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Ai ‘Botany of Southern California’ is a pamphlet of about 70 pages, by Charles Russell Orcutt, editor of the West Am- erican Scientist, San Diego, California, containing a provisional check-list of the known species, with descriptions and economic notes concerning nfany. $1 ORCUTT, San Diego, California. Review of the Cactacez By Charles Russell Oreutt. Original descript- ions carefully compiled and reprinted, with synonymy, and bibliographical references as complete as the author’s library will permit. Illustrated. Copious excerpts, with field and garden notes. Vol. Lis devoted to the species of the United states, and issued iu 4 parts at? “Very valuable -.-_--- aboveall works that come tomy table 1 want a complete set of this.’—Thomas Meehan. Edition limited to 200 copies. ORCUTT, San Diego, California. _ ee ee Established 1882 The ORCUTT SEED and PLANT Com- pany, San Diego, California. Collectors, Importers, and Growers. Wholesale and Retail. Cab_e address: ORCUTT. 4 cy 37 duces peculiar intoxicating effects sim- ilar to those from the use of opium, and the plant enters into certain re- ligious rites of the Indians of the Sierra Madre mountains in Mexico. A power- ful drug is prepared from the plant by chemists. ECHINOCACTUS Mueh. ECHINOCACTUS WISLIZENI Engelm. Variety ALBISPINA Tourmey. Variety DECIPIENS Engelmann. Genus ECHINOCEREUS tMngelmann. Included under the genus Cereus. E. Ba aes Lem, is Cereus Berlandi- eri E, E. Blankii Palm, is Cereus Blankii Pos. Echinocereus conglomeratus F, is Cereus polyacanthus. Echinocereus leeanus Lem, is polyacamthus. Echinocereus leonensis Maths, is Cereus leonensis. E. Leptacanthus KS, is Cereus leptacan- thus S. Echinocereus Merkeri Hi.dm, Merkeri. Ech.nocereus paucispinus Lem, is Cereus polyacanthus. E. procumbens Lem, is Cereus procum- bens E.,, E. pulchellus KS, is Cereus pulchellus Pf E. Saim-Dyckianus Scheer, is Cereus Salm-Dyck:anus Web. E. Scheeri Lem, is Cereus Scheeri S. E. subinermis 5, is Cereus subinermis. E. tuberosus Rumpl, is Cereus tuberosus Pos. f Genus ECHINOPSIS Zuccarini. Included under the genus Cereus. B.HINOPSIS AMOENISSIMA Wend. EHCnHINOPSIs CA'tsMARCENSIS Web. ECHINOPSIS CINNABARINA Lab. Relivia, South America. ECHINOPSIS DROEGEANA Berge. ECHINOPSIS DUCIS-PAULI F. EChHINOPS'S EYRIESII Zucc. BCHINO-SIS KORMOSA Jac. ECHINOPSIS GEMMATA KS. Brazil, South America. ECHINOPSIS HUOTTII Lab. ECHINOPSIS KUOTTII Schlumb. ECHINOPSIS LAGEMANNII Dietr. ECHINOPSIS LEUCANTHA Walp. ECHINOPSIS MULLERI. A hybrid, of rapid growth, blooming early, and with its large satiny rose-colored flowers is justly called the finest of its class. ECHINOPSIS MULTIPLEX Zucc. Brazil, South America. ECHINOPSTS NIGRICANS Link. ECHINOPSIS OBREIPANDA KS. Bolivia, South America. ECHINOPSIS OXYGONA Zucc. Brazil, South America. ECHINOPSIS PENTLANDII S. Peru, South America. BHCHINOPSIS PUDANTII Hort. ECHINOPSIS RHODACANTHA S&S. ECHINOPSIS ROHLANDII Hort. ECHINOPSIS| SALMIANA Web. Variety RPIDGES'I KS. see Ne sags SCHICKENDANTZII eb. WIPPERMANNII Cereus is Cereus Cacti.—Orcutt. 38 EICHINOPSIS SIMPLEX Niedt. ECHINOPSIS TOUGARDII L’Her. ECHINOPSIS TUBIFLORA Zucce. Variety NIGRISPINA KS. Echinopsis turbinata Zuce, is gemmata fide KS. - ECHINOPSIS VALIDA Monv. Paraguay Republic. South America. Variety FORBESII R. Mey. ECHINOPSIS WILKENSII Hort. Echinopsis zuceatinii (zuccatiniana) Pf, is tubiflora fide KS. Epithelantha micromeris Web, is Mam- millaria micromeris Engelmann. Genus EPIPHYLLUM Pfeiffer. EPIPHYLLUM ALTENSTEINII Pfr. EPIPHYLLUM GUEDNEYRT Houl. EPIP?= YLLUM MACKOYANUM Bort. EFIFHYLLUM OBOVATUM E. EPIPHYLLUM RUSSELTANUM Hook. EPIPHYLLUM TRUNCATUM Haw. Inch, Crab, or Lobster Cactus: a native of Brazil. popular as a house plant. GRUSONIA CEREIFORMIS F Rchb, is Opuntia cer-iformis Web fide KS. Genus GYMNOCALYCIUM Pfeiffer. giLbosum Pf, is Echisocactus mon- Villei. G. reductum Pf, is Echinocactus gibbo- sus. G. vil'osum F, is Echinocactus villosus. Genus LEPISMIUM Pfeiffer. The published species, as far as known, are considered as ‘ynonyms of Rhiysalis. Genus LEUCHTENBERGIA Fisch. LEUCHTENBERGIA PRINCIPIS Fisch. Near Zimipan, Mexico. Genus LOPHOPHORA Coulter. LOPHOPHORA WILLIAMSII Coulter. See schinocactus williamsii. Genus MALACOCARPUS Salm. Nearly all the published species are con- sidered as synonyms of E’chinocacti, of the same specific names. The identity of M. Martini Labour, (ex Foerster, Handb Cact ed 2, 1:454) and habitat are unknown. Genus MAMMILLARIA Haworth. “Flowers about 2s long as wide; the tube campanulate or funnel--haped. Gva- ry often hidden between the bases of the tubercles, as well as the easert succulent berry, naked. Seeds yellowish-brown to black, exalkuminous or nearly so. Em- bryo mostly short and straight, with ex- tremely short cotyledons parallel to the sides of the seed.—Small, more or less g obcse or oval simple or cespitose plants, the spine-bearing areolae Lorne on cylin- dric, oval, conic, or angular tubercles, which cover the body of the plant. Flow- ers form a distinct woolly or br’stly areo- la at the base of these tuberc.es, fully open in sunlight, mostiy only for a few hours.’’—E. Subgenus COCHEMIEA. Plants ecyl- indrical, usually much elongated, with watery juice. and grooveless tubercles. Flowers mostly in a rirg near the ver- tex, several times longer than broad, 39 Cacti.—Orcutt. 40 MAMMILLARIA MEIACANTHA H#ngelm. MAMMILLARIA PECTINATA Engelm. MAMMILLARIA BOCASANA Poselg. MAMMILLARIA LASIACANTHA Engelm. MAMMILLARIA WRIGHTII Engeim. 41 scarlet, tubular, slender, somewhat curv- €u, and obigue with spreaaing, unequal, petaioid sepals, so making the flower ap- parently doubie as in Cereus flageliiform- is. Stamens and style red, exserted. LIAR MILLARIA HALEI Brandegee. Ca_spitose, stems §8-10, about a foot high, 2-3 inches in diameter, straight, cov- ered with dark-colored straight spines; tu- bercles short, rounded, wooily in the ax- ils; spines 15-25, % inch long, with 3-4 of the interior ones stouter and an inch long; flowers an inch long, vertical from the ax- ils of young tubercles, scarlet; sepals all searlet, petaloid; anthers scarlet, fila- ments exserted, yellowish, stigma scarlet: fruit red, clavate, % inch long; seeds smooth. A handsome species, seen only upon Magdalena and Santa Margarita Is- lands, where it is very abundant.’’—Bran- degee Cal ac pr sr 2, 2:161, t 6. MAMMILLARIA FONDII Greene. _ #rom a iew inches to a foot high, sim- pie cr w-th a few oval or cylindricaily ciongatel branches; g.owing parts to- mentose: radial spines 20-30, white, slen- der; central 4 or 5, the longest more than an inch in length, rigid and strongly book d, ¢€a k browa avsove the middie: flowers nearly 4% inches long, bright scar- lt. Near M. Good.ijgii, and di-fering from it in its large size and brilliantly ec) ored ‘arze flowers. The plants were n flower .n »ebruary. ‘lhe species comes f.o.u1 the southwestern part of Cedros a oe Fi.toria 1:268 (20 Mr trvit 20 mm Icng, 10 min greater diam- eter, greenish, tase imbedded in wool, re- m:ins of flower persistent, pulp slightly acid, greenish (May 6, 189i): seeds 0.5 mm in d’ameter. MAMMILLAPTA ROSEANA Bndg. “Stems numerous irom the root, spreading, curved, ascending, one-third to Z mm _ ‘ong, 4 em thick; mamillae ar- rangel ii qeineunxial order, 15 mm apart, eylindiical, 12 mm .ong, white-woolly in the vpper axils; pulvinae finely pubscent; racial spines .-9 in number, 9-12 mm long, brow. o- straw colored, the single cen- tral spine 25 mm jong, curved, hooked at the tip; flowers from the axils of the up- per trami lae, 3 ‘mi long; sepals and pet- as bri ht scirle , jcized into a tube, spreading at ihcir tips, in several series; stamens and style searlet; style branches 5-7; fruit scarlet, pyriform. 6-8 mm long; seeds black, p'tted; ecctyledons united, only a depressed line at their tips; albu- men none.—Throughout the lower eleva- tions of the Cane Region and northward to Calma’li. Th’s cactus is one of the most sh wy of Lower Caiforna. Dr, Palmer collected it at La Paz and it is No. 139 of the list from that place in Contr. U. S. Herb. No. 3 ,catalogued by Mr. Pose. for whom it is appropriately named. The stems pendent from rocks at Comondu are sometimes 6 feet long. ‘This species and M. Halei of Magdalena and Santa Margarita Islands have simi- lar fowers, fruit and seeds. The seeds of M. Halet were wrongly described as smooth; they are pitted in the same man- ner as those of this species.’’—Br Zoe 2:19 (Ap 1891). f Cacti —Orcutt. 42 MAMM'LLARIA SENILIS Ledd. Stem columnar, 2 am high, 5 cm diameter, prvliferous at base in age, axils naked, brilliant green; arec! S tomentose, tomentum « sp ues woite; racials very numerous, flexible, crini- form, +6 ceutrals stronger, the upper hooked. “Giowson palms, San Luis Potosi.” Variety HASSELOFILIS [M hasselofii Ehj. | >pines more numerous, all criniform. Variety LINKEI §[M linkei Eh]. Cen ralspines all hoo. ed, MAMMILLARIA SETISPINA E. “Cactus setispinus: fascicuiate and as- cenaing, simple or branched at base, the stems about 20 em high and 3-6 cm 1n di- ame.er, Gensely covered w:.th 1remarkably long stout sS».nes: tubercles snort and broadly conical, wih axillary wool: spines white, with black t.ps; radials 10- 12, wide y spreading, very unequal, 10-3 mm long, slender and fiexuous; central spines 1-4, more rig d and much longer (20-5°mm), the upper ones stiaight, the lowest one ongest ard hooked \usually upwards) and often vaiiously curved and twisted: fru t obovate and scarlet, £0 mm long: seeds black and pitted. Type, Gabb 15 in Herb. Mo. Bot. Gard. Rocky or gravelly soil, San Julio canyon, and in the vicinity of San Borgia, Lower Cali- fornia.’’-—Coulter Cont U S Nat Hb 3: 106 (0 Je 1894). Subgenus CORYPHANTHA. Plants globose or elongated, often robust, with watery juice. Tubercles (in age) grooved on the upper side. Flowers as in HKumam- illaria, but some at the extremity of the groove in the axils of young tubercles, usually near the vertex of the plant. MAMMILLARIA ALVERSONI Hort. The Fox-tail cactus is of robust hranching habit, densely covered with long steut straight spines, usually tip- ped with black or black half way down, shading into red, but often pure ivory white throughout. The large rose pur- ple flowers are quite showy. The larg- est of some fifty plants was a cluster of six heads measuring 3 inches in diameter and about 8 inches high. See radiosa. MAMMILLARIA ARIZONICA Engelm. See radiosa MAMMILLARIA COMPACTA E, Depressed-globose, 5-10 em diam, simple; tu- bereles short-conical, erowded, 8 mm long; ra- dials 13-16, rigid, recurved & appressed, inter- woven with adjacent clusters, whitish or horny, 10-29 mm long: central erect, often wanting; fis 3-3.5¢m Jong and broad, yellow; fruit oval, green;-eeds 1.4mm long, Smooth, yellow. Chi- huahua. MAMMILLARAA CONOIDEA P DC. Ovate-conical, simple, 3,5-10 em high,4-7 in diameter below with densely woolly vertex; tubercles close, ovate, 12 mm long, axils at first woolly; radials 10-16, ashy to white, straight, stout, 6-10 mm long; centrals 3-5, 10-16 mm 43 long, the lowerone more rigid, 15-29mm long, brownish-black; fis deep purple, 2-3 cm long & wide. San Luis Potosi; Coahuila; Nuevo Leon. MAMMILUARIA CORNIFERA P DC. MAMMILLARIA DASYACANTHA E. Mamillaria echinus E. is radians, saa LLARIA ELEPHANTIDENS em. MAMMILLLARIA MACROMERIS E. MAMMILLARIA MISSOURIENSIS Sweet hort Brit 171 [1827]. M simplex T-G Fl N Am 1:553 [1840]. M nuttallii E pl Fend 49 [1849]. M notesteinii Britton Torr el] b 18:367 [1891]. Oactus mamillaris Nutt Gen 1 :295 [1818] non x. Globose, 3.5 cm diam., simple; mamme2z ovate, 12-14mm long, slightly gruoved; radials 13-17, stralght, whitish, unequal, setaceous, 8-10 mm loag; central more robust, longer, puberulent, or wanting; fils 2.5 em long, stigmas 2-5; truit globose, Scarlet, 6-8 mm diam., seeds globose, black. pitted, l.lmmdiam. ontana, Kansas, Colorado, Nebraska, South Dakota. Star Cactus; dwarf; flowers yellow or salmon color. MAMMILLARIA NICKELSAE K Br. “Soon anid densely caespitose, glaucous and often purplish, 4-6 cm high, hemis- phericai or glubose; tubercles 10-12 mm long, becoming Guite as kroad and um- bricated; spines 14-18 ail radial, siender, at first yellowish wih dazkKer tipz, later ail gray; lower spi es 8-10 mm long, the upper one-third ionger, stcuter, ex end- ing into the groove and foiming a. fas- cicle, the clustered fa cizles mik'ng an upright tuft at ihe ver.ex; iiowers 5-( cm in fuli espansion, M. Nickelsii. Hviientiv closely relatel to M. sulcata Pngelm.’ —Kather n_ Brardegee, Zoe, 5: 31 (ag 1900). Mammiliaria pectinata E. is radians. M. POTTSII Scheer exsSaim H!) ed 2, 04. Cylindrical, 3)-35 em high, 2.5-3 diam, some- what branch'ng; tubercles ovate, obtuse, light ly grooved, axili wo» ly, radi-Js » lender, white, very u serous, rigid; centrals 6-12, s‘outer, fls pinkish; scarlet, clavate fruit. Lexas; Chiu .a- hua; Durango. Cactus pottsii OK rev gen pl 261; Coulter 112 Mleona "os A‘(?Z% 1853, ¢4:—*-stelliger:e M. eaule evlindraceo interdum prolifero diametro pollicari 4-5 poll. alto glauco, mamillis brevi- bus confertis; axillis lanatis, areoli- nudis, acu- leis exteriorinbus permultis intertexti: albidis, centralibus 8-12, exteriores superantibus fa- vescentibus, summo subcurvato albo subpurpu- rascente *”” Nuevo Leon MAMMILLARIA RADIANS P DC. MAMMILLARIA RADIOSA E. M. alversoni, arizonica, chlo-antba, deserti. MAMMILLARIA RECURVATA E. MAMMILLARIA STROBILIFORMIS Shr. MAMMILLARIA SULCOLANATA Lem. MAMMTi LIRIA VIV:PARA Haw. Puip-e and white sp-n-s cover the en- Cacti.—Orcutt. 44 tire plant; flowers bright purple, 3.5 cm long and broader when fully expanded, showy. Montana, Nebraska, Colorado, Idaho, Washington and British America —consequently one of the most hardy spe- cies known. MAMMILLARIA WISSMANNII Hildm. Section G. ANDULIFERAE, Cylindr c- al; mammae cylindrical ,icng, or ceva’ and more or less giobose; grovves bearing more or less conspicuous glands, the grooves cften absent in young p.an Ss, the gands sometimes n the axils or at the base of the tubercles. MAMMILLARIA ASTERTIAS Cels. MAMMILLARIA BREVIMAMMA Zucc. Near Zimipan, M xico. MAMMILIARIA CLAVA Pf. “Clavato-columnaris, intense viridis; axi lis tomento denso alboet glandula simplice rn! ella ipstructis, mox planissimis, nudis; mamunillis elongatis erectis, dorso sulcatis, hasi oblique tetragoni?; areolis albo-villosis infraapicalibus; aculeisr: ctis, corneis, subequalibus, radianti- bus 7, centralil, paulo longiore, crassiore.’’ —Pfr AGZ 1840, 282. Mexico—Khrenb: g. Bot mag t4358 Otto & Dietr AGZ 1845, 234-5. M dolichocentra Lem. MAMMILLARIA DOLICHOCENTRA Lm Two distinct species have been figured un- der this name by Foerster, Schumann, & Lem. Seeclava. MAMMILLARIA ERECTA Lem. MAMMILLARIA GLANDULIGERA Otto ex Dietr AGZ 1848, 298:—‘obovata, sub- glaucescens axillis nudis; mamillis brevibns, pyramidatis, subteretibns. albido-punciai-, dorso glandular roseo albo instruectis; a:eolis subnudis; aculeis exteri wibus stelratim dispos- itis numerosis flavescentibus demum albi ; centralibus ternis vel quaternis subulatis fus- cis, unico patente, czteris erectis. Mexico.” Ts Ottonis fide KS. MAMMILLARIA MACROTHELE Mart. Near Zimipan, Mexico. MAMMILLARIA OTTONIS Pf. “Globosa simplex obscure griseo-virens; ax- illis fascicnlo lanw albide et glandula rubra to- mento albo cincta instructis; mammillis crassis mammieformibus, basi jnterdum confiuenti- bus, dorso usque ad glandulam sulcatis; areolis junioribus albo-villosis; sculeis radiantibus 11- 12 subeqnalibus rigidis rectis, 2 simmis gr icili- oribus suberecti-, flavescent., apice fusc., tan- dem fusco.cinereis, centralibus 5 rarius 4, (snm- mo plerumque defiriente) subdecussatis, rigidi- oribus, corneis,infimo longissimo patente re- curvulo. ’—Pir AGZ 1838,274. Mineral de! Mon te, “exico—Ehrenserg. MAMMILLARIA SALMDYCKi ANA Scheer ex Salm HD ed 2, 134[1850]. M Scheerii Muehpf AGZ 1947, 97, non 1845. M robus'i-pina schott ex EF. M [Cactus] brownii Toumev bot 2az °}2:253 See Oreutt rev 77-78 for descriptions; itis t me the nawe sch -erii «ere drupped for iis rare 45 plant of Sonora. New Mexico, Chihuahua. Tex- as and Arizona’ the plants from San Luis Poto- siisa distinct species. MAMMILLARIA SCHEERII Muchipf. “Globosa multiplex: mammillis subglobosis superne suleatis; aculeis radiantibus 20-22 albis adpressis subdistichis, centralibus 4 rectis fus- cis, infimo valde elongato 8-10 lin. longo ”-AGZ 1845. 346; 1846, 373, is polymorpha [conoidea]. See salmdyckiana. Subgenus DOLICHOTHELE KS. MAMMILLARIA LONGIMAMMA P SC. MAMMILLARIA SPHAERICA §., Subgenus LACTESCENTES. Plants de- pressed-globose, rarely a little elongated; juice milky; tubercles usually angular and somewhat leathery. Flowers as in Eumamiillaria, but mecstly small. MAM MILLARIA ANGULARIS L-O. ra fA CAPUT-MEDUSAE i, Near Zimipan,| Mexico. M. DIACENTRa Jacobi AGZ 1856, 91. “Angulose tetragone. Canle sphzroideo, sub- umbilicato saturate viridi lactescente. M m- illis ad basin rhomboideis, obtu-e pyramidali- bus apice late aliter applanatis; pulvillis ovali- bus glabiissvbapicalibus; axil is jnnioribus nu. dis, dein floccose aibo-lanatis, serius cenuo nu- dis. setibus radialibus 5-6, diaphane albidis apice suvsphacelatis. serius ubique albidis, subulatis vix patulis, subtus et inferne recur- vulis radianter positis, 2aut 3 superioribus bre- vissimis,3 inferioribus altero tanto longioribus; aculeis centralibus 2, multo validioribus longio- ribusque, junio ibus cinereo-b:unneis apice ni- gris, dein carneo cinereis apice nigricansibus, superioreerecto sensim recurvato, inferiore recte patente Inferne recurvuio, utroque earum basin semi terete. upice rotundato, inferiore fere alterv tantum longiore. Flores parvuliru- bicundi, tubo brevissimo, circa ovarium ventri- e se dilatato, superne coarctato, petalis lancev- latis breviter recurvatis, roseis cum linea media purpurea. Staminum filamenta rosea anthe- reque sordide flav: stylus Staminibus longior roseus, Stigmatibus 6 « neoloribus. Floret mensibus Junioet Julio Planta deseripta alti- tidine triveilicari diametroque poll. 344. Acu- leorun radialivm 2 aut 3 superi lin. 1, ceteri 3, lin. 2 longi; aculeornm centralium superior lin. 6-Slongus, inferior pollicari set utra.”’ MAMMILLARIA FORMOSA Scheidw. M. FUNKII Scheidw AGZ 1841, 48.— ‘! actescens, robusta, umbilicata, laete virid- is; axillis nudis, tandem criniferii; crinibus al- bis apice nigrescentibug ex mox unicoloribus; Mmamuillis pyramidato-tetraedris; areolis inf a apicem mammillarum immersis, nudis, juniori- bus vix tomentosis; aculeis 8 maxime inequali- bus, centralil Jongissimo incurvulo, nascenti- bus fuscis, tandem griseis. Truncus 3 poll 10 Jin altus, diametro 6 pollicari; aculei exteriores 14-1-2lin. longi, centralis 44-6 lin. longus.” Mexico. MAMMILLARIA GABBII Engelm. Cactus gabbii Coulter, U S na Hb cont 3:109:—‘Globose, 5-10 cm in diameter, sim- Cacti.—Orcutt. * Gard. 46 ple, tubercles cylindrical, slender, 12-14 mm lIcng, with woolly axils; radial spines about 13, 5-8 mm long, lower ones longer and stouter, especially the latest ones pectinate; the central shorter, straigut and robust; flowers small, yellowish-red; fruit unknown.—Tyre in Herb. Mo. Bot. Among rocks, from San Ignacio to Mission San Fernando, Lower Califor- Ban: Fade — San Quintin bay, Baja Cal. (Or- eutt). Cactus brandegei Coulter, U S Na Hb cont 3:76. MAMMILLARIA GF MINATA Sche‘dw. —‘Lactescens, trunco geminato; vertice umbil- jeato; uxiliis lanstis; man millis tetragono-pol- yedris, viridibus; areclis junioribus lenatis, dein nudis; »culeis exterioribus 6 rectis. stella- tis, apice nigrescentibus; centrali 1 validiore eurvula nigro Mammil & 4 lin. long: aculei exteriores 2% lin, longi centralis longitudine 3 lin. ’—AGZ 1241, 42. 5000 ftaltr ear Oax»ca, Mex. MANMMILLARIA GIGANTEA Hildm. MAMMILLARIA GUMMIFERA E. MAMMILLARIA PEESEANA Mac Dow. MAMMILLARIA HEYDERI Muehlenpf. “Globosa, viridis, vertice impresso, axillis jurioribus !anatis, mamillis conicis, elongatis, 6 lineas longis, 3lineas latis. areolis junioribus albo-tomentosis apice mamillarnm dispositis; aculeis radiantibus 20-22 albis se'ace’s, inferiori robustiori panlulum el :ngato, centralil, erecto corneo basi apiceque fuseo 214-3 lineas longo.’’— Mhiptdt AGZ1848,20, Texas, Revel Gartenflora 1880, 52, f. Scheele. Roem Texas, 435 (1849). M. KRAMERI Muehpft AGZ 1815, 347: “Globosa. basi tandem prolifera: axillis lana- tis; mammillis angulosis pyramidalis, juniori- bus lanatis; aculeis exterioribus 4-5 rigidis, centrali 1 elongato 114-2 poll. longo, omnibus al- bis apice nigris Die pflanze ist aus Mexico, und erhielt ich dieselbe vom Kramer in Hamburg, unterden Namen M. macrantha.” Runge sent under this name from San Luis Potosi, whi: h bore flowers *4 inch Jong, % inch across, 12 maroon purple sepals, 16 white petals with maroon midvein; 6 stigmata, style, fila- ments and anthers white M Schmidtii (schmittii) Ske. M. LEUCOTRICHA Scheidw AGZ 1840, 338: “M. lactescens, simplex vel cxspitosa, cylin- driea, vertice umbilicato; mammillis pyramid- atis quadrangularibus; axillis primo nudis, tandem Jana abundant1; aculeis criniformibus, albis munitis; areolis rotundis lana albainstruc- tis; aculeis exterioribus 6, centrali 1, omnibus rigibis subequalibus fuscis, tandem carneis api- ce sphacelatis. ‘Fructus pyriformis; flores ad- huc ignoti.’’ Mexico. Jacobi AGZ 1851, 11. fee maschalacantha. 47 M. MASCHALACANTHA Cels, M. mutabilis levior Salm, HD ed 2, 120. Cactus mutabilis OK M. ieucotricha (leucocarpa) Scheidw. Variety LEUCOTRICHA Monv. M. mutabilis et funkii Schdw. M. Senkei roerst. Variety XANYHUTRICHA Mony. M. xanthotricha Schdp. Cactus xanthotri- chusOK. M mutabilis xanthotrichas. M PALLESCEéENS Scheidw AGZ 1841, 42. “Lactesecens, cylindrica aut ovata; vertice um- bilicato subacu eis abscondito; axillis maxime lanatis, lana aculeis adhwrente et mammillis involvente; areolis tomentosis, tandem nudis; mammillis polyaedris, laete viridibus, mox pallescentibus; aculeis 4 cruciatim dispositis, angulatis, recurvis, supremo maximo subtorto, omnibus rigidis, carneis.” 5500 ft alt Tehuacan, MAMMILLARIA METACANTHA E. MAMMILLARIA SEMPERVIVI P DC. Near Zim:pan, Mexico. MAMMILLARIA TROHARTII Hilldm. MAMMILLARIA UNCINATA Zucc. Schumann iniudes the following in this group, but as known to us all are not milky. M. CELSIANA Lem. . PRAELII Muehlenpf. . PYRRHOCEPHALA Scheidw. . ZEYERIANA F Haage jr . CENTRICIRRHA Lemaire, M. CROCIDIATA Lemaire M. KARWINSKIANA Matt. MAMMILLARIA BICOLOR Lehm. Near Zimipan, Mexico. Variety NIVEA KS. MAMMILLARIA CARNEA Zucce. Near Zim.pan, Mexico. MAMMILLARIA ELEGANS DC. MAMMILLARIA LAVOVIRENS S&. MAMMILLARIA HAAGHANA Pf, MAMMILLARIA MELALEUCA Karw. MAMMILLARIA MELANOCENTRA Pos. MAMMILLARTA MAM MILLARIA MAMMILLARIA MAMMILLARIA MAMMILLARIA MAMMILLARIA Berg. MAMMILLARIA POLYEDRA Mart. MAMMILLARIA SEITZIANA Mart, Near Zimipan, Mexico. MAMMILULARIA SIMPLEX Haw. Subgenus EUMAMILLARIA. Plants globose or elongated, with watery juice, and eylindrieal or conical grooveless tu- bercles. Flowers borne usually in a ring near the top of the plant, cup-shaped or MUTABILIS Scheidw. NIVOSA Link. OBSCURA Hilldm. PARKINSONII Eh. PERBEHLLA Hilldm. PHYMATOTHELE Cacti.—Orcutt. 48 expanded, as broad or broader than long. Sepals appressed. Stamens and styles shorter than the corolla. MAMMILLARTIA ACICULARIS Lem. MAMMILLARIA ACTINOPLEA Eh. MAMMILLARIA ALPINA. Mart. MAMMILLARIA AMABILIS Eh. MAMMILLARIA! AMBIGUA G, Don. MAMMILLARIA AMOENA Hopff. MAMMILLARIA ANCISTRATA Schelh. MAMMILLARIA ANCISTRIA Walp. MAMMILLARIA ANDREAE Pf. -—MAMMILLARIA ARGENTEA Fenn. MAMMILLARIA ARICTINA Lem. MAMMILLARIA ARMILLATA K Br. “Stems somewhat attenuate, reaching 3 dm in hieght, 4-5 ecm in diameter, usu- ally in clusters of 3-12, from the base, of- ten branching above; tubercles some- what leathery in texture; conical, some- what angled; axils setose and sparsely woolly; radial spines 9-15, 7-12 mm long, the innsr half whitish or grayish; cen- trals 1-4, 10-20 mm long, the lower one hooked and longer, all, and the outer part of the radials dark brown, yellow- ish or gray; flowers 1-2 em long, scarcely spreadirg, flesh color; fruit red, clavate, 1144-2 em long; seeds coriaceous, dull black, about 1 mm long, oblipuely obo- vate, ccnstricted above the more slender basal portion; surface covered with mi- nute, nct closely contiguous pits, the in- tervening spaces minutely wrinkled; hi- lum basal, narrow. San Jose del Cabo, Baja California. The name is in allu- sion to the dark bands which encircle the plant, giving it much the appearance of a raccoon’s tail.’’—Katharine Brandegee, Zoe, 5:7 (Je 1900). MAMMILLARIA ATRORUBRA Eh, Mee A'TROSANGUINEA MAMMILUARIA AULACANTHA P DC. MAMMILLARIA BADISPINA F. MAMMILLARIA BARBATA Engelm. MAMMIiLLARIA BARLOWII R-K. MAMMILLARIA BELLATULA F. MAMMILLARIA BERGENII Eh. MAMMILLARIA BERGII Mig. MAMMILLARIA! BIFURCA Dietr. MAMMILUARIA BINOPS ge. MAMMILLARIA BOCASANA Pos. This beautiful plant is covered with the fines tender hair like spines. Near San Luis Potosi, Mexico. MAMMILLARIA CANDIDA Scheidw. MAMMILLARIA CARRETII Rebut. Is Pringlei. MAMMILLARIA: CONICA Haw. MAMMILLARIA DECIPIENS Schw. Loose tubercled small growing species with delicate & pretty yellow fis. MAMMILLARIA DIOICA K. Brandg. M. Goodridgii Engelmann (not Scheer?). small globular species, closely set with brown- ish or white spines, the central one curved 49 into a hook. The delicate yellowish white flowers are succeeded by the club-shaped, scarlet berries that possess the flavor of wild- wood strawberries, and are sometimes called “hep-pitallas,’’ the ‘‘llavina”’ of the Mexicans. MAMMILLARIA ELONGATA P DC, MAMMILLARIA FLAVA E. MAMMILLARIA FORDII Orcutt. Ovute, 2 inches iu disimeter, and about3 high, rarely branching at base; tubercles obtuse, yy itch across, short, 12radial spinescmereous, % -44 lich long, the solitary central black and hooked, 44 inch long; floweran inch long, white with about 9 petalsa.d 9 sepals—the satter with purplish midvein on the back, 6 stigmata of a brownish green style greenish, filaments white and anthes orange yellow; flowers in July; Baja California on the west coast, collected for L. M. Ford, 1899. Near M. Goodridgii. MA?-MILLARIA)} FULIGINOSA S. MAMMILLARIA GLOCHIDIATA Mart. MAMMILLARIA GOODRIDGII Scheer. MAMMiLLARIA GRACILIS Pf. MAMMILLARIA GRAHAMII E, 1 to 3 inches high, subg.obose, simple or branching trom the base; tubercles ovate, axils naked; radic: spines in one series, 20 to 30 in number, 3 to 6 lines long, rigid and whitish, surrounding a stouier and longer hooked brown ene. Flowers small, nearly 1 inch wide, reddish; berry oval, green, with small pitted seeds. The well-known ‘‘Arizona Strawberry’’ or small Fishhook Cactus of N. M., Arizona and Utah, rare in California. MAMMILLARIA GRUSONTI Runge. MAMMILLARIA HUMBOLDTII Eh. MAMMI!I LARIA INCURVA Scheidw. TAMNILLARTIA INTRICATA Otto. MAMMILLARIA LASIACANTHA E. Variety DENUDATA Engelmann. Mammillaria leona Pos, is Pottsii. MAMMILLARIA LESAUNIERI Rebut. MAMMILLARIA MAELENII §S. MAMMILLARIA MAINAE Br. “trem spneri al to ovate, simple, or sparingly brancned tiom the base, reach- ing a height ot 10cm; tubercles giaucous, somewhat. incurved, cylindric, becoming conical, 1-14% cm long, often bright red in the naked axils; radial spines, 10-15, yel- lowish, becuming white, slender, scarcely pungent, 6-10 mm long, the upper rather the shorter; centrals 1-2, both hooked, rarely an additonal upper one; lower central, usually the only one, nearly twice as long as the radials, stout and str ngly hoo ed, p nect, orown below, black sh above, som w.at twiste ; the second ceitial when present, wdely di- varicate, ascending, weaker andi shorter: flowers in crown at upper part of stem, Punsaisi-wh te or flesh-coltor, 1-144 em in Jength, including the ovary; style whit- ish, deeply, few-lobed fruit red, globular, to obovate, shorter t*an the tubercles; seeds dull-black, punctate, a little more than 1 mm long, obovate, with narrowly- lin-ar tasal hilum. Named for the col- 1-et-r. Mrs. F. ’. Main. who found it in Sonora, south of Nogales. It has been Cacti.—Orcutt. 50 offered by dealers as M. Galestlii Ssheid, to which it is not at all related.’’—Kath- arine Brandeg.e, Zoe, 5:51 (ag 1900). MAMMILLARIA MICROMERIS Ew mushroom cactus, found in Texas, re- sembles a silk-covered button, and can be handled without gloves. The deli- cate, starry net work of snowy-white spines over the green plant gives it a very beautiful appearance. Variety GREGGII Engelmann. MAMMILLARIA MINIMA Reichb. Mexican species, cylindrical, forming numer- ous heads around the base, which readily take root when detached. About 20 slender white spines radiate from the center of each hemi- spherical tubercle, enveloping the plant like a bit of delicate lace; no central spine. M’'MM LLARIA NICHOLSONII Dow. Mammi !aria nogalensis Runge cat, recurvata E. MAMMILLARIA OLIVIAE Orcutt. Globose to ovate, 2144 inches in diameter, 3 inches high, simple or rarely branched or cespitose: tubercles ovate, 14 inch long, axils naked; radials 25-36, snowy white, slender, rig d, 4 inch long, upper ones shorter; centrals 1-3, the lower one only an eighth of an inch long, erect, rigid, white or tipped with checolate brown; the two upper centrals slender, white or rarely tipped with brown, 3 t:mes as long, close- ly resembling the radials; lower central rarely longer, but occasicnally even % inch long, slender or flexuous, brownish and hooked upward—more frequently seen on the lower outer tubercles of young plants; fruit searlet, clavate, with small seeds. Type, Orcutt, No. 2602:—Of snowy whiteness from its numerous interlacing spines; dedicated to the author’s life part- ner. wh has accompanied him in thought on the mountains and deserts of Arizona, where this beautiful plant oecurs. Mammi laria petersonii Hldm, is Heese- Mac is ana. Sea ane pfeifferi Booth, is rhodan- tha. MAMMILLARIA PHELLOSPERMA E. MAMMILLARIA PLUMOSA Web. MAMMILLARIA PRINGLEI K Br. Katharine Brand gee, Zoe, 5:7, publish- es ihis name (kased on Cactus Pringlei Coult’r), and s‘ates that it seems to searcely differ from M. Carretii. MAMMILLARIA PUSILLA Sweet. MAMMILLARIA RHODANTHA L-O. Oblong or subcylindric, 30 cm high, 7.5- 10 in diameter, often bifurcate; tubercles conical, 12 mm long, 8 in diameter; with wool’'y axils: rodial spines 16-20, bristle- like, white, the lower 8-10 mm long; cen- tral snines 6 or 7, rigid, whitish with black tip, 12 mm long: flowers rose-color, 12 mm broad; fruit 2.5 cm long, cylindrical. Mex- ico. MAMMILLARIA SPHACELATA Mart. MAMMILLARIA SPINAURBA S. MAMMILLARIA SPINOSISSIMA Lem. MAMMILLARIA STELLA-AURATA Mt. 51 MAMMILLARIA THORNBERI Orcutt. Cylindrical, 14% inch in diameter, usually 2-3 inches high, erect, with 8 or 9 spiral rows of tubercles, axils naked; 13-18 slen- der white or brown tipped radials 44 inch long; usually 1 slender flexuous hooked central one-fourth to three-fourths of an inch long, tipped with brown; fruit cla- vate, scarlet, containing minute black seeds. Tips of tubercles olive green, base and axils and sunken portion of plant tinged with purple; radials usually 13, the upper sometimes the longest, often brown nearly to the hase; central occasionally brown, usually the lower half white or yellowish, often hooked upward, but often twisted and turning in every direction. Plant proliferous at base, forming numer- ous offsets in the axils of the buried or lower tubercles; these quickly take root and usually soon sever connection with the parent, thus forming dense compact masses of old and young plants, usually 10-50—but in one, perhaps not exceptional case, I counted 110 distinct plants, in a cluster—all apparently originating from the tallest individual in the group. Occa- sionally a plant, from injuries sustained, becomes bifurcate or forms a number of aerial heads which remain permanently attached—but which usually form roots of their own and eventually survive the death of the parent. More than 1 centrai spine appears very rare, but 2 or three sometimes appear from the same small woolly areola, one or all hooked, of equal or varying length. The largest plant among over 1,000 was 1% inch in diameter and nearly a foot high! Type, Orcutt, No. 2583:—Arizona. Curiously the same plant was found a few days earlier than by the author by Prof. J. J. Thornber, and planted in the cactus garden of the Uni- versity of Arizona, and this interesting addition to the cactus flora of the United States may therefore appropriately bear his name. MAMMILLARIA TOALDOAE Lehm. MAMMILLARIA UMBRINA Eh. MAMMILLARIA VALIDA Web. MAMMILLARIA VENUSTA K Br. “Simple, becoming caespitose in clus- ters of, in extreme cases, aS many as 40; heads 2-4, very rarely, in center of large clusters, 6 cm high, a little less in diam- eter; tubercles thick and short, concave at the end, greenish, purplish to nearly white, glaucous; axils only slightly wool- ly, soon marked; radial spines, 9-15, stout, 6-12 mm long; centrals typically solitary, 10-15 mm, sometimes 2 or 3, in a sing’e specimen 4, porrect-spreadig, the 3 upper very short; flowers about 4 em in diameter, rose-color, widely spreading, tube very short; petals lance- olate acute, recurved-spreading; style- branches 5, avparently rosy brown; fruit 114-12 em long, scarlet, linear, cir- cumse:ssi'e some distance above the base, nearly dry; seeds oblong-obovate, rather Jess than one mm long, constricted above the basal portion, which is half as long and nearly as wide as the upper; surface dull, minutely pitted, the pits much ob- seured by delicate interven‘ng striae; hi- lum basal, large and triangular. Cacti.—Orcutt. “California, 52 “CoHected by Mr. T. S. Brandegee in the vicinity of San Jose del Cabo, Baja in Sept. 1890. (No. 240, M. Goodrichii, of ‘Flora of the Cape Re- gion’); again Sept. 1893, and for the third time last year in numerous living speci- mens. The spines are from pure white, barely tipped with brown, to dark brown, whitish only near the base. The flowers, which appear in September, hide the whole plant, and it is of such low growth as to look like a beautiful cluster of flowers springing from the sand. The fruit appearing in winter is nearly dry and falls very readily’ when ripe, leaving most of the seeds in the axillary cup. It is the only circumcissile Mammillaria known to me.’’—Katherine Brandegee, Zoe, 5:8 (Je 1900). MAMMILLARIA VETULA Mart. MAMMILLARIA WILCOXI Tourmey. Usually simple, depressed-globose; 14-16 slender subulate whitish radials 10 mm long; solitary hooked central brownish; axilg naked. Fruit G6 O 1896) flesh color faintly tinged with carmine, the black seeds showing through the transparent epidermis. Near Congress and Benson, Arizona (Orcutt). MAMMILLARIA, WILDII Dietr. MAMMILLARIA WRIGHTII E. MAMMILLARIA ZEPHYRANTHOIDES Scheidw. Mamillopsis senilis Web, is Mammillaria senilis Lodd. R Genus MELOCACTUS De Candolle. Globoss fleshy plants 1-3 feet in diame- ter, regularly ribbed, ribs bearing clus- ters of spines, surmounted with a woolly cylindrical cap closely cet with softer spines, vpon which the small tubular red or rose-colored flowers are borne. Of lit- tle va'ue horticulturally and rarely cul- tivated with success. Generally found in rocky or candy dry situations in tropical America and West Indies. MELOCACTUS VIRIDESCENS Nutt. Nutta'l ex Teschem in J Bost Soc Nat Hist 5:293 (1845).—A synonym of Echino- cactus viridescens. The Melocacti are natives of the West Indies, and tropical America. Genus MYRTILLOCACTUS Console. 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