pi Aa Nit Aa ] hs 24 Hh oe ie a ahh HR — - o ch i i Se _ _ < oo Ni = \ Ashe jr bey Mi se ey inate — i iN wie iy ay 4 vara) il Lahey ri f yy oe ie ean - i bat a 3 ea cas oo | = - eo _ = is _ . — a cS — cee a ot - a _ - on un — = ‘ i Hebe tba “ i ih _ HN on - bai as 4 von i : a wa mah _ = ; = i i a Me iter sy - _ - ‘ a ahh - oo Ay ‘N asi nies = oe ANAL She & : - a ~ ae - . - - ee ee een | ee — et - oe Se ci — ih eo ae My _ hs i Miceteleitensth nea ctahirea sie AHI geet as Siti sioahitcase TRA — = ay —— oS — — — — S = sical in os he ae ce ae = S oS Wiviaatr os — ri iy oo a SA ih Ni — ah WANE \) Ni me si YN ae = ur a ae aN oh ee ata = : ‘ wi i ANN tate HN Gch a EEC CCR tana a Sones seu ‘ cae oe - _ oe a a oe meh i : oe Wa oS Fp iy oe Hanes i SSRN — WN meV wr Ws Vie VA i he La Whe Wie OWS : a a chy - i rac ay = i \ " ene if IA NMA st wh — i : a eae i> BA? NN mi eae, eee : a Nahe nN nt a AN oe tani ; s Ki Neth by ae oe ia . . - - " Ny an aun oe ' iti = = vi ie oS _ Rath se ae = \; — = — - Nis a ce Reh it ae i — me AS — OW We Vase be eH Wy ee aie ean — = a —— a skort . ae . _ wn Hahah i ats = Hh “i one vi ra oe . — ate Yl NN le iy ‘ a ‘iy OMAR ee eins pate’ Ns aa cy AY ca PO ili AN Pataca Wek hit sity A, — oe wan ella ai aa i ae he AN i 219 Ael a e ae SARA oh aN _ —— oan as SS om os — = 4 Th aan : — a EES i Ses — — art hai ‘i A = . ae Saunt eee oe a ni ian cia Ge ein - _ =< = oes sight NAN el ae Se Son \ ih a Ai a xt SRSA ar eRe h Anat Follow. [Written for the Farmprs’ MONTHLY. | SSR ASE TI TEE TEL OIL HARVARD UNIVERSITY. LIBRARY OF THE MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY of 4, 03 Hf BEQUEST OF WILLIAM BREWSTER $e: 26, 19.20. — ~~ =vewe prvrvasivils He was born of parents in moderate the Albion high school, he put in several years as a teacher in the country districts and it was at this time that he became in- It seems that Orleans county or portions ‘of it form one of the most interesting fields for the discovery of geological Souvenirs of the Drift period. Young Lattin was not slow in discovering this and day after day he put in all of his Spare time in the search for—specimeng, and i night after night he studied all of the < ‘The Success of Mr. Frank H. Lattin, of Albion, N. Y., Which He Achieved Right at Home. A Good Example to memory circumstances and speni the early years| of his lifein hard work. Graduating at\ terested in the study of natural history.| EY a he Sea Weed Fi 1G | pecially birds’ eggs and shells and s | home there, which, as he says with a pa _ only one in the world secure , Fapmers’ MONTHLY readers who are er gon to correspond with other coll ea 7ieBe parts of the country effec Ghanges of his duplicates for specimen from all parts of the world, until his col- special lix line. During this time he had b be-| gun collections in other lines, more branched out, in a small way, as a deal in natural history specimens. A 1 later he began the publication of a 1 | monthly for collectors called the Oolo which has now attained a circulation nearly 3,000 copies monthly, anc ig official organ of the oc oologists of this c try. A copy of one of the first issue the Oologist lies before us as we write, little eight-page monthly bound by b stitched at the back on a sewing machi: Also a copy of a recent isssue which co prises sixty-eight pages and cover, illustrated and filled with timely a by the best scientific writers in Amer Mr. Lattin now does business at Alb N. Y., but has two large wareho filled with his collections at Gaines wh he still resides. ‘He owns a handson donable degree of pride, is probably. t through single sale of birds’ eggs. Many of thusiastic chicken fanciers will here no! that there is profit in eggs oe than the ‘‘setting ° Although Mr. Lattin has been writte up times without number, the FarRME ‘time of introducing him face to face, were, to his thousands of friends have never seen him. In response t request for his picture he stated tha the projects which he has constantly x hand. : His collections include almost thing that pertains to natural scien but.of late he has devoted himaelt re | #* ‘-. a i. te. Pp ime i: ly Is’ eggs, shia —_ er. in ae ata te! supplies is world aides. : a during the summer runs branch | Stores at Chautauqua and other summer orts. Mr. Walter F. Webb 1s now as- ove avenue, Chicago, Ill. During the World’s Fair Mr. Lattin played some of his collections in the thropological building. They occu-| ~ ___ pied some 2,000 square feet of space and ; a were & constant attraction. e Mr. Lattin has lately purchased the |great Jewett collection of shells. This is the result of alife work of Col. Ezakial Jewett of California. The collection con- ‘tains 50,000 specimens of nearly 10,000 | distinct species. Col. Jewett, who died n 1877, was one of the most expert and _ Jenthusiastic conchologists in the country. _| His home was in Uiica, N. Y, but he passed three wintersin Florida engaged n collecting, and he also went to Panama _fand California for successive seasons. | During the summer seasons he was en- aged mostly in correspondence with scientists in different countries for an ex- ange of shells, and in mounting and ranging the collection at his residence. Professor Louis Agassiz considered this one of the very finest collection of shells from a scientific standpoint in the coun- try. It fills six cabinets of 225 drawers, | ‘besides several glass cases in which the Jlarger specimens are displayed. Col. Jewett bequeathed the collection to his) daughter, Mrs. Sarah Boyce, of Santa Barbara, herself an experienced collector. Col. Jewett’s daughter tells some interest- g stories about those shells. She says: While drifting about Florida one day his at suddenly touched what seemed to' a Tock but it proved to be an immense le ‘tmaveling.” This specimen SI a sever- | al hundred pounds. She mentions also iH his j joy at finding while in ‘Panama a fine |. , example of the Columbella Harps, a very rare shell. - The Jewett collection was inventoried y the late Dr. Newcombe several years go at over $12,500. There is » marvel- ous variety from the great giant clam ells weighing 500 pounds down to the Fi ny Pteropods, those rare and fragile | shells which feed on the ‘‘gulf weed’’ and |are seldom found. There are over one d varieties of the Cardium or heart collection. Every known point in the world is represented among the speci- mens, the most brilliant being found in the tropical waters. There are sixty-three varieties of the Trinton, or trumpetshells, | some of them two feet long and found only inthe Mediterranean, Indian and | South seas, Among the natives of the South sea itis used as a military horn and a most stupendous noise can be made with one of them. Mr Lattin tried an ~ experiment in this line with one of his specimens awhile ago and had the whole hamlet of Gaines in less than ten minutes in fear that Gabriel had come. Some of the most beautiful shells, both in delicacy of formation and in co’oring, were shown among the specimens of the spondylus. Mr. Lattin tells a funny story in connection with these shells. In his exhibit at the World’s Fair were many beautiful specimens, and during his ab- sence an unscientific young assistant took charge. Being asked by a visitor respect- — ing these shells, he became confused and stated that they were. of the Spondulix variety, and on the visitor expressing sur- prise at the name, he confidentially ex- plained that it was because each one cost so much, ranging in price from $5 to $10 each, Mr. Lattin and his assistants will begin the work of overhauling the Jewett col- lection at once, and making it even more complete, and he considers that there is a year’s hard work ahead. He will add ~ several large purchases of shells which he secured from the late Dz. Newcomb of | Cornell, through London auction rooms, andasmall but valnable collection of shells from Mrs. Caverno of Lockpor!i; also a collection made by a New Bedford, Mass , man. In a short time Mr. Lattin expects to be the owner of the most complete and val- uable collection of shells, from a scientific | standpoint, in the world. The Southern board of Immigration of North Carolina has made an offer to Mr. Lattin to arrange and take charge of its natural history exhibit and it is not un- likely that he may accept, though it will ‘be impossible probably for him to devote more than a portion of his time to it. This work and the reclassification of his im- mense shell collection will probably fully occupy his time for a year to come. Mr. Lattin’s daily mail runs from 50 to 150 letters and every part of the world is represented, the little hamlet in Orleans county seeming to be the central point for llectors everywhere Ry ‘ Peheter most “popularly ki nown a8 “cockle a shells, and of Unio, or fresh water clam, there are no less than 350 varieties in the leo” arriving iss almost every ple of what can be accomplished by ence and perseverance. By tend OLN Beret ee. | a iy MR. FRANK H. LATTIN. "4 b | { August, 1894. IGRARY Tue Y ounc Oonoeier —FOR THE— Heo tO WE Nh One Bilis Sat THEIR NESTS AND EGGs. VOLUME ao GAINES, N, Y.: FRANK H. LATTIN, Pusuisuer, 1884—1885. JOHN P. SMITH, JOB, RAILROAD AND BOOK PRINTER, 80 STATE ST., ROCHESTER, N. Y. LTHEVYOUNG,) OOLOGIST-. IN ae TOOL... LT: Page. Advertising—Does it pay to advertise in the Young Oologist ?......-..- 55, 83, 107, 115, 125, 151 Agassiz Association Hand-Book..-.-.....--.- 41, 163 JNINGREBSs Jonsocos Spang ogedas ad GeoE So HbaKodETsE 10g American Ornithologists’ Union.........-...---- 127 Amateur Correspondence.....-..----.--+-----+- II A\Tmatiarnre (COMlASHOSa pao ocodndac open oGocse s0ndD00 54 JNimrajagning SyeOwneSdcco neq docooccocseodadas 6 J NS6h) HEMI NCRTOING oo 55 oq0Kda50be0 Op0UnbbOES coUG0DG 6 Racimam's Mie Naconggscashoesoeenoube SoUnde 72, 83 Banlksowallows NeStin grjetele ci lee 2 «+ =\cleielalelsieiel~ «6 145 idan Onwnlscocadosbugnag connvoaosenceouT0d00GGnG 125 Best Book for Ornithologists and Oologists...... 12 ESULCLMMIM LIM Eater atcte forsale lateiar alae aleleloleletsiel= 120 Nest Egg, Wooden........-..-........... dasees 71 Nests of Many Stories................. 30; 53, 54, 107 Nesting of the Winter Wren.................... 133 Inbfedals, Tale oobep cgoccsconcadHoboa0K08 28, 69, 75, 148 Night Hawk Asleep................ gboooscsoo0s 41 N. K. System of Arrangement.................. 12 Nomenclature of N. A. Birds................... 7 WNorpanieleyeterfelsteteteteistelalerelsetaisiotsatateissie rite 21, 147, 150 Nuthatch, White-bellied................. 30, 142, 156 Old ‘‘ Put ”’ and the Bird’s Nest.............. QI, 101 @ologicaleSurprisescccielmeisleciesciecienis aeeeeeeee 87 Organize Knights of Audubon.................. 163 @Qrioley Baltimore: <<) cm.~ -msciciosececle veces I22, 155 @rioley Orchardiaesatane sans eaa ences 38, 1 THE YOUNG OOLOGIST. Page Orioles, Intelligence of.. .......2. ese ees eee 26, 155 Ornithology of the Island of Montreal.......... 27 OPA oods coasGuanssoobeoooo OnuaDooooUsuoddS 99, 154 Otsego Co., N. Y., Notes from.............-+-+.. 38 Ottawa F. N.C., Transactions of....... nogaooae 115 | OurpwBirdsanwlheir Haunts. eee cl« vee > cece « 88, 117 OwlyBarreds..-...-- + - soopoogneboabe Condes pa000 924 Owl MMEStincowIN Stee ei cleeicicwiese es sie ele sisicic cial ccisislei 75 | Owl, Barn, in Southern California............ 125, 147 | Owls Calitornia, Mottled... oe oeie «cin cieis © ele «i= 23 | Owl Greate OL ed cies - 30 Bluebird, White Eggs................. 105, 141 BIER Ay eniertetslaiestialvaetem seein cites ee 29 1S UU ENe Cosa ep OCGG BONA Ma ana an 43 Butcherbirdereyaccjnceiseiasevelssee atic ss 30, 141 Buzzardsteburkeyectiasers cece ee eecee . « 153 Gabinetsamenc san ceie vciresicns o+eee43, 104 Cat-bird..... dosooadodasasbcoodac.cpEAseoue| 04) Page. (Canranyeawilldecremivciicesleteeeiiiiecce 58, 86, 153 CShewinksnesaicsvecrete cerataneveciieeiacnicces 105 ChimneygS weepic-\s sais iorere nto sieeive eile eles 29 (Caminnay Qweiesoosdondoososseco doce conde 29 Chip piesacriepacrreisrec cates cera ee 59 (Glass oossoaacdos aadedosascudsadbonos 85 Climbingelronszeeiiscileciseereseeeeeeee ae 153 Glippings trader semientlsusrsietc tara sereedae 153 Contributors asset csee eee Cee ee ere 43 Coot wAmericanyh-ce sien eee ene 86 Gowesti Rey sca arciesinccemencentcciecion 141, 153 Cow birds snaetemateys cieseite tone 42, 58, 85, 104 Cow bird yBronzedeescaerneeeeccer nce eee 43 Cowbird WD warkenereesce rence 42 (CHEM Sascocosoobocouesouoadovonsausoncane. 86 Crane Blues uciain tae penne payin 86 CxO Wrrsieyerseciisessettajoiete Clete sie Teese oe EE 9, 105 Crow ehisht scares saree ea eae ees 87 (Gils OTS BHASCoRNUEE HO ean horde adebec aos 58 Cuckoonyellow=billedeeseeee eee eee 85 WattanB la nlles ete siactayearctavatersy cites stae tay eae 104 WDealersnsaecierecteyeter siecle hens eee « 85 Doves Carolinas eee eee eae eee ere 116 Woven Grown dressers ere ee een Dover Mournin eateries --30, 59, 116 Dovewburtlessmrrraccetaeeee eerie 30. 116 Bra, Weilélsooo6, asad coogcanscocanoacubte 29 Epp roman! Ovanvereseericierc ee ecce eel 5S Hees wiblow Markedsnnctrsseceeeiseeeee 30 Bg asiont Cards eee celeriac eee ees 30 HgecwhakingstromiyNest-eeneresciseeieee 30 IB, (Ho) Gaby (Caller ca agodco dass cdeooac 42 izes) Mor Weep sirnisetecerictereenieese ayaa 43 Eggs, Variation.in Color........... Bee see 104 layer, MWS (Gain IDWS s Soa canooecosonence 116 JE) WI DIAKO) JalOYD) So coagodeaansocossocdnobesoc 43 Haphoniasensicer ce ec cae ee 29 Mintcht Grasseicnieisccice woes 86 Minch Houserctyviss eae ne ee eee 141 inehs Crimson) Elouses-ene eee ee eee enn 141 BirichesPurplesc sissies cats eeiaerre bese 105 Mire b wid sss secs ntact ve nn ne ee eR Ue 104 Bins tot lassl pps! ieycay./teYeias sree erecta 30 Flicker, Yellow-shafted......... 29, 30, 116, 141 ilycatcherBlue-prayaeeeeeeeeeeeee te 105 Flycatcher, Great-crested.............. 59, 85 Flycatcher, Yellow-bellied................ 87 Flycatcher, Western Yellow-bellied........ 87 GONE Goldei secre eyatrale Nl terces eee eds 105 Gallinnlewhloridaseeee ee eee eee eee 59 Gnat-catcher, Blue-gray.................. 42 Goldfinch, American........... 58, 86, 141, 153 Goldfinch} Wawrence’s-..5..)..4. 4.2 eeeee 86 Grakle. Boat-tailed................. 30, 85, 86 GraklewBronzedecella-tei eee eee 9, 30 GrakleyPurplessasasscectericeeaie 9, 29, 30, 104 (Grdsbeak MB Tiel is ee nal ant ue ee 85 Grosbeakw Cardinalsa serene ae 58, 104 Grosbeak, Rose-bre sted.................. 30 GrousewRuiteda-iascee eee eee 29 Guillemot’ Begs sto. (cyecel ae 104 Gull iGalitornian wees eee eee 116 THE YOUNG OOLOGISi. Page Gull, Herring............------+---+--++- 116 Gull, Western........--- gudsocongsc nooa0e 116 Hang-bird.........5 .20eeeeeese eee ecenee 59 igiemehedosaan shodosoadoronoangs 9, 30, 105, 153 Hawk, Chicken.........-----++0+2-seeee: 29 Hawk, Cooper’s......----++++++: 29,105, 153 Hawk, Hen........+-.----2+e+e---ereeeee 30 | Hawk, Marsh.....----+++eseesesereeeee 86, 105 Hawk, Red-shouldered..........-.-..+0+- 380 Hawk, Red-tailed.......-..--.--.---+---- 105 Heron Eggs.....2c2+esecer eevee een eeoree 153 Heron, Green......+-+2+---ereeeeereereces 85 Heron, Great Blue.......-...--.....-2- 59. 86 Heron, Night..........------------------ 104 Haeh= holder) peer erences ere eater 30 Te ees Rea Tem ee oe 116, 141 dentiiicatlonse etree eee Ee Eer errr 29, 42 | Indigo Bunting.........--.-----++--+-s-- 104 Ingersoll’s Birds’ Nesting....-......------ 9 linsectsw ViantontsenetetsGraeerrr eter 153 Jiackdaweeeesre retiree ety 85 Jay, Blue........-----2-----0-2-- see 29, 104 Jordan’s Manual.......-....------------- 153 Lotaayils ssocoossosooonsscnesos9os0e2002¢ 29 Keng bird) Custardatr eee Eta eee ere 141 Kite ySwallow=tatledisatcel-teiyl- lie i 30 iLawdle, SINOKSsoansaossososasscgso0essesgs04 86 | Tettuce=bird eet EE ee eeeer eee EEC Ee eCere 85 Magpie, Black-billed...................-- 86 Magpie, Yellow-billed.............-.-.-.. 86 | larder IBS .05 004g noosa q0don0ssa00s0R08 42 Mardin, IPmanessoconocanssosaccdoocose 29, 153 Miartin® Sandsemeerwestaciieiricn cp ricceriniit 105 Mitidiven wre oy ieee con eset nic oie mioree wroaees 86 Mudhen, Salt-water...2. 0. saec-cee cso == 86 Mudhen, White-billied ................... 86 iINestingabesins wereerereeeceeccereeece 86 Nests. (Price (Ofte cesiesmuees oesleslesticcies sar 141 Nishtvbaw loner peeemcrccecteer reer 43, Nomenclature of N. A. Birds............. 30 OldiGuriosity;Shop-eeee eee eee eee ee eee 116 Oriolessscewee teenies SOTO es OARS 59 Orioles, Baltimore............... 29, 42,58, 86 Oxioless Orchardsarelseeeeee eee eee 58, 86 Ostrich®: 4 Beene aa oae een ee sees 30 (Oh) Eee NAME EE hoe RETR Mactan Ba ea 86, 105 Owls miltittleiScreech=-eeeeee eee eee cere 104 Paroqueteiseesee eee heen eee eee 29 IPATCTIG Sew etelaeroeenie eine e eee reer 29 PetrelLeach'ss-i.-sneigeeecere eae ee 116 PEW EO rie aitiniaielslcieicisiele aisle eae CEE 29 Pheasants. secieie ee ose ee Ce Cee 29 Phoebe-bird'scissih eee earn 29, 151 IBigeon. jbassencerssi Pea eee Eee Eee 29 lato Wise oodoaocsosaqobnoagaudsssoune 29 NOS SasenocacaBta dane sata ecooooondeas 105 Plover Piping) heeee cece eee ee eee eDS Potatoe=Dird ocisee eee eee EOE Te 86 IP TLEESSataios alain alei siaitictsis Cre SOS ee EET 105 (OLE) KABA OOHOS ABA RABGO AOS bd bos cboboaee 104 OXNEAS sSogdunanduasGquasadse beso buiodAaaBe 104 Page val aro linalstetmtettiels--)-tisise eee necicets 43 Maile ot rorctastatete terete teteiete «ate oslo sleleine lettre tate 86 Rail eS orabyeree semintseitere\-\i oielnelsle cies eects 43 Raini Crowes > seircis's.©sisie's holes ae. sein eee 85 RedbirdSummenrsi cs.) c= > -\- «= © + cies 58, 87, 107 RO DIT estate oterarstatcveyaz0inievoes minis avetelt alese eis eee 29 opine Goldenwaccte ter erirrier erence 29 Robin sGrounden tea ee nea eee 105 Samuel’s Birds of N. E..... Pasdnoseedsas: 9 Sandpiper, Spotted......... 30, 42, 105,116, 141 Sapsuckers Injuring Trees................ 104 Scientifically. Mo'@ollects.-. ------s-s-e- ee 153 Setlofi Beosimmmaciacciccccestee seers 85 Set) Marks. metsceiciconciiesiccitesecicererinet 86 Skrike, White-rumped........... 29, 30, 42, 141 Shitepoketpcce. cece te acecincereacemeee 8 Snakes nh ok ot ecins eee ae eee ee er 104 Snipes cieac cisco ee eee eee 9, 29 Snipe.Common--e eee ree eeee eee ee nee 42 Smipes ack te ararete tecelerote ole cei tie ee eee 105 Snipe, dieetering. y+ 4-bee sess cee eee 30 Suipes Walsonts sellers eraser eee 105 Snowbird-eblack. ee eeere ee erreeeeeeeee 141 Snowbirds ichiganee ree -e-ee eee eeneeee 141 Sparowa Chippingecer reese eee eee 29,59, 85 Sparrows bine lishine sea-ice 42, 58 Spasrow. shields mince iek eee eee 85 Sparrows scarletse- n-ne eee ere renee 87 Sparrows SWallpee crn t eeeeeeaee 58 Standard Work... 25sec eee cone eer eee eee 153 Stone (Chatee 0 soe ween ee eee eee 29 SwallowspBani cere eten eect 29, 58, 105 Swallow, Barn....... Sa Ree ects. lel a eet 59 Swallows) Bridger. mar an-celieliee eee 29 Swallow,i@himneye-e sen eee eee eee Eeee 29 SwallowaiC litte seen eee eee 9,21, 59 Swallow, Bavel os 2a.7\-cnesisecueeeene eee 9 Swallow, White-bellied... ................ 104 Manager: Scarlet ..:-11-1--e-ie cee eee 104 G@axidermys Mantonts: ercere eee eee eres 29 Meéter Snipe adieeseo-saek ce eRe eee eer ee 116 Téeter-tatlih. Zoe Mass telecine veces 116 iRermaCommon see eee tee eee es 153 Terni Wilson's seione ce ieceiaeeisn enn oneeor 153 Phistlesbird ene cecer cence ence eee are 58, 86 Mhrasher Browneese eas eee eee ee 42 ‘hhriish: (Brownestsn ics cece ieee eee 42, 59 DhrushsOlive-backed@ms- rise eee eee 59 ADDS sogccedsondaag Sadasosdo004 42, 116, 141 dhitmouses Crested-m---4--e eee ee eee 105 MMtmousesmuusted cscs sie see eee 105 Wilke) IRGGLE Gla soogoanbboncosoacsoooc sen 30 Vireo, Yellow-throated...............-.--- 141 Ween Welirosnanonagbocacoonooscoonede 116 Warbler, Blue Yellow-backed............. 153 Warbler, Golden......... BON Sen 58 AWiarbler. Summersceseee eee eco een 58 Warbler Velloweren an eeeeeEe Ger esret 58, 141 Wrax=wing.| Cedane: ‘‘Tad, if I were to see a duck on the wing and were to shoot it, would you lick me?” “Oh, no, my son, it would show that you were a good marksman and I would be proud of you.” ‘Well, then, dad, I pep- pered our old Muscovy duck as he was flyin’ over the fence to-day, aud it would have done your heart good to see him drop.” et Ee “‘You see, grandpa, we perforate an ap- erture in the apex, a corresponding aperture in the base, and by applying the egg to the lips and forcibly exhaling the breath, the egg is entirely discharged of its contents.”— “‘Bless my soul,” cried the old gent, *‘ what improvements they do make. Now in my young days we just made a hole in both ends and blowed.” 2 - _—— iS" Now is the time to send in your sub- scriptions for Tae Youna Oonocist. 10 THE YOUNG OOLOGIST. Notes from Durand, Wis. I found the first bird’s nest of the season last January. It was an (old. —Ep.) Indigo Bunting’s, and con- tained one egg, which the Blue Jays had doubtless overlooked. Two Bald Eagles have been found dead here this spring, supposed to have been killed by poison which had been placed upon a dead horse. Waxwings have been quite plenti- ful this winter. They live on the crab-apples left on the trees. The only birds that have returned from the South, as yet, (March 19,) are Crows and Hawks. B.S. B. —_——=8- <8 A Genuine Curiosity. We take the following item from a letter written us by Wes Hocking, of Dodgeville, Wis.: “‘T received a few days since from a friend, who resides in Ellendale, Dakota, a spinal joint of a buffalo, which he picked up on the prairies, containing a steel point of an Indian arrow, Which is about five inches long and half an inch in width at the base, tapering to a sharp point. The point of the arrow struck the bone immediately above the spinal column at the base of the vertical process, penetrating through the process about one-half inch, where it now remains firmly imbedded, having slightly checked the bone at the intersection of the process with the vertebra. J prize it very highly.” tt Ground Dove. (CHAMPELIA PASSHRINA.) This bird is very common with us in this locality during the entire year. Ihave often shot them dur- ing the coidest winters. They com- mence to build their nests about the last of April. I have found nests with eggs as early as May 5th. I[ have been collecting eggs about fif- teen years, and during that time I have never found a nest of this bird on the ground. The nest is a very simple structure, generally consist- ing of a few twigs and pine straws, and is usually placed at from two to four feet from the ground, and have known them, in one instance, to build as high as eight feet on the branch of a tree. This nest con- tained two eggs, slightly incubated. About three weeks afterwards, I was collecting in the same place, and chancing to look in the old nest, found two fresh eggs. Whether the eges belonged to the same pair of birds or not [am unable to say. I am certain that they raise two, if not three broods during the season, for a friend of mine found a nest as late as Aug. 81st, which contained one fresh egg. I think this is the latest on record. The Ground Dove lays two white eggs which vary in size. ToD PERRY Savannah, Ga., April, 1884. ~ & oo __ A Doubtful Specimen. Normat, Il., March 22, 1884. Mr. F. 0. L.: DEAR Sir: Enclosed find *‘Sea Gopher’’ just as received. Is that what you call a‘-Sea Gopher?” If not, please send me one, if so, Iam disappointed. Yours, &c., H. Z. W. The specimen friend W. enclosed very much re- sembled a mess of cracker crumbs. Of course we sent him another ‘‘ Gopher.’ Between March 15th and 20th we ran out of packing boxes, and as we were receiving from twenty-five to thirty- five orders per day, we did not dare to let them accumnlate on our hands unfilled, so packed ia almost anything we could find. In two or three orders, at least, the specimens were broken, and these orders were gladly refilled, as we believe the breakage to be due to our negligence. In the fu- ture we shall exercise the greatest care in pack- ing, aud shall use nothing but strong, well-made boxes (most of which are made expressly for our use). When specimens are broken in transit throngh neglect or carelessness in packing, either gf ourself or assistants, we will re-fill such orders: gratis, providing the damaged specimens are re- turned to us within three days after they have been receiyed by the parties ordering, “98 <—e——___- Contributor: Your poem on ‘‘ Easter” is. a little too late in the season for us. Send it to the Old Curiosity Shop. They are pay-. ing big prices for poems like yours. THE YOUNG OOLOGIST. 11 Correspondence. From ©. W. S., Boston, Mass.—In look- ing over your circular I saw an advertise- ment of a Monthly which you proposed to issue. Is this to be exclusively confined to oology? Ithink that if you can publish a Monthly Magazine at the price designated in your circular, you ought to get subscri. bers enough. Are you going to accept arti- cles written by amateurs, concerning collect- ing, eggs, nests, etc.? Please let me know further particulars concerning this Monthly. ' Certainly, we are publishing this Monthly for the benefit of amateurs and young col- lectors, and we want, and shall expect them to tell us all about their collecting trips, ete. If they do not, we shall be greatly disap- pointed, and are afraid our Monthly will be adry affair. Let every collector send in some item of interest, and we can assure you that our Monthly will be a success.—[ Ep. BIRD-LIME. C. J., Utica, N. Y., writes: ‘‘ Will you, in the first issue of the Monthly, be so kind as to give a recipe for making bird-lime for catching birds?” As we have never had any experience in the use or manufacture of bird-lime, we take he following from Kingsley’s Naturalists’ Assistant: ‘‘Take linseed oil and heat it over a slow fire (carefully watching it to see that it does not burn), until it is very thick; then pour it into cold water. If it should prove ‘too thick, the addition of a little pine tar will readily thin it for use. The bird-lime should be smeared on the branches of trees, ete., where birds most do congregate, and by adhering to their feet, it holds them fast, and renders them an easy prey to the col- lector.” Should any of our friends attempt the manufacture of bird-lime, we would advise them not to make it in a building as it is quite inflamable. A RARE SET OF BUZZARD EGGS. J. B. B., Wytheville, Va., writes us as fol- lows: ‘‘I enclose a piece clipped from an old paper. Please inform me what kind of Buzzard the one spoken of is.” RemMarcs.— Well, friend B., we must can- didly acknowledge that we have never seen. or heard of eggs in the Buzzard line that will answer the description given. We pub- lish the clipping below for the benefit of the ‘‘Doctors,” trusting they will give us some light on the subject: A Curtosrry.—Our veteran Surveyor and mountain climber, A. M. Lusk, whilst run- ning the lines of Vesuvius property, found a pair of Buzzard eggs under a shelving rock on the top of the Blue Ridge. It is very seldom that these eggs are found, and in the whole ramblings of Mr. Lusk he has neyer before seen one nor has he ever met a man who had seen them. They are of indigo blue in color, with pink spots on them about as large asa three cent piece. In size the eggs are about a medium between a turkey ege and that of a goose.—Lexington Gazette. YELLOW-HEADED BLACKBIRD ; DWARF COWBIRD. I think your idea of a Magazine for the interchange of experience and queries a fine one. I hope some one will tell all they know about the Yellow-headed Blackbird in an early number. The Dwarf Cowbird is very common here. I have seen twenty-five in a single flock. You may hear from me again. Hoping your venture will meet with the success it deserves, I remain, etc., N. A. S., York, Nebraska. Will some of our Western friends tell us about the Yellow-headed Blackbird? This bird is very common in some parts of the West, and we shall expect an interesting article at an early date from some Western collector. We trust that friend §. will not forget to send us the notes. Nebraska items on birds, etc. will be of interest to all. = 2 ee —____ Eggs of the Virginia, Sora and Clapper Rail. One of our correspondents wants us to give a description of the eggs of the Virgin- ia Rail, and to state wherein they differ from. those of other Rails. We take the following, by Snowdon Howland, of Newport, R. L., from the Ornithologist and Oologist: ‘“Clapper Rails average from 1.82x1.25 to 1.63x1.14; Virginia Rails, from 1.30x.96 to 1.23x.90; Sora Rails, 1.35x1 to 1.15x.85, ac- cording to Samuels. From my own expe- rience, the Virginia Rails are always larger than Sora, lighter in color and with fewer at THE YOUNG OOLOGIST. and smaller markings. Clapper Rails are ovoidal in shape, tapering slightly towards smaller end, but not sharply pointed, ground color, a dirty cream or drab with a few spots of reddish brown mingled with purple shell marks mostly on and about the larger end. ‘Virginia and Sora Rails are similar in shape to the above but much smaller in size, the Virginia having a light cream ground with none of the oliva ceous tint so common in the Sora. The markings of the former are small, of a reddish brown, with purple shell spots scattered over the surface, but more numerous near the larger end. The Sora is darker in color and with the olive tint before mentioned, though I haye specimens which are a dark, rich cream, without any olive. The spots are of two shades of brown, one overlaying the other and with the same pur- ple spots or blotches. None of the Rails, to my knowledge, are ever so thickly spotted as to have the ground color concealed.” a ‘*N. K.”? System of Arrangement. A naturalist, traveling in the interior of Pennsylvania, stopped at a very neat, clean tavern, and was agreeably surprised to find the chimney-pieces, cupboards, etc., crowd- ed with specimens of minerals and fossils, each of them bearing a label with N. K. on it. Puzzled by these letters, he sought for information of a smart-looking woman, who was the landlady. She informed him that her nephew, who was gone to Kentucky, was the owner of these specimens, and that he had pasted some long names upon them, he had learnt from the doctors in Philadelphia; but they were so hard to pronounce when her neighbors asked her questions’ about them, that she had taken them off, and put N. K. upon every one of them. The natu- ralist assenting to all this, asked her the meaning of N. K. ‘‘So you don’t know what the meaning of N. K. is?” said she. ‘Upon my word, I have not the least idea,” he replied. ‘‘ Well,” said she, ‘‘I thought the Philadelphians knowed everything ; how- eyer, if you don’t know I'll tell you. N. K. means ‘Nayterul Kurossitys.’” —_——_—_—_ <> -—_ &S" Subscribe for Taz Youne Ooxoarsr. The Best Book for Ornitholo- gists and Oologists. During the past few weeks we have re- ceived dozens of inquiries as to whidh is the best book of reference on ornithology pub- lished. In reply we would say that Coues’ Key to N. A. Birds isthe standard, and should be in the library of every person in- terested in ornithology or oology in America. Samuels’ Birds of New England is another good work, but is limited, in its description, to N. E. Birds (which includes most of the species east of the Mississippi). Hither Coues’ or Samuels’ works can be obtained at any book store, or of any dealer in naturalists’ supplies. more complete description before purchas- ing so expensive a book, we copy the pros- pectus of Coues’, which we have just re- ceived from the publishers: Ky to NortH AMERICAN Brrps; contain- ing a concise account of every species of liy. ing and fossil bird at present known on the continent north of the boundary line be- tween Mexico and the United States, includ- ing Greenland. Second edition, revised to date, and entirely rewritten: with which are incorporated General Ornithology, an out- line of the structure and classification of birds; and Field Ornithology, a manual of collecting, preparing, and preserving birds. By Extiorr Couns, M. A., M. D., Px. D., Member of the National Academy of Sci- ences, etc., etc. Profusely illustrated. The original edition of this standard text- book of Ornithology being entirely out of print, and still very much in demand, the publishers have spared neither pains nor ex- pense in the preparation of ‘‘ The New Key,” in which the whole subject is carefully brought down to date. Coues’ ‘‘Key” is too well known as a leading and authoritative treatise to require remark, having for twelve years held its place as the standard work of reference for professional ornithologists as well as for stu- dents and amateurs. The publishers, how- ever, beg to call attention to the special fea- tures of the Second Edition now offered. The work has been entirely recast in con- formity with the unexampled progress of the science during the last decade—an advance largely stimulated and fostered by the work itself; the same author’s ‘‘ Field Ornitholo- gy,” ‘‘Birds of the Northwest,” and ‘‘ Birds of the Colorado Valley,” the ‘‘ Bulletin of the Nuttall Ornithological Club,” the “‘History of North American Birds,” by Baird, Brewer and Ridgeway, and many As most of our readers wish a: THE YOUNG OOLOGIST. 13 other important publications, haying ap- peared in the interval between the first and second editions of the ‘‘ Key.” The amount of matter has been nearly quadrupled; the number of illustrations, many of them engraved expressly for this edition, has been more than doubled. The old ‘*‘Key” contained 361 pages and 238 cuts; the new ‘‘Key” contains 900 pages and 562 cuts, with a colored frontispiece. By the use of a smaller type and closer page, this great Increase in the text and illustra- tions has been secured without materially increasing the bulk or the cost of the volume. Part I of the ‘‘ Key” consists of Coues’ “Wield Ornithology,” originally published ‘in 1874, and now for the first time incorpo- rated with the ‘‘Key.” This treatise takes the student and amateur directly into the field, and teaches him to become an expert collector and skillful taxidermist. It shows him how to be a field naturalist in the best sense of the word—how to study birds in their haunts, and how to collect and preserve them, with their nests and eggs. Part II, an elaboration of the introductory matter of the old ‘‘Key,” is in itself a full treatise on the external and internal struc- ture of birds, the classification and nomen- elature, etc., teaching the technicalities of the Science of Ornithology. Part III, occupying the body of the work, is a systematic synopsis of the birds of North America, giving concise but ample descrip- tions of some 900 species and 350 genera, with the characters of the families and or- ders to which they belong; with convenient analyses of the species under their respective genera, of the genera under their respective families, etc., the technical descriptions of the species, usually including brief but tell- ing notices of their habits, haunts, migra- tions, song, nests, eggs, etc., together with a full statement of geographical distribution in each case. The spirit and design of the old *‘ Key” are thus kept fully in view; it being the peculiar province of this work to enable anyone who masters the rudiments of the science to name and classify specimens. Part IV, corresponding to the appendix of the old ‘‘ Key, ” is a synopsis of the Fossil Birds of North America. The ‘‘ Key” is profusely illustrated with wood-cuts in the text, of an average excel- lence far beyond those of the former edition. The work is fully indexed with several thou- ‘sand entries. An historical preface sketches the progress of North American Ornithology for more than two centuries. The whole forming the latest and most exhaustive American Ornithology. Indispensable to every sportsman, amateur, and working Ors nithologist. The whole work is complete in one stout but portable volume. ~ Royal Octavo Vellum Cloth, net, $10.00: “Library Sheep, cores Lalas 10) + Mor. Extra, ‘‘ 13.50 oT < ___—_ Exchanges and Wants. 66 ce Brief special announcements, ‘‘ Wants,’” ‘*Hixchanges,” etc., inserted in this depart- ment for 15 cents per 25 words. Notices of over 25 words charged at the rate of one- half cent per word. No notice inserted for less than 15 cents. Terms, cash with the order. R. R. Gay, 10 Franklin Park, Rochester, N. Y., wants U. S. and foreign coins, in large or small quantities. Rare coins espe- cially desired. Will give cash or good ex- change. Write first. x A. L. Stevens, Box 342, Claremont, N. H., wishes to exchange birds’ eggs with South- ern and Western collectors. Please write. Frank H. Tori, Game) Orleans Co., N. Y¥., wants the following eggs—all must be first-class: No’s 2, 41, 60, 93, 99, 128, 135, 139, 152, 157, 168, 170a, 237, 257, 271, 278, 300, 315, 320, 326, 357, 361, 402, 420, 430, 431, 459, 471, 480, 491, 494, 495, 498). 516, 557, 572 and 688. Will give in ex- change any of the following at even rates: No’s 7, 11, 13, 67, 181, 260, 465, 480b, 493, 580, 643, 763, 236, 267, 390, 463, 464, and any of the rare Central American eggs. ' Write first. > ae As our circulation is very large, we cannot insert exchanges free. In order to have collectors find the value of our exchange and want column, we will insert one notice of 25 words, one time, for 10 cents. This offer holds good only until May 20, 1884. BOK SALES A Fine Cocoa-Wood Flute, Almost unused, key of D, six-keyed, trimmed with German silver, and is well lined. Itis a first-class instrument in every respect. Address E. E. SANFORD, Gaines, Orleans Co., N. Y- THE YOUNG OOLOGIST. “ABAD NAD) $40 CASH! Sane AND saapes $'°79.15 Worth of valuable presents given to the one hundred persons who send the greatest number of sub- seribers for THE YounG Oo.oaist before AUGUST 10,1884 We have offered every subscri- ber a valuable premium, and to every person who will work for us we have offered BIG PAY, viz: 15cts. CASH, or 20cts. worth of specimens for each and every subscriber which he may obtain. At this pay, if you obtain only ten sub- scribers per day you will receive $1.50 cash, or $2.00 worth of speci- _ mens for your work. Now, as an additional stimulus to induce all to send us as many subscribers as possible, we offer 100 prizes to be given to one hundred persons who will send us the great- est number of subscribers from this date to Aug. 10, 1884. To the person who will send us the largest list of subscribers to Tur Younc Ootoeist, we will give a cash prize of $25.00. To the one sending the second - largest list, specimens worth $20, The third largest list, specimens worth $15. The fourth largest list, cash $10. The fifth largest list, specimens worth $8. Sixth largest list, $5. Seventh largest list, Samuel’s Birds of New England. Eighth largest list, Internation- al Stamp Album; $2. Ninth largest list, International Stamp Album; $1.50. Tenth largest. list, Ingersoll’s Birds’ Nesting; $1.25. To the persons sending us the ten next largest lists, we will give each a copy of Manton’s Taxider- my; $0. For the ten next largest lists, a copy of Ridgeway’s Nomenclature; $3.00. For the ten next largest lists, each a fine, showy Spider Shell from China; $4. For the 20 next largest lists, each an 8in. Nickel Blowpipe; $7. For the 20 next largest lists, each 100 data blanks; $5. For the 20 next largest lists, each a fine Egg Drill; $2.40. Total premiums offered, $119.15. Commence Work at Once Address all communications to THE YOUNG OOLOGIST, Gaines, Orleans Co., N. Y. pes-If you have any doubt, either of our ability or intention to fulfill all of our offers, we refer you to R. Andrews, Postmaster, Gaines, N. Y. Us Oe nore Gs THE YOUNG OOLOGIST. 15 HAND-BOOK QF THE AGASSIZ ASSOULATION, [SECOND EDITION.] This is the only book that contains full instructions in every de- partment of Natural History. It has directions for collecting and pre- serving Flowers, Ferns, Seaweed, and Woods; for the capture and mounting of Moths, Butterflies, Beetles, and other insects; for the shooting, skinning and stuffing of Birds; for the collection and mount. ing of Minerals; for building a Cabinet; for organizing a Society with rules of Parliamentary Law; directions for conducting exchanges, and preparing packages for the mail. It contains a Classified List of the most reliable dealers in all sorts of Naturalists’ supplies. It gives a Classified List of the best Books, Magazines and Papers in each de- partment. It gives a full history of the A. A., and directions for be- coming a member, or forming a local branch of that large Organiza- tion, that now numbers over 7,000. It has the addresses of the Secre- taries of all the Chapters of the A. A. It is fully and Handsomely Mlustrated, is Bound in Cloth and Gold, And is sold for the Very Low Price of Fifty Cents. (Postage, 4cts. extra). All orders must be addressed to HARLAN H. BALLARD. Principal of Lenox Academy, Lenox, Mass. {Stamps will be received, but not Postal Notes.) Please mention that you saw this advertisement in THE Youne Ootogist. A. L. STEVENS, T. H. SPAULDING, CARD and JOB PRINTER, ALBION, N. Y., DEALER IN P. 0. Box 424, CLAREMONT, N, H., BIRDS? EGGS, SUPPLIES, Wishes to inform the readers ef The Y oung Oolo- INSTRUMENTS, 0. First-Class Printing .4sceumers OUR SPECIALTY Hor COLLECTORS» TSN SUCH AS CATALOGUES, PRICE LISTS, EXCHANGE LISTS, NOTE HEADS, ' ENVELOPES, LABELS, CARDS, &c., AT LOW RATES. Send for Price List of Fine Vis- iting Cards. Mention this paper. LOW Prices and Good Work. We do all kinds of Job Printing in the latest and best styles, at bottom prices. Data Blanks, Naturalists’ Labels, Cards, Note Heads, Envelopes, Tags, Price Lists, cte. printed to order with neatness aad dispatch. Send us copy o1 write us what you want, and get our prices before giving orders elsewhere. We will save you money, Address, A. M. EDDY, West Kendall, N, Y. 16 THE YOUNG OOLOGIST. LARGE SIZE PENCIL AND POCKET STAMP. This Stamp is fitted with a Tube the same as the small size Pencil Stamp, or with a Folding Handle, as shown in illustration which is exact size of the Stamp. The will take dies the size of specimens shown below, and are the most perfect and convenient Pocket Stamp made. Price either with Tube or Folding Handle, including vial of ink, with one line die, $1.00; two lines, $1.25; three lines, $1.50; four lines $1.75; three lines or less, in bor- der, $1.75. With Fac-simile of signature, $3.50. fee ag: PAYMENT. T WILTONBRIMLEL 40, Cpe THE PROPERTY OF Hunt & Ketchum, Attorneys, 6 Pemberton Sq., BOSTON, _from OLniGe On Mehndi. FIRE AND LIFE INS. AGENT, No. 4, OPERA HOUSE BLOCK, _SPRINGF TELD, - MASS. eS J CONOLLY & ae JOB PRINTERS AND MANUFACTURERS OF Banking & Commercial Self-Inking & Dating RUbDer stamps, Pocket and Pencil Stamps, Printing Wheels, Metal-Bodied Changeable Type, Stencils, Steel Stamps, Boys’ Printing Presses, Long and: \ "4.3 Short Metal Type, Agents’ Novelties, &e., also Wood Engraving and Electrotyping. Agents Make $5.00 per Day Seling Our Goods ‘CIRCULARS FREE! New 144 page Catalogue mailed on receipt — of Fifteen Cents in Postage Stamps. 62 EAST MAIN STREET, Cor. South St. Paul, ROCHESTER, N. Y. (= Please state where you saw this Advertisement. SATURDAY CHRONICLE Power Press Print, Albion, N. Yan es ANE J.C. RANSEHOUSEN, Agent. ol IF UNCLAIMED 5 DAYS RETURN TO smith, Northam & Robinson, } HARTFORD, - - CONN. SAD AN WANA NAN WN BN NAN VIN a I IN GIN NIN GAN AN TIN NN EAN TAN NAA AN AN ONIN IN IE NN ANI a @) Vol. 1. No. 2. GAINES, N. Y., JUNE, 1884. § PustisHeD Monruty, ( 50c. PER YEaR. ADVERTISEMENTS. In answering advertisements, mention THE YOuNG OOLOGIST. 1884 — SPRING. 1884. Some New Cards and Novelties. THE BELLS. These are as four pretty Cards as I ever sent out for the money, 5c. ‘The sale of these cards is already immense. CARD No. 63. Four large handsome cards. They will cost you but 6c for the four. You will pay 5c. each tor the same card at the book-stores. + CARD No: 71: If you order No. 63, don’t fail to order these four handsome cards, same price as the others, 6c for the set. CARD No. 100. Don’t tail to send for this new set of Cards, if you never buy another card. Only 5 cents. NEW FRENCH CARDS. I have 8 or 10 new designs in French Cards. If you order.a 50c collection and want quality, you will get your money’s worth in these elegant cards. SCRAP PICTURES. The Finest Line of Scrap Pictures I ever had in stock. Perhaps you have sent to other dealers for scrap pictures and been disappointed, not in quantity but in quality. My scraps are imported and are fine, 25c buys a nice collection, but 59c gives you some that are elegant. Very Respectfully, A. G. BASSETT, Rochester, N. Y. STAMPS AND COINS. 66 Varieties Foreign Stamps........scsesseeeuees roc too Varieties Foreign Stamps.........2--. «.e00e22C roo MirxedsHoreiomiStampsea.soctiwecce ces lc ce cle 5c tooo Mixed Foreign Stamps.............. soeo0e 5 40c 3) Claim se, CoriS. ded gneponbeaaoebes ee sooedncoaor 15C Ware ties #Moreien| Coins-cissineit weeie atin see «aye 25c Rg Vatieticsboreign Conse sc. css ksce ss osececene. 50c Or will send all or the above by return mail, for Only emteeleamttntererersisn eicisicicie cietaroe sce cence $1.20 All orders filled promptly. Satisfaction guaranteed. Address, JOHN GALLAHER, Gaines, N. Y. always RULES For taking the Measurements of Birds’ Eggs, &c., &c. We have just obtained a fine lot of six inch, brass trimmed, folding calliper, rules for the above purpose. Every collector should have one. Sample by return mail, post-paid, only 35c; three for $1 oo. Address, THE YOUNG OOLOGIST, Orleans Co. Gaines, N, Y. CABINETS. For collectors of Bric-a-brac, Minerals, Fossils, Shells, Corals, Eggs, Coins, &c., &c., manufactured to order, write, enclosing stamp for reply, and obtain our prices on anything in the Cabinet line you may desire. Address H. P. MITCHELL, Gaines, N. Y. GIVEN TO WORD HUN- TERS. Send stamp for par- ticulars, mentioning this paper. Address C. Frep Smrre & Co., East Somerville, Mass. FOR SALE. Mazan Creek Fossils, consisting of Ferns, Plants, Fish remains, Crawfish, Insects, Bugs, Flies, Cater- pillars, etc. Choice collections of these fossils from $x 00 to $100 oo, sent to any part of the world. Sat- isfaction guaranteed. The Mazan Creek Fossils are the finest in the world. For further information, address H. D. HILL, Morris, Ills. R STAM Q ds. Circul FREE. UBBER ent eh eee eee aan Eine for lee, C. J. CONOLLY & CO., Rochester, N. Y. Agents, Novelty Dealers and Col- lectors. make Big Pay selling our My 24 Page Illustrated Catalogue, containing prices of thousands of Coins, Stamps, Currency, &c., sent free, with two Silver Plated Medals, for roc. For sale only by W. F. GREANY, 827 Brannan St., San Francisco, Cal. LLECTORS sr Ta THE YOUNG OOLOGIST. THE PUBLISHER OF The Young Qologist Tn order to obtain a large circulation for his little journal, offers the following inducements which he believes have never been equaled by any publisher. To any person sending us 50 cents for one year’s subscription to THE YOUNG OOLOoGIsT, with 15 cents additional to pay the postage, packing, &c., we will send any one of the following articles as a premium : 1—One egg of the Yucatan Jay, 2 —One egg of the Euphonia, 3—One egg of the Gular (?) Oriole, Icterus Gularis. : 4—One Mazan Creek Fossil Fern, 5—Two Abalone or Pearl Shells. Remember we do not, and will not, offer these premiums for sale at less than the retail prices of regular Natural History specimen dealers (which range from 50 cents to $1.00 for each of these premiums ). After receiving the premium, sheuld you be dissatisfied with it, we will gladly refund the amount that it actually cost you, including the return postage. Some parties may think this offer a “snap game ”’ to obtain their money. For the benefit of such persons, we beg to state that these premiums we have obtained in immense quan- tities, direct from the collectors or importers, at OUR OWN PRICES, and can use them as premiums for our paper at no loss to ourself (as long as our supply lasts). As Natural History specimens are something that cannot be manufactured, and must be obtained through, collectors, our offer will hold good only as long as our present supply lasts, therefore, to secnre one of the premiums, we would advise our friends to send in their sub- scriptions by return mail, as our supply is lim- ited, (We have only about one thousand of these premiums in stock.) DESCRIPTION OF OUR PREMIUMS. 1—The egg of the Yucatan Jay is one of the It is of creamy flesh color, spotted with obscure and reddish brown spots. Size and shape similar to the Blue Jay’s. handsomest eggs we have ever seen. 2—The egg of the Euphonia resembles a miniature Robin’s egg, the color being of a light blue, without spots. Size, a little smaller than Chipping Sparrow’s. 3—The egg or the Gular Onole in color and markings is similar to that of the Baltimore Oriole, and in size nearly if not quite as large as a Robin’s egg. Premiums 1, 2 and 3 were collected in Yucatan, Mexico. We obtained our entire stock direct from the collector. 4—Our Fossil Ferns are from the famous Mazan Creek locality, in Grundy Co., Illinois, at which place are found the finest fossil ferns in the world. These Fossil Ferns usually occur in kidney-shaped nedules, and are readily sold at from 50c to $1.00 each. 5—The Haliotis or Abalone shells, which we offer as our fifth premium, came from China, and are one of the finest shells we have in stock. These shells range from 10 to 16 inches in circumference. Dealers usually retail them at about 50 cents each, and sell large quantities of them for ornamental purposes. INDUCEMENTS TO CLUB GETTERS. We authorize every collector in the world to solicit subscriptions for THE YOUNG OOLOGIST, and will pay them well for their trouble. We have no ‘‘confidential terms.’’ Our rates are the same to all, viz: For each and every subscriber you will obtain, we will allow you a cash commission of 15c, or, should you prefer, we will give 20 cents worth of books, instru- ments or specimens, your own selection from our lists (which we send upon receipt of stamp ). To be entitled to the above commission, you must (if not already a subscriber) send in your subscription for THE YOUNG OOLOGIST with your first order. We can allow you no com- mission on your own name. As some of our friends will work more faithfully and obtain more subscribers than others, we, to show our appreciation of their work in our behalf, will give, in addition to the above commission, VALUABLE PRESENTS and CASH amounting to over $ 1 OO.OO. Ys_ For full particulars see page 16. Address all communications to THE YOUNG OOLOGIST, Gaines, Orleans Co., N. Y. THE YOUNG OOLOGIST. WoalieeNor2.) GAINES, NY.) JUNE 1884... { PusiisHED MonrTHuty. 50c. Per YEAR. INSTRUCTIONS FOR COLLEC- TING BIRDS’ EGGS. BY J. P. NORRIS. No. 2. Biowine Eees.—Eggs are best emptied of their contents, by means of a drill, made for the purpose. By means of this drill a hole is made in the sdde of the egg, and one is sufficient. The size of the hole should be proportionate to the egg, and the amount of incubation it has undergone. To start a hole with one of these drills, take a fine-pointed needle and perforate the shell. Then insert the drill gently and work it slowly, asa too rapid motion is almost sure to break the shell of fragile eggs. When the hole is large enough, insert a hollow straw, (in case of not having a tube made for the purpose,) and blow through it gently. You will then perceive the contents of the eggs slowly oozing out. Too violent blowing will cause small and delicate eggs to break. Those not having a drill can blow eggs in the following manner : Make two holes on the same side of the egg, near the ends with a fine pointed needle,—the hole near the large end of the egg being the larger of the two. Then apply the mouth to the smaller hole and give a gentle puff, and the contents of the egg will ooze out of the larger hole. Large eggs should be rinsed out with clean water, (taking care not to get any upon the shell, as it will sometimes remove the color,) to. prevent decompostion of any matter that may not have been ejected by the blowing. This precaution is not nec- essary in eggs less than 14 inches long, “unless they should contain embryos, when they should be thoroughly rinsed out. And sometimes it is not necessary to rinse out larger eggs when they are perfectly fresh. When the egg has been incubated a suffi- cient time to form an ambryo, it will be necessary to make a much larger hole by which to empty the contents. No matter how far the embryo is developed, it is possible to empty the egg by making a large enough hole. Never make holes in the ends of the egg for the purpose of emptying it, as it ruins its appearance, and prevents accurate measurements being taken of it. When the holes are on the same side, they do not injure the appearance of it, as they do not show when the egg is resting on that side, and consequently it looks much better in the cabinet and is more valuable. The principal accident to be avoided is crushing the egg between the fingers, while holding it. To avoid this hold the egg very lightly between the thumb and fore-finger of the left hand, and then you have the right hand free to operate with. It is recommended to have a basin of water in front of you and to blow the eggs over it, and then if you should happen to drop ~ them, the water will stop the violence of the fall, and prevent them from being broken. Most persons suppose that eggs are very fragile things, and are very difficult to blow. We can assure all such persons that this is not the case, and that, with a little experience, any one can blow them neatly and without breaking them. PaAckING FOR T’RANSPORTATION.—TO pack eggs for transportation, each one should be enveloped in a roll of raw cotton. The eggs over an inch long should be laid in layers in large paste-board boxes, each one having been previously wrapped in a roll of raw cotton. The outside box, or one that contains them all, must be made of 20} THE, YOUNGYOOLGGISS. wood, as paste-board boxes without any- The eggs of all woodpeckers, creepers, thing to protect them, would certainly be | titmice, nuthatches, &c., are very rare, broken or crushed in transportation. We have found this to be invariably our ex- perience, and we have had many valuable eggs broken from their having been packed in paste-board boxes, and not enclosed in wooden ones. If raw cotton cannot be procured in sufficient quantity at a cheap rate, old rope carefully picked into tow makes a very good substitute. Or the silk from the ear of Indian Corn makes a capital article for the purpose. Large eggs may be packed in dry moss, using great care to envelope them entirely in it. But after all, raw cotton is by far the best substance to use When it can be procured cheaply. Never pack eggs in sawdust or bran ; it works in at the holes where the eggs are blown, and makes them so solid that they jolt together in the box and break. We have seen some very valuable eggs entirely ruined by being packed in this manner. SUGGESTIONS FOR FINDING THE NESTS oF Brrps.—Birds breed in accordance with the latitude of the country they select, and their eggs are to be found from February to August. Most birds, however, breed in the months April, May and June; but the nests of all large hawks and owls should be sought for at least a month or two previous, according to the latitude of the place where the collector is located. In fact it is utterly impossible to give exact dates for certain species, as they vary in almost every State, and even in the different parts of a State. The collector must use his own judgement in regard to this point, and be on the lookout for the early breeding birds. Many hawks and owls breed in deserted crow’s nests, and also in holes and cavities in decayed trees. When they go to the trouble of building a nest for themselves it can hardly be distinguished from that of a crow, if it be on a tree. ; : < i Ps a : cSt Sona E mM BR ow 8 . Nw y 4 . - Ly vor (ieee Se we : 4 cs! 8 Os Ses NES sie one SS S&S o . & Be Sy TaN QS i wy a an) Xe a aN . D) a S Sine oae lite eS Ms Ao rine auld nnestirmiblsas Ss eS wud TO dente eo 2k ie ORE) RES Bes iN Brat 3 oO Ss AAU ain ESS ge ue) aati St Rio). Siu F S RS! ag hneee Z, S Celera SARS SES AIS 8 : : ih teen a) La es nad 840 WMOS UES ar Nob eth 5 ss aes aS Navi) (oi : i COVE AD Saati g S BS DEAPONGI Gay ials. tte Ny eta Tut: Pen ler ati 5 CONG HAN PAN? AMON eRe ON n/N SS Sycscudison A Bp) lating) PNAS OOS ep OL pees Oe Each egg of the above set should be marked 5163. ———— Cabinets. (Editor of Young Oologist.) In regard to Cabinets for collections I found it hard work to get anything to suit me until one day I came across a printers cabinet with cases, which I found to answer the purpose very well for all small eggs. The triple cases are the best, as the com- partments are of the same size. Of my large eggs, some are in glass cases on each side of my studio, and others in a cabinet of my own make, after the style of the printers cabinet mentioned above, having large drawers to suit the height of the eggs. At first I tried keeping my eggs in glass cabinets, but as my collection be- gan to grow I found it useless to try this plan as it takes great deal of space which I find is not very plentiful with an ama- teur. BiurE Noss, Halifax, Nova Scotia. 26 THE YOUNG OOLOGIST. Nashville Warbler. Notes on the Nashville and Hooded Warblers, and Golden-winged Woodpecker from Dighton, Mass. On the fourth of June, 1883, I found a nest of this species. The nest was placed in a snarl of briars about six inches from the ground; it was composed of grape vine bark, dead leaves, and the inner bark of the chestnut, lined with horse-hair and pine needles ; it contained four eggs of a white color with a faint rosy tint, covered irregularly with dots of reddish brown and obscure lilac. Dimensions of the four specimens were, .62x.50 inch; .58x.48 inch ; .60x.48 inch, and .59x.47 inch. HOODED WARBLER. I found a nest of this species on the 9th of June, 1888. The nest was pensile, attached to the fork of a young white oak, ‘about four feet from the ground; it was composed of bark, moss and dead grass, neatly and compactly woven together ; it was suspended in the form of a basket from the forked twig to which it was attached, and deeply hollowed; it was lined with pine needles and feathers, con- tained four eggs of a dull white, covered with dots of reddish brown at the large end ; average dimensions .52x.68 inch. GOLDEN-WINGED WOODPECKER. On May 6th, 1888, I found in a hole two eggs of this bird ; I took one, leaving the other as a nest egg, and continued to do this day after day, until she had laid seventy-one eggs. The Woodpecker rested two days, taking her seventy-three days to lay seventy-one eggs. I prize this set very highly. C. L. P. = ~~ ee Skeletons. To G. 8., DELAWARE, O. The surest and best way to prepare the skeletons of birds and other small animals for collections is, to place the dead body in the midst of an ant-hill; after leaving it there for a month or so, the flesh will be entirely taken off, and the bones will remain white and unsoiled. The ants are of the common black species, which raise large mounds of earth in the pastures and woods. H. A. TaBor, The Intelligence of Birds. Dr. Charles C. Abbott describes in Science some interesting experiments on the intelli- gence of birds. When he girdled branches on which birds had built their nests and thereby caused the foliage to shrivel up so that the nests were exposed, the birds abandoned the nests, although they had already laid their eggs. But in a case in which the nest already contained young birds, the old birds remained, notwith- standing the exposure of the nest, until the young ones were able to fly. He placed a number of pieces of woolen, yarn—red, yellow, purple, green and gray in color— near a tree in which a pair of Baltimore orioles were building a nest. The pieces of yarn were all exactly alike except in color. There was an equal number of each color, and the red and yellow pieces were purposely placed on top, The birds chose only the gray pieces, putting in a few purple and blue ones when the nest was nearly finished. Nota red, yellow or green strand was used. Dr. Abbott concludes from his observations of the building of birds’s nests that the female birds is exact- ing, obstinate and tyranical, and not at all disposed to give in to the wishes of her lord and master. The site of the nest is selected after careful examination of suita- ble locations by both birds. —— == There is an island on the coast of Cali- fornia, which is covered by three acres of eggs. A sea captain who recently visited it says the island is of rock with a surface of about three acres. It is covered with guano, in which sea fowls of all descrip- tions were found laying or incubating their eggs. The surface appeared to be almost entirely covered with eggs, principally those of sea-gulls, shaggs, and a small bird known as the salt-water duck. He says it was difficult to walk without treading on the eggs, and a ship could be easily loaded with them. The above clipping was sent to us by a friend in New York City. THE YOUNG OOLOGIST. 27 (For the YOUNG OOLOGIST.) Ornithology of the Island of Montreal. By W. D. SHaw. The following list of birds frequenting the Island of Montreal has been prepared chiefly from observa- tions made by Mr. Ernest D. Winter and myself, ex- tending over a period of several years. It is probable that a few species have escaped our notice, as many remain only a short time on the Island during their Migrations north and south. 1. Merula Migratoria, (American Robin.) 2. Hylocichla Mustelina, (Wood Thrush.) 3. Hylocichla Unalascz Pallasi, (Hermit Thrush.) 4. Hylocichla Ustulata Swainsoni, (Olive-backed Thrush.) 5. Hylocichla Fuscescens, (Wilson’s Thrush.) 6. Galeoscoptes Carolinensis, (Catbird.) 7. Harporhynchus Rufus, (Brown Thrasher.) 8. Sialia Sialis, (Bluebird.) 9g. Regulus Calendula, (Ruby-crowned Kinglet.) 10, Regulus Satrapa, (Golden-crowned Kinglet.) 11. Parus Atricapillus, (Black-capped Chickadee.) 12. Sitta Carolinensis, White-bellied Nuthatch.) 13. Sitta Canadensis, (Red-bellied Nuthatch.) 14. Certhia Familiaris Rufa, (Brown Creeper.) 15. Troglodytes Aedon, (House Wren.) 16. Anorthura Troglodytes Hyemalis, Wren.) 17. Eremophila Alpestris, (Shore Lark.) 18. Anthus Ludovicianus, (American Titlark.) 19. Mniotilta Varia, (Black-and-white Creeper.) 20. Parula Americana, (Blue Yellow-backed Warbler.) 21. Dendroeca Aestiva, (Summer Yellow Bird.) 22. Helminthophaga Chrysoptera, (Golden-winged Warbler.) 23. Dendroeca Virens, Warbler.) 54. Dendrcoeca Czerulescens, (Black-throated Blue Warbler.) 25. Dendroeca Coronata, (Yellow-rump Warbler.) 26. Dendroeca Blackburniz (Blackburnian Warbler) 27. Dendrceca Striata, (Black-poll Warbler.) 28. Dendroeca Castanea, (Bay-breasted Warbler.) (Winter (Black-throated Green 29. Dendroeca Pennsylvanica, (Chestnut-sided Warbler.) 30. Dendreeca Maculosa, (Black-and-yellow Warbler.) 31. Dendrceca Pinus, (Pine-creeping Warbler.) 32. Siurus Auricapillus, (Golden-crowned Thrush) 33. Geothlypis Trichas, (Maryland Yellow-throat) 34. Geothlypis Philadelphia, (Mourning Warbler.) _ 35. Myiodioctes Canadensis, (Canadian Flycatch- ing Warbler. 36. Setophaga Ruticilla, (American Redstart.) 37- Pyranga Rubra, (Scarlet Tanager.) 38. Hirundo Erythrogastra, (Barn Swallow.) 39- Tachycineta Bicolor, (White-bellied Swallow.) 40, Petrochelidon Lunifrons, (Cliff Swallow.) 4t. Cotile Riparia, (Bank Swallow ) 42. Progne Subis, (Purple Martin.) 43. Ampelis Garrulus, (Northern Wax-wing.) 44. Ampelis Cedrorum, (Cedar Wax-wing.) 45. Vireosylvia Olivacea, (Red-eyed Vireo.) 46. Lanius Borealis, (Great Northern Shrike.) 47. Lanius Ludovicianus, (Loggerhead Shrike.) 48. Pinicola Enucleator, Pine Grosbeak.) 49. Carpodacus Purpureus, (Purple Finch.) __ 50. Loxia Leucoptera, (White-winged Crossbill.) 51. Loxia Curvirostsa Americana, (American Crossbill. 52. Aegiothus Linaria, (Common Redpoll.) 53. Chrysomitris Pinus, (Pine Goldfinch.) 54. Astragalinus Tristis, (American Goldfinch.) 55. Plectrophanes Nivalis, (Snow Bunting.) 56. Poceceies Gramineus, (Grass Finch.) 57- Melospiza Palustris, (Swamp Sparrow.) 58. Melospiza Fasciata, (Song Sparrow.) 59. Junco Hyemalis, (Black Snowbird,) 60. Spizella Montana, (Tree Sparrow.) 61. Spizella Domestica, (Chipping Sparrow.) 62. Spizella Pusilla, (Field Sparrow.) 63. Zonotrichia Albicollis, (White-throated Spar- 64. Zonotrichia Sparrow.) 65. Passer Domesticus, (English Sparrow.) 66. Zamelodla Ludoviciana, (Rose-breasted Gros- beak.) 67. Passerina Cyanea, (Indigo Bunting.) 68. Dolichonyx Oryzivorus, (Bobolink.) 69. Molothrus Ater, (Cowbird.) 7o. Agelzeus Pheeniceus, (Red and buff-shouldered Blackbird.) 7x1. Icterus Galbula, (Baltimore Oriole.) 72. Scolecophagus Ferrugincus, (Rusty Blackbird) 73. Quiscalus Purpureus, (Purple Grackle.) 74. Corvus Frugivorus, (Common Crow.) 75. Cyanocitta Cristata, (Blue Jay.) 76. Perisoreus Canadensis, (Canada Jay.) 77. Vyrannus Carolinensis, (Kingbird.) 78. Myiarchus Crinitus, (Great Crested Flycatcher) 79. Sayornis Fuscus, (Phoebe Bird, 80. Contopus Virens, (Wood Pewee.) 81. Contopus Borealis, (Olive-sided Flycatcher,) 82. Empidonax Flaviventris, (Yellow-bellied Fly- catcher.) 83. Caprimulgus Vociferus, (Whip-poor-will.) 84. Chordeiles Popetue, (Nighthawk.) 85. Chetura Pelasgica, (Chimney Swift.) 86. Trochilus Colubris, (Ruby-throated Hum- mingbird.) 87. Ceryle Alcyon, (Belted Kingfisher.) 88. Coccyzus Erythrophthalmus, (Black-billed Cuckoo.) 89. Coccyzus Americanus, (Yellow-billed Cuckoo) go. Hylotomus Pileatus, (Pileated Woodpecker.) gt. Picus Villosus, (Hairy Woodpecker.) gz. Picus Pubescens, (Downy Woodpecker.) 93-_ Picoides Arcticus, (Black-backed Three-toed Woodpecker.) 94. Sphyrapicus Varius, (Yellow-bellied Wood- pecker.) 95. Melanerpes (Red-headed Woodpecker.) 96. Colaptes Auratus, (Yellow-shafted Flicker.) 97- Bubo Virginianus, (Great Horned Owl.) 98. Scops Asio, (Little Screech Owl.) gg. Asio Americanus, (American Long-eared Owl) roo. Asio Accipitrinus, (Short-eared Owl.) i101. Ululo Cinerea, (Great Gray Owl.) 102. Strix Nebulosa, (Barred Owl.) 103. Nyctea Scandiaca, Snowy Owl.) 104. Surnia Funerea, (American Hawk Owl.) 105. Nyctale Tengmalmi Richardsoni, (Richard- son’s Owl.) 106. Nyctale Acadica, (Saw-whet Owl.) 107. Circus Hudsonius, (Marsh Hawk.) 108, Accipiter Fuscus, (Sharp-shinned Hawk.) tog. Astur Atricapillus, (American Goshawk.) 110. Falco Peregrinus Nevius, (Duck Hawk.) zzz. Tinnunculus Sparverius, (Sparrow Hawk.) 112. Buteo Borealis, (Red-tailed Hawk.) 113. Buteo Lineatus, (Red-shouldered Hawk.) 114. Buteo Swainsoni, (Swainson’s Hawk. 115. Buteo Pennsylvanicus, (Brosd-winged Hawk) 116. Archibuteo Lagopus Sancti-Johannis, (Amer- ican Rough-legged Hawk.) 117. Pandion Haliaetus Carolinensis, (Fish Hawk) 118, Halizetus Leucocephalus, (Bald Eagle.) 119. Ectopistes Migratoria, (Passenger Pigeon.) 1z0. Bonasa Umbellus, (Ruffed Grouse.) 121. Squatarola Helvetica, (Black-bellied Plover.) 122. Charadrius Pluvialis, (Golden Plover.) 123. Ochthodromus Wilsonius, (Wilson’s Plover.) 124. Obyechus Vociferus, (Killdeer,) 125. Aegialites Semipalmatus, (Semipalmated Plover.) 126. Aegialites Melodus, (Piping Plover.) 127. Aegialites Cantianus Nivosus, Plover.) 128. Philohela Minor, (American Woodcock.) 129. Gallinago Media Wilsoni, (Wilson’s Snipe.) Leucophrys, (White-crowned Erythrocephalus, (Snowy 28 THE YOUNG OOLOGIST. 130. Macrorhamphus Griseus, (Red-breasted Snipe.) 131. Actodromas Minutilla, (Least Sandpiper.) 132. Actodromas Maculato, (Pectoral Sandpiper.) 133. Totanus Flavipes, (Yellow-legs.) 134. Rhyacophilus Solitarius, (Solitary Sandpiper) 135. Totanus Melanoleucus, (Greater Yellow-legs; Tell-tale.) 136. Tringoides Macularius, (Spotted Sandpiper.) 137. Ardea Herodias, (Great Blue Heron.) 138. Nyctiardea Grisea Nevia, (Black-crowned Night Heron.) 139. Botaurus Lentiginosus, (American Bittern.) 140. Rallus Elegans, (Red-breasted Rail.) 141. Rallus Virginianus, (Virginian Rail.) 142. Porzana Carolina, Sora Rail.) 143- Fullca Americana, (American Coot.) 144. Bernicla Canadensis, (Canada Goose.) 145. Anas Boscas, (Mallard.) 136. Anas Obscura, (Black Mallard.) 147. Dafila Acuta, (Pintail.) 148. Mareca Penelope, (Widgeon.) 149. Nettion Carolinensis, (Green-winged Teal.) 150. Querquedula Discora, (Blue-winged Teal.) 151. Spatula Clypeata, (Shoveller.) 152. Aix Sponsa, Wood Duck.) fs 753+ Fulix Marila, (Scaup Duck; Greater Blue- ill.) fs 154. Fulix Affinis, (Little Blackhead; Lesser Blue- ill.) 15. Aethyia Americana, (Redhead.) 156. Aethyia Vallisneria, (Canvas-back.) 157. Clangula Glaucium Americana, (American Golden-eye. 158. Clangula Albeola, (Buffiehead.) 159. Mergus Merganser Americanus, (American Sheldrake; Merganser.) 160. Mergus Serrator, (Red-breasted Sheldrake.) 161. Lophodytes Cucullatus, (Hooded Sheldrake.) 162. Larus Marinus, (Great Black-backed Gull’) 163. Larus Argentatus, (Herring Gull.) 164. Larus Philadelphice, (Bonaparte’s Gull.) 165. Sterna Fluviatilis, (Common Tern.) 106. Sterna Antillarum, (Least Tern.) 167. Colymbus Torquatus, (Loon ; Great North- ern Diver.) 168. Podilymbus Podiceps, (Thick-billed Grebe ; Pied-billed Dabchick.) The above will, I trust, induce others to publish lists of birds occurring in their localities. Such records are valuable for reference regarding the geo- graphical range of the species. Chewink, Sora Rail, Cooper Hawk. During the last Summer I found three Chewink’s nests which were placed in bushes at a height of from two to five feet. According to most Ornithologists this bird builds its nest on the ground. Nests of the Scarlet Tanager promise to be very abundant this season, if the number of birds that have arrived here is any indica- tion. Last summer I found a nest of the Sora Rail on May 80th, within one hundred yards of half a dozen houses. The nest contained twelve eggs nearly hatched. One of my friends found a nest of Cooper Hawks, on the 5th inst. It was placed in a black oak about sixty-five feet from the ground, and contained five fresh eggs. E. S. B. Rock Island, Ills. White-rumped Shrike. A. B. W. of Clinton, Wis., under date of May 5th, writes us as follows: I re- ceived your paper and am much pleased with it. I have been collecting nearly two weeks. The first nest found this season was that of a crow and contained seven young birds. The next time I went col- lecting I climbed an Oak tree, and found two young squirrels. They were quite tame and very lively. On this same trip I, together with two other boys found a White-rumped Shrike’s nest containing four eggs. It was placed in a locust hedge in a crotch of a tree, about six feet from the ground. The nest was composed of thistle down feathers, twine, pieces of cloth, in fact, almost anything suitable that the bird could obtain. It was lined with wool, hair and feathers. Shrike’s nests can generally be found by the bones and carcasses of young birds, etc., impaled upon the thorns about the nest. We took the four eggs but did not disturb the nest; upon revisiting the nest a few days later, we found two more eggs. We took both, eggs and nest. Still later while collecting in the same locality, we found a nest of this same bird containing five eggs. An old New York Sun quotes the follow- ing high prices for eggs: Two eggs of the great auk (supposed to be extinct), recently sold in an auction room in Edinburgh, for $16. They were afterward resold in London, one fetching $500 and the other 102 guineas. This supposed to be the largest price ever paid for an egg, except a single specimen of a moa egg, which was sold in London in 1865 for $1,000, or £200. A nest full of these would be worth finding, provided one could find purchasers at the above-named prices. ites $< @> LES From Nebraska. The first number of THE Youne OoLoGisT received ; am well pleased with it. On the morning of the 10th inst., I found eight or ten nests of the Bronzed Grakle. They were each and every one of them placed from six to ten feet high in the wild plum trees, which grow in abund- ance on the banks of the creeks in this state. The birds in question have chosen very picturesque places for their camping ground. The plum trees are at present one mass of white blossoms. The nests of the Mourning Dove were as plenty as those of the Black birds. NEAR oe York, Nebraska. THE YOUNG OOLOGIST. 29 Queries Answered. H. J. D., NoRTHFIELD, VT.—The Stone- chat is an Huropean bird, its eggs resemble those of the Blue-bird. The Baltimore Oriole is often called the Golden Robin. F. H. P., Norra BEVERLY, Mass.— Robins often build their nests in pine trees. F. B. W., RocuEster, N. Y.—Your nest and eggs are either those of the Swamp or Savannah Sparrow, doubtless the former. W. B. S., AruantTa, Ga.—1. White- eyed Vireo. 2. A Bank Swallow’s egg is pure white. Cliff Swallow’s eggs are white spotted, with dusky brown. 3. Send egg and we will try and give name. 8. J. O., Ocatsa, Fua.—The Blue Jay usually lays five eggs, in color they are of a dull olive, spotted with brown. A. R., CHARLESTOWN, W. Va.—We cannot identify your eggs from description given, as you neither describe the bird nor nest. W. Mck., Aumpo, Init.—The Martin, which is found in your locality and in other parts of the U. §8.. is the Purple Martin. J. H. H., SPpRINGRIELD, Mass.—The Ruffed Grouse and the bird which you call the Partridge are identical. In Pennsyl- vania and other localities the Ruffed Grouse is often called the Pheasant. W. C. W., New Haven, Conn.—We will endeavor to name all eggs sent us for identification, if description is also given of nest and bird. Collectors wishing their specimens returned, must enclose stamps for packing and return postage. A. M. B., Wartssssine, N. J.—Full information in regard to skinning, stuffing and mounting is given in Manton’s Taxidermy. Price 50 cents. For sale at this Office. R. W. T., CoatrHam. O.—The nests and eggs which you have found, are those o the White Rumped Shrike. . COLLECTOR, OswEGo, N. Y.—The eggs of the different Shrikes resemble each other so closely, that they could not be described so as to make identity. The variety which breeds in your locality, is doubtless the White Rumped. From your description, should say that your ‘‘ Wild Ducks”. eggs were the Sora Rail. The Yellow Shafted Flicker has a red cresent on the back of its neck. The Euphonia is a small bird of the Tanager family, and is a Mexican bird. L. D., Litcarrm up, Minn.—The bird of which you have found so many nests, is doubtless the Indigo Bunting. A. 8. M:, Purua., Pa.—Cannot Posi- tively name your eggs as you describe, neither the bird nor nest. W. C., Woopstock, [Lu.—The Cooper’s Hawk is more commonly known as Chicken Hawk. H. J. D., NortTuHrireip, Vt.— We can- not identify eggs from a mere description, unless description is given of both nest and bird. Egg No. 1 is English Sparrow. The bird you desired named is the Rose- breasted Grosbeak. R. W. F., Prymours, Ct.—The King bird that breeds in California is the Western King bird. W. A., Unton Sprines, N. Y.—Purple Grakle is the correct name for Crow Black bird. C. P. W., Lake Vinuace, N. H.—Bald Eagle eggs are worth $4.00 each. Par- roquet eggs 50 cents each. T. C., SEAFORTH, Ont.—We can fur- ‘nish Samuels Birds of New England at $4.00 per copy. If you have already subscribed for THE Youne Oo.oaist, you can obtain one of our premiums by getting a friend to subscribe with you. You can then pay the 15 cents extra and select one of the premiums for yourself. C. R. E., FREDERICK Crry, Mp.—The bird you wish named is the American Goldfinch. We have never known the Catbird to harm the nests and eggs of other birds. Has any of our friends ? C. H. D., SHaron, Wrs.—The correct name for the Wild Pigeon is Passenger Pigeon (459). The bird you sent for identification was the Yellow Shafted Flicker, (878). We are not quite certain in regard to your hawk, will inform you later. F. M. W., Newton Ja.—Phoebe bird or Pewee is the correct name for the bird that you call Bridge Swallow. W. B. W. CLARKSVILLE, TeEnn.— Your egg is that of the White-bellied Nuthatch. G. R. C., NasuviiLe, TeEnN.—The egg you sent for identification is that of the Lark Finch. W. 5S. C., Prorta, Inu.—Your nest is doubtless that of the Chipping Sparrow. We have known of several early nests of this bird being placed in clumps of weeds, at from six to twelve inches from the ground. 30 THE: VOUNG, OOLOGISE. Chimney Swift is the correct name for bird often called Chimney Sweep and Chimney Swallow. We have had eggs, supposed to have been turtles, which had hard shells. G. H. 8. Jr., Rye, N. Y.—Are not your eggs those of the Grass Finch ? H. G., Port Byron, N. Y.—The red and black shouldered Blackbird is a Western bird. Its nesting habits, eggs, etc., resemble those of our common red and buff shouldered Blackbird. R. B., Minustonn, N. J.—The bird building the pensile nest which you describe is the Red-eyed Vireo. The two small ones were eggs of that bird. The larger ones were eggs of the Cowbird. G. H. L., Lircurretp, Minn.—Our set of two, Swallow-tailed Kite eggs, came from Texas, and were collected April 2ist, 1888. The nest was in an Oak tree, about 75 feet from the ground. The three set of eggs of this bird, which have come under our observation during the past few years, consisted of two eggs each. BH. N. B., Soura Boston, Mass.—Alli- gator eggs are worth about 25 cents each, (we have none). As an Advertising Medium, does the Young Oologist Pay its Patrons P PETALUMA, CAL., July 18, 1884. FRANK H. Larrin, DEAR Srr.—Please discontinue my ex- change notice in your paper ; I have recei- ved over 100 (one hundred) letters, from every State in the Union, and even from England, Canada, Mexico, &c., and long ago ran short of eggs. Yours truly, Gero. C. Copprne. Collectors are commencing to realize the value of the columns of the Youneé Ooto- GIsT as an advertising medium. The above notice which Mr. C. refers to, cost cost him 15cts. and he received from this notice aS Many answers aS we received from a four line notice, costing us over #11.—in the Youths Companion. Our present exchange notice rates will hold good until Sep. Ist, only. At that date the rates will be increased. Send in your notices at once, if you do not receive answers from them, we will cheerfully refund your money. Sa) 6 DHE, YOUNG, OOOGiISic THE YOUNG OOLOGIST EDITED AND PUBLISHED MONTHLY FRANK H. LATTIN, GAINES, N. Y. Correspondence and items of interest to the OoOLo- GisT, and Specimen and Curiosity collectors solicited from all. Terms of Subscription. Single Subscription - - 50 cents per annum Sample Copies, = - - - 5 cents each. The above rates include postage. Rare Specimens will be offered, from time to time, at aslight advance on regular rates, to induce persons to subscribe. 9 Terms of Advertising. Single insertion, 20 cents per line, nonpareil. 1 mo. 3 mo. 6 mo. 1 yr. Five lines, 1 00 2 50 4 00 6 00 One inch, 2 00 5 00 8 00 12 00 1-2 column, 7 00 17 50 28 06 42 00 1 oe 13 00 32 50 52 00 78 00 One page, 25 00 62 50 100 00 150 00 Advertisements under five lines, charged one line extra. Yearly advertisements payable quarterly in advance. No deviation in any case from the above rates. Remittances should be made by draft on New York ; money order or postal note payable at Gaines, N. Y.; or by registered letter. Unused U. S. postage stamps of any denomination will be accepted for sums under one dollar. Address all subscriptions and communications to THE YOUNG OOLOGIST, GAINES, Orleans (o., N. Y. 23 Make money orders and drafts payable to Back numbers of THE YounGé OoLoGist can. be furnished at 5c. each. H. H. H., of Berkeley, Cala., removes stains from eggs by the use of soap rubbed on with a fine brush. J. B. W., Bochester, N. Y., writes, that he saw a cat-bird try to get at a nest of the Wood Pewee, and that the Pewee did not succeed in driving it away, until the cat- bird had broken one of the eggs. Data blanks are becoming more popular. Every Collector should use them, as it not only aids in indentifying doubtful speci- mens, but greatly increases their value for scientific purposes. We often receive a dozen or more pack- ages at a single mail, consequently it is almost impossible for us to tell who they are from unless the sender’s name is either written, stamped or printed on the wrap- per. W.H E. Vineland, N. J., writes us, that he uses scouring brick to erase ink marks and other stains from eggs, and says that although it may not be the Jest, it is his method of removing the stains. G. B. H., of Indianapolis, Ind., has found a nest of the Blue-bird, containing seven eggs. He wishes to know if this is not an unusual number for the Blue-bird to lay ; we should say that it was, what say our readers ? To Eprrors aND PUBLISHERS.—We will send THE YouNG OoOLOGIST one year to any editor or publisher who will give it a notice, favorable or otherwise, and send us a marked copy of his paper containing the same. The Government edition of ‘‘ Ridge- way’s Nomenclature” is exhausted, and consequently cannot be obtained until a new edition is run off. We have been patiently waitingnearly two months for our supply. We have received dozens of papers pub- lished for the benefit of collectors. Among the more worthy ones, those deserving our support, we might mention: The Young Naturalist, Galesburgh, Illinois, 7’he Col- lector, Utica, N. Y., The Naturalists Jowr- nal, Frankford, Philadelphia, Pa., and The Young Mineralogist and Antiquarian, Wheaton, Illinois. We have not space to review each of these valuable little Jour- nals separately, and would therefore advise our friends to send for sample copies ; do not forget to state that you saw them noticed in THe Youneé Oonoeist. By so doing you will give our ‘‘brethern” some idea of the circulation of Tuk Youne OoLo- GIST. THE YOUNG OOLOGIST. We do not want our friends to think we are slighting them, because we do not publish their notes and items. We have such a stack of them on hand, that we are afraid it will be necessary for us to publish a double number soon, in order to run them off. Send them along, we will use them in time. The Rev. J. G. Wood has now a serial running in the Golden Days of Phila- delphia, Pa., entitled: ‘‘ The Boys Muse- um” or ‘‘Wharton’s Method of Preserving.” This article promises to be of value to our friends, especially those interested in tax- idermy. Owing, partially at least to the extensive mail business done at the office of THE Youne Oouierst, the superintendent of money-order system has deemed it advisa- ble to extend the system to Gaines, N. Y._ Tn the future our friends can make their Money-orders and Postal notes payable on that office. Our patrons in looking over the first four numbers of THr YouNnG OoLoGistT can- not but admire the sameness (?) of the paper and make up of the four issues. Any one not knowing differently would naturally suppose it was published by the proprietor of a curiosity shop. The re- mainder of Vol. I. will be printed on the same quality of paper that we used in this number. Under the date of May 22d, H. S., of Algonac, Mich., writes us, that at Dick- inson Island, on the St. Clair Flats, in a very large tree, about 100 feet from the ground, is an eagles nest, which the old settlers claim has been in use for the past fifty years. At the time of Mr. §’s visit to the Island, the nest contained eaglets. Af this same: Island, on May ist, Mr. 8. saw a Woodcock with her young, and found in the butt of a hollow tree six young and an old Red Fox. He also found a nest of the Green-winged Teal, from which 12 young hatched on May 28th. 57 Cardinal Grosbeak. (Cardinalis Virginianus. ) This is one of our resident birds, remain- ing with us all the year and is known by old and young as the Red-bird. They are easily domesticated and are often sought after on account of their rich plumage and clear sweet song. Which has gained for them in Hurope the name of the Virginia Nightingale. 'They will live, if taken good care of, to an old age, but are apt to loose considerable of their bright color while kept in close confinement. They com- mence to build early in April. I have found their nest with eggs as early as April 25th, mmeubation advanced. I know they raise two broods during the season if not more, as I have found their nest with fresh eges as late as July 7th. They build a neat nest, (but somewhat bulky) composed outwardly of cane leaves, moss, and strips of bark, and lined with dry grass. They only lay three eggs. (I have collected very near a thousand in my time, and have never found but three in a nest.) Which almost defy description, as they vary so much in their markings and general appearance. They also vary greatly in size. They will build in almost any kind of a place. I have found them in pine saplings, Myrtle bushes, and in live oak trees to the hight of twelve feet. But as a rule, they generally prefer a low swampy place to build, and there is where we, in the south, have our trouble in collecting. We not only have the scorching rays of the sum- mer sun to contend with, but that dreaded scourge the rattle-snake, is sure to be fonnd and to hear him spring his rattle (it is impossible to tell from the sound where _heis) throws a shock through you, and the sound which one hears can never be for- gotten, as I, who have often heard it can assure you. AU 1D, TEINS IY Savannah, Ga. is 8 se We have sent out 125 Yucatan Jay eggs as premiums with THe Youne Oo.oaisr, and have no more to offer. Many of our friends can congratulate themselves for obtaining such a desirable and beautiful egg at so slight an expense. 58 THE YOUNG @GOWOGISie Queries Answered. H. H.. SHELBYVILLE, TENN. — The Summer Red-bird, according to to Wilson, usually lays three eggs in May or June. The Bank Swallow lays from 4 to 6 pure white eggs. The Red and Buff-shouldered Black-bird is one of the most common marsh birds east of the Rocky Mountains, and breeds throughout its range. Samuel’s in his ‘‘ Birds of New England” gives the following excellent description of the nest and eggs of this bird. “It commences building about the first week in May. The nest is usually placed in a tussock of grass or a low bush in a meadow and swamp ; it is constructed of coarse grass, which are woven and intervined into a strong fabric, into which are incorporated the grass to which it is suspended, or the twig of the bush in which it is built. It is deeply hallowed, and lined with fine grasses, and sometimes a few hair-like roots. The eggs are four or five in number ; and they vary in color two or three shades of light blue ; they are marked with spots and streaks of vandyke brown and black, generally dis- tributed thickest at the greater end. Average size about .97 by .70 inches.” This bird is also very commonly called Swamp Blackbird, Marsh Blackbird, Red- winged Blackbird, Blackbird, &c. Is not the bird you call the Redbird the Cardinal Grosbeak. S. J. O., NortH TuRNER BRIDGE, Martne.—The shallow nest made of coarse twigs roughly put together which you found, placed in a clump of bushes con- taining three light blue eggs about the size of a Robins, rounding and blunt at both ends, belong to one of the Cuckoos. Doubtless the Black-billed. G. D. F., Rurvespeck, N. Y.—The Cedar Wax-wing breeds during June, July and August, and lays from 4 to 6 eggs of bluish white color, some having a purplish tinge, sharply marked with spots of black, and obscure spots of the same, which seem to be in the shell rather than on the surface. Average dimensions .82 by .64 inch. T. C., Searortru, Ont.—Think your nest must have belonged to one of the Vireos. He We, Re Miran, (O——“The English Sparrow is the Sparrow that is more than common in our cities and villages. There are dozens of varieties of American Spar- rows. The bird which you call the ‘‘Wild Canary ” is doubtless the American Gold- finch. Both the Orchard and Baltimore Orioles doubtless breed in your locality, V. E. W., Perry, O.—We think the eggs which you found in an old Cliff Swal- lows nest must have been those of the English Sparrow. This vivacious and pugnacious little bird is becoming noted for its utilizing, monopolizing, and gor- mandizing qualities The Swamp Spar- rows egg resembles those of the Song Sparrow, F. F. K., East Saginaw, Micu.—From description given, should think your nest was that of the Indigo Bunting. J. W. J., Brooxiyn, N. Y.—Can hardly identify eggs from descriptions. Think No. 1 is possibly Chipping Sparrow. W. C., WALLINGFORD, Pa.—The Amer- ican Goldfinch is very often called Yellow- bird or Thistle-bird. The Summer Yellow- bird is more commonly known as the Yel- low Warbler, it is also called Summer Warbler, Golden Warbler, and we have often heard it called in this locality the Yellow Wren (in fact, we called it by the latter name ourselves until we knew better). The eggs which you sent for identification were as follows : 1. Yellow-breasted Chat. 2. Cow-bird. 3. American Goldfinch. 4. Common Tern. C. 8. B., HypE Park, Inu.—The Dwarf Cow-bird is a resident of S. W. United States. The bird and eggs resemble our common Cow-birds, except in size, eggs measure .80 by .60. The Piping Plover, according to Coues, generally lays its eggs on the shingle of the beach. The eggs, four in number, are of a light cream buff color are marked with specks and scratches of blackish brown. Eggs measure about 1.25 by. 95 inch. THE YOUNG OOLOGIST. 59 C. A. D., Burtineron, Vt.—The Fly- | catcher which builds its nests in a large hole in a tree, and whose eggs are flesh color, striped and blotched with dark brown, measuring .87 by .69 inch. is the Great-crested Flycatcher. C. W. R.—Your queries have been answered in previous numbers. A. G. W., Water VALLEY, Miss.— The Mourning Dove, in some localities nests on the ground. In regard to the Ground Dovh see pages 10 and 30 of THE YouNG OOLOGIST. R. R. P., Parsons. Kans.—Although we have never heard of a Swallows nest being found under a bridge, should say from your description of bird, nest, and eggs, that the nest which you found in that position must have been that of a Barn Swallow. S. L. W., REDFIELD, Dax.—Is not the bird you supposed to be the Least Fly- catcher the Bell’s Vireo ? W. J. C., Fonp-pu-Lac, Wis.—The bird which you call Chippie is the Chip- ping Sparrow. The mud nest which you found under the eaves of a barn was doubtless that of a Clff Swallow. G. H. 8., Ryz, N. Y.—Your eggs and nest are those of the Indigo Bunting. J. B. R., Newarxt, N. Y.—We know of no birds that breed in Miss, called “Rice-bird” or ‘‘ Bee-bird.” That answers the description you give. Hy P D., GRINNELL, IA. — Describe your Flycatchers nest, and we will tell you what variety it is ; from description already given think it is either the Trails or Acadian. Hardly think bird No 2 is Western House Wren. The Orioles are often called Hang-birds. KH. C. W., Houma, La.—The Great Blue Heron breeds in certain localities through- out America. J. T. H., Huron, Daxora.—We can hardly answer your queries. Can any of our many friends tell us which of the Grebes breed more commonly in Eastern Dakota. G. B. H., INprANAPouis, InD.—The eggs of the Olive-backed Thrush are usually four in number, and in color are of a bluish green, thinly spotted with dots and blotches of various shades of brown. Average dimensions about .91 by .65 in, The egg of the Brown Thrush is of a dirty or gneenish white, thickly specked with dots of reddish brown. Average dimen- sions 1.10 by .78 in. B. B., Dayton, O.—The Scarlet Tan- ager’s egg and nest is described on page 6 of THE Youne Oo.Locist. W. B. H., MitwavuKxerr, Wis.—The nests which you found in the marsh were those of the Florida Gallinule and Least Bittern. The Least Bittern’s eggs were the ones that were white, having a tinge of light blue. How to make and use Bird Lime. Having been somewhat out of health when quite a boy, I found time to amuse myself, at the same time pecuniarily bene- fit myself, by making and selling the lime; also selling many varieties of our most beautiful small birds. But, as I am now forty years of age I only find leisure time to devote to my larger pets, 7. ¢., Light Brahmas. But the bird lime. I understand from men who have lived in Europe, that their bird lime is made from the bark of the holly tree, but have never heard of a single holly tree in this country. My bird lime is made of pure common linseed oil, (the same as used by our paint- ers). I take two quarts of the raw oil put it in an iron pot or skillet; make a fire in the yard away from the house, to avoid the smell, also to clear of danger of fire. Make a fire under the kettle, and when it gets well boiling, I put well-lighted sticks in the oil setting the oil on fire and let it burn down until there is no more than one- half left. It should be as thick and stringy as tar and about the same color. This con- stitutes the bird lime. When the lime is sufficiently burned down, the pot must be set from off the fire 60 THE YOUNG OOLOGIST. and the fire on the oil inside must be smothered out, by closely laying over the pot a damp piece of old carpet, or any old rag, leaving over closely until the fire is wholly out. When perfectly cool you have the bird lime ready for use. Now the secret how to use it. Manv are of the opinion that bird lime can be plastered on any limb or stick, or any place, and that the birds will come down by the hundreds and stick there until some friends come to their rescue and cage them. This is a vagueimpression. Much depends upon the skill and dexterity of the operator. In the first place I prepare my- self with a dozen or more twigs, from the extreme ends of some hard wood bushes, those that are dead with-out sap (that the oil will stick to them), straight, small twigs about four inches long. Apply the lime to the twigs, and, by laying them together as they lay, twist them one in each thumb and finger, carefully drawing them from each other until the lime is evenly and thinly covered on the twigs; the larger ends should be covered like a wedge. These twigs should be from five to six in- ches in length. Then supply yourself with a straight limb, about as thick as your thumb, with the bark on, but free from any twigs; this can be from two to five feet in height, you must draw your knife through two or three places on different sides of the stick, leaving it so you can place the small twigs into it. Now you have the tools, next is the de- coy bird. If you have a live bird in a small open wire cage, you are all right; if not, you will be under the necessity of first shooting a male bird of any variety you wish to trap; run a small stiff wire wire through him, so he will hold up his head as if alive and standing natural. Or, after you catch a single live bird, of course use him instead, and he will do his own calling. I then go out into the woods, forests or groves, where the variety of birds are which I most desire to catch, and selecting a vacant, clear spot of ground, I get sight of the wild bird or birds, I am after, and set standard by pushing it in the ground, and catch my splints in the stand- ard so very lightiy as barely to hold up its own weight. Then at the foot of the stand- ard I set my decoy bird ; if a dead decoy I have to use my own imitation chirp or whistle, imitating the call or sound of the particular bird that I have set for. (To expedite business I used to go out with some half-dozen varieties of live call birds so when I could see either variety I wonld set for them.) When the trap is properly set I always secrete myself behind a clump of bushes or trees. watching carefully the wild bird as he approaches the decoy. As there is no other bush or limb for him to alight on, except the set twig, he hops first upon one of them and as they are caught in the standard limb very lightly, down goes the twig with the bird stuck fast to it by his feet; and, as he feels the twig giving away he flaps his little wings to arise, but, instead, his wing tips are also caught on the lime twigs, and the bird goes to the ground on his back: Then is the time of excitement ; the trapper must lose no time in running for the bird, catching him before he can release himself from the twig, which he will often do in a moment, as sometimes the twigs stick more fast to the grass than to the bird, and he pulls himself away. I have sometimes been three hours try- ing to catch an oriole, or an indigo, ora red bird, and not then be successful. But when I had live calls I very often caught from four to ten in a single summer after- noon. Of course the trapper must be supplied with a.cage to put his birds in as he catches them; and, to prevent the wild pets from bumping their heads against the wires, I cover the cage with a coarse loose towel or cloth.—Pease’s Feathered World. Sa ae About a score of our friends who ac- cepted the offer made last month, thought we must have forgotten to send them their calliper rule, such was not the case. The demand was greater than we dared antici- pate, and our stock becoming exhausted, caused the delay, We are now using our eighth dozen. DHE YOUNG OOGLOGIST. 61 The Eagle’s Nest. (FOR THE YOUNG OOLOGIST.) On a high precipice overhanging a wild mountain road, in the Coast Range of Northern California, wa sthe nest of a large Golden Hagle. For many years it re- mained unmolested. But alas! the fatal day came. One day in early spring as I was riding along the road, I thought I would try and get the Hagle’s eggs. So the next day I started early for the nest. After two hours hard climbing I reached the top of the precipice, above the nest of the eagle. J sat down under a mountain pine to rest, and try and contrive some way to get to the nest. After looking round for a while I found that by the aid of some roots, I could get down toa platform about ten feet from the nest. This I did and when I got down, I found that I could plainly see the egos from that point. When I looked over the edge of the rock, the eagle flew off the nest with a loud hoarse shriek. On the nest were two eggs, somewhat larg- er than a turkey’s egg, with fine brown spots completely coyering the suface. The nest was a large one the result of many years labor. On top of the nest was an enormous pile of bones, which had been accumulating for years. Here I was, ‘‘so near, and yet so far,” from the nest. I could neither get down to tt from above, nor up to it from below. I was getting ready to go home and leave the eagle un- molested, when I thought I would kill the bird anyhow. On the nest was a dead rat, which the eagle had brought there that morning. By the help of a long pole I succeeded in getting the rat. I had a bottle of poison with me, with this I poisoned the rat, and dropped it back on the nest and then started for home. The next morning I returned provided with a ball of twine, and an old cloth hat. When I got to the nest, 1 found that the eagle had eaten the rat, and met with an nnhappy death and now lay at the bottom of the precipice. I took the hat and cut a hole in each side, and tied the two ends of a long string in each hole. This formed a basket with a long handle. I then dropped the hat on the nest, and with a long pole rolled one egg in and pulled it up, and then, dropped the hat back the second time and served the remaining one the same way. I now for the first time in my life owned two eggs of an eagle. But Iam very sorry to say that Tam without one now, I gave one away and the other took a trip from the table to the floor, and you all khow what is lable to happen to an egg that would take such aleap. It has never been my lot to visit the eagle’s nest since, but if I ever go that way again you shall have a full account of my adventure. JB; 18t5 1 Berkeley, California. Postpoaed. The competition for the 100 valuable presents mentioned on page 50, which we are to give our friends for obtaining subscribers for THE YounG OoLoecist was to close on August 10th, but owing to the fact that many of our larger lists are from the far west, we have concluded not to close the competition until August 20th. Let it be distinctly understood that all names sent us on or before that date shall count toward one of the presents. Up to’ date, July 25th, there has been only one or two persons who have sent us lists numbering over ten names, and not over six persons whose list exceeds four names. You have still two more weeks to work ; Improve your time; remember we give you good pay for your trouble, and if the largest list of subscribers sent us by any one person does not exceed twelve names, the party sending that list shall have our first prize of $25.00 cash. Should the competition close to day, there would not be competitors enough to take all of the 100 prizes offered, and we can almost guarantee every person who sends only two names one of the prizes. A list of the prize winners will be published in the October number of THe Youneé Oonoeist. The prizes will be forwarded to.,the winners about September ist. THE YOUNG OOVOGI Cn Exchanges and Wants. Brief special announcements, ‘t Wants,’ ‘‘Ex- changes,” inserted in this department for 15 cents per 25 words. Notices over 25 words charged at the rate of one-half cent per word. No notice inserted for less than 15 cents. Notices which are merely indirect methods of soliciting cash purchasers cannot be ad- mitted to these colums under any circumstances. Terms, cash with order. E. G. Hartow, Lynn, Mass., will exchange Star- fish, Sea-Urchins, Skate eggs, Ocean Curiosities and Minerals. For Minerals, Stamps, and Coins, list furnished to applicants. Correspondence desired. _H. F. Kramp, Wallinford, Con., wants to exchange side-blown birds eggs with all collectors. Plea-e send your list of duplicates. Cannel, Peacock, and other varieties of Coal ; Sand and Soap-stone, Fire-clay, from Mines here; for Minerals and Coal of U. S. and Canada. Corres- pondence solicited. W. O. MarMApuKe, Washing- ton, Ind. A SMALL PrintING Press :—Hand-inking, (3x43/ inches inside of chase) with one font of fancy Card Type, Chase, Ink-roller, Ink, Furniture, Leads, &c., and 1,000 mixed cards (blank), to exchange for best offer of Bird’s eggs; must be blown from one smoothly drilled hole on side, and in good condition. A. L. STEVENS, P O. Box 242, Claremont, N. H. TuHeEo. CoLeman, Seaforth, Ont., Canada, desires to exchange Birds eggs, Correspondence solicited. A few thousand U. S. & Foreign coppers to exchange for new or second-hand books relating to coins, stamps, natural History & curiosities. Send list. Tuomas W. Denter, 63 Sheriff St., New York. Confederate money, Chinese coins, stamps &c., for coins; 26 Nos. of Standard Library for Nos. of Seaside, &c., Send for list. A. P. Wy.ie, Prairie Center, II. I have fossils from the Lower Siluria, Cincinnati group and trilobites (Calymene Senaria) to exchange for other fossils, minerals etc. Address, BRAINERD B. THRESHER, 128 West 1st Street, Dayton, Ohio. S. S. Owen, North Turner Bridge, Maine, wishes to exchange birds eggs with all collectors. Lists sent upon application. He also wishes new nickels with- out the word cents, and will give cash or eggs in exchange for the same. Correspondence solicited. WANTED to exchange for minerals, curiosities, eggs? coins or stamps, a set of stencils, consisting of 1 set of letters, printers rule 144 inches deep; 1 set 34 inches deep ; 6 brushes, only two used ; 3 small boxes of black ink and sponge ; 2 small boxes of cardinal ink and spongs ; 1 medium box of silver ink and sponge; 2 large boxes of Black ink and sponges ; z large boxes of Cardinal ink and sponges ; the outfit cost $9.25. Please send in your exchange lis: before September 2oth, 1884. Address, W. E. FowLerR, Spartanburg S. C. Wantep—A good Acromatic Telestope, Surveyors Compass, with Vernierand Surveyors chain. Address eS full particulars, to J. E. Winstow, Virgil, WanTED to exchange for Minerals, Natural Coins» or offers, History of New York, in four vols., ove 4,000 pages, with numerous maps and engravings- J. M. Taytor, New Milford, Orange Co., N. Y. Birds eggs, single or in sets, blown through one smoothly drilled hole in the side, to exchange for same. Send list. Address H. W. DavlIs, North Granville, N. Y. C. S. Bourton, Hyde Park, Cook Co., Ill., (Box 65) desires to exchange eggs with other collectors. Please write. L. A. Jupxins, Box 16, Claremont, ENEelen wishes to exchange U. S. Medicine Stamps with other collectors of the same. Please write. I have about 25 varieties of Eggs, blown with one hole, to exchange for same. Southern and west- ern correspondence especially desired. Joun B. RussEL, 95 Belleville Ave., Newark, N. J Birds eggs and general curiosities for exchange. For particulars address, Jos—E R. Curtis, Painted Post, Steuben Co., N.Y. Sets and single eggs to exchange for the same; all first-class. Address, Ros’r Boyp, Jr., Hyde Park, Cook Co., Ill. Medicine stamps to exchange with collectors of the same. Address, L. A. JupKins, Box 16, Claremont, N.H. I have for exchange the eggs of twenty-five species of birds, both rare and common. All first class. Address, W. H. Exiis, Box 423, Vineland, N. J. J. M. Peprim, N. Temescat, Alameda Co., Cal., has Cclifornia minerals, ores, woods, shells, ocean curiosities, and beetles to exchange for offers in minerals, shells, beetles and curiosities generally. Frep E. Dersy, Tilton, N. H., wishes to ex- change Golden Days from March 1882 to May 1884. None are missing, and all are in fine condition, for birds eggs. Write first, stating best offer. A quantity of fine minerals, an upright show case, 5 feet high, and stamps, for first-class eggs, stuffed birds, or Ingersoll’s Birds Nestings. Address, G. B. HoumeEs, 127 W. 2nd St., Indianapolis, Ind. Wisener Hammonp, Shelbyville, Bedford Co., Tennesee, wishes to e9xchadge birds eggs with every collectorin theland. Please write for list. Birds’ eggs, Indian Arrow-heads, Tomahawks, a collection of U.S. and Foreign Stamps for Birds’ Eggs and Revenue Stamps. Gro. W. lripp, Adrian, Mich, A fine collection of Indian relics to dispose of. Write A. A. Lynn, Cornersburgh, Mah. Co., Ohio ExcHANGE—Two Foreign Coins and 140 Foreign Stamps for every New Nickel, without cents. One foreign coin, a large copper cent and 40 foreign stamps for every 3 or 5 centscript. 80 foreign stamps for every copper cent, or half cent. 55 foreign stamps for every eagle nickel cent, or foreign coin, except 1 cent canada. Puit S. Bonney. Little Sioux, Iowa. Wanted Autograph letters of distinguished persons. U. S. Revenues highest cash price paid. List of buying prices of U. S. Coins, Fractional, Colonial and Confederate Gurrency. JAMES S. McHEnry, 208 S. Spruce St., Nashville, Tenn. The Montreal Agassiz Association solicit corres— pondence with collectors and others, regarding the habits, nesting, etc., of our North American birds. Address W. D. SHaw, Sec., and Treas., of Mont- real A. A., 84 St. Peters street, Montreal, Can. Birds’ eggs. JAMES B. GREEN, Boxs549. Des Moines, Iowa. F. M. GatpraituH, Jr., Chester, S. C., is desirous of exchanging Birds’ Eggs with col'ectors. Corres- pondence solicited. Tstib, WONG COLOGISI, 63 10 NAMED, SIDE BLOWN EGGS, 40c. or 100 Foreign Stamps, 5 cents. CARLETON GILBERT, Jacksons Mich. END STAMP for PRICE-LIST of Books, In- struments, Eggs. Shells, Minerals and Curiosi- ties. M. E. NORTON, West Winsted, Conn. PASTE BOARD BOXES made especially for col- lections of all kinds. Two inches square, % inch high, 25 cents per doz. Send stamp for circular. T. J. NEALIS, 511 Washington Ave., St. Louis, Mo. My 24 Page Illustrated Catalogue, containing prices of thousands of Coins, Stamps, “Currency, &c., sent free, with two Silver Plated Medals, for toc. For sale ‘only by W. F. GREANY, 827 Brannan St., San Francisco, Cal. COLLECTORS! Those Cards, Pictures of Barnum’s White Elephant, are in great demand. Only tro cts aset. Handsome Autograph Albums, Cloth, Silver, Ink and Inlay, only 35 cts. Webster’s Illustrated Dictionary, only 30 cts. W. H. WARREN, Somerset, N. Y. GOLD MEDALS. Send 15 Cents in Stamps for a Blaine and Logan Gold or Silver Plated Medal. Address GEO. H. BISHOP, 75 Bolivar St., Rochester, N, Y. PHONETIC SHORTHAND. Osgoodby’s Method for Self-Instruction : W. W. OSGOODBY, Publisher, 69 N. Fitzhugh St., Rochester, N. Y. Nomenclature of North American Birds. Ridgway’s Smithsonian check-list. Every collector of birds or eggs should have a copy. Price 35 cents. Ingersoll’s Birds’-Nesting. A handbook of instructions in gathering and pre- serving the nests and eggs of birds for purposes of study. 1vol.,12mo. Cloth $1.25. FARM FOR SALE. The subscriber has a farm of 55 acres good im- proved land, in Western New York—the Farmer’s paradise—buildings, orchards, and location first-class. This farm is well adapted for almost any of the various branches of farming. Correspondence solic- ited from parties desiring to locate in Western New York. For information and full particulars, address FARMER, Care of Frank H. Lattin, Gaines, N. Y. MINERAL Curiosities & Specimens From the Rocky Mountains. D. C. WOODERD, Manufacturer and Wholesale Dealer in ALL KINDS OF MINERAL GURIOMTIES, 351 Rogers Street, DENVER, COLORADO. LIST OF CURIOSITIES MANUFACTURED: Clocks, Jewel Caskets, Ink Stands, Horse Shoes, Crosses, Photo Frames, Pin Cushions, Paper Weights, Compass and Square, Anchors, Kitcmntes ' All of the above goods are made up of from twenty to thirty-five varieties of Minerals and Petrifications. STUDENTS COLLECTION Of twenty-eight Minerals, Ores and Petrifi- cations, which include Gold Ore, Silver Ore, Lead Ore, Peacock Ore, Copper Ore, Iron Pyrites, Fluor Spar, Arazonite, Moss Agate, Moss Jasper, Wood Jasper, Wood Opal, Chal- cedonz, Fortification Agate, Petrified Cedar Wood, Crystalized Palm Wood, Quartz Crystal, Rose Quartz, Rock Crystal, Smoky Quartz, Forest Rock, Alabaster, Pink Satin White Satin Spar, Selenite, Rhamb Spar, Amazon Stone. correctly labeled. begin the study of Minerology should have one. Sent, post paid, by mail, for $1.00. D. C. WOODERD, 851 Rogers Street, DENVER, COLORADO. Spar, Iceland Spar, Each specimen Every one who wishes to Send for Price-list of Mineral Curiosities. 64 THESVOUNG -OGLOGisi: THand-Book of the Avassiz Association [ SECOND EDITION. | This is the only book that contains full instructions in every deparrment of Natural History. . It has directions for collecting and preserving Flowers, Ferns, Seaweed, and woods; for the capture and mounting of Moths, Butterflies, Beetles, and other insects; for the shooting, skin- ning and stuffing of birds; for the collection and mounting of Minerals ; for building a Cabi- net; for organizing a Society, with rules of Parliamentary Law; directions for conducting exchanges, and preparing packages for the mail. It contains a Classified List of the most reliable dealers in all sorts of Naturalists’ supplies. It gives a Classified List of the best Books, Magazines and Papers in each department. It gives a full history of the A. A., and directions for becoming a member, or forming a local branch of that large organization, that now numbers over 7,000. It has the addresses of all the Chapters of the A. A. It is fully and Handsomely Illustrated, is Bound in Cloth and Gold. AND IS SOLD FOR THE VERY LOW PRICE OF 50c. ( Postage, 4c extra.) All orders must .be addressed to HARLAN H. BALLARD, Principal of Lexox Academy, LENOX, MASS (Stamps will be received, but not Postal Notes: ) ("Please mention that you saw this advertisement in THE YouNnG Oo tocist. THEM NEW -KBY TO Worth American Birds, Is now ready for delivery, and contains a concise account of every species of living and Fossil Bird at present known on the Continent north of the boundary line between Mexico and the United States, including Greenland. SECOND EDITION, REVISED TO DATE AND ENTIRELY REWRITEN’ WITH WHICH ARE INCORPORATED GENERAL ORNITHOLOGY :—An outline of the structure and classifi- cation of birds; and FIELD ORNITHOLOGY:—A manual of collecting, preparing and pre- serving birds. By ELLIOTT COUES, M. A., M.D., Pu. D., Member of the National Academy of Sciences, &c. PROFUSELY ILLUSTRATED. The original edition of this Standard Text Book of Ornithology being entirely out of print, and still very much in demand, the publishers have spared neither pains nor expense in the preparation of ‘* THE NEW KEY,” in which the whole subject is carefully brought down to date. Coues’s ‘Key ”’ is to well known os a leading and authorative treatise to require remark, having for twelve years held its place as the Standard work of Reference for professional ornithologists, as well as for students and amateurs. For complete prospectus of this work, see YouNG OotoaisT, No. 1, page 12. The work is fully indexed with several thousand entries. Price complete in one stout volume, Royal Octavo, Vellum Cloth, $10 Royal Ortavo, Library Sheep, $11.50 Royal Octavo, Half Morocco, Extra, $13.50 : Orleans County. TRAN et WATE IONS (Gaus, INS YW, Mi 4 @) NE i ae me 7 WY ay a) SGN Cr ey N QS ~ Sv : TaN EIN EAN CAN CAN CH 50c. Per YEAR. Vol. it: No. 5. GAINES, N. yt SEPT., 1884. eae oe MonrTuty, ADVERTISEMENTS. In answering advertisements, always meniion THE YOUNG OOLOGIST. 1884 SUMMER. 1884 Some New Cards and Novelties. THE BELLS. These are as four pretty Cards as I ever sent out for the money, 5c. The sale of these cards is already immense. CARD No. 63. Four large handsome cards. They will cost you but 6c for the four. You will pay 5c. each for the same card at the book-stores. CARD No. 71. If you order No. 63, don’t fail to order these four handsome cards, same price as the others, 6c for the set. CARD No. foo. Don’t tail to send for this new set of Cards, if you never buy another card. Only 5 cents. NEW FRENCH CARDS. I have 8 or 10 new designs in French Cards. If you order a 50c collection and want quality, you will get your money’s worth in these elegant cards. SCRAP PICTURES. The Finest Line of Scrap Pictures I ever had in stock. Perhaps you have sent to other dealers for scrap pictures and been disappointed, not in quantity but in quality. My scraps are imported and are fine, 25c buys a nice collection, but 5c gives you some that are elegant. Very Respectfully, A. G. BASSETT, Rochester, N. Y. STAMPS AND COINS. GosVianieties Horeigm Stamps. ccc ccc osc se 10c too Varieties Foreign Stamps.........---. sseee 22C 766) Wiieecl Noro stein ssc soe sosaeneeGsosoononer 5c TooopMiixeduHoreien) StampSicce\e-ciecc: cielee +e a= 40C 3 Claimese CoOinGacoo acob00us00 dooons ub OOG6enEned oD 15c 6 Varieties| Foreign Coins... 26.20. --.00.2--.-- + +256 a2 Wemie@es lerotemn (Cotas cso cbosneoounoso DEOnee 50c Or will send all or the above by return mail, for GU‘Y onco cas noDacd bobo OSOaCoaUBADOe SUeA NaS $1.20 All orders filled promptly. Satisfaction guaranteed. Address, JOHN GALLAHER, Gaines, N. Y. COLLECTORS! Those Cards, Pictures of Barnum’s White Elephant, are in great demand. Only 10 cts aset. Handsome Autograph Albums, Cloth, Silver, Ink and Inlay, only 35 cts. Webster’s Illustrated Dictionary, only 30 cts. W. H. WARREN, Somerset, N. Y. GOLD MEDALS. Send 15 Cents in Stamps for a Blaine and Logan Gold or Silver Plated Medal. Ad¢ress GEO. H. BISHOP, 75 Bolivar St., Rochester, N, Y. FOR SALE. Mazan Creek Fossils, consisting of Ferns, Plants, Fish remains, Crawfish, Insects, Bugs, Flies, Cater- pillars, etc. Choice collections of these fossils from $1 00 to $100 oo, Sent to any part of the world. Sat- isfaction guaranteed. The Mazan Creek Fossils are the finest in the world. For further information, address Tel, 1O)-> Tati. Morris, Ills. STAM Agents, Novelty Dealers and Col- lectors. make Big Pay selling our UBBER goods. Circulars and terms FREE. 144 Page Catalogue mailed for lic. Cc. J. CONOLLY & CO., Rochester, N. Y. OUR SPECIALTY ——— Low Prices andGood Work. We do all kinds of Job Printing, in the latest and best styles, at bottom prices. Data Blanks, Naturalists’ Labels, Cards, Note Heads, Envelopes, Tags, Price Lists, &c. Printed to order with Neatness and dispatch. Send us copy, or write us what you want, and get our prices before giving orders elsewhere. We will save you money. Address A. M. EDDY, West Kendall, N. Y. 66 THE MOUNGEOOLOGISI: Lippincott’s Magazine FOR SEPTEMBER, NOW READY, CONTAINS: Personal Reminiscences of Charles Reade. Second Paper. By Joux COLEMAN. Not His Deliberate Choice. A Story. By CEeiia P. WOOLLEY. Gossip from the English Lakes. By AMELIA, BARR. The American of the Future. WARD C. BRUCE. By Epb- Bohemian Antipodes. By MARGARET BERTHA WRIGHT, At the Maison Dobbe. CHARLES DUNNING. A Story. By A Summer Trip to Alaska. HARRISON, By JAMEs A. Delacroix and Shakespeare. By THEO- DORE CHILD. Also a continuation of the Charming Serial Story, A Week in Killarney, by the author of ‘‘Molly Bawn,’’ ‘ Phyllis,’’ etc., and sev- eral chapters of Mary AGNES TINCKER’s Serial, Aurora, with frontispiece illustration. Together with other Short Stories, Poems, and Articles of interest upon Current Topics. FOR SALE BY ALL NEWSDEALERS. 25 cents per Copy. J. B. LIPPINCOTT & CO., Publishers, 715 and 717 Market St., Philadelphia. NOTICE. Owing to protracted illness I am breaking $3 per Annum. un my entire private collection of U.S. and Foreign Stamps, Revenues, etc., Post Cards, Confederate “Bills, Minerals, Fossils, Petrifac- tions, Indian} Relics, etc. Sheets of stamps sent on approval on receipt of postage. Nine kinds of rare lowa Minerals (1 by 1, labelled) for 25c.; 2 by 2 specimens Ioc. each; perfect arrow heads 4 to 10c. each; large specimens of gold ore 15c. each. List of any of the above for 2c. stamp for postage. Address JAMES C2 Avs La Hoyt, Henry Co., Iowa. PHONETIC SHORTHAND. Osgoodby’s Method for Self-Instruction : W. W. OSGOODBY, Publisher, 69 N. Fitzhugh St., Rochester, N. Y. MIN ER AL Curiosities & Specimens From the Rocky Mountains. D. C. WOODERD, Manufacturer and Wholesale Dealer in ALL RINDS OF MINERAL CURIOSITIES, 351 Rogers Street, DENVER, COLORADO. LIST OF CURIOSITIES MANUFACTURED : Clocks, Jewel Caskets, Ink Stands, Horse Shoes, Crosses, Photo Frames, Pin Cushions, Paper Weights, Compass and Square, Anchors, Etc., Etc. All of the above goods are made up of from twenty to thirty-five varieties of Minerals and Petrifications. STUDENTS COLLECTION Of twenty-eight Minerals, Ores and Petrifi- cations, which include Gold Ore, Silver Ore, Lead Ore, Peacock Ore, Copper Ore, Iron Pyrites, Fluor Spar, Arazonite, Moss Agate, Moss Jasper, Wood Jasper, Wood Opal, Chal- cedonz, Fortification Agate, Petrified Cedar Wood, Crystalized Palm Wood, Quartz Crystal, Rose Quartz, Rock Crystal, Smoky Quartz, Forest Rock, Alabaster, Pink Satin Spar, White Satin Spar, Selenite, Iceland Spar, Rhamb Spar, Amazon Stone. Each specimen correctly labeled. Every one who wishes to begin the study of Minerology should have one. Sent, post paid, by mail, for $1.00. D. C. WOODERD, 851 Rogers Street, DENVER, COLORADO. Send for Price-list of Mineral Curiosities. 1 ps named, Side-blown Eggs by return mail, post- Paid for only 50c . McCOLLUM, Twin ‘luis, Wts. EVERY COLLECTOR Can obtain a Fine Silk, Handkerchief for 25c. Ad- dress GEO.2 H. WILKINSON, Crystal Springs, Miss. A. E. SOUTHWORTH &CO. Are offering Great Bargains in Minerals of all Kinds, Especially Hot Spring Crystals and Western Mineral Collections. Send for list. Address A. E. SOUTHWORTH,& CO., Woodstock, McHenry Co. ; THE YOUNG OOLOGIST WolhicyNo: 5. GAINES, N. Y., SEPT. 1884. { { PusrisHED MonTHLy. 50c. PEk YEAR. BIRD-NESTING. Pursuit of Novelties in Eggs and Birds—The System Most in Vogue. The San Francisco Call says: There are at present on this coast two gentlemen whose names are widely known through- out the world to persons who are interes- ted in the subject of ornithology. Others there are among our population who have devoted more or less time to ornithilogical research, but there are none whose labors and collections will compare favorably with those of the two students referred to. Perhaps the more noted of two is Capt. Charles E. Bendire, of the United States army, for his collection of birds’ eggs is the largest and most complete private collec- tion in the Union, and is one for which Har- vard College offered $10.000 some time ago. Capt. Bendire, who is at present stationed in Washington Territory, has pursued his scientific hobby for many years, and has been greatly aided in the gathering of his remarkable collection, and by the roving nature of his profession; and by the kindly aid of brother officers, many of whom have added to his store whenever oppor- tunity offered. The other collection on the Pacific coast, that is second in impor- tance only to Capt. Bendire’s, is that of Mr. William C. Flint, a lawyer of this city. Mr. Flint’s collection embraces 2.500 bird- skins, between 800 and 900 nests, and not less than 10,000 eggs, while it includes about 600 varieties of North American birds, 100 different species of nests, and nearly 500 species of North American eggs, in perfect clutches—a clutch, be it under- stood, meaning the complete number of eggs laid by the same bird for a single hatching. ROBBING BIRDS’ NESTS. Every boy has been a nest-robber in his day, and every man looks back to that day as among the pleasantest of his life, so when a reporter met Mr. Flint yesterday afternoon the idea struck him that an inter- esting article might be made upon bird- nesting for scientific purposes, and he asked for an interview on the subject. ““T don’t care,” said the reporter, ‘‘ for a lot of techical terms that nobody but a naturalist will understand, but would like to hear the story how you came to go a-nesting so long after school days, and when you had settled down to the sober realities of legal practice.” Mr. Flint went on to say that eight years ago, he was an invalid, and in looking for a pleasing out door recreation as a means of restoring his shattered health, he sud- denly remembered the happy hours passed in boyhood while bird-nesting among the woods and meadows, and at the same in- stant decided upon his future course of ex- ercise. His interest in the subject was ex- cited from the start, and it has never flagged for an instant since then, but has grown deeper and deeper with each suc- ceeding year of study. “No you want to know how I collect, and what I do with my specimens? Well, Tlltell you. In the first place I start out with the desire to find a certain class of birds and eggs, and direct my journey to a point where I think they ought to be found. This localizing of their homes is done by our own study of the characteris- tics of birds, and by correspondence with those those who have studied their habits elsewhere. For instance, I will say that Hooded Orioles are to be found in’such and such exposures, as far north as Los Angeles, but that a few miles north of that latitude they never exist. Therefore, when in search of those birds I will go south of Los Angeles, and explore the haunts which are suited to their habits. 68 TEE, YOUNGACOMS GiIsiy When the desired locality has been reached I often start to the field of pleasant labor by daybreak and rarely get back to my own nest until after nightfall. My rig con- sists of an easy shooting suit, a capital No. 12 gun, a belt full of cartridges, loaded with varying amounts of powder and with seven or eight different sizes of shot, a fish basket for the birds, a game bag for nests, a tin box, twelve inches by six, and divid- | ed by pasteboard into small compartments for single eggs, and, if there is timberwork to be done, a pair of climbing irons. The top and bottom of the egg box is lined with felt to prevent breakage, and the nests are tied around with thread to keep them in shape. On returning to head- quarters I skin my birds, after a careful study and noting of their external pecu- | liarities, and then make a thorough study of their anatomical structure, preserving the skeleton of new or rare specimens or of any that show differences of build from others of their kind. The skins, of course, are doctored with arsenic and laid away. | By drilling a tiny hole in their sides I empty the eggs of their contents with the aid of a small blow-pipe, except in the case of their holding embryos, when | destroy the shell and preserve the embryo in spirits. WHEN A NEST HAS BEEN FOUND I never take it until the full complement of eggs has been laid, visiting it day after day until this fact is accomplished. Then I shoot both of the parent birds, sometimes waiting two or three days before I can secure them both. By this means I get the entire family, and by my constant watching during the days past have learned every feature of the breeding process of this species. By the way, there is a speci- men here that I brought down yesterday to show a gentleman. In this case I failed to get the male bird, as I was only out for a days run trom the city, and as the species was not rare enough to compensate me for a lengthy delay. Ah! here’s the box. This is the skin, you see, and in an excel- lent state of preservation. You’ll notice how this arrangement of almost invisible thread has kept the nest in shape, and now, in each of these four rolls of raw cotton we'll find a dainty little egg —pretty, aren't they? On this slip of paper you'll find how I mark my collection. I will explain the figures as you read along. ‘ No. 170 A. That is the number of the species in the ‘ornithological catalogue. ‘ Name— Crimson House Finch. Collected by Wil- liam C. Flint. Locality, Alameda County. Date, April 27, 1879. Set SO—4.’ That means there are four eggs, on each of which | have marked with a lead pencil the letters 8 O. I have different letters for the eggs of each clutch, so that they can- not by accident be confused with others. The slip continues, ‘Identity female ; fiushed —shot when flushed from her nest, that is. ‘Incubation, progressed. Nest composed exclusively of dry grasses (preserved with set). Situated on a small horizontal limb of a live oak tree—three and a half feet from trunk, seventeen feet from ground, on the south side of a wood- ed bill.’ irom that slip, you see, a brother student may learn a good many particulars about that bird, with her nest and eggs, while to me it recalls every circumstance of their finding. That lot is KEPT FOR EXCHANGE, but you can have them, if you will ; and I will say, at this point, that eastern people are very eager to exchange with us out here, as there are not only many birds that are peculiar to this coast, but also as the nests here, owing to our climate, are more fragile in build and contain less material than the nests of eastern birds of the same species, while in almost every instance Pacific coast eggs of the same species are lighter in color than the eastern ones, and some varieties of birds lay fewer eggs here than in the east. In some cases this last fact holds good also between the southern and northern portions of this State, as there are birds, for instance, that lay only three eggs in the neighborhood of San Diego, while the same birds always lay four eggs in the latitude of San Francisco. “Don’t let me get to describing differ- ences, etc., or you will find yourself lost ; Ie YOUNG ina labyrinth of technicalities, and I un- | derstand you want to avoid that sort of thing in your article. You must not get a mistaken idea, however, that this collect- ing of mine is all play and no hard work, for I can assure you that very often the work is greatly in excess of the play. The equable temperature and bright skies of California are favorable to the collector’s comfort, but even here a man has his seri- ous trials at times. Nothing can be more charming in the way of outdoor pleasure in such a climate as ours than watching for hour after hour the habits of birds who have grown unconscious of your presence ; and especially is this the case during the mating and breeding seasons, when one can discover ALL THE PECULIARITIES OF MAN, except some of our worst ones, photo- graphed in feathered miniature. On the other hand, youd find some of my ex- | periences anything but a joy. How would you have liked, for example, to have been with me for three weeks among the swamps of Tulare County, where I was hunting for marsh birds, and where I was almost de- voured by mosquitoes and had to boil every drop of water before I dared to drink it? Then, again, I think you would scarcely have enjoyed a trip I made last winter into the Volcan Mountains, some seventy-five miles from San Diego. We reached our point, about 6,000 feet above the sea, on the 22nd of January, were caught in the great storm of the 24th and were kept in those mountains almost with- out shelter, and very near starvation point, for days at a time, until the 2nd of April. Between snow, rain and fog the outlets from the mountains became impassable, and I and my assistant were imprisoned for more than two months. Our collec- tions amounted to very little, and our dis- comforts were the most acute I have ever experienced, as during almost the entire time our every rag of clothing was saturat- ed with water, and our food was of the most meagre and unpalatable description. It must be confessed, however, that out here such unpleasant excursions are on ex- OOLOGIST. 69 ception to the rule, and that there is scarcely another place on the globe where a naturalist can combine such agreeable results in the way of comfort and of trea- sures to be found. I could talk to you for hours on this subject, but having already overstaid my time, I must really ask you to excuse me.”’ - Ge The Night-hawk. This is another of our western birds, and is noctural in its habits, and is often heard far into the night. The male of the Night- Hawk is frequently seen toward evening mounting in the air by several quick movements of the wings, then a few slower, uttering all the while a sharp, harsh squeak, till, having gained the highest point, he suddenly dives head foremost and with great rapidity down sixty or eighty feet, wheeling up again as suddenly, and making at the same time a loud boom- ing sound, which is probably caused by his suddenly opening his capacious mouth as he passes rapidly through the air. This bird makes no nest at all, but selects a bare spot for the purpose of incubating their eggs. In most cases rocky and barren hills are chosen for this purpose, sometimes in cornfields between the rows. I have often taken sets of eggs from slight hollows on the top of large boulders. The number of eggs in a set is two; I never saw more; the ground color is of a light brown, with large spots of umber distrib- uted evenly over theegg. The Night-hawk is a migratory bird, and arrives in Kansas about the 12th of May, and leaves during the latter part of August or forepart of September. GaakeBe Beattie, Kansas. ~~ Notes from Marshall Co., Kansas. > Some years ago “‘Swallow-tailed Kites ” were plenty here, but now there are none, Shrikes and Yellow-headed blackbirds are plentiful here, but as soon as the breeding season nears they all leave. The first nest I found this season was that of a song sparrow on the 25th of March. - Cie thy dBi, 7O THE YOUNG OOLOGIST. Correspondence. BLACK-CAPPED CHICKADEE, J. R. M., WALLINGFORD, CoONN., says: “T notice your list of sets of eggs you quote Chickadees as laying 7-8. I have found two nests this year, the first con- taining 8, and the second 9. The latter was the most elegant nest I have ever seen; it was made in a large chestnut stump about six feet high.” BLUE-JAY AND BROWN THRUSH. We have received the following in an_ swer to the inquiry of R., in the July is- sue. C. H. A., Taunton, Mass., says: I should say that five was quite an unusual set for the Brown Thrush. I have found a great number of these nests, and never but twice have I found a nest containing five eggs. These were all distinguished for the few spots and light color. The spots formed a ring around the crown and were almost black in shade. J. S. B., Quincy, Ill., writes : Please let R., of Norwich, Conn., know that his sets of Blue Jay and Brown Thrush are not unusually large. W. H., Shelbyville, Tenn., mentions that he has found five and six Blue-jay eggs several times, and twice the nests of the Brown Thrush, each containing five eggs. Z. P.8., Warrington, Fla., writes: ‘I have found seven nests of the Thrush this year, all of which except three contained five eggs. They lay four eggs much oftener than they do five, I think. BITTERN. In the July number you say that the bird commonly called ‘‘Shite Poke” is the Green Heron. There are birds in this vicinity called ‘‘ Shite Poke.” They are about two feet long, have long legs and neck, and are of a dusty yellow color, spotted with brown. Is ‘‘Green Heron” the proper name for this bird ? W. B. H., Milwaukee, Wis. The bird which you describe is the Am- erican Bittern. This bird is commonly called ‘‘ Stake-driver”’ in the east. DATA BLANKS. E. T. A., of New York city, writes: “At some time, in THE YOUNG OOLOGIST 2 a will you not give the method of filling out a data blank when one or more eggs of the set have been broken, in blowing or other- wise ? In other words, should you put down as the number of eggs in the set, the number of eggs actually laid, or only the number of eggs you have managed to save? Ifthe former, should there not be some way of stating on the blank that some of the eggs are wanting? An answer will, I have no doubt, be of use to readers of THE Younc Oo.oeist other than myself.” In giving the number of eggs in a set when filling a data blank always put down the number of eggs actually laid by the bird; should any of the eggs become broken the fact should be noticed on the margin of the blank. Usually there is space enough left after the description of the nest for any additional ‘‘ remarks” or items of interest. ROSE-BREASTED GROSBEAK. Epiror oF YOUNG OOLOGIST : DEAR Srr,—I found the nest of a bird a few weeks ago that I cannot name. The female is a dark brown, somewhat similar to the female of the Red-winged Black-bird and about the same size. The male is a little smaller than the Robin, back and head a dark brown, belly white and the breast white, covered with red spots, and around the neck a red collar. There were three eggs in the nest and of the size of the Cat-bird. The nest was on an apple tree, made of fine sticks and similar to a Robin’s nest. WX, ale VAY 3. Battle Creek, Mich. Your nest was that of the Rose-breasted Grosbeak. UNSPOTTED EGGS OF THE CHIPPING SPARROW, ETC. C. H. A., Taunton, Mass., writes: ‘‘1 want to know if any of the readers of THE Youne Oonoetst have ever found a set of the Chipping Sparrow without a_ spot. Such was my case. In 1881 I found a set of four eggs in an orchard tree. The eggs averaged about the same as those given in Minot’s book for that bird. I have also found one more egg near the same locality without spots, which probably shows that the same bird lays plain eggs. I have found a Red-eyed Vireo’s egg with but one single splash of brownish black. I once found a set of Bridge Pewee’s eggs with the ends thickly covered with spots. > Red-shouldered Hawk. (Buteo lineatus.) (FOR THE YOUNG OOLOGIST. ) This bird is a rather common resident of Massachusetts throughout the year. It is the most noisy of its family, during spring especially, when it would be difficult to ap- proach a large piece of woods without hearing its shrill ery, ‘“‘ Ka-hee, ka-hee,” as it is seen sailing in rapid circles at a very great height above the trees. At the approach of spring this species begins to pair. This happens about the first of April. The top of a tall tree seems to be preferred to any other place for a nest. The nest is a bulky affair built of sticks and twigs and lined with feathers, moss and the inner bark of the chestnut. The nest is quite often of sufficient bulk to fill a bushel basket. I have found several nests of this hawk. Some of them were not over fifteen feet from the ground ; others from forty to fifty. This bird lays three and four eggs, but sometimes only two. Theeggs vary a great deal both in color and markings. In some the ground color is a dirty white and marked with large blotched lines and dots of amber brown of various shades, from quite light to dark. Others are covered with faint dots of purple and lilac, and look as if they had received a thin coat of whitewash over the dots. And still others are of a dirty yellowish white color, without spots or marks of any kind. The average dimen- sions of several specimens is 2 by 1 11-16 inches. They are usually laid about the 20th of April. in Massachusetts. C. D. Paruures, Dighton, Mass. WE THE YOUNG OOLOGiIsi: THE YOUNG OOLOGIs! EDITED AND PUBLISHED MONTHLY — BY — FRANK H. LATTIN, GAINES, N. Y. Correspondence and items of interest to the OOLo- Gist, and Specimen and Curiosity collectors solicited from all. Terms of Subscription. 50 cents per annum. Single Subscription = = 5 cents each. Sample Copies, = 6 = The above rates include postage. Rare Specimens will be offered, from time to time, at aslight advance on regular rates, to induce persons | to subscribe. Terms of Advertising. Single insertion, 20 cents per line, nonpareil. 1 mo. 3 mo. 6 mo. 1 yr. Five lines, 1 00 2 50 4 00 6 00 One inch, 2 00 5 00 8 00 12 00 J-2 column, 7 00 17 50 28 06 42 00 il ee 13 00 32 50 52 00 78 00 One page, 25 00 62 50 100 00 150 00 Advertisements under five lines, charged one line | | extra. Yearly advertisements payable quarterly in advance. No deviation in any case from the above | rates. Remittances should be made by draft on New York ; money order or postal note payable at Gaines, N. Y.; or by registered letter. Unused U. S. postage stamps of any denomination will be accepted for sums under one dollar. Addrcss all subscriptions and communications to THE YOUNG OOLOGIST, Gatnes, Orleans Co., N. Y. (@" Make money orders and drafts payable to FRANK H. LATTIN. nS JOTTINGS. The October number of THE YOUNG | OoLoGIsT promises to be very interesting. The page ot ‘‘Queries Answered” has | been necessarily omitted from this number. T. D. Perry, Savannah, Ga., has found | several nests of the Bachman’s Finch. W.H. B., Lebanon, Ohio, says he has | been ‘‘out west,” and there ‘‘ Partridge” means ‘‘ Prairie Chicken”; the Common Quail is also frequently called ‘‘Partridge.” T. B. H., Sherwood, N.Y., sends us an interesting story of his capture of a Mot- tled Owl and twelve eggs, which he ob- tained by removing the eggs as they were deposited In the nest. E. 8. C., Huron, D.T., wishes to know if it iscommon for Mallard and Ruddy Ducks to lay in the same nest, and says he has found a nest containing 8 Mallard eggs - and 8 of the Ruddy. Theeggs were fresh. L. M. Davies, Newburgh, O., has found a nest of the Savannah Sparrow, containing two eges of the owner and two of the Cow- bird. He wishes the opinion of others as to whether the set is complete or not. L. M. 8., Newburgh, Cuyahoga Co., O., sends his receipt for mending cracked eggs. It is to hold the eggs firmly together and brush them with collodion. He gives The Collector credit for first calling his attention to the fact. L. G. 8., Schuyler’s Lake, N.Y., writes that his brother found a young Robin who had not its eyes open. He put the bird in a Pewee’s nest, in which there were eggs not hatched. The old bird fed the Robin, who now rules the roost and sits on the young Pewees, four in number. W. E. H., Jr.. Winston, N.C., inquires the number of eggs the Logcock (Pileated wood-pecker) lays in aset. He thinks six, as none of the nests he has found have ex- ceeded that number except one, which he found near Farmville, Va., containing eight. F. P., Lake City, Minn., has found two Barred Owls’ nests this year, not more than 200 feet apart. The first nest was in a birch tree about 75 feet from the ground, and contained one egg, which he left for a set. . The second contained five eggs. The owls were very savage. The nest was made of sticks. and lined with feathers of the Ruffled Grouse. He returned to the place in about a week to secure the set which had one egg, but when he was within a few feet of the nest a Flying Squirrel ran out of the nest, and on looking at it the nest contained but a few crumbled egg- shells. He inquires if any of our readers have ever known of the Flying Squirrel eating eggs. ibe VOUNG “OOLOGIST, ome the months of Sonimber fea | October we will send THE Youne Oo1o- GIsT one year and any one of the following works, post-free, for only 95 cents : Arabian Nights. Sketch Book. Tom Brown’s School Days. Don Quixote. East Lynne. Dickens’ (Charles) History of England. Robinson Crusoe. 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea. Ivanhoe. Willy Reilly. ulliver’s Travels and Baron Munchau- sen. Swiss Family, Robinson. Thaddeus of Warsaw. Paul and Virginia Parselas, and Vicar of Wakefield. Grimms’ Popular Tales. Tour of the World in, Eighty Days. Ballard’s Hand-book of the Agassiz As- sociation. All of the above works are handsomely bound in cloth and gold, and, with the ex- ception of the last, contain from three or four hundred to over six hundred pages each. EAP ae Salt: lake City, writes that during a recent trip on Great Salt Lake he collected eggs of the White Pelican and the California Gull. J. W., Paw-Paw, Mich., says he has found a Warbling Vireo nest lined with a Sunday school lesson leaf. This speaks well for the morals of Paw-Paw birds, but not so for the boys who are so careless with their Sunday school papers. H. A. H.. Berkely, Cal.—-This corres- pondent says that in the nest of a Red Shafted Flicker he found three Flicker’s eggs. He took two, leaving one. The next day he found three deposited in the same nest. He took them, and going next day found two more. This leads him to believe that two Flickers sometimes use the same nest, The Pantano for the 100 prizes offered for obtaining subscribers by the publisher of Tar Youne Ooxoaist closed August 20th. Every person who sent us only a single subscriber will receive a prize. The ten best prizes will be award- ed as follows : . John T. Nientimp, Rochester, N.Y. . H. W. Hayford, North Conway,N.H. H. W. Davis, North Granville, N.Y. Geo. W. Tripp, Adrian, Mich. T. H. Spaulding, Albion, N.Y. Geo. Phillips, Sterling, Ils. Ned. K. Swigart, Toledo, O. C. E. Stowe, Ashburnham, Mass. . A. M. Shields, Los Angeles, Cal. 10. Charles Cook, Syracuse, N.Y. The above parties sent us clubs ranging from four to about thirty subscribers each. Cc White Pelican. Our collector at Minneapolis, from whom we expected to receive a large number of White Pelican eggs, writes us that he has been unable to procure any. He says that Devil’s Lake, Dakota, where the birds are usually very plentiful, is this year deserted by them. . Last season eggs were easily ob- tainable, one man getting over a barrel of them. The Pelicans were certainly a beau- tiful feature of the lake. When there last summer I saw a large flock of them, per- haps several thousand. As the steamer neared them the engineer blew the whistle and they all flew. Thesky was white with them for a space the length of four hun- dred feet or more at a height of perhaps seventy-five feet. Where the birds have gone is a mystery. eg ee ee Our Catalogue. Our new catalogue is now partially printed, but we will not again attempt to name any definite time when it will be ready for delivery, but can assure our friends who have already purchased a copy that it will be forwarded them as soon as we can get it from the binder. As we gave our printer the copy nearly a month ago, we feel somewhat inclined to ‘‘saddle” the cause of the delay upon him, ot Rg to SS Co ou Es 74 THE (YOUNG GOO OGISiy A RARA AVIS. “The Sealskin-bird,” ‘ Monkey-faced Owl.” (?) We find space for the following which several friends have clipped for us : Mr. Henry Torstadt, who resides upon Eleventh, between Maple street and Broad- way, Lousville, Ky., is the possessor of the strangest living creature ever seen. Mr. Torstadt has already been offered $100 for the’bird repeatedly, and has invariably refused it.. Several ornithologists and nat- uralists in the east and one in Chicago, * upon finding they could not buy it, have notified Mr. Torstadt that they intend com- ing to Louisville to see what they believe to be the missing link, between the bird and beast creation. Mr. Ross says the bird, though ouly a short time in the pos- session of Mr. Torstadt, has become so famous in Louisville that it is visited daily by hundreds of people, many of whom are ladies. From the ladies it got the name of ‘‘ the seal skin bird.” Mr. Ross says it was shot in the left wing, fell to the ground and was captured by Mr. Torstadt’s brother-in-law, while hunting near Louis- ville. It is about the size of a hen, but has a monkey-shaped face with a beak like no other bird that has ever been seen. The beak is very short and shovel-shaped, and has a destructive capacity beyond that of a bald eagle. The talons are exactly like those of an eagle, and the wings measure four feet nine inches from tip to tip. The legs are perfectly straight and without joint, and about nine inches long. It is the body of the bird however that attracts the most attention. This is covered with fur instead of feathers, and the hair is about the length of that on a sealskin after it is dressed to make a lady’s sack with. It is of a dark brown color, but somewhat lighter than seal-brown. The wings are covered with fur, commencing at the body but feathers being farther on, and the end feathers on the wing are as long as those of an ordinary-sized bald eagle The bird lives on raw beef and English Sparrows, and nothing delights it so much as to have an opportunity to catch, tear and devour a lot of sparrows. It has already become quite domesticated and a great pet with the ladies who declare it is to lovely for anything. Our friends wish our opinion in regard to the above. In reply, would say that the following article from the Ornithologist and Oologist may throw some light on the subject : ““MONKEY-FACED OWLS.” Enclosed please find a photograph of a pair of Owls which have been on exhibi- - tion here for two or three weeks. The Owner says they are the only pair in the United States of North America, and are native birds of Tartary. The photo is a very fair representation. He calls them ‘‘ Monkey-faced Owls.” The bill proper is very small, but the mouth extends almost to the eyes. Eyes, as near as I could see, were very small. Iris dark hazel. Back dark brown, marked very finely, breast speckled with brown, bill blackish, crown finely mottled, no tufts, tarsi long. Two pair were taken at the fort at St. Augus- tine, Florida, last February. One pair was bought for some scientific institute in Ohio, butescaped. P.T. Barnum, the man says, offered him $500, but he refused. If they are American birds they are a cross of Barn Owl and something else.— W. P. Tarrant, Saratoga. A specimen of the ‘‘Monkey-faced Owl,” a rare bird, was recently captured by Cap- tain Pitts, of Orlando, Fla., in the Ever- glades. Itis described as being somewhat smaller than the Hooting Owl. The plum- age has the soft, furry texture of the owl family, but a tinge of orange enters into the color. The head and face are those of a baboon, the face being white, while the eyes are much smaller than those of an owl of the same size, coal-black and some- what almond-shaped, opening and closing with lids like those of ananimal. In fact, they more nearly resemble the eyes of an otter than a bird.—Fz. > The Turkey Buzzard. (FOR THE YOUNG OOLOGIST.) I suppose this will not be new to you, but I thought I would tell you a little of my study of the Turkey Buzzard. Yes- terday I happened to look out of my win- dow and saw on the church on the corner Tie YOUNG TOOLOGIST. 75 of the square about twenty Turkey Buz- zards. As I had not seen one closely, I took advantage of my opportunity to study natural history and went out into the yard to see them. I noticed they kept flying down into one corner of the churchyard, and my curiosity being aroused, | looked | over the fence and discovered they had carried one of their own dead into the eraveyard and were dragging it into the corner of the yard, where they left him under the shade of a small bust. I found they had a very unpleasant odor. The male resembles our male turkey very much, being a little smaller, but where the tur- key’s neck is a blueish red color the buz- zard’s is a bloody red. The female is all black, but sometimes a dirty brown. They generally fly very high, and usually sail unless frightened.” Of course, they are protected by the law on account of their eating all garbage left around. In Charles- ton you can see them in the street as we see sparrows up North. Yesterday I shot what the boys in the South call ‘“‘Bull Bats.” They are just the same bird as our Night-hawk. I found on my trip up Mt. Craggy, near Asheville, N.C., a garnet which is at least twice the size of a man’s fist. Have any of the readers of THE YounG OoLocisT ever seen one as large? Wie On Wiss Columbia, §.C. Bae NS VR California Birds—Their Eggs, Nests, and Habits. (FOR THE YOUNG OOLOGIST.) BURROWING OWL. The Burrowing Owl lays from four to nine white eggs, somewhat larger than the pigeon’s. Its nest is composed of dry horse dung, some of which is always scat- tered around the hole and is an infallible sign of a nest, and without which it is use- less to dig in the hope of finding one. In the breeding season I have found some odd things in owls’ nests at different times Last year I found two dead mice in a nest containing five eggs. This year I was scraping the loose dirt away from a nest and was not a little startled to find a large trap-door spider in my hand, as its bite is supposed to be sure death. My brother was also scraping away some dirt from a hole and brought out in his hand two large centipedes. This Owl lives chiefly upon rats, mice, insects, etc., and I once saw one devouring a snake. It usually sits on the mounds of dirt by its hole during the day and hoots at night. If anyone approaches it bows, or bobs its head up and down, and ““coo-coo’s” in an amusing manner. KING-BIRD is not altogether a California bird, being also found in the Eastern States. number of eggs is four or five. They are white, with reddish brown spots. The nest is composed of straws, leaves, string, wool, etc., and is built in a convenient tree. It is very warlike and courageous. I have often seen one, two or more attack an eagle or turkey buzzard. It is commonly supposed to live upon bees, and is there- fore called ‘‘bee-bird” or ‘‘bee martin” by many, but I cannot confirm the supposition from actual knowledge. Ihave seen King- birds catch millers or moths, beetles, flies, etc., but do not recollect seeing any catch bees. Tts usual CRESTED QUAIL. The Quail lays from six to eighteen eggs asa rule. I have been told by persons that they have found twenty-three eggs, and have read of as many as thirty eggs being found in a single nest. The nest is usually built of dried grass and leaves, but sometimes the eggs are laid upon the bare ground, especially in sandy regions. They live chiefly upon seeds, small insects and grapes, the latter being their favorite food in summer. One of a flock always seems to be acting as sentinel, and the moment there is a sign of danger it gives the signal. and with a great whirring of wings the flock takes refuge in flight or in the nearest bushes. MOCKING-BIRD. The Mocking-bird lays from four to six eggs of a blueish green color, with red- brown spots. The nest is composed of 76 THE YOUNG OOLOGIST. sticks, straws, then a lining of horse dung, and inside of that horse hairs, string, wool, etc. The birds are rather shy when build- ing, but the nest is easily found, being usually in orange, lemon or lime trees. Its food consists principally of insects, seeds and fruit, mainly the latter in sum- mer. During the breeding season the male sings almost incessantly, often during the night as well as day. I have occasionally awakened during the moonlight summer nights and heard them singing magnifi- cently. WHITE-RUMPED SHRIKE. The White-rumped Shrike is found in many States other than California, where it is more commonly known as ‘‘Butcher- bird,” owing to the supposition that it catches and impales upon orange and other trees living mice, rats and small birds. It lays from four to six eggs as a rule, but a friend assures me that he found eight in a | single nest, which is the first case I have | heard of. LINNET OR HOUSE FINCH. The Linnet is in California what the Sparrow is in England and some parts of | the United States. It is very common, and is a great enemy of the farmers, owing to its practice of living almost entirely upon the fruit buds just before they bloom, thus injuring the crop considerably. It lays from four to six eggs of a pale blue color. The nest is composed of small sticks, straws, etc., and lined with horse hair, wool or other soft material. It is built almost anywhere, in barns, vines. trees, under house eaves, on barn beams or any convenient place. HUMMING-BIRD. The Humming-birds are quite abundant in California, there being some half dozen kinds. They lay two pure white eggs, a little larger than a pea. The nest is com- posed of spider webs glued together with a secretion from the bird’s mouth. The nest looks like a ball of yellow cotton wool, and is usually fastened on a single branch, wil- low and fig trees being their favorites. During the season when the orange, lemon and lime trees bloom there are vast myriads of infinitesimal insects, which attract great numbers of the beautiful Humming-birds. ROAD RUNNER. The Road Runner is found chiefly in the sandy cactus patches and mountains. It lays from four to nine eggs, which are at first white, but because of the bird being uncleanly soon become dirt color. The nest is composed of sticks, straws and dried grass, etc., and is placed within six or eight feet or the ground, usually in a cactus or waternote bush. It is rather a curious bird, with a large beak and head and very long tail, while the body is quite small. It gets its name from a curious habit of run- ning along in front of a horse or team for a considerable time before it will leave the road. There are many other species I might mention, but fear your space will forbid. AL ORE see A\=——. (CRiIL i From Wyc ming. (FOR THE YOUNG OOLOGIST. ) Roveis, Wyo. Ter., Aug. 16, 1884. DEAR Eprror,—I enclose you a few hastily written notes from this section. I am a subscriber to THE YOUNG OOLOGIST, and am very much pleased with it. NOTES. Sage-hen.—This magificent bird, for size, is found in abundance in this part of the country. The nests I have found have been invariably a mere hollow scratched in the ground under a sage-bush. The nest complement is from ]0 to 14 eggs, laid in the latter part of April or May. My ex- perience has been that the eggs vary con- siderably in size, although all in one nest are very uniform. Here are the measure- ments of four eggs taken at random from a set collected by me, also to show varia- tion in size measurement of two from an- other set: (1.) 1.75 by 1.38, 1.63 by 1.17, 1.69 by 1.18, and 1.63 by 1.17. Three of the foregoing are very similar in size. They are all of a whitish cream color and oval in shape, being nearly as large at one end as at the other. (2.) 2.25 by 1.51 and are more the shape of a hen’s egg, except that they taper to a sharper point at the smaller end than the egg of a hen. Color, white, with a slight shade of cream. | | | | | | At this season (Aug. 16) the young birds | are about half grown and still following the mother. They are shot in great num- hers and eaten,as their flesh is very white and tender, and at this early age has not taken on that strong and disagreeable taste of sage which characterizes the old bird. As their name signifies, they live almost entirely on the leaves of the sage-bush. In the crop of several I have shot this summer I have found wild currants, gooseberries and sage leaves. I have observed here this summer: King- birds, Black-billed Cuckoos, Robins, Black- birds. Bank Swallows, Cliff Swallows, Night-hawks, Meadow Larks, Shrikes, Plover, Magpies, Crows, Hawks, Eagles, Ducks, Geese, Curlews and several kinds of Sparrows. As far as my observations go, Magpies do not breed in this valley (Sweet Water River). This spring they were very numerous here, but a littie be- fore the breeding season they all disap- | peared, and I saw none all summer until the other day, when [ saw six disporting themselves among the willows on the river bank. The nearestso the river I have seen any nests was 18 miles. They were built in cotton woods, 15 to 25 feet from tne | ground, and were composed of coarse - sticks. W.5., Rougis, Wyo. Ter. SS 2 < o Yeliow-headed Black bird. (FOR YOUNG OOLOGIST.) I noticed in one of the numbers of THE Youne Oonocist that you would like some notes on the Yellow-headed Black- bird (Xantliocephalus icteroceplialus), and as I have had a little experience among them this season, I send a few words con- cerning their breeding habits. The nest is generally placed from six inches to three feet above the water, fastened to the stems of ‘‘cattails” or reeds, and is a little larger hE VvOUNG OOLOGISt V9, pheeniceus), though it can generally be distinguished from the latter by the lining, which consists of rather broad yellowish straws. The Yellow-head prefers a slough that has a little open water in the centre, but does not seem to notice or care much about its neighbors, as I have found them breed- ing indiscriminately with Red-wings, Least Bitterns, and Florida Gallinules. They commence laying about the last week in May in this locality, which isabout forty-one degrees north latitude, and we have taken fresh eggs as late as June 12th, but would probably not have got them if the nests had not been disturbed two or three times in the spring. I have found many nests in a single slough. (Let me caution the collector about going into these sloughs, as they are very decep- tive in presenting an appearance of firm footing. ) The measurement of, the eggs of the Yellow-head is 1.00 to 1.15 by .%5. Eggs, ground color, greyish, spotted all over with brownish, thickest near larger end, where it usually hides the ground color. Uxy. 8. Grant, Des Moines, lowa. Nest of the Black-thr ated Green Warile.. (Dendreeca virens.) (FOR THE YOUNG OOLOGIST.) On June 28rd, 1884, I took a set of four fresh eggs of the Black-throated Green Warbler. The nest was placed in a smali tir bush, 84 feet from the ground. It was composed of small spruce twigs, dry grass, cobwebs and thin, narrow strips of birch bark, and was lined with hair and a single black feather. It measured 3 x 2} height, 2} outside measurements and 13 x 14 depth, 12 in. inside measurements. The eggs, which were creamy white, with brown and purplish markings (principally on the larger end), averaged .67 x .55 of aninch. The bird was very tame, almost allowing me to catch her. Ist, 18(, yl Oak Bay, N.B. 78 THE VOUNG) ©OLOGIST Exchanges and Wants. Brief special announcements, ** Wants,’’ ‘‘Ex- changes,’’ inserted in this department for 25 cents per 25 words. Notices over 25 words charged at the rate of one-half cent per word. No notice inserted for less than 25 cents. Notices which are merely indirect methods of soliciting cashépurchasers cannot be ad- mitted to these colums under any circumstances. Terms, cash with order. WaNnTED—To exchange and buy Birds’ Eggs from collectors throughout the United States and Canada. Write and send prices to E. R. Davis, Jr., Gaines- ville, Texas. WantTED—A few Humming Birds’ * Nests. Will give excellent exchange’:or good cash price. Also eggs of 312 for exchange. C. H. Andros, Taunton, Mass. Lead, ore, zinc ore, fossil §shells and crinoids, py- rites iron, petrified moss and wooe, pressed terns and other curiosities for sea*urchins, mounted sea mosses and good curiosities. Goodspecimens sent and de- sired in exchange.g Send list of what you have and want. Ocean curiosities especially desired. Sam. CARPENTER, JR., Oswego, Kansas. A collectiongof 6o%eggs,sincluding Woodcock, Wild Goose andtBonapartian Gull, for the best offer of la- belled woods, which must be 2x8 inches or larger and of uniform size. A first- class Purple Martin’s eggs for every V nickel without ‘‘ceuts.’’ Cuas. A. Davis, 128 King St., Burlington, Vt. I have ancient Roman and Gaede coins sand foxsan coppers to exchange for match and medicide stamps, small fossils or rare minerals. Write;to J. D. Van Saun, Jersey. City, N. J., Box 283. H. K. Lanois, Landis Valley, Pa., will give good exchange in minerals for first-class eggs not native to Pennsylvania. Correspondence desired with experi- enced collectors. Write soon. Aniimproved Lester scroll saw with roo feet of, inch wood for best offer of*Birds’ Eggs. A good flute worth $12.50, for eggs, stamps, coins, specimens, cu- riosities, printing press, type. A breech-loading shot gun or riffe,an oak and white holley cabinet for eggs, will hold 200, togexchange4for eggs. Address HERBERT: E. Stour, 611'Franklin - Ave., Minneapolis, linn Tojexchange— A? ine new Racine Canoe for a 54 inch Bicycle. E. EC. _P., P. O. Box 4545,4Springfield, Mass. ee Something} needed} by every boy, in the United States, will be given inexchange for Birds’ Eggs or other curiosities. Write immediately to W.E, Proc- tor,,1518 Market Street, Oakland, Cal. Stuffed Birdsjto exchange for Birds’ Eggs. Best of Workmanship! guaranteed; twelve years’ experi- ence; send your lists of eggs by letter, no_postals wanted. H.F. Kramp, Wallingford, Conn, Minerals, stamps, silk curiosities, silk scraps, etc., _ to exchange for minerals, curiosities and birds’ eggs in sets. ville, Ky An eight {dollar Continental] Note of 1776, genuzne, for the best offer in Indian or Mound Builders. Relics in good condition. E. M. FrencH, Amesbury,Mass. Witt G. Cope, 1818 Barrett Ave., Louis- WanTED—First-class Birds’{Eggs and Curiosities in exchange in largefquantities. Send lists and state what you §desire in exchange. , FRANK" H._LatTtTin, Gaines, N. Y. Fresh water and marine,shells to exchange for birds eggs. Correspondence with field collectors desired. VERDI Burrcu, Branchport, Yates Co..N.Y. Henri N. Barer, Polo, Ogle Co., Ill., wishes to exchange birds’ eggs with collectors having, either first or second_class ones. Please write. I have for exchange one*large chromo, ten differ- ent foreign stamps, a few picture cards for birds’ eggs, minerals or coins. Address La GRANDE SOUTH- WORTH, Schuyler’s Lake, N. Y. Gollectors—I have twenty eggs of the Brown Peli— can, also a few of other desirable varieties to ex- change. Correspondence solicited. ARTHUR H. Hack, Taunton,,.Mass. Exchange—A Chinese coin ora Chinese newspaper for every stamp from Iceland, Liberia, Cypress,U. S. 12, 24, 30 Or go., 1851, 1861 or 1869 issue. 25 rare Cali- fornia , Zpostmark s for every 5 U. S. department stamps. A fine specimen of Red Wood from the big tree of California, for every U.S. executive, justice or state department stamp. A rare Chinese calling card or a horn nut for every 75 varieties ofsstamps. Foreign exchanges and correspondence desired. W.A. TEBOW, 1,630 Q. St., Sacramento, Cal. Southern Eggs, Fossils, Sea Beans, Minerals anda large variety of specimens for first class Eggs, Shells, Geodes, Shark Teeth, Crystals and Books on Natural. History in good condition. Send, list. WEEELER) East Templeton Mass: I have oneZhundred (100) varieties of foreign coins to exchange, both copper and silver. I will exchange them for other coins. Lists exchanged. W.G. JER- REMS, JR., 38 Aldine St., Chicago. Joun B. Frep M. Anpkos, Taunton,Mass., has over a hun- dred varieties of Birds’ Eggs in sets and single to ex- change forsets. Correspondence solicited. Tous: “aS sof American Birds’ Eggs, “first- class, and fourteen-varieties of shells toxexchange for the.same.g W. G. TaALMADGE,,Plymouth, Conn. #Eggs and stamps ‘for eggs; 32, foreignistamps for every foreign coin except one cent Canada. Corres- pondence solicited. F. J. Sorrore, Belmont, Alle- gany Co., N. Y. T. L., Box 62, Oakland, Cal., wants to exchange good eggs of§Crested Quail and:Foolish Guillemot for other good eggs. ‘**V nickels” for .birds’ “eggs and, minerals. Wallingford, Del. Co., Pa without the word cents, and_minerals .WARREN-CARTER, @eDealers please send lists and prices of minerals, rel- ics and eggs to W. B. FLANSBURGH, La Fargeville, Jefferson.Co., N.Y. NE I would like to exchange eggs withéall collectors. I also desire rare foreign stamps; send for list;3I also have foreign coins for exchange. SMe lhe Wyman, Perry, Lake Co , Ohio. Cuas. AcHoRN, Rockland,'! Meine, =wants tojex- change first-class Wilson Tern eggs with data, for others in Same Condition. Send list and state number wanted. Fossils, Flint, pectolite, iron/and:copper ore, plum- bago, soil from Japan, China and Turk’s Island, shells, picture cards, vegetable ivory from Africa, to exchange for birds’ eggs. JAMES JUDD, 528_ Will- Cnn Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y. 3;Ocean curiosities, such as star fish, sea urchins, shells, etc., minerals, magazines, amateur papers, books, etc., will be given in exchange for all kinds of coins, stamps (except U.S.) minerals and birds’ eggs; correspondence desired. E, G Hartow, Lynn, Mass a iz] have eggs to exchange ,with all collectors. List on application. W. F. BEapMan, Vineland, N. J. i ~Jist. THE YOUNG OOLOGIST!: 79 Cannel, Peacock, and other varieties of Coal ; Sand and Soap-stone, Fire-clay, from Mines here: for Minerals and Coal of U.S. and Canada. Corres- aa solicited. W. O. MarmMaApDUKE, Washing- ton, Ind XCHANGE—Owing to our overwhelming stock in 30 or more varieties of minerals, we will give extraordinary offers until November 1st. Gorres- pondence necessary. A. E. SOUTHWORTH & CO., Woodstock, Ill. A Sma.vt Printine Press :—Hand-inking, (3x43 inches inside of chase) with one font of fancy Card Type, Chase, Ink-roller, Ink, Furniture, Leads, &c., and 1,000 mixed cards (blank), to exchange for best uffer of Bird’s eggs; must be blown from one smoothly drilled hole on side, and in good condition. A. L. STEVENS, P. O. Box 242, Claremont, N. H. WanteED—A good Acromatic Telestope, Surveyors Compass, with Vernier and SURVEY Ors chain. Address stating full particulars, to J. E. Winstow, Virgil, IN NGG ota Birds eggs, single or in sets, blown through one smoothly drilled hole in the side, to exchange for same. Send list. Address H. W. Davis, North Granville, N. Y. all Hyde Park, Sets and single eggs to exchange for the same ; first-class. Address, Ros’r Boyp, Jr., Cook Co., Ill. Medicine stamps to exchange with collectors of the same. Address, L. A. JupkKins, Box 16, Claremont, INigd als I have for exchange the eggs of twenty-five species of birds, both rare and common. All first class. Address, W. H. Extis, Box 423, Vineland, N. J. J. M. Peprini, N. Temescat, Alameda Co., Cal., has California minerals, ores, woods, shells, ocean curiosities, and beetles’ to exchange for offers in minerals, shells, beetles and curiosities generally. Frep E, Dersy, Tilton, N. H., wishes to ex- change Golden Days from March 1882 to May 1884. None are missing, and all are in fine condition, for ease eggs. Write first, stating best offer. A quantity of fine anerels, an upright show case, 5 feet high, and stamps, for first-class eggs, stuffed birds, or Ingersoll’s Birds’ Nesting. Address, Gab: Houmes, 127 W. 2nd St., Indianapolis, Ind. A few thousand U. S. & Foreign coppers to exchange for new or second-hand books relating to coins, stamps, natural history & curiosities. Send "THOMAS W. DENIER, 63 Sheriff St., New York. Confederate money, Chinese coins, stamps &c., for coins; 26 Nos. of Standard Library for Nos. of Seaside, &c., Send for list. A. P. Wytte, Prairie Center, Tl. I have aes fon the Lower Siluria, Cincinnati group and trilobites (Calymene senaria) to exchange for other fossils, minerals etc. Address, BRAINERD B. THRESHER, 128 West ist Street, Dayton, Ohio. S. S. Owen, North Turner Bridge, Maine, wishes to exchange birds eggs with all collectors. Lists sent upon application. He also wishes new nickels with- out the word cents, and will give cash or eggs in euclisnge for the same. Correspondence solicited. ANTED—7s cents cash or 50 cents and an egg of the Painted Bunting:for an Ebony Fife near- ly. new; the fife cost $1.50. A. S. MEHL, 1,527 Mt. Vernon St. , Philadelphia, Pa. (CHEAP EGGS— Mallard, 25c.:each; Blue-winged Teal, 20c. } Butterfall, 50C.; “Grebe, 15c.; Coot, I26.° Sora Rail, s12c.: Vellow-headed Blackbird, rec. CARLETON GILBERT, Jackson, Mich. WANTED— —The addresses of 500 mineral collec- lectors. .A genuine Indian axe for the largest list sent before October1. A. E. SOUTHWORTH & CO., Woodstock, Ill. ANTED— At once, First-class Birks Bees i in large quantities. Will give good exchange or Write for full particulars. T. H. SPAULDING, Albion, N.Y. cash. ALLIGATOR EGGS by return mail at only BeBe each. H. W. DAVIS, North Granville, N.Y. PASTE BOARD BOXES made especially for col- lections of all kinds. Two inches square, % inch high, 25 cents per doz. Send stamp for circular. T. J. NEALIS, 511 Washington Ave., St. Louis, Mo. My 24 Page Illustrated Catalogue, containing prices of thousands of Coins, Stamps, Currency, &c., sent free, with two Silver Plated Medals, for roc, For sale only by W. F. GREANY, 827 Brannan St., San Francisco, Cal. NOTICE TO COLLECTORS—I have about thirty-five varicties of Birds’ Eggs (all differ- ent), blown through one smoothly drilled hole in the side; also, I have three new long-handled egg drills, one calliper rule and one new nickel-plated blow-pipe. Drills and blow-pipe have never been used, and 1 guarantee the eggs to be first-class. I will guaran- tee these eggs, drills and rule to be worth $5, but I will sell them for $2.50. Correspondence solicited. Address OTIS T. MOUNT, ‘* Junction,” Jersey City, N.J. In care of Emmons & Co. FOR SALE. Collection of Birds’ Eggs, about 75 different speci- mens, manyrare. Collected in pairs, with handsome black walnut cabinet of seven drawers, rolling glass front. Terms low. Address F. G. VanPELT, 111 Broadway, New York City. LOOK HERE. One Star-fish, 1 Sea Urchin, ° : of Sponge and 4 pretty Sea Shells sent post-paid for 1 Skate Egg, 1 piece 25c. Star-fish and Sea Urchins sc. each or 6 for Send for price list. E. G. HARLOW, Lynn, Mass. John T. Nientimp, Dealer in Coins, and Postage Stamps, Continental Currency, Minerals, Fossils, Curiosities, &c. Cor- ner St. Joseph and Nassau streets, Rochester, IW Wo (@$" Sixteen page Catalogue and Price List on ap- plication. 256. FARM FOR SALE. The subscriber has a farm of 55 acres good im- proved land, in Western New York—the Farmer’s paradise—buildings, orchards, and location first-class. This farm is well adapted for almost any of the various branches of farming. Correspondence solic- ited from parties desiring to locate in Western New York. For information and full particulars, address FARMER, Care of Frank H. Lattin, Gaines, N. Y. 80 THE YOUNG OOLOGIST. Hand-Book of the Agassiz Association [ SECOND EDITION. ] This is the only book that contains full instructions in every deparrment of Natural History. * It has directions for collecting and preserving Flowers, Ferns, Seaweed, and woods; for the capture and mounting of Moths, Butterflies, Beetles, and other insects; for the shooting, skin- ning and stuffing of birds; for the collection and mounting of Minerals ; for building a Cabi- net; for organizing a Society, with rules of Parliamentary Law ; directions for conducting exchanges, and preparing packages for the mail. It contains a Classified List of the most reliable dealers in all sorts of Naturalists’ supphes. It gives a Classified List of the best Books, Magazines and Papers in each department. It gives a full history of the A. A., and directions for becoming a member, or forming a local branch of that large organization, that now numbers over 7,000. It has the addresses of all the Chapters of the A. A. It is fully and Handsomely Illustrated, is Bound in Cloth and Gold. AND IS SOLD FOR THE VERY LOW PRICE OF 50c. ( Postage, 4c extra.) All orders must be addressed to HARLAN H. BALLARD, Principal of Lenox Academy, LENOX, MASS. (Stamps will be received, but not Postal Notes.) ("Please mention that you saw this advertisement in THE YounG Oo.oaist. : "CUBR INES Wee eC EE@ Worth American Birds, Is now ready for delivery, and contains a concise account of every species of living and Fossil Bird at present known on the Continent north of the boundary line between Mexico and the United States, including Greenland. SECOND EDITION, REVISED TO DATE AND ENTIRELY REWRITEN, WITH WHICH ARE INCORPORATED GENERAL ORNITHOLOGY:—An outline of the structure and classifi- cation of birds; and FIELD ORNITHOLOGY:—A manual of collecting, preparing and pre- serving birds. By ELLIOTT COUES, M. A., M.D., Px. D., Member of the National Academy of Sciences, &c. PROFUSELY ILLUSTRATED. The original edition of this Standard Text Book of Ornithology being entirely out of print, and still very much in demand, the publishers have spared neither pains nor expense in the preparation of ‘‘ THE NEW KEY,” in which the whole subject is carefully brought down to date. Coues’s ‘Key ’’ is to well known os a leading and authorative treatise to require remark, having for twelve years held its place as the Standard work of Reference for professional ornithologists, as well as for students and amateurs. For complete prospectus of this work, see YouNG Ootoaist, No. 1, page 12. The work is fully indexed with several thousand entries. Price complete in one stout volume, Royal Octavo, Vellum Cloth, $10 Royal Ortavo, Library Sheep, $11.50 Royal Octavo, Half Mcrocco, Extra, $13.50 Orleans County. FRANK H. LATTIN, Gaines, N. Y. hs is) WDCC DIDS "OUNCE O00 4 : Florida Gallinule = - American Coot - * = - Mallard - = = = = - Redhead - S : 2 = American Hider = = = f Ruddy Duck - - - Black Skimmer = 2 2 i American Herring Gull Common Tern = = 2 Arctic Tern - = . d Least Tern < : “ EL i Black Tern : - = 2 Leach’s Petrel : Common Guillemot English Sparrow Domestic Pigeon Guinea Fowl = Red-bellied Hawk - - Carolina Chickadee - - - Yellow-winged Sparrow - Bachman’s Finch - - - - Florida Grakle- - = - Gray King-bird - - - - Cassin’s King-bird - = Fi 08 THE YOUNG O@wOGISt: Pigeon Hawk (good) - - - Red-breasted Rail - - - 20) | Black-necked Stilt - - - 50 | Turtle - - - - : 15 | Snake - : E 90 | Skate or Sand Shark 2 E 06 | Guinea Fowl] (first class) - - 10 | EGGS BY THE DOZEN. Robin - - - - - - 15 Cat-bird - - - - . 15 Blue-bird : - - - - 15 | Cliff Swallow = = : : 15 uippine Sparrow - 18 | Red-and-buff-shouldered Black birdl 18 Always nume substitutes when ordering second-class eggs. | Two special offers to enlarge the circu- lation of the Youne Oonoerst, No. 1: We will give 25 cents worth of the above eggs for every new subscriber you will send us for the YouNG OoLoerstT. No 2: For $1.00 we will send one dol- lar’s worth of the above eggs and the YOUNG OOLOGIST one year. Any of our present subscribers wishing to avail themselves of this offer can have the Youne Oo.oatst sent to one of their friends, or we will give them credit for one year’s subscription. Address, plainly, FRANK H. LATTIN, Orleans Co., Gaines, N. Y., MINERALS Send Stamp for new Price-list of MINERALS, SHELLS, AIS ID —— BIRDS’ EGGS, 2 00 ‘| Sixteen Page Catalogue of over 350 varieties of eggs, for 2c. stamp. Also Oolo- gists’ Supplies, Books, &c. 1 Tee MSP EWE IOUOINIG:, ALBION, N. Y. RULES For taking the Measurement of Birds’ Eggs, &c., &c. We have just obtained a fine lot of six inch, brass trimmed, folding caliper, rules for the above purpose. Every collector should have one. Sample by return mail, post-paid, only 35c.; three for $1.00. Address, THE YOUNG OOLOGIST, Orleans Co. Gaines, N. Y. PHONETIC SHORTHAND. se se up stamp for specimen pages, &c. W. W. Oscoopsy, u ee goeech'e" OSGOODBY'S METHOD, FOR SALE. Mazan Creek Fossils, consisting of Ferns, Plants, Fish remains, Crawfish, Insects, Bugs, Flies, Cater- pillars, etc. Choice collections of these fossils from $1 00 to $100 00, sent to any part of the world. Sat isfaction guaranteed. The Mazan Creek Fossils are the finest in the world. For further information, address ln 10), JsUibIe, Morris, Ills. READ THIS! LOWEST PRICES for Mounted Birds, Skins, Eggs, Glass Eyes, Natural Curiosities and all Naturalist ant Taxidermist Supplies. For prices write to J. C. CAHOON, Taxidermist and Collector, Taunton, Mass.. Bird Skins a Specialty. A FIRST CLASS FAMILY MAGAZINE. Lippincott’s Magazine. A Popular Monthly of General Literature. PSOSPECTUS FOR 1885. Among the chief periodicals of the country, Lip- PINCOTT S MAGAZINE has acquired the distinctive reputation of being ‘‘eminently readable.’ Arrangements have been made for many contribu- tions of special interest during the year Among these particular attention is invited to a serial story entitled Cry lanbssnoS Sapors | by F. C. Baylor, author of *‘The Perfect Teens.’ in which the experiences of an English baronet oF his friends during a tour through the United States are related with a mirth-provoking humor, a knowl- edge and appreciation of national characteristics, and a perfect fairness of tone and freedom from carrica- ture, that cannot fail to secure critical approval and wide popularity. Miss Thincker’s beautiful novel, ‘* Aurora,’’ will be completed in the summer, and will be followed by several stories in two or more parts, including ‘* The Lady Lawyer’s First Client,’’ by the author of ‘‘ A Latter Day Saint.’ A description of a bric-a-brac hunting in England and France, by Mrs. Lucy C. Lillie, “sketches of Italian life, by Mrs. Launt Thompson, an account of the Pioneers of Tennessee, by ‘‘ Edmund Kirke,” an article on the Premier of Canada (Sir John Mac- donald), a narrative of the experiences of a Steerage Passenger to and from Liverpool, by Thomas Wharton, an article on Queen Anne, or Free Classic Architecture, by George C. Mason, Jr., and a comedy for private theatricals, by James Pain, will be pub- lished in early numbers, together with the usual variety of short stories and articles of general interest by popular writers —For Sale by all Newsdealers. 25 Cts. per Copy. $3.00 per Annum. J. B. LIPPINCOTT & CO., Publishers, Philadelphia. 715 and 717 Market St., THE YOUNG OOLOGIST. Mola No GAINES, NOY. JAN. 18857 | § PusrisHED MonruH_y. 60c. PER YEAR. The Baltimore Orioie. There are several birds which are regu- lar summer breeders here, and notably among them the Baltimore Oriole, which have a habit, or what has been until very recently considered such, that is of peculiar interest in the light of the recent investiga- tion along the Mississippi valley in regard to bird migration. This Oriole breeds commonly here in the village among the tall elms that line our | streets. For many years it has been noticed that just after the brood has been raised, about the middle of July generally, the Oriole leaves us. The vivacious songs are heard no more, nor can a single bird be seen even after careful seaech. This condition of things endures. till about the first of Septem ber, when suddenly their well known song greets us again from the elms. This disappearance during the last six weeks of summer has been a puzzle to us here, and many and various are the explana- tions that have been given for it. Among others it was said by some that the Oriole retired to the deep forest to raise there a second brood of young ones after the manner of the Robin, returning again to their old haunts in September, previous to their departure for the south. A study of the Mississippi migration, however, suggests an altogether different explana- tion, and one, I believe, more.in accord with the facts of the case. It is not known that the Oriole rears a second brood in its summer sojourn ; cer- tainly this is not true of all of them. And then these autumnal visitors are found to frequent only the tops of the very highest trees ; they are never seen among the bushes and in the shrubbery that fringes the streams and the river bank, which are places of principal resort for the summer Orioles. In this and in every other way they plainly exhibit a knowledge of the locality, far too scanty to be consistent with the supposition that they have already reared a brood of young in the immediate vicinity, They are merely wayside so- journers, tarrying for a season on their southward migration, a migration which must have commenced far to the north- ward. These September Orioles appear as the advance guard of that body of their com- panions, who, having summered and reared their young in the extreme north of Maine or in Canada, have now begun their annual journey toward the south. And it will be found that this migration commenced as soon as the brood had been reared, for the time of nesting is later of course in those northern regions than with us. This sug- gests also what became of our summer Orioles. They migrated too, instead of retiring to the woods, and the interval was only the time between the nesting of our Orioles and those farther north. The Orioles are not the only birds that exhibit this peculiarity, and probably the careful study of migration, which has been under- taken in the last two or three years, will reveal the fact that all of our birds begin their southward journey sooner than is usually supposed and this will account for their partial or total absence during the last six weeks of summer. CuHas. B. WILson, Waterville, Me. 6p © Back Numbers of the YOUNG OOLOGIST Sub- scription can commence with any number can be furnished at 6 cts. per copy. the subscriber may desire. po If you do not receive THE Youneé OoLo- | Gist regular, write to us, not our agents. ie Jottings From the Note-book of a Col- lector in Texas. Thinking it may interest the readers of THe YounG Oouoeisr, I send a few notes of my field work during 1883. I was in the North, New York and Pennsylvania, during ’84, and in consequence did not col- lect any that season. My first take was on the 12th of March, when I run upon a Black Vulture sitting on one egg, the nest placed under an old fallen tree top, incu- bation about one-third advanced. March 14th—Found nest of the Crow containing five fresh eggs. These were taken out, and passing the nest a few days afterwards found the crow had laid one more egg and was setting hard on that. March 15th—Found a nest of the Red- bellied Hawk containing three eggs, incu- bation slight. This species frequents the bottoms, building a very large nest of sticks and Spanish moss in the crotch of a tall post-oak or pin-oak tree. Moderately common in this locality. March 17th—Took a set of Bluebird’s, five fresh eggs, out of an old gate-post. March 31st—I was in luck this day. While hunting for the nest of a pair of Great Horned Owls that I was positive were breeding in that locality, I flushed a Turkey Buzzard out of a bunch of briars and brambles. On searching I found her nest, a mere hollow in the ground, contain- ing two as beautiful eggs as I have ever seen. I have taken many sets of this spe- cies, but none that will compare with the set I took this day. After securing my prize I again commenced paying attention to my Owls, and at last found their nest, a hollow in a large post-oak tree, about twenty feet from the ground and not more than 100 yards from a house. I found this set rather too late to save, as one young ow!et had just managed to get his head into this cold, cruel world; the other egg was slightly chipped. However, as I had never heretofore taken any eggs of this species, | bagged ’em with the rest. April 2d—I took my first set of Carolina Wren. The nest was placed fin an old THE PVvOU NG, 'OOROGISiE outhouse and contained six fresh eggs. [I took the last set of this species on July 3d. April 4th—I was fortunate in securing a rarity, namely, a set of the Red-cockaded Woodpecker, this day. The nest was pecked in a half rotten pin-oak, twenty-five feet from the ground, and contained four beautiful white eggs, incubation com- menced. April 7th—Took my first set of Red- bellied Woodpecker, five eggs, fresh. April 8th—First set of Cardinal Gros- beak was taken to-day. I took about two hundred sets of this species, taking the last July 23d. April 15th—Carolina Dove was the vic- tim to-day. This is one of our most com- mon species. I take many sets annually; have taken them as late as August 20th. Having seen the Swallow-tailed Kite during the preceding summers, I was on the lookout for their nest, and told Stokes and Dick Lancaster (two brothers whom I employ every year to climb and collect for me) to be on the watch also. I waited patiently and at last, on April 21st, Dick Lancaster brought me the welcome tidings that he had found a nest of the Swallow- tailed Kite. Accompanied by his brother Stokes we went for that nest. On arriving there I found the nest was placed in the top of a very tall pin-oak, seventy-five feet or more from the ground. I am a poor climber myself, twenty or twenty-five feet being my limit, and consequently am de- pendent on others when it comes to col- lecting Crow, Hawk and Owl eggs. But to return to our nest. Dick shook his head, the wind was blowing and swaying the nest too much. Stokes said he could climb any tree in the bottom and was going to see into “‘that nest,” took off his boots and commenced ascending. I watched him anxiously and at last saw him peer- ing into the nest, and the welcome cry came down, ‘‘Two eggs; guess what color they are.” They were brought safely down and proved to be beauties indeed. None other of the Hawk species can equal them in my estimation. I think this set of eggs now graces the cabinet of the editor of ey fines THE YOUNG OOLOGIST. THE YOUNG OoLoeist, and if his readers | want a description and measurements they | must call on him. | April 22d—I took my first set of Bell’s | Vireo. Thisis one of our summer visitors, | leaving here early in the fall. Ihave never | found their nest after the middle of June. | April 27th—Mockingbird, five eggs, fresh. This is one of our best known birds, It is very sociable, building its nest _ as Close to the habitation of man as it can. | They build in all situations, in a pile of rails, bush, tree, or in a corner of the fence; wherever they can find a place that will hold the foundation of large, loosely laid twigs that is the groundwork of their nest. May 1st—I found my first set of Meadow Lark, Bronzed Grackle and Orchard Ori- ole. The Meadow Lark is a permanent resident. The Bronzed Grackle and Or- chard Oriole are summer visitors. May 2d—First set of Yellow-billed | Cuckoo, three eggs, incubation about one- half. This is another of our summer vis- itors. May 3d—I found an egg of the Dwarf Cowbird in a nest of Bell’s Vireo, incuba- tion advanced. I have taken these eggs out of the nests of Bell’s Vireo, Painted | Bunting, and in two instances they had im- posed on the Orchard Oriole. The Painted Bunting is the victim though, twice to any other bird’s once. May 6th—The Lark Finch furnished its quota on this day, a fine set of five fresh egos. This is another of our summer vis- itors, staying until early winter, raising two or three broods. Have taken their eges as late as August 18th. May 8th—I bagged my first set of Scis- sor-tailed Flycatcher, one of our most.com- mon birds during the summer months. They put in an appearance early in the spring and I have seen a few stragglers as late as November 20th. I also on the same day took one set each of the Painted | Bunting and Yellow-winged Sparrow. May 10th—Brought me my first set of Blue Grosbeak. Of the fifteen or twenty | sets of this species that I have taken I | don’t think I ever found one that did not | 123 contain a cast-off snake skin in the make- up of the nest. I also took my first set of Texas Quail on May 10th. I don’t recol- lect how late Ihave taken eggs of this spe- cies, but I have seen the young not more than four or five days old as late as Sep- tember 28th. May 25th—I dropped on a set of Great- crested Flycatcher in a hollow limb of a post-oak. This species is one of our rarest summer visitors. June 2d—I run upon a colony of Boat- tailed and Bronzed Grakle and took several sets of each. This is not near all the species that I have taken, but owing to having lost many of my slips or notes I could not make out a perfect list. If you think it will interest collectors in other localities, 1 will send you a monthly report during ’85. I will report the arri- val of each of our summer visitors, date of taking of the first and last set of each, and any other matter of interest relaling to Bird Life. J. A. SINGLEY, Lee Co., Texas. -~>- Trees Injured by Sap-suckers. Our reply to W. B. H., on page 104 of the November Youne Oonoeisr, although true as far as our observation extended, seems to have been erroneous. A Califor- nia correspondent sends us an article which appeared March 15th, 1883, in the Forest and Stream, on the Yellow-bellied Wood- pecker, by B. Horsford of Springtield, Mass., from which we take the following: In running my eye over the list of ‘‘Birds of Maine,” substantially the birds of New England, I noticed that the Yellow-bellied Woodpecker was passed over with a few words, just what every author gives the bird, showing most conclusively that orni- thology as a science had not at all reached his character, habits and peculiar instincts. I am obliged to set down first, that this is the most destructive bird in our climate. I have seen the best trees in an apple orch- ard destroyed, while the owner looked sad- ly at the trees ceasing to bear and dying, 124 not once dreaming that so small a bird could cause it. ‘‘Sometimes called a Sap- sucker.” Falsely so-called. He has no sucking apparatus. Boring for worms is often asserted and stoutly defended. False again; he never bores a wormy tree, and besides he has no barbed tongue like his tribe for pulling out a worm when he gets almost to it. Still worse, he kills a tree | leaving no mark of his bill on the wood equal to the scratch of a pin. Then what under heaven does he do ? Well, he kills the tree most certainly. I have seen the white birch cut off, or rather broken off, twenty feet from the ground, in more cases than I can number, all his work. I have seen the yellow birch de- stroyed in the same manner; branches of the tree cut off, shriveled branches strug- gling for life, but dying. I have seen a tree girdled with spots twenty feet from the ground, then again a few feet lower, then below that, repeating the process to the roots, leaving a dead and dry section above each belt. I have seen the white pine destroyed in the same way. I have seen an elm tree eighteen inches in diame- ter whose trunk of twelve feet was spotted with ‘‘gimlet holes” in the bark nearly one inch thick, and where for ten summers past Ihave shot the pests, and thereby saved the tree. Rut this was a ‘“‘honey dew” elm, of thicker, darker, greener foliage than hundreds of others in the neighbor- heod, and from the tips of the leaves a drop of sweet liquid falls—hence the name. What other crimes against property this bird may be guilty of, I leave others to discover. What I have seen any one can see if they have the same opportunity. The bird crowds closely the snow line in its northern migrations, and although leav- ing his ‘‘trade mark’ on many trees, does little damage in Massachusetts. But fur- ther north, where the bird breeds, whole orchards are severely injured, if not de- | stroyed, by them; scarcely a tree can be found without the gimlet holes in the bark, | abandoned without enlargement for some | distaste in the sap. In that case the wound | in the soft inner bark would grow over, THE) YOUNG OOVOGIST. while the rough outside bark would show the holes ever afterward. The first im- pression might well be that sweet-apple trees would be selected, but the rule is not reliable, since the sour, ‘‘puckery” crab- apple seldom escapes. The bird usually commences operations early in May, on thesmooth, green, healthy bark of a tree just beginning to bear fruit, and just as the bark swells out with the. soft pulp for the year’s deposit of wood. With true philosophy he invariably begins just below the offshoot of branches, where the upward flow of sap is retarded by knotty fibers above, and where the accu- mulation presses, causing the sap to flow more freely than at any other place. If the taste is satisfactory he bores agaln, then returns to the first, lapping oui the sap with a tongue fringed with hair on both sides, meeting at the point. This is the key to all his eccentric habits. Thus al- ternately pecking new holes, and lapping out those already made, he soon girdles a tree with bleeding wounds. flies off to other trees, picking bugs and worms from the bark, but soon returns to the flowing sap, where three-quarters of the day is spent. If the heat of summer dries a hole he at once enlarges it laterally, causing it to bleed afresh. Thus by a pro- cess constantly intermittent, the work is carried on often by a whole family in turn. In this way the holes approach each other till the flow of sap is so diminished that the leaves fade and the fruit withers on the stem or falls to the ground. Per- haps not half the apple trees attacked are killed outright, but the birch tree invaria- bly dies. The injury is in degree, and in every possible degree, from the round gim- let hole, which is not fatal, to the broad ‘countersink’ which kills the branch or the whole tree. I must allude here to the fact that when the Woodpecker leaves the tree a Humming-bird invariably drops down from a twig on which he has been waiting his turn, thrusts his tongue into the holes in rapid succession and darts off the moment Picus appears. I think the reader will acknowledge my Then perhaps’ THE YOUNG OOLOGIST. first assertion sustained, and also that this ce species is misnamed ‘‘a sap-sucker,” al- though at a certain season sap is a prime | article of food, and that he is more of an insect than a worm eater, lacking the nec- essary machinery for reaching worms in the true picarian style. —— «me The Barn Owl in Southern California. With the exception of the Owl, the Barn Owl is the most abundant ot Southern California Strigidw. The breed- ing season begins about the first of March, and eggs may be obtained through March, April and even as late as the earlv part of May. The nest is usually a hole in the face of some cliff or steep bank—generally excavated by the birds themselves, although they sometimes make use of natural cavi- ties. The holes are from one to four feet in length and eight inches to a foot and a half in height. The eggs are laid on the bare earth of the hole, no material of any sort being added. If the nesting place be not disturbed, the owls occupy the same hole, year after year. If the first set of eggs is taken, a second set is generally laid. In one instance, which came under my observation last spring, a pair of Barn Owls made a nest in a gully about twenty feet deep, with perpendicular sides, the owls making use of a large hole, which had been washed out by the rains of previous years. This nest was not dis- covered until rain, late in March, softened the earth so that several feet of the side of the gulch was caved off, disclosing some fragments of egg shells and one egg which had been imbedded in the mud, so that it escaped destruction. was found to be perfectly fresh. About two weeks later I was consider- | ably astonished in going to the stable to feed the horses one morning, to hear the peculiar click-click of the Barn Owl coming from place in close proximity. On in- vestigation I discovered that a pair of Barn Owls (doubtless the same pair above alluded to, as they had been seen in the vicinity every evening), had taken possession of Burrowing On blowing, this egg to oo} | 125 the upper part of a hay press, which had been left standing near the stable after the season’s work. Both birds were in the press when I went to investigate, but as I climbed up the side, the male flew out ; the female did not follow, however, and seemed very unwilling to leave her corner. She did not fly, even when | gently pushed her a little to one side, disclosing a single egg, which was deposited on the bare boards of the platen. She was left undisturbed, and an egg was laid every other day until six had been deposited, when, as no more were laid in the ensuing four days, I took the set. The incubation varied from one egg about half incubated, to one which appeared p rfectly fresh. Barn Owls occasionally breed in hollow trees or other convenient places, but, in this locality at least, a hole in the face of a cliff is the general rule. The eggs vary both in number and in size and shape. They are usually rather long, and pointed at the small end, somewhat similar to those of the Quail, though in one set I obtained last spring, the eggs were nearly spherical, one of them measuring 1.47x1.29 inches. An egg from another set in my possession measures 1.98x1.48 in. The number of eggs in a set ranges from three to eight, flve or six being the more common number. The eggs are white, but without the glossy surface common to the egos of the smaller species of owls. JosEPH L. EpMIsTON, Riverside, Cal. Piet eg Suge NU The new column announcement of Messrs. Davis & Baker, publishers of the Oologists’ Directory, merits the special attention of our readers. Their previous advertisement appeared in two leading monthlies prior to its being published in THe YOUNG OoLoeist, but in a letter a few weeks since they inform us that two- thirds of all answers received mention the YouNG OoOLoGisr. ® o> eo- ——— For every new subscriber you may send us for the YounG Oonoeist, we will give a copy of our new Hand-book, 126 THE YOUNG OOLOGIST "EDITED AND PUBLISHED MONTELY —— 7 FRANK H. LATTIN, GAINES, N. Y. Rochester. Printed by Joun Pp. SmirH, 80 ‘State Stes Correspondence and items of interest to the student | of Birds, their Nests, and Eggs solicited from at Terms of Subscription. Single Subscription = = Foreign Countries, - = = Sample Copies, - = S = The above rates include postage. 60 cents per annum iy 6 cents each. Terms of Advertising. Single insertion, 20 cents per line, nonpareil. 1 mo. 3 mo. 6 mo. L yr: Five lines, 1 00 2 50 4 00 6 00 One inch, 2 00 5 00 8 00 12 00 | ie column, 7 00 17 50 28 00 42 00 MH 13 00 32 50 52 00 78 00 One page, 25 00 62 50 100 00 150 00 Advertisements under five lines, charged one line extra. advance. Special discounts can be given on most advertise- ments. - Send copy for estimate. Remittances should be made by draft on New York ; money order or postal note payable at Gaines, N. Y.: ; or by registered letter. Unused U. S. postage stamps of any denomination will be accepted for sums under one dollar. Address all subscriptions and communications to THE YOUNG OOLOGIST, Gaines, Orleans Co., N. Y. ("Make money orders and drafts payable to FRANK H.LATTIN. Entered at the Post Office at Gaines, N. Y Second-class mail matter. JOTTINGS. Back numbers of THE Youne OoLogist will be furnished at six cents per copy. Mr. M. Abbott Frazar, of Mt. Auburn, Mass., collected many showy and desirable eggs in Labrador last season. For $1.00 we will send a copy of our Hand-Book and THE Youne Oo.oeist, from May, 1884, to Dec., 1885, inclusive. The first prize of last competition has been won by Mr. H. W. Davis, of North Granville, N. Y. Mr. D. sent us less than twenty new names. With the exception of Mr. D’s list, we received only one or two exceeding ten names. Yearly advertisements payable quarterly in | , as | THE VOUNG OOLOGIST. The ipeniney mares : THe Yiouwe OoLocist will have a circulation of not less than 5,000 copies. Advertisers desir- ing space should send in copy at once. Every copy will be placed in the hands of wide-awake Collectors. On page 132 we give a fac simile of a hand-bill announcing the sale of one of the rarest eggs ever offered collectors. This egg, we think, brought its owner $1,000. There are but few collectors in this country but what an egg or two of this species would like to obtain. We are indebted to J. I. Tennant, F. R. $8., Stoke-in-Trent, Eng., for the loan of one of the original bills. To every collector who will send us a list giving the names of not less that twelve collectors in their vicinity, whom they think might be induced to subscribe for THE YOUNG OoLoGIstT, we will send a copy of our new Hand-book, for their trouble. Names of present subscribers will not count. This offer will hold good until Feb. 15, only. OvR PREMIvUM List In A Nut SHELL:— For every new subscriber, one of our pres- ent subscribers may send us, we will give twenty-five cents worth of anything we advertise, or offer for sale in THE YounG OoLoeist, our Catalogue, or any circular Wwe may send out: We trust our friends will obtain for us as many new subscribers as possible. We consider our premium list one of the largest and most varied ever sent out by any publisher in America. Parties desiring to obtain a costly premium can send in their names, as fast as obtained, and we will give them a check good for 25 cents, in trade, when the required num- ber of checks are obtained they may be sent to us and we will send the premium desired. We are receiving many kind letters, in praise of our Oologists’ Hand-Book, and to us it is very gratifying, as it assures us our efforts are appreciated. THE YOUNG OOLOGIST. American Ornithologists’ Union. (BIRD MIGRATION.) At the First Congress of the American Ornithologists’ Union, held in New York city, September 26-28, 1883, a committee | on the Migration of Birds was appointed. | It is the purpose of this committee to inves- tigate in all its bearings, and to the fullest extent possible, the subject of the migra- | tion of birds in the United States and Brit- ish North America. The work will not be limited to the accumulation of records of the times of the arrival and departure of the different species, but will embrace the collection of all data that may aid in deter- mining the causes which influence the pro- | gress of migration from season to season. For example, severe storms, gales of wind, protracted periods of unusually high or low temperature (for the locality and time of year) are among the atmospheric condi- | tions that are known to exert marked ef- fects upon the movements of birds. The opening of the leaves and the flowering of certain plants, with the correlative appear- ance of a multitude of insects, are also among the factors that have to do with the abundance of many species. Hence the careful registration of certain metorological phenomena, and of the state of advancing . vegetation from day to day, will constitute prominent items in the record books of the observer. For the purpose of rendering the result of the season’s work as full and valuable as possible, the committee earnestly solicits the co-operation of every ornithologist, field-collector, sportsman and observer of nature in North America. Indeed, a large corps of observers is absolutely essential to the success of the undertaking, and the undertaking, and the committee hopes to receive substantial aid from many who pro- fess no knowledge of ornithology. Efii- cient service can be rendered by those familiar with only our commonest birds, and the committee will gladly accept data concerning any of the following well- known species: Robin. Mocking-bird. Catbird (Eastern). Brown Thrasher. Bluebird (Eastern). House Wren. Yellow-rumped Warbler; Myrtlebird. Yellow-breasted Chat. Redstart. Maryland Yellow-throat. Cedarbird; Waxwing. Purple Martin. Barn Swallow (fork-tailed). Cowbird. Yellow-headed Blackbird. ed-shouldered Blackbird (Kastern). Meadow Lark. Oriole; Hanging-bird. Crow Blackbird. Horned Lark; Shore Lark. Kingbird; Bee Martin (Eastern). Violet-Green Swallow (Western). Scarlet Tanager. Pine Grosbeak; Bullfinch. Purple Finch. Red-poll Linnet. Snow Bunting. Yellowbird; Thistlebird (Eastern). Chewink; Towhee (Eastern). Junco; Slate-colored Snowbird. Cardinal Redbird. Rose-breasted Grosbeak. Indigo-bird. Bobolink; Ricebird. Pewee; Pheebe. Hummingbird (Eastern). Chimney Swift (Eastern). Whippoorwill. Nighthawk. King-fisher. Fish Hawk. Wild Pigeon. Also, any of the Waders, ‘‘Shore-birds,”’ aund Ducks. PLAN OF THE WORK. For convenience in collecting and ar- ranging the enormous mass of material which will be accumulated by the joint labors of this army of field workers, it has been deemed advisable to divide the vast expanse of territory embraced in the United States and British North America into thirteen districts, each of which has been placed under the immediate direction of a competent superintendent. The districts, with their respective superintendents, are : Alaska—Supt., John Murdoch, Smith- sonian Institute, Washington, D. C. Northwest Territories—Supt., Ernest E, 128 THERA VOUNGHOOLOGIST: ———= T. Seton, Assinaboia, wa Carberry, Mani- | toba. Newfoundland—Supt., James P. How- ley, St. John’s, Newfoundland. British Columbia—Supt., John Fannin, Burrard Inlet, British Columbia. Manitoba—Supt., Prof. W. W. Cooke, Caddo, Indian Territory. Quebec and the Maritime Provinces— Supt.; Montague Chamberlain, St. John, New Brunswick. Ontario—Supt., Hamilton, Ontario. New England—Supt., John H. Sage, Portland, Conn. Atlantic District (New York, Pennsylva- nia, New Jersey, Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina) —Supt., Dr. A. K. Fisher, Sing Sing, New York. Middle-Eastern District (Southern Mich- igan, Indiana, Ohio, West Virginia, Ken- tucky and Tennessee east-of the Tennessee river, Alabama, Georgia, Florida)—Supt., Dr. J. M. Wheaton, Columbus, Ohio. Mississippi Valley (Dakota, Minnesota, Wisconsin, Northern Peninsula of Michi- gan, Nebraska, Iowa, Illinois, Kansas, Missouri, Indian Territory, Arkansas, the small portions of Kentucky and Tennessee west of the Tennessee river, Texas, Louis- jana, Mississippi)—Supt., Prof. W. W. Cooke, Caddo, Indian Territory. Rocky Mountain District (Idaho, Mon- tana, Wyoming, Utah, Colorado, Arizona, Thomas Mcllwraith, New Mexico)—Supt., Dr. Edgar A. Mearns. | Pacific District (Washington, Oregon, | Belding, | California, Nevada)—Supt., LL. San Diego, California. Light-house Division—At charge of the chairman. The home of cach observer is called a station, and is recorded by number upon the books of the committee. The commit- tee particularly requests that all persons who read this circular, and are willing to | aid in the work, will wmediately commu- | nicate with the superintendents of their re- | spective districts. It is the duty of each superintendent to exert himself to the utmost to increase the | present in | number of observers in his district; to an- swer the questions they may put to him concerning the details of the work, etc.; to collect at frequent intervals the product of their labors; to ascertain from these data the whereabouts of certain species in win- ter, and the times of leaving their winter homes; to determine if possible the number and extent of the chief avenues of migra- tion within the limits of his district, and the average rate of speed at which the dif- ferent species travel; to locate the breeding areas of the summer residents; and, finally, to submit the result of the season’s work to the chairman of the committee. The chair- man shall, in turn, arrange, condense and systematize the material received from the superintendents of the several districts, and shall present to the Union the fruits of the joint labors of all the collaborators, to- gether with any comments, deductions or generalizations he may have made upon the same. INSTRUCTIONS TO COLLABORATORS. The data collected may conveniently be arranged in three general classes: a@. Orni- thological Phenomena. 0. Meteorological Phenomena. c. Contemporary and Cor- relative Phenomena. (a) Ornithological Phenomena. Each observer is requested to prepare, at his earliest convenience, a complete list of the birds known to occur in the vicinity of his station, and to indicate (by the abbre- viations enclosed in parentheses) to which of the following five categories each species pertains: 1. Permanent Residents, or those that are found regularly throughout the entire year (R). 2. Winter Visitants. ov those that occur only during the winter season, passing north in the spring (W Y). 3. Transient Visitants, or those that oc- cur only during the migrations, in spring and fall (TY). 4. Summer Residents, or those that are known to breed, but which depart south- ward before winter (SR). 5. Accidental Visitants, or from remote districts (AV). stragglers It is desirable also to indicate the rela- tive abundance of the different species, the terms to be employed for this purpose be- ing: Abundant, Common, Tolerably Com- mon, Rare. In many species the males arrive in ad- vance of the females, hence it is important to note the sex of the first comers, and the date at which the opposite sex is first seen. In recording arrivals and departures it is highly important to distinguish between the movements of the great bulk of the species and those ot the forerunners or ad- vance guard. For this purpose two dates should be recorded for the incoming, and two for the outgoing of every non-resident species, as follows: (F). 2. The arrival of the bulk (BA). 3. The departure of the bulk (BD). 4. The last individual seen (L). In addition to the above, which may be regarded as essential data, there are many other noteworthy details that bear more or less directly upon the complicated prob- lems involved in the study of migration. Among such may be mentioned the bodily condition of the bird (whether fat or lean), the moult, and the periods of song. The time of mating, when observed, should al- ways be recorded. r (0) Meteorological Phenomena. Extended meteorological data are not re- quired, though the observer would derive material assistance from a systematic weather record. The committee desires information upon: 1. The direction and force of the wind. 2. The direction, character and dura- tion of storms. 3. The general conditions of the atmos- phere, including rainfall. i 4. ‘The succession of marked warm and cold waves; including a record of all sud- den changes of temperature. (€) Contemporary and Correlative Phe- nomena. The committee desires that the data under this head be as full and complete as possi- Hib, VOUNGTOOLOGIST? 1. The first‘ appearance of the species | 129 ble, and requests exact information upon : I. The date at which the first toad is seen. 2. The date at which the first frog is heard. 3. The date at which the first tree-toad or ‘“‘peeper” is heard. 4. The dates at which certain mammals and reptiles enter upon and emerge from the state of hibernation. 5. The dates at which various insects are first seen. 6. The dates of the flowering of various plants. 7. The dates of the leafing and falling of the leaves of various trees and shrubs. 8. The dates of the breaking up and disappearance of the ice in rivers and lakes in spring, and of the freezing over of the same in the fall. Not long since we received the above cir- cular from G. Hart Merriam, M. D., of Lo- cust Grove, Lewis Co., N. Y., who is chair- man of the Committee on Migration. We trust that our readers will carefully con- sider the subject matter of this circular. Write to the superintendent of the district in which vou reside and he will add your name to the large list of stations already established, and will expect to hear good and favorable reports from you. Do not disappoint him, but procure a note-book, several if necessary, for the purpose and keep a correct and minute record of the bird happenings in your locality. You will find your task far from being an un- pleasant one nnd your notes will be of no small value to this body of scientific men. We know that if the readers of THe YouneG Oonoetst take hold of this work with the zeal so characteristic in most of thei: undertakings, many hundred new Stations will be established during the com- ing season, and we propose, should we be enabled to enlarge THE YOUNG OoLoetstT, to have several pages devoted to the re- ports of these stations. The ‘‘agents” can send their reports to us, we will print them in good shape and send a copy of our mag- azine to the superintendent of each district 130 THE YOUNG OOLOGIST. Wild Geese Frozen to the Ice; Frozen Ducks. W. B. H. of Milwaukee, Wis., writes that last winter a young man of Milwaukee secured several Wild Geese which had be- come frozen to the ice while sitting around an air-hole, on a small lake about 100 miles from the city, and that a hunter informed him that he had in three cases found Wild Geese frozen to the ice on lakesin northern Wisconsin. Mr. H. also enclosed the following clip ping taken from the Oshkosh Times : Register of Deeds Spiegelberg brought the news this morning of a very singular occurrence in the up-river country. He states that in the ifland formed at the con- fluence of Lake Poygan, the Wolf river and the Boom Company’s canal, the sud- den change in the weather on the 23d inst. | Noy. ] overtook a thousand or more Mal- lard Ducks, which had found a resting place, and the cold having numbed them they were unable to fly, and hunters and farmers had an easy time in catching them The highest number caught by one family was 213, lots of them were packed for winter use. Mr. Spiegelberg says that the ducks were very fat, but that when discovered they A good many of the ducks were | picked and brought into the market, while | had nothing in their crops, being unable to move on account of the cold. Mr. Spiegel- berg, who has lived in the vicinity a long | time, has no remembrance of a similar oc- | currence. oe How to Handle a Gun. The following advice to young sportsmen appears in the St. Nicholas. We trust our readers will peruse carefully and always bear it in mind when out for a day’s sport: Always bear in mind that it is the muz-_ zle of a gun that is dangerous; therefore, never allow the muzzle to point toward yourself or any other person. Never put your hand over the muzzle of a gun nor allow another person to handle your gun while it is loaded. Use a breech-loading with rebounding | hammers. A muzzle-loading gun is both inconvenient and dangerous to load. Hammerless guns are beautiful and con- venient weapons, but they are not fit for boys to use, especially boys who are just beginning to shoot. If you are hunting in company with others, be careful and courteous, always re- fraining from shooting at birds that are flushed nearer to your companion than to you, and do not allow your gun under any circumstances to point at or in the direc- tion of any human being. Open your gun at the breech and take out both shells before climbing the fence, getting into a wagon, going into a house, or handing the gun to a person not used to firearms. Never drag a gun toward you muzzle foremost. Treat an unloaded gun with the same care that would use in handlin a, loaded one. ““T did not know it was loaded” has caused many terrible accidents. It is best to thoroughly clean and dry a gun after it has been used all day, and when not in use it should be kept in a woolen or leather case. Never shoot at worthless or harmless birds ‘‘just to try your hand.” Most small birds are pretty, some of them sing sweet- ly, and nearly all of them are useful as insect destroyers. It is brutal to kill them for other than scientific or artistic pur- poses. When out hunting observe everything so as to remember the minutest details of vis- ible nature. Boys, when hunting together, should be very cautious in thick covert, as there one may be quite near another and not see him. you >: WEBSTER’S UNABRIDGED ILLUSTRATED. —Viewed as a whole, we are contident that no other living language has a dictionary which so fully and faithfully sets forth its present condition as this last edition of Webster does that of our written and spoken English tongue.—Harper’s Maga- zine. THe YOUNG AOOLOGISE. 131 Spotted Robin Eggs. John A. Martin of Wallingford, Conn., writes : “T found this season, June 21st, a set of Robin’s eggs (3), incubation advanced. These are usual size, but are uniformly covered with small brown spots. these rare ?” The only instance, besides the above, of spotted Robin eggs coming to owr notice was that a few weeks since W. L. Morse of Syracuse, N. Y., sent us a box of eggs for identification among which was an egg to which he gave the following data: ‘‘It is one of a set of four which I collected two or three years ago, about three miles south of Syracuse. The nest was placed about six feet from the ground in an apple tree in an orchard, and resembled that of a Robin.” The egg exactly resembled an ordinary Robin’s egg, with the exception that it was sprinkled with obscure dots and spots, some of which were fully 1-16 of an inch in diameter, of reddish brown, these spots being more numerous at the large end of the egg. In our mind there is not the least doubt but what this egg was that of the Robin. i er a er Our Smal'est Winter Friend. Of all our birds I think the little Black- capped Titmouse (Parus atricapillus) is our best friend and most general favorite. Not like the others, who desert us at the first sign of hard times, they stay with us dur- ing the most dreary weather, cheering us with their funny ways and happy little song. They are of a social disposition, and often found in company with the Nu- thatches, with whom they are always peaceable. Their only fault is, they are very inquis- itive. The other day when collecting it was snowing very hard, and not seeing any- thing for a long time, felt rather discour- aged and stopped a few minutes to rest. I had not done so two seconds before I heard Are not | a little twitter above my head, and on look- ing up saw one of my little friends hang- ing from nearly the topmost branch of a very tall tree, working with all his little might, probably at the insects which it contained, every now and then uttering a little sort of twitter, with sometimes the note for which he gets his name, Chicka- dee. While I was looking at him I heard a rustling in the leaves, and about three yards from me saw one of his companions turning them over, running up into the bushes and shaking snow all over himself, to all appearances not conscious of my presence; but in reality peeping at me whenever he thought I was not noticing him. I watched him a little while, much amused, but feeling a little chilly, started on. I had not gone far before I shot a Blue Jay, and wasstanding admiring it when I looked up and found | was again sur- rounded by my little friends, who proba- bly were at a little distance when I shot, and being of such inquisitive natures could not help but come and see what I was do- ing. The Titmouse is also one of our most useful birds, each bird being said to de- stroy in the spring on an average of over two hundred injurious insects daily. ARTHUR H. LOCKETT, - Exeter, N. H. oe The tallest bird known to ethnologists was found by Professor Herbert in the lower cocene deposits near Paris, France. It was over twelve feet in height, and could have bitten a man’s head off as easily We cannot be too thankful that this bird has as a Woodpecker can nip a cherry. gone out of fashion and existence. Ladies would have wanted to wear it on their hats, and men who sat behind such bonnets or ornaments in the theatres would be unable to see whether a ballet or a prayer meeting were in progress on the stage. EGG OF THE MOA OR DINORNIS. FRONT NEW ZEALAND. MEO eC” Sia Nes Has received instructions to offer for sale by Auction, At his GREAT ROOM, No. 38 KING STREET, COVENT GARDEN, On FRIDAY, the 24th day of NOVEMBER, 1865, AT MWO), O CLOCIE. A SPECIMEN, NEARLY PERFECT, OF THIS VERY RARE & REMARKABLE EGG, The bird of which is now presumed to be quite extinct. The egg has just arrived, per Ship RAVENSCRAIG, and is probably the Dinornis ingens of Owen. The egg will be on view the Day prior and Morning of Sale. The following account of the singular discovery of this Egg was published in the Wellington Papers. EXTRACT FROM WELLINGTON PAPERS. Discovery of a Moa’s Egg at the Kai Koras. There is at the present time being exhibited at Messrs. BETHUNE & HumreEr’s stores, for the benefit of the curious, an object of no less interest than the egg of a Moa, another relic of the rara avis of New Zealand. The egg is of itself an object of no common interest to ordinary people, but it must be still more so to those who watch narrowly the development of natural history in its relations to this colony, and the circumstances connected with the finding are calculated to lend a still greater, not to say aromantic, interest to it. It appears, from what we learn from Captain Davidson, of the schooner Ruby, which trades between this port and the Kai Koras, that a man in Mr. Fyffe’s employment at the latter place was digging the foundation of a house, and when on the side of a small mound he suddenly came upon the egg in question, and the skeleton of a man, supposed of course to be a Maori. The body had evidently been buried in a sitting posture, and the egg must have been placed in the hands, as when found the arms were extended in such a manner as to bring it im- mediately opposite the mouth of the deceased. ‘This, it is assumed, was in accordance with the Maori custom, and was done for the purpose of giving the individual who was buried an opportunity of sustaining himself if he thought proper, or ir, in the course of things, he required sustenance. Between the legs of the skeleton were found numerous tools, cut from green stone, including a spear, axe, and several implements, which would lead to the belief that the man to whom the bones belonged must have been, in some way or other, connected with the wood trade—that is to say, if carpenters. cabinetmakers, &c., flourished in his time. All the bones were in excellent preservation, one arm and hand being entirely without blemish. The skull bore evidence of its proprietor having, at some time or the other, received some hard knocks, probably in the battle-field while taking his part in some of those terrific encounters which are supposed to have taken place in ancient times. Unfortunately, before the man who was digging discovered the natural treasure, the implement he was using came in contact with the shell and broke a small piece out of the side of it, but the fragments have been carefully preserved, and might readily be fitted into the aperture. The egg itself is about ten inches in length, and seven inches in breadth, the shell being of a dirty brownish color, and rather better than the thickness of a shilling coin. ‘The inside is perfectly clear and free from all traces of decayed matter. From what Captain Davidson tells us, we should supose that the ground where this relic was discovered must have been used asa cemetary at some distant period of the past,as Mr. Fyffe had previously found some interesting Maori emblems about the same place, but none of the natives about there—and some of them we are informed have arrived at very mature ages—have the slightest recollection of even having heard, as a matter of history, that any of their ancestors had found a final resting place in that particular locality. ea) VOU NGO OMOG Sil. in ee Exchanges and Wants. Brief special announcements, ‘‘ Wants,” *‘Ex— changes,”’ inserted in this department for 25 cents per 2s words. Notices over 25 words charged at the rate of one-half cent per word. No notice inserted for less than 25 cents. Notices which are merely indirect methods of soliciting cash purchasers cannot be ad- mitted to these colums under any, circumstances. Terms, cash with order. FIRST-CLASS SKINS, Nos. 686, 687 and 688, with or without data. Will exchanze for first-class skins or eggs. J.C. Canoon, Vaunron, Mass. EGGS. in sets, of the American White Pelican, California Gull, and other varieties, blown with one hole, for other sets blown in same manner. R. R. Kipp, 13 Grant St., Newark, N. J, CONFEDERATE Money, Indian Arrow Heads, Fossil Ferns and Chinese Idols, for Indian relics, fine Min- erals, Ores, Sea Shells and rare Curiosities. A. W. Cowopin, Delphos, Ohio. W. A. SETCHELL, 191 Yale College, New Haven, Ct., desires to exchange Plants, Fresh water and Marine Shells, and Curiosities from Southern N. E., for same from other localities. Correspondence with collectors desired. MineErats, Coals, &c., for Minerals, Fossils and Sea Curiosities. Will pay cash for Sea curiosities and good Minerals in quantities. W. W. Marma- DUKE, Washington, Ind. CALIFORNIA SHELLS.—First-class, identified species of California shells, with full data, scientific and common names, to exchange for same of other states. Shells forwarded, securely packed, on receipt of the exchange. H.R. Vaytor, Alameda, Cal. For ExcHanGE—A large improved, compound microscope, in handsome case, 6 powers. No. 1, 22,500 to No, 6, 450, also lens for condensing light, slides, and various other appliances, for a field glass. Address, with particulars. H. ‘P. LitrtieENDAHTL, 243 Broadway, N. Y. City. i _ To exchange—A fine new Racine Canae for a 34 inch Bicycle E.C. PLUMMER, r42 State Street, Springfield, Mass. I have fossils from the Lower Silurian Cincinnati group, and trilobites, Calyzzene senarza, to exchange for other fossils, minerals, etc. BraAmvERD Jb. ‘THRESHER, Dayton, Ohio. G a oR aia WantTev—A good Acromatic Telescope, Surveyors Compass, with Vernier and Surveyors chain. Address stating full particulars, to J. E. WrinsLtow, Virgil, N.Y. ii _ Wanrep—First-clast Birds’ Eggs and Curiosities in Exchange in large quantities. Send list and state what you desire in exchange. FRANK H. Larrin, Gaines, N. Y. WantTeD—Tobacco ‘Tags. Will pay a good price. Write. LEWIS PA‘ITCH, 1301 Broadway, Kansas City, Mo. Ten Named Side Blown Eggs for exchange, or otherwise. Address C. H & C. G. VOORHEES, 59 East 75th Street, New York City. i To ExcHANGE—A Roman Bronze Coin, 1,600 years old, for books on Natural History, Minerals, &c. Write for particulars. F. RASTATTER, Jr., R., 644 N. 7th St.. Philadelphia, Pa. i WANTED—A perfect cornet, for a Demas Lathe and Scroll Saw, with tools, patterns, &c., in good order. Write for particulars. J. W. LOVETT, r-ndon, Vt. WanTED—To exchange five Gambling Stones, used by Indians, for best offer, in Indian relics found in Western New York, Address CHAS. MILLER, Jr. Sanborn, N. Y. To ExcHANGgs.—A collection of Birds’ Eggs, num- bering about 70 varieties and 50 Duplicates for best offer of collection of Stamps, with or without an Album. W.A.DARDESS, Chatham, N. Y. To ExcHANGE—160 End Blown Eggs, valued at $10.00, for a good Violin and Bow. a good Silver Watch, or for best offer in books, Violin preferred. Accepted offers answered, or enclose stamp for reply. -W. F. CONOVER, Ripon, Wis. WanTED— lo know where I can procure catalogues of Snuff, Beer, Tobacco, License, Foreign Revenues, Postal Cards or Franked Envy. Parties having the same should advertise in the YOUNG OoLoeisT. W. P. YOUNG, Box 1594, Portsmouth, N. H. Your CHOICE for TEN Cents. Your name, printed on any of the following, sent by return mail for only 10 Cents. For printing address 4c. ex- tra. 40 Embossed Chromo; 20 Hidden Name; 20 Tinted Name; so Assorted ; 13 Gilt Edge, or r2 Gold Bevel. Address, HE WARRING ON Carb Co., Warrington, Fla A RROW POINTS, slightly imperfect, 1o and 15 a cents. 25 broken points ro cents. CHAS. H. MARSH, Silver City, New Mexico GTAMPS.—A collection of 500 varieties of Postage Stamps inan Album, many rare. for the best offer of first-class, well identified shells. Address A.S. LORBER, Alameda, Cala. TE SONS Curiosities—Petrified Oysters, with # movable Shell, (very curious) 25c. Petrified Sea Gopher, rec.; 15 fine Texas Minerals, etc., $1.00. Money refunded to all who are not pleased with any of the above. Price-list for 1c. CHAS. CATES, Jr., Decatur, Texas. SAWS. Have just ob- SAW-FIS tained a new lot. By Mail, post-paid, $1.30 each: by Express, $1.00. If you want one, order at once. FRANK H. LATTIN, Gaines, N. Y. NICKEL PLATED POCKET OR PENCIL STAMPS, With your name on for 80C., or, with name and address 50c. Post-paid. Send for one. fr. A. SULT DON, 49 Hudson St., Providence, R. I. OUR AMERICAN YOUTH. A large 12 page Illustrated Monthly Magazine, de- voted to Stamps, Coins, Curiosities and Natural His- tory, in all its branches. Our Exchange Column is open to subscribers free. Answers to correspondence, questions on Natural History subjects, Stamps, Coins, etc., answered tree of charge. Interesting letters will be published by young Oologists. Sample free. Address M. B. BATCHELDER & CO., Middlebury, Vt. COUES’ KEY—“8z edition) imperial octavo, 361 pages; 238 wood cuts; 8 steel plates ; size of book 11x8 inches, in good con- dition, cost $8.00, to exchange for best offer of birds’ eggs, in pairs orsets. HARRY G. PARKER, Chester, Delaware Co., Pa. THE YOUNG OOWOGIST HrOSSITLs. Closing Sale. The following fossils are offered collectors at very low rates. line will do well to send in their orders early name 143 44 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 Colones) Address. FRANK H. LAT TIN: Gaines, Orleans Co., N. Y. FOSSILS. 24 species small Texan Fossils, named, many duplicates, - - - Piece of Palm-leaf, fossilized, Texas, Fossiliferous Rock, ‘dark red, very fine, Tex. a 2 2 a 5 Texas Shells, = = 5 Allorisma, Tex., = = - Fusulina, "Tex. Lime-stone slab, covered “AU Bose Coral, Tex. = = - Rock, containing many Fossils, ‘Tex. Large and curious Fossil remains, Tex. Fine specimen fossiliferous rock, Tex. Astrocolina, sancti-sabx, Tex - Gryphea slab, very fine, Tex., - Cardium sancti- sabe, poor, - - Six unnamed ‘lexan Fossils, - Four Ostrea congesta, ‘lex , - - Two Exogyra texana, - = Two Gryphe pitcheria. Mexen - ‘Cwo Anchura Texana, - - Fifty Terebratula wacoensis, Tex., — Fossil Leaf i impressions from Ala, Contains 12 species named fossils, many dup, from Muskatuck River, Ind. = = 21 named varieties fossils from Lewis Co., N. Y., including Orthoceras junceum, &c., many dup., - A lot of unnamed fossils and petre- facations, over 150 specimens, - Cast of large Trilobite Asaphus gigas, S1Z€ gx5 In. - Contains Body plates of Gratis, T ex Frag. Fish remains, Tex., and five Gastropods, from Jeff. Co, N.Y. A very showy spec. of fossiliferous rock from Texas, - = - ro var. named fossils, over 20 spec. from Cropper’s Depot, Ky., - Three fine fossil stropoema and strep- telasma, - - = Orthoceras camerata, fine, ORO The following lots, t46 to 155, are all scientfically labeled and are mostly from the Devonian of Penn. Five named Fossils, = = Four do., - - - = Five or six named Fossils and several unnamed, including one Coral from Glen Falls, N. Y., Three Orthis restrovsa, quite rare, Two Gamysia, - - - Four Species, - - = Kight do. » = SE eye l.ebanon, O., that can be used as substitutes. Collectors desiring any thing in the fossil Always Lists will be furnished collectors at two cents each after February 1st, having the lots sold checked off. One hundred more lots of fossils will be listed next month. When Fossils are ordered by mail, the number of cents designated in second column must be added to pay postage. Remit by Money Order, Postal Note, Draft on N. Y., Registered Letter, or stamps. Price. 80 13 15 10 25) 24 10 4 10 Io is "1 I5 18 40 40 15) 924 Ronen 10 20 25 © 50 24. TOMO vis | Gio) 25 5 2OW 2 Ws 1) TOM 3 25° 5 25, 19 60 25 | 23 49 34 60 20 35 10 20) | 4 50 a 3} 25 2 Zoe TOR ae) qo 40 2 Zs) 133) 2 2 Two strep.Chemungensis and Chetetis Strophodonta ae Crinoid casts, Fucoides, Four fine Coral Sais yor Big “Muddy River, Ill - Four Spifer granifura, Hamilton Pd., Cortland Co., Three Athyris glee aera Hane Pd., Moravia, N.Y., Six Spifer mucronatus, Tam, Pa., Homer, N. Y., - - = Two clusters of No. 159, - = Same as No. 159, - = do - - - Specimens of 157 and 159, on same specimen, - - - = oO - - - - Five Spirifer medicilis, Ham. Pd., Cazenovia, N. Very fine fresh slab, oeered with No. 16z, - - Two ‘Lamelle, Ham. Pd., iea-eneeae Two Shells from Oriskany Sandstone, Darwin Springs, N. Y. - six pieces Giinpid Stems, Syracuse (near), N. = = = ace L s Rock and Shells, vipmenael. from the Ham. Pd., - - - - 20 Ritza evax., Ind., - = Four Cyclostomena Niagarensis, - Nine Meristina nitida - = Six Meristina maria, - = = Eighteen Atrypa reticularis, = Favosites and g Rhynconella capax, Thirty Rhynconella Indianensis, = Six Spirifer Crispa - = Two Astrylaspongia praemarcia; vare, Over 20 pieces Stems, Eucalpito crinus crassus, - - Four ‘ayecerncilie igaetaihs: rare, Five Zaphrentis coelator, - = Three heads of Eucalptocrinus ovalis Twenty Rhynconella cuneata, Lot of 25 named and unnamed Fossils, Two Streptorhynchus,sumplona, vave, Nine of No. 174 - - - Two Favosites farbesi, = - Lochmelia, very rare, = Two Rhynconella stricklandi Beleminte and pentremites - - - 120 Orthis hybridi - - Three Spirifer radiate - Five Rhyconella ascynos, nine anit elegantula, - Lochmellia con.. rave - Six Anastrophia verneuli, Zaphrentis, Two Streptolasma multilasmélosa, Preble Co., Ohio, = Three Streptolasma anil Hesaecilosa, Preble Co., Ohio, Fight Streptolasma sii lesidiosa, Preble Co , Ohio, 7 = Four Streptolasma multilasmelosa, Preble Co., Ohio, - = Five Streptolasma multilasmelosa, Preble Co., Ohio, = = One Streptolasma multilasmelosa, Preble Co., Ohio, xe, = = One Streptolasma multilasmelosa, Preble Co., Ohio, very fine. ~ One Streptolasma multilasmelosa, Preble Co., Ohio, = = Two Eichwaldi reticulata, five, rare, Head and stem of Crinoia, - 34 Rhynconella neglecta, - Fine lot of Fossil corals, agates, &c., fiom Iowa, some polished, 30 spec., 25 unlabeled Iowa Minerals and fossils. chips, = to lbs of fossiliferous roel: and fossil from Yates, Ontario and Steuben Counties, N. Y., and from Iowa, 20 7 20 10 20°55 Bolus Fie 20m 2516 25) rh 25 9 250 25 4 25 4 20 8 Soe 20S TAY 20 4 20 5 10 10 25 io. Sole 20 4 30) 2 20) 2 mG) ih ie ae pyy ik 15, 43 20 I TOM 25 a 20 I 25 7 255 en 20 I 20 ee 73) 5 20. 2 Tce 200NnS Pye ts 20 2 Ag 20 2/6 aE 30:«C88 SOs 35 14 20 eania) SORES 40 6 25 Meet ys). vat 3a) a 50 (It 25 6 75 Iexp. 2 THE YOUNG OOLOGIST. ___i( THE NINETEENTH YEAR. )i(— THE AMERICAN NATURALIST. A Popular Illustrated Monthly Magazine of Natural History and Travels. ANNOUNCEMENT FOR 1885. VOLUME XIX. This journal of popular Natural Science is published by Messrs. McCalla & Stavely, Philadelphia, Pa., under the editorial management of Dr. A. S, Packard, Jr., and Prof. E. D. Cope, with the assistance of eminent’ men of science. The typographical dress and illustrations which have heretofore given character to this’ magaziné will be sustained, and it will be of a thoroughly popular nature, so as to interest the general reader as well as:the young naturalist ~ It will continue to be a journal of science education and for the use of science-teacher., The eighteenth volume-was double the size of the earlier volumes; and for variety, interest and freshness of scientific news, it is‘claimed that the ‘‘ Naturalist”’ is without a rival. Each number of the ‘© Naturalist” contains carefully written original articles on various scientific subjects, and, in addition, eleven departments—Recent Literature, Geography and Travels, Geology and Paleontology, Mineralogy, Botany, Entomology, Zoology, Physiology, Psychology, Anthropology, Microscopy and Histology. The department of Botany is edited by Prof. C. E. Bessey, that of Microscopy is edited by Prof. C. O- Whitman, that of Mineralogy is edited by Prof. H. C Lewis, and that of Physiology ‘by Prof. Henry Sewall, while'the depart- ment of Geography and Trayels is edited by W, N: Lockington. Prof. Otis T.-Mason will continue his monthly summaries of Anthropological News, and will edit the department of Anthropology. — We add this year a department of Embryology under one of our ablest investigators, Mr. Jno. A. Ryder, of the Smith- sonian Institution. Arrangements have been made to report the Proceedings of Scientific Societies with promptness. Particular attention will be given to microscopical and histological discoveries, methods of microscopical research, new instruments, methods of cutting and staining sections, etc. The series of illustrated monographs on North America fossil vertebrates, by Prof. Cope, will be continued. The attention of publishers and teachers is called to the critical notices of standard scientific books, to which especial atten- tion has been given the past year, and will be given during the present'year. Original articles or notices by | over one hundred of our leading naturalists have appeared in the volumes for 188x, 1882, 1883 and 1884, SUBSCRIPTION PRICE, $4.00 PER ANNUM, IN ADVANCE. Remittances by mail shonld be sent by a money-order, draft on Philadelphia or New York, or registered letter, to P| §$McCALLA & STAVELY, : Be rage 237-9 DOCK STREET, PHILADELPHIA. PA. If a Sample Copy is desired, remit 35 Cents, which amount, if you subscribe, will ‘ _., . be credited on your Subscription. ine L. W. STILWELL, DEADWOOD, D.T. WHOLESALE AND RETAIL DEALER IN ; BLACK HILLS CABINET MINERALS. I keep a large stock, and offer you following list, all Black Hills minerals. - Galena Ore—Silver-bearing ; Tin Ore—Fine showy formation, Pyrite of Iron—cont’g Antimony, gold-bearing, Quartz—milk white, pure, Quartz—rose, a beautiful pink, Quartz—Crystal, Quartz—transparent, resembling Ice, Mica—in white spar and quartz, Mica—Schist— grey and white, Mica—Plate —natural state, uncut, Gypsum —pure white, chalky, _ Gypsum—crystalized, an odd variety, Satin Spar or Selenite—very handsome. Fern Porphyry (or Forest Rock)—yellow rock with fine fern impressions, Tourmaline—massive, Tourmaline—large prismatic single crystals, black, Tourmaline—crystals in white quartz, Dog Tooth Spar —white, in clusters, Rock Crystals—mass calcite, crystalized on rock, Cale Spar—translucent, Calcite —translucent in fingers, crystalized, Petrified Pine- wood and Moss, Plain Gold and Silver Ores, Fossil Fish—fish body petrified, from the ‘‘ Bad Lands’’ of the Cheyenne river, 3 in. 50c.; 4 in. 75c.; 5 in. $1 each; Fossil shells— 25 cents to $1.00 and up, Feldspar—white, Garnet Slate—surface warted with garnets, Smoky Quartz, Very Black Mica Plates, Free-Gold specimen, from $1.50 up, according to richness, Moss Agates, from 5c. to $3.00 each, Asbestus—fibrous, from 10 to 25¢c. per specimen, Stream Tin—coarse, grain, assays, 58 per cent., 5c. per ounce. Specimens of any of the above, except when priced otherwise, 4c. per ounce, postpaid. A specimen of quartz 13x14 in., will weigh about 2 ozs; one 23x23, about 5 ozs. Any size desired, furnished. Ten pounds of assorted minerals, $3.00, purchaser to pay express charges. Everything on the above list postpaid for prices named. Write for price list of minerals. Colleges and museums special rates. Refer to banks and merchants of Deadwood. Address, _ [Mention ‘‘ YounG Oo.ocist.] - L.W. STILWELL, DEADWOOD, D.T. THE YOUNG OOLOGIST. WEBSTER’S | UNABRIDGED Has 118,000 Words, 3000 Engravings, (Ge more Words and nearly 3 times as many ngravings as any other American Dictionary,) 4 Pages Colored Plates, and a Biographical Dictionary of over 9700 Noted Persons. Davits. Mariner’s Compass. See above in Webster’s Unabridged, pp. 260, 335. Illustrated Definitions. The pictures in Webster under the 12 words, Beef, Boiler, Castle, Column, Eye, Horse, Moldings, Phrenology, Ravelin, Ships, (pages 1164 and 1219) Steam-engine, Tim- bers, define $483 words and terms far better than they could be defined in words;—and are only specimens of the numerous illustrations found in Webster’s Unabridged. It has all along kept a leading place, and the New Edition brings it fairly up to date.—London Times, June, 1882. It has come to be recognized as the most use- ful existing “ word-book” of the English lan- ruage, all over the world.—NV. Y. Tribune, 1882. & C. MERRIAM & CO., Pub’rs, Springfield, Mass. JOB PRINTING 2S BEY ea, NOTE HEADS, ENVELOPES, LABELS,CARDS etc., printed in first-class style at low rates. A spec- ialty made of price-lists and amateur papers. Send for estimate. T. H. WISE, WHEATON, ILL. Our Clubing Rates. WE WILL SEND any Periodical in America at Lowest Club Rates, providing you send 6oc. for the YounG Oo oaisT at the same time. Forest and Stream, and Young Oologist, - $4.00 Harpers’ Monthly, Weekly or Bazaar, and Young Oologist, - - - - - Golden Days, and Young Oologist, . - - Youth’s Companion, (new subscribers), and Young Oologist, = = = - Young Mineralogist and Antiquarian, and Young Oologist, = - - - I.00 Our pr,ce on any Pericdical published will be given to all applicants. Address YOUNG OOLOGIST, Gaines, N. Y. R STAM UBBER 4.00 3.00 1.75 Agents, Novelty Dealers and Col- lectors. make Big Pay selling our goods. Circulars and terms FREE, 144 Page Catalogue mailed for 15c. C. J. CONOLLY & CO., Rochester, N. Y. | Something New! © raat) Ceca: OOLOGISTS — DIRECTORY. Messrs, Davis and Baker propose to publish an Oologists’ Directory, to contain the names and addresses of 1:00 collectors of birds’ eggs, skins and nests, and collectors of natural history specimens in general. We will insert the name and address of any collector in the directory, send them a copy, when published, and make them a present of any one of the following eggs: Alligator, Razor-billed Auk, Eider Duck, Herring Gull, Night Heron, Louisiana Heron, Boat-tailed Grackle, Florida Cormorant, or Puffin, all for three dimes and four cents in stamps for postage. We offer the above eggs in order to fill up our directory as soon as possible. blown through one smoothly drilled hole in the side; if you do no‘ want any of the above eggs, we will insert your name and send you a copy for two dimes and two 1-cent stamps, or if you a will send us a written agreement to pay us for inserting your name, we will do so and send you a copy, when printed. An advertisement in the directory will pay big; send for rates. The price is so small that every collector should avail himself of this opportunity. The prizes already advertised will not be postponed, but will be awarded the 1oth of January, 1885. We offer the following new prizes. To the person who will get up the largest club of col- lectors, who will have their names inserted in our Directory, before February 20, 1885, we will give the following fine eggs: African Ostrich, Set of 4 Red-tailed Llawks, Set of 4 Lapwings, Set of 4 Red-breasted Mergansers. The person sending us next largest club, Set of 4 Black-crowned Night Heron, Set of 4 Downy Guillemot. To the five persons sending next five largest lists, each a Flamingo’s egg. These prizes will be given only to persons who send the money or agreements to pay with their club lists. The price of the directory, when pub- lished, will be 25 Cents. ready first of March, 1885. Address, DAVIS & BAKER, North Granville, N.Y. - The eggs are all first class - Wood - peckers, White Ibis, Murre, — Black-backed Gull and Ring-billed Gull, Black _ Directory will be — SANIPLE COPY. “OUNE Vol. 1.- No. 10. GAINES, N. Y., FEB, 1885. | PuBLISHED MONTHLY, 60c. PER YEAR. 3 ADVERTISEMENTS. ete eee P a ‘ _ In answering advertisements, - mention THE YounG OoLoeGist. ONLY 20 CENTS. We will publish and have ready for delivery, if pos- sible, by the first of April, next, a Large Catalogue of Our Specialties and Complete GUIDE AND HAND-BOOK FOR THE COLLECTOR and to contain from 75 to 100 pages, printed on heavy paper. It will contain, (x) Our Complete Illustrated Catalogue and full Price List of all kinds of Natural- ists’ iabels, Blanks, Slips, Pads, Supplies, Minerals, ete. (2) Practical directions for Collecting and Pre- serving all specimens—Animals, Birds, Eggs, Insects, Microscopic Atoms, Plants, Minerals. All about the Microscope and Slides. Valuable Receipts and Hints. Tables, showing at a glance the arrangement and classification of the various kingdoms and much other valuable matter. The price of this book will be but zo cents. Send us your name on a postal card stating that you will take one or more at that price, or send in a letter with three two-cent stamps and receive Tipincs FRoM Nature three months. H. M. DOWNS, Publisher, RUTLAND, VT. A fine collection of A BARGAIN. ,Aine,colstion 2 worth $15.00, numbering 600 varieties, for $7.50. Address, W. F. CONOVER, Ripon, Wis, FORD & TALMADGE - Deacers in Birps EGes anp OoLocists’ Supplies, PLymoutTH, Conn. ‘(22 Send stamp for lists, mentioning this paper. BIRDS’ EGGS FOR SALE CHEAP. : Send stamp for price me 1st. C. L. McCOLLUM, Twin Bluffs, Wis. END STAMP for new list of Birds’ Eggs and General Curiosities. M. E. NORTON, West Winsted, Conn, always FoR SALE. A good Amateur Photo. For terms, etc., address, HARRY TALMADGE, West Union, Iowa. Outfit. END STAMP for price list of Eggs, Books, In- struments, etc. CHAS. H. DICKINSON Sharon, Wis. 4 Great Sinemet to Card Collectors ! NEW DEPARTURE FOR 1885. Send four one-cent stamps for a handsome Set of Cards and full particulars. Address, G. H. BISHOP, Rochester, N. Y. EVERY OOLOGIST must have, to be fully equipped for the coming col- lecting season x Brass Blowpipe 15C., Iz¢5 Drill r5c., to» Data Blanks 2s5c., Lattin’s Hand-book 2565, Davie’s Egg Check List 6oc. The above articles (and the YounG Ootroaist, which we suppose you already have) are indispensable to the wide-awake collector. Until March 15th we will send the five articles priced above, postpaid, upon receipt of ONLY $1.90 FRANK H. LATTIN, Gaines, NEY. SPECIAL NOTICE. Collectors wishing their names inserted in the OOLOGISTS’ DIRECTORY can have it done by sending their names and ro Cts, Address silver. For further particulars see January number, Young Oologist. DAVIS & BAKER, North Granville, N: Y. EGG COLLECTORS! You should have your name inserted in the _ ‘COLLECTORS’ DIRECTORY,” to be published March 20th. We will insert your name and address, and send you a copy of the book, for-only 10 Cents. ‘It will be published in the interest of egg and curiosity collectors at 10 Cents per copy. Say whether you wish to exchange eggs with collec- tors or not, and address CHARLES KING & CO., Oberlin, Ohio. HOT SPRINGS. All kinds of Mineral specimens found in this lo- cality, securely packed and sent at the very lowest prices. Crystalized Quartz, Loadstone, Wavellite and deposits from the hot water are my specialties. Send ten Cents and two letter stamps for sample of Quartz or Loadstone. R. C. ALLEN, P. O. Box 475, Hot Springs, Ark. SPECIAL OFFER, Perfect Indian arrow heads 8c. each, 4 for 25c., 6 for 35c., 65c. per dozen. GeENuINE. Petoskey Coral, Chert, Serpentine, Mica Schist or Coquina only sc., Skate’s eggs ioc. Circular Eeakees RUSSELL E. BARTLETT, Kalamazoo, Mich. 10 BRITISH EGGS for only 60 Cents. CARLETON GILBERT, Jackson, Mich. 4 BEE Eye THEIR HAUNTS. A POPULAR TREATISE ON ‘ THE BIRDS OF EASTERN N. A. Bo yoy eee Rev. J. H. LANGILLE, M. A. Brief descriptions, and for the most part | FULL LIFE HISTORIES are given of _all the species common east of the Mississippi, with special attention to the songs and nesting, and the curious‘and fascinating, of which there | is so much in the lives of these wonderful | creatures. The narrative follows, for the most | . part, the order of the seasons, and groups itself | about certain interesting localities, as Niagara River and St. Clair Flats. Migration, instinct, the analogy of nidification, the specialized forms and adaptations of structure in birds, etc., | all made readable. The work is mostly from personal observa- | tion, incorporating a full report for Western New York and the adjoining regions 6f the great lakes, and a pretty full report for Nova Scotia, also a good deal of direct information from Hudson’s Bay, by means of on excellent cor- | respondent. In cloth and on fine tinted paper, PRICE $3.00. Address all orders to THE YOUNG OOLOGIST, Orleans Co. = 1GAENES.. Ni “Y¥- PHONETIC SHORTHAND. f25°3) crait’go0. Send stamp for specimen pages, &c. W. W. OsGoopBy, Publ oN: Fiehush OSGOODBY'S METHOD. OUR SPECIALTY —_]S ——_. Low Prices and Good Work. We do all kinds of Job Printing, in the latest and best styles, at bottom prices. Data Blanks, Naturalists’ Labels, Cards, Note Heads, . Envelopes, Tags, Price Lists, &c. Printed to order with Neatness and dispatch. Send us copy, or write us what you want, and get our prices before giving orders elsewhere. We will save you mcney. Address A. M. EDDY, West Kendall, N. Y. Oldroyd’s National Inks — - royd’s excell all others as a writing ink. {= Simply add-one pint of pure rain water. COINS! STAMPS!! My 24 Page Illustrated Catalogue, contam- ing prices of thousands of Coins, Stamps, Cur- rency, &c., sent free, with two Silver Plated Medals, for toc. For sale only by W. F..GREANY, — $827 Brannan St., San Francisco, Cal: FOR SALE CHEAP. Bird Skins, Eggs, Minerals, Shells, Incects and general Curiosities. Price-hst for stamp. E. M. HAIGHT, Riverside, Cal. JOB PRINTING &@ ISH ANE ena NOTE HEADS, ENVELOPES, LABELS,CARDS etc., printed in first-class style at low rates. A spec- ialty made of price-lists and amateur papers. Send for estimate. : T. H. WISE, goods. Circulars and terms FREE. WHEATON, ILL. R STAND UBBER 144 Page Catalogue mailed for lic. C. J. CONOLLY & CO.; Rochestér, N. Y. OUR AMERICAN YOUTH. Agents, Novelty Dealers and Col- A large 12 page Illustrated Monthly Magazine, de- voted to Stamps, Coins, Curiosities and Natural His- tory, in all its branches. Our Exchange Column is” open to subscribers free. Answers to correspondence, questions on Natural History subjects, Stamps, Coins, etc., answered tree of charge. Interesting letters will be published by young Oologists. Sample free. Address M. B. BATCHELDER & CO., Middlebury, Vt. These inks have been sent to over twenty States in this Union. besides Canada, India and Asia. Rev. Samuel G. McFarland, Superintendent of Government —— Schools in Siam, Asia, says he has used them a great while, and likes them better than any he has ever tried. A. I. Root, of Medina, Ohio, editor and pub-— 4 lisher of Gleanings in ‘‘ Bee Culture,’ says he has tested and sold thousands of bottles of Olroyd’s inks, and has sold thousands of bottles of others, but Old- They are not injured by freezing, and will not corrode a pen. A package in powders, sufficient for one pint of either black, blue, violet, green or red, sent free to any part of the United States upon receipt of fifteen cents. - EIGHT PACKAGES, - - $1.00 FIVE DOZ. PACKAGES, $5.00 If too. thick at any time, reduce with water. Address WM. OLDROYD, Columbus, Ohio. lectors. make Big Pay selling our ,- 3 PVE VvOUNGTOOCOGISE: Exchanges and Wants. Brief special announcements, ‘** Wants,’’ ‘‘Ex- changes,”’ inserted in this department for 25 cents per 25 words. Notices over 25 words charged at the rate of one-half cent per word. No notice inserted for less than 25 cents. Notices which are merely indirect methods of soliciting cash purchasers; cannot be ad- mitted to these colums under any circumstances. Terms, cash with order. For ExcHanGeE—A large improved, compound microscope, in handsome case, 6 powers. No. 1, 22,500 to No. 6, 450, also lens for condensing light, slides, and various other appliances, for a field glass. Address, with particulars. H. T. LILLIENDAHL, 243 Broadway, N. Y. City. J have fossils from the Lower Silurian Cincinnati group, and trilobites, Calymene senarza, to exchange for other fossils, minerals, etc. BRAINERD B. THRESHER, Dayton, Ohio. WantTEp—First-clast Birds’ Eggs and Curiosities in .xchange in large quantities. Send list and state what you desire in exchange. Frank H. Latvrin, Gaines, N. Y. To ExcHanGE—A Roman Bronze Coin, 1,600 years old, and books on Natural History, for Minerals, &c. Write for particulars. F. RASTATTER, Jr., R., 644 N. 7th Street, Philadelphia, Pa. W 4nTED—To exchange one Glass Ball Trap, Deav- enport’s Standard, double, rotating, has been used but little, for Eggs, or a Pocket Rifle. LOW, Tyngsboro, Mass. To ExcH4nGE—Minerals, Shells, Stamps, Papers, Story Books, Etc., for Scientific Books. State Geo- logical Reports and Proceedings of Scientific Societies wane Address at once, I. H. WISE, Wheaton, Ills. WantTED— lo exchange a small Electric Light, with battery and Lamps, in good order, and ro different kinds of rare bird’s eggs, for a puppy of. good breed. Address G H. WILKINSON, Crystal Springs, Miss. I wish to exchange a collection of bird’s eggs, for the best offer of type, printing materials, or cards. P. GERAGHTY, 1127 Folsom St., San Francisco, Cal. Wantep—First-class Bird’s Eggs in exchange for same, either single or in sets, with data. C. L. Mc- COLLUM, Twin Bluffs, Wis. I have a fine lot of U.S. cents and 3g cents, some uncirculated; also colonial hardtimes tokens, War tokens, store cards, foreign coins, and silver. Corres- pondence solicited. Address R. R. GAY, 36 Marietta St., Rochester, N, Y. For ExcuaNGE—Japanese Clay Curiosities, for Indian Relics, and fine minerals. A. W. COWDIN, Dielones OUNebs Norice—lf any gne will send sheets of Stamps, with price, to Master L. TAYLOR, care H.C. Tay- lor, Poughkeepsie, N. Y., he will sell them for the owner, keeping 25 per cent. of the profits. Norice.—I have for sale two books, called ‘“‘ The Dissertations on the Prophecies,’ by John Newton, dated respectively 1754 and 1758, which I will dispose of for the best offer in bird’s eggs, or nests. J. R. CURTIS, Painted Post, Steuben Co., N. Y. DEALERS, we can furnish you anything obtainable in the line of Oological specimens, supplies and instru- ments, at lowest wholesale rates. We can also furnish you with one of the best price-lists out, for less money than you can obtain them of any printer in America. For full particulars address the publisher of THE Youne Oovoaisr. C. W. SWAL- | |; one. Your CHOICE for TEN Cenrs. Your name, printed on any of the following, sent by return mail for only 10 Cents. For printing address 4c. ex- tra. 40 Embossed Chromo; 20 Hidden Name; 20 Tinted Name; 50 Assorted ; 13 Gilt Edge, or 12 Gold Bevel. Address, THE WARRING! ON CarD Co., Warrington, Fla ARROW POINTS, slightly imperfect, 10 and 15 cents. 25 broken points 10 cents. CHAS, H. MARSH, Silver City, New Mexico PEXCAS Curiosities—Petrified Oysters, with movable Shell, (very curious) 25c. Petrified Sea Gopher, 12c.; 15 fine Texas Minerals, etc., $1.00. Money refunded to all who are not pleased with any of the above. Price-list for 1c. CHAS. CATES, Jr., MINERAL Curiosities & Specimens From the Rocky Mountains. D. C. WOODEND, Manufacturer and Wholesale Dealer in All Kinds of Mineral Curiosities, 260 Park Street, DENVER, BOLORADO. LIST OF CURIOSITIES MANUFACTURED: Clocks, Jewel Caskets, Ink Stands, Horse Shoes, Crosses, Photo Frames, Pin Cushions, Paper Weights, Compass and Square, Anchors, Etc., Ete. All of the above goods are made up of from twenty to thirty-five varieties of Minerals and Petrifications. STUDENT’S COLLECTION Of twenty-eight Minerals, Ores and Petrifi- cations, which include Gold Ore, Silver Ore, Lead Ore, Peacock Ore, Copper Ore, Iron Pyrites, Fluor Spar, Arazonite, Moss Agate, Moss Jasper, Wood Jasper, Wood Opal, Chal- cedony, Fortification Agate, Petrified Cedar Wood, Crystalized Palm Wood, Quartz Crystal, Rose Quartz, Kock Crystal, Smoky Quartz, Forest Rock, Alabaster, Pink Satin Spar, White Satin Spar, Selenite, Iceland Spar, Rhomb Spar, Amazon Stone. Each specimen correctly labeled, Every one who wishes to begin the study of Mineralogy should have Sent, post-paid, by mail, for $1.00, D. C. WOODEND, 260 Park Street, DENVER, COLORADO. send for Price-list of Minera] Curiosities. THE. YOUNG: QOOLOGIST: RESULT OF THE COM- FEBRUARY COMPETITION. — PETITION. The following are the names and addres- ses of our friends sending us the largest number of new subscribers between October Ist. and Janury 1st., 1885. The figures to the right tell the number of names sent. $30.00 COLLECTION OF EGGS. H. W. Davis, North Granville, N. Y., 17 $15.00 COLLECTION. Geo. P. Elliott, Mercer, Pa., 2 10 $10.00 COLLECTION. R. W. Ford, Bristol, Conn., - $5.00 COLLECTION. T. Liliencrantz, Oakland, Cal. - OUR BIRDS’ IN THEIR HAUNTS. Lincoln Rappleye, Trumansburg, N. Y., C. E. Stowe, Ashburnham, Mass. Geo. G. Cantwell, Minneapolis, Minn., Chas. P. Wilcomb, Lake Village, N. H., £ HAND-BOOK OF THE AGASSIZ ASSOCIATION. H. T. Lilliendahl, Jersey City, N. J., Geo. R. Newbold, Philadelphia, Pa., Morton McMillen, Buffalo, N. Y., 1 ot I eS Oo Oo Ne} = (3) D. H. Van Pelt, Lansingburgh, N. Y., 2 Chas. R. Harte, New London, Ct., - 2 Chas. R. Rogers, Elmira, N. Y., - 2 W. J. B. Williams, Holland Patent,N.Y., 2 LATTIN’S HAND-BOOK, CLOTH BOUND. Albert Carter, Newtonville, Mass. — - 2 VY. E. Piston, Rockland, Me. - 2 The remaining forty-three prize winners | sent us only one subscriber each, . For lack of space we cannot publish their names. 0 ~< Ee | Our Premium List in a Nut Shell. For every new subscriber, one of our pres- ent subscribers may send us, we will give twenty-five cents worth of anything we © advertise, or offer for sale in THE YounG OoLoeisT, our Catalogue, or any circular we may send out: will obtain for us as many new subscribers as possible. We consider our premium list one of the largest and most varied ever sent out by any publisher in America. Parties desiring to obtain a costly premium can send in their names, as fast as obtained, and we will give them a check good for 25 cents, in trade, when the required num- ber of checks are obtained they may be sent to us and we will send the premium desired. Parties prefering cash in place ot the above will be allowed 15 cents on each subscription. Cr We trust our friends | During 1885 we have decided to give a prize each month, in addition to the regular commission allowed, to the ten sub- scribers sending us the largest number of new subscribers for the YOUNG OoLoa@ist. For the February competition, we'will give first prize, $5.00 in Gold. Second prize: One copy of Langille’ss ‘Our Birds in their Haunts,” worth $3.00 Third: $2.00 worth of anything we advertise. Fourth: $1.00 worth of anything we advertise. Fifth and Sixth each, one copy of ‘« Davie’s Egg Check List.” Seventh to Tenth each, one copy of ‘‘The Oologists’ Hand-book, bound in cloth.” Subscribtions must be mailed from your office during the month of February, not later than February 28th. Subscriptions mailed on the 28th will count. Premiums will be forwarded to the lucky winners on the 10th of March, and their names pub- lished in the April Youne OoLoeisr. Should two or more parties send the same number of subscribers, the highest prize will be awarded to the pa.ty whose list was sent earliest in the month. Dont delay, but commence work at once. Address, THE YOUNG OOLOGIST. Gaines, Orleans Co., N. Y. CANARY BIRDS. From one of the best strains in the country. Can spare a few choice males, either brown, pied or yellow, with or without crests.} Can, be safely shipped to any part of the U.S. Prices from $2.00 to $5.00 each. Write for what you want. Address MRS. M. E. LATTIN, Gaines, N, Y. A THOROUGHBRED JERSEY BULL CAN BE REGISTERED. Owing to my limited space I will sell one of my best young Jersey Bulls or will exchange for Bronze Turkey Hens, Houdans, Plymouth Rocks, Pekin Ducks, or a horse power, double or single, in good order. Correspondence solicited from parties who mean business. Address F. M CARRYL, Passaic Bridge, N. J. THE YOUNG OOLOGIST. SoleteNo., 10: "GAINES, N. Y., DEB, 188554 PusiisHED MontTHLy 60c. PER YEAR. Nesting of the Winter Wren. Why this species is called the Winter Wren seems somewhat strange, as, in Can- ada at least, it is very seldom ever seen or heard during the winter season, though in the latitude of Philadelphia some speci- mens may be commonly met with at that period of the year, but with the return of spring it is one of the earliest of our visit- ants to cheer the wild, swampy woods with its gladsome lays. The term Wood Wren would, I think, be more appropriate than the name it bears, as in contra distinction to its congener, the House Wren, it is ex- clusively a woodland bird. From early in April until mid-summer its cheery notes are constantly heard in the wild lowland woods where it makes its summer home, though with the exception of its notes the student of nature often has little evidence of its existence, for as soon as it becomes aware of the presence of man it immedi- ately seeks concealment among the fallen timber and tangled brushwood surrounding its nesting-place, at the same time uttering a few disconcerted notes. From my early childhood I have been a resident of the Canadian backwoods, and often when out in the pathless forest 1 have listened with delight to the thrilling music of this wood- Jand ranger, though for many years I was ignorant of the little performer and its af- finity to the House Wren, which was among the most familiar of our feathered friends that annually made their homes around our dwelling. When I was about fourteen years of age, one summer day I was in hunt of cattle along the margin of the creek that bore the Indian name of Can- a-ca-jig. Passing a place where there was still indications of once being an Indian encampment I noticed that a large maple tree had fallen across the stream, and that in its fall it had drawn up with its roots a | large piece of earth which, hanging down- ward, formed a kind of wigwam. Into this I entered, supposing it to be the nest- ing-place of a Pewee or a Jinco. AsI did so and began to look around in the gloomy _ light, a little dark bird flew past my face, _ and which from the glimpse that I got of | it, and its notes, I identified as the species _ then known to me.as the Wood Wren. I _ soon discovered the nest, placed in a small cavity, built externally of moss in the form _ of a ball, with a small hole in the side. - Putting my finger into the nest I found that | it contained a number of eggs. Some of the eggs I took out in order to see their color and count their number. I found | that there were eight eggs in the nest, of a | pure white color with reddish dots toward _ the large end. or much like those of the | Black-capped Chick-a-dee in size and mark- /ing. Some days after I looked at the nest again and found that it contained young. | This was the first nest of this species, with _ eggs, that [had seen. Many a time since | then I have seen partially formed nests of this species, and others from which eggs had been taken or in which young had been incubated, but I have seen only one | other nest with eggs. I have on several | occasions seen the bird in the act of form- ing her nest, but no sooner did she become | aware that it was discovered than she im- | mediately forsook it. Once I saw a nest in | which young had evidently been raised, in _a hole in the side of an old moss-covered | log. Another time when engaged in sugar- | making I saw a bird of this species earry- ing bits of moss into a hole in the top of an old rotten stump, but when she saw me examining her nesting-place no more work _ was performed there. I have much other _ evidence to show that if the nest is touched or the bird suspects that it has been dis- covered before eggs are deposited, she at | once deserts it. In the early part of June, 134 toh THEY VOU NGNOOLO@GISi: 1878, I was out in a piece of low woods about a mile south of this town, nest hunt. ing. Seeing a large hemlock tree partially turned up by the root. I thought that underneath it was a place likely to contain the nest of the Winter Wren, whose eges I was now anxious to obtain for my collec- tion. Gazing into this cavern I saw a nest a few fect from the entrance, and a mo- ment after a Wren popped onto the ground and then flew out past me. This nest, like all the others, was composed of moss, in the form of a ball, and neatly lined with fine fibrous bark, hair and Hawk feathers. It contained six eggs which I found to have been several days incubated. One was broken in blowing, two I gave to an- other collector and the other three are still in my collection. It would take an expert Oologist to distinguish them from those of the Brown Creeper. Wiii1aM L. KELLs, Listowel, Ontario. es Desserts Duck-hunting at Gospel Swamp. It has been so long since I have sat down to write anything outside of business let- ters, that if my wits ever were sharp on the subject I am afraid they are pretty dull now. till [ thought I would let the read- ers of THE YouNG OoLocisr know how Wwe can enjoy our spare time out here when we cannot go ege-hunting. It was on the 18th of last December a couple of friends and myself decided to spend the two weeks holidays by taking a grand Duck-hunt. Acting on this we at once began preparations; we were all equipped with guns, ammunition, ete., by the afternoon of the 19th, and having pro- cured a good team and plenty of provisions, we started out for a place renowned for its Duck shooting, called Gospel Swamp, sit- uated about fifty miles from Los Angeles, The swamp part of this name is all right, but I conld never just see where the ‘‘Gos- pel” part of the business comes in, for the country itself, full of dark sloughs and deep bog-holes, is very far from being gos- pel-like. It is needless to describe our trip from Los Angeles. Suffice it to say that our drive lay among green meadows and eme- rald orange orchards, whose clusters of golden fruit bore a pleasing contrast to their surrounding masses of dark green foliage. The tempting clusters of fruit were too much for me, inasmuch as I thought a little fresh fruit would be a good acquisition to our stock of provisions. So I stopped at the next orchard and asked the proprietor for a few dimes’ werth of fruit. He, seeing we were out for a hunting expedition, and gaining our prom- ise of a brace or two of fine Ducks on our return, was very generous and presented us with a couple of sacks brimming full of the golden beauties. After thanking him properly we proceeded with our journey, and added variety to the monotony of the drive by shooting such squirrels and mead- ow larks that were so unfortunate as to cross our path. After a drive of some twenty miles we were overtaken by the approaching dusk, and made our encampment at a spot called “Coyote Hill,” so named on account of the immense numbers of prairie wolves, or coyotes, found in this vicinity. W “at once proceeded to pitch camp and retire, but not to “‘blissful dreams.” During the night our sleep was frequently disturbed by the tumultuous howlings of these ‘‘too- familiar - on -short- acquaintance” animals. Indeed, to judge by the sounds, some num- bers of the varmints would approach to within fifty or sixty yards of camp, and as if by a given signal previously agreed upon set up such a series of yells and barks that a person is reminded of a concert in Pan- demonium, This was, to speak mildly, somewhat annoying; as I could not see the creatures, | would take my gun from under my pillow and discharge it in the direction of the animals. For atime this action would have the de- sired effect, i. e., of quieting the uproar, | and J would again attempt to calm my troubled feelings in Nod’s reveries. How- ever, my attempt was fruitless; for as soon as I was comfortably ensconced beneath —_ ee ——~ j DEN YOUNG OOLOGIST. 135 the covers they would, like Hastings’ Ideal, “come again.” It is true the animals are harmless; so are mosquitoes, but neverthe- less a person unused to their lullaby does not appreciate it as the efforts on the part | of the animals probably deserve. Thus I passed a very restless night, when daylight at length dawned upon us, to my great joy and the apparent discomfiture of the coyotes, for at the first approach of dawn I could see them skulking off in pairs and trios and soon disappearin the recesses of the deep thickets near our camping ground. The creatures were evidently very much disappointed at not finding us more generous with our fresh-killed birds and squirrels, the scent of which had prob- ably attracted them to our locality. We at once proceeded: to re-pack our camp, and after partaking of a slice of bread and fried bacon, and above all, the cup of hot black coffee, which cannot be truly appreciated until. a person is out on a hunt on a cold morning, we ‘‘pulled stakes” and departed. After a few turns and crooks we reached our hunting grounds without further mishap, about three o'clock on the afternoon of the 20th. We at once began to pitch camp. ‘The spot selected was a high, dry knoll] on the bank of a lit- tle stream and about fifty yards from a willow thicket which afforded us with a never-failing supply of fuel. We had things fixed comfortably. and to use the expression, everything was lovely by five o'clock in the evening. It was about this time the Ducks and Geese began to come in from the bays and large lakes and to alight among the small sloughs and grain fields to feed. The num- ber of Ducks in these incoming flights was simply amazing. Flocks of several hun- dred yards in extent would come rushing in and for a short time darken the sky, and these had no sooner passed on and dis- persed when another immense fiock num- bering countless thousands would come Sweeping along in the same direction. Each of my comrades and myself took favorable stands on the banks of theslough | and then commenced a general fusilade ‘ which we kept up for about an hour, when it became too dark to participate in the sport further, so all hands repaired to the camp. When we had arrived there and taken an inventory of stock we found that we had bagged one hundred Ducks, mosfly Mallard and Pin-tail, with a few scattering Widgeon, Teal and Spoon-bills. As we were somewhat tired we retired early to blissful slumbers, and. I am happy to say, an undisturbed one, for we were not trou- bled by coyotes, as on the previous night. The next morning we were up bright and early and at our posts at sunrise. We did not have long to wait; soon a few strag- gling Ducks come sailing along at an in- viting distance over our heads and we give them a couple of loads for luck and bring down a couple of daring old drake Mal- lards. Then three or four detached flocks come rushing along, all heedless of their impend- ing doom. We get in a couple of good telling shots among these, and then— Merey! but what is that dark cloud which comes rushing along with a muftled roar? We do not have long to wait for an an- swer. Soon the Ducks are upon us, like a whirlwind, on their way back to the bays. At their arrival bang! bang! go our fowling picces, but such is the tumult you could not hear the reports two hundred yards distant. After ten or fifteen minutes the flight has all passed and we proceed to pick up our Ducks, which to say the least made quite a little pile when we reached camp and put them up ina bunch. By this time the ducks are all down in the large bay, so we procure a boat and row out for a little mid-day sport. Our success here was not so great here as inland, however we pro- cured quite a number of Geese on the open water, mostly the White and Grey Brant. After several hours of this sport we again retire to camp and prepare for the evening shoot. After picking our fowls for the feathers and throwing the carcass away we repair to our stands of the previous even- ing. As the weather was a little windy with signs of rain, the Ducks began flying 136 GMsVo; COOP ME OOLOGIST. early and came in by thousands. ‘The flight was simply appalling. This even- ing we made another tremendous haul,and | thus our time passed; each day was a fair | repetition of the previous one. » To vary the monotony one of my com- panions succeeded in killing a large White | Swan, which measured over seven feet from tip to tip, and a day or so later the other companion killed a large wildcat which he saw prowling along the bank of a | slough, probably looking for achance Duck that might be caught napping. the cat will probably postpone his ducking tour in his present condition. And now, However, | after my two companions had immortalized | themselves over the Swan and wildcat, was I tosuffer disgrace by not killing a single noble specimen of theanimal creation? Not | much, The next evening! achieved a feat | worthy of fame. As I was walking along through an open meadow I spied a beauti- ful little white and black animal, about the size of a small badger, skipping playfully along in the path beforeme. Now, thought I, was my chance for glory, so I no sooner saw the little creature than I gave chase. The animal’did not seem to be in a hurry (unfortunatety for me) and I soon overtook it. As I came to close quarters it erected its beautiful little tail, and I—I—vwell, for reasons of my own, stopped short. state right here that in my opinion the most generous animal in the world is the skunk. On the slightest acquaintance— | without even an informal introduction—he will give youa good rich scent and not | charge you a cent for his services either. | His generosity is truly commendable. After my first onslaught I recoiled a few steps for obvious reasons and my good health, and gave the charitable animal the full contents of my two gun-barrels. After this adventure I returned to camp a wiser and a scented man. My companions needed no explanations as to the manner of ani- mal which I had encountered. Suffice is to say that for some unaccountable reason they strongly objected to my coming into camp, and advised “a change of clothing. This prescription I complied with, and left | I will | my former suit a good distance to the lee- ward of camp in the willows. After the skunk episode things ran along tranquilly as ever and our luck was always good, Right here I would like to say that everywhere I would go, among the reeds and sedge-grass, on the banks of the sloughs, and in the shallow water, I found innumerable old nests built close to and on the ground. They were about eight inches in diameter and composed of light mate- rial, as small tules, dried grass, etc. For some time I was puzzled to know their probable identity, but soon noticing the numbers of California Clapper Rails which abounded in every little bunch of grass and sedge, I at once concluded that they were the authors of the old nests. So acting on these pointers I intend to visit the swamp the coming egg season and try my success at egg-collecting in that locality. But to my subject. After we had camped out for a fortnight and killed Ducks and Geese until killing them ceased to be a novelty and lost its sport, we began to re-pack and turn our faces once more towards home, sweet home, at which place we all arrived on the evening of January 3d. J arrived alive and well and am still so, and only wish for another opportunity to spend a few spare days at Duck shoot- ing, and J don’t think my Hastern friends would object to taking a little hunt with me in the same neighborhood. Well, I hope that some day I may have the pleasure of taking a little pleasure trip with some of my numerous friends who are readers of THE YOUNG OOLOGIST, so wishing you al a happy New Year (although a little past the season) and good luck the coming egg season, I will regretfully say good-bye to Tue YounG Oouoeisr and its many read- ers. A M. SHIELDs, Los Angeles, Cal’a. Seen SON A A valued correspondent from New York City writes us that among the various pres- ents President-elect Cleveland is fairly del- uged with, isa mammoth egg, from some Virginia admirer. What kind of an egg it is, is not mentioned, but he adds that it is probably ‘‘hen fruit.” eee yrs = THE YOUNG OOLOGIST. 137 Poultry Houses. During the latter part of last March my | pigeon-houses were infested by two pairs of Little Screech Owls (Scops asio), They spent the day among the catalpas and bushy oaks that stud the yard of the Catholic clergyman, across the street; and, every evening, at dusk, appeared in a tall pecan tree in our poultry-yard, uttered a few cries, and then descended into the pigeon-houses. The pigeons were terrified at the presence of their unwelcome guests and left their homes, passing the nights in the surrounding houses and in trees. One evening, a few minutes after dark- ness had set in, the tenants of our property, adjoining the poultry-yard, hastily sent us word that thieves were operating in our poultry-house. My brother and I immediately hurried to the poultry-house, he carrying a lantern, and I armed with a pistol. On arriving at the scene of the disturbance, the first live thing we met, was a turkey-gobbler, with his head trust between two banana trees, and trying, with all of his might, to escape between them. After extricating him from his position, we proceeded to the poultry- | house, to dislodge the thieves. Brandishing my pistol, I called to the | intruders to surrender; but no sound greet- ed our ears save that of the poultry trying to regain the perches from whence they were disturbed. We then made an examina- tion ofjthe building and yard: not a sign of a thief was visible. We found turkeys and chickens about the yard, in corners, bushes and other favorable hiding places. After driving them to their perches, we began inquiring into the cause of the disturbance ; and, as no biped or quadruped of a large size seemed the malefactor, the question natur- ally presented itself: What was it? All of our speculations were dissolved, when the Little Screech Owls, who had taken possession of the pigeons’ dwellings, | were mentioned. It seems that the door ef a pigeon-house on the side of, and open- ing into the poultry house had been left open, and, through it, a pair of the little varlets had entered and, alarming the poultry, produced a stampede among the feathered congregation. After this event we determined to kill the disturbers ; one was shot (April 4th), and another was found in a pigeon-nest and destroyed. The other two did not linger long, where their companions were killed, and left not long after. A few weeks later, in cleaning out the pigeon-houses, three Liftle Screech Owl] eggs were found in one house, and one egy in another house. They had made no ad- dition to the pigeons’ nests; and, unabashed, laid their spherical white eggs in nests, in which the pigeons had reared their young some time before. Houma, La. 196 (py Wie SEEN ELS SH OR MeN® Prehensile Power of the Peet of the Crow. (CORVUS FRUGIVORUS.) Apropos of this subject, which has been somewhat discussed lately, my friend Charles W. Beckwith, Esq., of Frederic- ton, N. B., has sent me the following note: ‘“4 few months ago, while walking along the bank of the St. John river, which at that point is something over half a mile wide, I observed a Crow coming toward me from the direction of the opposite shore, holding in his claw some large ob- ject, and laboring heavily against the strong wind which was blowing in his face. teaching the shore, after considerable ef- fort, he alighted on the branch of an elm growing near to where I stood, and in do- ins so dropped its burden. On examina. tion this proved to be a dead kitten, not more than three or four days old, I judged from its appearance, and not at all de- eayed.” MontTaGuE CHAMBERLAIN, St. John, N. B. eis bedak For every new subscriber you may send us for the Youne Oouoeist, we will give a copy of our new Hand-book, 138 THE YOUNG OOLOGIST | EDITED ‘AND PUBLISHED MONTHLY PRANK H. LATTIN, GAINES, ‘X. z. Printed me Jous P. SmiTH, 80 State St., Rochester. Coe Dna and items of interest to the student of Birds, their Nests and BEE solicited from all. Terms of Suoscrintion: Single Subscription - - 60 cents per annum Foreign Countries, - - - 75 Sample Copies, - = = - The above rates include postage. 6 cents each. Terms of Advertising. Single insertion, 20 cents per line, nonpareil. 1 mo. 3 mo. 6 mo. lyr. Five lines, 1 00 2 50 4 00 6 00 One inch, 2 00 5 00 8 00 12 00 1-2column, 7 00 17 50 28 00 42 00 1 a 13 00 32 50 52 00 78 00 One page, 25 00 62 50 100 00 150 00 Advertisements under five lines, charged one line extra. Yearly advertisements payable quarterly in advance. Special discounts can be given on many advertise- ments. Send copy for estimate. Remittances should be made by draft on New York ; money order or postal note payable at Gaines, N. Y.: ; or by registered letter. Unused U. S. postage stamps of any denomination will be accepted for sums under one dollar. Address all subscriptions and communications to THE YOUNG OOLOGIST, Gaines, Orleans Co., N. y. (8 Make money orders and drafts ay ES to FRANK H. LATTIN. Entered at the Post Office at Gaines, N. Y., Second-class mail matter. as JOTTINGS. A friend from Chester Co., Pa., is desir- ous of knowing bow far south the nest of the Broad-winged Hawk has been found. Can any of our readers give us information on the subject? Every Naturalist and Curiosity collector in America should subscribe for THE Youne Oouoeist. We give more original and valuable reading matter for the money than any like periodical ever published. If you are not interested in ornithology and oology the bergains offered by our advertisers will more than repay the sub- scription price. THEY YOUNG OOLOGIST. We are striving to captivate the hearts and pocket-books of America’s Naturalists, if they, old and young, amateur and pro- fessional, will take 60 cents from the latter and send it to us in payment for THE Youne Oo.oeist one year. We will take our chances at ‘‘getting around” the former during the ensuing twelve months. This month’s Youne Oonoeist has a very extensive circulation; should you re- ceive more than one copy, or not care for the copy you do receive, neither throw it away nor return it to us, but hand or send it to some friend whom it might in- terest. Two parties will then thank you for your trouble. Copy for January issue of THE YounG OoLoeisT was handed our printer Dec. 23; ample time was given to have them out by January list, but, as our friends are doubt- less aware, we did not receive them until the morning of Jan. 14. The afternoon of the same day we received them, our thir- teen hundred subscribers each had a copy in the mail bag started for their home. Our printer may disappoint and delay us once more, but only once. We will send a copy of Davie’s Egg Check List, the YouNG OoLoGisT one year, and a copy of our new “‘ Oologists’ Hand-Book”’ for only $1.00. We make this offer in order to get our Hand-Book and Davie’s Check List introduced before the coming season. This offer will hold good until March 15th, only. Between 700 and 800 subscriptions expire with the April number. Renew at once, accepting the above offer. Should our friends decide to have the Youne OoLoeist enlarged on May 1st, the parties now renewing their subscriptions will be owing us 40 cents, but to new subscribers having their sub- scriptions commencing before or with the January number, no extra amount will be charged. Back numbers of THE YounG OoLoGisrT will be furnished at six cents per copy. THY OUNEMOOLOGIST: As we go to press, too late for this months issue, we receive from Mr. Jose R, Curtis, of Painted Post, N. Y., a ‘‘grand scheme” to organize the collectors their nests and eggs, into an Association similar to the Agassiz, to be known as “The Knights of Audubon.” Full par- ticulars next month. Errava:—Under Jottings, in January issue, the type setter not only added testi- mony to the large size of the Moa egg, but unconsciously (?) endowed it with a vorac- | ity, heretofore undiscovered by the most eminent scientists, in saying : “There are but few collectors in this country but what an egg or two of this | species would like to obtain.” Our copy read : this species would not obtain.” On January 22d, a bitter cold day ; brisk west wind; mercury at or near zero—we | recorded our first Horned Lark for 1885. Once, twice, thrice we thought we recog- nized his welcome notes, the last call being too much for us, we started in search of our early visitant. We soon found the little fellow, only a few rods from our office door, running and skipping merrily . over the frozen ground, now spite of the cold, heartily asif it was a warm, sunny day in April. On Dec. 1st, 1884, while going to West Kendall, we saw four of these birds; we have observed them every month since last February; can we not soon have them recorded as an occasional winter resident in Western New York? SHALL WE MAKE THE YOUNG OOLOGIST A THIRTY-TWO PAGE MAGAZINE?—For the past few months we have been struggling heroically with the above query, and to- day are as far from a definite answer as the day when it first confronted us. We have decided to let our readers answer the ques- tion, and upon their answers depends whether Tun Youne OoLogist—upon the of | America interested in the study of birds, | ‘« There are few collec- tions in this country that an egg or two of | and then | picking up a stray seed, apparently, in | enjoying himself as | } 139 first of May next (the initial number of Vol. II,)—shall consist of thirty-two pages, “chuck full” and running over with inter- esting items and articles on Birds, their Nests and Eggs, (this issue is only one-half of a fair sample of what we would make it,) or whether it shall be issued, as at pre- sent, with only sixteen pages. If we en- large to thirty-two pages, our subscription price will necessarily be increased to $1.00 per annum. But where could the student of birds obtain more information bearing directly on their hobby for $1.00, than in twelve numbers of a thirty-two paged YounGc OoLoGistT? Let us hear from each and every reader of this article At oNcE. Write short and to the point. A postal will hold your answer. We will tell our friends in the March number how they are going to have Vol. Il, of Tart Youne Oonoetst pub- lished. A collector from Mass. writes us as fol- lows: ‘‘ Different authors use entirely different Latin names; now why do they? For instance, the cat-bird Linnaeus has muscicapa carolinensis; Swainson has orpheus felivor ; Wilson has turdus lividus. Audubon, Gray, and many others have names more or less like these. Has any one who knows nothing about Latin got to go to work and learn them all? If there was some standard it would be all right, for we could easily remember one, but if we must remember a dozen for each bird, the now classical part of the collectors, I am afraid, will get badly left.” The above is in tone about the same as ninety-nine one-hundredths, if not all of the collectors would express their thoughts in regard to this subject, were they to give them to the public. As for ourselves, we are in for “‘plain English,” and avoid the use of the Latin terms as much as possible. To young students we would say, become familliar with the English names first, then, if you have time, or desire to learn the Latin names, learn them as given in Ridg- way’s Nomenclature, which is the ‘‘stand- ard” for America. (Our correspondents i140 in writing for Tok Youne Ooroetst wil] | confer a favor on us by always using | Ridgway’s names and numbers.) Speak- ing or writing about the Hydrochelidon lari- | formis surinamensis will find it much easier to say Black Tern ; both names apply to | the same bird, but we prefer, and use the latter one. SD al ohare rt bit Mie Davie’s Egg Check List. Last December we received a letter from | our friend, Mr. Oliver Davie of Columbus, | O., in which he hinted that in a short time he would place before the oologists of | America a work which would be as neces- | sary and essential for them to have as | ‘bread and butter,” and in fact ‘‘ they couldn’t get along without it.” Knowing | Mr. D. to be a man of his word and not wishing to doubt his statements, we waited patiently to see ‘‘the elephant.” About January 1st we received advance or sample pages of his new work. To say that we were pleased would be putting it mildly. We were then and are now ready to en- dorse any of Friend D.’s statements bear- | ing on the value and necessity of his work. | Thework stands alone in its chosen field, and thousands will be sold during the com- ing season. The book itself is a marvel of cheapness and beauty, and had Friend D. | been one of the ‘“‘ Big Bird Doctors” the — idea of sending out the work for less than $2.00 would have been absurd; but we are — happy to say that, for our good, Friend D. does not belong, as yet, to that fraternity, i and that he is an oologist from the crown of his head to the soles of his feet, and | knowing that many of the younger col- lectors can more readily spare 60c. than $2.00, he has concluded to content himself with very small profit, and has placed the price so low that every American collector will obtain a copy. We trust that the ex- tensive sale of his work will more than re- ward him for his generosity. And we will | say to the collectors obtaining a copy from , us, we will not only refund their money if | not more than satisfied, but will send | stamps sufficient to pay the return postage. | ( THE YOUNG OOLOGIST. Let every purchaser write and tell us what they think of the work. WHAT OTHERS SAY. Dr. Jones, author of the ‘‘ Illustrations of the Nests and Eggs of the Birds of Ohio,” says: ‘‘It certainly will take a prominent place in the ornithological liter- ature of the United States. Fifteen years ago what would I not have given for a work like this ?” etc., etc. ‘* Have looked it over, and find it /nval- uable to the egg collector. The descrip- tions are accurate and the work meets along felt want. The topography of the work is perfect and the price brings it within reach of all. A. N. FULLER, Lawrence, Kas. DEAR Srr.—Received the ‘“‘ Egg Check List.” It is worth ten times the price. PHitip LAURENT, Philadelphia, Pa. <> The Black Snowbird. This bird is common here, building its nest in all suitable places. The nest is placed on the ground, gener- ally beneath the edge of a rock or tuft of grass, and is composed of fine straw lined with horse hair. I once found a nest of this bird built be- neath an old tin pan, and another on some hay in the loft of a barn. This bird generally lays four eggs, but I have found two nests containing five. One of them is now in my collection; the other was too far advanced to blow. Out of over twenty nests of the Snow- bird found by me last season one contained two eggs well advanced, the rest three and four. Will some of the readers of THE Youne Oo.oaist tell me how many eggs the Red- eyed Vireo generally lays ” I have found several nests of this bird containing two and three eggs each, but never any more. ‘‘Minot” says they lay four #nd five. H. H. McApam, Oak Bay, N. B. The Red-eyed Vireo generally lays four eggs in this locality.—[Ep. Queries Answered. Queries to be answered in these columns should be written an a postal or slip of paper—never mix them in your letter when writing about other matters. J. B. B., Wytheville, Va.—The birds, | which you call the ‘‘ Mexican Canary” and | ‘* Michigan Snowbird” are doubtless the | Mexican Goldfinch and Black Snowbird. G. S., Jackson, Mich.—The difference between the Summer Yellowbird has been given in back numbers of the Youne Oonogisr. The latter named bird is commonly and appro- | priately called ‘‘ Yellow Warbler.” H. HK. M., Phila., Pa.—In regard to queries about the birds of Lorain Co., Ohio, would say that the ‘‘Butcher-bird” of that locality is the White-rumped Shrike. The yellow-throated Vireo doubtless breeds there. A. Y’L., Coxsackie, N. Y., wants to know if the bird known as the ‘‘ Hivel” in his locality is not the Yellow-shafted Flicker. G. G. C., Minneapolis, Minn.—The Crimson House Finch and House Finchare | foundin California and South-western U. | S. The former isa sub-species of the lat- ter. Their eggs very closely resemble each other, those of the House Finch averaging the larger. Daviesin his new * Egg Check List” gives their measurements as follows : House Finch, .85 by .65; Crimson House Finch, .80 by .60.. Both birds were un- known to Wilson, and are beyond the scope of Langille’s work. L. P. B., Spring Hill, Tenn.—‘‘ Coues’ Key to N. A. Birds” is the ‘‘ standard work” on the birds of America. W. E. B., Rochester, N. Y.—The egg of the American Goldfinch having faint brown spotsis unusual. We have seen thousands of their eggs, but haye yet to see our | “first ’ spotted one. C. R. H., New London, Conn.—Many | collectors found white eggs of the Bluebird | last season. J. W. L., Brandon, Vt.—We are not ac- quainted with birds having the local names | you mention. Can any of our readers in- form us the correct names for the ‘‘ Cus- tard Kingbird ” and ‘‘ Pump Thunder” ? S. W. V., Birmingham, Ct.—We can fur- nish the nests of many birds at the same price we charge for an egg of the same species. Nests of the most common spe- cies are worth not less than 10 cts. each. W. V. O., Providence, R. I.—You will find the tables classifying the three king- doms, viz: Animal, Vegetable °and Min- American Goldfinch and | i4i ers. THE YouNG OoLoaisr will be sent one year to any publisher giving it a good review. (This offer is not open to small amateur sheets.) We cannot furnish raw cotton; doubtless many of our Southern friends can. Many QueERIsts will find their queries answered in former numbers of THE Youne Oouoaisr. It is folly for us to an- swer the same questions monthly. The ‘“Tip-up” is a very common name in many states for the Spotted Sandpiper. me se OS ee A Peacock with Queer Tastes. The writer and a friend while out gun- ning on Staten Island—previous to the now existing law—were caught in a severe storm and drenched. A dangerous cold was the inevitable result of the wetting; so a council of war was held as to the best means of warding it off. ‘‘A very hot drink” was the verdict. But where could such be procured? A saloon was the only place known of So after a squabble as to be it the cold or saloon, we chose the lesser evil, Entering one on the outskirts of Stapleton, we proceeded to a rear room and ordered hot lemonade, with lots of ginger in ii—the best preventative against a cold. While awaiting its preparation, our attention was attracted by the peculiar actions of a fine large peacock, of stately mien and brilliant plumage, in the room, who apparently was in a mild state of ex- citement. This excitement greatly in- creased when the waiter appeared with the steaming lemonade. ‘‘What’s the matter with the bird?” we inquisitively queried of that stolid individual, who, elearly to be seen, was a ‘‘ native.” ‘He wants to be treated,” answered he, with a grimace. ““Wants what?” ‘“To be treated! Wants a drink.” ““ You don’t mean to say that the peacock drinks?” ““Yaa! Guzzles like an old toper, sir. Just try him.” Which we did. But being of blue rib- 142 THE: YOU NG7 OOWOGIST. bon principles, ordered ginger ale. On it being set before him, the peacock, with a _ seemingly pleased look, thrust his head in | and in a minute the glass was empty. Another glass being produced, he as quickly emptied that, and then walked around ina satisfied manner. ‘“‘ Walks a little gingerly,” observed the waiter, and then, after recovering from tha paroxysm of mingled laughter and stamping, into which his brilliant glint of humor had thrown him, he added that the bird some- times drank whiskey, but as it invariably became stupefied after thus indulging, it | Ale, lager, sweet | was wary of the drink. wine, and other beverages, were greatly relished by it. coining a small mint out of it. parties pay- ing 25 cents and the cost of the drinks to see it imbibe. Frank P. KINGSLEY, New York. ADEA Ma ReeP AeA ACs eo Bird Arrivals at College Hill, Hamilton Co., Ohio. Bird arrivals during Spring of 784 : Bluebird, Feb. 2d. Robin, Feb. 2d. Robins in greater numbers on Feb. oth. Snipe (species unknown), Feb. 21st, (a single one). Snipe (species unknown, supposed to be same one), Jan. 11th. Blackbird (single one), Feb. 22d. Kildeer, Feb. 28d. Chewink (a pair during a snow storm), March 2d. Blackbirds (Purple Grakle), March 2d. Meadow Lark, March 1oth. Red-winged Blackbird, March 15th. Cowbird, March 15th. Red-headed Woodpecker (single), March 23d. Green Heron, March 15th. Turtle Dove, March 28th. Chimney Swift (wind from 8. W.), April 15th. Whip-poor-will (heard a single one), April 17th. Catbird (arrived before but remained hidden), April 17th. The saloon proprietor is | Barn Swallow, April 25th. Scarlet Tanager (two males), April 25th. Baltimore Oriole, April 27th. Wood Thrush, April 28th. Pewee, April 25th. Kingbird, April 26th. Night Hawk (single), May 1st. Hummingbirds, May 2d. 7 Yellow-breasted Chat, May 6th. Indigo Birds, May 2d. Yellow-bellied Cuckoo, May 14th. The following birds were noticed around the house during the Winter of ’83-4 : White-bellied Nuthatch. Yellow-bellied Woodpecker. Red-bellied Woodpecker. Downy Woodpecker. Brown Creeper. Yellow-bellied Flicker. Woodpecker (species unknown). Winter Wren. Screech Owl. Crow. Blue Jay. Redbird. Eng!ish Sparrow. Snowbirds. Hen Hawk. Black-capped Titmouse. Wi. C. Parsons, 31 Monroe Avenue, Columbus, O. ee White-bellied Nut-hatch. Although a very common bird in the Atlantic slope, is, I consider, one of the most interesting of our common birds. There is something noble and independent about the little creature, that any lover or close observer will admire. Its time is all taken up in useful employment, looking for insects, etc. I have never, except during the incubation period, saw them sit for any length of time idle; there is considerable of the angry Frenchman about them. Like many other birds the owl is their great enemy. They, with the Blue Jay, Black- capped Chickadee and others, seem to take particular delight in tormenting their enemies.” I have shot many an owl by Pe ae eee te YOUNG ®OOUOGISi.. 143 simply observing the actions of these birds in looking for their nest during the breed- ing season. One has very often to exercise | a great amount of patience and perseverance | during the building time, the nest is very | readily found. The song of the male bird | at that period is peculiar, and therefore the more easily remembered. By watching | the male bird in the latter part of April, if you are careful and follow at a distance, it is a2 very easy matter to find the nest. He will follow his silent mate, singing and chirping as lustily as he can, or he will perch himself on a limb near the nest and watch for intruders. especially a rival, and in case he spies one, he will immediately give chase. I was watching a paxir last spring and was surprised to see both birds carry out instead of into a hole, fine grass and bark. It struck me as being somewhat | singular, so I seated myself on a stump in full view to watch what would follow. They seemed to be very much concerned about something. When they come out of the hole they would select a crack in the bark of the tree near the hole, and begin to hammer the particles of grass and bark until it was securely hammered fast. They | would then return for another load. Presently | saw a Red or Pine Squirrel come out of a hole a few feet below the one they were working in; the moment they* saw it, they flew at the intruder, who beat | a hasty retreat. They seemed to be very angry, and kept up a continual chattering; thinking that perhaps the squirrel might have taken possession of their nest, I climbed up and cut in, and found to my surprise eight magnificent eggs; there had been nine, but one had been broken. | judge, by the squirrel, as there was a hole in it about the size of a squirre]’s claw. On examination | found the cracks in the bark of the tree above and below the hole, filled with what they had taken from _ the squirrel s nest, which had been built after | the bird had finished laying; the eggs were slightly advanced. On the same day I | found a nest of the same bird with ten eggs init. This clutch I have in my cabinet. IDE MDs MENON Nazareth, Pa. Query. Cyunocitta cristata. The following inci- dent was related to me by a professor in Belmont College, near Cincinati. He said that one day his wife called his attention to a Blue Jay’s actions in their yard. The bird appeared to be ill. He groaned, whimpered and sat unsteadily on the tree. Soon another Jay found him and the two had a consultation. The well bird now examined the sick one and then flew toa cherry tree, procured some of the gum from the bark, flew back and gave it to his patient, who took the dose. This he re- peated until the supply was exhausted. He then flew to a spruce tree and soon came back with remedy No. 2. He then flew away and was gone some time. Finally he returned and administered the third prescription. This the sick bird also took. The professor could not determine what the second ‘‘ dose” was, but the bird séon began to revive and at length flew off with his comrade. (I couldn’t help wondering if the ‘‘ doctor” charged him $2 a visit 7) The following speaks for itself. A lady- Was passing under a tree in her garden. Suddenly a Blue Jay flew down and screaming fastened its talons in her hair. The lady, surprised, looked first up to the tree,and saw a nest filled with fledgelings, then down to her feet and there lay a half fledged Jay who had been crowded out. She had him put back in his home and the mother quited her screams and seemed satisfied. A gentleman in one of Ohio’s inland towns is the happy possessor of a bald head. The other day he stepped out into the yard without his hat, when suddenly a Jay darted down and struck him a blow on his shining pate. He then flew off to his companions who evidently enjoyed the joke very much. Corvus frugivorus. Minot says, that the “rattling sound that crows sometimes make is uttered only in spring. I happened to be near Cincinnati last week and as the 144 THE YOUNG OOLOGIST. crows were flying to their resting place above the city I heard one make that sound. I have often heard that sound before but | | | never in spring and always in the fall and winter. I should like to hear the views of some others on this subject. It is very in- teresting to watch them ‘‘tack” to take | advantage of the upper air currents. WILL C, Parsons, Columbus, O. Spotted Robin Eggs. I noticed in the January number of the Youne Oowuogisr, that Mr. John A. Martin of Wallingford, Conn., spoke of finding Spotted Robin eges. In 1882, in company with a friend while out collecting, we came upon a Robin’s nest with the bird on the nest, and as it was low, I climbed to | the top of a wall, (It was over the wall on | the branch of a sapling) and reached the eggs. | On looking at them I saw they were spot- ted, there were (3) in the nest which I took. This was the only instance that had come under my observation until [ saw a set of | five (very unusual, just the number alone, | as I never took but one set of that number) which were spotted with blotches as large as a No. 1 shot (the blotches were black). They were found by a little boy, and he | sold the set for 15 cents. Hawk, Norwich, Conn. Chas. E. Doe, of Providence, R. L., writes :—Seeing your extract on Spotted | Robins eggs, reminds me of a set of four of | same that was collected by a young friend | of mine near Providence, and brought to | me to see if I could tell what they were. | The nest was built in a spruce tree, and | contained three spotted eggs, and one unspotted; this was during the latter part | ot May 1883. C. W, Swallow of Tyngsboro, Mass., ; writes in regard to the Spotted Robin egg: | ‘Would state that I have one. I took it | from a nest in an apple tree, May 21, 1884. | The nest was about seven feet from the ground, built in the usual manner, and contained four eggs. I did not notice the spots at the time, so could not state whether | the other three were spotted or not. After- | epee F H wards I noticed the egg was quite thickly covered with small brown spots, more numerous about the large end. The egg is a little smaller than the usual size and lighter colored.” hi A Hummingbirds Laying in an Unfin- ished Nest. One day last summer, in North Carolina, while out after eggs and birds for speci- mens, my attention was drawn towards a hummingbird which several times flew to a spot on a slender limb of a sweet gum tree I was watching. I saw nothing, but changing my position, I discovered a nest about twelve feet from the ground. I have the nest before me now ; it is made entirely of the soft down of, I think, the mullien, and instead of being thickly covered with lichens, as is usual, it has almost none at all, and is apparently not finished. From what I could see, the old bird was at work on the nest. There were two eggs in the nest, perfectly fresh. Now here is what I would like to know: Do hummingbirds, or indeed any other birds, ever lay their eggs before their nest is completed? BTA New York. — -e*oe Wisconsin Birds. I noticed with interest the list of Wis- consin birds published in a recent number of Tork YounG Ooxoetst, and should like to make the following additions : King Rail (Rallus elegans)— Found breed- ing on Lake Koshkanong, Jefferson eounty, by Mr. Ludwig Kumilien. Louisiana Tanager (Pyranga ludoviciana) —Found breeding on Lake Koshkanong by Mr. Theo. Kumlien. Frigate (Tachypetes aquilus)—One speci- men shot near here. White-winged Black Tern (Sterna leu- coptera) One specimen shot by Mr. Theo. Kumlien at Lake Koshkanong. Franklin’s Rosy Gull (Chrotcocephalus Franklini . St. Domingo Duck (Arismaturia domin- ica)—Mr. Theo. Kumlien, Lake Koshha- nong. These birds were all positively identified and a part of them are now in the Milwaukee Public Museum. THE YouNG Oo.oaisr is a veay inter- esting paper, and | think that any one in- terested in Birds cannot well be without it. Cras. A. KEELER, Milwaukee, Wis. Miley VOUNGROOUOGIST: POSSILS CLOSING SALE. Every lot warranted to give best of sutisfac- | tion. Most of the fossils listed wre fine fresh 50 to 500 per cent. above our prices. Collec- tors and Dealers are requested to cramine specimens, and are generally retailed ut from | our prices. Ten per cent. discount will be | allowed on orders amounting to $10.00 or Over If ‘‘ Lots” ordered are not in stock, we | reserve the right to substitute other lots eqally desirable, if not otherwise instructed. | 211 5 Rhynchonella capax, Wanye 18 qe 00 to eet tt OO Ft Fh 0 tO a Gomeindes, 1). - 212 3 named fossils, one rare, - 12 213 10 Rhynchonella whitei,, Ind., 10 214 6 Zaphrentis celator, Indeas 2 6 215 4 Pentremites pyriformis, Ue LS 216 36 Pentremites godonii, K’y 25 217 0 Crinoid heads, K’y, - 15 218 35 Ritza evax, Ind., - - 20 219 18Rygos pira modesta, Ind., fine 12 220 6 Rhyncotreta cuneata, Ind., very fine, . - 3U 221 8 Megaptera casei, - 15 222 30 Rhynchonella WIE Ind., very fine, - 30 223 30 Same as No. 222. - 25 224 35 Atrypa reticularis, = 25 225 20 Pentremites godoni, Pope Oey OE - - 30 226 7 Same as 225, 12 227 Rhynchonella dentata, Indy 25 228 7 Orthis biforata var. _ Acutili- rata, Ind: = - 25 3 229 Sameas 228 - 25. 2:4 230 12 Atrypa reticularis, St. Paul, Ind., very fine, . - 30 1 | 231 12 Same as No. 280, - 35 1 Bae) Le a - s 35 2 | Raomiee. a ; - 50 2 234 10 Retzia evax, St. Faulk With jg. ae 20 1 235 9 Same as No. 234, 20° 1 236 20 Archimedes wortheni, ie Wan eae tk | 237 40 Same as 236, - 40 1 238 10 Rhynchonella capax, Deca- tur, Ind., very fine, - 30 2 239 12 Same as 238 - 3) 2 | 240 4 Orthis Sateen. Ind. very fine, - - 20. 1 241 3 Platyostoma niagarensis, Ind., very fine, - - Rolemlen! 242 3d Sameas 241, - : = 40 1 | 243 18 Rhychonella Indianensis, Ind., - - = 25 1 244 245 247 248 249 250 246 251 252 258 254. 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 269 270 27 272 278 284 275 276 277 QT 279 280 284 989 9838 284 285 286 287 288 289 290 291 292 295 294 295 296 297 298 from the Pleistocene cla Lots 248 to 266 nclasives are at” Princess Pt., Casco Bay, Maine 6Mia Arenaria, - 10 Astarte elliptica, - a Same, poor, - - 15 Leda lanceolata, Le 6 Leda striata, assor ted iti Labels mixed, - 20 Astarte bor ealis, 2 50 $8 : 6 SODA ai ss Seped i CLAN dules, 2 = - 6 Same as | 2538, - - 5 ae : = 18 Leda tr ancata, very fine, 30 Leda truncata, 50 2 - . ‘ «6 ~) = ‘ ‘ Hoey ss Bi very fine, nho- y Meristina maria, Ind., large 5 same as 267, y 5 Rhy nchonella str “lida, Ind. 2 Strophodonta striata, Ind., 50 Rhynchonella indianensis, Head of eusalIHOer Ines) « cae- latus, : : - Same as 272, fine, - - 3 Str ophomena rhombadalia, 6 Orthis elegantula, 9§ Ha eae crispa - hynchonella cuneata, ‘i Meristella nitida, = 11 ne 12 Anastraphia chaser, 9-Cyclastomena plebo, 3 Eichwaid reticulata, fine, rare, 3 Duneanella borealis, 7 Orthis hybridi, — - - 2 Rhadocrinus malissa 2 Spirifer radiata, one having geode in side, - 4 Streptorhyncus, etc., - Lochinella concentrica, Same as 289, - - - Rhynchonella neglecta, 8 Large Indiana fossils, Labels mixed, E = 2 Straphostytus cylostomus, Root stem, and two heads of Encalyptocrinus obovatis 3 Trilobites, from Waldron, Ind. a Gastropods, Ind., 3 Cyclostomena niagar ensis, Ind. 2 same as 296, - - Head of eucalyptocriuus, tached to another fossil, at- pH as co Hm tO Br ret Ee CO Fe mo He OD He 09 OD 09 0 09 TH SE ES 00 0 0 0D LO we We BH SH 9 0 0 10 Se 0 Coe AS) t o ae (eo) tS So CS He Ce Sy) CU 299 300 301 THE YOUNG OOLOGIST. 2 Sacrocrinus crystyi, - Limestone slab from Ind., co vered with fossil coral and other remains, fine, 50 Ledatruncata, - € Lots 302 to 345 inclusive are from Wayne Co.,Ind., andare mostly very fine. 4 Ambronychia radiata, — - 3 of same, 6 Orthis occidentalis, ce ce ce “eé Orthis subquadrata, — - ce Orthis biforata, ce ‘< Orthis sinuata, - = Strophomena alternata, ce ae «ae Streptelasma corniculum, oe oe Gu Cases gag soo RS ea es eé 2 Gastropods and two pieces of an Orthoceras, Z E 3 pieces of Orthoceras — - 1 “a ae ae 1 Strophomena rugosa, - 3 Cyclomena bilix, - - 8 Streptorhynchus sulcatus iO Lot of unnamed Indiana corals, fine, - : : 7 Rhynchonella capax var., lamellosa, = - - 8 Rhynchonella capax var., per- kamellosa, - - 4 of lot No. 325, S - 9 Monticulipora approximata, 9 Monticulipora dalei, = 4 Monticulipora pulchellus, 1 Monticulipora magnithica, Fossil root from Pa. coal, 7 R. capax and O. sinuata, 7 Orthis penelope from E.,N.Y. Mitchelina Bo enels and Z. Halli, - - 8 Tropidol« plus ci aurin: tus, 8 8 OWWWWWEWWWWWWHWWWW KE WWE KR WwoWwwe ltl seal ee NS ce ASD le per- ») jt RFPWwWoWwWwrrR eos el ww ww w W St Ot Ot SL 300 354 B00 306 307 308 309 360 361 362 363 364 365 366 24 Tropidoleptus carinatus Anchor crinoide, - - 6 Same as 350, fine, - 6 “ce 12 a = 3 Spirifer Hor the Hamilton, Crinoid stems (including two Anchor crinoids, fine) - 2 Orthis vanuximi, - 4 Trilobite tails : - 2 Slickensides, - - os Atrypa reticularis, - 5 = 2 Mitchelina Henadigneass 2 Mitchelina Hamiltonensis, very fine, - Lots 348 to 366 are ae the Hamilton near Skaneatles, N. Xe Lots 3867 Hamilton period of Madison and Cortland Co’s., N. Y., 9 Spirifer medialis, - : (oe) ' Due e Saute 16 or < @ is Simply add one pint of pure rain water. If too thick at any time, reduce with water. Address WM. OLDROYD, Columbus, Ohio. Black Hills Cabinet Minerals. WHOLESALE AND RETAIL. eae * 4,000 lbs. constantly on hand. 30 varieties ; any size, some of them are Tin Ore, Mica, Selenite, Dendrite, Needle Crystals of Tourmaline, Dog Tooth Spar, Garnet Slate, very black Biolits. Fossils, Baccu- lits, Nanticus Ammonites. See advertisement in and February YounG OOLOoGIST. Write for price-list. January L. W. STILLWELL, Deadwood, D. T. Mention ‘ YounG Oovoaist.”’ THE YOUNG OOLOGIST. PHONETIC SHORTHAND. te S oo.a"gees. Send stamp for specimen pages, &c. W. W. Oscoopsy, St Rochester NY ONGOODBY'S METHOD. EVERY OOLOGIST must have, to be tully equipped tor the coming col- lecting season, 1 Brass Blowpipe, r5c., 148; Drill, r5c. too Data Blanks, 25c., Lattin’s Hand-book, 25c., Dayie’s Egg Check List, 60c. The above articles (and the YouNG Oo.oaistT, which we suppose you already have) are indispensible to the wide-awake collector. Until April rst we will send the five articles priced above, post-paid, upon receipt of OW, SL-OO- FRANK H. LATTIN, Gaines, N. Y. MINERAL Curiosities & Specimens From the Rocky Mountains. D. C. WOODEND, Manufacurer and Wholesale Dealer in All Kinds of Mineral Curiosities, 260 Park Street, DENVER, COLORADO. LIST OF CURIOSITIES MANUFACTURED: Clocks, Jewel Caskets, Ink Stands, Horse Shoes, Crosses, Photo Frames, Pin Cushions, Paper Weights, Compass and Square, Anchors, iicewEtes All of the above goods are made up of from twenty to thirty-five varieties of Minerals and Petrifications. STUDENT’S COLLECTION Of twenty-eight Minerals, Ores and Petrifi- cations, which include Gold Ore, Silver (re, Lead Ore, Peacock Ore, Copper Ore, Iron Pyrites, Fluor Spar, Arazonite, Moss Agate, Moss Jasper, Wood Jasper, Wood Opal, Chal- cedony, Fortification Agate, Petrified Cedar Wood, Crystalized Palm Wood, (Quartz Crystal, Rose Quartz, Kock Crystal, Smoky Quartz, Forest Rock, Alabaster, Pink Satin Spar, White Satin Spar, Selenite, Iceland Spar, Rhomb Spar, Amazon Stone. Each specimen correctly labeled, Every one who wishes to begin the study of Mineralogy should have one. Sent, post-paid, by mail, for $1.00, D. C. WOODEND, 260 Park Street, DENVER, COLORADO. Send Stamp for Price-list of Mineral Curi- osities. Address Great Inducements to Card Collectors ! NEW DEPARTURE FOR 1885. Send four one-cent stamps for a handsome Set of Cards, and full particulars. Address G. H. BISHOP, Rochester, N. Y. HOT SPRINGS. All kinds of Mineral specimens found in this lo- cality, securely packed and sent at the very lowest prices. Crystalized Quartz, Loadstone, Wavellite and deposits from the hot water are my specialties. Send ten Cents and two letter stamps for sample of Quartz or Loadstone. P. O. Box 475, Re CAL EEN: Hot Springs, Ark DON’T READ THIS. Boys, if you want to get a good bargain for your friends, as well as for yourself, send for one of our unexcelled sheets of stamps, on approval. Twenty- five per cent commission. Amateur papers please insert for three- months, and send bill. Mention this paper. INTERNATIONAL STampP Co., No. 9 Central St., West Gardner, Mass. A THOROUGHBRED JERSEY BULL. CAN BE REGISTERED. Owing to my limited space I will sell one of my best young Jersey Bulls or will exchange for Bronze Turkey Hens, Houdans, Plymouth Rocks, Pekin Ducks, or a horse power, double or single, in good order. Correspondence solicited from parties who mean business. Address F, M. CARRYL, Passaic Bridge, N. J. FASTER NOVELTIES. Boy and Girl in Egg Shell drawn by Swans; Boy and Girl breaking Both of these beautiful novelties send for 12 cts. A. G. BASSETT, Rochester, N. Y. The Young ; Mineralogist and Antiquarian. Egg. ee ee A popular Monthly Magazine, devoted to Mineral- ogy, Geology, and American Antiquities. Original and strictly first-class. January No. contains a prospectus of The American Archaeological A ssocta- tion, now being formed, 75c. per year; single numbers 8c. each. Address at once, T. H. WISE, Publisher, Wheaton, Ill., U. S. A. Words of Favor, Picked out at random from hundreds of others. “Your magazine will no doubt cultivate (especially in youthful minds) a taste for research, that will no doubt culminate in much good.—/. M. Tzernam, Ashville, N.C. ‘““ To say that I am pleased with the Young Mineral- ogist and Antiquarian, does not express it. I am more than delighted with it.’—S. P Ruf, Jaekson, Mo. ‘‘T can cordially say you improve etch issue, you have many and exhaustive articles in your numbers, month after month._—/. F. Fletcher, St. Johnsbury, Vt. THE YOUNG OOWLOGIST. Exchanges and Wants. Brief special announcements. ‘‘Wants,’ ‘“Ex- changes,”’ inserted in this department for 25 cents per 25 words. Notices over 25 words charged at the rate of one-half cent per word. No notice inserted for less than 25 cents. Notices which are merely indirect methods of soliciting cash purchasers cannot be ad- mitted to these columns under any circumstances. Terms, cash with order. WANTED! —First-class Birds’ in Exchange in large quantities. what you desire in exchange. Gaines, N. Y. imeee and Cusienttes Send list and state Frank H. Lartin, I have a fine lot of U. S. cents and half cents, some uncirculated ; also colonial hardtimes tokens. War tokens, store cards, foreign coins, and silver. Corres- endence solicited. Address R. R. GAY, 36 Marietta , Rochester, N. Y. iseeea Pinel Animals, andl Meer Heads change for breech- loading shotgun, Also Vol. 1 Geol. of Wisconsin to exchange. E, L. Brown, Durand, Wis. To EXCHANGE. Ea oman microscope, 6 inches high, 3 lenses and sliding tube, valued at $2.50 for best offer in rare minerals. FRED S. Ope, Lapeer, Mich. Stamps, minerals, Indian relics and curiosities for second-hand type, blank cards, etc. James C. Jay, La Hoyt, Iowa. Will exchange birds’ eggs, minerals, continental money, rare stamps, curiosities for other rarities. Send stamp for list and reply. Harry F. Haines, Elizabeth, N. J. Indian relics, To ExcHANGE.—Minerals, asi and eggs for the same. E. D. Droun, Weldon, Montgomery County, Pa. One Gambling Stone for every fine arrow head re- ceived. Golden Gems of Penmanship, Outlines of the World’s History for Indian Relics. Querist must en- close postal. CHas. MILLrer, Jr., Sanborn, N. Y. Box 25. to ex- | Dendrite, Epidote, (Oonue. Red and Peel Por- | phyry, Limonite and Red Jasper ; ; also fine sea curi- | osities, viz.: Star Fish, Sea Urchins, Shark’s Eggs, etc., either in large or small quantities for nice Stamps, Coins, Minerals, Confederate Money, Indian Relics, &c.' Please send full list to E. G. Hagtow, Lynn, Mass. Two large collections of Birds’ Eggs—4o kinds each —such as Buzzard, Hummingbird, Night Hawk, &c. Write for full particulars, Will exchange one collec- tion for a good pair of Clamp Roller Skates. Address J. L. JOHNSON, Jr., Oxford, Miss. Wantep—U. S. Cents of the following dates: 1849, *50, 52, 54, 56, and 1877. Will pay cash for same. Write for prices to A. T. JOHNSON, Hiawatha, Kan. CuHEAP—One Porcupine Quill, Specimens of Copper | and Iron Ore, two rare Fossils, and a Petrified Shell, all for 25 cents. EMANUEL SENN, 253 12th St., Milwaukee, Wis. DEALERS.—We can furnish you anything obtainable in the line of Oological specimens, supplies and instru- ments, at lowest wholesale rates. We can also furnish you with one of the best price-lists out, for less money | than you can obtain them of any printer in America. For full particulars address the publisher of THE YouNG OOooLocistT. CHANCE FOR ALL. W ANTED—Cash offers V Nickels, word Cents. Address CHARLES B. ANDERSON, Albion, N. Y. without the Orleans Co. MINERALS--CLOSING OUT SALE. Having 600 Pounds of Choice Minerals, on hand, that I wish to close out before April ist, I shall offer them in lots containing twenty-five correctly labeled specimens, all different, for only $2.00. _Sust think of it! Only 8 cents per specimen, and size 2x1¥%4 inches. Satisfaction guaranteed. Send money by registered letter, and deduct the cost of same from amount. Send ro cents for sample spec- imen. Address all orders and communications to E. BYRON HUFF, 6 Winter St.. Boston, Mass. GG COLLECTORS-—You should have your name and address inserted in the COLLEC- TORS’ DIRECTORY. We will insert your name, and send you a copy of the book as soon as published, and also send you two different /ac-szmzle Confed- erate Bills. (22 ~Good ’till March 25th. (28 Ad. rates 50 cents an inch; $2.00 a page. CHARLES” KING & CO., Oberlin, Ohio. FRANK, Hove Aw TiN GAINES, N.Y., Natural History Specimens And General Curiosities. Oological Specimens, Instruments, Books & Supplies a Specialty. Stock UNSURP*SSED IN AMERICA. Publisher of The Young Oologist, a wide-awake Monthly Magazine, devoted to Birds, their Nests and Eggs. (Official Organ of THE KniGHTs oF AUDUBON. General Agent for Davie’s Egg Check List of North American Birds. Circulars free; Sample YouNG OOLOGIST, 4c.: go page Catalogue, 25 cents. *,*Publishers of Natural History and Amateur Pann, please insert this and the above for three months, and send bill, payable in anything we adver- tise. TEXAS SPECIMENS. Bird Skins, Nos, 11, 242, 263, 289, 372, 25 cents each. 362, 50 cents. Minerals, (very fine,) Fossiliferous, Cretaceous Rock, Fossil Wood, Silicified Wood, Flint, 2x2 inch specimens, ro cents each ; Scorpions, 10 cents ; Centipedes, 25 to 50 cents, according to size; Florida Moss, package 10 cents, pound 30 cents ; Land and Fresh Water Shells, labeled with scientific name, eight species, twenty specimens, 30 cents; Fragments Indian Pottery, 5 cents; Flint Arrowheads, IO, 15, 20 and 25 cents; Javelin Points, 50 cents ; all by mail, post-paid. Remit by Postal Order, Note, Registered Letter or two-cent stamps. Orders of One Dollar, or over, will be packed in Florida Moss. Address J. A. SINGLEY, Giddings, Lee Co., Texas. Refer to Publisher YounG OoLoaisr. 460, 480b, Selenite, THE YOUNG OOLOGIST. MOL No. 11. Renae of the Bone Be ie A favorite dwelling place of the Bank Swallow, (Cotile riparia), are the clay banks of the Genesee River, and during the breed- ing season, these graceful little creatures are constantly seen along that placid stream, skimming over the water, now and then dipping in, and then executing a graceful curve, soar far up into the sky, until only a small speck in the line of vision. Their burrows are somewhat similar in construction to the Kingfisher, only smaller, being about four inches and a half in dia- meter, and about two feet and a half deep. At the extremity of the burrow is placed the nest proper, which is usually con- structed of feathers, dry grass or fibers, and lined with down. Sometimes only a few feathers carelessly put together seem to suffice, and I have found the eggs lying on the bare sand and dirt. The eggs are generally about six in number, 68. x 50.; and when fresh, of a delicate pink hue, but, when incubation is advanced, are of a dull white color. In the spring of 1882, I took a trip up this river with Mr. Chas. Merrell of Gen- eseo, an ardent oologist and collector, in search of notes and observations as well as specimens. I take the following from my field book, written on that occasion. “May 28th, 82. Started out with all par- aphrenalia at four o’clock this morning. We were on the banks of the river by 4:30, and soon came upon a “colony of holes” in the opposite bank. Being desirous of watching the building or digging of the nests, I adjusted my field glass and discov- ered one of the swallows at work in the dirt near the top of the bank. It was making a circle by picking out the clay (with its beak), which was evidently the GAINES, N, (ES, N.Y., MARON CH, 1885. j) PusLisHED MonrHLy- 7) 60c. PEk YEAR. | “ouAdevionl to swore a ae it was soon | joined by its mate, and together they began digging away the dirt and forming the | walls. I watched them until they had dug in about 3 inches and then began to think of the eggs. There being no boat or bridge near, we decided to resort to the next best mode of | crossing—swimming, and we were soon striking out for the opposite bank, with | our collecting boxes and implements over / our heads. When we landed we lost no | time in getting into the nest, and, while Mr. Merrell] marked the eggs and wrote out | data blanks, I gathered. | The first hole I explored contained six | fresh eggs, which I passed him, and moved | to the next one. There I found two eggs, | and in the next four, and so on. One hole looked as if it was unoccupied, but I decided to ascertain whether it was or not and standing on a narrow ledge of sod, | | reached my arm in, when to my great dis- | gust, my band encountered a small snake, and springing back with a sudden impulse, I lost my footing and rolled downward into the water. After finishing our work there we re-crossed and dressed, and walk- ed on to the next nesting place. In this way we continued through the day, occa- | sionally going out of our route for other eggs, and when at last we prepared for the night, our days collection consisted of | single eggs and sets of the Bank Swallow, Crow, Red-and-buff-shouldered Blackbird, | Meadow Lark, Black-billed Cuckoo and Chipping Sparrow.” The result was more gratifying than was expected. J have found that a very handy tool to carry is a hatchet with the back end made into a pick about five inches long, and very slightly curved, for very often one has to these nests. JosE R. CurRTIS, | dig away a portion of the bank to obtain | 146 THE) YOUNG OOLOGISi. CORRESPONDENCE. ENGLISH SPARROWS. WHAT IS TO BE DONE WITH THE LITTLE TYRANTS ? Editor Young Oologist : DEAR Sir :—I would like to learn your opinion and that of other oologists concern- ing the hostile actions and rapid multipli- cation of the English Sparrow. This little British usurper has made him- self an enemy to the collectors of this local- ity by his unmerciful attacks on the other birds, few which do very often hold out against him. No bird, however large, that he happens to meet with, is he afraid of, and although he does not always come out the victor he is always ready for the next trial. And as a consequence of his open hostil- ity to all his feathered fraternity, it is a fact undisputed that as soon as he takes up his residence in the neighborhood the other birds begin to disappear. Only the stronger birds as the Blue Jay and Woodpecker seem to be able to with- stand his bold sallies. The Robin, Pewee, Oriole and the like all have to retreat before his attacks. I was quite amused by an incident which I happened to witness last fall. It took place near and old willow tree where a number of Sparrows had taken up their abode. A Blue Jay happened to alight on a tree some twenty feet from the willow. He had hardly alighted when up flew one of these little warriors with feathers all ruffed up, in, no doubt, his best fighting trim, darting directly atthe Blue Jay. But his small majesty caught a Tartar this time, for the Blue Jay, lifting his beautiful head, caught young Johnny Bull in his beak and started to fly off with him. There was a fuss, you may be sure, and the Blue- Jay after carrying him about ten yards let him go, and Johnny scampered back to the willow as fast as he came from it. I have seen an English Sparrow attack a Red-headed Woodpecker. The multiplicity of the English Sparrow is wonderful. It lays at least three broods a season, commencing in May, (I have never seen any eggs before this), and lay- ing until late in August, and some have claimed to have found their eggs as late as September 15th. I have frequently found a nest contain- ing youug ones in it, and at the same time a full set of fresh eggs. The parent, after hatching out the first clutch, lays another clutch and thus lets the young ones hatch itout. Probably this mode of hatching is more common with this bird than with any other. They are also extremely hardy. They do not always migrate South at the approach of winter, but live in their old nests which are in deep holes in trees or in cracks in the eaves of houses and barns, etc. Now the question is, what is to be done with these little tyrants? They are cer- tainly doing a great harm by driving off our pretty summer birds from our yards and gardens, and it would give me great pleasure to hear what others may have to say on this subject. Yours truly, KE. Ottawa, Ill. NOTES FROM KANSAS. Editor Young Ovlogist : DEAR SrR :—I notice several errors made by correspondents of your journal, concern- ing the birds of our state. I desire to call attention to them for the benefit of all inter- ested. In the September Number, W. §. 5. notes the arrival of the Stormy Petrel at Richmond, Kan. As the Stormy Petrel has never before been observed in the state, there is undoubtedly an error as to the identity of the bird. In the same issue G. F. B. mentions the absence of shrikes from Marshall county in the breeding season. If he will carefully examine the hedges of his neighborhood for several seasons about April 1st, he will undoubtedly find nests of the White- rumped Shrike. Would like to ask if the identity of the Song Sparrow whose nest was found March 25 was fully established. These Sparrows remain with us until the middle of April, at which time they have not yet paired. I have never found any breeding in this locality, though they undoubtedly breed in the State the early date seems remarkable. As much has been said in your paper about the number of eggs found in a set of the different species, | give a list of the largest sets taken here during the past two seasons: Catbird 5; Bluebird 6; Purple . Martin 5; Bank Swallow 6; Chewink 6; Crow 7; Bronzed Grackle 6; Blue-Jay 6 ; Yellow-shafted Flicker 9; Mourning Dove 3; Long-eared Owl 6; Cooper’s Hawk 5 ; Quail 34. Yours, Ibe, Manhattan, Kan. Thanks, Prof. L. We trust our older readers from other sections will as kindly correct any mis-statements their young fol- lowers may unintentionally make in our columns. The ‘‘Song Sparrow’s” nest found by G. F. B. was doubtless that of Shore Lark,—Ep. THE YOUNG OOLOGIST. 147 ORNITHOLOGICAL SYNONYMS. “MEXICAN CANARY,” ““HIVEL,” ‘‘THUNDER PUMP.” In looking over *‘Queries Answered” in the February number of the YouNG Oo.oerst, I see that information is desired concerning the local names of certain of our birds, and, although | cannot answer all the questions, I may give a pointer or | so on this, to me, very interesting subject. L. B. B. While in Texas, I often heard the Painted Bunting, or Nonpareil (Passer- ina ciris), called the Mexican ‘‘Canary,” and frequently saw the birds offered for sale by the Mexicans. A. B. UL. I have heard the name ‘“Hivel” applied to the Yellow-shafted Flicker (Colaptes auratus), in Ohio, I think, and, by the way, was ever a_ bird gifted with so many vernacular appellations as this familiar friend. J. W. Lis. “Pump Thunder” is evi- dently a transposition of ‘‘Thunder Pump” | by which name the American Bittern (Botaurus lentiginosus) is known in this locality, though the names of ‘‘Stake- driver’ and ‘‘Shitepoke” (I give the name as pronounced), are common also. A directory of ornithological synonyms will be a welcome addition to any bird lover's library. IDR. IP. Minneapolis, Minn. SPOTTED ROBIN EGGS. I wish to record a find of a nest of two spotted Robin’s eggs, taken season of °83, as I see several finds have been recorded in the YounG Oouoeisr. which I always find time—sometimes when I should be sleep- ing to read through. WI ID, Mio, di@., Ws JD., Cortland, N. Y. In your columns I have noticed several | articles about ‘‘Spotted Robin’s Eggs.” Last season my brother found a nest with two eggs, both of which were spotted just like those in the YounG OoLoeisr. The eggs were found June 15, 1884. I have shown them to several scientific men and they say they never saw such a thing before. A Bluebird’s nest was also found with snow-white eggs. de Ge Tits Brookside, N. Y. H. H. R., of Westerly, R. I., also records a set of spotted Robin eggs. FROM CALIFORNIA. This season promises to be an unusually early one in this locality. On February 4th I took sets of 4 and 8 Barn Owl; incu- bation advanced. February 8th, took sets | of 5 and 7 of the same. These dates are probably the earliest on record for this species. Yours, J. L., Riverside, Cal. J. S. of Anaheim, Cal,, reports his first finds of the season 1885. February 8th. Found nest of the Cali- fornia Thrasher containing two eggs—quite fresh, in a wild sage bush about a foot and x half above ground. February 11th. Found nest ef the Road- runner containing two eggs which were left over for more as they generally lay four. February 13th. Found a nest of the White-rumped Shrike containing one egg ; this was in an orange tree, nine feet above ground. This species has now fairly begun, as several nests have been found in this locality. NUTTALL’S POOR WILL. In writing to us about the eggs of the above bird which he found, B. L. B., of Emporia, Kansas, says: There were two in the nest. They were found on the side of a slight hill in a hollow in the ground, and the bird was sitting on them. The eggs are greatly like those of turtle doves, pure white and elliptical. The mother bird greatly resembled a Whip-poor-will, but was smaller. J am positive it was a Nut- tall’s Poor-will. MEADOW LARKS IN WINTER. Your catalogue and price list is very neatly gotten up and a great aid to an egg- collector. On December 31st, just after the snow had disappeared from the fields I happened to see four meadow larks which struck me as being a very funny occurrence. Itis the first time 1 can remember of. seeing this bird remaining until the last of the year. This fact is worthy of mention in your paper. Shall subscribe for your paper the com- ing year. Yours, 1h, MG 1D), IP, Bennington, Vt. FROM WISCONSIN. I noticed in a recent number of the YounG Oonogist, some notes from Durand, Wisconsin. Speaking of the Northern Waxwiug, the writer says they are found there in small flocks nearly every winter. Last winter, during January and February, hardly a day passed when flocks of twenty or more could not be seen about 148 THE YOUNG GOOLOGIST. here. They were found in the city feeding on the berries of the mountain ash, and were exceedingly tame. This winter not one has been seen. Pos- sibly there are fewer berries than usual. Should like to hear from others and see if the bird is equally rare elsewhere. There was a decided increase in the number of birds last winter, and there must have been some reason for it. The Northern Shrike is found here as a trancient visitos only, when it is quite com- mon. The Bonaparte’s Rosy Gull, although considered a trancient visitor here, is often seen in mild winter weather. A short time ago I sent youa list of a few rare birds found in this state. Have since learned that Harris Finch has been captured here twice. Do you want all subscribers who desire to aid the American Ornithologist’s Union on the subject of migration to send their reports to you only or also to the superin- tendent of their section? C. K., Milwaukee, Wis. Send your reports in full to the superin- tendent of your section. Send a condensed report of the most interesting observations to the YouneG Ooutoeist for publication. We find it would require hundreds of pages monthly to print these reports in full, so we must be satisfied with the ‘‘meat.” JOTTINGS FROM MICHIGAN. Received YouNG Ooi.oGisr yesterday and Hand Book and Catalogues some days previous. Just the thing wanted. Many thanks. I have noticed a few things that may be of interest to to the readers of THE Youne Oonoaist. Some time in October I noticed a sharp conflict between a pair of Sparrow Hawks and Blue Jays, the Hawks watching their opponents (about 5 in num- ber) from a dead tree and when they came to attack they would be driven back to the swamp, always getting the worst of it, but I noticed that they always turned over on their backs to receive the Hawk when he attempted to strike them. This lasted for nearly an hour, when they went to far back in the swamp for me to follow. Last summer evenings we amused ourselves quite often by going into a young orchard close to the house for the purpose of listen- ing to a pair of birds which would fly quite near in the dusk of evening, though never to be seen and we would hear the noise without being able to say whether made by the voice or wings of the birds. I will not attempt to describe it, as it would be vain. It was in August and the birds would be apparently near and again at a distance of erhaps one-fourth of amile. Never heard it before and do not think it is a common bird around here. I am in the habit of making boxes for birds to build in, and one day left an empty bird cage out on the stoop, and when f wend to it a few days after, found a pair of English Sparrows had taken possession. It is needless to say they remained and reared one or two broods, though close to the door, through which we were continually passing in and out. A Chipping Sparrow also built a nest in a hanging-basket filled. with moss, within a foot of the same door. My little friends remained unmolested for some time, but finally left for reasons unknown. Respectfully, > 1h, Os Lal Grass Lake, Mich. . The pair of birds you mention were doubtless Night Hawks. In regard to the noise you mention, we take the following from Wilson : ‘* As soon as incubation commences, the male keeps a most vigilant watch around. IIe is then more frequently seen playing about in the air over the place, even during the day mounting by several quick vibra- tions of the wings, then a few slower, utter- ing all the while a sharp, harsh squeak, till having gained the highest point, he sud- denly precipitates himself headforemost, and with great rapidity, down sixty or eighty feet, wheeling up again as suddenly ; at which instant is heard a loud booming sound, very much resembling that produced by blowing strongly into the bung hole of an empty hogshead.” HUMMINGBIRDS LAYING IN UNFINISH™ ED NESTS. In answer to the above I must say that it is my opinion that when the time arrives for the female to deposit her eggs, she must deposit them whether her nest is complete or not. I found the egg of a Catbird on the ground in a swamp; the egg was per- fectly fresh and not broken or cracked, and I think the bird deposited it there either while flying to the nest or because it had no other place to put it. Hens often drop their eggs while on the roost. All this leads me to think I am correct. La Crosse, Wis. In answer to E. A. T. about unfinished nests, I would say that in the latter part of July, 1884, I noticed a Yellow-billed Cuckoo with a stick in his mouth. I watched it, and found its nest with two eggs, incuba- tion slight, nest about half finished. The female was sitting on the nest when I found it. A. O. G., Lawrence, Kan. COLLECTING AMONG THE CALAVERAS GROUP OF BIG TREES. Tn June 1885 two friends—one of them a resident of Oakland, Cal.; the other a gentleman connected with the Smith- sonian, a Mr. B. by name—and myself took a trip to the Calaveras group of big trees on a collecting tour. We were quite successful. The first eggs of any note which we found were owned by a_ bird called the Olive-sided Flycatcher. The nest was placed some forty or fifty feet from the ground on the limb of a red- wood tree. It contained three eggs about the size of an Oregon Thrush’s egg, and a dirty white color spotted on the large end with brown. Two nests of Oregon Snow- bird next fell a prey to us, then came sev- eral sets of California Robins, then, and rarest of all, a set of the Dwarf Thrush. The nest was placed in a bush about two | feet from the ground, and contained two eggs a little lighter than a robin’s egg, and all one color. The identity of the Flycatcher’s and | Thrush’s eggs were proven by shooting the | birds. The others we know from frequent contact. The Thrush’s eggs are in my possession. The Flycatcher’s are either in Mr. B.’s or | the Smithsonian’s. CoN Ge Oakland, Cal. BUTCHER BIRDS. Will you please name the bird of which this is a description, in the query column: Above clear ashy-blue growing underneath ; wings and tail black, a little darker blue on top of the head, a black stripe behind the eye, bill tan color, short | and thick. He was about the size of a | robin. I saw him February 4th, 1885, on a tree, side of a brook. Could find no bird that answered to this description in Cones’ N. E. Bird Life. Wind from 8. H. Temperature about 20 degrees above. 18l, tS. JBL. Providence, R. J. Your bird is one of the Shrikes. A THREE-STORY NEST OF THE SUMMER YELLOW BIRD. Having seen in THE Youne OoLoeist several articles relating the many-storied nests of the Summer Yellowbird, I thought I would add a little experience of my own. One day last year while out collecting I came across an abandoned nest ina clump of blackberry bushes. I was about to pass it by when the unusual length of the nest attracted my attention. I took it, and pull- ing it apart a little, discovered, buried | Dri YOUNG OOLOGIST: lighter | 149 under the top of the nest, an egg of the Cowbird and one of the Summer Yellow- bird. Upon still further examining the nest I discovered another story containing one egg each of the Cowbird and Yellow- bird, thus making three stories in all. COW ne. Brooklyn, Ohio. FROM ST. CLAIR FLATS. I have had some experience in the bird business this winter. One day I went out on the marsh hunting muskrat, and [ found a Marsh Wren on the ice; it went in a bunch of reeds and would not leave. After half an hour’s hard work I caught it. I took it homewith me and put it in the cage with my Canary ; but it was too much for us; went through the cage, got away and doubtless went back to its home on the’ marsh. I have never before found them here in this locality in winter. At another time I was out shooting Ducks and I shot what the people here said was half Mallard and half Dusky Duck. They called it a ‘‘Brewer.” The body of the Duck was dark-brown ; the head was green with a brown streak down the center. The Duck was larger than the common Mallard. Can you tell me the right name or is the above name correct. Please inform me whether it is common for Marsh Wrens and Rails to stay here in the winter, and do they winter in your State ? Last week I found a nice Rail walking around with my hens at my hen house. lel, thy Algonac, Mich. The Mallard has frequently been known to cross with other Ducks. Marsh Wren and Rails winter in the South. BLACKBIRDS; GOLDEN CROWNED THRUSH. Will you please tell me the difference, if any, between the following Blackbirds: It has a hanging nest about 5 inches deep and larger than an Oriole’s nest and made of much the same material. It was up in the top of our common swamp alders. There were several nests in the same swamp; have not seen any except in that place. The bird about the same as our common Red- and-buff-shouldered Blackbird, and the eggs are about the same color. No. 2. A bird about the same size of Bluebird. Color, light brown back, spotted breast- white and reddish brown. The nests are placed on the ground in or near the woods, and is almost entirely arched over and com- posed of grass and leaves. The egys are about the size of a Bluebirds, ground color white, spotted more or less all over with 150 reddish brown spots, thickest at the larger end. Now if you would inform me the names of these eggs through the columns of the YounG Oonoeisr or otherwise you would greatly oblige me. av, Jets 18), Plattsville, Conn. No 1. Your Blackbird is the Red-and buff-shouldered ; they frequently make their nests in low bushes. 2. The Golden-crowned Thrush—often known as the ‘‘ Oven-bird” on account of its covered nest. “MEXICAN CANARY.” I think that part of the answer to J. B. B.’s question, in the February Number is incorrect, as the Painted Bunting or Non- pariel, commonly goes by the name of Mexican Canary in Texas (where I lived for some years). But it may be otherwise in different localities. ily, 1835 1, Richmond, Va. JOTTINGS FROM RHODE ISLAND. Noticing in the last Youne Oo.Loeisr an article on the intelligence of the Blue- Jay, I thought I would send you the fol- lowing article on the subject which I clip from the Watchman : “Near Knoxville, Tenn., recently a Blue Jay was seen to fly a number of times to a high picket fence to attract a pair o kittens playing on the lawn. The kittens finally mounted the fence and began a cau- tious approach from picket to picket. The Jay let the first get within 18 inches, | then hopped over between the two. The second kitten approached, the bird hopped over it. back and between. The first kitten approached and the bird hopped back over it, and so kept it up until one kitten got disgusted and left, and the other followed soon after. Once or twice the Jay tried to inveigle the kittens to another frolic, but failed.” Last summer I found about 6 inches below the water, a large bunch of jellylike matter. The outside was covered with minute fresh water “algae” ete. On cut- ting into it with a knife it appeared to be exactly like jelly, and quite transparent. Can you tell me what it is ? Which system of classification in Botany is more universally adopted, that of Lin- neas or that given by Gray in his text-book. on the snbject ? Andalso other systems of classification. About a mile from where I live there is a stream of water which in one part of of its course has become ‘so clogged up with It turned and the Jay hopped | THEVYOUNG OCLC GIsS® bushes growing out of the water as to be almost a swamp. It is, however, an easy matter to get through some parts of it, as there are small canals just large enough to admit a small boat. It is a great resort for Red-and-buff-shouldered Blackbirds and Purple Grakles. Last year I found there a nest of the Yellow-billed Cuckoo con- taining 4 eggs nearly hatched ; also a nest of the Swamp Sparrow containing 4 fresh eggs. The latter nest was about 6 inches above the water, in a bush growing out of the water. Both these birds are very rare in this immediate vicinity. January 20th a young man who attends Brown Univer- sity here, shot a single Field Sparrow, and Feburary 10th I saw a Chipping Sparrow. According to the Watchman frogs were peeping on January 12th, in the meadows about Taunton. Yours truly, Wi Vi Oo Providence, R. I. A QUAIL QUERY. I have noticed during the fall while gun- ning, that nine-tenths of the Quail that I have killed are females. I have flushed several flocks, killing pretty nearly all in each, and have found this to be the case. In one | shot 17 and there was but one male bird init. In another I killed 14, and there was but two male birds. Out of 78 that I have bagged, I killed but 8 male birds. Is thisacommon thing? I thought that some of your readers might be inter- ested in it. I was always of the impression that the male predominated. 13, 0, WL. Nazareth, Pa. HUMMINGBIRDS. UNFINISHED NESTS —EARLY NESTING. In reply to the query of E. T. A. in the February YouNG OoLoeisr as to whether or not Humming-birds were ever known to lay their complement of eggs before completing the nest, I will say that last year I found a nest of the Humming-bird which, although containing two eggs, was plainly not yet completed. While observ- ing this nest I repeatedly saw the female bring lichens and moss, and arrange them on the nest, thus proving beyond a doubt that the Humming-bird does not in every case finish building its nest before the eggs are deposited. On February 18th of this year I took a set of Anna Humming-bird with incubation far advanced. Whether the beautiful weather that has prevailed in this part of the state during the past month has anything to do with this extraordinarily early breeding I can only conjecture. H ‘Alameda, Cal. THE YOUNG OOLOGIST. 151 Study of Birds. Odd hours may be well spent in watch- ing and studying the habits of birds, es- pecially the most common ones. It may be thought by most persons that there is nothing new to be learned about birds so well known as the chipping sparrow or barn swallow, but many an interesting fact can be picked up by anyone giving a little time to their study. | Now some city per- son will say, what can you learn about birds in a city? Ihave livedin a city some years, and the bulk of my study of birds and their habits have come while in the city. Among the birdsI have noted as being commion are the Robin, Catbird, Bluebird, Phoebe, Barn and Cliff Swallows, Kingbird, Night Hawk, Baltimore Oriole, Red-and-buff-shouldered Blackbird, Cow- | bird, Crow, House Wren, Song Sparrow, Chipping Sparrow, mingbirds, son, All but four or five of the birds I have | some | named nest inside of the city limits, of them in our door yards. While birds have habits common to all the individuals of a species, they have also individual traits or peculiarities, that are | interesting and show some degree of rea- | The study of general an- | atomy could be profitably carried on with © soning power. the study of habits. Don’t think, however, that When you have a good collection of notes at your disposal, you are just ready to be- | gin another branch of study, that of col- lecting and examining the evidences of reasoning power you have collected. Gather together all the parallel cases and | form your theory. Then, ever after be on | the watch for facts to sustain it. An Intelligent Bird. In front of a window where I worked last summer was a butternut tree. A hum- ming-bird built her nest on a limb that grew near the window, and we had an oppor- tunity to watch her closely, as we could look right into the nest from the window. One day there was a heavy shower coming up and we thought we would see if she covered her young during the storm, but when the first drops fell she came and took in her bill one or two or three large leaves growing ciose to the nest and laid this leaf over so it completely covered the nest ; then she fled away. On looking at the leaf we found a hole in it and in the side of the nest was a small stick that the leaf was fastened to, or hooked on. After the storm was over the old bird came back and unhooked the leaf and the nest was _per- fectly dry.— American Sportsman. pe asi ig a ne el The International Stamp Company, of West Gardner, Mass., writes : ‘“Continue advertisement in YouNG Ootoeist. O. K. paper to advertise in. “A No. 1’ with us.” This is only a fair sample of many un- solicited testimonials we are receiving. 152 Notes on the Great Horned Owl! from Virginia. Great Horned Owls are very common in this locality, and are .easily decoyed by careful imitation of their deep voiced groaning. They are very careless and bold, and will enter almost any kind of trap. I have caught, stuffed and mounted ten | this winter, the largest being a little less than five feet in alar expanse. They are very Savage in the defense of their nest | and mates, of which latter fact I was made painfully aware of one night, the 20th of January last. The night preceding I had captured a fine male specimen which I placed in the corn house for safe keeping. As soon as it was dark he began to hoot, | and soon called up his mate; then for a couple of hours held a free ticket concert ; one in the corn house, the other on the barn near by. Quietly creeping up behind the corn house and peeping between it and another | building I saw the owl perched on the barn. THE YOUNG GOL OGISm Three times she uttered her deep call | and each time the prisoner gave answer. Then she espied my head as I was peering around the corner of the building, about | fifteen yards from where she sat on the barn. a few moments, she dropped down out of my sight in the deep shadow of the barn, having been boldly outlined against the clear sky ; to fly away though I ; not so. The next instant a dark object came sailing on swift wings between the buildings, struck me a blow on the forehead which nearly knocked me to the ground, passed on leaving me very much bewildered by the suddenness and force of the The owl meanwhile hovering near and seemingly inclined to renew the assault. Then reperching on the barn hooted de- | fiance and ridicule at me. I then gave up the contest and returned to the house to repair my lacerated scalp, which was bleeding freely from two attack. | After a mutual study of each other | wounds, one in the middle of my forehead, an inch and a quarter long, and a deep puncture in my left eyebrow. A few nights after I caught the same owl and found her the most troublesome and savage of any I ever handled. On the 9th of January last while hunting in a large forest near the James River, I was shown a large nest by a flock of crows. They would circle around them, alight in the top of the tree over the nest and look- ing down at it would keep up the greatest string of crow talk I ever heard. Knowing that something, possibly an owl's nest, I emptied one barrel of my gun intoit. It being about forty feet from the ground, to my delight a very large bird of some kind flew heavily out. It only flew about ten feet from the nest before coming to earth, in response to the summons of a load of No. 4 shot. It proved to be a very fine Great Horned Owl. I wished very much to climb the tree for eggs, but not having my spurs with me I lost them. Dissection showed she had deposited them and was sitting. JosEPH B. UNDERHILL, Fork Union, Va. Cian ae ep et as et Nest of the Yellow-billed Cuckoo. (Coceygus amercanus. ) On the 20th of last July I was out in a piece of swampy woods on my farm, Wild- wood, and hearing the notes of a small bird—strange to me in a thicket of willow, and other small timber—I penetrated in or- der to interview the author. AsI did so the sound seemed to move further off, and I followed it. Suddenly bursting through the thick brushwood into a spot more open, I saw just before me, and within reach, a nest of bramble with the bird seated upon it. Gazing at the bird a few moments, I identified her as the Yellow-billed Cuckoo. As this was the first nest of this species that I had discovered I eagerly approached, and tound as the bird flew off that it con- tained two eggs of a light greenish hue, about as long, but more oval than those of ME YOUNG O@LOGISH: the Robin. while one was almost fresh, the other had been several days incubated, and though they were probably her full set, they were, doubtless, her second clutch. The nest it- self, placed on a kind of fork of a small swamp elm, was a mere platform of small sticks, having the space between filled in with the downy catkins of the willows, it was so shallow that it seemed wonderful that the eggs did not roll off. In size the eggs are considerably larger than those of the black-billed species, and I think the bird itself is also larger, though the plumage and general habits, as well as notes, much similar. And whereas the black- billed species is often seen in orchards and shrubberies near to human residences, and nests in such places, yet its yellow-billed congener appears to be more of a swamp. or woodland bird, and chooses such places for nesting purposes. W. L. KELLs, Listowel, Ontario. -~<— Queries Answered. Queries to be answered in these columns should be written an a postal or slip of paper—never mix them in your letter when writing about other matters. 1 (Spee OR Dap Cala,, and others, many thanks for the clippings from your local | We are always pleased to obtafn | papers. are | | These I took, and found that anything new in the ‘‘bird line,” even if it is ‘‘clipped.” G. D. P., Estes Park, Colorado. ‘‘ Jor- dan’s Manual of Vertebrates” is of but lit- tle value to a field collector or an ormith- ologist. L. D., Petersburg, Va. church is the Black Martin. ~ G. B, H., Fernwood, Ill. The Bohemian and ‘‘Northern” Waxwing are the same. M. W., Baltimore, Md. We furnish climbing irons suitable for large or small persons. C. H., New London, Conn. ‘‘Wilson’s” and Common Tern are the same. G. F., Elk Point, D. T. ‘-Manton’s In- sect’s,” price 50 cents, will tell you how to preserve moths, butterflies, etc. A. C. S., Fort Madison, Ia., and others. No. 1 of the ‘“‘Y. O” was printed on news, and Nos. 2 and 3 on light book paper. The bird called | “Marten,” nesting in the steeple of an old 153 W. 4H. R., Burlington, Vt. Eggs of the Phoebe often have a few reddish brown dots near the larger end. H. 8. B., Roxbury, Mass. The American Goldflinch is often called ‘‘Wild Canary.” ©. C. R., Norwich, Conn. The plumage of the male and female Cedar Waxwing is the same. The horny substance resembling red sealing-wax which you found at the termination of some of the wing feathers is from what they derive the ‘‘waxwing” part of their name. The ‘‘wax” is found more or less on many specimens, while on others itis absent. Ss S 3S = “ON 00°24 ‘000'T 19d +-9Gz ‘O0T 18d ‘109 ‘uezop 19g—'h “ON DLocALITyT. PCOUNLYL ia ee OSM DIY Ayawopy ~ Beane ws Race eee Scan ae a cS as Fe en een = pa a Sueeeaeen as eee — fignn007. wi eee a ae eR ie eee —— *.£09997209 mithsonian New No........ Seti Mian key et No. of Eggs in Set. Incubation ~ oes See ale eae en a mee RRL IT Vf mee ee "ONT VEOTO 1 a SO ea Nest { GOVE GIES BN Bae aes A ea 0G'Tg ‘ooo'r sad t:90z ‘oor 19d ‘9b ‘uazop aag—"E ‘oN Lo oa ei ea Pee YOUNG OOLOGIST. 1885: ee BS ge5 THE OOLOGIST’S HAND-BOOK. Lattin’s Catalogue and Price-List of North American Birds’ Eggs and Oological Supplies ae -IS NOW. READY FOR DELIVERY. Neither time nor expense has been spared to make it soveltel ble to the oologist, whether amateur or professional. It contains Eighty-six Pages of Valuable Information. It gives our regular price list of oological specimens and supplies (the most complete ever sent out by any dealer. ) It gives the common and scientific names of all North American birds, arranged and numbered ‘according to Ridgeway’s (the Smithsonian) nomenclature of 1881 3; xt gives: the numbers used in Baird’s check-list of 1859 and those used in Coues’ of 1883 ; it gives the value of the eggs of over 500 species of North American birds, this fact alone making the catalogue invaluable to collectors as a basis of exchange. It names the various families into which the birds of North America are divided, and SESS the birds belonging to each family. It gives, approximately, the number of eggs in a clutch of every American bird. allt tells how to. prepare Spe eta for cabinet, how-to “pack them for transportation, with many other useful hints. A copy of our new hand-book and matalogie will be sent postpaid to any address for only TWENTY-FIVE. CENTS, or we can furnish the hand-book bound in cloth aud gilt for 50 cents. A good wide-awake boy or girl is wanted in every. school and college in America to sell this hand-book. Big pay will be given them fortheir trouble. Full paicuas for stamp. 3 Address, FRANK H. LATTIN, GAINES, Orlesks Co., N.Y. ‘Rubber Stamps! Rubber — Agents, Teachers, Scholars, Students, make money handling our goods. We manufactnre all kinds of Banking and Commercial Rubber Stamps. Self-Inking Stamps. Tom Thumb and Pencil Stamps. Stencils. Steel Stamps. Burning Brands. Presses. . Type. Stylographic Pens. Pencils. Novelties. Etc. Etc. Etc. Send for our circulars and low discount, at once, and take an agency. We are also publishers of the 144 Page Catalogue of SIMs; &¢., Sc: By ‘mail, for 15c. Circulars Free. G. J. CONOLLY & CO., Rubber Stamp, Electrotyping, Wood Engraving os Main and St. Paul Sts, ROCHESTER, N. Y. DEALERS send for our prices to the trade, also for circulars we get up for the Trade. THESYOUNG OOLOGIS®: J. ALDEN SMITH, [LATE STATE GEOLOGIST, | ining Engineer, Metallurgist aud Assayer, BOULDER, BOULDER CO., COL. Will make careful examinations of, and reports upon mining properties in all stages of development, inciuding geological and mineralogical features, present and prospective values, surface maps, drawings of underground developments and surface improvements, assays of ores, market values and mill returns of ores, etc., data. Will also furnish reliable data, general and specific, relative to any mines, mills, or mining districts m Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona, Old Mexico, California, Nevada, Utah, Idaho, Montana, Wyoming, Dakota, etc., for the ad- visement of investors, and those contemplating investment in mines, mills, or processes, comprehending title, improvements, yields, present and prospective values, etc, Also advise as to the kind and general or specific directions for opening and working mines, describe character and value of ores, and the kind and cost of pro- cesses best adapted to their reduction. Will also act as agent for procuring Patents for mines at the lowest rates. Act as agent for owners of mining properties or mills, whether active or idle, and in fact do a general mining, milling and real estate agency busi- ness. Having had more than twenty years’ experience as a pracfical Mining Engineer, fifteen years of that time actively employed in superintending mines and mills in Colorado, investigating and reporting upon prop- erties in nearly all the western States and Territories, and having held the office of State Geologist of Colorado for ten successive years, the writer feels confident of his ability to give complete satisfaction in the execution of any and all commissions that may be entrusted to him. SUGGESTIONS TO CORRESPONDENTS. When information is wanted relative to any Mine, Mining Company, Mill Smelting establishment or process, state clearly the full name, and district where located, with, if posrible, the name of the owner or manager. This is especially important for the reason that the names of mines are frequently duplicated in different districts. For example, there are several ‘‘Irons,”’ ‘“Buckeyes,”’ ‘‘Californias,”’ ‘Home Stakes,”” *‘Last Chances,’’ *‘Hid- den Treasures,” ‘Little Giants,” ‘'Ellens,’’ ‘‘Annies,”’ ‘‘Marys,”’ etc., in as many different districts, and unless special care is exercised in stating locality, it is impossible to reach the particular one intended, TERMS. For ordinary inquiries, which can be answered from the records of the office, one dollar only will be charged. - And having a great quantity of information in note, letter and report books on hand, many inquiries can be satisfactorily answered in that way. And most of the others can be answered by consulting reliable correspond- ents who are retained in most important mining centres. All expensss of telegraphing, railway travel, employ- ment of agents, etc., when ordered, together with a reasonable compensation for time and trouble involved, must be paid by the applicant, at whose instance the investigation is undertaken. SPECIAL EXAMINATIONS AND REPORTS, Including drawings of surface and under-ground workings, special contracts will be made. _ Charges will be no higher, and often much lower, than those of other reliable parties in the srme profession. Parties can rely on honest service and reasonable charges. Rates will range from $50 to $1,000, according to season, locality of mines, extent of the development, difficulty and expense of reaching the ground to be examined, etc. Full in- structions should accompany all orders. | All communications held strictly confidential. Will also act as agent for the PURCHASE OF MINES AND PROSPECTS for those desiring to invest in that way, charging a reasonable commission for the transaetion. There is room for thousands of young men possessed of a fair amount of energy, perseverance and muscle—the more the bet- ter,—to engage in the development of the immense mineral resources of Colorado, and a lack of experience in the business is not necessarily a barrier to success. It not infrequently happens that the investment of a few thousands, or even a few hundreds, in a prospect, under the advice of an experienced and honest mining en- | gineer, leads to the acquirement of a competence in a very short time, sometimes within afew months. There are many experienced and skilled prospectors in the various mining districts who own more prospects than they have time or means to develop, and are generally willing to dispose of one or more for reasonable prices, in order to obtain means to develop others. It is the objecf of the writer to place these prospectors in direct communi-— cation personally or by correspondence with those desiring to invest a few hundreds or thousands, allow them to make their own bargains without the intervention of any “‘middle men.”’ Advice will be given as to the judi- ciousness of these investments, when required, and only a reasonable charge made for time consumed, and ex- penses incurred in making the necessary examinaiions or inquiries. Will also, on the same terms, give direc- — tions for the judicious development of claims ; and if desired, superintend the work either personally, or by ef ficient assistants. : ; : REFERENCES. Goy. Benj. Eaton, DENVER, CoLo. Sen stor THos. M. Bowen, Wasutncton, D. C. Ex-Gov. Wm. GILPIN, He RRPRESENTATIVE G. G. SYMES, b ee Sec’y. H. M, TELLER, DENVER, COLORADO. 46 66 Joun Evans, ce S. H. ELBert, a JuDGES SUPREME CouRT, ss Joun L. Routt, | Pres'T, STATE University, BoutpErR, Coro. Fe F. W, PirTkin, me | Wa. N. Byers, DENVER, Coto. Dun’s COMMERCIAL AGENCY, DENVER, COLo. BRADSTREET'’S COMMERCIAL AGENCY, DENVER. xO), Vol.1. No. 12. THE YOUNG OOLOGIST EDITED AND PUBLISHED MONTHLY FRANK H. LATTIN, GAINES, N. Y. , Rochester, N. We Printed by J. P. Smitu, 80 State St. Correspondence and items of interest to the student of Birds, their Nests and Eggs solicited from all. Ne TN SSSA naan IN OO " GAINES, N. Y., APRIL, 1885. Terms of Subscription. Single Subscription - - 60 cents per annum. Foreign Countries, - - - vo " Sample Copies, = - _The above rates include ese. 6 cents each. Terms of Advertising, Madc known upon application. mate. Remittances should be made by draft on New York ; money order or postal note payable at Gaines, N. Y.: ; or by registered letter. Unused U. S. postage stamps of any denomination will be accepted for sums under one dollar. Address all subscriptions and communications to THE YOUNG OOLOGIST, Gaines, Orleans Co., N. Y. (28 Make money orders and drafts payable to FRANK H. LATTIN. N. Y., as Send copy for esti- Entered at the Post Office at Gaines, Second-class mail matter. nd JOTTINGS. We have compiled an exhaustive index for Vol. lof the Youne OoLoeist. Never has there been published one-half the amount of valuable information for the collector at double the money as we have given our readers during the past year in our little monthly. We can, during the month of April, furnish Vol. I. complete —see index for contents—for only sixty cents. Complete your files while you can. Back numbers will soon be exceedingly rare and valuable and possibly not obtain- able at any price. {ust suEe MonTHLY 60c. PER YEAR. SPECIAL NOTICE.--Each f umber of Vol. II, of THE YOUNG OOLOGIST will contain 32 Pages. Subscriptions and Renewals will be received until April 2oth, 1885, at 75 Cents. After that date $1.00. New Subscriptions _ Can commence with any number. The Knights of Audubon promises to be a great success. Several Legions have al- ready been formed. Look out for Eggs of the Owl, Hawk. Crow and other large species this month. It’s now too late for many Owl’s nests. Hundreds of subscriptions expire with this issue. Renew at once. We cannot afford to lose a single subscriber. During the month of April we shall open an office in Albion, and will then be. able to attend to all correspondence the day received. Oldroyd’s inks are good enough for us. We are using gallons of them. A pint of any color costs only fifteen cents and we find it gives better satisfaction than the little bottles purchased at the stores for the same amount. For our own benefit we have postponed the awarding of March prizes and have extended the time for closing the competi- tion until April 20th, at which date the last _ subscriptions can be’ sent at 75c. This may possibly be our last competition. THEY YOUNG @OOLOGIST. For every new subscriber you may send us for the YounG OoLoGist, we will give a copy of our new Hand-book. R. E. Doran & Co., Victoria, B. C., in- forms us that it will be impossible to issue their Directory until September. Dissatis- fied subscribers can have their money re- turned on application. Mr. L. W. Stilwell, of Deadwood, Da- kota, carries one of the largest, if not the very largest, stock of minerals in the Northwest. low and specimens fine. work up a mammoth mineral trade and well deserves our assistance. Our friends will find him both prompt and courteous in filling their orders. We are deluged with Vol. 1, No. 1, periodicals hailing from all quarters. Of the few remaining which were started a few months since we might mention the His prices are remarkably | He is striving to | Young Mineralogist, Wheaton, Ill.; Tidings | trom Nature, Rutland, Vt.; Worcester County Naturalist, Worcester, Mass., and a few others as worthy of support. Mr. J. A. Singley, of Giddings, Texas, | wishes us to inform the readers of the Youne Oowoeist that he has disposed of the eggs he may collect this season, and consequently neither has nor will have any for sale at any price. for the benefit of ‘“‘the boys” desiring Texan specimens (other than eggs) to read | friend §.’s advertisement and give him a trial. Davie’s Egg Check List is going like “hot cakes ;’ one-half of the first edition has been disposed of already. The re- markably low price, 60 cents, after de- ducting commissions, expenses, &e., rather takes from than adds to friend D.’s pocket book. Price will soon be increased. A word to the wise is sufficient. Collectors are delighted with the work. We might also add | Explanations for the contents and make- up of this issue were given last month. We think we have given our friends the worth of their money during the past year, and will furnish more than $1.00 of infor- mation during the ensuing. If you donot receive May number send 10 cents for sam- ple. Money will be refunded if you are not more than pleased with its contents. Subscribers to Vol. II will receive twelve numbers just as good as the May issue. Should any of our readers or their friends desire the services of a reliable Mining engineer, metallurgist or assayer, we wish to call their special attention to the advertisement, on last page of March Youne Ooxuoaist, of Mr. J. Alden Smith, (late State Geologist) Boulder, Col. The references Mr. 8. refers our readers to speak more for him than we could say on many pages of the Youne OoLoGistT. —»-e RESULT OF THE COMPETITION. The following are the names and ad- dresses of our friends sending us the largest number of new subscribers between February ist and March 1st. The figures to the right tell the number of names sent. Five Dollars in Gold, Lincoln Rappleye, Trumansburgh, N. Y., 10. Our Birds in Their Haunts, Davis and Baker, North Granville, N. Y., 8. Two dollars worth specimens, “HH. J. Thomas,” Concord, N. H., 5. One dollar’s worth specumens, T. Lilien- crantz, Oakland, Cal., 3. Davie’s Egg Check List, Chas. Moffett, Minneapolis, Minn., 3; James F. Davis, Springfield, Mass., 3. Cloth bound Hand-Book, C. W. Swallow, Tyngsboro, Mass., 2; G. F. Breuninger, Beattie, Kan., 2; E. C. Newcomb, Shoe- makertown, Pa., 2; M. EK. Goodrich, South Evanstown, Ill., 1. <<>> We have obtained a lot of neat little hard Rubber Syringes, just the thing for rinsing birds’ eggs, &c. Guaranteed to please. By mail, 35¢.; three for $1.00. THE YOUNG OOLOGIST. CLIMBING IRONS. a ENN Style No. 1. Style No. 2. \ Either of the above styles sent by express, strapped ready for use, upon receipt of $2.50. FRANK H. LATTIN. Gaines, N. Y. Ele SKINS. Don’t pay dealers prices, but buy directly from the collector. Egle) sSpaje Sanne aSySP I have made arrangements to sell the following collections of skins, made up first-class, with full data of collection, at the following rates : Collection of ro species - $1.50 Collection of 25 species - Bri iste) Collection of 50 species ~§- 10.00 Collection of 100 species - 35.00 A trial order will convince you that I will do just what I say. The kindred study of Oology cannot be properly studied without the bird skins. Remit by registered letter, and deduct same from order. Now is the time to start a collection. W. W. WORTHINGTON. Box 44, Shelter Island, New York. POSTPONEMENT. During 1885 we have decided to give a prize, in addition to the regular commission | allowed, to the ten subscribers sending us | the largest number of new subscribers for the Youne Ooxoaist. For the March and April competition, we will give first prize, $5.00 in Gold. Second prize: One copy of Langille’s, ‘Our Birds in their Haunts,” worth $3.00 Third: $2.00 worth of anything we advertise. Fourth: $1.00 worth of anything we advertise. Fifth and Sixth each, ** Davie’s Egg Check List.” Seventh to Tenth each, one copy of ‘“The Oologists’ Hand-Book, bound in cloth.” Subscriptions must be mailed from your office during the months of March and April, not later than April 20th. Subscrip- tions mailed on the 20th will count. Prem- iums will be forwarded to the lucky win- ners on the Ist of May, and their names | published in the June YouNG Oo.Loeisr. Should two or more parties send the same number of subscribers, the highest prize will be awarded to the party whose list was sent earliest in the month. Dont delay, but commence work at once. Address, | THE YOUNG OOLOGIST. | Gaines, Orleans Co., N. Y. —* <> Our Premium List in a Nut Shell. For every new subscriber, one of our present subscribers may send us, we will give twenty-five cents worth of anything we advertise, or offer for sale in THE Youne OoLoGistT, our Catalogue, or any circular we may send out. We trust our friends will obtain for us as many new subscribers as possible. Weconsider our premium list one of the largest and most varied ever sent out by any publisher in America. Parties desiring to obtain a costly premium can send in their names, as fast as obtained, and we will give them a check good for 25 cents, in trade, when the required num- ber of checks are obtained they may be sent to us and we will send the premium desired. Parties prefering cash in place of the above will be allowed 15 cents on each subscription, one copy of THE YOUNG) COLOGIST: IN ORDER TO REDUCE THE LARGEST STOCK of BIRDS’ EGGS in AMERICA before our removal to Albion, we have concluded to offer our patrons Frrst CLass SPECIMENS at the following LOW PRICES until APRIL 25th, 1885. After that date all orders will be filled at regular rates only. Satis- Saction guaranteed or money refunded. All orders will be filled promptly, and forwarded by return mail or express, AT MY RISK, POSTAGE OR EX- PRESS CHARGES PREPAID. Remit at once by draft on N. Y,, money order or postal note on Gaines, N. Y. Boys you have less than 30 days to order of ‘‘ Lattin ’ him at least one small order during that time. our postmaster and ‘‘ Lattin.”’ ) at GAINES. He has’ given you low prices. Give our little postoffice such a boom that it will delight both You run zo rzsk, as he guarantees satisfaction. OUR SPECIAL RATES, GOOD UNTIL APRIL 25TH. Collectors sending $ .50 can select from the following list eggs to the amount of $ .65. 1.00 eo 1.40. “ “ 2.00 “ “ “ 3.00. e oe 5.00 iad ae ec ec 8.00. ¥ yp 10.00 rs vi e 17.00. ry - 25.00 te ny ie ie 45.00. uo ue 50.00 ae be ot 00. Dealers will do well to accept either of prices named, the two last offers. , registered letter, or stamps. Send e 100.00. Small orders unde: fifty cents will be filled at Red-headed Woodpecker - 12; Centurus Albifrons, White- FIRST CLASS EGGS. | Californian Woodpecker - 40 fronted Woodpecker - 100 af Terns x | Yellow-shafted Flicker ~ 05 | Turdus Grayi, Gray’s Thrush 40 Rugsetacked J pope u if es Road-runner, Chaparral Cock 50 | Mimus_ Gracilis, Long-tailed Mockingbird a 3 E 19 | Groove- billed Crotophaga 3 00 Mockingbird = - 40 Gath ks Ms . - 03 American Barn Owl - - 75 | Polioptila albiloris - - 76 Deocretanirasher A 4 05 | American Long-eared Owl 75 | Thryothorus albinucha - - 75 Bluebird _ 03 | Little Screech Ow] - — 60 | Euphonia affinis, Euphonia 50 Roatetailed Crake! it £ »o | Great Horned Ow! - - 175 | Saltator atriceps - = - i) Cactus Wren = 2 = 59 | Burrowing Owl = ; - 60 | Icterus gularis = = 50 idiomas Vien = — . « 0g | Sparrow Hawk - - = 40 | Icturus auratus, Goldenswinecd \iesioan Isianes Wien E 16 Cooper’s Hawk = = =| BE Oriole =e = - 100 Black-and-yellow Warbler - g0 | Red-tailed Hawk - - 1% | Lampropsar divas - - — 56 Black-poll Warbler - iy 75 | Red-bellied Hawk = - 150 | Tyraunas satrapa, Golden- Wellonebreneteds Ghat a 12 Swainson’s Hawk ee Pah 150 crowned Flycatcher - 65 Loggerhead Shrike © - | - 25 | Black Vulture, Carrion Crow 100] cEcOND CLASS EGGS. White-rumped Shrike = Bm SURENS NS ier ahl id Cedar Wax-wing - - - 10 | White Fronted Dove - - 65 | Ronin SF RO Purple Martin - - - 99 | White-winged Dove - - 50 | Mockingbird | Seat tt ee OG Cliff Swallow - _ ~ 95 | Ground Dove aol Catbird a4) Gees peta OD Barn Swallow WS pre Oe? gua pe SazelCockee oan i = 79 | Brown Thrasher - - - 03 Summer Redbird - - - 40 | Bob-white, American Quail 12) Bluebird = - mia Ws (13 English Sparrow = iS 05 Texan Quail = 5 a 20 | White-rumped Shae = - 12 Crimson House Finch - - 19 | Califorman Quail - - - 20 | Purple Martin SN es, WS TD American Goldfinch ~- - 0s | Snowy Heron Phat = 20 | Cliff Swallow = = = (iy Green-back Goldfinch - - 309 | Louisiana Heron - - ~- 20] BankSwallow - - - 08 Lawrence’s Goldfinch = go | Little Blue Heron i = 20 | Crimson House Finch - - 08 Grass Finch - = - - 08 | Saas Heron 5 = = aa American Goldfinch - - 06 is 7 a) 30 AON LOK Slit i: te a Re Dupin ALLOW. 2 LaF Seen Em ee 20 (| ualsonist Plover s)—ity ie anicwmeoo Field Sree See OO) Western Lark Finch - - 35 | Whimbrel - = = = 55 | Song Sparrow == la ChippingSparrow - - - 03 | AmericanCoot - - 1 15 | Cardinal Grosbeak - - 10 FieldSparrow - - - 08 | Mallard - - - - - 25 | Bine Grosbeak - - 2 Black Snowbird - - - 35 | Redhead - - - - 40) Yellow-headed Blackbird - 10 Song Sparrow = a 03 | American Eider - ‘ - 30 | Red-and-buff-shouldered Californian Song Sanson - 20 | Ruddy Duck Sh Shiai oON lt MiB Tclebirda re = 102 Texas Sparrow -— s - 100 | Double-crested Cormorant - 3d Reduandee nish onidered Californian Brown Towhee 25 | Great Black-backed Gull - 80 | Blackbird rl hah ge 10 Cardinal Grosbeak -~ - 15 | American Herring Gull - - 25 | Blue Jay SAAN ee bad Ray RCO Rose-breasted Grosbeak - 29 Ring-billed Gull = 5 80 | Pewee - 06 Black-headed Grosbeak -~ 35 | Laughing Gull - - = 25 | Red-headed Woodpecker - 10 Blue Grosbeak = - 60 Forster's Tern - - - 30 | Yellow-shafted Flicker 04 Painted Bunting Nonpareil 29 | Common Tern - = = 10 | Burrowing Owl ites |) Si Black-thi oated Bunting - 45 1 Arctic Tern FoF Se i |) isan Dome s = = OE Cowbird = ze 05 | Roseate Tern = = - 15 | Ground Dove = = : 25 Bronzed Cowbird - = 1 25 | Razor-billed Auk 3 > 40 | American Quail = = - 08 Yellow-headed Blackbird - 15 | Common Puffin - - - 40 | California Quail - - - 10 Red-and-buff-shouldered Common Guillemot - - 30 | Florida Gallinule - - - 10 Blackbird - . = 03 | Californian Guillemot - - 35 | AmericanCoot - - - 10 Wagler’s Oriole.) ao =) etd 001) eestor a es te sSOiNatlardi sy 9.) aN ae Hosded Oriole 2) ¥2 ajt2) 7 7a) Guinea Bowl) - Wy cyl Redhead s\n) 0 esas Brewer’s Blackbird = - 12 Domestic Pigeon = 2 05 | American Eider = = = 25 Great-tailed Grackle - = 60 Ruddy Duck = = - 75 er oneee ciadkle = = 5) 58) CENTRAL AMERICAN EGGS. Anion Homing Gull - 7 cissor-tailed Flycatcher — 25 ommon Tern - - - 0 Kingbird, Bee Martin - 05 | Meleagris ocellata, Ocellated | Arctic Tern - = = to Phoebe bird, Pewee - 05 Turkey = = s 3 00 | Least Tern - = = = 08 Western Yellow-bellied Fly- Ortyx nigrogularis - - 1 00 | Leach’s Petrel Sila = uaa ne catcher - 40 | Geococcyx affinis, Mexican Common Guillemot - = - 20 Parauque Goatsucker - 4 00 Paisano = = - 200 | English Sparrow - - 02 Address, FRANK H, LATTIN, Gaines, Orleans Co., N. Yi: THE YOUNG OOLOGIST. Agents, Novelty Dealers and Col- lectors. make Big. Pay selling our RUBBER goods. Circulars and terms FREE. STAM 144 Page Catalogue mailed for 15c- Cc. J. CONOLLY & CO., Rochester, N. Y. Sener Sez teyorepe) have a copy of the ‘‘ Collectors Directory,” which contains the addresses of Collectors of Birds Eggs, who wish to exchange eggs with others, and addresses of reliable dealers, &c. Price 10c. CHAS. KING, Oberlin, Ohio. FOR SALE, A fine collection of woods, minerals, and fifty-three bird’s eggs, also a three drawer black walnut cabinet, Box 913. R. O. SMITH, P. O. Box 39. Englewood, Ill. FASTER NOVELTIES. Boy and Girl in Egg Shell drawn by Swans; Boy and Girl breaking Egg. Both of these beautiful novelties send for 12 cts. A. G. BASSETT, Rochester, N. Y. DON’T READ THIS. Boys, if you want to get a good bargain for your friends, as well as for yourself, send for one of our unexcelled sheets of stamps, on approval. ‘Twenty- five per cent commission. Amateur papers please insert for three months, and send bill. Mention this paper. INTERNATIONAL STAMP Co., No. 9 Central St., West Gardner, Mass. PHONETIC SHORTHAND. fee° 8 5o.07seee: Send stamp for specimen pages, &c. W. W. OsGoopsBy, Publ., 6oN. Fitzhugh QCCOQDRY'S METHOD, St., Rochester, N. Y. HOT SPRINGS. All kinds of Mineral specimens found in this lo- eality, securely packed and sent at the very lowest prices. Crystalized Quartz, Loadstone, Wavellite and deposits from the hot water are my specialties. Send ten Cents and two letter stamps for sample of Quartz or Loadstone. "OUR SPECIALTY —_!IS——_ Low Prices and Good Work. We do all kinds of Job Printing, in the latest and best styles, at bottom prices. Data Blanks, Naturalists’ Labels, Cards, Note Heads, Envelopes, Tags, Price Lists, &c. Printed to order with Neatness and dispatch. Send us copy, or write us what you want, and get our prices before giving orders elsewhere. We will save you money, Address A. M. EDDY, West Kendall, N. Y. | cents; Flint Arrowheads, 0, | tried. | royd’s excell all others as a writing ink. | not injured by freezing, and will not corrode a pen. | A package in powders, sufficient for one pint of either EVERY OOLOGIST must have, to be tully equipped tor the coming col- lecting season, 1 Brass Blowpipe, 15c., 13% Drill, 15¢. roo Data Blanks, 25¢., Lattin’s Hand-book, 2sc., Davie’s Egg Check List, 60c. The above articles (and the YounG OorocistT, which we suppose you already have) are indispensible to the wide-awake collector. | Until April rst we will send the five articles priced | above, post-paid, upon receipt of SN sl-oo: FRANK H. LATTIN, Gaines, N. Y. TEXAS SPECIMENS. Address Bird Skins, Nos, , 242, 263, 289, 372, 460, 480b, 25 cents each. 362, 50 cents. Minerals, Selenite, (very fine,) Fossiliferous, Cretaceous Rock, Fossil Wood, Silicified Wood, Flint, 2x2 inch specimens, 10 cents each; Scorpions, ro cents; Centipedes, 25 to 50 cents, according to size; Florida Moss, package ro cents, pound 30 cents; Land and Fresh Water Shells, labeled with scientific name, eight species, twenty specimens, 30 cents; Fragments Indian Pottery, 5 :. 20 and 25 cents; Javelin Points, 50 cents ; all by mail, post-paid. Remit by Postal Order, Note, Registered Letter or two-cent stamps. Orders of One Dollar, or over, will be packed in Florida Moss. Address . A. SINGLEY, Giddings, Lee Co., Texas. Refer to Publisher YounG Oocoeist. N. B.—I neither have, nor will have, Birds’ Eggs for Sale or Exchange. Oldroyd’s National Inks These inks have been sent to over twenty States in this Union, besides Canada, India and Asia. Rev. Samuel G. McFarland, Superintendent of Government Schools in Siam, Asia, says he has used them a great while, and likes them better than any he has ever A. I. Root, of Medina, Ohio, editor and pub- lisher of Gleanings in ‘t Bee Culture,’ says he has tested and sold thousands of bottles of Olroyd’s inks, and has sold thousands of bottles of others, but Old- They are black, blue, violet, green or red, sent free to any part of the United States upon receipt of fifteen cents. EIGHT PACKAGES, - - $1.00 FIVE DOZ. PACKAGES, $5.00 (=> Simply add one pint of pure rain water. If too thick at any time, reduce with water. Address WM. OLDROYD, Columbus, Ohio. COINS! STAMPS!! My 24 Page Illustrated Catalogue, contain- ing prices of thousands of Coins, Stamps, Cur- rency, &c., sent free, with two Silver Plated Medals, for loc. For sale only by W. F. GREANY, 827 Brannan St., San Francisco, Cal. THE YOUNG OOLOGIST. Exchanges and Wants. Brief special announcements. ‘‘Wants,”’ ‘‘Ex- changes,” inserted in this department for 25 cents per 25 words. Notices over 25 words charged at the rate of one-half cent per word. No notice inserted for less than 25 cents. Notices which are merely indirect methods of soliciting cash purchasers cannot be ad- mitted to these columns under any circumstances. Terms, cash with order. I have a fine lot of U. S. cents and half cents, some uncirculated ; also colonial hardtimes tokens. War tokens, store cards, foreign coins, and silver. Corres- ondence solicited. Address R. R. GAY, 36 Marietta t., Rochester, N. Y To ExcHaNGE.—Minerals, fossils and eggs for the same. E, D. Droun, Weldon, Montgomery County, Pa. WanTED—U. S. Cents of the following dates: 1849, "50, 52,54, 56, and 1877. Will pay cash for same. Write for prices to A. T. JOHNSON, Hiawatha, Kan. WantTeD.—To Exchange a fine pair of Roller Skates, (No. 71) cost $4.00, for a pair of Climbing Irons, or the best offer of Birds’ Eggs. Address Drawer B, Crystal Springs, Copiah Co., Miss, To ExcuanGe.—Fine collection of Eggs, about two hundred different kinds, 350 in all, also scroll saw, lathe, emery wheel, circular saw and drill, double barreled shot gun, with fixtures, Smiles’ Works (4), also pair of Barney & Berry club skates. The above property is in good shape. Will sell or exchange for other desirable property. Watch wanted. Further particulars from F, O. HELLIER, Grass Lake, Jack- son Co., Mich. For ExcHanGge.—Star Fish, and Eggs of the Skate, or Sand Shark, for Birds’ Eggs, in sets, or stal- actites. JOHN M. SWAN, Jr., 14 Central Ct., Newport, R. I. MountTep Birps.—I will exchange for collections of Eggs, (two of each kind,) and no less than sixty different kinds of medium and large ones, and one hundred small ones, the following Mounted Birds, all dated and labeled by me. 1 Baltimore Oriole; 1 Car- olina Rail; 1 Chestnut-sided Warbler; 1 Red Wing Starling; 1 Black and White Creeper; 1 Red Start; 1 Gold Finch; 1 Blue Bird; 1 Black Capt. Titmouse. These birds are all mounted on collection stands, by me, and are some of my best work, and are all labeled, when shot, and by myself. Address JOHN T. JONES, Professional Taxidermist, Malden, Mass. WaNTED.—To exchange Foreign and United States Stamps, for full clutches of well identified Birds’ Eggs, with data blanks. Also well preserved bird skins, with data blanks.. Also any books, in good con- dition, on Ornithology or Oology. Be sure and write explicitly the first time. to avoid useless correspon- dence. Give each article you have for exchange what you value it at. Also give full list of all the stamps you want, and their price as stated in any reliable catalogue. Address W. A. JOHNSON, 526 Fourth Avenue, Detroit, Mich. DeEALERS.—We can furnish you anything obtainable ‘in the line of Oological specimens, supplies and instru- ments, at lowest wholesale rates. We can also furnish you with one of the best price-lists out, for less money than you can obtain them of any printer in America. For full particulars address the publisher of THE YounG Ooo.ocist. \ MARINE CURIOS. 7 fine Starfish or sea urchins, or 4 shark eggs for 25 cts. The lot for 60 cents. Starfish and sea urchins 5 cts up; 12 fine sea curios, 25 cts; club rates given. Address, E. H. HARLOW, Lynn, Mass CONFEDERATE BILLS—Set containing $1, $2, $3 ; Post-paid, only 15c. Address, R. R. GAY, 36 Marietta St., Rochester, N. Y. TIGER COWRY, (CYPR4 TIGRIS.) From the East Indies, is one of the handsomest and most durable shells in the market. Size 2x2x3 in., usual retail price 25c., but owing to our large stock will send a sample by mail, post-paid, for only 12c. One dozen by Express for 60c.; fifty by Express for $2.00. FRANK H. LATTIN, Gaines, N. Y. Send 10c. for the largest pack of advertising cards ever offered. Agents wanted tc sell Foreign Stamps on commission. 25 stamps and terms free. A. ©. PHILLIPS; » Sinclairville, N, Y. Established 1823. WM. H. WARNER & BRO., MEDALISTS, 1123 Chestnut St., PHILADELPHIA, PA. Washington National Monument Medal. Obverse —bust of George Washington. Reverse—Washington National Monument, dedicated Feb. 21, 1885. Size 21, White Metal, fine proof. The above Medal will be forwarded to any address on receipt of price l5c. Circulars of several of our late publications of fine Medals forwarded to any address Free. 11,6 6S S— Pacific Coast Birds’ Eggs & Skins, Ot SA Cita —-LISTS FOR STAMP.— Your correspondence for mutual benefit is kindly solicited. W. F. GREANY, 827 Brannan St., SAN FRancxsco, Cat. Minerals and Cut Gems. I can furnish collectors{ with fine*specimens of the rarer species, including choice Minerals, Semi-precious Stones, and Gems. Crocido- lites (polished african tigers-eye) English fluors of every hue, Baryta, Columbite, Wavellite, Rhodonite, crys. Chalcopysite, green Garnets, (Ouraravite) green Tourmalines, with pink centre, etc. W. S. BEEKMAN, P. O. Box 108. West Medford, Mass. ” ee Ey VOUNG OOLOGISHE:. BIRDS’ teed as represented. marked ‘‘ by express.” BIRDS’ EGGS.—Firsr Ciass AMERICAN. Lot 1—Nos. 1, 11, 12, 13, 221, 93, 56, 157, 164, 181, 1'70a, 149a, 123, E. 8. 231, 237, 254, 260, 261, 270, 274, 282, 304, 306, 315, 875, 388, 460, GSGMOCS MLSs. Mua le wala. $2 50 Lot 2—3-686, 3-688, 3-606, 3-804, 6- QR 6 9 GM ian chien pee eae mee a 95 Lot 8—By express—664, 2-762, 2-768a, 641, 743, 22580, 6-686, 3 G. H., 3- 33, GSR, Bley Gslte tsly ae ewe eee 3 50 Lot 4—431, 580, 686, 282, 688. 263, 574, 375, 244 306, 388, 460, 261, Piomoolemotion Os Geel... ack oe 16 ToOti: Ils), WSS ee Sea ee 1 00 Woro=sopmeolansion 122) 15252045 248, 198a, 41, 170a, 198, 1, 211, 231, HD, UBS, Uae oy SHA a eee ee ee 160 Lot 7—431, 164, 321, 299, 580, 686, 460, 688, 304, 11, 351, 18, 261, 375, 12), iy 7, SUG. CBE re. KO esas 2 10 Lot 8—Sets with data of, 5-282, 5-315, BHO S OMe OO sie 1 60 Lak C—BOCHG, WO obese bens soree lt al) Lot 10—763a, 743, 686, 580, 688, 274, Roa Do Molo 22.) 198a" 70a), 3. 163}, Uae, Iteils We ey Ne eee 1 tet Lot 1156, 198a, 321, 135, 164, 67, 580, 686, 460, 688, 282, 263, 7, 22, 1494, 375, 12, 261a, 261, 272, 306, ROAM OTA cos Oo don ld. ol, 23) 10a tod) 63, 211, 181, 153; TB, TS iess Sle Sacer cue aa eee Re ee 2 90 Lot 12—Express—5-763, 5-768a, 25- GHG, BROS GoPro ss semen neces i TS) ot 13—2-580; 2-375, 261, 261a, 1545 G7, QBaL, Billy BRA sy Ral eXaey asta, and sets with data of 5-282 and 5- Be bibs Sok eee are ea 1 60 Lot 14—Two each of 688, 460, 375, 686, 1, 7, 13, 274. 304, 306, 258, 261, Laie oleclaieGs) Lol. 1/Oa, Hy So.) 2200 ot 15—56, 164, 274, 321, 7, 13, 12) 1, 263, 306, 258, 231, 22, 261, 254, 211, 170r, 63, 154, 41, 157, 304, 275, H.S. 2 00 Lot 16—663, 664,and sets with data one, 1,246 ancl 422, bee ae eedies oe 3 8d ot 17—580, 149a, 164, 170a, 13, 2- 686, 2-688, G. D. and sets with data of 4:1, 42211) 63h. S., 4.261, 2-460.. 1 90 Lot 18—580, 2, 56, 274 375, 306, 272, and sets with data of, 3-686, 3-688, Ami EAH O (il PPiabenn Riel ek il 3. 2 00 Lot 19—Express—4.768a, 4-768, 10- (HG, UO BAGH I ee a ae 4 00 Lot 20-41—Each contains first class side blown eggs of the following species to the amount of 50c. at (an oerayes Sekeeps} SEs EGGS AND MINERALS. Having disposed of my trade and most of my stock, I offer the‘remainderzas3follows. Everything guaran- _In ordering name several lots you would as soon have, as the first one ordered may be sold. Send at onee if there is anything in the list you want. Remit by postal note or registered letter. All securely packed and sent prepaid, if not regular prices. Sent postpaid for.. 28 1, 7, 1s, 22, 56, 68, 154, 157, ,170a, 231, 258, 261, 272, 306, 321, 325, 460, 586, 688, E. 5. C. Lot 41—Express—10-768, 19 G. F., 7-580, 3-306, 127, 40-261, 20-E.S... 4 25 ENGLISH. Lot 42-44—199, 294, 58, 53, 52, 512, BI, tPA, WA aS, CO boos egsonobae 1 00 | Lot 45—58,°58, 52, 82, 187,148, 89... 60 Lot 46-58—Each contain 50c. worth of first class English eggs. No duplicates in a package. Postpaid 28 , Lot 54—4-294, 512, 2-52, 2-82, 89, 2- AS HLA abate cs eto eutarcnes cbobsee 1 25 SECOND CLASS. | Lot 55—525, 246, 557, 68a, 63, 2-289, 2-D. P.. 888,.8-378, 5-460, 3-7, 278, 261a, 5-E. S., 5-304, 164, 151...... 1 Lot 56—390, 270, 278, 271, D. P., 6- 378, 289, 2-460, 2-7, 2-13, Is, 4-804, 22, 211, 154, 231. C., 258, 158, 5- 1 altaya es ues Shel a EN MRC oN ROS Bes 2 30 00 | Lot 57—482, 312, 2.289, 388, 170, 63a, | Lot 59—8x3 specimens of Chalcedony, | Lot 60—2x2 specimens of feldshan, 63, 181, 315, 270, 231, 164. 272, 211, 375, 8-878, 351, 153, 154, C., 22, 12, US, Fe Bash, (Os, GEV to occas ous oc Common and Roseate Tern—Having quite a number of these left I will as long as the supply lasts send them by express in lots to suit pur- chasers, at 6c. each. One dozen by TOO WEI UMtaieerees ip lee ae MEN nse Mil ope Je Ee 80 MINERALS.—AlU Minerals by Haupress. Lot 58-35 varieties rrom 1 to 2+ inches square, including Amazon stone, malachite, dog tooth shan, OSE CWEANNWA, CWOs cobcebossnceaccos 85 1 00 Pyrites, Sphalerite, pearl spar, tufa, smoky quartz, pet palm, cannel coal, jasper and porphyry......... 1 00 mica, porphyry, talc. jasper, agat- ized wood, iolite, gypsum, argent, 60 Lot 61-66—Each package contains from 15 to 35 specimens of the fol- lowing minerals, ranging in size from 4x4 to 24x24. Hach lot weighs from 2} to 4 pounds and contains many very fine specimens, including Williamsite, Seelik, lava, Amazon stone, epidote, sphalerite, pyromorphite, wad, pet palm, jas- per, porphyry, moss agate, apatite, prehrute, stilbite, &c., &c.......- T. H. SPAULDING, ALBION, N. Y. THELYOUNG OG RLO@GIST:. J. ALDEN SMITH, [LATE STATE GEOLOGIST, ] Mining Engineer, Metallurgist and Assayer, BOULDER, BOULDER CoO., COL. JR Ree Ey full page adv. on last cover page of March ‘“‘ Toure Oologist.” JOB PRINTING. First-class V Work -and Low Prices. Catalogues, Circulars, Bill Heads, Envelopes, in the best style. Price-lists, Exchange-lists, Statements, Cards, Business Cards, Visiting Cards, Tags, &c. Work blocked Dodgers, Note Heads, Data Blanks, Labels, Postal Printed if desired. Send copy, or write us just what you want, and get our estimate. Write for Prices. Address. A. cL ST aVenie: P. O. Box 242. Bl=-ck Hills Conner Minerale” WHOLESALE AND RETAIL. 4,000 Ibs. constantly on hand. 30 varieties ; any size, some of them are Tin Ore, Mica, Selenite, Dendrite, Needle Crystals of Tourmaline, Dog Tooth Span, Garnet Slate, very black Biolite, Fossils, Baccu- lites, Nautilus, Ammonites. See advertisement in YounG Oo.oaist. Write for price-list. January and February L. W. STILLWELL, Deadwood, D. T. MEntTIon ‘‘ YounG Oo.oaistT.” “oy s|e0S? [ina Daye JHIGHESny Medals Awarp Ss. PENNOCK ‘B SONS co. * KENNETT SQUARE, PA., AND FORT WAYNE, IND *\SO SOLE MANUFACTURERS OF THE MATCHLESS SELF LOADING, SELF-DUMPING SORAPER. Claremont, N. H. ASTER EGG DYES. eae Red, 1, Blue, Yel- low, Violet and Green. Enough to color five dozen eggs. All the 5 colors for only ro cents. A. G. BASSETT, Rochester, N. Y. Gils ona name, roc. Sample cards and list 6c. SuEMEBE Bros: ; Ft. Madison, Iowa. BIRDS EGGS. Send For Sale Cheap; also eggs to exchange. Correspondence solicited. A. M. SHIELDS. 330 So. Main St., Los Angelos, Cala. stamp for list. CORALS! CORALS!! Just receiveda Job Lot of small specimens, assorted species, just the thing fora retail or exchange trade. Owing to our large stock, can send them by express at the following remarkably low rates. lb. 30c.; dlbs. $1.35 ; 10 Ibs. $2.50; 100 lbs. $20 00. FRANK H. LATTIN, Gaines, N. 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