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Sl z= x = fy = 2 5 g Ue NN: 6 NA: JR : : gst ro) OG te; = AMY’ CO = AIAN oO Uy fy = : 34) = XN 3 PANE GE = : 7 = : 2 BLN B ee : 3 r) LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOILNLILSNI_ NVINOSHLIWS SJ!IYVYGIT LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN : z a z a z a = 2 S : n = a) = 2 = iy = a : = = = a = 0 = ce z = j : = = e = = eS c = Ye 7 c 4 a =M oH f* = a) a om” — [za] ina} =— oOo” = = oO = oO —_ o = (2) as Cc 4 z ay _ sj 2 a) Fa a 2 INSTITUTION NOIJLNLILSNI NVINOSHLINS S3!I1NYVYNSIT LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOILNLILSNI NVINOSHLIWS z = r fe za f- 2 = = Sar ear ies ee Ge fo) — 2 : LAA AAAI P = a s > = 5 a. > 2 ae = D = = po] = es) F - 7 = _ i = 7 : Z | D z ws _& S3SINYVUSIT LIBRARIES | SAIYVYEIT LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN ar Oe 2 aE : eo ae ae 4 "2 ON GS : : > YY 2 Vi S Sy, Re a % S Re ae 9 . Gap = < Se 2° EY 2 E 7 a Tae e B LY 2 ANSTITUTION NOILNLILSNI INSTITUTION NOILOLILSNI NVINOSHLIWS S 3 L We ul , = Zz Ww | - 2 = @ i , < Division of Mollusks A e = & feud ig = ‘ 5 3 : o : Sectional Library 5 e c = ; c 5 = oO Es C : D — fe) = = = 4 Zz =I z Se LIBRARIES Salavagsy LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN ; - Pi — = c | 5D = ro) ; — wo | fe o = ly | 2 s : : § Gy = | | CR EE 5 = Le oe : oo z E ys = o INSTITUTION | NOILNLILSNI_ NVINOSHLINS S31YVUYdI1_ LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOILALILSNI NWINOSHLIWS 8 z : 4 ee : z z g ae = ff = : Sts = SS = ff, = = 4 , z = AWN y g zs | Ys = GYD. 5 z 8 ON z 5 SQ: LY, 8 z MWe W4 (ge Ne S SSA 6 @ S IAQ ee fi ! fy se | AAW O 7 tf, = Oe, x AAS =r CAN oO YY. fl /: Ts fe} : x Ne Pe a E Fe = aN AS Zz E RAY 3 Ot = 2 Se = \ Ee Wz. : yale 5 : ee ve Se 3 : S318¥YSiI1 LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOILMLILSNI NVINOSHLINS SJIYVYEIT LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN | | z ” = “a mS Hf = 4 2 TIT, a uw Vy = lu wo im wn tu Oo = « GY 4 co = \Xy «= = co = = < iy fgmen < 2 WA < a < ‘ S = Fp e = CO BWAINN oe C = = = ae fs fe = WS o 2 m7 = S : e : Se : I £ = Zz — -! NOILNLILSNI NVINOSHLINS S3ZI1yuVUgI LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOJLALILSNI NVINOSHLIWS 1 6 = 2 = 6 ~ S — 5 = a AX 2 9 = “o = w 5 oN OE : F 2 E 5 E ra > Wa 4 = > FE % > = >i = 2 2S = 2 = 2 = 2 = m e m g HA Z int _ ” +, wn = = (22) 5 — S314VuaiIT Liss S a NI NVINOSHLIW SON zt ee NDING TITUT ION, NOILNLILS 2" H ae ee fo) AN : ss SS = < SBN = = fe WO. = = a ee ler andi a Qu = = Wo =i Py. z Ani Ag tie AS = z Gu 2X 5 BG 3 La 8 & pi a \ 8 Gm 2S 5 EY 2 “iy * Sy =SN g : = cot : = , i = 2 4 { > F Fa 3 = 3 a 2 5 Sue a SNSTITUTION NOJLNLILSNI NYINOSHLIWS Sa) yyydin LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN CINSTITUTION NC IPIGITIILORITIN GRRE tee — — = Yy = <3 = < a 2 x ary z =) Ze — 2 el Zz “NOILALILSNI NVINOSHLINS S3IYVYGIT LIBRARIES INSTITUTION NOILMLILSNI_ NVINOSHLINS S31uvual . Ges Zz = z im Z rea z m3 = o 2 o iS o 2 = Ns 5 2 5 2 z > We 5 = WN = 2 = oe = > yee = RNR S E , a = es MS = | LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOILMLILSNI_NWINOSHLINS S31HYVHYdI7_ LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN _INSTITUTIO a Q Pei 2) z wo ‘ Za ” ere <= = < = wh, = = Ws Sah = < 2 = 2 Nw 2 B32 2 YG.5 Nw 2 z A 3 2 2 ON 3 WG ? & fl 2? S28 2 = 2 2 WO les Maas 2 fo 74s) Nee E Ss 3 : ee 5 2 a ne 5 \ _NVINOSHLINS S3INVYEIT_ LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION | NOILOLILSNI_NVINOSHLINS S31 4V¥ a a b Ww & tu yz Ww ao wl fe = X Pe = Pe Lb, a « = a ne a MWS < 2 < y iS < Ee \\ a 3 = ANY = s « 4%, ty 7 S ac = AW & a = SANS o = mo. = ca = SW a2 = ie) BS = e) = ro) a fe) SS = rj Ze 3 Zs a Zz 3 2 4 4 LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOILALILSNI NVINOSHUWS S31uvudi7_LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTIC ag z S z Set ie & z fs oO Ss <0 S aw NE 2) re) = oes S is =) E = Wo E e) = a > Es = E > XS = = EG z a a a = a = a + “Gy = mn aes g 5 Ye nm a aa n i = n = 27) See = NN, NOILMLILSNI_NVINOSHLINS, S31NVH@I1 LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION,, NOPE TTS NU NV INC Seopa a 2 a : se Ge SP z z =] LR S = ify j S .: Yi Se = = 7 oY i. J 5 =. z Wy E 2 ip Ee YS 2 = 2 “yy = 2 = hae z ee Z tl ee : LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN _ INSTITUTION NOILQLILSNI NVINOSHLIWS— LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN _INSTITUTIC = a ie ue i ek a = Ww 2 uw 2 Rs Ww a = a = = i fp + z G WX = = = “S =, 2s te), =j z = SIGN Ge = <* = hic Wy S S EAN 5S = S 4 es “iy, = ie hyn YK ac a a = iS Bae s 5 —_ 6 a 3 ie Zz ; Fa a; Z Shy z ass z IN _NOILNLILSNI_NVINOSHLINS (S318Vualt LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOILOLITSNI _NVINOSHLIKIS_situwua : = Un > . Te) = fo) = fo) Y oe je) = oO = o = o = ty oO = a ~ =a iS : : 2 & Yi = = > We 5 \fa > = > rea EEE? EB = \ WS = = Zz = 2 NOL ae ~ Z Se ron Ww = wn? 4 ’ ae (tp) m Ig 22) = o = is z mM z as ss z ZLIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOILMLILSNI NVINOSHLIWS STIRS EM MSS) SNuMnSeh iss NS ‘ cS * (op) a Ww y y < < = ees = < = < = < 5 = s = th, = = fy, 2° 2 2 : : 2\yi &: > YG.s Sx; e \ 2 8 2 aw 3 WE ? 0 ft 2 NS 2 ek = = = ACA 2 YG fl: = = Gf fe E KAY 2 = LQ a = E SA Z, Va EE =F = x.y = = \\\ a Ze é 2 a eee 5 WN NOILMLILSNI_NVINOSHLINS S31YVYAIT LIBRARIES INSTITUTION) J NOLLDTEESNESNYINGS Toe : 4 2 i 2 2 = a = WwW = Yn = o eS wo = eh = e = ce = = = ce = Wwe ] < 2 hee 2 < ae < c Se SNS: = fe Oe o oa CA Qo & 3 : : = : : 5 As | sa . Z 2 > = fo) aa ro) = S SS = 3 all ZA — z =I - 17 LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOILMLILSNI NVINOSHLINS S3IYWHNGIT LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTI a iS ue Zz iz z Ds = = oO = “oO 2 = NEES) w = WNS i .) = ma x FE > = > WS * = > Ee: > va = 2 = 2 as = 2 : 2 on on om , BD SU vcs z as ae a =e iN NOILALILSNI NVINOSHLINS S41YVYEIT LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN NOILNLILSN! NVINOSHLINS S31uVvus 2 ee = Se z Z z 2 2 Z = "z WS 5 = =) eee = “Ba re) Baie fo) WW Sl Gee ro) Te shes re) ie 2 : g ER 3 2 a Ol ® a 4 E z ES E 2% = 2 C= > = > = > = > 7) sad @ z H 2 rm) 2 ea SN ee Se Rs! ay ited eb ho Ne NAC! DST Re CS NN ONC ae ee 1 SRN 1IRDADI Ce Casi TLUCMAaIAAL AIC TITIIT Ty THE ZOOLOGY OF jsjon of Mollusks Taenc LAVIS} Sectioncl Library Pa VOYAGE OF H.M.S. SULPHUiKS UNDER THE COMMAND OF CAPTAIN SIR EDWARD BELCHER, R.N., C.B., F.R.G.S., ETC. DURING THE YEARS 1836-42. PUBLISHED UNDER THE AUTHORITY OF THE LORDS COMMISSIONERS OF THE ADMIRALTY. Cvdited and Huperintended by RICHARD BRINSLEY HINDS, ESQ., SURGEON, R.N., FELL. ROY. COL. SURG. ATTACHED TO THE EXPEDITION. MOLLUSCA,. BY R. B. HINDS. ESQ. MAMMALIA, BY J. E. GRAY, ESQ. F.R.S., &.— BIRDS, BY J. GOULD, ESQ. F.R.S., &c. FISH, BY J. RICHARDSON, M.D., F.R.S., &e. LONDON: PUBLISHED BY SMITH, ELDER AND CoO., 65, CORNHILL. MDCCCXLIV. po¥Tot2, Pe IS Ancillaria Buccinum Cancellaria Cardita Cerithium Chiton Clavatula Columbella Conopleura Conus Corbula Crepidula Cyrena Cyrtulus . Cytherea Daphnella Defrancia Delphinula Erato Fusus Helix Imbricaria Lingula Lucina Mangelia Marginella Melania . Mitra Murex INDEX OF Page. 8 | GENERA. Page. Nassa. 5 i 4 3 : 5 of Neera . : d ‘ ; : 69 Nucula . A : : : ‘ - 6&2 Ovulum . : , ‘ : . AT Paludina . : : : ; ‘ 7 ie) Patella. : A E ; 5 oS Patelloida s ‘ : ; 6 OE Pecten . : : ; : 5 GO Phos , : f 3 : : A GH Pleurotoma 2 : : F : Arid is Psammobia : A ‘ 5 . 66 Pythina . 5 : ‘ : LO Pupina . 3 ; : ; 5 5 Ranella . _ 5 ; ; Go) Ie Ringicula ; : 5 z 5 AT Rostellaria Rotella. : 5 . : : 5 oY Scalaria . $ : : : : . 48 Scarabus . : , 5 : ; Ait) Solarium . Fi i 3 : : . 49 Tellina 67 Terebra 82 Trichotropis 39 Trilasmis . 71 Triphoris 27 Triton 11 Trophon . 5 j P : : 5 iit Typhis. F ; ; : : lO Venus. ; c < 2 : Go b ME OF ali: SiC, Tue voyage of H. M.S. Sulphur proved eminently prolific in shells, and a very considerable acquisition has been made to science. The very careful search which was unceasingly made on all the shores visited throughout the voyage, and the constant use of the dredge and trawl, whenever circumstances permitted, have contributed to this ; but, above all, the close examination of the proceeds of the dredge, by siftings and diligent washings, brought into notice a great number of small but very interesting species, the great majority of which was previously unknown. This method of search has been hitherto practised to such a very limited extent, and comparatively in such few places, that it is beyond conjecture the number of species to be brought to light is very great, and will most probably much exceed those already known. Nor will the labours of the concho- logist be rewarded only by small species, for many of no mean size were thus obtained by us, as an inspection of the plates will show. Indeed it is truly sur- prising how fecund is the bed of the ocean, in not only Mollusca but organized beings generally ; and it has often been my fortune to have been suddenly inun- dated by the dredge and trawl with a far greater number of beings than the climate, and conveniences of a vessel, permitted me to preserve, and which also gave me several days of unremitting occupation. Confining our attention to the shells,—for, though less worthy, we avoid some circumlocution by speaking of them instead of the animals,—we on one occasion spent a forenoon in the Bay of Guayaquil in using the dredge, and the result gave upwards of fifty species ; and at other times I have repeatedly enumerated between twenty and thirty species from a single cast. The scythe of the dredge collects from a very limited space over a given area, yet still I doubt much if I ever procured so many species of plants, after having traversed during a whole day the rich woods of the neigh- bouring forest. The practical conchologist soon distinguishes, and justly so, between the shells which he finds on or beneath the rocks, in the sands, or among the mud of the shore, and those which are obtained at different depths away from the shore ; B 2 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE SULPHUR. and I shall briefly show, that in any given latitude, the circumstances under which animals live are very different in these localities. Within the tropics the shores are washed by water of a high temperature and of much uniformity, usually ranging from 80° to 87°, and during a portion of the tide many are left exposed to the unobstructed rays of the sun on rocks of a very great degree of heat, such as the species of Littorina, Patella, Siphonaria, and Balanus. Whilst, in the near neighbourhood, at a few fathoms beneath the surface, the temperature will be still more uniform, but less by fifteen or twenty degrees. Some observations were made at different depths with the self-registering thermometer to ascertain these circumstances. Quibo, Veragua 30 Fathoms, temp. 55°60° Surface, 82° Air, 86° N. lat. 7° 30’ China Sea aL Sarr’: P66 me 9884: y» 85°5 ny Oe Bay of Magdalena 6 > me oe & 69 oy OU 9 24.38) Cape of Good Hope 65 ks up Oe, » 64 - S. lat. 34 If temperature alone influenced molluscous animals in the selection of locality, and knowing as we do that within the tropics the high temperature of the surface water gradually declines till at 100 fathoms it is usually about 49°, and at 1000, 44°; then we might expect that as we descended we should meet with species corresponding to those which inhabit the shores of progressively higher latitudes. Our operations were not usually conducted in very deep water, or often above fifty fathoms; for we found by experience that deep dredgings endangered the safety of our machinery, and we had rarely during the voyage the means of replacing it. But under this depth I cannot say that I have observed this to be the case, and we are then compelled to admit the influence of incumbent pressure, and perhaps other causes. There are several groups which in avery marked manner select situations in deep water for their abode, as Cancellaria, nearly all the Pleurotoma, Marginella, Nucula, Corbula, and Tere- bratula. The numerous species of Nucula are found from the Polar seas of both hemispheres to the Equator, but are always abysso-pelagic. There are others which are found in both situations, and particularly the full genus Chiton. It will, however, be seen that the species are here very careful in the selection of their locality ; those which are littoral will not be found in deep water, and vice versd ; some prefer dark situations, under stones, or in the fissures of rocks above low water; others precisely at the limits of low water, or slightly submerged ; others, again, at the depth of a few fathoms; and, lastly, others at considerable depths. At Panama a species of Pecten was found at a depth which subjected it to a pressure equal to upwards of ten atmospheres. These are the circumstances to which, though exceptions may be found, they are as a rule strikingly obedient. The peculiarities which molluscous animals display under increased pressure, MOLLUSCA. 3 naturally provokes comparison with those of vegetation in alpine situations, where atmospheric pressure is diminished. And it will be found that the influence is much more conspicuous among the former; though in both the most decided difference will be traced to species rather than to groups. The character of the floor of the ocean is an important guide as to the animals which may be expected to inhabit it. Oliva, Terebra, Voluta, Pecten and Donax prefer a surface more or less sandy; Conchifere, generally, are prone to muddy situations, and in such they are proportionately in numbers. Venus gmidia occurs in muddy situations along the extent of the west coast of America between the Bay of Guayaquil and San Blas, or about fourteen hundred miles ; but it is not found in the harbour of Acapulco, the sandy floor of which is very prolific in shells, where it is replaced by Venus cancellata, which is partial to sand. And as lichens are scarce in a country which has little or no forest, so, for an analogous reason, species of Fissurella and Chiton are only to be expected on a gravelly or stony surface. The floor of the Bay of Guayaquil consists of sand, mud, and all the intermediate states ; I have mentioned how prolific some parts proved to us, yet in other and sandy situations the dredge was used for hours without the smallest success. Wherever coral prevails its influence is very manifest. Throughout the Pacific Ocean this is witnessed on a large scale ; but it is more interesting to observe it on the western shores of America, where, throughout its vast extent, small patches of coral only rarely occur. At the island of Cano, near the Gulf of Nicoya, we dredged among coral, and found that the Shells all displayed a delicacy in their conformation, and particularly in their colouring. There is no disposition to increased richness in colours, but the reverse, some being nearly blanched, and others with tints more pale and delicate than usual. In the Pacific, which is chiefly inhabited by shells that have migrated from the Indian seas, its influence is extended to the size, and if examined from west to east, many species will be found gradually to diminish. During our sojournings, we were frequently called on to notice the absence of groups, which, from the climate and latitude, it might naturally be expected would have been represented. It is certainly very curious that the two large genera of Conus and Cyprea have no representatives on the west coast of America south of Guayaquil. In the Pacific, a great many large and important groups are entirely absent, or very nearly so, particularly those which are abysso-pelagic. In this ocean, the bottom is usually at an unfathomable depth; and the means of search, and most probably of habitation, are extremely limited. Its peculiar species are few, being chiefly fed by migration from other seas; thus there are no, or scarcely any, representatives of Cancellaria, Pleurotomacee, Marginella, Nucula or Corbula. The species met with are usually found very numerous in individuals, which I do 4 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE SULPHUR. not regard as attributable to their fecundity, but rather as the circumstance which has enabled them to effect their diffusion. Scarcely an American shell is seen in the Pacific. On leaving the American coast, and touching at the Marquesas, a few individuals of abundant Indian species are noticed, as Purpura persica, Ricinula digitata, Conus marmoreus, Cyprea carneola, Solurium perspectivum, Cytherea gibbia, and others, but in considerable scarcity. Proceeding towards the westward, additional Indian species appear at every group, and the conchology becomes gradually more rich and abundant. I was somewhat surprised to find, that there was a marked difference in the shells inhabiting the interior and the exterior of coral islands. Within, the water of the lagoon is always tranquil, and scarcely ripples on the shores, which are formed of small fragments of coral or coral sand ; without, an agitated sea beats unceasingly on a barrier of hard coral rock. In both situations, a platform exists, which at low-water is left bare, but at high-water is covered from a few inches to about two feet. Among the shells confined to the interior are Vellina scobinata, Cytherea gibbia, Pecten pallium, Pedum spondyloideum, Conus betulinus, C. textilis, C. geographus, and some others, with several of the well-known Pacific species of Mitra, Cyprea, Pteroceras, and Terebra. Those of the exterior are more particu- larly several species of Ricinula, Purpura persica, Conus hebreus, C. sponsalis, C. vermiculatus, Turbo setosus, and Cypricardia rostrata. The three cones abound in myriads on the outer platform ; but C. hebreus is also found in the lagoon, exces- sively rare, and in unusually fine condition ; whilst without, it is equally abun- dant, but quite dwarf. The shells of the interior are remarkable for their thin epidermis, delicacy of colour, and for the very severe fractures they have sustained during some period of their existence, and the reparation of which often originated some strange distortions. The terrestrial gasteropodes have also their partialities. The influence of a moist climate is well-known, and need not be dwelt upon; at the Sandwich Islands and New Ireland, we acknowledged its effects in the great variety of species and the multitudes of individuals. And of the numerous circumstances under which they are found, I shall only mention that certain kinds are prone to particular elevations, beyond which they do not seem inclined to exist. These are but a few brief remarks on a subject not without interest, and which might be considerably extended. In the following pages such species only are introduced as are regarded as hitherto undescribed, or where some observations are elicited. From the American portion of our voyage, a number of shells have, within the last few years, been described ; but comparatively so few, that it rather pointed the way, than deprived our researches of originality. Notwithstanding the “fiévre conchologique,” which, with some truth a French writer has remarked, MOLLUSCA. 5 rages at present, few of the above shells are yet figured, and I was under the necessity of availing myself of the collection of Mr. Hugh Cuming for compaiison. It is with much gratification I acknowledge the handsome manner in which his very splendid collection was made subservient to my researches; and parti- cularly as it has enabled me to describe with confidence a number of small species, which otherwise must have been left in doubt, and consequently without notice. CEPHALOPODA. Famity—NaAvrTILACcEz. Navutitus. Linneus. 1, Nauritus pompilius, Linneus. During our visit to Amboina, the animal of this shell was captured by a native on the coast of the island, and very probably in the vicinity of where Rhumphius obtained his specimen. It was carried to the Governor, Colonel De Steurs, who is distinguished for his attachment to conchology. He immediately presented it to Sir Edward Belcher, from whom it came into my hands for preservation. At this time it had evidently been removed from the water for some hours, as it gave out a tainted smell; life was, however, not quite extinct, and some sluggish movements were visible. It had hitherto been undisturbed, but the animal was now carefully removed from the shell, and placed in spirits; whilst the shell was marked, and packed separately from all others of the same kind. On his arrival in England, Sir Edward Belcher determined to present so valuable a desideratum to the Museum of the Royal College of Surgeons, and the animal being removed from the spirits, was replaced by myself in its own shell in the same manner whence it had been removed; and having been submitted to the examination, and received the entire acquiescence, of Sir Edward Belcher, was transmitted direct to Professor Owen. At Vavao, an island of the Tonga archipelago, a fossil Nauti/us was found in the limestone, but the specimens obtained are not such as to warrant any conclu- sion as to the species. 6 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE SULPHUR. GASTEROPODA. Famity—A.Late. Rostevuaria, Lamarck. 2. RosTELLARIA fusus. Murer fusus, Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. 10. p. 752. Rostellaria rectirostris, Lamk. Hist. Anim. v. 7. p. 192. Inhab. Amboina; where it is still much prized in collections. Its actual locality is most probably the Island of Ceram. The necessity for the change of name, though to be deplored, is pointed out by M. Deshayes in a note of the eighth volume of his edition of Lamarck ; where also will be found a valuable, but not complete synonomy. Faminy—Conacez. Conus. Linneus. It is a very remarkable circumstance in the geographical distribution of this large genus, that no species appear to exist on a very considerable extent of the west coast of South America, and much of which is within the tropics. From our own experience it is only found here between the Bay of Magdalena, California, in 24° 38’ north lat. and the Bay of Guayaquil in 2° 48’ south lat. In California two species are met together, Conus interruptus, and C. californicus described below. The group of Cones, of which C. interruptus is typical, is strictly American ; and the few kindred species are found in different situations within this range. This limitation excludes any representative of the genus from a portion of the coast where the temperature and climate do not appear in any way unfavourable to their presence. In the Pacific, Conus are met with as far south as any of the groups of islands, and C. millepunctatus, C. pulicarius and their congerers may be regarded as characteristic of the West Pacific conchology. Cyprea has, perhaps, an identical southern range, as C. exanthema was alone seen by us so far south as the Island of Muerte in the Bay of Guayaquil. 3. Conus marchionatus, Hinds, Ann. Nat. Hist. v. 11. p. 256, (Plate I. fig. 6, 7.) Testa eco- ronata, ordinatim conico-involuta, alba, rufo-fusco angulate reticulata ; spira depressa, mucronata, canaliculata, spiraliter striata; apertura inferne paulisper effusa, prope basin sulcata ; epidermide diaphana levi induta. MOLLUSCA. 7 Inhab. Port Anna Maria, Nukuhiva, Marquesas. In from seven to ten fathoms, among sand. Few specimens only of this species were obtained, but among them were some which were constantly of an uniform paler colour. It somewhat resembles C. marmoreus, and in some respects C. nobilis, to which it is, however, superior in symmetry, and from which it may very readily be distinguished by several characters. 4, Conus voluminalis, (Plate I. fig. 8,9.) Testa ecoronata, conico-involuta, superné valde angulata, albida, maculis rufis longitudinalibus interruptis ornata; spira plano-depressa, persaltum conico-mucronata, striata, maculis spiraliter adscendentibus ; epidermide subdiaphana, lineis vestitis approximatis ; circa basin sulcata. Inhab. Straits of Malacca. In eleven fathoms, among mud. 5. Conus patricius, Hinds, Ann. Nat. Hist. v. 11. p. 256, (Plate I. fig. 1,2.) Testa pyriformi, tumida ; spira acuminata, minute tuberculata vel coronata ; aufractu ultimo striato, superne plicifero, inferné valdé contractato ; apertura lineari; labro tenui, acuto; epidermide fulva levi induta. Inhab. Gulf of Nicoya. In seven fathoms, among sandy mud. The spire is very elegantly and minutely coronated, and the angle of the last whorl is covered with small neat folds; below it is suddenly contracted, so as to impart a very correct pyriform shape. 6. Conus celebs, Hinds, Ann. Nat. Hist. v. 11. p. 256. Placing implicit reliance on Mr. Reeve, when he was engaged on his mono- graph of Conus, and being desirous of rendering it as complete-as any information in my possession could make it, I was induced to describe this shell as a new species ; and though its proportions and epidermis are somewhat striking, I fear it must be regarded as the young only of Conus terebellum. 7. Conus californicus, (Plate I. fig. 3,4, 5.) Test& ecoronata, subfusiformi, involuta, levi, pal- lida vel ferruginea, lineis rufis regulariter induta, maculis parvis lacteis conspersa; spira conica, elata; labro subarcuato, acuto ; epidermide castanea velutina. Inhab. Bay of Magdalena, California. In seven fathoms, on a sandy floor. A somewhat small species, when clothed in its velvety epidermis reminding one strongly of a large filbert, and when this is removed displaying a pale iron- rust coloured surface, traversed at equal distances by numerous reddish lines, and with small milk-white spots occasionally scattered about in irregular clusters. 8 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE SULPHUR. Famity—MurRIcaceE2. Morex. Linneus. 8. Murex Belcheri. Hinds, Proceed. Zool. Soc. 1843, p. 127, (Plate II. fig. 1, 2, 3.) Testa magna, fusiformi, crass, ponderosa, pallidé fusca, multivaricos4; anfractibus quadratis, albo fascia- tis; varicibus numerosis, foliaciis, simplicibus, superné elongatis, fornicatis, tate valde erosis ; aper- tura quadrata, pallidé carnea; labro intus levi, inferné dente magno, crasso, obtuso ; canali tortuoso, aperto, ad sinistram inclinato ; umbilico preecipué magno. Inhab. San Diego, California. From a bank of mud near the head of the harbour. 9. Murex centrifuga, Hinds, 1. c. p. 126, (Plate III. fig. 7,8.) Testa gracillimé fusiformi, pallidé cornea, passim creberrimé striata ; varicibus tribus, subalatis, in spinis compressis laciniatis ; spina ad angulum anfractuum elongata, suberecta ; interstitiis nodo unico ; apertura elongata, ovali: labro intis levi; canali mediocri, rectiusculo, clauso, ad basin subrecurvo. Inhab. West coast of Veragua. Ona sandy floor, in fifty-two fathoms. This species has the general character of M. pinniger and M. capensis, and is very closely allied to the latter. 10. Murex californicus, Hinds, |. c. p. 128, (Plate III. fig. 9, 10.) Testa fusiformi, fulva, trivaricosa ; anfractibus senis, superné planulatis, transversim costatis, costis rotundatis, subdistan- tibus, ad lacinias varicum incurrentibus, intervallis costellatis, creniferis; varicibus sex-laciniatis, suprema maxima alata, deinde gradatim minoribus, creniferis ; apertura ovali, levi; canali clauso, recurvo, ad basin purpurascente. Inhab. California. The individual figured is in the collection of Mr. Cuming. 1]. Murex hamatus, Hinds,l. c. p. 128, (Plate III. fig. 11, 12.) Testa rhomboidea, pallidé lutea, multivaricosa; anfractibus septenis, inter varices areis quadratis; spira subelongata, acuta ; varicibis senis alatis, laciniis uncinatis ; apertura ovali, inferné dente parvo acuto; canali clauso, rec- tiusculo. Inhab. Bay of Guayaquil. From a muddy floor, in twenty-one fathoms. This shell, together with M. emarginatus, M. monoceros, and M. Nuttali, belong to a section of the genus which has been called by Conrad Cerastoma. But if the marginal tooth of the aperture is to be regarded as sufficient grounds for separation, then I fear we must draw freely on some of the typical species, where its existence seems to have been little heeded. Mr. Swainson assigns it as a character of his subgenus Muricanthus or Centronotus; but for the above reasons it ceases to possess any importance. In M. hamatus the situation of the tooth on the dorsal varices is marked by a small sharp notch. MOLLUSCA. 9 12. Murex festivus, Hinds, 1. c. p. 127, (Plate III. fig. 13, 14.) Testa fusiformi, crassa, fulva, trivaricosa ; varicibus simplicibus, recurvis, superné cristatis, subtilissimé creniferis ; interstitiis no- dulosis, lineis subgeminis transversis fuscis eleganter ornatis ; apertura ovali; labro intus sparsim denticulato; canali valdé clauso, ad basin subrecurvo. Inhab. Bay of Magdalena, California. Dredged from seven fathoms, on a sandy floor. 13. Murex foveolatus, Hinds, |. c. p. 127, (Plate III. fig. 15, 16.) Testa fusiformi, crassa, multivaricosa, transversim creberrimé sulcata, laminis minimis longitudinalibus foveolata, atro-purpu- teo pallidé bifasciata; varicibus septenis simplicibus, posticé rotundatis, anticé margine acuta; apertura ovali, coarctata ; labro intis obtuse denticulato ; labio interno producto ; canali aperto, subrecurvo. Inhab. Bay of Magdalena, California ; with the preceding. 14. Murex cirrosus, Hinds, |. c. p. 128, (Plate III. fig. 17, 18.) Testa fusiformi, ventricosa, pallidé carnea, formosissimé multivaricos4; sutura profunda, propé nigricante; varicibus nonis sex- fariam laciniatis ; laciniis fistulosis, albis, respectantibus, gradatim minoribus; interstitiis costis rotundatis lacinias incurrentibus ; apertura ovali; labro intus Jevi; canali gracili, recurvo, feré clauso, dorso bifariam laciniato, serie superiore gemina. Inhab. Straits of Macassar. In fifteen fathoms, among sand and fine gravel. An uncommonly beautiful species, both from the delicacy of its colour and the rich, varied, and elaborate character of its sculpture. 15. Murex gravidus, Hinds, 1.c. p. 128, (Plate III. fig. 19, 20.) Testa globose fusiformi, mul- tivaricosa ; anfractibus senis rotundatis, transversim costatis, superné fusco fasciatis ; costulis ap- proximatis, lamellosis ; varicibus quinis costulis subdivergentibus transitis, posticé foveolatis ; aper- tura ovali, producta ; labro intus levi; canali longiusculo, aperto, ad sinistram inclinato. Inhab. Cape Blanco, west coast of Africa. From sixty fathoms. 16. Murex radicatus, Hinds, |. c. p. 128, (Plate III. fig. 21,22.) Testa fusiformi, pallidé lutescente, multivaricosa ; varicibus quinis, laciniatis, anticé abruptis; laciniis compressis, subqua- dratis, medio lined duplicatis, posticé medio interstitiorum exsilientibus ; apertura ovali, producta ; labro intus levi; canali feré clauso, ad basin subrecurvo. Inhab. San Blas, west coast of Mexico. From eleven- fathoms, among mud. In this species, the lacinie of the varix take root near the centre of the interspace, whence they proceed directly forwards. They are of a squarish, compressed shape, and are partially divided in their middle by an impressed line. 17. Murex peritus, Hinds, |. c. p. 129, (Plate III. fig. 23, 24.) Test& subrhomboidea, albida, multivaricosa ; anfractibus septenis, superne angulatis et fuscis, ultimo elongato in canalem attenuato, D 10 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE SULPHUR. transversim striatis; varicibus senis tenuibus, laciniatis, anticé inter lacinias seriebus duabus ele- ganter crenatis ; laciniis acuminatis, uncinatis, gradatim minoribus; apertura obovata ; canali aperto, ad basin subrecurvo. Inhab. Bay of Magdalena, California. From seven fathoms, on a sandy floor. Typuis. Montfort. 18. Typuis quadratus, Hinds, Proceed. Zool. Soc. 1848, p. 18, (Plate III. fig. 3,4.) Testa subquadrata, fusca vel albida, lineis pallidis transversis ; quadrifariam varicosa; varicibus crassis acutis, ad spiram commixtis, superné nodulosis, in spinis appressis desinentibus ; tubulis subrectis vel deorsum inclinatis ; canali mediocri laterali. Inhab. Gulf of Nicoya and the Bay of Guayaquil. Dredged from a muddy bottom, in from seven to eighteen fathoms. Allied to Typhis Sowerbi, but distinguished from it by its squarish shape, thick and nodulous varices, closely appressed spines, and the decided lateral direction of the canal. 19. Typuis arcuatus, Hinds, |. c. p. 19, (Plate III. fig. 1,2.) Test cornea, fusiformi; qua- drifariam varicosA; varicibus arcuatis, inermibus, ad spiram bené distinctis, superné in tubulis desi- nentibus ; tubulis complanatis, ascendentibus ; canali mediocri recurvo. Inhab. Cape of Good Hope. Dredged on the L’Agulhas bank in from forty to fifty-four fathoms. Shell fusiform, of a horn-colour; the varices arcuate, terminating in the tube, and ascending the spire even to the apex, giving it a pyramidal shape. The character of the bowed spineless varices is peculiar, and altogether it is a very distinct species. 20. Typuis nitens, Hinds, 1. c. p. 19, (Plate ILI. fig. 5, 6.) Testa ovali, albida, levigata, nitida; quadrifariam varicosa; varicibus acutis in spinis excentricis desinentibus; tubulis rectis; canali brevi recurvo. Inhab. Straits of Macassar, Indian Archipelago. Dredged from among gravel and coral in eighteen fathoms. Looking from the apex, the spines and tubes will be seen to be disposed in an elegant spiral manner about the spire. It is the first species, as far I am acquainted, that has hitherto been found in the Indian seas, and is at the same time the smallest yet recorded. 21. Typuis Belcheri, Broderip, Proceed. Zool. Soc. 1832, p. 178. Murex Cleryi, Petit. Revue, Zool. 1840, p. 327. MOLLUSCA. 11 Inhab. Cape Blanco, west coast of Africa. A specimen of Murex Cleryi from Paris has enabled me to compare it with Typhis Belcheri, and to coincide in the opinion, previously gathered from the descriptions and figures, that they are the same species. Triton. Montfort. 22. Triton vestitus, Hinds, Proceed. Zool. Soc. Feb. 27, 1844, (Plate IV. fic. 1,2.) Testa ovata, solida, fusca ; anfractibus rotundatis, transversim striatis, lineis longitudinalibus decussantibus precipue spire, nodulosis, ultimo albo fasciato; apertura elongaté ovali; labro incrassato ; intus dentibus geminis albis, undique purpurascentibus ; columella purpurascente vel nigra plicis albis varicosa ; fauce alba, epidermide valde lamellosa, pilis nigris numerosis induta. Inhab. Realejo, Gulf of Nicoya, and Bay of Honda, on the west coast of America, among the rocks of the shore. 23. Triton convolutus, Broderip, Proceed. Zool. Soc. 1833, p. 7. Inhab. Marquesas, in from seven to ten fathoms, sandy mud. New Guinea, in twenty-two fathoms, among soft mud. I am happy to be enabled to rescue this species from the oblivion into which it was fast gliding. It is not uncommon in collections, where it seems to be re- garded as hitherto undescribed. When it came under my notice, I felt much doubt on the subject, and Mr. Broderip has favoured me with his opinion that it is properly referred as above. 24. Triron bracteatus, Hinds, 1. c. (Plate IV. fig. 5, 6.) Testa ovata, elongata, longitrorsum costata, transversim striata, maculis parvis nigris seriatim dispositis ornata; spira aperturam supe- rante ; apertura parva, alba, denticulaté; canali breviusculo. Inhab. Marquesas, in from seven to ten fathoms, among sandy mud. New Ireland, among the coarse sand of the beach. Straits of Malacca, in seventeen fathoms, mud. The numerous little black spots with which the surface of this shell is ornamented, are disposed in a very regular manner, and longitudinally obey the direction of the ribs, and transversely present an interrupted fasciation. 25. Triton truncatus, Hinds, |. c. (Plate IV. fig. 9, 10.) Testa solida, fulva, fusco nebulosa, truncata, longitrorsum costata, striis decussantibus ; costis rotundatis confertis ; anfractu ultimo pallide fasciato ; apertura alba, denticulata; canali breviusculo. Inhab. New Ireland. In society with 7. bracteatus. The three specimens alone collected are truncated in an uniform and appa- 12 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE SULPHUR. rently constant manner before the antepenult whorl, leaving each to consist of about three entire whorls. 26. Triton antiguatus, Hinds, |. c. (Plate IV. fig. 7, 8.) Testé elongata, turrita, subcylin- dracea, lineis decussantibus textili, prope suturam costis evanidis; spira aperturam duplo vel triplé Superante ; apice eroso ; apertura parva, subquadrata, pallida ; labio interno anticé valde producto. Inhab. New Ireland. Among the coarse sand at low-water. 27. Triton fictilis, Hinds, |. c. (Plate IV. fig. 11, 12.) Testa ovata, solidula, cinerea; anfrac- tibus senis rotundatis, longitrorsum obliqué plico-costatis, transversim tenuiter striatis ; spira aper- turam vix superante; apertura callos’, contractata, polita, intis levigata. Inhab. Cape of Good Hope. Dredged on the L’Agulhas bank, in between fifty and sixty fathoms. 28. Trrron anomalus, Hinds, |. c. (Plate IV. fig. 18, 14.) Testa ovata, fusca, longitrorsum costata, evaricosa, lineis transversis elevatis cancellaté; spird aperturam equante; sutura valida; apertura ovali, pallida ; canali breviusculo. Inhab. Island of Quibo, Veragua. On the sandy shore at low-water. This little shell presents no appearance of a varix, but the character of the mouth and outer lip, and the general contour is such, that it unquestionably is fittest placed here. Indeed, its appearance is very similar to that of the preceding. 29. Triton lignarius, Broderip, Proceed. Zool. Soc. 1833, p. 5. (Plate IV. fig. 15, 16.) Inhab. Monte Christi, west coast of America. In seven fathoms, sandy mud. This is a very interesting species, and as it is not frequent in collections, figures have been given. It seems liable to considerable variation in the number and relation of its varices. Ranewtyua. Lamarck. 30. Ranetxa californica, Hinds, Ann. Nat. Hist. v. 11, p. 255, (Plate II. fig. 4,5.) Testa ovata, ventricosa ; anfractibus uniseriatim tuberculatis, transversim granoso-striatis ; tuberculis conicis subdistantibus ; varicibus magnis cavernosis; anfractu ultimo multiseriatim obsolete tuberculato, fasciis duabus angustis purpureis cincto; apertura alba; labio externo crenato et dentato, interno transversim striato. Inhab. San Diego, California. Not unlike the American tropical species, R. ventricosa. ‘This is, however, a larger and heavier shell, is without any disposition to tuberculation in the vicinity of the suture, the varices are much bolder and cavernous, the tubercles on MOLLUSCA. 13 the spire fewer and larger, and the pillar lip is covered with many small transverse ridges. 31. Raneuua pectinata, (Plate IV. fig. 17, 18.) TestA fusiformi, polita, cinerea ; varicibus obliquis, spinis acutis muricatis; anfractibus lineis transversis elevatis instructis, inter varices tri-vel quadrifariam tuberculatis; apertura ovali, albidi; labro intis obsoleté denticulato; labio interno levi, producto; canali elongato, recto. Inhab. San Blas, Mexico. In seven fathoms, among mud. * Famity—Fusacez. Fusus. Lamarck. 32. Fusus clausicaudatus, (Plate I. fig. 10, 11.) Testa fusca, solida; spira costat&; costis brevibus rotundatis ; anfractu ultimo et penultimo ecostato; lineis transversis ordinatim exarata 3 apertura parva, oblique ovali, coarctata, superneé callositate ; canali subrecurvo, feré clauso. Inhab. L’Agulhas Bank, Cape of Good Hope. From a depth between fifty and sixty fathoms, on a gravelly floor. The whorls of the spire are ribbed rather strongly, but the two last are entirely without this character. The shell is particularly solid in its structure, and is covered by regularly disposed impressed lines. The labrum is thickened by the re-appearance of a rib, and which extends to nearly midway along the canal. Cyrtuius. Hinds. Eyrtulus, Hinds, Ann. Nat. Hist. v. 11. p. 256. Testa fusiformis ; anfractus ultimus et penultimus turbinatus; spira per saltum ascendens ; apertura linearis in canali brevi effuso desinens ; columella valdé arcuata, superné callosa ; labrum acutum ; umbilicus parvus ; epidermis levis. 33. CyrtuLus serotinus, Hinds, |. c. p. 257, (Plate I. fig. 12, 13.) Inhab. Port Anna Maria, Nukuhiva, Marquesas. In nine fathoms, among sand. This remarkable shell is not conveniently associated with any previously established group. It perhaps most nearly approaches Pyrula melongena, P. patula, and their allies, which we now find to have been so erroneously placed in Pyrula, and which must in future be removed to this family under a new generic E 14 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE SULPHUR. head. In placing the present shell here we are only anticipating this necessary change. Several peculiarities will be found in this shell; it is solid and heavy, somewhat fusiform, and of an uniform cream colour; the two last whorls turbinate and on the same plane, whence the spire, consisting of about nine whorls, suddenly ascends; the last whorl smooth, squarish, at about its inferior third suddenly contracted, those of the spire with nodulous ribs grooved transversely ; aperture elongated, slightly flesh coloured, below attenuated into a canal; outer lip thin, sharp, and perfectly smooth within; no distinct inner lip; columella about its centre remarkably curved, above with a large squarish callosity, below also slightly callous where it partially covers a small umbilicus, quite smooth everywhere ; and with a few fragments still adhering of a thin horny epidermis. Tropxon. Montfort. Trophon, Montfort, 1810. Murictdea, Swainson, 1840. 34. Tropuon fimbriatus, (Plate I. fig. 18,19.) Testa fusoidea, pallida; anfractibus angulatis, costatis, lamellis erectis frequentibus muricatis ; apertura ovata lactea ; canali recurvo. Inhab. Straits of Macassar. In eleven fathoms, among sand and gravel. Shell solid and fusiform, the upper whorls crossed by two rounded ribs, the last by several gradually decreasing in size from the upper to the lowest ; these latter crossed vertically by numerous rigid sharp erect lamella, which are given off from the surface of the ribs, carried across the interspaces, and confluent with each other. The aperture is polished and smooth, but somewhat distant sulci exist on the outer lip corresponding with the exterior ribs. The canal is bent backwards, and a little to one side. 35. TropHon gyratus, (Plate I. fig. 14, 15.) Testa fusiformi, albida ; anfractibus prope mediam unicarinatis ; carina crenata; undique costulis parvis numerosis eleganter creniferis vestita; canali subrecuryo. Inhab. Straits of Macassar. In seventeen fathoms, coarse sand. Besides the principal keel, the whole shell is covered by small ribs sculptured with the most delicate crenulations. 36. TropHon muricatus, (Plate I. fig. 16, 17.) Testa fusiformi; anfractibus uniseriatim spinis compressis muricatis, ultimo serie altera minore ; labio interno subproducto ; canali ad dextram inclinato. Inhab. Panama. In nineteen fathoms, among mud. Equally characteristic with the preceding, from its spiral series of trans- MOLLUSCA. 15 versely flattened spines. A second smaller series adorns the last whorl, and beneath this are two or three small ribs. The only specimen obtained is dead, and with no other colour than what it has acquired by lying in the mud without its animal. FamMILy—PLEUROTOMACES. Pxievrotoma. Lamarck. 37. Pieurotoma nobilis, Hinds, Proceed. Zool. Soc. 1843, p. 37, (Plate V. fig. 1,2.) Testa fusiformi, solida, rugosa ; anfractibus superné concavis, leviter striatis, prop¢ mediam carina maxima, inferné, precipué ultimo, carinis parvis alternantibus ; sutura simplici; labio externo subintegro, in- terno inferné paululim producto ; epidermide pallidé fused induta. Inhab. San Blas, Mexico. From seven fathoms, among mud. This is a very considerably larger shell than P. oxytropis, but in the character of the sculpture they closely approach each other. It is chiefly distinguishable from it in the absence of any keel between the principal keel and the suture, and in some minor characters. 38. Pueurotoma jubata, Hinds, |. c. p. 37, (Plate V. fig. 3.) Testa fusiformi, acuminata, levigata, fulva; anfractibus medio carinatis, superné granulis uniseriatim cinctis, inferné carina parva unica, sed ultimo pluribus ; sutura carinataé ; canali breviusculo. Inhab. The China Sea and north coast of Sumatra. Dredged from a muddy bottom in eighteen fathoms. A solid horn-coloured shell, the principal keel sharp, and slightly paler, with a secondary keel above, interruptedly transversely granular; the suture is also keeled. Aperture with the canal shorter than the spire ; inner lip produced. 39. Pirevrotoma gemmata, Hinds, |. c. p. 37. (Plate V. fig. 4.) Testa fusiformi, elongata, gra- cillima, fusca; anfractibus numerosis, medid uniseriatim tuberculato-carinatis ; tuberculis rectis, subquadratis, albidis; carinis duabus, parvis, suturam comitantibus, anfractu ultimo multicarinatis ; sinu laterali pone carinam; apertura ovali; canali elongato. Inhab. Gulf of Magdalena, California. Obtained from seven fathoms, among sandy mud. Elegantly fusiform, with a prominent principal keel composed of squarish tuberculations. 40. Puevrotoma stolida, Hinds, |. c. p. 37, (Plate V. fig. 5.) Testd fusiformi, levicata, cornea ; anfractibus superné planulatis, inferné costatis; costulis albidis, brevibus, obliquis, in an- fractu ultimo evanidis ; apice papillari; suturd simplici; canali brevi; labio externo tenui. 16 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE SULPHUR. Inhab. L’Agulhas Bank, Cape of Good Hope. Dredged from a depth of forty-three fathoms. An interval is left between the ribs and the suture, which is smooth and contracted. 4]. PLevroroma gravis, Hinds,]. c. p. 37, (Plate V. fig. 6.) Testa fusiformi, levigata, cornea ; anfractibus prope suturam angulatis, uniseriatim tuberculis parvis albidis cinctis, superne laté planu- latis ; anfractu ultimo coarctato ; apice papillari ; sutura simplici, feré occulta; canali brevi; aper- tura fusca. Inhab. L’Agulhas Bank, Cape of Good Hope; in company with the preceding. 42. Preurotoma inermis, Hinds, |. c. p. 37, (Plate V. fig. 7.) Test& ovata, acuminata, inermi; anfractibus subrotundatis, flammeis undosis fuscis longitudinaliter ornatis, transversim striatis ; sutura simplici; apertura ovali; canali brevi. Inhab. Bay of Magdalena, California. From seven fathoms, sandy mud. 43. Prevroroma violacea, Hinds, 1. c. p. 38, (Plate V. fig. 8.) Testa elongata, acuminata, violacea ; anfractibus decenis multicarinatis, longitudinaliter minutissimé et creberrimé striatis; carinis duabus eminentioribus; labro tenui, acuto, crenulato; sinu laterali inter carinas ; apertura ovali; columella biplicata ; canali brevi. Inhab. North coast of New Guinea and Straits of Macassar. From seven to twenty-two fathoms, sandy mud. The folds on the columella, for which this species is remarkable, are not to be met with in all the specimens. 44. Prevroroma radula, Hinds, |. c. p. 38, (Plate V. fig. 9.) Testa pyramidali, acuminata, cornea ; anfractibus nonis, lineis decussatis, uniseriatim tuberculatis ; tuberculis sublunatis; labro tenui, acuto ; sinu laterali pone seriem tuberculorum ; sutura linea elevata instructé; apertura ovali ; canali breyi. Inhab. Straits of Malacca. In seventeen fathoms, mud. The last whorl is elegantly granular both in the longitudinal and transverse direction. CiavatuLta. Lamarck. 45. Cuavatuta militaris, Hinds, Proceed. Zool. Soc. 1843, p. 38, (Plate V. fig. 10.) Testa turrita, elongata, acuminata, albidaé; anfractibus superné concavis et angulatis, plicis numerosis longitudinalibus, granosis, lineis decussatis ; prope suturam carina subnodosa instructa ; labro intus levi; apertura lineari, in canali brevi recurvo desinente. Inhab. Veragua, Central America; in eighteen fathoms. Panama; in from eight to thirty fathoms, mud. MOLLUSCA. 17 46. CuavaTuLA sinensis, Hinds, lc. p. 38, (Plate V. fig. 11.) Testa fusiformi, acuminata, cornea ; anfractibus undenis, subplanulatis, medid costulatis, lineis fuscis decussatis ; sutura granoso- earinata ; labro intus levi; apertura ovali; canali mediocri. Inhab. New Guinea; Straits of Macassar; China Sea. In from five to twenty-one fathoms, mud. 47. Cuavatuua robusta, Hinds, |. c. p. 39, (Plate V. fig. 12.) Testa fusiformi, acuminata, albida; anfractibus undenis, levigatis, angulaté costulatis, lineis elevatis decussatis ; costulis prope mediam angulatis; sutura simplici; labro crenato, intis levi; apertura ovali; canali mediocri. Inhab. Hong-Kong, China. In from four to seven fathoms, sandy mud. 48. CuavatuLa spicata, Hinds, |. c. p. 39, (Plate V. fig. 13.) Testa fusiformi, albida; anfractibus octonis, costulatis, transversim striatis; costulis subacutis ; sutura granulosa; labro intis levi, apertura lineari; canali brevi; anfractiis ultimi dorso fusco picto. Inhab. Bow Island. Among the fine coral sand. 49. CuavatuLa spurca, Hinds, 1. c. p. 39, (Plate V. fig. 14.) Testa ovata, acuminata; anfractibus octonis, rotundatis, costulatis, lineis duabus vel tribus elevatis fuscis decussatis, minu- tissimé transversim striatis ; sutura simplici; labro juxta incrassato, intus crenulato ; apertura ovali ; canali mediocri. Inhab. New Guinea; Straits of Malacca. In from five to eighteen fathoms, mud. 50. Cuavaruta ericea, Hinds, |. c. p. 39, (Plate V. fig. 15.) Testa fusiformi, acuminata, pallida, nitida; anfractibus octonis, rotundatis, costulatis ; costulis granulosis lineis elevatis decussatis, suturam incurrentibus ; interstitiis levigatis; suturaé simplici; labro juxta incrassato, intus levi; apertura subovali; canali brevi. Inhab. Magnetic Island, Coast of Veragua. From twenty-six fathoms, mud. 51. Cuavatuia debilis, Hinds, 1. c. p. 39, (Plate V. fig. 16.) Test& fusiformi, elongata, acuminata, eracili ; anfractibus octonis, rotundatis, costulatis, transversim striatis ; costulis parvis, rotundatis, approximatis, suturam incurrentibus ; sutura simplici; labro ints crenulato; apertura obliqua ; sinu laterali prope suturam ; canali mediocri. Inhab. New Guinea ; Straits of Macassar. 4 62. Cuavatuta sculpta, Hinds, l.c. p. 39, (Plate V. fig. 17.) Testa fusiformi, elongata, acumi- nata; anfractibus decenis, rotundatis, costulatis, transversim striatis, fusco fasciatis; costulis rotun- datis, propé suturam desinentibus; sutura striis arcuatis instructa; sinu laterali prope suturam, marginibus acutis ; apertura ovali; canali mediocri. Inhab. Panama. From seven fathoms, mud. 53. CuavaTuLA rava, Hinds, 1. c. p. 39, (Plate V. fig. 18.) Testa ovata, acuminat&; anfrac- F 18 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE SULPHUR. tibus octonis, rotundatis, costulatis, transversim striatis ; costulis rotundatis, suturam incurrentibus ; infrd suturam purpureo spiraliter fasciata, anfractu ultimo iterata ; labro intiis crenulato ; apertura ovali; canali brevi. Inhab. Gulf of Nicoya, Central America. In eighteen fathoms, mud. 54. Cuavatuta scalaris, Hinds, |. c. p. 39, (Plate VI. fig. 2.) Testa fusiformi, acuminata; anfractibus septenis, rotundatis, scalariformibus, transversim striatis ; costulis rotundatis, distantibus, suturam incurrentibus; sutura simplici; labro arcuato, intts levi; sinu laterali prope suturam ; apertura ovali; canali brevi. Inhab. Straits of Macassar. In twelve fathoms, coarse sand. The ribs assume the character of the varices in Scalaria, as they are contracted, rounded, and so incurrent at the suture as almost to give the appearance of separating the whorls; the sinus is between the body of the last whorl and the thin smooth labrum. 55. CLavaTuLa cinerea, Hinds, |. c. p. 40, (Plate VI. fic. 3.) Testa ovata, acuminata, anfrac- tibus septenis, longitudinaliter tuberculato-costatis, transversim striatis; costulis anfractis ultimi furcatis; sutura crenata; labro incrassato intus et cum columella crenulato ; apertura ovali, obliqua; canali breviusculo. Inhab. ——? The ribs of the last whorl are forked nearly throughout, and the suture is covered by a close crenation. 56. Cravatuxa argillacea, Hinds, 1. c. p. 40, (Plate VI. fig. 1.) Testa ovata, acuminata, levi- gata, cornea; anfractibus septenis, tuberculato-costatis ; costulis superné angulatis, anfractis ultimi evanidis ; sinu laterali magno; labro incrassato intus et cum columella crenulato; apertura ovali, elongata; canali breviusculo. Inhab. Straits of Malacca. From seventeen fathoms, mud. 57. Cravatuxa rubida, Hinds, |. c. p. 40, (Plate VI. fig. 6.) Test& ovata, acuminata, rufa, anfractibus septenis, rotundatis, costatis, transversim striatis; costis rotundatis, latis, suturam simplicem incurrentibus ; labro subincurvo, intis dentato; apertura ovali, oblonga; sinu laterali prope suturam ; canali brevi. Var. Nigro et albo fasciata. Inhab. New Guinea. From seven fathoms, mud. The variety is from New Ireland, among coarse sand at low water. A deeply coloured shell, varying from an uniform dark red to the variety banded with white and black on the last whorl, and with a black line over the suture. 58. Cravatua luctuosa, Hinds, 1. c. p. 40, (Plate VI. fig. 4.) Testa ovata, acuminata, nigni- cante, crassa; anfractibus nonis, levigatis, superné subplanulatis, prope mediam uniseriatim tuber- MOLLUSCA. 19 culatis; sutura simplici; sinu laterali posticali; labro paululim incrassato, intis levi; apertura fusca, ovali; canali brevi. Inhab. Bay of Guayaquil; Gulf of Magdalena, California. In from five to twenty-two fathoms. Fluctuating between dark chesnut and black, polished, the ribs scarcely more than narrow tubercles, and the suture very slightly impressed. Inner lip produced. 59. CLavaTuLa aspera, Hinds, |. c. p. 40, (Plate VI. fig. 7, 8.) Testa subclavata acuminata, fusca vel nigricante ; anfractibus septenis, rotundatis, costulatis, lineis elevatis decussatis ; sutura linea elevata instructé ; labro paululim incrassato, intts levi; apertura fusca, ovali ; canali brevi. Inhab. Guayaquil. In five fathoms, mud. 60. CLavaTuLa quisqualis, Hinds, |. c. p. 44, (Plate VI. fig. 5.) Testa fusiformi, acuminata, nitidissima; anfractibus octonis, superné levigatis, inferné costulatis; costulis brevibus, obliquis, acutis ; lineis albis sinuosis longitudinaliter instructis ; apertura ovata; sinu laterali rotundo; labro tenui, acuto, intus levi; columella marginata; canali brevi, effuso, recurvo. Inhab. Gulf of Papagayo, Central America. From eight to fourteen fathoms, mud. 61. Cravatuta plumbea, Hinds, |. c. p. 41, (Plate VI. fig. 9.) Testa fusiformi, attenuata, levigata, pallida, fusco fasciaté; anfractibus septenis, subrotundatis, costulatis ; costulis rotundatis, numerosis, suturam simplicem incurrentibus ; anfractu ultimo fasciis duabus cincto; labro intus levi; apertura ovali. Inhab. Bay of Magdalena, California. From five fathoms. 62. CravatuLa occata, Hinds, |. c. p. 41, (Plate VI. fig. 10.) Testa fusiformi, attenuata, gracili, cornea, angulaté costata ; anfractibus septenis, transversim exaratis ; sutura simplici; aper- tura angusta lineari; canali mediocri. Inhab. Magnetic Island, west coast of Veragua. Slender and attenuated, angular from the ribs being continuous, and transversely ploughed. The aperture is contracted, linear, and a little oblique. 63. Cravatuta bella, Hinds, |. c. p. 41, (Plate VI. fig. 13.) Testd fusiformi, attenuata, gracili, levigata, pallidé fusca; anfractibus octonis, rotundatis, costulatis, lineis albidis elevatis decussatis, superné fusco fasciatis, ultimo attenuato; costulis gracilibus, granulis parvis sparsis instructis, suturam simplicem incurrentibus; labro intis levi; apertura ovali, in canali brevi attenuata. Inhab. West coast of Veragua; from thirty fathoms, mud. Gulf of Papagayo, Central America; from eight to fourteen fathoms, mud. A graceful species, ornamented with transverse brown bands, and pale lines. 20 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE SULPHUR. The apex is somewhat papillary. Within the inner lip, near the sinus, a small tooth will be found in the adult specimens. 64. CravatuLa pudica, Hinds, |. c. p. 41, (Plate VI. fig. 11, 12.) Testa fusiformi, acuminata, nitidissima ; anfractibus nonis, albidis, propé suturam paululim levigatis, inferné tuberculato- costulatis; costulis obliquis, acutis; sutura simplici; anfractu ultimo anticeé costulis acutis obliquis instructo, posticé leevigato, maculo amplo fusco picto ; sinu laterali profundo ; labro acuto, intus levi ; apertura ovali; canali mediocri, effuso. Inhab. Gulf of Papagayo, Central America. From eight to fourteen fathoms, mud. A pretty glittering shell, the last whorl being remarkably smooth and rounded, and clouded at the back of a reddish chesnut colour. 65. CLavatuLa neglecia, Hinds, |. c. p. 45, (Plate VI. fig. 14.) Testa fusiformi, gracili, fusca ; anfractibus nonis, costulatis, lineis elevatis decussatis; costulis brevibus, rotundatis ; sutura linea elevata instructa, infra propé levigata; apertura ovata, obliqua; sinu laterali poné suturam ; labro mcrassato, inflexo; canali mediocri. Inhab. Gulf of Nicoya, Central America. Under stones at low-water. 66. Cravatuta leta, Hinds,1.¢. p. 41, (Plate VI. fig. 15, 16.) Testa subclavata, acuminata, nitidissima; anfractibus nonis, superné planulatis, medid uniseriatim tuberculatis, ultima serie secunda parva; tuberculis distinctis, erectis, acutis; suturd simplici; labro acuto, intis levi; apertura ovali; canali brevi, effuso. Inhab. New Guinea; Straits of Macassar. From seven to ten fathoms. The tubercles are remarkably sharp, and look upwards. A faint dotting of pale yellow accompanies the suture, at the base of the tubercles, and occupies the middle of the last whorl. 67. CLayaruta nitens, Hinds, 1. c. p. 41, (Plate VI. fig. 17.) Testa clavata, subexcentrica, fusca, nitidissima; anfractibus octonis, subangulaté costulatis, prope mediam prominentibus ; costulis obliquis, acutis, suturam simplicem incurrentibus; labro acuto, ints levi; apertura late ovali; canali brevi. Inhab. New Guinea; Straits of Macassar and Malacca. From seven to twenty-two fathoms. 68. CuavatuLa candida, Hinds, l.c. p. 42, (Plate VI. fig. 18.) Testa fusiformi, acuminata, candida ; anfractibus septenis, costulatis, superné subangulatis; sutura simplici ; apertura ovali ; sinu laterali superne valde calloso ; faucibus crenulatis ; anfractts ultimi basi transversim striato. Inhab. Magnetic Island, coast of Veragua. 69. CravatuLa pyramis, Hinds, 1. ¢c. p. 42, (Plate VI. fig. 19.) Testa clavata, angulaté cos- tata, hexagona, transversim creberrimé striata; sinu laterali superficiali; apertura brevi, sublineari ; canali brevi. MOLLUSCA. 21 Inhab. Straits of Macassar. Angular, elongatedly pyramidal, with transverse fine closely-set strie; the mouth small and contracted, with a short blunt canal. 70. Cuavatuna merita, Hinds, 1. c. p. 42, (Plate VI. fig. 20.) Testa ovata, turrita, acuminata, levigata, pallid’; anfractibus senis, plico-costulatis, superné angulatis et linea fusc4 spiraliter cinctis ; sutura simplici; anfracttis ultimi dorso fusco nebuloso, transversim striato; labro acuto, intus levi; apertura oblongé; canali subnullo. Inhab. Gulf of Nicoya, Central America. Under stones at low-water. Semi-opaque, smooth, with longitudinal ribs, decorated at the angle of the whorl by a reddish line, a little more pronounced near the ribs. 71. Cuavatuta flammea, Hinds, |. c. p. 42, (Plate VI. fig. 21.) Test& clavata, albidé ; anfrac- tibus octonis, rotundatis, transversim striatis, flammulis fuscis, superné angulatis, inferné subrectis, ornatis ; spira ecostulata ; sutura simplici: sinu laterali modd emarginatura; labro obtuso, levissimé crenulato, intus levi; apertura ad basin dilatata; canali brevi, lato, recurvo. Inhab. New Ireland. Among coarse sand at low water. 72. Cuavatuua polita, Hinds, |. c. p. 43, (Plate VI. fig. 22.) Testa valdé fusiformi, polita, albida, septangulaté costulata; costulis confluentibus; sutura simplici; apertura ovali, oblonga ; labro acuto, intts levi; canali longo, subrecurvo. Inhab. Straits of Macassar. Found among coarse sand in seven fathoms. Milk-white, especially fusiform, ribs rounded and continuous throughout, the last whorl gradually attenuated into the canal. 73. CLAVATULA impressa, Hinds, l.c. p. 44, (Plate VI. fig. 23, 24.) Testa fusiformi, acumi- nata, rosea; anfractibus nonis, tuberculato-costatis, transversim striatis; costulis acutis, obliquis, albidis ; anfractus ultimi dorso picto, ecostulato; apertura ovali; labro tenui, acuto, intis levi; canali mediocri. Inhab. Gulf of Papagayo, Central America. From eight to fourteen fathoms, mud. Flesh-coloured, ribs tubercular, oblique, the interspaces very finely striated, outer lip somewhat expanded, thin; aperture oval, gradually terminating in a slightly recurved canal. 74. Cuavatuita Maravigne. Pleurotoma Maravigne, Bivona. Clavatula crebricostata, Hinds, Proceed. Zool. Soc. 1843, p. 41. Pleurotoma incisa, Reeve, Conch. Icon., 1843. Inhab. Cape Blanco, west coast of Africa. In seventeen fathoms. 75. Cravatuxa amabilis, Hinds, |. c. p. 40, (Plate VII. fig. 3.) Test& ovata, turrita, pallidé aurantiaca; anfractibus septenis, subrotundatis, costulatis, transversim striatis ; costulis rotundatis, G 22 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE SULPHUR, subdistantibus; suturA maculis albis ornaté; anfractu ultimo fascia alba angusta cincto; sinu late- rali poné suturam ; apertura ovali; canali mediocri. Inhab. Straits of Malacca. From seventeen fathoms, mud. 76. Cravatuta felina, Hinds, |. c. p. 42, (Plate VII. fig. 4.) Testa ovata, acuminata ; anfrac- tibus senis, subrotundatis, granulosis lineis transversis et longitudinalibus decussatis, maculis rufis quadratis et oblongis eleganter ornatis ; sutura simplici; labro crenulato, subrecto ; apertura oblonga; canali brevi. Inhab. New Ireland. Among coarse sand at low water. A pretty small scabrous species, with elongated, somewhat irregular, reddish brown spots. 77. Cravatuta pardalis, Hinds, |. c. p. 42, (Plate VII. fig. 1.) Testa ovata, levigata, nigri- cante ; costulis fulvis apice ad basin decurrentibus ; interstitiis striatis ; apertura oblonga ; labro intus crenulato; canali brevi. Inhab. Gulf of Nicoya. Under stones at low water. A dark olive, retuse, ribbed shell, which latter are disposed in a very similar manner to those on the fruit of some Umbellifere. 78. Cravatuta celata, Hinds, 1. c. p. 42, (Plate VII. fig. 6.) Testa ovata, elongata, atro- fusca ; anfractibus octonis, rotundatis, costulatis; costulis obliquis, acutis; sutura linea elevata instructa ; apertura atra, ovali; labro intus levi; canali brevi. Inhab. Gulf of Fonseca. From twenty fathoms, mud. 79, CiravatuLa papillaris, Hinds, |. c. p. 42, (Plate VII. fig. 2.) Test& oblonga, levigata, pallida ; anfractibus quinis, rotundatis, obsolete tuberculato-costulatis ; apice papillosa; sutura sim- plici; apertura brevi, ovata; labro intis levi; canali subnullo. Inhab. Straits of Malacca. From seventeen fathoms, mud. 80. CrayatuLa rubiginosa, Hinds, 1. c. p. 43, (Plate VII. fig. 5.) Testa oblonga, cornea; an- fractibus senis, subrotundatis, transversim striatis; suturd simplici; aperturé brevi, ovata, cornea; labro intus levi; canali subnullo. Inhab. Straits of Malacca. From seventeen fathoms, mud. 81. Cravaruxa fimbriata, Hinds, |. c. p. 43, (Plate VII. fig. 9.) Testa ovata, pallidé rufa, albo fasciata ; anfractibus quinis, rotundatis, laminis brevibus, numerosis, dentatis, reflexis indutis ; sutura simplici; apertura ovali; sinu laterali minimo; labro crenulato, reflexo; canali brevi. Inhab. North coast of New Guinea. From twenty-two fathoms, mud. The sculpture consists of numerous longitudinal laminz ; colour of a delicate pale reddish brown, banded on the last whorl with white. 82. Cravatu.a donata, Hinds, |. c. p. 43, (Plate VII. fig. 7.) Testa ovata, elongata, rosea ; MOLLUSCA. 23 anfractibus octonis, costulatis, transversim striatis; costulis brevibus, rotundatis ; sutura lined nodosa instructa ; apertura parva, ovali, rosea; labro intus levi; canali brevi. Inhab. North coast of New Guinea. From twenty-two fathoms, mud. 83. CravatuLa micans, Hinds, |. c. p. 43, (Plate VIL. fig. 11.) Test& ovata, elongaté, cornea, nitida ; anfractibus octonis, costulatis ; costulis subacutis, albidis, obliquis, superné prope suturam evanidis ; anfractis ultimi dorso ecostulato; apertura parva, ovali; labro tenui, acuto, intis levi ; canali brevi. Inhab. Gulf of Papagayo. From fourteen fathoms, mud. 84. Cravatuta albicans, Hinds, |. c. p. 43, (Plate VII. fig. 8.) Testa ovata, elongata, albida, nitida ; anfractibus octonis, costulatis ; costulis superné subnodulosis ; sutura nodulosd; sinu laterali pone suturam; apertura parva, ovali; labro acuto, intus levi; canali brevi. Inhab. Straits of Malacca. From seventeen fathoms, mud. * 85. CuavaTuLa mutica, Hinds, 1. c. p. 43, (Plate VII. fig. 10.) Testa subfusiformi, pallide fulva; anfractibus senis, rotundatis, transversim striatis, maculis fuscis longitudinalibus ornatis; sutura simplici; anfractu ultimo medid angulato et albo fasciato, ad basin fusco; sinu laterali juxta suturam ; apertura ovali; labro acuto, intts levi; canali brevi. Inhab. Straits of Malacca. From seventeen fathoms, mud. 86. Cravatuta metula, Hinds, l. c. p. 44, (Plate VII. fig. 12.) Testa ovata, acuminata; an- fractibus quinis planulatis, obsoleté costulatis, transversim striatis, pallidé rufo fasciatis; sutura linea elevata instructa ; apertura lineati; labro subinflexo; canali subnullo. Inhabe ea 87. Cuavatuta tessellata, Hinds, |. c. p. 44, (Plate VII. fig. 17.) Testa elongata, acuminata ; anfractibus senis, subplanulatis, granulosis lineis longitudinalibus et transversis decussatis, maculis subquadratis fuscis pictis; sutura simplici; apertura oblonga; labro intus crenulato; canali brevi. Inhab. Straits of Macassar. From ten fathoms, coarse sand. 88. Cuavatua fulva, Hinds, |. c. p. 44, (Plate VII. fig. 13.) Testa ovata, acuminata, fulva ; anfractibus senis, granulosis, tuberculato-costulatis, superné angulatis; sutura linea granulosa in- structa ; apertura parva, oblongé ; labro intis levi; canali brevi effuso. Inhab. Straits of Macassar. From ten fathoms, coarse sand. 89. Cuavatuna dentifera, Hinds, |. c. p. 44, (Plate VII. fig. 14.) Testa elongata, acuminata ; anfractibus quinis, costulatis, lineis transversis decussatis; costulis numerosis, parvis, angustis, su- turam incurrentibus ; apertura oblonga; labro crenulato, inferné dilatato et dentifero; columella inferné dente parvo; canali breviusculo. Inhab. North coast of New Guinea; Straits of Malacca. From five to seventeen fathoms, mud. 24. ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE SULPHUR. 90. CuavatuLa glumacea, Hinds, |. c. p. 44, (Plate VII. fig. 15.) Testa elongata, pallida, nitida; anfractibus senis costulatis, transversim striatis; costulis brevibus, rotundatis, suturam simplicem incurrentibus; apertura oblonga, fuscé; labro intus levi; canali breviusculo. Inhab. North coast of New Guinea. From twenty-two fathoms, mud. 91. Cuavaruta retusa, Hinds, 1. c. p. 44, (Plate VII. fig. 16.) Testa parva, obesa, auran- tiacA; anfractibus septenis, costulatis, transversim striatis; costulis rotundatis, confertis ; spira conica ; sutura simplici; apice purpurea ; apertura oblonga; columella contorta; canali breviusculo. Inhab. Straits of Macassar. From ten fathoms, coarse sand. 92. CLayatuta rigida, Hinds, |. c. p. 45, (Plate VII. fig. 18.) Testa ovata, retusa; anfrac- tibus quinis, costulatis, superné angulatis, transversim striatis ; sutura simplici; apertura oblonga ; labro crenulato ; columella rugos4; canali brevi. Inhab. Panama. Many of these species, particularly of the latter, are very small, but after an attentive and deliberate examination, they are all found to possess very clear and legible characters ; and if the research necessary to their elucidation and discri- mination has been at times laborious, it has also afforded much gratification in beholding with how much elegance and beauty even these minute objects have been formed, equally with the more prominent members of the creation. When we reflect what multitudes of similar beings inhabit the recesses of the globe, beyond the reach of human observation, and which at rare intervals are brought to light, like the present humble specimens, it requires the boldest stretch of the imagination even to bring within the comprehension an idea of the countless multitudes of organised beings of our earth, and all rich in some manner peculiarly their own, either in colour, sculpture, decoration, or symmetry. ConopLeura. Hinds. Testa coniformis, vel involuta ; spira conico-elata ; sinus lateralis posticus, profundus, margine callosi; labrum intus leeve; columella subproducta; apertura linearis; canalis subnullus. 93. ConopLeuRA striata; (Plate VII. fig. 22, 23.) Species unica. Inhab. New Guinea. In seven fathoms, among mud. Two specimens only were obtained, and both bear marks of having laid some time in the mud without an animal occupant; they have probably from this undergone some change in their appearance. Both are destitute of colour or epidermis, coniform, with a somewhat elate, acuminate spire, and which is honey- combed in a remarkable manner, having regular excavations and partitions; the outer lip has the sinus of the family, and between it and the last whor! a callous MOLLUSCA. 25 margin, which is continuous with the slightly-produced lamina of the columella. The body whori is closely and somewhat elegantly covered with striz, which sometimes are disposed to become flexuous. I do not know any other species of this family with which the present can be at all associated. Darunevia. Hinds. Testa gracilé fusiformis, tenuis, fragilis; anfractus ultimus elongatus, spiram superans; sinus lateralis et anté suturam margine acuto; labrum tenue, intls leve; apertura elongate ovalis, vix canaliculata ; columella nuda; plerumque striata. Among the smaller Pleurotomacee are a few shells of a thin fragile structure, elongated in form, the outer lip acute, and separated from the last whorl so as to leave a sinus, aperture of a lengthened oval, scarcely any canal, and with the surface usually transversely striated. These form a very distinct group, and may be separated with advantage under a proper head; the best known of these is probably Pleurotoma lymneiformis, Kiener. 94, DapHneLLa marmorata, (Plate VII. fig. 19.) Test& attenuate ovali, tenui, striis trans- versis longitudinalibus decussantibus eleganter cancellata, pallida, fusco marmorata ; anfractibus quatuor rotundatis, superne planulatis et angulatis; columella arcuata, ad basin striata. Inhab. New Guinea. In six fathoms, among nud. 95. Darunenta casta, (Plate VIL. fig. 20.) Testa attenuate fusiformi, vitrea, fragili; anfrac- tibus quinque rotundatis, transversim sulcatis ; columella contorta. Inhab. Gulf of Nicoya, Central America. In twenty-three fathoms, among mud. 96. Dapunetua ornata, (Plate VII. fig. 21.) Testé attenuate fusiformi, pallida, maculis sub- quadratis rufis seriatim dispositis; anfractibus senis paulisper rotundatis, striis decussantibus cancel- latis; apertura elongata ; columella rectiuscula. Inhab. New Guinea. In six fathoms, among mud. Maneeuia. Leach. 97. ManGELia cinnamomea, Hinds, Proceed. Zool. Soc. 1843, p. 45, (Plate IX. fig. 1.) Testa attenuata, nitida, cinnamomed, albo fasciata ; anfractibus senis, plico-costulatis, transversim levis- simé striatis ; faucibus crenulatis. Inhab. North coast of New Guinea; Straits of Macassar; Straits of Ma- lacca. From five to twenty-two fathoms, mud. H 26 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE SULPHUR. 98. Mancetta coronata, Hinds, 1. c. p. 45, (Plate IX. fig. 2.) Testa attenuata, acuminata; anfractibus senis, plico-costulatis, transversim striatis; costulis superné subacuminatis; faucibus levibus. Inhab. Straits of Macassar. 99. Mancetta vittata, Hinds, |. c. p. 45, (Plate IX. fig. 3.) Testa attenuata, pallid4, fusco fasciata ; anfractibus senis, plico-costulatis, transversim striatis; costulis numerosis ; faucibus cre- nulatis. Inhab. Straits of Macassar. From ten fathoms, coarse sand. 100. Maneeuta oriza, Hinds, |. c. p. 46, (Plate IX. fig. 4.) Testa attenuata, acuminata, levi- gata, nitida, hexagone plico-costulata ; anfractibus septenis ; faucibus levibus. Inhab. North coast of New Guinea. From twenty-two fathoms, mud. 101. Maneexta celebensis, Hinds, 1. c. p. 46, (Plate IX. fig. 5.) Testa attenuata, levigata, pallida, fusco late fasciaté; anfractibus senis, plico-costulatis ; costulis subdistantibus ; faucibus crenulatis. Inhab. Straits of Macassar. From ten fathoms, mud. Derraneia. Millet. Such a vast number of species has of late poured in upon Pleurotoma, as left by Lamarck, that it is in the predicament of some of the Linnzan genera, which in time became swelled into families ; and it is in this light that I now regard it. Pleurotomacee holds a somewhat analagous situation to what Composite does in Botany ; as we extend our knowledge, it will unquestionably embrace a multitude of species, but unlike the latter, it stands greatly in need of a careful and judi- cious breaking up into generic groups. Among a few which have been as yet pro- posed, Defrancia is perhaps the happiest, as it separates several species which have very little affinity with Pleurotoma, and one of which has been placed in Buccinum, B. Cumingii. 102. Derrancta linearis. Pleurotoma linearis. De Blaimville,—Kiener, Icon. pl. 25, fig. 4. Inhab. New Guinea. 103. Derrancia philippinensis. Pleurotoma philippinensis, Reeve, Proceed. Zool. Soc. 1843, p. 184. Inhab. Straits of Macassar. In eleven fathoms, coarse sand. MOLLUSCA. 27 FamMiLy—CeERITHIACER. CeritHium. Bruguicres. 104. Ceritaium gemmatum, (Plate XI. fig. 5,6.) Testa clavata subturrita, acuminata, nitida ; anfractibus planulatis, triseriatim granosis, serie superiore maxima, lineis rufis transversim ornatis, propé labrum divergentibus, infra suturam albidis ; apertura alba, superné callosa ; columella in- ferné producta, plic& parva; canali oblique descendente. Inhab. Panama. In situations where the floor is sandy mud, in from two or three to seven fathoms or upwards. 105. Crritaium pharos, (Plate XI. figs. 3, 4.) Testa attenuaté elongata, levigata, nitida, lactea, interdum maculis fuscis quadratis tri- vel quadriseriatim ornata ; anfractibus concinné plicatis, superné paulisper coarctatis, lineis sparsis impressis decussatis; labro crenulato; apertura utrinque attenuata; columella uniplicata, callosa; canali horizontali. Inhab. Bow Island. Buried in the coral sand, under a few feet of water. In the individuals which are ornamented with the tessellated markings, we have here a very attractive shell, and there is much chasteness in those which are altogether white. In some respects it is a miniature of C. procerum, Kiener, which also has a similar variety in the ornation. There is a peculiar contraction in the upper part of the whorls, across the folds, and if the finger is passed over the surface from the apex towards the base, it imparts a roughness almost equal to a steel file. 106. Ceritaium macrostoma, (Plate XVI. figs. 11,12.) Testa elongata, gracili, acuminata ; anfractibus rotundatis crebricostatis, transversim striatis, ultimo diaphano ecostato, ordinatim sul- cato; labro repando, inflexo; columella obliqua. Inhab. Straits of Macassar. In eleven fathoms, among coarse sand. TripHoris. Deshayes. This is a group of interesting and very beautiful little shells. From their minuteness they are likely to be passed over unheeded, but after a little examina- tion, aided by a small magnifying power, the richness of their sculpture is brought into notice, and now it is found not easy to speak too highly of their attractions. Each species, too, is so distinctly and characteristically decorated, that a careful attention to a brief synopsis is sufficient to identify them. We are indebted to 28 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE SULPHUR. M. Deshayes for the erection of the genus, but we regret to find him deviating from his original designation for one less classical. The earliest and best is here adopted. Few species, however, were for some time known, and no one was dis- posed to receive it, or add to the number of species. It was in this state when the shells of the Sulphur came under examination ; and finding so many elegant species in this collection, the generic importance of the group became consi- derably increased. And at the same time, I became sensible that the characters of the group required some alteration. These changes, with the descriptions of twenty-nine species, were published in the eleventh volume of the Annals of Natural History ; two more I have since described in the Proceedings of the Zoological Society ; and these, together with a few others previously known, will extend the genus to about forty species. 1. Subgenus Ivo. Hinds. Testa cylindraceo-subulata, elongata, acuminata. 107. TrrpHorts gigas, Hinds, Ann. Nat. Hist. vol. xi. p. 17, (Plate VIII. fig. 1.) Testa valde elongata ; anfractibus 25-28 planulatis, quadriseriatim granulosis, serie inferiore paululum maxima, ad basin granulorum punctatis. Inhab. New Guinea. From eighteen fathoms, on a muddy floor. 108. Trresorts concors, Hinds, |. c. p. 17, (Plate VIII. fig. 2.) Testa cylindracea; anfracti- bus viginti-duo, triseriatim granulosis; serie media paululum minima; sutura lineata; apertura rotundata ; sinu laterali tubiformi. Inhab. Straits of Malacca. In eighteen fathoms, mud. 109. TripHorts sculptus, Hinds, |. c. p. 17, (Plate VIII. fig. 3.) Testa pallidé rufente; an- fractibus 15-18, biseriatim granoso-carinatis, medid levigatis, carina secondatia; prope suturam earinula monilifera ; sinu laterali patulo. Inhab. Straits of Malacca. In twenty-three fathoms, mud. 110. TripHoris vittatus, Hinds, |. c. p. 17, (Plate VIII. fig. 4.) Testa levigata, cornea; an- fractibus 22-25, transversim leviter sulcatis, medid fusco eleganter vittatis; apertura subquadrata ; sinu laterali obsoleto. Inhab. Straits of Malacca. In twenty-three fathoms, mud. 111. Trrenoris biliz, Hinds, |. c. p. 17, (Plate VIII. fig. 5.) Testa attenuata, pallid&; an- fractibus quindecem tricarinatis ; carina inferiore paululum maxima marmorata, media minima ; apertura rotundata ; sinu laterali patulo. Inhab. Straits of Malacca. In twenty fathoms, mud. 112. Tripsoris cancellatus, Hinds, |. c. p. 18, (Plate VIII. fig. 6.) Testa pallidé rufente ; MOLLUSCA. 29 anfractibus 15-18, bicarinatis ; carinis albo maculatis ; inter carinas cancellata, lineis albis longitudi- nalibus intervallis fuscis; sutura sulcaté ; apertura subquadrata ; sinu laterali margine contracta. Inhab. Straits of Malacca. In twenty fathoms, mud. 113. TrrpHortis corrugatus, Hinds, |. c. p. 18, (Plate VIII. fig. 7.) Testa cornea ; anfractibus 17-20, tricarinatis, inter carinas corrugatis, carind media secondaria ; suturé leviter carinata ; aper- tura rotunda ; sinu laterali lineari. Inhab. New Guinea; in twenty-three fathoms, among fine gravel. Straits of Malacca; in eighteen to twenty fathoms, mud. 114. Tripnoris mavillaris, Hinds, |. c. p. 18, (Plate VIII. fig. 8.) Testa rosea; anfractibus 16-18, bisulcatis, superficie levigaté ; marginibus suleorum granulatis; sutura sulcaté, marginibus eranulatis ; apertura subquadrata; sinu laterali parvo, patulo. Inhab. Straits of Malacca. In eighteen to twenty-three fathoms, mud. This species is very remarkably characterized. The surface is perfectly smooth, and of an agreeable rose colour; but each whorl is divided into three unequal parts by two furrows. The margins of each furrow, and also of the depressed line which marks the course of the suture, are provided with a series of horizontal granulations, which look towards each other, but do not appear above the surface of the shell, but under a magnifying glass display an appearance which seems to justify the specific name. 115. TrrpHorts micans, Hinds, |. c. p. 18, (Plate VIII. fig. 9.) Testa glacili, attenuata, fusca ; anfractibus 20-22, superné coarctatis, triseriatim granulosis, serie inferiore maxima albida, superiore minima; apertura subquadrata ; sinu laterali lineari. Inhab. New Guinea. In five to eighteen fathoms, mud. 116. TripHoris asperrimus, Hinds, |. c. p. 18, (Plate VIII. fig. 10.) Testa gracili, attenuata ; anfractibus 24-26, superne valde coarctatis, inferne angulatis, serie duplici granulorum ; propé sutu- ram granuloso-carinata. Inhab. New Guinea. In eight fathoms, mud. It is remarkable for its long needle-like shape; and the upper portion of each whorl being strangulated, and the lower angular and with a series of tubercles, the shell has a very rough and jagged appearance. 117. Trrpvoris elegans, Hinds, |. c. p. 18, (Plate VIII. fig. 11.) Testaalba, fusco marmorata ; anfractibus 16-18, quadricarinatis ; carinis duabus primariis, inferiore maxima, duobus secondariis alternantibus; carinis omnibus maculis albis et fuscis ornatis; apertura rotundata ; sinu laterali patulo. Inhab. Straits of Malacca. In twenty fathoms, mud. I 30 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE SULPHUR. 2. Subgenus Sycuar. Hinds. Testa elongata ; anfractus rotundati; apex mamillaris. 118. TripHorts vitreus, Hinds, |. c. p. 19, (Plate VIII. fig. 12.) Testa pellucida; anfractibus quindecem, levigatis, rotundatis, lineis duabus elevatis cinctis; apice mamillari; apertura subqua- drata ; sinu laterali patulo. Inhab. Straits of Malacca. In twenty fathoms, mud. One of the elevated lines traverses the whorl about its centre; the other, not at first very apparent, will be found on its lower surface near the suture. 3. Subgenus Maston1a. Hinds. Testa acuminata, circa mediam tumida. 119. TripHoris vulpinus, Hinds, |. c. p. 19, (Plate VIII. fig. 13.) Testé nigricante; anfracti- bus quatuordecem, tricarinatis ; carina inferiore albida; apertura rotundata ; sinu laterali, subnullo. Inhab. New Ireland. Found, together with other small shells, among fine gravel at low water. 120. Tripaorts monilifer, Hinds, |. c. p. 19, (Plate VIII. fig. 14.) Testa parva, eleganter monili; anfractibus decem, biseriatim granulosis; granulis seriei inferioris albis intervallis rubris, supreme albis ; apertura subquadrata ; sinu laterali angusto. Inhab. Straits of Malacca. In eighteen to twenty-three fathoms, mud. The series of beedings of the upper whorls will be found to be doubled on the last whorl—a circumstance which also occurs in other species. 121. Trrenoris ruber, Hinds, |. c. p. 19, (Plate VIII. fig. 15.) Testa rufa; anfractibus un- decem, biseriatim granulosis, seriebus subdistantibus suturam obtegentibus; apertura rotundata ; sinu laterali margine contracta. Inhab. New Ireland; very numerous among fine gravel at low water. Straits of Malacca; in twenty fathoms, mud. Its reddish colour and double series of tubercles will readily distinguish this shell. In some of the specimens a small intermediate series is about to make its appearance on the one or two inferior whorls. 122. TrrpHoris clemens, Hinds, |. c. p. 20, (Plate VIII. fig. 16.) Testa cornea, nitida; an- fractibus quindecem, triseriatim granulosis; serie media parva, ad inferiorem appropinquante, inferiore prominulo-margaritacea ; anfractis ultimi granulis parvis; sutura sulcataé; apertura rotunda; sinu laterali patulo. Inhab. Straits of Malacca. In twenty fathoms, mud. MOLLUSCA. 3L 123. TripHoris carteretensis, Hinds, |. c. p. 20, (Plate VIII. fig. 17.) Testa pallida ; anfrac- tibus quatuordecem, triseriatim granulosis, serie media minimA, infra duas superiores sulcatis ; aper- tura subquadrata ; sinu laterali patulo. Inhab. Port Carteret, New Ireland. Among fine gravel at low water. 124. Trrenoris hilaris, Hinds, |. c. p. 21, (Plate VIII. fig. 18.) Testa elongata ; anfractibus quatuordecem, tricarinatis ; carinis duabus inferioribus equalibus albidis, superiore marmorata paulu- lim maxima. Inhab. Pacific Ocean. 125. TripHorts roseus, Hinds, |. c. p. 21, (Plate VIII. fig. 19.) Testa ovali; anfractibus decem, biseriatim granulosis, seriebus corneis, medid levigato roseo serie tertia parva; apertura rotundata. Inhab. South Pacific Ocean. 126. TripHorts concinnus, Hinds, |. c. p. 20, (Plate VIII. fig. 20.) Testa ovali, elongata ; anfractibus novem, triseriatim granulosis; serie media minima, inferiore fusca, superiore cornea. Inhab. Pacific Ocean. The manner in which the series of markings of the spire are repeated in the last whorl is well seen in this species, where the handsome dark spiral line result- ing from the lower series is again twice repeated ; so that the last whorl has really five series of granules. Famirty — Buccinace&. Buccinum. Linneus. 127. Buccinum metula, (Plate XVI, fig. 13, 14.) Testa fusiformi, utrinque attenuat4, pallida, cancellata, maculis quadratis rufis seriatim ornata; labro subarcuato, crassiusculo, subcrenato ; apertura attenuata. Inhab. West coast of Veragua. Obtained from a depth of a few fathoms, among mud. It must be acknowledged that this shell has very questionable affinities with Buccinum, but it remains either to place it here or assign it a separate station. The latter course seemed to me scarcely judicious, and it will best remain here till some thorough revision of this family is effected. In our collections some small species exist which have a close relation with the present. 32 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE SULPHUR. Terepra. Bruguieres. 128. TerEBra robusta, Hinds, Proceed. Zool. Soc. 1543, p. 149. Testa turrito-subulata, solida, ponderosa, albida, flammeis longitudinalibus interrupté picta; anfractibus inferioribus rotundatis, indivisis, levigatis, superioribus verstis extremitatem spire subplanulatis, unicinguliferis, longitrorsim plicatis; anfractu ultimo rotundato, triseriatim picto, ad basin coarctato; apertura elongat& ; columella arcuata, subcallosa ; epidermide luteofusca ; operculo parvo, crasso. Inhab. West coast of America, between 8° 57’ and 21° 32’ north latitude ; namely, at Panama, Gulf of Nicoya, Gulf of Papagayo, and San Blas. In from four to eighteen fathoms, sandy mud. 129. Teresra alveolata, Hinds, |. c. p. 151. Testa turrito-subulata, attenuate acuminata, nitidd, fused; anfractibus subplanulatis, superné cingulo tuberculato cinetis, infra plico-costatis, interstitiis striatis ; cingulo et anfractu ultimo albo fasciato, maculis quadratis rufis articulato. Inhab. Straits of Malacca; in seventeen fathoms, among mud. The description is drawn up from a somewhat young specimen, and the mouth and last whorl have not yet attained their full development. The character of the shell is, however, very conspicuous. In this genus the last whorl will be found very frequently to offer decided features, and becomes a valuable aid in the diagnosis. 130. TerEsra pulchra, Hinds, |. c. p. 15]. Testa turrita, conico-subulata, acuminata, nitida, pallida ; anfractibus subplanulatis, longitrorstim recté plico-costatis, superné linea impressa cinctis, interstitiis levigatis ; anfractu ultimo pallidé lineato. Inhab. Marquesas. In seven fathoms. Perhaps more nearly resembling 7’. plicata than any other species, from which, with a little care, the description will suffice to distinguish it. 131, TerEpra nttida, Hinds, |. c. p. 152. Testa obeso-subulata, acuminata, pallidé plum- bea, polita; anfractibus subplanulatis, recte plico-costatis, superné interstitiis linea punctata cinctis, ultimo parvo subattenuato, unicolore, plicis evanidis ; labio interno producto ; labro anticé subsinuoso. Inhab. Marquesas. In seven fathoms, sandy mud. An excellent diagnostic character exists in this species, in the circumstance that the girdling line which traverses the upper part of each whorl does not cross the ribs, but is confined to the interstices. 132. TErEBRA varicosa, Hinds, |. c. p. 152. Testa elongate conico-subulata, acuminata, nitida ; anfractibus subplanulatis, plico-costatis, superné cingulo tuberculato contractato cinctis; costis MOLLUSGA. 33 subdistantibus albidis, interstitiis striatis fuscis; anfractu ultimo breviusculo, rotundato, albo fasciato ; columella contorta. Inhab. Gulf of Papagayo, west coast of Central America. In twenty-three fathoms, mud. 133. Terepra lingualis, Hinds, l. c. p. 153. Testd turrito-subulata, albid4, flammeis atro-fuscis longitudinalibus ornataé ; anfractibus planulatis, duabus lineis impressis divisis, infra suturam tubercu- latis ; area inferiore levigata ; anfractu ultimo subrotundato, levigato, fasciato ; apertura quadrata ; columella contorta. Inhab. Gulf of Papagayo, Bay of Montejo, west coast of America. ‘Ten to seventeen fathoms, sandy mud. The whorls, particularly those of the spire, are divided into three spaces by two girdling lines; the lower area is smooth, but the two others, particularly the most superior, is tubercled. It is a handsome species, from the deep reddish- brown flames with which it is covered. 134. Teresra ligata, Hinds, |. c. p. 153. TestAé elongaté subulataé, acuminata; anfractibus planulatis, transversim striatis, cingulis duobus tuberculatis, cingulo superiore et area inferiore maculis quadratis fuscis transversis ornata, cingulo inferiore minore albida concolore ; anfractu ultimo parvo, biseriatim maculato. Inhab. Marquesas. In seven fathoms, sandy mud. 135. TrrEesra funiculata, Hinds, |. c. p. 153. Testa elongaté subulata, nitida, fulva ; anfractibus numerosis, planulatis, superné cingulo levi linea impressa diviso, infra cingulo minore, area inferiore transversim striata ; anfractu ultimo brevi, medio sulco unico; apertura parva, concolore ; labio interno subcalloso, producto. Hab. u 136. Terzsra eburnea, Hinds, 1.c. p. 153. Test obeso-subulata, alba ; anfractibus lzvigatis, nitidis, superné linea impressa, inferné uni-vel biseriatim lineis punctatis cinctis; anfractu ultimo seriebus quinis linearum punctarum ; apertura elongata ; columella levi, breviscula. Inhab. Seychelles. 137. TeREBRA amanda, Hinds, |. c. p. 154. Testa elongaté conico-subulata, nitida ; anfractibus planulatis, superné cingulo tuberculato margaritaceo cinctis, infra secundo minore concolore, inferné aurantiacis biseriatim punctato-lineatis, ultimo brevi ; columella contorta. Inhab. Straits of Macassar. In eleven fathoms, coarse sand. An uncommonly pretty shell, offering an elegant contrast between the row of pearly tubercles and the general orange colour. 138. TerrBra violascens, Hinds, |. c. p. 154. Testd turrita, cylindraceo-subulata, violacea ; K 34 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE SULPHUR. anfractibus rotundatis, longitrorsum obliqué plico-costatis, superné linea impressa obsolete cinctis ; costis subconfertis, interstitiis crebré striatis; apertura parva, elongata ; labio interno producto. Inhab. New Guinea; in seven fathoms, mud. The species is very like an American fossil from Alabama, 7. venusta, Lea. 139. TereBra armillata, Hinds, |. c. p. 154. Testa turrito-subulata, acuminata, fusca; an- fractibus planulatis, longitrorsum subdistanter plico-costatis, transversim lineis definitis impressis, superné cingulo noduloso, ztate valdé notabili; anfractu ultimo subquadrato, ad basin albo fasciato ; apertura atro-fusca; columella contorta. Inhab. Abundant in various localities on the west coast of America between Panama and the Bay of Magdalena in Lower California, in from five to thirteen fathoms. It was also found imbedded in the fossiliferous cliffs which surround a portion of the Bay of Magdalena. 140. Teregra tuberculosa, Hinds, |. c. p. 155. Testa turrito-subulaté, acuminata, olivacea ; anfractibus planulatis, levigatis, politis, superne cingulo tuberculato, area inferiore triseriatim tuber- culato, seriebus duabus superioribus frequenter subevanidis ; anfractu ultimo subquadrato, unicolore, multiseriatim tuberculato; columella contorta. Inhab. Panama, Gulf of Papagayo, and San Blas; in from four to eleven fathoms. . 14]. TerEpra specillata, Hinds, |. c. p. 155. Test& gracilé turrito-subulata, valdé acuminata, alba, rufo sparsim maculata et nebulosa; anfractibus subplanulatis longitrorsum subdistanter tenué plico-costatis, transversim leviter striatis, superné cingulo tuberculato, interstitiis tuberculorum preeci- pue pictis; anfractu ultimo fasciato; apertura parva; columella subrecti. Inhab. San Blas ; from seven fathoms, sandy mud. 142. TrerEsRa ¢extilis, Hinds, |. c. p. 156. Testa turrito-subulata, pallidé luted; anfractibus feré planulatis, longitrorsum plicatis, superné linea punctato-impressa cinctis, serie tuberculorum deindé excisa albida; plicis approximatis, interstitiis striatis; anfractu ultimo parvo, unicolore ; columella plicata, labio interno producto. Inhab. Straits of Macassar; im from six to thirteen fathoms, sand and coarse gravel. This Asiatic species very closely resembles the American just described, and furnishes another of those instances of affinity, which, whilst still retaining un- questionable distinctness, occur so frequently in the shells of the tropics of the two hemispheres ; and thus whilst beth are enriched by similar forms, these pre- sent themselves under slight but constant differences. 143. TErEBra pentcillata, Hinds, |. c. p. 157. Test turrit&, obeso-subulata, levigata, polita, alba lineis undatis rufis longitrorsum dispositis; anfractibus integris, ultimo elongato, efasciato ; spira obsolete plicata; apertura elongata; columellA levi. Inhab. Seychelles. MOLLUSCA. 35 144. Teresra luctuosa, Hinds, |. c. p. 157. Testa gracilé acuminata, levigata, polita, atro- fusca, rarils castanea vel olivacea; anfractibus subplanulatis, integris, superne plicis parvis undatis, infra evanidis, ultimo elongato, concolore; columella levi, breviuscula. Inhab. Gulf of Nicoya; Puerto Portrero, west coast of America; in twelve fathoms, coral] sand. 145. Teresra tenera, Hinds, 1.c. p. 158. Testa parva, obeso-subulata, levigata, nitida, an- fractibus plico-costatis, pallidé fulvis, superné prope suturam rufo fasciatis, ultimo ad basin rufo ; plicis continuis ; columella contorta. Inhab. Straits of Malacca, in seventeen fathoms ; Ceylon. 146. Teresra mera, Hinds, 1. c. p. 158. Testa subcylindraceo-subulata, levigata, nitida, albida, vel pallidé rufo laté fasciaté; anfractibus subplanulatis, superné plicis parvis numerosis obliquis, infra evanidis ; apertura parva, elongata; columella subtruncata. Inhab. Straits of Malacca, in seventeen fathoms. 147. TerEBra pygmea, Hinds, |. c. p. 158. Testa purpurea, obeso-subulata; anfractibus paucis, subrotundatis, longitrorsum minute plico-costatis, superné insigniter fascia angusté atro- purpurea cinctis, ultimo propé basin fasciato; apertura parva, fusci; labio interno subproducto. Inhab. Straits of Malacca, in seventeen fathoms. As the new species here introduced are included in my Monograph of the genus Terebra in Mr. Sowerby, Jun. Thesaurus Conchyliorum, [ have not consi- dered it desirable to repeat figures of them here. Nassa. Lamarck. 148. Nassa candens, (Plate IX, fig. 6, 7). TestA ovata, ventricosa, acuminata, turrita, pallida, fusco nebulosd ; anfractibus senis rotundatis, concinneé cancellatis, ad angulos tuberculatis, infra suturam tuberculorum seriebus duabus incrassatis ; labro integro; apertura callo albo. Inhab. Marquesas Islands. Neatly cancellated, ovate, and acuminate, spire turreted, whorls with a twin row of enlarged tubercles beneath the suture, which will materially assist to distin- guish it; the outer lip is considerably dilated inferiorly, with the margin entire, and in the older specimens thickened and even slightly everted. 149. Nassa cremata (Plate IX, fig. 8,9). Test& ovata, acuminata subturrita, rufescente ; anfractibus septenis rotundatis, concinné cancellatis, interstitiis quadratis, pallidé fasciatis; labro dentato, inferné sinuoso ; columella producta, antica. Inhab. This species differs from the preceding in being something less turreted, the 36 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE SULPHUR. absence of the enlarged series of tubercles beneath the suture, the angles of the decussating lines not being distinctly tubercular, outer lip toothed, and the inner produced forwards with a sharp margin. 150. Nassa perpinguis, (Plate IX, fig. 12,13). Testa elongaté ovata, acuminata, lutescente, tenui; anfractibus senis rotundatis, ventricosis, cancellatis, concoloribus vel pallidé fasciatis, ultimo parviusculo; columella vix callosa. Inhab. Bay of Magdalena, California. The last whorl is comparatively small and contracted, and as the two suc- ceeding are rounded, it gives the shell a very obese appearance ; the outer lip has a slight sinus, and a viteous callus is sparingly deposited over the columella. 151. Nassa myristicata, (Plate IX, fig. 10, 11). Test& ovata, acuminata, solida, sordida ; anfractibus octonis rotundatis, costis rotundis obliquis longitrorsum indutis, spire per series adscendentibus, lineis salientibus rufis transversim decussatis ; apertura parviuscula; labio interno antice producto. Inhab. Cape of Good Hope. The characters here are bold and distinguishing; full rounded ribs are tra- versed by elevated reddish brown lines; those of the spire are continuous, the aperture is small, and the columella has a thin produced lamina. The whole shell is solid and ponderous. 152. Nassa nodata, (Plate IX, fig. 14, 15). Testa ovata, elongata, pallida; anfractibus septenis rotundatis, longitrorsum costatis, lineis salientibus decussatis, supra costas tuberculosas albidis, ultimo nigro bifasciato; labro integro acuto; labio interno producto; apertura parviuscula. Inhab. Straits of Malacca; from seventeen fathoms, in the mud. 153. Nassa mesta, (Plate IX, fig. 18, 19). Testa parva, ovata, acuminata, nigricante; anfractibus senis subplanulatis superné paulisper coarctatis, longitrorsum plico-costatis, lineis j eae ‘ oN BN decussatis granulosis, infra suturam lutescentibus ; columella callosd; apertura nigra. Inhab. Gulf of Papagayo, west coast of Central America; in from eight to fourteen fathoms, among mud. 154. Nassa gaudiosa, (Plate IX, fig. 16,17.) Test& ovata, elongata, acuminata, polita, fusca 5 x . 5 : EN . a : : E = vel rufescente, albo articulate fasciat&; anfractibus subrotundatis, superne plicatis, lineis rufis transversis instructis; labro integro: columella nuda, levi. Inhab. Straits of Malacca. Shell ovate, elongated, and polished; whorls, beneath the suture plicated, adorned with equidistant red lines, mottled with dark and white, which often assume an articulated fasciated character; columella not in the least callous, and quite smooth. MOLLUSCA. 37 Puos. Montfort. Phos, Montfort, 1810. Rhinodomus, Swainson, 1840. 155. Pos crassus, Hinds, Ann. Nat. Hist. vol. xi. p. 257, (Plate X, fig. 1,2.) Testa elongate ovata, subturrita, solida, pallidé fusca ; anfractibus rotundatis, costatis ; costis rudibus, subdistantibus, lineis salientibus decussatis ; labro grandidentato ; columella anticé valde producta. Inhab. Panama; Gulf of Fonseca; dredged as solitary shells in from three to fourteen fathoms, among mud. Solid and massive, with large coarse ribs crossed by prominent lines; whorls slightly contracted beneath the suture; the margin of the outer lip toothed, inter- nal ridges strongly marked; columella with a lamina produced directly and boldly forward. The colour is light brown, somewhat deeper on the ribs. 156. PHos virgatus, (Plate X, fig. 11, 12.) Testa elongaté ovata, levigata, pallidé fused ; anfractibus rotundatis costatis, infra suturam subcoarctatis; costis rotundatis, superné nodatis, lineis impressis fuscis transversim instructis ; labro subcrenulato; columella levi, producta. Inhab. Ceylon. As in the preceding, the whorls are somewhat contracted beneath the suture, and hence the ribs present at the upper part a nodulous appearance ; regularly disposed excavated lines are arranged transversely. In some specimens the ribs are occasionally disposed to become varicose. The outer lip is somewhat crenu- late on the margin, and the inner is slightly produced. 157. Puos retecosus, (Plate X, fig. 3, 4.) Testa elongate ovata, ventricosé subturrita, pallida ; anfractibus rotundatis, concinné costatis; costis numerosis, circd quindecem ad peripheriam, lineis transversis nodulosis, poné labrum valdé aggregatis; labro subcrenulato: columella varicosa, vix callosa. Inhab. Ceylon. In this species the ribs are numerous, and nodulous at the crossings of the transverse lines; in the adult shell there is also a curious aggregation of them behind the outer lip, and which is of a whiter colour than the other portions. The columella supports several varices, and is clothed with a slightly produced callus. Judging from the figures given by M. Deshayes, this species very closely resembles his Buccinum Roissyi, if we except the peculiar character furnished by the labrum, no signs of which I can discover in his figures, though it is constant in all our specimens. 158. Puos veraguensis, Hinds, Ann. Nat. Hist. vol. xi. p. 257, (Plate X, fig. 18, 14.). Testa elongaté ovata, cancellata, fusci; anfractibus subrotundatis, obsolete fasciatis, cancellis transversis, ad angulos subnodosis; labro crenulato; columella nuda vel vix callosA. L 38 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE SULPHUR. Inhab. Pueblo Nueva, west coast of Veragua ; in twenty-six fathoms, living gregariously in the mud. The law of repetition of affinity under similar circumstances, meets with copious illustration in tropical American shells, when compared with those of cor- responding situations in the Asiatic seas; and in some cases the species are not easily defined. Thus, Solarium granulatum of Asia is represented by S. quadriceps ; many further instances may be found in Pleurotoma, Nucula, Cardium, Natica, &c., and in the present case we have the representative of Phos senticosus. 159. Puos articulatus, (Plate X. fig. 7, 8.) Testa elongaté ovata, albida, fusco nebulosa, anfractibus rotundatis, costatis, lineis impressis transversis, infra suturam planulatis et angulatis, albo fusco articulato angusté fasciatis; costis cired quatuordecem ad peripheriam, interdum varicosis; columella nuda. Inhab. Panama. The narrow banded articulated markings render this very distinct, and at the same time confer on it considerable beauty. 160. Puos roseatus, (Plate X, fig. 9,10.) Testa ovata, acuminata, turrita, cancellata, interdum varicosa ; anfractibus rotundatis, sparsim fusco nebulosis; labro pone costis aggregatis, sinu magno ; apertura subquadrata, rosea, superné callosa sed edenticulata. Inhab. North coast of Sumatra. This Phos has the varices of a Triton, with its proper mouth and external cancellation. The former is-of a delicate rose pink. 161. PHos gaudens, (Plate X, fig. 5, 6.) Testa elongate ovata, acuminata, nitida, pallida, prope suturam atro-fusco fasciata ; anfractibus rotundatis, costatis, costis circa novem ad peripheriam, albidé nodulosis, interstitiis subtiliter striatis, ultimo fasciato; apertura elongate ovali. Inhab. Gulf of Tehuantepec, west coast of Mexico. Dredged from thirteen fathoms. CoLUMBELLA. Lamarck. 162. CoLumBELLa fusiformis, (Plate X, fig. 17, 18.) Testa fusiformi, utrinque attenuata, levigata, pallida, strigis rufis longitrorsum nubeculata; anfractibus subrotundatis, nudis, ad extremum spire costatis, ultimo dorsd tuberculo unico; lJabro incrassato, planulato, intus levi; apertura elongata, albidé ; labio interno subproducto ; epidermide tenui induta. Inhab. Veragua, west coast of America. In twenty-four fathoms, among sand. The associate of C. lanceolata and C. recurva, from which it is distinguished by its smooth whorls, naked of tubercles or ribs, if we except the very extreme MOLLUSCA. 39 ones of the spire. A remarkable sharp tubercle is situated on the back of the last whorl. 163. CoLtumBELLA pavonina, (Plate X, fig. 19, 20.) Testa obeso-ovata, polita, solida, pallida, maculis vel strigis saturate rufis longitrorsum ornata ; anfractibus subplanulatis, leviter sulcatis, ultimo magno, superné obtuse angulato; spira exserta, acuminata ; apertura elongata; labio interno producto. Inhab. The last whorl is proportionately large, solid, and shouldered, whence a com- paratively small taper spire has its origin. The ground colour is white, but this is handsomely varied by irregular blotches of a decided red, these maintaining a longitudinal direction. The paper referring to its habitat has been accidentally mislaid, but it is most probably from America. 4 164. CotumBELLAa carinata, (Plate X, fig. 15,16.) Testa ovata, acuminata, levigata, sub- tenui, fusca, spira nigricante ; anfractibus subrotundatis, ultimo superné carina obtusa albida cincto, subtus coarctato; labro inflexo, vix incrassato ; apertura nigra. Inhab. Bodegas and San Diego, California. In seven fathoms and under that depth. 165. CoLuMBELLA lentiginosa, (Plate X, fig. 21, 22.) Testa parva, ovata, nigricante, albo conspersa ; anfractibus longitrorsum plico-costatis, infra suturam fascia alba cinctis, ultimo trans- versim sulcato ; apertura nigricante. Inhab. Gulf of Nicoya. Associated in considerable numbers with Columbellu pygmea under the stones of the beach. Beneath a magnifying power, the speckled appearance of this little shell becomes resolved into numerous regularly disposed articulated transverse bands, separated by furrows. ‘These are most conspicuous on the last whorl, as on the spire they are interrupted by the rib-like folds. Tricnotropis. Broderip et Sowerby. 166. Tricnotroris cancellata, Hinds, Proceed. Zool. Soc. 1848, p. 17, (Plate XI, fig. 11, 12.) Testa oblonga; anfractibus senis, rotundatis, costatis, valdé cancellatis ; costis setosis; anfractu ultimo infra subplanulato; sutura profunda ; apertura rotundata, ad basin truncata; umbilico parvo lineari, labio interno feré occulto. Inhab. Sitka, North-west America. Dredged in the harbour from a sandy bottom, in from five to seven fathoms, together with 7’. cnermis. Shell oblong, the spire more produced than in 7. bicarinata; the whorls 40 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE SULPHUR. separated by a deep suture, profoundly cancellated ; many keeled, and furnished on the lines of the striee of increase with numerous short bristles at regular inter- vals. The aperture is rounded, and truncated at the base ; the canal so short as scarcely to exist. Umbilicus small, and somewhat concealed by the inner lip, which is slightly developed. 167. TricHotroris inermis, Hinds, |. c. p. 18, (Plate XI, fig. 13, 14.) Testa ovatd, solidula ; anfractibus quaternis rotundatis, multicostatis, longitudinaliter levissime striatis; costulis sub- equalibus, planulatis, inermibus ; apertura oblonga, canali brevi desinente; umbilico mediocri; labio interno producto. Inhab. Sitka, North-west America. Obtained in company with the pre- ceding. In shape and outline this shell approaches 7’. borealis. It will be readily distinguished from any hitherto known species by the absence of armature on the epidermis, in which we lose sight in the instance before us of one of the characters of the genus. The whorls are rounded and separated, as in the other species, by a deep suture. The last whorl is remarkable for the strong ridges which it bears at rather distant intervals, marking the termination or commencement of the periodical stages of growth. In the method of formation of the canal there is a close affinity in this shell to some Cancellaria, particularly in the angular-mouthed species, and the affinity is extended to the character of the whorls and their con- nexion by the suture. Famity—MIrTRACcEz. Mirra. Lamarck. 168. Mirra Belcheri, Hinds, Ann, Nat. Hist. vol. xi. p. 255, (Plate XI, fig. 1, 2.) Testa fusi- formi, turrita, elongata, solid4 ; anfractibus levigatis, inequaliter suleatis vel exaratis, divisionibus duabus superioribus majoribus ; epidermide nigra induta sed infra lactea; columell4 quadriplicata ; labio externo tenui. Inhab. Gulfs of Nicoya and Papagayo, Central America. Dredged from a muddy floor in seventeen fathoms. This fine shell approaches the largest species of the genus, and is distin- guished for its handsome symmetry. It is of an elongated fusiform shape, tur- reted, the spire rather produced, and the last whorl occupying not more than half of the entire length. The shell itself is milky white, but is everywhere covered by a smooth black epidermis. The whorls are ploughed at unequal distances with deep channels or sulci, of which the two superior divisions have the greatest breadth, but the inferior of the two is the broadest. The columella is furnished MOLLUSCA. Al with four plaits, the upper being somewhat distant, and the lower not very dis- tinct. The outer lip is thin, and uneven by reason of the sulci which terminate on the margin; the inner is slightly developed. Impricaria. Schumacher. Imbricaria, Schumacher, 1817. Conohelix, Swainson, 1833. 169. Ipricaria carbonacea, (Plate XI, fig. 9,10.) Testa conico-involuta, levigata, polita, nigerrima, prope basin obsoleté sulcata; spira acuminata; columella quinque-plicata; plicis gra- datim minoribus, inferioribus subobsoletis. Inhab. L’Agulhas Bank, Cape of Good Hope. Dredged from deep water, on a gravelly floor. CANCELLARIA. Lamarck. 170. CancELLarta ventricosa, Hinds, Proceed. Zool. Soc. 1843, p. 47, (Plate XII, fig. 11. 12.) Testa ovaté, acuminata, albescente; anfractibus septenis, ventricosis, subturbinatis, cancel- latis, interstitiis quadratis ; apertura oblonga, propé mediam dilatata ; labio interno expanso; colu- mella triplicaté ; umbilico mediocri. Inhab. The west coast of America, between 12° 28’ and 24° 38' north latitude ; viz. Realejo, in from sixty to seventy fathoms; San Blas; Gulf of Magdalena, California, in seven fathoms, sandy mud. Very similar in its characters to C. candida, but distinguished from it in the absence of the secondary impressed lines which cross and interfere with the can- cellation. C. candida is described with only two columellar folds, which might be regarded as another source of difference, our shell having three very distinct. But I think it will be found on close examination that the former has a third incipient fold, which, though very small, truly exists. 171. Cancetuarta urceolata, Hinds, |. c. p. 47, (Plate XII, fig. 7, 8.) Testa ovata, acumi- nata, levigata, epidermide fusca indutd; anfractibus septenis, costatis, superné subangulatis, ultimo subquadrato ; costis parviusculis, rotundatis, lineis elevatis decussatis ; apertura oblonga, in canalem recurvum effusum desinente ; labro subrecto, intis sulcato ; labio interno expanso ; columella bipli- eata, sed plica tertia inferiore obsoleta; plicd superiore in dente acuto desinente, sinu inferiore magno ; umbilico parvo. Inhab. The west coast of America, between 12° 2’ and 21° 32’ north latitude ; M 42 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE SULPHUR. viz. Gulf of Papagayo, in from eight to fourteen fathoms; San Blas, in seven fathoms. The elevations which cross this shell are remarkably disposed. If the finger- nail is driven over the shell, from the base towards the apex, it meets with no resistance, but if in the contrary direction it is obstructed at every elevation. The squareness of the last whorl and the straight outer lip have a mutual relation, since they are dependent on each other; and these characters, taken collectively, will be of value in making a diagnosis between nearly allied species. 172. Cancetuarta albida, Hinds, |. c. p. 47, (Plate XII, fig. 9,10.) Testé oblonga, subat- tenuata, cancellata, albescente ; anfractibus septenis, interstitiis transversis vel subquadratis ; aper- tura oblonga ; labro acuto, intus sulcato; columella biplicata, plica tertia inferiore obsoleta; umbi- lico minimo, subocculto ; canali mediocri, contorto. Inhab. The west coast of America, between 2° 47’ south, and 9° 55’ north latitude ; viz. Bay of Guayaquil, Panama, and Veragua, in from seven to twenty- three fathoms. 173. CanceLuaria cremata, Hinds, 1. c. p. 48. Testa oblonga, subattenuata, fusca, lucida ; anfractibus quinis, canceilatis, interstitiis magnis, transversis vel subquadratis ; apertura oblonga, superné plica unica ; labro intts sulcis subdistantibus, labio interno expanso ; columella triplicata ; umbilico mediocri; canali breviusculo. Inhab. Bay of Panama; from a muddy bed in from four to ten fathoms. The figures Cancellaria 9 and 10, in the ‘“ Conchological Illustrations,” ap- pear to me to represent two distinct species, both of which were collected in H. M.S. Sulphur. Fig. 10 corresponds more closely with the description of C. indentata, and to this I would limit the species. Fig. 9 will then represent the above. 174. Cancetiaria corrugata, Hinds, 1. c. p. 48, (Plate XII, fig. 1,2.) Testa bucciniformi, fusca ; anfractibus quaternis, subventricosis, rugis parvis longitudinalibus confertis indutis, lineis impressis decussatis ; apertura oblonga, fusca; labro intus suleato; columella plicis duabus albidis instructa ; umbilico nullo ; canali mediocri. Inhab. Bay of Guayaquil. From seven fathoms, mud. 175. Cancetuarta elata, Hinds, 1. c. p. 48, (Plate XII, fig. 3, 4.) Testa ovata, elongata, acuminata ; anfractibus septenis costatis, superne angulatis, lineis elevatis decussatis ; sutura pro- fund4; apertura ovali; peritremate superne disjuncto; labro intus sulcato; columella triplicata ; plica inferiore maxima ; umbilico parvo, subocculto ; canali inflexo. Inhab. A single specimen was obtained at Panama, from thirty fathoms. This shell will always be readily distinguished by its elongated form, MOLLUSCA. 43 shouldered ribs, and by the remarkable circumstance of the plaits on the columella being reversed in size, the inferior being the largest. 176. CancELiarta funiculata, Hinds, |. c. p. 48, (Plate XII, fig. 5, 6.) Testa ovata, elon- gata; anfractibus senis, costatis, superné subangulatis ; costis subdistantibus elevatis, rotundatis, nodulosis, lineis elevatis decussatis ; sutura profunda; labro intus suleato; columella plicis tribus parvis ; umbilico marginato ; canali subnullo. Inhab. A single specimen only was obtained by the dredge from seven fa- thoms, sandy mud, in the Gulf of Magdalena, California. 177. Cancenzarta bicolor, Hinds, |. c. p. 48, (Plate XII, fic. 13, 14.) Testa retusa, contabulata, fusco-nigricante; anfractibus septenis, angulatis, procul costatis; costis acutis, lineis elevatis distantibus decussatis; apertura trigona, superné callositate alba; labro reflexo, intts sulcato; columella triplicata ; umbilico magno. Inhab. Straits of Macassar. From ten fathoms, coarse sand. A nearly allied species is the American shell, C. rigida, Sowerby; but the present is a larger shell, with sharper distant ribs, crossed at regular distances by slightly elevated lines, and the peritreme is not crenulate. The ribs of C. rigida are nodulous from the crossing lines, which are also disposed to rugosity through- out. In C. bicolor the lines are particularly regular and uniform in their characters. 178. CanceLuarta lamellosa, Hinds, |. c. p. 49, (Plate XII, fig. 15, 16.) Testa ovata, acuminata, pallida, contabulata ; anfractibus senis, ventricosis, lamellis numerosis confertis crenatis in loco costarum instructis; apertura trigon&; labro incrassato, reflexo; columella plicis tribus parvis; umbilico magno ; canali subnullo. Inhab. This species has an extensive habitat, being found in several places in the Indian Archipelago and at the Cape of Good Hope. At the latter a single specimen was obtained on the L’Agulhas Bank in seventy fathoms ; also at Ceylon and in the Straits of Macassar. Corresponding to the customary situation of the ribs, this species throws off series of lamellae, two or more in number, which present a sharp, reflected, crenated margin. These are clustered together in very irregular numbers, some- times there being only two, or perhaps even one; but as the shell advances in age they are usually crowded together in some numbers, and this remarkable and elegant character will readily distinguish it from any other species. 179. Cancettaria antiquata, Hinds, |. c. p. 49, (Plate XII, fig. 17, 18.) Testa ovata, acuminata, contabulata, albida ; anfractibus septenis, planulatis, costatis, transversim striatis ; costis acutis, superné spinis cavis desinentibus; apertura trigona; labro reflexo; columella plicis tribus minimis ; umbilico maximo. Inhab. New Guinea. In twenty-two fathoms, coarse sand. 44 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE SULPHUR. A species nearly allied to the singular C. trigonostoma, having a similar rela- tive situation of the whorls to each other, and a very large umbilicus. This is a smaller shell, with a shorter spire, and sutures less profound. FamMiny—OLivace“. ANCILLARIA. Lamarck. 180. Ancinnaria mamillata, (Plate XI, fig. 7,8.) Test& elongate ovata, aurantiaco-fulva ; anfractu ultimo superné et ad basin saturatits fasciato; spira valde mamilleformi, sulcato, veluti ex machina tornato, apice mucronata, antice et ad dextram callo rugoso insigniter induta; labro inferné denticulato, columella callosa alba. Inhab. Straits of Malacca. In seventeen fathoms, in the mud. This species is not unlike A. rubiginosa, except that the spire is very remarkably nipple-shaped, and grooved in a manner so regular as to appear to have been subjected to a lathe; at the extremity it is mucronate, and a thick rugose callus is spread over its anterior and right side. Famity—MARrGINELLACEE. MarGinetua. Lamarck. Section I. Pheenospira. 181. Marcinetia nodata, Hinds, Proceed. Zool. Soc. 1844, March, (Plate XIII, fig. 6, 7.) Testa elongaté ovata vel subfusiformi, luteo-olivacea, lineis nigris subflexuosis longitrorsum ornata, punctis concoloribus conspersis: spira elongata, inconspicue plico-costata ; labro incrassato, intiis denticulato ; columella quadriplicata. Inhab. Cape Blanco, west coast of Africa. In twelve to fifteen fathoms, sand. Whilst this species possesses the general aspect and character of M. Clery?, it differs in being somewhat larger, more broadly shouldered, having the longi- tudinal lines studded at intervals with dark spots, and which are somewhat regu- larly disposed in the transverse direction, and lastly, in having the spire less elongated, and furnished with rather indistinct pliciform ribs. 182. MarGinELLa musica, Hinds, Proceed. Zool. Soc. 1844, March, (Plate XIII, fig. 8, 9.) Testa ovata, cinereo-olivacea, lineis nigris transversim ornata ; spird retuso-conica; labro paululum incrassato, intus levi; columella quadriplicata. Inhab. Cape Blanco, west coast of Africa. In thirty-three fathoms, sand. MOLLUSCA. 45 Readily distinguished from any species hitherto described by the transverse, somewhat distant, and regularly disposed dark lines. 183. Marernetua Belcheri, Hinds, Proceed. Zool. Soc. 1844, March, (Plate XIII, fig. 1, 2, 3, 4,5.) Testa concinné ovata, alba, lineis eleganter punctatis, raris, frequentioribus, vel confertis transversim dispositis, interdum albo fasciata ; spira mediocri, conica; labro incrassato, albo, prope medium subdilatato, ints levi; columella quadriplicata. Inhab. Cape Blanco, west coast of Africa. In twelve to fifteen fathoms, sand. This very beautiful species displays a considerable variation in the character of its markings. In some individuals the exterior is nearly white, with a few scattered transverse lines, composed of elegant minute dottings, and these are perhaps the older shells; from this they gradually become more and more covered, till in some the whole surface is quite darkened. In this latter case, irregular lines become conspicuous in the longitudinal direction. In many speci- mens the transverse lines are separated by intervals which permit the ground colour of the shell to show through like milk-white bands. The outer lip seems to retain in all cases its uniform white colour, and at its upper part is slightly emarginate, but becomes thickened at and a little beneath the centre. 184. Maretnewta scripta, Hinds, Proceed. Zool. Soc. 1844, March, (Plate XIII, fig. 16, 17.) Testa parva, retusé ovata, cinerea, lineis nigris longitudinalibus valdé angulatis (zig-zag) sparsim litterata ; spira retusissima; labro intus denticulato; columella quinqueplicata, plicis duabus supe- rioribus transversis. Inhab. Straits of Macassar. In eleven to fourteen fathoms, coarse sand. A pretty, neat, small species, covered with characteristic zig-zag lines, rather broadly shouldered, and having five folds on the columella. 185. Mareineya sapotilla, Hinds, Proceed. Zool. Soc. 1844, March, (Plate XIII, fig. 10, 11.) Testa elongaté ovata, feré subcylindraceo-ovata, cinerea vel glaucescente, concolore ; spira retuso-conica ; apertura intus fusca; labro incrassato, recto, albo, postice fulvo, intus levi ; colu- mella quadriplicata. Inhab. Panama. In five to thirteen fathoms, sandy mud. The American analogue of M. prunum, than which it is of smaller size, more cylindrical in shape, whence results its straight outer lip, less fullness and roundness of the shoulders, but without any disposition to that obscure banding which is visible in some specimens of M. prunum. Both species present a rich brown colour within the aperture, and in general appearance they are remarkably alike. 186. Marcrneua vitrea, Hinds, Proceed. Zool. Soc. 1844, March, (Plate XIII, fig. 18, 19.) N 46 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE SULPHUR. Testa coniformi, hyalina, nitidé ; spiraé valde retusa ; labro paululim incrassato et reflexo, intis levi ; columella plicis quatuor gracilibus. Inhab. West coast of Africa. 187. Mareineia fusiformis, Hinds, Proceed. Zool. Soc. 1844, March, (Plate XIII, fig. 20, 21.) Testa fusiformi, albida vel pallidé cornea; spira elata, obtusa; anfractu ultimo gradatim attenuato ; labro paululum incrassato, intus levi; apertura lineari ; columelia quadriplicata. Inhab. Straits of Malacca; in seventeen fathoms, mud. This species departs so far from the usual outline of the genus, as to become decidedly fusiform. The recent shell is most probably of a delicate horn colour, though the prevailing number of our specimens are white, shining, and glassy, and there seems little doubt that these have lost their original colour. Section II. Cryprospira. 188. Mareineua tricincta, Hinds, Proceed. Zool. Soc. 1844, March, (Plate XII, fig. 12, 13.) Testa obeso-ovata, cinereo ccerulente, fusco trifasciata ; labro incrassato, luteo, ints levi; columella sexplicata, ad basin alba; plicis tribus superioribus transversis ; suprema paululum obsoleta. Inhab. Straits of Macassar; in eleven fathoms, coarse sand. A fine species very typical of this section, and distinguished by its three dark girdling bands. Of the six folds which are supported by the columella, the three, and perhaps also four, superior are horizontal, whilst those inferior become oblique. The highest fold is not so boldly produced as the others, and is some- what removed from them. It is worthy of remark that most of the species from the above locality have more than four folds on the columella. 189. Marernetta blanda, Hinds, Proceed. Zool. Soc. 1844, March, (Plate XIII, fig. 14, 15.) TestA ovata, tenui, sardonychia, obsoleté fasciataé; spira vix occulta, pallida ; labro subincrassato et reflexo, intus levi; columella albida, sexplicata, plicis superioribus evanidis. Inhab. Cape Blanco, west coast of America, in twelve to fifteen fathoms. In outline slightly elongated and ovate, thin, of a delicate cornelion, with faint bandings; the labrum very little thickened and reflexed, of the same colour as the rest of the shell; aperture equal in length to the shell, the columella sup- porting six folds and of a pale colour; the superior folds scarcely perceptible. Erato. Risso. 190. Erato vitellina, (Plate XIII, fig. 22, 23.) Test obeso-ovata, ceeruleo-rufescente ; spira retusa ; labro incrassato, gross¢ 7-dentato; columella granulata; apertura inferne dilatata, ad basin effusa. Inhab. Bay of Magdalena, California; in seven fathoms, among sand. MOLLUSCA. 47 This is the largest species hitherto described, but is not otherwise very pro- minently distinguished. It possesses the peculiar livid colour common to most of the species, varying to white near the sutures and at the back of the lip; the latter is of a horny-green colour. Rineicuta. Deshayes. 191. RineicuLa caron, Hinds, Proceed. Zool. Soc. 1844, (Plate XVI, fig. 15, 16.) Testa ovata, acuminata, striata, nitida; anfractibus rotundatis, ultimo subtransverso, rotundato, distanter striato; spira exserta ; apertura subabbreviata ; labro corrugato. Inhab. Straits of Malacca; in seventeen fathoms, among mud. The species of Ringicula are not readily identified by description, but the above may be distinguished from a few others which I have described in the Pro- ceedings of the Zoological Society, by its proportionately lengthened spire, the shortening of the last whorl, whereby its greatest breadth is probably in the transverse direction, and by being grooved with striz situated at regular distances from each other. Ovutum. Lamarck. 192. Ovutum dorsuosum, (Plate XVI, fig. 3,4.) Testa elongato-ovata, levissime striata, utrinque subacuminata ; dorso supra mediam rotundato, inferné attenuato; labro anticé planulato, suleato ; columella inferné subexcavata, ints plica longitudinali munita. Inhab. Straits of Malacca; in nine fathoms, among mud. 193. Ovuxum gallinaceum, (Plate XVI, fig. 1,2.) Testa solida, retusa, ovata, albida, nitida, dorso superné angulata fascia transversa pict, inferné angustata; spira minutissimé granulata ; labro suleato; columella ad dimidium inferiorem sulcata ; apertura angusta, lineari. Inhab. New Guinea; Straits of Macassar; in from five to seventeen fathoms. A small species adorned on the angle at its back with a single transverse brown band. The aperture is very contracted, and the outer lip, together with the inferior half of the columella, is delicately sulcated. Minute granulations cover the spire, but they are scarcely visible to the naked eye. 194. Ovunum corrugatum, (Plate XVI, fig. 5, 6.) Testa parva, pallidé virente, dorsé cor- rugata, linea mediana conspicua; apertura angusta, ad basin fusco picta. Inhab. New Guinea; in from five to twenty-one fathoms, among soft mud. 48 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE SULPHUR. FamMILy—SCALARIACER. Scauaria. Lamarck. 195. Scataria glabrata, Hinds, Proceed. Zool. Soc. 1843, p. 124. Testa elongata, polita; anfractibus decenis, rotundatis, feré disjunctis ; costis membranaceis, vicinis supra et infra connatis, prope suturam dilatatis; anfractu ultimo decemcostato; apertura ovali; umbilico peritremate tecto. Inhab. Amboina; Straits of Macassar; Straits of Malacca. On the muddy floor, in from ten to seventeen fathoms. The specimens were all obtained without the animal, but the mottled appear- ance which they present seems to indicate, that when recent they were most pro- bably of a light brown colour. 196. Scatarta Diane, Hinds, 1. c. p. 125. Testa ovata, acuminata, polita; anfractibus septenis connatis, costis valdé aleformibus ornatis ; anfractu ultimo hexacostato, ad basin obtuse carinato ; apertura, rotundata, inferne subtruncata; peritremate extus alato ; umbilico nullo. Inhab. Gulf of Nicoya; from thirty-six fathoms, among mud. 197. Scauartia vestalis, Hinds, 1. c. p. 125. Testa ovato-elongata, pallida ; anfractibus nonis rotundatis, connatis; costis numerosis, tenuibus, sparsim varicosis, lineis transversis eleganter cancellatis ; apertura ovali; umbilicata. Inhab. New Guinea ; from seven fathoms, among mud. An elegant cancellated species, with numerous fine ribs, which, when becom- ing varicose, are slightly spined above. The number of ribs on the last whorl appears little liable to fluctuation, and they become a very useful and valuable character in the discrimination of the species. In S. vestalis their number is twenty-two. 198. Scauarta suiuralis, Hinds, 1. c. p. 125. Testa elongata, pallidé fusca; anfractibus decenis, connatis ; costis numerosis, patvis, approximatis, lineis transversis decussatis, subdistanter varicosis ; sutura et anfractu ultimo ad basin carinato ; apertura subrotunda ; umbilico nullo. Inhab. Straits of Malacca; from seventeen fathoms, among mud. An elongated shell; also somewhat cancellated by lines traversing the nu- merous small ribs. At intervals of something less than the volution of each whorl a thick rounded varix is formed; a keeled line also occupies the most inferior portion of the whorl, close to the suture. The specimens had been left by the animal some time previous to being captured, and though they are not in very good condition, there still remains a disposition to a dark brown banding. MOLLUSCA. 49 199. ScauartA aciculina, Hinds, 1. c. p. 125. Testa elongata, polita; anfractibus decenis subdisjunctis ; costis rotundatis, superné angulatis ; anfractu ultimo decemcostato ; apertura ovali ; umbilico parvo. Inhab. West coast of intertropical America. 200. Scararra creberrima, Hinds, |. c. p. 125. Testa ovato-elongata, albid&; anfractibus septenis, connatis, costis tenuibus creberrimé instructis; apertura ovali; umbilico nullo. Inhab. North coast of New Guinea; from seven fathoms, among mud. The whorls are closely set with ribs, in numbers almost too great to be enumerated. 201. Scatarta porrecta, Hinds, |. c. p. 126. Testa ovato-elongaté, fuscd, polita; anfractibus octonis, connatis, superné rotundatis ; costis acutis, superné aculeatis ; anfractu ultimo septemdecem- costato, pallidé fasciato ; apertura ovali, ad basin truncato; umbilico nullo. Inhab. Straits of Malacca; from seventeen fathoms, among mud. 202. Scauarta vulpina, Hinds, |. c. p. 126. Testa elongata, fusca; anfractibus nonis rotundatis, connatis ; costis obtusis, rotundatis, lineis elevatis decussatis; sutura profunda; anfractu ultimo novemcostato, ad basin obtuse carinato; apertura rotunda; umbilico nullo. Inhab. Island of Quibo, Veragua, Central America; from thirty fathoms, among mud; the temperature below being 58°, and at the surface 82°. A pretty little shell, which, under first impressions, the propriety of placing in Scalaria might be called in question, though it possesses the characters as- signed to the genus. Still there is a difference of character and appearance which creates a momentary hesitation. But, together with its deep suture, the basal whorl is provided at its inferior surface with a blunt keel, which is also to be met with in a few other species of Sca/aria, but I am not aware in any other genus, and which induces me to place it here without the least doubt as to the propriety of its location. Faminty—TwurBINACEE. Sotarium. Lamarck. 203. Sorarium purpuratum, Hinds, Proceed. Zool. Soc. 1844, p. 25, (Plate XIV. fig. 1, 2.) Testa conico-orbiculata ; anfractibus subtumidis, spire longitudinaliter obliqué plicatis, superné sulcis duabus cinctis, maculis rufo-fuscis subgeminis ornatis, area mediana pallidé cinerea; ad peri- pheriam carinata articulate maculaté; ad basin strigis rufo-fuscis radiatim dispositis; umbilico subpatulo, crenis parvis albidis. Inhab. i 50 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE SULPHUR. The base is distinctively ornamented with reddish-brown rays, and the square spots on the whorls are somewhat twin in their distribution, since they occupy corresponding situations in the two upper narrow areas. 204. Sozarium perdix, Hinds, |. c. p. 22, (Plate XIV. fig. 3, 4.) Testa conoidea, tenui, levigata, pallida; anfractibus subtumidis, superné cingulo unico divisis, spire minute plico-striatis ; ad peripheriam angulata tricarinata, carina media prominente, majore, crenifera ; cingulo et carinis maculis rafis subquadratis ornatis ; umbilico patulo, crenulis parvis albis cincto. Inhab. Ceylon; north-west coast of Australia. This possesses the general contour of S. perspectivum, but is thinner, the whorls are slightly tumid, and furnished above with a flat smooth girdle, orna- mented with somewhat distant rufous spots. ‘The most prominent keel is character- istically covered with small tubercular crenulations. When placed on its base, the apex is much inclined and the general direction oblique. The umbilicus is some- what less patulous than in S. perspectivum, and neatly encircled with numerous white and smaller crenations. The umbilical space is destitute of ribs, folds, or keels, bearing alone the marks of the strie of growth and a thin horny epidermis. 205. Sorarrum placentale, Hinds, |. c. p. 22, (Plate XIV. fig. 5,6.) Testa discoidea, pallidé fulva, levigata; spira valdé depressi; anfractibus planulatis, ordinaté spiraliter striatis ; ad peri- pheriam obtusé unicarinata, subtus striata; carina crenulata; ad basin subtumida; apertura triangulari ; umbilico valdé patulo, crenis tuberculatis subdistantibus armato. Inhab. Bay of Magdalena, California; in seven fathoms, sand. 206. Sorartum quadriceps, Hinds, 1. c. p.23, (Plate XIV. fig. 7,8.) Testa orbiculato-discoidea; anfractibus quadriseriatim cingulatis ; cingulis tuberculis quadratis, planulatis, approximatis instructis, inferiore majore, et cum superiore rufo picto; ad basin tumidd, area mediana radiatim plicata ; umbilico patulo, crenis magnis fuscis cincto ; area umbilicali levi. Inhab. Bay of Panama; in five fathoms, among mud. This species is very closely allied to S. granulatum, from which it will be found to differ in the character and relative proportion of the granular girdles. A single and perhaps rather small specimen was alone obtained, which is somewhat more discoid than the above species; four girdles traverse each whorl, of which the inferior is the largest, and the tubercles closely set, flattened, and obliquely square ; the umbilicus is rather more expanded, and the marginal tubercles are of a similar size, but coloured of a reddish brown. SS. quadriceps is an American shell, and S. granulatum an Asiatic. 207. Sotartum asperum, Hinds, |. ¢. p. 23, (Plate XIV. tig. 9,10.) Testa discoidea; spira retusa; anfractibus superne planulatis, inferné rotundatis, ubiqué cingulis parvis numerosis instructis ; cingulis tuberculis parvis asperatis ; umbilico valdé patulo; area angusta, levi. Inhab. Straits of Macassar; in eleven fathoms, coarse sand. MOLLUSCA. ol A single dead specimen only was obtained, destitute of colour and choked with sand. It is remarkable from its rounded base and its very expanded umbi- licus, which is proportionately larger than in any other species. In S. perspec- zivum the umbilicus is equal to a third of the diameter, but in the present species it is two-fifths. 208. Sozarium celatum, Hinds, |. c. p. 25, (Plate XIV. fig. 11, 12.) Testa parva, valde discoidea, nitida, fuscA; spira nulla; anfractibus prope suturam uniseriatim tuberculatis, medio eleganter radiatim plico-striatis; ad peripheriam carinis duabus obtusis tuberculatis ; ad basin rotundata ; apertura subrotunda; umbilico valde patulo, crenis parvis numerosis armato. Inhab. Straits of Macassar; in ten fathoms, among coarse sand. 209. Soiarrum dealbatum, Hinds, |. c. p. 24, (Plate XIV. fig. 13, 14.) Testa conico-trochi- formi, alba ; anfractibus planulatis, quadriseriatim granulato-costatis ; cingulo ultimo paulo majore, prominulo; umbilico coarctato, crenis parvis instructo; arec& umbilicali multicostata; apertura rotundaia. Inhab. Manila. This species may be readily distinguished from S. variegatum by its uniform colour and by the several ribs which cross the umbilical space, all of which are of equal size; from S. cylindraceum by its decided conical shape, and the characters detailed above observable in the inferior girdle. It is unquestionable that a sound division of the genus may be effected, by taking S. variegatum as the type of a new group; and this opinion rests on the conformation of the foot of the animal, decidedly sessile eyes, and very peculiar operculum of this species. But in trying to effect this I have met with the follow- ing genera, all of which have been advanced for sections of the genus as left by Lamarck :—Omalaxis, Deshayes ; Bifrontia, Deshayes ; Helicites, Schlotheim ; Cirrus, Sowerby ; Euomphalus, Sowerby ; Schizostoma, Bronn; Solariella, Searles Wood; Vorinia, Gray; and not having before me the materials for deciding their respective merits, and being averse to treating the difficulty as a gordian knot by the erection of another genus, I am compelled to leave the subject as I found it. 210. Souarium fragile, Hinds, |. c. p. 24, (Plate XIV. fig. 15, 16.) Testa orbiculato-dis- coidea; anfractibus quadriseriatim tuberculato-cingulatis ; cingulo supremo et ultimo fusco pictis, medianis margaritaceis ; ad peripheriam angulata, crenulata ; basi tumido; umbilico patulo, crenis parvis albis acutis cincto; area umbilicali levi; apertura triangulari. Inhab. North coast of New Guinea. In seven fathoms, sand. 211. Sotartum fulvum, Hinds, 1. c. p. 24, (Plate XIV. fig. 17, 18.) Testa orbiculato-dis- coidea, solidula, fulva; spira retusa; anfractibus multiseriatim granuloso-cingulatis, medianis mino- ribus; ad peripheriam obtusa, carinis duabus, tertid minore intermedia; basi rotundata, seriatim 52 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE SULPHUR. sranulata ; umbilico mediocri, crenis concoloribus cincto; area umbilicali leviter unicostata ; aper- tura subquadrata. Inhab. New Guinea. 212. Sotarium virgatum, Hinds, |. c. p. 24, (Plate XIV. fig. 19, 20.) Testa orbiculato-dis- coidea ; spira retusa; anfractibus quadriseriatim granulatis, cingulo supremo et ultimo rufis, medianis albis ; ad peripheriam obtusis, duabus carinis crenulatis ; basi rotundata, seriatim granulata ; umbi- lico mediocri, crenis albis cincto, extus cingulo rufo tuberculato; apertura angulata. Inhab. New Guinea. 213. Sonarium fenestratum, Hinds, |. c. p. 25, (Plate XIV. fig. 21, 22.) Testa orbiculato- discoidea ; spira retusa; anfractibus multiseriatim granulatis, longitrorsum striatis ; sutura canalicu- lata; ad peripheriam rotundata, carinis tribus subequalibus; basi rotundata, seriatim granulata; umbilico subpatulo, crenis parvis numerosis cincto ; area umbilicali carinis duabus parvis ; apertura rotundata. Inhab. New Guinea. As the only specimen obtained was without the animal and deprived of colour, and had evidently been some time lying in the mud, the cancellation is perhaps considerably more distinct than in the recent state. It is one of those which approach very closely to the unarmed species of Delphinula. Detreuinuta. Lamarck. 214. DetpHinuxa Reeviana, (Plate XVI. fig. 17.) Testé subdiscoided, cancellata, mutica ; spira retusa ; anfractibus rotundatis, lineis transversis carinatis, longitudinalibus sinuosis decussatis ornatis ; interstitiis longitudinaliter quadratis ; apertura transversim subovali. Inhab. Straits of Malacca. The specific name is a compliment to Mr. Lovell Reeve, the industrious author of the Conchologia Iconica. Roretia. Lamarck. 215. RorE.ua sagittata, (Plate XVI. fig. 18, 19.) Testa orbiculari, depresso-conoidea, polita, virente, nigro fasciaté, maculis albis angulatis articulata ; ad basin sordida. Inhab. Straits of Macassar. In the sands of the beach in the vicinity of the town of Macassar, and in considerable numbers. Like other species of Rotella, this is disposed to vary in its markings; in some there is no appearance of fasciation, but it, however, exists in the great majority. MOLLUSCA. 53 FamiIty—PATeE.LLACcEz. PatTetua. Linneus. 216. Parexta insessa, Hinds, Ann. Nat. Hist., vol. x. p.82. Testa conic, ovali, fusca, tenuiter transversim striata, inttis alba ; apice maculis albis ornato, Inhab. San Diego, California. On the sea-weed. A small horny brown shell, remarkable for the white markings on the apex, usually three, sometimes four in number, the central being rather the larger. It was always found imbedded in the fronds of a Laminaria, which it was often necessary to cut with a knife before the shell could be liberated. PaTELLoIpA. Quoy et Gaimard. 217. PareLtorpa depicta, Hinds, Ann. Nat. Hist. v. x. p. 82. Testa minima, lineari, diaphana, albA, lineis rufis apice radiantibus; lateribus compressis ; longa quadrupld quoad longitudinem, Inhab. San Diego, California. Found in considerable numbers on the surface of a Zostera. Small, delicate, and fragile, of a whitish colour, with irregular brown rays diverging from the apex, about eight in number on each side, and sometimes dis- posed to fork ; anteriorly, clouded with a dark spot ; and compressed at the sides, making the length four times greater than the breadth. Famity—CaLyPTRACEE. CrepipuLa. Lamarck. 218. CREPIDULA solida, (Plate XVI. fig. 7, 8.) Testa ovali, elevata; apice mediano, postico: extis epidermide fusca levi, intis rufa; septo albo solidulo margine recto. Inhab. Bodegas, California. In six to ten fathoms, attached to dead and living shells and to each other. The mouth is nearly circular, apex elevated, and the exterior covered with a smooth brown epidermis. Within of a reddish brown, the internal plate small, solid, and with a straight margin, upper surface and neighbouring parts white, beneath, and sometimes with the margin, partaking of the colour of the shell. P o4 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE SULPHUR. Faminy— CHITONACEE. Cuiton. Linneus. 219. Cuiron magdalenensis, (Plate XIX. fig. 1.) Testa elongaté ovali, subelevata, medid pallida seu subcarnosé ; valvarum area laterali aleformi radiatim corrugato-suleata, transversim grossé lineata, median et anticd longitudinaliter corrugato-sulcatis ; ligamento scabriusculo. Inhab. Bay of Magdalena, California. In considerable numbers on the rocks. In shape elongated, and, the middle valves being scarcely of greater breadth than the others, with the margins somewhat linear. The lateral spaces, and which with much propriety and convenience might be called ale or wings, are crossed by rude lines which appear to indicate periods of cessation of growth. The character of the colouring of the dorsal ridge is disposed to vary. In an individual of this species the phenomenon occurred of the existence of nine valves ; and though Chitons are not indisposed to diminish the number by one or more, it seems far less frequent that they should increase them, as this is the only instance within my experience. The number of species of Chiton on the West coast of America is very great, and they extend throughout its vast extent from Chili to a high northern latitude. Without doubt they occur farther in both directions, but I only speak of our own experience. They most usually abound in numbers, but are limited in their geographic range. Those of the coasts are nearly always distinct from those of deep water. So very prone are they to restrict themselves to narrow portions of the coast, that it would be exceedingly easy to convey a close idea of any parti- cular locality by pointing out the species inhabiting it. Some of the southern species are rather disposed to extend their range, but the great mass are exces- sively local. Famity—NeritTace&. Neritina. Lamarck. 220. Neririna (Nerita) Reclusiana, Le Guillon, Revue Zool. Nov. 1841. Nerita Keraudreni, Le Guillon, |. c. Nov. 1841. Neritina Armstrongiana, Hinds, Ann. Nat. Hist. vol. x. p. 82. MOLLUSCA. 59 Famity—HELicacez. Heurx. Linneus. 221. Hexrx adustus, (Plate XIX. fig. 11.) Testa umbilicaté, depressé, fusca; anfractibus quatuor, appressis ; spira subplanulato-depressa ; apertura subobliqué lunari; peritremate crassius- culo, reflexo. Inhab. New Ireland. Among the fallen and decaying leaves on the shores of Port Carteret. 222. Heuix squalus, (Plate XIX. fig. 12.) Testa umbilicata, globosa, tenui, cornea, undique minutissimé scabra; anfractibus quinque, ultimo magno, ventricoso ; apertura magna, lunari ; peri- tremate tenui, acuto, reflexo, columellam fere obtegente. Inhab. New Ireland. In society with the preceding. The surface is very minutely scabrous, apparently produced by the crossing at an angle of numerous very fine lines. This circumstance has suggested the specific name. 223. Hexrx pyzis, (Plate XIX. fig. 10.) Testa imperforata, elata, diaphana, solidula ; anfrac- tibus quatuor rotundatis, ultimo medid carinato; apertura compressé lunari; peritremate acuto, reflexo. Inhab. ——? Famitry—MEeELAntIaAcesk. Mepuanta. Lamarck. 224. Mztania fumosa, Hinds, Ann. Nat. Hist. v. xiv. p. 8, (Plate XV. fig. 11, 12.) Testa elongata, crassiuscula, levigata, olivaceo-fusca, unicolore, vel junioribus infra suturam strigis longi- tudinalibus rufis ornaté; anfractibus paulisper rotundatis, superné laté subconcavé coarctatis, lineis impressis sparsim et obsoleté cinctis; spird eros apud anfractum quartum ; apertura ceerulescente. Inhab. New Ireland. In the streams about Port Carteret. 225. Mewania aspirans, Hinds, |. c. p. 8, (Plate XV. fig. 9,10.) Testa elongaté subulata, levigata, fusca, unicolore; anfractibus numerosis, subplanulatis, lineis arcuatis incrementi feré minuté pliciformibus, ultimo ad basin striato; sutura lineis impressis comitata ; apertura cerule- scente ; columella albida. Inhab. Feejee Islands. In the rivers. 226. Mexanra Plutonis, Hinds, |. c. p. 8, (Plate XV. fig. 14.) Testa pyramidato-subulata, 56 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE SULPHUR. subturrita, laevigata, nitidd, aterrima, unicolore; anfractibus paulisper rotundatis, ultimo magno, rotundato ; apertura cerulescente. Inhab. Feejee Islands. In the rivers. Very pyramidal in its shape, and the last whorl displays a far greater propor- tion than is usual; otherwise its characters are perfectly passive. The apex is erose to the fifth or sixth whorl. 227. Merania figurata, Hinds, |. c. p. 8, (Plate XV. fig. 13.) Testa elongate subulata, levi- gata, polita, fulva: anfractibus numerosis subrotundatis, superné strigis rufis longitudinalibus, infra lineis interruptis transversis seriatim dispositis ornatis, infra suturam pliciferis, ultimo ad basin striato; apice eroso ; apertura czrulescente. Inhab. New Ireland. In the streams. The ornation of this species is eminently distinguishing ; otherwise it is a smooth, elongated, tawny shell, like many others. The middle and inferior por- tions of each whorl are adorned with transverse rufous interrupted lines, disposed in regular series round the shell, and present a pretty appearance on its pale yel- low semitransparent surface. 228. Merania picta, Hinds, I. c. p. 8, (Plate XV. fig. 3.) Testa elongate subulata, fusca; anfractibus numerosis, subplanulatis, plicatis, transversim sulcatis, strigis rufis longitudinalibus ornatis, infra suturam uniseriatim tuberculatis ; apertura czrulescente. Inhab. New Ireland. In the streams. This species closely resembles M. subulata of Sowerby’s “‘ Genera,” not of Lamarck ; the figure there given does not represent some of the characters dwelt on in the above description, and I am not aware that a diagnosis anywhere exists. 229. Mexania luctuosa, Hinds, |. c. p. 9, (Plate XV. fig. 1.) Testa subulata, turrita fusca ; anfractibus planulatis, feré subconcavis, transversim lineis impressis cinctis, strigis rufis longitudinalibus interruptis ornatis ; spira paulisper erosa; apertura cerulescente. Inhab. Feejee Islands. In the rivers. So contracted are the whorls here as in some cases to be not only flattened but even concave, particularly towards the last whorl. 230, Mrxanra perpinguis, Hinds, |. c. p.9, (Plate XV. fig. 2.) Testa elongata, fusca, strigis rufis longitudinalibus plerumque ornata; anfractibus rotundatis, subturritis, lineis transversis im- pressis exculptis ; spira subplicata, apud extremitatem erosa ; apertura cerulescente, ad peripheriam ustulata. Inhab. Feejee Islands. In the rivers. 231. Mzxtanta occata, Hinds, |. c. p. 9, (Plate XV. fic. 5.) Testa ovata, elongata, lutescente ; anfractibus paucis, rotundatis, exaratis, lyris intermediis angustis acutis ; spira apud anfractum quartum erosa ; apertura cerulescente. Inhab. River Sacramento, California. MOLLUSCA. 57 The rounded whorls are ploughed into numerous furrows, and the intervening ridges are comparatively narrow and keel-shaped ; the lower part of the aperture is somewhat dilated, and slightly disposed to elongate in the manner of Jo. 232. Metania mesta, Hinds, I. c. p. 9, (Plate XV. fig. 4.) Test& ovata, elongata, fuliginea, infra epidermidem albidA; anfractibus rotundatis, superné angulatis et excavatis, transversim lineis impressis striatis ; spird apud extremitatem erosa; apertura ustulata, ad basin subtruncata. Inhab. Feejee Islands. In the rivers. The slightly concave area of the whorl beneath the suture, which occurs in this species, is shared with a few others. In the present, it influences the shape of the aperture, straightens the outer lip, provides it with an angle above, and truncates it below. The margins of the aperture have the colour of burnt umber. 233. Mexanta verrucosa, Hinds, |. c. p. 9, (Plate XV. fig. 7, 8.) Testa subulata, subturrita, lutea ; anfractibus octonis planulatis, longitrorsum obtusé plicatis, lineis tribus transversis intersectis, harum intervallis obtusis, quadratis, tuberculosis ; apice vix eroso; apertura elongata, lutescente. Inhab. New Ireland. In the streams. 234. Mexantra fulgurans, Hinds, |. c. p. 9,(Plate XV. fig. 6.) Testa obeso-subulata, levigata, polita, lutescente, strigis rufis angulatis fulmen simulantibus conferté ; anfractibus decenis subro- tundatis ; spira leviter plicata, exserta, vix erosa; apertura ovali, cerulescente. Inhab. New Ireland. In the streams. Few species of Melania have the pretensions to beauty of this. The shell is subulate, with the inferior whorls obese, smooth, and polished ; the whorls about ten in number and slightly rounded ; those towards the apex indistinctly plicated ; spire exserted and scarcely eroded. The base colour is a pale yellow, densely crowded with transverse angular dark red markings. 235. Metania florata, Hinds, 1. c. p. 10, (Plate XV. fig. 22.) Testa ovato-elongata, polita, cornea, tessellata ; anfractibus paucis, subrotundatis, seriebus tribus macularum rufarum quadratarum eleganter ornatis; serie suprema precipué maxima, intermedia minima; anfractu ultimo ad basin punctato; spira erosa; apertura cornea. Inhab. New Ireland. In the streams. This also is a pretty species with a pale surface, each whorl being orna- mented by three series of transverse reddish spots, of which the superior is the largest and most deeply coloured ; the two others are punctuations of reddish spots, the inferior being intermediate in size. Very delicate striae, not easily recog~ nizable, traverse the shell transversely. 236. Mrtanta gaudiosa, Hinds, |. c. p. 10, (Plate XV. fig. 19.) Testa ovato-elongata, levigata, polita, cornea ; anfractibus octonis subplanulatis, unicoloribus ; spira obliqué plicata, ad extremitatem erosd; apertura ovali, cornea. Inhab. New Ireland. In the streams. Q 58 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE SULPHUR. Approaches somewhat closely, in general character, the American shell, M. plicifera. 237. Mruanta pyramidata, Hinds, |. c. p. 10, (Plate XV. fig. 20.) Testa elongate subulata, gracili, nitidA, cornea; anfractibus decem subplanulatis, transversim distanter striatis, superne infra suturam fusco angusté fasciato, ultimo ad basin puncticulato; spira versus extremitatem plicata, erosa; apertura ovali. Inhab. New Ireland. In the streams. 238. Meuanta latebrosa, Hinds, |. c. p. 10, (Plate XV. fig. 21.) Testa ovata, elongata, sordidé fusca; anfractibus perpaucis, rotundatis, lineis impressis transversis instructis, erosis usque ad penul- timum ; apertura parva, ovali, cerulescente. Inhab. New Ireland. In the streams. A small obese shell, with little to distinguish it beyond its few rounded whorls furrowed transversely with parallel impressed lines, and its comparatively small, neat, oval aperture. 239. Merxanta pugilis, Hinds, |. c. p. 10, (Plate XV. fig. 17, 18.) Testa spinosa, elongate ovata, fulvi; anfractibus circa novem, rotundatis, superné spiniferis, infra suturam serie unica macularum rufarum, inferné seriebus duabus minoribus cinctis, ultimo ad basin multiseriato, spinis distantibus, ad peripheriam quinque, truncatis, linea angulata alligatis; spira subtruncata ; apertura oblique ovali, subattenuata, albida. Inhab. New Ireland. In the streams. Shell ovate, pale yellow ; whorls ventricose, spiniferous, of an uniform colour in the middle, above adorned with a single series of red markings, longitudinal or nearly square, below with two series of smaller spots placed on bands slightly paler than the neighbouring shell; the last whorl exhibits at its base several series of these articulated bands; the spines are distant and truncated to near their base ; about five occupy the circumference of a whorl, and an angular line connects each with its neighbours; the spire has scarcely lost more than its extreme whorl by erosion, and the aperture is white, and in a slight degree attenuated at its base. 240. Merxanta bellicosa, Hinds, |. c. p. 11, (Plate XV. fig. 15, 16.) Test& spinosa, ovata, valde truncata, fusca ; anfractibus tribus rotundatis, transversim striatis, spiniferis, frequenter erosis; spinis aculeiformibus, subrectis, ad basin decurrentibus; spird apud anfractum antepenultimum truncata ; apertura elongaté ovali, subfusca. Inhab. Feejee Islands. In the rivers. Nearly allied to M. spinulosa, Lamarck, which is found in the rivers of Timor. MOLLUSCA. og Patupina. Lamarck. 241. Panupina seminalis, Hinds, Ann, Nat. Hist., vol. x. p. 83, (Plate XVI. fig. 22.) Test4 retusé turrita, solidula, cornea, levi; apice eroso; anfractibus quatuor ; apertura cerulescente, effusa. Inhab. Rio Sacramento, California. Distinguished from P. nuclea, Lea, which is from a neighbouring locality, by its somewhat smaller size, bluish instead of white mouth, having one whorl less, the aperture more expanded, and absence of the black line round the mouth, which when present is so good a character in his shell, but which, in my numerous specimens of it, I do not find at all constant, and usually only to be seen in those better developed. Anodon angulatus was also found abundant in this river, where it serves the natives as an article of food, and we saw the shells in numbers around their deserted fires. Elsewhere it seems hitherto to be very scarce. Famity—OPercuLaACcEs. Purina. Vignard. 242. Pupina aurea, Hinds, Ann. Nat. Hist., vol. x. p.83, (Plate XVI. fig. 20,21.) Testa ovali, nitidaé, aurea; suturis obsoletis; apertura infra incisd, supra emarginata, dentata ; fissura sursim ascendente. Inhab. New Guinea; in the moist soil of the forest. This and the following species belong to the section of Pupina with two notches in the margin of the aperture. The inferior is in all cases a notch of greater or less depth, but the upper is not correctly either notch, fissure, or inci- sion. Qn the last whorl, near the outer lip, is a tooth, which together form a channel or sinus, and here there is a slight degree of emargination on the lip itself, so that at first appearance there would seem to be much more of a notch than there really is. This is a fine golden-coloured species ; the notch is so deep as to become a fissure, and takes an upward and backward direction. 243. Pupina mitis, Hinds, Ann. Nat. Hist., vol. x. p. 83. Test ovali, parva, nitida, brunnea ; suturis obsoletis, linea rubra monstratis ; apertura infra incisd, supra emarginata, dentata ; fissura recta. Inhab. New Ireland; among the rotten wood of dead and procumbent trees. The appearance of the specimens is different. as they are living or dead shells. The latter are as transparent as glass, but the living are of a reddish brown, or sometimes of a greyish colour. Nor is the reddish line which follows the 60 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE SULPHUR. suture always very decided, even in the living shells. This is smaller than the foregoing, wants the fine golden colour, and has only a straight notch, for here it is no more. FamiIty—AvRICULACEE. Scarasus. Montfort. 244, Scarasus pollexz, Hinds, Ann. Nat. Hist., vol. x. p. 82, (Plate XVI. fig.9, 10.) Testa ovata, compressa, fusco-castanea, longitrorsum valde striata; striis subarcuatis ; anfractu ultimo confusé fasciato. Inhab. Feejee Islands. In size it approaches S. Lessonz, but is distinguished from it by its coarsely striated surface, and by its different markings. It is larger than S. castaneus, of a much darker colour, more striated, and further characterized by the two dark yellowish bands on the upper part of the last whorl. CONCHIFER Z. Famity—PEcTINACcE:. Precten. Da Costa. 245, PrcTEN sericeus, (Plate XVIL. fig. 1.) Testa orbiculari, plano-subconvexa, equiauricu- lata, velutina, valva sinistra planulata, prope umbonem subconcava, fusc4, costis viginti-quatuor, Jateribus ad angulum planulatis, cum interstitiis velutinis ; valva dextra subconvexa, pallida, costis consimilibus, interdum subgeminis ; auriculis equalibus, rectis, velutinis, plicis duabus obsoletis ; intus alba. Inhab. Bay of Panama. In fifty-three fathoms, on a muddy floor. A single specimen only was obtained. 246. PEcren floridus, (Plate XVII. fig. 6.) Testa orbiculari, plano-subconvexa, zequiauricu- lata; valva sinistra planulaté, propé medium subelevata, rufescente sparsim albo maculata, costis viginti-duo ad latera compressis, superné rotundatis cum interstitiis laminis minimis epidermidis transversim striatis; valva dextra subconvexa, pallescente, costis quadratis, medid sulco impressis ; auriculis equalibus, rectis, levibus, epidermide indutis ; intus alb&, versis auriculas et margines saturate fusca. Inhab. San Diego, California. In five fathoms, among mud. MOLLUSCA. 61 247, PECTEN passerinus. P. asper. Sow. Jun. Thes. Conch. p. 50. Inhab. New Guinea. In seven fathoms, on a muddy floor. A fossil of the Paris basin and of the green sand in England claims priority in Mr. Sowerby’s name. 248. Pectren rubidus, (Plate XVII, fig. 5.) Testa subtrigono-orbiculari, inequaliter duplo- convexa, inequiauriculata subtenui; valva sinistra convexa, costis parvis numerosissimis, serratis, in fasciculos duarum triumve alternate ageregatis, rufis, interstitiis pallescentibus; valva dextra sub- convex, albida, costis majusculis, aggregatis ; auriculis sulcatis, postica parva, obliqua; intus alba. Inhab. Alashka, North-west America. At a depth of thirty-three fathoms. This species has both close geographic and structural relations with P. ice- landicus. Four specimens were obtained at the same depth, and they agree in the different state of convexity of the valves, their tumidness, the somewhat elegant and methodical clustering of the small ribs, and the very small and oblique posterior auricle. The colour, though at first apparently of an uniform rose, is deeper on the ribs than in the interspaces, with concentric bands of the same. None of the specimens approach in size P. icelandicus. 249. Precren digitatus, (Plate XVII, fig. 2.) Testa subtrigona, planiuscula, solida, equi- auriculata, pallida, sanguineo transversim nubeculata ; valvis consimilibus, costis novem rotundatis sulcatis ; auriculis sulcatis; umbonibus subplanulatis, levigatis; marginibus minuté denticulatis ; intus alba. Inhab. Bay of Guayaquil. In twenty-three fathoms, mud. 250. Prcren fasciculatus, (Plate XVII, fig. 4.) Testa laté subtrigona, planiuscula, tenui, ineequiauriculata, rufo-violascente albo maculat&; valvis consimilibus, costis parvis numerosis, eleganter serratis, in fascibus quinque plerumque aggregatis, alteris interstitiis suppletis ; auriculis inequalibus, rectis, arguteé serratis, dentatis ; mtts violascente. Inhab. West coast of Veragua. In seventeen fathoms, among sandy mud. A beautiful and delicate shell, traversed by numerous small finely serrated ribs, a large portion of which are gathered into five bundles, the others being less ageregated and occupying the interspaces. The auricles differ in size, and are strongly grooved, with intervening sharp ridges. Within, the valves are coarsely ribbed, and of a rich peach colour. 251. PEcTEN coruscans, (Plate XVilI, fig. 3.) Testa suborbiculari, planiuscula, tenui, inequi- auriculata, pallidé violascente, prope umbones strigis parvis lacteis obliquis induta; valvis convexius- culis, consimilibus, dextra pallidiore, costis quatuordecem serratis, arguté sulcatis, interstitiis sulcatis ; auriculis ineequalibus, serrato-sulcatis, postica minima, obliqua ; intus pallescente. Inhab. Port Anna Maria, Nukuhiva, Marquesas Islands. In seven fathoms, on a sandy floor. 62 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE SULPHUR. Some small milk-white strigz traverse the valves near the umbos in an oblique direction, and are very characteristic. The ribs are very minutely and sharply sculptured, and they retain the same structure on both valves. Each rib is divided by the sulci into about five smaller, the odd one being situated on the summit and giving it a sharp-keeled edge. FamiIty—ARCAceEm. Nucuta. Lamarck. 252. Nucuta Cumingii, Hinds, Proceed. Zool. Soc. 1843, p. 97, (Plate XVIII. fig. 1.) Testa elliptica, tenui, epidermide virente induta, anticé abbreviata, subrostrata, posticé elongata, rotun- data; margine ventrali acuto, anticé subemarginato, dorsali postico, prominulo; cardine anticé den- tibus 6, posticé 19-20. Inhab. The Asiatic analogue of N. obliqua, and is widely diffused over the seas of the Indian Archipelago. It has been obtained at New Guinea, Straits of Macassar; Bolinao, San Nicholas, Sual and Bassey in the Philippines; Singa- pore; and Straits of Malacca; in a depth of water varying from seven to twenty- three fathoms, on a floor of mud and sandy mud. It is distinguished from N. obliqua by the disposition to rostration of the anterior limb, prominent dorsal margin, slight indentation at the anterior part of the ventral margin, and larger size. 253. Nucuta mitralis, Hinds, |. c. p. 97, (Plate XVIII. fig. 2.) Testa conoidali, solidula, epidermide fuscé induta, anticé brevissimé abbreviataé, recta ; margine dorsali postico inclinato, marginibus ventralibus crenulatis ; cardine anticé dentibus 10, posticé 28-30. Inhab. Straits of Malacca. From seventeen fathoms, mud. The very contracted and straight anterior margin of this shell gives it the shape of a mitre, or other similar elevated head-dress. 254. Nucuta pulchra, Hinds, |. c. p. 97, (Plate XVIII. fig. 3.) Testa elliptica, solida, sul- cata, interstitiis transversim striatis; marginibus ventralibus crenulatis ; cardine anticé dentibus 9, posticé 27-29. Inhab. L’Agulhas Bank, Cape of Good Hope. From seventy fathoms. This species very closely resembles N. Duchastelii, Nyst, a fossil from the province of Antwerp, but is rendered distinct by its continuous, not interrupted concentric lamella, and by its striated instead of smooth lunule. Among the numerous species of Nucula, these two are conspicuous for their strongly marked and distinguishing characters. 255. Nucuta divaricata, Hinds, 1. c. p. 97, (Plate XVIII. fig. 4.) Testa elliptica, antice MOLLUSCA. 63 excavati, subacuminata, posticée rotundata, lineis divaricatis striata; marginibus ventralibus cre- nulatis; cardine anticé dentibus 7, posticé 22-24. Inhab. China Sea. From eighty-four fathoms. A single valve only was brought up from this great depth, and presents a character in its sculpture which has not hitherto been met with in any recent species, but which is also found in the following. This peculiarity consists of the presence of lines diverging from an angle near the middle of each valve. It how- ever occurs in an English fossil, N. Cobboldie. 256. Nucuta castrensis, Hinds, 1. c. p. 98, (Plate XVIII. fig. 5.) Testa elliptica, anticé rotun- data, epidermide olivaced indut&; lineis divaricatis; marginibus ventralibus crenulatis; cardine anticé dentibus 5, posticé 11. Inhab. Sitka, North-west America. A single specimen was dredged in the harbour, from seven fathoms, sand. 257. Nucuua tumida, Hinds, 1. c. p.98,(Plate XVIII. fig. 6.) Testa ellipticd, tumida, striata; marginibus ventralibus integerrimis: cardine anticé dentibus 6, posticé 15; intus leviter striata. Inhab. Straits of Malacca. From seventeen fathoms, among mud. 258. Nucuta marmorea, Hinds, 1.c. p. 98, (Plate XVIII. fig. 7.) Testa elliptica, solidula, albida, sulcata ; liris ad angulum planulatis; latere antico brevi, subacuminato; marginibus ven- tralibus minuté crenulatis. Inhab. Straits of Malacca. From seventeen fathoms, in society with N. tumida. 259. Nucuta declivis, Hinds, |. c. p.98, (Plate XVIII. fig. 8.) Testa parva, obliqué elliptica, solidula, epidermide tenui, fusca induta; latere antico brevi; margine dorsali longé inclinato, ven- tralibus crenulatis. Inhab. A still more oblique shell than NV. pisum, to which it is closely allied. q 260. Nucuta Belcheri, Hinds, 1. c. p. 98, (Plate XVIII. fig. 11.) Testa polita, oblonga, sul- cata, anticé elongata, truncata, angulata; ab umbone biangulata, tertio intermedio minor; dentibus numerosis, serierum ambarum numero subequali; margine ventrali subrecto. Inhab. L’Agulhas Bank, Cape of Good Hope. Dredged from a depth of forty to fifty-four fathoms. 261. Nucuua retusa, Hinds, 1. c. p. 99, (Plate XVIII. fig. 9.) Testa parva, nitida, levigata, subequilaterali, anticé retusa, subacuminata; umbonibus elevatis. Inhab. St. Nicholas, Philippine Islands ; Straits of Macassar. N. retusa is distinguished from NV. nicobarica, to which it bears some affinity, by being nearly equilateral, smooth, polished, and with the anterior portion slightly disposed to terminate in a point. 64 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE SULPHUR. 262. Nucuta lata, Hinds, |. c. p.99, (Plate XVIII. fig. 10.) Testa oblonga, polita, planulata, lineis impressis excavata ; antice elongata, laté rostrata, postice rotundata ; margine dorsali artico prominulo ; umbonibus parvis. Inhab. New Guinea. In from five to twenty-three fathoms, among mud. 263. Nucuta celata, Hinds, |. c. p. 99, (Plate XVIII. fig. 13.) Testa luteo-virente, oblonga, arguté suleata; anticé arcuate rostrata, sulcis paululim obliteratis ; umbonibus prominulis. Inhab. California, between 38° 18' and 34° 24’ north latitude; namely, at Russian Bodegas, San Francisco, and Santa Barbara. In from six to ten fathoms. More ventricose and acutely beaked than N. pella, and presenting a partial obliteration of the sulci near the anterior dorsal margin. 264. Nucuta ventricosa, Hinds, I. c. p. 100, (Plate XVIII. fig. 16.) Testa oblonga, pallide lutea, ventricosa, suleata; anticé subrecté rostrata; umbonibus magnis, prominentibus; margine ventrali anticé coarctato. Inhab. Straits of Malacca. From seventeen fathoms, mud. The character of the sulcation is very different to that of the preceding species and of NV. pella. Here it presents the most usual features of regular fur- rows with intervening ridges ; but in the other two species the ridges are inclined planes, having an inclination towards the ventral margin. In this direction they consequently present a number of step-like elevations, but not in the contrary. 265. Nucuua recta, Hinds, |. c. p. 100, (Plate XVIII. fig. 15.) Testa oblonga, tumida, inclinaté sulcat&, recté et attenuate rostrata, postice rotundata. Inhab. New Guinea. In seven fathoms. 266. Nucuta excavata, Hinds, |. c. p. 100, (Plate XVIII. fig. 17.) Testa globosa, sulcata, gibbosé rostrata, anticé carinata; lunula excavata, ovali, striata. Inhab. Panama. Dredged among mud in thirty fathoms. 267. Nucuta lyrata, Hinds, |. c. p. 100, (Plate XVIII. fig. 12.) Testa oblonga, nitida, angu- laté sulcata, acute subrecté rostratA, posticé elongat&, rotundata; margine ventrali acuto integro. Inhab. Panama. From thirty fathoms. 268. Nucuxa puellata, Hinds, 1. c. p. 100, (Plate XVIII. fig. 18.) Testa oblonga, nitida, leviter striata, anticé breviter arcuaté rostrat4, postice rotundata ; prope umbones turgida. Inhab. Malacca. From ten to seventeen fathoms, coarse sand. 269. Nucuta crispa, Hinds, 1. c. p. 100, (Plate XVIII. fig. 14.) Testa oblonga, turgida, sul- cat, arcuaté rostrata, antice ab umbonibus exarat&, postice obtusé carinata ; lunula ovali. Inhab. Gulf of Nicoya. From thirty-six fathoms. MOLLUSCA. 65 FAamMILyY—CARDIACEE. Carvita. Bruguieres. 270. Carpira abyssicola, (Plate XIX. fig. 3.) Testa crass4, retusa, convexa, gibbosa, alba, costis numerosis radiantibus; costis rotundatis, minute lamellosis; lunula laté cordata; intus lactea. Inhab. Straits of Malacca. From a depth of upwards of a hundred fathoms, among mud. Famity—VENERACER. Venus. Linneus. 271. Venus Kellettii, (Plate XIX. fig. 5.) TestA oblique cordata, solida, levigata, castanea, transversim sulcata, seu potits lineis impressis exarata, intervallis latitudine variabilibus, ad extreme- tates laminis munita; lunula elongate cordata. Inhab. Island of Quibo, West coast of Veragua. In adhesive mud of a low temperature, in between thirty and thirty-four fathoms. The specific name is a compliment to Captain Henry Kellett, R.N., C.B., who, during the expedition, commanded H.M.S. Starling, and is conspicuous for his attachment to science. CytHerea. Lamarck. Subgenus TriconeLLa. Conrad. 272. CytHEREA erassatelloides, Conrad, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sciences, Philad. vol. vil. p. 253, (Plate XXI. fig. 1.) Inhab. San Diego, California. On a mud bank in the harbour. It is unquestionably a satisfaction to be enabled to bring a fine shell like the present into more general repute, and to introduce it to English collections. This is one of a group of new shells brought from California by Mr. Nuttall, and described in 1837 by Conrad. Very recently a number of shells from the same coast have been described by M. Deshayes in the ‘“‘ Revue Zoologique,” and _ apparently in ignorance of the labours of the former; hence some species have been redescribed. The subgeneric designation of Conrad has been in previous use as early as 1778 by Da Costa in his British Conchology ; and some kindred words have been scarcely less happy, as Trigona of Schumacher has been employed in Entomology, and Trigonia of Bruguiéres likewise in Botany; but S 66 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE SULPHUR. here the seniority is in favour of Conchology. As I am not aware that Conrad has characterized his subgenus, or more than indicated it, anywhere, we are unable to speak confidently as to its value or importance. The specimen chosen for illustration is handsomely banded; but the greater number of individuals are of an uniform fawn colour. Famity—CycLapDAcem. Cyrena. Lamarck. 273. Cyrena obesa, Hinds, Ann. Nat. Hist. vol. x. p. 81, (Plate XXI. fig. 6.) Testa ovata, turgida, flavo-virente, transversim striata; natibus subintegris; dentibus lateralibus serrulatis ; latere antico convexo; intus pallidé violacea. Inhab. In the rivers, Feejee Islands. The umbones of this shell are so perfect as to be nearly entire, and only sufficiently erose to bear out one of the features which forms a portion of the character of the genus. Towards the slope, the epidermis is thrown into several small angular waves, and is everywhere of a fine yellowish green colour. 274. CyrEna tenebrosa, Hinds, |. c. p. 81, (Plate XXI. fig. 7.) Testa ovata, fusco-virente, transversim striata ; natibus valdé erosis; dentibus lateralibus serrulatis; latere antico rectiusculo ; intus violacea. Inhab. In the rivers, Feejee Islands. Both these species are from the same locality, and are not unlike. This is flatter, of a darker colour, with some disposition to send an angle from the umbones, which again are very erose. Within, on the broad extremity of the valves, and towards the hinge, it is of a deep violet colour. Famity—NyMPpHAcE2. Lucina. Bruguieéres. 275. Lucrna fenestrata, (Plate XIX. fig. 2.) Testa orbiculari, complanata (junioribus eleva- tioribus), albida, lineis longitudinalibus transversis decussatis cancellaté et asperata, posticé emar- ginata; lunula lineari; margine subcrenata. Inhab. Monte Christi; San Blas. In seven to fourteen fathoms. Psammosia. Lamarck. 276. Psammosia decora, Hinds, Ann. Nat. Hist. vol. x. p. 81, (Plate XIX. fig. 6,7.) Testa MOLLUSCA. 67 oblonga, tenui, cinnamomeo-brunnea; striis concentricis; valva dextra planiuscula, sinistra subven- tricos4; pallidé violaceo radiata; intus violacea. Inhab. San Diego, California. This shell is covered with a fine cinnamon-brown epidermis, through which four pale violet rays are visible. One of these traverses nearly the centre of the valve, and the other three are clustered towards the slope on its posterior margin. The right valve is nearly plane, but the other is somewhat ventricose. Tevuina. Linneus. 277. Tevuina fucata, (Plate XXI. fig. 4.) Testa valde transversa, oblonga, sublineari, levigata, nitida; latere antico rotundato, postico majusculo, elongato, rotundato, ab umbonibus subprominulo ; margine yentrali subrecto, acuto; epidermide olivacea induta ; ligamento externo. Inhab. Bay of Magdalena, California. 278. Trxuina bodegensis, (Plate XXI. fig. 2.) Test& transversd, oblonga, alba, nitida, concentricé striata; latere antico majusculo, elongato, rotundato, postico nasuto, ad extremitatem truncato, ab umbonibus subprominulo; liris acutis, versis umbones respectantibus ; ligamento subinterno. Inhab. Russian Bodegas. From seven fathoms, on a sandy floor. 279. Tevtina rhodora, (Plate XXI. fig. 3.) Test& transversd, oblonga, valde ineequilaterali, levigata, polita, versus marginem roseA ; latere antico majusculo, elongato, rotundato, postico retuso, obtusé nasuto, ab umbonibus abrupté rotundato; margine ventrali subrecto, posticé paulisper emarginato ; ligamento externo ; ints rosea. Inhab. Straits of Macassar. The two latter species are regarded as undescribed on the authority of Mr. Sylvanus Hanley, whose researches in this genus have been extensive, and promise to flood us with a multitude of new species. FamMity—CorsuLace&. Corsuta. Bruguieres. 280. Corsuta crassa, Hinds, Proceed. Zool. Soc. 1843, p. 55, (Plate XX. fig. 1, 2,3.) Testa solida, incrassata, elevata, albida, ineequilaterali, latere antico paululim superante, longitudinaliter sulcata, anticé rotundata, posticé ad extremitatem truncata, ab umbone ad marginem posticam biangulata; valvarum margine ventrali inclaus&, gibbosissima, sinistre posticé denticulata ; umbo- nibus obliquis, posticis ; ints fusca. Inhab. Straits of Macassar; Straits of Malacca; in from seven to thirty fathoms, on a floor of coarse sand or gravel. 68 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE SULPHUR. Remarkable for the preponderance of the bulk of the anterior half over the posterior, a circumstance which also occurs in C. bicarinata. This, however, depends in some measure on the age, and is thus most conspicuous in those speci- mens which may be considered as beyond adult age. 281. Corsuta tunicata, Hinds, l.c. p. 55, (Plate XX. fig. 4,5.) Testa ovato-trigona, obliqua, anticé rotundat4, posticé nasut&, excavata, ab umbonibus angulata; valvis inzqualibus, dextra precipué maxima, valdé sulcata, epidermide tenui cornea induta, sinistra prope umbonem sulcata, aliter epidermide densa induta; umbonibus obliquis posticis ; intus fusca. Inhab. Straits of Macassar; L’Agulhas Bank, Cape of Good Hope; from seventy fathoms, on a gravelly bottom. 282. CorsuLa cuneata, Hinds, |. c. p. 55, (Plate XX. fig. 6.) Testa ovato-trigona, zquila- terali, solida, complanata, sulcata, anticé rotundata, posticé angulata; valvis subequalibus, mar- ginibus ventralibus gibbosis inclausis ; umbonibus rectis ; ints purpurascente. Inhab. L’Agulhas Bank, Cape of Good Hope; from seventy fathoms. 283. Corsuta fragilis, Hinds, l.c. p. 56, (Plate XX. fig. 11.) Testa ovata, tenui, albida, striata, striis transversis minutissimé reticulata, anticé subproducta, rotundata, postice elongata, ab umbonibus subrotundata ; valve dextree margine ventrali acuta, producté; umbonibus rectis levi- gatis, equalibus. Inhab. West coast of Veragua; from eighteen fathoms, mud. 284. Corsuua albuginosa, Hinds, |. c. p. 56, (Plate XX. fig. 10.) Test& retuso-ovata, tenui, antice rotundata, postice subelongata, rotundata ; valvis valde disparibus, dextra longitrorsum striata, pallida, margine ventrali producta, acuta, sinistra levigata, lineis elevatis radiantibus, epi- dermide fusca induta; umbonibus albidis, nitidis, inequalibus. Inhab. New Guinea; Straits of Macassar; from seven to twenty-two fathoms, mud and coarse sand. 285. Corsuta obesa, Hinds, |. c. p. 57, (Plate XX. fig. 12.) Testa ovata, tenui, ventricosa, pallida, striata, antic rotundata, posticé ad extremitatem truncata, ab umbonibus acuté angulata ; valvarum marginibus ventralibus inclausis, gibbosis; umbonibus rectis, levigatis. Inhab. The west coast of America, between 8° 57’ and 21° 32’ north latitude, in from twenty-two to thirty-three fathoms, mud; namely, Panama, coast of Veragua, and San Blas. 286. Corsuxa speciosa, Hinds, 1. c. p. 57, (Plate XX. fig. 7, 8.) Testa ovato-trigona, anticé rotundata, posticé excavate angulata, albida, sanguineo dense multiradiata ; valvis valdé ineequalibus, marginibus ventralibus inclausis, dextra rotundata, sulcata, sinistra subplanulata, striata; umbonibus rectis, subplanulatis; intus albida. C. radiata, Sowerby, Proc. Zool. Soc. p. 36. 1833. Inhab. Panama; from six fathoms, mud. Gulf of Nicoya, Central America. This shell has been described as C. radiata, Sow., a name previously assigned by M. Deshayes to a fossil species. The description also was drawn up MOLLUSCA. 69 from such an indifferent shell, that it was almost by accident I discovered it was to apply to my specimens. I have therefore been under the necessity of record- ing a new description. 287. Corsuta modesta, Hinds, |. c. p. 57, (Plate XX. fig. 9.) Testa ovato-trigona, com- planata, pallida, radiata, profunde sulcata, anticé rotundata, postice ad extremitatem truncata, ab umbonibus angulaté ; valvarum marginibus ventralibus inclausis; umbonibus parvis, subequalibus, rosels ; inttis rosea. Inhab. Straits of Macassar; from seven fathoms, coarse sand. 288. Corsuta solidula, Hinds, 1. c. p.58. Testa parva, ovata, subtrigona, solidulé, eleva- tiuscula, equilaterali, sulcata, antice rotundata, posticé angulata; valvarum marginibus ventralibus inclausis, gibbosis ; umbonibus rectis levigatis. Inhab. Straits of Macassar; from seven fathoms, coarse sand. 289. CorBuLa marmorata, Hinds, |. c. p. 58, (Plate XX. fig. 13.) Testa parva, oblonga, soli- dula, levigata, marmorata, antice rotundata, posticé subangulata ; valvarum marginibus ventralibus inclausis ; umbonibus obliquis, anticis; ante umbones sanguineo maculata. Inhab. West coast of Veragua; from twenty-six fathoms, mud. 290. Corsua eburnea, Hinds, |. c. p. 58, (Plate XX. fig. 14.) Testa parva, ovata, subtrigona, eburnea, solidula, complanata, levigata, obsolete sulcata; margine ventrali gibbosa; umbonibus parvis, subrectis, nitidis; ints cornea. Inhab. North coast of New Guinea. From seven to sixty fathoms, coarse sand and mud. This shell closely approaches C. solidula, but is distinguished by its somewhat more triangular shape, polished, ivory-like, flattened valves, and the slightly sul- cate sculpture. 291. Corsutua levis, Hinds, |. c. p. 59, (Plate XX. fig. 15.) Testa ovali, equilaterali, pallida, tenui, levigataé, complanaté; valve dextre margine ventrali acuta, producta; umbonibus rectis, suberosis. Inhab. Hong-Kong, China. Both valves are flattened towards their ventral margins in a very charac- teristic manner. Negra. Gray. Neera, Gray, 1834; Cuspidaria, Nardo, 1839. 292. Nzwra elegans, Hinds, Proceed. Zool. Soc. 1843, p. 76, (Plate XX. fig. 18.) Testa T 70 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE SULPHUR. oblonga, tenui, lineis salientibus transversis ornataé; rostro angulato, corrugato; valvarum margine ventrali acuta, simplici. Inhab. New Guinea, China Sea, and Singapore. On a muddy floor, in from seven to eighteen fathoms. 293. Ne«ra Gouldiana, Hinds, |.c. p. 77, (Plate XX. fig. 17.) Testa oblonga, fragili, hyalina, ventricosa; costis duodecim radiantibus; valvis valdé inequalibus; rostro lineis tribus obliquis elevatis. Inhab. New Guinea; Bay of Manila, Philippines. In from seven to thirty fathoms, sandy mud. The specific name is in honour of Dr. Gould, the author of the able and luminous Report on the Mollusca of Massachusetts. 294. Nemra casta, Hinds, |. c. p. 77, (Plate XX. fig. 16.) Testa oblonga, fragili, hyalina, ventricosa ; costis numerosis radiantibus, minoribus alternantibus ; transversim subtilissimé striata ; rostro breviusculo, parvo, lineis obliquis elevatis instructo. Inhab. New Guinea; dredged from a muddy floor in seven fathoms. 295. Nemra didyma, Hinds, |. c. p. 78, (Plate XX. fig. 19.) Testa oblonga, levigata, alba ; costis duabus radiantibus ; margine dorsali antica prominula ; rostro lato, subtruncato. Inhab. The west coast of Veragua, in twenty-six fathoms, mud; in society with JN. costata. On the anterior and ventral margin there is a disposition to the formation of a number of small ribs; the shell is otherwise smooth and left to the occupation of the two prominent ribs, which eminently distinguish it. 296. Numra rosea, Hinds, |. c. p. 78, (Plate XX. fig. 20.) Testa oblonga, albida, epidermide tenui striata induta; valvis inequalibus, dextra majori; rostro attenuato, roseo. Inhab. New Guinea, in seven fathoms, mud. Not unlike diminutive specimens of N. cuspidata; the anterior portion of the shell, however, does not occupy more than a third of its entire length; the beak is more attenuated and of a rose-colour; and I cannot perceive any vestige of the angular line which extends posteriorly from the umbo. Famity—MactTrRace&. Pytuina. Hinds. Testa transversa, subzequilateralis, equivalvis. Valva altera dente unico mediano parvo, duabus lateralibus, altera dentibus duabus lateralibus. Ligamentum internum. Impressiones musculares duz, rotundate. Impressio pallii rectiuscula, sinu nullo. MOLLUSCA. aut 297. Pyruina Deshayesiana, (Plate XIX. fig. 8,9.) Testa transversa, subtrigona, polita, alba, sulcis tribus medio divaricatis ornata, interstitiis rotundatis ; margine rectiuscula. Inhab. New Ireland. The present interesting and remarkable shell seems to have been brought to England many years back, as Mr. G. B. Sowerby, drawing on his unrivalled fund of information in Conchology, informs me that it was known in the collection of Mr. Humphreys. It has recently, together with another undescribed species, been collected in the Philippine Islands by Mr.Cuming. The same generic form is also known in a fossil state, as a shell is represented by Deshayes, Coq. Foss. des env. de Paris, v. i. t. xl. f. 4, 5, 6, under the name of Modiola arcuata, Lamarck, which unquestionably belongs here. Like the undescribed species in Mr. Cuming’s collection, this fossil shell is remarkably constricted towards the middle of its interior margin, causing the lateral portions to appear as two lobes. Mr. Sowerby also informs me that he has seen another and somewhat orbicular species, which should be referred to this group. Famity—LInGuLACEz. Linevta. Bruguieres. 298. Lineuxa albida, (Plate XIX. fig. 4.) Testa oblonga, levi, complanata, anticé truncata, ubiqueé albida ; pediculo brevi, cylindraceo. Inhab. Bay of Magdalena, California. In seven fathoms, among sandy mud. This species is distinguished by its uniform dead white colour and very short pedicle, which does not exceed half the length of the shelly portion. CIRRIPEDA. Famity — ANATIFACER. Trivasmis.* Hinds. Testa pedunculata, trivalvis. Valvee due laterales subobliqué ovales, complanate, levigate, albe; tertia dorsalis linearis, carinata. Pedunculus brevis, levis. * Trizasmis ; the Greek numeral for three, and \acpa, a plate. 72 ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE SULPHUR. 299. Trinasmis eburnea, (Plate X XI. fig. 5.) Species unica. Inhab. New Guinea. The specimens procured are all attached to the dead or separated spines of an echinus. When the number of valves has been deemed of such importance in the formation of the generic groups of this family, no apology seems necessary when introducing another where so few as three complete the shelly covering In pre- vious instances, they have very rarely been observed under five, and from the fre- quency of this number it would appear typical. In the form before us, two flattish, white, oval valves, supported on a peduncle several times shorter than their length, completely cover the animal; whilst a third, narrow and linear, is situated between their dorsal margins. These offer no other prominent feature, and are otherwise rather conspicuous for their simplicity and uniformity. EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES. Prate I. Conus patricius C. californicus C. marchionatus C. voluminalis Fusus clausicaudatus Cyrtulus serotinus Trophon gyratus T. muricatus T. fimbriatus Pruate II. Murex Belcheri Ranella californica Puate III. Typhis arcuatus T. quadratus T. nitens Murex centrifuga . M. californicus M. hamatus M. festivus M. foveolatus M. cirrosus M. gravidus . M. radicatus M - peritus Puate IV. Triton vestitus T. convolutus F : T. bracteatus T. antiquatus T. truncatus 9, 10 5 NI, 5 BL. Tg) . 15, 16 > i, 18 > 19, 20 . 21, 22 5 DB, Me Triton fictilis 2 T. anomalus T. lignarius . Ranella pectinata . Puate V. Pleurotoma nobilis . Jubata - gemmata . . stolida . gravis . inermis - violacea ne} tae} tae) las) Ine] qe} tac) . radula Clavatula militaris . sinensis . robusta . spicata spurca ericea . debilis - sculpta OQAGDQAQAG - Tava Puate VI. Clavatula argillacea C. scalaris C. cinerea C. luctuosa . C. quisqualis C. rubida C. aspera C. plumbea . C. occata . - C. pudica il EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES. Fig. Clavatula bella . : 4 "4 F 13 €. neglecta . 0 : : : } 14 C. leta 3 : 3 3 : . 15,16 C. nitens y ; ; : ; 17 C. candida . é é : : ” 18 C.pyramis . 6 0 6 : 0 19 C. merita.. 5 , : : ¢ 20 C. flammea . F : ; : ‘ 21 C. polita . : : : 6 : 22 C. impressa . . 28, 24 Puate VII. Clavatula pardalis 1 C. papillaris . 2 C. amabilis 3 C. felina 4 C. rubiginosa 5 C. celata 6 C. donata 7 C. albicans 8 C. fimbriata . 9 C. mutica 10 C. micans 11 C. metula 12 C. fulva 13 C. dentifera . 14 C. glumacea . 15 C. retusa 16 C. tessellata . : : - : 17 C. rigida 18 Daphnella marmorata 19 D. casta ; 5 . , 20 D. omata . : : A . ‘ 21 Conopleura striata 22, 23 Puate VIII. Triphoris gigas 1 T. concors : ; 2 T. sculptus . 0 > : > > 3 T. vittatus 4 T. bilix 5 T. cancellatus 6 T. corrugatus if T. maxillaris : ; 5 ; 4 8 T. micans 9 T. asperrimus . . : 3 5 10 Fig Triphoris elegans . B - 5 : 11 T. vitreus. é ; F - > 12 T. vulpinus . . 5 . : ; 13 T. monilifer . : : ; 4 F 14 T. ruber : , ; 3 5 5 15 T. clemens . ; : : ; : 16 T. carteretensis . 2 s : ‘ 17 T. hilaris. i A ; . ; 18 T. roseus : : : : : : 19 T. concinnus . 0 : : ¢ 5 20 Puate IX. Mangelia cinnamomea I M. coronata a 2 M. vittata . : F . 5 3 M. oryza.. : c 6 4 M. celebensis R : : : c 5 Nassa candens. ¢ : ; He i 7/ N.cremata . 5 A : F ty) N. myristicata : 10, 11 N. perpinguis . : 5 3 . 12,138 N.nodata . : : é < . 14,15 N. gaudiosa . 3 : : : 6g NTS N.mesta . F s : 3 - 18,19 Puatre X. Phos crassus 15 2 P. retecosus . : ; : A . 8,4 P. gaudens . : 2 : ; ao 6 P. articulatus 5 3 5 7,8 P. roseatus . F : ; 3 5 KUO P. virgatus . > : ; : neds 2, P. veraguensis. : : é . 13,14 Columbella carinata 0 3 : a Gs 15 C. fusiformis a : : 3 . 17,18 C. pavonina . 6 : . : - 19,20 C. lentiginosa : c ¢ é 121,22 Puate XI. Mitra Belcheri d2 Cerithium pharos . 3, 4 C. gemmatum : : 3 : SONG Ancillaria mamillata 7,8 Imbricaria carbonacea_ .« ‘ : 9 10 Trichotropis cancellata . F : ‘aia? T.inermis . c : i ° . 18, 14 Pirate XII. Cancellaria corrugata . elata . funiculata . urceolata . . albida . ventricosa . bicolor . lamellosa . (2) (@) (2) (2) (©) (2) 2) ©) . antiquata EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES. Fig. 1, 4 3, 4 5, 6 TAS 9, 10 . 11,12 . 13, 14 . 15,16 . 17,18 Prats XIII. Marginella Belcheri M. nodata M. musica M. sapotilla . M. tricincta . M. blanda M. scripta M. vitrea M. fusiformis Erato vitellina PuateE XIV. Solarium purpuratum . perdix . placentale . quadriceps . asperum . celatum . dealbatum . fragile fulvum .-virgatum . DNANNARNNNNM . fenestratum Pirate XV. Melania luctuosa . M. perpinguis M. picta M. mesta M. occata M. fulgurans M. verrucosa M. aspirans . M. fumosa 1, 2, 3, 4,5 6,7 8,9 5 10,09 5 OG . 14,15 = 16), 17, . 18,19 . 20, 21 . 22) 28 Melania figurata M. Plutonis . M. bellicosa . M. pugilis M. gaudiosa . M. pyramidata M. latebrosa . M. florata Puate XVI, Ovulum gallinaceum O. dorsuosum O. corrugatum Crepidula solida Scarabus pollex Cerithium macrostoma Buccinum metula . Ringicula caron Delphinula Reeviana Rotella sagittata Pupina aurea Paludina seminalis Puate XVII. Pecten sericeus P. digitatus . P. coruscans . P. fasciculatus P. rubidus P. floridus Puate XVIII. Nucula Cumingii . . mitralis . pulchra . divaricata . castrensis . tumida . marmorea . declivis . retusa lata 5 Belcheri 5 . lyrata . celata Sl 2 eal ed Pa 6 od} a, ed) hd . crispa ill Fig. 13 14 . 15, 16 ECS 19 20 21 22 1,2 3, 4 5, 6 8 9, 10 5 ies . 18,14 . 15, 16 17 . 18,19 . 20, 21 22 Oo & © We D> iv EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES. Fig. Fig. Nucula recta : : . 5 5 15 C. speciosa . , . : b . Rae N. ventricosa : : : : : 16 6 moiesia - E fl : : ; 9 N. excavata . : : ° . 2 17 C. albuginosa ? : ; - : 10 N. puellata . : : ; : 5 18 C. fragilis. : 7 d : ! 11 C. obesa : c 3 : : : 12 PATRONS C. marmorata : : . j Z 13 C. eburnea . : 5 i ; ; 14 Chiton magdalenensis 1 @uleevis : A : ; ; ! 15 Lucina fenestrata . 2 Neeera casta . : : 2 5 A 16 Cardita abyssicola . é : : ; 3 N. Gouldiana : . : ; : 17 Lingula albida 4 N. elegans . : ; : : : 18 Venus Kellettii 5 N. didyma . ; P : ; : 19 Psammobia decora . : : 5 GF N. rosea ; ; ? : s i 20 Pythina Deshayesiana . : : 5 6 Helix pyxis . 0 2 : : c 10 PLATE XXI H. adustus . : : : : : 11 i H. squalus . 0 : . 0 5 12 Cytherea crassatelloides 1 Tellina bodegensis 2 Prare XX. T. rhodora 3 T. fucata . 4 Corbula crassa : : : : o 1,2, 8 Trilasmis eburnea 5 C. tunicata . : 0 . 5 Beate) Cyrena obesa 6 C. cuneata . : 6 ; 0 0 6 C. tenebrosa il PLATE: 1 og. PLATE of 20 19 Om a a mals ~~ Jo PLATE —— a 16 15 N a 13 d4 10 iL PLATE — 6 PLAST 7: TWICE NAT. DIAM i a - 4 DZ, o i 8 2 10 #] | IZ 14 13 TA 15 16 Ic is Ve dem x . = o i LE 14 FLATE 10 PLATE: IL i 12 13 it LH PLATE YY Z. HH “ PLATE WZ. i Zz 3 t 5 y 0 as 4 ~ 18 19 2 D L3 Le CS em coe N = — 18 & 2 op PLATE 14. 22 E| 1) EE} Be 18 Lt PEATE i7, G.B. Sowerby, Junk exe PLATE 18. 3 eae = weeny, 4 | 2 & > o — 9 s 7 ty} I3 ; 12 oT ai 3

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