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PROCEEDINGS 


OF   THE 


State  Historical  Society  of  Wisconsin 

AT   ITS 

t 

FORTY-EIGHTH  ANNUAL  MEETING 
Held  December  13,  1900 


|o(rUs^eb  bg  giut^orUg  of  fafa 


MADISON 

Democrat  Printing  Company,  State  Printer 

1901 


CONTENTS 


^"7  6 

moo  - 


PAGE 

Officers  of  the  Society,  1901     ........  5 

Committees          ...........  6 

Library  .Service          ..........  7 

Proceedings  of  Forty-Eighth  Annual  Meeting      ....  9 

Executive  Committee  Meeting          .......  13 


APPENDIX. 

A.— Report  of  Executive  Committee— 
Summary    ..... 
Death  of  Professor  Rosenstengel     . 
Financial  condition- 
Change  in  treasurer 
General  fund 
Binding  fund 
Antiquarian  fund 
Draper  fund    .... 
Library  accessions 
Work  in  the  library- 
Removal  .... 
Duplication  of  catalogue 
Manuscripts    .... 
Binding  .... 
Office  work- 
New  building 
A^Ociation  meetings 
Stat0  field  wtjrk 
Field  convention^      ^ . 
Local  historical  conventions 
Publications  if      . 
Museum       ... 
The  building  practically  completed 
Expenses  of  maintenance      .     .     . 
Dedication  of  the  building    . 
Retrospect  .... 
B.— Report  of  Finance  Committee     . 
C— Reports  of  Treasurers  Proudfit  and  Hanks 
D.— Reports  from  Auxiliary  Societies 
E.— Givers  of  Books  and  Pamphlets 
F.— Miscellaneous  Gifts  .  -       . 
G.— Newspapers  and  Periodicals  Received 
H.— Wisconsin  Necrology,  year  ending  Nov.  30, 1900 
I.— Leading  Wisconsin  Events  OF  1900     . 


16 
17 

18 
18 
20 
20 
21 
21 

23 
23 

24 

24 

25 
25 
26 
26 
26 
27 
28 
29 
30 
31 
33 
36 
38 
53 
57 
75 
79 
94 
103 


OFFICERS  OF  THE  SOCIETY,  1901 


PRESIDEXT 

HON.  JOHN  JOHNSTON Milwaukee 

VICE- PRESIDE  XT  "i 

HON.  JAMES  SUTHERLAND Janesville 

HON.  ROBERT  L.  McCORMICK    .        .        .        .        .  Hayward 

WILLIAM  W.  WIGHT,  LL.  D.        .        .        ...  Milwaukee 

HON.  JOHN  B.  CASSODAY Madison 

HON.  WILLIAM  F.  VILAS Madison 

SECRETARY  AND  SUPEJiiyTEXDEXT 

REUBEN  G.  THWAITES Madison 

TREASURER 

LUCIEN  S.  HANKS Madison 

LIBRA RIAX  AXD  ASST.  S U PERIXTE XDE XT 

ISAAC  S.  BRADLEY Madison 

CURATORS,  EX-OFFICIO 

HON.  ROBERT  M.  LvFOLLETTB Governor 

HON.  WILLIAM  H.  FROEHLICH  .        .  Secretary  of  State 

HON.  JAMES  O.  DAVIDSON  .        .        .        .        .    State  Treasurer 

CURATORS,  ELECTIVE 


Term  expires  at  annual  meelinq  in  December,  1901 

HON.  ROBERT  M.  BASHFORD      CHARLES  H.  HASKINS,  Ph.  D. 
GEN.  EDWIN  E.  BRYANT  WILLIAM  A.  P.  MORRIS,  A.  B. 

HON.  JOHN  B.  CASSODAY  FRANK  F.  PROUDFIT,  Esq. 

JAIRUS  H.  CARPENTER,  LL.  D.  HON.  ROBERT  G.  SIEBECKER 
♦HON.  C.  L.  COLMAN  HON.  BREESE  J.  STEVENS 

MAJ.  M.  RANSOM  DOYON  FREDERICK  J.  TURNER,  Ph.  D. 


*  Died  July  2,  1901. 


OFFICERS   OF   THE   SOCIETY. 


Tevm  expires  at  annvMl  meeting  in  December,  1902 

CHARLES  K.  ADAMS,  LL.  D.    HON.  BUELL  E.  HUTCHINSON 
RASMUS  B.  ANDERSON,  LL.  D.  HON.  JOHN  A,  JOHNSON 
HON.  EMIL  BAENSCH        HON.  BURR  W.  JONES 
HON.  GEORGE  B.  BURROWS   J.  HOWARD  PALMER,  Esq. 
FREDERIC  K.  CONOVER,  LL,  B.  PROF.  JOHN  B.  PARKINSON 
JOHN  C.  FREEMAN,  LL.  D.     HON.  N.  B.  VAN  SLYKE 

Term  expires  at  annual  m,ieting  in  December,  1903 

CHARLES  N.  GREGORY,  LL.  D.  ARTHUR  L.  SANBORN,  LL.  B. 

HON.  LUCIEN  S.  HANKS  HON.  HALLE  STEENSLAND 

HON.  JOHN  JOHNSTON  HON.  E.  RAY  STEVENS 

REV.  PATRICK  B.  KNOX  HON.  JAMES  SUTHERLAND 

HON.  ROBERT  L.  McCORMICK  HON.  WILLIAM  F.  VILAS 

HON.  GEORGE  RAYMER  WILLIAM  W.  WIGHT,  LL.  D. 


EXECUTIVE   COMMITTEE. 

The  thirty-six  curators,  the  secretary,  the  librarian,  the  gov- 
ernor, the  secretary  of  state,  and  the  state  treasurer,  constitute 
the  executive  committee. 

STANDING  COMMITTEES    (OF  EXECUTIVE  COMMITTEE). 

Library  —  Turner  (chairman),  Gregory,  Raymer,  Anderson,  and  the 
Secretary  (ex-officio). 

Art  Gallery  and  Museum  —  Hanks  (chairman),  Johnson,  Knox,  and  the 
Secretary  (ex-officio). 

Printing  and  Publication  —  Conover  (chairman),  Jones,  Sanborn,  Bry- 
ant, and  the  Secretary  (ex-officio). 

Finance  —  Van  Slyke  (chairman) ,  Morris,  Burrows,  Palmer,  and  Steens- 
land. 

Advisory  Committee  (ex-officio)  —  Turner,  Hanks,  Conover,  and  Vaij 
Slyke. 

SPECIAL 'committees    (OF  THE   SOCIETY). 

Draper  Homestead  — Y an  Slyke  (chairman),  Steensland,  and  Thwaites. 

Auditing  Committee  —  C.  N.Brown  (chairman) ,  A.  B.  Morris,  and  E.  B. 
Steensland. 

Biennial  Address,  1903  —  Thwa.ites  (chairman),  Adams,  Stevens,  Greg- 
ory, and  Turner. 

Field  Meetings  —  Turner  (chairman),  Wight,  Jackson,  E.  B.  Usher,  and 
Thwaites.  • 

Relations  wi1ih*the  State  University  —  Thwaites  (chairman).  Hanks,  Bur- 
rows, Morris,  and  Raymer. 


•:A'!'   -"fi.-^^ 


LIBRARY  SERVICE 


secretary  and  sl>  perintendent 

Reuben  Gold  Thwaites 


librarian  and  assistant  superintendent 

Isaac  Samuel  Bradley 


assistant  •i.ibrarian 

Minnie  Myrtle  Oakley 

(Chief  Cataloguer) 


LIBRARY  ASSISTANTS 

[In-order  of  seniority  of  service] . 


Emma  Alethea  Hawley 
Annie  Amelia  Nunns 

Florence  Elizabeth  Baker 
*Emma  Helen  Blair 
*Georgiana  Russell  Sheldon 

Mary  Stuart  Foster 

IvA  Alice  Welsh 

Elizabeth  Church  Smith 

Eve  Parkinson 

Clarence  Scott  Hean 

Jean  Hayes  Cady 

Emma  Gattiker 


—  Classification  Department-     - 

—  Order  Department  and  Superintend- 

ent's Secretary 

—  In  charge  of  Beading  Room 

—  Mai>s  and  MSS.  Department 

—  Shelf  Department  and  Exchanges 

—  Periodical  Department 

—  Accession  Department 

—  Catalogue  Department 

—  Genealogical  and  Art  Department 

—  Newspaper  Department 

—  Public  Documents  Department 

—  Shelf  Department  and  Exchanges 


STUDENT  ASSISTANTS 

[In  alphabetical  order] 

Ericcson  W.  Allen,  Milwaukee     —  Periodical  Department 
Oscar  R.  W,  Hoefer,  Milwaukee  —  Newspaper  Department 
Frances  S.  C.  James,  Eau  Ql&ire  —  Catalogue  Department 
Delbert  R.  Mathews,  Fox  IjSLke  —  Beading  Boom 
Clinton  Guilford.  Price,  Madison  —  Beading  Boom 

*  On  leave  of  absence. 


8  LIBRARY     SERVICE. 

CAS£-TAKERS 

Thomas  Dean  —Engineer  and  Bead  Jdnitor 

Everett  Westbury  —Janitor  and  Assistant  Engineer 

Ceylon  Childs  Lincoln  —Museum  Attendant  and  Janitor 

Bennie  Butts  —  Messenger  and  Office  Janitor 

Emma  Ledwith  —  Housekeeper 
Emma  Dietrich,  Tillie  Gunkel, 

Edith  Rudd,  Rogneld  Sather  —  IfoMscmatVZs 

Donley  Davenport  —  Elevator  Attendant 


Library  Open  —  Daily,  except  Saturdays,  Sundays,  holidays,  and  Uni- 
versity vacations:  8  A.  M.  to  6  P.  M. ;  6:30  to  10  P.  M. 

Saturdays:  8  A.  M.  TO  4  P.  M.  (building  closed  early,  for  weekly 
cleaning) . 

Holidays  and  vacations :  as  per  announcement. 

Museum  Open  — Daily,  except  Saturdays,  Sundays,  and  holidays:    9 
A.  M.  to  5  P.  m. 
Saturdays :  close  at  4  P.  M, ,  for  weekly  cleaning. 
Holidays :  as  per  announcement. 


THE  STATE  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY  OF  WISCONSIN. 


FORTY-EIGHTH  ANNUAL  MEETING/ 

The  forty-eighth  annual  meeting  of  the  State  Historical  So- 
ciety of  Wisconsin  was  held  in  the  lecture  room  (No.  300)  of 
the  new  State  Historical  Library  Building,  upon  Thursday 
evening,  December  13,  1900. 

peesident's  address. 

President  Johnston,  upon  taking  the  chair,  spoke  as  follows : 

Members  of  the  State  Historical  Society:  The  State  Historical  So- 
ciety of  Wisconsin  never  met  under  more  auspicious  circumstances 
than  it  does  tonight,  on  this  its  forty-eighth  annual  meeting. 

We  have  assembled  as  a  business  organization  for  the  first  time  In 
this  magnificient  building,  which  is  to  be  the  home  of  our  Society  for 
many  generations;  and  additional  interest  is  thrown  around  our  an- 
nual meeting  tonight,  when  we  consider  that  it  occurs  in  the  last 
month  of  the  nineteenth  century,  and  that  we  turn  our  faces  to  the 
rising  sun  of  the  twentieth  century  full  of  encouragement  and  hope. 

The  dedication  of  our  new  building  on  October  19th,  was  in  every 
way  a  brilliant  success.  The  attendance  was  large,  and  rep^-esented 
all  parts  of  the  Middle  West.  The  event  received  adequate  treatment 
in  the  public  press  of  the  country;  and  the  literary  journals,  in  par- 
ticular, editorially  alluded  to  it  as  an  event  of  great  importance  in  the 
scholastic  world.  The  letters  from  men  and  women  of  prominence  in 
literary,  library,  and  educational  circles,  which  have  poured  in  upon 
our  secretary,  from  all  parts  of  this  country,  evince  a  keen  interest  in 
this  Society  and  in  its  remarkable  career. 

Members  of  the  Society  will  also  be  pleased  to  learn  that  there  is, 
throughout  the  entire  West,  from  Ohio  on  the  East,  to  Washington  and 
Oregon  on  the  West,  a  general  awakening  of  interest  in  the  formation 


^  The  report  of  proceedings,  here  published,  is  synopsized  from  the  of- 
ficial MS.  records  of  the  Society. — Sec. 
2 


lO  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

of  historical  societies.  Letters  which  are  being  frequently  received 
by  the  secretary,  indicate  that  in  all  of  these  several  movements  the 
Wisconsin  Historical  Society  is  being  looked  to  as  a  stirring  example — • 
its  work,  its  methods,  its  constitution  and  by-laws  being  eagerly  en- 
quired about  and  so  far  as  practicable  emulated. 

All  this  is  very  encouraging  to  our  Society;  but  it  should  not  result 
in  self-complacency  alone — rather  let  it  spur  us  on  to  renewed  activi- 
ties, and  to  make  a  vigorous  appeal  to  the  forthcoming  legislature  for 
such  additional  funSs  as  shall  enable  our  work  to  meet  the  great  pos- 
sibilities wnich  this  splendid  new  building  and  inspiring  educational 
environment  have  opened  up  to  us. 

We  are  not  unlike  the  penniless  but  deserving  daughter  whom  an 
indulgent  parent  has  placed  in  an  elegant  mansion,  and  who  naturally 
looks  to  that  parent  for  the  means  necessary  to  properly  fill  the  posi- 
tion in  which  she  is  placed. 

The  Society,  as  the  trustee  of  the  state,  receives  its  income  froiu 
the  public  treasury  in  various  ways.  The  salaries  of  the  secretary, 
the  librarian,  and  the  assistant  librarian  are  upon  the  state  pay  roll, 
and  thus  subject  to  legislative  control.  In  addition,  we  are  allowed, 
under  the  statute,  our  stationery,  our  printing,  and  our  binding.  Then, 
we  are  given  $15,000  for  general  current  expenses;  out  of  this  must 
come  the  salaries  of  our  necessarily  growing  staff  of  employes,  our 
heat,  light,  city  water,  power,  repairs,  miscellaneous  supplies,  and 
book  purchases.  It  has  been  found  that  despite  the  fact  that  the  Uni- 
versity pays  one-half  of  the  expense  of  heat,  light,  city  water,  power, 
cleaning,  and  policing, — in  consideration  of  having  rooms  in  the 
building, — there  is  left  to  the  Society,  after  paying  its  half  of  main- 
tenance, the  salaries  of  its  own  staff,  and  its  other  ordinary  admin- 
istrative expenses,  absolutely  nothing  for  books.  Not  only  this,  but 
the  Society  is  unable  to  fully  carry  out  its  work,  under  the  new  con- 
ditions with  which  it  is  confronted.  It  actually  needs,  upon  a  close 
calculation,  fully  $2,000  more  per  year  for  additional  administrative 
expenses,  and  $10,000  for  books,  periodicals,  maps,  and  manuscripts — 
a  very  modest  estimate  for  a  library  of  this  importance.  This  would 
still  leave  nothing  for  the  museum  and  gallery,  which  as  heretofore, 
would  be  left  to  private  benevolence;  this,  it  is  sincerely  to  be  hoped, 
will  be  more  active  than  hitherto,  now  that  our  possessions  are  housed 
in  attractive  halls  and  cabinet  rooms,  worthy  of  the  state  and  of  the 
Society. 

It  would  be  well  for  the  legislature  to  consider,  in  adding  to  our 
annual  stipend,  whether  it  would  not  be  far  better  to  make  us  our 
grant  in  one  sum,  rather  than  in  driblets.  Salaries  of  experts,  such 
as  we  are  obliged  to  employ,  should  not  be  left  to  the  fancy  of  the  legis- 
lature, any  more  than  are  the  salaries  of  the  University  professors. 


FORTY-EIGHTH    ANNUAL   MEETING.  II 

Again,  it  would  often  prove  a  decided  advantage  to  economize  in  some 
directions,  in  certain  years,  in  order  that  pressing  needs  in  other  di- 
rections might  be  met.  It  seems  reasonable  to  suppose  that  the  gain 
to  the  state  in  efficiency  and  economy,  would  be  considerable  if  our 
money  were  given  in  bulk,  for  such  intelligent  disbursement  as  the  So- 
ciety might  deem  best. 

The  legislature  and  state  officers  of  Wisconsin  have  manifested  that 
broad  anJ  wise  liberality  towards  the  educational  institutions  of  the 
state  which  marks  the  true  statesman,  and  yet  it  may  well  be  doubted 
whether  the  early  settlers  of  the  state  were  not  as  generous  when  we 
consider  their  narrow  circumstances.  Great  sums  are  now  being 
spent;  but  not  a  citizen  of  the  state  is  any  poorer  on  account  of  this 
expenditure,  and  the  population  and  wealth  of  the  state  are  advancing 
at  a  marvelous  rate.  When  this  Society  was  organized,  the  deposits 
in  the  banks  of  Wisconsin  did  not  average  five  dollars  per  head  of  the 
population,  and  now  they  average  over  fifty  dollars  per  head. 

As  I  have  already  intimated,  it  is  wonderful  how  interest  in  the 
study  of  history  is  growing;  and  of  course  that  means  interest  in  his- 
torical libraries  and  in  the  buildings  in  which  historical  libraries  are 
kept. 

The  uncovering  of  the  wonderful  records  of  the  ancient  Babylonian 
empire,  more  than  5,000  years  old,  at  Nippur,  and  the  dedication  of 
our  magnificent  library  building  at  Madison,  Wisconsin,  seem  very 
different,  but  after  all  they  are  kindred  events;  they  are  in  the  same 
field. 

We  are  being  more  and  more  impressed  with  the  fact  that  the  far 
off  ancients  were  not  so  destitute  of  books  as  we  have  been  accus- 
tomed to  suppose.  The  patriarch  Job  expresses  a  desire  that  his  ad- 
versary had  written  a  book;  while  the  author  of  Ecclesiastes  declares 
that  "of  making  many  books  there  is  no  end." 

We  are  told  in  the  Book  of  Joshua  of  one  city  of  the  Canaanites 
called  Kirjath-Sepher,  or  the  Book  City,  and  that  it  was  an  important 
city  may  be  judged  from  the  fact  that  Caleb  offered  the  hand  of  his 
daughter  to  whomsoever  should  take  it,  and  it  was  won  by  his  gal- 
lant nephew  Othniel. 

■While  many  of  the  great  deeds  of  the  world  were  performed  by  na- 
tions with  few  books,  yet  those  deeds  would  have  been  of  little  account 
had  they  not  been  recorded.  The  first  historians  were  poets  like 
Homer;  and  while  the  historians  of  antiquity,  like  Thucydides  and 
Tacitus,  may  excel  those  of  modern  times  in  literary  form,  their  aim 
seems  to  have  been  more  to  please  the  taste  and  delight  the  imagina- 
tion than  to  faithfully  record  what  did  actually  occur. 

Take  for  instance  the  account  Tacitus  gives  of  the  campaigns  of 
Agricola  in  Scotland;   he  seems  to  have  too  often  colored  his  narra- 


12  WISCONSIN   HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

tive  with  the  thought  that  Agricola  aspired  to  be  emperor,  and  he,  as 
his  son-in-law,  was  bound  to  assist  him  by  making  his  facts  subservient 
to  the  glorification  of  his  hero.  His  history  was  too  much  of  a  cam- 
paign document. 

In  all  the  records  of  past  ages  there  are  few  speeches  more  able  and 
more  thrilling  than  that  which  he  says  Galgacus,  the  Caledonian  gen- 
eral, delivered  to  his  men  before  the  battle  of  "Mons  Grampius."  It 
is  inspiring  reading,  but  it  is  not  history.  I  find  that  I  am  on  the  mar- 
gin of  a  field  of  great  interest  which  I  cannot  enter,  for  I  must  not 
forget  that  this  is  a  business  meeting,  and  it  gives  me  great  pleasure 
to  give  way  for  the  usual  annual  reports. 

EXECUTIVE    committee's    KEPOKT. 

The  secretary,  in  behalf  of  the  executive  committee,  pre- 
sented its  annual  report,  which  was  adopted.  [See  Appendix 
A.] 

FINANCIAL   EEPORTS. 

Chairman  N".  B.  Van  Slyke,  of  the  committee  on  finance,  pre- 
sented the  report  of  that  committee,  approving  the  reports  of 
Treasurers  Proudfit  and  Hanks,  respectively.^  These  reports 
were  severally  adopted.      [See  Appendixes  B  and  C] 

AUXILIARY    SOCIETIES. 

The  secretary  presented  the  reports  of  the  Green  Bay  and 
Ripon  historical  societies,  which  are  auxiliaries  to  the  state  So- 
ciety. The  reports  were  ordered  printed  with  the  pr<:)ceeding3 
of  this  meeting.      [See  Appendix  D.] 

CURATORS  ELECTED. 

Messrs.  R.  M.  Bashford,  J.  B.  Parkinson,  H.  M.  Lewis, 
George  Eaymer,  and  Storm  Bull  were  appointed  a  committee  on 
the  nomination  of  curators, — two  to  fill  vacancies,  and  twelve  to 
serve  for  the  ensuing  term  of  three  years, — and  reported  in 
favor  of  the  following,  who  were  unanimously  elected: 
For  term  expiring  at  annual  meeting  in  December,  1901. 

Dr.  Charles  H.  Haskins,  of  Madison,  to  succeed  Prof.  William  H. 
Rosenstengel,  deceased. 

Hon.  C.  L.  Colman,  of  La  Crosse,  to  succeed  Ellis  B.  Usher,  resigned. 


See  posi,  p.  18,  under  caption  "Change  in  Treasurer." 


FORTY -EIGHTH   ANNUAL   MEETING.  I  3 

For  term  expiring  at  annual  meeting  in  December,  1903. 

Prof.  Charles  N.  Gregory.  Arthur  L.  Sanborn,  LL.  B. 

Hon.   Lucien   S.   Hanks,  Hon.  Halle  Steensland, 

Hon.  John  Johnston,  Hon.  E.  Ray  Stevens, 

Rev.  Patrick  B.  Knox,  Hon.  James  Sutherland, 

Hon.  Robert  L.  McCormick,  Hon.  William  F.  Vilas,                : 

Hon.  George  Raymer,  William  W.  Wight,  LL.  D. 
The  meeting  thereupon  stood  adjourned. 


MEETING   OF  EXECUTIVE   COMMITTEE. 

The  annual  meeting  of  the  executive  committee  was  held  at 
the  close  of  the  Society  meeting,  December  13,  1900. 

ELECTION  OF  VICE  PRESIDENT. 

Hon.  C.  L.  Colman,  of  La  Crosse,  was  elected  a  vice  president 
for  the  unexpired  term  ending  in  December,  1901,  to  succeed 
Hon.  Ellis  B.  Usher,  of  La  Crosse,  resigned. 

AUDITING  COMMITTEE. 

The  following  resolution  was  adopted : 

Resolved,,  That  an  auditing  committee  of  three  be  appointed  by  the 
chair,  whose  business  it  shall  be,  at  least  five  days  before  the  annual 
meeting  of  the  executive  committee  in  each  year,  to  examine  all 
vouchers  for  expenditures  by  and  the  fiscal  account  of  the  treasurer  for 
the  current  year,  and  to  report  to  the  executive  committee  at  its  an- 
nual meeting  in  that  year;  and  that  such  auditing  committee  be  com- 
posed of  members  of  the  Society  other  than  those  upon  the  finance  com- 
mittee. 

NEW  MEMBERS  ELECTED. 

The  following  new  members  were  elected : 

Life  Members. 
Ashland — Thomas  Bardon. 
De  Pere—B.  F.  Smith. 
Chrand  Rapids — T.  B.  Nash. 
Oreen  Bay — J.  H.  Tayler. 
Janesville — Victor  P.  Richardson. 


14  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY. 

Kenosha  —  Nelson  A.  Pennoyer. 

La  Crosse  —  James  J.  Hogan. 

Madison  —  Edward  Kremers,  Philip  L.  Spooner,  C.  R.  Van  Hise, 
Ernest  N.  Warner. 

Marinette  —  Warren  J.  Davis,  Lewis  S.  Patrick. 

Mihcaukee — ^H.  H.  Camp,  John  W.  P.  Lombard,  August  G.  E.  Uih- 
lein. 

Monroe — A.  C.  Dodge. 

Mosinee  —  Joseph  Dessert. 

New  Holstein  —  Rudolph   Puchner. 

Racine — ^  Charles  H.  Lee. 

Sheboygan  —  George  C.   Cole. 

Annual  Members. 

Ashland  —  George  F.  Merrill. 

Beloit — ^  William  F.   Brown. 

Elkhorn  ^WilliSim  H.  Hurlbut. 

Janesville — 'Charles  L.  Fifield,  Alexander  E.  Matheson,  Pliny  Nor- 
cross,  M.  P.  Richardson,  J.  W.  Sale,  Stanley  B.  Smith,  A.   O,  Wilson. 

Kenosha — ^ Emory  L.  Grant,  William  W.  Strong,  Louis  M.  Thiers. 

Kewaunee  —  Joseph  Duvall. 

La  Crosse — Mons  Anderson,  E.  E.  Bentley,  Charles  R.  Benton. 

Madison  —  Andrew  A.  Bruce,  Carl  R.  Fish,  Louis  M.  Hanks,  W.  A. 
Henry,  Edward  D.  Jones,  J.  C.  Monaghan,  John  B.  Sanborn,  F.  C. 
Sharp,  M.  S.  Slaughter,  Charles  S.  Slichter,  Walter  McMynn  Smith, 
E.  Ray  Stevens,  Asa  C.  Tilton,  E.  K.  J.  H.  Voss. 

Manitowoc  —  E.    G.    Nash,    H.    George    Schuette. 

Marinette — George  W.  Taylor. 

Milwaukee  —  Norman  L.  Burdick,  Thomas  E.  Camp,  Paul  D.  Car- 
penter, Ralph  Chandler,  Rublee  A.  Cole,  Alonzo  G.  Gates,  C.  A.  Love- 
land,  Robert  N.  McMynn,  George  H.  Noyes,  W.  Stark  Smith,  Charles 
G.  Stark,  Harold  G.  Underwood,  E.  E.  White,  U.  O.  B.  Wingate. 

Merrill — 'H.  H.  Foster. 

Richland   Center — 'L.  H.   Bancroft. 

Sheboygan  —  John  R.  Riess,  Francis  Williams. 

Sheboygan  Falls — 'J.  H.  Denison. 

Shullsburg  —  C.  C.  Gratiot. 

Two  Rivers — -J.  R.  Currens. 

West  Superior — 'Wallace  D.  Stevens. 

East  Sound,  Washington — John  B.  Vliet. 


The  meeting  thereupon  stood  adjourned. 


APPENDIX. 


A.  Report  of  Executive  Committee. 

B.  Report  of  Finance  Committee. 

C.  Reports  of  Treasurers  Proudfit  and  Hanks. 

D.  Reports  from  Auxiliary  Societies. 

E.  Givers  of  Books  and  Pamphlets. 
E.  Miscellaneous  Gifts. 

G.  Newspapers  and  Periodicals  Received. 

H.  Wisconsin  Necrology,  year  ending  Nov.  30,  1900. 

I.  Leading  Wisconsin  Events  of  1900. 


1 6  WISCONSIN   HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 


EEPOET  OF  THE  EXECUTIVE  COMMITTEE. 

[Submitted  to  the  Society  at  the  Forty-eighth  Annual  Meeting,  Dec.  13,  1900.J 

SUMMARY. 

After  long  waiting,  caused  by  contractors'  delays,  the  So- 
ciety now  holds  its  first  annual  meeting  within  the  new  home 
provided  for  it  by  the  generosity  of  the  state.  The  Society  may 
well  congratulate  itself  upon  the  outcome  of  hopes  deferred. 

Preparation  for  the  work  of  removal,  the  hegira  itself,  and 
the  subsequent  settling  down  amid  the  new  environment,  have 
throughout  the  year  largely  engaged  the  attention  of  our  staff. 
Other  interests  have  been  subordinated  to  these,  so  that  your 
Committee  have  somewhat  less  variety  than  usual  upon  which 
to  report. 

Our  growth  in  books  and  pamphlets  during  the  year  has  been 
quite  equal  to  the  average,  owing  in  most  part  to  gifts — ^chiefly 
of  public  documents  and  monographs,  which  are  of  prime  im- 
portance in  original  research;  but  our  accessions  of  necessary 
books  "in  the  trade,"  or  sets  of  standard  sources,  have  unfortun- 
ately been  unusually  meagre,  for  the  expenses  of  administering 
the  new  building  are  so  great  as  to  leave  us  with  practically  no 
book  purchasing  fund.  Accessions  to  the  museum  have  been  of 
customary  extent  and  value. 

No  historical  convention  was  held  within  the  year,  for  the 
reason  that  it  was  thought  desirable  to  center  our  public  activi- 
ties upon  the  dedication  of  the  building,  which  occurred  upon 
the  nineteenth  of  October. 

Popular  interest  in  the  work  of  the  Society  has  perceptibly 
advanced  during  the  year,  no  doubt  fostered  by  our  removal  to 
and  dedication  of  the  new  quarters.  There  is  reason  to  believe 
that  the  Society  was  never  so  strongly  entrenched  in  the  favor 
of  our  people,  as  today. 


REPORT   OF    EXECUTIVE   COMMITTEE,  IJ 

DEATH  OF  PROFESSOR  ROSENSTENGEL. 

The  ranks  of  our  curators  were  depleted  by  the  sudden  death, 
at  his  post  of  duty,  upon  the  twelfth  of  N'ovember,  1900,  of 
William  Henry  Rosenstengel,  professor  of  the  German  lan- 
guage and  literature  in  the  University  of  Wisconsin.  Profes- 
sor Rosenstengel  was  born  in  Barmen,  Prussia,  the  tenth  of 
September,  1842.  Educated  in  the  realschule  at  Barmen,  he 
afterwards  taught  in  Elberfeld  and  Radevormland.  Married 
in  1865  to  Miss  Lina  Worth,  of  Radevormland,  Mr.  Rosen- 
stengel in  the  same  year  removed  to  America,  settling  in  St. 
Louis,  where  for  twelve  years  he  was  a  teacher  in  the  Central 
high  school.  In  August,  1879,  the  University  of  Wisconsin 
called  him  to  occupy  the  chair  which  he  held  until  his  death. 

Professor  Rosenstengel  achieved  a  broad  reputation  in  his 
profession.  He  frequently  lectured  throughout  the  states  of  the 
Middle  West,  and  wrote  and  published  much.  For  a  time  he 
was  assistant  editor  of  the  AmerikaniscJie  Schulzeitung  und 
LeJirerpost;  he  contributed  largely  to  Brockhaus's  Conversa- 
tions LexiJcon  (Leipzig,  1881-88),  and  the  Deutsche  Ameri- 
Icanisches  Magazin  (Cincinnati,  1887,  etc.)  ;  published  numer- 
ous text-books,  pamphlets,  and  monographs,  in  his  department 
of  study,  and  was  the  author  of  a  history  of  the  early  German 
settlers  of  Madison.  He  had  been  a  member  of  the  Public 
School  Library  board  of  St.  Louis ;  a  member  of  the  Madison 
board  of  education;  secretary  and  president  of  the  ]^ational 
German  Teachers'  Association;  for  eleven  years,  president  of 
the  National  German-American  Teachers'  seminary,  of  Mil- 
waukee ;  and,  since  1886,  a  curator  of  this  Society.  The  degree 
of  master  of  arts  was  conferred  upon  him  by  Williams  college. 
He  died  suddenly,  while  sitting  in  his  chair  at  a  regular  meet- 
ing of  the  Univei-sity  faculty ;  having,  at  times,  for  a  year  pre- 
vious suffered  greatly  from  a  complication  of  disorders. 

Professor  Rosenstengel  was  regular  in  his  attendance  upon 
the  meetings  of  this  Society,  and  an  earnest  and  intelligent  ad- 
vocate of  the  purposes  for  which  it  stands.  As  a  member  of 
the  executive  committee,  he  shirked  neither  trouble  nor  respons- 
ibility, being   always    relied    upon   whenever   active  work  was 


l8  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

required.  His  kindly  presence  and  wise  counsel  will  be  greatly 
missed  by  his  colleagues,  who  recognize  in  his  death  the  loss  to 
this  state  of  one  who,  while  being  a  ripe  scholar  and  a  teacher 
of  high  repute,  was  in  no  less  degree  an  energetic  and  public- 
spirited  citizen. 

FINANCIAL    CONDITION. 

Change  in  Treasurer. 

Upon  the  first  of  October,  Treasurer  F.  F.  Proudfit,  after 
fourteen  years  of  faithful  service  for  the  Society,  the  most  of 
that  time  without  compensation,  resigned  his  office,  owing  to 
contemplated  absence  from  the  state  for  a  protracted  period. 
The  resignation  was  regretfully  accepted  by  your  committee, 
and  Maj.  M.  Ransom  Doyon  was  chosen  his  successor.  But 
soon  after  his  election,  Major  Doyon  made  arrangements  to  take 
up  his  residence  in  another  state,  and  resigned.  Upon  the  30th 
of  October,  therefore,  Lucien  S.  Hanks  was  elected  treasurer 
for  the  unexpired  term  ending  at  the  annual  meeting  in  Decem- 
ber, 1001,  and  now  holds  that  office. 

General  Fund. 

This  consists  of  the  annual  state  appropriation.  Heretofore, 
this  has  been  $5,000  per  calendar  year;  but  commencing 
with  the  first  of  September  (sec.  3,  chap.  296,  laws  of  1899), 
this  stipend  was  increased  to  $15,000  per  year,  because 
of  our  removal  to  the  new  building — thus  our  receipts  into  the 
fund  for  the  year  1900  were  for  eight  months  at  the  rate  of 
$5,000  per  annum,  and  for  four  months  at  the  rate  of  $15,000. 

Receipts. 

Unexpended  balance,  from  previous  year       ....         $34  54 

State  appropriation,   8  months      .  .  .  .  .  .     3,333  33 

State  appropriation,  4  months       ......     5,000  00 

Total  .........   18,367  S7 


REPORT  OF  EXECUTIVE  COMMITTEE.  ]Q 

Disbursements.  ■    - 

(Analysis  of  expenditures,  year  ending  November  30,   1900.) 

Services $3,726  95 

Books,  maps,  and  periodicals         .         .         .         .     1,666  76 

Pictures         ...  a  nn 

4  00 

P"ot*°&- 17  25 

Freight  and  drayage     ......  129  76 

^'•a^^el             .          .          .   • 384  52 

Maintenance    of    building     (joint    account    with 

State  University) •     .  563  70 

Incidentals   ........  99  22 

$6,592  16 

Balance  on  hand    ($1,472.31  in  State  treasury,  and  $303.40 

in  hands  of   Society  treasurer) 1,775  71 


Total ,  ,  .   $8,367  87 

The  two  reports  of  the  treasurer  arive  the  details  of  the  fore- 
goina:  expenditures ;  and  a  statement  thereof,  with  accompany- 
ing receipts,  as  approved  hy  the  hnance  committee,  has  been 
filed  with  the  governor  according  to  law  (sec.  3,  chap.  296,  laws 
of  1899). 

Our  accounts  have  been  much  confused  during  the  year,  by 
the  ruling  of  the  state  ofiicers  (as  per  their  letter  to  us  of  Aug- 
ust 29,  1900)  that  this  Society,  as  a  trustee  of  the  state,  comes 
within  the  provisions  of  sec.  2,  chap.  133,  laws  of  1899,  which 
seeks  to  establish  ^'uniformity  and  system  in  the  book-keeping 
methods  of  the  state."  It  is  the  opinion  of  your  committee,  how- 
ever, aft^r  careful  consideration  of  the  matter,  that  this  act  ap- 
plies only  t^  the  "offices  and  departments  in  the  capitol,"  as 
therein  specifically  stated,  and  not  at  all  to  this  institution.  At 
the  beginning  of  the  state's  current  fiscal  year,  October  1,  1900, 
the  balance  of  our  appropriation  then  remaining  in  the  state 
treasury  was  $3,333.33.  This  has  since  been  drawn  upon,  and 
warrants  paid  by  the  state  treasurer,  in  the  usual  manner  of  the 
several  state  departments.  Thus,  the  Society's  fiscal  year  has 
been  divided  into  two  distinct  periods  and  methods  of  auditing 
— ^the  first,  for  the  ten  months  ending  September  30th,  and  the 
second  for  the  remaining  two  months ;  involving  our  fiscal  re- 
port in  unwonted  complications. 


20  WISCONSIN   HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

As  stated  in  the  last  two  annual  reports  of  this  committee,  the 
existing  state  appropriation  of  $15,000  is  now  quite  inadequate 
to  the  Society's  needs.  Our  share  of  the  cost  of  general  main- 
tenance of  the  new  building  will  be  close  upon  $6,000.  The 
remaining  $9,000  will  be,  upon  the  most  conservative  estimate, 
whollv  absorbed  by  salaries  of  employes,  supplies,  and  other 
administrative  expenses  of  the  Society,  even  then  leaving  us 
with  an  insufficient  staff,  and  making  no  allowance  for  books 
and  periodicals.  Our  urgent  need  is  for  an  additional  stipend 
of  $12,000  per  year — $2,000  for  miscellaneous  expenses,  inci- 
dent to  a  fast-growing  establishment,  and  $10,000  for  a  book- 
purchasing  fund.  A  library  of  this  size  and  importance,  and 
with  so  large  a  constituency  of  readers,  might  properly  spend 
far  more  for  books;  we  consider  our  request  of  the  legislature 
in  this  direction,  as  being  of  an  extremely  modest  character. 

Following  are  a  few  book-purchasing  funds,  selected  at  ran- 
dom from  the  latest  annual  reports  of  leading  libraries  of  the 
country : 
Library  of   Congress    (in  addition  to  copyrighted  books, 

which  ft   gets   free) $61,000  00 

Harvard  University  Library   (  a  library  similar  in  char- 
acter   to    ours)  ........     25,502  00 

Buffalo  Public  library 23,200  00 

Chicago  Public  library 20,323  14 

Milwaukee  Public  library 16,605  42 

Cleveland  Public  library 16,370  58 

Detroit  Public  library 14,578  75 

St.  Louis  Public  library 12,514  00 

The  Binding  Fund. 

This  fund,'  now  consisting  of  $29,327.85  in  cash  and  securi- 
ties, is  the  product  of  special  gifts,  one-half  of  the  membership 
dues  and  receipts  from  the  sale  of  duplicates,  and  the  interest 
on  loans.  The  net  increase  during  the  year  was  $516.62.  The 
fund  is  now  doing  admirable  work  in  eking  out  the  bounty  of 
the  state. 

The  Antiquarian  Fund. 

This  is  the  product  of  interest  on  loans,  one-half  of  the  mem- 
bership dues  and  receipts  from  the  sale  of  duplicates,  and  spe- 


REPORT   OF   EXECUTIVE    COMMITTEE.  21 

cial  gifts.  The  treasurer's  report  shows  that  it  now  consists 
of  $3,981.48,  a  net  gain  during  the  year  of  $355.79.  The 
income  of  this  fund,  when  it  assumes  larger  proportions,  is 
to  be  expended  in  "prosecuting  historical  investigations,  and 
procuring  desirable  object^s  of  historic  or  ethnological  interest." 
Primarily  it  will,  no  doubt,  be  used  in  building  up  the  museum, 
which  is  still  disproportionately  meagre,  although  now  admir- 
ably housed. 

The  Draper  Fund. 

From  the  treasurer's  report,  it  will  be  seen  that  there  is  now 
in  this  fund  the  sum  of  $360.90.  No  portion  of  the  income  of 
the  fund  has  been  expended  during  the  year.  The  work  of  in- 
dexing the  Draper  manuscripts,  to  which  this  fund  is  com- 
mitted, will  doubtless  be  commenced  within  the  coming  year. 

LIBKAEY  ACCESSIONS, 

Following  is  a  summary  of  library  accessions  during  the  year 
•ending  iN'ovember  30,  1900 : 

Books  purchased   (including  exchanges)         .         .         .     1,727 
Books  by  gift 1,850 

Total  books 3,577 

Pamphlets,  by  gift 4,432 

Pamphlets,  on  exchange          .         .         .         .         .         .  919 

Pamphlets  made  from  newspaper  clippings      ...  55 

Total    pamphlets  .  .  .  .         .  .  5,406 

Total  accessions  of  titles     .....  8,983 

Present  (estimated)  strength  of  the  library: 

Books 108,860 

Pamphlets 106,746 

Total   titles 215,606 


22 


WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 


The  year's  book  accessions 
Cyclopaedias 

Newspapers  and  periodicals 
Philosophy  and   religion    . 
Biography  and  genealogy  , 
History — general 
History — foreign 
History — American     . 
History — local    (U.   S.) 
Geography  and  travel 
Political  and  social  science 
Legislation 
Natural    science 
Useful  arts 

British   Patent  Office  reports 
Fine  arts 

Language  and  literature  . 
Bibliography 


are  classified  as  follows; 


34 

847 
80 

112 
23 
64 

155 

144 

82 

1,565 

157 
67 
34 

107 
10 
53 
43 


Total 


3,577 


The  following  comparative  statistics  of  gifts  and  purchases 
are  suggestive : 

Total  accessions   (books  and  pamphlets)    .....  8,983' 

Percentage  of  gifts,  in  accessions       ......  70 

Percentage  of  purchases  (including  exchanges),  in  accessions  .  30 

Total  gifts    (including  duplicates,  which  are  not  accessioned)  9,568 

Books  given 2,933 

Pamphlets  given         .........  6,635 

Percentage  of  gifts  that  were  duplicates     .....  23 

Percentage  of  gifts  that  were  accessions  .....  6T 


Every  gift  is  welcomed  at  the  library,  whether  it  is  or  is  not 
a  duplicate ;  our  duplicates  are  utilized  in  exchange  with  other 
large  libraries  in  the  United  States  and  Canada.  Among  our 
most  important  exchanges  of  duplicates  during  the  past  year, 
have  been  those  with  the  public  libraries  of  Xew  York,  Boston,, 
and  Buffalo,  the  state  libraries  of  Maine,  Massachusetts,  !N'ew 
Hampshire,  Xew  York,  Indiana,  and  Nebraska,  and  the  libra- 
ries of  Bowdoin  college,  Brown  university,  Hamilton  college,^ 
Oberlin  college.  Drew  Theological  seminary,  and  the  Massa- 
chusetts historical  society. 


REPORT   OF    EXECUTIVE    COMMITTEE.  23 

WOKK   IN   THE   LIBRARY. 

Removal. 

The  great  task  of  the  year  has  been  the  rwiioval  of  library 
and  mnsenni  from  the  capitol  to  the  new  building,  one  mile 
away.  The  first  load  of  books  was  taken  from  the  capitol  upon 
the  morning  of  the  twentieth  of  August,  and  the  last  load  was 
deposited  in  the  new  building  in  the  forenoon  of  the  second  of 
October,  a  period  of  six  weeks  and  one  day.  The  cost  of  mov- 
ing was  about  $1,100,  of  which  $999.50  was  paid  from  a  spe- 
cial legislative  appropriation  for  this  purpose  (chap.  204,  laws 
of  1899).  The  work  was  executed  witli  as  much  celerity  as 
weather  and  the  conditions  of  the  undertaking  would  permit, 
without  the  loss  of  a  volume,  and  with  but  a  few  minor  injuries 
to  museum  exhibits.  It  is  j^erhaps  needless  to  add,  that  such  re- 
sults could  not  have  been  attained  without  the  most  ample  prepa- 
rations for  the  event,  involving  much  time  and  thought  through- 
out several  months  before  tlie  removal  actually  began. 

Duplication  of  Catalogue. 

In  a  library  of  this  size,  it  is  essential  that  there  be  two  card 
catalogues — one  in  the  catalogue  room,  for  official  use,  and  the 
other  in  the  delivery  (or  issue)  room  for  the  needs  of  the  pub- 
lic. Heretofore,  we  have  felt  obliged  to  remain  content  with 
the  official  catalogue ;  but  it  is  now  imperative,  with  our  greatly 
enlarged  constituency  of  readers,  and  longer  distances  to  travel 
within  the  building,  that  the  public  catalogue  be  installed  at  the 
earliest  possible  date.  The  great  work  of  duplicating  the  cards 
was  commenced  several  months  ago,  while  still  in  the  capitol, 
and  is  now  receiving  the  almost  constant  attention  of  four  cata- 
loguers. Our  catalogue  is  in  two  divisions — authors,  and  sub- 
jects and  titles ;  the  cards  in  the  author  section,  being  the  only 
ones  thus  far  fully  marked  with  classification  numbers,  have 
first  been  duplicated,  the  work  having  now  proceeded  through 
Q,  and  being  well  into  K.  As  fast  as  the  duplicate  cards  are 
written,  they  are  placed  in  the  public  catalogue,  where  eventu- 
ally all  of  the  entries — subjects  and  titles,  as  well  as  authors 
— will  be  embraced  in  a  general  dictionary  catalogue,  with 


24  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

one  alphabet.  To  the  completion  of  this  task,  it  is  probable  that 
two  years  more  time  must  be  devoted. 

Owing  to  differences  in  the  respective  systems  of  classifica- 
tion, it  will  be  impracticable  at  present  to  combine  our  public 
catalogue  with  that  of  the  State  University  library,  which  is 
also  in  the  delivery  room.  Readers  will  be  obliged  to  consult 
two  alphabets ;  but,  as  the  two  libraries  are  quite  strongly  differ- 
entiated in  character,  it  is  not  anticipated  that  this  will  result 
in  much  hardship  to  users. 

The  institution  in  our  building  of  several  departmental  libra- 
ries,— Public  Documents,  Maps  and  Manuscripts,  Newspaper 
Files,  and  Genealogy  and  Art, — will  necessitate  the  placing 
therein  of  those  portions  of  the  public  catalogue  appertaining  to 
their  respective  fields,  with  possibly  cross-references  in  the  gen- 
eral public  catalogue  in  the  delivery  room. 

Manuscripts. 

In  the  department  of  Maps  and  Manuscripts,  where  also  is 
kept  the  Society's  large  collection  of  photographs  and  engrav- 
ings, a  special  card  catalogue  is  much  needed ;  and  it  is  hoped 
that  within  the  coming  year  we  may  be  able  to  commence  the 
much-needed  indexing  of  the  Draper  manuscripts.  The  great 
value  of  these  manuscrij^ts,  together  with  similar  large  collec- 
tions in  our  possession,  is  becoming  more  evident  as  the  years 
pass ;  they  are  in  almost  continual  demand  by  those  engaged  in 
original  research  in  the  field  of  Western  history,  who  come  to 
Madison  from  long  distances,  for  the  purpose  of  consulting  these 
unique  records ;  and  the  secretary's  mail  is  burdened  with  letters 
of  inquiry  concerning  them.  To  index  our  great  store  of  manu- 
scripts will  involve  years  of  expert  toil ;  but  in  the  end,  it  will 
be  found  well  worth  the  cost,  in  time  saved  to  the  scholars  who 
seek  the  information  which  they  alone  can  give. 

Binding. 

There  have  been  bound  within  the  year,  1,918  volumes  of 
books  and  periodicals,  635  volumes  of  newspapers, — a  total 
of  2,553.  The  preparation  of  these  for  the  bindery  has  in  it- 
self been  a  work  of  considerable  proportions. 


REPORT   OF    EXECUTIVE   COMMITTEE.  25 

OFFICE  WOBK. 

2'he  New  Building. 

During  the  year  a  large  part  of  the  time  of  the  secretary  and 
librarian  has  been  consumed  in  attention  to  details  of  the  con- 
struction and  equipment  of  the  new  building.  These  matters 
are  now  fast  drawing  to  a  conclusion ;  it  is  hoped  that  before  the 
close  of  the  winter  we  may  become  finally  settled  in  our  new 
home,  so  that  the  time  and  effort  long  diverted  into  these  chan- 
nels may  thereafter  be  spent  in  work  more  strictly  appertaining 
to  the  Society's  activities. 

Association  Meetings* 

From  the  seventh  to  the  twelfth  of  June,  the  American  Li- 
brary association  met  in  Montreal,  our  representatives  being 
the  secretary,  the  librarian,  and  two  of  the  library  assistants. 
To  this  association  is  largely  attributable  the  remarkable  devel- 
opment of  library  interests  in  the  United  States  and  Canada, 
particularly  during  the  past  decade.  Regular  attendance  upon 
its  conferences  is  an  inspiration  to  librarians,  consequently  of 
practical  value  to  the  institutions  which  they  represent. 

It  is  with  great  pleasure  that  we  are  able  to  announce  to  the 
Society  that  this  important  national  organization  will  hold  its 
next  annual  conference  in  Waukesha,  during  the  first  week  of 
July,  1901.  The  association  would  have  much  liked  to  come  to 
Madison  for  this  meeting,  but  decided  that  the  hotel  accommo- 
dations here  were  insufficient  for  its  needs.  The  librarians  will, 
however,  spend  one  day  in  Madison,  visiting  libraries  at  the  cap- 
ital, and  another  in  Milwaukee,  the  guests  of  the  librarians  of 
the  metropolis.  As  the  Society's  building  will  be  the  chief  at- 
traction to  the  visitors  in  Madison,  it  is  incimibent  upon  us  to 
take  part  in  their  entertainment. 

Upon  the  first  of  August,  an  interesting  Marquette  memorial 
meeting,  attended  by  representatives  of  several  Western  histor- 
ical societies,  was  held  upon  Mackinac  Island,  under  the 
auspices  of  the  Marquette  Monument  association.  The  secre- 
tary of  this  Society  was  present  by  invitation. 
3 


26  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

The  Wisconsin  Library  association,  of  which  our  assistant 
librarian  was  secretary,  held  its  annual  convention  this  year  at 
Madison,  from  the  twenty-ninth  to  the  thirty-first  of  Angiist. 
Our  staff  was  represented  upon  the  programme,  and  all  its 
members  actively  engaged  in  preparations  for  the  meeting, 
which  was  largely  attended  from  all  portions  of  the  state. 

State  Field  Work. 

Despite  fast-increasing  administrative  duties,  the  secretary 
has,  in  the  interests  of  the  Society,  been  able,  within  the  year,  to 
visit  various  sections  of  the  state;  to  address  public  meetings 
or  consult  with  citizens  concerning  the  organization  of  local  his- 
torical societies,  to  collect  manuscripts  and  other  material  for 
the  archives  and  the  published  Collections,  Or  to  serve  the  gen- 
eral interests  of  Western  historical  study. 

FIELD    CONVENTIONS. 

It  had  been  the  intention  of  the  committee  on  historical  con- 
ventions to  hold  another  field  meeting  during  the  summer  of 
1900,  either  at  Portage  or  La  Crosse.  The  project  was  aban- 
doned, however,  because  it  was  deemed  desirable  to  centre  our 
efforts  upon  the  dedication  of  the  new  building,  and  a  field  meet- 
ing might  have  distracted  public  attention  therefrom.  The 
committee  intend  to  make  such  preparations  for  the  convention 
of  1901,  as  will,  they  trust,  insure  a  successful  outcome.  The 
experiences  gained  in  1899  prove  that  such  annual  conventions 
held  at  historic  points  within  the  state,  will  greatly  assist  the 
work  of  the  Society  in  arousing  popular  interest  in  local  history. 

LOCAL  HISTORICAL  SOCIETIES, 

Under  the  provisions  of  chapter  118,  laws  of  1897,  revised 
in  chapter  24,  statutes  of  1898  (sees.  376a,  376b,  376c,  376d, 
and  376e),  two  local  historical  societies  have  formally  allied 
themselves  with  this  Society  as  auxiliaries — the  Green  Bay  His- 
torical society  (incorporated  October  23,  1899),  and  the  Ripon 
Historical  society  (incorporated  November  8,  1899).  Both  of 
these  societies  continue  to  show  evidences  of  thrift  and  public 


REPORT  OF  EXECUTIVE  COMMITTEE.  27 

spirit.     Reports  of  their  proceedings  will  appear  in  connection, 
with  that  of  this  Society  for  the  current  year. 

Other  local  societies  within  the  state,  would  be  cordially  wel- 
comed to  our  ranks. 

PUBLICATIONS. 

Volume  XV  of  the  Wisconsin  Historical  Collections  is  now 
being  issued  from  the  press.  It  contains  a  variety  of  document- 
ary and  other  material  bearing  upon  the  history  of  Wisconsin 
from  1793  to  1848.  Much  space  is  devoted  to  documents 
concerning  the  formation  of  the  Presbyterian  and  Methodist 
churches  in  early  Wisconsin ;  in  previous  volumes  of  the  series, 
the  facts  attending  the  establishment  of  the  Catholic  and  Epis- 
copalian denominations  have  been  quite  fully  set  forth.  An  in- 
teresting feature  of  the  present  volume,  is  Mrs.  Elizabeth 
Therese  Baird's  charming  ''Reminiscences  of  Life  in  Territorial 
Wisconsin."  Theodore  Rodolf  tells  us  of  "Pioneering  in  the 
Wisconsin  Lead  Region,"  from  1834  to  1848.  Franklin  Hathe- 
way's  "Surveying  in  Wisconsin  in  1837"  is  necessarily  a  briefer 
sketch,  but  of  kindred  character.  The  "Report  on  the  Quality 
and  Condition  of  Wisconsin  Territory,"  made  in  1831  by  Sam- 
uel C.  Stambaugh,  United  States  Indian  agent  at  Green  Bay, 
conveys  an  economic  and  geographical  description  of  Wisconsin 
as  it  appeared  to  an  intelligent  official  observer  five  years  be- 
fore the  actual  organization  of  the  territory.  A  keenly  inter- 
esting contribution  to  the  literature  of  foreign  immigration,  is 
Mathias  Duerst's  "Diary  of  a  New  Glarus  Colonist."  The  fur 
trade  and  overland  mail-carrying  features  of  our  early  terri- 
torial and  pre-territorial  life  are  represented  by  the  simple  but 
effective  narratives  of  Louis  B.  Porlier,  Alexis  Clermont,  and 
Peter  J.  Vieau.  It  is  intended  that  Vol.  XVI  shall  be  devoted 
to  documents  bearing  upon  the  old  Fox  war  in  Wisconsin,  re- 
cently copied  for  the  Society  from  the  originals  in  the  French 
governmental  archives  in  Paris. 

A  memorial  volume  is  now  being  prepared  for  the  press,  which 
will  contain  the  several  addresses  delivered  at  the  dedication 
on  October  19th,  a  history  of  the  Society,  and  a  description  of 
the  building.     It  will  be  profusely  illustrated  by  half-tone  en- 


28  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

gravings,  and  it  is  expected  that  the  mechanical  execution  will 
be  worthy  of  the  occasion. 

Two  special  editions  of  Mr.  Charles  Francis  Adams's  dedi- 
cation address,  aggregating  3,000  copies,  were  published  by  that 
gentleman  at  his  own  expense,  and  distributed  by  the  Society 
to  persons  and  institutions  in  this  country  and  Canada,  who  were 
presumably  interested  in  the  occasion. 

Requests  for  our  publications  are  constantly  on  the  increase, 
thus  testifying  to  the  steady  growth  of  interest  in  historic  study 
within  this  state.  The  first  nine  volumes  of  our  Collections 
can  no  longer  be  supplied,  and  the  stock  of  all  others  is  running 
so  low  that  great  care  has  to  be  exercised  in  their  distribution. 
The  people  of  the  state  would,  we  believe,  now  welcome  a  legis- 
lative appropriation  for  their  re-printing,  in  order  that  Wiscon- 
sin schools  and  teachers,  especially,  might  be  supplied  with  these 
materials  for  the  history  of  the  commonwealth. 

THE  MUSEUM. 

The  new  quarters  of  the  museum  are  in  keeping  with  the  rest 
of  the  building,  and  appear  particularly  well  when  arti- 
ficially lighted.  It  is  now  possible  to  classify  the  exhibits,  in 
appropriate  and  beautiful  cases,  and  the  general  effect  is  great- 
ly to  enhance  the  educational  value  and  dignitv  of  the  collection. 
Separate  halls  are  provided  for  the  sections  of  American  eth- 
nology, Wisconsin  war  history,  framed  photographs  and  engrav- 
ings, bric-a-brac,  and  curiosities,  while  the  walls  are  lined 
throughout  with  the  Society's  numerous  oil  portraits  and  busts. 

In  the  art  department  a  large  collection  of  oils,  water  colors, 
etchings,  bronzes,  china,  etc.,  is  now  on  exhibition,  being  loaned 
by  President  and  Mi-s.  Charles  Kendall  Adams  during  their 
year's  absence  in  Europe.  In  the  department  of  ethnology, 
loan  collections  owned  by  Fred  DuFrenne,  of  Middleton,  and 
Dr.  Charles  H.  Hall,  of  Madison,  have  recentlv  been  placed  in 
our  care,  for  an  indefinite  period. 

Now  that  the  Society  has  room  for  the  display  of  such  private 
collections,  it  is  believed  that  many  other  persons  having  objects 
of  art  or  of  historical  interest  fitted  for  exhibition  will  offer  to 
loan  the  same.   Such  J'^an  collections  are  to  a  considerable  degree 


REPORT  OF  EXECUTIVE  COMMITTEE.  29 

depended  upon  by  public  museums,  and  have  the  advantage  of 
furnishing  fresh  material  for  the  entertainment  of  visitors. 

We  still  need,  however,  increased  means  for  permanent  ad- 
ditions to  the  museum.  Such  of  our  funds  as  are  derived  from 
the  public  treasury  will  doubtless  always  be  used,  almost  ex- 
clusively, to  meet  the  expenses  of  administration  and  to  build 
up  the  library.  It  is  likely  that  we  shall  continually  be  obliged 
to  rely  upon  our  special  funds  and  upon  private  beneficence  for 
the  proper  development  of  the  museum.  Despite  the  wide  repu- 
tation of  our  library  and  publications,  the  museum  is  the  depart- 
ment of  our  work  which  chiefly  appeals  to  the  general  public; 
and  its  importance  as  a  factor  in  popular  education  is  not  to 
be  overestimated.  It  behooves  us,  therefore,  to  strain  every 
effort  to  secure  the  considerable  gro^Hh  of  the  Antiquarian 
Fund,  and  to  enlist  interest  in  our  museum  on  the  part  of  the 
wealthy  and  the  benevolent. 

THE  BUILDII«fG  PRACTICALLY  COMPLETED. 

The  board  of  building  commissioners  has  experienced  a  busy 
year,  as  the  various  contracts  have  been  pushed  to  practical  com- 
pletion. 

Upon  the  eighth  of  February,  contracts  were  let  as  follows: 
Furniture,  to  the  Matthews  Bros.  Manufacturing  Co.,  of  Mil- 
waukee, for  $36,000;  chairs,  A.  H.  Andrews  Co.,  of  Chicago, 
$4,875 ;  metal  newspaper  stacks  and  book  supports.  Art  Metal 
Construction  Co.,  of  Jamestown,  X.  Y.,  $8,239.50 ;  cement  side- 
walks and  sodding,  J.  W.  Mitchell,  of  Madison,  $3,800:  and 
cork  carpet  and  shades,  Gimbel  Brothers,  of  Milwaukee,  $1,931. 
Upon  the  seventeenth  of  February,  the  contract  for  the  retain- 
ing wall  on  Park  street  was  let  to  T.  C.  McCarthy,  of  Madison, 
for  $3,419.  May  12th,  George  H.  Wheeloek  &  Co.,  of  South 
Bend,  Indiana,  were  contracted  with  for  4,100  electric  lamps 
needed  for  the  building,  for  $66Q.  May  31st,  a  final  settle- 
ment was  made  with  Harry  Johnson,  the  contractor  for  general 
construction,  he  assigning  to  the  board  all  incompleted  sub-con- 
tracts, and  being  discharged  from  further  obligation.  Septem- 
ber 19th,  the  contract  for  asbestos  sponge  felted  sectional  pipe 
covering  was  let  to  the  Manville  Covering  Co.,  of  Milwaukee, 


30  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

for  $802.90.  October  18th,  J.  W.  Mitchell,  of  Madison,  secured 
the  contract  to  construct  a  driveway  in  front  of  the  building, 
with  necessary  extension  of  cement  walks,  the  consideration 
bein^  $350. 

The  custody  and  administration  of  the  building  itself  was 
finally  transferred  by  the  board  to  the  Society,  upon  the  first 
of  October,  the  former  reserving,  however,  "all  authority  neces- 
sary to  its  final  completion  and  equipment.''  Since  that  date, 
the  Society  has  been  in  full  possession,  although  the  equipment 
is  still  incomplete  in  some  particulars,  and  several  minor  con- 
tracts are  yet  to  be  finished ;  most  prominent  among  these  latter, 
is  the  proposed  automatic  house  telephone  exchange,  of  which 
there  are  to  be  thirty-seven  stations,  thus  insuring  facility  of 
communication  between  all  parts  of  the  building. 

It  is  proper  in  this  connection  to  chronicle  the  following  reso- 
lution of  confidence  in  the  architects,  adopted  by  the  Board  of 
Commissioners  at  its  meeting  of  October  19th: 

Resolved,  That  this  commission  hereby  records  its  appreciation  of 
the  talent,  skill,  and  taste,  of  Messrs.  George  B.  Ferry  and  Alfred  C. 
Clas,  of  Milwaukee,  the  architects  who  designed  and  have  superin- 
tended the  construction  and  equipment  of  the  noble  building  provided 
by  the  state  for  the  State  Historical  Society;  a  structure  not  only  well 
adapted  to  its  purposes,  but,  in  the  beauty  and  majesty  of  its  design, 
an  illiTStration  of  the  public  spirit  of  the  people  of  Wisconsin  and  an 
object  lesson  in  architecture  to  this  and  later  generations;  and  that 
the  thanks  of  this  Commission  are  hereby  given  to  Messrs.  Ferry  & 
Clas  for  their  labors  and  achievements. 

EXPENSES  OF   MAINTENANCE. 

The  committee  on  joint  relations  with  the  State  University 
met  in  joint  session  with  a  like  committee  from  the  board  of 
regents  upon  the  seventeenth  of  April,  1900,  and  agreed  to  the 
following  assigTiment  of  space  to  the  University  library,  in  the 
Society's  new  building: 

Basement — Room  2,  for  bicycles;  joint  use  of  unpacking  rooms  1 
and  4;  freight  elevator  to  stacks;  closets  17,  18,  and  22. 

First  F7oor— Seminary  rooms  120,  121,  122,  123,  125,  127;  until 
needed  by  State  Free  Library  commission,  room  118;  and  storage  room 
117;  toilet  rooms  111,  112,  114,  and  115. 


REPORT  OF  EXECUTIVE  COMMITTEE. 


31 


Second  Floor — Joint  use  of  reading  and  delivery  rooms,  Nos.  216, 
217,  and  227;  specifically  for  University  use,  library  offices  218,  220, 
222,  223,  224,  225,   226. 

Third  Floor — Free  use,  with  the  Society,  of  room  300,  as  historical 
lecture  hall;  room  302  is  assigned  to  the  Academy  of  Sciences,  in  con- 
nection with  such  use  as  the  Society  may  make  thereof;  use  of 
toilet  rooms  303  and  304;  joint  use,  for  women  of  two  library  staffs, 
of  staff  room  306;  seminary  rooms  316,  317,  319,  322,  324,  325;  and 
janitor's  room  321. 

Fourth  Floor — Room  423,  presumably  for  plaster  cast  exhibit;  such 
other  space  as  can  be  temporarily  spared  from  museum  and  gallery  of 
the  Society  (possibly  rooms  419  and  422),  and  joint  use  of  photo- 
graphic dark  room  412. 

Stack — Equitable  division  thereof,  according  to  relative  needs,  as 
may  be  agreed  upon  between  chiefs  of  respective  libraries. 

It  was  mutually  agreed  that  the  Society  undertake  the  re- 
sponsibility of  cleaning  and  policing  tlie  entire  building,  includ- 
ing rooms  specifically  assigned  to  the  University. 

In  view  of  the  fact  that  the  Universiry  library  and  seminaries 
were  given  so  much  space  within  the  building  for  their  ex- 
clusive occupancy,  and  that  about  95  per  cent  of  the  entire  use 
of  the  Society's  library  and  the  services  of  its  library  staff  is 
by  members  of  the  University,  it  was  arranged  that  the  board 
of  regents  pay  fifty  per  cent  of  the  charges  of  general  main- 
tenance, which  include  heat,  power,  light,  water,  repairs,  janitor- 
ship,  and  janitors'  supplies.  It  is  estimated  that  the  total  cost 
of  such  maintenance  will  be  about  $12,000  per  annum,  one- 
half  being  charged  to  each  institution,  with  quarterly  balances. 
This  is,  of  course,  exclusive  of  the  Society's  own  administra- 
tive expenses. 

The  regents  endorsed  this  action  at  their  meeting  of  April 
21st;  and  your  committee,  acting  for  the  Society,  accepted  the 
arrangement  upon  the  sixth  of  October,  "reserving  the  right  of 
future  modification,  should  it  l)e  deemed  advisable." 

DEDICATIOX  OF  THE  BUILDIXG. 

The  first  public  use  of  the  new  building  occurred  upon  the 
opening  day  of  the  present  college  year  of  the  State  Univer- 
sity— Wednesday,  the  twenty-sixth  of  September;  evening  use 


32  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

was  inaugurated  upon  the  following  Monday,  the  first  of  Octo- 
ber. 

The  formal  dedication  exercises  were  held  upon  Friday,  the 
nineteenth  of  October.  An  audience  of  900  persons — compris- 
ing members  of  the  Society,  state  officers  and  members  of  the 
legislature,  members  of  the  instructional  force  of  the  State  Uni- 
versity, and  other  educational  institutions  in  Wisconsin,  to- 
gether with  invited  guests  from  outside  the  state — gathered  in 
the  general  reading  room,  with  President  Johnston  in  the  chair, 
and  listened  to  the  following  programme : 

Invocation — James  Davie  Butler,  LL.  D. 

Address — President  Johnston. 

A  Word  from  the  Builders — The  Hon.  James  H.  Stout,  President  of 

the  Board  of  Building  Commissioners. 
Dedication  Hymn,  by  Mrs.  Charles  Kendall  Adams — Sung  by  double 

quartette  of  State  University  students. 
The  State  and  the  Society — The  Hon.  Edward  Scofield,  Governor  of 

Wisconsin. 
The  University  and  the  Society — Charles  Kendall  Adams,  LL.  D., 

President  of  the  University  of  Wisconsin. 
The  Society — Reuben  Gold  Thwaites,  Secretary  and  Superintendent. 
Greetings    from    Sister    Historical    Societies — The    Hon.    Charles 

Francis  Adams,  LL.  D.,  President  of  the  Massachusetts  Historical 

Society. 
Song — Double  quartette  of  University  students. 
Greetings  from   Sister  Libraries — James   Kendall  Hosmer,   LL.   D., 

Librarian  of  the  Minneapolis  Public  Library. 
On  the  Teaching  of  History — Prof.  Andrew  Cunningham  McLaugh- 
lin, of  the  University  of  Michigan,  Chairman  of  the   American 

Historical  Association's  Committee  of  Seven,  on  the  Teaching  of 

History  in  Secondary  Schools. 

At  eight  o'clock  in  the  evening,  a  similar  audience  w^as  as- 
sembled in  the  same  room,  and  listened  to  an  address  entitled 
"The  Sifted  Grain  and  the  Grain  Sifters,"  by  the  Hon.  Charles 
Francis  Adams,  of  Massachusetts, 

This  was  followed  by  an  informal  reception  by  the  Society, 
in  the  course  of  w^hich  the  visitors  inspected  the  building. 

As  before  stated,  a  detailed  report  of  the  exercises  will  be  is- 
sued by  the  Society. 


REPORT    OF    EXECUTIVE    COMMITTEE.  33 


KETBOSPECT. 


It  is  now  fifty-five  years  ago  since  Richard  H.  Magoon  first 
suggested  in  the  Mineral  Point  Democrat,  the  establishment  in 
Wisconsin  Territory  of  an  liistorical  society  '*to  collect  from  the 
pioneers  then  alive,  snch  facts  in  regard  to  the  early  history  of 
Wisconsin  as  they  might  possess,  as  well  as  to  treasure  up  those 
concerning  the  future."  The  Massachusetts  Historical  society, 
the  oldest  of  its  kind  in  America,  was  then  younger  than  is  ours 
today ;  there  were  similar  societies  in  I^ew  York,  Philadelphia, 
and  a  few  other  cities  upon  the  Atlantic  slope,  but  no  successful 
institution  of  this  character  west  of  the  Alleghanies.  Magoon's 
suggestion  and  the  cordial  reception  which  it  received,  in  a  then 
frontier  community,  far  removed  from  the  centres  of  culture, 
were  indicative  of  the  high  character  of  the  men  who  laid  the 
foundations  of  our  commonwealth. 

The  following  year  (1846),  the  proposed  society  Avas  or- 
ganized at  Madison.  Its  members,  all  of  them  men  of  prom- 
inence, and  apparently  in  cordial  sympathy  with  the  project, 
were,  however,  too  busy  solving  for  themselves  the  difficult  prob- 
lem of  individual  existence,  to  spare  time  for  a  public  under- 
taking for  which  Wisconsin  was  as  yet  unprepared.  No  records 
of  the  three  meetings  were  kept,  no  money  paid  into  the  treasury 
— in  short,  nothing  was  accomplished. 

Upon  the  thirtieth  of  January,  1849,  a  new  historical  society 
was  organized,  chiefly  by  state  officers  and  members  of  the  legis- 
lature. This  second  attempt  was  made  with  more  determina- 
tion than  the  first;  the  proceedings  were  recorded,  dues  paid, 
the  annual  addresses  published,  and  a  library  commenced — a 
meagre  affair,  aggregating  in  five  years  but  fifty  volumes,  never- 
theless the  nucleus  of  our  great  collection  of  today,  and  fairly 
filling  the  little  book-case  which  stood  upon  a  table  in  the  gov- 
ernor's office  and  now  occupies  a  proud  place  in  our  present 
museum. 

There  were  members  who  regretted  this  stunted  growth,  and 
longed  for  speedier  expansion.  Lyman  C.  Draper  was  im- 
ported from  Philadelphia  to  become  the  Society's  executive 
officer;  and  upon  the  eighteenth  of  January,  1854,  began  here 


34  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

in  Madison  his  great  work  of  collecting  the  library  which  has 
won  fame  for  the  Wisconsin  Historical  Society.  The  little 
book-case  was  within  a  few  weeks  discarded,  and  the  library 
moved  to  Draper's  house ;  a  year  and  a  half  later,  it  was  pro- 
moted to  the  basement  of  the  Baptist  church ;  eleven  years  after 
(1866),  the  legislature  invited  the  library  and  its  attendant 
museum  to  the  capitol;  in  December,  1884,  the  fast-swelling 
collections  were  removed  to  the  new  south  wing  of  the  capitol, 
where  they  occupied  three  entire  floors,  which  were  soon  out- 
grown ;  today,  the  dream  of  Draper,  first  revealed  to  us  a  quarter 
of  a  century  ago,  is  at  last  realized — the  Society  is  holding  an 
annual  meeting  under  its  own  roof -tree. 

It  is  only  by  remembering  that  in  1881,  Secretary  Draper 
asked  the  legislature  for  but  $50,000  with  which  to  construct 
what  he  fondly  hoped  would  prove  a  permanent  independent 
home  for  this  institution,  that  we  can  appreciate  the  full  sig- 
nificance of  what  the  Society  possesses  today.  It  was  for  many 
reasons,  extremely  fortunate  for  this  generation  that  he  then 
failed.  The  structure  which  could  have  been  erected  for  such  a 
sum,  would  soon  have  proved  entirely  inadequate  to  the  fast- 
growing  needs  of  the  institution;  yet  it  would  have  been  very 
difficult  to  obtain  another  in  so  brief  a  time.  The  state  was 
not  then  prepared  to  erect  a  building  worthy  of  it  and  of  the 
Society;  again,  no  architect  of  that  time  could  have  designed 
one  fitted  to  the  present  multifarious  needs  of  a  great  literary 
workshop,  for  library  architecture,  as  we  know  it  today,  is  an 
outgrowth  of  the  remarkable  library  development  which  has 
taken  place  throughout  the  United  States  during  the  past  ten 
or  fifteen  yeare ;  and,  quite  as  important,  our  friend  and  neigh- 
bor, and  most  constant  user^  the  University,  had  not  then  come 
to  its  own,  with  thousands  of  students  engaged  in  laboratory 
methods  of  research,  using  the  library  as  the  central  energy  of  a 
great  educational  machine.  During  this  long  period  of  waiting, 
the  Society  has,  with  other  state  institutions,  been  sharing  in 
the  splendid  growi;h  of  our  lusty  young  commonwealth.  The 
activities  of  the  Society  have  spread  into  wider  channels ;  its 
capacity  for  usefulness  has  greatly  increased,  as  an  instrument 
for  the  higher  education  of  the  people;  its  reputation  in  the 


REPORT   OF    EXECUTIVE   COMMITTEE.  35 

world  of  scholarship  has  broadened ;  it  better  understands  itself. 
When  the  state,  the  University,  the  Society,  were  at  last  ready 
for  this  dignified  temple  of  learning,  it  came  to  us  as  the  gener- 
ous offering  of  an  appreciative  public,  neither  too  late  nor  too 
soon. 

In  entering  upon  its  administration,  after  long  years  of 
pleading  followed  by  a  protracted  season  of  expectancy,  the  So- 
ciety accepts  the  trust  with  sentiments  of  sincere  gratitude  to 
the  two  governors  (TJpham  and  Scofield)  and  the  three  legisla- 
tures (1895,  1897  and  1899)  who  have  so  bountifully  met  its 
desire ;  they  have  herein  builded  for  themselves  and  for  the 
love  of  learning  which  animated  them,  a  monument  which  shall 
endure  through  ages  to  come. 

As  members  of  the  Society,  however,  it  is  obvious  that  the 
new  building  comes  not  as  the  ultimatum  of  our  hopes.  This 
greater  trust  brings  new  responsibilities,  awakens  higher  as- 
pirations, to  the  fulfillment  of  which  we  must  devote  our  best 
energies,  if  this  institution  is  to  do  its  full  share  in  the  intellect- 
ual uplift  of  the  Middle  West. 

On  behalf  of  the  Executive  Committee, 

Reubex  G.  Thwaites, 
Secretary  and  Superintendent. 


36  WISCONSIN   HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 


REPORT    OF    FINANCE    COMMITTEE. 

To  the  Honorable  Executive  Committee  of  the  State  Historical 
Society  of  Wisconsin: — Your  committee  on  finance  have  respect- 
fully to  report  that  upon  the  resignation  of  the  late  treasurer, 
Mr.  Proudfit,  October  1st  last,  his  accounts,  books,  and  vouchers- 
were  examined,  reported  to  you,  and  duly  approved. 

From  that  dat«  the  accompanying  report  of  the  present  treas- 
urer, Mr.  Hanks,  has  been  compared  with  its  vouchers,  and  like- 
wise found  correct.  Combining  the  statement  of  the  two  treas- 
urers, the  result  of  the  past  fiscal  year  is  as  follows : 

Of  mortgage  loans  on  hand    (including  a  contract  to  sell 
what  has  been  termed  "the  Jackson  county  land")  there 
are  mortgage  securities,  an  increase  of  $800.00     .         .  $29,525  00' 
Draper  homestead   (unchanged)  .....       2,378  14 

The  St.  Paul  lots  (unchanged) 580  54 

Balance  of  cash  on  hand*  .......       1,835  86 

Total $34,319  54 

Which  has  been  apportioned  as  it  properly  belongs: 

To  the  binding  fund $29,406  47 

To  the  antiquarian   fund    .         .         .         .         .         .         .  3,981  48- 

To  the  binding  fund  income       .         .         .         .         .'        .  268  29 

To  the  Draper  fund 360  90- 

To  the  general  fund 302  40 

Total *  .  $34,319  54 

Sixteen  years  ago  your  committee  made  such  rules  governing 
the  investment  of  the  Society's  funds  and  the  security  therefor, 
as  to  thus  far  protect  it  from  loss,  since  which  time  no  loss  has 
occurred,  and  none  is  anticipated  from  loans  outstanding. 

The  binding  fund  was  then $10,886  76 

Which  has  increased  to  this  date  ....     18,520  21 

Making  it  now,  as  stated  above       .         .         .   $29,406  97 

*  The  item  of  "Cash  on  hand,"  does  not  include  that  in  the  keeping 
of  the  state  treasurer,  which  we  are  informed  is  $1,472.31;  over  which, 
it  has  been  ruled,  your  finance  committee  has  no  control,  consequently 
Is  not  responsible  for  its  accounting. 


REPORT   OF    FINANCE    COMMITTEE.  T^J 

In  conclusion,  your  committee  beg  leave  to  suggest  that  the 
largely-increased  appropriation  by  the  state  for  the  care  and 
maintenance  of  the  library  in  its  new  home,  is  properly  placed 
in  the  immediate  supervision  of  the  executive  committee.  The 
finance  committee  having  no  direction  or  knowledge  of  this  fund 
or  its  expenditure,  should  not  be  the  one  to  examine  the  books, 
papers,  and  vouchers,  for  its  annual  accounting,  and  the  usual 
report  thereon,  together  with  the  report  of  the  treasurer. 
Respectfully  submitted, 

N.  B.  Van  Slyke, 
W.  A.  P.  Morris, 
J.  H.  Palmer, 
December  13,  1900.  Finance  Committee. 


38  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 


TREASURERS'   REPORTS. 

TEEASUREB  PEOUDFIT. 

Report  of  the  treasurer  for  the  ten  months  ending  September 
30th,  1900 : 

Binding  Fund  Income  Account. 

The  Treasurer,  Dr. 

1899.  * 

Dec.     1.      To  balance  unexpended      ".         .         .         .         .  $176  62 

1900. 

Sept.  30.     To  received  rents.  Draper  homestead 

To  received  ^2  annual   dues 

To  received  I/2  sales  of  duplicates 

To  received  %  life  membership  fees 

To  received  interest  apportionment   . 


The  Treasurer,  Cr. 

1900. 

Jan.  19.  By  paid  taxes,  1899,  on  Lot  1,  Block 
2,  of  Bryant's  Randolph  st.  addi- 
tion,  St.   Paul,   Minnesota         .  $8  38 

Jan.  24.     By     paid     street     improvement     tax, 

Draper  homestead,  Madison   .         .  134  78 

Sept.  30.     By  expenditures    during    year    under 
direction  of  secretary,  account  an- 
nual appropriation  .         .         .  675  01 
By   expended   on   account   of   Draper 

homestead   repairs 
By  transferred  to  binding  fund 
By    balance     (unexpended)     account 
annual  appropriation 


1900. 

Oct.      1.     To  balance  .         .         .         .         .         $501  61 


$300  00 

53  00 

10  22 

60  00 

1,527  80 

1,951  02 

$2,127  64 

12 

65 

795 

21 

501 

6] 

$2,127 

64 

REPORT   OF   TREASURER.  39 

Binding  Fund. 

The  Treasurer,  Dr. 

1899. 

Dec.     1.     To  balance $28,821  23 

1900. 

Sept.  30.  To  transferred  from  binding  fund  in- 
come account  ....  795  21 

129,616  44 

The  Treasurer,  Cr. 

1900. 

May  5.  By  29-33rds  of  loss  of  $328.39  in  sale 
to  J.  A.  Bailey,  for  $900,  of  the  W. 
J.  Thompson  land,  Jackson  co., 
near  Black  River  Falls  .  .  .         $288  59 

Sept.  30.     By   balance 29,327  85 

$29,616  44 


1900. 

Oct.      1.     To  balance $29,327  85 


Antiquarian  Fund  Income  Account. 

The  Treasurer,  Dr. 

1900. 

Sept.  30.     To  received  %  annual  dues       .         .  53  00 

To  received  ^^  sales  of  duplicates     .  10  23 

To  received  i^.  life    membership    fees  60  00 

To  received  interest  apportionment  .  210  73 


$333  96 


The  Treasurer,  Cr. 

1900. 

Sept.  30.     By  transferred  to  antiquarian  fund  .  .  .  $333  96 


Antiquarian  Fund. 
The  Treasurer,  Dr. 
1899. 

Dec.     1.    To  balance $3,625  69 

1900. 

Sept.  30.     To     transferred      from      antiquarian 

fund    income   account      .  .  •  333  96 


$3,959  65 


40 


WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY, 


The  Treasurer,  Cr. 

1900. 

May     5.     By  4-33rds  of  loss  of  $328.39  in  sale 

to  J.  A.  Bailey,  for  $900,  of  the  W.  J. 

Thompson  land,   Jackson  co.,   near 


Black  River  Falls 

$39  80 

Sept.  30. 

By  balance         .... 

3,919  85 

1900. 

Oct.      1. 

To  balance          .... 
Draper  Fund. 

.     $3,919  85 

The  Treasurer,  Dr. 

1899. 

Sept.  30.     By  balance 


$2,959  65 


360  90 


The  Treasurer,  Cr. 

1900. 

Sept.  30.    By  balance 


360  90 


1900. 

Oct.     1.    To  balance 


$360  90 


General  Fund. 
The  Treasurer,  Dr. 
1899. 

Dec.    1.     To  balance  unexpended     .         . 
1900. 
Jan.     5.     To  part  of  annual  appropriation  from 

state $2,000  00 


$34  54 


$5,000  00 


The  Treasurer,  Cr. 
1900. 

Sept.  30.     By  expenditures  during  1900  to  date 
by    direction    of    secretary,    as    au- 
dited by  finance  committee    .         .     $4,689  96 
By  balance  unexpended     .         .         .  344  58 


$5,034  54 


$5,034  54 


REPORT   OF   TREASURER. 


41 


1900. 
Oct. 


1.     To  balance 


$344  58 


Inventory. 
Real  estate  mortgages 
Real  estate  owned: 

Draper  homestead,  Madison   . 
Lot  1.  bl.  2,  Bryant's  Randolph 
St.  addition,  St.  Paul,  Minn.   . 

Cash  on  hand     .... 

Belonging  as  follows: 

To   binding   fund 

To  antiquarian  iund    . 

To  Draper  fund  . 
*To  general  fund  unexpended 
*To  binding  fund  income  unexpended 


.    $27,825 

00 

$2,378  14 

580  54 

n    nm 

68 

z,yo8 

3,671 

11 

$o4,4d4    (» 

.   $29,327 

85 

3,919 

85 

360 

90 

344 

58 

ded   .          .           501 

61 

^^    4QJ.    AKA    7Q 

'      ^O't  f^O't       (  t7 

Respectfully  submitted, 

F.  F.  Proudfit, 

Treasurer, 


We,  undersig-ned  members  of  the  finance  committee,  respect- 
fully report  that  we  have  carefully  examined  the  foreo:oing 
report  of  the  treasurer,  have  compared  the  entries  in  liis  books 
of  account  with  vouchers,  have  examined  the  securities  reported 
on  hand,  and  the  bank  account  of  the  treasnrer,  and  we  tind  that 
the  said  report  of  the  treasurer  is  in  all  respects  full  and  ac- 
curate. 

Geo.  B.  Burrows, 

J.  II.  Palmer, 
M.  R.  DoYON, 
W.  A.  7.  ^FoRRis. 
Dated  October  3,  1900. 


*Siil)ject  to  drafts  of  secret  ary. 
4 


42  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 


TKEASURKR   HANKS. 

Report  of  treasurer  for  two  months,  ending  November  30, 
1900: 

Binding  Fund  Income  Account. 

The  Treasurer,  Dr. 

1900. 

Oct      1.     To  balance  unexpended      ......  $501  61 

Nov.  30.     To  V^  annual  dues     ....  $58  00 

To  Vi  sales  of  duplicates   ...  87 

To  interest  apportionment  (29-33rds)  19  75 


78  61 


The  Treasurer,  Cr.  ■'  $580  2? 

1900. 

Nov.  30.     By   salaries   of   supt.   and   asst.   supt. 

for  October  and  November       .  .         $233  32 

By  transferred  to  binding  fund         .  78  62 

By   balance   unexpended,    account   of 

annual' appropriation       .  .  .  268  29    * 

$580  25 


1900. 

Dec.    1.     To  balance $268  29 

Binding  Fund. 
The  Treasurer,  Dr. 
1900. 

Oct.     1.     To  balance $29,327  85 

Nov.  30.     To  transferred  from   income  account  78  62 

$29,406  47 

The  Treasurer,  Cr. 
1900. 

Nov.  30.     By  balance $29,406  47 

$29,406  47 


1900. 

Dec.     1.     To  balance  .         .         .         .         .   $29,406  47 

Antiquarian  Fund  Income  Account. 

1900. 

Nov.   30.     To  i/>  annual  dues    ....  $58  00 

To  Vj  sales   of  duplicates  .         .  88 

To  interest   apportionment         .         .  2  75 


$61  63 


REPORT    OF    TREASURER.  43 

The  Treasurer,  Cr. 

1900. 

Nov.  30.     By  transferred  to  antiquarian  fund   ...  $61  63 

Antiquarian,  Fund. 
The  Treasurer,  Dr. 
1900. 

Oct.      1.     To  balance $3,919  85 

Nov.  30.     To  transferred   from   income  account  61  63 

$3,981  48 


Tne  Treasurer,  Cr. 
1900. 

Nov.    30.     jrfy  balance $3,981  48 

1900. 

Dee.      1.     To  balance  .  .  .  .  .     $3,981  48 

Draper  Fund. 
The  Treasurer,  Dr. 
1900. 

Oct.      1.     To  balance $360  90 

The  Treasurer,  Cr. 
1900. 

Nov.    30.     By  balance $360  90 

1900. 

Dec.      1.     To  balance $360  90 

General  Fund. 
The  Treasurer,  Dr. 
1900. 

Oct.       1.     To  balance  unexpended         .  .  .  .  .         $344  uS 

The  Treasurer,  Cr. 
1900. 

Nov.    30.     By    expenditures    during    Oct.    and 
Nov.,  by  direction  of  secretary 
By  Balance         .... 


$42 

18 

302 

40 

$302 

40 

$29,525 

00 

1900. 

Dec.       1.     To  balance         .... 

Inventory. 
Real  estate  mortgages         .... 

Draper  homestead,  Madison        .     $2,378  14 
Lot  1,  blk.  2,  Bryant's  Randolph 

St.  addition,  St.  Paul,  Minn.  580  54 

■       2,958  68 

Cash  on  hand      .......       1,835  86 


$344  58 


$34,319  51 


44 


WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 


Belonging  as  follows: 
To  binding  fund 
To  antiquarian  fund 
To  Draper  fund 
*To  general  fund 
To  binding  fund  income 


$29 

,406 

47 

3 

,981 
360 
302 
268 

48 
90 
40 
29 

$34 

319 

54 

Nov.  80,  1900. 


Respectfully  submitted, 

L.  S.  Hanks, 

Treasurer. 


We,  the  undersigned  members  of  the  finance  committer?  of  the 
State  Historical  Society,  have  carefully  examined  the  foregoing 
report  of  the  treasurer,  have  compared  the  entries  in  his  books 
of  account  with  vouchers,  have  examined  the  securities  reported 
on  hand,  and  the  bank  account  of  the  treasurer,  and  we  find  that 
the  said  report  of  the  treasurer  is  in  all  respects  full  and  ac- 
curate. 

N.  B.  Van  Slyke, 

Geo.  B.  Burrows, 
J.  H.  Palmer, 
Dec.  11,  1900.  Finance  Committee. 


EEPORT    OF   EXPENDITURES   FROM    STATE    APPROPRIATION. 

Treasurer's  statement  of  expenditures  from  the  general  fund 
(state  appropriation  for  1900)  of  the  State  Historical  Society 
of  Wisconsin,  for  the  fiscal  year  ending  November  30,  1900,  as 
audited  by  the  finance  committee,  October  3  and  December  11, 
1900,  and  approved  by  the  executive  coimnittee,  December  13, 
1900. 


♦There  is,  in  addition  to  this,  in  the  state  treasury,  belong- 
ing to  tBe  general  fund        .         ... 


$1,472  31 


REPORT    OF   TREASURER. 


45 


Receipts. 
1899. 

Dec.     1.     Unexpended  balance  on  hand 

♦Received  from  state  treasurer,  during  year 


1900. 


Disbursements,  as  below 


$34  51 

5,000  00 

$5,034  54 

4,732  14 


Dec.       1.     Unexpended  balance,  in  hands  of  treasurer 


$302  40 


Disbursements. 

1899. 

Dec.  20.  C.  &  N.  W.   Ry.  Co.,  Madison,  freight 

Dec.  20.  Johanna  Dennehy,  Paris,  France,  services 

Dec.  20.  Educational  Review,   St.   John,  N.   B.,  periodical 

Dec.  20.  Henry  C.  Gerling,  Madison,  drayage 

Dec.  20.  D.  B.  Martin,  Green  Bay,  services 

Dec.  20.  W.   H.   Moore,   Brockport,  New  York,  periodicals 

Dec.  20.  F.  E.  Baker,  Madison,  services     . 

Dec.  20.  E.   A.   Hawley,   Madison,   services 

Dec.  20.  G.   R.   Sheldon,  Madison,  services 

Dec.  20.  M.  S.  Foster,  Madison,  services 

Dec.  20.  C.  G.  Price,  Madison,  services 

Dec.  20.  I.  A.  Welsh,  Madison,  services 

Dec.  20.  C.  S.  Hean,  Madison,  services 

Dec.  20.  A.  A.  Nunns,  Madison,  services 

1900. 

Jan.  10.  Amer.   Library  Assn.,   Salem,   Mass.,  publications 

Jan.  10.  C.  H.  Cooley,  treas.,  Ann  Arbor,  Mich.,  book 


$1  93 

10  38 

1  00 
5  75 

12  75 
287  47 
50  00 
50  00 
50  00 
30  00 
30  00 
25  00 

15  00 

16  68 

4  00 

2  00 


*Up  to  September  1,  1900,  the  annual  state  appropriation  to  the  So- 
ciety was  at  the  rate  of  $5,000  per  annum;  after  that,  it  was  at  the  rate 
of  $15,000  per  annum.  The  sum  of  $5,000  was  drawn  from  the  state 
treasury  by  the  treasurer  of  the  Society  in  installments  (Jan.  5  and 
June  1) ;  the  balance,  $3,333.33,  was  in  the  state  treasury  when  the  new 
system  of  state  accounting  went  into  effect  (Oct.  1).  This  balance 
was  retained  by  the  state  treasurer,  and  has  since  been  drawn  upon 
by  the  Society,  to  cover  its  current  expenses;  but  as  all  vouchers  for 
these  disbursements  remain  in  the  hands  of  the  state  authorities,  it 
remains  for  the  secretary  of  state  to  report  thereon.  The  Society's 
books  show  that  warrants  aggregating  $1,861.02  were  drawn  on  our 
account,  during  October  and  November;  thus  there  should  have  been  a 
balance  in  our  favor,  on  Dec.  1,  of  $1,472.31. — R.  G.  T. 


46 


WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 


Jan.  10.  R.  R.  Elliott,  Detroit,  Mich.,  books      . 

Jan.  10.  G.  B.  Johnson,  Burlington,  Vt,  freight  and  drayage 

Jan.  10.  Longmans,  Green  &  Co.,  New  York,  book 

Jan.  10.  A.  C.  McClurg  &  Co.,  Chicago,  books     . 

Jan.  10.  A.  C.  McClurg  &  Co.,  Chicago,  books     . 

Jan.  10.  Preston  &  Rounds,  Providence.  R.  I.,  books 

Jan.  10.  Publishers'  Weekly,  New  York,  book     . 

Jan.  10.  Pierre-Georges    Roy,    Levis,    Canada,    periodical 

Jan.  10.  H.  Sotheran  &  Co.,  London,  England,  books 

Jan.  10.  H.  Sotheran  &  Co.,  London,  England,  books 

Jan.  10.  Southern    Hist.    Assn.,    Washington,    publications 

Jan.  10.  G.  E.  Stechert,  New  York,  book 

Jan.  10.  R.  G.  Thwaites,  secy,  and  supt.,  traveling  expenses 

Jan.  10.  J.  M.  Turner,  Burlington,  book    . 

Jan.  24.  C.  &  N.  W.  Ry.  Co.,  Madison,  freight     . 

Jan.  24.  C,  M.  &  St.  P.  Ry.  Co.,  Madison,  freight 

Jan.  24.  Egypt  Exploration  Fund,  Boston,  book 

Jan.  24.  Helman-Taylor  Co.,  Cleveland,  Ohio,  book 

Jan.  24.  A.  C.  McClurg  &  Co.,  Chicago,  books 

Jan.  24.  A.  C.  McClurg  &  Co.,  Chicago,  books 

Jan.  24.  A.  C.  McClurg  &  Co.,  Chicago,  book 

Jan.  24.  E.  A.  Smith,  Old  Mystic,  Conn.,  book 

Jan.  24.  F.  E.  Baker,  Madison,  services 

Jan.  24.  E.   A.    Hawley,    Madison,    servioes 

Jan.  24.  G.   R.   Sheldon,  Madison,   services 

Jan.  24.  M.  S.  Foster,  Madison,  services 

Jan.  24.  C.  G.  Price,  Madison,  services 

Jan.  24.  I.  A.  Welsh,  Madison,  services 

Jan.  24.  C.  S.  Hean,  Madison,  services 

Jan.  24.  A.  A.  Nunns,  Madison,  services 

Feb.  28.  M.  Etta  S.  Allen,  Victoria,  Texas,  books 

Feb.  28.  C.  &  N.  W.  Ry.  Co.,  Madison,  freight 

Feb.  28.  C,  M.  &  St.  P.  Ry.  Co.,  Madison,  freight 

Feb.  28.  H.  B.  Hobbins,  Madison,  insurance 

Feb.  28.  A.  E.  Jenks,  Madison,  services 

Feb.  28.  A.  C.  McClurg  &  Co.,  Chicago,  books 

Feb.  28.  F.  E.  Baker,  Madison,  services     . 

Feb.  28.  E.  A.  Hawley,    Madison,    services 

Feb.  28.  G.  R.   Sheldon,   Madison,  services 

Feb.  28.  M.  S.  Foster,  Madison,  services 

Feb.  28.  C.  G.  Price,  Madison,  services 

Feb.  28.  I.  A.  Welsh,  Madison,  services 

Feb.  28.  C.  S.  Hean,  Madison,  services 

Feb.  28.  A.  A.  Nunns,  Madison,  services 


$100  00 
4  17 

1  50 

2  67 
2  50 

4  00 
2  00 

2  00 
100  97 

11  98 

3  00 

1  86 
71  71 

2  00 
32  07 

7  46 

5  00 
5  00 

3  00 

3  66 
1  04 

4  00 
50  00 
50  00 
50  00 
30  00 
30  00 
25  00 

15  00 

16  66 
20  00 

5  78 
1  23 

25  00 
25  00 
38  72 
50  00 
50  00 
50  00 
30  00 
30  00 
25  00 

15  00 

16  66 


REPORT    OF    TREASURER. 


47 


Mch.  28.  Rufus  Blanchard,  Chicago,  book 

Mch.  28.  C.  &  N.  W.  Ry.  Co.,  Madison,  freight       . 

Mch.  28.  C,  M.  &  St.  P.  Ry.  Co.,  Madison,  freight 

Mch.  28.  R.  Herndon  Company,  Chicago,  books 

Mch.  28.  U.  P.  James.  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  books     . 

Mch.  28.  King-Cramer    Company,     Milwaukee,     book 

Mch.  28.  M.  W.  McAlarney,  Harrisburg,  Pa.,  book 

Mch.  28.  A.  C.  McClurg  &  Co.,  Chicago,  freight 

Mch.  28.  A.  C.  McClurg  &  Co.,  Chicago,  book 

Mch.  28.  Minneapolis  Book  Exchange,   Minneapolis,  books 

Mch.  28.  W.  K.  Moorohead;  Saranac  Lake,  N.  Y.,  books 

Mch.  28.  Stephen  D.  Peet,  Chicago,  book     . 

Mch.  28.  Schwaab  Stamp  &  Seal  Co.,  Milwaukee,  supplies 

Mch.  28.  Henry  Sotheran  &  Co.,  London,  England,  books 

Mch.  28.  R.  G.  Thwaites,  secy,  and  supt.,  traveling  expenses 

Mch.  2S.  University  of  Toronto,  Toronto.  Canada,  book 

Mch.  28.  August  Van  Deusen,  Madison,  books 

Mch.  28.  Henry  C.  Gerling,  Madison,  drayage 

Mch.  28.  F.  E.  Baker,  Madison,  services 

Mch.  28.  E.  A.  Hawley,    Madison,    services 

Mch.  28.  M.  S.  Foster.  Madison,  services 

Mch.  28.  C.  G.  Price,  Madison,  services 

Mch.  28.  I.  A.  Welsh,  Madison,  services 

Mch.  28.  A.  A.  Nunns.  Madison,  services 

Mch.  28.  E.  C.  Smith,  Madison,  services 

Mch.  28.  C.  S.  Hean,  Madison,  services     . 

Mch.  28.  Southern  Hist.  Assn.,  Richmond,  Va.,  publications 

Apr.  25.  F.  E.  Best,  Chicago,  book      .  . 

Apr.  25.  \V.  F.  Boogher,  Washington,  D.  C,  book 

Apr.  25.  C.  H.  Boynton,  Groveland.  Mass.,  book 

Apr.  25.  C.  &  N.  W.  Ry.  Co.,  Madison,  freight     . 

Apr.  25.  Galena  Gazette,  Galena,  111.,  book 

Apr.  25.  W.   R.   Haight,  Toronto,   Canada,   book 

Apr.  25.  Ulrico  Hoepli,  Milan,   Italy,  book 

Apr.  25.  W.  H.  Jennings,  Columbus,  Ohio,  book 

Apr.  25.  James  H.  Lamb  Company,  Boston,  book 

Apr.  25.  W.  H.  Lowdermilk  &  Co.,  Washington,  D.  C,  book 

Apr.  25.  G.  E.  Littlefield.  Boston,  books 

Apr.  25.  F.  R.  Lubbock.  Austin,  Texas,  book 

Apr.  25.  A.  C.  McClurg  &  Co.,  Chicago,  book 

Apr.  25.  A.  C.  McClurg  &  Co.,  Chicago,  book 

Apr.  25.  Joel  Munsell's  Sons,  Albany,  N.  Y.,  books 

Apr.  25.  S.  Oppenheimer.  &  Levy,  New  York,  supplies 

Apr.  25.  James  Pott  &  Co.,  New  York,  book 


$3  00 
2  43 
2  00 

45  00 

7  00 
5  00 
5  00 

14  50 

2  97 

8  00 
1  90 

3  50 

4  75 
203  33 

81  73 

1  12 

3  50 

7  00 

50  00 

50  00 

30  00 

30  00 

25  00 

16  68 

15  00 
15  00 

3  00 

5  00 

5  00 
3  50 

6  47 

1  50 

2  50 


5  57 
7  50 
7  00 
4  50 
51  08 

2  00 

3  00 

2  10 
18  23 

3  06 
2  89 


48 


WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 


Apr.  25. 
Apr.  25. 
Apr.  25, 
Apr.  25. 
Apr.  25. 
Apr.  25. 
Apr.  25. 
Apr.  25. 
Apr.  25. 
Apr.  25. 
Apr.  25. 
Apr.  25. 
Apr.  25. 
Apr.  25. 
Apr.  25, 
May 
May 
May 
May 
May 
May  28. 
May  28. 
May  28. 
May  28. 
May  28. 
May  28. 
May  28. 
May  28. 
May  28. 
May  28. 
May  28. 
May  28. 
May  28. 
May  28. 
May  28. 
May  28. 
May  28. 
May  28. 
May  28. 
May  28. 
May  28. 
Jun.  27. 
Jun.  27. 
Jun.  27. 


Publishers'  Weekly,  New  York,  books 

Franklin  P.  Rice,  Worcester,  Mass.,  books     . 

G.  F.  Tudor-Sherwood,  London,  England,  books 

Henry  Sotheran  &  Co.,  London,  England,  books 

G.  E.  Stechert,  New  York,  book    . 

G.  E.  Warner,  Minneapolis,  Minn.,  books 

Johns  Hopkins  Press,  Baltimore,  Md.,  books 

F.  E.   Baker,    Madison,     services 
E.  A.  Hawley,   Madison,   services 
M.  S.  Foster,  Madison,  services 
C.  G.  Price,  Madison,  services 
I.  A.  Welsh,  Madison,  services 
A.   A.   Nunns,    Madison,    services 

E.  C.    Smith,    Madison,    services 
C.  S.  Hean,  Madison,  services 
W.  S.  Easton,  St.  Paul,  Minn.,  book 
J.  R.  B.  Hathaway,  Edenton,  N.  C,  periodical 
Library  Bureau.  Chicago,  supplies 
A.  C.  McClurg  &  Co.,  Chicago,  books     . 
Mrs.  W.  C.  Stubbs,  New  Orleans,  La.,  book 
Wiley  Britton,    Springfield,    Mo.,    book 
J.  W.  Congdon,  Toronto,  Canada,  books 
Hudson-Kimberly  Pub.  Co.,  Kansas  City,  book 
W.  H.  Lowdermilk  &  Co.,  Washington,  D.  C.  books 
A.  C.  McClurg  &  Co.,  Chicago,  book 
A.  C.  McClurg  &  Co.,  Chicago,  books 
Miss  E.  Clifford  Neff,  Cleveland,  Ohio,  book 
C.  G.  Price,  Madison,  books  and  maps  . 
Frederick    Starr,    Chicago,    book 
Henry  Sotheran  &  Co.,  London,  England,  books 

G.  E.  Stechert,  New  York,  books 
G.  E.  Warner,  Minneapolis,  Minn.,  book 

F.  E.  Baker,  Madison,  services 
M.    S.   Foster,    Madison,    services 
E.   A.   Hawley,   Madison,   services 
C.  G.  Price,  Madison,  services 
I.  A.  Welsh,  Madison,  services 

G.  R.  Sheldon,    Madison,    services 
E.  C.  Smith,  Madison,  services 
C.  S.  Hean,  Madison,  services 
A.    A.    Nuhns,    Madison,    services 
Amer.  Stat.  Assn.,  Boston,  publications 
Isaac  S.  Bradley,  librarian,  miscellaneous  supplies 
John  W.  Congdon,  Toronto,  Canada, 'book     . 


$6  17 
4  00 
2  08 

16  36 

2  92 

15  25 

3  00 
50  00 
50  00 
30  00 
30  00 
25  00 

16  66 
15  00 
15  00 

4  75 
3  00 
9  00 

99  33 
3  25 

2  00 

3  75 
1  50 

24  00 
1  75 

38  58 

1  35 

3  84 
10  00 

6  20 
35  35 

2  00 
50  00 
30  00 
50  00 
30  00 

25  00 
19  75 
15  00 

15  00 

16  66 
2  00 

4  55 
1  75 


REPORT   OF    TREASURER. 


49 


Jun.  27.     Henderson  Judd,  Los  Angeles,  Cal.,  freight 

Jun.  27.     James  H.  Lamb  Company,  Boston,  book 

Jun.  27.     G.  E.  Littlefield,  Boston,  books     . 

Jun.  27.     A.  C.  McClurg  &  Co.,  Chicago,  books 

Jun.  27.     A.  C.  McClurg  &  Co.,  Chicago,  books     . 

Jun.  27.     Joel  Munsell's  Sons,  Albany,  N.  Y.,  books 

Jun.  27.     Preston   &  Rounds,   Providence,   R.   L,  book 

Jun.  27.     Raoul   Renault,   Quebec,    Canada,   book 

Jun.  27.     Review  of  Reviews,  London,    England,   book 

Jun.  27.     Isaac    S.    Bradley,    librarian,    traveling    expenses 

Jun.  27.     R.  G.  Thwaites,  secy.  &  supt.,  traveling  expenses 

Jun.  27.     F.    E.    Baker,    Madison,    services 

Jun.  27.     E.  A.  Hawley.  Madison,  services 

Jun.  27.     M.  S.  Foster,  Madison,  services 

Jun.  27.     C.  G.  Price,  Madison,  services 

Jun.  27.     I.  A.  Welsh,  Madison,  services 

Jun.  27.     Eve  Parkinson,  Madison,  services 

Jun.  27.     E.  C.  Smith,  Madison,  services 

Jun.  27.     C.  S.  Hean,  Madison,  services 

Jun.  27.     A.  A.  Nunns,  Madison,  services 

Jun.  29.     G.  E.  Littlefield,  Boston,  books 

Jun.  29.     Henry  Sandford,  Madison,    books 

JuL    21.     D.  Appleton  &  Co.,  Chicago,  book 

21.     Burrows  Bros.  Co.,  Cleveland,  Ohio,  book 
21.     C.  &  N.  W.  Ry.  Co.,    Madison,    freight 
21.     C,  M.  &  St.  P.  Ry.  Co.,  Madison,  freight 
21.     Egypt  Exploration  fund,  Boston,    book 
21.     Mrs.  Anna  P.  Epley,   New  Richmond,  book 
R.  Herndon  Company,  Boston,  books 
Library  Bureau,  Chicago,  supplies 
Hazard  Stevens,  Boston,  book 
F.  E.  Baker,  Madison,  services 
E.   A.    Hawley,   Madison,    services 
M.  S.  Foster,  Madison,  services 
C.  G.  Price,  Madison,  services 
21.     I.  A.  Welsh,  Madison,  services 
21.     E.  C.  Smith,  Madison,  services 
21.     Eve  Parkinson,  Madison,  services 

Jul.    21.     C.  S.  Hean,  Madison,  services 

Jul.    21.     A.  A.  Nunns,  Madison,  services 

Aug.  15.     John  W.  Congdon,  Toronto,  Canada,  books 

Aug.  15.     H.  E.  Hooper.  New  York,  book 

Aug.  15.     G.    E.   Littlefield,    Boston,     books 

Aug.  15.     A.    C.   McClurg   &   Co.,    Chicago,   books 


Jul. 
Jul. 
Jul. 
Jul. 
Jul. 
Jul.  21 
Jul.  21 
Jul 
Jul 
Jul 
Jul.  21 
Jul.    21 


21. 
21. 
21. 


Jul. 
Jul. 
Jul. 


$2  40 

7  00 
18  00 
12  02 

4  50 
12  15 

3  00 

1  75 
98 

85  50 
110  58 
50  00 
50  00 
30  00 
30  00 
25  00 
20  00 
20  00 

15  00 

16  68 
27  00 

8  00 
6  00 
8  45 

2  43 
1  69 

5  00 
1  50 

30  00 

6  75 
5  00 

50  00 
50  00 
30  00 
30  00 
25  00 
20  00 
20  00 

15  00 

16  66 

3  25 
8  75 

10  00 

7  37 


50 


WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 


Aug.  15.  A.  C.  McClurg  &  Co.,  Chicago,  books  . 

Aug.  15.  J.  P.  MacLean,  Cleveland,  Ohio,  book     . 

Aug.  15.  Henry  Sotheran  &  Co.,  London,    England,    books 

Aug.  15.  S.  B.  Weeks,  Santa  Fe,  New  Mexico,  books   , 

Aug.  29.  W.  H.  Lowdermilk  &  Co.,  Washington.  D.  C,  books 

Aug.  29.  A.  C.  McClurg  &  Co.,  Chicago,  freight 

Aug.  29.  A.  C.  McClurg  &  Co.,  Chicago,  book 

Aug.  29.  A.  C.  McClurg  &  Co.,  Chicago,  books 

Aug.  29.  R.  G.  Thwaites,  secy.,  traveling  expenses  and  misc 

Aag.  29.  F.  E.  Baker,  Madison,  services 

Aug.  92.  E.  A.  Hawley,    Madison,    services 

Aug.  29.  M.    S.   Foster,    Madison,     services 

Aug.  29.  I.  A.  Welsh,  Madison,  services 

Aug.  29.  C.  G.  Price,  Madison,  services 

Aug.  29.  E.  C.  Smith,  Madison,  services 

Aug.  29.  Eve  Parkinson,  Madison,  services 

Aug.  29.  A.  A.  Nunns,  Madison,  services 

Aug.  29.  C.  S.  Hean,  Madison,  services 

Sep.  26.  Amer.  Economic  Assn.,  Ithaca,  N.  Y.,  publications 

Sep.  26.  Amer.  Historical  Assn.,  New  York,  publications 

Sep.  26.  A.  C.  McClurg  &  Co.,  Chicago,  books     . 

Sep.  26.  A.  C.  McClurg  &  Co.,  Chicago,  freight  . 

Sep.  26.  W.  K.  Moorehead,  Saranac  Lake,  N.  Y.,  book 

Sep.  26.  Publishers'  Weekly,  New  York,  book     . 

Sep.  26.  G.  E.  Warner,  Minneapolis,  Minn.,  books     . 

Sep.  26.  F.  E.  Baker,  Madison,  services 

Sep.  26.  E.  A.  Hawley,  Madison,  services 

26.  M.  S.  Foster,  Madison,  services 

26.  I.  A.  Welsh,  Madison,  services 

Sep.  26.  E.  C.  Smith.  Madison,  services 

Sep.  26.  Eve  Parkinson,  Madison,  services 

Sep.  26.  A.  A.  Nunns,  Madison,  services     . 

Oct.     1.  W.  T.  McConnell  &  Son,  Madison,  supplies 

Nov.    T.  R.  G.  Thwaites,  secy.,  misc.  supplies   . 

Nov.  30.  R.  G.  Thwaites,  secy,  and  supt.,  pictures 

Nov.  30.  R.  G.  Thwaites,  supt,  paid  out  for  labor 


Sep. 
Sep. 


$4  75 

4  00 

44  49 

8  GO 

2  62 
23  20 

1  01 

4  09 
44  16 
50  00 
50  00 
30  00 
25  00 
22  50 
20  00 
20  00 
16  66 
10  00 

3  00 
3  00 

1  13 
7  50 

2  30 

2  00 

5  75 
50  00 
50  00 
30  00 
25  00 
20  00 
20  00 
16  68 
20  00 

3  00 

4  00 
14  18 


$4,732  14 


REPORT   OF   TREASURER. 


Orders  draivn  against   balance  in  State   Treasury. 
October  and  November,  1900. 

Oct.   25.  E.  W.  Allen,  services   . 

Oct.   25.  F.  E.  Baker,  services   . 

Oct.   25.  E.  D.  Biscoe,  services  . 

Oct.  25.  Bennie  Butts,  services  . 

Oct.  25.  J.   H.   Cady,   services    . 

Oct.   25.  M.  S.  Foster,  services  .      ' 

Oct.   25.  E.  A.   Hawley,   services 

Oct.   25.  C.    S.   Hean,   services    . 

Oct.   25.  O.  R.  W.  Hoefer.  services 

Oct.   25.  C.  C.  Lincoln,  services 

Oct.   25.  D.  R.  Mathews,  services 

Oct.   25.  A.  A.  Nunns,  services,  . 

Oct.   25.  Eve  Parkinson,  services 

Oct.   25.  C.  G.  Price,  services     . 

Oct.   25.  G.  R.  Sheldon,  services 

Oct.   25.  E.  C.  Smith,  services   . 

Oct.   25.  I.  A.  Welsh,  services     . 

Oct.   25.  Thomas  Dean,  services 

Oct.   25.  Edwin  Dengel,  services 

Oct.   25.  Emma  Dietrich,  services 

Oct.   25.  Tillie   Gunkel,   services 

Oct.  25.  Charles  Janes,  services 

Oct.   25.  Emma   Ledwith,   services 

Oct.   25.  Edith  Rudd.  services    . 

Oct.   25.  Rogneld    Sather,   services 

Oct.   25.  Albert  E.  Bach,  services 

Oct.   25.  Uohn  Lyons,  services    . 

Oct.   29.  A.  W.  Bowen  &  Co..  Helena.  Mont.,  books 

Oct.  29.  Democrat  Printing  Co.,  Madison,  printing  separates 

Oct.   29.  S.  J.  Lyon,  Madison,  book     . 

Oct.   29.  A.  C.  McClurg  &  Co.,  Chicago,  freight  . 

Nov.  10.  A.  E.  .Tenks,  Madison,  services 

Nov.  10.  A.  C.  McClurg  &  Co.,  Chicago,  books 

Nov.  10.  R.   G.   Thwaites,   secy.,   misc.   accts.   and    supplies 

Nov.  10.  Topsfield  Hist.  Socy..  Topsfleld,  Mass.,  books 

Nov.  10.  R.    G.    Thwaites,    supt,    misc.    exp.    and    accounts 

Nov.  27.  E.  W.  Allen,  services   ....•• 

Nov.  27.  F.  E.  Baker,  services   ...... 

Nov.  27.  E.  D.  Biscoe,  services  ...... 

Nov.  27.  Bennie  Butts,  services  ....•• 


$15  63 
60  00 
27  00 
45  00 

25  00 
40  00 
60  00 
30  00 

4  20 
50  00 

5  33 

26  67 
25  00 
30  00 
60  00 
25  00 
30  00 
50  00 

8  25 

27  00 
27  00 
45  00 
32  00 
27  00 
27  00 
13  50 
21  00 
10  00 
17  25 

1  50 

1  75 

45  37 

16  05 

36  95 

3  50 

24  17 
7  88 

60  00 

25  00 
45  00 


52 


WISCONSIN   HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 


Nov.  27.  J.   H.   Cady,   services   . 

Nov.  27.  M.  S.  Foster,  services  . 

Nov.  27.  E.  A.  Hawley,  services 

Nov.  27.  C.  S.  Hean,  services     . 

Nov.  27.  O.  R.  W.  Hoefer,  services 

Nov.  27.  C.  C.  Lincoln,  services  . 

Nov.  27.  D.  R.  Mathews,  services 

Nov.  27.  A.  A.  Nunns,  services  . 

Nov.  27.  Eve  Parltinson,  services 

Nov.  27.  C.  G.  Price,  services     . 

Nov.  27.  G.  R.  Slieldon,  services 

Nov.  27.  E.  C.  Smith,  services   . 

Nov.  27.  I.  A.  Welsh,  services    . 

Nov.  27.  Thomas  Dean,  services 

Nov.  27.  Donley  Davenport,  services 

Nov.  27.  Emma  Dietrich,  services 

Nov.  27.  Charles  Janes,  services 

Nov.  27.  Emma  Ledwith,  services 

Nov.  27.  Edith  Rudd,  services    . 

Nov.  27.  Rogneld   Sather,   services 

Nov.  27.  Everett  Westbury,  services 

Nov.  27.  Dane  Co.  Telephone  Co.,  Madison,  telephones 

Nov.  27.  G.  E.  Littlefleld,  Boston,  books 

Nov.  27.  A.  C.  McClurg  &  Co.,  Chicago,  books  and  freight 

Nov.  27.  Joel  Munsell's  Sons,  Albany,  N.  Y.,  books 

Nov.  27.  G.  E.  Stechert,  New  York,  book   . 


$33 

25 

40 

00 

60 

00 

30 

00 

3 

75 

50 

00 

4 

65 

26 

66 

25 

00 

36 

00 

60 

00 

25 

00 

.30 

00 

50 

00 

20 

00 

27 

00 

45 

00 

32 

00 

27 

00 

27 

00 

16 

00 

18 

00 

4 

00 

33 

11 

3 

60 

4 

00 

$1,861 

02 

REPORTS    FROxM   AUXILIARY    SOCIETIES.  53 


EEPORTS  FEO:^!  AUXILIARY  SOCIETIES,  FOR  1000. 

GBEEX   BAY  HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

The  field  convention  of  tlie  State  Historical  Society  of  Wis- 
consin, held  in  Green  Bay  in  September,  1801),  aroused  an  in- 
terest in  historical  matters  here,  which  resulted  in  the  organiza- 
tion about  a  month  later  of  the  Green  Bay  Historical  Society. 
After  several  preliminary  meetings,  at  which  much  interest  was 
shown,  the  organization  of  the  society  as  a  corporation  {luxiliary 
to  the  State  Historical  Society,  was  perfected  on  October  23, 
1800. 

The  object  of  the  society  is  to  stimulate  the  study  of  history, 
particularly  local  history;  to  collect,  preserve,  and  publish  his- 
torical data ;  to  locate,  and,  as  far  as.  possible,  preserve  old  land 
marks  and  historic  places  and  buildings ;  and  to  discover  and 
collect  relics  and  souvenirs  of  historic  people  and  places :  in 
general,  to  discover  and  preserve  anything  illustrative  of  the  his- 
tory of  this  part  of  the  state.  It  is  not  intended  that  this  Avork 
shall  be  burdensome.  Our  by-laws  provide  for  but  three  meet- 
ings a  year, — the  annual  meeting  in  August,  and  open  meetings 
in  December  and  March.  The  August  meeting,  aside  from  the 
business  meeting,  will  ordinarily  be  held  out  of  doors,  probably 
partaking  of  the  nature  of  a  pilgrimage  to  some  place  cf  his- 
toric interest  in  this  vicinity. 

During  the  past  year,  considerable  preparatory  work  has  be-en 
done.  Various  members  of  the  society  are  collecting  data  con- 
cerning some  of  the  places  prominent  in  our  early  history ;  and 
later,  papers  on  the  various  subjects  will  be  prepared  and  read 
to  the  society.  All  such  papers  will  be  typewritten  on  sheets 
of  uniform  size,  ultimately  bound  in  book  form,  and  placed  on 
the  shelves  of  the  public  library  for  reference.  In  this  way 
a  complete  history  of  prominent  places  and  buildings  will  be 
preserved. 

On  March  5  last,  the  first  open  meeting  of  the  Society  was 
held  at  Knights  of  Pythias  Hall,  in  the  Duchateau  block  on 


54  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

Main  street.  Despite  the  severe  storm  raging  at  the  time,  about 
fifty  people  were  present.  The  following  entertaining  and  in- 
structive programme  was  presented : 

Music — Duet,  by  Mrs.  W  B.  Coffeen  and  Mrs.  Q.  D.  Peake. 

Paper — "Location  of  Indian  Villages  in  the  Vicinity  of  Green  Bay," 
by  Judge  E.  H.  Ellis. 

Paper — "Sketch  of  Rev.  Gabriel  Richard."  by  Miss  Minnie  H.  Kelleher. 

Music — Solo,  by  Mrs.  W.  B.  Coffeen. 

Paper — "Brown  County's  Contribution  to  the  Lumber  Trade  of  Wis- 
consin," by  Mr.  Howard  C.  Gardiner. 

Upon  the  completion  of  the  programme,  some  time  was  spent 
in  discussion  and  general  conversation,  after  which  the  ladies 
of  the  society  served  refreshments. 

It  is  my  sad  duty  to  record  the  death  on  May  13,  1900, 
of  one  of  our  oldest  and  most  respected  citizens  and  members, 
Albert  ('.  Robinson.  One  of  the  very  early  settlers  of  the 
state,  arid  for  many  years,  connected  with  the  Green  Bay  Ad- 
vocate, the  oldest  Wisconsin  newspaper,  he  was  a  particularly 
valuable  member  of  our  society.  It  is  to  be  regretted  that  he 
was  not  permitted  to  complete  a  paper  undertaken  for  the  so- 
ciety, on  ''Early  Xewspapers  in  Wisconsin."  Ilis  notes  on  the 
subject,  jotted  down  from  time  to  time,  have  been  found  among 
his  papers,  and  it  is  possible  that  they  may  be  arranged  and 
completed  so  as  to  give  us  the  beneiit  of  his  recollections  and 
opinions  of  our  early  press. 

The  work  outlined  for  the  so-Jiety  covers  a  broad  field.  Green 
Bay  and  vicinity  has  much  of  historic  interest  which  should 
be  preserved,  or,  at  least,  of  which  an  accurate  record  should! 
be  kept.  Unless  this  work  is  don  2  now,  much  of  our  early 
history  will  be  forgotten  and  ultimately  lost.  Every  member 
of  the  society  should  be  on  the  alert  for  the  discovery  and  pres- 
ervation of  relics  and  all  other  historical  data.  When  jwssible,. 
relics  should  be  sent  to  the  State  Historical  Society,  where  they 
will  be  gratefully  received  and  acknowledged,  and  placed  in  the 
State  Museum.  Whenever  a  bit  of  early  history  is  discovered, 
a  minute  should  l>e  made  of  it,  and,  where  possible,  a  brief  state- 
ment of  the  factvS  prepared  and  turned  over  to  the  society  for 
preservation.     In  this  way,  much  of  undoubted  value  can  h& 


REPORTS    FROM    AUXILIARY    SOCIETIES.  55 

collected  and  preserved,  and  onr  society  made  more  interesting 
and  of  greater  value  to  ourselves  and  to  future  historians.  It 
is  hoped  that  during  the  coming  year  even  greater  interest  in 
the  work  will  be  shown  by  the  members,  and  that  much  of  the 
work  already  started  may  be  completed  and  new  work  under- 
taken. 

B.  L.  Parkek^ 

Secretanj. 
August  21,  1900. 


•THE  RIPOX  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

The  Ripon  Historical  Society  was  organized  Xov.  8,  1899. 
Its  membei-ship  was  composed  of  George  L.  Field,  president; 
W.  S.  Crowther,  vice-president ;  A,  AV.  Tressler,  secretary ; 
John  S.  Rountree,  treasurer ;  Dr.  E.  H.  Merrell,  S.  M.  Ped- 
rick,  C.  H.  Ellsworth,  Col.  Geo.  W.  Carter,  Prof.  C.  Dwight 
Marsh,  and  Dr.  Samuel  T.  Kidder.  At  a  meeting  held  April 
30,  1900,  O.  J.  Clark  and  G.  B.  Horner  wove  elected  members 
of  the  society.  From  the  beginning  it  was  the  purpose  of  the 
organizers  of  the  society  to  develop  not  a  large  and  representa- 
tive organization,  but  rather  a  small  working  body. 

The  society  was  organized  for  the  purpose  of  collecting  a!id 
preserving  all  the  valuable  historical  material  which  it  could 
secure,  viz.,  books,  papers,  photographs,  original  documents, 
letters,  and  such  other  material  as  would  aid  the  organization  in 
its  work.  Secondly,  it  was  the  purpose  of  the  organization  to 
prepare,  for  presentation  to  the  society  and  later  publication, 
papers  dealing  with  the  most  important  epochs  and  events  in 
the  early  history  of  the  city  of  Ripon. 

The  members  of  the  society  at  once  began  the  collection  of  his- 
torical material.  From  Major  £.  A.  Bovay,  of  Brooklyn,  X  Y.,' 
various  books  and  papers  relative  to  the  organization  of  the  Re- 
publican party  were  received.  Mr.  Xelson  Bowerman,  of  Chi- 
cago, presented  the  society  with  a  file  of  the  Ripon  ^Yeelcly 
Times  and  the  Prairie  City  Record  running  from  April  29, 
1859,  to  December  24,  1863.     Mr.  Robert  Mason  presented  the 


56  WISCONSIN   HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

society  with  various  books  and  documents  of  the  Wisconsin 
Phalanx.  These  consisted  among  other  things  of  a  book  con- 
taining the  names,  place  of  birth,  record  of  deaths,  and  re- 
movals and  marriage  of  the  members;  the  secretary's  record 
book;  stock  ledger  of  the  Phalanx;  ledger  containing  accounts 
of  the  Phalanx;  the  treasurer's  account  book;  and  various  re- 
ceipts, papers  and  letters  of  the  Phalanx.  These  gifts,  together 
with  others,  have  been  placed  in  the  vault  of  the  First  National 
Bank,  where  they  are  safe  from  destruction  by  fire. 

The  work  which  was  outlined  for  the  various  members  was 
somewhat  comprehensive,  and  included  such  topics  as  the  forma- 
tion of  the  Republican  party,  the  condition  of  the  city  of  Ripon 
in  1854,  the  Booth  War,  and  the  Wisconsin  Phalanx,  Each 
member  was  assigned  a  particular  topic  relating  to  these  sub- 
jects. The  first  paper  read  to  the  society  was  that  of  Dr.  E. 
H.  Merrell,  and  was  entitled  "Jehdeiah  Bowen:  A  Sketch." 
Dr.  S.  T.  Kidder  presented  a  preliminary  draught  of  his  topic, 
"The  Old  Congregational  Church,  The  Little  School-house,  and 
the  meetings  held  therein  in  the  months  of  February  and  March, 
1854,  for  tlje  purpose  of  protesting  against  the  Nebraska  Bill." 
Col.  George  W.  Carter  read  a  paper  upon  "The  Booth  War." 
The  above  named  topics  were  the  only  ones  presented  to  the 
society  before  it  closed  its  work  for  the  year;  other  papers, 
however,  are  in  preparation  and  may  be  expected  at  the  meet- 
ings of  the  society  during  the  coming  year.  Of  the  papers 
read,  that  of  Dr.  E.  H.  Merrell  has  already  been  published  in 
pamphlet  form. 

While  the  work  actually  accomplished  by  the  society  during 
its  first  year,  is  not  particularly  noteworthy,  an  excellent  be- 
ginning has  been  made.  It  is  believed  that  the  interest  which  the 
various  members  have  taken  in  these  researches  will  continue 
until  all  phases  of  the  important  events  in  the  early  history 
of  Ripon  have  been  carefully  worked  up  and  published  in  per- 
manent form. 

A.  W.  Tkesslek. 
Dec.  18,  1900. 


GIVERS    OF    BOOKS   AND    PAMPHLETS. 


57 


GIVERS  OF  BOOKS  AND  PAMPHLETS 
[including  duplicates]. 


Givers. 


Adams,  Charles  F.,  Boston   

Adams  county  board  of  supervisors   

"Aegis,"  Madison   

Aikens,  A.  J.,  Milwaukee 

Alabama  geological  survey,  University   

historical  society,  Montgomery 

Alden,  George  H..  Northfield,  Minn 

Alexander,  F.  Z..  Spokane,  Wash 

Allen,  Mrs.  Margaret  A.,*  Madison  

AUerton,  S.  W.,  Chicago   

American  anti-imperialist  league,  Chicago   

antiquarian  society,  Worcester,  Mass 

anti-vivisection  society,  Philadelphia 

bible  society.  New  York  

humane  society,  Philadelphia 

Jewish     historical  society,  Washington   . . 

museum  of  natural  history.  Nev/  York  . . . 

numismatic  and  archaeological  society, 
New  York  

philosophical  society,   Philadelphia 

Ames,  Pelham  W..  Boston  

Amherst  college,  Amherst.  Mass 

Anderson,  William  J..  Madison 

Andover  (Ma'ss.)  theological  seminary 

Andrews.  Byron.*  Washington.  D.  C 

Andrews.  Frank  D..  Vineland,  N.  J 

Angell  &  Hastreiter,  Madison   

Appleton,  William  S.,  Boston  

Argentine    Republic.    Minister    of    Interior.    Buenos 

Ayres 

Arkansas,  governor.  Little  Rock 

Art  interchange  co..  New  York 

Aubery,  C.  D.,  Milwaukee 


Books. 


23 
1 


Babcock,  J.  W..  Necedah   

Baby,  L.  F.  G.,  Montreal 

Baird.  Henry  C.  Philadelphia  

Baird,  J.  H..  Nashville.  Tenn 

Baker.  Miss  Florence  E..  Madison 

Balch.  Thomas  W..  Philadelphia  

Baldwin.  Simeon  E.,  New  Haven,  Conn 

Baltimore  &  Ohio  r.  r.  co.,  relief  department.  Relay, 
Md 


Bancroft-Whitney  co .   San  Francisco 
Barnwell,  James  G.,  Philadelphia    .... 
Barron  county  board  of  supervisors   .  . 

Barton.  W.  E..  Oak  Park,  111 

Bayfield  county  board  of  supervisors  . 
Beall,  Mrs.  Mary  S.,  Washington,  D.  C. 


Pam- 
phlets. 


1 

1 

1 

15 


1 

2 

2 
1 
1 
83 
3 


2 
6 
1 
1 

1 
1 
1 
1 
10 

1 

4 

1 
7 
4 
4 


♦Also  unbound  serials. 

5 


58  WISCONSIN   HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

GIVERS  OF  BOOKS  AND  PAMPHLETS  -  Continued. 


Givers. 


Beckwith,  A.  C,  and  B.  S.,*  Elkhorn 

Beer,  William,*  New  Orleans,  La 

Bellack,  A.  M.,  Columbus  

Benton,  Joseph  H.,  jr.,  Boston   

Bigelow,  William  S.,  Boston 

Birge,  B.  A.,*  Madison   

Bishop,  William  W.,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Blair,  Miss  Emma  H.,  Madison  

Blum,  George  L.,  Eau  Claire 

Born,  Mrs.  E.  J.,  Ashland  

Boston  associated  charities   

athenaeum 

board  of  overseers  of  the  poor 

book  company  

children's  aid  society  

city  auditor  

city  hospital 

home  for  aged  women 

public  library   

transit  commission   

Bourinot,  John  G.,  Ottawa  

Bowdoin  college  library,  Brunswick,  Me.   . . 

Bradley,  Harry  B.,  Madison 

Bradley,  I.  S.,  Madison  

Bright,  Miss  Winifred  C,  Milwaukee 

Brinley,  Charles  A.,  Philadelphia 

British  patent  office,  London  

Brooklyn   ( N.  Y. )   library  

Brown,  C.  N.,*  Madison 

Brown,  Edward  O.,  Mackinac  Island,  Mich.  . 

Brown,  Mrs.  Thomas  H.,  Milwaukee 

Brown  county  board  of  supervisors 

Brown  university.  Providence,  R.  I 

Bruncken,  Ernest,  Milwaukee 

Brussels,  ministre  des  chemins  de  fer 

Buchanan,  H.  D.,  Madison 

Buffalo  (N.  Y.)  public  library 

superintendent  of  buildings 

Buffalo  county  board  of  supervisors 

Bulfinch,  Miss  Ellen  S.,  Boston 

Bull,  Storm,  Madison   

Bunker  Hill  monument  association,  Boston 

Burnett  county  board  of  supervisors 

Burrows  Brothers  co.,  Cleveland   

Burton,  C.  M.,  Detroit,  Mich 

Butler,  James  D.,*  Madison 


Books. 


Calhoun  colored  school,  Calhoun,  Ala 

California  insurance  department,  San  Francisco  . 
state  board  of  horticulture,  Sacramento 
state  library,  Sacramento 


32 


1 
5 

85 

5 

107 


14 


Pam- 
phlets. 


•Also  unbound  serials. 


GIVERS    OF    BOOKS    AND    PAMPHLETS.  59 

GIVERS  OP  BOOKS  AND  PAMPHLETS  — Continued. 


Givers. 


university,  Berkeley 

Cambridge  (Mass.)  public  library 

messenger's  office   

Canada  auditor  general,  Ottawa  

department  of  agriculture,  Ottawa 

geological  survey,  Ottawa  

institute,  Toronto 

Canadien   (Le)  ,*  St.  Paul,  Minn 

Carleton  college,  Northfield,  Minn 

Carnegie  free  library,  Allegheny,  Pa 

free  library,  Atlanta,  Ga 

free  library,  Pittsburgh,  Pa 

Carr,  Lucicn,  Worcester,  Mass 

Cassoday,  John  B.,  Madison  

Central  of  Georgia  r.  r.  co..  Savannah,  Ga 

Chandler,  W.  H.,  Sun  Prairie 

Chandler,  William  E.,  Concord,  N.  H 

Charleston  (S.  C.)  mayor 

Chase,  John  C,  Haverhill,  Mass 

Chatfield,  Mrs.  E.  C,  Minneapolis,  Minn 

Chicago  board  of  education 

com-mons* 

historical  society   

institute , 

Kent  college  of  law  

Milwaukee  &  St.  Paul  railway  company  . 

public  library   

university 

Chippewa  county  board  of  supervisors 

Cincinnati  CO.)  museum  association 

public  library    

Civil  service  reform  association,  women's  auxiliary. 

New  York  

Clark,  Mrs.  Darwin,*  Madison 

Clark,  Ulysses,  San  Jose,  Cal 

Clark  county  board  of  supervisors 

Clark  university,  Worcester,  Mass 

Clarke,  Miss  Edith  E.,  Burlington,  Vt 

Clarke,  George  K.,  Boston 

Cleveland  (O.)  chamber  of  commerce 

inspector  of  buildings 

public  library 

Colorado  college,  Colorado  Springs  

superintendent  of  insurance,  Denver 

Columbia    university,    geological    department.    New 

York 

Columbus  (O.)  public  school  library 

Concordia  college,  Milwaukee 

Connecticut  bureau  of  labor  statistics,  Hartford  .... 

historical  society.  Hartford   

insurance  commissioner,  Hartford 

railroad  commissioner,  Hartford 


Books. 


Pam- 
phlets. 


19 
1 
2 
3 
1 
1 
2 


10 
1 
3 


*AIso  Tmbound  serials. 


6o 


WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 


GIVERS  OP  BOOKS  AND  PAMPHLETS  — Continued. 


Givers. 


Connecticut  secretary  of  state,  Hartford  . . 

state  library,  Hartford  

state  treasurer,  Hartford  . . . . 

Connelley,  William  E.,  Topeka,  Kans 

Conover,  Frederick  K.,  Madison 

Cornell  university,  Ithaca,  N.  Y 

Porto  Rico,  museo  nacional  de,  San  Jose 
Council  Bluffs  (Iowa)  free  public  library 

Cox,  John,  New  York  

Craven,  Mrs.  Thomas  J.,  Salem,  N.  J 

Crawford  county  board  of  supervisors  . . . . 
Crooker,  Joseph  H.,  Ann  Arbor,  Mich.   . . . 

Cudmore,  Patrick,  Faribault,  Minn 

Curtis,  Charles  A.,  Madison   


Dante  society,  Cambridge,  Mass 

Daniells,  Mrs.  W.  W.,*  Madison   

Darling,  Charles  W.,  Utica,  N.  Y 

Davenport  (Iowa)  academy  of  natural  science  .... 

Davies,  Mrs.  John  E.,  Madison  

Democratic  national  committee,  Chicago 

Depew,  Chauncey  M.,  New  York 

De  Peyster,  J.  Watts,  Tivoli,  N.  Y 

Detroit   ( Mich. )    public  library   

Dionne,  N.  E.,  Toronto 

District  of  Columbia  health  department,  Washington 

Dodge.  Melvin  G.,*  Clinton,  N.  Y 

Dodge  county  board  of  supervisors   

Door  county  board  of  supervisors 

Doughty,  Arthur  G.,  Quebec  

Douglas  county  agricultural  society,  Superior 

board  of  supervisors  

Douglass,  Mrs.  A.  E.,  Cambridge,  Mass 

Dover   ( N.  H. )   public  library   

Drew  theological  seminary  library,  Madison,  N.  J.  . .  . 

Dryden,  John  F.,  Newark,  N.  J 

Dunn  county  board  of  supervisors   

Durrett,  Reuben  T.,  Louisville,  Ky 


Books. 


Elliott,  Richard  R..  Detroit,  Mich.  . . 

Ely,  Richard  T.,  Madison   

Engle,  George  B.,  Chicago 

Enoch  Pratt  free  library,  Baltimore 
Estabrook,  0.  E.,  Milwaukee 


Farmer.   James  E.,  Concord,  N.   H. 

Favill,  Mrs.  Louise,  Madison   

Field  Columbian  museum,  Chicago  . 

Fitzgibbon,  Miss,  Toronto  

Flint.   J.   G.,    Milwaukee    . 

Flower,  Frank  A.,  Washington,  D.  C. 
Folsom,  A.  A.,  Boston   


41 


Pam- 
phlets. 


1 

19 

3 


2 
17 
1 
2 
1 
1 


1 
198 
1 
1 
1 


1 

1 

1 

91 


1    !• 


♦Also  unbound  serfal.s. 


GIVERS    OF    BOOKS   AND   PAMPHLETS. 


6l 


GIVERS  OF  BOOKS  AND  PAMPHLETS  —  Continued. 


Givers, 


Books. 


Forbes  library,  Northampton.  Mass 

Fort  Wayne  ( Ind. )  city  clerk 

mayor    

Foster,  Mrs.  M.  C,  Madison  

Foster,  Miss  Mary  S.,*  Madison   

Frankenburger,   David   B.,   Madison    

Free  lending  library  union  for  christian  work,  Brook- 
lyn, N.  Y 

Friedenwald  co.,  Baltimore 

Friend.s  book  store,  Philadelphia 


Galbreath,  C.  B.,  Columbus,  O 

Gale.  Mrs.  J.  S.,  Greeley.  Colo 

Ganong,  William  F..  Northampton,  Mass 

Garceau,  A.  C.  Boston   

Gettysburg  national  military  park  commission,  Get- 
tysburg, Pa 

Glasgow  university  students'  settlement  society,  Glas- 
gow, Scotland 

Goodrich  social  settlements  Cleveland   

Gould,  S.  C,  Manchester,  N.  H 

Grafton  Haii.  Fond  du  Lac   

Grand  army  of  the  republic 


department  of  Mass.   . . 

department  of  New 
York.    Lafayette   post 

department  of  Wis 

Grant  county  board  of  supervisors 

Green,  Samuel  A.,*  Boston 

Green  county  board  of  supervisors 

Green  Lake  county  board  of  supervisors 

Greene,   Howard.*   Milwaukee    

Gregory.  Charles  N..  Madison 

Grosvenor  public  library,  Buffalo,  N.  Y 


Haight.  T.  W.,  W^aukesha 

Hale  House,  Boston  

Hamilton,  William,  Washington,  D.  C 

Hamilton  college.  Clinton.  N.  Y 

Hanley,  George  W.,  Marinette   

Hansbrough,  H.  C,  Washington.  D.  C 

Harding.  Garrick  M.,  Wilkes-Barre.  Pa 

Harper,  Miss  Blanchard.*  Madison   

Hart.  Miss  Louise.  Janesville  

Hartford  theological  seminary,  Hartford.  Conn. 

Harvard  university,  Cambridge.  Mass 

Haverhill  CMass. )  public  library 

Haskins,  Charles  H.,  Madison 

Hays,  James  A..  Boise.  Idaho 

Heimstreet,  E.  B.,  Janesville 

Herbermann,  Charles  G.,  New  York 

Hicks,  E.  R..  Madison  

Hinkley,  L.  D..  Waupun    


16 
23 


Pam- 
phlets. 


100 
6 
5 

47 
1 

10 


1 
1 
1 
1 
3 
71 


♦Also  iinV>ouml  serials. 


62 


WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 


GIVERS  OF  BOOKS  AND  PAMPHLETS  — Continued. 


Givers. 


Hinsdale,  B.  A.,  Ann  Arbor,  Mich 

Hinton,  John  W.,  Milwaukee 

Hodder,  F.  H.,  Lawrence,  Kans 

Hodgins,  J.  George,  Toronto 

Hoe,  Richard,  Milwaukee   , 

Houghton,  Mifflin  &  co.,  Boston 

Howard-memorial  library,  New  Orleans,  La. 

Huffman  &  Hyer,  Watsrloo,  Iowa 

Hulbert,  Archer  B.,  Columbus,  O , 

Hutehins,  F.  A.,  Madison , 

Hutchinson,  Buell  E.,  Madison 


Illinois  auditor  of  public  accounts,  Springfield 

insurance  department,   Springfield    

state  historical  library,  Springfield , 

state  library  school.  Champaign 

state  university.   Champaign  

Indian  rights  association,  Philadelphia 

Indiana  board  of  state  charities,  Indianapolis 

geological  survey,  Indianapolis 

state  library,  Indianapolis 

Interstate  commerce  commission,  Washington,  D.  C. 

International  printing  pressman.  Milwaukee  

International  typographical  union,  Detroit,  Mich.  . 

Iowa  bureau  of  labor  statistics,  Des  Moines 

geological  survey,  Des  Moines  

historical  department,  Des  Moines 

railroad  commission,  Des  Moines 

secretary  of  state,  Des  Moines 

state  Ifbrary,  Des  Moines 

university,  Iowa  City  

Iowa  county  board  of  supervisors '. 


Jackson  county  board  of  supervisors 

James  Prendergast  free  library,*  Jamestown,  N.  Y. 

Jefferson  county  board  of  supervisors 

Jenks,  Albert  E.,  Madison  

Jenney,  Herbert,  Cincinnati,  O. 

Jersey  City  (N.  J.)  free  public  library 

Jewish  publication  society  of  America,  Philadelphia 

John  Crerar  library,  Chicago  

Johnson,  Mrs.  C,  Berlin 

Johnson,  J.  B.,  Madison  

Johnston,  John,  Milwaukee   

Jones,  A.  E.,  Montreal   

Judd,  Henderson,  Los  Angeles,  Cal 

Juneau  county  board  of  supervisors 


Kansas  secretary  of  state,  Topeka 

state  historical  society^  Topeka  . . . , 

university,  Lawrence  

university  quarterly,  Lawrence   .":. 


Books. 


17 


1 
10 
3 
1 
1 
1 
1 
4 
1 
2 
7 
5 


Pam- 
phlets. 


1 

667 

1 

1 


60 
14 


10 

2 
4 
2 
1 
1 


48 
4 

1 
3 

2 
2 


•Also  unbound  serials. 


GIVERS    OF    BOOKS    AND    PAMPHLETS.  63 

GIVERS  OF  BOOKS  AND  PAMPHLETS  — Continued. 


Givers. 


Kansas  City   (Mo.)   public  library 

Kenosha  county  board  of  supervisors 

Kentucky  auditor  of  accounts,   Frankfort. 

Kephart,  Horace,  St.  Louis,  Mo 

Kerr,   Alexander,*    Madison 

Kewaunee  count}'  board  of  supervisors 

King,  Horatio  C,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Kingsley   House   association,   Pittsburg. . . , 
Kremers,  Edward,  Aladison    


La  Crosse  board  of  trade 

Lafayette  county  board  of  supervisors , 

Lake  Forest    ( 111.)    university , 

Laklaw,  Stanley  R.,  Wausau , 

Lambing,  A.  A.,  Pittsburg 

Langlade  county  board  of  supervisors 

Lapham,  Miss  Julia  A.,  Oconomowoc 

Larned,  J.  N.,  Buffalo,  N.  Y 

Laval  university,  Quebec 

Lawson,  P.  V.,  Menasha 

Lea,  Henry  C,  Philadelphia 

Lee,  Leonard,  Kenosha 

Lee,  William  A..  Meriden,  Conn 

Legler,   Henry  E.,  Milwaukee 

Leipziger,  Henry  M.,  New  York 

Leland  Stanford,  jr.,  university,  Palo  Alto,  Cal. 

Lemon,  John  B..  Bloomington,  111 

Lewis  institute,  Chicago 

Lexington  historical  society,  Lexington,  Mass. . 

Library  of  congress,  Washington,  D.  C . . . , 

Lindsay,   Crawford,   Quebec 

Lindsay,  Lionel.  Quebec 

Los  Angeles  (Cal.)   public  library  

Louisiana  historical  society,  New  Orleans 

Lyle,  John  Thomas  Stuart,*  Madison 


Books. 


Pam- 
phlets. 


1 
19 


McLean  county  (111.)  historical  society,  Bloomington 

McNeel,  J.  H.,*  Madison 

McNeil,  G.  F.,  Minneapolis  

Madison  city  water  works 

public  library*   

public  schools 

Maine  bureau  of  statistics,  Augusta 

governor.  Augusta 

state  prison.  Augusta 

Maiden  ( Mass. )  city 

Mallett,  Frank  J.,  Beloit  

Manchester  (N.  H.)  institute  of  arts  and  sciences 

Manhattan  and  Bronx  boroughs  of,  department  of  ed- 
ucation. New  York    

Manitoba  historical  and  scientific  soc,  Winnipeg 

legislative  assembly  


20 


1 
175 
1 
5 
2 
1 

4 
3 

2 


1 

28 

1 

2 


1 

1 

87 

1 


♦Also  unbound  serials. 


64  WISCONSIN   HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

GIVERS  OF  BOOKS  AND  PAMPHLETS  — Continued. 


Givers. 


Manitowoc  county  board  of  supervisors 

Marathon  county  training  school  for  teachers,  Wau- 
sau 


Marquette  college,  Milwaukee 

Marshall,  Samuel,  Westchester,  Pa 

Marshall,  W.  S.,  Madison 

Maryland  geological  survey,  Baltimore   

historical   society,   Baltimore 

Mason,  Mrs.  Edwin.*   Madison    

Massachusetts  auditor  of  state,  Boston   

board  of  education.   Boston 

childrens'  institutions  dep't,  Boston., 
civil  service  commissioners,  Boston., 
commissioner  of  insurance,  Boston... 

commissioner  of  pfisons,  Boston 

commissioner  of  public  records.  Boston 
commissioner  of  savings  banks;  Boston 
gas  and  electric  light  comm'rs,  Boston 

ganeral  hospital,  Boston 

historical  society,  Boston 

horticultural  society.  Boston    

humane  society,  Boston   

institute  of  technology.  Boston 

prison   association,   Boston    

metropolitan   park  comm'rs,   Boston.. 

railroad   commissioners.   Boston 

school  for  the  feeble-minded,  Waverley 
secretary  of  the  commonwealth,  Boston 
state  board  of  arbitration,  Boston.... 

state  board  of  charity,  Boston 

state  board  of  health,  Boston 

state  library,  Boston  

state  lunatic  asylum,  Taunton 

Mead,  Edwin  D..  Boston 

Meany,  E.  S.,  Seattle,  Wash 

Merrell,  Edward   H.,  Ripon 

Merrill.  F.  W.,  Oneida,  N.  Y 

Meyer.  B.  H.,  Madison   

Michigan  bureau  of  labor,  Lansing 

dairy  and  food  department.  Lansing 

state  board  of  health,  Lansing 

state  library,  Lansing 

superintendent   of   public   instruction,   Lan- 
sing   

university,  Ann  Arbor 

Middlebury  college,  Middlebury,  Vt 

Military    order   loyal    legion    U.    S.,    California   com- 

mandery    

Colorado  commandery 

Iowa  commandery 

Kansas  commandery 

Michigan  commandery   


Books. 


2 
1 
1 
1 

111 


1 
34 


Pam- 
phlets. 


28 
5 
1 
2 
1 


10 
3 

24 


7 
1 

46 
7 

16 
7 
2 


♦Also  unbouud  serials. 


GIVERS    OF    BOOKS    AND    PAMPHLETS.  65 

GIVERS  OP  BOOKS  AND  PAMPHLETS  -  Continued. 


Givers. 


Missouri  commandery 

Ohio  commandery 

Oregon  commandery   

Wisconsin  commandery   

Miller.  H.  C,  Jackson,  O 

Miller,  H.  P.,  Harrisburg,  Pa .- 

Millspaugh,  Mrs.  C.  F.,  Chicago 

Milwaukee  associated  charities   

athenaeum 

board  of  city  service  commissioners  .... 

board  of  school  directors 

chamber  of  commerce 

club 

commissioner  of  health   

deutsche   gesellschaft    

hospital  for  insane 

house  of  mercy 

journal   

public  library 

public  museum 

street  railway   

Milwaukee  county  clerk  

superintendent  of  schools 

Miner,  H.  A..  Madison 

Minneapolis  ( Minn. )  city  clerk 

public  library  

Minnesota  chief  fire  warden,  St.  Paul 

geological     and     natural     history     survey, 

Minneapolis 

historical  society,  St.  Paul 

railroad    and    warehouse   commission,    St. 

Paul 

secretary  of  state,  St.  Paul  

state  board   of  corrections  and   charities, 

St.  Paul  

Mississippi  auditor  of  public  accounts.  Jackson 

railroad  commissioners,  Jackson 

historical  society.  Oxford 

university,  Jackson 

Missouri  botanical  garden,  St.  Louis 

governor,  Jefferson  City 

insurance  department,  Jefferson  City 

railroad  and  warehouse  commission,  Jeffer- 
son City 

university,    Columbia    

Moore.  Mrs.  A.  W.,  Madison    

Moorehead,  Warren  K.,  Saranac  Lake,  N.  Y 

Morgans,  J.  I..  Lancaster    

Morris,  Mrs.  Charles  S..  Berlin 

Morris,  Howard,  Milwaukee   

Morris.  W.  A.  P.,  Madison 

Morris,  Mrs.  W.  A.  P.,  Madison 


Books. 


Pam- 
phlets. 


19 
43 

2 

22 

1 


1 

1 

2 

14 


1 
4 
1 
1 
170 
3 
1 
3 


♦Also  unbound  serials. 


66 


WISCONSIN   HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 


GIVERS  OF  BOOKS  AND  PAMPHLETS —  Continued. 


Givers. 


Morrison,  Hugh  A.,  Washington,  D.  C 

Moseley,   Miss  Anna  B.,   Madison 

Mount  Holyolie  college,  South  Hadley,  Mass. 
Mowry,  Duane,  Milwaukee  


Nantucket   (Mass.)   historical  association   

National  association  of  manufacturers,  Philadelphia 

National  education  association  

National  German  American  teachers'  seminary,  Mil- 
waukee    

league    for   the   protection    of    the    family, 

Auburndale,   Mass 

municipal   league,   Philadelphia    

Nebraska  bureau  of  labor  and  industrial  statistics, 

Lincoln   

university,  Lincoln   

university     agricultural    experiment    sta- 
tion,  Lincoln    

Neilson,  W.  C.,*  Milwaukee 

Nelson,  Julius,  New  Brunswick,  N.  J 

Nevada  governor,  Carson  City 

secretary  of  state,  Carson  City 

state  controller,  Carson  City 

university,  Reno 

university   agricultural   experiment   station, 

Reno 

New  Hampshire  adjutant  general.  Concord 

historical  society,  Concord   

insurance  commissioner.  Concord  . . 
library  commissioners.  Concord  .... 

state  library.  Concord 

New  Haven  colony  historical   society.   New   Haven, 

Conn 

New  Jei'sey  adjutant  general,  Trenton 

bureau  of  statistics  of  labor,  Trenton .... 
deartment    of    banking    and    insurance, 

Trenton 

public  record  commissioners,  Trenton, 
state  board  of  assessors,  Trenton   .... 

state  board  of  health,  Trenton 

state  treasurer,  Trenton 

New  Orleans  (La.)  city  comptroller 

New  South  Wales  government,  Sydney 

government  statistician,  Sydney 

New  York,  city,  chamber  of  commerce 

charity  organization  society 

children's  aid  society 

department  of  finance 

free  circulating  library 

genealogicar  and  biographical  soc. 

mercantile  library   

New  England  society 


Books. 


Pam- 
phlets. 


1 
5 

2 
16 


2 
10 
6 
3 
2 

9 

2 
1 
9 

1 
6 


•Also  unbound  serials. 


GIVERS   OF    BOOKS   AND   PAMPHLETS.  67 

GIVERS  OF  BOOKS  AND  PAMPHLETS  — Continued. 


Givers. 


Books. 


public  library   

reform  club  

school  of  expression 

university  settlement 

state,  banking  department,  Albany 

board  of  charities,  Albany 

board  of  health,  Albany 

board  of  mediation  and  arbitration, 

Albany 

bureau  of  labor  statistics,  Albany 
chamber  of  commerce,  Albany. . . . 
civil  service  commissioners,  Albany! 

college  of  forestry,  Ithaca | 

comptroller,  Albany I 

governor,  Albany   

insurance  department,  Albany I 

library,  Albany  | 

railroad  commissioners,  Albanj'....| 
superintendent  of  banks.  Albany...  | 
university,  Albany 

Newberry  library,  Chicago  

Newman,  Mrs.  Alfred  W.,  Madison 

Newspapers  and  periodicals  received  from  the  pub 
lishers 

Niagara  historical  society,  Niagara,  Ont 

Niagara  Falls  (N.  Y.)  public  library 

Nohl.  W.  G.,  Ashland i 

North,  Edward,  Clinton,    N.  Y ■ 

North  Adams  (Mass.)  public  library I 

North  Carolina  corporation  commission,  Raleigh...., 
historical  society.  Chapel  Hill 

North  Dakota  agricultural  experiment  station,  Agri-; 

cultural  College  P.  O 

state  examiner,  Bismarck 

Northampton   (Mass.)   insane  hospital 

Northern   Indiana  historical   society,   South   Bend.. 

Northwestern  university,  Evanston,  111 

Norwegian  Lutheran  Deaconess  institute,  Minneapolis 

Nova  Scotia  historical  society,  Halifax 

Noyes,  F.  E.,  Marinette  


Oakley,  Mrs.  D.  A.,  Madison  

Oakley,  F.  W.,  Madison 

Oakley.  Miss  M.   M.,*  Madison 

Oberlin  college  library,  Oberlin,  O 

conservatory  of  music,  Oberlin,  O 

Oconomowoc   (Wis.)   public  library 

Ohio  adjutant  general,  Columbus 

archaeological  and  historical  society,  Columbus 

auditor  of  state,  Columbus • 

board  of  state  charities,  Columbus 

building  and  loan  association,  Columbus 


12 
2 


362 


1 
6 

4 
31 


58 
1 
3 
1 
1 
1 


Pam- 
phlets. 


11 


6 

29 

3 


29 


♦Also  unbound  serials. 


68 


WISCONSIN   HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 


GIVERS  OF  BOOKS  AND  PAMPHLETS  — Continued 


Givers. 


Ohio  bureau  of  labor  statistics,  Columbus.., 

historical  and  philosophical  society,  Cincinnati. 

state  bar  association,  Ashland  

state  board  of  agriculture,  Columbus 

state  university,  Columbus  

Ontario  department  of  education,  Toronto 

Osborn,  Mrs.  Elizabeth  C,  Peabody,  Mass 

Osborn,  Mrs.  Joseph  H.,  Oshkosh , 

Osborne,  R.  E.,  La  Crosse 

Outagamie  county  board  of  supervisors 

Owen.  Thomas  M.,  Carrollton,  Ala. 

Ozaukee  county  board  of  supervisors 


Books. 


Paine,  Nathaniel,  Worcester,  Mass 

Palmer,  J.  ri.,*  Madison 

Paltsits,  Victor  H.,  New  York 

Parker,  F.  A.,  Madison 

Parkinson,  J.  B.,*  Madison 

Patrick,  L.  S.,  Marinette 

Paul,  E.  J.,  Milwaukee 

Pawtucket  (R.  I.)  free  public  library 

Peabody  historical  society,  Peabody,  Mass 

institute,   Baltimore,  Md 

Pennsylvania  auditor  general,  Harrisburg 

board  of  commissioners  of  public  char- 
ities, Harrisburg   

'         bureau  of  industrial  statistics,  Harris- 
burg   

commissioner  of  banking,  Harrisburg. 

governor,  Harrisburg   

historical  society,  Philadelphia 

insurance    department,    Harrisburg.... 

prison  association,  Philadelphia 

secretary  of  internal  affairs,  Harrisburg 

state  board  of  health,  Harrisburg 

state  library.  Harrisburg 

university,  Philadelphia 

Peoria    ( III. )    public  library 

Perkins  institution,  Boston  

Perry,  Enoch,  Whitewater    

Phi  Delta  Theta.  Wisconsin  Alpha,  Madison 

Philadelphia  city  comptroller    

Fairmount   Park  association    

mercantile  library   

numismatic  and   antiquarian   society. . 

Pierce  county  board  of  supervisors 

Polk,  R.  L.  &  CO.,  Chicago  

Polk  county  board  of  supervisors 

Portage  county  board  of  supervisors 

Potter,  E.  T.,  Newport,  R.  I 

Pratt,  A.  D.,  Waupun 


103 
1 


Pam- 
phlets. 


1     1 


21 
1 
3 


78 
1 
2 
2 


2 

12 

1 

1 


•Also  imbouud  serials. 


GIVERS    OF    BOOKS   AND   PAMPHLETS. 


6Q 


GIVERS  OF  BOOKS  AND  PAMPHLETS  —  Continued. 


Givers. 


Books. 


Presbyterian  church,  general  assembly,  Philadelphia 

Price.  Clinton  G.,  Madison ; 

Princeton  university,  Princeton,  N.  J 

Protestant   Episcopal   church   in   the   United   States, 

diocese  of  Albany    

diocese  of  Central  Pennsylvania 

diocese  of  Connecticut 

diocese  of  Los  Angeles 

diocese  of  Minnesota    

diocese  of  Tennessee 

diocese  of  Vermont   

diocese  of  \V est  Virginia 

diocese  of  Western  Michigan  

Proudfit,  Mrs.  A.  Ellis,*  Madison 

Providence  ( R.  I. )  athenaeum 

city  clerk  

city  messenger  

commissioner  of  public  schools. . . 

public  library  

record  commissioners    

"Punch,"  London   

Purdue  university.  LaFayette,  Ind 

Putnam,  James  O.,  Buffalo,  N.  Y 


Quebec  commissioner  of  public  works, 
literary  and  historical  society. 


Racine  college 

public  library    

county  board  of  supervisors  

Raineri.  Salvator,  Genoa.  Italy 

Rand.  H.  H..  Chicago 

Raymer.   George,   Madison    

Reinsch.  Paul  S.,  Madison  

Republican  state  committee,  Milwaukee 

Reuss,  Francis  X.,  Philadelphia 

Reynolds  library.  Rochester,  N.  Y 

Rhode  Island  auditor  of  state,  Providence 

board  of  state  charities  and  corrections, 
Providence  

historical  society.  Providence 

railroad  commissioners.  Providence.  . . . 

secretary  of  state.  Providence 

Richardson,   H.   P.,   Milwaukee 

Richland  county  board  of  supervisors 

Ripon    ( Wis. )    college  library 

Robinson,  Duane,  Sioux  Falls,  S.  D 

Robinson,  Irving  P.,  Milwaukee 

Robinson.  L.   A.,   St.   Paul    

Rochester  (N.  Y.)  university 

Roesler,  John  S.,  Sheboygan 


Pam- 
phlets. 


12 
1 

2 


2 
1 
1 

862 

1 

21 


♦Also  unbound  serials. 


70 


WISCONSIN   HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 


GIVERS  OF  BOOKS  AND  PAMPHLETS  -  Continued. 


Givers. 


RoIliB,  C.  J.,  Manilla,  P.  I 

Roosevelt,  Theodore,  Albany,  N.  Y 

Rosen,  P.,  Hollandale  

Rosenstengel,  W.  H.,  Madison   , 

Royal  society  of  Canada,  Ottawa 

Rumford  chemical  works,  Providence,  R. 


Sadler,  Ralph,  Coldharbour,  Eng 

St.  Croix  county  board  of  supervisors 

St.  Louis  (Mo.)  academy  of  science 

mercantile  library 

public  library 

St.  Olaf  college,  Northfield,  Minn 

Salem  (Mass.)  public  library 

San  Francisco  (Cal.)  board  of  supervisors 

chamber  of  commerce 

Schafer,  Joseph,  Eugene,  Ore 

Schroeder,  A.  T.,  Salt  Lake  City 

Schurman,  J.  G.,  Ithaca,  N.  Y 

Scott,  William  A.,  Madison  

Shawano  county  board  of  supervisors 

Sheboygan  county  board  of  supervisors 

Sheldon,  George,  Boston 

Sheldon,  Miss  G.  R.,  Madison 

Sheldon,  Mrs.  S.  L.,  Madison 

Shipman,  S.  V.,*  Chicago   

Shunk,  Oscar  T.,  San  Francisco  

Simons,  A.  M.,  Chicago 

Slaughter,  M.  S.,*  Madison 

Slocum,  Charles  E.,  Defiance,  O 

Smith,  Miss  Elizabeth,  De  Pere 

Smith,  Miss  Elizabeth  C.,*  Madison 

Smith,  Goldwin,  Toronto 

Smith,  Mary  R.,  Palo  Alto,  Cal 

Smith,  Mrs.  S.  F.,  Davenport,  la 

Smithsonian  institution,  Washington,  D.  C 

Sober,  Mrs.  Gertrude  C.,*  Madison 

Socialist  labor  party  of  Rhode  Island,  Providence 

Society  of  the  army  of  the  Cumberland,  Washington, 

D.  C. 

Society  of  colonial  dames  of  America,  Colorado  soc. 

Georgia   society    

Indiana   society    

Kentucky  society  

Maine  society  

Maryland  society 

Massachusetts  society  

Michigan  society    

Minnesota  society 

Missouri  society 

New  Hampshire  society  

New  York  society  


Books. 


3 
1 

21 
1 
1 


Pam- 
phlets. 


3 

12 
1 
1 

1 
1 


1 
1 
1 

1 

S 

10 

2 

7 


44 
14" 


*AIso  unbound  serials. 


GIVERS    OF    BOOKS   AND   PAMPHLETS.  7 1 

GIVERS  OP  BOOKS  AND  PAMPHLETS  —  Continued. 


Givers. 


North  Carolina  society  

Ohio  society  

South  Carolina  society 

colonial  wards,  Georgia  society 

Illinois  society 

Iowa  society 

Maryland  society 

Michigan  society 

Missouri  society 

^  New  Hampshire  society 

Onio  society 

Wisconsin  society    

Sons  of  the  American  revolution,  Massachusetts  soc. 

revolution,   Missouri   society    

New  York   society    

Pennsylvania   society    .    ... 

Sons  of  veterans,  division  of  Wisconsin 

Southern  California  historical  society,  Los  Angeles.. 

Spooner,  John  C,  Madison  

Sprague,  Mrs.  F.  P.,  Nahant,  Mass 

Starr,  Frederick,  Chicago  

Stearns,  J.  \V.,  Madison 

Stewart,  Miss  Mary  E.,  Milwaukee 

Stiles,  Lynn  B.,  Milwaukee 

Stoner,  George  W.,  Madison 

Stuntz,  Stephen  C,  Madison  

Suffolk  county  (N.  Y.)  historical  society,  Riverhead. 

Sunset  club,  Chicago 

Sutherland,  James,  Janesville 

Swett,  Charles  E.,  Boston  

Swift,  Lucian,  Minneapolis 


Taggart,  R.  F.,*  Weyauwega 

Talbot,  H.  A.,  De  Pere 

Tanner,  H.  B.,  Kaukauna 

Tasker,  L.  H.,  Niagara  Falls,  Can 

Taylor  county  board  of  supervisors . 

Tenney,  Daniel  K.,  Madison 

Texas  department  of  state,  Austin 

railroad  commissioner,  Austin . . 

state  historical  society,  Austin. 

Thiesz,  J..  Newport,  Ky 

Thomas,  G.  F.,  Milwaukee 

Thomas,  Kirby,*  West  Superior 

Thwaites,  Reuben  G.,  Madison 

Thwaites,  Mrs.  R.  G.,*  Madison 

Ticknor,  Thomas  B.,  Cambridge,  Mass. 

Todd,  W.  C,  Atkinson,  N.  H 

Topeka  (Kans.)  insane  asylum 

Toronto  (Can.)  public  library 

Torrance,  Ell.,  Minneapolis   

Toulouse  university,  Toulouse,  France 


Books. 


21 
35 


31 


2 
12 


Pam- 
phlets. 


2 
1 
2 
1 
7 
276 
47 
3 


65 

2 

244 


10 

16 

4 

1 


1 

2 

25 

91 

5 

1 

2 

4 

2 

38 

4 


♦Also  unbound  serials. 


72  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY. 

GIVERS  OF  BOOKS  AND  PAMPHLETS  — Continued. 


Givers. 


Trempealeau  county  board  of  supervisors 

Trinity  college,  Hartford,  Conn 

Tripp,  J.  B.,  Fond  du  Lac 

Turner,  A.  J.,  Portage 


United  States  board  of  geographic  names 

board  of  Indian  commissioners 

bureau  of  education  

civil  service  commission 

coast  and  geodetic  survey 

commissioner  of  fish  and  fisheries. . 

department  of  agriculture 

department  of  interior. 

department  of  labor 

department  of  mint   

department   of   state    

geological  survey 

naval  academy,  Annapolis,  Md 

naval  observatory   

navy  department   ■ 

patent  office 

superintendent  of  public  documents. 

treasury  department 

war  department    

war   department   library     

Upsala  kongl.  humanistiska  vetenskaps  samfundet 

royal  university  library  

Usher,  Ellis  B.,*  La  Crosse  


Books. 


Vallette,  Marc  F:,  Brooklyn.  N.  Y 

Van  Hise,  Charles  R.,  Madison 

Vermont    commissioner    of    fisheries    and    game,    St. 

Johnsbviry ■ 

university.    Burlington    

Vernon  county  board  of  supervisors  

Vilas,  Charles  H.,  Chicago   

Vilas,  William  F.,  Madison    

Virginia  auditor  of  public  accounts,  Richmond 

governor,    Richmond 


Wallace.  David  B.,  Spartanburg,  S.  C 

Walworth  county  board  of  supervisors 

Warner,  George  E.,  Minneapolis  

Warvelle,  G.  W.,  Chicago 

Washington  state  treasurer,  Olympia 

university  library,  Seattle 

Washington,  D.  C,  public  library 

Washington  and  Lee  university,  Lexington,  Va. 

Washington  county  board  of  supervisors 

Waupaca  county  board  of  supervisors 

Waushara  county  board  of  supervisors 

W'illesley  college,  Wellesley,  Mass 


15 
2 
9 

13 


7 
31 

289 
5 
9 
1 
2 
1 

400 


Pam- 
phlets. 


19 
1 


6 
6 
12 
1 
3 


214 
1 


1 
376 


1     I 


1 
3 
2 
2 
1 
133 
1 
1 
2 
7 
2 
1 


•Also  unbound  seriaLs. 


GIVERS   OF    BOOKS   AND    PAMPHLETS.  73 

GIVERS  OF  BOOKS  AND  PAMPHLETS  — Continued. 


Givers. 


Wells,  O.  E.,  Wausau   

Welsh,  Miss  Iva,*  Madison  

Wesleyan  university,  Middletown,  Conn 

West  Virginia  agricultural  experiment  station,  Mor- 

gantown 

historical     and     antiquarian     society, 

Charlestown 

Western  Reserve  university,  Cleveland,  O 

Wheeler,  O.  D.,  St.  Paul 

Whitford,  W.  C.  Milton  

Wight,  W.  W..  Milwaukee  

William  and  Mary  college.  Williamsburg,  Va 

Williams,  C.  H.,  Baraboo 

Williams  college  library,  Williamstown,  Mass 

AVilliamson,  Joseph,  Belfast,  Me 

Wilson.  J.  S.,  Merrill   

Winchell,  N.  H.,  Minneapolis  

AVinterbotham,  John  M.,  Madison  

Wisconsin    academy    of    sciences,    arts,    and    letters, 

Madison 

bank  examiner.  Madison   

bankers'  association,  Milwaukee  

board     of     regents     of     normal     schools, 

Madison 

Central   r.    r.    co.,    general    passenger   de- 
partment, Milwaukee   

land  department,  Milwaukee....*.... 
cheesemakers'  association,  Madison  .... 
commissioner  of  insurance,  Madison  . . . 
company  E  association,  Kilbourn  City  . . 
department  of  public  instruction,  Madison 

free  library  commission,*  Madison   

geological    and    natural    history    survey, 

Madison 

governor.  Madison   

horticultural  society,  Madison   

industrial  school  for  boys,  Waukesha  . . . 

natural  history  society,  Milwaukee   

press  association,  Jefferson    

state,   Madison    

board  of  control,  Madison 

cranberry      growers'      association, 

Cranmoor    

journal  office,  Madison 

library,  Madison 

normal  school,  Milwaukee 

Oshkosh  

Platteville 

River  Falls 

Stevens  Point 


Books. 


•Also  unbound  serials. 

6 


80 

3 
1 
1 


11 
1 


91 
76 


Pam- 
phlets. 


3 

16 
4 


9 
1 

1 
4 

30 
1 

14 
2 
1 
2 


1 

i 

7 

10 
1 


1 

19 
29 

16 


2 
22 
421 
4 
1 
6 
2 
1 


74  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

GIVERS  OF  BOOKS  AND  PAMPHLETS  — Concluded. 


Givers. 


Wisconsin,  state  normal  school,  Superior 

Wliitewater 

university,  Madison   

agricultural  experiment 

station 

alumni  association  . . 
extension  department 

regents 

veteran  volunteer  infantry  association  of 

3d  regiment,  Milwaukee   

volunteer    infantry,    32d    regiment,    sur 

vivors'  association,  Fond  du  Lac  

whist  association,  Milwaukee 

woman's     christian     temperance     union, 

Baraboo  

Wiswall,  E.  C,  Kenosha 

Woman's  -auxiliary  to  the  civil  service  reform  asso 

elation,  New  York  

Woman's  board  of  missions  of  the  interior,  Chicago 

Woman's  centennial  association,  Marietta,  O 

Worcester  "(Mass.)  free  public  library 

society  of  antiquity  

Wright,  C.  B.  B.,  Milwaukee 

Wyer,  J.  I.,  Lincoln,  Nebr 

Wyman,  W.  H.,  Omaha,  Nebr 

Wyoming  commemorative  association,  Wilkes-Barre, 

Pa 

historical  and  geological  society,  Wilkes- 
Barre,  

university  experiment  station,  Laramie. . 


Books. 


Yale  university.  New  Haven,  Conn 

forest  school,  New  Haven,  Conn. 

Young,  F.  G.,  Eugene,  Ore 

Young  churchman  co.,  Milwaukee  

Young  men's  christian  association,  Scranton,  Pa. 


Pam- 
phlets. 


12 


3 

1 

1 
1 

2 

17 

2 

1 


•Also  unbound  serials. 


MISCELLANEOUS     GIFTS  75 


MISCELLANEOUS  GIFTS. 

MANUSCRIPTS. 

Walter  Alexander,  Milwaukee. — Document  dated  August  1,  1801. 

Miss  Florence  E.  Baker,  Madison, — Reports  of  the  Christian  Endeavor 
societies  of  Wisconsin  for  1895-97. 

Miss  Clara  A.  Billon,  St.  Louis. — Unpublished  MSS.  relating  to  West- 
em  history,  by  Frederick  Billon,  historian  of  St.  Louis;  also,  original 
letters  and  accounts  of  Charles  Gratiot,  Sr. 

Will  H.  Bradley,  Chicago. — Original  drawing  by  him,  for  cover  of 
"Wisconsin  Arbor  and  Bird  Day  Annual,  1900." 

Chris'.  Eimon,  Superior. — Commission  by  Gov.  Alex.  W.  Randall,  of 
Asaph  Whittlesey,  appointed  special  messenger  to  obtain  statements 
of  votes  given  at  the  general  election  of  1860. 

John  Johnston,  Miltcaukee. — Five  of  the  original  books  of  the  old 
Wisconsin  Marine  &  Fire  Insurance  Company  Bank,  mostly  in  the 
handwriting  of  Alexander  Mitchell,  beginning  with  the  opening  of  the 
bank  in  May,  1839;  also,  three  checks,  1849-50,  signed  by  Jackson 
Kemper,  first  bishop  of  the  Northwest,  Protestant  Episcopal  Church; 
also,  two  autographs  of  Rev.  John  Watson,  one  being  his  7ioni  de  plume, 
"Ian  Maclaren." 

George  J.  Kellogg,  Lake  Mills. — Memorandum  by  him,  of  early  re- 
ligious history  of  Southeast  Wisconsin. 

Puhlius  y.  Laicson,  Menasha. — Map  showing  Neenah  and  vicinity, 
with  location  of  Outagamie  and  Winnebago  villages;  also,  map  show- 
ing plan  of  Outagamie  palisaded  village  erected  in  1712,  which  with- 
stood a  three  days'  siege  by  De  Louvigny  in  1716,  with  800  French- 
and  savages,  but  fort  was  abandoned  in  1728. 

Smmuel  Marshall,  Westchester,  Pa. — Memorial  to  congress  of  citizens 
of  Racine,  for  an  appropriation  for  Racine  Harbor,  dated  December, 
1841. 

Calvin  E.  Morley,  Madison. — Roster  of  Company  C,  19th  Wisconsin 
volunteer  infantry,  mustered   into  service  March  4,   1862,  at  Racine. 

W.  A.  P.  Morris,  Madisen. — Autograph  of  Booker  T.  Washington, 
Tuskegee,  Alabama. 

Mrs.  W.  H.  Richardson,  Morristown,  Pa. — Memorandum  book,  in  mod- 
ern Chippewa,  found  in  1897  on  grave  of  an  Indian  at  Burntside  Lake, 
Minn. 

John  8.  Koesler,  Sheboygan. — Data  collected  by  him,  bearing  upon 
European  immigration  into  Wisconsin;   also,  a  MS.  map  showing  tlie 


76  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY. 

location  of  foreign  groups  in  Wisconsin,  based  upon  the  above  data 
and  tlie  U.  S.  census  of  1890. 

John  E.  Thomas,  Sheboygan  Falls. — "Cyphering  book"  and  eight 
other  books  of  accounts,  kept  by  Nathan  Bolles  of  Hartford,  Conn., 
1770-1806;  together  with  a  letter  from  Mr.  Thomas  explaining  the  man- 
ner of  his  obtaining  them,  he  having  descended  from  the  Bolles  (or 
Bowles)   family. 

Ellis  B.  Usher;  La  Crosse. — Paper  on  "German  Influence  in  the  West," 
read  before  the  Hamilton  Club  of  La  Crosse,  May  1,  1899,  by  Louis 
"V.  Bennett  of  Anaconda.  Montana;  also,  MS.  records  of  Northwestern 
Horticultural  Society;  also,  pen  and  charcoal  sketch,  by  A.  Reckert, 
of  first  house  erected  at  La  Crosse,  by  Nathan  Myrick,  1842. 

OIL   PORTRAITS. 

Walter  Alexander,  Wausau. — Portrait  of  Hon.  Walter  D.  Mclndoe,  of 
Wausau,  member  of  the  37th-39th  congresses,  1863-67,  painted  by  J. 
R.  Stuart,  Madison,  September,  1899. 

Ferdinand  Meinecke,  Mihvaukee. — Portrait  of  his  father,  Adolph 
Meinecke,  sr.,  of  Milwaukee.  / 

Horace  A.  J.  Upham,  Milwaukee. — Portrait  of  his  father,  Don  A.  J. 
Upham,  president  of  the  first  constitutional  convention  of  Wisconsin. 

DAGUERREOTYPES   AXU   PHOTOGRAPHS. 

Mrs.  Eva  Mills  Anderson,  Manitowoc. — Daguerreotype  of  Hon.  A.  D. 
Smith,  associate  justice  of  Wisconsin  supreme  court,  1853-59. 

Horace  Beach,  Prairie  du  Chien. — Group  of  members  of  Wisconsin 
assembly,  1864. 

William  F.  Brown,  Beloit. — Portrait  (framed)  of  Rev.  Moses  Ord- 
way,  who  reorganized  and  supplied  the  First  Presbyterian  church  of 
Green  Bay,  Wis.,  October,  1836-April,  1837 — apparently,  therefore, 
the  first  resident  Protestant  minister  of  Wisconsin.  This  crayon  por- 
trait was  taken  from  an  old  daguerreotype  in  the  possession  of  Mrs. 
Hiram  Booth,  Beaver  Dam. 

Daughters  of  American  Revolution.  Charleston,  S.  C. — View  of  graves 
of  three  members  of  Second  Regiment,  Wisconsin  Volunteers,  who 
died  in  camp  at  Charleston,  during  Spanish-American  war. 

William  H.  Froehlich,  Madison. — Portrait  of  William  H.  Froehiich, 
secretary  of  state  of  Wisconsin,  1899-1902. 

Franklin  Hatheway,  Chicago. — Portrait  of  himself,  taken  on  his  80th 
birthday. 

J.  T.  Holmes,  Columbus. — Portrait  of  his  grandfather.  Col.  Joseph 
Holmes,  who  became  a  resident  of  Northwest  Territory  before  1799; 
he  was  born  January  27,  1771,  and  died  April  20,  1868;  portrait  taken 


MISCELLANEOUS     GIFTS.  77 

■when  he  was  91  years  old.  Also,  portrait  of  Sarah  McNabb  Holmes, 
"Wife  of  foregoing;  she  was  born  August  26,  1783,  and  married  Joseph 
Holmes  February  26,  1799;  died  March  5,  1862;  portrait  was  taken 
when  she  was  79  years  old. 

Miss  Elizabeth  Smith,  Be  Pere. — Three  views  of  Red  Banks,  on  Green 
Bay,  1897;  also,  two  views  of  lock  at  De  Pere,  1897,  it  being  the  only 
one  on  Fox  River  built  of  wood. 

8.  L.  Stein,  Mihcaiikee. — Flash-light  picture  of  the  banquet  to  Presi- 
dent McKinley  and  cabinet,  by  the  Merchants  and  Manufacturers'  As- 
sociation of  Milwaukee,  Hotel  Pfister,  October  16,  1899. 

R.  G.  Thwaites,  Madison. — Views  of  horticultural,  dairy,  and  law 
buildings,  Washburn  observatory,  university  hall,  south  hall,  and 
farm  barns.  University  of  Wisconsin;  also,  university  boat  crew,  and 
view  of  university  and  vicinity  from  the  capitol;  also,  collection  of 
photographs  of  Fort  Necessity  and  neighborhood,  on  the  Braddock 
road,  Pennsylvania;  also  photographs  of  oil  paintings  of  Judge  Charles 
K.  Dunn,  Govs.  James  D.  Doty,  Henry  Dodge,  and  Alexander  W.  Ran- 
dall, and  Chief  Justice  Edward  V.  Whiton;  also,  portraits  of  Charles 
Sumner,  Prof.  Samuel  F.  B.  Morse,  and  three  Winnebago  Indians — 
Spoon  Decorah  (1887),  Big  Hawk  (1889),  and  David  Big  Hawk  (1889) ; 
also,  views  of  Governor  Doty's  house  on  Doty's  Island  (1900),  Maiden 
Rock,  public  library  at  Scranton  (Pa.),  and  Pilgrim's  Beach  at 
Plymouth. 

O.  D.  Wheeler,  St.  Paul. — Views  of  monument  of  Captain  Meriwether 
Lewis;  also,  photographs  of  three  discharge  papers  of  William 
Bratton. 

HISTORICAL  RELICS. 

Fred  Z.  Alexander,  Spokane,  Wash. — Uniform  of  a  Filipino  insurgent, 
sent  by  Edward  D.  Furman  of  Co.  A,  First  Washington  volunteers, 
who  was  formerly  of  De  Soto,  Wis. 

Fred  Chapman,  Harrivian,  Tenn. — Stone  arrow  heads  from  Emory 
River  flat,  near  Harriman. 

Wolfgang  Frederick,  National  Military  Home.  Kansas. ^Chart  show- 
ing military  record  of  himself  during  War  of  Secession;  also,  oil- 
cloth letter-holder,  carried  by  him  in  the  same  war  while  a  member 
of  the  Second  Wisconsin  cavalry. 

D.  W.  Osborn,  Oshkosh. — Copper  skimmer  and  gouge  exhumed  In 
1899  from  burial  ground  in  sand  pit  on  Okron  farm,  south  side  ol 
Lake  Butte  des  Morts,  town  of  Algoma,  Winnebago  county. 

Mrs.  Hannah  E.  Patchin,  New  London.— Copper  spear-head  taken 
from  an  Indian  mound. 


78  WISCONSIN   HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

H.  E.  Story,  Belleville. — ^Envelope  used  for  secret  ballot  in  the  Massa- 
chusetts assembly  of  1851,  when  Charles  Sumner  was  elected  United 
States  senator. 

R.  O.  Thwaites,  Madison. — Outline  of  silver  cross  exhumed  from  a 
mound  in  Green  Bay,  about  1835;  bears  monogram  "C.  A.,"  stamped 
in  center. 

A.  Van  Deusen,  Madison. — Skull  and  bones  found  in  a  sandpit  In 
South  Madison,  July  10,  1900,  upon  the  Oregon  road. 

Mrs.  WilJard,  Woodstock,  III. — Shuttle  used  by  Susan  Edwards  from 
1840  to  1880. 

UNCLASSIFIED. 

Albee  Memorial  Committee,  State  Normal  School,  Oshkosh. — Plaster 
bust  of  President  George  S.  Albee. 

Battleship  Committee,  per  Julius  Bleyer,  Secy.,  Milwaukee. — Plaster 
cast  (bronzed)  of  the  badger  placed  by  the  state  on  the  battleship 
"Wisconsin." 

Gensamro  S.  Ishikawa,  Madison. — Two  Japanese  coins. 

Lucien  S.  Hanks,  Madison. — Set  of  four  silver  musical  tubes  to  be 
used  as  the  closing  signal  for  reading  room  in  the  new  building. 

S.  M.  Long,  La  Valle. — Chinese  back  scratcher. 

D.  W.  Osborn,  Oshkosh. — Boer  pipe  and  tobacco  pouch  (made  from 
two  sheep  bladders),  from  Spreeuwfontein,  Prince  Albert  gold  fields. 
South  Africa. 

Miss  Mary  E.  Stewart,  Milwaukee. — Twenty-six  pieces  of  china  and 
tableware,  some  of  curious  design,  and  others  of  historical  interest; 
also,  a  splint-bottomed  chair. 

B.  J.  Thompson,  Waverly. — Section  of  curiously-grown  basswood  tree. 
Egbert  "Wyman,  Crandon. — Mounted  badger. 


NEWSPAPERS   AND   PERIODICALS    RECEIVED.  79 


NEWSPAPERS    AND    PERIODICALS   REGULARLY   RECEIVED   AT 

THE  LIBRARY  OF  THE  STATE  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY 

OF  WISCONSIN 

[Corrected  to  January  1,  1901]. 

WISCOXSIS'  NEWSPAPERS. 

The  following  Wisconsin  newspapers  are,  through  the  gift  of  the 
publishers,  now  received  at  the  library  and  bound;  all  of  them  are 
weekly  editions,  except  where  otherwise  noted: 

Albany — Albany  Vindicator. 

Algoma — Algoma  Record. 

Alma — Buffalo  County  Journal. 

Antigo — Antigo  Republican;  W'eekly  News  Item. 

Appleton — Appleton  Crescent  (d  and  w) ;  Appleton  Volksfreund;  Ap- 
pleton  Weekly  Post;  Gegenwart;  Montagsblatt. 

Arcadia — Arcadian;  Leader. 

Ashland — Ashland  Daily  Press;  Ashland  News  (d);  Ashland  Weekly 
Press;  Helping  Hand  (m). 

Augusta — ^Eagle. 

Baldwin — Baldwin  Bulletin. 

Baraboo — Baraboo  Republic;   Sauk  County  Democrat. 

Barron — Barron  County  Shield. 

Bayfield — Bayfield  County  Press. 

Beaver  Dam — Beaver  Dam  Argus;  Dodge  County  Citizen. 

Belleville — Sugar  River  Recorder. 

Belmont — Belmont  Bee. 

Beloit — Beloit  Free  Press  (d  and  w). 

Benton — Mining  Times. 

Berlin — Berlin  Weekly  Journal. 

Blaclc  River  Falls — Badger  State  Banner;   Jackson  County  JoumaL 

Bloomer — Bloomer  Advance. 

Bloomington — Bloomington  Record. 

Boscobel — Dial-Enterprise. 

Brandon — Brandon  Times. 

Brodhead — Brodhead  Independent;  Brodhead  Register;  Wisconsin 
Citizen   (m). 

Brooklyn — Brooklyn  News. 

Burlington — Standard  Democrat  (German  and  English  editions). 

Comftrta^-Cambria  News. 

Cassville — Cassville  Index. 


8o  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

Cedarburg — Cedarburg  News. 

Chetek — Chetek  Alert. 

Chilton — Chilton  Times. 

Chippewa  Falls — Catholic  Sentinel;  Chippewa  Times;  Weekly  Herald. 

Clinton — Clinton  Herald;   Rock  County  Banner. 

Colby — Phonograph. 

Columbus — Columbus  Democrat. 

Crandon — Forest  Republican. 

Cumberland — Cumberland  Advocate. 

Dale — Dale  Recorder. 

Darlington — Darlington  Democrat;  Republican-Journal. 

Deerfield — Enterprise-Leader. 

De  Forest — De  Forest  Times. 

Delavan — Delavan  Enterprise;  Delavah  Republican;  Wisconsin  Times. 

De  Pere — Annals  of  St.  Joseph  (m);  Brown  County  Democrat;  De 
Pere  News. 

Dodgeville — Dodgeville  Chronicle;  Dodgeville  Sun;  Semi-Weekly 
Iowa  County  Reporter. 

Durand — Entering  Wedge;    Pepin  County  Courier. 

Eagle  Kiver — Vilas  County  News. 

Eau  Claire — Daily  Telegram;  Weekly  Free  Press;  Weekly  Leader; 
Weekly  Telegram. 

Edgerton — Wisconsin  Tobacco  Reporter. 

Elkhorn — Blade;  Elkhorn  Independent. 

Ellsworth — Pierce  County  Herald. 

Elroy — Elroy  Tribune. 

Evansville — Badger;  Enterprise;   Evansville  Review;   Tribune. 

Fennimore — Times  Review. 

Florence — Florence  Mining  News. 

Fond  du  Lac — American  Churchman  (m) ;  Commonwealth  (s-w) ; 
Daily  Reporter. 

Fort  Atkinson — Hoard's  Dairyman;   Jefferson  County  Union. 

Fountain  City — Alma  Blaetter;  Buffalo  County  Republikaner. 

Friendship — Adams  County  Press. 

Grand  Rapids — Grand  Rapids  Tribune;  Wood  County  Reporter. 

Orantsburg — Burnett  County  Sentinel;  Journal  of  Burnett  County. 

Green  Bay— Green  Bay  Advocate  (s-w);  Green  Bay  Review;  Green 
Bay  Semi-Weekly  Gazette. 

Hancock — Hancock  News. 

Hartford — Hartford  Press. 

Hudson — Hudson  Star-Times;   True  Republican. 

Hurley — Iron  County  Republican;   Montreal  River  Miner. 

Independence — Independence  News  Wave. 


NEWSPAPERS    AND    PERIODICALS    RECEIVED.  8 1 

Janesville — Daily  Gazette;  Recorder  and  Times;  Wisconsin  Drug- 
gist's Exchange  (m). 

Jefferson — Jefferson  Banner. 

Juneau — Independent;  Juneau  Telephone. 

Kaukauna — Kaukauna  Sun;   Kaukauna  Times. 

Kenosha — Kenosha  Evening  News  ,(d);  Kenosha  Union;  Telegraph- 
Courier. 

Kewaunee — Kewaunee   Enterprise;    Kewaunske   Listy. 

Kilbourn  City — Mirror-Gazette. 

La  Crosse — Indremissionaeren;  La  Crosse  Chronicle  (d  and  w) ;  La 
Crosse  Daily  Press;  Herold  und  Volksfreund;  Nord-Stern;  Nord-Stern 
Blatter;  Republican  and  Leader  (d  and  w). 

Lake  Geneva — Herald. 

Lake  Mills — Lake  Mills  Leader. 

Lake  Nebagamon — Nebagamon  Enterprise. 

Lancaster — Grant  County  Herald;  Weekly  Teller. 

Linden — South  W^est  Wisconsin. 

Lodi — Lodi  Valley  News. 

Madison — American  Thresherman  (m) ;  Amerika;  Daily  Cardinal; 
Madison  Democrat  (d);  Madison  Methodist  (m);  Mandt's  Weekly;  Mo- 
nona Lake  Quarterly;  Motor  (m);  News;  Northwestern  Mail;  State; 
Weekly  Madisonian;  Wisconsin  Botschafter;  Wisconsin  Farmer;  Wis- 
consin Staatz-Zeitung ;  Wisconsin  State  Journal  (d  and  w). 

Manitowoc — Manitowoc  Citizen;  Manitowoc  Daily  Herald;  Manito- 
woc Pilot;  Manitowoc  Post;   Nord-Westen;  Wahrheit. 

Marinette — Eagle  (d  and  w) ;  Forposten. 

Mattoon — Mattoon  Clarion. 

Marshfield — Marshfield  Times. 

Mauston — Juneau  County  Chronicle;  Mauston  Star. 

Medford — Taylor  County  Star  and  News;  Waldbote. 

Menasha — Menasha  Evening  Breeze   (d);   Our  Church  Life   (m). 

Menomonee  Falls — Wisconsin  Agitator  (m). 

Menomonie — Dunn  County  News;  Menomonie  Times;  Menomonie 
Nordstern. 

Merrill — Lincoln  County  Anzieger;  Merrill  Advocate;  Wisconsin 
Thalbote. 

Merrillan — Wisconsin  Leader. 

Middleton — Middleton  Times-Herald. 

Milton — Weekly  Telephone. 

Mihvaukee — Acker-und  Gartenbau-Zeitung  (s-m);  American  School 
Board  Journal  (m) ;  Church  Times  (m);  Columbia;  Evangelisch- 
Lutherisches  Gemeinde-Blatt  (s-m);  Evening  Wisconsin  (d);  Excel- 
sior; Germania  (s-w);  Germania  und  Abend  Post  (d) ;  Kuryer  Polski 
(d);  Lamplighter  (m);  Masonic  Tidings  (m);  Milwaukee  Daily  News; 


82  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

Milwaukee  Herold  (s-w  and  d);  Milwaukee  Journal  (d);  Milwaukee 
Sentinel  (d);  Seebote  (s-w) ;  Union  Signal;  Wahrheit;  Wisconsin 
Banner  und  Volksfreund  (s-w);  Wisconsin  Vorwarts;  Wisconsin 
Weather  and  Crop  Journal  (m);  Wisconsin  Weekly  Advocate;  Young 
Churchman. 

Mineral  Point — Iowa  County  Dejpocrat;  Mineral  Point  Tribune. 

Minoqua — Minoqua  Times. 

Mondovi — Mondovi  Herald. 

Monroe — Journal-Gazette;  Monroe  Daily  Journal;  Monroe  Evening 
Times;   Monroe  Sentinel. 

Montello — Montello  Express. 

Mount  Horeb — Mount  Horeb  Times. 

Necedah — Necedah  Republican. 

Neenah — Friend  and  Guide. 

Neillsville — Neillsville  Times;  Republican  and  Press. 

New  Lisbon — New  Lisbon  Times. 

New  London — New  London  Press;  New  London  Republican. 

Neic  Richmond — Republican-Voice. 

North  La  Crosse — Weekly  Argus. 

Oconomowoc — Oconomowoc  Republican;  Wisconsin  Free  Press. 

Oconto — Herald;  Oconto  County  Reporter. 

Omro — Omro  Herald;  Omro  Journal. 

Oneida  Reservation — Oneida  (irreg). 

Oregon — Oregon  Observer. 

Osceola — Osceola  Sun;   Polk  County  Press. 

Oshkosh — Daily  Northwestern;  Weekly  Times;  Wisconsin  Telegraph. 

Palmyra — Palmyra  Enterprise. 

Pardeeville — Crank;   Pardeeville  Times. 

Pepin — Pepin  Star. 

Peshtigo — Peshtigo  Times. 

Phillips — Bee;  Phillips  Times. 

Pittsville — Yellow  River  Pilot. 

Plainfield — Sun, 

Platteville — Grant  County  News;   Grant  County  Witness. 

Plymouth — Plymouth  Reporter;  Plymouth  Review. 

Portage — Portage  Weekly  Democrat;  Wisconsin  State  Register. 

Port  Washington — Port  Washington  Star;  Port  Washington  Zeitung. 

Poynette — Poynette  Press. 

Prairie  du  Chien — Courier;  Prairie  du  Chien  Union. 

Prentice — Prentice  Calumet. 

Prescott — Prescott  Tribune.        « 

Princeton — Princeton  Republic. 

Racine — Racine  Journal;  Racine  Daily  Times;  Slavie;  Wisconsin 
Agriculturist  (s-m). 


NEWSPAPERS   AND   PERIODICALS    RECEIVED.  83 

Reedshurg — Reedsburg  Free  Press. 

Rhinelander — Rhinelander  Herald;  Vindicator. 

Rice  Lake — Rice  Lake  Chronotype;  Rice  Lake  Leader. 

Richland  Center — Republican  Observer;  Richland  Rustic. 

Rio — Columbia  County  Reporter. 

Ripon — Advance  Press;  Ripon  Commonwealth. 

River  Falls — River  Falls  Journal. 

St.  Croix  Falls — St.  Croix  Valley  Standard. 

Shawano — Shawano  Folksbote. 

Sheboygan — Sheboygan  Herald;  Sheboygan  Telegram  (d). 

Sheboygan  Falls — Sheboygan  County  News. 

Shell  Lake — Shell  Lake  Watchman;   Washburn  County  Register. 

Shiocton — Shiocton  News. 

Shullsburg — Pick  and  Gad;  Southwestern  Local. 

Sinsinawa — Young  Eagle   (m). 

Soldiers  Grove — Advance. 

Sparta — Monroe  County  Democrat;  Sparta  Herald. 

Spring  Green — Weekly  Home  News. 

Stanley — Stanley  Republican. 

Stevens  Point — Gazette;  Stevens  Point  Journal. 

Stoughton — Stoughton  Courier;  Stoughton  Hub. 

Sturgeon  Bay — Advocate;   Door  County  Democrat. 

Sun  Prairie — Prairie  Sun;  Sun  Prairie  Countryman. 

Superior — Evening  Telegram  (d);  Inland  Ocean;  Superior  Leader 
<d);  Superior  Tidende;  Superior  Times;  Superior  Wave;  Superior 
W^eekly  Telegram. 

Thorp — ITiorp  Courier. 

Toniah — Tomah  Journal. 

Tomahaick — Tomahawk. 

Trempealeau — Trempealeau  Herald. 

Two  Rivers — Chronicle. 

Union  Grove — Union  Grove  Enterprise. 

Valley  Junction — Valley  Advocate. 

Viola — Intelligencer. 

ViroQua — Vernon  County  Censor;  Viroqua  Republican. 

Warrens — Warrens  Index. 

Washburn — Washburn  Times. 

Waterford — Waterford  Post. 

Waterloo — Waterloo  Journal. 

Watertown — Watertown  Gazette;   Watertown  Republican. 

Waukesha — Waukesha  Dispatch;  Waukesha  Freeman. 

Waupaca — Waupaca  Post;  Waupaca  Record;  Waupaca  Republican. 

Waupun — Waupun  Leader;  Waupun  Times. 


84  WISCONSIN   HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

Wausau — Central  Wisconsin;  Deutsche  Pionier;  Wausau  Pilot;  Wau- 
sau  Record  (d  and  w). 

Wautoma — Waushara  Argus. 

West  Bend — Washington  County  Pilot;  West  Bend  Democrat. 
Weyauwega — Deutsche  Chronik;   Weyauwega  Chronicle. 
Whitewater — Whitewater  Gazette;  Whitewater  Register. 
Wonewoc — Wonewoc  Gazette;  Wonewoc  Reporter. 

OTHER   NEWSPAPERS 

are  received  as  follows  either  by  gif*'  or  purchase: 

Alabama. 

Tuskegee — Southern  Letter  (m). 

Alaska. 

Sitka — Alaskan. 

Arizona. 

Phoenix — Arizona  Republican. 

California. 

Oakland — Signs  of  the  Times. 

San  Francisco — Advance  (m) ;  Coast  Seamen's  Journal;  Free  So- 
ciety; San  Francisco  Chronicle  (d);   San  Francisco  Tageblatt. 

Colorado. 

Denver — Christian  (m) ;  Retail  Clerks'  National  Advocate  (m) ;: 
Weekly  Rocky  Mountain  News. 

Pinon — Altrurian  (m). 

Pueblo — Pueblo  Courier. 

Connecticut. 

Hartford — Locomotive  ( m ) . 
New  Britain — Independent. 

District  of  Columbia. 

Washington — Monthly  Journal  of  International  Association  of  Ma- 
chinists; National  Tribune;  Stone-cutters'  Journal;  Views;  Washing- 
ton Post  (d);  Woman's  Tribune  (s-m). 

Georgia. 

Atlanta — Atlanta  Constitution  (d),-' 

Illinois. 

Bloomington — Tailor   (m);   Trades  Review. 

Chicago — American  Lumberman;  Chicago-Posten ;  Chicago  Times- 
Herald  (d);  Chicago  Tribune  (d);  Chicagoer  Arbeiter-Zeitung  (d); 
Christelige  Talsmand;  Cigar  Makers'  OflScial  Journal  (m);  Fackel; 
Flaming  Sword;  Folke-Vennen;  Forward  Movement  (m) ;  Hemlandet; 


NEWSPAPERS   AND    PERIODICALS    RECEIVED.  85 

Home  Visitor  (m) ;  International  Wood-Worker  (m) ;  Labor  Exchange 
Advertiser;  Lucifer;  National  Democrat;  Neighbor  (m);  Public; 
Skandinaven  (s-w);  Social  Democratic-Herald;  Standard;  Svenska 
Amerikanaren;   Union  Label  Bulletin   (s-m) ;    Vorbote;   Workers'  Call. 

Evanston — Social  Crusader  (m). 

Fulton — Mystical  Worker. 

Galesburg — Galesburg  Labor  News. 

Quincy — Quincy  Labor  News. 

Indiana. 

Indianapolis — Buchdrucker-Zeitung;    Indiana  Tribiine    (d);   Union. 
La  Fayette — Painters'  Journal  (m). 

Iowa. 

Cedar  FaTls — Dannevirke. 

Decorah — Decorah-Posten  (s-w);  Evangelisk  Luthersk  Kirketidende. 

Lake  iriils — Republikaneren. 

Kansas. 

Gerard — Appeal  to  Reason. 
Independence — Star  and  Kansan. 
Topeka — Kansas  Semi-weekly  Capital. 

Louisiana. 
Neio  Orleans — Times- Democrat  (d). 

Maine. 

Portland — Board  of  Trade  Journal  (m). 

Massachusetts. 

Boston — Boston  Herald  (d) ;  Boston  Ideas;  Christian  Register; 
Christian  Science  Sentinel;  Granite  Cutters'  Journal  (m) ;  Temperance 
<:!auso  (m). 

Groton — Groton  Landmark. 

Holyoke — Biene. 

Michigan. 

Detroit — Herold;    Motorman  and  Conductor    (m). 
Harbor  Springs — Anishinabe  Enamiad  (m). 
Marquette — Mining  Journal. 
Saginaw — Exponent. 

Minnesota. 

Duhith — Labor  World;  Union  Label  Advocate.   • 

Minneapolis — Folkebladet;  Illustreret  Familie- Journal ;  Lutheran©- 
ren;  Minneapolis  Tidende;  Northwestern  Miller;  Nye  Normanden; 
Progress;    Representative;    Skandinavisk   Farmer-Journal ;    Ugebladet. 

St.  Paul — Canadien;  Minnesota  Stats  Tidning;  Nordvesten;  Pioneer 
Press   (d) ;   Twin  City  Guardian. 

Winona — Westlicher  Herold;  Sonntags-Winona. 


86  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

MiSSOXTRl. 

St.  Louis — ^Altruist  (m) ;  American  Pressman  (m) ;  Trackmen's  Ad- 
vance Advocate  (m). 

Montana, 
Butte  City — Butte  Weekly  Miner. 

Nebbaska. 
Omaha — Danske  Pioneer;  True  Populist;  Western  Laborer. 

New  York. 

Binghampton — Independent. 

Buffalo — Arbeiter  Zeitung. 

New  York — American  Economist;  American  Fabian  (m) ;  Arbeit- 
aren;  Commonwealth;  Fourth  Estate;  Freiheit;  Irish  World;  New 
York  Tribune  (d);  New  Yorker  Volkszeitung  (d);  Nordiske  Blade; 
People  (w  and  s-w) ;  Record  and  Guide;  St.  Andrew's  Cross  (m) ; 
Sentinel  of  Liberty;   Straight  Edge;   Sun   (d) ;  Vorwarts. 

Syracuse — Northern  Christian  Advocate. 

Troy — Troy  Advocate. 

NoBTH  Dakota. 

Grand  Forks — Normanden. 

Hillsboro — Folkets  Avis;  Statsidende. 

Ohio. 

Cincinnati — Brauer  Zeitung;  Cincinnatier-Zeitung  (d). 

Cleveland — Arbeiter  Socialistiche  Zeitung;  Bakers'  Journal;  Cleve- 
land Citizen. 

Columbus — American  Issue  (m). 

Oeegox. 

Portland — Weekly  Oregonian. 

Pennsylvania. 

Erie — Public  Ownership  (m). 

Lancaster — Labor  Leader. 

Philadelpfiia — American  Trade    (s-m) ;   Carpenter   (m). 

Pittsburg — Amalgamated  Sheet  Metal  Workers'  Journal  (m) ;  Na- 
tional Glass  Budget;  National  Labor  Tribune. 

South  Carolina. 

Charleston — Weekly  News  and  Courier. 

South  Dakota. 

Sioux  Fafls — Fremad;  Syd  Dakota  Ekko. 

Utah. 

Salt  Lake  City— Beseret  News  (s-w) ;  Living  Issues;  Salt  Lake  Semi- 
Weekly  Tribune. 


NEWSPAPERS   AND    PERIODICALS    RECEIVED.  87 

VlBGINIA. 

Lawrenceville — Southern  Missioner. 

Richmond — Twice-a-Week  Times. 
Washington. 

Burley — Co-operator. 

Equality — Industrial  Freedom;  Young  Socialist  (m). 

Home — Discontent.  '        "  ■     ■ 

Parkland — Pacific  Herold. 

Seattle — Seattle  Times. 

Spokane — Freemen's  Labor  Journal. 
Bbitish  Columbia. 

Victoria — Semi- Weekly  Colonist. 

Canada. 

Montreal — Cultivateur;  Montreal  Gazette  (d). 

Quebec — Revue  Medicale. 

Toronto — Citizen  &  Country;  Daily  Mail  and  Empire. 
Cuba. 

San  Juan — San  Juan  News. 
England. 

London — Free  Russia;  Times  (w). 

Germany. 
Frankfort — Wochenblatt  der  Frankfurter  Zeitung. 

Germany. 

Winnipeg — Manitoba  Free  Press  ( s-w ) . 

periodicals 

received  at  the  library,  by  gift,  purchase,  and  exchange: 
Academy,     (w.)     London. 
Alumni  Report,     (m.)     Philadelphia. 
American  Anthropologist,     (q.)     New  York. 

Antiquarian,     (bi-m.)     Chicago. 

Catholic  Historical  Researches,     (q.)     Philadelphia. 

Catholic  Historical  Society,  Records,     (q.)     Philadelphia. 

Catholic  Quarterly  Review.     Philadelphia. 

Economic  Association,  Publications.    New  York. 

Geographical  Society,  Bulletin,     (q.)     New  York. 

Historical  Magazine,     (q.)     Nashville. 

Historical  Review,     (q.)     New  York. 

Journal  of  Archaeology,     (bi-m.)     Norwood,  Mass. 

Missionary,     (q.)     New  York. 

Monthly  Magazine.     Washington. 

Queen,     (m.)     New  York. 

Statistical  Association,  Publications,     (q.)     Boston. 


88  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

Annals  of  Iowa,     (q.)     Des  Moines. 

Antiquary,     (m.)     London. 

Arena,     (m.)     New  York. 

Athenaeum,     (w.)     London. 

Atlantic  Monthly.     Boston. 

Bible  Society  Record,     (m.)     New  York. 

Biblia.     (m).     Meriden,  Conn. 

Bibliotheca  Sacra,     (q.)     Oberlin,  Ohio. 

Blackwood's  Magazine,     (m.)     Edinburgh. 

Boiler  Makers'  and  Iron  Ship  Builders'  Journal,     (m.)     Kansas  City, 
Kansas.  .\ 

Book  Buyer,     (m.)     New  York. 

Book  Reviews,     (m.)     New  York. 

Bookman     (m. )     New  York. 

Bookseller,     (m.)     London. 

Boston  Book  Co.,  Bulletin  of  Bibliography,     (q.) 

Boston  Public  Library,  Monthly  Bulletin. 

Brotherhood  of  Locomotive  Engineers'  Journal,     (m.)     Cleveland. 

Bulletin,     (m.)     Evansville,  Wis. 

Bulletin,     (m.)     Nashville,  Tenn. 

Bulletin  des  Recherches  Historiques.     (m.)     Levis,  Canada. 
Bureau  of  American  Republics,  Monthly  Bulletin.     Washington. 
Cambridge  (Mass.)   Public  Library  Bulletin,     (m.) 
Canadian  Antiquarian  and  Numismatic  Journal,     (q.)     Montreal. 
Bookseller,     (m.)     Toronto. 
History,     (q.)      St.  John,  N.  B. 
Magazine,     (m.)     Toronto. 
Patent  Office  Record,     (m.)     Ottawa. 
Catholic  World,     (m.)     New  York. 
Century,     (m.)     New  York.  ' 

Charities,     (w.)     New  York. 
Charities  Review,     (m.)     New  York. 
Christian  Science  Journal,     (m.)     Boston. 
Church  Record     (m.)     Clinton,  Wis.     ./ 
Clinique.     (m.)     Chicago. 
College  Chips,     (m.)     Decorah,  Iowa. 
Columbia  University  Quarterly.     New  York. 
Columbia  University,  Studies  in  Political  Science.     New  York. 
Commons,     (m.)     Chicago. 

Comptes  Rendus  de  I'Athenee  Louisianais.     (m.)     New  Orleans. 
Connecticut  Magazine,     (m.)     Hartford. 
Contemporary  Review,     (m.)     London. 
Cook's  Excursionist,     (m.)     New  York. 
Cosmopolitan,     (m.)     New  York. 


NEWSPAPERS    AND    PERIODICALS    RECEIVED.  89 

Cosmopolitan  Osteopath,     (m.)     Des  Moines. 

Courrier  du  Livre.     (m.)     Quebec. 

Criterion,     (m.)     New  York. 

Critic,     (m.)     New  York. 

Current  History,     (q.)     Buffalo. 

Dedham  Historical  Register,     (q.)     Dedham,  Mass. 

Dial,     (s-m.)     Chicago. 

Dietetic  and  Hygienic  Gazette,     (m.)     New  York. 

Dublin  Review,     (q.)     Dublin. 

Economic  Studies,     (bi-m.)     New  York. 

Edinburgh  Review,     (q.)     Edinburgh. 

English  Historical  Review,     (q.)     London. 

Essex  Antiquarian,     (m.)      Salem,  Mass. 

Essex  Institute  Historical  Collections,     (q.)     Salem,  Mass. 

Evangelical  Episcopalian,     (m.)     Chicago. 

Fame,     (m.)     New  York. 

Folk  Lore,     (q.)     London. 

Fortnightly  Review,     (m.)     London. 

Forum,     (m.)     New  York. 

Genealogical  Quarterly  Magazine.     Salem,  Mass. 

Genealogical  Queries  and  Memoranda,     (q.)     London. 

Gideon  Quarterly.     Madison,  Wis. 

Gitche  Gumee.     (m.)     West  Superior,  Wis. 

Good  Government,     (m.)     New  York. 

Grant  Family  Magazine,     (bi-m.)     Montclair,  N.  J. 

Graphic,     (w. )     London. 

Hale  House  Log.     (bi-m.)     Boston. 

Harper's  Magazine,     (m.)     New  York. 

Harper's  Weekly.     New  York. 

Hartford  Seminary  Record,     (q.)     Hartford,  Conn. 

Harvard  University  Calendar,     (w.)     Cambridge. 

Hiram  House  Life,     (bi-m.)     Cleveland. 

Home  Missionary,     (q.)     New  York. 
Illustrated  London  News,     (w.)     London. 
Illustrated  Official  Journal  (Patents),     (w.)     London. 

Independent,     (w.)     New  York. 

Index  Library,     (q.)     London. 

International  Good  Templar,      (m.)     Milwaukee. 

International  Socialist  Review,     (m.)     Chicago. 

Iowa  Historical  Record,     (q.)     Iowa  City. 

Iowa  Masonic  Library,  Quarterly  Bulletin.     Cedar  Rapids. 

Iron  Moulders'  Journal,     (m.)     Cincinnati. 

Irrigation  Age.     (m.)     Chicago. 

Johns  Hopkins  University  Studies.     Baltimore. 

7 


go  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

Journal  of  American  Folk-Lore,     (q.)     Boston, 

Cincinnati  Society  of  Natural  History,     (q.)     Cincinnati. 

Metal  Polishers,  Buffers,  Platers,  etc.     (m.)     Detroit. 

Political   Economy,     (q.)     Chicago. 

the  Franklin  Institute,     (m.)     Philadelphia. 

the  Switchmen's  Union,     (m.)     Omaha. 

Zoophily.     (m.)     Philadelphia. 
Kansas  University  Quarterly.     Lawrence. 
Kingsley  House  Record,     (m.)     Pittsburg. 
Kodak,     (m.)     Milwaukee. 
Lamp,     (m.)     Oshkosh. 
Lewisiana.     (m.)     Guilford,  Conn. 
Library  Journal,     (m.)     New  York. 

Library  Record:  Bulletin  of  Jersey  City  (N.  J.)  Public  Library.    (m.> 
Light,     (m.)     La  Crosse. 
Literary  Era.     (m.)     Philadelphia. 
Literary  News,     (m.)     New  York. 
Littell's  Living  Age.     (w.)     Boston. 
Living  Church  Quarterly.     Milwaukee. 
Locomotive,     (m.)     Hartford,  Conn. 
Locomotive  Firemen's  Magazine,     (m.)     Peoria,  111. 
Lost  Cause,     (m.)     Louisville,  Ky. 
Lower  Norfolk  County  Virginia  Antiquary.     Richmond. 
McClure's  Magazine,     (m.)     New  York. 
Macmillan's  Magazine,     (m.)     London. 
Maine  Historical  Society,  Collections,     (q.)     Portland. 
Manitoba  Gazette,     (w.)     Winnipeg. 
Medford  Historical  Register,     (q.)     Medford,  Mass. 
Methodist  Review,     (bi-m.)     New  York. 
Milwaukee  Health  Department.  Monthly  Report. 
Medical  Journal,     (m.) 

Public  Library,  Quarterly  Index  of  Additions. 
Missionary  Herald,     (m.)     Boston. 
Money,     (m.)     New  York. 

Monthly   Journal    of   the    International    Association    of    Machinists, 
Washington,  D.  C. 

Monthly  South  Dakotan.     Sioux  Falls. 
Monumental  Records,     (m.)     New  York. 
Municipal  Affairs,     (q.)     New  York. 
Municipality,     (bi-m.)     Madison,  Wis. 
Munsey's  Magazine,     (m.)     New  York, 
Nation,     (w.)     New  York. 
National  Review,     (ra.)     London. 
Nature  Study,     (m.)     Manchester,  N.  H. 


NEWSPAPERS   AND    PERIODICALS    RECEIVED.  Ql 

New  England  Historical  and  Genealogical  Register,     (q.)     Boston. 

New  England  Magazine,     (m.)     Boston. 

New  York  Genealogical  and  Biographical  Record,     (q.)     New  York. 

Public  Library  Bulletin,     (m.)     New  York. 

State  Board  of  Health,  Bulletin,     (m.)     New  York. 
Nineteenth  Century,     (m.)     London. 
Normal  Pointer,     (m.)     Stevens  Point,  Wis. 
North  American  Notes  and  Queries,     (m.)     Quebec. 
North  American  Review,     (m.)     New  York. 

North  Carolina  Historical  and  Genealogical  Register,     (q.)     Edenton. 
Northwest  Magazine,     (m.)     St.  Paul. 
Northwestern,     (w.)     Evanston,  111. 
Notes  and  Queries,     (m.)     London. 
Notes  and  Queries,     (m.)     Manchester,  N.  H. 

Official    Journal    of   the    Brotherhood    of    Painters,    Decorators   and 
Paperhangers  of  America     (m.)     La  Fayette,  Ind. 

Ohio  Archaeological  and  Historical  Quarterly.     Columbus. 

"Old  Northwest"  Genealogical  Quarterly.     Columbus,  Ohio. 

Oregon  Historical  Society,  Quarterly.     Portland. 

Our  Day.     (bi-m.)     Chicago. 

Outlook,     (w.)     New  York. 

Overland  Monthly.     San  Francisco. 

Owl.     (m.)     Kewaunee,  Wis. 

Pattern  Makers'  Journal,     (m.)     Philadelphia. 

Pennsylvania  Magazine  of  History,     (q.)     Philadelphia. 

Philadelphia  Mercantile  Library,  Bulletin,     (q.) 

Philosopher,     (m.)     Wausau. 

Pilgrim  of  Our  Lady  of  Martyrs,     (m.)     New  York. 

Pneumatic,     (m.)     Milwaukee. 

Political  Science  Quarterly.     New  York. 

Presbyterian  and  Reformed  Review,     (q.)     Philadelphia. 

Princeton  Bulletin,     (bi-m.)     Princeton,  N.  J. 

Progress,     (m.)     Chicago. 

Providence  (R.  I.)  Public  Library,  Bulletin,     (m.) 

Public  Libraries,     (m.)     Chicago. 

Public  Opinion,     (w.)     New  York. 

Publishers'  W^eekly.     New  York. 

Quarterly  Journal  of  Economics.     Boston. 

Quarterly  Review.     London. 

Queen's  Quarterly.     Kingston,  Ont. 

Railroad   Telegrapher,     (m.)     St.  Louis. 

Railroad  Trainmen's  Journal,     (m.)     Cleveland. 

Railway  Conductor,     (m.)     Cedar  Rapids,  Iowa. 


92  WISCONSIN   HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

Review  of  Reviews,     (m.)     New  York.  '. 

Revue  Canadienne.     (m.)     Montreal. 

Hhode  Island  Historical  Society,  Publications,     (q.)     Providence, 
Hound  Table,     (m.)     Beloit,  Wis. 
Salem  (Mass.)  Public  Library,  Bulletin,     (m.) 
Salvation,     (m.)     New  York. 
San  PYancisco  Public  Library,  Bulletin,     (m.) 
Sanitary  Inspector,     (q.)     Augusta,  Me. 
Savings  and  Loan  Review,     (m.)     New  York. 
Scottish  Review,     (q.)     Paisley. 
Scribner's  Magazine,     (m.)     New  York. 
Sewaneo  Review,     (m.)     Sewanee,  Tenn. 
Show  Window,     (m.)     Chicago. 
Sound  Currency,     (s-m.)     New  York. 

South  Carolina  Historical  and  Genealogical  Mag.     (q.)     Charleston. 
Southern  History  Association  Publications,     (q.)     Washington. 
Sphinx,     (w.)     Madison,  Wis. 
Spirit  of  Missions,     (m.)     New  York. 
Suggestive  Therapeutics,     (m.)     Chicago. 
Sunset,     (m.)      San  P^'rancisco. 

Texas  State  Historical  Society  Quarterly.     Austin. 
Tradesman,      (s-m.)     Chattanooga,  Tenn. 
Travelers'  Record,      (m.)     Hartford,  Conn. 
Typographical  Journal,     (m.)      Indianapolis. 
Unionist,     (m.)     Green  Bay,  Wis. 

U.  S.  Dep't.  of  Agriculture,  Climate  and   Crop   Service,  Oregon  Sec- 
tion,    (m.) 

Dept.  of  Agriculture,  Climate  and  Crop  Service,  Wisconsin  Sec- 
tion,    (m.) 

Dept.  of  Agriculture,  Experiment  Station  Record. 

Dept.  of  Agriculture,  Library  Bulletin,     (m.) 

Dept.  of  Agriculture,  Monthly  Weather  Review. 

Dept.  of  State,  Consular  fleports.     (m.) 

Patent  Office,  Official  Gazette,     (w.) 

Treasury  Dept.,  Monthly  Summary  of  Commerce  and  Finance. 
University  of  Tennessee,     (q.)     Knoxville. 
Vaccination,     (m.)     Terre  Haute,  Ind. 
Views,     (m.)     Washington,  D.  C. 

Virginia  Magazine  of  History  and  Biography,     (q.)     Richmond. 
Washington  Historian,     (q.)     Tacoma,  Wash. 
Westminster  Review,     (m.)     London. 
Whist,     (m.)     Milwaukee. 

William  and  Mary  College  Quar.  Hist.  Magazine,  Williamsburg,  Va. 
Wisconsin  Alumni  Magazine,     (m.)     Madison. 


NEWSPAPERS   AND    PERIODICALS    RECEIVED.  9;^ 

Wisconsin  Horticulturist,     (m.)     Baraboo. 
Wisconsin  Journal  of  Education,     (m.)     Madison. 
Wisconsin  Osteopath,     (m.)     Milwaukee. 
Wisconsin  Woman,     (m.)     Ashland. 

Tabular  summary  of  foregoing  lists. 

Wisconsin  newspapers  .........     345 

Other  newspapers  .........     17.3 

Periodicals    ...........     236 

Total 755 


94  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 


WISCONSIN  NECROLOGY  FOR  YEAR  ENDING 
NOVEMBER  30,  1900. 

By  Florence  Elizabeth  Baker,  Library  Assistant. 

Henry  Barnard,  bovn  in  Hartford  Conn.,  January  24,  1811;  died  in 
Hartford,  Conn.,  July  5,  1900.  Dr.  Barnard  was  a  well-known  educator 
and  writer,  and  served  various  states  and  the  nation  in  those  lines; 
but  he  is  briefly  mentioned  here  because  from  1859-61  he  was  chancellor 
of  the  University  of  Wisconsin. 

Beriah  Brown,  born  at  Canandaigua,  N.  Y.,  February  21,  1814;  died 
at  Anaconda,  Mont.,  February  9,  1900.  In  1829,  he  entered  a  news- 
paper office  in  Batavia,  N.  Y.,  and  there  began  his  long  career  of 
journalistic  labors.  In  1835  he  removed  to  Michigan,  and  in  1841  to 
western  Wisconsin,  where  for  a  short  time  he  en.raged  in  mining, 
From  1854  to  1855  he  published  the  Democrat  at  Madison,  and  until 
1862  was  connected  with  various  papers  throughout  Wisconsin.  In 
1862  he  moved  to  the  Pacific  coast,  and  for  twenty  years  thereafter 
edited  and  published  papers  in  California,  Oregon,  and  Washington. 
He  held  numerous  public  positions  of  importance  in  Wisconsin's  teyri- 
torial  days;  and,  although  for  forty  years  he  had  been  actively  em- 
ployed elsewhere,  those  services  render  his  life  worthy  of  record  here. 

Patrick  H.  Carney,  born  in  Lincoln  county,  Me..  March  17,  1835: 
died  at  Waukesha,  Wis.,  May  29,  1900.  He  came  with  his  parents 
to  Waukesha  in  1847,  and  was  educated  at  Carroll  college,  graduating 
therefrom  in  1856.  From  that  date  until  1865  he  conducted  the  Wau- 
kesha County  Democrat.  From  1865-68,  h«  engaged  in  farming,  and 
from  1868-72  was  county  judge.  He  practiced  law  for  a  number  of 
years,  but  in  1879  again  took  charge  of  the  Democrat,  which  he  con- 
ducted with  the  exception  of  brief  periods  until  1897,  when  his  health 
failed. 

Francis  P.  Catlin,  born  at  Brookly,  Pa.,  February  2,  1815;  died  in 
Superior,  Wis.,  January  26,  1900.  He  came  to  Wisconsin  in  1845,  and 
for  a  time  lived  in  Green  Lake  county.  During  President  Taylor's 
administration  (1849-53),  he  was  commissioned  the  first  register  of 
the  Willow  River  (Hudson)  U.  S.  land  oflSce.  In  this  capacity,  he 
met  all  the  early  settlers  of  Northwestern  Wisconsin  and  became  well 
known  among  them.  After  the  expiration  of  his  term  as  register  of 
the  land  office,  he  served  several  terms  as  register  of  deeds  of  St. 
Croix  county.  About  1860  he  took  charge  of  the  City  hotel  of  Hud- 
son.   Later,  he  visited  his  famous  brother  George,  the  artist,  at  Brus- 


WISCONSIN   NECROLOGY.  95 

sels,  Belgium;  but  the  last  ten  years  of  his  life  were  spent  in  Superior. 

Joseph  Dorr  Clapp,  born  in  Westminster,  Vt.,  December  31,  1811; 
died  at  Fort  Atlcinson,  Wis.,  October  27,  1900.  In  1839,  he  came  to 
Wisconsin,  and  until  1857  farmed  the  land  which  he  then  bought  from 
the  government,  in  Milford,  Jefferson  county.  In  1859  he  entered  tbo 
banking  business,  and  after  1863  was  president  of  the  First  National 
bank  of  Fort  Atkinson.  From  1862-64,  he  was  state  senator.  He  was 
a  public-spirited  citizen,  and  held  in  the  highest  esteem  by  his  business 
associates. 

Benjamin  C.  Dockstader,  born  in  Tonda,  I.rontgomery  county.  N.  Y., 
April  15,  1822;  died  in  Mauston,  Wis.,  October  23,  1900.  He  came  to 
Mauston  in  1854,  when  the  place  was  called  Maugh's  Mills,  and  was 
the  oldest  resident  of  the  city.  He  filled  numerous  city  ofBces,  in  1891 
being  mayor;  and  in  every  way  assisted  the  growth  of  the  town. 

Mark  Douglas,  born  in  Dumfries,  Scotland,  September  19,  1S29;  died 
at  Melrose,  Wis.,  September  12,  1900.  He  came  to  America  in  1845, 
and  located  at  once  in  Melrose.  His  business  interests  have  been  iu 
logging,  lumber  manufacturing,  and  farming.  Mr.  Douglas  was  the 
first  postmaster  of  Melrose,  and  held  that  office  for  ten  years;  he  was 
also  town  treasurer  and  chairman  of  the  town  board  for  over  twenty 
years.  In  1874  he  was  a  member  of  the  assembly;  in  1876-77,  of 
the  senate,  and  for  several  years  a  member  of  the  state  fish  com- 
mission. The  Melrose  Chronicle  says  of  him:  "He  was  always  a 
public-spirited  and  progressive  citizen  and  many  of  the  public  improve- 
ments of  the  town  and  village  are  in  a  great  measure  due  to  his  ener- 
getic and  untiring  efforts." 

Peter  Doyle,  born  in  Myshall,  Carlow,  Ireland,  December  8, 
1844;  died  at  Jersey  City,  N.  J.,  October  27,  1900.  He  came  with 
his  parents  to  Franklin,  Milwaukee  county,  in  1850.  Receiving  a  thor- 
ough education,  he  studied  law  and  taught  school  in  Milwaukee  be- 
fore he  removed  to  Prairie  du  Chien,  where  he  was  secretary  to  John 
Lawler,  and  later  to  Hercules  Dousman.  In  1872  he  was  a  member 
of  the  assembly,  and  from  1873-77  was  secretary  of  state.  In  1878, 
after  an  extended  trip  abroad,  although  he  was  already  a  member 
of  the  bar,  he  pursued  a  law  course  at  Yale  college,  graduating  there- 
from with  honors,  in  1881.  From  1884  to  1900  he  practiced  law  in 
Milwaukee,  and  had  been  a  resident  of  Jersey  City  for  only  threo 
months  before  his  death. 

Philo  Dunning,  born  in  Webster,  Monroe  county,  N.  Y.,  March  23. 
1819;  died  at  Madison,  Wis.,  September  10,  1900.  In  1840,  he  came 
to  Madison,  and  two  years  later  purchased  a  farm.  In  1845  he  ex- 
changed his  farm  for  a  sawmill  near  Madison,  in  which  much  of 
the  timber  used  in  the  construction  of  buildings  for  the  young  town 
was  sawed.  In  1855  he  went  into  the  grocery  and  drug  business,  from 
which  he  retired  only  a  few  years  before  his  death.     In  1853-54  he 


96  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

was  treasurer  of  Dane  county;    in  1873,  a  member  of  the  assembly, 
and  from  1879-84,  a  member  of  the  state  fish  commission. 

George  Eastman,  born  in  Strong,  Franklin  county.  Me,,  March  26, 
1824;  died  at  Platteville,  Wis.,  October  24,  1900.  He  was  educated  at 
Dartmouth  college,  from  whose  medical  course  he  was  graduated  in 
1844.  In  1850,  he  located  at  Platteville,  where,  with  the  exception 
of  one  year  spent  as  surgeon  of  the  Sixteenth  Wisconsin  volunteer 
infantry,  and  two  years  as  medical  inspector  of  the  17th  army  corps,, 
he  continuously  practiced  his  profession  for  the  rest  of  his  life.  He 
was  also  president  of  the  Platteville  First  National  bank. 

Joseph  Emerson,  born  in  Norfolk,  Conn.,  May  28,  1821;  died  in 
Beloit,  Wis.,  August  4,  1900.  He  was  educated  at  Phillips  academy, 
Andover,  Mass.,  and  at  Yale  college,  graduating  from  the  latter  in 
1841.  From  that  year  until  1848,  when  he  came  to  Beloit  college,  he 
spent  in  teaching  at  New  London,  Conn.,  at  Yale  as  tutor,  and 
in  theological  studies  at  Andover  seminary.  In  the  fifty-two  years  in 
which  he  had  been  connected  with  the  college,  he  was  a  power  in 
the  school  and  community,  and  had  become  widely  known  as  a  Hel- 
lenist. Possibly  the  best  tribute  that  can  be  paid  him  are  the  words 
engraved  on  an  offering  from  tbe  Beloit  alumni  at  the  celebration  of 
his  fortieth  anniversary:  "He  made  many  to  set  their  hearts  upon 
true  manliness." 

George  W.  Featherstonhaugh,  born  in  Albany,  N.  Y.,  1814;  died  at 
Lake  Gurnee,  111.,  June  10,  1900.  He  came  to  Wisconsin  in  territorial 
days,  and  was  a  miller  in  Calumet  county  when  elected  in  1847  as  dele- 
gate to  the  second  Wisconsin  constitutional  convention.  In  1847-48 
he  served  in  the  house  of  representatives,  in  the  territorial  assembly. 
Soon  after,  he  met  with  financial  reverses,  and  his  brilliant  talents 
were  thereafter  devoted  to  the  writing  of  newspaper  articles  and  verses, 
and  the  painting  of  pictures.  He  was  the  last  surviving  member  of 
a  group  of  Bohemians,  famous  in  early  Milwaukee  history. 

John  T.  Fish,  born  at  Lake  Pleasant,  Hamilton  county,  N.  Y.,  No- 
vember 8,  1835;  died  at  Milwaukee,  August  28,  1900.  In  185& 
he  came  to  Wisconsin  and  taught  for  a  year  at  Lake  Geneva,  but  re- 
moved to  McHenry,  111.,  where  he  took  up  the  study  of  law.  In  1859 
he  began  its  practice  in  Sharon,  Wis.  He  served  throughout  the  War 
of  Secession,  and  then  resumed  the  practice  of  his  profession  at  Sharon. 
Two  years  later  he  moved  to  Burlington,  and,  upon  his  election  to  the 
district  attorneyship,  to  Racine.  In  1885  he  came  to  Milwaukee  and 
from  1887-94  he  was  general  solicitor  for  the  Chicago,  Milwaukee  & 
St  Paul  railway.  Since  that  time  he  has  been  counsel  for  the  Chicago 
&  Northwestern  road,  and  as  a  general  practitioner  was  well  known 
throughout  the  state. 


WISCONSIN    NECROLOGY.  Q/ 

Milan  Ford,  born  in  1822;  died  in  the  town  of  Nekimi,  Winnebago 
county,  W^is.,  August  22,  1900.  His  father,  Chester  Ford,  was  one  of 
the  first  five  who  settled  in  that  county  in  1837.  Mr.  Ford  spent 
his  life  as  a  farmer  in  the  same  county.  He  took  a  keen  interest  in 
public  affairs,  was  chairman  of  the  town  board,  and  a  member  of  the 
state  assembly  in  1878-79. 

Elon  Fuller,  born  at  Shaftsbury,  Bennington,  Vt.,  September  2,  1816; 
died  near  Waukesha,  Wis.,  August  18,  1900.  As  a  child  he  accom- 
panied his  parents  to  Ohio,  and  later  to  Michigan;  but  at  the  age  of 
nineteen  (1835)  came  to  Wisconsin,  settling,  in  Prairieville  (Wauke- 
sha), and  for  the  rest  of  his  life  continuously  resided  on  the  land  which 
he  then  bought  from  the  government.  Mr.  Fuller  took  no  active  part 
in  political  affairs,  but  was  an  ardent  supporter  of  the  public  schools, 
and  of  Carroll  college,  to  which  latter  he  gave  liberally. 

Nathaniel  B.  Gaston,  born  at  Auburn,  N.  Y.,  March  17,  1810;  died  in 
Beloit,  Wis.,  July  16,  1900.  He  was  early  apprenticed  to  a  gunsmith, 
and  from  1831  to  1844  was  employed  at  his  trade  in  various  cities  of 
New  York  state.  In  the  latter  year,  he  came  to  Rock  county,  Wiscon- 
sin, and  immediately  erected  the  scale  works,  to  whose  interest  he  ever 
after  devoted  himself.  He  was  the  pioneer  manufacturer  of  the  city, 
and  as  a  prominent  business  man  took  a  deep  interest  in  local  affairs, 
but  held  only  minor  public  offices. 

David  Giddings,  born  at  Ipswich,  Mass.,  July  24,  1808;  died  at  She- 
boygan Falls,  Wis.,  October  26,  1900.  In  1835,  he  came  west  as  United 
States  surveyor  for  Northern  Wisconsin,  making  his  headquarters  at 
Green  Bay.  In  1838  he  removed  to  Sheboygan,  and  the  following  year 
engaged  in  the  lumbering  business,  in  which  he  remained  for  fifteen 
years.  In  1866  he  retired  to  a  farm  near  Fond  du  Lac,  where  he  re- 
sided until  his  death.  From  1840-42,  Mr.  Giddings  was  a  member  of 
the  territorial  house  of  representatives,  and  in  1846  of  the  first  consti- 
tutional convention.  Upon  the  organization  of  Sheboygan  and  Mani- 
towoc counties  (1840),  he  was  elected  probate  judge  and  held  the  office 
two  terms.  In  1878  he  was  a  candidate  for  congress  on  the  Green- 
back ticket,  but  otherwise  kept  aloof  from  public  life  after  his  resi- 
dence in  Fond  du  Lac  county. 

Nathan  S.  Greene,  born  in  Saratoga  county,  N.  Y.,  January  21,  1810; 
died  at  Fort  Atkinson.  Wis.,  October  4,  1900.  He  came  to  Milwaukee 
in  1846,  but  after  a  year  spent  there  removed  to  Milford,  Jefferson 
county,  where  until  1884  he  carried  on  a  general  store,  and  an  ex- 
tensive milling  and  lumbering  business.  He  moved  to  Fort  Atkinson 
in  1884,  and  engaged  in  the  manufacture  of  dairy  supplies,  keeping  his 
interest  therein  until  the  time  of  his  death.  Mr.  Greene  served  as 
draft  commissioner  on  his  congressional  district  board  during  the 
War  of  Secession,  and  in  1863  was  elected  to  the  assembly  on  the  Union 
ticket. 


q8  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

Henry  Harnden,  born  in  Wilmington,  Mass.,  March  4,  1823;  died  in 
Madison,  Wis.,  March  17,  1900.  He  received  a  common  school  educa- 
tion, and  at  the  age  of  eighteen  ran  away  to  sea  and  was  absent  for 
live  years.  On  his  return  he  found  the  Mexican  War  in  progress.  He 
immediately  volunteered,  and  was  in  the  transport  service  for  a  time 
but  was  obliged  to  return  home' on  account  of  failing  health.  From 
1850-52,  he  spent  in  California  and  in  the  latter  year  settled  in  Sul- 
livan, Jefferson  county,  Wisconsin.  Later  he  removed  to  Ripon,  where 
he  was  operating  a  saw  mill  when  the  Civil  War  broke  out.  He  enlisted 
as  a  private  in  the  First  Wisconsin  cavalry  in  1861,  but  held  the  rank 
of  captain,  when  the  regiment  was  sent  to  Benton  Barracks,  Mo.  He 
was  in  the  many  battles  and  skirmishes  in  which  his  regiment  took 
part,  and  in  January,  1865,  having  been  promoted  through  the  various 
intervening  ranks,  was  made  brigadier-general.  In  May,  1865,  he  was 
selected  by  General  Wilson  to  command  a  detachment  of  the  First  Wis- 
consin cavalry  in  the  pursuit  of  Jefferson  Davis,  and  was  present 
at  his  capture  at  Irwinsville,  Ga.  His  account  of  the  affair  is  published 
in  the  Wisconsin  Historical  Collections,  vol.  xiv.  He  was  a  member  of 
the  assembly  in  1866;  and  in  1873-83,  federal  internal  revenue  col- 
lector. In  1899  he  was  elected  department  commander  of  the  G.  A.  R. 
of  Wisconsin,  which  office  he  held  at  the  time  of  his  death. 

Eli  Hawks,  born  in  Madison  county,  New  York,  January  15,  1829, 
died  at  Juneau,  Wis.,  April  10,  1900.  In  1855,  he  came  to  Juneau,  Wis- 
consin, and  erected  the  first  grain  elevator  there,  which  business  he 
conducted  very  successfully  until  within  a  short  time  of  his  death.  He 
was  a  member  of  the  assembly  in  1878  and  1883,  and  mayor,  city  treas- 
urer, and  postmaster  of  Juneau. 

Joseph  P.  Hawley,  born  in  New  Milford,  Susquehanna  county.  Pa., 
October  24,  1823;  died  in  Appleton,  Wis.,  October  10,  1900.  His  parents 
removed  to  Liberty,  Pa.,  in  1836,  and  there  he  remained  until  1852  in 
the  flour  and  saw  mUl  business.  Shortly  after  this  he  came  to  Ap- 
pleton, and  in  1854-55  served  as  register  of  deeds  of  Outagamie  county. 
From  1860-S'O  he  conducted  a  photograph  gallery  in  Appleton.  He  was 
active  in  early-day  politics,  and  held  several  minor  offices. 

William  L.  Hinsdale,  born  in  New  York  state,  in  November,  1816; 
died  in  Milwaukee,  October  26,  1900.  He  came  to  Southport  (Kenosha), 
Wis.,  in  1843,  where  for  a  time  he  was  assistant  post-master.  In  1855 
he  removed  to  Milwaukee,  being  employed  in  the  Mitchell  bank,  and 
later  was  treasurer  of  the  Milwaukee  &  La  Crosse  Railroad  Co,  In 
1869,  when  the  Northwestern  National  Fire  Insurance  Company  was 
formed,  he  identified  himself  with  it,  and  retained  that  connection  un- 
til a  few  years  before  his  death. 

Daniel  Harris  Johnson,  born  near  Kingston,  Ontario,  Canada,  July 
27,  1825;  died  in  Milwaukee,  June  15,  1900.     In  1844  he  came  to  Illinois, 


WISCONSIN    NECROLOGY.  qg 

and  until  1849  in  that  state  and  at  Prairie  du  Chien,  "Wis.,  he  was  em- 
ployed as  a  teacher.  In  the  latter  year,  he  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
and  for  five  years  thereafter  practiced  law.  From  1854-56,  he  edited 
the  Prairie  du  Chien  Courier,  but  from  1856-61  again  practiced  law. 
In  1860,  he  was  a  member  of  the  assembly;  in  1861,  an  assistant  to 
Attorney-General  T.  O.  Howe;  and  in  1862  a  clerk  in  the  paymaster's 
department.  In  that  year  he  settled  in  Milwaukee.  In  1868-69,  he 
was  again  elected  to  the  legislature;  in  1872  was  a  delegate  to  the  Na- 
tional Democratic  convention  which  placed  Greeley  in  nomination  for 
the  presidency;  and  from  1878-80,  was  city  attorney.  In  1888  he  was 
elected  to  the  judgeship  of  the  circuit  court  of  Milwaukee,  which  posi- 
tion he  held  until  his  death. 

Edwin  Johnson,  born  in  Buckland,  Mass.,  October  24,  1818;  died  in 
Decatur,  111.,  August  28,  1900.  He  settled  in  the  town  of  Greenfield, 
Wis.,  in  1841,  and  there  passed  the  greater  part  of  his  life,  holding 
numerous  minor  offices. 

Aiban  Kent,  born  in  Baden,  Germany,  September  1,  1808;  died  at  She- 
boygan, Wis.,  November  18,  1900.  He  came  to  Sheboygan  county  in 
1834.  For  a  few  years  he  engaged  in  the  grocery  and  bakery  business, 
and  later  worked  at  his  trade,  that  of  a  tailor,  until  1889,  when  he  re- 
tired from  active  business.  He  was,  at  the  time  of  his  death,  the  old- 
est resident  of  his  city. 

Alonzo  Kimball,  born  in  Le  Roy,  Jefferson  county.  New  York,  No- 
vember 20,  1808;  died  at  Green  Bay,  Wis.,  August  7,  1900.  He  was 
educated  at  Union  college.  Schenectady,  N.  Y.,  and  taught  school  until 
1849,  when  he  came  to  Green  Bay.  He  there  conducted  a  general  store 
until  1854,  when  he  established  the  hardware  business  which  is  still 
conducted  by  his  son.  He  had  been  mayor  of  Green  Bay,  and  held 
other  positions  of  public  trust,  which  testified  to  the  esteem  in  which 
he  was  held  by  the  community. 

Anthony  Kraupa,  born  in  Vlasim.  near  Prague,  February  4,  1817: 
died  in  Racine,  Wis.,  October  30,  1900.  He  came  to  Racine,  Wis.,  in 
1848;  for  some  years  he  superintended  a  large  farm;  and  later  con- 
ducted the  leading  hardware  store  in  Racine.  He  was  supposed  to  be 
the  first  Bohemian  settler  of  Racine  county. 

Stephen  Littlefield,  born  at  Prospect,  Waldo  county,  Me.,  June  18, 
1827;  died  at  Plymouth,  Wis.,  January  29,  1900.  He  came  to  Wiscon- 
sin in  1850;  and  bought  the  homestead  on  which  he  died.  He  was  one 
of  the  best  known  teachers  in  Sheboygan  county,  having  taught  for 
more  than  twenty  years  in  its  various  schools. 

John  McDonald,  born  in  Fulton  county,  N.  Y.,  1816;  died  in  the  town 
of  Summit,  Waukesha  county.  Wis..  October  31,  1900.  He  came  to  Mil- 
waukee in  1S36,  and  settled  the  next  year  in  Summit.  He  held  numer- 
ous town  and  county  offices,  and  was  a  member  of  the  legislature  in 
1870-71. 


lOO  WISCONSIN   HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

John  Gibson  McMynn,  born  at  Palatine  Ridge,  Montgomery  county, 
N.  Y.,  July  9,  1824;  died  at  Madison,  Wis.,  June  5,  1900.  He  was  at  an 
early  age  thrown  on  his  own  resources,  and  earned  his  way  through 
the  preparatory  schools,  finally  in  1845  entering  Williams  college, 
from  which  he  was  graduated  three  years  later.  He  came  at  once  to 
Kenosha,  Wis.,  where  for  five  years  he  taught  school.  In  1853,  he  re- 
moved to  Racine  where  he  organized  the  public  schools,  and  was  prin- 
cipal of  the  high  school  until  1857.  The  year  1858,  he  spent  in  Europe 
devoting  most  of  his  time  to  the  examination  of  schools  and  charitable 
institutions.  Returning  to  Racine,  he  resumed  his  work  in  the  schools, 
which  he  continued  until  1861,  when  he  was  commissioned  major  of  the 
Tenth  Wisconsin  infantry.  In  1862  he  was  promoted  to  the  rank  of 
lieutenant  colonel,  and  the  next  year  to  that  of  colonel.  From  1864-68, 
he  was  state  superintendent  of  public  instruction;  from  1857-63, 
1864-70,  and  from  1880-89,  he  was  a  regent  of  the  state  university. 
From  1868-75  he  was  in  the  employ  of  J.  I.  Case  &  Co.,  of  Racine,  but 
in  the  latter  year  built  the  Racine  academy,  which  he  conducted  until 
1882,  when  he  retired  from  active  life,  and  four  years  later  moved  to 
Madison. 

Levi  Moore,  born  in  Ohio,  1806;  died  at  Baraboo,  Wis.,  November  IS, 
1900.  He  settled  in  Sauk  City,  Wisconsin,  in  1840,  and  soon  after  in 
Baraboo,  where  he  spent  the  remainder  of  his  life.  He  built  the  first 
boat  on  the  Wisconsin  River  at  Grand  Rapids,  and  conducted  the  first 
ferry  boat  at  Sauk  City.  In  1846  he  received  a  commission  from 
Governor  Dodge  as  captain,  and  organized  a  military  company  for  de- 
fence against  the  Indians,  but  it  was  never  called  into  service. 

D.  K.  Noyes,  born  in  the  town  of  Tunbridge,  Orange  county,  Vt., 
October  28,  1820;  died  in  Baraboo,  Wis.,  November  24,  1900.  He  came 
to  Wisconsin  in  1844,  and  for  a  year  engaged  in  mining.  Later  he 
studied  law  in  Beloit,  and  after  being  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1847,  lo- 
cated at  Baraboo,  where  he  resided  until  his  death.  He  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  assembly  in  1856.  He  enlisted  in  Co.  A,  Sixth  Wisconsin  vol- 
unteer infantry,  in  1861,  and  served  until  he  was  wounded  in  1862. 
During  1863-64,  he  had  charge  of  the  state  recruiting  corps.  In  1865 
he  again  entered  the  service  as  major  of  the  Forty-ninth  infantry  and 
prior  to  his  discharge  in  1865,  was  commissioned  lieutenant-colonel. 
From  1867-79,  he  was  postmaster  of  Baraboo. 

Victor  A.  W.  IVIerrell,  born  in  Burlington,  Vt.,  October  28,  1819;  died 
at  Prairie  du  Chien,  Wis.,  October  25,  1900.  He  had  been  connected 
with  the  Burlington  (Vt.)  Free  Press,  and  the  Plattsburg  (N.  Y.)  Re- 
publican, before  he  came  to  Milwaukee  in  the  40's  and  worked  on  the 
Sentinel.  He  continued  with  the  Sentinel  until  1856,  when  he  bought 
the  Prairie  du  Chien  Coiirier,  which  he  published  until  1858,  when 
he  sold  the  establishment  to  his  son.     After  1873  he  lived  a  retired  life. 


WISCONSIN   NECROLOGY.  lOI 

John  S.  Mitchell,  born  in  Ireland,  in  1809;  died  in  Milwaukee,  May  6, 
1900.  At  the  age  of  twelve  he  came  to  the  United  States  and  settled 
in  New  York.  He  was  a  sailor,  and  made  cruises  along  the  Atlantic 
coast.  In  1843  he  came  to  Milwaukee,  and  built  the  Eastern  hotel  on 
the  bank  of  the  lake.  A  volunteer  life-saving  crew  was  formed  among 
its  boarders,  and  the  place  was  transformed  on  many  occasions  into  a 
temporary  emergency  hospital.  When  the  harbor  was  built,  the  old 
hotel  was  abandoned.  For  thirty  years  after  cominfe  to  the  city,  Mr. 
Mitchell  was  in  office  as  constable,  deputy  sheriff,  under  sheriff,  mar- 
shal, or  court  crier,  and  was  prominent  in  the  early  political  life  of  the 
city. 

John  Prftzlaff,  born  in  Pomerania,  Prussia,  March  6,  1820;  died  in 
Milwaukee,  August  16,  1900.  In  1839  he  joined  a  band  of  colonists  un- 
der the  leadership  of  Pastor  Grabau,  who  came  to  America  and  founded 
the  Buffalo  synod  of  the  Lutheran  church  in  America.  With  a  number 
of  others,  Mr.  Pritzlaff  separated  from  the  colonists  at  Buffalo,  and 
for  two  years  worked  on  the  canals  of  New  York  and  Pennsylvania, 
earning  enough  to  take  him  to  Milwaukee  in  1841.  There  he  was  em- 
ployed in  various  ways  until  1850,  when  he  went  into  the  hardware 
business,  which  he  carried  on  with  increasing  success  until  the  time 
of  his  deatil.  He  was  an  active  member  of  the  Lutheran  church,  and 
a  public-spirited  man,  but  never  engaged  in  politics. 

Philetus  Sawyer,  born  at  Whitney,  Rutland  county,  Vt.,  September 
22,  1816;  died  at  Oshkosh,  Wis.,  March  29,  1900.  In  1847,  Mr.  Sawyer 
came  to  Wisconsin,  and  settled  on  a  farm  in  Fond  du  Lac  county. 
Two  years  later  he  moved  to  Algoma,  now  a  part  of  Oshkosh.  For  a 
few  years  he  operated  a  saw  mill,  and  later  entered  a  firm  of  general 
lumber  manufacturers  and  dealers;  in  1863,  the  firm  of  P.  Sawyer  & 
Son  was  formed,  a  partnership  which  was  only  dissolved  by  Senator 
Sawyer's  death.  In  1857  and  1861  he  was  a  member  of  the  assembly 
from  Winnebago  county.  In  1863-64,  he  served  two  terms  as  mayor 
of  Oshkosh.  From  1865-75,  he  was  a  member  of  the  national  house 
of  representatives,  and  from  1881-93  of  the  U.  S.  senate.  A  member  or 
chairman  of  many  important  committees,  he  was  considered  a  very 
influential  man  in  congress.  Senator  Sawyer's  gifts  to  private  charity 
and  public  institutions  were  large,  especially  to  Lawrence  university, 
on  whose  board  of  trustees  he  served  for  thirty  years.  He  was  for  many 
years,  a  vice-president  of  this  society. 

Mrs.  Harriet  Dean  Sterling,  born  at  Raynham,  Mass.,  June  21,  1824; 
died  at  Madison,  Wis.,  July  11,  1900.  She  was  educated  at  South 
Bridgewater  normal  school,  and  Wheaton  seminary,  at  Norton,  Mass., 
and  taught  for  a  few  years  in  the  East  before  coming  to  Wisconsin  in 
1849.  In  1851.  she  was  married  to  Prof.  John  W.  Sterling,  and  they 
made  their  home  for  many  years  in  the  south  dormitory  of  the  Univer- 


I02  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY*. 

sity  of  Wisconsin,  thxis  coming  into  close  touch  with  the  earliest  classes 
of  the  institution.  Mrs.  Sterling  was  also  active  in  church  circles,  and 
although  she  had  been  in  failing  health  for  two  years,  was  one  of  the 
vice-presidents  of  the  Women's  Presbyterian  Board  of  Missions  of  the 
Northwest.  A  woman  of  great  strength  and  beauty  of  character,  sho 
impressed  herself  upon  the  students  as  few  others  have;  and  although 
she  held  no  officjal  position  in  the  young  college,  many  of  them  feel 
that  to  her  they  owe  a  valuable  part  of  their  education. 

Henry  C.  Strong,  born  in  Vermont  in  1832;  died  at  Baraboo,  WMs., 
June  15,  1900.  He  came  to  Reedsburg,  Wis.,  in  1850;  but  about  the  time 
of  the  opening  of  the  W'ar  of  Secession,  he  removed  to  Ripon,  from 
which  place  he  enlisted  as  a  private  in  Co.  H,  Twentieth  Wisconsin 
volunteer  infantry,  and  served  through  successive  ranks  until  in  1866 
he  was  mustered  out  as  major.  Major  Strong  has  been  an  invalid  for 
some  time  before  his  death. 

George  Washington  Taggart,  born  In  Courtland  county,  N.  Y.,  Feb- 
ruary 22,  1813;  died  at  Weyauwega,  Wis.,  November  13,  1900.  In  1836, 
he  came  to  Chicago  and  worked  as  a  carpenter  at  that  place  and  ac 
Racine,  until  1838,  when  he  settled  on  a  farm  in  Rochester,  Racine 
county.  In  1849  he  moved  to  Waupaca  county.  He  held  many  of  the 
early  town  and  county  offices  in  both  counties.  Since  1857  he  had  been 
a  resident  of  Weyauwega. 

Daniel  Tainsh,  born  in  Crief,  Perthshire,  May  26,  1822;  died  in  Mil- 
waukee, March  24,  1900.  He  learned  the  shoemaker's  trade  in  Scot- 
land, and  came  to  Milwaukee  in  1843,  but  did  not  settle  there  perma- 
nently until  the  next  year.  Until  within  a  few  years  of  his  death,  he 
worked  at  his  trade  in  the  same  shops  on  Clinton  sti-eet,  his  wonderful 
memory  of  early  events  and  localities  making  him  a  recognized  author- 
ity on  all  matters  of  local  history. 

William  West,  born  in  Yorkshire,  England,  May  6,  1810;  died  at 
Mukwonago,  Wis..  September  17,  1900.  Mr.  West  came  to  America  in 
1834,  and  in  1837  to  Mukwonago.  He  was  well  known  throughout 
Waukesha  county,  as  for  many  years  he  held  the  office  of  county  sur- 
veyor. 

Loren  F.  Wolcott,  born  in  Burlington,  Otsego  county,  N.  Y.,  April  22, 
1800;  died  at  Sparta,  Wis.,  November  7,  1900.  He  came  to  Wisconsin  in 
1855,  and  settled  near  Sparta,  where  he  resided  until  his  death. 


WISCOxNSIN    EVENTS,   IQOO.  lOJ 


LEADING  WISCONSIN  EVENTS  IN  1900. 

January  31. — Masonic  block,  Stevens  Point,  burned;   loss  $40,000. 

February  17. — National  skat  congress  in  Milwaukee. 

February  21. — Railroad  wreck  near  Curtis,  in  which  seventeen  per- 
sons were  injured. 

April  3. — Municipal  elections  throughout  the  state. 

April  27. — City  hall  of  AVhitewater  dedicated. 

May  26. — ^Flambeau  Paper  Company's  mill  and  warehouse  at  Park 
Falls  burned;  loss  $200,000. 

May  30. — Unveiling  of  soldiers'  monument  given  to  Kenosha  by 
Z.  G.  Simmons. 

Juno  4-8. — Fifth  biennial  convention  of  the  General  Federation  of 
Women's  Clubs,  at  Milwaukee. 

June  8. — Unveiling  of  soldiers'  monument  at  Two  Rivers, 

June  10. — Fayette,  Shaw  &  Co.'s  tannery  at  Mellen,  burned. 

June  24. — Disastrous  railroad  wreck  on  the  Chicago  &  Northwestern, 
near  Depere;   six  killed,  and  many  injured. 

July  14-15.  Celebration  of  the  fiftieth  anniversary  of  the  Portage 
Presbyterian   church. 

August  8. — Republican  state  convention  met  at  Milwaukee. 

August  20. — Cyclone  at  Sheboygan;  many  buildings  wrecked. 

August  23. — Democratic  state  convention  met  at  Milwaukee. 

September  3. — Dedication  of  the  $150,000  Oshkosh  public  library. 

September  11. — Theodore  Roosevelt  opens  the  Republican  campaign 
at  La  Crosse. 

October  4-7. — State  Christian  Endeavor  convention  at  Racine. 

October  iS. — Dedication  of  the  State  Historical  Library  building,  at 
Madison. 

November  7-9. — State  federation  of  Women's  Clubs  met  at  Racine. 

December  7. — A  bronze  tablet  marking  the  site  of  the  first  county 
buildings  in  Milwaukee,  unveiled  by  the  Old  Settlers'  Club. 

December  9. — ^Anson  Eldred  Company's  mill  buildings  at  Stiles, 
burned;   loss,  $75,000.  s 


Mrs.  Mary  M.  Adams 
Founder  of  the  Mary  M.  Adams  Art  Fund. 


PROCEEDINGS 


State  Historical  Society  of  Wisconsin 


FORTY-NINTH  ANNUAL    MEETING 

Held  December  12,  1901 

AND    OF    THE 

STATE   historical  CONVENTION 

Held  at  Milwaukee,   October  11-12,  1901 


^ublis^eb  bn  ^utboritg  of.  lab 


MADISON 

Democrat  Printing  Company,  State  Printer 

1902 


CONTENTS 


Officers  of  the  Society,  1902    .... 

■Committees  .  ... 

Library  Service  ...... 

Proceedings  of  Forty-Ninth  Annual  Meeting 
Executive  Committee  Meeting 


APPENDIX 

A.— Report  of  Executive  Committee— 
Summary    .... 
Death  of  Vice  President  Colman 
Death  of  John  A.  Johnson 
Financial  condition — 
State  auditing   . 
Change  in  fiscal  year  desirable 
State  appropriations 
Maintenance  of  building  . 
Binding  fund 
Antiquarian  fund     . 
Mary  M.  Adams  art  fund 
Library  accessions — 
Statistics 

Important  gifts  to  the  library 
Work  in  the  library— 
Getting  settled 
Our  space  limited    . 
Cataloguing  and  classification 
Binding 

Duplicates  and  exchanges 
Legislative  reference  library 
Differentiation  with  University  library 
Office  work- 
Professional  conventions 
State  field  work 
Field  convention  at  Milwaukee 
Publications         .  .  .  . 

The  museum         .... 
The  building  commissioners 
Larger  funds  needed 
B.— Report  of  Finance  Committee    . 
C— Report  of  Treasurer  . 
D.— Report  of  Draper  House  Committee 
E.— Fiscal  Report  of  Secretary 
F.— Report  From  Green  Bay  Historical  Society  (Auxiliary) 
C— Givers  of  Books  and  Pamphlets 
H.— The  Adams  Collection 
I.— Miscellaneous  Accessions  . 
K.— Periodicals  and  Newspapers  Received 
L.— Wisconsin  Necrology,  Year  Ending  Nov.  30,  1901 
M.— Report  of  Milwaukee  Historical  Convention 


OFFICERS  OF  THE  SOCIETY,  1902 


PRESIDENT 

HON.  ROBERT  L.  Mccormick    . Hayward 

VICE-PRESIDENTS 

HON.  JAMES  SUTHERLAND Janesville 

WILLIAM  W.  WIGHT,  LL.  D Milwaukee 

HON.  JOHN  B.  CASSODAY Madison 

HON.  WILLIAM  F.  VILAS     .        .        .        .        .        .  Madison 

HON.  LUCIUS  C.  COLMAN La  Crossk 

HON.  EMIL  BAENSCH  .        . Manitowoc 

SECRETARY  AND  SUPERINTENDENT 

REUBEN  G.  THWAITES Madison 

TREASURER 

LUCIEN  S.  HANKS Madison 

LIBRARIAN  AND  ASST.  SUPERINTENDENT 

ISAAC  S.  BRADLEY Madison 

C  URA  TOR  S,  EX-  OFFICIO 

HON.  ROBERT  M.  LaFOLLETTE Governor 

HON.  WILLIAM  H.  FROEHLICH  .        .        .      Secretary  of  State 
HON.  JAMES  O.  DAVIDSON State  Treasurer 


CURATORS,  ELECTIVE 
Term  expires  at  annual  meeting  in  1903 


•CHARLES  K.  ADAMS,  LL.  D. 
RASMUS  B.  ANDERSON,  LL.  D. 
HON.  EMIL  BAENSCH 
HON.  GEORGE  B.  BURROWS 
FREDERIC  K.  CONOVER,  LL.  B. 
JOHN  C.  FREEMAN,  LL.  D. 


HON.  BUELL  E.  HUTCHINSON 
HON.  ALFRED  A.  JACKSON 
HON.  BURR  W.  JONES 
J.  HOWARD  PALMER,  Esq. 
PROF.  JOHN  B.  PARKINSON 
HON.  N.  B.  VAN  SLYKE 


6  OFFICERS    OF   THE   SOCIETY. 

Term  expires  at  annual  meeting  in  1903 

CHARLES  N.  GREGORY,  LL.  D.  ARTHUR  L.  SANBORN,  LL.  B. 

HON.  LUCIEN  S.  HANKS  HON.  HALLE  STEENSLAND 

HON.  JOHN  JOHNSTON  HON.  E.  RAY  STEVENS 

REV.  PATRICK  B.  KNOX  HON.  JAMES  SUTHERLAND 

HON.  ROBERT  L.  McCORMICK  HON.  WILLIAM  P.  VILAS 

HON.  GEORGE  RAYMER  WILLIAM  W.  WIGHT,  LL.  D. 

Term  expires  at  annual  meeting  in  190A 

HON.  ROBERT  M.  BASHPORD      HON.  HENRY  E.  LEGLER 
GEN.  EDWIN  E.  BRYANT  WILLIAM  A.  P.  MORRIS,  A.  B. 

HON.  JOHN  B.  CASSODAY  HON.  ROBERT  G.  SIEBECKER 

JAIRUS  H.  CARPENTER,  LL.  D.  HON.  BREESE  J.  STEVENS 

HON.  LUCIUS  C.  COLMAN  HERBERT  B.  TANNER,  M.  D. 

CHARLES  H.  HASKINS,  Ph.  D.    FREDERICK  J.  TURNER,  Ph.  D. 

EXECUTIVE  COMMITTEE 

The  thirty-six  curators,  the  secretary,  the  librarian,  the  gov- 
ernor, the  secretary  of  state,  and  the  state  treasurer,  constitute 
the  executive  committee. 

STANDING  COMMITTEES    (OF  EXECUTIVE  COMMITTEE) 

Library  — Turner  (chairman),  Raymer,  Raskins,  Legler,  and  the  Sec- 
retary (ex-officio). 

Art  Gallery  and  Museum  —  Hanka  (chairman),  Knox,  Anderson,  and  the 
Secretary  (ex-officio). 

Printing  and  Publication  —  Conover  (chairman),  Jones,  Sanborn,  Bry- 
ant, and  the  Secretary  (ex-officio). 

Finance  —  Van  Slyke  (chairman) ,  Morris,  Burrows,  Palmer,  and  Steens- 
land. 

Advisory  Committee  (ex-officio)  —  Turner,  Hanks,  Conover,  and  Van 
Slyke. 

SPECIAL  COMMITTEES    (OP  THE   SOCIETY) 

Draper  Homestead  — Yan  Slyke  (chairman),  Steensland,  and  Thwaites. 

Auditiny  Committee  — C.  N.Brown  (chairman),  A.  B.  Morris,  and  E.  B. 
Steensland. 

Biennial  Address,  i9<?,?  —  Thwaites  (chairman),  Stevens,  Turner,  Ras- 
kins, and  Parkinson. 

Field  Meetings  —  Turner  (chairman),  Wight,  Jackson,  Legler,  and 
Thwaites. 

Relations  with  the  State  Unirersity -ThwsiiteH  (chairman),  Ranks,  Bur- 
rows, Morris,  and  Raymer. 

Conference  on  proposed  co-operative  history  of  United  States — Turner 
(chairman),  Thwaites,  Butler,  Wight,  and  Legler. 


-'■.~.-\  1 


LIBRARY  SERVICE 


secretary  and  superintendent 

Reuben  Gold  Thwaites 


librarian  and  assistant  superintendent 

Isaac  Samuel  Bradley 


assistant  librarian 

Minnie  Myrtle  Oakley 
(Chief  Catalogruer) 

LIBRARY  ASSISTANTS 

[In  order  of  seniority  of  service] 

*£mma  Alethea  Ha\vley  —  Classification  Dejjartment 

Annie  Amelia.  Nunns  — Order  Department  and  Superintend- 
ent''s  Secretary 

Florence  Elizabeth  Baker  —In  charge  of  Beading  Boom 

Emma  Helen  Blair  —  Maps  and  MSS.  Department 

Mary  Stuart  Foster  —  Periodical  Department 

IVA  Alice  Welsh  — Accession  Department 

Clarence  Scott  Hean  —  Newspaper  Department 

Elizabeth  Church  Smith  —  Catalogue  Department 

Eve  Parkinson  —  Genealogical  and  Art  Department 

Emma  Gattiker  —  Shelf  Department  and  Exchanges 

Louise  Phelps  Kellogg  —Public  Documents  Department 

•  STUDENT  ASSISTANTS 

[In  alphabetical  order] 

William  E.  Grove  —Beading  Boom 

Frances  S.  C.  James,  Eaii  Claire—  Catalogue  Department 
Frances  B.  Marshall  —Periodical  Department 

Delbert  R.  Mathews,  Fox  hake  —  Beading  Boom 

apprentice 

Anna  Mashek Kewaunee 


*  In  Europe,  on  leave  of  absence. 


LIBRARY     SERVICE. 


CARE-TAKERS 


Thomas  Dean  —  Engineer  and  Head  Janitor 

Everett  Westburv  —Janitor  and  Assistant  Engineer 

Charles  Kehoe  —Night  Watch 

Ceylon  Childs  Lincoln  —  Museum  Attendant  and  Janitor 

Bennie  Butts  —  Messenger  and  Office  Janitor 

Em^u.  Ledwith  —  Housekeeper 

Emma  Dietrich^  Tillie  Gunkel, 

Edith  Rudd,  Rogneld  ^xtr^u  — Housemaids 

Donley  Davenport  —Elevator  Attendant 


Library  Open  — Daily,  except  Saturdays,  Sundays,  holidays,  and  Uni- 
versity vacations:  8  A.  M.  to  6  P.  M.;  6:30  to  10  P.  M. 
Saturdays:    8  A.  M.  TO  4  P.  M.   (building  closed  early,  for  weekly 

cleaning) . 
Holidays  and  vacations:  as  per  announcement. 

Museum   Open  — Daily,    except    Saturdays,   Sundays,  and   holidays: 
9  A,  M.  to  5  p.  M. 
Saturdays:  close  at  4  p.  M.,  for  weekly  cleaning. 
Holidays:  as  per  announcement. 


THE  STATE  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY  OF  WISCONSIN 


FORTY-XIXTH   AXXUAL  MEETIXG' 

The  forty-ninth  annual  meeting  of  the  State  Historical  So- 
ciety of  Wisconsin  was  held  in  the  lecture  room  of  the  State 
Historical  Library  Buikling,  at  Madison,  upon  Thursday  even- 
ing, December  12,  1901. 

presideint's  address. 

President  Johnston,  upon  taking  the  chair,  spoke  as  follows : 

Members  of  the  State  Historical  Society:  Twelve  years  have  elapsed 
since  you  honored  me  by  electing  me  president  of  this  society.  As  we 
cast  our  minds  back  over  these  few  short  years,  we  cannot  fail  to  be 
deeply  impressed  by  the  accelerated  speed  with  which  great  events  pass 
over  the  arena  of  human  action — by  the  rapidity  with  which  history 
is  being  made. 

During  these  dozen  years  we  have  gone  in  the  financial  and  com- 
mercial world  from  the  heights  of  prosperity  to  the  depths  of  adversity, 
and  back  again  to  prosperity;  the  rulers  of  five  of  the  greatest  nations 
in  the  world  have  died,  three  of  them  by  the  assassin's  hand;  great 
wars  have  been  waged;  and  the  allegiance  of  millions  of  the  human 
family  has  been  changed;  while  the  progress  of  education  in  many 
varied  forms  and  the  triumph  of  human  invention  over  the  forces  of 
nature  have  contributed  to  promote  the  intellectual  advancement  and 
material  comfort  of  the  human  family. 

The  work  of  our  society  has  prospered  in  a  remarkable  degree.  On 
January  2nd,  1890,  we  had  on  our  shelves  133,727  titles,  while  at  pres- 
ent we  have  226,946, — an  increase  of  about  60%, — and  our  average 
yearly  increase  is  now  about  9,000  titles. 

This  annual  meeting  is  the  first  one  in  the  twentieth  century,  and 
we  now  close  the  first  year  in  our  magnificent  new  building — circum- 


'  The  report  of  proceedings  here  published,  is  synopsized  from  the  of- 
ficial MS.  records  of  the  Society. — Sec. 
9 


10  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

stances  full  of  inspiration  and  hope.  We  were  wont  to  be  proud  of 
having  twenty-five  readers  a  day  in  our  library,  while  we  have  now 
from  350  to  450.  Knowledge  and  appreciation  of  the  work  of  the  so- 
ciety throughout  the  state,  have  grown  immensely  during  the  last  few 
years.  Our  people  now  point  to  the  State  Historical  Society  and  to 
this  magnificent  building  as  among  the  possessions  of  the  common- 
wealth of  which  they  are  most  proud.  Still,  admiration  and  appreci- 
ation pay  no  bills,  and  we  are  always  greatly  pressed  for  means;  noth- 
ing but  the  persistent  hard  work  and  self-sacrifice  of  our  secretary  and 
his  assistants  have  won  us  success.  The  society  continues  very  much 
in  need  of  funds,  and  ought  to  have  very  many  more  private  gifts, 
especially  to  its  museum,  which  depends  altogether  on  public  generosity. 
One  of  the  most  encouraging  signs  of  our  time  is  the  munificent  lib- 
erality of  a  few  of  our  rich  men,  especially  in  the  East,  to  libraries 
and  other  educational  institutions.  I  trust  the  time  is  not  far  distant 
when  some  of  the  public-spirited  men  of  wealth  in  Wisconsin  will  en- 
dow our  State  Historical  Society,  so  that  it  may  prosecute  its  noble 
mission  "distressed  by  poverty  no  more." 

We  have  during  the  past  year  received  many  valuable  gifts  both  to 
the  library  and  museum,  which  will  be  spoken  of  in  the  report  of  our 
secretary  and  superintendent. 

Having  had  the  honor  of  being  elected  president  of  the  society  for 
four  successive  terms,  I  feel  that  I  must  insist  upon  having  the  honor 
conferred  at  this  time  on  some  other  one  of  the  good  friends  of  the  in- 
stitution. 

I  think  that  we  have  all  reason  to  feel  proud  of  the  fact  that  we 
were  connected  with  the  society  when  this,  the  most  magnificent  his- 
torical society  building  on  this  continent,  was  erected;  and  this  is  not 
the  opinion  merely  of  partial  friends,  but  also  of  strangers  and  those 
best  able  to  judge. 

The  twenty-third  general  conference  of  the  American  Library  Asso- 
ciation was  held  at  Waukesha  last  July,  and  one  of  its  features  was  a 
visit  to  Madison  for  the  purpose  of  inspecting  this  building.  Some  of 
the  visiting  librarians,  on  their  return  home,  wrote  to  Mr.  Thwaites 
their  candid  opinions  of  the  building,  from  the  practical  librarians' 
point  of  view.  The  association  itself  passed  resolutions  in  which  it  re- 
ferred to  it  as  "a  notable  achievement  in  library  architecture." 

Hon.  Melvil  Dewey,  director  of  the  New  York  state  library,  says: 
"Dignity,  beauty  and  practical  convenience  are  combined  in  a  rare  de- 
gree in  the  great  building  of  which  Wisconsin  is  justly  proud." 

Mr.  R.  R.  Bowker,  editor  of  the  Library  Journal,  New  York  City, 
says:  "To  my  mind  your  new  library  building  is  notable  as  the  phys- 
ical evidence  of  a  broad  and  liberal  spirit  on  the  part  of  the  people  of 
Wisconsin;   a,nd  what  especially  struck  me,  as  one  somewhat  experi- 


FORTY-NINTH    ANNUAL    MEETING.  1  I 

enced  in  building,  is  that  you  should  have  obtained  such  value,  dollar 
for  dollar,  as  you  have  in  a  building  of  such  magnificence  and  beauty 
at  a  cost,  approximately,  of  $600,000." 

Prof.  W.  I.  Fletcher,  librarian  of  Amherst  College  and  editor  of 
Poole's  Index  to  Periodical  Literature,  says:  "I  wish  to  express  to  you 
my  high  appreciation  of  your  new  library  building.  I  have  not  seen 
another  which  combines  rare  beauty  of  design  and  finish  with  more 
features  of  practical  excellence  and  usefulness." 

Similar  opinions  were  expressed  by  Dr.  Herbert  Putnam,  librarian  of 
congress,  and  the  public  librarians  of  St.  Louis,  Detroit,  and  other  cities, 
than  whom  no  men  are  more  competent  to  judge. 

I  cannot  leave  this  chair  without  expressing  my  regret  that  I  could 
not  personally  have  done  more  to  build  up  the  society.  I  feel  that  too 
much  praise  cannot  be  given  to  our  secretary  and  superintendent,  Mr. 
Reuben  Gold  Thwaites,  to  our  librarian  and  assistant  superintendent, 
Mr.  Isaac  Samuel  Bradley,  and  to  our  assistant  librarian,  Miss  Minnie 
Myrtle  Oakley,  as  well  as  to  those  who  occupy  subordinate  places,  for 
the  untiring  faithfulness  and  ability  with  which  they  have  filled  their 
various  positions. 

In  retiring  from  the  presidency  of  the  society,  I  take  pleasure  in  as- 
suring you  that  my  interest  in  its  welfare  shall  continue  unabated.  I 
shall  ever  stand  ready  to  assist  my  successor  and  his  companions  in 
oflSce,  to  the  best  of  my  ability. 

EXECUTIVE   committee's   REPORT. 

The  secretary,  in  behalf  of  the  executive  committee,  presented 
its  annual  report,  which  was  adopted.      [Sec  Appendix  A.] 

FIXAXCIAL  REPORTS. 

Chainnan  X.  B.  Van  Slvke,  of  the  committee  on  finance,  pre- 
sented the  report  of  that  committee,  approving-  the  report  of 
Treasurer  Hanks.  Mr.  Van  Slyke  also  presented  the  report  of 
the  Draper  House  committee;  and  read  the  report  of  the  audit- 
ing committee  (Chairman  C.  X.  Brown)  upon  the  treasurer's 
accounts.  These  reports  were  severally  adopted.  [See  A|)- 
pendixes  B,  C,  and  D.] 

The  secretary  presented  his  fiscal  report  for  the  year,  covering 
disbursements  from  the  state  approjiriations,  tiie  same  having 
been  audited  by  the  secretary  of  state  and  paid  by  the  state  treas- 
urer.     [See  Appendix  E.] 


12  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 


AUXILIARY   SOCIETIES. 

The  secretary  presented  the  report  of  the  Green  Bay  Histori- 
cal Society,  an  auxiliary  to  the  state  society.  The  report  was 
onkrcd  printed  with  the  proceedings  of  this  meeting.  [See  Ap- 
pendix  F.] 

CURATORS  ELECTED. 

Messrs.  W.  F.  Vilas,  C.  X.  Brown,  J.  B.  Parkinson,  W.  W. 
Wight,  and  P.  B.  Knox  were  appointed  a  committee  on  tlie  nom- 
ination of  curators, — one  to  fill  a  vacancy,  and  twelve  to  serve 
for  the  ensuing  term  of  three  years, — and  reported  in  favor  of 
the  following,  who  were  unanimously  elected : 

For  term  expiring  at  annual  meeting  in  1902. 

Hon.  Alfred  A.  Jackson,  of  Janesville,  to  succeed  Hon.  John  A.  John- 
son, of  Madison,  deceased. 

For  term  expiring  at  annual  meeting  itl  190i. 

Hon.  Robert  M.  Bashford,  Gen.  Edwin  B.  Bryant,  Hon.  John  B.  Cas- 
soday,  Hon.  J.  H.  Carpenter,  Dr.  Charles  H.  Haskins,  Mr.  William 
A.  P.  Morris,  Hon.  Robert  G.  Siebecker,  Hon.  Breese  J.  Stevens,  and 
Dr.  Frederick  J.  Turner,  of  Madison;  Hon.  Lucius  C.  Colman,  of  La 
Crosse;  Hon.  Henry  E.  Legler,  of  Milwaukee;  and  Dr.  Herbert  B,  Tan- 
ner, of  Kaukauna. 

AMEXDMEXT   TO   COXSTITUTION. 

Mr.  Van  Slyke  gave  notice  of  the  following  proposed  amend- 
ment to  the  constitution,  action  upon  which  will  be  taken  at  the 
next  annual  meeting:^ 

Amend  sec.  1,  art.  iii  of  the  constitution  by  substituting  for  the 
word  "December,"  in  the  third  printed  line  of  said  section,  the  word 
"October." 


^  The  ob.iect  of  this  proposed  amendment  is,  to  make  the  society's  fis- 
cal year  accord  with  that  of  the  state  and  of  the  state  university — clos- 
ing June  30th;  and  to  provide  for  the  annual  meeting  of  the  society 
upon  the  third  Thursday  in  October.  This  is  in  accordance  with  the 
recommendation  of  the  executive  committee,  in  its  current  annual  re- 
port:    see  post,  p.  23. — Sec. 


fORTY-NlNTM   ANNUAL    MEETING.  1 3 

Amend  sec.  4,  art.  iii,  by'  substituting  for  the  word  "December"  in 
the  second  printed  line  of  said  section,  the  word  "July;"  and  by  sub- 
stituting for  the  word  "November"  in  said  line,  the  word  "June." 

Amend  sec.  7,  art.  iv,  by  substituting  for  the  word  "December,"  in  the 
fourth  printed  line  of  the  third  paragraph  of  said  section,  the  word 
"October." 

THE  ADAMS  GIFT. 

]\Ir.  L.  S.  Hanks  offered  the  following  resolution,  which  was 
unanimously  adopted,  and  the  secretary  instructed  to  forward 
a  copy  thereof  to  President  and  Mrs.  Adams: 

Whereas,  President  and  Mrs.  Charles  Kendall  Adams  have  gener- 
ously given  to  this  society,  as  the  trustee  of  the  state,  a  large  collection 
of  pictures,  marbles,  bronzes,  furniture,  bric-a-brac,  pottery,  laces,  rugs, 
shawls,  and  other  miscellaneous  articles  of  great  interest  and  value, 
for  permanent  exhibition  in  its  museum;  to  its  library,  several  hundred 
valuable  books;  and  for  the  endowment  of  an  art  fund,  both  for  library 
and  museum,  Mrs.  Adams's  personal  jewels,  to  be  sold  for  the  benefit 
of  said  fund;  therefore,  be  it 

Resolved,  That  the  society  hereby  expresses  to  Dr.  and  Mrs.  Adams 
its  hearty  appreciation  of  and  profound  thanks  for  their  numerous  and 
munificent  gifts  to  this  institution;  and  assures  them  that  in  these  and 
many  other  manifestations  of  their  public  spirit  and  their  zeal  for 
higher  education,  they  have  forever  endeared  themselves  to  the  people 
of  Wisconsin. 

The  members  of  the  society  beg  further,  as  individuals,  to  express 
the  sincere  hope  that  removal  to  a  warmer  climate  may  bring  to  Dr. 
and  Mrs.  Adams  renewed  health,  and  lengthen  their  lives  of  usefulness. 

The  meeting  thereupon  stood  adjourned. 


14  Wisconsin  historical  society. 


MEETING  OF  EXECUTIVE  COMMITTEE 


Tiie  annual  meeting  of  the  executive  committee  was  held  at 
the  close  of  the  society  meeting,  December  12,  1901. 
President  Johnston  took  the  chair. 

ELECTION   OF  OFFICERS. 

^ressrs.  George  B.  Burrows,  F.  J.  Turner,  L.  S.  Hanks,  B.  J. 
Stevens,  and  F.  K.  Conover  were  appointed  a  committee  on  the 
nomination  of  officers  for  the  ensuing  term  of  three  years,  and 
reported  in  favor  of  the  following,  who  were  unanimously 
elected : 

President — Hon.  Robert  L.  McCormick,  of  Hayward. 

Vice  Presidents — Hon.  James  Sutherland,  of  Janesville;  Hon.  Emil 
Baensch,  of  Manitowoc;  William  W.  Wight,  LL.  D.,  of  Milwaukee; 
Hon.  John  B.  Cassoday,  of  Madison;  Hon.  William  F.  Vilas,  of  Madi- 
son; and  Hon.  Lucius  C.  Colman,  of  La  Crosse. 

Treasurer — Hon.  Lucien  S.  Hanks,  of  Madison. 

ELECTIOfX  OF  NEW  MEMBERS. 

The  following  new  members  were  unanimously  elected: 

Life  Member.  : 

Madison — Charles  N.  Brown. 

Annual  Members.  ;       .      .   "•; 

Janesville — Emmett  D.  McGowan.  '  '     - 

Lake  Mills — E.  C.  Dodge. 

Madison — George  C.  Sellery,  Ph.  D.,  and  A.  W.  Tressler.  | 

Menasha — Publius  V.  Lawson. 

Mihvaukee — Mrs.  F.  T.  Andrae,  Charles  L.  Babcock,  John  J.  Mapel, 
and  C.  A.  Pride. 

MARY  M.  ADAMS  ART  FUND. 

Mr.  Van  Slyke  offered  the  following  amendment  to  the  by- 
laws, which  was  unanimously  adopted : 

Amend  the  by-laws  by  adding  thereto  a  new  section,  to  be  numbered 
section  15,  as  follows: 

Se{;tion  15.  There  shall  be  a  perpetual  special  fund  to  be  known  as 
the  Mary  M.  Adams  Art  Fund,  the  income  of  which,  or  so  much  of 


EXECUTIVE    COMMITTEE    MEETING.  15 

Baid  income  as  may  from  time  to  time  be  deemed  advisable  by  the  ex- 
ecutive committee,  shall  be  used  for  the  purchase  of  books  and  papers 
upon  art  for  the  library,  or  objects  of  art  for  the  museum.  The  prin- 
cipal of  said  Mary  M.  Adams  Art  Fund  shall  consist  of  the  net  proceeds 
of  the  personal  jewels  presented  by  Mrs.  Mary  M.  Adamg,  and  of  all 
other  real  and  personal  property  given,  devised,  and  bequeathed  to  the 
society  for  this  purpose  by  Charles  Kendall  Adams  and  Mary  M. 
Adams,  or  either  of  them,  together  with  such  donations  to  this  fund  as 
may  be  made  by  other  persons,  or  such  property  or  sums  of  money  as 
may  from  time  to  time  be  set  apart  by  the  executive  committee  for 
such  purpose.  Said  principal  shall  be  loaned  by  the  treasurer  of  the 
society  in  the  same  manner  as,  and  in  connection  with,  the  other  spe- 
cial funds  of  the  society;  and  all  unexpended  balance  of  interest  aris- 
ing from  such  loans  shall  annually  be  added  to  the  principal  of  the 
said  Mary  M.  Adams  Art  Fund. 

Amend  further,  by  altering  the  numbers  of  the  present  sections  15, 
16,  17,  and  18  of  said  by-laws,  so  that  they  shall  be  numbers  16,  17,  18, 
and  19  respectively. 


THE   XEW    FISCAL  YEAR. 

The  following  resolution,  offered  by  Mr.  Van  Slyke,  waa 
unanimously  adopted : 

Resolved,  That  in  order,  as  soon  as  possible,  to  harmonize  the  fiscal 
reports  of  the  society  with  those  of  the  state,  the  finance  and  auditing 
committees,  the  secretary,  and  the  treasurer  be  and  they  are  hereby 
directed  to  present  their  financial  reports  to  the  annual  meeting  of  the 
society  for  1902  as  for  the  seven  months  ending  June  30,  1902;  and 
thereafter  for  the  12  months  ending  June  30  in  each  year. 

EETIRIXG  AND  INCOMING   PRESIDENTS. 

Ifr.  Vilas  offered  the  following  resolution,  which  was  put  by 
the  secretary  and  adopted  by  a  rising  vote : 

Resolved,  That  this  society  recognizes  the  marked  ability  displayed 
by  the  Hon.  John  Johnston  while  occupying  its  presidential  chair  for 
the  past  twelve  years,  and  hereby  tenders  to  him  its  cordial  thanks  not 
only  for  this  valuable  service  but  for  many  other  manifestations  of 
his  great  interest  in  the  work  of  the  institution;  the  society  has  learned 
with  deep  regret  of  Mr.  Johnston's  wish  to  retire  from  the  presidency, 
but  trusts  that  he  may  be  induced  long  to  remain  a  member  of  the 
executive  committee  and  share  in  the  work  of  administration. 


l6  WISCONSIN   HISTORICAL   SOCIliTV. 

Mr.  Johnston  replied  briefly,  thanking  his  fellow  members 
of  the  executive  committee  for  their  generous  co-operation  dur- 
ing the  twelve  years  of  his  incumbency,  and  for  this  expression 
of  confidence,  expressing  regrets  that  he  had  been  unable  to  do 
more  for  the  society,  complimenting  the  salaried  staff  upon  their 
work,  and  assuring  the  curators  that  his  heart  would  remain  in 
the  cause  notwithstanding  he  had  thought  it  best  at  this  time  to 
retire  from  the  presidency. 

Mr.  McCormick,  the  new  president,  being  introduced,  said 
that  the  election  had  been  to  him  a  great  surprise ;  but  he  keenly 
appreciated  the  honor  conferred,  and  would  do  his  best  to  follow 
in  the  steps  of  his  worthy  predecessor  in  office,  seeking  in  every 
possible  way  the  advancement  of  the  institution. 

The  meeting  thereupon  stood  adjourned. 


APPENDIX 


A.  Report  of  Executive  Committee. 

B.  Report  of  Finance  Committee. 

C.  Report  of  Treasurer. 

D.  Report  of  Draper  House  Committee. 

E.  Fiscal  Report  of  Secretary. 

F.  Report  from  Green  Bay  Historical  Socii:ty  (Auxil- 

iary) . 

G.  Givers  of  Books  and  Pamphlets. 
H.  The  Adams  Collection. 

I.  Miscellaneous  Accessions. 

K.  Periodicals  and  I^ewspapers  Received. 

L.  Wisconsin  Necrology,  year  ending  ^NTov.  30,  1901. 

M.  Report  of  Milwaukee  Historical  Convention. 


iS  WISCONSIN   HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

EEPORT  OF  THE  EXECUTIVE  COMMITTEE 

(Submitted  to  the  Society  at  the  Forty-ninth  Annual  Meeting,  December  12, 1901.) 

SUMMARY. 

The  society  has,  within  the  year,  completed  the  task  of  get- 
ting settled  within  the  new  building.  In  addition  to  this  work, 
excellent  progress  has  been  made  in  the  duplication  of  our  of- 
ficial catalogue  cards  for  the  public  catalogue  in  the  read- 
ing room,  and  in  revising  the  official  catalogue  so  as  to  bring  it 
up  to  date  in  all  respects.  Several  card  catalogues  of  special 
collections  have  been  commenced,  and  others  comiileted.  The 
work  of  classifying  the  library  according  to  the  best  modern 
methods,  and  applying  call  numbers  to  books,  has  been  prac- 
tically finished ;  call  numbers  have,  however,  as  yet  been  placed 
upon  only  about  a  half  of  the  catalogue  cards. 

The  book  accessions  have  been  quite  above  the  average  both  in 
extent  and  quality.  The  legislature  of  1901  made  to  the  society 
a  standing  annual  appropriation  of  $5,000  for  books ;  this  is 
but  a  half  of  what  is  needed  and  was  asked  for,  but  it  neverthe- 
less is  a  larger  purchasing  fund  for  this  purpose  than  the  society 
ever  before  possessed.  The  arrearages  of  library  "wants"  was 
too  great  to  be  wholly  met  within  the  present  year ;  but  good 
progress  towards  this  end  can  be  reported. 

The  museum  has  had  its  chief  growth  in  the  liberal  gifts  of 
President  and  Mrs.  C.  K.  Adams,  of  the  University  of  Wis- 
consin. It  is  most  sincerely  hoped  that  these  may  prove  but 
the  forerunners  of  other  benefactions  from  wealthy  and  public- 
spirited  citizens  of  the  state. 

The  society  held  a  successful  historical  convention  in  Milwau- 
kee upon  the  eleventh  and  twelfth  of  October.  Field  meetings 
of  this  character,  at  centres  of  historic  interest,  result  in  dis- 
tinct benefit  to  the  cause  of  history  within  the  state. 

The  cost  of  maintenance  of  the  new  building — exclusive  of 
the  administration  of  the  society's  affairs — during  the  first 
twelve  months  of  its  occupancy  (ending  September  30th  last)^ 


REPORT   OF    EXECUTIVE   COMMITTEE.  1 9 

was  $9,095.02.  It  is  evident  that,  with  the  repairs  and  new 
supplies  which  the  building  commissioners  can  no  longer  fur- 
nish, the  annual  charges  for  maintenance  of  the  building  will, 
with  tbe  most  rigid  economy,  be  about  $10,000,  of  which  the 
state  university  pays  a  half.  Owing  to  this  heavy  draft  upon 
our  resources,  it  will  be  necessary  to  ask  the  next  legislature  for 
some  increase  of  funds  for  the  administration  of  the  society,  as 
well  as  to  make  the  book-purchasing  fund  worthy  of  the  insti- 
tution. 

The  society's  relations  with  the  library  of  the  state  university 
continue  to  be  of  the  most  cordial  character;  amply  justifying 
the  expectations  of  those  who  had  foreseen  that  placing  the  two 
libraries  under  the  same  roof  would  result  in  broadening  and 
strengthening  the  work  of  each,  to  the  betterment  of  the  inter- 
ests of  higher  education  within  our  state. 

In  all  of  the  society's  activities — library,  museum,  inveetiga- 
tions,  and  i)ublicatious — the  committee  are  enabled  to  rejwrt  one 
of  the  most  prosperous  years  in  the  history  of  the  institution. 

DEATH  OF  VICE  PEESIDEXT  COLMAIST. 

We  have  lost  b}-  death,  within  the  year,  one  of  the  vice  presi- 
dents of  the  society,  the  Hon.  Charles  L.  Colman,  of  La  Crosse. 
Mr.  Colman  was  born  at  Xorthampton,  X.  Y.,  February  23, 
1826,  Removing  with  his  parents  to  Fond  du  Lac,  in  1845, 
young  Colman  was  at  first  a  farmer;  but  about  1853  he  became 
a  manufacturer  of  shingles,  in  a  small  way,  by  horse  power. 
Wishing  to  enlarge  his  business,  he  moved  the  following  year 
to  the  moutli  of  Black  Eiver,  where  was  then  a  small  village 
which  eventually  grew  into  the  city  of  La  Crosse.  After  two 
years'  uee  of  horse  power,  a  steam  engine  was  purchased  for  the 
making  of  his  shingles.  In  1863  he  acquired  a  large  mill. 
Steadily  his  business  grew,  until  it  became,  several  years  ago, 
the  C.  L.  Colman  Lumber  Co.,  with  himself — now  one  of  the 
richest  and  most  highly  esteemed  citizens  of  La  Crosse — as  its 
president.  Remaining  active  to  the  last,  in  the  conduct  of  his 
affairs,  he  was  also  prominent  in  many  public  enterprises,  and 
had  a  deep  interest  in  the  work  of  this  society.  Death  cam©  at 
his  home,  the  night  of  July  1,  1901,  the  result  of  appendicitis. 


20  Wisconsin  Historical  society. 

DEATH  OF  JOHN  A.  JOHNSON. 

During  tlie  year  one  curator  lias  been  removed  by  death — 
the  Hon.  John  A.  Johnson,  of  Madison.  Mr.  Johnson  was  born 
in  Gisholt,  parish  of  Halden,  Norway,  April  15,  1832.  When 
he  was  a  lad  of  twelve  years,  his  parents,  who  were  farmers, 
emigrated  with  him  and  four  other  children,  to  Whitewater 
township,  Walworth  county,  Wisconsin,  where  they  purchased 
government  land;  but  in  1852,  when  our  'Colleague  was  twenty 
years  of  age,-  they  settled  upon  a  farm  in  the  town  of  Pleasant 
Springs,  Dane  county.  Young  Johnson  worked  upon  the  farm 
in  summer,  taught  school  in  the  winter,  and  sold  agricultural 
machinery  whenever  possible.  His  industry  and  thrift  caused 
him  to  become  a  rural  citizen  of  some  importance.  In  1861 
he  came  to  Madison,  the  following  year  uniting  fortunes  with 
M.  E.  Fuller  in  the  sale  of  agricultural  implements  upon  a 
more  extended  scale.  The  business  of  Fuller  &  Johnson  in 
time  assumed  large  and  prosperous  proportions.  It  developed 
finally  into  the  Fuller  &  Johnson  Manufacturing  Company, 
making  its  own  implements — an  institution,  still  in  existence 
and  having  widespread  interests  in  the  implement  trade.  About 
twelve  years  ago,  Mr.  Johnson  organized  the  Gisholt  Manufac- 
turing Company,  composed  almost  wholly  of  himself  and  his 
four  sons,  all  of  them  trained  machinists  and  practical  in- 
ventors. This  corporation  operates  a  large  plant  in  East  Madi- 
son, opposite  the  Fuller  &  Johnson  works,  and  manufactures 
lathes  which  are  in  use  in  many  foreign  countries — most  not- 
ably in  the  Krupp  gun-making  works,  at  Essen,  Germany. 

Mr.  Johnson  was  president  of  both  the  Fuller  &  Johnson  and 
Gisholt  companies,  and  for  several  years  was  president  and  one 
of  the  founders  of  the  Hekla  Insurance  Company,  of  Madison ; 
he  was  also  an  organizer  of  the  Beloit  Plow  Company,  and 
largely  interested  in  some  of  the  banking  institutions  in  Madi- 
son. A  man  of  large  wealth,  he  was  as  prominent  intellectu- 
ally among  his  people,  as  he  was  from  a  moneyed  point  of  view. 
Lacking  early  opportunities  for  education,  by  dint  of  persistent 
application  he  fully  surmounted  this  obstacle,  and  came  to  be 
recognized  throughout  the  Northwest  as  a  thinker  and  writer  of 


REPORT  OF  EXECUTIVE  COMMITTEE.  21 

much  original  power,  with  the  capacity  of  felicitously  i)hras- 
ing  his  numerous  articles  for  the  press,  both  in  the  IS^orwegian 
and  English  languages.  The  range  of  topics  in  which  he 
evinced  great  interest,  and  to  the  discussion  of  which  he  brought 
rare  acumen,  was  unusually  wide,  being  in  the  fields  of 
politics,  public  finance  and  economics,  sociology,  education, 
labor-saving  machinery,  foreign  trade,  and  agriculture. 

Although  for  forty  years  actively  engaged  in  the  conduct  of 
large  business  enterprises,  Mr.  Johnson  surrendered  much  of 
his  time  to  the  j^ublic  service.  After  several  terms  as  chair- 
man of  his  town  (Pleasant  Springs),  he  was  in  1857  elected 
a  member  of  the  state  assembly;  from  1861  to  1869,  he  was 
county  clerk  of  Dane  county;  and  in  1873-74,  a  member  of  the 
senate.  He  had  always  been  an  active  Republican,  but  in  the 
campaign  of  1884  left  his  party  and  became  a  Democrat,  Two 
years  later,  he  was  the  Democratic  nominee  for  state  treasurer, 
but  with  the  rest  of  his  ticket  met  defeat.  This  was  his  last 
appearance  as  a  candidate  for  public  ofiice.  Xot  long  there- 
after, he  resumed  connection  with  the  Republican  party,  with 
Avhich  he  remained  to  the  end. 

Mr.  Johnson's  interest  in  popular  education  was  always  of 
the  most  active  character.  In  1876,  he  gave  to  the  state  uni- 
versity a  perpetual  fund  of  $5,000,  the  annual  income  of  which 
was  to  be  "applied  in  aid  of  attendants  at  the  university,  who 
have  previously  attended  a  common  school  or  the  university,  at 
least  one  year  *  *  *  Until  the  year  1900,  the  aid  thus 
provided  for  is  limited  to  those  students  [without  distinction 
of  sex]  of  the  class  already  described,  who  can  read  or  speak, 
reasonably  well,  one  of  the  Scandinavian  languages.  *  *  ■* 
Xo  student  shall  receive  more  than  fifty  dollars  in  one  year, 
nor  shall  more  than  two  hundred  dollars  in  the  aggregate  be 
given  to  any  one  student."  The  ten  Johnson  scholarships,  of 
$35  each,  were  the  first  upon  the  rolls  of  the  university.  He 
also  was  a  liberal  giver  to  Norwegian  academies  at  Decorah, 
Iowa,  and  Xorthfield,  ]Minn.  His  interest  in  sociological  ques- 
tions led  him  recently  to  endow  a  home  for  aged  people,  in  Dane 
county,  at  a  cost  of  $40,000 ;  it  is  expected  that  this  haven  of 
rest  will  be  opened  within  the  coming  year. 


22  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

This  society  had  long  been  an  institution  greatly  interesting 
Mr.  Johnson.  lie  became  a  curator  in  1877,  and  has  ever 
since  been  an  earnest  promoter  of  its  interests,  attending  meet- 
ings of  the  governing  board  when  possible ;  proving  by  friendly 
encouragement  and  wise  counsel  how  deeply  he  was  concerned 
in  its  welfare. 

A  man  of  broad  sympathies,  he  was  possessed  of  rare  intel- 
lectual gifts  and  a  sound  judgment;  and  won  for  himself  gen- 
eral recognition  as  a  man  of  affairs,  and  a  patron  of  education. 
His  presence  at  our  board  will  be  keenly  missed. 

FINANCIAL    CONDITION. 
State  Auditing. 

It  will  be  recalled  that  a  year  ago  we  reported  that  the  state 
officers  ruled  that  this  society,  as  a  trustee  of  the  state,  was  in- 
cluded in  the  provisions  of  sec.  2,  chap.  133,  laws  of  1899, 
which  sought  to  establish  "uniformity  and  system  in  the  book 
keeping  of  the  state."  The  phraseology  of  this  act  led  us  to 
believe  at  the  time  that  it  applied  only  to  the  "offices  and  de- 
partments in  the  capitel,"  as  specifically  stated  therein,  and  not 
at  all  to  this  institution.  However,  we  contented  ourselves 
with  the  expression  of  this  opinion;  and  after  October  1,  1900, 
our  accounts  based  upon  state  aj)propriations  were  audited  by 
the  secretary  of  state  and  claims  thereon  paid  by  the  state  treas- 
urer, in  the  same  manner  as  other  state  departments. 

Chapter  433,  laws  of  1901,  which  provided  the  details  for 
"a  central  system  of  accounting  for  all  state  officers  and  state  in- 
stitutions," removed  all  doubt  of  the  construction  of  the  act  of 
1899,  so  far  as  we  were  concenied,  by  specifically  naming  (in 
sec.  1)  this  society  in  the  list  of  institutions  affected.  The 
method  inaugurated  October  1,  1900,  therefore,  has  been  con- 
tinue! throughout  the  present  year.  Its  operation  has  not,  we 
think,  proved  onerous  to  the  society ;  although  it  involves  some 
book-keeping  complications  which  have  considerably  added  to 
the  routine  duties  of  the  secretary's  office. 


REPORT   OF    EXECUTIVE    COMMITTEE.  23 

Change  in  Fiscal  Year  Desirable. 

This  new  connection  with  the  state  appears  to  render  it  es- 
sential to  make  a  change  in  the  society's  fiscal  year.  That  of 
the  state's  and  all  other  state  institutions  now  ends  upon  the 
thirtieth  of  June.  The  society's  year  now  closes  with  the  thir- 
tieth of  Il^ovember.  We  find  that  this  complicates  our  accounts 
both  with  the  state  and  the  state  university,  making  it  difficult 
to  render  to  the  society  a  report  of  fiscal  balances,  so  far  as  our 
stat-e  appropriations  are  concerned.  It  would  seem  well,  there- 
fore, to  change  the  ending  of  our  fiscal  year  to  June  30th.  lb 
would  be  impracticable,  however,  to  hold  our  annual  meeting 
in  July;  and  it  is  suggested  that,  as  soon  as  the  constitution 
can  be  amended,  this  be  held  in  October  following,  the  earliest 
date  at  which  those  of  our  members  who  are  connected  with  the 
state  university  can  attend  such  a  gathering.  Amendments 
seeking  to  effect  these  changes  will  be  offered  at  the  present 
annual  meeting,  although  it  will  take  a  year  to  render  them 
operative. 

state  Appropriations. 

Previous  to  the  present  year,  the  direct  appropriation  to  the 
society  was  made  in  a  single  lump  sum.  Under  the  provisions 
of  sec.  3,  chap.  296,  laws  of  1899,  our  annual  stipend  for  gen- 
eral purposes  was  $15,000  a  year.  Chap.  155  of  the  laws  of 
1901  provided  for  a  further  and  distinct  appropriation  of 
$5,000  per  year,  "for  the  purpose  of  purchasing  books,  periodi- 
cals, maps,  manuscripts,  and  kindred  articles"  for  the  library. 
Thus  the  aggregate  sum  received  by  the  society  in  the  calendar 
year  of  1901,  by  direct  appropriations,  will  be  $20,000.  The 
present  condition  of  these  two  funds  is  as  follows : 

Chapter  296,  Laws  of  1899. 
Receipts. 

Unexpended  balance  in  state  treasury,  Dec.  1,  1900,         .       $1,527  02 
State  appropriation  for  calendar  year,  1901,       .         .         .       15,000  00 

Total $16,527  02 


24 


WISCONSIN   HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 


Disbursements,  yea/r  ending  Nov.  30,  1901. 


Administration  of  the  Society. 

Services             $6,534  96 

Supplies   and   equipment 

35  15 

Books        

.       1,084  91 

Printing  and  binding 

73  65 

Freiglit  and  drayage 

114  58 

Travel 

203  28 

Miscellaneous             .... 

99  80 

5,146  33 


Administration  of  the  Building. 


Services 

Supplies 

Light  and  power 

Telephones 


Unexpended  balance  in  state  treasury,   Dec.  1,  1901 


.  $3,598  48 

178  22 

1,514  77 

96  70 

5,388  17 

$13,534  50 

1901 

2,992  52 

$16,527  02 

CHAPTER    155,   LAVA'S   OF   1901. 

Receipts. 


State  appropriation  for  calendar  year,  1901 

. 

$5,000  00 

Disbursements. 

Books  and  periodicals     .... 

$2,348  89 

Maps  and  MSS 

143  75 

Pictures           .         .         .         .         . 

15  40 

$2,508  04 
2,491  96 

Unexpended  balance  in  state  treasury,  Dec. 

1,   1901 

$5,000  00 

The  fiscal  report  of  the  secretary  and  siiperiiitendent  gives 
the  details  of  the  foregoing  expenditnres,  which  have  been 
aiulited  and  allowed  by  the  secretary  of  state. 


REPORT   OF   EXECUTIVE    COMMITTEE.  2$ 

i 
Maintenance  of  Building. 

Owing  to  the  fact  that  the  society  assiiined  control  of  the 
buikling  npon  the  first  of  October,  1900,  the  following  state- 
ment of  expenses  of  maintenance  thereof  are  for  the  year  end- 
ing September  30,  1901 : 

Disbursed  by  the  Society: 

Services  .         .         .         .         .         .       $3,565  34 

Supplies 201  44 

Light  and  power         .         .         .         .  1,235  17 

Telephones 78  70  '' 

$5,080  65 


Bills  from  state  university  regents,  for  the  building's  share 

of  power  house  expenses       ......         4,014  37 


Total  expense  of  maintenance     ....  $9,095  02 

One  half  thereof,  chargeable  to  each  institution          .         .       $4,547  51 
University  bills 4, 014  37 


Reimbursed  to  society,  by  university         .         .         ,  $533  14 

In  order  to  avoid  undue  complication  of  accounts,  this  rebate 
was,  as  received,  transferred  to  the  general-fund  balance  in  the 
hands  of  the  society's  treasurer.  The  report  of  the  treasurer 
gives  the  present  condition  of  this  balance,  disbursements  from 
which  have  been  approved  by  the  society's  auditing  committee. 

It  will  be  seen  that  the  total  cost  of  maintaining  the  building 
for  the  first  year  was  $9,095.02.  With  the  natural  increase  of 
bills  for  repairs  and  supplies, — many  of  the  latter  came  to  us 
with  the  original  equipment  furnished  by  the  building  eommis- 
sioners, — and  the  probable  increase  in  light  and  power  charges 
incident  to  increasing  use  of  the  library,  it  is  fair  to  predict 
that  the  expenses  for  maintenance  will  aggregate  $10,000  per 
year;  which  is  $2,000  below  the  original  estimate  of  the  joint 
committee  on  relations  with  the  state  university.  This  satisfac- 
tory result  has  been  reached  only  through  the  exercise  of  rigid 
economy  and  accountability  in  every  department  of  expendi- 
ture— an  economy  w^hich,  however,  has  not,  save  in  the  one 
item  of  lighting  current,  diminished  the  usefulness  of  the  buil(]- 
3 


26  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 

ing.  I*^o  doubt  a  more  liberal  use  of  light  would  enhance  the 
comfort  of  all  concerned ;  but  this  appears  to  be  impracticable 
until  a  state  plant  can  be  constructed. 

It  is  proper  here  to  state  that  the  year's  experience  has  proved 
that  the  two  principal  libraries  within  the  building — the  care 
of  the  Wisconsin  academy  library  has  practically  been  placed 
in  the  hands  of  the  university  librarian — maintain,  under  care- 
fully-guarded agreements,  entirely  harmonious  relations,  to  the 
complete  satisfaction  of  the  officials  concerned.  The  society, 
with  its  own  staff  of  care-takers,  retains  the  general  custody  of 
the  entire  building,  as  the  trustee  of  the  state,  and  specificaily 
of  all  public  corridors  and  reading  rooms;  the  university  li- 
brary remaining  supreme  in  its  own  assigned  office  and  work 
rooms,  except  so  far  as  cleaning,  lighting,  policing,  and  repairs, 
which  are  the  society's  care.  The  expenses  of  thus  maintaining 
the  building- — each  library  has  its  own  staff,  independent  of  this 
arrangement — are,  as  stated  above,  shared  equally  between  the 
society  and  the  university. 

The  Binding  Fund. 

This  fund,  now  consisting  of  $30,078.38  in  cash  and  se- 
curities, is  the  product  of  special  gifts,  one-half  of  the  mem- 
bership dues  and  i*eceipts  from  the  sale  of  duplicates,  and  the 
interest  on  loans.  The  net  increase  during  the  year  was 
$671.91.  The  fund  is  now  doing  admirable  work  in  eking  out 
the  bounty  of  the  state. 

The  Antiquarian  Fund. 

This  is  the  product  of  interest  on  loans,  one-half  of  the  mem- 
bership dues  and  receipts  from  the  sale  of  duplicates,  and  spe^ 
cial  gifts.  The  treasurer's  report  shows  that  it  now  consists 
of  $4,650.43,  a  net  gain  during  the  year  of  $668.95.  The  in- 
come of  this  fund,  when  it  assumes  larger  proportions,  is  to  be 
expended  in  "prosecuting  historical  investigations,  and  procur- 
ing desirable  objects  of  historic  or  ethnological  interest"  for  the 
rnuseurp..     Gifts  to  tjiis  fund  are  greatly  needed. 


REPORT    OF    EXECUTIVE    COMMITTEE.  27 

The  Draper  Fund. 

From  tlie  treasurer's  report,  it  will  be  seen  that  there  is  now 
in  this  fund  the  sum  of  $360.90.  Xo  portion  of  the  income  of 
the  fund  has  been  expended  during  the  year,  as  the  work  of  in- 
dexing the  Draper  MSS.,  to  which  this  fund  is  devoted,  has 
not  yet  been  commenced.  The  many  duplicates  in  the  Draper 
library  have  now  been  written  up  on  cards,  and  priced  lists 
thereof  will  soon  be  sent  out  to  possible  purchasers,  wdth  a  view 
to  obtaining  a  substantial  increase  to  the  fund.  Many  of  these 
duplicates  are  of  considerable  value. 

The  Mary  M.  Adams  Art  Fund.  * 

At  the  present  annual  meeting  there  will  be  established  by 
the  committee  the  "Mary  M.  Adams  Art  Fund,"  the  result  of 
the  gift  to  the  society  by  Mrs.  Charles  Kendall  Adams,  of  Madi- 
son, of  her  personal  jewels. 

These  jewels,  which  included  a  considerable  number  of  dia- 
monds  and  other  precious  stones,  were,  about  the  middle  of  ^o- 
vember,  placed  in  the  hands  of  the  secretary  to  be  disposed  of 
by  him  for  the  benefit  of  a  special  perpetual  fund,  the  interest 
of  which  is  to  be  expended  by  the  society  for  the  purchase  of  art 
books  for  the  library  or  objects  of  art  for  the  museum,  as  may 
from  time  to  time  be  thought  desirable.  lie  associated  with 
himself  Professors  William  II.  Hobbs  and  Joseph  Jastrow  of 
the  state  university,  who  have  expert  knowledge  of  jewels,  and 
they  have  been  of  great  assistance  in  the  matter.  The  collec- 
tion was  finally  sold,  upon  November  30th,  to  Alfred  II.  Smith 
k  Co.  of  London  and  ISTew  York,  for  $3,850,  by  and  with  the 
consent  of  Mrs.  Adams  who  was  of  course  consulted  at  each 
stage  of  the  proceedings.  Payment  will  be  made  April  1,  1902. 
Mrs.  Adams  has  kindly  promised  to  add  to  this  fund  as  oppor- 
tunity offers. 


28 


WISCONSIN   HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 


LIBRARY   ACCESSIONS. 


Following  is  a  suiinuary  of  library  accessions  during  tiio  year 
ending  November  30,  1901: 

Books  purchased   (including  exchanges)           .         .         .     3,338 
Boolis   by  gift 2,374 


Total  books        •      .         .         .         . 
Pamphlets  by  gift  .... 

Pamphlets  on  exchange  and  by  purchase 
Pamphlets  made  from  newspaper  clippings 


5,712 


5,032 

545 

51 


Total  pamphlets       .......  5,628 

Total  accessions  of  titles         .....  11,340 

Present  (estimated)  strength  of  the  library: 

Books 114,572 

Pamphlets .  112,374 

Total 226,946 


The  year's  book  'accessions  are  classified  as 

foil 

ows : 

Cyclopaedias       ...........             16 

Newspapers  and  periodicals 

934 

Philosophy  and  religion 

140 

Biography  and  genealogy 

401 

History — general 

68 

History — foreign 

194 

History — American 

288 

History— local  (U.  S.) 

308 

Geography  and  travel 

530 

Political  and  social  science 

205 

Legislation 

1,869 

Natural  science 

161 

Useful  arts 

119 

British  Patent  Office  reports 

135 

Fine  arts 

^ 

213 

Language  and  literature 

60 

Bibliography 

71 

Total       ......... 

.       0,712 

REPORT  OF  EXECUTIVE  COMMITTEE.  2C) 

Tlic  following  comparative  statistics  of  gifts  and  pnveiiascs 
are  snggestive: 

Total   accessions   of  titles         .......  11,340 

Percentage  of  gifts,  in  accessions     ......  66 

Percentage  of  purchases   (including  exchanges),  in  accessions  34 

Total  gifts   (including  duplicates,  which  are  not  accessioned)  11,562 

Books  given       ..........  3,836 

Pamphlets  given       .........  7,726 

Percentage  of  gifts  that  were  duplicates           ....  36 

Percentage  of  gifts  that  were  accessions            ....  64 

Important  Gifts  to  the  Library. 

In  an  appendix  to  this  report,  is  presented  the  iisnal  list  of 
givers  of  books  and  pamphlets.  Two  gifts  to  the  library  have, 
within  the  year,  been  of  unusual  importance. 

The  first,  the  bequest  of  the  late  Prof.  James  Sargent  Smith 
of  the  state  university,  who  left  to  us  his  large  and  well-selected 
collection  of  bound  and  unbound  musical  scores,  and  many  mis 
cellaneous  works  in  this  field.  The  Smith  collection  is  our  first 
important  accession  in  the  department  of  music ;  it  consists  of 
172  volumes,  785  unbound  scores,  and  38  pamphlets. 

The  second  notable  gift  was  by  Mrs.  Charles  Kendall  Adams, 
of  694  volumes,  largely  consisting  of  fine,  often  beautifully- 
illustrated,  editions  of  standard  English  authors,  and  miscel- 
laneous English  belles  lettres,  with  many  books  of  art,  travel, 
and  general  reference.  The  bulk  of  Dr.  Adams's  library, 
largely  composed  of  ^vorks  upon  European  history,  between 
2,000  and  3,000  in  number,  was  presented  to  our  neighbor,  the 
library  of  the  state  university. 

Mr.  Theodore  Schroeder,  a  graduate  of  the  university  of  Wis- 
consin, and  now  of  Xew  York  city,  but  for  several  years  a  resi- 
dent of  Salt  Lake  City,  has  amassed  the  largest  and  most  impor- 
tant collection  extant  of  books,  pamphlets,  and  newspaper  files 
bearing  upon  Mormonism.  This  collection,  consisting  of  1,273 
titles,^  Mr.  Schroeder  has  loaned  to  the  society's  library,  where 


^  Books,  448;  bound  volumes  of  newspaper  files,  43;  bound  volumes  of 
periodicals,  232;  pamphlets,  550. 


30  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

it  is  housed  in  a  special  room,  and  will  be  of  importance  to  stu- 
dents of  this  subject.  It  is  probable  that  the  collection  will  ul- 
timately be  presented  to  us. 

WORK   IN   THE   LIBRARY. 

Getting  Settled. 

Although  the  actual  removal  of  the  library  from  the  capitol 
to  the  new  building  had  been  happily  completed  at  the  time  of 
our  last  annual  report,  there  was  still  much  to  do  in  accommo- 
dating ourselves  to  the  new  quarters;  for,  despite  careful  prep- 
aration, the  arrangement  in  stacks,  departmental  libraries,  and 
administrative  offices  could  be  but  tentative  until  the  several 
officials  had  tested  thein.  More  or  less  shifting  has  been  found 
necessary,  but  now,  at  the  close  of  a  year's  experience,  the  so- 
ciety is  at  last  "settled,"  so  far  as  present  needs  are  concerned. 

Our  Space  Limited. 

To  these  unacquainted  with  the  details  and  necessities  of  our 
library  work, — the  natural  growth  of  our  collections,  and  the 
growing  daily  demand  upon  our  resources,  arising  from  a 
greatly-increased  body  of  users, — the  statement  may  seem  sur- 
prising, that  we  are  already  beginning  to  appreciate  the  limita- 
tions of  the  new  building,  in  the  matter  of  area.  The  room 
devoted  to  the  department  of  public  documents,  in  particular,  is 
found  to  be  altogether  too  small  for  our  needs;  but  it  cannot 
well  be  enlarged.  The  British  and  American  pattftit  reports, 
Avhich  naturally  belong  in  this  department,  have  necessarily  to 
be  shelved  within  the  stacks;  and,  such  is  the  enormous  output 
of  publications  of  this  character,  before  the  close  of  another 
year  we  shall  be  obliged  to  withdraw  other  series  of  documents — 
a  weeding-out  process  which  will  have  continually  to  be  re- 
sorted to  in  the  future;  therein  measureably  restricting  the 
scope  of  the  department.  The  university  library  is  also  grow- 
ing rapidly,  and  will  soon  outgrow  the  room,  at  first  thought  to 
be  liberal  in  extent,  allotted  to  it  in  the  stacks.  The  develop- 
ment of  our  own  work  in  other  departments  is  closely  crowding 


REPORT   OF   EXECUTIVE    COMMtTTEE.  ^t 

the  available  office  room.  So  that  in  all  directions  it  is  easily 
seen  that  before  the  north  wing  can  be  built,  even  should  the 
legislature  of  1903  order  its  construction,  every  portion  of  the 
present  building  will  be  thought  crowded.  The  projected  wing 
would  probably  suffice  for  a  term  of  twenty-five  years;  at  the 
end  of  which  time,  however,  the  proposed  transverse  addition 
carrying  the  building  back  to  the  Park  street  line,  will  be  found 
a  necessity. 

Cataloguing  and  Classification. 

We  pointed  out,  a  year  ago,  that  in  a  library  of  this  size,  it  is 
desirable  that  there  be  two  card  catalogiies — one  in  the  catalogue 
room  for  official  use,  and  the  other  in  the  delivery  (or  issue) 
room  for  the  needs  of  the  public.  AVhile  within  our  contracted 
quarters  in  the  capitol,  we  found  it  possible  to  work  with  an  of- 
ficial catalogue  alone ;  but  it  is  now  imperative,  with  our  greatly- 
enlarged  constituency  of  readers,  and  longer  distances  to  travel 
within  the  building,  that  the  pul)lic  catalogue  be  installed  at  the 
earliest  possible  date. 

The  great  work  of  duplicating  the  official  catalogue  cards  was 
commenced  while  we  were  in  the  capitol,  and  is  still  receiving 
the  almost  constant  attention  of  several  cataloguers.  Our  of- 
ficial catalogue  is  in  two  divisions — authors,  and  subjects  and 
titles.  The  cards  in  the  author  section,  being  the  only  ones 
thus  far  fully  marked  with  call  numbers,  have  first  been  dupli- 
cated, the  work  having  now  proceeded  through  nearly  all  the 
principal  classes  that  are  mostly  in  use — literature  and  relig- 
ion not  being  as  yet  included.  The  copying  of  the  official  sub- 
ject catalogue  will  be  commenced  at  an  early  date. 

Incidental  to  this  process  of  duplication  for  the  public  cata- 
logue, the  official  catalogue  has  been  quite  thoroughly  worked 
over  and  put  into  much  better  condition  than  before,  errors  and 
out-of-date  methods  being  eliminated  so  far  as  possible.  Xo 
catalogue  may  be  deemed  perfect — it  is  a  matter  of  growth ;  re- 
vision and  improvements  are  continually  necessary ;  all  that  the 
best  librarians  hope  for  is,  that  the  index  to  their  collections 
may  be  found  reasonably  well  abreast  of  the  best  methods  now 
extant. 


.|2  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

During  the  year,  there  has  been  completed  a  card  catalogue 
of  our  large  collection  of  genealogy.  Ours  being  one  of  the 
three  or  four  most  important  collections  of  genealogical  material 
in  the  iJnitcd  States,  this  department  is  largely  resorted  to  by 
men  and  women  from  various  portions  of  the  West,  either  per- 
sonally or  by  letter.  A  special  card  catalogue  of  this  descrip- 
tion is  a  valuable  addition  to  our  working  machinery.  We  al- 
ready possess  a  similar  catalogue  to  our  great  newspaper  col- 
lection, and  one  to  the  sources  of  information  relative  to  the 
biographies  of  prominent  men  and  women  of  Wisconsin. 
Others,  devoted  to  maps  and  manuscripts,  and  public  documents, 
will  be  prepared  in  due  course. 

The  classification  of  the  library,  and  the  placing  of  call- 
marks  upon  the  books,  a  task  of  much  magTiitude,  has  also  been 
practically  completed  within  the  year ;  but  thus  far  only  a  half 
of  the  catalogue  cards  have  had  these  numbers  printed  upon 
them.  This  work  will  hereafter,  of  course,  proceed  contem- 
poraneously with  our  accessions.  While  within  the  capitol, 
with  the  books  close  at  hand  to  the  issue  counter,  expert  attend- 
ants, who  were  familiar  with  our  resources,  could  with  com- 
parative ease  secure  books  for  readers ;  but  the  new  building, 
with  its  larger  spaces,  brings  new  conditions ;  old-time  methods 
can  no  longer  be  followed — counter  attendants  now  require  as- 
sistants to  bring  the  books,  and  the  most  modern  systems  of 
classification  and  numbering  are  needed  to  render  our  ten  miles 
of  shelving  intelligible  to  the  novice. 

Binding. 

There  have  been  bound  within  the  year,  1,315  volumes  of 
books  and  periodicals,  and  489  volumes  of  newspapers — a  total 
of  1,804.  The  preparation  of  these  for  the  bindery  has  in  it- 
self been  a  work  of  considerable  projiortions. 

Duplicates  and  Exchanges. 

Our  duplicate  department  has  always  been  an  important  feat- 
ure of  our  library.  In  an  institution  receiving  many  gifts  of 
books  and  pamphlets,  a  considerable  percentage  of  these  are  in- 


REPORT   OF   EXECUTIVE   COMMITTEE.  3^ 

evitably  diiplications  of  what  are  already  upon  the  shelves.  We 
have  for  several  years  past,  conducted  an  active  exchange  of 
duplicates  with  other  large  libraries.  During  the  present  year 
it  has  been  possible  to  introduce  considerable  improvement  in 
this  branch  of  our  work.  Xearly  all  duplicates,  including  those 
in  the  Draper  library,  are  now  listed  upon  cards,  which  are  sent 
to  corresponding  libraries,  they  favoring  us  with,  like  cards  of 
their  duplicate  stock.  In  this  way,  selections  are  mutually 
made,  and  books  and  pamphlets  which  are  not  needed  in  one  li- 
brary find  somewhere  in  the  country  a  w^eleome  haven. 

Legislative  Reference  Library. 

By  chap.  168,  laws  of  1901,  the  legislature  has  added  several 
sections  to  the  statutes  of  1898,  bearing  upon  the  work  of  the 
Wisconsin  free  library  commission.  One  of  these  (sec.  373  f ) 
has  reference  to  this  society,  as  follows :  ''The  said  commission 
is  also  hereby  authorized  and  directed  to  co-operate,  during  ses- 
sions of  the  legislature,  with  the  secretary  and  superintendent 
of  the  state  historical  society  of  Wisconsin,  as  trustee  of  the 
state,  with  a  view  to  a  joint  arrangement  by  which  the  needs 
of  the  legislature  in  the  matter  of  general  books  of  reference 
may  be  met  to  the  fullest  possible  extent;  and  said  commission 
shall  give  space  within  its  rooms  to  books  brought  to  the  capitol 
by  said  society  for  such  purpose,  as  may  be  jointly  agreed  upon 
between  them." 

This  contemplates  the  establishment  by  us  of  a  small  branch 
reference  library,  at  the  library  commission's  rooms  in  the  capi- 
tol, during  sessions  of  the  legislature,  with  telephonic  connection 
with  the  central  library.  Xo  doul)t  this  arrangement  will  prove 
mutually  advantageous  to  the  legislature  and  to  the  society. 

Differentiation  with  University  Library. 

The  housing  of  three  libraries  under  the  same  roof — those 
of  this  society,  the  state  university,  and  the  Wisconsin  academy 
of  sciences,  arts,  and  letters — each  of  which  is  either  wholly 
or  in  part  supported  by  the  state,  was  of  the  greatest  importance 
to   scholars,  making   readily    available    the    collections    of  all. 


34  WlSCONStl^    HISTORICAL   SOCtETY. 

Each  library  had  made  considerable  progress  along  special 
lines — that  of  the  society,  largely  in  the  fields  of  Americana, 
English  history,  Shakespeareana,  genealogy,  economics,  political 
science,  sociology,  and  geography  and  travel;  that  of  the  uni- 
versity, in  the  sciences,  classics,  general  European  history,  belles 
lettres,  philology,  philosoi^hy,  mathematics,  education,  and  art; 
that  of  the  academy,  in  sets  of  transactions  of  learned  bodies 
throughout  the  world,  chiefly  scientific,  all  of  them  obtained 
through  exchange  of  publications. 

There  had,  in  the  university  and  society  libraries,  so  long  as 
they  were  a  mile  apart,  necessarily  been  considerable  duplica- 
tion, in  order  to  satisfy  the  general  needs  of  two  distinct  refer- 
ence collections.  But  the  coming  together  of  the  libraries  eur 
abled  us  to  attempt  a  close  differentiation  in  purchases,  thus 
avoiding  useless  duplication,  and  making  the  narrow  library 
funds  of  the  society  and  the  university  cover  a  wider  field, 
to  the  distinct  betterment  of  both  institutions.  This  tenta- 
tive differentiation  has,  after  a  year's  experiment,  been  fin- 
ally adjusted  by  the  respective  chiefs,  and  is  now  upon  a  sound 
working  basis.  Each  library  will  hereafter  be  kept  strictly  to 
its  own  field  of  acquisition;  the  matter  of  general  reference 
works,  periodicals,  etc.,  being  adjusted  by  conference  as  occasion 
arises. 

:  ,  ;     ,      .       .  OFFICE  WORK. 

Professional  Conventions. 

Isolated  as  our  institution  is,  from  large  centres  of  popula- 
tion and  of  professional  activity  in  the  fields  of  historical  re- 
search and  library  development,  it  is  of  importance  that  con- 
siderable effort  be  made  to  keep  in  fairly  constant  touch  with 
our  contemporaries  in  other,  and  particularly  the  Eastern 
states;  this,  in  order  that  the  most  progressive  ideals  and 
methods  of  our  day  may  here  be  maintained.  Acting  upon  this 
principle,  the  secretary  has  sought  to  be  present  at  and  take  part 
in  the  most  important  historical  and  library  conventions  of  the 
year. 


REPORT   OF    EXECUTIVE   COMMlTTEfe.  35 

■  During  the  Christmas  holidays  of  1900,  he  attended  the  an- 
nual meeting  of  the  American  Historical  Association  in  Detroit 
and  Ann  Arbor,  Mich.  The  next  meeting  of  this  important  so- 
ciety, which  is  doing  so  much  to  inspire  historical  research 
throughout  the  United  States,  will  be  held  two  weeks  hence  at 
Washington,  D.  C. 

At  Atlantic  City,  X.  J.,  March  22  and  23  last,  he  attended 
an  inter-state  convention,  composed  of  about  200  librarians  from 
most  of  the  Xorth  Atlantic  states,  and  the  executive  board  of  the 
American  Library  Association.  This  meeting  was  notable  for 
its  conference  upon  co-operation  in  the  printing  of  library  cards ; 
considerable  progress  towards  this  desirable  end  was  made 
thereat. 

The  annual  conference  of  the  American  Library  Association 
was  held  at  Waukesha,  July  3-10.  It  was  attended  by  about 
500  library  workers,  coming  from  nearly  every  state  of  the 
Union,  and  from  Canada.  The  conference  was  in  every  sense 
a  decided  professional  success,  and  incidentally  served  greatly 
to  stimulate  popular  interest  in  public  libraries  throughout  the 
N^orthwest.  Ten  members  of  our  staff  attended  the  conference, 
either  in  whole  or  in  part.  Upon  the  eighth  of  July,  about  300 
of  the  members  of  the  Association  visited  Madison,  being  en- 
tertained for  the  day  by  the  librarians  of  the  city.  They  came 
chiefly  to  view  the  building  of  this  society.  As  will  be  seen 
from  comments  upon  the  structure,  made  by  some  of  the  prin- 
cipal library  administrators  of  the  country,  and  published  in 
the  Memorial  Volume,  they  were  very  favorably  impressed  by 
both  the  practical  convenience  and  the  beauty  of  our  new  home. 

Another  important  meeting  of  the  year  attended  by  the  sec- 
retary', was  the  annual  convention  of  the  I^ew  York  Library  As- 
sociation held  at  Lake  Placid,  September  21-30.  This  au- 
tumnal conference  in  the  Adirondacks  has  now  assumed  large 
proportions,  and  attracts  librarians  from  many  of  the  states 
oast  of  the  Mississippi  River.  At  the  recent  gathering,  there 
were  over  150  active  library  workers  rej) resenting  fifteen  states. 
Perhaps  the  most  satisfactory  feature  of  the  meeting  this  year, 
was  the  completion  of  arrangements  with  the  Library  of  Con- 
gress to  undertake  the  printing  of  library  catalogue  cards  for 


36  WISCONSIN   HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

the  country  in  general.  This  is  a  great  step  forward,  in  Amer- 
ican library  economy.  There  are  still  some  details  to  perfect; 
but  the  time  now  seems  near  at  hand  when  large  public  libraries 
will,  for  a  relatively  small  consideration,  purchase  their  cata- 
logue cards  at  the  same  time  that  they  do  their  books,  thus  avoid- 
ing unnecessary  duplication  of  effort,  and  thereby  saving  ma- 
terially in  perhaps  the  most  expensive  department  of  library  ad- 
ministration. 

The  Wisconsin  Library  Association  held  its  annual  meeting 
at  Eau  Claire,  February  21  and  22,  the  secretary  taking  part 
in  the  i)rogramme.  Public  library  interests  within  our  state 
continue  their  remarkable  development.  Several  cities  have 
been  recipients  of  the  bounty  of  Mr.  Andrew  Carnegie,  of 
Pittsburg,  and  their  new  buildings  are  either  being  planned  or 
are  in  course  of  actual  construction.  The  society's  relations 
with  the  Wisconsin  free  library  commission  are  of  the  most  cor- 
dial character,  each  institution  being  enabled  in  many  practical 
ways  to  serve  the  other. 

State  Field  Work. 

As  usual,  the  secretary  has,  in  the  interests  of  the  society, 
been  able,  within  the  year,  to  visit  various  sections  of  the  state ; 
to  address  j)ublic  meetings  or  consult  with  citizens  concerning 
the  organization  or  conduct  of  local  historical  societies,  to  col- 
lect manuscripts  and  other  material  for  the  archives  and  the 
published  Collections,  or  to  serve  the  general  interests  of  West- 
ern liistorical  study. 

Field  Convention  at  Milwaukee. 

Upon  October  11  and  12,  in  Milwaukee,  the  committee  on 
field  meetings  conducted  for  the  society  a  highly-successful  his- 
torical convention.  The  attendance  was  not  as  large  as  had 
been  hoped  for ;  but  it  was  of  a  substantial  character,  and  much 
interest  was  displayed.  A  report  of  the  convention  is  herewith 
presented.^ 

It  is  still  uncertain,  because  of  the  scarcity  of  historic  cen- 

'See  Appendix  M. 


REPORT  OP^  EXECUTIVE  COMMITTEE.  37 

tres  within  our  state,  whether  it  will  he  profitable  to  repeat  these 
historical  field  meetings  each  year ;  hut  that  they  may,  at  least, 
be  made  successful  features  of  alternate  years,  now  seems  as- 
sured. 

PUBLICATIOIS^S. 

In  addition  to  our  Proceedings  for  1900,  and  the  necessary 
separates  therefrom,  the  society  has  issued  two  publications 
within  the  year : 

(1)  A  memorial  volume  of  139  quarto  pages.  This  is 
printed  upon  heavy  enameled  paper  and  neatly  bound  in  art  can- 
vas. The  book  contains  the  several  addresses  delivered  at  the 
dedication  of  the  new  building,  October  19,  1900,  a  history  of 
the  society,  a  description  of  the  building,  and  accounts  of  the 
several  libraries  contained  therein.  The  illustrations  are  nu- 
merous and  of  a  high  order  of  merit. 

(2)  Bulletin  Xo.  15,  consisting  of  29  octavo  pages.  This  is 
an  outline  of  topics  and  references,  for  the  use  of  clubs  engaged 
in  the  study  of  the  Middle  West,  Kentucky,  and  Tennessee.  It 
was  prepared  i7i  conjunction  with  the  school  of  history  in  the 
state  university.  A  traveling  library  of  about  forty  books  and 
pamphlets  has  been  prepared  upon  this  topic,  and  will  be  loaned 
through  the  effective  agency  of  the  library  committee  of  the  Wis- 
consin Federation  of  Women's  Clubs;  which  committee  has  al- 
ready in  charge  our  first  traveling  library,  upon  Wisconsin  His- 
tory. 

Material  for  Vol.  XVI  of  the  Wisconsin  Historical  Collec- 
tions is  now  in  course  of  editing.  It  will  be  wholly  devoted  to 
documents  bearing  upon  the  French  regime  in  Wisconsin,  re- 
cently copied  for  the  society  from  the  originals  in  the  French 
governmental  archives  in  Paris.  This  important  and  interest- 
ing i>eriod  in  the  history  of  our  state  havS  not  thus  far  been  fully 
exploited;  because  until  now  the  documents  in  the  case  have 
not  been  available  to  students. 

THE   MUSEUM. 

Such  of  our  funds  as  are  derived  from  the  public  treasury 
will   doubtless   always  be  used,  in  largest   part,   to  meet   the 


38  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

expenses  of  administration  and  to  build  up  the  library.  It  is 
likely  that  we  shall  continually  be  obliged  to  rely  upon  our  spe- 
cial funds  and  upon  private  beneficence  for  the  proper  develop- 
ment of  the  museum.  Despite  the  wide  reputation  of  our  li- 
brary and  publications,  the  museum  is  the  department  of  our 
work  which  chiefly  appeals  to  the  general  public;  and  its  im- 
portance as  a  factor  in  popular  education  is  not  to  be  over- 
estimated. It  is  proper,  therefore,  earnestly  to  labor  for  the 
considerable  growth  of  the  antiquarian  fund,  and  to  enlist 
interest  in  our  museum  on  the  part  of  the  wealthy  and  benevo- 
lent. 

In  every  department  of  the  museum,  exclusive  of  the  munifi- 
cent gifts  of  Dr.  and  Mrs.  Charles  Kendall  Adams,  we  have 
during  the  year  maintained  our  customary  growth — in  oil  and 
crayon  portraits,  marble  busts,  historical  relics,  and  archaeolog- 
ical specimens. 

Dr.  and  Mrs.  Adams  have  recently  made  gifts  to  this  dcjiart- 
ment  which  quite  overshadow  all  previous  contributions  to  the 
museum,  from  a  single  source.  These  gifts  comprise  pictures 
in  oil,  pastel,  and  water  color,  marble  statuary,  etchings,  steel 
engravings,  and  photographs.  Among  them  are  the  two  life- 
size  oil  portraits  of  Dr.  and  Mrs.  Adams,  which  have  for  nine 
years  been  hung  in  the  dining  room  of  the  president's  house. 
Other  noticeable  pictures  are,  oil  paintings  of  the  Via  Appia, 
Midnight  Sun,  Mt.  Hood,  Lake  George,  Mont  Blanc,  Lake 
Como,  Sorrento,  Portrait  of  a  Bride,  and  a  score  of  others  quite 
as  deserving  of  mention.  There  are  several  beautiful  water- 
colors  of  Venice,  Traitors'  Gate,  etc. ;  and  a  pastel  Portrait  of  a 
Girl,  which  is  very  charming.  The  engravings,  etchings,  and 
photographs  represent  a  wide  range  of  interest,  prominent 
among  them  being  a  rare  engraving  of  Warwick  Castle.  There 
are  also  numerous  paintings  on  porcelain,  which  are  of  value 
as  works  of  art.  In  marble  there  is  a  striking  life-size  bust  of 
Zenobia  by  Story — of  course  an  ideal  portrait. 

The  furniture  from  the  Adams  house,  given  to  the  society,  is 
limited  to  a  few  especially  fine  pieces;  among  them,  several 
large  oak  chairs,  chairs  with  ivory  and  pearl  inlaid,  an  old 
Florentine  trousseau  chest,  a  Florentine  cabinet,  another  of  in- 


REPORT   OF   EXECUTIVE    COMMITTEE.  .-^Q 

laid  ivory  and  motlier-of  pearl,  a  gilt  and  malachite  table,  and 
Japanese  and  German  fire-screens. 

In  bronzes  and  brasses  there  are  several  pieces.  The  for- 
mer consist  of  statuettes,  urns,  pitchers,  candelabra,  and 
hanging  lamps ;  the  brasses  include  vases,  lamps,  and  placques. 
There  are  also  numerous  beautiful  articles  made  from  malachite, 
alabaster,  ivory,  majolica,  terra  cotta,  Venetian  glass,  silver, 
glass,  and  inlaid  woods ;  some  of  these  are  of  considerable  his- 
toric interest. 

The  department  of  pottery  will  alone  attract  the  attention  of 
every  visitor  to  the  museum,  who  is  interested  in  beautiful 
specimens  of  this  art.  Many  of  the  famous  wares  are  repre- 
sented— among  them  Eoyal  Berlin,  Cantagalli,  Le  ISTove, 
Choisy  le  roi,  Ginori,  Wedgewood,  Majolica,  Dresden,  Cloi- 
sonne, Delft,  Vienna,  and  national  wares  from  Japan,  China, 
Hungary,  Switzerland,  ISTorway,  and  several  other  lands. 

Prominent  in  the  Adams  collection  are  several  rich  and  rare 
laces.  In  the  cases  devoted  to  them,  may  be  found  large  speci- 
mens of  Venetian  rose  point,  raised  Venetian  point,  Venetian 
point  coraline;  a  fichu  of  point  duchesse  and  Brussels  needle 
(or  rose)  point,  once  owned  by  the  Empress  Eugenie  of  France ; 
several  other  specimens  of  Brussels  needle  (or  rose)  point; 
Brussels  pillow,  point  d'Alencon,  Italian  guipure,  Ibertian  gui- 
pure. In  black  laces,  there  is  a  shawl  of  Brussels,  a  fichu,  and 
several  beautiful  specimens.  A  feature  of  the  lace  display  is  a 
fan  of  black  lace,  with  pearl  sticks. 

The  greater  part  of  the  miscellaneous  collection — laces,  bric- 
a-brac,  bronzes,  pottery,  etc. — is  in  the  long  hall  known  as  Room 
no.  407 ;  this  room,  whose  dimensions  are  16  by  60  feet,  is  lined 
with  high  wall  cases,  with  a  row  of  flat  cases  down  the  centre, 
all  of  which  are  filled  with  the  collection.  Room  no.  419, 
in  the  northwest  corner  of  the  museum,  is  entirely  given  up  to 
the  pictures  of  the  collection ;  this  room  has  a  fioor  space  of  26 
by  28  feet. 

Of  the  gift  of  her  jewels  made  to  the  society  by  Mrs.  Adams, 
to  form  the  Mary  M.  Adams  art  fund,  and  of  her  generous  gift 
of  about  TOO  books  to  the  library,  mention  is  elsewhere  made  in 
this  report  (pp.  13,  27,  29), 


40  WISCONSIN   HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

Tlie  many  thousands  of  persons  who  annually  will  visit  the 
library  and  museum  of  the  society — 00,000  have  been  received 
there  within  the  last  twelve  months — will  have  reason  most  sin- 
cerely to  thank  President  and  Mrs.  Adams  for  their  generosity 
to  the  people  of  the  state.  Xot  only  will  the  existing  collection 
be  preserved  for  all  time;  but  each  year  the  interest  derived 
from  the  Mary  M.  Adams  art  fund  will  add  to  it  new  treasures. 

THE  BUILDING   COMMISSIONERS. 

The  board  of  commissioners  for  erecting  the  state  historical 
library  huilding  will  not  complete  their  labors  until  the  receipt 
and  disbursement  of  the  annual  appropriation  to  them  for  the 
year  1903.  During  the  past  year,  practically  all  outstanding 
accounts  for  construction  and  equipment  have  been  liquidated. 
The  board  will  he  occupied  for  another  tw^o  years  in  squaring 
its  accounts  with  the  state  trust  funds,  from  which  loans  were 
obtained  by  special  authority  of  law,  in  advance  of  the  receipt 
of  appropriations.  A  sum  probably  sufficient  for  a  modest  dec- 
oration of  the  present  white  walls  has  been  set  aside ;  and  possi- 
bly this  work  may  be  undertaken  during  next  year.  It  is  sin- 
cerely hoped  that  the  legislature  of  1903  may  deem  it  wise  to 
continue  the  annual  appropriation  for  a  time  sufficient  to  erect 
and  equip  the  much-needed  north  book-stack  wing,  which  has 
thus  far  been  omitted  because  of  insufficient  funds. 

LARGER  ADMINISTRATIVE  AND  BOOK-PURCHASING  FUNDS  NEEDED. 

The  failure  of  the  last  legislature  fully  to  meet  our  request 
of  $10,000  per  year  as  a  book-purchasing  fund,  and  the  grant- 
ing of  but  half  that  sum,  was  not  the  result,  we  have  reason  to 
believe,  of  any  lack  of  interest  in  our  work ;  but  the  outcome  of 
the  peculiar  financial  straits  in  which  that  body  found  itself  at 
the  last  session.  It  is  reasonable  to  suppose  that  the  amount 
will  be  increased  in  1903,  to  a  figure  more  befitting  our  needs. 

^o  appeal  was  made  to  the  legislature,  last  winter,  for  an  in- 
crease of  approj)riation  for  administrative  expenses,  although 
such  increase  was  even  then  greatly  needed.  With  the  steady 
growth  of  the  library  and  the  several  other  activities  of  the  so^ 


EXECUTIVE    COMMITTEE.  4I 

ciety,  more  and  more  trained  assistants  are  required  in  every 
department;  provision  has  necessarily  to  be  made  for  the  ad- 
vancement of  those  who  have  been  taken  on  as  apprentices  at 
small  salaries  and  are  working  np  to  a  higher  standard  of  ef- 
ficiency ;  and  the  general  expenses  of  maintenance  will  surely 
grow  with  the  years.  Our  staff  is  already  too  small  for  our 
needs ;  but  until  legislative  relief  is  assured,  it  will  be  imprac- 
ticable to  expand  in  this  direction.  An  addition  of  $2,500 
per  annum  to  our  administrative  appropriation  could  most 
profitably  be  used. 

In  conclusion,  your  committee  beg  to  congratulate  the  society 
upon  the  steady  growth  of  its  collections  despite  insufficient 
funds;  upon  the  very  apparent  yearly  increase  of  its  popular- 
ity ;  and  upon  the  constant  widening  of  its  sphere  of  usefulness 
in  the  field  of  higher  education  for  this  state  and  the  West  at 
large.  The  new  building  has  brought  renewed  strength  and 
opportunity.  The  outlook  for  a  brilliant  future  is  most  promis- 
ing. 

On  behalf  of  the  Executive  Committee, 

Reuben  G.  Tiiwaites, 
Secretary  and  Superintendent. 
4 


42  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 


REPOET  OF  FINANCE  COMMITTEE 

To  the  Executive  Committee,  State  Historical  Society  of 
Wisconsin — Your  finance  committee  have  the  honor  to  sub- 
mit the  annual  report  (which  now  only  embraces  the  disposi- 
tion of  funds  outside  of  the  state  appropriations),  together  with 
the  detailed  report  of  the  treasurer,  Avhich  has  been  examined 
and  approved,  showing  the  resources  under  its  charge  to  be  as 
follows : 

Principal  of  mortgage  loans  on  real  estate         .         .         .     $30,450  00 
The  Draper  homestead    (undervalued)        ....         2,378  14 

The   St.   Paul  lots  taken  on  forecloseure  of  mortgage  of 

Schoonmaker         ........  580  54 

St.  Paul  lots  6  and  7,  block  35,  in  Summit  addition,  taken 
in    settlement    of    mortgage  against    H.  A.  Kingsley 

($1,400.00),    stand    at 1,184  86 

Balance  of  cash  in  hands  of  treasurer         ....         1,385  62 


Total  . $35,979  16 

Which  has  been  apportioned  as  follows : 


To  the  binding  fund 

.     $30,078  38 

To  the  binding  fund  income 

156  57 

To  the  antiquarian  fund 

4,650  43 

To  the  Draper  fund 

360  90 

To  the  general  fund 

732  88 

$35,979  16 

While  the  total  gain  the  past  voar  has  been  only  about 
$1,.500,  equalling  five  per  cent  on  mortgage  loans,  there  have 
been  no  losses  nor  real  estate  t-aken  on  any  loans  since  the  funds, 
sixteen  years  ago,  were  committed  to  the  charge  of  your  finance 
committee.  The  St.  Paul  properties  have  been  acquired 
through  loans  made  prior  to  1884.  It  is  the  purpose  of  your 
committee  to  get  this  real  estate  converted  into  interest-bearing 
securities  at  the  first  favorable  opportunity,  though  possiblv  at 
some  little  loss.  The  so  called  "Draper  fund"  is  kept  distinct 
in  order  to  repay  the  money  borrowed  from  the  binding  fund 


REPORT    OF    FINANCE    COMMITTEE.  43 

to  procure  Mrs.  Draper's  release  of  title  to  the  Draper  home ; 
and  will  be  transferred  to  the  binding  fund  when  its  accumu- 
lation is  sufficient  to  balance  that  account.  Your  attention  is 
called  to  the  fact  of  the  society's  fiscal  annual  accounting  being 
to  December,  while  that  of  the  state  is  to  July,  an  inconvenient 
difference  for  comparative  accounting;  hence  in  future  it  is 
suggested  that  the  treasurer  and  your  committee  render  their 
annual  reports  for  the  year  ending  June  30th. 
Respectfully  submitted, 
.  .  X.  B.  Van  Slyke^ 

J.  H.  Palmek^ 
Halle  Steensland^ 
Geo.  B.  Burrows^  ^ 

W.  A.  P.  Morris. 
D^ember  12,  1901. 


44 


WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 


TREASURER'S  REPORT 


Report  of  the  treasurer  for  the  fiscal  year  ending  November 
30,  1901: 


Binding  Fund  Income  Account. 


The  Treasurer,  Dr. 
1900. 


Dec. 
1901. 
Nov. 


1.     To  balance  unexpended 

30.     To  rent  of  Draper  house     ., 
To  %  annual  dues     . 
To  l^  sale  of  duplicates 
To  y-2  life  membership  fees 
To  interest  apportioned 


The  Treasurer,  Cr. 
1900. 

Nov.  28.     By  Stephenson  &  Studemann,  for  Dra- 
per  house   repairs 


1901. 


Mch.  30. 


June 
July 


Aug.     6. 


Nov. 

2 

Nov. 

5 

Nov. 

30 

1901. 

P^c, 

1. 

By  L.  S.  Hanks,  salary  for  13  mos. 

By  R.  G.  Thwaites,  salary 

By   I.    S.    Bradley,   salary 

By  R.  C.  Nicodemus,  insurance  on 
Draper  house  .... 

By  George  Brumder,  binding     . 

By  Oakey  &  Buser,  Draper  house  re- 
pairs      ...... 

By  Sumner  &  Morris,  Draper  house 
repairs  ..... 

By  taxes,  1900,  Lot  1,  blk.  2,  Bryant's 
Randolph  st.  addition,  St.  Paul 

By  Matson  &  Klein,  Draper  house 

By  register  of  deeds,  3  assignments     . 

By  transferred  to  binding  fund 

By  balance  unexpended 


To  balance  on  hand 


$3  90 


162 

50 

1 

000 

00 

400 

00 

21 

00 

16 

30 

6  50 


7  10 


|2GS  29 


$360  00 

166  50 

90  25 

210  00 

.   1,407  66 

$2,234  41 

$2,502  70 

8  04 

47  38 

•  1  50 

671  91 

156  57 

$2,502  70 

$156  57 


TkfiASURER's   REPORT.  45 

.      _  .      .  ^        -_lt..... 
Binding  Fund. 
The  Treasurer,  Dr. 
1900. 

Dec.     1.     To  balance  ....         $29,406  47 

1901.  i 

Nov.  30.     To  transferred  from  binding  fund  in- 
come account  ....         671  91 

$30,078  3s 


The  Treasurer,  Cr. 

1901. 

Dec.     1.     By  balance $30,078  38 

Antiquarian  Fund  Income  Account. 

The  Treasurer,  Br.  f 

1901. 

Nov.  30.     To  1/^  annual   dues     .... 

To  %  sale  of  duplicates     . 
To  %  life  membership  fees 
To  interest   apportionment 
To  balance  Milwaukee  convention  ex- 
penses    ...... 

$668  95 

The  Treasurer,  Cr. 

1901. 

Nov.  30.     By  transferred  to  antiquarian  fund  .         .  $668  95 

Antiquarian  Fund. 
The  Treasurer,  Br. 
1900. 

Dec.  10.     To  balance $3,981  48 

1901. 

Nov.  30.     To  transferred  from  antiquarian  fund 

income  account       ....         668  95 

$4,650  43 


$166 

50 

90 

25 

210 

00 

194 

16 

8 

04 

The  Treasurer,  Cr. 

1901. 

Dec.     1.     By  balance $4,650  43 

Braper  Fund. 
The  Treasurer,  Br. 
1900. 

Dec.     1.     To  balance $360  90 

The  Treasurer,  Cr. 

1901. 

Nov.  30.     By  balance 360  90 


46  WISCONSIN   HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

General  Fund. 

The  Treasurer,  Dr. 

1900. 

Dec.     1.     To  balance  unexpended       .....  $302  40 

Dec.     5.     To   refunded   for   recording   mortgage  $1  00 

1901. 

Apr.  5.  To  reed,  from  univ.  regents,  balance 
due  on  maintenance  expenses,  for 
quarter   ending   Dec.    31,    1900         .  38  62 

Aug.  9.  To  same,  for  6  mos.  ending  June  30, 
1901 

Nov.     8.     To  same,  for  quarter  ending  Sept.  30 


190  83 

303  69 

534  14 

$836  54 

The  Treasurer,  Cr. 

1901. 

Jan.     2.     By  R.  G.  Thwaites,  drayage         .         .  $3  55 

Jan.  29.  By  R.  G.  Thwaites,  travel  and  sup- 
plies        ...... 

June     1.     By  R.  G.  Thwaites,  miscellaneous 

Aug.  29.  By  R.  G.  Thwaites,  miscellaneous  and 
travel      ...... 

Aug.  29.     By  R.  G.  Thwaites,  travel 

Sept.  27.     By  R.  G.  Thwaites,  travel 

Oct.  15.  By  R.  B.  Smith,  examining  title  of  Am- 
ble property  .... 

Nov.  30.     By  balance  unexpended 

1901. 

Dec.     1.    To  balance   on   hand 

Inventory. 

Real  estate  mortgages  ....         $30,450  00 

Real  estate  owned: 

Draper  homestead,  Madison     .         $2,378  14 
Lot  1,  blk.  2,  Bryant's  Randolph  st. 

addition,  St.  Paul,  Minn.     .  .       580  54 

Lots  6  and  7,  blk.  35,  Summit  Park 
addition,  St.  Paul       .         .         .   1,184  86 

4,143  54 

Cash  in  bank 1,385  62 

$35,979  16 


21  40 

12  03 

43  70 

10  85 

9  63 

2  50 

732  88 

$836  54 

$732  88 

TREASURER  S   REPORT. 


Belonging  as  follows: 
To  binding  fund 
To  antiquarian  fund 
To  general  fund 
To  binding  fund  income 
To  Draper   fund 


$30,078  38 

4,650  43 

732  88 

156  57 

360  90 

$35,979  16 

Respectfully  submitted, 

L.  S.  Hanks,  Treasurer. 


We,  the  undersigned,  members  of  the  auditing  committee  of 
the  State  Plistorical  Society  of  Wisconsin,  respectfully  report 
that  we  have  carefully  examined  the  foregoing  report  of  the 
treasurer,  have  compared  the  entries  in  his  books  with  vouchers, 
have  examined  the  securities  on  hand,  and  the  bank  account  of 
said  treasurer,  and  we  find  that  the  said  report  is  in  all  respects 
full  and  accurate, 

Charles  X.  Brown, 

Arthur  B.  Morris. 
Dated  December  9,  1901. 


Such  accounting  as  pertains  to  the  funds  not  specially  appro- 
priated by  the  state,  the  finance  committee  having  examined, 
hereby  approve. 

X.  B.  Vax  Slyke,  Chairman. 


48  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 


DRAPER  HOUSE  COMMITTEE  REPORT 

To  the  Executive  Committee ^  State  Historical  Society  of  Wis- 
consin— The  special  committee  having  in.  charge  the  property 
known  as  the  Draper  honse,  beg  leave  to  report  that 

The  rental  for  the  year  past  has  been         ....  $360  00 

From   which   has   been   paid   out   for   insurance 

of  dwelling $21  00 

Painting  and  papering       .....  47  38 

Repairs  of  fire  place,  etc.  .         .         .         .  17  50 


Leaving  a  balance  of        .         .         .         .         .         .  $274  12 

The  absolute  necessity  of  an  entirely  new  heating  furnace 
before  another  winter,  will  require  an  outlay  for  the  same  of 
between  $350  and  $400,  in  order  to  make  the  house  comfort- 
able. Though  your  committee  has  been  authorized  to  sell  the 
premises,  it  has  not  been  thought  advisable  to  do  so  unless  for 
such  sum  as  would  net  an  income  more  than  the  present  holding. 
Respectfully  submitted, 

N.  B.  Van  Slyke, 
IIalle  Steensland^ 
Reuben  G.  Tiiwaites. 
December  12,  1901. 


secretary's   fiscal   REPORt.  49 


SECEETARY'S  FISCAL  REPORT 

To  the  Executive  Committee,  State  Historical  Society  of 
Wisconsin — The  state  now  appropriates  to  the  society,  directly, 
$20,000  annually— $15,000  under  sec.  3,  chap.  296^  laws  of 
1899,  and  $5,000  under  sec.  1,  chap.  155,  laws  of  1901.  Dis- 
bursements from  these  a^jproi^riations  are  made  ujx)n  warrant 
of  the  undersigned,  audited  b}^  the  secretary  of  state,  and  paid 
by  the  state  treasurer.  According  to  the  books  of  the  secretary 
of  state,  our  account  with  the  state  stood  as  follows  uix)n  Dec. 
1,  1901: 

Chap.   296,   Laics   of   1S99. 

1900. 
Dec.     1.     Unexpended  balance  of  appropriation         .         .       $1,527  02 
Appropriation  for  calendar  year,  1901         .  .       15,000  00 


$16,527  02 


Disbursements     during    year    ending    Nov.    30, 

1901,  as  per  appended  list        ....       13,534  50 


1901. 
Dec.     1.     Unexpended  balance   in   state  treasury       .         .       $2,992  52 

Chap.   155,   Laws   of  1901. 

Appropriation  for  calendar  year,  1901         .         .       $5,000  00 
Disbursements  through  Nov.  30,  1901,  as  per  ap- 
pended list 2,508  04 


1901. 
Dec.     1.     Unexpended  balance  in  state  treasury  .         .       $2,491  96 


50 


WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 


Orders  drawn  against  State  Treasurer,  in  accordance  with  Sec.  1,  Chap. 
155,  Laws  of  1901. 


Apr. 

29. 

Apr. 

29. 

Apr. 

29. 

Apr. 

29. 

Apr. 

29. 

Apr. 

29. 

Apr. 

29. 

Apr. 

29. 

Apr. 

29. 

Apr. 

29. 

Apr. 

29. 

Apr. 

29. 

Apr. 

29. 

Apr. 

29. 

May 

24. 

May 

24. 

May 

24. 

May 

24. 

May 

24. 

May 

24. 

May  24. 

May 

24. 

May 

24. 

May 

24. 

May 

24. 

May 

24. 

May 

24^ 

May 

24. 

May 

24. 

June 

4. 

June 

4. 

June 

4. 

June 

4. 

June 

4. 

June 

4. 

June 

4. 

June  22. 

June  22. 

June  22. 

June  22. 

June  22. 

Boston  Book  Company,  Boston,  books 

F.  W.  Curtiss,  Madison,  pictures 
Egypt  Exploration  Fund,  Boston,  books 
Johns  Hopkins  Press,  Baltimore,  Md.,  book 

G.  E.  Littlefield,  Boston,  books     . 
J.  Gorton  Miller,  Chester,   111.,  pictures 
W.  H.   Moore,  Brockport,  N.  Y.,  periodical 
Joel  Munsell's  Sons,  Albany,  N.  Y.,  books 
Joel  Munsell's  Sons,  Albany,  N.  Y.,  books 
G.  A.  Ogle  &  Co.,  Chicago,  books 
Sewanee  Review,  Sewanee,  Tenn.,  periodical 
Southern  Hist.  Soc,  Richmond,  Va.,  periodical 
G.  E.  Stechert,  New  York  city,  books 
G.  E.  Stechert,  New  York  city,  books 
A.  L.  A.  Publ.  Board,  Boston,  catalogue  cards 
Helen  B.  P.  Cogswell,  Concord,  N.  H.,  newspapers 
Lucy  S.  Greene,  Topeka,  Kan.,  copying  MSS 
Francis  P.  Harper,  New  York  city,  books 
Julius   Kuhlman,    Philadelphia,    books 
A.  C.  McClurg  &  Co.,  Chicago,  books     . 
A.  C.  McClurg  &  Co.,  Chicago,  books     . 
George  D.  Morse,  Haverhill,  Mass.,  books 
Joel  Munsell's  Sons,  Albany,  N.  Y.,  books 
Munsell  Pub.  Co.,  Chicago,  books 
H.  Sotheran  &  Co.,  London,  Eng.,  books 
G.  E.  Stechert,  New  York  city,  books 
G.  E.  Stechert,  New  York  city,  books 
Transylvania  Co.,  Lexington,  Ky.,  books 
A.  Walsh,  Chicago,  books 
W.  F.  Adams,  Springfield,  Mass.,  books 
J.  H.  W.  Cadby,  New  Haven,  Ct.,  books 
G.  B.  Littlefield,  Boston,  books     . 
Joel  Munsell's  Sons,  Albany,  N.  Y.,  books 
Joel  Munsell's  Sons,  Albany,  N.  Y.,  books 
Joel  Munsell's  Sons,  Albany,  N.  Y.,  books 
Rush  R.  Sloane,  Sandusky,  Ohio,  books 
D.  Appleton  &  Co.,  Chicago,  book 
Century  Pub.  &  Engraving  Co.,  Chicago,  books 
Sylva  Clapin,  Worcester,  Mass.,  books 
Cumulative  Index  Co.,  Cleveland,  Ohio,  books 
William  DeLoss  Love,  Hartford,  Ct.,  manuscripts 


$187  00 

6  00 

7  50 

3  00 
190  77 

4  25 

2  40 

5  00 

5  40 

7  50 

19  00 

3  00 
56  38 

20  57 
27  56 
25  00 

18  75 
22  95 

8  26 

6  49 
268  64 

4  50 
6  30 

6  25 
259  40 

5  20 
20  70 

5  00 
11  50 

7  80 

9  50 
16  65 

19  58 
5  85 

20  03 

5  50 

6  00 
18  50 

9  75 

5  00 

25  00 


SECRETARY  S    FISCAL    REPORT 


51 


June 

22. 

June  22. 

June  22. 

June  22. 

June  22. 

July 

13. 

July  13. 

July 

13. 

July 

13. 

July 

13. 

July  13. 

July 

13. 

July 

13. 

July 

13. 

July 

13. 

July 

13. 

Aug. 

5. 

Aug. 

5. 

Aug. 

5. 

Aug. 

5. 

Aug. 

5. 

Aug. 

5. 

Aug. 

5. 

Aug. 

5. 

Aug. 

5. 

Aug. 

5. 

Aug. 

30. 

Aug. 

30. 

Aug. 

30. 

Aug. 

30. 

Aug.  30. 

Aug. 

30. 

Aug.  30. 

Sep. 

18. 

Sep. 

18. 

Sep. 

18. 

Sep. 

18. 

Sep. 

18. 

Oct. 

3. 

Oct. 

3. 

Oct. 

3. 

Oct. 

3. 

Oct. 

3. 

Oct 

3. 

A.  C.  McClurg  &  Co.,  Chicago,  books 

A.  C.  McClurg  &  Co.,  Chicago,  books 

A.   C.  McClurg  &  Co.,  Chicago,  books 

Joel  Munsell's  Sons,  Albany,  N.  Y.,  books 

A.  Walsji,  Chicago,  books     . 

H.  F.  Andrews,  Exira,  Ohio,  books 

A.  S.  Clark,  New  York  city,  periodicals 

George  W.  Humphrey,  Dedham,  Mass.,  books 

George  E.  Littlefleld,  Boston,  books 

Joel  Munsell's  Sons,  Albany,  N.  Y.,  books 

Joel  Munsell's  Sons,  Albany,   N.  Y.,  books 

C.  A.  Nichols  Co.,  Springfield,  Mass.,  books 

G.  E.  Stechert,  New  York  city,  books 

R.  G.  Thwaites,  secy.,  books  purchased 

A.  Walsh,  Chicago,  books     . 

George  E.  Warner,  Minneapolis,  book 

Boston   Book   Co.,   Boston,   books 

P.  B.  Casgrain,  Quebec,  Canada,  books 

Henry  S.  Dotterer,  Philadelphia,  books 

George  E.  Littlefleld,  Boston,  books     . 

John  H.  McAlarney,  Harrisburg,  Pa.,  books 

A.  C.  McClurg  &  Co.,  Chicago,  books     . 

A.  C.  McClurg  &  Co.,  Chicago,  books     . 

A.  C.  McClurg  &  Co.,  Chicago,  books 

A.  C.  McClurg  &  Co.,  Chicago,  books     . 

Joel  Munsell's  Sons,  Albany,  N.  Y.,  books 

Mrs.  Joseph  Jones,  New  Orleans,  books 

A.  C.  McClurg  &  Co.,  Chicago,  books     . 

Joel  Munsell's  Sons,  Albany,  N.  Y.,  books 

James  O'Neil,  Washington,  D.  C,  book 

I.  D.  Seabrook,  Charleston,  S.  C,  books 

G.  E.  Stechert,  New  York  city,  books 

Samuel  Austen,  Albany,  N.  Y.,  book 

Amer.  Hist.  Assn.,  New  York  city,  publications 

Amer.   Econ.   Assn.,   Ithaca,   N.  Y.,   publications 

E.  R.  Curtiss,  Madison,  pictures 

A.  C.  McClurg  &  Co.,   Chicago,  books 

George  A.  Ogle  &  Co.,  Chicago,  books 

John  W.  Cadby,  Albany,  N.  Y.,  books 

W.  J.  Gallery  &  Co.,  Baltimore,  book 

A.  C.  McClurg  &  Co.,  Chicago,  books 

A.  C.   McClurg  &  Co..   Chicago,  books 

Joel  Munsell's  Sons,  Albany,   N.  Y.,  books 

Joel  Munsell's  Sons,  Albany,  N.  Y.,  books 


57  10 

27  58 
6  85 

8  33 
6  25 

4  00 

6  87 
3  75 

35  78 

7  65 
19  80 

5  00 
136  59 

10  52 

9  25 

2  50 

28  00 
10  00 

3  75 
18  57 

5  00 
7  75 

3  53 
16  47 
46  69 
38  25 
27  00 

4  88 

6  30 

4  00 

6  50 
104  85 

2  50 

3  00 
3  00 

5  00 
22  06 

15  00 

16  50 
2  25 

37  38 
5  30 

7  43 
2  70 


52 


Wisconsin  historical  society. 


Oct.     3.  Henry  Sotheran  &  Co.,  London,  Eng.,  books 

Oct.     3.  A.  Walsh,  Chicago,  books  .... 

Oct.   19.  A.  L.  A.  Publ.  Board,  Boston,  catalogue  cards 

Oct.  19.  Sylva  Clapin,  Montreal,  Canada,  books 

Oct.   19.  Stephen   A.    Hurlbut,   Madison,   books 

Oct.   19.  James  H.  Lamb  Co.,  Boston,  book     . 

Oct.   19.  George  E.  Littlefield,  Boston,  books     , 

Oct.   19.  A.  C.  McClurg  &  Co.,  Chicago,  books 

Oct.   19.  A.  C.  McClurg  &  Co.,  Chicago,  books 

Oct.   19.  A.  C.  McClurg  &  Co.,  Chicago,  books 

Oct.  19.  G.  E.  Stechert,  New  York  city,  books 

Nov.  13.  J.  H.  W.  Cadby,  New  Haven,  Ct.,  books 

Nov.  13.  C.  R.  Green,  Lyndon,  Kansas,  books     . 

Nov.  13.  A.  C.  McClurg  &  Co.,  Chicago,  books    . 

Nov.  13.  A.  C.  McClurg  &  Co.,  Chicago,  books  . 

Nov.  13.  W.  C.  Wyman,  Chicago,  manuscripts,  etc. 


42 

50 

33 

25 

4 

00 

10 

75 

27 

00 

7 

00 

22 

50 

6 

20 

8 

23 

18 

73 

45 

55 

6 

15 

5 

25 

1 

04 

4 

39 

100 

00 

$2,508 

04 

Orders  drawn  against  State  Treasurer,  in  accordance  with  Sec.  .3, 
Chap.  296,  Laws  of  1899. 


1900. 
Nov.  27. 
Nov.  27. 
Nov.  27. 
Nov.  27. 
Nov.  27. 
Dec.  7. 
Dec. 
Dec. 
Dec. 
Dec. 
Dec. 
Dec.  14. 
Dec.  14. 
Dec.  14.^ 
Dec.  14. 
Dec.  14. 
Dec.  19. 
Dec.  19. 
Dec.  19. 
Dec.  19. 
Dec.  19. 


Dane  Co.  Telephone  Co.,  Madison,  telephones 
G.  E.  Littlefield,  Boston,  books     . 
A.  C.  McClurg  &  Co.,  books  and  freight 
Joel  Munsell's  Sons,  Albany,  N.  Y.,  book     . 
G.  E.  Stechert,  New  York  city,  book     . 
Cumulative  Index  Co.,  Cleveland,  Ohio,  books 
Longmans,  Green  &  Co.,  New  York  city,  books 
A.  C.  McClurg  &  Co.,  Chicago,  books  and  freight 
Francis  X.  Reuss,  Philadelphia,  books 
Tillie    Gunkel,    services      .... 
Madison  Gas  &  Electric  Co.,  light  and  power 
Henry  C.  Gerling,    Madison,    drayage 
Blanchard   Harper,  Madison,   pictures 
Prendergast  Library,  Jamestown,  N.  Y.,  books 
W.  H.  Moore,  Brockport,  N.  Y.,  periodicals 
McConnell  &  Son,  Madison,  cleaners'  supplies 
Eric  W.  Allen,  services 
Florence  E.  Baker,  services 
Ellen  D.  Biscoe,  services     . 
Bennie  Butts,  services 
Jean  H.  Cady,  services 


$18 

00 

4 

00 

33 

11 

3 

60 

4 

00 

5 

00 

2 

00 

t      16 

73 

14 

00 

27 

00 

305 

83 

18 

50 

22 

55 

67 

50 

271 

50 

8 

60 

6 

56 

60 

00 

25 

06 

45 

00 

25 

00 

SECRETARY  S    FISCAL   REPORT. 


53 


Dec 

19. 

Dec. 

19. 

Dec. 

19. 

Dec. 

19. 

Dec. 

19. 

Dec. 

19. 

Dec. 

19. 

Dec. 

19. 

Dec. 

19. 

Dec. 

19. 

Dec. 

19. 

Dec. 

19. 

Dec. 

19. 

Dec. 

19. 

Dec. 

19. 

Dec. 

19. 

Dec. 

19. 

Dec. 

19. 

Dec. 

19. 

Dec. 

19. 

Dec. 

19. 

Dec. 

19. 

1901. 

Jan. 

8. 

Jan. 

8. 

Jan. 

8. 

Jan. 

8. 

Jan. 

8. 

Jan. 

8. 

Jan. 

8. 

Jan. 

24. 

Jan. 

24. 

Jan. 

24. 

Jan. 

24. 

Jan. 

24. 

Jan. 

24. 

Jan. 

24. 

Jan. 

24. 

Jan. 

24. 

Jan. 

24. 

Jan. 

24. 

Jan. 

24. 

Jan. 

24. 

Jan. 

24. 

Mary  S.  Foster,  services     . 

Emma  A.  Hawley,  services 

Clarence  S.   Hean,   service's 

Oscar  R.  W.  Hoefer,  services 

Ceylon   C.   Lincoln,   services 

Delbert  R.  Mathews,  services 

Annie  A.  Nunns,  services 

Eve  Parkinson,  services 

Clinton  G.  Price,  services    . 

Georgiana  R.  Sheldon,  services 

Elizabeth  C.  Smith,  services 

Iva  A.  Welsh,  services 

Thomas  Dean,  services 

Donley  Davenport,  services 

Emma  Dietrich,  services 

Tillie  Gunkel,   services 

Charles  Janes,  services 

Emma  Ledwith,  services     . 

Edith  Rudd,  services 

Rogneld   Sather,  services 

Everett  Westbury,  services 

Henry  Sotheran  &  Co.,  London,  Eng.,  books 


City  treasurer.  Madison,  street  improvement  tax 

Joel   Munsell's   Sons,  Albany,  N.  Y.,  books 

G.  A.  Ogle  &  Co.,  Chicago,  books 

Publishers'  "Weekly,  New  York  city,  book     . 

Pierre-Georges  Roy,  Levis,  Canada,  periodical 

City  treasurer,  Madison,  sprinkling  tax 

Madison  Gas  &  Electric  Co.,  light  and  power 

Eric  W.  Allen,  services 

Florence  E.  Baker,  services 

Ellen  D.  Biscoe,  services     . 

Bennie  Butts,  services 

Jean  H.  Cady,  services 

Mary  S.  Foster,  services 

Emma  A.    Hawley,    services 

Clarence   S.   Hean,   services 

Oscar  R.  W.  Hoefer,  services 

Ceylon  C.  Lincoln,  services 

Delbert  R.  Mathews,  services 

Annie   A.    Nunns,    services 

Eve  Parkinson,   services     . 

Clinton  G.  Price,  services     . 


40 

00 

60 

00 

30 

00 

3 

13 

50 

00 

3 

83 

26 

67 

25 

00 

30 

00 

60 

00 

19 

00 

30 

00 

50 

00 

20 

00 

27 

00 

27 

00 

40 

00 

32 

00 

27 

00 

27 

00 

40 

00 

39 

00 

X      95 

65 

11 

70 

7 

50 

10 

00 

2 

00 

19 

80 

158 

88 

9 

19 

60 

00 

26 

00 

45 

00 

25 

00 

40 

00 

60 

00 

30 

00 

7 

91 

50 

00 

5 

89 

26 

66 

25 

00 

30 

00 

54 


WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 


Jan.  24. 
Jan.  24. 
Jan.  24. 
Jan.  24. 
Jan.  24. 
Jan.  24. 
Jan.  24, 
Jan.  24. 
Jan.  24. 
Jan.  24. 
Jan.  24. 
Jan.  24. 
Jan.  24. 
Jan.  24. 
Jan.  24. 
Jan.  24. 
Jan.  24. 
Jan.  24. 
Jan.  24. 
Jan.  24. 
Jan.  24. 
Jan.  29. 
Jan.  29. 
Jan.  29. 
Jan.  29. 
Jan.  29. 
Jan.  29. 
Feb.     9. 


Feb. 
Feb. 
Feb. 
Feb. 
Feb. 
Feb. 
Feb. 
Feb.  20. 
Feb.  20. 
Feb.  20. 
Feb.  20. 
Feb.  20. 
Feb.  20. 
Feb.  20. 
Feb.  26. 
Feb.  26. 


Elizabeth  C.  Smith,  services 

Iva  A.  Welsh,  services 

Donley  C.  Davenport,  s6rvices 

Thomas   Dean,   services 

Emma  Dietrich,  services 

Tillie  Gunkel,  services 

Charles  Janes,  services 

Emma  Ledwith,  services 

Edith    Rudd,    services 

Rogneld  Sather,  services 

Carrie  Schroeder,  services 

Everett  Westbury,  services 

Amer.  Library  Assn.,  Salem,  Mass.,  publications 

Arch.   Institute  of  America    (Wis.    soc),    pubs 

W.  B.  Conkey  Co.,  Chicago,  books 

G.  P.  Humphrey,  Rochester,  N.  Y.,  books 

Mass.  Soc.  Mayflower  Descendants,  Boston,  pubs 

W.  H.  Moore,  Brockport,  N.  Y.,  periodicals 

So.  History  Assn.,  Washington,  D.  C,  books 

G.  E.  Warner,  Minneapolis,  books 

R.  G.  Thwaites,  miscellaneous  expense^. 

F.  W.  Arthur,  Madison,  services 
John  W.  Congdon,  Toronto,  Canada,  books 
N.  W.  Evans,  Portsmouth,  Ohio,  book 
A.  C.  McClurg  &  Co.,  Chicago,  books  and  freight 
A.  C.  McClurg  &  Co.,  Chicago,  books     . 

G.  E.  Stechert,  New  York  city,  books 
E.  R.  Curtiss,  Madison,  pictures 
Raleigh  T.  Green,  Culpeper,  Va.,  book 
Joel  Munsell's   Sons,  Albany,   N.  Y.,  books 
G.  E.  Warner,  Minneapolis,  books 
James  T.  White  &  Co.,  New  York  city,  book 
H.  W.  Wilson,  Minneapolis,  book 
Madison  Gas  &  Electric  Co.,  light  and  power 
Wisconsin  Telephone  Co.,  Madison,  telephones 
Crane  &  Co.,  Topeka,  Kansas,  book     . 
J.  K.  Hosmer,  Minneapolis,  book 
Hunter  &  Co.,  New  York  city,  book     . 
A.  C.  McClurg  &  Co.,  Chicago,  books     . 
A.  C.  McClurg  &  Co.,  Chicago,  books 
Henry  Sotheran  &  Co.,  London,  Eng.,  books 
G.  E.  Stechert,  New  York  city,  books 
Eric  W.  Allen,  services 
Florence  E.  Baker,  services 


25  00 
30  00 
20  50 
50  00 
27  50 
27  00 
50  00 

35  50 
16  00 
27  00 
14  00 
40  00 

4  00 
10  00 

3  25 

4  00 

5  00 
4  55 

3  00 

36  50 

14  47 
8  00 

4  80 
10  00 
10  79 
56  10 

15  10 

4  00 

5  00 
20  25 

6  00 
8  00 

10  00 
155  16 

6  70 

1  00 
3  25 

2  80 
23  12 
14  51 
53  50 

11  94 
8  31 

60  00 


SECRETARY  S    FISCAL    REPORT. 


55 


Feb.  26. 
Feb.  26. 
Feb.  26. 
Feb.  26. 
Feb.  26. 
Feb.  26. 
Feb.  26. 
Feb.  26. 
Feb.  26. 
Feb.  26. 
Feb.  26. 
Feb.  26. 
Feb.  26. 
Feb.  26. 
Feb.  26. 
Feb.  26. 
Feb.  26. 
Feb.  26. 
Feb.  26. 
Feb.  26. 
Feb.  26. 
Feb.  26. 
Feb.  26. 
Feb.  26. 
Feb.  26. 
Mch.  6. 
Mch.  6. 
Mch.  6. 
Mch.  6. 
Mch.  6. 
Mch. 
Mch. 
Mch. 
Mch. 
Mch. 
Mch.  6. 
Mch.  6. 
Mch.  6. 
Mch.  19. 
Mch.  19. 
Mch.  19. 
Mch.  19. 
Mch.  19. 
Mch.  19. 


Ellen  D.  Biscoe,  services 

Bennie  Butts,  services 

Jean  H.  Cady,  services 

Mary  S.  Foster,  services 

Emma  Gattiker,  services 

Emma  A.  Hawley,  services 

Clarence  S.    Hean,  services 

Oscar  R.  W.  Hoefer,  services 

Ceylon  C.  Lincoln,  services 

Delbert  R.  Mathews,  services 

Annie  A.  Nunns,  services     . 

Eve  Parkinson,   services     . 

Clinton  G.  Price,  services    . 

Elizabeth  C.  Smith,  services 

Iva  A.  Welsh,  services 

Donley  Davenport,  services 

Thomas  Dean,  services 

Emma  Dietrich,  services     , 

Tillie  Gunkel,  services 

Charles  Janes,  services 

Emma  Ledwith,  services     . 

Edith    Rudd,    services 

Rogneld  Sather,  services     . 

Everett  Westbury,    services 

Joseph  Malec,  services 

Amer.  Antiq.   Soc,  Worcester,  Mass.,  book 

C.  N.  Caspar  Co.,  Milwaukee,  books     . 

Emil  Mannhardt,  Chicago,  periodical 

Johns  Hopkins  Press,  Balto.,  Md.,  book 

Linscott  Pub.  Co.,  Toronto,  Canada,  book 

Joel  Munsell's  Sons,  Albany,  N.  Y.,  books 

Raoul  Renault,  Quebec,  Canada,  books 

Ellis  B.  Usher,  La  Crosse,  books 

R.  G.  Thwaites,  secy,   and  supt.,  misc.  expenses 

City  treasurer,  Madison,  water  tax  to  July  1 

Dane  Co.  Telephone  Co.,  Madison,  telephones 

Madison  Gas  &  Electric  Co.,  light  and  power 

R.  G.  Thwaites,  supt.,  misc.  expenses 

I.  S.  Bradley,  librarian,  misc.  supplies 

C,  M.  &  St.  P.  Ry.  Co.,  Madison,  freight 

Frank  R.  Diffenderffer,  Lancaster,  Pa.,  book 

Egypt  Exploration  Fund,  Boston,  books     . 

Egypt  Exploration  Fund,  Boston,  books 

Morris  P.  Ferris,  New  York  city,  book 


27  60 
45  00 

25  00 
40  00 
30  00 
60  00 
30  00 

7  65 
50  00 

4  95 

26  66 
25  00 
30  00 
25  00 
30  00 
20  00 
50  00 
25  50 

27  00 
45  00 
35  00 
27  00 
27  00 
40  00 

9  75 

2  50 
7  50 

3  00 

2  40 
7  00 

6  30 

7  86 
10  00 

9  90 
25  66 
18  00 
135  60 
32  47 
13  45 

1  75 

3  00 
10  00 

5  00 
5  20 


56 


WISCONSIN   HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 


Mch.  19. 
Mch.  19. 
Mch.  19. 
Mch.  19. 
Mch.  19. 
Mch.  19. 
Mch.  19. 
Mch.  29. 
Mch.  29. 
Mch.  29. 
Mch.  29. 
Mch.  29. 
Mch.  29. 
Mch.  29. 
Mch.  29. 
Mch.  29. 
Mch.  29. 
Mch.  29. 
Mch.  29. 
Mch.  29. 
Mch.  29. 
Mch.  29. 
Apr.  30. 
Apr.  30. 
Mch.  29. 
Mch.  29. 
Mch.  29. 
Mch.  29. 
Mch.  29. 
Mch.  29. 
Mch.  29. 
Mch.  29. 
Mch.  29. 
Mch.  29. 
Mch.  29: 
Mch.  29. 
Apr.  9. 
Apr. 
Apr. 
Apr. 
Apr. 
Apr. 
Apr. 


9. 

9. 

9. 

9. 
30. 
30. 


Apr.  30. 


Henry  C.  Gerling,  Madison,  drayage 

A.  C.  McClurg  &  Co.,  Chicago,  books 

A.  C.  McClurg  &  Co.,  Chicago,  freight 

W.  H.  Moore,  Brockport,  N.  Y.,  periodicals 

Joel  Munsell's  Sons,  Albany,  N.  Y.,  books 

G.  E.  Stechert,  New  York  city,  books 

New  York   Store,   Madison,   supplies 

Eric  W.  Allen,  services 

Florence  E.  Baker,   services 

Ellen  D.  Biscoe,  services 

Bennie  Butts,  services 

Jean  H.  Cady,  services 

Mary  S.  Foster,  services 

Emma  Gattiker,   services 

Emma  A.  Hawley,  services 

Clarence  S.  Hean,  services 

Oscar  R.  W.  Hoefer,  services 

Ceylon  C.  Lincoln,  services 

Delbert  R.  Mathews,  services 

Annie  A.  Nunns,  services 

Eve  Parkinson,  services 

Clinton   G.   Price,   services 

Elizabeth  C.  Smith,  services 

Iva  A.  Welsh,  services 

Donley  Davenport,  services 

Thomas  Dean,  services 

Emma  Dietrich,  services     . 

Charles  Janes,  services 

Emma  Ledwith,   services 

Edith  Rudd,  services 

Rogneld  Sather,  services     . 

Everett  Westbury,  services 

A.  C.  McClurg  &  Co.,  Chicago,  books 

Mason  Pub.  &  Ptg.  Co.,  Syracuse,  N.  Y.,  books 

R.  G.  Thwaites,  secy.,  traveling  expenses 

G.  E.  Warner,  Minneapolis,  books 

Jewish   Pub.   Soc.   of   Amer.,   Phila.,   books 

Albert  S.  Ludlow,  Waukesha,  books 

Tillie   Gunkel,   services       .... 

R.  G.   Thwaites,  supt.,  misc.   expenses 

Madison  Gas  &  Electric  Co.,  light  and  power 

Eric  W.  Allen,  services        .... 

Florence  E.  Baker,  services 

Ellen   D.   Biscoe,   services  ... 


6 

50 

8 

73 

4 

50 

4 

20 

12 

40 

18 

61 

7 

19 

9 

94 

60 

00 

31 

20 

45 

00 

25 

00 

40 

00 

30 

00 

60 

00 

30 

00 

14 

55 

50 

00 

5 

55 

26 

67 

30 

00 

30 

00 

25 

00 

30 

00 

20 

00 

50 

00 

27 

00 

40 

00 

35 

00 

27 

00 

27 

00 

40 

00 

10 

06 

106 

00 

96 

91 

10 

00 

5 

00 

2 

50 

27 

00 

14 

72 

118 

20 

8 

31 

60 

00 

31 

20 

SECRETARY  S    FISCAL   REPORT. 


57 


Apr.  30.     Bennie   Butts,   services 

Apr.  30.     Jean  H.  Cady,  services 

Apr.  30.     Mary  S.  Foster,  services     . 

Apr.  30.     Emma  Gattiker,  services     . 

Apr.  30.     Emma  A.  Hawley,  services 

Apr.  30.  Clarence  S.  Hean,  services 

Apr.  30.  Oscar  R.  W.  Hoefer,  services 

Apr.  30.  Ceylon  C.  Lincoln,  services 

Apr.  30.  Delbert  R.  Mathews,  services 

Apr.  30.  Annie  A.   Nunns,  services 

Apr.  30.  Eve  Parkinson,  services 

Apr.  30.  Clinton  G.  Price,   services 

Apr.  30.  Elizabeth  C.  Smith,  services 

Apr.  30.  Iva  A.  Welsh,  services 

Apr.  30.  Donley  Davenport,  services 

Apr.  30.  Thomas   Dean,   services 

Apr.  30.  Emma  Dietrich,  services 

Apr.  30.  Tillie   Gunkel,   services 

Apr.  30.  Charles  Janes,  services 

Apr.  30.  Emma  Ledwith,  services 

Apr.  30.  Edith  Rudd,  services 

Apr.  30.  Rogneld   Sather,  services 

Apr.  30.  Everett  Westbury,   services 

Apr.  30.  Dane  Co.  Telephone  Co.,  Madison,  telephones 

Apr.  30.  Holcomb  &  Hoke  Mfg.  Co.,  Sullivan,  Ind.,  clean 

ers'  supplies 

Apr.  30.  McConnell  &  Son,  Madison,  cleaners'  supplies 

Apr.  30.  Madison  Gas  &  Electric  Co.,  light  and  power 

Apr.  30.  A.  C.  McClurg  &  Co.,  Chicago,  supplies     . 

Apr.  30.  A.  C.  McClurg  &  Co.,  Chicago,  freight 

May  27.  Eric  W.  Allen,  services 

May  27.  Florence  E.  Baker,  services 

May  27.  Bennie  Butts,  services 

May  27.  Mary  S.  Foster,  services 

May  27.  Emma  Gattiker,  services     . 

May  27.  Emma  A.  Hawley,  services 

May  27.  Clarence   S.    Hean,   services 

May  27.  Oscar  R.  W.  Hoefer,  services 

May  37.  Ceylon  C.  Lincoln,  services 

May  27.  Delbert  R.  Mathews,  services  ' 

May  27.  Annie  A.   Nunns,  services 

May  27.  Clinton   G.   Price,   services 

May  27.  Elizabeth  C.  Smith,  services 

May  27.  Iva  A.  Welsh,  services 
5 


45 

00 

25 

00 

40 

00 

30 

00 

60 

00 

30 

00 

12 

15 

50 

00 

3 

60 

26 

66 

30 

00 

30 

00 

25 

00 

30 

00 

20 

00 

50 

00 

27 

00 

24 

50 

51 

00 

35 

00 

27 

00 

27 

00 

40 

00 

18 

00 

6 

00 

13 

00 

102 

00 

15 

00 

21 

00 

9 

63 

60 

00 

45 

00 

40 

00 

30 

00 

60 

00 

30 

00 

16 

20 

50 

00 

4 

80 

26 

66 

30 

00 

25 

00 

30  00 

58 


WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 


May  27.  Donley  C.  Davenport,  services 

May  27.  Thomas  Dean,  services 

May  27.  Emma   Dietrich,  services 

May  27.  Tillie  Gunkel,  services 

May  27.  Emma  Ledwith,  services 

May  27.  Edith  Rudd,  services 

May  27.  Rogneld   Sather,  services 

May  27.  Everett  Westbury,  services 

May  27.  Joseph  Malec,  services 

May  27.  Madison  Gas  &  Electric  Co.,  light  and  powei 

May  27.  R.  G.  Thwaites,  supt.,  labor  and  supplies 

June  15.  Eric  W.  Allen,  services 

June  15.  Jean  H.  Cady,  services         .         . 

June  15.  Oscar  R.  W.  Hoefer,  services 

June  15.  C.  &  N.  W.  Ry.  Co.,  Madison,  freight 

June  15.  R.   G.   Thwaites,   supt.,  labor  and   supplies 

June  25.  Florence  E.  Baker,  services 

June  25.  Bennie  Butts,  services 

June  25.  Jean  H.  Cady,  services 

June  25.  Mary  S.  Foster,  services 

June  25.  Emma  Gattiker,  services 

June  25.  Emma  A.  Hawley,  services 

June  25.  Clarence   S.   Hean,   services 

June  25.  Frances  S.  C.  James,  services 

June  25.  '  Ceylon  C.  Lincoln,  services 

June  25.  Frances  B.  Marshall,  services 

June  25.  Annie  A.   Nunns,  services 

June  25.  Eve  Parkinson,  services 

June  25.  Clinton  G.  Price,  services 

June  25.  Elizabeth  C.  Smith,  services 

June  25.  Iva  A.  Welsh,  services 

June  25.  Donley  C.  Davenport,  services 

June  25.  Thomas  Dean,  services 

June  25.  Tillie  Gunkel,  services 

June  25.  Emma  Ledwith,  services 

June  25.  Edith  Rudd,  services 

June  25.  Rogneld  Sather,  services  • 

June  25.  Everett  Westbury,  services 

June  25.  Joseph  Malec,  services 

June  25.  Madison  Gas  &  Electric  Co.,  light  and  power 

June  25.  R.  G.  Thwaites,  secy.,  drayage,  travel,  etc. 

July  13.  Emma  Dietrich,  services     .... 

July  13.  Ida  Dunn,  services      ..... 

July  26.  I.  S.  Bradley,  librarian,  traveling  expenses 


20  00 
50  00 
27  00 
27  00 
35  00 
27  00 
27  00 
45  00 
37  50 
114  60 
27  06 

4  38 
25  00 

8  10 
20  00 

8  36 
60  00 
45  00 

25  00 
40  00 
35  00 
60  00 
30  00 
32  80 
50  00 

11  40 

26  67 
40  10 
30  00 
25  00 
25  00 
20  00 
50  00 

27  00 
35  00 
27  00 
27  00 
45  00 
19  50 
76  20 
13  81 

8  00 

12  00 
17  25 


SECRETARY  S    FISCAL    REPORT. 


59 


July  26.  Democrat  Printing  Co.,   Madison,   printing 

July  26.  Henry  C.  Gerling,  Madison,  drayage     . 

July  26.  City  treasurer,  water  tax  to  Jan.  1,  1902 

July  26.  Dane  Co.  Telephone  Co.,  Madison,  telephones 

July  2j6.  E.   Sumner   &   Son,   Madison,   cleadiers'   supplies 

July  26.  R.  G.  Thwaites,  supt.,  labor  and  misc.  expenses 

July  26.  Florence  E.  Baker,  services 

July  26.  Bennie  Butts,  services 

July  26.  Mary  S.  Foster,  services 

July  26.  Emma  Gattiker,  services     . 

July  26.  Emma  A.  Hawley,  services 

July  26.  William  E.  Grove,  services 

July  26.  Clarence  S.  Hean,  services 

July  26.  Frances  S.  C.  James,  services 

July  26.  Ceylon  C.  Lincoln,  services 

July  26.  Frances  B.  Marshall,  services 

July  26.  Annie  A.   Nunns,   services 

July  26.  Eve  Parkinson,  services 

July  26.  Clinton  G.  Price,  services 

July  26.  Elizabeth  C.  Smith,  services 

July  26.  Donley  Davenport,   services 

July  26.  Thomas  Dean,  services 

July  26.  Emma    Dietrich,    services 

July  26.  Tillie  Gunkel,  services 

July  26.  Emma  Ledwith,  services 

July  26.  Edith  Rudd,  services 

July  26.  Rogneld    Sather,   services 

July  26.  Everett  Westbury,  services 

July  26.  Charles  Kehoe,  services 

Aug.  27.  Bennie  Butts,  services 

Aug.  27.  Mary  S.  Foster,  services 

Aug.  27.  Emma  Gattiker,  services 

Aug.  27.  William  E.  Grove,  services 

Aug.  27.  Emma  A.  Hawley,  services 

Aug.  27.  Clarence  S.  Hean,  services 

Aug.  27.  Frances  S.   C.   James,   services 

Aug.  27.  Ceylon  C.  Lincoln,  services 

Aug.  27.  Frances  B.  Marshall,  services 

Aug.  27.  Annie  A.  Nunns,  services 

Aug.  27.  Eve  Parkinson,  services 

Aug.  27.  Iva  A.  Welsh,  services 

Aug.  27.  Donley  Davenport,  services 

Aug.  27.  Thomas  Dean,  services 

Aug.  27.  Emma  Dietrich,  services 


73  65 

9  25 

10  13 

18  00 

26  60 
16  40 
60  00 
45  00 
40  00 
35  00 
GO  00 
30  00 
30  00 

27  60 
50  00 
25  00 
35  00 

6  00 
30  00 
25  00 
20  00 
50  00 
27  00 
27  00 
35  00 
27  00 
27  00 
45  00 

7  95 
45  00 
40  00 
35  00 
25  00 
60  00 
30  00 
37  00 
50  00 
25  00 
35  00 
30  00 
60  00 
20  00 
50  00 
27  00 


6o 


WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 


Aug.  27.     Emma  Ledwith,  services 

Aug.  27.     Edith  Rudd,  services 

Aug.  27.     Rogneld  Satlier,  services 

Aug.  27.     Carrie  Schroeder,  services 

Aug.  27.     Everett  Westbury,  services 

Aug.  27.     Charles  Kehce,  services 

Aug.  27.     Madison  Gas  &  Electric  Co.,  light  and  power 

Aug.  27.     Madison  Gas  &  Electric  Co.,  light  and  power 

Aug.  27.     Sanitary  Paper  Co.,  Milwaukee,  supplies 

Sep.    24.  Florence  E.  Baker,  services 

Sep.    24.     Bennie   Butts,  services 

Sep.    24.  Mary  S.  Foster,  services    . 

Sep.    24.  Emma  Gattiker,  services 

Sep.    24.  William  E.  Grove,  services 

Sep.    24.  Emma  A.  Hawley,  services 

Sep.    24.  Clarence  S.  Hean,  services 

Sep.    24.  Frances  S.  C.  James,  services 

Sep.    24.  Ceylon  C.  Lincoln,  services* 

Sep.    24.  Frances  B.  Marshall,  services 

Sep.    24.  Annie  A.   Nunns,  services 

Sep.    24.  Eve  Parkinson,  services 

Sep.    24.  Elizabeth  C.  Smith,  services 

Sep.    24.  Iva  A.  Welsh,  services 

Sep.    24.  Donley  Davenport,  services 

Sep.    24.  Thomas  Dean,  services 

Sep.    24.  Emma  Dietrich,  services 

Sep.    24.  Tillie  Gunkel,  services 

Sep.    24.  Emma  Ledwith,  services 

Sep.    24.  Edith  Rudd,  services 

Sep.    24.  Rogneld  Sather,  services 

Sep.    24.  Everett  Westbury,  services 

Sep.    24.  Charles  Kehoe,  services 

Sep.    24.  Hugo  Matzke,   services 

Oct.      5.  New  York  Store,  Madison,  cleaners'  supplies 

Oct.      5.  Madison  Gas  &  Electric  Co.,  light  and  power 

Oct.      5.  R.  G.  Thwaites,  supt,  labor  and  misc.  supplies 

Oct.    28.  Florence  E.  Baker,  services 

Oct.    28.  Bennie  Butts,  services 

Oct.    28.  Mary  S.  Foster,  services 

Oct.    28.  Emma  Gattiker,  services 

Oct.    28.  William  E.  Grove,  services 

Oct.    28.  Emma  A.  Hawley,  services 

Oct.    28.  Clarence  S.  Hean,  services 

Oct.    28.  Frances  S.  C.  James,  services 


35 

00 

27 

00 

27 

00 

27 

00 

45 

00 

25 

65 

25 

20 

23 

70 

53 

90 

120 

00 

45 

00 

45 

00 

40 

00 

21 

00 

60 

00 

30 

00 

25 

00 

50 

00 

25 

00 

35 

00 

35 

00 

55 

00 

35 

00 

20 

00 

50 

00 

27 

00 

27 

00 

35 

00 

27 

00 

27 

00 

45 

00 

16 

50 

6 

75 

6 

45 

19 

80 

s       8 

27 

60 

00 

45 

00 

45 

00 

40 

00 

18 

00 

60 

00 

30 

00 

28 

80 

SECRETARY  S    FISCAL    REPORT. 


6i 


Oct. 

28. 

Oct. 

28. 

Oct. 

28. 

Oct. 

28. 

Oct. 

28. 

Oct. 

28. 

Oct. 

28. 

Oct. 

28. 

Oct. 

28. 

Oct. 

28. 

Oct. 

28. 

Oct. 

28. 

Oct. 

28. 

Oct. 

28. 

Oct. 

28. 

Oct. 

29. 

Oct. 

2^. 

Oct. 

29. 

Oct. 

29. 

Oct. 

29. 

Nov. 

25. 

Nov. 

25. 

Nov. 

25. 

Nov. 

25. 

Nov. 

25. 

Nov. 

26. 

Nov. 

26. 

Nov. 

26. 

Nov. 

26. 

Nov. 

26. 

Nov. 

26. 

Nov. 

26. 

Nov. 

26. 

Nov. 

26. 

Nov. 

26. 

Nov. 

26. 

Nov. 

26. 

Nov. 

26. 

Nov. 

26. 

Nov. 

26. 

Nov. 

26. 

Nov. 

26. 

Nov. 

26. 

Nov. 

26. 

Annie  A.  Nunns,  services 
Eve  Parkinson,  services 
Delbert   R.   Matliews,   services 
Elizabeth  C.  Smith,  services 
Iva  A.  Welsh,  services 
Donley  Davenport,  services 
Thomas  Dean,  services 
Emma   Dietrich,  services 
Tillie  Gunkel,  services 
Emma  Ledwith,  services 
Edith  Rudd,  services 
Fred  E.  Rudd,  services 
Rogneld  Sather,  services 
Everett   Westbury,   services 
G.  L.  White,  services 
C.  &  N.  W.  Ry.  Co.,  Madison,  freight 
Dane  Co.  Telephone  Co.,  Madison,  telephones 
R.  G.  Thwaites,  supt.,  labor 
James  A.   Robertson,   services 
R.  G.  Thwaites,  secy.,  traveling  exp.  &  drayage 
C.  &  N.  W.  Ry.  Co.,  Madison,  freight 
A.  C.  McClurg  &  Co.,  Chicago,  supplies 
Madison  Gas  &  Electric  Co.,  light  and  power 
Madison  Gas  &  Electric  Co.,  light  and  power 
McConnell  &  Son,  Madison,  cleaners'  supplies 
Florence  E.  Baker,  services 
Emma  H.  Blair,  services 
Bennie  Butts,  services 
Mary  S.  Foster,  services 
Emma  Gattiker,  services 
William  E.  Grove,  services 
Emma  A.  Kawley,  services 
Clarence   S.   Hean,  services 
-Frances  S.  C.  James,  services 
Louise  P.  Kellogg,  services 
Ceylon  C.  Lincoln,  services 
Frances  B.  Marshall,  services 
Delbert  R.  Mathews,  services 
Annie  A.  Nunns,  services     . 
Eve  Parkinson,  services     . 
Elizabeth  C.  Smith,  services 
Iva  A.  Welsh,  services 
Donley  Davenport,  services 
Thomas  Dean,  services 


35 

00 

35 

00 

9 

00 

30 

00 

35 

00 

20 

00 

50 

00 

14 

00 

27 

00 

35 

00 

27 

00 

4 

50 

27 

00 

45 

00 

6 

00 

6 

32 

18 

00 

14 

56 

20 

00 

;e      82 

67 

7 

53 

6 

65 

119 

10 

160 

50 

9 

96 

60 

00 

60 

00 

45 

00 

45 

00 

40 

00 

21 

00 

60 

00 

30 

00 

23 

60 

50 

00 

50 

00 

18 

00 

9 

00 

35 

00 

35 

00 

30 

00 

35 

00 

20 

00 

50 

00 

6^ 


Wisconsin  historical  society. 


Nov.  26.  Tillie  Gunkel,  services 

Nov.  26.  Charles  Kehoe,  services 

Nov.  26.  Emma  Ledwith,  services 

Nov.  26.  Edith  Rudd,  services 

Nov.  26.  Rogneld  Sather,  services 

Nov.  26.  Carrie  Schroeder,  services 

Nov.  26.  Everett  Westbury,  services 


27  00 

17 

50 

35 

00 

27 

00 

27 

00 

27 

00 

45 

00 

$13 

534 

50 

kEPORT   OF   AUXILIARY    SOCIETY.  63 


EEPORT  OF  GKEEN  BAY  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY 

The  history  of  the  second  year  of  the  Green  Bay  Historical 
Society's  existence,  though  brief,  is  nevertheless  interesting. 
Regular  meetings  have  been  held,  and  the  attendance  has  been 
good.  Twenty-six  new  members  have  increased  the  total  mem- 
bership to  125.  Interest  in  the  work  of  the  society  is  con- 
stantly increasing. 

On  August  31st,  1900,  the  first  annual  pilgrimage  under- 
taken by  the  society  was  made  by  boat  to  Kaukauna.  On  arri- 
val there,  the  party  were  met  by  a  committee  headed  by  Dr. 
and  ]\trs.  H.  B.  Taimer,  by  whorn^  ihey  were  conducted  about 
the  city  and  shown  the  historic  places  in  the  vicinity.  The 
Grignon  homestead,  with  its  old-fashioned  furnishings  and 
many  relics  of  early  pioneer  life,  was  thrown  open  to  us.  A 
call  was  also  made  on  Mrs.  George  Lawe,  one  of  the  pioneers 
of  tlie  place.  After  a  drive  about  the  city,  a  stoj)  was  made  at 
Dr.  Tanner's  office  to  inspect  his  valuable  collection  of  manu- 
scripts and  relics.  The  return  trip  was  made  in  the  evening, 
all  reporting  a  very  pleasant  pilgrimage. 

At  the  meeting  on  Deeem'ber  3d,  these  pa^xn's  were  presented, 
followed  by  a  general  discussion : 

Report  of  Pilgrimage  to  Kaukauna — B.  L,  Parker. 
Early  Recollections  of  the  Northwest — Mrs.  Mary  Mitchell,  read  by 
Mrs.  George  Field. 

The  John  Lawe  Residence  in  Green  ;pay — David  H.  Grignon. 

At  the  meeting  on  March  4,  1001,  the  following  papers  were 
read  and  discussed : 

The  Old  House  on  Main  Street,  formerly  occupied  by  J.  C.  Neville 
and  family — Miss  Sophia  Neville. 

Early  Recollections  of  the  Northwest — Mrs.  Mary  Mitchell,  read  by 
Mrs.  George  Field. 

Reminiscences  by  Mrs.  Henry  S.  Baird,  read  by  Mrs.  Carlton  Mer- 
rill. 

The  Mill  built  by  John  Lawe  on  East  River— A.  C.  Neville. 


64  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

During  the  jear,  H.  P.  Cady  of  De  Pere  presented  to  the 
society  the  docket  kept  by  George  McWilliams  while  justice  of 
the  peace  for  Brown  county  in  1841-43;  and  Manfred  Jacobi 
gave  a  bound  copy  of  the  Green  Bay  Post  and  Green  Bay  Ban- 
ner, two  German  newspapers  published  here  in  1858-59. 

I>eath  has  again  come  into  our  ranks,  claiming  two  of  our 
best-known  and  most  earnest  workers— Miss  Anna  McDonnell 
and  W.  J.  Abrams.  Suitable  resolutions  recording  their 
deaths  have  been  spread  on  the  records  of  the  society. 

All  of  the  papers,  biographical  sketches,  resolutions,  etc.,  pre- 
sented to  the  society,  have  been  carefully  typewritten  on  paper 
of  uniform  size;  and  enough  matter  will  soon  have  been  col- 
lected in  this  way  to  warrant  its  being  bound  and  so  preserved 
in  book  form.  It  is  hoped  that  ultimately  all  such  matter  may 
he  printed,  and  distributed  to  members  and  others  interested. 

The  annual  pilgrimage  of  the  society,  this  year  to  Menasha 
and  I^eenah,  was  made  on  August  23d,  1001.  A  merrj^  party, 
numbering  about  eighty  persons — including  Mr.  Thwaites,  rep- 
resenting the  State  Historical  Society,  and  citizens  of  De  Pere 
and  Kaukanna — made  the  trip  by  boat.  A  delightful  summer 
day,  the  diversified  scenery  along  the  banks  of  the  Fox,  the 
fields  rich  with  ripening  grain,  the  woods  slightly  tinged  with 
the  brilliant  colors  of  autumn — all  these  added  to  the  beauty 
of  an  always  delightful  trip. 

At  Menasha  an  elaborate  entertainment  was  planned  for  us. 
The  ladies  received  our  party  at  the  Woman's  Club  rooms,  in 
the  beautiful  Smith  library  building,  and  considerable  time 
was  spent  in  inspecting  the  library  and  museum.  Convey- 
ances were  then  provided  for  the  entire  party,  and  various 
places  of  historic  interest  were  visited  and  described  by  com- 
petent guides.  The  necessity  of  getting  an  early  start  for  home, 
prevented  a  complete  inspection  of  all  of  the  historic  places  in 
and  about  Menasha ;  but,  though  our  stay  was  short,  it  was  full 
of  interest  and  value,  as  well  as  of  pleasure  to  all. 

A  beautiful  moonlight  evening  fittingly  rounded  out  a  per- 
fect day,  and  gave  to  the  return  trip  added  beauty  and  inter- 
est. Not  even  a  midnight  home-coming  was  considered  a  draw- 
back to  an  expedition  otherwise  devoid  of  objectionable  fea- 


REPORT   OF   AUXILIARY   SOCIETY.  65 

tures.  The  hope  was  expi^essed  by  all,  that  another  trip  might 
be  made  to  Menasha  and  I^^eenah  in  the  near  future,  to  renew 
the  pleasant  acquaintances  made  this  year,  and  to  complete  the 
historical  work  necessarily  left  unfinished. 

During  the  ensuing  ^ear,  much  interesting  and  valuable 
work  is  planned.  The  building  of  the  new  Carnegie  library 
building  in  this  city  will  afford  a  safe  place  for  the  preserva- 
tion of  relics,  valuable  documents,  etc.,  and  it  is  expected  that  a 
greater  interest  in  the  collection  of  such  historical  material  will 
result. 

While  the  society's  work  in  the  past  has  been  modest  and . 
not  of  particular  note,  it  has,  nevertheless,  been  sincere  and  of 
much  value  locally.  It  is  hoped  and  believed  that  the  interest 
lieretofore  evinced  will  not  abate;  but  on  the.contrary  will  con- 
tinue and  increase  until  the  many  historic  places  and  events 
connected  with  our  history  have  been  carefully  examined,  lo- 
cated, and  recorded  for  future  reference  and  study.  Each 
member  should  constitute  himself  or  herself  a  committee  of  one 
to  note  and  preserve  all  historic  facts,  and  the  changes  that 
come  within  their  observation  or  knowledge,  that  they  may  be 
reported  to  the  society  and  become  a  part  of  the  permanent  his- 
tory which  is  rapidly  being  compiled. 

B.  L.  Parker^ 

Secretary. 

Green  Bay,  December  -i,  1901. 


66 


WISCONSIN   MISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 


GIVERS  OF  BOOKS  AND  PAMPHLETS 
[including  duplicates] 


Girers. 


Books. 


Pam- 
I)hlets. 


Abbott,  Edwin  H.,  Boston 

Adams,  President  and  Mrs.  C.  K.,  Madison 

"Aegis"  Board,  Madison   

Aguilar  free  library  society,  New  York 

Alabama,  department  of  archives  and  history,  Mont- 
gomery   

Albertson,  Ralph,  South  Jamesport,  N.  Y 

Allen,  Charles  L.,  Eau  Claire 

Allen,   Mrs.   Margaret  A.,*    Madison 

American  antiquarian  society,  Worcester,  Mass 

anti-vivisection  society,  Philadelphia   .... 

bible  society,  N.  Y 

board  of  commissionei's  for  foreign  mis- 
sions, Boston  

congregational  association,  Boston  

federation  of  labor,  Washington,  D.  C 

guardian  society  and  home  for  the  friend- 
less, N.  Y 

historical  association,  Washington,  D.  C. .  . 

Jewish   historical    society,    Philadelphia.. 

library  association,  Boston  

museum  of  natural  history,  N.  Y 

numismatic  and  archaslogical  society, 
N.  Y 

philosophical  society,  Philadelphia 

society  for  the  extension  of  university 
teaching,  Philadelphia    

unitarian  association,  Boston   

Ames,  Herman  V.,  Philadelphia   

Ames,  Pelham  W.,  San  Francisco 

Amherst   (Mass.)    college  library   

Ancient  and  honorable  artillery  co.,  Boston 

Anderson,  John  A.,  Osceola,  Nebr 

Andover  theological  seminary,  Andover,  Mass 

Andrews,  Byron,  Washington,  D.  C 

Andrews,  Frank  D.,  Viueland,  N.  J 

Andrews,  John  J.,  Hudson   

Argentine  Republic,  ministfere  de  I'interior 

Arkansas,  bureau  of  mines.  Little  Rock. 

Arnold,  Howard  P.,  Santa  Barbara,  Cal 

Art  metal  construction  co.,  Jamestown,  N.  Y 

Avery,  Elroy  M.,  Cleveland 

Avery,  Mrs.  Elroy  M.,  Cleveland   


694 
1 


39 
3 


9 
55 


2 
9 
1 
54 
4 
1 


1 

4 

1 
1 
4 

38 
1 
1 
1 
126 
4 


Baker,  Miss  Florence  E.,  Madison 

Ball,  T.  H..  Crown  Point,  InQ 

Baltimore  &  Ohio  r.  r.  co.,  relief  dept,  Baltimore. 


♦Also  unbound  serials. 


GIVERS    OF    BOOKS   AND    PAMPHLETS. 


67 


Givel-3. 


Books. 


Pam- 
phlets. 


Barker,  Eugene  C,  Austin,  Tex 

Barron  county  board  of  supervisors 

Barton,  E.  M.,  Worcester,  Mass 

Bashfoi'd,  Robert  M.,  Madison  

Bayfield  county  board  of  supervisors   

Beckwith,  A.  C.  &  E.  S.,*  Elkhorn 

Beer,  William,  New  Orleans 

Belgium,  ministre  de  chemin  de  fer,  etc.,  Bruxelles. 

Bell,  S.  R.,  Milwaukee   

Beloit  college  library,  Beloit  

Benedict,  W.  G.,  Boston    

Benton,  C.  R.,  La  Crosse  

Benton,  J.  H.,  jr.,  Boston 

Berryman,  Miss  Clara  M.,  Madison 

Berryman,  John  R.,  Madison   

Blair,  Miss  Emma  Helen,  Madison   

Blaisdell,  Mrs.  J.  J.,  Beloit 

Blinn,  Henry  C,  East  Canterbury,  N.  H 

Bolton,  Charles  K.,  Boston 

Boston  associated  charities 

board  of  overseers  of  the  poor 

children's  aid  society 

children's  institutions  department 

citizens'  association    

city  auditor  

city  hospital  

city  registry  department    

home  for  aged  women  

public  library  

south  end  house  association 

transit  commission  

Washingtonian  home , 

Bowdoin  college  library,  Brunswick,  Me 

Bradley,  L  S.,  Madison 

British  government,  'London    

patent  office,  London   

Brower,  J.  V.,  Minneapolis  

Brown  university.  Providence,  R.   I 

Browning,  Miss  Eliza  G.,  Indianapolis   

Bruncken,  Ernest,  Milwaukee 

Bryant,  E.  E.,*  Madison 

Buchanan,  H.  D.,  Madison  

Buchholtz,  W.  D.,  Madison 

Buffalo   ( N.  Y. )   public  library   ,. 

Buffalo  county  board  of  supervisors 

Bunker  Hill  monument  association,  Boston   

Bureau  of  American  republics,  Washington,  D.  C... 

Burnett  county  board  of  supervisors   

Burrows  Brothers  Co.,  Cleveland   

Butler,  James  D.,*  Madison  


165 
1 
1 


13 


21 

135 

1 


18 
2 

2 


1 
26 


1 

1 
2 
5 
6 
90 
2 


1 
15 
15 
8 
1 
4 
1 
1 
2 
1 
1 


1 

8 
17 


2 
28 


38 

1 
1 


2 
131 


•Also  unl»ound  serials. 


63 


WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 


'■MMi 


Givers. 


Books. 


Pam- 
phlets. 


Calhoun  colored  school,  Calhoun,  Ala " 

California  bureau  of  labor  statistics,  Sacramento... 
insurance  commissioner,  San  Francisco  . 
southern  historical  society,  Los  Angeles. 

state  controller,   Sacramento    

state  board  of  trade,  San  Francisco 

state  library,  Sacramento   

university,   Berkeley    

Calumet  county  board  of  supervisors   

Cambi'idge   (Mass.)   messenger's  office    

public  library  

Canada  auditor  general,  Ottawa  

dept.  agriculture,  archives  branch,  Ottawa. 

Canfield,  W.  H.,  Baraboo 

Carleton  college,  Northfielu,  'Minn 

Carnegie  free  library,  Allegheny,  Pa 

free  library,  Atlanta,  Ga 

free  library,  Pittsburgh,  Pa 

Carroll  college,  Waukesha  

Catlin,  Mrs.  L.  E.,*  Elizabeth,  N.  .J 

Cedar  Rapids   (la.)   free  public  library   

Chamberlain,  George  U.,  Weymouth,  Mass 

Chamberlain,  T.  C,  Chicago    

Chandler,  C.  H.,  Ripon  

Chandler,  Mrs.  Joseph  C,  Madison 

Chapman,  Mrs.  C.  P.,*  Madison  

Charleston,  S.  C,  mayor  

Chateau  de  Ramezay,  Montreal,  Canada   

Cheney,  L.  S.,  Madison  

Chicago  board  of  education 

board  of  directors  of  sanitary  districts.... 

board  of  trade 

city  comptroller   

historical  society    

Milwaukee  &  St.  Paul  r.  r.  co.,  Milwaukee. 

municipal  library  

public  library 

sunset  club 

university 

university  extension  department 

and  Evanston  public  libraries  

Chippewa  county  board  of  supervisors    

"Chippewa  Times,"  Chippewa  Falls  

Cincinnati  museum  association  

public  library 

Clark,  Charles  S.,  Milwaukee  

Clark,  Mrs.  Darwin,  Madison  

Clark,  J.  T.,  Topaka,  Kans 

Clark,  Mrs.  .Jonas  G.,  Worcester,  Mass 

Clark  university,  Worcester,  Mass 


75 


1 
1 

77 
2 


20 


1 
1 
2 
4 
21 
59 
1 
4 
1 


103 


9 
2 
5 
3 
6 
2 
150 


11 

2 


•Also  unbound  serials. 


GIVERS    OF    BOOKS    AND    PAMPHLETS. 


69 


Givers. 


Books. 


40 
1 


Clarke,  Edith  E.,  Burlington,  Vt 1 

Cleveland  chamber  of  commerce 1 

public  library 

Cobb,  Amasa.  Los  Angeles,  Cal 

Coburn,  John,   Indianapolis    . . .  .• 

College  settlements  association,  Philadelphia 

Colorado  bureau  of  labor  statistics,  Denver 

insurance  department,  Denver 

secretary  of  state,  Denver 

Columbia  county  board  of  supervisors    

Columbia  university,  N.  Y 

geological  department   

Columbus  (O.)  public  school  library  

Comstock,  Charles  H.,*  Madison  

Comstock,  Prof.  George  C,  Madison   

Connecticut  bureau  of  labor  statistics,  Hartford....] 

historical  society,  Hartford    | 

insurance  commissioner,  Hartford j 

railroad  commissioner,  Hartford j 

secretary  of  state.  Hartford   | 

state  board  of  charities,  Hartford j 

state  library,  Hartford  | 

state  treasurer,  Hartford  | 

Conover,  F.  K.,  Madison   | 

Cornell  university,  Ithaca,  N.  Y j 

Costa  Rico,  instituto  fisico-geografico  j 

Council  Bluffs  ( la. )  public  library j 

Courtenay,  William  A.,  Newry,  S.  C | 

Cox,  John  H..  Lexington,  Mass j 

Coyne,  James  H..  St.  Thomas.  Ont | | 

Crosby,  Ernest  Howard,  Boston   j | 

Cudmore,  P..  Faribault,  Minn j j 

Cunningham,  Henry  W.,  Boston  | | 

Currey,  J.  Seymour.  Evanston,  111 j  1     j 

Curtis,  Charles  A.,  Madison 4     I 

Curtis,  Charles  B.,  N.  Y | [ 

I  I 

Dane  county  agricultural  society.  Madison  | | 

board  of  supervisors  ( f 

Daniells,  Mrs.  W.  W.,  Madison* | | 

Darling,  Charles  W.,  Utica,  N.  Y j | 

Daughters  of  American  Revolution,  Chicago  chapter | j 

Davenport  ( la. )  superintendent  of  schools | | 

Daves,  Graham,  New  Bern,  N.  C j | 

Davidson,  John  N..  Dousman  |  1     | . 

Davies,  Mrs.  John  E.,  Madison | ( 

Davis,  Andrew  McF.,  Cambridge,  Mass | j 

Davis,  Frank  M.,  Madison    | | 

Deacon,  Edward,  Bridgeport,  Conn I  1     I . 


2     I 


Pam- 
phlets. 


5 
1 

io 


2 

34 

3 


189 
2 


17 
1 


2 
4 
15 
3 
1 
1 
3 


*  Also  untiound  serials. 


70 


WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 


Givers. 


Books. 


Pam- 
phlets. 


Democrat  printing  co.,  Madison 

Denver  chamber  of  commerce  and  board  of  trade. . . . 

Derby,  Samuel  C,  Columbus,  O 

Detroit  public  library 

Diffenderfer,  Frank  R.,  Lancaster,  Pa 

Dilg,  Charles  A.,  Chicago 

District  of  Columbia  health  department,  Washington 

Dodge,  M.  G.,  Clinton,  N.  Y 

Domestic  and  foreign  missionary  society,  N.  Y 

Door  county  board  of  supervisors 

Douglas  county  board  of  supervisors . . 

Dover  (N.  H.)  public  library 

Downing,  Andi'ew,  Washington,  D.  C 

Draper  library,  Madison 

Drew  theological  seminary  library,  Madison,  N.  J.. 

Drexel  institute,  Philadelphia   

Duluth   (Minn.)   board  of  trade   

Dunn  county  board  of  supervisors  

Durrett,  R.  T.,  Louisville,  Ky 

Dye,  Mrs.  Eva  E.,  Oregon  City,  Ore 


East  St.  Louis  (111.)  public  library 

Eau  Claire  county  board  of  supervisors 

Ecumenical  missionary  conference,  N.  Y 

Egypt  exploration  fund,  Boston 

Elliott,   Richard    R.,   Detroit,    Mich 

Ellsworth,  Mrs.  Frank,*  Madison 

Ely,  Richard  T.,*  Madison   

Engle,  George  B.,  Chicago  

Enoch  Pratt  free  library,  Baltimore • 

Estabrook,  Charles  E.,  Milwaukee 

Evans,  N.  W.,  Portsmouth,  O 

Evanston  (111.)  historical  society 

Evening  Wisconsin  company,  Milwaukee 

Everett,  Mrs.  Edward  F.,  North  Cambridge,  Mass. 


Fairbanks,  Hiram  F.,  Milwaukee   

Feldsmith,   Mrs.    Mattie    D.,    Institute 

Field,  Marshall,  Chicago   

Field  Columbian  Museum,  Chicago 

Fish,  Carl  R.,  Madison    

Flower,  Frank  A.,  Washington,  D.  C 

Fond  du  Lac  county  board  of  supervisors 

Forbes  library,  Northampton,  Mass 

Fort  Wayne  (Ind.)  city  clerk 

Foster,  Miss  Mary  S.,*  Madison 

Fox,  Edward  T.,  Milwaukee    

Frankenburger,  D.  B.,  Madison  , . . 


35 

2 


1 
13 
1 
1 
1 
4 
402 
1 
1 

1 
1 


2 

1 

14 


♦Also  unbound  serials. 


GIVERS    OF   BOOKS   AND   PAMPHLETS. 


71 


Givers. 


Books. 


Pam- 
phlets. 


Gattiker,  Miss  Emma,*  Madison  

Garrett,  David  C,  Oconomowoc  

Garrison,  Georgo  P.,  Austin,  Tex 

German-American  liistorical  soc.  of  Illinois,  Chicago 

Gibson,  James,  Madison  

Gilbert,  E.  M.,  Blair 

Godard,  -George  S.,  Hartford,  Conn 

Goodlander,  C.  W.,  Ft.  Scott,  Kans 

Goodwin,  John,*  Madison 

Gould,  S.  C,  Manchester,  N.  H 

Grand  Army  of  the  Republic,  department  of  Wis.  .  . 

Woman's  relief  corps, 
department  of  Wis. 

Grand  Rapids  (Mich.)  public  schools 

Green,  C.  R.,  Lyndon,  Kans 

Green,  James,  Worcester,  Mass 

Green,  Samuel  A.,  Boston 

Green,  Samuel  S.,  Worcester,  Mass 

Green  Bay  first  baptist  church  

Green  county  board  of  svipervisors   

Green  Lake  county  board  of  supervisors   

Gregory,  Charles  N.,*  Iowa  City,  la 

Grinnell,  Mrs.  Myra  C,  Beloit  

Grosvenor  public  library  fund,  Buffalo,  N.  Y 


Haight,  T.  W.,  Waukesha   

Hall  &  Thorne,  Janesville  

Halsey,  Francis  W.,  N.  Y 

Hanks,  L.  S.,*  Madison   

Hantke,  Ernst,  Milwaukee    

Harper,  Blanchard,*  Madison 

Hartford   (Conn.)   city  clerk 

theological  seminary 

Harvard  university,  Cambridge,  Mass 

Haskell,  Prank  W.,  Niagara  Falls,  N.  Y 

Hastings,  Samuel  D.,*  Green  Bay 

Haverhill   (Mass.)  mayor 

public  library 

Hawley.  Emma  A.,  Madison    

Hays,  James  H.,  Boise,  Idaho  

Helena   (Mont.)    public  library   •. 

Hennighausen.  F.  P.,  Baltimore   .  .• 

Hibbard,  B.  H..  Madison   

Hicks,  L.  W..  Hartford,  Conn 

Hinkley,  L.  D.,  Waupun , 

Hobbs,  William  H.,  Madison   f 

Hulbert,  Archer  B.,  Waterford,  O 

Humphreys,  Henry  H..  Highland  Park,  111 

Hunt,  W.  H.,  San  Juan,  Porto  Rico 


16 


210 
1 


2 

17 

1 


111 
1 


16 
1 
1 
1 
1 


26 

7 


1 
1 
1 
2 

151 

10 

1 

4 

10 

443 


5 

i 
i 

617 

1 
1 
18 
1 
9 

n 

1 
1 

i 

24 


♦Also  unbound  serials. 


72 


WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 


Givers. 


Books. 


Pam- 
phlets. 


Huntington   (Ind.)   board  of  education 

Hurlb'it,  S.  A.,  Madison  

Hutchinson,  Mrs.  Buell,*  Madison 


Idaho  tree  library  commission,  Boise  

lies,  George,  Montreal,  Canada  

Illinois  association  opposed  to  the  extension  of  suf- 
frage to  women,  Chicago   

auditor  of  public  accounts,  Springfield 

bureau  of  labor  statistics,  Springfield  

department  of  factory  inspection,  Chicago.  . 

secretary  of  state,  Springfield 

society   of   engineers   and   surveyors,    Cham- 
paign   

state  historical  library,  Springfield 

university.   Champaign 

Independent  order  of  good  templars,  grand  lodge  of 

Wis.,  Waupaca 

Independent  order  of  odd  fellows.  Wis.  dep't 

Indian  rights  association,  Philadelphia 

Indiana  board  of  state  charities,  Indianapolis 

department  of  Inspection,  Indianapolis 

historical  society,  Indianapolis 

state  board  of  health,  Indianapolis 

state  library,  Indianapolis   

Indianapolis  board  of  trade  

public  library    

Interstate  commerce  commission,  Washington,  D.  C. . 
Iowa  board  of  railroad  commissioners,  Des  Moines 
federation  of  women's  clubs,  Des  Moines... 

geological  survey,  Des  Moines 

governor's  office,  Des  Moines   

masonic  libra'ry.  Cedar  Rapids 

state  historical  society.  Iowa  City   

state  university,  Iowa  City 

Iowa  county  board  of  supervisors 

Ishakawa,  G.  S.,  Japan  


Jackson,  Louis,  C,  M.  &  St.  P.  Ry.,  Chicago.. 

Jackson  county  board  of  supervisors 

Jefferson  county  board  of  supervisors 

Jehks,  Albert  Ernest,  Washington.  D.  C 

Jersey  City  (N.  J.)   free  public  library 

Jewish  publication  society  of  America,  Phila. 

John  Crerar  library,  Chicago  

Johnson,  F.  C,  Wilkes-Barre,  Pa 

Johnson,  John  A.,*  Madison  

Johnson.  Mrs.  J.  B..  Madison   

Joliet  (111.)  public  library 

Juneau  county  board  of  supervisors 


11 
4S 


92 
1 


1 
14 


1 

'59" 


2 

29 

1 


1 

2 

12 


1 

11 


2 
1 
4 
1 
1 
4 
1 

1. 
25 
2 
1 
3 


♦Also  upboynd  serials. 


GIVERS    OF    BOOKS   AND    PAMPHLETS. 


73 


Givers. 


Kansas  bank  commissioner,  Topeka   

bureau  of  labor  and  industry,  Topeka. 

secretary  of  state,  Topeka   

state  historical  society,  Topeka 

state  treasurer,  Topeka   

university,  Lawrence 

Kansas  City   (Mo.)   public  library   

Keats,  Myron  E.,  Fond  du  Lac 

Keene,  Francis  B.,  Milwaukee  

Kellogg,  Miss  Louise  P.,  Madison  

Kernedy,  Mrs.  Augusta,  Ashland 

Kenosha  county  board  of  supervisors 

Kent,  Henry  O.,  Lancaster,  N.  H 

Kerr,  Alexander,  Madison   

Kerr,  Charles  H.  &  co.,  Chicago   

Kewaunee  county  board  of  supervisors   

Kidder.  Almon,  Monmouth,  111 

King,  C.  I.,  Madison   

King,  F.  H.,  Madison 

King,  Henry  Melville,  Providence,  R.  I 

Kittle,  William,  Mazomanie   

Knight,  Hiram,  North  Brookfie'd,  Mass 

Kohlhammer,  W.,  Stuttgart,  Germany   

Kremers,  Edward,  Madison    

Kuttroff,  Pickhardt  &  co.,  N.  Y 


Books. 


Pam- 
I)hiets. 


1 

1 

14 

2 


La  Crosse  board  of  trade   

La  Fayette  county  board  of  supervisors 

Lake  Forest   (111.)    university   

Lake  Mohonk  arbitration  conf..  Lake  Mohonk.  N.  Y. 

Lake  Superior  mining  institute,  Houghton,  Mich 

Lancaster   county   historical    society,    Lancaster,   Pa. 

Langlade  county  board  of  supervisors  

Latshaw,  S.  R.,  Wausau    

Laval  university,  Quebec,  Canada 

Lawrence  academy,  Groton,  Mass 

Lawrence  university,  Appleton    

Lawson,  Publius  V.,  Menasha 

Leader,  W.  J.,  Superior 

Legler,  Henry  E.,  Milwaukee  

Leland  Stanford,  jr.  university,  Palo  Alto,  Cal 

Lentill,  J.  N.,  San  Francisco   

Leonard,  Bernard  A..  De  Pere 

Leutscher,  G.  D.,  Madison  

Lewis  institute,  Chicago   

Lexington  &  Eastern  r.  r.  co.,  Lexington,  Ky 

Libby,  Grin  Grant,  Madison   

Hfibrary  of  congress,  Washington.  D.  C 

Lick  Observatory,  Mt.  Hamilton,  Cal 


•Also  unbound  serials. 

6 


38 


1     I 


3 
1 
1 
1 
1 
330 
3 
1 
1 

1 
1 
2 

2 


74 


WISCONSIN  -HISTORICAL    SOCIETY. 


Givers. 


Books. 


Lincoln,  C.  H.,  Wasliington,  D.  C 

Lindsay,  Crawford,  Quebec  

Lincoln  county  board  of  supervisors 

Linscott  publishing  company,  Toronto 

Los  Angeles   (Cal.)   public  library  

Louisiana  adjutant  general,  Baton  Rouge 

auditor  of  public  accounts.  Baton  Rouge. . 

Lowell  (Mass.)  old  residents'  histor.  ass'n 

Ludlow,   Alfred    S.,    Waukesha 

McCiaughry,  Charles  C,  Waupun  

McCormick,  R.  L.,  Hayward  

McCullough,  H.  R.,  Chicago 

McGill  university,  Montreal   

McGregor,  Charles 

McGuire,  Joseph  D.,  N.  Y 

McMynn,  Mrs.  J.  G.,  Madison   

Madison  book  club,  Madison 

Madison  city  water  works   : . . 

literary   club    

public  schools    

Maine  adjutant  general,  Augusta   

bur.  of  industry  and  labor  statistics,  Augusta 
comm.  inland  fisheries  and  game,  Augusta. . .  . 
comm.  sea  and  shore  fisheries,  Boothbay  Har. 

general  hospital,  Portland   

historical  society,  Augusta    

industrial  school  for  girls,  Augusta 

insane  hospital,  Augusta    

state  library,  Augusta  

state  prison,  Augusta 

state  reform  school,  Portland  

Mallett,  Frank  J..  Beloit  

Manchester   (N.  H.)   institute  of  arts  and  sciences.. 
Manitoba   department   of   agriculture   and   immigra- 
tion, Winnipeg    

historical  and  scientific  society,  Winnipeg 

legislature,  Winnipeg   

Manitowoc  county   board   of  supervisors    

Marathon  county  board  of  supervisors   

Marquette    college,    Milwaukee    

Martin,  George  A.,  Wausau   

Maryland  bureau  of  industrial  statistics,  Bait 

historical  society,   Baltimore    

treasury  department,  Baltimore   

Mason,  Mrs.  E.  C.,*  Madison   

Massachusetts    board    of  commissioners    of    savings 

banks.  Boston    

board  of  gas  and  electric  light  com- 
missioners,   Boston    

board  raili'oad  commissioners,  Boston 
bureau  of  labor  statistics,  Boston... 


Pam- 
phlets. 


1 
6 
1 

15 

i 

111 

i 

1 
1 
1 

2 

ii 

"i" 

4 


2 
1 
1 

-    1 


16 
3 
1 


11 


♦Also  unT)ound  serials. 


GIVERS    OF   BOOKS   AND   PAMPHLETS. 


75 


Givers. 


Books. 


Pam- 
phlets. 


civil  service  commissioners,  Boston., 
commissioner   of   prisons,   Boston.... 

consumers'  league,  Boston 

general  hospital,  Boston   

historical  society,  Boston   

horticultural  society,  Boston    

institute  of  technology,  Boston  

insurance  commissioner,  Boston 

metropolitan  park  comms.,  Boston.  . . . 
public  records  commission.  Boston  . . . 

railroad  commission,  Boston    

secretary  of  state.  Boston  

state  auditor,  Boston  

state  board  of  arbitration,  Boston  . . . 

state  board  of  charity,  Boston    

state  board  of  education,  Boston 

state  board  of  health,  Boston 

state  hospital   for  the   insane,   North- 
ampton   

state  lunatic  hospital,  Taunton    

total  abstinence  society,  Boston   

Matthews,  Albert,  Boston   

Mayor.  John  E.  B.,  Cambridge,  Eng 

Merchants'  loan  and  trust  company,  Chicago 

Merrill,  Frederick  J.  H.,  Albany,  N.  Y 

Merrill,  S.  T.,  Beloit 

Meyer,  Louis,  Hopkinton,  Iowa    | 

Michigan   adjutant  general,  Lansing  

board  of  corrections  and  charities,  Lansing 

dairy  and  food  department,  Lansing | 

labor  bureau,  Lansing   | 

state  agricultural   college  experiment  sta-| 

tion.  Agricultural  College  | 

state   board   of   corrections   and   charities,] 

Lansing   ' | 

state  board  of  health,  Lansing | 

state  board  of  tax  commissioners,  Lansing] 

state  library,  Lansing    | 

superintendent  pub.  instruction,  Lansing. .  I 

university,  Ann  Arbor j 

Middleton,  Thomas  C,  Villanova  College,  Pa | 

Military    order  loyal  legion  U.  S.,  | 

California  commandery | 

Colorado  commandery | 

Iowa  commandery   | 

Kansas  commandery   j 

Missouri   commandery | 

Ohio  commandery    .  . .  .■ | 

Oregon  commandery   | 

Wisconsin  commandery   | 

Mills,  E.  G.,  West  Superior I 


1 
2 
1 
17 
2 
2 

9 


1 
4 
15 
1 
1 


75 


16 


35 


47 

3 
21 

3 
16 
26 

1 
29 

1 


♦Also  unbound  serials. 


76 


WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 


Givers. 


Books. 


Pam- 
phlets. 


Milwaukee  board  of  city  service  commissioners  . . . . 

board  of  public  works   

board  of  school  directors   

chamber  of  commerce    

commissioner   of   health    

Concordia  college   

Deutsche  gesellschaft   

Downer  college   

health  department   

hospital  for  insane 

orphan  asylum    '. 

park   commissioners    

public  library    

public  museum   

Milwaukee  county   board   of  supervisors    

clerk   

Miner,  H.  A.,  Madison  

Minneapolis  chamber  of  commerce 

public  library 

Twin  City  rapid  transit  co 

Minnesota  academy  of  sciences,  Minneapolis 

geological    and     natural    history    survey, 

Minneapolis  

historical  society,  St.  Paul 

chief  fire  warden,  St.  Paul 

railroad    and    warehouse   commission,    St. 

Paul  

secretary  of  state,  St.   Paul    

state  board  of  corrections  and  charities, 

St.  Paul    

Minto,  John,  Salem,  Ore 

Missouri  bureau  of  labor,  Jefferson  City 

insurance  department,  Jelferson  City 

state  auditor,  Jefferson  City 

university  library.  Columbia   

Montara  historical  library,  Helena    

inspector  of  mines,  Helena    | 

state  library,  historical  dept.,  Helena 

state  treasurer,  Helena | 

Montreal  numismatic  and  antiquarian  society | 

Morris,  W.  A.  P.,  Madison  j 

Morris,  Mrs.  W.   A.   P.,*  Madison    ] 

Moseley,  Crowder  B | 

Mount  Holyoke  college.  South  Hadley,  Mass | 

Mowry,  Duane,*  Milwaukee   j 

Mowry,  William  A.,  Hyde  Park,  Mass 


2 

4 

13 

2 
1 
1 
3 
1 

9 
3 
1 
1 


1 
15 
1 
6 
1 

1 

1 
1 


3 

66 

37 
1 


27 
1 
1 

13 
1 


*  Also  unbound  serials. 


Givers  of  books  and  pamphlets. 


77 


Givers. 


Pam- 
phlets. 


404 

1 
2 


Nantucket   (Mass.)   historical  association   

National  association  of  state  librarians | | 

association  of  wool  manufacturers,  Boston  j  1     | 

conference  of  charities  and  correction,  To 

peka,  Kans 

consumers'  league,  Boston 

education  association,  Winona,  Minn 

•  league  for  the  protection  of  the  family,  An 

burndale.  Mass 

municipal  league,  Philadelphia 

primary  election  league,   Chicago    

Nebraska  state  bureau  of  labor  and  industrial  sta- 

sistics,  Lincoln    

university,   Lincoln    

Nelson,  William,  Paterson,  N.  J 

Nevada  state  university,  Reno   

New^   England   anti-imperialist  league.   Boston 

society  in  the  city  of  New  York 

New  Hampshire  adjutant  general,  Manchester 

asylum  for  the  insane,  Manchester. . 

bank  commissioner,  Concord   

industrial  school.  Concord 

insurance  commissioner.  Concord  . . 
library  commissioners,  Manchester. . 
railroad  commissioners.  Concord    . . 

secretary  of  state.  Concord  

state  board  of  charities  and  correc-j 

tion,  Concord  |  1 

state  library.  Concord    |         10 

state  prison,  Manchester   | 

state  treasurer,  Manchester    |  2 

New  Jersey  adjutant  general,  Camden | 

agricultural  experiment  station.  Trenton  | 

bureau  of  statistics  of  labor,  Trenton..  |  2 

comptroller  of   the  treasury,   Trenton..  |  1 

dept.  banking  and  insurance,  Trenton..]  3 

dept.  factory  and  workshop  inspection. .  | 

historical  society.  Newark    |  2 

state  board  of  assessors,  Trenton [  1 

state  treasurer,  Trenton    (  i 

Newberry  library,  Chicago   ., |  2 

Newman,  A.  H.,  Boston |  i 

New  Orleans  city  comptroller   | 

Newspapers  and  periodicals  received  from  the  pul)-| 

lishers    i 

New  South  Wales  board  for  international  exchanges,! 

Sydney  , | 

government  statistician,  Sydney..] 

New  York,  city,  charity  organization  society | 

charter  revision  commission    | 

children's  aid  society I 


1     I 


16 


♦Also  unbound  serials. 


78 


WISCONSIN  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 


Givers. 


Books. 


Pam- 
phlets. 


New  York,  city,  free  circulating  library 

health  department 

historical  society 

home  for  incurables 

house  of  refuge  

juvenile  asylum 

[  mercantile  library   

mission  and  tract  society  

public  library 

school  board    for    the    boroughs    of 

Manhattan    and    Bronx    

[  young  men's  christian  association. . 

*  state,  banking  department,  Albany 

\  board  of  charities,  Albany   

board  of  health,  Albany 

bureau  of  labor  statistics 

■  catholic  protectory.  West  Chester.. 

.    '  chamber  of  commerce,  Albany   .... 

civil  service  commission,  Albany. . . 

commissioners   of   state    reservation 

I  at  Niagara,  Niagara  Falls    

comptroller,  Albany 

I  department  of  health,  Albany   

factory    inspector,    Albany    ........ 

J  historical  association,  Albany 

j  historical  society,  N.  Y 

I  institution  for  the  instruction  of  the 

!"."[  deaf  and  dumb,  N.  Y 

insurance  department,  Albany 

library,  Albany   

railroad  commissioners,  Albany  .... 
superintendent  of  banks,  Albany. . .  . 

university,  Albany   

New  Zealand  government  

registrar-gen.,  Wellington 

Niagara  Falls  (N.  Y.)  public  library 

Noll,  Arthur  H.,  South  Pittsburg,  Tenn 

North,  S.  N.  D.,  Boston 

North  Adams   (Mass.)   public  library   

North  Carolina  auditor  of  state,  Raleigh 

bureau  of  labor  and  printing.  Raleigh 
corporation  commission,  Raleigh.... 

university.  Chapel  Hill 

North   Dakota  agricultural   college,   experiment  sta- 
tion, Fargo  

commissioner  of  agriculture  and  la- 
bor, Bismarck   

state  examiner,  Bismarck   

Northern  Hlinois  college,  Fulton -. . . 

Northwestern  university  library,  Evanston,  111 

settlement,  Chicago    


1 
2 
1 

1 
1 
2 
2 
1 
1 

1 

2 

14 

2 


3 

2 
2 
4 
11 
2 
2 
2' 
1 


12 
12' 

"s 

10 


*Al80  unbound  serials. 


GIVERS    OF    BOOKS   AND   PAkPHtETS. 


79 


Givers. 


Books. 


Nova  Scotia  historical  society,  Halifax. . 

Noyes,  F.  E.,  Marinette  

Noyes,  James  Atkins,  Cambridge,  Mass. 
Nunns,  Miss  Annie  A.,  Madison 


Oakley,  Miss  Minnie  M.,  Madison  

Oberlin  (Ohio)  college  

library     

Ohio  auditor  of  state,  Columbus   

bureau  of  labor  statistics,  Columbus 

department  of  inspection  of  workshops,  Colum- 
bus     

historical  and  philosophical  society,  Cinn 

state   library,   Columbus    

Oklahoma  executive  office,  Guthrie 

Old  Northwest  genealogical  society,  Columbus.  O. .  . 

Old  South  work,  directors,  Boston  . 

Oneida  historical  society,  Utica,  N.  Y 

O'Neil,  Desmond,  Boston   

Ontario  department  o7  agriculture,  Toronto 

historical  society,  Toronto 

Oregon  state  treasurer,   Salem 

Ott,  John  George,  Madison  

Ottawa  literary  and  scientific  society,  Ottawa 

Outagamie  county  board  of  supervisors : 


Paine,  Nathaniel,  Worcester,  Mass 

Parkinson,  Miss  Eve,  Madison 

Parkinson,  J.  B.,*  Madison 

Paul,  Edward  J.,  Milwaukee    

Peabody   institute,    Baltimore.   Md 

museum  of  archaeology  and  ethnology,  Cam- 
bridge, Mass 

Peet,  Stephen  D.,  Chicago  

Pennsylvania  banking  department,  Harrisburg 

bureau  indust.  statistics,  Harrisburg  . . 

factory   inspector,   Harrisburg    

German  society,  Ephrata 

prison  society,  Philadelphia . .  .  ] 

secretary  internal  affairs,  Harrisburg  . 
state  board  of  health,  Philadelphia   ..| 

library, "Harrisburg | 

treasurer,  Harrisburg .\ 

university,  Philadelphia   | 

free  museum  of  science  and| 
art,  Phila l 


5 

1    i 
1    I 

I 

1    I 


3  |, 

1  h 

2  I 
1  I 


Pam- 
phlets. 


2 

1 

16 


7 
4 
76 
1 
1 


•Also  unbound  serials. 


8o 


WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 


Givers. 


Books. 


Peoria   ( III. )   public-  library   

Pepin  county  board  of  supervisors 

Perkins    institution    and    Massachusetts    school    for| 

blind,  Boston  j 

Philadelphia  city  comptroller   | 

city  institute   

Fairmount  art  association    

free  library 

library  company  

mercantile  library  company   

municipal  league 

yearly  meeting  of  friends 

Phiiippi,  L.  P.,  La  Crosse 

Philippine  information  society,  Boston   

Pierce  county  board  of  supervisors 

Pioneerens  bibliothek  

Polk  county  board  of  supervisors 

Poole,  Franklin  O.,  Boston   

Portage  county  board  of  supervisors   " 

Porter,  Mrs.  Lew,*  Madison  

Portland  ( Me. )  city  auditor  

Potter,  J.  M.,  Madison,  N.  J 

Pratt,  A.  D.  Waupun    

Pratt  institute  free  library,  Brooklyn    

Presbyterian  board  of  publication  and  Sabbath  school 

work.    Phila 

church  general  assembly,  Phila 

historical  society,  Phila 

Price  county  board  of  supervisors  

Princeton    ( N.   J. )    university    

Protestant   Episcopal    church    in    the    United  States 

diocese  of  Albany 

diocese  of  Arkansas    

diocese  of  California  

diocese  of  Central  New  York 

diocese  of  Central  Pennsylvania 

diocese  of  Chicago  

diocese  of  Colorado 

diocese  of  Connecticut    

diocese  of  Dallas    

diocese  of  Delaware    

diocese  of  Georgia  

diocese  of  Indiana 

diocese  of  Iowa     

diocese  of  Lexington 

diocese  of  Long  Island  

diocese  of  Los  Angeles 

diocese  of  Maryland    ^ 

diocese  of  Massachusetts  

diocese  of  Minnesota 


Pam- 
phlets. 


2 
1 
1 
6 
1 
1 
1 

13 
1 
1 
4 
1 
3 
5 

1 
1 
2 


4 

7 
4 

1 
3 
1 
1 
1 
2 
29 
1 
3 
2 
1 
2 
1 
2 

1 
1 
1 
2 
1 


•  Also   unbound   serials. 


GIVERS    OF    BOORS   AND    JPAMPHLETS. 


81 


Givers, 


Books. 


Pam- 
phlets. 


Protestant   Episcopal    church    in   the   United    States, 

diocese  of  Missouri   

diocese  of  Nebraska 

diocese  of  Newark 

diocese  of  New  Hampshire  

diocese  of  New  Jersey    

diocese  of  New  York 

diocese  of  Ohio 

diocese  of  Pennsylvania    

diocese  of  Pittsburgh    

diocese  of  Quincy 

diocese  of  Rhode  Island 

diocese  of  Southern  Ohio '. 

diocese  of  Tennessee    

diocese  of  Texas 

diocese  of  Vermont   

diocese  of  Virginia    

diocese  of  Washington  

diocese  of  Washington,  D.  C 

diocese  of  West  Virginia  

diocese  of  Western  Michigan  

diocese  of  Western  New  York  

missionary  district    of  New  Mexico,    Phoenix, 

Ariz 

Providence  (R.  I.)   athenaeum  

city  clerk 

city  messenger 

public  library 

record  commissioners   

Public  libraries,  Chicago 

Purdue  university.  La  Fayette,  Ind 


Racine  college  grammar  school  

county  board  of  supervisors 

Raymer,  George.  Madison   

Reed,  Evan  L.,  Oregon,  111 

Reinsch,  Paul  S.,*  Madison    

Rhode  Island  commissioner  of  public  schools,  Prov, 

historical  society.  Providence 

railroad  commissioner,  Providence  . . . 

Richland  county  board  of  supervisors ^ 

Ripon  college 

Rochester  (N.  Y.)  university 

Rock  county  board  of  supervisors 

Rosen,  Peter,  Hollendale 

Round,  J.  H..  London,  Eng 

Roy,  Regis,  Ottawa,  Canada  

Royal  society  of  Canada,  Ottawa   

Ruggles,  H.  Stoddard   j 


18 


1 
2 
1 
18 
3 
5 
1 
2 
1 
2 
2 
2 
2 
4 
1 
1 
5 
1 
1 
1 
2 


♦Also  unbound  serials. 


82 


WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 


Givers. 


Books. 


Pam- 
phlets. 


St.  Croix  county  board  of  supervisors  . . 

St.  Louis  academy  of  science 

board  of  trade 

mercantile  library  association 

St.  Olaf  college,  Northfield,  Minn 

Salem  (Mass.)  public  library 

Salter,  William,  Burlington,  la 

San  Francisco  board  of  supervisors 

chamber  of  commerce  . . . 
public  library 

Sanford,  Edward  T.,  Knoxville,  Tenn.  . . 

Sauk  county  board  of  supervisors 

Schell,  F.  Robert.  N.  Y 

Schroeder,  A.  F.,*  Milwaukee 

Schroeder,  A.  T.,  N.  Y 

Scott,  W.,  Cambridge,  Mass 

Scranton    (Pa.)    public  library    

Seaman,  George  J.,  Reedsburg 

Seligman,  Edwin  R.  A.,  N.  Y 

Sellers,  Edwin  J.,  Philadelphia  

Sener,  S.  M.,  Lancaster,  Pa 

Seward,  George  F.,  N.  Y 

Shawano  county  boai'd  of  supervisors  . . 

Sheboygan  county  board  of  supervisors 

Sheldon,  E.  E.,  Omro 

Sheldon,  Miss  G.  R.,  Madison 

Shibley,  George  H.,  Chicago    

Shinn,  Charles  H.,  Berkeley,  Cal 

Simons,  A.  M.,  Chicago 

Slichter,  Charles  S.,  Madison 

Smith,  Mrs.  Ada  F..*  Madison   

Smith,  Miss  Elizabeth  C,  Madison 

Smith,  Ernest  A.,  Baltimore   , 

Smith,  Eugene  A.,  Montgomery,  Ala.  . . . , 

Smith,  James  S.,  estate  of.*  Madison  . . 

Smithsonian  institution,  Washington,  D. 

Snyder,  J.  F.,  Virginia,  111 I 

Society  for  the  history  of  the  Germans  in  Maryland,! 

Baltimore     j 

of  Mayflower  descendants,  N.  Y | 

of  the  army  of  the  Cumberland,  Washington | 

Sons  of  the  American  revolution,  •  j 

Conn,  soc,  New  Haven ". | 

national  society.  Chicago   | 

Sons  of  the  revolution,  Penn.  soc,  Phila | 

South  Carolina  comptroller  general.  Columbia | 

huguenot  society,  Charleston   | 

Spalding.  H.  S.,  Omaha,  Nebr | 

Spence,  J.  M.  A.,  Green  Bay 


C. 


1 

10 
20 

1 

1 

172 

11 

1 

2 
2 
1 

1 
1 
2 
1 


10 
10 
4 
1 
1 
2 
1 


10 
38 


823t 
3 


1 

2 

15 


*  Also  unbound  serials. 

+  The  articles  here  enumerated  as  pamphlets,  consist  of  785  pieces  of  sheet  music  and 
38  pamphlets. 


GIVERS    OF    BOOKS   AND   PAMPHLETS. 


§3 


Givers. 


Books. 


Pam- 
phlets. 


Spooner,  John  C,  Madison 

Starr,  Frederick,  Chicago   

Stearns,  J.  W.,  Madison   

Steensland,  Halle,  Madison  

Sterling,  Miss  Susan  A.,  Madison 

Stevens,   B.   J.,   Madison    

Steward,  J.  F.,  Chicago  

Stewart,  I.  N.,  Milwaukee 

Stiles,  Lynn  B.,  Milwaukee   

Still,  S.  S.,  Des  Moines,  la 

Stimson,  Rodney  M.,  Marietta,  O 

Stockholm,  kongl.  vitterhets  historie  och  antiqvitets 

Stokes,  J.  G.,  Phelps,  N.  Y 

Suite,  Benjamin,  Ottawa,  Canada  


Tacoma  (Wash.)  city  controller 

Taggard,    R.    F.,    Weyauwega    

Tennessee  commissioner   of   labor   and   inspector   of 

mines,  Nashville  

university,"  Knoxville   

Tenney,  D.  K.,  Madison 

Thomas,  J.  C,  N.  Y 

Thomas,  John  E.,  Sheboygan  Falls 

Thomas,  Kirby,*  West  Superior 

Thwaites,  R.  G.,  Madison 

Thwaites,  Mrs.  R.  G.,*  Madison   

Todd,  W.  C,  Atkinson,  N.  H 

Topsfleld  (Mass.)  historical  society 

Toronto  public  library   

Trelease,  William,  St.  Louis 

Trinity  college,  Hartford,  C.onn 

Trinity  college  historical  society,  Durham,  N.  C 

Tripp,  J.  B.,  Fond  du  Lac 

Tulane  university.  New  Orleans  

Tuolumne  co.,  Cal.,  board  of  supervisors. 

Turville,  Mrs.  Henry,  Madison 

Twitchell,  Mrs.  Hannah,  Madison  


United  States  board  of  Indian  commissioners 

board   on  geographic  names    

bureau  of  education 

bureau  of  statistics 

catholic  historical  society,  N.  Y. ...... 

census  oflBce   

coast  and  geodetic  survey 

commissioner-general  of  immigration, 
commissioner  of  internal  revenue.... 
department  of  agriculture 


1 
30 


1    !■ 


209 
1 
2 
1 
1 
5 
1 


6 

1 

1 

15 

24 

17 

100 

17 


26 


*Also  unbouncl  serials. 


84 


WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCiE*fY. 


Givfirs. 


United  States  department  of  the  interior 

department  of  labor    

department  of  state 

general'  land  office 

geological  survey    

isthmian  canal  commission 

life-saving  service 

military  academy,  West  Point,  N.  Y. . 

naval  academy,  Annapolis,  Md 

naval  observatory  

patent  office 

superintendent  of  public  documents. . 

treasury  department  ^. 

Universite  de  Toulouse,  France    

Universite  Royale  de  Norvege,  library,  Christiana. . 

Unknown  

Upham,  W.  H.,  Marshfield  

Upsala,  Sweden,  Kongl.  universitets-biblioteket 

Usher,  Ellis   B.,  La  Crosse    

Utah  secretary  of  state,  Salt  Lake  city  


Books. 


Van  Vechten,  H.  C,  Racine  '. 

Vermont  adjutant  and  inspector  general,  Fairlee. 

fish  commissioner,  St.  Johnsbury 

state  library,  Montpelier 

state  prison,  Windsor   

supervisors  of  the  insane.  Putney  

university  library,  Burlington  

Vernon  county  board  of  supervisors  

Verwyst,  Chryscstom,  St.  Louis 

Vilas,  William  P.,  Madison  

Virginia  auditor  of  public  accounts,  Richmond... 

historical  society,  Richmond 

university,  Charlottesville 


Walker,  Joseph  B.,  Concord,  N.  IL 

Waldo,  George  E.,  Chicago   

Walworth  county  board  of  supervisors 

Ward,  Mrs.  A.  J.,*  Madison   

Warner,  George  E.,  Minneapolis  

Warvelle,  George  W.,  Chicago   

Washburn  county  board  of  supervisors 

Washington  comms.  public  institutions,  Tacoma. 

labor  commissioners,  Olympia 

Washington  and  Lee  university,  Lexington,  Va. . . 

Waukesha  county  board  of  supervisors 

Waupaca  county  board  of  supervisors  

Weeks,  Stephen  B.,  Santa  Fe,  N.  M 

Wellesley  (Mass.)  college  . . . ; 


1 

4 
22 

6 
12 

2 

1 


60 

274 

14 


1 
10 


74 
1 


12 


Pam- 
phlets. 


12 

20 
1 

1 
1 
1 

203 

9 

11 

'26 
1 
1 

487 


2 
5 
1 
8 
8 
1 
1 
3 

42 

i 

4 


1 

11 

11 

9 

1 

1 

2 

1 

1 

7 

12 

1 

1 


•Also  unbound  serials. 


GIVERS   OF   BOOKS   AND    PAMPHLETS. 


85 


Givers. 


Books. 


Pam- 
phlets. 


Welsh,  Miss  I.  A.,*  Madison 

Wesleyan  university,  Middletown,  Conn 

West  Virginia  auditor,    Charleston    

commissioner  of  labor,  Wheeling. .  . 

Western  Reserve  historical  society,  Cleveland 

Wheeler,  Clin  D.,  St.  Paul   

Wight,  W.  W..  Milwaukee  

Wilkinson,  Alfred  S..  Fond  du  Lac 

William  and  Mary  college,  Williamsburg,  Va 

Williams,  Charles  H.,  Baraboo   

Williams  college,   Williamstown,   Mass , 

Wilmington  ( Del. )  institute 

Wilson,  A.  O.,  Janesville 

Winnebago  county  board  of  supervisors 

Wisconsin  academy  of  sciences,  arts,  and  letters. . . 

adjutant  general.  Madison   

board  of  regents  of  normal  schools,  Mad 

ison 

bureau  of  labor,  census,  and  industrial  sta 

tistics,  Madison    

central  railway  company,  Milwaukee 

cheesemakers'  association.  Madison | 

commissioner  of  labor  statistics.  Madison, 
commissioner  of  public  lands,  Madison.  . . .  | 
cranberry  growers'  association,  Cranmoor| 
dairy  and  food  commissioner,  Madison. . . .  | 

executive  office  | 

free  library  commission,*  Madison | 

geological    and    ratural    history    survey,] 

Madison | 

industrial  school  for  girls.  Milwaukee | 

insurance  commissioner,  Madison | 

natural  history  society,  Milwaukee j 

press  association,  Jefferson | 

quartermaster  general,  Madison | 

school  for  the  deaf,  Delavan '. | 

secretary  of  state,  Madison  | 

state I 

state  bank  examiner.  Madison   | 

state  bar  association.  Madison   | 

state  board  of  agriculture,  Madison  | 

state  board  of  control,   Madison    j 

state  board     of     dental     examiners,     Mil-| 

waukee   | 

state  board  of  health,  Milwaukee | 

state  board  of  immigration,  Madison  . . . .  | 

state  board  of  pharmacy,  Janesville [ 

state  federation  of  women's  clubs I , 

state  firemen's  association.  Jefferson   | . 

state  game  warden,  Madison  | , 

state  grange.  Janesville . .  I . 


7 
25 
32 

3 
1 
7 


1 
1 
6 
2 
2 
28 
2 
1 


5 
1 
3 

12 

2 
3 


43 

1 


68 
2 
9 

2 


♦Also  unbound  serials. 


86 


WISCONSIN   HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 


Givers 


Books. 


Pam- 
phlets. 


Wisconsin  state  journal  office,  Madison  

state  library,  Madison  

state  normal  school,  Milwaukee 

Oshkosh  

Platteville  

'River  Falls 

Stevens  Point 

West  Superior 

Whitewater    

state  railroad  commissioner,  Madison.... 

state  superintendent,  Madison 

state  supervisor   of    inspectors   of   illum- 
inating oils,  Madison  

state  tax  commission,  Madison 

state  treasurer,  Madison  

university,  Madison    

agricultural  experiment  station 

library,  Madison 

school  of   pharmacy,   Madison 
young  men's  christian  association,  Milw.. 

Woburn    (Mass.)    public  library 

Wolfe,  R.  T.,  Hunts,  England  

Woman's  board  of  .missions  of  the  interior,  Chicago. 

Women's  Canadian  historical  society,  Ottawa 

Woman's  christian  temperance  union  of  Wis.,  Bar- 


aboo 


Wood,  Kent,*  Madison 

Wood,  R.  W.,*  Baltimore  

Woodnorth,  J.  H.,  Milwaukee   

Wright,  A.  G.,  Milwaukee 

Wright,  C.  B.  B.,  Milwaukee   

Wyman,  W.  H.,  Omaha 

Wyoming  agricultural  college,  Laramie 

secretary  of  state,  Cheyenne 

Wyoming  commemorative  assn.,  Dorranceton,  Pa. . . . 

historical  and  geological  society,  Wilkes- 
barre.  Pa 


Yale  university,  New  Haven,  Conn. 
Young,  Allyn  A.,  Madison  


406 
140 


2 
1 
5 
3 

17 
1 


31 
1 


157 


56 
523 
1 
1 
2 
1 
6 
1 
1 


3 
15 


♦Also  unbound  serials. 


THE  ADAMS  COLLECTION.  87 


THE  ADAMS  COLLECTION^ 


PICTUBES. 


Oils. — Portrait  of  Charles  Kendall  Adams,  by  J.  C.  Forbes;  portrait 
of  his  father,  Charles  Adams,  by  J.  C.  Forbes;  portrait  of  Mrs.  Mary 
M.  Adams,  by  A.  Borckman;  Foggy  Morning,  by  W.  H.  Beard;  Yo- 
Semite,  by  T.  Hill;  2  small  landscapes,  by  S.  M.  Barstow;  October 
Day,  by  E.  L.  Henry;  Mt.  Hood,  by  K.  Moore;  Sheep,  by  A.  D.  Shat- 
tuck;  Hudson  River,  by  J.  B.  Simonson;  old  painting  on  wood,  time  of 
Giotto;  Via  Appia,  by  J.  L.  Chapman;  Midnight  Sun,  by  L.  Meixner; 
Mont  Blanc,  by  F.  Waller;  Lake  Como,  by  F.  Waller;  Sorrento,  by 
J.  L.  Chapman;  Trasterverina,  by  Buonamici;  Children,  by  Vogel; 
Portrait  of  a  Bride,  by  A.  Borckman;  The  Young  Mother,  by  A.  Borck- 
man; Roses,  by  F.  G.  Young;  Tulips;  Fruit,  by  R.  Ruysch;  Italian 
Peasant  Man,  by  Pesenti;  Italian  Peasant  Woman,  by  Pesenti;  copy  of 
Guide's  "Poesie;"  Fisher  Woman;  Pansies-  Heliotrope;  Sheep,  by 
Laurent  de  Beul;  Diana  Taking  a  Bath,  by  W.  H.' Beard;  Village  in 
Alps;  Girl's  Head;  My  Pet  Bird,  by  Costa;  Child  and  Dog,  by  L.  M.  v. 
Gelder;  Woodland  Scene,  by  Herlling;  Child  (painted  on  porcelalin) ; 
Hoffman's  Head  of  Christ  (on  porcelain);  Marguerite  (on  porcelain); 
Woman  (on  metal);   Charity   (on  wood);   5  small  paintings  on  wood. 

Water-colors  and  pastel. — Savonarola's  Cell,  by  Pesenti;  Street 
Scene  in  Venice  (large) ;  Street  Scene  in  Venice  (small) ;  "Old  Faith- 
ful," by  J.  E.  Stuart;  Giotto's  Campanile;  Traitor's  Gate,  Tower  of 
London,  by  P.  Toft;  Autumn  Scene,  by  H.  Roby;  Path  in  the  Woods; 
Autumn  Scene,  by  S.  M.  Barstow;  pastel  portrait  of  a  girl. 

Etchings. — Warwick  Castle,  by  David  Law;  Landscape,  by  Otis  S. 
Weber;  The  Plowman,  by  J.  Moran;  Amsterdam,  by  Lalanne;  Nurem- 
burg  (4  views),  by  Ernest  George,  A.  Queyroy,  and  W.  E.  Lockhart; 
Landscape,  by  Hamilton;  Abraham  Lincoln,  by  Henry  Taylor;  J.  M.  W. 
Turner,  from  sketch  by  Gilbert;  Tennyson;  Carlyle. 

Engravings. — Die  Lurley,  by  Ed.  Mandel,  after  painting  by  Carl 
Begas;  Coliseum,  dated  1765;  Coliseum  (2  views),  by  Piranesi;  St. 
Cecelia,  by  Joseph  Kohlschein,  after  painting  by  Raphael;  La  Fete  de  la 
Chatelaine,  by  A.  and  E.  Varin,  after  painting  by  Moreau;  Le  Grand 
Turenne,  by  R.  Nanteuil;  Angels,  by  W.  Sharp,  after  painting  by  Anni- 
bale  Caracci;  York  Cathedral;  A  Study;  University  of  Michigan;  1814, 
by  Jules  Jacquet,  after  painting  by  Meissonier;  Magdalen  College,  by 
R.  K.  Thomas;  Christ  Church;  Entrance  to  Dining  Hall,  Christ  Church 
College,  by  Brunel-Debaines;   Prodigal  Son,  by  A.  Diirer;   Parliament 


'  Presented  to  the  society  by  Dr.  and  Mrs.  Charles  Kendall  Adams,  of  Madison. 


88  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY. 

Houses;  Abraham  Lincoln,  by  H.  Gugler,  after  painting  by  J.  H.  Little- 
field;  Baron 'le  Soursanvauli,  by  Wille;  R.  S.  Storrs;  Alexander  Ham- 
ilton; Victor  Hugo,  by  Rajon,  after  painting  by  Bonnat;  Wordsworth, 
by  H.  Meyer,  after  painting  by  Carruthers;  Charles  Lamb,  by  Daniel 
Maclise;  George  Washington. 

Photographs. — Queen  Louise;  Reliefs  on  the  pulpit  in  the  cathedral 
at  Pisa;  Coliseum;  Bismarck;  Winter  Scene;  Thorwaldsen;  Shake- 
speare; Raphael's  Sybillae;  Henneberg's  Jagd  nach  dem  gliick;  Henry 
Ward  Beecher;  3  views  of  Stockholm;  James  B.  Angell;  Lucius  Fair- 
child;  Raphael's  Hours  (11);  Keats,  with  autograph  sonnet  by  Mary 
M.  Adams;  Goethe;  Schiller;  Mozart;  20  mounted  photographs;  colored 
photograph  of  Doge's  palace,  Venice;  colored  photograph  of  the 
Kremlin. 

Color  Prints. — Grotto  at  Capri;  Die  Jungfrau. 


White. — Piece  of  Venetian  rose  point,  46  inches  long;  raised  Venetian 
point,  on  black  velvet;  piece  of  Venetian  point  coraline,  90  inches; 
fichu  of  point  duchesse  and  rose  point;  shawl  of  point  duchesse  and 
rose  point;  handkerchief  of  Brussels  rose  point;  point  de  Flandre,  on 
blue  velvet;  Brussels  pillow  lace,  27  inches;  doyley  of  Venetian  rose 
point;  veil  of  Brussels  needle  point  applique;  long  scarf  of  point  d'Alen- 
gon;   square  of  Italian  guipure;   narrow  Italian  guipure,  50  inches. 

Black. — Shawl  of  Brussels;  piece  of  Brussels,  9  inches  wide  by  41 
inches  long;  2  handkerchiefs,  with  Brussels  border;  pair  of  mitts;  Brus- 
sels fichu;  skirt  piece  of  Brussels,  36  inches  wide  by  109  inches  long; 
Brussels  lace  fan,  with  pearl  sticks. 

MARBLES,   I:R0XZES,   BRASSES,   TERRA-COTTAS,   BISQUES,   AND   CASTS. 

Marble. — Bust  of  Zenobia,  sculptured  by  W.  W.  Story,  with  pedestal. 

Bronzes. — Two  pitchers  with  standards;  pitcher  with  Dresden  porce- 
lain bowl;  large  urn;  2  pitchers,  with  opaque  glass  bowls;  candela- 
brum; card  receiver,  with  standard;  harlequin  card  receiver;  dinner 
bell,  in  form>  of  man;  pitcher  with  dragon  handle;  card  receiver  of 
majolica,  on  tall  bronze  standard;  candlestick;  2  vases;  bronze  and 
glass  flower  holder;  malachite  and  bronze  match  safe;  malachite  and 
bronze  candlestick;  card-tray;  bronze  in  carved  Milanese  frame;  Rus- 
sian- cup;  Russian  match-safe;  malachite  and  bronze  paper-weight 
(horse  and  sleigh);  malachite  and  bronze  paper  weight  (merchant); 
malachite  and  bronze  paper  weight  (ice  sledge);  plaque;  nainiature 
statue  of  Goethe,  with  pedestal;  bust  of  Schiller;  bust  of  Humboldt; 
2  statuettes  of  ideal  figures,  man  and  woman;  2  busts  of  classic  heads; 
Russian-bronze  round  tray;  2  Russian-bronze  square  trays. 

Brasses, — Chased  urn  from  Benares,  with  serpentine  handles;   tray 


5-C' 


l3 
2-  ^ 


THE   ADAMS    COLLECTION.  89 

in  repousse  work;  bride's  dowry  box,  from  Nuremburg;  small  figure  of 
woman;  metallic  plate  (white  metal),  with  classic  figures  in  low  relief. 

Terrorcottas. — Statuette  of  peasant  boy;  statuette  of  peasant  girl; 
basket  filled  with  babies;  child  in  basket  with  frog;  3  small  figures; 
relief  on  plush  mount. 

Bisque. — Bust  of  child. 

Casts. — Head  of  the  young  Augustus  Caesar;  statuette  of  two  chil- 
dren, modeled  by  the  sister  of  the  Queen  of  Sweden;  classic  female 
head. 

ALABASTER,    GLASS,    IVORY,    AKD   WOOD. 

Alabaster  turtle;  alabaster  slipper  and  cupid;  alabaster  paper 
weight;  alabaster  box,  from  Pisa;  alabaster  pitcher. 

Glass  facsimile  of  Plymouth  Rock;  Venetian  glass  bottle;  box  of 
silver  and  Venetian  glass;  Venetian  glass  glove  box;  Venetian  glass 
slipper;  2  Venetian  glass  vinaigrettes;  Venetian  glass  vase. 

Black  and  white  ivory  baby;  ivory  slipper;  ivory  fan;  ivory  hand; 
Italian  carved  ivory  paper  knife;  Venetian  hand  mirror,  with  jeweled 
ivory  frame  and  handle;  ivory  idol. 

Wooden  salad  fork  and  spoon;  cup  made  of  wood  from  Shakespeare's 
mulberry  tree;  wooden  bowl. 


Yellow  jug;  Bohemian  rose  dish;  Royal  Worcester  bowl;  Royal 
Worcester  pitcher;  2  Dresden  candlesticks;  Dresden  fruit  dish;  Royal 
Worcester  carnation  bowl;  Ginori  jardiniere;  Chinese  vase;  3  red, 
white,  blue,  and  gilt  vases;  Cantagalli  pitcher,  with  coat  of  arms;  Can- 
tagalli  pitcher,  with  scroll;  Royal  Berlin  jar;  Le  Nove  punch  bowl; 
Ginori  iridescent  vase;  Choisy  le  Roi  jardiniere;  Wedgwood  pitcher; 
Cantagalli  vase;  2  Chinese  vases;  Wedgwood  jardiniere;  2  black  and 
gilt  jardinieres;  2  Chinese  umbrella  jars;  blue  jardiniere;  peachblow 
Hungarian  vase;  Chinese  fruit  dish,  v/ith  brass  standard;  Chinese 
salad  bowl;  Meissen  dragon;  Majolica  vase:  Majolica  jardiniere 
and  standard;  Cantagalli  fruit  dish;  12  Hungarian  plates;  12  Ger- 
man plates;  Le  Nove  plate;  Limoges  tea  set,  6  pieces;  Dresden 
plate  in  brass  frame;  9  Meissen  cups  and  saucers;  Japanese  tea 
set,  8  pieces;  Cantagalli  cup;  Cloisonee  tea  pot;  Japanese  tea  pot; 
earthen  tea  pot;  12  Japanese  egg  cups;  3  Chinese  plates;  2  plates 
painted  by  the  Empress  Frederick;  old  English  sugar  bowl,  with  2  cups 
and  saucers  to  match;  small  Cantagalli  fruit  dish;  Dresden  fruit  dish; 
blue  and  white  sugar  bowl;  decorated  tureen;  Chinese  rose  bowl; 
Vienna  salad  dish;  Meissen  plate;  dish  from  Alaska;  knife  and  fork 
with  Dresden  handles;  2  antique  Roman  vases;  9  Ginori  cups  and 
saucers;  2  imitation  Dresden  cups  and  saucers;  Royal  Worcester  cup 
7 


90  WISCONSIN   HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

and  saucer;  Haviland  coffee  cup  and  saucer;  Chinese  cup  and  saucer; 
Chinese  bowl;  5  Vienna  bouillon  cups  and  saucers;  Vienna  pitcher;  3 
Ginori  plates;  2  Rorstrand  plates;  Le  Nove  vase;  small  Majolica  fruit 
dish;  6  turtles;  6  assorted  cups  and  saucers;  Pauline  bon  bon  dish;  2 
jaruini6res,  with  palms;  large  plaque  in  bronze  frame;  3  small  painted 
plaques,  in  bronze  frames;  3  painted  plaques,  unframed;  Delft  plaque; 
Dresden  statuette;  busts  of  Michael  Angelo,  Schiller,  Mozart,  and  Bee- 
thoven; Turkish  rose  jar;  black  and  gilt  pitcher;  Wedgwood  vase;  pansy 
and  leaf,  in  Majolica;  Satsuma  umbrella  jar;  2  small  Chinese  vases; 
2  small  blue  and  white  vases;  2  small  Dresden  vases;  Japanese  mustard 
pot. 

KUGS,  SHAWLS,   AND  DRAPERIES. 

Persian  prayer  rug;  Persian  silk  rug;  oriental  rug;  2  camel's  hair 
shawls;  1  pair  of  plush  and  silk  portieres;  3  pairs  of  chenille  portieres; 
cardinal  silk  curtain;  satin  and  plush  portiere. 

FURNITURE. 

Two  carved  oak  chairs;  3  Florentine  chairs  of  wood,  inlaid  with 
Ivory;  2  Florentine  chairs,  carved  and  upholstered;  the  president's 
thair;  2  upholstered  hassocks;  table  of  wood,  inlaid  with  ivory  and 
pearl;  2  parquetry  tables;  stand  of  ebonized  wood,  with  chains;  3  ebon- 
ized  square  stands;  oriental  stand  from  Calcutta,  with  enameled  tray; 
small  table  of  gilded  wood  and  malachite;  metal  stand;  stand  of  wood 
and  brass;  tabourette  inlaid  with  ivory;  2  easels;  glass  screen  decorated 
with  roses;  screen  of  ebonized  wood,  inlaid  with  pearl;  2  screens  with 
Japanese  embroidery;  Florentine  trousseau  chest;  music  box;  Floren- 
tine cabinet;  cabinet  inlaid  with  ivory. 


Swiss  carved  clock,   with  chimes,  accompanied  by  2  carved  vases; 
bronze  clock. 


Hungarian,  with  jeweled  shade,  and  standard;  oriental  jeweled  hang- 
ing; antique  Roman. 

MISCELLANEOUS. 

Swedish  drinking  horn;  German  drinking  horn;  East  Indian  bowl; 
red  and  black  pitcher;  Grecian  vase;  stone  with  Indian  carving,  from 
Alaska;  knife  encrusted  with  formation  from  geyser,  in  Yellowstone 
Park;  Roman  ggldier's  head  in  jnpsaic  (framed). 


MISCELLANEOUS   ACCESSIONS.  QI 


MISCELLANEOUS  ACCESSIONS 

MAPS,    MANUSCRIPTS,    AND    BROADSIDKS. 

A.  C.  Adams,  Cottage  Grove. —  (On  deposit.)  Four  volumes  of  rec- 
ords of  Wisconsin  presbyteries,  as  follows:  Dane,  May  17,  1852,  to 
July  14,  1870,  Iv.;  Columbus,  Oct.  28,  1856,  to  July  14,  1870,  2v.;  Wis- 
consin River,  Aug.  30,  1870,  to  Oct.  15,  1881,  Iv. 

Edward  E.  Ayer.  Chicago. — Oshkosh  Democrat,  extra,  March  29,  1850; 
election  ticket.  Green  Bay,  ca.  1835;  Green  Bay  Advocate,  extra,  March 
21,  1850;  7  MS.  documents,  chiefly  relating  to  Green  Bay  shipping, 
1804-39. 

Mrs.  C.  P.  Chapman,  Madison. — MS.  records  of  Lake  City  Guards,  of 
Madison,  1880-84. 

Mrs.  Darwin  Clark,  Madison. — Four  receipts  to  Darwin  Clark,  1855- 
66;  one  bond  of  Steptoe  Catlin,  of  Madison,  as  clerk  of  county  board, 
Jan.  1,  1844;  also,  5  bound  volumes  of  invoices,  1866-89. 

Executive  Office,  Madison. — Six  folio  vols,  of  MS.  lists  of  persons  lia- 
ble for  military  duty  in  the  following  counties  of  Wisconsin:  Racine, 
Richland  and  Rock,  Fond  du  Lac,  Eau  Claire,  Adams,  Ashland,  Brown, 
Buffalo,  Columbia,  LaFayette,  Manitowoc,  Marathon,  Marquette,  Mon- 
roe, St.  Croix,  Sauk,  Shawano,  Sheboygan,  Trempealeau. 

Mrs.  Ann  Furbush.  Clam  Falls. — MS.  addresses  at  historical  celebra- 
tion held  at  Clam  Falls.  Sept.  29,  1900. 

John  Gorst,  Mazomanie. — Deeds,  letters,  books,  and  other  documents 
relative  to  the  British  Temperance  Emigration  Society's  settlement  of 
Mazomanie,  1843-50. 

Wm.  De  Loss  Love,  jr.,  Hartford,  Conn. — War  of  Rebellion,  1861- 
65.  MS.  letters  and  newspaper  clippings  accumulated  by  Rev.  Wm. 
De  Loss  Love,  sr.,  in  compiling  his  history,  Wisconsin  in  the  Rebellion. 
Purchased. 

Mrs.  W.  A.  P.  Morris.  Madison. — Copy  of  MS.  narrative  by  the  late 
Capt.  Charles  D.  Grannis,  of  his  capture  and  imprisonment  in  Libby 
Prison  in  1862;  copy  of  MS.  sketch  of  44th  N.  Y.  vols.,  in  the  War  of 
Secession,  by  Capt.  F.  A.  Nash. 

Joseph  Schafer,  Eugene,  Ore. — MS.  register  of  common  school,  dist. 
No.  1,  towns  of  Muscoda,  Blue  River  (near  Castle  Rock),  Watertown, 
and  Hickory  Grove,  Grant  co..  Wis.,  for  terms  held  between  May, 
1859,  and  June,  1867.  Before  the  close  of  the  period,  this  union  district 
was  broken  up,  and  the  later  records  have  reference  to  but  one  of  these 
towns. 

John  W.  Schaum.  Journal  Company.  Milwaukee. — Bundle  of  MS.  bills 
and  letters  to  Solomon  Juneau,  by  Samuel  Abbott  and  others,  1848-50. 


02  CONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

/.  N.  Stewart,  Milwaukee. — Bundle  of  miscellaneous  tax  receipts,  etc. 

John  E.  Thomas,  Sheboygan  Falls. — MS.  diary  of  David  Giddings; 
miscellaneous  newspaper  clippings. 

Kirhy  Thomas,  West  Superior. — Nineteen  letters,  1898-99,  from  Lieut. 
Richmond  Smith,  formerly  city  editor  of  Superior  Telegram,  upon  mat- 
ters connected  with  the  war  in  Porto  Rico  and  the  Philippines.  Smith 
formerly  served  with  Co.  I,  3d  Wis.  vols.,  and  later  entered  the  regular 
army. 

J.  B.  Tripp,  Fond  du  Lac. — Route  map  of  the  32d  Wis.  vol.  inf.,  from 
Cairo,  111.,  to  Washington,  D.  C,  1862  to  1865. 

Ellis  B.  Usher,  La  Crosse. — Certificate  admitting  Angus  Cameron  to 
practice  before  U.  S.  supreme  court,  dated  Feb.  26,  1877;  paper  dated 
1876,  relative  to  Cameron's  service  on  U.  S.  senate  committee;  several 
documents  left  by  Nathan  Myrick,  first  settler  of  La  Crosse,  1847-91; 
documents  relating  to  an  attempt  to  establish  an  historical  society  in 
La  Crosse,  1898;  4  miscellaneous  La  Crosse  documents,  MS.  and  printed; 
receipt  for  boom-tolls  on  Black  River,  dated  May  17,  1858. 

N.  B.  Van  Slyke,  Madison. — Spanish  map  of  the  Philippines. 

John  B.  Vliet,  East  Sound.  Wash. — MS.  narrative  of  the  life  of 
Garret  Vliet  from  1835  to  1837,  by  J.  B.  Vliet,  based  upon  memoranda 
following;  three  small  MS.  memorandum  books  kept  by  his  father.  Gar- 
ret Vliet,  1835-37 — these  contain  instructions  relative  to  his  surveys 
in  Wisconsin  for  the  U.  S.  government;  survey  notes  and  miscellane- 
ous memoranda. 

C.  E.  White,  Madison. — Broadside  announcing  shipwreck:  dated  Port- 
land, Me.,  July  14,  1807. 

Miss  Susan  M.  Williamson,  Elizabeth.  N.  J. — Ciphering  book  (1813- 
17)  kept  by  Ezekiel  M.  Williamson,  while  a  school  boy  (aged  12  to  16) 
at  Bedford,  Westchester  co.,  N.  Y.  In  after  life,  Williamson  became 
one  of  the  early  settlers  of  Madison,  Wis. 

Wisconsin  Commissioners  to  the  Pan-American  Exposition. — Register 
of  Wisconsin  visitors  to  the  Pan-American  Exposition,  May  to  Novem- 
ber, 1901,  2  vols. 

Wisconsin  National  Bank,  Milwaukee. — Illuminated  copy  of  resolu- 
tions adopted  by  board  of  directors  of  the  bank,  on  the  occasion  of  the 
death  of  Senator  Philetus  Sawyer  of  Oshkosh. 

Purchased. — Copies  of  letters  in  vol.  32  of  the  manuscript  books  from 
the  ofl5ce  of  the  superintendent  of  Indian  affairs,  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  between 
Aug.  8,  1830,  and  April  1,  1832;  copies  of  eight  letters  found  in  vols.  2 
and  4  of  the  manuscript  books  kept  by  William  Clark,  superintendent 
of  Indian  affairs,  St.  Louis,  1811-30;  journal  .of  treaty  between  Wil- 
liam Clark  and  Lewis  Cass  and  the  Sioux,  Sac,  Fox,  Iowa,  and  six 
other  bands  of  Indians,  held  at  Prairie  du  Chien,  Aug.,  1825.  The 
original  MSS.  of  the  foregoing  are  in  possession  of  the  Kansas  State 
Historical  Society,  Topeka. 


MlSCfeLLANEOUS    ACCESSIONS.  <55 

Purchased. — A  collection,  formerly  belonging  to  Louis  B.  Porlier,  of 
Butte  des  Morts,  of  MS.  letters,  accounts,  etc.,  relative  to  the  Wisconsin 
fur  trade  and  Indians,  1800-50. 

MARBLE. 

Miss  Elizabeth  G.  Plankinton,  Milwaukee.— ^Bust  (with  pedestal)  of 
her  father,  the  late  John  Plankinton,  of  Milwaukee;  executed  by  R.  H. 
Park,  Florence,  Italy. 

^  OIL   PAIXTIXGS. 

Mrs.  J.  S.  Anderson,  Manitowoc. — Portrait  of  Judge  Joseph  T.  Mills. 
Judge  Mills  was  born  at  Cane  Ridge,  Ky.,  1811,  and  died  in  1897.  He 
came  to  Wisconsin  in  1834;  compiled  the  Wisconsin  code;  and  was 
judge  of  the  fifth  circuit,  1864-76. 

Estate  of  John  E.  Davies,  deceased,  Madison. —  (On  deposit.)  Paint- 
ing;  subject,  "Rebecca  at  the  Well." 

George  W.  Ryland,  Lancaster. — Portrait  of  himself,  by  J.  R.  Stuart. 
Mr.  Ryland  was  lieutenant  governor  of  Wisconsin,  1887-91. 

Louis  Dunning  Sumner,  Madison. — Portrait  of  Philo  Dunning,  pio- 
neer of  Madison.     Painted  by  J.  R.  Stuart,  Madison. 

George  B.  Hopkins,  Neic  York  city. — Painting;  subject,  "Winter,"  by 
D.  F.  Hasbrouck. 

EXGRAVIXGS   AXD  PHOTOGRAPHS.' 

Miss  Florence  E.  Baker,  Madison. — Of  old  corner  bookstore,  Boston. 

Miss  E.  H.  Blair,  Madison. — Of  Rev.  George  T.  Ladd,  pastor  of  Spring 
street  congregational  church,  Milwaukee,  about  1881. 

H.  H.  Camp,  Milioaukee. — Steel  engraving  of  self. 

L.  E.  Cavalier,  St.  Paul. — 3  photographs  of  Montana  Indians  wear- 
ing garments  adorned  with  elk-teeth. 

E.  R.  Curtiss,  Madison. — Of  Col.  Henry  Gratiot,  from  oil  portrait  in 
society's  possession. 

Mrs.  Ann  Furbush,  Clam.  Falls. — Group  of  old  settlers.  Clam  Falls 
celebration,  Sept.  19,  1900;   and  portrait  of  D.  F.  Smith. 

Samuel  A.  Green,  Boston. — Steel  engraving  of  John  Langdon  Sibley. 

Mrs.  Laura  Howey,  Helena,  Mont. — Of*  the  silver  bowl  presented  to 
the  U.  S.  gunboat  "Helena"  by  the  citizens  of  Helena. 

P.  V.  Lawson,  Menasha. — Of  Joseph  Jourdain.  He  was  the  first  per- 
manent Wisconsin  blacksmith;  father  of  the  wife  of  Eleazer  Williams; 
came  to  Wisconsin  in  1798,  at  the  age  of  18;  died  May  22,  1866;  re- 
sided in  town  of  Menasha  from  1835  to  the  time  of  his  death.  His 
life,  by  P.  V.  Lawson",  was  published  in  Milwaukee  Sentinel,  May  19, 
1901. 


1  Photographs,  unless  specifically  stated  otherwise. 


94  WtSCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

Mrs.  John  G.  McMynn,  Madison. — Of  class  graduating  under  the  in- 
struction  of  John  G.  McMynn  from  Racine  high  school,  Dec.  24,  1857 — 
the  first  to  graduate  in  Wisconsin. 

E.  S.  Meany,  Seattle,  Wash. — Colored  lithograph  of  building  of  the 
state  of  Washington,  at  the  World's  Fair,  1893. 

Duane  Motcry,  Milwaukee. — Photograph  of  invention  patented  by 
Heman  Deering,  Reedsburg,  for  champs  and  sewing  horse  for  har- 
ness-maker, in  1888. 

Old  Settlers'  Club,  Milwaukee. — Of  bronze  tablet  (24x40  in.)  placed 
in  the  present  court  house  of  Milwaukee  by  said  club  in  1900,  to  com- 
memorate the  location  of  first  county  buildings  (1836-70)  on  the  same 
site. 

Providence  (R.  I.)  Public  Library. — Of  Providence  Public  Library: 
reference  room,  periodical  room,  interior  of  stack  house,  and  lecture 
room. 

Mrs.  W.  T.  Pugh,  Madison. — Of  Wisconsin  assembly,  1891. 

R.  O.  Thwaites.  Madison. — Of  Gov.  Edward  Scofield,  1900;  of  James 
D.  Butler,  1895;  of  Andrew  C.  McLaughlin,  Ann  Arbor,  Mich.,  1900;  of 
Alfred  C.  Clas,  Milwaukee,  1900;  of  Charles  Francis  Adams,  Boston, 
1900;  of  James  K.  Hosmer,  Minneapolis,  1900;  of  Augustin  Grignon, 
fur-trader,  from  oil  painting  in  museum  of  the  society;  of  articles 
used  in  Wisconsin  fur  trade,  in  the  museum  of  the  society;  of  articles 
from  Grignon- Porlier  fur  trade  post,  Butte  des  Morts;  of  Daniel  Web- 
ster's carriage  in  the  society's  museum;  two  half-tones  of  Mrs.  John  H. 
Kinzie  (author  of  Wau  Bun) ,  one  from  crayon  sketch  made  from  G.  P. 
A.  Healy's  oil  portrait,  1855 — second,  a  photograph  of  same  portrait; 
two  halftones  of  John  H.  Kinzie,  from  G.  P.  A.  Healy's  oil  portrait; 
two  other  photographs  of  Mrs.  Kinzie,  from  which  was  made  the  photo- 
gravure serving  as  an  illustration  to  the  Caxton  Club's  reprint  of 
WaU'Bun,   1901. 

A.  J.  Turner,  Portage. — Of  Wisconsin  assemblies  of  1863,  1866,  and 
1869. 

Ellis  B.  Usher,  La  Crosse. — 127  photographs  of  prominent  people, 
many  of  them  Wisconsin  citizens;  39  proofs  of  half-tone  portraits  of 
similar  character. 

C.  B.  B.  Wright,  Mihcaukee. — Two  engravings  of  Bishop  Isaac  L. 
Nicholson,  of  Milwaukee. 

Purchased. — Of  Fox  chief,  Keokuk;  of  Gen.  William  S.  Harney,  from 
engraving;  of  Black  Hawk,  from  oil  portrait  by  R.  M.  Sully;  of  Wil- 
liam S.  Hamilton;  of  Wisconsin  assembly,  1899-1900;  of  Wisconsin  sen- 
ate, 1899-1900;  of  American  Library  Association,  taken  Monday  after- 
noon, July  8,  1901,  at  the  east  front  of  society's  building;  of  group  of 
Dane  County  bar,  1887-90;  of  Kaskaskia,  III.,  and  vicinity  (14),  taken 
in  1900  by  Rev.  J.  G.  Miller,  rector  of  St.  Martin's  church,  Chester,  111. 


MISCELLANEOUS   ACCESSIONS.  9d 

MEDALS,    MONEY,     AND    BONDS. 

S.  M.  Bahcock,  Madison.— Dies,  made  by  Spink  &  Son,  London,  from 
which  was  cast  the  medal  presented  to  him  by  the  legislature  of 
Wisconsin  in  1901. 

M.  0.  L.  Geer,  Phoenix,  Ariz. — Bronze  medal  commemorative  of  dedi- 
cation of  Arizona  capitol  at  Phoenix,  Feb.  25,  1901. 

Miss  Annie  Kavanaugh,  Washington,  D.  C. — Medal  commemorating 
the  hundredth  anniversary  of  the  establishment  of  the  seat  of  govern- 
ment in  the  District  of  Columbia,  December  12,  1900. 

F.  H.  Lyman.  Kenosha. — Bronze  medal  issued  by  Fred  S.  Lovell  Post, 
G.  A.  R.,  Kenosha,  to  commemorate  Z.  G.  Simmons,  of  Kenosha,  who 
gave  to  that  city  the  Gilbert  M.  Simmons  Memorial  Library  and  the 
Kenosha  County  Soldiers'  Monument. 

Mrs.  J.  R.  McCullough,  Chicago. — Confederate  $5  bill. 

Charles  If.  Ross.  Milwaukee.— Bond  of  the  Irish  (Fenian)  Republic 
for  $10,  1865. 

E.  B.  Usher.  La  Crosse. — Certificate  for  $1,  issued  by  the  city  of 
La  Crosse,  March  25,  1858. 

Unknown. — Piece  of  Cuban  money,  200  pesos. 

HISTORICAL  RELICS. 

Irving  J.  Beule.  Madison. —  (On  deposit.)  Cavalryman's  gun,  carried 
in  War  of  Secession. 

E.  A.  Birge,  Madison. — Two  pieces  of  iron  from  the  Beaver  Island 
"castle"  of  James  J.  Strang,  the  Mormon  prophet. 

Mrs.  L.  E.  Catlin,  Elizabeth.  N.  J. — Saucer  made  from  a  beam  of  old 
English  oak  removed  from  the  former  residence  of  Elias  Boudinot,  first 
president  of  congress.  The  house  is  still  in  good  preservation  at 
Elizabeth,  N.  J.,  and  is  used  as  a  Home  for  Aged  Women. 

Custodians  of  Lincoln  Home.  Springfield,  III. — Piece  of  wall  paper 
from  the  bedroom  of  Abraham  Lincoln's  house,  at  Springfield,  111.,  at 
the  time  he  was  elected  to  the  presidency. 

John  Luchsinger,  Monroe. — A  piece  of  walnut  rail  in  the  court  room 
at  Monroe,  where  James  R.  Vineyard,  of  Grant  county,  was  tried  for 
the  killing  of  Charles  C.  P.  Arndt,  of  Brown  county,  in  the  Wisconsin 
council  chamber  at  Madison,  Feb.  11,  1842.  The  building  was  demol- 
ished in  June,  1900. 

H.  S.  Upaulding,  S.  J.,  Omaha,  Nebr. — Stone  taken  from  the  tower  of 
the  cathedral  of  Laon,  the  birthplace  of  Father  Jacques  Marquette. 

Miss  Margaret  Verplanck.  Milwaukee. —  (On  deposit.)  Hand-quilted 
silk  petticoat  (1785),  inherited  from  Miss  Verplanck's  grandmother, 
Elizabeth  van  Dalfsen  Verplanck. 

W.  R.  Wescott,  West  Bend. — Flag  presented  to  Co.  D,  12lh  reg.  Wis. 
vol.  inf.   (Col.  Geo.  E.  Bryant)  by  the  women  of  West  Bend,  Washing- 


g5  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETV. 

ton  CO.,  in  Nov.,  1861.  It  was  carried  by  the  company  to  the  front, 
being  retained  by  them  until  the  siege  of  Vicksburg  in  1863,  when  it 
was  returned  to  West  Bend  for  safe  keeping. 

Purchased. — The  following  articles  illustrative  of  the  Wisconsin  fur 
trade,  nearly  all  of  them  from  the  old  trading  post  of  Augustin  GrignoD 
and  Louis  B.  Porller,  at  Butte  des  Morts:  Epaulette  worn  by  Augustit 
Grignon  while  in  the  British  service  in  Wisconsin,  with  box  in  which 
the  pair  were  kept;  birchwood  pestle  and  mortar  for  grinding  corn, 
probably  made  by  Menomonees;  toy  clubs  and  dart,  for  children,  prob- 
ably made  by  Menomonees;  fire  crane,  with  hand-made  chains;  walk- 
ing cane  owned  by  Augustin  Grignon;  Grignon's  frying  pan;  pair  of 
silver^mounted  duelling  pistols  carried  by  Charles  de  Langlade,  first 
permanent  white  settler  in  Wisconsin  (about  1750) ;  two  bullet 
moulds  (single,  and  with  46  holes) ;  lock  of  the  Butte  des  Morts  trad- 
ing post  (1831);  two  powder  horns;  iron  spear-head;  iron  hatchet, 
with  handle;  broken  sword,  with  elk-iiorn  handle;  iron  adze,  such  as 
was  sold  to  the  Indians  at  the  post;  band  and  baby's  cap,  probably 
made  by  Menomonees,  in  use  of  family  of  Louis  B.  Porlier;  candle 
stick  and  snuffers,  with  snuff-tray;  bag  of  flint  chips,  for  use  in  flint- 
lock fire-arms;  piece  of  lead  used  in  latter  days  of  Indian  trade,  as 
material  lor  bullets;  Indian  cradle  (probably  Menomonee  make),  long 
in  family  of  Louis  B.  Porlier;  three  iron-barbed  fish  spear-heads,  sold 
to  Indians  at  this  post;  package  of  vermillion  sold  to  Indians  for  face- 
paintiiig;  specimens  of  the  brass  finger-rings  sold  to  Indians;  bear- 
trap  formerly  used  in  connection  with  the  trading  station;  steel-yards 
formerly  used  at  the  post;  meat-grille  used  at  the  post;  and  set  of 
andirons. 

MtSCELLANEOUS. 

John  Bahler,  Mt.  Pleasant. — Mastodon's  tooth,  found  buried  in  the 
mud  under  about  four  feet  of  water,  in  Little  Sugar  River,  on  Rudy 
Freitag's  farm,  Mt.  Pleasant  township,  Green  county,  by  John  Babler. 

Mrs.  L.  E.  Cailin,  Elizabeth,  N.  J. — Small  platinum  plate,  impres- 
sion upon  which  shows  the  Home  for  Aged  Women,  Elizabeth,  N.  J., 
as  it  now  appears. 

J.  M.  Hixon,  La  Crosse. — Chippewa  birch-bark  canoe. 

Joseph  Jastrow,  Madison. — Programmes  and  invitations  issued  in  con- 
nection with  the  King  Alfred  millenary  commemoration  at  Winches- 
ter, England.  Sept.  18-20,  1901. 

Charles  Smith,  New  Richmond. — Handbill  addressed  to  "Patriots  of 
St.  Croix,"  dated  Hudson,  April  23,  1861,  calling  for  volunteers  for 
Hudson  City  Guards,  for  service  in  War  of  Secession. 

Ellis  B.  Usher,  La  Crosse. — Memorabilia  connected  with  convention 
of  American  Bankers'  Association  in  Milwaukee,  Oct.  15-17,  1901. 

Unknown. — Poster  issued  in  celebration  of  Mexican  independence. 


PfeRIODICALS   AND    N£WSl^APERS   RfeCfelVEt).  97 


PERIODICALS   AND    NEWSPAPERS   REGULARLY   RECEIVED    AT 

THE   LIBRARY   OF  THE   STATE   HISTORICAL  SOCIETY 

OF  WISCONSIN 

JCorrected  to  January  1,  1902] 

PERIODICALS. 

Academy,     (w)     London. 

Acadiensis.     (q)     St.  John,  N.  B. 

Altruist,     (m)      St.  Louis. 

Alumni  Report,     (m)     Philadelphia. 

American  Anthropologist,     (q)     New  York. 

American   Antiquarian,     (bi-m)     Chicago. 

American  Catholic  Historical  Researches,     (q)     Philadelphia. 

American  Catholic  Historical  Society,  Records,     (q)     Philadelphia. 

American  Catholic  Quarterly  Review.     Philadelphia. 

American  Churchman,     (m)     Fond  du  Lac,  Wis. 

American  Economic  Association,  Publications.    New  York. 

American  Economist,     (w)     New  York. 

American  Federationist.     (m)     Washington. 

American  Geographical   Societj',   Bulletin,     (q.)     New    York. 

American  Historical  Magazine,     (q)     Nashville. 

American  Historical  Review,     (q)     New  York. 

American  Issue,     (m)     Columbus. 

American  Journal  of  Archaeology,     (bi-m)     Norwood,  Mass. 

American  Lumberman,     (w)     Chicago. 

American  Missionary,     (q)     New  York. 

American  Monthly   Magazine.     Washington. 

American  Philosophical   Society  Proceedings.     Philadelphia. 

American  Pressman,     (m)     St.  Louis. 

American  School  Board  Journal,     (m)     Milwaukee. 

American  Statistical  Association.     Publications,     (q)     Boston. 

American  Thresherman.     (m)     Madison. 

American  Trade,     (s-m)     Philadelphia. 

Amherst  College  Library,  Quarterly  Bulletin.     Amherst,  Mass. 

Anishinabe  Enamiad.     (m)     Harbor  Springs,  Mich. 

Annals  of  Iowa,     (q)     Des  Moines. 

Annals  of  St.  Joseph,     (m)     West  De  Pere. 

Annals  of  the  American  Academy,     (bi-m)     Philadelphia. 

Antiquary,     (m)     London. 

Arena,     (m)     Boston. 

Athenaeum,     (w)     London. 


98  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

Atlantic  Monthly.     Boston. 

Avery  Notes  and  Queries,     (q)     Cleveland. 

Baltimore  &  Ohio  Ry.  Co.,  Relief  Dept.     Statement  of  disbursements. 

(m)     Baltimore. 
Bible  Society  Record,     (m)     New  York. 
Biblia.     (m)     Meriden,  Conn. 
Bibliotheca  Sacra,     (q)     Oberlin,  Ohio. 
Blackwood's   Magazine,     (m)     Edinburgh. 
Board  of  Trade  Journal,     (m)     Portland,   Me. 
Boiler  Makers'  and  Iron  Ship  Builders'  Journal,     (m)     Kansas  City, 

Kansas. 
Book  Buyer,     (m)     New  York. 
Book  Reviews,     (m)     New  York. 
Bookman,     (m)     New  York. 
Bookseller,     (m)     Chicago. 
Bookseller,     (m)     London. 

Boston  Book  Co.,  Bulletin  of  Bibliography,     (q) 
Boston  Ideas,      (w) 

Boston  Public  Library,  Monthly  Bulletin. 

Brotherhood  of  Locomotive  Engineers'  Journal,     (m)     Cleveland. 
Browning,  King  and  Co.'s  Monthly  Magazine.     Milwaukee. 
Buchdrucker-Zeitung.     (w)      Indianapolis. 

Buenos  Ayres   (S.  A.)   Monthly  Bulletin  of  Municipal  Statistics. 
Bulletin,     (m)     Evansville. 
Bulletin,     (m)     Nashville. 

Bureau  of  American  Republics,  Monthly  Bulletin.     Washington. 
By  the  Wayside,     (m)     Madison. 

California  State  Library,  Quarterly  Bulletin.     Sacramento. 
Cambridge    (Mass.)    Public  Library  Bulletin,     (m) 
Camp  Cleghorn  Assembly  Herald,     (m)     Waupaca. 
Canadian  Bookseller,     (m)     Toronto. 
Canadian  Magazine,     (m)     Toronto. 
Canadian  Patent  Office  Record,     (m)     Ottawa. 
Carnegie  Library,  Monthly  Bulletin.     Pittsburgh. 
Carpenter,     (m)     Philadelphia. 
Catholic  World,     (m)     New  York. 
Century,     (m)     New  York. 
Charities,     (w)     New  York. 
Chicago,  Statistics  of  City  of.     (bi-m) 
Christian  Register,     (w)     Boston. 
Christian  Science  Journal,     (m)     Boston. 
Christian   Science   Sentinel,     (w)     Boston. 
Church  News,     (m)     St.  Louis. 
Church  Times,     (m)     Milwaukee. 


PERIODICALS   AND    NEWSPAPERS    RECEIVED.  9 

Cigar  Makers'  Official  Journal,     (m)     Chicago. 

Cleveland    Terminal    &    Valley   Ry.    Co.,    Relief    Dept.    Statement    of 

Receipts  and  Disbursements. 
Clinique.     (m)     Chicago. 

Coast  Seamen's  Journal,     (w)     San  Francisco. 
College  Chips,     (m)     Decorah,  Iowa. 
Columbia  University  Quarterly.    New  York. 

Columbia  University.     Studies  in  Political  Science.     New  York. 
Commons,     (m)     Chicago. 

Comptes  Rendus  de  I'Athenee  Louisianais.     (m)     New  Orleans. 
Connecticut  Magazine,     (m)     Hartford. 
Conservative,     (w)     Nebraska  City,   Nebr. 
Contemporary  Review,     (m)     London. 
Cook's  Excursionist,     (m)     New  York. 
Co-operator,     (w)     Burley,  Wash. 
Cosmopolitan,     (m)     New  York. 
Cosmopolitan  Osteopath,     (m)      Des  Moines. 
Criterion,     (m)     New  York. 
Critic,     (m)     New  York. 
Current  History,     (q)     Buffalo. 
Dedham  Historical  Register,     (q)      Dedham,  Mass. 
Deutsch-Amerikanische  Geschichtsblatter.     (m)     Chicago. 
Dial,     (s-m)     Chicago. 

Dietetic  and  Hygienic  Gazette,     (m)     New  York. 
Discontent,     (w)     Home,  Wash. 
Dover  (N.  H.)  Public  Library  Bulletin. 
Dublin  Review,     (q)     Dublin. 
Edinburgh  Review,     (q)     Edinburgh. 
English  Historical  Review,     (q)     London. 
Era.     (m)     Philadelphia. 
Essex  Antiquarian,     (m)     Salem,  Mass. 
Essex  Institute  Historical  Collections,     (q)     Salem,  Mass. 
Evangelical  Episcopalian,     (m)     Chicago. 
Evangeliets  Sendebud.     (m)     Battle  Creek,  Mich. 
Evangelisk  Luthersk  Kirketidende.     (w)      Decorah,  Iowa. 
Fame,     (m)     New  York. 
Flaming  Sword,     (w)     Chicago. 
Folk  Lore,     (q)     London. 
Forester,     (m)     Washington. 
Fortnightly  Review,     (m)     London. 
Forum,     (m)     New  York. 
Fourth  Estate,     (w)     New  York. 
Free  Russia,     (w)     London. 
Free  Society,     (w)     Chicago. 


'00  Wisconsin  historical  socitrV. 

Friends'  Intelligencer  and  Journal,     (w)     Philadelphia. 

Genealogical  Advertiser,     (q)     Cambridge,  Mass. 

Genealogical  Quarterly  Magazine.     Salem,  Mass. 

Gideon  Quarterly.     Madison. 

Good  Government,     (q)     New  York. 

Granite  Cutter's  Journal,     (m)     Boston. 

Grant  Family  Magazine,     (bi-m)     Montclair,  N.  J. 

Hale  House  Log.     (bi-m)     Boston. 

Harper's  Magazine,     (m)     New  York. 

Harper's  Weekly.     New  York. 

Hartford  Seminary  Record,     (q)     Hartford,  Conn. 

Harvard  University  Calendar,     (w)     Cambridge,  Mass. 

Helping  Hand,     (m)     Ashland. 

Hiram  House  Life,     (bi-m)     Cleveland. 

Historic  Quarterly.    Manchester,  N.  H. 

Hoard's  Dairyman,     (w)     Fort  Atkinson. 

Home  Missionary,     (q)     New  York. 

Home  Visitor,     (m)     Chicago. 

Illustrated  London  News,     (w)     London. 

Illustrated  Official  Journal   (Patents),     (w)     London. 

Illustreret  Familie- Journal,     (w)     Minneapolis. 

Independent,     (w)     New  York. 

Index  and  Review,     (m)     Washington. 

Index  Library,     (q)     Birmingham,  Eng. 

Indiana  Bulletin  of  Charities  and  Correction,     (q)     Indianapolis. 

Indremissiona;ren.     (bi-m)     La  Crosse. 

Industrial  Freedom,     (w)     Equality,  Wash. 

International  Good  Templar,     (m)     Milwaukee. 

International  Monthly.    Burlington,  Vt. 

International  Socialist  Review,     (m)     Chicago. 

International  Wood-Worker,     (m)     Chicago. 

Iowa  Historical  Record,     (q)     Iowa  City. 

Iowa  Masonic  Library,  Quarterly  Bulletin.     Cedar  Rapids. 

Iron  Moulders'  Journal,     (m)     Cincinnati. 

Jerseyman.     (q)     Flemington,  N.  J. 

Johns  Hopkins  University  Circulars,     (m)     Baltimore. 

Johns  Hopkins  University  Studies.     Baltimore. 

Journal  of  American  Folk-Lore,     (q)     Boston. 

Journal  of  Cincinnati  Society  of  Natural  History,     (q)     Cincinnati. 

Journal  of  Political  Economy,     (q)     Chicago. 

Journal  of  the  Franklin  Institute,     (m)     Philadelphia. 

Journal  of  the  Switchmen's  Union,     (m)     Omaha. 

Journal  of  Zoophily.     (m)     Philadelphia. 

Kansas  City  (Mo.)   Public  Library,  Quarterly. 


PERIODICALS   AND   NEWSPAPERS   RECEIVED.  lOI 

Kansas  University  Quarterly.     Lawrence. 

Kimball  Family  News,     (m)     Topeka,  Kan. 

Kingsley  House  Record,     (m)     Pittsburg. 

Kodak,     (m)     Milwaukee. 

I^amp.     (m)     Oshkosh. 

Leaves  of  Healing,     (w)     Chicago. 

Lewisiana.     (m)     Guilford,  Conn. 

Library,     (q)     London. 

Library  Journal,     (m)     New  York. 

Library  Record:    Bulletin   of  Jersey   City    (N.   J.)    Public   Library. 

(bi-m) 
Light,     (m)     La  Crosse. 
Literary  Digest,     (w)     New  York. 
I/iterary  News,     (m)     New  York. 
Littell's  Living  Age.     (w)     Boston. 
Living  Church  Quarterly.     Milwaukee. 
Locomotive,     (m)     Hartford,  Conn. 
Locomotive  Firemen's  Magazine,     (m)     Peoria,  111. 
Lost  Cause,     (m)     Louisville,  Ky. 

Lower  Norfolk  County  Virginia  Antiquary.     Richmond 
Lucifer,     (w)     Chicago. 
Lutheraneren.     (w)     Minneapolis. 
McClure's  Magazine,     (m)     New  York. 
Macmillan's  Magazine,     (m)     London. 
Maine  Historical  Society,  Collections,     (q)     Portland. 
Manitoba  Gazette,     (w)     Winnipeg. 
Masonic  Tidings,     (m)     Milwaukee. 
Mayflower  Descendant,     (a)     Boston. 
Medford   (Mass.)   Historical  Register,     (q) 
Methodist  Review,     (bi-m)     New  York. 
Michigan,  Dairy  and  Food  Dept.,  Bulletin,     (m)     Lansing. 
Milton  College  Review,     (m)     Milton. 
Milwaukee  Health  Department,  Monthly  Report. 
Milwaukee  Medical  Journal,     (m) 

Milwaukee  Public  Library,  Quarterly  Index  of  Additions. 
Milwaukee  School  Board  Proceedings. 

Minnesota  Bulletin  of  Charities  and  Corrections,     (q)     St.  Paul. 
Missionary  Herald,     (m)     Boston. 
Money,     (m)     New  York. 
Monona  Lake  Quarterly.     Madison. 
Monthly   Journal   of    the    International   Association    of   Machinists. 

Washington. 
Monthly  South  Dakotan.    Sioux  Falls. 
Motor,     (m)     Madison. 


102  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

Municipal  Affairs,     (q)     New  York. 
Municipality,     (bi-m)     Madison. 
Munsey's  iviagazine.     (m)     New  York. 
Nation,     (w)     New  York. 

National  Assoc,  of  Wool  Manufacturers,  Bulletin,     (q)     Boston. 
National  Bulletin  of  Charities  and  Correction,     (q)     Chicago. 
National  Glass  Budget,     (w)     Pittsburg. 
National  Review,     (m)     London. 
Nature  Study,     (m)     Manchester,  N.  H. 
Neighbor,     (m)     Chicago. 

New  England  Historical  and  Genealogical  Register,     (q)     Boston. 
New  England  Magazine,     (m)     Boston. 

New  Hampshire  Library  Commission,  Bulletin,     (q)     Concord. 
New  Order,     (m)     Chicago. 
New  Philosophy,     (q)     Lancaster,  Pa. 
New  York  Dept.  of  Labor,  Bulletin,     (q)     New  York. 
New  York  Genealogical  and  Biographical  Record,     (q)     New  York. 
New  York  Public  Library  Bulletin,      (m)     New  York. 
New  York  State  Board  of  Health,  Bulletin,     (m)     New  York. 
Nineteenth  Century,     (m)     London. 
Normal  Advance,     (m)     Oshkosh. 
Normal  Pointer,     (ra)     Stevens  Point. 
North  American  Review,     (m)     New  York. 
North  Carolina  Booklet,     (m)     Raleigh. 

North  Carolina  Historical  and  Genealogical  Register,     (q)     Edenton. 
Northern  Christian  Advocate,     (w)     Syracuse,  N.  Y. 
Northwest  Magazine,     (m)     St.  Paul. 
Northwestern  Miller,     (w)     Minneapolis. 
Notes  and  Queries,     (m)     London. 
Notes  and  Queries,     (m)     Manchester,  N.  H. 

Official  Journal  of  the  Brotherhood  of  Painters,  Decorators  and  Paper- 
hangers  of  America,     (m)     La  Fayette,  Ind. 
Ohio  Archaeological  and  Historical  Quarterly.     Columbus. 
"Old  Northwest"  Genealogical  Quarterly.     Columbus. 
Oneida.     Oneida  Reservation. 
Oregon  Historical  Society,  Quarterly.    Portland. 
Our  Church  Life,     (m)     Elroy. 
Our  Day.     (m)     Chicago. 
Outlook,     (w)     New  York. 
Overland  Monthly.     San  Francisco. 
Owl.     (m)     Kewaunee. 
Painters'  Journai.     (m)     La  Fayette,  Ind. 
Pattern  Makers'  Journal,     (m)     Philadelphia. 
Pennsylvania  Magazine  of  History,     (q)     Philadelphia.' 


PERIODICALS    AND   NEWSPAPERS    RECEIVED.  IO3 

People's  Press,     (w)     Chicago. 

Philadelphia  Library  Company,  Quarterly  Bulletin. 

Philadelphia  Mercantile  Library,  Bulletin,     (q) 

Philippine  Review,     (m)     New  York. 

Philosopher,     (m)     Wausau. 

Pilgrim  of  Our  Lady  of  Martyrs,     (m)     New  York. 

Pittsburg  &  Western  Ry.  Co.,  Relief  Dept.,  Statement  of  Receipts  and 

Disbursements,     (m) 
Political  Science  Quarterly.    New  York. 
Pratt  Institute  Monthly.     Brooklyn. 

Presbyterian  and  Reformed  Review,     (q)     Philadelphia. 
Princeton  (N.  J.)  University  Bulletin,     (m) 
Providence  (R.  I.)  Public  Library,  Cooperative  Bulletin,     (m 
Public,     (w)     Chicago. 
Public  Libraries,     (m)     Chicago. 
Public  Library  Bulletin,     (m)     Boston. 
Public  Opinion,     (w)     New  York. 
Publishers'  Weekly.     New  York. 
Quarterly  Review.    London. 
Queen's  Quarterly.     Kingston,  Ont. 
Railroad  Telegrapher,     (m)     Peoria,  111. 
Railway  Conductor,     (m)     Cedar  Rapids,  Iowa. 
Recherches  Historiques,  Bulletin,     (m)     Levis,  Can. 
Record  and  Guide,     (w)     New  York. 
Records  of  the  Past,     (m)     Washington. 
Retail  Clerks'  International  Advocate,     (m)     Denver. 
Review  of  Reviews,     (m)     New  York. 
Revue  Canadienne.     (m)     Montreal. 
Revue  Medicale.     (w)     Quebec. 

Rhode  Island  Historical  Society,  Publications,     (q)     Providence. 
Round  Table,     (m)     Beloit. 
St.  Andrew's  Cross,     (m)     New  York. 
Salem  (Mass.)  Public  Library,  Bulletin,     (m) 
Salvation,     (m)     New  York. 
San  Francisco  Public  Library,  Bulletin,     (m) 
Sanitary  Inspector,     (q)     Augusta,  Me. 
Saturday  Evening  Post,     (w)     Philadelphia. 
Savings  and  Loan  Review,     (m)     New  York. 
Scottish  Record  Society,     (q)     Edinburgh. 
Scribner's  Magazine,     (m)     New  York. 
Sentinel  of  Liberty,     (w)     Chicago. 
Sewanee  Review,     (m)     Sewanee,  Tenn. 
Skandinavisk  Farmer- Journal,     (m)     Minneapolis, 
Social  Crusader,     (m)     Chicago. 


I04  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY. 

Socialist  Spirit,     (m)     Chicago. 

Sound  Currency,     (s-m)     New  Yorlc. 

South  Carolina  Historical  and  Genealogical  Magazine,   (q)   Charleston. 

Southern  History  Association  Publications,     (q)     Washington. 

Southern  Letter,     (m)     Tuskegee,  Ala. 

Southern  Mercury,     (w)     Dallas,  Texas. 

Southern  Missioner.     (m)     Lawrenceville,  Va. 

Sphinx,     (bi-w)     Madison. 

Spirit  of  Missions,     (m)     New  York. 

Standard,     (w)     Chicago. 

Stone-cutters'  Journal,     (m)     Washington. 

Sunset,     (m)     San  Francisco. 

Tailor,     (m.)     Bloomington,  111. 

Temperance  Cause,     (m)     Boston. 

Texas  State  Historical  Association  Quarterly.     Austin. 

Trackmen's  Advance  Advocate,     (m)     St.  Louis. 

Tradesman,     (s-m)     Chattanooga,  Tenn. 

Transalleghany  Historical  Magazine,     (q)     Morgantown,  W.  Va. 

Travelers'  Record,     (m)     Hartford,  Conn. 

Typographical  Journal,     (m)     Indianapolis. 

Union  Label  Bulletin,     (s-m)     Chicago. 

Unionist,     (m)     Green  Bay. 

U.  S.  Census  Bulletin. 

U.  S.  Commerce  of  Island  of  Cuba,  Monthly  Summary. 

U.  S.  Commerce  of  fhe  Island  of  Puerto  Rico,  Monthly  Summary. 

U.  S.  Commerce  of  the  Philippine  Islands,  Monthly  Summary. 

U.  S.  Dept.  of  Agriculture,  Climate  and  Crop  service,  Oregon  Section. 

(m) 
U.  S.  Dept.  of  Agriculture,  Climate  and  Crop  Service,  Wisconsin  Sec- 
tion,    (w  and  m) 
U.  S.  Dept.  of  Agriculture,  Experiment  Station  Record. 
U.  S.  Dept.  of  Agriculture,  Library  Bulletin,     (m) 
U.  S.  Dept.  of  Agriculture,  Monthly  Weather  Review. 
U.  S.  Dept.  of  Labor,  Consular  Reports,     (m) 
U.  S.  Dept.  of  State,  Consular  Reports,     (m) 
U.  S.  Patent  Office,  Official  Gazette,     (w) 

U.  S.  Treasury  Dept.,  Monthly  Summary  of  Commerce  and  Finance, 
University  of  Tennessee  Record,     (q)     Knoxville. 
Vaccination,     (m)     Terre  Haute,  Ind. 
Views,     (m)     Washington. 

Virginia  Magazine  of  History  and  Biography,     (q)     Richmond. 
Wage  Earners'  Self -Culture  Clubs,     (m)     St.  Louis. 
Wage  Worker,     (m)     Detroit. 
.  Washington  Historian,     (q)     Tacoma,  Wash. 


PERIODICALS   AND   NEWSPAPERS   RECEIVED.  IO5 

West  Virginia  Historical  Magazine,     (q)     Charleston. 

Westminster  Review,     (m)     London. 

Whist,     (m)     Milwaukee. 

William  and  Mary  College  Quart.  Hist.  Magazine.    Williamsburg,  Va. 

Wilshire^s  Monthly  Magazine.     New  York. 

Wisconsin  Alumni  Magazine,     (m)     Madisou. 

Wisconsin  Archaeologist,     (q)     Milwaukee. 

Wisconsin  Citizen,     (m)     Brodhead. 

Wisconsin  Druggist's  Exchange,     (m)     Janesville. 

Wisconsin  Horticulturist,     (m)     Baraboo. 

Wisconsin  Journal  of  Education,     (m)     Madison. 

Wisconsin  Medical  Recorder,     (m)     Janesville. 

Wisconsin  Natural  History  Society,  Bulletin,     (q)     Milwaukee. 

Woman's  Tribune,     (s-m)     Washington. 

Worker,     (w)     New  York. 

World's  Work,     (m)     New  York. 

Young  Churchman,     (w)     Milwaukee. 

Young  Eagle,     (m)     Sinsinawa. 

Young  Socialist,     (m)     Equality,  Wash. 

WISCONSIN   NEWSPAPERS. 

The  following  Wisconsin  newspapers  are,  through  the  gift  of  the 
publishers,  now  received  at  the  library  and  bound;  all  of  them  are 
weekly  editions,  except  where  otherwise  noted: 

Albany — Albany  Vindicator. 

Algoma — Algoma  Record. 

Aima — Buffalo  County  Journal. 

Antigo — Antigo  Herold;  Antigo  Republican;  Weekly  News  Item. 

Appleton — Appleton  Crescent  (d  and  w)  ;  Appleton  Volksfreund;  Ap- 
pleton  Weekly  Post;  Gegenwart;  Montags-Blatt. 

Arca(Zia— Arcadian ;  Leader. 

Ashland — Ashland  Daily  Press;  Ashland  News  (d) ;  Ash'and  Weekly 
Press. 

Augusta — Eagle. 

Baldwin — Baldwin  Bulletin. 

Baraboo — Baraboo  Republic;   Sauk  County  Democrat. 

Barron — Barron  County  Shield. 

Bayfield — Bayfield  County  Press. 

Beaver  Dam — Beaver  Dam  Argus;  Dodge  County  Citizen. 

Belleville — Sugar  River  Recorder. 

Belmont — Belmont  Bee. 

Beloit — Beloit  Free  Press   (d  and  w). 

Benton — Benton  Advocate. 

Berlin — Berlin  Weekly  Journal. 


I06  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

Black  River  Falls — Badger  State  Banner;  Jackson  County  Journal. 

Bloomer — Bloomer  Advance. 

Bloomington — Bloomington  Record. 

Boscobel — Boscobel  Sentinel;   Dial-Enterprise. 

Brandon — Brandon  Times. 

Brodhead — Brodhead  Independent;  Brodhead  Register. 

Brooklyn — Brooklyn  News. 

Burlington — Standard  Democrat   (German  and  English  editions). 

Cambria — Cambria  News. 

Cassville — Cassville  Index. 

Cedarburg — Cedarburg  News. 

Chetek — Chetek  Alert. 

Chilton — Chilton  Times. 

Chippewa  Falls — Catholic  Sentinel;  Chippewa  Times;  Weekly  Herald. 

Clinton — Clinton  Herald;  Rock  County  Banner. 

Colby — Phonograph. 

Columbus — Columbus  Democrat. 

Crandon — Forest  Republican. 

Cumberland — Cumberland  Advocate. 

Dale — Dale  Recorder. 

Darlington — Darlington  Democrat;  Republican- Journal. 

Be  Forest — De  Forest  Times. 
'   Delavan — Delavan  Enterprise;  Delavan  Republican;  Wisconsin  Times. 

De  Pere — Brown  County  Democrat;  De  Pere  News. 

Dodgeville — Dodgeville    Chroilicle;     Dodgeville    Sun;     Iowa    County 
Republic. 

Durand — Entering  Wedge;  Pepin  County  Courier. 

Eagle  River — Vilas  County  News. 

Eau  Claire — Telegram     (d  and  w) ;     Weekly    Free    Press;     Weekly 
Leader. 

Edgerton — Wisconsin  Tobacco  Reporter. 

Elkhorn — Blade;   Elkhorn  Independent. 

Ellsivorth — Pierce  County  Herald, 

Elroy — Elroy  Tribune. 

Evansville — Badger;  Enterprise;  Evansville  Review;  Tribune. 

Fennimore — Fennimore  Times. 

Florence — Florence  Mining  News. 

Fond  du  Lac — Commonwealth  (s-w) ;  Daily  Reporter. 

Fort  Atkinson — Jefferson  County  Union. 

Fountain  City — Alma  Blaetter;   Buffalo  County  Republikaner. 

Friendship — Adams  County  Press. 

Grand  Rapids — Grand  Rapids  Tribune;  Wood  County  Reporter. 

Grantsburg — Burnett  County  Sentinel;  Journal  of  Burnett  County. 

Green  Bay — Green  Bay  Advocate   (s-w);   Green  Bay  Review;   Green 
Bay  Semi-Weekly  Gazette. 


PERIODICALS   AND    NEWSPAPERS    RECEIVED.  IO7 

Greenicood — Greenwood  Gleaner. 
Hancock — Hancock  News. 
Hartford — Hartford  Press. 

Hudson — Hudson  Star-Times;  True  Republican. 
Hurley — Iron  County  Republican;   Montreal  River  Miner. 
Independence — Independence  News  Wave. 
Janesville — Janesville  Daily  Gazette;  Recorder  and  Times. 
Jefferson — Jefferson  Banner. 
Juneau — Independent;  Juneau  Telephone. 
Kaukauna — Kaukauna  Sun;  Kaukauna  Times. 

Kenosha — Kenosha  Evening  News  (d) ;  Kenosha  Union;  Telegraph- 
Courier. 
Kewaunee — Kewaunee  Enterprise;  Kewaunske  Listy. 
Kilhourn — Mirror-Gazette. 

La  Crosse — La  Crosse  Chronicle  (d  and  w) ;  La  Crosse  Daily  Press; 
Herold  and  Volksfreund;  Nord-Stern;  Nord-Stern  Blatter;  Republican 
and  Leader  (d). 

Ladysmith — Weekly  Journal. 
Lake  Geneva — Herald. 
Lake  Mills — Lake  Mills  Leader. 
Lake  Nebagamon — Nabagamon  Enterprise. 
Lancaster — Grant  County  Herald;  Weekly  Teller. 
Linden — South  West  Wisconsin. 
Lodi — Lodi  Valley  New^. 

Madison — Amerika;  Daily  Cardinal;  Madison  Democrat  (d)  ;  Mandt's 
Weekly;  Northwestern  Mail;  State;  Weekly  Madisonian;  Wisconsin 
Botschafter;  Wisconsin  Farmer;  Wisconsin  Staatz-Zeitung;  Wisconsin 
State  Journal   (d  and  w). 

Manitowoc — Manitowoc  Citizen;  Manitowoc  Daily  Herald;  Manitowoc 
Pilot;   Manitowoc  Post;   Nord-Westen;  Wahrheit. 

Marinette — Eagle  (d  and  w)  ;  Forposten;  Marinette  Argus;  Marinette 
Star  (d  and  w). 

Marshfield — Marshfield  Times. 

Mauston — Juneau  County  Chronicle;  Mauston  Star. 
Medford — Taylor  County  Star  and  News;  Waldbote. 
Menomonie — Dunn  County  News;   Menomonie  Times;   Nord-Stern. 
Merrill — Merrill  Advocate;  Wisconsin  Thalbote. 
Merrillan — Wisconsin  Leader. 
Middleton — Middleton  Times- Herald. 
Milton — Weekly  Telephone. 

Milwaukee — Acker-und  Gartenbau-Zeitung  (s-m);  Catholic  Citizen; 
Columbia;  Evangelisch-Lutherische  Gemeinde-Blatt  (sm);  Evening 
Wisconsin  (d);  Excelsior;  Germania  (s-w) ;  Germania  und  Abend  Post 
(d);    Kuryer  Polski    (d) :    Milwaukee   Daily   News;    Milwaukee   Free 


I08  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

Press  (d);  Milwaukee  Herold  (s-w  and  d);  Milwaukee  Journal  (d); 
Milwaukee  Sentinel  (d) ;  Seebote  (s-w);  Social  Democratic  Herald; 
Union  Signal;  Vorwarts;  Wahrheit;  Wisconsin  Banner  und  Volksfreund 
(s-w);  Wisconsin  Phoenix;  Wisconsin  Weekly  Advocate. 

Mineral  Point — Iowa  County  Democrat;  Mineral  Point  Tribune. 

Minoqua — Minoqua  Times. 

Mondovi — Mondovi  Herald. 

Monroe — Journal-Gazette;    Monroe   Daily  Journal;    Monroe  Evening 
Times;  Monroe  Sentinel. 

Montello — Montello  Express. 

Mount  Horeb — Mount  Horeb  Times. 

Xecedah — Necedah  Republican. 

Neenah — Friend  and  Guide. 

Neillsville — Neillsville  Times;   Republican  and  Press. 

New  Lisbon — New  Lisbon  Times. 
-    Jfew  London — Press;  New  London  Republican. 

New  Richmond — Republican-Voice. 

North  La  Crosse — Weekly  Argus. 

Oconomowoc — Oconomowoc  Enterprise;  Wisconsin  Free  Press. 

Oconto — Herald;  Oconto  County  Reporter. 

Omro — Omro  Herald;  Omro  Journal. 

Oregon — Oregon  Observer. 

Osceola — Osceola  Sun;   Polk  County  Press. 

Oshkosh — Daily  Northwestern;  Weekly  Times;  Wisconsin  Telegraph. 

Palmyra — Palmyra  Enterprise. 

Pardeeville — Crank;  Pardeeville  Times. 

Pepin — Pepin  Star. 

Peshtigo — Peshtigo  Times. 

Phillips — Bee;  Phillips  Times. 

Pittsville — Yellow  River  Pilot. 

Plainfield — Sun. 

Platteville — Grant  County  News;   Grant  County  Witness. 

Plymouth — Plymouth  Reporter;   Plymouth  Review. 

Portage — Portage  Weekly  Democrat;  Wisconsin  State  Register. 

Port  Washington — Port  Washington  Star;  Port  Washington  Zeitung. 

Poynette — Poynette  Press. 

Prairie  du  Chien — Courier;  Union. 

Prentice — Prentice  Calumet. 

Prescott — Prescott  Tribune.  • 

Princeton — Princeton  Republic. 

Racine — Racine  Correspondent;  Racine  Journal;  Racine  Daily  Times; 
Slavie  (s-w) ;  Wisconsin  Agriculturist. 

Reedsburg — Reedsburg  Free  Press. 

Rhinelander — Rhinelander  Herald ;    Vindicator. 


tERIODldALS   ANb   NEWSPAPERS   kECfelVEt).  IDQ 

Rice  Lake — Rice  Lake  Chronotype;  Rice  Lake  Leader. 

Richland  Center — Republican  Observer;  Richland  Rustic. 

Rio — Columbia  County  Reporter. 

Bipon— Ripon  Press;  Ripon  Commonwealth. 

River  Falls — River  Falls  Journal. 

St.  Croix  Falls — St.  Croix  Valley  Standard. 

Shawano — Shawano  Folksbote. 

Sheboygan — National  Demokrat;  Sheboygan  Herald;  Sheboygan  Tel- 
egram (d);  Sheboygan  Zeitung. 

Sheboygan  FaHs— Sheboygan  County  News. 

Shell  Lake — Shell  Lake  Watchman;  Washburn  County  Register. 

Shiocton — Shiocton  News. 

Shullsburg — Pick  and  Gad;  Southwestern  Local. 

Soldiers  Grove — ^Advance. 

Sparta — Monroe  County  Democrat;  Sparta  Herald. 

Spring  Green — Weekly  Home  News. 

Stanley — Stanley  Republican. 

Stevens  Point — Gazette;  Stevens  Point  Journal. 

Stoughton — Stoughton  Courier;   Stoughton  Hub. 

Sturgeon  Bay — Advocate;  Door  County  Dei^ocrat. 

Sun  Prairie — Prairie  Sun;  Sun  Prairie  Countryman. 

Superior — Evening  Telegram  (d) ;  Inland  Ocean;  Superior  Leader 
(d) ;   Superior  Tidende;   Superior  Times;   Superior  Wave. 

Thorp — Thorp  Courier. 

Tomah — Tomah  Journal. 

Tomahawk — Tomahawk. 

Trempealeau — Trempealeau  Herald. 

Two  Rivers — Chronicle. 

Union  Grove — Union  Grove  Enterprise. 

VioZa-^Intelligencer. 

Viroqua — Vernon  County  Censor;  Viroqua  Republican. 

Warrens — Warrens  Index. 

Washburn — Washburn  Times. 

Water  ford — Water  ford  Post. 

Waterloo — ^Waterloo  Journal. 

Watertown — Watertown  Gazette;  Watertown  Republican;  Watertown 
Weltbiirger. 

Waukesha — Waukesha  Dispatch;   Waukesha  Freeman. 

Waupaca — Waupaca  Post;  Waupaca  Record;  Waupaca  Republican. 

Waupun — Waupun  Leader;  Waupun  Times. 

Wausau — Central  Wisconsin;  Deutsche  Pionier;  Wausau  Pilot;  Wau- 
sau  Record  (d  and  w). 

Wautoma — Waushara  Argus. 

West  Bend — Washington  County  Pilot;  West  Bend  Democrat. 


tto  Wisconsin  HtsTokicAL  socifeTV. 

Weyauwega — Deutsche  Chronik;   Weyauwega  Chronicle. 
Whitewater — Whitewater  Gazette;   Whitewater  Register. 
Wilmont — Agitator. 
Wonewoc — Wonewoc  Reporter. 

OTHER     NEWSPAPERS 

are  received  as  follows,  either  by  gift  or  purchase: 

Alabama. 

Birmingham — Labor  Advocate. 

Alaska. 

Sitka — Alaskan. 

Arizona. 
Phoenix — Weekly  Republican. 

Califounia. 

San  Francisco — Advance    (m);    San   Francisco  Chronicle    (d);    San 
Francisco  Tageblatt. 

Colorado. 
Denver — Colorado  Chronicle;   Weekly  Rocky  Mountain  News. 
Pueblo — Pueblo  Courier. 

Connecticut. 
New  Britain — Independent. 

District  of  Columbia. 
Washington — National  Tribune;  Washington  Post  (d). 

Georgia. 
Atlanta — Atlanta  Constitution  (d). 
Ruskin — Coming  Nation. 

Illinois. 

Chicago — Chicago-Posten ;  Chicago  Record-Herald  (d) ;  Chicago  Trib- 
une (d);  Chicagoer  Arbeiter-Zeitung  (d) ;  Christelige  Talsmand; 
Fackel;  Folke-Vennen ;  Hemlandet;  Labor  Exchange  Advertiser;  Skan- 
dinaven  (d  and  s-w) ;  Svenska  Amerikanaren;  Svenska  Nyheter;  Vor- 
bote;  Workers'  Call. 

Galesbiirg — Galesburg  Labor  News. 

Quincy — Quincy  Labor  News. 

Indiana. 
Indianapolis — Indiana  Tribiine   (d) ;  Union. 


PteRlOblCALS   ANb   NEWSPAPERS    RECEIVED.  tit 

Iowa. 

Cedar  Falls — Dannevirke. 
Decorah — Decorah-Posten  ( s-w ) . 
Des  Moines — Iowa  Unionist. 
Lake  Mills — Republikaneren. 

Kansas. 
Independence — Star  and  Kansan. 
Topeka — Kansas  Semi-weekly  Capital. 

Louisiana. 
New  Orleans — Times-Democrat  (d). 

Massachusetts. 
Boston — Boston  Herald   (d). 
Groton — Groton  Landmark. 
Holyoke — Biene. 

Michigan. 
Detroit — Herold. 
Marquette — Mining  Journal. 
Saginaw — Exponent. 

Minnesota. 

Duluth — Labor  World. 

Minneapolis — Folkebladet;  Minneapolis  Tidende;  Nye  Normanden; 
Representative ;    Ugebladet. 

St.  Paul — Canadien;  Minnesota  Stats  Tidning;  Nordvesten;  Pioneer 
Press    (d);    Twin  City  Guardian. 

Winona — Westlicher  Herold;   Sonntags-Winona.  ..    • 

Missouri. 
St.  Louis — Missouri  Socialist. 

Montana. 
Butte  City — Butte  "Weekly  Miner. 

Nebraska. 

Omaha — Danske  Pioneer. 

New  York. 

Buffalo — Arbeiter  Zeitung. 

New  York — Arbetaren;  Freiheit;  Irish  World;  New  York  Tribune 
(d) ;  New  Yorker  Volkszeitung  (d) ;  Nordiske  Blade;  Vorwarts;  Weekly 
People;   Worker. 

Troy — Troy  Advocate. 


It2  WISCONSIN    itlSTORICAL   SOCIETV. 

NouTH  Dakota. 
Grand  Forks — Normauden. 
Hillsboro — Folkets  Avis;    Statstidende. 

Ohio. 

Chillicothe — Mystic  Worker  (m). 

Cincinnati — Brauer-Zeitung;  Cincinnatier-Zeitung  (d). 
Cleveland — Arbeiter  Socialistische  Zeitung;   Bakers'  Journal;   Cleve- 
land Citizen. 

Oregon. 
Portland — Weekly  Oregonian. 

Pennsylvania. 
Erie — Public  Ownership   (m). 
Lancaster — Labor  Leader. 
Philadelphia — Farm  Journal. 
Pittsburg — National  Labor  Tribune. 

South  Carolina. 
Charleston — Weekly  News  and  Courier. 

South  Dakota. 

Sioux  Falls — Fremad;   Syd  Dakota  Ekko. 

Utah. 

Salt  Lake  City — Deseret  Semi-Weekly  News;    Public  Welfare:    Salt 
Lake  Semi-Weekly  Tribune. 

Virginia. 
Richmond — Weekly  Times. 

Washington. 

Parkland — Pacific  Herold. 

Seattle — Seattle  Times. 

Spokane — Freemen's  Labor  Journal. 

Canada. 

Montreal — Cultivateur;   Gazette   (d). 
Toronto — Daily  Mail  and  Empire. 
Victoria — Semi-Weekly  Colonist. 
Winnipeg — Manitoba  Free  Press   (d). 

England. 
London — Times  (w). 


PERIODICALS   AND   NEWSPAPERS   RECEIVED.  ll^ 

Germany. 

Frankfort — Wochenblatt  der  Frankfurter  Zeitung. 

Porto  Rico. 
San  Juan — San  Juan  News. 


Tabular  summary  of  foregoing  lists. 

Periodicals  ...........  353 

Wisconsin  newspapers  ........  332 

Other  newspapers         .........  106 

Total  ..........  791 


114  Wisconsin  kistoRiCAL  societV. 


WISCONSIN  NECROLOGY  FOR  YEAR  ENDING 
NOVEMBER  30,  1901 

By   Flokence   Elizabeth   Bakeb,   Library  Assistant. 

James  Bintliff,  born  at  Salterhebble,  near  Halifax,  Yorkshire,  Eng- 
land, November  1,  1824;  died  at  Windsor  Park,  South  Chicago,  March 
16,  1901.  In  the  spring  of  1842,  he  came  to  America;  in  1851  he  settled 
on  a  farm  in  Green  county,  Wisconsin.  Removing  to  the  village  of 
Monroe,  soon  afterward  he  was  elected  register  of  deeds;  in  1859  was 
admitted  to  the  bar;  from  1860  to  1862  he  published  the  Monroe  Sen- 
tinel. In  the  latter  year,  he  organized  Co.  G,  Twenty-second  Wiscon- 
sin infantry,  and  became  its  captain;  in  March,  1864,  was  commissioned 
colonel  of  the  Thirty-eighth  Wisconsin  volunteer  infantry,  and  in  1865 
was  breveted  brigadier  general  for  distinguished  services  at  the 
capture  of  Fort  Mahone.  From  1870  to  1883,  General  Bintliff  was  inter- 
ested in  various  newspapers  in  southern  Wisconsin.  During  1881-91 
he  was  an  efficient  member  of  the  state  board  of  control;  he  then  re- 
tired to  private  life,  devoting  himself  to  his  family  and  studies.  His 
home  was  in  Darlingion  until  1895;  he  then  moved  to  Chicago,  whore 
he  spent  the  remaining  years  of  his  life. 

William  H.  Blodgett,  born  at  Columbus,  Ind.,  March  13,  1834;  died 
at  Janesville,  Wis.,  August  27,  1901.  In  1836  his  family  came  to  Rock 
county,  Wisconsin  He  received  his  education  in  the  pioneer  schools, 
and  in  a  commercial  college  at  Chicago.  He  was  engaged  in  the  mill- 
ing business  at  Beloit  during  1857-98,  and  thereafter  at  Janesville.  At 
various  times  he  held  official  and  responsible  positions. 

Charles  L.  Catlin,  born  at  Great  Bend,  Susquehanna  county.  Pa., 
February  26,  1842;  died  at  Superior,  Wis.,  1901.  His  fam- 
ily came  to  Green  Lake,  Wis.,  in  1845,  afterward  removing  to  Hud- 
son, Wis.  His  early  education  was  obtained  in  the  Hudson  schools 
and  at  an  academy  at  Montrose,  Pa.  After  serving  throughout  the  civil 
war,  he  graduated  from  the  Columbia  college  law  school,  Washington, 
in  1867.  In  1875  he  returned  to  Wisconsin,  and  began  the  practice  of 
law  at  Hudson.  From  1881  to  1884,  he  was  assistant  solicitor  of  the 
C,  St.  P.,  M.  &  O.  railroad  at  St.  Paul;  the  rest  of  his  life  was  spent  in 
Superior,  where  "it  is  safe  to  say  that  during  his  whole  residence  no 
measure  of  public  interest  arose  that  did  not  receive  some  aid  from  his 
shaping  hand  as  a  public-spirited  citizen" — (Superior  Telegram,  Nov. 
12,  1901). 


WISCONSIN   NECROLOGY.  1  1 5 

Willard  H.  Chandler,  born  at  Brattleboro,  Vt.,  November  18,  1830; 
died  in  the  town  of  Burke,  Dane  county.  Wis.,  March  24,  1901.  In 
1854  he  came  to  Darien,  Wisconsin,  and  in  the  following  year  settled 
in  Windsor,  Dane  county,  where  he  remained  until  1869;  his  later 
years  were  spent  on  his  farm  in  the  town  of  Burke.  He  occupied 
various  minor  town  and  county  offices.  In  1861,  1862,  and  1870  he  was 
a  member  of  the  assembly,  and  during  1863-67  a  state  senator;  for  two 
terms  assistant  state  superintendent;  from  1879  to  1892,  secretary  of 
the  board  of  normal  school  regents;  and  from  1895  to  1899,  state  in- 
spector of  high  schools. 

Alexander  Lynn  Collins,  born  at  Whitestown,  Oneida  county,  N.  Y., 
March  17,  1811;  died  at  Neenah,*Wis.,  Oct  31,  1901.  His  legal  educa- 
tion was  begun  near  his  birthplace,  and'  completed  at  Cleveland,  O., 
where  he  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1834.  In  1842  he  settled  at  Madi- 
son, Wisconsin,  where  he  practiced  his  profession  until  1855;  he  then 
served  four  years  as  judge  of  the  ninth  judicial  circuit.  This  office 
he  resigned  to  engage  in  a  law  and  real  estate  business,  with  his 
brother-in-law,  the  late  Gov.  J.  D.  Doty.  In  1847  he  was  a  member  of 
the  territorial  council;  he  occupied  a  prominent  place  in  territorial 
politics,  and  was  a  typical  circuit  lawyer  of  that  time. 

Fayette  Dunlin,  born  at  Fredonia,  N.  Y.,  January  16,  1824;  died  at 
Madison,  Wis.,  Aug.  31,  1901.  Dr.  Durlin  was  graduated  at  Hamilton 
college  in  1849.  For  several  years  he  was  engaged  in  educational  work; 
in  1856  he  was  ordained  a  deacon,  and  at  once  began  his  religious  la- 
bors in  La  Crosse,  Wis.  In  June,  1857,  he  was  ordained  a  priest  by 
Bishop  Kemper;  and  thereafter  served  Episcopal  churches  at  Ripon, 
Janesville,  Milwaukee,  River  Falls,  and  Madison,  in  which  last  parish 
he  officiated  during  eighteen  years.  He  was  one  of  the  last  survivors 
of  the  missionary  band  associated  with  Bishop  Kemper  in  the  pioneer 
work  of  the  Episcopal  church  in  Wisconsin. 

Achsa  Perry  Dutton,  born  at  Batavia,  N.  Y.,  June  22,  1822;  died  at 
Racine,  Wis.,  October  31,  1901.  In  1841  he  came  to  Racine,  where  he 
was  in  business  as  a  commission  and  forwarding  merchant.  He  man- 
aged one  of  the  earliest  hotels,  built  four  elevators  and  the  first  pier, 
and  was  one  of  the  promoters  of  the  Racine,  Janesville  &  Mississippi 
railroad.  He  served  in  various  minor  city  offices,  and  was  an  officer 
in  many  associations  of  citizens.  The  Racine  Dmly  Times  says  of 
him:  "Perry  Dutton  was  a  remarkable  character  especially  on  account 
of  his  fighting  qualities;  but  to  his  credit  be  it  said  that  he  only  fought 
for  the  right,  for  the  poor,  and  the  oppressed." 

Frederick  S.  Eldred,  born  at  Winifield,  Herkimer  county,  N.  Y.,  April 
27,  1821;  died  at  Janesville,  Wis.,  February  19,  1901.  He  came  to  Wis- 
consin in  1842,  and  from  the  time  of  his  settlement  in  Janesville  (1855) 
was  prominent  in  the  business  life  of  that  community.     He  was  one 


•i3H^  Wisconsin  HistoRlCAL  sociEfV. 

of  the  organizers  of  the  Janesville  Cotton  Manufacturing  Company  and 
of  its  successor,  the  Janesville  Cotton  Mills;  one  of  the  incorporators 
and  first  vice-president  of  the  First  National  bank;  and  held  some 
minor  city  and  county  offices.  Throughout  life  he  was  an  ardent  ad- 
vocate of  the  temperance  cause  and  all  movements  for  moral  advance- 
ment. 

Charles  W.  Felker,  born  in  Penn  Yan,  Yates  counly,  N.  Y.,  November 
25,  1834;  died  at  Oshkosh,  Wis.,  November  5,  1901.  In  1846  his  family 
settled  in  Winnebago  county,  Wisconsin.  He  received  an  academical 
education  at  the  Brockport  Collegiate  Institute  and  the  Charlotteville 
Institute,  in  New  York  state.  At  the  age  of  twenty-two,  he  became 
editor  of  the  Oshkosh  Democrat;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1858;  and 
practiced  law  during  the  rest  of  his  life — except  while  serving  in  the 
War  of  Secession,  1864-66,  as  captain  of  Co.  A,  48th  Wis.  volunteer  in- 
fantry^ From  1884  to  1888,  he  was  also  editor  of  the  Oshkosh  Times. 
The  Oshkosh  Weekly  Times  says  of  him:  "In  the  passing  of  Mr.  Felker 
the  Wisconsin  bar  loses  a  unique  and  remarkable  man,  known  through- 
out the  state  for  his  distinguishing  traits  of  character  and  his  ability 
in  the  line  of  legal  lore  and  general  attainments." 

Henry  B.  Harshaw,  born  at  Argyle,  N.  Y.,  June  13,  1842;  died  at 
Milwaukee,  December  25,  1900.  He  came  with  his  parents  to  Ocono- 
mowoc,  W^is.,  in  1852,  and  two  years  later  settled  in  Oshkosh,  which  was 
his  home  until  the  time  of  his  death.  During  1861-64,  he  served  with 
the  second  Wisconsin  regiment,  but  in  the  latter  year  was  mustered 
out  on  account  of  the  loss  of  an  arm  at  Laurel  Hill.  On  his  return 
to  Oshkosh  he  was  made  clerk  of  the  circuit  court,  which  position  he 
held  until  1878.  From  1878  to  1886  he  was  postmaster,  and  from 
1887  to  1891  state  treasurer. 

Franklin  Hatheway,  born  at  Rome,  N.  Y.,  in  1818;  died  at  Chicago, 
March  12,  1901.  He  came  to  the  West  in  1835,  to  assist  his  uncle, 
Joshua  Hatheway,  in  a  survey  of  the  southeastern  portion  of  Wiscon- 
sin. In  1837,  he  was  employed  by  Governor  Doty  to  survey  the  site 
of  the  city  of  Madison;  and,  although  he  resided  thereafter  in  other 
states,  this  connection  with  Wisconsin  history  leads  us  to  mention  him 
here. 

John  W.  Hinton,  born  in  London,  England,  November  30,  1817;  died 
at  Milwaukee,  April  19,  1901.  He  received  an  excellent  education,  and 
came  to  this  country  while  a  young  man.  In  1840,  Mr.  Hinton  began 
to  write  and  speak  in  favor  of  the  protection  of  American  industries, 
and  took  part  in  every  campaign  thereafter.  From  1879  he  waged  war- 
fare against  free  trade,  through  the  Northwestern  Tariff  Bureau.  Mr. 
and  Mrs.  Hinton  built  the  Francis  Hinton  addition  to  the  Milwaukee 
Protestant  Home  for  the  Aged  in  1899;  and  in  1900  gave  that  institu- 
tion $50;000,  on  the  fiftieth  anniversary  of  their  marriage. 


WISCONSIN   NECROLOGY.  II7 

John  W.  Hudson,  born  in  Orleans  county,  N.  Y.,  January  12,  1834; 
died  at  Madison,  Wis.,  May  1,  1901.  He  came  with  his  parents  to  Mil- 
ton, Wis.,  in  1844,  and  was  educated  at  the  academy  there.  In  his 
twentieth  year  he  went  into  business  in  Milwaukee,  but  ^^oon  afterward 
removed  to  Madison.  Mr.  Hudson  served  in  the  War  of  Secession  in  Co. 
D,  23rd  Wisconsin  infantry.  During  the  rest  of  his  life  he  was  always 
interested  in  large  business  enterprises,  but  never  occupied  any  political 
position. 

Romanzo  S.  Kingman,  born  near  Cleveland,  0.,  May  19,  1829;  died 
at  Sparta,  Wis.,  January  30,  1901.  He  came  to  Sparta  in  1851,  aided 
in  the  organization  of  the  county  and  the  location  of  the  county  seat, 
and  was  the  first  elected  register  of  deeds.  From  1863  to  1873,  he 
conducted  a  business  enterprise  in  Maine;  returning  in  1873  to  Sparta, 
he  spent  a  few  years  in  business,  and  then  retired  from  active  life. 

Ferdinand  Kuehn,  born  at  Augsburg,  Bavaria,  1821;  died  at  Milwau- 
kee, January  31,  1901.  He  received  a  good  education  in  his  native 
city  and  was  then  apprenticed  as  clerk  to  a  banker  in  Switzerland. 
In  1844  he  came  to  the  United  States  and  became  a  farmer  in  Wash- 
ington county,  Wisconsin;  but  in  1846  he  removed  to  Milwaukee  and 
learned  the  cigar-maker's  trade.  In  1849.  Mr.  Kuehn  began  his  politi- 
cal career  as  a  clerk  in  the  city  treasurer's  office;  and  during  the  rest 
of  his  active  life  he  served  many  terms  in  various  municipal  offices. 
Prom  1874  to  1878  he  was  state  treasurer.  On  his  return  to  Milwau- 
kee, he  became  cashier  of  the  Merchants'  Exchange  bank,  and  later 
acted  during  sixteen  years  as  treasurer  of  the  Milwaukee  Mechanics' 
Insurance  Company. 

Samuel  Lament,  born  in  Minnigaff,  Scotland,  February  13,  1818;  died 
at  Madison,  Wis.,  March  13,  1901.  He  came  to  the  United  States  in 
1844,  and  four  years  later  settled  in  Verona,  Wisconsin;  he  lived  there 
until  1882,  when  he  retired  from  active  life. 

Joseph  W.  Losey,  born  at  Honesdale,  Pa.,  December  30,  1834;  died 
at  La  Crosse,  Wis.,  March  11,  1901.  He  was  educated  at  Honesdale 
academy  and  Amherst  college,  and  in  1856  came  to  La  Crosse  to  study 
law.  He  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  in  1858  was  elected  district 
attorney.  Since  1861  he  practiced  law  in  La  Crosse;  until  1889,  as  part- 
ner of  Hon.  Angus  Cameron.  Mr.  Losey  was  a  public-spirited  man,  and 
the  success  of  many  municipal  enterprises  in  La  Crosse  was  due  to  his 
untiring  energy. 

Alexander  McMillan,  born  in  the  township  of  Finch,  Stormont 
county,  Ontario,  Canada,  October  23,  1825;  died  at  La  Crosse,  Wis., 
October  25,  1901.  In  1850  he  came  to  Wisconsin,  remaining  at  Madi- 
son a  few  months.  From  1850  to  1852  he  resided  at  Portage;  he  then 
formed  a  partnership  with  his  brother  John  for  conducting  a  business 
in  the  lumber  district,  and  settled  at  La  Crosse.     During  nearly  forty   ' 


Il8  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

years,  Mr.  McMillan  was  engaged  in  numerous  large  business  opera- 
tions. Although  not  a  politician,  he  held  many  minor  political  offices, 
and  was  elected  to  the  state  legislature  in  1872.  In  1891  he  retired 
from  active  business  life. 

Clark  A.  Place,  born  at  Rochester,  N.  H.,  December  23,  1817;  died 
at  Milwaukee,  September  30,  1901.  He  came  to  Wisconsin  in  1846,  and 
for  eight  years  was  cashier  for  Alanson  Sweet.  From  1854  to  1862  he 
was  a  partner  in  the  firm  of  J.  B.  Smith  &  Co.,  in  a  general  lumber 
and  milling  business.  From  1865  to  1895  he  was  paymaster  of  the 
C,  M.  &  St.  P.  railroad. 

Malcolm  Sellers,  born  at  Guysboro,  Nova  Scotia,  October  26,  1819; 
died  at  Green  Bay,  Wis.,  December  12,  1900.  In  1847  he  came  to  Wis- 
consin, and  was  a  miller  at  Beaver  Dam.  In  1850  he  was  a  member 
of  the  legislature  from  Dodge  county.  Two  years  later,  he  removed 
•to  Waukesha,  where  for  a  time  he  was  an  instructor  in  Carroll  college. 
Upon  the  completion  of  the  Milwaukee  &  Prairie  du  Chien  railroad, 
he  was  one  of  its  first  agents,  and  later  built  up  a  large  trade  in  wool. 
During  the  War  of  Secession  he  served  in  the  quartermaster-general's 
office.  In  1874  he  retired  from  business,  and  devoted  himself  to  aiding 
veterans  in  obtaining  pensions.  He  was  one  of  the  founders  of  the 
Republican  party. 

Daniel  F.  Smith,  born  at  Ellery,  Chautauqua  county,  N.  Y.,  March  0, 
1813;  died  at  Clam  Falls,  Polk  county.  Wis.,  December  30,  1900.  In 
1834,  he  came  to  Michigan;  a  year  later  he  settled  in  Milton,  Wis.  In 
1840,  Mr.  Smith  and  his  brothers  built  the  first  sawmill  there;  and 
in  1844  he  entered  the  logging  and  lumbering  business  at  Stevens 
Point.  During  1854-60  and  1864-68,  he  resided  at  St.  Croix  Falls,  the 
intervening  years  being  spent  in  California.  From  1868  to  the  time  of 
his  death  he  lived  in  Polk  county,  owning  and  operating  sawmills  at 
Butternut  (1868-72)  and  at  Clam  Falls  (1872-1900). 

De  Wayne  Stebbins,  born  at  Clinton,  Oneida  county,  N.  Y.,  April  5, 
1835;  died  at  Algoma,  Wis.,  June  12,  1901.  His  pare'nts  removed  to 
Wisconsin  in  the  fall  of  1835.  He  received  a  common  school  education, 
and  afterwards  graduated  from  the  United  States  Naval  Academy,  at 
Annapolis;  he  served  four  years  as  an  officer  in  the  U.  S.  navy,  and 
was  honorably  discharged  January  6,  1866.  Since  1881  he  had  been 
cashier  of  the  Bank  of  Algoma,  and  during  1883-97  was  publisher  of 
the  Algoma  Record.  He  served  on  the  county  board  continuously  for 
twenty-seven  years;  was  a  member  of  the  assembly  in  1872,  state  sen- 
ator in  1894  and  1898;  and  was  postmaster  of  Algoma  for  twelve  years. 
The  Algoma  Record  says:  "He  had  gained  for  himself  an  enviable  repu- 
tation as  a  public  officer,  discharging  his  duties  with  great  fidelity 
to  the  public," 


WISCONSIN    NECROLOGY.  II Q 

John  J.  Suhr,  born  at  Bremen,  Germany,  May  27,  1836;  died  at  Mad- 
ison, Wis.,  April  11,  1901.  At  the  age  of  twenty,  he  came  to  America 
and  almost  directly  to  Madison,  and  was  long  a  bookkeeper  in  the 
State  bank.  In  1871,  he  organized  the  German  American  bank,  and 
was  its  president  until  his  death.  He  was  a  member  of  the  school 
board  during  many  years,  and  a  director  of  the  free  library;  and  was 
interested  in  various  organizations  for  promoting  public  recreation 
and  education. 

Charles  Thorne,  born  at  Bishop's  Hall,  near  Taunton,  Somersetshire, 
England,  May  6,  1820;  died  at  Whitewater,  Wis.,  February  12,  1901. 
He  came  to  Toronto,  Canada,  with  his  parents  in  1831,  and  two  years 
later  settled  at  Lockport,  N.  Y.  In  1840  he  migrated  to  Wisconsin, 
and  settled  in  Jefferson  county.  He  helped  to  organize  the  town  of 
Cold  Spring,  ana  held  many  offices  of  trust  therein  until  his  removal 
to  Whitewater,  some  thirty  years  before  his  death. 

Daniel  C.  Van  Brunt,  born  at  Springfield,  Otsego  county,  N.  Y.,  Febf- 
ruary  8,  1818;  died  at  Horicon,  Wis.,  January  14,  1901.  In  1846  he 
entered  a  farm  of  a  hundred  and  sixty  acres  near  Mayville,  where 
he  later  opened  a  wagon-shop.  In  1861  he  removed  to  Horicon,  where 
he  established  a  very  successful  manufactory  of  seeders  and  cultivators. 
While  he  never  cared  for  political  office,  he  held  many  minor  local 
offices,  and  always  with  benefit  to  the  city. 

Jahn  Wall,  born  in  Chatham,  England,  July  24,  1807;  died  at  Black 
Earth,  Wis.,  April  29,  1901.  He  came  to  America  in  1838,  and  settled 
ax  once  in  Dane  county.  He  was  an  extensive  land-owner,  and  had 
been  identified  with  all  progressive  movements  in  the  community  in 
which  he  lived. 

John  H.  Warren,  born  at  Hogansburg,  Franklin  county,  N.  Y.,  August 
23,  1825;  died  at  Palmyra,  Wis..  August  1,  1901.  He  came  to  Wisconsin 
as  a  child,  his  early  education  being  obtained  in  the  schools  of  Janes- 
ville.  He  studied  medicine  with  Dr.  Nichols,  a  pioneer  physician,  and 
at  Rush  Medical  College;  graduating  at  that  institution  in  1849,  he 
began  the  practice  of  medicine  at  Lodi.  From  1851  to  1870  he  con- 
ducted a  milling  and  mercantile  business  at  Albany,  Wis.,  with  much 
success.  During  1857-62  he  was  a  member  of  the  state  senate;  and, 
from  1862  to  1869,  collector  of  internal  revenue.  For  many  years  he 
was  the  largest  mail-contractor  in  the  United  States.  During  the  last 
fifteen  years  of  his  life,  he  was  an  invalid,  and  died  at  the  Palmyra 
sanitarium. 

Thompson  D.  Weeks,  born  at  Norwich,  Mass.,  November  5,  1832;  died 
at  Whitewater,  Wis.,  February  12,  1901.  In  1842  he  came  with  his 
family  to  Walworth  county,  Wisconsin.  He  was  educated  at  Buck's 
academy    in    Milwaukee,  Lawrence  university,    and    the    Albany  law 


120  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

school.  He  was  a  member  of  the  assembly  in  1865;  a  state  senator  in 
1874,  1875,  and  1892-96;  and  a  member  of  the  board  of  regents  of  nor- 
mal schools  during  seventeen  years. 

William  H.  Wolf,  born  in  Germany  in  1829;  died  at  Milwaukee,  Jan- 
uary 28,  1901.  Mr.  Wolf  began  life  as  a  butcher's  apprentice  and  later 
learned  the  trade  of  a  ship-carpenter  in  New  York  city.  In  1849  he 
made  his  first  trip  to  Wisconsin,  but  did  not  settle  here  permanently 
until  1853,  when  he  became  foreman  in  a  Milwaukee  ship  yard.  From 
1858  to  1863  he  was  a  member  of  the  firm  of  Wolf  &  Lawrence;  dur- 
ing 1863-68  he  operated  a  ship-yard  at  Fort  Howard;  and  from  1868 
to  1898,  was  a  member  of  the  firm  of  Wolf  &  Davidson,  which  built 
many  of  the  best-known  boats  on  the  Great  Lakes, 


THE  MILWAUKEE  CONVENTION.  121 


STATE  HISTORICAL  CONVENTION,  OCTOBER,  1901 


A  state  historical  convention,  nnder  the  auspices  of  the  State 
Historical  Society  of  Wisconsin,,  was  held  at  Milwaukee,  Octo- 
ber 11  and  12,  1901. 

The  convention  opened  at  10  A,.  M.  of  the  llih,  n-ith  an  ex- 
cellent exhibit  of  objects  of  historical  interest,  chiefly  from 
Milwaukee,  and  connected  with  Western  ])ionec'rin<>; ;  this  was 
held  in  a  room  fitted  for  the  ])urpose,  ui)on  ihe  third  floor  of  the 
l^ublic  Library-Museum  buihlin<>". 

In  the  afternoon,  in  an  adjoining-  r(X)m,  the  following  pa})ers 
were  presented,  all  of  them  pertaining  to  the  experiences  of  the 
nationalities  namcd,^  in  settling  in  Wisconsin : 

Foreign  immigration  to  Wisconsin;  a  general  sui'vey — John  G.  Greg- 
ory, of  Milwaukee. 

Germans — W.  Hense-Jensen,  of  Milwaukee. 
Poles — J.  W.  S.  Tomkiewicz,  of  Milwaukee. 
Scotch — James  A.  Bryden,  of  Milwaukee. 
Bohemians — J.  J.  Vlach,  of  Milwaukee. 

In  the  evening,  at  Milwaukee-Downer  college,  Dr.  Ja.mes 
Kendall  Ilosmer,  of  Minneapolis,  addressed  the  society  upon 
the  topic,  ''The  Mississippi  Valley  Organized."  The  address 
was  followed  by  an  enjoyable  reception  to  the  audience. 

The  concluding  session  commenced  at  10  A.  M.  of  the  12th, 
in  the  Library-Museum  building.  The  programme  was  as  fol- 
lows : 

Wisconsin  History  in  the  Schools — Frederick  J.  Turner,  of  the  Uni- 
versity of  Wisconsin. 


'  Accounts  of  Swiss,  Belgian,  and  Scandinavian  settlements  in  Wis- 
consin have  heen  printed  in  former  publications  of  this  society. 
9 


I  22  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY. 

Wisconsin's  Contribution  to  American  Inventions — Harold  G.  Under- 
wood, of  Milwaukee. 

New  England  Influences  in  Milwaukee — Ellis  B.  Usher,  of  La  Crosse. 
A  Northward  Neshotah — John  Nelson  Davidson,  of  Dousman. 

The  following  papers  were  presented  by  title : 

The  Population  of  St.  Croix  County,  Wisconsin,  1850-70 — James 
Blaine  Graham,  of  Roberts. 

The  Political  Activity  of  Wisconsin  Germans,  1854-60 — Ernest 
Bruncken,  of  Milwaukee. 

To  the  following  ladies  and  gentlemen,  inenil>ers  of  the  local 
committees  in  charge,  the  cordial  thanks  of  the  society  are  due, 
for  their  efficient  management  of  the  details: 

Executive — T.  J.  Pereles,  chairman;  Henry  E.  Legler,  secretary;  W. 
W.  Wight,  C.  A.  Pride,  Ernest  Bruncken,  John  G.  Gregory. 

Finance — Gardner  P.  Stickney,  Robert  Camp,  F.  T.  Andrae. 

Programme  and  Papers — Henry  E.  Legler,  W.  H.  Cheever,  Henry  C. 
Campbell,  Ernest  Bruncken,  John  G.  Gregory. 

Historical  Exhibits — Peter  Van  Vechten,  jr.,  D.  W.  Fowler,  Henry 
W.  Bleyer,  M.  A.  Boardman,  Chas.  A.  Pride,  George  W.  Peckham. 

Entertainment  and  Reception-^Ksirold  G.  Underwood,  Mrs.  Edward 
C.  Wall,  Mrs.  George  H.  Noyes,  Mrs.  James  Sidney  Peck,  Mrs.  Julius 
Howard  Pratt,  Mrs.  Oliver  Clyde  Fuller,  Mrs.  Wyman  Kneeland  Flint, 
Mrs.  Geo.  I.  Lindsay,  Mrs.  Frederick  Vogel,  Mrs.  G.  Perry  Williams, 
Mrs.  George  W.  Peckham,  Mrs.  Frederick  Pabst,  jr.,  Mrs.  William 
Ward  Wight,  Miss  Ellen  C.  Sabin,  Miss  Alice  Chapman,  Mr.  Edward 
J.  Paul. 


THE    MISSISSIPPI    VALLEY    ORGANIZED.  1 23 


THE  MISSISSIPPI  VALLtY  ORGANIZED' 


BV   JAMKS    KKXDALL   IIOS.MKR. 

The  territory  of  Oklahoma,  Avilli  the  Indian  Territory  the 
last  fragment  of  the  Mississippi  Valley  not  yet  constitutionally 
organized,  has  at  the  present  time  every  requisite  for  statehood, 
and  ^^'ill,  so  says  i'e|>ort,  ap])ly  at  the  next  session  of  congress 
for  admission  to  the  Union.  The  moment  when  the  great  basin 
beeomes  occupied  throughout  by  pro]3er  commonwealths,  these 
taking  the  place  of  the  wilderness  which  a  hundred  and  fifty 
years  ago  was  quite  unbroken,  is  a  fitting  one  in  wdiich  to  review 
its  story. 

The  Mississippi  Valley  has  long  been  famed  as  the  most  re- 
markable river  basin  of  the  world.  While  that  of  the  iVmazor. 
may  surpass  it  in  area,  the  South  American  basin  is  far  less 
available  for  human  uses.  The  northern  valley  has  a  climate 
well  suited  in  every  part  for  the  better  breeds  of  men.  Millions 
of  it^  acres  are  surpassingly  fertile;  wdiere  tillage  fails,  the 
herdsman  and  shepherd  find  opportunity  ;  or,  if  both  farmer  and 
ranchman  miss  their  chance,  the  miner  wins  from  desert  or 
mountain  coal,  oil,  and  almost  every  useful  metal.  Scarcely  a 
square  mile  but  yields  gifts  that  are  precious.  It  is  the  verj'  lap 
of  Plenty. 

Into  this  favored  region  are  gathered  some  thirty-five  million 
English-speaking  men,  the  largest  compact  body,  except  possibly 
the  population  of  Great  Britain,  to  be  found  in  the  world.  Here 
are  half  the  states  of  the  American  Union,  sending  their  waters 
to  the  Gulf  through  the  gi*eat  river.     Near  its  heart  is  the  cen- 


^  Address  delivered  before  the  Wisconsin  state  historical  convention 
at  Milwaukee,  October  11,  1901. 


124  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY. 

tre  of  population  of  tlio  Union ;  the  centre  of  influence,  too,  is 
here,  as  each  decade  shows  more  plainly.  In  our  history  there 
are  no  more  heroic  figures  than  have  arisen  here ;  nor  is  the  gen- 
eral average  of  intelligence,  energy,  and  manly  virtue  anywhere 
higher.  In  no  other  region  of  the  earth,  probably,  are  the  con- 
ditions so  favorable  for  the  best  human  development. 

In  the  middle  of  tlie  eighteenth  century,  in  the  valley,  the 
wilderness  was  scarcely  broken.  C^oronado's  superb  march 
from  the  Gulf  of  California  to  the  Mist^ouri  Kiver  (even  so  far, 
it  has  been  thought,  he  may  have  penetrated)  had  left  no  trace 
excei>t  in  the  pages  of  the  chroniclers;  nor. was  there  trace  of 
Hernando  de  Soto.  The  French,  in  their  turn,  had  done  lit- 
tle more  than  the  Spaniards.  'Marquette,  Hennepin,  T.a  Salle, 
and  their  fellow  pathbreakers  had  threaded  the  streams  and 
pierced  the  woods  with  the  sturdiest  heroism,  but  to  little  pur- 
pose as  far  as  the  redemption  of  the  area  to  civilization  was  con- 
corned.  The  forests  were  unfelled,  the  prairies  unploughed ; 
the  Indians  still  possessed  the  land.  In  the  half-dozen  clusters 
of  cabins  scattered  from  Xew  Orleans  to  the  Great  Lakes,  the 
likelihood  was  far  greater  that  the  habitan  would  sink  into  the 
savage  than  that  the  savage  w-ould  rise  into  something  higher. 
But  the  subduers  were  at  hand. 

In  1748,  an  explorer  penetrating  the  virgin  land  h-ad  named 
a  river  and  a  mountain  gap  after  the  proud-prancing  Cumber- 
land, a  great  hero  of  those  days ;  oddly  pc^rpetuating  thus  a  mem- 
ory of  the  Jacobite  crisis  in  the  nomenclature  of  a  land  that 
was  to  care  nothing  for  either  James  or  George.  But  the  first 
symptom  of  an  interest  in  the  thirteen  colonies  in  the  world 
Ixwond  the  mountains  was  the  dispatching,  in  1753,  of  the  youth 
George  Washington  into  the  woods;  his  mission  being  to  inquire 
of  the  French  commandant  at  the  head  springs  of  the  Alleghany, 
where  the  French  came  in  by  a  short  portage  from  the  Great 
Lakes,  what  were  the  intentions  of  France,  and  to  explain  what 
were  the  claims  of  Virginia.  Presently  came  Braddock's  at- 
temj)t,  and  in  1759  the  event  on  the  Plains  of  Abraham'.  The 
colonial  world  was  now  well  alive,  and  straightway  began  a 
movement  for  the  winning  of  the  West. 


THE   MISSISSIPPI    VALLEY    ORGANIZED.  125 

Earlj  in  the  eig-liteenth  century,  the  Scotch-Irish,  a  race 
doubled  and  twisted  in  the  making,  flung  by  persecution  and 
hardship  from  island  to  island,  knit  and  toughened  in  the  stress 
of  exile  and  war,  came  in  lar.o;e  numlx;rs  to  America.  They 
were  received  especially  at  ports  of  the  middle  and  Southern 
colonies,  and  their  taste  and  enterprise  soon  led  them  away  from 
the  sealward  into  the  backwoods.  At  a  synod  held  at  an  early 
day  in  Philadelphia,  John  Caldwell,  grandfather  of  John  Cald- 
well Calhoun,  proposc-d  to  the  governor  that  if  freedom  of  con- 
science were  allowed,  the  Scotch-Irish  would  fend  off  the  Indian 
danger  at  the  back  of  the  province.  The  bargain  was  made, 
and  well  did  the  Sootch-Irish  perform  tlieir  part.  Following 
the  valley  between  the  Alleglianies  and  the  Blue  Ridge  in  a 
movement  at  the  time  little  marked,  assimilating  new  elements. 
Huguenot,  German,  and  English,  they  reached,  in  a  generation 
or  so,  the  highlands  of  western  Xorth  Carolina,  and  here  were 
recruited  by  bands  of  tlieir  kindred  coming  west  from  their  land- 
ing place  at  (Charleston.  A  race  better  fitted  than  this  one  to 
play  the  part  of  frontiersmen  lias  never  api)eared.  As  an 
axe  has  welded  u]wn  its  front  a  mass  of  st-eel  before  the  softer 
iron,  a  mass  capable  of  taking  on  a  keen  cutting  edge,  not  to 
1)0  dinted  or  broken  by  anything  it  nmy  have  to  cleave  or  hew, 
so,  providentially  it  AW)uld  seem,  the  Anglo-Saxon  advance  was 
provided  with  a  Scotch-Irish  cutting  edge  of  extraordinary 
temper.  Presently  the  pioneei's  were  on  the  Mississippi  water- 
shed; and  hardly  had  they  entered,  when,  at  a  clump  of  cabins 
on  a  mountain  stream,  the  "Watauga  Association"  was  estab 
lished,  a  system  of  g-overnment  for  a  little  state  fonned  after 
the  l)est  Anglo-Saxon  precedents.  Thus  significantly  on  the 
very  threshold  b^an  the  organizing,  J  ames  Robertson,  a  Scotch- 
Irishman,  and  the  Huguenot  John  Sevier  standing  out  as  lead- 
ing spirits;  and  shortly  after,  Daniel  i^oone  and  his  men,  just 
established  in  Kentucky,  followed  the  example.  Xow  occurred 
an  incident  which  showed  plainly  how  the  pioneers  meant  to 
stand.  In  the  late  spring  of  1775,  a  newcomer  to  a  camp  hav- 
ing read  from  a  scrap  of  newspaper  the  announcement  of  the 
event  of  the  19th  of  April,  the  backwoodsmen  forthwith  baptizcil 
the  stockade,  and  the  town  that  sprang  from  it,  T^xington. 


126  WISCONSIN   HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

The  backwoodsmen  were  effective  strivers  in  tlie  struggle  foi* 
independence,  tliough  they  liad  a  foe  to  face  in  the  Indians, 
nearer  at  hand  and  more  terrible  than  the  soldiers  of  George 
HI.  At  King's  Mountain,  in  17S0,  when  tilings  were  dark- 
(ist,  the  men  who  had  crossed  the  watershed,  turning  back  un- 
der Sevier  and  Shelby,  decided  the  day  for  the  Americans;  and 
still  earlier,  in  1778,  George  Rogers  Clark,  in  one  of  the  most 
extraordinary  of  campaigns,  won  for  Virginia,  and  ultimately 
for  the  United  States,  the  great  Northwest.  In  the  drama  of 
the  Revolution,  there  is,  perhaps,  no  episode  so  picturesque  as 
this  enterprise  of  Clark.  As  if  fortune  loved  so  brave  a 
soul,  jio  happened  to  strike  in  at  the  most  opportune  moment. 
As  he  laid  his  plan  before  Patrick  Henry,  governor  of  Virginia, 
the  news  came  of  Burgoyne's  surrender,  and  soon  after  of 
the  French  alliance.  His  first  task  with  his  little  army  of  two 
hundred  was  to  win  tlie  Creoles  of  the  Wabash  and  the  Illi- 
nois— a  task  now  not  difficult,  since  the  Americans  had  defetated 
the  conquerors  of  JMontcalm,  and  been  taken  into  friendship 
by  the  iVencli  king.  To  gain  the  Indians  was  a  far  different 
achievement,  as  they  gatliered  from  the  remotest  points,  and 
with  implacable  faces  confronted  the  young  leader  at  the  Ca- 
hokia  council  fire.  They  were  won,  however,  by  a  union  of 
bravado  with  the  deftest  tact;  after  which  came  a  problem 
where  difficulty  culminated,  the  coping  with  Hamilton,  the  capa- 
ble Britisli  commander  at  Detroit.  How  (^lark  stole  upon  Vin- 
cennes  in  February,  through  the  drowned  lands  of  the  Wabash, 
liis  men  plunging  to  the  waist,  to  the  breast,  at  last  to  the  chin, 
through  the  icy  flood ;  how  he  fought  their  discouragement,  now 
by  sternness,  now  by  contriving  to  turn  hardship  into  a  joke; 
liow  the  fortress  was  captured  at  last,  almost  without  bloodshed, 
the  whole  campaign,  indeed,  presenting  a  spectacle  of  fine  strat- 
egy and  iron  i)ei'sistency,  with  almost  nothing  sanguinary — 
all  this  is  remarkable  in  the  history  of  warfare,  T'ae  means 
of  Clark  were  insignificant;  and  the  results  he  achieved  in  the 
highest  degree  momentous — achievements  perforaied  with 
swiftness  and  ease  springing  from  a  high  degree  of  genius. 
Our  military  histor)'^  has  no  page  more  brilliant. 


THE  Mississippi  VaLLey  organizeI).  127 

Tracing,  as  we  are  trying  to  do,  the  organization  of  a  wilder- 
ness into  a  well-ordered  state,  the  year  1787,  in  which  fell  the 
adoption  of  the  Federal  Constitution  and  the  Xorthwest  Ordi- 
nance, is  heyond  all  others  epoch-making.  In  the  framing  of 
these  most  mighty  instruments  the  men  of  the  Mississippi  Valley 
had  no  part;  yet  no  other  region  has  derived  so  much  from  their 
far-reaching,  beneficent  action.  Kentucky  in  1792  and  Tennes- 
see in  1790  came  forward  into  statehood,  heading  the  recruit- 
ment which  has  brought  the  confederation  of  thirteen  up  to  (ii 
we  count  Oklahoma)  forty-six.  The  states  of  the  Mississippi 
Valley,  more  than  a  score  in  number,  have  come  into  being  as 
a  consequence  of  these  in^struments ;  most  of  them  with  slavery 
prohibited,  with  the  sixteenth  section  of  each  township  set  apart 
for  the  support  of  public  schools,  with  every  point  of  Anglo- 
Saxon  freedom  effectually  guaranteed.  Xo  sooner  had  their 
ordinances  gone  fairly  into  effee't  than  tlie  area  over  which  their 
influence  was  to  be  felt  was  immensely  increased. 

In  the  nineteenth  century,  perhaps  in  all  the  centuries,  there 
lias  been  no  hero  quite  so  picturesque  and  magnietic  as  Xapo- 
leon.  Refuse  though  we  may  to  regard  him  as  good,  or,  in  the 
highest  sense,  great,  3'et  there  is  no  such  other  name  to  conjure 
by,  and  the  spell  he  exercises  over  men  seems  to  increase  rather 
than  diminish.  Probably  in  no  previous  jwrtrayal  has  that 
towering  i>ersonality  apjjeared  to  a  greater  extent  unique  and 
ultra-human  than  in  the  presentment  lately  made  by  Lord  Rose- 
bery  in  his  Napoleon,  the  Last  Phase.  With  the  opening  of 
the  nineteenth  century  the  Mississippi  Valley  felt  a  memorable 
effect  from  the  conunotion  at  that  time  changing  the  face  of 
Europe.  The  French  Revolution  having  taken  its  course,  the 
fateful  Corsican  was  in  full  career,  having  reached,  through 
the  campaigns  of  179G,  of  Egypt,  and  of  Marengo,  the  position 
of  first  consul.  While  there  can  be  no  doubt  as  to  the  extent 
to  which  Xapoleon  affected  Europe,  have  we  fairly  made  it  real 
to  ourselves  that  scarcely  any  other  man  has  affected  so  momen- 
tously America  ?  Washington  was  the  father  of  the  country ; 
Lincoln  preserved  it;  Xapoleon  doubled  its  area.  The  conjunc- 
tion seems  grotesque,  but  it  can  be  justified. 


128  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

The  addition  to  our  Union  of  the  vast  territory  lying  between 
the  great  river  and  the  Rocky  Mountains  was  a  result  of  French 
statesmanship,  and  ought  to  be  so  descril)ed.  Jefferson  and  his 
negotiators,  ]>ivingston  and  Monroe,  jdayed  but  a  secondary 
part  in  the  transaction.  'J'hat  tliis  great  area  is  ours  today 
is  simply  and  solely  because  the  exigency  of  Napoleon  at  the 
moment  made  it  ex])edient  for  him  that  it  should  be  ours.  It 
was  not  asked  for  by  us;  nor,  in  giving  it  to  us,  was  tliere  in 
his  mind  any  thought  of  our  interests.  Louisiana  was  sim- 
ply tossed  over  to  us  Weause  the  stress  of  the  occasion  made 
tliis  disposal  of  it  convenient.  At  first  the  arliiter  had  had  a 
different  thought.  Tfemembering  the  loss  of  New  France,  in 
the  days  of  Wolfe,  as  a  terrible  disgrace,  Na])oleon  had  dreamed 
of  recovering  it,  as  his  hand  grew  powerful.  But  things 
went  badly  in  San  Domingo,  and  at  home  a  terrible  pressure 
was  close  at  hand.  It  was  becoming  ])lain  that  the  whole  of 
Europe  must  l>e  confronted.  Xapoleon,  no  le«s  prudent  than 
l)old,  saw  in  time  the  folly  of  engaging  his  hands  in  an  Amer- 
ican com])lication,  when  foes  were  so  near,  lie  wanted  money, 
too,  for  his  cond)at.  Just  at  the  moment,  the  Americans, 
desiring  free -navigation  of  the  Mississippi,  made  an  offer  to 
buy  the  mouth  of  the  river,  and  the  town  of  New  Orleans  which 
guarded  it.  I'ht'y  asked  ior  nothing  more;  they  dreamed  of 
nothing  more.  "That  you  shall  have,"  said  Napoleon,  of  a 
sudden  changing  his  policy,  and  driving  at  once,  as  was  his  wont, 
impetuously  to  his  end ;  "and  besides,  you  shall  have  the  vast 
wilderness  lying  north  and  west.  I  wish  to  keep  it  out 
oi"  the  hands  of  England,  whom  only  in  this  way  I  can  baiHe, 
and  the  fifteen  million  dollars  which  you  shall  give  me  for  it 
I  will  use  in  ]>reparations  against  her."  So  Louisiana  fell  to 
us;  for  who,  in  those  years,  could  stand  against  Najxdeon  !  In 
the  transaction,  the  first  consid  gave,  for  the  first  time,  free 
course  to  his  autocratic  will ;  for  he  rode  cavalierly,  as  his 
brother  Lucien  has  graphically  narrated,  over  the  opposition 
of  his  family  and  the  niuttcred  disapjiroval  of  the  chambers 
and  the  nation.  Shortly  afterward  he  had  grasped  crown  and 
scepter,  having  increasod  two-fold,  by  his  first  imperial  nod,  the 


THE    MISSISSIPPI    VALLEY    ORGANISED.  1^0 

area  of  the  United  States.  In  the  whole  history  of  the  Missis- 
sippi Valley,  there  is  nothing  more  startling  than  the  way  in 
which  this  Olympian  figure  touched  momentarily,  but  so  mo- 
mentously, the  course  of  its  development. 

The  great  new  West  beyond  the  river,  thus  acquired,  and  iui- 
imd lately  after  explored  by  the  stout  ]Withbreakers,  Tvowis  and 
Clark,  fell  early  into  danger  of  being  cut  off  from  the  nation 
ti>  which  it  had  come.  What,  precisely,  Aaron  Burr  had  planned 
has  not  been  definitely  ascertained ;  but  Spain  was  to  be  robbed 
and  the  United  States  to  be  dismembere^l  that  Aaron  Burr 
might  sit  exalted.  That  he  was  foiled  was  due,  possibly,  in 
the  main,  to  the  action  of  a  person  the  most  characteristic  type 
of  the  frontiersman,  perhaps,  that  the  border  has  ever  furnished ; 
though  the  importance  of  the  man,  and  of  the  stand  he  then  took, 
did  not  appear  until  later.  When  Burr,  pursuing  his  scheme, 
had  reached  Tennessee,  he  encountered  there  a  spare,  fiery,  im- 
petuous figure,  of  Scotch-Irish  blood,  major  general  of  the 
Tennessee  militia — Andrew  Jackson.  To  win  Jackson  would 
liave^  been  for  Burr  a  great,  it  may  be  a  decisive  thing;  for  al- 
ready Jackson  showed  a  most  ULasterfnl  sjiirit.  lie  felt  strongly 
the  fascination  of  the  cons])irator ;  but  when,  in  i^urr's  talk, 
there  fell  out  a  hint  at  disunion,  the  glamour  vanished ;  the 
frontiersman  could  not  be  moved,  blocking  thus  early  in  his 
career  the  course  of  separatism.  Suppose  that,  in  those  uncer- 
tain days,  Jackson  had  taken  the  other  turn.  What  he  could 
do  at  the  head  of  a  Ijody  of  frontier  riflemen  he  was  before  long 
to  show. 

But  Jackson  was  to  go  far  higiier.  Xapoleon  fell  at  last  from 
his  high  estate,  and  languislied  in  Elba.  Was  the  Mississippi 
Valley  really  to  e«ca]>e  the  clutch  of  England  ^  England 
put  on  shipboard  nearly  twenty  thousand  fighting  men,  sol- 
diers and  sailors,  and,  in  the  lull  of  European  conflict,  sent  the 
expedition  to  the  mouths  of  the  Mississippi.  The  captains  of 
Xelson  irjarshaled  the  ships ;  the  veterans  of  Wellington  stood 
ready  for  the  shore  work.  Civil  officials  were  provided ;  for, 
when  the  easy  victory  had  been  gained,  the  land  possessed  and 
newly  organized  was  to  become  a  Canada  of  the  South,  balauc 


1^0  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOClfetV. 

ing  the  Canada  of  the  North.  It  was  a  motley  crowd  that  con- 
fronted the  great  army  before  Xew  Orleans,  January  8,  1815: 
pirates  from  Barataria,  French  and  Spaniards  from  the  ancient 
Creole  city,  now  and  then  among  them  an  old  soldier  from,  the 
N^apoleonic  wars,  negroes  and  Indians,  waifs  and  strays  from 
everywhere ;  but  among  the  m  stood  a  body  of  Tennessee  and 
]{^entucky  riflemen.  That  day  Andrew  Jackson,  as  leader, 
showed  a  power  of  command  quite  extraordinary'.  Througii 
personal  force  he  welded  these  fragments,  so  ill  assorted,  into 
an  effective  army;, so  that  aft^r  the  English  line  had  charged, 
three  generals, — the  commander  among  them, — seven  colonels, 
and  tiie  rank  and  file  by  thousands  lay  prostrate,  and  there  was 
nothing  for  it  but  retreat.  i\jidrew  Jackson  became  the  lead- 
ing man  in  the  country,  an  extraordinary  force  both  for  evil  and 
for  good  in  the  shaping  of  A,merican  destinies.  liaised  to  the 
highest  plac<^,  he  was  the  main  i)romoter  of  the  spoils  system; 
in  finance  he  was  a  bull  in  a  china  shop;  in  dealing  w'ith  for- 
eign nations  a  bully,  always  with  a  chip  on  his  shoulder.  But, 
on  the  other  hand,  in  spite  of  ignorant  violence,  he  set  an  ex- 
ample of  character  always  honest,  chivalric,  and  nobly  virile; 
and  from  him  more  than  from  any  otlier  American,  with  the 
possible  exception  of  Daniel  Webster,  proceeded  the  influence 
which  made  it  possible  for  Abraham  Lincoln  to  hold  us  together 
as  a  nation.  The  landscape  of  our  past  would  indeed  be  lack- 
ing, if,  looking  backward,  we  failed  to  encounter  there  the  great 
Scotch-Irish  frontiersman,  in  the  high  places  by  force  of  his  grit 
and  genius. 

Lacking  a  thread  on  which  may  be  strung,  in  convenient  or- 
der, the  details  of  the  development  of  the  Mississippi  Valley 
during  the  nineteenth  century,  nothing  better  can  be  done  than 
to  trace  the  consequences  flowing  from  the  introduction  of  two 
machines — the  steam  engine  as  ajiplied  to  traffic  and  commun- 
ication, and  the  cotton  gin.  These  potent  devices  have  shaped 
our  ends  almost  as  if  they  were  divinities  instead  of.  mere  con- 
structions of  matter.  The  steamboat  in  the  West  dates  from 
the  moment  when,  through  Jackson's  arm,  we  became  secure 
from  foreign  attack ;  the  Enterprise  and  ^tna — one  of  which 


THE   MISSISSIPPI    VALLEY    ORGANIZED.  I  ^V 

bad  carried  down  a  cargo  of  aiumimitioii  for  the  army  which 
had  defeated  Pakenham — being  the  first  craft  to  make  their  way 
upstream  from  ]^ew  Orleans  to  the  Ohio.  But  deferring  until 
later  a  consideration  of  the  debt  of  our  valley  to  the  power  ot 
steam-,  the  influence  of  the  other  invention,  Eli  Whitney's  cot- 
ton gin,  is  even  more  noteworthy;  for  the  cotton  gin,  besides 
affecting  vastly  material  well-being,  changed  men's  ways  of 
looking  at  life,  and  caused  to  be  set  up  new  standards  of  right 
and  wrong. 

From  that  early  time  when  the  captive  in  war,  instead  of  be- 
ing put  to  death,  was  preserved,  made  a  servus,  down  through 
all  the  ages,  human  slaverv-  has  exis'ted ;  and  even  in  the  eigh- 
teenth century,  up  to  near  the  end,  there  were  few  indeed  dis- 
posed to  question  the  ri^ht  of  it.  Merchants  of  Boston  and 
Newport  used  their  ships  in  the  slave  trade  without  scruple ; 
and  if  a  doctor  of  divinity,  wanting  a  servant,  shipped  a  hogs- 
head of  mm  to  the  West  Coast,  to  be  exchanged  there  for  a  kid- 
napped boy,  such  a  transaction,  far  from  being  held  discredita- 
ble, was  not  accounted  even  eccentric.  The  South  favored 
slavery  no  more  than  the  Xortli :  the  anti-slavery  clause  of  the 
Xorthwest  Ordinance  was  introduced  by  Southern  representa- 
tives; humane  spirits  like  Washington  and  Jefferson,  inclined 
to  emancipate  their  slaves,  were  as  numerous  South  as  Xorth. 
At  the  close  of  the  eighteenth  century  slavery  appeared  to  be 
dying  everywhere  in  America :  as  it  failed,  the  conscience  of 
the  land  asserted  itself  as  to  its  evil  in  a  way  quite  new.  It 
\\as  the  general  expectation  that  negro  slavery  would  soon  dis- 
appear. It  has  long  l)een  held  that  the  cotton  gin,  invented 
in  1793,  by  suddenly  lending  new  effectiveness  to  the  work  of 
negroes  in  the  South,  wTought  a  change,  spiritual  as  well  as 
material — the  economic  advantage  lulling  to  sleep  the  awaken- 
ing moral  sense.  As  years  passed  and  cotton  became  king, 
slavery  grew  to  be  considered  as  never  before,  the  very  apple 
of  the  patriot's  eye.  Meantime,  at  the  Xorth,  no  economic  ad- 
vantage intervening  to  favor  the  preservation  of  slavery,  it  fol* 
lowed  the  course  of  decay  upon  which  it  had  entered,  and  died 
out ;  and  as  the  century  advanced,  it  came  to  be  regarded,  un- 
der the  influence  of  earnest  teachers,  as  the  chief  of  human  evils. 


\i,i  WISCONSIN    IIlStORtCAL   SOClfitV. 

Sundered  tlnis  as  the  North  and  South  became  in  their  in- 
terests and  moral  conceptions,  a  conflict  was  inevitable,  and  it 
was  first  joined  in  the  Mississippi  Valley.  Before  1820,  the 
streams  of  immigTation,  coming  into  the  Northwest  Territory 
up  through  Kentucky  from  the  south,  through  Ohio  and  along 
the  lakes  from  the  norrhe'ast,  were  jarring  sharply,  as  they  met 
in  Indiana  and  Illinois,  over  slavery;  and  now,  under  the  es- 
jjccial  leadei-ship  of  Heniry  (Jlay,  the  Missouri  compromise, 
the  first  effort  to  adjust  the  ditficulty,  was  put  through  the  fed- 
oral  oongTess.  Slavery  being  admitled  into  Missouri,  it  was 
ordained  by  congress  that  all  the  teri'itoiy  north  of  Missouri 
should  remain  iV)rever  free  ;  and  with  this  settlement  the  counti'v 
went  on  in  a  somewhat  troubled  peace  for  a  fidl  generation. 

J^ut  the  black  shadow  was  far  enough  from  being  removed. 
Pro-slavery  feeling  in  the  South  grew  constantly  more  intense, 
the  institution  coming  to  stand  as  Ihe  very  comer  stone  of  the 
social  structure;  in  the  North  abolitionism  became  constantly 
more  earnest,  and  increasing  uunivxrs  fell  under  the  spell  of 
its  great  advocates.  Wlien^  in  J<sr)4,  Stephen  A.  Douglas,  of 
Illinois,  declared  in  the  senate  that  the  Missouri  compromise 
was  unconstituti<.nal,  that  congress  bad  no  right  to  declare  ter- 
ritory slave  or  free,  tliai  only  the  ))coi)le  on  the  territory  iiad 
that  right — in  a  word,  the  doctrine  of  "squatter  sovereignty"—- 
it  was  the  forerunner  of  a  cyclone. 

At  once  Douglas  embodied  the  doctrine  of  squatter  sover- 
eignty in  the  Nebraska  bill — the  whole  valley  north  and  west 
of  Missouri  being  called  Nebraska — arid  the  great  war  of 
words  began  whicli  was  the  prelude  to  the  actual  clash  of  arms. 
In  congress,  Seward,  ('base,  Sumner,  Giddings,  Vv'adc,  as  lead- 
ers of  the  Free-sdilers,  ranged  themselves  against  Douglas,  who 
rallied  to  his  side  champions  e&]>ccially  from  the  South.  Kan- 
sas, whicli  had  been  set  off  from  Nebraska,  became  a  seat  of 
iumult,  the  Northern  immigrants  coming  in  such  numbers  as 
to  arouse  in  the  South  the  fear  that  squatter  sovereignty  would 
be  disastrous  to  it:  incursions  of  border  ruffians  were  encour- 
aged to  prevent  such  a  catastrophe.  The  moment  when  the 
crisis  became  tinged  with  the  hue  of  blood  was  m^arkod  by  the 


THE    MISSISSIPPI    VALLEY    ORGANIZED.  1 33 

starting  forth  of  that  most  ominous  of  apparitions,  Jdm  Brown 
of  Ossawatomie.  ''Without  shedding  of  blood  there  can  be  no 
remission  of  sins !"  he  cried,  as  he  smote ;  and  when,  flitting 
to  the  vaUej  of  the  Potomac,  he  appeared  on  the  border  of  the 
Soiith,  his  fateful  voice  summoning  the  slaves  to  rise  against 
their  masters,  all  chance  for  peace  was  over.  The  old  man's 
body  might  lie  mouldering  in  its  far  Xorthern  grave,  but  his 
soul  marched  on  in  trooping  armies.  Douglas,  meantime,  had 
been  confronted  in  his  (»wn  state  by  a  cl]ami>ion  he  couUl  not 
vanquish.  Thev  wre-stled  in  field  after  field — on  the  hillside, 
on  the  prairie,  in  the  forest,  by  the  shores  of  great  rivers ;  the 
jx^ople  gathering  bv  many  thousands  to  listen,  till  the  blue  can- 
opy alone  furnished  an  adequate  auditorium.  Abraham  Lin- 
coln came  off  victor;  and  now,  while  the  South,  state  by  stare, 
ranged  itself  in  rebellion,  he  stood  ojqjosed  for  the  saving  of 
the  Union. 

While  in  all  this  j)reliminary  struggle  between  slavery  and 
freodom  it  was  the  Mississippi  Valley  mainly  which  formed 
the  arena,  that  gloomy  distinction  can  hardly  be  claimed  for  it 
after  the  cannon  began  to  thunder.  The  focus  and  centre  of 
(Re  civil  war  was  on  the  soil  of  \'irginia,  where  the  largest  ar- 
mies, and  as  far  as  the  South  was  concerned  the  ablest  gen- 
erals, fought  for  four  years,  back  and  forth:  on  the  one  hand 
to  seize  Washington,  on  the  other  hand  to  seize  liichmond.  The 
operations  of  the  civil  war  in  the  Mississippi  ^'^alley  are  to  be 
regarded  as  a  vast  subsidiary  movement  by  which  ultimately 
the  flank  of  Lee  was  turned. 

But  if  the  war  in  the  Mississippi  Valley  was  in  a  sense  sub- 
sidiary, it  was  by  no  means  of  small  account.  Military  energy 
did  its  utmost.  Rarely  have  armies  been  more  vast,  and  only 
Borodino  and  Leipsic  surpass  in  appalling  grandeur  the  greater 
battles.  The  army  of  Virginia,  at  the  end  of  four  years,  lay 
surrounded  and  helpless,  an  isolated  nucleus  of  warlike  energy 
from  which  every  supporting  connection  and  attachment  had 
been  knocked  away.  On  one  side  w^as  the  sea,  in  the  hands 
of  its  foes ;  on  the  other  Thomas  lowered,  about  to  pour  through 
the  passes  of  the  Alleghanies.       Sherman,  charged  with  light- 


134  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

nings,  rolled  np  from  the  south,  a  tempest  gathering  fury  as  it 
sped,  while  on  the  north  Grant  smote  implacably.  !Not  till  then 
was  Le©  beaten.  Appomattox  came  inevitably,  and  for  the  Con- 
federacy all  was  over.  Slavery  was  destroyed,  and  the  Union 
was  made  secure. 

Strange  indeed  was  the  development  which  sprang  from  the 
cotton  gin;  scarcely  less  momentous  has  been  the  influence  of 
the  steam  engine  as  applied  to  traffic  and  communication.  The 
locomotive  has  succeeded,  and  often  superseded,  the  steamboat, 
with  results  that  are  modifying  all  the  continents.  The  new 
West,  which  has  come  to  pass  in  the  old  Louisiana  of  the  Pur- 
chase, was  before  the  w'ar  in  a  most  incipient  stage,  and  as  it 
stands  today  may  pror>erly  be  called  the  child  of  the  locomo- 
tive. While  that  extraordinary  machine  in  the  eastern  half  of 
the  valley  has  been  a  powerful  modifier,  in  the  western  half 
it  has  worked  almost  as  a  creator.  It  has  made  possible  a  re- 
claiming and  populating  more  rapid  than  has  ever  before  been 
scon  when  new  lands  were  occupied.  The  unknown  wilder- 
ness of  Jefferson's  day  has  become  filled  throughout  with  fully 
organized  commonwealths,  and  is  about,  with  the  admission 
of  Oklahoma,  to  become,  so  to  speak,  politically  mature. 
Whether  such  a  rapid  exploitation  of  the  national  domain  will 
be  for  the  ultimate  benefit  of  our  country,  or  otherwise,  may 
well  be  questioned.  Our  grandchildren  may  wish  their  fore- 
fathers had  gone  more  slowly. 

There  are  in  the  Mississippi  Valley  pleasant  signs  that,  al- 
though heretofore  railroads  and  the  country  tributary  to  them 
have  often  jarred,  the  expediency  of  harmony  is  beginning  to 
be  recognized,  w^ith  most  happy  results.  That  the  road  may 
flourish,  the  country  through  which  it  passes  must  be  prosper- 
ous. What  better  than  for  the  road  to  help  the  country  pros- 
].)er  ?  It  has  helped ;  and  in  this  way :  Some  projier  official — 
the  general  freight  agent,  it  may  be — studying  his  districts 
t/O  find  out  for  what  they  were  best  fitted,  using  the  helps  which 
in  his  high  place  he  could  easily  command,  has  discovered,  per- 
haps, that  tomatoes  can  well  be  raised  here,  potatoes  here;  that 
here  there  is  a  fine  opportunity  for  creameries,  and  here  again  a 


THE    MISSISSIPPI    VALLEY    ORGANIZED.  1 35 

good  field  for  poultry  and  eggs.  Straightway  he  enters  upon 
a  campaign  of  education.  To  each  village,  hamlet,  crossroads, 
teachers  are  sent  to  (!onvert  the  farmers  from  their  bad  meth- 
ods or  unprofitable  crops.  They  are  instructed  as  to  the  better 
ways  and  the  more  marketable  products.  Finally,  the  road 
engages  to  find  a  sale  for  what  is  raised,  and  to  carry  it  to  mar- 
ket at  a  rate  which  will  make  sure  the  farmers'  profit.  When 
all  is  done,  the  country,  from  being  poverty-stricken,  has  become 
a  scene  of  plenty;  while  the  beneficent  road — beneficent  not 
from  a  philanthropic  impulse,  but  simply  because  it  pays  to 
be  so — reaps  a  vast  advantage,  from  having  tributary  a  body  of 
rich  and  contented  communities,  instead  of  a  population  de- 
pressed and  struggling.  In  many  places  of  the  Mississippi 
Valley  these  methods  have  found  trial,  and  the  invariable  happy 
result  makes  it  not  doubtful  tliat  it  will  influence  the  policy  of 
the  future. 

That  we  suffer  at  present  is  largely  due  to  the  fact  that,  in 
the  immense  complexities  which  modern  life  develops,  ^ve  do 
not  at  first  grasp  the  right  handle.  We  may  hope  it  will  be 
better  some  day  as  regards  the  problems  the  railroad  gives  rise 
to :  as  regards  the  problems,  also,  which  the  cotton  gin  lias  given 
rise  to;  for,  though  slavery  has  vanished,  the  black  shadow  has 
not  ceased  to  hang  heavily  over  the  Mississippi  Valley  as  vreW 
as  elsewhere.  So,  too,  as  regards  our  problems  in  general,-  — 
but  a  few  have  been  hinted  at, — the  manful  heart  will  not  con- 
sider any  of  them  hopeless,  and  never  before  since  the  world  be- 
gan have  so  many  good  hands  and  brains  as  now  been  ready  to 
work  to  remove  the  difficulties. 

The  Mississippi  Valley  organized — a  basin  of  unexampled 
resources,  occupied  by  thirty-five  million  English-speaking  men 
possessed  of  the  ancient,  well-ordered  Anglo-Saxon  freedom ! 
With  the  admission  of  Oklahoma  to  statehood,  the  Mississippi 
Valley  may  be  said  to  be  politically  complete.  The  constitu- 
tional framework  will  be  all  in  place  in  twenty-three  common- 
wealths. As  a  vine  expands  over  its  supporting  trellis,  so  the 
life  of  these  millions  will  be  upheld  and  guided  in  future  years 
by  these  constructions,  begun  before  Alfred's  day,  but  confirmed 


136  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

and  perfected,  during  nvany  centuries,  by  liberty-loving  peoples. 
With  their  life  so  l)raced  and  diivctod,  the  states  of  the  Missis- 
sippi Valley  possess  the  most  favorable  conditions  for  a  perfect 
evolution.  While  their  history  in  the  past  is  full  of  interest, 
they  can  face  the  future  with  high  hope. 


FOREIGN    IMMIGRATION   TO    WISCONSIN.  I37 


FOREIGN  IMMIGRATION  TO  WISCONSIN' 


BY  JOHN  G.  GREGORY. 

In  an  ossay  contributed  to  one  of  the  leading  reviews,  long 
before  field  meetings  had  'bec5nie  a  feature  of  the  activity  of  the 
State  Historical  Society  of  Wisconsin,  a  scholarly  citizen  of 
Milwaukee  challenged  the  perspective  of  what  at  that  time  were 
the  standard  histories  of  the  United  States.  They  devoted 
chapters  and  volumes,  he  complained,  to  the  obscure  arrivals 
and  adventures  of  small  groups  of  refugees  on  our  eastern  sea- 
l)oard  two  centuries  or  more  ago;  but  bestowed  not  a  wOrd,  or, 
at  most,  only  a  few  sentences,  upon  the  vast  migratory  move- 
ment, unparallelled  in  the  annals  of  mankind,  which  during 
the  past  eighty  years  has  brought  millions  of  Eliropeans  to  swell 
(he  population  of  the  United  States,  and  which  has  been  one 
of  the  conspicuous  factors  in  the  rapid  development  of  the  West 
from  a  wilderness  to  the  seat  of  a  great  civilization.  Large 
and  imiwrtant  additions  to  historical  literature  have  been  made 
since  the  utterance  of  that  complaint,  and  such  a  criticism 
would  not  be  put  forth  today  without  material  modification. 
Yet  the  historical  specialist  will  still  find  scope  for  useful 
original  work  in  tracing  the  conditions  and  results  of  foreign 
immigration  in  the  United  States,  particularly  in  the  I^^orthwest, 
and  in  no  state  will  he  find  richer  or  more  varied  materials  for 
studies  of  this  character  than  in  Wisconsin. 

An  impetus  was  imparted  to  work  in  this  field  by  the  publi- 
cation in  volume  vii  of  the  Wisconsin  Historical  Collections, 
in  1879,  of  John  Luchsinger's  paper  on  the  Swiss  colony  at 

'  Address  delivered  before  the  Wisconsin  state  historical  convention 
at  Milwaukee,  October  11,  1901. 

10 


138  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

N"ew  Glarus,  in  Green  county — the  first  mpnograph,  Mr. 
Thwaites  informs  ns,  on  the  planting  of  an  organized  foreign 
colony  in  this  state.  At  the  request  of  Secretary  Thwaites,  Mr. 
Luchsinger  rewrote  his  paper  with  extensive  additions,  and  it 
appeared  in  volume  xii  of  the  Collections,  published  in  1892, 
the  same  volume  which  contains  Miss  Kate  A.  Everest's  admira- 
ble account  of  "How  Wisconsin  Came  by  Its  Large  German 
Element."  Mr,  Thwaites,  in  his  Story  of  Wisconsin,  and  Mr. 
Legler,  in  his  Leading  Events  of  Wisconsin  History,  show  ap- 
l)reciation  of  the  importance  of  the  subject  in  the  pages  crowded 
with  facts  which  they  assig-n  to  a  survey  of  immigrant  settle- 
ments of  various  nationalities;  and  several  writers  of  ability, 
notably  Rasmus  B.  Anderson  and  W.  Hense- Jensen,  have 
written  at  large  the  history  of  particular  groups. 

The  foreign-bom  residents  of  Wisconsin  are  here  not  as  in- 
vaders or  intruders,  but  upon  invitation.  '  Self-interest,  as  well 
as  a  spirit  of  good  will  to  all  humanity,  moved  the  inhabitants 
of  the  United  States  to  encourage  immigration.  It  has  been  a 
tradition  from  colonial  times  that  accessions  to  the  population 
from  abroad  are  a  material  agency  for  the  development  of  the 
resources  of  our  country.  Silas  Deane,  one  of  the  commission- 
ers sent  to  Europe  by  the  continental  congress  to  solicit  the  good 
offices  of  France  and  Holland  in  the  conduct  of  the  Revolution- 
ary War,  expressed  the  expectation  that  if  the  colonies  estab- 
lished their  independence,  the  immigration  from  the  old  world 
would  be  prodigiously  increased ;  and,  as  a  consequence,  the  cul- 
tivated lands  would  rise  in  value  and  new  lauds  would  be 
brought  into  market.  The  men  who  controlled  the  destinies  of 
Wisconsin  wrought  as  if  inspired  by  these  words  of  Silas  Deane. 
They  framed  the  state  constitution  and  the  early  statutx^s  in  such 
a  way  as  to  encourage  foreign  settlers  to  feel  at  home  here,  and 
in  this  respect  Wisconsin's  laws  have  never  been  changed. 
During  a  large  part  of  the  time  since  admission  to  the  Union, 
an  active  propaganda  to  encourage  immigration  has  been  car- 
ried on  by  the  state.  In  his  report  to  Governor  Farwell,  dated 
December  23,  1852,  G.  Van  Steenwyck,  Wisconsin's  first  state 
commissioner  of  emigration,  who  had  been  stationed  in  'New 


FOREIGN    IMMIGRATION    TO    WISCONSIN.  1 39 

York  to  meet  immia^rants  on  their  arrival  from  a'broad  and  in- 
fluence tliem  to  direct  their  course  to  Wisconsin,  gave  interest- 
ing details  concerning  the  metliods  of  his  work.  He  had  opened 
his  office  in  New  York  on  the  third  of  June,  and  had  at  once 
begun  the  distribution  of  pamphlets  in  the  English  language, 
setting  fortli  the  resources  of  Wisconsin.  "I  went  to  work  im- 
mediately," he  said,  "to  procure  a  translation  of  the  pamphlet 
prepiared  under  the  direction  of  your  excellency,  into  the  Ger- 
man, Norwegian  and  Dutch  languages,  and  got  in  possession  of 
20,000  copies  in  German  June  16,  5,000  in  Norwegian  June  26, 
and  4,000  in  Dutch  July  2.  In  the  beginning  I  had  the  assist- 
ance of  a  Norwegian ;  June  9,  I  engaged  an  intelligent  and  well- 
educated  German,  and  as  soon  as  matters  were  well  arranged, 
I  enlisted  t^^'o  others,  one  English  and  one  German,  the  German 
emigration  to  the  West  and  especially  to  Wisconsin  being  the 
most  considerable."     Mr.  Van  Steenwyek's  report  went  on: 

My  great  object  in  this  city  is  of  course  to  make  as  many  people 
as  possible  well  acquainted  with  our  state.  For  this  purpose  I  worked 
•by  distributing  the  pamphlets  on  vessels  (sail  and  steam),  in  hotels 
and  in  taverns,  mostly  to  the  immigrants  personally;  by  sending  the 
same  across  the  Atlantic  for  distribution  among  emigrants  leaving 
port;  by  advertising  in  English,  German,  and  Dutch  papers  here  and 
in  Europe;  by  editorials  in  such  papers;  and,  finally,  by  talking  per- 
sonally, or  by  my  assistants,  to  as  many  of  the  immigrants  as  possible, 
whenever  an  opportunity  offered  itself.  *  *  *  It  is  hardly  possible 
to  make  a  true  estimate  of  the  influence  exerted  by  the  agency  in  New 
York.  Information  has  emanated  from  there  in  every  direction  and 
is  now  spread  over  a  large  and  for  our  object  the  most  valuable  part 
of  Europe. 

After  four  years  this  canvass  for  immigrant  settlers  by  the 
state  \^%s  temix>rarily  discontinued;  but  a  similar  canvass  Avas 
raainitained  by  counties  and  land  companies,  and,  at  a  later  stage, 
by  railway  comp'anies,  some  of  them  sending  agents  to  travel 
in  Europe  and  create  by  lectures  and  publications  a  desire 
among  the  people  to  emigrate  to  Wisconsin.  An  active  propa- 
ganda by  the  state  itself  was  rocommienced  soon  after  the  War 
of  Secession  and  continued,  with  some  cliauges  of  detail,  almost 
to  the  present  tin^e. 


I40  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

ISTor  was  tlie  state  content  to  depend  npon  these  exertions.  In 
18G4:  the  legislature  memorialized  congress  for  the  passage  of 
national  laws  tending  to  encourage  foreign  immigration  to 
the  United  States.  The  nuemorial  set  forth  that  the  conse- 
quences of  tiie  withdrawal  of  lahor  from  the  agricultural  re- 
gions caused  by  the  war  then  in  progress,  were  more  serious 
than  was  generally  supposed ;  that  the  wages  of  those  whom  the 
agriculturist  must  employ,  or  lose  his  crop,  had  increased  more 
than  100  per  cent,  and  that  it  was  of  vital  importanw^  that  every 
effort  which  could  with  propriety  he  made  should  be  put  forth 
promptly  to  the  desired  end.  It  suggested/'the  appointment  of 
competent  and  faithful  agents  to  the  different  countries  of 
Eurojje,"  and  recommended  that  '^a  law  be  passed  exempting 
all  such  immigrants,  for  a  definite  period,  *  ■»  *  from  lia- 
bility to  militiary  service  in  the  armies  of  the  United  States.'' 

Chapter  176  of  the  laws  of  1879  was  entitled  an  act  to  estab- 
lish a  state  board  of  immigration.     It  provided  that — 

It  shall  be  the  duty  of  this  board  to  enhance  and  encourage  immi- 
gration to  this  state  from  other  states  and  from  the  Dominion  of  Can- 
ada and  from  Europe.  This  board  shall  have  authority  to  provide  for 
the  collection  of  statistics  and  useful  information  concerning  the  cli- 
mate, products,  population,  and  agricultural,  mineral  and  other  re- 
sources and  advantages  of  this  state,  and  for  the  printing  and  dissemi- 
nation of  the  same  in  such  languages  as  it  may  deem  necessary. 

Under  the  operation  of  this  law  the  state  of  Wisconsin  called 
to  foreigners  in  a  loud  voice.  Beside  advantages  of  climate 
and  natural  resources,  and  rich  lands  at  a  nominal  price  for 
all  who  would  settle  thereon,  with  a  free  school  system  and  a 
free  univ^ersity  opening  the  doors  of  learning  to  ambitious  youth, 
the  official  summons  held  out  other  attractive  inducements, 
which  must  have  made  it  seem  to  struggling  victims  of  jwlitical 
and  social  o])])n'ssion  in  the  overcrowded  monai-chies  of  Europe 
like  a  message  from  Utopia.  The  summons  was  printed  in 
many  languages : 

Come!  In  Wisconsin  all  men  are  free  and  equal  before  the  law. 
Every  man  is  entitled  to  his  opinion  and  the  privilege  of  expressing  it. 
If  harm  is  done  to  his  person,  his  property,  or  his  character,  he  has 
a  sure  remedy  in  the  law,  which  jealously  watches  over  all  the  sub- 


FOREIGN   IMMIGRATION   TO   WISCONSIN.  I4I 

jects  of  the  state.  The  law  knows  no  distinction  in  persons,  knows  no 
difference  between  stranger  and  native-born  citizen,  knows  neither 
wealth  nor  poverty;  right  and  justice  are  the  only  things  it  considers. 
In  Wisconsin  there  is  no  imprisonment  for  debt,  and  a  large  amount 
of  property  is  exempt  from  sale  or  seizure  on  account  of  debt.  In  Wis- 
consin religious  freedom  is  absolute,  and  there  is  not  the  slightest  con- 
nection between  church  and  state.  This  aaatter  is  left  entirely  to  the 
individual  desires  of  the  people.  In  Wisconsin  no  religious  qualifica- 
tion is  necessary  for  office  or  to  constitute  a  voter;  all  that  is  required 
is  for  the  man  to  be  21  years  old  and  to  have  lived  in  the  state  one 
year,  being  a  citizen  or  having  declared  his  intention  so  to  become. 
In  many  of  the  states  the  law  requires  a  residence  of  five  years  before 
one  is  entitled  to  vote,  but  Wisconsin  puts  the  limit  at  one  year.  In 
Wisconsin  not  only  has  each  man  the  right  to  vote,  if  he  has  resided  in 
the  state  a  year,  and  has  declared  his  intention  of  becoming  a  citizen, 
but  he  has  the  right  to  hold  any  office  in  the  state,  save  those  of  gov- 
ernor and  lieutenant-governor,  and  to  these  positions  he  is  eligible  as 
soon  as  he  becomes  a  full  citizen.  There  is  never  an  election  in  the 
state  that  does  not  put  some  (and  often  very  many)  foreign-born  citi- 
zens into  office.  Indeed,  there  is  no  such  thing  as  a  foreigner  in  Wis- 
consin, save  in  the  mere  accident  of  birth-place;  for  men  coming  here 
and  entering  into  the  active  duties  of  life  identify  themselves  with  the 
statQ^  and  her  interests,  and  are  to  all  intents  and  purposes  American.^ 

Is  it  wonderful  that  this  urgent  invitation  was  accepted  ?  It 
fell  upon  the  ears  of  men  and  women  living  where  crowded  popu- 
lations were  condemned  to  grinding  toil  for  the  barest  neces- 
saries of  existence;  whei"e  compulsory  military  service  robbed 
young  manhood  of  its  best  years ;  where  class  privilege  restricted 
jwlitical  po\yer  and  the  possibilities  of  social  advancement  to 
a  favored  few;  where  cruel  taxation  contended  with  the  starv- 
ing peasant  and  his  dear  ones  for  their  hard-earned  crust ;  where 
religious  and  race  persecution  made  a  hell  on  earth. 

When  Wisconsin,  because  she  needed  these  people,  clapped 
her  hand  upon  their  shoulders  and  urged  them  to  come  where 
every  man  can  be  a  king  unless  he  chooses  to  he  a  slave,  what 
wonder  that,  when  they  had  energy  enough  to  get  away,  they 
came  ? 


^  See  Wisconsin — What  It  Offers  to  the  Immigrant,  a  pamphlet, 
thousands  of  which  were  circulated  by  the  Wisconsin  state  board  of 
immigration  in  this  country  and  Europe.  The  language  above  used 
is,  except  in  rhetoric,  identical  with  that  of  a  paragraph  in  the  edi- 
tion of  1884. 


142  WISCONSIN   HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

Some  of  them  brought  a  little  money.  Some  of  them  brougfit 
household  equipments  and  tools  of  trade.  Some  brought  little 
beyond  the  clothes  in  which  they  traveled,  and  those  not  of  the 
best,  because  they  had  nothing  else  to  bring.  Most  of  them  were 
in  the  prime  of  life,  with  strong  constitutions  and  a  capacity 
and  inclination  for  work  There  were  those  among  them'  who 
possessed  skill  in  trades,  there  were  a  few  professional  men,  and 
a  few  who  were  adepts  in  the  arts.  There  were  m'any  used  only 
to  the  coarser  forms  of  labor.  There  was  work  enough  for  all, 
and  all  quickly  settled  into  vocations  suited  to  their  various  ca- 
pacities. With  few  exceptions  they  prospered,  and  as  they  be- 
came established,  they  sent  for  relatives  who  had  lingered  on  the 
other  side. 

It  was  not  until  1850  that  the  census  of  the  United  States 
began  to  include  statistics  showing  places  of  nativity.  In  1850, 
the  native-born  inhabitants  of  Wisconsin  numbered  194,079  and 
the  foreign-bom  110,477;  in  1860,  there  were  of  native-born 
residents  458,954  and  of  foreign-born  276,967 ;  in  1870,  native- 
born  690,171,  foreign-born  364,499;  in  1880,  native-born 
910,072,  foreign-born  405,425 ;  in  1890,  native-born  1,167,681, 
foreign-^born  519,199.  Of  course  these  figures  indicate  only 
partially  the  increase  of  the  population  due  to  immigration. 
The  census  of  1870  showed  that  of  a  total  population  of 
1,054,670  then  in  Wisconsin,  717,832,  that  is,  all  but  386,838 
of  the  inhabitants  of  the  state,  were  children  of  foreign-born 
fathers  or  foreign-born  mothers  or  foreign-bom  fathers  and 
mothers.  There  are  corresponding  reports  of  parentage  in  sub- 
sequent censuses,  but  no  statistics  separating  from  the  rest  of  the 
population  the  grandchildren  and  great-grandchildren  of  immi- 
grants, so  that  figures  showing  fully  and  exactly  the  extent  to 
which  immigration  has  increased  the  population  cannot  be  pre- 
sented or  obtained. 

The  census  of  1890  showed  that  of  the  519,199  foreign-born 
residents  of  Wisconsin  at  that  time  282,900  were  from  the  Ger- 
manic nations — 259,819  from  Germany,  4,856  from  Austria, 
6,252  from  Holland,  4,567  from  Belgium,  325  froni  Luxem- 
burg, and  7,181  from  Switzerland;  99,838  were  from  the  Scan- 
dinavian nations — 65,696  from  Norway,  20,157  from  Sweden, 


FOREIGN    IMMIGRATION   TO    WISCONSIN.  1 43 

and  13,885  from  Denmark;  99,888  were  from  British  domin- 
ions—33,163  from  Canada,  23,628  from  England,  33,306  from 
Ireland,  5,494  from  Scotland,  and  4,297  from  Wales;  32,424 
were  from  the  Slav  nations — 17,660  from  Poland,  11,999  from 
Bohemia,  2,279  from  Russia,  and  486  from  Hungary;  3,189 
were  from  the  Latin  nations — 2,009  of  these  from  France  and 
1,123  from  Italy. 

The  results  of  the  census  of  1900  illustrating  this  subject  are 
now  in  process  of  compilation,  and  a  bulletin  containing  the  fig- 
ures relating  to  Wisconsin  will  be  issued  from  the  bureau  at 
Washington  within  a  few  days. 

It  is  largely  due  to  foreign  immigration  that  Wisconsin  is  to- 
day a  commonwealth  with  a  population  of  more  than  two  mil- 
lion souls.  She  has  borne  a  conspicuous  part  in  the  most  stu- 
pendous political  experiment  in  the  history  of  mankind.  She 
has  wrought  heterogeneous  human  elements  gathered  from  all 
Europe  into  a  harmonious  industrial  democracy.  She  has  dem- 
onstrated the  truth  of  the  dictum^  that  in  the  tendency  of  na- 
tional life  racial  origin  is  a  smaller  determining  factor  than 
J)olitical  and  social  institutions.  The  first  settlers  of  Wiscon- 
sin were  from  the  eastern  part  of  the  United  States.  They  fixed 
the  framework  of  the  fabric  which  we  see  today.  Consider  the 
variety  of  the  human  elements  which  have  been  taken  into  fel- 
lowship, and  then  consider  the  faet  that  Milwaukee,  the  metrop- 
olis of  the  state,  in  which  all  these  elements  are  represented,  is 
one  of  the  most  prosperous  and  most  orderly  of  the  large  cities 
of  the  world.  Under  any  other  constitution  than  ours  could 
the  vast  experiment  which  has  been  here  attempted  have  been 
at  every  stage  from  the  inception  to  the  consummation  so  signal 
a  success  ? ,  The  stately  edifice  rests  ujion  the  twin  pillars  of  in- 
dividual liberty  and  local  self-governmen-t.  Two  millions  of 
happy  people,  various  in  origin,  here  live  together  in  harmonioua 
co-operation  under  a  constitution  which  guarantees  free  thought, 
free  speech,  a  free  press,  and  universal  suffrage. 


144  WISCONSIN   HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 


INFLUENCE  OF  THE  GERMANS  IN  WISCONSIN' 


BY  W.  HENSE-JENSEN. 

Two-thirds  of  Wisconsin's  inhabitants  are  said  to  have  Ger- 
man blood  in  their  veins.  The  state  is  sometimes  called  the 
most  Germanized  commonwealth  of  the  Union.  Is  this  true  ? 
lias  the  German  immig'ration  influenced  our  commonweal th  to 
such  an  extent  as  to  give  us  the  right  to  speak  of  a  Germanized 
Wisconsin  ?  In  some  respects  it  certainly  has  done  so,  but  not 
in  all. 

It  was  perhaps  a  defect  in  the  German's  character  that  the 
value  of  his  political  influence  was  below  par.  The  German, 
in  spite  of  his  numerical  power,  never  was  a  political  leader. 
He  lacks  that  political  training  and  subordination  necessary 
to  suecess,  and  he  is  clannish  beyond  m-esasure.  This  is  due  to 
the  political  conditions  of  Germany,  when  it  was  divided  into 
thirty-three  or  more  diminutive  states,  and  the  word  Germany 
was  only  a  geographical  idea.  The  genius  of  Bismarck  put  an 
end  to  that  wretched  condition;  but  -we  look  in  vain,  even  now, 
for  a  strong  national  feeling  among  the  Germans.  The  sins 
of  centuries  cannot  be  remedied  in  a  few  decades.  It  is  there- 
fore ntot  surprising  thait  the  German  could  not  equal  the  men  of 
other  nations  politically,  that  he  was  not  a  political  leader,  that 
he  was  considered  by  his  fellow-citizens  as  mere  "voting  cattle." 
Still,  as  a  politician  he  has  his  merits ;  at  no  time  was  he 
a  strict  party  man,  who  would  vote  for  any  "yellow  dog"  his 
part,y  nominated.  N^evertheless,  on  various  occasions  the  Ger- 
man element  cast  its  vote  almost  unanimously ;  this  was  the  case 

*  Address  delivered  before  the  Wisconsin  state  historical  convention 
at  Milwaukee,  October  11,  1901. 


iNFLUtlNCE    OF   THE    GERMANS    IN   WISCONSIN.  145 

not  only  wtien  its  much-cherished  beer-mug  was  endangered,  but 
far  more  when  great  political  and  ethical  ideas  were  at  issue. 

The  bulk  of  the  early  Grerman  immigrants  joined  the  Demo- 
cratic party.  The  reasons  why  are  known,  and  I  am  not  at 
leisure  to  discuss  them  thoroughly.  But  that  great  time  arrived 
when  Carl  Schurz  addressed  the  people  in  behalf  of  the  elec- 
tion of  Abraham  Lincoln,  and  advocated  the  eternal  principle 
tJiat  all  human  beings  are  bom  equally  free  and  independent; 
then  the  greater  part  of  the  Germans  joined  the  ranks  of  that 
new  party  which  had  been  ]>orn  only  a  few  years  before,  in  a 
small  to\vn  in  Wisconsin.  As  ready  as  they  were  to  join  this 
party,  just  so  quickly  they  left  it,  when  they  thought  that  they 
found  better  patriotism,  greater  morality,  more  lofty  ideas,  on 
the  other  side. 

The  national  campaign  of  1884  was  won  by  the  German,  who 
believed  that  Grover  Cleveland  \\'ould  be  jjreater  than  his  party. 
Again,  in  1890,  when  the  Bennett  law  was  considered  a  menace 
to  the  liberty  of  church  and  conscience,  the  Gennan  voter  turned 
his  back  to  old  par'ty  affiliations  and  voted  for  the  Democratic 
candidates.  But  how  sudden  the  change,  when,  six  years  later 
the  danger  was  imminent  of  pushing  our  country  to  the  verge 
of  financial  ruin !  How  overwhelming  the  Ile])ublican  vote  of 
the  German,  when  he  Avas  called  to  endorse  the  patriotic  and 
national  policy  of  our  martyred  president,  William  McKinley ! 
Why  did  he  do  so  ?  Kot  because  he  had  political  ambitions  and 
expected  rewards  and  lucrative  offices  from  the  victor.  His 
only  reason  for  taking  this  jwlitical  standpoint  lay  in  the  pro- 
foundness of  his  character,  the  inte^nseness  of  his  soul.  To  him 
it  is  natural  to  touch  not  only  the  surface  of  things  around  him, 
but  to  go  to  the  very  Ijottom  ;  whatever  he  does  is  done  with  heart 
and  soul.  All  the  achievements  of  the  German  immigrant  are 
due  to  this  trait  of  character.  Because  of  it,  his  influence  is 
felt  in  all  phases  of  public  life — in  politics,  in  business,  in 
church  and  family  affaire,  and,  last  but  not  least,  in  art  and 
science.     Wlio  ^vould  deny  it  ? 

At  first  the  Yankee  ridiculed  the  alleged  slowness  of  the  Ger- 
man's comprehension,   and  his  stubbornness.      But  gradually 


146  WISCONSIN   HIStOktcAL   SOCIEtV. 

the  Yankee  adopted  the  steadiness  of  the  German's  business 
methods.  Times  have  passed,  when  our  business  was  ruled  by 
wild  and  unsound  speculation.  The  German  solidity  prevails, 
advancing  the  general  welfare  of  our  commonwealth. 

The  greatest  differences  between  the  German  and  the  Yankee 
characters  were  shown  in  the  rural  life  of  the  early  pioneers. 
Compare  the  two  neighbors,  the  Yankee  and  the  German  farmer 
of  that  time.  To  the  former,  his  farm  was  only  a  means  of 
support  and  an  o-bject  of  speculation ;  without  regret  he  left  it 
after  the  soil  became  worthless  through  his  irrational  farming — 
his  continually  raising  one  kind  of  crop.  On  the  other  hand, 
the  German,  with  his  tender  home  feeling,  whose  farm  had  been 
won  by  hard  toil  from  an  unbroken  wilderness,  petted  it  as  a 
mother  would  her  child.  His  only  object  was  to  improve  his 
homestead,  and  to  leave  it  unincumbered  to  his  posterity.  Look 
over  the  flourishing  farms  of  Wisconsin  today,  and  deny  if  you 
can  that  this  German  spirit  has  become  the  characteristic  of  all 
nationalities  in  our  state. 

And  what  of  German  science  and  German  art  ?  In  the  year 
1848,  hundreds  and  thousands  of  highly-educated  men  were 
forced  by  the  tide  of  revolution  to  leave  the  fatherland;  they 
found  generous  hospitality  on  the  shores  of  father  Michigan. 
Educators  and  physicians,  musicians  and  artists,  actors,  theolo- 
gians, army  officers,  and  engineers, — all  of  them  independent 
characters,  and  longing  for  freedom  and  liberty, — settled  on 
the  borders  of  civilization,  in  a  country  then  in  the  prime  of 
development.  The  influence  of  this  immigration,  the  most  valu- 
able Wisconsin  ever  received,  was  immediately  felt.  At  first, 
our  educational  institutions  were  improved ;  the  mechanical 
methods  of  the  public  schools  changed  to  more  rational  teach- 
ing; the  kindergarten,  object  lessons,  and  singing,  were  in- 
troduced by  the  Germans.5  To  prove  these  assertions,  let  me 
mention  the  one  name  of  Peter  Engelmann,  that  eminent  stu- 
dent of  nature,  to  whose  initiative  we  owe  the  very  institute 
where  we  are  assemibled  today. 

We  need  not  confine  ourselves  to  the  public  schools  alone.  It 
must  be  admitted  that,  with  the  exception  of  our  two  Lutheran 


INFLUENCE    OF   THE   GERMANS   IN   WISCONSIN.  I47 

collies ,  the  high  schools,  colleges,  and  the  state  Tiniversity  did 
not  adopt  the  fomis  of  government  and  the  course  of  studies 
of  the  corresponding  German  institutions.  But  the  spirit  of 
profoundness,  of  devotion  to  the  given  task,  of  scientific  research, 
are  of  German  origin.  Our  science  received  a  good  deal  of  in- 
spiration from  German  universities;  and  at  all  higher  educa- 
tional institutions  we  meet  the  German  scholar.  Of  German 
origin  is  also  the  high  esteem^  now  accorded  to  the  man  of  science 
by  the  man  of  deed.  He  knows  that  his  greatest  power  is  due 
to  the  silent  and  unremitting  work  of  the  scholar ;  that,  as  our 
friend  Ernest  Bruncken  remarked  in  a  speech  a  few  days  ago, 
"the  man  of  deed  rests  upon  the  shoulders  of  the  man  of 
thought." 

Let  us  hope  that  in  this  manner  Wisconsin  may  be  further 
Germanized;  that  the  influence  of  such  traits  of  the  German 
character  may  continue  for  years  to  come.  Then  his  various 
weaknesses  and  shortcomings,  all  of  them  resulting  from  cen- 
turies of  oppression  and  misery,  will  do  us  no  harm. 


14^  Wisconsin  historical  society. 


POLANDERS  IN  WISCONSIN' 


BY  JOHN  W.  S,  TOMKIKWICZ. 

The  principal  reasons  for  Polish  immigi-ation  to  the  United 
States  have  been  the  grossly  inadequate  wages  paid  in  Europe ; 
the  inability  to  procure  farming  lands;  the  unjust  restraint  and 
oppression  of  Poland  by  the  three  powers,  Russia,  Austria,  and 
Germany — those  nations  having  so  restricted  and  limited  the 
rights  and  privileges  of  the  Poles  that,  in  some  instances,  it 
became  impossible  for  them  to  remain  longer  in  their  native 
country ;  religious  oppression  at  home ;  and  the  economic  advan- 
tages possessed  in  America  by  the  ordinary  working  classes. 
To  these  may  be  added  the  stringent  military  requiremients  of 
respective  government-s,  under  which  every  Pole  was  obliged  to 
serve  in  the  'army  from  three  to  five  years.  During  the  Franco- 
Prussian  war  in  1870,  there  was  among  the  nortt hem  Polish  prov- 
inces in  Europe  a  widesi>read  desire  for  migration  to  America ; 
and  miany  of  the  Poles  came  to  this  country,  the  cost  of  transpor- 
tation being  advanced  to  them  in  not  a  few  Cases.  At  the  pres- 
ent time  there  are  two  million  Polish- Americans  in  the  United 
States,  of  which  number  sixty  per  cent  were  born  in  Europe. 
The  city  of  Chicago  has  150,000  inhabitants  of  Polish  parentage, 
and  it  has  a  larger  population  of  Polish-Americans  than  has 
any  other  city  in  our  country.  There  are  three  hundred  Polish 
churches  in  the  United  States — forty-five  in  Wisconsin ;  fifty-two 
Polish  newspapers  in  the  United  States — five  in  Wisconsin;  a 
Polish  seminary,  in  the  city  of  Detroit;  a  Polish  college, 
in  Chicago;  a  Polish  high  school,  in  Milwaukee;  a  Polish  Cath- 
olic Union,  with  12,000  members;  the  Polish  N'ational  Alliance, 

^Address  delivered  before  the  Wisconsin  state  historical  convention 
at  Milwaukee,  October  11,  1901. 


POLANDERS   IN   WISCONSIN.  1 49 

with  30,000  members,  and  several  other  similar  organizations 
with  500  to  5,000  members  each;  a  Polish  singing  association; 
a  Polish  gymnastic  alliance;  and  many  other  organizations. 

The  first  Polish  settlers  in  Wisconsin  arrived  about  forty-five 
years  ago;  prominent  among  these  pioneers  were  xVnthony 
Kochanek,  Joseph  J.  Borchardt,  August  Rudzinski,  Martin 
Krueger,  and  Ludwig  Heller.  About  the  year  1872,  the  Polish 
colonies  in  Milwaukee  became  conspicuous,  and  during  the  la^t 
few  yeai*s  their  ix>pula!tion  has  gi-own  very  ra])idly — to  the  pres- 
ent number  of  fifty-thousand.  Scattered  through  the  state 
of  Wisconsin  there  are  important  Polish  settlements,  especially 
at  Marinette,  Stevens  Point,  Berlin,  Menasha,  Manitowoc,  Bea- 
ver Dam,  La  Crosse,  and  Independence.  Several  other  Polish 
colonies  are  now  being  formed,  as  the  Poles  are  fond  of  farm- 
ing, and  prefer  country  to  city  life.  About  one-fifth  of  the  poi»- 
ulation  in  Stevens  Point,  and  at  least  half  of  that  of  Portage 
county,  are  Polanders.  The  Polish  inhabitants  of  Wisconsin 
now  number  about  200,000. 

.  It  is  a  natural  instinct,  with  the  Poles  to  live  in  an  economical 
manner;  but,  at  the  same  time,  they  fully  enjoy  the  pleasures 
of  life,  as  well  as  others.  It  has  been  assumed  that  virtually 
all  the  Polish  ])eople  are  ordinary  ])oor  laborei*s.  This  is  a  mis- 
taken and  untrue  notion ;  if  any  one  will  take  the  time  to  inves- 
tigate, he  will  be  convinced  that  such  statements  arc  erroneous. 
The  majority  of  the  Poles  have  properties  of  their  own ;  and 
among  them  are  not  less  than  a  hundred  persons  in  Wisconsin 
who  are  considered  to  be  worth  from  $25,000  to  $100,000. 
'The  homes  of  Poles  are  neat  and  well  furnished,  and  they  live 
very  comfortably.  There  are  several  Polish  building  and  loan 
associations  in  Wisconsin ;  the  largest  of  these  are  the  Skarb 
Polski  Mutual,  and  the  Polish  National.  The  former  is  re- 
garded as  one  of  the  strongest  in  the  state ;  it  conducts  business 
on  a  large  scale,  and  makes  more  building  loans  than  any  other 
association  in  the  city  of  Milwaukee.  As  a  general  rule,  the 
Poles  are  industrious,  sober,  intelligent,  and  patriotic  people. 
-Few  foreigiu'rs  in  this  country  possesses  more  national  character- 
istics than  do  the  Poles,  for  they  cling  closely  to  the  precedents 
of  society  and  custom  long  established  in  Poland.     On  Sundays 


I50  WISCONSIN   HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

and  holidays  their  neat  and  tasteful  apparel  is  conspicuous,  and 
their  preference  is  for  garments  clean,  simple,  and  neat,  rather 
than  expensive  or  showy. 

The  military  spirit  of  the  Poles  was  early  displayed  in  our 
state,  and  rendered  them  prominent  in  military  affairs.  In 
the  year  18Y7  a  Polish  company,  the  Kosciuszko  Guard,  was 
organized  in  Milwaukee ;  and  in  the  same  year  it  became  a  com- 
pany in  the  Wisconsin  National  Guard.  Its  officers  were: 
Captain,  Francis  J.  Borchardt ;  first  lieutenant,  Jacob  Nowak ; 
second  lieutenant,  Martin  Schubert.  During  the  captaincy  of 
Borchardt,  the  Guard  was  in  its  prime,  and  displayed  fine  tech- 
nic  in  drill  and  military  discipline.  The  adjutant-general  of 
Wisconsin,  in  reporting  to  Governor  Smith  in  1879,  said  of  this 
company:  "It  makes  an  exceedingly  fine  appearance;  is  well 
drilled  and  disciplined ;  and  under  their  able  commander  can 
safely  be  classed  as  one  of  the  best  companies  in  the  state."  Capt. 
Borchardt  took  'an  active  interest  in  the  maintenance  of  military 
interest  among  the  Poles.  In  1886  he  originated  the  scheme 
of  building  a  large  and  substantial  armory  for  the  guard ;  it  was 
successful  a  year  later  and  the  building  erected, — on  First  ave- 
nue, between  Lapham  and  Mitchell  streets, — and  named  the 
Kosciuszko  armory.  It  is  the  largest  armory  in  the  state. 
Its  interior  is  artistically  decorated  with  various  well-selected 
emblems  of  Old  Poland  and  of  America.  During  the  conflict 
l>etween  the  United  States  and  Spain,  the  Kosciuszko  Guard, 
then  commanded  by  Capt.  Thaddeus  Wild,  was  one  of  the  com- 
panies that  volunteered  for  the  war.  This  company  was  sta- 
tioned at  Jacksonville,  Florida,  during  the  war,  awaiting  orders 
to  march  to  the  front.  Several  Polish  youths  have  gone  to  the 
Philippine  Islands,  and  have  been  actually  engaged  in  bloody 
battles  there. 

In  regard  to  the  congregations  and  schools  in  Milwaukee,  it 
may  be  said  that  there  were  several  groups  or  colonies  of  Poland- 
ers  who  early  came  to  the  Cream  City.  One  colony  settled  on 
the  East  side  in  the  first,  eighteentli,  and  thirteenth  wards.  This 
group  erected  a  Polish  church  on  the  corner  of  Franklin  and 
Brady  streets.  The  other  colony  settled  down  on  the  South 
side,   in  the  eleventh,  twielfth,   and   fourteenth   wards.     They 


POLANDERS    IN   WISCONSIN.  15I 

erected  a  church  on  the  corner  of  Grove  and  Mitchell  streets, 
known  as  St.  Stanislaus  church.  In  the  year  1865  some  of 
the  pioneers  had  organized  the  first  Polish  Catholic  church  in 
our  state.  There  were  then  only  thirty  Polish  families  in  Mil- 
waukee; they  purchased  a  small  church  from  the  St.  Stephen's 
I>utheran  congregation  on  the  corner  of  Grove  and  Mineral 
streets.  Among  the  beautiful  and  costly  churches  (now  seven  in 
numlber)  since  erected  by  the  Poles  of  Milwaukee,  the  magnifi- 
cent St.  Josephat's,  on  the  comer  of  Lincoln  and  First  avenues, 
is  pre-eminent.  It  cost  $250,000,  and  is  the  largest  Polish  Cath- 
olic church  ever  erected  in  any  city  of  the  United  Sta,tes.  Un- 
usual features  of  this  edifice  are  the  artistic  interior  decoration 
and  beautiful  sf atuarv. 

Connected  with  all  the  Polish  churches  are  commodious  school 
buildings,  with  good  teachers  and  instructors.  The  St.  Jose- 
phat's school  has  the  largest  number  of  children,  averaging  1,000 
pupils.  The  Polish  high  school — connected  with  St.  Josephat's 
church,  and  known  as  St.  Josephat's  normal  school — ^was 
'  built  in  the  year  1890.  Shorthand,  type-writing,  book-keeping, 
and  general  business  courses  are  taught,  and  its  work  has  been 
very  successful.  Of  lat-e,  a  large  percentage  of  Polish  children 
are  sent  to  the  public  schools,  immediately  after  confirmation ; 
and  many  would  attend  the  public  schools  only,  if  accommoda- 
tions therein  would  allow.  The  nrajority  of  the  Poles  speak  the 
German  language  with  ease — indeed,  they  are  often  taken  for 
Germans ;  and  the  yoimgor  meml^rs  of  Polish  families  are  thor- 
oughly familiar  with  the  English  language.  The  Polanders 
deserve  credit  for  loving  their  native  language — as  a  rule,  more 
than  other  nationalities,  for  they  speak  it  at  all  times,  and  in 
all  places.  The  Polish  language  is  one  of  the  most  refined,  and 
the  Polish  literature  the  most  interesting,  in  the  world.  True 
sympathy  and  feeling  can  not  be  expressed  in  English,  as  it  is 
susceptible  of  being  expressed  in  the  Polish  language.  As  a 
rule,  when  the  attempt  is  made  to  translate  Polish  poetry  and 
other  literature  into  English,  it  is  immediately  strlp]>ed  of  its 
sympathetic  quality,  and  seems  almost  meaningless. 

The  Kuryer  Publishing  Company  is  the  leading  Polish  pub- 
lishing firm  in  the  United  States.     It  is  the  proprietor  of  the 


152  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

Kurycr  Folslci,  the  oldest  Polish  daily  newspaper,  which  has 
a  large  circulation.  Michael  Kruszka,  the  president  of  tlie 
company,  has  individually  published  this  paper  for  the  last  fif- 
teen years,  and  he  has  been  prominent  in  politics ;  in  1892,  he 
was  elected  to  the  state  senate. 

The  Poles  have  become  known  everywhere  for  their  political 
ambition  and  their  influence  in  local  politics.  The  majority 
of  the  Poles  are  Democrats ;  but  of  late  years  they  have  changed, 
and  now  they  include  Republicans  as  well  as  Democrats.  Many 
Poles  have  held  or  now  hold  positions  of  trust  and  confidence. 

The  Poles  never  forget  their  patriots,  and  always  praise  their 
deeds  in  fighting  for  the  liberty  of  their  beloved  native  land. 
In  Milwaukee,  there  is  on  the  South  side  a  i)ublic  ])ark,  which 
has  been  named  in  honor  of  the  Polish  hero  Thaddeus  Kosci- 
uszko.  In  the  spring  of  1901,  a  corporation  was  organized  by 
the  Polos  of  Milwaukee,  under  the  name  of  the  "Kosciuszko 
Monument  Association,"  for  the  purpose  of  erecting  a  monument 
in  honor  to  Kosciuszko.  Active  measures  have  been  taken  for 
the  purpose  of  raising  the  necessary  funds ;  thus  far  over  $5,000 
worth  of  stock  has  been  actually  subscribed  for ;  and  it  is  ex- 
l)ected  that  in  the  near  future  there  will  be  $25,000  sul>scrilxxl 
for,  and  paid  into  the  treasury  of  the  association  for  the  monu- 
ment. It  is  hoped  that  in  less  than  t\vo  years  the  Kosciuszko 
monument  will  be  erected  and  detlicated  in  Kosciusko  park, 
in  the  midst  of  one  of  the  largest  Polish  settlements  in  the 
T.^nited  States. 


TlIE   SCOTS    IN    WISCONSIN.  1 53 


THE  SCOTS  IN  WISCONSIN 


BY  JAMES  A.   BEYDEX. 

The  question  will  naturally  be  asked,  "What  has  the  Scotch 
element  accomplished  in  the  way  of  agricultural  development  ?" 
as  that  was  one  of  the  earliest  and  most  important  industries 
in  the  pioneer  history  of  our  territory  and  state.  As  early  as 
1832  and  1834,  Scotchmen  were  here  with  axe  and  saw,  clear- 
ing away  the  heavy  forests  and  huilding  log  cabins  for  their 
families,  and  sheds  to  shelter  their  horses  and  cattle.  Then 
they  began  tilling  the  virgin  soil,  patiently  waiting  for  the  har- 
vest ttme  to  reap  the  fruits  of  their  toil  and  industry,  that  they 
might  barter  their  surplus  produce  for  clothing,  sugar,  and  other 
necessaries  of  life.  Undaunted  by  hardships  and  privations,  and 
determined  to  succeed,  they  persevered  in  this  arduous  toil; 
after  long  years  of  waiting,  success  crowned  these  efforts,  aided 
by  their  frugality  and  economical  habits.  They  were  classed 
among  the  most  respected  citizens  of  Wisconsin,  and  were  rec- 
ognized as  Ix'ing  at  the  head  of  the  farming  industries  in  this 
state. 

After  agriculture  had  made  such  wondei*f\d  developments,  it 
l)ecanie  necessary  to  build  warehouses  to  handle  and  store  the 
grain  and  other  produce  of  the  farmer.  Here,  too,  were  fomid 
the  Scots,  with  otliei"s,  engaged  in  erecting  these  buildings. 
Horses  and  oxen  brought  to  market  from  a  distance  of  60 
to  100  miles  the  surplus  products  of  Wisconsin  soil. 
Agricultural  production  increased  so  rapidly  that  horses 
and  oxen  became  inadequate  to  perform  the  task  of  transpor- 

'  Address  delivered  before  the  Wisconsin  state  historical  convention 
at  Milwaukee,  October  11,  1901. 

11 


154  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

tation.  At  this  juncture  came  tlie  railroads,  to  pei-form  their 
part  in  the  further  development  of  our  state ;  and  they  soon 
opened  a  way  though  the  primeval  forests,  to  the  great  benefit 
of  the  i)roducer.  Among  the  promoters  and  at  the  head  of  this 
much-needed  enterprise  we  find  a  Scotchman.  When  capital 
was  called  upon  to  do  its  part  in  c<[)nstructing  and  equipping 
a  road  to  handle  the  rapidlj^-iuicreasing  products,  a  Scot  was 
placed  at  the  helm,  Alexander  Miteholl,-who  Ix^eamc  the  great- 
est and  most  successful  banker  and  financier  in  Wisconsin — 
and,  some  say,  in  the  West. 

Milwaukee  at  tliat  time  was  in  her  infancy,  but  some  of  our 
early  settlers  and  energetic  citizens  saw  a  bright  future  in  the 
distance,  and  at  once  set  out  with  the  determination  to  rear  a 
great  city  on  the  western  shore  of  Lake  Michigan.  In  building 
up  this  'beautiful  and  sul>stantial  metropolis,  Scotchmen  are  en- 
titled to  their  share  of  the  credit. 

George  Smith,  a  Scotchman  ])romincntly  identified  with  the 
financial  development  of  Milwaukee  and  the  ISTorthwest,  was 
located  in  Chicago  as  early  as  1834;  and  in  1839  he  estab- 
lished x\lexander  Mitchell,  as  his  representative  in  Mil- 
waukee. They  gave  the  I^orthwest  a  credit  currency 
which  was  always  redeemable  on  demand,  and  not  one  dollar 
of  which  ever  lost  its  validity  as  a  medium  of  exchange.  When 
the  people  refused  the  notes  of  other  banks,  the  notes  of  the 
Mitchell  bank  were  accepted  everywhere  without  question.  Sub- 
sequently Mr.  Mitchell  built  up  the  small,  bankrupt  railways 
of  Wisconsin,  Minnesota,  and  Iowa  into  a  compact  system,  with 
its  headquarters  in  Milwaukee,  thus  contributing  more  than  did 
any  other  one  man  to  raise  Wisconsin's  chief  city  to  the  metro- 
politan rank  which  it  now  enjoys.,  With  him  in  the  bank  were 
conspicuously  and  honorably  associated  two  other  Scotchmen, 
David  Ferguson  and  Jolm  Johnston — ^the  latter  of  whom,  the 
})resident  of  your  Wisconsin  State  Historical  Society,  is  still 
identified  with  the  bank,  and  active  in  various  enterprises  con- 
tributing to  the  growth  and  prosperity  of  Milwaukee. 

Mr.  Mitchell's  son,  John  L.  Mitchell,  has  served  with  credit 
in  the  lower  house  of  congress  and  in  the  senate  of  the  United 
States.       Another  man  of  Scotch  blood,  though  bom  in  this 


THE    SCOTS    IN    WISCONSIN.  1 55 

eountry,  iViigiis  Cameron,  lias  ablj  and  faithfully  represented 
tliis  staite  in  the  United  States  senate,  Arthur  MacArthur,  a 
Scotchman,  was  judge  of  the  circuit  court,  lieutenant-governor, 
and,  during  a  brief  period,  acting  governor.  His  son,  Maj.-Gen. 
Arthur  MacArthur,  has  won  the  plaudits  of  the  American  peo- 
ple by  his  successful  campaign  for  the  pacification  of  the  Phil- 
ippines. 

The  Scotchmen  who  have  taken  part  in  politics  in  this  state 
have  usually  favored  conservative  policies,  as  did  Alexander 
^Mitchell  when  he  made  his  effective  speech  in  congress  against 
tlie  greenback  inflation  bill,  in  1874.  William  E.  Smith,  as  the 
llepublican  candidate  for  governor  in  1877,  took  a  more  posi- 
tive stand  than  did  the  platform  of  his  party  in  favor  of  sound 
currency,  and  was  supjwrted  in  that  position  by  the  majority  of 
the  voters.  There  have,  howe\'er,  been  Scotchmen  in  Wisconsin 
politics  who  championed  experiments ;  as,  for  instance,  W.  K. 
Wilson,  one  of  the  leadei-s  of  the  land-limitation  movement  of 
the  early  50's,  and  Colin  Campbell,  who  was  the  Socialist  can- 
didate for  the  governorship  in  1877. 

Scotchmen,  as  a  rule,  however,  have  kept  out  of  politics  as 
a  profession,  devoting  themselves  to  business  and  other  useful 
pursuits,  in  which  some  of  them  have  achieved  undoubted 
success.  In  the  foundry,  in  the  machine-shop,  and  in  all  manu- 
facturing industries,  you  generally  find  Scotchmen  in  the 
front  rank.  James  Sheriffs  est-ablished  the  Vulcan  iron  works, 
and  introduced  a  useful  invention  in  the  form  of  a  propeller 
wheel.  Gardiner  Campbell,  also  a  foundrvman,  became  famous 
all  over  the  country  as  a  maker  of  bells,  one  of  which  was  placed 
in  the  tower  of  our  Milwaukee  city  hall.  William  D.  Gray  is 
one  of  the  best  known  milling  engineers  in  the  United  States, 
and  invented  and  put  in  operation  the  first  roller-mill  in  this 
country.  He  is  also  a  modest  Scot  of  Milwaukee.  There  is 
another  industiy  in  which  we  find  Scotchmen  successfully  en- 
gaged— namely,  the  culture  of  shrubs,  plants,  flowers,  and  every- 
thing pertaining  to  horticultural  development.  A  few  of  those 
distinguished  in  this  line  have  been  J.  W.  Dunlop,  Archie  Mid- 
dlemas,  the  Currie  Brothers,  and  J.  A.  Pettigrew.  The  latter 
is  perhaps  one  of  the  best  landscape  gardeners  in  this  country, 


156  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

and  at  present  is  suiKn'intenclent  of  tlie  whole  system  of  parks  in 
Bostfjn.  The  Ciirrie  ]3rothers  are  aniorii>-  the  leading  seedsmen 
of  tlie  West. 

The  Lindsay  Brothers  are  perha^js  the  largest  and  best  known 
dealers  in  agrienltiiral  implements  in  the  Xorthwest.  Robert 
Hill  oi)erates  the  largest  cold-storage  establishment  in  Milwan- 
kee.  Peter  McGeoch  was  not  only  a  packer  and  a  large  opera- 
tor in  the  grain  and  i)rovision  market,  but  he  built  and  for 
yeai-s  conducted  a  well-managed  and  ])rosiierous  street  railway. 
James  Douglas  rose  from  a  carpenter  contractor  to  the  highest 
ranks,  and  became  a  prominent  arclutect.  James  MacAlister 
won  renowii  as  an  educator,  and  after  gaining  great  credit  as 
superintendent  of  the  public  schools  of  Milwaukee,  was  called 
to  Philadelphia,  where  he  is  now  at  the  head  of  the  Drexel  in- 
stitute. William  P.  McLaren  is  a  vice-president  of  one  of  the 
most  flourishing  American  corporations  in  the  life  insurance 
field.  Alfred  James  is  the  head  of  one  of  the  most  prosperous 
fire  insurance  corporations  in  the  Tnited  States. 

The  people  of  Scottish  origin  in  Wisconsin  have  in  many 
ways  exerted  a  l>eneficial  influence  in  the  community.  Their 
example  of  industry,  thrift,  and  ste:adf astneas- has  been  whole- 
some and  lielj)ful.  Most  of  them  ]>rought  from  their  native 
land  the  habit  of  Sabbath  observance  and  regidar  attendance 
n|X>n  public  worshij),  which  they  and  their  children  have  re- 
tained. In  the  roll  of  notable  ministers  of  religion  whose  eio 
quence  and  ability  have  at  different  times  given  distinction  to 
the  Milwaukee  pulpit,  will  'be  found  the  names  of  several  men 
of  Scottish  birth.  But  while  a  serious  ])eo])le,  much  given  lo 
metaphysics,  the  Scotch  have  never  neglected  the  nuiterial  con- 
cerns of  life.  The^•  are  canty  as  well  as  thoughtful ;  they  be- 
lieve in  nourishing  the  l)ody  as  well  as  ihe  soul.  The  banqueb 
arranged  by  Milwaukee  Scotchmen  in  1859  in  celebration  of 
the  centenary  of  the  birth  of  Rol>ert  Burns  was  the  most  elal)0- 
rate  and  enjoyable  affair  of  the  sort  which  up  to  that  time  had 
ever  occurred  in  this  city }  and  in  the  happy  eloquence  which 
characte.rized  the  responses  to  its  toasts,  as  well  as  in  the  ele- 
gance of  all  its  apix>intments,  it  set  a  mark  which  was  long 
emulated  by  the  projectors  of  other  entertainments  of  the  kind. 


I 


THE    SCOTS    IN    WISCONSIN.  1 57 

At.  tiieir  banquets,  and  on  atlior  occasions,  the  Sootcli  have  not 
neglected  iX)etrj  and  music,  the  love  for  which  is  inborn  in 
children  of  the  land  of  Robert  Burns.  Among  the  sweet  sing- 
ers of  Scottish  song  have  been  Robert  Menzies,  "William  Strath- 
em,  lioibert  Si)ieaton,  William  and  elames  Currie,  Archie  Mid- 
dlemas.  Dr.  Charles  Ci,  Willson,  and  nianv  other  members  of 
the  St.  Andrews  society.  Robert  Shiells  and  B.  I.  Durward 
have  been  ranked  as  poets  of  renown  since  the  immense 
gathering  at  the  Burns  centenary  celebration  rapturously  ap- 
plauded the  original  poems  which  they  delivered  <ni  that  occa- 
sion. 

The  Scotch  have  done  much  to  create  an  interest  in  hardy 
outdcM:)r  sjwrts  and  athletic  games.  Their  national  game  of 
curling,  practiced  on  the  ice  near  the  junction  of  the  ^Milwaukee 
and  ^lenomonee  rivers  nearly  liity  years  ago,  gave  rise  to  the 
organization  of  a  ^lilwaukee  Curling  Club  composed  of  Englisli, 
Irish,  Germans,  and  Americans,  a^^  w^ell  as  Scotchmen,  who  have 
become  confirmed  enthusiasts  in  this  invigorating  winter  sport. 
The  annual  Scotch  picnic,  begun  in  18(30,  with  a  programme 
of  athletic  competitions  for  prizes,  is  a  recognized  Milwaukee 
institution,  and  has  won  the  tribute  of  extensive  imitation. 

There  are  others  better  fitted  than  1  to  write  the  history  of 
the  Scotch  in  Wisconsin.  The  president  of  your  Society — a 
Scotchman  of  whom  Scotchmen  are  proud,  and  an  American 
l)v  adoption,  like  myself — made  a  contribution  to  the  subject 
some  years  ago,  in  which  he  observed  that,  according  to  the  cen- 
sus of  18SK),  it  a]>])earcd  that  of  the  ^50,000  men,  -w-xunen,  and 
children  then  living  in  ^lilwaukee,  only  686  were  of  Scottish 
liirth.  Your  secretary,  Mr.  Thwaites,  says  in  his  Story  of  ^Yis- 
consin  that  the  Scotch  are  found  in  considerable  numbers  in 
Cohunbia,  Huflalo,  Green  Lake,  Kenosha,  Marathon,  and  Trem- 
pealeau counties.  To  this  list  I  would  add  tlie  counties  of  Rii- 
cine,  Walworth,  and  Rock,  while  noting  the  fact  that  the  Scot 
is  represented  in  every  county  in  the  state.  In  R^icine  and 
Rxx'k,  however,  the  Scotch  are  especially  numerous,  and  were 
a  noteworthy  element  ainong  the  early  settlers.  In  a  recent 
visit  to  the  towns  of  Dover  and  Yorkville,  in  Racine  county, 
I  found  in  one  of  the  most  beautiful  small  cemeteries  in  Wis- 


158  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

cousin  familiar  Scottish  names  upon  a  larg'e  numiber  of  the 
monumjents.  Kock  county  is  one  of  the  richest  agricultural 
counties,  and  among  its  residents  are  several  Scotchmen  of  con- 
siderable wealth.  It  was  at  Milton,  in  Rock  county,  that  James 
Home,  father  of  the  Homo  bn>thors  of  Milwaukee,  located  in 
1836,  and  became  a  ])roniinent  and  prosperous  farmer.  Exact 
statistics  on  the  subject  from  the  latest  census  are  not  yet  avail- 
able; but  I  think  I  may  safely  say,  without  fear  of  contradic- 
tion, that  the  Scottish  contingent  of  Wisconsin's  population  has, 
beyond  its  numerical  projwrtion,  contributed  tx>  the  social  and 
the  industrial  develo]>ment  of  the  state. 


OUR   BOHEMIAN    POPULATION.  1 59 


OUR  BOHEMIAN  POPULATION 


BY   J.    J.   VT.ACH. 

The  chief  causes  for  Bohemian  emi^ation  to  this  country 
are  coniinon  to  all  other  industrial  countries  of  Europe,  Polit- 
ical oppression,  militarism,  low  wa^'es,  overcrowded  labor  mar- 
kets, tlie  prospect  of  improving  their  material  condition,  and 
the  love  of  liberty — such  are  the  causes  which  bring  foreign  set- 
tlers to  this  country,  Bohemian  emigration  did  not  begin  as 
early  as  in  other  countries,  although  a  number  of  Bohemian 
and  Moravian  families  migrated  to  the  American  colonies  after 
the  defeat  of  Wliite  Mountain  in  1G20 ;  history  mentions  them 
as  fighting  for  American  independence.  After  that  the  Bohe- 
mian emigration  was  very  limited,  and  hardly  noticeable  until 
it  was  revived  in  1848 ;  but  today  there  are  in  the  United  States 
over  half  a  million  of  Bohemians,  over  50,000  of  whom  made 
their  homes  in  this  state. 

The  Bohemians  do  not  come  here  with  the  intention  of  amass- 
ing riches  and  then  returning  to  the  old  country ;  they  come  here 
to  stay.  When  they  come  to  America  they  are  not  different 
from  the  immigrants  of  other  countries.  They  bring  with  them 
the  customs  and  habits  of  their  native  land;  they  remember 
with  sadness  and  pride  their  old  homes;  but  none  the  less  do 
they  love  and  cherish  their  new  homes,  and  are  always  ready 
and  willing  to  offer  their  lives  and  goods  whenever  this  coun- 
try is  in  need  of  them.  Many  a  Bohemian  fell  fighting  under 
the  stars  and  stripes  during  our  late  War  of  Secession;  many  a 

^  Address  delivered  before  the  Wisconsin  state  historical  convention 
at  Milwaukee,  Oct.  11,  1901. 


l6o  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

Bohemian  mother  watclied  in  vain  for  the  return  of  her  son  who 
went  to  help  liberate  an  oppressed  people. 

In  this  state  we  find  the  Bohemians  engaged  in  nearly  all 
the  useful  avocations.  They  are  good  tillers  of  the  soil,  of 
which  many  beautiful  farms  all  over  the  state  bear  witness. 
We  find  them  in  the  factories,  shops,  and  stores,  and  there  are 
Bohemian  physicians,  lawyers,  druggists,  teachers,  etc.  Many 
large  Bohemian  settlements  miay  be  found,  es})eeially  in  the 
counties  of  Manitowoc,  Kewaunee,  Oconto,  La  Crosse,  Adams, 
and  Marathon. 

In  their  social  life  the  Bohemians  of  this  state  are  in  no 
way  behind  other  nationalities.  They  have  benevolent,  re- 
ligious, dramatic,  musical,  educational,  turner,  and  other  socie- 
ties. They  own  their  halls,  churches,  and  schools.  In  Milwau- 
kee alone  there  are  at  least  fifteen  Bohemian  societies ;  they  own 
a  beautiful  hall  on  the  corner  of  Wine  and  Twelfth  streets,  and 
two  churches. 

The  Bohemians  are  assiduous  readers  of  newspapers  and 
books ;  consequently,  wherever  there  is  a  Bohemian  settlement 
there  is  a  Bohemian  newspaper.  There  are  published  in  the 
United  States  twelve  Bohemian  dailies  and  at  least  twenty 
weekly  papers.  In  Wisconsin,  Bohemian  weekly  papers  are 
published  at  Racine,  Kewaunee,  La  tVosse,  and  in  Milwaukee 
two,  the  Domacnost  and  the  Bovnost — the  former,  a  family  pa- 
per, having  a  large  circulation  all  over  the  United  States.  It 
may  further  Ik?  truthfully  said  that  the  J>ohemian8,  as  soon  as 
they  land  on  our  shores,  try  their  Ix^st  to  familiarize  themselves 
with  the  language  and  institutions  of  this  country;  and  it  was 
to  aid  them  in  this  praiseworthy  effort  that  newspapers  were 
published  in  their  native  tongue. 

In  political  affairs,  the  Bohemians  of  this  state  have  been 
taught  that  one  of  the  essential  qualifications  of  good  citizen- 
ship is  reverent  submission  to  law.  Consequently  their  polit- 
ical history  will  show  that  they  are  not  inclined  to  abandon  in- 
dividual duty  and  responsibility,  or  to  prostitute  the  privileges 
and  opix>rtunities  afforded  by  a  free  and  generous  popular  gov- 
ernment to  the  behest  of  corrupt  selfishness  and  disloyalty  to 
public  trust.     They  take  great  pride  in  their  citizenship,  and 


Our  SohemiAn  population.  i6i 

fully  appreciate  our  <>'eiierous  laws  that  vest  tlioiii  with  the 
s|>eedy  rig'ht  to  vote. 

Aside  from  an  exceedingly  personal  interest  which  the  Bohe- 
mians always  take  in  every  election,  their  duties  to  their  liouies 
and  families  have  overshadowed  any  temptation  to  become  p«)- 
litical  leaders  or  conspicuous  public  characters.  Thus  far  in 
this  state  they  have  proven  themselves  content  with  gradual 
financial  success  as  laborers,  farmers,  mechanics,  and  busincns 
men.  They  follow  admirably  the  wise  saying  that  "an  unwise 
thirst  for  public  employment  is  the  worst  of  social  maladies." 
Of  course,  if  either  of  the  two  great  political  parties  recogiiizes 
them  with  an  appointive  office,  they  take  great  pride  in  the  fact ; 
or,  when  one  of  them  is  elected  to  an  office,  he  always,  so  far 
as  I  know,  tries  to  perform  its  duties  honestly.  I  am  still 
looking  for  a  Bohemian-American  who,  whether  appointed  or 
elected  to  an  office,  proved  himself  false  or  dishonest.  It  may 
lie  said  of  the  Bohemians  that,  just  as  Hollanders  are  and  al- 
ways were  unswerving  Republicans,  so  the  Bohemians  were  al- 
ways loyal  Demoerats ;  but  in  recent  years  many  of  them  arc 
clmnging  their  political  views  and  are  joining  the  ranks  oF  the 
liepublicans.  Let  scorn  or  wit  exhaust  their  sneers  and  jibes, 
one  fact  must  be  admitted  and  cannot  be  truthfiilly  denied  of 
Bohemians — that  as  "^lugwumps"  they  have  always  exerted 
themselves  for  something  higher  and.  nobler  than  mere  official 
])atronage,  and  they  cannot  be  accuseil  of  office-begging.  This 
aloue  gives  them  a  right  to  respect,  and  in  it  can  be  discerne<l 
a  principle  of  political  action,  which  should  be  an  inspiring  and 
elevating  force  in  a  government  like  our  own. 

Among  the  few  men  who  have  held  positions  of  political  prom- 
inence, and  have  been  more  or  less  intluential  in  shaping  the 
ix)litieal  choice  of  the  Bohemians  in  America,  was  the  lamented 
Charles  Jonas  of  Racine,  who,  serving  this  country  as  consid 
to  Germany,  came  to  an  untimely  death.  With  deep  affection 
for  and  trust  in  his  o\vi\  people,  he  made  it  his  life-work  to  try 
to  better  their  condition.  He  w'as  recognized  as  the  Bohemian 
authority  of  this  country.  His  close  application  to  literature 
and  journalism,  and  his  own  ambitious  efforts,  undermined  his 
health.     He  was  editor  of  the  SJavie,  and  author  of  various  use- 


162  WISCONSIN   HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

fill  books ;  among  these  were  translations  of  American  laws  and 
the  constitution,  and  English-Bohemian  and  Bohemian-English 
dictionaries — books  which  may  be  found  in  almost  every  Bohe- 
mian home. 

In  conclusion,  I  will  only  add  that  the  Bohemians  do  not  pre- 
tend to  be  better  than  any  other  of  the  many  nationalities  that 
establish  their  homes  in  this  state;  but  I  do  claim  that  they 
try  their  best  to  be  good  American  citizens,  and  they  only  ask 
from  their  American  fellow-citizens  charitable  indulgence  for 
their  imperfections  and  deficiencies.  In  a  decade  or  two  there 
will  no  longer  be  Germans,  Bohemians,  Irish,  Hollanders,  Poles, 
or  other  foreign  elements,  but  one  great,  invincible,  and  liberty- 
loving  American  nation.  The  many  nationalities  that  now  oc- 
cupy the  United  States  will  only  live  in  history.  And  the  Bohe- 
mians, like  others,  try  to  bequeath  to  their  children  and  descend- 
ants an  honest  and  untarnished  name,  so  that  in  after  years  they 
need  not  be  ashamed  of  their  Bohemian  ancestors ;  but  may  with 
pride  own  that  they  are  Americans  of  Bohemian  descent. 


Wisconsin's  contribution  to  inventions.        163 


WISCONSIN'S  CONTRIBUTION 
INVENTIONS' 


TO  AMERICAN 


BY  HAROT.D  G.  UNDERWOOD. 

The  sii])je<'t  embraced  in  the  title  of  this  paper  is  a  difficult 
one  to  treat  fairlj  within  the  time  limit  permitted ;  as  may  be 
appreciated  when  it  is  realized  that  Wisconsin  stands  number 
thirteen  in  the  roll  of  the  forty-five  states,  for  the  number  of 
patents  g-ranted  to  her  citizens, 
and  that  the  United  States  gov- 
ernment has  caused  its  seal  to 
be  affixed  to  some  700,000  let- 
ters patent  for  inventions,  since 
the  establishment  of  the  patent 
office,  but  little  more  than  a 
century  ago.  However,  it  may 
not  tak<3  more  than  ten  minutes 
to  name  a  very  few  of  the  tens 
of  thousands  of  inventions 
which  owe  their  birth  and  in- 
ception to  the  minds  of  sons  of 

tne  ±>aager  state.  Drawings  of  the  first  patent  granted  to  a 

»  . ,  !•  -t  •    ,       •      ^  Wisconsin  inventor :  to  David  Irvin,  of 

As  a  matter  01  hlStOriCifll  rec-      Madison,  Apriin.  1842,  for  "an  improve- 
,  .  -If-  1  ment  in  saddles." 

ord  it  may  be  01  interest  to  know 

that  the  first  patent  granted  to  a  resident  of  Wisconsin  was  no. 
2544  for  "an  improvement  in  saddles,"  to  David  Irvin,  of  Mad- 
ison, dated  April  11,  1842 ;  the  second  was  granted  April  25, 
1843,  to  Peter  Yates  of  "llilwaukie"  for  pulleys  and  shafting; 
the  third,  dated  October  22,  1844,  to  George  Easterly,  then  of 

^  Address  delivered  before  the  Wisconsin  state  historical  convention 
at  Milwaukee,  October  12,  1901. 


164  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETV. 

Heart  J^rairic,  for  a  liarve^ting-machinc' ;  and  tlic  fourth  to 
John  Martin,  jr.,  of  Aztalan,  on  November  2G,  1844,  for  a 
self-acting  cheese-press.  From  1836  to  1850  the  United  States 
patent  office  granted  some  7,000  patents,  of  which  Wisconsin 
was  credited  with  jnst  seven-^one  out  of  each  thousand,  stand- 
ing at  the  foot  of  all  the  states  and  territories.  Last  year 
23,000  patents  were  granted  to  citizens  of  the  United  States, 
of  which  Wisconsin  received  over  50'0 — ]iractically  one  out  of 
every  46  patents  issued,  and  only  surpassed  in  actual  number 
received,  as  already  stated,  by  twelve  states  of  the  forty-five. 
It  is  interesting  to  note  that  even  in  her  territorial  days  Wis- 
consin gave  indications  of  progress  along  the  lines  of  agriculture 
and  cheese-making,  leather  products,  and  iron-working,  which 
she  has  so  consistently  followed  ever  since. 

Something  over  ten  years  ago,  a  renuarkable  congress  was 
held  in  the  city  of  Washington,  the  same  being  in  celebration 
of  the  beginning  of  the  second  century  of  the  American  patent 
system.  This  congress  was  largely  attended  by  inventors,  man- 
ufacturers, and  others  interested  in  patents  and  inventions,  and 
was  opened  by  President  Harrison.  ^lany  interesting  addresses 
were  made,  and  able  papers  read;  one  of  the  most  thoughtful 
being  by  Judge  Robert  S.  Taylor,  of  Indiana,  on  "The  epoch- 
m.aking  inventions  of  America,"  from  which  I  quote  one  para- 
graph, as  having  especial  pertinence  in  this  paper.  xVfter  enu- 
merating the  other  leading  inventions  of  the  century.  Judge 
'J'aylor  says : 

One  more  invention,  recent,  bright  and  beautiful,  shall  close  this 
category.  It  is  the  typewriter, — the  sewing  machine  of  thought, — 
which  takes  up  with  nimble  fingers  the  drudgery  of  writing  as  that  of 
sewing,  and  clothes  our  ideas  as  that  clothes  our  bodies.  It  intro- 
duces the  epoch  of  legible  manuscript,  with  all  the  saving  of  time,  la- 
bor, and  profanity  which  that  implies. 

It  is  perhaps  not  generally  known  that  the  modern  typewriter 
of  the  "'swinging  type-bar"  or  "type-basket"  j^attern  is  essen- 
tially a  Milwaukee  invention.  This  machine  was  devised  in 
1867  by  C  Latham  Sholes,  Carlos  Glidden,  and  Samuel  W. 
Soule,  of  Milwaukee.  Sholes  was  a  printer  by  trade,  an  edi- 
tor by  profession,    and   at   that    time   collector  of  the   port  of 


C.  Latham  Sholes 

Inventor  of  the  type-writer,  and  formerly  collector  of  the  port  of  Milwaukee . 

Died  February  17, 1890. 


Wisconsin's  contribution  to  inventions.        165 

Milwaukee.  Soiile  was  also  a  printer,  and  lie  and  Slioles  were 
^■ery  intimate.  During  the  winter  of  1860-67  they  were  at 
work  developing-  a  new  machine  for  printing  page  numbers  on 
hound  blank  books.  At  the  shop  where  they  were  having  the 
mechanical  work  done,  they  came  in  contact  with  Glidden,  who 
was  having  made  an  agricultural  device  of  his  own,  Glid- 
den was  also  an  ingenious  inventor,  and  a  retired  manufacturer, 
and  in  their  ahnost  daily  meetings  at  the  sho]),  he  became  in- 
terested in  the  paging  machine  that  Sholes  and  Soule  were  at 
work  upon.  One  day  he  suggested  that  a  like  machine  could 
be  made  that  would  write  letters  and  words,  instead  of  figures 
and  numbers.  Shortly  afterwards  the  three  men  decided  to  try  ; 
and  finally  produced  their  first  crude  machine  in  September, 
1867,  for  which  they  obtained  a  patent  in  the  summer  of  1868. 

From  this  time  on,  they  were  busy  in  perfecting  and  improv- 
ing the  device,  and  took  out  numerous  patents  covering  each 
successive  step,  the  bulk  of  these  being  the  work  of  Sholes. 
Al)out  1870  the  first  tvj^e- writer  factory  in  this  country  was  es- 
tablislied~'by  Sholes  in  this  city,  on  the  banks  of  the  old  Milwau- 
kee canal,  which  sup])lied  the  water  i)ower  for  running  the  ma- 
chinery. Here  twehe  machines  were  m'ade,  and  all  sold  at 
a  price  of  $125  each;  one  being  purchased  by  Major  Dawes, 
a  pa^aiiaster  in  the  Inited  States  army,  whose  home  was  at  Fox 
Lake.  This  machine  was  used  for  many  years,  and  finally 
])resented  by  one  of  the  Dawes  family  to  the  Bufialo  (X.  Y.) 
Historical  Society,  at  whose  rooms  it  is  still  on  exhibition.  In 
1878  the  machine  was  deemed  practically  ])erfected,  and  taken 
to  Ilion,  X.  Y.,  where  it  was  first  manufactured  on  an  extensive 
scale,  and  marketed  as  the  original  llemington  machine. 

Sholes  continuc^d  to  invent  and  perfect  ty))e-writers  until  his 
death,  February  17,  1890.  The  records  of  the  patent  office  for 
nearly  thirty  years  note  a  long  series  of  patents  granted  to  him 
(or  his  executor)  for  improvements  in  this  art. 

Of  Soule,  I  have  no  further  record.  Glidden  died  prior  to 
1880;  but  his  last  type-writer  patent  (adapted  to  be  used  by 
the  blind)  was  granted  to  his  widow  in  1892.  I  have  devoted 
considerable  space  to  these  inventors,  because — ^despite  the  fact 
that  there  had  been  several  prior  unsuccessful  attempts  along 


1 66  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

lliis  line — to  them,  and  to  Wisconsin,  belongs  the  credit  of  the 
j/roduction  of  the  first  successful  and  practical  type-writing  ma- 
chine, now  of  world-wide  use.  The  present  leading  machines 
are  chiefly  modifications  and  improvements  on  this  pioneer  de- 
vice. 

In  a  kindred  branch  of  this  "art  preservative"  may  be  num- 
bered two  Milwaukee  inventions,  which  have  completely  revo- 
lutionized the  manufacture  of  movable  type.  Prior  to  1883, 
printing-type  were  made  without  any  standard  relative  scale  of 
width  of  the  different  letters  in  a  font;  so  that  difficulty  was 
always  experienced  in  '"justifying,"  or  properly  spacing,  the 
type  for  a  line  of  printed  matter.  In  that  year,  Linn  B.  Ben- 
ton of  this  city  solved  the  problem,  in  such  a  simple  manner  that 
it  seems  now  almost  incredible  that  the  world  sliould  have 
w^aited  over  four  hundred  years  for  the  solution.  In  December, 
1883,  a  patent  was  granted  to  Benton,  the  claim  of  which  tells 
the  whole  story  in  these  words:  "A  font  of  types,  the  bodies 
of  the  characters  of  w'hich  are  runningwise  all  multiples  of  a 
unit,  and  the  spaces  of  which  are  similarly  equal  to  said  unit 
and  multiples  thereof."  Not  only  was  this  principle  immediately 
and  universally  adopted  with  movable  type,  but  this  discovery 
rendered  possible  the  successful  operation  of  type-setting  ma- 
chines, and  the  more  recent  "linotype"  devices,  with  which  the 
composition  of  all  the  leading  newspapers  is  now  effected. 

Benton  next  turned  his  attention  to  an  allied  matter  of  great 
value.  In  the  manufacture  of  a  font  of  type,  the  initial  step 
is  the  production  of  the  necessary  "type-punches,"  which  are. 
steel  dies  having  each  a  letter  or  other  character  cut  on  its  face, 
these  dies  being  employed  for  making  the  intaglio  impression 
in  the  matrix  from  which  the  type  is  cast.  Heretofore,  type- 
pun'ches  had  been  successfully  produced  only  by  slow,  laborious 
hand-processes  by  persons  possessing  a  rare  degree  of  skill ;  but 
Benton  devised  a  punch-cutting  machine  which,  by  an  ingenious 
combination  of  levers,  lathe^heads,  and  cutters  has  rendered 
hand  work  in  type-cutting  a  thing  of  the  past,  and  resulted  in 
an  enormous  cheapening  of  the  price  of  type.  Thereby 
every  village  and  hamlet  can  afford  a  printing  outfit  and  pub- 
lish its  own  local  paper.     Benton  is  still  Ijving,  but  his  talents 


Wisconsin's  contribution  to  inventions.        167 

^nd  ingenuity  have  served  to  call  him  to  a  wider  field  of  enter- 
prise than  he  found  in  his  hom«  citv. 

In  Benton's  last-named  device,  he  employed  the  principle  of 
the  pantograph,  in  copying,  on  a  reduced  scale,  from  an  enlarged 
l^attern  to  the  small  face  of  the  type ;  and  this  pantograph  idea, 
considerably  modified,  lies  at  the  root  of  another  industry, 
which  has  been  more  largely  developed  in  Milwaukee  than  any- 
where else.  I  refer  to  the  famous  wood-carving  machines,  now 
in  universal  use.  Several  local  inventors,  working  on  some- 
what different  lines,  have  served  to  "make  Milwaukee  famous," 
although  sawdust  is  a  drier  substance  than  that  more  commonly 
ascribed  as  a  cause  of  celebrity  for  this  city.  Throughout  the 
land  there  is  now  hardly  a  furniture  factory  or  plant  for  the 
interior  decoration  of  buildings,  that  is  not  supplied  with  one 
form  or  other  of  Milwaukee  carving  machines,  whose  branching, 
jointed  arms,  each  carrying  a  cutting  tool  at  the  end,  spread 
out  from  its  body,  in  the  similitude  of  an  octopus,  and  dupli- 
cate automatically  the  pattern  over  which  its  central  finger  in- 
cessantly moves. 

Of  this  type  were  the  machines  of  Smith  and  Post^ — two  in- 
genious machinists  who  came  here  from  Reedsburg — and  of 
William  S.  Seaman  of  this  city.  Somewhat  similar  was  the 
machine  of  the  late  Stephen  F.  Moore,  whose  life  history  illus- 
trates the  ups  and  downs  of  an  inventor's  career.  He  came  to 
this  city  a  penniless  but  energetic  .^'oung  mechanic,  and  for  small 
wages  secured  employment  at  a  manufacturing  plant.  Shortly 
after,  he  surprised  his  employers  by  suggesting  that  he  be  made 
the  manager,  at  a  salary  of  several  thousand  dollars,  stating 
that  he  could  annually  save  the  company  more  than  his  sal- 
ary. He  finally  took  charge,  on  an  agreement  to  continue  at 
the  old  pay  for  a  year,  and  to  receive  svhat  he  asked  if  the  books 
l)ore  out  his  assertions — which  they  did.  While  here  he  in- 
vented his  carving  machine,  and  sold  the  patents  for  a  round 
quarter  of  a  million  dollars.  All  of  these  machines  date  from 
188T  or  1888,  and  were  the  earliest  commercially-successful 
wood-curving  machines  on  the  market. 

It  would  not  be  a  difficult  task  to  multiply  illustrations  of 
Wisconsin's  successful  and  prominent  inventors,  if  time  per- 


1 68  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

niitted;  but  I  fear  I  am  already  trenching'  on  the  allotted  liiiiit. 
Ilowover,  reference  certainly  should  he  made  to  the  eminenb 
and  venerable  engineer  Edwin  Reynolds,  on  the  enifbodiment  of 
whose  conceptions — notably  the  Heynolds-Carliss  type  of  en- 
gines— the  sun  literally  never  sets,  for  they  are  thickly  studded 
in  the  earth's  belt. 

George  ^I.  llinkley's  saw-mill  machinery  is  known  to  every 
lumlberman,  as  are  to  every  miller  the  inventions  of  William 
1).  Gray,  the  American  pioneer  of  roller-mills.  The  tempera- 
ture-regulating devices  of  Warren  S.  Johnson  are  widely  known 
and  used ;  and  Alton  J.  Shaw's  electric  crane  was  an  invention 
which  has  lifted  many  burdens  from  and  for  the  makers  of 
heav^y  machinery.  Another  notable  invention  was  the  Lee- 
Metford  ritle,  ado])ted  by  the  British  army,  and  largely  used 
by  other  foreign  governments.  Mr.  Lee  was  a  watehmaker  of 
Stevens  Point,  and  invented  this  rifle  just  at  the  close  of  the 
War  of  Secession,  so  that  it  first  became  famous  abroad;  but 
the  rifle  was  originally  made  in  Milwaukee. 

In  processes  and  products  ''for  the  stomach's  sake,"  Wiscon- 
sin has  long  been  in  the  front  rank.  A  whole  army  of  inventors 
have  contributed  to  this  result.  The  art  of  carbonating  bever- 
ages owes  nmch  to  that  ])ioneer  inventor.  Otto  Zwietusch  of  this 
city,  whose  inventions  in  soda-water  apparatus  have  served  to 
lubricate  many  human  throats;  just  as  have  the  oil-cups  of  an- 
other Milwaukeean,  Edwdn  1).  l^angs,  in  a  wholly  different  art, 
lubricated  the  shafts  of  steamships,  and  the  rods  and  cranks  of 
engines.  Wisconsin's  waving  fields  of  barley  have  been  con- 
verted to  fcKxl  and  drink  by  the  inventive  genius  of  her  own 
sons,  to  be  carried  to  the  uttermost  portions  of  the  earth's  sur- 
face; and  the  "malted  milk"  of  William  llorlick  of  Racine  has 
kept  pace  with  Milwaukee's  fluid  malt  extracts  in  this  conquest 
of  the  world  of  trade. 

In  the  preceding  ])aragra]>hs,  reference  has  been  made  solely 
to  those  inventors  who  have  sought  the  protection  afforded  by 
the  patent  and  trade-mark  laws  of  the  United  States ;  but  this 
paper  would  be  incomplete  without  a  brief  reference  to  one  of 
ihe  greatest  inventions  of  the  age,  and  one  which  was  generously 
^iven  to  the  whole  world.     I  refer  to  the  "Babcock  milk-tester" 


Wisconsin's  contribution  to  inventions.         169 

devised  by  Dr.  Stephen  M.  Babcock,  professor  of  agricultural 
chemistry  at  the  University  of  Wisconsin.  This  simple  device 
comprises  a  series  of  flasks  or  'bottles  having  graduation  marks 
on  the  necks  thereof,  mounted  on  a  support  capable  of  rapid 
revolution ;  by  the  use  of  sulphuric  acid  and  centrifugal  motion, 
at  a  gentle  heat,  the  fatty  particles  of  the  milk  in  the  flasks  are 
separated  and  rise  into  the  graduated  necks,  thus  determining 
rapidly  and  accurately,  and  without  chemical  analysis,  the  ex- 
act proportions  of  the  fat  in  the  milk.  This  almost  unprece- 
dented dedication  to  the  public  has  been  universally  recog-nized. 
The  medal  lately  voted  by  the  legislature  of  Wisconsin  is  fresh 
in  public  remembrance ;  in  addition  to  which  Dr.  Babcock  has 
received  many  testimonials  from  different  places,  including 
distant  'New  Zealand,  and  the  grand  prix  d'homieur  at  the  Paris 
exposition  of  1900. 
12 


I70  WISCONSIN   HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 


NEW  ENGLAND  INFLUENCE  IN  MILWAUKEE' 


BY  ELLIS  B.   USHER. 

During  a  recent  visit  to  !New  England,  with  my  little  daugli- 
ter,  who  is  a  Badger  by  birthright,  she  was  much  diverted  by 
the  jest  of  a  stranger  who  told  her,  when  she  gave  her  residence 
as  Milwaukee,  that  he  supposed  that  "all  Milwaukeeans  spoke 
only  German,"  and  an  English  lady,  who  sat  in  the  next  seat 
turned  around  and  said,  "You  must  'be  a  little  English  girl,"  and 
referred  to  her  use  of  certain  words  as  evidence.  This  inci- 
dent suggests  the  remark  of  the  Harvard  professor  who  says 
that  the  best  English  spoken  in  America  w411  be  found  within 
a  hundred  miles  of  Chicago;  and  that  other  significant  state- 
ment, in  Bryce's  American  Commonwealth,  that  "The  West  is 
the  most  American  part  of  America."  Professor  Turner  of  our 
o^vn  state  university  has  said,  "The  Western  problem  is  no  longer 
a  sectional  problem ;  it  is  a  social  problem  on  a  national  scale." 

John  Fiske,  in  his  Amencan  Political  Ideas,  written  in  1880, 
in  a  now  very  striking  chapter  on  x\^nglo-Saxon  "Manifest  Des- 
tiny," quoted  the  toasts  offered  at  an  American  dinner,  in  Paris, 
where  the  climax  came  from  a  gentleman  w^ho  said  that  if  our 
manifest  destiny  was  to  be  taken  into  account,  he  would  propose 
this  toast :  "The  United  States — 'bounded  on  the  north  by  the 
Aurora  Borealis,  on  the  south  by  the  Procession  of  the  Equi- 
noxes, on  the  easit  by  Primeval  Chaos,  and  on  the  west  by  the 
Day  of  Judgment." 

Milwaukee  has  long  been  known  and  noted  as  a  German  city, 
and  the  Germans  have,  since  a  very  early  day  in  its  history,  been 

^Address  delivered  before  the  "Wisconsin  state  historical  convention 
at  Milwaukee,  October  12,  1901. 


NEW    ENGLAND   INFLUENCE    IN   MILWAUKEE.  I7I 

quite  able  to  speak  for  tkemselves.       I  have  a  very  good  and 
quite  satisfactory  knowledge  of  the  German,  as  we  know  him. 

But  I  have  a  disposition  to  differ  with  him'  most,  in  respect 
of  some  things  of  which  he  often  feels  most  assured.  For  ex- 
ample, a  certain  class  of  Germans  are  prone  to  speak  of  the 
Puritan  Yankee  as  the  embodiment  of  illiberality,  and  to  utter 
the  title  with  an  inflection  not  altogether  melifluous.  In  turn, 
some  of  the  descendants  of  the  N'ew  England  Puritans  are 
equally  free  with  their  sarcasms  as  to  "Sabbath-breaking"  and 
"beer-drinking  Germans."  I  do  not  marvel  at  these  small  pas- 
sages at  arms,  but  I  would  assign  a  very  different  reason  for 
them,  from  that  likely  to  be  generally  accepted  by  either  parti- 
te the  controversy.  In  my  humble  opinion  these  demonstra- 
tions are  largely  the  result  of  likeness  rather  than  of  difference. 
The  man  who  said  that  the  Puritan  came  here  "to  worship  God 
according  to  the  dictates  of  his  own  conscience  and  to  make 
everybody  else  do  the  same,"  was  not  so  strangely  different  from 
the  Gennan  who  came  to  Wisconsin  with  a  purpose,  at  the  out- 
set, of  establishing  a  German  colony  and  founding  a  German 
state.^  The  broad  truth  is,  that  there  is  great  ethnological  like- 
ness between  the  German  and  his  Puritan  prototype.  There 
was  even  closer  resemblance  between  the  pilgi'image  of  the  May- 
flower and  the  later  German  immigration  to  Wisconsin.  The 
Pilgrims  had  religious  liberty  in  Holland,  but  they  did  not  wish 
to  become  Dutch.  They  came  here  from  motives  of  patriotism 
rather  than  for  religion's  sake  alone.  The  Puritan's  were  intol- 
erant, while  the  Pilgrim's  w-ere  more  liberal. 

The  monument  to  Faith  erected  at  Pl^onouth,  Mass.,  is  sur- 
rounded at  the  base  by  the  figures  of  Morality,  Law,  Education, 
and  Liberty.  The  compact  made  in  the  Mayflower  is  called 
the  germ  of  our  constitution,  and  Parson  Hooker's  constitution 
of  the  Connecticut  colony  was  the  mould  in  which  our  liberal 
institutions  of  government  were  run.  Representative  govern- 
ment finds  its  best  models  in  many  of  'New  England's  historic 
experiences.  But  all  these  ideas  were  born  in  Germany.  The 
history  of  the  movement  that  culminated  in  the  Reformation, 
was  the  history  of  our  own  earliest  struggle  for  liberty  of  opin- 
ion, and  its  hand-maiden,  ci^-il  rights.     This  idea  has  its  most 


1/2  WISCONSIN   HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

striking  exemplification  in  the  Mississippi  Valley,  which  is  at 
once  the  most  American  and  the  most  Teutonic  section  of  the 
United  States. 

I  believe  that  any  suitable  discussion  of  the  history  of  Mil- 
waukee should  have  this  sort  of  a  background.  We  should 
fully  understand  and  appreciate  that  the  past  is  common  prop- 
erty, if  the  J^ew  England  men  and  women,  and  the  German 
men  and  women  of  Milwaukee,  are  to  look  forward  in  right 
spirit  and  with  proper  assurance,  to  the  future  that  is  to  make 
them  all  kindred  in  blood,  as  well  as  in  their  historic  inher- 
itance of  principle  and  purpose. 

In  1850,  two  years  after  Wisconsin  was  admitted  to  the 
Union,  the  state  had  a  population  of  305,391,  of  which  110,471 
was  of  foreign  birth.  Milwaukee  at  this  time  had  20,061  in- 
habitants, and  probably  about  its  relative  proportion  of  foreign 
bom  citizens.  But,  by  1860,  Milwaukee  had  62,518  inhab- 
itants, 33,144 — more  than  half  of  them — of  foreign  birth ;  and 
today,  the  foreign  born  citizens  who  have  settled  here  during 
the  past  fifty  years,  and  their  progeny  are  probably  90  per  cent 
of  the  present  population.  Teutonic  blood  flows  in  the  veins  of 
at  least  75  per  cent  of  our  citizens.  Studies  of  the  census  of 
1880  led  me  to  the  conclusion  that  there  were  then,  in  Wiscon- 
sin, not  more  than  12,000  to  15,000  persons  who  could  claim 
an  unmixed  American  ancestry  reaching  back  to  Kevolutionary 
days. 

The  beginning  of  Milwaukee  was  marked  by  the  cx)njunction 
of  the  picturesque  and  the  practical  elements  of  the  history  of 
civilization  on  this  continent.  Solomon  Juneau,  who  was  the 
first  white  settler  and  a  one-third  proprietor  of  the  town-site, 
represented  the  French  pioneer,  who  was  the  first  white  man 
to  tread  the  pathless  forests  of  this  territory.  George  H.  Walker, 
who  came  from  Virginia,  and  Byron  Kilbourn,  who  was  of 
Connecticut  stock,  represented  the  practical  conflict  for  the 
IN'orthwest  Territory  that  long  waged  between  the  'New  England 
and  Virginia  pioneers.  These  men  owned  the  Milwaukee  site: 
Juneau,  the  East  side ;  Walker,  the  South  side ;  and  Kilbourn, 
the  West  side.  Kilbourn  came  here  in  1835.  He  was  the 
author  of  the  first  code  of  rules  for  self-government  ever  used 


NEW    ENGLAND   INFLUENCE   IN    MILWAUKEE.  1 73 

on  this  ground.  It  was  drauTi  for  the  regulation  of  squatters 
upon  government  lands,  and  the  best  testimony  to  its  wisdom 
is  that  it  worked  successfully,  and  prevented  disputes  and  con- 
tests. Byron  Kil'boum  ^vas  the  third  mayor  of  the  city,  in 
1848 ;  and  from  1846,  when  Solomon  Juneau  was  the  first 
mayor  under  the  chai-ter,  to  1868,  when  Edward  O'^STeill  was 
chosen,  the  names  of  the  mayors  indicate  English  ancestry,  and 
such  namts  as  Upham,  Crocker,  Prentiss,  Lynde,  and  Chase, 
are  all  from  Xew  England  or  of  !X^ew  England  anccstiy.  The 
first  representative  of  the  Teutonic  element  to  be  chosen  mayor 
was  the  late  John  Black,  but  he  was  really  a  Frenchman  who 
spoke  German,  and  in  the  55  years  of  its  existence,  Milwaukee 
has  had  but  three  mayors  of  German  birth'or  name,  while  four- 
teen or  fifteen  were  of  undoubted  isTew  England  stock. 

The  prominence  of  New  England  thus  suggested,  is  to  be 
found  in  almost  every  part  of  the  political  field.  Milwaukee 
has  furnished  four  governors  of  Wisconsin.  One  of  these,  Ed- 
w-ard  Salomon,  is  the  only  German  ^^''ho  ever  administered  the 
oflSce.-^  He  was  elected  lieutenant  governor  and  succeeded  to  the 
governorship  on  the  death  of  Harvey.  Arthur  MacArthur,  who 
was  governor  four  days,  and  William  E.  Smith  were  Scotchmen. 
The  fourth,  Gov,  George  W.  Peck,  is  descended  from  a  Con- 
necticut ancestry.  Milwaukee's  cosmopolitanism  is  well  illus- 
trated in  this  list. 

Milwaukee's  three  United  States  senators,  Carpenter,  Mitch- 
ell, and  Quarles,  all  represent  l^ew  England  stock.  Peter  V. 
Deuster,  who  was  elected  in  1878,  is  the  only  German  who  has 
been  chosen  by  Milwaukee  to  the  house  of  representatives;  but 
Kew  England  blood  had  early  prominence  there,  William  Pitt 
Lynde,  and  the  living  Xeslor  of  our  pioneers,  Daniel  W^ells,  jr., 
having  led  the  way.  Theobald  Otjen,  the  present  incumbent, 
was  bom  in  Michigan,  his  father  having  been  a  Low 
German  from  Oldenburg.  Milwaukee  has,  however,  been  quite 
cosmopolitan  in  her  choice  of  representatives. 

In  education,  in  religious  societies,  in  railway  projects,  in  the 
formation  of  the  charter,  in  the  pioneer  business  enterprises  of 
all  sorts,  the  Yankee  was  prominent,  if  not  dominant;  though 
since  the  earlier  days  he  has  been  numerically  at  a  disadvantage. 


1/4  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

Such  names  as  Kilboum,  Iloltxjn,  Colby,  and  Merrill,  suggest 
the  early  days  of  our  railway  enterprises.  In  the  local  fields  of 
business,  Allis,  Wells,  Chapman,  Kellogg,  Blair,  Bean,  Sander- 
son, Wheelock,  Kneeland,  Flint,  Palmer,  Stowell,  Brad- 
ley, Merrill,  Camp,  and  Bigelow,  suggest  great  things  in  com- 
mercial and  financial  growth.  Her  early  editors  were  such  men 
as  Booth,  King,  Paul,  Bentc^,  and  Sholes.  Her  bar  has  been 
adorned  with  the  names  of  Arnold,  Downer,  Carpenter,  Tweedy, 
Upham,  Brigham,  Carey,  Quarles,  and  Vilas.  The  name  of  In-. 
crease  A.  Lapham,  the  man  who  promoted  the  present  meteor- 
ological signal  service  of  the  United.  States  government,  is  one 
that  is  conspicuous  upon  the  pages  of  Wisconsin  history,  in  con- 
nection with  much  modest  but  highly  important  service  to  the 
state.  Such  names  as  Chase,  Wolcott,  Weeks,  l^oyes,  Bartlett, 
Farnam,  Copeland,  and  Brown,  suggest  the  early  and  present 
medical  history  of  the  city. 

The  first  church  service  (Methodist)  is  believed  to  have  been 
held  in  Deacon  Enoch  Chase's  log  house  in  1835.  The  pioneer 
Protestant  apostle  of  the  state,  the  Rev.  Cutting  Marsh  of  Massa- 
chusetts, and  the  Rev.  Moses  Ordway,  organized  the  Presby- 
terian church  of  which  Immanuel  church  is  the  successor.  Ply- 
mouth was  organized  in  1841,  by  the  Rev.  Otis  F.  Curtis ;  and  in 
1842,  the  Unitarian  church  was  organized,  the  first  pastor  being 
the  Rev.  William  Cushing  of  Cambridge,  Mass.  It  will  be 
found  that  from'  those  days  to  the  present,  New  England  blood 
has  been  well  represented  in  church  work. 

Old  settlers  tell  me  that  much  of  the  most  refined  and  de- 
lightful society  of  early  Milwaukee  centred  about  the  group  of 
Kew  England  families  that  formed  a  part  of  the  pioneer  settle- 
ment of  this  city. 

It  is  not  practicable  to  comprehend  an  exhaustive  array  of 
facts,  in  a  brief  paper.  What  I  have  done  may,  and  I  hope  will, 
furnish  inspiration  to  some  more  competent  historian,  for  the 
record  of  the  New  England  blood  in  Milwaukee,  is  an  important 
record  of  initiative  and  of.  devotion  to  ail  good  and  enterprising 
works.     It  is  a  record  that  deserves  preservation. 


OUR   NORTHWARD   NESHOTAH.  1  75 


OUR  NORTHWARD  NESHOTAH' 


BY  JOHN  NELSON  DAVIDSON. 

There  is  abundant  evidence  that  the  Indians  enjoyed  and 
valued  the  strip  of  shore  of  Lake  Michigan,  near  Two  Rivers. 
On  and  about  it  have  been  found  more  copper  implements, 
Aveapons,  and  ornaments,  fashioned  by  Indian  hands  than  any- 
where else  in  the  United  States.^  Although  some  pieces  of 
glacier-brought  copper  have  been  found  in  this  region, — one 
of  twenty  pounds'  weight  was  found  in  clearing  the  farm  of 
the  late  George  Taylor,  of  the  town  of  Rowley  or  Two  Creeks, — 
yet  it  is  probable  that  most  of  this  metal  was  brought  here  over 
crooked  Indian  trails.  Some  also  may  have  been  conveyed 
hither  by  those  who  preferred  the  path  afforded  by  the  lake  to 
that  through  the  forest. 

Five  miles  in  a  southwesterly  direction  from  the  lighthouse 
appears  the  mouth  of  the  stream  known  as  Twin  River ;  entering 
it,  the  explorer  need  row  but  a  few  boat-lengths  to  reach  a  place 
where  an  Algonkin  would  be  likely  to  say  "Ne-sho-tah," — that  is, 
^'he  or  she"  (meaning  the  river)  "has  twins," — for  there  are 
two  streams  that  follow  courses  of  almost  equal  length  as  nearly 
parallel  as  is  ever  found  in  ^Nature's  engineering.  As  the  In- 
dian regards  them',  these  are  the  '"twins"  of  the  riyer  which  we 


*  Address  delivered  before  the  Wisconsin  state  historical  convention 
at  Milwaukee,  October  12,  1901. 

^For  this  statement,  Henry  Pierpont  Hamilton,  of  Two  Rivers, 
is  my  authority.  His  interest  in  the  subject  is  shown  by  the  fact  that 
"his  collection  of  American  archaeological  curio&  is  one  of  the  finest  in 
Wisconsin,  and  in  coppers  is  perhaps  not  surpassed  by  any  in  the  coun- 
try. 


176  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

say  is  formed  by  their  union.^  One  of  these  is  the  Mishicott, 
or  the  East  Twin;  the  other  inapposltely  keeps  the  name  that 
properly  belongs  to  the  parent  alone — that  is,  the  parent  ac- 
cording to  the  fancy  of  the  Indians,  who  applied  to  the  short 
stream  below  the  confluence  the  name  i!s^e-sho-tah.  From  the 
river,  we  may  safely  transfer  the  name  also  to  the  place.  ^ 

This  among  the  Indians  was  wliat  it  is  today — a  manufac- 
turing village.  Perhaps,  thrifty  as  it  is  now,  it  was  then  of 
even  relatively  greater  importance.  Pottery  was  made  here.  The 
making  of  arrow-heads  was  carried  on,  and  stones  were  brought 
hither  for  that  purpose.  Of  these  facts  the  sand  affords  a  thou- 
sand evidences.  Who  knows  but  that  the  most  skillful  copper- 
smiths of  their  day  made  their  home  at  this  old-time  ISTe-sho-tah  ? 
That  long  necklace  of  heavy  copper  beads  now  treasured  in  a 
nearby  cabinet ;  did  he  dwell  here  who  made  it  ?  We  may  not 
know. 

What  white  man's  eye  first  saw  this  place?  That  we  cannot 
say.  I  think  it  not  improbable  that  during  the  winter's  stay  of 
Radisson  and  Groseilliers  (1654-55)  among  the  Pottawattomies, 
they  may  have  advanced  as  far  up  the  lake-shore  as  our  north- 
ward Ne-sho-tah;  but  we  have  no  evidence  that  they  did  so. 
Possibly  the  Reverend  Father  Claude  Jean  Allouez  saw  the  old- 
time  I^e-sho-tah  during  his  stay  at  the  mission  of  St.  Francis 
Xavier  (at  the  modern  De  Pere),  whither  he  came  in  1669  ;  but 
we  have  no  record  of  such  a  visit.  Perhaps  there  was  no  village 
here  at  that  time ;  we  often  forgot  how  few  there  really  were  of 
those  old-time  Indians.  Famine,  pestilence,  and  witchcraft; 
frantic  dances,  followed  by  pneumonia;  lawless  feuds,  and  in- 
ter-tribal wars  have  reduced  the  number  of  the  aborigines  far 
more  than  did  the  white  man's  bullet.  It  may  be  that  Joliet 
stopped  at  !N"e-sho-tah  in  August  or  September,  1674,  when  he 
was  returning  from  the  expedition  on  which  he  is  commonly  said 
to  have  discovered  the  Upper  Mississippi — a  thing  which  I  be- 


^  For  giving  me  the  Indian  point  of  view  in  this  matter,  I  am  indebted 
to  Rev.  Edward  Pay§on  Wheeler  of  Ashland  and  Chicago.  His  also 
is  the  translation  of  the  term  "Ne-sho-tah." 

'  For  evidence  of  the  fact  that  Two  Rivers  was  known  to  whites  in 
early  times  as  Ne-sho-tah,  see  Wis.  Hist.  Colls.,  i,  p.  117. 


OUR    NORTHWARD    NESHOTAH.  I77 

lieve  had  been  done  fourteen  years  before  by  Radisson  and  Gro- 
seilliers.  Probably  Marquette  who  had  been,  by  invitation, 
Joliet's  companion,  and  started  back  that  same  autumn  to  found 
a  mission  at  Kaskaskia — saw  on  his  way  thither  our  Indian 
!N^e-sho-tah ;  for  he  went  up  the  lake,  and  spent  a  comfortless 
winter  on  the  site  where  now  stands  Chicago. 

A  few  years  ago,  an  interesting  relic  was  found  here — a  six- 
teenth-century sword  with  elaborately-\VTOught  handle,  buried 
several  feet  below  the  surface  of  the  ground ;  but  no  living  man 
knows  who  was  its  owner.  Yet  memory  and  imagination  can 
resuscitate,  as  it  were,  the  five  remaining  members  of  a  little 
company  of  Frenchmen  who,  under  the  command  of  Henri  de 
Tonty,  had  barely  escaped  (in  1680)  from  a  murderous  raid  of 
the  Iroquois  against  the  Illinois  villages.  All  that  a  brave  and 
sagacious  man  could  do  to  avert  threatened  evil  had  been  done 
by  Tonty,  but  all  in  vain.  Erom  the  fort  to  which  La  Salle  had 
given  the  name  Crevecoeur  (Broken  Heart)  Tonty  and  his 
men  fled  for  their  lives,  first  up  the  Illinois  River  to  the  head  of 
Lake  Michigan ;  thence  for  fifteen  days  they  toiled  in  the  ut- 
most distress  down  its  western  shore  toward  Mackinac.  On 
the  eleventh  of  I^ovember  they  came  to  a  Pottawattomie  village, 
but  found  no  one  there ;  probably  all  its  inhabitants  were  away 
on  the  autumn  hunt.  The  almost  starving  fugitives  sought  for 
food,  and  found  some  com  and  several  frozen  pumpkins.  Al- 
though we  cannot  identify  this  Pottawattomie  village  with  our 
iNTe-sho-tah,  it  is  ceitainly  not  beyond  the  bounds  of  possibility 
that  one  of  these  Prenchmen — it  might  be  Tonty  himself — may 
have  lost  his  sword  while  searching  for  food  in  the  Indian 
cabins. 

But  we  have  no  actual  record  of  the  presence  of  white  men  at 
vhis  locality  until  1779,  when  a  British  gunboat,  the  "Felicity," 
anchors  at  what  its  pilot,  Captain  Samuel  Robertson,  calls  "Mill- 
wakey  Bay."  With  rum  and  tobacco,  gifts  so  much  prized  by 
the  Indians,  he  is  bribing  the  "indeans"  to  continue  their  ad- 
herence to  his  king.  "They  told  us  that  they  had  sent  for  Mon- 
sieur Fay  which  is  at  a  place  called  the  Deaux  Rivers  [Two 
Rivers]  18  Leagues  from  Mill  wakey  to  the  north;  he  has  2 
canos  of  goods  from  the  commetee,  but  he  said  it  was  against 


178  WISCONSIN   HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

his  orders  to  go  amongst  them,  or  they  suposd  so,  as  no  trader 
had  ever  wintered  at  that  place  before."  From  the  "hard  squals 
of  wind  from  the  S  W  and  hazey  weather"  that  Kobertson  found 
in  "Millwakey  Bay"  on  "Thursday  4  Nov.  1779"  he  sailed  to 
"Mitchilimalkina"  by  way  of  the  Manitou  islands  and  so  missed 
seeing  "Deaux  Rivers,"  of  which  place  his  is  the  first  mention, 
so  far  as  I  know,  in  any  written  document  whatever.  ^ 

Who  was  the  first  to  come  to  lake-shore  Ne-sho-tah  with  Eng- 
lish words  upon  his  tongue  ?  To  this  question  we  have  a  possible 
answer  in  the  narrative  of  Abram^  Edwards,^  who  in  May,  1818, 
"left  Detroit  in  a  small  schooner  for  Mackinac,  and  thence  on 
the  same  mode  of  conveyance  to  Green  Bay.  After  our  business 
was  finished  at  the  Bay,  and  we  were  looking  for  a  conveyance 
to  Chicago,  Inspector  Gen,  Wool  arrived,  and  requested  that 
we  would  not  leave  until  he  had  inspected  the  troops,  and  he 
would  accompany  us  to  that  place.  In  the  interim,  we  pur- 
chased a  bark  canoe  and  had  it  fitted  up  for  our  voyage.  Major 
Z.  Taylor,  afterward  President,  commanding  the  post,  furnished 
us  with  seven  expert  canoe-men  to  manage  our  frail  bark.  We 
left  Green  Bay  garrison  after  dinner,  and  went  to  the  head  of 
Sturgeon  Bay,  40  miles,  and  encamped  for  the  night.  The  next 
morning  we  carried  our  canoe  two  and  a  half  miles  over  the 
portage  to  the  shore  of  Lake  Michigan  and,  after  getting  the 
baggage  over,  we  were  willing  to  encamp  for  the  night.  The 
next  morning  found  us  in  our  canoe  afloat  on  the  waters  of  the 
Lake,  paddling  our  way  to  Chicago,  where  we  arrived  the  third 
day  from  our  lake  shore  encampment.  On  our  passage,  al- 
though we  frequently  landed,  we  did  not  meet  with  a  white  man. 
We  were,  however,  informed  that  one  was  trading  with  the  In- 
dians at  Milwaukee.  At  Twin  Rivers,  Manitowoc,  Sheboygan 
and  Milwaukee  the  shore  of  the  lake  was  lined  with  Indians. 
Kear  Manitowoc  many  were  out  in  canoes  spearing  white  fish." 
We  are  thus  introduced  to  what  has  always  been  one  of  the  im- 
portant industries  of  the  Ne-sho-tah  of  the  great  bend  in  the 
lake  shore — the  place  where  one  looks  southward  as  well  as 

^For  Robertson's  report  see  Wis.  Hist.  Colls.,  xi,  pp.  203-212. 
*  His    narrative    is    dated    "Janesville,  Aug.  30,    1855."       §ee  Wis. 
Bist.  Colls.,  V,  pp.  158-160. 


OUR   NORTHWARD   NESHOTAH.  179 

eastward  upon  the  great  waters.  To  \)e  sure,  wliitefish  are  no 
longer  caught,  but  the  Friday  and  the  Lenten  dish  of  many  a  dis- 
tant table  is  supplied  from  Two  Rivers.  This  canoe  voyage  of 
General  Wool  and  Mr.  Edwards  was  made  in  June,  1818,  and 
they  were  probably  the  first  English-speaking  visitors  of  our 
northward  !N^e-sho-tah. 

In  1822  all  that  portion  of  unnamed  Wisconsin  lying  between 
the  Milwaukee  River  and  the  lake,  and  extending  northward  as 
far  as  the  Fox  River  and  Sturgeon  Bay  became  subject  to  civil- 
ized though  not  to  white  occupancy.  This  remark  may  seem  to 
require  explanation.  In  that  year,  by  treaty  made  September 
23,  the  Menomonees  made  certain  civilized  and  semi-civilized 
tribes  from  Isew  York  joint  occupants  with  themselves  of  their 
immense  possessions.  For  our  purpose  it  is  enough  to  say  that 
the  new-comers  needed  no  such  extent  of  land ;  that  those  who 
came  were  amply  provided  for  on  the  merest  fractions  of  it  here 
and  there ;  that  the  treaty  was  disannulled,  so  far  as  that  could 
be  done,  by  the  greater  portion  of  the  trib6  that  made  it ;  and 
that,  from  one  point  of  view,  the  Menomonee's  action,  both  in 
making  and  unmaking  said  treaty,  was  but  part  of  the  legal  pro- 
cess by  which  all  this  region  was  finally  opened  to  white  settle- 
ment.^ 

An  interesting  event  in  the  lake  shore  history  of  the  year  1823 
is  the  northward  pilgrimage  of  John  Metoxen  and  the  little  band 
of  Muh-he-ka-ne-ok,  or  Stockbridges,  whom  he  was  endeavoring 
to  hold  in  ways  of  Puritanic  righteousness.  It  is  not  likely  that 
they  saw  !N^e-sho-tah ;  probably  the  Manitowoc  River  gave  them^ 
pathway  through  the  forest  to  Statesburgh,  now  Kaukauna. 

This  Indian  emigration  from  New  York  but  led  the  way  for 
that  of  whites.  As  part  of  the  great  '^opening  up"  of  this  re- 
gion,— a  movement  that  preceded  the  financial  crash  of  1837, — - 
the  site  of  Two  Rivers  was  platted.  The  resident  partner  in 
this  enterprise  was  Robert  M.  Eberts.  When  he  built  the  first 
sawTnill  there  I  do  not  know ;  but  a  letter  written  on  the  22nd 
of  August,  1839,  states  that  he  had  sent  '^the  other  day"  eighteen 
thousand  fedt  of  lumber  to  Mackinac.     The  schooner  "Liberty," 

^  By  the  Stambaugh  treaty,  1831,  February  8.  See  the  writer's  "Com- 
ing of  the  New  York  Indians  to  Wisconsin,"  Wis.  Hist.  Soc.  Proc,  1899. 


l80  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

by  which  he  shipped  it,  took  also  a  ''half  barrel  of  white  fish" 
which  he  had  promised  his  correspondent,  Miss  Rachel  Lawe. 
He  bids  her  "present  our  best  respects  to  Re-vd.  Mr.  Bonduiel 
and  tell  him  that  if  he  is  tired  of  Green  Bay  to  come  out  and 
spend  a  few  days  with  us  in  this  delightful  place." 

Mr.  Eberts  was  the  giver  of  the  site  of  St.  Luke's  Catholic 
church,  whose  building  is  the  most  commodious,  and  congrega- 
tion the  largest,  of  any  religious  organization  in  the  city  of  Two 
Rivers. 

It  may  be  said  that  the  modem  era  for  Two  Rivers  began 
with  the  coming  thither  of  Hezekiah  Huntington  Smith  in  1845. 
Although  he  came  from  Youngstown,  Niagara  county,  'New 
York,  he  was  a  native  of  Connecticut.  As  much  as  any  other, 
he  may  be  called  the  founder  of  the  city,  for  he  built  the  fac- 
tory by  the  side  of  the  sawmill,  and  thus,  when  the  forest  failed, 
began  the  making  of  the  Two  Rivers  of  today.  What  he  was, 
and  what  he  was  not,  has  become  part  not  merely  of  the  history 
of  Two  Rivers,  buf  of  the  place  itself.  Some  institutions  are 
there  because  he  helped  establish  them.  He  was  stately,  force- 
ful, shrewd,  *able,  and  religious.  Justice  and  injustice  have  been 
done  him  by  both  himself  and  others.  He  was  such  a  product 
of  race  and  training  as  could  have  come  from'  no  part  of  the 
world  save  New  England  or  New  York. 

Now  that  we  have  come  to  mention  the  manufacturing  in- 
terests of  Two  Rivers,  it  is  pleasant  to  be  able  to  say  that  a  large 
l^roportion  of  her  workmen  own  their  homes.  There  has  been, 
for  the  most  part,  kindly  feeling  between  the  men  and  their  em- 
ployers. 

The  schools  of  Two  Rivers  have  given  to  our  state  university  a 
professor  and  an  instructor.  With  one  exception  the  school 
buildings  are  poor  enough.  The  young  people  of  Two  Rivers 
are  not  afraid  of  marriage  and  parentage,  and  the  city  has  not 
yet  kept  pace  with  the  needs  of  its  juvenile  population.  The 
Polish  people  have  their  own  church  school,  as  has  also  the  con- 
gregation of  St.  Luke's.  The  Lutheran  people  have  a  fine 
church,  and  what  was  an  Episcopal  church  is  now  their  school. 
The  English-speaking  Protestants  have  as  a  place  of  worship  a 


OUR   NORTHWARD    NESHOTAH.  j8l 

shed  of  wooden  walls  put  up  in  1857,  chiefly  by  Deacon  Smith 
and  the  Congregational  church-building  society.  To  this  an  ad- 
dition is  now  building.  For  ten  years  in  the  seventies  and  early 
eighties,  there  was  no  regularly  maintained  religious  service  in 
the  English  language,  so  overwhelming  was  the  preponderance  of 
those  who  spoke  other  tongues.  "Ganz  Europa  ist  unser  Vater- 
land !"  So  said  Father  Bastian,  of  Mishicott,  while  delivering 
the  German  Memorial  Day  oration  at  Two  Rivers  in  1898. 

When  Robertson  was  at  Milwaukee  in  1779,  the  white  popu- 
lation of  Wisconsin's  future  metropolis  and  that  of  "Deaux 
Rivers"  was  equal ;  one  in  each.  There  is  a  greater  difference 
now.  But  our  northward  jSTe-sho-tah  is  growing.  May  she 
flourish  so  long  as  the  clouds  shall  feed  her  rivers,  and  the 
waves  of  our  inland  sea  beat  upon  her  shores ! 


1 82  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 


THE  POPULATION  OF  ST.  CROIX  COUNTY,  WISCONSIN, 

1850-70 


BY  JAMES  BLAINE   GRAHAM/ 

St.  Croix  county  occupies  one  of  the  most  western  portions 
of  the  state  and  lies  about  eight  males  above  the  junction  of  the 
Mississippi  and  St.  Croix  rivers.  In  its  present  form,  it  is 
about  thirty  miles  long  and  twenty-four  wide;  but  its  original 
area  was  much  larger.  The  county  was  organized  by  an  act 
of  the  Territorial  legislature  in  1840.^  It  was  set  off  from 
Crawford  county,  and  at  that  time  included  all  of  the  northwest- 
ern corner  of  the  present  state  of  Wisconsin,  besides  all  of  that 
portion  of  the  present  state  of  Minnesota  which  lies  east  of 
the  Mississippi  River  and  south  of  the  Canadian  boundary 
line.  In  1845,  St.  Croix  county  was  reduced  in  size  by  the 
organization  of  La  Pointe  county  on  the  north  ;^  the  Missis- 
sippi, however,  was  left  as  the  western  boundary,  and  at  that  time 
the  county  comprised  some  11,000  square  miles.*  In  1846  the 
legislature  established  the  towns  of  Stillwater  and  St.  Paul, 
now  in  the  state  of  Minnesota,  as  election  precincts  for  St.  Croix 
county,  and  made  Stillwater  the  county  seat.  ^  When  Wis- 
consin was  admitted  into  the  Union  (1848),  the  St.  Croix  River 
was  made  a  part  of  its  western  boundary ;  the  county  was  thus 
divided  and  its  organization  destroyed,  the  county  seat  being 
in  that  portion  which  was  given  to  Minnesota.     In  1849,  the 

^  Condensed  from  thesis  presented  to  University  of  Wisconsin,  in  1901, 
for  bachelor's  degree.  Address  presented  at  the  Wisconsin  state  his- 
torical convention  at  Milwaukee,  Oct.  12,  1901. 

^  Laws  of  Wisconsin,  1839-40,  p.  25. 

» Id.,  1845.  p.  52. 

*  History  of  Northern  Wisconsin  (Chicago,  1&81),  p.  947. 

'■Laws  of  Wisconsin,  1846. 


POPULATION    OF    ST.  CROIX  COUNTY,   185O-7O.  1 83 


legislature  re-organized  the  county,  and  established  its  bounda- 
ries according  to  range  and  township  lines.  ^  These  boundaries 
remained  until  1853,  when  thej  were  changed  by  the  organi- 
zation of  the  new  counties,  Pierce  and  Polk,  on  the  north  and 
south  respectively;  St.  Croix  county  retained  the  central  por- 
tion, and  assumed  its  present  limits. 

EXPLAN/^TION 

—  CO  eout^p/fffr-  ia49  -  's3 

r0kr/\f5    -  /S49  -  S3 

COUNTY  AFTER  iaS3 


T0IVN5    OF   IQ5d 


Before  studying  the  settlement  of  the  county  and  the  nativ- 
ity of  its  inhabitants,  it  is  well  to  consider  briefly  the  geology 
of  that  region,  with  especial  reference  to  its  original  vegeta- 
tion and  the  nature  of  its  soils.  The  surface  of  St.  Croix 
county  varies  from  gentle  undulations  to  hills,  the  bluffs  along 
the  river  being  even  and  continuous,  xvith  gently  rounded 
slopes,  while  east  from  the  river  the  country  is  hilly  and  broken. 
The  western  tier  of  towns  is  more  hilly  than  the  others;  the 
central  towns  are  rolling  prairies,  with  fine  farms ;  and  the 
eastern  towois  are  generally  level,  and  originally  were  heavily 

^  Laws  of  Wisconsin,  1849,  chap.  77,  pp.  47,  48. 


1 84  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

timbered.  The  conntr}^  is  of  glacial  formation,  and  the  sub- 
soil is  made  oip  principally  of  glacial  drift,  which  is  very  rich. 
The  immense  beds  of  sand  and  gravel  deposited  in  different 
parts  of  the  county  are  another  evidence  of  glacial  action. 
The  county  is  drained  by  the  Mississippi  system^  through  the 
St.  Croix  and  Chippewa  river  basins.  In  the  St.  Croix  basin, 
which  drains  by  far  the  larger  portion  of  the  county,  are  the 
Apple,  Willow^,  Kinnickinnick,  and  Rush  rivers ;  the  valleys  of 
the  first  three  trend  southwesterly,  w^hile  that  of  the  Rush  River 
extends  more  directly  south.  The  only  river  in  the  Chippewa 
basin  which  drains  St.  Croix  county  is  the  Eau  Galle,  which 
is  in  the  southeastern  part,  and  drains  most  of  the  heavily-tim- 
bered portion  of  the  county.  The  drainage  of  the  county  is 
good,  there  being  few  marshes  or  swampy  places. 

The  hard-wood  and  conifer  section  coincides  with  the  heavy, 
clayey  loam,  while  the  oak  and  poplar  subsist  on  a  much  lighter 
and  more  sandy  soil,  and  the  prairie  vegetation  on  a  light 
loam.  The  county  is  for  the  most  part  a  farming  country, 
none  of  the  more  important  metals  having  been  found  there, 
and  most  of  the  clay  being  too  impure  for  brick-making.  The 
rivers,  it  is  true,  are  uniformly  rapid,  and  offer  good  water- 
power  of  which  advantage  has  often  been  taken.  From  the 
very  first,  several  saA\Tnills  have  been  in  0]3eration;  but  most 
of  the  lumber  which  they  have  manufactured  has  been  from 
pine  cut  outside  of  the  county.  The  amount  of  wealth  from 
this  source,  however,  is  small  when  compared  with  that  in  the 
soil.  The  best  farming  lands  are  those  found  in  the  central 
and  western  portions  of  the  county,  although  the  eastern  tier 
of  towns  is  very  fertile,  and  has  proved  to  be  capable  of  yielding 
rich  returns  to  the  farmer  when  once  cleared.^ 

St.  Croix  county,  as  before  mentioned,  was  the  first  county 
organized  in  the  northwestern  part  of  the  state.  The  St. 
Croix  River,  in  connection  with  the  Bois  Brule,  being  one  of 
the  earliest  routes  connecting  Lake  Superior  with  the  Missis- 
sippi,- the  first  occupants  of  this  part  of  the  state  were  princi- 

^  Geology  of  Wisconsin,  1873-79,  iii,  part  2. 

*  Turner's  "Fur  Trade  in  Wisconsin,"  Wis.  Hist.  8oc.  Proc,  1889,  pp. 
52-98. 


POPULATION    OF    ST.  CROIX  COUNTY,    185O-7O. 


pally  fur  traders  and  explorers.  Trade  with  the  Indians  con- 
tinued to  be  the  chief  commercial  interest  in  the  state  until 
1834,  Avlien,  in  connection  with  the  opening  of  the  lead  mines, 
new  interests  had  arisen  and  the  agricultural  settlers  began  to 
come  in  after  the  close  of  the  Black  Hawk  War.  ^  At  that  time, 
what  is  now  Hudson  was  a  trading  post  of  the  American  fur 
company.  But  the  fur  trade  was  "the  pathfinder  for  the  agri- 
cultural and  manufacturing  civilization,"^  and  in  1839  a  com- 
pany was  formed  at  St.  Louis  to  conduct  a  lumbering  business 
on  the  St.  Croix.  From  that  time  settlement  progressed  stead- 
ily, rather  slowly  at  first,  but  quite  rapidly  after  1850.  The 
following  table  shows  the  growth  of  the  country  between  the 
years  1850  and  1870  r^ 


1850 


1860 


1870 


Total  population  

Percentage  of  native  born  inhabitants. ..... 

Percentage  of  foreign  born  inhabitants .... 

Population  per  square  mile,  including  Hud- 
son City 

Population  per  square  mile,  excluding  Hud- 
son City 

Per  capita  wealth,  including  Hudson  City. . . 

Per  capita  wealth,  excluding  Hudson  City. . 


248.0 
80.2 
19.7 


5,394.0 
69.6 
30.2 

7.3 

5.3 
332.0 
253.0 


11,033.0 
67.1 
32.6 

15.0 

12.7 
601.0 
525.0 


It  will  be  noticed  that  the  population  increased  very  rapidly 
during  this  period — twenty-one  times  between  1850  and  1860, 
and  nearly  double  between  1860  and  1870  ;  while  the  per  capita 
wealth  and  the  density  of  population  are  more?  than  doubled 
(except  that  Hudson  City's  wealth  shows  a  somewhat  slower 
increase).  Investigations  regarding  the  nativity  of  the  inhab- 
itants give  the  following  results,  expressed  in  percentages  of 
the  wliole  population : 

^  Thwaites's  Story  of  Wisconsin,  p.  160. 

^  Turner's  "Fur  Trade  in  Wisconsin,"  p.  97. 

'  All  material  for  tables  in  this  paper  has  been  taken  from  the  original 
manuscript  records  of  the  United  States  census  for  the  years  1850,  1860, 
and  1870,  in  the  office  of  the  secretary  of  state  of  Wisconsin. 

*  Population  of  Buena  Vista,  which  in  1850  included  practically  all  of 
the  present  St.  Croix  county. 
13 


1 86 


WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 


1850  > 

1860 

1870 

Wisconsin         .         .         .         .         .         . 

21.4 

21.1 

37.2 

Now  England  states 

11.7 

14.0 

8.1 

New  York         .... 

12.0 

15.8 

10.0 

Other  Middle  states 

6.4 

5.3 

3.1 

Southern  states 

6.8 

1.3 

0.9 

Northwestern  and  Western  states 

21.7 

10.0 

7.6 

Great  Britain  and  Ireland 

8.4 

15.5 

12.8 

Ireland              .... 

5.6 

12.5 

10.9 

Norway  and  Sweden 

1  6 

3.4 

9.2 

British  America        .  '       . 

7.3 

8.1 

7.3 

Other  European  states 

1.6 

3.1 

3.1 

Total  of  native  born 

80.2 

69.6 

67.1 

Total  of  foreign  born 

19.7 

30.2 

32.6 

These  figures  show  that  the  greater  part  of  the  native-born 
population  (besides  those  born  in  Wisconsin)  comes  from  New 
York  and  New  England — excepting  in  1850,  when  the  North- 
west and  Western  states  furnished  more  than  on&-third.  Of 
the  other  Middle  states,  Pennsylvania  supplied  by  far  the 
largest  portion.  The  representation  from  the  Southern  states 
is  small,  coming  for  the  most  part  from  Virginia.  It  will  be 
noticed  that  the  largest  portion  of  the  foreign  population,  in 
all  three  periods,  comes  from  Great  Britain  and  Ireland — Ircf- 
land  alone  furnishing  the  greater  part.  The  next  largest  for- 
eign representation  in  1850  and  1860  comes  from  British  Amer- 
ica, while  in  1870  the  Scandinavian  elemient  is  greater. 

The  New  York  and  New  England  elements  are  well  scattered 
throughout  the  county;  the  former  is  especially  strong  in  all 
of  the  prairie  towns,  excepting  Erin  Prairie,  and  weaker  in  all 
the  towns  of  the  poplar,  hard-wood,  and  conifer  sections.  The 
New  England  element  is  almost  as  widely  scattered,  although 
mainly  settled  in  the  prairie  area  of  the  county. 

Of  the  foreign  population,  the  Irish  are  the  most  widely  dis- 
tributed, although  Erin  Prairie  seems  to  be  their  strong  cen- 
tre, as  in  1860  they  comprised  48  per  cent,  and  in  1870,  38 
per  cent  of  the  x>opulation  of  that  town ;  they  are  also  numer- 
ous in  Cylon,  Emerald,  St.  Joseph,  and  Hudson  City.  In  1870 
their  numbers  increase  in  the  prairie  towns;  for  instance,  in 


^  See  preceding  note. 


POPULATION    OF    ST.  CROIX  COUNTY,  185O-7O.  1 87 


PLf\TE      E 

DISTRIBUTION   OF  FOREIGN    POPULATION    1660 


^ 


F0REl6Ni(NRJIVE   EQURL 
"       '/^     OF    TOTRL 


D 


F0REI6N    MORE   7W/TN    J^  -L£S5   THRN  % 
OF    TOTflL. 
-    THnN     ^  -         "  ••        '/s- 

OF  Tormu 


PISTRIPUTION    OF  FVREI6N     POPULATION     IBJO 


D 


F0REI6N   &  NATIVE      ABOUT     etfUAU 

"       AfO/Tf    THAU   '/i- LESS   THAN  %  OF    TOTAL 

-  'Is %        : 


Kinnickinnick  from  3  to  8  per  cent,  in  Warren  from  1  to  13 
per  cent,  and  in  Richmond  from  6  to  10  per  cent. 

The  Scandinavian  element  in  1860  is  not  strong  in  any  of 
the  towns,  excepting  Rush  River,  Eau  Galle,  and  Cylon,  which 
are  in  or  border  on  the  hard-wood  and  conifer  area.  By  1870,. 
however,  it  is  more  widely  extended,  and  in  every  town  except 
Somerset  and  St.  Joseph  shows  a  gain,  indicating  the  increased 


155  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

Scandinavian  immigration  which  the  later  censuses  show.  The 
Scandinavians  also  are  beginning  to  gain  a  firmer  hold  on  the 
prairie  lands — excepting  in  Erin  Prairie,  which  has  no  Scan- 
dinavian element  in  any  decade.  In  1870  all  the  ]Drairie  towns 
show  a  considerable  increase  in  Scandinavian  population :  e.  g., 
in  Pleasant  Valley  they  increased  from  9  to  38  per  cent,  in 
Hammond  from  0.68  to  7.5  per  cent,  in  Troy  from  0.2  to  7.3 
per  cent,  and  in  Kinnickinnick  from  1.9  to  6  per  cent. 

The  British- American  element — in  many  cases,  as  the  names 
Avould  indicate,  of  French-Canadian  birth — secured  its  strong- 
est foothold  in  the  rough  and  sparsely-wooded  towns  along  the 
St.  Croix  River,  and  in  those  adjoining.  Germans  form'  a  con- 
siderable part  of  the  ^wpulation  in  Somerset,  St.  Joseph,  and 
Cylon;  in  the  other  towns  their  numbers  are  smaller,  but  gen- 
erally show  an  increase. 

The  prairie  towTis,  in  general,  have  the  denser  population, 
although  in  1860  Warren  and  Hammond  are  exceptions,  Ham- 
mond at  that  time  being  mainly  woodland.  The  towns  of  least 
foreign  population  (which  generally  coincide  with  the  prairie 
section)  have  the  greatest  per  capita  wealth,-^  excepting  Hud- 
son and  Star  Prairie  (1860) — Hudson  having  a  foreign  popu- 
lation slightly  above  the  general  average,  while  the  per  capita 
wealth  of  Star  Prairie  falls  short;  Emerald  (1870),  where  a 
large  part  of  the  population  is  of  Wisconsin  birtb  but  Irish  par- 
entage; and  St.  Joseph  (1870),  where  the  per  capita  wealth  is 
slightly  above  the  average,  on  account  of  the  capital  invested 
in  the  flouring  mills  along  the  Willow  River.  The  prairie 
towns,  with  a  prevailing  native  population  (and  a  greater 
density)  are  richer  than  the  towns  of  the  hard-wood  and  poplar 
sections,  whose  people  are  largely  of  foreign  birth.  The  former 
group  included,  in  1860,  the  towns  of  Troy,  Malone,  Pleasant 
Valley,  Warren,  Hammond,  Richmond,  and  Star  Prairie ;  in 
1870,  Hudson,  Troy,  Warren,  Hammond,  Richmond,  and 
Star  Prairie.     The  foreign  population  prevailed  in  1860,  in 

^  By  this  is  meant  all  towns  where  the  number  of  foreigners  is  less 
than  the  percentage  of  foreign  population  in  the  county,  and  those 
where  the  per  capita  wealth  is  greater  than  the  average  of  that  in  the 
■county  (excluding  Hudson  City). 


POPULATION    OF   ST.  CROIX  COUNTY,   185O-7O.  189 

the  towns  of  Somerset,  St.  Joseph,  Hudson,  Rush  River,  Eau 
Galle,  Erin  Prairie,  and  Cylon ;  in  1870,  in  Somerset,  St.  Jo- 
seph, Pleasant  Valley,  Rush  River,  Eau  Galle,  Springfield, 
Erin  Prairie,  Cylon,  and  Emerald  (disregarding  the  Wiscon- 
sin-bom therein). 

The  chief  occupation  of  the  people  is  agriculture,  over  73 
per  cent  of  the  total  male  population  in  1870  being  farmers 
or  farm  laborers.  Although  the  proportion  of  the  foreign  and 
native-bom  farmers  is  about  equal,  the  per  capita  of  wealth  for 
the  latter  is  about  twice  that  of  the  foreign-born;  this  would 
also  indicate  that  the  immigrating  foreigners  were  of  the  poorer 
class  of  people.  The  prairie  towns  have  the  largest  ratio  of 
native-bom  farmers,  and,  moreover,  the  wealthiest  men  of  this 
class. 


190  WISCONSIN   HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 


THE  POLITICAL  ACTIVITY  OF  WISCONSIN  GERMANS, 

1854-60 


BY  ERNEST  BRUNCKEN. 

While  the  principal  parties  opposing'  each  other  were  tlic 
Democrats  and  the  Whigs,  the  German  voters  of  Wisconsin 
were  on  the  side  of  the  former  almost  with  unanimity.  But 
as  the  question  of  slavery  assumed  greater  proportions  in  the 
public  mind,  more  and  more  of  the  Germans  became  dissatis- 
fied with  the  treatment  of  that  question  by  the  Democratic 
party.  In  1848  German  votes  helped  the  new  Free-soil  party 
to  gain  its  partial  victory  in  the  state.  The  great  majority  of 
the  Germans,  however,  notwithstanding  their  entire  lack  of 
sympathy  with,  the  slave-holders,  remained  Democrats  until  the 
outbreak  of  the  War  of  Secession  and  even  longer.  To  under- 
stand this  apparent  contradiction  it  will  be  necessary  to  dwell 
for  a  moment  on  the  characteristics  of  the  different  political 
parties  during  the  decade  preceding  the  war,  and  see  how  they 
would  present  themselves  to  immigrants  from  Germany. 

Before  the  slavery  question  became  a  disturbing  factor,  the 
Whigs  may  be  described  as  the  party  of  those  who  felt  that  there 
was  such  a  thing  as  an  American  nation,  with  an  individuality 
and  characteristics  of  its  own,  distinct  from  those  of  every  other 
nation.  These  people  were  of  the  opinion,  more  or  less  clearly 
realized,  that  the  genesis  of  this  nation  was  already  accom- 
plished, that  its  nature  and  essential  character  were  fixed,  and 
that  the  only  thing  left  for  further  development  was  the  expan- 
sion of  these  fixed  characteristics  and  their  adaptation  to  the 
growth  of  the  country,  without,  however,  changing  them  in  any 

^  Address  presented  at  the  Wisconsin  state  historical  convention  at 
Milwaukee,  Oct.  12,  1901. 


POLITICAL   ACTIVITY    OF    WISCONSIN   GERMANS.  IQI 

important  respect.  As  most  of  the  Whigs  had  come  to  Wis- 
consin from  New  England,  or  those  portions  of  the  Middle  states 
in  which  the  j^ew  England  element  was  prevalent,  they  prac- 
tically identified  this  American  national  character  with  the 
■only  kind  of  Americanism'  they  knew,  that  of  JSTew  England. 
They  intended  to  reproduce  in  Wisconsin,  as  nearly  as  possible, 
the  institutions,  together  with  the  customs,  popular  views, 
and  prejudices  of  their  native  section.  To  this  party,  also, 
were  attracted  all  who  were  economically  interested  in  resist- 
ing tendencies  towards  equality — the  wealthy,  the  protectors  of 
vested  interests,  and  finally,  the  believers  in  a  strong  govern- 
ment. Whigs  were  the  promoters  of  measures  tending  to  up- 
hold the  New  England  social  customs,  the  Puritan  Sabbath, 
temperance  legislation,  Protestant  religious  instruction  in  the 
public  schools.  By  their  opponents  they  were  called  aristo- 
crats, and  there  was  just  enough  truth  in  this  appellation  to 
make  it  politically  dangerous.  It  was  natural  that  a  party, 
the  members  of  which  were  so  conscious  of  their  national  indi- 
viduality, should  assume  a  position  of  antipathy,  if  not  hostility, 
to  the  foreign  immigrants,  whose  national  characteristics  were 
so  different  from  their  own.  They  feared  that  their 
o^^^l  peculiar  customs  and  institutions  would  be  modified  by  the 
influence  of  these  ne\\^omers,  and  that  in  the  end  the  American 
people  would  come  to  be  something  quite  different  from  what 
they  wi^ed. 

The  Democratic  party,  on  the  other  hand,  embraced  first  of 
all  those  whose  minds  were  less  influenced  by  national  peculiar- 
ities and  predilections,  and  more  by  that  body  of  ideas  concern- 
ing liberty  and  equality  which  one  may  roughly  call  the  Jeffer- 
sonian  doctrines — a  set  of  opinions  essentially  cosmopolitan 
rather  than  national.  In  the  second  place,  to  the  Democratic 
standard  flocked  all  those  elements  which  everywhere  consisted 
of  the  admirers  of  Jackson — the  masses  who  conceived  Democ- 
racy to  represent  the  common  people  as  against  the  wealthy. 
The  Jeffersonians  were  friendly  toward  the  immigrants  by  rea- 
son of  their  principles;  the  masses  sympathized  with  the  for- 
eigners because  the  latter  were,  like  themselves,  poor,  and  had 
the  same  economic  interests. 


192  WISCONSIN   HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

Under  these  circumstances  it  is  not  at  all  surprising  that  not 
only  the  Germans,  but  also  the  Irish  and  other  foreigners  al- 
lied themselves  with  the  Democratic  party.  There  they  found 
less  disposition  to  interfere  with  their  customs  regarding  the 
keeping  of  Sunday,  the  use  of  beer  and  wine,  and  similar  things 
which  may  appear  of  small  account  to  the  highly  educated,  but 
are  of  great  importance  to  the  masse?  who  have  few  sources 
of  enjoyment.  Among  the  Democrats  also  they  found  a  will- 
ingness to  allow  them  to  participate  in  all  the  political  rights 
and  privileges  of  the  native  citizen. 

Moreover,  the  educated  portion  of  the  foreigners,  and  particu- 
larly the  German  "Forty-eighters,"  found  that  the  doctrines  of 
Jefferson,  the  Democratic  sage,  were  identical  with  those  for 
which  they  had  fought  in  their  native  land  and  for  which  they 
had  bwfi  driven  into  exile. 

When  the  slavery  question  became  uppermost,  it  was  espe- 
cially this  latter  class,  the  political  exiles  and  their  sympathiz- 
ers, who  felt  themselves  in  an  uncomfortable  predicament. 
They  were  Democrats  because  in  that  party  they  found  the  bul- 
wark of  liberty  and  equality ;  and  now  they  saw  that  same  party 
become  the  main  support  of  a  system  than  which  nothing 
could  be  imagined  more  abhorrent  to  Jcffersonian  doctrines. 
When  the  Republican  party  was  organized,  the  majority  of  the 
"Forty-eighters"  rallied  around  its  banner,  and  together  with  the 
old  Free-soilers  formed  what  may  be  called  the  Jeffersonian  wing 
of  the  new  party.  The  greater  part,  however,  of  the  Repub- 
lican voters  came  out  of  the  camp  of  the  old  Whigs.  In  com- 
ing together  to  form'  the  new  organization,  the  two  wings  did 
not  propose  to  give  up  their  respective  principles  as  they  had 
held  them  before  the  slavery  question  came  to  the  fore.  The 
only  thing  which  united  them,  was  their  common  opposition  to 
the  spread  of  slavery  into  free  territory. 

That  this  view  of  the  nature  of  Gorman  Republicanism  is 
correct,  becomes  evident  from  the  perusal  of  a  speech  by  Carl 
Schurz,  given  at  Albany  Hall  in  Milwaukee,  during  the  cam- 
paign for  the  election  of  Byron  Paine  as  justice  of  the  supreme 
court  in  1859.  Schurz  was  then  the  acknowledged  leader  of 
the  German  Republicans  of  the  state,  and  his  views  may  be 


POLITICAL   ACTIVITY    OF   WISCONSIN    GERMANS.  1 93. 

taken  as  typical  of  those  of  most  of  tliis  element.  The  particu- 
lar phase  of  the  anti-slavery  stru^^le  which  was  then  before  the 
public,  was  the  fugitive  slave  law',  which  had  twice  been  de- 
clared unconstitutional  by  the  supreme  court  of  Wisconsin. 
The  United  States  supreme  court,  however,  had  reversed  the 
decisions  of  the  state  tribunal,  much  to  the  disgust  of  the  more 
violent  anti-slavery  men.^  Schurz,  in  discussing  these 
questions,  took  occasion  to  analyze  the  relation  of  the  state  to 
the  federal  government,  which  he  did  in  the  most  approved  style 
of  the  states'  rights  school.  He  praised  the  Virginia  and  Ken- 
tucky resolutions,  and  his  highest  constitutional  authority  was 
Calhoun.  The  federal  government  seemed  to  him  a  dangerous 
animal,  ^v*hich  if  not  chained  tight  by  strict  construction 
of  the  constitution,  would  devour  the  last  trace  of  self-govern- 
ment and  liberty.^ 

The  consequences  which  this  speech,  strange  as  coming  from 
the  lips  of  a  professed  Republican,  had  upon  Mr.  Schurz's  po- 
litical career,  will  be  treated  of  later.  It  is  mentioned  in  this 
place  only  to  show  the  antagonism  which  must  have  existed 
between  the  German  wing  of  the  Republicans  and  its  Whig  as- 
sociates. 

While  the  "Forty-eighters,"  who  were  new-comers  and  had  no 
previous  alliances  with  the  Democratic  party,  threw  themselves 
into  the  struggle  against  slavery  with  fll  the  ardor  with  which 
in  their  old  home  they  had  fought  against  the  absolute  and 
pseudo-constitutional  governments,  the  older  leaders  of  the 
Wisconsin  Germans  remained  true  to  the  Democratic  party 
that  had  stood  by  the  foreigners  in  their  fight  for  political  equal- 
ity with  the  natives.  Their  arguments  against  the  Republi- 
cans were  based  on  the  ground  that  the  new  party,  as  the  suc- 
cessor of  Whigs  and  Knownothings,  had  inherited  their  prin- 
ciples ;  that  it  was  hostile  to  foreign-bom  citizens,  favoring  Puri- 
tan Sabbath  observance  and  prohibition  of  the  liquor  traffic,  and 
was  generally  the  enemy  of  all  human  liberty  and  progress. 
These   arguments,   like  the   charge   of   aristocratic   tendencies 

^See  In  re  Booth,  3  Wis.,  1;   In  re  Booth  and  Rycroft,  3  Wis.,  145; 
U.  S.  vs.  Booth,  18  How.,  476;  21  How.,  506. 
''Milwaukee  Sentinel,  March  28,  1859. 


194  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

against  the  old  "Whigs,  did  not  entirely  lack  truth,  and  by  their 
ineans  the  Democrats  succeeded  in  keeping  the  greater  part  of 
the  German  voters  true  to  their  banner,  notwithstanding  their 
almost  universal  opposition  to  the  slavery  system. 

Having  in  this  necessarily  brief  and  unsatisfactory  manner 
described  the  general  character  of  the  political  life  among  the 
German  voters  of  the  period,  I  will  now  relate  in  some  detail 
the  part  which  Germans  took  in  the  political  affairs  of  Wiscon- 
sin from  the  organization  of  the  Republican  party  to  the  out- 
break of  the  War  of  Secession.  I  make  no  pretensions  to  ex- 
haustiveness.  The  material  I  have  had  at  hand  has  been  almost 
exclusively  of  a  printed  nature,  principally  the  newspapers  of 
the  time.  But  very  few  of  the  files  of  the  German  newspapers 
of  those  years  are  at  present  accessible.  Many  have  probably 
perished  forever. 

On  the  thirteenth  day  of  July,  1854,  a  mass  convention  was 
held  at  Madison  for  the  purpose  of  organizing  the  new  Repub- 
lican party.  As  far  as  I  have  been  able  to  discover,  the  only  Ger- 
mans attending  were  Karl  Roeser,'^  of  Manitowoc,  A.  H.  Biel- 
feld,^  Dr.  Charles  E.  Wunderly,^  and  Christian  Essellen*  of 

^Karl  Roeser  was  born  in  Germany  in  1809,  became  a  lawyer,  took 
part  in  the  abortive  revolutionary  movements  of  1830,  was  imprisoned 
for  high  treason,  but  soon  pardoned,  and  continued  to  practice  his  pro- 
fession. Tailing  part  in  the  renewed  revolution  of  1848,  he  was  again 
sentenced  to  imprisonment,  but  succeeded  in  escaping  and  made  his  way 
to  America.  In  1853  he  founded  the  Manitowoc  Demokrat,  which  from 
the  first  was  strongly  anti-slavery.  In  1861  he  was  appointed  to  a  posi- 
tion in  the  treasury  department,  which  he  held  until  near  his  death, 
continuing  at  the  same  time  to  write  for  many  German  newspapers, 
especially  the  Washington  Yolkstribun.  He  died  in  Washington  on 
November  14th,  1897. 

^  A.  H.  Bielfeld  was  born  at  Bremen,  Germany,  on  June  20,  1818.  He 
came  to  the  United  States  in  1836,  spent  a  year  or  two  in  Mexico,  came 
back  to  this  country  and  settled  in  Wisconsin  in  1843.  He  was  the  first 
city  clerk  of  Milwaukee. 

°  Dr.  C.  E.  Wunderly  was  born  on  December  6,  1818,  received  an  edu- 
cation as  physician  and  surgeon  in  German  schools  and  universities, 
emigrated  to  Texas,  and  in  1845  came  to  Wisconsin.  He  died  February 
22,  1859. 

*  Christian  Essellen  took  part  in  the  revolutionary  movements  of  1848, 
and  had  to  go  into  exile  in  consequence.    He  published  the  first  German 


POLITICAL   ACTIVITY   OF   WISCONSIN    GERMANS.  I95 

Milwaukee.  The  Germans  of  the  latter  city  would  not  have  been 
represented  at  all,  had  not  the  VereinFreierM dinner,  a  sort  of  de- 
bating society  to  which  most  of  the  Milwaukee  "Forty-eighters" 
and  their  sympathizers  belonged,  taken  the  matter  in  hand,  and 
at  two  of  its  meetings  hotly  debated  the  question  of  sending  del- 
egates. The  Democrats  in  the  society,  under  the  leadership  of 
Schoeffler  and  Fratny,  resorted  to  every  possible  means  of  ob- 
struction and  prevented  the  taking  a  vote  on  the  measure.  Then 
the  Republicans  tried  to  call  a  mass  meeting  of  German  citizens 
for  the  evening  of  July  12,  the  day  before  the  convention.  But 
the  German  daily  papers,  all  of  which  were  Democratic,  refused 
to  publish  the  notice,  and  as  a  consequence  only  four  persons  at- 
tended the  meeting.^  Thereupon  the  above-mentioned  Repub- 
lican leaders  went  to  Madison  on  their  own  responsibility,  and 
were  duly  recognized  as  delegates  from  Milwaukee.  The  con- 
vention did  not  fail  to  realize  the  importance  of  agitation  among 
the  Germans.  Wimderly  w^as  made  a  member  of  the  first 
Republican  state  central  committee,  and  a  committee  was  ap- 
pointed to  raise  funds  for  the  establishment  of  a  German  Re- 
publican paper  at  Milwaukee.^ 

About  the  time  of  this  convention,  Bernhard  Domschke  made 
his  appearance  in  Milwaukee,  and  soon  became  one  of  the  most 
important  leaders  of  the  German  Republicans.  He  came  from 
Louisville,  Ky.,  where  he  had  been  associated  with  Karl  Hein- 
zen  in  the  publidation  of  a  newspaper.  He  made  his  debut  in 
an  address  on  August  6,  1854,  on  the  ''Democratic  Church.'* 
This  created  so  much  excitement  that  Fratny,  the  leader  of  the 
non-Catholic  wing  of  the  German  Democrats,  challenged  him  to 
a  public  debate,  which  took  place  three  days  later  in  Market 
Hall,  crowded  to  its  utmost  capacity.^  As  usual  in  such  cases, 
the  friends  of  both  speakers  claimed  the  victory  for  their  cham- 

literary  and  scientific  journal  in  this  country,  first  as  a  weekly  an'd  later 
as  a  monthly.  Its  name  was  Atlantis;  first  published  at  Detroit,  it  then 
was  printed  at  Milwaukee,  and  finally  at  Buffalo.  It  was  issued  for 
about  five  years. 

^Atlantis,  i,  p.  263. 

'^  The  committee  consisted  of  Charles  E.  Wunderly,  A.  H.  Bielfeld,  J.  R. 
Brigham,  Edwin  Palmer,  and  Asahel  Finch,  jr. 

^Koss,  Milwaukee,  p.  449. 


196  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

pion ;  but  the  undoubted  result  was,  that  attention  was  attracted 
to  the  man  from  Kentucky.  On  October  7,  1854,  appeared 
the  Korsar,  the  first  German  Republican  paper  in  Milwaukee. 
Its  editor  was  Domschke,  while  the  financial  backer  was 
Rufus  King,  of  the  Sentinel.  So  the  new  party  had  almost 
from  the  start  three  German  weekly  papers  at  its  command; 
for  besides  the  Korsar  and  Roeser's  Wisconsin  DemoTcrat 
at  Manitowoc,  the  Pionier  at  Sauk  City  espoused  the  Repub- 
lican cause. 

This  was  the  time  when  the  Knownothing  movement  and  its 
oif-shoot,  the  American  party,  had  obtained  considerable  power 
in  several  states,  and  the  foreign-born  citizens  everywhere  had 
become  frightened  at  their  success  in  a  much  greater  degree 
than  the  real  strength  of  the  agitation  warranted.  It  does  not 
appear  that  the  American  party  ever  had  an  appreciable  in- 
fluence in  Wisconsin.-^  How  strong  the  Knownothing  order 
ever  became,  it  is  impossible  to  learn  from  the  material  at  hand. 
But  however  that  may  be,  the  Germrois  all  over  the  United 
States  felt  grave  apprehensions.  On  many  sides  it  was  pro- 
posed that  the  foreign-born  citizens  should  unite  into  a  distinct 
party  for  the  purpose  of  protecting  themselves  against  attacks 
upon  their  rights.  At  Milwaukee,  the  German  debating  club  at 
one  time  had  for  its  subject  the  question :  "Is  it  conducive  to- 
progress,  if  the  liberal  Germans  in  the  United  States  form  a 
political  party  of  their  own?""  Against  this  idea,  Domschke 
set  himself  from  the  beginning.  In  this  connection  an  article 
^from  his  pen,  which  appeared  in  the  Wisconsin  Demokrat  on 
August  17,  1854,  is  interesting  as  showing  his  position,  which 
was  undoubtedly  typical  of  that  of  other  "Forty-eighters."  He 
says,  among  other  things:  "The  idea  of  forming  a  union  of 
foreigners  against  nativism  is  wholly  wrong,  and  destroys  the 
possibility  of  any  influence  on  our  part ;  it  would  drive  us  into 
a  union  with  Irishmen,  those  American  Croats.  In  our  strug- 
gle we  are  not  concerned  with  nationality,  but  with  principles ; 

^  In  1856,  the  number  of  votes  cast  for  the  "American"  presidential 
candidate,  Fillmore,  was  579,  against  52,843  Democratic  and  66,090  Re^ 
publican  votes. — Wisconsin  Blue  Book. 

^  Koss,  Milwaukee,  p.  440. 


POLITICAL   ACTIVITY    OF    WISCONSIN   GERMANS.  1 97 

we  are  for  liberty,  and  against  union  with  Irishmen  who  stand 
nearer  barbarism  and  brutality  than  civilization  and  humanity. 
The  Irish  are  our  natural  enemies,  niot  because  they  are  Irish- 
men, but  because  they  are  the  truest  guards  of  Popery." 

It  is  not  a  part  of  the  subject  matter  of  this  paper  to  relate 
in  detail  the  political  history  of  the  state  during  the  following 
six  years.  Suffice  it  to  recall,  that  the  Republican  party  from 
the  first  showed  great  strength,  and  within  two  years  had  its 
representative  in  the  gubernatorial  chair.  In  1856,  the  state 
cast  her  electoral  votes  for  Fremont,  and  four  years  later  went 
for  Lincoln.  During  all  this  time  Republicanism  steadily 
gained  ground  among  the  Germans,  but  at  no  time  was  there 
anything  like  a  general  falling  away  from  the  Democratic  stand- 
ards. Temperance  and  Knownothingism  were  the  great  bug- 
bears that  kept  them  largely  from  joining  the  party  to  which 
their  anti-slavery  sentiments  would  have  drawn  them.  To  this 
was  added  the  fact  that  in  the  eyes  of  the  Catholic  Germans  the 
Republicans  were  identical  with  their  old  and  bitter  enemies, 
the  "Forty-eighters."^  As  time  progressed,  and  the  Democrats 
began  to  feel  the  stings  of  defeat,  the  tone  of  discussion  in  the 
newspapers  and  on  the  stump  became  exceedingly  bitter.  The 
anti-slavery  party  was  never  luentioned  except  as  the  "Black 
Republican"  party,  and  "nigger  worshippers"  became  one  of 
the  mildest  epithets.  Here  are  some  selections  from  an  article 
in  the  Seebote  published  ISTovember  6,  1858 : 

You  know  yourselves  of  what  elements  the  so-called  Republican  party 
Is  composed.  Temperance  men,  abolitionists,  haters  of  foreigners,  sac- 
rilegious despoilers  of  churches  (Kirchenschaender) ,  Catholic-killers, 
these  are  the  infernal  ingredients  of  which  tnis  loathsome  Republican 
monstrosity  is  composed.  *  *  *  This  miserable  Republican  party 
is  a  blood-thirsty  tiger  ever  panting  for  your  gore,  that  would  like  to 
kill  you  with  the  most  exquisite  tortures.  *  *  *  Even  Germans  are 
miserable  and  nefarious  enough  to  fight  in  the  ranks  of  the  enemy 
for  the  destruction  of  their  countrymen. 

An  ever-recurring  charge  against  the  German  Republican  lead- 
ers was,  that  thev  were  actuated  bv  selfish  motives  because  the 


^  See  Parkman  Club  Papers,  1896,  p.  236. 


igS  WISCONSIN   HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

Republicans  stood  ready  to  give  them  lucrative  offices  or  assist 
them  in  journalistic  enterprises.^ 

The  antagonism  between  the  "grays"  and  the  "greens,"  that 
is  between  the  older  German  residents  and  those  who  had  come 
since  1848,  did  not  fill  so  conspicuous  a  place  in  the  contem- 
poraneous life  of  Wisconsin  as  it  did  in  the  older  states,  simply 
because  there  were  comparatively  few  "grays"  here.  But  oc- 
casionally it  cropped  out,  as  for  instance  in  the  newspaper  feuds 
of  Domschke  with  Fratny  and  Schoeffler.  The  political  quar- 
rels were  unhesitatingly  carried  into  social  and  business  life. 
In  1857,  Henry  Cordier,  a  young  German  lawyer  at  Oshkosh, 
had  said,  in  a  letter  to  the  Wisconsin  Demokrat:  "As  a  German 
Republican  in  Oshkosh,  this  stronghold  of  Hunkers,  I  stand 
very  much  isolated."  Thereupon  the  Democratic  paper  in  his 
town,  which  was  published  by  another  German  lawyer,  Charles 
A.  Weisbrod,  threatened  him  with  boycott.  ^  Oshkosh,  the  Hun- 
ker stronghold,  by  the  way,  gave  628  majority  for  Randall,  the 
Republican  candidate  for  governor. 

One  of  the  aims  of  which  the  German  Republican  leaders 
never  lost  sight,  was  to  prevent  their  party  from  doing  anything 
to  justify  the  charge  that  it  was  in  favor  of  Knownothingism 
and  prohibition.  In  his  account  of  the  Madison  convention  of 
1854,  Roeser,  in  his  paper,  exclaimed  exultantly:  "i^ot  a 
word  about  temperance  in  the  platform !"  In  1855  he  declared 
that  in  case  the  Republicans  should  nominate  a  temperance  man 
for  governor,  the  Germans  would  remain  true  to  the  party  but 
stay  away  from  the  polls.  On  September  25,  1855,  he  wrote 
that  Domschke,  Wunderly,  and  himself  had  been  assured  by  the 
party  authorities  that  for  the  next  two  years  the  temperance 
question  would  not  be  taken  up,  as  slavery  was  the  all-important 


^  One  of  the  charges  against  the  Republicans,  used  in  successive  cam- 
paigns was,  that  they  spent  state  money  for  campaign  purposes  by  hav- 
ing state  documents  unnecessarily  printed  in  German  and  giving  the 
contracts  to  German  Republican  printing  offices.  The  charge  was  well- 
founded,  only  the  Democrats  were  equally  guilty.  In  1853  they  had 
spent  $12,000  for  such  German  printing  "jobs." 

''Oshkosh  Deutsche  Zeitung,  Oct.  3,  1857.  Cordier  later  became  state 
prison  commissioner,  1864-70. 


POLITICAL   ACTIVITY    OF    WISCONSIN    GERMANS.  IQQ 

issue.  In  their  platforms  of  1857,  both  parties  declared  with 
great  emphasis  against  nativism.  The  Democrats  said  in  their 
platform : 

Resolved,  That  we  hold  in  detestation  the  intolerant  and  un-American 
spirit  which  aims  to  curtail  the  privileges  of  those  who,  coming  from 
other  lands,  seek  to  be  citizens  of  the  United  States,  and  that  the  Dem- 
ocratic party  of  this  state  will,  as  it  has  ever  done,  frown  indignantly 
on  every  attempt  to  interfere  with  the  existing  laws  relative  to  nation- 
alization. 

The  Republican  platform  contained  the  following  plank : 

Resolved,  That  the  true  advocates  of  free  labor  must  necessarily  be 
true  friends  to  free  and  unobstructed  immigration;  that  the  rights  of 
citizenship  and  the  full  enjoyment  and  exercise  thereof  make  true 
American  patriots  out  of  foreigners;  that  an  abridgement  of  those 
rights  would  necessarily  tend  to  divide  the  citizens  of  the  Republic  into 
diflferent  classes,  a  ruling  and  a  governed  class;  that  inequality  of 
rights  among  the  inhabitants  of  a  republic  will  always  be  inconsistent 
with  and  dangerous  to  true  Democratic  institutions;  and  that  therefore 
the  naturalization  question  is,  with  the  Republicans  of  Wisconsin  not 
a  question  of  mere  policy  but  principle. 

Resolved,  That  we  are  utterly  hostile  to  the  proscription  of  any 
man  on  account  of  birthplace,  religion,  or  color,  and  that  we  are  op- 
posed to  all  secret  or  public  organizations  which  favor  such  proscrip- 
tion. 

Under  these  circumstances,  it  was  not  possible  for  the  Demo- 
crats to  say  that  the  Republicans  as  a  party  were  in  favor  of  pro- 
hibition or  the  restriction  of  the  rights  of  foreigners.  But  they 
never  failed  to  point  out  such  tendencies,  whenever  they  showed 
themselves  in  individual  Republicans  either  at  home  or  in  other 
states.  For  instance,  much  was  made  of  the  fact  that  in  1858 
John  Sherman,  of  Ohio,  had  in  the  house  of  representatives 
opposed  the  admission  of  Minnesota  to  the  Union,  because  her 
constitution  provided  that  foreigners  might  exercise  the  suffrage 
before  they  had  become  fully  naturalized.  *  Sometimes  the  Re- 
publicans got  a  chance  to  retaliate  with  this  kind  of  argument, 
as  when  Stephen  A.  Douglas,  that  idol  of  the  German  Demo- 
crats, in  1855  opposed  in  the  senate  the  provision  of  the  land 

^  Oshkosh  Deutsche  Zeitung,  May  19,  1858. 


200  WISCONSIN   HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

preemption  bill  which  gave  the  same  rights  to  foreigners  having 
declared  their  intention  to  become  naturalized,  as  to  citizens ;  or 
when  in  1859,  a  man  was  appointed  deputy  collector  of  customs 
at  Port  Washington,  who  was  generally  supposed  to  have  be- 
longed to  a  Ejiownothing  lodge  and  never  denied  the  story. 
This  mistake  of  the  Buchanan  administration  excited  the  vio- 
lent disgust  of  the  Piemocratic  state  senator  of  the  district,  Sil- 
verman, and  caused  no  slight  chuckle  among  the  Republicans.^ 
In  1859,  the  strongly  Republican  state  of  Massachusetts  passed 
a  law  taking  away  the  suffrage  from  foreign-bom  citizens  until 
the  expiration  of  two  years  after  the  date  of  their  naturalization. 
This  law  created  the  most  intense  indignation  among  foreign- 
•ers  throughout  the  United  States,  and  undoubtedly  cost  the  Re- 
publicans everywhere  thousands  of  votes.  The  Republican 
■state  convention  of  the  same  year,  in  Wisconsin,  took  pains  to 
•condemn  this  law  of  another  state ;  but  for  a  long  time  it  contin- 
ued to  furnish  ammunition  to  the  Democrats,  who  said  that 
this  law  proved  how  the  Republicans  ''placed  the  German  be- 
low the  nigger."^ 

Differine:  as  they  did  with  the  majority  of  their  party  on 
nearly  every  point  except  that  of  slavery,  the  German  Republi- 
•cans  naturally  never  became  very  strong  party  men ;  but  were 
oasily  induced  tr>  vote  with  the  Democrats  whenever  the  slavery 
<luestion  was  not  directly  at  issue.  An  article  written  by 
Christian  Essellen,  in  his  magazine  Atlantis,  illustrates  this 
attitude.  After  discussing  what  the  Germans  ought  to  do  when 
compelled  to  choose  between  anti-slavery  and  temperance,  he 
says : 

We  agree  perfectly  with  the  New  York  Ahendfeitung  and  the  Illi- 
nois Staats-Zeitung  in  this,  that  where  no  other  way  can  be  found  we 
■ought  to  lay  principal  stress  on  the  slavery  question  in  state  and  con- 
gressional, but  on  the  temperance  question  in  municipal  elections.  To 
those  who  would  U  draw  us  into  the  ranks  of  the  pro-slavery  party 
by  showing  us  a  beer  mug,  we  will  reply  that  we  would  rather  submit 
to  annoying  measures  than  betray  the  grand  principles  of  liberty.* 


^Madison  Democrcf,  February  25,  1859. 

'  For  an  impartial  discussion  of  the  Knownothing  movement  from  the 
standpoint  of  the  Germans,  see  Julius  Froebel,  Aus  Amerika,  1,  p.  513. 
^Atlantis,  i,  p.  194. 


POLITICAL   ACTIVITY    OF   WISCONSIN    GERMANS.  20I 

The  argaiments  of  those  non-Catholic  Germans  who  remained 
Democrats,  are  well  characterized  in  another  article  by  Essellen : 

If  the  curse  of  slavery  is  mentioned  for  which  that  party  conducts 
its  propaganda,  if  one  points  to  Kansas  and  Missouri,  it  is  replied  that 
all  that  has  nothing  to  do  with  the  Democratic  party  of  Wisconsin; 
that  Wisconsin  has  no  slavery.  If  one  calls  attention  to  the  bad  and 
fraudulent  management  of  the  present  Democratic  state  administration, 
complains  about  the  frittering  away  of  the  school  lands  or  the  frauds 
connected  with  the  building  of  the  Insane  Hospital,  if  one  shows  up  the 
corruption  of  the  Democratic  party  of  the  state,  either  these  things  are 
denied  or  refuge  is  taken  in  answers  like  this:  It  is  better,  after  all, 
to  have  at  the  head  of  the  state  government  negligent  spendthrifts  who 
leave  us  our  personal  liberty,  than  virtuous  Puritans  that  will  load  us 
down  with  temperance  legislation.  If  we  remind  them  of  the  connec- 
tion of  the  Democracy  with  the  Jesuits,  we  get  for  an  answer  the  gen- 
eral horror  of  Knownothings,  fearing  whom  seems  to  be  the  principal 
occupation  of  Germans  even  in  Wisconsin.^ 

At  the  time  when  the  Republican  party  was  organized,  in 
1854,  the  German  vote  in  Wisconsin  had  already  become  so 
strong  that  both  parties  found  it  advisable  to  have  a  place  on 
their  state  tickets  given  to  a  representative  of  that  nationality. 
Accordingly  in  1855,  the  Republicans  nominated  for  state  treas- 
urer Carl  Roeser,  who  was  credited  with  having  been  chiefly  in- 
strumental in  carrying  Manitowoc  county  in  1854,  theretofore 
strongly  Democratic,  for  the  new  party.  Roeser,  however,  was 
defeated  by  Charles  Kuehn,  also  a  German,  who  was  nominated 
by  the  Democrats  and  beoanije  the  suceessor  of  EdM'fard  Janssen, 
his  countryman,  as  state  treasurer.  In  1857,  Francis  Huebsch- 
mann,  of  Milu-iaukee,  one  of  the  principal  leaders  of  the  "free- 
thinking"  wmg  among  the  Germian  Democrats,  was  a  candidate 
for  the  nomination  of  governor  by  the  Democratic  convention. 
He  was  defeated  by  James  B.  Cross,  and  Carl  Habich  of  Dane 
county  became  the  German  representative  on  the  ticket,  being 
nominated  for  state  treasurer.  He  was  at  the  time  the  deputy  of 
Treasurer  Charles  Kuehn.  Dr.  Huebschmann  and  his  friends 
did  not  take  their  defeat  in  good  part..  In  his  paper,  the 
Gradaus,  he  charged  the  del^ates  to  the  convention  with  cor- 

^  Atlantis,  iii,  p.  225.  ,    \ 

14 


202  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

riiption.^  This  naturally  brought  a  violent  storm  of  indigna- 
tion about  his  oars,  but  before  long  he  had  his  revenge.  At  the 
Milwaukee  charter  election  in  the  following  spring,  a  large  sec- 
tion of  the  Democrats  joined  the  Republicans  for  the  purpose  of 
overturning  the  Democratic  city  administration,  which  was 
charged  with  incapacity  and  corruption.  The  fight  was  espe- 
cially hot  in  ITuebschmann's  home  ward,  the  second,  which  was 
almost  wholly  German.  In  this  ward  lived  the  two  candidates 
for  city  treasurer:  li.  Schwarting,  the  regular  Democrat,  and  A. 
von  Cotzhausen,  the  reform  candidate,  who  had  the  endorse- 
ment of  the  Republicans.  Huebschmann  was  one  of  the  most 
active  of  the  reformers.  Of  course  he  was  charged  with  being 
actuated  merely  by  a  desire  for  revenge  u]X)n  the  Democrats  who 
had  preferred  Cross  to  himself  as  governor.  The  fight  attracted 
the  attention  of  the  entire  state.  The  outcome  \^as,  that  the  re- 
formers elected  a  Republican,  William  A.  Prentiss,  for  mayor, 
who  became  thereby  the  first  Republican  city  officer  in  Milwau- 
kee. Cotzhausen,  however,  the  reform  candidate  for  city  treas- 
urer, was  defeated. 

By  this  time  the  German  Republicans  had  found  for  them- 
selves a  leader  beside  whose  eminent  ability  even  such  gifted  men 
as  Roeser,  Wunderly,  and  Domschke  appeared  insignificant. 
This  leader  was  Carl  Schurz.  When  Schurz  came  to  Wisconsin 
in  the  spring  of  1853,  and  settled  in  Watertown,  he  was  not  more 
than  twenty-four  years  old;  but  already  known  to  every  Ger- 
man in  the  United  States  as  the  youth  who  three  years  before 
had  helped  Gottfried  Kinkel,  the  poet  and  revolutionist,  to  es- 
cape from  the  prison  at  Spandau,  where  he  had  been  incarcer- 
ated for  high  treason.^  Schurz  took  an  active  interest  in  the 
political  affairs  of  his  new  home  from  the  very  start,  but  not 
until  the  Fremont  presidential  campaign  did  he  attract  general 
attention.  It  is  stated,  on  the  authority  of  C.  C.  Kunz,  of  Sauk 
City,^  that  the  first  to  bring  Schurz  forward  as  a  stump  orator 
was  L.  P.  Harvey,  who  later  became  governor.  At  a  meeting 
of  the  state  central  committee  in  the  smnmer  of  1856,  he  spoke 

^  Oshkosh  Deutsche  Zeitung,  Oct.  17,  1857. 
"  Parkman  Club  Papers,  1896,  p.  235. 
"Seebote,  March  27,  1897. 


POLITICAL   ACTIVITY    OF    WISCONSIN    GERMANS.  2O3 

of  liini  as  a  bright  yomio-  German  he  had  met  at  Watertown, 
who  was  building  a  house  for  himself,  but  was  ready  to  go  on 
the  stump  for  Fremont  as  soon  as  the  house  was  finished.  Har- 
vey, it  seems,  was  ignorant  of  the  Kinkel  affair.  But  a  few 
days  later  the  Madison  State  Journal  published  an  article,  pre- 
sumably from  the  pen  of  Horace  Rublee,  in  which  the  story  of 
Schurz's  bravery  was  told.  This  of  course  threw  a  sort  of  ro- 
mantic glamor  around  the  young  orator,  and  made  people 
curious  to  hear  him. 

In  1857,  the  Republicans  nominated  Carl  Schurz  for  the  of- 
fice of  lieutenant-governor.  The  Republican  candidate  for  gov- 
ernor, x\lexander  W.  Randall,  was  elected  by  454  majority  out 
of  a  total  vote  of  88,032 ;  but  Schurz  was  defeated  by  the  Dem- 
ocratic candidate,  E.  D.  Campbell,  by  107  votes.  As  it  was 
probable  that  many  German  Democrats  had  scratched  their 
tickets  in  favor  of  Schurz,  it  seemed  evident  that  a  considerable 
number  of  native  Republicans  had  refused  to  vote  for  the  Ger- 
man candidate.  The  Democrats  did  noi:  fail  to  take  advantage 
of  this  circumstance.  '"There  you  see  the  character  of  the 
Black  Republicans,"  they  would  argue.  "They  are  willing 
enough  to  put  a  German  on  their  ticket  so  as  to  catch  German 
votes.  But  when  it  comes  to  the  election,  they  take  good  care 
that  the  d d  Dutchman  is  not  elected." 

From  this  time  on,  the  German  portion  of  the  Republican 
party  became  decidedly  unfriendly  to  the  state  administration, 
and  especially  to  its  head,  Governor  Randall.  This  internal 
quarrel  contributed  not  a  little  towards  keeping  the  Germans 
away  from  the  new  party.  In  the  summer  of  1858  the  German 
leaders  published  a  long  manifesto,  which  amounted  to  an  open 
declaration  of  war  against  the  administration.  It  was  signed 
by  Bemhard  Domschke,  Henr^^  Cordier,  H.  Lindemann,  Win- 
ter and  Ritsche,  publishers  of  the  Yolkshlatt,  Carl  Roeser,  and 
Carl  Schurz.  Among  other  things  the  manifesto  contains  the 
following  passages : 

The  Republican  party  of  this  state  has  been  unfortunate  in  that  the 
former  head  of  the  administration  has  not  succeeded  in  disproving  the 
charge  of  corrupt  acts,  although  he  was  elected  principally  on  the  issue 
of    political    honesty.       It  is   true   that  the    present  administration 


204  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

stands  clear  of  such  accusations;  but  we  have  cause  to  complain  of 
many  acts  which  must  injure  the  harmony  and  prosperity  of  the  Re- 
publican party.  Corrupt  opponents  of  Republicanism,  and  even  un- 
worthy individuals,  have  been  favored  and  encouraged  while  men  of 
merit  have  been  disregarded  and  shoved  aside.  Such  actions,  with  the 
surrounding  circumstances,  must  destroy  the  confidence  of  the  Repub- 
lican masses  in  their  leaders  and  representatives,  discourage  honest 
endeavors,  and  weaken  the  effectiveness  of  the  party  organization.  The  c 
Democrats  may  do  such  things  without  astonishing  the  world  or  doing 
injury  to  themselves;  but  an  administration  which  has  solemnly  bound 
itself  to  lend  no  ear  to  the  influence  of  cliques  and  to  proceed  honestly, 
openly,  and  with  decision,  cannot  break  such  promises  without  injuring 
the  credit  and  organization  of  the  party  to  which  it  owes  its  installa- 
tion in  office.  An  attempt  to  manage  a  new  party,  like  the  Republican, 
on  the  plan  of  that  organization  whose  only  aim  is  the  distribution  of 
public  plunder,  must  have  a  tendency  to  gain  temporary  advantages  at 
the  cost  of  principle,  to  make  concessions  in  order  to  win  outward 
power,  to  unite  for  the  purpose  of  expediency  the  most  incompatible 
opposites,  and  to  make  principle  the  humble  slave  of  circumstances. 
When  a  party  gives  way  to  such  influences,  it  may  suddenly  find  itself 
sinking  from  the  solid  ground  of  principle  to  the  changeable  platform 
of  time-serving  inconstancy. 

In  closing,  the  document  reiterates  the  adherence  of  the  sign- 
ers to  Republican  jjririciples,  and  expresses  a  hope  for  the  future 
total  abolition  of  slavery. 

Schurz,  in  the  meantime,  was  rapidly  becoming  a  man  of 
more  than  local  reputation.  In  1858,  he  took  a  somewhat  con- 
spicuous part  in  the  great  Lincoln-Douglas  campaign  in  Illi- 
nois ;  and  in  April,  1859,  he  was  called  to  Boston,  to  help  the  Re- 
publican cause  in  the  very  birthplace  of  anti-slavery  sentiment. 
While  he  was  thus  busy  in  spreading  Republican  doctrines,  he 
was  violently  attacked  at  home.  The  most  outrageous  of  the 
assaults  of  his  enemies  was  a  statement  made  in  the  Beaver 
Dam  Democrat  to  the  effect  that  Schurz  was  in  the  pay  of  the 
Prussian  government,  which  kept  him'  here  as  a  spy  on  his  fellow 
exiles  from  Gennany.  The  only  evidence  offered  in  support  of 
this  charge,  was  that  his  property  had  not  been  confiscated  as 
had  that  of  many  other  i*ef ugees.  The  affair  naturally  created 
a  great  deal  of  discussion.  Huntington,  the  editor  of  the  paper 
which  had  published  the  libel,  refused  to  tell  who  had  given  him 


POLITICAL   ACTIVITY    OF    WISCONSIN    GERMANS.  205 

the  information,  and  the  friends  of  Schurz  guessed  in  vain  who 
the  author  was.  At  one  time  suspicion  fastened  itself  on  Leon- 
ard Mertz,  who,  however,  in  an  indignant  communication  to- 
the  Watertown  Transcript^  cleared  himself  of  the  accusation. 
Finally  the  VoJksfrcund  claimed  to  have  discovered  the  slan- 
derer in  Emil  Roethe,  publisher  of  the  Watertown  WeUhuerger, 
who  had  foraierly  been  a  protege  of  Schurz's  and  had  even  lived 
for  a  w^hile  in  his  house.  Roethe  denied  the  charge  in  general 
terms,  but  many  continued  to  believe  it  tnie.^ 

When  the  time  approached  for  the  state  convention  of  1859, 
the  anti-administration  wing  of  the  Republicans  decided  that 
Schurz  must  be  nominated  for  governor.  Carl  Roeser  became 
the  naanager  of  his  campaign.  '"We  are,"  he  said  in  his  paper, 
"from  principle  in  favor  of  the  nomination  of  Carl  Schurz  as 
candidate  for  governor,  not  because  he  is  a  German,  but  because 
we  demand  of  the  Republican  party  that  by  an  open,  living  deed, 
namely  the  nomination  of  a  foreign-born  citizen  who  has  secured 
esteem  througliout  the  United  States,  it  disprove  the  charges 
of  Knownothingism  made  against  it."  The  fight  between  the 
Schurz  forces  and  the  followers  of  Governor  Randall,  who  sought 
a  renomination,  became  quite  bitter ;  and  Randall,  in  his  hatred 
of  Schurz,  finally  declared  that  he  was  willing  to  withdraw  from 
the  contest  if  thereby  he  could  defeat  the  nomination  of  his  op- 
ponent. When  the  convention  met,  however,  it  was  found  that 
out  of  174  votes  cast  only  48  were  for  Schurz.  It  is  stated  that 
20  of  these  came  from  delegates  of  German  birth.  Schurz  was 
tendered  the  nomination  for  lieutenant  governor,  but  he  de- 
clined. The  defeated  candidate,  whose  home  by  this  time  liad 
been  transferred  from  Watertown  to  Milwaukee,  was  on  his  re- 
turn given  a  public  reception  by  the  Young  Men's  Republican 
club;  and  in  a  speech  on  Market  sc[uare  reaffirmed  his  loyalty 
to  Republican  principles  and  promised  to  work  for  the  election 
of  Randall.  Some  of  his  German  followers,  however,  did  not 
accept  his  defeat  so  philosophically.  The  German  Republican 
club  of  Manitowoc  adopted  violent  resolutions  in  which  Gover- 
nor Randall  was  denounced  as  a  Knownothing,  a  friend  of  cor- 
ruptionists,  and  an  advocate  of  the  fugitive  slave  law.   Through- 

"■  Atlas,  Dec.  28,  1858;   Feb.  28,  1859. 


206  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY. 

out  the  State,  large  numbers  of  Gennaii  R,e])ublicans  stayed 
away  from  the  jwlls  on  aeoonnt  of  this  disaffection. 

The  charge  against  Randall  of  upholding  tlie  fugitive  slave 
law,  brings  us  back  to  the  consideration  of  the  difference  in  prin- 
ciples, within  the  Republican  party,  of  tliose  with  Democratic 
.antecedents,  like  Schurz  and  his  Germans,  and  those  who  came 
from  the  old  Wliig  ])arty.  vJndoubtcdly  there  was  no  real  truth 
in  the  charge.  But  very  likely  the  governor  had  expressed  him- 
self to  the  effect  that  after  the  supreme  court  of  the  United 
States  had  overruled  the  decisions  of  the  state  supreme  court 
and  declared  the  fugitive  slave  law  constitutional,  no  further  re- 
.sistance  to  that  law  could  be  permitted  until  it  had  been  prop- 
erly repealed.  Schurz,  however,  and  his  Germans  entertained,  in 
this  instance  at  least,  the  most  extreme  states'  rights  doctrine,  as 
appears  from  his  speech  for  Byron  Paine.  Although  he  no- 
where expressly  mentioned  the  right  of  nullification,  his 
theories  undoubtedly  lead  directly  to  that  teaching.  These 
views  were  shared  by  many  of  the  old  Free-soilers,  who  either 
were  Democrats  in  everything  but  the  slavery  question,  or  who, 
like  the  old  Liberty  party  men,  forgot  everything  else  in  their 
zeal  for  the  abolition  of  slavery. 

Xaturally,  the  form  of  Republicanism  which  appears  in  the 
Byron  Paine  speech  of  Carl  Schurz  did  not  remain  unchal- 
lenged. It  was  especially  Timothy  O.  Howe,  later  United 
States  senator,  who  took  up  the  sword  to  defend  the  centralistic 
nature  of  Republican  principles.  After  considerable  discussion 
in  the  newspapers,  and  in  correspondence  with  prominent  Re- 
publicans, he  made  the  matter  one  of  the  principal  grounds  of 
objection  to  Schurz's  nomination  for  governor.  He  recurred  to 
the  matter  in  the  state  convention  of  1860,  when  Schurz  was 
anxious  to  be  a  delegate  to  the  Chicago  national  convention. 
Howe  asked  him  point  blank  whether  he  considered  the  peculiar 
views  expressed  by  him  in  the  Milwaukee  speech  with  regard 
to  the  jurisdiction  of  the  state  and  federal  courts,  essential  to  the 
principles  of  the  Republican  party.  Schurz,  after  some  discus- 
sion, finally  admitted  that  his  views  on  that  question  were  not 
essential  to  Republicanism,  and  'with  this  answer  Howe  was 
satisfied.     Schurz  was  duly  elected  a  delegate,   as  the  party 


POLITICAL   ACTIVITY    OF    WISCONSIN    GERMANS.  20/ 

leaders  were  anxious  to  heal  the  breach  between  the  two  factions. 
Undoubtedly  the  same  desire  towards  conciliation  had  contrib- 
uted toward  the  election  of  Schurz  as  regent  of  the  state  univer- 
sity by  the  legislature,  at  the  session  of  1859.  This  election  had 
become  necessary  by  the  resignation  of  Professor  Carr. 
The  office  of  regent  at  that  time  seems  to  have  been  considered  a 
political  plum,  for  it  appears  that  the  successful  candidate  was 
elected  by  a  strict  party  vote  over  Leonard  Mertz,  for  whom  the 
Democrats  cast  their  ballots.^ 

The  action  of  Schurz  in  retreating  from  his  extreme  position 
on  the  states'  rights  question,  did  not  at  all  please  his  abolitionist 
friends.  Associate-Justice  A.  D.  Smith  also,  whose  term  was 
then  about  to  expire,  made  a  violent  at  lack  on  him.  The  Ger- 
man Kepublicans  and  the  various  shades  of  abolitionists  had 
from  the  first  been  closely  connected,  because  both  were  more 
radical  in  their  anti-slavery  views  than  was  congenial  to  the 
more  conseiwative  majority  of  their  party.  ^  A  number  of 
prominent  Gennans,  including  some  Avho  afterwards  remained 
stout  adherents  of  Democracy,  had  been  members  of  the  vigi- 
lance committee  during  the  excitement  connected  with  the  res- 
cue of  the  fugitive  slave  Glover.^  Later,  Wunderly  was  one 
of  Sherman  Booth's  sureties  during  the  oriminal  j^rosecution 
against  him.  When  Schurz  became  the  Republican  candidate 
for  lieutenant-governor  in  1857,  it  was  Booth  who  nominated 
him  in  the  convention.  When  John  Brown  was  executed  on 
December  2,  1859,  the  Milwaukee  Germans,  in  addition  to  the 
general  meeting  of  citizens  at  the  chamber  of  commerce,  held 
an  indignation  meeting  of  their  own,  and  the  resolutions  passed 


^  Legislative  Journal,  Feo.  2,  1859. 

-  At  one  of  the  anti-fugitive  slave  law  meetings  in  1854,  resolutions 
were  passed  that  advocated  nullification  in  its  crudest  form.  At 
this  meeting  a  state  league  was  formed,  with  the  following  ofBcers: 

E.  B.  Wolcott,  president;  A.  H.  Bielfeld,  secretary;  C.  E.  Wunderly, 
treasurer;  Ira  C.  Paine,  vice-president.  See  Vroman  Mason,  "Fugitive 
Slave  Law  in  Wisconsin,"  Wis.  Hist.  Soc.  Proc,  1895,  p.  128. 

=*  These  members  were  Wunderly,   Christian   Essellen,   F.   Neukirch, 

F.  Fratny,  and  Moritz  Schoeflaer.  A.  H.  Bielfeld,  the  Free-soiler,  acted 
as  secretary  of  the  mass  meeting  on  March  11,  1854. 


208  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL   SOCIETY. 

upon  that  occasion  contained  the  following  paragraph  which 
ought  to  have  satisfied  the  most  impetuous  abolitionist : 

Resolved,  That  if  the  last  means  to  solve  the  slavery  question  in  a 
peaceful  manner  fails,  it  would  in  our  opinion  be  perfectly  justifiable 
to  gain  that  end  in  revolutionary  ways;  and  that  all  responsibility  for 
such  a  necessary  step  will  rest  on  the  heads  of  those  who  persistently 
refuse  to  abolish,  by  means  of  reform,  an  institution  that  disgraces  our 
century  and  this  republic. 

It  must  not  be  imagined,  of  course,  that  the  slavery  question 
was  during  all  these  years  the  only  political  matter  which  in- 
terested the  people  of  the  state  or  the  German  element  among 
them.  The  antagonism'  between  the  Catholics  and  the  free- 
thinkers, wdiich  was  so  noticeable  during  the  preceding  period, 
continued  with  unabated  vigor.  In  1854,  the  anti-Catholic 
paper  Flughldtter'^  was  the  subject  of  some  heated  debates  in 
both  houses  of  the  legislature,  where  Assemblyman  Worthing- 
ton  of  Waukesha  and  Senator  MeGarry  of  Milwaukee  offered 
resolutions  prohibiting  the  legislative  postmasters  from  dis- 
tributing this  publication  to  tlie  members.  These  resolutions, 
however,  were  not  adopted.  The  religious  radicalism  of  the 
"Forty-eighters" ^  found  vent  in  their  support  of  a  movement  for 
the  abolition  of  the  exemption  of  church  property  from  taxation. 
In  1855,  Assemblyman  Jamtes  Bennett,  of  Manitowoc,  put  him- 
self at  the  head  of  this  movement,  and  presented  numerous  peti- 
tions in  its  behalf,  ^'cry  largely  signed  by  Germans.  The  same 
gentleman  also  offered  a  motion  to  strike  out  the  customary  ap- 


^Parkman  Club  Papers    1896,  p.  236. 

-  Besides  the  Catholics  and  the  freethinkers  or  "Forty-eighters,"  the 
Lutheran  element  of  the  German  population  hardly  appears  as  a  dis- 
tinct factor,  as  far  as  the  political  affairs  of  this  period  are  concerned. 
Many  Lutherans,  probably,  were  retained  in  the  Democratic  party 
through  the  influence  of  Dr.  Walther,  of  St.  Louis,  the  German-Luth- 
eran patriarch  of  this  country.  He  approved  of  slavery  on  the  ground 
that  it  had  biblical  authority.  Walther's  influence  was  particularly 
strong  in  the  congregations  belonging  to  the  Missouri  synod,  so-called. 
But  in  the  younger  organization,  known  as  the  Wisconsin  synod,  there 
was  from  the  first  a  pronounced  anti-slavery  spirit  which  led  most 
Lutherans  belonging  to  it  into  the  Republican  ranks. 


POLITICAL   ACTIVITY    OF    WISCONSIN    GERMANS.  209 

propriation  for  the  services  of  a  chaplain  of  the  assemhly,  which 
was  promptly  voted  down,  but  earned  for  its  author  the  warm 
praise  of  his  toAvnsman,  Carl  Roeser.  Mr.  Bennett's  political 
career,  by  the  way,  seems  to  have  come  to  an  abrupt  close,  for 
his  name  does  not  reappear  in  the  lists  of  members  of  the  legis- 
lature. 

The  school  question  was  widely  debated  during  that  period 
and  here  is  what  one  leading  "Forty-eighter,"  Christian  Es- 
sellen,  has  to  say  on  the  subject :  ^'It  seems  to  me  it  is  a  wrong 
conception  of  religious  tolerance,  and  an  extension  of  it  beyond 
its  natural  limits,  if  religious  associations  are  permitted  to 
snatch  from  the  state  a  part  of  public  instruction  and  use  it  for 
their  selfish,  one-sided  ecclesiastical  purposes."  He  went  on  to 
advocate  the  jjrohibition  of  all  private  and  parochial  schools, 
and  as  a  first  step  in  that  direction  the  subjection  of  all  such,  in- 
stitutions to  the  supervision  of  the  state  authorities.-^  It  is 
doubtful,  however,  whether  Essellen  here  expressed  the  views  of 
most  of  the  "Forty-eighters,"  for  just  about  this  time  they  were 
very  active  in  founding  private  schools  wherever  there  were  con- 
siderable numbers  of  Grerman  residents. 

•  During  this  period  no  inconsiderable  number  of  Germans  held 
various  stat«  offices,  including  membership  in  the  legislature. 
Most  of  the  German  members  of  the  latter  were  on  the  Demo- 
cratic side.  Among  the  more  prominent  of  them  was  Fred 
Horn  of  Cedarburg,  who  in  1854  A\ias  speaker,  as  he  had  been  in 
1851,  and  was  to  be  again  in  1875.  Another  Democrat  of  consid- 
erable prominence  in  the  legislature  was  Charles  G.  Rodolph, 
who  represented.  Iowa  county  in  1851,  Richland  in  1858,  and 
was  in  the  senate  during  the  sessions  of  1859  and  1860.  He 
gained  some  notoriety  by  a  speech  on  the  Kansas  troubles, 
February  28,  1858.  During  that  session  a  considerable  portion 
of  the  legislative  time  was  spent  in  discussions  of  the  national 
political  situation.  On  March  1,  Paul  Weil,  of  West  Bend, 
another  German  Democratic  member,  offered  a  resolution  "that 
all  buncombe  speeches  on  Kansas  be  limited  to  five  minutes." 
But  the  resolution  was  promptly  tabled,  and  the  flow  of  oratory 
went  on  as  before.     On  the  whole  the  influence  of  the  Germans 

^  Atlantis,  i,  p.  24. 


2IO  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY. 

in  the  legislature  does  not  seem  to  have  been  very  great.  In 
1859,  Bernhard  Domschke  passed  a  pretty  severe  judgment  on 
them.  But  his  opinion  may  have  been  influenced  by  the  fact 
that  in  the  legislature  of  that  year  the  German  members 
were  all  Democrats.  He  referred  to  the  fact  that  several  Ger- 
man papers  had  mentioned  with  satisfaction  that  no  less  than 
fourteen  mem-bers  of  the  legislature  were  Germans.  To 
this  he  replied,  that  mere  numbers  would  never  gain  the  admi- 
ration of  others  for  the  Germans,  if  they  lacked  ability.  Of 
all  the  Germans  there  was  but  one  of  respectable  capacity — 
Horn.  The  rest  were  mere  ciphers.  Then  he  went  on :  "The 
others  are  mostly  dumb  as  codfish,  play  second  or  third  fiddles, 
stay  at  home  half  of  the  week  rather  than  attend,  and  on  oc- 
casion disgrace  the  German  name  by 'foolish  speeches  as  did 
Senator  Eodolph  the  other  day."^ 

On  the  whole,  the  picture  which  the  Germans  in  Wisconsin 
present  during  the  period  from  1854  to  1860,  is  a  satisfactory 
one  from  the  standpoint  of  a  member  of  that  element  who  de- 
sires to  seo  his  nationality  exert  an  influence  projwrtionate  to 
their  numbers  and  capacity,  and  from  the  point  of  view  of  an 
American  who  wishes  that  so  important  an  element  in  our  com- 
monwealth shall -become  an  organic  part,  instead  of  remaining 
a  foreign  body  within  the  community. 

The  German  immigration  into  Wisconsin,  before  the  war, 
reached  its  high  water  mark  in  1854,  when  according  to  the  esti- 
mate given  by  Fred  Horn  who  was  then  commissioner  of  immi- 
gration, 16,000  Germans  settled  in  the  state.  Among  the  immi- 
grants during  this  and  the  preceding  three  or  four  years,  there 
was  an  extraordinary  number  of  educated  and  able  men  who  had 
been  compelled  to  leave  their  country  for  political  reasons.  At 
first  most  of  these  imagined  that  their  exile  would  be  of  short  du- 
ration; and  consequently,  during  the  first  few  years,  took  far 
more  interest  in  the  affairs  of  Europe  than  in  those  of  the  United 
States.  ^     Others  wasted  their  strength  for   a  while  dreaming 

^Atlas   March  1,  1859. 

^  They  were  described  by  Christian  Essellen  as  "men  who  begin  every 
sentence  with  'When  the  outbrealc  comes  again'  {Wenn's  wieder 
JosgeJit)." 


POLITICAL   ACTIVITY    OF   WISCONSIN    GERMANS.  211 

about  the  foundation  of  a  German  state  in  the  N^orthwest.  But 
by  1854,  the  hopes  for  a  renewal  of  the  revolutionary  movements 
in  Germany  were  pretty  well  dissipated;  and  more  and  more 
the  leading  minds  among  the  Germans  began  to  feel  that  their 
home  was  here,  and  to  devote  their  energies  to  promoting  the 
welfare  of  their  adopted  country.  By  the  year  1860  they  had 
become  excellent  American  citizens ;  and  when  in  the  following 
year  the  War  of  Secession  broke  out,  no  element  of  our  popu- 
lation was  more  prompt  or  more  enthusiastic  than  the  Germans 
in  rallying  round  the  union  banner.  True,  as  the  war  pro- 
gressed and  its  hardships  became  more  severely  felt,  a  few  Ger- 
mans, misled  by  demagogical  copperheads,  took  part  in  the  dis- 
graceful draft  riots.  But  it  was  a  German  governor  who  put 
doAvn  these  disturbances  with  an  energy  that  put  to  shame  the 
native  governors  of  I^ew  York  and  some  other  states  in  similar 
emergencies.  The  administration  of  Governor  Salomon,  how- 
ever, lies  beyond  the  scope  of  this  paper. 


PROCEEDINGS 

OF  THE 

State  HistoricalSociety  of  Wisconsin 

AT   ITS 

FIFTIETH  ANNUAL  MEETING 

Held  December  1 1,  1902 


MADISON 

PUBLISHED  BY  THE  SOCIETY 

1933 


^ublis^eb  bn   ^utboritn  of  ^afa 


1,200  COPIES  PRINTED 


DEMOCRAT  PRINTING  CO.,  MADISON,  STATE  PRINTER 


CONTENTS 


Principal  Officers  of  the  Society,  1849-1902 
Officers,  1902-1903  .... 

Committees     ...... 

LiBR.'VRY  Service      ..... 

Proceedings  of  Fiftieth  Annual  Meeting 
Executive  Committee  Meeting,  Dec.  11, 1903 


PAGE 

3 

5 
6 
7 
9 
15 


APPENDIX 


A.— Report  OF  Executive  Committee 

Summary  .... 

Death  of  Charles  Kendall  Adams 

Financial  condition- 
Change  in  fiscal  year 
State  appropriations 
Maintenance  of  building 
Binding  fund 
Antiquarian  fund 
Draper  fund 
Mary  M.  .\dams  art  fund 

Library  accessions — 
Statistical    . 
Important  accessions     . 

The  library- 

A  union  of  interests 
Legislative  reference  library 
Transfer  of  the  Ely  collection 
Duplicates  and  exchanges 
Binding        .... 
Catalogue  division 

Manuscripts- 
Calendar  of  Wm.  Clark  papers 
Phillipps  manuscripts  . 

Publications- 
Volume  xvi  of  Collections 
Index  to  Proceedings   . 
Materials  for  illustration 
Collection  of  cuts 

Office  work- 
Professional  conventions 
State  field  work    . 

Museum 

North  wing  needed  . 

Increased  funds  necessary 


18 
20 

24 
24 
26 

27 
28 
28 
28 

29 
31 

^Z 
32 
2.^ 
34 
35 
35 

37 
40 

44 
46 
47 
4-7 

48 
50 
50 
52 

52 


TABLE  OF  CONTENTS 


Page 
B.— Report  OF  Finance  Committee  .  .  .  .  .  .  .55 

C— Report  OF  Treasurer         ........      57 

D.— Report  OF  Draper  House  Committee  .  .  .  .  .61 

E.— Fiscal  Report  OF  Secretary       .......      63 

F.— Report  from  Green  Bay  Historical  Society  (Auxiliary)    .  .      74 

G.— Givers  OF  Books  AND  Pamphlets        ......      76 

H.— Miscellaneous  Gifts         .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .96 

I.— List  of  Society's  Publications,  1850-1902    .  .  .  .  .    102 

J.— Periodicals  AND  Newspapers  Currently  Received     .  .  .    127 

K.— Wisconsin  Necrology,  YEAR  ending  Nov.  30, 1902        .  .  .    142 

L,.— Historical  Papers— 

Gen.  Harrison  Carroll  Hobart,  by  E.  A.  Calkins      .  .  .  .    148 

The  Booth  War  in  Ripon,  by  Geo.  W.  Carter 161 

Reminiscenses  of  the  Early  Northwest,  by  Mary  Mitchell  .  .    173 

The  Wisconsin  Phalanx,  at  Ceresco,  by  S.  M.  Pcdrick       .  .  .    190 


PRINCIPAL  OFFICERS  OF  THE  SOCIETY,  1849-1902 


PRESIDENT 

Elected 

NELSON  DEWEY January    30,  1819 

LEONARD  J.  FARWELL January    21, 1852 

WILLIAM  R.  SMITH January    18,  1854 

INCREASE  A.  LAPHAM             January      2,  1862 

ALEXANDER  MITCHELL January      2,  1872 

CADWALLADER  C.  WASHBURN            .         .         .  January      2,  1878 

JOHN  A.  RIGE January      2,  1883 

JOHN  JOHNSTON January      2,1890 

ROBERT  L.  McCORMICK December  12,  1901 


CORRESPOXDIXG  SECRETARY 

INCREASE  A.  LAPHAM 

LYMAN  C.  DRAPER 

REUBEN  G.THWAITES  


January  30,  1849 
January  18,  1854 
January      6,  1887 


Title  changed  to  secretary  by  chap.  89,  laws  of  Wisconsin  for  1897.  By 
resolution  of  the  executive  committee,  adopted  February  10,  1898,  the  sec- 
retary was  also  given  the  title  of  "superintendent  of  the  library,  art  gal- 
lery, and  museum." 


RECORDING  SECRETARY 

CHARLES  LORD January  30,  1849 

JOHN  W.  HUNT            March  14,  1854 

STEPHEN  V.  SHIPMAN January  3,1860 

Lafayette  KELLOGG              January  2,  1861 

FRANK  H.  FIRMIN             January  2,  1862 

STEPHEN  V.  SHIPMAN January  2,1866 

FRANK  H.  FIRMIN             January  2,1872 

ROBERT  M.  BASHFORD January  3,  1881 

ELISHA  BURDICK             January  7,1886 

Mr.  Burdick  died  July  18,  1896.  The  office  was  then  discontinued;  by 
resolution  of  the  society,  adopted  December  10,  1896,  its  duties  were  merged 
with  those  of  the  corresponding  secretary  (see  above). 


4  PRIKCIPAL   OFFICERS   OF  THE   SOCIETY,  1849-1902 

TREASURER 

EZEKIEL  M.  WILLIAMSON January    30,  1849 

CHARLES  LORD January    21,  1852 

A.  C.  INGHAM January    19,  1853 

OBADIAH  M.  CONOVER January    18,  1854 

ALEXANDER  H.  MAIN      .  ....  January      1,1869 

PRANK  F.  PROUDFIT January      6,  1887 

M.  RANSOM  DOYON October      6,  1900. 

LUCIEN  S.  HANKS  October    30,  1900 

LIBRARIAN 

JOHN  W.  HUNT January    18,  1854 

CHARLES  LORD March       14,  1854 

JULIUS  P.  ATWOOD  .        ,        .        .        .        .  June  6,  1851 

STEPHEN  H.  CARPENTER       .        .        .        .        .  January     5,  1855 

DANIEL  S.  DURRIE January     1,  1856 

ISAAC  S.  BRADLEY September  6,  1892 

By  resolution  of  the  executive  committee,  February  10,  1898,  the  libra  - 
rian  was  also  given  the  title  of  "assistant  superintendent  of  the  library > 
art  gallery,  and  museum." 


OFFICERS  OF  THE  SOCIETY,  1903 


PRESIDEN2' 

aON.  ROBERT  L.  McCORMICK 


Hayward 


VICE-PRESIDENTS 

HON.  JOHN  B.  CASSODAY 
HON.  LUCIUS  C.  COLMAN 
HON.  EMIL  BAENSCH  . 
HON.  JAMES  SUTHERLAND 
HON.  WILLIAM  F.  VILAS 
WILLIAM  W.  WIGHT,  LL.  D. 


Madison 

La  Crosse 

Manitowoc 

Janesville 

Madison 
Milwaukee 


SECRETARY  AND  SUPERINTENDENT 

REUBEN  G.  THWAITES 


Madison 


TREASURER 


lucien  s.  hanks 


Madison 


LIBRARIAN  AND  ASST.  SUPERINTENDENT 

ISAAC  S.  BRADLEY         ....  Madison 

CURATORS,  EX-OFFICIO 

HON.  ROBERT  M.  LaFOLLETTE  .  .  .  Governor 

HON.  WALTER  L.  HOUSER  .  .        Secretary  of  State 

HON.  JOHN  T.  KEMPF    .  .  .  State  Treasurer 


CURATORS,  ELECTIVE 
Term  expire*  at  annual  meeting  in  1903 


CHARLES  N.  GREGORY,  LL.  D. 
HON.  LUCIEN  S.  HANKS 
HON.  JOHN  JOHNSTON 
REV.  PATRICK  B.  KNOX 
HON.  ROBERT  L.  McCORMICK 
HON.  GEORGE  RAYMER 


ARTHUR  L.  SANBORN,  LL.  B. 
HON.  HALLE  STEENSLAND 
HON.  E.  RAY  STEVENS 
HON.  JAMES  SUTHERLAND 
HON.  WILLIAM  P.  VILAS 
WILLIAM  W.  WIGHT,  LL.  D. 


6  OFFICERS   OF  THE  SOCIETY,   1903 

Term  expires  at  annual  meelinc]  in  190i 

HON.  ROBERT  M.  BASHFORD      DANA  0.  MUNRO,  A.  M. 
GEN.  EDWIN  E.  BRYANT  WILLIAM  A.  P.  MORRIS,  A.  B. 

HON.  JOHN  B.  CASSODAY  HON.  ROBERT  G.  SIEBECKER 

JAIRUS  H.  CARPENTER,  LL.  D.  HON.  BREESE  J.  STEVENS 
HON.  LUCIUS  C.  COLMAN  HERBERT  B.  TANNER,   M.  D. 

HON.  HENRY  E.  LEGLER  FREDERICK  J.  TURNER,  Ph.  D  . 

Term  expires  at  annual  meeting  in  1903 

RASMUS  B.  ANDERSON,  LL.  D.     HON.  BURR  W.  JONES 
HON.  EMIL  BAENSCH  HON.  JOHN  LUCHSINGER 

CHARLES  N  BROWN,  LL   B.         RT.  REV.  S.  G.  MESSMER 
HON.  GEORGE  B.  BURROWS        J.  HOWARD  PALMER,  Esq. 
FREDERIC  K.  CONOVER,  LL.  B.  JOHN  B.  PARKINSON,   A.  M. 
HON.  ALFRED  A.  JACKSON  HON.  N.  B.  VAN  SLYKE 

EXECUTIVE   COMMITTEE 

The  tliirty-six  curators,  the  secretary,  the  librarian,  the  gov- 
ernor, the  secretary  of  state,  and  the  state  treasurer,  constitute 
the  executive  conunittee. 

STANDING  COMMITTEES    (OF  EXECUTIVE  COMMITTEE) 

Librari/ —  Turner  (chairman),  Raymer,  Munro,  Legler.  and  the  Sec- 
retary (ex-offleio). 

Art  Gallery  and  Museum  — Brown  (chairman),  Knox,  Hanks,  and  the 
Secretary  (ex-oiRcio). 

Printing  and  Publication  —  Conoyer  (chairman),  Turner,  Wight,  Munro, 
and  the  Secretary  (ex-officio). 

Finance  — Van  Slj'ke  (chairman),  Morris,  Burrows,  Pahner,  and  Steens- 
land. 

Advisory  Committee  (ex-officio)'  —  Turner,  Brown,  Conover,  and  Van 
Slyke. 

SPECIAL  COMMITTEES    (OF  THE   SOCIETY) 

Auditing  Committee  —  C  N.Brown  (chairman) ,  A.  B.  Morris,  and  E.B. 
Steensland. 

Bienni'il  Address,  1903 —  Thwaites  (chairman),  Stevens,  Turner,  Munro, 
and  Parkinson. 

Field  Meetings  —  Turner  (chairman),  Wight,  Jackson,  Legler,  and 
Thwaites. 

Belations  with  the  State  Unirersity  —  Thwaites  (chairman),  Hanks, Bur- 
rows, Morris,  and  Raymer. 


LIBRARY  SERVICE 


secretary  and  superintendent 

Reuben  Gold  Thwaites 

librarian  and  assistant  superintendent 

Isaac  Samuel  Bradley 

assistant  librarian 

Minnie  Myrtle  Oakley 

(Chief  Catalogiier) 


LIBRARY  ASSISTANTS 

[In  order  of  seniority  of  service] 


Emma  Alethea  Hawley 
*  Annie  Amelia  Nunns 

Florence  Elizabeth  Baker 
tEMMA  Helen  Blair 

Mary  Stuart  Foster 

Iva  Alice  Welsh 

Clarence  Scott  Hean 

Elizabeth  Church  Smith 

Eve  Parkinson 

Louise  Phelps  Kellogg 

Anna  Jacobsen 

Leora  Mabbett 

Edna  Adams 

Daisy  Girdham  Beecropt 
+Mary  Ellen  Collins 


—  Public  Documents  Division  . 

—  Superintendent'' s  Secretary 

—  Reading  Boom  and  Stack 

—  Maps  and  3fSS.  Division 

—  Periodical  Division 

—  Accession  Division 

—  Newspaper  Division 

—  Catalogue  Division 

—  Shelf  Division 

—  Maps  and  3fSS.  Division 

—  Catalogue  Division 

—  Periodical  Division 

—  Reading  Room  and  Stack 

—  Superintendent^^  Clerk 

—  Legislative  Reference  Library 


Katharine  Cramer 
William  E.  Grove 
Fred  M.  Holcomb 
Frances  S.  C.  James 
Mar-iorie  D.  Johnson 


STUDENT  ASSISTANTS 
[In  alphabetical  order] 

—  Maps  and  MSS.  Division 

—  Reading  Room  and  Stack 

—  Superintendents  Clerk 

—  Catalogue  Division 

—  Public  Docuiy'nf"  D»««'>^''*'^ 


*  In  Europe,  on  leave  of  absence. 
tOn  leave  of  absence. 
X  Daring  session  of  1903. 


LIBRARY  SERVICE 


CARE-TAKKRS 


Thomas  Dean  —  Engineer  and  Head  Janitor 

Everett  Westbury  —Janitor  and  Assistant  Engineer 

Ceylon  Childs  LlNCOIiN  —Museum  Attendant  and  Janitor 

Bennie  Butts  —  Messenger  and  Office  Janitor 

Emma  Ledwith  —  Honseleeper 
TlLLIE  GUNKEL,  MaRY  HiNTZEN, 

Grace  Koch,  Clara  Springman  -Housemaids 

Charles  Kehoe  —Night  Engineer  (Winter) 

Donley  Davenport  —  Eleraior  Attendant 


Library  Open  — Daily,  exeept  Saturdays,  Sundays,  holidays,  and  Uni- 
versity vacations:  8  A.  M.  to  10  p.  ]sr. 

Saturdays:  8  A.  M.  to  4  p.  M.  (buildins:  closed  early,  for  weekly 
cleaning) . 

Holidays  and  vacations:  as  per  announcement. 

VFuSEUM    Open  — Daily,    except    Saturdays,    Sundays,   and    holidays: 
9  A.  M.  to  5  P.  M. 
Saturdays:  close  at  4  P.  M.,  for  weekly  cleaning. 
Holidays:  as  per  announcement. 


THE  STATE  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY  OF  WISCONSIN 


FIFTIETH  AXXUAL  MEETING' 

The  fiftieth  annual  meeting  of  the  State  Historical  Society 
of  Wisconsin  was  held  in  the  lecture  room  of  the  State  Histor- 
ical Libran'  Building,  at  ^ladison,  upon  Thursday  evening, 
l>ecember  11,  1902. 

President's  Address 

President  McCormick,  upon  taking  the  chair,  spoke  as  fol- 
lows: 

Members  of  the  State  Historical  Society  of  Wisconsin:  Upon  taking 
the  chair  for  the  first  time,  to  preside  over  the  deliberations  of  the 
society,  I  feel  particularly  gratified  that  this  meeting  is  of  itself  of 
such  historical  importance — for  the  preoont  is  the  fiftieth  annual  meet- 
ing under  the  reorganization  of  the  society. 

I  have  taken  great  interest  in  studying  the  records  of  the  institution 
during  the  half  century  of  its  growth.  There  was,  to  be  sure,  an 
earlier  organization.  It  will  be  remembered  that  nearly  five  years 
ago  we  fittingly  celebrated  the  semi-centennial  of  the  organization  of 
the  Wisconsin  State  Historical  Society  by  members  of  the  first  state 
legislature,  and  other  distinguished  citizens;  this  event  took  place  in 
Madison,  the  twenty-ninth  of  January,  1849.  But,  as  is  well  known, 
the  society,  under  this  organization,  accomplished  nothing  of  import- 
ance. A  few  addresses  had  been  delivered,  and  there  was  a  library  of 
but  fifty  volumes,  mostly  Wisconsin  public  documents. 

It  was  discovered — to  use  the  words  of  our  present  secretary  and 
superintendent,  in  his  history  of  the  society — that  "what  was  every- 
body's business  was  nobody's;  some  one  must  devote  his  entire  time 
to  the  work,  becoming  personally  responsible  for  the  conduct  of  the 


1  The  report  of  proceedings  here  published,  is  condensed  from  the 
official  MS.  records  of  the  society. — Sec. 

2 


lO  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 

society's  affairs,  and  impafting  to  it  life  and  individual  character." 
Lyman  C.  Draper  was  imported  from  Philadelphia,  for  this  purpose. 
March  4,  1853,  the  society  was  granted  a  charter  by  the  legislature — 
the  same  instrument  under  which  it  is  operating  today.  But  owing  to 
some  differences  of  opinion  among  the  members,  relative  to  the  scope 
of  the  society's  work  and  the  qualifications  of  membership,  there  was 
another  delay  of  nearly  a  year;  it  was  the  eighteenth  of  January,  1854, 
before  Draper  was  actually  chosen  as  secretary.  This  event  took  place 
at  the  fifth  annual  meeting  of  the  society,  according  to  the  old  record 
book;  but  the  change  in  the  character  of  the  society  was  so  great,  that 
the  officers  thenceforth  dropped  the  old  numbering,  and  called  the 
meeting  at  which  Draper  was  elected  and  the  reorganization  took 
effect,  the  first.  This  new  numbering  has  ever  since  been  maintained, 
which  accounts  for  the  fact  that  this  is  called  the  fiftieth  annual 
meeting. 

While  the  change  in  the  numberings  of  the  meetings  was  perhaps 
unfortunate  from  an  historical  point  of  view — for  this  should  properly 
be  deemed  the  fifty-fifth  annual  meeting  instead  of  the  fiftieth — yet 
viewed  from  the  standpoint  of  progress  it  was  a  just  change.  For 
with  the  advent  of  Dr.  Draper's  secretaryship  the  society,  as  we  know 
it,  really  began.  I  never  knew  him,  but  from  Mr.  Thwaites's  memoir 
of  the  good  man,  I  think  I  can  see  him  in  my  mind's  eye — a  short,  wiry 
man,  a  bundle  of  nervous  energy,  self-sacrificing  to  a  degree  seldom 
seen  among  us,  a  rare  scholar,  of  a  retiring  personality  yet  bold  as  a 
lion  when  fighting  for  his  beloved  society  We  are  indeed  fortunate  in 
having  had  such  a  founder.  When  he  finally  resigned  at  the  close  of 
the  year  1886,  after  thirty-three  years  of  unceasing  activity  in  our 
behalf,  the  society's  library  contained  118,666  titles,  the  average  yearly 
increase  being  about  2,500  titles;  he  had  edited  ten  volumes  of  Wis- 
consin Historical  Collections:  had  accumulated  a  binding  fund  of 
$20,000;  had  brought  together  a  creditable  museum;  and  had  made  the 
society  and  its  work  favorably  known  in  Europe  as  well  as  in  Amer- 
ica. His  resignation  marked  the  close  of  what  we  may  call  the  first 
epoch  of  the  society's  growth. 

The  second  epoch  opened  with  the  election  of  his  successor,  the 
present  secretary.  Fortunately  this  epoch,  which  has  completed  its 
first  sixteen  years,  has  not  yet  closed;  let  us  hope  that  it  will  not  for 
many  years  to  come.  In  the  presence  of  the  secretary,  I  can  give  but 
a  few  figures,  illustrating  our  growth  during  these  sixteen  years.  The 
library  has  actually  doubled  in  size — a  solid  growth,  representing 
books  of  the  highest  character;  the  number  of  readers  is  nearly  ten 
times  as  great  as  it  was  in  the  old  days;  the  museum  has  quadrupled 
in  extent,  and  in  character  bears  small  resemblance  to  old-time  con- 
ditions; our  private  funds  have,  through  the  wise  husbandry  of  our 
finance  committee,  been  more  than  doubled,  tjie  $20,000  which  Draper 


FIFTIETH   ANNUAL  MEETING  II 

left  us  having  been  increased  to  about  $45,000 ;  the  state  appropriation 
is  now  four  times  as  great  as  then;  the  old  staff  of  four  workers  has 
grown  until  we  now  have  thirty-two  persons  in  our  employ.  Our 
beautiful  new  building  is  one  of  the  handsomest  library  structures  in 
America,  and  far  overshadows  in  beauty  and  excellence  of  construction 
any  other  building  owned  by  this  state;  scholars  are  coming  to  us 
from  all  parts  of  the  country;  our  publications  appear  to  grow  in 
excellence  with  each  new  year;  and  our  reputation  as  a  learned  society 
has  become  world-wide.  We  have  taken  on  modern  methods  in  every 
branch  of  our  work;  and  librarians  and  historical  societies  the  country 
over,  write  to  us  for  help  in  organizing  their  own  institutions.  With 
this  new  building,  v/ith  our  now  large  and  experienced  staff  of  work- 
ers, and  with  the  creditable  endowment  granted  to  us  by  the  state,  we 
have  a  great  future  before  us.  The  snow-ball  set  to  rolling  by  Lyman 
C.  Draper  has  grown  to  be  of  prodigious  size — far  larger,  in  fact,  than 
probably  Draper,  in  the  height  of  his  enthusiasm,  ever  dreamed. 

But  although  it  is  encouraging  to  reflect  upon  our  progress,  we  must 
not  spend  all  of  our  time  in  self  congratulation.  Other  institutions  of 
like  character  are  also  at  work.  We  have  far  more  of  this  friendly 
competition  than  we  had  a  dozen  years  ago.  To  be  eminent  in  any 
line  of  undertaking,  means  hard  work  to  maintain  the  position;  to 
stop,  would  be  to  go  backward. 

We  already  need  the  deferred  north  wing  to  our  building.  Our  ad- 
ministrative rooms  are  fairly  sufficient  for  some  time  to  come;  but 
our  book-storage  capacity  is  not  as  great  as  it  should  be.  The  legis- 
lature should  be  asked,  at  the  next  session,  to  extend  the  appropriation 
for  a  year,  so  as  to  enable  this  wing  to  be  built. 

It  is  a  cause  for  regret  that  we  do  not  more  frequently  receive  gifts 
of  money  for  our  various  funds.  The  antiquarian  fund,  for  the  service 
of  the  museum,  needs  gifts  aggregating  $20,000.  When  it  is  reflected 
that  60,000  persons  from  all  over  Wisconsin  and  neighboring  states, 
visit  the  museum  each  year,  and  look  to  us  for  entertainment  as  well 
as  graphic  instruction  in  historical  and  ethnographical  relics  and  spec- 
imens, we  really  ought  to  be  better  able  to  help  them  than  we  now 
are.  The  library  and  the  necessarily  costly  administration  of  the  build- 
ing, absorb  practically  all  of  our  funds.  This  is  a  chance  for  our 
public-spirited  philanthropists  to  do  the  public  a  most  excellent  service, 
which  would  redouna  greatly  to  the  credit  of  the  givers.  A  gift  of 
$200  to  this  fund,  by  Vice  President  Sutherland,  within  the  year,  was 
most  acceptable.  Let  us  hope  that  during  the  coming  year  others  may 
be  inclined  to  follow  his  admirable  example. 

In  conclusion,  I  beg  again  to  thank  the  society  for  the  honor  ac- 
corded me  in  my  election  to  this  high  office.  It  is  indeed,  a  great 
distinction  to  be  chosen  to  preside  over  the  meetings  of  so  famous  a 
body  as  the  Wisconsin  Historical  Society;  and  I  promise  that  during 


12  WISCONSIN   HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 

the  three  years  of  my  term  of  office  I  will  do  whatever  lies  in  my 
power  to  forward  its  interests.  It  will  be  a  great  pleasure  to  meet 
with  you  at  these  annual  gatherings,  when  the  routine  work  of  the 
institution  is  passed  upon,  and  a  fresh  start  taken  for  the  succeeding 
year. 

Again  I  congratulate  you,  gentlemen,  upon  the  fiftieth  annual  gath- 
ering, with  the  splendid  record  behind,  and  the  still  more  glowing 
prospects  before  you.     I  await  the  pleasure  of  the  meeting. 

Executive  Committee's  Report 

The  secretary,  in  lx>half  of  the  executive  committee,  presented 
its  annnal  report,  which  was  adopted.      [See  Appendix  A.] 

Financial  Reports 

Chairman  N.  B.  Van  Sljke,  of  the  committee  on  finance,  pre- 
sented the  report  of  that  committee,  approving  the  report  of 
Tlreasurer  Hanks  for  tlie  seven  months  ending  June  80,  1902. 
llr.  Van  Sljke  also  presented  the  final  report  of  the  I>raper 
house  comjnittee  which,  having  sold  the  Draper  homestead,  now 
asked  to  ho  discharged  ;  and  read  the  report  of  the  auditing  com- 
m'littee  (Chairman  C.  X.  Brown)  upon  the  treasurer's  accounts. 
These  reports  were  severally  adopted,  and  the  Draper  house 
committee  was  discharged.      [See  Appendixes  B,  C,  and  D.] 

The  secretary  presented  his  fiscal  report  for  the  seven  months 
ending  Jime  30,  1902,  the  same  having  been  audited  by  the  sec- 
retary of  state  and  warrants  paid  by  the  state  treasurer.  [See 
Appcjidix  E.] 

Auxiliary  Societies 

The  secretary  presented  the  report  of  iJio  Green  Bay  Histori- 
cal Society,  an  auxiliary  to  the  state  society.  T\\o  repn-t  was 
ordere<l  i)rinted  with  the  proceedings  of  this  meeting.  [See  Ap- 
])endix  F.] 

Curators  Elected 

A  letter  was  presented  from  Prof.  Charles  H.  Haskins,  who 
had  removed  from  the  state,  tendering  his  resignation  as  curator 
for  the  torm  ending  at  the  annual  mooting  in  1904.  The  resig- 
nation was  accepted. 


FIFTIETH   ANNUAL  MEETING 


13 


Messrs.  Jolm  Johnston,  B.  J.  Stevens,  E.  G.  Updike,  A.  E. 
Pi'ondfit,  and  George  Raymer  were  appointed  a  committee  on 
the  nomination  of  curators, — one  to  fill  a  vacancy,  and  twelve 
to  serve  for  the  ensning  term  of  three  years, — and  reported  in 
favor  of  the  following,  who  were  unanimously  elected : 

For  term  expiring  at  annual  meeting  in  1904 

Prof.  Dana  C.  Munro,  of  Madison,  to  succeed  Prof.  Charles  H.  Has- 
kins,  of  Madison,  remjoved  from  the  state. 

For  term  expirine  at  annual  meeting  in  1905 

Dr.  Rasmus  B.  Anderson,  Mr.  Charles  N.  Brown,  Hon.  George  B. 
Burrows,  Mr.  Frederic  K.  Conover,  Hon.  Burr  W.  Jones,  Mr.  J.  Howard 
Palmer,  Prof.  John  B.  Parkinson,  and  Hon.  N.  B.  Van  Slyke,  of  Madi- 
son; Hon.  Emil  Baensch,  of  Manitowoc;  Hon.  Alfred  A.  Jackson,  of 
Janesville;  Hon.  John  Luchsinger,  of  Monroe;  and  Rt.  Rev.  S.  G.  Mess- 
mer,  of  Green  Bay. 

Amendment  to  Constitution 

The  following  amendment  to  the  constitution — ^notice  of 
which  had  been  presented  by  Mr.  Van  Slyke  at  the  forty-nintli 
annual  meeting,  and  published  in  the  call  for  the  present  meet- 
ing— ^Avas  adopted  unanimously:^ 

Amend  sec.  1,  art.  iii  of  the  constitution  by  substituting  for  the  word 
"December,"  in  the  third  printed  line  of  said  section,  the  word 
"October." 

Amend  sec.  4,  art.  lii,  by  substituting  for  the  word  "December"  in 
the  second  printed  line  of  said  section,  the  word  "July;"  and  by  sub- 
stituting for  the  word  "November"  in  said  line,  the  word  "June." 

Amend  sec.  7,  art.  iv,  by  substituting  for  the  word  "December,"  in 
the  fourth  printed  line  of  the  third  paragraph  of  said  section,  the  word 
"October." 


1  This  amendment  makes  the  society's  fiscal  year  accord  with  that  of 
the  state  and  of  the  state  university — closing  June  30th;  and  provides 
for  the  annual  meeting  of  the  society  in  October.  This  is  in  accord- 
ance with  the  recommendation  of  the  executive  committee,  in  its  an- 
nual report  for  1901. — Sec. 


14 


WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 


Historical  Papers 


The  following"  historical  papers  were  presented  to  the  society, 
and  ordered  published  in  the  proceedings: 

E.  A.  Calkins.  Chicago — Slcetch  of  the  late  Gen.  Harrison  Carroll 
Hobart. 

George  W.  Carter,  Ripon — The  Booth  War  in  Ripon. 

Mrs.  Mary  Mitchell,  Green  Bay — Reminiscences  of  the  Early  North- 
west. 

S.  M.  Pedrick,  Ripon — The  Wisconsin  Phalanx  at  Ceresco. 

Death  of  Mrs.  Adams 

The  president  announced  to  the  meeting  the  death  today,  at 
Kedlands,  California,  of  Mrs.  Charles  Kendall  Adains,  who  had 
given  to  tlie  society  the  Mary  M.  Adams  art  fund  and  many 
other  valuable  gifts. 

Mr.  B.  J.  Stevens  offered  the  following  appreciative  minute, 
which  was,  by  unanimous  vote,  ordered  spread  upon  the  record: 

In  the  death  of  Mrs.  Charles  Kendall  Adams,  the  sad  news  of  which 
has  just  been  conveyed  to  us,  the  society  recognizes  the  loss  to  the 
world  of  a  woman  of  charming  personality,  of  broad  sympatuies,  and 
rare  ability  and  attainments;  and  to  this  society,  of  one  of  its  most 
noble  benefactors.  The  Mary  M.  Adams  art  fund,  which  she  gener- 
ously endowed,  will  always  remain  with  us  as  a  memorial  to  the  great 
interest  which  she  felt  in  the  intellectual  uplift  of  the  people  of  this, 
her  adopted  state;  and  the  large  store  of  rich  and  beautiful  objects 
which  she — in  company  with  her  husband,  Dr.  Adams — presented  to 
our  museum,  will  long  continue  to  delight  and  interest  the  many  thou- 
sands who  annually  visit  our  rooms. 

The  meeting  thereupon  stood  adjourned. 


EXECUTIVE  COMMITTEE   MEETING  15 


MEETING  OF  EXECUTIVE  COMMITTEE 

The  annual  meeting  of  tlie  executive  coniniittoo  was  held  at 
the  close  of  the  society  meeting,  Decemlx^r  11,  11)02. 
President  McCorniick  took  the  chair. 

Election  of  New  Members 

The  following  new  nienilK'rs  woro  nnaniiiionsly  elected: 

Life 

Eau  Claire— W.  K.  Coffin. 

McMillan — B.  F.  McMillan. 

Madison — Miss  Ethel  Frances  Raymer,  and  Frederick  J.  Turner. 

Manitowoc — L.  J.  Nash. 

Milwaukee — F.  C.  Winkler. 

Wausaukee — H.  P.  Bird. 

Annual 

Ashland — W.  R.  Diirfee,  and  George  F.  Merrill. 

Appleton — N.  Dwight  Harris,  and  Rev.  P.  Otto  Jeron  de  Wahlstatt. 
Beloit — Robert  K.  Richardson,  C.  B.  Salmon,  E.  P.  Salmon,  and  Will- 
iam H.  Wheeler. 

Madison — Clarke  Gapen,  and  Dana  C.  Munro. 
afanitowoc—H.  George  Schuette. 

Milwaukee— M.  I).  Kimball,  and  Rev.  tl.  S.  Spalding.  S.  J. 
Ripon — 0.  J.  Marston. 

Corresponding: 
Clarence  Winthrop  Bowen,  New  York. 
Andrew  McFarlaiid  Davis,  Cambridge,  Mass. 
Albert  Matthews,  Boston. 

Amendment  to  By-Laws 

The  following  aniendinent  to  the  by-laws^  was  adopted:. 

Amend  sec.  1  by  substituting  for  the  words  "second  Thursday  in 
December,"  in  the  second  printed  line  of  said  section,  the  words  "third 
Thursday  of  October;"  further  amend  said  sec.  1  by  substituting  for 
the  word  "December,"  in  the  seventh  printed  line,  the  word  "October," 
and  by  substituting  for  the  word  "second"  in  said  line  the  word  "third." 


1  This  amendment  I'xes  the  time  of  the  annual  meeting  of  the  society 
on  the  third  Thursday  in  October. — Sec. 


l6  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 

Financial 

Resolutions  Avere  adopted,  authorizing  the  secretary  and  su- 
perintendent, by  and  with  the  consent  of  the  finance  committee, 
to  fix  certain  salaries  of  employes ;  also,  from  time  to  time,  as 
(x^asion  warranted,  to  draw  upon  the  inconiie  of  the  Mary  M. 
Adams  art  fund  for  the  purchase  of  objects  of  art  for  the  mu- 
seum, or  lx>oks  on  art  for  the  library. 

The  meeting  thereupon  stood  adjourned. 


APPENDIX 


A.  Report  of  Executive  Committee 

B.  Report  of  Finance  Committee 

C.  Report  of  Treasurer 

D.  Report  of  Draper  House  Committee 

E.  Fiscal  Report  of  Secretary 

F.  Report  from  Green  Bay  Histoimcal  Society  (auxil- 

iary) 

G.  Givers  of  Books  and  Pamphlets 
H.    Miscellaneous  Gifts 

I.      List  of  Society's  PuklicationS;,  1850-1902 

J.      Periodicals  and  ISTewspapers  Received 

K,     Wisconsin  K^ecrology,  year  ending  Xov.  30,  1901 

L.     Historical  Papers — 

Gen.  Harrison  Can*oll  Hobart,  by  E.  A,  Calkins 
The  Booth  War  in  Ripon,  by  George  W.  Carter 
Reminiscences  of  the  Early  Xorthwest,  by  Mrs.  Mar^ 

Mitchell 
The  Wisconsin  Phalanx  at  Oeresco,  by  S.  M.  Pcdriek 


t8  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 


REPORT  OF  THE  EXECUTIVE  CO]\£MITTEE 

(Submitted   to  the  society  at  the  fiftieth   annual  meeting,   December 

11,  1902.) 

Summary 

Although  the  society  was  organized  in  1849  and  celebrated  its 
semi-centennial  anniversary  nearly  fonr  years  ago,  this  is  the 
fiftieth  annual  meeting  since  the  reorganization  of  1853,  when 
it  took  on  its  present  form  and  methods.  The  first  amiual 
mating  under  the  reorganization  was  held  upon  January  18, 
1854,  at  which  time  Dr.  Lyman  O.  Draper  was  engaged  as  sec- 
retary, and  heg'an  the  foundation  ujx)n  which  all  that  wo  possess 
today  has  been  built.  The  event  is  therefore  one  of  much  inter- 
est in  the  history  of  our  institution. 

The  fiscal  reports  to  be  presented  at  this  meeting  are  for  the 
seven  months  ending  June  30,  1902,  and  exhibit  a  very  careful 
husbanding  of  the  society's  special  funds  by  the  finance  commit- 
t,ee.  These  aggregated  ujwn  June  30,  the  smn  of  $43,370.89 
in  cash  and  securities,  almost  wholly  the  growth  of  the  last 
twenty  years,  and  coming  to  us,  for  the  most  part,  in  small  sums. 
Such  of  the  income  of  these  funds  as  it  is  deemed  wise  now  to 
expend,  miatorially  assists  in  the  work  of  the  society.  But  tlie 
accretions  are  not  as  great  as  desirable,  and  an  effort  should  be 
made  to  enlarge  them.  The  bounty  of  the  state  should  also  be 
somewhat  increased,  in  order  to  meet  our  necessarily-growing 
expenses.  If  the  proposed  amendment  to  the  constitution  is 
passed,  the  fiscal  year  of  the  society  will  hereafter  close  with 
June  30,  and  the  annual  meetings  be  held  upon  the  third  Thurs- 
day in  October. 

The  library  accessions  for  the  twelve  months  ending  N^ovem- 
l)er  30  aggregated  10,510,  which  is  somewhat  below  that  of  tlie 
previous  year,  but  greater  than  for  any  other  like  term  in  the 
past  decade.  The  recent'  advance  in  the  price  of  books  mate- 
rially reduced  our  purchases.  The  library  now  contains 
237,456  titles,  which  is  somewhat  over  double  the  number  re- 


REPORT  OP  EXECUTIVE  COMMITTEE  19 

ported  sixteen  years  ago  (close  of  1886),  and  about  four  times 
the  aggregate  reported  twenty-eight  years  ago  (close  of  1875). 
The  normal  annual  increase  is  now  double  that  of  sixteen  yeai's 
ago.  The  manuscript  division  has  been  enriched  during  the 
3'^ear  by  the  purchase  of  the  Phillipps  manuscripts,  bearing  on 
economic,  local,  and  family  history  of  the  western  part  of  Eng- 
land in  the  latter  part  of  the  eighteenth  century  and  the  first 
half  of  the  nineteenth.  In  this  division,  there  has  also  been 
commenced  the  important  task  of  calendaring  the  Draper  man- 
uscripts, which  Avill  render  these  documents  of  far  greater  value 
to  historical  investigators  than  they  have  heretofore  been — al- 
though the  use  of  the  manuscripts  has  always  been  extensive. 

Special  card  catalogues  have  been  made  of  the  society's  cuts 
and  original  materials  for  book  illustrations,  also  of  maps  and, 
IX)rtraits ;  and  other  special  catalogues  are  in  preparation.  The 
pamphlet  collection  is  now  being  reclassified  and  recatalogiied. 
The  selection  of  our  library  as  a  depository  for  the  printed  card 
catalogue  of  the  Libraiy  of  Congress,  is  of  importance  to  investi- 
gators. 

The  sixteenth  volume  of  Wisconsin  Historical  Collections  has 
been  published  witliin  the  year ;  and  an  analytical  index  of  the 
Proceediiujs,  ivowx  1874  to  1900  inclusive,  is  in  course  of  prep- 
aration. 

The  cost  of  maintenance  of  the  new  bidlding — exclusive  of 
the  administration  of  the  society's  affairs — during  the  second 
twelve  months  of  its  occupancy  (ending  September  30  last), 
was  $9,065.35,  as  against  $9,095.02  during  tlie  first  year;  this 
is  divided  between  the  university  and  the  society.  The  regents 
of  the  university  will  hereafter  furnish  electric  light  and  power 
to  the  building,  as  they  heretofore  have  steam. 
•  The  society's  relations  with  the  library  of  the  state  university 
continue  to  bo  of  the  most  cordial  character,  amply  justifying 
the  expectation  of  those  who  had  foreseen  that  placing  the  two 
libraries  under  the  same  roof  would  result  in  broadening  and 
strengthening  the  work  of  each,  to  the  betterment  of  the  inter- 
ests of  higher  education  within  our  state. 

In  all  of  the  society's  activities — libraiy,  museum,  investiga- 
tions, and  publications — the  committee  are  enabled  to  report  a 
most  prosperous  year. 


20  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 

The  need  of  the  north  book-stack  wing  is  emphasized.  The 
legislature  is  asked  to  extend  for  one  year  the  annual  construc- 
tion appropriation  of  $100,000, — which  under  the  present 
statute  mil  cease  in  1 903, — to  enable  the  wing  to  be  built ;  the 
hope  is  also  expressed,  that  the  sum  of  $35,000,  returned  to 
the  state  for  interest  because  of  advance  payments,  may  be 
added  to  the  appropriation,  because  of  the  great  rise  in  building 
materials. 

Death  of  Charles  Kendall  Adams 

During  the  year,  the  executive  committee  suffered  a  great  loss 
in  the  death  of  one  of  its  members,  Dr.  Charles  Kendall  Adams, 
who  passed  away  at  Redlands,  California,  upon  Saturday,  the 
twenty-sixth  of  July. 

Dr.  Adams  was  born  upon  his  father's  farm  at  Derby,  Ver- 
mont, January  24,  1835,  and  there  spent  the  first  ten  years  of 
his  life.  After  teaching  school  in  Vermont  from)  1852  to  1855, 
he  removed  in  the  autumn  of  1856  to  Iowa,  nearly  a  year  in 
advance  of  his  parents.  At  the  opening  of  the  college  year  in 
1857  he  entered  as  a  student  in  the  tTniversity  of  Michigan, 
being  then  in  his  twenty-third  year,  and  "worked  his  way" 
through  that  institution  by  a  combination  of  manual  labor, 
assisting  in  the  library,  and  tutoring.  Graduating  in  1861,  he 
obtained  his  master's  degTee  after  a  year  of  graduate  study. 

At  first  serving  in  tlie  university  as  instructor  in  Latin  and 
history,  he  was  advanced  in  1863  to  the  position  of  assistant 
professor.  Four  years  later  he  was  given  the  full  professorship 
of  history,  and  immediately  thereafter  spent  a  year  and  a  half 
in  study  at  the  leading  universities  in  Germany,  France,  and 
Italy.  Soon  after  returning  to  his  post  at  Michigan,  he  estab- 
lished there  a  seminary  in  history,  upon  the  German  plan,  one 
of  the  first  in  this  country.  In  due  course  he  became  dean  of 
Michigan  University's  school  of  political  science,  and  estab- 
lished a  wide  reputation  as  a  student  and  teacher  of  history. 

Dr.  Adams  had  for  some  time  been  the  non-resident  lecturer 
on  history  at  Cornell  University,  when  in  1885  he  was  called 
to  the  presidency  of  that  institution;  and  the  following  year 
received  the  degree  of  LL.  D.  from  Harvard.  Under  his  ad- 
ministration, the  numerical  attendance  at  Ithaca  grew  from 


REPORT  OF  EXECUTIVE  COMMITTEE  2 1 

560  to  over  1,500,  and  tihe  university's  endowment  was  increased 
by  nearly  tAvo  millions  of  dollars.  In  many  ways  lie  broadened! 
and  deepened  the  work  of  Cornell,  but  resigTied  in  1892  with 
the  intention  of  thereafter  living  at  the  national  capital  and 
devoting  himself  to  historical  writing.  He  at  onoe,  however, 
received  several  invitations  to  resume  educational  work;  and 
finally,  though  with  much  hesitancy,  accepted  the  call  to  the 
presidency  of  the  University  of  Wisconsin,  to  succeed  Dr. 
Thomas  C  Chamberlin,  who  had  resigned  his  position  at  the 
close  of  the  college  year  of  1891-92,  after  a  highly  successful 
administration  of  six  years. 

Dr.  Adams  entered  upon  his  new  duties  at  the  opening  of  the 
university  in  September,  1892,  but  was  not  formally  inaugu- 
rated im.til  the  seventeenth  of  January  follomng.  During  the 
nine  years  of  his  presidency,  the  university  advanced  from  an  en- 
rollment of  1,032  students  to  a  total  of  2,715  ;  and  the  list  of  pro- 
fessors, lecturers,  fellows,  and  instructors  from  77  to  179.  Suf- 
fering from  continued  ill  health,  which  a  year's  residence  in 
Eurojje  had  failed  to  more  than  temporarily  relieve.  Dr.  Adams 
resigTied  his  post  in  the  autumn  of  1901,  and  removed  to  Cali- 
fornia, taking  up  his  home  in  Redlands,  where  he  died.  Pre- 
vious to  his  removal,  he  presented  the  greater  part  of  his  large 
and  well-selected  ])rivate  library  of  historical  works  to  tho 
library  of  the  university.  To  the  society.  Dr.  and  Mrs.  Adams 
at  the  same  time  generously  gave  the  greater  part  of  the  most 
valuable  of  their  household  possessions — pictures,  laces,  mar- 
bles, bronzes,  brasses,  ten-a-cottas,  bisques  and  casts,  articles  of 
alabaster,  glass,  ivors',  and  wood ;  pottery,  rugs,  shawls,  dra- 
j^eries,  furniture,  clocks,  lamps,  etc.  This  collection  now 
occupies  two  rooms  in  the  museum,  of  Avhich  it  is  one  of  the 
chief  attractions. 

President  Adams  was  twice  married.  The  maiden  name  of 
his  first  wife  was  Abigail  Disbrow ;  she  was  at  the  time  of  her 
marriage  with  Dr.  Adams,  in  1863,  the  widow  of  Samuel  T. 
Mudge,  a  farmer;  she  died  at  Ithaca,  July  5,  1889.  His  sec- 
ond wife,  whose  maiden  name  was  Mai*y  J.  ]\Iathews,  was  the 
v.idow  of  A.  S.  Barnes,  the  well-known  publisher,  who  liad  dietl 
in  1888,  while  Dr.  Adams  was  president  of  Cornell ;  she  mar- 


22  WISCONSIN   HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 

ried  Dr.  Adams  in  London,  July  9,  1890.  Mrs.  Mary  M. 
Adams,  who  survives  her  husband,  is  a  woman  of  broad  culture, 
with  a  rare  taste  for  the  fine  arts,  music,  and  literature,  and  a 
ix>et  whose  sonnets  have  won  the  warm  commendation  of  distin- 
guished English  and  American  critics.  Mrs.  Adams  not  only 
gave  to  this  society  on  the  occasion  of  their  removal  to  Califor- 
nia, her  own  extensive  private  library,  but  with  her  personal 
jewels  endowed  the  Mary  M.  Adams  Art  Fund  ($4,000),  which 
is  to  be  used  in  the  purchase  either  of  art  books  for  our  library 
or  objects  of  art  for  the  museum,  as  your  committee  may  direct.^ 

'Not  only  was  Dr.  Adams  a  curator  of  this  society, — having 
served  as  such  from  December,  1892,  until  his  death, — but  he 
was  in  other  ways  an  active  and  valued  worker  in  behalf  of  th« 
institution.  The  project  of  erecting  a  building  in  the  neighbor- 
hood of  the  state  university,  which  should  house  the  libraries 
both  of  the  society  and  of  the  university,  had  first  been  sug- 
gested to  this  committee  by  President  Ghamberlin  late  in  1891. 
President  Adams  entered  into  the  project  with  enthusiasm,  and 
at  the  meeting  of  January  10,  1893,  the  committee  adopted  a 
resolution  favoring  the  plan.  Two  years  later,  the  legislature 
passed  the  initial  appropriation  for  the  state  historical  library 
building,  and  the  following  year  work  was  commenced  upon  tho 
structure. 

Dr.  Adams  was  one  of  the  throe  building  commissioners 
selected  to  represent  tho  univorsity  upon  tho  building  board — 
Ihree  representing  the  state  at  large,  and  three  this  society. 
From  the  outset  he  took  a  deep  int^irpst  in  the  architectural 
details,  especially  of  the  exterior;  in  that  important  field, 
his  excellent  taste  and  considerable  experience  in  the  construc- 
tion of  library  buildings  at  Ann  Arbor  and  Ithaca  were  of 
mtucli  practical  utility  to  his  colleagues.  Dr.  Adams  was  st 
iTieml^er  of  tho  committee  on  the  selection  of  architects;  and 
(save  wlicn  absent  in  Europe)  served  continuously  imtil  leaving 

1  Mrs.  Adams  died  at  Redlands,  California,  a  few  hours  before  this 
report  was  read,  and  the  sad  news  wa?  announced  at  the  meeting  of 
the  society,  which  thereupon  unanimously  adopted  a  minute  of  its  ap- 
preciation of  her  generosity  towards  this  institution.  See  ante, 
p.  J4-— Skc, 


REPORT  OF  EXECUTIVE  COMMITTEE 


23 


for  California,  on  the  executive  and  finance  committees.  His 
fellow  commissioners  found  in  him  a  man  richly  endowed  with 
the  qualities  of  patience,  courtesy,  and  tact,  and  one  possessing 
a  keen  knowledge  of  men  as  well  as  an  unusually  intimate 
acquaintance  with  art  and  the  applied  sciences.  Seiwice  for 
five  years  upon  such  a  board,  with  the  various  perplexities  which 
almost  daily  arose  in  the  conduct  of  its  affairs, — for  the  path 
of  the  commissioners  was  not  strewn  with  roses, — was  a  severe 
test  of  a  man  whose  walk  in  life  was  that  of  the  scholar;  hut 
Dr.  Adams  was  equal  to  every  emergency,  and  won  the  admira- 
tion of  all  his  colleagues,  some  of  whom  were  eminent  in  the 
financial  and  business  world. 

An  aaionymous  writer  in  the  Madison  State  Journal  for  July 
28,  1902,  in  reviewing  the  life  of  our  many-sided  friend,  tlma 
truthfully  spoke  of  other  phases  of  his  character: 

Those  who  knew  Dr.  Adams  best,  most  loved  him.  Echoes  of  those 
who  knew  him  under  his  own  roof  are  unanimous  that  his  nature  was 
as  amiable,  his  character  as  transparently  sound,  as  his  intellect  re- 
markable. Those  who  enjoyed  his  intimacy  will  mourn  the  loss  of  a 
personal  friend,  for  they  were  very  fond  of  him,  and  he  kept  in  active 
correspondence  with  them  to  the  end.  1  he  great  body  of  alumni  regret 
the  loss  of  one  v/hc  did  much  for  their  alma  mater.  In  academic 
circles  at  home  and  abroad  Dr.  Adams's  achievements  in  scholarship 
will  be  recounted.  He  was  the  embodiment  of  dignity,  he  thought  on 
high  things;  he  towered  above  much  of  the  pettiness  that  engrosses 
other  men  to  the  exclusion  of  things  worth  while;  he  ran  a  notable 
career  from  very  humble  beginnings.  The  more  the  life  and  work  of 
this  man  who  has  gone  from  us  is  understood,  the  more  there  is  to 
admire. 

President  Adams  had  not  only  won  the  reputation  of  being 
one  of  the  most  distingnislied  of  American  educators,  but  he 
had  found  time  in  his  busy  life  to  be  an  author  and  editor  of 
repute.  He  wrote :  DeAnocvacy  and  Monarcliy  in  France. 
[1^.  Y.,  1S72  and  1875)  ;  Manual  of  Historical  Literature 
(K  Y.,  1882  and  1889)  ;  and  Christoplier  Columbus:  His  Life 
amd  Worh  (I^,  Y.,  1892).  He  was  also  a  contributor  to  the 
leading  magazines,  and  edited  Representative  British  Orations 
(3  v.,  'N.  Y.,  1885),  and  the  ninth  edition  of  Johnson's  Univer- 
sal CyclojJaedia.     Duriug  the  last  two  years  of  his  life  he  was 


24  WISCONSIN   HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 

ongao'ed  with  Dr.  William  P.  Trent,  of  Ookimbia  University, 
in  the  preparation  of  a  school  text-book  of  American  history, 
which  has  recent^'  been  pnblished  in  Boston. 

Financial  Condition 

Change  in  Fiscal  Year 

At  the  last  annual  meeting  of  the  society  (December  12, 
1901),  notice  was  given  of  the  following  proposed  amendment 
to  the  constitution,  action  upon  which  will  be  taken  at  the  pres- 
ent annual  meeting: 

Amend  sec.  1,  art.  iii  of  the  constitution  by  substituting  for  the 
word  "December,"  in  the  third  printed  line  of  said  section,  the  word 
"October." 

Amend  sec.  4,  art.  iii,  by  substituting  for  the  word  "December"  in 
the  second  printed  line  of  said  section,  the  word  "July;"  and  by  sub- 
stituting for  the  word  "November"  in  said  line,  the  word  "June." 

Amend  sec.  7,  art.  iv,  by  substituting  for  the  word  "December,"  in 
the  fourth  printed  line  of  the  third  paragraph  of  said  section,  the  word 
"October." 

The  obiect  of  this  proposed  amendment  is  to  make  the  soci- 
ety's fiscal  year  accord  with  that  of  the  state  and  of  the  state 
university — closing  June  30tli ;  and  to  provide  for  the  annual 
meeting  of  tlie  society  upon  the  third  Thursday  in  October. 
This  is  in  accordance  with  the  recommendation  of  this  commit- 
tee in  its  annual  report  for  1901. 

In  order  to  prepare  for  this  change,  and  thereby  "to  harmon- 
ize the  fiscal  reports  of  the  society  with  those  of  the  state,"  the 
society  at  the  last  annual  meeting  directed  that  the  finance  and 
auditing  coinmittees,  the  secretary,  and  the  treasurer,  "present 
their  financial  reports  to  the  annual  meeting  of  the  society  for 
1902  as  for  the  seven  months  ending  -Tune  oO,  1902  ;  and  there- 
after for  the  twelve  ninntlis  ending  -Tune  -30  in  each  year."  In 
accordance  with  this  order,  the  fiscal  rei>orts  to  be  presented  at 
this  meeting  are  for  the  period  mentioned — except  when  other- 
wise indicated. 

state  Appropriations 

Under  the  operation  of  chapter  433,  laws  of  1901,  our 
accounts  based  upon  state  appropriations  are  now  regularly 
audited  by  the  secretary  of  state  and  claims  thereon  paid  by 


REPORT  OF  EXECUTIVE  COMMITTEE 


25 


the  state  treasurer,  in  the  same  manner  as  other  state  depart- 
ments. 

The  state  now  appropriates  to  the  society,  directly,  $20,000 
annually— $15,000  under  chapter  296,  laws  of  1899,  for  the 
miscellaneous  exj^enses  of  the  society,  and  $5,000  under  chapter 
155,  laws  of  1901,  exclusively  for  books,  maps,  manuscripts, 
etc.,  for  tliei  library.  The  condition  of  these  t^vo  funds  upon 
the  thirtieth  of  June,  1902,  was  as  follows: 

Chapter  296,  Laws  of  1899 


Receipts 

Unexpended  balance  in  state  treasury,  Dec.  1,  1901 
State  appropriation  for  calendar  year,   1902     . 


Total 


12,992  52 
15,000  00 

117,992  52 


Disbursements,  7  months  ending  June  30,  1902 


Administration  of  the  Society 

Services           . |4,050  94 

Supplies  and  equipment          ....  24  73 

Printing  and  binding       .....  7  00 

Freight  and  drayage 170  85 

Travel              51  89 

Miscellaneous           .....         ^  2  00 


■ 

Administration  of  the  Building 

Services 

$2,153  51 

Supplies 

215  29 

Light  and  power 

852  00 

Telephones 

49  50 

Equipment 

5  00 

Repairs 

.          .          .          .             116  38 

$4,317  41 


Unexpended  balance  in  state  treasury,  July  1,  1902 


3,372  28 

$7,709  09 
10,283  43 


$17,992  52 


26 


WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 


Chapteu  155,  Laws  of  1901 

Receipts 

Unexpended  balance,   Dec.   1,  1901  .  .       $2,491  96 

State  appropriation  for  calendar  year,  1902     .         5.000  00 


$7,491  96 


Disbursements. 


Books  and  periodicals 
Maps  and  MSS. 
Pictures 


$2,900  19 
10  25 

89  25 


Unexpended  balance  in  state  treasury,  July  1,  1902 


$2,999  69 
4,492  27 

$7,491  96 


The  fiscal  report  of  the  secretary  and  sHperiiiteiKleiit  i>'ives 
the  details  of  the  foregoiiiii,-  expenditures,  which  have  heeii 
audited  and  allowed  hv  the  secretary  of  state. 

Maintenance  of  Buildine 

Following  is  a  statement  of  the  cost  of  maintaining  the 
library  building  during  the  twelve  months  ending  September 
30,  1902 — tlie  second  year  of  our  occupancy: 


Disbursed  by  the  Society: 
Services 
Supplies 

Light  and  power 
Telephones 
Equipment 
Repairs 


Bills  from  state  university  regents,  for  the  bu 
of  power  house  expenses 

Total   expense   of  maintenance 


One-half  thereof  chargeable  to  each  institution 
University  bills  .... 


$3,495  35 

242  02 

1,181  50 

85  50 

21  80 

116  38 

$5,142  55 

Iding's  share 

3,922  80 

. 

$9,065  35 

on 

$4,532  68 

3,922  80 

Reimbursed  to  society,  by  university 


$609  88 


REPORT  OF  EXECUTIVE  COMMITTEE 


27 


In  order  to  avoid  undue  complications  of  accounts,  this  reim- 
bursement was,  as  received,  transferred  to  the  general-fund  bal- 
ance in  the  hands  of  the  society's  treasurer.  The  report  of  the 
treasurer  gives  the  condition  of  this  balance  upon  July  1  last; 
disbursements  therefrom  have  been  approved  by  tlie  society's 
auditing  committee. 

The  total  cost  of  maintaining  the  building  during  the  first 
year  of  occupancy  was  $9,095.02,  which  was  $29.67  less  than 
that  incurred  during  the  second  year — notwithstanding  the  fact 
that  during  the  first  twelve  months  there  were  no  charges  for 
eitlier  equipment  or  repairs.  The  cost  of  lighting  will  probably 
increase  during  years  to  come,  and  repairs  and  equipment  will 
necessarily  be  growing  items  of  expeiLse;  nevertheless,  it  is  fair 
to  assume  that  during  the  next  few  years  the  building  may  ba 
maintained  upon  the  present  liigh  standard  of  efficiency  and 
cleanlineSvS  for  about  $10,000  per  year.  Of  course  this  is  exclu- 
sive of  the  administration  of  the  society  proper — for  by  "expan- 
ses of  maintenance"  Ave  refer  only  to  the  cost  of  conducting  the 
building  itself:  wages  of  and  sujjplies  for  care-takere,  light, 
power,  telephones,  ecpiijunent,  and  repairs.  One-half  of  this 
is  reimbursed  to  us  by  the  university,  after  deducting  the  cost 
of  furnishing  the  building  with  steam.  Commencing  with 
the  first  of  the  present  month  (December,  1902),  the  university 
will  also  supply  the  building  with  electricity,  under  its  new  con- 
tract with  the  Madison  Gas  and  Electric  Co.,  which  will  prob- 
ably effect  a  saving  in  this  item. 

The  Bindins  Fund 

Tliis  fund,  consisting  upon  the  first  of  last  July  of  $27,802.60 
in  cash  and  securities,  is  the  product  of  special  gifts,  one-half  of 
the  membership  dues  and  receipts  from  the  sale  of  duplicates, 
and  the  interest  on  loans.  There  was  a  decrease  during  tlie 
seven  months  covered  by  the  treasurer's  report,  of  $2,275.78. 
This  was  occasioned  by  the  fact  that  the  Draper  homestead  had 
heretofore  l^een  carried  as  a  ])art  of  the  assets  of  this  fund ;  but 
that  proix^riy  having  been  sold  within  the  year,  the  net  pro- 
ceeds were  transferred  to  the  Draper  fund,  which  had  not  been 
created  when  the  binding  fund  first  took  chai"^  of  the  home- 


28  WISCONSIN   HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 

stead.     Tlio  binding  fund  continues  to  do  admirable  work  in 
eking  ont  the  bounty  of  the  state. 

The  Antiquarian  Fund 

This  is  the  product  of  interest  on  loans,  one-half  of  the  mem- 
bership dues  and  receipts  from  the  sale  of  duplicates,  and  spe- 
cial gifts.  The  treasurer's  i*eport  for  July  first  shows  that  it 
then  consisted  of  $4,873.56,  a  net  gain  during  tlie  seven  months 
of  $223.13.  The  income  of  this  fund,  when  it  assumes  larger 
proportions,  is  to  be  expended  in  "prosecuting  historical  inves- 
tigations, and  procuring  desirable  objects  of  historic  or  ethno- 
logical interest"  for  tlie  museum. 

Gifts  to  this  fund  are  greatly  needed.  Tt  is  to  be  hoped  that 
public-spirited  philanthropists  may  recognize  its  worthiness, 
and  by  this  or  like  means  properly  endo^v  the  museum,  which 
appeals  to  so  large  a  constituency  of  our  fellow  citizens.  Later 
in  the  year  than  the  date  of  the  treasurer's  report,  a  very  ac- 
ceptable cash  gift  of  $200  was  made  to  the  fund  by  Vice  Presi- 
dent Sutherland,  who  has  always  taken  a  keien  interest  in  the 
work  of  the  society,  especially  upon  the  side  of  the  museum. 

The  Draper  Fund 

From  the  treasurer's  report,  it  will  he,  seen  that  there  was  in 
this  fund  upon  July  first,  the  sum  of  $0,048.73,  chiefly  the  re- 
sult of  the  sale  of  the  D'i"'a])er  homestead.  Since  the  date  of  the 
report,  about  $1,800  worth  of  duplicates  have  l>een  sold  from 
Dr.  Draper's  library,  which  was  also  bequeathed  to  the  Society ; 
it  is  probable  that  this  source  will  soon  yield  $2,000  more. 
Xone  of  the  income  of  the  fund  has  been  expended  within  the 
year,  as  it  was  not  until  recently  that  the  work  of  calendaring 
the  Draper  manuscripts — for  which  this  fund  is  chiefly  de- 
signed— was  iH^'un  in  our  library ;  we  have  elsewhere  alluded 
to  this  work. 

The  Mary  M.  Adams  Art  Fund 

At  the  annual  meeting  for  1901  there  was  established  by  your 
committee  the  "Mary  M.  Adams  Art  Fund,"  the  result  of  the 
gift  to  the  society  by  IVTrs.  Oharlos  Kendall  Adams,  of  her  per- 
sonal jewels.     The  sale  of  these  netted  us  $3,850,  to  which  Mrs. 


REPORT  OF  EXECUTIVE  COMMITTEE 


29 


Adams  added  a  cash  gift  wliicli  swelled  the  fund  to  slightly  over 
$4,000.  Upon  the  first  of  last  July  the  fund  contained 
$4,114.80.  Mrs.  Adams  has  kindly  promised  to  add  to  this 
amount  as  opportunity  offers.  The  interest  accruing  from  the 
fund  is  to  he  expended  hy  the  society  for  tlie  purchase  of  art 
books  for  tlie  library  or  objects  of  art  for  the  museum,  as  may 
from  time  to  time  be  thought  desirable.  Owing  to  the  lato  date 
(April  1,  1902)  at  which  the  bulk  of  the  money  was  received, 
no  portion  of  the  income  has  been  expended  within  the  year. 


Library  Accessions 
statistical 

Following  is   a  summary   of   library   accessions   during   the 
twelve  months  ending  November  30,  1902 : 


Books  purchased   (including  exchanges) 
Books  by  gift  .... 


2,420 
3,507 


Total  books 

Pamphlets  by  gift  .  .  .  .  ,  . 
Pamphlets  on  exchange  and  by  purchase 
Pamphlets  made  from  newspaper  clippings 

Total  pamphlets     .         . 

Total  accessions  of  titles 


5,927 


4,133 

399 

51 


4,583 


10,510 


Present  (estimated)   strength  of  the  librai-y: 


Books      

. 

120,499 

Pamphlets       .... 

.          .          •          .          . 

116,957 

Total     .... 

237,456 

The  year's  book  accessions 

are  classified  as  folhnvs : 

Cyclopaedias      .... 

27 

Newspapers  and  periodicals 

733 

Philosophy  and  religion 

466 

Biography  and  genealogy 

342 

History — general 

41 

History — foreign 

255 

History — American 

229 

30 


WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 


History— local   (U.  S.)      . 

363 

Geography  and  travel 

336 

Political  and  social  science 

350 

Legislation 

1,720 

Natural   science 

118 

Useful   arts 

132 

British  Patent  Office  Reports 

154 

Fine  arts          .         . 

35 

Language  and  literature 

460 

Bibliography     . 

166 

Total 


5,927 


Tlie  followiiiii'  comparative  statrstios  of  gifts  and  purchases 
are  suggestive: 


Total  accessions  of  titles     ...... 

Percentage  of  gifts,  in  accessions        .         .         .         . 

Percentage  of  purchases  (including  exchanges),  in  ac- 
cessions ........ 

Total  gifts  (including  duplicates,  which  are  not  acces- 
sioned)     ........ 

Books  given         ....... 

Pamphlets  given  ...... 

Percentage  of  gifts  that  were  duplicates     . 

Percentage  of  gifts  that  were  accessions     . 


lUOl         1902 
11,340     10,510 
66  73 


34 


27 


11,562  10,764 

3,836  4,449 

7,726  6,315 

36  28 

64  72 


With  the  exception  of  1001,  our  accessions  for  1902  have 
been  the  most  numerous  in  the  history  of  the  library.  Follow- 
ing are  the  accessions  for  the  past  teu  years :  1892,  G,278  titles ; 
1893,  7,570;  1894,  7,273;  1895,  6,975;  1890,  9,002;  1897, 
8,6G3;  1898,  6,9(50;  1899,  7,727;  1900,  8,983;  1901,  11,340. 
The  Adams  gift,  of  694  books,  largely  accounted  for  tlie  in- 
crease of  last  year  over  the  ])resenl.  An  examination  of  the 
above  table  of  com])arative  statistics  will  show,  however,  that 
there  was  a  considerable  diminution  in  the  numlx^r  of  pur- 
cliases;  this  was  chiefly  occasioned  by  the  increase  in  the  prices 
of  new  books  (from  25  to  35  per  cent)  under  the  agreement  of 
the  American  Publishers'  Association,  which  went  into  effect 
May  1,  1901.  Strong  efforts  are  Ix^ing  made  by  the  American 
Library  Association  to  obtain  for  public  libraries  a  larger  dis- 
count than  the  ten  per  cent  stipulated  in  that  agi*eement;  but 


REPORT  OF  EXECUTIVE  COMMITTEE 


31 


owing  to  the  active  opposition  of  the  American  Booksellers' 
Association,  wliicli  the  jMiblishers  do  not  care  to  offend,  the  pros- 
pects of  better  terms  for  libraries  ai'e  not  encouraging. 

Important  Acc:ssiors 

Following  are  a  few  of  the  most  important  books  received 
(hiring  tlie  year: 

Boulton,  W.  B.     Amusements  of  old  London.     London,  1901,  2  vols. 

Bristol  and  Gloucestershire  archaeological  society  transactions,  1883- 
99,  15  vols. 

British  Museum  Library,  catalogue  of  printed  books,  1881-1901,  82  vols. 

Cambridge  University,  college  histories.     London,  1899-1902,  9  vols. 

Codex  Nuttall — facsimile  of  an  ancient  Mexican  codex.  Cambridge, 
1902. 

Doughty,  A.,  and  Parmelee,  G.  W.  Siege  of  Quebec  and  Battle  of  the 
Plains  of  Abraham.     Quebec,  1901,  6  vols. 

Field,  E.,  (ed.)  State  of  Rhode  Island  and  Providence  Plantation  at 
the  end  of  the  century:  a  history.     Boston,  1902,  3  vols. 

Great  Britain — Deputy  keeper  of  public  records,  reports,  London,  1840- 
78;  house  of  commons  reports,  accounts,  and  miscellaneous  papers, 
1898-1900,  120  vols;  house  of  lords  sessional  papers  and  miscella- 
neous publications,  1898-1900,  34  vols;  parliamentary  debates,  1901, 
6  vols;  patent  office  specifications,  1901,  103  vols. 

Lanteires,  J.  Bibliotheque  de  pere  de  famille.  -Lausanne,  1795-6,  10 
vols,  in  5. 

Oxford  University,  college  histories,  London,  1898-1902,  18  vols. 

Pennsylvania  archives,  series  2  and  3,  1894-99,  37  vols. 

Victoria  history  of  counties  of  England,  ed.  by  H.  A.  Doubleday.  West- 
minster, 1900,  7  vols,  (includes  first  installment  of  Hertford,  Sur- 
rey, Cumberland,  Worcester,  Norfolk,  Hampshire,  and  Northamp- 
ton). 

William  Salt  archaeological  society  (Birmingham),  collections  for  a 
history  of  Staffordshire.     1880-1901,  22  vols. 

Wilson,  W.     History  of  (the  American  people.     N.  Y.,  1902,  5  vols. 

Following  are  a  few  of  the  most  important  periodicals  and 
newspaper  files  added  during  the  year : 

Boston  Gazette  and  Country  Journal,  1772-1773. 
Christian  Remembrancer  (London),  1819-1844,  26  vols. 
Illustrated  American  (N.  Y.),  1890-1894,  8  vols. 
Journal  de  Quebec,  1851-1889,  36  vols. 

Journal  of  Sacred  Literature  and  Biblical  Record    (London),  1848- 
1867,  38  vols. 


32  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 

La  Revue  Canadienne   (Montreal),  1864-1892,  28  vols. 

La  Patrie  (Montreal),  1882-1885,  7  vols. 

L'Electeur  (Quebec),  1880-1895,  24  vols. 

London  Evening  Post,  1745-1747,  3  vols. 

Progr^s  du  Saguenay  (Chicoutiml,  P.  Q.)   1889-1897,  4  vols. 

Saturday  Review  (London),  1884-1900,  19  vols. 

The  Library 

'  A  Union  of  Interests 

We  take  great  pleasure,  at  the  close  of  twenty-six  months 
within  tlie  new  building,  in  being  able  to  state  that  the  experi- 
ment of  placing  two  distinct  libraries  under  the  same  roof  has, 
from  ever)^  point  of  view,  proved  a  marked  success.  Through 
this  fraternal  arrangement,  the  old-time  friendship  between  the 
state  university  and  the  society  has  been  deepened  and  strengtli- 
(!ned,  and,  under  the  carefully-guarded  agreemient  between  us. 
the  respective  staffs  of  the  two  libraries  maintain  relations  of 
the  most  cordial  character;  the  saving  in  cost  of  administration 
is  considerable;  by  strict  differentiation  in  the  purchase  of 
books,  thus  avoiding  unnecessary  duplication,  the  money  of  the 
state  is  more  effectually  expended;  and  in  many  ways  the  pub- 
lic is  much  better  served  than  ever  before. 

It  is  worthy  of  record,  that  since  this  arrangement  between 
our  two  libraries  was  inaugiirated,  great  interest  has  been  mani- 
fested therein  by  other  universities  and  historical  societies  that 
are  in  ck>se  neighborhood.  Our  example  lias  been  imitated  iri 
several  Western  states,  and  others  are  inquiring  closely  into  the 
results  achieved  in  Wisconsin,  with  a  view  to  themselves  intro- 
ducing the  plan.  There  is  now  a  strong  tendency  in  most  of 
the  Western  commonwealths  to  bring  state  universities  and 
state  historical  societies  into  more  fraternal  relations,  not  only 
in  regard  tx)  their  respective  libraries,  but  also  in  respect  to  the 
general  interest  of  historical  study  and  publication.  If  wisely 
ordered,  the  results  must  be  of  great  practical  benefit  to  both 
classes  of  institutions. 

Legislative  Reference  Library 

By  chapter  168,  laws  of  1901,  the  legislature  added  several 
sections  to  the  statutes  of  1898,  bearing  upon  the  work  of  the 


REPORT  OF  EXECUTIVE  COMMITTEE 


33 


Wisconsin  free  library  commission.     One  of  these  (sec.  373  f ) 
has  reference  to  this  society,  as  follows: 

The  said  commission  is  also  hereby  authorized  and  directed  to  co- 
operate, during  sessions  of  the  legislature,  with  the  secretary  and 
superintendent  of  the  state  historical  society  of  Wisconsin,  as  trustee 
of  the  state,  with  a  view  to  a  joint  arrangement  by  which  the  needs 
of  the  legislature  in  the  matter  of  general  books  of  reference  may  be 
met  to  the  fullest  possible  extent;  and  said  commission  shall  give 
space  within  its  rooms  to  books  brought  to  the  capitol  by  said  society 
for  such  purpose,  as  may  be  jointly  agreed  upon  between  them. 

This  contemplates  the  establishment  by  us  of  a  small  branch 
reference  libriU'v  at  the  library  commission's  rooms  in  the  cap- 
itol, during  sessions  of  the  legislature,  with  telephonic  connec- 
tion with  the  central  library.  No  doubt  this  arrangement  will 
prove,  during  the  present  winter,  mutually  advantageous  to  tho 
leg-islature  and  to  the  society ;  and  may  lead  to  the  establishment 
by  us,  in  the  capitol,  of  a  permanent  reference  branch  for  state 
officei's  and  legislators. 

Transfer  of  the  Ely  Collection 

In  1895,  Dr.  Richard  T.  Ely,  of  tlie  state  university,  de- 
posited in  the  society's  library  a  large  collection,  bound  and 
unbound,  of  journals  devoted  to  socialism  and  the  labor  move- 
ment in  America ;  at  the  same  time  he  either  caused  to  be  sent, 
or  himself  brought  to  the  library,  the  continuations  of  these  and 
other  journals  of  like  character.  The  undei-stauding  with  Dr. 
Kly  was,  that  in  case  he  desired  at  any  time  to  withdraw  this 
deposit,  he  was  at  liberty  to  do  so,  provided  he  reimbui*sed  the 
society  for  such  expenses  as  had  been  incurred  by  the  latter  in 
the  matter  of  binding,  filling  gaps  in  files,  and  general  custody 
of  the  Ely  collection. 

In  October  of  the  present  year,  Dr.  Ely  served  notice  upon 
the  secretary  that  he  wished  to  withdraw  the  collection,  for  sale 
to  the  John  Crerar  Libraiy,  in  Chicago.  Dr.  Ely  had  been 
led  to  this  decision  by  consideration  of  the  fact  that  Chicago  is 
a  great  industrial  center  whither  it  is  natural  that  students  of 
social  and  labor  problems  should  i*esort;  and  that  the  John 
Crerar  Libraiy  had  recently,  in  the  scheme  of  diiferentiation 
which  now  exists  between  Chicago  libraries,  concluded  to  ex- 


34 


V/ISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 


j)end  considerable  siiiiis  of  money  in  the  accumulation  of  books 
and  joimals  devoted  to  the  labor  miovementj,  thereby  mjaking  a 
collection  of  <?oui'se  unapproachable  by  our  own  library.  It 
having  ])eon  decided  by  the  secretary  that  the  society  would  bo 
amj)ly  reimbursed  u[)on  payment  of  $1,000,  which  would  in- 
clude the  cost  of  cases  for  shipment.  Dr.  Ely  generously  offere<l 
to  increase  this  sum  to  $2,500,  a  virtual  gift  to  the  society  of 
$000  in  cash.  At  the  same  time  he  presented  to  the  society  out- 
right an  important  collection  of  newspaj^rs  and  public  docu- 
ments of  Australasia,  some  of  them  reaching  back  for  a  period 
of  ten  years ;  he  has  also  agn^eed  to  send  to  our  library  the  con- 
tinuations of  these,  as  they  arrive. 

The  Ely  newspaper  collection  was  shipped  to  Chicago  in'  No- 
vember, and  Dr.  Ely's  check  for  $2,500  has  been  deposited  with 
the  treasurer  of  the  society.  It  is  our  intention  to  expend  this 
:?.um  in  general  new8pai>er  files  of  tlie  Western  states,  wdiich 
will  interest  a  far  larger  number  of  those  who  use  our  library 
than  has  the  highly-specialized  labor  collectiooi  now  transferred 
to  the  industrial  centre  of  Chicago.  The  committee  desire,  in 
this  connection,  to  express  their  cordial  appreciation  of  the  gen- 
erous treatment  accorded  to  the  library  by  Dr.  Ely,  who  has  on 
this,. and  many  other  occasions,  shown  himself  to  be  a  true 
friend  of  the  institution. 

Duplicates  and  Exchanges 

Our  duplicate  department  has  always  Ix^en  an  imjwrtant  fea- 
ture of  our  libraiy.  In  an  institution  receiving  large  gifts  of 
books  and  pamphlets,  a  considerable  j^ercentage  of  these  must 
inevitably  duplicate  what  are  already  upon  the  shelves.  For 
several  3'ears  past  we  have  conducted  an  active  exchange  of  du- 
])licates  with  other  largo  libraries.  Xearly  all  duplicates  are 
now  listed  upon  cards,  which  are  sent  to  corresponding  libra- 
ries, they  favoring  us  with  like  cards  of  their  duplicate  stock. 
In  this  way,  selections  are  mutually  made,  and  books  and  pam- 
phlets which  are  not  needed  in  one  library  find  somewhere  in 
the  country  a  welcome  Imven.  The  work  has  been  somcAvhat 
hampered  during  the  past  six  months,  owing  to  the  resignation 
of  our  exchange  clerk,  whose  place  we  have  not  yet  been  able 
satisfactorily  to  fill. 


REPORT  OP  EXECUTIVE  COMMITTEE 


35 


A  largo  portion  of  tlie  private  libraiy  of  Dr.  Drai)er,  to  which 
the  society  fell  heir,  proved  to  be  duplicates  of  what  our  library 
already  jxissessed.  The  work  of  listing  tliis  valuable  collection 
of  duplicates  was  one  which  we  were  not  in  ix)sition  to  undei'-. 
take  until  after  removal  to  the  new  building.  It  was  finally 
accomplished,  however,  and  in  October  the  secretary  sent 
out  to  a  few  large  librarias  and  jobbers  a  typewritten  catalogue 
of  such  of  the  duplicates  as  it  was  deemed  best  to  sell.  A  largo 
})ortion  of  these  have  already  been  disposed  of  at  satisfactoiy 
prices,  aggregating  the  sum  of  about  $1,800 ;  bills  for  much  of 
this  are  still  awaiting  p/ayment  through  official  channels,  so 
tliat  it  will  probably  be  after  Xevv  Year's  before  the  entire  re- 
ceipts can  be  turned  over  to  the  treasurer,  to  the  ci*edit  of  the 
Draper  fund. 

Binding: 

There  have  been  bound  within  the  year  1,00G  volumes  of 
Iwoks  and  periodicals,  and  318  volumes  of  newspapei's — a  total 
of  2,314.  Besides  these,  1!)T  maps  have  been  mounted  uix>n 
linen.  The  preparation  of  all  these  articles  for  tlie  bindery  has 
in  itself  been  a  work  of  considerable  proportions. 

Catalo£;ue  Division 

In  moving  to  the  new  building,  we  installed  in  our  catalogue 
room  the  card  catalogue  of  the  library,  which  was  in  two  divi- 
sions— authors,  and  subjects  and  titles.  It  was  our  intention 
to  duplicate  these  cards  for  the  public  catalogue  in  the  delivery 
room,  and  place  them  therein  as  rapidly  as  possible.  We  had 
made  good  progress  in  copying  the  author  section ;  but  by  last 
spring  it  was  found  that  the  task  as  a  whole  was  necessarily 
great  and  would  consume  much  time,  and  meanwhile  the  pub- 
lic were  not  obtaining  that  aid  from  the  catalogue  to  which  they 
were  entitled.  We  therefore  decided  to  remove  the  official  cata- 
logue to  the  public-catalogue  cases,  throwing  it  into  a  one- 
alphabet  dictionary  arrangement;  and,  while  continuing  the 
v\^ork  of  copying,  to  keep  the  duplicates  in  tlie  catalogue  room. 
By  tliis  reversal  of  policy,  the  public  has  been  gi-eatly  accom- 
modated— although  at  some  inconvenience  to  the  cataloguing 
staff,  whose  members  have  now  to  resort  to  the  deliverv  room 


36  WISCONSIN   HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 

when  consulting  the  cards.  This  inconvenience  is,  however, 
felt  by  but  a  few  persons,  while  the  great  body  of  readers  have 
been  correspondingly  benefited ;  indeed,  the  use  of  the  catalogue 
is  now  nearly  ten  times  as  great  as  it  had  previously  been. 

The  library  has  been  fortunate  in  secniring  the  deposit  of  a 
full  set  of  the  printed  catalogue  cards  as  issued,  of  the  Library 
of  Congress  at  Washington.  These  cards  are  now  placed  in  li- 
braries at  twenty  different  centres  of  study  throughout  tlie 
United  States.  By  means  of  this  catalogue,  students  and  in- 
vestigators can  ascertain  whether  certain  works  are  in  the  Li- 
brary of  CongTCss  without  making  a  trip  to  Washington  or  sub- 
mitting lists  of  books ;  and  certain  classes  of  books  can  be  bor- 
rowed from  the  great  national  library  for  the  benefit  of  our 
readers.  The  catalogue  has  been  given  ample  space  within  ouB 
catalogiie  room,  is  alphabetically  arranged,  and  is  accessible  to 
the  public.  We  consider  it  an  important  addition  to  our  biblio- 
graphical sources,  amply  justifying  the  considerable  labor  re- 
quired in  its  maintenance. 

Another  important  accession  to  our  catalogue  during  the  year, 
has  been  the  acquisition  by  purchase  of  full  sets  of  the  printed 
catalogue  cards  issued  by  the  publishing  section  of  the  Ameri- 
can Library  Association.  These  consist  chiefly  of  analyses  of 
important  transactions  and  other  publications  of  learned  so- 
cieties, bureaus,  and  universities,  such  as  the  publications  of  tlie 
United  States  Geological  Survey,  American  Bureau  of  Eth- 
nology, Bureau  of  Education,  National  Museum,  Smithsonian 
Institution,  Johns  Hopkins  University,  Columbia  University, 
American  Association  for  the  Advancement  of  Science,  Ameri- 
can Historical  Association,  American  Economic  Association, 
American  Academy  of  Political  and  Social  Science,  and  Massa- 
chusetts Historical  Society;  the  Old  South  Leaflets;  special 
consular  reports ;  and  several  special  works  of  historical  impor- 
tance. 

Special  card  catalogues  of  the  maps  and  portraits  in  the  «<•- 
ciety's  possession  are  now  in  course  of  preparation,  and  a  dupli- 
cate catalogue  of  public  documents  for  the  special  use  of  thar 
division  is  contemplated.  Beference  is  made  elsewhere,  to  our 
card  catalogues  of  engi'avings  and  original  materials  for  book- 
illustration. 


REPORT  OF  EXECUTIVE  COMMITTEE 


37 


The  work  of  re-classifying,  recatalogiiing,  and  placing  within 
now  pamphlet  cases,  our  large  pamphlet  collection,  has  engaged 
the  attention  of  one  or  more  of  the  catalogue  force  since  early 
summer,  but  is  now  practically  finished. 

Manuscripts 

Calendar  of  William  Clark  Papers  i 

The  importance  of  having  some  form  of  index  to  the  valuable 
Draper  manuscript  collection  in  the  society's  possession,  has 
long  been  recognized  by  historical  scholars,  and  the  constant  de- 
mands made  upon  the  library  for  such  information  as  may  be 
found  therein  has  seemed  to  render  this  imperative.  Despite 
the  fact  that  the  Draper  fund,  established  for  this  purpose,  is 
not  large  enough  to  sustain  the  burden,  we  have  concluded  to 
make  a  beginning  in  the  long-contemplated  project  of  an  an- 
notated calendar  of  the  manuscripts.  The  great  expense  of  pub- 
lishing the  collection  entire,  and  the  miscellaneous  character  of 
much  t>f  the  material,  makes  this  the  most  practicable  means  of 
rendering  the  collection  available  for  the  useof  students. 

It  has  been  decided  to  begin  the  work  with  the  papers  of  Will- 
iam Clark,  partly  because  of  his  prominence  in  the  thought  of 
America  today,  as  the  centennial  draws  near  of  his  great  ex- 
ploring expedition  in  connection  with  Mieriwether  Lewis  across 
the  continent,  so  soon  to  be  celebrated  in  connection  with  the  St. 
Louis  and  Portland  expositions ;  partly  because  the  papers, 
chiefly  originals,  bound  together  in  a  single  series,  presented 
fewer  problems  as  to  the  form  and  manner  of  indexing,  and 
thus  furnished  a  step  toward  the  greater  complexity  of  the  larger 
series. 

The  "William  Clark  Papers,"  so  called,  are  bound  in  six 
volumes  desig'nated  by  the  letter  M.  It  was  soon  discovered, 
in  the  progress  of  the  work,  that  there  were  two  William' 
Clarks  of  prominence  in  the  early  history  of  Kentucky  and 
Indiana,  and  that  the  papers  of  both  had  lieen  indiscrimi- 
nately mingled  together.     This  was  all  the  more  natural,  be^- 


1  This  report  upon  the  calendar  was  prepared  for  the  report  by  Ixmise 
Phelps  Kellogg,  Ph.  D.,  of  our  library  staff,  who  is  engaged  upon  the 
work  here  described. — Sec. 


38  ^VIscoNSIN  historical  society 

cause  tliG  siciiatures  of  the  two  are  so  similar  that  it 
would  require  an  expert  to  discover  the  difference  l^tween 
them.  The  elder  and  less  known  of  the  two  was  Lieut.  William 
Clark,  cousin  of  Gen.  George  Rogers  Clark, — son  of  his  only 
paternal  uncle  Benjamin  Clark  of  Lunenberg,  Caroline  county, 
Virginia, — who  joine<l  the  oxjjcdition  against  the  Illinois  coun- 
try, and  was  one  of  the  most  trusted  officers  of  the  Illinois  regi- 
ment He  must  have  l^een  quite  young  at  the  time  of  the  cam- 
paign ;  but  in  the  later  period  of  the  war  was  entrusted  wdth 
various  imixcrtant  commissions,  and  was  on  terms  of  intimacy 
and  good  fellowship  with  nearly  all  the  officers  of  the  regiment. 
When  Fort  elefferson  wa.s  built  in  1780,  near  the  mouth  of  the 
Ohio,  Lieut.  William  Clark  was  sent  with  a  convoy  from  Kas- 
kaskia  to  provision  it,  and  late  in  the  next  year  he  removed  to 
the  Falls  of  Ohio,  where  T^uisville  now  stands.  He  was  hero 
employed  in  garrison  duty  and  in  ]>rotocting  the  new  settlement 
against  its  Indian  foes.  So  valuable  were  his  services,  that  on 
the  reduction  of  the  regiment  in  February,  1783,  he  was  one 
of  three  officers  retained  in  the  service;  and  was  only  finally 
mustered  out  by  the  order  of  the  governor  in  1784. 

About  this  time  a  large  tract  of  land  (150,000  acres)  Avas  as- 
signed to  the  Illinois  regiment  in  return  for  its  services,  and 
laid  off  on  the  Indiana  side  of  the  Ohio  river,  op^wsite  Louis- 
ville. Lieut.  William  Clark  was  ai)pointed  one  of  the  commis- 
sioners for  allotting  the  land,  also  principal  sui-veyor  of  the 
gi-ant.  From  that  time  until  his  death  in  1791,  he  was  chiefly 
occupied  in  the  business  of  this  office.  Clark  was  a  man  of  good 
habits,  kind  heart.,  courage,  and  resource,  and  was  popidar  and 
successful  among  the  early  inhabitants  of  that  country.  He 
was  on  es})ecially  intimate  terms  with  his  more  illustrious 
cousins,  aud  it  is  to  be  conjectured  that  he  was  particularly  ad- 
mired by  his  young  cousin  William  Clark  just  then  growing 
into  manhood.  He  never  man-ied,  and  at  his  untimely  death 
left  a  considerable  landed  property  to  his  brothers  and  sister, 
most  of  whom  had  not  yet  removed  from  Virginia.  Tlie  series 
of  his  papers  ends  wath  his  will. 

The  letters  and  papers  of  Lieut.  William  Clark  are  valuable 
in  showing  the  conditions  of  Western  settlements  during  the 


REPORT  OF  EXECUTIVE  COMMITTEE  39 

important  period  between  the  close  of  the  "Revohition  and  the 
admission  of  Kentucky  to  statehood.  Thev  abound  in  alhisiona 
to  the  Mississippi  traffic,  the  intrigues  of  the  Spaniards,  the 
sentiments  and  prejudices  of  the  Western  people,  and  the  pro- 
gress of  the  settlement. 

The  more  famous  William  Clark,  general,  explorer,  Indian 
agent,  and  governor  of  Missouri  territory,  was  but  a  boy  when 
his  elder  brother  began  his  illustrious  career  in  the  back  settle- 
ments, having  been  born  in  IT  TO.  He  removed  with  his  father's 
family  to  Kentucky  in  1T84,  and  lived  upon  the  family  estate. 
Mulberry  Hill,  on  Beargrass  creek,  near  Louisville.  But  little 
has  hitherto  been  known  of  his  history  before  he  emerges  as  one 
of  the  leaders  of  the  great  exploring  expedition  across  the  conti- 
nent. But  the  pa])eTS  in  the  Draper  manuscripts  throw  much 
light  on  his  early  surroundings  and  training,  and  show  the  ade- 
quate preparation  he  received  for  his  future  work.  His  father's 
and  brother's  home  was  the  centre  of  hospitality  and  sociability 
for  all  the  region  round  about.  It  was  not  only  frequented  by 
the  sturdy  ]:>ioneers  of  the  Kentucky  movement,  with  their  tales 
of  Indian  warfare,  and  other  |X'rils  and  hardships  of  the  early 
settlements ;  but  the  second  generation  of  Kentucky  emigrants 
also  found  here  a  welcome,  the  gentlemen  and  lawyers  of  tlie 
neAv  settlement,  the  Revolutionary  soldiers  seeking  new  homes 
in  the  growing  West,  men  of  enterprise,  culture,  and  promise, 
permanent  foundere  of  a  new  civilization. 

Among  them  all,  young  "Billy"  was  a  marked  favorite. 
"Your  brother  William,"  writes  one^  in  1T91,  "is  gone  out  as  a 
cadet  with  Gen'-  Scott  on  the  Expedition.  He  is  a  youth  of 
solid  and  promising  part.s,  and  as  brave  as  Caesar."  His  four 
Years'  service  in  the  Western  army,  concluded  bj  acting  as  offi- 
cer in  Gen.  Wayne's  campaign,  and  taking  part  in  the  battle  of 
Falling  Timlx^rs,  not  only  gave  him  an  acquaintance  with  mili- 
tary discipline,  the  courage  and  resource  needed  to  deal  with 
savage  foes,  but  put  him  in  touch  with  the  prominent  men  of 
his  time,  and  gave  him  a  knowledge  of  men  and  how  to  handle 
them,  that  was  of  gi-oat  advantage  to  him  thereafter.     Twice  he 

iDr.  James  O'Fallon  to  Col..  Jonathan  Clark,  Caroline  county,  Vir- 
ginia, May  30,  1791.— Draper  MSS.,  2  L  28. 


40 


WISCONSIN   HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 


was  entrusted  by  Gen.  Wayne  with  important  commissions  to 
the  Spaniards,  an  account  of  which  is  to  be  found  in  the  Span- 
ish papers  of  the  Draper  manuscripts.  It  is  said  that  no  officea: 
impressed  the  Spaniards  with  a  more  wholesome  respect  than 
young  Lieut.  William  Clark. 

After  his  resignation  from  the  army  in  1Y96,  he  lived  quietly 
at  homo  with  his  famiily,  chiefly  occupied  in  attempting  to  ad- 
just the  tangled  affairs  of  his  brother,  George  Rogers  Clark,  in 
whose  behalf  he  made  several  journeys  to  Virg-inia,  Vincennes, 
etc.,  in  the  attempt  to  settle  the  suits  entered  against  the  latter 
for  supplies  for  his  Illinois  campaigns.  He  not  only  gave  his 
time  and  effort  to  accomplish  this,  but  sacrificed  for  the  pur- 
pose of  settlement  the  small  estate  he  had  himself  accumulated. 

Among  his  papers  are  to  be  found  letters  written  to  his  fam- 
ily during  his  trans-continental  expedition,  throwing  interest- 
ing side-lights  upon  it;  and  later  letters  and  papers  concerning 
Indian  affairs  in  the  war  of  1812-15  and  the  period  following 

Search  is  being  conducted  not  only  among  the  documents 
technically  known  in  our  library  as  the  William  Clark  Papers, 
but  among  others  of  the  series  for  letters  bearing  upon  his  entire 
career,  that  the  calendar  may  have  consistency  and  complete- 
ness. '  , 

The  Phillipps  Manuscripts  i 

The  society  has  recently  acquired  by  purchase  seventy  folio 
volumes  of  manuscripts,  bearing  on  economic,  local,  and  family 
history  of  the  western  part  of  England  in  the  latter  part  of  the 
eighteenth  century  and  the  first  half  of  the  nineteenth.  They 
will  be  known  in  our  library  as  the  Phillipps  Manuscripts,  and 
constitute  a  valuable  addition  to  the  large  and  growing  manu- 
script sources  in  the  society's  possession. 

The  collector  of  these  manuscripts  was  Sir  Thomas  Phil- 
lipps, a  prince  among  the  book-lovers  of  the  nineteenth  cen- 
tury. He  was  one  of  the  men  whose  interest  in  the  records  of 
the  past  started  the  movement  which  has  made  our  time  one  of 
ereat  archives  and  collections.     In  the  wealth  at  his  command. 


iThis  account  of  the  Phillipps  Manuscripts  was  prepared  for  the  re- 
port by  Asa  Currier  Tilton,  Ph.  D.,  instructor  in  European  history  in 
the  state  university,  and  one  of  the  members  of  the  society. — Sec. 


REPORT   OF  EXECUTIVE  COMMITTEE 


41 


and  the  {XTsistence  and  scholarly  appreciation  with  which  he 
pursued  his  self-taken  task,  he  is  certainly  not  smiJassed  and 
hardly  equalled  by  any. 

While  at  school  he  had  such  a  taste  for  buying  and  reading 
books,  that  all  his  pocket  money  was  spent  to  that  end.  At  Ox- 
ford this  passion  increased ;  and  when  his  father's  death,  which 
occurred  about  the  time  of  his  graduation,  placed  him  in  con- 
trol of  a  large  fortune,  he  determined  to  make  it  his  life  work 
to  collect  manuscripts  and  rare  Iwoks.  He  has  left  us  a  state- 
ment of  his  aims  and  methods  in  doing  this : 

In  amassing  my  collection  of  manuscripts,  I  commenced  with  pur- 
chasing everything  that  lay  within  my  reach,  to  which  I  was  instigated 
by  reading  various  accounts  of  the  destruction  of  valuable  manuscripts. 
My  principal  search  has  been  for  historical,  and  particularly  unpub- 
lished manuscripts,  whether  good  or  bad,  and  more  particularly  those 
on  vellum.  My  chief  desire  for  preserving  vellum  manuscripts,  arose 
from  witnessing  the  increasing  destruction  of  them  by  gold-beaters;  my 
search  for  charters  or  deeds,  by  their  destruction  in  the  shops  of  glue- 
makers  and  tailors.  As  I  advanced,  the  ardor  of  the  pursuit  increased, 
until  at  last  I  became  a  perfect  vello-maniac  (if  I  may  coin  a  word), 
and  I  gave  any  price  that  was  asked.  Nor  do  I  regret  it,  for  my  object 
was  not  only  to  secure  good  manuscripts  for  myself,  but  also  to  raise 
the  public  estimation  of  them,  so  that  their  value  might  be  more  gen- 
erally known,  and  consequently  more  manuscripts  preserved.  For  noth- 
ing tends  to  the  preservation  of  anything  so  much  as  making  it  bear 
a  high  price.  The  examples  I  always  kept  in  view,  were  Sir  Robert 
Cotton  and  Sir  Robert  Harley. 

His  interests  thus  extended  to  every  field  where  manuscripts 
were  to  be  obtained.  When  he  wished  part  or  all  of  a  collec- 
tion, nothing  but  an  absolute  refusal  to  sell  could  prevent  him 
from  acquiring  it.  On  se\'eral  occasions  he  outbid  European 
governments  at  sales  of  manuscripts  of  the  greatest  historical 
value.  At  his  death  he  owned  (50,000  manuscripts  and  100,000 
books,  many,  of  which  were  very  rare  and  some  unique. 

But  he  was  not  merely  a  bibliophile.  He  prized  his  collec- 
tions cliiefly  for  the  opportunity  for  investigation  which  tliers^ 
otfered  to  liim  and  to  others.  The  long  list  of  titles  under  his 
name,  in  the  catalogue  of  tlie  British  Museum,  and  his  refusal 
to.  join  a  society  of  bibliophiles  Ixx'ause  they  did  not  publish 
4 


42  WISCONSIN   HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 

things  which  he  considered  of  real  value,  furnish  ample  illus- 
tration of  his  real  scholarly  purpose. 

Naturally  one  of  the  chief  fields  of  his  activity  was  in  Eng- 
lish history.  It  was  here  that  most  of  his  writing  and  editing 
was  done,  and  chiefly  in  local  history  and  genealogy.  The  col- 
lection of  documents  which  the  society  has  just  acquired,  was 
purchased  by  Sir  Thomas  undoubtedly  to  further  his  own  in- 
vestigations. They  are  partly  original  documents,  and  partly 
carefully-written  copies.  An  examination  of  the  documents 
shows  that  a  large  part  of  them  came  from  the  office  of  a  lawyer 
in  Eveshaini,  Worcestershire,  the  shire  which  was  the  seat  of 
the  Phillipps  family. 

So  extensive  a  collection  of  manuscripts  brought  together  by 
a  man  of  such  standing  as  a  collector  and  liistorian,  cannot  fail 
to  be  a  very  valuable  addition  to  the  English  history  section  of 
the  society's  libraiy — a  section  already  so  strong  as  to  rank 
among  the  best  in  the  country.  As  arranged  by  Sir  Thomas, 
tliis  collection  is  arranged  into  three  divisions,  which  will  be  pre- 
served. Tliey  are  entitled:  (1)  Collections  for  Worcester- 
shire,  Oxfordshire,  Gloucestershire,  Derbyshire,  etc.;  (2)  Wor- 
cestershire, Gloucestershire,  etc..  Papers;  (3)  abstracts  of  title, 
Gloucestershire,  Worcestershire,  etc. 

Of  the  three  titles  only  the  last  is  distinctive,  and  oven  here 
many  miscellaneous  documents  are  found.  No  practical  dis- 
tinction can  bo  drawn  between  the  "Collections"  and  "Papers." 
Apparently  they  were  bound  up  according  to  the  system 
in  which  the  law  firm  had  filed  them  for  its  purposes.  Conse- 
quently the  arrangement  is  not  one  which  is  satisfactory  for  his- 
torians— although  it  may  be  so  for  genealogists,  since  each  vol- 
ume is  najnied  from  tlie  family  or  place  with  which  it  is  chiefly 
conceniod.  A  catalogue  of  the  collection  arranged  imder  naiues 
and  subjects,  will  remedy  tliis  defect. 

Ono  difference  between  the  "Collections"  and  the  "Papers" 
is,  that  while  the  latter  consists  more  largely  of  disconnected 
documents,  either  originals  or  copies,  the  former  consists  chiefly 
of  cases  prepared  for  court — with  briefs,  minutes  of  evidence, 
etc.  It  may  be  remarked  here,  that  as  the  copies  of  documents 
which  make'  up  so  large  a  part  of  the  collection  are  for  legal 


REPORT  OF  EXECUTIVE  COMMITTEE 


43 


purposes  and  many  for  nse  in  court,  they  must  be  of  unusual 
accuracy.  Many  of  them,  in  fact,  show  that  they  have  been 
carefully  reviewed  by  a  second  hand.  As  the  information  in  a 
document  is  the  same  to  the  historian  whether  the  document 
stands  alone  or  is  part  of  a  case,  this  distinction  is  of  importance 
only  for  anyone  who  wishes  to  study  an  English  lawyer's 
metliods  in  preparing  and  presenting  a  case. 

A  brief  notice  of  some  of  the  subjects  on  which  this  mass  of 
documents  contains  material,  will  best  illustrate  the  scope  and 
value  of  the  collection;  thorough  analysis  of  the  contents  will 
be  impossible  until  the  catalogue  is  made.  When  that  is  done, 
it  will  im.dcubtedly  bo  found  to  contain  useful  material  in  many 
other  fields.  Those  which  are  mentioned  here,  are  the  ones 
Avhicli  have  been  noticed  in  a  general  survey  of  the  volmnes. 

In  the  first  place  they  furnish  an  insight  into  the  activity  of 
an  English  country  lawyer  of  large  practice,  a  century  ago.  The 
notes  on  cases  show  how  they  were  prepared,  illustrate  in  detail 
the  legal  procedure  of  the  time,  and,  with  the  lawyer's  accounts 
which  are  given  at  considerable  length,  offer  an  unusually  com- 
[)leto  body  of  material. 

Contested  election  cases,  tax  lists,  poor  law  cases,  and  docu- 
ments on  similar  subjects  furnish  material  illustrative  of  local 
iwlitics  and  administration. 

Proceedings  in  bankruptcy,  and  documents  and  minutes  of 
evidence  made  use  of  in  other  cases  in  which  the  firm  was  coun- 
sel, give  many  instructive  facts  regarding  business  conditions 
and  methods  at  the  time. 

Proceedings  in  criminal  cases,  of  which  there  are  a  consider- 
able number,  form  a  body  of  material  which  throws  much  light 
on  social  conditions  and  the  relations  between  social  classes,  as 
\\ell  as  on  the  every-day  life  of  the  conmion  people. 

The  large  amount  of  work  which  English  lawyers  always 
have  had  to  do  in  the  management  of  landed  properties,  and  the 
proportion  of  business  relating  to  real-estate  and  matters  con- 
nected with  its  use,  which  naturally  falls  t<.)  a  lawyer  in  a  rural 
town,  make  the  collection  especially  valuable  for  the  study  of 
economic  and  social  conditions  in  the  open  country. 

The  nnal  movejnent  for  the  enclosure  of  the  open  fields, 


44 


WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 


which  took  place  in  the  period  covered  by  the  collection,  comei 
in  for  considerable  attention.  Several  enclosure  bills,  or  drafts 
of  such  bills  drawn  up  for  presentation  to  parliament,  are 
given ;  also  the  records  of  the  application  of  the  provisions  ot 
tlie  acts  for  some  parishes  appear,  thus  rendering  it  possible 
to  study  in  individual  instances  one  of  th^  great  changes  in  Eng- 
lish agrarian  history. 

Again,  records  of  suits  for  damages  arising  from  trespass, 
cases  of  breach  of  contract  where  land  was  rented,  cases  touch- 
ing the  glebe  lands  and  tithes,  prosecutions  under  the  game  laws, 
sales  of  land — all  these  funiish  further  illustration  of  agricul- 
tural conditions ;  as  do  the  abstracts  of  title,  v/hich  often  go 
back  into  the  seventeenth  century  and  sometimes  into  the  six- 
teenth. 

Genealogists,  also,  will  find  in  this  collection  a  vast  amount  of 
information  on  a  large  number  of  families  in  several  of  the  most 
important  English  counties. 

Looking  at  the  whole  mass  of  documents  from  the  standpoint 
of  a  student  of  economic  and  social  conditions  in  the  England 
of  a  century  ago,  it  can  truly  be  said  that  while  they  do  not  con- 
stitute what  would  be  a  gTeat  collection  in  the  national  archives 
of  England,  they  do  contain  an  abundance  of  material  which 
illustrates  concretely,  and  hence  renders  clearer,  the  general 
facts  found  in  more  comprehensive  printed  sources.  Tliey 
place  at  his  disposal,  in  fact,  the  information  which  a  law  firm 
of  long  standing  and  extensive  practice  would  have  on  the 
actual  conditions  of  the  region  where  its  business  lay.  When 
we  consider  further,  the  jdeasure  and  inspiration  which  comes 
to  the  historian  from  handling  the  written  document  itself,  the 
importance  of  an  acquisition  which  furnishes  so  rare  an  oppor- 
tunity to  American  students  of  English  history,  cannot  be  too 
strongly  emphasized. 

Publications 
Volume  XVI  of  the  Collections 

Within  the  pastmontji,  the  society  has  published  the  sixteenth 
volume  of  the  Wisconsin  Ilisfurical  Colledions,  which  we  believe 
to  be  one  of  the  most  important  of  its  publications.     The  entire 


REPORT  OF  EXECUTIVE  COMMITTEE 


45 


volume  is  devoted  to  a  presentation  of  docnments  bearing  upon 
the  history  of  the  reijion  of  the  upper  Groat  Lakes  during  the 
French  I'eginie,  between  tlie  years  1634  and  1727  inclusive;  in 
volnr.iic  xvii  will  be  given  the  conclusion  of  these  papere,  aim- 
ing down  to  17C3,  the  year  of  the  transfer  of  New  France  to 
Gi^^at  Britain. 

The  long  period  of  the  French  regime  is  the  most  romantic 
chapter  in  the  history  of  Wisconsin.  But  its  details  have  in 
large  measure  Ix^en  inaccessible  save  to  those  historical  special- 
ists who  had  o])portunity  to  work  in  the  archives  of  Iwth  France 
and  Canada.  Unfortunately,  the  contomporary  French  docu- 
ments heretofore  publishe<l  in  our  CoUcctions  have  been  unsat- 
isfactory in  number  and  range.  The  student  of  that  time, 
seeking  thoroughly  to  know  Wisconsin  under  the  domination  of 
France,  has  been  compelled  to  sup[)lenient  the  Collections  with 
investigations  elsewhere- — cliiefly  in  the  old  Jesuit  Relations, 
P'errot's  Menwire,  La  Potherie's  llistoire,  Charlevoix's  7//s- 
toire,  Margi*y's  Decouvertes,  the  N^ew  York  Colonial  Documents, 
and  the  calendar  entries  in  J^rymners  Canadian  Arcliives. 

A  variety  of  reasons  have  conspired  to  prevent  a  fuller  pres- 
entation of  material  in  our  series — chief  of  these  was  the  lack 
of  funds  for  ^searches  in  the  Paris  archives,  and  for  the  trans- 
scription  aiul  translation  of  d(X?uments  when  found.  The  time 
has  now  arrived,  however,  whenthe  society  finds  itself  enabled 
properly  to  pid)lish  the  most  important  documents  concerning 
this  epoch  in  Wisconsin  history.  The  reeent  edition  of  the 
Jesuit  Relations  and  Allied  Documents  has  made  available, 
much  of  it  for  the  fii*st  time,  a  considerable  mass  of  material 
bearing  upon  the  French  regime  in  the  Xorthwest;  and  im- 
portant investigations  have  l)een  conducted  during  recent  years 
in  behalf  of  this  society  and  of  similar  Iwdies,  in  the  govern- 
mental archives  of  Paris.  From  this  store  of  new  material  and 
that  which  has  already  appeared  in  the  several  publications 
above  named,  it  has  at  last  become  possible  to  make  a  reasonably 
full  presentation  of  the  raoet  important  dociunefnts  relating  to 
the  wide  fur  trade  region  of  the  upper  Great  Lakes,  of  which 
what  is  now  Wisconsin  then  formed  an  integral  part.  The  re- 
sult is  so  satisfactory  that  it  is  fortunate  that  an  earlier  publi- 


46  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 

cation  was  not  attenipte<l ;  for  not  nntil  now  lias  such  complete 
treatment  l)een  practicable. 

It  is  hoped  that  the  pnl)lication  of  tliese  doenments  may 
greatly  renew  both  popular  and  scholarly  interest  in  the  period 
when  the  region  of  the  ui)])er  Great  J^akes  was  a  part  of  New 
France.  The  story  here  i-evealed  is  one  jwssessing  groat  inter- 
est to  the  student  of  civilization,  as  well  as  of  Western  history. 

Index  to  Proceedings 

It  has  not  been  the  custom  —  nor  does  it  seem  practicable — 
to  provide  mi  index  to  each  of  the  sm!all  annual  volmines  of 
Proceedings.  These  contain,  however,  a  great  variety  of  infor- 
mation—  statistical,  biographical,  and  historical,  besides  reports 
of  the  society's  i-outine  business.  In  the  administration  of  the 
society  these  records  are  almost  diiily  referred  to,  with  increas- 
ing lalxu'  as  the  volumes  grow  in  number;  while  the  numerous 
historical  papers  now  published  therein,  are  not  as  easily 
consulted  by  historical  students  as  they  should  be.  It  has, 
therefore,  been  decided  to  publish  an  analytical  index  to  the 
Proceedings  up  to  and  including  the  year  1900.  This  is  now 
lx>ing  prepared,  and  will  be  published  during  the  coming  year; 
it  is  proposed  to  publish  a  supplemental  index  every  five  years, 
thus  greatly  adding  to  the  usefulness  of  the  Proceedings. 

The  transactions  of  the  first  twenty-one  annual  meetings  are 
to  be  found  in  full  only  in  the  manuscript  records  of  the  society  ; 
but  the  reports  of  the  executive  connnittee,  presented  tliereto, 
were  included  in  the  Collections  (vols  i-vii).  The  first  sepa- 
rately-printed Proceedings  in  any  form,  is  that  of  the  meeting 
of  January  2,  1875 — a  "separate,"  in  pamphlet  form,  appar- 
ently from  the  type  of  the  Madison  Stade  Journal.  Thereafter, 
all  of  the  Executive  committee's  reports,  without  accompanying 
transactions,  were  published  in  pamphlet  form — but  they 
appeared  irregularly,  for  often  several  such  reports  were  in- 
cluded in  the  same  pamphlet,  and  few  were  printed  in  full,  as 
presented  to  the  society ;  the  type  used  was,  for  the  most  part, 
that  of  the  A'^olume  of  Collections  in  which  these  synopses 
appeared.  Commencing  with  the  meeting  of  January  6,  1887, 
the  society  has  annually  published  its  Proceedings  in  detail,  as  a 


REPORT  Of  executive  COMMITTEE 


47 


separate  publication  apart  from  the  CollecUons,  which  latter 
have,  since  that  time  (commencing  with  vol.  xi),  contained  only 
liistorical  essays  and  material.  Commencing  witli  the  Proceed- 
ings of  the  tliii'ty-fiftli  annual  meeting,  historical  addresses  i^ead 
Ixjfore  the  society  liave  heen  published  with  almost  every  num- 
ber— the  desir(^ being  eventually  to  i*estrict  the  Collections  to  the 
pi-osentation  of  materials  for  histors^,  rather  than  essays  tliereon. 


Materials  for  Illustraticn 


In  tlie  course  of  its  work,  the  society  had  early  accumulated 
a  cousiderable  number  of  daguerreotyj^es,  photographs,  engi-av- 
ings,  lithogi'aphs,  etc.,  of  people,  buildings,  and  scenes,  particu- 
larly in  the  West.  Its  store  was  considerably  augmented  by  the 
accession  of  the  private  library  of  Dr.  Draper,  whose  material 
for  illustration  was  along  the  lines  of  his  manuscript  collection, 
and  embraced  many  items  of  great  rarity.  Since  then,  large 
accessions  have  been  gainetl,  thus  making  our  collection  one  of 
considerable  value  to  ix3rsons  desirous  of  illustrating  articles  or 
works  uix>n  the  West.  \  card  catalogue  of  this  orig-inal  mate- 
rial is  almost  completed,  thus  rendering  it  more  available  to  the 
increasing  numljcr  of  persons  who  seek  our  assistance  in  this 
direction. 


ACollecticncf  Cuts 


The  society  has  also  gradually  accumulated  from  various 
sources  a  large  coll(H?tion  of  engravings  for  bx>k  illustration — 
half-tones,  zinc  etchings,  and  wood-cuts.  Many  of  these  have 
apj^eared  in  the  society's  publications ;  others  in  histories  or 
sketches  of  Madison,  the  state  iiniversity,  etc. ;  and  a  lai'ge  num- 
ber were  acquired  during  the  past  year  by  gift  of  the  Burrows 
-Brothers  Company,  of  Cleveland,  being  the  plates  for  tlie 
nmnerous  illustrations  (maps,  plans,  portraits,  etc)  in  the 
series  of  Jesuit  Relations.  So  constant  is  the  demand  for  loans 
from  this  important  collection,  for  both  magazine  and  news- 
paiier  illustration,  that  a  special  card  catalogue  of  these  cuts 
was  prepared  during  the  past  summer. 

The  loaning  of  cuts  is  attended  with  especial  difficulties,  be- 
cause of  the  proneness  of  borrowers  to  neglect  the  prompt  return 
of  the  same — indeed,  it  is  often  difficult  to  obtain  their  return 


^8  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 

at  any  time,  such  is  tlic  ])r('val('nt  carelessness  in  regard  to  them. 
As  a  means  of  oorreftiiiij,'  tin's  Icwso  hahit,  it  has  boon  found 
ncccssaiy  to  crttablish  an  invariable  nile  r('(|niviii£>;  the  deposit  of 
one  dolhir  for  (acli  cut,  the  same  to  ho  rcimbiirseil  to  the  lM>r- 
I'ower  wIkmi  tlic!  ai  ticU^  is  returned. 

Office  Work 

Professional  Conventions 

An  institution  of  this  character,  that  is  isolated  from  large 
centres  of  ])op\ilation  and  of  professional  activity  in  the  fiehls 
of  historical  research  and  library  development,  needs  to  exert 
considerable  effort  to  keep  in  fairly  constant  touch  witJi 
its  eontem]M)raries  in  other,  and  ]>articularly  the  Eastern  states: 
this,  in  ordei-  that  the  most  jirogressive  ideals  and  methods  of 
our  day  may  here  lie  maintained.  Acting  upon  this  principle, 
the  sccretai'v  has  sought  to  be  present  at  and  take  ])art  in  the 
most  im])ortant  historical  and  library  conventions  of  the  year; 
and  when  not  able  himself  to  attend,  to  assign  tliis  duty  to  others 
of  his  staff. 

During  the  Christmas  holidays  of  11)01,  he  attended  the 
annual  meeting  of  the  American  Historical  Association,  at 
Washington,  ]>.  C.  The  next  meeting  of  this  inqiortant  society, 
which  is  doing  so  much  to  ins])ire  historical  research  through- 
out the  United  States,  will  be  held  two  weeks  honco  at  Philadel- 
phia ;  and  next  year  at  New  Orleans. 

The  annual  conference' of  the  American  Library  Association 
was  held  at  Boston  and  ]\Iiignolia,  Mass.,  June  14-2G.  It  was 
attended  by  over  a  thousand  library  workers,  coming  from 
nearly  eatery  state  of  the  Union,  and  from  Canada.  Three 
members  of  our  staff  attended  the  meeting,  which  was  the  larg- 
est and  one  of  the  most  successful  in  the  history  of  the  asso- 
ciation. 

Another  important  meeting  of  the  year,  attended  by  the 
secretary,  was  the  annual  convention  of  the  New  York  Library- 
Association,  held  at  Lake  Placid,  September  20-29.  This 
autunmal  conference  in  the  Adirondacks  has  now  assumed  large 
proportions,  and  attracts  library  chiefs  from  many  of  the  states 
east  of  the  Mississippi  river.     Library  training,  libraiy  insti- 


REPORT  OF  EXECUTIVE  COMMITTEE 


49 


tiites,  and  co-o})eration  uitli  schools,  were  the  subjects  chiefly 
under  discussion  by  tlie  one  hundred  and  fifty  librarians  present. 
Upon  his  return  from  Lake  Placid,  the  secretary  st^jpped  at 
liulfalo,  where,  upon  the  evening"  of  September  30,  he  delivered 
the  dedication  address  at  the  opening  of  the  beautiful  new  build- 
ing of  the  Buffalo  Historical  Society. 

A  conference  of  similar  character,  intended  for  Western 
librarians  and  tiiistees,  was  conducted  at  Madison,  August  2S- 
30,  the  meetings  being  held  in  the  buildilig  of  this  society,  wliich 
tejidered  its  hospitalities  to  the  one  hundred  and  twenty-eight 
]::>ersons  who  were  in  attendance.  These  represented  Wisconsin, 
J\lichlgau,  Illinois,  Jowa,  Minnesota,  Xorth  Dakota,  Xebra&ka, 
Kansas,  Texas,  Indiana,  Ohio,  Pennsylvania,  and  Xew  York. 
The  relations  of  publishers  and  Ixwksellers  to  librarians,  book 
reviews,  principles  of  hmk  selection,  relations  of  the  library 
board  to  the  city  government,  branch  libraries,  library  archi- 
tectuix?,  govermnent  documents,  and  libraries  in  isolated  com- 
munities, were  the  principal  subjects  discussed.  The  meeting 
was  so  successful,  professionally  and  socially,  that  there  seems 
no  reason  to  doubt  that  the  Western  conference  will  be  repeated 
annually  at  ]\[adison,  at  least  for  several  years  to  come. 

Public  library  interests  within  our  state  continue  their  re- 
markable development.  Several  additional  cities  have  within 
the  twelve  months  past  been  recipients  of  the  bounty  of  Mr. 
Andrew  (^arnegie,  of  Pittsburg,  and  their  new  buildings  are 
either  being  planned  or  are  in  course  of  actual  construction.^ 

1  Recent  Wisconsin  Carnegie  library-building  gifts  have  been:  Bara- 
boo,  $12,000;  Beloit,  $25,000;  Chippewa  Falls,  $20,000;  Eau  Claire, 
$40,000;  Fond  du  Lac,  $30,000,  and  $10,000  from  the  city;  Green  Bay, 
$25,000;  Janesville  $30,000,  and  $10,000  aaditional  from  the  F.  S.  Eldred 
estate;  Madison,  $75,000;  Monroe,  $10,000;  Neenah,, $10,000,  and  $15,000 
additional  from  the  city;  Racine,  $50,000;  Ripon,  $10,000,  and  $10,000 
will  be  added  by  others;  Sheboygan,  $35,000;  Sparta,  $10,000;  Stevens 
Point,  $20,000;  Superior,  $50,000;  Waukesha,  $15,000— a  total  of 
$512,000. 

Other  new  library  buildings  are  as  follows:  Lake  Mills,  $8,000, 
given  by  L.  D.  Fargo;  Marinette,  $30,000,  given  by  I.  A.  Stephenson; 
Oconto,  $15,000,  given  by  James  Farnsworth;  Stanley,  $15,000,  a  me- 
morial to  D.  R.  Moon— a  total  of  $68,000. 

Lake  Mills,  Stanley,  and   Superior  were  completed  in  1902;    Beloit, 


50 


WISCONSIN   HISTORICAL   SOCIETY 


The  society's  relations  with  the  Wisconsin  free  library  commis- 
sion, which  lias  been  and  is  doing  so  much  to  develop  and  aid 
the  public  libraries  of  the  commonwealth,  are  of  the  most  cordial 
character,  each  institution  being  enabled  in  many  practical  ways 
to  assist  the  other. 

state  Field  Work 

In  the  interests  of  the  society,  the  secretary  has  within  tlie 
vear  visited  various  sections  of  the  state  to  address  public  meet- 
ings  or  consult  with  citizens  concerning  the  organization  or 
conduct  of  local  historical  societies,  to  collect  manuscripts  and 
other  material  for  the  archives  and  the  published  Collections, 
or  to  serve  the  general  interests  of  Western  historical  study. 

Owing  to  the  state  political  campaign  which  engrossed  public 
interests,  no  field  meeting  of  the  society  was  held  witliin  the 
year.  Ilio  meeting  this  winter,  cm  the  occasion  of  the  biennial 
address,  will  in  a  measure  take  the  place  of  the  historical  con- 
vention. 

The  Museum 

No  doubt  such  appropriations  as  may  be  made  by  the  state 
legislature  to  the  work  of  the  society  will  always  be  used,  in 
largest  part,  to  meet  the  ever-growing  expenses  of  administra- 
tion, to  build  up  the  liln*ary,  and  to  maintain  our  work  of 
investigation  and  publication.  It  is  probable  that  we  shall  con- 
tinually be  obliged  to  rely  upon  our  special  funds  and  upon 
private  beneficence  for  the  proper  development  of  the  museum. 
Despite  Iho  wide  rejuitation  of  our  library  and  publications,  the 
museum  is  the  department  of  our  work  which  chiefly  appeals  to 
the  general  public ;  and  its  importance  as  a  factor  in  popular 
education  is  not  to  be  over-estimated.  It  is  proper,  therefore, 
to  make  especial  effort  to  enlist  interest  in  our  museum,  on  the 
part  of  the  wealthy  and  benevolent. 

We  had  reason  to  hope,  from  observations  of  results  else- 
where, that  our  removal  to  the  new  building  would  at  once  win 


Chippewa  Falls,  Pond  du  Lac,  Green  Bay,  Janesville,  Neenah,  Sheboy- 
gan, and  Stevens  Point  are  in  process  of  erection;  plans  are  being 
drawn  for  the  others  named.  We  are  indebted  to  Secretary  Hutchins 
of  the  Wisconsin  free  library  commission  for  the  foregoing  statistics. 


REPORT  OF  EXECUTIVE  COMMITTEE 


51 


for  us  large  gifts  to  this  department;  but  we  have  thus  far  re- 
ceived fewer  acoessionf?  on  that  account  than  had  been  antici- 
pated— the  Adams  collection  being  the  only  considerable 
accretion.  The  Mar)^  M.  Adams  art  fund,  a  welcome  benefac- 
tion, will  occasionally  bring  to  our  walls  some  worthy  article; 
the  antiquarian  fund,  however,  is  as  yet  too  small  to  be  of  mate- 
rial service,  and  needs  to  take  on  a  more  substantial  gi'owth. 
It  is  sincerely  to  be  hoped  that  this  latter  may,  in  the  near 
future,  reach  at  least  $20,000 ;  the  income  from  a  smaller  fund 
can  hardly  be  of  much  service  in  purchasing  important  histori- 
cal relics  or  ethnological  specimens. 

While  such  should  be  our  ambition, —  for  our  museum  cannot 
become  one  of  importance  without  a  healthier  financial  back- 
ing,— we  nevertheless  continue,  through  the  unfailing  kind- 
ness of  friends,  to  maintain  our  customaiy  growth  in  portraits 
and  miscellaneous  works  of  art,  historical  relics,  and  ethnologi- 
cal and  arcliai'ological  spexiimens.  For  these,  we  are  profoundly 
grateful ;  and  trust  that  no  matter  what  proportions  our  funds 
may  eventually  assume,  we  shall  continue  to  receive  in  full 
measure  those  miscellaneous  gifts,  which  are  not  only  interest- 
ing and  often  valuable  in  themselves,  but  exhibit  that  personal 
interest  in  our  work  on  the  part  of  all  classes  of  the  people  of 
the  state,  the  consciousness  of  which  is  our  greatest  reward. 

During  tlie  winter  of  1901-02,  the  hospitalities  of  the  build- 
ing were  tendered  to  the  Madison  Art  Association,  which  gave 
within  tlie  museum  several  highly  creditable  exhibitions,  accom- 
panied by  lectures.  These  exhibitions  and  talks  were  neces- 
sarily— this  being  a  state  building — free  to  the  public,  who 
largely  availed  themselves  of  the  opportunities  offered.  Not 
only  were  these  occasions  of  high  educational  value  to  the  stu- 
dents of  the  university,  but  they  did  much  to  popularize  the 
museum  itself  by  varying  the  character  of  the  exliibits.  T^to 
exhibitions  of  like  character  will  be  given  by  the  association 
during  the  coming  winter.  Tliey  will  doubtless  attract  to  the 
building  many  of  the  members  of  the  legislature  and  other  vis- 
itors to  the  city  from  all  sections  of  the  state. 


52 


WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 


The  North  Wing  Needed 


It  will  l)c  rcincinbored  that,  in  making  the  secondary  appro- 
priations for  this  building",  the  legislature  provided  for  an 
amuial  stii)ond  of  $100,000,  the  last  of  wliich  is  to  be  paid  in 
the  year  1903.  In  order  that  the  construction  might  be  expe- 
dited, the  board  of  building  commissioners  Ayere  authorized  to 
borrow  from  the  state  trust  funds,  paying  the  usual  rate  of 
interest  thereon.  Thus,  of  the  $720,000  nominally  voted  by 
the  state,  about  $35,000  has  been  or  will  be  turned  into  the  state 
treasury,  leaving  $085,000  as  the  net  sum  actually  at  the  dis- 
posal of  the  board  for  building  and  equipment.  There  are 
still  a  few  outstanding  claims,  which  when  paid  will  leave  about 
$10,000  in  the  hands  of  the  board.  This  residue  is  designed 
for  the  coloring  of  the  interior  walls  —  a  work  thus  far  deferred, 
in  order  to  enable  the  thick  (mter  Avails  of  the  building  to  l)e- 
come  perfectly  dry. 

In  erecting  the  building,  the  board  found  itself  unable  to  con- 
struct the  north  book-stack  wing  with  the  funds  at  its  command. 
By  consent  of  the  k^gislature,  the  wing  was  omitted.  This  gave 
us  administrative  and  reading  rooms  as  designed,  but  only  half 
of  the  book-storage  capacity  of  the  original  j^lans.  Already  we 
feel  the  need  of  more  space  for  this  purpose.  It  is  sincerely 
hoped  that  the  legislature  of  1903  may  deem  proper  to  continue 
the  annual  appropriation  for  a  time  sufficient  to  erect  and  equip 
the  deferred  wing,  which  will  at  last  place  us  in  the  position 
sought  by  the  legislature  of  1895.  Owing  to  tlie  general  rise 
in  the  price  of  building  materials,  we  shall  not  only  need  the 
stipend  of  $100,000  extended  through  the  year  1904,  but  an 
additional  sum  at  least  equivalent  to  the  interest  which  the 
board  has  Ix^en  obliged  to  return  to  the  state  treasury. 

Increased  Funds  Necessary  to  Our  Work 

In  1901  we  sought  from  the  legislature  standing  annual 
appropriations  of  $10,000  as  a  book-purchasing  fund.  But 
half  of  the  sum  was  granted — action  not  the  result,  we  have 
reason  to  believe,  of  any  lack  of  interest  in  our  work;  but  the 
outcome  of  peculiar  financial  straits  in  which  the  legislature 


REPORT  OF  EXECUTIVE  COMMITTEE 


53 


found  itself  at  the  last  session.  Since  the  adjournment  of  the 
legislature,  there  has  been,  as  elsewhere  explained  in  this  report, 
a  large  advance  in  the  price  of  hooks,  thus  still  further  embar- 
rassing our  work.  It  is  reasonable  to  suppose  that  the  amoiint 
will  be  increased  at  the  forthcoming  session  to  a  figure'  more 
befitting  our  present  needs. 

With  the  steady  growth  of  the  library  and  the  several  other 
activities  of  the  society,  more  and  more  trained  assistants  are 
required ;  provision  has  necessarily  to  be  -made  for  the  advance- 
ment of  those  who  have  been  taken  on  as  apprentices  at  small 
salaries  and  are  gaining  a  higher  standard  of  efficiency ;  and 
the  general  expenses  of  maintenance  will  of  course  grow  with 
the  years.  Our  staff  is  already  too  limited  for  our  needs ;  but 
until  legislative  relief  is  assured,  it  will  be  impracticable  to  ex^ 
pand  in  this  direction.  An  addition  of  $2,500  per  annum  to 
our  administrative  appropriation  could  most  profitably  be  used 
for  the  better  service  of  the  public. 

At  no  time  in  Jhe  half  century  which  has  now  elapsed  since 
the  reorganization,  has  the  society  been  free  from  the  embarrass- 
ment of  insufficient  means.  Xevertheless,  the  growth  of  its 
work  and  of  its  collections  has  been  phenomenal.  In  no  spirit  of 
boasting,  we  declare  our  belief  at  this  fiftieth  annual  meeting 
that  no  historical  society  has  in  a  like  period  made  such  remark- 
able progress ;  probably  no  other  organization  of  this  character 
has  before  it  today  quite  the  same  opportunities  for  usefulness 
in  the  higher  education  of  the  people.  We  owe  much  of  this  to 
our  peculiar  situation,  l>eing  both  at  the  capital  of  a  rapidly- 
developing  state,  and  at  the  seat  of  a  university  which  has  kept 
full  pace  with  the  remarkable  progress  of  the  commonwealth. 
The  influences  which  have  surrounded  us  have  from  the  first 
been  of  an  uiilifting  and  ambitious  character.  Early  relieved 
from  the  deadening  influences  of  petty  antiquarianism, — the 
bane  of  many  a  like  institution, — the  Wisconsin  society  has 
sought  to  stand  for  methods  and  aspirations  in  keeping  with  its 
environment  and  the  changing  temper  of  the  times.  But  while 
our  environment  has  been  stimulating,  your  committee  feel  it 
but  just,  upon  this  interesting  anniversary,  to  pay  tribute  to  the 


54 


WISCONSIN   HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 


untiring  devotion  of  the  individual  members  of  the  society,  both 
in  and  out  of  office,  who  have  at  all  times  freely  given  to  the 
work  their  moral  support  and  active  assistance.  Without  this 
loyal  co-opefation  from  the  members  at  large,  neither  your  com- 
mittee nor  the  salaried  staff  could  have  accomplished  a  tithe  of 
tJie  results  which  \mvo  won  for  the  Wisconsin  society  the  position 
which  it  now  holds.  ISTever  has  the  membership  list  been  as 
large  or  as  well  distributed  as  it  is  today,  or  included  so  many 
men  of  influence  in  their  respective  communities ;  and  probably 
at  no  time  in  the  career  of  the  society  has  there  been  exhibited 
so  general  an  interest  in  its  work  both  by  members  and  the  pub- 
lic in  general.  Thus  encouraged,  we  may  look  confidently  upon 
the  future,  anticipiating  that  it  will  bring  to  us  s-till  greater 
strength  and  wider  opportunity. 

On  behalf  of  the  executive  committee, 

Reuben  G.  Thwaites, 
Secretary  and  Superintendent. 


REPORT  OF  FINANCE  COMMITTEE 


DD 


REPORT  OF  FINANCE  COMMITTEE 


To  the  State  Historical  Society. — The  coimnittoe  on  finance 
have  resj)ectfully  to  report — from  tlie  date  of  last  accounting  to 
the  recently-established  ending  of  the  fiscal  year  (June  30th) 
seven  months — that  they  have  examined  the  statements  of  the 
treasurer  in  respect  to  such  matters  as  are  committed  to  the  care 
of  this  committee,  and  found  the  same  correct.  The  following 
is  a  summaiy  of  the  same : 


Principal  of  mortgage  loans 
The  Schumacher  St.  Paul  lots   (unchanged) 
The  Kingsley  St.  Paul  lots  (unchanged)    . 
The  balance  of  cash  on  hand     . 


A  total  of       .         .         . 
To  the  binding  fund 
To  the  antiquarian  fund 
To  the  Draper  fund    ,    . 
To  the  Mary  M.  Adams  art  fund 
General  fund  balance     . 


$33,650  00 

. 

580  54 

1,184  86 

7,961  49 

$43,376  89 

$27,802 

60 

4,873 

56 

6,048 

73 

4,114 

80 

537 

20 

$43,376  89 

As  of  July  1.  1902,  above  shown,  the  generous  contribution 
of  Mrs.  Adams  ($4,056.22)  to  our  art  fund,  and  the  gain  by 
sale  of  the  Draper  homestead  ($5,G(>5.5o)  has  largely  increased 
the  total  assets,  from  Avhicli  the  required  apportionment  has 
been  duly  made. 

Though  extending  beyond  the  limit  of  the  present  fiscal  year, 
it  may  be  proper  to  state  (hat  since  that  period  there  has 
been  received  from  various  sources  $2,889.14  and  expended 
$10,938.49— $10,000.00  of  which  is  in  mortgage  loans,  which 
will  appear  in  the  next  annual  report.  This  causes  the  treas- 
urer's account  (Dec.  5th  inst.)  overdrawn  $87.86 — not  appear- 
ing in  that  officer's  report  at  this  time. 

Tlie  only  real-estate  undisposed  of  are  the  St.  Paul  lots  stand- 
ing charged  at  $1,665.38,  and  which  diligent  effort  is  being 
niade  to  sell,  thus  far  without  avail, 


56  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 

For  a  detail  of  all  items  of  receipt  and  disbursement  by  the 
treasurer  to  July  1st  ult.,  his  accompanying  report  (approved) 
is  herewith  submitted  through  your  committee. 
Reapectfully  submitted, 

K.  B.  Van  Slyke, 
Halle  Steensland, 
Geo.  B.  Burrows, 
J.  11.  Palmer, 
\V.  A.  P.  Morris, 
•  Finance  Committee. 

December  11,  1002. 


TREASURER'S  REPORT 


D/ 


TfREASUKER'S    REPORT 


Report  of  the  treasurer  for  the  seven  months  ending  Juno  30, 


1902 


The  Treasurer,  Cr. 

1901. 

Dec.     1. 

1902. 

June  30. 


Binding  Fund  Income  Account 


To  balance  unexpended 

To  rent  of  Draper  house  . 
To  Yz  annual  dues 
To  %  sale  of  duplicates  . 
To  %  life  membership  fees 
To  cash  sale  Draper  house 
To  rebate  on  insurance 
To  interest  apportionment  . 


The  Treasurer,  Cr. 
1901. 


Dec.  30. 

1902. 
June  30. 


By   George   Kraft, 
Draper  house  . 


heating   plant   for 


By  R.  G.  Thwaites,  salary  as  superin- 
tendent ..... 

By  I.  S.  Bradley,  salary  as  asst.  supt. 

By  L.  S.  Hanks,  salary  as  treasurer  . 

By  taxes  on  St.  Paul  lots    . 

By  balance  unexpended  and  trans- 
ferred to  binding  fund     . 


1440  99 


$156  57 


$90  00 

37  00 

28  73 

20  00 

.  5,928  00 

8  40 

879  82 

16,991  95 

$7,148  52 

583  33 

233  34 

87  50 

35  47 

5,767  89 

$7,148  52 

Binding  Fund 

The  Treasurer,  Dr. 
1901. 

Dec.     1.     To  balance  ....  $30,078  38 

To  transferred  from  binding  fund  in- 
come account  .....     5,767  89 


$35,846  27 


-8  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 

The  Treasurer,  Cr. 

1902. 

June  30.  By  transfer  to  real  estate  .  .  .  |2,378  14 
By  transfer  to  Draper  fund  .  .  5,665  53 
By  balance 27,802  60 


135,846  27 


1902. 

July    1.     By  balance  ....  $27,802  60 

Antiquarian  Fund  hivoine  Accoitiit 
The  Treasurer,  Dr. 
1902. 
June  30.     To  %  annual  dues 

To  V^  sale  of  duplicates 

To  %  life  membership  fees 

To  interest  apportionment 


137 

00 

28 

75 

20 

00 

137 

38 

$223  13 


The  Treasurer,  Cr. 

1902. 

June  30.     By  transferred  to  antiquarian  fund   .         .         ,  $223  13 

Antiquarian  Fund 
The  Treasurer,  Dr. 
1901. 

Dec.     1.    To  balance $4,650  43 

1902. 

June  30.     To  transferred    from    antiquarian    in- 
come fund  account  .         .         .         223  13 

$4,873  56 


The  Treasurer,  Cr. 

1902. 

July     1.     To  balance $4,873  56 

Draper  Fund 

The  Treasurer,  Dr. 

1901. 

Dec.     1.     To  balance $360  90 

1902. 

June  30.     To  sa.e  of  duplicates  .         .         .         .  13  50 

To  interest  apportionment  .         .  8  80 

To  sale  of  Draper  house      .         .         .     5,665  53 


$6,048  73 


The  Treasurer,  Cr. 

1902. 

June  30.        By   balance     .         .         •         .         .         .         .       $6,048  73 


TREASURER'S  REPORT 


59 


Mary  M.  Adams  Art  Fund 


General  Fund 
The  h'reasurer.  Dr. 
1901. 

Dec.     1.  To  balance $732  88 

1902. 

June  30.     To  reed,  from  univ.   regents,  balance 

due  on  maintenance  expenses  .         .  26  07 

The  Treasurer,  Cr. 

1902. 

June  30.  By  salary  of  student  assistants  .  .  $220  25 
By  painting  signs       ....  1  50 

By  balance 537  20 

1902. 

July    1.     By    balance $537  20 

The  Treasurer,  Dr. 

1902. 

Jan.  24.     To  cash  received  from  Mary  M.  Adams 

Apr.     3.     To  sale  of  Mrs.  Adams's  jewels  . 

June  30.     To  interest  apportionment 

The  Treasurer,  Cr. 

1902. 

June  30.     By  balance  ..... 

Inventory 
Real  estate  mortgages       .         .         . 
Real  estate  owned: 

Lot  1,  blk  2,  Bryant's  Randolph 

St.  addition,  St.  Paul         .  .       $580  54 

Lots   6    and    7,    blk.    35,    Summit 

Park  addition,  St.  Paul.  .     1,184  86 


Cash  in  bank     .... 

Belonging  as  follows: 
To  binding  fund 
lo  antiquarian  fund  . 
To  general  fund 
To  Draper  fund 
To  Mary  M.  Adams  art  fund 


1,765  40 
7,961  49 


$758  95 


$758  95 


;   $206  22 

3,850  00 

58  58 

$4,114  80 

• 

$4,114  80 

$33,650  00 

$43,376  89 


$27,802  60 

.      4,873  56 

537  20 

.      6,048  73 

.      4,11480 


$43,376  89 


Respectfully  submitted, 

L.  S.  ELaitks, 
'  Treasurer. 


6o  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 

Tho  undorsignod,  constituting  the  auditing  comimittee  ap- 
pointed at  the  annual  mieeting,  do  hereby  certify  that  we  have 
oxaniined  the  books  and  vouchers  of  the  treasurer  of  the  State 
Historical  Society  of  Wisconsin  and  find  vouchers  properly  cer- 
tified for  all  disbursements  made  and  find  that  the  same  are 
proj)erly  entered  on  the  books,  and  that  we  have  examined  the 
accompanying  report  and  find  that  the  same  corresponds  with 
the  books  of  the  treasurer  so  far  as  the  disbursements  are  con- 
cerned. 

Madison,  Wis.,  K'ovember  20,  1902. 

CiiAPiLEs  N.  Brown, 

A.  B.  Morris, 

E.  B.  Steensland, 

Auditing  Committee. 


DRAPER  HOMESTEAD  COMMITTEE 


61 


DRAPER  HOMESTEAD  COMMITTEE- 
REPORT 


-FINAL 


To  the  State  Historical  Society — Your  committee  on  the  dis- 
position of  tlie  Jlrapor  homestead  property,  is  pleased  to  report 
Uiat  tlie  "homestead"  devised  by  the  late  Lyman  C.  Draper  to 
the  society  A\as  sold  to  Augusta  B.  Findlay  on  the  23rd  of  May 
last 


For  the  nominal  price  of  . 

Less  allowance  ,for  needed  repairs     ..... 

Net  price  received       ....... 

Cost  of  transfer — U.  S.  revenue  stamps     .         .  $1  75 

Abstract  of  title  $3.7o — less  50  cts.  refunded     .  3  25 

Recording  two  mortgages  .....  2  00 


Net  proceeds  of  sale      ....... 

Comprised  of  cash  in  hand       ....       $928  00 

A  purchase  money  mortgage  on  premises  .         .     3,000  00 
A  first  lien  mortgage  on  lots  in  blk.  71,  Madison, 
executed  by  F.  J.  McConnell,  6  per  cent  in- 
terest        .  .     2,000  00 


Expenditures  have  been  for  Mrs.  Draper's  dower 

interest,  purchased  .         .         .    '      .         .   $1,000  00 

First  general  repairs  of  dwelling       .         .         .     1,378  14 


(Appearing  as  standing  charged  to  fund)          .  $2,378  14 

Subsequent  varied  repairs           ....  534  11 

Street  improvement  tax 134  78 

City  sewer  tax 60  00 

Insurance            .......  69  00 

An  entire  new  heating  apparatus       .          .          .  440  99 

Attorney's  services     ......  26  95 


$6,000  00 
65  00 

$5,935  00 


7  00 


$5,928  00 


3,381  50 


$9,309  50 


3,643  97 


Leaving  the  total  net  avails  of  the  property 


$5,665  53 


62  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 

This  net  proceeds  to  be  applied  in  accordance  with  section  14 
of  the  by  laws.  The  purpose  of  yonr  committee  having  been 
fully  accomplished,  it  bous  to  1)o  discharged. 

N.  B.  Van  Slyke, 
Halle  Steensland, 

R.    G.    TlIWAlTES, 

Drapcv  House  Committee. 
December  11,  1902. 


SECRETARY'S  FISCAL  REPORT  63 


SKCIIET ART'S   FISCAL   REPORT 

To  the  Executive  CommUtee,  Slate  Historical  Society  of  IV'/.s- 
coiisin. — The  state  now  iqijiropriatcs  to  the  society,  directly, 
$20,000  annually— $15,000  under  sec.  3,  chap.  296,  laws  of 
1899,  and  $5,000  under  sec,  1,  chap.  155,  laws  of  1901.  Dis- 
hursements  from  these  a])propriations  are  made  upon  warrant 
of  the  undersigned,  audited  hy  the  secretary  of  state,  and  paid 
by  the  state  treasurer.  According  to  the  books  of  the  secretary 
of  state,  our  account  witli  the  state  stood  as  follows  upon  July 
1,  1902  : 

Chap.  2f)(l,  Laivs  of  1899 

1901. 
Dec.     1.     Unexpended  balance  of  appropriation         .  .       $2,992  52 

Appropriation  for  calendar  year,  1902         .  .       15,000  00 


$17,992  52 


Disbursements    during    seven     months     ending 

June  30,  1902,  as  per  appended  list         .  .         7,709  09 


1902. 
July     1.     Unexpended  balance  in  state  treasury         .  .     $10,283  43 

Chap.  155,  Laws  of  1901 

1901. 
Dec.     1.     Unexpended  balance  in  state  treasury        .  .       $2,491  96 

Appropriation  for  calendar  year,  1902         .  .         5,000  00 


$7,491  96 


Disbursements  during  seven  months  ending  June 
30,  1902,  as  per  appended  list         .  .  .         2,999  69 


1902. 
July     1.     Unexpended  balance  in  state  treasury  .         .       $4,492  27 


64 


WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 


Orders  draicn  against  State  Treasurer,  in  accordance  with  Sec.  3, 
Chap.  296,  Laws  of  1800. 


Dec. 


Dec.  20. 


Dec. 

20. 

Dec. 

20. 

Dec. 

20. 

Dec. 

20. 

Dec. 

20. 

Dec. 

20. 

Dec. 

20. 

Dec. 

20. 

Dec. 

20. 

Dec. 

20. 

Dec. 

20. 

Dec. 

20. 

Dec. 

20. 

Dec. 

20. 

Dec. 

20. 

Dec. 

20. 

Dec. 

20. 

Dec. 

20. 

Dec. 

20. 

Dec. 

20. 

Dec. 

20. 

Dec. 

20. 

Dec. 

20. 

Dec. 

20. 

Dec. 

24. 

Dec. 

24. 

Dec. 

24. 

Dec. 

24. 

Dec. 

24. 

Dec. 

24. 

Dec 

24. 

Reuben   G.    Thwaites,   superintendent,   paid   out 
for  labor  and  supplies    ..... 

Florence  E.  Baker,  reading  room  attendant,  serv- 
ices ........ 

Emma    H.    Blair,    manuscript    room    attendant, 
services   ........ 

Bennie  Butts,  messenger,  services 
Mary  S.  Foster,  periodical  room  attendant,  serv- 
ices .         .         .         .         .         . 

Emma  Gattiker,   stack   superintendent,   services 

William  E.  Grove,  student  assistant,  services     . 

Clarence    S.    Hean,   newspaper    room   attendant, 

services  ....... 

Frances  S.  C.  James,  cataloguer,  services  . 
Louise   P.    Kellogg,    document    room    attendant, 
services  ....... 

Ceylon   C.  Lincoln,  museum  attendant,  services 
Frances  B.  Marshall,  student  assistant,  services 
Delbert  R.  Mathews,  student  assistant,  services 
Annie   A.    Nunns,    secretary   to   superintendent, 
services   ....... 

Eve  Parkinson,  stack  assistant,   services  . 
Elizabeth  C.  Smith,  cataloguer,  services     . 
Iva  A.  Welsh,  accession  clerk,  services 
Donley  Davenport,  elevator  boy,  services  . 
Thomas  Dean,  engineer,  services 
Tillie  Gunkel,  charwoman,  services     . 
Charles  Kehoe,  night  engineer,   services    . 
Emma  Ledwith,  housekeeper,  services 
Edith  Rudd,  charwoman,  services 
Rogneld  Sather,  charwoman,  services 
Carrie  Schroeder,  charwoman,  services 
Everett  Westbury,  assistant  engineer,  services 
C.  &  N.  W.  Freight  Co.,  Madison,  Wis.,  freight 
Henry  C.  Gerling,  Madison,  Wis.,  drayage 
A.  C.  McClurg  &  Co.,  Chicago,  111.,  freight 
Johnson  Electric  Service  Co.,  Milwaukee,  supplies 
George  Kraft,  Madison,  Wis.,  supplies 
Wisconsin    Telephone    Co.,    Madison,   Wis.,   tele- 
phone      ....... 

R.    G.    Thwaites,    superintendent,    paid    out   for 
labor   and   supplies  .... 


19 

50 

60 

00 

60 

00 

45 

00 

31 

68 

40 

00 

21 

00 

30 

00 

17 

20 

50 

00 

50 

00 

18 

00 

9 

00 

30 

40 

35 

00 

25 

00 

25 

00 

20 

00 

50 

GO 

27 

00 

35 

00 

35 

00 

27 

00 

27 

00 

27 

00 

45 

00 

7 

04 

14 

50 

8 

20 

11 

71 

43 

30 

13 

50 

12 

04 

SECRETARY'S  FISCAL  REPORT 


65 


1902. 

Jan. 

7 

Jan. 

7 

Jan. 

7 

Jan. 

7 

Jan. 

7 

Jan. 

7 

Jan. 

7 

Jan. 

21 

Jan. 

21 

Jan. 

21. 

Jan. 

21. 

Jan. 

21. 

Jan. 

21. 

Jan. 

21. 

Jan. 

27. 

Jan.  27. 

Jan.  27. 
Jan.  27. 

Jan.  27. 
Jan.  27. 

Jan.  27. 
Jan.  27. 

Jan.  27. 
Jan.  27. 
Jan.  27. 

Jan.  27. 
Jan.  27. 
Jan.  27. 
Jan.  27. 
Jan.  27. 
Jan.  27. 
Jan.  27. 
Jan.  27. 
Jan.  27. 
Jan.  27. 


C.  M.  &  St.  Paul  Ry.  Co.,  Madison,  freight 
R.  G.  Thwaites,  secretary,  traveling  expenses   . 
City  Treasurer,  Madison,  macadam  and  sprink- 
ling taxes        ....... 

Philip  Gross  Hardware  Co.,  Milwaukee,  supplies 
Madison  Gas  &  Electric  Co.,  Madison,  light  and 

power      ...... 

Edwin  Sumner  &  Son,  Madison,  supplies 

R.    G.    Thwaites,    superintendent,    paid    out   for 

labor  and  supplies  .... 

C.  &  N.  W.  Ry.  Co.,  Madison,  freight 
Dennison  Mfg.  Co.,  Chicago,  111.,  supplies     . 
E.  S.  Ferius,  Madison,  drayage     . 
Crawford  Lindsay,  Quebec,  Canada,  services 
G.  E.  Stechert,  New  York  City,  freight 
Dane  Co.  Telephone  Co.,  Madison,  telephones 
N.  Quinn,  Madison,  sprinkling  street 
Florence  E.  Baker,  reading  room  attendant,  serv 

ices  ...... 

Emma    H.    Blair,    manuscript    room    attendant, 

services  ..... 

Bennie  Butts,  messenger,  services 
Mary  S.  Foster,  periodical  room  attendant,  serv 

ices  ....... 

Emma  Gattiker,  stack  superintendent,  services 
Clarence    S.    Hean,   newspaper    room   attendant, 

services  ..... 

Frances  S.  C.  James,  cataloguer,  services 
Louise    P.    Kellogg,  document    room    attendant 

services  ...... 

Ceylon  C.  Lincoln,  museum  attendant,  services 
Delbert  R.  Mathews,  student  assistant,  services 
Annie   A.    Nunns,    secretary   to   superintendent, 

services  ..... 

Eve  Parkinson,  stack  assistant,  services 
Elizabeth  C.  Smith,  cataloguer,  services 
Iva  A.  Welsh,  accession  clerk,  services 
Donley  Davenport,  elevator  boy,  services 
Thomas  Dean,  engineer,  services 
Tillie  Gunkel,  charwoman,  services    . 
Charles  Kehoe,  night  watchman,  services 
Emma  Ledwith,  housekeeper,  services 
Edith  Rudd,  charwoman,  services 
Rogneld  Sather,  charwoman,  services 


58 

68 

51 

89 

112 

44 

2 

79 

178 

50 

3 

35 

5 

95 

4 

12 

3 

50 

7 

74 

19 

56 

8 

40 

18 

00 

12 

20 

60  00 


60 

00 

45 

00 

45 

00 

35 

00 

30 

00 

20 

80 

60 

00 

50 

00 

9 

00 

35 

00 

35 

00 

29 

36 

35 

00 

20 

00 

50 

00 

27 

00 

35 

00 

35 

00 

27 

00 

27 

00 

66 


WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    80CIETY 


Jan. 

27 

Jan. 

27 

Feb. 

12 

Feb. 

12 

Feb. 

12 

Feb. 

12 

Feb. 

12 

Feb. 

12 

Feb. 

12 

Feb. 

12 

Feb. 

12 

Feb. 

24 

Feb.  24. 

Feb.  24. 
Feb.  24. 

Feb.  24. 
Feb.  24. 

Feb.  24. 
Feb.  24. 

Feb.  24. 
Feb.  24. 

Feb.  24. 
Feb.  24. 
Feb.  24. 
Feb.  24. 
Feb.  24. 
Feb.  24. 
Feb.  24. 
Feb.  24. 
Feb.  24. 
Feb.  24. 
Feb.  24. 
Feb.  24. 
Feb.  24. 
Feb.  24. 

Feb.  24. 


Carrie  Schroeder,  charwoman,  services 
Everett  Westbury,  assistant  engineer,  services 
C.  &  N.  W.  Railway  uo.,  Madison,  freigtit  . 
L.  J.  Picliarts  &  Co.,  Madison,  supplies     . 
Schwaab  btamp  &  Seal  Co.,  Milwaukee,  supplies 
Conklin  &  Sons,  Madison,  supplies     . 
P.   F.   Harloff,   Madison,   supplies 
Madison  Gas  &  Electric  Co.,  light  and  power 
Stephenson  &  Studemann,  Madison,  supplies 
R.    G.    Thwaites,    superintendent,    paid    out   for 

labor  and  supplies  .... 

King  &  Walker  Company,  Madison,  services 
Florence    E.    Baker,    reading    room    attendant, 

services 

Emma  H.  Blair,  manuscript  room  attendant,  serv- 
ices ....... 

Bennie  Butts,  messenger,  services 

Mary  S.  Foster,  periodical  room  attendant,  serv 

ices  ....... 

Emma  Gattiker,  stack  superintendent,  services 
Clarence   S.    Hean,   newspaper    room    attendant, 

services  ...... 

Frances  S.  C.  James,  cataloguer,  services  . 
Louise    P.    Kellogg,    document   room    attendant, 

services  ....... 

Ceylon  C.  Lincoln,  museum  attendant,  services 
Annie   A.    Nunns,    secretary    to   superintendent, 

services  ...... 

Eve  Parkinson,  stack  assistant,  services     . 
Elizabeth  C.  Smith,  cataloguer,  services     . 
Iva  A.  Welsh,  accession  clerk,  services 
Donley  Davenport,  elevator  boy,  services 
Thomas  Dean,  engineer,  services 
Emma  Dietrich,  charwoman,  services 
Tillie  Gunkel,  charwoman,  services   . 
Charles  Kehoe,  night  watchman,  services  . 
Emma  Ledwith,  housekeeper,  services 
Edith  Rudd,  charwoman,  services    .   . 
Rogneld  Sather,  charwoman,  services 
Everett   Westbury,    assistant   engineer,    services 
Burdett-Rowntree  Mfg.  Co.,  Chicago,  repairs 
Madison  Gas  &  Electric  Co.,  Madison,  light  and 

power      ....... 

R.    G.   Thwaites,    superintendent,    paid    out    for 

supplies   and   labor         .... 


27 

00 

45 

00 

35 

63 

3 

60 

3 

55 

24 

09 

16 

00 

116 

40 

23 

86 

14 

28 

5 

50 

60  00 

60  00 
45  00 

45  00 
40  00 

30  00 
20  70 

60  00 
50  00 

35  00 
35  00 
30  00 
35  00 
20  00 
50  00 
27  00 
27  00 
35  00 
35  00 
27  00 
27  OD 
45  00 
15  00 

138  60 

17  72 


Secretaky's  fiscal  report 


67 


Feb.  24.     Crawford    Lindsay,    Parliament    Bldg.,    Quebec, 
Canada,  services      ...... 

Mch.  27.     Florence    E.    Baker,    reading    room    attendant, 
services  ....... 

Mch.  27.     Emma  H.  Blair,  manuscript  room  attendant,  serv- 
ices ........ 

Mch.  27.     Bennie  Butts,  messenger,  services 
Mch.  27.     Mary  S.  Foster,  periodical  room  attendant,  serv- 
ices ........ 

Mch.  27.     Emma  Gattiker,   stack   superintendent,   services 
Mch.  27.     Clarence    S.    Hean,   newspaper    room    attendant, 
services  .         .         .         . 

Mch.  27.     Frances  S.  C.  James,  cataloguer,  services  . 
Mch.  27.     Louise    P.    Kellogg,    document   room    attendant, 
services  ....... 

Mch.  27.     Ceylon  C.  Lincoln,  museum  attendant,  services 

Mch.  27.     Delbert  R.  Mathews,  student  assistant,  services 

Mch.  27.     Annie   A.    Nunns,    secretary    to   superintendent, 

services  ..... 

Mch.  27.     Eve  Parkinson,  stack  assistant,  services 

Mch.  27.     Elizabeth  C.  Smith,  cataloguer,  services 

Mch.  27.     Iva  A.  Welsh,  accession  clerk,  services 

Mch.  27.     Donley  Davenport,  elevator  boy,  services 

Mch.  27.     Thomas  Dean,  engineer,  services 

Mch.  27.     Emma   Dietrich,   charwoman,    services 

Mch.  27.     Tillie  Gunkel,  charwoman,  services     . 

Mch.  27.     Charles  Kehoe,  night  watchman,  services 

Mch.  27.     Emma  Ledwith,  housekeeper,  services 

Met.  27.     Edith  Rudd,  charwoman,  services 

Mch.  27.     Rogneld  Sather,  charwoman,  services 

Mch.  27.     Everett   Westbury,    assistant   engineer,    services 

Mch.  31.     Julius  Andrae  &  Sons,  Milwaukee,  equipment 

Mch.  31.     Johnson   Electric   Service   Co.,   Milwaukee,   sup 

plies 

Mch.  31.     Madison  Gas  &  Electric  Co.,  Madison,  light  and 
power      ....... 

Mch.  31.     C.  M.  &  St.  Paul  Ry.  Co.,  Madison,  freight 
Mch.  31.     C.  &  N.  W.  Ry.  Co.,  Madison,  freight 
Mch.  31.     Henry  G.  Gerling,  Madison,  drayage  . 
Mch.  31.     Montgomery,   Ward   &   Co.,   Chicago,   equipment 
Mch.  31.     Schwaab  Stamp  &   Seal  Co.,   Milwaukee,   equip- 
ment       ........ 

Apr.  28.     Florence    E.    Baker,    reading    room    attendant, 
services  ....... 

Apr.  28.     Bennie  Butts,  messenger,  services     . 


21 

34 

60 

00 

60 

00 

45 

00 

45 

00 

40 

00 

29 

50 

26 

80 

60 

00 

50 

00 

7 

95 

35 

00 

35 

00 

30 

00 

35 

00 

20 

00 

50 

00 

27 

00 

27 

00 

35 

00 

35 

00 

27 

00 

27 

00 

45 

00 

5 

00 

3  00 

139  20 

2  87 

3  49 
11  00 
11  86 

2  22 

60  00 

45  00 


68 


WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 


Apr.  28.    Guy  W.  Crane,  student  assistant,  services 

Apr.  28.     Mary  S.  Foster,  periodical  room  attendant,  serv 

ices 

Apr.  28.     Emma  Gattiker,   staclc   superintendent,  services 
Apr.  28.     Robert  O.  Gibbons,  student  assistant,  services 
Apr.  28.     Clarence    S.    Hean,   newspaper   room   attendant, 

services  ..... 

Apr.  28.     Frances  S.  C.  James,  cataloguer,  services 
Apr.  28.     Louise    P.    Kellogg,    document   room    attendant 

services  ...... 

Apr.  28.     Ceylon  C.  Lincoln,  museum  attendant,  services 
Apr.  28.     Annie   A.    Nunns,    secretary    to   superintendent, 

services  ..... 

Apr.  28.     Eve  Parkinson,  stack  assistant,  services 
Apr.  28.     Elizabeth  C.  Smith,  cataloguer,  services 
Apr.  28.     Iva  A.  Welsh,  accession  clerk,  services 
Apr.  28.     Donley  Davenport,  elevator  boy,  services 
Apr.  28.     Thomas  Dean,  engineer,   services 
Apr.  28.     Emma  Dietrich,  charwoman,  services 
Apr.  28.     Tillie  Gunkel,  charwoman,  services     . 
Apr.  28.     Charles  Kehoe,  night  watchman,  services 
Apr.  28.     Emma  Ledwith,  housekeeper,  services 
Apr.  28.     Edith  Rudd,  charwoman,  services 
Apr.  28.     Rogneld  Sather,  charwoman,  services 
Apr.  28.     Everett   Westbury,    assistant   engineer,    services 
Apr.  30.     C.  &  N.  W.  Ry.  Co.,  Madison,  freight 
Apr.  30.     Dane  Co.  Telephone  Co.,  Madison,  telephones 
Apr.  30.     W.  T.  McConnell  &  Son,  Madison,  supplies 
Apr.  30.     Madison  Gas  &  Electric  Company,  light  &  power 
Apr.  30.     R.  G.  Thwaites,  supt.,  paid  for  labor  &  supplies 
May  21.     C.  &  N.  W.  Ry.  Co.,  Madison,  freight 
May  21.     Clyde  Horton,  Cleveland,  Ohio,  printing   . 
May  21.     R.  G.  Thwaites,  secy.,  paid  drayage  and  notary 

fee 

May  21.  W.  J.  Gamm.  Madison, .  Wis.,  services 
May  21.  New  York  Store.  Madison,  supplies  . 
May  28.     Florence    E.    Baker,    reading    room    attendant, 

services  ....... 

May  28      Emma    H.    Blair,    manuscript    room    attendant, 

services  ....... 

May  28.     Bennie  Butts,  messenger,  services 
May  28.     Marj'  S.  Foster,  periodical  room  attendant,  serv- 
ices ........ 

May  28.     Emma  Gattiker,  stack  superintendent,  services  . 
May  28.     Robert  O.  Gibbons,  student  assistant,  services 


5  40 

45  00 
40  00 

6  90 

30  00 

31  25 

60  00 
50  00 

35  00 
35  00 
35  00 
35  00 
20  00 
50  00 
27  00 
27  00 
37  40 
35  00 
27  00 
27  00 
45  00 

8  04 
18  00 

9  80 
108  00 

27  94 
1  80 

7  00 

4  61 

12  00 

3  83 

60  00 


64 

90 

45 

00 

45 

00 

40 

00 

6 

30 

May- 

28 

May 

28 

May 

28 

May 

28 

May 

28 

May 

28 

May 

28 

May 

28 

May  28 

May 

28 

May  28 

May 

28 

May 

28 

May 

28 

May 

28 

May 

28. 

May  28. 

May  28. 

May  28. 

June 

9. 

June 

9. 

June  9. 

June  9. 
June  9. 
June  26. 

June  26. 

June  26. 
June  26. 
June  26. 

June  26. 
June  26. 
June  26. 

June  26. 
June  26. 

June  26. 


SECRETARY'S  FISCAL  REPORT 

Emma  A.  Hawley,  classifier,  services 

Clarence   S.   Hean,   newspaper   room   attendant, 

services  ...... 

Frances  S.  C.  James,  cataloguer,  services 
Louise    P.    Kellogg,    document   room   attendant, 

services  ...... 

C.  C.  Lincoln,  museum  attendant,  services 

Nan  Mashek,  cataloguer,  services 

Annie   A.    Nunns,    secretary   to   superintendent. 

services  ...... 

Eve  Parkinson,  stack  assistant,  services     . 

Elizabeth  C.  Smith,  cataloguer,  services 

Iva  A.  Welsh,  accession  clerk,  services 

Donley  Davenport,  elevator  boy,  services  . 

Thomas  Dean,  engineer,  services 

Emma  Dietrich,  charwoman,  services 

Tillie  Gunkel,  charwoman,  services     . 

Charles  Kehoe,  extra  laborer,  services 

Emma  Ledwith,  housekeeper,  services 

Edith  Rudd,  charwoman,  services 

Rogneld  Sather,  charwoman,  services 

Everett   Westbury,    assistant  engineer,   services 

F.  J.  Foote,  Madison,  services     . 

Madison  Gas  &  Electric  Co.,  Madison,  light  and 

power      ....... 

R.  G.  Thwaites,  superintendent,  paid  out  for  la 

bor   and   supplies    ..... 
J.  Wattam,  Madison,  supplies     . 
Guy  W.  Crane,  Madison,  services 
Florence    E.    Baker,    reading    room    attendant 

services  ..".... 

Emma    H.    Blair,    manuscript    room    attendant 

services  ...... 

Bennie  Butts,  messenger,  services 

Katharine  Cramer,  student  assistant,  services 

Mary  S.  Foster,  periodical  room  attendant,  serv 

ices  ....... 

Emma  Gattiker,  stack  superintendent,  services 

Emma  A.  Hawley,  classifier,  services 

Clarence   S.   Hean,   newspaper   room   attendant, 

services  ...... 

Frances  S.  C.  James,  cataloguer 

Louise   P.    Kellogg,    document   room    attendant, 

services  ....... 

Ceylon  C.  Lincoln,  museum  attendant,  services 


69 

40 

00 

30 

00 

30 

25 

60 

00 

50 

00 

25 

00 

35 

00 

35 

00 

35 

00 

35 

00 

20 

00 

50 

00 

27 

00 

27 

00 

12 

30 

35 

00 

27 

00 

27 

00 

45 

00 

10 

15 

108  30 

23  37 
9  40 
6  12 

60  00 


28 

40 

45 

00 

30 

40 

45 

00 

40 

00 

60 

00 

30 

00 

32 

63 

60 

00 

50 

00 

70 


WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 


June  26.  Katharine  Marshall,   student  assistant,  services 

June  26.  Nan  Mashek,  cataloguer,  services 

June  26.  Annie   A.   Nunns,   secretary   to   superintendent, 

services  ..... 

June  26.  Eve  Parkinson,  stack  assistant,  services 

June  26.  Elizabeth  C.  Smith,  cataloguer,  services 

June  26.  Iva  A.  Welsh,  accession  clerk,  services 

June  26.  Donley  Davenport,  elevator  boy,  services 

June  26.  Thomas  Dean,  engineer,  serivces 

June  26.  Emma  Dietrich,  charwoman,  services 

June  26.  Tillie  Gunkel,  charwoman,  services   . 

June  26.  Charles  Kehoe,  extra  laborer,  services 

June  26.  Emma  Ledwith,  housekeeper,  services 

June  26.  Edith  Rudd,  charwoman,   services 

June  26.  Rogneld  Sather,  charwoman,  services 

June  26.  Everett   Westbury,    assistant   engineer,    services 

June  26.  Frank  Westbury,  extra  laborer,  services   . 

June  28.  C.  &  N.  W.  Railroad  Co.,  Madison,  freight 

June  28.  W.  T.  McConnell  &  Son,  Madison,  supplies 

June  28.  Madison  Gas  &  Electric  Co.,  Madison,  light  and 

power      ...... 

June  28.  Standard  Oil  Company,  Madison,  supplies 


10  40 
10  00 

45  00 
35  00 
35  00 
35  .00 
20  00 
50  00 
27  00 
27  00 

7  50 
35  00 
27  00 
27  00 
45  00 
15  00 

6  73 
17  85 

63  00 
9  73 


?7,709  09 


Orders  drawn  against  State  Treasurer,  in  accordance  with  Sec.  1, 
Chap.  155,  Laws  of  1901 


Dec. 

1. 

Dec. 

1. 

Dec. 

1. 

Dec. 

1. 

Dec. 

1. 

Dec. 

1. 

Dec. 

1. 

Dec. 

1. 

Dec. 

1. 

Dec. 

1. 

Dec. 

1. 

Dec. 

1. 

Dec. 

17. 

Dec. 

17. 

Dec. 

17. 

Dec. 

17. 

E.  R.  Curtiss,  Madison,  pictures 
H.  P.  Gibson,  treasurer,  New  York  City,  books 
Helman-Taylor  Company,  "Cleveland,   Ohio,  pic 
tures        ....... 

Hall  N.  Jackson,  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  books     . 
J.  E.  Malman,  Shelter  Island,  N.  Y.,  books 
A.  C.  McClurg  &  Co.,  Chicago,  111.,  books     . 
A.  C.  McClurg  &  Co.,  Chicago,  111.,  books     . 
Joel  Munsell's  Sons,  Albany,  N.  Y.,  books    . 
Joel  Munsell's  Sons,  Albany,  N.  Y.,  books    . 
Joel  Munsell's  Sons,  Albany,  N.  Y.,  books    . 
R.  G.  Thwaites,  secy.,  Madison,  paid  for  books 
A.  Walsh,  Chicago,   111.,  books    . 
Henry  J.  Aten,  Hiawatha,  Kansas,  books  . 
John  W.  Cadby,  Albany,  N.  Y.,  books 
Daniel  H.  Carpenter,  Maplewood,  N.  J.,  books 
W.  H.  Moore,  Brockport,  N.  Y,.,  periodicals 


$3 

00 

35 

00 

32 

50 

15 

00 

4 

00 

5 

87 

16 

75 

3 

60 

2 

25 

4 

50 

6 

37 

22 

00 

2 

50 

21 

50 

7 

50 

251 

62 

SECRETARY'S  FISCAL  REPORT 


71 


Dec.  17. 
Dec.  17. 
Dec.  24. 
Dec.  24. 
Dec.  24. 
Dec.  24. 
Dec.  24. 
Jan.  11. 

Jan.  11. 

Jan.  11. 
Jan.  11. 
Jan.  11. 
Jan.  11. 
Jan.  21. 
Jan.  21. 
Jan.  21. 
Jan.  21. 
Jan.  21. 
Jan.  21. 
Jan.  21. 
Jan.  21. 
Jan.  21. 
Jan.  21. 
Jan.  21. 
Jan.  21. 
Jan.  21. 
Feb.  11. 
Feb.  11. 
Feb.  11. 
Feb.  11. 
Feb.  11. 
Feb.  11. 
Feb.  11. 
Feb.  11. 
Feb.  11. 
Mar.  3. 
Mar. 
Mar. 
Mar. 
Mar. 
Mar. 
Mar. 
Mar. 


Joel  Munsell's  Sons,  Albany,  N.  Y.,  books    . 
G.  E.   Stechert,  New  York  City,  books 
J.  H.  W.  Caoby,  New  Haven,  Connecticut,  books 
George  Harding,  London,  W.  C,  England,  books 
A.  C.  McClurg  &  Co.,  Chicago,  Illinois,  books 
Preston  &  Rounds,   Providence,  R.   I.,  books 
Preston  &  Rounds,   Providence,  R.   I.,  books 
W.    O.    Davie    &    Co.,    Cincinnati,    Ohio,    news 

papers     ....... 

W.    O.    Davie    &    Co.,    Cincinnati,    Ohio,    news 

papers    .  ...... 

George  E.  Littlefield,  Boston,  Mass.,  books 
Henry  Sotheran  &  Co.,  London,  England,  books 
G.  E.   Stechert,  New  York  City,  books 
A.  Walsh,  Chicago,  books     .... 

Amer.  Library  Assn.,  Salem,  Mass.,  publications 
John  W.  Cadby,  Albany,  New  York,  books  . 
C.  L.  Curtis,  Oregon,  Illinois,  pictures 
Mrs.  Joseph  Jones,  New  Orleans,  La.,  books 
A.  C.  McClurg  &  Co.,  Chicago,  books  . 
Joel  Munsell's  Sons,  Albany,  N.  Y.,  books     . 
Joel  Munsell's  Sons,  Albany,  N.  Y.,  books    . 
N.  Y.  History  Co.,  Saratoga  Springs,  N.  Y.,  books 
Thomas  M.  Owen,  Montgomery,  Ala.,  books 
Capt.  W.  C.  Rivers,  West  Point,  N.  Y.,  books 
Collins    Shackelford,    Saugautuck,    Mich.,    books 
R.  G.  Thwaites,  secy.,  Madison,  paid  for  books 
J.  P.  Wintermute,  Delaware,  Ohio,  books  . 
W.  F.  Adams,  Springfield,  Mass.,  books 
A.  A.  Aspinwall,  Washington,  D.  C,  books 
Phileas  Gagnon,  Quebec,  Canada,  books 

F.  W.  Hodge,  Washington,  D.  C,  books     . 

A.  C.  McClurg  &  Co.,  Chicago,  Illinois,  books 
C.  A.  Ogle  &  Co.,  Chicago,  Illinois,  books     . 
Henry  Sotheran  Co.,  London,  England,  books 
A.  Walsh,  Chicago,  Illinois,  books 
C.  E.  Warner,  Minneapolis,  Minnesota,  books 
Mrs.  J.  J.  Arthur,  Austin,  Texas,  book 
Charles  A.  Hanna,  New  York  City,  books 
George  E.  Littlefield,  Boston,  Mass.,  books 
A.  C.  McClurg  &  Co.,  Chicago,  Illinois,  books 
A.  C.  McClurg  &  Co.,  Chicago,  Illinois,  books 
Mrs.  J.  W.  Porter,  Bangor,  Maine,  books     . 
L.  J.  Richards  &  Co.,  Philadelphia,  books     . 

G.  E.  Stechert,  New  York  City,  books 


7  65 
164  75 

4  50 
122  00 

32  28 

7  50 

5  00 

9  00 

17  50 

70  53 

64  50 

139  20 

8  00 

4  00 
3  50 
3  75 

17  00 
21  94 

5  40 
5  40 

12  00 
12  00 

2  50 
5  00 
5  65 

3  00 
82  57 

5  00 
99  00 

3  50 
12  45 

7  50 
81  20 
12  50 

5  00 
3  50 

8  00 

9  00 
3  15 

11  25 

18  00 
5  00 

15  88 


72 


WISCONSIN   HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 


Mar.  3. 
Mar.  3. 
Mar.  3. 
Mar.  11. 
Mar.  11. 
Mar.  27. 
Mar.  27. 
Mar.  27. 
Mar.  27. 
Mar.  27. 
Mar.  27. 
Apr. 
Apr. 
Apr. 
Apr. 
Apr, 
Apr. 
Apr. 
Apr.  17. 
Apr.  17. 
Apr.  17. 
Apr.  17. 
Apr.  17. 
Apr.  17. 
Apr.  30. 
Apr.  30. 
Apr.  30. 
Apr.  30. 
Apr.  30. 
Apr.  30. 
Apr.  30. 
May  15. 
May  15. 
May  15. 
May  15. 
May  15. 
May  15. 
May  15. 
May  15. 
June  9. 
June  9. 
June  9. 
June  9. 
June  9. 
June   9. 


R.  G.  Thwaites,  secretary,  paid  for  books 

C.  E.  Warner,  Minneapolis,  Minnesota,  books 

James  T.  White  &  Co.,  New  York  City,  books 

A.  C.  McClurg  &  Co.,  Chicago,  books 

Mrs.  Jane  D.  Newkirk,  xjS.  Porte,  Indiana,  books 

Samuel  Austen,  Albany,  N.  Y.,  books 

John  W.  Cadby,  Albany,  N.  Y.,  books 

Charles  F.  Libbie,  Boston,  Mass.,  books 

George  E.  Littlefield,  Boston,  Mass.,  books 

L.  W.   Sicotte,   Montreal,  Canada,  books 

Myra  L.  White,  Haverhill,  Mass.,  books 

Amer.  Catholic  Historical  Society,  Phila.,  books 

The  Leader  Company,  Eau  Claire,  map 

G.  E.  Littlefield,  Boston,  Mass.,  books 

A.  C.  McClurg  &  Co.,  Chicago,  111.,  books 

Joel  Munsell's  Sons,  Albany,  N.  Y.,  books 

G.  E.  Stechert,  New  York  City,  books 

A.  Walsh,  Chicago,  books     . 

W.  F.  Adams,  Springfield,  Mass.,  books 

Amer.  Mus.  of  Natural  History,  N.  Y.  City,  books 

Mrs.  Jane  Baldwin  Cotton,  Boston,  Mass.,  books 

Harper  &  Brothers,  New  York  City,  books 

Henry  Sotheran  &  Co.,  London,  England,  books 

R.  G.  Thwaites,  secretary,  paid  for  books 

Library  Bureau,  Chicago,  books 

A.  C.  McClurg  &  Co.,  Chicago,  books 

H.  B.  Meigs,  Baltimore,  Maryland,  books 

Mississippi  Valley  Press,  Chicago,  books 

Joel  Munsell's  Sons,  Albany,  N.  Y.,  books 

Joel  Munsell's  Sons,  Albany,  N.  Y.,  books 

G.  E.  Stechert,  New  York  City,  books 

A.   L.   A.   Pub.    Board,   Boston,   catalogue   cards 

A.  C.  McClurg  &  Co.,  Chicago,  books 

William  H.  Manning,  Ayer,  Mass.,  books 

Joel  Munsell's  Sons,  Albany,  N.  Y.,  books 

Joel  Munsell's  Sons,  Albany,  N.  Y.,  books 

G.  E.  Stechert,  New  York  City,  books 

Reuben  G.  Thwaites,  secretary,  paid  for  books 

George  E.  Warner,  Minneapolis,  Minn.,  books 

Amer.    Statistical   Assn.,   Boston,   publications 

Carswell  Company,  Toronto,  Canada,  books 

A.  H.  Clark  Company,  Cleveland,  Ohio,  books 

Cumulative  Index  Co.,  Cleveland,  publications 

German-Amer.  Hist.  Soc,  Chicago,  publications 

Joel  Munsell's  Sons,  Albany,  N.  Y.,  books 


8  88 

17  40 

8  00 
41  65 

7  00 

2  75 
13  50 

3  15 

9  45 
87  00 

5  00 

2  00 

3  00 
9  25 

31  23 

6  08 

39  90 

3  50 

4  53 
6  00 

3  12 
25  00 

204  00 

8  11 

4  00 

5  64 

6  00 

6  00 

40  05 
5  40 

538  47 

4  42 

9  92 

8  00 

18  23 

9  00 
53  67 
17  35 

7  70 

2  00 

19  35 

5  40 

5  00 

3  00 

6  30 


SECRETARY'S  FISCAL  REPORT 


/O 


June    9.  George  A.  Ogle  &  Co.,  Chicago,  books 

Jr.ne    9.  So.    Histor.  A.ssn.,  Washington,  D.  C,  publications 

June    9.  R.  G-.  Thwaites,  secy.,  paid  for  books 

June    9.  Henry  D.  Tyler,  New  York  City,  maps 

June    9.  George  E.  Warner,  Minneapolis,  Minn.,  books 

June   9.  L.  F.  Wilbur,  Jericho,  Vermont,  books 

June  28.  A.  S.  Clark,  i.ew  York  City,  books     . 

June  28.  G.  E.  Littlefleld,  Boston,  Massachusetts,  books 

June  28.  A.  C.  IvicClurg  &  Co.,  Chicago,  books 

June  28.  S.  B.  Weeks,  Santa  Fe,  New  Mexico,  books 


7 

50 

s       3 

00 

18 

55 

7 

25 

10 

50 

4 

50 

5 

00 

35 

33 

35 

15 

8 

50 

$2,999 

69 

74 


WISCONSIN   HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 


REPORT  OF  GREEN  BAY  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY 

During'  tlie  past'  year  the  Green  Bay  TTistorical  Society  has 
contiiiiiod  to  prosper ;  its  iMCinhcrshi})  has  heen  materially  in- 
creased, interest  in  the  work  of  the  society  continues,  and  as 
the  result  of  the  combined  efforts  of  the  members  considerable 
information  of  historical  valne  has  been  secured  and  preserved. 

Several  interesting  articles  have  been  prepared  and  read  be- 
fore the  society.  In  a  paper  on  "The  Astor  House,"  Miss  Fanny 
Last  traced  entertainingly  the  history  of  the  first  tavern  of  any 
pretensions  erected  in  Green  Bay.  Connected  as  it  was  with 
the  early  commercial  development  of  this  locality  bj  the  com- 
pany of  which  John  Jacob  Astor  was  the  head,  when  Gr^en  Bay 
was  as  large  or  larger  than  the  Chicago  of  that  day,  it  was  con- 
sidered by  travellers  tlie  best-appointed  and  most  comfortable 
inn  of  the  period  in  the  ]^orthwest.  The  history  of  the  build- 
ing is  therefore  especially  interesting  and  instructive.  Around 
it  centered  the  social  and  political  life  of  Green  Bay.  Within 
its  walls  Prince  de  Joinville  held  the  much-discussed  interview 
with  Eleazar  Williams,  the  self-proclaimed  "lost  dauphin."  In- 
deed, so  im]X)rtant  had  the  hoiTse  become  in  the  business  and  so- 
cial life  of  the  place,  that  every  citizen  of  Green  Bay  felt  that 
a  personal  loss  had  been  sustained  when  the  building  was  de- 
stroyed by  fire  in  1857. 

Mrs.  A.  C.  i^eville  read  a  much-enjoyed  paper  on  "Tlie  Lost 
Dauphin,"  discussing  the  now  well-known  histx)ry  of  Eleazar 
Williams  and  his  claims  to  the  throne  of  France, 

Mrs.  Tallmadge,  of  Sheboygan,  very  kindly  loaned  to  the  so- 
ciety the  picture  of  Eleazar  Williams  left  by  him  with  her 
mother,  while  Williams  was  at  Sheboygan  on  his  last  trip  to 
New  York,  shortly  before  his  death.  She  also  prepared  and 
sent  with  the  picture  a  ])aper  giving  the  facts  connected  with  it, 
and  many  interesting-  incidents  in  Williams's  life. 

"The  Stone  Tower  Light  House,"  at  the  entrance  to  Green 
Bay  harbor,  was  treated  by  Mr.  T.  P.  Silverwood.     Tlie  history 


GREEN    BAY    SOCIETY 


75 


of  the  old  ligh.t^  still  standing,  though  dismantled,  awakened  the 
interest  of  all  the  members,  to  whom  the  stnicure  is  a  familiar 
object. 

On  August  30,  the  annual  pilgi'image  of  the  society  was 
made  by  boat  to  Little  Sturgeon.  About  eighty  members  and 
their  friends  took  the  trip,  and  joined  in  the  examination  of  the 
remains  of  the  Indian  village  and  burial  ground  at  that  place. 
Many  Indian  relics  were  found  and  preserved.  Delightful 
weather  and  congenial  company  added  to  the  interest  and  en- 
tliusiasm  of  the  participants,  and  made  the  trip  a  most  delight- 
ful one. 

At  the  annual  meeting  in  August,  Judge  E.  H.  Ellis,  who  has 
been  our  honored  president  since  the  organization  of  the  society, 
declined  a  re-election,  and  Mr.  A.  C.  Xeville  was  unanimously 
chosen  to  the  position. 

The  interest  shown  l)y  the  members  in  the  society  assures  its 
future  success.  The  work  outlined,  if  successfully  carried  out, 
will  result  in  the  preservation  of  nuich  valuable  information 
concerning  the  early  history  of  Green  Bay,  De  Pere,  and 
vicinity. 

B.  L.  Parkek, 

Secretary. 
Green  Bay,  December  1,  1U02. 


7^ 


WISCONSIN   HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 


GIVERS  OF  BOOKS  AND  PAMPHLETS 
[including  duplicates] 


Givers. 


Adams,  J.  G.,  Hayward     . 

Alabama  convict  bureau,  Montgomery 

Alaska  executive  office,  Sitka 

Allen,  Miss  Katharine,   Madison 

Allen,  Mrs.  Margaret  A.,*  Madison 

Ambauen,  A.  G.,  Dodgeville     . 

American  antiquarian  society,  Worcester,  Mass. 
anti-vivisection  society,  Philadelphia 
congregational  association,  Boston  . 
historical  association,  Washington,  D.  C 
museum  of  natural  history,  N.  Y. 

Amherst  (Mass.)  college 

Ancient  order  united  workmen,  Fond  du  Lac 

Anderson,  L.  A.,  Madison 

Andover  (Mass.)  theological  seminary 

Andrews,  Byron,*  Washington,  D.  C. 

Andrews,  Frank  D.,  Vineland,  N.  J. 

Angell,  G.  R.  &  Co.,  Madison     . 

Appleton,  William  S.,  Cambridge,  Mass 

Argentine  Republic  oficina  demografica  nacional 

Arnold,  H.  C,  Helena,  Mont.  .. 

Ashland  Monday  club 

Atkinson,  Edward,  Brookline,  Mass. 

Atlanta  (Ga.)  city  clerk  . 

Austin,  O.  P.,  Washington,  D.  C.      . 

Augustana  college  library.  Rock  Island,  111 


Babcock,  J.  W.,  Necedah 

Bain,  James,  Jr.,  Toronto 

Baird,  J.  H.,  Nashville     . 

Baker,  Miss  Florence  E.,  Madison   . 

Balch,  Thomas  W.,  Philadelphia 

Baldwin  locomotive  works,  Philadelphia 

Baltimore  board  of  trade 

city  library     . 

and  Ohio  r.  r.  co.,  relief  dept.,  Relay,  Md 
Barber,  James  H.,  Milwaukee  . 
Barron  county  board  of  supervisors 
Batchellor,  Albert  S.,  Littleton,  N.  H. 
Battin,  L.  W.,  N.  Y. 
Bayfield  county  board  of  supervisors 
Beach,  Horace,  Prairie  du  Chien  . 
Beach,  William  H.,  Milwaukee 
Beckwith,  A.  C.  &  E.  S.,*  Elkhorn  . 
Beer,  William,  New  Orleans  . 
Belgium  academie  royale  d'archaeologie,  Anvers 
Belgium,  ministre  des  chemins  de  fer,  postes  et  tele 
graphes,  Brussels 


2 

42 

1 


Pam- 
phlets. 


1 
32 


*A1&0  unbound  serials, 


GIVERS  OF  BOOKS  AND  PAMPHLETS 


71 


Givers. 

Books. 

Pam- 
phlets. 

Bell,  S.  R.,  Milwaukee 

1 

Beloit  college  ........ 

1 

Benedict,  A.  L.,  Chicago  ...... 

1 

Bennett,  S.  B.,  Pittson,  Pa 

1 

Benton,  Charles  R.,  La  Crosse           .... 

6 

Berlin  konigliche  museen         ..... 

1 

Berliner  gesellschaft  fiir  anthropologic,   ethnologie 

und  urgeschichte           ...... 

2 

Blair,  Miss  Emma  H.,  Madison       .          .          . 

i 

14 

Boston  associated  charities     ..... 

1 

athenaeum  ....... 

1 

board  of  overseers  of  the  poor 

1 

chamber  of  commerce           .... 

3 

children's  aid  society  ..... 

2 

children's  institutions  dept. 

1 

city  auditor         ...... 

2 

department  of  municipal  statistics 

12 

7 

Hale  house  association         .... 

. 

1 

home  for  aged  women          .... 

1 

Lincoln  house       ...... 

, 

2 

public    library      ...... 

2 

transit  commission       ..... 

1 

Bowditch,  Charles  P.,  Cambridge,  Mass.  . 

i 

Bowdoin  college  library,  Brunswick,  Me. 

. 

3 

Bracken,  H.  M.,  Minneapolis  ..... 

1 

Bradley,  Harry  E.,  Madison     ..... 

3 

Bradley,  I.  S.,  Madison     ...... 

6 

15 

Bradt.  H.  H.  G.,  Eureka 

1 

Bragdon,  Mrs.  Harry  W.,  Bridgewater,  Mass.  . 

1 

Bready,  Mrs.  John  E.,  Dubuque,  la.           ... 

1 

British  patent  office,  London  .          .          .          .          . 

154 

Brooklyn  public  library  .          .          .          .          . 

3 

Brown,  Mrs.  C.  N.,*  Madison  ..... 

Brown,  David  H.,  West  Medford,  Mass.  . 

2 

Brown,  Ralph  D.,  Rhinelander         .... 

1 

Brown,  W.  F.,  Beloit       .          .          .          . 

2 

Brown  university.  Providence,  R.  I. 

1 

Bruncken,  Ernest,  Milwaukee           .... 

32 

Brussels  societe  d'archaeologie         .... 

1 

Brymner,  Douglas,  Ottawa       ..... 

3 

, 

Bryant,  Edwin  E.,  Madison       ..... 

,            , 

10 

Bryant,  H.  W.,  Portland,  Me 

. 

3 

Buffalo  historical  society          ..... 

1 

mayor           ....... 

, 

7 

merchants  exchange    ..... 

11 

public  library       ...... 

1 

Buffalo  county  board  of  supervisors 

1 

Bunker  hill  monument  association,  Boston 

i 

. 

Burdick,  Mrs.  Maria  B.,  Madison      .... 

12 

Bureau  of  American  republics,  Washington,  D.  C.     . 

3 

i 

Burlington  (Iowa)  free  public  library     . 

1 

Burrows  brothers,  Cleveland   ..... 

2 

. 

Butler,  James  D.,  Madison       ..... 

7 

♦Also  unbound  serials. 


78 


WISCONSIN   HISTORICAL   SOCIETY 


Givers. 

Books. 

Pam- 
phlets. 

Cairns,  William  B.,  Madison 

1 

Caldwell,  Augustine,  Ipswich,  Mass. 

1 

Calhoun   (Ala.)   colored  school         .... 

i 

California  department  of  state,  Sacramento     . 

31 

2 

insurance  commissioner,  San  Francisco  . 

southern  historical  society,  Los  Angeles 

Cambridge    (Mass.)    city  clerk         .... 

1 

public  library  .... 

Campbell,  John,  Milwaukee     ..... 

Canada  auditor  general,  Ottawa       .... 

2 

department  of  agriculture,  Ottawa 

1 

geological  survey,!  Ottawa 

1 

patent  office,  Ottawa  . 

3 

Carleton  college.  Northfield,  Minn.  .... 

Carnegie  free  library,  Atlanta,  Ga.  .... 

free  library,  Bradford,  Pa.           ... 

free  library,*  Pittsburgh  .... 

Casgrain,  P.  B.,  Quebec  ...... 

Catlin,  Miss  L.  E.,*t  Elizabeth,  N.  Y.       . 

6 

88 

Caxton  club,  Chicago       ...... 

2 

Cedar  Rapids  (la.)  free  public  library     . 

. 

Chamberlain,  Daniel  H.,  Boston       .... 

. 

Charleston  (S.  C.)  mayor         ..... 

1 

. 

Chase,  L.  B.,  Sturbridge,  Mass.        .... 

4 

Chicago  board  of  education       ..... 

i 

board  of  trade     .         .         .         ... 

1 

. 

board  of  trustees  of  sanitary  district 

2 

bureau  of  associated '  charities   . 

. 

2 

historical    society         ..... 

2 

literary  club        ...... 

1 

Milwaukee  &  St.  Paul  r.  r.  co.,  Milwaukee  . 

5 

public  library     ...... 

2 

56, 

university             ...... 

1 

4: 

and  Northwestern  r.  r.  co.,  Chicago  . 

6-  ~ 

Chickering  &  Sons,  Boston       ..... 

1- 

Chippewa  county  board  of  supervisors     . 

3 

Christiansen,  Otto,  Hayward   ..... 

i 

Church  temperance  society,  N.  Y.   . 

i 

Churchill,  Herman,  Madison   ..... 

7 

Cincinnati  chamber  of  commerce    .... 

18 

city  auditor   ...... 

5 

museum  association        .... 

i 

public  library          ..... 

1 

13 

Clark,  Mrs.  Darwin,  Madison  ..... 

2 

. 

Clarke,  The  Robert  company,  Cincinnati 

1 

Cleveland  chamber  of  commerce       .... 

1 

. 

city  clerk         ...... 

4 

public  library 

i 

Coates,  Mrs.  Julia  B.,  Mystic,  Conn. 

. 

1 

Cole,  George  W.,  N.  Y 

1 

Colonial  dames,  North  Carolina  society,  Wilmington 

i 

Colorado  state  board  charities  &  correction,  Denver 

i 

state  board  of  equalization,  Denver  . 

. 

1 

university,  Boulder  .         .         . 

•    • 

1 

*Also  unbound  serials, 
t  Also  maps. 


GIVERS  OF  BOOKS  AND  PAMPHLETS 


79 


Givers. 


Books. 


Pam- 
phlets. 


Columbia  university,  N.  Y.       . 

Columbus    (O.)    city  clerk 

public  school  library 

Comstock,  G.  C.,*  Madison. 

Conant,  William  C,  N.  Y. 

Concord   (Mass.)  antiquarian  society 

Concordia  college,  Milwaukee 

Congregational  library,  Boston 

Connecticut  bureau  of  labor  statistics,  Hartford 
historical  society,  Hartford  . 
Inspector  of  factories,  Hartford 
insurance  dept.,  Hartford     . 
railroad  commissioner,  Hartford 
secretary   of   state,   Hartford 
state  library,   Hartford 

Cordes,  Hermann!  &  co.,  Hamburg,  Germany 

Costa  Rica  instituto  fisico-geografico,  San  Jose 

Council  Bluffs  (Iowa)  free  public  library 

Courtenay,  William  A.,  Newry,  S.  C. 

Cousino,  Seiior  F.,  Madrid,  Spain     . 

Cox,  John  H.,  Lexington,  Mass. 

Cudmore,   P.,  Faribault,   Minn. 


Daniells,  W.  W.,  M'adison 

Dante  society,  Cambridge,  Mass. 

Danvers   (Mass.)    Peabody  institute  library 

Dartmouth  college,  Hanover,  N.  H. 

Daughters  of  American  Revolution,  Chicago  chapte 

Davenport  (Iowa)  academy  of  sciences  . 

Davies,  E.  H.,  Portland,  Me.  . 

Davies,  Joseph  E.,  Watertown 

Davis,  Andrew  M.,  Cambridge,  Mass. 

Dayton  (0.)  public  library 

Dean,  C.  &  Bradley,  Chicago  . 

Delaware  secretary  of  state,  Dover  . 

Democrat  printing  co.,*  Madison     . 

Democratic  congr.  committee,  Washington,  D 

Denson,  C.  B.,  Raleigh,  N.  C.  . 

Denver  public  library       .... 

Depew,  Chauncey  M.,  Washington,  D.  C. 

Des  Moines  (Iowa)  public  library     . 

Detroit  city  clerk     ..... 
public  library       .... 

Deutschen   kolonialgesellschaft,   Berlin,   Germany 

Dewick,  Mrs.  Sarah  A.,  Dorchester,  Mass. 

Dilg,  Carl,  Chicago  ..... 

Dimock,  Mrs.  S.  W.,  N.  Y.       . 

Dionne,  N.  E.,  Quebec     .... 

District  of  Columbia  board  of  education,  Wash, 
commissioners,   Washington 
health  department.  Wash, 
supt.  of  charities.  Wash. 

Dodd,  W.  E.,  Ashland,  Va 

Door  county  board  of  supervisors  . 


5 
1 
1 
10 
3 
1 
1 
116 


11 

i 


24 
9 

12 
1 


2 

13 

2 

1 

1 
1 
3 

2 

i 

430 

3 
1 

2 
4 

i 
1 


4 
14 


♦Also  unbound  serials. 


So 


WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    toOCIETY 


Givers. 


Pam- 
phlets. 


N.  J. 


Douglas  county  board  of  supervisors 
Dover  (N.  H.)  public  library  . 
Dowd,  Jerome,  Madison  .... 
Draper  library,  Madison  .... 
Drew  theological  seminary  library,  Madison, 
Drexel  institute,  Philadelphia 
Duane,  C.  W.,  Cambridge,  Mass. 
Duluth  board  of  trade       .... 
city  clerk     ..... 
Dye,  Mrs.  Eva  Emery,  Seattle,  Wash. 


East  St.  Louis  (111.)  public  library 

East  Vvaterloo   (lowa)  board  of  education 

Eau  Claire  public  library 

Edmunds,  Albert  J.,  Philadelphia     . 

Egypt  exploration  fund,  London 

Ely,   Richard   T.,   Madison 

Ely,  Warren  S.,  Doylestown,  Pa. 

Emmons,  S.  F.,  Washington,  D.  C.  . 

Engle,  George  B.,  jr.,  Chicago 

Enoch  Pratt  free  library,*  Baltimore 

Erichson,  John,   Superior 

Essex  institute,  Salem,  Mass.  . 

Esty,  C.  C,  Framingham,  Mass. 

Evanston    (111.)    historical  society   . 


Farmer,  Silas  A.  &  Co.,  Detroit 

Farmington    (Conn.)    village  library  company 

Fay,  L.   M.,   Madison 

Fernald,  John  S.,  Belfast,  Me. 

Field  Columbian  museum,  Chicago  . 

Filson  club,  Louisville,  Ky. 

First  national  bank,  Chicago  . 

Fish,  Carl  R.,  Madison     . 

Fish,  Stuyvesant,  N.  Y.   . 

Fond  du  Lac  county  board  of  supervisors 

Foote,  Henry  L.,  Marblehead,  Mass. 

Forbes  library,   Northampton,  Mass. 

Fosdick,  Mrs.  Mary  R.,  Philadelphia 

Foster,  Miss  Mary  S.,*  Madison 

Fowle,  John  A.,  Boston   . 

Frankenburger,  Mrs.  D.  B.,*  Madison 

Franklin   institute,   Philadelphia 

Fricke,  William  A.,  N.  Y. 

Furst,  Mrs.  A.  G.,  Bellefonte,  Pa.     . 


Gagnon,   Phileas,   Quebec 
Galbreath,  C.  B.,  Columbus,  O. 
Garrison,  Francis,  Boston 
Gates,  Marvin  J.,  Clinton,  la.  . 
Gattiker,  Miss  Emma,  Baraboo 
Geddes,  James,  Boston    . 


3 

76 


14 


1 
15. 


1 
1 
2 
1 
1 
51 
3 
3 
1 
1 
1 
1 
1 
2 


1 

6 

192 

1 

2 


♦Also  unbound  seriars. 


GIVERS  OF  BOOKS  AND  PAMPHLETS 


8l 


Givers. 


Pam- 
phlets. 


Georgetown  university,  Washington,  D.  C. 
Georgia  historical  society,  Savannah 

prison  commission,  Atlanta 

university,  Athens 
Goodwin,  James  J.,  Hartford,  Conn. 
Goodwin,  Mrs.  Jennie  J.  B.,  Minneapolis 
Gooliin,  F.  \V.,  Chicago   .... 
Gorham,  HeniT  S.,  Brooklyn  . 
Gould,  S.  C,  Manchester,  N.  H.       . 
Grafton,  Charles  C.  Fond  du  Lac   . 
Grand  Rapids  (Mich.)   board  of  education 
Great  Britain  government,  London  . 
Greeley  (Colo.)  W.  T.  K.  club 
Green,  C.  R.,  Lyndon,  Kans.    . 
Green,   Samuel  A.,  Boston 
Green,  Samuel  B.,  St.  Anthony  Park,  Minn. 
Green,  Samuel  S.,  Worcester,  Mass. 
Green  Bay,  Kellogg  public  library  . 
Green  Lake  county  board  of  supervisors  . 
Greene,  Gardiner,  Norwich,  Conn.   . 
Green,  Howard,*  Milwaukee    . 
Greenwood,  Isaac,  N.  Y.  . 
Gregory,  Charles  N.,  Iowa  City,  la.  . 
Greve,  Charles  T.,  Cincinnati  . 
Grosvenor   librarj%    Buffalo 
Grove,  William  E.,  Madison     . 


Hackensack   (N.  J.)   Johnson  public  library* 

Hadley,  E.  D.,  Des  Moines,  la. 

Haile,  Mrs.  William  H.,  Springfield,  Mass. 

Hale,  George  W.,  Deadwood,  S.  Dak. 

Hale,  Ledyard  P.,  Canton,  N.  Y. 

Hallam,  Mrs.  Julia  C,  Sioux  City,  la. 

Hanson,  J.  C.  M.,  Washington,  D.  C. 

Hantke's  brewers'   schopl,   Milwaukee 

Harbert,  A.  N.,  Shellsburg,  la. 

Harper,  Miss  Blanchard,*  Madison 

Harris.  Edward  D.,  N.  Y. 

Hart,  A.  B.,  Cambridge,  Mass. 

Hart,  Miss  Louise,  Janesville  . 

Hartford  (Conn.)  board  of  trade 

city  clerk   . 

mayor 

public   library  * 

theological  seminary 
Harvard  university,  Cambridge,  Mass. 
Haskins,  Charles  H.,  Cambridge,  Mass. 
Hastings,  S.  D.,*  Green  Bay   . 
Haverhill   (Mass.)   mayor 

public  library 
Hawkes,  Nathan  M.,  Lynn,  Mass. 
Hayes,  Charles  W.,  Geneva,  N.  Y. 
Helena  (Mont.)   public  library 


1 
155 


1 
43 

2 

1 
1 


23 

2 
2 


1 

2 
27 

3 
1 

1 

2 

12 

1 


• 

2 

1 

2 

1 

2 

2 

1 

1 

1 

2 

6 

2 

1 

4 

i 

9 

i 

1 

1 

•   •  1 

i 

3 

2 

7 

141 

145 

286 

1 

. 

,            , 

2 

2 

•      .      1 

4 

.      .      1 

1 

♦Also  unbound  serials. 


82 


WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 


Givers. 


Pam. 
phlets. 


Hennighausen,  F.  T.,  Baltimore 
Herbermann,  C.  G.,  N.  Y.        . 
Hesperian  literary  society,  Madison 
Higginson,  Thomas  W.,  Cambridge,  Mass. 
Hillyer,  Edwin,  Waupun 
Hinkley,  L.  D.,  Waupun  .... 
Hixon,  Herbert  N.,  West  Medway,  Mass.  . 
Hobbs,  William  H.,  Madison     . 
Holls,  F.  W.,  Yonkers,  N.  Y.   . 
Hopkins,  Anderson  H..  Chicago 
Hosmer,   James  K.,   Minneapolis 
Hoxie,  Mrs.  Vinnie  R.,  St.  Paul 
Howard,  George  E.,  Cambridge,  Mass. 
Howard  association,  London   . 
Hutchinson,  Thomas  M.,  Winchester,  Mass. 
Hutchinson,  Thomas  M.,  Winchester,  Mass. 
Huxley,  H.  E.,  Neenah     .... 


Idaho  department  of  state,  Boise   , 

state  librarian,  Idaho  City     . 

Illinois  association  opposed  to  the  extension  of  suf 

frage  to  women,  Chicago 

auditor  of  public  accounts,  Springfield 

bureau  of  labor  statistics,   Springfield 

inspector  of  factories  &  workshops,  Chicago 

masonic  home  for  the  aged,  Chicago  . 

railroad    &    warehouse    comm.,    Springfield 

secretary  of  state,   Springfield    . 

state  historical  society,  Springfield     . 

university,    Champaign 

Immigration  restriction  league,  Boston   . 

Independent  order  of  good  templars,  grand  lodge  of 

Wisconsin,  Waupaca     ..... 
Independent  order  oddfellows,  Wis.   dept.   Baraboo 
Indian  rights  association,   Philadelphia  . 
Indiana  board  of  state  charities,  Indianapolis 

state  library,  Indianapolis 
Indianapolis  board  of  trade   .         . 
Interstate  commerce  commission,  Washington,  D.  C 
Iowa  auditor  of  state,  Des  Moines  . 

board  of  railroad  commissioners,  Des  Moines 
bureau  of  labor  statistics,  Des  Moines  . 
geological  survey,  Des  Moines 
historical  society,  Des  Moines 
state  library,  Des  Moines 
state  normal  school.  Cedar  Falls     . 
state  university,   Iowa  City    . 
Iowa  county  board  of  supervisors    . 
Ipswich  (Mass.)  historical  society  . 
public   library 


Jackson,  Luis,  Chicago 
James,  C.  L.,  Chicago 


2 
1 

1 

12 
4 


18 

9 
3 
1 
1 

1 


13 
2 

i 

1 

7 

i 
1 
1 
1 

2 
1 
1 
1 


1 
6 

2 
4 
4 
1 

14 
1 

12 


3 
2 
G 

2 

4 

37 


GIVERS  OF  BOOKS  AND  PAMPHLETS 


^3 


Givers. 

Books. 

Pam- 
phlets. 

Jastrow,  Joseph,*  Madison       ..... 

41 

80 

.Jenks,  Albert  E.,  Washington,  D.  C. 

1 

2 

Jersey  City  (N.  J.)   free  public  library 

T 

John  Crerar  library,  Chicago  . 

5 

Johns  Hopkins  university,   Baltimore 

i 

Johnson,  John  A.,*  Madison    . 

52 

49 

Judd,  A.  Cary,  Racine     . 

5 

Kansas  historical  society,  Topeka  .         ... 

2 

1 

secretary  of  state,  Topeka  . 

10 

4 

state  library,  Topeka  . 

3 

. 

university,  Lawrence  . 

2 

Kansas  City  (Mo.)  city  comptroller 

1 

Kellogg,  Miss  Louise  P.,  Madison     . 

1 

Kerr,  Alexander,  Madison 

1 

Kerr,  Charles  H.  &  co.,  Chicago 

5 

Kewaunee  county  board  of  supervisors 

4 

Kimball,  Herbert  W.,  Boston  . 

1 

King,  Charles,  Milwaukee 

2 

King,   Horatio  C,   Brooklyn    . 

. 

5 

Kney,  Otto,*  Madison 

12 

Krackowizer,  E.  W.,  Milwaukee 

i 

Kremers,  Edward,  Madison 

i 

1 

La   Crosse  board    of  trade      ..... 

4 

La  Fayette  county  board  of  supervisors  . 

4 

Laflin,  Mrs.  Helen  M.,  Milwaukee     . 

3 

Lake  Mohonk  arbitration  conf.,  Lake  Mohonk,  N.  Y 

2 

Lake  Superior  mining  institute,  Ishpeming,  Mich. 

1 

Lancaster  county  historical  society,  Lancaster,  Pa. 

4 

Lane,  William  C,  Cambridge,  Mass. 

1 

Langford,  Nathaniel  P.,  St.  Paul     . 

1 

Larson,  L.  M.,  Madison   .... 

3 

1 

Laval  university,  Quebec 

2 

Lawrence  university,  Appleton 

1 

Lawson,  Publius  V.,  Menasha  . 

2 

Lea,  J.  Henry,  Boston       .... 

3 

Legal  Intelligencer,   Philadelphia     . 

i 

Legler,  Henry  E.,*  Milwaukee 

250 

581 

Leinigingen-Westerburg,  K.  E.  graf  zu.  Municl" 

I,  Ger 

5 

Leipziger,  Henry  M.,  N.  Y.      . 

1 

Leland  Stanford,  jr.  university,  Palo  Alto,  Cal 

1 

Lentell,  J.  N.,  Denver       .... 

2 

1 

Lewis  institute,  Chicago  .... 

1 

Library  of  congress,  Washington,  D.  C.  . 

4 

1 

Lincoln,  Francis  H.,  Boston     . 

1 

Lindsay,  Arthur  H.,  Milwaukee 

2 

Lindsay,  Crawford,  Quebec 

20 

2 

Lindsay,  I'abbe  L.  St.  G.,  Quebec     . 

1 

Lippincott,  J.  B.  &  co.,  Philadelphia 

i 

Lomax,  Tennent,  Montgomery,  Ala. 

1 

I^ondon,   Eng.,    town    clerk 

3 

.    . 

*Also  unbound  serials. 


84 


WISCONSIN   HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 


Givers. 

Book..       X. 

Los  Angeles  (Cal.)  board  of  trade  .... 

7 

city  auditor       .... 

2 

public  library    .... 

1 

Louisiana  historical  society,  New  Orleans 

2 

purchase  exposition  company,  St.  Louis  . 

1 

secretary  of  state.  Baton  Rouge 

1 

state    superintendent   of    public    instruc- 

tion, Baton  Rouge        .... 

^ 

> 

state  university  &  agricultural  &  mechan- 

ical college.  Baton  Rouge     . 

1 

Louisville  (Ky.)  mayor 

[ 

5           .      . 

Lowell  (Mass.)  city  library*    . 

] 

L           .      . 

Lowry,  Thomas,  Minneapolis  ..... 

1 

Liibeck  naturhistorisches  museum  .         .         .         . 

1 

McClure,  Phillips,  &  co.,  N.  Y 

1 

McCormick,  R.  L.,  Hayward    ..... 

J 

McKinney,  Mrs.  Thomas,  Berlin       .... 

2 

McMahon,  Joseph  H.,  N.  Y.       . 

3 

Madison  city  water  department       .... 

1 

electric  railway  company  .... 

5 

general   hospital        ..... 

3 

literary  club     ...... 

8 

park  &  pleasure  drive  association 

1            2 

public  schools   ...... 

1 

Maffitt,  Mrs.  John  N.,  Wilmington,  N.  C. 

2 

Maine  adjutant  general,  Augusta     .... 

; 

1 

bureau     of     labor     &     industrial,    statistics, 

Augusta     ....... 

department  of  vital  statistics,  Augusta 

1 

. 

general  hospital,  Portland     .... 

1 

state  reform  school.  South  Portland     . 

] 

L                 1 

Mallet,  Bdmond,  Washington,  D.  C. 

] 

L                 2 

Manchester   (N.  H.)   public  library* 

2 

Manitoba  government,   Winnipeg     .... 

I 

historical  and  scientific  society,  Winnipeg 

3 

Manitowoc  county  board  of  supervisors  . 

1 

Marathon  co.  training  school  for  teachers,  Wausau 

2 

Marquette  college,  Milwaukee           .... 

1 

Marshall,  Samuel,  Milwaukee           .... 

2 

Marshall,  W.  S.,  Madison         ..... 

L           •      • 

Maryland  board  of  state  aid  and  charities.  Bait. 

1 

bureau  of  industrial  statistics,  Baltimore 

historical  society,  Baltimore    . 

2        '    i 

Massachusetts  board  comm.   savings  banks,  Boston 

, 

2           . 

board  of  education,  Boston 

•      • 

board  of  gas  and  electric  light  com- 

missioners, Boston    .... 

L 

board  prison  commissioners,   Boston 

L 

board  r.   r.  commissioners,  Boston   . 

!           . 

bureau  of  statistics  of  labor,  Boston 

2 

civil  service  commission,  Boston 

. 

1 

general  hospital,  Boston   . 

1 

♦Also  unbound  serials. 


GIVERS  OF  BOOKS  AND  PAMPHLETS 


Givers. 


Books. 


Pam- 
phlets. 


Massachusetts  historical  society,  Boston 

2 

horticultural  society,  Boston     . 

.      • 

4 

humane  society,  Boston 

1 

institute  of  technology,  Boston 

i 

insurance   commissioner,   Boston 

2 

metropolitan   park   comm.,    Boston    . 

1 

secretary  of  state,  Boston 

6 

single  tax  league,  Boston  . 

2 

state  auditor,  Boston 

i 

state  board  of  conciliation  and  arbi- 

tration, Boston       .... 

1 

state  board  of  charity,  Boston  . 

1 

state  board  of  health,  Boston     . 

1 

state   lunatic   asylum,   Taunton 

i 

tax  commissioner,  Boston 

4 

. 

total  abstinence  society,  Boston 

1 

Matthews,  Albert,  Boston         ..... 

6 

Meany,  E.  S.,  Seattle,  Wash 

2 

3 

Merrick,  George  B.,  Madison  ..... 

1 

1 

Merrell,  B.  D.,  Superior  ...... 

2 

Merrill,  Fred  W.,  Amesbury,   Mass. 

i 

Methodist  episcopal  church.   West   Wis.   conference 

1 

Mexico  direccion  general  de  estadistica,  Mexico 

4 

Meyer,  A.  B.,  Dresden,  Germany     .... 

1 

Meyer,  B.  F.,  Madison     ...... 

2 

3 

Meyer,  Ernest  C,  Madison       ..... 

1 

,            , 

Meyer,  L.  J.  F.,  Jefferson         ..... 

, 

1 

Michigan  adjutant  general,  Lansing 

1 

auditor  general,  Lansing 

1 

bu.  labor  &  industrial  statistics,  Lansing 

2 

college  of  mines,  Houghton 

2 

commissioner  of  railroads,  Lansing 

i 

dairy  and  food  commission,  Lansing 

.    • 

44 

state  board  of  health,  Lansing 

11 

state   library,    Lansing      .... 

37 

69 

university,  Ann  Arbor      .... 

2 

2 

Middlebury  college,  Middlebury  Vt. 

1 

Military  Order  Loyal  Legion  U.  S., 

California   commandery      .... 

53 

Colorado    commandery        .... 

8 

Iowa  commandery      ..... 

13 

Missouri   commandery         .... 

25 

Ohio  commandery      ..... 

39 

Oregon   commandery            .          .          . 

1 

Wisconsin  commandery       .... 

."      .' 

17 

Miller,  W.  S.,*  Madison 

Milton  college           ....... 

i 

Milwaukee  board  of  city  service  commissioners 

2 

board  of  school  directors 

lO 

chamber  of  commerce     .... 

i 

Deutsche  gesellschaft     .... 

2 

orphan  asylum       ..... 

1 

public  library         ..... 

1 

Sentinel           ...... 

i 

, 

county  board  of  supervisors  . 

1 

*  Also  unbound  serials. 


86 


WISCONSIN   HISTORICAL   SOCIETY 


Givers. 

Books, 

Pam- 
phlets. 

Miner,  Mrs.  S.  M.  Madison 

1 

Miner,  Sidney  R.,  Wilkes-Barre,  Pa. 

2 

Minnesota  bureau  of  labor,  St.  Paul 

i 

chief  fire  warden,  St.  Paul     . 

1 

department  of  state,  St.  Paul  . 

12 

. 

railroad  &  warehouse  comm.,  St.  Paul 

1 

state  board  of  health,  St.  Paul 

8 

9 

university  library,  Minneapolis 

1 

. 

valley  historical  society,  St.  Paul    . 

•      • 

2 

Minneapolis  chamber  of  commerce 

1 

city  clerk     ..... 

7 

Mississippi  board  of  control,  Jackson 

i 

railroad  commission,  Jackson 

1 

Missouri  botanical  garden,  St.  Louis       .          . 

i 

insurance  department,  Jefferson  City 

1 

i 

r.  r.  &  warehouse  comm.,  Jefferson  City 

1 

secretary  of  state,  Jefferson  City 

14 

university,   Columbia 

3 

Montana  executive  office,  Helena     . 

1 

historical  library,*  Helena 

7 

Montreal  city  clerk          .... 

3 

Moore,  F.  W.,  Nashville,  Tenn. 

i 

Moore,  J.  W.,  Easton,  Pa. 

2 

Morehead,  James  M.,  Greensboro,  N.  C.     . 

i 

Morgans,  J.  T.,  Lancaster 

3 

Morris,  Charles   M.,   Milwaukee 

9 

Morris,  Howard,  Milwaukee     . 

3 

Morris,  Robert  C,   Cheyenne,   Wyo. 

2 

Morris,  W.  A.  P.,  Madison 

„ 

i 

Morris,  Mrs.  W.  A.  P.,  Madison 

1 

6 

Morton,  Mrs.  Jennie  C.,  Frankfort,  Ky.    . 

1 

Mount  Holyoke  college,  South  Hadley,  Mass. 

1 

Mowry,  Duane,*  Milwaukee     . 

11 

Munro,  Dana  C.,  Madison 

26 

33 

Murphy,  J.  C,  Madison     .... 

2 

Nantucket  historical  association,  Nantucket,   Mass. 

3 

Nashua   (N.  H.)    public  library*      .... 

National  association  of  wool  manufacturers,  Boston 

i 

civic  federation,  N.  Y.       . 

i 

educational  association,  Winona,  Minn. 

i 

1 

home  for  disabled  volunteer  soldiers,  N.  Y 

3 

municipal  league,  Philadelphia  . 

2 

rivers  and  haroors  congress,  Boston  . 

i 

1      •      • 

temp,   society  &  publication   house,   N.  Y 

2 

Nebraska  deputy  commission  of  labor,  Lincoln 

i 

historical  society,  Lincoln 

3 

university  library,  Lincoln 

1 

Nelson,  Julius,  Trenton,  N.  J. 

2 

Netherwood,  Harry,  Madison  . 

1         15 

Nevada  secretary  of  state,  Carson  City     . 

1      •      • 

2 

state  university,  Reno           .         .         .         .  |     .      . 

2 

New  Bedford  (Mass.)  free  public  library* 

3 

♦  Also  unbound  serials. 


GIVERS  OF  BOOKS  AND  PAMPHLETS 


87 


Givers. 


New 
New 

New 
New 


New 
New 


New 
New 


England  society  in  the  city  of  New  York 

historic  genealogical  society,  Boston 

society  of  Cincinnati,  Cincinnati 

Hampshire  insurance  commissioner,  Concord  . 

railroad  commissioner,  Manchester 

secretary  of  state,  Manchester 

scate  board  of  agriculture.  Concord 

Haven   (Conn.)    public  library* 

colony  nistorical  society.  New  Haven 
Jersey  adjutant  general,  Trenton     . 

bureau  of  statistics  of  labor  and  Indus 

tries,  Trenton    .... 
comptroller  of  the  treasury,  Camden 
dept.   banking  and   insurance,   Trenton 
state  board  of  assessors,  Trenton  . 
state  bd.  children's  guardians,  Trenton 
state  board  of  taxation,  Trenton 
state  charities  aid  association,  Trenton 
state  librarian,   Trenton 
state  treasurer,  Trenton 
London  co.  hist,  society,  New  London,  Conn 
Orleans  board  of  civil  service  commissioners 
board  of  trade     .... 
charity  organization  society 
city  comptroller 
South  Wales  government  statistician,  Sydney 
York,  city,  Aguilar  free  library 

children's  aid  society  . 
department  of  finance  . 
evening  post  .... 
gen.  and  biographical  society 
home  for  incurables,  Fordham 
mercantile  library 
society  for  the  reformation  of  ju 
venile  delinquents 
university  club  library* 
state,  banking  department,  Albany 
board  of  charities,  Albany 
board  of  health,  Albany 
bd.  mediation  and  arbitra.,  Albany 
board  of  tax  commissioners,  Albany 
bureau  of  labor  statistics,  Albany 
catholic  protectory,  N.  Y. 
chamber  of  commerce,  N.  Y.  . 
civil  service  commission,  Albany 
college  of  forestry,  Ithaca 
department  of  labor,  Albany  . 
governor,  Albany  . 
historical  association,  Albany 
historical  society,  N.  Y. 
institution    for   the    instruction    of 

the  deaf  and  dumb,  N.  Y.     . 
library,  Albany 

railroad  commissioners,  Albany 
secretary  of  state,  Albany     . 
state  bd.  tax  comm.,   Albany 
superintendent  of  banks,  Albany 


10 
1 
1 


10 
2 
3 


1 
5 
1 
1 
2 
4 
2 
1 
13 


4 

i 

2 

1 

101 

2 
2 

8 


♦Also  unbound  serials, 


WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 


Givers. 


Pam- 
phlets. 


New  Zealand   printing  and   stationery   department, 
"Wellington 
registrar  general,  Wellington 
Newark   (N.  J.)   city  clerk 

free  public  library* 
Newberry  library,  Chicago 
Newcomb,  H.  T.,  Philadelphia  . 
Newspapers  and  periodicals  received  from  the  pub 
lishers       ...... 

Niagara  historical  society,  Niagara,  Canada 
Niagara  Falls  public  library     . 
North  Adams  (Mass.)   public  library 
North  Carolina  board  of  public  charities,  Raleigh 
bur.  of  labor  and  printing,  Raleigh 
department  of  state,  Raleigh  . 
historical  society.  Chapel  Hill 
North  Dakota  agricultural  experiment  station,  Agri 
cultural  College 
secretary  of  state,  Bismarck 
state  examiner,   Bismarck 
Northwestern  university,  Evanston,  111.  . 
Noyes,  Frank  E.,  Marinette 
Nunns,  Miss  Annie  A.,  Madison 


Oak  Park  (111.)   board  of  education 
Oakley,  Miss  Minnie  M.,  Madison     . 
Oberlin  (O.)  college  library     . 
Ohio  adjutant  general,  Columbus     . 
auditor  of  state,  Columbus 
board  of  state  charities,  Columbus 
bureau  of  labor  statistics,  Columbus 
comm.  of   railroad   and  telegraphs,   Columbus 
historical  and  philosophical  society,  Cincinnati 
state  bar  association,  Columbus 
state  board  of  arbitration,  Columbus 
state  university  library,  Columbus 
Oklahoma  executive  office,  Guthrie 
Old  colony  historical  society,  Taunton,  Mass.    . 
Omaha  board  of  trade     .         .         . 

public  library        ...... 

Oneida  historical  society,  Utica,  N.  Y.     . 
Ontario  bureau  of  colonization  and  forestry,  Toronto 
bureau  of  mines,  Toronto     .... 

department  of  agriculture,  Toronto     . 
department  of  asylums,  prisons,  and  public 
charities,  Toronto     ..... 

department  of  neglected  and  dependent  chil- 
dren, Toronto  ...... 

education  department,  Toronto    . 
institution  for  the  blind,  Brantford     . 
institution  for  the  deaf  and  dumb,  Belleville 
Oregon  historical  society,  Portland 

secretary  of  state,  Salem       .... 

state  insane  asylum,  Salem 


353 


41 

i 

1 


5 
2 

17 
2 
1 

13 
1 
8 

25 
1 


1 

26 

29 

25 

4 

2 

2 


♦Also  unbound  serials. 


GIVERS  OF  BOOKS  AND  PAMPHLETS 


89 


Givers. 

Books. 

Pam- 
phlets. 

Ostenson,  Lewis,  Alderley         ..... 

1 

Osterhout  free  library*  Wilkes-Barre,  Pa.         .          .  ' 

2 

Otjen,  Theo.,  Washington,  D.  C 

•      • 

8 

Page,  Mrs.  Harriet,  Melrose,  Mass. 

1 

Paine,  Nathaniel,  Worcester,  Mass.  .... 

. 

1 

Palmer,  C.  J.,  Lanesborough,  Mass. 

2 

Parkinson,  J.  B.,*  Madison      ..... 

i 

43 

Paterson  (N.  J.)  free  public  library* 

. 

Paul,  E.  J.,  Milwaukee     ...... 

3 

.      . 

Peabody  (Mass.)   historical  society 

1 

Peabody  institute,  Baltimore  ..... 

i 

1 

museum  of  American  archaeology  and  eth- 

nology, Cambridge,  Mass. 

2 

1 

Peace  association  of  friends,  Philadelphia 

1 

Peck,  George  W.,  Milwaukee     ..... 

i 

Peck,  Thomas  B.,  Walpole,  N.  H 

i 

Peckham,  George  E.,  Milwaukee       .... 

5 

. 

Pedrick,  S.  M.,  Ripon       .          .          .          . 

1 

. 

Peirce,  J.  F.,  Milwaukee  ...... 

1 

Penafiel,  Antonio,  Mexico          ..... 

9 

7 

Pennsylvania  banking  department,  Harrisburg 

1 

bu.    of   indust.    statistics,    Harrisburg 

1 

bureau  of  railways,  Harrisburg  . 

4 

historical  society,  Philadelphia 

i 

prison  society,  Philadelphia 

1 

sec.    of    internal    affairs,    Harrisburg 

2 

society  of  New  York,  N.  Y. 

1 

2 

state  board  of  health,  Harrisburg 

2 

state  library,  Harrisburg    . 

38 

university,  Philadelphia 

3 

2 

department  of 

history 

2 

Peoria   (HI.)    public  library     . 

1 

Perkins,  George  D.,  Sioux  City,  Iowa 

1 

Perkins   institution    and    Massachusetts 

school    for 

the  blind,  Boston 

1 

Perry,  W.  W.,  Milwaukee 

11 

4 

Philadelphia  board  of  public  charities 

2 

board  of  trade     . 

25 

i 

city  institute 

1 

city  controller     . 

i 

commercial  exchange 

1 

i 

free  library 

8 

mayor 

3 

municipal  league 

3 

Philippi,  L.  P.,  La  Crosse 

2 

Phillips,  P.  Lee.    ..ashington,  D.  C. 

2 

Phillips,  U.  B..  Madison  . 

i 

Pierce  county  board  of  supervisors 

' 

• 

1 

Pike,  Frederic,  A.,  St.  Paul     . 

2 

Pittsburgh  city  controller 

• 

5 

Pittsfield  (Mass.)  Berkshire  athenaeum* 

Portage  county  board  of  supervisors 

i 

♦Also  unbound  serials. 

7 


90 


WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 


Givers. 


Pam- 
phlets. 


Portland  (Ore.)   library  association* 

Porto  Rico  secretary,    San  Juan 

Prentis,  Edward,  New  London,  Conn. 

Presbyterian  church  general  assembly,  Philadelphia 

Price  county  board  of  supervisors 

Prince  society,  Boston 

Princeton   (N.  J.)   university  . 

Protestant  Episcopal  church  in  the  United  States 

diocese  of  Albany 

diocese  of  Arkansas 

diocese  of  Central  Pennsylvania 

diocese  of  Chicago 

diocese  of  Colorado  . 

diocese  of  Connecticut 

diocese  of  Fond  du  Lac     . 

diocese  of  Georgia    . 

diocese  of  Los  Angeles 

diocese  of  Massachusetts  . 

diocese  of  Minnesota 

diocese  of  New    Hampshire 

diocese  of  Rhode  Island    . 

diocese  of  West  Virginia  . 

diocese  of  Western  Michigan 

domestic  and  foreign  missionary  society,  N.  Y 
Providence   (R.   I.)    athenaeum 
city   clerk 
public  library 
Public  policy  publishing  co.,  Chicago 
Putnam,  F.  W.,  Cambridge,  Mass.   . 


Quebec  commissioner  of  public  works     . 
Queensland   (Australia  ) geographical  society  . 
Quinabaug  historical  society,  Southbridge,  Mass. 


Racine  county  board  of  supervisors 

Rattermann,  H.  A.,  Cincinnati 

Raymer,   George,*   Madison 

Reinsch,  Paul  S.,*  Madison 

Reynolds  library,  Rochester,  N.  Y.  . 

Rhode  Island  board  of  state  charities  &  corrections 
Providence 
commissioner  of  public  schools,  Prov 
factory  inspectors.  Providence   . 
railroad  commissioners.  Providence 
secretary  of  state.  Providence   . 

Rice,  F.  P.,  Worcester,  Mass.  .... 

Richman,  Irving  P.,  Muscatine,  la.  . 

Robbins,  Mrs.  J.  H.,  Hingham,  Mass. 

Robinson,  H.  E.,  Maryville,  Mo. 

Rochester  (N.  Y.)   chamber  of  commerce 
university 

Roebling,  Mrs.  Washington  A.,  Trenton,  N.  J.  . 


1 
1 
13 
3 
1 


♦Also  unbound  serials. 


GIVERS  OF  BOOKS  AND  PAMPHLETS 


91 


Givers. 


Pam- 
phlets. 


Rood,  H.  W.,  Madison     . 

Rosengarten,  J.  G.,  Philadelphia     . 

Roy,  Pierre  Georges,  Levis,  Canada 

Royal  geographical  society  of  Australia,  Queensland 

Royal  society  of  Canada,  Ottawa     . 

Rud..,  Malcolm,  Lakeville,  Conn. 

Ruggles,  Henry  S.,  Wakefield,  Mass. 

Runke,  Richard,  Madison 

Russell,  H.  S.,  Pittsfield,  Mass. 


St.  Croix  county  board  of  supervisors 
St.  Louis  academy  of  science  . 

city  clerk 

mercantile  library    . 

merchants  exchange 

public  library  . 
St.  Olaf  college,  Northfield,  Minn.   . 
St.  Paul  city  clerk  .... 
Salem   (Mass.)   public  library 
Salter,  William,  Burlington,  la. 
San  Francisco  chamber  of  commerce 
San  Jose    (Cal.)   public  library*     . 
Sargent,  F.  B.,  Madison  . 
Sawyer,  Mrs.  Edgar  P.,  Oshkosh     . 
Scanlon,  Charles  M.,  Milwaukee 
Schafer,  Joseph,  Eugene,  Ore.  . 
Schaper,  William  A.,  Minneapolis   . 
Schneider,  John,  Kaukauna     . 
Scranton  (Pa.)   board  of  trade 
public  library 
Seattle  (Wash.)   chamber  of  commerce 

mayor   . 
Seymour,  Miss  L.,*  Madison    . 
Shawano  county  board  of  supervisors 
Sheboygan  county  board  of  supervisors 
Sheldon,  C.  S.,  Madison  . 
Shepard,  F.  J.,  Buffalo  .  .         l. 

Shinn,  Charles  H.,  Berkeley,  Cal. 
Shipley,  Frank  C,  Oakland,  Cal. 
Simons,  A.  M.,  Chicago  . 
Smith,  B.  F.,  De  Pere     . 
Smith,  Mrs.   Emily  B..   Amesbury,   Mass. 
Smithsonian  institution,  Washington,  D.  C. 
Snow,  B.  W.,  Madison     . 
Somerville   (Mass.)   public  library* 
Sons  of  the  American  revolution, 
Ohio  society,  Newark 
Pennsylvania  society,  Philadelphia 
South  Carolina  huguenot  society,  Charleston 
South  Dakota  secretary  of  state,  Pierre 
Spencer,  Robert  C,  Milwaukee 
Spencerian   business  &   shorthand   college,    Milw. 
Spooner,  John  C,  Madison       .... 


40 
1 


1 
1 

13 
7 
3 

2 
3 


25 


1 
13 

2 
1 
4 
1 

i 

1 
19 


4 
9 
2 

2 
2 

i 
1 

86 

i 

2 
9 

i 

2 


♦Also  unbound  serials. 


92 


WISCONSIN   HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 


Givers. 

Books. 

Pam- 
phlets. 

Springfield  (Mass.)  city  library*     .... 

1 

Standish,  Myles,  Boston  . 

1 

Starr,   Frederick,   Chicago 

, 

2 

Stevens,  B.  J.,  Madison  . 

6 

, 

Steward,  J.  H.,  Chicago  . 

, 

1 

Stewart,  I.  N.,*  Milwaukee     . 

,           , 

Stewart,  Miss  Mary,  Milwaukee 

3 

. . 

Stout,  J.  H.,  Menomonie  . 

2 

. 

Stuntz,  Stephen  C,  Washington,  D. 

C. 

1 

. 

Swain,  S.  G.,  Winona,  Minn.   . 

, 

1 

Swett,  Charles  E.,  Boston 

2 

Syracuse  (N.  Y.)  public  library 

i 

1 

Tanner,  Herbert  B.,*  Kaukauna       .... 

32 

Temperance  truth  bureau,  N.  Y.       . 

5 

Tennessee  bu.  labor  statistics  &  mines,  Nashville  . 

2 

historical  society,  Nashville     . 

. 

i 

state  board  of  charities,  Nashville  . 

,         , 

2 

university   record,  Knoxville 

1 

valley  historical  society,  Huntsville 

1 

Texas  department  of  eaucation,  Austin  . 

. 

5 

secretary  of  state,  Austin     .... 

4 

. 

superintenuent  of  public  instruction,  Austin 

5 

,           , 

Thornton,  Richard  H.,  Portland,  Ore. 

1 

Thwaites,   R.  G.,   Madison       ..... 

25 

63 

Thwaites,   Mrs.   R.  G.,  Madison        .... 

9 

Ticknor,  Elizabeth  G.,  Madison        .... 

i 

, 

Tilden,   W.   S.,   Medfield,   Mass 

2 

Tilton,  Asa  C.,*  Madison         ..... 

11 

Toronto  public  library    .         . 

2 

Towle  manufacturing  co.,  Newburyport,  Mass. 

i 

2 

Tripp,  J.  B.,  Fond  du  Lac 

2 

True,  Henry,  Marion,  0.  . 

, 

1 

Tucker,  H.  B.,  boston 

1 

,            , 

Turner,  F.  J.,  Madison   .         .         .         . 

•    • 

2 

Union  veteran  legion  of  the  United  States,  Wash- 

ington, D.  C. 

, 

1 

United   States  army         ...... 

6 

board  of  Indian  commissioners 

3 

bureau  of  education 

4 

5 

bureau   of  ethnology 

2 

. 

bureau   of  navigation 

1 

bureau  of  statistics  . 

3 

census   office 

1 

, 

civil  service  commission 

3 

, 

coast  &  geodetic  survey 

5 

1 

commissioner  of  internal  revenue    . 

1 

commissioner-general     of     immigra- 

tion        

1 

commissioner  of   railroad 

Is 

4 

• 

♦Also  unbound  serials. 


GIVERS  OF  BOOKS  AND  PAMPHLETS 


93 


Givers. 

Books. 

Pam- 
phlets. 

United  States  department  of  agriculture 

19 

49 

department  of  the  interior 

27 

33 

department  of  justice 

10 

department  of  labor 

5 

6 

department  of  state    .... 

1 

4 

general  land  office  t    .... 

1 

geological  survey  t      .... 

12 

11 

government  board  of  Tennessee  cen- 

tennial   exposition 

1 

government  printing  office 

1 

9 

Indian  bureau    ..... 

1 

life-saving  service       .... 

1 

light-house  board        .... 

1 

military  academy,  West  Point   . 

30 

navy  department         .... 

2 

patent  office       ..... 

66 

post-office  department 

4 

1 

secretary  of  senate     .... 

3 

superintendent  of  documents     . 

254 

317 

superintendent  of  Indian  schools 

1 

supervising  general  steamboat  inspec- 

tion service     ..... 

5 

surgeon  general's  office 

3 

3 

treasury  department  .... 

25 

14 

war    department         .... 

54 

34 

Universite  de  Toulouse,  France       .... 

1 

Unknown          ........ 

'   10 

Upham,  Warren,  St.  Paul         ..... 

1 

Upsala,  Sweden,  Kongl.  universitets-biblioteket 

i 

Uruguay   direccion   general    de   estadistica,   Monte- 

video     ........ 

2 

2 

Usher,  Ellis  B.,  La  Crosse       .          .          '. 

61 

81 

Utah  secretary  of  state.  Salt  Lake  City  . 

1 

. 

Van  Kleeck,  Frank,  Poughkeepsie,  N.  Y.  . 

1 

Van  Meter,  B.  F.,  Lexington,  Ky.    .... 

1 

Vermont  adjutant  general,  Fairlee  .... 

1 

governor,    Montpelier          .... 

1 

state  library,  Montpelier  .... 

7 

5 

state  prison,  Windsor         .... 

1 

university,  Burlington       .... 

1 

1 

Vernon,   T.   H.,   Hillsboro 

2 

Verwyst,  Chrysostom,  Ashland         .... 

i 

. 

Vicksburg  national  military  park  commission,  Wash- 

ington, D.  C 

1 

Vilas,  Mrs.  Edward,  Milwaukee       . 

i 

Vilas,  William  F.,  Madison 

4 

Virginia  bu.  labor  &  industrial  statistics,  Richmond 

2 

university,  Charlottesville 

•     • 

2 

W.  L.  C,  Washington,  D.  C 

1 

Wahlstatt,  P.  Otto  Jeron  de,  Appleton    . 

i 

•      • 

tAlso  maps. 


94 


WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 


Givers. 

Books. 

Pam- 
phlets. 

Ware,  Horace,  Boston      ..... 

1 

Warner,  George  E.,  Minneapolis 

2 

8 

Warren  county  library,*  Monmouth,  111.  . 

Warvelle,  George  W.,  Chicago  . 

2 

Washington,  D.  C,  board  of  trade  . 

7 

Washington  secretary  of  state,  Olympia  . 

2 

Washington  county  board  of  supervisors 

i 

Watertown   (Mass.)   free  public  library  . 

1 

Watson,  B.  F.,  N.  Y 

i 

Waukesha  county  board  of  supervisors  . 

i 

Webb,  W.  W.,  Nashotah  .... 

12 

Welch,  Thomas  v.,  Niagara  Falls,  N.  Y.  . 

1 

Wellesley    (Mass.)    college 

1 

Wesleyan  university,  Middleton,  Conn.     . 

2 

West  Virginia  geological   survey,   Morgantown 

2 

secretary   of   state,   Charleston 

2 

Wheeler,  Miss  Harriet,  Beloit  .... 

i 

White,  Frank  A.,  Ripon  .... 

3 

White,  Miss  May  L.,  Madison  . 

1 

White  &  Warner,  Hartford,  Conn.   . 

1 

Whitman  college,  Walla  Walla,  Wash.     . 

i 

Wight,  Mrs.  H.  K.,  Indian  Orchard,  Mass. 

i 

Willers,  Diedrich,  Fayette,  N.  Y.     . 

1 

Williams,  Charles  H.,  Baraboo 

16 

Williams,   Sidney,*   Milwaukee 

. 

Williams  college,  Williamstown,   Mass.    . 

1 

1 

Wilson,  George  G.,  Providence,  R.  I. 

2 

Wilson,  James   S.,   Merrill 

4 

Wisconsin  audubon  society,  Madison 

2 

bank  examiner,  Madison 

i 

. 

bd.   of  reg.   of  normal  schools,   Madisor 

7 

cheese  makers'  association,  Madison 

2 

, 

dairymen's  association,*    Ft.  Atkinson 

1 

free    library    commission,    Madison 

240 

294 

geolog.  &  natural  hist,   survey,  Madisor 

1               1 

humane  society,   MilwauKee    . 

4 

insurance  commissioner,  Madison  . 

3 

national  guard,  Madison 

i 

natural  history  society,  Milwaukee 

3 

pharmaceutical   association,    Chilton 

21 

republican  league,  Milwaukee 

10 

state        .          

15 

state  bar  association,  Madison 

1 

state  board  of  dental   examiners,   Mani 

-   1 

towoc            ..... 

1 

state  board  of  health,  Milwaukee   . 

1 

state     cranberry     growers'     association 

, 

Cranmoor     ..... 

2 

state  epworth  league,  Appleton 

3 

state  federation  of  women's  clubs  . 

1 

state  historical  society   . 

2 

3 

state  library,   Madison    . 

142 

483 

state  medical  society,  Madison 

1 

state  normal  school.  River  Falls    . 

i 

Whitewater 

1 

*Also  unbound  serials. 


GtVERS  OF  BOOKS  AND  PAMPHLETS 


9^ 


Givers. 


Books. 


Pam- 
phlets. 


Wisconsin  state  superintendent,  Madison 

3 

46 

state  tax  commission,  Madison 

21 

university,  Madison          .... 

6 

•      • 

agricultural   exp.    station 

1 

9 

young  men's  christian  association,  Milw. 

6 

Woman's  board  of  missions  of  the  interior,  Chicago 

1 

Woman's  christian  temp,  union,  Evanston,  III. 

5 

8 

Woman's  christian  temperance  union  of  Wisconsin, 

Baraboo        ........ 

1 

Woodnorth,  J.  H.,  Milwaukee  ..... 

. 

4 

Worcester  county  law  library,  Worcester,  Mass. 

. 

1 

Wright,  A.  G.,  Milwaukee       ..... 

50 

Wright,  C.  B.  B.,  Milwaukee 

1 

Wright.  H.  W..  Petersburg,  Mich 

1 

Wright,  Samuel   S.,  Tipton,   Iowa   .... 

6 

. 

Wright,  Stephen  M.,  N.  Y 

1 

. 

Wyman,  W.  H.,  Omaha  ...... 

1 

5 

Wyoming  state  board  of  charities  &  reform,  Chey- 

enne     ....... 

.      . 

7 

university,  Laramie          .... 

' 

2 

agricultural    experiment    sta- 

tion, Laramie 

, 

14 

Wyoming  commemorative  assn.,   Wilkes-Barre,   Pa. 

1 

hist.  &  geological  soc,  Wilkes-Barre,  Pa. 

i 

Yale  university.  New  Haven,  Conn.  .         .  ~      . 

1 

2 

Young,  Allyn  A.,  Madison       ..... 

1 

1 

♦Also  unbound  serials. 


^6  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 


MISCELLANEOUS  GIFTS 

Manuscripts 

Mrs.  Henry  I.  Bliss,  La  Crosse. — A  large  collection  of  field  and  note 
books,  printed  and  manuscript  county  and  township  plats,  and  printed 
and  manuscript  maps  and  atlases,  chiefly  of  western  Wisconsin  and 
Minnesota.  These  were  chiefly  the  work  of  the  late  Henry  I.  Bliss, 
who  settled  in  La  Crosse  in  1856,  was  for  many  years  city  and  county 
surveyor,  and  for  forty-one  years  civil  engineer  and  real  estate  dealer 
in  that  city.     The  collection  is  of  considerable  historical  value. 

Simon  Gratz,  Philadelphia. — Forty-five  autograph  letters  of  various 
persons. 

John  N.  Jewett,  Chicago. — Nine  commissions  and  other  documents, 
dated  1826-1852,  appertaining  to  the  judicial  and  military  services  of 
the  late  John  H.  Rountree,  in  Michigan,  Illinois,  and  Wisconsin. 

John  Luchsinger,  Monroe. — Journeyman's  passport,  Switzerland, 
1853-1862,  with  vises  of  authorities  of  different  cities. 

Edmoncl  Mallet.  Washington,  D.  C. — Letter  (French)  of  Father 
Felix  Martin,  S.  J.,  to  John  G.  Shea,  dated  Aug.  19,  1852,  concerning 
Father  Jacques  Marquette;  letter  of  Emilia  R.  Hooe,  to  Major  Mallet, 
undated,  concerning  alleged  "false  statements"  made  in  Wis.  Hist. 
Calls.,  ix,  relative  to  her  father,  Joseph  Roulette,  of  Prairie  du  Chien. 

Mrs.  John  Robinson.  New  London. — Verses  descriptive  of  Madison, 
written  by  Mrs.  Robinson  about  1850. 

Sam  J.  Ryan,  Appleton. — Poll  list  of  Howard  township,  of  election 
held  Oct.  5,  1835,  at  home  of  J.  Porlier.  The  names  were  written  in  by 
Sam  Ryan,  Jr.,  then  11  years  old. 

B.  F.  Smith,  De  Pere. — Paper  read  at  celebration  of  50th  anniversary 
of  First  Presbyterian  church,  De  Pere. 

Miss  Ida  M.  Street.  Milwaukee. — Eleven  documents,  letters,  accounts, 
etc.  (1813-1839),  of  Gen.  Joseph  M.  Street,  U.  S.  agent  of  Winnebago 
Indians,  at  Prairie  du  Chien,  Wis.,  and  Agency  City,  Iowa. 

Herbert  B.  Tanner,  Kaukauna.— Package  of  account  books,  letters, 
and  miscellaneous  papers  (1838-1901)  of  interest  in  local  history  of 
Kaukauna. 

Miss  Elizabeth  Ticknor,  Madison  (loan). — Two  documents  (May  19, 
1747,  and  Nov.  27,  1758)  illustrating  existence  of  the  slave  trade  in 
Boston. 

Frank  B.  Yan  Yalkenburg,  Milwaukee. — Act  of  legislature  of 
Georgia,  Nov.  7,  1807,  with  seal  of  state;  copy  of  constitution  of  Con- 
federate States,  aated  Feb.  8,  1861,  certified  under  seal  of  secretary  of 


MISCELLANEOUS  GIFTS 


97 


state,  Confederate  States  of  America;  U.  S.  certificate,  time  of  John 
Tyler;  the  same,  under  Martin  Van  Buren;  deed  signed  by  Solomon 
Juneau;  letter  written  by  Solomon  Juneau  to  Waldo  and  Ody  in  1854; 
commission  to  Albert  Grant,  signed  by  Alexander  Randall  and  L.  P. 
Harvey;  autograph  of  Thomas  A.  Hendricks;  autograph  letters  from 
William  L.  Marcy,  governor  of  New  York  in  1834,  Alexander  M. 
Stephens  (1836),  Benjamin  F.  Butler,  Horace  Greeley,  N.  P.  Willis, 
William  H.  Seward,  Lewis  Cass,  and  Herschel  V.  Johnson. 

T.  H.  Vernon,  Hillsboro. — In  re  John  Green  Hall:  a  certificate  of  his 
birth,  Feb.  12,  1812;  two  apprentice  indentures  to  his  father,  to  learn 
the  surgeon's  art,  July  14,  1828. 

Printed  Matter 

Mrs.  Elizabeth  Ester,  Waukesha. — Martin  Luther's  version  of  Ger- 
man Bible,  as  translated  in  1522  and  1534 — published  at  Nuremberg, 
1700. 

&'.  G.  Messmer.  Green  Bay. — Copy  of  Washington   (D.  C.)   Gazette. 

G.  W.  Hazelton.  Miluaukee. — Facsimile  of  the  Boston  Gazette 
(March  12,  1770,  Oct.  19,  1816),  with  letter  from  Fort  Howard,  and 
speech  of  Winnebago  chief.  Smoker. 

M7-S.  W.  A.  P.  Morris,  Maiison. — Prayer  book  taken  at  battle  of 
Chancellorsville  from  knapsack  of  a  dead  Confederate  soldier  (Oswald 
Ford,  Co.  H,  129th  Va.),  by  Capt.  Charles  D.  Grannis,  44th  N.  Y.  inf. 

Mrs.  John  Robinson,  New  London. — Invitation  to  Odd  Fellows'  ball, 
Madison,  Oct.  17,  1856;  printed  resolutions  of  Indiana  and  Illinois 
Union  Temperance  Company,  en  route  to  California  gold  field.  May  7, 
1850. 

Dr.  H.  B.  Tanner,  Kaukauna. — Five  circulars,  bearing  upon  Repub- 
lican politics  in  Wisconsin,  1900-1901. 

Mrs.  W.  C.  Tewkesbury,  Waupaca. — Facsimile  of  Ulster  County 
Gazette,  Jan.  4,  1800. 

Frank  B.  Yan  Valkenburg,  Milwaukee. — Miscellaneous  Confederate 
papers. 

Bonds,  Etc. 

Mrs.  John  Robinson,  New  London. — Four  bills  and  notes,  New  York, 
1853-54. 

Charles  H.  Ross.  Milwaukee. — Bond  of  the  Irish  republic  (Fenian) 
for  ten  dollars  (1865). 

Miss  Elizabeth  Ticknor,  Madison.— Two  lottery  tickets  (Aug.,  1761, 
and  June,  1765),  showing  popular  methods  then  in  vogue  in  Boston 
and  elsewhere  in  the  colonies,  to  raise  money  for  public  purposes. 

Frank  B.  Van  Valkenburg,  Mihvaukee. — Bond  of  La  Crosse  &  Mil- 
waukee R.  R.  Co.  for  $500. 


pg  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 

Badges 

Unknoion. — Badge-medal  for  committee  on  reception,  for  Prince 
Henry  of  Prussia,  Milwaiiliee,  March  4,  1902;  button-hole  badge  for 
American  Bankers'  Association,  Milwaukee,  1901. 

Oil  Paintings 

George  B.  Hopkins,  New  York. — Of  battle  near  Santa  Ana,  Manila, 
February  5,  1899,  between  U.  S.  troops  and  native  insurgents.  Painted 
by  the  celebrated  Russian  artist,  Verestchagin.  Size  of  canvas,  50  by 
71  inches. 

Mrs.  Hugh  J.  McGrath,  Eau  Claire. — Of  Maj.  Hugh  J.  McGrath, 
U.  S.  A. — born  in  Fond  du  Lac,  1856;  died  from  wound  in  Philippines, 
Nov.  7,  1899.     Artist,  W.  J.  Baer,  New  York. 

Henry  H.  Morgan,  Madison,  executor  of  estates  of  Dr.  and  Mrs.  J.  E. 
Davies,  deceased. — Copy  of  Carlo  Dolce's  "Mater  Dolorosa,"  from  Bor- 
ghese  gallery,  Rome;  copy  of  Maratta's  "Christ,"  from  "Baptism  of 
Christ"  in  S.  Maria  degli  Angelo,  Rome. 

Mis.  8.  U.  Pinney,  Madison.— Of  the  late  Justice  S.  U.  Pinney,  of 
the  Wisconsin  supreme  court,  by  James  R.  Stuart,  Madison. 

I 
Photographs 

Charles  K.  Adams,  Redlands,  Calif. — Of  Redlands,  looking  towards 
the  south-west;  of  part  of  Five-Mile  Drive  in  Smiley's  Park,  Redlands, 
Jan.  1,  1902;  winter  view  in  England's  Park,  Redlands,  Jan.  1,  1902; 
of  avenue  of  pepper  trees  in  front  of  Casa  Loma  Hotel,  Redlands;  of 
Redlands  Public  library;  of  Mrs.  Charles  Kendall  Adams. 

Mrs.  Charles  K.  Adams,  Redlands,  Calif. — Twenty  scenes  in  the  Alps. 

Mrs.  W.  T.  Pugh,  Madison. — Of  Wisconsin  senate,  1889. 
who  located  at  Kenosha  in  1835;  born  at  Clinton,  N.  Y.,  in  1803,  died 
in  Minnesota,  1884. 

W.  H.  Casson,  Hennepin,  III. — Pottawattomie  chief  Shaubena;  from 
a  photograph  of  him  taken  at  Hennepin,  111.,  shortly  before  his  death. 

Reuben  T.  Durrett,  Louisville,  Ky. — Of  a  replica  of  Chester  Hard- 
ing's oil  portrait  of  Daniel  Boone,  in  possession  of  giver;  of  relics  of 
Daniel  Boone,  also  in  his  possession. 

Arnold  L.  Gesell,  Madison. — Group,  framed,  of  pioneers  of  Buffalo 
county. 

C.  C.  Lincoln,  Madison. — Of  "Old  Abe." 

Edmond  Mallet,  Washington,  D.  C. — Two  of  Ducharme  homestead, 
at  Kaukauna,  Wis.,  built  in  1792. 

Mrs.  W.  T.  Pugh,  Madison. — Of  Wisconsin  senate,  1889. 

B.  J.  Stevens,  Madison. — Of  proclamation  of  Governor  Fletcher,  of 
Pennsylvania,  April  29,  1893. 


MISCELLANEOUS  GIFTS 


99 


R.  G.  Thwaites,  Madison. — Of  Daniel  Boone,  from  original  oil  por- 
trait by  Chester  Harding,  now  in  possession  of  the  artist's  grandson, 
William  H.  King,  Winnetka,  111.;  of  Daniel  Boone's  letter  to  his  sister- 
in-law,  Sarah  Boone  (Oct.  19,  1816),  giving  his  religious  views;  of 
plaster  cast  (in  society's  museum)  of  Daniel  Boone's  skull,  made  when 
remains  were  removed  from  Missouri  to  Kentucky;  of  Daniel  Boone's 
bake-kettle,  and  his  brother  Israel's  powder-horn  (in  society's 
museum) ;  of  oil  painting  by  unknown  artist  (in  Draper  collection, 
society's  library),  of  site  of  Daniel  Boone's  house  upon  the  Yadkin 
River,  N.  C. ;  of  handwriting  of  Daniel  Boone;  of  Audubon's  portrait 
of  Boone,  in  the  Kentucky  historical  rooms;  of  Daniel  Boone's  mon- 
ument in  cemetery  at  Frankfort,  Ky. ;  of  Brewster  autograph  in  pos- 
session of  society;  of  Fourth  Lake,  near  Madison;  of  the  Wisconsin 
river,  near  Helena;  of  a  bayou  on  the  Wisconsin  river;  of  Daniel 
Whitney,  from  oil  painting  in  society's  museum;  of  Gov.  James  D. 
Doty,  from  oil  painting  in  society's  museum;  of  Maj.  Gen.  David  Hun- 
ter, from  engraving  in  society's  museum;  of  Waumegesako  (The 
Wampum),  from  oil  painting  in  society's  museum;  of  Gov.  Henry 
Dodge,  from  oil  painting  in  society's  museum;  of  Joseph  M.  Street, 
Indian  agent  at  Prairie  du  Chien;  of  La  Hontan's  map  of  Jesuit  mis- 
sion at  Mackinac;  of  Prescott  gun,  used  in  King  Philip's  war,  in  the 
society's  museum.  « 

Purchased. — Of  the  lieutenant-governor  and  administrators  of  Upper 
Canada,  1792-1841,  and  Ontario,  1867-1902;  also,  governors-general  of 
United  Canada  under  the  union  act,  1841-67 — taken  from  the  gal- 
lery of  paintings  in  the  Government  House,  Toronto,  in  May,  1902; 
fifteen  scenes  on  Rock  River,  near  Oregon,  111. 

Miscellaneous  Pictures 

Byron  Andrews,  Washington,  D.  C. — Fort  Bridger,  from  a  pen  and 
ink  sketch  made  in  1849  by  Lieut.  Albert  G.  Brockett,  U.  S.  A. 

Miss  Florence  E.  Baker,  Madison. — One  hundred  thirteen  mounted 
wood-cut  portraits. 

John  K.  Fish,  Milwaukee. — Steel  engraving  of  Hon.  John  T.  Fish. 

J.  J.  Stoner,  Madison. — Bird-eye  lithographs  of  Asheville,  N.  C,  and 
Muscoda,  Barton,  Marshall,  Lone  Rock,  Viroqua,  Lake  Geneva,  and 
Stoughton,  Wis. 

R.  G.  Thwaites,  Madison. — Daguerreotype  of  bridge  across  Fox 
River,  Oshkosh,  1856,  taken  for  Mitchell  &  Osborn's  History  of  Winne- 
bago Co.,  Wis. 

N.  B.  Van  Slyke,  Madison. — Pencil  sketch  of  Col.  Elmer  E.  Ellsworth 
(1837-61),  of  the  famous  Ellsworth  Zouaves;  drawn  by  himself,  in 
1858,  at  Madison,  and  presented  by  him  to  present  giver. 


lOO  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 

Historical  Relics 

Mrs.  William  F.  Allen,  Madison. — Fire  bucket  owned  and  used  by 
John  Sprague,  of  Newburyport,  Mass.,  great-grandfather  of  owner. 

A.  W.  Aylmer,  Baltimore. — Relics  from  battlefield  at  Winchester,  Va. 

E.  L.  Boothby,  Hammond. — Iron  mortar  brought  to  Madison,  by  the 
first  physician  in  the  city,  who  gave  it  to  Dr.  Rudd,  whose  widow  gave 
it  to  present  giver;  piece  of  cable  (shore  end)  laid  to  fire  torpedo 
mines  in  Manila  Bay,  over  which  Admiral  Dewey  sailed,  in  May,  1898; 
Spanish  artillery  sword  taken  in  batte  of  Manila  by  Corporal  Jonathan 
Boothby  (of  Hammond,  Wis.),  Co.  H,  13th  Minn,  vols.,  which  was  sup- 
porting the  Astor  battery,  on  extreme  American  right. 

Jack  Boothby,  Hammond. — Stone  axe  found  in  the  township  of  Som- 
erset, St.  Croix  county,  supposed  site  of  an  ancient  battle  between 
Sioux  and  Chippewas;  hundreds  of  flint  arrow-heads  have  been  found 
in  the  same  locality. 

Theodore  Dieckmann,  Sheboygan. — Toll  bar  of  the  old  Sheboygan 
and  Fond  du  Lac  toll  road. 

A.  Dye,  Sheboygan  Falls. — Hand-sled  made  by  giver's  father,  of  She- 
boygan Falls,  in  1838.  Upon  it  he  drew  lumber  from  Sheboygan  Falls 
during  the  winter  of  1838-39,  to  build  a  shanty  on  his  claim,  which  he 
had  staked  out  in  the  dense  forest  four  miles  southeast  of  Sheboygan 
Falls;  it  was  approachable  oiily  by  a  narrow  Indian  trail. 

H.  R.  Hill,  Oreen  Lake. — Carpet  bag,  formerly  owned  by  Alvan  E. 
Bovay,  of  Ripon,  Wis.,  "founder  of  the  Republican  Party." 

Thomas  Jefferson  Pereies,  Milwaukee. — Impression  of  the  great  seal 
of  Wisconsin  Territory,  1836-48. 

N.  B.  Van  Slyke,  Madison. — Modoc  squaw's  cap,  made  by  the  wife  of 
the  Modoc  warrior.  Faithful  Willie,  and  obtained  by  giver  in  1875 
through  the  noted  Bogus  Charley. 

Mrs.  Lafayette  Smith,  Madison. — Hook  and  trammel  known  to  have 
been  used  in  the  family  of  Judge  R.  Smith  for  about  200  years — 
brought  by  his  father  to  Wisconsin  from  Rhode  Island. 

Mrs.  Jane  White  Douglass,  Elmore,  Minn. — Buckhorn  letter-stamp 
to  be  used  upon  sealing  wax — made  by  Stephen  White,  New  Oregon, 
N.  Y.,  about  1843. 

Miss  Mary  E.  Steioart,  Milwaukee. — Three-legged  iron  kettle;  three- 
legged  sauce  pan;  pair  old  hand-made  scissors;  pair  Sandwich  Island 
sandals;  teapot  formerly  owned  by  Mrs.  J.  V.  V.  Hibbard,  mother  of 
Mrs.  Robert  A.  Stewart;  pair  Indian  moccasins,  buckskin,  trimmed 
with  beads;  beaded  pouch  made  by  Indians;  bead  and  leather  orna- 
ment made  by  Indians;  Chinese  counting  frame  for  children;  Chinese 
child's  bow  and  arrow;  spinning  wheel. 

John  E.  Tracy,  Crossville,  Tenn.  {loan). — Roger  Sherman's  chair, 
1776.     This  was  part  of  his  parlor  furniture,  when  a  member  of  the 


1 


MISCELLANEOUS  GIFTS  lOi 

committee  of  the  Colonial  Congress  appointed  to  draft  the  Declaration 
of  Independence. 

W.  W.  Warner,  Madison. — An  antique  Chickering  piano,  one  of  the 
first  placed  on  the  market  by  Jonas  Chickering  of  Boston;  an  antique 
square  piano,  made  by  Voight  &  Son,  Berlin,  Germany,  probably  about 
1835. 

Miscellaneous 

Miss  Florence  E.  Baker,  Madison. — Pair  of  Turkish  socks,  made  of 
goat's  hair,  from  Marsovan,  Turkey. 

William  Jacobs's  estate.  Madison. — Ornamental  design  in  wax-work. 


I02  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 


LIST    OF    PUBLICATIONS     OF     THE     STATE     HISTORICAL 
SOCIETY    OF    WISCONSIN,    1850-1902. 


COMPlLKt)    BY    ISAAC    SAMUEL   BRADLEY,    LIBIJAKIAN    AND    ASSISTANT 
SUPERINTENDENT. 

[Note. — Those  items  marked  thus,  *,  are  now  out  of  stock.] 

Addresses 

♦Discourse  delivered  before  the  Society  at  its  first  annual  meeting, 
January  15,  1850,  at  the  capitol  in  Madison.  By  William  R.  Smith. 
Madison,  1850.     53  p.     O. 

♦Address  delivered  before  the  Society  at  Madison,  January  21,  1851. 
By  M.  L.  Martin.     Green  Bay,  1851.     44  p.     D. 
ri'ivately  printed. 

♦Third  annual  address  delivered  in  the  assembly  hall  of  the  capitol  at 
Madison,  March  16,  1852,  before  the  Society.  By  Lewis  N.  Wood. 
Madison,  [1852].     17  p.     O. 

The  utility  of  the  study  of  genealogy.  Paper  read  before  the  execu- 
tive committee  of  the  Society,  July  9,  1862.  By  Daniel  S.  Durrie. 
[Madison,  1862.]     8  p.     O. 

Addresses  of  Hon.  I.  A.  Lapham,  LL.  D.,  and  Hon.  Edward  Salomon, 
at  the  dedication  of  the  rooms  in  the  south  wing  of  the  capitol  for 
the  Society,  January  24,  1866.     Madison,  1866.     31,  [1]  p.     O. 

Annual  address  before  the  Society,  January  23,  1867:  "History  of  the 
people,  as  illustrated  by  itheir  monuments."  By  Anthony  Van 
Wyck.     Madison,  1867.     23  p.     O. 

The  influence  of  history  on  individual  and  national  action.  Annual 
address  before  the  Society,  January  30,  1868.  By  Paul  A.  Chad- 
bourne.     Madison,  1868.     22  p.     O. 

♦The  history  and  development  of  races.  Annual  address  before  the 
Society,  February  23,  1869.  By  Harlow  S.  Orton.  Madison,  1869. 
32,  [1]  p.     O. 


LIST  OP  PUBLICATIONS,   1850-1902  lo^^ 

A  sketch  of  the  life,  character,  and  services  of  Hon.  B.  F.  Hopkins, 
read  before  the  Society,  November  15,  1870.  By  David  Atwood. 
Madison,  1870.     18  p.     O. 

♦Territorial  legislation  in  Wisconsin.  Annual  address  before  the  So- 
ciety, February  4,  1870.  By  Moses  M.  Strong.  Madison,  1870. 
38,  [2]  p.     O. 

♦The  Northwest  during  the  Revolution.  Annual  address  before  the 
Society,  January  31,  1871.  By  Charles  I.  Walker.  Madison,  1871. 
46  p.     O. 

♦The  early  outposts  of  Wisconsin:  [i.] — Green  Bay  for  two  hundred 
years,  1639-1839.  [ir.] — Annals  of  Prairie  du  Chien.  A  paper  read 
before  the  Society,  December  26,  1872.  By  Daniel  S.  Durrie. 
Madison,  1873.     12,  15  p.     O. 

The  birth-places  of  Americanism.  Annual  address  before  the  Soci- 
ety, January  30,  1873.  By  Charles  D.  Robinson.  Madison,  1873. 
24  p.     O. 

Prehistoric  Wisconsin.  By  James  D.  Butler.  Annual  Address 
before  the  Society,  February  18,  1876.     [Madison,  1876.]     31  p.     O. 

With   five   plates.     Also    includes    article   on    Wcstphalian   medal,   16i8,   by 
J.  D.  Butler. 

Prehistoric    copper    implements.     An    open    letter   to    the    Historical 

Society  of  Wisconsin.     By  Rev.  Edmund  F.  Slafter.     Boston,  1879. 

15  p.     O. 

Reprinted   by    tbe    author   from   N.   E.   Hist,    and   Gencal.   Reijister,  v.    33. 
ISTD.     Afterwards  reprinted  in  Historical  Collections,  v.  8. 

Memorial  addresses  on  the  life  and  character  of  Hon.  C.  C.  Washburn, 
LL.  D.,  late  governor  of  Wisconsin.     Before  the  Society,  July  25, 
1882.     Portrait.     Madison,  1883.     41  p.     O. 

Henry  Gratiot,  a  pioneer  of  Wisconsin:  an  address  on  the  occasion  of 
the  presentation  of  his  portrait  to  the  State  Historical  Society  of 
Wisconsin.     Delivered  before  the  Society,  at  Madison,  Nov.  13,  1884. 
By  Hon.  E.  B.  Washburne  of  Illinois.     Chicago,  1884.     32  p.     O. 
With  portrait  of  Gratiot.     This  pamphlet  was  published  by  the  author. 

♦Alexander  Mitchell,  the  financier.  Address  delivered  by  James  D. 
Butler,  before  the  Society,  January  5,  1888.  Portrait.  [Madison, 
1888.]     24  p.     O. 

From  Proceedings  of  the  Thirty-fifth  annual  meeting,  Jan.  1888. 


104  WISCONSIN   HISTORICAL    SOCIETY. 

*The  character  and  influence  of  the  fur  trade  in  Wisconsin.     By  Fred- 
erick J.  Turner.     An  address  before  the  Society,  January  3,  1889. 
[Madison,  1889.]     48  p.     O. 
From  Procecdipgs  of  the  Thtrty-sixih  annual  meeting,  Jan.,  1889. 

Nelson    Dewey.     By    Silas    U.    Pinney.     Memorial    address    delivered 
before  the  Society,  January  2,  1890.     [Madison,  1890.]     14  p.     O. 
From  Proceedings  of  the  Thirty-seventh  annual  meeting,  Jan.,  1890. 

♦William    Francis    Allen.     By    David    B.    Frankenburger.     Memorial 
address  delivered   before  the  Society,  January  2,  1890.     [Madison, 
1890.]     lip.   .0. 
From  Proceedings  of  the  Thirty-seventh  Annual  Meeting,  Jan.,  1890. 

The  higher  education  of  the  people.  An  address  delivered  before  the 
Society,  January  28,  1891.  By  Herbert  B.  Adams.  [Madison, 
1891.]     30  p.     O. 

From  Proceedings  of  the  Thirty-eighth  annual  meeting,  Jan.,  1891. 

The  Northwest  in  the  nation.     Biennial  address  before  the  Society, 
January  24,  1893.     By  Theodore  Roosevelt.     Madison,  1893.    9  p.    O. 
From  Proceedings  of  the  Fortieth  annual  meeting,  Dec,  1892. 

Evolution  vs.  revolution,  in  politics.     An  address  before  the  Society, 
February  9,  1897.     By  Andrew  D.  White.    [Madison,  1897.]    22  p.     O. 
From  Proceedings  of  the  Forty-fourth  annual  meeting,  Dec,  1896. 

The  sifted  grain  and  the  grain  sifters.  An  address  at  the  dedication 
of  the  building  of  the  State  Historical  Society  of  Wisconsin  at 
Madison,  October  19,  1900.  By  Charles  Francis  Adams.  [Boston, 
1900.]     67  p.     O. 

Published  by  the  author. 

Bulletins  of  Information 

*1.  [A  letter  to  the  people  of  Wisconsin,  relative  to  the  several  pro- 
posed state  and  county  semi-centennial  observances.]  Novem- 
ber, 1897.     No  title.     1  p.     Broadside. 

2.  I.  Statutes  governing  local  historical  societies,  as  auxiliary  mem- 
bers of  the  State  Historical  Society  of  Wisconsin.  II.  Sugges- 
tions for  constitution  and  by-laws  of  local  historical  societies. 
III.  Suggestions  to  local  historical  societies  relative  to  work  in 
preparation  for  county  semi-centennial  observances  (May  28, 
1898).     December,  1897.     15  p.     O. 


LIST   OF  PUBLICATIONS,   1850-1902  105 

3.  A  study  of  foreign  groups  in  Wisconsin.     December,  1897.     2  p.     O. 

*4.  I.  Some  suggestions  to  local  historians,  in  view  of  the  proposed 
observances  of  the  state's  semi-centennial  anniversary.  II.  A 
selected  list  of  printed  material  relating  to  the  history  of  Wis- 
consin.    February,  1898.     22  p.     O. 

5.  Reports  from  State  associations  and  the  counties,  relative  to  his- 

torical research  and  local  observances  of  the  state's  semi-cen- 
nial  anniversary.     May,  1898.     14  p.     O. 

6.  What  American  men  of  letters  think  of  the  State  Historical  Soci- 

ety of  Wisconsin.     December,  1894.     13  p.     O. 

7.  The    gathering    of    local    history    materials    by    public    libraries. 

December,  1896.     3  p.     O. 

*8.  The  State  Historical  Society  of  Wisconsin.  I.  Story  of  its  growth. 
II.  Opinions  of  men  of  letters.  III.  Description  of  the  new 
building.     1898.     21  p.     O. 

With  illustrations  and  floor  plans  of  the  building. 

9.  How  local  history  material  is  preserved  in  the  library  of  the  State 
Historical  Society  of  Wisconsin.     August,  1899.     4  p.     O. 

10.  Suggestive  outlines  for  the  study  of  Wisconsin   history.     Novem- 

ber, 1899.     13  p.     O. 

11.  A  selected  list  of  printed  material  relating  to  the  history  of  Wis- 

consin. [Revised  repriat  of  part  of  Bulletin  No.  4.]  Decem- 
ber, 1899.     18  V.     O. 

12.  Suggestions  for  local   historians  in   Wisconsin.     [Revised   reprint 

of  part  of  Bulletin  No.  4.]     December,  1899.     8  p.     O. 

13.  Reports  from  auxiliary  societies,  for  1900.     August,  1901.     4  p.     O. 

14.  Newspapers  and  periodicals  regularly  received  at  the  Library  of 

the  State  Historical  Society.  [Corrected  to  January  1,  1901.] 
1901.     12  p.     O. 

15.  Suggestive  outlines   for   the  study  of   the  history  of  the   Middle 

West,  Kentucky,  and  Tennessee.  Prepared  in  conjunction  with 
the  school  of  History,  University  of  Wisconsin.  November, 
1901.     29  p.     O. 

8 


Io6  WISCONSIN   HISTORICAL   SOCIETY 

16.  Periodicals  and  newspapers  regularly  received  at  the  library  of  the 

State  Historical  Society,  corrected  to  January  1,  1902.     18  p.     O, 

17.  Constitution  and  by-laws  of  the  State  Historical  Society  of  Wiscon- 

sin.    January,  1903.     12  p,     O. 

Constitution 

Constitution  of  the  society.     1875.     4  p.     Q. 

The  charter  and  revised  statutes  relating  to  the  Society.    Also  the  con- 
stitution and  by-laws.     Madison:     1884.     21  p.     O. 
Constitution  and  by-laws  of  the  Society.     [1898.]     10  p.     O. 
Constitution  and  by-laws  of  the  Society.     1903.     12  p.     O. 

Historical  Collections 

Note. — ^Vols.  i  x  were  edited  and  annotated  by  Lyman  C.  Draper;  vols, 
xi-xvi  by  Keiiben  (J.  I'liwaltes.  Vols,  i-iv  were  also  issued  as  part  of 
the  Governor's  Mchsuijc  and  Documents  for  1855,  1856,  1857,  and  1860,  re- 
spectively. Vols.  II  and  iii  were  also  published  in  the  German  and  Norwe- 
gian languages.  In  accordance  with  chapter  135,  laws  of  1866,  authorizing 
the  publication,  Vol.  v  was,  in  1868,  issued  in  three  separate  parts.  Commenc- 
ing with  Vol.  XI,  the  lirportu  of  the  executive  conuiiittee  were  omitted  from  the 
Collections,  the  former  being  thereafter  published  in  connection  with  the  annual 
ProcecdinffS. 

♦First  annual  report  and  collections  of  the  State  Historical  Society  of 
Wisconsin,   for  the  year  1854.     Vol.   I.     Madison:   1855.     160  p.     O. 

CONTENTS 

Report  for  1854. 

Green  Bay  In  1726. 

J.  Gorrell's  Journal. 

Recollections  of  Green  Bay  in   1816  17,  by  J.   W.  Blddle. 

Recollections  of  a  tour  through   Wisconsin   in   1832,   by   C.   Whittlesey. 

Legend  of  the  Winnebagoes.  by  R.  W.   llaskins. 

Early  times  in  Wisconsin,  1849,  by  U.  A.  Tenney. 

Sketch  of  Calumet  County,  by  T.  Cammuck. 

Sketch  of  Richland  County,  by  I.   S.  Haseltine. 

Wisconsin  geographical  names,  by  A.  Brunson. 

Indian  mimes,  )>y  J.  Hathaway. 

Indian  nomenclature  of  Northern  Wisconsin,   with   a  sketch   of  the  manners 

and  customs  of  the  Chippewas,  by  II.  Calkins. 
Reminiscences  of  Wisconsin,  by  A.  F.  Pratt. 

Second  annual  report  and  collections  of  the  State  Historical  Society  of 
Wisconsin,  for  the  year  1855.     Vol.  H.     Madison:   1856.     548  p.     O. 

CONTENTS 

Report  for  1855. 

Eulogies  on  Wright,  McLane,  and  Sully. 

Early  history  and  condition  of  Wisconsin,  by  FT.   S.  Baird. 

Early  times  and  events  in  Wisconsin,  by  J.  H.  Lockwood. 

Personal  narrative,  oy  J.  Shaw. 

Memoir  of  Hon.  Thomas  Pendleton  Burnett,  by  A.  Brunson. 

{•ioneer  life  in  Wisconsin,  by  D.  M.  Parkinson. 


LIST  OF  PUBLICATIONS,  1850-1902  107 

Pekatonlca  battle  controversy,  by  C.  Bracken  and  P.  Parkinson. 

Strictures  upon  Gov.  Ford's  liistory  of  tlie  Black  Hawk  war,  by  P.  Parkinson. 

Further   strictures   on   Gov.   Ford's   liistory   of  the   Black   Hawk   war,   by   C. 

Bracken. 
Some  account  of  the  advent  of  the  New  York  Indians  into  Wisconsin,  by  A.  G. 

Ellis. 
A   sketch   of   the  early   history   of   Kenosha   County,    Wisconsin,   and   of   the 

Western  Emigration   Company,   by  J.  Lothrop. 
Wisconsin,  its  rise  and  progress,  with  notices  of  Mineral  Point  and  Richland 

County,  by  S.  Taylor. 
Legend  of  the  Red  Banks,  by  C.  D.  Robinson. 
The  progress,  condition  and  prospects  of  Wisconsin,  by  T.  O.  Edwards. 

♦Zweiter  jahres-bericht  und  sammlungen  der  Historischen  Gesellschaft 
des  Staates  Wisconsin.  Fiir  das  jahr  1855.  Zweiter  band.  Mil- 
waukie,  1856.  Druck  von  Schoffler  u.  Wendte,  herausgeber  des 
Banner  unds  Volksfreund.     vii,  501  p.     D. 

*Anden  aarlige  rapport  tilligemed  anhang  fra  Wisconsins  statshistor- 
iske  selskab  for  arret  1855.  2det  bind.  Madison.  Trykt  1  E.  Stange- 
lands  bogtrykkerie.     1856.     503  p.     O. 

Third  annual  report  and  collections  of  the  State  Historical  Society  of 
Wisconsin  for  the  year  1856.    Vol.  III.   Madison:  1857.  vii,  457  p.    O. 

CONTENTS 

Report  for  1856. 

Eulogies  on  Prof.  James  G.  Percival. 

The  late  William  A.  White. 

Jesuit  missionaries  in  the  North-west,  by  J.  Law. 

The  Indian  tribes  of  Wisconsin,  by  J.  G.  Shea. 

The  Cass  manuscripts,  translated  by  C.  Whittlesey. 

Ancient  mounds  or  tumuli   in  Crawford  County,  by  A.  Brunson. 

Antiquities  M  Wisconsin,  by  W.  Barry. 

Seventy-two  years'  recollections  of  Wisconsin,  by  A.  Grignon. 

Reminiscences  of  the  Nortli-west,  by  B.  F.  II.   Witherell. 

The  Chippewas'  of  Lake  Superior,  by  R.  E.  Morse. 

Early  history  of  Kenosha,   by  M.  Frank. 

Some  account  of  the  first  settlement  of  Kenosha,  by  W.  Mygatt. 

Early  history  of  Green  County,  by  J.  W.  Stewart. 

Sketch  of  Whitewater,  by  J.  A.  Leonard. 

The  "Upper  Wisconsin"  country,  by  A.  G.  Ellis. 

Sketch  of  Piescott,  and  Pierce  County,  by  O.  Gibbs,  Jr.,  and  C.  E.  Young. 

Hudson  and  its  tributary  region,  by  T.  D.  Hall. 

New   London   and   surrounding  country,   by   A.   J.   Lawson. 

Resources  of   North-Eastern   Wisconsin,   by   E.   B.    Qulner. 

Wisconsin  and  her  internal  navigation. 

The  Lemonweir  River,  by  I).  McBride. 

The  Baraboo  Valley,  a  dairy  region. 

Lieut.  Gov.  Cruzafs  message  to  the  Sauks  and  Foxes. 

Statistics  of  Wi.sconsin  public  libraries,  by  L.  C.  Draper. 

*Tredie  aarsberetning  fra  Wisconsin  Statshistoriske  Selskab.  1856. 
Tredie  bind.  Oversat  og  trykt  i  "Emigrantens"  Officin.  Madison, 
Wis.     1857.     xiii,  LI],  400,  [2]  p.     D. 


I08  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 

♦Report  and  collections  of  the  State  Historical  Society  of  Wisconsin, 
for  the  years  1857  and  1858.     Vol.  IV.     Madison:     1859.     508  p.     O. 

CONTENTS 

Annual  reports  for  1857  and  1858. 

Origin  of  American  Indians,  by  J.  Y.  Smith. 

Recollections  of  Wisconsin  since  1820,  by  E.  Chllds. 

Recollections  of  the  early  history  of  Northern  Wisconsin,  by  II.   S.  Baird. 

Early  history  of  Wisconsin,  by  A.   Brunson. 

Commercial  history  of  Milwaukee. 

Sketch  of  the  Brothertown  Indians,  by  T.  Commuck. 

Rev.  Cutting  Marsh  on  the  Stockbridges. 

The  last  of  the  Mohlgans,  by  L.  Konkapot,  Jr. 

Death  of  John  W.  Quinney. 

Speech  on  Stockbriuge  traditionary  history,  by  J.  W.   Quinney. 

Memorial  of  John  W.   Quinney  to  Congress. 

Early  times  in  Sheooygan  County,  by  H.  Rublee. 

Early  events  in  the  Four  Lakes  country,  by  C.  B.  Chapman. 

North-eastern   boundary  of  Wisconsin. 

On  the  public  land  surveys,  and  the  latitude  and  longitude  of  places  in  Wis- 
consin, by  I.  A.  Lapham. 

On  the  Man-shaped  mounds  of  Wisconsin,  by  I.  A.  Lapham. 

Death  of  Tecumseh,  by  A.  Brunson. 

Deatli  of  Tecumseh,  by  J.  T.  Kingston. 

First  grave  in  the  city  of  Watertown,  by  D.  W.  Ballon,  Jr. 

Early  settlement  of  La  Crosse  and  Monroe  Counties,  by  M.  McMillan. 

On  the  latitude  and  longitude  of  Milwaukee,  Prairie  du  Chien,  Racine,  and 
Madison,  by  J.  D.  Graham. 

♦Report  and  collections  of  the  State  Historical  Society  of  Wisconsin  for 
the  years  1867,  1868,  and  1869.  Vol.  V.  Madison:   1868.  vii,  438  p.  O. 

CONTENTS 

Synopsis  of  Annual  Reports,  1860-66. 

Eulogies  on  J.  W.   Hunt  and  Gov.   Louis  1*.   Harvey. 

Canadian  documents. 

Early  day.s  at  I'rairie  du  Chien,  fuul  the  Winneltago  outbreak  of  1827.  by  W.  J. 

Snelling. 
An  incident  of  the  Winnebago  war. 
General  Cass  on  the  Winnebago  outbreak,  1827. 
A  western  reminiscence,  by  A.  Edwards. 
Annual  report  for  1867. 

Eulogy  on  Gen.  Henry  Dodge,  by  S.  U.  I'inney. 
The  Winnebago  war  of  1827,  by  T.  L.  McKenney. 
Early  reminiscences  of  Wisconsin,  by  J.  II.  Fonda. 
Service  of  Col.  Henry  Dodge's  volunteers  in  the  Black  Hawk  war. 
Reminiscences  of  Black  Hawk  and  tlie  Black  Hawk  war. 
Early  history  of  education  in  Wisconsin,  by  W.  C.  Whitford. 
History  of  school  supervision  in  Wisconsin,  by  W.  C.  Whitford. 
Life  and  public  services  of  J.  1).  Doty,  by  A.  G.  Ellis. 
Reminiscences  of  Hole-in-the-Day,  by  J.  T.  Clark  and  others. 
General  Cass  at  Stc.  Marie  in  1820. 

♦Report  and  collections  of  the  State  Historical  Society  of  Wisconsin  for 
the  years  1869,  1870,  1871,  and  1872.  Vol.  VI.  Madison:  1872. 
504  p.     O.- 

CONTENTS 

Annual  reports;  for  1868-71. 

Life  and  services  of  Benjamin  F.  Hopkins,  by  D.  Atwood. 


LIST  OF  PUBLICATIONS,  1850-1902  IO9 

Memoir  of  Hon.  G.  De  Witt  Elwood,  by  S.  D.  Hastings. 

Tlie   civil   life,   services,   and   character   of   Gov.   Wm.    A.    Barstow,    by   B.    M. 

Hunter. 
Col.  Wm.  A.  Barstows  military  services,  by  E.  A.  Calkins. 
Events  in  the  life  of  Charles  Duikee,  by  M.  Frank. 
Life  and  services  of  George  Hyer,  by  L.  C.  Draper. 
Character  of  George  Hyer,  by  H.  A.  Tenney. 
The  North-west  in  1817,  by  S.  A.  Storrow. 
Journal  of  a  voyage  from  St.  Louis  to  the  Falls  of  St.  Anthony,  in  1819,  by 

T.  Forsyth. 
Captain  Jonathan  Carver,  and  "Carver's  Grant,"  by  D.  S.  Durrie. 
Early  history  of  the  lead  region  of  Wisconsin,  by  M.  Meeker. 
Western  Wisconsin  in  1836,  by  S.  M.  Palmer. 
Eleazer  Williams  and  the  lost  Prince,  by  J.  Y.  Smith. 
Reminiscences  of  the  first  house  and  first  resident  family  of  Madison,  by  W.  H. 

Canfleld. 
Early  reminiscences  of  Madison,  by  J.  G.  Knapp. 

Naming  of  Madison  and  Dane  County,  and  the  location  of  the  capital. 
Michael  St.  Cyr,  an  early  Dane  County  pioneer. 
Green  County  pioneers,  by  A.  Salisbury. 
Early  settlement  of  Rock  County,  by  I.  T.  Smith. 
Early  reminiscences  of  Janesville,  by  H.  F.  Janes. 
Pioneer  history  of  Walworth  County,  by  C.  M.  Baker. 
Neyon  de  Villiers. 

♦Report  and  collections  of  the  State  Historical  Society  of  Wisconsin  for 
the  years  1873,  1874,  1875,  and  1876.  Vol.  VII.  Madison:  1876. 
495  p.     O. 

CONTENTS 

Annual  reports  for  1872-75. 

Prehisrtoric  Wisconsin,  by  J.  D.  Butler. 

Westphalian  medal,  1648,  by  J.  D.  Butler. 

The  discovery  of  the  Mississippi,  by  J.  G.  Shea. 

Memoir  of  Charles  de  Langlade,  by  J.  Tasse. 

Notice  of  Match-e-ke-wis,  the  captor  of  Mackinaw,  1763,  by  L.  C.  Draper. 

Northern  Wisconsin  in  1820,  by  J.  D.  Doty. 

Fifty-four  years'  recollections  of  Wisconsin,  by  A.  G.  Ellis. 

The  fur  trade  and  factoi-y  system  at  Green  Bay,  1816-21. 

Edward  D.  Beouchard's  vindication. 

Early  Western  days,  by  J.  T.  Kingston. 

Personal  narrative,  by  J.  T.  de  la  Ronde. 

Pioneer  life  in  Wisconsin,  by  H.  Merrell. 

Sketch  of  oflicers  at  Fort  Winnebago,  in  1834,  and  subsequently. 

Langlade's  movements  in  1777. 

Recollections  of  Wisconsin  in  February,  1837,  by  J.  A.  Noonan. 

Note  on  Eleazer  Williams,  by  C.  C.  Trowbridge. 

Sketch  of  Shau-be-na,  a  Pottawattomie  chief,  by  N.  Matson. 

Memoir  of  George  Gale,  by  D.  S.  Durrie. 

Memoir  of  Henry  S.  Baird,  by  E.  H.  Ellis. 

Memoir  of  John  Catlln,  by  A.  B.  Braley. 

Life  and  services  of  John  Y.  Smith,  by  D.  S.  Durrie. 

Wisconsin  necrology,  1874-75,  hy  L.  C.  Draper. 

♦Report  and  collections  of  the  State  Historical  Society  of  Wisconsin,  for 
the  years  1877,  1878,  and  1879.  Vol.  VIII.  Madison:  1879.  511  p.  O. 

CONTENTS 

Annual  reports  for  1876-78. 

In  memoriam,  Stephen  Haskins  Carpenter. 

In  memoriam,  George  B.  Smith. 


no  WISCONSIN   HISTORICAL   SOCIETY 

The  ancient  copper  mines  of  Lake  Superior,  by  J.  Houghton. 

I'relilstoric  copper  implements,  by  K.  F.  Slafter. 

Mode  of  fabrication  of  ancient  copper  implements. 

The  pictured  cave  of  La  Crosse  Valley,  by  10.  Brown. 

Notes  on  Jean  Nicolet,  by  B.  Suite. 

Early  historic  relics  of  the  Northwest,  by  J.  D.  Butler. 

Traditions  of  the  Fox  Indians,  1730. 

Langlade  papers,  1737-1800. 

An  incident  of  Chegoimegon,  1760,  by  IL  R.  Schoolcraft. 

Capture  of  Mackinaw,  17G3,  by  L.  B.  I'orller. 

Green  Bay  and  the  frontiers,  1760-G5. 

The  Indian  wars  of  Wisconsin,  by  M.  M.  Strong. 

Wisconsin  In  1818,  by  E.  Tanner. 

Reminiscences  of  the  North-west,  by  M.  A.  B.  Bristol. 

Early  times  at  Fort  Winnebago,  and  Black  Hawk  war  reminiscences,   by  P. 

Clark. 
Recollections  of  Rev.  Eleazer  Williams,  by  A.  G.  Ellis. 
Additional  notes  on  Eleazer  Williams,  by  L.  C.  Draper. 
Early  exploration  and  settlement  of  Juneau  County,  by  J.  T.  Kingston. 
The  Swiss  Colony  of  New  Glarus,  by  J.  Luchsinger. 
Additional  notes  on  New  Glarus,  by  J.  J.  Tschudy. 
Wisconsin  necrology,  1876-78,  by  L.  C.  Draper. 

♦Report  and  collections  of  the  State  Historical  Society  of  Wisconsin,  for 
the  years  1880,  1881,  and  1882.  Vol.  IX.  Madison:  1882.  498.  O. 
With  map,  and  a  portrait  of  C.  C.  Washburn. 

CONTENTS 

Synopsis  of  Annual  Reports  for  1879-81. 

Emblematic  mounds  in  Wisconsin,  by  S.  D.  Peet. 

Portraits  of  Columbus,  by  J.  D.  Butler. 

Early  historic  relics  of  the  North-west,  by  J.  D.  Butler. 

"Lake  Sakaegan,"  its  identity. 

Personal  narrative  of  T.  G.  Anderson. 

T.  G.  Anderson's  Journal,  1814. 

Prairie  du  Chien  documents,  1814-15. 

Traditions  and  recollections  of  I'ralrie  du  Chien,  by  B.  W.  Brlsbois. 

Indian  customs  and  early  recollections,  by  Mrs.  II.  S.  Baird. 

In  memorlam,  Cadwallader  C.  Washburn. 

Sketch  of  Charles  II.  I^rrabee,  by  L.  C.  Draper. 

Pioneer  settlement  of  Sheboygan  County,  by  J.  E.  Thomas. 

Sketch  of  William  Farnsworth,  by  M.  L.  Martin. 

Sketch  of  Moses  Ilardwlck,  by  M.  L.  Martin. 

Memoir  of  Henry  D.  Barron,  by  S.  S.  Fifleld. 

Life  and  services  of  Chauncey  H.  Purple,  by  S.  D.  Hastings. 

William  Hull  and  Satterlee  Clark,  by  E.  A.  Calkins. 

Character  of  Levi  B.  Vilas,  by  A.  B.  Bi-aley. 

Wisconsin  necrology,  1876-81. 

Report  and  collections  of  the'  State  Historical  Society  of  Wisconsin,  for 
the  years  1883,  1884,  and  1885.  Vol.  X.  With  a  general  index  to 
Vols.  I— X.     Madison:   1888.     558  p.     O. 

CONTENTS 

Synopsis  of  Annual  reports  for  1882-84. 
Jean  Nicolet,  by  F.  X  Garneau  and  J.  B.  Ferland. 
De  Lingery's  expedition  against  the  Foxes,  1728,  by  E.  Crespel. 
French  fortlflcatlons  near  the  mouth  of  the  Wisconsin,  "Hold  the  Fort,"   by 
J.  D.  Butler. 


LIST   OF   PUBLICATIONS,   1850-1902  m 

Tay-cho-pe-rah,  the  Four  Lake  country,  first  white  foot-prints  there,  by  J.  D. 

Butler. 
Lawe  and  Grignon  papers,  1794-1821. 
Papers  of  Capt.  T.  G.  Anderson,  British  Indian  agent. 
Indian  campaign  of  1832,  by  II.  Smith. 
Reminiscences  of  the  Black  Hawk  war,  by  II.  Anderson. 
Incidents  of  the  Black  Hawk  war,  by  C.  Whittlesey. 
Battle  of  Peckatonica,  by  M.  G.  Fitch. 
Notes  on  the  Black  Hawk  war,  by  P.  Parkinson. 

Sketches  of  Indian  chiets  and  pioneers  of  the  North-west,  by  J.  Shaw. 
Causes  of  the  Black  liawk  war,  by  Orlando  Brown. 
Black  Hawk  scraps  from  old  newspapers. 
Robert  S.  Black  and  the  Black  Hawk  war,  by  G.  W.  Jones. 
Reminiscences  of  Wisconsin  in  1833. 

Col.  Henry  Gratiot,  a  pioneer  of  Wisconsin,  by  E.  B.  Washburne. 
Mrs.  Adele  P.  Gratiot's  narrative. 

Early  Wisconsin  exploration  and  settlement,  by  J.  Sutherland. 
Notes  on  early  Wisconsin  exploration,  forts  and  trading  posts,  by  E.  1).  Neill. 
French  fort  at  Prairie  du  Chien  a  myth,  by  C.  W.  Butterfield. 
Eaj-ly  French  forts  in  Western  Wisconsin,  by  L.  C.  Di-aper. 
Autograph  collections  of  the  signers  of  the  Declaration  of  Independence,  and  of 

the  Constitution,  by  L.  C.  Draper. 
Sketch  of  Andrew  Proudflt,  by  B.  J.  Stevens. 
Memorial  sketches  of  O.  M.  Conover. 
Wisconsin  necrology,  1879-82,  by  L.  C.  Draper. 
General  index  to  Vols.  i-x. 

Collections  of  the  State  Historical  Society  of  Wisconsin.  Edited  and 
annotated  by  Reuben  G.  Thwaites.  Vol.  XI.  Madison:  1888.  xiii, 
548  p.     O. 

With  a  portrait  of  Alex.  Mitchell,  and  a  facsimile  map  of  the   lead  mines, 
1829. 

COXTE.\TS 

Jean  Nicolet,  Interpreter  and  voyageur  in  Canada,  1618-1642,  by  Henri  Jouan. 

Bibliography  of  Jean  Nicolet,  by  C.  W.  Butterfield. 

Important  Western  state  papers. 

Radisson  and  (iroseilliers  in  Wisconsin. 

Papers  from  the  Canadian  archives,  1778-1783. 

Thompson  Maxwells  narrative,  1760  176a. 

Narrative  of  Andrew  J.  Vieau,  Sr. 

Antolne  ie  Clair's  statement. 

George  I'.  Delaplaine's  statement. 

Prairie  du  Chien  in  1811,  letter  by  Nicholas  Boilvin. 

Capture  of  Fort  McKay,  Prairie  du  Chien,  in  1814,  by  D.  Brymner. 

Dickson  and  Grignon  papers,  1812-1815. 

Letter-book  of  Thomas  Forsyth,  1814-1818. 

I'rairle  du  Chien  in  1827,  by  J.  M.  Street. 

American  Fur  Company  invoices,  1821-22. 

Sketch  of  Morgan  L.  Martin,  by  the  Editor. 

Narrative  of  Morgan  L.  Martin. 

Early  days  in  Jefferson  County,  by  E.  W.  Keyes. 

Alexander  Mitchell,  the  financier,  by  J.  D.  Butler. 

The  boundaries  of  Wisconsin,  by  the  Editor. 

Local  govei'nment  in  Wisconsin,  by  D.  B.  Spencer. 

Collections  of  the  State  Historical  Society  of  Wisconsin.     Edited  and 
annotated  by  Reuben  Gold  Thwaites.     Vol.  XII.     Madison:    1892. 
xix,  498  p.     O. 
With  a  map,  and  two  portraits  of  L.  C.  Draper. 


112  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 


CONTKNTS 

Lyman  Copeland  Draper,  a  memoir,  by  the  Editor. 
Papers  from  the  Canadian  arcliives,  1767-1814. 
Robert  Dickson,  the  Indian  trader,  by  E.  A.  Cruilcshank. 
American  Fur  Company  employees',  1818-19. 
M'Call's  Journal  of  a  visit  to  Wisconsin  in  1830. 
Documents  Illustrating  M'Call's  Journal. 
The  story  of  the  Klack  Hawk  war,  by  the  Editor. 
Papers  of  Indian  Agent  Boyd,  1832. 

How  Wisconsin  came  by  its  large  German  element,  by  K.  A.  Everest. 
Tlie  planting  of  tne  Swiss  colony  at  New'Glarus,  Wis.,  by  J.  Luchsinger. 
A  rare  Wisconsin  book,  by  T.  L.  Cole. 

Geograpliical   names  in   Wisconsin,   Minnesota,  and  Michigan,   having  a  Chip- 
pewa origin,  by  C.  Verwyst. 
The  Wisconsin  W^innebagoes,  an  interview  with  Moses  Paquette,  by  the  Editor. 
Missions  on  Chequamegon  Bay,  by  J.  N.  Davidson. 
Early  schools  in  Green  Bay,  1818-1832. 

Collections  of  the  State  Historical  Society  of  Wisconsin.  Edited  and 
annotated  by  Reuben  Gold  Thwaites.  Vol.  XIII.  Madison:  1895. 
xi,  515  p.     O. 

CONTKNTS 

Events  at  Prairie  du  Chien  previous  to  American  occupation,   1814,  by  A.  E. 

Bulger. 
The  Bulger  papers,  by  the  Editor. 

Last  days  of  the  Britisli  at  Prairie  du  Chien,  by  A.  E.  Bulger. 
Papers  of  James  Du;me  Doty. 
The  Territorial  census  for  1836,  by  the  Editor. 
Notes  on  early  lead  mining  in   tlie  Fever    (or  Galena)    River  region,  by  the 

Editor. 
Significance  of  the  lead  and  shot  trade  in  early  Wisconsin  history,   by  O.   G. 

Libby. 
Chronicle  of  the  Helena  Shot  Tower,  by  O.  G.  Libby. 
The  Belgians  of  Northeast  Wisconsin,  by  Xavier  Martin. 
Tlie  story  of  Chequamegon  Bay,  by  the  Editor. 
Historic  sites  on  Chequamegon  Bay,  by  C.  Verwyst. 
Arrival  of  American  troops  at  Green  Bay,  in  1816. 
Narrative  of  Spoon  Decorah. 
Narrative  of  Walking  Cloud. 
Population  of  Brown  County,  Juqe,  1830. 

Collections  of  the  State  Historical  Society  of  Wisconsin.     Edited  and 
annotated  by  Reuben  Gold  Thwaites.     Vol.  XIV.     Madison:    1898. 
xii,.553  p.     O. 
With  portraits,  illustrations  and  maps. 

CONTENTS 

The  story  of  Mackinac,  by  the  Editor. 

Reminiscences  of  early  days  on  Mackinac  Island,  by  E.  T.  Baird. 

The  history  of  Fort  Winnebago,  by  A.  J.  Turner. 

Fort  Winnebago  Orderly  Book,  1834-36. 

Abraham  Lincoln  in  tlie  Black  Hawk  war,  by  A.  A.  Jackson. 

An  English  officer's  description  of  Wisconsin  in  1837,  by  F.  Marryat. 

Father  Samuel  Mazzuchelli,  by  James  D.  Butler. 

Documents  relating  to  the  Catholic  church   in  Green  Bay.   and  the  mission  at 

Little  Chute,  1825-40. 
A  history  of  early  railroad  legislation  in  Wisconsin,  by  B.  H.  Meyer. 
The  Cornish  in  Southwest  Wisconsin,  by  L.  A.  Copeland. 


LIST  OF  PUBLICATIONS,   1850-1902  113 

The  Icelanders  on  Washington  Island,  by  II.  K.  White. 

Geographical  origin  of  German  immigration  to  Wisconsin,  by  K.  E.  Levi. 

Journal  of  an  Episcopalian  missionary's  tour  to  Green  Bay,  1834,  by  Jackson 

Kemper. 
Documents    relating    to    the    Episcopal    church    and    mission    in    Green    Bay, 

1825-41. 
The    first    Wisconsin    cavalry    at    the    capture    of    Jefferson    Davis,    by    Henry 

Harnden. 

Ck)llections  of  the  State  Historical  Society  of  Wisconsin.  Edited  and 
annotated  by  Reuben  Gold  Thwaites.  Vol.  XV.  Madison:  1900. 
ix,  491  p.     O. 

With  portraits  and  illustrations. 

CONTENTS 

Some  Wisconsin  Indian  conveyances,  1793-1836. 

Sketch  of  Cutting  Marsh,  by  J.  E.  Chapin. 

Documents  relating  to  the  Stockbridge  Mission,  1825-48. 

Reminiscences  of  life  in  territorial  Wisconsin,  by  E.  T.  Baird. 

A  Methodist  circuit   rider's   horseback   tour  from   Pennsylvania  to   Wisconsin, 

1835,  by  Alfred  Brunson. 
Diary  of  one  of  the  original  colonists  of  New  Glarus,  Mathias  Duerst,  1845, 

translated  by  J.  Luchsinger. 
I'ioneering  in  the   Wisconsin   lead  i-egion,  by  T.   Rodolf. 
Surveying  in  Wisconsin  in  1837,  by  F.  Hatheway. 
Report  on  the  quality  and  condition  of  Wisconsin   Territory,   1831,   by   S.   0. 

Stambaugh. 
Narrative  of  Louis  B.  Porlier,  in  an  interview  with  the  Editor. 
Osawgenong — A  Sac  tradition,  by  George  Johnston. 
Narrative  of  Alexis  Clermont,  in  an  interview  with  the  Editor. 
Narrative  of  I'eter  J.  Vieau,  in  an  interview  with  the  Editor. 

Collections  of  the  State  Historical  Society  of  Wisconsin.     Edited  by 
Reuben  Gold  Thwaites.     Vol.  XVI.     The  French  Regime  in  Wis- 
consin.    I.     1634-1727.     Madison:     1902.     xvii,  514  p.     O. 
With  portrait,  plates,  and  map. 

CONTKNTS 

The  French  regime  in  Wisconsin.     I.  Documents.     1634-1727. 

Library  Catalogues  and  Lists 

Catalogue  cf  the  Library  of  the  State  Historical  Society  of  Wisconsin. 
Prepared  by  Daniel  S.  Durrie,  librarian,  and  Isabel  Durrie,  assist- 
ant.    Vols,  i.-vii.     Madison,  1873-87.     7  v.     O. 

Vol.  I.  A-L.     Madison,  1873.     639  p. 

Vol.  II.  M-Z.     Madison,  1873.     719  p. 

Vol.  III.  First  supplement.     Madison,  1875.     383  p. 

Vol.  IV.  Second  supplement.     Madison,  1878.     750  p. 

Vol.  V.  Third  supplement.     Madison,  1881.     585  p. 

Vol.  VI.  Fourth  supplement.     Madison,  1884.     820  p. 

Vol.  VII.  Fifth  supplement.     Madison,  1887.     651  p. 

Library  rules  and  regulations  of  the  Society.  [Madison,  1885.1  3p.  O. 

Catalogue  of  books  on  the  war  of  the  rebellion,  and  slavery,  in  the 
library  of  the  Society.     Madison,  1887.     61  p.     O. 


1T4  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 

Bibliography  of  Wisconsin  authors;  being  a  list  of  books  and  other 
publications,  written  by  Wisconsin  authors,  in  the  library  of  the 
Society.  Prepared  under  the  direction  of  Reuben  Gold  Thwaites 
and  Isaac  Samuel  Bradley,  by  Emma  A.  Hawley.  Madison,  1893. 
vii,  263  p.     O. 

List  of  books  by  Wisconsin  authors,  exhibited  by  the  Society  in  the 
Wisconsin  State  building,  World's  Columbian  Exposition,  1893. 
Madison,  1893.     14  p.     O. 

Annotated  catalogue  of  newspaper  files  in  the  library  of  the  State  His- 
torical Society  of  Wisconsin.  Prepared  under  the  editorial  di- 
rection of  R.  G.  Thwaites,  secretary,  and  I.  S.  Bradley,  librarian, 
by  Emma  Helen  Blair,  library  assistant.  Madison,  1898.  xi, 
375  p.     O. 

Annotated  catalogue  of  Wisconsin  newspapers  in  the  library  of  the 
State  Historical  Society  of  Wisconsin.  Corrected  to  January  1, 
1896.  Prepared  under  the  editorial  direction  of  R.  G.  Thwaites, 
secretary,  and  I.  S.  Bradley,  librarian,  by  Emma  Helen  Blair,  li- 
brary assistant.     Madison,  1896.     116  p.     O. 

From  Cfitalof/iir  of  iinrxpapcr  fiUn,  94-208. 

Periodicals  in  the  library  that  are  indexed  in  Poole's  Index  to  Periodi- 
cal Literature.     1882.     July,  1883.     3  p.     O. 

Periodicals  in  the  library  that  are  indexed  in  Poole's  Index  to  Periodi- 
cal Literature.  1882.  and  Co  operative  Index  to  Periodicals. 
1883-86.     January,  1887.     4  p.     O. 

List  of  periodicals  in  the  library  that  are  indexed  in  Poole's  Index 
to  Periodical  Literature,  and  Co-operative  Index  to  Periodicals. 
January,  1891.     4  p.     O. 

List  of  periodicals  in  the  library  that  are  indexed  in  Poole's  Index 
to  Periodical  Literature,  and  Annual  Literary  Index,  1892,95,  Jan- 
uary, 1896.     4  p.     O. 

List  of  periodicals  in  the  libraries  of  the  State  Historical  Society  of 
Wisconsin  and  the  University  of  Wisconsin  that  are  indexed  in 
Poole's  Index  to  Periodical  Literature,  Annual  Literary  Index,  and 
Cumulative  Index..  .[1201.]     7  p.     Q. 

Newspapers  and  periodicals  regularly  received  at  the  library.     [Jan. 
1896.]     15  p.     O. 
Same,  Jan.,  1897.     15  p.     O. 


LIST  OF  PUBLICATIONS,  1850-1902  115 

Same,  Jan.,  1898.     14  p.     O. 
Same,  Feb.  1,  1899.     14  p.     O. 
Same,  Jan.,  1900.     15  p.     O. 
Same,  Jan.,  1901.     12  p.     O. 
Same,  Jan.,  1902.     18  p.     O. 

Library  Building 

*An  appeal  to  the  public  for  a  building  fund  for  the  Society,  September 
15,  1862.     Madison,  1862.     7  p.     O. 

Arguments  for  a  joint  library  building  for  the  Society  and  tne  State 
University.  Compiled  by  Reuben  G.  Thwaites.  Madison,  1895. 
26  p.     O. 

*Press  opinions  on  bills  providing  for  a  library  building  for  the  State 
Historical  Society  and  the  University  of  Wisconsin.  [Madison, 
1895.]     7  p.     O. 

♦Suggestions  to  competing  architects  relative  to  a  fire-proof  building  for 
the  library  and  museum  of  the  Society.    LMadison,  1895.]     13  p.    O. 

Specifications  for  the  completion  of  the  library  and  museum  building 
for  the  State  Historical  Society  of  Wisconsin.  By  Ferry  and 
Clas,  architects.     Madison:     1897.     169,  12  p.     O. 

Specifications  for  the  stone  carving,  book  stacks  and  accompanying 
iron  work,  electric  fixtures,  and  passenger  elevator  plant  for  the 
library  and  museum  building  of  the  State  Historical  Society  of 
Wisconsin  at  Madison,  Wis.  By  Ferry  and  Clas,  architects.  July 
22,  1899.     Madison,  1899.     40  p.     O. 

Report  of  the  Board  of  Commissioners  for  erecting  the  State  Historical 
library  building,  submitted  to  the  Wisconsin  legislature,  February 
1,  1899.  Published  by  order  of  the  legislature.  Madison:  1899. 
18  p.     O. 

Specifications  for  the  general  furniture;  special  library  furniture; 
chairs;  metal  newspaper  stacks  and  book  supports;  sidewalks, 
sodding,  and  retaining  wall;  and  cork  carpets  and  shades  for  the 
library  and  museum  building  of  the  State  Historical  Society  of 
Wisconsin,  at  Madison.  By  Ferry  &  Clas,  architects,  January  10, 
1900.     Madison,  1900.     60  p.     O. 

Tne  State  Historical  Society  of  Wisconsin.  Exercises  at  the  dedica- 
tion of  its  new  building,  October  19,  1900;  together  with  a  descrip- 


Il6  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 

tion  of  the  building,  accounts  of  the  several  libraries  contained 
therein,  and  a  brief  history  of  the  Society.     Edited  by  Reuben  Gold 
Thwaites.     Memorial    volume.     Madison:    1901.     xii,    139  p.     F. 
With  plans,  lllustratioris,  and  portraits. 

The  Wisconsin  State  Historical  Library  Building  and  the  several  li- 
braries contained  therein.    Edited  by  Reuben  Gold  Thwaites.    From 
Wisconsin    State   Historical    library   building;    memorial    volume, 
1901.     Madison:    1901.     28  p.     F. 
With  plans. 

Portrait  Gallery  Catalogues 

*Catalogue   of   the   picture   gallery   of   the   Society.     [Madison,    1866.] 
lip.     O. 

♦Catalogue  of  the  picture  gallery  of  the  Society,  January  1,  1878.    Madi- 
son, 1878.     16  p.     O. 

First  triennial  catalogue  of  the  portrait  gallery  of  the  Society.  Com- 
piled by  Reuben  G.  Thwaites  and  Daniel  S.  Durrie.  Madison,  1889. 
56  p.     0. 

Second  triennial  catalogue  of  the  portr&,it  gallery  of  the  Society.  Com- 
piled by  Reuben  G.  Thwaites.     Madison,  1892.     xii,  74  p.     O. 

Reports  and  Proceedings 

The  twenty-first  report  was  the  first  published  In  separate  pamphlet  form. 
Karlier  Rcportu  will  be  found  in  the  Collections.  Previous  to  1887,  only  the 
annual  Report  of  the  executive  committee  was  printed — the  numbering  being 
that  of  the  Report,  and  not  of  the  annual  meeting  at  which  it  was  presented, 
(i.  e.,  the  first  annual  Report  of  the  committee  was  submitted  at  the  second 
annual  meeting,  and.  so  on).  But  commencing  with  1887  (the  thirty-fourth 
annual  meeting),  the  Proceedings  of  the  meeting  were  printed,  together  with  ail 
the  reports  and  papers  presented  thereat,  and  the  publication  took  on  the  num- 
ber of  the  meeting.  This  accounts  for  the  apparent  hiatus  between  the  TJUrty- 
second  Annual  Report  (1886)  and  the  Proceedings  of  the  Thirty-fourth  Annual 
Meeting  (1887).     These  respective  publications  are  consecutive. 

Twenty-first  annual  report  [of  the  executive  committee.  Submitted 
at  the  twenty-second  annual  meeting],  January  2,  1875.  Madison, 
1875.     8  p.     O. 

*Twenty-second  annual  report.  January  4,  1876.  Madison,  1876.  16  p.  O. 

Twenty-third  annual  report.    January  2,  1877.    Madison,  1877.  18  p.    O. 

•Twemty-fourth  annual  report.  January  2,  1878.  Madison,  1878.  31  p.  O. 


LIST   OF   PUBLICATIONS,   1850-1902  117 

Twenty-fifth  annual   report.  January  2,   1879.  Madison,   1879.  28  p.  O. 

Twenty-sixth  annual  report.  January  6,  1880.  Madison,  1880.  31  p.  O. 

♦Twenty-seventh  annual  report.  January  3,  1881.  Madison,  1881.  31  p.  O. 

Twenty-eighth  annual  report.  January  3,  1882.  Madison,  1882.  42  p.  O. 

Twenty-ninth,  thirtieth,  and  thirty-first  annual  reports.  January  2, 
1883,  January  2,  1884,  and  January  2,  1885.  Madison,  1885.  55  p.  O. 

Thirty-second  annual  report.  January  7,  1886.  Madison,  1886.  24  p.  O. 

[Proceedings  of  the]  thirty-fourth  annual  meeting,  held  January  6, 
1887  [with  the  thirty-third  annual  report  of  the  executive  commit- 
tee.]    Madison,  1887.     32  p.     O. 

♦Proceedings  of  the  thirty-fifth  annual  meeting,  with  the  thirty-fourth 
annual  report  of  the  executive  committee,  and  James  D.  Butler's 
memorial  address  on  Alexander  Mitchell.  Portrait.  Madison, 
1888.     66  p.     0. 

Proceedings  of  the  thirty-sixth  annual  meeting,  with  the  thirty-fifth 
annual  report  of  the  executive  committee,  and  the  annual  address, 
by  Frederick  J.  Turner,  on  "The  character  and  influence  of  the  fur 
trade  in  Wisconsin."     Madison,  1889.     98  p.     O. 

Proceedings  of  the  thirty-seventh  annual  meeting,  with  the  thirty- 
sixth  annual  report  of  the  executive  committee,  and  the  following 
memorial  addresses:  Nelson  Dewey,  by  Silas  U.  Pinney;  William 
F.  Allen,  by  David  B.  Frankenburger;  Arthur  B.  Braley,  by  Ella 
Wheeler  Wilcox;  Mortimer  M.  Jackson,  by  David  Atwood;  David 
Atwood,  by  Reuben  G.  Thwaites.     Madison,  1890.     113  p.     O. 

Proceedings  of  the  thirty-eighth  annual  meeting  of  the  Society,  held 
January    15,    1891,   with   the   thirty-seventh   annual    report   of   the 
executive  committee,  and  the  biennial  address  on  "'The  higher  edu- 
cation of  the  people,"   delivered   January  28,   1891,  by  Herbert   B. 
Adams.     Madison,  1891.     96  p.     O. 

Proceedings  of  the  thirty-ninth  annual  meeting  of  the  Society,  held 
December  10,  1891,  with  fiscal  reports;  the  annual  report  of  the  ex- 
ecutive committee;  memorial  address  by  Reuben  G.  Thwaites,  on 
Lymaji  Copeland  Draper;  and  memorial  sketch,  by  A.  M.  Thomson, 
on  Asahel  Finch.  Madison,  1892.  100  p.  O. 
With  portrait  of  h.  C.  Draper. 


Il8  WISCONSIN   HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 

Proceedings  of  the  Society  at  its  fortieth  annual  meeting,  held  Decem- 
ber 8,  1892,  with  fiscal  reports,  the  annual  report  of  the  executive 
committee,  and  the  following  addresses:  Daniel  Steele  Durrie,  by 
James  Davie  Butler;  Negro  slavery  in  Wisconsin,  by  John  Nelson 
Davidson;  Jared  Comstock  Gregory,  by  Silas  U.  Pinney;  The  North- 
west in  the  nation,  by  Theodore  Roosevelt.  Madison,  1893.  99  p.  O. 
With  portrait  of  D.  S.  Durrie. 

Proceedings  of  the  Society  at  its  forty-first  annual  meeting,  held  De- 
cember 14,  1893,  with  fiscal  reports,  the  annual  report  of  the  execu- 
tive committee,  and  the  following  addresses:  Prehistoric  pottery — 
Middle  Mississippi  Valley,  by  James  Davie  Butler;  The  significance 
of  the  frontier  in  American  history,  by  Frederick  Jackson  Turner;  A 
brief  history  of  the  elective  franchise  in  Wisconsin,  by  Florence 
Elizabeth  Baker;  The  financial  history  of  Wisconsin  Territory,  by 
Matthew  Brown  Hammond;  Copper  currency  in  Louisiana  in  colo- 
nial times  (1721-1726),  by  G.  Devron.     Madison,  1894.     173  p.     O. 

Wltli  illustrations  of  interior  of  old  library  and  of  prehistoric  pottery  in 
museum. 

Proceedings  of  the  Society  at  its  forty-second  annual  meeting,  held 
December  13,  1894,  with  fiscal  reports,  the  annual  report  of  the 
executive  committee,  and  the  following  addresses:  Early  shipping 
on  Lake  Superior,  by  James  Davie  Butler;  The  Free  Soil  party  in 
Wisconsin,  by  Theodore  Clarke  Smith.     Madison,  1895.     162  p.     O. 

Proceedings  of  the  Society  at  its  forty-third  annual  meeting,  held  De- 
cember 12,  1895,  with  fiscal  reports,  the  annual  report  of  the  execu- 
tive committee,  and  the  following  addresses:  Radisson's  Journal: 
its  value  in  history,  by  Henry  Colin  Campbell;  The  fugitive  slave 
law  in  Wisconsin,  with  reference  to  nullification  sentiment,  by  Vro- 
man  Mason;  Early  legislation  concerning  Wisconsin  banks,  by 
William  Ward  Wight.     Madison,  1896.     161  p.     O. 

Proceedings  of  the  Society  at  its  forty-fourth  annual  meeting,  held 
December  10,  1896.  With  fiscal  reports;  the  annual  report  of  the 
executive  committee;  and  the  following  addresses:  Lake  Mills  in 
the  war  of  secession,  by  Elisha  W.  Keyes.  The  West  as  a  field  for 
historical  study,  by  Frederick  Jackson  Turner.  Available  material 
.  for  the  study  of  the  institutional  history  of  the  Old  Northwest,  by 
Isaac  Samuel  Bradley.  Evolution  vs.  revolution,  in  politics,  by 
Andrew  D.  White.  Madison,  1897.  164  p.  O. 
With  illustration  of  the  new  library  building. 

Proceedings  of  the  Society  at  its  forty-fifth  annual  meeting,  held  De- 
cember 9  and  16,  1897.     Madison:  1898.     196  p.     O. 

With  illustrations  and  floor  plans  of  the  new  library  building. 


LIST  OF  PUBLICATIONS,  1850-1902 


119 


Proceedings  of  the  Society  at  its  forty-sixth  annual  meeting  held  De- 
cember 8,  1898,   and   of  the  state  historical  convention   held  Feb- 
ruary 22  and  23,  1899.     Madison:  1899.     230  p.     O. 
With   illustrations   of   tlio   mnv   lilii-ary   I>uildiiig. 

Proceedings  of  the  Society  at  its  forty-seventh  annual  meeting  held 
December  14,  1899,  and  of  the  state  historical  convention  held  at 
Green  Bay,  September  5-7,  1899.     Madison:  1900.     221  p.     O. 
With   illustration   anil  floor  plans  of  tlie   new   library   liuilding. 

Proceedings  of  the  Society  at  its  forty-eighth  annual  meeting  held  De- 
cember 13,  1900.     Madison:  1901.     103  p.     O. 

Proceedings  of  the  Society  at  its  forty-ninth  annual  meeting  held  De- 
cember 12,   1901,   and   of   the   state   historical   convention   held   at 
Milwaukee,  October  11-12,  1901.     Madison:    1902.     211  p. 
tions.     O. 

With  portraits  and  illustrations. 

Separates 

Prehistoric  Wisconsin.  By  James  D.  Butler.  Annual  address  before 
the  Society,  February  18,  1876.     [Madison,  1876.]     31  p.     O. 

With   five   plates.     Also   includes  article  on    WcstphaJian   medal,  IGlfi,   by 
J.  D.  Butler. 

From  Historical  Collections,  v.  7. 

♦The  Swiss  colony  of  New  Glarus.     By  John   Luchsinger.     With  ad- 
ditional notes  by  J.  J.  Tschudy.     Madison,  1879.     35  p.     O. 
From  Uistorical  Collections,  v.  8. 

A  biographical  sketch  of  Hon.  Charles  H.  Larrabee.     By  Lyman  C. 
Draper.     [Madison,  1882.]     25  p.     O. 
From  Historical  Collections,  v.  9. 

Portraits  of  Columbus.  A  monograph  by  James  D.  Butler.  Madi- 
son, 1883.     23  p.     O. 

From  Historical  Collections,  v.  9. 

Memorial  addresses  on  the  life  and  character  of  Hou.  C.  C.   Wash- 
burn,  LL.   D.,   late  governor   of   Wisconsin.     Before   the   Society, 
July  25,  1882.     Portrait.     Madison,  1883.     41  p.     O. 
From  Historical  Collections,  v.  9. 

♦Alexander  Mitchell,  the  financier.  Address  delivered  by  James  D. 
Butler,  before  the  Society,  January  5,  1888.  Portrait.  [Madison, 
1888.]     24  p.     O. 

From  Proceedinys,  thirty-fifth  annual  tneetiny,  Jan.,  1888, 


I20  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 

*French  fort  at  Prairie  du  Chien;  and  Tay-cho-pe-rah,  the  Four  Lake 
country.     By  J.  D.  Butler.     I  Madison,  1888.]     37  p.     O. 

From    lliHtoriral    VoUviiioiw,    v.    10. 

Early  days  in  Jefferson  county.     By  Elisha  W.  Keyes.     Edited  and 
annotated  by  Reuben  G.  Thwaites.     [Madison,  1888.]     20  p.     O. 
From  Historical  Collections,  v.  11. 

Local  government  in  Wisconsin.     By   David   E.   Spencer.     [Madison, 
1888.]     10  p.     O. 
From  Historical  Collections,  v.  11. 

Reminiscences  of  Morgan  L.  Martin,  1827-1887.  Edited  and  anno- 
tated, with  biographical  sketch,  by  Reuben  G.  Thwaites.  [Madi- 
son, 1888.]     39  p.     O. 

From  Historical  Collections,  v.  11. 

The  boundaries  of  Wisconsin;  with  a  general  historical  survey  of  the 
division   of  the   Northwest   Territory   into  states.     Illustrated   by 
eleven  maps.     By  Reuben  G.  Thwaites.     [Madison,  1888.]     53  p.     O. 
From  Historical  Collections,  v.  11. 

The  character  and  influence  of  the  fur  trade  in  Wisconsin.     By  Fred- 
erick J.  Turner.     An  address  before  the  Society,  January  3,  1889. 
[Madison,  1889.]     48  p.     O. 
From  Proceedings,  thirty-sixth  annual  meetiny,  Jan.  1889. 

Nelson  Dewey.  By  Silas  U.  Pinney.  Memorial  address  delivered  be- 
fore the  Society,  January  2,  1890.     [Madison,  1890.]     14  p.     O. 

From  Proceedings,  thirfi/serenth  annual  meetintj.  .Jan.,  1800. 

Preliminary  notes  on  the  distribution  of  foreign  groups  in  Wisconsin. 
By  Reuben  G.  Thwaites.     [Madison,  1890.]     7  p.     O. 
From  Proceedings,  thirti/seventh  annual  meeting,  Jan.,  1890. 

William  Francis  Allen.  By  David  B.  Frankenburger.  Memorial  ad- 
dress delivered  before  the  Society,  January  2,  1890.  [Madison, 
1890.]     lip.     O. 

From  Proceedings,  thirlu-sevcnth  annual  meeting,  Jan.,  1890. 

The  higher  education  of  the  people.  An  address  delivered  before 
the  Society,  January  28,  1891.  By  Herbert  B.  Adams.  [Madison, 
1891.1     30  p.     O. 

From  Proceedings,  thirty-eighth  annual  meeting,  Jan.,  1891. 

Lyman    Copeland    Draper:    a   memoir.     By   Reuben    Gold    Thwaites. 
Portrait.     Madison,  1892.     22  p.     0. 
From  Historical  Collections,  v.  12. 


LIST  OF   PUBLICATIONS,   1850-1902  12 1 

The  story  of  the  Black  Hawk  war.     By  Reuben  Gold  Thwaites.     Map. 
Madison,  1892.     51  p.     O. 

From  Historical  Collectionis,  v.  12. 

*How  Wisconsin  came  by  its  large  German  element.     By  Kate  Asa- 
phine  Everest.     Colored  map.     Madison,  1892.     38  p.     O. 
From  Historical  Collections,  v.  12. 

The   planting   of   the   Swiss   colony   at   New    Glarus,    Wis.     By   John 
Luchsinger.     Madison,   1892.     48  p.     O. 
From  Historical  Collections^  v.  12. 

*A  rare  Wisconsin  book.     By   Theodore   Lee   Cole.     [Madison,   1892.] 
7  p.     O. 

From  Historical  Collections,  v.  12. 

Missions  on  Chequamegon   Bay.     By   John   Nelson   Davidson.     Madi- 
son, 1892.     20  p.     0. 

From  Historical  Collections,  v.  12. 

[List  of  J  Publications  of  the  Society,  1850-92.  Madison,  1892.  7  p.  O. 
B^rom  Historical  Collections,  v.  12. 

Negro  slavery   in  Wisconsin.     By  John   Nelson   Davidson.     Madison, 
1893.     5  p.     O. 

From  Proceedings,  fortieth  annual  meeting,  Dec,  1892. 

The  Northwest  in  the  nation.     Biennial  address  before  the  Society, 
January  24,  1893.    By  Theodore  Roosevelt.    Madison,  1893.    9  p.    O. 
From  Proceedings,  fortieth  annual  meeting,  Dec,  1802. 

♦The  significance  of  the  frontier  in  American  history.     By  Frederick 
Jackson  Turner.     Madison,   1894.     34  p.     O. 

From  Proceedings,  forty-first  annual  meeting,  Dec,  1893. 

Prehistoric  pottery  from  Missouri  and  Arkansas,  in  the  Museum  of 
the  Society.  I. — Prehistoric  pottery,  Middle  Mississippi  Valley, 
by  James  Davie  Butler.  II. — Prehistoric  remains  in  the  St. 
Francis  Valley,  by  William  J.  Seever.  III. — Locality  list  of  the 
Seever  pottery  collection.  Madison,  1894.  9  p.  O. 
From  Proceedings,  fortif-first  annual  meeting,  Dec,  1893. 

The  financial   history   of  Wisconsin   Territory.     By   Matthew   Brown 
Hammond.     Madison,  1894.     37  p.     O. 

From  Proceedings,  forty-first  annual  meeting,  Dec,  1893. 

9 


122  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 

A  brief  history  of  the  elective  franchise  in  Wisconsin.     By  Florence 
Elizabeth  Baker.     Madison,  1894.     18  p.     O. 

From  Proceedings,  forty-first  annual  mectiny,  Dec,  1893. 

Notes  on  early  lead  mining  in  the  Fever  (or  Galena)  River  region. 
.      By  Reuben  Gold  Thwaites.     Madison,  1895.     24  p.     O. 
From  Historical  Collections,  v.  13. 

The  first  census  of  Wisconsin  Territory,  taken  July,  1836,  and  now 
for  the  first  time   published   in   detail.     Edited   by   Reuben   Gold 
Thwaites.     Madison,  1895.     26  p.     O. 
From  Historical  Collections,  v.  33. 

The  Story  of  Chequamegon  Bay.     By  Reuben  Gold  Thwaites.     Madi- 
son, 1895.     31  p.     O. 

From  Historical  Collections,  v.  13. 

*I. — Significance  of  the  lead  and  shot  trade  in  early  Wisconsin  his- 
tory.    II. — Chronicle  of  the  Helena  Shot  Tower.     By  Orin  Grant 
Libby.     Five  maps.     Madison,  1895.     83  p.     O. 
From  Historical  Collections,  v.  13. 

The  Belgians  of  Northeast  Wisconsin,  by  Xavier  Martin.     Madison, 
1895.     23  p.     O. 

From  Historical  Collections,  v.  13. 

Early  shipping  on  Lake   Superior.     By  James   Davie  Butler.     Madi- 
son, 1895.     12  p.     O. 

From  Proceedings  forty-second  annual  meeting,  Dec,  1894. 

The  Free  Soil  party  in  Wisconsin.    By  Theodore  Clarke  Smith.    Madi- 
son, 1895.     66  p.     O. 

From  Proceedings  forty-second  annual  meeting,  Dec,  1894. 

Early   legislation    concerning   Wisconsin    banks.     By   William   Ward 
Wight.     Madison,  1895.     19  p.     O. 

From  Proceedings,  forty-third  annual  meeting,  Dec,  1895. 

Radisson's  Journal:   its  value  in  history.     By  Henry  Colin  Campbell. 
Madison,  1895.     30  p.     O. 

From  Proceedings,  forty-third  annual  meeting,  Dec,  1895. 

The  fugitive  slave  law '  in  Wisconsin,  with  reference  to  nullification 
sentiment.     By  Vroman  Mason.     Madison,  1895.     29  p.     O. 
From  Proceedings,  forty-third  annual  meeting,  Dec.  1895. 


LIST  OF  PUBLICATIONS,  1850-1902  123 

Evolution  vs.  revolution,  in  politics.  By  Andrew  D.  White.  Madi- 
son:  1897.     22  p.     O. 

From  Proceedings,  forty-fourth  annual  meeting,  Dec,  1896. 

Lake  Mills  in  the  war  of  secession.  By  Elisha  "W.  Keyes.  Madison: 
1897.     10  p.     O. 

From  Proceedings,  forty-fourth  annual  meeting,  Dec,  1896. 

List  of  publications  of  the  State  Historical  Society  of  Wisconsin, 
1850-96.     12p.     O. 

From  Proceedings,  forty-fourth  annual  meeting,  Dec,  1896. 

I. — The  West  as  a  field  for  historical  study.  By  Frederick  Jackson 
Turner.  II. — Available  material  for  the  study  of  institutional  his- 
tory of  the  Old  Northwest,  by  Isaac  Samuel  Bradley.     Madison: 

1897.  37  p.     O. 

From  Proceedings,  forty-fourth  annual  meeting,  Dec,  1896. 

Army  life  in  Wisconsin  territory:  I. — The  history  of  Fort  Winne- 
bago. By  Andrew  Jackson  Turner.  II. — Fort  Winnebago  orderly 
book,  1834-36.  III. — Abraham  Lincoln  in  the  Black  Hawk  war. 
By  Alfred  Augustus  Jackson.  IV. — An  English  oflBcer's  descrip- 
tion of  Wisconsin,  in  1837.  By  Capt.  Frederick  Marryat.  Madi- 
son:    1898.     91  p.     O. 

From  Historical  Collections,  v.  14. 

The  Cornish  in  southwest  Wisconsin.  By  Louis  Albert  Copeland. 
Madison:     1898.     36  p.     O. 

From  Historical  Collections,  v.  14. 

Early  Episcopalianism  in  Wisconsin:  I. — Journal  of  an  Episcopalian 
missionary's  tour  to  Green  Bay,  1834.  By  Jackson  Kemper,  D.  D. 
II. — Documents  relating  to  the  Episcopal  church  and  mission  in 
Green  Bay,  1825-41.  Edited  and  annotated  by  Reuben  G.  Thwaites. 
Madison:  1898.  123  p.  O. 
From  Historical  Collections,  v.  14. 

Father  Samuel  Mazzuchelli.     By  James  Davie  Butler,  LL.  D.     Madi- 
son, 1898.     Portrait.     9  p.     O. 
From  Historical  Collections,  v.  14. 

♦The  First  Wisconsin  Cavalry  at  the  capture  of  Jefferson  Davis.  By 
Gen.    Henry    Harnden,    commanding    the    expedition.      Madison: 

1898.  18  p.     O. 

From  Historical  Collections,  v.  14. 

Geographical  origin  of  German  immigration  to  Wisconsin.     By  Kate 
Everest  Levi,  Ph.  D.    Madison,  1898.    54  p.    O. 
From  Historical  OoUections,  v.  14. 


124 


WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 


A  history  of  early  railroad  legislation  in  Wisconsin.     By  Balthasar 
Henry  Meyer,  Ph.  D.     Madison,  1898.     96'p.     O. 
From  Historical  Collections,  v.  14. 

Reminiscences    of    early    days    on    Mackinac    Island.      By    Elizabeth 
Th6r§se  Baird.     Madison,  1898.     50  p.     O. 
From  Historical  Collections,  v.  14. 

The  story  of  Mackinac.     By  Reuben  Gold  Thwaites.     Madison:   1898. 
16  p.     O. 

From  Historical  Collections,  v.  14. 

A   bibliographical   account   of   the   Wisconsin   constitutional    conven- 
tions.    By  Florence  Elizabeth  Baker.     Madison:   1898.     37  p.     O. 
From  Proceedings,  fortu-fifth  annual  meeting,  Dec,  18!t7. 

Constitution  and  by-laws  of  the  State  Historical  Society  of  Wiscon- 
sin.    [Madison:     1898.1     10  p.     O. 

From  Proceedings,  forty-fifth  annual  meeting,  Dec,  1897. 

How  Germans   become   Americans.     By  Ernest  Bruncken.     Madison, 

1898.  22  p.     0. 

From  Proceedings,  fortg-fifth  annual  meeting,  Dec,  1897. 

Ichabod  Codding.     By  Hannah  Maria  Preston  Codding;    with  an  in- 
troduction by  Joseph  Henry  Crooker.     Madison,  1898.     28  p.     O. 
From  Proceedings,  fortg-fiflk  annual  meeting,  Dec,  1897. 

Allouez,  and  his  relations  to  La  Salle.     By  Joseph  Stephen  La  BouUe. 
Madison,  1899.     15  p.     O. 

From  Proceedings,  fortg-sixth  annual  meeting,  Dec,  1898. 

The  first  Norwegian  settlements  in  America  within  the  present  cen- 
tury.    By  Rasmus  B.  Anderson.     Madison,  1899.     19  p.     O. 

From  Proceedings,  furtg-siJi^th  annual  meeting,  Dec,  1898. 

The    futui-e    of    northern    Wisconsin.     By    James    O'Neill.     Madison, 

1899.  10  p.     O. 

From  Proceedings,  forty-sixth  annual  meeting,  Dec,  1898. 

The    German-American    press.     By    Emil    Baensch.     Madison,    1899. 
7  p.     O. 

From  Proceedings,  forty-sixth  annual  meeting,  Dec,  1898. 

The  great  lakes  in  relation  to  the  railroad  development  of  northern 
Wisconsin.     Madison,  1899.        16  p.     O. 

From  Proceedings,  forty-sixth  annual  meeting,  Dec,  1898. 


LIST  OF   PUBLICATIONS,   1850-1902  125 

The  history  of  a  great  industry.  By  John  Luchsinger.  Madison, 
1899.     6  p.     0. 

From  Proceedings,  forty-sixth  annual  meeting,  Dec,  1898. 

The  influence  of  the  French  regime  in  the  Valley  of  the  Fox.  By 
Ella  Hoes  Neville.     Madison,  1899.     8  p.     0. 

From  Procecdinyfi,  forty-Hixth  annual  mectinf/,  Dec,  1898. 

The  old  Fort  at  Fort  Atkinson.  By  D.  D.  Mayne,  Madison,  1899. 
7  p.     O. 

From  Procecdinys,  forty-sixth  annual  mcctinr/,  Dec,  1898. 

The  origin  and  results  of  the  imperial  federation  movement  in  Eng- 
land.    By  George  Burton  Adams.     Madison,  1899.     26  p.     O. 
From  Proceedings,  forty-sixth  annual  mectinf/,  Dec,  1898. 

The  Puritan  influence  in  Wisconsin.  By  Ellis  B.  Usher.  Madison, 
1899.     14  p.     O. 

From  Procccdinf/s,  forty-sixth  annual  mcetimj,  Dec,  1898. 

The  settlement  of  Beloit,  as  typical  of  the  best  westward  migration 
of  the  American  stock.  By  Henry  M.  Whitney.  Madison,  1899. 
9  p.     O. 

From  Procecdinys,  forty-sixth  annual  mcetiny,  Dec,  1898. 

Some   distinctive   characteristics   of   the  history  of   our   lead   region. 
By  John  Nelson  Davidson.     Madison,  1899.     15  p.     O. 
From  Procecdinys,  forty-sixth  annual  mcetiny,  Dec,  1898. 

Diary  of  one  of  the  original  colonists  of  New  Glarus,  1845.  Trans- 
lated from,  the  German  of  Mathias  Duerst.  By  John  Luchsinger. 
Madison,  1900.     46  p.     O. 

From  Historical  Collections,  v.  15. 

Early  Presbyterianism  in  Wisconsin.     I. — Sketch  of  Cutting  Marsh. 
By  John  E.  Chapin,  D.  D.     II. — Documents  relating  to  the  Stock- 
bridge  Mission,  1825-48.     Madison,  1900.     181  p.     O. 
From  Historical  Collections,  v.  15. 

A  Methodist  circuit  rider's  horseback  tour  from  Pennsylvania  to  Wis- 
consin in  1835.  By  Alfred  Brunson,  D.  D.    Madison,  1900.    29  p.    O. 
From  Historical  Collections,  v.  1.5. 

Pioneering  in  the  Wisconsin  lead  region.  By  Theodore  Rodolf.  Madi- 
son, 1900.     52  p.     O. 

From  Historical  Collections,  v.  15. 


126  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 

Reminiscences  of   life   in   territorial   Wisconsin,   1824-42.     By   Eliza- 
beth Therese  Baird.     Madison,  1900.     61  p.     O. 
From  Historical  Collections,  v.  15. 

The  coming  of  the  New  York  Indians  to  Wisconsin.  By  John  Nelson 
Davidson,  A.  M.     Madison,  1900.     35  p.     O. 

From  ProcccdiiifjSj  forty-seventh  annual  mectlnu,  Dec,  1899. 

The  Fox  River  Valley  in  the  days  of  the  fur  trade.  By  Deborah 
Beaumont  Martin.     Madison,  1900.       13  p.     O. 

From  ProcccdinySj  forty-seccnth  annual  meeting,  Dec,  1899. 

The  military  history  of  Green  Bay.  By  William  L.  Evans.  Madison. 
1900.     20  p.     O. 

From  Procecdinys,  forty-seventh  annual  meeting,  Dec,  1899. 

The  Outagamie  village  at  West  Menasha.  By  Publius  V.  Lawson. 
Madison,  1900.     8  p.     O. 

From  Procecdinys,  forty-seventh  annual  meeting,  Dec,  1899. 

The  story  of  the  Fox-Wisconsin  rivers  improvement.  By  John  Bell 
Sanborn.     Madison,  1900.     10  p.     O. 

From  Proceedings,  forty-seventh  annual  meeting,  Dec,  1899. 

The  political  activity  of  Wisconsin  Germans,  1854-60.  By  Ernest 
Bruncken.     Madison:   1901.     23  p.     O. 

From  Proceedings,  forty-ninth  annual  mccPing,  Dec,  19U1. 

Report  of  the  Wisconsin  state  historical  convention  held  at  Milwau- 
kee October  11  and  12,  1901,  under  the  auspices  of  the  State  His- 
torical Society  of  Wisconsin,  with  the  following  addresses:  James 
K.  Hosmer,  The  Mississippi  Valley  Organized;  John  G.  Gregory, 
Foreign  Immigration  to  Wisconsin;  W.  Hense-Jensen,  Influence 
of  the  Germans  in  Wisconsin;  J.  W.  S.  Tomkiewicz,  Polanders  in 
Wisconsin;  James  A.  Bryden,  The  Scots  in  Wisconsin;  J.  J.  Vlach, 
Our  Bohemian  Population;  H.  G.  Underwood,  Wisconsin's  Con- 
tribution to  American  Inventions;  Ellis  B.  Usher,  New  England 
Influence  in  Milwaukee;  J.  N.  Davidson,  Our  Northward  Nesho- 
tah;  J.  B.  Graham,  Population  of  St.  Croix  Co.,  1850-70;  Ernest 
Bruncken,  Political  Activity  of  Wisconsin  Germans,  1854-60.  Madi- 
son:  1902.     93  p.     O. 

From  Proceedings,  forty-ninth  annual  meeting,  Dec,  1901. 


PERIODICALS  AND  NEWSPAPERS  RECEIVED  12* 


PERIODICALS   AND    NEWSPAPERS    CURRENTLY   RECEIVED   AT 

THE  LIBRARY  OP  THE  STATE   HISTORICAL   SOCIETY 

OF  WISCONSIN 

[Corrected  to  January  1,  19031 

Periodicals 

Academy,     (w)     London. 

Acadiensis.     (q)     St.  John,  N.  B. 

Alumni  Report,     (m)     Philadelphia. 

American  Anthropologist,     (q)     New  York. 

American  Antiquarian,     (bi-m)     Chicago. 

American  Catholic  Historical   Researches,     (q)     Philadelphia. 

American  Catholic  Quarterly  Review.     Philadelphia. 

American  Economic  Association,   Publications,     (q)     New  York. 

American  Economist,     (w)     New  York. 

American  Geographical  Society,  Bulletin,     (bi-m)     New  York. 

American  Historical  Magazine,     (q)     Nashville. 

American  Historical  Review,     (q)     New  York. 

American  Issue,     (m)     Columbus. 

American  Lumberman,     (w)     Chicago. 

American  Missionary,     (m)     New  York. 

American  Monthly  Magazine.     Washington. 

American  Philosophical  Society  Proceedings.     Philadelphia. 

American  Pressman,     (m)     St.  Louis. 

American  School  Board  Journal,     (m)     Milwaukee. 

American  Statistical  Association,  Publications,     (q)     Boston. 

American  Thresherman.     (m)     Madison. 

Anishinabe  Enamiad.     (m)     Harbor  Springs,  Mich. 

Annals  of  Iowa,     (q)     Des  Moines. 

Annals  of  St.  Joseph,     (m)     West  De  Pere. 

Antiquary,     (m)     London. 

'Arena,     (m)     Boston. 

Athena?um.     (w)     London. 

Atlantic  Monthly.     Boston. 

Baltimore  &  Ohio  Ry.  Co.,  Relief  Dept.     Statement  of  Disbursements. 

(m)     Baltimore. 
Berkshire  Athenaeum,  Quarterly  Bulletin.     Pittsfield,  Mass. 
Bible  Society  Record,     (m)     New  York. 
Biblia.     (m)     Meriden,  Conn. 


128  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 

Bibliotheca  Sacra,     (q)     Oberlin,  Ohio. 

Black  and  Red.     (m)     Watertown. 

Blackwood's  Magazine,     (m)     Edinburgli. 

Book  Buyer,     (m)     New  York. 

Bookman,     (m)     New  York. 

Bookseller,     (m)     Chicago. 

Bookseller,     (m)     London. 

Boston  Book  Co.,  Bulletin  of  Bibliography,     (q) 

Boston  Ideas,     (w) 

Boston  Public  Library,  Monthly  Bulletin. 

British  Patents.     London. 

Brooklyn  (N.  Y.)  Public  Library,  Co-operative  Bulletin,     (m) 

Browning's  Magazine,     (m)     Milwaukee. 

Buenos  Ayres   (S.  A.)   Monthly  Bulletin  of  Municipal  Statistics. 

Bulletin,     (m)     Evansville. 

Bulletin,     (m)     Nashville. 

Bureau  of  American  Republics,  Monthly  Bulletin.     Washington. 

By  the  Wayside,     (m)     Madison. 

California  State  Library,  Quarterly  Bulletin.     Sacramento. 

Cambridge    (Mass.)   Public  Library  Bulletin,     (m) 

Camp  Cleghorn  Assembly  Herald,     (m)     Waupaca, 

Canadian  Bookseller,     (m)     Toronto. 

Canadian  Magazine,     (m)     Toronto. 

Canadian  Patent  Office  Record,     (m)     Ottawa. 

Carnegie  Library,  Monthly  Bulletin.     Pittsburgh. 

Catholic  World,     (m)     New  York. 

Century,     (m)     New  York. 

Chambers's  Journal,     (m)     Edinburgh. 

Charities,     (w)     New  York. 

Chautauquan.     (m)     Springfield,  Ohio. 

Chicago,  Statistics  of  City  of.     (bi-m.) 

Christian  Register,     (w)     Boston. 

Church  News,     (m)     St.  Louis. 

Church  Times,     (m)     Milwaukee. 

Cincinnati  Public  Library,  Library  Leaflet,     (m) 

Cincinnati  Public  Library,  Quarterly  Bulletin. 

Cleveland  Terminal  &  Valley  Ry.  Co.,  Relief  Dept.   Statement  of  Re- 
ceipts and  Disbursements. 

Clinique.     (m)     Chicago. 

Club  Woman,     (m)     Boston. 

College  Chips,     (m)     Decorah,  Iowa. 

Columbia  University  Quarterly.     New  York. 

Columbia  University.     Studies  in  Political  Science.     New  York. 

Commons,     (m)     Chicago. 

Comptes  Rendus  de  I'Athenee  Louisianais.     (m).     New  Orleans. 


PERIODICALS  AND  NEWSPAPERS  RECEIVED 

Connecticut  Magazine,     (m)     Martford. 

Contemporary  Review,     (m)     London. 

Coolc's  Excursionist,     (m)     New   York. 

Co-operator,     (w)     Burley,  Wash. 

Cosmopolitan,     (m)     New  Yorlt. 

Cossitt  Library  Bulletin,     (m)     Memphis,  Tenn. 

Country  Life  in  America,     (m)     New  York. 

Critic,     (m)     New  York. 

Cumulative  Index  to  Periodicals,     (m)     Cleveland. 

Current  History  and  Modern  Culture,     (m)     Boston. 

Current  Literature,     (m)     New  York. 

Dakotan.     (m)     Sioux  Falls. 

Dedham   Historical   Register,      (q)     Dedham,   Mass. 

Deutsch-Amerikanische  Geschichtsblatter.     (m)     Chicago. 

Dial,     (s-m)     Chicago. 

Dietetic  and  Hygienic  Gazette,     (m)     New  York. 

Direct  Legislation  Record,     (q)     Newark. 

Directory  Bulletin,     (q)     Milwaukee. 

Dover   (N.  H.)   Public  Library  Bulletin. 

Dublin  Review,     (q)      Dublin. 

Edinburgh  Review,      (q)     Edinburgh. 

English  Historical  Review,     (q)     London. 

Era.     (m)     Philadelphia. 

Essex  Antiquarian,     (q)      Salem,  Mass. 

Essex  Institute  Historical  Collections,     (q)     Salem,  Mass. 

Evangelical  Episcopalian,     (m)     Chicago. 

Evangeliets  Sendebud.     (m)     Battle  Creek,  Mich. 

Evangelisk  Luthersk  Kirketidende.     (w)     Decorah,  Iowa. 

Fame,     (m)     New  York. 

Flaming  Sword,     (w)     Chicago. 

Forestry  and  Irrigation,     (m)     Washington. 

Fortnightly   Review,     (m)     London. 

Forum,     (q)     New  York. 

Free  Russia,     (w)     London. 

Friends'    Intelligencer  and    Journal,     (w)     Philadelphia. 

Genealogical  Advertiser,     (q)     Cambridge,  Mass. 

Genealogical  Quarterly  Magazine.     Burlington,  Vt. 

Gentleman's  Magazine,     (m)     London. 

Gideon   Quarterly.     Madison. 

Good  Government,     (m)     New  York. 

Gulf  States  Historical  Magazine,     (bi-m)     Montgomery,  Ala. 

Hale  House  Log.     (bi-m)     Boston. 

Harper's  Magazine,     (m)     New  York. 

Harper's  Weekly.     New  York. 

Hartford  Seminary  Record,     (q)     Hartford,  Conn. 


129 


130  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 

Harvard  University  Calendar,     (w)     Cambridge,  Mass. 
Haverhill   (Mass.)   Public  Library  Bulletin,     (bi-m) 
Helping  Hand,     (m)     Ashland. 
Hiram  House  Life,     (bi-m)     Cleveland. 
Historic  Quarterly.     Manchester,  N.  H. 
Hoard's  Dairyman,     (w)     Fort  Atkinson. 
Home  Missionary,     (q)     New  York. 
Home  Visitor,     (m)     Chicago. 
House  Beautiful,     (m)     Chicago. 
Illustrated  London  News,     (w)     London. 
Illustrated  Official  Journal  (Patents),     (w)     London. 
Illustrated  Official  Journal  (Patents)  Abridgments,     (w)     London. 
Illustrated  Official  Journal  (Patents)  Reports  of  Cases,     (w)     London. 
Illustreret  Familie-Journal.     (w)     Minneapolis. 
Independent,     (w)     New  York. 
Index  and  Review,     (m)     Washington. 
Index  Library,     (q)     Birmingham,  Eng. 

Indiana   Bulletin    of   Charities   and    Correction,     (q)     Indianapolis. 
International  Good  Templar,     (m)     Milwaukee. 
International  Quarterly.     Burlington,  Vt. 
International  Socialist  Review,     (m)     Chicago. 
Iowa  Journal  of  History  and  Politics,     (q)     Iowa  City. 
Iowa  Masonic  Library,  Quarterly  Bulletin.     Cedar  Rapids. 
Irrigation  Age.     (m)     Chicago. 
Jersey  man.     (q)     Flemington,  N.  J. 
Johns  Hopkins  University  Circulars,     (m)     Baltimore. 
Johns  Hopkins  University  Studies.     Baltimore. 
Journal  of  American  Folk-Lore,     (q)     Boston. 

Journal  of  Cincinnati  Society  of  Natural  History,     (q)     Cincinnati. 
Journal  of  Political  Economy,     (q)     Chicago. 
Journal  of  the  Franklin   Institute,     (m)     Philadelphia. 
Journal  of  Zotiphily.     (m)     Philadelphia. 
Kansas  City  (Mo.)  Public  Library,  Quarterly. 
Kansas  University  Science  Bulletin,     (bi-m)     Lawrence. 
Kimball  Family  News,     (m)     Topeka,  Kan. 
Kingsley  House  Record,     (m)     Pittsburg. 
Kodak,     (m)     Milwaukee. 
Lamp,     (m)     Oshkosh. 
Letters  on  Brewing,     (q)     Milwaukee. 
Lewisiana.     (m)     Guilford,  Conn. 
Liberia,     (bi-y)     Washington. 
Library,     (q)     London.  - 
Library  Journal,     (m)     New  York. 

Library    Record:    Bulletin    of    Jersey    City    (N.    J.)    Public    Library, 
(bi-m) 


PERIODICALS  AND  NEWSPAPERS  RECEIVED 


131 


Light,     (m)     La  Crosse. 

Literary  Digest,     (wj     New  York. 

Literary  News,     (m)     New  York. 

Littell's  Living  Age.     (w)     Boston. 

Living  Church  Quarterly.     Milwaukee. 

Lost  Cause,     (m)     Louisville,  Ky. 

Lower  Norfolk  County  Virginia  Antiquary.     Richmond. 

Lutheraneren.     (w)     Minneapolis. 

McClure's  Magazine,     (m)     New  York. 

Macmillan's  Magazine,     (m)     London. 

Masonic  Tidings,     (m)     Milwaukee. 

Mayflower  Descendant,     (q)     Boston. 

Medford  (Mass.)  Historical  Register,     (q) 

Methodist  Review,     (bi-m)     New  York. 

Mitteilungen    der   Geographischen    Gesellschaft   und    des   Naturhistor- 

ischen  Museums  in  Liibeck. 
Michigan,  Dairy  and  Food  Dept.,  Bulletin,     (m)     Lansing. 
Milton  College  Review,     (m)     Milton. 
Milwaukee  Health  Department,  Monthly  Report. 
Milwaukee  Medical  Journal,     (m) 

Milwaukee  Public  Library,  Quarterly  Index  of  Additions. 
Milwaukee  School  Board  Proceedings. 
Missionary  Herald,     (m)     Boston. 
Monona  Lake  Quarterly.     Madison. 
Motor,     (m)     Madison. 
Municipality,     (m)     Madison. 
Munsey's  Magazine,     (m)     New  York. 
Nation,     (w)     New  York. 

National  Assoc,  of  Wool  Manufacturers,  Bulletin,     (q)     Boston. 
National  Review,     (m)     London. 
Nature  Study,     (m)     Manchester,  N.  H. 
Nebraska  Bulletin  of  Labor.     Lincoln. 
Neighbor,     (m)     Chicago. 

New  Bedford   (Mass.)   Free  Public  Library,  Monthly  Bulletin. 
New  Century,     (w)     Point  Loma,  Cal. 

New  England  Historical  and  Genealogical  Register,     (q)     Boston. 
New  England  Magazine,     (m)     Boston. 

New  Hampshire   Library  Commission,   Bulletin,     (q)     Concord. 
New  Jersey  Historical  Society,  Proceedings.     Paterson. 
New  Philosophy,     (q)     Lancaster,  Pa. 
New  Shakespeareana.     (q)     Westfield,  N.  J. 
New  York  Dept.  of  Labor,  Bulletin,     (q)     New  York. 
New  York  Public  Library  Bulletin,     (m)     New  York. 
Newark  (N.  J.)  Free  Public  Library,  Library  News,     (m) 
Nineteenth  Century     (m)     London. 


132 


WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 


Normal  Advance,     (m)     Oshkosh. 

Normal  Pointer,     (m)     Stevens  Point. 

North  American  Review,     (m)     New  York. 

North  Carolina  Booklet,     (m)     Raleigh. 

North  Carolina  Historical  and  Genealogical  Register,     (q)     Edenton. 

Northern  Osteopath  and  Cosmopolitan  Osteopath,     (m)     Minneapolis. 

Northwest  Magazine,     (m)     St.  Paul. 

Northwestern  Miller,     (w)     Minneapolis. 

Notes  and  Queries,     (m)     London. 

Notes  and  Queries,     (m)     Manchester,  N.  H. 

Nouvelle-France.     (m)     Quebec. 

Ohio  Archaeological  and  Historical  Quarterly.     Columbus. 

Old  Continental,     (bi-m)     Des  Moines. 

"Old  Northwest"  Genealogical  Quarterly.     Columbus. 

Oneida.     Oneida  Reservation. 

Open  Shelf.     Cleveland  Public  Library,     (q) 

Oregon  Historical  Society,  Quarterly.     Portland. 

Osterhout  Free  Library,  Bulletins,     (m)     Wilkes-Barre,  Pa,' 

Our  Church  Life,     (m)     Madison. 

Our  Day.     (m)     Chicago. 

Our  Young  People,     (m)     Milwaukee. 

Outing,     (m)     New  York. 

Outlook     (w)     New  York. 

Overland  Monthly.     San  Francisco. 

Owl.     (q)     Kewaunee. 

Pennsylvania  Magazine  of  History,     (q)     Philadelphia. 

Philadelphia  Library  Company,  Quarterly  Bulletin. 

Philippine  Review     (irreg.)     New  York. 

Philosopher,     (m)     Wausau. 

Pilgrim,     (m)     Battle  Creek,  Mich. 

Pittsburg  &  Western  Ry.  Co.,  Relief  Dept,  Statement  of  Receipts  and 

Disbursements,     (m) 
Political  Science  Quarterly.     New  York. 
Pratt  Institute  Free  Library,  Co-operative  Bulletin,     (m)     Brooklyn, 

N.  Y. 
Pratt  Institute  Monthly.     Brooklyn. 

Presbyterian  and  Reformed  Review,     (q)     Philadelphia. 
Princeton  (N.  J.)  University  Bulletin,     (m) 

Providence   (R.  I.)   Public  Libraries,  Co-operative  Bulletin,     (m) 
Public  Libraries,     (m)     Chicago. 
Public  Opinion,     (w)     New  York. 

Publishers'  Circular  and  Booksellers'  Record,     (w)     London. 
Publishers'  Weekly.     New  York. 

Quarterly  Bibliography  of  Books  Reviewed.     Bloomington,  Ind. 
Quarterly  Review.     London. 


PERIODICALS  AND  NEWSPAPERS  RECEIVED  jo^ 

Queen's  Quarterly.     Kingston,  Ont. 

Recherches  Historiques,  Bulletin,     (m)     Levis,  Can.  • 

Record  and  Guide,     (w)     New  York. 
Records  of  the  Past,     (m)     Washington. 
Review  of  Reviews,     (m)     New  York. 
R6vue  Canadienne.     (m)     Montreal. 
Round  Table,     (m)     Beloit. 
St.  Andrew's  Cross,     (m)     New  York. 
Salem  (Mass.)   Public  Library,  Bulletin,     (m) 
Salvation,     (m)     New  York. 
San  Francisco  Public  Library,  Bulletin,     (m) 
San  Jose  (Cal.)  Library  Bulletin,     (m) 
Sanitary  Inspector,     (q)     Augusta,  Me. 
Saturday  Evening  Post,     (w)     Philadelphia. 
Savings  and  Loan  Review,     (m)     New  York. 
Scottish  Record  Society,     (q)     Edinburgh. 
Scribner's  Magazine,     (m)     New  York. 
Sentinel  of  Christian  Liberty,     (m)     New  York. 
Sewanee  Review,     (q)     Sewanee,  Tenn. 
Skandinavisk  Farmer- Journal,     (m)     Minneapolis. 
Sound  Currency,     (q)     New  York. 
South  Atlantic  Quarterly.     Durham,  N.  C. 

South  Carolina  Historical  and  Genealogical  Magazine,   (q)   Charleston. 
Southern  History  Association  Publications,     (bi-m)     Washington. 
Southern  Letter,     (m)     Tuskeges,  Ala. 
Southern  Missioner.     (m)     Lawrenceville,  Va. 
Sphinx,     (bi-m.)     Madison. 
Spirit  of  Missions,     (m)     New  York. 
Standard,     (w)     Chicago. 
Sunset,     (m)     San  Francisco. 
Tailor,     (m)     Bloomington,  111. 
Temperance  Cause,     (m)     Boston. 
Texas  State  Historical  Association  Quarterly.     Austin. 
Tradesman,     (s-m)     Chattanooga,  Tenn. 

Transalleghany  Historical  Magazine,     (q)     Morgantown,  W.  Va. 
Travelers'  Record,     (m)     Hartford,  Conn. 
Unionist,     (m)     Green  Bay. 
U.  S.  Census  Bulletin. 

U.  S.  Commerce  of  Island  of  Cuba,  Monthly  Summary. 
U.  S.  Dept.  of  State,  Consular  Reports,     (m) 
U.  S.  Commerce  of  the  Philippine  Islands,   Monthly  Summary. 
U.  S.  Congressional  Record. 

U.  S.  Dept.    of  Agriculture,  Climate  and  Crop  Service,  Oregon  Section, 
(m) 


134 


WISCONSIN   HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 


U.  S.  Dept.  of  Argiculture,  Climate  and  Crop  Service,  Wisconsin  Sec- 
tion,    (w  and  m) 

U.  S.  Dept.  of  Agriculture,  Crop  Reporter,     (m) 

U.  S.  Dept.  of  Agriculture,  Experiment  Station,  Record, 

U.  S.  Dept.  of  Agriculture,  Library  Bulletin,     (m) 

U.  S.  Dept.  of  Agriculture,  Monthly  Weather  Review. 

U.  S.  Dept.  of  Labor,  Bulletin,     (bi-m) 

U.  S.  Dept.  of  State,  Consular  Reports,     (m) 

U.  S.  Dept.  of  State,  Special  Consular  Reports, 

U.  S,  Patent  Office,  Official  Gazette,     (w) 

U.  S.  Superintendent  of  Documents,  Catalogue  of  U.  S.  Documents, 
(m) 

U.  S.  Treasury  Dept,  Monthly  Summary  of  Commerce  and  Finance. 

U.  S.  Treasury  Dept.,  Public  Health  Reports,     (w) 

University  of  Tennessee  Record,     (q)     Knoxville. 

Vaccination,     (m)     Terre  Haute,  Ind. 

Vanguard,     (m)     Green  Bay. 

Vermont  Antiquarian,     (q)     Burlington. 

Views,     (m)     Washington. 

Virginia  Magazine  of  History  and  Biography,     (q)     Richmond. 

Wage  Earners'  Self-Culture  Clubs,     (m)     St.  Louis. 

Washington  Historian,     (q)     Tacoma,  Wash, 

West  Virginia  Historical  Magazine,     (q)     Charleston. 

Westminster  Review,     (m)     London. 

Whist,     (m)     Milwaukee. 

William  and  Mary  College  Quart.  Hist.  Magazine.      Williamsburg,  Va. 

Wilson  Bulletin,     (q)     Oberlin,  Ohio. 

Wisconsin  Alumni  Magazine,     (m)     Madison. 

Wisconsin  Archaeologist,     (q)     Milwaukee. 

Wisconsin  Citizen,     (m)     Brodhead. 

Wisconsin  Horticulturist,     (m)     Baraboo. 

Wisconsin  Journal  of  Education,     (m)     Madison. 

Wisconsin  Medical  Recorder,     (m)     Janesville. 

Wisconsin  Natural  History  Society,  Bulletin,     (q)     Milwaukee, 

Woman's  Tribune,     (s-m)     Washington. 

World's  Fair  Bulletin,     (m)     St.  Louis. 

World's  Work,     (m)     New  York. 

Young  Churchman,     (w)     Milwaukee. 

Young  Eagle,     (m)     Sinsinawa. 

Zeitschrift  fiir  Ethnologie.     Berlin. 


PERIODICALS  AND  NEWSPAPERS  RECEIVED  135 


Wisconsin  Newspapers 

The  following  Wisconsin  newspapers  are,  through  the  gift  of  the 
publishers,  received  at  the  library  and  bound;  all  of  them  are  weekly 
editions,  except  where  otherwise  noted: 

Albany — Albany  Vindicator. 

Algoma — Algoma  Record. 

Alma — Buffalo  County  Journal. 

Antigo — Antigo  Herold;   Antigo  Republican;   Weekly  News  Item. 

Appieton — Appleton  Crescent  (d  and  w);  Appleton  Volksfreund; 
Appleton  Weekly  Post;   Gegenwart;   Montags-Blatt. 

Arcadia — Arcadian ;  Leader. 

Ashland — Ashland  Daily  Press;  Ashland  News  (d) ;  Ashland  Weekly 
Press. 

Augusta — Eagle. 

Baldwin — Baldwin  Bulletin. 

Baraboo — Baraboo  Republic;   Sauk  County  Democrat. 

Barron — Barron  County  Shield. 

Bayfield — Bayfield  County  Press. 

Beaver  Dam — Beaver  Dam  Argus;  Dodge  County  Citizen. 

Belleville — Sugar  River  Recorder. 

Belmont— Belmont  Bee. 

Beloit — Beloit  Free  Press  (d  and  w). 

Benton — Benton  Advocate. 

Berlin — Berlin  Weekly  Journal. 

Black  River  Falls — Badger  State  Banner;   Jackson  County  Journal. 

Bloomer — Bloomer  Advance. 

Bloomington — Bloomington  Record. 

Boscobel — Boscobel  Sentinel;  Dial-Enterprise. 

Brandon — Brandon  Times. 

Brodhead — Brodhead  Independent;  Brodhead  Register. 

Brooklyn — Brooklyn  News. 

Burlington — Standard  Democrat  (German  and  English  editions). 

Cambria — Cambria  News. 

GOrSSville — Cassville  Index. 

Cedarburg — Cedarburg  News. 

Centuria — Centuria  Outlook. 

Chetek — Chetek  Alert. 

Chilton — Chilton  Times. 

Chippewa  Falls — Catholic  Sentinel;  Chippewa  Times;  Weekly  Her- 
ald. 

Clinton — Clinton  Herald;  Rock  County  Banner. 

Colby — Phonograph. 

Columbus — Columbus  Democrat, 


136  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 

Crandon — Forest  Republican. 

Cumberland — Cumberland  Advocate. 

Dale — Dale  Recorder. 

Darlington — Darlington  Democrat;   Republican-Journal. 

De  Forest — De  Forest  Times. 

Delavan — Delavan  Enterprise;  Delavan  Republican;  Wisconsin 
Times. 

De  Pere — Brown  County  Democrat;  De  Pere  News. 

Dodgeville — Dodgeville  Chronicle;  Dodgeville  Sun;  Iowa  County 
Republic. 

Durand — Entering  Wedge;  Pepin  County  Courier. 

Eagle  River — Vilas  County  News. 

Eau  Claire — Telegram   (d  and  w) ;  Weekly  Leader. 

Edgerton — Wisconsin  Tobacco  Reporter. 

Elkhorn — Blade;   Elkhorn  Independent. 

Ellsworth — Pierce  County  Herald. 

Elroy — Elroy  Tribune. 

Evansville — Badger;   Enterprise;    Evansville  Review;   Tribune. 

Fennimore — Fennimore  Times. 

Florence — Florence  Mining  News. 

Fond  du  Lac — Commonwealth   (d  and  s-w) ;   Daily  Reporter. 

Fort  Atkinson — Jefferson  County  Union. 

Fountain  City — Alma  Blaetter;  Buffalo  County  Republikaner. 

Friendship — Adams  County  Press. 

Orand  Rapids — Grand  Rapids  Tribune;   Wood  County  Reporter. 

Orantsburg — Burnett  County  Sentinel;   Journal  of  Burnett  County. 

Green  Bay — Green  Bay  Advocate  (s-w);  Green  Bay  Review;  Green 
Bay  Semi-Weekly  Gazette. 

Greenwood — Greenwood  Gleaner. 

Hancock — Hancock  News.  , 

Hartford — Hartford  Press. 

Hudson — Hudson  Star-Times;   True  Republican. 

Hurley — Iron  County  Republican;  Montreal  River  Miner. 

Independence — Independence  News  Wave. 

Janesville — Janesville  Daily  Gazette;   Recorder  and  Times. 

Jefferson — Jefferson  Banner. 

Juneau — Independent;  Juneau  Telephone. 

Kaukauna — Kaukauna  Sun;  Kaukauna  Times. 

Kenosha — Kenosha  Evening  News  (d) ;  Kenosha  Union;  Telegraph- 
Courier. 

Kewaunee — Kewaunee  Enterprise;  Kewaunsk§  Listy. 

Kilbourn — Mirror-Gazette. 

Knapp — Knapp  News. 

La  Crosse — La  Crosse  Chronicle  (d  and  w) ;  La  Crosse  Daily  Press; 


PERIODICALS  AND  NEWSPAPERS  RECEIVED 


137 


Herold  and  Volksfreund;  Nord-Stern;  Nord-Stern  Blatter;  Republican 
and  Leader  (d). 
Ladysmith — Gates  County  Journal. 
Lake  Geneva — Herald. 
Lake  Mills — Lake  Mills  Leader. 
Lake  Nebagamon — Nebagamon  Enterprise. 
Lancaster — Grant  County  Herald;  Weekly  Teller. 

Linden — South  West  Wisconsin. 

Lodi — Lodi  Valley  News. 

Madison — Amerika;  Daily  Cardinal;  Dane  County  Advocate;  Madison 
Democrat  (d) ;  Northwestern  Mail;  Scandinavian  American;  State; 
Weekly  Madisonian;  Wisconsin  Botschafter;  Wisconsin  Farmer;  Wis- 
consin Staats-Zeitung;  Wisconsin  State  Journal  (d  and  w). 

Manitoicoc — Manitowoc  Citizen;  Manitowoc  Daily  Herald;  Manito- 
woc Pilot;   Manitowoc  Post;  Nord-Westen;  Wahreit. 

Marinette — Eagle  (d  and  w) ;  Forposten;  Marinette  Star  (d  and  w). 

Marshfield — Marshfield  Times. 

Mansion — Juneau  County  Chronicle;   Mauston  Star. 

Medford — Taylor  County  Star  and  News;  Waldbote. 

Menomonie — Dunn  County  News;   Menomonie  Times;   Nord-Stern. 

Merrill — Merrill  Advocate;  Wisconsin  Thalbote. 

Merrillan — Wisconsin  Leader. 

Middleton — Middleton  Times-Herald. 

Milton — Weekly  Telephone. 

Mihoaukee — Acker-und  Gartenbau-Zeitung  (s-m) ;  Catholic  Citizen: 
Columbia;  Evangelisch-Lutherische  Gemeinde-Blatt  (s-m) ;  Evening 
Wisconsin  (d)  ;  Excelsior;  Germania  (s-w) ;  Germania  und  Abend  Post 
id);  Kuryer  Polski  (d);  Milwaukee  Daily  News;  Milwaukee  Free 
Press  (d) ;  Milwaukee  Herald  (s-w  and  d)  ;  Milwaukee  Journal  (d); 
Milwaukee  Sentinel  (d);  Seebote  (s-w);  Social  Democratic  Herald; 
Union  Signal;  Vorwarts;  Wahrheit;  Wisconsin  Banner  und  Volks- 
freund (s-w) ;  Wisconsin  Weekly  Advocate. 

Mineral  Point — Iowa  County  Democrat;  Mineral  Point  Tribune. 

Minoqua — Minoqua  Times. 

Mondavi — Mondovi  Herald. 

Monroe — Journal-Gazette;  Monroe  Daily  Journal;  Monroe  Evening 
Times;  Monroe  Sentinel. 

Montello — Montello  Express. 

Mount  Horeb — Mount  Horeb  Times. 

Necedah — Necedah  Republican. 

Neenah — Friend  and  Guide. 

Neillsville — Neillsville  Times;  Republican  and  Press. 

New  Lisbon — New  Lisbon  Times. 

Neic  London — Press;  New  London  Republican. 

New  Richmond — Republican -Voice. 

10 


138 


WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 


North  La  Crosse — Weekly  Argus. 

Oconomowoc — Oconomowoc  Enterprise;  Wisconsin  Free  Press. 

Oconto — Oconto  County  Reporter. 

Oconto  Falls — Oconto  Falls  Herald. 

Omro — Omro  Herald;  Omro  Journal. 
-  Oregon — Oregon  Observer. 

Osceola — Osceola  Sun;  Polk  County  Press. 

Oshkosh — Daily  Northwestern;  Weekly  Times;  Wisconsin  Telegraph. 

Palmyra — Palmyra  Enterprise. 

Pepin — Pepin  Star. 

Peshtigo — Peshtigo  Times. 

Phillips — Bee;   Phillips  Times. 

Pittsville — Yellow  River  Pilot. 

Plainfield — Sun. 

Platteville — Grant  County  News;  Grant  County  Witness. 

Plymouth — Plymouth  Reporter;  Plymouth  Review. 

Portage — Portage  Weekly  Democrat;  Wisconsin  State  Register. 

Port  Washington — Port  Washington  Star;  Port  Washington  Zeitung. 

Poynette — Poynette  Press. 

Prairie  du  Chien — Courier;  Prairie  du  Chien  Union. 

Prentice — Prentice  Calumet. 

Prescott — Prescott  Tribune. 

Princeton— Princetoa  Republic;   Princeton  Star. 

Racine — Racine  Correspondent;  Racine  Journal;  Racine  Daily  Times; 
Slavic  (s-w) ;  Wisconsin  Agriculturist. 

Reedsburg — Reedsburg  Free  Press. 

Rhinelander — Rhinelander  Herald;  Vindicator. 

Rice  Lake — Rice  Lake  Chronotype;  Rice  Lake  Leader. 

Richland  Center — Republican  Observer;   Richland  Rustic. 

Rio — Badger  Blade;  Columbia  County  Reporter. 

Ripon — Ripon  Commonwealth;  Ripon  Press. 

River  Falls — River  Falls  Journal. 

St.  Croix  Falls — St.  Croix  Valley  Standard. 

Shawano — Shawano  Volksbote  und  Wochenblatt. 

Sheboygan — National  Demokrat;   Sheboygan  Herald;  Sheboygan  Tel- 
egram ( d ) ;   Sheboygan  Zeitung. 

Sheboygan  Falls — Sheboygan  County  News. 

Shell  Lake — Shell  Lake  Watchman;  Washburn  County  Register. 

Shiocton — Shiocton  News. 

Shullsburg — Pick  and  Gad;   Southwestern  Local. 

Soldiers  Orove — Advance. 

Sparta — Monroe  County  Democrat;  Sparta  Herald. 

Spring  Green — Weekly  Home  News. 

Stanley — Stanley  Republican. 

Stevens  Point — Gazette;  Stevens  Point  Journal, 


PERIODICALS  AND  NEWSPAPERS  RECEIVED 


139 


Stoughton — Stoughton  Courier;   Stoughton  Hub. 

Sturgeon  Bay — Advocate;   Door  County  Democrat. 

Sun  Prairie — Sun  Prairie  Countryman. 

Superior — Evening  Telegram  (d)  ;  Inland  Ocean;  Superior  Tidende; 
Superior  Times. 

Thorp — Thorp  Courier. 

Tomah — Tomah  Journal. 

Tomahatck — Tomahawk. 

Trempealeau — Trempealeau  Herald. 

Two  Rivers — Chronicle. 

Union  Grove — Union  Grove  Enterprise. 

Viola — Intelligencer. 

Viroqua — Vernon  County  Censor;  Viroqua  Republican. 

Warrens — Warrens  Index. 

Washburn — Washburn  Times. 

Waterford — Waterford  Post. 

Waterloo — Waterloo  Journal. 

Watertown — Watertown  Gazette;  Watertown  Republican;  Watertown 
Weltbiirger. 

Waukesha — Waukesha  Dispatch;  Waukesha  Freeman. 

Waupaca — Waupaca  Post;   Waupaca  Record;   Waupaca  Republican. 

Waupun — Waupun  Leader;  Waupun  Times. 

Wausau — Central  Wisconsin;  Deutsche  Pionier;  Wausau  Pilot;  Wau- 
sau  Record  (d  and  w). 

Wautoma — Waushara  Argus. 

West  Bend — Washington  County  Pilot;  West  Bend  Democrat. 

Weyauicega — Deutsche  Chronik;  Weyauwega  Chronicle. 

Whitewater — Whitewater  Gazette;  Whitewater  Register. 

Wilmont — Agitator. 

Wonewoc — Wonewoc  Reporter. 

Other  Newspapers 

are  received  as  follows,  either  by  gift  or  purchase: 

Alaska. 

Sitka — Alaskan. 

California. 
San  Francisco — San  Francisco  Chronicle  (d). 

Colorado. 

Deliver — Weekly  Rocky  Mountain  News. 

District  of  Columbia. 
Washington — National  Tribune;  Washington  Post  (d). 


140 


WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 


Georgia.  ' 

Atlanta — Atlanta  Constitution  (d). 

Illinois. 

Chicago — Chicago-Posten ;  Cliicago  Record-Herald  (d);  Chicago 
Tribune  (d) ;  Christelige  Talsmand;  Folke-Vennen;  Hemlandet;  Skan- 
dinaven  (d  and  s-w) ;  Svenska  Amerikanaren;  Svenska  Nyheter. 

\ 
Iowa. 
Cedar  Falls — Dannevirke. 
Decorah — Decorah-Posten   ( s-w ) . 
Lake  Mills — Republikaneren. 

Louisiana. 
New  Orleans — Times-Democrat  (d). 

Massachusetts. 
Boston — Boston  Herald  ( d ) ;  Boston  Weekly  Transcript. 
Groton — Groton  Landmark. 

Michigan. 
Marquette — Mining  Journal. 

Minnesota. 

Minneapolis — Folkebladet;  Minneapolis  Journal;  Minneapolis  Ti- 
dende;  Nye  Normanden;  Ugebladet. 

St.  Paul — Canadien;  Minnesota  Stats  Tidning;  Nordvesten;  Pioneer 
Press  (d). 

Winona — Westlicher  Herold;   Sonntags-Winona. 

Montana. 

Butte  City — Butte  Weekly  Miner. 

Nebraska. 
Omaha — Danske  Pioneer. 

New  York. 

Neio  York — Irish  World;   New  York  Tribune   (d);   Nordiske  Blade. 

North  Dakota. 
Grand  Forks — Normanden. 
milsl)oro — P'olkets  Avis;  Statstidende. 


PERIODICALS  AND  NEWSPAPERS  RECEIVED  j^i 

Ohio. 

ChilUcotJie — Mystic  Worker  (m). 
Cleveland — Cleveland  Citizen;  Ohio  Farmer. 

Pennsylvania. 
Philadelphia — Farm  Journal, 

South  Carolina. 

Charleston — Weekly  News  and  Courier, 

South  Dakota. 
Sioux  Falls — Fremad;  Syd  Dakota  Ekko. 

Utah. 

Salt  Lake  City — Inter  Mountain  Farmer  and  Ranchman;   Salt  Lake 
Semi-Weekly  Tribune. 

Washington. 
Parkland — Pacific  Herold. 

Canada. 
Montreal — Cultivateur;   Gazette  (d). 
Toronto — Daily  Mail  and  Empire. 
Victoria — Semi-Weekly  Colonist. 
Winnipeg — Manitoba  Free  Press  (d). 

England. 

London — Times  (w). 

Germany. 
Frankfort — Wochenblatt  der  Frankfurter  Zeitung. 

Porto  Rico. 

San  Juan — San  Juan  News 


Tabular  summary  of  foregoing  lists. 

Periodicals           ..........  334 

Wisconsin  newspapers         .         .         .         .         .         .         .         .  332 

Other  newspapers        .........  62 

Total 728 


142 


WISCONSIN   HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 


WISCONSIN   NECROLOGY   FOR   YEAR   ENDING 
NOVEMBER   30,    1902 


BY    FLORKNCK    KLIZAP.ETII    I'.AKKK,    LII5UAKY    ASSISTANT. 

Benjamin  Franklin  Adams,  born  at  Verona,  Oneida  county.  New  York, 
December  4,  1822;  died  at  Madison,  Wisconsin,  February  6,  1902.  In 
1845  he  was  graduated  from  Hamilton  college,  where  he  was  a  charter 
member  of  the  Psi  Upsilon  fraternity.  Later  he  taught  Greek  for  two 
years  in  Hamilton  academy;  and  in  1849  removed  to  Fort  Atkinson, 
Wisconsin.  For  ten  years  he  lived  in  various  localities,  finally  settling 
on  a  farm  at  Liberty  Prairie,  Wisconsin,  where  he  lived  until  1873.  At 
that  time  he  moved  to  a  farm  near  Madison,  where  he  resided  until  his 
death.     In  1862  and  1872  he  was  a  member  of  the  state  legislature. 

Wallace  W.  Bird,  born  in  Madison  county,  New  York,  April  27,  1836; 
died  at  Milwaukee,  March  26,  1902.  His  father,  A.  A.  Bird,  brought  his 
family  to  Wisconsin  in  1837.  Wallace  Bird  was  one  of  the  early 
printers  at  Madison.  After  the  war,  in  which  he  served  in  the  First 
Wisconsin  and  the  Forty-seventh  Wisconsin  infantry,  he  was  one  of  the 
proprietors  of  the  Madison  Patriot.  Some  years  later  he  removed  to 
Milwaukee,  where  he  became  an  expert  compositer  on  the  Sentinel, 
which  position  he  retained  until  his  last  illness. 

James  Bonnell,  born  in  New  Jersey  in  1813;  died  at  Milwaukee, 
March  2,  1902.  Mr.  Bpunell  was  a  merchant  at  Newton,  N.  J.,  but  after 
the  panic  of  1836  he  started  West,  and  spent  some  time  in  Detroit  and 
Erie,  Pa.,  before  locating  in  Wisconsin.  In  1842  he  established  a  busi- 
ness in  Milwaukee,  and  the  firm  of  Shepard  and  Bonnell  was  one  of 
the  largest  in  the  early  history  of  that  city.  He  was  influential  in 
starting  the  first  railroad  in  Wisconsin;  the  time  limit  of  the  charter 
for  the  Milwaukee-Waukesha  line  being  about  to  expire,  Mr.  Bonnell 
personally  undertook  a  campaign  in  its  behalf,  enlisted  Alexander 
Mitchell  in  the  enterprise,  and  raised  the  necessary  funds,  being  one  of 
the  largest  subscribers.  After  the  war,  Mr.  Bonnell  lost  his  fortune, 
and  has  lived  quietly  ever  since. 

George  Bunker,  born  at  De  Ruyter,  Madison  county,  N.  Y.,  April  3, 
1823;  died  at  Madison,  Wisconsin,  January  18,  1902.  In  1837  he  came 
with  his  parents  to  East  Troy,  Walworth  county,  Wisconsin.     From 


WISCONSIN    NECROLOGY 


143 


1857-63  he  was  in  the  lumber  business  at  Whitewater,  and  from  the 
latter  date  for  about  twenty-five  years  he  was  associated  in  the  same 
business  with  William  Vroman  at  Madison.  Mr.  Bunker  held  only 
local  political  offices. 

John  Cooper,  born  in  1810,  in  New  York;  died  at  North  Greenfield, 
Wis.,  December  1,  1901.  Mr.  Cooper  was  a  member  of  the  first  consti- 
tutional convention  of  Wisconsin;  and  in  the  early  years  of  Wisconsin's 
statehood  was  an  influential  man  in  his  community. 

George  Covert,  born  at  Ovid,  N.  Y.,  December  7,  1829;  died  at  Clinton, 
Wis.,  January  9,  1902.  At  the  age  of  twenty  he  entered  the  Eclectic 
Medical  institute  at  Cincinnati,  and  after  graduation  practiced  in  Mich- 
igan and  at  Elgin,  111.,  before  settling  in  Clinton  in  1856.  For  some 
years  he  was  one  of  the  instructors  in  the  College  of  Physicians  and 
Surgeons  at  Chicago,  and  has  officiated  as  president  of  both  state  and 
national  medical  societies;  but  it  was  in  his  private  practice  among  the 
people  for  whom  he  labored  so  long,  that  Dr.  Covert  was  most  appreci- 
ated and  respected. 

Samuel  B.  Dresser,  born  at  Bangor,  Maine,  November  23,  1831;  died 
in  the  town  of  Osceola,  Polk  county,  Wisconsin,  November  20,  1901.  He 
was  educated  in  the  common  schools  and  at  Kent  seminary,  Readfield, 
Me.  In  1851  he  removed  to  Taylor's  Falls,  Minn.,  and  was  a  lumber- 
man and  merchant  at  that  place  until  1862.  when  he  settled  on  his  farm 
at  Osceola  Prairie.  Mr.  Dresser  was  a  member  of  the  assembly  in  1871, 
sheriff  in  1877-78,  and  held  town  offices  almost  continuously  for  twenty- 
five  years. 

Bernard  I.  Durward,  born  at  Montrose,  Scotland,  March  26,  1817;  died 
at  Merrimac,  Wis.,  March  21,  1902.  Mr.  Durward  came  to  Wisconsin  in 
1845,  and  was  a  portrait  painter  of  considerable  repute.  In  1852  he 
was  commissioned  to  paint  the  portrait  of  Archbishop  Henni  of  Mil- 
waukee, and  became  a  convert  to  the  Catholic  faith.  For  some  years 
afterwards  he  was  employed  in  painting  altar-pieces  for  many  Catholic 
churches  in  Wisconsin.  He  served  as  professor  of  belles-lettres  at 
St.  Francis  Seminary  until  1863,  when  he  retired  to  an  estate  near 
Baraboo  known  as  Durward's  Glen.  He  was  also  the  author  of  three 
small  volumes  of  verse,  and  enjoyed  some  local  celebrity  as  a  poet. 

William  H.  Hartley,  born  at  Todcaster,  Yorkshire,  England,  Novem- 
ber 30,  1812;  died  in  the  town  of  Westport,  Dane  county.  Wis.,  Decem- 
ber 12,  1901.  His  early  years  were  spent  at  sea,  at  one  time  as  an 
officer  in  the  British  navy  and  later  in  the  merchant  service.  In  1850 
he  came  to  America  and  settled  on  the  farm  on  which  he  spent  the 


144  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 

remainder  of  his  life.  He  was  a  veterinary  surgeon;  and  while  he 
never  sought  political  preferment,  he  was  elected  to  various  town 
offices. 

Harrison  Carroll  Hobart,  born  at  Ashburnham,  Mass.,  January  31, 
1815;  died  at  Milwaukee,  Wis.,  January  26,  1902.  At  the  age  of  fifteen 
he  left  home  and  went  to  Haverhill,  Mass.,  where  he  served  an  appren- 
ticeship for  three  years  in  a  printing  office.  In  1838  he  entered  Dart- 
mouth college,  and  was  graduated  therefrom  in  1842.  For  three  years 
he  studied  law  in  the  office  of  Sumner  &  Rantoul  and  was  admitted  to 
the  Suffolk  bar  in  1845.  In  1846  he  came  to  Wisconsin  and  settled  at 
Sheboygan.  He  represented  Sheboygan  and  Washington  counties  in 
the  territorial  legislature  of  1847;  was  in  the  state  assembly  in  1849, 
1859,  and  1867;  and  in  the  state  senate  in  1848.  He  acted  as  regent 
for  the  University  from  1860  to  1865,  and  from  1867  to  1869.  He  was 
an  unsuccessful  candidate  for  Congress  in  1850  and  in  1856;  and  for 
governor  in  1859  and  1865;  on  each  occasion,  being  on  the  democratic 
ticket.  He  also  held  many  municipal  offices  during  his  long  residence 
in  Milwaukee. 

At  the  opening  of  the  civil  war,  he  enlisted  as  a  private  soldier,  re- 
cruited a  company,  and  was  assigned  to  the  Fourth  Wisconsin  infantry, 
which  was  afterwards  changed  into  a  cavalry  regiment.  In  1862  he 
was  commissioned  lieutenant-colonel  of  the  Twenty-first  Wisconsin; 
and  on  the  retirement  of  Colonel  Sweet,  was  chosen  colonel  of  the  same 
regiment.  Having  been  made  prisoner,  he  was  detained  in  Libby 
prison,  from  which  he  escaped  in  1864,  and  joined  Sherman's  army  in 
time  to  take  part  in  the  march  to  the  sea.  At  the  request  of  General 
Sherman,  he  was  breveted  brigadier-general  for  meritorious  services. 

After  the  war  General  Hobart  took  up  his  residence  in  Milwaukee, 
and  resumed  the  practice  of  law.  He  also  practiced  his  profession  in 
Washington  for  several  years,  although  he  always  regarded  Milwaukee 
as  his  home.  His  declinig  years  were  spent  with  his  dauughter  in 
Milwaukee;  but  having  been  removed  thither  a  few  days  before,  his 
death  occurred  at  the  National  Soldiers'  Home. 

George  Greenleaf  Houghton,  born  at  Guilford,  Vermont,  in  1833; 
died  at  Milwaukee,  March  19,  1902.  Mr.  Houghton  came  to  Wisconsin 
with  his  parents  in  1»44.  His  earliest  business  venture  was  a  dry-goods 
store;  but  in  1850  he  turned  his  attention  to  the  lumber  trade,  in  which 
he  continued  until  1868,  when  he  engaged  in  the  banking  business  with 
his  brother,  R.  C.  Houghton.  About  1892  their  hitherto  private  bank- 
ing house  became  the  Central  National  bank;  and  in  the  summer  of 
1899  it  was  consolidated  with  the  Wisconsin  National  bank,  and  Mr. 
Houghton  was  elected  second  vice-president  and  manager.  He  was 
actively  engaged  in  business  up  to  the  time  of  his  last  illness,  and  was 
known  as  one  of  the  strong  financiers  of  the  West. 


WISCONSIN    NECROLOGY 


145 


Willett  S.  Main,  bom  at  Edmeston,  Otsego  county,  N.  Y.,  August  15, 
1828;  died  near  Madison,  Wis.,  July  5,  1902.  In  1846,  Mr.  Main  came 
with  his  father  to  Wisconsin,  and  settled  near  Waukesha.  The  fol- 
lowing year  they  removed  to  Madison,  where  he  became  a  useful  and 
influential  citizen.  Mr.  Main  served  in  a  public  capacity  as  sheriff  or 
under-sheriff  for  the  twenty  j^ears  succeeding  1851.  In  1870  he  was 
appointed  deputy  United  States  marshal,  and  served  continuously  in 
that  position  until  February,  1896,  except  during  the  first  term  of 
President  Cleveland's  administration.  From  1888  to  1892,  he  repre- 
sented Dane  county  in  the  state  senate.  He  also  gave  freely  of  his 
time  to  furthering  the  interests  of  the  Monona  Lake  assembly,  and 
for  a  long  time  acted  as  president  of  that  association. 

Henry  Powell,  born  at  Worcester,  England,  December  7,  1834;  died 
at  Mazomanie,  Wis.,  April  9,  1902.  He  came  to  Wisconsin  in  1845,  and 
for  many  years  was  a  farmer  near  Newport,  Columbia  county.  With 
the  exception  of  a  few  months  in  1865,  he  has  resided  at  Mazomanie 
since  his  return  from  the  war.  He  was  a  member  of  the  county  board 
for  many  years,  serving  as  chairman  during  the  last  decade,  and  in 
1886  was  elected  to  the  assembly.  He  was  always  an  active  republican 
and  represented  that  party  in  various  conventions. 

Frederick  Rauterberg,  boMi  in  Hanover,  Germany,  February  9,  1826; 
died  at  Milwaukee,  March  3,  1902.  In  1856  he  came  to  Milwaukee, 
and  at  the  outbreak  of  the  war  joined  Company  G,  Ninth  Wisconsin 
regiment,  serving  in  the  army  for  three  years.  Upon  his  return  to 
Milwaukee,  he  entered  the  postal  service,^  and  for  thirty  years  held  the 
position  of  mail  carrier.  He  was  an  enthusiastic  entomologist,  and 
made  a  collection  of  thousands  of  specimens,  the  careful  work  of  a 
lifetime  of  gathering  and  exchanging.  This  was  first  loaned,  and  then 
deeded  to  the  Milwaukee  museum,  where  since  1895  he  has  served  as 
the  ofllcial  entomologist. 

Francis  Ritchie,  born  in  Belfast,  Ireland,  1829;  died  in  the  town  of 
Burke,  Dane  county,  Wisconsin,  April  1,  1902.  Mr.  Ritchie  came  to 
America  and  settled  in  Wisconsin  about  1850,  first  near  Oregon,  and 
later  on  the  farm  where  he  died.  He  represented  the  town  of  Burke 
on  the  county  board,  was  deputy  register  of  deeds  for  many  years, 
and  for  sixteen  years  clerk  of  the  probate  court  of  Dane  county. 

Gysbert  Van  Steenwyk,  born  near  Utrecht,  Holland,  January  30, 
1814;  died  at  La  Crosse,  Wis.,  April  13,  1902.  At  the  age  of  twenty- 
two  he  took  his  degree  in  philosophy  and  philology  at  the  University 
of  Utrecht,  and  spent  the  following  five  years  there  in  graduate  study. 
From  1838  to  1849,  he  was  a  commissioned  officer  in  the  Netherlands 


146  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 

National  guards.  In  the  latter  year  a  party  of  young  Hollanders  re- 
solved to  come  to  America  and  spend  the  summer  and  fall  exploring 
the  eastern  states,  Michigan,  and  Illinois.  Mr.  Van  Steenwyk,  being 
of  the  party,  determined  to  make  this  country  his  future  home,  and  in 
December,  1849,  settled  in  Milwaukee  and  engaged  in  the  insurance 
business.  He  was  soon  appointed  consul  for  the  Netherlands  for  Wis- 
consin, and  later  for  Minnesota  and  Michigan.  He  was  the  first  com- 
missioner of  immigration  for  Wisconsin,  and  in  1852-53  resided  in 
New  York  city  in  that  capacity.  In  1859  he  was  elected  to  the  state 
legislature  from  Columbia  county,  whither  he  had  removed  on  his 
return  from  New  York.  In  1862  he  opened  the  Batavian  bank  at  La 
Crosse,  with  which  he  was  always  prominently  connected  thereafter. 
In  1891  he  represented  La  Crosse  in  the  senate.  He  held  various  local 
offices  of  honor  and  trust,  and  was  active  in  many  lines  of  business. 

Anson  P.  Waterman,  born  at  South  Ballston,  N.  Y.,  Janua:y  15, 
1819;  died  at  Beloit,  Wis.,  January  9,  1902.  Coming  to  Beloit,  in 
1854,  he  established  what  was  known  for  many  years  as  the  only 
hardware  store  between  Lake  Michigan  and  the  Mississippi  river. 
From  1876-89  he  lived  in  St.  Louis,  but  still  maintained  his  interests 
in  Wisconsin.  From  1856  to  the  day  of  his  death  he  was  a  member  of 
the  board  of  trustees  of  Beloit  college;  and  from  1861  a  trustee  of  the 
Northwestern  Mutual  Life  Insurance  company  of  Milwaukee.  He  also 
served  for  many  years  as  a  trustee  of  the  Mendota  hospital.  He  held 
only  local  political  offices. 

George  H.  Wentworth,  born  near  Lexington,  Ky.,  September  9,  1815; 
died  at  Milwaukee,  December  22,  1901.  In  1818  his  parents  removed 
to  Lewiston,  111.,  later  to  Darlington,  Wis.,  and  in  1828  settled  in  Chi- 
cago. When  the  Sauk  war  broke  out,  Mr.  Wentworth  enlisted,  but  as 
it  was  of  short  duration,  he  only  performed  garrison  duty.  This  en- 
abled him,  however,  to  secure  a  soldier's  grant  of  land  in  the  town  of 
Lake,  Milwaukee  county,  and  on  it  he  settled  in  1835.  Mr.  Wentworth 
resided  continuously  on  this  farm  until  1891,  when  he  removed  to 
Milwaukee.  While  never  holding  any  public  office,  he  was  always  ac- 
tively interested  in  the  welfare  of  the  community.  At  the  time  of  his 
death  he  was  the  oldest  resident  of  Milwaukee. 

Daniel  Wells,  Jr.,  born  in  Waterville,  Kennebec  county.  Me.,  July  16, 
1808;  died  at  Milwaukee,  March  18,  1902.  Mr.  Wells  was  educated  in 
the  common  schools,  and  until  he  was  eighteen  he  worked  on  his 
father's  farm,  or  in  his  clothing  mill  in  summer.  At  that  age  he  be- 
came a  teacher,  and  during  the  succeeding  three  years  he  acquired  a 
knowledge  of  navigation  and  land  surveying.  In  1830,  he  went  to 
Florida  and  engaged  in  a  government  survey.     From  1831-35  he  kept 


WISCONSIN    NECROLOGY 


147 


a  store  at  Palmyra,  Me.  He  first  came  to  Wisconsin  in  1835,  but  diu 
not  settle  in  Milwaukee  until  1836.  He  was  the  first  justice  of  peace 
appointed  by  Governor  Dodge  in  1836,  and  in  1838  was  made  probate 
judge.  He  served  in  the  territorial  council  from  1838-40,  and  in  Con- 
gress from  1852-56.  To  recount  his  numerous  and  successful  busi- 
ness ventures  would  require  more  space  than  the  limits  of  these 
biographies  admit.  For  almost  seventy  years  he  was  active  in  many 
of  the  large  financial  measures  of  the  city  and  state;  and  died  the 
wealthiest  man  in  Milwaukee,  and  its  oldest  settler. 

William  Clarke  Whitford,  born  in  the  town  of  Edmeston,  Otsego 
County,  N.  Y.,  May  o,  1828;  died  at  Milton,  Wis.,  May  20,  1902.  He 
received  his  preparatory  training  at  Brookfield  academy  and  De  Ruy- 
ter  institute,  N.  Y. ;  and  was  graduated  from  Union  college  in  1853, 
and  in  1856  from  Union  Theological  seminary.  Immediately  after 
leaving  the  seminary,  he  was  called  to  the  Seventh-Day  Baptist  church 
at  Milton,  Wisconsin.  After  serving  this  church  as  its  pastor  for 
three  years,  he  assumed  the  principalship  of  Milton  academy,  in  which 
he  had  taught  eight  years  before.  In  1867,  through  his  efforts  the 
academy  was  erected  into  a  college,  and  he  has  ever  since  been  the 
president  of  that  institution,  except  while  acting  as  state  superintend- 
ent of  public  instruction  from  1878-82.  In  1867  he  was  a  member  of 
the  assembly,  and  1867-76  a  member  of  the  board  of  normal  regents. 
His  life  work  was  the  establishment  and  development  of  Milton  col- 
lege, and  the  furtherance  of  educational  interests  throughout  the  state. 


T48  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 


GEN.  HARRISON  CARROLL  HOBART 


BY  EI.TAS  A.   CAT.KINS. 

Harrison  Carroll  Hobart  was  bom  January  31,  1815,  in  Ash- 
burnham,  Worcester  county,  Massachusetts.  His  father  was  a 
typical  NeW'  England  farmer,  and  his  early  lifei  was  one  of 
ordinary  privation  and  difficulty,  of  work  on  the  farm  and  mJea- 
ger  schooling.  Going  to  New  Hampshire  at  the  age  of  sixteen 
years,  he  entered  the  printing  office  of  John  R.  Reding  at  Hav- 
erhill in  that  state,  and  served  an  apprenticeship  of  three  yeai*s. 
After  that  time,  by  working  at  his  trade,  hd  secured  the  means 
to  prepare  for  college  at  the  Concord  Literary  institute  and  at 
JSTew  Hampton  academy.  He  ente'red  Dartmouth,  college  in 
1838,  supporting  himself  there  by  teaching  winters  at  the  Ro- 
chester academy,  and  was  graduated  in  1842. 

An  intersting  incident  of  his  college'  career  was  his  sugges- 
tion of  the  organization  of  the  Tiri  Kappa  society.  The  mlove- 
ment  had  its  origin  in  a  spirit  of  resistance  to  class  oligarchy 
and  a  system  of  social  exclusiveness.  He  was  a  natural  demo- 
crat and  hostile  to  the  principle  according  to  which  birth  and 
wealth,  instead  of  ability  and  scholarship,  are  m|ade  the  basis 
of  personal  distinction.  Thai  new  society  was  successful  fro{m 
tbe  start,  and  has  becomtei  one  of  the  strongest  college  societies 
in  the  country. 

He  studied  law  in  Boston,  in  the  office  of  the  late  Robert 
Rantoul,  jr.,  whose  eminent  career  at  the  bar  and  as  a  states- 
man, was  terminated  by  death  in  1852,  at  the  comparatively 
early  age  of  forty-seven  years. 

Mr.  Hobart  was  admitted  to  practice  at  the  Suffolk  county 
bar   in   1845.     The  following  year  he  removed  to   the  ter- 


GEN.  HARRISON  CARROLL  HOB  ART 


149 


ritory  of  Wisconsin,  and  settled  at  the  new  town  of  Sheboygan, 
on  the  lake  shore.  He  at  once  became  prominent  as  a  lawyer, 
and  wa5  successful  in  his  practice,  which  continued  till  the 
breaking  out  of  the  war  in  1861. 

He  was  at  the  front  in  politics  as  a  member  of  the  Demo- 
cratic party,  and  in  public  affairs.  This  position  he  msain- 
tained  tliroughout  his  active  life.  He  was  identified  to  a 
greatef  or  less  degree  with  nearly  every  public  event,  and  with 
every  chapter  in  the  history  of  the  state  for  the  ensuing  period 
of  forty  or  fifty  years. 

Ho  was  elected  a  membei*  of  the  lower  house  of  the  territo- 
rial legislature  of  1847  for  tlie  district  of  Sheboygan  and  Wash- 
ington counties,  and  was  an  able,  industrious,  and  influential 
memiber  of  tliat  body.  A  constitutional  convention  had  been 
held  in  1846,  but  the  constitution  that  it  framed  was  rejected 
by  popular  vote.  The  legislature  of  1847  provided  for  a  sec- 
ond convention  which  met  the  latter  part  of  the  year.  The 
constitution  which  it  prepared  was  adopted  by  the  people,  and 
the  state  government  was  organized  by  the  election  of  state  offi- 
cers and  members  of  the  state  legislature.  In  the  territorial 
body  Mr.  Hobart  introduced  a  bill,  which  was  afterwards 
passoil,  to  constiiiet  a  railroad  from  Milwaukee  to  Waukesha. 
This  was  tlio  first  link  in  the  present  great  Chicago,  ]\Iilwau- 
kee  &  St.  Paul  system.  He  also  introduced  a  measure  to  abol- 
ish capital  punishment. 

Wisconsin  was  admitted  into  the  Union  by  act  of  Congress 
May  29,  1848.  At  the  election  of  members  for  the  legislature, 
Mr.  Hobart  was  chosen  state  senator  from  the  first  district. 
He  was  appointed  chairman  of  the  senate  judiciary  committee, 
the  most  laborious  and  responsible  position  in  the  legislature. 
Tlio  ontii-e  body  of  territorial  laws  was  to  be  revised,  and  the 
constitution  required  the  enactment  of  new  laws  on  sub- 
jects of  the  higliest  importance.  The  biu'den  of  tliis  work  was 
done  by  this  comlnittee.  Its  chairman  introduced  and  secured 
the  passage  of  tlie  homestead  exemption  law;  and  was  active 
in  securing  liberal  franchise  laws,  those  granting  civil  rights 
to  married  women,  the  school  laws  Avhich  substantially  remain 
to  the  present  timie,  and  tlie  enactments  creating  the  state  ITni- 
versity  and  Uio  State  Historical  Society. 


ISO 


WISCONSIN   HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 


SeiTing  for  the  sKort  term,  wliicli  included  but  a  single  ses- 
sion of  the  senate,  Mr.  Hobart  was  elected  in.  the  fall  of  1848, 
a  member  of  the  assem*bly.  When  the  legislature  convened  he 
was  chosen  sjx^aker.  As  a  presiding  officer  lie  displayed  abil- 
ity, good  judgniient,  tact,  urbanity,  and  a  thorough  knowledge 
of  parliamentary  usages.  In  these  qualities  ho  has  had  no  su- 
perior in  tlie  long  line  of  succession  to  the  speakership  of  tlie 
assembly,  which  has  been  dignified  and  adorned  by  many  of  the 
most  distinguished  mten  in  the  state. 

While  presiding  over  the  assembly  he  was  active  in  his  legis- 
lative duties,  which  were  numerous  and  exacting.  The  new 
state  required  many  laws  for  public  and  local  improvemjents, 
the  latter  were  especially  needed  in  the  district  which  he  rep- 
resented. He  procured  the  passage  of  an  act  incoi-porating  the 
Sheboygan  &  Fond  du  Lac  Railroad  company.  On  its  subse- 
quent organization,  Avhich  was  effected  mainly  through  his  ef- 
forts, he  was  appointed  attorney  for  the  board  of  directors. 

In  1850,  he  was  the  Democratic  ca.ndidat-o  for  Congress  in 
the  third  district.  His  opponent  was  James  D.  Doty,  an  in- 
dependent candidate  having  the  support  of  both  the  Whigs  and 
Freesmlers ;  he  was  elected,  but  this  was  the  last  public  service 
he  rendered  tlie  state. 

Mr.  Hobart  rem,oved  to  Calumet  county  in  1854,  and  with 
others  founded  the  city  of  C^hilton,  where  ho  made  his  homio. 
He  had  a  law  practice  and  extensive  property  interests  which 
occuj)ied  his.  care  and  attention.  Yet  he  continued  to  take  an 
active  part  in  political  and  public  affairs.  He  appeared  fre- 
quently as  a  delegate  in  local,  state,  and  national  Democratic 
conventions,  was  prominent  in  the  counsels  of  his  party,  and 
was  recognized  as  a  strong,  jwpulai;  leader. 

In  1856,  he  was  nominated  for  Congress  by  the  Democrats. 
The  candidate  of  the  new  Republican  iiarty  was  Charles  Bil- 
linghurst.  There  had  been  intense  excitement  and  great  hostil- 
ity to  the  Democratic  party  in  1850  on  account  of  the  slavei*;}' 
question  in  Congress.  Mr.  Hobart  was  in  sympathy  with  the 
free-soil  element  of  the- country,  but  was  compelled,  however,  to 
meet  the  opposition  to  the  national  Democratic  party  on  the 
^laverj  issue,  and  was  defeated  by  a  reduced  majority. 


GEN.  HARRISON  CARROLL  HOB  ART 


151 


In  1 858,  lie  was  again  elected  a  member  of  the  assembly  from 
the  Calumet  county  district.  He  took  his  seat  at  the  session  of 
1859.  He  procured  the  passage  of  an  act  incorporating  a  com- 
pany to  construct  a  railroad  from  ]\[ilvvaukee  to  Green  Bay. 
This  road  is  now  one  of  the  lines  of  the  Chicago,  Milwaukee  & 
St.  Paul  Railway.  In  the  same  year  he  was  elected  by  the  legis- 
lature a  regent  of  the  State  University. 

In  the  fall  of  1850,  Mr.  Hobart  made  his  last  appearance  in 
politics  previous  to  the  war  for  the  Union.  He  was  nominated 
as  the  Democratic  candidate  for  govenior  and  made  an  active 
and  brilliant  campaigTi.  He  addressed  the  jx^ople  in  all  parts 
of  the  state  in  company  with  his  competitor,  the  late  Alexan- 
der W.  Randall.  Tbe  slavery  conflict  had  become  earnest  and 
intensified  and  the  country  was  rapidly  drifting  into  civil  war. 
The  Democratic  party  had  been  defeated  in  nearly  eveiy  north- 
em  state.  The  election  occurred  on  the  eve  of  the  presidential 
election  of  1800,  in  whicli  the  ^N'ortli  and  South  were  to  be  sub- 
stantially arrayed  against  each  other  on  sectional  lines.  He 
was  defeated,  though  her  wceived  an  iimntense  popular  vote, 
greater  than  that  cast  for  any  Democratic  candidate  at  any  pre- 
vious election. 

As  the  lx3ginning  of  the  war  constituted  an  epoch  in  national 
history',  it  was  also  an  o|X)ch  in  the  histoiy  of  the  lives  of  most 
meu  who  bad  l)een  active  in  public  affairs.  Mr.  Hobart  at  that 
time  was  forty-five  years  of  age.  His  entire  mature  life  bad  been 
spent  in  Wisconsin.  It  had  been  a  remarkably  busy  life.  An 
able  man  of  aggressive  impulses  and  decided  opinions,  devoted 
to  his  friends  and  to  the  cause  in  which  his  faith  was  engaged, 
an  impressive,  ready,  and  tactful  public  speaker,  with  an  in- 
stinctive interest  in  public  ^vents,  he  had  participates!  in  all  the 
movements  of  men  ai>d  parties  which  made  up  the  history  of 
the  state.  He  was  regard (m1  as  one  of  its  foreuiost  citizens.  The 
pui-ity  of  liis  character,  the  uprightness  of  his  public  ajid  private 
conduct^  liis  devotion  to  the  public  interests,  his  energ}'^  and  ac- 
tivity in  all  his  pursuits,  were  qualities  which  commianded  uni- 
vei-sal  respect.  Tliis  part  of  his  career  ended  with  the  peaceful 
years  before  the  war. 

With    President    Lincoln's    call    for    75,000    volunteers,  in 


152 


WISCONSIN   HISTORICAL   SOCIETY 


April,  1861,  he  raised  a  company  of  one  hundred  men,  in  which 
he  enlisted  as  a  private  soldier.  In  addition  to  his  patriotic  ex- 
ample, he  made  inspiring  speeches  to  the  people  in  various  parts 
of  the  state,  and  was  active  in  the  recruiting  service.  At 
Gravesville,  April  24,  he  said  to  a  large  and  enthusiastic  audi- 
ence :  "It  is  no  time  to  dispute  as  to  who  or  what  has  brought 
about  this  disturbance.  It  is  enough  to  know  that  this  country 
is  in  danger,  and  action — prompt  and  decisive  action — is  what 
is  needed.  I  would  rather  go  to  the  war  and  fill  a  soldier's 
grave,  than,  to  stay  at  home,  a  coward."  By  the  company  in 
which  he  had  enlisted  he  was  elected  captain  and  received  his 
commission  from  Governor  Eandall.  This  company  was  as- 
signed to  the  fourth  infantry. 

This  regiment  left  the  state  July  r>,  1801,  fully  equipped, 
but  without  arms.  At  Corning,  Now  York,  railroad  officials 
being  dissatisfied  because  their  road  had  not  been  employed  to 
transport  the  troops,  refused  to  furnish  transportation  to  El- 
mira,  JSTew  York.  Captain  Ilobart  asked  and  obtained  leave 
from  the  colonel  to  seize  the  first  train  that  came  over  the  road 
and  attach  it  to  the  cai^s  containing  the  regiment  and  compel 
the  engineer  to  take  tliem  to  Elmira.  This  was  successfully 
accomplished. 

The  regiment  went  to  Baltimore  and  was  assigned  t^o  guard 
and  patrol  duty,  during  the  remainder  of  the  summer.  In  the 
fall  of  18 Gl,  it  was  in  the  expedition  to  the  eastern  shore  of 
Maryland,  which  drove  out  and  across  the  bay  some  detach- 
ments of  confederate  troops. 

Aft^er  this  servdce  Captain  Hobart  was  detailed  by  General  ' 
McClellan  on  court-martial  duty  as  judges  advocate  for  the  trial 
of  officers  in  Baltimore. 

March  5,  18  G2,  the  regiment  embarked  on  board  the  steamer 
G onMUvi'wih,  as  a,  part  of  General  Butler's  force  for  the  capture 
of  New  Orleans,  After  a  voyage  of  about  eight  days,  this  force 
was  landed  at  Ship  Island.  It  participated  in  all  the  work  of 
the  expedition  previous  to  the  bombardment  of  forts  Jackson 
and  St.  Philip,  which  guarded  the  river  approach  to  New  Or- 
leans. After  the  surrender  of  the  forts,  the  regimfant  ascended 
the  river  and  was  one  of  the  first  to  enter  the  city.     The  cam- 


GEN.  HARRISON  CARROLL  HOBART 


153 


paign  of  1862  in  tliat  part  of  the  country  was  exceedingly  ardu- 
ous. Captain  Hobart  took  an  active  part  in  all  the  operations 
as  far  up  the  river  as  Vicksburg. 

The  regiment  embarked  on  transports  at  Baton  Rouge,  June 
17,  for  an  expedition  up  the  Mississippi.  After  active  opera- 
tions at  Bayou  Black  near  Grand  Gulf,  it  proceeded  to  the  vicin- 
ity of  Vicksburg,  where  the  men  were  on  active  duty  until  July 
24,  when  they  returned  to  Baton  Rouge.  At  this  place  the  com- 
mand was  attacked  by  a  superior  confederate  force  under  Gen. 
John  C.  Breckinridge,  which  was  repulsed  with  great  loss. 

August  21,  1862,  Captain  Hobart.  was  promoted  to  lieutenantr 
colonel  of  the  twenty-first  Wisconsin  inf antiy ;  and  was  re- 
lieved from  duty  in  the  department  of  the  gulf  to  take  command 
of  his  regiment,  then  in  Kentucky.  Colonel  Sweet,  having  been 
severely  wounded,  did  not  again  return  to  his  command.  The 
rqD^ment  had  been  but  a  short  time  in  the  service,  but  had  suf- 
fered severely  and  was  greatly  reduced  in  numbers.  Colonel 
Hobart  improved  its  discipline,  trained  it  in  the  duties  of  the 
camp  and  march,  instructed  the  officers  and  men  in  drill,  and 
prepared  them  for  the  arduous  campaigns  before  themi. 

The  fir^  battle  in  which  the  regiment  participated  under 
Colonel  Hobart's  command,  was  at  Murfreesboro,  Stone  River, 
December  30,  1862.  Tlie  day  precedins;  the  general  engage- 
ment, the  twenty-first  met  Wheeler's  confederate  cavalry,  3,500 
strong,  with  four  howitzers  at  Jefferson  Pike  near  Stone  Ri^v^r. 
The  enemy  had  attacked  one  of  the  supply  trains  with  only  a 
small  guard  of  convalescents  on  their  Avay  to  join  their  regi- 
ments in  the  field.  The  twenty-first  regiment  was  ordered  to 
re-inforce  the  escort  of  the  train  and  attack  the  confederates; 
the  action  was  severe.  The  enemy,  notwithstanding  their  su- 
perior numbei-s,  were  defeated  and  the  train  was  escorted  in 
safety  to  the  main  army.  General  Rousseau  in  his  report  of  the 
action  says :  "In  this  affair  the  Third  Brigade  behaved  hand- 
somely. The  burden  of  the  fisrht  fell  upon  the  tw^enty-first 
Wisconsin,  Lieutenant-Colonel  Hobart  commanding.  This  r^- 
ment,  led  by  its  efficient  commander,  behaved  like  veterans." 

Colonel  Hobart  actively  participated  in  the  battles  of  Mur- 
freesboro, and  in  the  subsequent  movements  of  the  Army  of  the 
11 


154 


WISCONSIN   HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 


Cumberland.  He  was  in  the  action  at  Hoover's  Gap,  with  the 
advance  upon  Tallahoma ;  at  the  crossing  of  the  Tennessee  River 
Sept  11,  1863  ;  and  in  the  tight  at  Dug  Gap. 

The  union  and  secession  armies  met  in  full  force  at  Chicka- 
mauga,  September  19.  The  position  of  the  twenty-first  Wis- 
consin w^as  in  the  fi-ont  lino  of  the  fourteenth  ooi-ps,  under  the 
command  of  General  Thomas.  The  fighting  continued  through 
the  nineteenth  and  twentieth.  On  the  last  day  the  regiment 
sustained  repeated  charges  until  near  sundown.  General  Thomas 
then  ordered  the  line  to  fall  back,  as  the  enemy  having  broken 
through,  were  moving  upon  our  right  flank.  The  order  was  not 
received  by  Colonel  Hobart,  who  continued  to  hold  his  ground 
until  he  saw  the  other  regiments  retreating.  He  then  fell  back 
slowly,  contesting  all  the  ground,  until  the  regiment  was  nearly 
surrounded.  Attempting  to  cut  a  way  through  the  enemy,  he 
was  partially  successful,  the  main  body  of  the  regiment  reached 
a  safe  position,  but  Colonel  Hobart  and  about  70  men  were  cap- 
tured. He  fell  into  the  immediate  hands  of  the  southern  gen- 
eral, Clebum,  to  whom  he  surrendered  his  sword,  receiving  as- 
surance of  his  personal  safety  and  good  treatment.  The  pris- 
oners of  war,  of  whom  there  were  about  1,700  in  all,  were 
marched  to  Tunnel  Hill  and  taken  by  cars  from  there  to  Atlanta, 
where  all  their  overcoats  and  blankets  were  taken  from  them. 
Colonel  Hobart  saw  the  confederate  officers  and  protested  against 
stripping  our  soldiers  of  their  necessary  clothing,  as  an  act  in 
violation  of  honorable  w^arfare,  cruel  and  inhuman.  They  did 
not  justify  the  act,  but  claimed  they  were  obeying  the  order  of 
General  Bragg.  A  few  days  afterward  they  w^ere  put  into  box 
cars  for  transportation  to  Richmond.  They  arrived  there  Sep- 
tember 30,  after  an  eight  days'  ride,  full  of  hardship  and  priva- 
tion. Al>out  250  officers,  including  Colonel  Hobart,  were  placed 
in  Libby  prison. 

There  is  no  prison  episode  in  modern  war  history  that  is  of 
more  thrilling  interest  than  that  of  the  confederate  prison  and 
its  inmate  at  Richmond,  including  the  daring  escape  of  Colonel 
Hobart  and  his  associates.  The  story  has  been  told  by  him  in 
graphic  and  realistic  style:  the  occupations  to  while  away  the 
dreary  liours  of  prison  life,  the  condition  of  the  prison  in  its 


GEN.    HARRISON    CARROLL    HOB  ART 


155 


various  rooms  and  appointments,  the  character  of  the  food,  tlie 
conduct  of  the  guards,  the  social  relations  of  the  prisoners,  the 
dreams  and  hopes  of  deliverance,  have  been  described  by  him 
in  words  which  neither  pain-ting  nor  ransic  conld  illustrate 
\vith  adequate  force. 

A  plan  of  escape  was  at  leng-th  adopted  and  caiTied  into  exe- 
cution, A  tunnel  was  excavated  from  the  basement  of  the  build- 
ing across  and  under  the  street  to  a  shed  on  the  opposite  side 
from  which  the  exit  was  made.  The  tunnel  was  about  seventy 
feet  long  and  eight  feet  b<elow  the  surface  of  the  street.  A 
month's  labor  was  required  for  its  construction.  It  was  com- 
pleted February  J),  18G4,  four  n\onths  and  ten  days  after  Col- 
onel Hobart  entered  tlie  prison.  Colonel  ITobart  had  charge  of 
the  escape.  One  hundred  and  nine  jjrisoners  passed  through 
this  tunnel,  of  whom  Colonel  Hobart  and  fifty-six  others  reached 
the  union  lines  in  safety.  Fifty-two  of  the  fugitives  were  re- 
captured. The  narrative  of  his  ca])ture,  prison  life,  and  escape 
has  been  frequently  publislied,  and  is  regarded  as  one  of  the 
most  interesting  records  of  the  Avar.  It  would  suffer  injustice 
from  any  abridgement,  as  his  picturesque  descriptions  and  the 
inspiration  of  individual  interest  render  it  impressively  attrac 
tive. 

Tlio  fugitives  separated  after  their  escape  and  pushed  for- 
ward on  different  routes  toward  the  camps  of  the  union  army. 
Colonel  Hobart  and  three  of  his  associates  reached  the  union 
outposts  near  Fortress  ^fonroe  and  reported  to  General  Butler. 
While  here  he  suggested  to  Butler  a  plan  by  which  he  believed 
the  confederate  authorities  could  be  forced  to  exchange  at  least 
a  limited  numlx?r  of  prisoners.  lie  said  that  if  a  boatload  of 
confederate  officers,  two  or  three  hundred  in  number,  should  be 
sent  up  James  River  to  the  outposts  of  Richmond,  with  an  offer 
to  exchange  them  for  an  equal  numlier  of  union  officei's — man 
for  man,  and  rank  for  rank— -they  would  not  be  refused.  The 
confederate  officers,  so  near  their  own  lines,  would  compel  the 
exchange.  A  refusal  to  accept  them  in  exchange  for  union 
officers,  and  their  return  to  federal  prisons,  would  shock  public 
opinion  in  the  confederate  states,  and  cause  discontent  in  their 
camps. 


156  WISCONSIN  HISTORICAL   SOCIETY 

General  Butler  appreciated  the  value  of  the  suggestion,  and 
requested  Colonel  Hobart  to  go  to  Washington  and  present  the 
matter  to  Secretary  Stanton,  which  he  did.  Stanton  referred 
him  to  General  Meredith,  who  had  charge  of  the  department 
for  the  exchange  of  prisoners,  who  approved  of  the  suggestion 
and  gave  an  order  to  General  Butler  to  try  the  experiment.  He 
dispatched  a  steamer  with  about  250  confederate  officers  to  the 
James  River  and  offered  them  for  exchange.  As  predicted,  it 
placed  the  confederate  authorities  in  a  serious  dilemma,  but 
they  found  themselves  unable  to  reject  the  offer.  They  re- 
ceived the  returned  officers,  but  notified  the  union  authorities 
that  they  would  accept  no  more  transfers  of  that  kind.  Tho 
union  officers  exchanged  under  this  plan  were  drafted  from 
Libby  prison  and  sent  down  the  James  River. 

Colonel  Hobart's  return  to  Wisconsin  was  an  occasion  of 
great  popular  interest.  The  reports  of  his  capture  at  Chicka- 
mauga,  his  confinement  in  Libby  prison  and  his  daring  escape 
had  been  republished  in  the  press  and  told  from  mouth  to  mouth 
throughout  the  state.  His  welcome  was  generous  and  over- 
whelming from  people  of  all  parties  and  classes.  His  progress 
from  one  place  to  another  in  the  state  was  a  continued  ovation. 
He  was  invited  to  deliver  an  address  by  a  joint  resolution  of 
the  legislature,  then  in  session  at  Madison.  He  gave  an  ac- 
count of  the  battle  in  which  ho  was  made  prisoner,  his  transfer 
to  Libby  prison,  his  confinement  there,  and  his  escape  and  ad- 
ventures as  a  fugitive.  The  story  produced  a  powerful  effect 
on  the  hearers  and  on  the  public  mind.  He  was  tendered  a 
reception  at  Milwaukee,  where  he  v/as  compelled  to  repeat  the 
interesting  narrative.  He  met  throngs  of  people  at  various 
points,  to  whom  he  expressed  his  opinions  of  war  measures  and 
other  matters  of  policy  regarding  the  condition  of  the  country, 
and  the  demands  of  patriotic  duty. 

At  the  expiration  of  his  furlough  he  rejoined  his  regiment  in 
the  field  and  received  his  commission  as  colonel.  His  command 
formed  a  part,  of  General  Sherman's  advance  to  Atlanta.  He 
was  in  the  battle  of  Buzzard's  Roost,  Resaca,  Dallas,  ISTew  Hope 
Church,  Kenesaw  Mountain,  Marietta,  Chattahooche,  and  Peach 
Tree  Creek.     He  participated  in  the  capture  of  Atlanta,  and 


GEN.  HARRISON  CARROLL  HOBART 


157 


witnessed  its  surrender  September  2,  1864.  Here  lie  was  pro- 
moted to  command  the  first  brigade  of  the  first  division  o£  the 
fourteenth  army  corps,  and  was  its  commanding  officer  till  the 
end  of  the  war.  He  was  in  the  march  to  the  sea  under  General 
Sherman,  and  on  the  capture  of  Savannah,  was  promoted  by 
President  Lincoln  brigadier-general  by  brevet  for  meritorious 
sei-vices,  on  the  recommendation  of  General  Shennan.  His 
brigade  was  engaged  in  the  battles  which  subsequently  occurred 
on  the  march  through  the  Carolinas,  including  the  actions  at 
Averysboro  and  Bentonville,  and  the  capture  of  Raleigh.  After 
the  surrender  of  the  confederate  army,  he  proceeded  with  his 
brigade  through  Richmond  to  Washington ;  and  participated  in 
the  grand  review  of  the  union  armies. 

The  war  being  over.  General  Hobart  was  relieved  of  the  com- 
mand of  his  brigade  by  order  of  the  commanding  general  of  the 
division,  June  8,  1865.  The  order  is  highly  complimentary  to 
him  and  expresses  a  "high  appreciation  of  the  faithful,  efficient, 
and  energetic  manner  in  which  he  had  discharged  his  duties." 
He  accompanied  his  regiment,  the  twenty-first,  to  Wisconsin, 
and  was  mustered  out  of  the  service. 

The  spectacle  presented  by  the  American  people  in  1865  was 
more  interesting,  instructive,  and  wonderful  than  any  otlier 
national  spectacle  in  history.  An  army  of  one  million  five  hun- 
dred tliousand  men  retiring  from  active  service  in  war,  was 
mustered  out  and  returned  to  the  ranks  of  peaceful  citizenship. 
After  four  years  of  absence  they  went  to  their  homes,  their 
places  of  business,  their  w^orkshops  and  farms,  resuming  their 
interrupted  vocations  and  the  daily  duties  of  civil  life.  In  a 
few  months  nothing  remained  of  the  war  but  its  tragic  history. 

On  returning  to  his  home  General  Hobart  determined  to  set- 
tle in  Milwaukee,  and  there  began  anew  his  professional  and 
business  pursuits.  In  this  work  he  displayed  the  same  energy, 
taxjt,  and  fertility  of  resources  that  had  marked  his  entire  career 
in  civil  and  army  life.  He  had  hardly  selected  the  place  of  his 
new  home  and  opened  a  business  office,  when  he  was  called  again 
to  mingle  in  public  affairs.  In  the  fall  of  1865,  he  was  once 
miore  nominated  for  governor  by  the  Democrats.  He  made  a 
spirited  canvas,  but  the  Republicans  were  still  inspired  with  war 


158  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 

cntJnisiasiu. ;  and  altlioiigli  ho  was  0110  of  tlio  Ixist  and  most  distin- 
guished soldiers  in  the  state,  he  was  defeated,  but  by  a  greatly 
reduced  majority. 

lie  was  elected  a  member  of  the  assembly  in  18G7,  from  the 
second  district  of  Milwaukee  county.  During  the  session  of 
this  legislature  he  dischai'ged  some  of  the  most  important  duties 
of  his  civil  ])ublic  lite.  Jle  ])rocured  the  passage  of  an  act  pro- 
hibiting forever  the  consolidation  of  the  Chicago,  Milwaukee 
^  St.  Paul,  and  (^liicago  &  Northwesteni  Kailways.  He  was 
the  author  of  the  act  creating  the  Milwaukee  High  School.  He 
introduced  and  advocated  the  passage  of  a  bill  repealing  all 
laws  which  made  any  act  but  marital  infidelity  cause  for 
divorce ;  and  was  the  author  of  the  eight  hour  labor  law.  Dur- 
ing this  session  what  may  be  regarded  as  the  most  remarkable 
event  in  his  political  life  occuiTed.  His  affiliation  witli  tlie 
Democratic  party  had  not  l>een  severed,  nor  had  he  departed  in 
any  way  from  the  lines  of  party  action.  But  he  detennined  to 
supix)rt  the  fourteenth  amendment  to  the  Constitution  of  the 
United  States  which  had  been  adopted  by  Congress  and  subniit- 
ted  to  the  several  states  for  ratification.  He  carried  this  deter- 
mination into  effect,  and  gave  the  reasons  for  his  course  in  a 
speech  in  the  assembly,  which  was  heard  by  an  immense  audi- 
ence. The  speech  was  fully  reported  in  the  press.  It  created 
a  deep  impression  on  the  public  mind,  and  was  regarded  as  the 
ablest  of  his  public  addresses.  He  considered  the  different 
sections  of  the  amendment,  giving  the  reasons  why  they  were 
founded  in  justice,  as  far  as  they  affected  human  rights,  and 
in  honesty  and  good  policy  as  far  as  they  related  to  the  national 
finances.  The  following  passages  of  his  speech  Avere  greeted 
with  great  applause: 

I  am  a  Democrat,  and  I  have  always  supposed  it  was  the  mission  of 
democracy  to  protect  the  rights  of  the  poor  and  weak.  Democracy  took 
the  foreign  emigrants  by  the  hand  and  gave  them,  not  only  civil  rights 
but  the  elective  franchise.  But  the  democracy  got  contaminated  by  its 
connection  with  the  Southern  slave-holders.  I  propose  to  maintain  the 
ground  of  the  ancient  democracy  when  it  was  true  to  Democratic  prin- 
ciples, and  to  move  to  the  front  and  to  take  true  Democrats  with  me. 
Democrats  will  always  be  in  the  minority  in  this  country  if  they  sym- 
pathize with  the  oppressors  of  mankind.     It  is   because  of  the  past 


GEN.  HARRISON    CARROLL    HOBART 


159 


connection  of  the  Democratic  party  with  those  who  held  men  as  prop- 
erty, and  sympathizing  with  traitors  against  the  Government,  that  it 
has  been  beaten  in  every  Northern  state;  and  unless  it  severs  its  con- 
nection with  this  class,  and  maintains  true  Democratic  principles,  it 
deserves  to  be  beaten. 

We  put  the  ballot  into  the  hands  of  poor  white  men  to  enable  them 
to  protect  their  rights,  but  the  colored  men  need  the  ballot  to  protect 
their  rights  more  than  poor  white  men,  because,  in  addition  to  their 
poverty  they  have  to  encounter  the  inveterate  prejudice  and  hostile 
influence  of  caste.  And,  sir,  th  grandest,  sublimest  event  of  the  nine- 
teenth century  will  be  the  spectacle  of  a  superior  race  extending  all 
rights  to  an  inferior  race.  For  me,  whatever  others  may  do,  I  shall 
stand  upon  the  platform  of  "equal  rights  to  all  men  without  regard  to 
color,  race,  or  creed." 

Tlie  effect  of  this  speecli  was  to  bring  the  Democrats  of  Wis- 
consin into  line  with  the  new  departure  from  slavery  and  war 
issues.  The  speecli  was  criticised  by  some  ultra-conservative 
men  in  the  party,  but  the  wisdom  and  intelligence  of  its  best 
membership  assumed  the  advanced  ground. 

After  the  session  of  the  legislature  closed,  General  Hobart 
opened  a  law  office  in  Washington,  and  was  admitted  to  practice 
in  the  United  States  Supreme  court  on  motion  of  the  late  Chief 
Justice  E.  G.  Ryan. 

He  was  subsequently  a  member  of  the  Milwaukee  common 
council  and  president  of  that  body,  and  ex-officio  acting  mayor. 
He  was  a  member  of  the  Milwaukee  board  of  trade ;  a  trustee 
and  president  of  the  Public  Library ;  and  a  member  of  the  board 
of  school  commissioners.  For  a  number  of  years  he  was  man- 
ager of  the  extensive  real  estate  business  of  the  late  Alexander 
Mitchell. 

His  services  to  the  cause  of  popular  education  were  of  the 
highest  value,  and  constitute,  probably,  the  most  useful  part  of 
his  public  life.  He  was  a  constant,  active,  and  influential 
friend  of  the  State  Univei*sity,  and  took  an  earnest  interest  in 
its  gi'owth  and  prosperity.  He  was  for  some  time  one  of  the 
regents,  and  the  great  enlargement  in  the  sphere  of  its  opera- 
tions and  usefulness  began  during  the  period  when  he  took  part 
in  the  administration  of  its  affairs.  The  Milwaukee  High 
School  which  was  established  under  the  act  of  legislature  w^hich 
he  introduced  while  a  member,  was  benefited  greatly  by  his 


l6o  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 

efforts  in  the  council  in  procuring  the  building  which  it  long 
occupied,  and  in  the  provision  made  for  its  revenues.  As 
trustee  and  president  of  the  Milwaukee  Public  Library,  he  was 
indefatigable  in  every  endeavor  to  promote  its  prosperity.  Hav- 
ing been  largely  instrumental  as  an  alderman  in  carrying 
tlirough  tlie  council  the  acceptance  of  thei  Yoimg  Men's 
Jjibrary  as  the  basis  of  a  great  public  institution,  he  has  stood 
by  the  library  with  constant  and  intense  devotion,  regarding  it 
as  his  last  public  work.  While  a  member  of  the  legislature,  he 
introduced  and  carried  through  a  statute  authorizing  school  dis- 
tricts to  establish  libraries. 

General  Hobart  lived  an  eminently  useful  life.  His  public 
career — the  period  of  his  activity  in  public  affairs — was  longer 
than  that  of  any  citizen  in  the  state.  For  more  than  forty  years 
he  played  an  important  part  in  politics,  in  legislation,  in  meas- 
ures affecting  the  public  interest,  in  the  war,  in  the  cause  of 
popular  education,  and  the  social  and  moral  movements  of  the 
people.  No  man  in  Wisconsin  can  be  named  whose  career  has 
extended  over  a  larger  part  of  its  history,  whose  name  is  more 
closely  or  creditably  identified  with  the  events  of  nearly  half  a 
century,  w^ho  has  a  cleaner  recoi'd  personally  and  in  places  of 
trust,  or  W'ho  has  lived  a  more  exemplary  public  and  private  life. 
General  Hobart  was  twice  married.  His  first  wife,  whom  he 
married  February  2,  1854,  was  Miss  Frances  Imogen  Lowrey, 
of  Troy,  Now  York.  She  died  March  22,  1855.  His  second 
wife  was  Mrs.  Anna  Clarence  Mower,  of  Bloston,  Massachusetts, 
whom  he  married  June  8,  1857. 


THE    BOOTH    WAR    IN    RIPON  i6l 


THE  BOOTH  WAR  IX  RIPON 


BY  GEORGE  W.   CAETEE. 

Tihe  historical  episode  faiuiliariy  known  as  ''Tlie  Booth 
War"  though  characterized  by  a  development  of  fanaticism, 
was  nevertlieless,  one  of  the  manifestations  of  the  aroused  spirit 
of  resistance  to  the  aggi-essions  of  the  slave  power,  which  pre- 
vailed in  tliis  country  at  tliat  time.  This  spirit  became  mani- 
fest in  the  Northern  states  in  the  yeai^s  immiediately  following' 
the  enactmient  of  the  fugitive  slave  law,  in  1850.  It  gained 
force  on  the  repeal  of  the  Missouri  conLpromise  in  1854,  and 
was  materially  intensified  by  the  Dred  Scott  decision  in  1857. 

It  was  claimed  that  the  fugitive  slave  law  required  every 
citizen  of  tlie  United  States  either  to  become  a  slave-catcher  at 
the  call  of  the  owner,  or  to  suffer  penalties  for  failure  to 
respond ;  and  that  the  repeal  of  the  compromise  act,  followed 
by  the  construction  given  to  the  Constitution  in  the  Dred  Scott 
decision,  made  slavery  national  instead  of  local,  and  enabled 
the  slave  holder  to  carry  his  slaves,  like  other  chattels,  under 
the  protection  of  the  Constitution  and  the  laws,  into  every  ter- 
ritory in  the  Union.  By  logical  sequence,  it  was  apprehended 
that  only  one  furtlier  step  was  wanting,  to  establish  negro  slav- 
ery permanently  throughout  the  United  States. 

Sherman  M.  Booth  was  one  of  the  editors  of  The  Free  Demo- 
crat in  Milwaukee.  He  was  an  abolitionist  of  the  Garrison 
and  Phillips  type,  and  had  the  courage  of  his  convictions,  but 
was  as  impolitic  and  unpractical  as  John  Brown  himself.  In 
season  and  out  of  season,  he  proclaimed  the  right  and  duty  of 


1  Paper  read  before  the  Ripon  Historical  Society,  April  16,  1902,  and 
condensed  for  the  present  publication. — Ed. 


lC)2  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 

ovory  citizen  to  resist  tlic  kidnapping  of  any  man,  black  or 
white,  for  tlie  purpose  of  canying  liini  out  of  the  state,  eitlier 
to  prison  or  to  slavery,  until  the  state  courts  had  determined 
tlie  question  of  his  amenability  to  the  laws  of  tlie  state  demand- 
ing ])im. 

To  meet,  in  a  measure,  the  aroused  public  sentiiiiient^  j)er- 
so^nal  liberty  laws  liad  Ixxmi  onactixl  in  many  of  the  northern 
states.  In  Wisconsin  there  was  a  statute  authorizing  the  writ 
of  halx^ias  corpus  to  issue  in  favor  of  persons  claimed  as  fugi- 
tiv^o  slaves,  and  retpiiring  tlie  trial  of  tlie  question  of  their  right 
to  freedom  by  a  jury.  The  law  also  required  the  testimony  of 
at  least  two  witnesses,  who  must  confront  tlie  accused  in  court^ 
to  establish  the  right  of  the  claimant  to  carry  a  person  to  slav- 
ery; and  a  fine  and  an  imprisonment  followed  the  conviction 
of  aji}  person  falsely  claiming  a  free  negro  to  be  a  slave.  Fur- 
thermore tlioro  was  a  public  sentiment  in  Wisconsin,  far  more 
discouraging  to  slave  catchers  than  the  most  stringent  of  stat- 
utes could  have  been. 

On  the  fifteenth  day  of  March,  1854,  Booth  was  arrested  on 
a  charge  of  having  aided  tlie  escape  fromj  C.  C.  Cotton,  deputy 
United  States  marslial,  of  one  Joshua  Glover,  alleged  to  be  a 
fugitive  slave  whom  the  marshal  had  had  in  jail  in  the  city  of 
Milwaukee.  Booth  was  held  at  bail  in  the  sum  of  $2,000  by 
United  States  commissioner,  Winfield  Smith,  but  obtained  a 
writ  of  habeas  coii>us  from  the  supreme  court  of  Wisconsii), 
and  the  case  was  argued  l)efore  Associatx3!-Justice  A.  D.  Smiitli. 
Byron  Paine,  afterwards  a  justice  of  the  same  court,  defended 
Booth.  The  wi*it  of  arrest  was  held  to  be  irregular  and  was 
dismissed,  and  Booth  Avas  discharged  from  custody.  The  opin- 
ion of  Judge  Smith  not  only  declared  the  ^vrit  irregular,  but 
contained  an  elaborate  and  vigorous  denial  of  the  constitution- 
ality of  the  fugitive  slave  act.  At  a  rehearing  before  the  full 
l>ench,  during  the  July  term,  the  decision  of  Judge  Smith  was 
unanimously  affirmed.  Chief  Justice  Whiton,  who  \vrote  tJie 
opinion,  concurred  with  Smith  that  the  act  was  imconsti- 
tutional ;  and  Justice  Crawford,  in  a  separate  opinion,  concur- 
red with  both,  that  tlie  vn-it  upon  which  Booth  was  arrested, 
was  defective  and  void,  and  all  agreed  that  the  prisoner  mtust  be 


THE    BOOTH    WAR    IN    RIPON  163 

discharged.  Bootli  was  re-arrestecl,  liowever,  convicted  in  the 
United  States  conrt  on  the  original  charge,  and  sentenced  t<j 
thirty  days  imprisonment,  and  to  be  held  until  he  paid  a  fine 
of  $1,000. 

The  exciteunent  throughout  tlie  state  was  intense,  and  a  large 
subscription  was  inuuodiatelj  seeured  to  pay  the  legal  expenses 
of  anotlier  tibial.  The  second  appeal  to  tbe  supreme  court  of 
Wisconsin,  i-esulted  in  a  r€>-grant  of  the  writ  of  habeas  coi-pus, 
find  Booth,  was  set  free  in  Februar}',  1855.  The  case  was  then 
referred  to  tlie  Unite<l  States  supreme  court,  where  a  conflict 
of  jui-isdiction  occurred.  It  was  argued  before  the  latter  court 
in  December,  1858 ;  and  March  1,  18 GO,  Booth,  was  re-arrested 
and  confined  in  the  United  States  custom  house  in  Milwaukee. 

It  should  be  noted  that  tliis  was  not  the  only  personal  lib- 
erty demonstration  occurring  during  these  years.  In  May, 
1850,  Simeon  Bushnell  and  Charles  Langston  vrere  tried  in 
the  United  States  district  court  in  Cuyahoga,  Ohio  for  i-escu- 
ing  a  negro  alleged  to  be  a  fugitive  slave,  from  the  custody  of  a 
United  States  deputy  marshal.  Judge  Brinkerhoff  of  tlie 
supreme  court  of  Ohio  said,  '"Congress  has  usurped  a  power 
not  granted  by  the  Constitution,  and  the  federal  judiciary, 
thi-ough  a  medimn  of  laraie,  halting  and  contradictory  reason 
has  sanctioned  the  usurpation.  The  enactment  and  enforce- 
ment of  the  fugitive  slave  laws  of  1850  have  awakened  inquiry 
and  thought  upon  the  enormity  of  these  usui"pations,  and  so 
surely  as  the  natural  convictions  of  the  mass  of  the  intelligent 
.  minds  in  tliis  country  must  ultimately  control  the  operations 
of  government,  so  surely  must  this  qu^tion  be  settled.  When 
it  is  settled  right,  then  it  will  be  settled  and  not  before  then." 

The  time  had  also  come  when  political  parties  were  lining 
up  on  this  question.  A  national  convention  convened  at 
Charleston,  to  nominate  candidates  for  president  and  vice-presi- 
dent, resolved  that  ''All  citizens  have  an  equal  right  to  settle 
Anth  their  property  in  the  territories  undisturbed  by  Congres- 
sional or  territorial  legislation."  Also,  that  "it  is  the  duty  of 
the  Federal  government  to  protect  the  rights  of  persons  and 
property  whei'ever  the  authority  of  the  Constitution  extends." 

Prominent  speakers  and  newspapers  throughout  the  northern 


l64  WISCONSIN   HISTORICAL   SOCIETY 

states,  wore  setting  fortli  the  doctrine,  that  it  was  a  religions 
and  patriotic  duty  to  resist  to  the  hitter  end,  ttie  unjust  and 
unlawful  demands  of  the  slave  oligarchy,  and  by  precept  and 
example,  to  make  slave  catching  in  free  states  so  odious  that 
no  man  who  had  respect  for  the  opinions  of  his  fellow  citizens 
would  be  found  to  engage  in  it.  Mr.  Doolittle,  senator  from 
Wisconsin,  in  a  speech  in  tlie  United  States  Senate,  said:  ''Au 
unconstitutional  law  is  no  law;"  and  tliat  the  state  judiciary 
had  the  jurisdiction  and  tlie  undoubted  right  to  interpret  the 
Constitution  of  the  United  States,  "so  far  as  to  protect  the 
rights  and  liberties  of  citizens  of  the  state."  Judge  Sloan,  a 
candidate  at  that  time  for  judge  of  the  state  supreme  ooui't 
declared  on  March  6,  1860  :  '*!  concur  in  the  opinion  of  Judge 
Smiith  in  the  Booth  case,  that  the  fugitive  slave  law  is  uncon- 
stitutional, and  that  Booth  has  committed  no  offense  for  which 
ho  should  suffer  imprisomiient."  Yet  Booth  was  at  that  time 
in  the  customj  house  in  Milwaukee  deprived  of  his  liberty  witli- 
out  redress  from  the  courts. 

So,  considering  the  influences  of  the  pulpit,  the  press,  and 
the  forunii  at  that  time,  it  was  not  unnatural  that  some  coui*- 
ageous  young  patriots  should  have  come  to  the  front  in  Ripon 
and  elsewhere  in  Wisconsin,  to  dare  to  enforce  the  doctrine  of 
freedom  so  generally  and  so  eloquently  proclaimed. 

The  excitement  in  the  state  over  the  continued  imiprisonment 
of  Booth  was  becoming  intense.  Governor  Randall,  learning 
tliat  Captain  Barry  of  the  "Union  Guards,"  a  military  com- 
pany in  Milwaukee,  contemplated  calling  his  company  to  tlie 
defense  of  the  custom  house  in  case  of  an  attempted  rescue  of 
Booth,  disbanded  the  guards.  James  H.  Paine,  a  prominent 
laAvyer  of  Milwaukee,  and  39  others  issued  a  stirring  call  "To 
all  who  are  in  favor  of  maintaining  the  dignity  and  high  char- 
acter of  our  Supreme  Court  in  upholding  the  bulwarks  of  free- 
dom" to  meet  in  Milwaukee,  March  19,  1860.  At  this  meet- 
ing spirited  speeches  were  ihjade  and  ringing  resolutions  passed, 
denouncing  the  action  of  the  United  States  courts,  and  sustain- 
ing the  supreme  coui*t  of  Wisconsin.  Booth  in  a  letter  denom- 
inated a  "Voice  from  the  Bastille,"  published  March  23,  1860, 
in  the  Ripon  Times,  says  he  was  kidnapped  by  virtue  of  a  pre- 


THE    BOOTH    WAR   IN   RIPON 


165 


tended  judgment  upon  the  cause  of  action  from  which,  by  our 
supreme  court  on  February  3,  1856,  he  had  been  discharged ; 
and  that  he  had,  since  his  arrest,  been  denied  the  right  of  coun- 
sel and  the  visit  of  friends.  He  demanded  that  if  the  laws  and 
courtij  of  this  state  were  of  any  force  and  effect,  means  should 
be  found  for  his  liberation. 

The  Ripon  Times  in  its  issue  of  July  6,  1860,  called  upon 
the  people  of  the  rural  districts  to  do  something  to  aid  Booth 
to  secure  his  liberty,  closing  with  tJie  words:  "We  have  had 
speeches  enough,  we  want  money  and  muscle." 

Prior  to  this,  on  June  28,  Booth's  appeal  was  published  in  the 
Free  Democrat  wherein  he  set  forth  his  attitude  and  claims 
at  length.  The  supreme  court,  he  said,  had  exonerated  him ; 
Governor  Randall  in  his  inaugural  message,  had  declared  the 
decision  of  the  court  in  his  case  to  be  the  doctrine  of  the  state, 
and  pledged  all  the  poAver  of  the  executive  to  enforce  it;  the 
legislature  of  Wisconsin  had  declared  all  slave  judgments  in 
this  state  void,  and  imposed  a  penalty  of  fine  and  imprison- 
ment on  any  one  who  shall  imprison  one  who  has  been  dis- 
charged on  a  vrnt  of  habeas  corpus.  He  declared  that  ever*.' 
Republican  newspaper  in  the  state  had  sustained  the  court, 
and  that  hundreds  of  meetings  had  passed  resolutions 
sustiiining  him  in  the  position  he  had  taken ;  that  President 
Buchanan  had  offered  to  pardon  him  if  he  would  acknowledge 
that  he  had  done  wrong,  and  that  the  Milwaukee  News  had 
imhnediately  published  the  offer,  stating  that  all  Booth  was 
required  to  do  was  to  get  down  on  his  knees  and  beg  for  mercy, 
acknowledging  his  wrong,  to  obtain  pardon  and  his  discharge ; 
that  although  he  had  been  four  months  in  prison,  his  business 
broken  up  and  his  plans  frustrated,  and  though  his  fam- 
ily sorely  needed  him,  he  would  never  prove  recreant  to  the 
CAuse  of  freedom. 

On  the  fourth  of  July  posters  were  placarded  about  the 
streets  of  Mihvaukee,  calling  "Freemien  to  the  Courthouse  at 
2  o'clock.  Booth  vnW  address  the  people  from  his  window  in 
the  jail."  A  large  crowd  assembled.  O.  H.  LaGrange  of 
Ripon,  mounted  the  stone  wall  under  the  jail  window,  and 
stated  that  Mr.  Booth  was  not  permitted  to  make  the  address. 


1 66  WISCONSIN   HISTORICAL   SOCIETY 

but  that  the  manuscript  had  been  conveyed  to  him,  and  he  would 
read  it  to  the  people.  The  address  was  an  able  and  inspiring 
appeal  for  the  cause  in  which  Booth  claimed  to  be  suffering 
martyrdom,  and  it  elicited  great  applause.  It  was  followed  by 
an  eloquent  address  by  La  Grange.  Referring  to  the  encroach- 
ments of  the  slave  power  in  recent  years,  he  said :  "There  is 
one  more  decision  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States 
in  reserve,  giving  the  master  power  to  hold  his  chattels  in  every 
state  of  our  Union.  If  this  fails  to  a,waken  us,  the  spirit  of 
our  fathers  has  departed  from  our  government,  the  torpor  of 
death  has  fastened  upon  our  body  politic,  and  the  crack  of 
doom  could  not  break  our  slumbers."  lie  closed  by  proposing 
clieers  for  Lincoln  and  Hamlin,  which  were  given  with  a  will. 
August  1,  1860,  Booth  was  rescued  fromi  the  jail,  caiTie<l 
out  of  the  city  in  a  carriage  previously  engaged,  to  a  station  on 
the  Cliicago,  Mihvaukee  &  St.  Paul  Railway,  Avhere  he  took 
passage  for  Waupun.  The  Milwaukee  Sentinel,  and  other  Mil- 
waukee newspapers,  told  the  story  of  the  rescue,  which  was  pub- 
lished in  the  Ri|X)n  Times  August  3,  1860,  substantially  as  fol- 
lows : 

Shortly  after  noon  ten  men  walked  up  the  Courthouse  steps  and 
one  of  them  presented  the  jailer  a  card  of  admission  to  see  Booth. 
While  the  jailer  was  inspecting  the  card  he  was  seized,  his  keys  taken, 
the  door  unlocked  and  Booth,  being  in  readiness,  took  a  carriage  and 
was  driven  out  of  the  city.  The  jailer  was  thrust  inside  and  the 
key  turned  on  him.  It  was  all  done  quietly  and  without  alarm.  Mr. 
Booth  took  the  train  to  Waupun  where  he  became  the  guest  of  Hans  C. 
Heg,  the  warden  of  the  state  prison. 

The  Milwaukee  News  stated  that  Professor  Daniels  and 
O.  H.  LaGrange  were  the  leaders  of  the  rescuing  party.  A 
reward  of  $100  was  offered  for  the  capture  of  the  prisoner. 

Booth  arrived  in  Ripon  Saturday  evening,  August  4,  aceom- 
]>anied  by  an  escort  from  Waupun.  It  having  been  announced 
that  he  would  speak  in  the  city  hall  that  evening,  it  was  crowded 
io  overflowing.  William  Starr  presided  at  the  meeting.  Soon 
after  Booth  had  (»omm.enced,  Frank  D.  McCarty  of  Fond  du 
Lac,  TTiiit^  States  deputy  marshal,  with  two  assistants,  en- 
tered   from    a    door    by    an    outside    stairway,     and    step- 


THE    BOOTH    WAR    IN    RIPON  167 

ping  on  the  platform,  njwn  the  side  nearest  the  door,  an- 
nounced to  Booth  that  he  had  a  warrant  for  his  arrest  and  that 
he  was  his  prisoner.  At  the  same  time  he  stepped  forward 
and  laid  hands  on  l^iooth  to  arrest  him.  His  assistants  also 
attempted  to  grapple  the  prisoner.  In  this,  however,  they  were 
disappointed,  for  tliey  were  thrust  aside  by  stalwai-t  young  men 
who  Avere  close  at  hand,  and  McCarty  was  himself  collared  and 
hustled  off  the  stage  out  of  the  door  where  he  came  in,  and  tuni- 
bled  doAVTi  stairs  in  a  very  unceremonious  manner.  It  miust  be 
conceded  that  the  proceeding  was  somewhat  disrespectful  to  the 
marshal  and  liable  to  be  construed  as  against  the  peace  and 
dignity  of  the  United  States  of  America.  From  the  foot  of  the 
stairs  the  deputy  marshal  made  good  time  to  the  ^Mapes  House 
which  was  the  headquarters  of  his  forcev«.  An  angry  crowd 
shouted,  "Hang  him,"  "Shoot  him,"  "Kill  him,"  and  uttered 
other  loud  and  emphatic  language  of  the  same  import. 

Order  heing  restored  in  the  hall,  A.  E.  Bovay  offered  a  reso- 
lution which  was  adopted  with  enthusiasm,  to  the  effect  that 
Booth  should  not  be  arrested  by  United  States  marshals 
in  Ripon.  Professor  Daniels  followed  wdth  an  impassioned 
speech  proposing  the  organization  of  a  league  of  freedom,  whose 
miembers  should  be  pledged  to  resist  the  enforcement  of  the 
fugitive  slave  law.  One  hundred  and  twenty  names  were  at 
once  enrolled.  The  list  of  these  names  would  bo  interesting 
reading,  could  it  be  found.  It  would  show  to  Avhat  extent, 
under  the  excitement  and  the  enthusiasm  of  the  occasion,  the 
cause  of  freedom,  the  hatred  of  slavery,  and  the  opposition  to 
the  fugitive  slave  law  had  moved  the  citizens  of  Bipon  to  resist 
the  authority  of  the  United  States.  It  would  show  the  names 
there  recorded  of  many  who  later  did  valiant  service  for  their 
country  in  the  War  of  Secession,  as  well  as  some,  no  doubt., 
who  afterward  were  disposed  to  repudiate  the  proceedings,  and 
censure  the  prominent  actors  therein. 

The  na,mes  of  the  officers  and  of  the  executive  committee 
Avere  published ;  the  president  was  A.  E.  Bovay,  then  a  leadins? 
citizen  of  Bipon,  now  residing  in  the  city  of  'New  York;  and 
the  secretary  was  Charles  T.  Allen,  then  one  of  the  editors  and 
proprietors  of  the  Bipon    Times.     The  officers  and  committee- 


l68  WISCONSIN   HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 

men  were  Prof.  Edward  Daniels,  then  somewhat  noted  as  a 
geologist  and  public  lecturer,  and  afterwards  colonel  of  the 
first  Wisconsin  cavalry;  O.  IT.  La  Grange,  then  a  student  and 
school  teacher,  afterwards  colonel  of  the  first  Wisconsin  cav- 
alry and  brigadier-general  of  volunteers,  and  at  present  gover- 
nor of  the  Soldiers  ITational  Home  at  Santa  Monica,  Califor- 
nia; A.  B.  Pratt,  then,  and  ever  since,  a  prominent  citizen  of 
Ripon;  Dana  O.  Lamb;  C.  D.  TiOper;  J.  S.  Landon;  F.  R. 
Stewart;  I.  A.  ISTorton;  Fred  W.  Cook;  Lucius  Thatcher; 
A.  M.  May;  Ben  Pratt;  L.  P.  Rivenberg;  Asa  Kinney; 
A.  Pickett ;  J.  A.  Burk ;  Fred  Fletcher ;  Edwin  Reynolds ;  and 
G.  W.  Frederick ;  all  men  of  good  standing  in  the  comnnunity. 

l^otico  to  leave  the  city,  as  disturbers  of  the  peace,  was  im- 
m)edia.tely  served  on  the  deputy  marshal  and  his  posse,  by  a 
committee  of  which  A.  B.  Pratt  was  chairmlan.  To  this 
McCarty  replied  that  he  had  business  here,  with  a  warrant  to 
arrest  Booth,  and  as  soon  as  that  was  accomplished  he  would 
cheerfully  depart  from  the  city.  The  serving  of  the  notice  and 
the  reply  were  duly  reported  on  the  return  of  the  cominittee 
to  the  hall.  Rev.  Hiram  MacKee  then  addressed  the  meeting. 
Resolutions  denouncing  the  fugitive  slave  act  and  pledging  the 
people  of  Ripon  to  sustain  our  supreme  court  in  maintaining 
the  sovoroigTity  of  the  state,  and  in  enforcing  its  judgments  for 
the  protection  of  Booth,  were  passed.  During  the  progress  of 
the  meeting,  O.  P.  Reed,  a  brother  of  Judge  Reed  now  of  this 
city,  drove  into  the  alley  in  the  rear  of  the  hall ;  Booth  quietly 
entered  the  carriage,  not  being  missed  by  the  audience,  and  was 
driven  to  the  home  of  Mr.  Reed  on  Green  Lake  prairie,  where 
he  remained  a  few  days  in  seclusion. 

The  character  of  the  people  taking  part  in  this  demionstra- 
tion,  as  given  in  the  account  in  the  Ripon  Times,  and  in  reply 
to  charges  and  insinuations  of  the  Ripon  Star,  and  otheT  con- 
servative newspapers  of  the  state,  was  that :  "They  are  not  the 
depraved,  the  abandoned,  the  reckless,  supporters  of  grog-shops, 
the  gaming  table,  or  other  dens  of  vice ;  but  they  are  our  farm- 
ers, mechanics,  merchants,  and  students,  young  men  and  old  of 
integ]*ity,  sobriety,  and  honor,  our  best  neighbors  and  citizens, 
persons  of  strong  moral  convictions  uncompromising  in  their 


THE    BOOTH    WAR    IN    RIPON 


169 


flevotion  to  principle."  To  this  was  added  tlie  statement  that 
*'it  appeal's  clear  that  public  sentiment  has  reached  the  point 
that  fugitive  slave  acts  cannot  be  peaceably  enforced  in  Ripon.'' 

August  17,  La  Grange  published  a  letter  thanking  the  deputy 
iiiarslial  and  his  assistants  from  Kipon,  Messrs,  Wentworlh, 
Stollard,  ajid  othei's,  for  their  somewhat  unseasonable  call  at 
his  home  on  Green  Lake  prairie  the  previous  c^vening,  express- 
ing h.is  regi'et  at  not  being  tliero  to  give  them  a  fitting  recep- 
tion. H^  had  heard  of  their  intended  visit,  he  said,  and  had 
iuvited  a  few  friends  to  he  present  at  the  menymaking,  but  had 
arrived  home  too  late  to  meet  the  guests;  he  would  be  glad  to 
sioe  them  later  at  their  convenience. 

In  the  Ilipon  Times  of  Aiigust  17,  Booth  publish etl  a  letter 
in  which  he  said  he  had  been  advised  by  some  of  his  friends  to 
go  to  Canada ;  or  at  least  to  remain  in  hiding  until  the  excite- 
ment was  allayed.  He  could  not  agree  with  them.;  that.,  as 
Wisconsin  was  his  home,  the  land  where  he  had  lalx)red  in  the. 
cause  of  lil)erty  for  twelve  years,  a  work  yet  uncompleted,  he 
felt  justified  in  remaining  here  to  the  end ;  if  he  could  not  Iw 
protecte<l  here,  he  could  not  expect  protection  anywhere  in  th<^ 
United  States.  He  proposed,  he  said,  soon  to  discuss  before 
the  people,  the  questions  at  issue  between  liberty  and  slavery; 
and  to  r(imain  a  citizen  of  Wisconsin  until  liberty  triumphed ; 
or  tiO  die  in  defense  of  those  principles,  which  unsustained,  make 
life  not  worth  preseiwing, 

Al>out  this  time  warrants  Avere  issued  to  the  marshals  for 
the  arrest  of  those  suspected  of  being  engaged  in  the  ivscue; 
Prof.  Edward  Daniels  of  Ripon,  and  G.  W.  Frederick  of  Mil- 
waukee were  arrested  without  objection.  Professor  Daniels  fur- 
nished bail  in  the  sum  of  $2,000,  but  Prederick,  being  unable 
to  do  so,  went  to  jail.  Daniels  retained  James  H.  Paine,  and 
(\x-judge  A.  D.  Smith  to  defend  him, 

August  24,  the.  deputy  marshals  abandoned  Ripon  as  a  lumt- 
ing  ground  and  returned  to  Fond  du  Lac.  Booth  had  kept 
hini'self  in  retirement,  and  very  few  knew  of  his  wherealxvuts, 
though  most  of  the  time  he  was  in  Riix>n  under  the  protection 
of  armed  giiards.  Towards  the  last  of  Augnist  he  went  to  the 
homo  of  Armine  Pickett  (now  Pickett's  Station)  where  on  the 
12 


170  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 

27,  ai'.otlior  attemipt  was  jiia.dc  by  Marslial  McCarty  to  arrest 
liiniL  He  arrived  with  a  posse  lx>foro  tlio  family  were  astir  in 
the  morning,  and  demianded  admittance.  Mr.  'Pit^kett's  son 
James,  answered  the  eall,  but  refused  to  allow  the  posse  to  enter, 
lie  U)]d  McCarty  that  the  houso  was.  full  of  anned  men,  and 
that  Booth,  could  not  Ixi  taken.  A  parley  was  held,  guards  l)eini;' 
in  the  m^antiinie  stationed  alx)ut  the  house  by  the  lieutenants 
of  McCarty;  messengers  however  passed  out  and  hui*ried 
to  Ripon  and  Tlosendalo  for  re-info rcements  for  the  l)esiege<l. 
Tlio. marshal  also  sent  for  help';  a  few  conservatives  were  fouiid 
who  rallied  tc"  his  assistance.  But  finding  his  posse  largely 
out-nmnbered  b}'  determined  farmers  and  neighbors,  armed 
with  photg;nns  and  such  other  firearms  as  could  lie  procured,  the 
siege  was  raised,  and  the  attempt  to  arrest  Booth  abandoncxl. 
McCarty  said  he  was  getting  disgusted  with  the  whole  business 
anyway,  and  would  return  the  waiTant  to  the  court  unexecuted. 

The  Avi'iter  after  the  War  of  Secession,  lived  next  door  to 
Mr.  McCarty  in  the  city  of  Fond  du  Lac,  and  found  in  liimi  a 
genial  gentleman,  a  good  neighbor,  and  a  kind  friend.  We  had 
conversations  about  the  tr\'ing  time  of  18G0,  and  easily  agreed 
that  Bipon  was  too  hot  a  place  in  those  days,  for  serving  pro- 
cess under  the  Fugitive  Slave  act.  lie  did  not  enlist  in  the  war 
himself,  but  held  in  great  regard:  those  who  served  their  coun- 
try in  that  way.  This  was  tiiie  of  many  of  the  conservatives 
in  Bipon  and  elsewhere,  who  had  no  s^anpathy  with  Booth  and 
his  methods  at  the  time  under  consideration. 

Soon  after  the  incident  of  xVugust  27,  La  Grange  published 
a  letter  in  the  Bipon  Times,  stating  that  he  had  concluded  to 
spend  ^  season  in, retirement  to  consider  the  question  of  sub- 
luitting  to  aiTest  on  the  charge  of  having  aided  Booth,  to  escape. 
Lhe  writer,  wlio  had  known  LaGrange  intimately  for  sevoi'al 
years  Avhile  pursuing  studies  at  Brockway,  now  Bi|x>n  college, 
mid  at  the  State  University,  had  Ix^cn  in  the  harvest  fields  siiio(! 
the  arrival  of  Booth  in  Bipon,  up  to  this  time.  The  time  had 
come,  however,  when  the  personal  friends  of  La  Grange  felt  it 
their  duty  to  rally  to  the  defense  of  his  person,  and  the  cause 
\\diich  he  represented ;  we,  therefore,  spent  several  days  and 
evenings  with  him  preparing  to  enlist  and  Organize  an  army  of 


THE  BOOTH  WAR  IN  RIPON 


171 


defeaise.  The  details  of  tliis  preparation  would  not  be  of  his- 
torical .  value  nor  of  public  interest;  and  would,  moreover, 
involve  those  who  may  not,  at.  this  tinie,  regard  the  affair  in  the 
light  of  a  Avise  or  justifiable  proceeding.  Probably  no  man 
now  living  knew  La  Grange  from  his  eighteenth  year  to  the 
time  of  our  going  to  war  together  in  xipril,  1861,  better  than 
the-  writer.  A  considerable  part  of  that  timie  we,  had  roomed 
together  while  in  school.  ISTo  one  can  bear  surer  testimony  to 
his  exalted  patriotism,  the  purity  of  his  motives,  the  upright- 
ness of  his  mind,  the  correctness  of  his  habits,  and  his  devotion 
to  the  duty  of  ultimately  extingiiishing  slavery  in  the  United 
States  by  lawful  means  if  possible,  but  by  war  if  so  it  must  be. 
If  he  was  ambitious,  it  was  to  perform  noble  deeds  to  perpetu- 
ate his  najne  as  a  courageous,  unselfish  patriot.  To  be  rich  or 
scholarly  he  cared  little,  except  as  a  means  to  enable  him  to 
strike  great  blows,  and  to  do  vigorous  battle  in  the  cause  of  his 
country. 

From  the  last  of  August  for  about  four  w^eeks,  little  was  pul> 
licly  known  of  Booth  ;  nor  of  any  of  the  prominent  actors  in 
the  di-am'a.  (^ooler  heads  had  com©  into  the  coimsels,  public 
demonstrations  were  deprecated,  and  discretion  prevailed.  La 
Grange  was  no  w^here  couspicuous  and  Daniels  had  been  bailed. 
The  people  of  Ripon  had  assumed  a  nonnal  state  of  mind,  and 
were  beginning  to  line  up  again  on  the  political  questions 
involved  in  the  pending  presidential  election.  Somo  of  those 
who,  in  the  exciteanent  of  the  hour,  governed  by  impidse  and 
tlie  popular  wave,  had  foimd  tliemselves  in  the  ranks  of  the  rad- 
icals, wore  now  seeking  more  congenial  company  with  their  for- 
mer political  associates.  Interest  in  Booth's  personal  welfare 
ga\'o  way  to  the  more  important  and  absorbing  interest  in  tlic' 
election  of  a  i>resident  for  the  L^hited  States. 
;.  On  the  eighth  day  of  October,  Booth  was  arrested  in  Berlin, 
while  returning  from  a  political  meeting  which  he  had 
addressed.  He  had  no  defenders  with  him,  being  acoorii- 
panied  by  ladies  only,  and  though  he  mad©  some  resistance,  he 
was  carried  off  to  the  train  in  waitim^  at  the  depot,  and  oon- 
veyod  to  Milwaukee,  and  assigned  to  his  old  quarters  and  to 
stricter  surveillance  in  the  jail.     Ho  remained  in  custody  until 


172 


WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 


the  receipt  of  a  remission  of  his  fine  which  President  Buchanan 
granteii  March  2,  1861,  two  days  before  the  inauguration  of 
President  Lincohi.  All  otlior  prosecutions  were  dropped,  and 
those  in  custody  or  under  bail  were  discharged.  Thus  ended 
the  affair  known  as  tlie  "Booth  War  in  Ripon." 


REMINISCENCES    OP   THE    EARLY   NORTHWEST 


173 


REMINISCHNSES  OF  THE  EARLY    NORTHWEST 


BY  MARY  MITCHELL. 


My  father,  Robert  Irwin,  jr.,  came  to  Groen  Bay  from  Erie, 
Pa.,  in  the  year  1817.  He  was  engaged  in  trade  with  the  Indi- 
ans and  the  few  white  settlers  there  at  that  time.  The  troops 
had  l)eon  stationed  at  Green  Bay  about  a'  year  before,  and  their 
barracks  at  that  time  were  on  a  hill  about  tiliree  miles  from  the 
m'outh  of  tlie  Fox  river,  called  Camp  Smith.  It  was  in  tlio 
vicinity  of  these  barracks  that  the  villag'e  sprang  up  where  my 
father  built  his  house,  to  which  he  brought  my  mpther  in  tlie 
year  1820,  a  bride  of  nineteen.  She  was  a  native  of  Erie,  Pa., 
and  left  a  large  circle  of  relatives;  her  grandfather,  Gol.  Seth 
Reed,  having  been  one  of  the  first  settlers  of  that  place. 

It  was  on  the  first  of  October  tliat  my  motlier  sailed  up 
the  loeautiful  Fox,  upon  the  banks  of  which  she  resided  most 
of  tlie  time  for  over  sixty  years.  I  have  often  heard  her  de- 
scribe the  day  as  being  one  of  those  soft,  hazy  days  in  autunm, 
so  peculiar  to  our  Indian  summer,  which  after  a  stormy  voy- 
age up  the  lakes  on  a  very  sm,all  sailing  vessel  (having  been 
driven  back  twice  from  the  mouth  of  Green  Bay  to  MackinaA\' 
by  high  winds),  must  have  been  delightful  to  her.  There  were  " 
but  two  or  tlu-eo  American  famiilies  outside  tlie  fort^  but  quite 
a  nuralx3ir  of  French  extraction,  whom  my  parents  ever  held  as 
valued  friends. 

My  fii*st  recollection  of  a  home  is  of  a  house  a  story  and  a 
half  higli,  situated  on  rising  ground  sloping  down  to  tlie  river. 


1  Condensed  and  edited  for  the  present  publication,  by  arrangement 
witli  the  author,  from  articles  published  by  her  in  the  Menominee 
(Mich.)  Herald,  Oct,  16,  18,  20,  1899.— Ed. 


174  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 

It  was  built  of  hewn  logs,  weather  boarded  outside  and  plas- 
tered witliiii,  and  furnished  comfortably.  The  only  mode  of 
transportation  was  by  sailing  vessels ;  and  winter  setting  in  early, 
the  funiituro  and  carpets  did  not  aiTive  the  first  winter,  so  that 
my  mother's  carpets  were  colored-  Indian  blankeits — for  bai"c 
floors  were  not  to  l>e  enduresd  in  those  severe  winters.  As  a 
cliild  I  tliought  it  a  l^eautifid'  home,  for  my  parents  devoted 
much  tinio  to  improving  the  gi-ounds  and  making  it  what  it  was 
previous  to  my  father's  death,  a  pleasant  place  for  that  far- 
away land.  Indeed,  the  hrst  American  settlers  tliere  knew 
scarcely  anytliing  of  pioneer  life  as  I  have  seen  it  since  in  other 
parts  of  tlio  West.  Our  liouses  were  comfortable,  if  not  ele- 
gant, and  f lu'nished  as  nearly  like  Eastern  homes  as  was  i>cs- 
siblc,  considering  tlie  difficulties  of  transportation.  Wo  knew 
nothing  of  a  family  living  in  one  lower  room,  and  climbing  J)v' 
a  huhler  to  tJio  sleeping  room  above. 

There  were  many  Indians  around  Green  Bay,  and  my 
-miotlicr  was  in  great  fear  of  them  for  some  time.  One  little 
inci<k>nt  she  used  to  i-elate  to  her  children:  one  day  she  saw 
a  canoe  filled  witli  Indians  land  at  tlie  foot  of  the  hill,  and  sev- 
eral of  the  savages  came  up  and  asked  in  tlieir  own  language 
for  my  fathei'.  As  my  mother  did  not  imderstand  tiican,  she 
was  very  mncli  frightened,  supposing  tliey  intended  to  harm 
Iier.  They  returned  to  tlie  canoe  and  cam©  running  up  the 
second  time;  she  tliought  then  they  must  have  gone  for  their 
guns  or  knives,  and  was  in  great  terror,  until  they  came  to 
her  witJi  some  silver  bands  which  they  used  to  w^ear  on  tl^?ir 
arms,  and  slipped  them  on  her  wrists  as  a  token  of  good  will. 
Then  they  paddled  down  the  river  to  mjy  father's  store,  three 
miles  off,  and  told  him  his  scpiaAv  was  afraid  of  them. 

Fort  Upward  (after  which  the  present  city  of  tliat  naine  is 
called)  was  built  in  1820,  on  tlie  bank  of  the  Fox  River,  about 
a  mile  from  its  mouth.  It  ^\'as  substantially  constructed  and 
painted  white,  pi*esenting  a  l)eautiful  appearance,  suri'ounded 
on  two  sides  by  tlie  forest,  the  green  sward  sloping  do^^^l  to 
the  river's, edge  in  front ;'  wliile  farther  on,  along  the  bank,  were 
the  gardens  and  fields  cultivated  by  the  soldiers. 

The  society  of  tlie  officere  and  their  families  was  nearly  all 


REMINISCENCES    OF    THE    EARLY    NORTHWEST 


175 


tliat  nji\'  iiiotlier  had  for  two  or  tliree  years,  when  iiiy  gi'aiul- 
fatlier,  Kobert  Irwin,  sr.,  came  with  his  family  from  Detroit, 
One  of  my  uncles  and  four  sisters  of  nny  father  married  and 
sottlevl  near  us.  Two  of  my  mdowod  aunts,  still  live  at  Green 
Hay  at  aji  advanced  age.  I  was  bom  at  Gi*een  Bay,  July  18, 
1821,  being  the  first  white  child  of  actual  settlers  born  in  Wis- 
consin, and  until  a  few  years  ago,  it  was  my  home.  Many  01 
the  officers  at  the  fort  have  since  figured  in  our  country's  his- 
tory. In  the  summer  of  1824,  during  a  severe  thunder  storm, 
a.  house  in  th.e  old  barracks  occupied  by_  Capt.  D.  Curtis,  was 
struck  by  lightning  and  Mrs.  Cuiiis  and  a  man  servaut  were 
killed.  Mrs.  (.'lU'tis  was  a  sister  of  Major  Whistler,  tlie  motlier 
of  Mrs.  General  liucker,  and  grandmother  of  Mrs.  Philip  Slier- 
idan. 

In  those  days  the  only  mode  of  comuiunication  with  the  out- 
side world  was  by  water — in  summer  on  sailing  vessels,  with 
occasionally  a  steaml>oat  bringing  a  pleasure  party.  In  the 
winter,  the  miiil  was  brought  by  a  man  once  a  moditli  from  Chi- 
cago. The  govemmeut  had  not  established  a  mail  route,  and 
the  expenses  of  the  carrier  were  paid  by  volim^tary  subscrip- 
tion of  die  citizens  and  the  military  post-fund  -of  Fort  How- 
ard. The  carrier  walked  tJie  distance,  200  miles,  througli  a 
trackless  wilderness,  exposetl  to  the  dangers  of  stan^ation,  (^f 
]>erishing  with  cold,  of  falling  into  the  hands  of  savage  Indians, 
or  of  Ix^eofming  a  prey  to  wild  beasts.  In  addition  to  tlie  mail 
matter  he  had  to  carry  provisions  enough  to  last  him'  during 
his  trip,  which  with  the  blankets  for  his  bed,  made  no  small  load, 
and  rendered  traveling  very  irksome  when  the  snow  was  det^ip.. 
At  night  he  slept  on  the  bare  ground  or  scoopad  out  tlie  snow- 
to  fonu  a  couch,  and  there  lay  with  the  sky  above  him  and 
the  glittering  eyes  of  Arild  Iwasts  all  around  him.  One  of  the 
earners  mlade  a  trip  with  the  mail  from  Green  Bay  to  Detroit 
in  1821,  and  camped  one  night  where  Michigan  City  now 
stands,  using  his  bag  of  provisions  as  a  pillow.  lie  dreained 
that  he  was  rolling  down  hill,  when  waking  suddenly  he  found 
that  a  large  black  v.olf  Avas  atteuipting  to  make  way  with  his 
])rovisions.  He  is  said  to  have  shot  the  wolf  and  i*ogainc>il  his 
suppli(\s.     The  day  on  which  tlie  mail  wag  expected  was  a  gala 


176  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 

day,  tlio  inlialutaiits  of  tlio  villai>'e  thinking  of  nothing  else, 
and  nianv  going  out  along  the  trail  for  several  miles  to  meet  the 
carrier.  As  my  fatlier  was  tlie  postmiaster,  I  have  often  seen 
the  carrioi*  coming  in,  hent  almost  double,  and  looking  weary 
and  travel-worn. 

A  school  was  taught  at  the  fort,  which  I  attended  at  the  age 
of  six  years,  boarding  in  the  family  of  the  teacher,  Gen.  A.  G. 
Ellis.  My  first  recollection  of  attending  church  was  to  hear 
the  Eev.  Eleazer  Williams,  afterwards  known  as  the  would-be 
Dauphin.  He  was  a  missionary  of  the  Protestant  Episcopal 
church  to  the  Oneidas,  who  lived  about  eight  miles  from  our 
village,  and  ho  preached  occasionally  for  us.  There  was  no 
rcgnlar  preaching  until  about  1827,  when  Hev.  R.  F.  Cadle 
was  sent  by  tlie  board  of  missions  of  the  saniie  denomination 
to  establish  a  school  for  the  lienefit  of  tlie  Indian  and  French 
children.  The  children  of  the  village  attended  the  school  as 
day  scholars.  The  mission  house  Avas  the  second  f ramie  house 
built  in  tlie  present  state  of  Wisconsin,  and  A\as  thought  at  the 
time  to  be  a  fine  mansion. 

About  the  year  1827  or  1828,  a  treaty  was  made  with  the 
Indians  at  Green  Bay,  at  the  gathering  for  which,  there  were 
present  about  3,000  Indians.  Gov.  Lewis  Cass  and  a  number 
of  the  commissioners  were  quartered  at  our  house;  there  were 
then  no  hotels,  and  my  father  had  the  contract  to  board  them ; 
and  as  our  house  was  not  large  enough  to  furnish  a  dining  rooiui 
of  suitable  size,  my  father  had  a  temporary  one  built,  the  frame 
and  roof  thatched  with  the  rough  bark  of  trees,  such  as  the 
i^'rench  settlers  used. 

It  was  somewhere  alwut  1828  or  1820  that  one  of  our  citi- 
zens, Henry  S.  Eaird,  proposed  taking  his  wife  and  family 
to  Prairie  du  (.^hien  in  a  bark  canoe  manned  by  Indians.  He 
invitetd  two  young  ladies,  aunts  of  mine,  to  accompany  them. 
When,  they  started  on  their  journey  a  party  of  ladies  and  gen- 
tlemen, among  whom  were  my  parents,  made  ready  to  escort 
thorn  a  short  distance.  My  parents  took  me  with  them.  One 
of  the  ladies  of  the  party  was  Miss  Frances  Henshaw,  a  sis- 
ter of  Mrs.  Wliitney  of  our  place,  and  afterwards  tlie  wife  of 
the  Pev.  Truman  Post  of  St.  Louis.      She  was  the  life  of  the 


REMINISCENCES    OF    THE    EARLY ^  NORTHWEST 


177- 


partj.  Our  boat  Avas  what  was  called  a  Mackinaw  boat,  rowed 
by  French,  vojageurs.  We  spent  the  first  night  at  the  home 
of  one  of  the  old  settlers,  Augustine  Grignon,  at  Kaukauna, 
where  we  were  mOst  hospitably  entertained.  The  second  night 
we  encaniped  on  Doty's  Island,  now  Menasha;  but  about  mid- 
night we  were  aroused  by  heavy  thunder,  and  were  obliged  to 
leave  the  tent,  the  gentlemen  fearing  the  tree  under  which 
it  was  pitched  might  be  struck  by  lightning.  A  shelter  was 
made  of  the  Iwat's  awning,  which  was  taken  off  for  the  occa- 
sion. While  lying  luider  this,  on  the  outside  edge,  with  the 
rain  pattering  on  my  face,  I  remember  thinking  I  could  not  see 
much  pleasure  in  tliat  kind  of  excursion,  and  %Adshing  I  were 
at  home.  The  next  morning  we  bade  adieu  to  our  friends  as 
they  started  across  Lake  Winnebago,  wishing  them  bon  voyage, 
while  our  party  turned  their  faces  homeward.  The  rain  poured 
doAni  all  day,  making  it  necessary  constantly  to  bail  the  boat. 
Those  were  not  days  of  mbber  shoes,  waterproofs  or  gossamjers, 
and  my  readers  may  imagine  our  condition.  At  the  rapids 
at  Kaukauna  we  were  obliged  to  walk  around,  while  the  men  in 
the  boat  dashed  over  them.  The  portage  path  was  about  haK 
a  mile  in  length,  and  the  remembrance  uppermost  in  my  mind 
is  of  a  thorough  drenching,  and  that  the  red  clay  on  our  feet 
made  it  alniiost  impossible  for  us  to  walk.  The  rain  increas- 
ing and  darkness  coming  on,  the  men  refused  to  go  any  farther 
tliat  night.  They  ran  the  boat  ashore  and  left  us.  As  there 
was  no  house  near  where  we  could  find  shelter,  our  situation 
for  a  time  was  not  an  enviable  one.  However,  by  offering  them 
more  money,  the  men  were  prevailed  upon  to  start  again,  and 
we  arrived  homo  towards  morning. 

One  of  the  events  in  those  far-off  days  was  the  annual  pay- 
ment to  die  Indians,  in  autumn  of  each  year.  As  the  traders 
advanced  goods  to  the  Indians  during  the  year,  they  were 
obliged  to  be  on  the  gTound  when  the  Indians  received  their 
money  in  order  to  secure  their  pay.  There  was  a  general  stam- 
pede of  the  male  portion  of  the  place,  and  the  women  were 
"left  alone  in  their  gloiy."  Mess  chests  larger  than  a  Sara- 
toga trunk  were  packed  A\ath  the  choicest  viands"  from  the  lard- 
ers and  everything  done  for  the  comfort  of  those  who  had  tq 


17<S  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 

rougU  it,  sometimes  for  more  tliaii  a  month.  Coiild  tlie  inci- 
dents of  those  paymeiit  gatheiugs  be  recorded,  as  I  have  heard 
them  rehited  from  vear  to  year  bv  friends  who  were  actors  in 
thorn,  it  would  form  an  amusing  history. 

In  tlio  year  1829,  Daniel  Whitney,  wko  came  to  Green  Bay 
in  1819,  laid  out  the  town  which  is  now  the  city  of  Greon  Bay, 
calling  it  Navarino.  A  few  years  later,  the  Arnicrican  Fur 
Company  laid  out  a  to\\Ti  adjoining  on  the  south,  called 
Astor.  Both  villages  were  afterwards  UJiited  under  the  nani" 
of  Green  Bay.  Mr.  Whitney  Avas  an  entei*prising  man  and 
(jue  of  sterling  worth,  and  w-as  well  known  by  the  early  set- 
tlers of  Oliicago.  Indeed,  I  may  say  the  same  of  othere  of 
our  small  town.  Morgan  L.  Martin,  a  young  lawyer,  arrived 
at  Green  Bay  in  1827,  and  was  always  identified  with  its  in- 
terests as  well  as  those  of  the  state.  He  Avas  elected  deleg'atc 
to  congi'oss  in  1845,  and  through  his  efforts  a  bill  w^as  passed 
for  the  improvement  of  the  Fox  and  Wisconsin  rivers,  to  wliicli 
object  he  devoted  time,  energies,  and  fortmie.  He  occupied 
many  offices  of  trust  until  his  deatli,  nearly  four  years  ago,  when 
with  faculties  unimpaired  he  literally  stepped  out  of  the  judjiL'V 
seat  to  lie  down  and  die,  beloved  by  all  who  knew  him. 

In  1832  came  the  Black  Hawk  War.  Altliough  we  were 
not  mplested,  the  inhabitants  were  quite  alanued  for  a  time, 
1'ho  fort  w^as  undergoing  repairs,  and  the  pickets  Ix^ing  down 
it  was  no  pla(!0  of  safety.  My  father  had  a  company  under 
his  conmiand,  but  their  sendees  were  not  recpiired. ' 

In  1833  occuiTed  the  death  of  my  father.  He  had  received 
the  appointment  of  Indian  agent  at  Fort  Winnebago  ( now 
Portage),  and  proceeded  at  once  to  enter  upon  his  duties,  leav- 
ing his  famil}^  to  follow  him  in  a  few  weeks.  He  mlade  the 
journey  in  a  bark  canoe,  accompanied  by  his  brother,  since  his 
liealth  was  far  from  being  good.  But  he  had  scarcely  been 
there  a  month  before  he  w^as  prostrated  by  illness,  and  died 
in  a  few  hours.  Owing  to  the  difficidty  of  conununic^tion, 
-my  mother  did  not  hear  of  his  illness  until  it  was  too  late  to 
reach  him.  She  started,  however,  on  horseback,  and  went  as 
far  as  Buttes  des  Mortes,  where  she  met  my  uncle,  bearing  the 
sad  intelligence  to  her  that  she  was  a  widow. 


REMINISCENCES    OF    THl 


179 


It  luay  not  be  uiiiuteresting  here  to  mention  a  discussion 
between  my  parents,  as  to  whetlier  a  cooking  stove  should  be 
sent  for,  with  other  articles  of  f umitui'e  for  .our  new  homje. 
My  mother  decided  that  she  preferred  the  old  way,  cooking 
over  a  fii"©  place  instead  of  experimenting  with  a  cooking  stove. 
In  the  very  early  years  of  my  life  we  knew  nothing  of  matches, 
altlujugh  they  may  have  come  into  use  at  the  East.  There  was 
always  a  iiint,  steel,  and  tinder  box  in  the  house,  but  some 
could  not  use  these,  and  so  the  coals  were  covered  at  night. 
Shouhl  they  die  out  we  were  obliged  to  boiTow  fire  from  tlie 
neighlxxre.  I  rem;ember  being  sent  on  this  errand  to  uiy  grand- 
father's wJien  a  small  child. 

In  July,  1833,  I  w^as  sent  to  Erie,  Pa.,  to  school  and  w^as 
placed  under  the  cave  of  John  H.  Kinzie,  whose  name  is  identi- 
fied with  Chicago's  early  days.  He  had  l>een  Indian  agent  at 
Fort  Winnebago  pi'evious  to  mv  father's  appointment.  His 
family,  consisting  of  his  mother,  his  wife,  and  one  cliild,  his 
sister,  Mrs.  Helm,  her  son,  and  a  young  brother  of  Mrs.  Kin- 
zie,  J  alien  McGill,  ^yere  on  their  w'ay  East.  We  embarked 
on  a  small  steamer,  the  "William  Penn,"  Capt.  John  Wight 
of  Erie,  w'ho  by  the  way,  was  captain  of  tlie  small  sailing  vassel 
on  which  mjy  mother  made  her  first  trip  to  Green  Bay.  Wo 
went  first  to  C'liicago,  and  from  Green  Bay  to  that  place  there 
was  but  one  house  on  the  Avest  shore  of  the  lake,  that  of  Solo- 
mon Juneau  at  Milwaukee.  The  l)oat  anchored  out  in  the 
hike  when  they  stoi>j;)efl  to  wood — as  coal  was'not  used  in  those 
days  on  the  boats.  We  reached  Chicago  on  the  ninth  of  July, 
after  a  passage  of  nearly  three  days.  x\s  tliere  was  no  pier, 
the -vessel  anchored  some  distance  out  in  the  lake,  and  we  were 
rowed  ashore  in  boats.  We  had  had  very  rough  weatlier  and 
I  lifld  suffered  Ax-ith  sea-sickness  nearly  all  the  wa}'.  I  was 
lifted  out  of  my  berth  and  laid  on  a  bed  in  the  bottom  of  the 
row,  boat,  a  poor,  homesvick  cliild.  The  kindness  of  those 
friends,  I  can  never  forget. 

On  reaching  shore  we  landed  at  Fort  Dearborn,  and  passing 
through  it,  wo  went  to  the  house  of  Col.  Beaubien,  where  we 
were,  hospitably  entei'tained  while  the  lioat  lay  in  the  harbor. 
T  reiujember  walking  with  one  of  the  daughters  of  Gol.  Beau- 


l8o  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 

bien,  on  tlio  lake  sliore,  whore  wo  saw  a  number  of  graves  of 
those  who  had  been  stricken  down  with  cholera  the  year  be- 
forie,  which  w<^re  so  near  the  shore  that  the  waves  had  washed 
away  the  earth  and  partially  uncovered  some  of  the  coffins. 
Little  did  I  dream  tliat  I  should  live  to  see  a  city  such  as  Chi- 
cago is  today,  where,  as  I  remember,  it  was  seemingly  only  a 
stretch  of  sand  and  prairie.  I  must  confess  that  the  river 
looked  miore  attractive  than  it  does  at  the  present  timie. 

There  were  few  houses  occupied  by  the  early  settlers ;  three 
frame  two-story  buildings  owned  by  ISTewberry  &  Dole,  Philo 
Carj)enter,  and  P.  F.  Peck.  The  latter  was  the  father  of  Ferd 
Peck,  now  so  interested  in  the  Auditoriimi  and  the  Columbian 
fair,  and  commissioner  to  the  Paris  exposition  of  1900. 
That  year  three  churches  had  been  organized  in  Chicago,  the 
first  Presbyterian,  the  first  Baptist,  and  the  first  Methodist. 
A  Catholic  priest  also  arrived  in  1833.  The  first  public 
Protestant  Episcopal  services  were  held  in  tlie  first  Presbyte- 
rian church,  by  request  of  its  minister,  and  Mr.  John  Kinzie, 
Mrs.  Kinzie,  Mrs.  Helm,  and  Miss  Chappel  (afterward  Mrs. 
Porter),  distributed  prayerbooks.  The  lighthouse  had  been 
built  the  year  before,  on  the  Fort  Dearborn  reservation.  The 
keeper  was  a  son  of  General  Brady,  after  whoni  the  fort 
at  Sault  Ste.  Mary  was  named.  I  did  not  then  see  or  know 
Reverend  Mr,  Porter,  w^ho  in  May  of  that  year  had  come  to 
Chicago  from  Fort  Brady,  with  Major  and  Mrs.  Fowle  and 
their  infant  daughter.  That  daughter  Mr.  Porter  first  met 
thirty-one  years  afterwards  in  Boston,  and  learned  that  she  and 
lier  husband,  Hienry  F.  Durant,  were  engaged  in  building  Wel- 
Icsley  college,  which  a  few  years  later  he  visited  witli  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  Durant. 

In  the  autumji  of  1838,  Miss  Eliza  Chappel  opened  the  first 
school  in  Chicago  in  John  Wright's  log  store,  across  the  street 
from.  Fort  Dearborn.  This  building  was  presented  to  her  by 
Mr.  Wright  as  soon  as  he  liad  finished  his  frame  store.  Later  tlic 
school  was  nijoved  to  the  Presbyterian  church  on  the  southwest 
corner  of  Lake  and  Clark  streets.  Miss  ChappelFs  assistants 
were  Miss  Elizabeth  Beach  and  a  Miss  Leavenworth. 

After  remaining  in  Chicago  for  a  day,  we  again  took  passage 


REMINISCENCES    OF    THE    EARLY    NORTHWEST  jgl 

on  tlio  boaf,  and  continued  onr  journey  up  tlie  east  share  of 
the  lake.  We  stopped  at  St.  Joseph,  that  being  the  only  aet- 
1  lenient  on  that  side,  arid  halted  at  Grand  Haven  to  wood. 
Our  next  stopping  place  was  at  Mackinac,  in  those  days  the 
headquarters  of  the  American  Fur  Company.  From  that  place 
to  Detroit  there  was  but  one  stopping  place,  on  the  River  St, 
Clair,  at  or  near  Fort  Gratiot.  Ten  days  were  occupied  in  mak- 
ing this  journey. 

One  little  incident  which  occurred  the  next  -winter  after  this- 
trip  was  a  visit  from  ]\Ir.  Kinzie  and  his  sister,  Mrs.  Helm,  on 
their  return  from  their  mother's  fimeral.  They  stopped  late 
one  evening  at  Erie,  where  I  was  attending  school,  and  inquii^ed 
of  the  proprietor  of  the  hotel,  who  was  an  imcle  of  my  mother, 
where  I  could  bo  found.  He  sent  for  mfe  to  comje  to  the  hotel. 
I  was  aroiised  from,  sleep  in  order  to  go,  delighted  to  sec  any- 
one of  the  old  home  friends. 

■  Soon  after  my  father's  deatb,  my  nuother  removed  to  Ohio 
to  educate  her  family.^  We  returned  to  Green  Bay  in  the 
autumn  of  1836,  in  the  height  of  the  land  speculation  when 
there  was  much  immigration  to  that  place  and  to  Chicago  also. 
The  old  steamer  Michigan  at  one  time  brought  one  thousand 
passengei-s  in  her  cabin,  their  fare  amoimting  to  $10,000, 
while  the  steerage  more  than  paid  the  expenses  of  the  trip. 
The  inhabitants  of  the  "jumping  off  "place,  as  Green  Bay  was 
at  that  timjo  designated,  were  hopeful  that  it  would  Ixicome  a 
great  business  centre.  But  they  were  doomed  to  disappoint- 
uLont,  as  the  heavily  timbered  country  around  it  did  not  offer 
the  inducements  to  settlers  which  the  prairie  lands  in  tlie  south- 
ern part  of  the  territory  and  in  Illinois  presented,  Howev^er, 
])eople  came  there,  houses  were  built,  and  (to  quote  the  words 
of  one  who  was  describing  those  timjes)  "Brave  men  and  culti- 
vated women  lived  there  then  who  visited,  talked  and  read ; 
\\Tote  letters  on  large  sheets  of  paper  folded  without  envelop<^ 
and  scaled  with  wafers ;  such  people  live<l  there  and  in  theii' 
simple  content  did  not  suspect  how  nxany  things  were  lacking 
to  make  them  happy." 

In  the  autumn  of  1837,  Reverend  Stephen  Feet,  who  was 
afterwards  one  of  the  chief  instruments  in  the  founding  of 


1 82  WISCONSIN   HISTORICAL   SOCIETY 

Beloit  college  and  also  of  the  Chicago  Theological  seminary, 
cainio  to  Green  Baj^  as  pastor  of  the  first  Presbyterian  church 
in  the  state.  During  his  pastorate  of  two  years  the  church  was 
built — the  second  Protestant  cluirch  in  the  statx) — the  first 
l)eing-  a  small  one  erected  at  Stockbridgo  for  the  use  of  the 
mission  there  for  the  Indians.  The  lots  for  the  site  of  the  Pres- 
l)yterian  church  were  given  by  John  Jacob  Astor,  Rainsay 
( 'rooks,  and  Robert  Stuart,  In  giving  the  lots  for  the  churcli 
Mr.  Astor  wrote  to  his  agent,  X.  Goodell : 

You  charge  in  your  account  87  cts.  for  recording  deed  from  the  Pres- 
byterian church  of  lots  7  and  8,  block  27  (the  lots  originally  given  but 
exchanged  for  others),  which  the  church  ought  to  pay.  Please  col- 
lect it; 

On  the  other  hand,  J.  J.  Astor's  name  stood  at  the  head  of  the 
subscription  list  for  money  to  build  the  church,  for  $300.00. 
Among  the  names' on  that  list  is  W/ishington  Irving's  for  $50.00. 
The  bell  was  given  Avithin  a.  month  or  two  of  the  time  of  the 
dedication  of  the  church,  by  Mr.  Astor,  a  copy  of  whose  letter, 
in  answer  to  the  request  for  the  liell,  is  in  my  possession. 

YoRKViLLE  1st  October  1838. 

Messrs  Stei'hen  Pekt,  Wji  Mitciieij.,  Gakdnek  Childs,  Committee. 
GeiNts 

Your  letter  of  1st  Sepr.  with  one  from  J.  D.  Doty  attached,  \yas  duly 
received,  and  although  I  did  not  expect  such  a  call  would  have  been 
made  upon  me,  after  what  I  had  previously  done,  yet  I  have  complied 
with  your  request,  and  have  purchased  today  from  Mr.  Force  an  excel- 
lent Bell  of  696  pounds  cast  by  him  the  present  year,  it  has  a  fine  tone, 
and  will  effectually  notice  all  who  are  disposed  to  give  attention  to 
their  duties  from'  its  summons.  It  is  addressed  to  Wm.  Mitchell,  care 
of  Treat  &  Carter  Buffalo  New  York,  and  will  be  shipped  tomorrow  on 
board  a  Tow  Boat  for  Albany.  P.  S.  You  will  please  settle  the  account 
for  freight  and  expenses. 

Respectfully  Your  Obt.  Servant 

J.   J.  ASTOK. 

In  the  ^^^nt(^r  of  1837  and  ISoS,  a  brother  of  my  mother, 
Seth.  Reed,  whose  homo  was  at  Green  Bay,  and  who  was  assi.st- 
ant  paymiaster  to  the  troops  under  !M,ajor  Rol>ert  Forsyth,  was 
(trdei'cd  to  Floj-ida  for  the  Seminole  war.  As  there  was  no  road 
from  Green  Bav  to  Chicaa'n   ftlie  mail  route  having  Ikh'u  m- 


REMINISCENCES    OF   THE    EARLY    NORTHWEST 


183 


tablished  but  three  years),  it  was  no  easv  matter  to  make  the 
joiimey.  However,  a  vehicle  on  runners  was  built,  in  which 
in:y  nncle  and  annt  made  the  jonmey,  can-yin^  their  provisions 
with  them  and  camping  at  night.  I  think  they  improvised 
a  bed  out  of  r,he  sled,  witli  some  shelter  overhead.  They  pro- 
c^nled  to  Xiles,  Mich.,  in  this  coiiveyance,  as  tliat  was  the  eml 
of  the  stage  route  from  the  East.  My  aunt  was  the  fii*st  lady 
to  take  this  journey.  ^Irs.  John  IT.  Kinjzie,  author  of  Waii 
Bun,  had  made  the  trip  a  few  years  l>efore  on  hoi'sel>ack  througli 
the  interior  of  the  territory,  from  Fort  Winnebago  to  Chicago. 

In  1840  one  of  my  sisters  married,  and  went  to  Southport 
(now  Kenosha)  to  live.  She  and  her  husband  m|ade  their  wed- 
ding tnp  in  a  sleigli  constructed  of  rough  boards,  the  only  vehi- 
cle which  could  stand  the  wear  and  tear  of  roads  such  as  we 
had  at  tliat  time. 

In  the  smnmer  of  1840,  the  Presbyterian  church  at  Green 
Tiay  gave  a  call*  to  Rev.  Jeremiah  Porter  (who  had  organized 
the  first  Presbyterian  church  in  Chicago),  which  he  accepted. 
In  the  autmnii  of  tliat  year,  Mr.  Porter  attended  the  meeting 
of  the  presbytery  held  at  Prairieville  (now  Waukesha)  where 
the  ministers  after  due  delilieration  agreed  to  f6rm  the  Presby- 
"terian  and  Congregational  convention  of  Wisconsin,  uniting 
the  two  chui'ches  in  one  body,  which  in  that  sparsely  settled 
region  proved  a  \\'ise  arrangement.  A  committee  from  that 
body,  consisting  of  Rev.  Stephen  Peet,  Rev.  Otis  Curtis,  and 
Rev,  Moses  Ordway,  were  sent  to  Green  Bay  to  install  Rev. 
^Ir.  Porter — the  first  installation  under  that  convention  in 
Wisconsin.  j\Ir.  Porter  remained  pastor  of  the  church  eighteen 
years,  removing  to  Chicago  in  1858,  where  he  became  pastor 
of  the  Edwards  Congregational  church-  It  was  a  rare  privi- 
lege we  enjoyed  in  being  associated  with  him  and  his  most  es- 
timable wife,  of  whom  I  heard  the  remark  once  made,  "It  is 
a  blessing  to  a  household  to  have  them  members  in  it."  Vei*}- 
sacred  to  the  miembers  of  tliat  congregation,  who  still  remain, 
is  tlie  memoiy  of  ^frs.  Porter,  Avhose  noble  life,  so  full  of  deeds 
of  self-sacrifice,  and  words  of  AA-isdom  and  love  in  the  service 
of  the  Master,  made  the  world  better  for  her  having  lived. 

In  the  autimin  of  the  year  1841,  our  small  tOAvn  was  throuii 


l84  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 

into  quite  a  flurry  of  excitemieTit  by  a  visit  from  Prinoo  dc 
Joinvillo  and  suite.  It  Avas  at  the  time  of  the. sensation  caused 
by  tlic  claim  of  Rev.  Eleazar  Williams  that  ho  was  the  "Lost 
]]>auphin,"  and  the  object  of  the  prince's  visit  was  supposed 
to  be  an  investigation  of  the  ralatter.  But  it  was  found  that 
his  visit  was  really  made  in  order  to  ascertain  some  facts  re- 
garding Mrs.  Williams'  father,  Monsieur  Jourdan,  whose  fam- 
ily had  done  notable  service  in  the  French  army.  Mrs. 
Williams  was  of  French  and  Indian  extraction,  and  was  a  very 
handsome  woman. 

My  second  visit  to  Chicago  Avas  in  June,  1839,  when  I  came 
from  Green  Bay -on  the  steamer  "Great  Western,"  the  largest 
boat  1  hen  on  the  lakes,  sailed  by  Oapt.  Walker,  long  and  favor- 
ably known  as  a  kind  and  genial  captain.  Unlike  my  first  ar- 
rival, the  boat  steamed  into  the  river  and  remiained  one  day. 
When,  ready  to  continue  the  journey,  the  steamer  passed  up  the 
river  somie  distance,  and  had  great  difficulty  in  turning  round. 
Although  but  six  years  had  elapsed  since  my  first  visit,  the 
ohange  was  marvelous.  Where  had  been  nothing  but  a  stretch 
of  prairie  with  here  and  there  a  house,  was  now  a  busy  town, 
laid  out  in  streets  with  souie  fine  residences  and  places  of  busi 
ness,  even  then  assuming  the  airs  of  the  city  it  was  destined 
to  become. 

About  the  first  of  ]S!"ovember  of  the  year  1841,  I  accompa- 
nied my  sister  to  her  home  in  Kenosha.  At  that  season  the 
roads  Avere  impassable  through  the  country ;  and  we  were  obliged 
to  take  a  smiall  stamer  whicli  ran  from!  Green  Bay  to  Macki- 
naw, connecting  with  the  daily  line  from  Buffalo  to  Chicago. 
We  reached  MackinaAV,  expectifig  to  leave  the  same  day  for  Ke- 
nosha, but  continuous  storms  prevented  the  arrival  of  any  boat 
for  mofe  than  a,  week.  We  were  obliged  to  nuake  the  best  of  the 
delay,  aud  were  very  comfortably  entertained,  at  the  old  Laslie 
House,  the  landlady,  Mrs.  Laslie,  Avho  well  understood  cooking, 
serving  us  Avith  the  famous  MackinaAV  whitefish  in  every  possi- 
ble formi.  In  these  days  of  fast  locomotion  by  land  and  Avater, 
this  generation  can  scarcely  realize  our  situation.  Detained 
on  an  island  (most  beautiful  and  interesting  I  grant,  in  a  pleas- 
ant season  of  the  year),  where  there  was  no  regular  m^il,  on 


REMINISCENCES    OF    THE    EARLY    NORTHWEST  185 

e  verge  of  winter,  with  no  certainty  of  the  coining  of  a  boat, 
(«ur  situation  was  not  an  enviable  one.  Added  to  this  was  our 
iinxiety  about  niv  sister's  ])abe,  but  three  months  old  and  far 
from  well.  However,  a  steamer  finally  arrived  and  we^vere 
once  ujiore  on  our  way.  We  had  a  pleasant  run  for  a  few 
hours,  but  a  storai  having  arisen,  the  remainder  of  the  passage 
\\as  very  rough  and  the  passengei's  were  nearly  all  seasick.  In 
those  days  the  boats  had  not  more  than  tAvo  st^te  rooms,  the 
Iierths  Ix^ing  arranged  on  each  side  of  the  cabin.  ]\[any  of  us 
were  obliged  to  have  our  IxhIs  made  on  the  floor,  a  miserable 
company,  which  the  reader  can  l)etter  imagine  than  I  can  de- 
scrilx^.  Wheti  we  reached  Kenosha.,  the  lake  Avas  so  rough  we 
were  not  able  to  -land,  and  had  to  proceed  to  Chicago,  wliere 
^ve  took  up  our  quarters  at  the  Lake  House,  on  the  l^oiih  side, 
delighted  to  set  our  feet  on  land  once  more.  This  was  my  tliird 
visit  to  that  city,  and  T  found  many  changes.  The  weather 
was  nnt  cold  enough  to  freeze  the  ground  and  the  mnd  w/as 
fearful.  In  attempting  to  cross  a  street  it  was  a  question 
whetber  wo  could  do  so  without  sinking  a  foot  deep.  We  re- 
mained there  i\\X>  days,  rcK^rabarked  on  the  steamer,  and  reached 
Kenosha  in  the  evening  in  the  midst  of  a  snoAV  storm.  As  the 
lake  was  rough  the  boat  could  not  reach  the  pier,  and  the  passen- 
ges  were  brought  ashore  in  a  large  flat  boat  used  in  stormy 
weather  for  that  .purpose.  There  was  but  one  hotel  there  (a 
log  liouse)  kept  by  ^Fr.  ^^Tlitnev,  where  we  were  niiade  very 
comfortable.  I  spent  the  winter  at  Kenosha,  and  have  a  pleas- 
and  i*emembrance  of  those  few  months  in  the  new  town,  settled 
by  men  and  women  of  enterprise,  intelligence,  and  thrift  from 
the  East  ' 

In  the  spring  of  1842,  T  visited  Chicago  for  a  few  days, 
being  pleasantly  entertained  in  the  family  of  ]\Ir.  Loring  Whit- 
ing, who  occiipie<l  the  house  of  William  B.  Ogden  on  the  Xorth 
side.  In  the  sumimer  of  that  year  I  returned  to  Green  Bay, 
traveling  in  a  light  wagon  from:  Kenosha  to  Madison,  thence 
to  Fort  Winnebago,  and  by  the  old  military  road  to  Green  Bay. 
A  week  was  spent  in  making  the  jouniey.  In  Septeml)er,  1842, 
I  miairied  Mr.  William  ]\Iitehell,  formerly  from  Mackinaw,  who 
was  intimately  associated  Avitli  a  number  of  the  early  settlers 
13 


l86  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 

of  Chicago — Mr.  Robert  Stuart^  one  of  the  prominent  men 
in  the  Amierican  Fur  Company,  also  Mr.  John  H.  Kinzie  and 
the  late  Gurdon  S.  Hnbbard.  Mj  husband  was  for  several 
years *agent  for  Mr.  Hnbbard;  selling  land  at  Green  Bay  for 
him  and  transacting  otlier  business. 

My  husband  used  often  to  tell  a  circumstance  connected  witli 
the  beginning  of  C^hicago,  showing  how  little  somio  men  could 
foresee  its  future  greatness.  In  1SJJ4,  a  young  officer  at  tlu; 
fort  at  Mackinaw,  Lieut.  Kingsbury,  went  to  Chicago  and  on  his 
return  said  to  my  husband^  "Mr.  Mitchell,  if  you  wish  to  in- 
vest in  property  which  will  double  your  money  in  a  short  time, 
.there  is  a  tract  of  land  in  Chicago  (I  forget  the  number  of 
acres)  which  can  be  bought  for  $800.00."  Mr.  Mitchell  almost 
doubted  his  sanity  and  answered  emphatically,  "Mr.  Kings- 
bury, I  would  not  give  $800.00  for  the  whole  of  Chicago." 
Lieut.  Kingsbu.ry  borrowed  the  money  and  bought  tlie  land  him- 
self.— sinc^  called  "Kingsbury's  Addition," — and  realized  a 
fortune  from-  it. 

In  1846,  business  obliged  my  husband  to  return  to  Macki- 
naw wliere  "we  resided  a  year.  At  that  time  there  were  no  regu- 
lar boats  running  to  Green  Bay,  and  no  stages,  so  that  per- 
sons Avishing  to  go  East  were  obliged  to  hire  a  team  to  take  them 
to  Sheboygan  or  Milwaukee,  in  order  to  take  the  regular  boat 
from  Chicago.  A  gentleman  of  our  place,  Mr.  Nathan  Goodell, 
who  oMTied  a  small  boat,  not  nearly  as  large  as  the  tugs  of 
today,  nor  as  seaworthy,  offered  to  go  to  Mackinaw  provided 
he  could  secure  a  sufficient  number  of  passengers.  There  were 
a  numiber  besides  ourselves  who  preferred  to  run  the  risk  on 
the  boat  (which  had  never  been  on  the  lake)  to  undergoing 
the  fatigue  of  a  journey  through  the  woods.  The  owner  of  the 
1x)at,  to  convince  us  of  his  confidence  in  its  safety,  took  his 
ovm  daughters  vnih.  him.  We  embarked,  mlany  of  us  feeling 
that  Ave  might  almost  as  safely  have  reached  our  destination 
had  we  jumped  into  the  river.  However,  thanks  to  a  kind 
Providence,  the  trip  was  pleasant,  without  Avind,  and  we  reached 
Mackinaw  the  third  day  after  leaving  Green  Bay.  Just  before 
landing  a  heavy  rain  fell,  and  as  the  deck  was  not  waterproof, 
we  were  drenched,  the  water  covering  the  cabin  floor  to  the 


REMINISCENCES    OF    THE    EARLY    NORTHWEST  187 

depth  of  an  inclij  obliging  the  passengers  to  sit  with  their  feet 
on  the  rounds  of  their  chairs.  The  sanie  little  boat  made  three 
trips  that  sumaner,  but  was  wrecked  when  making  tlie  fourth. 

The  remembrance  of  the  year  spent  at  Mackinaw  is  a  pleas- 
ant one.  As  everyone  knows,  that  island  is  interesting  on  ac- 
coimt  of  its  natural  c\iriosities,  and  the  many  associations  of 
an  historical  as  well  as  of  a  romantic  nature.  The  society  at 
that  time,  though  smiall,  was  composed  largely  of  people  of 
iMlucation  and  intelligence,  and  with  the  officers'  families  in 
tlio  fort,  there  was  no  lack  of  sociability.  Indeed,  the  inhabi- 
tants were  obliged  to  depend  upon  their  own  resources  durin:^ 
tlie  long  winter  months,  as  they  were  cut  off  from  communi- 
cation with  the  outside  world  except  by  a  mail  once  a  month, 
brouglit  from  Detroit  by  a  earner  on  a,  dog  sled.  That  A\'aS 
the  Avintcr  of  the  Mexican  war,  and  as  some  of  the  officers 
liad  left  their  families  at  Mackinaw,  tJiere  was  no  little  anx- 
iety felt.  During  the  summer  the  island  was  a  great  resort 
for  those  seeking  health  and  enjoyments  There  w^as  a.  daily 
line  of  elegant  steamers  from  Buffalo  to  Chicago,  nearly  al- 
^vays  crowded  with  passengers,  who  while  the  boati  lay 
there  flocked  in  every  direction  to  see  the  sights.  Thej'-  were 
obliged  to  climib  the  hill  leading  to  the  fort,  and  as  the  boat 
did  not  remain  more  than  a  couple  of  hours,  it  wa.s  very  amus- 
ing to  see  the  scrambling  and  running  when  the  bell  for  de- 
parture rang.  The  steamers  always  earned  a  fine  band  on 
lyoard,  thus  enlivening  the  long,  and  Sometimes  tedious  jour- 
ney from;  Buffalo  to  Chicago. 

The  business  for  which  mv  husband  had  ffone  to  Mackinaw 
beino;  accomplished,  we  returned  to  Green  Bay  on  a  smiall  lx>a.t, 
meeting  with  a  chapter  of  accidents,  one  of  wdiich  was  the  bui*st- 
ing  of  the  cylinder,  tliat  obliged  us  to  return  to  Mackinaw  and 
wait  several  days  befoi'e  we  could  secure  another  boat.  This 
latter  w^as  scarcely  seaworthy,  and  before  reaching  our  destina- 
tion the  crank  broke,  so  we  came  into  port  with  only  one  wheel. 

About  the  year  1845,  there  'Came  a  young  lawyer  and  wife 
to  Green  Bay  from  ]\faine,  and  made  their  home  among  us, 
not^vithstanding  the  greater  inducements  offered  to  young  busi- 
ness mjen  in  Chicago,  and  other~new  toNvns.     This  was  Tim- 


l88  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 

otliy  O.  HoAve,  in  after  years  so  long  United  States  senator 
from  that  district,  and  still  later  ixjstinaster-geaieral.  The  in- 
terests of  his  a.dopted  home  were  ever  his  own.  A  man  of  re- 
markably genial  disposition,  he  was  held  in  high  esteen^,  and 
on  his  annual  return  from  Washingion  to  his  cheery  home, 
his  cordial  handshake  was  given  to  all,  without  regard  to  posi- 
tion. When  a  few  years  since  he  and  his  good  wife  were  laid 
to  rest  in  Woodlawn  cemetery,  the  community  at  Green  Bay 
felt  that  their  vacant  places  could  not  soon  be  filled. 

In  the  spring  of  1850,  Rev.  Otto  Tank  came  to  Green  Bay 
witli  a  colony  of  IsTorwegians,  purchasing  land  and  settling  a 
little  way  soutli  of  Fort  Howard.  Both  he  and  his  wife  were 
of  noble  descent,  but  l)ecause  Mr!  Tank  had  connected  him- 
self with  the  Moravians,  his  father  had  disinherited  him. 
Ho  was  apjwinted  a  missionary  to  South  America,  where  he 
resided  some  years.  His  wife  having  died  there,  he  returned 
to  Europe  with  his  little  daughter,  Avhere  he  married  a  second 
time.  A  man  of  fine  education,  refined  and  cultured  manners, 
and  strong  christian  principle,  he  was  esteemed  by  all  Avho 
knoAV  him.  His  wife  was  a  womart  of  strong  character  and  good 
business  ability,  whose  hand  was  ready  to  bestow  of  her  abundance 
upon  those  in  need  and  who  gave  to  all  benevolent  enterprises, 
unostentatiously,  however,  Avith  no  name  to  accompany  her  gifts. 
Even  when  bestowing  pei-sonal  favors,  if  thanks  were  given, 
she  would  say  in  her  quaint  manner :  "  No,  no,  I  am  the  Lord's 
steward,  give  Him  thanks."  Althougli  from  her  conversation 
wo  were  somewhat  acquainted  with  her  former  life  as  having 
been  in  the  ''higher  walks,"  it  was  not  until  after  her  death 
that  her  friends  became  aAvare  that  in  early  life,  both  by  rela- 
tionship and  coimtpanionship,  she  had  been  so  closely  connected 
with  mien  and  women  of  high  birth.  For  a  nimaber  of  years 
aftor  the  death  of  her  husband  and  daughter,  she  lived  a  quiet 
almost  secluded  life,  in  her  pleasant  quaint  home,  filled  witli 
curios,  antiquities,  and  articles  of  great  value.  At  her  deiith 
she  left  a  large  fortune  chioflj  to  home  and  foreign  missions, 
t^  which  she  had  for  years  donated  large  sm»s. 

In  185<),  tlie  Fox  and  Wisconsin  River  improvement  was 
completed ;  an  event  that  for  years  had  been  anticipated  as  one 


REMINISCENCES  OF  THE  EARLY   NORTHWEST 


189 


Avhicli  would  make  a  large  city  of  Green  Bay.  The  day  was 
one  of  jubilee,  when  the  first  boat,  the  "Agiiila,"  reached  th.ere 
from  Pittsburgh,  via  the  Ohio  and  Mississippi,  and  thence  by 
means  of  tlie  imiprovement  through  the  Wisconsin  and  Fox 
rivers.  Everj^  bell  in  tlie  place  was  rung,  the  old  cannon  at 
the  fort  was  fired,  hurrahs  were  shouted  from  eveiy  quarter,  all 
iiowever,  drowTied  by  tlie  unearthly  ^vhistle  of  tlie  boat,  whose 
like  was  never  heard  there  before  or  since.  To  quote  from  the 
Advocate:  "The  boat  would  come  whistling  into  port  just  as 
tlie  people  were  prejiaring  to  take  their  first  nap,  causing  them 
to  spring  in  alarm  from  tbeir,  beds.  Then  about  four  in  the 
morning  she  would  give  a  screech  to  let  people  know  that  she 
was  preparing  to  go,  another  te  let  them  know  she  was  ready, 
anotlier  that  they  had  better  hurry  if  they  wanted  to  tak(^ 
passage,  and  another  to  tell  them  she  had  started  and  they  could 
not  get  on  if  they  wished."  For  a  number  of  years  the  travel 
was  by  those  boats,  and  although  it  was  tedious  passing  thi'ough 
so  many  locks,  the  heauty  of  the  sceneiy  made  the  trip  a  pleas- 
ant one. 

Having  come  now  to  the  year  of  the  war,  which  belongs  to 
niodern  times,  the  v-Titer  feels  that  these  "recollections"  may 
lx>  finished.  1  will  say,  however,  that  for  that  war  Green  Bay 
furnished  many  brave  men,  some  of  whom  laid  down  their  lives 
in  its  service.  IVIy  two  eldest  sons,  although  very  young,  en- 
listed and  ser^'ed  as  musicians  in  the  "Marching  Twelfth"  regi- 
ment. Two  years  from  the  date  of  enlistment  the  regiment 
had  marched'  on  foot  sixteen  hundred  miles,  had  been  trans- 
]X)rted  by  steamer  fifteen  hundred  miles  and  by  rail  six  hundred 
miles.  A  few  mjonths  later  they  accomplished  a  march  of  four 
hundred  and  sixteen  miles  in  thirty-one  days.  My  sons  before 
they  were  of  age  were  mustered  out  and  rctumed  home  without 
a  wound. 


igo  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 


I:  WISCONSIN  TIIALANX  AT  Cl'.kHSCO 


BY   S.    M.    PEDRICK. 


I.  Introductory 


Tlie  Wisconsin  ])halanx  lias  been  doscribed  in  many  articles, 
and  the  following  is  merely  a  collection  of  wliat  has  been  re- 
corded concerning'  the  objects  and  results  of  that  company  of 
l^ersons,  comprising  the  earliest  residents  of  what  is  now  the 
city  of  Ripon,  who  under  the  name  of  the  Wisconsin  phalanx, 
first  occupied  the  peaceful  valley  of  Cteresco. 

The  fomial  records  of  the  organization,  so  far  as  the  sauu> 
have  been  preserved,  Avere  presented  to  the  Ripen  Historical 
Society  by  Robert  D.  IVTason,  the  last  president  of  the  phalanx, 
prior  to  his  death  in  1901.  These  records  include  the  fol- 
lowing: record  book  of  transfers  of  stock;  record  of  deeds, 
duplicates,  transfers,  and  mortgagx^s ;  record  of  names,  place  of 
birth,  date  of  residence,  births,  and  deaths ;  treasurer's  accounts, 
1848  to  1852;  stock  ledger;  ledger  accounts;  secretary's  record 
from  March  23,  1844,  to  November  29,  1847;  sundry  old  re- 
ceipts, old  deeds,  assignments  of  stock,  etc. 

il.  Preliminaries 

The  theories  of  Charles  Fourier,  the  French  socialist,  foii  the 
re-organization  of  society  became  very  popular  in  the  United 
States  during  the  early  forties  of  the  last  century.  As  Warren 
Chase  says:  "Its  vast  economies,  its  equitable  distributions, 
its  harmony  of  groups  and  series,  its  attractive  industry,  its  ad- 
vantages for  schools,  meetings,  parties  and  social  festivities,  all 
seemed  to  make  his  theory  invulnerable  to  attack."^     The' New 


^Life-line  of  the  Lone  One  (Boston,  1858). 


THE    WISCONSIN    PHALANX    AT    CERESCO 


191 


York  Trihiine  and  other  papers  of  repute  "became  advocates  of 
tlie  so-called  "science  of  new  relations,"  and  Fourier's  principles 
of  association  became  very  popular.  In  all  parts  of  the  country, 
associations  sprang  into  existence  in  response  to  the  interest  in 
these  theories..  The  appeals  that  were  made  in  the  columns  of 
the  Tribune  though  lofty  and  inspiring,  were  imaginative  and 
impracticable  in  the  extreme,  but,  nevertheless,  they  stirred 
thousands.  The  following  is  fairly  representative  of  the  articles 
that  appeared  day  after  day  from  the  enthusiastic  pen  of  Albert 
Brisbane,  with  the  sanction  and  hearty  endorsement  of  the  gn^'eat 
editor,  Horace  Greeley:' 

Before  answering  the  question,  How  can  association  be  practically 
realized,  we  will  remark  that  we  will  not  propose  any  sudden  trans- 
formation of  the  present  system  of  society,  but  only  a  regular  and 
gradual  substitution  of  the  new  order  by  local  changes  and  replace- 
ment. One  Association  must  be  started,  and  others  will  follow,  with- 
out overthrowing  any  true  institutions  in  state  or  church,  such  as 
universal  suffrage  or  religious  worship. 

If  a  few  rich  could  be  interested  in  the  subject,  or  a  stock  company 
could  be  formed  among  thena  with  a  capital  stock  of  four  or  five  hun- 
dred thousand  dollars,  which  would  be  sufficient,  their  money  would 
be  safe;  for  the  land,  edifices,  flocks,  etc.,  of  the  Association,  would  be 
mortgaged  to  secure  it.  The  sum  which  is  required  to  build  a  small 
railroad,  a  steamship,  to  start  an  insurance  company,  would  establish 
an  Association.     Could  not  such  a  sum  be  raised?     *     *     *     * 

<rhe  truth  of  association  could  also  be  proven  by  children.  A  little 
Association  or  an  industrial  or  agricultural  institution  might  be  estab- 
lished with  four  hundred  children  from  the  ages  of  five  to  fifteen. 
Various  lighter  branches  of  agricultural  and  mechanical  arts,  with  lit- 
tle tools  and  implements  adapted  to  different  ages,  which  are  the  de- 
light of  children,  could  be  prosecuted.  The  useful  occupations  could, 
if  organized  according  to  a  system  which  we  shall  later  explain,  be  ren- 
dered more  pleasing  and  attractive  than  are  their  plays  at  present. 
Such  an  Association  would  prove  the  possibility  of  attractive  industry 
and  that  children  could  support  themselves  by  their  own  labor,  and  ob- 
tain at  the  same  time  a  superior  industrial  and  scientific  education. 


In  the  year  1843,  the  citizens  of  Southport,  (now  Kenosha), 
in  Racine  county,  Wisconsin,  became  interested  in  these  burning 
questions  of  the  hour,  and  the  Franklyn  lyceum  of  the  little 


2  New  York  Tribune,  March,  1842. 


192 


WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 


village  took  up  the  subject  of  association  on  Fourier's  plan.' 
A'oveniber  21,  1843,  the  question  was  del )a ted  for  the  first  tiuK^ 
in  the  Lyceum,  '*J)oes  the  system  of  Fourier  present  a  practica- 
ble ])lan  for  such  a  re-oriianization  of  society  as  will  guard 
ag'ainst  our  present  social  evils?"  L)eceml)er  5th  following, 
another  discussion  was  had,  on  the  (jf\iestion :  "Are  mankind 
so  naturally  de])raved,  and  is  society  composed  of  such  dis- 
cordant material,  as  to  render  the  auO])tij)n  of  Fourier's  plan 
impracticable?"  December  12th  the  subject  came  up' again, 
in  this  form:  "Would  the  system  of  Fourier  if  adopted  tend 
to  diminish  tlie  evils  of  Society?" 

One  of  the  men  most  interested  in  these  discussions  was  War- 
ren (^'hase.  lie  ardently  embraced  the  new  theories  and  when 
taunted  with  the  argument,  why  not  practice  this,  if  you  believe 
it  the  best  way  to  live,  he  decided  to  try  it.^  Chase  was  at  this 
time  about  thirty  years  of  age,  of  versatile  talent,  indomitable 
energy,  and  untiring  perseverence,  and  he  threw  himself  into 
the  association  movement,  wielding  a  ready  pen  in  its  behalf  for 
some  years.  lie  undoubtedly  was  the  leader  ill  the  associntion 
experiment  that  resulted  from  the  discussions  in  the  lyceum. 

Tbe  following  is  a  brief  synopsis  of  his  biography :  Born  in 
Pittsfield,  X.  II.,  January  5,  1813,  he  emigrated  to  Michigan 
in  1833,  where  he  married  Mary  T.  White,  of  Newport,  IST.  II. 
In  1838  he  removed  to  South  port,  and  on,  the  formation  of  tlie 
association,  to  Oeresco,  where  he  remained  -nine  years,  holding 
several  local  offices.  He  was  a  member  of  both  Wisconsin  Con- 
stitutional Conventions,  of  the  first  state  senate,  and  was  Free- 
soil  candidate  for  governor  in  1850.  After  leaving  Wisconsin, 
he  first  returned  to  Michigan,  then  to  St.  Louis,  where  in  1872 
he  was  a  presidential  elector,  and  in  1876  removed  to  Califor- 
nia, w^here  he  held  a  number  of  ])olitical  offices.  He  died  Feb- 
ruary 25,  1891. 

As  a  result  of  Ihe  debates  and  of  Chase's  efforts,  preliminary 
meetings  were  held  at  the  old  temperance  hall,  and  a  constitu- 
tion was  drafted  for  an  association  to  be  known  as  the  Wisconsin 


1  Butterfield,   History  of  Fond  du  Lac  county,    (Chicago,   1880)    pp. 
400-408. 

-Life-line  of  the  Lone  One. 


THE    WISCONSIN    PHALANX    AT    CERESCO 


193 


Phalanx.  Marcli  28,  1844,  a  meeting  of  the  subscribers  to  the 
constitution  was  h6ld  at  tlie  village  school  house,  at  which  meet- 
ing William  Starr  was  the  secretary,  and  Michael  Meyers,  chair- 
man. OtHcerS^  were  elected  pursuant  to  the  constitution,  and 
the  venture  was  now  well  started.  At  this  meeting  a  connnittee 
was  appointed  to  .co-operate  with  the  agent  previously  appointed 
to  explore  various  sections  of  the  territory,  in  order  to  report 
such  location  as  they  deemed  eligible  for  a  domain.  Tliis  agent 
was  Ebenezer  (^hilds  whose  advice  was  largely  followed  in  the 
ultimate  selection  of  a  location,  or  domain,  as  it  was  called,  for 
the  operations  of  the  phalanx.  This  committee,  after  several 
resignations,  was  finally  com^wsed  of  the  following  gentlemen : 
E.  C  Southworth,  Canfield  j\Iarsh,  and  Orrin  R.  Stevens. 

While  Childs  and  the  committee  were  ai)8ent  on  their  tour  of 
investigation,  the  phalanx  was  busy  completing  the  work  of  or- 
ganization; 500  copies  of  the  constitution  and  by-laws  were 
printed  for  distribution ;  W.  W.  Wheeler,  Peter  Johnson,  and 
Warren  Chase  were  selected  as  the  three  trustees  of  the  phalanx, 
to  hold  for  the  use  of  the  society  the  title  to  all  property  of  the 
association,  real  and  personal ;  mcnd)ers  were  add^d,  so  that  by 
May  25,  1844,  the  total  membership  was  seven ty-j>ne ;  South- 
worth,  Wheeler,  and  Chase  were  appointed  to  provide  for  rais- 
ing funds  with  which  to  purchase  the  domain,  and  as  a  special 
inducement  for  the  payment  of  money  into  the  treasury,  a  pi*e- 
miura  of  twenty  ])er  cent,  payable  in  stock,  was  offered  for  all 
cash  payments  made  before  the  first  of  May;  the  treasurer's 
bond,  in  the  sum  of  $10,000,  was  approved,  and  subscriptions 
were  taken  for  stock  in  the  new  company.  Most  of  the  stock 
was  jiaid  for  by  the  transfer  to  the  trustees  of  personal  property, 
at  a  valuation  fixed  by  the  board  of  directors;  but  quite  a  num- 
ber took  advantage  of  the  offer  of  a  premimn  for  cash  payments. 
May  8,  the  treasurer,  E.  C.  Southworth,  reported  $1,020.24  in 
the  treasury,  besides  about  $G0  in  the  secretary's  hands. 

The  committee  on  the  proposed  location  made  its  report  May 
8,  1844,  at  a  meeting  of  the  stockholders,  at  which  the  treasurer 
was  instructed  to  enter  one  and  one-quarter  sections  of  land^ 


iThis  land  was  located  as  follows:     NW  14-21-16-14,  NE  ^-20-16-14, 


194 


WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 


selected  for  the  domain,  i'or  this  he  was  to  take  the  title  in 
his  own  name,  and  thereafter  deed  tho  same  to  the  trustees  for 
the  association.  Full  authority  was  conferred  upon  him  to 
enter  more  land  if  lie  should  have  more  money  prior  to  making 
the  entry.  Mr.  Chase  did  not  approve  of  the  direction  to  enter 
the  land  in  the  treasurer's  name,  and  lie  contrived  to  have  tlu; 
money  sent  to  Green  Bay  by  a  merchant  of  that  place,  and  when 
the  duplicate  receipts  were  returned  for  the  land  tliat  had  been 
entered,  they  ran  in  the  name  of  Michael  Frank,  whom  Mr. 
Gliase  describes  as  "a  quiet  citizen  of  the  village,  of  irreproach- 
able character  and  far  too  honorable  to  defraud  anyone,  and 
one  in  whom  everyone  had  confidence  who  knew  him."^  An 
examination  of  the  land  record  corroborates  Mr.  Chase's v state- 
ment, as^  the  duplicate  receipts  from  the  land  ofiice  are  dated 
Sept.  6,  1844,  and  one  and  one-eighth  sections  of  land  in  section 
20,  21,  and  29  are  entered  in  Mr.  Frank's  name,  although  three- 
eights  of  a  section  are  entered  on  the  same  date  by  Jacob  Beck- 
Avith.  Xone  was  entered  in  the  treasurer's  i^me.  That  Mr. 
Chase  was  justified  in  his  arbitrary  assumjition  of  authority 
seems  to  be  borne  out  by  the  fact  that  the  records,  under  date  of 
October  29,  1844,  request  the  secretary  to  write  to  the  sureties 
of  the  treasurer's  bond  "notifying  them  that  E.  C.  South  worth 
refuses  or  neglects  to  settle  with  the  Wisconsin  phalanx  as  treas- 
urer, and  that  they  will  be  called  upon  as  his  surety." 

The  domain  having  been  selected,  it  now  remained  to  com- 
plete the  preparations  for  going  forward  to  the  promised  land. 
A  committee  was  named  to  desigiiate  the  j^roperty  that  should 
be  carried  onto  the  domain  and  the  persons  who  should  constitute 
the  first  party;  directions  were  given  to  procure  a  tent  to  be 
used  until  other  shelter  could  be  provided;  arrangements  were 
made  to  keep  an  account,  showing  the  cost  of  board  for  the  first 
two  months;  a  committee  was  given  the  duty  of  providing  food 
tor  the  party  eiii  route  to  the  domain ;  and  last  but  not  least,  a 
resolution  was  passed  fixing  the  price  for  washing  clothes  on  the 
domain  at  two  shillings  per  dozen. 


W  Va  SEVt  and  Ei/^  SW14-20-16-14,  NE  14-29-16-14,  EVz  NWi/4-29-16-14 
and  S  1/2  SE  14-17-16-14. 
^Life-line  of  the  Lone  One. 


THE    WISCONSIN    PHALANX    AT    CERESCO 


195 


Hi.  Constitution 

Tlie  Constitution  was  prefaced  by  a  preamble,  reciting  that 
the  subscribers  adopted  it  '*in  order  to  form  a  more  perfect 
union,  establish  justice,  ensure  domestic  tranquility,  promote 
our  common  welfare,  and  securq  the  blessings  of  social  happiness 
to  ourselves  and  our  }X)sterity." 

Tlic  object  was  ''the  prosecution  of  agriculture,  manufactures, 
commerce,  the  arts  and  sciences,  education  and  domestic  in- 
dustry, according  to  the  system  of  Charles  Fourier  as  near  as 
may  be  practicable." 

The  property  was  represented  by  stock,  divided  into  shares  of 
the  value  of  twenty-five  dollars  each,  and  provision  was  made 
for  paying  for  the  same  in  cash,  or  in  property'  at  its  cash  value 
as  fixed  by  the  board  of  directors.  ^ 

The  affairs  of  the  Association  were  managed  by  a  president, 
vice-president,  secretary,  and  treasurer,  together  with  a  board 
of  directors  consisting  of  nine  members — all  to  constitute  a 
board  of  managers.  The  oificers  had  the  usual  powers,  and 
could  be  removed  from  ofiice  by  the  board  for  neglect  of  duty, 
absence,* or  incompetence.  Three  trustees  Vv'ere  provided  for, 
who  should  take  title  to  the  property,  as  the  association  had  no 
legal  existence  at  this  time.  It  was  contemplated  that  whenever 
lliere  should  be  forty  families  resident  on  the  domain,  a  new 
form  of  government  was  to  go  into  operation,  to  be  administered 
by  councils,  according  to  such  plan  as  should  bo  then  agreeable 
tx)  the  resident  members. 

A  person  could  be  either  a  stockholder,  or  a  member,  or  both, 
as  his  case  might  require.  Xo  person  could  be  admitted  to 
membership  except  on  application  to  the  board,  and  the  board 
could  impose  such  conditions  as  it  deemed  wise.  A  resident 
member  was  jx^rmitted  to  withdraAV  from  the  association  upon 
giving  two  weeks'  notice  of  his  intention,  and  upon  leaving,  the 
member  was  entitled  to  his  proportionate  share  of  the  profits  up 
to  that  time. 

There  were  to  be  two  meetings  of  the  stockholders  each  year, 
and  provision  was  made  for  fully  informing  every  member  not 
only  of  the  meeting  but  also  of  the  condition  of  the  affairs  of 
the  association.     Every  stockholder  was  given  at  such  meetings 


lyf)  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 

ono  vote  for  the  first  share,  and  on  financial  questions  one  vote 
for  each  five  shares  thereafter,  not  exceeding  ten  votes  in'  all ;  but 
on  other  questions  no  stockholder  had  inore  than  one  vote  in  any 
case.  As  both  men  and  women  were  permitted  to  hold  stock, 
this  provision  seems  to  have  given  the  right  of  suifrage  to  resi- 
dents on  the  donuiin  to  b<jth  sexes  alike. 

Before  the  December  meeting  in  each  year  the  cash  value  of 
the  real  estate,  exclusive  of  improvements,  was  to  be  estimated, 
and  any  increase  in  the  valuation  since  the  previous  valuation 
was  considered  the  property  of  the  stockholders  and  was  to  be 
divided  among  them  in  proportion  to  the  stock  thiit  had  been 
paid  in.  The  total  j)roduct  for  the  year  was  to  be  ascertained 
at  the  same  time  and  a  general  settlement  with  each  member 
was  to  be  made  at  this  meeting.  After  deducting  taxes,  repairs, 
and  insurance,  the' total  product  was  to  be  divided  as  follows: 
one  quarter  was  to  be  paid  as  a  dividend  to  tlie  holders  of  st<x?k, 
and  three  quarters  to  be  divided  among  those  who  performed  the 
labor.  At  the  time  of  subscribing  for  stock,  any  person  was 
permitted  to  elect  whether  he  would  take  a  fixed  dividend  of 
seven  per  cent  or  would  take  his  share  of  the  actual  dividend; 
and  the  payment  of  this  seven  per  cent  was  made  a  charge  on 
the  three  quarters  belonging  to  labor,  the  excess  which  the  stock 
earned  above  seven  per  cent  being  given  to  labor. 

The  board  of  directors  and  ofticers  were  forbidden  to  contract 
any  obligation  except  by  unanimous  consent  of  all  the  stock- 
holders. 

Sec.  1,  Art.  7,  provided  that  "There  shall  be  a  toleration  of 
religious  opinion  and  action  and  every  member  of  the  association 
shall  be  protected  in  his  religious  belief  to  worship  God  accord- 
ing to  the  dictates  of  conscience  and  reason ;  but  no  person  shall 
ever  be  taxed  without  his  consent  for  the  support  of  any  min- 
ister of  the  Gos[)el  or  teacher  of  religion.'' 

IV.    By=Laws 

Some  features  of  the  by-laws  that  were  framed  ])ursuant  to 
this  constitution  should  be  mentioned,  as  throwing  light  on.  the 
principles  and  ideals  of  the  association. 

It  was  provided  that  goods,  merchandise,    board,    or    other 


WISCONSIN    PHALANX    AT    CERESCO 


197 


necessaries  were  to  be  finiiished  to  memljers  at  a  cost  value ;  that 
rent  should  never  exceed  ten  per  cent  of  the  value  of  the  build- 
ing occupied ;  and  that  any  member  was  to  have  the  privilege  of 
having  his  own  horse  and  carriage  on,  the  domain  by  paying  to 
the  association  the  actual  cost  of  keeping. 

The  board  of  directors  was  made  the  judge  of  the  kinds  of 
work  and  lousiness  that  the  association  should  pursue,  and  no 
appeal  was  provided  for,  iii  case  of  dissatisfaction  on  this  ac- 
count. The  shares  of  stock  were  held  accountable  for  any  simis 
that  might  he  due  from  a  stockholder  to  the  association,  and  no 
dividends  on  stock  were  to  be  made  except  on  the  balance  of  the 
stock  held  free  from  such  debt  or  incK.ibrance.  ^Ylienever  five 
or  more  persons  were  at  work  in  one  branch  of  industry,  they 
were  to  organize  a  group,  and  choose  a  foreman.  'It  was  his 
duty  to  keep  an  account  of  the  labor  ])erformed  by  each  member 
of  the  group  ^'and  adjudge  the  rank  according  to  skill  and"  pro- 
ductiveness such  person  may  exercise,"  and  make  his  report  to 
the  secretary  once  a  week.  If  any  person  was  dissatisfied  with 
the  decision  of  his  foreman,  he  might  appeal  from  the  foreman 
to  the  members  of  his  group,  and  the  decision  of  the  group  was 
final.  All  the  groups  engaged  in  the  same  branch  of  industry 
were  to  form  themselves  into  a  series,  and  elect  a  superintendent 
of  the  series.  This  superintendent  was  given  power  to  deter- 
mine the  relative  rank  of  each  group  in  productiveness,. subject 
to  the  advice  of  tlie  whole  series.  When  the  association  grew  to 
l)e  large  enough,  so  that  there  were  several  > series,  each  with  its 
superintendent,  it  was  contemplated  that  these  superintendent? 
would  constitute  a  council  of  industry,  which  should  supercede 
the  board  of  directors.  This  council  was  directed,  when  it 
should  be  organized,  to  divide  the  different  industrial  classes 
into  three  ranks  to  be  designated  as  follows :  1st,  class  of  neces- 
sity ;  2d,  class  of  usefulness ;  and  3d,  class  of  attractiveness. 
These  classes  were  to  have  such  relative  rank  in  the  distribu- 
tion of  the  profits  of  lalx)r,  as  the  council  might  decide. 

"All  unnecessary  business  and  all  sporting  of  the  association 
shall  be  suspended  on  the  first  day  of  the  week."  "Any  mem- 
ber of  the  association  may  l>e  expelled  therefrom  by  a  majority 
of  the  resident  members  for  the  following  causes,  viz. :     rude 


198 


WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 


and  indecent  behavior,  drunkenness,  trafficking  in  intoxicating 
drinks,  licontionsncss,  profane  swearing,  lying,  stealing  or  de- 
frauding another,  protracted  idleness,  or  willfully  injuring  the 
property  of  the  association,  knowingly  consenting  to  the  injury 
of  the  association  or  any  individual  member  thereof,  gambling, 
habitually  indulging  in  ccnsoriousness  and  faultfinding;  pro- 
vided, however,  that  no  member  of  the  association  shall  be  ex- 
ix3lled  without  first  being  notified,"  and  an  opportunity  given  to 
be  heard  in  his  own  defense.  Provision  was  made  for  the  trial 
of  such  cases.  All  disagi-eements  were  to  be  settled  by  arbitra- 
tion, each  party  choosing  one  arbitrator,  and  the  two  a  tliird, 
and  an  apjwal  was  permitted  from  the  decision  of  the  arbitrators 
to  the  directors  o^*  the  council,  "whose  decision  shall  be  final." 

Tlie  association  was  required  to  provide  the  means  of  educa- 
tion for  all  the  children  of  the  mend)ers,  and  the  association's 
rule  compelled  all  children  to  attend  school,,  unless  other  provi- 
sion was  made  by  the  parent  for  instruction.  Every  pupil  was 
required  to  devote  a  portion  of  time  each  day  to  some  branch  of 
industry. 

A  later  rule  was  added  to  the  by-laws  September  28,  1844,  as 
follows:  "Resolved,  that  no  inendjer  of  this  association  shall 
ever  be  permitted  to  bring  onto  the  domain  any  spirituou'^ 
liquors  to  be  drunk  as  a  beverage." 

V.  The  Phalanx  in  Operation,  1844 

May  18,  1844,  the  committee  selected  to  report  the  names  of 
suitable  persons  to  compose  the  pioneer  company  for  the  phalanx 
decided  on  the  following:  Warren  Chase,  Lester  Rounds,  J. 
Stuart,  L.  Stillwell,  George  H.  Stebbins,  T.  V.  Newell,  IT.  G. 
Martin,  C.  Adkins,  W.  Dunham,  Carlton  Lane,  Alexander 
Todd,  J'.  T.  Cobb,  E.  Child,  'Naihan  Hunter,  Jacob  Beckwith, 
S.  R.  Kellogg,  John  Limbert,  B.  L.  Richards,  William  Seaman, 
William  E.  Holbrook,  and  T)aniel  Sanborn.*  Meanwhile  "they 
had  collected  teams,  and  cows,  and  tools  and  provisions  and 
tents,  and  started — nineteen  men  and  one  boy,  with  three  horse 
teams  and  several  ox  teams, — overland  to  the  land  of  promise, 
by  the  way  of  Watertown  and  the  long  prairie.  They  canqx^d 
and  marched  and  camped,  and  after  six  days  met  at  the  house 


THE   WISCONSIN    PHALANX    AT    CERESCO 


199 


the  nearest  settler.  *****  This  glad  neighbor, 
Satcrlee  Clark,  pointed  them  out  the  trail — which  means  an 
Indian  ponv  road,  and  is  very  much  like  a  snake's  path  in  the 
mud.  They  camped  at  night  where  the  city  o£  Ripon  now 
stands,  on  the  north  hank  of  the  stream,  near  where  the  stone 
mill  now  stands,  and  on  the  morning  of  May  27 — to  them  ever 
memorable — they  repaired  to  the  valley  below,  on  the  beautiful 
plain  surrounded  by  hills,  like  an  amphitheatre,  and  one  of  the 
most  beautiful  spots  nature  has  formed  in  Wisconsin,  and  then 
on  their  own  land,  pitched  their  tents,  stuck  their  stakes,  dipped 
their  spades,  and  laid  the  corner  stone  of  the  town  of  Cereseo,  as 
the  Lone  One  called  the  place."^ 

Tlie  records  give  the  names  of  eighteen  men  and  one  b(>y,  as 
the  members  of  that  pioneer  band.  E.  Child,  B,  L.  Richards, 
William  Seaman,  and  Daniel  Sanborn  for  some  reason  did  not 
accompany  the  party,  and  Uriah  Grould,  and  a  seven  year  old 
boy,  Joseph  S.  Tracy,  were  added.  Most  of  this  group  were 
comparatively  young,  tJie  oldest,  William  Dunham,  being  but 
forty-eight. 

Tliose  who  composed  the  phalanx  in  the  days  of  its  beginnings 
do  not  appear  to  have  belonged,  even  in  part,  to  the  class  of  the 
unappreciated,  the  played  out,  the  idle,  and  the  good-for-nothing 
generally,  who  according  to  Horace  Greeley,  composed  the  com- 
numities  which  failed  under  his  eyes.  On  the  contrary,  they 
were  persons  whose  industry  and  general  shrewdness  had  already 
been  coined  into  a  goodly  equipment  of  live  stock,  farm  materi- 
als, implements,  money,  and  other  necessaries  for  fitting  out  the 
new  enteii^rise.  What  was  better,  they  had  all,  as  Western 
pioneers,  undergone  that  training  in  hard  work  and  privation 
which  fortified  them  against  discontent  and  home-sickness,,  the 
bane  of  other  communistic  colonies.  They  were  rather  religious 
than  irreligious,  and  among  them  were  two  who  had  standing 
as  preachers  in  evangelical  denominations,  Uriel  Farmin,  local 
preacher  in  the  Methodist  church ;  and  Greorge  H.  Stebbins,  a 
Baptist  minister."  With  such  material,  the  social  experiment 
be2:an. 


^Life  Line  of  the  Lone  One. 

2Mapes,  History  of  Ripon,  (Milwaukee,  1873).  p.  83  ft. 


200  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 

Monday,  Mky  28,  1S44,  pro})a.ration  was  made  for  the  build- 
ing of  three  frame  houses.  Tlie  first  ground  was  broken,  the' 
plowing  being  done  where  the  cellars  were  to  be  dug ;  and  break- 
ing for  crops  was  also  commenced  that  day,^ 

George  IT.  Stebbins,  one  of  the  ]>ioneer  band,  in  a  letter  dated 
May  27,  1844,"  describes  those  early  hours,  as  follows: 

After  dinner  the  members  all  met  in  the  tent  and  proceeded  to  a  reg- 
ular organization,  Mr.  Chase  being  in  the  chair  and  Mr.  Rounds  secre- 
tary. A  prayer  was  offered,  expressing  thanks  for  our  safe  protection 
and  arrival,  and  invoking  the  Divine  blessing  for  our  future  peace  and 
prosperity.  The  list  of  resident  members  was  called  (nineteen  in 
number),  and  they  divided  themselves  into  two  series,  viz.,  agricultural 
and  mechanical,  (each  appointing  a  foreman),  with  a  miscellaneous 
group  of  laborers,  under  the  supervision  of  the  resident  directors.  * 
********  The  stock  consists  of  fifty-four  head  of  cattle, 
large  and  small,  including  eight  yoke  of  oxen  and  three  span  of  horses. 
More  men  are  expected  during  the  week,  and  others  are  preparing  to 
come  this  summer.  Families  will  be  here  as  the  building  can  be  suf- 
ficiently advanced  to  accommodate  them.  A  few  words  regarding  the 
domain.  There  is  a  sti'eam  which,  from  its  clearness,  we  have  domin- 
ated Crystal  creek; 3  it  has  sufficient  fall  and  water  supplied  from 
springs,  for  one  or  two  mill  seats.  It  runs  over  a  bed  of  lime  stone, 
which  abounds  here  and  can  be  had  convenient  for  fences  and  build- 
ing. There  is  a  good  supply  of  timber  and  prairie.  Every  member  is 
well  pleased  with  the  location,  and  also  the  arrangement  for  business. 
Up  to  this  time  no  discordant  note  has  sounded  in  our  company.  We 
have  begun  without  a  debt,  which  is  a  source  of  great  satisfaction  to 
each  member. 

The  first  season  they  broke  up  and  sowed  eighty  acres  of  the 
prairie  to  wheat.  On  the  morning  of  the  tenth  of  June,  the 
ground  was  w^hite  wnth  frost,  which  destroyed  most  of  the  corn 
that  had  been  planted,  also  the  beans  and  vines.  Twenty  acres 
of  potatoes,  buckwheat,  turnips,  and  other  vegetables  had  previ- 
ously been  put  in.  Work  was  begun  for  a  saw  mill,  which  was 
felt  to  be  an  imperative  need,  and  n  dam  was  ordered  to  be  con- 
structed ;  but  it  was  late  in  the  following  wipter  before  these 
were  com]ileted.     The  stream  being  then  frrizeu  over,  they  could 


iButterfleld,  History  of  Fond  du  Lac  county. 

2  Published  in  the  Southport  Telegraph. 

3  This  is  now  known  as  Silver  Creek. 


THE    WISCONSIN    PHALANX    AT    CERESCO  20I 

not  obtain  power  to  ran  their  mill,  and  thus  they  were  compelled 
to  go  through  the  first  winter  without  adequate  covering  for  man 
and  beast.  The  hay  was  fortunately  very  abundant,  and  sup- 
plied the  place  of  boards  for  shelter  for  the  beasts  and  the  beds 
for  the  families/ 

September  11,  1844,  the  buildings  being  in  such  condition  as 
warranted  it,  the  tents  were  ordered  to  be  mended  and  returned 
to  their  owner  at  Southport.  On  the  same  day  a  committee  was 
appointed  to  lay  out  a  direct  road  from  the  domain  to  Fond  du 
Lac,  which  was  the  nearest  town  of  importance ;  but  on  the  14th, 
the  committee  reix)rted  that  a  direct  road  was  impracticable,  and 
recommended  that  for  the  present  travel  be  "by  the  way  of  the 
guide  board  and  Mr,  Sangs."  This  route  is  by  the  way  of 
Seven  Mile  creek,  near  the  south  line  of  the  town  of  Lamartine. 
Tlic  marshes  and  sloughs  made  this  the  most  available  route  at 
that  time. 

As  the  building  and  work  progressed,  the  pioneers  sent 
for  their  families.  ,  June  28,  1844,  a  considerable  number 
arrived,  including  Mi*s.  Stuart  and  five  children,  Mrs.  Beck- 
vvith,  James  G.  Tracy,  Mrs.  Stillwell  and  four  children,  Mrs. 
N^owell  and  infant  daughter,  Mrs.  Martin  and  four  children, 
Mrs.  Stebbins,  C  W.  Henderson  and  wife  with  two  chil- 
dren, Mr,  and  Mrs.  Hiram  Barnes  and  two  children.  Tliese 
were  the  first  arrivals  after  the  original  party,  except  Eben- 
ezer  Cliilds  and  William  Seaman  who  came  early  in  June,  and 
were  in  fact  a  part  of  the  original  band  delayed  for  a  few 
days.  July  saw  the  resident  force  increased  by  Daniel  llager, 
Volney  C  Mason,  ]\rrs.  Carlton  Lane  and  three  children,  Mrs. 
Seaman  and  two  children,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  L'^riel  Fannin  and  three 
children,  Mrs.  Isabelle  E.  Towne  and  two  boys,  and  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  Nathan  Strong  and  child ;  in  August,  Mrs,  Chase  came 
with  two  children,  and  during  the  same  month  came  Mrs. 
Kounds  and  child,  Mrs.  Dunham  and  two  children,  also  David 
B.  Dunham,  and  James  Ilebden ;  others  followed  thereafter, 
accessions  being  constantly  made  during  the  life  of  the  phalanx. 

During  these  earlier  months  the  records  of  the  organization 
were  still  kept  at  Southport,  where  the  officers  were.     Authority 


il/tfe  Line  of  the  Lone  One. 
14 


202  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 

Avas,  liowever,  given  the  resident  directors  to  conduct  the  busi- 
ness during'  tJiis  period.  Septemlwr  o,  appears  to  have  Immju  the 
first  meeting  of  the  majority  of  the  direct-ors  on  the  domain, 
and  from  that  time  all  of  the  business  was  conducted  on  the 
domain  by  a  resident  board  of  directors. 

The  November  valuation  of  the  laiids  shows  tliat  the  organi- 
zation was  possessed  of  1,160  acres  of  land  in  sections  20,  21, 
and  29,  some  of  which  were  ai)praised  at  $2,  and  from  that 
up  to  $5  an  aero,  the  total  valuation  being  $3,727.20.  The 
price  of  Ward  for  the  period  ending  December  2,  1844,  was 
established,  as  follows:  All  over  fifteen  years  of  age^  fifty 
cents  per  week ;  all  under  fifteen  and  over  two,  thirty-three  cents 
per  week ;  and  all  under  two  years,  notliing. 

November  15,  the  l>oard  divided  all  lalK>r  done  on  the  do- 
main into  three  classes:  1st,  class  of  necessity,  comprising 
"digging  and  fctoning  wells,  all  work  in  water,  labor  necessarily? 
requiring  persons  to  be  exposed  to  stormis,  mixing  mortar  and 
rending  mason."  2d,  class  of  usefulness,  comprising  "all  me- 
clianical  and  agi'icultural  labor,  not  comprised  in  other  classes, 
washing,  teaming,  milking,  taking  care  of  stock,  book-keeping, 
and  writing."  3d,  class  of  attractiveness,  comprising  "cook- 
ing, dining  room)  work,  ironing,  domestic  choring,  gardening, 
horticulture,  care  of  fowls  and  bees,  and  all  necessary  business 
of  the  board  of  directors."  The  ratio  of  the  classes  was  fixed 
as  follows :  The  number  of  hours  work  done  each  week  by  each 
individual  in  the  class  of  necessity,  w^as  required  to  be  returned 
by  the  fore]nan  and  multiplied  by  twenty-four ;  those  performed 
by  each  individual  in  the  class  of  usefulness  was  to  be  multiplied 
by  twenty;  those  in  the  class  of  attractiveness,  by  fifteen.  It 
will  be  observed  that  this  provision  gave  no  proj^er  classification 
of  the  so-called  skilled  labor  in  the  trades,  and  that  the  more 
undesirable  the  labor  the  higher  tlie  compensation. 

This  provision  for  the  division  of  labor  did  not  go  into  effect 
until  December.  Meanwhile,  says  Chase  in  a  letter  dated  Sep- 
temil>er  12,  1844,  "We  do  all  our  cooking  in  one  kitchen,  and  all 
eat  at  one  table.  All  our  lalx)r,  excepting  a  part  of  the  female 
labor,  on  wiliich  there  is  a  reduction,  is  for  the  present  deemed 
in  the  class  of  usefulness,  and  every  member  works  as  well  as 


THE    WISCONSIN    PHALANX   AT    CERESCO 


203 


possible  where  he  or  she  is  most  needed,  under  the  general  su- 
perintendence of  the  directors.  We  adhere  strictly  to  our  con- 
stitution and  by-laws,  and  adopt  as  fast  as  possible  the  system  of 
Fourier.  We  have  organized  our  groups  and  series  in  a  simple 
manner,  and  thus  far  evers^thing  goes  admirably,  and  much  bet- 
ter than  we  could  have  exj)ected  in  our  embiyo  state.  We  have 
regular  meeting's  for  business  and  social  purposes,  by  which 
means  we  keep  in  hannony  of  feeling  and  concert  of  action.  We 
have  a  Sunday  school,  Bible  class,  and  divine  service  every  Sab- 
bath by  different  denominations,  who  occupy  tlie  hall  (as  we 
have  but  one")  alternately ;  and  all  is  harmony  in  that  depart- 
ment, although  we  have  many  members  of  different  religious  so- 
cieties. They  all  seem  determined  to  lay  aside  metaphysical  dif- 
ferences, and  make  a  unite<l  social  effort,  founded  on  the  fimda- 
mental  principles  of  religion."^ 

The  mail  during  this  time  was  brought  from  Fond  du  Lac 
once  a  week  by  James  Stuart,  who  was  paid  for  this  service  by 
twenty-four  hours  credit,  and  five  shillings  a  trip.  Later  a  jxtst 
office  was  established.  Lester  Rounds,  whom  Mr.  Ohase  de- 
scribes as  "one  of  nature's — not  man's — noblemen  and  a  true- 
hearted  reformer,"  was  made  the  postmaster. 

Thus  far  the  organization  was  merely  a  voluntary  association 
of  individuals,  having  no  legal  existence.  Chase  was  Avell  aware 
of  the  trouble  that  might  lie  in  store  for  the  association  if  dissen- 
sion should  arise,  unless  it  shoidd  l>ecome  a  legal  entity,  ^Hth 
full  right  to  conti'act  and  to  hold  property  in  its  own  nanie.  Ac- 
cordingly an  attempt  was  made  to  get  a  charter  from  the  terri- 
torial legislature  at  the  next  session,  incorporating  the  phalanx. 

To  quote  again  from  Mr.  Chase: 

When  the  families  (about  twenty)  were  all  packed  for  winter  quar- 
ters, and  the  boys  hunting  fence  timber  and  saw  logs  on  Uncle  Sam's 
land,  then  the  Lone  One  started  to  secure  a  charter,  or  act  of  incor- 
poration for  the  society.  The  act  had  been  carefully  drawn  up  by 
him,  and  submitted  to  the  members  and  approved,  and  he  was  author- 
ized to  secure  its  passage  with  as  few  amendments  as  possible.  With 
this  view  he  visited  several  members  of  the  territorial  legislature,  sub- 
mitted it  to  them,  and  secured  the  aid  of  some.     *     *     *     He  was  soon 


iNoyes,  History  of  American  Socialisms,  (Phiadelphia,  1870)  p.  414. 


204 


WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 


in  the  lobby,  closely  watching  the  fate  of  the  bill,  which  did  not  excite 
much  opposition  in  the  assembly,  but  by  the  aid  of  his  good  friend  the 
doctor,  from  Fond  du  Lac  [Dr.  Darling],  who  was  a  member  in  seat, 
was  slowly  and  properly  passed,  with  but  slight  amendments.  It  then 
went  to  the  Council,  where  he  also  had  some  good  friends,  especially 
the  one  who  had  the  titles  to  the  domain  [Mr.  Frank].  But  here  the 
cormorants  attacked  it,  because  they  thought  it  a  good  subject  to  make 
capital  on,  and  down  came  the  Argus,  which  was  the  paper  that 
watched  the  interests  of  itself  and  party.  The  Lone  One  offered  replies 
and  defence,  and  although  a  politician  of  the  same  school  and  party, 
the  Argus  dare  not  admit  both  sides,  and  it  had  decided  the  bill  evil, 
and  only  a  cheating  scheme,  and  most  especially  a  social  heresy.  But 
the  Lone  One  made  reply  through  the  daily  Democratic  sheet  of  Mil- 
waukee, until  the  Argus  was  sorry  it  ever  took  the  subject  up;  and  long 
after  was  more  sorry  still,  for  it  felt  the  injury  it  had  inflicted  on  inno- 
cent persons.  *  *  *  It  was  a  hard  conflict  for  the  law,  so  essen- 
tial at  that  time  for  the  security  of  the  settlers.  But  at  last  the  final 
vote  let  it  through,  and  the  rejoicing  man  in  the  lobby  was  permitted 
to  follow  it  to  the  executive  rooms.  "It  will  not  compromise  my  democ- 
racy to  sign  it,  will  it?"  said  the  smiling  Governor  Tallmadge,  as  he 
pleasantly  added  his  approval  to  the  act,  which  enabled  the  Lone  One 
to  return  to  his  anxious  family  and  still  more  anxious  friends,  who 
were  waiting,  in  deep  suspense,  the  fate  of  the  charter.  He  soon 
reached  home,  and  exceeding  joy  ran  through  the  crowd  as  they  heard 
the  good  news:  "Now  we  are  safe,  for  our  property  will  be  in  our  own 
hands."  i 

Tlio  charter  was  approved  Feb.  6,  1845.  On  the  fourteenth 
of  tliG  saiiio  iiiontli  tlio  directors  provided  that  the  stockholdors 
be  invited  to  tninsfc^r  all  of  their  proi)crty  to  the  corporation, 
each  to  bo  cre^lited  with  the  same  ajiicnint  of  stock  in  the  new  as- 
sociation with  the  same  ainonnt  for  laln^r  done  as  was  credited 
on  the  books  of  die  original  association.  The  tmstees  were  to 
cxjnvey  tlieir  interests  in  the  property  to  the  corporation,  and 
each  .share^holder  was  requested  to  quit-claim  his  interest  also. 
February  17,  pursuant  to  the  direction  of  the  charter,  Warren 
C^ase,  Lester  Kouuds,  and  Uriel  Farrain,  as  a  committee,  opeaied 
stock  lxK)ks  at  tJie  house  of  Mr.  Rounds,  where  stock  was  taken  by 
all  of  the  resident  nieuil)ers.  April  7th,  the  stock  books  were 
closed,  and  a  council  having  been  elected  to  take  charge  of  the 
affairs  of  the  corporation,  the  books  were  handed  to  its  president. 


iLt/e  Line  of  the  Lone  One. 


THE   WISCONSIN    PHALANX   AT    CERESCO  205 

the  officers  of  tlie  old  societ}^  resigned,  tlie  proper  deeds  of  con- 
veyance wore  executed,  and  theneforth  the  association  continued 
under*  its  new  charter.  Chase  says  tliat  the  neighboi-s,  who  had 
begun  to  locate  in  the  vicinity,  were  gi-eatly  alarmed  by  tlie  as- 
sociation, most  of  them  were  sure  that  it  would  do  hann ;  for  it 
had  great  power,  and  would  monopolize.  "They  wished  tlie 
cursed  thing  dead.  A  few  saw  no  evil  in  it,  but  only  a  power 
for  good.  These  'four-year-ites'  furnished  the  material  and 
news  for  prairie  yarns  and  gossip  for  all  the  region  round 
about." 

VI.  The  Legislative  Charter 

The  name  selected  was  the  same  as  had  hcoA\  adopted  in  tlir* 
original  constitution,  the  Wisconsin  Phalanx. 

The  value  of  shares  of  stock  was  continued  at  the  sum  of 
twenty-five  dollars  each. 

The  location  Avas  fixed  in  the  to"\\ii  of  Ceresco,  to  which  town 
the  business  operations  were  restricted.  The  corporation  was, 
however,  permitted  to  own  timil)ered  and  meadow  land  in  any 
other  town.  In  no  case  could  the  association  own  more  than 
forty  acres  for  each  person  belonging  thereto. 

The  corporation  and  the  officers  were  forbidden  to  contract  a,ny 
debt,  or  to  issue  any  notes,  or  scrip,  or  evidence  of  debt.  If  any 
debts  were  contracted  the  officers  were  to  be  held  personally  liable 
thereon.  The  books  of  the  corporation  were  to  be  open  at  all 
times  for  the  insi^ection  of  the  members  as  well  as  the  officers 
of  tlie  township,  county,  or  territory ;  and  tlie  stock  of  each  mem- 
ber was  made  liable  to  execution  for  debts  of  tlie  o^viier. 

The  officei*s  were  provided  for  as  follows:  president,  vice- 
president,  secretary,  treasurer,  and  nine  coimcilmten. 

Every  male  member,  twenty-one  years  of  age,  was  entitled  to 
vote  at  the  annual  meetings  in  December.  In  this  respect  the 
charter' departed  from  the  firet  constitution;  but  whetlier  in  re- 
sponse to  the  demand  of  the  legislature,  or  of  the  constituency 
of  the  phalanx  itself  does  not  appear. 

The  council  was  given  large  i)owers :  "The  coimcil  shall  ar- 
range and  determine  all  business  of  the  corporation,  both  in- 
dustrial and  financial,  and  shall  have  power  to  mlake  such  rules, 


2o6  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 

regulations,  and  by-laws  for  tJio  government  of  members  as  they 
may  deem  proper,  provided  always  tJiat  said  rules,  regidations, 
and  by-laws  shall  in  no  wise  conflict  with  the  provisions  of  this 
act,  or  with  the  laws  of  this  territory."  It  will  be  seen  tliat  this 
virtually  made  the  phalanx  a  municipal  corporation  within  its 
teiTitorial  limits. 

The  original  constitution  had  provided  for  the  appraisal  each 
year  of  all  real  estate,  and  any  gain,  exclusive  of  improvements, 
was  to  be  the  proi>erty  of  the  stock-holders ;  the  charter  changed 
this  so  tliat  tlie  gain  was  to  l>e  divided  by  giving  one-fourth  to 
stock  and  three-fourths  to  labor.  The  charter  made  the  same 
rule  apply  to  personal  property.  These  <iredits  to  stock  and 
labor  might  be  paid  to  the  ones  entitled  toi  them,  either  in  money 
or  stock,  (it  the  option  of  the  council. 

The  charter  made  it  obligatory  upon  tlie  corporation  to  estab- 
lish a  public  school,  in  Avhich  were  to  be  taught  all  of  the 
branches  of  science  usually  taught  in  the  conunon  schools  of  the 
territory,  such  school  to  be  maintained  nine  months  of  the  year. 
The  exjiense  of  the  school  was  charged  threes-fourths  to  the  labor 
account,  and  onei-fourth  to  capital,  or  stock. 

The  provision  of  the  original  constitution  with  reference  to 
freedom  of  religious  worship  Avas  preserved  in  the  same  lan- 
guage, in  the  charter. 

VII.  The  Revised  By = Laws 

Most  of  the  provisions  of  the  first  set  of  by-laws  were  retaine<l, 
but  there  wera  some  changes,  made  nece-ssary  l>y  the  charter  and 
by  the  experience  of  the  practical  operation  of  the  association 
during  its  existence  of  less  than  a  year. 

The  organization  of  groups  was  placed  in  the  hands  of  tlie 
president,  each  group  as  l)efore  to  choose  its  o^Yl\  foreman.  The 
foreman  was  no  longer  permitted  "to  adjudge  the  rank  according 
to  the  skill  and  productiveness  such  person  may  exercise,"  a 
provision  in  the  early  by-laws  which  had  not  been  followed  in 
practice;  but  the  rule  was  fixed  that  the  foreman  should  credit 
"each  person  l)elonging  to  his  group  in  hours  every  night  with 
the  relative  amount  of  labor  performed,  making  as  near  as  pos- 
sible the  ordinary  labor  of  a  healthy  person  in  that  business  the 


^HE    WISCONSIN    PHALANX    AT    CERESCO  207 

standard."  The  relative  rank  of  tlie  three  classes  of  industry 
was  continued  as  before:  class  of  necessity,  24;  class  of  useful- 
ness, 20  ;  and  claims  of  attractiveness,  15. 

Elaborate  by-laws  for  the  hearing  of  any  charges  against  a 
nioniber  were  set  out,  to  the  end  that  a  full  ajid  fair  trial  might 
be  had  after  due  notice  to  all. 

A  demand  having  arisen  for  the  privilege  of  living  separate 
froni  the  common  table,  it  was  provided  tliat  tlie  cor[x>ration 
should  extend  to  such  f  a.milies  as  chose  to  Ix^ard  themselves  such 
credits  in  provisions  as  should  place  them  on  equal  footing  ^\•^th 
those  who  lx)arded  at  the  common  table. 

Every  stock  liolder  was  reipiired  to  balance  his  account  at  the 
tiniio  of  the  December  settlement  each  year,  if  anything  was  th' 
found  to  Ix)  due  from  him,  by  transferring  his  st«ck  in  sufficient 
simi  to  pay  such  account. 

VIII.  1845 

April  T,  the  corporation  Ixjing  duly  organized  and  the 
machinery  set  up  ready  to  run,  the  association  went  on  as  bo- 
fore.  The  council  organizeil  with  standing  conunittees  on  agri- 
culture; mechanical  affairs;  domestic  affairs;  finance;  on  ap]ili- 
cations;  education;  corporation  affairs;  and  rules,  regiihitions, 
and  by-laws. 

June  2,  it  was  decided  that  a  stone  school  house  l)e  built,  a"  '! 
the  walls  be  carried  up  eight  or  nine  feet  high.  Meanwhile, 
more  land  was  entered ;  members  were  admitted  from  time  to 
time  on  application;  a  few  were  rejecte^l  (although  no  reason  is 
sliown)  ;  and  steps  wore  taken  to  erect  a  gTist  mill. 

The  annual  n^port  of  the  president,  for  the  year  ending  De- 
eenAer  1,  1S45  thus  portrays  the  conditions  of  the  settlement: 

In  our  social  and  domestic  arrangements  we  have  approximated  as  far 
toward  the  plan  of  Fourier  as  the  difficulties  incident  to  a  new  organi- 
zation in  an  uncultivated  country  would  permit.  Owing  to  our  infant 
condition  and  wish  to  live  within  our  means,  our  public  table  has  not 
been  furnished  as  elegantly  as  might  be  desirable  to  an  epicurean  taste. 
From  the  somewhat  detached  nature  of  our  dwellings,  and  the  conse- 
quent inconveniences  attendant  on  all  dining  at  one  table,  permission 
was  given  to  such  families  as  chose  to  be  furnished  with  provisions  and 


2o8  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 

cook  their  own  board.  But  one  family  has  availed  itself  of  the  privi- 
lege. 

In  the  various  departments  of  physical  labor,  we  have  accomplished 
much  more  than  could  be  done  by  the  same  person  in  an  isolated  con- 
dition. We  have  broken  up  and  brought  under  cultivation  three  hun- 
dred and  twenty-five  acres  of  land;  have  sown  four  hundred  acres  to 
winter  wheat;  harvested  the  hundred  acres  we  had  on  the  ground  last 
fall;  plowed  one  hundred  and  seventy  acres  tor  crops  the  ensuing 
spring;  raised  sixty  acres  of  corn,  twenty  acres  of  potatoes  and  thirty 
of  beans,  pease,  roots,  etc.;  built  five  miles  of  fence;  cut  four  hundred 
tons  of  hay;  and  expended  a  large  amount  of  labor  in  teaming,  build- 
ing sheds,  taking  care  of  stock,  etc. 

We  have  nearly  finished  the  long  building  commenced  last  year,  (two 
hundred  and  eight  feet  by  thirty-two),  making  comfortable  residences 
for  thirty  families;  built  a  stone  school  house  twenty  by  thirty;  a  din- 
ing room  eighteen  by  thirty;  finished  one  of  the  twenty  by  thirty  dwell- 
ings built  last  year;  expended  about  two  hundred  days'  labor  digging  a 
race  and  foundation  for  a  grist  mill  thirty  by  forty,  three  stories  high, 
and  for  a  shop  twenty  by  twenty-five,  one  story  with  stone  basements  to 
both,  and  erected  frames  for  the  same;  built  a  wash  house  sixty  by 
twenty-two,  a  hen  house  eleven  by  thirty,  of  sun  dried  brick;  an  ash 
house  ten  by  twenty  of  the  same  material;  kept  one  man  employed  in 
the  saw  mill,  one  drawing  logs,  one  in  the  blacksmith  shop,  one  shoe 
making,  and  most  of  the  time  two  in  the  kitchen. 

The  estimated  value  of  the  property  on  hand  is  $27,725.22,  wholly 
unencumbered;  and  we  are  free  from  debt,  except  about  $600  due  to 
members  who  have  advanced  cash  for  the  purchase  of  provisions  and 
land.  But  to  balance  this  we  have  over  $1,000  coming  to  us  from  mem- 
bers, on  stock  subscriptions  not  yet  due. 

The  whole  number  of  hour's  labor  performed  by  the  members  dur- 
ing the  year,  reduced  to  the  class  of  usefulness,  is  102,760;  number 
expended  in  cooking,  etc.,  and  deducted  for  the  board  of  members, 
21,170;  number  remaining  after  deducting  for  board,  81,590,  to  which 
the  amount  due  to  labor  is  divided.  In  this  statement  the  washing  is 
not  taken  into  account,  families  having  done  their  own. 

Whole  number  of  weeks'  board  charged  members  (including  chil- 
dren graduated  to  adults),  4,234.  Cost  of  board  per  week  for  each 
person,  forty-four  cents  for  provisions  and  five  hours  for  labor. 

Whole  amount  of  property  on  hand  as  per  invoice,  $27,725.22.  Cost 
of  property  and  stock  issued  up  to  December  1,  1845,  $19,589.18.  In- 
crease the  past  year,  being  the  product  of  labor,  $8,136.04;  one-fourth 
of  which,  $2,034.01,  is  credited  to  capital,  being  twelve  per  cent  per 
annum  on  stock,  for  the  average  time  invested;  and  three-fourths,  or 
$6,102.03,  to  labor,  being  seven  and  one-half  cents  per  hour. 


THE   WISCONSIN    PHALANX    AT    CERESCO 


209 


These  were  evidently  golden  days  in  Ceresco.  "Men  and 
women  worked  with  an  electrical  zeal  born  of  an  enthusiasm 
for  a  newly-esix)used  cause  and  the  holiday  novelty  of  all  of 
the  surroundings.  Under  sound  direction  their  labor  was 
fruitful,  and  this  in  turn  stimulated  to  new  exertion.  Few  or 
no  tares  sprung  up  in  the  social  garden."^ 

During  the  year  1845,  settlements  were  made  in  many  parts 
of  the  town  and  most  of  the  land  was  entered.  Tlie  phalanx 
residents  being  the  first  ones  to  enter  the  township,  had  prac- 
tically the  first  choice  of  the  lands.  In  1845  came  Captain 
David  P.  Mapes,  who  entered  lands  to  the  east  of  the  present 
city  of  Eipon,  and  built  his  residence  thereon.^  But  Mapes 
was  very  desirous  of  getting  the  quarter  section  located  almost 
in  the  heart  of  the  phalanx  territory  owned  by  John  S.  Horner 
for  a  town  site,  and  for  a  time  there  was  great  strife  between 
the  phalanx  people  and  Mr.  Mapes  to  obtain  it.^  It  was  not 
until  1849  that  Mr.  Mapes  succeeded  in  arranging  with  Mr. 
Ilonier  for  its  purchase.* 

IX.  1846 

March  3,  Mr.  Chase  wrote  in  his  usual  enthusiastic  vein : 
"Since  our  December  statement,  our  course  and  progress  has 
been  undeviatingly  toward  the  goal.  We  have  added  forty 
acres  to  our  land,  making  1,633  acres  free  of  incumbrance.  We 
are  preparing  to  raise  eight  hundred  acres  of  crop  the  coming 
season,  finish  our  grist  mill,  and  build  some  temporary  resi- 
dences, etc.  We  have  admitted  but  one  family  since  the  last  of 
December,  although  w^e  have  had  many  applications. °  In  this 
department  of  our  organization,  as  well  as  in  that  of  contracting 
debts,  we  are  profitting  by  the  ex|x>rience  of  many  associations 
who  preceded  or  started  with  us."° 


1  Mapes,  History  of  Ripon,  p.  134. 

2 On  the  SE^  SW%,  Sec.  22. 

3  This  was  the  E%  NW14  and  W%  NEVo  of  Sec.  21. 

■♦Mapes,  Ripon,  p.  134. 

5  An  inspection  of  the  record  shows  that  there  were  four  accepted 
during  this  period  and  two  rejected.  One  application  was  still  pend- 
ing at  the  time  of  the  letter. 

« Noyes,  History  of  American  Socialisms,  p.  421. 


2IO  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 

Meanwhile,  applications  being  received  from  those  outside 
of  the  organization  for  the  privileges  of  the  phalanx  school,  the 
council  fixed  the  rate  of  tuition  at  three  dollars  per  quarter,  and 
hoard  where  required.  The  school  house  was  appropriated  to 
the  use  of  the  phrenological  class  Thursday  evening  of  each 
week.  The  "South  Woods''^  were  ordered  protected,  and  no 
one  was  to  be  permitted  to  cut  green  timljer  therein  without 
authority  from  the  officers. 

During  this  year  some  difficulty  arose  in  the  matter  of  keep- 
ing all  of  the  members  resident  on  the  domain,  and  it  was  found 
necessary  in  February  to  pass  the  following:  "Resolved  that 
any  member  of  the  phalanx,  who  being  head  of  the  family  shall 
remove  his  or  her  household  effects,  goods,  etc.,  and  family  off 
the  domain  and  commence  house-keeping  or  boarding  elsewhere 
[than]  on  the  domain,  shall  thereby  lose  all  privileges  enjoyed 
as  a  member  and  shall  no  longer  be  a  member  of  the  corporation, 
as  if  a  stranger." 

In  March,  Jacob  Woodruff  was  appointed  librarian  for  the 
phalanx,  with  instructions  to  keep  the  files  of  all  papers  of  the 
corporation  accessible  to  the  use  of  the  members.  We  have  no 
list  of  the  periodicals  which  were  taken,  but  at  various  times 
the  corporation  was  subscriber  to  the  Alphadelphian  Tocsin, 
The  Harbinger,  The  Southport  Telegraph,  The  Phalanx,  The 
Tribune,  and  The  Plowshare  and  Pruning  Hook.  Most  of  the 
members  were  earnest  readers  and  many  of  them  were  subscrib- 
ers to  other  periodicals.  Thus,  by  a  system  of  interchange,  the 
peoj^le  of  this  society  were  brought  into  contact  with  the  thought 
of  the  great  world  outside,  and  in  general  intelligence  and  in- 
formation were  in  advance  of  the  average  pioneers. 

Being  in  need  of  an  expert  millwright  to  construct  and  oper- 
ate the  grist  mill,  the  council  agreed  with  Benjamin  Wright 
that  he  should  have  121X>  cents  per  hour,  to  be  paid  as  the  mem- 
bers were  paid,  either  in  cash  or  stock  at  the  option  of  the  coun- 
cil. 

June  2,  steps  were  taken  for  the  erection  of  a  blacksmith 
shop,  east  of  the  grist  milh     This  building  was  located  at  the 


iNow  known  as  South  Woods  Park  of  Ripon. 


THE    WISCONSIN    PHALANX    AT    CERESCO  2 II 

intersection  of  West  Fond  du  Lac  street  with  the  Berlin  road, 
on  the  north-east  corner. 

During-  the  snininer  Benjamin  Shehlon  was  einph^yed  to  make 
a  beginning  in  indnstrial  edncation  for  the  boys.  The  resolu- 
tion requests  him  "to  take  care  of  the  scliool  boys  and  teacli  them 
and  discipline  those  who  are  old  enough  in  labor  and  swimming 
and  other  plav  when  needed  and  to  kee])  a  book  in  which  he 
records  his  time  spent  with  the  boys  and  also  the  amount  of  labor 
each  boj'  performs  in  its  relative  proportion  to  men's  labor." 

Numerous  applications  were  received  from  those  wlio  had  no 
money  or  pro}x^rty  to  put  into  the  corporation  for  tlie  privilege 
of  working  on  the  domain  and  receiving  their  pay  as  members 
were  paid.  These  were  usually  accepted,  and  if  the  association 
was  not  satisfied  with  the  work  done,  the  relation  was  sj^eedily 
terminated.  One  such  applicant  was  John  V.  Bader,  who 
became  the  shoemaker  of  the  society, 

Tlie  annual  report  for  the  fiscal  year  ending  December  7, 
1846,  gives  the  following  as  the  condition  of  the  phalanx : 

We  Have  now  one  hundred  and  eighty  residents;  one  hundred  and 
one  males,  seventy-nine  females;  fifty-six  males,  and  thirty-seven  fe- 
males over  the  age  of  twenty-one  years.  About  eighty  have  boarded 
at  the  public  table  during  the  past  year,  at  a  cost  of  fifty  cents  per 
week  and  two  and  one-half  hours  labor,  whole  cost,  sixty-three  cents. 
The  others  most  of  the  time  have  had  their  provisions  charged  to 
them,  and  done  their  own  cooking  in  their  respective  families,  although 
their  apartments  are  very  inconvenient  for  that  purpose.  Most  of  the 
families  choose  this  mode  of  living,  more  from  previous  habits  of  the 
domestic  arrangement  and  convenience  than  from  economy.  We  have 
resident  on  the  domain,  thirty-six  families  and  thirty-[five]  single  per- 
sons; fifteen  families  and  thirty  single  persons  board  at  the  public 
table;  twenty -one  families  board  by  themselves  and  the  remaining  five 
single  persons  board  with  them. 

Four  families  have  left  during  the  past  year,  and  one  returned  that 
had  previously  left.  One  left  to  commence  a  new  association;  one, 
after  a  few  weeks  residence  because  the  children  did  not  like  it;  and 
two  to  seek  other  business  more  congenial  with  their  feelings  than 
hard  work.  The  society  has  increased  the  past  year  about  twenty, 
which  is  not  one-fourth  of  the  applicants.  [This  is  not  in  harmony 
with  the  records  of  aiJplications  and  refusals.]  The  want  of  room  has 
prevented  us  from  admitting  more. 

There  has  been  96,297  hours  medium  class  labor  performed  during 


212  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 

the  past  year  (mostly  by  males),  which  owing  to  the  extremely  low 
appraisal  of  the  property  and  the  disadvantage  of  haVing  a  new  farm 
to  work  on,  has  paid  but  five  cents  per  hour,  and  six  per  cent,  per  an- 
num on  capital. 

The  amount  of  property  in  joint  stock  as  per  valuation,  is  $30,609.04; 
whole  amount  of  liabilities,  $1,095.33.  The  net  product  or  income  for 
the  past  year  is  $6,341.84,  one-fourth  of  which  being  credited  to  capi- 
tal makes  six  per  cent;  and  three-fourths  to  labor  makes  the  five  cents 
per  hour.  We  have  as  yet  no  machinery  in  operation  except  a  saw 
mill,  but  have  a  grist  mill  nearly  ready  to  commence  grinding.  Our 
wheat  crop  came  in  very  light,  which,  together  with  the  large  amount 
of  labor  necessarily  expended  in  building  sheds  and  fences,  which  are 
not  estimated  of  any  value,  makes  our  dividend  much  less  than  it  will 
be  when  we  can  construct  more  permanent  works.  We  have  also 
many  unfinished  works,  which  do  not  afford  us  either  income  or  con- 
venience. 

The  society  has  advanced  to  members  during  the  past  year  $3,293, 
mostly  in  provisions  and  such  necessary  clothing  as  could  be  pro- 
cured. 

The  following  schedule  shows  in  what  the  property  of  the  society 
consists  and  its  valuation: 

1713  acres  of  land  at  $3 $5,139  00 

Agricultural  improvements  3,206  00 

Agricultural  products   4,806  76 

Shops,  dwellings,  and  outhouses  6,963  61 

Mills,  mill-race  and  dams 5,112  90 

Cattle,  horses,  sheep,  hogs,  etc 3,098  45 

Farming  tools,  etc 1,119  36 

Mechanical  tools,  etc 367  26 

Other  personal  property  715  70 

Amount   $30,609  04 

X.  1847 

There  had  been  a  disposition  on  the  part  of  some  of  the  mem- 
bers to  overdraw  their  account,  and  in  order  to  remedy  this  the 
council  resolved  at  its  meeting  January  13,  to  limit  the  amounts 
advanced  to  members  to  four  per  cent  on  tliG  stock  invested, 
and  four  cents  an  hour  for  work  credited  on  the  books  to  the 
member  asking  the  advance. 

May  31,  S.  Bates  and  A.  I).  Wright  were  appointed  millers 
and  grinders  at  the  grist  mill,  and  a  schedule  of  prices  for  grind- 
ing was  fixed.     Mr.  Chase  says  of  the  grist  mill:     "This  had 


THE    WISCONSIN    PHALANX   AT    CBRESCO 


213 


to  be  watehed  to  keep  the  envious  neig^hlwrs  from  burning  it;  so 
strong  was  the  prejudice  because  they  would  gi'ind  their  own 
grain  in  their  own  mill,  and  would  not,  because  they  could  not, 
grind  for  others.  Tlie  jealousy  increased  as  fast  as  their  pros- 
perity."^ 

Thus  far  the  corporation  had  been  unable  to  buy  back  the 
stock  of  a  member  when  he  wished  to  leave.  It  needed  all  its 
money  to  purchase  lands  and  other  absolutely  essential  things 
for  the  use  of  the  organization.  Although  the  charter  forbade 
the  issuance  of  any  scrip  or  evidence  of  debt,  yet  the  council 
found  itself  compelled  within  a  few  weeks  after  the  charter  was 
granted  to  disobey  the  provision  and  to  issue  orders  on  the  treas- 
ury, jiayable  at  some  future  time  with  interest,  usually  at  ten 
or  twelve  ,per  cent.  Ready  money  had  alwaj's  been  a  scarce 
article  in  the  treasury  of  the  corporation,  but  as  time  went 
on  it  became  scarcer.  In  spite  of  this  fact.  Chase  wrote  under 
date  of  June  28  in  his  optimistic  way:  "Tlie  phalanx  will 
soon  be  in  condition  to  adopt  the  })olicy  of  purchasing'  the 
amount  of  stock  which  any  member  may  have  invested,  when- 
ever he  shall  wish  to  leave.  As  soon  as  this  can  be  done  witJi- 
out  embarrassing  our  business,  we  shall  liave  surmounted  the 
last  obstacle  to  our  onward  progress.  *  *  -^  Jf  j^q  accident 
befall  us  we  sliall  declare  a  cash  dividend  at  our  next  annual 
settlement.""  About  this  time,  E.  R.  Rounds  having  with- 
drawn from  the  phalanx,  the  corjwration  informed  him  that  it 
could  not  pay  him  in  cash,  but  it  did  finally  issue  to  him  two 
orders  on  the  treasury,  maturing  some  time  later  at  twelve  per 
cent  interest.^  Sei)tendx?r  13,  the  council  decided  that  it 
would  adopt  the  jwlicy  so  far  as  possible  of  paying  a  mendter, 
on  his  withdrawal,  what  he  i)ut  into  the  association,  in  exchange 
for  his  stock.  It  was  not  a  promise  to  })ay  money  for  stock,  and 
in  practice  did  not  so  ojwrate  to  any  large  extent,  but  there  were 
a  number  who  availed  themselves  of  this  provision  and  did  re- 
ceive money  during  the  following  year. 


^Life  Line  of  the  Lone  One. 

2Noyes,  History  of  American  Socialisms,  p.  426. 

3  Record  of  the  association,  April  26,  184/,  p.  197. 


214 


WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 


In  July,  a  writer  for  the  New  York  Tribune  rejwrted  his  ob- 
servations after  a  few  days'  visit  to  the  domain.  It  was  glow- 
ing, enthusiastic,  and  imaginative  in  the  extreme.  It  was  fol- 
lowed by  a  letter  from  J.  J.  (^ooke  to  the  same  paper,  under 
date  of  August  28,  in  which  the  writer  takes  issue  with  the 
statements  made,  criticises  the  water  ])ower  and  climate,  and 
says  further:  "Tlie  probability  now  is  that  corn  will  be  ahnost 
a  total  failure."  Their  present  tenements  are  "such  as  few 
at  the  east  would  be  contented  to  live  in."  "The  most  unpleas- 
ant feeling's  which  I  have  experienced  since  I  have  been  here 
have  been  caused  by  the  want  of  neatness  around  the  dwellings, 
which  seems  to  be  inconsistent  with  the  individual  character  of 
the  members  with  whom  I  have  become  acquainted.  This  they 
state  to  be  owing  to  their  struggles  for  the  nccessaj*ies  of  life; 
but  I  have  freely  told  them  that  I  considered  it  inexcusable."^ 

Mr.  Chase  replied  in  the  Harbinger  of  January  8  following, 
admitting  the  general  character  of  the  defects  that  had  been 
pointed  out,  but  insisting  that  it  was  imfair  to  judge  the  experi- 
ment at  this  time  by  eastern  standards. 

In  August  Mr.  Chase,  continuing  his  letters  to  the  eastern 
papers,  wrote  as  follows :  "  Now  is  the  time  for  practical  at- 
tempts; to  start  with,  first,  the  joint  stock  property,  the  large 
farm  or  township,  the  common  home,  and  joint  property  of  all 
of  the  members ;  second,  co-operative  labor  and  the  equitable 
distrilnition  of  products,  the  large  fields,  large  pastures,  large 
gardens,  large  dairies,  large  fruit  orchards,  etc.,  with  their  mills, 
mechanic  shops,  stores,  common  wash  houses,  bake  houses,  baths, 
libraries,  lectures,  cabinets,  etc. ;  third,  educational  organiza- 
tion, including  all,  both  children  and  adults,  and  through  that 
the  adoj)tion  of  the  serial  law,  organization  of  grou])S  and  series ; 
at  this  point  labor,  without  reference  to  pay,  will  begin  to  be 
attractive ;  fourth,  the  Phalansterian  order,  unitary  order.  * 
*  *  In  most  cases  years  will  be  re(piired  for.  the  adoption  of 
the  second  of  these  conditions,  and  more  for  the  third,  and  still 
more  for  the  fourth.      *     *     *     We  have  spent  three  years. 


1  Noyes  History  of  American  Socialisms,  p.  428. 


THE    WISCONSIN    PHALANX .  AT    CERESCO 


215 


and  judging  from  onr  progress  tlius  far,  it  will  doubtless  take 
us  from  five  to  ten  more  to  get  far  enough  in  the  second  to  com- 
mence the  third."  ^ 

The  annual  report  for  the  year  1847  shows  that  the  number 
of  residents  was  157,  in  32  families;  four  families  and  two 
single  i)ersons  left  during  the  year,  whose  stock  had  been  pur- 
chased. 93,446  hours  labor  had  been  performed,  and  the  prop- 
erty was  appraised  at  $32,564.18,  giving  a  dividend  of  7%  per 
cent  to  stock,  and  7.3  cents  an  hour  to  labor. 

XI.  1848 

The  secretary's  record  ceases  late  in  1847,  or  rather  the  record 
book  is  written  full,  so  that  the  inference  is  fair  that  there  is 
somewhere  another  volume,  completing  and  supplementing  the 
record  of  all  proceedings  after  the  year  1847. 

In  July,  an  article  in  the  Tvihune,  signed  I).  S.  said:  "I 
have  worked  in  the  various  groups  side  by  side  with  the  mem- 
bers, and  I  have  never  seen  a  more  persevering,  practical,  matter 
of  fact  body  of  people  in  any  such  movement.  Since  I  came 
here  last  fall,  I  see  a  great  improvement,  both  externally  and 
internally.  Mr.  Van  Amring'e,  the  energetic  herald  of  national 
and  social  reform,  did  a  good  work  by  his  lectures  here  last 
winter;  and  the  meetings  statedly  held  for  intellectual  and  so- 
cial improvement,  have  an  excellent  effect.  All  now  indicates 
unity  and  fraternity.  Tlie  phalanx  has  erected  and  enclosed  a 
new  unitary  dwelling,  one  hundred  feet  long,  two  stories  high, 
with  a  spacious  kitchen,  belfry,  etc.  They  have  built  a  lime 
kiln,  and  are  burning  a  brick-kiln  of  one  hundred  thousand 
bricks  as  an  exjjeriment  and  they  bid  fair  to  be  first  rate.  All 
this  has  been  accomplished  this  spring  in  addition  to  their  agri- 
cultural and  horticultural  ojierations.  Their  water  })ower  is 
small,  being  supplied  from  springs,  which  the  drought  of  the 
last  three  seasons  has  sensildy  affected.  In  adding  to  their 
machinery  they  will  have  to  resort  to  steam." 

During  this  year  the  long  building  was  white  washed  inside 
and  out,  and  the"  wood  work  of  nearly  all  of  the  house  was 
painted.     Ihe  school  house  was  white  washed  and  painted,  the 


iNoyes,  History  of  American  Socialisms,  p.  433. 


2i6  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 

windows  white,  the  panels  of  the  wood  work  a  light  yellow,  carv- 
ings around  light  blue,  the  seats  and  desks  a  light  blue. 

The  annual  report  for  this  year,  dated  December  4,  does  not 
show  gTeat  progress  in  membership,  giving  resident  members 
120,  and  29  families.  Six  families  had  withdrawn,  seven  jxjr- 
sons  had  died,  mostly  children.  The  association  declared  a 
dividend  of  Gl/4  l>er  cent  on  stock,  and  G^^:  cents  per  hour  for 
labor,  and  scheduled  its  property  at  $33,527.77. 

XII.  1849=50 

In  the  summer  and  fall  of  1840,  it  became  evident  that  a 
dissolution  and  division  was  inevitable,  and  plans  for  bringing 
tliis  about  were  finally  made.  They  determined  to  have  it  done 
by  their  legal  advisors  without  recourse  to  the  courts.  At  the 
annual  election  in  December,  1849,  the  officers  were  chosen  with 
a  view  to  that  particular  business.  They  had  already  sold  much 
of  the  personal  property  and  cancelled  much  of  the  stock.  The 
highest  amount  of  stock  ever  issued  was  about  $33,000  and  this 
was  reduced  by  the  sale  of  }xjrsonal  property  up  to  January  1, 
1850,  to  about  $23,000. 

In  anticipation  of  the  sale  of  the  real  estate,  as  a  number  of 
the  members  were  desirous  of  taking  lots  of  ground  in  the  valley, 
and  forming  a  village,  Otis  II.  Oapron,  official  surveyor  of 
Marquette  county  was  employed  to  make  a  survey,  which  was 
completed  in  June,  1849. 

Having  disposed  of  the  personal  property,  the  c(>rpt)ration 
found  itself  unable  to  sell  its  real  estate  without  the  unanimous 
consent  of  the  stockholders,  or  by  legislative  direction.  The 
original  charter  was  in  the  way  of  sale.  Accordingly,  a  bill  was 
prepared  and  presented  to  the  next  session  of  the  legislature,  and 
January  29,  1850,  an  act  passed,  amending  the  charter  so  as 
"to  allow  and  authorize  the  council  to  sell  and  convey  real  estate 
by  their  official  act ;  also  to  lay  out  and  have  recorded  a  village 
plat  with  streets  and  squares  and  public  lots." 

In  April  an  appraisal  was  made  of  all  the  lands  of  the  phal- 
anx platted  and  unplatted,  and  the  public  sale  commenced,  mak- 
ing the  appraisal  the  minimum,  and  leaving  any  land  open  to 
entry,  after  they  had  been  offered  publicly.     During  the  sum- 


THE    WISCONSIN    PHALANX   AT    CERESCO  217 

mer  most  of  the  lands  were  sold,  and  most  of  the  stock  cancelled 
in  this  way,  under  an  arrangement  by  which  each  stockholder 
should  receive  his  proportional  share  of  all  surplus,  or  make  up 
any  deficiency.  Most  of  the  members  bought  either  farming 
lands  or  village  lots  and  became  permanent  inhabitants,  thus 
continuing  the  society  and  its  influences  to  a  considerable  ex- 
tent. They  divided  about  eight  per  cent  above  par  on  their 
stock.  Inspection  of  the  ledgers  of  the  corporation  leads  to  the 
conclusion  that  this  eight  per  cent  dividend,  was  composed  of 
the  seven  i)er  cent  declared  in  the  summer  of  1849,  after  selling 
the  personal  property,  and  a  one  per  cent  dividend  which  was 
paid  wken  the  affairs  were  finally  closed  up  in  1852. 

For  some  reason,  a  new  survej^  of  the  village  of  Ceresco  was 
made  by  Capron,  April  5,  1850,  which  is  the  one  referred  to  in 
conveyances  of  lands  in  Ceresco.^ 

All  of  the  sales  of  real  estate  were  made  in  consideration  of 
stock  of  the  corporation  surrendered  and  cancelled.  Members 
who  did  not  desire  real  estate,  or  who  did  not  have  enough  stock 
to  procure  anything  of  value,  found  a  ready  market  for  their 
shares  of  stock  so  that  they  had  no  trouble  in  converting  them 
into  cash.  For  example,  William  S.  Brockway,  who  was  never 
a  member,  purchased  twelve  and  one-half  sliares  of  stock  of 
Benjamin  Simons,  and  then  bid  in  a  tract  of  land  including  the 
bed  of  the  creek  and  three  lots  in  Ceresco,^  paying  therefor 
these  shares  of  stock.  As  an  indication  of  values  at  that  time, 
William  Starr  secured  the  10  acres  including  the  heart  of  the 
South  Woods  for  $140  in  stock.  Mrs.  Isabella  E.  Hunter  was 
assigned  sixty  acres  for  $312.50.^ 

The  leader  in  planning  and  executing  the  settlement  was  War- 
ren Chase.  Even  the  preparation  of  the  deeds  bears  evidences 
of  his  workmanship,  and  the  accounts  are  all  kept  in  his  familiar 
cramped  handwriting.     Thus  he  was  from  the  beginning  to  the 


lA  mutilated  copy  of  this  survey  is  recorded  in  the  office  of  the  reg- 
ister of  deeds.  Fond  du  Lac  county,  book  of  plats,  I,  p.  8. 

2  East  half  of  sec.  20,  west  half  of  section  21;  lots  6  and  7  in  block 
1,  and  lot  5  in  block  8.     Register  of  deeds.  Fond  du  Lac.    Vol.  O,  p.  545. 

3  Ibid,  p.  252. 

15 


2i8  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 

end  the  active  mind  of  the  association,  and  had  through  the 
entire  period  of  the  operations  the  confidence  of  its  members. 

XIII.   Social  and  Religious  Life 

There  is  but  little  evidence  concerning  the  social  and  relig- 
ious life  of  the  association.  Of  what  is  now  available,  much 
is  conflicting,  doubtless  depending  upon  the  point  of  view  of 
the  various  witnesses. 

The  president  in  his  annual  report  for  1845,  says:  "The 
study  and  adoption  of  the  principles  of  association  have  here 
led,  as  they  must  ever  do,  all  reflecting  minds  to  acknowledge 
the  principles  of  Christianity,  and  to  seek  through  those  prin- 
ciples, the  elevation  of  man  to  his  true  condition :  a  state  of 
harmony  with  God  and  with  Nature.  The  society  have  reYi^-- 
ious  preaching  of  some  kind  almost  every  Sabbath,  but  not  uni- 
formly of  that  high  order  of  talent  which  they  are  prepared  to 
appreciate.  *  *  *  The  social  intercourse  between  the 
members  has  ever  been  conducted  with  a  high  toned  moral  feel- 
ing, which  repudiates  the  slanderous  suspicions  of  those  enemies 
of  the  system,  who  pretend  that  the  constant  social  intercourse 
will  corrupt  the  morals  of  the  members.  The  tendency  is 
directly  the  reverse." 

He  further  affirmed  that  the  society  maintained  religious 
meetings  and  Sabbath  schools,  conducted  by  members  of  various 
denominations,  "with  whom  creeds  and  modes  of  faith  are 
of  minor  importance  compared  with  religion." 

In  June  1848,  the  charge  was  made  in  the  Investigator  that 
the  phalanx  was  irreligious,  to  which  one  of  the  members  replied 
in  these  words:  "Some. of  us  are  and  have  been  Methodists, 
Baptists,  Presbyterians,  Congregationalists,  etc.  Others  have 
never  been  members  of  any  church,  but  with  very  few  exceptions 
very  readily  admit  the  authenticity  and  moral  value  of  the 
Scriptures.  The  ten  commandments  are  the  sum,  substance, 
and  foundation  of  all  true  law.  Add  to  this  the  gospel  of  love, 
and  you  have  a  code  of  laws  worthy  of  adoption  and  practice  by 
any  set  of  men,  and  upon  which  associationists  must  base  them- 
selves, or  they  never  can  succeed.  There  are  many  rules,  doc- 
trines, and  interpretations  of  Scriptures  among  the  so-called 


THE  WISCONSIN  PHALANX  AT  CBRESCO  219 

orthodox  churclies,  that  any  man  of  common  sense  cannot  assent 
to.  EVen  thej  cannot  agree  among  themselves.  *  *  *  If 
this  difference  of  faith  and  opinion  is  infidelity  or  irreligious, 
we  to  a  man  are  infidels  and  irreligious;  but  if  faith  in  the 
morality  and  principles  of  the  Bible  is  the  test,  I  deny  the 
charge.  I  can  scarcely  name  an  individual  here  that  dissents 
from  me.  I  have  been  a  member  of  the  Methodist  Episcopal 
church  for  about  twenty  years,  and  a  Methodist  local  preacher 
for  over  three  years,  and  am  now  secretary  of  the  association. 
I  therefore  should  know  something  about  this  matter."^ 

After  the  dissolution  of  the  organization,  a  member  of  the 
corporation  wrote:  "It  was  a  great  reading  community;  often 
averaging  as  much  as  five  or  six  regular  newspapers  to  a  family, 
and  these  constantly  exchanging  with  each  other.  They  were 
not  religious  but  mostly  rather  sceptical,  except  a  few  elderly 
orthodox  persons."^ 

A  Methodist  itinerant  writes  of  the  association: 

Soon  after  their  settlement,  Reverend  William  G.  Sampson,  presiding 
elder  of  the  Green  Bay  district,  visited  the  place  and  held  the  first 
religious  service  of  which  I  can  obtain  information.s  Not  long  after, 
the  minister  in  charge  of  the  Winnebago  Lake  mission  at  Oshkosh  vis- 
ited Ceresco,  and  formed  a  class  of  seven  members.  The  names  as  far 
as  ascertained  were  Reverend  Uriel  Farmin  and  wife,  Mrs.  Morris 
Farmin,  Mrs.  Beckwith,  and  George  Limbert.  The  first  named  was 
appointed  leader.  ********  xhe  people  of  Ceresco  were 
always  gratified  to  receive  attention  from  the  outside  world,  and  their 
hospitalities  were  proverbial.  And  though  a  few  of  the  men  were 
professed  infidels,  they  always  received  ministers  gladly  and  treated 
them  with  consideration.  They  were  especially  gratified  to  have  re- 
ligious services  held  among  them,  and  the  ringing  of  the  bell  would 
generally  ensure  a  good  audience.  The  dining  nail  was  used  as  a 
chapel  until  a  more  convenient  place  was  provided  in  the  erection  of 
a  large  school  house.  *  *  *  At  the  close  of  the  services  the  table 
was  spread  for  dinner  and  I  was  assigned  the  head  of  the  table,  with 
the  president  of  the  association  at  my  right  and  the  vice-president  at 


iThis  was  probably  written  by  Uriel  Farmin,  one  of  the  original 
members.     Noyes,  History  of  American  Socialisms,  p.  435. 

^Ibid,  p.  443. 

«Thia  is  an  error,  since  one  of  the  members,  George  H.  Stebblns,  a 
Baptist  minister,  held  service  the  first  Sunday  after  the  arrival  on  the 
domain,    Mitchell,  History  of  Fond  du  Lac  county. 


220  WISCONSIN    HISTORICAL    SOCIETY 

my  left  Both  of  these  gentlemen  were  decidedly  infidel  in  their  views, 
and  have  since  become  somewhat  distinguished  as  champions  of  un- 
belief. *  *  *  The  president  on  one  occasion  tools  the  freedom  to 
say,  "Though  I  am  not  a  believer  in  Christianity,  yet  I  think  there  is 
nothing  in  the  world  that  can  so  effectually  harmonize  the  views  and 
blend  the  sympathies  of  the  community  as  these  religious  services."  i 

Tlie  Eev,  Franklin  G.  Slierrill,  first  pastor  of  the  Congrega- 
tional church  of  Ripon,  wrote  to  the  Iloine  Missionary  Society 
Jan.  16,  1851,  shortly  after  his  arrival: 

It  is  more  particularly  the  religious  life  of  Ceresco  that  I  wish  to 
notice.  At  the  settlement  of  the  place  members  of  more  than  a  dozen 
families  belonged  to  evangelical  churches.  Hence  at  first,  religious 
services  were  held  with  tolerable  regularity  upon  the  Sabbath,  a  Sunday 
school  was  organized  and  a  weekly  prayer  meeting  held.  Before  long 
religion  began  to  decline,  the  prayer  meeting  and  Sunday  school  were 
gradually  abandoned,  the  Sabbath  services  became  more  and  more 
infrequent  and  finally  almost  ceased.  Soon  the  church  members,  and 
even  the  minister  who  had  preached  to  them  were  seen  in  the  ball- 
room and  kindred  places,  and  at  least  all  belief  in  the  truth  was  given 
up,  and  in  its  place  were  adopted  various  phases  of  infidelity.  The 
Bible  was  and  still  is  rejected  and  laughed  at  as  an  obsolete  book  by 
many  who  in  its  place  embrace  the  "revelations"  of  Davis  the  clair- 
voyant. At  last  these  infidels  as  if  in  derision  of  religion  met  to  or- 
ganize a  church.  The  question  arose,  what  shall  it  be  called?  One 
connected  with  the  association  and  who  did  not  exactly  understand  the 
object  of  the  meeting,  proposed  "The  Church  of  Christ";  but  this  name 
was  soon  dismissed.  "No,  no,"  said  they,  "this  name  will  not  suit." 
They  decided  in  favor  of  "The  Church  of  Humanity." 

This  sham  church  existed  about  six  weeks.  A  Fourierite  Sunday 
school  established  at  the  same  time  and  in  which  no  Bible  was  to  be 
admitted,  died  also  at  the  close  of  the  same  period. 

The  Reverend  Chitting  Marsh,  an  early  Presbyterian  divine, 
says  that  "Mr.  Chase,  in  speaking  to  Mr.  Lathrop  of  th^  prog- 
ress of  the  infidel  principles  at  Ceresco,  said  when  they  first 
went  there  thirty  families  had  prayers  morning  and  evening, 
but  then  not  one.  This  conversation  took  place  after  the 
Fourierite  establishment  had  been  in  operation  some  three  or 
four  years."  ^ 


iMiller,  W.  G.,  Thirty  Years  in  the  Itineracy.     (Milwaukee,  1875), 
p.  146. 
2  Journal,  May  23-June  17,  1850.    Wis.  Historical  Soc.  MSS. 


THE  WISCONSIN  PHALANX  AT  CERBSCO  22 1 

Socially,  the  members  enjoyed  themselves  to  a  greater  degree 
than  was  possible  for  most  pioneers.  After  the  hard  day's  work 
was  over,  (and  the  evidence  all  shows  that  they  worked  very 
hard  indeed,)  "the  evenings  were  divided  between  business  and 
sociality.  Monday  night  there  was  a  business  meeting  of  the 
council ;  Tuesday  evening  there  was  a  meeting  of  the  Philolath- 
ian  society,  various  subjects  were  discussed  and  a  paper  read 
called  the 'Gleaner.'  ********  On  Wednes- 
day evening  a  singing  school  was  held.  A  dance  and  social 
enlivened  Thursday  evening.  There  was  no  meeting  Friday 
evening.  Saturday  evening  was  a  general  meeting  for  reports 
from  foremen."^  Captain  JVIapes  records  that  the  phalanx 
having  in  their  midst  a  good  band  of  music  held  frequent  cotil- 
lion parties,  and  they  had  some  very  fine  dancers.  ^ 

XIV.  Cause  of  Dissolution 

There  has  been  much  speculation  as  to  the  cause  of  the  disso- 
lution of  the  Wisconsin  phalanx.  Many  reasons  have  been 
given  but  it  is  probable  that  none  of  them  alone  is  sufficient  to 
account  for  the  dissolution.  Everett  Chamberlain  says: 
"Chroniclers  have  been  at  a  loss  to  find  a  cause  for  the  failure 
of  a  scheme  of  association  so  successful  in  outward  seeming  as 
the  Ceresco  colony  was.  Human  nature  was  the  rock  on  which 
this  fine  ship  split,  as  did  all  other  argosies  bearing  the  banner 
of  Owen  or  Fourier.  In  one  case — ^as  at  Sylvania — 'it  will 
appear  to  be  adversity;  in  another — as  in  Ceresco — prosperity 
which  shatters  the  timbers  of  the  venturesome  craft."" 

The  association  was  formed  with  the  highest  of  motives,  the 
members  at  the  commencement  having  been  actuated  by  the 
desire  to  improve  society;  but  as  time  went  on,  the  love  of  as- 
sociation as  a  new  social  principle  was  lost  to  view  and  the 
phalanx  became  a  mere  business  corporation  which  differed  but 
little  in  principle  from  modern  co-operative  experiments.  It 
is  this  fact  which,  more  than  any  other,  caused  the  breaking  up 
of  the  Wisconsin  phalanx.     There  came  a  time  in  it.s  history 


iButterfield,  History  of  Fond  du  Lac  County. 
2Mapes,  History  of  Ripon,  p.  89. 
3  Ibid,  p.  95. 


222  WISCONSIN  HISTORICAL   SOCIETY 

when  the  membership,  no  longer  being  bound  together  b}^  the 
motives  of  tenevolence,  wished  to  dissolve  their  connection  with 
the  association  because  they  thought  they  could  do  better  else- 
where. It  may  be  that  witli  buman  nature  constituted  as  it  is, 
such  a  period  was  inevitable  in  the  history  of  the  organization.; 
perhaps,  if  we  may  judge  from  this  experiment  and  others  of 
like  character,  the  desire  for  dissolution  must  inevitably  arise 
in  every  such  organization. 

John  Humphrey  Noyes  closes  his  account  of  the  Wisconsin 
phalanx,  as  follows:  "Mr.  Daniels,  a  gentleman  who  saw  the 
whole  progress  of  the  Wisconsin  phalanx  says  that  the  cause  of 
its  breaking  up  was  speculation,  the  love  of  money  and  the  want 
of  love  for  association.  Their  property  becoming  valuable,  they 
sold  it  for  the  purpose  of  making  money  out  of  it."^  All  of 
the  evidence  tends  to  show  that  this  was  the  true  reason  for  the 
dissolution. 

It  may  be  asked  why  the  members  of  the  association  should 
lose  their  affection  for  the  socnal  principle  which  had  actuated 
them  at  the  commencement.  Several  causes  had  their  influence 
in  bringing  this  about.  In  the  first  place,  comparatively  few 
of  the  original  membership  actually  went  upon  the  domain  to 
work  out  in  practice  the  theories  which  they  liad  espoused.  As 
])eople  came  into  the  town  of  Ceresco,  looking  for  land  and  a 
place  to  settle,  the  phalanx  made  every  effort  to  induce  settlers 
to  become  members,  especially  when  the  prospective  settler  had 
money  in  his  possession,  since  the  phalanx  was  very  badly  in 
need  of  money.  The  consequence  was  that  many  members  were 
taken  into  the  organization  who  were  not  imbued  with  any  such 
motive  as  had  actuated  the  first  members.  Much  of  the  new 
membership  to  start  with  had  no  love  for  association  as  a  socio- 
logical principle.  To  them  it  was  but  a  business  enterprise, 
also  attracting  them  by  virtue  of  the  fact  that  the  social  condi- 
tions on  the  domain  Avere  so  much  more  desirable  than  elsewhere 
on  the  prairie,  and  because  of  their  belief  that  it  was  a  good 
business  policy  to  invest  in  the  phalanx.  Add  to  this  the  fact 
that  the  membership,  which  was  at  first  so  loyal  to  the  principle 


^History  of  American  Socialisms,  p.  447. 


THE  WISCONSIN   PHALANX   AT   CERESCO 


223 


of  association  on  Fourier's  plan,  gradnally  fell  away  and  lost 
zeal  for  those  principles.  Consequently  it  Avas  but  a  question 
of  time  before  these  l(X)sely  bound  materials,  of  which  the  phal- 
anx was  composed,  should  disintegrate  from  forces  arising  from 
within. 


Plat  of  Phalanx  Lands  showing  location  with  reference  to  present  City  of  Ripon 
and  the  old  plats  of  Cerosco  and  Ripon.  (1)  Ceresco  Pond,  made  by  Phalanx. 
(2)  (lotliic  Mill  Pond  (belonging  to  period  .subsequent  to  Phalanx). 


The  written  evidence  which  has  been  preserved,  contains  no 
hint  that  there  was  any  thought  of  a  dissolution  at  the  time  of 
the  annual  statement  in  December,  1848.  The  first  suggestion 
is  found  in  the  following  summer.     Wliat  had  arisen  in  the 


224  WISCONSIN   HISTORICAL   SOCIETY 

meantime  to  produce  a  general  desire  for  dissolution  ?  TNvo 
facts  may  account  for  this,  the  California  gold  excitement,  and 
the  establishment  of  the  village  of  Ripon.  How  far  the  gold 
excitement  affected  the  membership  at  this  time,  has  not  been 
determined ;  but  the  establishment  of  the  village  on  the  hill  to 
the  east  of  the  phalanx  must  have  had  a  strong  influence  on  the 
minds  of  many  of  the  members.  Captain  Mapes  had  secured  an 
agreement  with  Governor  Horner,  whereby  the  former  platted 
the  village  of  Ripon  in  a  portion  of  the  coveted  quarter  section, 
upon  which  he  had  had  his  eyes  for  four  years,  and  was  offering 
inducements  for  settlers  to  locate  in  this  new  town.  Large 
things  were  expected  of  the  new  village.  The  spirit  of  expect- 
ancy and  of  speculation  was  in  the  air.  Surely  there  was  more 
money  to  be  made  out  of  building  a  village  and  selling  the  lands 
than  in  continuing  the  operation  of  a  large  farm.  This  spirit  of 
expectancy  must  have  been  contagious  as  is  evidenced  by  the 
fact  that  the  plat  of  Ceresco,  in  June,  1849,  was  made  so  soon 
after  the  village  of  Ripon  was  decided  upon,  in  April,  1849. 

Another  disintegrating  force  that  operated  during  the  life  ol 
the  phalanx  was  the  fact  that  so  little  cash  was  allowed  the  mem- 
l)ers.  The  constitution,  charter  and  by-laws  permitted  divi- 
dends on  stock  and  the  compensation  for  labor  to  be  paid  in 
stock  or  cash  at  the  option  of  the  council.  Many  of  the  mem- 
bers put  into  the  concern  all  of  the  money  that  they  had  and 
consequently  with  each  annual  report  they  must  have  become 
more  and  more  dissatisfied  because  they  had  no  money  given 
them,  either  as  interest  on  their  investment  or  as  compensation 
for  labor.  So  far  as  the  record  goes,  all  dividends  were  paid  in 
stock  each  year;  thus  the  members  were  compelled  to  look  to 
the  future  for  their  gains.  They  were  permitted  to  draw  out 
of  tlie  oomipany  produce  at  its  actual  cost  price,  which  was  fixed 
by  the  company,  but  aside  from  this  they  had  no  actual  remun- 
eration except  in  stock  during  the  years  of  tlie  life  of  the  pha- 
lanx. When,  in  the  latter  part  of  1847,  tlie  council  adopted  the 
l)olicy  of  redeeming  the  stock  of  any  miember  desiring  to  with- 
draw, the  privilege  was  taken  advantage  of  by  the  holders  of 
alx)ut  $2,000  worth  of  stock,  and  during  the  next  year  quite  a 
nuimlx?r  more  also  availed  themselves  of  tliis  provision.     The 


THE  WISCONSIN  PHALANX  AT  CERESCO  225 

consequence  was  that  all  of  the  ready  money  of  the  phalanx  was 
used  during  these  years  in  redeeming  stock,  and  not  in  enlarg- 
ing tlie  operations  of  the  association.  This  had  a  dishearten- 
ing eifect,  of  course,  upon  those  menibers  who  were  compelled  to 
receive  their  dividends  in  stock ;  the  only  way  that  a  man  could 
get  any  inioney  out  of  the  corporation  was  to  withdraw.  The 
resolution  to  redeem  stock  was  made  for  the  purpose  of  nuak- 
ing  the  members  more  contented;  yet  its  direct  result  was  to 
hasten  the  dissolution  and  to  give  members  a  miotive  for  leaving 
the  association. 

It  has  been  asserted  that  one  of  the  reasons  tending  to  the 
ultimate  division  and  dissolution  of  the  corporation  was  that 
die  members  grew  dissatished  with  the  common  or  unitary  life 
which  tJie  association  canied  out  so  far  as  practicabla  "In 
1845,  the  question  arose  as  to  whether  dwellings  should  be  built 
in  unitaiy  blocks  adapted  to  a  common  boarding  house,  or  in  an 
isolated  style,  adapted  to  a  single  family  and  single  living.  It 
was  decided  by  a  small  majority  to  pursue  the  unitary  plan  and 
this  policy  was  persisted  in  until  there  was  a  division  of  the 
property.  Whether  this  Avas  the  cause  of  failure  or  not,  it  in- 
duced many  of  the  best  members  to  leave,  and,  although  it  might 
have  been  the  true  policy  imder  other  circumstances  and  for 
other  persons,  in  this  case  it  was  evidently  wrong,  for  the  mem- 
bers were  not  socially  developed  sufficiently  to  maintain  such 
close  relations."^ 

XV.  Conclusion 

The  peculiarities  which  differentiated  the  Wisconsin  phalanx 
from  otlier  like  experiments  were  these  facts :  that  the  originator 
and  organizer  retained  throughout  the  experiment  tlie  confi- 
dence of  the  members,  and  attended  to  all  the  affairs  incident  on 
closing  up  tlie  business;  that  on  the  division  of  its  property,  a 
premiiun  was  paid ;  that  no  law  suit  ever  occun*ed  during  its 
history.  The  truth  is,  it  was  pecvmiarily  a  success,  but  socially 
a  failure. 


1  Noyes,  History  of  American  Socialisms,  p.  443. 


226  WISCONSIN  HISTORICAI.   SOCIETy 

TIio  following  is  the  epitaph  written  for  it  by  its  loader,  War- 
ren Chase: 

Born  in  the  spring  of  1844,  in  Southport,  Wisconsin;  nursed  and  edu- 
cated by  several  teacliers,  but  principally  by  the  Ladies  Advocate  [Mr, 
Chase];  married  in  1845  by  the  Territorial  Legislature  to  the  Statutes 
of  Wisconsin  (the  wife  died  when  the  territory  became  a  state);  cer- 
tified by  Gov.  Talmadge;  settled  and  lived  in  town  sixteen,  range  four- 
teen, which  is  named  Ceresco,  in  honor  of  Ceres,  a  corn  goddess,  of 
which  it  was  a  worshipper;  grew  and  flourished,  and  controlled  the 
town  for  several  years,  until  it  took  sick,  first  of  chills  and  fever,  and 
finally  of  a  severe  fever,  which  weakened  its  vital  powers,  until  in 
1850  it  died,  quietly  and  resignedly,  having  reigned  six  years  tri- 
umphantly, and  put  all  enemies  under  its  feet,  by  its  justice  and  honor. 
Owned  a  large  farm,  which  was  divided  among  its  children,  greatly 
improving  their  estates  and  leaving  all  but  the  Lone  One  better  than 
it  found  them.  Had  been  a  great  stock  and  grain  grower,  raising  in 
one  season  as  high  as  ten  thousand  bushels  of  wheat.  Had  one  genius 
who  did  most  of  its  preaching  and  law  business,  and  others  who  at- 
tended to  the  sanitary  department.  Never  used  intoxicating  drinks, 
nor  allowed  them  on  its  farm.  Never  used  profane  language,  nor  al- 
lowed it,  except  by  strangers.  Never  had  a  law  suit,  nor  legal  counsel. 
Had  little  sickness,  and  no  religious  revivals.  Never  had  a  case  of 
licentiousness,  nor  complaint  of  immoral  conduct.  Lived  a  strictly 
moral,  honest,  upright  and  virtuous  life,  and  yet  was  hated,  despised, 
abused,  slandered,  lied  about  and  misrepresented,  in  all  the  country 
about,  mostly  by  preachers.  Kept  a  school  of  its  own  all  of  the  time. 
Took  five  or  six  newspapers  in  each  family.  Stopped  work  on  Sunday 
to  accommodate  the  neighbors,  and  rung  its  bell  for  meetings.  But 
they  danced  without  rum,  or  vulgarisms,  or  profanity.  They  had  meet- 
ings without  prayers,  and  babies  without  doctors.  But  it  was  pre- 
maturely born,  and  tried  to  live  before  its  proper  time  and,  of  course, 
must  die  and  be  born  again.i 


''^Life  Line  of  the  Lone  One. 


576 
W75 
1900- 
1902 


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