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(5) 247. (1842). ITIl.—Fronds 3-4-pinntifid; segs _ lin- ear-oblg: secondary rachises margined. E. MARGINAT A. Baker. ; Stipes tufted. 3-9’ long, castaneous, shining, slightly fibrillose at base; fronds 4-6’ long, nearly as broad, de- Itcoid; lower pinnae much the largest; indusium broad, continuous. margins slightly erose; texture chartaceous. Huachuca mts. Ar (Lemmon). Synonym: Cheilanthes marginata Hooker. -**Pinnules muecronulate or decidedly acute. I.—Fronds narrowly linear in outline, com bipinnate. FP, TERNIFORIA Link. Stipes tufted, nearly or quite bk, 2-6’ long, fronds 4-10’ long, narrowly linear; pinnae com 9-15 pairs. all but uppermost trifoliate; segs com linear, slightly mu- eronate, coriaceous, sessile or middle one indistinctly stalked, edges much inflexed in fertile fronds; indusium broad. Tex. Synonym: Pteris ternifolia Cav. EF. BRACHYPTERA Baker. Stipes 2-8’ long stout, p’ish-brown; fronds 3-8’ long, narrow in outline from the ascending secondary rachises, bipin- nate: pinnules crowded, 2-5” long, ob- -long-linear, simple or trifoliate, acute or mucronulate; margins infliexed to midrib in fertile fronds. Cal. Synonmys: P. ornithopus brachyptera D. C. Haton.— 42, Platyloma bellum et P. brachypterum \ioore. _il.—Fronds.. broader, ovate, 2-3-pinnate. PELLABHA ORNITHOPUS Hook. Stipes tufted, 3-8’ long, rather stout, dark brown: fronds very rigid, 3-12’ long, 2-3’ broad, broadly deltoid-lanceolate, z- 3-pinnate; primary pinnae spreading or Obliqueiy ascending, linear bearing 4-16 pairs of trifoliate (varying from simple lanceolate to to 5-7-foliate) mucronulate pinnules, 144-2” long; margins inflexed to midrib in fertile fronds. Synonym: Allosorus mucronatus IS. ©. Haton. California; Baja Cal. Tea or wire fern PELLABHA WRIGHTIANA Hook. Rtstock short, thick, densely chaffy; stipes. crowded, pish-brown, 4-6’ long; fronds 3-6’ long, 1-3’ broad, lanceolate to deltoid, trifoliate at apex, bipinnate below; pinnae short with 1-2 pairs of long, narrow pinnules besides the ter- minal one; mucro short, with broad car- tilaginous margin; margin of fertile fronds inflexed tc midrib. HWxtremely variable. Colo; Tex; Cal; Kans. Variety LONGIMUCRONATA Davenport. Fronds decreasing to simply pinnate at apex, longer but less broadly winged mucro. Synonym: FF. longimucronata Hooker. Variety COMPACTA. Davenport. Pinnules densely crowded. Section PRATYLOMA J. Smith. Tex- ture coriaceous, veins com hidden, ulti- mate. segs broad and flat, indusium -.so narrow as to be soon hidden by fr. E. BRIDGESI£ Hooker. Stipes 2-6’ long, tufted, castaneous; fronds 4-6’ lg, 1’ or more broad, simply pinnate; pinnae 5-18 pairs, mainly opp, nearly sessile, glaucous g, coriaceous, rounded or corbvate at base; indusium narrow, formed of w’ish margin of pinna, soon fiattened out exposing broad sorus. Cal. P. FLEXUOSA. Link. Rtstock creeping, ratner slender: stipes rish, passing into a more or less fexuous or zigzag rachis; fronds 6-30’ long ,ovate-oblong, 2-3-pinnate; secon- darv and tertiary rachises com deflected and zigzag, rusty puberulent or nearly smooth; pinnae mostly alt; ultimate , pinnules 5-10” long, roundish-ovate or subcordate, smooth; margins at first re- flexed, soon flattened out. Tex; Cal. Syn- onym: Alljosorus flexuosus Kaulf. E. INTERMEDIA Mett. : Rtstock long, wide-creeping, chaffy; stipes scattered, 4-6" long, ) : ish-stramineous, smooth; fronds 5-10 long, 3-8’ wide, ovate-bipinnate, pinnae nearly opp, remote; pinnules 2-6 pairs, petiolate, subcoriaceous, oval. or cordacc- ovate; veins obscure, rachises not pub- escent. Huechuca mts, Ar (Lemmon). Tribe CERATOPTERIDEAE. Sori on °9 or 3 longitudinal veins which are near- ly parallel with edge of frond; aquatic CERATOPTERIS Brong, soc Philom b 1821:184. : Characters of the tribe. C. THALICTROIDES Brong. Soc Philom Py UOT STG! Ne ake Floating fern. slender. pink- Southern Fla, the only 43 sp. Synonym: Acrostichum thalictroides Sp Pl 1070 Glz53). Tribe BLECHNEAE. Sori dorsal, lin- ear or oblong, borne on transverse veins, parallel to midrib; indusium fixed at outer, opening at inner, margin. *Veins free. Struthiopteris; Blechnum. **Veins more or less reticulate. W ood- wardia. STRUTHIOPTERIS Scop, Fl Com ed 1 168 (1760). _ Sori in a continuous band next midrib; indusium elongate, formed of the re- curved and altered margin of pinnae, or submarginal; fronds of 2 sorts, elongate, pinnate. Nearly 50 species, mainly of south temperate zone. S. SFICANT Weiss, Pl Crypt 287 (1770). Deer fern, Hard fern. Cal; Alk. Synonyms: Osmunda spicant L sp PI 1066 (1753).—Lomaria spicant Desv Mag Gesell Nat Hr Berlin 5:325 (1811).— Blechnum boreale Swz. Schrad J. bot 1800 (2): 75 (1801).—Blechnum spicant !, ©. Smith, Ac roy sei Turin mem 5:411 CLIO SB) BLECHNUSM L. Sori linear, elongate, continuous near midrib; indusium continuous; fronds pin- nate. Near (20 sp. B. SERRCGULATUM Richard. Stipes 6-12’ long, stout, erect, nearly naked; fronds oblong-lanceolate, 1-11%4° long, 3-6’ broad, with 12-24 pairs of dis- tinct linear-oblong pinnae, margins finely incised; texture coriacéous; veins very fine and close, fertile pinnae narrower. ee Synonym: Blechnum angustifolium VV 1 . Genus WOODWARDIA Smith. Sori linear or oblong, forming chain- like rows; indusia separate. Chain fern. Six sp. Named for Thomas J. Wood- ward, an English botanist. Section EUWOODWARDIA. Fronds uniform, veins forming at least one ser- ies of areolae between sori and margins. |, CRAMISSOI Brack, FUS Dxp 138. B 2:344 as radicans. cy, RBADICANS Am, mem ac Turin 5:412. B 27344. Da 20. Baja! ‘Greene, Cal ac b Bealls.) Crea SPINUGOSA Mart & Gal, Mem Ac Isobe) alay (Gay) a (4b (Calig34ly)). Caudex stout, erect, rising a little above ground; stipes stout, 8-12’ long; fronds 3-5° long, subtoriaceous, pinnate: pinnae 8-15’ long, 2-4’ broad, oblique to rachis, pinnatifid nearly to midrib; segs ‘ oinulose-serrate; veinlets forming a single row of oblong sorus-bearing areo- lae next midvein, besides a few oblique « apty areolae outside the fring ones, thence free to margin. Cal; Ar; Baja! Synonym: W. chamissoi Brock, in Wilk- es’ US Expl Exp 16:138 (1854). Woodwardia radicans americana Hook, sp Fil 3:67 (1860). Washington to Baja Cal.; Arizona. Section ANCHISTEA Fronds uniform, veins free between sori and margins. W. VIRGINICA J. EK. Smith. Stipes stout, 12-18’ long; fronds oblong- laneeolate, 12-18’ long, 6-9’ broad; pi nae linear-lanceolate, 4-6’ long, 34-1’ 44. broad, cut nearly to rachis into linear- oblong lobes. Carnet eitar IMDS | Val Synonyms: W. Banisteriana Michx.—-- Blechnum Carolinianum Walt.—B. Vir- ginicum L.—Doodia Virginica Pres]. Section LORINSERIA Presl. Fronds dimorphous, veins everywhere forming areolae. W. ANGUSTIFOLIA J. BH. Smith. Sterile frond with slender stipes, 9-12’ long, 6-8’ broad, deltoid-ovate, with num oblong-lanceolate sinuate pinnae; rachis broadly winged; fertile frond with an elongate, castaneous st; pinnae 3-4’ long, narrowly linear. Me; Fla; Mich; Ark. Synonyms: W. onocleoides Willd.—W. areolata Moore.—Acrostichum areolatum Tribe ASPLENIEAE. Sori dorsal, lin- ear or Oblong, oblique to midrib, or rare- ly parallel with it; indusium fixed by one margin to veinlet, opening at the other, sometimes double. *Veins free. Asplenium; Phyliitis. ** Veins reticulate. ASPLENIUM L. Sori on upper side of a fertile veinlet. rarely on both sides, oblong or linear, oblique, separate; indusium straight or rarely curved. Near 350 cosmopolitan sp. Section EVASPLENIU™M. Veins free, simple or branched; indusium straight or slightly curved, attached to upper side of a vein. *Mronds simple. A. SERBATUM L. Fronds growing in a crown from a sh, stout, erect rtstock, 1%-2%° long, 2-4’ broad, simple, spatulate or linear-oblan- ceolate, margin crenulate or irregularly but finely serrate, subcoriaceous; midrib prominent, keeled and often bkK-ish-p be- neath; veins closely placed, 1-forked; sori elongate, following veins of upper % of frond from near midrib halfway to margin; indusia single, free edge entire. la. **Wyonds pinnatifid or pinnate below. tapering to a point. &, PINNATIFIDUM Nuttall. : Stipes tufted, 2-47 ls: fronds <3-67 127 1-2%’ broad, lanceolate, pinnatifid, or pinnate below, tapering to a slender pro- longation above; lobes roundish-ovate, or lowest pair acuminate; sori num. Pa; Ill; Ky; Ala. T, EBENOIDES R. R. Scott. Fronds 4-9’ long, broadly lanceolate, pinnatifid, pinnate below; apex prolong- ed and slender: divisions lanceolate from a broad base, lower ones shorter; stipes bk and polished, as is lower part of midrib, especially beneath. Ct; NY; I11;- Ala. *** Hyronds once pinnate. — I.—Pinnae %4-%’ long, mostly blunt. A.—Rachis chestnut brown or bk-ish. A. EBENEU™ Ait. Athyrium; - Camptosorus. Stipes tufted, 3-6’ long, chestnut brown, nearly naked; fronds 8-16’ long. linear-lanceolate; pinnae 20-40, lanceo- late, subfaleate, or lower oblong, %-1’ long, dilated base auricled on upper or both sides; sori oft 10-12 on each side. Fla; Ky; Can. Synonym: A. trichoman- 45 oides Michx. A. PARVUGLUM Mart & Gal. Fronds tufted, erect, rigid, 4-10’ long, narrowly linear- lanceolate; stipe and rachis bk and shining; pinnae num, ob- long, obtuse, entire or erenulate, aur- icled on upper side, nearly sessile; mid- dle pinnae longest, lower gradually shorter and deflexed; sori short, abund- ant. Massa) iWMlae Arno NIN. \. Syneon-— yms A. ebeneum minus Hooker.—A. resiliens Kurze. A. TRICHOMANZEESE I. Stipes densely tufted, ing: fronds 3-8’ long, Bye or more broad, linear; pinnae 15-30 pairs, nearly opp, roundish-oblong or oval, the 2 sides un- equal, obliquely wedge- truncate at base, attached by a narrow point, edge slig ht- ly ecrenate, midvein forking and evanes- cent; sori 3-6 on each side of midrib. Hastern.US to Pacific Coast. Synonym: A. melanocaulon Willd. Variety INCISUM: Moore. i ays Fronds larger, often 34’ or more broad, pinnae more or less deeply, incised. Vt. A. MONANTHEMU™M L. Stipes densely tufted, 3-6’ long, chest- p-brown, shin- nut brown; fronds 6-12’ long, narrow, with 20-40 pinnae on each side; pinnae erenate above, abruptly narrowed at base, oft auricled, lower much reduced; texture subcoriaceous; veins flabellate; sori 1-2. linear-oblong, parallel with low- er edge of pinnae. Huachuca mts, Ar (Lemmon). ' I.—AA.—Rachis g. A, VIRIDE Huds. Stipes densely tufted, 2-4’ lone naked lower part chestnut brown; fronds 2-6’ long, %° broad, with 12-20 pinnae on earch side which are ovate or rhomboid- al in outline, upper edge narrowed sud- denly at base, lower obliquely truncate, outer part deeply crenate; raches naked; sori copious. . Vt; Can; New Brunswick. A. DES TATUM: J.. Stipes tufted, 2-6’ long, naked, eben- eous below; fertile fronds 2-3’ long, iL broad, with 6-8 pairs of Selec. oblong- rhomboidal pinnae, lower side truncate with a curve, outer edge irregularly erenate; sterile fronds smaller on short- er stipes; rachis naked; sori copious in parallel rows. Fla; SC. Il.—Pinnae only 2-5, linear-cuneate. A. SEPTENTRIONALE Hoffm. Stipes densely tufted, 3-6’ long, slen- der, naked, ebeneous toward base; fronds irregularly forking, consisting of 2-5 narrow!v linear rather rigid segs, which are entire or more frequently cleft at end into few long narrow teeth; sori elongate, near margin, com facing each other in pairs, com 2-3 to each seg. NM: Colo. T11.—Pinnae num, linear or linear-ob- ‘Jong. acute or acuminate. A. ANGUSTIFOLIUM Michx. Stipes 1° or more long, brownish, slightly sealy below; fronds 114-2° long, 4-6’ broad, lanceolate-oblong, “flaccid: pinnae 20-30 pairs, linear-lanceolate. acminate, entire or crenulate, those of fertile fronds narrower; texture thinly herbaceous; sori linear, 20-40 each side of midvein. New England; Ky; Wis. Af, A. FIRMUM Kunze. Stipes 4-8’ long’, erect, grayish, naked; fronds %-1° long, 3-4’ broau; pinnae 12-20 pairs, obiong-lanceodlate, point bluntish, margin inciso-crenate, upper one narowed suddenly at base, lower one obliquely truncate; sori short, talling short of both midvein and margin, Fla; Ar. *k“**Hronds 2-3-pinnatifid. A.—Tex- ture somewhat coriaceous. &. BULA-MURARIAZ, L. stipes tufted, z-4' long, ovate-deltoid, 1-2’ long, low, Simply pinnate rhombic-wedge-snaped, toothed or in- cised at apex; veins flabellate; sori few, elongate, soon confluent. Vt; Mich; Ky. za. MONTAN UM Willd. Stipes tufted, 2-3’ long, naked; fronds 2-57 long, ovate-lanceolate, pinnate; pinnae 38-7-parted below, incised or toothed above; veins ooscure; sori short, basal ones sometimes double. Ct; NY; Ga: Ky: Ark. 4. Grist NINTEX Baker. Caudex erect, with dark brown, linear- setaceous scales; stipes densely tufted, naked; fronds 2-3-pinnate )be- above; divisions 44-1’ long, castaneous; fronds 3-4’ long, oblanceolate, bipinnate; pinnae 20-25 pairs, lanceolate, -lower gradually re- duced, - cuneate-truncate; pinnules 5-6 pairs, oblong, toothed or externally sub- entire; sori 1 at base of each pinnule or 2 or more on lowest anterior. Huachuca mts. Ar (liemmon). we A A Texture thinly membranous. A. BRADLEYI D. C. Eaton. Stipes tufted, 2-3’ long, ebeneous, as also lower half of rachis; basal scales brown-blk, lanceolate-acuminate; fronds 3-7’ long, oblong-lanceolate, bipinnatifid; pinnae 8-12 pairs, short-stalked or ses- sile, ovate-oblong, lowest not reduced, largest pinnatifid with oblong lobes toothed at tip; sori short, near midvein. INGYS-2) Uivenaina ey: 4 Alek A. MYRIGPUYLLUM Presi, 1:48 (1830). Stipes tufted, 2-6’ long; long, delicately membranous, narrowed below, 2-3-pinnate; segs obovate-oblong, entire or veins single in each seg, bearing below middle a solitary oblong sorus. Fla. Synonyms: A. rhizophyllum myriophyl- lum Mett.—Caenopteris mvyriophyllum Swz Fl Ind Occ 3:1626 (1806). A, CICUTARIUM, Swz, Prodr Ace 130 (1788). | Stipes tufted, 4-8’ long, l 5 fronds 6-15’ long, 4-6’ broad, with 10-15 horizontal pinnae on each side, lower ones, 263) long, 1’ broad, cut down to rachis into linear or oblong segs, Which are once or twice cleft at apex, rachis compressed, oft winged; sori principally in 2 rows. Fla. Sacre ATHYRIUM Roth. herbaceous -or Rel Haenk fronds 3-10’ lanceolate, ultimate 2-3-lobed: Veg Ind e’ish, naked; See Athyr- iu sis » -kQ ATHRYEIOM Roth, Tent Fl Germ 38:58 (1800). Veins free; sori more or less sometimes horseshoe- shaped, oft ing to outer or lower side of fring curved, eross- vein- 47 let. Treated as a section i 5 Sie of As By THELYP Toe eet botanists. es . OIDES 7 Linn Paris 6:266 @isem ence Si very spleenwort. Stipes long ¢ stramineous; fronds 123° Tone oro broad, bipinnatifid: pinnae linear-lance- Olate; segs crowded, oblong, minutely Eset hed) sori ba pairs to each seg Silently curved lower ones often double. Can; Minn; Ill. ie > Stipes tuft- long, stramineous or brownish; long, broadly ob- Pinnae 4-8’ long, oblong-lanceolate, Powna bel ¥ incised b confluent on sec- ondary rachises by a very narrow inCon. short; indusium Mahe Newfound- : ev; Ar; Ala. Synonyms: Polypodium filix-foemina L, been Beitr Pflanzenk have ; ‘ Nebr. Based on Athyrium filix-foemina cyclosorum Ledeb, Fl Ross 4:519 (1853).—Asplenium filix-foemina cyclosorum Rupr, D., - Eaton in US Geol surv W 100th Merid 6:331 (1879). PHYLLITIS Ludwig, Inst Hist Phys Res Vex ed 2142 (757): Sori linear, confluent in pairs, which appear like a single sorus with the double indusium opening in middle. 7, SCOLOPENDRIUM Newm, Hist Brit Ferns ed 2, 10 (1844). Hart’s-tongue; Caterpillar ‘Tound’s tongue fern. Stipes 2-6’ long, fbrillose below; fronds oblong-lanceolate from an auricled heart-shaped base, en- tire or undulate, 7-18’ long, 1-2’ wide, Iigiletat a Carne vat Tenn; Alk? Synon- vyms: Asplenium scolopendrium L, Sp Pl 1079 (1753).—Scolopendrium vulgare J. fi. Smith, Mem ac Roy Sci Turin 5:421 ‘1793).—S. scolopendrium Karst, Deu- iS chivil Gediete 2718 H(i siones Gee ee Link, Hort Berol 2:69 ( 6 Sori oblong or linear, borne partly on veins parallel to midrib, partly on veins oblique te midrib. 2 sp. C. RHIZOPHYLLUS J.ink, Hort Berol Ys 69 (18338). Walking-leaf; walking fern; Wall link. Fronds evergreen, tufted, spreading or procumbent, 4-9’ long, lanceolate from an auricled, heart-shaped or oft hastate base, tapering above into a slender pro- longation which oft rts at apex. Can: Mie; Minn; Kans; Ala: Ga) Synonyms: Antigramma rhizophylla J. E. Smith.— Scolopendrium rhizophyllum Hooker.— fern: 4§ Asplenium rhizophyllum L. Variety INTERMEDIUS Arthur, bot gaz 8:200 t 3 (1883). Base acute, without proper auricles, with a Single fibro-vascular bundle in Stipe. Ia. Tribe ASPIDIEAE. Sori dorsal, round or roundish, on back or rarely on apex of a vein; indusium eom membranous, rarely 0. *Without indusia. Phegopteris. **With indusia. A.—Indusia superior. Aspidium, Nephrolepis. ** A A.—Indusia fixed by a broad base partly under sorus. Cystopteris. ** A AA.—Indusia obscure; fertile frond much contracted, very unlike sterile Onoclea. p ** A AAA.—Indusia inferior. Woodsia. Genus PHEGOPTERIS Fee. Sori round, rather sm, borne on back of the free veins below apex; stipe con- tinuous with rtstock. Beech-fern, about 100 sp. EUPHEGOPTERIS. Section free. *Fronds triangular, bipinnatifid; pin- nae sessile, adnate to a winged rachis. Veins F. POLYPODIODES Fee, Gen Fil 243 (1850-22. B 2:345. . Stipes 6-9’ long; fronds longer than broad, 4-9’ long, 4-6’ broad, hairy on veins especially beneath; pinnae linear- lanceolate, lowest pair deflexed and standing forward, segs oblong, obtuse, entire, basal ones decurrent and adnate to main rachis; sori near margin. New- foundland; Alk; Va; Mich; Ia; Wash: Greenland. Synonyms: P. vulgaris Mett. —Polypodium phegopteris L, Sp Pl 1089 (1753).—Phegopteris phegopteris Undw, Small, Torr cl_b 20:462 (1898). E.. HEXAGONOPTERA Fee. Stipes 8-18’ long, stramineous, naked; fronds as broad as long or nearly so, 7-12’ long, slightly pubescent, oft finely glandular beneath; upper pinnae oblong, obtuse, toothed or entire, the very large lowest pinnae elongate and _ pinnately lobed; sori near margin or some be- tween sinus and midrib. Can; I11; Ky; Fla; La; Minn. Synonym: Polypodium hexagonopterum Miehx, Fl Bor Am 2: 271 (1808). : **AWronds oblong lanceolate, 3-pinnati- fid; rachis wingless. : P. ALPESTRIS Mettenius, Fil Hort Lips 83. B 2:345. ; Rtstock short, thick, erect, or oblique; stipes 4-10’ long, with a few brown, spreading scales near base; fronds 1-2° long; pinnae deltoid-lanceolate, lower one distant and decreasing moderately: pinnules oblong-lanceolate, incised and toothed; sori small, round, submarginal. Cal; BC; Mont. Synonyms: Polypodium alpestre Hoppe, Taschenb 216 (1805).— Aspidium alpestre Swz. ***Wronds ternate, the 3 divisions pe- tioled; rachis wingless. P. DRYOPTERIS Fee. B 2:345. Oak fern. Rtstock slender, creeping; fronds broadly triangular, 4-8’ wide; the 3 primary divisions 1-2-pinnate; segs ob- 49 long, obtuse, entire or toothed; sori near margin. Newfoundland; Alk; Va; Colo; Ore; Greenland. Synonyms: Polypodium dryopteris L, sp Pl 1098 (1753).—Ne- phrodium dryopteris Michx. *. ROBERTIANA Underwood. Our tive Ferns, ed 6, 109 (1900). Stipes 6-10’ long, stramineous when dry, glandular; fronds 6-8’ long, 5-7’ wide, deltoid-ovate in outline, bipinnate, lowest pair of pinnae far the largest, pinnatifid or again pinnate; upper pin- nae smaller, pinnatifid; lobed, or entire; sori copious, forming submarginal rows around segs. Minn; Ja; id; Labrador to Manitoba. Synonyms: Polypodium § ro- bertianum Hoffm, Deutsch Fl 2: add 4 (1795).—Phegopteris dryopteris rober- tiana Dav, Cat Dav Hb Suppl 47 (18838). —P. calearea Fee, Gen Fil 243 (1850-2). Section GONIOPTERIS Presl. Veins pinnate, lower veinlets of contiguous groups uniting. E. TETRAGONA Fee. Rtstock creeping; stipes erect, 6-18’ long, naked or slightly villose; fronds 1- 2° long. 6-12’ broad; pinnae num, spread- ing, 3-6’ long, lowest narrowed at base and sometimes stalked, deeply pinnati- fid; texture thinly herbaceous; rachis and under surface finely pubescent; sori in rows near midrib. Marion Co, Fla Na- (Reynolds). EF. REPTANS D. C. Eaton, Yorr cl b 10; 101 (1883). Rtstock short, creeping; stipes 3-10’ long, clustered, gray-stramineous, slen- der, naked; fronds 4-12’ long, membran- ous, softly hairy with branched or stel- Jate hairs, oblong-lanceolate, pinnate with nearly or quite sessile, oblong, erenately pinnatifid pinnae, apex pin- natifid, oft elongate and rt-ing;. veins pinnate, simple, basal veinlets oft an- astomosing:; sori on middle of veinlets, rather small, sometimes with a minute rudimentary indusium. Fla. Synonyms: Polypodium reptans Swz, Fl Ind Occ 3: 1655 (1806).—Aspidium reptans Mett. Genus ASPIDIUM Swartz. Indusium orbicular and fixed by the center, or reniform and fixed by sinus, “opening all round margin; sori mostly on back of veins. The sections of this genus, as formerly understood, now con- stitute the genera Dryopteris, Poly- stichum, Phanerophlebia and Tectaria, which see. TECTARIA. Cav. Veins anastomosing copiously. T, TRIFOLIATA Cav. Stipes tufted, 1° or more long, brown- ish, scaly at base; fronds 1-1%°long, ¥%-1° broad, with a large ovate-acumin- ate terminal pinna narrowed or forked at base. and 1 or 2 lateral ones on each side, the lowest mostly forked; primary veins distinct to margin; areolae fine. copious, with free included veinlets; sori in rows near main veins; indusia orbicu- lar, peltate. Fla; Tex. Synonyms: Poly- podium trifoliatum L, sp Pl 1087 (1753). —Aspidium trifoliatum Swz, Schrad J bot 1800 (2):30 (1801).—Dryopteris tri- foliata Kuntze, Rev Gen Pl 2:814 (1891). PHANEROPHLEBIA Presl, Tent Pterid 84 (1836). ‘oblong or 50 ae ! Indusium peltate; fronds simply pin- nate with broad pinnae; veinlets com uniting slightly near margin. &. AURICULATA Underwood, Torr cl hb AGEZN2 SUE SOO ind=4>0 OO) Mesos Stipes tufted, clothed below with large seales; fronds %-2° long, coriaceous; pinnae 2-12 pairs, short-stalked, ovate- broadly lanceolate, terminal one distinct, and in small fronds the largest, appressed- serulate, smooth on both surfaces; veins’ pinnate, veinlets few, free or uniting near: margin; sori scattered in several irregular rows. Tex; Ar. Synonym: Aspidium juglandifolium in part of recent authors, not Kunze, Klotzsch, Linnaea 20:363 (1847). POLYSTICHUM Roth, Tent Fl Germ 3° 69 (1800). Indusium orbicular and entire, pel- tate, fixed by depressed center; pinnae and pinnules com auricled on upper side at base, mucronately serrate; veins free. *“BMyronds simply pinnate, long-stalked, lanceolate. =e acca aime need gaa Schott, Gen Fil 1834. Christmas fern; evergreen wood-fern; Shield fern. Stipes 6-8’ long, densely clothed below with pale brown lanceo- late scales; fronds %-2° hi, 3-5’ broad; pinnae linear-lanceolate, somewhat fal- cate, half-halbred-shaped at base, ser- rulate with appressed bristly teeth; fer- tile ones contracted and smaller, bear- ing contiguous sori near middle, soon covering entire surface. Nova Scotia; Wis; Ila; Miss; Fla. Synonyms: Neph- rodium acrostichoides Michx, Fl Bor Am 8:267 (1803).—Aspidium acrostichoides Swz, Syn Fil 44 (1806).—Dryopteris acrostichoides Kuntze, Rev. Gen Pl 2° 812 (1891). ; +. MUaliUM Presl, Tent Pterid 83 (1836,). : ; Stipes 4-12’ long, chaffy like rachis with brown scales; fronds growing in a crown 1-4° long, tapering slightly to- ward base; pinnae num, linear-acumin- ate, 3-4’ long, very sharply and oft doubly serrate, with appressed needle- like points; sori num, forming 1 row each side of midrib half-way to margin. Cal; Ore; Id; Alk. Synonyms: Aspidium munitum Kaulf, Enum Fil 236 (1824) .— Dryopteris munita Kuntze, Rev Gen Pl 2:813 (1891.) x*Pronds simply pinnate, stalked, linear-lanceolate. F F. LONCHITIS Roth, Tent Fl Germ 3: 1 (1800). aS : Ae Cn Frends 9-20’ long rigid; pinnae 1’ or more long, broadly lanceo- late-falcate, or lowest triangular, strongly auricled on upper side, lower obliquely truncate, deeply spinulose- toothed; sori contiguous and near mar- gin. Can; Wis; Ut; Cal; Wash; Mont; Golo; Artic Am. Synonyms: Polypo- dium lonchitis L, sp Pl 1088 (1753).— Aspidium lonchitis Swz, Schrad J bot 1800 (2):30 (1801).—Dryopteris lonechi- tis Kuntze, Rev Gen Pl 9°813 (1891): ***Hronds bipinnate or nearly so. F. SCOPULINUM Maxon, Fern b (1900). “Stalk very short; searcely 8:29 frond narrowly lan- dL ceolate, less than 1° lg, searcely 11%’ wide, sub-coriaceous, chaff mostly decid, pinnate; pinnae num, 7-9” long, 4-6” wide at base, ovate, rather obtuse, low- er part pinnately lobed, upper half ser- rate with _ pointed and barely aculeate teeth, sori remote from margins.’’—D. Cy Haton, Ferns, INA VOETob hes £28 (1880), as Aspidium aculeatum scopul- inum, citing Aspidium Lonchitis Eaton, in Coulter’s report in Hayden’s 6th ann : of ‘Geol (Surv err, 1872788) as syn- onym. Wash; Id; Ut; Southern €al: (Juebec. P. LEMMONI Underwood, Our Native Ferns, ed 6, 116 (1900). Stipes tufted, 2-6’ long, more or less densely clothed with lanceolate dark brown scales; fronds %-1° long, 2-3’ broad, with num dense oft imbricated. lanceolate pinnae, which are cut below into slightly toothed oblong rhomboidal Pinnules; teeth blunt or mucronate; texture coriaceous; both surfaces naked; rachis stout, compressed, scaly; veins close, immersed; sori copious. Cal; Alk. Synonym: