
Pleafe (to)
Pleafure
Plank
Plant (a) -
Plunge (to)
Poignard
Poinciania pulcherima
Pepper
Poner (a)
Boorou merac
Ampon
Di mana, mana
Bagui-bagui
Petcha
Guiabran, piko
Batou bin
Mefquin
Baiar
Oran di gounori
Kredgia lobau
Moudiara
Amet
Lori
Befankal
Bagnlaoran
Brancali
Real bato«
Bourou dara
Tchiabe
Sambai
Tchoubet
Kioupa
Lappan
Souca
Souca ati
Pa pan
Taneraan
Sloroup
Crifs
Bougnia merac
Merikia lada
Bator
APPENDIX.
27
PoflTefs (to) Poffible Pot (a) Pufli (to) Preach (to) Precious Predia (to) Prefer (to) Prince Profound Promife (to) Prudent Powerful PuniOi (to) Purgative
Pure
Phyfic (to take) Paint (to) Pare (to) Petrolium Peftle (a)
11 fed for rice
Pickaxe (a)
Prick (to)
Porcupine
Port (a)
Pulfe (the)
Purflain
Putrid
Proper
Pufh back (to)
Path
Piaure (a)
Pougnia
Brancali
Coali
Tola
Mantcho
Bagnia rega
Soulap
Candati
Pneran
Dalam
Dgingi
Oran diam
Bai diam
Tchelaka
Obat clouar, obat cardgia
perfi prot Nana
Minum obat bouan aer Tchet Koupas Miniac taua Ana, ana toumbok Ana loumpan Brodjol
Touflb, paco paco Landap Moara Gurat Guelang
Bouffouc •
Perfi Mundor Dialemkitkil Gambar
28
APPENDIX.
Potatoes Pour (to)
- Kanilaan
- Taro
Quickly Quarter (a) Quarrel (a) Quit (to) Queen Quick
Ring (a) Road, way Rafcal Run (to) Right
Right-hand Rcleafe (to) Rely on (to) Rogue Rub (to) Rude
Relax (to) Rife (to) Road (lo) ' Rather Ripe
Relative (a) Rain (to) Rain
Requeft (to) Root (a) Relate (to)
Lacafs
Prapat
Stori
Tra tingal
Ratou
Lacafs
R.
Tchintchin, tchinkien
Dialan
Bank fat
Lari
Betol
Kanan
Kredgia bcffar
Pfetcha'ia
Oran menkiotiri
Goffo
KalTar
Lapafs
Bangon
Bou
Lebi babe
Matan
Sanna
Oudgian
Oudgian
Minta
Acar
Dongnie
APPENDIX.
29
Rare Rat
• — (muflc) Receive (to) Relate (to) Refufe (to) Regard (to) Reign (to) Rejoice (to) Religion Remedy Repair (to) Regret Qo) Repent (to) Reft (to) Reproach (to) Refift (to) Refpea (to) Recolledt (to) Remainder Remain (to) Retard (to) Retain (to) Refound (to) Return (to) Refpea Rhinoceros Rhubarb Rich
Ridiculous River (a) Rice (drelTed) Rice (in ftraw) Rice (the grain)
larang
- TicoufTe SI oil rout
- Dapat
- Taou darilouar
- Tra maanna Liat, tengoa
- Printa
- Guiran
- AflTal
- Obat
- Kredgia betol
- Sa'ian
- Geton ,,- Tidoran
- Core
- Lavan
- OriTiat
- Eignet
- Lt. bignan
- Tingal, nanti
- Nanti
- Pegan
- Boubouni
- Bleca
- Slaraat
- Badoc
- Calamba Kaia
- Eni bole tetaoua
- Aer kali, kali
- Nafi
- Padi
- Brafs
m
APPENDIX.
Rock
Round Rofe (a)
Rotang (the fruit of the ca- lamus) Roaft (to) Red
blood
Redden (to)
Rupee -
Route -
Ribband
Ruby (a)
Rivulet -^
Row (to)
Rancid
Rafp (a)
Rafp (to)
Reftore (to)
Repaft (a)
Rofin
Refpea (to)
Refemble(to)
Rofe-tree (a)
Ruft
Roll (to)
Refide (to)
Remember (to)
Rafh
Roof
Rod (iron)
Sliorten (to).
Batou beflkr Bonder . Combang maou^r
Boa falac
■ Goring, backar
. Mera
. Treva toua
- Kredgia mera . Roupia
- Dialun
- Fita
- Mcera
. Kali kitkil
- Daion
- Cras
- Proudan
- Parot
- Caffi combali
- Makan
- Damar
- Ormat
- Sama roupa
- Pohon maouer
- Cotor beffi
- Goulon . Tengai
- Ingat
- Brani
- Roma tingui -^ Sica
S.
- Kredgia prendec
APPENDIX,
31
Sour |
- |
Podes , |
Sharp, morofe |
- |
Aflam |
Soul |
- |
Dgiva |
Spider |
- |
Laoua-laoua |
Silver |
- |
Pera |
Sit down (to) |
- |
Doudou |
Swallow (to) |
- |
Talan |
Seize, fnatch (to) |
- |
Tchabout |
Sweep (to) |
- |
Sappou |
Ship (a) |
- |
Prau |
Stick (a) |
- |
Rotan, touca |
Stammer (to) |
- |
Kago |
Soon |
* |
Chanbentar, bloum |
Shut (to) |
- |
Toutoup |
Shine, glitter (to) |
- |
Tran |
Sheep |
- |
Domba |
Stag(aj - , |
- |
RouiTa |
Song (a) |
- |
Mingnlagni |
Sing (to) |
- |
Migriiagni |
Seek (to) |
- |
Kiari |
Scar |
- |
Louca |
Shirt |
■ - |
Kmedia |
Sky |
- |
Laoughit |
Sciflars |
- |
Gounting |
Spit (to) |
- |
Botian louda, louda |
Spitting-bafm |
> |
Tampat louda |
Shell (a) |
- |
Kran, bia |
Shoemaker |
- |
Toucan fpadou |
Short |
- |
Pendec |
Sew (to) |
- |
Myndgeait |
Spoon |
- |
Sendock |
Since |
- |
Sila magna |
Since yefterday |
- |
Dari kalamaren |
Sunday |
- |
Ari mingo |
,32
APPENDIX.
Say (to) |
- |
Bilin, kata, dekata |
Sleep (to) |
- |
Tidor |
Softly |
- |
Palan palan |
Sweet |
-- |
Manis |
Scale |
- |
Tiram |
Squirrel (flying) fciurus fagitta |
Velio |
|
She |
- |
Coe |
Scratch (to) |
- |
Garo |
Span (a) |
- |
Qiiilan |
Send (to) - \ |
- |
Tirem, kirin |
Shoulder |
. |
Ponda |
Sword |
- |
Pedan |
Shilling (Dutch) |
- |
Satali |
Slave |
- |
Lafcar |
Sort, kind |
- |
Roupa |
Sneeze (to) |
- |
Quain |
Spark (a) |
- |
Mniala |
SilkftufF" - |
- |
-Kainfoutra |
Star (a) |
- |
Bindan, bintam |
Strangle (to) |
- |
Ganton |
Study (to) -, |
'- |
Adiar |
Stirrups |
- |
Songo veddi |
Stra'it, narrow |
- |
Tefak |
Split (to) |
- |
Poton |
Slender |
- |
Alos |
Stroke (to) as one would a |
cat |
Poutre koutchien |
Strong |
- |
Koat, eras |
Smoke . |
- |
Acep |
Slip (to) |
- |
Leitchin |
Skilful |
- |
Biflbu |
Swallow (a) |
. |
Bourou fasapi |
Shame |
- |
Malou |
Swear (to) |
- |
Sounopan |
Spear (a) |
- |
Tomba J |
APPENDIX.
32
Slowly |
- |
'- |
Plan plan |
Sick |
- |
Saket |
|
Stake (to) |
- |
- |
Paha |
Sailor |
- |
■- |
Golo golo |
Same (the) |
- |
- |
Itou djouga |
Spare (to) |
-• |
- |
Simpan |
Sea |
-■' |
^ - |
Laot |
Snotty |
-' |
- |
Ignus |
Soft |
- |
- |
Lembec |
Sheep |
- |
- |
Kambing blanda |
Swim (to) |
- |
- |
Brenan, tourou |
Shipwreck |
■ - |
Pitchia kappal |
|
Smell |
- |
- |
Baugnia |
Storm |
. |
- |
Omba |
Shade |
- • |
- |
Baiam fombar |
Sorrel |
- |
. |
Souri |
Slothful |
» |
- |
Malafs |
Speak (to) |
- |
- |
Cata, bilan |
Skin |
- |
- |
Coulet |
Shovel (a) |
- |
- |
Patiol |
Stone (a) |
- |
- |
Batou gounon |
Several |
- |
•- |
Bagnian |
Smooth |
- |
- |
Litchen |
Sermon (a) |
- |
- |
Santri |
Slink (to) |
- ■ |
-' |
Bouffuc, baflin |
Since |
- |
- |
Kalo |
Some |
- |
- |
Apapa |
Sometimes |
- |
. |
Barankali |
Somebody |
- |
- |
Oran |
Shave (to) |
- |
- |
Tchioucour, atchia |
Shut up (to) |
■ - |
- |
Toutoup |
Shark (a) |
- |
' |
lean, kiou-kiou |
Succeed (to) |
- |
- |
Bole kredgia |
ea-fliorc (the) |
- |
c |
Pinguer laot |
.34
APPENDIX.
Scurf - |
- |
Coring |
Steep |
- |
Bagous eras |
Snore (to) |
- |
Mongoro |
Street |
" |
Guiabau |
Sand |
PafTcr, pafsir |
|
Sjbre -r |
- |
Spadel, pedang |
Sack |
Caroun |
|
Saltpetre |
- |
Garam blanda |
Salute you (I) |
- |
Tabea, tabe |
Salute (to) ' |
- |
Tabe |
Saturday |
• - |
Ari feptou |
Sandal wood |
- |
Tchindana |
Sattin |
- |
Kain fatiin |
Sauce |
- |
Koa |
Savory |
- |
Enac |
Savage |
- |
Outan |
Scorpion |
- |
Claban |
Sculptor |
- |
Toucan tcheit |
Sebeftena (cordia) |
- |
Daun candal |
Second » - |
- |
Aligna |
Secret |
- |
Diam |
Salt - - |
- |
Garam |
Sow (to) |
- |
Tanam |
Senfible |
r |
Bagnia rpugui |
Sepulchre |
.- |
Cobouran |
Serious |
- |
Alem |
Snake |
- |
Oular |
Serpent (boa conftri6lor) |
- |
Oularfaouan |
Signalize (to) |
- |
Tandagna |
Sign (to) . |
"- |
Toulifs namamo |
Silence |
- |
Diam fadja |
Sincere |
- |
Tradjoufta |
Salt (to) |
- |
Garam |
Spittle |
- |
Louda |
APPENDIX.
35*
Shoe (an old) |
- Qiienela |
|
Savour, tafte , - |
- Enac |
|
Soap |
- Sabon |
|
Saw (a) |
- Gradgic, gregadgi |
|
Saw wood (to) |
Gradgic cayou |
|
Saddle (a) |
- Ababa |
|
(to) |
- Ababa kouda |
|
Smell (to) |
- Vangui |
|
Squeeze (to) |
- Pegan bahe bahe |
|
Syrup |
- Tetefs |
|
Sober |
- Oran pendiam |
|
Social |
- Souca fobat |
|
Sifter |
- Soudarenia, foud |
|
Silk |
- Soutra |
|
Soldier |
- Saragny |
|
Sun |
- Man tare |
|
Solid |
- Cras |
|
Solitary |
- Souca candiri |
|
Sleep |
- Enac tidor |
|
Slumber (to) r. |
- Tidor |
|
Sound |
»- Baboni |
|
Sulphur |
- Beleran |
|
Shoe |
- Spadou, gulapaou |
|
Sup (to) |
- Makan fori |
|
Sigh (to) |
- Tari napafs |
|
Source |
- Pandjouran |
|
Sphinx |
Koupou fori |
|
Skeleton of a man |
- Pougnia toulan oran m |
ate |
Statue |
- Deos |
|
Stupid |
- Oran bodo |
|
Suddenly |
- Secaram |
|
Subfift (to) |
- Tahan |
|
Subtle |
- Alos |
|
Succulem |
- Enac C 2 |
35
APPENDIX.
Suck (to) Sugar-cane Sugar (palm)
white
Sugar-candy
Sweet
South
Sweat (to)
Sweat
Soot
Suet
Sultan
Superb
Supplicate (to)
Suppurate (to)
Sure
Surely
Surprifing
Sufpedled
Sorcerer
Set oiF (to)
Solder (to)
Sweet fcent
Silent -,
Silent (to be)
Slow
Stain (to)
Suck (to)
Shear (to)
Sharjp
Sorrowful ^
Sow (a)
Sell (to)
Sale
See fome thing (to)
Tioup
Toubou
Goula itan
Goula paflir;
Goula batou
Raffagnia manis
Kidol
Cringat
Criegnote
Affap
Gommok cambing
Suldan
Bagnia, bagous
Mindanbon
Lucat talalo cotor
Souda pafti
Songou
Talalo Iran
Trada fobat, blum can alam
Bankfat, pagnoulo
Calouar, clouar
Patri
Crafvangni
Tida tcherita
Pandiam
Talalo lama
Tcheit
Minum tete, miflbp
Konting rambout
Talalo tadgiam '
Oran foulTa
Babi paranpouan
Djoual
Djoual
Liat apapa
APPENDIX,
»7
Tree
To-day
This, that,
Tickle (to)
Thing, any thing
Toad
Thigh
Tub
To-morrow
■— (the day after)
Tooth
Therefore
Together
Thorn
Twice
Tun (a)
Tremble (to)
Taint (to)
Tafte
Tafte for (to have a)
Throw (to)
Twins
Till .
to-morrow
Tongue
Tear (a)
Tired
Tire (to) - -
Tie (to)
Trunk, box
Tuefday
Threaten (to)
Thin
T.
- Pohon
- Arreini
- Itou
- Gil
- Apapa
- Codoc
- Paha
- Bale
- Belfo
- LoufTa
- Guigui
- Commeden
- Sama fama
- Douri
- Doua kali
- Gontor
- Kaguet
- Bouflbuc
- Rafla
- RafTagnia
- Lempar
- Anac combar
- Sampe
- Sampe beffo
- Lida
- Nanguic
- Leflbu
- Leflbu
- Icat
- Peti
- ArL flafla
- Kredgia tacot
- L itch in
^3
38
APPENDIX.
Take away [to)
Throughout
Think (to)
Thumb
Take (to)
Tail
Thank (to)
Tuck up (to)
Turmerick
Thirfly (to be)
Tobacco
Table
Taylor
Tamarinds
Tanner (a)
Tempeft
Time
Time (long)
Tender
Termes fatale
Terror
Tea
Tiger
Timid
Thou, thee
Tomb
Thy
Thunder (to)
Thunder
Torrent
Total
Touch (to)
Torment
Tarn (to)
- Picoulbaoua
- Di fana fini, kouli leng 1 Piker
Dgenpol
- Ambel, pegan
- Bountol, ekor
- Trema cafli
- Goulon, ancat - - 'SafFran
- Ahofs
- Tambaco
- Meguia, media
- Toucan mindgeait
- Airam, boa a^ram
- Toucan coulet
- Omba beflar Sam pa
- Lama
- Laumaefs ^
- Soumouth poetri
- Tacot
- Daun the
- Makian"
- Trada bran
- Ofle, koe, lou, dla
- Coubouran Koe pougnia
- Bekilap
- Goundor
- Erofs
- Samougnia, Iton
- Tolac
- Cleyling bounder
APPENDIX.
3f)
Turtle-dove |
- |
Pourcoutout |
Traffic (to) |
- |
Daganghen, djoual |
Tranquil |
- |
Diam leren |
Tranrcribe(to) |
- |
Toulis combaly |
Tranfparent |
- |
Katchia |
Tranfpire (to) |
- |
Aer cringat clouar |
Tranfport (to) |
- |
Kiari |
Tremble (to) |
- |
Guementar |
Trefpafs (to) |
- |
Souda mate |
Treafure |
- |
Tanan mafs |
Tribute |
- |
Bea |
Triumph (to) |
- |
Slamal depatonton |
Too much |
- |
Tulalo bagnia |
Too little |
- |
Talalo fidiquet |
Tumult |
- |
Gueguer |
Temples |
- |
Pilingam |
Terminate (to) |
- |
Abis |
Tortoife (a) |
■- |
Pignou, koura koura |
(river) |
- |
Voulous |
Tipple (to) |
- |
Slamat minum , |
Trot (to) |
- |
Dgiatou |
Tile (a) |
- |
Guenden, batou guenden |
Tube (a) |
- |
Becacas |
Town (a) |
- |
Cota, negri |
True |
U |
Betol r. ' |
Untie (to) |
- |
Lapafs |
Ungrateful |
• |
Trada trima |
Unjuft |
- |
Trada patout |
Ufelefs |
- |
Tra houUa |
Unfortunate ^ |
- |
Kielakakan |
Undoubtedly |
- |
Pafti |
Uniform |
- |
Sama roupa |
C4
40 A] |
PPE |
NDIX. |
tJrine |
» |
Kinkin |
Ugly |
- |
Yatel |
V. |
||
Vanifh (to) |
_ |
latouflaii |
Villain (a) |
- |
Bankfat |
Very |
- |
Baghia, talalo |
Veffel, (hip |
- |
Capal |
VefTel, utenfil - |
- |
Tampat |
Vine |
- |
Pohonangor |
Village |
- |
Negri |
Vinegar |
- |
Thiouka |
Violet |
- |
Mera mouda |
Violin |
- |
Viola |
•Vifit (to pay a) |
• |
Liatoran |
Voice |
•>■ |
Sonara |
Volcanic ftone |
- |
Batou timbou |
Vomit (to) |
- |
Mouta |
Vomitive |
- |
Obatmouta |
w. |
||
Wait (to) |
- |
Nanti |
With |
- |
Sama |
Well (adverb) |
- |
Bahe, bay |
White |
- |
Pouti |
Wound (to) |
- |
ToufFo |
Wood |
- |
Cayou |
— - — , a kind of black |
vein- |
- |
ed, in great eftimation |
||
•with the Javanefe |
- |
Cayou pelei |
Wax |
- |
Irouan |
Without (from) |
• - |
Dilour |
Wifli (to) |
- |
Kepegne |
Water |
- |
Aer |
APPENDIX,
41
Write (to) Wife Window- Weak Whip (a) Wafp ' War Weak Wool Wadi (to) Who, which When _ -
Want (to) Walk (to) Wicked
Wicked thing (a) Waggifti Water melon Wednefday World (the) Word (a) Wet (to) Whifkers Whifpcr (in a) We Where Weft
Workman Weigh (to) Weep (to) Why?
Walk (to take a) Whore (a) When
Toulifs
Penanten
Tzendela
Trada koat
Dgemetey '
Taoun
Pram
Trabrani, trabifTjt
Kappas blanda
Touki
Sapa
Kapan, kalo
Sala
Dialan, koulelen
Yahat, mara
BouITouc
Nacal
Pafteka
Ari ribbon
Donia, interredonia
Percataan
Kredgia bafla
Cornis
Bifibifi
Kita
Di mana, mana
Coulon
Toucan
Kredgia brat
Manangnis
Manapa
Pigui cldin
Sondel
Kapan^ kalo
42.
APPENDIX.
What is it ? |
- |
Apa coraa |
Who |
- |
Sap a |
Who is there ? |
- |
Sapada |
What |
- |
Apa |
V/rinkle (a) |
- |
Kiffot |
Week |
- |
Sato dimingo |
Whiftle (to) |
- |
Ploit] |
Whilft |
- |
Kalo -^ |
Witnefs |
- |
Oran faxi |
Work (to) |
- |
Kredgia apapa, ancat kredgia |
Water (to make) |
- |
Koutchieng |
Watch |
- |
Bangan |
Wind ' |
- |
Anguin |
Wine |
- |
Angor |
(palm) |
- |
Sacaver |
Willing (to be) |
- |
Mao |
• |
Y. |
|
Year |
- |
Taun |
Yet , |
- |
Lagui |
Yefterday |
- |
Kalamaren |
. -^ (the day before) - |
Kalamaren daulou |
|
Yellow |
- |
Couning » |
Young |
- |
Mouda |
Yes |
- |
Bai |
Your |
- |
Pougnia |
You |
, |
Koe, lou |
Numerical Terms. |
||
One |
- Sato |
|
Two |
- Doua |
|
Three |
- Tiga |
|
Four |
- Am pat |
|
Five |
- , Lima |
APPENDIX.
43
Six |
- |
A nam |
Seven |
- |
Toudion |
Eight |
- |
Delapan |
Nine |
- |
Sambilan |
Ten |
- |
Sapoulou |
Eleven - ■ |
- |
Sapoulou fato, or fablas |
Twelve |
^- |
Sapoulou doua, or douablas |
Thirteen |
- |
Sapoulou tiga, or tigablas |
Fourteen |
- |
Sapoulou ampat, or ampatblas |
Fifteen |
- |
Sapoulou lima, or limablas |
Sixteen |
- |
Sapoulou anam, oranamblas |
Seventeen |
- |
Sapoulou toudiou, or toiidioublas |
Eighteen |
- |
Sapoulou delapan, or delapan bias |
Nineteen |
- |
Sapoulou faml)ilan, or fambilan bias |
Twenty |
- |
Doua fapoulou, or doua poulou |
Twenty-one |
- |
Doua fapoulou fato, or doua poulou fato, &;c. |
Thirty |
- |
Tiga poulou, or tiga fapoulou |
Thirty-one |
- |
. Tiga poulou faro, &c. |
Hundred |
- |
Saratous |
Two hundred |
- |
Doua raious |
Thoufand |
- |
CeriboLi |
Ten thoufand |
- |
Cequcty |
Hundred ihoufand |
~ |
Celaxa |
VOCABULARY OF THE LANGUAGE
OF THE
SAVAGES OF DIEMEN'S LAND. -ARMS (the) - Gouna lia
B. Beard - - Conc;uine
Branch of the eucalyptus
wi;h its leaves - - Poroqui
44
APPENDIX.
Bark of a tree
Bird
Baflcet
Breafl: of a man
of a woman
- Toline
- Mouta mouta
- Terre
- Ladine
- here
Here, as in many other inftances, lia placed at the end oft word indicates the plural number.
c.
Charcoal, reduced to pow- der, with which they cover
their bodies « - Loira
Cut (to) - - Rogueri, toidi
Crown of Ihells - Canlaride
Chin •> - - Onaba
D. |
|
Drink j(to) |
- Laina |
Death, to die |
- Mata |
Diftance (at a) |
- Renaue |
E. |
|
Eat (I will) |
- Made guera |
Ears |
- Cuegni lia |
Eyes (the) |
- Nubru nubere |
F. |
|
Fingers |
- Lori lori |
Eamily (my) |
- Tagari lia |
Fire |
- Une |
Fly (a) |
- Oelle |
Fifh (fmall) of the fpecies |
of |
gadus |
' - Pounerala |
G. |
|
Go and eat |
- Mat guera |
APPENDIX,.
Give me - - Noki
'Greafe (to) the hair - Lane poere
49
GraCs
Hair
Hands
I will go
- Poene
H.
- Pelilogueni
- Riz lia
I.
- Ronda
K.
Knees - - Ragua lia
Kernel of the eucalyptus re-
finifera |
- Manouadra |
Kangarou's Ikin |
- Boira |
L. |
|
Let us go |
- Tangari |
Lobfter |
- Nuele |
Lips |
- Mogude lia |
M. |
|
Me |
- Mana |
Me (for) |
- Paouai |
Mortal fthat is) |
- Mata enigo |
Mufcle (fea) |
- Mire |
N. |
|
Nofe |
- Muguiz |
Nanne of a man |
- Mara |
. Name (another) for a man |
- Mera |
Navel (the) |
- Lue |
No |
- Neudi |
Nails of the toes |
- Pere lia |
■ of the fingers |
- Toni lia |
46 APPENDIX.
O. |
|
Oyfler-fhell |
- Louba |
Ochre |
- Mallaue |
P- |
|
Polleriors |
- Nune |
Pillow (a fmall) on which
the men lean - -r Roe re
Parrot - - Mola
Plunge (to) - Bugurc
FoliChing (the ail of) with a
fliell - - Rina
S. Sit down - - Medi
Sleep (to) - - Malougna
Sclerya (a fpecies of very large) Leni
Sun (the) . |
- |
- |
Panumere |
|
Stone (a) |
- |
Loi'ne |
||
Sea weed, (a |
fpecies of) |
|||
fucus ciliatus |
- |
Roman inou |
||
See (I) |
- |
- |
Quendera |
|
• |
T. |
|||
That belongs to me |
- |
Patourana |
||
Tree of the fpecies eucalyptus |
Tangara |
|||
That |
- |
- |
Avere |
|
Teeth |
-' |
- |
Pegui |
|
Throw (to) |
r |
Pegara |
||
Tongue |
- |
- |
Mene |
|
Tatooing |
- |
- |
Pal ere |
|
Trunk of the |
euca |
lyptus |
Perebe |
|
This way |
- |
- |
Lomi |
APPENDIX. |
|
W. |
|
Woman |
- Qiiani |
Will you come . |
- Qiiangloa |
Y. |
|
You |
- Nina |
47
^W'JSr.*.'-
VOCABULARY OF THE LANGUAGE
OF THS.
FRIENDLY ISLANDS.
A.
Agreeable (that is very) |
Mariche |
|
Armpit (the) |
- |
Ifae fine |
Arms (the) |
- |
Nima |
Arrow (an) |
- |
Houloumata |
Afraid (to be) |
- |
Feitama manavaee |
Applaufe (a term denoting) |
||
after a fong |
- |
Mali |
Awaken (to) |
- |
Haha |
Arife (to) |
- |
Tohou |
B |
1, |
|
Begone |
. - |
Hale atou |
Bring me that |
- ■ - |
Tougue maie |
Banana |
- |
Foudgi, aoba |
Beat (to) |
- |
Taha |
Bulla ovum (a |
(hell thus |
|
named) |
- |
Koepoule |
Broken |
- |
Foa |
Bed (to go to) |
- |
Togoda |
Brother (my) |
- |
Foenna, fanao |
48
APPENDIX.
Boy (a) |
-■ |
Tama |
Blow one's nofe (to) |
•i» |
Fangouyou |
Black, blue |
- |
Ouly |
Birds |
- |
Manou |
Balket (a) |
- |
Cato |
Bread (the) |
- |
Fatta |
Bofom |
- |
Houhou |
Bladder of a pig, blown |
- |
Monou manou |
Bring (to) |
- |
Tohague |
Bow (a) |
- |
Fana |
Beard |
. |
Koumou, kava |
Breakers |
- |
Cacaho |
Brother's younger brother |
- |
Teina |
Burial place |
- |
Tano |
Back (the) |
- |
Toua |
Bread fruit |
- |
Mei |
Beads (glafs) |
- |
Kahoa |
Bad |
- |
Kovi |
Bone |
. |
Houi |
Bread-fruit tree |
■- |
Toya |
Butterfly |
' |
Pepe, bebe |
Breathe |
- |
Malava |
Blood |
- |
Totto |
' |
C. |
|
Call (to) a chief, or a man i |
of |
|
the clafs of Moua |
- |
Maliou mai |
Call that (what do you) |
- |
koi-koa, koai hoinghoa |
Cerbera mangas (a garland |
of |
|
flowers of the) , |
- |
Kodgi ale |
Cocoa-nuts |
- |
Niou |
Cut (a) |
- |
Lave^ |
Cry out (to) |
- |
Yhoo |
Cold |
- |
Modgia |
APPENDIX.
'^9
Club (a)
Canoe
Carry on one's back (to)
Clay
Come hither
Call (to) a man of the lower
clafs, or a toua Called (that is) Chief (a) Caterpillar (a) Cut (to)
Cut (to) with fciflbrs Child (a male) Cheeks (the) Columba aenea (a fpecies of
pigeon) Chicken (a) Cough fto) -
Cloaths (our)
Akao
Vaka
Fafa
Oummca
Haele ma'i, hale mai
Fogui mai
Koi
Egui
Noufe
TafFa
Pipi
Tahine
Koae
Touhou Moa Olea Papa langui
D.
Depart (to) Drive away (to) Drefs vidluals (to) Day after to-morrow Drefs one's felf (to) Die (to) Drink (to) Dog (a) Dance (to) Defcend (to) Day (the) Dart (a)
Hael atou
Halo, halo
Moho
Anoya
Poulou pouloir
Mate
Inou
Kouli
Iva
Halonifs
Ao
Tau
4
60
APPENDIX
E.
Eldeft fon
Eldeft daughter
Eaft wind
Excrement
Evening (this)
Earthen vefTel to hold water
Exchange (to)
Equal
Eat (to)
Ear
Earth (the)
Eyes (the)
Toagucde
Tofi, fine
Mantangui, meelaa
Meokovi
Apou
Coulo
Fokatau
Tata, oupc
Hala
Telinga
Tongoutou
Mata
F.
:'j
Friend (a) |
- |
- |
OfFa |
|
Friendfhip for (to have |
a) |
Cahou |
||
Fingers |
- |
- |
Touau |
|
Female |
- |
- |
Nafa |
|
Feaft (a) |
- |
/ |
. |
Mee |
Fire |
. |
. |
Afi |
|
Flute (a) |
- |
- |
Fangou, fangou |
|
Fruit of the |
inocarpus |
edulis |
Mahoa |
|
eugenia |
- |
Mafanga |
||
Fifli (a) |
- |
- |
Ika |
|
Fine |
- |
- |
Lelley, lelleyi |
|
Forbidden |
- |
- |
Tabou |
|
Fan (a) |
- |
- |
Toito |
|
made o |
f a Jeaf of the |
|||
corypha |
- |
- |
Biou |
|
Another kind of |
Aye |
|||
(to) |
- |
- |
Hallo, halo |
|
Fifli-hook |
- |
- |
Ipa |
|
Father |
. |
> |
Tamai |
|
Feet (the) |
- |
- |
Afouivao, afevae |
APPENDIX.
51
G.
Go (to) walk. |
- Hael |
|
Girl (a young) |
- Mamadgie |
|
Great |
- Lai |
|
Great chief |
- Egui lai' |
|
Give (to) |
- Mahi |
|
Give me fomething |
- Mamaco, omi, omea, |
magou |
Gain one's point (to) |
•^ Tahou H. |
- |
Have not (I) |
- Ongouikaie |
|
Hats (our) |
- Poulonga |
|
Hatchet |
- Toki |
, |
Hibifcus rofa finenfis |
- Kaouttc |
|
Hibifcus (another fpecies of) Yabau |
||
Hufband |
- Mocoe |
•* |
Head |
- HouloUj |
|
Hair |
- Oulou |
'■■ ■• '■■' |
How mucli |
- Afeya |
|
Here, there |
- Hini, hine |
|
He, or her |
- Hana |
|
Hand |
- Afenima |
|
Hole (to make a) |
- Fauto I. |
.. f |
Iron |
- Oukamea |
|
Ifland |
- Cau K. |
|
Knock down (to) |
- Lave |
|
Knife (a) |
- Hails L. |
|
Lie down (to) |
- Fanao |
. • ■'- |
Love (to) |
• Mamana d2 |
52
APPENDIX.
Lizard |
. |
Fokai |
Lean |
- |
Cauno |
Little |
- |
Tchi |
Leap (to) |
- |
Hobau |
Look at that |
- |
Tchiana |
Legs (the) |
- |
Fouivae, vaee |
Lips |
- |
Longoutou |
Linen, as handkerchief, |
&c. |
Holoholo |
Looking-glafs |
. |
Tchioata, tchiautta |
Lice |
- |
Lohi |
Let me fee |
- |
Maumata, mai'mata |
M. |
||
Mouth |
_ |
Moudoii |
Moon (the) |
- |
Maheina |
Mark (a) on the cheek, < |
Dcca- |
|
fioned by a blow |
. |
Fouki |
Me - |
- |
Ogou |
Mother of pearl |
. |
Laoulahou |
Man (a) |
. |
Tongata |
Mifs one's aim (to) |
. |
Hala |
Mother |
- |
Nafa |
Mount (to) |
. |
Kaka |
Mufic |
- |
Hangui |
Mat (common) |
- |
Nafi, nafi |
Mat (a) fine fort, ufed |
for |
|
cloalhing |
■' |
Kil |
N |
• |
|
Now |
. |
Ini, Hene |
Needle, for fewing |
.. |
Itoui, Heoui |
Neck (the) |
- |
Guya |
Navel |
- |
Hingoa |
No |
• |
Hoa |
APPENDIX.
53
North wind |
- |
Matangui toguelao |
|
North-eaft wind |
- |
Fonga fouloifoua |
|
North-weft wind |
- |
Fagatohiou. |
|
Nail (a) |
- |
Fau |
|
Nutmeg (large) not aromatic |
Cotone |
||
Nofe (the) |
- |
Eou |
|
Night |
- |
Paolli |
|
Not |
- |
Ikai, kai |
|
Name |
- |
Hingoa |
|
Natives of the loweft |
clafs |
||
but one |
- |
Moua |
|
Natives of the loweft clafs |
. |
Toua |
o.
Ornament of red feathers worn
on the head |
- Poulao |
Orange |
- Moly |
Open |
- Tatanha |
Open that cocoa-nut |
- Oyou |
Old |
- Moudona |
P. |
|
Pig fa) |
- Boakka |
Parroquet (blue headed) |
- Haingha |
Prefent (I make you a) |
- Adoupe |
Peel fruit (to) |
- Fohi |
Poflefs fomething (to) |
- Amou |
R. |
|
Ring (a) " |
- Mama |
Rudder |
- Foeouli |
Rough play |
- Leagui |
^3 |
54
APPENDIX.
Rub (to) a piece of wood againft a larger one, to pro- duce fire - - Tollo
Relations (near) - - Anaoua
^{
Sit down |
- |
Nofe- |
Sew together (to) |
- |
Filou |
Stick (a) |
- |
Taha |
Sugar-cane |
'- |
To |
Scar on the belly, from a |
||
wound by a javelin |
- |
Ta, obitouagui |
Shell (a) |
- |
Fighota |
Seize (to) |
- |
Faghi |
Side (on the others |
- |
Ahoue |
Sleep (to) |
" |
Moe |
Scratch (to) |
- |
Ivagou |
Shoulder (the) |
- |
Ouma |
Sneeze (to) |
- |
Ifangou |
Stuff (a) made with the |
bark |
|
of the mulberry tree |
- |
Gnatou |
Shave (to) |
- |
Fafaya kava |
Sandal-wood |
- |
Kai fidgi |
Sifter's younger brother |
- |
Toughane |
Sing (to) or a fong |
- |
Oube |
Sky |
- |
Laghi |
Sciflars (a pair of) |
- |
Pipi |
Side (on the other) |
- |
Aliki |
Spoon (a) |
- |
Hebou |
Spoon (a great) |
- |
Lahihe, lahihebou |
- (a fmall) |
- |
Tchie, tchiebou |
Salute (to) by touching |
with |
|
the nofe-end, that oj |
f the |
|
perfon faluted |
- |
Houma |
Star. (a) |
- |
Fidau |
APPENDIX.
55
Son {a) |
- |
Oulou kalala |
Shut (to) |
- |
Tabouni |
Screech-owl |
- |
Loulou |
Shed (a large) |
- |
Alto |
Shew me |
- |
Behangue |
Shark |
- |
Netoufi |
South witid |
- |
Matangui^ tonguf |
South-weft wind |
- |
Coeoulou |
Sore (a) |
- |
Pala |
Sieve (made of coarfe |
ftufF |
|
, for draining kava |
- |
Faou |
Sea (the) |
- |
Tahe, tahi |
Straw colour |
- |
Kao |
Skin |
- |
Coquili |
Sifter |
- |
Fae |
South-eaft wind |
- |
Alagnlfannoua |
Sweat (to) |
- |
Ikacava |
Sail (a) |
- |
Boulou boulou |
T. |
||
To (prep.) |
- |
Hi |
This, that |
- |
He |
Thigh |
- |
Tainga |
Tortoifeftiell |
- |
Ouno |
Throat (the) |
- |
Houa |
Tongue (the) |
- |
Ileo, leo |
Tail of a bird |
- |
Mou'i moi |
Tatooing |
- |
Male, tatau |
in large rings round |
||
the waift |
- |
Alia peka |
' the thighs |
■ - |
Foui |
the |
||
arms and (houlders |
Ita'i |
|
To-day |
- |
Ana'i |
d4 |
56.
APPENDIX.
Timber- work of a houfe |
- Fata |
Teeth |
- Nifo |
That is |
- Anga |
Throw (to) |
- Ilafou, lafou |
Toe (the great) |
- Moudoua vahe |
Tacca pinnatifida (fruit of the |
|
plant of that name |
- Maia |
Tatooing, in the form |
of |
large worms |
-. Kafa |
Term of approbation |
- Coia |
- TflTah |
|
** A.ii6m |
|
Thunder |
- Paoulou |
Turtle-dove (red headed) < |
co- |
lumba fanguinolenta |
- Koulou koulou |
Twift (to) |
- Tatao |
Thief (a) |
- Kaya |
Tell me your name |
- Eyoeia |
u. ■ |
|
Uncover your head |
- Codchi nolele |
W, |
|
Wing |
- Cabacao |
White |
- Ina, maha |
Warm |
- Mafanna |
Woman (a) |
- Vifine |
Wife (to have a) |
- Hoanna |
Weft wind |
- Matangui- l.oulougha |
Weep (to) |
- Tangui |
Whiftle (to) |
- Mabou |
What is that |
- Koaia |
Wood |
- Lahoubaba |
Water |
- Ovai |
Wicked • |
- Kino |
APPENDIX,
57
We |
- Yta |
We two |
- Yta oua |
Walk |
- Momiho |
Wind (the) |
- Matangui |
Y. |
|
Yawn (to) |
- Mamao, mamaoya |
Yellow |
- • Melo |
You |
- Coe, hae, he |
Yefterday |
- Aneafi |
Yes |
- loj hio |
One Two
Three
Four
Five
Six
Seven
Eight
Nine
Ten
Numerical Terms.
- Taha
- Oua
- Tolou
- Fa
- Nima
- Ono
- Fidou
- Valou
- Hiva
- Ongofoulou
To count 20 they repeat the numbers from i to 9 inclu- five ; and when they come to 20 they exprefs it by oua fou- lou (twice 10); to count 30, after having reckoned 20 in the manner juft mentioned, they begin again at i and count to 9: thus, tatra, oua, tolou, fanima, ono, fidou, valou, hiva ; and to exprefs 30 they fay, tolou ongofoulou (three limes 10) ; to reckon 40 they repeat i, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 ; and to exprefs 40 they fay faongo foulou (four times 10) ; thus 50, nima ongofoulou ; 60, ono ongofoulou ; 70, fidou ongofoulou ; 80, valou ongofoulou 5 90, hivo ongofou-
58
APPENDIX.
lou; 100, tehaou ; 2oo, ona tehaou ; 300> tolou tehaou j
400, fa tehaou ; 500, nima tehaou ^ 600, ono tehaou ;
^00, fidou tehaou ; 800, valou tehaou ; 900, hiva tehaou ;
1000, afey; 10,000, kilou afey ; 100,000, manoi 1,000,000,
panou ; 10,000,000, laouale ; 100,000,000, laounoua ;
1,000,000,000, liagui ; io,oco,ooo,ooo, tolo;
100,000,000,000, tafe ; 1,0.0,000,000,000, lingha j
10,000,000,000,000, nava ;
100,000,000,000,000, ka'imaau ;
1,000,000,000,000,000, talomaguitaugha kaVmaau ;
an infinite number, oki.
i>iS>3e«9«Si
VOCABULARY OF THE LANGUAGE
OF THE
NATIVES OF NEW CALEDONIA.
A. |
|
Armpits |
- Hanbeigha |
Arms (the) |
- Hingue |
Alk him |
- Hia |
Ant (an) |
- Hinki |
Afcend |
- Tamihiou |
Are you well ? |
- Alaoue |
Awaking • . |
- Noda |
B. |
|
Begone |
- Boeno |
Belongs (that) to me |
» Quine |
Bread-fruit tree |
- Yen |
Banana tree |
• Pouaignait |
Beard (the) |
• Poupouangue |
Back (the) |
- Donnha |
ri
APPENDIX,
59
Bark of the hibifcus lilia- ceus, from -which they extract a nutritious juice by chewing
Breech (the)
Bird (a)
Birds
Baflcet (a little)
Bad (that is)
Bread (the)
Breathe (to)
Blood
Bofom rthe)
Belly (the)
Blow (to) with one's mouth -
Paoui
Pouckhouenguee
Manou
Mani mani
Tolam
Qiiedenl
Guiengue
Kniana
Houda
Tingue
Kiguienguq
Oubedou
c.
Called (that is)
Cap (a)
Chief (a)
Chief (a) above the abouma -
Cocoa nuts
Cocoa tree
Cholic
Cock
Cord
Cord (a fmall) which they
ufe in throwing their ja
velins Cord (a piece of) which they
■wear round the neck,
from which is fufpended
a piece of hard well po-
iiihed ferpentine ftone - Peigha
Anan
Tanene poulou, mouea
Theabouma
Aliki
Niou
Nou
Yahick
Ho nemo
Mouep, maho
- Ounep
60
APPENDIX.
Child (a) |
- |
Neyne |
Cold |
- |
Guiaen |
Cheeks the) |
- |
Foangue |
Comb (a) |
- |
Gau, baliga |
Club (a) |
- |
Boulai'bi |
Chin (the) |
• |
Pouangue |
Canoe |
- |
Wa, oacka |
Chicken |
. |
Hali |
Cultivated land |
- |
Maniep |
Cough (to) |
- |
Poupe |
Come hither |
. |
Ame |
Dance (to) Death
Di
- Pilou
- Mackie
E.
Enough Eyelafhes (the) Elbow
Exchange (to) Ear (the) Eat (to) Eyelids
Hongui
Poutchibanghie
Bouanguelen
Oubin
Guening
Houyou, abou
Banguinghe
In the laft word the fyllable gum is pronounced in the throat, after the manner of the Arabs.
Earth (the) Ear-holes Eyes (the)
Guioute Ktiogueningue Ti wangue
APPENDIX.
61
F.
Friend (a) >«•
Fine (that is)
Forbidden (a thing)
Fingers (the)
Fan (a) ■
Fire
Figs, which they eat drefled
Forehead (the),
Fifh-hook
Foot (the)
Fly (a)
Fall (to)
Abanga
King king king, fpoken
quick Tabou Badonchigha Bahoula Afi, nap, hiepp Ouyou Bouaridaguan Pouaye
Bakatiengue, adegha Nan, ignan, about Telouch
G.
Good (that is) Give Give me Glafs beads Great Granates
Kapareck
Padeck, oumi, name name
Nanhi, hambaling
Baoui', pino
Amboida, pagoula
Pagui
H.
Hut (a). |
- |
Moi |
Hair |
> |
Poubanghie |
Hungry (I am) |
- |
Aouab |
Hatchet |
- |
Togui |
Hedge (a) |
- |
Baubeigh |
Hand (the) |
- |
Adeliegha |
Head (the) |
- |
Bangue |
62
APPENDIX.
Horizontal beam, at the height of about two yards in their cottages - PaVto
Hole (to make a) - Keigui
I.
Itching (an) |
- Hion |
|
Iron |
- Pitiou |
|
Ifland (an) |
- Gniati |
|
I have none |
- Adigna |
|
I will not |
- Boudou |
|
I will carry you on |
my |
back Tabouneys, moteraaneyo |
Immediately |
- Guiot J. |
|
Javelin (a) |
- Nta |
|
Knees (the) |
- Banguiligha L. |
|
Lie down (to) |
- Guiahoura |
|
Leaf a tree |
- Cata |
|
I-eg |
) |
- Popiguiengue, boudagnasr |
Let me fee that |
- Melekia |
|
Little |
- Anneba |
|
Linesof a black colour made |
||
on the breafl: |
- Poun |
|
Laugh (to) |
- Eck M. |
|
Mouth (the) |
- Wangue ' |
|
Mallard (a) |
- Oubane |
APPENDIX.
63
More |
- |
Magn |
Man |
- |
Abanguia, tchiau |
Moon (the) |
- |
Manoc, ndan |
Magnificent (that is] |
- |
Boukaie boukaie |
Maft (a) |
- |
Kniep |
Mother |
- |
Moubreba |
Me (that is for) |
- |
Aoutou |
Mountain (a) |
- |
Bandouc |
Mat (a) |
Kam, abono N. |
|
Nail (a) |
- |
Dobiou |
Neck (the) |
- |
Nouheigha |
Nofe |
- |
Wanding |
Navel |
. |
Koanbougha |
No |
- |
Nda |
Nails (the) |
- |
Pihingue |
o.
Ornament of mother of
pearl, with which they
adorn their heads - Tanden
Opening (the) which ferves
as an entrance into their
huts - - Ouenema
P.
Path (a) Potatoe Parroquet Prefent (that is a) Poft (a) placed in the mid- dle of their cottages - Aguyotte
- Taca, ouandanc
- Tani
- Pidip
- Tanhouate
^>4
Pledge (a) Poultry
APPENDIX.
- Malabou
- Ho
Quartz
- Nette
R. |
||
Run away (to) |
- Keremoi |
|
Rain |
- Oda |
|
Root of the dolichos tube- |
||
rofus |
- Yale |
|
Red |
- Miha |
s.
Spider (which' the favages |
|
of New Caledonia eat) - |
Nongui |
Shrub (of the fpecies lepto- |
|
fpermum |
Poap |
Stop (to) |
Guioute |
Sit down (to) |
Tamo |
Sugar-cane r |
Kout, ounguep |
Sing (to) |
Hote |
Scar of a wound from a dart- |
Do |
Sky (the) |
Ndaoe |
Shell, called bulla ovum |
Bout |
Shells |
Palile |
Spit (to) |
Kioutma |
Salute (to) by touching |
|
■with the end of the nofe |
|
that of theperfon faluted, |
|
asat Tongataboo |
Bangoming |
Shoulders (the) |
Bouheigha |
Sneeze (to) |
Tibouaie |
APPENDIX.
65
Stuff (a coarfe) refembling that made of the bark of the mulberry tree
Strike (to)
Sleep (to)
Sling (a)
Scratch (toj
Sling (to) a ftone
Sea (the)
Swim (to)
Stones prepared for flinging
Sole of the foot
Sack of ftones for flinging •
Sun (the)
Spider's web
Sail (a)
Tree (a)
To day
That
Thigh (the)
To-morrow
Teeth (the)
There is none
There is no more
T<^gue (the)
Tie (to)
Thumb (the)
Take
Tails (falfe) which they
wear Tatooing Tomb
Wangui
Tamaet
Kingo anoulen
Ouendat
Mangaitte
Ole
Dene
Hat
Oudip
- Adagueigha
- Qiienoulippe
- Nianghat
- Donhete
- Mouangha
T.
- Gniaouni
- Heigna
- Hi, hehine
- Hengue paan
- Padoua
- Paou wangue
- Hadipat
- Mai
- Koupe wangue
- Tighing Kanohingue
- Pone pone
- Bouligha, neguv
- Nap
- Nbouavt c
66 APPENDIX.
Thunder - - Highou
Tie (to) a cord to any thing Houadine Thief (a) - - Kaya
U.
Untie (to) - " Tibic
V/ell (that is) Wood Warm (it is)
Way (that is the) Wound from an arrow- Water - ! Woman, or girl Wife (my) Went away (he) Walk (to) Weep (to) What is that Whiftle (loj Water (to make) Wind (the)
Yawn (to)
One
Two
Three Four Five Six
W.
- Flo
- Kiantie
- Qudoa
- Taga
- Undip . Oe
- Tamomo, tama, ^ Yabaguenne
- Tatao
- Tanan
- Ngot Beta, anda'i
- Whaou
- Nima
- Oudou
Y.
- Obalam
Numerical Terms,
- Ouanait . - Ouadou
- Ouatguien
- Ouatbait
- Ouannaim
- Ouanaimgnik
APPENDIX,
67
Seveii
Eight
Nine
Ten
Eleven
Twelve
Thirteen
Fourteen
Fifteen
Sixteen
Seventeen
Eighteen
Nineteen
Twenty
Twenty-one
Twenty-two
Twenty-three
Twenty-four
Twenty-five
Twenty-fix
Twenty-feven
Twenty-eight
Twenty-nine
Thirty
Thirty-one
Thirty-two
Thirty-three
Thirty-four
Thirty -five
Thirty fix
Thirty- feven
Thirty-eight
Thirty-nine
Forty
- Ouanaimdou
- Ouanaimgueen
- Ouanaimbait
- Ouadoun hie
- Baroupahinck
- Baroukarou
- Bafou kat gueiu >- Barou kat bait
- Barou kat naim
- Kaneimguick
- Kafteim dou
- Kaneim guein Kaneim bait
- Kadoun hie
- Kaningma
- Karou
- Kat guein
- Kat bait
- Kanneim
- Kanneim guick
- Kanneim dou
- Kanneim guein
- Kanneim bait KaJoum lick
- Barekalininck
- Bare karou Kat guien Kat bait
- Kanneim Kanneim guick
- Kanneim dou
- Kanneim guein Kanneim bait
- Kadounhink ounguln
62
68
APPENDIX.
VOCABULARY OF THE LANGUAGE
OE THE
NATIVES OF Vv^AYGIOU.
Arms (the) |
- Bramine |
Arrow (an) |
- Mariai |
B. |
|
Bow (a) - • |
- Copamme coufFe |
Bananas |
- Imbieffe |
Bracelets of tortoifefhell |
- MifTe |
Bofom (the) |
- Soufife |
Belly (the) |
- Sneouaran |
Boat (a large) |
- Cadourefle |
(afmall) |
- Houahy |
c. |
|
Cocoa-nut |
- Scrail |
Cord |
- Camoutou |
Cotton fluff |
- Sanfounne |
Chin |
- Bourou bourOtJ |
Canoe |
-' Cambafene |
Crab (a) |
- Coaffe |
D, |
|
Drink (to) |
- Quinemme |
Dog (a) |
- Dofane |
E. |
|
Embrace (to) |
- Cofroec |
Eat (to) |
- Aenne, yacanne |
APPENDIX.
69
Eye
Ear (the) Earth
Fifli hook
Fifhing-line
Father
Feet (the)
Fifh
Forehead
Go (to)
Go away (to]
Go
Give me
Hair (the)
Harpoon (a)
Hand (a)
Hen (a)
Head of an harpoon'
- Mocammoro
- Q^ienany
- Soupe
F.
Sarfedinne
Farfere
Mama
Effouebaem
Icanne, hienne
Audary
G.
Combraenne Orofuperre Combran elfo Bouguemen, orbouqman
H.
Enombraem
Ambobere
Brampinne
Mafanquienne
Enacandenne
Iron
I am going
Knife (a) Knees (the) Knot fto tie a)
Moncormme
- Yaborefle
K.
- Moi Fonierenne
- Cocafe/fe
70
Lemon (a)
Ltg
Lobrter (a large J
APPENDIX. L.
- - Innecrail
Anemine - Saraoire
M.
Mouth (the) Mafl (a) Mother Me
Mat
Souadonne
Padarenrie
Naine
Aia
Yaerenne
Needle Neck (the) Nofe
New-Guinea Nails (the)
N.
- Mari iffou carmora
- Sacecaeran
- Nony
- Mari, or mare
- Brampinne bey
Oar (ati)
o.
CaborefTc.
Potatoes Packthread Pavilion (a] Pledge (a)
- Randzio.
- Ribbc
- Barbaran
- . Decaenne
Sugar-cane - - Camaenne
Straw hat of a conical form - Saraou
APPENDIX.
71
Sleep (to) |
- |
' |
Qiieneffe |
Soft water |
- |
- |
Houaerenne |
Scoop (a) for a |
boat |
- |
Canarenne |
Stuff made of i |
the bari |
: of |
|
trees |
- |
- |
Maran |
Stuffs (our) |
which |
they |
|
demand in exchange |
for |
||
their commodities |
- |
Decaille, cami |
|
Switch (a) |
- |
- |
Aye |
Sea (the) |
- |
- |
Mafainne |
Ship (a) |
- |
- |
Capara |
Speak (to) the |
Papou |
lan- |
|
guage |
- |
- |
Papoua doberea |
Sciurus palmarum |
- |
Ranbabe, couchou |
|
Saffron (Indian) |
- |
Inaerenne |
|
Sago |
- |
- |
Qiiioumi |
Sail (a) |
T |
Caouenne |
|
That is |
^ |
_ |
Omi |
*rhumb (the) |
- |
- |
Brapoucre |
Thigh (the) |
- |
- |
Hoiieffope |
Teeth (the) |
- |
- |
Nacoerenne |
Tin |
- |
- |
Saraca, faiuca |
Tongue (the) |
- |
- |
Damaran |
W. |
|||
Walk (to) |
- |
- |
Coreffe |
What is that |
- |
- |
Aziarofa |
Numerical Terms. |
|||
One |
~ |
_ |
Sai" |
Two |
- |
- |
Dou'ij foro |
72 APPENDIX.
Three - - Quioro
Four - - Fiaque
Five - . - Rima
Six - - Onem
Seven - - Fique
Eight - - Ouaran
Nine . • - - Siou
Ten - - Sarapourou
Hundied - - Caim
APPENDIX, 73
. - TABLES
OF THE
ROUTE OP THE ESPERANCE,
DURING THE YEARS
1791, 1792, 1/93, and 1794,
^ROM THE TIME OP HER LEAVING EUROPE TILL HER ARRIVAL AT SURABAYA.
N. B. Thefe tables fhew the pofition of the velTel at noon . the variation of the needle diilinguifhed hy fr.^ when obferved at the horizon at fun-rife ; hy Jf., when obferved at the horizon at fun-fet ; and by 02., when it is the refult of an azimuth obferva- tion; the degree of the thermometer according to Reaumur's fcale (it was a thermometer with mercury), the height of the barometer at noon; the diredion of the wind and the Hate of the weather.
u
APPENDIX.
TABLES OF THE ROUTE OF THE ESPERANCE.
Date.
1791.
September, ir 30 Odtober.
3 4 6 8 so
12
At Teneilffe. 1 3
25 26 27
28
November.
24
Latitude
North by
Obfcrvation.
4-7 4.1 20 4.7 7 30
45 46,36 45 36 38 42 49 58 38 23 29
34 8 29 26 iS
28 29 55
25 22 9
23 31 59 21 32 45
19 58 47
17 5^ 14 56 49 13 6 19
10 23 49
9 ^ 36
9 7
9 I
8 23
49 38
I 36
45 29
9 34
00 46
5i 54 32 56
5 3 ^9
4 42 26 4 30 3 4 28 39
3 49 00 3 16 55
Latitude
North by
Computation.
47 43 00
47 2 00
46 46 30 46 35 10
45 59 20 45 38 00 43 3 18 38 27 00
34 4 14 i-9 32 38
25 21 36 23 41 20 21 24 38
20 3 19
17 53 00 14 52 00
13 5 44
12 8 18
10 26 2
9 6 19
8 55 36
8 59 38 8 22 00 7 43 H
7 9 4
6 47 3
53 38 19 25 56 26
44 34
31 19
13 40
3 46
4 4^ 58
4 4^^ ^9 4 =3 38
4 17 39
3 30 46 2 59 00
Longitude
Weft by
Obfcrvation.
Longitude
Wert by
Computation.
— |
— |
|
10 |
^3 |
00 |
II |
14 |
24 |
n |
58 |
00 |
17 |
25 |
00 |
18 |
53 |
10 |
18 |
3S |
12 |
20 |
16 |
36 |
20 |
59 |
46 |
21 |
55 |
30 |
22 |
24 |
12 |
23 |
»9 |
54 |
22 |
35 |
43 |
21 |
28 |
00 |
21 |
6 |
00 |
20 |
53 |
45 |
20 |
38 |
10 |
" |
||
19 |
49 |
50 |
19 |
46 |
12 |
19 |
49 |
10 |
19 |
47 |
14 |
19 |
46 |
24 |
20 |
6 |
18 |
— |
||
20 |
12 |
45 |
10 |
26 |
36 |
18 |
38 |
24 |
18 |
56 |
18 |
20 |
49 |
13 |
9 36 40
10 24 18
10 59 30
10 56 18
10 38 00
11 17 10
13 47 36
16 24 12
17 48 14
18 36 36
19 24 32
19 59 36
20 44 10
21 71; 21 29 38
21 37 40
21 25 38
21 12 19
20 10 00
9 iS 19 9 24 36 9 15 18 8 49 30 8 23 12
S 19 17
8 6 34
8 4 18 8 6 12 8 8 37 8 14 50 8 27 36 8 59 974
8 47
8 34 10 8 8 37
8 7 12
8 45 10
9 56 00
Variation of the Needle Weft.
22 36 00
fr. |
21 39 00 |
ff. |
19 59 00 |
fT. 18 56 00
fr. 18 9 9
fr. 17 38 10
fr. 16 44 GO
ff. ff. |
15 »4 |
19 32 |
oo 00 |
— |
— |
||
(T. |
12 |
43 |
00 |
fr. |
12 |
39 |
20 |
ff. 14 38 00
fr. 14 20 20
fr. ff.
13 34 00
I? 36 32
13 39 18
13 59 4
fr. X3 42 36 fr. 14 36 3
APPENDIX.
TABLES OF THE ROUTE OF THE ESPERANCE.
75
Variation of the Needle Weft.
September. 29
30 Oftober.
2
3 4 6 S
JO
J 2
»3
25 26 8.7
^8
30 I
2 3 4- 5 6
7
S
Z2
J3 »4 »5
18
»9
10 21
az. 21 10 57
az. 21 26 ou
az. 19 29 00
az. x6 38 00
az. 16 49 37 az. 14 47 34
Therm.
az. 14 15 35
az. 14 37 z4 az. J4 49 36
az. 14 26 30
16,0 16,0 16,1 16,2
14.4 16,5 16,0 17.1
Barometer.
1.
2,9 3.7
3.9
4,2
3.6 1,0 3.6 2,9 2,9 3.8
28 2,0
19,0
19. 5 19,5
19,0
19,8 21,0
22, 0 21,8 22,2 22,8 22,8 22,5 22,3 22,5
2J,7
21,9
22,9 22,9
23,0 22,5 22,9 22,5 22,0
22,0
22,0 21,3
22,0 21,6
28
3.0 2,8
8 3,0 ,8 2,5
28
3.0 2,6
2.5 2,9 2,9
2,4
2,3 2,8
2,2 2,4
28 2,8
28 3,0
Wind and State of the Weather.
1.9 2,0
1.9 2,0
2.5
2,0
1.9 2,0 1,8
I.I
o,S 1.2
E. Pretty briflc, cloudy
E.S.E. Calm, overcaft
N. Variable, calm, overcaft
W.S.W. Calm, overcaft
N.W. Very little wind, overcaft
W.N.W. Brifk, overcaft, hail
N.N.E. A fine breeze, cloudy
N.E. Briflc, hail
N.N.E. Brifk, overcaft, bail
N, A fine breeze, fair
C N. A fine breeze, dear, after-
l wards cloudy. N.E. Rather brifk, cloudy N.E. A fine breeze, fair weather E.N.E, A frcfb breeze, very fine
k E.N.E. A frefh breeze, cloudy,
i afterwards clear N.E. Little wind, fair N.E^ N. Light breeze, clear N.E.^ N. Fine breeze, cloudy E. Variable, overcaft, Iformy N.E JN. Brifk, cloudy N.E. Brifk wind, cloudy Calm, cloudy, Itorroy Calm, ftormy
N.E| E. Very little wind, ftormy E.NE. A light breeze, ftormy
C E.S.E.Brifk, variable, cloudy,
I rain
CE N. E. Very little wind,
X cloudy, afterwards fercne Calm, ratlier cloudy E.S.E. Little wind, fair
8.E. Very little wind, fair
!?.£. Hail, calm, overcalf, rain
S.S.E. Little wind, cloudy
S.S E. Little wind, rain
Calm, rain
5 S.S. W. Little wind, fair; af-
l terwards rain
S S.V/. Variable,brlfk, very wet
S.S-W. Guitsof wmd, hail, rain C E.S.E. Nearly calm, overcaft, I rain
^.S.E. Moderate breeze, hail
S.S.E. fine breeze, hail
f2
76
APPENDIX.
TABLES OP THE ROUTE OF THE ESPERANCE.
Date, |
Latitude |
Lati'tude |
Longitude |
Longitude |
Variation of the |
|
17,91- |
North by |
North by |
Weft by |
Weft by |
Needle Weft. |
|
Obfervation. ( |
IJomputation. |
Obfervation. Computation. |
||||
0 / " |
0 t It |
0 ' " |
0 ' /' |
0 ' " |
||
November. 25 |
2 58 00 |
a 53 34 |
22 6 12 |
20 54 00 |
ff. |
14 28 36 |
z6 |
* 5 37 |
2 I 55 |
23 19 36 |
21 33 4 |
ff. |
12 29 00 |
27 |
I 20 19 |
T 17 57 |
24 19 20 |
22 14 7 |
ff. |
M 42 00 |
28 ■ |
0 30 55 UATITUDt. ■ fouth. |
0 36 35 LATITUDE, fouth. |
25 17 13 |
22 38 49 |
Ir. |
II 18 00 |
29 |
0 39 12 |
0 26 12 |
26 19 36 |
23 19 3c |
ff. |
10 44 51 |
30 |
I 3^ 49 |
I 34 19 |
27 12 18 |
24 6 IC |
do. |
8 46 00 |
December. i |
2 34- 49 |
2 34 20 |
28 12 17 |
24 36 10 |
do. |
8 19 24 |
2 |
3 5^ 25 |
3 49 35 |
29 4 lo |
24 59 38 |
do. |
S 58 47 |
3 |
5 10 26 |
5 4 26 |
30 8 3 |
25 29 37 |
do. |
7 49 iS |
4- |
6 28 35 |
6 15 54- |
30 42 36 |
25 56 14 |
do. |
7 14 5^5 |
5 |
7 34- 31 |
7 24 34 |
30 58 14 |
26 a 6 |
do. |
6 56 18 |
6 |
9 2 36 |
8 57 19 |
31 19 26 |
26 S " |
do. |
5 24 48 |
7 |
10 34- 26 |
10 24 25 |
31 43 40 |
26 24 36 |
do. |
5 26 30 |
8 |
II 43 12 |
II 38 56 |
31 38 17 |
^5 59 38 |
do. |
3 49 19 |
9 |
12 46 33 |
12 33 18 |
31 8 14 |
25 28 34 |
do. |
4 16 56 |
3 0 |
14 14 24 |
14 4 25 |
,30 29 38 |
24 38 39 |
do. |
3 58 00 |
11 |
15 4* 46 |
15 41 26 |
29 43 12 |
23 43 39 |
do. |
4 8 54 |
' V ' 3 2 |
16 56 13 |
16 47 48 |
29 6 38 |
23 6 32 |
do. |
5 13 36 |
13 |
18 6 20 |
17 56 28 |
28 38 40 |
22 39 42 |
do. |
5 00 00 |
'4 |
19 9 36 |
19 6 34 |
28 19 34 |
23 26 10 |
do. |
5 17 26 |
20 32 19 |
28 26 12 |
22 26 18 |
do. |
4 46 00 |
||
15 |
||||||
36 |
22 16 27 |
22 3 59 |
28 38 44 |
22 27 12 |
do. |
5 18 17 |
?7 |
23 48 14 |
23 27 13 |
29 15 36 |
2 2 54 10 |
do. |
4 18 4& |
38 |
25 20 32 |
25 9 24 |
29 27 18 |
23 19 4 |
ir. |
I 56 39 |
39 |
26 35 17 |
26 32 27 |
29 29 4 |
23 7 14 |
do. |
2 54 00 |
2C |
27 28 25 |
27 18 59 |
28 18 3S |
22 8 3 |
do. |
3 36 00 |
28 6 44 |
25 43 10 |
19 48 2 |
ff. |
4 46 34 |
||
21 |
||||||
28 49 48 |
28 32 59 28 33 36 |
24 6 36 22 44 34 |
iS 9 4 16 49 3 |
|||
%1 |
||||||
23 |
||||||
27 49 58 |
27 57 2? 28 19 3-: - ,29 16 3C |
22 9 36 22 26 iS |
1623 6 16 44 7 17 22 18 17 16 j8 |
|||
24 |
||||||
*5 26 |
||||||
29 33 54 |
22 54 iC . -^ 3« 17 |
|||||
27 |
30 44 45 |
30 42 5^ |
||||
2S |
31 16 2J |
- 30 5^ 5^ |
- 21 56 14 |
16 26 ig |
ff. |
5 3^ 30 |
as |
31--32 5^ |
" 31 23 2^ 31 38 44 |
r 19 49 38 |
14 34 17 12 46 14 |
fr. |
6 14 49 |
3"^ |
31 49 3; |
I- 17 45 ^7 |
||||
3' |
32 6 \', |
32 4 3 = |
- 15 44 ^2 |
10 58 J1 |
fr. |
5 54 ^2 |
APPENDIX,
71
TABLES OF THE ROUTE OF THE ESPERANCE.
Date,
1791.
Variation of the Needle Weft.
Wind and State of the Weather.
November. 2 5 a 6 27 a8
December.
az. 12 16 56 az. II 33 19 az. II 23 14
az. 8 39 5
21,9
21,5 21,7
21,2
21,3 21,2
fr. 7 22 54. 21,3
az. 7 36 j8j 21,4
fr. 6 -^9 49 21,5
az- 5 24 55 2x,5
fr. 5 18 17! 21,6
3 44 i^ 3 58 36
3 48 00
II |
Ir. |
.4 |
5 |
00 |
12 |
az. |
5 |
18 |
12 |
13 |
az. |
5 |
49 |
54 |
14 |
az. |
5 |
3 5 |
1 1 |
24
25 26
,-,1
az. 5 i8 36
az. 4 65
az. 2 36 44|
az- 3 33 39
az. 4 i8 53
az. 5 52 36
az. 5 49 32
28 az. 6 46
az. 6 ^5 o(
6 i(
21,0
20,7
20,5 20,5
20,5
20,3 20,2
20,3
20,4
19. 5 19,0
i9'4 19=4 19,0
19 = 3
iS,o 17,6 18,6
i",7
17.8 17.8 17,6
Us
i>3
2,1
1,8 ^>3
.6 2,0
8 2,1
.8 2,3
.8 2,7
,8 2,7
:8 2,8
I '8 ii8
2>5 2,8 3'5 3>6
28 |
3.9 |
18 |
4,0 |
28 |
4,2 |
i8 |
2.,9 |
28 |
5>- |
i8 |
-^-o |
z8 |
4.5 |
3 5
3,^
5.3
4.0
, o
4>5 3.9 3>9 3 9 c.o
S.S.E. A moderate breeze, hazy
Ditto
S.E. A light breeze, hazy
S.EJ S. Moderate breeze, fair
Ditto
il^. Moderate breeze, hazy C S.E. MoJerate breeze, hazj'', \ atterwards clear CS. EJ E. Moderate breeze, \ hazy, fair Ditto
E.S.E. Light breeze, hazy, fair E| S.E. Light breeze, hazy, fair El S.E. Fine breeze, hazj', fair E. Moderate breeze, hazy, fair ^ E| N. E. Moderate breeze, \ hazy, fair
e E.N.E. Moderate breeze, fair, \ a little rain
N.E;: E. Fine breeze, hazy, fair Ditto
5 From N.E. to E. Fine breeze, }_ hazy, fair
£5 N.E. Moderate, hazy, fair £. Light breeze, fair 5Ei S.E. Guftsof wind, fhow- i ers of hail
E|: S.E. Mod. breeze, hazy, fair £' S.E. P'ine breeze, hazy, fair. Ditto
R. Moderate breeze, overcaft 5 From E. to N. Moderate br. i fair, rather hazy CN. N.W. Moderate breeze, \ fair, rather hazy <. N. W.W.N.W. Light breeze, 2 cloudy, rain W.S.S E. Briflc, cloudy b.S.E. E.S.E. Briikgale, cloudy S.E. Fine breeze, cloudy, r:iin I'.Eg: E. Moderate breeze, cloudy K. Moderate, cloudy, fair N.E.N. Little wind, fair N'iN.E. Moderate, fair M. Moderate, fair ln'.N.E, Moderate, fair
78 APPENDIX.
TABLES OF THE ROUTE OF THE ESPERANCE.
Datz, 179 a. |
Latitude South by Obfervativin. |
Latitude South by Computation |
Longitude Weft by Obfervacion. |
Longitude Weft by Computaiion |
Variation of the Needle Weft. |
|
0 ' " |
0 '•' |
0 / // |
0 ' " |
0 ' '/ |
||
January, |
3 2 |
3* '9 55 |
31 22 34 3* x8 38 32 35 44 3a 42 24 |
n 34 39 9 35 17 9 8 49 7 12 17 |
9 4 8 |
Tr. 5 49 18 do. 7 57 19 do. 10 55 24 |
• 3 4 |
3* 4-2 43 32 49 34 |
7 9 *3 4 59 J2 3 14 8 |
||||
S |
34 55 46 |
32 51 38 |
5 59 14 |
2 14 7 |
ff. 13 37 28 |
|
.-r... |
6 7 |
3* 56 40 3* J5 40 |
32 52 37 32 48 12 |
4 17 12 I II 10 tONGITODE ealt. |
0 39 18 LONGITUDE eaft. 2 z6 19 |
do. 14 44 00 do. 16 3 29 |
8 |
3i 58 17 |
S* S6 34 |
I 53 36 |
5 23 36 |
||
9 |
3« 57 3« |
32 3 24 |
4 3 18 |
7 2 34 |
do. J 7 49 00 |
|
JO |
33 00 *4 |
32 58 56 |
4 46 19 |
7 35 39 |
fr. 20 14 00 |
|
• |
12 |
3« 47 36 3* 55 »4 |
30 z 14 33 3 24 |
5 i7 34 7 14 19 |
8 14 36 9 49 H |
ff. 21 54 49 |
33 |
32 52 J2 |
32 59 12 |
8 53 48 |
11 34 42 |
fr. 21 46 00 |
|
' |
34 15 |
33 14 54 33 36 30 |
33 23 26 33 40 10 |
10 44 17 12 6 16 |
13 12 48 H 32 H |
fl". 22 17 2% fr. 22 54 36 |
26 |
34 3 29 |
34 S 18 |
15 37 10 |
17 3 12 |
fr. 24 14 16 |
|
At the Capt of Gooc Hope. February. |
17 18 J 9 20 ai |
34 8 54 |
34 17 4 34 12 3 34 38 44 35 52 42 35 9 »^ |
J7 24 36 19 27 48 |
16 8 34 15 33 10 16 24 18 18 14 36 19 38 47 |
ff. 24 19 34 |
fi". 23 10 49 (i\ 25 14 19 |
||||||
34 46 19 34 59 16 |
||||||
»^. |
34 55 54 |
34 54 14 |
20 8 45 |
20 19 58 |
ff. 26 19 5 |
|
- |
13 »4 |
34 35 19 34 l5 12. |
34 4^ 50 34 17 52 |
22 12 4 24 42 10 |
22 17 54 25 26 12 |
fr. 25 42 10 fl". 27 25 00 |
25 i7 |
34 12 00 |
33 55 »2 35 9 14 35 5 10 |
24 18 13 26 4 20 27. 3 3^ |
25 16 4 24 48 00 27 24 00 |
fr. 27 14 00 ff. 28 10 TO fr. 28 12 14 |
|
35 24 10 |
||||||
38 |
35 18 46 |
35 22 4 |
28 22 34 |
28 8 14 |
a: 28 6 14 |
|
29 |
r |
3 5 35 43 |
29 46 32 |
do. 28 J 2 00 |
||
Marcli. |
I |
35 J6 36 |
3 5 22 5+ |
32 59 4 |
32 37 34 |
do. 28 34 3 |
2 |
34 45 34 |
34 59 26 |
35 43 36 |
36 13 34 |
do. 28 46 00 |
APPENDIX. 7^
TABLES OF THE ROUTE OP THE ESPERANCE.
Variation of the Needle Weft.
az. 6 6 55
az, 6 56 00 az. 9 59 z5 az. 13 34 59
az. 13 4.6 18
az. 15 18 49
56
at. 16 39
az. 17 31
az. 19 19
az. 10 2^9
az. 21 59 44
az. 22 14. 32
fl'. 23 i3 4.S
17,7
az. 15 38 39 18,0 28 x,7 Nf N.W. Brifk, fai
2S
28
4,0
4.9
Wind and State of the Weather.
rN.N.E. N^N.E. Moderate,
I hazy, fair Ditto
NJ N.R.N. Breeze, hazy, fair NJ N.E.N. Moderate, fair
CN.N.N.E. Little wind, clou-
1 dy, fair N. Moderate, fair
az. |
24 iS 55 |
az. |
24 t2 36 |
az. |
Z3 16 10 |
az. |
24. 59 12 |
az. |
26 39 8 |
a: |
25 4.8 00 |
az. |
£7 1 5 00 |
az. |
28 17 59 |
az. |
28 9 36 |
az. |
28 18 36 |
az. |
28 58 00 |
az |
28 24 36 |
i>5
1,9
N.N.W. Fine breeze, clear,
afterwards hazy H. N.W. N^ N.E, Little
wind, fome rain, fair N.W. Little wind, afterward*
calm, fair W.N.W. Very little wind, . fair, afterwards foggy W. Very little wind, fair, hazy f W.S.W. W. Moderate, hazy, I afterwards clear VV. Mod. hazy, afterwards clear W.N.W. Moderate, haz^, fair N.N.W. N. Fine bi^eze, cloudy, fome rain
S.S.E. Squally, cloudy, rain S. S.S.W. Moderate breeze, hazv 3.S.W. W.S.W. Mod. br.hazjr W. N.N.W. Erifk, cloudy N.W. Fine breeze, cloudy
f W.S.W. N.N.W. Light br,
I tolerably fair W.N. W.W.Bn(k,tolerablyfine W.S.W. A fnurt gale, fair, hail
VEIrN.E. Smart gaic> aftei
l_ v/ards iioht breeze, clear E N E. N.E^ Smart pale, fine N.W. Light breeze, fair
f S.W. Liitle wind, aftciw.-.rdi
I ca m, fair N.E. Mod.br f.ur,afterw, cloudy
yW. W.N.W. Bnfk, rtoriny,
I then fair N.W. Fuie \n\ fair, rather cloudy
$0
APPENDIX.
TABLES OE THE ROUTE OF THE ESPEB.ANCE.
Date.
I79--
■'4
Latitude
South by
Obfervatioii.
31
34- 32 00 34- 35 37
34- 4-1 52
35 23 1^5 34- 54 14 g
35 4'-
36 2a 36 44
36 43 34
37 16 49
3<5 13 44
36 53 5i
37 57 55
38 a 47 38 12 38
38 30 37
38- 20 42
35 9 45 37 15 44
36 49 36
37 4 49
36 48 50
37 33 <> 3S 45 34
39 23 34
39 54 49
40 42 26 40 56 18
3 40 45 10
41 3 36
41 34 00
42- 5 18
42 15 :6
Latitude
South by
Computation;
34 32 H
34 38 44
34 40 54
34 4^ 34
34 41 36
35 29 M 35 6 2
35 54 34
36 8 14 36 44 52
36 48 34
37 II 39
36 18 4
36 49 34
37 46 ^4
38 4 36 38 6 27 38 9 4 38 ^4 3
38 28 14
38 22 45
37 14 36
36 5+ 33
37 18 49
36 54 12
37 33 48
39 -4 12
39 30 58
40 7 55
41 2 26 41 9 18
40 34. oc
41 19 26
41 46 II
42 18 14
42 17 10 42 32 16
Longitude
Lift by
Obfeivation.
Longitude
Eaft by
Ci/tTiputation
V.iriation of the Needle Weft.
38 14 18
42 22 12
43 36 4'}-
44 3 35 44 54 18
47 4 34 49 25 32 5^ 54 38
53 13 19
53 33 46
54 5 43
54 3:9 24
55 53 52
59 12 60 18 |
34 20 |
61 54 |
36 |
64 16 |
12 |
68 4 68 43 70 48 72 8 |
18 47 10 10 |
74 24 |
18 |
80 4 |
32 |
82 23. |
36 |
84 59 |
H |
88 14 |
^9 |
90 26 |
18 |
93 59 96 58 |
4 38 |
lOo 25 |
19 |
106 35 |
36 |
38 x6,54
40
42
43 T4
8 3
44 8 13
44 58 4
46 22 2,
46 58 3
49 14 J 3
52 44 36
52
^6 12
53 34- 6
54 9 34 54 38 34
56 8 52
57 49 12
58 45 10
60 4 8
61 33 16
64 18 oc
66 34 20
67 59 32
68 38 44 70 58 10 7' 59 4 74 8 19 77 51 4 79 48 2
82 14 49
85 3 40 87 4S lO
90 22 14
93 5 4 '96 41 38
100 18 8
104 7 3 106 49 39
fr. 30 36 52
{T.
27 34 19
fT. 26
Ir. 26
ff. 26
fr. 26
ff. s6
fC. 24
fl". 24
49 50 30 00
34 38
24 00
13 15
49 39 26 00
fT. 24 I'r. 25
fr. 23
ff. 24 ir. 23
59 00 32 19
19 48
46 38 48 15
fr. 23 14 52
fr. 20 fl". 20
a. 17
6 19 15 12
43 39
fl- i5 4 53
fr. 18 16 10 (T. 19 8 10
fT. 13 14 11
APPENDIX 8:
tAtlES OP THE BOUTE OF THE SSPERANCE,
, |
|||||
Date, |
VariiDon ot thi |
||||
179^- |
Needle Weft. |
rhtn. |
') 11 |
oir.eu |
|
0 ' " |
0 |
1. |
|||
ATarch. |
3 |
zz 30 4.S s |
18,5 |
8 |
3.0 |
4 |
|
18 0 |
, 0 |
3=3 |
|
5 |
17.' |
-g |
2,4 |
||
6 |
?z. 28 56 20 |
IS, 7 |
■s |
3.0 |
|
1 |
az. 27 14 14 |
17 0 |
zi |
4>o |
|
% |
_^ |
iS |
-.8 |
39 |
|
9 |
|
>5: |
iS |
5>" |
|
10 |
|
16,. |
8 |
6,- |
|
i\ |
az. 26 54. 19 |
17,0 |
%% |
3 0 |
|
Ja |
'7,0 |
1 8 |
2,9 |
||
13 |
az. 26 4.5 3^; |
16,^ |
z% |
5 -^ |
|
14 |
az. 26 39 00 |
16,0 |
18 |
5.0 |
|
15 |
|
i5.<», |
zS |
63 |
|
i5 |
az. 24 5z II |
J4,8 |
^8 |
70 |
|
x;' |
az. 24. 37 4 |
15 0 |
28 |
5.9 |
|
18 |
az. 25 41 00 |
16,0 |
8 |
5.0 |
|
^9 |
az. 24 26 0. |
160 |
28 |
6 0 |
|
ao |
az. 25 36 24 |
16 0 |
z% |
6.5 |
|
ai |
az. 25 36 00 |
15.0 |
28 |
5 5 |
|
aa |
|
15.0 |
28 |
3:8 |
|
23 |
|
13.9 |
28 |
36 |
|
■24 |
_ |
ISO |
28 |
56 |
|
25 |
|
13 3 |
28 |
6 0 |
|
26 |
az. 79 3*. 54 |
14 0 |
28 |
5 0, |
|
27 |
|
«3.s |
8 |
58 |
|
28 |
fr. 18 44 56 |
15Q |
28 |
1 0 |
|
29 |
— |
15 0 |
zS |
11,1 |
|
30 |
. |
13 0 |
V |
10,0 |
|
31 |
— |
JO,C |
27 |
'».9 |
|
April. |
J |
az. 13 24 jc |
io,c |
28 |
7 0 |
2 |
^ |
I0,O |
27 |
9.0 |
|
? |
az. 17 44 4S |
85 |
28 |
2.5 |
|
4 |
12,1 |
28 |
2>3 |
||
5 |
az. 17 59 16 |
12 5 |
28 |
3.0 |
|
6 |
|
13.0 |
28 |
3.^ |
|
:r |
•■-^ ■ |
11. 0 |
28 |
».7 |
|
i |
fr. 14 5? 52' |
io,S |
28 |
3.0 |
Wliul jnd State ot L.he Weather.
N. Pretty Virlrtc, fa'r f N E. iN. Biik, afterwards i liftlc vv.'ii;!, vcrv cloudy iSI.El- N. M(J: br. cloutiv, raia V'L\.W. Modcjiite, artiwards X caim, 'air, laihercl u 'v ..S E. S. Liglu breeze, cloudy E.S.E N N.S. Lir'ht fcr.ciouay Fio;nN.W.,(,S d W. 'ir. cloudy 5 E.S.E. E.N.F. Fine biecze, I cloudy a lutle rain .^.E. -!'•,. N N 1£ Finebr.clcvidy N.N.i{. Fine bretrze, cloudy CNN.E. Little wind, then X calm, cloudy, afterwards fine 5E.6E. E.N E. Very light I brwere, dark :-: S.E. S.S-E. Mod br. darh S E. E. Modciatc breeze, dark £ N E Moderate breere, dark N.F. N.N. W. Mud. br. dark VV.N VV. N. W L ght br. t.ifr N N E N.E. Vciy light br. fair fl-.N.E. N.N.E. 'Moder>tc, X Very fine
N N.l'.N N.W.Briik-vind fair W.S. Brifk, fair, then cloudy S'. S.> E. Brilk, cloudy S.' S S '»V. Light breeze, fair W S. Miderate Sreeze, fair i>.W S.E Light breeze, fair N.N.VV. i.-:rifk. h.-zy N'.N.W. Biiflc, afinebr. hazy C W. N. SquaKy, cioujy, ahttie
C N.W S. W. Hail, brilk wind, I hazy, h.iil
5 W.b.W. N. N.W. Strong br. X lia7y, hai!
cN.N.V/. S.S.W. Strong br. X ha-'V. much hail C S.S.W. Strong br. hazy, much \ haii .
S.W. N W. Finebr. h-.zy, fair W.N.W i* ):.e '^reeiej huzy, fair CW.N.W. N.W. strong br. I c oucy, fair cN.v^'. Brifk. W.S.W. Mo- l derate, cloudy, na^y, rain W.S.W. W. A tine br. hazy
g
82:
APPENDIX.
TABLES OF TH2 ROUTE OF THE ESPEUANCE.
_—*————' |
L.ititude South oy Obfrvation |
Latitude bouth by 0 >mpatatio .. |
L'Jilgitude E..ft by Obfcrv.dlio'i. |
Longitude Eft by Comput tioi' |
|||
Datf, 179a. |
V<.;ia'J',n oF the Needle VVttt. |
||||||
0 ' " |
0 ' // |
0 ' " |
0 > " |
0 ' "■ |
|||
April. |
S 10 It |
42 36 34 42 59 32 43 '4 43 |
110 8 12 114 35 J.L |
ir. |
14 18 30 |
||
116 59 18 |
|||||||
4-i 54 33 |
|||||||
12 |
42 42 46 41 36 12 42 3 10 42 18 19 42 42 15 44 7 5+ |
119 36 2 120 51 4 123 32 :; 127 27 3 129 41 4 131 32 li |
ff. |
8 14 19 |
|||
17 |
41 2 5C 4^ 5 i& 42 24 25 |
123 48 I ? 128 42 11 |
IT. |
||||
1 54 00 E.iit. |
|||||||
18 |
44 32 35 |
136 14 4 135 i3 i& |
(T. |
294 |
|||
19 |
43 3a 53 |
44 33 24 |
138 22 3 139 5 19 |
Ir. |
1 59 3^ |
||
At Dieman's Laud. May. |
so 14 16 25 26 27 |
43 48 55^ 43 3^ 19 43 30 53 |
44 8 32 |
141 59 32 144 48 4 |
141 59 30 144 48 2 145 14 4 145 18 2 145 22 I 145 24. 2 146 57 19 150 3 8 |
ff. |
5 56 40 |
43 33 36 43 21 13 43 5 a 43 36 42 35 3a 40 55 4 |
|||||||
43 10 5£ |
|||||||
43 38 23 |
746 54 19 |
||||||
2y 30 |
|||||||
31 |
39 12 34 |
39 18 2 |
152 4 1 |
|
|||
June. |
I 2 3 |
37 »& 4' 35 '^4 3" 34 43 57 |
37 14 36 35 28 14 34 5'- 3^ |
153 48 13 155 38 14 ■ 156 12 18 |
154 20 19 155 5^ S° 156 28 4 |
fT. ir. |
10 50 4 10 8 00 |
4 |
34 35 4/ |
34 26 4 |
158 4 8 |
157 46 2 |
ff. |
n 22 4» |
|
, |
5 6 |
• 34 5^ i£ |
34 33 48 34 -54 12 32 42 48 -9 3S' 54 2S ' is 4z -7 38 5 ■ 27 '9 It: 25 48 44 24 42 2 . |
159 42 54 16 1 18 24 162 52 14 163 13 4 164 23 10 16^ 13 4 165 28 46 |
159 IS 3 159 10 2 161 18 54 162 29 6 163 i{ 36 163 3s 34 1 54 14 8 165 8 10 165 1} 46 165- 24 6 |
Jr. |
" 5S 34- |
34 45 52 32 3^ 3'? 29 5a 54 2S 21 46 |
|||||||
/ |
V 8 9 10 1 1 12 13 |
Ir. fl" if. Ir. fl; fl. |
12 38 50 II 54 5» II 23 34. It 18 IX I I 42 09 II 58 14. |
||||
27 10 40 25 51 25 24 42 II 24 18 oc |
|||||||
H |
24 12 4.;. |
||||||
15 16 |
23 57 43 23 6 J4 |
23 57 31 23 8 24 |
165 18 oc ^65 13 00 |
165 24 oc 164 59 oc |
fl" |
II 19 3» 10 40 %9 |
: APPENDIX. 83
TABLES OF THE ROUTE OF THE ESPERANCE.
D Alt,
1792
April.
18
v'iirution ot u Needle Weft. ih.rni | BaroTi.
Wind and State of the Weather.
14 j6
3 34- 4
Eali. 2 34.
5 51 I
11,8
" 5 to,/
9-0 9,2
«.5 10,0
12,0
12,5
I2;0 ^1.5
28
^7
Ji,6
0;5 3.0 7 5
N.W. A fine bree7e, hizy, fair ' N'.W. Bi ilk p,. cl')udy,a artlerain ' N W. W. Moderate br. cloudy 'S,W. S. Moderate breeze,
ftjually, c'oud.y, fleet
£. S S.E. Verv (q. cl. fleet
S.E. W S.W. Biiflc, tair, fleet
27 1.0,0 S.W. S.nartp-. fqually, ha7y,llcet ■'^8 3,1 ^V.S-W.Fineb,.f:ur,ratherhazy
tS
4j7
4>5
28 ij
v'.S.W. Smart gale, cloudy, fleet
C W.S.W. W. Fine breeze, C cloudy, fume riin 5 VV. Fine hr, cloudy, a little d rain at night VV. Fine br. cloudy, much rain
^z- 7 38 42 \-
az. 8 26 37
az |
-7 |
4.S |
' 0 |
|
|
||
— |
— |
||
az |
9 |
56 |
59 |
az |
1 1 |
38 |
3 |
az. |
II |
48 |
00 |
a^. |
11 |
53 |
39 |
ir. |
13 |
8 |
12 |
.1Z. |
1 1 |
8 |
4 "5 |
az. |
1 1 |
38 |
5' |
az. |
10 |
45 |
19 |
8,0
10,0
10,2
9 °
9,0
9>^
12,0
,12,5
13,0
14 8
■ 27
27
.28
18
60 94 ■')'j 30
2'7
27 11,0
103 7,5
27 ii;5
28 0,5 28 30 i8 4.0
14,8 jzS 3,5 15,0 J28 0,3
140
15,0
15 o
J5;5
16 o 16 4
17,0 J 8,0
18,0
■ 7 no
28
xo o
0.5
2 5
3>o 2.3
-»9
3 •-
3 4
3.5 3)6
S.W.. Squally, rain, fleet N. M 'derate breeze, fair N. Mod. breeze, hazy W. Little wind, fair Calm, c'oudy, fome rain Amjita cea-l ca m, fair f Caim, a-br ft: N. wmd, ftrene, i atterwards h izy i^.VV. S.\f\\ Crilk, cl. foaie rain S.vV.S.S.vV Smii-tg. cl. fleet CS.S.E. ;.Mna;t ^aie, very un- i ravoiiiabk weath-r ' ,
ii. S.S.E. Mod br. cl. tlnn clear .^. Mod. br. t.iv
S.W. N.W. Light br. fair 5N.N.W Littii vvinl, after- t wards nio .. br. tar hazv tN.N.W. N.N.E. Gulh of t wmd, ci. rain m the nigut i N. W. Very varia'tue, 1i tie I wind, fliormy, cio idj, r in ,
J VV. S. Moc. br. haz), fl«.et
^.W, Fme br. hdzy
S. W.^Mod. br. hazy
S.W. LioJK br thtn calm, cloudy
W.N. W.N.N ^V.Ligntbr.fair
i\.W. VV. .Mod. br. ta..
\V. W.S.W. Light b'. hazy 4 W.-^.W. W.N.W Li^;htbr.
I atcciwa <is cai::i, ci'udy
-. Vv . Vt:ry lit' e win '. cloudy
W.S.W. Light or; lerene
S^
^^ APPENDIX.
TABLES OF THE ROUTE OF THE ESPI:RA.K'C^.
Dhts.
1792.
At New J;tland,
Siiu;h by Obferva-i .r..
LatHuJc Sputh by li>fr. utaiion
0 |
, |
// |
■zz |
4-9 |
3B |
23 |
4 4^ |
|
zz |
4.2 |
i3 |
22 |
6 |
42 |
21 |
49 |
34 |
21 |
3^ |
i^ |
21 |
45 |
27 |
21 |
3« |
19 |
21 |
^2 |
5S |
21 |
20 |
4f |
20 |
s8 |
00 |
20 |
6 |
^ |
?9 |
26 |
49 |
18 |
47 |
54 |
i2 |
9 |
16 |
17 |
21 |
18 |
16 |
46 |
5i |
15 |
45 |
48 |
14 |
27 |
39 |
'2 |
48 |
16 |
10 |
52 |
34 |
S |
51 |
14 |
7 |
26 |
43 |
6 |
59 |
32 |
6 |
13 |
24 |
5 |
43 |
14 |
5 |
5 |
53 |
4 |
5« |
£ |
4 40 |
5S |
|
1 |
||
2 |
51 |
39 |
2 |
43 |
45' |
2 |
^Ir |
22 56 2
22 59 4
23 4 4^
2i 39 00
22 9 34 21 44 36
3^ 34 3/ a;^ 30 4S
32 44- 24 26 29 44
9 14
19 27 54
18 57 00
iS 5 52
17 32 46
16 45 48
15 54 48
14 17 59 12 48 46
10 56 19
8 47 17 7 31 4 6 58 44
6 37 26
6 24 52
5 44 34 5 22 4
5 5 30
4 4S Oc
4 41 P'
4 4 31
3 4^ 00
a 53 1.5 a 29. 36
Longituue . Enft by . 'bfVrvati
164 4-^. oc i-!4 35 3J 164 7 4+
164 7 9 163 36 52
162 49 38
iSz 46 2 0
162 39 28
162 36 39
162 22 2^
161 27 30
Longitodt
Eai\ by
Cornputition
V>riatio • jl the JNCtdlc Eaft.
i6i |
9 48 |
i6o |
34 6 |
^59 |
56 44 |
159 |
32 36 |
^57 |
38 2 |
155 |
59 ^ |
154 |
34 7 |
152 |
54 9 |
15^ |
18 12 |
15- |
9 4^ |
152 |
5 li'' |
152 |
6 0 |
15J |
8 4. |
150 |
J7 3 |
148 |
18 43 |
147 |
9 7 |
145 |
44 52 |
65 3 oc (T. 10 34 54 64 24 37 ciJ. 10 17 46
64 16 41 vio. 10 38 12
63 24 50
63 29 3^ 63 00 00
62 49 }2 62 38
6z 29 62 14 61 43
01 >2 61 19
60 40 00 48
JO IT. 60 22
'o 33 I a 26 10 34
10-54 io 00
1 u 'J
9 45
q 6
?o
24
S
7
00
48 38
5^
59 34 40
58 54 8
57 49 !<> 36 18 44
55 17 14
54 34 53 8 17
52 46 18
52 30 4
S"' 5 44 52 2 54 5152 8 51 35
SO 33
150 24 00 149 36 4
148 48 40
147 S
146 36 22
(10. 9 14 19
do. 8 17 4S
(.io. 8 9 38
Uo. 8 34 00
do., 3 ]+ CO
fri 6 44 26
do. 6 19 38 fl". 6 4^ 38
AFPENDIX.
TABLES QP THjE i^OVTE QP THE ESPERANCE.
D.lTE, |
"— --r |
V-iriirii-.n ot th |
' |
||
1:92- |
Nepdle Eiift. |
Tnerni. |
B.iromcier. |
Wind and State of the Weather. |
|
June, |
17 |
0 ' " fr. II 59 ?, |
0 i8,o |
p. 1. i8 2 6 |
S.W. Very little wln(^, dark |
iS |
1.. 11 4 37 |
18,0 |
iS 2,0 |
S.W. Light Hieeze, very fine Cb.S.W. W.S.W. Ligiu br. I lair, theu ha/y. |
|
19 |
fr. 10 52 39 |
17,0 |
i8 1,9 |
||
JS. S.3.W. Light br. briflc, ^ h.izyi tail - |
|||||
20 |
— " — ' |
16 < |
zS 1,9 |
||
21 |
IV. 10 8 CO |
17,0 |
18 3.3 |
$.3 W.S.S.E.Mod.br.ha2y,fair |
|
^ |
22 |
.... |
17 7 |
^■i 3.3 |
!j.E. Ligiu breeze, hazy |
25 |
,_ «__^ |
18,0 |
•8 1,0 |
*:. N.eI^ N. Lig-.t br. hazy, f ir |
|
w |
fr. 10 8 00 |
18,0 |
8 !i,o |
KiMmv^.VV. oS.W'. Mod.br. lair |
|
25 |
az. 10 4 3c |
18, c |
^8 3.U |
^.W. S S.W. Md- br. ttir |
|
26 |
fr. 9 53 38 |
18,0 |
8 2,3 |
S.W. Mod. br. lighibr. hazy |
|
»7 |
17,9 |
'.8 3»5 |
S-S W. Li':;h'- bieeze, hazy |
||
2g |
, |
17,0 |
■-3 4.0 |
5.S.I5. i^ine breeze, lleet |
|
iS 0 |
■8 4.0 ^3 4'0 l3 2;9 |
^ E. E.S.fc. Fiiu br. bnflc, hazy Ji;..S.E, .4o... b: . hizy, licet, ram ci.S.E. E. Mod. br. cu rain |
|||
29 |
18,3 19,0 |
||||
J«5y. |
30 |
||||
J |
20 0 |
'8 5,5 |
E. Mo *. br. c uudy |
||
3 |
- |
2 1,0 |
28 ^-;3 |
f£.N.E. N.E. Light br. cloudy CE.N'.E. N.E. Light br, ci. I a'ti-rwar 's I'erene |
|
4 |
fr. 9 $ 00 |
22, c |
.8 *,Q |
||
cN £ S.b.E. S E. Light br. I clouoy, ih n lerene |
|||||
5 |
fr. 9 4. 00 |
io,4 |
3,8 Jji |
||
6 |
20,0 |
28 i>i |
6.E. $.S E. Mud. br. hazy |
||
7 |
20,0 |
28 ^>6 |
S.E. h.S.F^. Mod. br. hazy, rain fS.S.E. Mod. br. rain, after- l w.irds lertne |
||
8 |
20,5 |
aS ijS |
|||
9 |
37, ? 23 15 |
21,0 |
23 Jj4 |
i.S.E. Mod. br. tloudy, hazy |
|
10 |
21 0 |
2,^ i>o |
b.S E. Mod. i->r. clouJy, hazy |
||
11 |
21,6 |
iS o>5 |
5 S.E. Bnlk gale, cloudy, v/ith l fiiowtis of rain |
||
^ S.E. E.S.E. Bri^ gS'f* c5. I with fhowers of rain |
|||||
17 |
22,0 |
23 i>o |
|||
53 15 |
210 |
^;^ 1-4 . >j 1 .0 |
"i.e. E.S E. Fair breeze, cloudy S.E. E.S.E. Fine br. rather ci. |
||
2Z 0 |
|||||
az. 4 48 7 |
22;0 |
'0 * 5^ i8 I50 |
E.S.E. S.S.E. Finpbr. fair |
||
j6 |
22,0 |
28 I'O |
j S E. S. F ne br. rain, after- |
||
l wards fair |
|||||
17 |
, |
22,0 |
28 1.3 |
S.S.E. Fine br. cloudy |
|
24. |
2 2 0 |
8 1-4 |
SS E, Mod. br. violent rain |
||
»5 |
|
21,.-' |
'.3 i,S |
J. S.E. Med. hr. cloudy, fleet |
|
26 |
21, C |
'.S 0,9 |
. E.S.E. S.E. Fine br. cloudy. |
||
I pretty fair |
|||||
■' |
' 21 ^ |
28 06 |
c S.E. Fine breeze, ftonny, af. \ terwards fair, variable |
||
27 |
IV 1. |
21,2 |
|||
a8 |
5 24 49 |
22,0 |
i3 0,4 |
S.E. Mod. breeze, fair |
86' APPENDIX.-
TABLES' OF THE ROUTE OF THE . ESPERANCK.
Liti'uJe I Lititjdc: South hy I Somh .y
25 30
3'
X
2 3 41
5 6
7 S
13
14
-'5 16
jS
19 20 21
22 23
2 19 5. I 45 oc
J 56 00
252
I 32 o I 37 17
I 36 5 I 18 00
o 45 39
o 17 24
o 3 19
N rth. o 9 oc
o 17 5?.
o 26 39
0 |
ro |
37 |
South |
||
0 |
5 |
3 |
0 N |
6 01 th |
34 |
0 |
7 |
29 |
0 |
14 |
12 |
0 |
9 |
4 |
Sc |
uth |
|
0 |
'7 |
30 |
0 |
13 |
46 |
0 |
12 |
37 |
0 |
2S |
46 |
0 |
46 |
i4 |
s iS 3^
2 6 34
2 912
s 10 '5
I 35 3 I 4y 47
I 49 5 1 I 3 4 J
P 53 39
o 26 34
o 7 47
o 1 00
North.
Loogiiu^e.
i,Jlt by -
Ob(erv.i'.i6n,
145 44 4(_ 145 28 43 144 59 46 ,143 4i 3^
142 34 10 141 I a.
0 |
10 |
£2 |
0 |
i2 |
43 |
So |
iitli |
. |
0 |
I |
32 |
0 |
17 |
3!^ |
0 |
17 |
34- |
0 |
6 |
^^ |
Nc |
jrtii |
|
0 |
2 |
14 |
So |
uth |
. |
6 |
8 |
38 |
c |
18 |
14 |
0 |
19 |
29 |
0 |
^9 |
14- |
0 |
15 |
37 |
0 |
33 |
59 |
0 |
55 |
19 |
i-S |
P 58 44 |
I |
!9 25 j6 |
I |
7 46. 30 |
i^ |
6 38 12 |
^35 59 43 |
|
135 16 54 |
|
134 38 12 |
|
133 32 oc |
|
133 3s 26 |
|
13 |
3 13 46 |
13- 19 12
i3'i 57 36
331 45 ic
130 54 3
J 30 24 46
130 6 15
1-9 35 34
128 56 33
Longi ude
La It by
C 'tDpur;! ion
145 49 46
145 18 4c
144 5Z 46
144 13 36
141 ^3 18 141 49 4
141 22 12 139 24 56
137 59 -6
136 36 8 135 55 46
^5 19 44
134 36 8 134 9 38
133 36 38
133 ^a 54 '32 39 56
132 18 I
132 2 2:
131 48 3'
Vai lacion o tne
u . 6 629- 00. 6 4 00
do. 5 59 CO
do.
5 12 14
; fr. 4 8 36
ff. 3 17 45
do. 4 iQ 30
■do. 4 6 18
do. 4 5 4
do. 2 54 16
do. 2 i3 26
do. 3 4 36
do. 2 6 16
do., 2 24 17
do. 2 28 46
do. 2 6
44
131 i3 17 do. 1 43 36
130 55 2
130 24 48
130 12 15
129 39 35
do. I 36 24
cio. I 14 6
do. o 49 4
129 2 34 do. o 48 54
APPENDIX. 87
TABLES OP THE EOUTE OF THE ESPERANCE.
/ariafiOn of .h NeeJie Eait
-f
az. 6 4-? 4.8
Jr. 6 24 36
az. 4 36 49
4| az. 3 49 8
5I fr. 4 8 4A )
6'j Tr. ' 3 22
fr* 3 9 5S
fr. 3 8 45
fr. 2 36 6 ir. 2 58 36
az. 2 14 4 az. ,2 36 54
az. 2 36 I
16 fr. 2 16 48
J7 az. 2 16 38 18
20 az. I 18 34
ai f. . I 58
fr. 1 1 9 1 1
£3] ..z. p 42 5
rh
22,3 2 1,2
22:4
22 5 22,6
2Z,5
22. <;
i3>3
23,8
23,2
24,1 *3>3
23
28 28 28-
28
S,8
28
1. 0,6
0,8
1.2
1 3 Ij3
1 2
1^4-
^8
28 1,6
1.7
23,0
'3>'
28
i;4-
17
Wind and St.^, c ofthe Weather.
1 3
i>4
S.E. Mod br. fair
^S.S E. S.E Mod.br. cloudy,
I (liowtTi or rain ai intervals i).E. Mo J. l-.r. cl.Midy
5 S.E. S.S.E. Light br. br'dk,
I hazy
S.E. S.S.E. Mod. br. hazy Di to
^ VV.S.W. S E. GuTsofwiiid,
i r::iii :i:rcr a'lls very 'air E.S.E. Md. br. h'zy, tair
CE.S.E. E.N.E. Mod. breeae,
I \lg\n ! r hazy, fair'
tS.S.h.. S.E. Very light br.
I Very fine
D.E. E. Vtry light br. very fair
.E. E. Very light br. very fair
i E.S.E. E.N.E. Very light br. t very ftiir
cS-S.E. Mod. br. afterwards I c;i'm, very fine
CN.E. N.W. W. Gufls of
t wind, fair
C W.N.W. W. W.S.W.Guffs
1 of wind, fair, fleet
j.VV, S.S.V/. S.S.E. Cuds of
VA ind, cloudy S.S.E. V3riable> liitle wind, d.
^ S.S.E. E. Very little wind,
2 cloudy, atterwaids ierene
^S.E. N.N.E. Light br. fair,
1 atcervvards ra-n
C S.E. N.E. Variable, light br. C clciidy, rai.i
CE N.E. W.S.W. Li'-'htbr.
2 c;din, cl. aiterwards clear
S. E.N.E Vrrylittie wind, clear C S E. N.E. LiUL wind, lior- l ry, then tair, very variahie cN.E. S.V7. b.E. Little wind, I hi.fk, lair
5. S.J.E.Mvd. br. fair
S3
Al'?&Nt)i:5L
^A&LfiS d£ tHE ROUtE OF trfL ftsf fefatf^E.
Date. |
Latitude |
Latitude Longitude |
Longiiudc |
Viriarioii of th: |
||
1791. |
South by |
South by |
Lift by |
Lil\ by |
Kecdic Eaft, |
|
0';f::rvdrion |
Computarion |
Oblervation |
Jomputition |
|||
0 ' " |
0 ' /' |
0 ' /' |
0 ' ' |
0 f 1, |
||
Auguft. |
24 ^5 |
0 53 4S 1 19 36 |
d 56 i< I 29 3. |
) 128 24 i( ) 127 45 li |
128 28 J< 127 41 I J |
|
iff. 0 49 53 |
||||||
26 |
I 43 i« |
I 39 4^ |
> 127 26 3^ |
127 2S lr>| do. 0 28 32 |
||
w.rt. |
||||||
»7 |
* 59 56 |
i 4 16 |
127 2 35 |
127 13 3i |
do. 0 26 ? Eaft. |
|
28 |
2 S2 34 |
a 28 3S |
127 12 6 |
127 6 ; |
do. 0 4 13 |
|
29 |
2 28 38 |
- 39 15 |
127 13 5: |
127 I 4S |
clo. 0 54 58 |
|
30 |
■ 2 39 48 |
2 42 38 |
127 4. 52 |
126 56 54 |
. do. I 9 36 |
|
31 |
2 40 81 |
2 46 11 |
126 49 46 |
126 42 46 |
do. I 4S 38 |
|
September. |
1 |
2 46 37 |
2 52 47 |
126 28 54 |
126 24 52 |
do. 1 34 10 |
•• |
* 52 34 |
2 45 38 |
126 4 48 |
126 8 44 |
do. I 8 54 |
|
3 |
3 14 6 |
2 10 34 |
' i25 35 g |
125 48 32 |
do. J 19 3 |
|
4 |
3 35 46 |
3 28 6 |
'25 49 3 |
125 40 24 |
|
|
- |
5 6 |
3 43 36 3 40 39 |
3 55 35 |
^25 52 15 126 9 54 |
125 2 2S |
i do. 0 47 29 |
At Amboyn |
a. |
|||||
Oaober. |
14 |
3 48 46 |
3 48 3 |
125 57 4 |
125 55 8 |
Weft. |
1*5 |
4 29 00 |
4 33 43 |
125 14 8 |
125 36 2 |
do, 0 37 8 Eafi. • |
|
16 |
5 24 54 |
5 26 19 |
124 36 g |
124 38 49 |
do. 0 16 00 |
|
. |
57 |
6 12 13 |
6 26 23 |
123 52 6 |
124 3 2 |
do. 0 4 19 Weft. |
18 |
7 a 24 |
7 4 44 |
^23 9 34 |
»23 35 9 |
do. 0 34 36 Eaft. |
|
- |
'9 |
7 25 36 |
7 18 24 |
123 3. 46 |
123 2 46 |
do. 0 29 34 Weft. |
20 |
8 15 27 |
8 9 29 |
123 29 IC |
123 23 10 |
do. 0 58 54 |
|
21 |
8 44. 38 |
8 29 36I |
122 56 6 |
123 28 36! |
do. 0 26 3 |
|
22 |
9 3 li |
8 56 44 |
122 34 8 |
122 44 7 |
do. 0 28 56 |
|
33 |
9 17 49 |
9 8 29 |
122 17 12 |
122 19 19 |
do. I 33 12 |
|
24 |
9 18 48 |
9 16 19 |
121 39 34. |
122 4 8 |
ff. 1 48 54 |
|
\ |
25 |
9 44 48 |
9 22 42 |
120 58 46 r |
121 36 47 |
it, I 14 11 |
26 |
lo 6 00 |
9 55 37 |
120 23 12: |
I20 46 12 |
do. 1 17 26 |
|
»7 |
10 23 54 |
10 14 00 |
119 52 14 |
120 15 18 |
do. 0 56 34. |
|
28 |
10 42 00 |
10 42 47 |
118 49 18 |
119 19 34 |
do. 0 54 36 |
|
29 |
10 50 48 |
10 58 38 |
it8 7231 |
ri8 34 23 |
I'r. I 14 48 |
|
30I |
1138 |
II 3 00 |
117 >9 54 |
117 48 28 |
ff. I 26 8 |
APPENDIX 89
TABLES OP THE ROUTE OP THE ESPERANCE.
24 ^5 26
27
28 29
30
3'
I 2 3 4 5
6
J4
15 16
17
24
26
27 28 29
3t'
Variation of the
Needle E.ift,
fr. I 2 Weft
8 8
Therm. Barometer.
Ir. |
0 40 24 Eaft. |
fr. fr. |
0 22 54 1 28 34 |
fr. |
0 56 28 |
fr. fr. |
I 23 54 I 8 36 |
Wtft. |
|
az. |
I 14 26 |
fr. |
Eaft. 0 18 44 Weft. |
fr. |
0 38 36 |
Eaft. |
|
az. |
0 24 59 Weft. |
az. fr. fr. |
0 32 56 0 26 54 0 33 56 |
fr. |
0 24 22 |
az. |
I 26 12 |
az. |
I 9 11 |
fr. |
0 29 38 |
az. o 52 36
fr. I 56 44
21,6 21,1
21,7
Wind and State of the Weather.
1,8
2,0
•8 1,7
22,6 22,2
1,2 2,2
22,628
22,oU8 22)0 I28 22,0 28
22,0
I,S
1 = 5 Ij7 2.1
28 2,2
22;4l2!
1.5
2,1
S.S.E. Mod. br. calm, brifk, fair CS.S.E. S. Mod. breeze, little C wind, fair
CE. S.E. S. Light br. fair, fome I fleet
S.W. Variable, light br. fair
E. N. S.E. Variab. light br, fair E. N. Var. very little wind, fair'
CE.N.E. S.E. S.S.W. Very
t little wind, fair
I E.N.E. S.S.E. Light breeze,
i afterwards calm, dark S.E. N.R.N. Brifk, light br, fair S.S.E. W.N.W. Light br. fair S.S.W. E. Light breeze, fair S.S.W. S.E.E. Little wind, fair S.S.E. E.S.E. Mod. br. hazy
E, N.E. S.S.E. Light br. hazy
E.S.E. Light br. fair
E.S.E. S.S.E. Light br. cloudy
E.S.E. S.S.E. Mod. br. cloudy
E.S.E. S.E. Mod. br. cloudy
: E.S.E. S.S.W. Mod. br. '. light br. cloudy
Calm, E. N.E. light br. cloudy
E.S.E. E.E. N.E. Light br. cl. S.E. N.W. Light br. very fine S.S.E. N.N.W. Light br. fog S.S.E, N.N.W. Very little wind, foggy
Ditto
^From S.W. to N.W. Very
i little wind, foggy
CW.S.W. S.S.W. Very little
I wind, foggy S.S E. Veiy little wind, foggy S.E. Very light br. foggy S. E. S. S.E, Light br, ferene S.S.E. S.S.W, Light br. ferene
go APPENDIX.
TABLES OF THE ROUTE OF THE ESPERANCE.
Date,
i79i.
Oaober.
November.
December.
Latitude
South ov
Obfervation.
V
9
10
II
12
13 14- 15 i6
17 i8
'9
20 21
aa
23 24
25 26
27
29 30
I
2
3 4 5 6
Latitude
South by
Computation.
ir 24. 16
11' 4.5 38
n 14- 54- 12 35 28
12 36 33
13 28 44
14 58 00
15 59 00
16 45 34
17 15
17 46 12
^8 5
18 7
18 38
19 42 34
20 42 44
21 26 34
22 28 38
23 34 26
24 42 00
25 47 38
26 24 00
30 4 00
31 4 47 30 48 24
30 48 23
30 59 37
31 4 12
31 24
32 29 54
32 56 16
33 23 54
34 16 14 34 10.34 34 45 36
38
39 14 23 46
Longitude
Eaft by Obi'ervation.
11 36 6 iz 19 33
12 46 54
i^ 55 43
13 28 42
14 45 33
15 5 16
17
17 5^ 34
18 15 26 18 15-24
18 38 52
19 41 34
20 42 II
21 46 42
22 30 46
23 33 26
24 49 00
25 46 54
26 18 19
27 18 4
28 23 6
29 32 7
30 44 49 30 49 36
30 52 53
31 2 31 9 17
31 24
32 26 30
33 8 16
33 28 19
34 32 4 24 26 8
34 34 36
117 116
"5
114 113 113
1 12 1 1 1 no 109 107 106 106 105 105 104 102
lOI
lOI ICO
99 99 98
Longitude
Eali by
Computation
Variation of the Needle Weft.
6 38
19 32
28 4 36 12
48 48 3 56
5 28
29 36 34 4? 15 4?
49 27 59 34 26 38 56 12 15 24 26 32
44 II
45 34
6 16 15 8 26 34 36 8 29 34
117 19
116 42
115 39 114 52 114 113 26 112 26 III 39 no 54 109 24
96 56 7
98 8 46
99 I i 54 99 46
100 26 54
loi 28 36 103 14 54
105 00 t6
i05 53 14 108 58 38
112 2 3
113 38 56
54
34
6 12
56
34 36 46
48 (T.
108 107
106 34
106 5
105 22
104 25
103 16
loi 54
100 58
100 29
99 26
99 28
98 39
97 44
97 36
97 8
97 35
95 14 54
99 49 54
100 9 54
loi 24 32
103 14 54
104 2 18
105 23 34 108 19 18 III 36 3
"3 4 56
(T.
do.
do. fr. do. do. do.
do.
do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do.
48 3S
34 19 45 3^ 36 18
39 49
44 36 52 30
52 00 34 26 18 14
39 9
54 16
26 24
3 9
T2 14
22 36
38 24
42 36
28 17
do. 8 32 2
do. 9 36 54
do. 10 4 9
do. 9 22 3
do. 9 38 5+
do. 9 38 S3
do. 9 36 44
do. 9 36 12
do. 7 38 14
APPENDIX. 91
TABLES OP THE ROUTE OF THE ESPERANCE.
Date.
1792.
Oaober.
November.
Decsmber.
Variation of the Needle Weft.
31
3 4 5 6
? 8
9 10 n
32
13 14
I <; 16
17 ig
19 ao 21 22
23
24
^5 26
29
I 23 36
Therm
1 28 4.6 I 6 8 |
2 59 49 |
1 19 36 2 59 56 |
3 18 14 |
3 36 52 |
6 23 54 |
■ ■■ |
7 46 34 |
8 8 12 |
8 9 6 |
9 58 19 |
9 4 7 |
8 48 52 |
10 26 J 6 |
9 38 36 9 5^ 54 JO 14 2 |
19.4
19'
i8,4
Barometer.
28
Wind and State of the Weather.
28 2,6
3>i
28
19.
14,2
J35O 14,0
4>i
a. 3
h2
C S.S.W. S.S.E. Moderate br. 2 rather hazy S.S.E. S. Light breeze, hazy S.S.E. S.E. Light br. hazy S.E. S. Light br. hazy S. E. S.E. Very little wind, hazy E. E.S.E. Light br. rather hazy E. E.S.E. Mod. br.hazy |£. S.E.E. Mod. br. hazy E.S.E. S. Moderate, fereiie S.S.E. S^'S.E, Fine br. very fair S.E. S.E. I S. Fine br, cloudy Si S.E. S.E.iE.Mod. br. cK
S.W. S.E. Light br. cloudy. ti.S.E. E.S.E. Light br. cloudy S.Ei E. S.E. Moderate br. cl. S.E. S.S.E. Mod. br. cloudy S.S.E. E.S.E. Mod. br. cloudy S.E. Fine br. cloudy Ditto
S.E. E.S.E. Violent fqualls, cl. S.Ei E. S.E| S. Mod. br, fair S. S.E|: S. Mod. br. cloudy, fair E.S.E. S.Ei S. Fine br. clondy S.E. E.S.E. Mod. br. cloudy S.EJ S. El N.E. Mod. br. d. V E.N.E. S.S.E. Variable, little I wind, cloudy, and feme rain C S.S.E. S.W. Little wind, i rather cloudy C S.S.W. Si S.E. Light breeze, I very fine
CS.S.W.S. S.E.N. Little wi35\!, \ very fine
X N.N. W. W. Little wind, very I fine
W. N.N.W. Moderate, very fine CN.W. S.W. Mod. br. fair, I afterwards a little rain S.W. Light br. very fine N.W. S.W. Light br. very fine W.N.W. W.S.W. Finebr. hazy W.S.W. Fine breeze, hazy c W.S.W. W.N.W. fine br. i hazy
92 APPENDIX.
TABLES OF THE llOUTE OF THE ESPERANCE.
Date, 179a. |
Latitude Soutli by Obfervation. |
Latitude South by Computation. |
Longitude Eaft by Obfervation.- |
Longitude Eaft by Computation |
Variation of the Needle Weft. |
|||
0 / " |
0 ' " |
0 t ' /> |
0 / '/ |
0 |
/ // |
|||
December. |
7 |
35 i6 46 |
35 a 36 |
115 10 14 |
114 48 46 |
|||
"""' |
||||||||
8 9 10 |
34- 48 34 34 9 36 34 I ^^ |
34 5^ 45 34 14 19 34 9 42 |
116 51 28 118 21 48 119 26 34 |
116 59 24 117 46 26 118 54 8 |
fr. |
7 5 7 |
52 36 47 6 8 00 |
|
^ |
II |
33 55 16 |
33 54 5^ |
119 32 19 |
118 56 34 |
do. |
' 6 |
i§^ 18 |
At the Bay Legrand |
of J8 19 zo |
34 ^2 54 34 16 18 34 26 16 35 12 00 35 4 34 |
34 i^ 54 34 J 8 49 34 32 16 35 9 ^8 34 59 14 |
119 21 30 119 30 14 119 33 6 |
3i8 49 36 119 8 45 119 4 4 119 35 2 119 28 36 |
"do. do. |
5 6 |
36 52 4 16 |
2Z |
119 54 36 |
do. |
5 |
19 34 |
||||
as |
34 ^4 53 |
34 28 54 |
120 22 36 |
120 3 38 |
||||
24. |
34 13 42 |
34 14 42 |
123 1 3 |
120 55 2 |
do. |
5 |
8 2 |
|
25 26 |
33 40 46 33 3 58 |
33 48 46 33 J2 54 |
322 4 8 122 35 7 |
3 22 84 122 35 38 |
do. do. |
4 4 |
58 00 18 3 |
|
27 |
32 33 19 |
3^ 3^ 34 |
123 23 46 |
123 16 44 |
||||
, |
28 |
32 17 5a |
32 a4 38 |
124 52 16 |
324 45 16 |
do. |
4 |
8 58 |
S9 |
31 59 00 |
32 4 36 |
X26 4 7 |
125 58 14 |
do. |
3 |
58 19 |
|
30 |
32 16 40 |
32 9 18 |
126 39 46 |
126 48 46 |
||||
31 |
32 9 34 |
32 5 4 |
127 2 38 |
127 4 14 |
do. |
a |
58 3 |
|
January, 1793. |
a |
31 53 8 31 47 4 |
31 S9 17 31 48 19 |
127 20 54 127 58 46 |
127 29 52 127 58 54 |
fr. ,do. |
a 3 |
47 38 38 44 |
3 |
3T 42 00 |
31 44 52 |
128 54 32 |
128 53 36 |
do. |
3 |
39 a8 |
|
4 5 6 7 8 9 |
31 52 00 32 52 46 34 28 54 35 31 48 36 33 32 37 00 8 |
31 55 44 32 59 15 34 24 52 35 32 46 36 16 12 36 48 34 |
129 9 48 128 8 4 127 44 52 127 18 54 126 22 2 |
129 34 42 128 18 36 128 6 54 127 38 8 326 46 58 127 12 16 |
do. do: do. |
I 2 3 a |
49 2 16 39 38 6 14 6 |
|
30 |
37 16 36 |
37 36 48 |
128 34 44 |
128 45 19 |
fr. |
3 |
28 7 |
|
■II |
37 12 34 |
37 34' 36 |
329 6 54 |
129 8 54 |
do. |
2 |
48 36 |
|
32 |
37 36 15 |
37 38 34 |
129 38 36 |
129 28 34 |
fl". |
2 |
6 19 |
|
13 14 |
38 S3 16 39 18 24 |
38 44 16 39 28 46 |
131 32 54 131 56 8 |
131 34 5: 132 4 36 |
do. |
I |
29 54 |
|
15 |
40 iS 3S |
40 9 00 |
132 az 28 |
332 32 58 |
APPENDIX. 93
TABLES OP THE ROUTE OF THE ESPERANCE.
27
Variation of the Needle Weft. Therm.
9 8 44
8 18 29 8 19 16 6 49 1 8
5 4^ 52
az. 5 58 54 az.i 6 34 I
a; 5 36
32. 5 18
az. 4 5
az. 4 34
ff. 3 36
az. 2 42
az. 2 58
az. 2 36
az. 2 19
az. 2 53
az. 2 17
az. I 24
az. o 34
az. o 36
az. 2. 28
^7.. 3 37
az. 2 47
az. I 58
az. I 48
Eart. fr. o 16
14,0
14 2
13-5 14,0
14,2
15.5
'5>2 16,0 15,6 15,0
15,0
Barom.
p. I.
28 2,5
28 1,8
28 2,7
28 0,5
28 2,4
28 3,0 28 3,0
28 1,5
28 1,5
28 0,5
27 11,9
28 2,3 8 1,0
18 0,3
16,0 16,0
16,9
17,0
i7>o
15,0 14,5
13,4
13.0
28 3,0
8 2,0
8 0:0
28 1,8
28 0>I
iS 1,0
^-8 4,2
i8 5,0
28
3.0
2>3
I J, 4
Wind and State of the Weather.
5 W.N.W. W.S.W. A fmart
I gale, rain, afterwards fair W.N.W. Mod. br. cloudy W.S.W. Finehr. mod. br. ferene W. W.S.W. Moderate br. hazy
fV/.S.W. S.W. Smart gale,
I brifk, cloudy
E. E.N.E. Mod. br. fair
E. S. Mud. br. fair
S.E. S.S.W Light br. fair, hazy '
S.S.E.E. E.N.E. Mod.br. cL
CE. S. Brifk, then very little
i wind, fair S.E. E. Mod. br. cloudy, foggy
5E.S.E. N.E. N.W. S.W.
i Biifk, foggy, afterwards clear S.W. W.S.W. Smart gale fair E. E.S.E. Mod. br. fair
5 E.S.E. S.S.E. S.S.W. Mod.
I br. hazy
5 S.S.W. Very brilk, after-
\ wards little wind, hazy
C S. E. N. W. S.W. Light br.
\ very fine
E. E.N.E. Fine breeze, very fair
< E. E.N.E. Mod. br. light br.
\ very fine
cE. N. W.S.V/. Light br.
I ftorniy, afterwards foggy W. N. E. Little wind,ltormy,fog
5 S.E, E. N.E. Pretty brilk,
I tempeltuous, afterwards foggy S.E.S.Mod br. temp, then foggy S.S.E. E.S.E. Mod. br. hazV E . S . E. E . E . N .E . Mod . br. hazy Ei N.E. S.E. Pretty briik, hazy S.E.E. Light br. cloudy ~ E. N. W. S.W. Little wind, cl.
.; W. S. W. S. S.S.E. Light'
I br. a little rain, then fair S.S.E. Little wind, then ca. fair
5 S.E. E.N.E. Very little wind,
1 light br. fair
N.E. N. N.W. Brifk, little w. fair N.W. S. W. S.E. iMod. br. hazy
5 E.S.E. N.W. Light br. then ^'^ \\ calm, brilk, hazy, fleet
94
APPENDIX.
TABLES OF THS ROUTE OF THE ESPERANCE.
Date, ■ ■i793- |
Latitude South by Obfcrvation. |
Latitude South by Computation. |
Longitude Eall by Oufervation. |
Longitude Eall by Computation. |
VariatJosi of the Needle Eaft. |
||
\ |
0 ' >> |
0 ' 1' |
0 / '/ |
0 ' /' |
0 ' " |
||
Janitary. |
-1 6 |
40 58, 34 |
41 12 4 |
135 4 18 |
J35 18 34 |
||
17 |
4-1 39 37 |
41 48 19 |
137 44 37 |
'37 38 17 |
fr. |
3 54 37 |
|
18 J9 |
42' 3,8 52 42 51 -19 |
42 52 36 4^ 56 5?- |
141 6 46 142 49 i8 |
141 8 56 142 32 46 |
|||
2C |
43 22 34 |
43 28 24 |
143 29 6 |
143 14 4 |
ff. |
6 53 4 |
|
SI |
. 43 44 48 |
43 4S 36 |
144 16 52 |
144 2 6 |
|||
22 |
43 3S 1 |
144 46, 3, |
fr. |
7 24 5^ |
|||
At Pieman' Land. Febriiaiy. March,. |
5 28 I a |
43 22 2S -42 56 52 42 32 34 |
145 40 00 147 55 8 151 13 8 |
Ir. |
|||
4^ 59 4 42 25 8 |
T47 57 6 151 I 8 |
6 4 32 9 16 8 |
|||||
3 |
42 21 38 |
42 12 49 |
153 14 16 |
153 21 38 |
ff, |
10 44 46 |
|
4 5 6 |
42 10 54 ; 40 23 8 |
42 24 41 42 8 4Q 2 I 54 |
15 1 s |
155 42 3.6 157 35 8 159 26 4 |
ft-. |
11 38 00 |
|
7 8 9 |
i, 3.9 2.7 19 \ 37 S3 43 1 36 24 36 |
39, ,26 28 37 44 46 36 28 56 |
161 7 53 163 33 56 165 48 19 |
160 38 2 163 27 26 165 35 19 |
fr. |
13 8 00 |
|
3 0 |
35 36 li |
35 43 3 |
166 52 59 |
166 43 19 |
fT. |
13 19 00 |
|
n 12 13 14 |
34 26 18 ; 34 23 36 , 34 7 46 33 15 54 |
34 22 29 34 12 26 34 '2 36 33 5 54 |
168 35 s^ 170 18 32 171 54 26 174 13 52 |
168 17 56 170 2 34 171 26 34 174 8 38 |
ff. |
12 48 54 |
|
'5 16 |
32 38 44 |
32 28 52 31 41 32 |
176 26 14 178 34 53 |
176 12 17 178 29 34 V |
ff. |
II 23 23 |
|
31 55 19 |
|||||||
17 |
30 19 17 |
30 18 27 |
179 49 27 |
179 42 24 |
ff. |
II 46 4 |
|
j8 |
29 34 36 |
29 22 36 |
J 79 54 26 Weft. |
Weft. 179 59 28 |
fr. |
II 49 34 |
|
19 |
28 T 8 49 |
28 28 18 |
179 9 19 |
179 18 36 |
fT. |
10 56 54 |
|
20 |
27 9 4 25 53 36 |
178 7 14 176 18 4 |
178 38 44 178 32 46 176 5 3 |
ft". |
11 17 36 |
||
25 58 36 24 19 26 |
|||||||
21 |
|||||||
22 |
24 9 34 |
||||||
' |
23 |
22 8 39 |
22 9 48 |
176 26 7 |
176 aa 8 |
IT. |
9 48 16 |
APPENDIX. gs
TABLES OP THE ROUTE OP THE ESPERANCE.
Date, Variation of ihc
1793. Needle Eatt
January. 1 6
Febraary. March o
17
19
20 az.
21 az.
22 fr.
28
0 34 5?
1 52 14
8 9 17
7 5» 56 € 13 19
Therm,
az. 7 28 z8
37. 9 17 00
fr. 12 44. 00
4- 5 |
az. |
12 38 00 |
6 |
|
|
7 |
az. |
J 3 19 00 |
9 |
az. |
13 4.4. 00 |
10 |
az. |
12 46 19 |
11 12 »3 |
az. |
12 59 00 |
14 |
az. |
n 43 56 |
'^.5 |
az. |
10 49 26 |
16 |
||
'7 |
az. |
10 36 26 |
18 |
az. |
10 44 30 |
J9 |
fr. |
10 13 19 |
20 21 22 |
fr. |
10 33 46 |
asj |
az. |
8 4/5 54 |
10,3
12,5
12,7
14,0
14,4
15. 1
16,1 17,2
16,8
17,0
i8,6
Barometer,
Wind and State of the V/esther.
28
z8
i»4 3)0
2,4
5 W.S. W. W. W.N. W. Mod.
I br. hazy.
W. W.N.W. Mod. br. haxy,
a little rain
N.W. W. S.W. Flnebr.ha. fleet
S.W.S.S.W.S.Finebr.hazyjfleet
5 S.W. Mod. br. afterwards
I calm. W. S.W. Briik, ha. fair
N.W. Bri(k, then calm. W.
Li gilt br. fair E. N. Little wind, mod, br, very fine
23 1,6
28
0,2
0,2
28
S.S.W. Mod. breeze, hazy, fair 0,4 JN.N.W. Mo.br. light br.veryfair N.W. W. S.W. Fine br. ha. fair W.S.W. N.N.W. Light br. mod. br. fair N.N.W. Fine breeze, hazy N.N.W. N.W. Fine br. cl. fo?.
( W.S.W. S.S.W. S.S.E. Fine
i breeze, fos:2;y S.S.E. S.V/. W. Mod.br. dark N. W. W. 8- W. Fine br. cloudy S.S.E. S.S.W. Mod. hr. fair
SS. W.N.W. Light br. mod.
I br. very fine W. W.N.W. Mod. br. very fine
W. W.N.W, Mod, br. fo^ray
W.N.W. Light br. foggy "^ N.W. Mod, br. fog2;y C N.W. N.N.W. Light breezev I mod. breeze, fosjgy r N.W. IN. S. W.^Smart gale* 1 mod. br. fome rain C W.S.W. S.W. S, S.W. Mod. C br. hazy
S.S.E. S, S.S.W, Light br.haty
^S. S.S E. S.E. E.S.E. Light C br. fair, rather hazy f S.E. E.S.E. E.E.iN.E. Lt. i br, fair, afterwards cl. rain 5N.E. N.W. Light br. mod. I br, cloudy, rain, then fair S.S.W. S. Fiiiebr. hazy, fair f S.S.E. S,E. E.S.E. Mod. bf. i rather hizy, fair
3>5
95
APPENDIX.
TABLES OF THE ROUTE OF THE ESPERANCS.
Date, 1793-
Cal-edonia. May.
24
March. At Tongata boo. April. I o
14 16
18
19
20
June.
I
17 18
»9
22
33 24
as 26
.27 28
Latitude
South by
Oblcivation.
2055 23 20 12 38
19 37 50 19 52 16
19 53 8
Latitude
South by
Computation
J-orgituje I 1-ongitude
V\'ell by Weil by
Obfcrvation. [Computaiion,
20 |
22 |
35 |
20 |
9 |
B''^ |
20 |
16 |
46 |
20 |
10 |
48 |
19 |
50 |
24 |
18 |
53 |
33 |
18 |
31 |
13 |
17 |
38 |
59 |
16 |
3J? |
00 |
14- |
42 |
59 |
IZ |
55 |
54 |
II |
3S |
17 |
II |
15 |
4R |
10 |
55 |
54 |
10 |
39 |
38 |
10 |
3» |
25 |
10 |
48 |
19 |
10 |
53 |
42 |
10 |
33 |
10 |
9 |
53 |
34 |
9 |
58 |
56 |
10 |
7 |
16 |
0 |
/ |
// |
21 |
10 |
32 |
20 |
52 |
23 |
■io |
18 |
54 |
20 |
16 |
6 |
20 |
8 |
16 |
20 |
9 |
.4 |
20 |
9 |
34 |
20 |
15 |
2 |
20 |
28 |
54 |
20 |
39 |
?6 |
20 |
16 |
56 |
177 26 40 179 34 40
Eaih 172 4 2 169 43 10
167 54 30
165 4^ 19 162 55 4 161 58 53
20 12 3S 19 54 i4
19 13 6
18 38 54 17 56 29 16 38 56
14 47 54
13 52 li
12 58 44
II 39 54 II 12 39
10 56 49
10 47 17 10 36 34 10 32 54
10 5S 36
11 , 8 47 10 58 34
ID 18 47
9 58 54 ip 12 52 10 32 56 10 12 18
Variation of the
Needle Er.lL
177 i6 9 ff. 9 44 17
162 |
15 |
18 |
162 |
2 |
52 |
161 |
25 |
12 |
161 i6i |
6 6 |
26 55 |
163 |
4 |
15 |
162 |
39 |
15 |
163 |
13 |
52 |
163 |
32 |
25 |
163 |
39 |
3' |
163 163 |
32 21 |
35 10 |
160 159 158 |
J7 40 57 |
35 30 5 |
159 |
7 |
40 |
158 158 |
45 |
50 "6 |
J |
177 25 56
179 42 24
Ealh
177 45 46
175 37 16
172 48 33
169 48 16
167 44 18
165 58 i6
163 9 z
162 4 53
102 33 46 162 36 49
161 42 54
161 38 8
161 34 6
162 14 36
163 18 34
163 24 36
163 14 46 163 38 54 163 39 37
163 52 14
163 45 54 163 48 34 J63 34 46 »62 14 6
160 52- 34
159 43 17 158 52 8
158 54 56
159 4 50 158 3 56 157 52 26
do.
9 14 00
do. 9 47 14 do. n 26 14 do, II 16 19
ir. II 19 4 00, 8 34 10
fl'.
9 44 5'
do. 8 38 56
do. 10 4 32 do. 9 32 24 fr. 9 58 36.
do. 9 54 36
do.
ir.
9 43 40 2 18 46
do. 10 12 16
fr.
9 14 45
do. 9 45 36 do, 8 54 la
APPENDIX. gr
TABLES OP THE ROUTE OP THE ESPERANCE.
Variation of the Needle Eaft.
az. 9 46 36
az. 9 16 54
9 ^4- 5^ 9 4.6 12
9 38 16
9 14 36
10 12 54.
9 ^5 ^6
az- 9 44- 5+
fr.
fr.
fr. fr.
9 24. 14 9 36 16
az. 9 36 16
9 42 17 8 49 36 7 54- 36
8 52 18
Therm
20,8
20,7
20,0 2.0,3 20,4
20.1
10,4
20,7
23,0
22,5 23,0 22,0 22,0 22.5 22,8 22,6
22,5
22,2
22)0 22, f
Barometer.
3.2
2,7
28
2>3
28 1,2
28 2,0 28 2,2 28 2,5
28
^.3
28 2,6
28
28
3>5 2,4
1,0
i.o 0,0 0,8 I.I
0.5 0.2 0,2
0,5
»,^ 1,0
D>6
Wind and State of the Weather.
M.E. S.E. Mod. br. hazy, fair
E. E.S.E. Mod. br. hazy, fair E, Fine br. hazy, fair
E. E.S.E. Fine br. hazy, fair E.S.E. Fine br. cloudy, fomerain
E. E. S.E. Fine br.cl. then ferene E. Ei S.E. Mod. br. ha7y, fair fEi S.E. S.E.i E. Mod. br. 1 hazy, fair
5.E. Mod. hr. afterw. finebr.fair E.S.E. E. Fine breeze, cloudy Ditto Ditto
E.S.E. S.SE. light br. fair f NE. S.E. Variable, very little i wind, fair
CS.S.E. Light br. afterwards I fmart gale, fair S.E. Very litt'e wind, fair S.E. Littlewind, then light br.fair E.S.E. Bvilk, thtn fine br, hazy E.S.E. Fine breeze, hazy C S.E.E. N.E. Gutts of wind, I tcmpeltuous, cloudy, rain f E.N.E. E. E.S.E. Mod. br. X hazy, afterwards fertne E. E. S.E. Mod.br. hazy C E.S.E. N.E. N.W. Little w. I tempeftuoiis, rain, aft. ferene C E. N. S.E, Little wind, fair, I fome rain, fair E.S.E. N.E. N. Little w. hazy i,. S.E. Little wind', hazy ^S.Ei Light breeze, hazy, rain R. Fine br. cloudy,-rain \
E.S.E. Fine breeze^ hazy \L. Fine breeze, hazy E. Fine breeze, hazy ^ E. Mod. hr. afterwards calm, l|i W. little wind, hazy W. Squally, hazy, fleet, rain ■N. N.E. E.NE. Light br. hazy E.N.E. Mod. br. hazy
g[S APPENDIX.
TABLES OP THE ROUTE OP THE ESPERANCE*
Date.
1793-
June.
July.
9
JO
J I
12
13
H
15 i6
17 J8
'9 ai
22 »3
24 25
a6
27
28
29
Latitude
South by
Obfervation.
3 6
9 27 43
9 6 39
8 56 54
8 49 56
9 18 45
10 8 19
11 29 54. II 6 46 II 00 00 II 14 34
10 58 32
10 36 32
10 24 29
10 12 56
9 54 39
9 42 44
9 46 6
8 53 29 8 14 48
8 16 9
8 16 38 8 8 17 7 36 38
6 54 42
7 8 48
7 8 43
5 39 36
5 15 16
49 56
47 ^4
4 38
51 14
38 36
4 42 ]8 4 22 44 3 46 39 3 13 36
2 42 54
Latitude
South by
Computation
9 52 ^4
9 59 4
9 32- 14
9 ^■^ 37
9 2 34
8 48 16
9 14 46
10 4
11 9 36 II 24 52 II 43 36 II i6 38
II 18 14
10 38 6
10 39 47 IP 12 56
4 59
55 24 52 36,
10
9 6 34. 8 36 54 8 26 46
8 28 9
8 tS 42
7 41 37
7 3^ 18
7 13 44 6
5
5
4
4 51 34
4 54
25 14 18 36
J2 58
47 36
4 42 8 4 38 36
4 i^ 54 3 48 18
3 16 34
a 52 33
Longitude
Eaftby Oblervation.
158 7 32
57 15 10 56 35 45
55 9
55 12 30
54 49 5
54 37 42
53 33 15
52 14 50
51 54 *5 '51 18 32
50 18 35
52 20 10
49 42- 36 4^ 14 22
49 7 55
49 2* 30 49 18 24 48 59 40
48 17 15
47 22 54 46 37 25
46 13 44 45 31 35 45 47 10
51 45 26 20
31 55 15 30 53 36 57 40 36 15 55 50
49 9 -5
19 34 18 35 49 10
Longitude
Eaft by
Coniputation
47 a 46
57 53
57 36
55 44
56 54 55 56 55 33
36
55 12 i^
54 49 54 38 53 44 52 28 5^ 5
51 29 37
51 4
50 19 49 56 49 13
49 8 34
49 i^ 49 8 49 8
48 24 42
47 33 46 47 46 19
45 33 3*^ 45 45 ^9
45 36 34
45 56 37
46 54 58
47 12 18
47 48 56
48 9 52 48 28 19 48 43 36
48 54 19 6 18 8 36
17
49 49 8 49 43
47 59 6
Variation of the Needle Eaft.
ff. 8 00 00
do. do. do.
do.
do. do. do.
8 12 47 8 14 18
8 38 54
7 48 35
7 19 36
7 14 3<S 7 26 44
7 34 5* 7 -8 19
7 36 44
6 54 48
7 38 44
fr. 6 34 00
do. do. do. do. do.
do.
do. do. do.
6 42 46 6 38 44
6 14 55 6 42 38 6 37 36 6 8 36
6 22 54
6 42 34
6 34 3 6 38 44
APPENDIX yg
CABLES GP THE ROUTE OF THE ESPERANGB.
Wind and State of the Weather.
From S. to E. light br. cl. rain CFrom S. to E. Gufts ct wind, I light br. cloudy, ftoimy E.S.E. Mod. br. hazy S.E. Fine breeze, hazy S.E. Fine br. haiy, rain, fleet Ditto
V S.E.N.E.N.W.S.W.S.Light 1 br. hazy, raia, afterwards fair S.E. E.S.E. Mod. br. hazy, rain E. E.N.E. Lt. br. fair, rain, fleet S.E.S.W. Lt.br. fair, rain, fleet S.E. Light br. fair, fome fleet S.E. Light br. fair, then rain f E.S.E. S.S.E. Light br. fair, t afterwards rain S.E. Light br. fair E.S.E. S.E. Light br. fair S.E. S.S.E. Light br. fair S.E. S.S.E. Light br. very fair C E.S.E. Little wind, afterwards
1 calm, very fine Ditto
S.E. Mod. br. very fine S.E. S.S.E. Mod. br. very fine
C S.S.E. S.E. Gulfs of wind,
2 fleet, hazy, rain S.E. Mod, br. hazy S.E. Mod.br. then light br, hazy S.E. Light br. hazy
c E.S.E. S.E. Light br. then
t fine br. ileet, rain
CW.N.W. N.W. Light br.
i hazy, fleet, rain
5 S. S.S.E. Light br. hazy, rain,
I then fair
S. S.S.E. Mo.br. then finebr.Iia. 'S.S.E. Mod. br. var. then ca. fine S.E. E.S.E. Mod. br. fair S. S.E. Brifkj very little w. fair Calm, S, light br. fair Ditto S.E. Stormy, light br. fair
5 N.W. Light br. then calm.,
I cl. flormy, rain, then lerene S.S.E. Light br. fair Ditto Ditto
5 S.E. Light br. fqually, hazy,
Z rain, then fair
100 APPENDIX.
TABLES OF THE ROUTE OP THE ESPERANCE.
Date, 1793. |
Latitude South by Obfervation. |
Latitude South by Computation. |
Longitude Eaft by Obfervation. |
Longitude Eart by Computation. |
Variation of the Needle Eaft. |
||
0 / " |
0 ' // |
0 ' " |
0 ' " |
of" |
|||
July. |
J2 13 |
2 31 36 |
2 38 14 2 12 47 I 12 j8 0 52 48 0 49 18 |
147 4 zp 146 30 55 145 42 3c 144 5 6 144 35 40 |
147 5 48 146 24 54 145 54 48 145 3 43 144 26 38 |
fr. |
6 17 54 |
2 9 49 I 5 36 6 53 39 0 52 18 |
|||||||
14 16 |
|||||||
17 18 |
0 36 54 0 39 lO |
0 33 14 0 26 8 |
144 5 15 143 23 52 |
143 54 li 143 7 Sf> |
do. |
5 24 18 |
|
. |
19 |
0 31 19 |
142 46 48 |
(T. |
4 54 37 |
||
20 21 22 23 |
0 38 54 0 4a 18 0 43 34 0 14 18 North. |
0 22 26 0 27 44 0 26 39 0 13 24 North. |
143 9 26 143 a 12 142 53 36 142 25 35 |
142 38 46 142 39 36 142 26 16 142 4 12 |
fr. fl-. fr. ff. |
4 18 19 3 38 19 4 18 17 4 32 54 |
|
24 |
0 2 34 South. |
0 I 43 |
141 22 45 |
141 13 46 |
fr. |
4 54 18 |
|
t |
•a5 |
0 8 39 |
0 1 38 South. |
140 36 ac |
140 28 38 |
ff. |
4 18 47 |
26 |
0126 North. |
0 7 46 North. |
139 12 50 |
139 54 32 |
fr. |
4 18 00 |
|
«7 »8 29 30 31 I 2 3 4 |
0 8 54 0 2Z 14 South. / 0 8 58 0 8 14 |
0 3 58 0 16 36 South. 0 5 54 0 14 4z 0 23 6 0 25 47 0 8 24 0 5 41 0 15 36 |
139 32 30 139 14 51 138 9 40 138 43 15 ^35 56 50 134 51 25 134 30 00 |
138 59 8 138 34 36 138 38 7 138 8 34 137 19 17 135 14 19 134 38 12 134 9 46 133 56 34 |
fr. ff. do. do. do. fr. |
4 17 18 |
|
3 4 36 3 22 37 3 38 19 2 28 00 2 48 9 2 44 36 |
|||||||
Anguft. |
0 8 46 0 5 34 0 5 42 |
||||||
5 6 |
■■■■"-■" |
0 9 18 0 6 34 0 I 38 |
133 44 52 |
ff. |
a 38 16 |
||
0 13 23 North. 0 18 34 |
133 22 1 2 132 2 8 |
||||||
7 |
132 30 20 |
||||||
3 9 |
0 18 58 0 9 26 |
North. 0 15 37 South. 0 3 5 |
132 36 55 131 56 30 |
igz 4 36 131 38 34 131 4 36 130 38 24 |
do. do. |
1 36 44 2 38 14 |
|
ro |
033 |
0 5 10 0 8 29 |
131 ^5 5 |
||||
1 1 |
0 1 32 |
||||||
* |
12 |
0 15 5* |
0 5 18 |
129 18 5 |
130 12 14 |
fr. |
I 44 xS |
APPENDIX. 101
TABLES OP, THE EOUTE OP THE ESPERANCE.
Variation of the Needle Eaft.
Therm.
0 ' 1' |
|
az. |
5 4^ oo |
az. |
4 37 oo |
az. 4- 38 00 az. 3 59 00 fr. 4 14. 00
fr. 4 8
az. 3 33 00
az. 2184! az. 2 24 5!
az. 2 49 36
az. I J9 46
^3,2
13,2
22,8 ^3>4
25,6 22,8
24,1
23,8
H.o
23»7 23,2
24,2
21,9
Barometer.
p. 1.
28 0,6 28 0,9
28 1,0 28 0,7
'.% 0,9 ^8 1,1
28 1,3
2S 1,4
25 1,2
28 1,3
^% 0,6
28 0,9
Wind and State of the Weatlicr.
fE. S.S.E. Gufts of wind,
t hazy, rain, then fine
5 S.E. Gults, light br. hazy,
\ rain, then fair S.E. Gufts, light br. hazy E. Very light br. hazy
CN. N.V/. S.S.E. Light br,
\ hazy, rain, cloudy Ditto E. N. Gufts, hazy, rain, cloudy
fS.E. E. N. N.W. Gufts,
\ hazy, rain, cloudy W. S. S.E. Very little wind, hazy S. S.E. Little wind, very fine Ditto E.S.E. Light br. very fine
Ditto
E. E.N.E. Light br. haiy
E. S.E. Little wind, ftormy
E. S. Gufts of wind, ftormy S. W.N.W. Guits, fleet, rain
W. S.W. Mod. br. hazy S. E. Little wind, mod. br. hazy S. E. N. Gufts, cloudy, rain 5. S.E. E. Mod. br. hazy E. N. Light br. then calm, hazy N. W. S.W. N. Little wind, fair W. W.S.W. Light br.hazy,rain CW.S.W. W.N.W. Light br. 1 hazy, rain
W. S. W. S. Light br. hazy, rain
C S. S.W. Fine br. light br, \ hazy, rain
S.W. S.S.E. Bi ilk gale, fair
ii. S. Light br. hazy
CS. S.W. W.S.W. Light br.
\ then fine br. rain W.S.W. S. S.E. Light br. rain
CS. S.W. S.S.E. Light br.
t hazy, fair
I0:i
APPENDIX.
TABLES OP THS route OF THE ESPERAlSrCE.
Date,
1793-
Latitude North by )bfcrvatJon.
Auguft:
At Waygiou.
September.
AtBourou.
13
j6 28
30 31
^3 *5
In the Strait of Bouton.
Oaober.
Latitude
North by
Computation.
o 12 39 South
o 2 36 North
o I 27
o 3 44- South,
o 6 56
o 33 38
0 56 16
1 38 29
2 14. 42
2 4S 43
3 i8 24
2 48 54
2 51 52
3 28 00
3 28 46
4 14 37 4 18 14
4 18 56
4 22 4
4 3^ 38
4 38 34
4 36 3^'
4 38 36
4 43 14
4 47 22
Longitude
£..(1 by
Obfervaiion.
064
o 00 49,
O 00 36 South
o 00 39
o 14 16 o 38 19
0 58 14
1 29 37
2 3 42
2 38 00
3 8 32
346
2 58 32
3 25 36
3 33 3
4 8 36 4 28 34
4 32 46 4 28 16
129 48 2 129 34 3
Longitudfe
Eaft by
Computation.
Variation of the Needle Eaft.
129 15 2
128 33 8 127 24 16 127 14 6 127 2 36 126 28 36
125 46 125 22
124 52 16 124 8 36
122 54
123 19 43
122 36 48 122 3 16
121 38 46
121 8 16
129 32 16 129 26 j6
129 8 19
129 2 4
129 14 54
128 37 44
127 52 16
127 16 19
127 8 4
126 52 24
126 14 125 48 4
124 54 16 124 42 36
ff. I 18 39
fl'. I 48 36
(T. I 38 44
ff. o 44 48
fT.
8 7
iT. o 44 12
fr. o 34 18
ff. o 46 8
Wett.
fr. o 8 48
ff. o 8 44
120 46 2
122 122 |
48 34 8 26 |
121 |
32 46 |
121 |
18 16 |
fr. ff.
ff. ff
.''r. ff.
ff.
I 36 18 o 17 42
Eait. o 13 19 o 36 38
Welt, o 4 38 o 43 48
o 41 39
ff. o 34 42
120 59 4
fr. |
0 |
46 |
35 |
ff |
0 |
26 |
18 |
fr. |
0 |
46 |
54 |
APPENDIX.
TABLES OP THE ROUTE OF THE ESPEE4NQE.
103
Date, 1793-
Auguft.
September.
Oclober.
13
16
28
29 30
3^
Variation of the Needle Eaft
az,, o 24. I
az. o 48 14. az. o 14 4
Weft, az. o 6 44
o 18 44
Eaft.
o 18 47 o 22 10
Weft,
o 18 36
o 12 16
az. o 16 36
az. o 6 29
az. o 48 3^ az. o 34 53
Therm. I Barom. Wind and State of the Weather.
22,4
22=3
21,9
22,6
22,4
22,5
22;!
22,3
22,0 22,4
22,6
22,8
22,7 22.5 22,7 23,0
p. 1. 28 1,3 28 06
2S 1,0
28 1,1
8 1,4
28
1.3
8 1,6
2.Z
28
I;7
1.5 2,0
1.7 0.7
28
z8
1,6
1.7 1.3 1.5
S.W. S.E. Little wind, rain S.W. S.E. Little wind, cloudy
N.W. W. Gufts of wind, i light br. rain
S.W. Gufts, fair
S.W. Light breeze, hazy
S. S.S.E. Fine br. hazy S. S.S.E. Mod. br. hazy S. S.S.E. Lis;htbr. hazy S. S.S.E. Mod br. h.tzy S.E. W. Light br. hazy
E.S. Light br. then calm, hazy S.E. Mod. br. hazy
E.S.E. Mod. br. then calm, fair E.S.E. Very little wind, fair
S S E. Mod. br. fair Ditto
S.SE. S.E. Mod.br. fair S.S.E Light breeze, fair
f S.S.E. E.S.E. Very little
I wind, fair S. 8. S.W. Very little wind, fair
C From N. to E. Gufts of wind,
I inh-
CFrom E.S.E. to W.S.W.
i Moderate br. fair
S.E. Mod. br, fair
E.S. E.N.E. Mod. br, fair
E. Lioht br. fair
104 APPENDIX.
TABLES OF THE ROUTE OF THE ESPERANCE.
Date, 1793- |
Latitude South by Obfervation. |
Latitude South by [Computation. |
Longitude Eaft by Obfervation. |
Longitude Eart by Computation. |
Variation of the NeedleWel^. |
|||
Oflober, |
3 4 5 6 7 S 9 lO 11 12 J3 14 15 j6 17 18 |
0 ' " |
0 ' " |
0 ' '1 |
0 ' '1 |
fT. do. do. do. do. do, do. do. do. fr. do. do. do. |
0 |
/ /' |
|
0 0 c 0 |
34 10 38 7 j8 37 29 44 |
||||||
5 ^8 4 ■ 5 47 56 5 45 43 6 5 34 6 16 38 5 53 36 5 44 5* 6 18 34 6 52 36 6 52 16 6 55 4 6 56 44 6 58 00 |
120 44 8 "9 38 34 118 43 56 117 25 14 116 2 36 114 54 16 113 42 34 112 45 34 III 56 5^- 111 28 12 110 59 54 no 48 46 no 54 38 |
119 42 38 n8 46 38 117 32 7 "6 4 35 114 53 38 113 44 56 n2 58 37 n2 2 45 III 28 12 no 59 18 no 52 7 |
||||||
e |
5 54 56 5 52 44 6 12 8 6 12 38 5 56 48 5 53 54 6 26 34 6 53 46 6 52 28 6 56 4 6 58 32 |
|||||||
1 |
0 0 I G 0 1 |
37 46 18 36 3 6 36 24 5^ 6 18 46 |
||||||
I I Z |
34 J8 26 48 as 00 |
|||||||
At Surabaya |
APPENDIX.
TABLES OF THE ROUTE OF THE ESPERANCE.
105
Date,
1793-
Oaober.
3 4 5 6
7 9
TO 1 I 12 13 14 15 16
17
Variation of the Needle Weft. .
Their
fr.
fr.
fr. Ir. fr. ir.
» 9 34
58 52
56 38
56 44.
23 47
4.8 9
23>3
22,2
22,3
22,1
22,4.
22,0
22,8 22,5
=13.5
23,0 23,0 23,6
a3>7 23,6
Barometer
Wind and State of the Weather,
S.S.E.E.S.E. Mod. br. fair S.S.E.E.S.E Gufls of wind, fair
CFrom S. to W.S.W. Mod.
I br. fair S.E. Mod. br. fair
iFrom E. to S.E. Mod. br,
i very fair
E.S.E. S.E. Mod.br. fair E.S.E. Mod. br. fair Ditto Ditto Ditto
N.E. Mod. br. fair N.W. Mod. br. fair N.N.W. N. Mod. br. fair N.E. S.W. Fair
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* School for Children. Tranllated from the French by Mifs Sfockdale. In I vol. izmo. Price 3s. 6d. bound.
Mary, Q^ieen of Scots, a Hiftorical Ballad, and other Poems. In one volume, crown 8vo.
* Statiftical Tables 5 exhibiting a View of all the Slates of Europe ; Hiow- ino- with the greateft Accuracy,, their Population, Military and Marine Strength, Revenue and Expenditure, Form of Government; with their Seas, Rivers and Mountains, Climate, Soil and Produftions ; Divifion of each Country, chief Towns,, Situation, Numberof Houfes and InhabitantSj Hiftorical Occurrences, &c. Tranflated ffom the German oi J. G. Boei- iicherj of KoenigJiberg. With a Supplementary Table, containing the Changes fince the Publication of the original Work. By IVilliam Playfair. In 4to. Price il. is.
* A Geogra^jhicalj Hiftorical, and Political Account of Germany, Hoi. land, the Netherlands, Swifiirland, the Grilbns, and Italy ; with a Gazet- teer of the principal Places therein. In one large vol. royal 4.10. hand- ' fomely printed on fuperfine wove paper. Illuftrated wilh twenty-four Plans of fortified Cities, and a Inrge three-fheet Map of the Countries defcribed, • 4 feet a niches by x feet 5 inches. Price 2I. us, 6d.
Bvoh printed for JOHU StockDaLe.
Hiftory of Liverpool ; with an Acconnt of the River Merfey, Sec. De- dicared, by permifirioii, to the Earl of Liverpool. In one vol. royal /j-to, on fine wove paper. Embelllflied and illultrated with maps, plans, and vitws. Price to Subl'cribers 2I. 2s.
A new and elegant Trandation of the Arabian Nights' Entertalnm'cnts,
Poems on Various Snbje£ls and OccaHons. By William Bofcaiuen, Efq. In one volume, crown 8vo.
• Journal of a Voyage, performed in the Lion extra Indiaman, from Madas to Columbo and Da Lagoa Bay, on the eaftern Coaft of Africa, where the Ship was condemned, in the Years 1798 and 1799 : With fomc Account of the Manners and Cuftoms of the .Inhabitants of Da Lagoa Bay, and a Vocabulary of their Language. By William Whiter Efq. Captain of f be 73d Highland Regiment of Foot. Neatly printed in 4to. with two highly-finiflied plates, from drawings taken on the fpot. Price 7s. ia boards.
A new Hiftory of Ruffia. Tranfiated from the French. With feveral plates, and a large map of Ruflla.
Hiftory of the Life and Sketch of the Campaigns of General Neapolone Bonaparte. Tranflated from the French. Together with a large Map of Germany and Italy, ftiowing the Routes of the Armies, Encampments, and Fields of Battle, &c. accurately delineated by Bacler Dalbe, Captain of Cannoneers attached to the Army of Bonaparte during the War, in the ca- pacity of Chief of his Topographical Office. And further illuftratcd with Maps of Egypt and Syria. In 4to. Price al. is.
Lives of the Britifti Poets- In one large vol. 8 vo. with Plates, Pnce los. 6J. in boards ; or on fine paper, with proof impreffions, 13s. 6d.
Obfervations on the Manners and Cuftoms of the Egyptians, the Over- flowing of the Nile and its efFefls j with Remaiks on the Plague, and other Subjects. Written during a Refidence of Twelve Years in Cairo and its Vicinity. By Johi Antes. Neatly printed in 410.
Voyage to the Baft Indies and China, made by order of the King, from 1774, to 1781. In which are defcribed the Manners, Religions, Arts and Sciences of the Indians; Chinefe, and Natives of Pegu and Madagafcar ; with Obfervations on the Cape of Good Hope, Iflss of Frnnce and Bour-
Maps and Plans pulVifhed hy John Stockdale*
bon, the Maldives, Ceylon, Malacca, the Philippines and Moluccas : with Refearches into the Natural Hiftory of thofe Countries. Tf anflated from the French of M. Sonnerat. In 2 vols. 4to. illuftrated and embelliflied with 140 plates of views, natural hiftory, mythology, &c,
f 4-t Gentlemen defirous of the above valuable Works are requefted to fiTourMr. Stockdalc with early Orders.
MAPS AND PLANS, FuUiJIied hy J. Stockdale.
Areduced Mapof the Empire of Germany, Holland, the Netherlands, Switzerland, ^he Grifons, Italy, Sicily, Corfica, and Sardinia. By Captain Chaucbardf t^c. On three large (heets. Price los. 6d.
A new Map of England and Wales, with the Southern Part of Scotland j on. which are accurately laid down, the Turnpike-roads and principal Towns, Parks, Rivers, and Canals. On 49 plates, 5 feet 10 inches by 4 feet S inches, neatly coloured, in ftieets, il. is. ; or on canvas and rollers, or in a cafe, tl. lis. 6d.-^Thc great advantages of this Map are, that by being or fo large a fcale, with the Roads, Rivers, and principal Towns unencumbered by places of lefs confequence, the ey€ can eafily trace any oh- jeft, without injuring the fight, or confufing the obfervcr*
A large Plan of London ; comprehending the Weft India new Docks, and furrounding Villages. On four (heets, 4 feet 8 inches by J feet 3 inches. Piict 7s, 6d. ; or on canvas and rollers, or in a cafe, 15$.
A large Map of the Country from Twtnty to Thirty Miles round Lon- don 5 comprehending all the Turnpike and Crofs-roads, Parks, Rivers, Canals, Sec. On four fheets, neatly coloured, price 7s. 6d. ; or on rollers, or in a cafe, 13s. 6d.
A new large Plaii of Manchefter, frpm a6Vtial Survey. By C Laurent, Price in fticets il. is.
A new large Map of the Country, from Thirty to Forty Miles round Manchcfter- Price, neatly coloured, los, 6d.
Maps and Plans publi/hed by John Stockdali.
A large Map of the Weft Indies, engraved for the Hlftory of the BritHli Colonies, by Bryan EdiMards, Efq. On two large fheets, 5s j or in an elegant gilt frame, coloured and vamifhed, 2I. 12s. 6d.
A new Sheet Map of the Ifland of Jamaica, as. 6d.
A Map of the River Thames, from its Source to Its Influx, Neatly coloured, is. 6d.
Mr. Stockdale begs leave to inform the Public, that having purcha&d the remaining Copies of Grofe's, Antiquities of England and Wales, in % vols, medium 410. and alfo in Imperial ?vo. containing 699 plates, they may be fupplied by fending their ordersaccordingly. The plates are now, firft, uniformly printed on fine, thick wove paper, which renders the impreflfion, on fale by him, fuperior to the former proofs. Price, in ^to. J7I. 105. Svo. 13I. los.
of the imperial oftavo edition but very few remain tinfold.
A great Dedu£\ion to Merchants, Traders, Sec. for Ready Money,
He has alfo purchafcd the few remaining copies of Dr. Anderfon'^ Bri- tish Poets (13 vols, royal 8vo.), of the Affignees of Eglin and Pepys, bank- rupts ; and propofes to fell them, for a limited time, at the reduced price of fix Guineas in boards, inftead of eight guineas, which was the original price — or elegantly calf gilt for eight guineas. — For the high charafter of this Work fee theBritilh Critic and Monthly Reviews.
N. B. A deduction of 20 per cent, will be made to thofe buying for fale, or prefents ; to whom, on payment being ordered in London, the Books ihall be fent as defired.— The difcount reduces the price to 5I. j or calf, gilt, 7J.
K )/.:
Their 'Majejlks and the whole of the Royal Family have been gracioujly pleafed to patronize Mr, Stochdales Puhlicaiion of
Chauchard's Maps of Germany, Italy, &c. On Twenty-fix large Sheets, 15 feet by 8.
]Y[R- STOCKDALE refpeafully informs the Public, that in confe- quence of the numerous applications, be has been obliged to re-open his Subfcription to the above Maps for a few days, on the following terms :
Chauchard's Maps, as firfl: arrnownced, with the accorhpanying
Volume, at the original price of - -, 3 3©
An Addition of Nine large Sheets, comprehending the Southern
Part of Italy, Sicily, Corfica, Sardinia, &c. - i 11 6
And, (annexed to the gratuitous Volume, Statiftical Tables of the whole of Europe, fhowing at one View the State of each Power (to Non-Subfcribers, ll. is.) - 0106
Tiie moft convenient mode of having the Maps will be half-
bound as an Atlas, the expence of which will be • - o 1 5 o
The Subfcribers, prior to the firft inft. have the option of taking thefe Additions or not, as they think proper, at the above prices : but thofe who may now favour Mr. Stockdale with their Names, will pleafe to obferve, that the Subfcription is for the whole together. It is not probable that any Subfcriber will have To valuable a work incomplete for the fmall additional amount.
The price to Non- Subfcribers to the work, complete as above, wiPl be Eight Guineas.
A third proof fpecimen, with the Volume complete, may be feen at Mr. Stockdale's. — The delivery of the Maps, &c. will take place on His Majefty's Birth Day, when payment for the fame will be required. The gratuitous Volume will be publiflied to Non-Subfcribers on that Day, at the price of 2I, 12s. 6d. in boards.
A Liftof the Subfcribers, already amounting to upwards of 2,500 Ladies and Gentlemen, and daily increafing, will be printed.
Piccat//'//)'. izih May, 1800.
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