UNIVERSITY O
ILLINOIS LIBRARY
AT URBANA-CHAMr'AK
ACES
UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS
AGRICULTURE LIBRARY
1988 Insect Pest Management Guide
COMMERCIAL VEGETABLE CROPS
Restricted-use insecticides are identified with an asterisk (*).
You must be certified as a pesticide applicator to use restricted-use pesticides.
See your county Extension adviser in agriculture for information.
Commercial vegetable gardeners find it impossible
to produce vegetables profitably unless they can control
insects at maximum efficiency and minimum cost. To-
day's cook will not accept unsightly or wormy vegetables;
not only are wormy fruits and vegetables unappetizing
but the waste from trimming increases food costs. Thus
the commercial grower must produce a quality product
that is acceptable and safe to the consumer. Careful use
of the right insecticides will make this possible.
Insect pest-management programs, which include the
wise selection of cultural, mechanical, biological, and
chemical methods, are suggested for the major insect
pests of vegetable crops. Insecticides, though, are still
the most efficient means of managing most insects.
This suggested insecticide guide has been prepared
for use by Illinois commercial vegetable farmers; it is
not for home gardeners, who should use only those
insecticides that are extremely safe to handle, apply, and
store. Furthermore, the commercial vegetable grower
must use a wider variety of insecticides than the home
gardener in order to obtain maximum insect control at
the least cost.
In using insecticides, always read the label and care-
fully follow the instructions. Do not exceed maximum
rates suggested; observe the interval between application
and harvest, and apply the product only to crops for
which use has been approved. Make a record of the
product used, the trade name, the percentage content
of the insecticide, the dilution, the rate of application
per acre, and the dates of application.
Some of the insecticides suggested here can be poi-
sonous to the applicator. In using them, the commercial
grower is expected to use precautions to protect himself
or herself, all workers, and any family members from
undue or needless exposure.
In using this guide, always refer to the table on the
next page, which lists the limitations and restrictions on
use. These limitations apply to the vegetables as human
food. If you use any portion of a vegetable for livestock
food (tops, stalks, etc.), refer to product labels for
instructions on the intervals required between applica-
tion and feeding.
The chemical names used in these tables may be
unfamiliar to you. These names are the common chem-
ical names and as such are not capitalized. Trade names
are capitalized. In the table of limitations the common
names are listed first and trade names are listed in
parentheses following the common name. Throughout
the tables of suggestions, however, trade names are
usually used. In case you have a question, refer to the
table of limitations.
These suggestions are subject to change without
notification during the growing season.
Check with your county Extension adviser if you are
in doubt about the insecticide you plan to use. We will
make announcements of label changes through news-
letters and the news media to keep you up to date.
Requested label clearances for a few uses of insec-
ticides, carriers, and solvents are uncertain for 1988,
since many requests have not been officially cleared.
Anticipating needed changes in labeling, we began mod-
ifying these suggested uses a few years ago.
Insecticides are being classified for general use or
restricted use by the U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency. Anyone who wishes to use an insecticide clas-
sified for restricted use must be certified as a private or
commercial pesticide applicator by the Illinois Depart-
ment of Agriculture. Contact your county Extension
adviser in agriculture for details on this program.
A few insecticides have been classified at this time.
More will be classified later.
Suggestions for the effective use of insecticides from
a practical standpoint are based on available data. Soil
textures, pH of the soil, rainfall, slope of the field, wind
velocity at planting, method and accuracy of application,
and other unpredictable factors affect efficient \
Prepared by Roscoe Randell, Extension Entomologist
UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE COOPERATIVE EXTENSION SERVICE
In cooperation with ILLINOIS NATURAL HISTORY SURVEY CIRCULAR 897 (revised annually) November, 1987
AUG
Insecticide
LIMITATIONS FOR FIELD VEGETABLES IN DAYS BETWEEN APPLICATION AND HARVEST
AND OTHER RESTRICTIONS ON USE OF INSECTICIDES IN ILLINOIS
(Blank spaces indicate that the material is not suggested for the specific use in Illinois)
Broc- Brussels Cab- Cauli- Horse- Rad- Tur- Egg- Pep- Toma-
Beans Peas coli sprouts bage flower radish ish nip Onions plant pers toes
acephate (Orthene)
*Asana
Bacillus thuringiensisi . . .
carbaryl (Sevin)
*carbofuran (Furadan).,
chlorpyrifos (Lorsban) .
diazinon
dimethoate (Cygon). . . ,
*fonofos (Dyfonate)
*ethion
*fenvalerate (Pydrin)3. . .
malathion
*methomyl (Lannate,
Nudrin)
*mevinphos (Phosdrin) .
♦Monitor
naled (Dibrom)
*permethrin (Ambush,
Pounce)
*phorate (Thimet)
rotenone
trichlorfon (Dylox)
14
OA
3,A,B
OA
3A,C
1, 5F
0
3
H
5
7
H
3
3
3
1
21
1
U
3C
0
3
H
3
3
21
1
U
21
3C
0
3
H
7
3
H
3
7
1
1
35
1
U
21
3C
0
3
H
5
7
H
3
7
3
3
28
1
U
21
3 3, 14F
H
10
10
14
22
3
4
28A
H, 1
10
H,I
H
7D
0
7
7D
0
21G
IE
0
0
IE
1
10
1
21
1
21
Insecticide
Pota- Col- Let- Spin- Swiss Sweet Cucum- Mel- Pump- Squash1
toes lards Kale tuce ach chard corn bers' ons' kins' Winter Summer
* Asana
Bacillus thuringiensis2
carbaryl (Sevin)
*carbofuran (Furadan)
chlorpyrifos (Lorsban)
diazinon
dimethoate (Cygon)
*fonofos (Dyfonate)
*fenvalerate (Pydrin)3
malathion
*methomyl (Lannate, Nudrin) . .
*mevinphos (Phosdrin)
*Mocap
naled (Dibrom)
*permethrin (Ambush, Pounce)
*phorate (Thimet)
*terbufos (Counter)
trichlorfon (Dylox)
3K
0
C
3K 3K
0
C
3
3
3
1
3
0
C
3K
0
C
3K
0
c
u 1J
3Q
* Use restricted to certified applicators only.
1 Apply insecticides late in the day after the blossoms have closed to
reduce bee kill.
2 The trade names are Bactur, Dipel, Thuricide, and Sok Bt.
3 Only root crops indicated on label can be planted following appli-
cation. For all other root crops, wait 12 months before planting.
REENTRY INTERVALS FOR WORKER PROTECTION
Insecticide
Hours
azinphosmethyl (Guthion) 24
demeton (Systox) 48
ethion 24
parathion 48
Workers must wear protective clothing if they enter treated
fields before the time intervals shown at the left. They must
also wear protective clothing for all other insecticides applied
if the spray has not dried or the dust has not settled.
A. Do not use tops for feed or food.
B. Do not exceea 0.1 lb. a.i. per acre.
C. Do not exceed 0.4 lb. a.i. acre.
D. Do not exceed 0.35 lb. a.i. per acre.
E. Do not exceed 2 lb. a.i. per acre.
F. If tops or stover are to be used for feed.
G. Not more than twice per season..
H. Soil applications at planting time only.
1. Do not use on green onion crop.
J. Not more than 8 times per season.
K. Do not exceed 0.25 lb. a.i. per acre.
L. Not more than 4 applications per season.
M. Not more than once per season.
N. Not more than 6 applications per season.
P. Not after edible portions or heads begin to form.
Q. Not more than 3 times per season.
ASPARAGUS
Insect
Time
of attack Insecticide
Pounds of active
ingredient per acre
Placement
Timing of application
Asparagus
(NHE-49)
beetles
Early and mid- Sevin1
season on spears malathion'
and ferns
1
Spears and
ferns
As needed, not more often than every
3 days.
Cutworms
(NHE-38)
Early and *Ambush,
mid-season Pounce
0.01-0.02
Spears
As needed.
* Use restricted to certified applicators only. ' One-day restriction between last application and harvest.
BEANS
Insect
Time
of attack
Insecticide
Pounds of active
ingredient per acre
Placement
Timing of application
Seed maggots
(NHE-27)
All season
diazinon
50% W.P1
Lorsban
25% W.P'
3/5 oz./bu.
2 oz./bu.
Seed
Seed
Treat seed no longer than 3 months
before planting.
*Thimet G
I/2
Soilband
Place on either or both sides of row at
planting but not in contact with seed.
Bean leaf beetles
(NHE-67)
Early and
late season
Sevin
malathion
1
1
Foilage
When feeding first appears and weekly
for 2 or 3 applications as needed.
Leafhoppers
(NHE-22) and
Plant bugs
(NHE-68)
All season
Sevin
Cygon
malathion
*Lannate,
Nudrin
1
0.3
1
0.45
Foliage
Before plants become yellow and
stunted. Repeat applications at weekly
intervals as necessary.
*Thimet G
1/2
Soilband
As for seed maggot.
Mexican bean
beetles
Midseason and
late season
Sevin
malathion
/2
1
Foliage
When occasional leaves show lacework
feeding.
*Thimet G
1/2
Soilband
As for seed maggot.
Aphids (NHE-47)
All season
Cygon
malathion
0.3
1
Foliage
Usually applied when a few aphids can
be found on each plant, but before
leaves begin to curl and deform.
*Thimet G
l'/2
Soilband
As for seed maggot.
Blister beetles
(NHE-72)
Midseason and
late season
Sevin
1/2
Foliage
As needed.
Corn earworms
(NHE-33)
Corn borers
Late season
Orthene
Sevin
*Lannate,
Nudrin
2/s
1/2
0.45
Foliage
As needed, but usually after August 20.
Worms may be present before bloom.
Mites
Midseason and
late season
Cygon
0.3
Foliage
As needed, but especially during drouthy
periods particularly if carbaryl has been
used on crops.
*Thimet G
1/2
Soilband
As for seed maggot.
Use restricted to certified applicators only. ' No restrictions when used as recommended.
PEAS
Insect
Time Pounds of active
of attack Insecticide ingredient per acre Placement
Timing of application
Caterpillars, June
*Lannate,
including loopers
Nudrin
/2-1
*Asana
0.025-0.05
*Pydrin
0.1
Foliage
Before harvest if worms are present.
Aphids
May-June
Cygon
Foliage
As needed.
* Use restricted to certified applicators only-
CABBAGE AND RELATED COLE CROPS
Insect
Time
of attack
Insecticide
Pounds of active
ingredient per acre
Placement
Timing of application
Cabbage maggots' All season
(NHE-44)
diazinon
Dyfonate
Broadcast Disk in just before planting. Use only
for cabbage, cauliflower, and broccoli.
diazinon G
Furrow At time of planting; on turnips a
drenching spray of 1 lb. diazinon should
be applied 30 days following treatment.
diazinon
Lorsban
Lorsban
4 oz. per 50 gal.
transplant water
3 oz. 4E per
1 ,000 ft. of row
1 oz. 4E per
1,000 ft. of row
Furrow 6 fl. oz. transplant water per plant.
Transplant drench to cabbage, broccoli,
and cauliflower.
Radishes only.
Aphids (NHE-47)
Thrips (NHE-48)
All season
Cygon
malathion
*phosdrin
*Monitor
0.3
1
Va
1
Foliage When aphids appear, but before leaves
begin to curl.
Cabbage loopers
(NHE-45); dia-
mond-back moth
larvae; imported
cabbage worms
All season
Bacillus
thuringiensis
*Pydrin
*Asana
*Lannate,
Nudrin
*Monitor
*Ambush,
See rates
on label
0.1-0.2
0.025-0.05
0.45-0.9
1
Foliage When small worms first appear, and
about every 5 to 7 days thereafter.
Thorough spray coverage of foliage is
important.
Pounce
0.1-0.2
Cutworms
At planting
*Asana
*Pydrin
Dylox
0.025-0.05
0.1-0.2
1
Base of plants As needed.
Flea beetles and
leafhoppers
All season
Sevin
*Asana
*Pydrin
1V6
0.025-0.05
0.1-0.2
Foliage As needed.
E.C. = Emulsion concentrate; W.P. = wettable powder.
* Use restricted to certified applicators only. 'Maggots are resistant to diazinon in some areas of Illinois.
COLLARDS, KALE, LETTUCE, SPINACH, SWISS CHARD
Insect
Time
of attack
Pounds of active
Insecticide ingredient per acre Placement
Timing of application
Aphids (NHE-47) All season
diazinon
V4
Cygon
0.3
*Phosdrin
%
Dibrom
1
Foliage As needed.
Cutworms
On seedling
plants
Dylox'
Base of plant When first damage appears,
and soil
Leafhoppers
All season
Sevin
Cygon
malathion
0.3
1
Foliage When first leafhoppers appear, and as
needed.
Caterpillars
All season
Bacillus
See rates
(NHE-45)
thuringiensis
*Lannate,
on label
Nudrin2
0.45
Dibrom
1
Foliage When small worms first appear and
every 5 to 7 days thereafter.
Leaf miners
All season
diazinon
Cygon
0.3
Foliage When first miners are observed.
Flea beetles
All season
Sevin
Foliage As needed.
* Use restricted to certified applicators only.
' Do not use on
2 Use limited to
spinach or Swiss chard,
lettuce and spinach only.
CUCUMBERS AND OTHER VINE CROPS1
Insect
Time
of attack
Insecticide
Pounds of active
ingredient per acre
Placement
Timing of application
Striped and
spotted cucumber
beetles (NHE-46)
Seedling to
mature plants
Sevin
*Furadan G
1
2
Foliage
Soil
When beetles first appear; as often as
necessary thereafter. Apply Furadan at
planting or transplanting.
Aphids (NHE-47)
All season
diazinon
Cygon2
malathion
Vi
0.3
1
Foliage
When aphids become noticeable.
Squash bugs
(NHE-51)
All season
*Ambush,
Pounce'1
Dylox3
0.2
1
Foliage
Do not appy until first eggs are found
hatching (about June 15 to July 15);
controls only nymphs.
Leafhoppers
July-August
*Asana
*Pydrin
malathion
Cygon2
*Ambush,
0.025-0.05 Foliage
0.1-0.2
1
0.3
As needed.
Pounce4
0.1-0.2
Squash vine
borers
June-
September
Sevin
*Pydrin
*Asana
1
0.1-0.2
0.025-0.05
Base of stem
for 3 ft.
Weekly applications when vines begin
to run — usually 5 applications.
Pickle worms
August-
September
Sevin
*Pydrin
*Asana
1
0.1-0.2
0.025-0.05
Foliage
Weekly applications, beginning in late
August.
Mites
July-
September
Cygon
0.3
Foliage
As needed.
Cutworms
(NHE-77)
April-June
Sevin
2
*Asana
0.05
*Pydrin
0.2
*Ambush,
Pounce4
0.1-C
Base of plants As needed.
* Use restricted to certified applicators only.
1 Spray vine crops with insecticide only late in the day after blossoms have closed to reduce bee kill. 2 Do not use Cygon on cucumbers.
3 Pumpkin is the only vine crop for which Dylox can be used for squash bug control. 4 Pumpkin and cantaloupes only.
ONIONS
Insect
Time Pounds of active
of attack Insecticide ingredient per acre Placement
Timing of application
Onion maggots
(NHE-50)
All season
diazinon W.P. !/2-l for 40-50 lb. Seed
of seed
*ethion W.P. 1 for 40-50 lb. of
seed
diazinon
diazinon
malathion
Seed treatment for set onions only. Use
lighter dosage of diazinon on sandy,
highly mineral soils.
diazinon G
I/2-I
*Dyfonate
1
*ethion G
V2-2
Lorsban G
1
Furrow Use 1 lb. active ingredient per acre for
rows 12" apart; V* lb. for rows 18" apart;
V2 lb. for rows 24" apart. Up to twice
these amounts are needed for ethion
on muck soils. Do not use Dyfonate, or
Lorsban on green onions.
Broadcast Preplanting; disk into upper 1 to 2
inches of soil. Supplement with foliage
spray below.
Vi Foliage
1
Supplemental to soil treatment. Make
first application when first adult flies
are seen; make another 1 week later.
From then on only as necessary.
Thrips (NHE-48) Midseason and diazinon
late season malathion
Foliage When injury first appears and every 10
days as necessary.
* Use restricted to certified applicators only.
Insect
Time
of attack
Insecticide
PEPPERS
Pounds of active
ingredient per acre Placement
Timing of application
Aphids (NHE-47) May-July
Cygon
*Lannate,
Nudrin
Orthene
0.3
0.45
Foliage Only when aphids are present. Add to
borer spray when it is being used.
Corn borers Late season
Sevin
Orthene
*Furadan
Foliage and When fruit is present on plant. Apply
fruit every 5 days when borers are present.
2-3
Soilband to Make 2 applications; first, 3 weeks after
transplant transplant, second, 5 weeks later.
Flea beetles Early season *Asana
Orthene
0.025-0.05
Foliage When shiny, jumping beetles are pres-
ent.
* Use restricted to certified applicators only.
POTATOES
Time
Pounds of active
Insect
of attack
Insecticide
ingred
ient per acre
Placement
Timing of application
Flea beetles
May-July
Sevin
*Furadan G
1
3
Foliage
In furrow
When damage first appears on
leaves. Repeat as needed.
Planting time.
the
*Furadan F
1
Foliage
As needed.
*Asana
0.025-0.05
Foliage
As needed.
*Pydrin
0.1
Foliage
As needed.
*Lannate,
* Nudrin
0.45
Foliage
As needed.
Ambush,
* Pounce
0.1
Foliage
As needed.
Colorado potato
beetles; cutworms;
May-July
Sevin
*Furadan G
2
3
Foliage
In furrow
As needed.
Planting time.
potato leafhoppers
(NHE-22)
*Furadan F
Cygon
*Asana
1
0.3
0.025-0.05
Foliage
Foliage
Foliage
As needed.
As needed.
As needed.
*Pydrin
0.1
Foliage
As needed.
*Ambush,
Pounce
0.1
Foliage
As needed.
*Thimet G
2-3
Soilband Place on either or both sides of row at
planting, but not in contact with seed.
Use the lower rate on sandy soils, the
heavier rate on heavy soils. Do not use
on muck soils.
Aphids (NHE-47) All season
Cygon
0.3
*Lannate,
Nudrin
0.45
Foliage
As needed.
*Thimet G
2-3
Soilband
Same as for leafhoppers.
Blister beetles
(NHE-72)
All season
Sevin
l'/2
Foliage
As needed.
Wireworms
(NHE-43)
White grubs
(NHE-23)
All season
*Thimet G
2-3
Soil
Preplanting, disk in; or use as soilband
at planting.
Grasshoppers
(NHE-74)
July-
September
Sevin
Cygon
3/4
0.3
Foliage As needed, control in fence rows, road-
sides, ditch banks, etc., before migra-
tion.
* Use restricted to certified applicators only.
SWEET CORN
Insect
Time Pounds of active
of attack Insecticide ingredient per acre Placement
Timing of application
Corn
rootworm
(NHE-26)
June-July
""Counter G
1
Furrow
*Dyfonate G
1
Row
*Furadan G
1
Furrow
Lorsban G
1
Row
*Mocap G
1
Row
*Thimet G
1
Row
Rootworm control may be needed if the
field was in corn the previous year and
was not sprayed.
Cutworms
(NHE-38)
April-June
*Asana
Lorsban 4E
0.025-0.05
l'/2
Base of plants
Broadcast
When first damage appears.
Flea beetles
(NHE-36)
April-July
Sevin1
*Furadan G
I'/s
1
Foliage
Furrow
As necessary.
At planting.
Japanese beetles
(NHE-32)
July-
September
Sevin'
1
Ear zone
As necessary.
First-generation
corn borers
May-June
Sevin'
*Pounce,
Ambush
2
0.1-0.2
Foliage
If needed make first application in late
whorl stage. Repeat in 5 to 7 days.
Second-
July-
*Ambush,
generation
September
Pounce
0.1-0.2
Tassel
corn borers
*Furadan2
0.5
Ear zone
Processing corn: Observe light traps for
borer adults. When there are 50 or
more trapped per night and 1500 or
more heat units (base 50) have accu-
mulated, spray at row tassel and every
5 to 7 days until 10 to 12 days of harvest.
Fresh market corn: Apply first spray at
row tassel and additional corn earworm
treatments will control corn borers.
Corn earworm
June-
September
*Lannate
Nudrin
*Ambush,
Pounce
*Pydrin
*Asana
Fresh market corn: Treat at first silk and
0.45 Ear zone every 2 to 4 days for 4 to 6 applications.
Processing corn: Observe pheromone
0.1-0.2 traps, if more than 10 moths per night,
0.1-0.2 aPP'v a borer spray during early silking
0.025-0.05 period and repeat if necessary.
Sap beetles
(NHE-10)
Picnic beetles
July-
September
Sevin'
diazinon
malathion
2
1
1
Foliage
When adults first appear in field; usually
between pollen-shedding and silk-
drying.
Corn leaf aphids
(NHE-29)
July-
September
malathion
1
Foliage
As needed to produce attractive ears
for fresh market.
Fall armyworms
July-
September
*Lannate,
Nudrin
0.45
Foliage
Apply to ear zone when whorl feeding
is evident.
* Use restricted to certified applicators only.
' During pollen shed, apply Sevin as late in the day as possible (preferably after 4 p.m.) to reduce bee kill. 2 Corn borer control only.
TOMATOES AND EGGPLANT
Insect
Time
of attack
Insecticide
Pounds of active
ingredient per acre
Placement
Timing of application
Cutworms
Early and
Sevin
(NHE-77)
midseason
*Asana
*Pydrin
Dylox
2 Base of plants As needed.
0.025-0.05 or foliage
0.1-0.2
1
Flea beetles
May-June
Sevin
*Asana
2 Foliage
0.025-0.05
Apply every week as long as needed,
Aphids (NHE-47) May-July
diazinon
Cygon1
malathion
0.3
1
Foliage
As needed, but before leaves curl.
Use restricted to certified applicators only. ' Use cleared only on tomatoes.
TOMATOES AND EGGPLANT, continued
Insect
Time Pounds of active
of attack Insecticide ingredient per acre Placement
Timing of application
Cabbage
loopers
July-
September
Bacillus
thuringiensis
*Asana
*Pydrin
*Lannate,
Nudrin
See rates
on label
0.025-0.05
0.1-0.2
0.45-0.9
Foliage
When loopers are present.
Corn earworms
Corn borers
Hornworms
July-
September
Sevin
*Asana
*Pydrin
*Lannate,
2 Foliage
0.025-0.05
0.1-0.2
Add to weekly applications of fungicide
sprays beginning at first fruit set when
first small worms appear.
Nudrin
0.45-0.9
Mites
July-
September
Cygon1
0.3
Foliage
As needed.
Blister beetles
(NHE-72)
June-
September
Sevin
VA
Foliage
As needed.
Fruit flies and
picnic beetles
August-
October
Sevin
diazinon
2
'/a
Foliage
When flies or beetles first appear.
* Use restricted to certified applicators only. ' Use cleared only on tomatoes.
FOR ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
You can obtain the following circulars on insect
control from the Office of Agricultural Publications,
University of Illinois, 54 Mumford Hall, 1301 W. Greg-
ory Drive, Urbana, Illinois 61801.
Circular 899, 1988 Insect Pest Management Guide — Field
and Forage Crops
Circular 900, 1988 Insect Pest Management Guide — Home,
Yard, and Garden
Circular 1076, 1988 Turfgrass Pest Control
Leaflets describing the life history, biology, and habits
of some of the insects mentioned can be obtained from
the offices of county Extension advisers or by writing
to Entomology Extension, 172 Natural Resources Build-
ing, 607 E. Peabody Drive, Champaign, Illinois 61820.
These are indicated by an NHE number in the tables.
FOR YOUR PROTECTION
Always handle insecticides with respect. The persons
most likely to suffer ill effects from insecticides are the
applicator and his family. Accidents and careless, need-
less overexposure can be avoided. Here are a few easy
rules that, if followed, will prevent most insecticide
accidents:
1 . Wear rubber gloves when handling insecticide
concentrates.
2. Do not smoke while handling or using insecticides.
3. Keep your face turned to one side when opening
insecticide containers.
4. Leave unused insecticides in their original con-
tainers with the labels on them.
5. Store insecticides out of reach of children, irre-
sponsible persons, or animals — preferably in a locked
cabinet.
6. Triple-rinse and bury or burn all empty insecti-
cide containers or take them to an approved sanitary
landfill.
7. Do not put the water-supply hose directly into
the spray tank.
8. Do not blow out clogged nozzles or spray lines
with your mouth.
9. Wash with soap and water exposed parts of body
and clothes contaminated with insecticide.
10. Do not leave puddles of spray on impervious
surfaces.
1 1 . Do not apply insecticides to fish-bearing or other
water supplies.
12. Do not apply insecticides, except in an emer-
gency, to areas with abundant wildlife or to blossoming
crops visited by bees. Avoid drift onto blossoming crops
or onto bee hives.
13. Do not apply insecticides near dug wells or
cisterns.
14. Do not spray when weather conditions favor
drift.
15. Observe all precautions listed on the label.
16. To avoid bee kill, apply insecticides after bee
activity has been completed for the day; use the least
toxic materials. Warn beekeepers that you are appying in-
secticides.
Issued in furtherance of Cooperative Extension Work, Acts of May 8 and June 30, 1914, in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Agriculture.
WILLIAM R. OSCHWALD, Director, Cooperative Extension Service, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. The Illinois Coopeative Extension
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