Vol.7, WEST!* KN BIRDS Qu.in.crly Journal of California PirLJ Onmhulugtflll | 1 rttfirfcJc«/ Kcchanl W» Stalkup Vicf-PrrrtdfTit lohn 5. Luther ShWttiy.- Bab Yul^y F^aranr Phil Schaeffer Srfrtlfftfry Carol: Yutzy fArrcfan Ijiurcnce 0 Hinftir^ Williun A. Davu, dj^nrd H. Lvov Guy McGaJikit, ONirer K. to, Arnold Small, Richard W r Stadeup, to Wdib, Jbfl Wirt ter BAkpr; AUn M Craig M/orfi/ Alan SAllIrkl^, William H. Rehie, Andifw j. Hcr^f. S .nutchee C Bm fond, Jeanne Coney, David P. DrS&rue. Joseph Greenberg, Ned K. Johnson. Virginia P Johnson, Riiim Ke^d, Cliifki S livnon, difford R. Lyqnit, T in Muioli*, Guy Met’H.skiij, Ml. Timothy Myrn, Harry 0. Nchliv, J, V. Kcrmcn, Jf., Thorn a?. L Kod^is r Stephen M, Kuwll, Oliver R- Scott, F, David iikmr, Arnold Small, RjeJuinl W Sr all tup, David Stirling, G. Shumwuy Buffcl, Uipirlr*- rerrnee WohL, Hoiund l>l ttrauet BntCf Wdp b. Dale A, Zimmermnn Volume 7 t Number 1, 1976 A Cheek list of the- Birds of Washington Suite, With ]ieotnc Changes Afim.iE.aied Philip W M&ttwcki, Jr,. £**g$ ur $ Hunnand T#Wrtf J! HkN I NOTES Ihf Northernmost Col tiny *af Herrmann's tin] I, /jys R. jM r Jr, 15 And cm M oire let, rn litnh F, L Kttttpj 27 LTiusuul Bircta in the Vie-inity ot Pipe Spring, Arizona, Riebarrf A Wtii 28 Eftitcm Phoebe in Montana P D. Skaar jl RlLVfEW n BULLETIN BOARD n Lnypu! 4 mi cmicr design by Virginia P John^ou Published— November 24. I WESTERN BIRDS Volume 7, Number 1, 1976 A CHECKLIST OF THE BIRDS OF WASHINGTON STATE, WITH RECENT CHANGES ANNOTATED PHILIP W. MATTOCKS, JR., Department of Zoology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195 EUGENE S. HUNN, Department of Anthropology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195 TERENCE R. WAHL, 3041 Eldridge, Bellingham, Washington 98225 The last comprehensive treatment of the birds of Washington State was by Jewett et al. (1953). Since then several studies have been pub- lished (Alcorn 1962; Larrison and Francq 1962; Larrison and Sonnen- berg 1968; Wahl and Paulson 1971, 1972, 1973, and 1974) and more than fifty species not cited by Jewett et al. have been attributed to the state’s avifauna. However, no systematic review of these attributions and no compilation of relevant bibliographic material has been attempt- ed since 195 3. The present list includes without annotation species whose status is adequately characterized by Jewett et al. Additions and radical changes of status up to 31 December 1974 are annotated, and species so treated are marked with an asterisk (*). Species attribut- ed to the state and considered by us to be inadequately documented are discussed in a concluding section. Within the list the species are coded as follows: N Nested successfully at least once (241 species) X Irregular, casual, or accidental (52 species) E Extirpated (1 species) S Sight record only (5 species) I Introduced, or reached the state as a result of introduction elsewhere (11 species) Western Birds 7:1-24, 1976 1 WASHINGTON CHECKLIST In addition, lower case letters immediately preceding “N” modify the breeding status as follows: xN, irregular, casual, or accidental breeder; eN, formerly bred; iN, breeding population introduced (for cases in which a migrant or wintering population naturally occurs); pN, breed- ing presumed. We have established at the Thomas H. Burke Memorial Museum, Uni- versity of Washington, Seattle (hereinafter referred to as the U. W. Mu- seum), a permanent file for photographs, tape recordings, sonagrams, and written documentations of rare bird observations. The presence of each of the 377 species in Washington is supported by the deposition of a specimen or other adequate documentation in a museum, publica- tion, or this permanent file. For sight records, adequate documentation requires that a fully recognizable written description based on notes taken at the time of the observation be available. However, for in- clusion on the present list such documented sight records must have in- volved at least two observers, and must have received the unanimous acceptance of the authors. NOMENCLATURE Nomenclature and classification follow the AOU Check-list (1957) as corrected (1962) and amended (1973) by the AOU Committee on Classification and Nomenclature. The sequence of genera, with the ex- ception of Aphriza, is that of the AOU Check-list, and the sequence of species within the expanded genus Calidris is that of Voous (1973). The policy of conforming English names with their usage in the primary breeding area is interpreted to include the Shy “White-capped” Alba- tross (Diomedea cauta) and the Buller’s “New Zealand” Shearwater (Puffinns bulleri). We anticipate taxonomic revisions in three instances. The Brant (Branta bernicla) includes the “Black Brant” (B. b. nigricans) and the “American Brant” (B. b. brota). The Red-naped Sapsucker (Sphyrapicus nuchalis) and the Red-breasted Sapsucker ( S . ruber) are specifically distinct from each other and from the Yellow-bellied Sap- sucker (S. varius). The Common Crow r (Corvus brachyrynchos ) includes the “Northwestern Crow” (C. b. caurinus) and the “Western Crow” (C. b. hesperis). The rationale in each case is noted in the annotations. 2 WASHINGTON CHECKLIST GAVIIDAE Common Loon N Gavia immer * Yellow-billed Loon Gavia adamsii Arctic Loon Gavia arctica Red-throated Loon Gavia stellata PODICIPEDIDAE Red-necked Grebe N Podiceps grisegena Horned Grebe xN Podiceps auritus Eared Grebe N Podiceps nigricollis Western Grebe N Aechmopborus occidentals Pied-billed Grebe N Podtlymbus podiceps DIOMEDEIDAE •Short-tailed Albatross X Diomedea albatrus Black-footed Albatross Diomedea nigripes •Laysan Albatross Diomedea immutabilis Shy Albatross X Diomedea canta PROCELLARIIDAE Northern Fulmar Fulmants glacialis Pink-footed Shearwater Puf firms creatopus •Flesh-footed Shearwater Puffinus cameipes •Buller’s Shearwater Puffinus bulleri Sooty Shearwater Puffinus griseus Short-tailed Shearwater X Puffinus tenuirostris HYDROBATIDAE •Fork-tailed Storm-Petrel N Oceanodroma furcata Leach’s Storm-Petrel N Oceanodroma leucorboa PHAETHONTIDAE Red-billed Tropicbird X Phaethon aethereus PELECANIDAE White Pelican eM Pelecanus erytbrorbyncbos Brown Pelican Pelecanus occidentals SULIDAE Blue-footed Booby X Sul a nebouxii PHALACROCORACIDAE Double-crested Cormorant N Phalacrocorax auritus Brandt’s Cormorant N Phalacrocorax penicillatus Pelagic Cormorant N Phalacrocorax pelagicus ARDEIDAE Great Blue Heron N Ardea berodias Green Heron N Butorides virescens •Little Blue Heron X Florida caerulea •Cattle Egret X Bub ulcus ibis •Great Egret Casmerodius albus Black-crowned Night Heron N Nycticorax nycticorax American Bittern N Botaurus lentiginosus THRESKIORNITHIDAE White-faced Ibis X Plegadis cbihi AN ATI DAE Whistling Swan Olor columbianus •Trumpeter Swan iN Olor buccinator Canada Goose N Branta canadensis • Brant Branta bemicla Emperor Goose X Pbilacte canagica White-fronted Goose Anser albifrons Snow Goose Chen caerulescens •Ross’ Goose S Chen rossii 3 WASHINGTON CHECKLIST Fulvous Tree Duck X Dendrocygna bicolor Mallard N Anas platyrhynchos Gadwall N Anas strepera Pintail N Anas acuta Green-winged Teal N Anas crecca Blue-winged Teal N Anas discors Cinnamon Teal N Anas cyanoptera European Wigeon Anas pen elope American Wigeon N Anas americana Northern Shoveler N Anas clypeata Wood Duck N Aix sponsa Redhead N Aythya americana Ring-necked Duck N Aythya collaris Canvasback N Aythya valisineria Greater Scaup Aythya mania •Lesser Scaup N Aythya affwis •Tufted Duck X Aythya fuligula Common Goldeneye Bucephala clangula Barrow’s Goldeneye N Bucephala islandica •Bufflehead xN Bucephala albeola Oldsquaw Clangula by emails Harlequin Duck N Histrionicus histrionicus King Eider X Somateria spectabilis White-winged Scoter Melanitta fusca Surf Scoter Melanitta perspicillata Black Scoter Melanitta nigra Ruddy Duck N Oxyura jamaicensis Hooded Merganser N Lophodytes cucullatus Common Merganser N Mergus merganser Red-breasted Merganser Mergus senator CATHARTIDAE Turkey Vulture N Cat hart es aura California Condor E Gymnogyps califomianus ACCIPITRIDAE Goshawk N Accipiter gentilis Sharp-shinned Hawk N Accipiter striatus Cooper’s Hawk N Accipiter cooperii Red-tailed Hawk N Buteo jamaicensis Swainson’s Hawk N Buteo swainsoni Rough-legged Hawk Buteo lagopus Ferruginous Hawk N Buteo regalis Golden Eagle N Aquila chrysaetos Bald Eagle N Haliaeetus leucocephalus Marsh Hawk N Circus cyaneus PANDIONIDAE Osprey N Pandion haliaetus FALCONIDAE Gyrfalcon Falco rusticolus Prairie Falcon N Falco mexicanus Peregrine Falcon N Falco peregnnus Merlin N Falco columbarius American Kestrel N Falco s parvenus TETRAONIDAE Blue Grouse N Dendragapus obscurus Spruce Grouse N Canachites canadensis Ruffed Grouse N Bonasa umbellus White-tailed Ptarmigan N Lagopus leucurus Sharp-tailed Grouse N Pedioecetes phasianellus Sage Grouse N Centrocercus urophasianus 4 WASHINGTON CHECKLIST PHASIANIDAE Bobwhite N I Colinus inrginianus Scaled Quail N I Callipepla squamata California Quail N I Lopbortyx califomicus Mountain Quail N Oreortyx pictus Ring-necked Pheasant N I Pbasianus colchicus Chukar N I Alectoris chukar Gray Partridge N I Perdix perdix MELEAGRIDIDAE •Turkey N I Meleagris gallopavo GRUIDAE Sandhill Crane eN Grus canadensis RALLIDAE Virginia Rail N Rallus limicola Sora N Porzana Carolina Yellow Rail X Cotumicops noveboracensis American Coot N Fulica americana HAEMATOPODIDAE Black Oystercatcher N Haematopus bachmani CHARADRIIDAE •Semi pal mated Plover xN Cbaradrius semipalmatus •Snowy Plover N Cbaradrius alexandrinus Killdeer N Cbaradrius voci ferns •Mountain Plover X Cbaradrius montanus Dotterel X Eudromias morinellus American Golden Plover Pluvialis dominica Black-bellied Plover Pluvialis squatarola SCOLOPACIDAE Ruddy Turnstone Arenaria interpres Black Turnstone Arenaria melanocepbala Common Snipe N Capella gallinago Long-billed Curlew N Numenius americanus Whimbrel Numenius pbaeopus Upland Sandpiper N Bartramia longicauda Spotted Sandpiper N Actitis macularia Solitary Sandpiper Tringa solitaria Greater Yellowlegs Tringa melanoleuca Lesser Yellowlegs Tringa flavipes Wandering Tattler Heteroscelus incanus Willet Catoptrophorus semipalmatus Surfbird Aphriza virgata Red Knot Calidris canutus Sanderling Calidris alba Semipalmated Sandpiper Calidris pusilla Western Sandpiper Calidris mauri Least Sandpiper Calidris minutilla •White-rumped Sandpiper X Calidris fuscicollis Baird’s Sandpiper Calidris bairdii Pectoral Sandpiper Calidris melanotos Sharp-tailed Sandpiper Calidris acuminata •Curlew Sandpiper X Calidris ferruginea Rock Sandpiper Calidris ptilocnemis Dunlin Calidris alpina Short-billed Dowitcher Limnodromtis griseus Long-billed Dowitcher Limnodromus scolopaceus Stilt Sandpiper Micropalama bimantopus Buff-breasted Sandpiper Tryngit&s subruficollis 5 WASHINGTON CHECKLIST Marbled Godwit Limosa fedoa •Bar-tailed Godwit X Limosa lapponica •Hudsonian Godwit X Limosa haemastica •Ruff X Philomachus pugnax RECUR VI ROSTRIDAE American Avocet N Recurvirostra americana Black-necked Stilt X Himantopus himantopus PHALAROPODI DAE Red Phalarope Pbalaropus fulicarius Wilson’s Phalarope N Steganopus tricolor Northern Phalarope Lobipes lobatus STERCORARIIDAE Pomarine Jaeger Stercorarius pomariniis Parasitic Jaeger Stercorarius parasiticus * Long-tailed Jaeger Stercorarius longicaudus Skua Catharacta skua LARI DAE Glaucous Gull Larus byperboreus Glaucous-winged Gull N Larus glaucescens Western Gull N Larus occidentals Herring Gull Larus argentatus •Thayer’s Gull Larus tbayeri California Gull N Larus califomicus Ring-billed Gull N Larus delawarensis Mew Gull Larus can us Franklin’s Gull Larus pipixcan Bonaparte’s Gull Larus Philadelphia •Little Gull X Larus minutu* Heermann’s Gull Larus beermanni Black-legged Kittiwake Rissa tridactyla Sabine’s Gull Xema sabini Forster’s Tern N Sterna forsteri Common Tern Sterna birundo Arctic Tern Sterna paradisaea Caspian Tern N Hydroprogne caspia Black Tern N Chlidonias niger ALCIDAE Common Murre N Uria aalge Thick-billed Murre X Uria lomvia Pigeon Guillemot N Ceppbus columba Marbled Murrelet pN Bracbyrampbus marmoratus •Kittlitz’s Murrelet X Bracbyrampbus brevirostris •Xantus’ Murrelet X Endomychura hypoleuca Ancient Murrelet xN Synthliborampbus antiquus Cassin’s Auklet N Ptycborampbus aleuticus Parakeet Auklet X Cyclorrhyncbus psittacula Rhinoceros Auklet N Cerorhinca monocerata Horned Puffin X Fmtercula comiculata Tufted Puffin N Lunda cirrbata COLUMBIDAE Band-tailed Pigeon N Columba fasciata Rock Dove N I Columba livia White-winged Dove X Zenaida asiatica Mourning Dove N Zenaida macroura 6 WASHINGTON CHECKLIST CUCULIDAE * Yellow-billed Cuckoo eN X Coccyzus americanus •Black-billed Cuckoo X Coccyzus erytbroptbalmus TYTONIDAE Bam Owl N Tyto alba STRIGIDAE Screech Owl N Otus asio Flammulated Owl pN Otus flammeolus Great Horned Owl N Bubo virginianus Snowy Owl Nyctea scandiaca Hawk Owl X Sumia ulula Pygmy Owl N Glaucidium gnoma Burrowing Owl N Speotyto cunicularia •Barred Owl Strix varia Spotted Owl N Strix occidentalis Great Gray Owl X Strix nebulosa Long-eared Owl N Asio otus Short-eared Owl N Asio flammeus •Boreal Owl X Aegolius funereus Saw-whet Owl N Aegolius acadicus CAPRIMULGIDAE Poor-will N Pbalaenoptilus nuttallii Common Nighthawk N Cbordeiles minor APODIDAE Black Swift N Cypseloides niger Vaux’s Swift N Chaetura vauxi White-throated Swift N Aeronautes saxatalis TROCHILIDAE Black-chinned Hummingbird N Archilochus alexandri •Anna’s Hummingbird Calypte anna Rufous Hummingbird N Selaspborus rufus Allen’s Hummingbird X Selaspborus sasin Calliope Hummingbird N Stellula calliope ALCEDINIDAE Belted Kingfisher N Megaceryle alcyon PICIDAE Common Flicker N Colaptes auratus Pileated Woodpecker N Dryocopus pileatus Lewis’ Woodpecker N Asyndesmus lewis *Red-naped Sapsucker N Sphyrapicus nuchalis Red-breasted Sapsucker N Sphyrapicus ruber Williamson’s Sapsucker N Sphyrapicus thyroideus Hairy Woodpecker N Dendrocopos villosus Downy Woodpecker N Dendrocopos pubescens White-headed Woodpecker N Dendrocopos albolarvatus Black-backed Three-toed Woodpecker N Picoides arcticus Northern Three-toed Woodpecker N Picoides tridactylus TYRANNIDAE Eastern Kingbird N Tyrannus tyrannus Tropical Kingbird X Tyrannus melancbolicus Western Kingbird N Tyrannus verticalis Ash-throated Flycatcher N Myiarchus cinerascens Say’s Phoebe N Sayomis saya Willow Flycatcher N Empidonax traillii •Least Flycatcher X Empidonax minimus Hammond’s Flycatcher N Empidonax bammondii 7 WASHINGTON CHECKLIST Dusky Flycatcher N Empidonax oberkolseri •Gray Flycatcher N Empidonax wrigbtii Western Flycatcher N Empidonax difficilis Western Wood Pewee N Contopus sordidulus Olive-sided Flycatcher N Nuttallomis borealis ALAUDIDAE •Skylark N I Alauda arvensis Horned Lark N Eremopbila alpestris HIRUNDINIDAE Violet-green Swallow N Tacbycineta thalassina Tree Swallow N Iridoprocne bicolor Bank Swallow N Riparia riparia Rough-winged Swallow N Stelgidopteryx ruficollis Barn Swallow N Hirundo rustica Cliff Swallow N Petrocbelidon pyrrbonota Purple Martin N Progne subis CORVIDAE Gray Jay N Perisoreus canadensis •Blue Jay Cyanocitta cristata Steller’s Jay N Cyanocitta stelleri Scrub Jay N Aphelocoma coerulescens Black-billed Magpie N Pica pica Common Raven N Corvus corax •Common Crow N Corvus bracbyrbyncbos •Pinon Jay X Gymnorbinus cyanocepbalus Clark’s Nutcracker N Nucifraga Columbiana PARI DAE Black-capped Chickadee N Parus atricapillus Mountain Chickadee N Parus gambeli Boreal Chickadee pN Pants budsonicus Chestnut-backed Chickadee N Parus rufescens Bushtit N Psaltriparus minimus SITTIDAE White-breasted Nuthatch N Sitta carolinensis Red-breasted Nuthatch N Sitta canadensis Pygmy Nuthatch N Sitta pygmaea CERTHIIDAE Brown Creeper N Certhia familiaris CINCLIDAE Dipper N Cinclus mexicanus TROGLODYTIDAE House Wren N Troglodytes aedon Winter Wren N Troglodytes troglodytes Bewick’s Wren N Tbryomanes bewickii Long-billed Marsh Wren N Telmatodytes palustris Canon Wren N Catberpes mexicanus Rock Wren N Salpinctes obsoletus MIMIDAE •Mockingbird Mimus polyglottos Gray Catbird N Dumetella carolinensis Sage Thrasher N Oreoscoptes montanus TURDIDAE American Robin N Turdus migratorius Varied Thrush N Ixoreus naevius Hermit Thrush N Catbarus guttatus Swainson’s Thrush N Catbarus ustulatus Veery N Catbarus fuscescens 8 WASHINGTON CHECKLIST Western Bluebird N Sialia mexicana Mountain Bluebird N Sialia currucoides Townsend’s Solitaire N Myadestes townsendi SYLVIIDAE Golden-crowned Kinglet N Regulus sat rap a Ruby-crowned Kinglet N Regulus calendula MOTACILLIDAE Water Pipit N Anthus spinoletta BOMBYCILLIDAE Bohemian Wax wing xN Bomby cilia garrulus Cedar Wax wing N Bombycilla cedrorum LANIIDAE Northern Shrike Lanius excubitor Loggerhead Shrike N Lanius ludovicianus STURNIDAE •Starling N I Stum us vulgaris VIREONIDAE Hutton’s Vireo N Vireo buttoni Solitary Vireo N Vireo solitarius Red-eyed Vireo N Vireo olivaceus Warbling Vireo N Vireo gilvus PARUL1DAE Black-and-white Warbler Mniotilta varia •Prothonotary Warbler X Protonotaria citrea •Tennessee Warbler X S Vermivora peregrina Orange- crowned Warbler N Vermivora celata Nashville Warbler N Vermivora ruftcapilla Yellow Warbler N Dendroica petechia •Cape May Warbler X S Dendroica tigrina Yellow-rumped Warbler N Dendroica coronata Black-throated Gray Warbler N Dendroica nigrescens Townsend’s Warbler N Dendroica townsendi Hermit Warbler N Dendroica occidentalis *Chestnut-sided Warbler X Dendroica pensylvanica •Palm Warbler X S Dendroica palmarum •Ovenbird X Seiurus aurocapillus •Northern Waterthrush N Seiurus noveboracensis MacGillivray’s Warbler N Oporomis tolmiei Common Yellowthroat N Geothlypis t rich as Yellow-breasted Chat N Icteria virens Wilson’s Warbler N Wilsonia pusilla American Redstart N Setophaga ruticilla PLOCEIDAE House Sparrow N I Passer domesticus ICTERIDAE Bobolink pN Dolicbonyx oryzivorus Western Meadowlark N Stumella neglecta Yellow-headed Blackbird N Xantbocepbalus xanthocephalus Red-winged Blackbird N Agelaius phoeniceus Northern Oriole N Icterus galbula •Rusty Blackbird X Euphagus carolinus Brewer’s Blackbird N Euphagus cyanocephalus Common Grackle X Quiscalus quiscula Brown-headed Cowbird N Molothrus ater THRAUPIDAE Western Tanager N Piranga ludoviciana 9 WASHINGTON CHECKLIST FRINGILLIDAE •Rose-breasted Grosbeak X Pheucticus ludovicianus Black-headed Grosbeak N Pheucticus melanocepbalus •Indigo Bunting X Passerina cyanea Lazuli Bunting N Passerina amoena Evening Grosbeak N Hesperiphona vespertina Purple Finch N Carpodacus purpureus Cassin’s Finch N Carpodacus cassinii •House Finch N Carpodacus mexicanus Pine Grosbeak N Pinicola enucleator Gray-crowned Rosy Finch N Leucosticte tephrocotis Common Redpoll Acanthis flam me a Pine Siskin N Spinus pinus American Goldfinch N Spinus tristis •Lesser Goldfinch X Spinus psaltria Red Crossbill N Loxia curvirostra White-winged Crossbill xN Loxia leucoptera Green-tailed Towhee N Chlorura chlorura Rufous-sided Towhee N Pipilo erythrophthalmus •Lark Bunting X S Calamospiza melanocorys Savannah Sparrow N Passerculus sandwichensis Grasshopper Sparrow N Ammodramus savannarum •LeConte’s Sparrow X Ammospiza leconteii Vesper Sparrow N Pooecetes gramineus Lark Sparrow N Cbondestes grammacus Sage Sparrow N Ampbispiza belli Dark-eyed Junco N Junco byemalis Tree Sparrow Spizella arborea Chipping Sparrow N Spizella passerina •Clay-colored Sparrow Spizella pallida Brewer’s Sparrow N Spizella b re wen Harris’ Sparrow Zonotricbia querula White-crowned Sparrow N Zonotricbia leucophrys •Golden-crowned Sparrow xN Zonotricbia atricapilla White-throated Sparrow Zonotricbia albicollis Fox Sparrow N Passer ella iliac a Lincoln’s Sparrow N Melospiza lincolnii •Swamp Sparrow X Melospiza georgiana Song Sparrow N Melospiza melodia Lapland Longspur Calcarius lapponicus •Chestnut-collared Longspur X Calcarius omatus Snow Bunting Plectropbenax nivalis Reprints of this checklist are available from Phil Schaeffer, 376 Greenwood Beach Road, Tiburon, CA 94920. Price: $1.25 (10 or more 75if each) postpaid. Make checks payable to California Field Ornithologists. 10 WASHINGTON CHECKLIST Little Gull (Larus minutus), Everett, Washington, 8 November 1974. Laysan Albatross (Diomedea immutabilis ), 46 miles west of Westport, Washington, 12 September 1971. Photos by Dennis Paulson 11 WASHINGTON CHECKLIST ANNOTATIONS YELLOW-BILLED LOON (Gavia adamsii). Jewett et al. list the species as hypothetical. Z. Schultz (1971a) summarizes records through 1968 including a description of a bird seen on Lake Washington, Seattle, King Co., 23 December 1956. A photograph of a Yellow-billed Loon from Washington appears on AFN* 22(3). Since 1967 this species has been reported annually in western Washington, between extreme dates of 5 October (AB 29:106) and 22 April (AB 27:809), with one individual found on 14 July 1974 at Neah Bay, Clallam Co. (AB 28: 938, description on file). SHORT-TAILED ALBATROSS (Diomedea albatrus). A barely recognizable photograph has been published of a subadult individual found 3 May 1970 off Westport, Grays Harbor Co. (Wahl 1970). This is the only record for this species in Washington during this century (Jewett et al. 1953). LAYSAN ALBATROSS (D. immutabilis). This species is regular in autumn and winter in the eastern North Pacific (Sanger 1965), but within 60 miles of the Washington coast there are only four records. These are: two seen by G. Alcorn about 25 miles W of Destruction Is., Jefferson Co., 23-24 August 1949 (Kenyon 1950); one by C. Love near 48° N within 60 miles of the coast on 24-25 February 1958 (Sanger 1965); one by W. Peterson 46 miles W of Washington along 47°30' N in mid October 1964 (Sanger 1970); and one 46 miles W of Westport, Grays Harbor Co., on 12 September 1971 (AB 26:107, photograph on file). FLESH-FOOTED SHEARWATER (Puffinus cameipes). Jewett et al. cite a single specimen for the state. An individual of this species was reported from Cape Disappointment, Pacific Co., 19 September 1965 (AFN 20:81). However, since the autumn of 1970 (AFN 25:95) the species has been recorded regularly on pelagic trips from 6 May (AB 27:809) to 15 October (AB 27:105) with peak numbers reaching 22 birds on 12 May 1973 (AB 27:809). BULLER’S SHEARWATER (P. bulleri). Jewett et al. cite a single specimen record. Since 1965 (AFN 20:82), however, reports have become regular, and the number observed on offshore trips has steadily increased to a count of 870 on 7 October 1973 (Wahl 1975). The extreme dates are 25 August and 30 October. FORK-TAILED STORM-PETREL (Oceanodroma furcata). This species is now definitely known to nest in the state (Richardson 1960). LITTLE BLUE HERON (Florida caerulea). An immature found on Judson Lake, near Sumas, Whatcom Co., from late October until 10 November 1974 (AB 29:106, descriptions and photographs on file) is the first record for the state. CATTLE EGRET (Bubulcus ibis). A single bird found by C. Aldous near the McNary NWR headquarters, Walla Walla Co., on 16 October 1967 (R. Woodley pers. comm., photograph on file) is the first record for Washington. Four subse- quent records are all from western Washington: in December 1969 on the Long Beach Peninsula, Pacific Co., photographed (AB 28:93); at the Skagit Game Range, Skagit Co., 30 October 1973 (AB 28:93); near Chinook, Pacific Co., from 10 October to 22 November 1974 (AB 29:106); and near Ferndale, Whatcom Co. from 25 December 1974 to 8 January 1975 (AB 29:731, photograph on file). GREAT EGRET (Casmerodius albus). Jewett et al. list the species as hypo- thetical. The first record is of a single bird seen at Turnbull NWR, Spokane Co., 14 June 1949 (Canaris 1950). The first specimen was collected two miles SE of Kamiak Butte, Whitman Co., 30 April 1952 (Hudson and Yocum 1954:10). Two additional specimens are from western Washington: Redmond, King Co., 11 May 1962 (Rieck 1962) and the Lummi Flats, Whatcom Co., 29 October 1972 (AB 27:106). Records now exist for all months of the year, with most individuals being seen in the autumn. •Abbreviations: AFN, Audubon Field Notes; AB, American Birds. 12 WASHINGTON CHECKLIST TRUMPETER SWAN (Cygnus buccinator). Jewett et al. describe this species as “formerly migrant and winter resident, ...no records in recent years.” A win- tering population of about a hundred Alaskan birds is now noted annually near Clear Lake, Skagit Co., with a few scattered on the outer coast (Van Wormer 1973). A small population introduced in 1963 at Turnbull NWR, Spokane Co., has bred annually since 1967 (Malcolm 1971). BRANT (Branta bemicla). As proposed by Delacour and Mayr (1945) and accepted by recent reviewers of waterfowl (Johnsgard 1975), we consider B. b. nigricans, a common visitor to Washington salt water shores, and B. b. brota, a rare visitor in similar localities, as conspecific. ROSS’ GOOSE ( Chen rossii). The first record for Washington is of one bird observed and described by G, Hudson and C. Yocum near Pullman, Whitman Co., 13 April 1950 (Yocum 1951). Lacking a specimen, these observers (1954) listed the species as hypothetical for southeastern Washington. A single Ross’ Goose was reported by F. Kenney from McNary NWR, Walla Walla Co., 2-16 December 1962 (AFN 17:344), and each season for the next two years, with the earliest date being 30 October 1964 (AFN 19:61). Two individuals were seen near Richland, Benton Co., on 7 November 1972 by N. Meadowcroft (AB 27:86, description on file), and five were at Turnbull NWR, Spokane Co., on 1 November 1974 (AB 29:90). Spring records in eastern Washington are from 25 April to 9 May 1971 at Walla Walla (AB 25:772, description on file), April 1974 and 2 May 1967 at Turnbull NWR (AB 28:829 and AFN 21:525), and 30 May to 6 June 1972 at Columbia NWR, Grant Co. (Furrer 1972). The only western Washington record is of a single bird at Leadbetter Pt., Pacific Co., 8 May 1971 (AB 25:787, description on file). LESSER SCAUP (Aythya affinis). A brood found in the Harder area of Adams Co. in the summer of 1946, and four broods found at Turnbull NWR, Spokane Co., in the summer of 1947 (Yocum 1949) are the first evidence of nesting by this species in Washington. TUFTED DUCK (A. fuiigula). The first record for this species in Washington is of two males seen and photographed on 31 December 1967 in Seattle, King Co., with at least one remaining until late February 1968 (Schultz 1971b). A single male reappeared each winter thereafter until 27 December 1970 (AB 25: 472, photograph on file). This regular reappearance over several years argues in favor of a wild origin for this bird, or birds. In addition, the pattern of occur- rence of Tufted Ducks along the entire west coast of North America supports the assumption that most such birds are wild (McCaskie 1973). BUFFLEHEAD (Bucephala albeola). A pair found nesting on Hanson Lake near Mt. Pilchuck, Snohomish Co., in June 1946 (Larrison and Sonnenberg 1968) is the first report of breeding by this species in Washington. At Turnbull NWR, Spokane Co., several broods were noted on 19 June 1971 (AB 25:879). TURKEY (Meleagris gallopavo). Following unsuccessful introductions dating to 1913 (Taylor 1923), introductions of M. g. merriami begun in 1960 have de- veloped into large self-sustaining populations, most notably in Stevens and Klicki- tat counties. The first open hunting season was declared in the fall of 1965 in Stevens Co., and a spring season was added in 1970. Study skins are deposited in the Department of Game office in Olympia, Washington (F. Martinson, Wash. State Dept, of Game, pers. comm.). SEMIPALMATED PLOVER (Charadrius semipalmatus). Two successful broods hatched at Ocean Shores, Grays Harbor Co., during the summer of 1973 are the first record of breeding by this species in Washington (Morris 1974). SNOWY PLOVER (C. alexandrinus). This species is now known to nest regu- larly in small numbers in Pacific and Grays Harbor counties (e.g. AB 25:897, 26:894). 13 WASHINGTON CHECKLIST MOUNTAIN PLOVER (C. montanus). The first specimen for Washington is an immature female collected at North Cove, Pacific Co., 28 November 1964 (Leraas 1965). D. Paulson observed a single bird at Turnbull NWR, Spokane Co., 6 May 1968 (AFN 22:630). WHITE-RUMPED SANDPIPER (Calidris fuscicollis). There are two records of this species for Washington, both of single birds at Reardan, Lincoln County. The first was observed by J. Acton, W. Hall, and L. LaFave on 20 May 1962 (AFN 16:434), the second was photographed on 23 May 1964 by J. Acton (AFN 18:473, photograph on file). CURLEW SANDPIPER (C. ferruginea). The first record for Washington is a single bird in breeding plumage photographed 15 miles S of Ephrata, Grant Co., on 10 May 1972 (Meyer 1973, AB 26:784, photograph on file) and seen for several days thereafter (D. Meyer pers. comm.). BAR-TAILED GODWIT (Limosa lapponica). A single bird found 4 September 1973 at Pt. Brown, Grays Harbor Co. (Wahl 1973, photographs published and on file) is the first record for the state. Six of this species were seen at Leadbetter Pt., Pacific Co., on 8 June 1974 (AB 28:940, photograph published), and an individual was found at Neah Bay, Clallam Co., 2 July 1974 (AB 28:940, photo- graph on file). HUDSONIAN GODWIT (L. baemastica), Jewett et al. list this species as hypothetical. An immature female collected near O’Sullivan Dam, Grant Co., 12 September 1959 (LaFave 1960a, AFN 14:57) is the first definite record for the state. Another individual was seen by W. Hall on 15 September 1961 at Rear- dan, Lincoln Co. (AFN 16:59, T. Rogers pers. comm.), and three were seen at Ocean Shores, Grays Harbor Co., on 24 September 1966 (G. and W. Hoge, descrip- tion on file). RUFF (Philomachus pugnax). A male found at Crockett Lake, Whidbey Is., Island Co., from 4 to 19 September 1971 (Binford and Perrone 1971) is the first record for Washington. On 22 September 1972 a bird which was either a Reeve or an immature Ruff was found at Reardan, Lincoln Co. (AB 27:88, photograph published, and it and five other photographs showing Lesser Yellowlegs and Pectoral Sandpipers beside this bird are on file). Another Ruff was reported from Crockett Lake, Whidbey Is., on 23 September 1972 (AB 27:108). LONG-TAILED JAEGER (Stercorarius longicaudus). The first specimen for Washington is an adult taken at O’Sullivan Reservoir, Grant Co., 27 June 1953 (Hudson and Yocum 1954). Other eastern Washington records are cited by Han- son (1970) and Acton (AFN 25:82). Recent sightings on salt water in western Washington indicate that the species is a rare but regular fall migrant between 20 July (Martin and Myres 1969) and 25 October (AFN 18:67). THAYER’S GULL (Larus thayeri). The relative status of this and the Herring Gull, L. argentatus, is unclear. Recent sight reports indicate that Thayer’s Gull is present in western Washington from October to April. During this time adults appear to outnumber adult Herring Gulls at Puget Sound waste disposal sites by a wide margin. There are no records of this species from eastern Washington as yet. LITTLE GULL (L. minutus). The first well documented record of this species is of an adult in winter plumage at Penn Cove, Island Co., 2 September 1974, and nearby at Everett, Snohomish Co., 5 October 1974 (AB 29:109, descriptions on file). On 7-9 November 1974 one was found at Everett and on 8 November two were present and photographed (AB 29:109, photograph on file). An earlier sighting of an adult independently by R. Asher and R. Phillips at Pt. Roberts, Whatcom Co., 5 November 1972 (AB 27:108, description on file) is inconclusive. THICK-BILLED MURRE (Uria lomvia). A specimen of this species taken 19 February 1933 at Westport, Grays Harbor Co., was recently discovered in the U. W. Museum (No. 11633) by Dennis Paulson and William Harrington-Tweit. 14 WASHINGTON CHECKLIST KITTLITZ’S MURRELET (Brachyramphus brevirostris). The first record of this species is an individual in winter plumage photographed at Friday Harbor, San Juan Co., on 2 January 1974 by D. Heinemann (photograph on file). XANTUS’ MURRELET (Endomychura hypoleuca). Jewett et al. list this spe- cies as hypothetical. The earliest specimen is a male collected at Copalis Beach, Grays Harbor Co., 6 December 1941 (Feinstein 1958). Two specimens were taken from a small group about 125 miles SSW of Cape Flattery, Clallam Co., on 7 August 1947 (Cowan and Martin 1954). Documented sight records are on file for three pairs of this species about 40 miles off Westport, Grays Harbor Co., 11 October 1970 (AB 25:98), and three isolated individuals off Westport, Grays Harbor Co., 8 September 1974. YELLOW-BILLED CUCKOO (Coccyzus americanus). Although Jewett et al. cite this species as a rare summer resident and breeder in western Washington, there are only two records for the state since 1934 (Edson 1935). These are a single bird seen by H. Cogswell 20 miles N of Coulee Dam, Okanogan Co., 21 June 1956 (AFN 10:398), and one found dead by G. Durr in Beaux Arts, King Co., 10 July 1974 (specimen No. 28705 in the U. W. Museum). BLACK-BILLED CUCKOO (C. erythrophtbalmus). The first record for Wash- ington is a male with enlarged testes collected 1 July 1952 on Kamiak Butte, Whitman Co., by J. King (1952). A single individual was seen 3 miles SE of Kam- iak Butte near Albion, Whitman Co., 22 June 1958 and for several days there- after (Hudson 1959). BARRED OWL (Strix varia). The first report of this species for Washington is from Blueslide, Pend Oreille Co., on 2 October 1965 (AFN 20:74). This and subsequent records from both east and west Washington are summarized by Rei- chard (1974). However, the 15 October 1968 specimen from Mica Peak, Spokane Co., is lost (W. Hall pers. comm.), and the December 1973 specimen found near Skykomish, in King Co., is now No. 26880 in the U. W. Museum. A male (No. 74-257) trapped 23 January 1974 near lone, Pend Oreille Co., and a female (No. 74-256) taken in a barn near Pullman, Whitman Co., on 9 March 1974 are in the Conner Museum at W.S.U. in Pullman (R. Johnson pers. comm.). BOREAL OWL (Aegolius funereus). Jewett et al. list this species as hypo- thetical. The first undisputed specimen was collected 10 January 1974 at Pull- man, Whitman Co. (AB 28:666; Johnson and Hudson 1976). ANNA’S HUMMINGBIRD (Calypte anna). The first record for Washington is a male found in Seattle, King Co., from 30 November 1964 through February 1965 (AFN 19:411, photograph on file). Since then this species has wintered annually in western Washington, mostly near feeders in urban areas (Zimmerman 1973). Males displayed on territory in Discovery Park, Seattle, King Co., in March and April 1974 (E. Spragg pers. comm.), but nesting has not yet been document- ed. Summer records, possibly of early fall arrivals, are a female at Ft. Canby State Park, Pacific Co., 24 July 1972 (E. Hunn); two males at a feeder on Camano Is., Island Co., 23 July 1974 (J. Wingfield, description on file); and two undated summer records from Anderson Is., Pierce Co., and near Union, Mason Co. (Lar- rison and Sonnenberg 1968). Reports for east of the Cascades are from Yakima, Yakima Co. (AB 27:89), and Wenatchee, Chelan Co. (AB 27:641 and 28:666) in the late autumn. RED-NAPED SAPSUCKER (Spbyrapicus nucbalis). We follow the analyses of Short (1969) and Devillers (1970) in the nomenclature of the sapsuckers. In general, breeding populations east of the Cascades in Washington are this form, with those west of the Cascades being the Red-breasted Sapsucker (S. ruber). Reports of S. nucbalis from western Washington span the normal periods of mi- gration for this species, whereas there are only scattered records of S. ruber from eastern Washington. 15 WASHINGTON CHECKLIST LEAST FLYCATCHER (Empidonax minimus). The first record for Washing- ton is a singing male tape-recorded and then collected (testes in breeding condi- tion) one mile W of Anacortes, Skagit Co., 23 June 1958 (Stein and Michener 1961). D. Paulson reports an individual seen and heard at Turnbull NWR, Spo- kane Co., 1 June 1968 (AB 22:630). Another was found along Umtanum Creek, Yakima Co., about 8 miles SW of Ellensburg, from 18 June to 6 July 1974 (AB 28:927, description and tape-recording on file). GRAY FLYCATCHER (E. wrigbtii). The first report for Washington is a single bird seen and heard at Wenas Park, 10 miles NW of Naches, Yakima Co., 31 May 1970 (Larrison 1971). Photographs of a nest with eggs and of an incu- bating bird were obtained during May 1972 in the Wenas Park Vicinity (Yaich and Larrison 1973, photographs published). Other reports and a specimen (U. W. Museum No. 28593) collected near Wenas Park on 29 June 1974 are described by Lavers (1975). SKYLARK (Alauda arvensis). An individual described from San Juan Is., San Juan Co., 15 August 1960 (Bruce 1961) is the first record for Washington. A nesting colony at American Camp, six miles S of Friday Harbor, San Juan Is., was discovered and a nest with young photographed 17 May 1970 (Wahl and Wilson 1971). The colony has been observed annually since. * Weisb rod and Stevens (1974) described and censused the colony and collected two adult males there on 15 and 17 March 1972. BLUE JAY (Cyanocitta cristata). The first record for Washington is a speci- men taken 4 January 1951 near Pullman, Whitman Co. (Hudson 1951). Hudson and Yocum refer to a second specimen also taken near Pullman 10 October 1951 (1954). Blue Jays have been reported from near Spokane, Spokane Co., every fall and winter since 1968 (AFN 23:84), with extreme dates of early September (AB 28:81) to 13 May (AB 26:785). Western Washington records are one at a feeder in Seattle, King Co., during January and February 1971 (AB 25:618), and another in Des Moines, King Co., from 16 November 1974 until late April 1975 (AB 29*110, photograph on file). COMMON CROW (Corvus brachyrhynchos). We follow the convincing analy- sis and description by Johnston (1961) of the “Northwestern Crow” (Corvus b. caurinus) as a small race of the Common Crow, intergrading with C. b. besperis through the Puget Sound region and coastal areas of Washington. PINON JAY (Gymnorbinus cyanocepbala). Two specimens collected on 22 April 1967 by R. Thompson (pers. comm.) from one of several small flocks pre- sent for about a week near Goldendale, Klickitat Co., are the first definite records for Washington. One of these specimens is now in the collection of J. Burton Lauckhart in Olympia (photograph of the specimen on file). An earlier sight record is of a single individual seen during October 1947 along Satus Creek, Yakima Co. (Jewett et al. 1953). However, there is another reference by the same observer to one seen along Wenas Creek, Yakima Co., on 17 or 18 June 1941 (Larrison 1941), and in neither case are substantiating details available. MOCKINGBIRD (Mimus polyglottus). Jewett et al. list this species as hypo- thetical. The first specimen was obtained 17 February 1962 in Pullman, Whit- man Co. (Moldenhauer and Bawdon 1962). Mockingbirds are now recorded annually in both eastern and western Washington, with reports from all months except August and September. No breeding activity has been reported. STARLING (Stumus vulgaris). Jewett et al. describe this species as “a rare permanent resident having recently invaded the state...” It is now abundant throughout the state in suitable habitats (see also Larrison and Sonnenberg 1968). 16 WASHINGTON CHECKLIST PROTHONOTARY WARBLER (Protonotaria citrea). An individual was seen and photographed at Richland, Benton Co., on 5 September 1970 and was pres- sent for several weeks thereafter (AB 25:83, Mrs. O. C. Schroeder pers. comm., photographs on file). TENNESSEE WARBLER (Vermivora peregrina). An individual seen 30 Aug- ust 1970 at Spokane, Spokane Co., by J. Acton (AB 25:83, description and sketch on file) is the first record for Washington, One was found in Seattle, King Co,, on 25 September 1973 (AB 28:97, description on file), and another was seen by several observers at Ruby Beach, Jefferson Co., on 20 May 1974 (AB 28: 844, description on file). An earlier report (AFN 17:52) has no supporting details. CAPE MAY WARBLER (Dendroica tigrinia). An individual observed in Belling- ham, Whatcom Co., on 21 September 1974 is the first record for Washington (AB 29:111, descriptions by both observers are on file). CHESTNUT-SIDED WARBLER (D. pensylvanica). An unsexed specimen col- lected 18 June 1960 on the Columbia NWR, Grant Co., is the first record for Washington (Marshall 1970). PALM WARBLER (D. palm arum). The first record for Washington is a single bird observed on 13 December 1964 at Wiser Lake, near Bellingham, Whatcom Co. (AFN 19:411, description on file). There are several subsequent reports: one seen 40 miles W of Westport, Grays Harbor Co., 16 October 1971 (AB 26:111, description on file), one found 21 October 1972 at Pt. Roberts, Whatcom Co. (AB 27:110), and three found at Ocean Shores, Grays Harbor Co., from 15 Decem- ber 1974 until 11 January 1975 (AB 29:734, description on file). The only rec- ord east of the Cascades is one seen in the Dishman Hills, near Spokane, Spokane Co., on 26 June 1972 (AB 26:881), and the only spring record is one on the North Beach Peninsula, Pacific Co., on 13 and 20 April 1974 (AB 28:845, descrip- tion on file). OVENBIRD (Seiarus aurocapilhis). The first record for Washington is a speci- men obtained 15 November 1956 in Spokane, Spokane Co. (LaFave 1957). On 5 June 1972 an Ovenbird which hit a window in Richland, Benton Co., was photographed and released (AB 26:881, photograph on file). A singing Ovenbird was tape-recorded at the south end of Sullivan Lake, Pend Oreille Co., on 16 June 1973 (AB 27:896, tape recording on file). NORTHERN WATERTHRUSH (S. noveboracensis). Jewett et al. list this species as hypothetical. After several more sight records in eastern Washington, a breeding colony was located at the south end of Sullivan Lake, Pend Oreille Co., and the first specimen was collected there on 14 June 1962 (LaFave and Hall 1963). This species is now known to breed regularly at several locations in the northeastern corner of the state with vagrants noted very rarely in western Wash- ington (e.g. AFN 23:512). RUSTY BLACKBIRD (Eupbagus carolinus). Jewett et al. list this species as hypothetical. An individual trapped and photographed in the hand on 26 Decem- ber 1960 by T. Rogers at Spokane, Spokane Co., is the first unquestioned state record (AFN 15:346, photograph on file). Sight records for which written de- scriptions are on file are: 25 September 1927 at 4600' on Mt. Baker, Whatcom Co. (Basket 1928); 12-13 October 1973 at Turnbull NWR, Spokane Co. (AB 28: 82); 10-19 December 1972 on the Lummi Flats, Whatcom Co. (AB 27:655); and 20 January 1973 west of Othello, in Grant Co. (AB 27:642). ROSE-BREASTED GROSBEAK (Pheucticus ludovicianits). The first record for Washington is an adult male taken by L. Wadkins at Sprague, Lincoln Co., on 2 May 1956 and now in the Conner Museum at W.S.U. in Pullman. 17 WASHINGTON CHECKLIST INDIGO BUNTING (Passerina cyanea). The first record for Washington is a singing male near Forks, Jefferson Co., 23 June to 13 July 1958 described by Calder (1966, 1967). Another singing male was found 7 July 1973 at Pend Oreille State Park, Pend Oreille Co. (AB 27:896, photograph on file). HOUSE FINCH (Carpodacus mexicanus ). Jewett et at. describe this species as “fairly common migrant and summer resident.. .of the southern part of eastern Washington in general...” They cite no definite breeding records. It is now a common permanent resident and breeding bird throughout the state in suitable habitat (see also Larrison and Sonnenberg 1968). LESSER GOLDFINCH (Spinus psaltria). Jewett et al. do not list this species for Washington, although both Bent (1968) and the AOU Check-list (1957) cite Vancouver, Clark Co., as the northern limit of the breeding range. There is one signt record of four males and one female in Vancouver, Clark Co., 15 June 1974 (AB 28:943, description on file), and, otherwise, only a single reference to the occurrence of this species in Washington, a report that they arrived at Camas, Clark Co., by mid-August 1951 (AFN 6:35). (A photograph taken 16 June 1975 of a breeding male near Lyle, Klickitat Co., is on file). LARK BUNTING (Calamospiza melanocorys). The first report for Washington is a male in breeding plumage seen 16 June 1967 at Marietta, Whatcom Co., by J. Duemmel (AFN 21:600). A winter-plumaged individual was found 2 September 1973 at Cape Flattery, Clallam Co., by K. Taylor and B. Hay (AB 28:97, de- scription and sketch on file). LeCONTE’S SPARROW (Ammospiza leconteii). The first record for Washing- ton is an individual which flew against a window in Kennewick, Benton Co., 29 May 1964 (LaFave 1965, AFN 18:474). CLAY-COLORED SPARROW (Spizella pallida). The first record for Wash- ington is an adult male collected 6 June 1960 at Opportunity, near Spokane, Spokane Co. (LaFave 1960b, AFN 14:467). LaFave also notes an unpublished sighting reported to him of an individual seen and heard 9 June 1950 at Spokane (LaFave 1960b). The four subsequent reports are also from Spokane: on 7 May 1964 (AFN 18:474), 16 May through 23 June 1973 (AB 27:799 and 27:896), 10 September 1967 (AFN 22:72), and 11 September 1968 (AFN 23:85). GOLDEN-CROWNED SPARROW (Zonotricbia atricapilla), A male and a female in full breeding condition collected from two territorial pairs on 14-15 July 1956 at Harts Pass, Okanogan Co. (Farner and Buss 1957) are the first evi- dence of nesting activity by this species in Washington. SWAMP SPARROW (Melospiza georgiana). An individual observed 24 Febru- ary 1973 at Lake Sammamish State Park, King Co., is the first record for Wash- ington. On 8 April 1973 presumably the same bird was seen again there by many observers and photographed (Hunn 1973, photograph published and on file; AB 27:656). The first eastern Washington record is one found on 20 October 1974 at Sun Lakes Campground, Grant Co. (AB 29:92). These observations are fol- lowed by three well documented sightings during December 1974 in Skagit and Whatcom counties (AB 29:5 39, 542, and 735, descriptions on file). CHESTNUT-COLLARED LONGSPUR (Calcarius omatus). The first record for Washington is a single adult molting out of breeding plumage closely observed on 7 July 1974 near Tokeland, Pacific Co., by W. Harrington-Tweit and D. Hay- ward (AB 28:943, description on file). (Photographs taken 26 June 1975 by D. Hoechlin of a breeding plumage male at Pt. Grenville, Grays Harbor Co., are on file). 18 WASHINGTON CHECKLIST HYPOTHETICALS MANX SHEARWATER (Puffinus puffinus). Jewett et al. list this species as hypothetical. There are four published records. The earliest two are entirely without substantiating details: one seen in June 1907 by A. Anthony off Cape Flattery, Clallam Co. (Dawson 1908), and three seen by R. Sleeper at 125° W off northern Washington on 10 July 1966 (Sanger 1972, a copy of the ship log of this observation is on file). The one described from the north jetty of the Columbia River, Pacific Co., on 12 September 1970 (AB 25:95) was seen by another competent observer who did not agree with the identification, and the details of another reported from the Westport jetty. Grays Harbor Co., 7 Sep- tember 1973 (AB 28:93, description on file) are not completely satisfying. SNOWY EGRET (Egretta thula). Two specimens were taken by J. K. Town- send on 3 July and 13 August 1836 from “Walla Walla, Columbia River” (Street 1948). That locality is actually Ft. Walla Walla, near Wallula, Walla Walla Co. (Townsend 1839). However, Townsend did not mention the Snowy Egret in the list of birds appended to his narrative, and, further, the two specimens cannot now be found at' the Academy of Natural Sciences in Philadelphia (M. Trout pers. comm. 29 January 1976) where they were said to have been deposited. For these reasons this report must remain hypothetical. Another Snowy Egret was reported at the north jetty of the Columbia River, Pacific Co,, on 8 September 1972 (AB 27:106), but further details are lacking (J. Welch pers. comm.). MUTE SWAN (Cygnus olor). There are several records of free-flying individu- als in the Puget Sound region. However, in addition to the possibility of escapes, introduced Mute Swans are established near Victoria, British Columbia, and oc- casional strays from that population may appear in Washington. BARNACLE GOOSE (Branta leucopsis). A report of two of this species in the Skagit Game Refuge hospital, Skagit Co., on 30 September 1961 (AFN 16:67) is without further details. BLACK DUCK (Anas rubripres). Jewett et al. include this species on the basis of a single specimen. There are a number of subsequent sightings reported in American Birds or for which written descriptions are on file. However, Black Ducks have long been widely held in captivity, and a breeding population derived from known escaped birds was recently discovered near Marysville, Snohomish Co. (AB 28:94). Therefore, until it can be proven that at least one of the Black Duck reports is of a truly wild bird, this species must remain on the hypothetical list. COMMON EIDER (Somateria mollissima). Jewett et al. include this species on the basis of observations of several females and a male in the Puget Sound area during January and February 1906. However, since no identifying details are recorded (Bowles 1906a, 1906b, 1911; Dawson and Bowles 1909), the species must be placed on the hypothetical list. TEREK SANDPIPER (Xenus cinereus). An individual is reported from Dunge- ness NWR, Clallam Co., on 27 October 1972 (AB 27:27 and 27:77, description on file), but the brief details of the observation are insufficient. ICELAND GULL (Larus glaucoides). Jewett et al. include this species on the basis of a specimen taken 15 June 1934 at Westport, Grays Harbor Co., later identified as an Iceland Gull (Schultz 1951). That specimen, No. 11601 in the U. W. Museum, has been reexamined and found to be a California Gull, L. califomi- cus (Hunn and Paulson in prep.). There are three sight records for eastern Wash- ington (LaFave 1965, and AFN 21:525), but no identifying details are published and the details provided the AFN Regional Editor are incomplete (descriptions on file). 19 WASHINGTON CHECKLIST BLACK-HEADED GULL (L. ridibundus). An immature of this species was identified at Ocean Shores, Grays Harbor Co,, 4 November 1972 by J. Morris (AB 29:109, description and sketch on file). However, regardless of how well described, a species represented by a single sight record by a single observer must remain on the hypothetical list. RED-LEGGED KITTIWAKE (Rissa brevirostris). Jewett et al. list the species as hypothetical. Another possible sighting is an immature reported on the North Beach Peninsula three miles S of Leadbetter Pt., Pacific Co., 27 January 1974 (AB 28:681, description on file). PASSENGER PIGEON (Ectopistes migratorius). Jewett et al. state that this species formerly occurred casually, at least in the northern and northeastern parts of the state. However, there is no specimen, and the reported sightings are vague. In the placing of this species on the hypothetical list, we concur with Dawson and Bowles (1909) and with Bent (1932), who cite no definite record closer than eastern Montana. BROAD-TAILED HUMMINGBIRD (Selaspborus platy cercus) . Sightings are reported of single birds near Spokane on 7 April 1961 (AFN 15:428) and during July 1962 (AFN 16:494), but there are no supporting details. An earlier pub- lished report of a Washington specimen (Jewett 1930) was retracted (Jewett et al. 1953:385). BLACK PHOEBE (Sayomis nigricans). Jewett et al. list the species as hypo- thetical. A subsequent sight record of two birds on the AEC Hanford Reserva- tion 4 September 1962 (Richard 1964 and pers, comm.) is without substantiating details. BROWN THRASHER (Toxostoma rufum). Single individuals seen at Pasco, Franklin Co., on 19-20 May 1963 (AFN 17:473), and at the Skagit Game Range, Skagit Co., on 14 October 1972 (Manuwal 1973) are the only reports, but neither is accompanied with substantiating details. BLUE-GRAY GNATCATCHER (PolioptUa caerulea). A single bird was re- ported seen near Olympia, Thurston Co., 5 April 1958 by four observers (AFN 12:378), but no further details were provided to the AFN Regional Editor, Z. Schultz (pers. comm.). CRESTED MYNA (Acridotberes cristatellus). Jewett et al. describe this species as a “formerly rare permanent resident in northwestern Washington.” This is based on an allusion to their occurrence at Bellingham in the 1920s (Kelly 1927), and on reports by F. Cook of two flocks near Seattle, King Co., in 1929 and 1933. Recent reports are a sighting of 16 at Pt. Roberts, Whatcom Co., on 2 January 1960 (AFN 14:335) and of 4 near Bellingham, Whatcom Co., on 2 January 1972 (fide T. Wahl). Neither recent record is adequately documented, and the Seattle reports could have resulted from secondary, unsuccessful releases. MAGNOLIA WARBLER (Dendroica magnolia). An individual found on Lead- better Pt., Pacific Co., 17 September 1974 (AB 29:111, description on file) is the only report of this species for Washington. However, the description is incom- plete, and the species must remain on the hypothetical list. ORCHARD ORIOLE (Icterus spurius). A female reported 30 April and 24- 27 May (AB 28:831, S. Muse pers. comm.) and 12 June 1974 (AB 28:928; J. Winchell pers. comm.) from Walla Walla, Walla Walla Co., and a female and im- mature male reported by H. Stein from Curlew Lake, near Republic, Ferry Co., on 18 June 1974 (AB 29:92, description on file) are the only records for Wash- ington, but in neither case do the details of the observation distinguish the species. BLUE GROSBEAK (Guiraca caerulea). A female of this species is reported to have been banded on 28 May 1961 near Spokane, Spokane Co., and it and another female seen a few days later (AFN 15:428), but details of the observa- tions are insufficient. 20 WASHINGTON CHECKLIST BAIRD’S SPARROW (Ammodramus bairdii). Jewett et al. list the species as hypothetical. A subsequent sight record at Seattle, King Co., 3 May 1952 by unnamed observers has no supporting details (AFN 6:264). BLACK-THROATED SPARROW (Amphispiza bilineata). Jewett et al. do not comment on the sighting of a pair of this species 31 May 1908 near Brook Lake, Douglas Co., by W. Dawson (Dawson and Bowles 1909). The description of the male and its song made during the observation is extensive and quite con- vincing. However, since there is no positive mention with the description or in another reference to the observation (Dawson 1908) of any other observer, this species must remain on the hypothetical list. GRAY-HEADED JUNCO ( Junco caniceps). An individual at a feeder in Wen- atchee, Chelan Co., from 15 to 20 January 1974 (AB 28:667, description on file) is the first report of this species for Washington, but the description is too brief to be diagnostic. HOARY REDPOLL (Acanthis homemanni). A female of this species found at Marietta, Whatcom Co., on 28 December 1969 (AFN 24:532, description on file) is the first report for Washington. However, since there was only a single observer for this difficult sighting, this species must remain on the hypothetical list. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The assistance of Dennis Paulson, John Wingfield, and William Harrington-Tweit in the interpretation of written descriptions and identification of photographs is greatly appreciated. We particularly thank Tom Rogers for copies of photographs and field notes from the files of American Birds concerning numerous species in eastern Washington. Access to specimens at the U. W. Museum was provided by Sievert Rohwer, at the Conner Museum at Washington State Uni- versity by Richard Johnson, and at Whitman College by Charles Drabeck. William Harrington-Tweit checked specimens at the Uni- versity of Puget Sound. We thank Richard Thompson, J. Burton Lauckhart, and Fred Martinson of the Washington State Department. of Game for information about the Pinon Jay and Turkey. Unpub- lished details of observations were generously provided by Jim Acton, Warren Hall, Niel Meadowcroft, Shirley Muse, Harry Nehls, Robert Paine, David Pearson, Michael Perrone, W. H. Rickard, Zella Schultz, Owen Vivion, Joe Welch, and Robert Woodley. Alan Craig and Harry Nehls contributed valuable comments on an early draft of the manu- script. 21 WASHINGTON CHECKLIST LITERATURE CITED Alcorn, G. D. 1962. Checklist of birds of the state of Washington. Dept. Biol., Univ. Puget Sound (Tacoma, Wash.), Occas. Pap. No. 17. American Ornithologists’ Union. 1957. Check-list of North American birds. Fifth ed. Am. Ornithol. Union, Baltimore, Md. American Ornithologists’ Union. 1962. Notes and news. Auk 79:493-494. American Ornithologists’ Union. 1973. Thirty-second supplement to the Ameri- can Ornithologists’ Union check-list of North American birds. Auk 90:411-419. Basket, C. M. 1928. Rusty Blackbird seen in western Washington. Murrelet 9:20. Bent, A. C. 1932. Life histories of North American gallinaceous birds. U. S. Natl. Mus. Bull. 162. Bent, A. C. 1968. Life histories of North American cardinals, grosbeaks, bunt- ings, towhees, finches, sparrows, and allies. U. S. Natl. Mus. Bull. 237. Binford, L. C. and M. Perrone, Jr, 1971. First record for the Ruff in Washing- ton State, Calif. Birds 2:103-104. Bowles, J. H. 1906a. A list of the birds of Tacoma, Washington, and vicinity. Auk 23:138-148. Bowles, J. H. 1906b. Pacific Eider in Washington. Condor 8:57. Bowles, J. H. 1911. Notes extending the range of certain birds on the Pacific slope. Auk 28:169-178. Bruce, J. A. 1961. First record of European Skylark on San Juan Island, Wash- ington. Condor 63 :418. Calder, W. A, 1966 (1967). A sight record of the Indigo Bunting in Washington. Murrelet 47:45 (48:40). Canaris, A. G. 1950. Sight record of American Egret in eastern Washington. Murrelet 31:46. Cowan, I. McT. and P. W. Martin. 1954, A new northern record for Xanthus [sic] Murrelet, Brachyrampbus bypoleuca. Murrelet 35:50. Dawson, W. L„ 1908. New and unpublished records from Washington. Auk 25: 482-485. Dawson, W. L. and J. H. Bowles. 1909. The birds of Washington. Occidental Publishing Co., Seattle. 2 vols. Delacour, J. and E. Mayr. 1945. The family Anatidae. Wilson Bull. 57:1-55. Devillers, P. 1970. Identification and distribution in California of the Sphyrapi- cus varius group of sapsuckers. Calif. Birds 1:47-76. Edson, J. M. 1935. Some records supplementary to the distributional checklist of the birds of the state of Washington. Murrelet 16:11-14. Farner, D. S. and I. O. Buss. 1957. Summer records of the Golden-crowned Sparrow in Okanogan County, Washington. Condor 59:141. Feinstein, B. 1958. Xantus’ Murrelet (Endomycbura bypoleuca scrippsi) from the state of Washington. Auk 75:90-91. Furrer, R. K. 1972. A late spring record of a Ross’ Goose in east-central Wash- ington. Murrelet 53:49-50. Hanson, W. C. 1970. Recent sight records of jaegers in southeastern Washing- ton. Murrelet 51:17. Hudson, G. E. 1951. Eastern Blue Jay (Cyanocitta cristata) at Pullman, Wash- ington. Murrelet 32:43. Hudson, G. E. 1959. Another record of the Black-billed Cuckoo for eastern Washington. Murrelet 40:12. Hudson, G. E. and C. F. Yocum. 1954. A distributional list of the birds of southeastern Washington. Res. Stud. State Coll. Washington (Pullman) 22:1-56. Hunn, E. 1973. First record for the Swamp Sparrow in Washington State. West. Birds 4:31-32. 22 WASHINGTON CHECKLIST Hunn, E. and D. R. Paulson. In prep. A reidentification of the Iceland Gull specimen for Washington State. Jewett, S. G. 1930. The Broad-tailed Hummingbird in Washington State. Murre- let 11:73-74. Jewett, S. G., W. P. Taylor, W. T. Shaw and J. W. Aldrich. 1953. Birds of Wash- ington State. Univ. Washington Press, Seattle. Johnsgard, P. A. 1975. Waterfowl of North America. Indiana Univ. Press, Bloomington. Johnson, R. E. and G. E. Hudson. 1976. A Washington record of the Boreal Owl. Auk 93:195-196. Johnston, D. W. 1961. The biosystematics of American crows. Univ. of Wash- ton Press, Seattle. Kelly, W. N. 1927. The Japanese Starling in Vancouver, B. C. Murrelet 8:14. Kenyon, K. W. 1950. Distribution of albatrosses in the North Pacific and ad- jacent waters. Condor 52:97-103. King, J. R. 1952. The Black-billed Cuckoo in eastern Washington. Murrelet 33:44-45. LaFave, L. D. 1957. The Ovenbird (Seiurus aurocapillus), a new bird for Wash- ington. Murrelet 38:7. LaFave, L. D. 1960a. The Hudsonian Godwit, a new bird for the state of Wash- ington. Murrelet 41:16. LaFave, L. D. 1960b. The Clay-colored Sparrow, a new bird for the state of Washington. Murrelet 41 : 30. LaFave, L. D. 1965. The LeConte’s Sparrow, a new bird for the state of Wash- ington. Murrelet 46:26, LaFave, L. D. and W. G. Hall. 1963. A Washington State breeding population of the Northern Waterthrush. Murrelet 44:16. Larrison, E. J. 1941. Notes from the Cascade Mountains. Murrelet 22:40. Larrison, E. J. 1971. Sight record of the Gray Flycatcher in Washington. Murre- let 52:40. Larrison, E. J. and E. N. Francq. 1962. Field guide to the birds of Washington State, Seattle Audubon Society, Seattle. Larrison, E. J. and K. G. Sonnenberg. 1968. Washington birds: their location and identification. Seattle Audubon Society, Seattle. Lavers, N. 1975. The status of the Gray Flycatcher in Washington State. West. Birds 6:25-27. Leraas, H. J. 1965. A record of the Mountain Plover in Washington State. Con- dor 67:540-541. Malcolm, J. M. 1971. Two female Trumpeter Swans share a nest. Murrelet 52:24-25. Manuwal, D. A. 1973. Extralimital occurrence of the Brown Thrasher in west- ern Washington. Murrelet 54:24. Marshall, D. B. 1970. Chestnut-sided Warbler in Washington. Condor 72:246. Martin, P. W. and M. T. Myres. 1969. Observations on the distribution and mi- gration of some seabirds off the outer coasts of British Columbia and Washing- ton State, 1946-1949. Syesis 2:241-256. McCaskie, G. 1973. A second look at the exotic waterfowl. Birding 5:45-47. Meyer, D. 1973. Observations of two rare sandpipers in eastern Washington. Murrelet 54:21-22. Moldenhauer, R. R. and E. D. Bawdon. 1962. Mockingbird collected in Wash- ington. Murrelet 43:15. Morris, J. R., Jr. 1974, Breeding record for the Semipalmated Plover at Ocean Shores, Washington. West. Birds 5:22. National Audubon Society. 1947-1970. Audubon Field Notes. Vols. 1-24. 23 WASHINGTON CHECKLIST National Audubon Society. 1971-1975. American Birds. Vols. 25(l)-29(3). Reichard, T. A. 1974. Barred Owl sightings in Washington. West. Birds 5:138-140. Richardson, F. 1960. Breeding of the Fork-tailed Petrel off the Washington coast. Condor 62:140. Rickard, W. H. 1964. A vagrant occurrence of the Black Phoebe in southeastern Washington. Condor 66:162. Rieck, C. A. 1962. A Common Egret in western Washington. Murrelet 43:52. Sanger, G. 1965. Observations of wildlife off the coast of Washington and Ore- gon in 1963, with notes on the Laysan Albatross (Diomedea immutabilis) in this area. Murrelet 46:1-6. Sanger, G, 1970. The seasonal distribution of some seabirds off Washington and Oregon, with notes on their ecology and behavior. Condor 72:339-357. Sanger, G. 1972. Checklist of bird observations from the eastern North Pacific Ocean. Murrelet 53 : 16-21. Schultz, Z. M. 1951. A record of Larus leucopterus from Westport, Washington. Murrelet 32:44. Schultz, Z. M. 1971a. The occurrence of the Yellow-billed Loon in Washington. Murrelet 51:23. Schultz, Z. M. 1971b. Sight records of the Tufted Duck at Seattle, Washington. Murrelet 51:25. Short, L. L., Jr. 1969. Taxonomic aspects of avian hybridization. Auk 86:84-105. Stein, R. C. and M. C. Michener. 1961. Least Flycatchers in northwestern Wash- ington and central British Columbia. Condor 63:181-182. Street, P. B. 1948. The Edward Harris collection of birds. Wilson Bull. 60: 167-184. Taylor, W. P. 1923. Upland game birds in the state of Washington, with a dis- cussion of some general principles of game importation. Murrelet 4:3-15. Townsend, J. K. 1839. Narrative of a journey across the Rocky Mountains, to the Columbia River. Catalogue of birds found in the territory of Oregon. H. Perkins, Philadelphia. Van Wormer, R. L. 1973. Trumpeter Swans wintering in southwestern Washing- ton. West. Birds 4:109-110. Voous, K. H. 1973. List of recent holarctic bird species, non-passerines. Ibis 115:612-638. Wahl, T. R. 1970. A Short-tailed Albatross record for Washington State. Calif. Birds 1:113-115. Wahl, T. R. 1973. A Bar-tailed Godwit record for Washington. West. Birds 4:89-90. Wahl, T. R. 1975. The status of seabirds in Washington’s offshore zone. West. Birds 6:117-134. Wahl, T. R. and D. R. Paulson. 1971, 1972, 1973, 1974. Guide to bird finding in Washington. Whatcom Co. Mus., Bellingham, Washington. Wahl, T. R. and H. E. Wilson. 1971. Nesting record of European Skylark in Washington State. Condor 73:254. Weisbrod, A. R. and W. F. Stevens. 1974. The Skylark in Washington. Auk 91:832-835. Yaich, J. A. and E. J. Larrison. 1973. Nesting record and behavioral observations on the Gray Flycatcher in Washington. Murrelet 54:14-16. Yocum, C. F. 1949. A survey of waterfowl in eastern Washington in 1947. Murrelet 30:46-52. Yocum, C. F. 1951. Waterfowl and their food plants in Washington. Univ. Wash- ington Press, Seattle. Zimmerman, D. A. 1973. Range expansion of Anna’s Hummingbird. Am. Birds 27:827-835. 24 NOTES THE NORTHERNMOST COLONY OF HEERMANN’S GULL JOSEPH R. JEHL, JR., Natural History Museum, P. O. Box 1390, San Diego, California 92112 The major breeding grounds for Heermann’s Gulls (Larus heermanni) are is- lands in the Gulf of California, especially Isla Raza, where an estimated 80,000 pairs nest (Lindsay, Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., ser. 4, 30:309-355, 1966). On the western side of the Baja California peninsula only one colony has been reported, at Isla San Roque (27° 09' N) (Grinnell, Univ. Calif. Publ. Zool. 32:1-300, 1928). In August 1922 A. W. Anthony (Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., ser. 4, 14:277-330, 1925) visited San Roque and reported that the colony seemed to have been destroyed by fishermen. On 20 April 1927 L. M. Huey (Condor 29:205-206, 1927) noted that it had rebuilt to 3 5 pairs and laying had just begun. There are no historical data on the former size of this colony, and its current status is also unknown. In late May 1971 I discovered a second west coast colony of Heermann’s Gulls on Isla Benito del Centro, of the San Benito Islands (28° 20' N), some 150 km northwest of San Roque. The colony was approximately 3 m above sea level on a small rocky point near the middle of the island’s south shore (Figure 1). On 25 May, 25 adults (but no subadults or immatures) were present. Nine nests were crowded into a small, flat area; their contents were: c/1-2, c/2-1, c/3-2, c/4-1, c/5-3. The usual clutch in this species is two or three, and it appeared likely from the wide color variation that eggs in the larger clutches had been laid by Figure 1. The San Benito Islands colony of Heermann’s Gull, photographed on 25 May 1971. Twenty-two gulls are visible. Western Birds 7:25-26, 1976 25 NOTES Figure 2. A Heermann’s Gull clutch containing five eggs. San Benito Islands, 25 May 1971. more than one female. Competition for the seemingly limited nest sites probably accounts for the clutches of multiple authorship. On 21 June 1974 15 adults were in the colony. I found several empty scrapes but only two nests, each with a single chick, an estimated two and four days old. The age of the colony is unknown. Researchers studying California Sea Lions (Zalophus califomianus) on the San Benitos in the mid-1950's failed to report the existence of this colony, but it is easily overlooked. Because of its small size, apparent marginal reproductive success, and lack of growth (or perhaps de- cline) between 1971 and 1974, I suspect that it may have formed within the past decade. Two other species that nest primarily in the Gulf of California, Least Storm- Petrel (Halocyptena microsoma) and Craveri’s Murrelet (Endomychura craveri) also reach their northern breeding limits at the San Benitos, and they, like Heer- mann’s Gull, begin nesting a month or two later than populations at similar lati- tudes in the Gulf, only 250 km to the east (for recent data on the breeding range of E. craveri see Jehl and Bond, San Diego Soc, Nat. Hist., Trans. 18(2):9-24, 1975). This suggests that the environmental conditions required for successful breeding by these three dissimilar species are not achieved along the outer coast until late spring and early summer. The recognition of this fact may aid in de- termining exactly what those conditions might be. 26 NOTES ANCIENT MURRELET IN UTAH F. L. KNOPF, Department of Wildlife Science, Utah State University, Logan, Utah 84322 (present address: School of Biological Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74074) On 8 May 1974 I discovered a specimen of the Ancient Murrelet (Syntbliboram- pbus antiquus) on Gunnison Island in Great Salt Lake, Utah. The carcass was found on the east shore of the island, in a bare-sand area which I walked through daily. The pectoral muscles had been removed and the entire carcass was coated with salt crystals. It appeared that the bird died in the Great Salt Lake since it was found too far from the shoreline for salt spray to account for the heavy crystalline coating. The carcass was likely removed from the water and carried to the point where I discovered it by one of the more than 15,000 California Gulls (Lams calif amicus) nesting on the island. The specimen was in an area often used by loafing gulls. The carcass was identified (with the assistance of Keith L. Dixon) through comparison with a specimen in the Biology Department collection at Utah State University. This specimen is the fourth record of the Ancient Murrelet in Utah. The three previous observations recently were summarized by Behle and Perry (Utah Birds, Utah Mus. Nat. Hist., Univ. Utah, 1975). Each of those records occurred in November or December, during the autumnal migration. The present recovery represents the first Utah record during spring migration. Inland wanderings of the Ancient Murrelet have been reviewed by Munyer (Wilson Bull. 77:235-242, 1965) and Verbeek (Condor 68:510-511, 1966). Those authors attribute inland occurrences to offshore storms and poor visibility along the Pacific Coast. As they pointed out, all of the 25 inland records of Ancient Murrelets occurred between late September and late April with most occuring in March and November, during the off-shore migrations of the species. The Gunni- son Island specimen appears to be an exceptionally late spring record of this species inland, although the date of death is uncertain. The salt brine may have preserved the carcass for several weeks. The mummified specimen has been de- posited in the collection of the University of Utah, Salt Lake City. Western Birds 7:27, 1976 27 NOTES UNUSUAL BIRDS IN THE VICINITY OF PIPE SPRING, ARIZONA RICHARD A, WILT, National Park Service, Interior, South Dakota 57750 Arizona north of the Grand Canyon and west of the Kaibab Plateau has been largely neglected by ornithologists. My two-year stay (October 1972-October 1974) at Pipe Spring National Monument, Mohave County, Arizona resulted in a number of interesting observations which are presented below. Two species were recorded in Arizona for the first time. At an elevation of 1500 m, Pipe Spring is on the dividing line between the sagebrush ( Artemisia ) desert leading 50 miles south to the Grand Canyon and the pinyon (Pinus edulis) and juniper (Juniperus) covered mesas stretching northwards to central Utah. As in most desert areas temperature extremes are great. Just seven years (1967-1974) of weather records at Pipe Spring show extremes of 107° and -15 °F. Annual precipitation averages 9 inches with most occurring in July and August. In this dry area almost devoid of surface water three small oases are magnets for migrating birds. Pipe Spring National Monument has 15 acres of cottonwoods (Populus fremontii), poplars ( Populus nigra, P, alba), orchards, gardens, and pas- ture lands. It has two small ponds. Kaibab village, 3 miles north of Pipe Spring on the Kaibab Indian Reservation, has a 2-acre oasis with two small stock ponds. Moccasin village, 4 miles north of Pipe Spring, has 100 acres under cultivation with twelve homes, orchards, gardens, pastures, and cottonwoods edged by scrub oak (Quercus) covered hills and a spring. Away from the three oases, two stock watering ponds in the sagebrush desert attract birds. Riggs Pond, 7 miles east of Pipe Spring, has no surrounding vegeta- tion except sage. Two-mile Pond, 3 miles northeast of Pipe Spring, has an area of bulrushes, cattails, and willows. Both of these ponds held water through 1973 but dried up in September 1974 during a prolonged drought. They account for all the shorebird sightings and most of the waterfowl. During my two-year stay I found 195 species of birds. Six additional species were recorded by others in earlier years for a total of 201 species within a 7.5 mile radius of Pipe Spring. Unusual records included: WHITE PELICAN, Pelecanus erytkrorhynchos. One at Kaibab Pond 28 Oct. through 11 Nov. 1972. GREEN HERON, Butorides virescens. One at Pipe Spring 3 Oct. 1973. SNOWY EGRET, Egretta thula. Four sightings totaling 41 birds were made between 18 Apr. and 8 May 1974. High count was 20 on 18 Apr. Six more were seen on 21 Sep. 1974. BLACK-CROWNED NIGHT HERON, Nycticorax nycticorax. One flew over Pipe Spring at dusk 7 May 1973. LEAST BITTERN, Ixobrychus exilis. A female or subadult was found at Pipe Spring Pond 23-24 July 1973 catching small carp. It hid in willows, as no typical marsh vegetation was present. ROUGH-LEGGED HAWK, Buteo lagopus. Frequent sightings were made dur- ing the winters of 1972-73 and 1973-74. First fall sightings were on 1 Nov. in both years. BALD EAGLE, Haliaeetus leucocephalus. One immature was seen in early February 1973 at Pipe Spring. VIRGINIA RAIL, Rallus limicola. Nested in a 0.2 ha cattail marsh at Two- mile Pond and fledged two young in 1974. COMMON GALLINULE, Gallinula cbloropus. One at Two-mile Pond 8-9 June 1974. 28 Western Birds 7:28-30, 1976 NOTES SEMIPALMATED PLOVER, Cbaradrius semipalmatus. One in breeding plu- mage was seen at Two-mile Pond 17, 20 and 21 August 1974. FRANKLIN’S GULL, Lams pipixcan. An immature was seen 23 Sep. 1974 at Riggs Pond. Presumably the same bird was found automobile-killed on the road the next day 2 miles west of the pond. COMMON NIGHTHAWK, Chordeiles minor. Late dates were of two on 20 Sep. 1974 and one on 24 Sep. 1974, all at Kaibab village. STELLER’S JAY, Cyanocitta stelleri. They were common at Moccasin and Pipe Spring from at least 31 Oct 1972 through 10 Mar. 1973. This was an invasion year; none were seen the following winter. BLACK-BILLED MAGPIE, Pica pica. Two were seen at Pipe Spring 25 Oct. 1973. Although they are quite common 50 miles north in Utah at a higher ele- vation, this is the first modern record in Arizona west of the Kaibab Plateau. BLACK-CAPPED CHICKADEE, Pams atricapillus. Small groups of up to nine individuals were present at Pipe Spring and Moccasin from at least 31 Oct. 1972 through 5 Jan. 1973. Pipe Spring is the only place in Arizona where they have been reported with any regularity, having been reported there on four Christ- mas Bird Counts in ten years between 1964 and 1973. None were observed dur- ing the winter of 1973-74. BROWN THRASHER, Toxostoma rufum. One was present in my backyard at Pipe Spring daily 9-15 July 1974. CRISSAL THRASHER, Toxostoma dorsale. One was found in scrub oaks at Moccasin 24 Jan. 1973. This is the same area where one was reported by Barbara Lund on the 1966 Pipe Spring Christmas Bird Count. VARIED THRUSH, Ixoreus naevius. A male at Moccasin 29 Sep. 1974 was eating wild grapes with a flock of American Robins. SWAINSON’S THRUSH, Catbarus ustulatus. Phillips, Marshall and Monson (The Birds of Arizona, 1966) consider the Swainson’s Thrush to be rare in Arizona in the fall and limited primarily to southeastern Arizona. Therefore, a Swainson’s Thrush 26 Sep. 1974 at Pipe Spring is significant. PHAINOPEPLA, Phainopepla nitens. Nine summer sightings were made of individuals with extreme dates of 31 May (1974) and 16 Sep. (1973). All were seen at Moccasin. BLACK-AND-WHITE W’ARBLER, Mniotilta varia. The sighting of a female 24-26 Sep. 1974 at Pipe Spring is worthy of note. NORTHERN PARULA, Pamla americana. A subadult male (black and cinna- mon on breast present but indistinct) was closely studied 27 Sep. 1974 at Kaibab. BLACK-THROATED BLUE WARBLER, Dendroica caemlescens. Considered to be a casual transient in Arizona (Phillips et al. op. cit.), the Black-throated Blue Warbler was recorded three times at the same spot at Pipe Spring in the autumn of 1974. A female was seen 27-28 Sep. A male was present 28-29 Sep. and a second male was found 1 Oct. The last male was also seen by Gale Monson. It was not the same male seen earlier. CHESTNUT-SIDED WARBLER, Dendroica pensylvanica. Three sightings of immature Chestnut-sided Warblers were made in one week in the fall of 1974. One was recorded at Kaibab 27-28 Sep. A second was seen 28 Sep. at Pipe Spring. Another, probably a third individual, was seen at Pipe Spring 1 Oct. by the author and Gale Monson. NORTHERN WATERTHRUSH, Seiums noveboracensis. Single individuals were seen at both Pipe Spring and Moccasin 11-15 May 1973; singles were also seen at Pipe Spring 21 Aug. and 4-8 Sep. 1974. MOURNING WARBLER, Oporomis Philadelphia. The first Arizona record of the Mourning Warbler was established 31 May 1974 at Pipe Spring when a male was found. The specimen was salvaged and given to the University of Ari- zona (UA 12168). 29 NOTES CANADA WARBLER, Wilsonia canadensis . The first Canada Warbler record- ed in Arizona was a female found 29 Sep. 1974 at Pipe Spring. Again the speci- men was salvaged and given to the University of Arizona uxptiallyf Regular. $5 mnunlily. 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