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THE WRITINGS
THOMAS JEFFERSON
VOLUME VIII
1801-1806
OF THIS LETTER-PRESS EDITION 750 COPIES HA VE BEEN PRINTED FOR SALE
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April,
THE WRITINGS
THOMAS JEFFERSON
COLLECTED AND EDITED BY
PAUL LEICESTER FORD
VOLUME VIII
1801-1806
G. P. PUTNAM'S SUN'S ' : " '• •
NEW YORK LONDON
27 WEST TWENTY-THIRD STREET 24 BEDFORD STREET, STRAND
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CONTENTS OF VOLUME VIII.
1801.
PACK
Itinerary and Chronology, 1801-1806 . . . . xxi
/Inaugural Address, March 4th ..... I
To Charles Pinckney, March 6th .... 6
Patronage of South Carolina.
To John Dickinson, March 6th 7
Victory of Republicanism — Amelioration of mankind. *
To James Monroe, Feb. [Mar.] 7th . . . ' " . 8
Inaugural address — Federalist devices — Union of honest men.
To Horatio Gates, March 8th 1 1
Patronage — Conciliation of honest Federalists.
To Thomas M'Kean, March gth .... 12
Burr — Contest over Presidency — Virginia bristling — Com- munication of news.
To Samuel Smith, March 9th 13
Offer of Naval portfolio — Geographical situation.
To the Secretary of State, March I2th ... 14
Condolences — Cabinet arrangements — S. Smith — T. Lear — R. Morris.
To Philip Mazzei, March I7th 15
Health — Marriage of Mazzei — Plants — Financial affairs — Cabinet.
To Thomas Paine, March 1 8th 18
Opposition to war — Offer of passage in public ship — R. R. Livingston.
To M. De Rayneval, March 2Oth .... 19
Gerard's land claims — Pre-revolutionary land companies.
vi CONTENTS OF VOLUME VIII.
To Doctor Joseph Priestley, March 2ist
Value of life to public — Bigotry — Christianity — Alien law — Recent political phrenzy — Proposed convention in case of non- election of President.
To Doctor George Logan, March 2ist
Freedom of ocean — Avoidance of European affairs.
To Nathaniel Niles, March 22d
Recent political scenes — Montesquieu's error — Convention.
To William B. Giles, March 23d ....
Patronage and removals — Changed position of people — Federalist desperadoes.
To William Findley, March 24th ....
Safety of public opinion — Appointments — Removals.
To Samuel Smith, March 24th
Naval portfolio — Addresses — Appointments.
To Robert R. Livingston, March 24th
French convention — Secretary of Legation.
To Doctor Benjamin Rush, March 24th
Patronage — Adams's conduct.
To the Spanish Charge, March 26th .
Relations with Spain — Personal views — Yrujo's appointment.
To the Secretary of State, March 26th
Naval portfolio — Cabinet news.
To Mrs. Sarah Mease, March 26th ....
Appointments.
To Henry Knox, March 2/th .....
Inaugural address — Federalism — Removals — Midnight ap- pointments.— Union.
To George Jefferson, March 2/th ....
Nepotism.
To Samuel Adams, March 2gth .....
Regard for Adams — Hope of harmony — Removals.
To Elbridge Gerry, March 2gth . I .
Southern compared to Northern pulse — Union of sentiment — Removals — Clergy.
To the Postmaster-General, March 2gth
Postmasters — Removals — Midnight appointments — Good- rich's case.
CONTENTS OF VOLUME VIII. vii
To Archibald Stuart, April 8th 46
Midnight judges — Federalization of courts.
To the Postmaster-General, May 3d . . . . 47
Regeneration of Rhode Island and of New England — Federalism.
To Gouverneur Morris, May 8th .... 48
Public service of silver — Appointments — Naval portfolio.
To Theodore Foster, May Qth 50
Phrenzy of '98 — Midnight appointments.
To Nathaniel Macon, May I4th 51
Appointment — Republican reforms.
To George Clinton, May I7th ..... 52 Appointments — New York patronage.
To William Duane, May 23d ..... 54
Pennsylvania split — Public stationery — Duane's prosecution.
To James Monroe, May 26th 57
Callender — Louisiana and the Floridas.
To James Monroe, May 2Qth 58
Gosport navy-yard funds — Correspondence between general and state governments.
To James Monroe, May 29th ..... 61
Callender — Public correspondence — Louisiana and Florida — Barbary powers.
To Wilson Gary Nicholas, June nth ... 62
Barbary powers — Mediterranean trade — Missions — Removals.
To John D. Burke, June 2 1st . . . 65
Poetry — Patronage.
To the Attorney-General, July I ith .... 66
Consolidation of people — Essex junto and Federalism — Re- movals.
To Elias Shipman and Others, a Committee of the
Merchants of New Haven, July I2th ... 67
Case of Bishop and Goodrich.
To the Governor of the Mississippi Territory, July 1 3th. 71
Attitude towards Spain and Louisiana — Mississippi Territory — Clarke and Dunbar.
viii CONTENTS OF VOLUME VIII.
To the Secretary of State, July I5th .
Question and opinion as to prizes.
To Pierpont Edwards, July 2ist
Removals — Future political movements — Connecticut clergy.
To John Dickinson, July 2$d . . .•
Vaughan — Appointment of marshal — Republican division — Federalism.
To Thomas McKean, July 24th
Appointments and Removals — Reply to New Haven re- monstrance— Personal abuse — Republican discord.
To the Secretary of State, August I2th
Correspondence of Webster — Case of Bishop — Reply to Thornton.
To Pierce Butler, August 26th
Removals.
To the Attorney-General, August 26th
Answer to New Haven remonstrance — Personal abuse — Sena- torships.
To the Secretary of the Treasury, August 28th .
Appointments — John Page — Prizes.
To the United States Minister to France, August 28th.
Treaty with France — Possible French minister.
To the United States Minister to France, September 9th
Maritime law — Free goods — Blockade — Treaties with Euro- pean powers.
To the Secretary of State, September I2th
French treaty — Misuse of public funds. To the Secretary of the Treasury, September i8th .
Office seekers — Amendment of constitution — Livingston — Health — Absence from Washington.
To William Short, October 3d .
Recall — Rule of diplomatic rotation — Republican accessions — Hatred of European coalitions — Neutral rights — Missions — Livingston.
Circular to the Heads of the Departments, November 6th
Method of conducting public business.
CONTENTS OF VOLUME VIII. ix
PAGE
To James Monroe, November I4th .... 101
Whitney — Gun machine.
To Aaron Burr, November i8th . . . . 102
Appointments — Fortification of New York.
To the Governor of Virginia, November 24th . . 103
Virginia resolution concerning penal colony for negroes.
To the Secretary of the Treasury, November 28th . 106
Slave ships.
To the Reverend Isaac Story, December 5th . . 107
Transmigration — Ethics.
First Annual Message, December 8th . . . 108 To Doctor Benjamin Rush, December 2Oth . . 126
Vaccination — Opening of Congress — Health. 1802.
To the Attorney-General, January 1st . . . 129
Addresses — Church and State.
To James Cheetham, January i/th .... 129 Suppression of Wood's History of John Adams — Callender.
To Wilson Gary Nicholas, January 26th . . .130
Informal appointments.
To John Page, February 2Oth 132
Offer of office.
To the United States Minister to France, March i6th. 138
French relations.
To the Attorney-General, March 24th . . .139
Abuse and libels.
To the Secretary of the Treasury, April 1st . . 139
Report on sinking fund — Hamilton's financial plans — Simplification of public accounts.
To William Branch Giles, April 6th .... 141
Case of the Berceau.
To the United States Minister to France, April i8th. 143
Cipher — Correspondence — Louisiana and Florida — New Orleans — Certainty of ill feeling.
CONTENTS OF VOL UME VIII.
To Caesar A. Rodney, April 24th .... 147
Federalist leaders — Delaware politics.
x To Joel Barlow, May 3d 148
Congress proceedings — Political events — Future residence and work — Marshall's Washington.
To Charles Willson Peale, May 5th . . . . 151 Mammoth.
To the Governor of Virginia, June 2d . . .152 Insurgent negroes — Sierra Leone.
To Caesar A. Rodney, June I4th . . . .154
Removal of McLane. To the Secretary of the Treasury, June igth . . 157
Bank of Pennsylvania.
To Dr. Joseph Priestley, June igth . . . .158
Republicanism — Jefferson and the constitution — Invitation — Climate.
To John Langdon, June 2Qth 160
Appointments — Political changes in New England.
To the U. S. Minister to Great Britain, July I3th . 161
Unrest among slaves — Colony for insurrectionary slaves — Sierra Leone — Emancipation.
To James Monroe, July i$th 164
Callender.
To Elbridge Gerry, August 28th .... 167
Removal of brother — Patronage — Political changes.
To Gideon Granger, August 2pth . . . .170
Bishop's pamphlets — Schism in New York.
To the Secretary of the Treasury, September I3th . 171 Effect of European peace on revenues.
To the Secretary of State, September I3th . . 171 Livingston's course and Jefferson's dissatisfaction.
To the Secretary of the Treasury, October 7th . . 172
Bank of Baltimore — Danger from United States Bank.
^
To the U. S. Minister to France, October loth . . 172
Attitude towards France — Newspapers — Callender — Political changes.
CONTENTS OF VOLUME VII I. xi
PAGB
To the Secretary of the Treasury, October I3th . 174 Piers in the Delaware — Constitutional question.
To the Attorney-General, October 25th . . . 175
Sickness — Gain from elections — Slanders — Limit of official partisanship.
To Thomas Cooper, November 2gth .... 176
Alexander of Russia — France's retrogression — Republican policy.
To Dr. Joseph Priestley, November 2Qth . . .179
Alexander of Russia — Books on government — Republican policy — City of Washington.
Second Annual Message, December I5th . . . 181
To Caesar A. Rodney, December 3 1st . . . 187 Need of men of business in Congress — Message.
1803. To James Monroe, January loth .... 188
Ferment in west — Nomination of Monroe.
To Thomas Paine, January 1 3th .... 189
Alleged coolness of Jefferson — Demands on time.
To the Special Envoy to France, January I3th . . 190
Ferment over New Orleans — Louisiana and the Floridas — Desires of United States — Conveyance in public ship.
Confidential Message on Expedition to the Pacific,
January iSth 192
To the Governor of Kentucky, January i8th . . 202
Memorial of Kentucky — Right of deposit — Mission of Monroe — Resolution of House.
To P. S. Dupont De Nemours, February 1st . . 203
Friction with France — Right of deposit — Monroe's mission Importance of crisis — Dupont's good offices.
To the U. S. Minister to France, February 3d . . 209
Mission of Monroe.
To the Secretary of the Treasury, February loth . 210
Documents relating to appointments.