oH | ee 95.3 Le oe } \ DAL. CON A Sa 2 ce, .W516 | a Vi12 WwW, Codlete no, 104 Division of Molinaixe Sectional Litware American Scientist. Vol. XII. No. 8. : Gain Established 1884. 5 THE WEST AMERICAN SCIENTIST. _ Published monthly. Price 10¢ a copy; $1 a year; $10 for life. Charles Russell Orcutt, Editor, Number 365 Twenty-first Street, _ San Diego, California, U. J. 8. AL | ADVERTISEMENTS. — Sa Publicity is the life of trade, the key . to modern business. success. Let the world know what you have, and what you can do, and you will be kept busy, if you have valid claims, properly pre- sented, worthy of attention. There are many ways—often delusive—of obtain- ing publicity. Experienced business men prefer space in periodicals—news- papers or magazines—to_ circulars, sign boards, hotel registers, and a thousand airs ways ‘invented by solicitors. Magazines derive the larger” portion of their income from selling space in their pages, Scientific magazines have often failed for lack of sufficient effort to win this patronage from ‘the business world. Quality is often valued as highly as circulation. We aim to ‘supply both to our customers, and will treat our ad-~ vertising pages as carefully as our edi~ torials. | a The flat rate will prevail in our. bata Twenty-five cents a line, nonpareil, ‘each insertion. ORCUTT, San ieee California. Insurance Agent and Notary Public. : DODSON, ‘A. Ez: No. 909 Fourth St., San Diego, Cal, ie MINERALS. ei STILWELL, L. W.: Deadwood, So. Dak. ah Lig: January, 1902. des THSCH Wy? ES _ MAY 5 0 1969 Whole No. 109. ATTORNEYS. CONKLIN, N. H:: Practices in all courts of ‘ig state and United States. No. 920 Fifth street. HAMMACK, N. 8: Real Estate and Loans. Lawyer Blk. LAKESIDE HOTEL Lakeside, San Diego county, California. , ”~ i This Hotel is a convenient place to stop on the way to and from the mines. * First Class in every respect. Telephone and telegraph. Baths and electric bells. Baverstock & Staples, Assayers and 322 W. Ist street, - Analysts. Los Hngeles, Cal, = Mines examined. Thoroughly equipped for for 500 Ib tests. GARDEN AND FOREST: | Odd numbers wanted in exchange. ORCUTT, San cntea seit California. Paes GOING Ue tees Wanted—One peso of Paruguay. Me frs ofr Helvetia. FOR SALB — BOOKS. BOOKS AND MAGAZINES. ORCUTT, San Diego, California. PARIES ss \ A our ‘schools, Mt ohely Mie To RDUCATIONAL Instr We will give toany college or school, raphy, etc, collected while present supply lasts (and we have 4- page 8° numbers, _ 100,000 duplicate specimens), a collection f As 131 FOSSILS. 40 named tertiary fossils, ORCUTT, San Dew Botany of Cal ifornial This work, in 2 large volumes, may _ be had for $12—$1 extra for ransportation. {06F" Botany of Southern California’ isa pamphlet of about 70 pages, by Charles Russell Orcutt, editor. oft the West Am- —erican Scientist, San Die; 0, California, containing a provisional ct neck-list of the known species, with lescriptions and economic notes concerning manv. $1 ORCUTT, San Diego, ‘California. Review of the Cactaceze By Charles Russell Orcutt. Original descript- ions carefully compiled and teprinted, with ‘Synonymy, and bibliographical references as complete as the author’ s library will permit. Hlustrated. Copious excerpts, with field and garden notes. Vol. Lis devoted to the Species ; of the United states, ao issued in 4 parts at $3 “Very valuable....-. ove all works that come to my table I want a. ‘complete set of this. »_Thomas Meehan. Late § Edition limited to200 copies. ORCUTT, San Diego, apace? “5 — ee rUTTONS:- —f of 100 ¥arieties of shells, mainly with printed labe. » On the fol- lowing conditions:—_ _ 1—That the school de provide asuit- ‘ able cabinet for its Boraeeen Ladagas _ tion and display. oe : 2—That the school shall Bepeerihe. for, 1 year to CALIFORNIA ART & vaeabt A aa pay transportation on specimens. — _ Estimated value of collection i is fio. j ART & NATURE COMPANY, No. 868 Fifteenth Street, San Diego, California. # ‘The West American Scientist | Br al of value for our horsey « museum. é The West “American Scientist. Descriptions, notes; eS We also. offer. tinerals, fos: “including ( sils, etc.—mostly | Califorr ‘ot namedand = ¢ ua ‘Kindly “re 0 with us in ting Keen 132 50 YEARS’ y EXPERIENCE ~—> ¥ TRADE Manks DESIGNS | CoPYRIGHTS. &e. Anyone sending a sketch and de eription m: quickly ascertain our opinion free whether ‘invention is probably patentable. Communica- — tions strictly confidential. Handbookon Patents sent free. Oldest a rouse Aer @ patents. — ( \ Patents taken through | Munn . Co. ance ou special notice, without Ait e, in in the Scientific At A handsomely plncieoiai culation of any seientifi year; four months, $1. y MUNN & Cos Branch Office, The West American Scientist. — Vol. XII. No. 8. Established 1884. THE WEST AMERICAN SCIENTIST. Published monthly. Price 10c a copy; $1 a year; $10 for life. Charles Russell Orcutt, Editor, Number 365 Twenty-first Street, San Diego, California, U. S. A. SAN DIEGO SOCIETY OF NATURAL HISTORY. On the first day of October, A. D. 1874, Dr. George W. Barnes, Charles Coleman, Jr., (principal of the public school), J. B. Wells (local obseryer of the U. S. Signal Service), Charles J. Fox, L. L. Roberts, W. F. Allen, O. N. Sanford, L. B. Wilson, George W. Mars- ton, E. W. Hendrick and Daniel Cleve- land, met at Mr. Cleveland’s office in this city and effected the preliminary organization of the San Diego Society of Natural History. Of these eleven persons, the first four have died, the next four have removed from this coun~ ty, while the last three of them still reside here. Articles of incorporation were filed October 14, 1874. On the 2d of November, 1874, the permanent organiz- ation was effected by the election of the following officers: President, Dr. Gorge W. Barnes; vice-president, Dan- iel Cleveland: secretary, E. W. Hen- drick, and treasurer, O. N. Sanford. Dr. Barnes held the office of president until his resignation was presented, because of failing health, about one year before his death, in February, 1890. He was succeeded by Daniel Cleveland, who has been president ever since, with the exception of the years 1892-3, when the Rey. B. F. McDaniel, now of Newton, Mass., was the incumbent. The object of the society, as declared January, 1902. Whole No. I09. in its constitution, is ‘‘the study of na~ ture, the acquirement and diffusion of scientific knowledge, and the collection and preservation of materials pertain~< ing thereto.” To this purpose the society has ever remained true, during the twenty-seven years of its existence, and it is be- lieved that this association is the first scientific society organized in this state south of San Francisco. During its first year, meetings were held weekly, and were always well attended. There~ after, the meetings, held once a month, were interesting and successful. About 1889, however, interest in the sciety seemed to abate somewhat, and for some years meetings were not regularly held. It is hoped that the time has now come when the regular meetings and work of the society can be successfully resumed. . In this brief article upon the society only a small portion of its work, and a few items of special interest connected with it, can be mentioned. At one of the first regular meetings of the society —Nov. 9, 1874—contributions of scien. tific material—biological and literary— began to flow in, and have continea, until the society has now amassed a considerable museum and library. Un- fortunately, as the society possesses no building of its own, this material is packed away where it is not accessible. As early as July, 1875, the society, at the request of Gen. Myer, Chief Signat Officer, U. S. A., appointed a local me- teorological committee to co-operate with him. Later in the year, this com. mittee, aided by an appropriation of 3100, granted by the county board of supervisors, established at different 131 points in the interior of this county ten weather stations, equipped with alt the necessary instruments, blanks ana books for observing, reporting’ and re~ cording meteorological conditions. Res~ ident volunteer observers were secured for all the stations, who reported to the society, which, in turn, reported to the chief signal officer. Stations were thus established at Banner, Campo, Hi Cajon, Juiian, Pine Valley, Poway, San Pasqual, Stonewall mine, in the Cuya- maca valley, and at Temecula, and were maintained—according to the good faith and perserveranrce of the observer —for periods ranging from one to ten _years. The meteorological data thus ob- tained by the society is interesting and valuable. In this conenction, attention may be called to a few interesting ‘‘weather” items contained in the records of the society. On the 12th of March, 1876, J. S. Harbison reported to the society that ‘‘while certain curious clouds were visible, the atmosphere had qualities unfavorable to honey making. Dr. Barnes thought that northerly winds “contained more electricity, and may have some effect in this way. Mr: Har- bison stated further that while these ‘curious clouds’ were present horses seemed to be nervous. Doctors had ob-~ served at such time unusual uervous- ness in their patients.’”’ On Sept. 7, 1877, it was stated by the meteorologicat committee that “settlers regarded this season—18&76-7—as the dryest year they have known in San Diego county, as is indicated by the drying up of the la- goons, streams, springs, etc.; the limit. ed rainfall of the season (amounting to only 3.63 inches), and the rapidity of exaporation caused by the unusuai heat, and the drying (north) winds.” Nov. 2, 1877, “C. J. Fox called attention to the unusually early precipitation of snow on the Cuyamaca mountains, which occurred October 29, 1877.’ Bril- liant meteors were observed here Nov. 30, 1877. Dr. Barnes reported that in the fourteen months during which the sunset observations of the sky had been made at San Diego, 86 per cent of the. forecasts of the anticipated weather for the succeeding twenty-four hours had been verified. Dec. 6, 1878, Dr. Barnes The West American Scientist. United States is concerned, San pide? has a unique record in the amount of SY sunshine in,the winter months, _ and | threughout the year—the amount of — sunshine being relatively very great during the winter months—when it is © needed—and small during the summer months, when it would be objection able.’’ ‘ F Oct. 11, 1879 the meteorclogical com mittee reported successful tests for ozone made at the San Diego and Cam. po weather stations for September, 1879. mt The oid bronze cannon, “El Jupiter cast at Manila in 1798, was brougt ; from Old San Diego in Nevember, 1876, to celebrate the supposed election o Samuel J. Tilden to the presidency, ee Gen. R. B. Hays. In December, 1880, “ some mischevious boys filled the YS ‘with mud and fired it at night, ho to make a great noise, in which t succeeded, bursting the cannon and most killing one of the boys at the sai time, The fragments of the gun we owners of oe ara donated it in writing to the society, and the board of city yi trustees confirmed. this action. © Mr. ‘ Bailey surrendered the gun to the ciety, which had the pieces put toget er. Jan. 17, 1882, the board of city ti tees presented to the society, from t city ey a letter written in 1850 by Capt. J. Hayden, U.S. A., to J. H. Bedn, then aleade of San Diego, rela a ing to the history of this old canno May 13, 1898, ‘El Jupiter” was plac on exhibition at the chamber MSs com merce, where it now is. “ _ May 7, 1880, a fine specimen of | ‘California vulture (Cathartes Califor - nianus), which had long been shot vi the Cuyamaca mountains, was Dp sented to the society. It measured mea be Se ACrOSs | the Wane nese as. there. was then Hg dermist at San Diego. wie Jan. 17, 1882, Tueodore L. Rog S, A } ® | Ochs ean ‘days before by Dr. 133 president of the California Southern - Railway company, donated to the soci- ety the first passenger Hicket issued by said company. March 10, 1882, D. Cleveland exhibited a specimen of Ophlogtosum, recently named O. Californicum—a new species -—which was collected at San Diego in 1850 by Dr. C. C. Parry, then botanist of the Mexican Boundary Commission, The plant was lost, with others, in trans- mission to the east, and not seen again until it was rediscovered here, a few Parry and Mr. Cleveland. Nov. 2, 1883, Mrs. Z. Cronyn . reported that some tubers of the com- on potato (Solanum tuberosum) which had been collected by J. G. Lemmon,. among the indigeuous plants of the Chirricahua mountains of Arizona, were planted by her and had yielded a good _ crop of tubers of increased size. ois is, perhaps, the first discovery of the potato as indigeuous to North America, “It is generally regarded as a South American plant, naturalized in North America and Europe. Noy. 2, 1883, Mr. Cleveland presented a written communication upon Pinus Torreyana, growing in Soledad canyon, A committee was appointed to take measures to protect this rare tree. Au» gust 7, 1883, Joseph Surr reported that, at the request of this committee, the county board of supervisors, and the board of city trustees had each passed ordinances offering a reward of $100 for the arrest and conviction of any person who should cut, destroy, or injure any ef these trees. This action stopped the - eutting down and sale of said trees for fire wood, which at one time threatened the destruction of the whole grove.. July 24, 1899, the common council of the city of San Diego, by ordinance, reserved the land—about 369 acres— upon which these trees are standing, as a public park, designating it as ‘Torrey Pine Park.’’ The park contains about 2.700 trees, and is located about twenty miles north of the city center, though within the municipal limits. | Oct. 2, 1884, on motion of John G. Capron, it was resolved that the United States congress be petitioned to grant to this society sections 12, 13 and 14 on The West American Scientist. ae 134 San Miguel mountain for an astronom~ ical observatory. The petition wag sent, prominent senators ane represen- tatives became favorably interested in the project, and at one time it seemed as though the grant would be made. In March, 1887, E. W. Morse and Mary C. Morse, his wife, donated to the society, lot I in block 18 of Horton’ s ad- dition, upon which Unity hall. now stands, under a lease from this society. The society pledged itself to erect a building upon the lot for the use of the society..as soon as practicable. Aug. 26, 1887, Henry Hemphill donated a large collection of shells to the soci- ety. In the winter of 1892-3 the chamber of commerce undertook the preparation of an exhibit of fishes, in alcohol—the property of this society—for the Colum- bian exposition at Chicago in 1893. Dec. 10, 1897, E. W. Morse reported the successful grafting, at Alpine, in this county, of the eastern chestnut upon the common oak. Many scientific papers have been pre-~ sented, and many interesting lectures and addresses have been made to the society. Some of these have been of much more than local and transient in- terest and value. At present the so- ciety meets monthly at the house of some member. Papers are presented and addresses made upon some scien- tific subject (often one of special loca} interest), announced the _ previous month. The December, 1901, meeting was held at the residence of Miss Lena Polhamus, and the subject discussed was the marine life of San Diegan wa- ters. ¢ The society begins the year 1902 out of debt, with a respectable cash bal- ance in the treasury, and owns a valu- able building lot centrally located, upon which, it is hoped, a building for the society willbeerectedinthe near future: The present officers of the society are: President, Daniel Cleveland; vice- president, Mrs. Harriet Phillips; secre-~ tary, Will H. Holcomb, and treasurer, Theodore Fintzelberg. DANIEL CLEVELAND. 135 The West American Scientist. 136 PERIODICALS. AMERICAN BOTANIST: Binghamton, N. Y. Asa Gray bulletin: ii 4 6; iii 8-11; iv 1 2 4-6; v I 2 4-6; vi-viii 1-6 each wanted. AMERICAN ECONOMIST: No. 135 W. 23d st., New York, N. Y. AMERICAN ORNITHOLOGY: Chas. K. Read, Sta. A. Worcester, Mass.; 59 cts a year (monthly). “The best illustrated bird magazine.” Send 16 cts for 3 months’ trial. birds, nests and eggs. BOTANICAL GAZETTE: i eae a 78 Orange st., Brooklyn, . Pictures of With the January number the Bryolo- gist becomes a bi-monthly. The feat- ures of the year will be a series of notes on nomenclature, by Mrs. Elizabeth G. Britton; a continuation of the illurtrated ' series on the liceens by Mrs. Harris, and of the hepatics by Mr. Barbour; descrip- tions and illustrations of new and rare mosses; popular articles with keys on the more difficuit genera, as well as tech nical articles by specialists. Its pages are open to receive notes and short arti- cles from students of the mosses, hepat- ics and lichens. $1 a year, 20c. a copy— sample free. Vols. 1-4 and index, $1.50. Address Mrsr Annie Morrill Smith, 78 Orange st., Brooklyn, N. Y. CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST: No. 429 Wellington st., London, Ont., Canada. CHRISTIAN ADVOCATE: Beaver Springs, Pa. CONDOR: Santa Clara, California, Bi-monthly bulletin of the Cooper or- nithological club. CURRENT ADVERTISING: Published monthly by Charles Austin Bates, New York. $2 a year. COON aap AND MINING JOUR- 253 Broadway, New York. | “The best and most influential mining paper in the world.” Weekly edition, $5 a year; monthly, $1.50 a year. Specimen copy free. EVANGEL: Scranton, Pa. FARM AND FIRESIDE: Springfield, Ohio, FERN BULLETIN: Binghamton, N. Y. FLORISTS’ EXCHANGE: GARDENING: HEALTH-CULTURE: No. 503 Fifth Avenue, New York. This popular paper is a practical wide- awake magazine of physical culture and hygiene. The editorials consider a number of timely topics. This maga- zine contains a great amount of miscel- laneous matter pertaining to health cul- ture, including Answers to Correspond- ents, book notices, etc, and certainly well worth the price, 10 cents a number, or $1.00. a year. LADIES’ HOME JOURNAL: Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Far surpasses its rivals, and become the highest type ol artistic printing, with high literary merit. MEERHAN’S MONTHLY: , Devoted to general gardening and wild flowers. $2 a year. Germantown, Phila- delphia, Pa. Each issue contains a col- ored portrait by Prang of some American wild plant or flower, with description, and various notes on herticulture. MINERAL COLLECTOR: No. 238 Greene street, New York, N. Y. The only magazine in the country de- voted entirely to mineralogy. Exchange page free to subscribers. Send for sarm- ple copy. Published monthly, $1.00 a year. Now in its eighth year. Arthur Chamberlain, Editor. MINING: Spokane, Washington. Journal of the northwest mining asso- @iation. $1 a yr. Monthly. MINNESOTA BOTANICAL STUDIES: MONATSSCHRIFT fur Kakteenkunde: MONITOR: Hamburg, Ill. MUHLENBERGIA: i No. 547 W. Walnut st., Lancaster, Pa. A journal of botany edited and pub- lished by A. A. Heller. $1 a volume. NATURH STUDY: Manchester, N. H. NAUTILUS: d Cor. 19th and Race sts., Philadelphia, Pa. Devoted to the interests of concholo- gists. Monthly, $1 a year. OHIO NATURALIST: Columbus, O. Published by the biological club of the Ohio state university. 50ec a year of 8 numbers. : - OOLOGIST: Albion, N. Y. PACIFIC ENSIGN: PHILATELIC West and Camera News: Superior, Nebraska : PITTONIA: : POPULAR SCIENCE NEWS: No. 108 Fulton street, New York, N. Y. PRESS AND HORTICULTURIST: © RAILROAD DIGEST: No 132 Nassau st., New York, N. Y. RHODORA: 150 Commercial st., Bos- tom Mass. SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN: SENTINEL: Ramona, Cal. 5 Published by John G. Overshiner—the only paper published in the 3d Supervi- soral istrict, which represents the hor- ticultural, agricultural, mineral and com- mercial interests of the Back Countryin- _ particular and San Diego county in gen- eral. $1 a year. Advertising reasonable. SUCCESS WITH FLOWERS: West Grove, Pennsylvania. VACCINATION: No. 132 N. 12th st., Terre Haute, Ind. Issued monthly for the Anti-Vaccina- tion society of America. VERMONT JOURNAL: Windsor, Vt. 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After using one bottle her Asthma hed disappeared and she is entirely free from all symptoms. Ifeelthat I can consistently recommend the medicine to ali who are afflicted with this distressing disease. Yours respectfully, O.D, PHELPS, M. D. Dye, a ; ' eee eee f Dr. Tart Bros. MEDICINE Co. 67 E. 129th st., N. Y., Feb. 5, 1gor. Gentlenien: I was troubled with Asthma for 22 years. Ihave tried numerous remedies, but they have all failed. [ ran across your advertisementand started with a trial bottle. I forand relief atonce. I haye since purchased your full-size bottle, and I am ever grateful. T havea _ doing business every day. This testimony you can make such use of as you sey fit. _ Homeaddress, 235 Rivington street. 8. RAPHAEL. TRIAL BOTTLE SENT ABSOLUTELY FREE ON RECEIPT OF POSTAL. ai Do not delay, write at once Dr. Tarr Bros. MEDICINE Co., 79 E. 130th st. N. ¥. oh ae ease, Asthma, and thought you had over — ' family of 4 children, and for 6 years was unable to work. Iam now in the bestof healthandam - zee a - T09 ‘The West American Scientist. 110 American and Mexican: Mining Co. MINES of San Francisco, California. — Mines examined. Conservative reports The objects of this association are to furnished. Rare minerals, meteorites, further the systematic and scientific gems, pearls, etc. wanted, exploration of West America, and te Among properties which have been in foster and promote in every legitimate, oyr hands for disposal, are mines or Manner the various branches of the ‘prospects’ in great variety, including mineral industries. There are hun- Antimony. Copper, Gold, Iron, Lithium, dreds of umdeveloped mineral proper- Marble, Mica, Moly bdenite, Nickel, Sul ties in the western United States and yphur, Wo'framite, Zinc, etc. Mexico, containing gold, silver, copper, We would be pleased to submit prop- iron, lead, and other metals, or valu- ogitions to investors, or to list good im- able minerals, waiting for some one proved or undeveloped properties | with eapital and business judgment to ORCUTT, San Diego, California. turn them into paying mines. No in- be 99 i ld rospeéct”” has vestment yields better returns than a peo ,fe0, miNns gold “prospect” hes good mine. But there are thousands have an spn rahe eae other. work ings, with a 5-foot ledge of ore a ying ef alleged ‘mines or prospects, and $15.60 per: ton.’ ‘Good roads,’ wood and many fortunes have been spent on water. Price, $20,000. An examination worthless claims, while valuable prop- and conservative report will be made on erties are often ignored for years, until reasonable terms. Address the editor. chance o educatio reveals their val- a Y ero ao x SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA. Mr. J. F. Delgado, No. 564 Fourth Residence and business property. i: street, San Diego, California, as man- proved or unimproved. Ranches, <— _ager of this company, has become ac- lands for colonization, for sale or trade quainted with a great. variety of mines Mining property a Specialty. . and prospects and made wide acquain- f Oil lands i in large or sniall tracts. tance among prospectors and miners Investments recommended. z ; Loans negotiated Taxespaid, etc. in this state and in Lower California, “ORCUTT San Diego, California. Sonora, Sinaloa- and elsewhere. He has. “ @ comp'vete assay office and spacious quarters at low rental, the assay outfit Purchase your costing over $500, and besides - a good 4 prospecting outfit in California, and is | i FOOT" W BAR at supplied with an equally good outfit: for field work in Lower California, ana LLEWELYN’ s, is himself a practical prospector and ae 28 Fifth street. miner, with years of experience. Hav- ing received numerous applications from mine owners for the tr eatment OF. ores, he is now desirous of adding 2h) 1) Sah custom mill for the extraction of gold see a ER. GROUP. and Bes metals, Over 175 tons of One claim of 20.66 acres, patented. 0 ore are now awaiiing the proposed ‘Byun confuous elas, unpatented, plant, for which no doubt abundant ~ Siieaatbed ‘on the west side of the Penos work could be pete had, AS Mr. f Seah range, canes. as cappes Pagel an ‘county, New xico miles wes Deleado 4s meecusar Mi much in the | ‘of tha town of Penos Altos, and 8 miles field examining mines or conducting north, of Silver City, the county seat and mining operations, he desires a@ wor pe Hine o¢ ie City, ¢008 “ ee feet. Al- ing, resident partner with some cap- ituda of Silver City, | ee y ital to take charge of the custom ‘mill, af oe S emciins,' > to 60 ner cent. cop, per, containing lime in a few places ati- and to attend to the corre snannacnge) a ee ‘dolomite wall. Shipments of ore the company when he is absent. a verage ae 3 per cent. copper, iron and BS hal ilies “ne asd An excellent opportunity. for Rk ‘Price, "$50, ot; six. ‘months’ developing right man to engage in a profitab occupation. Correspondence aiinoas bond; sh ping privileges, UTTER, oR b> 'Silv tae cise ‘New Mexico. f ape ae WOOL LUUN 3 9088 01425 0948