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1. ATTITUDSS
A. Education
1. Secular
a« Elementazyi Higher (High
School and College)
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III B 2
II B 1 c (1) Abendpost . April 30, 1937.
GSRIvLU^"
Q^T^T -T O
SRMAI^ STUDS1JT3 ;vT TH2 :T0RTH;V33TI]R1^ UNIVSRoIIY
•a
The German department of the Northwestern University gave a soiree last
night in the music building at University Place and Orrington ^wenue in 7]^
Evans ton.
The principal perforrrance of the evening was the art play, ''An American
Duel'' , by Lloser.
I
7f
I A 1 a
GEmiAK
Abend£ost, Apr. 9, 1935 •
THE GREkT wall
(3ditorial)
As Emperor of Germany, V/illiam II often had clever ideas, but the carrying
out of these ideas was bungled in most cases. The system of exchange
professors was one of these ideas. At that time the "traditional friendship^
between the United States and Germany did not exist merely on paper. The
Kaiser and President Roosevelt were really close friends, and the German
Ambassador, Speck von Sternburg, was one of the most intimate of the Rough
Rider •s associates. The system of exchange professors actually worked out
very well, but the effects were naturally confined only to a small circle.
In the deafening clamor of the World War the voices v/hich came from the
quiet studies of the scholars had to fall silent.
A movement has been in progress for many years to force members of the
teaching profession to take a special oath of loyalty, and in many states
E m. s
c4- <b/i
I A 1 a - 2 - GERIvj^^
Abendpost, Apr. 9, 1935.
this teacher's oath has already been introduced by action of the state
legislatures. Of special interest is the debate which preceded the
adoption of a law of this sort in the Maryland Legislature. The ^*Free State
of Maryland,^ which used to pride itself on its free institutions and its
liberalism, and v/hich was one of the very fev/ states which steadfastly
refused to ratifj'' the Prohibition Amendment, has degenerated, and is today
a supporter of nationalism.
During the debate on the bill it was stated, openly and emphatically, that
the chief purpose which the proposed law v;ould serve v/as the exclusion of
foreign educators. One of the most ardent supporters of the bill was
John F. k'cNulty, State Commander of the American Legion of Mar3''land.
J.:cNulty considers that he is chiefly resiDonsible for the passage of the bill,
and he is very proud of it. The bill has now been passed in both houses of
the Legislature and is in the hands of the Governor, v/ho vjill sign it in all
probability. ^:eanwhile a Baltimore newspaper has called IvIcNulty's attention
to the fact that a number of foreign professors are on the faculty of Johns
Hopkins University, and are considered to give distinction to that old andy^
I A 1 a - 3 - Gam^AN
Abendpost , Apr. 9, 1955.
famous educational institution. If the bill becomes law the university v/ill
lose these Drofessors.
Mr. V.cNulty has obviously not thought of that, for he has stated in public
that foreif^n professors might be registered as '^lecturers" and thus be
permitted to keep their positions. !Ve are here faced v/ith this peculiar
spectacle, that the very man v/ho, more than any other, is responsible for
the passage of the bill, is already lookinf^ for loopholes to prevent the law^s
being enforced. But nuite aside from this consideration, the fact remains
that the spirit of nationalism is spreading in this country. The idea of an
exchange of professors, which necessarily involves an exchange of ideas, is
dead and buried. Today, instead, many public figures are attempting to build
a great wall around the country in order to shut out all the ideas and movements
which develop in some other country.
I A 1 a
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GSHLIi\N
Abendpost , Dec. 8, 1934.
MILITARY TRAINING IN TH3 HIGHiSR EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS
(Editorial)
According to a recent decision of the Supreme Court of the United States,
students in colleges and universities which have received financial support
from the Federal Government in the form of extensive land grants for this
purpose to the states in which these institutions are located, must either
take the stipulated military training or leave these institutions and ma-
triculate elsewhere.
In individual institutions of higher learning obligatory military training
has, especially since the V/orld War, frequently been attacked and sharply
criticized. It is maintained in these circles that this form of training
instills a warlike spirit in our young people, while it v/ould be much pre-
ferable to further the spirit of world peace.
Without going into the justice or injustice of these and similar complaints.
I A 1 a
I G
O
T J. I., ^-^ ,
Abendpo.<=^t, Dec. 8, 19:54.
the Supreme Court affirmed that it is the duty of every citizen to defend
his country, and that the Constitution exempts no one v;ho is physically
able. 3o long.ss ^var is a possibility, e'^evy country must reckon with
this possibility.
/
Obviously the Court v\^as influenced in its decision ""^y ^^^ arguments of the
Attorney Ceneral that it is in the interest of the whole country for the
i^erican youth to receive a certain amount of militarir training, so that in
an emergenc^T" the relatively small standing army of the United states c^uld
be strengthened, and nvold being cr^ished bj^ a superior force.
The original law v;hich made military training in the institutions of higher
learning obligatory, even thourh the institutions receive only indirect
support from the Tederal Covernment, stems from, the year 186^, and was en-
acted during Abraham Lincoln's administration.
liir%«
I A 1 a - 3 - aE^!.!A^y
I G
Abendpost, Dec, 8, 1934*
Today there are about seventy such educational institutions In the United
States, of which twenty-six are state universities. Naturally, no student
can be compelled to attend one of these institutions; but if he does enroll
there, he must, according to the Supreme Court's latest decision, undergo
the prescribed course of military training. In accordance with the same
decision, it is the duty of every citizen ^to defend the country against
all enemies to the best of his ability, and only Congress has the right to
make exceptions for people who object to this service for religious or other
reasons '*• The decision states explicitly that it can in no wise be con-
sidered an infringement of the constitutional rights of American citizens
for students to be compelled to undergo military training if they wish to
attend certain educational institutions, even if Congress had never made
such a stipulation.
Under these circumstances it is difficult to suppose that any success will
attend the efforts being made to induce Congress to change the law and make
military training at our institutions of higher learning optional instead
of obligatory.
^ I A 1 a GERMAN
Abendpost, Oct. 20, 1934.
SAPLINGS IN TROUSERS ON STRIKE
(Editorial)
Twenty-six pupils of an elementary school in Milwaukee have staged a strike the
carrying out of which is an outri^t paragon of childish ability to observe and
to emulate ^he actions of adults/; at the same time it throws a rather odd light
upon the art of education as practiced in this country.
Basically, this strike of saplings of the sixth, seventh, and eight grades WlS
ludicrous* They demanded — what is humanly understandable — shorter school hours
and longer vacations, abolition of homework (which they seem to have felt to be
especially irksome) and— only Heaven knows why — provision of more sandpaper for
use in the instruction of manual arts.
Otherwise, the strike appears to have been quite amusing to those not interested
in it. The leaders of the strike leaped up, at an agreed moment, in their school*
rooms, proclaimed the strike, and stormed out into the schoolyard. Ihere they
I A 1 a - 2 - GBHMAN
Abendpost> Oct, 20, 1934.
formed processions of strikers, carrying posters and shouting their demands
with much force of lungs. Sharpshooters, equipped with blowing tubes and
catapults, bombarded the windows with pebbles and peas, in short the saplings
deported themselves entirely like their respectable parents, except that the
latter employ bricks in place of peas in similar instances.
One could dismiss the whole strike of the pupils as a cheap joke and go on with
our ix)utine work, had the affair not shown us once again the weak spots in our
educationeil system.
Hand in hand with weak discipline at school stands, in most cases, a complete
lack of discipline in the home. No wonder, therefore, that we read that the
school principal was helpless when confronted with that boyish prank in Milwau-
kee. The respect she enjoyed at the hands of her pupils was probably not great,
because she finally had to call for police intervention to restore peace and
order in the school. All the schoolboys failed to do was to shoot at the police
with their blovrilng pipes.
I A 1 a - 3 - GEHMAN
Abendpost . Oct. 20, 1934.
The strike of Milwaukee boys is undoubtedly a product of the spirit of our times,
which seems to have thoroughly infected the world of these trousered saplings, ^
for whom school has been a necessary evil where games and carefree gayety have
reigned supreme. As the adults strike, so seem the young ones to strike, emula-
ting their elders in a most exemplary manner. The unconcerned bystander seems
to think it advisable to administer to the little strikers, in place of the
larger quantity of sandpaper demanded, a few doses of other mibbing remedies,
so as to cure them of hankerings for strikes. Much more desirable, however,
o
CO
ro
CJTf
although to our regret not possible of execution, v/ould be the adequate educa- ;^
tion of the teaching personnel, of whom the majority lacks understanding of how
to assert and maintain their authority.
I A 1 a
I A 3
Ghi:^.!AiT
Abendj)jost, -aug, 20, IS 34.
iiT^^ICSIOr^ 07 Tllz, SCHOOL Fl^a^RAL!
(Editorial)
Next week, accoruinf: to reports, the Chicago teachers v;ill receive the money
due them, for v;hich they have been waitinr; a lone ti:.'ie. It would really be
desirable if this cruel game wer*^ ended, fortlie employees of the ochool
Board have been v;aiting lonr* enough i'or their v/ell-earned salaries, and have
been disaT^pointed so often that orobably they have completely lost their be-
lief in mankind. Lloreover the case is, in many respects, instructive. It
shows how a lofty bureaucracy can complicate even the slnplest matters, and
in this way cause endless mischief.
The money was on hand, the lean v;as legally authorized, the riecessary safe-
guards were oresent; but the teachers liave not yet received their pay. The
occurrence further shows that the old -:)roverb: *'If two do the same thing, then it
is not the same," still holds true. A local newspaper, which attacks the City
administration every day for its extravagance and careless financial policies,
I A 1 a - 2 - GERr>li\IT
I A 3
Abendpost, Aug. 20, 1934*
considers it quite in order for this administration to borrow ^^22, 500, 000
from the Chicago School Board. For this is the attitude about borrov^ing
this money: It is thoughtless, reprehensible, even criminal, if others get
the money; but it is good and honorable and statesmanlike, if we get it....
It is to be feared that this great act of giving aid to the teachers will
have a serious sequel. It drev; the attention of the school politicians to
the fact that Uncle Sam still has some money at his disposal, and they would
very much like to annex it. As is well known, the organized school politicians
have been trying, for a long time, to enlarge the school system. Their aim is
to place more teachers, of both sexes, on the pay roll. Up to the present
their success in carrying out this plan has been attained by the creation
of new departments and their inclusion in the school curriculum. Now they are
seeking to gain their ends by another method.
As has been reported, forty thousand teachers are to be employed to do away
with illiteracy, ii/hat is meant by this can be seen from the following state-
ment: •♦The school program will be expanded in such manner that two million
I A 1 a
I A 3
Z
GSRT^T
Abend post, Aug. 20, 1934,
people are reached whose forrral education is not in conformity with the
requirements of the cities and states.*' Hence, anyone whose education does
not meet with tlie aooroval of the school politicictns must go back to school,
so that the defects in his education can be corrected under expert leader-
ship. Formerly the school politicians were satisfied if they had the chil-
dren to practice tneir profession on; now they want tine adults, too. And
they may v/ell f^et what they are after!
I A 1 a
AJ^
T?
>►
Abendpost. July 7, 1934.
EDCCATicii ;j:d exphhieuce
(Editorial)
In these nidsirnner days, the national Educational .-i-ssociation holds its annual
neeting in the country*s capital. Ihis orp^anization is an association of
teachers, men and v;onen, and it is natural that at their meetincs they v/ill
deal v/ith school problems. They ./ill first deal v/ith the problen of hov/ to
obtain more money for school purposes, the II. l-.. A., as it is called in our days
of initials, is firriily convinced that the country will find its salvation from
the school. The school is a panacea for all evils*, it can solve all problemsl g
s
It is c^nerally knovm that, in this country, most cities are either bankrupt or y
are almost bankrupt. The states are not better off, and this is why the IT.E.A. C3'
turns trustingly to the Federal Government. It seems to assume that, v/hen all ^
others are broke, then the Federal ecvernnent must be v/adinc in money. True
to an adage by Goethe, "Only hoboes are modest," organized teachers v/ill de-
mand half a billion from Uncle Sam. It seems that it v;ill remain onl3'' a demand •
I A 1 a - 2 - GERMAN
Abendpost, July 7, 1934*
Q^ulte Indignant are those who came to the meeting, because Piresident Roosevelt
has not come to welcome them personally. At present, the President is on board
the cruiser Houston in the waters of the West Indies* At the time he was being
sharply criticised by the N«E*A« he was visiting with his colored colleague,
Stenio Vincent, the president of Haiti. He had instructed Genered Hugh S. John-
son, head of the N.R.A*, to represent him and to make the usual speech at the ^
N«S.A» General Johnson, however, is sick, and at the present is not in Washing- ^
ton. So it happened that the great convention of the N.E.A. was shamefully -^
neglected by the most high personalities. rj
At all popular entertainments of this sort the '^dear fatherland" is the main o
thing. Likewise in this case. The special representative of the fatherland ^
was, in this case, the national commander of the American Legion, Edward A. Haynes. ^
He gave the assembled educators of our youth a thoroughly good piece of his ^
mind and declared, among other things, that among the teachers of hi^ schools
and professors of universities there are high traitors who implant into the
youth revolutionary ideas and, by a subterfuge, seek to spread the red part
I A 1 a
GEHI.J\II
Abendpost, July 7, 1954.
of the Star-Span^led Beuiner over the entire flag.
Such assertions are not nev;. In nany states, as v/ell as in Illinois, they
have resulted in the passage of lav;s according to v;hich all persons engaged
in teaching nust pledge themselves, by oath, to uphold the flag of patriotic
conviction and of the Constitution, 'Jhere is a colossal naivete in believ-
ing that a teacher v/hc is given to the ;;crship of destructive tendencies v/ill
let hir.iself be prevented, by such an oath, fron injecting those tendencies in-
to the r.inds of pupils. Even Lr. Ilaynes, in his angr^^" aduress, made the dec-
laration that every nan has the ririit to think v;hat he will. But he must not
make propaganda for his ideas if by so doing he offends the rights of others.
3y that, the commander of the Legion hit the nail upon the head, but only theo-
ratically. In practice, no one is able to hold his convictions to himself .
forever, especially if he is a teacher and has before him youths eager for in-
formation. V.liether or not he v/ants to do it, his ideas, liis convictions must
appear in his lectures. In this point the N.m.A. has become untrue to its tradi'
Ala - 4 - an:?! ViN
Abendpost > July 7, 1934,
tion. Its heads and leaders have often fitly been designated as school
politicians; but this? tiiio they entirely fcrcot polities and stratecy. In
spite of the adrrionitions of the fuest froii the i^ierican Le£.:ion, they en-
thusiastically endorsed a resolution in favor of unlii.dted academic freedom
of teachinc.
This shov/s rioral cour^i-^e and merits unreserved recognition. It is also evi- ^
dence of clear insifht and national thinlcinr. j'or freedor.i of rese-^rch and ^
instruction is the foundation of over:' scientific endeavor, and it is not F=
feasible to ask every teac}ier in hi::h school or university to renounce it. Z^
It is perhaps not totally unju3tifie<l that teachers and professors are often pg
raoroached for radical tende/icies. 'Iheir oc»cuT)ation is such that they are 2
particularily exposed to such tendencies, fl-ie danf-er, hov;ever, that these
teachers may rear a Generation of rcvolutioni::ts and rebels is not {^reat.
ITor the purely academic atmosphere of the classroom fav^..rs radical ideas. (Sic I)
V.Tien these younr people v;ill no lon,':er subsist on their paront^.l money, v/hen
I A 1 a - 5 - GEHMAII
Abendpost, July 7, 1934.
rough reality talzes then by the scruff of the neck, then they v;ill soon enough
realize that the v.'onderful ideas intended to beautify the nations are not
applicable in practical life. In conTorr.iity vjith an old Latin adage, v/e do not
learn for the school but for life. And yet life is bound to alter many things
in a sv;ift and basic v/ay v;hat v/e have learned in school.
or
I A 1 a GERMAN
• I H
AbendpoBt , July 5, 1933#
BiUAL EDUCATIONS OPPORTDNITIES FOR ALL
ClTlllzed countries have long demanded that their youth of all strata be
edTforded the same opportunities for education. This is only true, however , ^
of the lower branches of learning; for, if we were to include university ^
training, we would find that this demand has not yet been fulfilled in any ^
count ry« Ordinarily it is a prerogative of the wealthy, or at least the ^
upper middle class, to give their children a university training. But in
spite of that, it is a well-known fact that not all young people who are
financially able to afford a foxmal university education are taking advan-
tage of this opportunity. Perhaps they simply lack interest, but on the ,>o
other hand, poor yo\mg people make desperate attempts to complete their
education, sometimes at the sacrifice of everything else* In countries with
high educational standards, as in Germany, one can observe a constant change
and turnover in the academic professions* Whereas children of academically
trained parents do not always decide on an academic career, children of
parents who are not college graduates are constantly entering the academic
I A 1 a - 2 - GBHLL^
I H
Abendpost , July 5, 196'6.
professions. But the influx was much greater in Germany, v;ith the unfortu-
nate result that there v/ere hundreds of thousands of academically trained
people who could not have secured positions in their professions even in
normal tLnes* Naturally, there are many among these many thousands who ^
passed their examinations with only an average rating, or even by a hair's 5
breadth. 7fliether these would have made good in practical life seems very -r^.
doubtful, considering the great responsibility attached to these professions. p
Let us just mention the teachers in the higher institutions of learning, the ^
judges and also the physicians. Overeducation of a people promotes mediocrity o
in the academic professions, and this undoubtedly constitutes a great danger T^
for the nation. The social prestige which accompanies an academic profession S
proves an irresistible incentive for countless people of lesser talents to ^
squeeze themselves laboriously through examinations and a formal university
education. No v/onder that in Germany, the country of overeducation, the
standards of the examinations are being steadily raised. One has realized
by now that it is better for many ambitious people to remain out of the
academic professions because they are not equal to the demands made upon them.
I A 1 a - 3 - GgRLIAII
I H
AbendpQ3t> July 5, 1933»
In Genaany, especially, a university training is made all the more difficult
by the fact that the prerequisite for the university, the various Gymnasien>
as well as the Oberrealschulen, entail an added expense for the parents • In
spite of this barrier, there are far too many academically trained people in
the Reich. -^
The National Council of Education adopted a resolution at the Convention of p:
the National I^ducation dissociation v;hicli demands equal educational opportuni- rj
ties for everybody in America. This also includes free university training Z9,
for alll V/e are amazed at such a resolution. The conditions which would S
prevail in this country if formal university training were not protected by c;
the barbed v/ire of high expenses apparently does not enter the imagination L^-
of the spiritual fathers of this resolution, /tmerica forged ahead of other "^
coiintries with her educational system v/hen she made high school attendance
a free affair. If, in addition to that, a university education could be
obtained for nothing, a stampede for the universities would ensue, v/iiich would
lead to an unbearable overfloodin,-; of all academic professions within a few
I A 1 a • 4 . GSBMAN
I H
Abendpost , July 5, 1933*
years* There again mediocrity would be encouraged and would lower tlie stan-
dards of these professions « There are more opportunities for all kinds of
education in this country than in any other country in the world* The full-
time day worker may acquire a comprehensive education by attending night r?
school courses* And the really talented one will eventually find his way in- 12
to the acadoiic field— the place for vdiich his talent had predestined him. ^
But the great masses should be restrained from pursuing an academic career F
rather than encouraged* Mple opportunities exist here in Merica to satisfy ^
the thirst for free knowledge of any description* The barrier which surroxmds o
the academic professions could not very well be broken down in the future*
Only the elite can gain admittance* The fortune of birth will always be the
decisive factor in making a selection* The prospective academician must have ^^
either wealthy talent, or personal connections to achieve the goal of his am-
bition« The substitution of a systematic selection for a natural one had
best be left to a future generation.
Ca5
I
I A 1 a GERMAN
I P 6
Abenipost. June 20, 1933.
SCHOOL BOARD FORCED TO ECONOillZE
(Editorial)
Tlie Chicago School Board has elected a special committee to make recommenda- .^
tions relative to further economy in the operation of the school system* ^
This committee will begin work tcoiorrow. Years of mismanagement have made ^^
it imperative that measxires of economy be introduced. The School Board p
owes a debt of f 132 » 840 , 000 , which was incurred during its eighteen years ^
of operation* This leads us to believe that during its entire existence ^
the Board has operated on a deficit* Money was spent hand over fist; if ^
receipts were not sufficient to cover disbursements, the Boazxl sinqply made ^
new debts* The final result of this mismanagement was that the teachers Dn'
were forced to wait months for their salaries, and finally, to take recourse
to public demonstrations in order to get their pay*
It can be readily understood that this financial condition affected the
I A 1 a - 2 - GERMAN
I P 6
Abend po St > June 20 , 1933*
«Qtir« system adversely* A teacher worried with financial cares cannot
instruct as well as one who is assured of earning his daily bread. No one
could blame the teachers; they, too, are human. On the contrary, the
public sympathized with the teachers in their desperate battle for their
wages. But there is no doubt that the quality of instruction suffered, and
thus the children became the innocent victims of the poor business methods
of the Board. That is to be regretted more than anything else, for the
lack of a thorough educaticm is usiially regretted later in life. Tills
fact proves irrefutably that the sound principle of a balanced budget should
again be observed in the operation of our schools.
Ck'.
CD
ro
It is certainly not imi>ossible to economize. In the first place it can be ^
done in school operation* Many of the higher-paid positions within the
school system could be dispensed with, without impairing the education of
the children. It will be necesscu:y to retrench considerably in this respect;
and, since these hi^-salaried positions are usually filled by persons who
hold other positions in the system, it would work no hardship if they were
eliminated*
I A 1 a - 3 - GERMAN
I F 6
Abendpost, June 20 , 1933 •
Then again » economy can also be practiced in the division of instruction*
Many subjects which require a great amount of special equipment would not
be missed if they were abolished* This equipment is expensive^ and the
monqr might well be saved* These subjects should be omitted from the
curriculum if the money in the treasury is not sufficient to purchase the
necessary facilities and equipnent. Not practical education, but general
theoretical knowledge which in later years may be supplemented by practical
experience, is the chief purpose of our elementccry and secondary instruc-
tion* We are thinking of the typevfriters which were purchased for a local
school at a very unusual price~we mean at a price which was much too high,
not too low* And then again when we hear that even powder and rouge are
regarded as necessary equipment for the purpose of instructing girls in
the art of applying cosmetics, we get an idea of the superfluous articles
irtiich are bought by the School Board* Expensive machines for practical
instruction in schools are an unnecessary luxury which we cannot afford
today* Their operation alone costs a good deal of money and should be
eliminated* Aod, although it is regrettable, the elimination of certain
I A 1 a - 4 - GBBMAN
I F 6
Abendpost^ June 20 , 1933 •
branches of study as a step toward retrenchment will necessitate the dis-
missal of some teachers* In no event should purely theoretical instruction
be ctartailedy for \mder present conditions our children must not suffer
because of the mismanagement of our schools — and, certainly not with our
knowledge and consent* But instruction in manual training could be cur^
tailed or abolished without detriment to the children; it is no substitute
for practical training in any profession, and, scholastically, can hardly
be rated any higher than play*
This year the School Board was also forced to shorten the school year by
two weeks because it lacked the necessary money* It is one of the duties
of the special committee to see to it that such abridgments are not neces-
sary in the future, for the children are entitled to full-time instruction*
If the necessary attitude is adopted it will be possible to balance receipts
and disbursements* Ibere has been enougji mismanagement of Chicago* s schools;
it is about time to apply sound financial principles*
r
r
CO
re
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I A 1 d
III H
-VoenciDOGt, ^ une 23, 19','A1,
!■■■ I ■ rf^iawM^ ' '
-1 T -J- ATT
■ -J- °w ^'U . jL
'^T9r^':an-.-^^.ori3an Student voinjiittoe -r-Mito 7ort7-0ix 3c olarsh'.is for
this ?ur;0'je to .ki.': rican >tudentG
The Institute of International Mucritian aimounceG th- t forty-six
Ariericon students v;-". _1 be :iven scrhol- rs'.i ")3 to co.;olete t'.eir studies
in •l-erriam'- in t!ie n3:cb '^cade:ic vear. The oelection v/as nade bv the
iv!'ierican-'^Tsn::fin Student dxchan;e» Th3 .V-^ari^an Gtulents ;;' o receive
3c olurs'iioo -ji .1 be sent to different univor Jltie:: in r^erlin, 3^nn,
Danzig, ?rankfurt, Zreobur:*, ^ot 'in :en, Tlajibur,;, I'oidslber--, iliel,
Leipzir^, harour,, '. .unich, on.d Tu":in';en. In e::chan-e, about the sane
nui.iber of 3-ernan :ituv.ont3 v;i..l study at -t'cierioan u/dYc:5rsltios,
- 2 - GSHLIAN
Ahendpost . Tune 20, 1932.
The student exchange between the United States and Germany started
again in 1924. Since that time about six hundred students had the
opportiinity to complete their studies abroad.
The American-German Student Exchange is financed by the Carl Schurz
Memorial Foundation, Philadelphia, and managed by the Institute of
International Education in conjunction with the German Academical
Exchange Service, Berlin.
The selection for the coning academic year, made from air.ong two
hundred candidates, include the following students from Chicago and
surrounding territory: Dorothy L. Grosser, River Forest, 111.,
Oberlin College, German Literature; Kenneth M. Grubb, Ciiicago, 111.,
Miami University, German literature; and Howard E. Short, Chicago
Heights, 111., Hartford Seminary, Theology. /-^ ^>
I A 1 a n.m.^^
ir¥T-a 5^™AN
II B 1 d
jj g 2 Abendpost , Hay 16, 1930.
' A GSRI£AN EV^INa BY TH^: MJ^RIOM STUDENTS
* • ,
The activities of the Grerman Society of Northwestern University have
always had a touch of significance. Yesterday's lecture and theatre
evening by American students took also an excellent course, the
program being manifold and the attendance good.
The excellent comedy "One has to get married,'* by Alexander V/ilhelmis,
performed by four students, evoked repeatedly genuine storms of
merriment, the performance of the actors being thoroughly commendable.
V/illiam V/ell excelled in the role of University Professor Jacob Zom.
Equally outstanding were Alvin Seehafer, llarie Keipel, and Helen
Dechert. The student quartet \ms rev/arded with great applause.
- 2 - GERT^l^T
Abendpost, May 16, 1930.
The audience, which had come in lar^te numbers, listened to the
lecture of Prof. Eduard Leoniardts, ta^o spoke about German folk-
songs, saying;: that through them the German people expressed their
sentiments ani feelings. He said the folk-song is an inexhaustible
source of strength for the people, pointing; out the fact that the
Germans are closely inten;oven v/ith their songs. '''Jith three things, **
he said, the Germans v/ent out into the v/orld: their strong courage,
their great faith, and tlieir songs. V/ith them they either grew or
fell. V/hen courage ceased and faith flickered, the Germans turned to
folk-songs for new strength. In them there lives a reanimated power
which pushes the German people onv/ard.
The professor vath the recital of "A boy saw a little rose," concluded.
1^
> ■'■• .: .'
o /
- 3 - GERMAN^
Abendpost. May 16, 1930.
Rudy Hille, of the German Theatre, sang the ^olk-time" and the
Schubert composition of the Goethe song* Accompanied on the piano
by Dr. Knapp, he sang a nximber of Schubert songs, v/hich were greatly
applauded^
Among those attending this successful German evening were: Dr. Ourine,
Dr. von Schroetter, Dr. Grueninger, Mr. Splicker and Mr. Voigt, of the
German faculty; Ludwig Plate and v/ife, and many others*
.^
I A 1 a
II B 2 e
II B 1 a
G-^Ri* j\l>j 1
/ ■
Abendpost, Apr. L'6, 1930
German pictures, lau^ic ana sonf^s vere presented before the students of
the University of Jhicaco at the I.iandel liall.
It v^as a very appealin(^ perforiaanc- v.hich, under the title, "A
Gernian L:.venin^:," \va^ given last nip;ht at the I,.andel hall at bvth
Street ^^no. 'university iivenue, unaer the auspices of the International
Students dissociation of Jhicago and Vicinity,
The hall i:as filled to capi^jity, not only ^^j Genaans but also \^y
an international aauiuiiee, of Vvhich probably the ;:reater pari, v.ere
stuuents.
^iS the rirst nuiiber of tie prcr-:rai;i, a fiLn of Ceriaany in all
its beauty v.as sho\-n; Geri.aan cities in their- old glory, German
- 2 -
G2RI^T
/ '<
U'
r
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/
„v
i^bendpost , ^^pr. 26, 1950.
sports in vanter c^nCi su..auer. liven the .jinich ilofbrau r-louse,
v.ith all its "drinking: horns" and tankarus, \,t^:. sho\.n to the
young spejtutors, not to ;.iention the pictures of beautiful Oerrnan
laiidscapes along the IJiine, v.Lich vdthout doubt is tne rjost beau-
tiful river of the world.
During the course of the evening, Clharle:: endsen played on the
organ a fev. ^-e/as of .^erman ^ausic by handel, ^ciiUbert, and Jhopin.
he received great applauije.
21 zither quartet played by the Geri.iaii Either Choir of Chicago and
Geriiian son>,s at the caj^pfire by the .^eriaan btudents* Ulub, concluded
Abendpost , Apr. 26, 1930.
the program.
H. Rochall, a young student, welcomed the audience and said that he
remembered the time when he actually saw many of the pictures,
which had been shown. Consul General Dr. H.F. Simon spoice in
English, expressing his pleasure for being able to participate at
the celebration. He said that he admired the young people who came
to America at an early a:'e, when they were still admissible and not
ossified, in order to expand their horizons anc benefit by the
advantages which America offered them.
Both speakers, Rochall and the Consul General, pointed with thanks
and pride to Mr. B. Dixon, the father of the German students, viio
deserves special credit for the success of the program.
i ^ ■';
r
- 3 - GERMAI^T y
I A 1 a
II B 2 g gai:.!AH
TTI ^
IV ' ^beidpost Feb. 9» 1929*
Gr.RI.^N EVRIING
Last iii.i'iit»s uiTair, w: icl. w.s ^iven by the Ger...an University students
under tl.e uusjice^ of tL^ Internutionul Students Association in the Leon t^'¥
laiuidel Hull, orovod to be a great success. The large auditorium was \^^
filled to Cttjacity....
The evenin^j begah v/ith two Ger^tan student songs. After the audience sang
the Aiiierican national anthem while standing, iittorney Leopold Saltiel took
the platror^.i i«nd s^>oke ubout student life of today. Pie oondenmed the aims of
the strict nutio:.ulisi ic circles, as well as the totally international circles
of studenos, ana suggested to adopt a golden mean as the only righeous vreiy.
In tl.cj arran^;e . rnt to exchange students of different nationalities he detected
a step i'or closer rol -.tions betwi^en individual nations, states, and races.
After several laudatory co...i.ients about the endeavors of the Geri.ian students
in Chicago, tlits first verse or thu GerL.un iiationul anthe^i was sung.
WPa i ill.) PPOJ 30275
- 2 - gkrl:an
abendj^GLt l-'eb* 9f 1929.
Ger.vian music v/^ts th.e principal content ol the entire evening. The
Ger\:ar soul speaks i;;enuinol/ and deeply through its music, which is
also well underst-4ndabl3«
Liss Anne i/urie Cxirts v/ho s-an;:^ two son^';;s by Scl.ubert received great
applause. ].:iGs Eugenic Lunberg who follo'./ed ht:;r with an offering of
threu violin solos of which the Minuet by I'ozart v/as the liveliest t
althouL:h sh« av/ukened genuine acolairi v/itl: all three.
\iith Styrian national dances which enlivened the audience, the first
Dart of thy evenin ; closed.
I A 1 a
II B 2 d (S)
IV
Til F
yoevTx^o^^ '^y ^9 i^-'7-
m. 0. L. 3gh:"I7: pn^s: :^:s :o sci^ocl
suF:^Ri*^:^MD:]:Tr i:cA!DRirr3 i^xact list
CF SCIiCOL BOOKS T'CU TIISTCiaC.iL II'ACCU:^ACi:J]5
G-^RIlU'
Dr. otto L. Schmidt, the veil kno'./n Cremcin- V".eric"'.n, presidei-t of the his-
toric'.-l society, and ins"oector of schools, •./o::t todav by order of tlie school
board, to see the school suporintendent lie aidrev/s, in ord ?r to renjove all
the pro-'^>ritir!;h ter-thooAS from tlie C'/.ica^o schools,
jr, Sch:;iidt ■icis an exsct li'^t -hich cle .rl;' indicateG that nu:nerous school
books are full of historical inaccuracies, Tl^.is list proves that little
irn-oort nee is attached to tl:^ iundam3nt:il epochs of AMericp.n history. Dr,
X MB «•
Schmidt str.tes further that the causes of the \7^.ir of independence are scarce-
ly liien-^ioned and thjit the ^/ar itself is described verv briefly.
— , »> »/
Anti-A.-.eric-m Tendenc.
i. i I. '^y
list shows further, that in not less thv.n 17 i-r-portant '•iotoric'/l books
;hich are used, in the Chic^v;© schools, uhe nar.ies of a Baron von Steuben, a
)e Kalb, a Pulaski -uid oth-i^rs --re either onl^- referred to or oi.iittod entirely
'.be'i^V'^-ost
Q
^9
19 ^7,
'v. A
T'-iG li^t of t}^os'-3 boo-:s, made up by 'Dr. '■• G. Ci::raud, president
'^Fla^-: J^-^t.y Association'' 111 be. ^ivan b^^ yr. Gtto Sclinidx t.o the school
7he re^/olu:ion, aft 3:r 11, leal to zhe declaration of independence and co
the frarainr-'* of tl:e ccnstiGiVoion,
GERMilN
I A 1 a
Abandpostt Mar* 25, 1926*
SCIENTIST HONORED.
Heidelberg to Honor Chicago Professor*
Professor George Oliver CtsiDe of Northwestern University, will^ f or services
rendered to science, soon have conferred upon him the title of honorary
doctor of the University of Heidelberg* The Scientist, who is 66 years
old, who occupied the professorial chair of Grermanic Languages in the
year 1904 published a grammar of the German language after years of
hard work, and great personal sacrifice for which, after 20 years,
he is now honored* At present he is engaged on another great work^
a graxmnar of the English language*
I A 1 a Gg:miai>[
I D 2 a (2)
Abendpost, Oct* 2, 1925#
AN INGENIOUS HEA
(Editorial)
Thank heavensl At last v^e know what is wrong with the American school. It
is not the superficial preparation of the teachers, not the superficiality
of the instruction given, not the lack of mental training, not the absence
of every attempt to train the pupils for independent thinking, not the
scattering of the school curriculum over all possible subjects of instruction
for which there should be no room in a general public school, not the play-
ful dilettantism of so-called pedagogues, not tho looseness of school
discipline, nor the unjustified fostering of youthful arrogance and impudence
as practiced in the unhealthy hot-house atmosphere of our modern schools,
which hampers their effective functioning; no, it is merely the fact that
principals and teachers of both sexes, as viell as the boys and girls, v/ear
no uniformsl It certainly sounds unbelievable that someone should have hit
upon the idea to stick all our children, together with their teachers, into
I A 1 a - 2 - GEH.1AI1
I D 2 a (2)
Abendpost> Oct, 2, 1925,
unifoimsl It is all the more incredible that this "someone^ should be a
specialist in education, v.ith many years of experience — none other than the
Superintendent of the Chicago schools. But so many odd things happen these
days that it would occasion, at best, only a mild degree of surprise to the
average person if the celebrated man in the moon should, one of these days,
let himself dovm on a rope and ask him ^^he man in the street/ for the
address of the nearest bootlegger,
ViiTiy, then, shouldn't somebody make the proposal to put the youth in uniforms?
That it is Ur# IvIcAndrev; vfho gives voice to the idea nust indeed gravely offend
the local patriotism of Chicagoans, for most of them have been regarding the
Superintendent as a wise man. But no, the archenemy of our school adminis-
tration, Idisjs Kaley of the Chicago Teachers Federation, is triumphant, Ever
since his /^.^ndrew's/ return from New York, she has been pinching him v/ith
pliers of all sorts and sizes. It seems to her that he prefers the interest
of the children to that of the teachers; this attitude of his displeases her,
^'or the aim of her life is the imion of women teachers, her purpose is to
I A 1 a
I D 2 a (2)
- 5 -
GERM^
Abendpost t Oct* 2, 1925.
make the secretary of the union a sovereign over the domain of the school.
In her opinion, vdiich is fortunately not very important, the children exist
for the sake of the teachers and not the other, way around. But this time
she is not entirely v/rong when she states that while the teachers are being
put into uniforms, one should make a good job of it and simply place numbers
on chem so as to take away all their individuality. This is a splendid idea
and should be submitted to Llr. McAndrew for serious consideration. If, in
addition, he would take the trouble to provide books in which are specified
all the questions that a teacher may ask her pupils, and the answers she is
to expect from them, then he v/ill have create:! an ideal educational plant— -
ideal, at least, for the purpose of the .American mental level. One should
not be satisfied merely v.ith uniforms if one .loes not wish to be scorned
by posterity for doing only half of the job. ^ilong v;ith the uniforms,
militarization should be introduced. The Superintendent would take charge
as commanding general; his assistants, the district superintendents, would
function as brigadier generals; the principals of the schools would be
colonels, v/hile the teachers v/ould be staff or subaltern officers.
VI.P1
J.
t> /I
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I D 2 a (2)
- 4 -
Abendpost, Qot. 2, 1925«
GEHLiiiN
The idea is not new; tiio land from v/hich it stems is Czarist Russia — that
is, if v:e do not care to go as far back as ancient Sparta. In that country
^^ssiaT", all high school boys v;ere stuck into uniforms so that thej'' could
be more easily kept under observation and supervision. The teachers, too,
wore uniforms, obviously for the same purpose, and even the university
professors had them. VsTiether the Soviets have done away with the idea is
beside the point. They probably have not; for everythins that served the
Czar to Liaintain his power, they ^he SovietsT* have either retained or aped.
So it is likely that even today the students of higher institutions of
learning in Russia have their uniforms, perhaps even nev: ones. But vAiy
free ^-^mericans— -not only boys but even girls — should be forced into a
straigiht- jacket during the period of their development is difficult to
understand. The reason for the proposal is presumably the desire to in-
dulge our precious American youth in one of its vjeak spots, its conceit
and pomposity, v/hich is also shared by most American fathers, with their
love for the fool's cap and bell, for lodge uniforms and insignia, for the
nightshirts of the Ku Klux KLan, and for gold-embroidered liveries, short
I A 1 a - 5 - Qsama;:
I D 2 a (2)
Abendpost^ Oct. 2, 1925.
breeches, and similar flimflan. The fathers of the idea imagine that the
children xrf.ll learn more v/hen they are put into iinifoniis, ^nd are allowed
proudly to parade in then from time to time through the streets. Pedagogical
talent is not evident from this proposal; rather does it reveal the lack
of all understanding for the causes making for backv;ardness in ^^erican
education^ One is naturally aware, in a vague way, that the youth of other
countries receive a better education, but it has not been knovm just why
less is learned in this coxintry. Nov/ we kiiov/; the reason is that the boys
and the girls wear no xinifomisl
I A 1 a
GEEmAN
Abendpost Sept. 1. 1924. J!Kl^A (JLL) p«OJ. 302/5
Thh; JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOLS
V/hen the public schools open tomorrow and the five planned junior high schools
will begin operations, the school adtainistration will meet with the most intense
opposition from the leaders of labor, idss Margaret Haley, of the teachers union,
which from the beginning was opposed to the plan, will fight against its reali-
zation. Besides, the school administrutioii will have to quiet many parents, among
them those of children who attended the harper School, 6520 S. Wood Street.
This elementary school is intended to be clianged into a junior high school, and
its pupils are to be distributed among the Earle, Raster, and Bass schools. It is
this circumstance, the planned removal of the children to those other schools,
against vriiioh six hundred citizens of West Englowood, in a meeting held last
Friday, protested, mainly for the reason that the children, on their way to the
three schools, have to pass uany dangerous street crossings. The Harper School,
they claim, is situated in the center of the school district, is easily accessible
and the intended change, therefore, is not desirable. It is hinted that the parents
if necessary are -oing to ask the courts for an injunction. Also strong opposition
can be expected to the change of the Sabin, Herzl, Wendell Phillips and Parker
schools into junior high schools. According to the plans of the Board of Education
a new grouping of the classes will be inaugurated* namely that the teaching in the
I A 1 a - 2 - GERMAN
Abend post Sept. 1. 1924. W.^A (ILL) F.-<U. -^^^^^
first six classes of the elementary schools will continue according to the
present system, the seventh* eighth and ninth classes will be taught in another
school, and the senior high schools will have three grades* Labor leaders are
opposed to the plan and consider it an attempt to discourage those who are
destined to belong to the laboring class from acquiring a higher education* As
Victor A* Olander, secretary of the Illinois Federation of Labor said yesterdays
he is going to fight the plan to the bitter end* In the same sense spoke
Uar^aiet Haley, business u^ent of the teachers union, who is also opposed to the
layer system.*. Neither she, nor the teachers, whom she represents, knew whether
the layer system will be introduced tomorrow, nobody has been officially notified*
C# 1^. Moderwell, president of the Board of Education, informed her that the
execution of the plan has been postponed till February 1st, but that it has by
no means been given up*
I
1 a
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I A 1 c
Abendpost, June 20, 1924,
T/CC^S A"^'D TJZ SGITCCL
("Editorial)
Budget Director -^erbert !!. Lord renindn /inericans that Federal taxes are
relatively lower today than they were ten years aro. ThivS statement is in
part true, but is in need of much modification. Actually, the expenditures
of the Federal p'overnment are three and a half times as p-reat as they were
ten vears a^o. Of the total sum that is obtained bv taxation and subsenuentlv
spent, the Federal frovernment receives fort^^ per cent, the remaining sixty
per cent going to the States, counties, and cities.
Formerly /T. e, , ten years a.^£7 the relation was exactly the opposite. At
that time, sixty per cent of the tax receipts went to the Federal government,
while the States, counties, and cities had to be content with forty per cent.
The Budget Director's statement is to be understood in this sense, namely.
I A 1 a
I A 1 c
- 2 -
•Abendpost, June 20, 1924,
rr.WM
that tne Federal f^ovemment obtains a smaller proportion of the total tax
receipts at the present time than it did ten years ap^o. Actually, the
Federal governinent has just as little reason as the other /i. e, , State
and municipalT" administrative ap^enci-s to be proud of its tax policies. In
the case of all cf them, expenditures have risen in such a manner as to in-
stil grave doubts in the minds of all sober-minded citizens. Our participa-
tion in the '.,*orld V/ar — with all its startlinp; or^ries of graft and wasteful
spending — is responsible for the high Federal taxes. In the case of the
other /i. e. , State and municipal/ governmental agencies, the grovjth of ex-
penditures has, of course, different reasons. In most large cities, the
unreasonably high disbursements for school purposes constitute one of the
main reasons for their financial difficulties. There is scarcely one branch
of human activity which is not included as a subject of instruction in the
curriculum of a large school system. Young people possessed of an offensive
ignorance in elementary subjects are civen instruction in psychology, biology,
sociology, and all other sciences. They are instructed in technical subjects
which ought to be reserved for the university or for practical experience, and
a
I A 1 a - 3 - n^T^':A!^
1 A 1 c
Abendpost^ June 20, 1924,
they are let loose upon their fellow hui.ians v/ith a nass of undigested and
confusing facts.
The American school system has developed v/ith a rapidity which is amazing.
It must be acknowledged that in the process of this development the American
people has displayed a truly astonishing amount of energy and generosity.
It is obvious that in the course of this rapid development many weeds are
bound to shoot up. The school is now in danger of forgetting its most im-
portant purpose, the real aim of its existence. Instead of affording youth
a sound and thorough knowledge of the elementary subjects, thus laying the
foundation for future professional training, the school endeavors to suT^ply
this professional training. This it cannot and should not do. In making
the attempt, it becomes untrue to its purpose and does more harm than good.
V.o one until nov/ has ventured to raise his voice against this abuse, '^ir
super-educators and those v;ho make a hash of the school alwavs have available
I.
A 1
I A 1 c
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Abendpost, June 20, 1924.
.(Ero:^'^"
the miserable stock argument that a man who rises in rirotest ap-ainst their
giddy ideas to make imbeciles of the youth, values his dollars higher than
his children. !!uch abuse has been made of this catch phrase. Tt is time
that the citizens offer resistance to the onslaughts of the school reformers.
For even the tax screw cannot continually be tightened, and if the larp'est
part of the tax receipts is spent for school purposes, then there will soon
be nothing left for other important purposes. And what is more, the people
will get a totally miseducated offspring made up of dunces and ne'er-do-wells.
I A 1 a rr^V^m^
IV (Bohemian)
IV (Jewish) Abendpost, May 27, 1919.
IV (Polish)
ArPC117J!}nF<TS TO SCHOOL BOARD APPlC^r^D
I-avor is Victorious
Yesterday the City Council approved the I'ayor's School Board appointments which
were made accordin/^ to the new school law of 1917. The vote was forty-three to
tvjenty-six, and there was no debate on the matter. The nevi Board, which con-
sists of eleven m ambers, takes the place of the old Board of twenty-one members.
The commissioners, v/ho were formerly members of the Board — and am.on^ whom are
the ^solid six"— lost their positions as a result of a decision of the State
Supreme Court.
Follovdng is a list of the members and the terms for which they v/ere appointed:
Llrs. Lulu !!• Snodf?:rass and Samuel ^^essler, five years; Tr. Boleslaus Klarkowski
and James B. "Rezny, four years; T'rs. Francis "^. Thornton and "^r. Sadie Bev Adair,
three years; "^dwin S. Davis and Albert !!• Severinghaus, two years; Hart Hanson,
Francis B. Croarkin, and Oeorpe B. Arnold, one year.
I A 1 a - 2 - C^T^ATT
IV (Bohemian)
17 (Jewish) Abendpost, L'ay 27, 1919.
17 (Polish)
reanwhile, Jacob V. Loeb, ex-president, and other officers and
members of the deposed Board av/aited developments. Commissioner Loeb declared
that he would contest his dismissal.
CO
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— !
I A 1 a
GSRlL^iN
Abendgost, Apr. 7, 1919.
THE FIGHT V/TTH THE STJPSRIHTEKDSNT OF SCHOOLS
(Editorial)
One of the first moves of the reinstated powers of the City Council was to
challenge the new School Superintendent, who took office only three weeks
ago. The *»lords*» may regard this as an act of great political prudence.
Others will earnestly regret that Chicago's schools are influenced by pol-
itics. The technical sophistries which are offered in defense of the City
Treasurer's malicious tactics toward the highest official of the school
system must be censored by thinking people. How can he be held responsible ^
for the quarrel between the Administration and the School Board? If it is 2
absolutely necessary that the two squabble, then they should do it among
themselves, and not quarrel with other people who are doing nothing but their
duty. Only the Superintendent has conducted himself as a gentleman in this
matter; he has refused to accept the challenge, or even to talk about it.
The State Legislature has recognized the authority of the present School Board.
TJ
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GERMAN
Abendpost , Apr. 7, 1919.
The Mayor's attempt to force upon our citizens by police power a School Board
which their representatives did not want, was branded by a judge as illegal
procedure. On the basis of this decision the old legitimate Board unquestion-
ably had the right to declare all resolutions passed by the usurpers null and
void, especially the appropriations made by the illegally-appointed Board, in-
cluding salaries which were paid. This ;vas not done generally. The legitimate
Board contented itself with the restoration of the officers deposed by the
pseudo Board to their former i)ositions. The powers who make up the Council pre-
fer a different prodedure: political hedging. In order to maJce life miserable
for, and force resignation upon the man whom they put in office, but who has in-
curred their displeasure — they can no longer have him ejected from office by a
police lieutenant—thejr are placing all manner of obstacles in his way. Such
conduct is contemptible; it does not benefit, but does greatly harm Chicago's
schools.
-X3
CD
CO
CXI
The Mayor has declared his intention of again sponsoring the candidacy of the
"Solid Six** for vacancies on the Board. That, of course, is his privilege, and
should the "Solid Six" be approved by the Council, which has just been invigorated
2
I A 1 a - 3 - QBRMiiN
Abendpost^ Apr. 7, 1919.
with new blood, then that new Board, in v;hich the '♦Solid Six'* would again
constitute a majority, would be the legitimate one. For the present, however,
the old Board is the legitimate one; and since it is their duty to provide a
superintendent for the school system, and there is nothing in the statutes that
deprives the School Board of authority during the closing T)eriod of its tenure.
Superintendent Chadsey is the duly-chosen head of Chicago's schools, as far as
the system is concerned. That fact cannot be disputed, despite the subtlety of
the City Council; if it is opposed, hopeless law suits, financed not by the
Mayor, but hy the taxpayers will result. If the nev/ Superintendent, whose abil-
ity is acknowledged even by his enemies, is forced to resign he would be a fool
not to sue the City for damages, and our administrators of justice would be very
inadequate indeed, if the State Courts did not rule that the city should pay full S
damages to an official who, after having been legitimately chosen and placed in ^
office by the School Board, lost his position merely because the Mayor and the
School Board are at odds. And v;ho would be harmed most? The President of the
School Board, the Superintendent of Schools, or our children, who for years have
suffered because of political enmity and strife, and v/ho are obviously veiy
likely to continue bearing this cross?
CO
I A 1 a
I K
-u
PC?
GERMAN
Sonntagpost (Sunday Edition of Abendgost ) , Mar. 23, 1919*
TO THE NEV: SUPERINTENDENT
Upon his reoent accession to office the new Superintendent of Schools de-
clared that tiNO matters were uppermost in his mind, an increase in the
salaries of teachers, and penny lunches for poor school children. In re-
gard to the last point there should be no dissension among the members of £
the SchDol Board or among our citizens^ But actually there is, unfortu- ^
nately, for in last year's meetings of the Board determined opposition to tn
the well-meant plan was noticeable. If our memory is not in error, the ob* ^'
Jection was raised that dispensing breakfast to needy school children is
an act of charity and might cause them to feel that they are slighted by
those children who were more careful in choosing parents. There is no
doubt that such feelings could arise. Despite this fact, the feeling
might be preferable to actual hunger* As long as our social institutions
are of such a nature that we cannot prevent children from coming to school
hxmgry, we should not let overly tender consideration for their feelings
I A 1 a - 2 - GERMAN
I K
Sonntagpost (Sunday Edition of Abendpost), Mar, 23, 1919.
prevent us from appeasing their hunger. If our conscience can endure pre-
vailing conditions which force hunger upon these unfortunate children, it
should not be offended by such farfetched doubt and considerations.
Fenny lunches should be made a permanent institution in our school system,
and the necessary money must be gotten somehow, no matter how poor the con-
dition of the School Department's treasury may be.
Penny lunches deserve preference to the planned regulation of the salaries
of teachers, for even though some of the instructors do not receive as much
pay as they or the School Board think they are entitled to, yet there is not
one teacher in Chicago who must come to school himgry in the morning be-
cause he is too poor to buy the food necessary to still his hunger. The
question of teachers* salaries is a sore spot and has been the subject of
discussions for many years. Public opinion concerning higher salaries for
the employees of the school system is divided. Some think that in view of
the fact that teachers work only five days a week, enjoy many holidays
^•T
CO
I A 1 a - 3 - GBBIRMAN
I K
Sonntagpost (Siinday Edition of Abendpost) , Mar* 23 » 1919 •
and long vacations (the vacations amount to ten weeks of the year) , are
usually hired while they are very young, become self-supporting at an age
when others are still preparing themselves for a profession and are dependent
upon the financial aid of their parents or other members of their family,
and the treasury of the Department of Schools is at low ebb, school teachers
ought to be satisfied with their present salaries. Now it is true that
teachers, as well as all other classes of workers, are affected by the
prevalent hard times, and for this reason the School Bo€u:d may not be able
to avoid granting a nominal increase in the pay of its employees. But then
those who are really in need should receive first consideration. As a rule
those who are paid large salaries reap the greatest benefit from such
raises in salary. The new Superintendent of Schools should see to it that
those irtio need it most should receive more pay*
The Superintendent failed to mention another matter which many Inhabitants
7^'j
c.
r -^
I A 1 a - 4 - GBSmiAN
I K
Sonntagpost (Sunday Edition of Abendpost), Mar* S3, 1919 •
^
of our city consider to be his duty, and so it appears to be in order that ^
we refer to it here* For many years the American school child has been ^
instructed almost exclusively by female teachers. We have no intention of £J
denying that the schoolma*am has proved her worth in some instances* But ^
she has not in all instances* It is a pedagogical blunder to have young £
girls teach boys who are not much younger than the teacher* A female co
teacher should instruct the pupils of the lower grades* But the instruc-
tion of the children in the upper grades of the elementary schools and of
high school students should be exclusively in the hands of men* Only men
are able to fathom the mind and spirit of those who are entering manhood*
Only men can understand and guide the emotions of yoimg men* The peda-
gogues have long ago agreed on this* In order to obtain the best results
from our schools, boys and girls in the upper grades of elementary schools
and of high schools should be separated, and the boys should be tau^t by
men, and the girls by ladies* Every real reform of our school system should
be made with this point in view* The Superintendent said that he was
C3
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I A 1 a - 5 - GERMAN
I K
Sonntagpost (Sunday Edition of Abendpost) , Mar. 23, 1919#
contemplating no changes for the present. That is only natural. Before
anybody attempts to reform he must become acquainted with the condition of
the object of the reformation. But the reform alluded to must be made some
day. Khy should it not begin in Chicago? The majority of our local citi-
zens would be grateful to Mr. Chadsey if he would begin making these
changes in our school system very soon.
r"
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A
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GiiRIviAlT
Abendpost . Nov, 7, 1918.
TIIE 1TJ2D FOR EFFICIEirr SCHOOL T3.1CII2RS
(iHditorial)
During the war our school system, like inany other things, has suffered to
quite an extent. 3ven if v;e take into account the fact that the overwhelm-
ing majority of the teachers are vjomen and that only a comparatively small
number of the male teachers were of conscription age and subject to the
first draft, the fact remains that the number of male and female teachers
in the country has dwindled quite considerably, because the immense growth
of the v/ar industries has offered people of their education a far better
chance for material success than the teaching profession ever did. Conse-
quently, not only male teachers but also a large number of female teachers
have left the schools and turned to more lucrative positions. Llany of
them are, in all probability, permanently lost to the teaching profession.
Under the present extraordinary circumstances they will adapt themselves
to a new application of their mental faculties and to a different utili-
zation of their knov/ledge more easily than v7ould otherwise be the case.
I A 1 a - 2 - ^mm
Abendpost, Ho v. 7, 1918 •
After the war they will either remain in these better-paying positions, or,
profiting by the experience gained in coiaraerce and industry, v/ill look for
similar jobs, which would seem to them nore profitable than a return to
the teaching profession.
The gaps thus created in the teaching body of the country v/ill have to be
filled somehov; or other. If this v/ere not done, the quality of American
schools vjould suffer and the general education of adol )scent youth v/ould
sink to a lower level, a possibility which v/e can only view with appre-
hension. The stiniggle to oake a living after the war v/ill require a riiuch
more complete equipment of raental capacity and practical knowledge than
ever before. The competition of nations in commerce and industry will be
keener than ever and every nation v/ill have to tax her powers to the ut-
most in order to maintain her former position in the v/orld market, to say
nothing of improving it, V/e must not, therefore, neglect the sj^stematic
training of our young people. On the contrary, they will have to be
given much more careful attention, For this purpose, the training of a
teaching personnel v/hich is efficient and in every respect adequate is of
the first importance. In fonner years, the examinations taken by teachers
.M.
1 a
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GSRI'-I^iN
Abendpost, Nov. 7, 1918.
in order to qualify for these responsible positions were not always given
the necessary consideration. In many of the smaller localities and in
rural districts, especially, more interest was shown in getting cheap
teaching personnel than in testing the qualifications of the candidates
who applied. In the larger cities this tendency v^as not so evident, but
very frequently, even here, persons not suited to the task have been assigned
to teaching positions. Not everyone can be a schoolmaster, even if he has
the necessary knov/ledge. It takes much natural talent, skill, and tact,
traits of character which cannot be learned but are, to a certain extent,
inherited. Political influence in the large cities has enabled hundreds
of thousands to secure positions as teachers of youth whose defects of
character or insufficient knov;ledge made them unfit for the job right at
the beginning.
To a certain degree, this may be excused by the rapid increase in popula-
tion and an undeniable lack of suitable candidates. It is regrettable that
the teaching profession does not attract capable persons in this country to
the same degree that it does elsewhere. An attempt has been made to explain
I A 1 a
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(SRMAlNf
Abendpost, IIov. 7, 1918.
this phenoraenon by calling attention to the neacre pay of the teachers.
This may be true of many teaching positions in rural districts and in
small tovms, but in the larger cities this argument does not hold v/ater.
In no other profession do young people of both sexes so quickly attain a
salary which makes then independent of subsidies from their parents.
Ivloreover, the v/orking year is only forty v/eeks at the raost and the v;ork-
ing v/eek only five days. This does not take into account the many holi-
days v;hich schools observe as conscientiously as banks.
For the talented, industrious, and ambitious teacher who is willing to
work hard in order to get ahead, a quick promotion and an honorable career
are in most cases assured. Young people of this type, who have to decide
on a vocation now or within the next few years, have a very excellent
chance for quick promotion within the teaching profession if they attend
a normal school after graduating from high school, ilo one who has a
natural talent or inclination for teaching should let his mind become
confused by castles in the air; he should give his desire free rein. The
accumulation of earthly goods is not the main requisite for human happiness.
,^ 1 a - 5 - GSRLIAN
Abendpost, Nov. 7, 1918.
The millionaire is a poor devil compared v;ith the man v/ho finds inner content-
ment in his chosen profession.
I . . 1 a
GiiRI.I^^T
oonntacpost (Junday Jdition of .tbendpost) , Oct. 6, 191'
(Editorial)
l.e caniiot be , too emphatic in V7arnin{; our people of the iLiportr.iice of not
nerlectinr tlie ph^^sical and r.ental education of our youth durinf^ '"jartinie.
This dani^er is closer at hand than i.iany realize. ,e already have nous-
paper reports tiiat here and there schools have had to close, especially
country,' schools, because no teachers could be found. This lack of teachers
is due not only to the fact that quite a nunber of then have joined the
colors, to do their duty as citizens, but also to the low salary which is
frequently offered then. In tines like the present, \:hen wages and salaries
alr.iost everyi\rhere have been boosted quite considerably, \ihen the costs of
living are steadily increasing, when the uei.oand for v/orkers of all kinds,
even white-collar workers, :.l:nost exceeds the supply, a neagerly paid posi-
tion as schoolteacher in sone godforsaken spot does not look ver^^'' attractive.
This situation should be reriedied at once. ..here the coLmranities are too '
poor to bear the expenses of scliool instruction for their children, county
and state i.iust contribute to it. .ifter a closer study of the situation it
I A 1 a . - 2 - GiilHILiII
I L
Jomitacpost (Siinday Edition of ^ibendpost) , Oct. G, 1918.
v/ill be found that in r.iany cases such a subsidy v/ould hardly be necessair''.
I.lan^r coi.x.iunities ivill easily be able to set aside a lar^^or aii-oiint for school
purposes than they have in the past. The natter just has to be iiiade clear
to then. In soi;ie re:raote and lonely re^^-^ions of the countr^% farners do not
consider an e:ctensive training for their children essential. They then-
selves have never enjoyed it and, conserwitive as ccrmtry people are as a
rule, they do not thin}: that their children should learn no re than they did.
Besides, c^^owin^j. children of both coxes are a valuable aid on the f£im, and
their v/orkinc power \;ill not so v;illincly be given up for school purposes.
Mjierever attitudes like this prevail, they nust be corrected in tine. Cur
nation has to see to it that the next t;eneration absorbs nore loiowledge than
the "Drevious one. ^vftor the conclusion of tlie v/ar — and sooner or later it
v/ill be concluded — ue will be faced with the vcr:,^ inportant job of reconstruc-
tion, an adjustment to peacetiiae conditions and a revolution in world trade,
xijierica, as one of the nations with a larc© population^ possessing a huge
tevvltoirj with a v/ealtli of untapped resources, will in the future play a
I ii 1 a
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3
(SHEaT
Sonntacpost (Junday -Jdition of .ibendpost) , Cct. 6, 1918.
leading cultural role. It is the duty of our people to prepare themselves
for that ti]:ie. xherefore all coinnunities, counties, and states should ex-
tend their school systens inr^tead of being olack, as ixui:: of then are nov;,
and neolectinr tlie training of their youth, .ill young people, if tliey
can manage, sliould reTi^ain in school until tae-r have connleted their six-
teenth year and even longer, if possible, in order to obtain a better and
nore thorough education, .^fter they have finished 'elenentar:;" school they
should attend high school. In higji school the nental horizon is broadened
far iiiore than is possible in a grade school, since in higji school subjects
are treated for v:hich c::ildren of
sary understanding.
a
:iore ','outhful Mge T'rould lack the neces-
For no T)art of our population is tlie acquisition of hnov;ledge riore inportant
than for the inliabitants of villages, siall toims, and the open countr^^, in
other v;ords, the fari.i r^opulation. Tines have changed trer.iendously. Jo
have -standards. In fori.ier tines it i/as sufficient if a farner could i-ianage
to read and vjrite and knev; the iaultiplication table. Today different con-
I ii 1 a . - 4 - CUHI.:^J
I L
oonntag;post (ounday .^^Idition of ..bendpost) , Cct, 6, 1918.
ditions prevail. The railroad and t::e autoLiobile have brourJit even the
most rer.iote fam iionestoad closer to the c^eeit netropolitan centers. Con- \%
sequentl^'' ti^e iiental and pliysical needs of the far:.iers have increased.
They take a r.iuch greater interest in the affairs of the v/orld than years
ago. i^'urthernore, the successful lOrinaceLient of a inodern farra requires
more and different knouledre than it did a f:enoration ar^o. i^ fariier who
vzants to make his land yield enough today to i.ieet cor.ipetition successfully,
nust be able to test the coi^position of his soil, to jud^e \,'hat kind of
fertilizer is required; he irust laiov; plants and farii aniinls, and knov/
under v/hat conditions they thrive and hov/ to prevent then froia becoiuing
diseased; hov; to reap his harvest quickly and econonically, hov; to sell
his products at a profit; he nust have sone loiovledge, r-t least, of hov; to
operate and repair irachinery; he nust knov; bookkeepinc and financing, sone
principles of hygiene, and nany other things on vjhich his success as a
farner, the v;elfare of iiis fanily, and their contentnent nore or less de-
pend. But all tiiis laiov/ledge does not cone by itself. It has to be ac-
quired. 3ome of it nay be gained by experience even outside of school.
I XI 1 a
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S
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omitacpost (Jundai^ Edition of :.bendpost) > Oct. 6, 1913.
thoucli usually at f-reat expense. iBut it can be learned more easily, cuicker,
and riore thorouslily \;liile one is younc and is v/ith others Tvho have the sane
coal in nind. The older far.iers, therefore, are pursuing a policy of false
econoi.i;:.^ if they tr:*- to cut school expenses. ..oney spent for sood schools
is one of the best capital investments one can t:iin]c of.
I A 1 a
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a5Ri-Mi
^bendpost, x^u^. 30, 1918
TU \JMi .JID OIR SCHOOLS
( Editorial)
In a recent letter to I.Ir, Claxton, cominissioner of education, 1 resident
./il':Jon said that he desired the .-iniericaji oChoois to maintain their present
high standards, regardless of the burdens of v;ar. It is hardly necessary
tc emphasize the no'cessity of education for our youth. Upon the training
that our boys and girls receive, there largely depend not only their value
as future citizens but also their thorou.^h preparation for their chosen
vocations. That this ij realized :iore and more can be raeasured by the
nuraber of laws that have been enacted in almost all of the 3t.'ites for the
protection oi" children and for insuring the school attendance of children
UD to a certain age. In particular, the lav;s prohibitin.^ the employment
of children under fourteen ye^ars of age in busines - and industry are of
importance in this respect. Since a large portior of men teachers are now
serving in the army and man^r women toachers are devoting t'eir energies
to the Red Cross and other -.var-time v/elfare organizations, ''r. Claxton
I A 1 a
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aZRMAlT
Abondpost, Aug, 30, 1918 •
suggests that narried v/omen teachers should be admitted again.
"Their elimination never v/as really justifieu," says the report dealing ivith
this matter, "and because of the war it has become absolutely impracticable.
Jlvery v/oman who is an efficient teacaer is badly needed, and the fact that
she is married should not be an obstacle."
In order to establish rules for the maintenance of, and to increase the
enrollment in, normal schools and teachers* colleges and universities, a
convention of representatives of these institutions within the State of
Illinois was recently held in Chicago, where a detailed program was decided
upon. Among other things, it provides for the supervision of v;ork permits
issued to children fourteen to fifteen years of age; for public meetings;
and for the use of four-minute orators, vrho are to call the public *s
attention to the necessity of supporting all educational enterprises.
The local City Club has studied this subject closely for 3ome time and says
I A 1 a - ;3 - GL::Rr-AII
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i^bendpost , :mq. 30, 1918,
in its latest bullstin "that the situation in our country ro^^ardin,'^ education
is alar:ain:j enough to justify, as a v;ar Measure, i. v:arnincr to school officials,
school authorities, anc citizens of the nation, In co iparison \vith thoir forraor
achievenientii tho schools or th^ country are becoiin.'^ incroasinr:ly deficient,
-Lh3ir equip.MDnt is not up-to-date, and thousands of teachers are conpelled,
because of the laisera' le and absolutely insufficient salaries, to 'ive up
tn^^ir profession. The positions thus roade vacant either romain unfilled or
are filled by inexperienced teacher .3, v;ho do more ham than good to the cause
of education."
Folloivin ^ this ^state.ienj^ are a nuLiber of sug -estionr;, -.vhich, fron a
T)hila:ithro"Dic standpoint , are laudable. The i/i^ortant ones v:e .^.hould like
to Mention here: e:ctension of, and a aore versatile curriculuii for, ele?.ientary
and high schools, givin:; all children an equal chanco to prepare thnnselves
for their c'losen vocations; sufficiently large ^layr-rounc ^ in conjunction
v;ith all sciools; constant nedical and dental supervision of all sciool . , ^.,
children; introduction of <• systei of all-round Physical education; liberal f *«- mfjt ^\\
salaries for teachers which are justificc by tie increased cost of living; lo^*"^'-^/
I ^ 1 a - 4 - ^^^All
I G
Abendpost , AUg, 30, 1918.
and the recognition of the importance o^* conscientious instruction and
teaching. :aid, finally, tne establish:aent of a Federal departrient of
education is reconLnonded, tho head of -hich should have the status of a
rep-ular cabinet officer in .'ashin.c^bon,
England and France have increased thoir budr-ct for education considerably,
in spite of the v;ar, and, undoubtedly, the p-reatest deriocratic republic in
tixO v:orld v/ill have .3uffici3nt understanding, time, and fund.s for the same
our"oose«
»•
I A 1 a
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GSRMAIJ
Abendpost . Feb. 15, 1916.
thj: nsv; post office bui ding
For The Abendpost , by Christian Schneider, ^-irchitect
The article of Last Saturday's Abendpost about the new projected Post
Office Building has undoubtedly been published to interest the masses
in one of the most imposing structures of its Kind in the world. It
is an admirable intention, since it is a suitable means to familiarize
tne American public with architecture, the greatest of the arts, about
which our people do not seem to be informed at all. It appears that the
Geriiians are leaders in this human endeavor, because in Germany large
buildings are not erected without first obtaining a general opinion.
Alas, it is their iiniversal interest in art and science that prevents
the creation of monumental box-like structures, so numerous here, and
which are accredited with representing the non-existing American style.
Naturally, in his antipathy to anything German, the American refrains
- ex
I A 1 a - 2 - GERMAN
I C
Abendpost . Feb, 15, 1916.
from according proper recognition to (Jennan architecture. He endeavors to
copy the -English and the Blench. This produces results which are styleless
and have nothing in common with vjhat is understood by the term '•architecture.'*
It is given the classification of American style, an irony to American
architecture.
The fundamentals of the art, silhouette, distribution of solids, distance ,
rhythm, and synthesis, are mute subjects in our high schools. iBy "synthesis"
he means the accepted, or traditional classical conceptions of beauty which
predominate abroad/^* These essentials were again ignored when this
governmental structure was planned. As the illustration clearly shows,
two railroad depots and the projected Post Office Building present a
competing parade. The absolutely unsuitable, futile and, it appears to
me, useless tower is not compatible with the mass-grouping, -depots and
Post Office Building, -but separates all of it into three formless
conglomerates, robs the work itself of imiformity and precludes a
I A 1 a - 5 - GZRIJAII
.Voendpost, i^'eb, 15, 1916.
symmetrical entirety.
This iiniTiense and inspiring; problem, a rare chance, indeed, should have been
solved by a master, or throu^ih the advice of some connoisseur, if v/e viish to
create a reputation for American archit cture. Cnly recently Cberbaurat
i-rofessor Otto ..'agner of Vienna ("Gberbaurat" means "supervisor of the
xirchitocts* Council"), v/ell-iaio"ivTi here as an honorary member of the .imerican
Institute of Architects, :vrote to :ie hov/ profoundly ho rer.rets our undeveloped
architecture. He is convinced that there is no land as suitable for the creation
of individualistic edifices, and thereby cultural ;7orks of the present era,
ao Aiaerica. i-rofessor .ar^ner is undoui)tedly correct, but he lacks a certain
insight into our conditions. lie is una?rare of the way whereby such great
assignments are aivarded here and v/hy they seldom, if ever, reach a gifted
architect. Possibly, the trial mi^ht be made sometime to .'?;iV8 this imposing
task to a master, even if perchance he did not acquire his v/isdom at the
"Beaux Arts" but happens to be a bona fide genius. Such a decision would
be hi -hly favorable to our growing metropolis, v:hich, with its present lack
I A 1 a
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G3RTI;\N
Abendpost , Feb. 15, 1916*
of architectural '^ems, creates a poor impression. Frank Lloyd bright
and Sullivan v/ere men of such caliber tliat the mi-^^hty solution could
have been expected, and as I remember, even these Americans developed
their talents in Germany. But that shoulc not be a detriment!
1 a
II 3 3
I 7 4
i.bGr.dno3t, Jrm. 5, l£lu,
■ ■ ■ I Ml ■ I ■ 1^ '
::iLT^ARi D-ULL i:i ^i^:.:: ..o uuLa
/Gy.ijiastics, as taur^it by a Gerj.uoi p?.triot c'-;lled "Putlier Jahn,'^ v:as
introduced into the Gliica^ro i-^blic oclicol^ bv the Ghica^io Qsriians,
lilcev/ioe, >3rnan l:.n5ua,'^:e instruction. Hoth subjects "roved a bone
of contention in the e-j.rly ^rearo, and .J.tceid*3 T.^vorable attitude
towards this branch, and iiis deiiunciation of the Jd\':ard3 Jchool (anti-
Gernan lanp,uaf:e) Ixv:, ,^uve hiia the Crerriaii vote v.hich sv/ept hin into
the Governor's office, Tliis note has been added to shov; the '^Ghica^30
G^rmi/Ji angle" of the follo':ins article. TransljJ^
On 5^iday, Dec. 24,' 191a,
m editorial
oared in the ibond-post under
the heading '^I.Iilit .ly Drill in -oho :;criool3." -.s definite nUi:ierals are
Tsiven ^•.•hich re:^uire revision, I bes you to hindly :;ive sone attention
I .. 1 a - :^ - C^im.
II B 3
I F 4 -."bendpost, Jan. Z, 1^'IG.
to tliersa lirieo in your v-^lued r-ublication. G-"ri:m:istics ..us Introducsd in
our public schools thirty y3:^tz :i;;:o, and the:;" consist ad of calli.:thoracs
parfon^ied in the clas^roons, in the uislos bsti/een the benches, "/liat is
laiov.ii us t.ictics (::-.rchinr: in different fcr!i:;tion3. Transl.), and exer-
cises v/hich rer_uire equipment, had to be elininuted for I'-cI-: of sufficient
roorr.»
If I rej!iei:ibor correctly, only tv;o of the Gevex.ty-tv;0 elenentary schools
had halls at that tine. Principals and toacaers ave this br^nich a friend-
ly reception; boys and ^^irls part icip ..ted :::ladly« Ten i.iinutes per day
(fifty lainutes durin^-: the vgcIi) v:ere sched.-iled for this ne.. subjc3Ct xiith
the expectancy, alread;, prevalent at the tine, tliat at le.:.3t a half hour
should be available. 3ince its inception, rr>^.inastics has expanded con-
siderably, fhe ^w^Ciiool Board's ./erncin neinbers c-ddled and supported it,
nevj schools had "Turn-halls" (G-yirjiastic asseifcly halls), and the latter
IT n _ '^. — ^ ^■pT * T
^
II 3 3
17 4 ■J:end-:'03t, J-n. o, li^lG.
T;er3 supplied '-:ith the iiGCOGsary up^^aratus. • . ..
Tli9 prasent Tulay Iii ..ii oCjigoL v;as the first puLliciv supported school in
the l.-^Liid to have a v/ell-oouippod *^Turn-Hall" (G-:^.inasii.u:i) . Today, a^iong
nearly three hundred ChiCci;o schools, o:.e hundred and ei[rhty teach phy-
sical culture in their '^^fLnasiuris, as..e:.ibl3'' halls, or vacant classroons
supplied '. ith the proper aacilities. Jhe nuiaber of instructors, eight at
the tine of the adoption of this subject, incr.:u3ed to 108* opecifically:
forty-eic/it instructors in the hi[-j:i school::, fifty-ei^^at for the elenen-
tary grades and tv:o at the T.orizixl Golle.^e. .ttlie hi:;h schools v;e find a
slifyit predaninance of i-iale te:..cher^, but in the elementary clas. es their
number shrirncs considerablv: ei-hteeu men versus f rt^' v;o:aen» This dif-
ferance is not attributable to a preference for feraile instructors, but
finds its source in the f-.ct that most of our best male students of the ^^^
gymnstic se^Anari-vS have been *ivon d. finite a3::urances of positions in te ^H oi)
% C-y *•■' '■'-'' .^ f
& ^^'
I -. 1 a
II 3 3
I ? 4
Ab3ndp03o^ J:.n* o, 1^16,
othor cities i)rior to the cor:*jleticn of the ra^^ul^r toac.iar's couroG. and
an :zdditioiial 3xar;iiii:.tion in another locr.lity is not roouirarl, bocauce
the i3oU:.nce of a uiplona Tron u prominent and recj^nized institution,
suffices to warrant tiieir acceptance as capable phvoical culture instruc-
tors, v;hile in Chicago no teacher can instruct unless he subnits to a
special exaiiination*
wU3ide fron the r.thcr severe demands which this institute exacts, the
preliiiiinar;^'' salary of the calliathe.xics teacher is anything but satis-
f act cry • .^ younii: instructor of [;jj:mi:^tiC3f v/ho tau^-ht for a year in
other than Chica{;;o scaool l , nu.t continue in his chosen profession for an
entire ^ecenniun ere he receives a i.i.axinur. stipend of Jl,500 per annum*
^\ large nunler of cities facilitate matters considerably for the aspirant,
and often give more lucrative remuneration during the e^^rly periods of
I i. 1 a
II 3 3
I F 4
rSH^LAIT
.-.bGnd])03t, Jan. 3, I'^lo,
acceptance. These, then, are the caur;es for the y.resent dearth of laale
instructors for physical culture.
The former superintendent of Schools, LIrs. mila Zlagg Young, to whcm v/e
are e^^eatly indebted becaui:e of h r Gontinents and positive stand for the
furtherance of gymnastics, in^ioted that half of the callisthenics teach-
ing force should be nen, a stipulation v/hioh i.roved uiifeasibie becaUoO of
the afor-jsaid prevailing conditions.
;-hile our ochool Board has done nuch in natters pertaining to school build-
ings vrith space for exercisin.:, gymnastic halls, and classroons liitu ade-
quate appurtenances for the devjlopiaont of the huiian body, the time ele-
ment v;hich is dedicated to this cause has not undergone any changes since
the first inception of this subject in our schools.
Only fifty minutes to one hour Dor v/eel-: is ressrvod for in/mnastics in our
I .. 1 a
II B 3
I ? 4
Lbandpoot, Jan» 3, 1916 •
•essive
elexiientary schools, and, in this respect, '.;e do not shov; the pro.:;rs
spirit of other nations. In .^nnany practicall:;- three hours are used for
exercising, and in Japan, accordin.';: to tao Japanese teachers v.;ho visited
Ghicr;go, seven hours per v.eek are specified for calliat .enics in the ..ri-
nary classes of the public schools. There is a sli .;ht dininution, hoaever,
in the hi;;her :;r-;des, but it does not drop belov: three hours during the
v/eek; and this is also co^apulsor^^ in the senior university clas,
'-* .
Lov;, in re-^ard to '*:iilit...ry drill' in our schools, aaiy, — v;e have it, of
course. It has been uith us for years, it is part and purcal of our
.^ymnastical systen, but -..e use no such desiaiation. 'Phis drilling is
called "Ordnungsuebuncen^* (v-rb->.tii:i: ^'Order-e::ercises," LiurchinN; foraa-
tions and allied subjects v/ould explain it, fraaslator). In the Jn^lish
languar^e we use the teriii "tactics.'* fho only distinction is in thj con-
nanding nethod, or, let us say, expr.^^ssions. fhus the ''corraands,'* as
1 a
II
I ? 4
- 7 -
JpcndT^cst, Jun, 3, ISlo
^1y3Ii iri our school t^.ctics, are p.iore suitable th:-ui to resort to the ir.ili-
ti:ry phr seoloj^^, and ther..roro v/e u :o the ±oT:ior. nevertheless, the lo.t-
ter also finds sone application in our hi -lior institutions of learning.
These '*t-.ctics^^ are executed v;ith and :;it:iGut "v;oouen sticks;" in the upper
£-:rades, steel rods are substituted. 7'^rily, the drill is here. \ie re-
frain, hov/ever, fror.i usinp the ^djoctivo '^^:ilitary•" .^ad, just as -.ve
pr.ctice .pyifinastics here, so it has been on the curriculuxi of our youths
in '3eri:i:-iny, and tais physical culture h-.s done its fair share in producing
capable Oerr.ian soldiers. ..ccordinti; to G-s-rricai report ^^, 600,000 or i.'iore
mei'ibers of the "turners," (.g:/'2.jiast3) are in the GoruMan arn^^, and their
achievenents on the battlefield nay be perused hy an3rone v;ho rsads the
Geriiian Turneraeitunc (paper on >,?:":"inastics, fransl.), as tais xmblication
£^ives a v.eekly liat of all its nenbers x-ho v;ere aaarded the Iron Gross (a
hi:ohly coveted riedal for bravery. Transl.)* fhe nost officiant method in
i
^ •
I .n. 1 a
II 3 3
I ? 4
a^_
jr-j-.U.— .;-.'J
.j^ondpost > J'.in. 3, li>'lb.
preparing for an inpendinc -ar consists in -d sy3tc2:iatic develov)mont of
thehijuan body during our yout.i, ind this ro'iuir.s tine and a sufficient
n\iriiber of hiriily capable toacliors.
Cur present superintendent is an advocate of physical developr?iGnt durinc
chilcQiood. Perhaps he can. reach the -oil by providinr; the necesjar^/ re-
ouirenents: nore tir.ie and a lar ;er teaching personnel.
c
I A 1 a CaSHMAN
II B 2 f
II D 10 Sonntagpost (Sunday Edition of Abendpoat) , Feb, 14, 1915.
III 3 2
III A VEAT CAN OUR OSK^LIN VERSUS DO FOR THE
I C PRESERVATION AND PROMOTION OF DEUTSCHTUM?
I G Lecture on the Necessity of German Schools Held in
the Technischer Verein
by
J. P. Schroeter
A question that is frequently asked, and rightly so, is this: What can we
do, not only to preserve the Deutschtum Anything pertaining to things
Germanic/ ^^ *^® United States, but to proioDte it? Most of the time this
question was settled by giving money to the Red Cross or other welfare
organizations. By doing this we believe! that vie had adequately fulfilled
our duties. Laudable as this spirit of charity is, it served as an excuse
for not doing something more worth while, which we never had the tine or the
money to pursue — or so we thought. Today we realize that money alone ¥Pon't
' — t
i
I A 1 a - 2 - GERMAN
II B 2 f
II D 10 Sonntagpost (Sunday Edition of Abendpoat)^ Feb, 14, 1915.
III B 2
III A do the trick, that vie will have to gD to a good deal of personal
I C trouble in order to give truth a chance to triumph.
I G
What does our Deutschtiim depend on? It depends on the country, ^
the people and on education. The country /Senaan^ we cannot bring over ^
here as if by magic. The people /QenBa,^ are here to some extent. There ^
remains only education, and here is where we have to begin our work. All L^
of you who have enjoyed a German education know how valuable it has proved
in this country: how it has eiiabled you to make a living and to forge ahead
faster than you had expected, in spite of a foreign language* ^
Let \is take a look at the American educational system. For quite some time
now our leaders have found fault with it, and have tried various remedies,
beginning at the top, as usual. New methods are introduced at universities
and colleges and occasionally at high schools, but nobody ever thought of
going to the roots of it and beginning at the public schools. Unquestionably
o
II B 2 f
II D 10
III B 8
III A
I C
I G
I A 1 a - 3 - CaSRMfiN
Sonntagpost (Siinday Edition of Abendpo st ) , Feb* 14, 1915*
our public schools embody many good features, especially the direct
transfer to a high school upon graduation and from there to the
university. We have, therefore, an uninterrupted training which would
not in all cases be possible in Germany vvhere time is sometimes lost
in switching from a Mittelschule ^^^dium school^ to a higher one vrtiich prepares -^
for the university. But we must always bear in mind that what is taught in '^\
Germany *s Yolkschulen public school^ and subsequent vocational ^^echincajj^
schools is of much greater substance than can be had over here* It is a ^
recognized fact that the gap in educational training betv/een the various
professions and vocations is smallest In Germany, which fact necessarily
makes for a better understanding among her people and tends to promote a
healthy democratic spirit* The drawback of the ^^erica^ public schools
is, in BQr opinion, that too much time is wasted. The non-attendance on
Saturdays alone amounts to more than one year lost to education* Furthermore,
for n^ part at least, I do not favor co-education and a predominantly female
o
•
I A 1 a - 4 - GHEttJ/^iT
II B 2 f
II D 10 Soimtagpost (Sunday Edition of Abendpost ) , Feb. 14, 1915.
In B 2
III A teaching personal for boys. There is no real system in the
I C ourriciilum as a whole, the discipline is poor, etc. It is
I G beyond the scope of today's lecture to discuss these interesting
topics in detail. ;Vhat we need more than anything else over here
are our Geiman-type technical schools, where the public school graduate can ^
get special training for his chosen vocation. ^
Recently this lack of training has been realized; and attempts were made to
imitate the German system through the so-called ^^continuation schools, *♦ but ^
nothing much came of it since big business and the unions apparently could
not be induced to sponsor and promote the experiment as they should. We have
achieved laudable results by introducing Tumen /gymnastics/ and German language
Instiuction in our schoolsy and we believe that we shall be doing the right
thing if we continue our efforts in this direction. In this connection I
do not take into consideration home education, assuming that in German
families it will be handled the German way, which should not be so hard to
CO
I A 1 a - 5 - GERMAN
II B 2 f
II D 10 Sonntagpost (Sunday Edition of Abendpost) , Feb. 14, 1915*
III B 2
III A do if we had a good school system, but which seems almost an 1b^-
I C possibility tinder present conditions.
I G
Now what can our vereine ^^rman clubs^ do in this respect? The
Technischer Verein (Technicd Club) to wbich we belong, promotes education, i
if only for a limited number of people, and it seems to me that we, especially,
should feel called upon to set a good exanple. As I have mentioned before,
what we need most is a moA technloal school patterned after Fachschulend > :^
^he German trade schoo^ specializing in subjects we are familiar with-- ^
drafting, mathematics, natural science, etc. We can take the initiative
and try first to organise a night school, where these and related subjects ~
could be taught. There may be a sufficient number among o\xr members who "
would be willing to act as teachers and give lectures in their special fields.
It goes without saying that this instruction has to be given in English. If
we could get the necessary support from other vereine, we could even
I A 1 a - 6 - QSRIJAIT
II B 2 f
II D 10 Sonntagpost (Sunday Sdition of Abendpost) > Feb. 14, 1915.
III B 2
III A contemplate to start our courses where the public schools leave
I C off, and we could get the students throu^ih a high school and
I G college training ivithin, say, six years for which eiglit years are
now required. All this is just wishful thinking right now* For ^-
the time being v/e would be interested in organizing a night school, and after ^
we made sure of its success we could attempt to launch a day and night school ^
by next fall. Of course, we would have to count on the support of all German U
associations, and I am confident that it will not be so hard to enlist their 5
aid*
I think the promotion of Deutschtun in these schools can be effected by
giving thorough and systematic instructions, by insisting on discipline
and, above all, by giving prominent place to German science and methods*
A more idealistic aspect should be the governing principle of such a school,
without neglecting, of course, the practical education of the student* For
o
CO
CD
^^
I A 1 a - 7 - CaSHMAN
II B 2 f
II D 10 Sonntagpost (Sunday Edition of Abendpost) , Feb, 14, 1915#
III B 2
III A instance, the students can easily be made to see that they do not
I C onlj'' learn for the purpose of making laoney, but that their
I G education should also be of an intrinsic and idealistic VRlue to
them. I am of the opinion that vie can do a world of good in this
respect.
But idealism alone cannot start such a school; it takes money, just like
everything else. A moderate amount at the beginning, and later on probably
nothing at all. A school of that sort should be self-supporting or even
earn a net profit, v&ich, of course, vjould either have to be reinvested in
the school or M)uld be used for other means of promoting Deutschtian,
Just to show you other possibilities, I would like to mention business
courses, for instance. I am convinced that the Kaufmaeimischer Verein
(Commercial Association) of 1858 could be interested in this idea.
I A 1 a - 8 - GERMAN
II B 2 f
II D 10 Sonntagpost (Sunday Edition Abendpost) , Feb. 14, 1915«
III B 2
III A It will be a difficult and tedious task which we have to perform,
I C and the results will not be obvious right aivay. It loay be years
I G before we are able to attain success. But consider the magnitude
of the project for which we want to lay the cornerstone todc^r* It
amounts to nothing less than getting control of our educational system, slowly
but surely, during the years and decades to come* To him who has the country *s
youth belongs the future* nierefore, let us not expect immediate results, but
let us start rolling the stone which will turn into an aveilanche. After we
have made a good beginning here, other cities with their associations will soon
follow suit, and we can visualize a network of educational institutions, con-
ducted according to our principles, covering the entire United States.
Our present strength is still much divided. We have to face lifers problems
from a more practical point of view. If all Gexman vereine and associations
would join in economic co-operation, there would be no limit to what we could
accomplish. Should it not be possible for us to learn how to work together?
I A 1 a - 9 - GBRMAN
II B 2 f
II D 10 Sonntagpost (Sunday Edition of Abendpost ) > Feb. 14, 1915.
III B 2
III A All walks of life, from professor to laborer, are p2x>bably
I C represented among Gennan-Ajnericans* V/e must v;eld ourselves together,
I G now or never. The present war has furnished evidence that we have
not yet disappeared in Americans great ^melting pot," that we have
maintained our ^enoajy national pride, which apparently is stronger within
us than within any other nationality. Should we not, therefore, also be
strong enough to infuse our spirit into American life? Because the American
nation is not yet matured; there is still a groping in the dark, a seeking
for final destiny* So let us try to lead this great country on the way to
progress and humanity •
O
I A I a ^^ ^- • OERMAIT
II B 3 '^•— .-
I C Illinois Staats-Zeitung. Hay 28, 1914
INQUIBY ASKED ABOUT GYJ.INASTICS IH SCHOOLS
School Councilor Huttraann asked for an e3cnlan tion in the meeting of the school
board, held yesterday, of the justification of the move wherehy the German
Gymnastic System has been replaced by the Swedish Ling system in four public
schools namely, the Armstrong, the Brown, the Yotingman and the Drake schools,
whilst in all other schools the German system is prevalent^ Dr. Carl Eyder
had been entrusted with the instruction of the Swedish system in the above
mentioned schools* It has been aksed that a report should be made at the next
meeting about this affair* The fact is that the school council has not aprroved
of an experimental introduction of the Swedish system* Mr. Hutmanr^ointed
out that it was intended tofextend the Ling system to all the other schools
and there can be no doubt that this innovation has been caused by the four
Swedish school members. The renort will be awaited with interest*
I A 1 a
I A 1 b
I A 3
Abendjoost, 3eT)t. 7, 1911.
CcI^JCll^: DI SO' -COLS
Interesting^ disclosures on Greriianisn v;ere made vesterday at tlie neetin.^
of the Board of I^ducation vrien :'rs, .i^lla Fla-:"^ Youn;^, the superintendent
of schools, read the annual rer)ort. The lar.^est ;^roups attending
elementary and hi^h school classes in evenin;* schools are Crernan,
accordinc; to the report read. During tae past school year not less than
2,616 Gennan pupils, Sv/iss and Austrians not included, have enrolled
in the elementary classes, v/hiie 1,75j have ta^cen advanta-^e of hi;';^h
school classes in the evenin;; schools. There v;ere also 552 Austrians
enrolled in the elementary classes and 73 in the hi - h school classes of
the eveninr; schools, ITatives of 3v;itzeriand attendin-, the evening];
schools alto.'^ether vjere 44, of the 2,616 frerman students v7::o attended
the elementary classes of the eveninn schools, 880 vjere native Americans.
The German element is leadin:^, in hi;;h school attendance by a 7,reat
majority. The next lar-^est :rouD is t:ie Irish, which is 615; followed
by the Swedish, 587; The Poles, 397; the Pwussians, 343; the Enr.lish,
263; the Bohemians, 201; and the Ilorwejians, 197. CJhina, CJuba,
I A r a - 2 - aERMAN
I A 1 b
I A 3
I C Abendpost, Sept* 7, 1911.
Egypt, Turkey, and the Isle of -^anx Inoted for its stumi)-tail0d cats),
were represented by one member each*»«.
Statistics reveal that 87 males and 70 females have taken advsaitage of
the German instructions in evening schools during the past school year.
In regard to elementary schools, no record of the number of students
taking the study of German was available. However, Gertrud E. English,
the district superintendent, informed the meeting that the German
classes were considerably larger since a modification of rules govern-
ing that subject was introduced. According to her, the study of
German has been added to the curriculum of a number of other schools
as the direct result of the change of rules. ••Moreover,** said Miss
-English, •'Taking the method of teaching into consideration, I fully
share the opinion erorersed by teachers in general that the abolition
of the instruction of German grammar would prove essential. Fluency
of expression could be obtained more easily by devoting more time to
the Instruction of writing, reading, and conversation. The German
language should be taught, but its instruction should be so organized
I',>l-a
I A 1 b
I A 3
I C
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n -jr. - - >T
vbendpost, Sept. /, 1911 •
that proportionate progress would be the result of ev-;ry successive
lesson, until a raason.-blo fluency v;ould be obtained. .. .j]ver>^ school tnat
includes German in its curriculum should employ a special instructor
for that subject; in many instances this special instructor could give
his services to tv/o schools'^ . . . •
I A 1 a
III H
6
GSHIOK
A3K;DPCST, October 5th, I3IC. ^
A Gernan Teaches English.
A native German, Professor Lorenz Morso^ch of the University of Goettingen, will
.^ccet)t thp professioricjl chrir -^or "English lan^:'^ge'* at the Uni^^ersity of Chico.go,
AlDOut a year a^o Professor John k'. Ivianley, of this Uriiversity was tnrnsferred to
Goet tinmen wh^re he taught English. Professor '.!orsoach is recognized as one of the
authorities in Bn^jlish.
The faculty o"^ the University of Chicago arr.^nged a "bo.nquet last night in the
Hutchinson Hall in honor of Professor Mors"br-ch.
I A la.
II B Sg Abendpost. Nov, I3, I906. VT.^'^^-^- J^5 (XBSUKIX
III H
DRt KEAEQER INTBOlXJCaBD
In the greaty denselT^fllled hall of the "Haskell Oriental Ifuseum" at the campw
of the University of Chicago the inaiagaral lectorre of Dr^ Heinrich Kraeger,
Professor at the Boyal Art Academy in Daesseldorf took place yesterday afternoon,
at 3 o'clock* The introduction of the O'exman lecturer into his new office was
made by Dr« Judson, the ad interim dean of the University* Professor Laughlin,
who a short time ago returned from Berlin as lecturer of political science,
hade him welcome in the r^sme of the faculty* !Che Greman Consulate and the
German Department of the University were represented completely, also numerous
other members of the faculty gave honor to their trans-atlantic colleague by
their presence at his first lecture. This consisted of a general introduction
for his topici "The History of the ffeiman Art of Painting, from its beginning
to the present* Besides these lectures, Dr* Kraeger will give once every week
for two hours, seminary exercises on the mutual influence of Grennan Art and Liter*
axy History*
Beginning next Friday evening, Dr* Kraeger will give lectures at the Gexmania
Club-house and will start them with a reading about the Art of Adolf Uenzel, il-
lustrated by photographs*
w ■ . -•■•■.;■■- ' •,.-■' s -.■>■• ^' '.
I' II B 3 v. , ' - ■
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L - ^ lie AbendPOBt. Noyember 19, 1904
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K.
Oerman Sditorial on Sports* They
p':[-/:r'-:'::^^^ have a tendenoy to be silly*
■--•i
Mr* ^ere Oelaneyt trainer pf football players at northwestern -^
Universft yt deolares that the student players suffer from an ^ '
ailment ^ ich is akin to sof tenixig of the brain # which mm ifests^
itself In the victim in peculiar and often ridiculous actions # J^
•It is known* t bb^b Delaney^ "that every football player re- -:^^
experiences his fights in his dreams t bit only those who are in
inti late daily contact with these ball players know» that they
are absorbed during their waking^oments by constant day-dreaming
The trainer considered the matter seriously and declared thatp .v,
during the training ee riodt his diief difficulty consists in pre-
venting this day-dreaming; and Jack of coxs entration# He has -
found no reliable remedy 9 nor does he know of a satisfactory
diagnosis wherel^ he can identify the ailment • ' V
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Only pious simplioity or tlie slmplioity nAiioli ive aoxnotimes oiroua*
Tent Igy oalling it Btupldltyt oould Induoe Hr« Selaney to make
•uoli a88ertion8# After allt he is a profeeelonal coaoh of
8tt^ ImlLI players andy vhen aaking Buoh deelarations^ does Jbe
not sair off ttai llab on iftiioli lie sits? j^^ t^;
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Afioording to this Judget the student«»foothall^hero iSf idiat is ^
termed as ^soaewhat bali^y* The public has suspected it for a
long ti^ie» and helioTOd to hare an e^lmation for itt idii^
in the » ant coineides with Kr# Delaney^s ideast This training
lAiioh oonstantly absorbs the student *s mind and oonoentrates it
on the one subjectt the gamOf may well be the most culpable factor
but the knocks and punches help on their part# and# a certain
suseeptibility to foolishness must be presupposed iaeng such
students who sacrifice three months yearly • during the prine of
their lifet to obtain proficiency ii^ a brutal combat # iiaybe
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Die Abendpoet. Hovember 19* 1904
an anoestral trait must also be oonsideredt since thee young
men are seldom financially independent t it is evident tliat their
parents must give their ^es^ and ^Amen^ to itt lii ich shows
tteir mentality to l>e offa. similar caliber #^
I*
,i>». *
.,- ..
fto are liviig in an age of realisation and woii ers^ This claim
has often been made and much proof has been submitted to sub»
statiate it« Xt would be the greatest miracle if the Professors
ad uniTorsity presidents woul()erecognize the truth about football*
But that tima is still remote •
' .*
"^i
I . 1 a
I A 1 d
II B 2 a
GERMAN ^'^H ?
Abendpost, April 13, 1904
THE GERMAIflSTIC INSTITLTTION.
NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY
FOLLOWS THE EXAMPLE OP
HARVARD.
A highly important step in the further development of the American spirituaJ.
life that especially will be warmly welcomed by the entire German element of the
U» S. wa^made yesterday by the Administrative Board of the Northwestern University,
On the occasion of its annual meeting it resolved to foiind a Germanistic
Institution, as a branch of the University, Just like the one that is in
existence in connection with Harvard University^
The puTDose of the institution is to awaken and cultivate, through the American
Universities, a wider interest towards the accomplishments of German civilization^
language, literature, history» art* music, archaeology, -* in short, of the entire
German spiritual life and psychology; also to tie closer the connections
between Germany and the United States, and to form more hearty relations
between the two nations*
The plan also envisions the foundation of a Museum in which shall be illustrated.
Abendpost . April 13, 1904 VU**^
as far as is possible the development of the German civilization, through collections
of pictures, statues, utilities, models of architecture and of applied arts*
y
Further there will he established a library that will contain everything that
has been created by German spirit and German knowledge. The library and rausetim
shall be housed in one building, whose architecture shall be German and which
already by its outer appearance expresses the architectural talent and the
artistic taste.
Further, lectures shall be arrsmged for which prominent scholars from German
Universities and other acknowledged authorities shall be called.
But the institution shall also become a monument for the importance of the German
element of our co\mtry, it shall show how far the life and aims of the American
people were influenced by the Germans, and it shall thereby remind us of the
great part Germany suid the Germans played in the history of our development.
GERMAN
Abendpost, April 13, 1904
The following gentlemen were nominated as directors of the Germanistic Institution:
Judge Theo. Brentano, Otto C« Butz, Member of CongresSj Henry Sherman Boutell,
Fred C* Gaertner, Chas. P. Guenther, E» G. Halle, Dr. Jas* Taft Hatfield,
H» Paepke, Otto C* Schneider, Wilhelm Vocke*
Besides, there shall he appointed a general council selected of outstanding
men in Germany and the United States*
The Administration Board also resolved to celebrate in suitable manner the
Fiftieth Anniversary of the foundation of the University on November 5th, 1905*
oA
I A 1 a
I A 1 d
J g 2. A'bendpost, March 23, 1904
STORM IN THE TEA KETTLE. PROFESSOR EDUARD MEYER
INCURS THE DISPLEASURE OP THE TEMFERANCE
ADVOCATE. IMPRESSIVE CELEBRATION AT THE
AULA OP THE UNIVEfiSITY.
A storm in a tea kettle was provoked "by Dr. Eduard Meyer, Professor of Juris-
prudence at the Berlin University, and one of the five visiting German scholars,
hy his defense of college life in Germany. Among the temperance advocates a
storm of indignation rages "because the Professor related that as student he
frequented drinking "bouts and participated in many an improper prank. And
his declaration, that if he were 'a student once more he would do the same
things again, created cramps among many of the temperance ladies.
These words, which caused such a storm of indignation among the enemies of beer
in Chicago, fell yesterday during an informal student meeting at the Chicago
University. Professor Meyer was announced as speaker and for his subject he
selected a description of college life in Germany. He told his listeners how the
German
^^^
GERMAN Vo ".l^-A.
-2-
student connects the earnest study with the gay life of
youth, how he fosters sociahleness and tests his personal
courage at the fencing loft« Here he pointed to his beard,
which he said, was hiding many cuts he received on the fencing-aground, but of
which he is still proud* That the students, who listened to the lecture, did not
conceive the matter like the temperance disciples, was shown by the storm of
applause that greeted the end of the speech, and which was supported by the
participating female students*
The most angry of the entire temperance society is Miss Shontz, the President
of the League of Christian Temperance Ladies* She declared that these expresdons
of the Professor definitely prove that he is no representative of the highest
intellectual life in Germany*
Testerday afternoon at 3 o^olock the main act of the fiftieth valediction
celebration of the University of Chicago began the bestowal of the honorary
Doctor degrees to a number of persons and the granting of the certificates of
maturity to students • The celebration took place at the Mandel Hall of the
I
*. •
University Building in the presence of eight hundred persons.
To the left and right hand side of the stage were placed two
large banners, the Oennan and the United States colors* The
members of the faculty appeared in their black robes and tassel
ornated caps* Accompanied by the sound of music the procession entered the hall*
After a short prayer. President Harper bestowed the honors upon the students and
held a short address, in which he enlarged upon the duties, aims and purposes of a
xiniversity* Not only in the homeland shall it form a connection between the
masses, no, it also must tie the different countries together* After this
Professor John Herle Coulter delivered his anno\inced commencement address, which
contained a description of German scholarship and its successes* After Coulter
Professor Meyer spoke* He spoke mainly about the war, a very dear subject to
the historian* He explained that war is not only inevitable, but is a necessity*
The anxiety for the preservation of the homeland arouses a nation amd makes it
strong* A war between Germany and the United States, which fe so frequently
mentioned, will, in his opinion, never occur; for this, both countries are too
powerfxil and also too sensible* The representati^ve of the German Emperor^
Ambassador Hermann Freiherr Speck von Stemburg, then held a short address
and read the message of the Kaiser* The Deacon of the institution, Mr* Judson,
then read a congratulatory telegram from President Roosevelt in which he
pointed to the prominent part the Germans play in the success of science* He also
GERMAN
»;
*^ remembered the share that is due to the Germans for the building
up of the United States*
Then began the bestowal of the Doctor degrees* Led by the Deetcons
of the concerned faculty the five German scholars stepped forward
and received the degree* Each one in a few short words » rendered thanks for the
honors* Then the Ambassador of the United States in Berlin, Charlemagne Tower/
was bestowed in absentia - as a reward for his efforts to preserve the good
relations between Germany and the United States* Ambassador von Sternburg also
became an honorary Doctor of the University of Chicago*
President Harper then annoiinced that Mrs* Catherine Seipp has founded three
prizes which will be knoxm ba "Conrad Seipp Memorial German Prizes"* They
amoiint to $3,000, $2000 and $1000 and shall be given to those who furnish the
best essays on the subject: "The German element in the United States with
special consideration of its political, moral, social and educational influence*"
Vith a banquet on which 350 guests participated, the celebration came to a
conclusion*
I A I a
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"^ . L I ^ » . .*s. f
^muks^o:'''^ ;^j
Abend-post, February 19, 1904 "^f-^
(VOX POPOLI) TO THE SCHOOL
CiUESTIQH '
Chicago, February 17, 1904
To the Abendpost
Gentlemen: -
During a meeting of the "Evangelical Pastor Association of Chicago
and vicinity" that was held a short time ago the following resolutions were
passed, and the Secretary was instructed, to send them to you for publication in
your esteemed paper.
^ Yours truly,
L, Schmitt, Secretary
"Whilst the Roman-Catholic Archbishop CJuigley of Chicago, Illinois held before
the Catholic Women League at the Preeraasonic Temple of said city, on December
19, 1903, such a speech about the tniblic schools of our country, in which he
put them down -^s tyrguinical, unjust and oppressing, so be it, -
-3- 16,''- •^r' &EHMAN
Abendpost, February 19, 1904 V''
"Resolved, that we, as convinced Americans, cannot see such objectionable
notations employed against our public schools, and therefore regret them with
indignation, further,
"Though our public schools do not entirely correspond with the religious purposes
of Christianity, but since this condition for the most part is caused by the
influence of the direction which the Archbishop represents, so be it -
"Resolved, that herewith we express with gratitude our full confidence towards
them for their estimable services in the cultivation and education of the
youth, and that we will support them henceforth to our best ability with word
and example."
I
I A 1 a
II B 2 a
I A 1 b
Abend'^-ost, Pebniaiy 18, 1904
FOE a::siL^Tic kzstj^oe. itorthvesteen
UiaVExiSITY V;iLL ZSTABLISE A SPLEIIDID
INSTITU'?I01I.
GEHM
In the private office of the President of Korthwe3tem University, Dr. Bdnond
J. Jajnes, rn interesting meeting of the Professors of the Qermn Department
and some invited citizens of Chica.go, took Place yesterday afternoon. A
detailed discussion r/as held about a -^lan for the foundation of an Anerican
institution for the further^jice of Germanic sciences. A collection of models
of statues, buildin:^s, m.onvirients and other works of sculp turaJ. art that, avS
far as possible, shall brin^^ before the eyes of the visitors the Germ.an
civilization from the earliest to the moct recent times, sha.ll find a place
therein. In addition there shall be erected a great hall for lectures, and
for the lectures there shaJLl be called from time to time outsta^nding scholars
from Germrm Universities. It v;as rer>olved to interest by m.eans of circular
letters, the Germans in Chicago, 'ilwaukee, St. Louis, Cleveland and other
cities having a large oercenta.-e of German inh-iidtants. The German Gonsu-1,
Dr. Vfelther 'Jever, -^romised his full cooToera.tion. As is Imov/n, the
ITorthwp-tern University has a large number of Ger maji students ajid therefore
alreacvy ha.s a valua.ble German library.
•»,
iTTT
HI A
L. Viereek, Zwei Jahrhunderte (Brun8wlek)l903. P>133*
^ ■ - . . _ _ _ _ _ ■
The University of Chicago.
It was the Politics of Harpers to undertake* at the beginning to encourage as well
as gather students who were exceptionally bright, to have them study for degrees. Too
bad one of the most capable men Dr.Hermann Edward V.Holst, is lost again to the tJniyer-
sity. Hoist was born in ISUl in Livland and at an early age came to New York where he
became engaged in the study of Journalism and Literature • In 1^72 he was appointed
Professor of History at the newly established University of Strasburg. From there he
came to Chicago in 1S92 but was shortly afterwards compelled to discontinue his pro-^
fession due to ill health. One of his most popular and important pieces of work was
recalled here. i*The Constitution and Democracy of the United States of North America^*
Over the qualifications and arrangements of the Cerman Depart irent there appeared
recently an article in one of the foremost papers, the "Western", on February U,1900.
The leading personnel at that time consisted of Prof .Starr, W. Cutting, .Manager of the
Department were Hans U.Schmidt, Wartenburg Kamillo, Wm. Klenze, Paul Oscar Kern,
Phil Allen, Ben. Almsteadt and during the summer Richard Hochdorefer, Prof, at Wit-
tenberg College.
T^^ifmm
r^^^or^^.^^.r'T,,
i '
At
Page 2.
"7 ^F-»
There is only this left to say that the University by extending and introducing
the Summer Courses as well as the *^niversity Extension Department** and by trying
to increase general popular education made quite an advancement. Through a visit
of the German Ambassador Dr. Von Holleben became better informed. Already in 1S99
not less than six students were studying for Doctor of Philosophy degrees and who
wrote their theses in German.
The total now is U315 students so that Chicago is third and only Harvard and
Columbia are ahead.
.•sicei^
i~ia ■
I A 1 a
II A 1
n. %n. S'
GEBMM
At>endp08t . July 5. 1902.
or THE SCHOOL ADMINISTRATION
A SMALL CONCESSION FOR THE GERMAN LANGUAGE TEACHERS
The School Board Committee for Instruction affairs has resolved to recommend
that those teachers of German in the public schools, who already have 19 years
of service and therefore in the next year are entitled to a Dension, shall he
freed of the new examination demanded* Originally it was motioned that this
privilege should "be extended to ell teachers who have at least 15 years of
service, hut the Committee refused to take this up#
Member Loesch was against any exception whatsoever.
\
/
I A 1 a
III B 2
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X
'^--
% •>
17 Die Atendr>ost, Novenber 7, 1901 ^<L.^^
THE SCHOOL BOARD LOSES. DOES NOT HAVE THE LEGAL POWER
TO SLTPLY FREE BOOKS. JUDGE NEELY GAVE HIS LONG EXPECTED
DECISION TODAY. THE SCHOOL BOARD WILL SUBMIT THE VERDICT
TO THE COURT OF APPEALS. JUDGE NEELEY«S VERSION OF THE
LAW.
Judge Neeley decided today that according to lfc.w, the School Board does not have
the power to supply free text hooks to the children in the Puhlic Schools; it
-would require new legislative acts to give this power to the administration
This does not end the affair by any means, since the legal lights, Altgelt,
Darrow and Thompson, who happen to be the representatives of the School Board
in this instance, declared immediately after the decision, that the case will
be appealed... •. .The main issue - as Judge Neely interpretes the law, comprises
the following:
"In regard to this controversy, it is not a quer>tion of whether the proceedings
of the School Department have been advisable or justified in the interests of
education, but the affair hinges on the actual authority, which the State laws
give to the School Board* Section 1 of Article VIII of the States' s Constitution
specifies: 'The Legislature shall provide for an effective free school system.
V.-"
Die Abendpost, Ilovemter 7, 1901
;vhere"by aii children of the Sta'.e ma^' ootain a good FulDiic School educr.tion, '
The reprpr.entative of the School "Board maintf-ins hr.t the Constitution takes a
li-beral vie\7 and so also concedes the right to distribute free "books, even if
the State's statutes did not give additional definite paragraphs on Fuhlic
School matters.. . .In fact speci-1 laws are not needed.. . .Section 202, Pa-rr^graph
122 of the amended laws of the St^:te of Illinois: •..• .that the Boards of every
school district shall have the right, to raise a trjc for the following purposes:
For the furnishing of and the continuance of free schools and for the pa^^Tient of
all expenses C£.used therety; for repairs and inn:rovernent of "builaihgs, procuring
of furniture, fuel, libraries and apparatus and all further costs which will
eventually arise in such an e?t?Mishn:cnt I. . . .
Thus the tax noney can "be ui^cd for free tooks - in confornity with the quotation:
"Expenditures for various purposes... The court claims this inference is erroneous
In the foregoing proceedings, the Schrcl 7:oard*s attorney talces cognizance of
Paragrf?ph IC, Section 146 of the School Laws, #iich states:
«^
Die A>3endT0£t, Ilovem'ber ?, 1901
The School Board is er.Dowered to "orovide a sufficient numcer of school "books
(copies of those \vhich are in general use) for children of such parents, who are
not financially able to procure theri* The books thus obtained are to he lo^oied
only. ., •ETUSt he returned at the end of the year. •• .teachers shall see to it that
children do not dcunage then etc..."
The School Board's legal "batteries consider this as unconstitutional, as th^tt is
manifestly class legislation... Regardless of the injunction which curtailed
the distribution of books, these, to the amount of $40,753, are nor/ in the
private possession of the youngsters
This decision will affect many of the hi£;h school students anc^ cori^els a large
number to discontinue their studies, since these text books are high in price
The School IBoard awaits the results fror? the Court of Apoeals; there is nothing
else it ca.i do»...The local Turn Vereine, The Alliance of the German clubs,
i'ederation of Labor, were all in favor of free boohs, but found a strong adversary
in the German Catholic clubs, led by Theo» -. Thiele.. . .and these latter clubs
a:frplied for ar^ injunction to prevent the distrib\:tlcn of free texts.... which
was >7:ranted. • . .
\
^o
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<6//
Die AT)endpof5t, IIcvenlDer '7, 19C1
l.'r. Thiele considers the action of th6 School ::^oard as "socialistic" and without
legal authority. He further invokes Chicane's citizens to rertrrln the School
Board in the future..."
^ I A 1 a
* '^■^^ ^ Die Abendpost, September 6, 1901
GEBIAN
V The Soard of Edtxcation Takes The
VJind Out of The Sails of The
» Catholic Clubs.
i
The German Gatholic Societies obtained a temporary injunction from Judge Vail,
to prevent the distribution of free text books at the Public Schools for the
first four grades, but it appears that this legal action will not be very effective,
since the books were promptly purchased and distributed in the forenoon, while the
judicial writ was issued in the afternoon* Vice-President Mark, who presides
over the schoolboard during the absence of its chief. President Harris,
bought the books without delay; first, because the children needed them, and
secondly, he probably desired to avoid the court order. Although the legal
advisers of the Catholic Association mentioned their intentions to the school
authorities in the morning, even this notification came too late, to prevent
the purchase. Lawyer KcMahon, Attorney for the School Board, gave the follov/ing
version: The plaintiffs missed the proper legal time limit, to object to the
payment of the $40,000 appropriation, which was to be used for this purpose.
Altogether $90,000 has been set aside for free school books, and in regard to
the remaining $50,000, another desist demand may be obtained. The petition for
an injunction was to be argued originally before Judge Hutchinson, but since he
holds no afternoon sessions, Judge Vail had to consider it. A copy of the
f
-2- f:i W.P.A. ? I GEK/JUI
document was sent to Superintendent Cooley and Secretary Larson, although those
gentlemen had nothing to do with the hook-huying episode • Vice President Mark, who
in the ahsence of the business manager, Ouilford, ordered the purchase of the textbooks,
knew nothing officially about the restraining comnand.
The representatives of the various "Turn Clubs" and the "Chicago Federation of
Labor" adopted a resolution last evening, advising the parents of all children
of the four elementary grades, not to buy an^' instruction books but to await
the court decision. A mass meeting is to be called, to protest against the
elimiication of free books •
I A 1 a
I S
lY
•S^X 'AIT
Kb^n^^22Il, "^7 ^5, 1901
5Ci7,::c^. Ai"D POLITICS; HoiioR M'J :.:ori]Y
1 m '
HtL.fj-o Miansterter^^, V:e f i ^htin,.;; 3-5rn{^n-Anericr-:n jrofessor nakes t';e follow-
ing intere^^tin--; stc-^ter.ent : "I rone-nber v^rj T^-ell r- Ion,,; ^^iscussion TJhich I
hpd with. pYi eminent 2njli?h Schol-r, who hrd come to lectiire in this coun-
try. At that tiTie I was not very lon^;^ in tbii^ coiintry ml therefore inex-
perienced in Aviericnn ;^Cc'^fie:nic affairs. Ve talked r^hout the lo-'^ standard
of Amaricpn scholrrship, rn • he rrid, •A'^erica y.n.11 nev^r hav^ ?ch'>lprs of
the firs^t naj^itude ao in G-^.r-nany and liln^land, unle^:? every profes^sor in
the le::^din^ imi7er?.ities receives not less than $10,000 yearly ^:alary, and
the hest of them not le^s than ^55,000.'
"I ras very rwich" sur )rised and conj?idered it a pOBsinif^tic and nateriali?-
tic rttitude, rie reasserted hi? opinion rnO. continued, 'The An-rican's
consid^^^ration for money exir^t? not merely/ for the Frke of ^loney, hut to
hin it indicrt^s the mea^'iire of success; th:erefore the professions of
science eavl learnin,-^ must have the su')>ort, 'r^hich hi^^h salaries afford's,
to "lake then socially 'Tordnent, and attractive for t'le m.ost intelli.;ent
ueoole'
!}?:R:AK
A"bendoogt. :>./ 15, 1901
t
"I.'y friend did not convince ne then, ':ut "^r^ cont-^ct v/ith hiindred?, of 'oro-
fer.?.ors^ r-nd tepcl.^^rr fOA over trio United St-teF. , ^nd ■t':j anAlyf-ip of the
Cr-r^^orc of V\e :nos?t ca:)r''ble st^:dents, who v.'ere inclined to"'.^rd si^ci^nce
nnd le.-^rnin.j, but '"inpT'v chope t"' •- "^ e.-rpl orof ^-^''^'ion or. "business for the
srihe o:^ f^ocir! recognition, convinced -ne of t "-^ truth :;f* hiP Rt.?te:nentr. "
"•Tioever
ThiF i? not j^- p'^easant rofili^.ation, hnt it is true, nevertl^eles?..
haP min^'led 'vith our int^i^I? ectiial , ouolic, rn-\ roci-l "ife, -"ith some de-
cree of ooserv8.tion, -nd reco^i::^d the drivln..; oo^^er, c^'nnot ':e*^ o Dut a-
-;ree v/ith Frofe^^sor !'ue.ns!terD'^ri:;.
honev ir the -neaf'-u^e ^^f pucceFs?, diche? is honor, '-'ealutl. ir ^-ower, ^'o
^ain ^'^ealth i? to find r-=^hdf?sion to the higher level?! of li~e. Of course
there ^^re ^leoole, ivho, in Finite of their weplth, r^ro dec ncr:!^! e in the
sii^^t of the world, pn ' there are others wlio obtain hi.;;h decrees of honor
Y/ithout a lar,:^r:; phfire of earthly joods. However, tjiese c-re exce;)tions
which »rovo the rule
:>
aT'"»'
'K.'K^
A->:end-oor:t, 1:^7 "^5, I9OI
The car-^?r of r- echolrr vith a oosf^i'ole -rofoF.Rorf^hio for it? r^orl rnd rn
incone of fron '53 1 000 to $5, 000 "-^^er yep.r only, ?dl'' never have the a,t trac-
tion '^non:; oiir -eo-ole pn^^ in onr tin-^ for t.ie no?t intellip^ent ana most
caoa'Dle i-t^:dentf:. Besides, it vrx^.z "oe t.^'cen into cons'iderrtion, that it
taJces yeprs of InlDorious t)re )arrtion vnd. hi^iest nent?l strain "'ithout be-
ing co7ipens.?ted "b/ due rnco,;nition pnc^. honor.
^..^_-
I
I A 1 a
I F 3
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I J
•j-jjR!.JU.
khendno^t, A'oril 0, 1901
^'iclj: sgiiool books je: xusd
* »i t .11. *. J'
Dele^.;\'2ts? 0"^ the Alii nice of .>?r":rn Gl-abf:', of tlio Cliic-'rvO Feder.?.tion of
L^lDor, rnd of tlv? ^t^.-'tic O" iLf r-et ut} p d-rcl rrrtion /'e^terda.^ to be
sent to tlio Strte I <^ 1f:1 -'^tAre, T'he ■■rern:->n eco"' eri^-rticpT rrrocirtions
oroter^ted r^r>in?t -^rovidin,^ r^ll 7)uoilG o:^ ^^ib" ic school? :~it'"- boo.'is
instruction n,- t'^rl:-!. fr--.e of c':rrr:e. 'Ij.e "bof-re :entioned dec: -•^rriti
is r:^;^l:7iii._; to t. e ;>rote?^t rnd. :ls )ointin ; ont "-'- ^ -" -" -^-^
t^^rt ^ mvibc^T of
i 4- ^
c-nd
on
tates
rre ahec'.;d of Illinois .-^.nd t pt r nir-ber of Irx:" cities in t
the TJast — in
Philr^delphi^ sinc<^ lolS -^Iread"" — thi^ ^rrrn^e^nent exists rXid hi.s Toven
benef ici'-O. ,
It is plso mentioned thr-^^t the introduction of this ne- ne<?sure '-^ould
elimin-'te the ercessive rofit ,>'?'.i?ied ^) ' the school-booh concerns, -rho
are 0T:^'r=ni7:ed into n nionooolistic syndicate.
f»
1 a
I ? 3
A'b^nar)ost, Mrrcii 5th, 1901 •
CKHim-AJI
J OR FREE SCH00L300KS.
The Associc'^tion of Germ-m Clubs has mthorized its rjresident, Mr. Jacob Ingenthron
to .loin tne delegates of the Fed-r^tion of L^-bor rnd t:ie gymnpstic clubs of Chicago,
wno will go to S-oringfield to -ersurde the St^te Legi-^lrture to make it lawful th-^t
ell puT)ils in all Dublic scho Is receive their schoolbooks free of charge.
I A 1 a
I A 1 b
GERMAN
Per VJesten. Jan. 27, 1901,
EDUCATION COMMISSION FAVORS FREE TEXTBOOKS AND ELIMINATION
OF GERMAN IN THE ELEMENTARY GRADES
The Citizens Committee on Education, nominated by the Civic Federation,
held its fifth session yesterday at the Palmer House and practically
finished its work involving the report of the executive committee,
leaving two or three important questions for future consideration.
The Executive Committee recommended that the Board of Education should
give books to students at cost, but the committee disapproved. A
unanimous resolution favored free usage at city expense, and in con-
nection therewith. Superintendent of County Schools 0. T. Bright,
Professor J. \V. Thompson, and H. H. Gross voted accordingly, since
Boston established a precedent recently by subscribing to this in-
novation.
The connussion further recommended that compulsory attendance should
I A 1 a - 2 - GERMAN
I A 1 b
Per Vfesten, Jan. 27, 1901.
include 26 instead of 14 weeks, as formerly, and that vacation schools shall
be established in densely populated districts.
Without much ado, the Comniission also decided to eliminate German and algebra
from the curriculum of the elementary schools, in due conformity to our
previously expressed apprehensions.
±%.
1 a
III
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II B 3
I P
3
III
A
I C
17
Uj ^
G3RMAN ^>2L^>
Illinois Staat8'»Zeitung> July 7f 1900.
THE PROTEST FORMULATED.
p. 5 • The antagonistic attitude of the present city administration,
toward instruction in the German language, and gymnastics in public
schools, has led to a decision, unanimously accepted by all German
societies of Chicago at this meeting:
•^In the interest of the education of our young people, the German-born
citizens of Chicago demand, that in addition to the culturally impor-
tant English language, the German language should be taught, as
extensively as in years past* •
'*W6 demand also, in the interest of the physical development of the
younger generation, that gymnastics be introduced as an obligatory
subject in all public schools*
- 2 - GSRliAN
Illinois Staat8*Zeitungt July 7f 1900 •
••The fact that the members of the school board are appointed by Mayor
Harrison, will make him directly responsible should these two subjects
be restricted in the public schools during the remainder of his
administration***
A committee, composed of Messrs* Leopold Saltiel, Carl Haerting and
Fritz Nebel, and l&nes* Elisabeth Skowronski and Pauline Dupre, will
submit this decision, approved by several hundred German societies of
Chicago, to Kayor Harrison today* Inasmuch as Klayor Harrison will
appoint members to the educational council xn the near future, it would
be reasonable to expect that he will comply with the request of the
German citizens*
Another important decision was the request of the aforementioned committee,
to meet a committee composed of five members of the United German-American
Citizens of Chicago and Vicinity*
- 3 -
GERMAN
Illinois Staats-Zeitungt July 7> 1900*
As chairman of this committee, Mr» Koelling indicated that the associa-
tioHy of which he is a representative, is desirous of cooperating with
the projected new union* Their chief aim now will be to induce Mayor
Harrison to elect members to the school board, whose disposition is not
anti-German*
C\^l^
WPA(ILL}F^Oi.302/
I A 1 a
GERMAN
III D
Illinois Staat3»ZeHu;»ig, Mar. 3, 1900. W^ (IIU FR'j ■'^tVy<^
THE VVINFIELD SCOTT SCHLEY SCHOOL.
The dedication of this new school took place yesterday, at which Mrs.
Evelina Frake functioned as chairman of the festivities. Mr. Joseph
Schwab, a member of the school board, delivered the address. Among the
other speakers were Henry L. Hertz, the representative for the citizens
committee, and Dr. Andrews, superintendent of schools. Impressive was the
ceremony of the unveiling of the portrait of Gen. Schley, a gift to the
Bchool. The speakers paid tribute to the riemory of Gen. Schley, recalling
the excellent services which he rendered to the United States.
A musical program concluded thededication ceremony.
I A 1 a
GERMAN
Atendpost, September 27th, ISgg
' EDUCATIONAL COURSES FOR TEACHERS.
The management of the University of Chicago has arranged a special finishing
school for teachers.
Professor von Klenze will conduct these courses once a week on the "History
of Crerman Literature, •• "basing his statements UDon the hook hy Pranke, "Social
Forces in German Literature*"
rr "» '^'^.r>
Abendpost, November 3, 132
Progress in Humbug
WFA (1^1 J ^^,-i.- v-j.
Like a c^.rnivrl joke rc^ds a l-ittely r^a'blished pros^ect*;.£ i:: v/hich, a "Chica^^o
Crerrn^^i-aneric^Ji Univereit:'", announces its opening of "business on the first
Tuesd:.^ in JtrHT^ary 1C?3. Or: tho titl^-^ P^ire of the prospectus r^hiries, rith
the remark '^reduced", the ,3rc::t coroor^.tion schedule of this new plcntinj^ground
of nodern Eclf^nce, The not hadly ercecuted 3i£:illv;r, drriei! in the outer
circle s^i inscription: "Geri.:cUi--'jrrF-ric-n Tniv'^rri'py, Chica-r-c, T. S, A/' In
the middle a note is written i^. Lr tin: ^^Scirnce t-.na Progress. Devotion to
Ilur.anity", The center of the whole illu-3trat«i;G in c. fitting v;ay a v;eil-r;iade
portrait of Pallas 'thene.
As Rector and Treasurer of the T7ni v-erritr there fig^jires a physicipn, v/ho for
some years v;as the head of a nid*.7ife*s iastit'ition of v;hich "'^e waf: the founder.
The "Institutioxi Building", a not very hig residential tui] al.-^, on TTest ICth
Street, shr-11 in the future shelter the """.^nivr-^rrity'*. Ac Dervcon of the faculty
for ^ea.ux Arts is a gentlenan v:ho strive! hrrJ for sever'^1 year?, tut with
little success, to introduce here a treatise supposedly "by himself, entitled,
"Pwcligion of I^^'^^-'^lisn". Thi?: torch of the Science? and Arts, also, rill undertake
I ▲ I a -3- GERMAN
Abendpost, November 3, 1897 WPA 45.; m. .^b^/^ !
to enlighten the pupils of the new University on the Theory and History of the
Arts"« By the way^ he will also occupy the Professorship of Philosophy^ An
obscure agent is announced as teacher of the German language and literature*
Another agent as Professor of Social Economy* • As Professor of Chemistry one
finds, in this unparalleled faculty, a gentleman whose nomination as Park
Commissioner had to be cancelled by Go^^rnor Tanner, following a stoxna of
indignation it created* |
The suspicion is close at hand, that the real makers know very well, what they
want* That they could expect to win a number of real pupils that would be worth
mentioning is hardly believable, but rather that they would try to sell a certain
kind of Doctor Diplomas* The drawing of such would be empowered by their ^ri^ts
of corporation"* Also efforts mi^t be made, to induce well-*to*do patrons of
Arts & Sciences to support the institution financially* In return for such
patrons is foreseen "The honorary degree of a patron of the University"* The
originators have this degree already for they are known aslbatrons of the
" German* Americfiui University" •
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aERMAN
ABltoPOST, March 30th, Iggj.
The Schoolhook Question*
Even the Evangelical 6-erxnan congregations, are now opposing the petition to the
Legislature in Springfieldt in regard to the free distrihution of Schoolhooks
to the pupils of our public Schools. Yesterday evening, a meeting was held "by re-
presentatives of these parishes, in which- as Secretary Henry Thorns in a lengthy
letter to the AhendDOst reports, all motives against innovation, were discussed
in detail* It was resolved, ''from an educational, sanitary social-political,
and economic standpoints** to protest against the acceptance of the uetition*
As members of a committee, to submit this protest in the State's Capitol to the
proper authorities the following were elected: Professor H. Brodt, of the
Slmhurst Seminary, Pastor John Kircher and Mr. Julius Eircher.
I A 1 a
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III c AbendDOst, March .23, 1897*
GEIU!A(r
AGAINST FREE SCHOOLBOOKS
In the matter of the Schoolbook question, there was held another meeting
by the opponents of the free distribution of schoolbooks to the pupils of
the Public Schools, in the localities of the Bonifacius community, comer
Noble and Cornell Streets. After Reverend Evers called the meeting to
order and explained in a few words the object of the meeting, Mr. John
Kolle was elected as Chairman, and Mr. Andreas Behrendt as Secretary*
The Pastors Netzraeter, Burelbach and Brz, also Mr. Frederick C. HaT)pel
made speeches, in which they explained the reasons, litij they T)ro tested
against the position presented at Springfield. Pastor Netzraeter called
attention to the fact, thfit more than half of all the t)ut)i1s in the public
schools are not past the age of elementary classes. The parents of these
children, mostly workers and small business men, would have to bear the
cost of the schoolbooks, together with the better situated citizens, who
are in the position to give their children a higher education*
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Al)endt)08t. March 23, 1S97.
In similar vein, spoke Pastor BurellDach, while Mr. Happel, from the fact,
that at the "oresent time there is agitation carried on in six different
states of the union, in favor of the system, of free distribution of school
"books, drew the conclusion, that the Schoolhook Trust stands behind this
movement. Pastor Brz called it an injustice, that those, who save the
State much money, through maintaining Community schools, and in spite
of that, Tparticipate in the burden of paying a share for the public
school expenses, should be taxed for something, which offers them no
advantage.
All those present, signed the protest resolutions, which will be submitted
to the State Legislp.ture.
I A 1 a G^K. AIT
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III B 2 Abendpost^ Ilarch 20, 189 7. r^
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T:IE ^ SGJIGN C? SCHCCLUC.KS.
Accordiii;^ tc newspaper reports, 65 Gernoji Societies, cmcng then: L.cst all ':"^'.
of the Turner Societies of the Chicago Turner districts, intend tc inter-
cede in fr.vcr cf distribution and use of free bocks in tie public schools. t;^
This is not dene cf its own initiative, but in order to assist the oassa^e C*^
of the bill, w^iich the teachers liave subinitted tc the Le^'islature in
Snrin^field.
•laturally, this aroused t:ie displeasure cf the clerics.ls, who are dcinr;
ever^i:hin*^ in their pcver tc hurry the natter. First the St Boniface Bro-
thers be' iti tc rin^ the bell >^nd ii jiiediately followed the Superior Church
Community cf St. Louis, DJid nov; the ^t. Aloys ius Brothers on l?.th Street bef^in
to sound the o.lam, tc call all believers to ar::s tc help fi'^ht a^^ainst lib-
erality of mind, end the restriction cf t.ieir incoir.e. The Initiative was
taken by the St. Boniface Brothers, who declared, t;.at subh a mcvement, which
was undertaken solelv _*or the benefit cf the people, as unnecessary and sense-
less, as unjust, as unpeda^cjical ond 'inally as un-Aiiierioan r^nd dangerous
to the state. These li.^;cts avoided en open ciscussion-- they have t/.eir
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Aiendpcst, March 20, 189 7,
reasons for it ••• but like ^Ticles t .ey burrov/ in the dark, and w«Jit to
i.iake the people believe, that they do not o.ct for tneir cwn interests, but
only for the benefit of the believinr; souls, but forget alto;3ether, tho.t
thousojids of unbelievers hcve to pay, for untoaed cliurch properties ••• The
bigots talk of justice, huuajiity ajid love of liberty, but in fact they are
only actinp; from e.;^otistic luotives... They know, that the ground under t;\eir
feet is crackinj;^; that by distributing sclioolbocks free, even the c:iildren
of trie believers, will "-o to the pullic s'^hcols... and only or this reason
do thev f i -ht a -ainst it "v/ith tcoth ond nail.**
Eut because the liberal elenent of Chicago is not v/illinf^ to stond for the
insults of trie birots, a:id the liberals o.re fifhtin^ v/ith open visors, the
latter intend to hold a raeetin^; oundoy, che 21st of this i.ionth, at 2 o^ clock
in the o.fternoon, in the Aurora Turnerhalle, cor. Ashland Avenue ond Division
Streets, ©jid to '^ive the proper answer tc the church fraternity, for blieir
baseless end inpertinent accusations. ThB well ^:novm rnd excellent speaker,
h.vryer Ae.rry Kubens, end several otiier Representatives, will discuss this
matter, and trierefcre, nc liberal which is synonymous with Turner should fall
to be present at this na.ss -meeting.
f
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Abendpost, Larch 20, 1897.
«r..
u-.-^
Chas» Liniiemeyer,
Member of the Coimuittee of 9 'S?
Cf the 65 oocieties. ^r:
I- !
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•--4
6EB1UN
ABEMIPOST, March gth, Iggj,
The Schoolhodc Q^68tion•
German. Socle ties agree to it»<-
In Uhlich's Hall» there wae again held under the presidency of telegate Sanziger, of
the "Turner Society Vorwarte'* a meeting of Delegates of a number of German SocietieSt
who decided to work for the principle of introduction of a system to supply free
school-books to all the pupils of the Public Schools* A resolution was adopted* the
principal contents of which are* that it was the duty of the State to take the thorn
out of the present sustom of supplying schoolbooks free only to children of poor
parents; that furthermore all passages in the text«-books should be eliminated, which
under cover of Physidlogy abet the views of the ProhititionistSt that in conformity
with the constitutional separation of State and Church, there should be no reading
matter of a religious content in the textbooks; that the production of schoolbookst
should, under no circumstances be done by convict labor. This Resolution will take
the form of a petitiout to be presented to the State Legislature. To submit it to
the Board of Education, for the purpose of wiftikng their support, the following
Committee of Delegates was elefeted: L. Danziger, Chas Liuncemayer, A belfc* Frank
Deles, R. Arendt, F. B. Dressier, A. Frank A* Otto Schroeder.
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A'bendT)08t, July 1st, IS96.
GERMM
THE BIBLE IN THE SCHOOLS.
In BDch' 8 Hall at lOU Randolph Street there was held a meeting "by the Executive
Committee of 200 German Societies, who drew up a common front against a Reader
drawn from the Bible, which was intended for use in the Public Schools... This
Executive Committee is comoosed as follows: George Landau, President, Edward D.
Deuss, Secretary, 0. P. Schomverk, Treasurer, Ehlert Goettsche, John Sieh, F.
Dietrich, A. Horsch, Carl Neumann, and John Mohnen, assessors. ,
It was decided to attend the meeting of the Board of Education on July 15*^, and
on this occasion to present the protest signed hy 18000 people against the
introduction of the hook. Societies and nersons, who still have such protest
with collected signatures, in their possession, are requested to send same as soon
as possible to the Secretary at 13^ Sigel Street.
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ABBNDPOST, June IJth, 1896.
GERMAN
From The School Administration.
The Garfield School, corner of Johnson and Henxy Streets, will he op'^ned Juljr 6th,
for six weeks Tacation course » with the approval of the School Board, and under the
man^ement of Prof. J* W. Smedley. Expenses of the course is about $S00 and will
be borne by the Civiw TederatioUt that will also open vacation courses in other
parts of the city* Supt. Zimmermann of the department for German lessons, declared
yesterday, to the Committee of Education, that he will be able to manskge with the
amount received from $130,000 to $100,000 and that he intends to employ a part of
the German teachers for several hours daily, in regular classes, that their salaries
can be paid partly from the general funds* On recommen dation of Supt. Lane, the
salaries of the directors of the school, in future will not be measured by their
length of service but according to the sise of the school. The school will be
divided into mine grades and the salaries of directors according to grades will be
from $1030 to $2300* With this system, Ifr. A. Hiers, brother of School Councillor
Hull, could reach the salary of $2000, for thich he mi^t have waited some time
under the previous system*
I A 1 a
I A 1 c .
I A 1 "b Atendpost, March 4, 1396,
GEmiAN
THE qUESTION OF SALAHi:2S FOR T?JLCH3RS.
The salary reductions recommended by the Economy Comraittee of the school "board,
which had "been prevented in January "by the opposition of Messrs. Thornton, Bren-
nan etc. will "be proposed again on account of the large reduction in the school
funds, ordered "by the Council. It is expected that the proposal this time will
"be accepted. The reductions will "be made in all salaries in such a way that
Sages ahove $2,000 will he cut 10^ above $1,000 5^ and smaller ones 2 and 2|^*
In that manner a saving of $600,000 may he attained. The old enemies of the
special courses, (German, gymnastic, singing and drawing), will take advantage
of this favorable opportunity and will propose the elimination of those courses
for a temporary period of one year. The budget of the high schools in any case
will be reduced very considerably. The administration of the high school in
Hyde Park for instance, in the month of February has spent #152 for natural gas
in the biological department of the school to keep alive some frogs. The heating
of the entire school by coal has not cost much more for this month.
A number of unemployed have applied for service with the school census. Members
of the school board and especially members of the census committee are at
present very much worried persons.
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Abend-post. Feb. 26, 1896.
FLBASINa PBOSPBCTS (Editorial)
aSBUAN
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m.
Becausa the Incom* of the City of Chicago does proportionally decrease from
yiftr to year and honds cannot he Issued any morey the City Council resolved
to lessen all expenses* At the most it cut doim the ^ants for the public
schools, nhich shall get along with $1,6009000 less than was demanded by the
finance committee of the School Board* On account of this, not only all new
buildings have to remadn undone, althoiigh they are planned and absolutely neces-
sary to remedy the overcrowding of many school buildings, but without doubt
the attempt will be renewed to eliminate all the "fads'' from instruction* As
a fad is counted, not only instruction of the (German language, but also draw^
ing, gymnastics aid singing as qualified branches of teadiing only reading,
writing and arithmetic will be allowed* This means that the public schools of
the City of Chicago shall be suppressed below the average of the very poorest
German village schools* Nothing shall be done to develop the body, the eye,
and the talent for art* The entire education shall be organised as if all
the pupils are to become "Grocexy Clerks" in their later life* Individual
thinking, manual training, and taste are articles of luxury idiich the rich city
of Chicago must deny to their increasing citizenry*
I Al a - '^ ^
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An Apple of Dir.cord ^^-^..^^
The ^iblicrl Header T.e^Ay for School T-c-
A reader of D-hout 200 pa£;es contninin^ a selection of "bihlical sa;^angs and
stories - the result of seversl years of r/ork hy the gentlemen C. C, Bonney
(rnivorsalist) , J. H« 3c^rrov:s (Frerhyt^irian) and 71. T, Criahan (Or.tholic) - is
now completed and will "be laid tefore the School Board shortly, together with
a TiCnster petition of pious r.ien, v/omen and children who ask for the introduction
of this "Guide to Morals" in the Fuhlic Schools.
In foriner times, up to the year 1674, the Bihle itself was in use as an
instruction "book in the free schools of our city. The teachers were o'hliged
to read every day to their pupils a chrpter fron the old respected Book of
Books. But the Biule contrins so many and so different essays th?t the reports
which the children hrouf^ht home ahout them cr.used, in mrny instarices, vexation
and displeasure. The clearness with v;hlch the Cld Testament prophets expressed
their anger over governing inconveniences; the harmless frarJoiess with which
in many chapters of the "book is spoken atout occurrences which are covered
nowadays with a heavy cloaic of convenience; the imroral illustration of
many things a© they appear to modem people in contrast to the natural attitude
in olden times - this all conspired to hanish the Bil:le from the schools.
-2- f'^ ^»jt)!i oi GERMAN
Abendpost, February 15, 1896
Even pious ChrlBtianfi protested for these or similar reasons against the dangerous
literature which the reader may enjoy without danger only in riper years^ The
principal adversaries of religious instruction at the Public Schools were of course
also at that time already against the use of the Bible in the school, but their
influence was minor at that time* Now, iritien the various Christian denominations
made a Joint effort to attain their former aim in a new and milder way, the School
Board entered a troubled situation for some weeks* Threatened from two sides, the
Board probably will find it as the most advantageous solution to assign the booklet
of the Messrs Bcurros, Bonney and Onahan erstwhile to a Committee that will not be
pressed for speed* Because of its personnel the Board may not accede to the
proponents of biblical ethics* It will depend upon the new nominations, idiich the
Mayor has to make in summer, whether the zeal of the Bible friends will prevail
or not*
The ethical teachings of the new reader are largely taken from the Old Testament
especially from the "Proverbs of Solomon**, from the book **Ecclesiastes**, and from
the "Psalms*** Put on the head of the book are **The two noblest commandments**,
which Jesus gave to his disciples (St* Mark 1S--30 & 31): **Tou shall love God
with all your heart, with all your soul, with all your mind and with all your
power* This is the first commandment, but the second one equals this: Tou shall
f^
^"bendpost, Fe'braf^r^' 1 , 1396
love your neifhbor as yo^.: love yourself ♦ T>iere is no hirfier ccr;r.andnent th;in
this,"
Ufider the titls, "Blessed children" is nr.rr-ted, how o'esus of irazareth said, "Suffer
little children to come unto si.^ and forbid them not, for of such is the PIin£:dom
of Heaveiu" Cf the tracliticn-^. of tho Jewish nation '^re recorded the dreams and
adventures ".f Joseph, who althou:}:h sold into slavery "by his "brothers, "becane,
throu-rh virtue and v;it, ruler of the lliyi^tlan Empire. Purther, the hook contains
extracts from the penal code of Moses, which certainly stsnds in shocking
contrast to the corresponding ;>aragr'?phs of the r^g^jlatlons of Illinois,
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GL^RMAN
The Illinois Staats-Zeitung, Sept* 30, 1893
THE KKOVWIOTIIING FIGIIT liAS BEEN RSSUI^IBD
(Editorial)
Since the eagerness of the Know-Nothing element did not succeed in
banishing progress from our public schools, it is not at all surprising
that the old attempts which have been in vogue for years are now being
applied to the Normal School.
For those who happen to be uninformed, the Normal School is a seminary
where women are educated to become future teachers of our county schools.
It is under the jurisdiction of a highly respected pedagogue, Col. Parker,
who is a staunch crusader of the Pestalozzian educational method. This
method practices the gradual and pr oppressively systematic development of
the mind, as opposed to the inane drilling which has been the usual method
in America for years. Ihe ITormal School of Cook County achieved distinction
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The Illinois Staats-Zeitimg, SeiA* 30, 1893.
under Col. Parker's leadership and its students are sought as teachers
throughout this, and other States. They are growing into a veritable
army of apostles that represent the progress of education.
This naturally incites our dense and sulking iCnow-Nothings and the 7/hig-
adherents who now resort to the battle cry: ^'Down with the fads!**; and
fads include everything beyond the three R*s. In this instance, the
onslaught is directed against Col. Parker. Not that they feel any par-
ticular animosity towards the Colonel, but in ousting him, they endeavor
to reach the method. Indeed, their hopes and wishes go far beyond that.
There are many people, especially in the Irish contingent who wish to de-
throne the entire school by attacking its leader. They desire to abolish
the seminary. It disseminates too much knowledge.
Small wonder then, that they selected the same Thornton for their banner-
bearer who for years proved himself to be an obstinate adversary of Parker^
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The Illinois 3taats-Zeitung, Sept. 30, 1893.
The fact that their man never attended a higher institute of learning is
not a detriment by any means. That he is incapable of judging the relative
merits and results of different educationw.l methods, is immaterial; be it
then that his own limitations qualify him. It suffices that he is antagon-
istic toward Parker's creed, that he is willing to lead the anti-Faddist
faction, and is prepared to appear as the apostle of intellectual de^^eneracy.
By doing this he assures himself of support from the anti-Faddists and
the Know-Nothings toward that final goal, the dissolution of the Normal
School*
Thornton is also the attorney for !s!r. Beck. The latter was a wealthy man
at one time. Duri^_«^ this luxurious period of plenty, he magnanimously
deeded the ground on which the school now stands to the county.
A stipulation was attached to this philanthropical present by ¥x. Beck,
I A 1 a - 4 - aJHIIi\IT
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I C The Illinois Staats-^Jeitiing, Sept, 30, 1893.
specifying that the property vjoiild revert to hiJi or his heirs, if it
should ever be used for other purposes than those incorporated in the
document.
Ivlr. Beck is now inpoverished, ana he v/oula be quite satisfied if the
Normal School vieve abandoned.
There is no lav; in this land v/hereby present::^ iriay be revoked, nor any
statute, like the one in Germany v/hereby the recipient can be compelled
to pay a suitable rental, or commensurate v;ith the value of the property
to the donor; if such a donor should meet with adversity at some subsequent
period. There is that precedent, the famous Oar st en-Li cht erf elde case.
Obviously i-x. Beck's position is not enviable, but it would be sheer lunacy''
to return this property on ethical pretexts now that the improvements have
increased the value of Ihe entire community. Then there is also the
I A 1 a - 5 - GEHI.LiIT
I A 1 d
I C The Illinois Staats-Zeitung. Sept* 30, 1893 •
question of the investments roade by the county in erectin^^ the building*
It is evident that diverse interests are ivorking tov/ards the disintegration
of the school* The greatest force, however, comes from the KnovMlothing
element, and our present administration is solely responsible for this
element having attained such power on the school board. In the approach-
ing county elections, the voters will know v/hom to blame if the party leaders
do not disarm the apostles of stultification* It would be a disgrace to Cook
County if the functions of this institution are crippled or if it is allowed
to disappear entirely*
I A 1 a
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GERMAII
The Illinois Staats-Zeitung. Sept. 26, 1893,
AGAEI TEE SCHOOL-FIGHT
(Editorial)
"Col. Francis V/. Parker, director of the llonnal School, High Priest of
the 'Fad-C\ilt,* etc., finds his remunerative, comfortable job jeopardized."
Thus writes our friend, the Evening Post, crusader of nativism and enemy
of any scholastic method v;hich dares aspire beyond the elementary limits •
Exalted and jubilant at slapping the Germans once more, -those Teutons who
always considered the Normal School to be the result of German agitation
and vfho extolled Col. Parker as an unbiased, progressively inclined
pedagogue, -this English paper now predicts Parker's falll And v;hy the
sudden elation?
Our •'friend'* Charles S. Thornton, vflian Carter Harrison nominated to the City
School Board, was elevated to the presidency of the Coimty's School Council.. ♦
Parker's position is indeed \mstable now that he incurred the animosity of
the Nativists because of his energetic and sympathetic defense of the special
branches. His noble work of last winter aroused their ire more than ever I
o
(JEPJiAlI
The Illinois Staats-Zeitungt Sept. 26, 1893.
The readers of the Staats^^Zeitting may remember some of the details of that
bitter fight which Charley Thornton inatigurated against Parker... It was
the same standardized form of attack against a school system v/hich Parker had
introduced. Parker's ideas made the Normal School a model institution for
our land. In his zeal he even printed pamphlets denouncing Parker. V/hy?
At that time it was alleged that Thornton was the attorney of the man who
presented the plot of ground on which the Ilormal School stands. And now that
the gentleman is impoverished, he would like to re-claim it, as the property
became valuable. If it would be possible to oust Parker, then the first
step towards the abolition of the institution would be accomplished. By
such conniving, the centrally located ground would revert to the former
owner, in conformity to certain stipulations of the deed; it all hinges on
the special branches and is very cleverl This then was construed as the
motive.
Thornton was not successful at that time. Since then, and in spite of all
warnings, Harrison made Thornton a member of the City's School Board. The
opportunity came after a Geiman committee expressed its thanks to the mayor
- 3 • GERMAIT
The Illinois Staats-Zeitung, Sept. 26, 1893.
and considered Thornton ^'all right*** Thus Thornton became a member of
the City's School Board, besides being a member of the County School Council.
Nov/ comes the climaz: the V/ard politician and ex- superintendent of the
letter-carriers, Col Donovan, was made a member by the present County
Cotincil. - He came to the County School Council a full-fledged member. It
was accomplished quietly and unobtrusively, a crime for v/hich our county
elders deserve a trouncing next November. Thornton also provided for the
re-election of his former ally. Dr. V/alden, q definite nativist.
Parker's ousting was the v/atchword at yesterday's session of the Coxrnty
School Council, and hear ye, Thornton, Donovan, Vialden, and the present
president of the County Council, Edmanson, voted for Thornton. Cameron,
also a member of both boards, left the meeting because he did not care to
vote for Thornton. Three others. Cutting, Biroth, end Bright followed suit.
Thornton v;as declared to be elected, 4 to zero. /^
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PossiWiyf this election may be overruled, but Donovan and Thornton, bosses \o
of the Carter Party, are firmly entrenched in the saddle and will not rest \t
- 4 - GERMAN
The Illinois Staats-Zeltmig, Sept. 26, 1893.
\mtil the •* Academy of Fads,"* a title vrhich Thornton bestowed upon it, will
be crippled by Parker's fall^
Who, tha:^ of oiir prominent Germans sanctions Thornton, and who commends
Harrison's predilection for the special branches?
IVho does not listen, must feell The progressive element can blame no one
but itself if the school fight v:ill nov; include the County schools.
Thornton, Donovan, Halle, a real pro-German trio I
:.n '*•' ••^- .\ ;
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X TH O
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B 2 Illinois Staats Zeitungt Aug, 3, 1893*
W^ TRUDE IS PRSSIDSWr... OF THE SCHOOL
•*• ^ B0.4RD....
p« 6«« A* S* Trude is the president of the school board • He was elected
yesterday by that august body and will keep that position throughout the
coming year* S« G« Pialle, the great pedagogue who professes esteem and inter**
est for Gerxsanism, insults the Turner and all the Germans in his famous
English manner; indeed, he remains entirely oblivious to the efforts of the
Germans v^o have and are still fighting to have gymnastics taught in the
public schools.
This then it the beginning of the school board *s new fiscal year* The elec«»
tion of officials was quietly and quickly accomplished. The mayor's party
(Harrison) agreed to select Trude. The results showed 11 pro, eight against
and he was thus elevated to the seat of the mighty.
The opposition which supported Cameron was routed. Only six votes rallied
to his support, the other two favored Brennan and Thornton.... The appoint-
ment of the two gymnastic teachers was postponed.
It must be remembered that Director Suder recommended eight gymnastic teachers.
- 2 - GERMAN
Illinois Staats Zeitung^ Aug. 3, 1893»
including Cobelli and Jahn, but the two great Germans, Halle and Boldenweck,
in order to satisfy their political obli^tions, substituted Schmidhofer and
Grundhofer* The contention of Messrs* Rosenthal, I^llette, Beebe and others,
that this is a matter which really should be decided by the supervisor, was
ignored by Halle and Boldenweck. It amounted to this: ^le have the power
and we employ those vdio suit us.**
But yesterday Halle went still further. He declared openly that it was
immaterial #10 was teaching gymnastics, as it is a matter of arms and not of
brains any one could teach such nonsense.
After Halle had expressed himself in such a deprecatox*y manner about gymnastics
a subject with which he is about as conversant as he is with English or Ger-
man - he tried to convince the other members also. He told every one, it
made no difference who was teaching such arm exercises, and naturally, a mem-»
ber asked somewhat surprised, if gymnastics being of such minor importance,
would it not be better to drop it altogether?
But let us say this much for the German Gym-teachers; they have done enough
•*Brain-work" to speak German and English correctly, and that is more than can
• 3 - . G5RMAN
Illinois Staat3 Zeitun^, Aug. 3, 1893.
be said of soma school board members.
Tom Cusacky one of the Council men, showed himself as a better friend of
the Grermans. He labored assiduously for the acceptance of Sudors' recommend-
ations and was adequately supported by Rosenthal, Mallette, and Beebe, but
after bringing the issue to a vote for the fourth tijne, Halle's protegees,
Schmidhofer and Grundhofer, were elected nevertheless*
Cusack's motion to nominate Cobelli as Gym-teacher for the Deaf Mute School
was referred to the Committee on Gymnastics and it is to be hoped that Presi-
dent Trude will not appoint Halle as a member; a worse man could not be found*
The Turners have no greater enemy, no one Tsho nullified their efforts as much
as Halle, vftio did his share in abolishing the German language instruction in
our schools.
He is Carter Harrison's chosen leader of the Germans. V/hat will the Turners
say vfho have been so instrumental in achieving Hallo's renomination?
WPA (ill.) PRCJ. 30273
I ▲ 1 a
GERMAN
ABSNBPCST. June gth, IS93. ' WFA vu,} rKCi.30Z75
The Salaries of S-oecial Course Teachers.
The City SchoollDoard has in its yesterday* s meeting, regulated the salaries of
the special course teachers. The Superintendent's salary of German instruction was
raised to '^000 Dol"^. ars, the superintendent's of sinking in the Grammar Schools to
2S00 Dollars, tho Superintendent of Singing in the Primary Schools 2^00 Do'''ars, the
Superintendent of Drc/^ving 2800 dollars, and the superintendent of sewing l600 Dollars,
The Assistant Superintendent of Drawing receivps the first year ISOO Dollars, the
second year 2000 and for the third year 2200 Dollars. S-oeciel teachers rec^ix-e the
first year 1000 Dollars, the second year 1200 Dollars, the third year I3OO Dollars,
the fourth year l^tOO dollars, the fifth year I5OO Dollars and the sixth and each
following year I6OO Dollars. - The husiness-mana^^er of the Schooll)oard was instructed,
to ask for l)ids to erect six new school l^uildings, six on the Testside and one on
the Northside, According to inforrotion received '^rom the Schoolhoard, this year's
siimnner vacations will hegin Friday, June 23rd»
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Illinois otuats-^eituiig, Tav 21, 189-5
■ ■Mil IMIBM.I. I ■!■■■■« I I I l"^ ' ^ '
.-oi Appeal To Oeriiian-Americans
1>;/ice so far t-^e i.ationai G-3ri,Tan-/vn'5rican Teachers /issociation has held its
annual :.'i3ctlii.-; in Chica.^o, and tv/ice the teachers have enjoyed the hospitalit3^
of the C>err.ians of this City. This happened in 1884 and in 1888 • Tho teachers
'vill have another r.r:otin,q: this year. It uust be held in Chicago, on account
'of the .:crld»s Fair.
Miat the rational Crerr;ian-/Cierican Teacrier's .Lssociation ains to achieve is
fairly -./ell knovm to the Cernan. ■ It is tne duty of all the Ceman-:'iin'rican
to help to introduce v'^rifian nethods and peda.2;o;'^y and to see to it that the
superficiality of tjie "school na* an" is replaced by Crerhian thoroughness and
conscientiousness. Cnly such nan and v/omen should take \xo the hi^h profession
of teacinp; v;ho are dovoted to it, and possess an a-otitude for it. The nost
for:.iative poriod in the life of a ciiild sjioula not bo left to th-^ -jhira; of
irresponjible youn.; aen and v.'Oiien. This ex])reo.jos the chief ai':i of the IT.Cr.A.T./l.
and includes, as a iriatter of fact, the culture and pro::iotion of the German
t-v
"**•/
Illinois Stiiats- ..eitunp.^ Tay 21, 139:3 •
lan:;:ua;3e and Crernan literature.
Trie local Teachers CoriiMittee v:ill v/elcone the raernbers of the association, '.;ho
v;ill be joined by iiany collea-^iues frora the Old O.untry, .lov/ever, our funds
are insufficient to proporly receive froiU 400 to 500 .quests, 7or this reason
we appeal to the Crer:.ians, to the irionas of thr- teachers, for financial aid,
7;e need several hundred dollars, and it s'lould not be difficult to collect
t.ien iiiriiediately. The teacher's conference v;ill take place from Julj'- 6 to jf^
July 8 inclusively. Details v;ill be published in the press. /V? \
Contributions of arvy ciriount ^^i'J. bo acceptod by tho treasurer, Irofo^-^or G. .''V ''V
Baiiber.'^or, 3216 Vernon ..ve., or, 91 ~udd Street (Jev/ish Training School) and "^^"' ''
vjill be ackno':lt;dp:ed throuf^h the :nediira of the T)r5ss.
7or the Local Teacher's Coriiittee
CI-. :^amberp:er
-,»>^
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GERIiiirJ
Illinois Staats-Zeitung, Apr, 9, 1893.
GERLIAII-AlvISRICAN V;OLxEN»S CLUB FOB THE FROMOTION OF EDUCATION.
Q,uite a number of German women assembled last Tuesday afternoon at the
Orpheus Hall in the Schiller Building. Mrs* D. Boettcher opened the con-
ference by explaining briefly the purpose of this gathering. According to
the letter of invitation, a Mrs. H. C. Brainard, President of the World's
Congress Auxiliary for Higher Education, has requested the German women
of this city to represent Geiroany, through a capable v/oman, at the Congress
of Education, which is to be held next July, in connection with the World's
Fair. Miss Boettcher stated that the American women have done much for the
World's Fair and that the Germans should make it a matter of pride and honor,
not to take a secondary position in this matter....
At the conclusion of a brief talk by Kiss Boettcher, the women elected Mrs.
Dr. Bluthardt, president. Miss D. Boettcher, secretary, and Mrs. Ch. backer,
treasurer. ...
iifter an eloquent address by Mrs. M. F. Crov/, Mrs. M. Werkmeister proposed
to invite Miss H. Lange to the Congress of Education, and to pay her traveling
- 2 - GEFJ^iAlT
Illinois Staats-Zeltupg. Apr. 9, 1893,
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expenses* The motion vbb accepted unanimously* Arrangements were made to
take up contributions for this purpose and the secretary was requested to
communicate v/ith Miss Lange, and to convey the invitation to her.
Among the German v/omen present, besides those already mentioned, were:
Hedwig Voss, Von Ammon, L. Schaffner, II • Lieb, J. V. Kloeber, L. Glade, G#
Kapp, L. Carqueville, A. Kirchhoff, U. Stern, C. Seeger, Loeb, Becker,
Cyller, Miss Boldenweck, and others* After concluding this most important
nnatter of the day, it v/as decided to make this temporary organization a
permanent one. They agreed after a lengthy debate to call it The German-
American v:omen's Club for the Promotion of Education. Details about the
purpose and aim of this new club will be discussed at the next meeting,
vdiich will taice place Thursday, April 13, at 3 P. M. in the Orpheus Hall,
Schiller Building.
All the Gennan women v;ho have an interest in the problem of education are
urgently requested to attend this meeting, and to also invite their friends
to attend*
I A 1 a
GERMAN
Chicago Tribune, Feb, 24, 1893.
A meeting of the Board of Education was held last night* A large delegation ^
of German^American citizens, headed by Congressman^elect Goldzier^ occupied o
one end* President UcLaren announced that the question was liiether or not ^,
the study of German shall b^ dropped at the end of the present year* r^
Mr* Halle presented Congressmem-elect Goldzier, chairman of a committee
representing the recent meeting of representatives of German^American societiea^
With but a few words of introduction Mr* Goldzier read a memorial which had
among others the following pleas for retaining GenoEUi in the public schools:
**The Germans-American citizens of Chicago , numbering over one*third of the
population of this city, have learned with regret that a proposition is
pending before your honorable body having for its object the abolition of
the so-c€dled specicd studies, namely -» the study of the German language,
physical culture, music, drawing and modeling, in our public schools* The
proposition, in our humble opinion, is dangerous in the extreme, and inimi*
cal to the best interests of our public school system*
'^e think that the time when a knowledge of the renowned three •Tl^s** was
considered a sufficient education has passed, and we believe that the
I A 1 a -2- GERMAN -■
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Chicago Tribune t Feb* 24^ 1893* <,
«
children of this generation are entitled in the schools of the people to all
such instruction necessary for their future careers ^ and to all such instruct
tion as tends to make better men of them*
rv>
"We think that instruction in our public schools should be so ample as to ^'^
dispense absolutely with the necessity of private schools* Econony which
curtails the amount of instruction to which our children are entitled seems
to us to be of the wrong kind^ and we suggest that a prosperous city like
ours should not be deterred by monetary consideration from giving to our
youth its due in the matter of a proper education**^
The delegation of German-American citizens present applauded Mr. Goldzier
heartily. For three hours the members of the Board of Education wrestled
vainly with the problem. At the end of that time they sent the whole subject
of fads back to the committee on School LSEmagement, from lAience it had come*
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Illinois Staats Zeitun,^, Jan. 11, 1893,
G0V:::R!I0R 4LTG3LD ON TIS .;USSTION OF
COI:IPULSORY SCIICOL ATT^N:3AnC3*
G^Ri:.AH
The ner: leader of the State of Illinois t'ikes the proper stand in regard to
the school question. Ke demands not only the absolute cancellation of the
Edwards statute, but insists upon the creation of a nev/ coiipulsorj'' school
law v/hich is devoid of the '•ICnow-Nothing-ness'* of the former, and he empha-
sizes, that the state cannot tolerate a condition, where children can be
raised in ignorance and become addicted to criminality.
Governor Altgeld^s desire for a new improved act is Justified at this parti-
cular time, as amongst various members of the victorious party, one notes
attempts to abrlish the Sdv/ards statute, without passing a new compulsory
school law» Such a procedure, as we shall show, v/ould not only be unjust
but it is also v erj" impractical and stupid. The Democratic state platform
has exposed the deficiencies and slyness of the Ed\7ards law in a most master-
ful manner and shaved hov/ it intended to create a
new act
but it omitted one
phase, the demand for a nev/ statute, after abolishing the old one.
- 2 -
Illinois Staats Zeitung, Jan. 11, 1393.
GL^^'LIN
1
In his acceptance speech, at the tir:© of his nor.iina.tion and durin[_; his cam-
paign, he laid particular stress upon co.ipulsor;^ school attendance without
interference v.dth the parental right to reelect schools, and he vras opposed
to anything v;hich hain*:?ered r)rivate and ^:>arochial schools. Tliis sane atti-
tude is also expressed in his official proclarnation. The idea of compulsory-
school attendance is typicali^r Gernan, and tho Gerrrxinr.lnericans in this
countnr \7ere heartily in favor of it.
Hov; absolutely necessary it is to have a school attendance la\7 v/ith teeth in
it, is readily shovn by the problem of truancy, here in C'nicago and the Inx
enforcement in Illinois* The Sdv/ards law v/as more concerned with dominating
the German r)arochial schools than with applvin'^ pressure to enforce a com-
pulsory attendance.
The grevt ::njority of the voters who swept the Democratic platform into
office '.:ould be disaTDr)ointed an^l iDainfully offended if our strte should be
- 3 - * GinUIAN
Illinois Staats Zeituiv-^, J- n. 11, 1S93«
devoid of a pov/eriul and just school la\7 which v/ould make attendance an
uncoinprorrdsing necessity, Durinr; the election ye'ir of 1892, and the dis-
sension of 1890, most of the op^oients of the iildv/ards lav/ decla.red in em-
phatic terms, th'-.t the attendance clause in itself should and must be re-
tained.
The Gern?.in precursor L-r, Raab, th':^.t excellent scholar, expressed the same
sentiments. That a i^ere revocation of the 3d\/ards lav/ v/ithout a replacement
by a better statute is foolish, becoiaes evide'it to everyone after a little
introsr^ection. This school problem could be satisfactorily settled and
\70uld promote peace for :-:any years, if an adequate lav/ v/ere to be drafted;
all parties ^;fill consid'^.r it as a definite e.nd above all, final soluision of
a question ^'.hich has rocked our state, just as the Bennett lav; in '.Tisconsin
needed revision and v/as superceded.
If the prese'nt Illinois leq:islatui"e refrains froin cr^atinj a new act, after
eliminating the form-^r, then the school quGS-:ion 'vill flare up a<3~in.
- 4 -
Illinois 3tr.".t3 Zeitun,-'-, Jn. 11, 1393
G"R!.;^1I
Th^n also, there is the tirobaoilitv thn.t in the lut^are sorr.e other- ,'ovornor
and represeiitativcs 'vill fa.shion a la\7 v;hi(^h ic not 30 beneficial to our
private and parochial schools as t-^e statute ./hich our present laiz-tos/cers
may pass at this session •
"^ut the st'^jrn adnonitio^-^. of GrCv?rnor 'It^^eld v/ill not fail to influence our
le'j;islatur3, . . and Illinois ^;ill hsve a scr:ool la:: in conformity v.ioh the
Alt re Id sr^irit.
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Gymnartics.
The CniCcY£;o Committer of the I'^it^rnrtiorifd Cvonfr«ss for Kcucation, held a
meeting, -nresided "by' the Gjonnast Ghr.rles B^ry, "Dr. Reuter was elected a memher of
the Board and the f inanci^:! committee was formed "by Mr. Phillip Greiner and the
ladies Parker and Leewens. Ti^ie question ."^^hout the chances of a iDuhliCr tion, as a
propaganda for the Congr'^ss, has oe^n referred to this cormittee.
The recommendations of Prof, Suder and the gynnpstic teacher Kindervater to
send invitations rhroad, hav** "b-^^n r.ccp-^ted. The dehates for the Congress are
limited to education, recre^-ti'^'-e rnr] medical gymniiStics. The next meeting mil
take pl/rce Saturday afternoon ^t h o'clock.
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Illinois Staats - Zeltung May 14t 1892.
BASIC CAUSE OF TliE SCHOOL AND PROHIBITION
TYRANNY
Altgeld's public utterances during his present travels through the state of
Illinois are very frank* But he also penetrates into the bases of these
niatters*
Altgeld thinks that spiteful school laws of the Edv/ard type and the absurd and
oppressive prohibition laws are the product of a so-called aristi^jcratio arro-
gance v/hich ifc{ entirely irreconcilable with a true republican form of govern-
ment. People affected by this arrogance consider themselves as belonging to a
better class, because they were born in this country, or because fortune smiled
upon them. Therefore they are presumptuous enough to tell the people to raise
their children according to a definite pattern, and are trying also to control
the habits of people in regard to drink.
"Both of these kinds of tyrani y Altgeld wants abolished* He asserts that the
state has no right to interfere with private or church schools, but at the same
. 2 - GERMAN
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Illinois Staats > Zeltun^ May Ht I892.
time he recognizes the duty and right of the state to insist that parents
give their children at least an elementary school education, without being
restricted however in their choice of a school*
According to Altegeld's well-founded theory and personal viewpoint the state
can only dictate to individuals in regard to habits of life including the use
of alcoholic beverages when it becomes absolutely necessary to the maintenance
of peace and public order*
Altgeld lias not come to these conclusions since he became a candidate for
governor but they were his own convictions • He stated them long agOf and are
the result of his studies and meditations about these important public
questions •
I A 1 a GERMAN
^ ^ ?• 5 ^ Illinois Staats > Zeltung Jan. 29f 1892#
1 A 1 a ' ' '
SILLY RAVINO
Soma months ago the Hhglish Press almost unalplously recommended the benefits
of manual instruction for our youtht and demanded Its introduction into all
public schools. The Chicago Herald and the Chicago Evening Post Indulged in these
praises especially enthusiasticallyt and surpassed all other newspapers.
However, now that the Board of Education has appropriated a small amount for an
experimental introduction of manual training in the public sohoolsf the same
press is howling fiercely against wasting the money of the taxpayers, on the
introduction of a fad. Again it is the Herald and the Evening Post which are
the loudest in their protest against something which they formerly recommended
so highly.
It is indeed, permissible to change one's mind in regard to ©rtain matters, and
to renounce a thing which we have acclaimed previously, if this change is based
upon bad results of a test which has been executed. But to change one's mind
before a test is made, and to bitterly criticize officials » because they did what
was urgently demanded of them» is indeed an absurdity. Perhaps the English
press was of the opinion that rianual training could be introduced and instructions
- 2 . SERMAH N ^l ^
Illinois Staats - Zeltung Jan. 29, 1892#
V!^
given v/ithout any expense and if so* their raving should be directed against
their own folly.
Uanual training is recognized by all modern pedagogues as an excellent and
indispensable means of education. It is worth a trial even if it should cost
more than has been calculated*
Instruction in German in our public schools is also considered a fad by the
English press, against which they are raving* Usually it continues until the
budget consultations are completed cuid then nothing more is heard about itf
and being accustomed to it, it is of no effect. However $ it does not matter!
If they and their readers derive pleasure from this, let them rave.
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' Abendpoat. December I5, ISgi.
A favorable opinion.
The Cook Cotinty Normal School yi sited by experts.
GSRMAN
A number of well-lcnown German-American pedagogues ylelted yesterdajr, upon request
of the "School Heform Conmittee** of the North American Turner Fund, the Normal School
of Cook County.- Among the visitors were: Messrs. Emil Dapprich, Director of the Oer-
man-American Teaxjhers Seminary in Milwaukee, John Tonsfeld, director of the well-known
institution of the same dame in St.Louis, Mrs.Clara Schmidt of Cincinnatti, Urs.Analia
Ende of the Ende's Grrl Institute in Chicago, Messrs. Fritz Paulus, Fritz Karsten and
Carl Bruck of Milwaufeee and the Turner •s William Waterstsaat, Oscar Sputh, Henry Stein-
hock, Carl Plnm and Albert Sauer.
The Governor of the Institute Col. Parker, received the visitors in a most amiable
manner, after which they went to the different schoolrooms, to see with their own eyes
the methods of teaching employed. The Gentlemen were very much pleased, with what
they saw and heard, and expressed their appreciation about the personnel as well as the
Management. Having spent a few hours in a most pleasant way, the visitors took their
leave. In the near future, the "Turn societies" will submit resolutions to the effect,
that the German-American Turners are greatly interested not only in this Institution
but also in the prosperity of school affairs in georal.
I A 1 a GERMAN
I F 1
Illinois Staats Zeitung, Sep. 18, 1891.
SCHOOL AND PARTY POLITICS. VifPA ^-d.) FRU. j02/5
To combine educational problems with politics can only be justified in a
case of emergency* Such a case existed for the Germans at the last state
election in Illinois^ therefore they supported unitedly one party against the
other, because a very urgent educational problem Tsas involved •
It is abaitf'd, however, to arouse animosity against an educator under ordinary
circumstances, because of his party affiliations. A revolting case of thisn"
kind happened several years ago when a predominantly Republican School Board
fired one of the best men, because he nas a Democrat •
Likewise did the Chicago Democrats recently fight against the election of
Lane, one of the most efficient educators, because he is a Republican. But
to the credit of the local Democrats it must be admitted that many of them
desired his election.
The School Board has now elected him with an ovendielming majority as super-*
intendent of the public schools in Chicago.
I A 1 a
GERMN
Illinois Staats > Zeltung Jun# 26. 1891. ^^^A (lu,, h>,Uj,30^/i
OUR PUBLIC SCHOOLS.
The pride of the American is his free public school* He is proud of it,
because it is extremely expensive. According to his viewpoint, everything
which is ex pens i vet must be good*
It is certain that the Americans spend more money for schools than does any
European nation or community* It also must be admitted that the American
public school system is very excellent Insofar as it offers the same opportunity
of education and preparation to all alike, to the child of the poorest working*
man* as well as to the child of the millionaire* But what can be said in regard
to the real purpose of the public school? Can it provide an education to suffice
for life? As already mentioned, the opportunity is available, but the question
is whether this opportunity is taken advantage of or not*
If we consider the number of pupils graauating from our grammar schools, the
desired answer will be clear* Over 141tOOO v/ere recorded in our primary and
grammar schools for a full course of eight years* At least 10^ of these, or about
41,000, should have graduated from the higher grade of grammar schools, making
ample allowance for sickness, death, and other causes, but there were only ij^84
I A 1 a - 2 • GERMAN
^ ,^^, yypA(iLL)PROJ.302/5
Illinois Staats ^ Zeitun^ Jun^ 26 t I89I.
of them* According to these figures only 28 or 29 children out of every 100
receive the necessary eduoationt nAiioh is considered absolutely essential for
life. The other 72 or 73 of every 100 receive only a part of this equipment t
and some of them, very little*
The school records of I889-9O disclose the fact that during that period 17f926
children passed from the primary schools into the grammar schools; but we find
only li)f789 in the second grade, 12,775 in the third and only 9f007 in the fourth
which is less than half of the total enrolled* Thereforct it is clear that over
9,000 children left school before they received that knowledge and educationt
which is thought indispensable for a successful struggle in life* They have
been forced into the struggle for bread because of necessity, or their parents
desired it, or they disliked learnin^;*
To make the portrayal of this situation more complete, it must be added that of
the 4,284 pupils graduated from grammar schools, only 307 of them or 17 - 18 of
every thousand who should have finished grammar school, showed a desire for
higher or high school education*
We have tried before to analyze the reasons why so few children finish school*
The custom of taking the child, particularly the boys, out of school and use
4
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1 a - 3 - GERiMAN
V-'PA t':Ll) PRO;. 302/5
Illinois otaats - Zeitung June 26, I89I, i.rr- k-»- •'
hirj! in business nnd elsewhere, -as noon as he seems physically able, has become
so prevalent, that quite frecuently even unwilling parents submit to it» The
averar^e boy in this country thinks it iti contemptuous to sit on the school bench
after he is fourteen years old, but he finus nothing wrong if he failed to finish
gracjnar and in many oases not Qw^n jri.uary schools
Unquestionably, this la^ienta le habit or custom contributes its share to the
delinquency of tha large nuiubers of children who tlius enter life with very
defective equipment.
However, is the school entirely v/ithout flaws? Is it not true that the monotonous
methods of instruction are also responsible for so many children leaving school
so early and who prefer to intrust themselves to the more stern taskmaster, life
itself?
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Die Abendpost, November 9th, 1390*
School Instruction and Home-Lessons.
Our teachers, particularly the teachers of primary schools, are inclined
to "believe, that a child is the property of the School. This is an error.
We have of course a law, which compels the child to go to School* As a rule,
all parents are glad and willing to send the child to school for its own "benefit
and future. But the child belongs first and last to the family, which has the
right to dispose of all free time, left for the child after leaving the school-
house for home. No child should learn and study without the actual assistance
of the teacher. Therefore, during the school hours the child should be com-
pletely under the guiding authority of the teacher. Home work should be
avoided, as they will always interfere with the recreation and time of the
child and the Home-Authority of the parents.
0'^
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Illiri'^is ita--)ts Zeitung, I Jo v. 1, 1830.
G:;:R!iAN PU- CHJi ..ILL DhlV^ Tf:.-] iJ.Dia'HIuUS HYP0CnIT:3S CN ;I0V313:^:R 4TK.
With what holy 3eriGus..es3, v/ith v/h-^t perseverance and activity the uerrn-^n
Lutherans have i'our::?.t a[3riihst the atrocious cc:::pulscry school law, the object
of which is the aooli"::ion of the Cler:mn lan^^ua el I'hat mass irieetii^;; at the Second
Re-'*inient Armorv, vesteraa", showed th^it ohe lieht for the cancej-iation of
Edward's creation proceeds in e rnesi:» Althouv;;h zY.e Gorriians had listened zo this
v-uestion, tine -^nd an^.in, at the loc 1 \'mrd club3, had net there for v/eeks almost
daily, yet they c no nore th'*n 5,000 stron;;:, :ifter having heardthe question
threshed over 'ind over by speakers "^nd local candidates. ?hj.s huge participation
in the novenent sho\.vs the enthusiasi.i of the Geri:nn people for this fi/ht, \*diich
is oo protect tl'.eir ::-ost v'-lued r)0sses3icn, 'ohe aernan Lan.^uage, Tot onlv the
hu;';^e crowd and the ze^^l of gh^ leadership of that capable scl^iool leader, Heinrich
R.anb, but above all, the lon^- sustainea applause v.hich greeted the speaker* s words,
the jubilant acclaim ana exhilaration .;ith which the multitude expressed its
hurrah's for Raab, proved how the people coincide with his opinion on the Gerrmn
r:rivnte schools, fherefore we c-"n truly s y, th' t the first shot his been firmed
to destroy the wall, which the native hyDOcrites and Gsrinan haters have fashioned
out of lies and calumny in order to entrench the:. .selves behind it.
'^^ ^
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1111 n-ir ot ats "eitu:;-, !!ov. 1, 1830.
Ths success oi the meetinp ims far 'jre-ator than its arr^n ers hoped for ajid ail
the ir£i.licious aGseroions of the i^rr'.lish party prosSj tiiP.t only a small, infinites--
iC.a.1 part of tlie ossified, dyed in vhe wool Gerrian lr:ji\lgrant element would •>.ppoar
in the fi'-'ht against the conpulsory sciiool lav/, encountered diB-^-ster. Punct-jally
at 3 o'clock the irunenso h'^ll, festively decorated v/ith the .j.'ieric n flag -ind
garlands, Wis cro\/ded, even the standing; room rein^; fillod in time by an enthusi-
astic asseir.bly in \/hich the younger rrenerati.n vris ven'' much in evidence. The
meetin<^ oioened v/ith the nation?:.! anohein, slaved bv '\n orchestra located in the
p:allerv, whereupon lr» D.'.ener p^ave a short Drolo^:ue in which he declared, that
the school .^uostion proved to be a greater ::ii.gnet than the appearance of Tom Reed,
who had spoken in t' ^-'- same hall recently. He introduced "ohe first speaker of the
evening, Francis A. Hoffman, Jr. His speech: *^The English press accuses us of
being opposed oo the compulsory school I'jw. I ask: Show me any one , in the
upper strata or below, in urbane or bucolic districts, old or young, man or woman,
v;ho c 11 themselves German, v/hio does not favor a compulsory school lav;. Is there
any r^ice which h^s done ';s much for education, as we Germans? All those v;ho are
here, intendin^^ to achieve something, must 30 to Jhe hi^^h schools of Crerrrxiny in
order ^o excel in medicine, .iuris-prudence, and zhe natural sciences, /.broad, in
Gerir^aiy, they find the basic sciences and tho true ambition to acquire knov/led^e*
-3-
^ ^I^Pi
ry
xi lino is 5t .-ts Zeitunj, llov. 1, 1390 •
The f'lrnily I C';.me from ms poor. ^ I know v/}iereof I speak when I takvO up the school
question. .11 the fjermr.ns in the \ddison Colony v/ore poor ut th'vt time; yet they
starved in order to s'^ve enough to hire n. pastor ^^rd a school teacher. The pros-
perous inhabitants of ttet districL './ere ail 'inericnno; yeo Vfiej liad no schooll
But the poor C-ernr ns, raostly servants -md serv^no s^^ls, subm.bted to sacrifices
and so oi)t-.iined the necessary funds to found a s::/?.ll C-er::.vn school md church,
Elvery !:ian wore his co-^t '^noth.er ve'^r, ev-jrv v/on'in oconcnized in the household to
secure a '}Qr\:)Ji\.n C/iurch, a Geri-nn school '.'nd this inechod prevail aa oni'ou;yiou6 the
county ;\nd the entire nation, What ar-v our intensions ir tliis .movement? ..'e want
our opponeiits \jO dosis^, to let us live in peace, ..e have not started this fi'dit.
The historv of the D-ast and present nrociaiins, that tl.e 'ierrri?-in- aneric ms cai fissert
their riT-hts, thit no enemy can subdue them v/lien "chey awiken and comprehend
the f^ir flun,^ import-ince of this grea.t cause,
'hat criine have the ^rervspn r)eoole of "v^i^rican coimaitted, that thev are treated v/ith
such coiitenpt by the English press? In t/ie st--i:tistics of the criine list, in gov-
ernment, state ''. nd ci":.y administration, the Germans show an alrnost disaopearing
p^rcent'ic-e r-'tio, "he G3rrrn is a good citizen, v/ho provides for hinself honestly,
lives oeaceiuilv, ^^.nd works in the sv/eat of }iis brov;. But if he fi-jhts, then he
uses the cud.^el in true Gero-n style J
-4-
Illinoi 3 St a a t 'i' Zsicun^: , ' o v ,
,^:y
1, lo90.
!;>-
Thank God, ^he tirr.o h'.s not yet coine. v/hen t^he ''.ierrna'i lan,;^uage r.iust bow to the
storm, and Noverrfoor 4th will sho" if v/e ar^ the sons of I'errrann, the Chorusc^ml .'
Svideaoly his speech re-iched the heart of hie lisuenern, since every '^^iaphatic
utter'-nce brou^lht enthusiastic ap:;!l'i.use -via -U ito close, a ou:..ultuo-j::: roar from
thousands.
I A 1 a S^:^
17 1
Chica 0 ^rijo^uiie, Oct.. 24, 1890. ^
a":Ri:-'' clu^>3 i*: sixth district ZT
iiclt^ith: /iLLLi:: ^chlm:::. fl
Several i. dependent clubs have non±\ir±zed as their le;;];isiator in the Sixth ^
District, pror)rietor of " brickyard in Lakevie*?, !!e is a middle afjed :mn, *'"
born in this count r^s of Gsm-^n -oarento, and ino to the ^)res3:it ti^^.e has had r-3
no connection 'dth r)artv T:tolitic3, S-
!-!e v/as nominated at a joint r'leetin;; of thi ind:-:jpendent clubi^, and has
accepted the nomination, y.iz platforn is opposi~ion ".o the present forra of
t'-.e Con'oulsorv ^dv.ca:ion la-'. The clubs se/it the ^'oled;'G^ ^-'otten uo by the
G^rr^^n Luth^rrin Co-Li::ittee to the r:3:-'Ular candidates in the Sixth District,
and reccivinr-; no reply '^hat v/as satisfactory to them lade thoir ovm nomina-
tion.
It is clai-ren by one of the nost active G3r::ian Lutherans v;ho are in the
present ii:;ht ar^ainst the school la\; that Ur. 3chlake as v/ell as I'r. Wagner,
v;ho is running in t':o Seventh District, -/ill if elected vote -vith the Demo-
crats in the le.^isl^iture on ^oartv questions, Tho S''.me man says ti-at the
Lutheran? expect to have six m.embers devote;! ^o t^^eir ideas in the
i_j. 1^ - :3 - a;^R! :a!T
Ch ics"0 '':ribu:ie, Oc.. 24, 1S9C.
It v/as erroneously st:.-tod in en iritervio";; in ^''e:^:t^-r day's 7ribu:ie th:it t;ie
Geriran Lut;':'3raii3 v/ere firhtin-- coin-oulsory odiiC'i'/uion. T-e sit^iation, as
ropeatedly explainer"!, is that, in the first place, only a portion of them
is en,^ared in the -^ros^.nt I'i'-ht, ^'ndy secondly, that -uhey do not :.:e':.n to
OD-'Oose cormulsory education bnt onl'- certair fe'^tures of the ^resent lav/.
It nhould be rer^e-ibered by t'-a:.!, hov:ev"^_^, t':* t v/hile the^f do not mean to
oppose con^ulsorj'' education, '/hile thjir declaration of principles strongly
indorses cornnuslor-' educatifvn, and tradi:ion and descent naturiill^^ disposes
Tiber': co be friendly to such a .leasure, tlie unfortuiaoe v/ordin[^ of the pledre
which their conrnittee asks the candidates to si^n comnits them to a course
opposing coi.'ipulsory education, and not only places them in a false li^^ht,
but causes candidates to './i-chhold "uheir si-^niatures v/ho are really in favor
i
--'-'
c>
le^-^islature froi.; Cook County. Is to the county '.ichet lie considers ohe
ch--.nce3 (ji the AeTOublicans rrood. lie believes that nine-oenths of the C-er-
man Lutherans and Catholics v;ill vote either for the Deniocrats or for uhe -ri
independent candidates for uhe le^isiatcire and for Raa.b for state suner- -^^
intendent of schools, but ot'ierv/ise, heinf naturally .Republicans v/ill vote
their co-.nty ticket, I'any Lutherans are opa^.sed to the policy adopted by
their co:mittee.
I A 1 a
17 1
• ^ -
GI^R1.I/JT
Chica-Q Tribune, Oc".. '?.'±. 1890.
of their position
It cannot be reDea.t3d too often tlir-.t tliis p.ledp-e lias crer.ted nothin-: but con-
fusion. A sentiment is :-.r0"/i:'i3 i\:non:j tho lermc.n LuT>h6r:?.ns that the ccr:Tnittee
::.ade a : ist^.ke and ourht to recall a pledTS tlxit is so unfortunately v/orded
and return to tho lines on T?hich the fi^'ht was corn»nenced. One of the con-
rr.ittee s^id yesterday: •*\7e are too deep in it now. *7e must fi^lit it out,
'Te cannot retreat.'*
But they decline to send out a circular exDl^inin-^ their "'i:5ied^'e" in that
sense and settin'^ the ::.atter in its ^rooer li-ht before oheir voters.
I A 1 a
IPS
lY
G:^RI.A1T
Die Acendpcst, April 21, 1890
The ccrr.pulscry schrol c.ttendj.nce questicn i nd the attitude cf the Den-
ccro.ts tcv/ards ti:e sra..e v/ill be discu^oed tc-nir:ht at Jun,;^'s 2io.ll, lOG
East Ro.ndclph Street, by attending CeriMan Lor.corats.
It prcnises tc be an inte estin^ evening;* Since it is advcce.ted tc ascer-
tain seme cf the Deuccratic sentinents t:\d vcte accordingly. Anionz the se- ^
lected speakers v;ill be lr» Lcuis ::ettlehcrst, Trtjicis xffiuan, Ceneral
i-'ieb and ethers. x
c
c -
- i
I A 1 a GERMAN
I E
Die Abendpost, Jan, 15, 1890.
BBEE SCHOOLBOOKS
(Editorial)
That the supplying of schoolbooks by the state is to be regarded as a
Socialistic measure cannot be denied. So if a Democratic GrOvernor, like
Campbell of Ohio gives his official approval on this innovation, then it
adds new proof, that the American Democracy is as little addicted to un-
limited individualism as the Manchester School in England. The essential
reasons Campbell gives, in justification of his claims are hereby appended.
The state builds schoolhouses, supplies instructors, supervises details per-
taining to education — excepting the supply of books. Does any sensible
reason exist, to deter the state from accepting this obligation? New ex-
periences in the state of Indiana demonstrate that books of similar standard
as ours, are obtained in this state at a saving of 35 -J50%. Other states
have enjoyed equal results. It appears to be a definite fact that books /
supplied directly by the state, or by contract sanctioned by it — are more (
reasonable, (comment by Editor) Very true, yet individualism* s replys
I A 1 a - 2 - GSRMAN
I E
Die Abendpost, Jan. 15, 1890«
will be: It is not the state's duty to conduct a publishing concern thus
infering that clothing, shoes, meals are also to be included. These are
exaggerations. Society knows how Socialism may be practiced and within iiahat
bounds, etc*
I A 1 a Chlcagoer Arbeit er Zeltung, July 9, 1888. G^RliAN
I F 6 --^ —
I E
M0K2 SCH00LR00I.1S KESnED/
The lack of adequate schoolromins has never been so great in Chicago as
last Monday, the first schoold'ay after vacation.
There are about 10,000 pupils in the schools, according to statistics, for
v7hom there is no provision made. The city school board has no desire to
look after their whereabouts as there is not enour^^h room for those who are
attending now.
It is indeed a shame for the city and especially for the school board that
they \'/ill not find any v/ay out of this mess. Of course, we understand that
the members of the school board, being capitalists, are not interested in
providing education for the children of proletarians, even when seasoned with
patriotism. For the last yeirs the board has taken great care to give out
contracts only where they proved to be most adv^.ntageous to its members.
Occasionally there were exorbitant sums of money spent for the erection of
palatial buildings, like the one on 32nd and Forrest Streets, but there
never was any money left for the simplest school buildings in laborers
districts.
I A 1 a
II B 2 6
I B 3 b
II B 3
Illinois 3t!<ats Zoitun-, Sept, -0, 1,37.
3
The Turn co:n;:-unio-' op^n'3d itc ./inL'jr season, last ni^h^, at the nor:,h side Tumor
h--*!!, '.s the pro;^r)/. pro:.:iseu to be one oT ifitereat uo te^^charij, the -judieace ./a
co.aposed larrt^lv oT o6*'cher3. Turner ?.; x otern acuifi'* as ciiainuan introduced
Charles 3cay as lirst spe :k-.r, Ilr* T•^ry is .;ell known for t/.e excellent services
he h?^s rendered us on the norr:Al school -.iues*. ic n, md t]ie re-senoion oT its direct-
or, hr, P'^rker, - r. -^-ry, U-ieric -n born, chose Tor his s. object "Our public
scliools" u.sin^ splendid .>eri.nn. After a short historic sketch about 's^.e develop-
ir.ent of the h.ieric-n public edac'tion-^.l systeii, 'ind a hu::iorous reriark -ibout tlie
nov7 abolished system of :.':e:.iorizin[::, he devoted his speech to comparisons betv/een
the oublic school syste^n oi .vi..eric : and *ohat of 'ferininv. Of course t;:e coi:r3arison
sho\7ed th<^.!; uhe Geri:v:.n s'^stera is i;.uch iuore eih'ective and is. .I-jsy closed liis
address \;ith the recoirniieiid'-t ion to cultivate the 'ler^ian educ-^ ti; lal system.
Tins
»» •
ft
■;as icllov/e:. b;- a clay, "A scene in a ^eriin -police court" oia^^ed oy Tour f^iei:ibers
of the dranatic school. T::e next nu.;:b;jr on Vne oror-rani consisted of a debate
concerniny the -uesuion: 'Voiud educa^i n be benefited by exclusive emalo^^nL iit
0
.:ale te* cliei^s in public schools?'*.
/2 ^
o
^
c/
11,
T. n
::;9, ldb7.
The C'":".iri.?\n's invit'-tion Tor ii ^:en3r 1 ;-.roici;v\ uio i in :,ho deb' ^e did not i'ind
any response, therefore, ^-r. "^iiry v;-";* •v.pnro-.c':ed n;-\in ;ijh ohe ro.^uest oo -ivo his
Goinion on :hi3 s:^b."^C!Ci:. re -oaid tribute to wcnen'o kind '-no. banorici:..! i-:fluence
.4. X.' ^
upon the henrt -ind soul oi' tiia chil'v, therex'or:;,
oleinent'-ry Gchool Mid ..v.le uo-^c-'arc :"oi
endorsed .'rebel's educnt ion-:.! Gvste::i,
r;reierc '\ for:r^ie te-':cher Tor the
•:. ""^
Turner beinric?. ^uder contended, i]v:t zhe ciisresr^ecu snojn zo our ■TOirien ue-'-crers
io t::c ^'eivi I'o 01* the hoi:.e 'it :::osr^hG re of t/iie Duoil, :.na c .used an o'VLOK^rzt of
ar)ol'..uso vhon ho or-^-i^oi ilie -vvoll :...nnere.. bcv »v]io, "..hen .:oe^in-^ hi^n v^culd salute
hi'^ i^ro'oerl*' ^.nd siruidnuou^l:^ re:::ove ::is bat: but v/hat disrosoecw v/ao G-;o\7n by a
boy iusb s^-'in'^ ''11. llo Suder". It ./m; a verv cuii. irtt;^ ev;jninr.
I A 1 a
II B 2 f
GERMAN (:^ p_» oj
Illinois Staats Zoitun;^:, July 9, 1887 • '^^^^^.-^
SCHOOL WORK EXHIBITION
A highly interesting exhibition of school work at the "Fair** building aniazes the
friends of our educational system. In this exliibition are included all kinds of
school work, the product of school education from different parts of the country
under the auspices of the '^National Educational Association". The Illinois ex-
hibition is of course the largest one, representing sixteen counties gtnd many
local schools. All the states, with hardly any exception, are represented by
some form of their educational school system. Five schools of skilled trades
are represented* They are Chicago, Terre Haute, Omaha, Toledo and Colorado
Springs* This section of the exhibit is under the direction of \7. ^^. Beifield,
Superintendent of the school of skilled trades in Chicago. This section in-
cludes also the laeclianical w ork from the university schools of Illinois and of
the Polytechnical Institute of Terre Haute, Indiana of ^ich lUr. Beifield is an
instructor • Althou^rh this section of the exhibit is mofft interesting, the ex-
hibit of the Kindergarten work under the direction of that brilliant German
pedagogue, V/. N* Hailmann of Lacrosse, Indiana is no less interesting. It fills
one with pride and admiration realizing that Frohbel's teaching fell on such good
soil as this our country, with the result of bearing beautiful fruit. The Cook
County Normal school exhibit under the personal direction of its manager, Mr*
K*
-2- GERMAN ■ ViPJ ?
Illinois jtaats Zeitung, July 9, 1887,
Parker, gives us a clear inside story of the excellent teaching method of this
schoolraaster who is one of great worth. This exhibition contains the work from
the kindergarten through high school. In the art department are also exhibits
from different county schools, among which we find many drav/ings, pencil
sketches, etc., and even oil paintings. In these rooms are also represented
the Chicago Art Institute, St. 1/Iary's school of Dayton, Ohio, the Institute for
the Blind in ;/isconsin; this one being known, especially for the hand work of
its occupants. Our neighbor city. Lake View, is also represented by a lovely
exhibition^
I A 1
/ . O
■^ '^ ^ Chica.^.oer Arbeiter Zeltun"> ?ebra5try 2o, 13S3* - - - .*
PU3LIC AND D^MOiilNAirONAL GGH0JL3.
It is regrettable taat the many denominational schools of Ghlcaso have
such a large attendance of pupils, which is the concequence of a poor
Public school Bystem. The blams for this falls on the corrupt citizens
themselves who are indifferent to public welfare.
The wealthy class, sends their chil'"'ren to public schools and for their
high school education they send t.iem to institutions, maintained by
public funds. Those public schools are built for this purpose only
although we won't go so far as to say that they afford all the latest
comforts of modern buildings, but it is certain that they are superior
in every resoect to the ienominatlonal schools which spring up almost
over night. In poorer neighborhoods, generally popul-ited by large
families, scnool^- are very scarce. It Is also a fact that our city
executives are not willing to grant money for the use in poorer districts,
ihe same question is handled differently when it concerns the wealthy
class. All this is the underlying cause for so many denominational schools
Public corruption is a welcome thing to tne clerics of different religious
denominations. They er'^ict schools and teach youth intolerance toward
other religions. The responsibility for all this lies with our city
Ghloap;oer Arbelter ZeitunT, i:^'^ b ru a ry 25, 1 3 85 • '"--- - - ^
executive i3. If there woull not be so mucn corruption, taxes would
be paid according to the wealth of the Individual and, the city would
dispose over sufficient funds to build InstlLutlons wriich are so much
neer^ed . Corruption suffers, that 23 to 25,033 GhicaTo's children are
in daily danger of losint3 their lives in scnools, which are nothing but
fire traps and public conscience has still not been aroused'.
So many lives are in danger because of the corruption of the city
administration, the wt^althy class of citizens and the clergy.
The yesterday's Fackel named the Catholic schools which are fire traps.
The parents have warning to act and to avoid a disaster such as that
of new York.
I A 1 a
aEHUAK
CHICAQOBR ABBEIIEBE ZEITUMG, Match 3rd, 1882/
CHICAGO*S SHAMB
Editorial
fe certainly have no intention to ohscnre the splendid condition of
Chicago* Chicago, we feel sure, will expand and become in a short time the largest
city in the United States* But of this, Chicagoans should not be proud* Even if
this gigantic progress comes to pass and Chicago outsoars all other cities, the
public administration of Chicago and the political attitude of its citizens will
be quite innocent of it*
Chicago's great development has other causesthan the present ad-
ministration with its miserly saving policy and its corrupt majority in the city
council. **But the darkest point in the picture of Chicago, the vilest blemish on its
escutcheon is the neglect of 23,000 to 30tP00 childreh of school age* This big a
cltyt whose administration cannot boast enough of its growing prosperity and high
standasrd of public order is the cause of the neglect and ruin of over 23 1 000 of
school age I because it is not building enough school houses and not employing
enough teachers » because our wealthy and opulent citizens wont provide sufficient
funds for schooling*
I A 1 a
G3RJIAN
Illinois Staats^Zeitung^ Sept* 9, 1881*
THE SCHOOL BOARD
Instruction in Drawing
The School Board at its regular semi-monthly session yesterday was present
in full numbers with the exception of Stiles, who is still in Europe
The committee on instruction recommended the addition of more teachers for
classes in German, and the following were appointed: Charlotte A. Laub,
Smma Brauschenbusch, Rosa IVidmer, and Amelia Schnell«
The committee on drawing succeeded in getting its long report adopted* It
contained a recommendation to continue the use of Smithes Method of Instruc^
tion in Drawing in all schools, including high schools, but provided that
in exceptional cases other models may be used for copying with the consent
of the principal* The report was really only a eulogy of the .Vialter Smith
system* However, much of the effectiveness of all this laudable comment
was lost, since the committee admitted that it was not well versed in the
I A 1 a - 2 - GigaJAN
Illinois Staats^^Zeltiing, Sept. 9, 1881.
matter and relied entirely on the declarations of the publisher. But
Inspector Kraus's motion was carried that the defects of Smithes method
should be corrected at the. teachers* discretion.
«
After finishing the routine v;ork, and ordering payment of bills the board
adjourned.
CAd
ff\9
cr
I A 1 a
aSRMAN
Illinois Staats-Zeltungt Aug. 1-^, 1881.
THE SCHOOL BOARD
Dissension about Lessons in Drawing
The school board was in session yesterday*
(Summary)
V
Monthly report and financial matters. uS
(Translation Continued)
Kraus called the board's attention to last month's meeting (July), ^ayingT^ that
a resolution had then been adopted advising the superintendent of schools to emr-
ploy Smith's system of teaching drawing in the high schools although at a pre-
vious meeting a resolution had been adopted advocating the discontinuance of the
method. Burroughs said that the committee on drawing and music had recommended
Walter Smith's course, but that nevertheless Kir. Hanstein had refused to adopt
I A 1 a - .? - GK^I^N
Illinois Sta'its- '.eitunr:, .xiK^. 12, 18B1.
TD
it; not only that, but he also attenpted to discharge Mrs. Dimmock, principal o
of the drawing and music classes of the public schools, in order to introduce 7^
his ovm method.
A motion ^/reis then carried to eliminate Smith's method, the members voting as
follows: for the motion, Brenan, Dunne, ?.''aas, Niehoff, Healy, PCraus, Floto,
and Delaney; opposed, Koyne, Gurrnn, Burroughs, and Bridge*
Hoyne made a motion to reconsider 3mith*s method and to table the matter for
a month. Maas iriude an amendment to the effect that ti e committee on music and
drav;ing should report at the next session the merits of Smith's m.ethod in com-
parison with others. The motion was carried, and the meeting was adjourned.
I A 1 a
I J
I C
■-* U V* ■. -. Vi .
IllinoJG Jti ts-::eitun-, ::ar. 12, 1831.
7}:: rjGHCd. sc:j;D.iL
The i\iiierica3i people speak v/ith the sajie arrogance of their ^'national sducation^^
as the Prussianr do of their "j^.lorious army." Unless thorou"*hl3'' convinced
to the contrar^^, the avera-^e /cie^^ican resents any criticisr.i on that subject.
So it happened recently tliat the vory intellect lal --r. Richard Trant "rate
v;as not considered to possess ds full laental faculty vrhen he indicated
that the sort of education included in the public school's curriculim is
by far le^-rj desirable than no education at all. ..Ithour-^h for the last
thirt^r years-Ion-: before .7hite-C)er:!ian educators have said rraich against the
miserable educational sy^te.n of this cou:ntr3'', the avera.2;e Anerican, thcuch
understanding the criticisn, rei.aained apathetic.
uliat does a "forei'^ne""" leio'-r about the intollectual needs and the ability of
study of a ''free and enlightened nation." .advice frori this sourco is not
considered coanetent to tho averar^e .'anerican. ITevertholess, some pro^2T<3ss
has been made in the fi-^ht to eliminate subjects of no consequence and the
\m
o
)i
^
s !
sL
r^^IAIT
Illinois ot-ats- "eitun-^ !'.rir. 1"^,
adoption of viore essential studies. The pro'^ress, if a-^y, is due to the
efforts of I.!r. .-Lca]7is, (:^and3on of the I^esident) v/ho, in "uincy, his place
of residence vras instruiiontal in introducin^: the Q-errmn s:;3ten of t achin/^,
because there is no doubt that it*s influence is felt in the cultivation of
of the nind| the pov;ers of t:;inl:inr and in the devoloprient of coimetent
jud-7:mont. T^o ros^ilt tis so strilrin"' that it could rot ^o unnoticed, and
ccnsiderin.^ it an entirely iievr Met/iod, call it the " .uinc;.' syste;n,*^ This
is, hoiTover , a :.ii3repre::entation oT real f-:cts, hecause the originator of that
]:iethod v;as iostalozzi, 'ind it ir., ther fore, unquestionably "^eraan. Kut if
the belief that the i-^ysteri is a national invention renders it more acceptable
to the .merican peo-ole, self deco^^tion can be tolerated indeed.
I-T. Janes !I. 31ade, a noted peda'^o^ue recently spoke at a teachers* neetin.^
held in -rev; J^orlc. On this occasion he criticized our schoc^l system :iuch
more sev^jrely than Mr. ^.Iiite ever did. lie declared the majority of the
Board of Education r:ie:nbors is absolutely incompetent. They have no idea _
of a school's responsibility or tiie importance o'^ a teacher's proficiency ^-''^
■J
a:]H::-]T
Illinois '^taats-Zeitim^?;, :'ar. If?, IScl,
and therefor j rondor educntion:."il institutions a playr:round for affected
ignorance and :^ro3s incojipotence.
The avera'-e citizer contends however, that ho is ^Arell cualifiod to Make his
ov.Ti decision in tho election of nenh3rs to the "chooi Board as v/ell as other
official:-, of the cit^' and state.
There lies the dan.^er, A rrroat Majority of our younr^ ;aen of voting a.^e
(within certain linits) are fully convinced not only of heinr^ the personifi-
cation of excellent virtues, but also of their v/isdon. The '"onoral idea
that one individual is as rrood as the other has been carried to extrenes.
Thus it becomes plausible taat in the eyes of tliose citizens voir? of the
faculty of discri:rdnation, nothin.^ should interfere v/ith the appointnent
of a barier, a boilor naker or a tavorn keeper to the hir:h callin^:^ of a
Board of xlucation nenber. Therefore, 773 say "o to the polls -ivA do :rour
duty in accordance v;ith your convictions. ..liat the result of such a broad
minded election of ochool "^oard iieMbors v/ould be is clearly?- deionstrated
- 4- - H-^^''.
^.-^
Illinois 3taats- :eitun^. Mar. 13, 1881.
by the city of Cincinnati, The i^oard of .cucation of that city is the riost
ir:norant and incapable body of nsn installec"! into that office by the public
votes,
iMCh tirae v;ill elapse before tlie -Jierican people becorie a?:are of the vilue
of .X. olade^s truthful ^^ords, na:iely; that teachinp; is a scliolari^' attain-
ment renuirin,:^ of t^ie individual an encoodin 'ly thorou^^h educational back-
p^round, 'Jeacain;* ".las been so ^ w the field in v;]iich -jor.ien predominated,
and for the vocation of which any younr fe.ialo able to read anC ^-rrite could
qualify, .md vrhy notV ./ill that is demanded of a teacher i:i that she be
able to read the question.^-j rmu ansv/ers contained in the text book. The
other renuirerient i;-: that :]hQ hear the pu;)ils' lessons, althoU;'^h she nay be
far fror.i understaiidin.^: then, '2hQ :.iode of teachinr* by our younc school-iaa'm's
is equal to that of the retired luidor-off icer or villa-'^e shepherd of a hundred
years a^io, v;ho tau,r>:ht th-^ villa-'e ycun-^sters the A "^ C *3, • » ..
lo^j lonr, before tliere is a chan'::e fro:; tiiis deplorable educational systera /o^
Illinois otaats-ZeitunfTt T'ar. 1^, 1881 •
into one o^ vmich the nation could justly be proud? "7e prefer to refrain
from a prophecy of that nature; one thin.-i; is certain ho'TSVcr, naiiGl^^; that
';;e v/ill not be hore to v;itness this nuch desired chan'*e.
I A 1 a
GERMAN
^
1 b
Illinois Staats-Zeitun^/;, Dec. ;M, 1879.
A NICE ERlSSIir
(Editorial)
The school board gave a nice Ohristmas gift to Chicago's German-speaking
population, an unexpected contribution to the festivities; nothing less
than the prospect of abolishing Gernicin instruction in our public schools.
It was a most clandestine attack. No advance inforini.tion leaked out, nothing
was saia in the press. Current business at the time consisted of estimating
expenditures for the school year. Suadenly, like a oolt out of a clear sky,
Stone made a xaotion limiting appropriations for the special branches (German,
music, Drawing) to only six months, up to July 1, 1680, instead of providing
funds for the entire year. The object of the motion was readily understood
by the German board members, anu ^hey did not fail to expose the trick.
Yet, Stone deliberately declared that the motion was quite harmless, and that,
after July 1, sufficient money would be available from other funds to continue
I A 1 a - 2 - GERL^iN
I A 1 b
Illinois Staats-Zeitung, Dec. 24, 1879.
paying the special teachers. In making that statement, he was fully aware
that money appropriated for definite purposes would never be allocated for
other uses — the board members, the majority of them, would never vote for -o
such a change. His excuse was only an attempt to hoodwink the Germans. Ke ,^
never has denied his dislike of German language instruction; but that he p
would stoop to such underhanded methods, he never gave an inkling before. ^^
To whom, besides Stone, are we indebted for this most unwelcome Christmas
gift? The obvious answer is: To Carter H. Harrison, "the best mayor Chi-
cago ever had,'* the man who, regardless of the warnings of the Illinois
Stas t S"Zeitung , received a large vote of Gerioan simpletons v;ho believed
him. /Translator's note - The remark, "the best mayor Chicago ever had,"
was Harrison's campaign slogan. He said he wanted to be remembered by the
people in that manner// It was Harrison who appointed a majority of anti-
Germans to the school board. Of the five Democrats, no less than four
(Delaney, Curran, Stiles, and Stensland) were opposed to German instruction,
CO
I A 1 a - 3 - G2RLIAN
I A 1 b
Illinois Staats-Zeltung, Dec. 24, 1879.
The following members voted for Stone's motion:
Stone (Republican, publisher of the News, a busybody and what not), -o
Keith (Republican, "dry*^ and inimical to Germans), Zl
Delaney (Democrat, Harrison's man), g
Curran (Democrat, Harrison's man), o
stiles (Democrat, Harrison's man),
English (Democrat) , and
Frake (Republican, twin brother to Keith, as far as their attitudes are con-
cerned). Altogether, 4 Democrats and 3 Republicans.
la - 4 - GEEIblkN
I A 1 b
Illinois Staats-Zeituiig, Dec. 24, 1879.
The following gentlemen were opposed to the motion, hence favored continu-
ation of German instruction in the public schools: Bartlett, Hoyne, Frankenthal ,
Vocke, and Armstrong, all Republicans.
t:
Absent: 3 Democrats, Stensland, Brennan, and Eichberg. Of these, the first ^
two would have voted for Stone's motion, Richberg would have been opposed. ^
<
If every member had been present at the session, then the vote v.ould have been ^
as follows: 6 Democrats and 3 Republicans opposed to German instruction; 5 2
Republicans and 1 German in favor of German. Only one Democrat among seven ^
would have favored German, and this lone individual was a Gerioan.
!>0
Of the above-enumerated gentlemen two deserve particular condemnation: The
Republican, Keith, and Harrison's man, Delaney, because they broke their
promises. Both gave assurance, when interviewed by a reporter of the
Illinois Staats-Zeitung last spring, that they Vifould not oppose German instruc-
tion. Keith made the declaration when the question of continuing German
I A 1 a - 5 - GSP^MfiN
I A 1 b
Illinois Staats-Zeitung, Dec. 24, 1879.
instruction arose in the spring, and Delaney made a similar statement at the
time his nomination to the city council was ratified. If both had not delib-
erately disregarded their pledge, then Stone's motion v/ould have been defeated. ^
The situation could be changed only by calling a special session and at least ^
two Democrats would have to be found \.ho would change their mind. That ^
Stone, Keith, or Frake might reverse their decision is not to be expected. ^
But even if Brennan or English would vote differently, then little v.ould be ^
accomplished thereby, because the "best mayor" might repeat in July what he ^
did last year — nominate four anti-Germans to the city council. And why ^
shouldn't the mayor do that? He has proved conclusively since attaining of-
fice, that he cares little for the Germans, because they did not suit his
Irish horde. His employment register night well bear the inscription, "No
Dutch need applyl" /Translator's note: The v/ords "No Dutch need apply"
appears in English in the original te:.t. Ve must remember that, at that time,
a German was called "a Dutchman" ana no distinction was made between Dutch and
Germans_^ The Swiss might get a little chunk now and then, provided they do
cr»
I A 1 a - 6 - GSRliiA]M
I A 1 b
• Illinois Staats-Zeitung, Dec. 24, 1879.
not consider thexaselves Germans.
In connection therewith, it should be mentioned that the anti-German faction
of the school board received very effective help from a Swiss gentleman. A
few days ago Mr. Lieb declared, in a speech, that German instruction in our
public schools was a mere humbug, prompted by political expediency. That
comment proved most welcome to our anti-German school board mexabers, and one
of them referred v.ith great satisfactioa to the declaration of a distinguished g
German, tending thereby to justify the school boards* action. In this in-
stance, the Swiss gentleman was promptly regarded as a German. Vocice then
replied tartly, "Lieb is not a distinguished German, he is extinguished!" ;jt
Of course, this remark did not silence the anti-German element; as a helper
in the fight against the Germans, Lieb was considered good enough.
German language instruction in the public schools of Chicago was introduced
by the Republican party and, regardless of occasional attacks from various
sources, the Republicans have retained the study in our schools. Now that
-X)
CD
f
I A 1 a - 7 - GSRM^'iH
I A 1 b
Illinois Staats-Zeitunf:, Dec. 24, 1879.
the city is under a strong Deriocrutic rule, v.e have a school board of anti-
Geriaan sentinients, thanics to Mayor Harrison, who appointed the members.
This sordid experience should sufi'ice in ahovdnc our easygoing GermLins v;hat
they may expect from the Democrats.
The next ste:- ;-ould be to make an election ibsue of it, and at every muni-
cipal election the candidates should be aslced hov; they regard the question
of German instruation, what they intend to do for its continuance; if ^
evasive answers are given, or there is doubt about zhe integrity of the
office seekers, such as Aeith and Delaney, they should be defeated.
en
I A 1 a GBIRMAN
I F 6
I M Per Westen (Sunday Bdition of Illinois Staats^^Zeltung) ,
Dec* 21, 1879 •
PROTEST MEETING
School Board Sharply Criticized
A meeting was held at 604 North Wells Street yesterday evening, and a large
crowd was present* Colonel Schaffner was chairman. The committee which ^
was appointed at the previous meeting to investigate the North Wells Street C
school submitted the report published in yesterday's edition of the Illinois ^
Staats^^Zeitung* The report was accepted after some details were explained* 2
Miss Babcock, principcd. of the school, sent a report* She said that all the §
excitement and gossip about the school *s unsanitary condition had originated
from one person only, whose motives were by no means honest* TSie school
rooms were not dirty* The assertion that fifteen wagonloads of dirt and
filth had been removed from the school building was a falsehood* The state-
ment that twenty-three pupils of the school had died of scarlet fever was
cr
I A 1 a - 2 - GERMAN
I F 6
I M Per Westen (Sunday Edition of Illinois Staats-Zeitung) ,
Dec* 21, 1879.
not based on trutti« Only six cases of scarlet fever had occurred in tlie
neighborhood of the school, and none of the children living in the vicinity
was stricken by the disease*
Mr. Brooke, secretary of the company which owns the building rented to the
city for school purposes, ordered the cleaning of the basement on the
strength of the agitation in the newspapers and by civic bodies. When the
workingmen came to the basement, they found no dirt, so they went to the
coal bins and cleaned them. The material they carted away looked very bad,
particularly so because it had rained that day. But the stuff was of an
absolutely harmless nature.
As mentioned, one person only had started the sceuidal. Since September 1,
1879, only three children had died of scajriLet faver, and there were 450
pupils* Cases of sickness ^carlet fever/ were reported in twenty-one
V
I A 1 a - 3 - GIBLA^
I F 6
I LI Per ..est en (Sunday Edition of Illinois Staats-Zeitunc) >
Dec* 21, 1879.
instances. Jhe departraent of education vms extrenely careful. If a pupil ^
v/as sick, none of his brothers or sisters v;as permitted to attend school 5
until the board of health issued a certificate. .^^
The board of health made an investiration and found the school in proper ^
co.idition. The official v/ho looked into the ir.atter must certainly have felt g
that his report ./as reliable, since he sent his ov;n children to the school. ^
Cf course, the school raicht have '-een situated in a better locality, but, 3
nevertheless, there are schools in i/orse locations. The school board v/as
not at fault, and had done everythinc v/ithin its pov;er. Lov;ever, it is to
be hoped that the iFiOvement started by the citizens of the i:orth Side v;ill
result in the building of a nev; school.
School board member Delaney read Hiss Babcock*s report. A lively debate
ensued; in fact, the session v;as turbulent it tines. Lir. V/agner, Aldemian
I A 1 a - 4 - GERMAN
I F 6
I M Per Westen (Sunday Edition of Illinois Staats-Zeitung) ,
Dec. 21, 1879 •
Wetterer, cmd others spoke. Some factions asserted that the ireport of the
investigating conmiittee was cm attempt to whitewash the school board.
General Lieb made a motion that a committee of three be nominated to draft
resolutions expressing the views of the assembly (residents of the 14th
and 15th wards). Several suggestions were made and Delaney came to the
defense of the school board. He said that not enou^ money was available
to build a new schoolhouse, else it would have been done long ago. General
Lieb remarked that it appeared ridiculous to him that not enou^ money was
in the treasury for new school buildings; besides, the taxes for 1879 will
be available soon, and the board of education usucuLly expects a generous
slice.
School board member Frake explained that the board of education was in
€U?rears, and that considerable money from tax collections for the year 1873
I A 1 a - 5 - GERMAN
I F 6
I U Per Westen (Sunday Edition of Illinois Staats-Zeitung) ,
Dec. 21, 1879*
and 1874 has not been paid» The comptroller objected to paying these claims, ^
and was backed up in his irefusal by the mayor and the press* General Lieb ^
then showed, by quoting figures from the comptroller's account, that a large ^
surplus from former years was still available in the school fund, and asked '-^
why this money was not used to build a new school* Mr* Frake replied that %
these extra funds were not available, because the money was set aside to pay S
various contractors as soon as they finish their work. There was no edtema* ^
tive. **If our citizens have complaints to make, they must appeal directly
to the mayor and the city council, cmd urge them to build a new school. **
Paul Grottkau /labor leadej^ spoke next. He said that General Lieb had
brougiht out many good points, but had failed to get to the bottom of condi-
tions, the all-pervading corruption. The report of the investigating
committee **was*nt so hot!** The school board was partly at fault; however,
the City Council was mostly to blame« It was about time that the mothers
— i
or
I ^ 1 a - 6 - GSRiaAlNi
I F 6
I 11 Per V/esten (Sunday Edition of Illinois Staats-Zeitomg) >
Dec. 21, 1879.
avenge their children who had died in tjie epidemic, and horsev/hip those
responsible for it.
Colonel Schaffner, Alderman I/etterer, Aldemian Ileier of the 16th ward, and .-^
a nuDiber of citizens then expressed their viev/s about the school question {Z
\mtil about half past eleven. Due to the lateness of the hour, General ^
Lieb v/ithdrew his motion to appoint a committee of three and, instead, g
offered a resolution v/hich he v/anted to have incorporated in the report of
the investigating committee.
In this resolution, the school board v/as severely criticized by the citizens
of the 15th and 16th wards, and the board was urged to make drastic changes,
in conformance to the findings of the investigating committee and to build
a new school as soon as possible.
Aldeiman T/etterer made a motion to exclude the resolution, but his proposal
i
%
I t^ I Q, - 7 - GSRLIAH
m
I M Per l/esten (Sunday Edition of Illinois Staats-Zeitung) >
Dec. 21, 1879. ^
aroused objections. He then asked to delete the part which accused the ^
school board, and this, also, met v;ith defeat. r;
General Lieb»s notion (the adoption of his resolution and the report of the 5
investigating conraittee ) ivas accepted.
Adjournment followed.
•-0
I A 1 a
G3RI.I/^
Illinois Staat3-Zeitun^> June 28, 1879 •
TH2 SCHOOL BOARD
The school board held a special meeting yesterday evening, at seven o^clock, %
to consider unfinished business for the month of June» Mr# V/ells was chair- ^
man; Hoyne, Jacobs, Armstrong, Bartlett, Erankenthal, Frake, Keith, Arnold, ?=
Brennan, Vocke, and Pruessing were present* C
CO
Business matters were considered immediately. Hoyne made a motion that the
salaries of the teachers in the special branches be approved in accordance with
the recommendations of the committee. This applies to German language in- 13
structors who are to receive a salary of |1350, for drawing instructors,
$1350, and for music teachers $1200. The motion was carried; Jacobs was the
only member who objected* Without delay, Orlando Blockmann was unanimously
appointed music teacher for the next year; LIrs. E. F. Dimock, as drawing
teacher, and Dr. G. A. Zimmerraann, as German language instructor*
I :\ 1 a
IlliiiOis Staats- .eitun- , May ;50, 1879 •
3:^310!! O:.' TT5-: 3G:ICCL l^U.JD
The re*'ular fortnightly cession oi' tho school board was hold :^ust3rda7;
Ilr. .ells presided. The president, us well .is i.esnrs. ..oynie, -nclish, .jrnold,
Jacobs, Prues3in;r:, Stcno, :.oith, Mrean, 7ranl:enthal, -^nd i^ralce ittanded the
ineotln,^. The committee on nednls v;as recuos-.cd to -^rocure the prizes v/Mich
are to oe -iven -tt the conpletio:i of each ten-u
Upon .^mold's lotion, ]. D. V:dl v^.s up^^ointed -iS a t^-acher at tlie Ui^h
school of the ..est iidc, and his sal-:a'y .;as fixed at fifteen hundred dol-
lars, retroLiCtive to tlici tine //iien he ]i'^;ld the position teniporari' ^^. The
con .ittee on hii!:;h sciiools v;us autiiorir.ed to order tho i.dcossar.' diplonas,
rroporty purchases. .. .■.;ere considered, as ..ere purchases of coal and v/ood
for fuel.,..
The salar:^ of :.irjs Dereler, v;ho teaches (Icrr'ian at tlie 0-:den school, v/as
-5
I .1 1 a
Z — UllirL.L
Illinois 3taats- ,oit'inr , y.ny r50, 1C79,
raised Tron ,450 to 550.
IlUoic, rerr.ian, and Jrawinf^
]:'.T. ./alio read tho lajority roiiort o.; the co'mitt3e on Oeriian, ..lusic and
drawirip;. Acoordin,; to the report, tlie coiiu.ittoe :iade an extensive investi-
f:ation on tlie subjects, -md recoruunded the adoption of t-ie follovjing
resolutions :
1. ) That the T:>rosont luotiiods ur.ed in tGachin.': Oe:\Man are not entirely
satisfactor:'-,
2.) That Gerrian instruction shall bo continued, but that cliancos Si.ould be
raade to obtain bctt-;r results.
3.) CJonsiderinc ^roie::t circu:isb uices, ^errian s ould not be tau2:ht in the
>-^
^—
I ,. 1 a - .J - u-^^rC ..:J.
I.lli:.ois Staats-. ^eit iin,'- , ''.ay oO, 1C.79.
eleiiiantar:'' classes.
<4
1.) aor::an snould bo taught in the ilfth ::raL:e,an.'. continujd in the fol-
loxdnr- classes. Genian should always oe tau^^ht ^ro:! the borinnin^ of a
sonoster, o:.cept in such cases whore cho stuueiit is far enou:>i advanced to
continue readil::.
\5.) T-Usic and drawing should also be continued.
6.) In the ele lontary scliools iiuiic shall not bo taUv^-ht tochnicallv, as
that is too difficult, but it -^Tiould \jq taught in a practical ..ay only. c
7.) aienaver the nanibor of nuT^ils v/ho stud:^ one or all of tho threo branches
in a class, drops b^lov; t.venty, instruction sliall be discontinued.
o
. ) But students of various classes nay conibine to for-r. a class of nore
I-.-
I -. 1 a - 4 - chr::^
Illiriois Jta - ts-. :o_i tuir- , !..a7 30, 1875.
than tv;entT otuiants in o:\ier bo stucl:^ Vie -irorosaid br-^.ncjies, Tiroviciod that
tlic rec^lai curricuiaT. i.-; not i;.torupt'jd thereby,
?ru3G3inr; nubnittod a niinorit** rcr>ort in v;Mc:i ho advocatod expansion of tho
three subj'^cts, i'lstead oi* ti;oir carta il:.i3nt. The 'lost innortant i'oaturo '-^
connected v;itli t!iat v:ould bo a better trocined teacain^^ ])ar3o:inol; ;7:iich v/ould
provide bettor and iiore e:::erie?ic jd leacliCrn. j]\.o r>re33'-t iiethods, ./--ei-oby
tne youn'-i; inGtractorc are recall;; not muolx rioro than students, .'iiist be dis-
pensed v/ith.
In ro;':ard to nasic and lirav/in ;, bhe teac^iors s.i.ould be OAairdnud before thev
are accepted,
...s fur as Gerrriar. lessons v;oro concerned, tha :-.oct oninent scholars in the
countr^^ u.^reod on but a sin^-lc, correct nctliod: C'.ildren of Genaan p.rents
' —
I ;. 1 a
5 -
Illinois 3t i-itn- ,,oitunr:^, Hay i50, 1679 •
should bo taur^^it GeTnan in the first rrade and children of :]ncli3h-.l:aerican
descent should begin G-er:ian in the third "r^ido, .is soon as a class of forty
children Iiad oQQn found to '^alzo lassons, «^. teachor .;ho knows both l-imcuar^es
should conduct the class, so thi.t all annjcossar;,'' expense v/ould he avoided.
'O
Stone and Jn^lish -ished for a ^ostT)onei;ient of any decision, as thoy also
esircd to subnit -vnotlier "linorit^^ roDort.
r.
Loth rc:iarl:ed thr-t if ths throe branchas '.;ere to be continued, they v/ould
have to be taught no re thorou.';hly. . . •
♦ . »
I A 1 a ^-^<I^J
III A Die ]j^ckel> (Chicaeoer Arbeiter Zeituiig, )Hay 18, 1879,
V/AH) 13
The citizens of the 13th ward are ur^ed to attend the neeting which will take place
Monday at 8 PM. at which the question of a school-house will be brought up*
This meetinc should be of a special interest to the German people, so t; at through
their influence the cause would be aided.
This new school, under question as yet, would be open to every citizen, therefore
we urge y^u to be present at the ineetinf>
I A 1 a
aEPJ.:.\!i
•Tl
r ■
Chic!i<',oer Arbeiter Zeitun;*, ]'ay 1, 1S79.
(i\D73:{TI3:::£IIT)
The Ge2Tn8Ji-Bii'';lish schcol on the South Vfest Side, 53 V/aller Street, be-
tween 'Test 12th tnd 14th Streets, next to the *'ArbeiterliG.lle«"
The different subjects tc le taur^ht •- re in trie hands cf well trained sem-
nary teachers. Tcllcvrin;;; is tlie list of subjects- Headin;^, writing, arith-
netic, crthc^^raphv, -^rtix^.er, cciiposition, correspondence, reciting ";.ec^raphy,
nctural history. The World's history, bookk-^epinr, drawinp*, ir.cldinf^,, geom-
etry, sin.;inr, astronomy and Jiealth lestsons, etc.
The school cpens hcnday Lay ozh o.t 9 A. l\ The brick building in v/hich the
schcol is located is spacious r-nd every rcom receives pie.ity cf day-light.
The larc^e number cf r3;;istered students are kindly requested to attend tlie
opening; cf the school. Re^is br<' ticn cf students takes place ct £>ny time.
There is. no v?.; cation. Reasciiable ]..cntiily fee tc be paid in advr.nce. The
newly ihtrcduced elei..eni:ary becks is v.eil os v.ritin,", lut^rials ere to oe ci>-
t??ined at the scrxcl house*.
I A 1 8-
- ^ -
Gh-K-IAN
fiEICAGO AliBEITER ZEITuNG, May 1, 1897.
V
For ncre inforrmticn see tlie pro:;reaL* Branch s^^hccl in Cottage --rcve Ave.
Respectfully,
!!• IIer.irlnf;er, director
Teacher c± the il-ernojn L&JL.f^^usje
Prourietcr cf the Schccl.
Prof. F. C-. Surbrid'^e,
Teacher cf Enr-lish.
f
I A 1 a GERMAN
III C
Illinois Staat8-Zeit\iiig> Sept. 30, 1875.
^LIGIOUS INSTRUCTION IN PUBLIC SCHOOLS ORBERED STOPPED/
(Editorial)
At the session of the Boaird of Education last Tuesday, a resolution was
adopted— -without fuss or appeal to prejudice—which nips In the bud all
complaints about religious Instruction In public schools. Without debate
and without a dissenting voice, the resolution forbidding the use of the
Bible as a textbook, and prohibiting all religious practices in the public
schools, was adopted.
The Board of Education acted correctly and intelligently. As long as Jews
and heathens, as well as various kinds of Christians, contribute taxes for
the maintenance of schools, they evidently will be cheated if only a specific
religion is kept on tap. After all, parents pay school taxes under the
assumption that nothing is taught to their children which is likely to cause
religious dissension at home.
h
I A 1 a - 2 - GEiaiAI'J (" '*'--^-
III C ^st^
Illinois Staats-Zeitung, Sept. 30, 1875
Children should learn readinf^, writing, arithmetic, geography, history, and
so forth; they should be Icept immune from the hairsplitting dogmas and the
brooding incidental to some of the beliefs fostered by religious societies,
and the students should be spared the problems of the "marriage relationship
of the Divinity" ^erschwaegerung Der Gotthert: Probably refers to His re-
lationship v/ith the Virgin Llar^, "the original sin," "salvation," "predesti-
nation," "resurrection of the flesh," etc. For all these theories the Bible
supplies the raw material; therefore the Bible does not belong in the public
schools — that book has its pliice in parochial institutions and during con-
firmation instruction.
Only after the public school has disproven the reproach that it is sub-
servient to a particular creed can it defend itself with a clear conscience
and with dispassionate definiteness against clerical attacks. Such attacks
have not yet been made in Chicago; that is why the Board's action is
especially commendable — it acted in the right spirit, independent of
compulsory measures.
i
«
I A 1 a - 5 - GERivAN
III C
Illinois Staats-Zeitung, Sept. 30, 1875.
We may expect that a fev/ Protestant clergymen will criticize the Board of s^y
Education from the pulpit next Sunday; but that is immaterial.
The press of both political parties believes in eliminating religion from
the public schools and in that, as well as other cases, the written word
will be mightier than the spoken, or — as the "Berliners'* say — "the brazen
mouth!"
I A 1 a GERMAN
III C
IV Illinois Staats-Zeitiing, June 22, 1875.
TEE SPECTER OF CATHOLICISM
The fear of Catholicism expressed by the V/estliche Post, now affects even
the Anzeiger of Cleveland. A few days ago the latter paper wrote the follow-
ing nonsense:
'•The City of Chicago has a Denocratic administration and the Board of Educa-
tion has many Catholic members. These members of the Board of Education
made a motion that none of the present schoolbooks published by Harper's
Publishing House of New York be used any longer in the schools of Chicago^.i
The motion was a matter of spite, because ?Iarper*s V/eekly has for some time
objected to the rule of Catholicism in this country and particularly to the
Catholic hierarchy's attacks on the free school system.
•'If we have reached the point where Catholic priests may ban the books of a
publisher because he defended our national constitution, it is time for the
public to interfere
^ ...... o
°^ ^
I A 1 a - 2 - GEHt^lAIT
III C
IV Illinois Staats-Zeitiing, June 22, 1875.
••The Pope imst realize that the time is not yet ripe for America's conver-
sion to Catholicism and tliat the expectations which he expressed.... to stu-
dents of Catholic colleges, lack a firm foundation. At that time, the Fope
declared that America could soon be converted to the Catholic faith.....
••There is still a people living in the United States which will defend its
free institutions against onslaughts of a priestly caste v/hich seeks to rule
by keeping the masses in ignorance. '^
Although we knew that this accusation was not based on fact, we considered
it advisable to send a reporter [ot the Illinois Staats-Zeitung/to inter-
view Ivlr. John C. Richberg, president of the Board of Education /in Chicago,
IllinoisT".
Mr. Richberg read the article (he was bom in Germany) , and then answered
the reporter's questions.
Reporter: Mr. Richberg, are you a Catholic?
I A 1 a
III C
IV
Richberg: No I
- 3 -
Illinois Staats-Zeitung, June 22, 1875
GERMAIN
Reporter: In regard to the members of the Board of Education, are the major-
ity Catholics?
Richberg: No, positively not! There is only a single member of the Board
of Education who is definitely a Catholic and in touch v;ith that church,
and that is Mr, English. Two others, I believe, were born Catholics, but
one of these, Phil, Iloyne, declared that he does not belong to any faith
and does not wish to be regarded as a member of any sect. The other, Ur.
dinger, subscribes to the same ideas, I believe, and undoubtedly is not
a strong Catholic. As to the other twelve members, some are Protestants
and some have no religion.
Reporter: This, then, disproves the assertion that a great many members of
the Board of Education are Catholics, \7hat about the books?
Richberg: That matter v/as distorted. These are the facts: No attempt was
I A 1 a - 4 - GERMAN
III C
IV Illinois Staats-Zeitung, June 22, 1875.
made at any tine to discontinue books of Harper* s Publishing House, after
such books were accepted in the public schools. But v;e did attenpt to in-
troduce a new book of the same publishing firm, Swinton^s Language Lessons,
which combines spelling and grammar. The question siiaply was whether we
should introduce a nev/ book v/hich had not yet proved its merit, whereas
we now have suitable books of proven value. The question about the publish-
er of the new book never arose during the committee meeting. Of course,
Mr. English ^vas opposed to the introduction of the new book, but his entire
argument was based on the fact that we have good books and that it would,
therefore, not be desirable to burden parents with new expenditures, es-
pecially v/hen the value of the book has not yet been proved.
Someone in favor of the book attributed LIr. Englishes opposition to reli-
gious motives, although Ivlr. English himself gave no such indication.
Reporter: After all, was not the recent fight involving new schoolbooks
based on economy?
Richberg: Of course I But to prove to you how unimportant the religious
* I A 1 a - 5 - GERMAIT
III C
IV Illinois Staats-Zeitung, June 22, 1875.
angle was, I will show you the results of the vote on Llay 25, when a motion
was made to introduce Swinton^s Language Lessons.
Only three voted yes: Covert (Methodist), Reed (State's Attorney, not a
church member), V/elch (not a church member).
Seven were opposed: Bluthardt (not a church member) , Chetlain (Protestant) ,
English (Catholic), Hoyne (not a church member), Oleson (Protestant), dinger
(doubtful Catholic), Richberg (Protestant).
On Jime 8 advocates of the book made another effort to introduce it, but
with no success whatever. Otto's instruction books for the German language
were intended to take the place of Ahn's book and met the same fate.
This interview will suffice to prove to the Anzeiger von Cleveland that
that i>aper*s fear was groundless. The Board of Education of the City of
Chicago has comparatively fev; Catholic members. No motion was made to elimi-
nate the schoolbooks of the Harper Publishing House. The question was /l^
whether a nev; book should be introduced, and that proposal was rejected by [^ 'xp% %
I A 1 a - 6 - GSHM&N
III C
IV Illinois Staats-Zeitimg, June 22, 1875,
a great majority, The rejection ifms not based on the fact that the book
was published by Harper, but was uade because the work v/as superfluous
and contained many errors. Besides, the introduction of the book wo\ild
have been contrary to the policy of economy practiced by the Board of Edu-
cation*
The entire accusation appears to be based on the fact that an advocate of
the book attributed religious motives to his eloquent adversary— without
evidence to sustain his charge.
As the above report was ready to go to press, we received the following
note from ISr. John C. Richberg:
•♦To the Editor of the Illinois Staats-Zeit\ing;
♦•In regard to the interview with your reporter today, I overlooked the fol-
lowing, that Harper's book house also offered us Dalton's Physiology because
some members of the Board of Education believed that the book we now have is /f\
not suitable. Although another book concern offered a new work on the same (t^ y.»pi ^i
I A 1 a - 7 - GSRIJAN
III C
IV Illinois Staats-Zeitimg, Jiine 22, 1875.
subject, Hookin^s Physiology, the Board of -jlducation decided — v;ith only
one dissenting vote — to accept Dalton's, the book published by Harper. Mr.
English, as well as the other ^Catholic" members voted for its acceptance.
^ours, John C. Richberg."
This not only suffices to disprove all accusations that the Board of Educa-
tion is dominated by the Catholic clergy, but it also eliminates all sus-
picions that Irir. English's official behavior is influenced by religion.
9
. I A 1 a GERMAN
I B 4
• I C Illinois Staats-Zeltung , Jan* 14, 1875.
CHURCH AND SCHOOL
(Editorial)
••If the Illinois Staats-Zeltunp; can see no practical value for America in ^^
our article entitled 'State and Church, • it need only read our today's 5
article about Catholic public schools in Saint Louis, translator's note:^
Verbatim* No doubt, the author uses the v/ord public in the sense of free,
meaning to say that no tuition was chargedj^T^
•"Ihus the editor of the Illinois Staats-Zeitung can convince himself that
it is the firm intention of the Catholic Church to destroy the American
system of nonreligious schools, for the purpose of placing the education
of our youth in the hands of religious institutions. This movement has
made only modest progress to attain that goal in America; but in New
Brunswick, which is not far from our country, Bishop Sweeny, of Saint
John, has already shown the way to rebellion against the school tax. He
even v/ent so far, in his resistence, as to expose the property under his
o
»
. I A 1 a - 2 - GEEIMAN
I B 4 • •
• I C Illinois Staats-Zeltung, Jan. 14, 1875.
jurisdiction to forced sale for nonpayment of taxes. He said: 'Every Catholic
citizen Is conscience-bound to refuse to contribute to the support of schools
In which his religion Is attacked or offended, •
"The offense referred to evidently consists therein, that no religion is taught
In the public schools of Saint John."
Anzeiger Pes Westens
CJf
The "firm intention of the Catholic Church"? ^ifell, if it exists, we in Chicago g
should see it, or hear of it, for Missouri is not America, by any means, nor is ^
a Saint John bishop the Catholic Church. And as far as the American system of
nonrellglous (public) schools is concerned it could be destroyed only if it
really existed.
It does not exist. The public school has a Protestant tinge; and that, very
likely, is true, not only of our local schools, but also of those of Saint Louis
> I
I A 1 a - 3 - GKR^JIAN
I B 4
I C Illinois Staats-Zeitung, Jan. 14, 1875.
IVhen we speak of a Protestant tinge we refer not only to the reading of the
Bible, praying, and the singing of religious hymns, but also to the contents
of textbooks. Surely, the books used in Saint Louis are no better in this
respect than those which serve as textbooks in Chicago. In the latter we
find numerous touching references to '^Jesus'* and the "Lainb of God,^ references
which must be, and are, extremely offensive to the children of Jewish parents.
If the Anzeiger Pes V/estens will kindly examine the textbooks of the public
schools of Saint Louis, he will certainly find ample proof for our statement
that our public schools are not nonreligious. ^
m?
^
•-'I
CD
Anglo-Americans are so naive in their reliriious narrov^-mindedness that they •^^
do not even notice it when they offend people of a different relic;ious belief.
•Hie average Anglo-American says: **I am certainly not prejudiced; I do not wish
to disturb anyone in his religious views; but anybody can read the New Testa-
ment, and, surely, it can harm no one to hear about our Saviour.^ However, they
never consider that there are people who do not wish to read the Nev/ Testament,
and to whom Jesus is not "our Saviour**; but there are such people, and they are
f
. I A 1 a -4- GERMAN
• I B 4
• I C Illinois Staats-Zeitung. Jan, 14, 1875.
forced to pay taxes to support our public schools, By what right? 7/e do not
know whether or not, or how, a certain religion is bein^; attacked in the public
schools of New Brunswick; but we do consider it probable, in view of the fact
that Anglo-American Protestants are naively impudent, that the adherents to
the offended religious denomination have just cause to complain about being
forced to contribute to the maintenance of such schools* An atheist, who pays
taxes, also has a good reason to remonstrate if the opinion that a person who
does not believe in a personal God is dishonest, unmoral, and unreliable, is
drummed into the head of his child. No religion should be taught in public
schools, nor should the pupils be forced to li^en to the damnable lie that
a man is depraved and unmoral, just because he does not profess a religion. -ri
Not until our schools have been made nonreligious in this respect will the
state have a right to compel every citizen, irrespective of his religious
belief, to contribute to the maintenance of our public schools. Then, and
then only, can the state demand that children i^fcose parents do not provide
for other means of educating them, be sent to public school. And when our
institutions of learning have been rendered completely nonreligious, vie will
I —
TT
ro
err
I A 1 a - 5 - GSRMAH
I B 4
I C Illinois Staats-Zeltung, Jan. 14, 1875.
gladly support the enforcement of the compulsory school attendance law. How-
ever, we certainly are not In favor of forcing the narrow-minded doctrines
of the Protestant Church upon Catholics, Jews, or Gentiles.
I .L 1 a
I -c. 1 b
III ..
15 1
I F 3
T r Illinois :;t->a"ts ''oibun'^ Mcv. 7, lb71
PROGrGoS OF THH: R:i:C0:^8TRUCTI0^" OF THE lORTH GIDIi].)
A sad spectacle are txie c/iurcbes, chapels, and otji^r prayer houses lyiv^-^ in
ruins. The Gerrn-vai churches, in Qwery case, v/ere connected .,iux. elementary schools.
The r::03t ur^Tent business oT xhe Cer'nhs as a nation li':,- in Chicvu^io is ^^h:- provid-
ing of temporary schoo^ rooms. . ..e sav; the ruiiis of rainy school -louses visited by
children '.vlio for::erly were tau-^'it there. It is co be Inoped ui.at. Gervrins \.iil
insist on oheir ri;';hts in tliis respect uibh the utmost stubbornness, so th-^t as
many cheap school rooms c n be fixed up as possible. The inf= mous oiiieverv of
the '^school nairces" muso not be re-r^e' ~^ec i:: nev Cliicu'co, i'lie scoundrellv and
arbitrary accion of the school boaru in baiiishiny, after "Ufie fire Gerrriin instruc-
tion froin the free shc/'.ools, hits tlie north side p*\infuliy bec*---use there are
settlements that are purely Gerr.an v;hero English is h'^.rdly understood in the
iiOrnes. The bi,rroted nativisin of tiie fossils on ^he school board this time has
shovm i.tself in its naked hideousness. The 3 Germ-^n members find ohemselves
shaniefully ab-indoned oy the Irish v/itli /horn they are otherwise firmly allied.
Inns have been put up in- great numbers every^.;here on the nor^h side. Beer \va30ns
Illinois
St:f:ts
eitunr^*, i^ov, 7, 1371.
/ 0^
^
' V/
•o>
O
C
/,
<; .
<
by
are drivin-" heavily loaded zo zne settleinents oi 'Jerr'r'ns, as wail as r/iio 3ca.ndi-
n^vians and Irish. I'he patrona2;e \yj the public yesterday was vary scronj, nnd
happy sinv-inf"; resounded from niany -laces ns for erly. The nroclai. avion of the
rna^^or Mbou-.t tlie closin': of inns on election. d';y cou-its ?iar ilv xor jnuch on the
noruii side: it exnec&s coo much froi:: ^ohe innk^e'^ers in i;h3So hard bi-ies.
It is very aleasant t,o see that already so iriany brick houses are beinr built on
the nor'ish side for perLiinenco, especialiy ^oj i>\\j "ieri::an3.
The Americ n residential dis":irico between Tl-rrk dtreet and the lake Trent (from
l.inzio street to Lincoln Park) is still nretty :-:uch in ruins. There is a oroiect
to extend Lincoln Park and tlio driveway 'ilon"* the sliore southv/ards ^o the neighbor'
hood of the v/aLer.7orks, and to .uild a hotel on %\\ij corner of superior '^^.nd Pine
streets. But the AiiJericnns v; nt ^o linve the breweries moved out v/est tov-^ard the
rivor. Otherwise pernHnent lu^iu.ry buildin^fs and g--a"dens could not be thoup:ht of.
It is not in the interest of the jer'»^:.ns to drive the Ar:.er leans throuf^h a few
disM':/:reeable estaolishinents out of tlieir lake shiore strip and thereby possibly to
prevent the e::tension of Lincoln pnrk and ihe drive v/a.y. ;.e have therefore re-
ceived v/ii;h regret the inforniation that Busch and Brand ]it-ve beaun oo reconstruct
their brev/ery at tlie old spot. It is in lihe interest of ;che whole north side :.o
a::Ri.:\N
liiiiOis 3t':.ats /^eitun^, Hoy, 7, 1671 •
see the brev/eries moved out at o^io cioy periphory.
y
I A 1 a GEmiAN
III H
III A
Illinois Staats Zeitung, September 25, 1871.
(THE ILLINOIS STAATS ZEITUNG REVIEWS AN EXAJ.aNATION OF SCHOOL CKILDKEN TEA'
HAD TAKEN PLACE IN CALIFORNIA, AJID GIVES SA.^FLZS OF BONEIiS, THEN IT CONTIN-
UES:)
The instruction of many years, one sees, ha,s been less useful than no instruc-
tion at all would* have "been. But that at last the evil is being recognized by
the Americans themselves is the first step toward an improvement. In San Fran-
cisco and California a man is going to come to the helm (namely, when in a
short while Mr. Bolander is electee' State School Superintendent) who will ap-
ply the right cure, namely, the introduction of a rational method of instruc-
tion based on German principles of education. "Multum, non multa" is the
slogan of this method. Its intention is to educate the students to indepen-
dent thinking.
"The child is the father of the man." No wonder that our free schools have
become the fathers of such men as the vast avere^ge number of Americans now
are. All seem to be cut to the same pattern. There is something Chinese-
like (learned by heart) in these heads. Everywhere one finds the same ideas,
or rather, their absence, the same lack of independent thinking, the same un-
originality; and, springing from this source, this pathological mania for
sensations of all kind, especially sensational and scandalous trials. In them
one seeks a compensation for the lack of originality and the iineventfulness
- 2 -
GERMAN
Illinois Staats Zeit\xn^> September 35, 1871.
of the life of the average raan»
The question of the method of instruction, therefore apper.rs as the most im-
portant political and cultural question (Staats und Lebensfrage) of the United
States. To solve it completely it will need by far, more energy and talent
than have up to now been expended on it - more than at Dresent are available
for it.
I A 1 a
III H
'^ Illinois Staats-^eitung. Sept. 16, 1871.
/visual education in the public schgois7
The St. Louis German papers Justly rejoice about the partial introduction of
the German teaching method( so-called "visual instrgtction") into the public
schools of their city* It has, heen ordered that every week one hour of
physics shall he taught with Hotze's "First Lessons of Physics'^ as a test«^»
The Chicago School Board would do well to imitate St. Louis^ exainple*
Until now, in the middle schools here, no word of physics is being taught^
and of gases and their qualities, of thermometer and barometer, of the three
forms of aggregation, the vast majority of the uupils who do not enter high
school, never hear the faintest syllable.
I H
asmiAN
Illinois Staata-Zeltting. Sept. 8, 1871,
^(DLITICAL MATTER^ "-'
O
<
If the next president of the United States - or the next presidential candi-
date of the Republicaji Party is nameri Schulze or ihiller, Grant, or Trumbull,
Piefke, or Purzpichler - that is not so important as tha.t the program of the
Republican Party be a progressive one« Under a progressive program we under-
stand one that does not, so to speak, undertake to correct a few misprints
in the work of the pact, but one that contains new, as yet unexpressed ideas
that have matured during the last decade •
One such, would be the reform of the civil administration^ Furthermore^
the Republican Party should put into its program the representation of minori-
ties that Illinois has adopted. Illinois ha.s ma.de a beginning with putting
in the place of the rule of 51 over 49, that of 99 over 1, in the peace of
majority rule that of the people.
Purthermoref the question of compulsory school attendance should be considered^
This, too, is one of those "Germa^n ideas" that have become acclimatized in
America, ajid to which the Demosthenes' who always unctiously admonish the
Germans to bow before the Anglo-Americans, have contributed not the slightest
bit. What the country needs is a thorough reform of its educational system.
This, of course, is in the first place the task of the individual states^
- 2 -
GEmUN
However^ a national convention could start the ball rolling without by any
means promoting encroachments of Federal jurisdiction into the sphere of
the individual states^
^
V
; m
I A 1 a
I A 1 b
II A 1
III A
IllliiOis Sts,ats Zeitixn/-, Au-^ist 39, 1871,
L2tt:-:r fro:.: pp.or^sscR e. duis, dixcii,'illii:vOis
The more I look at Anericaii life, the ixiore dc I bec'.-.e convinced that
the American needs the compulsory school system. •♦A German teac^:cr's
Association is planned for Chivcrgc vrith the aim of mutual education and
also discussion of the various methoc^s of instruction. In order to start
on this fertile rord, every 3-':rman tercher should t -he advanta^je of the
good suggestions our paper has dissemin^.ted; then the beneficent
effect on tl.e American schools will soon he visi'cle. ..Every G-ermori
teacher should mahe it liis special t'^sk to transmit the German l.?j'i£>ia{:e
in its i'urity tc the youn/-; .'jeneration and to put an ena to the nonsense
of the so-called ''Penns.v>7ania Dutch."
It already may he regarded as certain th^t Germandomi \Till play in no
di start future an eminent rcle in America...
I A 1 a GERtaN
Illinois Staat3-Zeitiing> Nov. 11, 1867 •
THS HIGH SCHOOL
(Editorial)
According to reliable reports, a plan is being considered to transfer the
high school which is nov/ located on the '//est Side of the city of Chicago
(and thus is practically inaccessible to people who live on the North Side)
to a place where it can be reached from all three parts of the city with
equal ease and comforts The place referred to is Dearborn Park, on Michigan ^
Avenue. Since it is close to the junction of the horsecar lines, pupils
who live on the outskirts of the South and v/est Sides could reach it with-
out the least difficulty, and North Siders, too, would find it within easy
reach.
The site has been deeded to the city by the Federal GoverniTient v;ith the un-
derstanding that it is to be used for public purposes. The value of the
property has increased greatly since the presentation. In fact, its present
i^
la - 2 - GER?^'
Illinois Staats-Zeitung, llov. 11, 1867.
worth makes its use for park-purposes prohibitive. As a park, it has no
more value for Chicago than the Battery has for the city of Lew York, which
has spent millions to add more ground to the little plot, v;ithout succeed-
ing in making it more attractive even as a place to take a stroll; but as
a building site it has an immense value.
Now, ir the city council would consent (that is all that is necessary), a
magnificent building could be erected in Dearborn Park, a building which
would not only be a credit to the architectural taste and skill of our S
citizens and contractors, but could also be made a source of income for the ^
school treasury, if its basement were rented to businessmen for storage
purposes. The net proceeds from rentals coxild be used to improve the high
school to such an extent that it would compare favorably with the best
secondary schools of Europe, and prepare its students for entry into univer-
sities.
We are of the opinion that this plan is fully in keeping with the marvelous
lO
I A 1 a - 3 - GSRI£AIT
Illinois StaatS"Zeitung> Nov. 11, 1867.
progress which the city has made during the past decade. The good reputation
which our school system already has won among the intelligent citizens of
our country is no reason why we should halt in our endeavors to progress, but
should be an incentive to continue in our efforts to make our educational in-
stitutions more adequate to their purpose; and we are convinced that the plan
outlined above would be a long step toward that end.
I .^ 1 a
II A 1
Illinois Staats-Zeitun^^> Jaii 18, 1361 •
POLYT-JUIZiIG.^ 3 J[OOL
(:JcUtorial)
*' — •
^ -
About tv:o years a,';'o a raonber of our editorial staff, ulio ^.t that tiiiie v/as <:
also Leclianic*s Instituto, advocated the erection of a polytechniccl school i
in Illinois, The Institute a .opted the detailed rocoLunondation, and in
1859 rueprosentative G. Butz introdiiCGd a proposal to the state legislature I
to investi{:.ate the suital/ility of a Chica -o site, fhe proposal v/as referred \
to a cocMittee, and ovanf;. to the contusion of that session (a result of a f
DoLiocratic :.-a;jority in the legislature} iiot-.-'nc r:iore v;as hoard of it, Ilech- -
aniens Institute has again tal.en up this natter, and has sent its president
to Sprin^^^iold to ur-.e in person olio accepta..ce of a bill reco:,iiendiiig that
polytechnical school be established in Chicago, Tlie necessary iiionoy could be
raised by selling part of the f^rounc appropriated for a college; t :c i.iost
valuable part of this property lies in Gool: County. The interest 3''ielded
by the sun realized through the sale of this land v;ould be sufficient to
defray the cost of oper^itin^ su^^h an institution. The Lviportance of a poly-
I A 1 a - 2 - aSHL^Irill
II A 1
Illinois Staats-ZeibunCt Jan. 18, 1861.
technical school lias been explained previously. It would be a school to
•provide ii^her traininr^ for Mechanics, iitichinists, contractors, enrineers, and
famcrs, anJ it v;ould have a benv^ficial e.Tect on the agriculture nnd industry
of tiB entire countrj'-.
i^rther.iOre, it would relieve the ovorcrov;din(', of professions (nedicine, law,
etc.) by the children of fari.iers and trades: ion, inasmuch as it v«'ould crc ite a
new social class v;hich would be sufficiently educated to iiaintain an equal
position in society v;ith college educated people— although it had no such
education — and would also serve to counterbalance the abstract and one-sided
education which is nov; in vo.iTie.
r
r
ATTITlIDfiS
A* Education
1* Secular
b* Foreiga Languages
\
I A 1 b
II B 1 c (1)
II A 1
GSiQ.!AN
/
Abendpost , Liar. 23, 1930.
GER!.!AIT F2RF0I^VL\NCES
Students of Elmhurst College Are Enthusiastic
for German iirt and Literat\ire
After a long pause, enthusiasm has been aroused for German art and liter-
ature among the students of Elmhurst College. A German club has been
established which is planning to perform Lessing*s '^.^inna von Barnhelm." .
Professor Blenk, a German by birth, who studied in lAinich, together with
Prof. Aruds, is directing the rehearsals of the comedy. ?/hat is now needed
is to arouse the interest of the public. If this is done, such German per-
formances could bee one a yearly event.
- 2 - Q3R.IIAII .', -
Abendpost, Mar, 23, 1930. -^' ''^''
The cast indicates that the perfoniance will be a complete success. Miss
Ruth Ohevoro7/sky , of the Northwestern University, a sister of Pastor
Chevorowsky, of Elmhurst, plays "Ivlinna"; Hiss Mabel Tiedemann, of Franklin
Park "Franciska"; Albert Buch appears as '^ajor Tellheim"; Karl Huff as the
Majorca honest servant "Just"; ^rich Teidel, himself a born Saxonian,
plays the "Innkeeper"; Hugo Bauer, Tellheim's friend, **^Yerner"; Ernst
Walte, the "Count Bruchsal." This performance, which is arranged by the
students of the Elmhurst College, is the first since the World V/ar.
The reawakening of interest in German art can be welcomed with pleasure,
as it is an evidence that in this old German institution the perception
and love for the language of the old homeland is growing again.
y.
^/
/
<!
t
I .^ 1 b
.iberiu.o^t iiay • 18 , 1 ^29 • -
WFAilLL;;-*^;.^^ ^i^n
.-•* llv-^ly ciab-'to .ros ; ^/^-nu-jr-V.^/ •. ': "^Z. « r.fietin.r; ci' ielb^u Le.s i'or t}ie Gern.Mn
du^- colebrAtion nt tl.u hot^l .-i-^'l Jin+- i c; in re£;v.rd ro ti.e questio/i of Crerriiun -
iQsroiiS it: ^ i.ti Icii^i. --T'./L .school r. Cupt. • deor^e V/oidelin^ v.'ho v/ill be the
^oriiv^n s^>Qaker .^t the ;ler:..Ari (\\.y oelebr .t ion, ('./il] ia;.i J* Bo^un will be the
aMuric^i. Si.^uKor)» '>ro-.os6u '.o t^.c 200 aelofrute.s u reGolu-fion in which the
r':;ln Lroduc'v-io'i ui' j^ri.^.. 1 c;l ; on.s in our hi.r:h schools be dQ/aunded. Ti is
r-oGc lilt ion ^i.ould, -^ucci-^^in^ to the j^vro^osal of C-xpt. ".'oidelii;^ be presented
in pcjrcon to ti.o oa^tirintt^iident ci' scho.Js ut ^he G^rriun dc.y eel eb r it ti on , after
i': li^i: buun ^.r^vioasi^- re^u • xhu rosolution V/'as consiuer d us fitting -ind
proper, 'at soveril .':p«-ikcrL deprived sai.ie at once of every x^^^<^''^'io^l success,
zis 'j.i. urjai.iuriL they cited the I'uci-, thut tiiQ uchool coi:ii:.issionors decliired
thuir .villinf^ne.sG lon^, a-;o to reintroduce Ger; un lerison^ in the Chicu^o cohocls,
tiifcrefora it is !iot necessary to put the request up to then* aguin. The blame
lies \;ith tho Crerii.*ui purents , v/uo tuvei not shoxm t}:y neoesL-^ary interest, in s.^ite,
ci' receipted sti.\.ulus, "i.c report their children as ready to participate in the
G'oru.-Ki. li:ii.r.ciis. Ij'spdciu^ly if there could be a question of accusation the
.'jor...uns U.tjuLx,lvijs c.ru lo be blu..ied, bec^'use of their indifference tov/ards their
chiluron's luu.i-niri-; thu liiothor tongue in the schools.
i b
- 2 -
liH-^N
a'ber.d])ost May .IS, 1529«
m
.iitt;r thb i:i>o"lin^ cuh;o to i.ht^ conclusion that the Gerraan day conrnittee has
in f.i.ir: ros^.uot still to be v^ry uctivo to tuko cure of "^.he necessary
>ro,jo ^undu •aii.on"* Gror]..aa :.aroLi,L to urease their interest in rer.ai'd to the
'jer:..Au ]esr;ons, \:.v* /eideiin 'l rto.'iol'ition v/a3 ?:iCceDted v/ithout contradiction.
r \
I A 1 b
II 3 1 c (5)
III 3 2
III A Abendpost . May 18, 1929.
GERMAN LANGUAGE INSTRUCTION IN PUBLIC SCHOOLS DEMANDED BY DELEGi'iTES
Representatives of German Day Celebration Adopt Resolutions
At the meeting yesterday of delegates of the Gennan Day Celebration, held
at the Hotel Atlantic, the question of German instruction in our public
schools produced much lively discussion.
Captain George Weideling, the official German speaker at the Celebration,
proposed to the assembly of two hundred delegates that they adopt a reso-
lution demanding the reintroduction of the study of German in our public
schools* Mr« Weideling went one step further, suggesting that the resolu-
tion should be presented to Mr* William J. Began, Superintendent of Pub-
lic Schools of Chicago, immediately following his address, which would be
delivered in English. The proposal was endorsed by the meeting, cilthough
a minority held the procedure to be impractical because of the fact, that
the Board of Education in Chicago has announced that the re-establishment
of German in public schools is already under consideration.
GERMAN - . ^
•-4 t
/
\
a;
(-'"wnj
~ 2 - GSRMi\N
Abendpost , May 18, 1929.
Hoireyer, the delay is to be blamed on the lethargic attitude of the parents,
who, In spite of stimulation from outside forces, do not take any interest
in the issue* The fault is entirely attributable to the German people who
have lost clLI sense of the value of their mother tongue.
The resolution proposed by Weideling was nevertheless unanimously adopted,
and active propaganda was urged whereby parents of German extraction could
best be reached •
According to information volxmteered by the chairman of the Program Com-
mittee for the German Day Celebration, special tribute will be paid to the
three comrades of the heroic ocean flight, in recognition of their great
achievement ♦ The outstanding feature of this ceremony will consist of the
presentation of busts of the aviators to representatives of the Chicago
Historical Society*
A '■■
r
- 3 - GERMAN - -^^ ^i
Abendpost , May 18, 1929.
Arnold H* Kegel, Health ttoonmissloner of Chicago, volimteered his services
to the German Day Celebration Committee. Doctor Bundesen, Coroner, and
Mr. Petersen, City Treasurer, announced their intention to make personal
visits to the German Day Celebration.
I A 1 b GERIIAN
J-I B 1 c (1)
Abendpost, May 12, 1929.
Cr2W.m TinSATSP SVEMETG BY
TJIir^l^TiSITY STDDENT3
The German Society of Northwestern University with mutual participation of
the German Society of the University of Chicap:o, will perform two German
theatrical plays.
**The Ii!ute Beauty" by Elias Schel,^el and "?)avorable Omen" by Poderich Benedix,
are the selected plays of which the pro.f^ram, for the third annual theater
eveninf^ of the German Societies, will consist.
i
"^ u
I A 1 b
GEHMAN
Abendpost > Apr. 5, 1929*
GERMAN INSTRUCTION
The German Language and The Crane Jxrnior College of Chicago
The demand for instruction in the German language in both colleges and
high schools, is a source of great satisfaction "rt) the German community.
The German classes of the Crane Junior College drew a record attendance
this school year, no less than 852 students including the German language
in their course to study. This figure marks the great progress achieved
in this direction, especially when this number is compared to the figures
of the days of the V/orld 7'ar, when only 105 students attended German classes*
Professor Richard Hartenberg, who has been head of the German department of
the Crane Technical High School since 1903, has added five more instructors
to this department, which is expanding so rapidly.
The members of the '^German Club of Crane College" — eight hundrisd in number —
I A 1 b - 2 - GERMAN
Abendpost , Apr* 5, 1929 •
are also cultivating German art and music, in addition to studying the
language. The Schubert festival which was arranged by this club last
year was real proof of the young people's ambition. And the impression
upon the many visitors was inspiring indeed.
I A 1 b GERI.1AN
I C
III A Abendpost, Feb* 16, 1929.
Ill H
GH:R^^N L\NaU«^ I^J FORjl^iaM COUirPRES.
(Sditorial;
"he measure of Gernirmy's value to the v/orld is reflected in the measure of the
world's appreciation of the Genrtin language. During the vmr the fury of the
allied countries \ya3 aimed at the extermination of the Gerimn language, which
v/as eliminated from the school curriculum everywhere. Jven after the war, this
condition prevailed for a long time. For about five years now conditions have
slowly improved. In America, England and France the German language has been
reintroduced as a spe'cial subject, partly elective, but partly required. In
Czechoslovakia, people are beginning to realize that ignorance of the German
language is disadvantageous to the Czechs. Just recently, the government of
Esthonia revoked the forjaer decisions of the cabinet which replaced Gerraan v/ith
English as the leading language taught in the high schools. Now a^ain the Ger-
man language ranks as the leading language.
In Roumania a congress of hi2:h schooi^ Ge?xQhers dema.nded the immediate reintro-
duction of the Gernnn language' as a compulsory subject in all schools. All
- 2 - g^RI-IAN
Aberidpost, Feb* 15, 1929.
participants at the congress agreed that knowledge of "German, for economic
reasons, and in consideration of the cultural Gerram minority in Rouraania, is
absolutely necessary, and that devilopinent of Rouimnian culture, without know-
ledge of the Gerrmn language and products of Gerni?:.n Culture would be hampered.
Only nearsightedness can overlook the f ict that such peaceful victories of German
science ind culture are of the highest value. They naturally cannot accomplish
and substitute what only the external powerful political positions of a country
can give^ but even if not always discernible, their effect under circumstances can
be more lastin^^ and effective.
I A 1 b q::ri.ian
I A 1 a
I A 1 d Abendpost^ July 11, 1928.
I .A 3
II C \;I330LDT iMGrrruTE.
IV
In tandel Hall of the University of Chicago the fornval dedication of the
building recently took place. It was or seated to the University by the Gor-
man-American wholesale i.-ierchant and philanthropist, ./illiam .1, Wieboldt, and
has been named after its donor, \/ieboldt Institute.
The new building, ;.iiich was erected at a cost of .^550,000 in Gothic style to
harmonize with the other buildings of the University, lies between "ohe Harper
library and the building of classical studies on the L.idway. **'./ieboldt Hall'*
v/as dedicated yesterday to the study of modem languages. In his festival
speech, Professor Alexander Hohlfeld of the Univ^.rsity of ./is cons in, stated that
VJieboldt Hall is the only University building in the Vidiole world, in which
modern languages exclusively are taught.
'^'.Vieboldt Institute is the symbol of modern philology," said the professor.
"It embodies the ideal of co-operation between the different language depart-
ments. The desire for such an institute which has existed for a long time,
has now been realized through the large endowment of I.Ir. V/ieboldt."
Professor V/illiam A. Nitze, the president of the Department of Romance Languages,
- o ^
" ♦%# ^
Abendpoat, July 11, 1928.
Gi'iRIi.m /:''; '^^
[ i W.PA ^1
was the chskirman of the festival. The celebration was followed by a tea, and
inspection of the new buildin:^.
I A 1 b
II B 1
I G
c (1)
'Ibond-ost, ::av 10, 1927.
t:\: .TRiCAL p~:::i:^o?i"
^:
T'-- 0 ^\e.':v^:^. 30ci3tieG of loc^.l univorsiLie^^ are preo^-rr-ic tv/o t'leatrical per-
for-r'.nces at v.'liicl; the comeiias "Unrl'^r 7our _~]j^es" ov Ludv/ir ?ulcla and '•The
Distant Princess^' bv *:le'ri'-rrnn Su:ier. aam, "ill '>.''^ -olayod.
The iiri:t ■o^:;rfor:mnc'j '/ill be :.elcl
Uni^'orsity
C^ •/ \J ^ I
.A^iXi
..i _j
'/a:
' t 1*** *T*
rl --V
on and "Ure socon.i ^eriorr.anco
n 1
o/i-^'o IIu^l of 'Iortl.\/est3rn
be riven at t-'e
ill
Re^-nolds Clu'"^' of th ? UnivorGii:'; of Chic > o. T^ie fact t-j-.t these theatrical
Toerfor. ances are takin" 'olace a ain is a ''•ood si'n of the revival of the
^•6r::an lan-ua-^e at the hi-her educational insr. itu :ions«
Since 1920, after the reintroduction of ^Jerir.an in T/i^e hi-di schools D,ncl
colle'"os, the nuinber of studoiits '".as incrc:i3ed constantly', Pvocc^^nitio:i of
the rreat importance of the '^err.ian lan^'ua-e has at last r^enetrated the
acadoniic (Circles, It is expected th^at this interest - ill increase steadily,
es^eci?-ll^* if su^>:orted bv such i.ieans as t'-.e theatrical -oerf or* nances.
I A 1 t
GSRIvIAK
I c
I G
II B 1 c
(1)
III A
III B a
I A 1 a
II 3 3
Atendpost, May 2, 1926 •
"FLACKSMAN AS TUTOR."
Play ty Modern German Poet
(Editorial)
-4
Next Wednesday a meeting, under the auspices of the Chicago Turner Society,
will te arranged in the North Side Turner Hall. The object will "be to attract
larger circles. Students of the Waller High School, will perform the well
known comedy "Flachsman as Tutor", "by the recently deceased German poet. Otto
Ernst. The occasion is therefore, noteworthy, because it will prove, that
German lessons in our high schools are again in a "befitting place. The fatal
war caused damages in this connection which were bard to rectify. It caused
a complete removal, of the German lessons from our public schools, and halted
the German teachings in our high schools for a long time.
German, as it was taught in the fifth through the eighth grades in the public
schools before the war, was worthless. It was handled carelessly, and the
not always competent teachers had not only to fight against the indifference
of many children of German parentage, and, what is more regrettable, of many
I A 1 b - 2 - gERMAN
Abendpost, May 2, 1926.
(1)
I c
I G
II B 1 .
Ill A
III B 2
I A 1 a
II B 3
f
parents, as well, but also wHh the half open ajid half latent opposition of
SQme of the school directors. If the course could not have heen improved,
then nohody can lament the loss, "because the children did not learn much. It
was often looked upon and carried out as a plaything. But at that time it
would have "been possible to improve the teaching of the German language, if
the German element had shown the necessary methodical determination. The war,
with its systematic persecution of all that was German, may have forced many
of those German parents to reconsider, and subsequently to regret their former
indifference .
Their children, probably, would not have been so easily willing together with
the descendants of other races, to discard and condemn everything that was
German, if they had had the opportxmity to penetrate into the German character.
They would instead have accepted the slanders with the well known grain of
salt, which stimulates independent judgment. The damage cannot be repaired
now.
- 3 - GEmiAN
A'bendpost, May 2, 1926.
But our fellow citizens of German descent should take care not to make the
same mistake in the future. Especially, the new immigrants should see to it,
that they uphold their hatits and customs, and the memories of their German
homelsmd, to their children. That ^an he done only if they persuade their
children to adopt the German language in word and script.
The English mangua.ge in this countr^^S undoulDtedly, deserves first place. Every
child should master it as their mother tongue. At the same time, enough leeway
is left to Iparn a second language, which must he, under all circumstances the
German language, for the descendants of Germans. Only when some one is thor-
oughly familiar with the German language can the treasures of German literature
and science he at his disposal, and "by "being the possessor of it? knowledge,
can he \mderstand the German character and at)praise it rightfully in regard to
its value. There should he no objection if children of German parents would
learn the German language from them.
Everybody knows that this is not the case. If everywhere in the homes the
- 4 - GSHI.IAN
1)
Atendpost, llay 2, 1925 •
German language weie spoken, it would be possible for the children to learn
to speak it fluently, and probably thereby preserve it permanently. But it
is a well known fact, that as soon as the children enter school, the German
language at home is displaced comoletely by the English language. That is
a common occurrence, but German parents should make sacrifices to preserve
the German language for their children and the ability to use it in word and
script.
In the local high schools the German language is taught again. But how many
students of German descent qjake use of it? If they wanted to employ statis-
tics, the result would be disgraceful for the German element.
Therefore, the Chicago Turner Society, in its endeavors to make it possible
for the students of the Waller High School to arrange a public performance of
a German comedy, deserves high praise for upholding the German language amon^
our local fellow-citizens of German descent. Consequently they should con-
- 5 - &SEMAN
Abendoost, May 2, 1926
sider it their duty to have their children attend the performance.
I A 1 b GERMAN
IV
IV (Norwegian) Abendpost . Oct« 30, 1925.
IV (Swedish)
IV (Danish) THE AFFILIATED GSHIvdANIC GROUP
IV (Dutch) OF 1HE CITY OF CIIICAGO
Important Cultural Organization Founded by
Prominent Intellectual Chicagoans
The affiliated Germanic Group of the City of Chicago has just been founded.
It is an organization for the furtherance of the study of modern languages
and literature at the University of Chicago. The group also wants to be
instrumental in the maintaining and introducing of all those traditional
values from the old world which could contribute to the best of the new
world. The group will participate in the ceremony of laying the corner-
stone of Meboldt Hall on November 6. This University building will be -3
dedicated to the study of modern languages, for which the ./ieboldt Founda- -^^
tion contributed $500,000.
The United German Group will co-operate with the Univertisy of Chicago, be-
cause the members of the group recognize that the University, being more
- -^
r
{
I A 1 b - 2 - GERMAN
IV
IV (Norwegian) Abendpost, Oct. 30, 1925.
IV (Swedish)
IV (Danish) experienced, is better prepared to further the knowledge of
IV (Dutch) the culture of their homelands. To the group belong outstand-
ing Chicago representatives of Germanic nations who on many
occasions have successfully solved problems seriously affecting the welfare
of their people.
The members of the representative comnittee of the United Germanic Group,
all Chicagoans, are the following:
Dr. Otto L. Schmidt, chairman; ^Villiam A, T/ieboldt, honorary chairman;
Cornelius Teninga, secretary-treasurer.
Danish: Dr. J. Christian Bay, S. T. Corydon, Dr. Max Henius, E. C. Bunck.
Norwegian: Andrew Hummeland, Col. T. A. Siqueland, Judge Oscar M. Torrison,
Birger Osland, John P. Hoviand.
Icelandic: Chester H. Thordarson.
•"n
I A 1 b - 3 - GERMAN
IV
17 (Norwegian) Abendpost, Oct* 30, 1925,
IV (Swedish)
IV (Danish) German: Bernard DeVry, E. J* Kruetgen, A. F. //• Siebel, Max L.
IV (Dutch) Teich, Henry Zander.
Dutch: Judge Frederic H. De Young, D. C. Gordon, Dr. G. J. Hagens, Cornelius
Teninga, John Vennema*
Swedish: Henry S. Henschen, A. Lanquist, Honorable Edwin A. Olson, Charles 3.
Peterson, E. P. Strandberg.
The University of Chicago is represented by its president. Dr. Max Mason,
Philip 3. Allen, Professor and acting chairman of the department of German
language and literature; Professor Ferdinand Schevill, from the department
of history, and Dr. H. Y. Atchison.
Dr. Otto L# Schmidt, chairman of the main committee, today issued the follow-
ing statement: ** According to the U. S. census of 1920, fifty per cent of all
Germans, Scandinavians, Dutch, and Flemish born abroad live in the twelve
t
CD
I A 1 b - 4 - GERMAN
IV
IV (Norwegian) Abendpost> Oct« 30, 1925.
IV (Swedish)
IV (Danish) states of the Middle 7/est, of ^ich the industrial and cultiiral
IV (Dutch) center is Chicago. This fact is all the more remarkable as
these twelve states contain only twenty-eight per cent of the
total population of the United States.
bavins realized that Chicago is close to being the true center of the bulk
of the Germanic peoples, many far-sighted persons belonging to these races
have for some time had the intention to take measures which would afford an
insight into the literary, historical, and cultural values of the Germanic
languages and literature, to emphasize the effects of such studies as a
powerful factor in the fusion of all elements vdiich make up American civili-
zation.
''The University of Chicago appears to have offered an excellent opportunity
to these outstanding minds of which they should not fail to take advantage.
It is the opportunity to serve as a medium for the presentation of the
intrinsic values of Gennanic civilization.
j.r>
}
I A 1 b - 5 - GERMAN
IV
IV (Norwegian) Abendpost, Oct, 30, 1925,
IV (Swedish)
IV (Danish) "The term » Germanic • is in this sense a philologic one. As
IV (Dutch) such it betokens the fact that the German, Scandinavian, and
Dutch languages all have the same origin and that they went
through developments which differ from other types of languages. They are,
in a way, sisters and cousins.
Although English is likewise a Germanic language, it is, in the nature of
things, given so much attention in American schools and institutions that
it must be dealt with in a separate department. 7/ithin the so-called modern 2
group of languages there are also the Romance languages such as French,
Italian, Spanish, etc.
-'-':?
I A 1 b
II B 2 a
G^RIIAU
Abendpost^ Sep. 24, 1925.
INSTRUC'^IOriS IM THE G^R:;I^N L\!C^UAG1^.
(Editorial)
Dr. '!!. "Tiitney, the manager of the chemiccxl division of the General Electric
Coinpany, is decidedly an adherent of instruction in the German language in
.teeric^.n hirh schools. About the v?ilue of these instructions in reg-^rd to
scientific research and literary pursuit in general. Dr. .^Tnitney says: **Th0
fact tiiat we c?^n continue to coir.bat illness with serum and other similar
modern developments we ov/e partly to the thorou!?;h work of German scientists,
who set dov/n the results of their rese^irch in epoch-making works. At the
John Crerar Libr^iry of Chicatro, the most extensive scientific library in the
United States, about 30^ of the entire nuj'ber of books are German.
At the library of the Rockefeller Institute of Medical Research, the pro-
portion of German books to :Ln[?;lish is tv/o to one.
At the library of our own research laboratories, the shelves are more than
three eii^hths filled with German books. And even yet we make daily dis-
coveries at vihe library, that irany of the best articles and books of refer-
ences rema.in inaccessible to younn; engineers, because of their ignorance of
- 2 -
G3RI,iAN
Abendpost
24, 1925,
the Gernipn 1'^ ngie ge . '*
The American scholar, Dr. VTieelcck, snys, "In studying the Cerman language
we find beauty, Laeans bo culture, and practicp.l v.lue.'*
I A 1 b
I G
(SRIlAN
Abendpost, Sept. 5, 1919 •
g::ri.i/^ in higei sceooi^
Language to Be Taught if Enrollment is Sufficient
Everyone knov;s that when the hatred toward everything German reaches its
climax during the V/ar, and a large part of the public considered it super-
patriotic to make strong attacks upon all institutions established or advo- ^
cated by Americans of German extraction, the School Board abolished teaching
of German in the elementary public schools. The "language of the Kaiser" was
taboo. At that time it was thought that the French and Spanish languages
should be taught in the upper grades. The matter vjas dropped however, because
no children wanted to take these courses, and thus there is now no opportunity
whatever to learn a foreign language in our elementary schools. ^
The case with reference to high schools is different. That part of the course
havinr: to do with instruction in foreign languages was not altered, and German,
Spanish, French, or any other foreign language, may still be taught. However,
->"
I A 1 b - 2 - GERMAN
I G
Abendpost > Sept. 5, 1919.
on account of the public attitude the instruction in German was reduced to
such an extent that German classes may be fo\ind in but few high schools
today« Of course the matter could be remedied very easily. If only a few
parents request that their children be instructed in German, that request ^
will be heeded. But heretofore no such desire has been voiced, either 5
because parents are indifferent, or because they are not familiar with the <:^
situation. Attempts which are made may meet with opposition on the part of r;
this or that principal, but it should not be difficult to overcome such
resistance.
Mr. £. G. Willner, a prominent businessman living at 2552 Grand Avenue, had
to cope with objections raised by Mr. Franklin Fisk, principal of Tuley High
School, 1313 North Claremont Avenue. Mr. Willner wants his daughter, who
attends Tuley Higib School, to learn German. But at the school^ she was given
to understand that if she wishes to learn a foreign language it would have
to be the French language. Mr. Willner then paid Mr. Fisk a visit and was
CO
CD
-^ J
I A 1 b • 3 - CSSRMAN
I G
Abendpost , Sept. 5, 1919.
informed that his daughter would have to enroll in another high school if
she persisted in her demand.
"Our arrangements," said Mr. Fisk, "cannot be altered now."
Under these circumstances Mr. V/illner thought it best to apply directly to -S
the School Board, to which he addressed the following letter: ^
"To the School Board of the City of Chicago: ^
"Esteemed Ladies and Gentlemen: Permit me to make a few remarks concerning
your resolution to abolish instruction in the German Language in public
schools.
"At the time of the Firanco -Prussian V/ar I learned French. If anybody had
made a proposal to do away with French instruction in the schools of Germany
' ^
r >
^ .1
I A 1 b - 4 - CaiRIJAN
I G
Abendpostt Sept» 5, 1919 •
he would have been told that he belonged in an institution for the feeble-
minded*
"A knowledge of the German language is very advantageous, especially in a
large city like Chicaco, but a knowledge of French, which you are having ^
taught in our high schools, has little or no practical value anywhere in the ^
United States • ^^
"Very respectfully,
"G. J* V/illner."
The answer was not long in forthcoming* It is as follov7s:
CD
on
I A 1 b
I G
^'Mr. Or. J. V/illner,
"2352 Grand Avenue,
- 5 -
Abendpost , Sept. 5, 1919 •
GERJIW
*♦ Chicago, Illinois*
ro
CD
"Dear Sir: Instruction in the German language has not been abolished in our
public high schools, but it has been discontinued in elementary schools. The
German language will be taught in any high school in which a sufficient num-
ber of students enrolls for the course to form a class. That means, in
general, fifteen to twenty, since a smaller class would not be worthwhile, p
The School Board has passed no resolution which bans instruction in the German^;
language in high schools.
"E. C. Armstrong,
"Assistant Superintendent.'?
i '
I A 1 b - 6 - (SRMi\K
I G
Abendpost , Sept. 5, 1919.
Mr. I7illner took this letter to Mr. Fisk and reiterated his requests IVhether
it will be granted depends on the possibility of obtaining fifteen to tv/enty
children who want to learn Gernan. That should not be difficult, since there
are thousands of Americans of German descent in every school district in the
city of Chicago.
Co
c.n
!t
i
I
I A 1 b
Abend post, Apr. 26, 1919.
LT^3 Al© FiilHSECUTIOlI
(Editorial)
An exaTiple of theso little but extremely mean lies, which are usually sniuggled
into publications by irresponsible assistants, reporters, etc., may be found
in the April 22 issue of the ChiGar:o Daily liews. It is contained in a special
dispatch from S-oringfield entitled "Senate Bars Crerman from Schools in ^~
Illinois". The article states that "according to the provisions of a bill c^
which vias T)assed by the Senate today, it is forbidden to teach the German
lanp-uage as the basic lan^ua-^e in -nublic, -nrivate, and parochial school^!.
The bill makes iln'rlish the basic lan^uare in all schools. It is not forbidden
to teach Latin, Greek, or other lan^uar*es".
The bill does not forbid instruction in the German language. It does not
even mention the German lam-^uage; and it is not directed at^.ainst the German
I A 1 b - 2 - GERMAN
AbendDOst, kov. 26, 1919,
language; and it is not directed against the German language any more than
it is against any other language. It merely provides that English is to be
considered the basic langua/:^e, and is to be taught above all other languages;
it must be used as the medium of instruction.
:3>
It is open to question whether or not this is just and prudent, insofar as "^
private and parochial schools are concerned. But to say that the bill is a r
measure directed especially or only against the German language is a deception ;
and a lie. And that was actually stated by the contents and the caption of the c
report. And thus the action of the Senate was construed as an intended insult l
to the German- speaking and German-born element of our population. And so the [
attempt was made to fan the flaines of an already strong racial hatred and to '
maintain and increase the existing dissension.
A lie is a lie. An openly invented lie is comparatively ham^less, because it
is easily recognized. But a lie v/hich is covered with a varnish of truth is
not easily detected, and passes as the truth which serves as its cover. It
I A 1 b - 3 - Can^Lnl-I
Abend nost, ^xnv. SG, 1919.
is cowardly, mean, unpatriotic, Tul2:ar; and it is frequently found in the
American press. It is the chief source of the dissatisfaction which is
prevalent amonr- our people.
CO
oi
I A 1 b
I G
GH
:1 "
■Ibendpost > Jarx. 16, .li^l:;.
•■^^'•^'JTia:
RESULTS 0? r^. -xwu
Only 1108 Hit^h ..chocl otudentc inrollec in Gevri^n Jlvisses.
The effect of the v'?.r an-, of the percecution of everything* Gernan upon
tiie ctudy of the Gerrrpn lanruare is- evident fron a rejjort of Acting
Superiiitendent of oohools Peter .i. Lortenson. In the ele:aentary schools
C-er:.ian bss not been taurht at all oince the berinnir.'r of the school year,
and in the high schools the nurnber of students studying Gernan has dropped
to 1108, decreasing by about fifty per cent. In the follovjin.;: list the en-
rollr.ent of this year's students of German in the various schools is compared
v;ith last year's enrollment.
School
Austin
Bovjen
Crane
Crane Tech,
Number this year
50
22
18
45
lyiu:;:ber last year,
150
24
54
200
ii
I G
— '^ —
GERIv^J:!
Abenrtpost, Jan, 16, 1919
c
chool
Snglevvood
Harrison Tech
Hyde J-'ark
Lake View
Lane Tech
i-larshall
LicKinley
Ledill
Lornan Tark •
jr-arker
Phillips
Schurz
Senn
Tilden
Tuley
V.aller
Nunber this year
0
0
85
169
120
68
65
61
45
0
55
36
79
92
0
108
50
Lninber last year.
150
104
147
368
200
100
140
150
45
35
80
132
179
247
25
208
130
I A 1 b
I G
- 3 -
aSH^L^JT
Abendpost, Jan. 16, 1919.
In four hi '3h schools, I'^lnglevjood, .i^encer, i.^crgan Park, and Tilden, German
is not taught at all, because a required ninimum of tv;enty did not re^-ister
for the subject.
I A 1 b GEHI.al:;
Sonntaf^post (Sunday L^dition of /.bendpost) , Cot. 27, 1918.
(?]ditorial)
It is generally believed that after the v/ar, cor.imerce and industry will
7;itness a nev/ boom, not only in this country but all over the v;orld. The
peaceful competition of nations in world trade v/ill become keener than ever
before. Consequently, it cannot be pointed out often enough that our nation,
and especially the younger generation, should bend every effort to enter into
this struggle fully prepared. To gain thorough experience is the priiaary con-
dition for all success in business. .».nd since our future trade will, more
than ever before, reach into the farthest corner of the globe, the mastery of
foreign languages is imperative for our young and ambitious people, regardless
of v/hether they are already engaged in business or are still attending high
schools, corimercial schools, or colleges.
In one of the latest editions of the Gomnerce Reports, issued daily by the (i^y{P{^
o,
^91
1 b
iT^
G-jrd*JiI\^
Sonntarpost ( Sunday iLdition of .iLbendpost} , Oct. 27, 1918.
Department of Corimerce, the Assistant Secretary of the bureau of Coriii!ierce,
0. B. Snov7, calls attention to this necessity. In his article he raakes
reference to the report subrnitted by a comnittoe v/hich was appointed by the
British Prime i.inistor to ascertain the part played by foreign languages in
the British system of education. The material for this report v;as compiled
by the committee from information supplied by trade organizations and prom-
inent business firms. According to the committee, the great majority of those
interviewed are of the opinion that the ignorance of' linglish merchants regard-
ing foreign languages is seriously impeding business. Tlie v/ell-known fact
that, during the last years before the v;ar, British trade v/ith oouth iimerica
v/as declining rapidly, is taken as the best proof, ethers have argued that
the disinclination of the English to learn foreign Ismguages caused many
British firms to employ foreigners in great numbers to conduct their foreign
correspondence, especially Germans, Scandinavians, and Dutch, v/ho proved to
be better Ulugutsts.
The report goes even further. After emphasizing the necessity for the study
I .V 1 b - :? - c^ii.jii.
Sonntacpost (Sunday Edition of /vbend^^'ost) , Oct. 27, 1918,
of forei^'-n languages, the or^ier of ii.iportiince of various lonrua^^es for the
British businessman v/; s investigated, v/ith the result that i^rench, German,
Spanish, and Russian were found to be the lan^ages that v/ould probably be
of importance for v;orld trade after the war. Especially recommended is the
study of the German language, although in certain circles the reaction v/ould
be unfavorable. But it would be impossible to do trade v/ithout it. This
could not even be done within the British Isles, to say nothinf;^ of foreign trade.
Common sense demands that the study of the German language be given a v/ider
sooDe in the future than even before the war.
This report speaks for itself, and C. D, Sno^v an official of the .Imericar
Department of Commerce, shows rood judrm.ent by publishing it in the Commerce
Reports for the benefit of the .uieric::n business /^orld. Tlie study of foreign
languages here in .America has not been nearly as intense as would seem desirable.
It is true that in the hirh schools, colleges, and business schools all sorts
of foreign languages are ta-'.irht, but in most cases the knov/ledge v.^hich the
students of these institutions absorb, after years of stuay, does not even
mi
il
lb - 4 - g:
lj^iiy^».i .
oonntacpost (Sunday li^dition of . .bendpost ) ^ Get. S7, 1918.
enable then to ask a native of a foreign country for a drink of uater»
Theory and c^-^^""^^!* "37e er.r^hasized, but practice is rore or lass lacking.
The most in-oortant thinr; in learning: a foreir^n lancuare is to learn hov; to
talk, I^e v/ho can speak a lanr;uace v;ill soon be able to read and v/rite it,
also; but a "oersor^s ability to read it does not, in the least, mean that he
can v.Tite it, to say nothinc of talkinr it, Ihe Uepartrent of Corj-^ierce itself
has had sone experiences v/ith its er^-^lovees in this re'-^-ord, and so have hun-
dreds and thousands of our business and industrial fir^ns v;hich have sent younr
people to foreicn countries v/ho v/ere poorly trained, .-. person in a foreign
country who has not m-istered the lanrua^e cannot be as riuch of an asset to his
business ns one v/ho can converse f].uently 7;ith the natives, for he v/ill not
Cet a clear conception of the needs of the people and the conditions prevailing
in the f orei^f^n country. In the S'lrne v/ay, the man who can just rrianage to stairmier
in a foreign tongue, but can^t read the daily papers, and is unable to maintain
a correspondence v/ith his ne;v friends, is at an equal disadvantage.
If the .unerican businessman expects, therefore, to get his share of world tradg^
• A//
I A 1 b
GHK .,
Jonntufrost (Junda:' edition of ..henu^iost) , Cct, Z7 , 191G,
he Villi have to see to it that .jrierican schools five even nore tine to the
study of foreicn liLncua^-es than they did before the v;ur# Jurinc the last
thirty years creat iriprover.ients have been r.i.tde in foreicn-laiiPua{;e study.
But t}ie system of instruction eri:-loyed seeiis i.iore of an introduction into
the literature of the lancuar^e than a neans for a practical mastery of it.
Foreign lancua^es should be taurht in such a ;;ay tliat the pupil, after he
has conpleted the course, v/ill be able not only to speak fluently and cor-
rectly but also to conduct an effective correspondence. This goes for
i^'rench, Spanish, Italian, and i^ussian as v/ell as for '^ernan.
The Gerraan lancua,::e v;ill maintain its place in the v;orld even after the v/ar,
as the nuoted report of the llnclish coi.xiittee so justly emphasizes. To be
unv/illinc to see the truth of this statement v/ould be lil:e cuttinc off your
nose to spite your face. The study of the Cen.ian lane';^uace v;ill have to be
continued, after the v;ar, v/it}i increased intensity in our high schools,
colle-^es, and business schools.
I A 1 b
I G
.ibendT:-ost , Oct .o, 191c.
Guijc: ii:oTRicTici: ic cUvTIiiue
:wCCordinc to Professor J. T» I/itfield, instruction in the German lancuage
V7ill be continued at i>iorthv/estern Lniversity.
"The youn£: people should feel at hoi.ie v;hen they co to Gerr:iany," said t2ie
professor. "That's why v;e te-ich then not only the lan^*ua-;-e but also the
customs of the country."
Gi<rJl-^'vi^
3^ ^ ^ ^ Gl^^RMiiN
I Cr
Abendpost, 5ept« 28, 1918«
GrYM^^ BIoTFcUCTION TO GOI'ITINUE
Instruction in German will be continued in the public schools of Oak Park,
including its high school, and also in the schools of River Forest tovvnship.
The school board of the comiunity voted unanimously last night in its favor,
and rejected a petition of the George Rogers Glark Chapter of the Daughters
of the American Revolution for abolition of Gernan instruction, iifter a short
debate, rresident J, IQbben Ingalls and ivirs. V-. a. Douglass and G. 3, Ellison,
school commissioners, voted for the continuance of German instruction. School
Commissioners '.VilliaJii Pettigrew and Vmlter D. Herrick were absent.
In his address to the school board, President Ingalls said: "Since Dr. Philander
P. Claxton, federal commissioner of education, the National Security League, and
the educational authorities of the Allies recommend the study of the German
language, we cannot do anything but vote for the mainteneince of German instinict-
ion in our schools."
hn.
I A 1 b - 2 - GSm>^>I
I G
Abendpost , Sept. 28, 1918.
It was claimed yesterday in Oak Park that the members of the D. A. R. and
the people of Oak Park and River Forest would continue their agitation against
the German language. Furthermore it v/as said that some high school students
would refuse to continue the study of German even if this had a bad effect on
their grades and delayed the completion of their school courses.
I ii 1 b
I G
GERMAN
Abendpost, Sept* 27, 1918.
FIGHT iLG^INST GT^Hl-J^ DBTItUCTICN
A petition to abolish the teaching of German in the Oak Park High School and in
River Forest tov;nship vlll be presented tonight to the school boards of the
tv;o comraunities. Leader of the movement af;ainst the teaching of German is Iv'^rs.
C. 0. Bird, former regent of the George Rogers Clark Chapter of the Daughters
of the American Revolution, v-ho also drew up the resolution against German
instruction v;hich v.as adopted by the chapter* ivirs. Bird is absolutely certain
that the school board, v/hich previously decided against abolition of German
instruction, has ch^oigec its opinion or is going to change it# Whether the
petition v/ill be successful is hard to say, for the president of the school
board, I^Ir. J. Kibben Ingalls, and the school com^nissioners George E. Ellison
and i,:rs, Lillian Douglass, have all objected to the petition and are in favor
of maintaining the teaching of German.
••I have not changed my opinion since last Lay, v.hen I voted against the abolition
I A 1 b - 2 - G^imii\N
I G
Abendpost, ^ept. 27, 1918.
of German instiuction," declared Mrs. Douglass yesterday. "VJhy should people
let their enthusiasm run av;ay v.ith their comraon sense? a knoivledge of German
is recuired of students v.ho enter our higher educational institutions, colleges
and universities. The continuance of German instruction has been recommended
by the federal government. I Vvill, therefore, not vote for the abolition of
German, unless somebody furnishes irrefutable reasons for its abolition."
I A 1 b
GijlLi.it U. I
Abendpost^ Jept. 11, 1918*
■
Instruction in Gernan has been suspended for an indefinite period in
iCvanston Hicb ochool* The German instructor v;ill teach i^'rench from
nov; on.
■I
I A 1 b GERMAN
I A 1 b (Polish)
IV (Polish) Abendpost . Sept. 4, 1918.
THE TEACHING OF GSRi^AN
School Commissioner Antcn Czamecki has again taken up his fight against
the teaching of German in the public schools. As everybody knows, there
has been no teaching of German for some time, although an order issued by
Superintendent Mortenson on August 30 merely says that, until further notice,
no new Genaan classes should be started. This order could of course be
interpreted to mean that in those /classes/already established, instruction
could be restuned, provided that a sufficient number of pupils were available.
This has exasperated Anton Czarnecki. At yesterday's meeting of the school
board, he proposed two resolutions, one of which would immediately discon-
tinue the teaching of German in the public schools, while the other would
put all other languages which are not now taught in the public schools on an
equal footing with German. Both proposals were referred to the committee
on resolutions, whose chairman is Mrs. Lulu IJ. Snodgrass.
l_\ 1 J
III 11
••> ~. -^•
Illino^i^ ovr? o3^_j:e2.^un^;;, .:un3 i"; , i.'i
^^Idi^^cri'^1,
(l9r!:-?'n will be, :^roh';biy, t/.e iany-(•^ ^e oT millions .nJ ::.iilion3 aiter "^lij \r*r M3
it v;as before tlio \i-'.r. jhe ■Lhou::t :^o iw.ve
er..'n i-inru'i
.cro.- nov; on ]ij;jiy
03 .'US
lii.ea
, ^.*
ra ivO
rjseno ios^ilo •. iv^ihude u.:'-i:is:^ l:}.!:: 'ierrnan "^npire,
^
i k
•i.iilir.r v/ith
D'vtt J.O c^ nnoo, i■.o\/ev^^r, jg ^iven a re'.co:iMOie 'ina s- .ois^t^ci^Ox^y rci:!r:-iiuje,
better kaoi/ie i'^o of t^o 1er::nn l'":^n' m*?! i prob^olv wouid ;..ive c^ncioied us to '^ve
better oro-r redness for i:his ■.rr. t xeus;., v;o \/ouj.'i ^.ave been :;:ore
the "ictu-^l leelinr's and purposes of ;;]:j ruling ci- Sir^es oi dcr"'::cin" in x'e -.rds oo :^s.
.;e c nnot afford go '-ive 'jerinnv '^n^^ '^dv ro-- ••-ii, ^•'i'^her in our death stru:^'de with
it, or in " co-.v:eoiGive i:e-^.ceiul tr--ns-" c^ion. fo ^:ro:.ibi-. tiiO stuiv :^Xi}^ use of
trie •jf^Ti-'p.rx lan";'.r --e would be si:-:ii".r '.c /ivirif; us a disadviit-'^^eous st^irt in :he
stru-^'le of co::r;etioi:):i, v'-'^'i'u^ '^-^i '^^ be conoinued) should ::he "Oii consist eit}ier
;;ar vicoor^;, or
eri o'l t>>e ^vorid jieit-*
lie ^e ^dershi ; of co
01'
u-'e
rciai eji'oernrise::. In thi'^ f^ro^-ressive
^3 a vliole, nor xa-j of its doininions
c-.3.n be periTiltted -o be deaf and dUirio in 0:,e 1' n-^^ye of 'my riv is Hinon - the na-
Tiio :s.
ri:.i^h d^-pire
Alb
III :;
WPA(;LL)f.H0^,302/i
l^or successiul coi'.nezir.ion vi^h ierin-nv, oi the \/orj.vt':j coii:::^;jrci .1 .";"iu ;r..ri3C3 and
world 'o liolo.:itcy, v.e have to kno\; ^/liat oillcinl Jon-iany has oo say, >ind .;hat in-
ausisri 1
« \-^ ■
ii ..
CO
^j?rci 1 jerirLiny does. xx je ar3 noG c:'.rclul, '1a.riu:inv ;,ill he-ui us
ofl in tii-3 int Dm '. v.i >n-il \/-r oT co/: .i-rct;, .'hie-: oho 'ri^iCi-':! nations lia/u uO li ht
alt or Ghe ^■i^e-.t ^;::ir ±3 ovor.
Zeviyycvr li-vbes evervthin- tLr\t is ^n'^li::!. yo-./Gver. ohis I'l^itred did not cause tho
banish, .ent of the stud^^ of ^n-lish ;;iuhin the .evLVxn l-.oire, Cn tl^e
contrary, in
uho future i::or'^ '^erimns v;ill be able uO spe-jk in. liih tii n ev^r o^'for^ii. In spite
of hi'di t'iriff and strony pr^jw<dico, ^he 'err'aiiLi .vill i.c.JS' ntlv iii^rive ^o ex-
pand t:iair co..jnsrcial e-iteryrises in Znylish syeakiny countries^ and ^o do this
they v/ill have to speak our lanyuayo fluently. To encounter the •xerrri-n cor:pe-
tition in ilnylish r;pe-^kiny '.nl ozY.cc coa:.'^rieSj .vitri exaoc^ations of succesij, t»}iey
inust be in a Dosition ^o re-.a 'Xid refute the clever co.-ierci'l literaiiure.
Trie
li
T .^
!^re*\t scientific discoveries, ;;hici'; revola^ionized the soci-l 'aid oconeinic
bho \;orld, and the yrea.. inventions \;hich ".ccoi.plished jonders for uhe
0-
icorove.^ent of huii>:in life, 7ith t?io encepaion of a fe\/, ane achieve.nents of :.:an
I A ■! •'
X 1^
T'
WPA(;LL.;*^Ku.,J0^;5
Ilii^-'oi':^ :J^•>.^l■oS luii^un * Juno 17, iOio
of Ouho:* ori
l:i
■i»:'j. • n
:iaL,io . .11^^'.
■ orrr^nv .ii.i oe
.'ise :^n'-ju n
o co:iwiriir3 ':o re
tocols or "i'i'iif:;;; scientific aocit^jtie::;.
;i'.i 0-;':>iUl'
■v- -..^ji'
lis;' DOOrlS cUld ^ro
-7
oQ
"I" tii'f
ex;in
'^noviled^-e of
•.">
1-..:
• - , - • * !_'
; 'i ae:^en;^-:; ooii
I \ 1 b
I B 3 b
II A 1
Illinoio- -^t_""'t:; "aiuun-';, '.cr. 12, 151''
•J. 1.
••I!AM
t::;"
J'
The \ineriG n
ilchooi • r^GOci'* ui'jn lield •" v;ull '^■^-enued recepti n, ya3'U:'rd'-y evening;
in oho ^Gr^itiord /^otoi. In ; ic ".'oico.:.in-; ••:. ress, oho Preaileiit, "yc. I.^*/xii
^'iven,
u
coi::>cre.i ^he :j0rn'ins m unoricn
v/u. o i ;
oi;e vm-
.'1
icn n rio!::- n eii:'j?ror
'i O -• .-,.Ji ly»
:e usnnans m .vm-i
G':ui. The fruit of tlie s':ar" was not -o^'^rs, but p-r-pes; u-.d i.
aliouid unr^er '^11 circu. .st'aic^i:, observe and .ainbnin uheir ::.aG" ods, thoir ch:\racter,
their h'.bits nd t'ieir lcin'"L.'^r;e« ^'irh in the S' iie \r:rj as biie vine plruited in ?r^nc6,
rooted Li the 7rench ooil, th-^j "Grnrni siio:.<id fin.l his foooin ' in .inaricn soil,
drav; his nutri'ion from it, but should -^ive tiie country ohe frui-^s of his nrosrierity.
He nust becornG conscious of tlis i'?ct th't he is a r.-rt of thtj in-ited 3t-:tes of
An:erica, th-^.'G n- ro o'i^ the country oelon^s to hi:"? thut hs b^lonrs to tl^s countr^^. Mnd
th?^t ho :V'G obli'ations to\;ards the country -./hich -^r-^ntod him 'orotoction. As t'-^ical,
jr. Iliven pointed to th-^ posi^i^n - :\'\ ^.ctivity of t /o -e'.ibors of tl*e torman Cchool
AssociaLion, ;ho -./oru 'iT)-oointeA b-^ tjie '"".oura of Ziroctors to bo hononiir^^ i.eiabers of
the society, l./fd-Hne Arn^stine- dchu::nn-heink 'ind A-irtin ^vchjnidhofer. [x^cii-ie Cchui^ian-
Heink, last Satururiy, before her dop-..rt.>ire to C iliforni--, expressed her sincere
loyalty .;ioh ohe assurance that she hoaej to visit all uhe j.ieinbors n-^rson l^v in
- 1 "» ; > T 1 T T
Illinois otii.-its Zeir.uri", .or, 1:3, 1917,
the f' 11. ''-i.rtir. ichrr.idhofer is consi'iore I bv M.il educ'iter; C iic-.:-: o?.ns -js n ixin
of s'' criiicii'i^.T industry, exce^-tion* 1 roficiency -md iailexible inte'':rlty. The
resent-jtion of "^n honorary document, beC''\:nG a .';;;re'it ov":"^ion for ;.r. 3ch:.idhofor.
r)
...r* Krutren, a member of ohe school board, cro'-r in ;. very inter est in^j; rrs.nnsr on
7;hat the Clerrrrns Imd brouf^ht to the coaitn/ of tlieir choice, America, in '^-xf^Tvr.w hab-
its. Gnmin son-'s "x\6. Geri:i'-n obetry. The speaker re;:rretted that the Gernr.;nG do
not occupy a great -r leading role in y-oliticc and adr.;inistration, but hopes that in
the course of tirr:e, nn improvement o/ill occur.
After the bantj.iet, with v/hich the rr.'H}tin-;[: starve I, ^'^• 3ch.?::idhofer, .supervisor of
rorirjan in the CViic^-jo Schiools, ^avc:; an in-erestin;* report on the berinninr, of Gerrmn
instructions in the country ii ganerax and in --I'c.- city's schools In particular.
The able aeda-:0 5^''*ue loointed to its i.-noortance in the univers 1 scheiae of education
'x(\^\ regretted, th t it is iiot fully appreciauod by the Oer:':jan oarontj, because tv/o
thirds of the children, particioatinr in '^Vie instruction, v/ere of /Unericr^-n parent-
a.r-e, 7/1:0 acknov/led.^^ed i>he usefulness of a-iotl-er l-tn^u^;ge besides the inooher
tonp'ue.
Illinois ^)t-).at-,:3 '^oiuU>i', ^yc . 12, 1917 •
Under \Me bonevolnnt considor'ition of the present school board the nur. jor of
schools in which 'ierinvin instruction is ;;iv3n h.'S incrsasod frci.i 35 to 135, and the
nu';ber ^.:' children ^vj-ic rr'rtici_':Hted h^.v^^ increased from 7,CG0 to 33,0CC. '-r.
Ocliinidhof 9^' exprosse:^ the Iione, thnt in the future the "erm^'n parents will shov;
:::ore interest in uhis ^nrt of their chilvlren's education.
X -w 1 0
II A 1
iimois
— < . « 1 -r <
J. O v<l .1 • . . I
17.
"1 -;—• ;■''%'■
■X vestor r^--* 3 :.:eeoiii'' of tlui .:i30ciutlc t o
■i) CitJl'S -X- G o^lS l^ XSQi'hOi I'otel
tha o^'reiits of the children './/lo .vera prec^rit 'it "^ho tri.-i ixictruc-io"'', .;ust li">v3
I < / rj ' J. i o i- o X •, U
le-.3 3d
*♦■ -. '^ '^ >*• v , • •.'^ - ^'-x \-^ ' »~i \^, /'* '*w "^
! '."i'
vll the chiidro.'! v/ere hincricuns
U-S6
ans*.7ors :-.Tiich './(^ro the bent ^'^rocT t!-;- t
n ole-. s^.iitlv sororiso .. ^o -xoar 'ohe c- .m* "ind lorecise
•!• !••' t •' L«'' "^ "*
J.U ..i::i .'.e-.ru zz'±rr±iv- oo r>':;cj i.
O 4. s^ •-> Ut u. w t> U Jl
^:>
QAuriior.iX.^ry projioooioiiui uoacuiag
cx . iso Lo"/i33 1!. Fop^jelb-'ura. '± ,h a :i:^jtjrl;' underst niin, oT the pupils v/vn* of
ohinkin::, uhe tuls^itsd t:';chur not onl-- could dri/./ :'.:;3\ver ai't^r :j.nGv,3r, but ^ilso
koop their interest in the cb^octs -"liort. It \:-^3 easy to observe; ho:; tl\e little
:Tirls ••:id bo^^s v/aro tr-'irr' !>o s-itlGr-- thoir oe.-orad teacher.
I A 1 b
I B 3 b
III A
IV
Illinois Staats Zeitiing^ Oct. 12,
GERMJIN
Editorial. THE DETSRIORATIOH OF THE GER15AN SCHOOL INSTRUCTION.
It sounds unbelievable, but it is true. In spite of the external pressure
exerted by the reawakened German race conscience \7hich will induce every
German mother to attempt to inculcate into their children the love for German
sounds, and with it the desire for German school instruction. This attempt
was not successful and although fourteen more schools were won for German
instruction, the number of pupils has decreased. Mr. Martin Schmidthofer,
this indefatigable superintendent of the ^rorman school instruction, prepared
a clear compilation of German school attendance during the last four semesters,
and has submitted same to us. According to this statement, 17,994 children
partook in Febritfiry 1915, 18,732 in September of the same year, and 20,776 in
February of this year in German instruction. At the beginning of this semes'*
ter,in spite of the opening of fourteen more schools, only 20,470 children
reported for German instruction. In his touching optimism, Mr. Schmidthofer
attributes this retrogression more to the illness of the children than to the
lack of enthusiasm for the German cause. We are not in a position to share
this optimism, the less because children's illness in Chicago happily did not
-2- GERMAN
5 m.
Illinois StaaJB Zeitimgt Oct* 12, 1916 •
occur in such a large measure, as to influence the school instruction, and be-
cause the general attendance has not suffered such detrimental influence. More
easily can we assume, that the children did not get special encouragement to
participate in the German instruction in schools. This lack of encouragement
in the school should be balanced through stimulation in the parental home*
And only if the latter does not happen, occurs the lessening of school attend-
ance and for this only the German parents and they alone must be held respons-
ible* V/e have repeatedly pointed out in this place, that the acquisition of
the German language is indispensable to the children not only for sentimental
reasons. To penetrate into the German character, makes the growing youth
more thorough, and therefore more vital* It helps him overcome many obstaisles,
upon which the Anglo-American bruised himself* German parents should appreciate
this, and act accordingly* But not the whip of the newspapers, birt their own
conviction and an inner feeling ought to awaken them to that perception*
I A 1 b
I G
I C
GaiQ.lA^T
Abendpost. Feb. 9, 1916. Vj"'^"<^j
GERLIAN IN OUR POBLIC SCHOOLS
(Editorial)
The admonition to all parents to register their children in the
German classes of our public schools, brought gratifying results •
As soon as we receive definite reports about the general enrollment,
we shall publish all details and statistics on the subject. We hope
to shoiv a substantial increase. By rights, our Chicago Gerrtianism should
bring about the inclusion of German in all our public schools. So far,
about one half of our institutions of learning have adopted the subject*
Ther^ are enough Germans attending to justify teaching it universally
I A 1 b - 2 - 03RMAU
I G
I C Abendpost . Feb. 9, 1916, " "^\
\ o
m
but it depends on the parents v/ho should consider it their duty to
reach this goal.
It is a well-known fact that the attitudes of many principals and
teachers are hostile and that they do all within their power to
create difficulties. The Abendpon-t has received numerous complaints
about teachers v/ho dissuade the pupils, and in some cases even
intimidate them, whereupon the parents, fearing reprisals, refrain
from pressing their legal rights* The majority of the teaching
personnel, however, is not opposed to it# That they Bhow no particular
interest in it, is attributable to indifference rather than animosity,
mU
1)
.,_■ <oy
v...^
I A 1 b - 3 - GSRLIAN
I G
I C Abendpost ^ Feb. 9, 1916*
but this will disappear v/hen the superintendents and teachers note v ; < /
the growing interest of the younger generation. This experience has ^' ^^'''
come to light in several schools. Constant, active cooperation,
personal visits to the principals and teachers, prompt inquiries
if the questionnaire fails to arrive at the bi-annual period, will
do much to arouse the lagging interest.
However, when parents discover an open or clandestine hostility
t077^rds the subject, or its inclusion in a certain school, it is then
advisable to bring it to the attention of the school board who v/ill
remind such anti-German pedagogues about their foremost duties to the
I A 1 b - 4 - QE"i:MMT
I G
I C Abendpost , Feb. 9, 1916.
-• ".-
■*...^'^
; — ^ f A ^ ;
jfc ■ • ' -' • • . \ $
taxpayers. Only a few days ago, such a case came to O'or attention. \i^^ "^
The principal, a wo^an promptly built barriers when an application
to teach German was presented. The request was then submitted to
the school board. The first day the announcement was posted, more
than one hundred students wished to learn German, ^gardless of the
principalis preliminary objections, German instruction has now found
a place in her school*
Last year, 126 public schools taught German. In these schools, four
had more than. 400 students each in the German classes; eight over
300; nineteen, from 200 to 300; forty-nine, from 100 to 200; and
others, from 50 to 100# The number of schools teaching German can
I A 1 b - 5 - GERMAN
I G
I C Abendpost, Feb. 9, 1916*
be greatly increased if our Gemanity is energetic* This casual
indifference is by no means restricted to the teaching profession,
it is quite obvious, unfortunately, in many Geiman families who possess
a languid attitude that is inclined to erade all disagreeableness#
Persons such as these have relinquished the German spirit* Gennanism
now faces one half of the world in v;ar, and the German-Americans here
owe it to their brethren abroad to defend themselves against dissenters,
just as their compatriots are holding their own accross the sea*
In Europe our countrymen are fighting with deathly v/eapons to maintain
Gennanism, while we have been spared from such an ordeal* Therefore, it
is our duty here at the outposts to disseminate German ideals, morals, and
customs, and above all to defend our language*
I A 1 b a:;::H:.iAiT
I B 3 b
III A
Abend post ^ Jan. 29, 191G.
/^Ij] l . uHT^jrc:: of a:jH::_^
l_ IJote: A para.^raph in lar:;;e t:.''po a:^.pears on the bottori of paf^e 7,
acbionisliing parents to let taeir children study the Crer:.:':.n language.
/•Jiother i>aragraph on the ^jr\.^. subject is iiublishsd on pa.'^e 9. IIo
caption is used. Jransl^^
ITiose Gorr.ans riothers --.^y f at .ers -..-ho per.nit fiieir children to study
the 0-er;::-in lan::uap;e '^\^ill n.-^ver faco t'ri3 d.iy v/hen their "rovjing sons
and daughters v:ill be ^;;arted fro:: the:;:, becaus--^ tlie riotjior ton::ue forges
a closer alliance. Cur public schools v;ill te .ch G-erriin if t:erG are
enouf-h demands for it.
^invone \?lio can cr)ea]': Geman and i]n'*lish can travel throu-^hout tlie v:orld
and nalce hinself un- erntood. I 'any business-: ion demand that their employees
- \
I .\ 1 b
I B 3 b
III A
Ibendpost, Jan, 29, 1916«
}:no\7 G-ernian. Tlierefore, avail yourself of the opport mity and cillov;
your children .o learn f i3 G-errri-.n lan^U'^ce. It vdll be taur_:ht in our
public schools in the four hijhor Grades.
:m^)
y
I A 1 b
I B 3 b ''*^^^^'' Gsm:Ai:
III A
III F Illinois Staats-Zeitung, Jan. 27, 1916.
VT
THE 3:ncCL AND C/JRI.lAl^ PAHI::CTS
A letter fron Hart in Schulhofer, superintendent of the German division of the ^
Chicar^o school system, to the Geman nev/spapers in regard zo the question as ^
to 'Thether instruction in the Gerraan language shall be continued or not ^tates p
that the ans^//eiv^ rests largely upon the opinion of German parents. -^
The fact that German parents are being questioned as to their opinion toward
the preservation of their mother tongue reflects a strong sentiment as to their
guilt and of the contempt with which they are meeting in this country.
That a brave school official has to beg German nev/spapers to remind German
parents of their duties tov;ard their children, so that they shall receive in-
struction in the Ger:;ian langioiige free of charge, speaks voluraes against these
parents.
If these German parents v;ere not only German by birth but also in character,
o
CO
' — J
t
- 2 - ^<L^ ^ (SHMiiJ^
Illinois Staats-Zeitung, Jan. 27, 1916,
they v/ould force the school administration to give to their children an op-
portunity "CO learn the German language; instead of this the so-called German
parents have zo be begged for permission that their children shall be allov/ed
to attend classes in v/hich Gen.ian is taught v;ithout any charge.
-a
Yet these same German parents are indignant at the hostility v;hich they are -o
encountering, and in defense appeal to the heroism and the cultural accomplish- o
ments of the German pioneers in /inierica. But they forget to accuse themselves '^
of being responsible that these great achievements have fallen into oblivion, S
and thit the German in America is considered an outlav/. ^
Tliere reallv is no reason v/hy the Aiierican iDecnle should renenbor or respect
these deeds of German pioneers if they are unlcnovm even to the children of
German parents, and if Gentian mothers do not consider it worth ^'/hile to have
their children educated in tlie Gerr.ian spirit.
Tliat in the first ser.ester of the school year eighteen thousand children
y-
\
1
3 - X'^ ^,>' (2:h.:.\i^i
Illinois Stafits-zjeitung, Jan. 27, 1916.
received instruction in German, and that tivelve thousand of these children
did not belong to German parents is more Lhan a deplorable discrace; it is -6
a crime. ^
It is not a crine, to be sure, a^^ainst the Gemian spirit, v/hich will never be
stifled even vAien Gemian v/omen and German men of Chicago surrender the Gennan g
lancuase, but a crime agriinst their ovoi children because they withhold the
German language from then and -chereby rob them of the opportunity to enrich
their souls v.lth the i^roasures of German knowledge.
Those v;ho are apprehensive about the German cause should rerard anti-German
i\r.iericanism as their archenemy, but these German men and women through their
contempt for the German language and their neglicence of it are robbing the
GeiTJian cause of an important help and thereby are breeding contempt for it.
-TP
CO
— J
cr
GERMAN
I A 1 b
III A
I^ minois Staats Zeitung. June 17, 1915#
GilfiMAN INSTRUCTION IN CHICAGO.
Mr* Martin Sehmidhofer, the eminent pedagogue and superintendent of its
German schools in Chicago, supplied valuable and interesting statistical
facts referring to the participation of German instruction in the Chicago
schools •
We leeum that the number of children who are attending German schools
are steadily increasing every year. In the year 1912, in 53 schools there
were 7t8o6 childreni in 1913, in 83 schools, 13,507; in 1914, in I03
schools, 17,001; and in 1915f in 112 schools, 18,140 children*
The increase of the number of children studying German is very gratifying,
yet the statisticad data of Mr* Schmidhofer form an injurious reflection
upon the Germans*
- 2 - aERHAN
Illinois Staats Zeitxmg^ June 17> 1915 •
Even if all the 18^140 children studying German were of German descent ^
in proportion to the large German population of Chicago^ it nevertheless
is a disgraceful trifling number; we see that even this number of German
children form only a small percent age •
While 11^557 children of non-German parents are participating in German
instructions 9 only 6,603 children of German parents heair German sounds
in schools •
The German parents, who, without sacrifice can afford to have their
children take German instruction, but are unwilling to do so, not only
commit a crime against their children, but are also imfair to the German
cause •
We have to thank such Germans for the prejudice and hate with which we
are surroimded*
- 3 - GERMAN
Illinois Staats Zeitung> June 17, 1915*
The courageous fight of the individual for German truth, can be of no
avail when German parents refuse to have their children grow up as future
representatives of the German cause*
With love and understanding only such person can represent the German
cause who masters the German language, and through mastery of the same,
can penetrate into the German cause*
We shall hope that in the next school year, all German children will
attend German instructions, taught by excellent and efficient teachers*
The future of Germanism in America depends on our children; every mother
who neglects to send her child to a German school helps to doom Ger-
manism in America^
w _
I A 1 b
III B 2
I G Abendpost. IJay 4, 1915*
I C
•TLST 'm HAVE IT''
^ditoriaj/
A Reminder by the German-American National Bund
In the ?^y issue of the ''Reports of the German-American National Bund**^
the following reminder appears, asking for energetic propaganda by the
state and local chapters of the Bund for the introduction of German in-
struction in the schools:
**0n the occasion of ^Schoolmen's V/eek*, \idiich took place in Houston Hall
of the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia, Dr. W. A. Haussmann of
Central High School spoke on the German language. He declared German to
be the finest of all modem Isinguages, and put it on a par with Greek and
Latin for its usefulness in philosophy, science, and technical arts."
GSRMAllC---''
I A 1 b - 2 - GjHMAN
III B 2
I G Abendpost, Hay 4, 1915 •.
I C
It is gratifyi^ag to laam that in thass tLiies, when even Anorican
school bigwigs and university professors indulge in Herman-baiting with such
brazen shamelessness, Professor Ilaussmann had the courage to emphasize the
beauty and the importance of the Gennan language at a gathering of his
colleagues and superiors^ By this act, he has laerited the respect of all
German-Americans, who love, cherish, and cultivate their native tongue.
Of course, much more could be done in this respect. There could be many
more homes in America subscribing to the proud motto "German spoken here."
The agitation for the introduction of German instruction in public schools,
so successfully begun by the German-American National Bund and its school
committee, has unfortunately been relegated to the background by the new
and tremendous job, which the German element in the United States had to
cope with on account of the war and the /anti-German/ incitation of the
American masses by the British-controlled press. And yet we think that
right now, even granting that the chances for a successful agitation are
not so good at present, a forceful support of the demand for German lanpiuage
instruction in elementary schools would be cOiniraendable and desirable, if
I
A
1
b
III
B
2
I
G
I
C
- 3 - GEIiMAN
Abendpost, May 4, 1915.
only for the moral effect •
He who lacks the courage to attain anything for himself and to make de-
mands will never get any place in life. If you want to sit back and
modestly wait until other people give you what you desire, you can grow as
old as Methuselah without coming any nearer to the realization of your dreams •
Particularly in American public affairs, one must make demands if one wants
to get something. If it is made clear to our dear politicians that the de-
mand for the introduction of German in public schools and its advancement
to an obligatory subject in the hi^ schools is widely supported by all
citizens of German descent, whose ranks would surely be augmented by our
Irish friends and many unprejudiced native-bom Americans, these politicians
would certainly take notice and at least be willing to compromise*
I A 1 b - 4 - G3RMAN
III B 2
I G Abendpo3t> I4ay 4, 1915.
I C
Right now we must make up our minds again to do something for
our native tongue, for its preservation and propagation* V/e must forge
the iron vdiile it is hot, and never were conditions for a coaicerted action
by all citizens than they are at present. The patriotic /German/ meetings
held during the last few months demonstrate that*
All that is necessary is a strong appeal, and the CJerman elaiient will not
fail. There they are, making sacrifices, proving that they are ready to
promote German causes with all means at their command. Enthusiasm cannot
fae worked up with halfhearted measures and a lukewarm attitude. Neither
can masses be aroused that way. There must be genuine and true enthusiasm
in German hearts that will carry them away.
Goethe once said, ••Enthusiasm is not like pickled herring, that'll keep for
years. ^ It would be good to remember that saying when it comes to making
propaganda for the introduction of German language instruction in the public
schools.
■ ' _ '"
. 5 . GaRJAN^" ^
Abendpost, May 4, 1915 •
*»Let •am have it" is the battle cry of our brothers over there
in the old country. And ♦♦Let •em have it" should also be the motto of all
German-Americans, who would like to do propaganda work for the preservation and
propagation of their native tongue. Keeping this in mind, we welcome the manly
words spoken by Professor Haussmann with sincere satisfaction. May they serve
as a new incentive for our agitation for the introduction of German language
lessons as a standard subject in our elementary schools and for the ertension
of the curriculum in our high schools as far as German instruction is concerned.
I A 1 b GSRTvIAK
II B 2 g
III B 2 Illinois Staats Zeitung, April 8, 1915.
GERI/JIN INSTRUCTION
MARTIN SCHMIDKOFEH SPEAKS BlilFORS THE IMDEPEi;DE>rr
oer:.ian amehicait ?.'OiVJi:n»s club
Mr. Schmidhofer, ^ave v^^ry in^eresting information atout the condition of
German teaching in Chicago's schools, before the " rerman American Women's
Club*" According to his report, the participation of children in the
instruction of German has gratifyingly increased. The beginning of
this instruction was st-rted in 1871. Later, however, the instructions,
owing to the pressure brought '^o^ the superintendent of that time, were
more and more neglected, so that only in fifty schools, to about 6,000
children was German taught. Today, however, the nimber of schools,
in which German classes are maintained rose to 112, with 18,000
children attending, and these are not only children of German parents,
but mostly English- Americans. For instance, in the Stewart School
on Broadway and Wilson Avenue, there is not one German child among
the pupils. Mr. Schmidhofer praises Mrs. (Dr.) Young, that the teaching
of German, is close to her heart, and that there is horie that it will be
introduced in all schools. The ladies received Mr. Sciimidhofer't report,
with great applause.
I A 1 b Q3RKAN
I C
Abendpost , Sept. 21, 1911.
v;iTH GoimnEL forces— mohe no;; niiai z^JSi
(Editorial)
The tail attempts to wag the dogl The entire teaching staff of the
Public Schools of Chicago is making a vigorous attempt to run the
schools after its own fashion, and in the manner which best suits the
underlying purpose, contrary to the plan of instruction devised by the
Board of Education and the School Board. This may, however, not signify
their attitude toward other studies included in the teaching plan,
but it has been proven in the case of one of the important educational
subjects; namely, the study of the German language. According to the
advice from the Board of Education, a list of queries should have been
issued to every pupil of Elementary Schools pertaining to the instruc-
tion of German in Public Schools. Howevef, authentic information has
reached us according to which this request has been disregarded in a
number of schools up to Tuesday September 19. The Board of Education
has issued an advice to principals and teachers to refrain from an attempt
I A 1 b - 2 - QEHMAN
I C
Abendpost^ Sept. 21, 1911.
of influencing either in favor of the Geman instruction, or other-
wise* Although this is one of the general rules, krs. Young, the
Superintendent of Schools, has put a special emphasis upon it last
year, repeating the warning this year too« But it is still not done#
Moreover, the fact has been revealed that principals, co-operating with
the teachers, are discouraging the study of German by means of threats
of demoting those students to a lower grade who express the wish to
study German. What does this mean? What is it all about? Our willing-
ness to become reconciled to the lamentable few exceptions is out of
question, because offenses committed are much too niimerous to be over-
looked. Here is an illustration of their audacity. In three schools
located in districts largely populated by the German element, teachers ^_
have resorted to methods of intimidation, regardless of the population ,^"\ ^^n
constituting the district. 16 it not then that exceptions have become /:;
the rule? Teachers in corpora, are opposed to German instruction, and \\
are agitating against it, contrary to the advice of the Board of Educa-
tion, availing themselves of the method of persuasion, intimidation, and
various other infamous means, in expectation of the final achievement
of their aim. Theirs* is a shameless conduct since they are disregard-
ing the decision of the Board of Education.
o
^^^-^
I A 1 b - 3 - GERMAN
I C
Abendpost , Sept. 21, 1911#
It is almost incomprehensible that this condition actually exists.
Is the Board of Educ it ion honestly attempting to enforce the sub-
ordination of teachers in the matter of the German language? This
question is undoubtedly in the mind of many persons. If the Board
of Education would not be willing to sanction this misdemeanor, ways
would be found, in the opinion of those who doubt the endeavor, to
discipline the offenders and restore normal conditions by ending the
disgraceful agitation. Righteously, however, none is justified to
draw this conclusion, at least, not yet. ihe problems of the Board
of Education are manifold,, especially during the first weeks of a new
school year. The numerous schools and large army of teachers require
frequent watching, and time may not have permitted to find out.
Consequently, correct the mistake. While it is the duty of the author-
ities to discipline teachers who agitate against the instruction of
the German language, it is just as much the duty of the individual
to report every case of insubordination to the proper authorities.
Thus, we can assist in the maintenance ajid enforcement of strict
rules.... The tail attempts to wag the dog! /ifl nu»orous as this is 9
I A 1 b
I C
- 4 -
Abendpost, Sept. 21, 1911.
GERMAN
it is too serious to evoke laughter. If the attempt of hostilities
against the Grerman language does not come to an end, it will most
likely develop into a successful movement by restricting the atten-
dance of German class 9S, This would not in any way add to the glory
of Chicago's citizens, especially the German element* Moreover,
reflection would be cast upon the Board of Education, and Chicago
would most assuredly become an object of ridicule* This pernicious
activity of the teachers against the German language must be stopped*
The public is requested, therefore, to report every offense against the
rules to the Board of Education, either to Mr. Huttmann, a member of
the School Board, or to the Abendpost ♦
The teacher's hostile activity must be interpreted as crediting the
Germans with an excess of good nature, or on the other hand, consider
them as sleepy heads, whose patience is not easily exhausted. Then
again, they feel justified to a certain extent to oppose the German
language in schools on the ground that with regard to their numerical
strength the Germans demand special political privileges, and want the
golden goose for themselves, by insisting upon the continuance of
^
o-
C-'
I A 1 b - 5 - GERMAN
I C
Abendpost , Sept. 21, 1911«
improvement in the study of Geiman in Public Schools. If this
assumption would be based upon the truth, the anti-German attitude
would be explainable. But there is not a particle of truth in this
belief 9 rather, the German instruction is persistently advocated
because of its educational merits, and because the knowledge of
Geiman offers greater opportunities to every individual. We consider
it, therefore, our sacred duty to acquaint the general public with
these facts. And because it is basically untrue, Germanism in
Chicago would be regarded as weak and meaningless if this newspaper would
not give its utmost support in the battle, which is now forced
upon us. And we will fight, unconditionally, to the end.
*
Attacking is not a specially cultivated virtue of the Germans, but they
are persistent lin. counter attacks. The more numerous the enemy, the
higher their fighting spirit: Now, more than ever.
In case of discovery that the tail receives secret support, our motto ^^^
must be: "Forward, in spite of them!" ".\ ^>\
1 b
JoericLnoct, j^e^t. 16, 1911.
.U-thoUi^/L no def init . i*i;:ures aro :i.s yet available, tlisrs are HGv^rtlie-
less corta'^n indict! :;:i5 t!i ..t t"i2 ^tt^nda .ce :f C^on.an classes during
tne '3res9i:t scliool y. -:.r ha ^-roatl"' incr3ar::^d. It ia 'nis to t\e nod-
ification of th^ r3 uir3--ent.' In con-:ction v:ith tho atteidance. :ass
Gortrud Ij. -"n/'lish, the District Suporinto .ide'^t and head of the G-eman
de;:La:'t e-t, v.en a ro..ched oy •. reporter of the .,b9v\dpost, informed
hi:^ th t ivhile the study of 3-er..:an haa not be a included in the
curriculuri of the iremvood School 1 .st :' ^ r, it has been added t;: the
plan of study for the present school y^ar, due to the fact th.t the
request of students for •3-eraan were mva3rous, .^ simil/.r step v:as
tahen in the ne\jly erected Ilozart Schooll., at North Ha:.ilin and IMiaboldt
.venues, Furthernor:, the request for G-ennan instruction at the
G-ladstone acho :1 v;as so ov:3rv.heli:inp that one nare Ger.aan instructor
had to be added to the t3achi:V' forc; of tho school. Proci^rin^; the
services of qualified Ger.a:- teachers, is one of the q;r3atost dif "icultie^^
according to !:iss Znrlish.
'<^--
^%n-'^h
I A 1 b
I C
Abendpost. Sept. 13, 1911.
GERIIMJ
THE CxERIvlAIT LAl\"aUAG3 IN SCHOOLS ( - V; P f^ c |
(Sditorial)
^^
VJhat is the fate of the German language in the public schools of
Chicago? Is there a chance for its continuance and improved teaching
management, or will it be further curtailed and finally doomed to dis-
missal altogether from the curriculum of public schools? The German
people of Chicago must decide that question for themselves. Inasmuch
as it is only their concern, the answer will depend entirely upon their
interest (or lack of it) in the subject in question.
The responsibility is therefore theirs. If the study of the German
language regains its former place in the plan of studies, thus giving
our youth the opportunity to learn the most important foreign language,
there is no doubt that they will cover themselves with glory. 0|i the
other hand, if they prove negligent in the fulfillment of their duty
to their own children and the youth of Chicago in general (and thus to
the city and the nation), they will justifiably accused of utter
I Alb - 2 - a31I.lJT /•• -\
*■■■■■■ ■ " ■ ' ' ■ ' / ;.! .V \
I C ^y ... ,^. iS
Ab3r:dpost> ::ept. 15, 1911. \-J''''^'^J
X
IacV of intere:^t, of not availinj t-.er;isolves of tae o;.^ort-j-nit3^ that
now knoclrs at tlioir ' oor.
If tlio iriivtruction ol: G3r...an is siiclucied fron tiio ^ronr^i of t^io public
school studies, i-* rill de.l a terrible biov/ to tho edueutijnal system
of Chic.-£^o. vrnen they .resent their de ar.ds, the Gerinan oeople must
not convey the idea th.tt they are ashinr: for the ['rautinc of a special
privilera^lTor uust they in any v;ay oKiphasize t:i-:rir G-enian ancestry.
Hov^'ovor, ^s citi:^ons and p^.rents 'moiving ths value of the Gerrian
1 :jri.?uage educ -ti-vnally -Jid cultur.:;.l".y, they must insist upon their de-
iiiands. Thus, not only chil ren of Creri-ian parentage vjill be ^iven the
opportunity of Is^rnin^ that import -.nt forei^-- lan,^:u-.se, but also the
:'outh of C):iica30 in {^3n3ral. iiov;ever, no other ^rou;"> v;as ev^r better
eouipped to prooont it.^ do. ^nnds thai the G-ornans are in this in:^:tance.
Cf course, they,- ..bove all other r.rou s, native-or foreign, are e::pocted
to realise the value of their lancuage. -J5 a conseruence, disinterested-
ness on their part v;ould natural.y indie _'te indi/'ference to the inclusion
of t:ie 3tud3' of G-er::.an in the curricu.lui: of the .ublic sch:)-.ls of Chicago
oiid vjould pive, they felt the i:..presf^ion th-.t it vjas ainless as 7:ell as
useless.
t
1 b
I C
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Abendpost, Sept. 13, 1911
GSniiitT
It is the sacred duty of every German to prevent that deplorable
occurrence. It must be prevented. That it can be done, there is
no doubt. Moreover, the study of that language must be considerably
improved in public schools. What we must do is to give expression to
our wishes and demands, now that the opportunity has presented itself.
Through the decision of the School Board, every student of the public
schools, attendinr: either the fifth, sixth, seventh, or eighth grade,
must obtain from his or her school principal a list of queries in
regard to the instruction of Gennan for submission to their respective
parents. To the question, ^Shall your child partake in the German
instruction?^ a unanimous "Yes" should be the reply, even in those
instances where the parents have ceased to cultivate that lan^juage
themselves
Furthermore, the Gerr.an population of our city must not think that it
did its duty to the fullest extent by just inserting the word "Yes**
into the space provided for it. It must do morel It must win over
fellow-citizens of other nationalities to their point of view. It is
I .. 1 b
I C
■■bo :cl "ost, 3e; t. 1-3, 1911,
o
'•J
]::.ov;ieci.--::i of Oarnan vjouid bo e^ ual' v
xs
ciii.e pl::.usibl thst tao
adv:-int;i£;eous to tholr chilciren, ,5 to t-io ch Idren of 3-9r:":an descent*
T J3
It ^ust be also borne i :. • :ind that t'lo study of thAt l-.n;:3u^^e vrouia
have a beaef Icial off:Jct upon trie study ol: the -:]nclish lan^;u ^e and
upon the educational system in general.
Teachers, on the contrary, do not r.hare this O'inion. In fact, they-
vjith only a fevi honorable exce tions-v;orhed to;:ot;ier l_ist 3''ear, to dis-
courapte children fron t hinr. that stud"f because, the'- ".r^yaed .the
students could not acv::,nce in other subjects -vith the rest of the class,
v:hich would ultimately leud to their doiiiotion to a lov-er ■:r^de. They
have even v;on over parents of many prospective asplr-nts to their point
of viev7. The same lov; tactics arrainst O-erricrj. instruction .re still
beinn eniployed by these educators. Hov.ever, we are confident thdt
their efforts v;ill not be cr.nvned b'^ success, as taey v;ere last year.
I.Ioreov:;r, teachers r;i LI have to tahe c :.re to av:)id a conflict V7ith
the School Board, or vlth the Sup ^rintende.-t of Schools, arisin^rr fron
1 b
- 5 -
I c
Abendpost , Sept. 13, 1911
a misdemea.nor of that t;^je. Tiieir cir^-^unents a^uinst the instruction
of G-ei^nan are not b.^sed u":»on the truth,. , and therefore, cannot enduro.
Their opposition to this subject is a n^ttsrof convQnienG3 as vjell
as ignorance, Mrs. You:i3, the 3uperintende::t of Schools, as v;ell as
S0:;:e of hor hi-^hlv princi'^lod assistants and tho School Board, are
v:ell- informed of this disgraceful f i rit a -.ainst education una thev do
not ap rove. Furth:3more, the ^^dninirtrative Body of Chic, go's Schools
is ^reo red to deal v.ath any teacher found .^^uiltv of the of Tenr^e of
agit?-ition a^'-inst the instruct on of Gen. an. This censure r.'ould be
justified (if for no other reason) on the basis that such af^itation
violates existin;: re^nil-tions.
Aft r all, neither the principals nor the teachers are e::ecutive
iier.ibers of the School Board; therefore, theirs is not the ::ov.'er to
nalcc decisions. Ao ill can cone fron that rourco v:hile their threats
are not beinr: ta:-:en seriously. But the as ect vrould chan.-^e considerably.'-
if G-err.ian p- rents would oeco.'.e intlAidate , /.nd vould yield to the
persuasion of the teacla.^rr, 7:hose rimary concern is their o-.vn co/:fort •
I a 1 b
I C
- 5 -
■.bond-ost, ospt. 13, 191"
^ -71 r-)- '
T
. i
In that instance, tha German la-i£:u ce as a subject in public schools,
would becone a sad Tnerior;; only. Tiie ri^-htful description of the Germans
^<*.j
s a fearless and faithful T^eople, vould go into oblivion also. If this
should bo the result of their disint::restedness , •.:: '^finis" uoulc be
affixed to Ger lanisn of o ;r city by its ovm peo^^le, Tliis must not and
will not happen. Hvery p-.re.':t of Genan descent iiust declare hiriself
decldedlv in fif^vor of Ger an instruction, Intliii .-.tions of vjhatsoever
nature the^'' nay be, should be brou^":t to tho attenti ;n of either the
.Ibendpost, or of a Ccrnan-speahinf^ menber of the School Board. Discre-
tion T7ill be used as to the identity of the conplainaat. . Only thus can
Tve reach the rruilty ^: rtles.
Co-or;'_;ration is t'lerefore of at- .ost in\>o:.*t-Lnce.
I A 1 "b GEBIX:
jgZCTPOST, SeDtember 30th, IQIO. ^^C^HB^mj
Instruction in Germ-n.
At the oe^innin^; of this School-se^ son the School-Board instnzcted all r>rin-
cipc.ls to send vn applicr.tion blenk to all Tonr'^nts, v/hose children attend any
of tne four uiDioer gr^ des in Public Schools, Thesft rr)t)lic?tion9, filled in and
returned were to indicate the number of those who wished to t^ke Bart in cL^sses
for the stu6.y of the Germ^-^n Lpnc^ir^ge,
Many of our readers lic^ve oaid attention to our appe:-d which we printed in the
"AbendTDOst" , nc.Tiely, to notify us if these instrjictions are not crrried out. We
will not mention the n.-^^ne fnad address of writers, but all cr,n be certain, th*at
their complaints will not remain unrieeded. ^7e have in'onned the School-board of
every report sent in and the natter will be invr-stigated in every sin^^le case.
I A 1 13 GEHLIAK
Abend^ost, September 3rd, I9IO. yi:p.; ^i^; v'f>r:^ 3Q27S
Instrur-tions in Oennan Language,
There will "be "better chances of instructions in "Gerinsji Language" in Du'blic
schools during this season. The Schools will open next Tuesday. We again call
attention to the fact that the school"board has taken steps to assure "better chances
for the study of German, than "before.
The principals of all elementary sc'nools have "been instructed to find out the
num"ber of children in the four uT)t)er grades, who wish to particinate, and the
questionaires have "been sent to their "oarents. It is pointed out in particular
that the study of German will "bp a regular subject for all those childreh prefer-
ring it, instead of "natural history" and "art" for whirh there is a total of 150
munites per week provided. The teachers have "been informed that instruction in
the German langungf shall serve the -mirDOse to use it in teaching. Therefore
something worthwhile should come out of it. Only 50 aT>T)li cations are nesessary,
instead of 75 as "before in ord^r to maintain and renew the course in the German
lang^aage in any of the T)u"blic schools. It seems certain that this should "be
comparatively easy to attain.
I kit GBBMAM
A-bendP08t. July lUth, I9IO. ^' '' ''^ ' ■ ' " '" "^•''
4
The ••G-erman*^ Letters.
Mrs. Ella Plagg Young, the Superintendent of the Public Schools is planning
to make definite changes regarding the instruction of •^Gennan." She will
recommend in her next yearly reDort to sulDstitute the Roman characters for the
"German" in writing and in t)rint.
She asserts that the "German" characters cause a greater strain on the eyes
and that children who must learn to write hoth the "Roman" and "German" characters
usually are defective in both. Mrs. Young expects to discuss this matter with
eminent "Germans" in the city before she proceeds with the recommendation*
Cj^ ^y^\
r, ^ "OS
I A 1 l3
II B 2 d (1)
Die AlDendr)-st, U&y 19th, I9IO.
German Instruction
Schoolboord Facilitates Its Introduction In The Public Schools.
Yesterday, during; the meeting^ o"^ the School Bof3rd new rules were put Into ef-^ect,
which are iriT)ortant to G<^rnans. German instruction is now easier obtained than it
was during the period w.^en Superintendent Cooley held office. Heretofore it was
necessary to nave 75 applicants in a school, in ord^r to obtain German instructions,
now only 50 s-re required. If ^0 £pr)lic?tions are signed, then the Gei-man language
must "be taught. Primarily, we are indebted to Mrs. Ella Flagg Ypung for this inno-
vation. Commissioner Greifenhsgen called school-Superintendent Mrs. Young's attention
to the conditions which iT^TDosed restrictions on th« teaching of Gr.rman. Recently the
Abendr>ost called attention to the case at the Wicker Park School ^nhere a large number
or pupils of Gorman narentage were de-orived of German instruction, because of such
stringent conditions tiiat a cnange was necessary. Tnis promioted Comnissioner Greif-
enhagen to submit the facts to Su-o<=^rintendf^nt Mrs. Young who also interested Com-
missioner Stein in the matter; he also favored the new regulation. German may be com-
menced in the 5'th grrjde an^^i continued thereafter in the Elementary Scho-:ls.
I A I t
GSHI/IM
I F 4 Abendpost, OctoTjer 17, 1909 y, , . . ...^ ^
I c
The German Lessons In Schools
The loss of the German lanp^a.^e in the open schools of Chicago has "been reported
by the Ahendpost on various occasions, and it is the "business of the Gernans in
Chicago to find a way to improve the same# To maintain German ''/ays, German
culture and German influence, in the development of the history of our new
country, we must preserve the German language for ourselves and our descendants.
With the loss of the German lan^iuage goes the power of Germanism in this country*
If the hest results should he attained, domestic education must cooperate with
school education* According to the Illinois law, (Berman lessons in schools
must be taught if a certain num.ber of parents demand it. This law certainly
seems to be much in favor of the system, and even an anti-German school board
cannot suppress the teaching of the German Isjiguage.
This law, however, does not fit our modern conditions. From Great Britain and
Germany came the m.ajority of immigrants. Other nn.tionalitieB were in a great
minority. The German element was the only large foreign elem.ent in this country.
Conditions have greatly changed, as statistics of the present immigration proves*
Poles, Bohemians, Russians, Hungarians, Italians, counted by the hundred
thous.ands, are a political power and in many instances opposed to the Germa:is*
I A I b
I F 4
•I C
GEH!.!AN
Abend-0 3t, October 17, iC09 .i
They demand equal right in the teaching of their language if German is ta^ught.
The native-horn take excellent advntage of this situation. Six years ago
30,000 pupils participated in the German lessons, whilst in the last ye^r there
were 6,827 students of German registered. This is a serious relapse. Many
superintendents of schools are averse to the teaching of foreign languages,
as they teaching of foreign languages, as they themselves speak only one
language and have no understanding and love for others. If they have a chance
to work against them, they will do so. One superintendent, instead of distrib-
uting the official questionnaire for the parents, just g.sked pupils If they
wished to take part in the German lessons, mentioning that they would have to
work harder though their work would not rate them higher in total achievements.
Naturally only fifty-six pupils applied in the entire school, which number was
insufficient according to the rules.
The Chicago German element must help themselves and give the problem more serious
consideration. The parents of the children of German descent should demand^he
participation of their children in German lessons. The German citizens should
place the power of tieir votes on this important cause, Tlie German population
I A I 1)
,1 F 4
-I C
-3- GSmiAJ?
Abendpost, October 17, 1909 V^^ ''' '■-'' - " -
is justified in this dernand. The Crerman languas^ is one of the greatest
cultural lan^ages and it has a great educational value. One of the greatest
sponsors has been our unforgettable Earl Schurz.
I ■\ 1 b
III B 2 .
Abendoost, Oct. 14, 1909.
g}%ri::an lii^uagt im schools.
During the monthly rneetinf. yesterdny of the officials of the Geririan-American
i^ational Alliaiice a resolution \Tas unanimously accepted, to urr:e immediately the
promotion and furtherance of instructions in the Gerr::an language in Chicago's
public schools. The board of education, and the directors of the school board
are favorably inclinad toward this matter. Great efforts v;iil now be made to
prove the gre-^t advantage of knowing the German Ian. uage not only to the
German families, but also zo the Anglo-Americans and others. A systematic
plan of operation is being prepa.red.
I A 1 1)
GEmiAU
A'bendDOst, SeDtem'ber b, 1909. '
GEmiMS IMPORTAi^T AT SCHOOLS
The Abend-post > has re'^eived a copy of the rules of the schoolboard, with
reference to tiie G-erman language in schools. The study of the G-erman language
can "be introduced at any elementary school ur)on the written request of
seventy-five iDarents, or guardinns, of children attending the school* No
German class shall he organized with less thr^n twenty-five T)upils, except in
the 7th and 8th grades, wh re twenty -ouTDils will he acreT)ted in the fall and
fifteen in the Spring. Tne study of German may start in the 5t^ grade.
Pupils can ,1'^in on^ of the upper classes only if they are far enough advanced
to T)articit)atQ . The German lessons shall he dispensed with if there are
less tnan fifteen German students in any of the classes. The students can
he distributed among other classes and can also be given t)ermission to
participate in classes in German held at the nearest school. Notices should
be sent to all parents and guardians informing them that German lessons will
be given in the 5th grade ancl other rules on the subject. This is the
first time that the German Press has recieved a cony of the school regulations
at the commencement of the school year and we think that this is due to the
activity of a member of the schoolboard, Mr. 0. F. Grupnhagen, \'^o has shown
a very lively interest in the teaching of the Gprman Ipngu-'^ge in the schools*
I A 1 Id GEEI/AU
. - " ATjendoost, August 1, 1909
WPA(!LUPROi.302?i
GSRIAIT LESSOITS
Mrs. Ella Flagg Young, the nev;ly appointed female su;oerintendent of the
local schools, came yesterday to the offices of the School Board, to make
preparations for taking over the management of the schools on the folloiving
day. The lessons in German, which heretofore have heen treated very
partially, will find in Mrs, Young, (so she declared to a reporter of the
Abendr>oet) a sympathetic friend; hor;ever, no hope should be raised that
it will find greater considera.tion.
An increase of the hours of the German lessons, and expansion of same in
more clas^^es, Cc-^jinot he counted upon. Experiments were made several years
ago to extend the German lessons to the third and fourth grades, hut it has
turned out to he too costly. The same still holds good today. She declared
however, that she would not sup^^ort a limitation of German instruction in
the school. Of course the last v/ord always rests with the School Board,
though the recommendations of the suDerintendent in m.ost cases will turn
I A 1 T3 -3- GERKAH
Abendpost. August 1, 1909 V«'FA (ILL) PROJ. 30275
the scale. The German element of Chica^TO, r/hich according to the
statistical reports, is equal to the Snglisli one, has nothin;^ to fear from
Mrs* Yoiing in re£;;ard to G-ermaji lessons •
I A 1 b
in H
0 ^
Abendpost^ Hay 14, 1908 •
D?l. GO^:]L TO ILLINOIS.
Dr. Julius Goebel, former reader ?^t the Harvard Gerinanic museur.i, •'■/as eddied to
the chair of Gerr.inn az the Illinois university, as successor to the lately
deceased Dr. Karstens. The appointment v/ill ''-o inoo effect on oeptenoer 1st.
Dr. Goebel wr.s active for 13 "/ears as a reader at the Leland otanford university
and left this institution after having, had some differences of opinion with
President Jordan. Dr
Doctor of Philosophy at tlie university of Tubingen.
Goebel nails from i'Yunkfurt, and acquired the degree of
I A I t GERMAK
I C Abendpost, August 26, 1907
Acknowledgement WPA (JLL) FRQj 3^275
(Editorial)
Under the heading "A Neglected Heritage" the "Chicago Trib\me", yesterday
(S\inday), printed an article in ifhich every German-American, or any immigrant
possessing a foreign tongue, but, especially, the "Tribune", and its "cohorts"
as well as the city School Board, should be interested* The editorial calls
attention to the German Kaiser seeking to further a study of the English
language, in every possible manner, and that the business circles of Germany
fully appreciate the great usefixlness of many languages, especially English,
and act accordingly, and that consequently the study of English is xnirsued
with great zeal« Indeed, not as an intellectual objective, maybe, but for
a more practical purpose meant to endow the new generation against economic
competition. Great Britain and the United States do not indicate that they
estimate the worth of the knowledge of foreign languages in the business
world.
With this introduction the paper comes to the main issue stating: "The
United States has a partictilar advantage in not being utilized. In this
-2-
GEHMAM
Abendpost, August 26, 1907
VvrA(ILL)PROjJ0275
In this country are thousands of children whose psurents are in command of a
foreign language* In the public school the children learn only English, hut
are incompetent to express themselves fluently in their parent's language,
or able to correspond properly in the same* All business organizations
aiming for the expansion of American trade relations, should therefore,
develop a corps of clerical help, capable of corresponding in two languages*
Many foreign speaking nationalities are represented here, and one of the
most valuable assets they have brought from their fatherland is negligently
discarded. " •
This shortsightedness has found support in the American press, and» alas,
approval by the superintendents of Chicaigo Schools, and thus it happened
that the instruction of German in the Chicago Schools took a backward
step in the last few years. While at the same time it grew in importance;
this being gradually and generally recogni24d* What a confession from a
bright intellect!
. . ^l . . .
•
"rf^V
•• ^
*•*..,
. . <_ SIRMIH - ,
. Ahendpos t . Jaxmary 20, 1907. /
-™r™.o ^^«™ttt «««^x,«T^^^« WPA (ILL) PRO? 3027^
•HEIHE^S YOUTHFUL SUPFERINGS" ^ «-/ ' »vf..ou^/.T
Students of the Oeroan department of the •Northwestern Univetsity* per-
formed last night in the County Cluh Building at Eranston "before a large
audience the draxnmi "Helnes Youthful Sufferings" hy Dr. A. Hetz in the
German language with excellent success* The xmhlie followed the performance r ;
with the greatest interest and the perforznance of the actors and rewatrded
them with much applause#
• ■,,'' > ■ , » • ■ -■ . - . -^ .
The performance gare ample proof of the activity and capability of the
students and their able department chief, Prof« James H. Taft. During the
intervals entertaining performances \rere given by Mrs. Minnie Tishi^riffin,
by Heinischer, by Rob* Trans, etc*
' '- ■ . ■ . . ■ . . • ■. \'^ ; . ■> .
The remarkable progress made in the German language by the performing
students was very encouraging*
'?v-
/.
I A 1 b
III B2 t--:
]■■■'.:..
■ ■ * >rt
V r
i
.\t
-.y.
^^-.^
GEBIUH
4' Abendpost . Horeinber 18, I906.
>- ■..-»...-•■-. »
(Tox Popull)
■■•*
r >
./.<•
In tha NoTeml>er meeting of the Board of the National German-Ainerican Teachere
Seminary In Milwaukee It was noted with great satisfaction that the Chicago
Schwahen Vereln resolved to send $100*00 to this institution as a contrilmtlon*
The Seminary sees in the action of this Cluh a sign of recognition of its
work in the service of education in general and in the concern of the German
Americans In partittllar*
By this honoring of the institution the Club has also proved that In it lives - ;
the aptitude for the hi^er tasks, of the Germans, and that the Cluh is . • J;^
willing to prove it hy deeds, lAierever it is necessary, and therefore the
honest thanks of all friends of this educational institution is due to it*
-» ' ^ " ' . N
Respectfully,
Uax Grlehsch^
Director •
» - i- . " ■ ■ ■- .,
\'r-
^^ ^ _
f.
•;•<
•■'■S--
-. /
^-A ■•■•'.
j: '>» ■
uum
gigpimf
ABangQST, Septeaber 5th, 1905*
From The Schools.
WPA (ILLJ PROJ J0275
With the openlBge of the eehools after the Tacatlont ahout 250,000 children applied
for adniseion* Tarioae chans^e hare heen made in the educational plan* One of : r
the most inportant is the ezteaision of Oeman lessons* Also a new Germai graomar 0
has heen introduced, and the principle of teaching has heen altered#
•* 4
vr''
,w--
■/r
» ».•«<■
.■ /■
/)
,■•••■' "
'■K:.i
•• s
, 7„..i
Ki
I A I b
II A 2
Atendpost, April 27, 1904
6ESMAH
VVPA(ILL)?R0S.3Gr?S
GERMAK PROFESSOBSHIP
The well-knotm brewer. T. J. Dewes, President of the Standard Brewery, has
assigned to the Uniyerslty of Chicago $2000. as an annual contribution for the
creation of a German Professorship* The German Professorship shall be installed
similarly to the Russian Professorship and shall carry the name "Dewes
Professorship**.
r
I A 1 Id GSHIvlAN
Die Alpendpost, January 23, 1903
EDITORIAL: KEEP YOUR PROMISEl ^^^' ^'^'"'^ rR0J.302/S
GEElvlAN INSTRUCTION.
While the whole nation was revelling in "prosperity", to judge from all published
reports, our School Board had to contend vath a lamentable shortage of funds.
This scarcity of the wherewithal was so acute, that it was necessary, with the
profoimd regrets of Mr. Cooley of course, to limit and practically abolish
German in the public schools, so that the children have practically no
opportunity to learn this Ipjiguage in the free schools. The G-ermans protested
against the crippling of this branch but they are sensible, and consented, when
it had been "oroven to them, that there was no alternative and the promise was
given, that the German instruction program will be improved as soon as the
necessary money is forthcoming.
This neriod is now here. The money stringency has passed. For the 1903 school
f year considerably larger sums are available for educational purposes than have
been in the previous year. For educational use, exclusive of building costs etc.
$7,032,074 have been granted, and last year only $6,344,201. The Germans and
other friends of German instruction have been promised, that the subject will be
resumed when the means are found, but evidently no one thinks about keeping this
promise. One feels assured that the dumb "Dutch" will forget it soon, and Hr.
I A 1 b
—2—
Die Abendpost, January 23, 1903
WPA (ILL) PROi 30275
Cooley^s inf^eniouf? methods vdll eventually do axvay with it entirely^
Mr. Cooley devised an excellent scheme, .. .The children are advised not to bother
with it, and it appears it is the intention not to let them learn it. A
diminishing of German st)ealcin^- students is then a natural cause, and at the end of
the school year, it can be sliown that there is no demand for German instruction,
according to numericp.1 indications. For this great accompli ishnents, a salary
increase of i?3,000 is probably not too much. Tlie plaji might work well, exceot
for one thing: the Germans will not tolera.te the swindle which has been and
is connected with this nart of the csirriculum. "^hey will not accept it meekly,
nor will they forget the promise. Tliey vdll demand that it be kept, and if
necesso,ry, they know how to exert the riroper pressure to procure attention.
Even German patience has an end.
CEBMANl'^
I A 1 b
III F
ni A L. Tiereek, Zwei Jahiiiunderte Deutsehsn Unterrichts in den Vereinigten "^
I\r Staaten (Brunswick, 1903) p. 182.
CHICAGO
German was taught in Chicago at the Washington School before the year 1865 » Mr«
Lorenz Brentano who at the time was School Superintendent suggested it and through
his influence German became one of the languages which the School now offered* Ihe
first German instructor became Mrs. Pauline Reed, an extremely well educated young
woman. In the year 1866 Mrs* Reed was transferred to the Earolina McFee School. ^Qie
School already had an enrollment of 115 students. The experiment was a success and
the School Superintendent decided that German instructions should be offered as he
believed they were definitely a success. At the beginning it was euinounced that in
the near future in all Schools where 115 children or more are in attendance and
I>arents wish their children to take up the study of German, that such instructions
be made available. Throu^ this German was offered at once at four schools, the
Mosely, Franklin, Newberry, and Wells Schools. In the next few years came the Cot-
tage Grove, Kinzie, Carpenter, the LaSalle, the Skinner, Scammon and the Lincoln
Schools all of which offered German. At the end of the school years 1870-1871,
4297 students took up the study of the German Language. 1441 students in the secon-
dary grades; 2856 students in the primary grades.
V^-^ ^1
Page 2. (mtukv /\? ^A
^f ThroTsgh the big fire» the city of Chicago, was in smoke and in an awful conditio
Of course German instruction was ruined. After Chicago recovered from the shock it
was decided in the year 1873 ^y ^^® School Srtperintendent to appoint some one as
director to organize and prepare German lessons. The one selected was Miss Regina
Schauer. At the same time it was decided to have German prepared into certain courses.
Heretofore^ the teachers prepared and selected their own work in German*
Then in the year 1877 throtigh the influence of the well-known attorney Mr.M.CorkOt
Dr.G.A* Zimmermann became head of the German Department. At the time 1912 scholars
were taking German in 18 schools. Sixteen teachers were employed in the eighteen
schools. The interest in German instruction among the public at that time had died
away. The result was tremendous sensation.
In the year 1880 German was taught in twelve more schools and in three high schools.
The teaching personnel consisted of 28 persons and the scholars numbered 39S1. Four
years later 10,696 scholars received German lessons in U3 schools from 73 teachers.
When in the year I883 German was again taught in the third and fourth grades the num-
ber of scholars reached 29tHUO and number of teacher had reached lU3.
In the year I89O German was also taught in the suburbs in 26 schools. It was ne-
cessary to engage 207 teachers to teach 3U,801 scholars and Dr. Zimmermann received a
Paee 3*
rnont capable assistant by secnrlng the services of U.T.River. In the year IS92 and
1893 (^rman instruction had reached Its peak. Not less than UU^STO scholars and 2U2
teachers were working tinder the direction of Dr« Zlmmermann. Because of financial
conditions the School Board was compelled to decrease its personnel, so German was
taught only in the upper grades and this of course was a set back. Nearly one hund-
red teachers lost their positions and 20,000 scholars were unable to take German.
Howeyer the teachers all of them received positions as English instructors.
Since that time however, the number of teachers and scholars have again increased*
Since the last report U0,003 scholars asked for German instructions. From this amount
15,020 mire of German descent, 12,195 Anglo-American and 12,7SS belonged to different
nationalities. These instructions were given by 210 teachers so that each teacher had
190 students. In the High Schools 2U81 students took German, I3IO Trendh and 12 Span-
ish.
As far as Dr.Zlmmermann's report was concerned, the year ending 1S99 was a most
critical year as will be seen soon, as Just a big crisis had past for the School Board.
Even as early as the year I9OO the School Supt. was ordered to discontinue altogether
German InstDUctions due to financial conditions. One such propeeal which had even the
^it^Bi
HM
U. /^ A aSBMUS
ri
supi^rt of such an influential newspaper as the **Tiines Herald" » also agreed that Oer«>
man instructions should be discontinued* That is why in the year I9OO-I9OI, U2«000
students took German in the public schools and 30OO students took Oerman in the High
School* In the public schools 21^ teachers and 27 teachers in the High School* Since
then unfortunately there has been a steady decline. Mr.E.a.Colley, the present School
Supt. was asl^ed a direct question by the Author which Mr.Colley recently answered*
"Since you made your inquiry, the situation has changed somewhat* Since I902 the
special te€u:hers were ordered to superTise a classroom and to teach Oerman and other
courses and subjects* The Oerman teacher now teaches German in her own classrooms
but also teaches German in other classrooms in the same school* During the time the
German teacher teaches in another classroom her own room is being occupied by the
teacher whose room she is using and that teacher teaches another subject outside of
German and sometimes more than one subject* In this wcyrt you will note that the
cost is reduced which otherwise would exist through the German Instructions, as now
it isn't necessary any longer to engage special German teachers als^, these teachers
now receive only five dollars a month extra* In the High School there has been no
change, German is being taught there Just as before. By the end of February 16,269
students in the Elementary schools will have taken German* The rule for the Slemen-*
taxy Schools are, that at least 73 students have to ask for German Instructions be-
Page 3« GERMAN/-
o
•i-
2 m.
fore a German teacher will be engaged to start a class when there are at least 25
students present,"
As far as the letter of the Superintendent was concerned he hatd about 60 per
cent of the public schools offering German Instructions, But since something like
this has happened for the past ten years and afterwards slways turned out better
there is hope that this report will not be the worst one.
Through Dr,Zimmermann*s efforts he finally succeeded tn awakening the interest
of the public again. He made several chcmges in the methods. Discarded a four
hundred page book containing too many rules and replaced this one through a prac-
tical reader.
I A 1 b
geri«:an
Abendpost, Aov. 7, 1902,
WPA (ILL) PROJ J027&
NUI^iilRS SP5y.K.
How much German instruction in the Pu ;lic Schools was crippled by the hostile
regulations of lir. Cooley cm be seen by the school at'oendance list that was
published by the school board today. The number of the pupils learning Geriuan
is given as only 19,kJc54 compared with 33,199 of last year, a decrease of 13,915
v/hile the list shows a general increc.se in the nui-iber of pupils. In spite of
this increcse of school attendance the number of teachers received a reduction
of 455, 5385 instead of 5S40. At the hifrh schools occurred also a retrogression
of 86 students and the pupils of the normal school increased only by 7.
I A 1 b
II A 1 GBRMAK
Abendpost, August 27, 1902. V^rA (ILL) PftOi-30275
ONLY FORTY SIX OF ONE HUl^DRED
THE RESULT OF THE RE-EXAMINATION OF GERKAN TEACHERS
The result of the examination of the teachers of the Oerman language in the
Public Schools who were not yet in the possession of a teaching certificate
for regular instruction branches is now generally known* The number of
the aspirants was one hxindred. Of these forty-six passed and fifty-four
were rejected. 0:' the sixty-two members of the regular teaching staff
who applied for a certificate for instruction in the German language
thirty-one passed the examination*
The examination cojiiinission consisted of A. G. Lane, Alfred Kirk, Henry C.
Cox, S. C. Rossiter, C. D. Lowry, R. D. Hitch, J. Mc Carthy, W. C. Dodge,
Emma March, Lizzie Buckley, Agnes Heath and Emma Mann.
Examination subjects were:Music, Drawing, Natural History, Arithmetic,
History and English. Mr. Cooley will offer to the rejected teachers a
special course at the Municipal Teachers Seminary so they can prepare them-
selves for a regular engagement at the Public Schools.
i III I >
I A 1 1}
GEBMAH
n)endt)08t> July 25, 1902.
WPA (ILL.) PROj, 302/1
THE GEHMAN CLUB OF IHE UNIVERSITY OP CHICAGO
Like the Northwestern University in Evanston, the University of Chica^ has
also its Germai Cluh whose members speak German exclusively at the weekly
meetings and special festivities. They apply themselves to the study of German
literature, German scientific spirit and German social life. President of \
the Cluh is Uiss Henrietta Becker who is a teacher in the institution of Mr.
Harper and also has the title "Doctor.* Yesterday another sociahle evening
of the Club took place on which Mr. Wilhelm Tocke was a guest of honor and
held a lecture ahout "the German-American citizen."
'«-^-"
The e.oclahle part was preceded hy a "banquet in the Q^adrangle Cluh.
^ f • :
4 i'*"
p v-^*;'. "
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.'■V,
I A 1 "b
GiaSMAN
f^V
''■■i
Abendpos t , . fetraary IJ, 1902.
THE GERUAN IHSTHUCTION
WPA (ILL) PROJ. 30275
'.V-- ■■ .
■^^m^
Dr. 6. A. Zimmermaxin, the Superintendent of instruction in modern languages,
-^^ 7 reported to School Superintendent Cooley that 62 per cent of all pupils who x»art«
icipated in G-erman lessons were not of German origin. This proves that the . li
vr i statement, that only one class of the population benefits hy German instruction, .
;^ is not correct. _ . .^ ^
■^ ^ f
. f
» .V-
In the school yea^ I9OI German instruction was given in 232 schools, the total
number of pupils were lfl,932. Of these were 15,826 of Serman, 13,129 of English^
American and 12,977 ot other nationality...
In the High Schools 2726 pupils were registered.
I .
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I A 1 V
I A 1 a
f: ''V ■ »
(xEBMIS
>>..
Die AbendpoBt. SeT)teiaT>er l"^. iqoi. WPA (ILL) PROJ. 3027S
f
FREE TEXTBOOKS. THEY ABE TO BE DISTRIBUTED.
BBf FIGHT AGAINST TEACHING OP THE (SBEMAN LANGUAGE IS APPARENT. /
Although the schoolhooke have heen procured for all the pupils at public «^^<^>uo«t
80 far not one has been distributed. They have remained unused since last week«
The delivery Was accomplished shortly before the (rerman Catholic Societies obtained
a write of injunction* The School-principals were not included in the court order, :\
but evidently they fear, that they may be included. They were not willing to come /^
into legal conflict, so they left the books in the packing cases, otherwise they might
be apprehended for Ignoring the court decisions* Testerday the Schoolboard members
Sr. Hartung and Rowland brought up the matter during the session of the committee* 4
Hr. Frank Loesch made a motion that the books should be distributed* Loesch ^^ ^
and six others were in favor, two dissented* ..llr. Keating, in explaining his
objection said: ^ It does not appear ethical to him, that the Board of Education ^
resorted to strategy in order to temporarily circumvent a court order.
• • • * ., '. V
Attorney Monroe, who had the injunction issued, at the behest of the German ^^ " #
Catholic Societies, i.e. Mr. Peter Kill, induced Judge Tail to include Mayor
Harrison, Mc Gann and City Treasurer Gunther in the petition. Until ftirther notice,
th^se off icials cannot make any payments for the books, which the Board brou^t "
. -» ./
•■ .i
I A i b
I JL 1 a
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G£BUAn
Me A'bendpost. September 15th, 1901.
WPA (ILL.) PR03. 30275
for the free use of the papil8«" Ur. Monroe threatens to apprehend all, who have
ignored the edict and to prosecute thera for contempt. Mr. Loesch announced to*-da7t
that S3 % of the hooks have already been given to the children. Chairman Loesch
announced two subjects for discussion, irtiirh he like? to have disposed of before
January 1st* One concerns the discontinuation of the German language instruction
in the Slementary schools, the other ••.. that married women teachers, shall he.
stricken from the list*
, f
\ I
I A 1 b GEHMAH
';. " / . ' ;■...'■''■.••• ■ .
' " .IbendDOst. ypbroary l6. iqOlJ WPA (ILL) PROi. 30Z75
••.•■'.- ' ■ ' • ■
• , ' GBBMA5 IHSTRUCTIOK IN SCHOOLS.
v' *< Si^t applicants took part in a special examination by the depart^emt of
'1- ^ Grenaan instructions in public schools* Five of the applicants, who obtained
the highest rating, were employed immediately.
. ••;.,.«
'■Jd
The special department of the city's Normcd School » namely the department "^
for German instruction, which was opened last Monday, enjoys a surprisingly
great popularity*
Not only all have of the students enrolled for instruction, but also some of
the teachers of the institution*
/
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y;
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A
G3RMAN
Illinois 3ta'i.t3 Zeitung, Oct. 29, 1900.
G'RM.'IN INSTRUCTION.
p. 5.. A neeting under the auspices of the United German Societies was held at
the Orpheus hall yesterday. The original p^jrpose of this meeting was to protest
against the discontinuance of German instruction in the public schools, effect-
ive November ISth. Although immediate discontinuance of German instruction was
not imrainsnt, the socistj/' deemed it lidvisable to meet in conference and discuss
the future of the German language in public schools,
llr, Leopold 3altiel, chairman of the meeting, reported on steps undertaken by
the organization, IVhen the executive committee of this organization learned of
the school board's plan, Lr. Saltiel got in touch with the mayor. He informed
hipi of the energetic protest the organization is planning.
The mayor replied that Judge Tuley was responsible as he had assigned the sum
of $125,000 of the school board's money zo the building fund* Mr, Harrison then
offered to consult with Mr. Hiarris, president of the school boeird. The latter
informed Mr. Saltiel that German instruction will be maintained in the public
schools, eiLthough the funds will have to come from some other source.
A
debate followed during which lir. Newmann expressed the opinion that instruction
« r ^
J*
- 2 •
"^^ ' ' Illinois Staats Zeitung^ Oct. 29, 1900.
in German in our public schools was not given by conscientious teachers. He spoke
of persons who lacked adequate preparation. He contended, that to dispense with
German instruction is preferable to the method used.
Kr. Donat warned against hasty decisions, and advised prudent procedure in this
matter. Moreover, he said, **the teaching of Geroan in the public schools is not
as bad as was intimated.'* In defense of the Gernan instructors in the public ,
schools. Teacher Zutz said: ''The real reason vdiy German teachers of repute dc not
care for our public schools, is to be found in the fact that there is no cer-
tainty of tenure. Therefore, it is of utmost importance to secure the necessary
funds for this branch of education. It is up to the school board to secure from
the city council the necessary funds and thus to avert serious consequences.
This suggestion should be made to the members of the school board by the central
committee of this association,... '*
I A 1 "b
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GEPJ'.'AH
Die Abendrtost. OctolDer 26, igOO.
GSHl'M INSTRUCTION. IS ITOT TO BE CUHTAILED.
The School-'borrd Committee freed a difficult r)rol^lera Then its ar)r)rot>ription was
exhausted and a sim-ole exDedient wns, to eliminate all of the less imr>ort9iit
"branches of the curiculum. . . The German 1- n^ii-^ge wns included in this classif i- ,
cation ^nd instruction therein w-^s to he disT)ensfd ^ith for one and a half
months... in order to save eroenses for salaries. Ways and means were eventually
found, to solve the financial stringency. .• "The German Alliance," an Association
of German cluhs, whose convocation at the auditorium made such a -nrofound
im-oression throughout the land and even Euro-oe, when it voiced its objection to
the Government's friendly pttitude towards Englnnd, did not consider it appro-
TDriate to interfere with the schoolhorrd* s T)rocedure in regard to the German
tuition "orohlem.,. But a recently founded cluh, whose originator ha.s little
infltience in G'=rman circles- exrjressed itself in a threatening manner;- its
resolution was coached in snch audacious and imT^roT)er terms, thr^t the school-
hoard did not even consider it and merely placed it into the files.
I A 1 b
III B 2
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I F 3
III A
GERUAN
Illinoie StaatS'-Zeitungt Oct. l8, 1900.
THE UNITED GERMAN SOCIETIES.
p. 5 ** 'Hie Bxecutive Coxmnlttee of the United German Societies met in
conference last night • A letter of protest having been read and approved
was sent to the school board. Then, a petition with lf500 signatureSf
drawn up by llrs. Hulda B. Fox^ a teacher at the George Howland School, was
read. The contents of the petition are as follows t
**The undersigned tax-payers of Chicago desire every advantage which the
public schools may offer to their children. These words of the great poet
Goethe are well knownt *To know well one*s own language one ptust also know
another one#* Wie ask the esteemed members of the school board not to cur-»
tail the teaching of German in the public schools at any time during the
regular school year. German as taught in our schools is undoubtedly an
o *
. 2 - SERMAN
Illinois Staats^Zeitungt Oct. l8, 1900.
flisset to education* Therefore, the undersigned request the school board
to maintain the German classes in our public schools."
Arrangements are being made for a protest mass meeting which the entire
German population of Chicago will be invited to attend.
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GERMAN fi^ ....'o"
niinoia Staata Zeitun;-;, Oct. 18, 1900. '^^ ^
GZRIIAN IN THE PUBLIC SCHOOLS.
At the end of yesterday's school board meeting... the following letter sent
by T.Ir. Albin, secretary for the United German w'^^ocieties was read:
^o the Esteemed Members of the School 3oard,
••Gentlemen:
•
•This is to inform you that the executive comrnittse of the Central Organ-
ization of German Societies has taken steps to safeguard the interests of the
Gercan language in the public schools. Chicago's entire German population
will protest most energetically against the discontinuance of German
instruction.
Respectfully,
C. Alvin,
Secretary.**
Mr. Davis t a member of the school board considered the letter impolite and
- 2 '
Illinois Staats Zeitung, Oct. 18, 1900.
proposed to ignore it at the present time. He net with no opposition.
I A I b
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GERMAN
Illinois Staats-Zeitungt Oct* 17, 1900.
INSTRUCTION CURTAILMENT IN SCHOOLS •
p* 4 * The financial status of our school department is never bad except
vhen it comes to teaching German, gymnastics, drawing and singing in our
public schools* Shortage of funds is said to be responsible for shortening
the period of instruction in these subjects by one month* The financial
mismanagement is so great, that education has to be curtailed* What a
disgrace for Chicago* The continuous interruption in the teaching of
these important subjects may prove quite disastrous to the students*
German weuB added to the curriculuir of public schools way back during the
Civil War* Despite the heavy financial burden incurred by the war, Chi-
cago was able to maintain a broad and extensive public school education*
And now during the greatest period of prosperity the nation has ever had,
Chicago, for financial reasons, has to shorten the school year for those
important subjects* The Americans are a shrewd people and thdy should be
able to do something about it***
/ ^
I A I Id A>?ead-or.t, October 15, 1906 vo^'^'^'cy ^^^'-^^
I C
G-ernan Instruction
Hov/ Teachers i.!ake ChilJren Dir-msteu 'Tith Participating
(in German ClasseG; irx Spite of Our Earning. '
In the Louis llettelhorst School, - nariied after the late German "Turner" and
Pre^-ddent of the School Bo^^rd - 3erni?n instruction was omitted for the new
school ye'ir in the sixth arid seventh ^rade. In vnin were co^npla^nts made
of many p-^.rents to the Principal of the School, to the President of the
School Board, Unil Hitter, whose o'vn children are affected by it, and to
Superintendent C cole jr.
The nu^iher of TDupils who re^^ist'=»red for participation in German instruction
had sunk to nineteen, and the clas^^es der^end on the participation of twenty-
five students. ^.^ enterin£^ the fifth gr?de the parents must obli?rate them-
selves that their children shall taice up the full four years' course in
German.
It is a fact that the class teachers of this school did not tal^e German very
seriously; there were even reports of cases, in v/hich the teachers threatened
some children that they would not pass if they did not quit the German classes.
w „.ni '■ . GSiy'AK
^.P> ;; ;
Vbendjost, Octo'ber 13, 1906
/
'iHiy just this study should prevent pror.otion, and not also the participation
in any other "fad", can oaly "be explained "by hatred arainst the German. The
Principal complains "besides, that it is so hard to get good German teachers;
for this they need not wonder after the systematic cutting of Gerr;an
instruction, and still they would he available without douht if the teachers
themselves would not be disgusted.
vr.
ijj
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I P 4 Die A'bend-nost> July 7. igOO.
GEWJAII
. IN THE INTERESTS OF THE GERll&JT LANGUAGE
- AND GYK^KASTICS (TITRIIEN.)
At the Delegates meeti|B|of the Gprrran Associrtion, which mpt yesterday
evening, it was considered essenttJal, that r):^.rticulrr efforts mist he used at
this time, in ord^r to maintain Germf^n instruction. Its "orogram /orogressed
satisfactorily and. at a lively "oace.
Five re-or^sentatives of the ^'Gerrcaji Alliance" were also T^resent- the latter is
a Central Organization, which was called into existence last ye?5r, hy the same
clu"bs who Consider the r^r^ sent questions and a quorum was nomir^ted and in-
structed hy the (delegates to interview the Mayor today. This delegation should
submit the resolutions w.ich have "been adoTDted hy the assembly to Harrison.
" In consideration of the systematic curtailment and antipathy which the German
language and Turn instruction (Gymnastics) have to contend with, at the hands of
the present administration, the Delegate-meeting of Gern.-n Associr t Ions have
^jr__
m.
GEKJAIT
- 2 -
Die A'bpnr^T)08t. July 7» 1900.
a'iOT)ted the following resolutions.
" We, desire, not as Ch|B|jgo citizens of German origin "but in the interests of
the education of our youfn, and the consequent str?ndr?rc? of puhlic c^^lture, thrt,
aside from English, the most imnortrnt Icngnnge of the T)resent era, is German;
it therefore should he T^rotected anr' cultivated in all its "branches.
"Furthermore, we request in the interests o:^ the "ohysical develo-onent of the new
generation, that Turn-inst ructions should he o'bligator;^'' in all "ouhlic schools."
" We here'hy declare, thr t we hold the Ta^^-or C'-rter H. Harrison res-nonsihle for
all further cnrtc^ilment and antiT)athy which may he cUsr)lryed to the above two
TDhases of instructions, in consideration of the fact th?;t the rrryor has the
privilege of a^t)Ointing the Schoolhoard during the tenure of his administration."
The represent- tives who crlled on the mayor were : I.!rg, P. Dnpre anri E. Stowronski
also the gentlemen, K. Haerting, F. Neliel, L. Saltiel.
I A 1 b
I A 1 a
III B 2 I G5RM.AN
II B 3 '
^ ^ -^ Illinois Staats-Zeitung, June 26, 1900. ^
X c _
IV (Norwegian) ieeTING OF GBRI:A1\^ SOCIETIES.
17 (Bohemian)
p. 5» The delegates from German societies, responding to the call of the
executive committee for intellectual activity, of the Turner district
of Chicago, assembled at Kaendel's Hall last night. An extraordinary
interest in the movement for unlimited German instruction and gymnastics
in public schools, was shown by the large attendance at the meeting, A
lively debate followed the proposal, for the election of a permanent
chairman. Many of the delegates contended, that the Society of German
Citizens of Chicago and Suburbs, founded some time ago, has already begun
its activities in that direction. That association has already submitted
its protest, to the school board and to Llayor Harrison, last March. But
the majority of the delegates, did not share this view point,
therefore, it has been decided to form a nev/ organization.
(I m. H
- 2 - QSRIL^N
Illinois Staats-Zeitunni June 26, 1900,
The election of a permanent chairman was deemed unnecessary • This resulted
in the temporary election of !t. Leopold Saltiel as president and l!r.
Charles Alvin, secretary, for the evening only, V.r. Alvin declared in his
speech, that not the members of the school boara, alone are to be blamed
for their antagonistic attitude, toward the German question. The principals
and teachers in public schools, are equally as nuch opposed to German
instruction. He cited an instance, where two children of German extraction
were deprived of their privilege to choose between the study of German
and the study of Latin but were given definitely to understand, that
German was out of the question. Nevertheless, in both instances, the
parents were ultimately the victors. Furthermore, Mr. Alvin asserted
the opposition to the German and the stand taken by the school board, are
largely due to the attitude of the Bohemian member of the school board,
Mr. iValleck. Due to his intrigues, one of the city's Norwegian societies
was moved to approach the school board with the suggestion that the
instruction of all foreign languages in public schools be abolished.
r^ <:
- 3 - GERMAN
Illinois Staats-Zeitung, June 26, 1900 •
Through the kind services of LIr. 7/alleck, a copy of this decision reached
the school board. As none of the members had any knowledge of who supplied
them with a copy of that docuinent, a search for the evil-doer was begun,
by Mr# Meier, one of the members of the school board. This led to the
discovery of Mr, Walleck, and of the trick he played. Following a lengthy
debate, it was decided to appoint a committee, which would be assigned
the task of drawing up a plan for a permstnent organization. The report
of this committee is expected to be read at the July 9th, meetings
t
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I A 1 b
III B 'd
I C
Die Abendr^ost, June 26, 1900,
TO PHOllOTE GEHllja: LANGUAGE i:iSTF.UCTICl'S.
A new " Centrnl-Assoriation" of Gprmc-n Clul)s, will throw the gauntlet to its
enemies. A mighty associ-^tion hrs >>een created which is to function as a^new
alley for tr.ose who favor ^the continued instruction of Germrn in our rjublic
schools. It foura its inceT)tion yesterc^py eTrenin<?r pt the Haen^el Hall, "brought
to life "by the Dele^c-tes of which Vv. LeoTDold Saltiel w,?,s the Chairman, and Karl
Alvin its secretary .^ The next meeting will he on r.ondpy, at S P.M. Room "^01
of the Schiller Building.
It wns resol^-ea, thr^t erch club which w-s represented "by r'-le^ates, should con-
tribute equr.l amounts. At the beginning of the meeting, several delegates asked
the question, whether it wrs actually necessf^ry to form a new association to
•nromote the interests of Chic-^go-rrPrmans, since the recent Protext-meeting
against a friendly alliance between the United Strtes and Isnd-grabbing Gre.^t
Britain, T>roduced the Confederation of G^^^rman citizens of Chicago and vicinity
which raised vigorous objections at the mr.yor* s of-^ice nnr^ also at the School
board to the plc^n, which nrouosed to curtril German instniction in the uublic
schools. The ut>s p.nr^ clowns of onr local Gerrripns are, aft^-r all, well taken care
of by that club, which is con^josed of re"oresentr:tive citizens, A new "associaticn
n-r ^rioryof cQti wh^r^h Kr, g the Idpntlc^il obiect in nind . is absolutely superfluous, •
♦ 2 ♦
Die Alienrlnogt. June 26, I9OO.
GEB'AIT
The ladies and ^rentlemen, which -DroTn-oted the meeting rt the Haenr?el Hr;ll, were
of <'?nother or)inTon, p,nd so, regardless, will form the new Contrrl Association.
GERMAN
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I F 3
IllinoiB Staats-Zeitung. June 13, 1900
A GOOD begin;«ng.
«
p. 5 • Ii^ response to the invitation from the Chicago Turner. Societies, every
German society of the city, sent its representatives to last night's
meeting at Bicke*s Hall. As a result, the hall proved much too small, and
the meeting had to be adjourned. The committee for intellectual activities
was requested, to make arrangements for a meeting as soon as a larger hall
can be found. Mr. L. Saltiel was elected president, and Mr. Charles Alvin
secretary of the temporary organization. The purpose of this meeting was
to organize a movement among the German population of Chicago, to protest
against the curbing of German instruction and gymnastics in public schools.
I A 1 b
I A 1 a
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III A
GERMAN 0^%
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Illinois Staat3«Z6itung> June 4, 1900* '^<>^. ^
AN APPEAL TO THE GERKAN SOCIETIES OF CHICAGO.
?• 5^ The Germans of Chicago are well aware of the fact that a certain
group here is trying to have the German language and gymnastics eliminated
from the public school^s curriculum* The enemies of the German language
have so far succeeded in having instruction of Germcm in Dublic schools
curtailed considerably* But they will not be satisfied unless they can
be complete victors in this fight against better education as advocated
by them*
This has prompted the Chicago Turner district to action* It was decided at
their last meeting to entrust the committee for intellectual aspirations
with the task of interesting the Germans of Chicago more deeply in the
present fight for retention of the German language and German gymnastics
in public schoo].s* In compliance with this decision, the committee
- 2 -
GERMAN
IlllnolB Stcuits-Zaitungt June 4, 1900#
invited all German societies of Chicago to send their representatives to
a joint meetings at which ways eind means will be discussed on how to
remove the danger of elimination of the German language and gymnastics
from public schools • The meeting will be held June 12th at Sickens Hallf
Randolph Street* Each society is requested to send two delegates and
to provide each delegate with a letter of credentials* Every German
society^ regardless of its political alliance^ its religious belief , or
sex of its membership^ is entitled to cast its vote at the meeting*
The Committee of the Chicago Turner District #
I A 1 b *' GERMAN
niinoie Staats Zeltxxng. Jjine 2, 1900. \?J?(\ (!IL) PRCJ. 30271:
t
AN BAIENSE SUU SAVED.
p« &.. The teachers of the German language in our elementary schools were
forced to begin their sumner vacation yesterday. The German instruction in
elementary schools has ended four weeks earlier this year* The reason is
the insufficient appropriation allowed this branch of the educational system*
Of course/ with the $4^000 saved^ the school board can easily afford to pay
the Uay and June salary to the former superintendent of schools>.who is now
sojourning in Europe 9 before taking up his duties as director of the State
University of Nebraska*
I A 1 b Illinois Staats-Zeitung, May 25, 1900. G:^RliAN
III A
/fohsign laiTxUages kw hue public schooisZ
p. 5 - ILr. './alleck, a member of the school board committee, made repeated
attempts yesterday, when the school board met in conference to submit his
proposed resolution for acceptunce. W. "./alleck 's contention is that in
schools which are attended by pupils, at least 50 riercent of whom are
descendants of one nationality, it v/ould be necessary to teach the native
language of their i^arents also.
This resolution v/as rejected by a large rrajority. LIr. Dav;es, also a member
of the school board, thought this an excellent opportunity to denounce German
instruction in schools. He declared th' t it had been an error to introduce the
Gerfnan language in the schools, but that it v/ould be a wise decision to
eliminate it from the school plan at the earliest possible moment.
Dr. Stolz spoke in defense of German instruction. He stressed the pedagogic
value of teaching German, v/hereupon Ljr. /alleck assured Dr. Stolz that the
resolution v; as not directed against German instruction. Of course, iJr.
Dawes then felt so cheap, and, knowing that he had made a fool of himself,
was not heard from during the rest of the evenings
I A 1 b
GERMAN /o^ ^\
^ WPi oi
Illinois St?^at3 Zeitung, Feb. 27, 1900. \5;^ b"
THE GSR!.:\N LANGUAGE IN SCHOOLS.
The School Board's coimnittee, whose task it was to pronounce the fin&J. de-
cision in the v/ell knov/n Gerirr.n controversy inet yesterday and announced that
the appropriation for this branch of the educational system had to be re-
duced to $135,000. The Finance Conmittee's plan, to shorten the instruction
period of the regular school year by one month, has met v/ith defeat. I&ssrs.
Glaus senius and Brenan, members of the School ^oard, were the first to protest
against such a plan. Dr. Zirnraermann, supervisor of the German department,
said that v/ith a grant of only $135,000 the Gernian instruction could not be
carried on, beyond eight months of the year. Dr. Zimmerraann insisted, that
the grant of $14,000 m.ore is necessary, in order to retain the present staff,
teaching German in public schools. Dr. Stolz, chairman of the cora-iittee de-
clared, tliat the School Poard is concerned only about the instruction of the
pupils. The security of the teacher's position, does not enter into this
question at all. Dr. Stolz declared himself fully in accord with the plan
of the Finance Committee. He was the only person vvho was in ^'avor of this
plan.
/
G3RMAN
I A 1 b
I C
III A Illinois Staata Zeitung« Feb, 23, 1900.
II Al
ANNIVERSARY FEAST.
The Society of Gernnn Teacherg celebrated its first anniversary last night at
the Union Hotel, with ur. iJencke as master of ceremonies. The first speaker of
the evening was Mr* E* A. Zutz, )iiiho was followed on the speaker^s platform by
Dr. Gustav A. Zimmermann, supervisor of German instruction in public schools.
Briefly, he expressed his hopes, that the dark clouds, hanging so threateningly
over the German language in schools, may dissolve before any serious effect
takes place*
The third speaJcer was Mr* Uhris ^eier, who was heartily greeted by the audience*
He said in his speech, that the German instruction in public schools has always
been threatened with discontinuation. The Anglo- timer icnn, he said, is ever
ready to attack the so-called '•fads" and according to him, teaching German is •
one of these fads*.**
The next speaker, Mr* E* F. L* Gauss, assistant librarian at the public li-
brary, commended his address by asking: "Did jldison speak German? Did Shake**
speare speak German? Did Milton speak Gerrran?** And then said: •T'his highly
- 2 - GERMAN /C^
Illinois Staats Zeituog, Feb* 23, 1900*
intellectual and coinmendable dialogue, v/hich took place during a meeting of
the School Board yesterday, is just the thing, to mix a little humor into my
address* ••• I wish to speak of this affair as the affair of our people, and
their further intellectual development,,,,. There have been arguments that
with almost every foreign nation well represented in this country, teaching
their native languages would seem just as important as is the teaching of Ger-
man. But German is the mother tongue of the largest group of the foreign ele-
ment composing the American nation, a nation v^ich is still in the state of
development. But this is not the exact reason either. It is, because the en-
tire American intellectual life is based upon it.... The Gerraan language should
become one of the principle subjects, taught in every school of America, because
it is one of the most important disciplines in the nation's cultural development,,,.
'Goethe, the great German poet said: 'To have no knov/ledge of any other lang-
uage but one's own, is to say that one does not know one's own either'?,,.
I A 1 b
GERMAN
III A
I C Illinois Staats Zeitung, Feb. 22, 1900* WFA {ILL) PROJ 3G276
GP]RMAN IN THE SCHOOLS.
•*Mr, Superintendent 9 does Bdison speak German?*' "Nol** "Did Milton speak Ger-
nnn?'* ••Nal'^ This '•highly intelligent" chat, took place yesterday, between
Mr. Harris, the president of the School board and Dr. Andrews, the superintend-
ent of schools, at an open taeeting of the School Board. These two men are at
the helm of our school system, smd due to the positions they hold, are ex-
pected to be an example to our youth, what a demonstration of their intelli-
gence they exhibited at this meeting!
This dialogue was the ''counter argument ** to the speecheii, dblivered by the mem-
bers of the School Board, Uessrs, Meier and Schwab and Dr. Stolz, in course of
the debate, which followed the finance committee's announcement that a consid-*
erable reduction of the appropriation for GeriOBui instruction in public schools
is contemplated. ... Mr. Chris. i<ieier, another member of the School iioard, in-
sisted that there should be no reduction for this branch of the educational
system.... Mr. Ueier said: ''I consider it an injustice to limit the instruc-
tion in a branch of the educational system, which has been added, because its
importance has been recognized. **•... Another School Board member, defending
I A 1 b - 2 - GERMAN
III A
I C Illinois Staats Zeitung, Feb. 22, 1900, . .!H \ PRO-.
the German langiiage, wels Dr. Stolz who said that at this meeting he does not
speak as a German nor as a representative of a German organization^ but as a
member of the School Board, who is convinced of the importance of German in-
struction.* •• A special meeting in this controversy will be held February
28th.
I A 1 b
Die Abendpost, February 22, 1900. ,,,. . .mt ,0-.-.. ...,,
GERMAN INSTRUCTION
PRSSIDEilT HARRIS OF THE SCHOOLBOARD IS OPPOSED
TO IT
The Finance Committee of the local Schoolhoard submitted "the revised"
budget-plan to the administration yesterday and, among other items, it
contains the following changes:
First recommendation: Second recommendation
German language instruction $126t000.00 $135t000.00
Gymna.stics 11,400.00 10,800.00
Normal School 47,000.00 45,600.00
Kindergarten 86,500.00 78,500.00
Although an increase from $126,000*00 to $135,000.00 for German tuition
has been granted, it represents $15,000.00 less than during the previous
year» Schoolboard members Meier and Dr. Stolz, asked for a duplication
of the previous appropriation of $150.000«00.
n
1 b
GERllAN
III F
III A
I c Illinois Stuats - Zeltunj:; Feb. 21, 1?00.
GLRi:itII INSTRUCTIOI; IN i^UBLIC SCIiOCLS
II is custor.ary, that v;henever soiiiething f,oes v/rons, or finances necessitate
the reaucLion oi ex^eiiditures in public schools, it is ulvfays the German
lani^uu^t) which sul'iert froia the attack. ••• A local English nev/s paper niade the
idiotic rtiLiark, thut teaching Gerir^n in schools is simply a "farce without
any educational value", perplexed at this, we ask: V/hat are the causes for these
liialicious attacks? The unswwr could be found in the blind hatred for anything
forei^_;;n, v/ith especially deeply rooted hatred for the German people and their
language* The Gt;rriian's usually bright outlook on life, and their v/ell known
cu ability in trade and profession is scoffed at, just because the beneficial
influence of the Gerruan spirit und Geri.i^^n activity has been felt, but for lack
ol' under.star.dinf;, is hated. V/asn't it the GwrLiun imnigrarit who transformed this
v^estern part ol' t>iis ;_;reat and glorious countiy, which was nothing but a wild
and devastated land, into fertile fields? German intelligence, their untiring
dili^;ence and thrift, vis influential in all phages of business and professional
liie. To who.-i are we especially indebted for introducing and cultivating music
in this country? It v;as again the Ger: an elenent. Therefore they are justified
in cultivating and preserving the Gerriar: language and German cj.stoms. Another
rtiuson why teaching German in schools does not meet vdth more enthusiasm is
- 2 .
GERIIAN
Illinois Stuats - ^eitung; Feb. 21, I9OO.
found in tie fact, that most ^^otj^lt' liaVc no understanding of the value of
knov/inr: x foreign language,.,. Ho;vever, a certain indifference by a large
nun.ber of CJer .an-iirnericans , cuula be lookea Uj^on, as supplying added strength
lor these attacks. ••• The financial dileuDa of our School Board, is the cause
for the present attack on the 'German lun'-^U'-ire. There are numerous thina-s
causiri:; this condition, but '.ve are not inclined either to investigate nor to
discuss this, ./e are disinulinevi to blar.e the School Board for this deplorable
situation, for it Is our candid opinion that most of its members have the
welfare oi the teachers -<z v/el] as that of the school at heart. Will the
financial ills of the ochool Board be cured, if tlie Geriaari language is dropped
fro..: the school plan?
--"^
I Al b _, w - ^
I A 1 a
II B 3
III A Illinois Staats^ZeituDg, Feb. 12, 1900. GERllAN
I F 3
III B 2 /GERMAN IN THE SCHOOI^
The ooLjnittee in char^^e of drawing up a protest in the German controversy sub-
mitted the document to the delegates of the turn societies for their approval
today. The text of the unanimously approved protest is as follov/sj "The turn
societies of Chicai:^o are very anxious and uneasy in regard to the proposed
reduction of the a propriation for certain instructions in public schools so
necessary to modern education. The turn societies are well aware of the fact
that the School Board's task in the present crisis is not an enviable one» The
School Board experiences the difficulty of a financial crisis » and deems it
necessary to limit the instruction of Gerr..an gyiiinastios , drawing, music, and kinder-
garten v/ork. It' is the opinion of these societies that no modern educational
system cun be considered complete, without the teaching of those subjects.
Consiaerin;; furtlier, that through these proposed limitations the efficacy of
the school system would be badly shaken, we, the representatives of all turn
societies of Chic^c^o, raise our voices in protest against any possible limitations
of the aforementioned subjects. It is our advice to the School Board to do its
utmost in order to avert this financial crisis*"
/^,
I A lb
T A 1 a
jlf J Illinois Staat3-Zeltung> Feb. 10 , 1900* GERMAN
III B 2
I C J /GSmrjJH IN THE SCHOOL^
The Central alliance of German Military Societies of Chicago and Suburbs resolved
at its recent meeting, to protest categorically against the intended decrease of
the appropriation for German instruction. The letter of protest is as follows:
"It is nothin^; new for th« School Board to feel that it has to lower the expen-
ditures of some branch of the educational system. Nor is It new, that the German
department was chosen at every crisis of that kind as being able to most easily
stand the savin/;;;s. It has been f ouna , however, that children vAio learn German
are quicker to absorb the grammar of their ovm mother tongue, the English language
The saving proposed by the School Bourd must not only be prevented, but in our
opinion, the German instruction in schools should branch out more extensively.
This society hiis authorized its committee to send a copy of this declaration to
all newspu^oers, to the mayor, and to the School Board.**
1 b
II B 3
IV
GKRLIAII
o
W.P/ -^
Illiriuis :stuuts -» Zeltun^ Feb. 10, 1900
Dhix'^iiriDII.'G GERLL'iN INSTRUCTION
A meetinj^; of dbie;;2u"'^^^ ^^ "^^*^ Crerin&n Turn sooietie.s v/us held yesterdayt to
discusb v/ays uiid ::.ettria of stopping the School Board Coniniittee, from expressing
their hostility against Crer'ian instruction in public schools. The School
Board also intends to decrease the appropriation expended for athletics and
art in the schools. Present at the meeting, held at 106 East Randolph Street t
v/ere deleguteb oi' the follc.ving turn societies: Aurora, Vorvmerts, Grand Crossingi
Lu Sulle, Rautenburg, Almira , South Chicago, Eiche, Kensington, Schweitzer,
Lincoln, Chiou^^o Turnge::ieinde, V/estseite Turnverein, Sudseite Turnerschaft ,
Eini£;;keit, Sudsoite Turngeueinde, Forschritt, Voran, Toutonia, Freiheit, Almira,
and the Bozirksvorort . i.^x Koellin- of the Chicago TurngOineinde v;as chairman
and Fritz Czolbe froru the Board of Executives, corresponding secretary.
The coriiHiittee a. pointed at ^ust weeks 's meeting reported, that it contacted the
proper authorities re^.:;urdin^ teuchin^, Ger;aan in schools, but vdth hardly any
success. All the delegates thun joinoa in u lively discussion on that natter.
- 2 - GiEMAN
^'
^
J
■
• ^ )
^^y
■c^
y
V
Illinois btauts -» Zeltun^ Feb. 10, l^OO*
with the result thut u speciul committee was appointed consisting of Jacob
In^enthron, Leopold Grand, Dr» Hartun^, A. H. Heinemann, and liax Koelling»
The duty oil this corrjnittee is to prepare a protest against any eventual
liiiiitutions of Geruan instruction, gymnastics, singing, drav/ing, and in the
field in kindergarten work. This document shall be submitted to the delegates
for ratification ut touorrov/'s special meeting.
I A 1 b GERf>^N
III A
I C Illinois btaats > Zeitun;^ Feb. 1, 1900.
GtRlLili IKSTRUCTIOIi lU hIGh bCHOGLS
A8 fur as I know, the attacks upon the Ger:.»uii infstruction in public schools did
not include high schools, but for t^hu sake of the truth, I consider it my duty
to write thie; lotler in defense of Clerman instruction in public schools. L!y class
room consists of ^0 pupils, 33 o^' v/hon: hu'^e received German instruction at inter-
mediate schools, th^ rest huu no knovdedge of German when they entered high schoo3
at all. In order to suy anythin ; in favor of teaching German, I have to give an
illustration of the two groups, and of their respective success.
The larger group took up work of second year high school immediately and the
srualler ^roup coL.menced with first year work therefore a comparison even for the
first year is out of f^uestion. Based on my six years experience I must say, that
the knowledge imparted to children in intermediate schools, makes itself known
even in the higher grades of high school.... The fact remains, that the earlier
the instruction of a foreign languag^r comnieoces t the better the pupil will be able
to think and express himself, in that language when speaking. ... It hSiS also been
found, that pupils who study a foreign language, find less difficulty in the study
of other subjects.
Charlotte Sievers
I A 1 b Illinois Staats-Zeltanfct Jan. 31, 1900.' 3ERI.!AH
I C
2^ERI.!Ai: LWIGUAGE IN THE SCHOOI^
Tha En^liLh press oi* Chicu^u with the exception of the Chioa^o Record kept
neutral in thu ^utjstion or Geriaan instruction in public schools. The Chicago
Record puiu tribute in its yesterday •s issue to Dr» iindrews, the superintendent
of public schools, for his hostile stand in this case. It would be far better
for both to reverse their hostilitv.
I A 1 b
ERIiAN
I r
. Illinois Staats « Zeitun^ Jan. 30, 1900*
GiuRLlAN INSTRUCTION
fii r. ?.LL»,' rrvVw^. v'V*4i%p
Dr. ZinL.erractnn , the supurintendenx of the depurtment for German instruction
in public schools, ana thci 3 nembers of the School Board, Liessrs. Meier, Stolz,
and Clausenius, i:et in conference to discuss the problem which arose, in regard
to teaching German in public schools. These gentlemen are of the opinion that
the instruction of Gerrian in public schools should receive more attention or
at leust the saiao sum of money should be appropriated for this purpose as lust
year. This branch of the educational system, which employs about three hundred
speciui teachers, received an appropriation of $150,000 last year, while the
Finance (JoiUaittee now desires to reduce the appropriation to $126,000 this year.
Superintendent nndrev/s vvith the full support of his district superintendents
Kirk, Delano, Sabin, and Lewis declares that the teaching of German is not as
important us other subjects, therefore it is that subject which should be dispensed
with. They are of course only iindraws' echo. Yesterday we hea^d a pedagogue,
very well acquainted with this city's conditions say: "...The appropriation for
German instruction in public schools, i^hould be at least $200,000 and for physical
culture $35fOOC." Messrs. Lieier anu Stolz, members of the School Board, questioned
superintendent of public schools Dr. Andrews directly, ^vhether he really vas in
favor of abolition of Geriian instruction in ^jublic schools, and following is the
reply of this great diplo:;ut: '•I am and always have been in favor of German
- 2 -
GERIJAK
Illinois Stauts - Zeitunn; Jan* 30, 1900*
a
WPA (ILL) PRO., 30275
iriiatruction. I consiuer it un important branchof our educational system, but
as one ol* the subjocte tuu^ht has to be discontinued, I do believe that we can
easiest dif:;)t>nse v/ith the instruction of German, for it is among all the subjects
taught, of least consequence in our educational system, and the big sum expended
for it, could be eusily saved. But I s*xy again, I am not opposed to German
instruction, the v/ay it is £;iven in our schools nov/." Iir» Schwab, member of the
School Board promised to insist on an increased allowance for German instruction. ••
I A 1 1)
GERMAN
Agendo 08 t« September 5f 1899»
WPA (ILL) Pi;Oi, 30275^
CHICAGO UNIVERSITY ARRANGES A COURSE IN GERMAN,
It is highly commendable that the management of the University , in
arranging special courses, has been particularly thoughtful of those, who ^
desire to study German language and literature. The curriculum provides
instructions in the German language, and a course in mod'^^rn German poetry.
I A 1 "b ' " OEmiM
Abendpost. July 13th, 1?99.
. - .' W?A (ILL) proj. 30275
LESSONS IN GERMAN IN CHICAGO SCHOOLS.
Dr. G. A. Zimmermann, the Sutd^ r intend en t of instructions in forei^ languages at
the city schools, turned in his annual rer)ort to the Board of Education. The
reT)ort contains a number of citations from famous men of all a>fes regarding the
"benefits of teacning foreign lan^iages. Particularly recommended was the study
of modern living languages in Derference to the so-called classical ones.
Of special local interest are the following statistics in the renort. The German
language is heing taught in the four higher grades of all Prima^ry Schools, as well
as in all High Schools,, The average number of "oupils, who regularly attend the -
course in German is 33015« Of these are 1^)020 children of Germ^an r)arents, 12195
children of Anglo-American r)arpi?tR, and 127SS children of various other national-
ities. The number of r)upils studying German increased 232^' over the previous
^ season.
At the Primary Schools 210 teachers gave instructions in German. At tne High
Schools 2U5I T>UT5ils took lessons in German, I3IO receiv-d lessons in ?^rench.
I A 1 "b
Gi-:miAN
Ab ndpost, July 13th, 1S99
VVPA OIU PRQl. 30271
and 12 only in Soanish. Th^re wpre engaged 22 Crerman teachers, 15 French instructors
and one Siaanlsh teacher.
I A 1 "b
GEPJ.1M
Die Abendpost. January 27th, IS99.
GERl.iAN IITSTRUCTION.
^'PA (ILL) Pfi0j.3027f
The Board of Education authorized $150,000 for this year, the same amount as in
the T)revious year, for German tuition, hut the cost was in exc^^ss of ?l69tOOO.
Mr. Harris said, that the aT)T)ropriation must not he exceeded this year. It will
therefore he necessary to dismiss 15 ladies, teanhers of the German languages and
their work-quota will he distrihuted among the more fortunate teachers remaining.
I A I I) GSH!.iAIT
Die Abend -ost, January 25, 1899
School Affairs. Mr. Howard S. ''-^ ^^^^^'' ri\w..^tv^/t»
Gross Explains His Curiosity
About The German Instruction
School Board member, Hov/ard S. Oross, declares - it is an injustice to regard
his questionnaire as the result of anti-G-erman sentiments on his part. He is
of German origin - and proud of it, but besides, he is a member of the School
Board and as such, his position is one, which requires public confidence and
trust. He considers it his duty to o.scertain what benefit has been obtained
after an expenditure of $150,000 per year for German instruction. He has
been told, that many of the teaching staff of the German department are
absolutely inconpetent, that they speak a miserable German, and hcwe only the
vaguest conception of the ^rajnmatical rules of the l-^n^age.
If these alleged, deplorable conditions exist, then it is his intention to
trace them to their very foundation and so he intends to ask the Board of
Education to make an investigation of this department.
School Board mem.ber Joseph Schwab has no objections concerning his co-worker's
intentions, but adds, he will energetically oppose any attempt to restrict or
abolish German instruction. He further stated, that one half of Chica.q:o's
I A I t -S- GER?^tAN
Die Abendpost, Jamiary 25, 1899 VV PA (llL) Pnwi, 302/5
inhalDitajits are either German or of Germcin ancestry. The knowledge of German is
therefore "beneficial, not only as a niatter of cultural acquisition hut has a
great commercial value.
4 I
I A 1 b
aSBMAK
DIE ABEKDPOST, January 2Uth, 1899- WPA (ILL.) PRUi 302
German Instruction*
Schooll)oard Member ^roes Distributes A Questionaire
Concerning It.
Acting on his own initiative, Mr. H, H. Gross, of the City^s Schoolboard sent a
letter to 100 princit>al8 of our public schools, several days ago. The filling out of
the questionaires if for the purpose of ascertaining what purpose and benefit are derive
by giving German instruction in the public schools. The questions are about as
follows:- "How many scholars of the 7th and gth grade partake of German instruction
in your school?" "Are any of the scholars- those of German origin excepted- able to
read or write a German letter after an instruction period of one or two years?"
"Would it be preferable to use the time, devoted to the study of German, in giving
English instruction instead?" "Do you believe, that the study of German, is useful,
as far as the pupils in your class are concerned?"
So far, Mr. Gross, obtained about 60 replies to his circular, but he is not willing
at present to give detailed information concerning it. Pres. Harris and the school
board members Schwab and Mrs. Sherman from the Committee on German instruction are
not pleased with Mr. Grosses procedure. They have apprehensions that it will lead
to a renewed attack on German teaching, and, if at all possible, the administration
wishes to prevent thist Mr. Gross declares however, that he is only interested
tstse 2,
(SEsmis
DIB ABENDPOST. January sUth, 18991 WPA (ill,) F[;:j,3f2:
personally in ascertaining, lAether the $150,000,00(0n'= hundred fifty thousand
dollars) have been wasted uselessly.
I A I I)
Abend-^o^t, Decer.ber r?8, 1£97
(■Editorial) Value of the
Gern:?ua Language Teachin^;
V'?A ^UI : r«^ 3u27h
Frcm time to time thie GerniojiG of Ar.erica have the pleac:ure and the satisfaction
of kno'vin^: that the cultivalicu and learnin^i; cf the German Icjiguage is
re.'comrenced "by prominent native English-speairing people.
For the Americans of German extraction Tiho disregard the tongue of their
fathers, this is a shaineful fact to he recognized. For the entire nation
this advice "becomes the more worthy of attention, as it docs not come from
Geman-Dorn hut from Enirlish-ocrn citizens.
There are mainly the educated American pedagog^.^es who give credit to the
value of the German language and to its instruction in the puhlic schools, and
'^vho support it. To the?e men helong the ahle School 3aperintendent Emerson
of Buffalo.
In his latest aiuiual rej.ort he says; "Tlie Gerr.an lcngu.age i£ no^r taught in
Buffalo in 42 schools. The numher of purils participating in this crsnch v;as
6990 during the last yec-r. Of these 752 visited the high schoolr. and 0238
the district school^:. !>. ring the Ir^st four years there is to he noticed an
increase of 1555 pu^ ils who participate in German instruction.
I A I t
Abendrost. Dec^rter 22, 1S97 ^p^ ^^.^ ^,.,, ^^^^
It is hnrdly necessrr;/ to meixtioii here •^^^ain the rrguments in favor of this
"brrijich of instriiction. The stihject is demanded by thousends of resident
Gerr.an-Ar.'cricans vho patronize the ru'^lic schools* Disrec" rding the practical
benefit thi.t is brought alon^ with the kno^vledge of this lan^,uage in a city
that io inhabited by such an enorr:Ous number of Gerrrians or such who arf^ of
C-erman extrrction, there are also ether reasons, and of a purely pedagogics.!
n: ture, Avhich show that it is cxTedient PXiil wise, to offer the opportunity to
those who desire to appropriate the >jiowled^;e of a foreign laii^iia£;e«
The most important authors in ecLuc^-^.tional natters especially Er. 'i7ilTisiri T.
Harris, the Pe^ier^l Corr/dsGioner for Zducation, recouir.Gnd such instruction,
Also the conference for modern Ir^n^aa^^es, in ccnnection with the f&.mous
"Comnittee of Ten" which wn.s nominated by the ^^lational Educational
Association", recomr.ends that the Gernan Ir^ngua^e should be tau^^it as a non-
compuiscry object of instruction ir; the Grrr-rrxiar Schools and should te started
with pupils who are in their tentV. y^,ar.
The conference maintains that such a study G::ercises the merrory of the pupils,
sharpens the mind, does contribute to a nore thorou£:h understanding of the
I A I b
Atendpost, Dect.rr'bcr
1897
V
^V^']>..^»
:^i>9"'c
const met ion of the 2nj^;lish lan^jiage, and expands the intellectual po^er?. "by
teaching the pupil that he rust av'pl:/ ^n iJer and an e::pres?ion that differs
fron the one he is used to»
The conference reconr^ends further those fiiir.^ which need special attention "by
the instruction of the leji^a.[,e in Gramiriar Schcols: first r^ ,:;;cod pronunciation;
second, the ability to unde stand the s] oken ^rerni^oi in senteri:: esof "brief
e:;pressions; third the aoility to r'^ad with understanding: sirxle stories in
the foreig^i. lan^af^e, and fourth to acqi'tirp the ahility to he ahle to construct
short sentences with recoi-nitioii of the fundf;i:;ent/=l £:rr>r.Lr tic^J. roles.
I think that ii. our Grrjnriirr Schools Ihis aini is evident* Boys as well as
girls who hnve sorje talent for IciigiP^^e ^ who are diligent and look for the
opportunity to lerrnto speali the German lajig'iS'.^e, will without douht "become
so Tamiliar with the Gerrrian lan,%,Ucv^je that this certainly will "be of greatest
inrporti:jice in their practical lives. On the other hr-^id it is clear that
laany pupils with less talent ana less in*:^r^:st never will leari>to speak
German, but even for ther,e t^ie study is beneficial because it develops their
minds ajid expcjids their horizon.
I A I Td
Abendpost, D^ceml^er 23, 1397
WPA (iLL) FRw-3a27^
II is to te added, that no pupil i:^ allovred to strxt the study of the
German l^n^ua^e or if started to continue it unless they fully satisfy in
the Tn^lish or^.nches of instniction,"
I A I b
GERMAN
> III A
* Abend20st, October 27, 1897 WPA (ILL) PROJ 30275
THE OUTSTANDING GERMAN CITY IN AMERICA
Jn the -oublic schools of Milwaukee there was for years more attention paid to
instruction in the German language than in the schools of any other Mg city
of the country and this is easy to exDlain in regard to the strong Germanism
in Beer - Athens. But also in Milwaukee, like other cities, an attempt is
made from time to time to restrict this instruction, which is so terribly
hated by the nativists and anti-Germans, although it is usually handled in a
more careful manner than in other communities.
So, some tho\ight last spring suddenly to notice that the German instruction
causes larger costs, than was necessary, "because it was given to children
whose parents do not even want this. If, so it was said, German instruction
Is limited only to children whose parents ask it for their children, the
number of students will grently diminish; we will need less teacher
material and will make noticeSile savings. This idea succeeded.
\
\ V
(
I A I "b ' -2- GEBMAN
III A
AbendEOsi. OctoT)er 27, 1S97 WPA (ILL) PROJ J027S
While formerly it was customary to let all children, if their "oarents were
not expressing optjosition, partici-oate in the German lessons, under the new
ruling only such children can attend German classes, whose -oarents erpecially
demand this.
The result seems surprising In place of the doubtless hoped-for reduction in
the niamher of the German pupils, the new ordinance of the affair resulted in
increase of impils. Of the '^2,921 children more than 20,000 iJarticipate now
in German instruction, hy ST)ecial desire of their -oarents. Of course under
these circiimstances a reduction of the costs was not possible. German
instruction alone costs about $50,000 a year, The anti-German elements see
themselves forced now to make the best of a bad bargain because they intro-
duced the proof that German instruction for the children is desired by the
majority of parents.
Milwaukee, it seems, will deserve alea in the future, the name "The Outstandii^g
German City of America", Yes, it may become still more German, as it is not
on the outside nor in the language, but in habits and customs and thoroughness.
) ■".
I A I 1)
III A
Abendpost, October 27, 1S97
GEmiAN
^^PA (JLL.) PROJ. 30275
gmd this is what does count in the end. It is hardly to be feared that
Beer - Athens will be Americanized. But to Germanize it is not possible
either. Either it will become German-American, or American-German. Let us
hope for the latter. Germaji on the inside, American on the outside.
German in thinking and feeling, American in its actions.
III A
II B 2 g
aSBMAN
ABBMDPOST, July 15th. 1897.
Cultivation Of The 9nrman Language In The Schools*
During the German Teachers Day in Milwaakee, Hr. Smil Dapprich, director of the
German-Teachers Seminary, gave an interesting lecture on the State of German in-
struction in city and country* The statistics were obtained through answers to
about 3000 circular letters sent to the schools of the United States*
A survey of the statistics obtained, which will be published in detail, as a hand-
book of German school affairs in America* contains the following tablei-
States
Bl ement aryS chool
ElementarySchools
T«Si 7,663
New England 30
Hew York 837
New 3QT%&y 56
Pennsylvania 3^9
Ohio 919
Indiana 593
Illinois 1292
Wisconsin 957
Michigan ¥^6
Minnesota &Iowa 802
Southern States ^+89
wattbfiXB 779
Total 77
70
71
16
57
60
20
51
56
12
60
622
120
908
72
570
979
615
13U3
1073
' U58
«37
5^3
^23
2805
83966
3209
28289
71337
28786
83733
63092
2132^*
26268
25053
2kQ3£
8303 471038
U607
935
396U
1173
2650
2099
821
197U
1321
li2ki
88.573
U.lUU
32.253
75.77^
29.953
86,383
65.191
22,lU5
32
> *»i.
)03.
&*27a
503.510
ABBMBPOST, July 15th, 1897,
&ERUAN
Mr. Dapprlch called his statistical information incomplete* He said:-
"'As a report that stretches over such a wide-spread territory:;! cannot reach all
necessary points in one short year, the defect of incompleteness is attached to it*
We know throu^ personal experience, that , in hundreds of schools, Grerman is taught
hut this could not be taken into consideration, as the teachers concerned neglected
to give us their answers* If we had received from all schools, especially the
xmhlic institutions t accurate reports, the result would he more gratifying. The
number of pupils and teachers would be much larger, for instance, in Texas where
there are counties, in idiich nearly every public school has German as a subject of
education^ As in cities, with considerable German population, the cultivation of
the German language stands in no proportion to the popolationt it is evident, jrhat
one could bring these cities into three groups according to the rating of German as a
means of culture^" In thet«
1* Honor groupi Cincinnati, Belleville, Cleveland, Indianapolis, Kew BrannfelSt
Saginaw, Erie, Zvansville, Tell City, Columbus, Hamilton, Dayton, Milwankeet Balt-
imore, Davenport, Carlsstadt*
2. So«So group: Hew Tork, Buffalo, Hoboken, Chicago, Sheboygan, Akron, Lancaster*
AB3BHDP06T, July 15th, 1S97<
1
GIBMAN
3« Moomlng group:- Detroit, Dubuque, St. Louis, Q;aincy, Newark, St. Paul, Pitt«l)urg,
Broc^lyn, Peoria* Allegheny, Rochester, Covington, Galveston.
She ahove notices show, that hy such incomplete school statistics, this classificatioi
also, cannot make a claim to correctness*
I A I b
G^^^HIOH
^EIIDPost . March 10th, 1396.
Foreign Languages!
- • • ' -
The management of tne Art Institute has an arrangment with Chicago University
to teach the pupils of the Art School in modern languages if so desired hy professors
of the University in German, French, Italian and Spanish.
•^v-"
I A 1 "b
gsh:.:au
A31:PJPGST , Febriipry 3rd, lsr9o.
orr7*/t
G-erman Lessons,
If the SchooloOcird sno^jld scceot the recom'rend^t^ ons, ^•^iicii have "been made "by
Mr. Thornton' s special comrittee in the !n?tters of the German lessons^ the GermaJi
teachers on the -oulDlic schools of Chicr.go may consider thernselves inactive in a few
years to come* The Conndttee will recomirend that the lessons in the Gerr.an Ipn^age
shall "be e^ven in the future "by the regular t'^achers. The G^rm^'i^'ji teacners would
have to -orove, that they eve glso atle to instruct in other matters ^nd give the
German lessons as a secondary siih^iect.
I A I "b
I A 1 a
II B 3
I C
A % *.-i *-i " "i -\ «^. *-.
T •^ T *> r> '^
A?envfor. t, ooXiuary .-^, ii-^o
In the PalDlic Schools Is Not
IJnda.ngered .
\
^•v
»!.!r. Thornton is a passioa-^-te and ai.foltious sentle'nuny said '.'r. Joseph '7. Errant
tod?-y to 9. reporter of this paper, "":'it, he in not the 3o^rd of Education.
His notion to submit the Crerman Depnrtment of Educational Affairs to an
investigation was a^ccerted ov the Connittee for a'^'^inistrative matters, and
Mr, Tr-oruton hlr.self will Jiirect the inquiries. Put on^ does not need, to
erit'^rt'^in any fear on account of this. Then the Co.^nittee nemhers look
closely at the numher of pu -ils v;ho oarticioate in C-errian in^tj'^jction in the
different classes, they rust the-r.selves cone to the co-delusion
^. ^ T
•^ T.
\j i. !.■
the
percentage is an extren^.ely large one. Tlie children of Ger-^cn p'^rents who half
way master C-ernan as a colloquial lanrua^^e learn how to read and write it,
at the Middle Schools. The cth-*r chil^.r^n who take up Oermcn lesi'ons, reqiiire
their preliminary in'^tmction which they can co'^'^lete in the High School until
they master the lan^aage entirely. Over there for instance, is sittiir a- younr
lady - r Mulatto hy the way - !'r, Err-^nt pointed to his secrctaryy-who here in
the Public Schools has obtained such r good knowledge of the C-erman language
th'-^t she was able to correct literary tr^rks of a well-knov^n C-errnan newspaper
editor ajid statesr.an, of gramrr.aticaJ. errors. In case Mr, Th'-^rnton should
"believe in earnest that the nor-e;^' for j-err.a.n inrti-^j'cti jii is entirely thrown
av/.^.y, I will -prove to him the contrary l-y the ex-r^ le of this young l?^dy«
3vt it is un'oelievahle that the ronrd c"^' Sducrtion will ar-ree to Mr. Thornton's
!Yhins» The German instnactio^ is for thic year not in danger aind, as the
"Board of Education in its present co^hination accepts r^aid reflates the course
of instruction, also not for the next yenr. Tlie future, of course, der^ends on the
nor^inations v^hach Mr-yor Srift will make during the suminer to fill the vacDncies."
"And r/hat is the status of the introduction of the 3ihle or of an extract of
it as an instr^iction hook for the Pj'^^lic Schools?"
l!r, -Errant sniled. "I do not "believe that for such a motion in the pre-^ent
School !Hoard, there could he int'^rested any more than four or five of the
tT;enty-one mer.hcrs", he said. **There never r;as an earne'^t t^.ou^ht given to such
a theory in Chicago, and therefore one doer^ not need to he excited ahout the petitions
of the Christian TTomen's Clrhs on the other side of the h'^use. :ln overwhelrring
majority of the School "Board l^'^hers is for G*:rict seraration of church and
school. Ar^aini^t the introduction o"^ the !?ihle or hihlical stories into the
Puhlic Schools are r^lso coasi^ilerations of other kinds. An efficient extract of
the !3il)le could hrrdly he conhined with-^ut ri-^inr; m'^nifold reasons for just
protests. Therefore also those Iravr their hands off thif:, who micht he
("^ \lj'!)?
-3-
A'^endrost, Jrnv^ry TO, 1S95
^U. ?)^
OFJ'.^'AK
prer)cssessed for the plan itself* The agitation that is -\')in<^ on ^;t present
in 'Turner and La^bor circles ajainst the "Intron-iction of the Bible" seems
to be "based on the f?lse sup'^osition that cno has to de'^1 rith a "r^^rctionary"
r^ajority of the School "^o-^rd* This is ahs^^lutely incorrect; still it should he
recorr.ended to the adversr.ries of the Sible af*. a text hook to talce heed tht?t
the resolutions are dra^n hy the r':^rice of people who rre sor.ewhat fav.iliar
v/ith the ^ramratical rules of the English lan^^a^e anr' are not uncultivated
enough to der.y any value whatsoever to the Bihle with its rich contents of
wise! 0:^1 £-nd trae poetry •"
"There is a co-^.plpint of soirie parents, !.'r» ^rrrnt, "that class teachers
dare to teach children certaii-. rtiligious perceptions."
"These people sh'-^uld make a coirl'^int to the School Su"''^erinteriient, and if this
^oes not help, either to the Board of Control of the district concerned or directly
to the Board of Tducaticn.
I A 1 t GERMAN
A^endpost, Januarj^ 16, 1896
ITOMBERS ARE PROOF
In yesterday's paper the expectation expressed, that the Superintendent
of German Instruction would very well he ahle to refute the attacks made
hy School Board Member Thorntion, against his department, is punctually
answered hy the lev. Zimmerraann, hy submission of the following numbers:
"In the four clasees of the Middle Schools, consisting of 49,181 pupils
altogether, not less than 24,346, that is nearly 50^, participlate in
German instruction". In the fifth grade with 19,956 pupils, 10,216 take
German instruction; in the sixth grade there are 7,050 of 13,147 pupils;
in the seventh grade 5,706 of 9,470 pupils. The eighth grade indeed shows
a notable decrease. Of the 6,708 pupils, only 1,374 pupils take German
lessons. This is explained by the overburdening of the pupils with pre-
parations for graduation and entry into High School. Very many teachers
advise those pupils who cannot get along in all branches, to drop tempor-
ily the "unnecessary" study of the German language and this advice is
obeyed.
This explanation of the state of affairs is plain and evident enough. May
it satisfy kr. Thornton and his supporters.
<ri
I A 1 1) SEBMAN
Abendpost, Jan. 15, 1896.
THE GEHMAK IITSTRUCTION -'
* • i
Mr. ^Jharles S. Thomtion, proposed yesterday to the school board committee
for administrative affairs, that an investigation should "be made atout what V;
real value instruction of the German languages has. ^t is given in the middle ?
classes of the public schools, with an anniial expense of about $125,000, and "
is under the supervision cf the Reverend Gustav A. Zimmermann. By giving a |-^
reason for his proposal, which was accepted by the committee, the petitioner 7^
could not deny himself the pleasure of landing a sly hint against the Savings
Committee, that chiefly consists of Germans. He says" it seems noteworthy
that this committee never made any recommendations for savings, in the German
Department, and also no reform proposals, although it is a known fact that
many of the children who participate in German lessons in the 5th class, quit
these later on, probably only because they can make no progress in learning
the language under the present system." The Rever?5nd Zimmerman: is expected
to be able to refute these open allusions against his expert ability so
splendidly, as the members of his parish as well as all others of his num-
erous admirers expect him to do.
I A 1 %
GSRllAN
Die Abendpost. Horember 26th, IggU;
HEWS raCW THE EVANSTQH UNIVERSITY
WPA(iLL)PROi-3027&
The "Ivanston Press", the only newspecper in Evanston, pobllshed yesterday an
editorial, which is praising the growing interest of Chicago Germans in the
achieyements of the Eyanston University. This flourishing University has a
German Department, of imich Professor Cohn is the superintendent*
Evanston has a growing colony of wealthy or well«to»do German residents, who
are sending their children by preference to the Evanston University» It is
this growing German element at the said University, which is attracting every
year more students of German parentage to Evanston from all over Chicago.
Professor Cohn has contributed enormously, by hi^ splendid supervising
activity, to further the good reputation of his German Department*
I A 1 b
GERMAN %
DieAbendpost, April 10, 1894. «:
GEEMAN SPEAKING COLOEED PEOPLE.
f
Mr. C. F. Adams, former professor of German, at the University of Louisville
Kentucky, has opened here recently a school of languages and is specializing 7r
in German introduction for Colored people. He has already a class of 62
Colored pupile of "both sexes for this particylar language -course.
latt night, Mr. Adams gave an entertainment to his Colored class at the Qu.inn
Chapel, Wahash and 24th Street. The chapel was filled to the last seat with a
Colored audience.
The program opened with the "nacht am Rhein" (Watch On The Rhine), sung by a
chorus of Colored boys. Then Miss J. Ferguson, a colored girl, recited Goethe* s
"Erlkoenig" in German. Other German songs and various recitals followed. The
entertainment proved the astonishing progress of the German language, among the
Colored people of Chicago, under Mr. Adams' guidance.
1. Jr 1 D
113
I c
vjriniaaw
Abendpost, November 6, 1893 •
• " •
Ho).d to your acquirements, (part of Editorial).
Only a year ago the Germans of Illinois and the neighboring Wisconsin had to
fight for a rights that should be evident, namely the right to let their children
he instructed in the German language at their own expense. The nativistic impu-
dence went so far, that they wanted to exterminate the German language entirely
even in church and private schools for which the government did not contribute a
single penny.
When the German citizens frustrated this plot, they were again offended from
another angle. Under the transparent pretext of releasing the public instruction
of all "fads', the nativists demanded the removal of that little German instruction
that was given in public schools. This time they were partly successful - chiefly
because some of the Germans assisted them for the reasons of "abstract justice".
This half victory gave them courage to make a test to subdue the German influence
entirely. With the assistance of the Germam voters themselves they hope to suc-
ceed with a triumph for genuine Americanism over the "foreigners". Germams slmll
help them to elect Judge Gary and to humiliate Governor Altgeld.
Exatctly the same newspapers that recommend the extermination of the German lan-
guage by force, stauid up for the candidacy ef Gary. Some of them are "candid"
I A 1 b
I r.3
Page 2.
aSRMAN
V w
\ V
enotagh to picture this man as the embodiment of all that they like to call genuine
American. • « • • • • .
I A 1 b
GEPavIAN
A35in3PCST . Septemlter ?lst, 1353.
Gerr.an Instruction.
WPA!!!l.)FftOj.302/,
The number of the miDils who prvrticiDate in G^rmr^n lessons, diminished con-
sideratly as compared with the previous y^ar. 3y this is meant only the uioiDer
clc.sses, RQ in th'^ lov.er ^r:;des G-ermen. is not tau^:ht an;-/ longf-r. 0^ the 2^5 German
teachers of last year, only 133 sre left in this capacity, Ur of them were engaged
for different English tranches of study.
I A 1 b
I F 3
GSRLLAN
Per Westent (111, Staata Zeitunf:^ S\xn. Ed>) July 23, 1893*
THE MAYOR ^INS. WPA (ILL) FHOJ. 30275
p* 4 - ISayor Harrison won, as we predicted last Tuesday. The battle of the
city council is now a past event, and the six gentlemen and li^s* Sheroan will
be approved by the board on Monday (tomorrow) eveniiig* The resolution of the
city council*s committee, ^ich recommended yesterday that all the nominations
be accepted, does not change matters in the least*
Halle and Uxs. Sherman will probably gain final approval after a prolonged
argument, even if 20 or 30 aldermen should vote against them* Mayor Harrison
will be triumphant and after next Monday the Germans will find that their
status has not been changed*
If the question should arise during the next year, whether gymnastics or German
should be taught again in the primary classes, we may expect only two favor-*
able votes* Bluthardt and Halle will be our only standard bearers* Thorn-
ton, Mrs* Sherman and members of the city council, ^o advocated the discon-
tinuance of the special branches last spring, are opposed to any changes now*
A reporter of the Staats Zeitung elicited some information from them; their
- 2 - GERMAN
Derjfesten, (Ill> Staats Zeitung^ Sun. Ed>) July 23, 1893^: »^^ ^ill) PRCJ.3Q27i
attitude is: **Let well enough alone*** ••• The prospects are, that in this
branch of our administration, we may only have three German-Americans on the
board by next year, instead of four or five«««*
The committee meeting of ths city council on school raatters, which ended with
the non-acceptance of Halle and the approval of all the others, was indeed a
storn^ session* Four aldermen, Ijartin, Tripp, Kamerling, and Knowles, were
conspicuous by their absence, emd the other committee members were held at
bay with the patronage-whip; all, except Noble, Sayle, and Kerr.*«» Grand-
iloquent ISadden^ as usual, danced to the tune of those who dole out the
most jobs*
Alderman Gallagher applied the only proper principle* He declared most em-
phatically, that the committee's only, concern must be to consider the char-
acter of the candidate and his qualifications; but the nominee's commitment
to any question is, and must remain an unquestioned privilege* The decision
on the German Instruction in the lower classes, should be submitted to a pub-
lic election and not to a half dozen aldermen*
Kerr and Noble dissented, and after a short debate the matter was put to a
vote* Gallagher's resolution to accept all the appointees, en masse, failed*
I A 1 b
. 3 . GSRMAN
I F 3
Der Tfesten, (111. Staats Zeitung, Sun» Ed.) July 23, 1893. ,,, , ru-pt or^yji,
.... Halle's nomination was defeated.
OEHNiAN
/o o\
I A 1 b
I C
Abendpost. July 19, 1«93.
THS BATTLE HAS STATT^KD
(Sditorisl)
There is a shart) dispute "between the M/^or and the City Council on account of 5
the nominations to the school board. The committee, to whom the l^^tter has been-rri
referred, hpd the imDudence to demand of the nominees the written promise that r-
they will not vote for the "Fgds." As the committee was diss^^tisfied with the ^
replies, an adjournment was tnken without even reporting on the nominations, o
About this, Mr, Harrison f^rew justly furious* He withdrew the entire list from ^
the City Council and immediately reproduced it in a changed form. The new list S
was immediately dismissed by the Council, but as it v;as not referred to the ^
same coT^mittee, who did not rerjort on the old list, it can, with a T:roDOsal
for reconsideration, again be ^ut to an immedi^^te vote. Likely, its acceptance
will occur. In any case, the Ma.vor gained his aims, that is, to take the matter
out of the hands of the impudent committee.
It is inconceivable thnt some Aldermen, who otherv/ise nre sensible, oermitted
- 2 -
&2H^!AN
Aliendrvost, July 19, IK93,
themselves to "be r^ushed into an obvious, untennble position. If the City
Council should "be allowed, by virtue of its ri^rht of r«tif ic?^tion, to investi-
gate the attitude of every c^ndidnte, so could also a HeDublicnn council refuse
all Democrpts who are nominated by a Democratic M??yorl In fpct the City Council
could prescribe all the nominations and t?iJce awpy entirely the power of nomina-
tion from the Mayor* Never before was the right of rectification interpreted
in this way. In so fpr as this has any sense at all, it should stand as a bul-
wark against the discretion of the hii^hest executive, or serve towards the
correction of plainly visible mistakes. Had the Ma,yor sent in disreputable
names or nominated ill-f?>med V/ard loafers to whom he owed t)ersone,l obligations,
then it would be the duty of the City Council to refuse ratification. But under
no circumstances is it entitled to use its right of ratification for the purpose
of enforcing a certain policy upon an entirely independent body such ps the
school board. The cnndid?^tes of the Mayor piT^ altogether, absolutely respectable
and of able judgement. They all hpve the desire to provide to the besit of their
ability for the in.provement of public school affairs. Axpectiri^ of them that
they in advance, even before part icip?" ting in any discussion of school board
effairs, should make written promises about the course they will follow, is
CD
CO
ho
(^ ti?'
l^
^,
- 7 -
GERI/Al^
Abendrost. July 19. 1^93 ••
ftrrog??nce that cannot "be tolerated.
Particularly objectionable is the attitute of some German aldermen In this
controversy. They mr>y foster the honest conviction thnt German instruction
in the lowest elementary grades is useless. But this is in no way an excuse
for their collaboration with neople who want to remove entirely the teaching
of German and who also want to do away with instruction in gynjiscticst drawing
and singing. Would there ever be fm English- American, Irishmsm, Czech, or
Pole who would give himself awoy to work into the hands of the enemies of his
race? The German aldermen who now help the Germnn-haters only make themselves
contemptible with them. If they continue as they h?^ve berun, then they will
bring it about that the Germans, who r^re nef^rly one-third of the entire popu-
lation, are not represented at nil upon the school board.
o
Oil
as
in
I A 1 1)
I F U
I K
GERIvIAlI
A'bendr)Ost, July 12th, 1393.
City Council Meeting
Mayor Harrison tries to Carry Through The Ratification
of His Nominees for School Board.
His petition was rejected with thirty eight against
twenty-five votes,
Mr. Halle and Mr. Thornton Refuse To Make Promises.
Mayor Harrison suffered a defeat in yesterday's meeting of the City Council. He
tried to force through the school hoard's nominations, made hy him, hut met with the
sharpest resistance from the City C^ijincil. His nominations were rejected hy ^^ to
25 votes. If the Mayor has considered a notion made hy Alderman Ernst, not to vote
on the entire list on the whole, his defeat would have well heen averted. Then, most
prohahly, all his nominations, with the excet)tion of Mrs. Sherman's would have T)assed«
It is known that most of the Aldf^rmen doni: want to have any female members on the
Schoolhoard. But as all nominations were sug^rested for a final accet)tonce, most of the
aldermen preferred to defeat the entire list hefore giving the nomination to a wo^n.
Page 2.
'^Ik.
GERIvON
Al^endnost. July IStn, 1393*
It was learned that, the siDecial committee of the City Council for School affairs,
when discussini^ the list of the school hoard nominations, has gone in a very iDeculiar
way into action. It was demanded of the newly aiDnointed School Board members, tha.t
they should promise not to suDr^ort the re-introductlon of German instruction and
special education in the lower classes of the puhlic schools and at the same time it
was indicated that only ur^'er this condition would their nomination he recommended
for confirmation by tne Special-Committee. As some of the nominees rejected this
demand angrily, the committee resolved in its meeting yest'^rday afternoon, to abstain
from maJcing any recomm^ndr^tions for ratifi<"ation o:^ any nomination at the present time,
Mayor Harrison, who evidently was not in record with the conduct of the S-oecial-
Committee tried therefore to obtain the ratification without the recommendrtion of
the Committee. In last nigjit's meeting he TDoirted out that 2 weeks ago he submitted
to the ST)ecial Committee the list of the new nominations. As same were not verified
as yet, he said, he withdrew this list and ^^resented to the council a new list with
the request that they accei^t it at once, if r^ossible.- But the new list contained
the same names as the former.
Page 3.
%
QSS1!M
ATjendpost. July 13th, 1893,
Hardly haci the Mayor finished spe3;^ing, when an enormous tumult started. All the
Aldermen were suddenly on their fe^t, each one trying: to be heard. All yelled con-
fusedly "but none of them could be understood. The Aldermen Kent, Swift and Martin
accused the llayor, th;=t he infringes on his authority, -^or he has no right to with-
draw BX^ affair from a committee. But Harrison stuck' to his or)inion and insisted
upon a vote over his nominat'ons. The result was that, as before stated, 25 Aldermen
voted for and 38 against the ratification.
Alderman Ryan m^Ae a motion, to re-consider the resolution by ^^^ich the ratificatior
of the nominations was re-Tused, but before it came to a vote over this, a motion for
adjournment was brouf^ht in and also accer)ted. The entire meeting lasted hardly one
hiilf hour.
In the meeting held yesterday afternoon by the SDecial-Comnittee for School af:^airs
a letter was received from three of the newly aiorjointed members of tne School board in
which complying with the request of the committee, they stated their attitude to the
special subjects and German instruction.
Page U,
/-•^
.A
/ ^'
o:
" 'dH
■ A'
%
^
GERlOjr
^bendjoost, July 13th, 1393»
Mr, Halle refused to make any "orODises, Here are tue contents of his letter,
that he has addressed to Aldrrrann Tripp:-
Dear Sir:-
I learned from the newsT)aT>ers, that you take an int'^rest in my nomination as
a memlDer of the school hoard anr^ have furtner learned th^^t, in ord^r to secure the
ratification of my nomination, "oromisrs concerning my future attitude are expected.
While I thank you for the expression of your int'=^rest, I feel compelled to make the
statement, that I do not find it in ord-' r to make any promises whatsoever. Ky way .
of acting in the school hoard was dictated solely hy my convictions concerning a
proper educational system, which, rr^sts unon careful observations in this and other
countries, ami in the helief , that the American neonlft in exercising their own in-
telligence and in their hounc^less generosity towards the puhlic schools, do not
desire, to restrict the educa.tion of their chilc^ren to the rudiments of the three
"H* s" . I stand hy this, my conviction, and, as the acceptance of an office on the
Schoolhoard in the best case is hut an thankless execution of a duty to the public,
it is my wish you would, when considering my nomination, proceed in such a way that
ny attitude cannot be misunderstood.
Pa^e 5.
^ AlpendDOst, July 12th, 1?93.
But I can herdly "believe, that the City Conncil will make the atteniDt to t)revent
a representation of the German-AiriPrican element of our cosTnor>olitan city on the School
"board, or to influence its mem"bers over the free unlimited practice of their honest
conviction.
(Signed) G. Halle
Mr. Thornton declared also, 'hat he does not wr.nt to make any Dromises; rather he
would prefer to renounce this r)ost in case the right to follow his own conviction
should "be taken from him.
T. Keane stated Dlainly in a few words that he or)r)oses all si^ecial educational
"branches.
Of the memhers of the S-oecial-Conuriittee, Alderman IToble particularly worked
against the ratification of the nominations. He claimed that they were made "by the
Mayor to -oay off t)olitical d'^'bts. He tried in every possible way to Torevent the
recommendation of the nominations, and finally succeeded in "bringing ahout bji ad-
journment of the meeting, "before any resolutions could "be made.
I A 1 "b GEBtAN
Abend£Ost^uly 15th, 1293- WPA (III) PROJ^ 30275
The Instruction in German
Statistics of the last School Year.
According to the .joist T)u'blished rjinual re-oort of the Superintendent, Dr. Zimraer-
mann, UU,270 pupils participated in the past School yee?r in German instruction, which
was given by 258 teachers. Of these figures I6 teachers and lUhg pupils come to the
eleven high schools and 2U2 teachers and U2,S2^ T)upils to the Grammar and Primary
grades. Of the total 18,558 were of German origin, 13f677 of Anglo-American, and
12035' of Swedish, Bohemian, etc. descent. The average daily attendance at the
primary a^d grammar grades in which the pupils could Dartici-oate in the German
instruction, amounted to 69f338f and 3'+f5^^7 of these or 50 5 studied the German
language.
I A 1 b
GERiMAII
Abendpost. Jxily lUth. 1833. WPA (ill.) PRC-J. 30275
Against Gen.ion Instruction.
All the nem'bf^rs of the Speclil Committee of the City Council f "r school matters,
seem to take a hostile attitide towrrds the re-o-oening of Germaji instruction and
special studies in the lower grades of t. e t>ublic schools. In yesterday's meeting
the committee decided to reco-rrend none of Mayor Harrison's school nominations for
ratification, if the nominees do not pledge themselves, to follow tr.e view point
pledged for hy tar Committee,
Against the Broker Rohert Lindhlom* s nomination not the smallest objection was
made. All the City fathers, who, a short tim.e ago were "battling him, have all of a
sudden become his friends. On the other side it was chiefly Alderman Tripp, who
opposed the nomination of Mrs, ^^^^^sn. He declared tha.t against Mrs. Sherman
personally, he ha.d no objections to make, but tkiit a. woman a.s a member of the
School board is not in the right place. The members of the Committee were divided
in their opinion. Although the majority of them sided with AldermaJi Tripp, still
the ratification of the nomination is not fully included, because as it is said
Page 2.
gb3i.:aii
Aut^ndTDOst, Jiry lUth, 1393-
the City Council will receive teeides the majority rer^ort, also p. minority report,
in which the ratification sm^ll he recommended, etc.
1 b
GERMAN
III A
I C Illinois Staats Zeitung, July 8, 1893. y;pA (ILL) FROJ.. ^02/5
THE SCHOOL FIGHT.
The xAtivistic press expresses its jubilation in all the notes of the scale
on account of the kicks which the mayor gave the Gernans, and of late these
news-mongers have becoms so rowdy ish, that they now even demand the revoca-
tion of Robert Lindblom's appointment •
Lindblom is a capricious chap, but the opinion prevails that he is friendly
towards the German interests} has liberal, modem, progressive views, cuid,
among the seven appointees, is the best, next to Halle* Therefore his, and
of course Halle *s, Keane^s and Breiian*s nominations should be confirmed, by
all menas; the other three, Thornton, Cameron and Urs* Sherman never!
The Germans, and their friends, who believe in a modern education, must now
place their sole hope and reliance on the City Council, after **their Carter**
left them so dismally in the lurch. We must buckle down to a new school fight,
at once and without delays The men who formerly appealed to the Germems in
order to have the German language taught in the private schools and found
courageous response, should rally to the support of the dearly purchased
privilege, now that its continuance is jeopardized in the public schools*
- 2 - GSRIIAN
Illinois Staats Zeituog. July 8, 1893. \\/p.\ (IIL) P'^W* 30271
The people should voliuiteer and help out of gratitude, do it with alacrity
and pleasiore* It is time, that Chicago *s Gercans becaioe aroused again and
gave such "confidence men" as Carter H. a convincing and lasting reminder.
If the appointments are sustained, then the dissenters will be safely afloat
on the high tide and ere long we'll be in the same fix as the trusting,
dumb St. Louis Germans, who found out that German instruction and gymnastics,
which had been adopted there, in the public schools, after prolonged and weary
efforts, were simply discontinued.
The German population of Chicago can, if it is united, change this rout
which Conniver Carter planned for them; Germanism may emerge victoriously.
Of course, euphonious expressions of thanks don't help, (the editor refers
to a precendent, translator.) but the Germans can exert pressure on the alder-*
men, at least on the majority of them, so that they will not dare to confirm
the appointments of Cameron, Thornton and }irs. Sherman. Carter H. Harrison
can, thus, be compelled to select staunch advocators of a modem educational
system.
The aldermen can all be informed. They should be admonished, that the Germans
will not support them at the polls if they ignore the wishes of the German
population in an important matter, such as this!
- 3 - GZni-lAN
Illinois Staats Zeitung^ July 8, 1893. H'P.A (fLl.) Puf.j ':q-'v;.,
Could any one be more antagonistic towards Germanism th^n Charles Thornton?
That he defended his prohibition ideas even at Jemocratic meetings, that he
helped frustrate all the efforts of the ICnglewood and Hyde Park liberals v/ho
tried to abolish temperance, all this might be condoned. But Thornton is
the father of the **anti-fad** fight; he commenced it at the Comity School
Council, and therefore "our" Carter's official action appears so supremely
pro-German I Thornton v/as barely elected to the County School Board, two
years ago, when he declared his relentless war against Col. Parker and the
Normal School.
For many years Col. Parker was the only man among Chicago's prominent peda-
gogues, \iho had a definite goal and introduced the special branches at the
Normal schools. He selected educators of progressive educational ideas from
the seminaries; recently he added the well kno'.vn German teacher of gymnastics,
Kroh, and with the support of the Turners, (German Gymnastic Associations,)
agitaged for the construction of a gymnasium.
Only a few weeks ago he appeared as a speaker at the Central 'Jusic Kail, where
he condemned the backwardness of the nativistic faction and their conceptions
of educational principles. This Thornton showed virulent animosity against
Parker and his pedagogical methods; he even demanded his dismissal, printed
- 4 - GBRIIAN
Illinois Staats Zeitun^, July 8, 1893. "^^^ ('LL,) FROJ,oQ275
derogatory circulars about him, instigated an investigation. This Thorn-
ton was chosen by Harrison - irrefutable evidence of the insincerity of
his fawning pro-GeriTianism.
And Cameron? He was that single Democrat vAio not only voted for the cur-
tailment of the special branches, but wanted them thrown out altogether,
Messrs. Halle, Stern and others, implored Harrison to protect the Germans
from Cameron, and not to nominate him. He was appointed.
ifir^r .(Lf a^..^!^..^* .'^j<k<K.i^»
I A 1 t
Abendbosjb, Jiily 3> 1^9 3 •
NEW SCHOOL SUPERVISORS
On Wednesday evening, Mpyor Harrison will submit to the City Council the n^^mes
of the newly «TDpointed members of the school bonrd. On July 1, the terms of
the followiii^ school supervisors will em ire: John McLaren, Thom.«?s Brennan,
Daniel N. Cameron, ?• Groetz, S. A. (xunderson, Edwprd &• Halle, and !I. J. Keane.
It is rumored that the gentlemen Halle, Brennan, and Cameron will be reaiDDointed;
not so McLaren and Gunderson who proved to be enemies of G-erman lessons.
i
I A 1 b
Illinois Staats-Z.eitunr, Ju^e 13, 1893.
^Pf\ (ILL* HhO.U027i'
GiTiZ:^:s FrtinsTr^ !3I,:o'i^!dut: to u-yoi. h^.r:^isqit;
IJTOR ^iv.iS 7ir!G on i:ist:^jg?ioit o? a::.>i.:^Ji
The follovjin^ people, re^resontinr: about seventy Gemar "Jlubs and
societies, prerented Llayor Ilarrinon v;ith a nenorandum: Llessrs. I^. Stern,
J, Goldzier, G. A. Gchinidt, J. P. Hand, 0. L. ./uir-^eber, L. Schutt,
Th, Naerup, L, 0. Kohtz, and Ph. llcehler.
The nenorandun ha? a splendid appearance. It is bound in blue leather
trirriTied in silver.
It refers to the :r:aintcnance of the special branches of study, particularly
the instruction of Gernan in public schools.
_ O _ 0"^"^' ■ ■ TT
Illinois Staats-r^.eitunrr, June 15, 1095. WPA (!!( ,i ■•-RQi. ,^;027f'
Inc'uclin:; the oa^^es on v.hich appear the signatures of re:\'»"es3ni:atives
of Gsman clubs and societies, it contains nearly one hundred p: ges.
The work is er.bellish.ed vvith a pen and ink ii-'ketch of the iriayor, and
bears the follo.'in,^ inscription on a plr.te of silver:
''The friends of the nev; educational syston to Carter !!• Harrison.^
It pc=ys tribute to the liiayor fcr his interest in a progressive
school systen, in accord v;ith the desires of the G-errnans* This v;as
nanifest in his fi/st appcintir.ont of a nev; rnerriber to the School Bor.rd.
Tlie arguments of the opponents have proven to be unsound and faulty,
and an urrent ap-^eal is addressed to hin, requestinr his co-operation
mth the best elements of the citir.ens "^or the prevention of a lo^verin;^
of oduc'^-':ional st ndards, r-.nu to protect our system of public schools
- 3 - GERMAN
Illinois Staats-Zeitung, June 13, 1893. "rA (la.) ^^:>
from becoming poverty-stricken institutions*
Mr. Stem handed the memorandum over with a brief address in which he
expressed the sentiment of the Germans about this important matter.
Mayor Harrison replied that, as mayor, he would always have the interest
of the schools at heart, and that, edthough he may differ in some points
with the opinions of the committee, he also favors a good education*
He also pointed out that the School Board should pay more attention to
incumbent business affairs, than to the inner management of the schools.
Furthermore, he hinted at a proposal, which would remove financial
difficulties, thus frustrating the arguments of the enemies of German
instructions.
."^u«:'/!
- 4 -
a^HTim
Illinois otaatG-ZiGituixCf June 1^3, 189:3 ♦
WPA (lU.) FRi.i -^r
Another rscorrjaendation nadQ by the riayor v;as that students of Gei^nan
attending schools v/hDre only a few particip-ite in G-erraan classes
should be assigned to these districts Tvhere the number of students
is larger^ He did not disclose any further details a jout his intentions,
but promised merely thr.t ho v/ould study the contents of the rnemorandum,
and give the matter consideration as soon as possible •
I A 1 T) GSa-IAN
III B 2
jj g 2 Abendpost, May 15 » 1^93 •
FOR H>ja^>:in?ioiT or special DEP.A.-^TNr-nn^s
The Agitation Committee for the retention of special depr»rtments in the public
schools held a meeting? uesterd?iy in Jun^r's Hqll, ^t which reDresentrtives of
forty-eight different societies njid lodges took r)art, ^
The object of the meeting w?^s to deliberate on ener.^etlc ?=»ction to be t^ken F^
a^^siinst the interference of the nf^tivlstic elements into school ?>ff?^irs, -^^
Mr. Ma:c Stern, the president of the Committee, wps the first sneaker, pnd S
pointed to the fact thnt Iteyor Harrison Droved himself to be ^ friend of the
Germans by ppr)ointi^°r Mr. Kean, a well-known symp^^tidzer of the Germaji cr>use,
as a member of the school boards To express their thanks to Mayor Harrison
for this act, Mr. Stern, declared the committee, drew ud a letter of annreci?^-
tion to be submitted to the Mayor. Furthermore, Mr. Stern pointed out the
necessity of erecting a Turner Hall in the ITormal school and requested all those
present to si^ a letter to the County Board to contribute 31,500 for the erec-
tion of a gymnastic h^^ll. After some debating?:, Mr. Stern's su^^estion wps
o
CO
- 2 - &EHMAIT
A"bendT)Ost, Ma;/ In, li'S'^.
accer)ted «^nd the sir^nin.^ of the document "be^^ji. Mr, Blum ^rortosed the foundings:
of p Tjermanent orgpniz.qtion to s^fe^^aprd the interests of the Qrerm^ns in the
public schools* The nro:oo:7al met with little fc?vor nnd it w?^s resolved to ^
refer the whole matter to the A.^it<^tion Committee. 5
To give fill those societies, who were not represented f^t yesterday's meetings:, p
an opportunity to participate in the movement, the Committee issued the following^
appeal: To the German Lod.ees and Societies of the City of Chicpco, who were not g
represented at yesterday's meeting called in the m^^tter of st^ecial deiDartments
in the loublic schools, we herewith m^ke the request to direct their Dresident
or appointed representative to call on Mr, Max Stern 8U-86 Fifth Avenue, to c?v
receive his instructions in a very imrjortant matter affecting this c«ase.
By order of the meeting.
Max Stern, President
Louis A, Kohtz, Secretary
^-;
I A 1 b
I r 4
Chica o Tribune, Aur, 28, 1893. v
'^'.
"c ?L'"3TCR': g:]:ri.:an.
If School Inspector H'-lle is to be believed the victory of t?ie anti-faddist at
the Board of lljducacicn neetin,r^ "'ednesda;- ni-^ht is only temporary. He said to
i-hein: *'I.':.y6r Harrison \:ill appoint rnen^bers on this board next July v/ho will
vote to put back Gerrnr n in the primary grades, "'e have had our '7atr3rloo.
Yours is coiiiinr'".'*
Lr. Halle was somewhat excited, but he probably cpoke froi. the book.. He sup-
ported Hr. Harrison durin.^^ the recent campaign. It was reported at the time
that Hr. Harrison i:Hd" hira sorae piedj;];es in rexorence to German. Since the
election Hr. rialle, I.Iax Stern, and Richard Ilichaelis have assured the German
teachers in the schools t}-iat Germ-n would be maintained to the same extent ±a
the schools as in the nasi.. One of the three luis •■';one zo the extent of savin;^
tl'^t Hayor Harrison will not appoint *-ny member of the joard of .l^ducaoion not
sat is I act or-"- to tlie comiiittee of three - meaninr IIic}iaelis, Halle '-n^ 3tern.
It is cert-:. in that t.o of the three gentlemen named, Stern and Hallo, iiiter-
vio'ed H. J. Y.'iv.ne last "unday or I.^ondav, and that Keane's name had not
been sent :o the Council unr.il they had conferred v;ith I.Iavor Harrison about it.
I A 1 b
I F 4
Chic a o r r i b une , \r> r
■8
1 PC-';
:3o
Kea2i*-3 chan.'^ed his viev;s bet\/i.'en Saturiuy and Monday, too, and \ms introduced
in the School "^oard ".redncsdriy evening; by L.r, Halle, and he voted under the
direcGion of rialle every time.
But it is not so certain that Gerraan ..'ill oe restored go its old plac . There
were only seven : embors zo defend xhe study '.'odnrjGdn.y. There ^vere eleven
against. Inspector Rocemih-.'.l v/ho vris absent on account of the illness of his
child, v/ould have voted '.vith the eleven iiad ho been present* liispector Bren-
naji, \;ho ;/as absent, mi'^ht }:ave voted v/ith the seven, but he v;ould have done
so most reluctantly. He will riardly vote to restore the study.
liessrs. Trude, Cusack and Du^ean are disT?osed "uo think that the action of
'.Tednosday re':uited in a fair co::xDroi:.i3e. They are v/illinp; to let the i.atter
stand. There are tliose v;ho say l.r. Keane voted against his own convictions
Wednesday ..o please !'avor Harrison. Tould he do so a^ain and restore the
study?
The renbers -t^io retire in July are Uessr.::. IIcLar n, Cameron, Sunderson, Halle,
Goetz, '^renian and Heane. The first three named voted zo oust German from the
prii.iary pirade. Two of the three, McLaren and Caineron, are certain to be
I A 1 b - 3 -
I F 4
Chica^-Q Tribune ^ /ipr, ;j8, 1893,
re-appointed by the Tayor, It i=^ not co certain ohat all the faddists v/ill
be narked.
Unless I.'ayor Harrison i-.aV-^s a sr^eci'^l efrort .lerrnn v;ili not be restored in
the ori'iari' ^rades. It is beli^vod b-' soi-'.e t::at v;hen Ilailo, lal:ienv/ork and
Blirthardt calii. down thev -.iii decide to let t'o . attyr rest. As to the
other fads t}-e report is al .ost Cj*:"tain ^o bo a:;optea m an i:irjroved forn.
Clay rnodelin;: and seT:in;- v/ill be v/holly abolished,...
It is inti. at d tliat the Gern-^.n laembers of the board are disposed to -chink
that the disfavor in v.hich the rernin lanr^ua^-^e is held in the schools is due
"oo T^he German Superintendent, Z i:.]irie rnan , and that there \/ill be an :: f fort to
remove him. Trie German press treats l!r. "imriernnn rather coldly.
A member oi the School Board, ho^vevcr, sr?id: "Ziirjaeriran is not to blame. Ger-
man is ':he stepchild of the scl^ools. J^v.jrvbodv cakes a kick at it. It is
im^nossible to teach with efficiency as 50 v.er cent of the class teachers are
hostile to it .**
Llayor I'arrison said: "I donH want to t-.-lk on that subj cL now. I have other
^
I A 1 b - 4 - <y:m:^ -^
I F 4
Chicago rribune, Apr. ^i8, X8'^3. ^
v/ork to do •••Subsequently he delivered a discourse en the subject, but no- c
' body couid make out exactly v/here h^ stood.
I A 1 b
GERMAN
WPA (ILL) PROi v.'/,
Illinois Staats-Zeltung. Apr. 27, 1893. ' **
GEiaiAN INSTRUCTION DISC0I3TINUED IN THE PRIMAHY" CLASSES OF PDBLIC SCHOOLS
At its last meeting the school board decided to discontinue the teaching
of German in the primary classes of our public schools. In vain did the
minority of the school board, and in particular, the German members,
Halle 9 Bluthardt, Boldenweck, and F. Goetz, put up a rigorous and obstinate
battle. At the beginning of the next semester the German language will
not be taught anymore in the primary classes, unless the new members of the
school board, soon to be appointed by Mayor Harrison, repeal the ordinance*
This is what the nativists have accomplished with their fight against the
so-called fads*
Here is the report. We may as well state right here that this report will
be accepted at the next meeting of the school board.
I A 1 b - 2 - Giiai^lN
Illinois Staats^Zeitung, Apr. 27, 1893.
m^ %IlQ pro:. 30275
The Report
After considering the different motions, previously made in regard to
the special branches, the report continues:
The Committee of School-Management obtained the opinion of the director
of schools, of his assistants, as well as of the teachers and of eminent
pedagogs. It also has taken under consideration the statements of the
press and periodicals. Being in possession of all this information, the
committee arrived at the following conclusion: All of these various
branches of study under consideration have a certain educational value,
and, therefore, should not be completely abolished.
On the other hand, however, these special branches of study are now taking
up too much of the pupils' time, and this often to the disadvantage of the
more important studies* The committee, therefore, came to the conclusion
I A 1 b - 3 - G2RMAN
Illinois Staats-Zeitung. Apr. 27, 1893. WPA (ilL.) PRfl 3027:
that these special branches of study should be continued, though with
certain modifications.
As far as the study of German is concerned, the committee points to the
report which has been already submitted.
Gymnastics should be continued in the prim^^iry and grammar classes as long
as it is of a recreational nature ♦
Drawing should be discontinued in the lowest grade. The teaching of clay
modelling and painting should be discontinued in the three lov/est grades.
Instruction in drawing is to be curtailed in the second and third grade*
I A 1 b , - 4 - GBHMAN
Illinois Staats-»Zeit\in^> Apr. 27, 1893 • Wt^A (l^u,; ri^^....^-.
Singing should be maintained in all grades^ Technical instruction in
music is to be discontinued in the first and second grade* ••
Sewing is to be completed at the end of one semester*
Instruction in manual skill is to be retained in all the four schools
of Lake View No* 2, Foster, Jones, and Tilden...
1
I A 1' b
GEBaMAN
Abendnost. Apr* 27f 1893*
A VICTOHY K)H TK3 OPPOFj{)NTS
Teaching of the German Language in the Primary Grades Will Be Abolished S
Eleven Members of the School Board for Rer^eal and Seven Against It ^
The Teaching of Special Subjects Shall Be Limited "^
The enemies of German teaching succeeded in yesterday's meeting of the School Ig
Board to win a victory after a hard fight* At the expiration of this school- 2
year there will be no more teaching of German in the primary grades. This co
resolution was accepted at last night's meeting by a vote of eleven against C3
seven. The only possibility to frustrate the execution of this decision now ^
lies in the hands of Mayor Harrison who h?^s to apnoint seven more board members
this year. If these members support the German teaching, there is still hope
that the subject could be retained in the primary grades. Yesterday's meeting
of the School Board was a very stormy one and rich in lively debates. Step
by step, the enemies of the German teaching and the other special instructions
had to win their victory and only the energetic resistance of Messrs. Halle,
Tnide, Bluthardt, Boldemweck, Cusack, Duggan, and Keane can be thanked that
I A 1 1) - 2 - aERMAK
AbendDOst, Apr. 27f 1^93»
the GermaJi teaching has not "been altogether abolished. All board members ^
were present with the exception of Messrs. Brieman, Goetz, ^nd Rosenthal. 2
When the question of teaching German w?>s raised, two reports v/ere submitted ^^
by the Committee on School Management, a majority and a minority report. r^
The first one, signed by Halle, Duggan, Trude, Cusack, and Miss Burt, recom- no
mends the retaining of the German language in all grades, while the minority o
report by Wm. H. Beebe asks for the elimination of German instruction in the l^
primary grades. Immediately after the latter report wf»s rend, Mr. H?»lle asked S
for the floor, and strongly ch'^mpioned the cause of German teaching. He ^
pointed to a t)etition signed b2^ 36,000 citizens and taxpayers, all of whom
desire the retention of German, and he called special attention to the advan-
tages which a knowledge of the German l^^nguage offers. "Who was it who wanted
the abolition of the German language? The maejority of the taxpayers certainly
do not. The demand comes from only a fev newsT)?pers and individuals who have
no understanding of the value of the German language."
At the close of his speech, Mr. Halle r)roposed a resolution vhich recommended
I A 1 b - "^ - GE-I^JUT ^
AbendTDOst, Apr« 27, IS93. F
that the question "be referred back to the School Board with the request that ^
a reoort be submitted at its next meeting, in the hor)e that efforts will be 2
majde to submit a plan that might be approved by the School Board. This resolu-g
tion provoked a lively debate. Dr. Blutharde refuted the assertion of the Cj
Beebe report that the reasons which necessitated the introduction of German ^
teaching thirty years a^o do not exist any more. Mr. Boldemweck called the
School Board's attention to the fact that in case the object was to save money,
the Board should begin with the high schools, which rare mostly attended by chil-
dren of rich parents. Mr. Trude, who as an American also interceded in behalf
of the German language, declared that German lan<enia^:e instruction could not be
considered as one of the "fads," against which war v;as declared. But all efforts
on the part of the friends of German were of no avail, ^flien it came to a vote,
the report of Beebe was accented by a majority of eleven to seven.
The following voted to abolish the German langxiage instruction in the primary
grades, i.e., in favor of Beebe 's ret)ort: D. R. Cameron, Mrs. J. M. Flower,
W. D. Preston, J. J. Badenock, A. H. Hevell, W. H. Beebe, C. V. Stanford,
I A 1 b - U - GEKMAN
t
Abendbostf Apr, 27, 1293.
G. L. V/arner, S. T. Gunderson, J, P. Mpllette, J. McLs^ren. The following
who opposed: W. Boldemweck, F. C^. Halle. M. J. Kenne, P. H. Du^^^an,
!• J* Bluthardt, T. Cusack, A. S. Tnide.
CO
ro
^^
en
I X 1 b GSK-IAN
«
SCHOOL AFFAIRS
The question p"bout the retention of teaching of the German langua^^e in the y>
public schools co'ild not he decided even pt yesterday's meeting of the School p:
BoflTd because the following members: Boldemweck, Hf^lle, Trude, and Duggan, C
left after finishing routine matters and not enough members remained to Dass gg
a resolution* 2
Previously it was resolved to send a letter of condolence to the family of [^J
Louis Nettlehorst. A copy of the resolutions should be attached to the ^
minutes and another forwarded to the family.
I A Lb
GERMAN
III A
minois Staats-Zeitung, Mar. 30, 1893 • WPA (ILL.) pROJ. 30275
FOR INSTRUCTIONS IN GSRM&N.
The Snglisb-Amerlean nativlstic element reveals again its hatred of all
foreign^born American citizens, and, in particular, the Germsuis of this
city. Scribbling school marms and childish editors have expressed their
attitude in certain papers of the English-speaking press# They have stated
that they are going to fight bitterly against those branches of study in
our public schools, which are highly appreciated by those Americeui naturalized
citizens, who have had the benefit of European education and culture • Their
attack is directed against German instruction, in the lower grades, as
a preliminary measure, and also against gymnastics, drawing, and vocal
music •
I A 1 b - 2 - GERMAN
III A
Illinois Staat8>26itungt Mar> 30, l893. . WPA (ILL) PROJ. 30275
Inasmuch as this attack is directsd against the strong position of the
Gomans in public affairs, it becomes a political matter, which can not
be settled at the ballot-box, because the decision rests with school
board, which is not elected by the people, but is appointed by the mayor*
Som6 of the questions to be taken into consideration in this controversy
aret
1. What weight have the desires of more than 40,000 men and women
of all nationalities favoring the continuance of German,
gymnflistics, drawing, and singing^ against the senseless out*
cry of a comparatively small part of the population?
2* Of what importance is the knowledge of the German language
in Chicago* s industrial and commercial life?
I A 1 b - 3 - 6ER1IAN
III A
WPA (ILL) PROJ. 30275
Illinoia Staats^'Zeitung, Mar» 30, l893*
3» What educational values does the study of the German
language offer, according to eminent English-Americeui
educators and some of the most highly educated Germem-
Americans? What authoritative value have the viewpoints
of these capable, f cur-seeing men in comparison with the
opinions of the nativistic, narrow-minded school marms
and their male adherents or followers?
4# What value is placed upon the estimate of peirents, whose
8>934 children are now takiog German lessons in the fourth
grade, and, who have already passed the third grade? What
do these parents think about the usefulness of German in
the third and fourth grade of our public schools? If these
parents were not convinced of the advantages of this sub-
ject they would have their children discontinue its study*
I A 1 b - 4 - GERMAN
III A
Illinoie Staats-Zeitung. Mar. 30, l893. WPA (ILL) PRO J. 30275
5* Shall the public schools of Chicago, the metropolis of the
Vest, be reduced to the standard of a New England village
school?
6* Shall not the children of the poor receive the same edu->
cation in our public schools as the children of the rich,
who usually receive these special instructions in the fifth
and sixth grades?
To say "no** to the last question would remind one of the famous saying
of Vanderbilt, **The public be damnedl*^
If the school board considers these and similar questions fairly and
honestly, rejecting the narrow concepts of the nativists, it will not
be able to refuse the request for the continuation of German instruction
and the other studies mentioned*
I -
I Al V
IBIHDPOST. March 2l8tt 1893*
GBRMAH
WPA (ILL) PROJ. 30275
Meeting Of The Sehoolhoard.
\ \^!; Vo deelelon yet aboat the teadiing of German*
The decision as to the qaestlont whether the Oennan langaage Is to be tan^t in the
Pxiblic ^ehoolsy did not occur eren during last nightie meeting of the Schoolhoardt _
bat was postponed another week« The meeting turned out to he very interesting* , ^ ^
^Besides a nomher of citisenSt the ladles committeet headed by Mrs. Oertenherg and •
i-9L few more ladles were present* After discharging the usual routine^husiness ■--^:^'
matters, the Schoolhoard member* Mr« Halle, Introduced the Congressman, Mr, Julius
Ooldsier* The latter presented a petition signed by 39000 citisens, in faTor of / /
retaining the German langaage in the schools* which proredt that the morement was ^
not the expression of a small fraction of the people only* In a lengthy speech, y^
he exhorted the members of the Schoolboard* to do thetr duty, which in the present ^^
case consisted of cMplying with the wishes of a large class of mitisens and tax* "
payers* Mr. Ooldsier* s speech was loudly acclaimed* which compelled the President
to declare, that such demonstrations at the Schoolboard* s meetings were out of placsb
■ < ■"■■
\
<- - • t
<
Mrs GeriteBl>erg also submitted a petition, signed "by 5n00 women; Thowis Morgan
O -V.
Page 2.
I Alb
iBBHBflPOBT. March 21st. 1893<
mmm^mmmBSmm
WPA(!LL) PRO]. 30275
subaitted another one of the Trade and Labor Aeeeaiblyt the Central Labor Unlon» the
Soclallet Labor party and the Hachlnlsts Union Ho, 16* Slnilar petitions were also
subnitted by Hiss Burt* The Conmittee which was entrusted with the deliberation
in the Batter of the retention or repeal of the special teaching classest handed,
in a aajority and a minority report* The foner was signed by the Schoolboard
aemberss Halle Dnggan, Trudy, Cusadc and Miss Burt, and supported the retention^ -f
of deman teaching in all classes. The other supported the opposite, and bore the
signature of Schoolboard Benber Beebe« if ter a lengthy debate, in idiich different piO
proposals were made and rejected, it was agreed, that the final decision in tha^^_ ,,^
Batter of special teaching, should be arriVed at the regular aeeting next Monday* ^ ^>
▲t the close, a repprt of the Cosmittee for Buildings and Real Estate was accepted^
which proposed^he erection of the following schoolbuildingst Building containing .
7S rooBS on JBholto Streett between Good and Bette Streets, costing $70,000»
Building with I3 rooas on Tulton Street and California Avenue, costing $60,000*^
An addition with nine rooBs on the Tedder Street School, costing $U3,000.-* -
Another one with 6 rocms, on the Araour Street School, costing $50,000.« An v
addition with 6 rooas on West lUth Street and Union Street, costiog $30,000# r ^
t'
\^*
., i
V
I A 1 b
I F 3
GERMAN
Abendpost, Mar. IR, 1293-
THE COWaTTEK OK SCHO:.,'L iMAKAGllMiaiT REJECTED THE PROPOSITION
TO ABOLISH THE TEACHING OF GER.MAN
To judge by the decision of yesterday's meeting of the School Boprd, it seems
that the retaining of German in all grades of our T)ublic schools is now assured -8
as the voting on the pro^^osition to abolish the teaching of German ?^fter the ^^
close of the present school year in the T?eim?>ry grades resulted in equal votes, fz
which means that the DroT^osition was rejected. ^^^
Messrs. Hevell and H^lle and Miss Burt were in fpvor of continuing the teaching.^
of German; Messrs. Laren and Beebe and Mrs. Flower, against it. Mr. Duggan, o
who left before the voting, declared in fpvor of teaching in all grades of the ^
public schools •
Immediately after the opening of the meeting, Mr. Halle presented to the
Committee on School Mana^^ement Mr. Max Stern, a representative of the German
citizens. He spoke about the retention of the teaching of German and claimed
I A 1 b - 2 - ggRMAIJ
I F 3
Abendoost, Mar. 15, I893.
to hsive the sign-^tures of 25fOOO citizens of the city who pre all in f?vor
of German teaching. Mrs. Flower s?5id thpt Tjersonally she is not or)posed to ^
the tet^ching of German hut considers it worthless. Miss Burt, Mr. H^lle, and 5
also Mr. Hevell spoke w?»rmly in f?^vor of ret pining the German lengu^ge. The ^-i^r^
latter w.^s of the opinion thnt the decision of retaining or abolishing German p
teaching should be postponed till pfter election, because politics is too much ^
involved in this question, but his pro^^osition was rejected. In the meeting g
of the School Boerd, to be held this evening, there v/ill, in all probability, ^'
be a final decision about the teaching of the German language. Congressman g
Julius Goldzier, Mr. Max Stern, and others, will sT>eak in the interest of S^
societies and boards for the retention of the German language.
■j^
,-.- £-..-.,.jLir-~-.,;
I A 1 b
III A
II B 3
I B 3 b
I C
IK
17
GERMAN
Illinois Staats Zeitung, Mar* 12, 1893.
G3RM/IN WOMEN DEFEND GlimiAN INSTRUCTION
IN IIPRESSIVE l/xASS-UBETING AT NORTH
SIDE HALL. ENERGETIC PROTEST TO THE
SCHOOL BOARD*
Although the weather vas vexy unfavorable, nearly 600 German women came to
a mass meeting in the North Side Tiirner Hall, held in the interest of retain-*
ing German instruction and other special branches in our public schools*
The hall was too small to hold so meiny women, emd many had to stand. The
endurance of these courageous defenders of German in our public schools was^
indeed^ admirable* A deep interest and a real enthusiasm could be noticed
among them*
Of course, this great cause is of unusual interest to German mothers, since
they are the natural teachers and educators and have the welfare of the
growing generation at heart* The German women have furnished most convincing
evidence through their demonstration yesterday, that the propaganda for the
rettention of German instruction and the other special branches can not be
entrusted to better hands*
- 2 - GERimN
Illinois Staats Zeitung^ LSar. 12, 1893.
The courageoxis and energetic efforts of these German women should serve
a spur for the so-called stronger sex, to likewise manifest a great zeal for
this cause*
Urs. Dorothea Boettcher called the meeting to order. Then llrs. H. Voss was
elected Chairmcm, Utq. Boettcher, Secretary, and Mrs. S. Wolf, Treasurer.
Urs. M. Werkmeister, one of the speakers, saidi
**There are many women in this mseting who are more capable than I to give
you a clear flmalysis of the respective branches of study in danger of elim-
ination. However, since the honor of addressir^g you is conferred upon me
irrespective of this fact, I can do so only as a wife and a mother. As such
only am I concerned about the school question; and to arrive at my conclu->
sions I have not been assisted by anything but n^ own understanding and good
sense.
••The highest aim of a mother is the physical and spiritual welfare and pro-
gross of her children. A mother considers the school as a sacred institution.
- 3 - G3RMAN
Illinois Staats Zeitungt Mar. 12, 1893*
The teachers are her friends and allies, whether or not she is closely
acquainted with them. Their calling is her ceilling likewise, for home and
school, and mother and teacher go hand in hand, as it were..*
^Our public schools have several special branches of study, liany of our
citizens consider them as very useful for the children, and the latter take
advantage of this opportunity. These special studies include German,
gymnastics, drawing, and singing.
TThese branches of study are stigmatized by another part of the population
as *^fads** or as worthless, and as such they wanfc to banish them from our
schools.
**Uay I ask, how is it possible that the study of German, a world language,
can be considered useless emd treated accordingly in a cosmopolitan city
like Chicago? Those of us who call two countries their own, who in their
childhood studied two or more languages, know iriiat treasures were opened to
us. The knowledge of both languages is an advantage for our children, and
M
• 4 • omiim
Illinois Staats Zeitupg^ Mar* 12, 1893*
is essential for their success* It is also of benefit to them in their
social standing if they can egress themselves in two different languages*
•TTe have all met Americans who expressed their regret in not being able to
speak German* They did not say this to please us, but had their own ad<*
vantage in mind* As a mother and a wife, I appeal to you to unite your
efforts in order to prevent the elimination of German instruction from our
schools* Our children must not be deprived of German, because it will be of
untold benefit to them later* •*
••Today, here, in a city of millions, in a prosperous country, we are fight-
ing for the same branches of study, which have been recognized as valuable
factors in education, ever since schools existed!
••Fight, my ladies, - is an ugly word, because we are German women, and Ger-
man women shun fighting. V/e are satisfied with our sphere of activities*
We do not push ourselves forward, nor do we demand anything* We live for
our children only and their welfare is our aim and pride*
■ »
1
I
-- 5 - 6ERM&N
Illinois Staats Zeitung, liar* 12, 1893
**These children are children of this country. Chicago is their home* They
will become patriotic Americans ^o will love and respect their forefathers*
To preserve their mother-tongue for their children is the duty of all German
wives and mothers* ••
**It is your immediate task to overcome your aversion to fighting* You must
do everything in your power to prevent the curtailment or complete suppres-
sion of German in our schools* It is your duty to fight for progress and
f br companionship between mother and child* You all think as I do, or else
you would not be here*
'^t us remind the gentlemen of the school board through our signatures that
we consider them trustworthy men, the protectors of our rights, to whom we
have entrusted the welfare of our children*
**Let us tell them that we do not believe that a branch of study, such as
Gernein, should be bemished from our schools, because it is of so much bene-
fit to the children in the future*
- 6 - GERMAN
Illinois otaats Zeitungt Mar, 12, 1893.
••If complaints are made about these bretnches of study, or if the results
obtained are not satisfactory, then improvements should be made* We do
not believe that these studies should be banished from our schools because
of complaints* And we, the German women of Chicago, shall be the first
ones to support any improvement, provided that it promotes our cause.**
Urs. Brown, president of the Chicago 'Jomen*s Jlliance requested permission
to speak* This woman is well known in 4Am6rican society* She gave a very
intelligent and brief speech in English, in ?Aiich she expressed her joy
concerning the interest manifested in these special branches of study by
her Gernan^imerican sisters* She criticized the school board for the
absurd assertion that the city can not afford to spend the money for the
special studies any longer*
•Tor the education of our youth, •• she continued, •*no sacrifice* is too great <
Every sensible taxpayer is willing to do his share*** She recommended very
vigorously, not only the retention but also an addition of suitable special
studies* In closing her remarks she expressed the hope that in the futiire
American and German women would cooperate more closely in the field of
- 7 • GERMAN
Illinois Staats Zeitung, liar. 12, 1893*
education and similar matters*
Miss Mary Burt^ a member of the school board, was the next speaker. Miss
Burt is heartily in favor of German inartruction in all the grades of our
schools* Not only did she defend it at yesterday* s meeting, but she also
does so at sessions of the board* Again she emphasized the fact that the
best part of the English language is of German origin, and that German is
entitled to be studied in American schools*
The speeches of both American ladies were received with enthusiastic
applause* The whole audience arose to give recognition to Miss Burt for her
great efforts in behalf of German instruction*
After the speeches came the reading of the following protest in German and
English, written by Mrs* D* Boettcher, nAiich will be presented to the school
board:
- 8 - GERMAN
Illinois 3taat3 Zeitung> Mar. 12, 1893.
The Protest,
**To the Honorable lumbers of the
School Board of Chicago:
••The signatures below are those of Chicago women vftiose children attend pub-
lic schools* These woinen held a mass ineeting on Saturday, March llth^ and
resolved to present a petition requesting the Board to retain in our public
schools the so-called special branches, such as Gerinan, gymnastics, singing,
drawing and sewing for the following reasons:
**First, the above mentioned subjects are indispensable to a thorough public
education in our age« By restricting or banishing the same, many parents
would have to take their children out of the public schools, smd place them
in private or parochial schools*
•^Second, because a school in vhich the most elementary branches only cure
taught, is not achieving its primary objective of being the educational
- 9 - GERMAN
Illinoia Staats Zeitung> War. 12, 1893*
institution of a people destined to govern itself. One of the cardinal
duties of a republic, like ours, is the education of the nasses* We would
consider it an injustice against the growing generation, if a city like
Chicago should reduce its educational institutions to mere pauper schools,
notwithstanding the fact that Chicago is rich and prosperous and presumably
at the head of progress and civilization* To furnish such a spectacle of
retrogression to the civilized world, iidiich is looking to us today more than
ever before, would be, indeed, very humiliating and confusing for us, inas*
much as the whole world is progressing in culture very rapidly,
**Third, we have convinced ourselves that the overwhelming majority of the
citizens of Chicago cure ready and willing to pay the small extra expense for
a better education for their children, because such an investment bears a
high rate of interest, not only for the individual, but also for the whole
community* The better the growing generation is prepared and equipped for
the struggles and duties of the future, the more useful will be their serv-
ices to their country* There will be also less danger of their going
astray, or becoming dependent on public charity* Better schools and
- 10 - GERMAN
Illinois Staats Zeitungt Uar. 12, 1893.
educational institutions will reduce the number of poor houses and Jails.
Under no consideration should the school problem become a question of money.
^Fourth, the study of another language besides the native one is of
inestimable benefit to every child. Goethe, the great poet and scholar,
asserted, and all the pedagogues have confirmed, that ^whoever knows no
foreign Icu^uage, knows nothing of his own.* Likewise, experience in our
schools has taught us that those children who participated in German instruc*
tion were able to pass the examinations from grade to grade just as well as
the others, and, in many instances, even better. Undoubtedly the German
language only can come into consideration as a second language next to
English, because one-third of Chicago's population speaks and understands
German. It is also true that this instruction should begin as early as pos-*
sible, preferably in the lower grades, in order to obtain results. This
would enable many of the poorer children isho usually quit school early to
get at least a foundation, upon which they can build later in life, if they
are ambitious.
**Fifth, it is said that the time devoted to German is at the expense of the
• 11 - GERMAN
Illinois Staats Zeitungt Ublv. 12, 1893.
study of English , btxt this reason is just as untenable as the question of
space* In regard to the question of space we point out that according to
official reports all children, who have been registered until now, have also
been placed. The introduction of half^days in the lower grades has not been
considered a detriinent, because most parents are of the opinion that three
hours per day of school is sufficient for small children*
*^Sixth, gymnastics in our schools are an absolute necessity. The development
of the body must keep pace with intellectual progress* The former is just as
essential and is never underestimated nor neglected by any pedagogue of the
civilized world* The health of the children is just as importsuit to the
parents and to the state as their intellectual development* The school is
to a certain extent responsible for the health of the pupils* Of equal im-
portance is the instruction in drawing* It is a training in skill which is
basic in nearly every trade and profession* And what drawing is to the boys^
needlework is to the girls* Many of the girls have no opportunity in their
homes to learn how to sew, hence the school is an appropriate place for it*
Finally, vocal music can be justified from an ethical standpoint* Singing
affects the mind of the child in a stimulating, uplifting and ennobling
- 12 - GERIJAK
Illinois Staat3 Zeitung> Ivkr. 12, 1893.
manner, and discloses to the child an ideal world in the midst of the crass
materialism of our age*
**A11 these branches, important emd necessary in themselves, add variety to
the general instruction. Since the child can grasp only a little at a
time a change, and a variety in the branches of study, constitutes an
important factor in his education.
•^Being convinced of the above facts, we, the undersigned, feel under obli-
gation not to deprive our children of any of the mentioned subjects in our
public schools* On the contrary, we will strive to have them improved and
enlarged so that public education may gradually reach the highest peak pos-
sible, for the benefit of our children and to the advantage of our country.
•
"^In this sense, we, the women citizens of Chicago, request the honorable
school board to examine our petition* We have the welfare of our children
at heart. We trust that the reasons we have stated shall possess sufficient
persuasive power to refute all the proposals of any opponents.^
- 13 -
Illinois Staats Zeitungt Mar« 12, 1893*
The protest was approved unanimously* Blanks were distributed among the
women, and all of them promised to get as many signatures of married women
as they possibly could. The assemblage expressed its gratitude to Mrs*
Boettcher for the excellent wording of the petition, and for her other
efforts*
A committee was then appointed to present the protest to the school board
at its next session* U^s. Dorothea Boettcher will act as the spokesman of
•the committee*
I A 1 b
III 3 2
III A
I F S
I C
G3RMAN
Illinois Staats Zeitung> liar* 11, 1893.
IN FAVOR OF GERMAN INSTRUCTION.
The Schiller Lodge^No. 347^ has passed the following resolutions: As in
recent times soms intolerant and reactionary '*un- Americans** have attacked
instruction in German, as well as drawing, singing and gymnastics in our
public schools, we, the mexnbers of Schiller Lodge^No. 347, D. 0. H«, cure of
the definite opinion that the above mentioned branches are exceedingly bene*
ficial and conducive to mental and physical development of the growing gen*
orations, and,
•
As we are good American citizens and taxpayers, and as such feel that we
have the right to express our wishes in regard to the spending of taxes for
the education of our children; we resolve^ therefore^ to protest against the
remowal of the previously mentioned branches from our public schools, and
urgently request the honorable Board of Education to promote these branches
in our public schools as much in the future as has been done in the past.
I A 1 b GBRMAtT
A'bend'^ost, Mar. 9, 1B93.
OEHyiAIT IK THE \fr.r:'£l HOUSE
Under these headlines, we find in the Wr^shington Sentinel of Mr, Louis Schfide,
the following interest in^r story: While in several V/estern States big "battles
have "been fought on the question whether the G-erman lajigua^re should be taught
In the T)ublic schools, and while just nov; through the influence of Irish Catho-
lic bishOTDs and t)riests efforts are beir^ made to t^revent the use of the German
language in Oerman Catholic churches, it is a noticeable fact that here in oo
Washington the highest social circles study the lan^juage of our Fatherland and C^
that most all the prominent ladies of society speak German* fluently. That ^^
preference for German has even found its way into the V,Tiite House. The grand-
children of President Harrison, the six ye-^r old Benjamin Harrison McKee, better
known as Bobby McKee, and his little three year old sister Mary Lodge McKee,
speak the German language better than children of the same age among three
fourths of German Americans. Vfe had an or^portunity last Thursday to convince
ourselves, when Miss Hampe the children's governecc, in our home where she is
at all times a welcome guest, made a farewell visit before the President's
i»
- 2 - GSH.MAN
AbendT)Qst, Mar. 9, 1893.
fajnily returned to Indij^naDolis,
It WPS a pleasure to he?>r the President's ^rf^ndchildren speak a foreign lan-
guage as fluently as their own. Little Ben wrote his name in an album, in
En^^lish and uerman letters. He is indeed a very promising child. To learn ^
and sTDeak several lanjsrac^^es is « science. It is commend*5ble that President
Harrison and his family, in s^ite of the American r)re.judice p^f^inst the study
of foreign langupges, sets an example which TDUts to shame many of our "know-
nothings" and also Cxerman Americans, who either through ignorajice or from
cowardly neglect, don't let their children leprn their own lajiguage, through
which they lose their children's resnect and pre the cause for the children
becoming ashamed of their foreign parents and finally become American
knov^-nothings.
We consider it, although not shpring lAr, Harrison's politics, as our duty to
express our acknowledgment for the v/ay and manner in which he and his family,
especially his wife, who passed av^ay not long ago, h^ve fulfilled their
*
- 3 - G^lIAN
Abend -^ost, Mpr. 9, loS"?*
domestic «nd social duties as lon^ as they resided in the ^/rtiite House, Oermsn
Americans, in particul/^r, should cherish the memory of the ex-President.
"O
50
o
CO
en
I A 1 b
I V V
II D 1
(S3UIAN
Illinois Staats Zeitung» Uar» 9, 1893. yip^ iin \ nnn. ^
=^' ^^^' \^^^') PRO}. 302/5
FOR INSTRUCTIONS IN GERMAN.
At the last meeting of the Executive Committee of the IJutiaal Benefit Society
in Chicago^ a resolution to support the movement for the retention of GermEui
instruction in the public schools was approved* Mr» J« H* Kraamer was
appointed delegate of the society which has approximately 1,000 members*
Lists for the purpose of getting signatures may be obtained from the secretary
of the society, Hugo Peters* He will also see that the members of the
society sign the petition at their meetings*
xi
1 b
' I F 3
Illinois Staats Zeitungt Mar, 8, 1893»
GERMAN
WPA (iLL) pro; JC27S
GERMAN IN CHICAGO'S PUBLIC SCHOOLS.
The value of learning the German language in the public schools is recog-
nised by nearly all the nationalities^ ^ich are represented in the city«
Of the 34^521 pupils enrolled in the German classes in January, only 14,460
were of German descent} 11,295 were Anglo-^Americans, and 8,766 belonged to
different other nationalities, such as the Irish, Bohemians, Scandinavians,
etc* There were 30,462 pupils participatix^ in German instruction during
the previous year, and 624 only from all grades, discontinued their study •
Gerflam instruction in the higher primary grades msets with the approval of
those parents ^oare not able financially to permit their children to
attend school for more than four or six years* If German were restricted to
gramnar grades only, a large decrease in the number of pupils would be
noticeable. ••
The Germans have at present one important problem to solve, namely to pro-*
tect and to retain their position of power in public life, and to defend it
against the malicious spirit of the **alien-haters,'* and the fsinatical native
ists. Compromise with them is impossible*
I A 1 b
I F 4
Illinois Staats Zeitmigt Mar, 7, 1893.
GfiRMAN <^^
"^'.
«
GERMAN IN CHICAGO'S PUBLIC SCHOOLS.
The attack of the Know-Nothings, against GerrMtn instruction in our public
schools, has increased to such an extent that it challenges every Gerxoan.
These attacks against the German* Americans by the Know-Nothing members of
the. school board are carried on under the pretense that it is an economy
measure 9 but this is only an empty excuse*
Every German, irrespective of party affiliations, should sign the petitions
lAiich are being circulated by German clubs and societies, requesting the
continuance of German instruction in the primary grades, as well as of draw^
iqg, singing, and gymnastics in all the public schools* Not only should the
Germans sign the petitions readily, but €d.so assist in gathering signatures
among Germans cmd other nationalities* We must present a united front to
the school board, and the overwhelming majority .of our votes must be our
weapon to defend these branches*
In order to support this movement more effectively, it seems fitting to give
a brief history of German instruction in our local public schools, as well
as to repeat the reasons for the necessity of continuing instruction in the
- 2 -
Illinois Staats Zeituig, Mar. 7, 1893,
GERUAN
third and fourth grade of these schools*
Upon the reconnendatlon of Lorenz Brentano and Hermann Felsenthal, in 1865|
Geman language instruction hbls introduced in all the grades of our public
schools, except in the tenth grade ndiich was then the lowest one* \?hen,
in 1875, a new system of grade arrangement was introduced, instruction in
German was restricted to the grammar classes.
However, German was introduced again into the third and fourth lower grades,
when a committee of the school board, to ^ich men like J. U* Clark €md G»
Stewart belonged, recommended this in 1885* The desire to study. Germeui be-
came so general that it gradually had to be taught in all the schools*
An agreement was made at that time between L* Nettelhorst, president of the
school board, emd the other members of this department, to take no steps to
direct the attention of parents or children of the different schools, to
German instruction] but rather to wait until parents requested classes in
German, before such classes were organised* . •
""*^.
During the previous season the number of applications required to introduce
the study of German in a public school was raised from 50 to 75* Tet in
- 3 -
Illinois Staata Zeituqg^ Lfeir. 7, 1893*
6ERUAN
spite of all this 9 the subject had to be introduced in all the schools^
located in the recently annexed districts^ and in each one of them over a
hundred pupils were registered*
Notwithstanding the difficulties with which instruction in Geroan has to
contendythe total number of pupils in German classes rose last January to
349521» According to this figure, 51^ of all the pupils in the eligible
grades are studying German.
• • •
Sxperience has proven that the study of the German lamguage is by no
means an impediment to the progress of pupils in other branches of study. ••
Special branches of study intensify the interest of the childreni enlarge
their ability to comprehend^ and increase their mentsil activities^ making
it possible for the child to learn in eight years what formerly required ten
years.
Eminent educators. •• have agreed that the study of German in the primary grades
of our public schools, far from impeding the child's progress in other sub*
jects, is beneficial. It is also stated that the study of another language,
besides the English, helps to gain a better understanding, and a more accur-*
ate expression of the latter, since the pupils grasp the meaning of the
-.. .»!
- 4 - GERMAN
Illinois Staats Zeitung, Mar, 7, 1893.
English words much more quickly and easily^ by comparing them with those of
a foreign language*
GERMAN
r A 1 b
I B 3 b
III A
I F 3 Illinois Staats Zeitimgt Mar. 5, 1893*
I F 4
AN APPEAL TO GERUAN WOMEN*
It is not customary for German women to be aetiye in polities* Their homes
are their kingdomSf and their thoughts and efforts are directed towards the
welfare of their families* However, unusual circumstances require unusual
action* The Germans in Chicago are intensely interested at present, in iriiether
or not German instruction in our public schools is to be continued* This
matter affects the German mother and wife so deeply, and is so closely inter*
woven with her activities and her aims, that her public appearance is not only
Justified b\zt imperative*
Every Germem woman, lAio merely glances at our daily newspapers, is aware of the
fact that instruction in Germsui, drawing, gymnastics, and vocal music is
threatened agM^i with discontinuation* These are the subjects which have been
introduced into oxxr public schools, chief ly, because they were recommended by
intelligent Germans.
Germans, in this city, have taken up this importemt ciatter with zeal and courage*
The German newspapers^ without exception have defended it, and they have sue-*
eeeded in having the decision of the school board in this important matter
postponed* But this is by no means a favorable decision* The danger still
/
- 2 - GERMAN y ^
Illinois Staats Zeituqgt Mar. 5, 1893* V'^^ ^
exists^ emd is more threatening than it ever was before* It will require the
utmost efforts of all educated people to win the victory in this great cause*
For this reason the German women of Chicago should get together for eonsulta*-
tions on how to meet this threatening danger most effectively* The school
board must be convinced that the majority of our educated population recog-
nises the importance of the afore mentioned subjects^ and desires the continue
at ion of the same in our public schools*
To accomplish this^ some German women have come together to arouse the inter*
est of the whole German female population of the city* They urgently appeal
to all^ to attend a mass meeting Lbtrch 11^ at 3 p* m*^ at the North Side Turner
Hall*
All Germans and friends of the German language are urgently and cordially
invited to attend* German mothers^ lAio have the intellectual cmd physical
welfare of their children at hearty should not fail to come* Likewise all
German teachers of private and public schoolsy all German women's clubs and
societies should attend* We also invite German clergymen of all faiths,
pedagogues, and liberal minded men, ^o are interested in the practical edu-
cation of our youth* They are requested to p€urticipate personally in this
. 3 - GERMAN
Illinois Staats Zeitung, Mar. 5, 1893.
moyement and exert their Ydiole influence.
The piarpose of the nass meeting is to discuss this problem from all view points^
ixato resolutions^ and secure as many signatures as possible to present to the
school board*
,(
I A 1 b
I F 3
I F 4
GERliAN
Illinois Staats-Ze it unfit liar. 5» 1893 •
DEFEND yourself:
If the Germans of Chicago desire to prevent the partial or complete sup-
pression of instruction in German, drawing, singing, gymnastics, and
sewing in our public schools, then they must defend themselves* Of course,
a partial restriction would only be a preparatory step to complete suppression*
It is true that nothing can be achieved by force, but we should open the
eyes of the school board and convince the members that the newspapers do
not represent the opinions of the majority of the people, although they do
attack these special brsmches of instruction with much ado* If we defend
ourselves effectively, the weaklings of the school board will soon change
their minds* They have no opinions of their oWn, but repeat only what news-
papers have t'o say*
- 2 - GERMAN
Illinois Staats'^Zeitungt Mar* 5> 1893 •
If the circular requesting the maintenance of the previously mentioned
branches of instruction shows a large number of signatures , the school
board will not dare to vote for their discontinuation against the expressed
desire of the people* However 9 the time is very short, and much effort is
necessary* Everybody who is in favor of maintaining these branches, should
get as mGiny signatures as possible* Teachers in particular, should take
this matter to heart •
A meeting of German women will take place at the North Side Turner Hall on
Saturday afternoon. If this meeting has a large attendance, it will be an
effective and weighty support for the petition*
Let us go to workl If we protect ourselves, we will at the same time pro-
tect our public schools from deterioration*
I A 1 b
I 3 3 b
I ? 4
GSRUAN
Illinois Staats Zeitung> Mar» 5, 1893*
TO FIGHT FOR THE MOTHEK TOMSUE.
There is a notion pending and if it is carried, the school board will be
authorized to discontinue German language instructioni as well as the sub-*
jects of gymnastics, voeaJL misie, and drawing* This is a serious blow to
German^Americanism and is a challenge to every one* The Geroans should be
victorious in this battle, due to their numericed strength, provided that
they are aware of the cultural importance of these branches, and make the
necessary efforts*
The German and German^Jmerlcan population of Chicago is much larger than the
Anglo-American one* The German lax^uage is spoken by about a half million
people, and it is just as indispensable in every day social and business
affairs as English* If a child masters both langiiages, and is well instructed
in those special branches, it certainly has a better foimdation, and is far
better equipped for a future career, than a child without these advantages*
Eblvb not the Germans, in view of their numerical strength, a right to German-*
instruction in the public schools? Besides, there is evexy where an increase
ing demand for German; and it enables parents to train their children better.
- 2 - GERMAN /.^ .^.p^ ^
Illinois Staats Zeitung, Mar. 5, 1893.
{ "1
V O • A
since they can instruct them in their mother tongue* Therefore^ irrespect-*
ive of the practical value of German ^ its moral and intellect tml influence
is important. The fight for. the maintenance of these branches is a far
reaching battle for culture^ particularly in this cosmopolitan city. Every
true friend of progress^ irrespective of nationality, ought to be interested
in this struggle.
• .
• This is a battle for progress, and is directed against nativistic insol-*
ence. Nativism raises its head whenever it believes that its power is
endangered; it is the result of a narrow and limited education, emd its
deportment leads to the conclusion that the worth and fitness of a citizen
in this country depends entirely upon his conuand of English and his adap-
to English customs.
iji a convincing count er»evidence it is necessary only to point to the almost
exclusively English-speaking rowdies and tramps, ^o maintain gambling and vice
resorts, irtio make our streets unsafe, and lAio dominated the scandalous primary
election, so that decenfc citizens turned away in disgust... This party (now
fighting against German instruction in our public schools), and these con-
temptible tramps are indeed worthy associates of the anti-German members of
the school board and of the English newspapers.
- 3 • GERMAN
Illinois Staats Zeitung^ Uar* 5, 1893*
What chances for intellectual and cultural progress would there be if this
clique should carry out its slogan: "^losrica for Amsricems only!**
This republic was not founded only for English speaking people and their
descendant Sy but for the oppressed of all the countries^ who through their
industry and public virtues^try to make an honest and independent livelihood*
The fathers and founders of our count ry^ Yfashington^ Jefferson^ Franklin^ and
other s^ understood this, as clearly evidenced by the Declaration of Independ^
enee and the Constitution*
• «
The saxDe standpoint should be taken by the representatives of our free public
schools. ••• If man is the product of his training and environmsnt^ a narrow
and restricted education must, therefore, produce a narrow minded and stupid
man • a selfish worshipper of money, with no ideals, iriiose enthusiasm can be
aroused for the almighty dollar only» This is the class of people irtiich gives
us on one hand, the fast growing, prosperous exploiters of a monopolistic
industrial system, and, on the other hand, the presumptuous **Know-Nothing8,**
the intolerant, puritanical bigots* ••
Progressive and liberal citizens should, therefore, never tolerate the
suppression of those respective branches of instruction, but insist upon
- 4 - GERMAN f.^ s^^dK a.
o
Illinois StaatB Zeltungt Uar» 5, 1893* ^^
<o
^ possible impr ovemsnt 8 of the same* No citizen should fail to sign the peti-»
" tions iihich are now being circulated for this purpose*
C. H.
I A 1 Td
GEmiAlI
"Al)endT)08t>' .March Uth, 1893- VVPA (ILL) PROi. 30275
The Prospects are iTnproving
Next Tuesday, there will he in all prohahilty, a decision reached, about the
German teaching. It seems that the Committee for School Affairs have agreed to
accept the proposition of Mr, P, C, Halle, who as is well known, is in favor of
same. Only the teaching of some st)ecial subjects will he limited. A number of
German women have issued an appeal, according to which a mass meeting will be held
of all the friends of German teaching, in a week from to-f?ay in the Northside
Turnhalle •
The ladies consider the subject too important, not to pay the greatest attention
to it therefore they erpect, that the meeting, which they arrange, will be well
attended.
I A 1 b GERMAN
Illinois Staat8-2eitung;t liar, 3f l893»
WFA (ILL) PROJ 30275
SPECIAL INSTRUCTION.
The school board committee decided at yesterday's session that it would
* await the report of £• G« Halle , one of its members » before voting
on the question of abolishing or continuing German instruction in the
public schools • There was a tendency to take unfavorable action on the
**German issue,** when Ur. Halle asked for the privilege of submitting his
findings* He promised to give a written treatise to every committee member
before the next meeting* The request was granted* The committee will be
prepared to give its report at the next session*
A member of the school board commented on the general sentiment of the
committee towards the special branches! *^It is evident that the question
of German and gymnastics will give us considerable difficulty* Instruction
in drawing will be slightly curtailed suid music can be eliminated alto*
gether without serious objection* It may be possible that the entire
problem will be definitely settled at the next conference*'*
I A 1 b
I F 4
GERMAN
Illinois Staats-Zeitungt Mar. 3, l893.
THE FIGHT AGAINST THE GEIU'AN LANGUAGE.
In this fight involving the German language instruction at our public
schools, we are opposed by the entire English press. The fight about the
German instruction is not a party issue. It is a bitter contest between
the progressive spirit of Germanism and antiquated Americanism. The
latter is somewhat conceited because it has produced a few eminent scientists.
They conclude from this fact that the old system is still satisfactory.
They forget that those few distinguished men rose to eminence not on account
of the educational system but in spite of it*
The fight around the German instruction is thus a contest between the old
educational methods and the new ones. But because the new educational
methods originated in Germany, the contest now raffing is assuming a
political tinge. The fight is narrowing down to a test of strength between
the pro and anti-German elements.
- 2 -
GER1!AN
Illinois Staats-Zeitun^t Liar. 3> l893»
The real purpose dictating the abolition of the German instruction is in*
spired by the desire of eliminating simultaneously all German influence •
No doubt, the situation is serious and it behooves every German to do his
duty and to defend his rights. The school board members who upheld the
German pedagogical ideas will then be convinced that the majority of the
public is supporting them*
1 b
GSRUyr
Ill B 2
Illinois Staats-Zeitimgt Kar* 3f l893»
THE PUBLIC SCHOOLS.
The following proclamation will be sent to all the club 89 lodges and
associations^ whose addresses are known to the committee* •••
''The Agitation Committee for the promotion of the continuaince of special
branches in the public schools asks your valued association to use
its full power and influence to give added pressure to our protest against
the attempted curtailment of school subjects*
"There is a harmful proposition on the school board's calendar which will
affect our schools; Germany gymnastics, singing and drawing are to be
discontinued in the 3rd and 4th grades* Once start ed, the work of
destruction will continue until the enemies of progress attain their
goal* We are sending you a number of petitions, and we believe that you
- 2 - G3RMAN Vl '^J
Illinois Staats'Zeitungt Mar. 3> l893»
will not experience any difficulty in obtaining the necessary signatures
from your friends and members, especially if you announce it at a general
meeting or entrust a diligent committee with the work of gathering names
from all nationalities* ^Vhatever may be done, must be accomplished
quickly. Therefore, we ask you to send the signed petitions not later
than March Hth, to Mr* Max Stern, 84-86 Fifth Ave* He can supply
additional blanks when you need them*
*^e repeat, that our schools are facing a definite peril and quick, ener-
getic help is needed* We rely on your assistance*
Respectfully,
The Agitation Committee***
I A 1 b GERMAN
I K
Illinois Staata-Zeitung, Mar. 1. 1893 » ^^^^ 0^-) P^OJ . 3QZ/S
GERMAN WOffiN TO THE RESCUE.
We hear that a movement has b&en started to induce the German women of
our city to taJce an active interest in the German language instruction prob-*
lem« This is a move in the right direction* The German woman is the best
qualified judge; she^ above all others ^ can determine the true value of
German instruction in our public schools, and therefore will be a most
welcome ally in the fight for its continuance. A council meeting is to be
held at a private residence, in order to make arrangements for a mass meeting
at the North Side Turner Hall.
I A 1 a
"Abenaposf^ . Pe^)ruary 2Uth, IS93.
Temporarily Defeated.
The Chicago School toard did not decide so far, to abolish the teaching of German
and the other ••Pads.'* Some of its members are perfectly aware of the fact, that the
knowledge of the "Three R'S** is not sufficient any more, and that the school must lay
the foundation of a higher education. The opponents of the so called special subject^
are either fanatical haters of foreigners or are under the mistaken impression that
every su'bject should "be on thp instruction list only for its own sake. We might call
the latter, fanatics of usefulness.
They demand, that every child partaking of German lessons, should speak it fluently:
those T)artaking of Drawing lessons should "become finished artists, and th6se re-
ceiving singing lessons at least heroic tenors or Prima-donnas. It is difficult to
make then understand, that with the knowledge of another language, the understanding
of one's mother tong^^e and grasping is made easier. Strangely, this side of the
question has 'heen "best understood by the two women members of the school board.
Especially has Miss Burt through her remarks on pedagogical principles, proven, much
better qualified for her office, than the majority of the school board's Male members.
Page 2.
^c^'
I « t. • •
"AbendpQSt" , February 2Uth, 1S93.
When, at the end of the 19th Century, in one of the newest, cultural cities, a school
"board advocates a standr^oint, according to which the schools should only be considered
as training institutions. This is certainly very regrettable.
Those members of the School Board, who vote against the sr^ecial subjects because they
imagine, that by doing so, they are proving their ''American Patriotism" beyond sus-
picions are playing a sorry role. There must be particularly mentioned, one
Scandlnarian, who brags about his countrymen's ability, to become Americanized, in a
short time, and demands, that other nationalities should follow suit and bring up their
children as " suT)erf iclal Americans", a person, who considers an exclusively pedagog-
ical question, from this viewpoint, is a DOor guardian of the Dublic schools* For
the moment, the attack of th£se obscure men has been repulsed, but, no doubt it will
be renewed, and therefore it is imperative, that the friends of the special subjects,
should be watchful. Only, after the principle is conceded, can we discuss whether
the methods of teaching could be improved.
I A 1 b
III B 2
"A'bendr>08t,'' February 22nd, 1893.
^^ y OERJ^lAN
Delegates of German Societies Protest Against The Petty
Plans of the "Know Nothings."
In the Northside Turnhalle, a meeting was held last night, which was not attended
"by very many, "but those ^resent, showed a spirited interest. The object of the meeting
was, to find means, to fight against the intention of abolishing the teaching of the
German language and also all s"orcial subjects in the lower grades of our schools.
The. following societies and lodges were represented by their membership: Veterans of
the German Army (30), Turnverein Portschritt (130), Rheinlander Bund (96)f Tumverein
Garfield (200), Harugari (3200) ,Rothmanner (l600), Germania Mannerchor (750), Auser-
waehlte Preunde (3^ Lodges), Mutual Benevolent Society (220), Turnverein Lincoln
(190), Bowling Club Humor(20), German Society, German Press Club, Plattdeutscher
V.erein, (175) t Chic8.go Turnerclub (800), Germania Turnverein (I50), Social Turnverein
(270), Turnverein Washington (90), Aurora Turnverein (U70) , Gerinan Warcomrades (135) •
Turner Uax Stern presided. He submitted a resolution, which was dra»7n up by
former Alderman and present Congressman, Mr. Julius Goldzier, and was accepted in an
amended form. These resolutions will be handed by a committee of 25t aTTOointed •
yesterday evening, to the Schoolboard, which meets tomorrow. The text of the decisiom
shall not be made public, before the Schoolboard takes notice of same. Considering
that the decision may be made by tomorrow, ^ick action is demanded.
III B 2
II 3 3
.IV
GERMAN
Illinoie Staaets-Zeitung. Feb. 22, 1893.
6ERUAN ASSOCIATIONS OPPOSED TO KNOW-NOTHING PROPAGANDA IN SCHOOL COUNCIL.
The meeting of delegates from eill the German clubs in Chicago ^ which was
held yesterday at the North Side Turner BblII at the behest of the Chicago
Tumgemeindet (Gymnastic Association) as a protest against the recently
attempted discontinuation of German instruction as well as other special
branches in our public schools ^ brought a very gratifying response •
The sentiment of the assembly may be described as having been lukewarm^
since nobody was in a particu).ar hurry to offer any resolutions* The
general attitude changed instant ly^ however 9 when it became known that
a definite decision may be given on next Thursday at a special session
- 2 -
GERM&N
_ * Illinois Staats-Zeitung, Feb. 22, l893»
of th« school board, when the question about these branches comes before
it. The abolition of German instruction would of course also affect gym-
nasties, singing, manual training and several kindred subjects which
are standard components of the present curriculum. That the school
board could or iLight make such a drastic cut at the instigation of the
sensation-mongers, our yellow press - that appeared to be real news for
some of the delegates, but this denouncement sufficed to bring them into
a huddle for contemplation. If the resolutions are followed and worked
out in detail, success will be assured.
The committee considered it expedient not to divulge the plans of the
assembly until they are given to the school board, so that this body may
not be given time to concoct a few excuses. But the essence of the text.
- 3 -
GERMAN
Illinois Staat8>Z6itungt Feb. 22, 1893*
in its spiritual appeal, might be outlined* The undeniable argiaments in
support of truth and powerful appeals for the development of the soul in
mankind, the intrinsic, yet dormant qualities which are still within the
innermost recesses of a subtle hiart, the German character, which, in
the assimilative process forms a previous part of future generations in
this new fatherland • these topics are part and parcel of the resolutions •
The walls in our schools shall not reverberate with songs any more; the
tiny hands must not acquire skill; forming, shaping of paper and clay is
superfluous, gymnastics is a waste of time. •••for a school system which
requires $6,000,000 per year and proudly calls itself the best in the
world! The training of a child's hands, in order to make it conversant
with drawing and modelling, which may be the only opportunity it ever
.^J ^ «
o
- 4 - GERMAN U '""« ?
Illinois Staats-Zeitungt Feb. 22, l893.
will have to awaken its latent talents; that shall be abolished* Tea,
the public schools do not serve cream and ''tidbits'* on their bill of
fare; the guests don*t pay and ought to be satisfied with water and bread.
How decidedly different do the retaliatory arguments sounds Is it
your intention that our youths shall be cold creations from lifeless
patterns? Don't you wish to implant something into their growing minds
which creates happy, impressionable and alert children?
Don't you desire to broadcast seed which, perchance, might lodge in some
fertile spot and there mature as a magnificent flower? A shallow
Ysrsatility deserves condemnation. Surely, therein we agree with you;
but a heartless restriction to a mere cultural vegetating • that is a
boundless evil!
- 5 •
GERUAN
Illinois Stetats'^Zaitung^ Feb. 22, 1893 •
Ve should enlarge our educational plani Chicago has been bragging about
its cultural system, now let it live up to it!
Now, as to the German Ismguage* The resolutions showed, that the young
mind attains the greatest proficiency when learning another language;
that Chicago^s German population hovers around the 400^000 mark* Ur.
Hibbeler deserves credit for having this statistical reference inserted
and llr« Theo* G« Steinke added a few significant remarks. Our logical
answer to that frequent question why German should be taught, isi Chicago
has a colony of more than 400,000 Americans of German origin, nearly one-
half of the city^s entire population; that next to English, German is
mostly used throughout the world. Finally, after considering these proofs,
Kr* Steinke insisted upon a more energetic presentation of all phases
pertaining to the cause. The delegates were now fully aware of the im-
portance and magnitude of this problem, prompting them to add further
]l
- 6 -
GERMAN
Illinois Staats^Zeitung, Feb. 22, 1893*
resolutions which will all be presented to the school boeurd next Thursday
by the committee of five* The members aret Uessrs* Julius Goldzier,
Geo* 0« Schmidt, 0. L« Wullweber, J* P« Hand, Louis Schutt and Max Stem*
A roll-call showed the following participations Veterans of the German
Army, 80 members; Fortschritt Tumyerein (Gymnastic Society); Harugari
Order, 3 t 000 members; the Rothmaenner, (Red Men), 1,600 members; Germania
Uale Chorus, 750 members; German Press Club, and a long list of other
German clubs, representing 15,000 menibers* The agitation will affect
the entire city within the near future.
I A 1 b
GSRIIAN
I C
Illiaois Staats-Zeitung. Feb. 21, l893* ^ ^^ *-•) PfiCJ. 30275
THE FIGHT AGAINST THE ••FADS*' CREEPS UP AGAIN*
The Lilliputian and the great American press, particularly the small,
which in proportion to its sixe makes the loudest racket, has evidently,
for lack of a more auspicious topic, worked itself into such feverish
truculence about the so-called '•fads'* in our schools, that it finally
succumbed and lost its senses* A European who comes to Chicago and reads
that trash inadvertently indulges in some introspection and ponders t
'•What sort of a dementia is it that afflicts these unfortunates? tfusic,
drawing, clajrmodelling, gjrmnastics, mastery of another language, subjects
iriiich are everywhere considered to be the essentials of an education, are
to be dispensed with, nay, are considered detrimental and must be abolishedl
I A 1 b • 2 - gERt/AN
I C
WFA (ILL) FROJ. 30275
Illinois Staats'Zeitung^ Feb. 21, l893*
Don^t they comprehend, that a child's inquisitive, active mind suffers
from ennui and loses its powers of concentration if attention is restricted
to a single subject? That variety is ob much of a treat for the mind
as for the stomach? That singing, gymnastics, drawing and modelling in
clay are welcome exercises which interrupt the incessant, monotonous learn*
ing by heart, the three ^'R's** and grammar; that they expand and strengthen
our lungs, give suppleness to the body, make our eyes more discerning
and awaken the sense of beauty; that they create a diversified education
which is necessary in the fight for existence in a modern complex civili-
sation? Among how many gifted musicians has the love for music been
aroused in the public schools, and how many great artists discovered their
trend and talent during the drawing periodl These obstructionists of in-
struction are unalterably opposed to the accumulated experience of our Old
Tor Id pedagogues •*
I A 1 b - 3 - GERMAN
I c
Illinoie Staats-Zeitung. Feb. 21, I893. WPA (!'!,) FRCJ. 302/5
This would be the verdict of a European^ and we cazinot see how we ean
embellish it 9 if we were to comment on instruction in the German language*
One of our contemporary newspapers feels incensed that we referred to
it as the ''Khow-Nothing sheet •** But pray tell us what other title we should
deign to bestow^ when it proclaims a "^Know-Nothing** attitude?
Vhile it wants to have German instruction in the public schools polosdy pulled^
tugged and steered out of it^ it is on a par with the clique which insists
that in the U« S« or in Chicago^ only English shall be spoken with the
traditional twsmg of the guttural^ drawling, cockney English and the
genuine brogue of the Irish* The old ** Know-Nothing party** discovered
the principle "America for Americans!**, the new one changes the quotation:
**America for the English languaget** And after all, English is only one of
the many languages which acquired an existence here through the assimilation
of immigrants who became citizens* Because the English language is an
I A 1 b - 4 - GERMAN
I C
WPA(iLL)FR0J.3Cz./:^
Illinois Staats-Zeitungt Feb* 21, 1893 •
important and indispensible means of communication for our polyglot popu*
lation ie no reason why it should banish all other languages in order to
be omnipotent* That would make the mortar more important thein the stones!
It is established beyond doubt, that another language is of benefit to
the pupils* Common sense tells us that in a (^ity like Chicago, where a
second language is chosen, it should be the one represented by a third of
its population* Strange to say, this particular group speaks the Icuiguage
of a people which has reached the top of ciTilixation* The argument as
to the efficacy of the German instruction should be referred to the
school board* Ve have the verdict of an experienced and qualified German
teacher in our favor, although his personal interests rests with the other
side* If results do not come up to our expectations, then the methods
must be changed! If an apprentice cannot do everything which might be
expected, then we don*t kill him, but give him good advice so that he
can do better work; and if some arrangement proves deficient, then we do
not improve it by throwing it overboard*
I A 1 b - 5 - GERMAN
^ ° WPA (ILL) FROJ. 30275
Illinois 6taat8>Zaitungt Feb. 21, l893»
This antithesis towards the teaching of German, singing, g3nnnastic8, draw-
ing, clay modelling and sewing, is the fight of the ** ignorant** and **dunces-by-
preference** class against the seekers of knowledge; it is the spirit of
medieTalism against the permeable light of modernity; the banner bearers
of retrogression who resent progress*
Ve are convinced that our school board will not be influenced by the sense*
less gibberish of a retrogressive element, which wishes to conjure up the
abysmal medieval past; we feel certain that our educators will retaliate
by unfurling the flag of progress, so that Chicago may not be ridiculed
by a civilized worlds
I A 1 "b
GER1.L
M ■ »■
III B 2 .
^ "Abendpost" . Fe'bruary 21st, 1S93.
^>ECIAL SUBJECTS IN THB PUBLIC SCHGOIS/^
There will "be held a meeting tonight, in the small room of the northside Turner
hall, in support of retaining German teaching, also drawing, gymnastics, singing,
etc. in the puhlic schools.
Most of the German Societies and Lodges will be represented at this meeting*
3>
I A 1 b
ainu^AN
Chicago Tribune, 7eb, IB, 1893. t -r?
'■' '^Q
O
7;a3HImgton :35r"a'5 attitude on TSACHriG oo
GlURl^N IN PUBLIC SCHOOLS. . §
cx»
\Tien :':'ashiir-ton Hesins v/as a member of the Chicar^o School Bo'^.rd in 1S73 he and
John C. Richberg, the other leading member of the board, united in a report
favoring the teaching of Ce^'nan in the grammar vT'^-des only. The langu^.ge of
the report \7as as follo\7s: "Y/e would therefore recormaend that the study of
German embrace four years in the grammar schools from the fourth grade up-
wards.** Ivlessrs. Hesing and Richberg united in deprecating the teaching of
Gerr:s.n in the sixth and seventh (the highest primary) grades, 3a3/ing: "Ex-
perience h^as shov/n ttet the tim.e spent in these grades can be far more
profitably employed v/ith the scholars in the other grades. '*
In an interview with the ^venin<-^ Post, which has reoroduced the report from
\'vhich the above extracts are taken, IJr. Kesing s-'j^s that he stands by the
report of 1873. He thinks it is sound and applies to the circumstances of
the present day.
Are we to infer that -'r. Hesing, if elected layor of Chicar:© v/ill favor dis-
pensing v/ith lihe teaching of GeriTr.n in the primary grades? Everybody who
:Xr
-o
I A 1 b - 2 - g:^rt:an
Chicago Tribune ^ 7eb. 18, 139 3,
understands the subject and v/ho is honest and candid knows that the attempt
zo teach German in the primary grades is absurd, that it is a v/aste of time \3
r-nd a nuisance. It was introduced in the primary grades in the interest of
jobbsry. The purpose vn\s to make way for teachers cl'imorcus for positions,
and to promote the intereit of a Germr.n book publisher and a German compiler
of the books issued by this publisher. The v.^hole business is a fraud on the
face of it. I.Ir. Ilesin;; understands it to be such, and by indorsing his
re >ort of 1873 in effect has so declared.
I A 1 'b Abendpost , F^b. 17. 1893. G^MM.
Ill B 2
II B 3 _
^TORNER C0MMDNI1Y EOLDS MEETIIC/
The Chicago Turngemeinde (Turner Community) invites all German Societies and
Lodges of Chicago , to send delegates to the meeting, whi^h will be held Tuesday,
February 21st, in the Hall of the Turner Community.
• The object of the meeting to agitate for the upkeep of teaching of German, Drawiig
and Gymnastics etc. in the Dubli^ schools.
I A 1 b
II B 3
III 3 2
GERUAN
V. ' . ' ■ i
Illinois Staats-Zeitung, Feb. 17f l893«
IS GERMAN INSTRUCTION FACING ELIMINATION?
It fliay be recalled^ that during the last session of the school boards the
proverbial objection to educational ''fade** in our public school system
was brought up again and of course » German instruction is inseparably
connected with it« Therefore, the South Side Turngemeinde (Gymnastic
Association) considered it imperative to invite all local German clubs and
lodges to a general meeting which will be held titxt Tuesday, at their
haill* This problem, which creates new obstacles to the teaching of German,
is to be thoroughly thrashed out, and delegates will be selected to make
the necessary investigation* We refer our readers to the notice of the
Turngemeinde in today's paper* It is very commendable that this association
takes wuch energetic action in behalf of this important affair and it is
highly desirable that our German clubs and lodges become affiliated with
this movement so that a strongly expressed opinion may avert this impending
elimination of German instruction in its very incipiency*
I A 1 b GERIiON
IF 4
III ^ ' Illinois Staats Zeitungt Feb. 3, 1893.
SCHOOL QUESTION A VICTORY FOR GERMANS
OF ILLINOIS AND CHICAGO.
The state of Illinois has been liberated from the tyrannical Edwards* law at
last! At the state senate^ which is composed of 29 Democrats and 22 Repub-
licans, not one voted against its absolute abolition; but quite a few were
absent during the roll call. At the legislature, which sonsists of 78 Dem-»
ocrats and 75 Republicans, 120 voted for total abrogation, that is, 76 Dem-
ocrats and 44 Republicans; 11 reactionary, dyed-in-the-wool Republicans said
no; but not a single Democrat was in that category; 22 representatives were
absent, 20 Republicans and 2 Democrats.
After the vote was taken, 26 Republican representatives made a v/ritten declar-
ation, that the Edwards law should be superceded by a new compulsory school
statute. Therein it is admitted that the bill must provide equality and lib-
erty for the private and parochial schools; that the state shall not dictate
any of its courses nor inhibit the teaching of foreign languages.
The Chicago Tribune, Republican stronghold, admonished its party brethem to
avoid any controversy which is designed to restrict privately endowed church
schools or other subventioned individual schools, and to give them unrestricted
- 2 • GERMAN
Illinois Staats Zeitung^ Feb. 3, 1893*
freedom in their choice of subject matter and languages. There is no doubt,
that the present session vill produce a new cosqpulsory school law which fol-
lows the desirable Wisconsin model. And its acceptance by the governor will^
be as certain as has been his consent to the death warrant of the Sdwards
law*
The ccmcellation of the Edwards law is in itself a sublime reward for the
three years fight, and the labor and effort ?rtiich the Illinois Germans have
put into it. This German school victory in the Senate has its counterpart
here in Chicago. Despite the vituperation and storming of our local Know-*
Nothings and their subservient press against German language instruction in
the public schools, our Board of Education has appropriated a larger sum for
its continuance and voted unanimously in its favor; furthermore, this coun-
cil raised no objections against other branches which the ignorant herd
tried to ditch, such as gymnastics, etc*
The above recapitualtion of that glorious double victory is another indis-
putable proof of irtiat the Germans of this state can accomplish for their own
and the public's welfare, if they are awake and united.
GERi
^7
I A 1 b
II B 3
»*Al)endT)Ost" . FeTDmary 3rd, 1333.
For German T'^aching,
Aff'^r the Chicago Turner Society, the Turner Society, Garfield and several other
societies took a position against the Nativists and "bigots, who once more OT)nose the
teaching of German in the public schools.
They will he joined by th^ Columbia Turner Society. The affair will be iDro-
visionally debated tomorrow evening at the good will meeting, in the Hall of the
Columbia Turner Society, llU8-63rd Street,
I A 1 b GERMAN
Illinois Staats Zeitung> Feb. 2, 1893*
WPA (ILL) PROJ, 30275
THIS YEAR'S SCHOOL BUDG3T.
The school board was in session yesterday and Mr. C. L, Jarner, chairman of
the Finance Conimittee, submitted the budget for the fiscal school year« The
net expense for school purposes will be $5^ 859,800. ••
Gymnastics $23,000*
German Language
In st r uct ion 155, 500*
Last year the cost of German instruction amounted to $150,979.95. This year
$155,500. were provided and, as there is a $10,000* surplus available from
the past year, Chaiman Halle is fully satisfied with the present allotment ... •
I A 1 b
III A
« ^ Illinois Staats Zeitung, Jan. 27, 1893.
GERl/IAN V
< ! .1
REGARDING THE SCHOOL QUESTION,
(Vox Populi)
In regard to the article of Feb. 23rd, published by the Evening; Post^ I beg
to offer a few corrections. You claim that in Prussia, languages are not
taught until the pupils are in high school. This is an error. In Berlin,
Hamburg, in fact in all important cities, English is taught in the public
schools, and in Iluenden, 7estphalen, (a province in Germany) our mutijial brith'
place, French as been included in the elementary schools for the last 15
years, as I have been reliably informed. Concerning the other so-called
special studies, singing, drawing and manaal training; I was instructed in
these branches 50 years ago, in a hamlet of the Paderborn District. These
subjects v;ere considered to be custonriry school courses and were not honored
v;ith the title Special branches*'. These Americans who never iriss an oppor-
tunity to brag about being the richest as well as the best educetedt nation
on earth, and who look with disdain upon Germany, should be ashamed of their
incessant pusillanimous objections based on the pretext, th-ot such tuition is
too costly, when the Germr.ns, after all, have done the most toward this
country's greatness and prosperity. ' . •
»s»
« s
^ 2 ^
Illinois Stoats Zeitun.o;, Jan. 27, 1893.
That the chili ren in ■:''ier::r:.ny are taught more thoroughly, is attributable to
the longer school attendance since nost children are required to study from
the 6th to the 14th year. Those parents in this country who only send their
youngsters to school for tv/o years, are anything but commendable specimens.
It is therefore the state *s supreme duty to thoroughly revise the compul-
sory school la\7.
(signed) M. K.
I A 1 b
III A
GERMAN
Illinois Staats Zeltimg> Jan. 26, 1893
GOETZ, SCHOOL BOARD MEMBER, PROVES
VALUE OF GERMAN INSTRUCTION.
Heretofore Messrs* Halle, Bluthardt, Goeti and Boldenweck have ignored
the antagonism towards German instruction in our schools, a propaganda in
which our English speaking press has taken the most conspicuous part, but
now these members of the school board find it preferable to reply, since
the necessity appears to arise. It is not stated, that this crucial mo-^
ment has arrived but the attacks continue in an increasingly venomous
spirit and with greater frequency.
In order to show the **true** Americans, whose particular pride consists
only in being able to learn one language, that there is a school board in
existence which is undismayed by the incessant caterwauling of a small
native minority, school board member Fritz Goetz now comes courageously for«
ward and brings conclusive evidence, based on facts upon which he justifies
his actions. His colleagues, particularly Messrs. Halle and Bluthardt,
will be at the school council, prepared to take the initiative, if the
dissenters should endeavor to carry the fight before this august body, and
will receive the indigenous element in such a befitting manner, that the
GJi;R!I\N
Illinois Staats Zeitung^ Jan. 26, 1893.
natives must sue for r)eace.
'•GeriTi'^n in our Public Schools.** Hark ye to the defendersi This is the title
to his explanation, v/hich v/e quote belov;.
••The attack v/hich the press irakes upon special studies in our public schools
has no justification whatsoever, according to my opinion. It is sheer non-
sense to consider any study course as a 'fad', if it happens to be outside the
realm of reading, writing, arithmetic, and geography. As our public schools
teach German, the question arises: V/hy not include Hebrev/, French and other
languages?
"I maintain that German, next to English, is the most important commercial
language in the world, and in a city which as a million inhabitants of which
350,000 are German, as shown by the last census, that language should be
taught. The German- Americans are not unreasonable in expecting recognition
of their mother tongue.
"Lord Brougham once said: 'He who does not understand at least two languages
is only half educated.'
- 3 - GERMAN \a^-'-''' *''
%
^
Illinois Staats Zeitungt Jan. 26, 1893.
■,y
••Dr. Kiddle, superintendent of New York^s public schools for many years,
declared: *In those schools where the German language is taught in a most
meticulous manner we do not note any retrogression in the English branches;
to the contrary, one finds that the knowledge of English, specifically grant-
mar and composition, are improvedj it enables the scholars to express them*
selves more eloquently because It gives them a better insight in regard to the
true definition of words for their own language and it develops thinking in
general* •
^T. \1. T. Harris formerly superintendent of the public schools of St. Louis,
now Senior Professor at the Concord School of Philosoidiy, one of our greatest
teachers, and Dr. A. I. Rickoff, former superintendent of the Cincinnati and
Cleveland schools, report similar results. I can quote verdicts from many
such prominent authorities to prove the correctness of my assertions; that it
is important for Americans to learn German ^ere this language predominates.
•^Another eminent professional, W. T. Harris, U^ S. Commissioner of Education,
stated: *It is desirable beyond doubt, that the immigrant should be educated
in the same schools as the native-bom population, if he is to exercise polit-
ical power. With this principle in mind, most of the eastern and western
- 4 - GERMAN
Illinois Staats Zeitung, Jan. 26, 1893.
o
c/
cities that have large German populations, have included this Ismguage in
the regular curricula of their public schools. A large number of pupils
vho had heretofore been taught by foreign teachers in private schools went to
the public schools and, \riiile learning a little German, they absorbed a
large eunount of English which is very beneficial to their own future and
that of the native element. The influence of the schools affects the chlld-^
ren, and eventually reaches the parents and, where formerly only Gernmn was
spoken in the home, the entire family now speaks English, in order to fos*
ter the new generation's predilection. These German children, under the
tutelage of the public schools, grow into American citizens and are just as
good as the offspring of Anglo-»American citizens.*
•*It may be recalled, when Germnn tuition was first offered, (I believe it
was by the Franklin school), there were mEiny private schools in the north-
ern part of the city. The parents soon broke off their connections with
them and natriculated their children in the public schools.
**Several colleges announce: ^German should certainly be taught, but not in
the primary classes.* I sun of another opinion. The proper place and time
to learn German, is in the lowest primary class; in the first school year.
- 5 - GBRMAN
Illinois Staats Zeitung> Jan, 26, 1893.
••It is often said, that parents do not wish their children to learn German.
I will show an example to refute this* During the past year, application
blanks were sent to the principals of all schools with the request, that
they be answered by the parents as to the desirability of teaching German
to their children.
"^r. Zimmermann gave these forms also to the principal of the Lewis School
in Englewood, requesting that she distribute them* The lady replied that
the district is purely American, not 25 applicants would appear. Finally
she circularized the leaflets, although she objected in the beginning, and
what was the result? More than 400 children, most of them of non«^erman
origin, applied for German instruction.
**Busines8 men know from experience, that if a city has a large German pop-
ulation, then it is of great advantage to be familiar with that language^
just as French in New Orleans is well nigh a necessity* For years I have
been associated with manufacturing interests in this city and naturally
came in contact with many merchants. Innumerable times I have heard them
express their regrets in not being able to speak German, and deploring their
lack of opportunity, as during their youth foreign language was not taught
in the schools.'^
- 6 - G5RIIAN
Illinois Staats Zeitimg, Jan« 26, 1893.
ISfr. Goetz added the words of Ivlr. John B. Peasloe, former leader of Cin-
cinnati's public schools, an authority of national renown, who gave his
experiences anent the Gerimn question. Suffice it to say, he was opposed
to it, until he made the startling discovery that the students ^o studied
German, were the best scholars of the class. I.5r. Peaslee was prejudiced
on the German subject, just as many of our teachers and editors appear to
be.
'•Chicago is a cosmopolitan city, our country has invited all nationalities
to its shore; we should therefore be tolerant. Give the most thorough edu-
cation to our offspring and the future generations will reap the benefits.
To* abolish this important subject would be a decided retrogression. •*
At a future date, W. Goetz will express his views about gymanstics and ex-
plain why it is an important branch of our educational system.
I A 1 b •
I F 4 G3RM/IN
III A
I c Illinois Staat8 Zeitungt Jan. 5. 1893.
G5R}1\N INSTRUCTION.
Regardless of the recently renewed attacks of the *'nativi8tic" press, the
popular demand for German instruction mounts steadily and, commencing from next
Monday, it will be taught in all the public schools of the city, with the ex--
cepiion of a few small branch schools. A few years ago, German was taught in
146 schools, by 220 teachers while 40 schools in the annexed districts did not
list it in their curriculum. Through the efforts of the German school board
member, S« 6« Halle, new rules were adopted which made it possible for children
to include this subject in their studies, if they desired it, since these
schools are now under the jurisdiction of the new regulations. Already in Sep-
tember, 30 additonal schools taught German and next Monday another 13 will offer
this course* This means, that in all of the city*s 189 schools, the German
language will now be taught by 265 teachers, and that 40,000 scholcurs will
avail themselves of this opportunity. The year of the World's Fair also narks
the realization of aspirations for the friends of the Uerman tongue. Since
(jerman is now a regular subject in all schools, no particular difficulty will be
experienced in providing it, whenever new schools are being built. The German
Committee of the school board, and Dr« G. A. Zimmermann, bUpervisor of uerman
instruction, deserve congratulations for their success. Uay they also be able
. 2 - 9Mm.:^^^^
IllinoJg Staats Zeitung, Jan. 5, 1893.
'->. -^/i
to assure its continuance and to defend it againsi; the attacks of its adversa- .
ries in the future*
I A 1 l3
"Abendpost", January Sth, 1393.
. ' ^ WFA (ILL) PRQj J02/5
School Affairs.
On account of a lengthy, lively agitation there will iDegin on next Monday, the
teaching of the Cxerinan language in the Piiblic schools. So far, the School Board had
form letters -printed, which had to he mailed hy the PrinciT)als to the iDarents of the
pupils, tut the PrinciT)?ls, who as a rule 0T)TD0se the teaching of G-erman, failed to do
so-jT and threw the circulars away. According to a change in the rales, decided upon
by the Schoolhoard, the Principals are compelled to di^trihute the circulars among
the children.
75 of thf^se applications are sufficient, to introduce the teaching of Ge -man in
any school, and it is so easy to oh^ain this fig^j.re that there can he no douht, hut
tha,t by next Monday, with the exce-otion of a few branch schools, all the public
schools in Cnicago will start teaching (rerman. .
I A 1 b
; I B 3 b
■I B 2 I
I III Q Illinoi3 St:iat3 Zaitun-, ^;ov. 10, 1892 •
17 1 ' "'^
\ I.\J3 3TIC.
G^^Ri; m
According oo its origin, the title I^uiaje -ty does not belong to kin-s and
enrperors, but to the people. Originally-' it designated the liigheso pov/er and
dignit^f of the state and \7as attributed to the people of the Rornan Republic.
llaTestas populi Roman i - (llajesty of the Romans), t];r-t vns the title origin-
ally. Kings and emperors have stolen it fro:- the people, 3;'ielding to the
precedence set by the Roir^an emperors.
In the United States of Ai::erica, however, one nay still sn^.r, *'Po mli Ini-ri-
cani Ivlaje :tas'* - (The i:ia;-esty of the .linerican people). Never before did
t*e rna.iesty of the .Aj'.eric.^n people appear oo rnaje^jtic as on Iloveinber 8,
1892, Nev3r before in the historj'- of the ^7orld did it happen th*,t thirteen
to fourteen millions of voters made a decision in regard to their future rov-
ernment \7ithin a fev/ hours, at the ballot-box, after a few months of -^uiet
investigation and deliberation, and without sh.edding a drop of blood. ••
Is there any co: .^^arir:on between a change of government executed by a
people, and the succession to a throne due to "ohe death of the predecessor?
The peoole of a monarchy si-.Tplv have to accent a ruler, ./nether he is
- 9 -
a*^Ri.LyT
Illinoi^3 _Staat3 "!eii:un[;;, -lov. 10, 1^92
W.Pi. ?,
intellectually or morally co::pletely uiifit or not, to rovsrn a v;ell educated
and cult IT ed people.
On the otl'er hand, the Aj-.erican people '"*.ave .jus~. electel \^> their president
one of the t\/o capable, trustv/orthy men, '.i^.ori thoy themselves had nominated.
They have chosen the one v/hose principlec; more Tully correspond to their o\Tn
conception of general libert}/- and e-.uslity.
The American people nade the decision on 'November 8th tliat there should be
no second rate citizrns in this couiitr-"-, bixt that ^11 of thorn should enf'oy
actual rip:hts, irres^oective of their nationality^ and their mother-tonr-ue.
This is indeed a great and i.'.ajeetic gesture, exceedin[;:ly fitting and worthy
of a 'T'in-antic nation of free citizensi
V-> Cw»
rrir
The American r-'^ople manifested on this m.em.orable day its clear foresight
and its TDenetratin-^ understanding, bv its decision for a moderate tariff
reform, for hone^it money, for r.n administration as free as possible from
oartv "oolitics, for the continuation of sensible inunirrati on, for tlie
a^Rii"N
Illinois 3t aat s '^ -^- it u.-r- ^ 'lov, 10, 1893,
Droteccion of the ri^iitj of ^:.arentr3 in latter^v of edu. a.ti(;n, and ar;ainst
compulsory prohibition.
Clavoland, in his enjoy ire nt oi" victor-^ ./i^l undoubte'll^' rer.eiiber the r.ood
advic9 3iv3n to him personally about three . onths aro by a representative of
^his paper, our friend, . Hesinvi;. Tour ye'-rs a'';;o he lost lie-; Yor!:, and, as
a conse ..uence, o'"e presidency, boc'.use he permitted himself to follov/ bad
advice, namely, co be silen"^ on -Ghe -yae3^^ion of personal liberty. .
This tir.e, r.ov/evsr, list-jning to practical advice, '^le did express his oppo-
sition .0 the despotism of the prohibitionists^ the supr)res3ion of forei,^m
lanf^ia''*es, ?.nd interference v.'ith parental ri;;ht3. As a result of this, he
^.7on ITev/ York, as well as the presidency, anl, in addition, he captured the
states of Illinois and "'^isconsin, just as the practical adviser had pre-
dicted he v.'ould do, provided he follov/ed his advice.
»t;-
I A 1 t
I A 1 a
GER}4AN
Aljendpost. August 5th, 1S92. WPA (iLL/ PROJ. 3U275
School Report IS9O-.9I.
The annual report ahout the Schools of Chicago till June 30th, 1891f has just
"been published. President Nettelhorst says in his ret)ort, that there was a
financial crisis when he took office in I89O, principally caused hy the addition
of 700 tp^achers at the end of the schoolyear,
3000 teachers were employed of wlich only I90 were male teachers, 11 new
schools were "built and many localities rented for school purposes. The munher
of pupils were 1^6, 751 t an addition of 11,210 from the previous year. U5 evening
schools employing 256 teachers and 12,000 -pupils are in operation. The evening
high school has "been visited by 7II pupils. Payments of wages were $2,28S,782
total expense $3f 503f ^81,05. For German lessons the amount of $116,311 ^as
spent, and #36,133 pupils took part in German lessons of which there were 1332
pupils in the High School, of this number l6,527 were of- German descent, 10,132
Anglo-Americans and 9^7^ belonged to other Nationalities.
L.
I A 1 b
I A 2 b
II B a f
III A
I F 1
IF 4
III 0
ic
17
GERMM
/
Illinois Staats Zeitung< June 25f l892»
CRUSADE AGAINST HATRED OF GERl!A^]ISM.
The German-haters are again busy in different states* Again they are
aiming their attacks against the German language.
Instructions in German in our public schools is a thorn in the scanty
flesh of the hating Know->Nothings« Since they succeeded in suppressing
Gerxoan in St* Louis , one of the strong holds of Germanism, they have be*
come assertive*
The Germans not only have to keep up the fight for German in public schools 9
but must also continually defend their own schools if they do not wish to
be defeated*
- 2 -
GER&£AN
Illinois Staats Zeitungt June 25> 1892.
If 9 for instsmce, the present election campaign against the Edward Law
failsy the Know-Nothings in other states would immediately attempt to
suppress German in their public schools by a similar law*
For the sake of self-preservation, as well as for the welfare of German-
Americanism in general, the Germeuis in Illinois must summon their whole
forces, in order to complete the victory at the coming election, which they
won in part only in November, I89O, through the election of Raab«
We have often stated the irrefutable reasons why we can accomplish this
only if Alt^eld is elected, and if the state legislature is composed of a
majority of man, who will treat this burning question as did theiecent
Democratic state legislature of \Yisconsin* The Germans of Chicago and
- 3 - GERMAN
V^PA. Sj
Illinois Staats Zeitungt June 25$ 1892.
Illinois are preparing to form a united and invincible front against the
haters of Germanism. Previous religious differences and discords are
ignored* We see^ for instance, the following announcement in Catholic
papers t
**The German Catholics are now beginning to organize themselves on the
school question. The organization is preparing for a large convention,
which is soon to be held in Chicago. V/e understand that this convention
will make resolutions favoring the Democratic candidate upon the ballot,
and other resolutions which are in accord with those of the Lutherans.**
The Protestant German church members will not permit the friendly attitude
of the Catholics toward the Luthercms to react to the former's disgrace.
Neither will this happen to those Germans who have no religious affiliation,
because this matter is a question of life or death for them.
- 4 -
GERMAN
Illinois Staats Zeitung> June 25$ l892«
Everything points to the fact that Altgeld^ and the German school will
win a brilliant and definite victory at the November election*
f ■ 1
I A I b
III C
I F 4
in B
4
IAS
a
fs^Aj!
GBIttlAlI
L^
Die Al)endpo8t, June 10th, 1S92.
The Oerman-Catholic Convention.
. In order to protest against the School-instruction law in its present form, the
fterman-Catholic Organizations of Illinois decided to hold a convention. All
arrangements for this convention are kept secret, to prevent any interference from
the RepulDlican Party, which has proven repeatedly its sympathy with the sharper,
strict rules of the new School Law,
GEBMAN
Illinois Staats - Zeittmg, Uay 18, 1892
GERMAN THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY.
T!
Z^
^"•>.
Six young students of the German Theological Seminary, went through their
examinations recently. The German Theological Siminary, is located at Ashland 7^
Avenue and Augusta Street, and is under the direction of Rev. J.D. Severinghaus . F^
The directors of the seminary held two conferences yesterday, in which they con- ^
suited about a new constitution for this institution.
The directors have made an appeal to the friends of the seminary for financial
support. It is pointed out that this institution has trained and educated fifty
young men for the ministry since its foundation in 1885; and that it is entirely
dependent upon voluntary contribution for its maintenance. The expenses of the
institution are estimated as follows? salary and rent for the professors $1,750;
board and lodging for ten students $800; heat and light $250; miscellaneous
expenses $200. This is a total of $3,000, for the training of twenty-one
students. The synod to which this church belongs has appropriated $5,000; for
the payment of debts of the seminary.
I Alb
I A 2 b
T A 2 a Die Abendpost , t.arch 13, 1£92.
Tilt; c.-pc!:entg cf t m iLLi:fti:> ac;:ccL-L-':,v.
g:^k,:AI,-
As the enemies cf the proposed new Illinois School Ir.w are en the increase, -,i^
the Re|)ublic©Ji sponsors of this unfortunate end :. alicious le.w are ^han'^ing
ts.otics, orxd this only in due consideration cf the ccminj; presidential
election.
Now these Republicans, propose r>nd prcii.ise tlie complete rejection of the
whole School Law, in its present :^crr:» But they tre leaving so i-eny beck
doors end classes open .'or t.it: comeback :' the said Lav/, that v/e cejmot trust
the Republicoji standpoint. From the be:;*inninc: of this fight, the Democrats,
hove stressed the sti'ndprint, to accept tl:e Scliool Enforcement Law, but at
the sai^e time to report as a principal, any Schccl Lan2ua5;e instruction Law»
But the Republicans insisted, thot not only in public schools but also in
vhurch end private schools, the lonjuaf-e of instruction should be exclusively
Enclish. Tiir.e vdll show, which woy the public vnd the voters v/ill force the
issue*
I A 1 1) GSBMAN
Illinois Staats - Zeitung, Oct. 29, 1891.
INSTRUCTIONS IN GEHMAN
AH IKTBHBSTIK& EBPOHT FOB TEE OPPONENTS
The sophisticated, who made the assertion that the study of German in our
public schools should "be eliminated, "because of the fact that the great ma-
jority of the people are "becoming of the futility of the same and that a
general opposition against it exists, would do well to examine the reports
of Dr. Zimmermann, the a'ble director of German instruction. The following
figures are sufficient evidence that these exceedingly wise men are mistaken.
The interest in the teaching of German is not only diminishing, "but on the
contrary, is steadily increasing. Total num'ber of pupils studying German
29,642. Total num"ber of pupils in schools where Instructions in German are
given 57,000. Percentage of pupils studying German (exclusive of high schools)
32^. Pupils of German descent studying German, 13,248. Pupils of Anglo-
American descent studying German 9,159. Pupils of other nationalities studying
German 7,235. Number of schools where German is taught 129. Nuipber of teachers
of the German language 224. Increase in the num'ber of schools teaching German
since 1890, 26. Increase of teachers of German since 1890, 43. Increase in
I A 1 t - 2 - GERMAN
Illinois Staats - Zeitxing, Oct. 29, 1691.
--c
the number of pupils studying German since 1890, 5,379. g.
This is a very desirable result of which Dr. Zimmermann, as well as :^
the Soard of Directors, can te proud.
1 k 1 \) &ERI/AN
Abendpostt Oct. 29, I89I.
GERMAN INSTRUCTION IN PUBLIC SCHOOLS
The Director of Instruction in the German lan^a^e in public schools. Dr. Zim-
mermann, h^s finished f\ ret)ort for the month of Ser)tem"ber, which shows a con-
siderable increase of those who take part in the study of German. We coT)y
from the report the following information: ^
Total niimber of pupils studying German • . . . . 29 #6^2 <^
Total number of nupils in those schools where p
instruction in German is iR:iven • . ♦ ?7fOOO ^
Percent a,f^e of those studying German, exclusive
of high schools 3?$
Pupils of German descent 13,2^8
Pupils of Anglo-Saxon descent le^^rning German
Pupils of other origin stud^z-ing German ....
Number of schools where German is taught • • •
Number of teachers of the German language • .
CO
9,159 "*
7,275
129
22U
I A 1 ^ - 2 - . GEHMAIT
AbendDOst, Oct. 29, ISgi.
Increase of schools since I890 giving
instraction in Cjerman • • . . . 26
Increase in the number of tegchers •••••• U3
Increare of pupils since 1390 studying German • 5,379
CO
ro
-^
I
• ^
I \ l_b
Illinois Staats xduun-f:^ -ept. r,4, 1391
EXPAK3IGN OF T2 -.GHI'IG a:]R.:An,
• WPA(!LL)PRCJ. 30275
Progress to a re;.:arkable degrr;e v/as i.ade sever-l yoriVd ago in the study of Geriiian;
although instructions In tr:is languar/;e prevailed previously/ in our iii^^h schools 'ind
so called grairjiiar scroops. The scriool bo^j.rd .ade tr.e foilowin;; re^^uiations: The
study of German :as to be^in in the tiiird grade and inusx be carriea on through all
grades.
This rer.ulation has ei'iected the ins^^ruc ^ions in "errn:in in the rii[^her grades of
the eleiaentary schools already, so that the :oupil3 can receive the s rie instruction " ■=
for a longer period, and therefore more thorouWily,
Vr. Frank .'enter, a Gerroan if.einber of the school board, supported by tv;o of his
German colleague::, '^)rand and ''iehoii, lias merited recognition for this ■ bove men-
tionei change* The-, iiave, energetic lly nd successfully carried on the work,
v/hich !• Brentano originated.
I A 1 b
III B 2
I C
IV
GSRMAN
UJ
O.
tn.
Illinois Staats Zeitungt July 27, 1891.
FESTIVAL OF THE GERMAN CEJITRAL UNION,
(a Brilliant Speech of School Superintendent H. Raab^)
At the time when the German language^ the most valuable treasure of the
Gernan-^Americt^ns, was threatened with suppression by arrogant alien haters
and bigotS) the GenoGLn-^AJDerican Central Union was established • This Central
Union^ an alliance of more than a hundred different organizations of German*
Americans^ who united for the same purpose, and stand for the same lofty-
ideals , achieved great merits during that memorable battle of last fall, when
Vr. H. Raab emerged as victor.
It was natural then that the Central Union demanded a speech from that man
who had become their standard bearer in their glorious battle* The union
celebrated yesterday its first public festival at the Schutzen Park, and
Henry Raab, the School Superintendent of the state, gladly complied with their
request to be their speaker at this occasion. Striking and unique German words
it were, iriiich H« Raab used as a strong defense against the suspicion and
slander of the obscurantists and bigots.
GERMAN
Illinois Staats Zeitung^ Jxay 27, 1891*
Ft'ancis k. Hoffo&nn Jr«, the President of the Alliance, who introduced Ur* H«
Raab, made the statement that the union does not serve a political purpose, but
aims at uniting the different German-American elements for high GexiDan ideals,
and to fi^t in imison against despotic lAwa.....
. H» Raab*s Speech.
'^In many places in this country the Germans have come together, just as they
have done today, to cultivate German manners, customs, tastes, traits, and lang**
uage* They desire to maintain only those ideas and ideals vhich are not contrary
to the institutions of this country*
A part of the population of this country thinks it a crime if we try to culti-
vate legitimate traits* They demand of us to forsake the same and also, they
accuse us of requiring them to follow in our steps«*«««» The German nation among
all others stcuids upon the heights of civilisation* Its government permits
different tribes and clans to live as they please, so long as they do not violate
GERMAN (7,^.?^. 2
-3-
Illinois Staats Zeitmagt July 27,. 1891 •
the laws of the land. Greece was taken up with natlonalisffl, but it permitted its
different people to live according to their peculiarities* So it vas with the
Germans* The Swabians, Frisians, the Franconians, Saxons, etc., they aU were
loyal to the national ideal, and yet they clung to their peculiar tribal customs
and traits* In this country, the different GernBn tribes also are united in the
battle against their xmitual enemy*
We are patriotic* Te aspire to make our adopted country great and respected
before the world* But iriiat is patriotism? It is not of the intellect, but of
the emotion* •*••
The population of each country is divided into two classes, the workers or pro-*
ducers, cuid the unproductive s* Without fear of contradiction I assert that the
Germans belong to the first class* That is patriot isml
The German farmer wants to own the land which he wrested from the forest or from
the wilderness, and that is patriotism*
GERtL4N
-4-
o
\
^^tik
^
Illinois Staats Zeitimg> July 27, 1891 •
The couragi»ou8 struggle against *bi-metalllsffl** and **Greenback inflation*^, the deter-
mination to pay vith honest money, that is patriotism!
The Germans are conservatiye in their religion. They are strangers to the sensa-
tional, the revivals* But in art, the flower of humanity and civilization, the
GenoEins are leading. They excel in music, drama, sculpture, and that is patriotism*
We love Germany and are also loyal sons of the U« S. A«^
•• •«
I A 1 "b GSR? AN
Abendpcst, April 22nd, 1891.
DR. HIRSCK AGiilllST GSR2AN LESSONS.
The '^Union League Club'*', had its rer^ilrr quarterly meetin^j; It.st night and
after settlement cf soLie unimpcrtant formal ii.atters, the question cf -ermen
lessens in the public schools v;as ciscuosed. The v/ell knov;n Rabbi Dr. Kirsch,
and Ex-Govnrncr TIaard cf V^isccnsin, took this cppcrtui.ity to make scne speeches
of wliich the principal pcin^ was, tlu t no other lonf^ua^^e than -cin^^lish, should
be tau^:ht in the Dublic schools. Dr. Ilirsch, thouf:ht iiinself a decendent of
Gemen nationality, even stated, timt he v;as net pleasantly surprised by the
fact tiiat friends of the Gernen lessons in Chicago still had so iiuch success.
The teachings 'of the GerL.an l8n;';ua;^;;e especially in the elementary classes
sliould cease.
■t:
r
I A 1 b
I A Z a
IV Die Abendpostj '^ctcber 30th, 1890.
GREAT iJiSS-ISETING OF GiRI.AIJS
GSRt-AN •. V :
o
The Lutheran sji^ Evan^^elical Schccl-Coninittae, sponsored lest night's mass- \V'^
meeting at the 2nd Regiment Armory Hall# The speakers werej Franz A. Hoff- \';y
monn, Yfilheln Bocke, YU Eesing md YU Rapp»
They all spoke against the nev/ school law, ond aroused the n^eeting to a ^
stormy demonstration, while a luusic-corps was playing German molodies*
I A 1 b
I A 2 a
17 Die Abendpost, Cotcber 24th, 1890.
G3K.;aw
THE FIGHT FOR THE KCTHER LANGUAGE. ^
t c
I'r. Keinrich Raab, Democratic oondidate fcr the office of Superintendent of
Schools, spoke lost night in t ree different Halls, en the Siiti-German regu- f^f
lations cf the nev/ School-Law. ^-"
The first cf these t!:ree iii'^etincs was opened by i:r. i^jiton Hneck, iieiiber of the
Executive-Ccinnittee cf the Gemsji- American Control •Society. After his intro-
duction, llr. Kaab pointed cut clearly, the dt^ngers for the fTermens thrcugh the
efforts cf the new school-Law. The noted Icepublican, "iViihelm Eocke, also
voiced his opposition end was warcily oppla.uded by the listeners for his stern
ejid purely German standpoint in disreyerding all party lines.
The other tv;c meetings, presided over by ] r* Raab, at the Kaiser Hall, end the
School-house (21st ond Hcyne Avenue), ^Iso were crowded. ^iHicng other noted
speakers v/ere L.r. ph Koehler, ond llr. Fr. A* lioffiaan.
' 1 b
-?+. .
Illinois 3t*.aiis ^
3itimrjj_ Cc:. 1", lc90
VvPA(iLL)PROJ. 30275
Or -low . 1» •
In all the v;rades of the public schools v/liore Ger:.:.!! is t .u^;ht, 26,801 pupils
avail63d thei:.3slves of the cour33, uccorain to the 3ente'^^ber conscxS, < via duriiig
that period there \;ere 4-0, 7io scholru^s re:^:i3tere'i, .,hioh :jhov/s that 66 oer coiit, or
tv/o thirds of the total nu::i)er, studied the Torei/n l; ai^ua^ve.
Of the :?S,801 pupils, 12,268 ./ere oT 3er:::an orijin and 7,773 oi' h'i;j:lo-\..erican
parentar;e, .;hiie 6,760 c iiiiO of Irish, Scandinavian, "^ohoraian, etc., aiicestry,
German instruction is 'iv^n bv 191 teachers, all \/o.:en.
J ^ 1 t GEm.M
Die Abendpost, s^ctober 15, 1890.
T:IE Gjn^lAIT IJUCrVAGE IN "'E SCHv^CLS
Out of 40,736 pupils in schccls v/here Creman is tou^tht, 26,301 pupils tcok up the
study of rferniBji during the ncnth of September.
Of these 26,801 pupils i 12,268 are of •'Termoji pn rentage: 7, 773 of Angelo -American
8iid 6,760 of Irish, Scandinavien, Bohemian, etc.
The GeriiiBjn, instruction is ^iven by 191 teachers*
^
I A 1 b
I C
Abendpost, Au^j-ust IG, 1890.
GEKvAN
^ETiJUI L^IGUAGE IN THE PUBLIC SCIiCCLS^T'
In their fight against the German language, the Boheinietfis refer vrith a certain
pride tc the fcrmer Schcclboard President Adclph Kraus, whom they even caused
to speak in the Tu2*ner Hall on Taylor Street. As the speech was Bchemieji, the
•reporters had tc have the sarae trejisltted ond thus i^y heve rdsunderstccd some
of the speech* T'r. Kraus denied having sf.id tnat the Ge^T^^J^ l8n,^;uage should be
taken cut of Chicago Schccls. But cs the study cf ^[;;lish is their main object,
at least the pupils cf the lower grades shculd not be Lct.ered v;ith ejiy foreign
leji^uare.
;r<:( VT.i'^Tii^ ■'
«'%!
I A 1 b
Illinois Staats-Zeltttog. Fob. 20, 1890.
GERliAN
SUND£LL*S ilTIACK ON GERMAN INSTRUCTION.
:;■'/
-.,-»
*-.'
It is generally known, that Simdell twice offered a resolution to exclude
German from the prinary and grammar grades of Chicago *8 public schools • He
requested that the committee which was to investigate his German hate steeped
resolution should submit its report • He said: TFhus far, the committee has
been fflute^ it did not even utter a single syllable about it*** And he considers
such conduct as most peculiar* Mr* Nettelhorst, one of the members replied:
**If Ur» Sundell is in such a hurry^ and if there are no objections, then the
matter may be decided forthwith, without waiting for the com>:iittee*s recommenda*
tions***
Evidently this did not auger well for Ur* Sundell *s purposes, as he insisted
on being informed about the committee *s dissertations* Perhaps they will be
available in the near future*
I A 1 b
I C
GERMAN
Die Abendpost, Jan. 9, 1890*
MEETTING OF SCHOOLBQARD
The committee in cbarge of German instruction has not yet submitted its
briefs. concerning the discontinuance of German language as subject matter in
the public schools, as advocated by the anti-German Swede Sun^ell* They de-
clared: Mr* Sundell is not fully prepared to submit his reasons to the mem-
bers* Finance department reports, music instruction and other routine mat-
ters follow*
5
O
CERMi^N I
t3
<J*
I A 1 b
I F 1
I C (Sv/edish) Chicagoer Arbeiter Zeitunf^, Apr. 18, 1889 •
III B 2
II B 3 YESTEHD:\Y»3 SCKCCL BO/xHD I.3ETIITG ^
llr. Nettelhorst presided at yesterday's meeting, ^2
Mr, Sundell, a School Board member, of Swedish descent, who has prospered
on the "fat American soil,'' stood up and entertained his colleagues. He
demanded the acceptance of the follov;ing resolution:
Resolved, that the teaching in the German language in the primary and grammar
classes of the public schools, be stopped by the end of the present school year,
and that the labor and money v/hich has been alloted until now for these lessons,
be used for the teaching of English and other useful purposes, in such a way as
the committee for school superintendence and the superintendent may recommend I
He did not have much luck with his blooming nonsense. The School Board members,
Beale, Kozminski, V/enter and Doolittle protested against his demand, and
succeeded in having it sent to a committee for school supervision and German
teaching, for further examination.
5 in o"^'
o
I J
3=»
ChiCLi'^oer .o^beiter .Z;
eiLun
mJ*
'.^r . 1
o
1 ooo
TiiG request for abclis'iinrr ?rer:ian los3ono --rr sur)posed tc have be-sn started
some nontlis a^o. The voter^^ or tlie Chicago Turner ^..i strict pretested that
tine and ::ill, ^■:^'y[ all neans, re;:iind tho 3c:iool ^oard o" th:-t protest, 't.
Sundoll confessed he had delayed t'le riot ion
^ — O J.
ho elections vrere -^^assed.
rit.
The 250,000 '^er":an inhabitants of Chica^^^o vrould certainly -"aYO nade tlie re-
taining of 3-er:ian toachin^ a ca-:pai::n issue, and defaated Sundell's intentions.
/
I
A 1
b
I
A 1
a
III A
I
C
Chlcagoer Arbeit er Zeltunp, Feb. 23, 1889.
^CREIGN-LANGUAGE AND THE SCHOOI^T'
The patriotic sons of /unerica, i.e. the nat ivi 3 ts, resolved at their yesterday's
convention to recommend the teachin, of English as the only language in the
public schools •
They would brand as Tinpatriotic any attempt to include foreign languages in the
program of studies.
I A 1 b
II B 3 G^RMAIT
I F 3
Chicasoer xjbeiter Zeitunc. Feb. 11, 1889
A PROTJST AG^JxIST TllZ .xBOLITICIT OF G1]RILJT III TiU PUBLIC SCHOOLS
Yesterday morning a veiy inportant meeting v;jis held in the Lincoln
Tiirner Iiall. The spirit of gymnastics has not coripletely disap-
peared yet from amon^ the conservatives of the Turn districts as
the results h've indicated. The follov/ing resolution v.^s adopted
and sent to the School Board;
"uhereas the daily press reports that at the next School Board
meeting a motion v;ill be introduced to abolish the teaching of
German in the public and high schools •
"Be it resolved, that the Vorort of the Chicago Turn district,...
herev:ith strongly protests the adoption of any such measures.
This resolution v.'as adopted unaninously."
I A 1 b GERMAN
Illinois Staats Zeitunfi, January 28, I889. ^^,p^ ,^1^) PROJ. 30275
GERMAN INSTRUCTIONS METHODS OF TEACHING IN SCHOOLS.
I
The course in German in the local public schools constitutes in the greatest
part of the so-called optional studies* They are left to the choice of parents
of the children^ and are not included in the regular or obligatory plsm******
It is the duty of parents to notify the superintendent of the school^ if
they no longer desire to have their children take lessons in German* At the
beginning of the last term 29f484 children enrolled for the course in German^
and 699 only gave it up again*
Among the l6l Grerman teachers engaged during the last term, there are many
who can render a great service not only to the Germans and their children,
but also to themselves, if they only would recognize the importance of their
activity***..
I A 1 b - 2 • GERMAN
Illinois Staats Zeitung. January 28, l889* WPA (ILL.) PROJ. 30275
Some people are still under the impression that the time used in the study
of German is deducted from the study of English, but this is not the case.
When the mind of these Germsm students is being stimulated by a chetnge, the
others are trying to solve some English problems with more or less aversion*
These problems can be readily mastered at home or in school*
The pupils are divided into German and other nationalities according to nat<*
lonality of the parents* For each division, a special plan is arranged*
This plan is in operation for the present at the three high schools, and in
those elementary schools, which are attended by a great many German-^American
children* A comparison of the different nationalities during the last term
uncovered the following facts: Of the 29f4-84 pupils enrolled for German
instruction, euid divided into 1^172 classes with l6l teachers, .
I A 1 b - 3 - GERMAN
Illinois Staats Zeitung. January 28, l889. WPA (ILL) PROJ. 30275
13^014 were of Geraan descent, not less than 7965? of English - Americans,
and 8,813 of Irish, Swedish, Bohemian, and other nationality. Of the total
number of students 26,135 were born in the United States, and 39449 elsewhere.
The high schools divides the students of Gennan into those who took lessoins
in the elementary schools, and into those who neglected it suid desire to catch
up» In the North Side high school, 251 pupils of the average total of 4259
or 5^ P^r cent, studied GerBan, on the South Side 38 per cent, and on ithe
West Side, 32 per cent*
The curriculum of the German department in high schools is so arranged that
the students after completing a course of four years, not only can speak,
read, and write German fluently, but they are also initiated into the beauties
of German literature and are made familiar with the essential German charact-^
eristics •
I A 1 b - 4 - GER?iIAN
Illinois Staats Zeitunp;, January 28, l889» iufps^ (ML.) PRCJ. 30275
The chief credit for this is due to the careful and proficient compilations
of a classical reader by Dr, ^mmermann. This work contains such excellent
selections from the best literature of great German authors and poets
that it is not only a most interestin,p^ and valuable book for children,
but also for adult s» Lost practical and effective is the division of
the study material. In the two lower grades the puoils receive instructions
in gr^unmar, and pictorial lessons. They p;et exercises in reading:, trans-
late from German into English, reproduce orally, or in writing, what
he or she read, saw, or heard, ;\rrite letters and compositions, etc.,
so that they are able to finish grammar in the third year and can read
with understandin-^ Schiller's dramas, ''Vir^^in of Orleans," and **William
Tell." During the fourth year repetitions are made. The fourth part
of Fimmermann's reader is studied thoroughly, and partially memorized
by brief notes and outlines*
I A 1 b - 5 - GSR}/jm
Illinois Staats Zeitunfc, January 28, I869. WPA (ILL) PROJ. 3C2/b
The time allotted for the study of German in all classes of the high
schools 8Lnd in the 5"th to the Sth graifirnar ,^^rade, ie 30 minutes daily,
but only 20 minutes for the two lov/est grades. •••••
I A 1 b
I C
GSRhiAl^
Illinois Staats Zeltun^, September 3, 1888* '^i^rk^^
SITEMIES OF THE OEHMAr LAITGUAGS ''-^-^
There have been some changes ma:^e in the ne-v and revised regulation of the
School-?o?.r(5 in -egard to German instructions in our schools. This hs.d been
done, obviously, to reinove the cause of com-cleints on the part of certain
element^:', in particular Bohemians, who are opnosed to German instructions for
their children, and rho make the assertions that their children are being
compelled to take lessons in the Germaji lan^ua5:e«
The "paragraphs, ha.ving reference to th^se reflations, read as follows!
•
"Section 53 - German - The instructions in German can start with the third
and continued through all the different ^ra^ es a. - a a^raduated course. After
the course has started, no more students for the German classes can be ac-
cepted, unless they are capable of taVrim^ up th^^ study Knd to continue with
the others in the class. Parents or £:ua.rdlans are at liberty to send, or not
to send the children to these instructions- in German in our Primary, Grammar and
High Schools. .
A course in German sh.'cll be given in p^ny school, if oarents of 50 students of
that particular school district send in a written request, and the instructions
.k' »■-■ / :
- 2 -
Illinois Staats Zeitung, September 3, 1888, '\?^ ' ' 'fo>
shall continue so long as 50 students r)8rticioate. Only then crn an apolication
be con^^idered and counted, if the child, for \7hom application is being introduced
in accordance with regulations by the school-board.
*•♦
I A 1 b
II B 3
I C
GEJUtd/lLN
nilnois Staats Zeitung. July 28, 1887.
IN FAVOR OF CHARLES H. HAM.
-^^
<y
The Chicago "^Turxidr** community held its regular meeting last night at the
North Side **1bzxi0r Hall*^ at uriiich current business matters were discussed first*
Then lisuc Stem addressed the audience^ pointing out in his speech the intportance
of electing to the Board of Education^ men in favor of the generally recognised
excellent German teaching method, such as our Normal School has given as a
splendid exanqple^ Just recently our Normal School was in grave deuiger of being
piat out of existence 9 but theuiks to some of our prominent G^ermans and to the
friends of this institution, through whose efforts this school was saved, and to
its splendid director, the German school system was retained* Mr« Stem intro-*
duced, then the well known American schoolmaster, Charles 5ary« Charles Bary,
an English Americcui, delivered a speech in German, praising Charles H« Ham as
one of the most inspired followers of the Gez*man teaching method, spending all
of his leisure hours studying pedagogy, ajid came to the conclusion that the
German school system is the most successful system. **Great deal of credit goes
to Ur* Ham for saving our Normal School, and the continuation of its present
^ ^ '^
Illinois Staats Zeitiing^ July 28, 1887*
system under **Colonel** Parker,** he remarked. *n^erefore I consider Ur« Heun
as a most capable person for member of the school board • Ur» Ham is not
willing to accept this position if politics are brought into it, and only
if our citizens themselves would nake the offer to him* Mr* Rosenthal ex*
plained then, that lir. Stem had worked out a resolution regarding the nom-
ination of a member to the school board, which he would submit to the meet-
ing for approval. The resolution is as follows: It is known to the Turner
community that a certain gentleman chosen for this position has declined to
accept the honor of the appointment, and being convinced that our citisen
Charles H« Heun is especially well equipped to fill this vacancy to the
advantage of our growing generation* The Chicago **Tumer'* community has
resolved: to appoint a committee of three of whom the first speaker shall be
instructed to contact the Mayor of Chicago in the name of the '•Turner'^ com-
munity, with the request to appoint Charles H. Ham as member of the school
board* Also to give the committee a free hand in this matter in order to
convince the mayor that the appointment of llr* Ham would be in accord with
the wishes of our citizens* This was accepted without a debate, and a
committee consisting of the following was appointed: Louis Nettelhorst,
- 3 •
GERIJ/IN
Tllinois Staats Zeitung^ July 28, 1887
Max Stern, W. H. Hettich.
U/
W.P.A
^'J \^/
tT
I A 1 b
II B 2 d (1) Illinois Staats-Zeitung, Jixly 8, 1886
aEBlAN
II A 1
THI NATIONAL GERMAN- AMERICAN SCHOOL
ASSOCIATION.
The National German-Americ an School Aslociation was founded Jiine 11th, 1885,
according to the annual report, received yesterday from President Hermann
Schuricht of the branch organization in Chicago* Starting out with thirty
members, this branch group took over for one year the supervision of local
groups to be organized all over the country* All incoming money was used
for propaganda, which aimed to arouse the Germans of America for the
preservation of their mother tongue* In order to make this propaganda more
effective the Chicago branch group published a journal, the "Correspondenzblatt"
which appeared every three months and contributed considerably to spread the
aspirations of the young organization* The constitution, adopted by the
N* G. A. S. A. is similar to the one used by the General German School
Association (Allgemeiner Deutscher Schulverein) in Germany* The German-
American Teachers' Association and the German-American Authors' and
Journalists' Convention are doing their utmost to further the gigantic
enterprise, tvhich will carry German instruction to all parts of the United
States*
Illinois Staats-Zeltun.1, Muly 8, 1386 W^ ^ ^*
So far branch groups have been established in Milwaiikee Wisconsin; Grand
Rapids, Michigan; IndianRpolis, Indiana; Cincinnati, Ohio; Dayton, Ohio;
Alameda, California^ Other branch organizations will follow soon in Evansville,
Indiana; New Orleans, Louisiana; New York City; San Francisco and Oakland
California; Richmond, Virginia; Baltimore, Mar^dand and Schenectady, N. Y»
The Chicago branch group is planning the opening of a German kindergarten which
would be the first establishment of its kind in Chicago, and has been sponsored
particularly by the Illinois Staats-Zeitung and Freie Presse. The German
kindergarten will help probably more than the school itself, to interest the
youngsters successfiily at a tender age in German.
According to the rules of the organization's constitution, the first convention
of the N, &• A. S. A, will be on June 19th and June SOth» The necessary
arrangements to receive and house the expected delegates, will be made in time;
I A 1 t
IV
GERMAN
Per Westen Illinois Staats-Zeitun^, November 8, 1885
^SRMAN AMERICAN ASSOCIATION HOLDS MEETIN^T'
The National German- American School Association of Chicago, held a meeting
last Thursday, with Mr« Schuricht as Chairman and Mr* Pick as Secretary* The
resignation of Dr* Fredericks as member of the Board of Directors, was
generally regretted* Mr. Prick proposed that two more members be added to
the Board of Directors, but Mr. Schoepflin was of the opinion that it would
be more to the point to appoint an agitat onfcomnittee for the i5urpose of
propaganda* This committee shall consist of the director and ten members*
This proposal met with approval and the fallowing members of the committee
were elected: Messrs* William Vocke, Emil Hoechster, Pranz Gindele, Prank
Arnold, Max Stem, Dr* Christmann and W* H. Lotz, Mrs. Talika Baur, Miss
Anna E. Hundt and Miss Elsbeth Thiclepape* The vacant position of Dr*
Fredericks was filled by the appointment of Dr* R. Seiffert. The Chairman
then proposed several things of which the following were approved.
I. To direct a written request to all German lodges and societies
of the city of Chicago to join thi^ association with an annual
donation in accordance with the statutes.
II. Public meetings in various parts of the city, \inder the auspices
-2- GEmAJllT ^ 4/
fc.y?**
Per Westen Illinois Staats-Zeitung, November 8, 1685 "^
of the German-American Societies, with the purpoze of working on the aims of
the Society.
III» To appoint a committee for every part of the city, and to win
speakers for the meetings*
IV# To keep the German language alive, all the German Societies are
requested to give their support to the establishment of public
German- English Kindergartens, Especially the church communities,
school hoards and Turn societies are requested to donate rooms
necessary to house the proposed kindergartens*
?• To express to the school board our appreciation for the re-
installation of German in the upper primary grades of public
schools, with the hope that teaching Germ*an in the lower grades
will be only a question of time.
VI, To acquaint all school boards and teachers that offers as well
as applications for aid of German teachers will be published by
the Correspondenz-Blatt free of charge*
I A 1 b
II B 2 d 12), Illinois Staats-Zeltung, June 21, 1885^ GERMAN "
II A 1 ^ •
17 4 /SARLY EFFORTS TO INCORPORATE THE GERBIAN LANGUAGE
III G m THE ABCSRICAN PCfBLIC SCHOOIS/
The first groups of German immigrants came to America when Germany was in
a state of povertyt desolation and demoralizationt and therefore did not
bring with them a lively interest for intellectual progress^
There have been sporadic efforts by German teachers end preachers, who
c«me from Germany to introduce German instruction permanently into American
]^,ublio schools* These efforts often failed, particularly during and after
the American Civil T/ar, 1860-1864, which engulfed the whole interest of
the entire population in the United States*
Finally in August 1880, a group of 170 German-American teachers founded Hie
first Germf^n- American Teachers Association* The latter ^undertook the task
of improving the whole American public school system parallel to German
educational programt which was expressed subsequently, in a teachers' •
• 2 - GERMAN
Illinois Steiats Zeitung^ June 21, 1885#
newspaper, the Deutsohe Sohul Zeitung; (German School Journal )# Of course
there have been many obstacles and enemies to the preservation of the German
instruction, as shown by the recorded reports of German-American Teachers*
Convention, irtiich have been held euinually*
With all the ups and downs, experienced by the sponsors of the Germeux in-
struction, the latter do not today present a very encouraging picture^
Even' today, most children of German parantage do not receive any German
instruction* In fact, the mass of the population show no interest to
speak of concerning the subject of educational problems, and particularly
that of the German language, the preservation of which is confined to small
groups of patriotic Germans. If the emigration keeps up from Germany, we
shall d€U*e to hope, that sometime in the future, the German- American elements
will organize more solidly towards a happy future and permanent home for the
German language in this country*
I A 1 b GEi.MAN
Illinois Staats Zeitung:« June 13, 1885»
NATIONAL GERMAN-MERIC/IN SCHOOL AG-^OCI ITION^
(NATIONALER DEUTSCH-AMSRIKANISCHSR 3CHUL V::RIN) "
The first meeting of the National German-American Sohool Association, v/hich
has been founded by twenty-five prominent Germans, met last night at the
Ilenrici Hotel. A decision was adopted to orj^/inize at first a Chicago branch
group, which would be the leading center ^supervising board, until city branch
groups have been organized. The following oificers for the Chicago group
were elected:
H» Sohuricht, president; H. H. Pick, secretary; E» Pruessing, treasurer;
Dr. E. G# Kirsoh, Dr. Ed. Frederick, L. Schutt and Alb. Schoepflin, advisers.
An additional propaganda committee was selected to send out appeals to all
German residents and arouse their interest for the preservation of German
culture and the German language*
I A 1 b
TV
G^'RI/IAN
Illinois 3taats Zeitixnr^^ Ajril 9, 1885*
THr: GSRLIAN L NGUAQ" IIJS ...UCTION.
The German residents of Chicago will learn with great satisfaction thatf
according to tiie latest decision of the Board of Hkiuoationt German in-
struction will start in the 3rd grade of all T^ublic schools* Previously
the teaching of German began with the 5th grade*
This has long been the aim of the Suj erinteudent of German instruction*
He believed that German instruction could never be entirely successful as
long as it was confined to the upper grades*
The Germans have every reason to feel grateful, espec^ially tov/ards the ooiiunittee
membersf Comrade Niekof t Prank V.enter, Rudolf Brans, and to the Superin-
tendent of German instruction, i-^r* A* Zimmermann, who in conjunction w^ith
President Doolittle have been working on this problem for several years*
- ^PK ?^
I A 1 ^
IV
Illinois Star-ts Zeitung:, Jrnuary ??nd, 1.^^:^^.
THE G^m^lAll LAIIGUAGE
The menders of tne l3oard for German instr^artion h^ld a special meeting,
yest'^rday, T)resicied over "by Mr. D. ZiTimermann, Snr)- rintendpnt of the Board of
Education, Since Dr. Zimmprmann has held this iirroortant riosition, the study
of tne Gprmsn lrn^JL?ge has .rnin-d considerably in Chir^^. He knew how to
select a staf f^ of cn-oahle C^er^an instructors, who are now tear-hin^ in all
uo-oer grades of our -ouhlic schools. As a f;i-^t, nore t:"an half of all
TDupils are learning the German language.
During yesterday's meetin , Dr. Zimnprmaiin presented TDl^-ns on how to intensify
interest in the German langi.iage and thus carry its study to all "oarts of
the city.
I A 1 b
GEPi.'AlT
Illinois Stap.ts Zeit-.mg. Jcmirry 'i, 13'?5.
THE GK?U'.iAK LANGUAGE IN LAKE VJSV/
^
\ r>
A grer^t many German resitlents of Lnke View hplrl a Tieetin^, yestprday after-
noon, nt Korn' s Hall, Dresicled over "by F. YI , Labahn, who introduced Mr. E.
Rur.mel as s-^^eal^er of trie <^.t'^y. Mr. Pjimmel e-jcnla.ined the standpoint of Lake
View German settl^^rs, wno have wi. sned since many years t:"ie introduction of
German in instruction in Lake View nublic schools.
All further action on tnis subject was transferred to an af^it-^tion committee,
whicn will start at once to circulate twelv- petitions at the same time, in
"^rder t^ get the necessc'-ry ni;m"ber -^f sign- t:res tov;ards tne realization of the
T)lan,
I A 1 1)
II A 1 "" GEHMAN
The Chicagoer Arbeit er Zeitungt August 1, 1883. .,,,
THE 14th GERiMAN AI.ERICAN TEACHERS ^ DAY
Last ni^ht in the beautifully decorated Turnlialle of the Korthside
the "Reception" of men and women teachers took place. Besides the guests
many friends of the science of education and officials were present.
Dr# (>• A* Ziramermann, Chairman of the Central Council, opened the meeting
with a hearty welcoming speech, in which he particularly emphasized the
necessity of the teachers promoting German instruction and in which he
called it their task to preserve "the German character as one of the stones
with which to build the American nation" . Mayor li^rrison followed with
one of his characteristic speeches, comparing the German with the Grecian
lanf^uage and agreeing with Charles Francis Adams that we should replace the
Greek by the German language in the High School. Learning the German
language gives just as much discipline to the mind as the study of Greek,
but has the added advantage of being a living language, and indeed on& wrhich
has a mighty influence on the development of the American nation. Tirie
Mayor also praised the German educational system that broixght the children
I A 1 b
II A 1 - 2 - GSRliAl^
»
The Chicagoer Arbeiter Zeitung, August 1, 1883* vVrA (ILL.) Pr;j,30275
up to happy fun-loving human beings. He terminated with these words:
"The German language opens to the American public a great volume of poetry
and knowledge, ajid I, too, hope, ladies and gentlemen, to be able to greet
you next year in German." Then the Assistant School President Delano in
place of the absent School President Rowland and Federal President, Mr.
H. Schuricht gave speeches.
Prom the latter^ s address we give a few interesting sentences:
"Ksy friends, the time is serious^ Several times in the last few months
storm clouds have threatened the German-American Schools and their
achievements, - and though in most instances the sky got clear ag^in,
here and there traces of destruction are left and cause a feeling of
insecurity in German-American circles.
"I remind you of the attacks on German instruction in St. Paul, in St. Louis
and other places, - and the severe blow the legislature of Missouri has
dealt the kindergarten in the City of St. Louis. In facing these fanatical
enemies, who are trying to place the German-Americans in an untrue and
anti-American position, and are willing to sacrifice to their antipathy.
I A 1 b_
II A T - 3 - C-£ffi,IAK
'>i"S^>
The Chicagoer Arbeiter Zeiting, August 1, ie93# V»>A i^^ i.H KOi. v:-;i:;t
without any scruple, the sacred and highest interest of the RepubliCt
which is the equal education of all groups of American children- it is
our duty to take a resolute and self confident attitude. We only demand
to he acknoTTledged as what in fact we are: As Americans-which we became
in clear consciousness and of o\ir own free will not through the accident
of birth. We only ask for our due rights: To be permitted to serve
the coiintry to which we belong in our way, and with our means, and we
demand not to be molested, when we try to implant in the minds of our
children through our mother langiuige in which we naturally can express
OTirselves best, the love and loyalty for the Fatherland which is a
recognized virtue of all Germans, for which they have over there(sad
to say) as well as over here, frequently paid with their life and bloods
Therefore vay friends, we must stand shoulder to shoulder in order to defend
our rights*"
GEB3S.1AN
I A 1 b
II B 2 d 11)
Chlcagoer Arbelter Zeitung. Mar. 29, 1882.
CORRESPOKDENCE (BRIEFKASTEN)
Friend of the Arbeit er Zeitungt Why did the Arbeiter Zeitung alone among §
Gennan papers in Chicago, publish the exact details from the report of one ^
school director regarding the position and progress of German teaching? £
To all appearances it is her principle to supply her readers all interesting S
news in short but thorough fashion* That a paper like that ^criminal's mouth- ^
piece« (Illinois Staats Zeitung) ignores German instruction entirely is ^
evident.
I ^ 1 b
111 iiiG i s Jt g V t s -^e i tuiif : , July 1, lOGl
SCHCuL hOlOD
CrQv:rj3.ii Instruct ion
• •• . •^rf^iislator^s ::ote: Non-C-er.Vicin ite:.xS are omitted in translation^
i.r. -^inflish :.ade a motion ro'^ardinc Oerixan instruction, v;herein tlie Ooij.iittee 5
on Cfeman v;as required to nake a report at the becinninc oi' the school tenn -^
■and suggest chan£:es in teaching methods, in order to i.iake the subject raatter r~
as effective as possible and also to i.iake such arrangements that other -^d
branches will not be affected thereby. o
Co
His iTiOtion v;as adopted. ^
C-7
rVy
he meeting v/as adjourned.
I A 1 b
GLrJ/AN
Illinois 3taats-_:eitun ', Jan. 28, I88I.
OilTING OV T!!j] school '30 UlD
J ?
Yesterday's regular semi-monthly meeting of the school board presided
over by Pres. Delaney, was taken up with the report for the school-year,
l879*80. The report stated that the study of Gertaan in public schools
had made great progress under the guidance of Dr. Zimmermann. The
Foster and Pickard schools had added this subject to their curriculum in
the past ye-ir. The Jone:-, liickersonville, ilaymond, and the I'arquette
schools have also made application to include the subject in their studies.
At the beginning of the school-year, I9OO students requested Germsin instruc-
tion, an increase of 500 pupils.
I A 1 b GESmS
Chlcagoer Arbeiter Zeltiuigt ^sm. 5, 1881.
^ERMAN IN THE PUBLIC SCBDOIS/
Even 4,00 School children taking German lessons in a city like Chicago, with 130,000
Germans is still very little. Amongst this number are many children of speculative
American business men, who let their children learn German out of business consider-
ations .
However, the German language has broken the ice in the public schools and there will
be no danger that it will be suppressed as it seemed very likely with the previous
Committee last Spring.
y \
I A 1 b GERMAK
lY
Chlca^oer Arbelter Zeitiingt Jgrxiary 5th, 12S1.
The German Language Taught in Public Schools.
The following ret>ort of the Supervisors of the German School Lessons,
Zinnncrman to Mr. John C. Richherg, President of the School Committee for the
German Lessons at Public Schools is more active and effective than th? "orevious
one.
To Mr. Richberg, Chairman of the Committee, I give the statistical report of
the position of the German Lessons during the period July to De^cemhcr, 1S30:-
On June 30th the German language was taught in 20 grammar schools and U High
Schools, the number of TDupils was 2,5S7f the number of teachers 21. During the
last half yearly period German Lessons have been introduced at S new schools,
" The Jones", '^Nickersonville," "Raymond", "Marquette", "Clark", "Douglas",
"Wicker Park" and "Burr School." There remains only 6 grammar schools in town
where the German language is not taught. The following index gives the names of
the schools, the number of DUpils in the grsmrnat schools, the number taking part
in German Lessons, and the number of teacher st-
G-:K/JU;I
Chicagoer Arteiter Zeltung. Jamoary 5th, 1381.
Schools
Total Puoils
Totel PuTiils
•
taking German
Lessons
%
Scammon
ISU
65
Kinzie
325
135
Franklin
565
277
Washington
17U
51
Mosely
65^
363
Bronst
636
195
Ogdcn
U51
200
Hewsberry
175
127
Wells
2SU
132
Akinner
321
70
Haven
282
155
Cottnge Grove
165
62
Douglas
295
162
Lincoln
239
1S2
Carpenter
101
U5
King
31s
^9
No. Clark
131
68
Poster
U86
293
Teachers of
German
1
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Chicagoer Arbeiter Zeitiing. January $th, ISSl.
Schools
Pickard
Jones
Nickersonvills
Raymond
Marquette
Clarke
Douglas
Total PuTDils
9U
193
97
1^2
^59
275
629U
Total Pupils
taking German
Lessons
133
61
21U
162
3399
z '^n^ ^
<b'y
GSiaiAN
Teachers of
German
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
2S
The Wicker Park and Burr Schools will,
1880, introduce German lessons.
after a resolution of Deceml)er 20th,
The total nutel)er of all pupils in the 25 schools Decerr.'ber 31st, 1880, is
629^f the numher of German pupils 5399» The niiml)er of puT)ils in the High
Schools are 1132 of which 257 participate in German lessons. This totals
7^26 TDupils of i?hich 3656 take German lessons ahout 50^» By the rule of 20
GEHJvlAN
Cnica^oer Artel ter Zeltung, January 5tl^f ISSl. Vj', ,>^
in several classes in 13 of the 25 schools, 979 puDils are prevented from
learning the German language.
If this rule was not in force atout l/3 (326) of these "puTDils wbuld particij)ate
in the German lessons. January 3rd, 1?S1 an increase of 330 pupils is emected,
whereto must "be added the T)ut)ils of the 2 new schools. Wicker Park and Burr
which would make a total of UOOO,
Dr. G. P. Zimmerman
SuTDerintendent of the German Lessons.
I A 1 t GmiAN
Chicago Arteiter ZeUung, Aug. 14, 1880.
(GaRiaan lessons)
For the first time liayor HaTrison has approved of German lessons in Public
Schools, asking the school inspectors, Heyne and Keith, to let the question
rest. He would have done much "better, however, if he had nominated such
persons as members of the school council, who were not expected to "be anti-
German and opposed to German education. ^
I A 1 b
GERMAN
Chlcagoer Arbelter Zelt\mg> Aug* 14, 1880 •
THE TEACHDJG OF THE GEBRKAM LANGUAGE
For the first time. Mayor Harrison has decided in favor of the teaching of ::i:
German in the public schools by instructing the School Board members, Heyne S
and Keith, who appeared to express their thanks for their reappointment, to 3
let the question rest ¥diere it stands* r;
He would have done much better if he had only appointed such persons to o
members of the School Boaid of whom it could not have been expected that they L^
were hostile to the Germans and opponents of German teaching* ^
en
I A 1 b
GEHJAN
Chicagoer Arbeiter Zeltung, July 30, 1880.
GERMAN LESSONS (I^2ETII>IG OF THE SCHOOL COMiITTSE)
Charles Decker has been elected again as teacher of The German language,
in the Moseley School, and was proposed by Mr. jiorke.
With 9 votes against 4, it has been decided to approve the application
for the introduction of German in the Jones cmd Nickersonville Schools.
Bernan, Armstrong, 3orke, Keith, i^'rankenthal, Delany, Ribzberg, Stensland
and Hoyne were for English. Frake, Curran, Giles against the proposal.
Borke, Frankenthal and Richberg as a Comraittee for the German lessons,
reported about the unfavorable effect of the resolution made in the year
•79 (that in each class of the free schools, the lessons in one of the
non-obligatory subjects should be abandoned if there are less than 20
pupils.) This rule has done great harm especially to the German language,
as the teaching of the language has been interrupted in the middle classes
and it was not possible for the pupils having taken German lessons when
entering High School, to participate in German lessons in advanced German
I A 1 b - 2 - (gaSMAN
Chicagoer Arbeiter Zeitung, July 30, 1880.
classes except in 6 schools* Crerman lessons are given in the 8th grade
and in many schools no longer in the 7th*
^ *
C-
With a frequent change of address among the population it happens that '^ ;
the lessons in Gerraan are instantly interrupted if the number of pupils
participating, falls beneath 20, and is taken up again immediately when
this number is again reached. For these reasons the Committee recommends
the repeal of the foimer resolution. Referring to the progress, which
German education has made notwithstanding these aggravating circumstances, the
Committee reported very favorably. In the beginning of the year German les-
sons have been given in 18 Grammar Schools. In the School-year 1879-80 the
number of pupils studing German rose to 3004, as compared with 2308, in the
previous year.
As regards the number of pupils, the Committee made several recoramendations
to get better results (which seem to be very necessary: Note of the Editor) ,
and finally, recommended the iutroauction of German lessons, in the Marquette
and Raymond School.
I A 1 b
(SIRMAN
Illinois Staats-Zeltung, Jan. 9, 1880.
KTIOVMJOTHDIGS BEATSN
Proponents of German Instruction V/in
The school board held its regular session yesterday. Inspector Brenan was
the only absentee, and Stiles left before the meeting i«as adjourned^ Adoption
of a new kind of steam pump. ..•leases
German Instruction
Mr. Yocke, a member of the school board, spoke about the petitions for German
instruction at the Pickard and Foster schools and made a motion to grant the
requests.
Mr, Stone protested a^rainst the motion. In so far as the Pickard School vjas
concerned, he said that the petition had not been signed by reputable citizens
and parents, but by hui'ian derelicts such as one finds in dives and disreputable
c.
c
r
I A 1 b - 2 - GERMAN
Illinois StaatS"Zeltung> Jan. 9, 1880,
saloons, and for that reason Vocke*s predece.^sor had denied it. He would
have to protest against the petition unless proper evidence coiild be produced
to shov: that the signatures were genuine. In regard to the Foster School
Mr. Stone found there was no demand for German instruction and therefore he
v/ould also protest that petition. He made a notion to postpone both
applications indefinitely.
Mr. Vocke strongly objected to Mr. Stone's aspersions. He said the assertion
that the petition was withdravm by his predecessor was just as \mtrue as the
accusation that the names v/ere collected in dens, and the statement was
slanderous; that llr. Stone would not be able to prove this. If Mr. Stone
happened to be opposed to German instruction, then he should be candid about
it and not take recourse to falsehoods and baseless suspicions. The petition
had been received by the school board a lone time ago, giving Mr. Stone
sufficient opportunity to investigate whether the signatures were admissible
or not, but regardless of this, he stooped to vile insinuations.
^
I A 1 b - 3 - (aiRtlAN
Illinois StaatS"2:eitun^> Jan# 9, 1880.
Mr. Richber^ proved by the minutes of the school board that lir. Pruessine had
not withdrawn the petition as lir. Stone claimed, but on the contrary, had
alv/ays objected to the board* s deferrinc^ action whenever he mentioned the
Liatter. lir. Richber^^ was willing to assume full responsibility for the
validity of the signatures appearing on the Pickard School petition. Nobody
would have any interest in supplying fictitious names in behalf of Gerioan
instruction. Mr. Stone's statement was on a par v/ith the fantastic claims of
an alleged German, in reality a Swiss adventurer, who s^iid that onlj'' 2,000
children out of 50,000 wanted to study German, and that this subject in our
schools was a i)olitiC£l humbug.
Mr. Richberg then showed, by referring to official figures, that nearly one
half of the pupils who were given an opportunity to learn Gennan enrolled in
the course, in spite of the inhibitory rule that twenty pupils must apply
before the subject is included in the curriculum, a provision which excludes
hundreds from taking German instruction. It was a disgrace that the school
r~:
o:
-.1
CJ--
I A 1 b - 4 - GERMAN
Illinois Staats-Zeitung> Jan. 9, 1880.
boai^d quoted the nonsense so glibly disserrdnated by a political adventurer,
when the absurdity of it all was plainly apparent in the official records*
Mr, Richberg said that he was fxilly av;are that many members of the school
board were opposed to German instiniction and that they xvere bitterly disappointed
because the "Rule of Twenty" excluded only two hundred children from the German
classes instead of one thousand. He favored the German language studj'-, and
also singing and drawing in the public schools » because he considered them to
be necessary subjects.
Mr. Curran asserted that Gerrnan lessons were a luxury which the people could 'Z
not afford as long as we had 8,000 children who obtained only partial schooling ^I
and 7,000 pupils who were compelled to attend school in badly ventilated and Sr;
unsanitary rented buildings. " ■
Mr. Stone insisted that the Pickard School petition was only humbug and that
the signatures were fraudulent. Besides, it was a fact that participation in
I A 1 b - 5 - OSRMAN
Illinois Staats-Zeitunc, Jan* 9, 1880,
German instruction dropped fifty per cent during the last five years* The
records showed that registration for Gernian lessons had dropped in the lower
grades; at the Newberry School, for instance, from five hundred to a mere
one hundred,
Mr* Richberg read the official report, showing that out of 198 pupils in the
lower grades at the Newberry School, 119 were studying German. Mr* Stone did
not react, but insisted that participation in German instruction was diminish-
ing consistently, was on the verge of collapse, and like all sick people,
required increasing expenditures each year. At present it costs three times
more to teach a child German than to give tuition in reading, writing, and
arithmetic, Mr. Richberg retorted, that every German teacher had one hundred
pupils while the average in all other brandies was fifty children for one
teacher.
Mr. Stone did not want to hear anything about it, so Inspector Keith
I A 1 b - 6 - GERMAN
Illinois Staats-Zeitung, Jan. 9, 1880*
intermipted him bj'- making a motion for adjournment, but onls'- Messrs. Keith
and Frake favored it, Kr# Curran made a motion to continue with the agenda
but the matter was declared out of order, whereupon a motion was offered to
postpone the argument for an indefinite period; this v/as defeated, as follows:
In favor: Messrs. English, Stone, Keith, Frake, Curran and Stensland.
Opposed: Messrs. Vocke, Armstrong, Bartlett, Frankenthal, Delaney, Richberg
and Hoyne.
Encoupaged by this result, Mr. Richberg succeeded in having the debate closed.
Before the issue came to a vote, however, Mr. Stone objected and declared that
a two thirds vote was necessary, but he was overruled.
The motion to teach Gerinan in the two schools mentioned above passed, as the
following vote indicated:
T?
:>
I A 1 b - 7 - GBRMAI^
Illinois Staats-Zeitunc, Jan. 9, 1880.
In favor: Messrs. Vocke, Keith, ilrmstron^, Bartlett^ Frankenthal, Delaney,
Richberg, and Hoyne^
Opposed: Messrs. Stone, English, Frake, Curran, and Stensland.
Absent: Messrs. Stiles and Brenan.
Mr. Stone changed his vote, in order to make a motion for the reconsideration
of the question, but Mr# Richbarg forestalled him by inakin^ a motion of his
own to reconsider the question; adding his motion to the previous motion, he
asked that all motions be tabled. After a len^hy argument about the
admissibilitv of the procedure, which Mr* Stone violently opposed, Mr* Richberg
v/ithdrev/ his second motion, 7*iich \yas then offered by Mr# Delaney. The motion
passed as before, with no chancre in vote.
Mr. Armstrong; then roade a motion that the City Council acquire a building site
r--
I A 1 b - 8 - (SRMAN
Illinois Staats^Zeltimg, Jan. 9, 1880.
for a school in the vicinity of Indiana and St. Clair Streets. ^Translator's
note: Indiana Avenue apparently was called a street at that timej*/
The meetine then adjourned^
3^-
c . •
c
I A 1 b GSRMAIT
I A 2 b
Illinois Staats-Zeitunc, Dec. 31, 1879.
G3Ri:Ari H^I TEIE PUBLIC SCHOOLS
(Letter to the editor)
To the Editor of the Illinois Staats-Zeitung:
I would like to submit two phases about German instruction in our schools.
1) The first point involves the recent statement made in your paper by
Ur. Delany, a member of the school board. He declared in your paper, as
well as in other publications, that he would never favor abolition of Gerroan ^
language instruction and was opposed only to the employment of three special ^
teachers, or so-called superintendents for German, singing, and drawing. ;r
I do not intend to argue particularly with LIr« Delany, as he only recently
became affiliated with the school board and therefore has not been in a
position to become fully conversant with all the details.
I admit, it is not the duty of the superintendent of German instruction
TS
- J
I A 1 b - 2 - GERMAN
I A 2 b
Illinois Staats-Zeitung, Dec, 31, 1879.
personally to teach the children. It is his duty, however, to supervise
instruction and to guide the younger teachers, since we do not have a
normal school anymore and our young personnel lacks experience* Furthermore,
the superintendent must examine the pupils at least every two months; he ^
prepares the material, adapting it to the various schools, and yet must ^
arrange it in such a manner that pupils who are transferred to another P
district school can readily continue their studies; he must also appraise >^
the relative value of instruction material, prepare the monthly and annual ^
reports, and find suitable substitutes whenever a teacher is sick* He £
also examines the applicants who wish to become teachers and, after accept- ^
ing them, supervises their activities and gives advice v/hen the occasion fj
arises.
Briefly, he bears the same responsibility to his teaching staff as the princi-
pal of a school does to the English teachers, with one additional disadvantage:
The superintendent of the special branches must visit every school regardless
cr
^o
I A 1 b - 3 - GERMAN
I A 2 b
Illinois Staat3-Zeitung> Dec. 31, 1879,
of inclement weather, whereas the principal of a school need not leave the
building. To dismiss the superintendent would be equivalent to discharging
the principal of every school and leaving matters to the discretion of the
school teachers, most of whom are young. All who might favor the abolish-
ment of the superintendents, should consider that this v/ould be the entering
wedge whereby German instruction would soon disintegrate. It is a fact,
that every attack on Gennan language instruction during the last years was 7^
preceded by attempts to abolish the superintendency. If that position is
shelved, the rest will follow-quickly,
2) V/e believe that it is timely to give official figures about German instruc-
tion. In the month of November, 1879 for instance, according to the report
submitted to the school board by Superintendent Doty, v/e find that 35,454
pupils attended the four lower grades and 8,801 pupils were in the upper four
grades. Total attendance v/as 44,255,
German instruction is limited to four grades in eighteen of our schools.
These eighteen schools have 5,737 pupils of the grammar classification. We
I A 1 b - 4 - GEHLIhN
I A 2 b
Illinois Staats-Zeitun^, Dec* 31, 1879.
append a list so that facts may be easily visualized:
Kane of School
Number of Gramnar Pupils
Children Studying
Graranar
Franklin
552
272
lanzie
312
111
-s
North Clark Street
156
70
-o
Lincoln
287
93
'^L
Newberry
193
119
r"
Ogden
398
133
^-,
CalTMiet
157
125
"'
Cottage Grove
267
57
Haven
267
64
r
Ifioseley
485
147
t '
Brovm
690
125
Carpenter
189
40
Do re
333
171
lang
277
106
I A 1 b - 5 - ai;ra.i:ai
I A 2 Q
Illinois 3taatn-Zsitun.3, D3C. .31, 1879,
Scannon
oKinnar
240 75
4533 49
V/ashincton 275 25
V;ells 23c3 61
5,737 1,845
V/G have another restriction: A resolution of the school board provided
that German shall not be taa[-ht in anv r-,rade unless at leust tv/enty pupils
apply. In most of the schools, particularly in the eighth rprade, there are
usually less than tv/enty pupils in all. As a result of that resolution
passed by the school board another 9531 pupils uoxo deprived of an opportunity 2
to learn Gernan, so tliat only 4,815 pupils have a chance to study Gerraan —
not 50,000, as our opponents declare! ;jid of these 4,'::16, only 1,845 take
Gernan instruction!
— «
This is an accurate report! ;jid nov/ v/o ask if this is not a favorable indicat-
ion (?) considerine the difficulties coiifroi.tinj; the teachars v;ho labor v;hile
I A 1 b - 6 - GERMAIx^
I A 2 b
Illinois Staats-Zeitung, Dec. 31, 1879.
a veritable sv;ord of Damocles is suspended over their heads. It is really
surprising that the Germans have not asked to have the language study-
included in every school. The parents of 15U children who attend the
Pickard School (and this also applies to the Foster School), asked the
school board to include German instruction but to no availj As a result,
the Pickard School has practically no attendance, while the neighboring
parochial and private schools, which teach German, are crowded — and in these
institutions there is no free tuition!
In regard to the value of language instruction, your valued paper has treated
the subject so thoroughly, and in such a masterly manner, that no more can
be added. I was only concerned in disproving the aforesaid two assertions.
Respectfully,
Veritas
I A 1 b
Illinois Staats-Zeltuns, Dec, 29, 1879 •
TEE SCHOOL 30.1RD iilD TIIE GiSI-iilvI 3L.'^IGfUiiG5
Delanj^^s Explanation
GERMAN
Chicago, December 27,1879. ^
To the Editor of the Illinois Staats- .eitun^^:
In considering your remarks regarding the resolutions passed by the school
board, involving the salaries for special teachers in our public schools, it
appears that you regard this as tantamount to abolishing German instruction
in our schools. This assuiption, however, is not based on fact, as may be
deduced from the follov/in/^ iteins:
The Committee on Salaries called attention to an entry of $2,340 for special
teachers.
llr. Franlrenthal made a motion to add ^1,560 to t:ie above sum. A vote on the
XP
I A 1 b - 2 - GSHMAIT
Illinois 3taats-Zeitung, Dec, 29, 1879.
nuestion resulted in acceptance of the committee's report and the sum of
$2,340 was set aside for speciaj. teachers.
In reality these special teachers are not only teachers but also superinten- t:.
dents. A feiv years ago, they v;ere called superintendents, but the public —
ridiculed the Board of Education because of the lar/^e number of superinten- I^
dents in that dep::irtnent and therefore the title "special teachers for 5
German, music, and drav/inc',*' v/as used instead* ^
All our teachers cive instruction in sincing and drawing whenever required, c?J
and therefore I cannot see the need of having superintendents for the special
branches. V/e have a fev; sp£eial teachers v;ho give Gemian instruction in the
so-called grammar classes ^^lower grades^ and, as far as I know, the^/ are
fully capable; but we also have a superintendent of German language instruction
who is also a ♦'special teacher" and, it appears, his only dutj^* is to supervise
other teachers. I am convinced that these three superintendents or special
teachers are superfluous, and that the other teachers v;ho give German instruction
I A 1 b - 3 - GEmiAI-vI
• Abendpost, Dec. 29, 1879.
are fully capable of doing the work without supervision, or v/ithout the
help of a superintendent. If the afore-mentioned teachers should prove i|
unsatisfactory, then the Comiaittee on German Instruction should notify ^
the Board of Education and proficient ones v/ill be found. ^
In regard to salaries, to which we referred before, enough money is avail- "5
able to pay the three superintendents (special teachers) of German, music, 2
and drawing, up to July 1, 1888, v;hich is the end of their term. At the oj
end of that period all superintendents would be dispensed with, because
they would be unnecessary and instruction in German, music, and drawing,
would continue just as satisfactorily.
•
The regular German instructors are paid from the teachers* fund, and no
distinction exists. The appropriations made at the time covered all salaries,
and no attempt was made to discontinue any of the special branches* I am
willing at any time to vote for an increase in the staff of German teachers.
■ I A 1 b
GEHl'IiW
Illinois otaats- .eioun(:;> Dec. 29, 1879 •
I re:.:ain
Very respectfijilly
!.;• A. Delany
i.
if the nuriber of children taking, or desiring to obtain, language in- ?
struction make that step necesaary. On the other hand, I am decidedly ^
opposed to pay for so-called superintendents if we can get along xvithout r^
them»
X}
'Sloping that you nay find space in your valued publication to submit this
explanation to your readers, S
cr
I A 1 b GEmiAN
II B 2 f
I A 2 b Illinois otaats-Zeitung, Dec. 27, 1879.
I B 3 b
III A aiillLAiv IN THL PUBLIC SCn^XI^
(:Jditorial)
'./e received a letter I'ron Lr. Keith, menber of the school board, v/herein the
P,entleman took exception to our remarks published in the Tliursday, December
25, issue of the Illinois 3taats-Zeitunc» V.'o accused Lt. Keith of having
broken his vord. Ke said that he had merely promised the editor of the
Illinois Staats-Zeitung that he v/oxild not join in the attacks which v/ere
then beinc made af^ainst the teaching of 'Uerman in the public schools, and c5i
tliat he had fulfilled that pledge, but that he had never i.iade a declaration
that he v/ould maintain that attitude tliroughout his tenure of office, lie
was not prejudiced against the (Germans or their languace, but it v/as his
conviction that teaching the Carman language in the public schools was of
no educational value. If people v/ished to reproac}: hi.^i for his act, then
he v7ould have to accept their censure, but he objected to anyone *s saying
o
I A 1 b - 2 - GERMAIN
II B 2 f
I A 2 b Illinois Staats-Zeitung, Dec. 27, 1879.
I B 3 b
III A that he disregarded his promises, because such a statement was not
founded on fact.
V/ell enough. We do not intend to be unfair and therefore we gave his views.
Whether his explanations will convince others we leave to our readers^ We
wish to add, however, that according to Mr. Keith's opinion the reduction
in the appropriation for salaries of special teachers is by no means an ^
indication that German instruction will be dispensed with. The appropriation §
affects only the salaries of the "superintendents'* of the special branches, ^
German, music, and drawing, for whom no money will be available after July
1, 1880, but the status of the teachers remains unchangedo
According to this explanation, only the salaries of the afore-mentioned
three superintendents of the special branches would cease after July 1*
3
I A 1 b - 3 - GERMAN
II B 2 f
I A 2 b Illinois Staat3-Zeltung> Dec. 27, 1879.
I 3 3 b
III A If a definite issue were to be made of the question whether German ^
instruction should be continued or eliminated, the school board's >-
decision would be entirely different from its vote on Stone •s motion, three p:
days ago. At least two members (possibly even Keith, as a third, but he did C
not definitely say this) v/ho voted for Stone's motion would then vote for the 5
retention of German in our schools. 2
Let us hope so, and if it does happen, then we will be indebted to the energetic lij
intervention of the German press.
We also received a communication from another source, wherein the sender en-
deavored to show that the Germans themselves showed little concern about the
teaching of their native language, and proof was offered by quoting statistics
of the constantly diminishing attendance at German classes due to parental
choice.
I A 1 b - 4 - CS5MAN
II B 2 f
I A 2 b Illinois Staats-Zeituni^, Dec. 27, 1879.
I 3 3 b
III A These figures are misleading, because the large number of children
v:ho study German at home, in parochial or private schools, or xvho-
are far advanced beyond their age croup in the public schools and therefore
do not study the languace there, are not listed. One v/ill readily perceive
the importance of German instruction if he considers those children of
Germans who have no opportunity to learn the language at home or at a
private institution. One can admit, however, that the pedagogic value of
maintaining the German language m the school curriculum is less important
than the moral value as long as it is taught in the present unsatisfactory tn
manner. Above all, our citizens of German origin v/ill become staunch
advocates of the public schools, whereas otherv/ise our schools might meet
with considerable and justified criticism based on sensible teaching
methods.
Those .Americans v;ho at heart are opy.osed to German instruction are the very
ones who should favor the teaching of German in the public schools, because
CO
I A 1 b - 5 - OUKI-AN
II 3 2 f
I A 2 b Illinois Staats-Zeitun^, Doc. 27, 1879.
I B 3 b
III A thousands of children who nov/ attend private or parochial schools
v;o\ild then co to our public schools. r.;any far-seeing Germans have
recognized this fact and oprosed strenously the teachin,^ of German in
public schools, because the children became Americanized thereby, Vihat
inconsequential German is tsvrht in the public schools is entirely dispro-
portionate to tho Snglish-American influence prevailing there; hov/ever, 5
the majority of the German-speaking people in Chicago are not av/are of ^
this fact.
:\nothep factor v;hich is of moral significance: German instruction
steadily reduces the animosity v/hich exists betv/een German-Merican and
Enrlish-Merican children. Those of our readers who have been here for
twenty years or more have had experience along this line* A quarter of a
century ago the middle and lov/er classes of our native population had the
same attitude toward the Gemans as Calif ornians have toward the Chinese
today. The Oerrxins — and above all, their language — v/ere ridiculed, and
z>
CD
cn
II B 2 f
I A
2 b
I E
3 b
III
A
I A 1 b - 6 - GEH!.Li^T
Illinois 3taats-Zeitunc, Dec. 27, 1879.
it v.as not unusual for American rov/dies to tell Germans not to ^
speak their native tongue in public or while riding on a train* 5
V/henever Gernans spoke their native language, Americans scoffed or grinned, ^r^.
so that many Germans, fearing nob violence, resorted to English jargon. p
After the German language was introduced into the schools of our larger S
cities, matters LTiproved considerably. The new generation does not ridicule
people anymore v/hen they talk a foreign language, because it is taught in
schools now and therefore coi;imands respect. Fluency in another language 5*
is nov; regarded as an accomplishment, and most of the friction is now a
thing of the past. And v/hat applies to the children also applies in a
large measure to the parents. The continuation of German instruction in
our schools gives assurances of ever-growing mutual esteem betv/een the
English-Americans and German-Americans, and helps in fostering friendly
relations.
On the other hand, if v/e discontinue the teachinc' of German in the public
CO
o
I A 1 b _ 7 _
• II 3 2 f
t
\.^.Lj rL^jrij^ i
1^21 Illinois Staats-Zeltiinft, Dec. 27, 1879.
I 3 3 t
III A schools 7;e revert to former days, and old ci'udges v/ill be renewed.
If the American Republicans, the Irish, and the Kentucky Democrats /Trans-
lator's note: This refers to Mayor Harrison, a Democrat from Kentucky, and
his follov;ers~hence, Kentucky Democrats/, wish to combine to bring about
this undesirable condition, then they must expect to be treated as bitter
enemies by the Germans.
-T3
CO
I A 1 b
r-. — ; T - ". T T
r
^^
Cnic'A^-o Tribun'j, '?ec« 2j, 1879, -o
2
-J
p. 8 - 2 The lollov/inr: i^ th-j cubatance of "n editorial on ohe ..uesGion of '-'^
jrerr_rin in the public scliool^, orinbed in e3"':or-.ly.v*s 3t aat s - Z e io un • ;
"The 3nhool ?oard rave the Ger;..'^n-3rjeakin citizexis of Chica'O a vorv unex-
^ected Chri::trms Eve rift, nothin" less t!ian t • e nros"03ct of the banish-'ient of
tho Crer:::an lani';ua:j;e as a branch oi. inGtrucion fro.' tho public schools. 11\\q
T.hin:';, too, -/as done in an u.iderr.anded v/ay, rhare hai been no previous men-
tion of uhe ::att-3r, either in the ^:'r3SG or che TDroceedin^'-s of tlie 3cIiool Board.
"fhore was no direct proposi'^ion 'y:^2ov^. oliei.i to accoinplish "uhiG purpose. The
matter u.ider conoideraT.ion v; z i^::e fi::in^^ of tho 03ti: ates for the cOi^in^' school
year. juddenly, r. d.one ^ovod i^hat tho salriries of uhe special teac/'ors -
teachers of Geri-ian, dravin-^, and :nusic - be out in onJ.v for the six onths run-
nin^ fro:r- the 1st oi January :o tl^e ist of July; that is, to strike then out for
the rest of the year.
*'The end and air: of tViis prooosioion waj plain to ohe Geri^im meinbers of the
School Board 'vho v;ere present, and they spoke of t- is underhand method as it
deserved. . . ,"
I A 1 b
I A 1 a
GERMAN
Illinois StaatS'-Zeltiing. Dec. 24, lbvy«
SERIOUS
Instruction in Grerman, Drawing, and Singing
Abolished in tne Public Schools
The board of education announced yesterday that German, drawing, and singing
will be discontinued in the public schools after July 1, IbbO, because the
budget estimate Tor the city*s fiscal year provided runds to pay the teachers
of the special branches for the current year only* The opponents of the
special branches, particularly the German language, capitalizea on the absence
of John C* Richberg, succeeded in influencing a few members who formerly were
liberal-minded, and so connived to exclude the subjects* The vote taken by
the board will surprise many of our citizens* That Stone would make sucn a
motion and vote against the special branches was to be expected^ since Stone
was always vehemently and stubbornly opposed to the teaching of the German
language— however, this was his honest conviction; ana one coula also
imagine that English would gladly concur in a motion which the latter was
too cowardly to make of his own accord because or political expediency, nor
I A 1 b - 2i - GaHMiUM
I A 1 a
Illinois StaatS'-Zeltung, Dec. 24, 1879#
would Stiles* s friends be surprised because they knew his attitude; A man
who considered himselr broaa-minded, a philosopher, but who was at neart a
dense aiid ignorant man* As to Keith and Frake, one could not look for anything
else, but Delaney proved an element of surprise, because, prior to his ap«
pointment, he favored definitely the teaching of German in the public schools*
Unfortunately, besides Richberg, Armstrong, Brenan, and Stensland were also
absent* How the last might have regarded the question would, of course be
problematical, but being a foreigner he should have a liberal view— in other
words, subscribe to the belief that education should not be limited to mere
learning or babbling by heart, nor of teaching only the most elementary
subjects. His vote would have been the deciding factor, because Richbergi
Brenan, and Armstrong were in favor of the special branches.
But it is useless to cry over spilled milk. The question now is, what to do
about it? The best policy would be that Messrs. Richberg, Frankenthal, and
Vocke call a special session to reconsider the matter. If that cannot be
y.
■ -»->
I A 1 b - 3 - G3RMAN
I A 1 a
Illinois Staata-Zeltung, Dec. 84, IB'79.
done, recourse must be taken to the city council to make an appropriation
to provide sufficient money to pay the teachers, and the final disposition
of the case would rest with the board of education*
I A 1 b GERMAN
I A 1 a
I M Illinois Staats-Zeitung. Dec. 24, 1879*
Tfffi SCHOOL BOARD
The school board held a special session yesterday and the following members
were present: T. A. Hoyne, president, and the Inspectors: Stone, Vocke,
Keith, Armstrong, Frake, Curran,and Delaney.
t
The complaints of the citizens that the Wells Street school was In an unsani-
tary condition were referred to the committee on public buildings, likewise a
report by the board of health on ventilation, sewers, and other conditions c^
Involving schools, and particularly the Scammon school.
A lengthy debate ensued on appropriations for salaries of special teachers,
Involving Instruction In German, music, and drawing* Board members English and
Stiles wanted a detailed account of all appropriations granted for the special
branches ^erman, music, drawing^" to be submitted to the city council. Stone
relinquished his chairmanship temporarily to Frake, and declared that he would
I A 1 b - 2 - Gli^iaiAN
I A 1 a
I L! Illinois 3taats-Zeltun£^> Dec. 24, 1879.
like to have German language instruction excluded from the public schools.
Stiles remarked that he considered the request justified. Only recently-
General Lieb, an influential, hif:hly respected German, said at a public
meeting that German instruction in our public schools was a humbug, prompted
by politics.
Curran made a motion to .^ive an estimate to the city council, and inform that
body what the cost of each of the separate special subjects would be. The
motion was accepted.
Stone made a motion to eliminate the ap^^ropriation for German instruction. The
motion was declared out of order.
rr>
The report of the committee v/as submited and considered. Stone made a motion
to restrict appropriations for the salaries of special teachers to an amount
sufficient to pay them for the current year. The motion was carried.
I A r b - 3 - aSHLIAN
I A 1 a
I M Illinois Staats-Zeitung, Dec. 24, 1879.
According to the aforesaid, no aopropriations were nnde for German instruc-
tion, drawing, and music beyond the end of the school term, July, 1880.
In favor of Stone's motion were: .7. J, T'^nglish, M. E. Stone, iC. G. Keith, ,"
J. Frake, J. Curran, !.!• A. Delaney, and J. N. Stiles—seven. •
Opposed 7;ere: 1h Vocke, A. C. Bartlett, iC Frankenthal, Iloyne, and Armstrong-
five.
.adjournment followed.
I A 1 b
I A 2 a
I F 4
III C Chicagoer Arbelter Zeitung, October 2nd, 1879*
"The Teaching of German In Public Schools."
G2H}.iKH
^^^ fUi/
The teaching of German in Public Schools is an absolute necessity and not a mere
concession* A city which counts among its poDulation such a large percentage
of tne German Element as Chicago does, can not ignore the German language, without
disaftventage to itself; and furthermore, free schools can flourish with our
population only when it offers to the pupils the oppor**- unity, to learn the native
language of their parents. This in itself, would be sufficient reason, why the
German language should be taught in public schools, ano for another still more im-
portant reason, because the parochial schools, which are so dangerous to our
free thinking, are steadily growing, which is the consequence of devoting much time
and. energy to the teaching of German. Neverthe-less, the management of public
schools, has for years taken a hostile attitude toward the teaching of German in
public schools irtiich was taught only to advanced pupils, thus out of Ug,000 pupils,
only SOOO can get German instructions. But even this small number is, through
various limitations, reduced to 6000 for whom the opportunity to lear» German is
afforded. And of this number 2000 have an^lied for the German instruction.
Page. 2.
Unicagoer Arl^elter Zeltung. October 2nd, 1879* if/p/j ; J .-. ^
The parents of the children iriio attend the Plcard-School, near Mc Cormick's factory
on 22nd Street, have repeatedly asked the School Board, to Introduce the German
Language in that school, but without any success^ Four rooms in the Picard School
are vacant, while the neighboring parochial schools are overcrowded, still the sup-
erintendent insists, that the school would not prove large enough, should German be
added to their studies*
The same conditions prevail at the Poster School, 12th and Halsted Streets* As
limited as the teaching of German already is, it could not be surprising, if it would
be stopped altogether. -The School-board decided last year (The Germans Frankenthal,
Hotz and Vocke, voted for the same measure too) uDon optional studies "which means,
that only pupils whose parents desire it, may tske that particular study, but unless
each class room, has at least 20 pupils for such studies, it would cease to be taught,
and that of course includes German.
If the Germans don^ employ drastic measures, the German language will not be taught
Page 3.
G£SI>l&lSr
Chlcagoer Arbelter Zelttim;. Octo'ber 2nd, 1879
• is r I l.„3L..r ■ ' *i v./
in our pul:lic schools much longer, and the Germane ?rill ha^ve to send their children
to private schools, although they have to pay for the sup-oort of public schools.
Nativism dominates our School-Board, supported "by several Catholics, who in their own
interest, welcome any measure which would weaken the puhlic- school system, so much
hated by ^them. There are only three German members of the School Board, therefore,
nothing can be erpected from there, if public tpinion would not resort to the
necessary pressure, to bring about the desired results.- We call on the reliable
men of the city, to take this matter up, and arrange meetings at which, the in-
dignation over the School Board's policy can be expressed, thus the members of the
ScHool-Board may see, that the people not only wish the continuance of the teaching
of German, but that same should expand among public schools.
I A 1 b
GlSyiAN
Illinois Staats-Zeltung, Sept. 26, 1879.
SESSION OF IHE SCHOOL BOARD
/Translator's note: All non-German items are omitted in translation./
Richberg said: ••The Supreme Court has decided that all studies must be regardecL^
as a part of the regular curriculum. Not only reading, writing, and arithmetic, t^
but also Gennan, music, and drawing — in fact, every study — ^must be regarded as .-^^
a part of the regular curriculum. Instruction in German or in drawing cannot [^
be denied a child on the grounds that not more than twenty children would take ']l^
the course, just as the School Board cannot pass a rule that arithmetic shall g
be taught only if twenty or more children take up the subject. •• ^
Richberg quoted the Supreme Court decision in support of his statement, and cJ!
made a motion to nominate a committee to investigate the matter. His motion
was carried.
I A 1 b GJimiAII
Illinois Staats^-Zeitung, Juno lu, 1879.
1G2TING OF THi: SCHOOL BO.iI©
(Summary)
According to Mr* Pruessinr»s report, 2,245 pupils studied German during the^
month of ^liay* This represents an increase of tv/o hundred over the same period
last year. '^The motion favoring continuance of German instruction was passed.
The opinions expressed were a repetition of the viev;s given at a previous
session.
W •
I A 1 _b G^HI^ _
I If "
Chi£a,:-i A:-^>:l^c. r^'j-.: ^, M^o- IG, 1879.
TPi: FOLICi: JITG2 CAIIDIDATZ T:ALSH
It cane to our attention that I.'.r. T/alsh, it: strongly opposing the
teaching of Gern"*an in the Pu"hli: Schocl?. He took the same stand as
Alderrnan ir: 18c2, end. later ar a niGr.'ber of the roprd of education. Ar
pro.:f of I".:r. 'Valsh'e hate i:r the G^-rmj^ni: re state, that he was opposed
to allowing trie City' ^ r;rinting rcrk to he puhlished in anv G-eman newspaper.
He thought the G-rnian langur.ge, hns no rifrht in this country. It would be
advisable for the ?ociali?*:i' Aldr-rxan to look up the part records of this
candidate for Justice of Peac^, before th^y cr-ist their votcr^ for him. Mere
inforniation as to l.Ir. T.'alsh' r viewj: could be obtained from the Alderman *
Messrs. H. Schubert, I.Brentana, e:c-Alderman Schaffner, Conrf^d Fols, e::-
Aldernan Lengacher, Johji 3'ahler sn^. Feter i.Iahr. These Alderman have been
co-workers of *-'r. V.'alsh, (part of the time]! and ::ave to some extent pro-
tested again^^.t his hostile attitude tovrards the Germans, ".h^y cculd the
'* Illinois Staats Heitung'' not get the proper information about ;.'ir. TJalsh
and expose his hatred of them to the G'-*rman oeople.
I A 1 b
GERMAN
Illinois Staats-Zeltung, Feb. 28, 1879 •
tie: school bo.-^hd
The ochool Board was in session yesterday. President l/ells acted as chair-
nan. All members were present, thour^h Llr. Vbcke arrived very late.
Business of relative unimportance was read and referred to the respective com-
r.ittees •....Repairs, plumbing, galvanized ironwork, etc., fall in this cate- ^
gory*.... .-.
r—
Principal Doty submitted a list of 125 names of women teachers who deserved i^
certificates, among then Jeanne Rosenfeld. ...^^Itogether six German names ^-
appearjj/
German Instruction
Messrs. Emil Hoechoter, Doctor Kessert, UIslX Steam, and General Schaffner,
c
r
I A 1 b - 2 - gl;hi.l\it
Illinois Staats-Zeitung, Feb. 28, 1879 •
members of the /Oevimnl Committee appointed at the Tumhall meeting, presented
the petition which contained fifteen thousand names favoring continuance of
German instruction, music, and drawing in our public schools, llr. iiinglish
moved that the petition be referred to the School Committee on German Instruc-
tion, and that this body report thereon at next week's session.
LIr. Stone submited an opposing ix^tition v;hich v/as signed by only one person.
ffir. Pruessing said that he did not know just what the Committee should do
about the ^irst/ petition, as the matter really involved the entire School
Board; besides there was mention not only of the German language but also of
music and drawing. Mr. English replied that since Messrs. Pruessing and
Hotz were also members of the Cornmittee on lAisic and Drawing, it appeared to
him that it would be best to let such a voluminous request — signed by so
many citizens— continue in the regul^.r channels.
Mr. Arnold offered the following resolution:
CO
:xi
I ^. 1 b - 3 - 'Ml
r. U-^-:. J.
Illinois ^t^iuts-.Ieitun'^, 7ob. '^G, 18?9«
**Resolv3d, Tliat it uppeuro inpractical to rie.^'lect instruction in '}eri:ian,
ipusic, -ind jrTwinf.;
"?w3Sol\''ed, That the subject of selective studies be ci^b'iitted to a coirjnittee
of live, of vjhich the ^r.?ioe:.t /jJells^l shall be cliairiiicii: and th':t if the
sai''! coriiiiittee reoorts in f-jv^^r of e^vntin' in-'- instruction in thece 3ub"»ects,
then it ^the conraitte^/ jhall st-ite v/hother the expen.^es incurred in the
teaching of these s^^bjects v.ill di ..Li.ish; vrhet/i-sr expenditures chould be r.ore
or less c^irtailed; ivnr--;ther any ch;.n^:es should be iiade to nake ins::ruction
r.ore effective; ai'.d wh'jther it is ^osjiblo to m ke oOiiie provision v;her»eby o
these 3T)ccial subjects v;ill not afi'ect other br-.iach..s detrineutall3r; Be it also ^
CD
''Resolved, That the Coirjiiittee shall ri\..e tho.;e recoruiendations neces;:.ar\'' to ^
proiriote the usefulness and efficiency of :.ur public schools.''
Lro /j:*nold rera-.rked tiiat the subject had oeen thorou;:hly discussed, for the
:a3
Illinois Jt gat g>::ei.. linn, i?"eb. £8, 1879.
three brcjiChes v/ere included in the curricul'jj^., und he h^d never had any
inclination to exclude theru .^t the time v/hen i..r. 3tone told hiri that there
v;as a rr.urkod decre- se in the Gerri'.n cl'-srer., he /I'v. .jrnoldT' becane of the
opinion, of £Ourse, that •Jerr::an vjas ..ot a v^ry essenti.^-.l study. Hov:evor, ^e
nov: believes/ that the evidence rroves that i der.'iand does exist, and that
L.r. .jtone, probably, will also nov; adr.iit the inadvisability of discontinuin>i-
the lancua[-e instruction. He /~r# ."j"! cldT" desires that the Corir.ittee should
f:ive a report about Oerrii'-Ji classes in other citios; that Lieosrs. Jtcne,
Pruessin.c^, ur.d Jn,;li3h shal3 he ].:er::bers of the Co^-nit-ee^ i^n<\ that his reso-
lution be accepted unanir.ously* He h .s no fcir /jie s:<ys/ ^ that the character
of the .jiierican people v.'il] be chan.'^ed to any de^-ree b^^ irL-ii-.Taticn, because
/he oori3i6.ers/ the infl^jz too snail in "comparison to the prorjent population*
I.r. /j?nold spoke at lenp'th ubout the subject j_Crer:v^Xi instruction in the rublic
schools/, and enphasis-d that the gut.i involved v;us too snail to be v.orth dis-
sension v;ith a lar^e p- rt of Ghica^o^s povul iticn.
Ur. Keith said that in his o inion too many courses •..ere beinr^ taurht and that
en
I A 1 b - 5 - GaRM.\N
Illinois Staats-iieituni:::, Feb. 28, 1879 •
the question v/as "sdiat studies could be elimir^^.ted; besides /he could not see
thaj^ ten thousand dollars v:as a trivial suia« Nevertheless, he thought that
the time would come v.hen every businessman would have to be able to speak
German, Frencl., and lilnglish. Lbreovor, in his opinion v/e face the possibility
that the controversy will becoi.ie a political issue which would be still worse*
The question of expense involved in the maintenance of German classes could be
solved by eiT5)loyinj; teachers who could handle German classes as well as their
other classeci however, he realised that the mattar v;as not such a simple one
in so f-.r as the time element v/as concerned. It is not fair to let fifty
children vjait, so that a group of ten may be given German instruction. He
^eith/^ commended Arnold's resolution.
re
ViT. Prues^ing denied that German lessons have a harmful influence upon other co
subjects and added: "Exi)erience shows that instruction in two languages pro- §
duces a more alert mind. ^\n iimerican language does not exist. The nation '^
is a conglomeration of peoples v/ho came from many lands to uphold a republican
X i^>. -L u "■ 6 ^ 's^iij?j..L'j.^
Illinc-is 3taats> :eitun-, SeX). 23, 1679.
fern or 'ovemr^ient — ?iiad !iOt to le^rn ^Inrlish. /jiy.ne 3peuk.i.nt^ ';:^r-man oniy,
can. be just us 'rood -d citizen '^s the iiidiviuuil who is r -.stricted to j^nglish,
Hov;ever, all "rernarBare intent ur.on learning ^^^ish, but they are not v;ill-
inc to rive up their ov.ti Innr-u" :e to do rjo# The x en. s3/'lvania-nerr:i?m jar.^'on
v;ould never he.ve developed h'ld both "German Mnd Jn^lish been taU^ht properly
in the school?; there. The 'otitioii i^itends to eliriinate the dividing line
bet^v.ten the :'>en;ian-spe 'ikino: people end thoce v;ho :jpeak ::]nr:li3h only."
I.Ir. Stone denied thit he harbored any -..nt- -en i^r. tov;\rd the C^erraan lanr':uace
or the Teutoi-ic people, '''^eman Ig a v;onvaerful l_ji:;uuf,e; ins irin^ Here
is Vocke, v-lio was virtually ■..t deith*3 door; y t who, nevertheless, -^ave a
half bourses sp'eeca in be:i:jif of his native laa uare at tne Turnhall ne^'.^tln^^'' ^
Ke /ztonej noted, that Germany's jrioat illustrious poet /GoetheT" availed him- ^
self of that i:iiraculous lanf^-i^e in v/ritin^ hia greatest poem dedicitod to S
the apotheosis of K...., a woirian; ^nd thut '^err.any's r:rcatest philosor^her
/j^jiat/ wrote a .sentence tv/o and one-half y rda lon,'^; in th-;t lanpia.^e. Ho
3
c:
I A 1 b - 7 - GJRIMN
Illinois 3taat3-Zeitun^. Feb. 28, 1879 •
/stonel used to believe that it v;a3 deplorable that the Gtoths and Vandals
terrorized Italy, but now he realizes that the Goths and Vandals came to
Rome on a friendly mission and only request-^d that their langui^ge be taught
in the public schools of Rome* Vflicn this was denied, they did av;ay wich Demo-
crats, Republicans, and, unfortunately, everything else. ior. Stone also cited
a large nuLiber of statistics, items which were disproved time and again,
among them the claiii German was taught in St, Louis vdiere 7,830 children en-
rolled in the cour:j.e; yet, the number soon dirainished to a mere 129 who con-
tinued the study.
Mr. iiTmstrong replied that whatevor the object of Goethe ♦s masterly creation,
it would alivays be r cognized, and if lint's sentences were tv/o and one-half
yards long, one must remember that Secretary livarts, follov/ing the sarae Jji
method, produced sentences tv/o and one-half blocks in length. According to
his /Kri^strong^ 3/^ view, German will never be the dead conversational medium
of the scientists in America — it will remain a living language. He /Arinstvon£l
CO
I A 1 b - 8 - Gn:RMi\N
Illinois Staats-Zeltuiig> Feb. 28, 1879.
investigated thorou(dily the factors involving the supplementary^, non-com-
pulsory studies and he finds that excellent results were attained,
Vocke, after a very successful rejoinder — which made it necessary for Stone
to apologiz© for his remarks — repeated, in the main, the various points
made at the Tumhall mass meeting. In the opinion of Vocke, German instruc-
tion in our public schools presents the best means of promoting asslailation.
Bartlett favored the selective studies and kidded, if the council wished to
ascertain whether the taxpayers were willing to provide fun. s for Gerriian in-
struction, then it \vas only necessary for that august body to circulate a ^
petition on I'iabash liVenue, Lake Street and l^dison street, calling for the
discontinuance of the linguistic study, €md the ansv/er would be apparent • He
^^rtletj^ knew that the bona fide taxpayers desired the language course,
together with drav/ing and music.
^rJT English again started tlie groundlass tirade about insufficient school
I A 1 b - 9 - GiilRIvLAN
Illinois 3taats-Zeit\i.'i6> Feb. :38, 1879 •
roons, and said that the money to be spent on Gerrian should be used for the
construction of new schools*
Bartlett asked v/hether the money, the saving which accrued by eliiHinating ^
German, could be used for additional buildin,^. ^
JF^s7 ^n-^ish retorted that if the langua^^e classes were elirainated, more P
space would be available for the teachin-^ of the common branches* ^
Pruessinc "v-as the neiwt spealcer ^o details/*, and Stone declared tliat he
/btone/ received a petition from the Illinois Social Science Association, which
he had forgotten and l-3ft at home, but that he would like the Committ ^e to cJ!
consider it,
Bartlett made a notion to end the discussion, but withdrew the request after
English favored the resolution of Arnold which was finally passed unanimously*
CO
I A 1 b - 10 - GERMAN
Illinois ;:^taats-Zeitungt Feb. 28, 1879 •
Enclish made a motion that tlie Building Oommittse should report how much
space for school classes v;as needed in the Seventeenth lard* This motion
v;as accepted.
Arnold offered a motion providins for the continunnce of the selective subjects
until the Special Connittee could subnit its findings, and he asked for an
immediate vote.
-D
1/Ir# Snclish moved tliat the Board adjourn. Tliis notion v;as defeated by a vote -o
of six to nine. I.Ir. iiinclish moved that Arnold's resolution be tabled; this o
v/as also opposed and defeated. Ui
Stone offered a motion to adjourn, which v/as also defesited. '^
Then LIr. English again made a motion to table ..rnold*s motion ^bout con-*
tinuin^: the selective studies until the Special Committee could bring in
I A 1 b - 11 - (L:]RLIAH
Illinois Staats-Zeitimg, Feb. ?.8, 18? 9.
its findingSjjT"
/Bit this tineT" the President had decided that he v/ould not tolerate these
constant attempts to cause delays •
Stone appealed against the President's decision; however, it was upheld by all
the others, v;ith JJnglish and Stone the only dissenters*
-t)
Lir, li^nglish a^^-ain sought an adjournment and ..as defeated* ?c
Upon a definite request by the President to abstain from further dilatory ^
tactics, the debate finally reached the votin,* stii^e, and a decision to con- ^
elude the meeting v;as reached, with all voting: in favor of the decision, except
English, Jacobs, Stone, Brennan and i'^aake*
The motion /Arnold,^ 3/ was finally accepted by all except Stone*
•
I A 1 b - 12 - GERLIAN
Illinois Staats-Zeitunc. Feb. 28, 1879.
The folloxvins gentloiriGn were nominated to the Special/ Coimaittee: ilrnold,
Iruessin^>:, iln^^ish, Stone and the Chainm^.n.
Adjournment followed*
-o
o
CO
I .-. 1 b
•
Illinois JtrA^its-'ZGitiUi^-, Feb. 24, 1879.
' by
Veritas
Again cur citizens and taxpayers ure fj.ced \vith the question: Jh:^ll Ger.mn
be t'aU::Tht in our public schools? Tnoje v/ho o-p o.:e the teachin;: of this
subject, v;ith their custom iry enerr^y and persistence, -iva a number of
re::3ons in an attei.iDt to convince .Jufrlo-.u^eric ins -jid Germans as v:ell, that '^^
such instruction is not desirible* The roisons v.hich are offered are liostly rj
so lo::ical that, e^or^ airionc the rerrians, a iL^rge number oppose the lan^ua^'je \i
study* r>
Let us consider the natter riore thorou-yily. The first arcur»iont is th^^t the
Germans have no special ri,2;ht to have their lanjsua'e t-«upht in p\'blic schools,
in view of the .rrejeace of many other nati jn.ilities in the community; that we
are .jnericans, and the national lan:-u-'^e h-r-^ ens to bo iinglish; and that it
would be just as reasonable to insist on teaching J^;/edisn, i?'rench or Bohemian
-o
I A 1 b - 2 - GEmiAN
Illinois Staats-Zeituiif;, Feb. 24, 1879 o
in compliance v/ith the demands of other groups* This reasoning actually is
justified! According to our view, it is absolutely wrong for the Germans to
insist upon the teaching of that language merely because of the fact that the
Germans make up one of the largest groups in the population of the city*
Vie do not request inclusion of the study in the curriculum on those grounds
as every other national group could claim the same privile^^e* Vtfe have sounder
reasons, involving pedagogical advantages. It has been demonstrated, as
Cicero once claimed, that there is no better way to learn one's own language
than by comparison with another; this fact has been established during cen-
turies of teachings Just as Latin provides an essential basis for a thorough
understanding of the grammatical construction of dead lan.^uages, so is German—
with its literary background, diversity and delicacy of syntactical principle s-
the closest equivalent to Latin among living tongues, according to the im-
partial judgment of teachers* For iiistance, no one can properly understand
the Anglo-Saxon element in the ^inglish language v;ithout having a knowledge of
German. Therefore, in asking that another living language besides Snglish be
I A 1 b - 3 - GERMAN
Illinois Staats-Zeitung, Feb. 24, 1879.
taught in our public schools, v;e do not predicate our request upon the fact
that we are Germans, but upon the fact that study of another tongue makes
English the more readily comprehensible. And the most suitable language for
that purpose happens to be German I Thus the fact that German is spoken by
such a large number of Chicago people becomes of secondary importance, as
does the fact that a knowledge of German is of great commercial and social
benefit*
Another objection raised by the opponents of linguistic studies is the expense
involved, and this seems on the surface quite plausible in view of present
high taxes* Our adversaries speak freely and casually of such sums as fifty
thousand or a hundred thousand dollars ^s the cost of German instruction/* • • •
and itemize the figures in such a convincing way that the uninitiated must
believe: *Tes, they are right, it is too muchl"
But, if one intends to figure in that manner, using the time involved in
German instruction as a factor, then by comparison, English instruction would
I A 1 b - 4 - GBBMAN
«
Illinois Staats-Zeitimg. Feb. 24, 1879»
cost five to six million dollars, not the mere one-half million dollars
claimedl Such sums are nonsensical!
Analysis of the actual expenditures, in dollars and cents, shows that the
total amount paid for German instruction. does not exceed twelve thousand
dollars; this is surely a trifle in comparison to the four million dollars
expended annually on our city, especially when we consider the benefits which :f
accrue to anyone knowing more than one language.
-v7
- 1
Therefore, one should not be influenced by the assertion of our antagonists C
that the money used for German instruction can better be applied to build new
schoolsl To construct a new school building requires, admittedly, two or
three times as much*
Even the twelve thousand dollars can readily be reduced to two thousand dollars,
if the new plan is adopted whereby, in the future, only such teachers will be
employed as are able to teach English as well as German* This will eliminate
I A 1 b - 5 - GBHON
Illinois Staats-aeitung. Feb, 24, 1879.
the special instructors we nov/ have. As far as we know, this plan is being
tried at the Calumet school* V/e may give details at some other time.
A third argument advanced for opposing 3err,an instruction is: ^As long as -^
thousands of children of school age are not being given any instruction, we ^
must restrict the curriculum and teach only the most important subjects, to ^;;;-
assure education for the large numbers not now in school! *♦ That, too, sounds '"
logicall But upon closer scrutiny this assertion is likewise fallacious. Aa ^i
long as compulsory education is not the rule, and the State v/on't enforce it, i^
v/e will have thousands of children who prefer to be absent from school.
f o
A city may build ever so many schools and hire "school ma'ams," but still there
will be thousands of youngsters who show a preference for the streets, ^hnll
we, then, because of these truants, curtail instruction for nearly fifty thou-
sand pupils who seek ^-nov/lai^eV Jhould the students v/ho do attend suffer
because of those delinquents who ought to be in a reformatory?
I A 1 b - 6 - G^aiai^
Illinois Staats-Zeitung, i^eb, 24, 1879 ♦
Indeed nott First, let us pass a lav/ v/hich compels all children from six
to twelve years — v/ithout exception — to attend school; after that, such
statements of the anti-Germans as v;e have luoutioned can scarcely be madel
Another point is mentioned by the advocates of a restricted curriculuii:: they
declare that not much is achieved, that poor results are sho;7n in the C-erman -g
classes; pi.rticip:.tion is considered small (2,000) in comparison to the total ^
enrollment (48,0j0) in public schools* g
The first coinplaint, v/hich is frequently heard, v/e consider a:^ injustice to rT
the ladies v;ho t?}-.ch Ck3rman vjider the present difficulties. ..e ('o not deny f—
that improvements are desir.-^ble, but v;riere on e rth is that not soV .^*e think i^
that in the English classes many chan^-es for the better co;;ld also be inau- ^-j
(.:uratedl
Kow v;rone to declare that '?rerman lessons have produced poor results, v/hen the
children are pc-rr.itted to disc ntinuo and resume the subject at v;illj To
lb - 7 - n^T'R:: ii:
Illii.uis 3tu;ts-Z.eituiip, I'eb. :.4, 187'i.
I ■■■■■»■■■■■■ m^^m.^m^tm^K-^mm^-^im.'mm.^mm' '
obt' in definite proof, exa:.iino u child v;ho hac attended all four .'grades
v;ithout interruption, and it ';:ill be found that he h ..s acquired a fair
kncv/lr. .7? of the lan:'uar;e»
The v;riter found many .jr.ericans v:ho could converjo fairly ' ell in Herram
aftE^r taking the course I Cne cannot justly condeiiai a course of teaching on
the basis of poor reoults not- d in -j child v;ho r.ay have attended only two or -^^x
three clas:*esl £J
'..ith respect to the 3:. all nuinber of pupils studyinr 'leri'ian, the figures are o
r.iGleadia:> '"'roririan, nf ortunataly, was excluded fvcui the t rinary classes, co
S
c^
:.,T
which have ne.-rly forty thousand pu. ils, cind the lan^u^^c^ is tau-'ht only in ro
the ■;:rajri:.:>.r /prudes, "./ith an enrollment of only :..bcut eir^ht thousand five
hundred. Thus it is shown thi^t one fourth of the lat;cr enroll d in the
>'^rerman cour:e« Jid this r^^tio would be c^onsider'bly hi 'her, 'ere it not for
fact thj.t '^-erMan has no': bcea intrcduced into all of our c:rai,i:;:ar schools,
althou^'h a deriand exis'r.
«
I ;. ]. b - 8 - '-^---^-^•
Illinois Jtauts-^eitunc, I'^eb. ^4, 187 9 •
'./e naintain that at least one tnird or those v:ho -:re ;;:iven an op-ortmiity to
study Oeman avail th3iiJclvt-3 oi' the of:'er.
V.e see that v:e have exceeded the apace usually .Hot .d "^ir u nev/spaper for
exT^ression of opinions and so '.;ill rei^r-in rror.i nreaentin^ additional facts.
I.luch ir.ore \:X 'ht bo said, but this nay suffice at this t^ii.ie. Gur onlv ccn-
c-arn is to rivo -i true analysis of •-•ur -.pi'onents* clAiiiis to shovj the lulsity
of their asaeruiuns, ani to clarify raitters -eaerally^
-^
I A 1 b Cr\2^::i:
Illinois 3taats-::eitunc, Fob. 22, 1879.
translator* s note: Thci titl3 is a reference to the v;ar betv/een I]ncland and
the Kaffirs, v;liich ..'as {:cini': on :it the tinojj
It seens that v;e, too, shcill have a ?.affir v/ar in Chicaco, a ccnflict v;ith the
nativists an*! v/ater-iv^non lovers. The Zulus consider their domain heaven and
regard themselves -s citizens of heaven; in this respect our Jn{;:;lish-speai::inc
'♦Kaffirs" are on the sar.ic level. l'^
They approach in tv;o colunns. One is o^oosed to (k:raTian instruction in the ^'^
public schools; the other attacks Sunday diversions and the sale of intoxicants, Lj
A petition to the City Co'oncil, v;hich was circul ;ted lar^telv cir.ionf: the pro- ^
hibition bir:ots ";ho supplied nnny si^jna cures, deiTLinus a strict onforcoraent of
the Sunday la.'/s, particularly .vitli rer-ard to the closing of theaters and —
all in one breath — the suppression of all taverns. IIo'v successful this request
will be cannot be answered at this tir.ie.
- >
r"
r"
1 b
n - GJK.IAN
I B
Illinoin 3t'iatr,-.Zeitun.\ Fob. Z2^ 1879.
*»
Tlie essentiul feature is Lh-it the "Kaffirs'' are again tr-ins to create dissan-
tion — attempt inr; in a most n-dlevolent nanner to pronote quarrels — bet.veon the
3np;lish-3peaking citizens and German-.^^ericans. If, as sone believe, (though
there is no available evidence) this conflict a^^ainsL the Genians ?/as inauc-
urated bv the Democrats, the <affair would be un iorstandr.blo, because the Der.io- ^
cratic part:' can never ittain leadership except b:^ pronotinn enimity between y^
Ger:ians -^nd /-jnericans. But i^, on the other hc^jid, the "::affirs" ar^? mostly "^
HepubliCcins, thon it boco'ies evident, thereb;-, that they prefer to let the zZ
Democrats rule the cit:- rather than divide leadership ;vith the Gernans* z^
c^
V/e are convinced that the Gsmans .vill ;.ct as they have in tlio past; that a c.o
stron.n; iind united front v;iil prevail, creating for the Germans respect and ci
recofmition. If our adversaries think that this is an opportunity to catch
the Gercians unav/are, then v/e must ^)rove that ?;e are ^vatchful and prepared to
defend our position irrespective of consequences,
Tlie GoHTians do not favor an alliance '.riti'i that class \;hich considers municit^al
I .1 3. b
a.H:i\ij
Illinois 3ta-i.tn- :oitun-, ?^b. :::3, 1H79.
control '\ moans o2 foeaiii'- "ba^L^^-rr," :t :^ublic ox;ens3; but, qg ro'^re^ttable
?.3 it :ia'' be, tho Toviton:' v;ill Mvj to :'ijlc: to ?,uch -in a.lli^nco if tho rul-
in>c; Drirt'" boconon alliad .'ith tho •^dr'.^3•' rind n^tivists uud opDOsos the lusti-
fiod ^.eri'.n don nd3. In otiior v;ord3, tho ^-erriuns 3*-o>: no conflict — to the
contr..r"; but if noco^isit:" nrilieo it oxpodiont, tlion tho^ ./ill c ..3t thoir votor^
(at th > i:.r."^endin';^ spring election) ./hore the:; /ill do t-^o iiost joou.
;j.l Ropubricnn candidatei ■.;lio conGiler Ropublicrminn tantm-iount to -^n election
ohould consider this. A -Republican 'Uiiiinistration can naintain itself only if
the •verr^iriei of Genaan instrucoicn on the School Board are beaten, ..nd if ^^
' CD
the te:npertinco onslau-'ht 0:1 the Ci\:y Council is renuls.")! — not oth.er.vise! l:^
Ti
♦
I A 1 b GERfl^^
II B 3
III A Illinois Staats-Zeitunc, Feb. 22, 167 9 •
IV
CriSI/uai IN3TRUCTI0K
One Hundred and Fifty Thousand Orermans Danand its Retention
in Curriculum of i^iblic Schools
A moeting was hold yesterday at the ITorth Side Tumhallc, at the instance of the
Chicago Tumgemeinde (G^Tunastic comnunity) , v;hich deser^'es great credit for
raising this protest against the proposal of the School Board to eliminate Ger- ^
man, dra'jving and singing from the curricula of the public schools. A large ,-^
crowd was present, chiefly our older and most respected Gernians, of whose faith- fZ
fulness to'.vard the land of their adoption one 3ntertains no doubt: men who sharec^^
the vicissitudes of the nation during hours cf danger. ^
The prevailing sentiment ;vas of a definite charactor and gave no unmistakable
signs about the lofty purpose of the assembly. Emil Hoechster, speaker of the
Tumgemeinde, gave the openint'^ address and declared that the Chicago Turrge-
meinde called upon the people to be present in order to formulate a justified,
emphatic protest against the School Board's intent to abolish German-language
instruction, drawing and singing from the public schools.
•j»
I A 1 b - 2 - GBHMAM
II B 3
III A Illinois Staats-Zeltung, Feb. 22, 1879.
IV
Dr. Hessert was nominated president of the meeting, and was elected. He
eschewed speeches and suggested that the assembly proceed forthv/ith to the bus-
iness on hand. Max Stem was elected secretar:^. Dr. Schmidt v/as asked to give
his viev/s on the matter and he said that he could give little additional infor-
mation on the question. Those at the meeting by their very presence prove that
they are fully aware of the significance of the present issue (the attempt to ^
eliminate German from the public schools); that this intention is merely an ^
abominable attack against the German people and culture; and that we are duty- ^
bound to defend ourselves. It is not a mere question of nationalities; it en- <^
tails culture in general. Acquiring another language is important and necessary. S
If some other nationality of greater numerical strength were present in Chicago, 2
then he /pv. Schmidt/ would just as gladly vote for the learning of that language. -^
^^^e tenor of his viev/s was expressed by the following:
In a countr:,'' where such stupendous sums are spent for education, only a nincom-
poop could use the pretext of saving a paltry t;velve or thi37teen thousand dollars
by abolishing German instruction. If the gentlemen who wish to save the twelve
thousand dollars would consider that they, individually, owe at least that much
"lb - 3 -
r%.
II B 3
III A Illinois Staats-Zeitung, Feb. :32, 1879.
IV
in taxes, whereas the free schools v;hich are used by the pieponderant major-
ity, belong to the people ivho, by the sweat or their brov/, earned their living
and paid taxes promptly, then these economists would not attempt such penury.
Besides, these people bought land at a hi^h price rro... the same gentlemen who
wish to effect savings in school instruction. They are the same miserable, shab-
by curs v/ho are at the bottom of the movement to deprive the poor workers of their
Sunday pleasures. The speaker /pr. Sclimidt/ then asserted that he greatly re-
spects the cultured Americans, but not the di ^-honest, depraved horde known as
nativists wrio can only be convinced by the fist.
"The movement /pr. Schmidt continued/ would not have originated in the School
Board — it was inaugurated by tv;o unimportant members — if the^'- were not sure of
large party sui^port. They'll bad: water quickly if they find that the Germans
won't consent, but instead v;ill clench their teeth and declare unequivocally that
the language expressing the greatest thoughts of mon, is to remain a heritage for
posterity. However, o r^ganization is necessarj-. It is difficult to reach the
masses, but they must be induced to make demonstrations .vhich will convince cer-
tain people that their intentions are not enforceable, and that the Teutons adhere
CO
I A 1 b - 4 - (SiaiAN
II B 3
III A Illinois Staats-Zeitung, Feb. Z2, 1879.
IV
to the principle: 'Gernian is spoken here I*'*
Lively applause often interrupted the forceful speaker.
Upon a motion of Philip Stein, the chainnan was requested to appoint a coianiittee sg
to formulate resolutions. The i^ollowine ^^i^tl^men were nominated: Vergho, Smil ^
Hoechster, Adolph Schoeninger, Philip Stein and Floto. p
•
Hiram Barber v/as the next speaker. He said the free schools are the pride of the ^
nation txnd that he knev/ of nothing more appropriate than a meeting of this kind E
to consider questions of this nature. Lincoln said that this is »*a government of 'i^.
the people, by the .eople, for the people''; in other words, it is expected that
the government should exercise the will of the people^ Consideration of public
affairs by the people is a necessity, and such actions should be fostered in eveiy
conceivable manner. In regard to the present problem there are, of course, di-
vergent viev/s. One gr'^up believes it is a v/aste of time and moi]e:^»'to teach Geniirm
and to support a foreign type of knov/-nothingness ; that ^f one language is taug'rtj^
others must be, also; that this is an /jnarican nation and immigrants must be assim-
I lib - 5 - GigaLJJ
II B 3
III A Illinois Gtaats-Zeitung, Feb. 22, 1879.
IV
ilated, etc.
Such arguments never fully convinced him ^irani Barber, the speaker^; he believes
that a man forgetting his fatherland, and those pliant fellows v/ho endeavor to be
absorbed instantly by another country, are not worth much. He regards the teach-
ing of Geraian no more than a reasonable concession to the 150,000 Greimans living
here. For four thousand years the v;orld paid homage to the Greek language, and
German literature is fully as voluminous and versatile — presenting a wealth of
romanticism, sane logic, science, and philosophy. A knowledge of German proves
valuable indeed. Should the v/orld ever hear that the teaching of German had been
discontinued in Chicago because it involved the trifling sum of twelve thousand
dollars? It may be i^roper to teach French in Nev; Orleans, imd the Scandinavian
languages in some of our schools as v/ell as in certain districts of Minnesota;
and it is certainly justifiable to teach Gemuin in our local schools.
An opinion prevails that the children are not given sufficient time to m^^ster the
language — none are fully educated in school — the institutions providing only the
foundation upon v/hich further progress depends.
lb - 6 - G£RLIiy)J
II B 3
III A Illinois Staats-Zeituns, Feb. 22, 1879.
17
He considered the protest of the Germans to bo fullj'- justified, and hoped
that the matter v;ould be vigorously prosecuted. (Applause)
I'r. 'Vilhelm Vocke was called next and said that since he had been a member of
the School Board this -debate had been an annual affair, and it alv/ays took place
v;hen the salar:-' of the German principal came up for discussion. Foiraerly this
amounted to fifteen hundred dollars, but last year, in common with others, it
was decreased to tv/elve hundred dollars. This year the salaries of most of the
other teachers v/era raised, and the German Committee tried to obtain the original
scale for the German principal, but it brought energetic opposition. The enemies
of German-language instruction used the salary issue as a pretext for attacking
German in general.
One must admit that the Gerroan lessons were nothing to boast of; however, when
Dr. Zimmermann became principal, conditions improved considerably. The Committee
also hopes that no extra sams need be expended for German instruction in the fu-
ture, because teachers Aould be employed who are equally proficient in both lang-
uages .
I A 1 b - 7 - Q3RM^
II B 3
III A Illinois Staats-Zeltung, Feb* 22, 1879 •
17
Mr* Vocke then spoke about the ^bommon schools"-wliatever one understands by
that tenri~and disproved the current belief that only the most essential branch-
es— reading, vnriting and arithmetic — nust be taught* The appellation "coranion
schools'^ a plies to all public institutions of learning, regardless of v;h ether
they are of an elementar:/ character or are universities*
On this occasion the si^aker criticized the nearsightedness of the people who
were interviewed by the Times last week on the present question, and, in conclu-
sion, said that the commonest public school in Germany offers more than we do*
?/e should v/ork zealously toward an increase of school subjects, if possible.
In Germany, at the Gyianasien, the stu^'-^nts; when seven or eight years old, study
Latin; it is a compulsory measure* And wh:'' not study German here? As teaching
subjects become more varied, the ambitions increasel
Mr* Barber knows how he was benefited by a thorough loiowledge of German* No
American who learned the German language v;ill deny that it proved of incalculable
value* It is quite true, of course, that manj'' children who study German now do
I A 1 b - 8 - QiimUN
II 3 3
III A Illinois 3taat3-2:eituiig, Feb. 22, 1879.
17
not leam to speak the language; but no one is able to predict what will prove
advantageous in later years. To promote a.3simiLition /ot ijimii grants/^ the Am^er-
icans can do nothing; better than to induce Grorman children to visit the public
schools by prOxTiising German lessons.
The speaker ^ookej said that he had no doubt of the effectiveness of the protest
now being formulated here to be presented to the school board next Tliursday.
''Resolved, That we emphatically :oit)test against the discontinuance of German,
drawing and singing?; in the public schools.
♦'Resolved, That we are always ready and :7illing to pay our taxes for the mainten-
ance of our city and its credit; but ^e do not believe that an annual saving of
-^
n
Philip Stein, Chairman of the Committee on Resolutions, submitted the record of
his members, an English docuraent, wherein various reasons for the continuance of ^
German-langua(i:e instruction, drawing and singing were given, and to which the
following resolutions were appended:
c
c
I A 1 b - 9 - GIJgttvIAIT
II B 3
III A Illinois Staats-Zeitung, Feb. 22, 1879.
IV
tv/elve to thirteen thousand dollars — the amount heretofore paid for the
Sbove cultural branches — constitutes sufficient reason for the abolition of
these subjects from the school curriculum, by an administration of a city of
half a million Deople, which exp.3nds four riillion dollars yearly for its oper-
ating costs. ^
"Resolved, That the attempts to eliminate the aforesaid studies from the school <:^
plan are prompted by the nativistic attitude, and if this attitude is encouraged p
and continues, it will undermine the friendly relations now existing between the ^
various nationalities, and is likely to produce again for our city a rule of cor- §
ruption, plunder and venal office seekers.
^^Resolved, That in the interests of true economy, and with due consideration to
education in its broadest sense, we hereby respectfully, but emphatically, re-
quest that every member of the Board of Education vote against the abolition of
Genuan, singing and drawing, and do everything within his individual power to
bring these branches to the same standard as other studies."
Casper Butz reflected that the resolutions were somev;hat too long. "I might
CD
I A 1 b - 10 - G^3MAN
II 3 3
III A Illinois Staats-Zeitung, Feb. 22, 1879.
IV
add,^ ha said, ''that the question of Gennan instruction has already been
decided — and favorably. A meeting of School Board niembers ivas held last Thurs-
day and therein it v;as anreed that the majority vvould vote for Gronnan instruc-
tion.^
German culture is destined to play an importjint part in this country. He J^wtz/ 5
remembers well the effects of the Gorman Christmas. But it is necessary tliat <^
the Germans be united, for if the^r are divided they ivill be the prey of the f"
nativistic Araericans — substantially as before. -o
O
'*Thank God, he said, '^this know-nothing movement is gradually becoming extinct. i^.
The people v;ho emigrated I'rom Germany are nov; already more numerous than the ^
descendants from the inhabitants of the Nev; Sngland States, because these Yan- ^
kees are too comfort-loving to think of propogation.
"English is but the proud, insolent daugliter of the Germain language, and now
the mother tongue is to bo condemned in a city of half a million people, because
twelve thousand dollars for instruction is involved. It is ridiculous. Incident-
ally, the language lessons noed improvement. The subject should not be a matter
I A 1 b - 11 - (SStlAII
II B 3
III A Illinois Staats-Zjitung, Feb. 22, 1879.
IV
of choice; it ought to he compulsory and on an equal footing v,^ith other
studies. In Cincinn^iti and Cleveland German instruction thrives, but not here.
7/e must equal the accomplishments of that small nation, Switzerland. In that
Alpine country three languages are accorded equal recognition, and if a repre-
sentative of Tessin speaks at the national council, then it is expected that
ever:^ member of the assembly should understand him, as if he spoke in German or
French. ♦*
In his closing remarks the speaker j^\xtz7 said tliat v/e should continue to ^speak
German'' in our schools.
General Schaffner made a motion that the resolutions read by Philip Stein be
accepted and given to the School Board by a committee of five, together with the
chairman, v;ho was to be a delegate, also. Messrs. Smil Hoechster, Philip Stein,
Adolph Schoeninger, Max Stern, General Schaffner and the chaii^man were nominated
to this committee.
;7ilhelm Meyer moved that a vote of thanks be accorded to the Chicago Tumgemeinde.
I A 1 b - 12 - GBiaL^
II B 3
III A Illinois Staats-Zeltung, Feb. 22, 1879.
IV
^iie motion was/ accepted.
Max Stern asked the assembly to procure many signatures for the protest, re-
gardless of the fact that the peril seemed to be obviated; it might be bene-
ficial in the future to hav3 an ImposinG array of naiaes.
Adjournment followed thereafte^.
CO
CJl
Ai
aiJT^.L:\lI
III .1
Illinois StHats^-zjeitunc, Feb, 21, 1879.
. GjSI.:AI] II: TIU rUi^LIC 3C:I0GLo
Our School Board of Chicar^o, consist inp; of thirteen IJepublicans and tv;o
Democrats, intends to abolish 'C^eriian instructio:; in our public schools. This
is by no iieans the initial atteri])t, though it is the first one which shov/s in-
dications of success. The Yankees, Jtone and Keith, and the Jivede, Jacobs, who
display particular antagonism tov;ard Gk^rmans, are the ringleaders of the move-
ment. These three call themselves licpublicans. '.rnether they really are is S
somev;hat doubtful, because the greatest enemy of the Republican party can devise ^
no more effective means to demote it to a minority in Ghicaco than by abolish- ^
ing German in our public schools.
The Germans and taxpayers of our city demand th.e continuance as well as improve-
ment of the language course, and they do not regard the matter as a favor; they
consider that they are fully entitled to this part of the curriculum.
The Germans v;ill never submit to the impudent presuraption that this cosmopoli-
tan city is a Yankee village. V/hat the city represents today vias realized by
1^
o
CD
I A 1 b - 2 - a.JHi:AlI
III A
Illinois Staats^Zeitun,::, Feb. .^l, 1879.
co-operative effort of the ::0Gt diver^-^ent nationalities, and the G-enians are
at least equal in nuiuber to the native-born /imericans. The Gernian-speaking
citizens of uhica^o are the :;.ost conscientious and nro.ipt taxpayers of the city;
for ^3vcry tvjenty Yar±eo taxdoa;:ers, one finds hardly a si''::le Geruan, Our
Geniirin--rtiiiericans are the riost reliable supporters of the ^'Ublic school system, • :g
provided they are Given the consideration to vjhich they believe thenselver> en- 2
titled — not other^vise. They v/ill ror:ard as anta;-onistic every nirty vihich denies -^^i.
tV.is ri."-jit: let everyone v.ho is concernei in this ror.ieriber it. The assertion, r~
which is repeated ad nauseam, that Geman instruction costs trenendous suns is a ^
baseless, rialicious lie. Tho 6'q)ense is trivial — sli.^itly more than tv/elve o
thousand dollars; henue, a paltry ariount. o.,
cS .
The extra appropriations could be elininated entirely if teacliers ^vere selected ^-^
viho could handle other classes tor*ether ^'ith the German classes, as is practised
by other cities. This v/ould constitute an improve] lent nuite independent of the
cost problem, and in this v/ay the 3tud3r of langua'^es would lose its specialized
character. The students './ould then cease to re{::::rd linr^^iuistic instruction as an
I A 1 b - 3 - G3RI,IAIT
III A
Illinois Staats-Zeltuns, Feb, 21, 1079.
extraneous addition, but would come to consider it as a regular part of a com-
prehensive school plan. The import of this branch and the participation therein
can make an impression only if language instruction is restored to a place in
the school curriculum on a par v;ith other subjects.
If this antagonism to German instruction v;ere not based on a narrow-mindedness ^
and hatred of Gernans and German culture that is more or less subconsbious, then -^
it v/ould be worth while to tell our Anerican bigots that their intentions v/ill -^
not be realized even if Genaan is excluded from the public schools. Our nativists-^
desire that the German people should discard their aloofness in order that they '^
may be fully Aiaericanized. But that object cannot be attained — in fact, the g
opposite will prevail — if vie cause Gerr.ians to disapprove of our public schools. ""
JO
Parents v/ishing to avoid the possibility that their children will grow away from
them — if German is excluded from the public schools — will send their children
to private institutions or community schools, v;hich in turn v/ould only \7iden
the chasm between the offspring; of ^Americans and the descendants of Gerraans.
I .1 1 b
III A - 4 -
Gai^.iAii
Illinois 3taats-Zeitunn, Feb. 21, 1879.
Actually, those Qerrians who harbor such resentment toward Anericanism that
they would like to prevent their children from bein^ absorbed by the nev/ land,
would be well satisfied if Ck3rman instruction v;ere to be eliminated from the
public schools. In that manner Gteriiian I^ovz-Nothincism would be fostered just
as much as the American variety.
Me like neither faction. Hence wi: donand that Gterman be tau£;;lit, and instruction
be improved to the point where it is adequate for the purpose for v/hich it is
intended.
.:e v/ould consider it a declaration of v;ar by i^epublican Yankeeism acainst the
Ger/fian-speakinr?: citizens, if the Jchool Board abolishes German instruction^
because the Jn,^lish- speaking Republicans on the School Board are responsible
for its decisions. If l.lessrs. "./ells, ^-Lnistrong, Iloyne, .'o?nbld, Bartlett and
?rake combine their votes with the four German members, tlien German in our
schools will be safe, './e hope so — but the gentlemen should fully understand
:r.>-
o
CO
?v>
^^
on
I A 1 b - 5 - G-^:^-^^^
III A
Illinois otaats-Zeitun-, Feb. 21, 1879.
the far-reaching consequences of their conclusions.
If human jud^iaent is at all reliable, the discontinuance of Geman instruction
by a majority vote by the 3chool Board v/ould be tantamount to a Democratic
victory at the next city election, particularly if the two Democrats of the ^
Board (Brennan and linglish) ally themselves with the friends of German instruction. ^^
2
•
C
J -1. 1- ^ ■'' '-'-'^•■f^'
II B 3
I ? 3 Illinois 3t-i.at.s-.'e itnn.'- , '^eb. '?!, 1879.
OerioansI Corae to the :.orth Jide T^irnhalle This Hvenincl
The Chicago TT.irn^eT.ieinc]e ( '^-^'inaGtic "oriTiunit:/) arran -8d a mass neetinc for
toni^jit to enable the German.'^, and tlie friend:- of ^xerr'an-lan^ua^e instruc-
tion to devise v/ays and neans for the continuance of that subject, as veil
as drawia^ and music, in our mblic schools. These cultural subjects are
in"oeriled and an enerr.etic "^rotest a^inst the -^ror^osnd abolition of these
educational branches nust be considered. The matter is exceed in.'^ly iiapor-
tant to all Oemans.
Considering the taxes v/hich the ""Germans ^ay, they nay and can denand that
the ridiciolously .*^riall a-^ount v/hich ,roes for Geman-lanp^uane instruction
shall be paid, so that the nev; ?^eneration v/ill not be deprived of an
opportunity to be thoroughly grounded in the tonr;ue of their forefathers.
II B 3
I F 3 Illlnoin Staats- :eitun^:, Feb. 21, 1879.
The discontinuance of Oerman is atten^ted under the nuise of an economy
measure; but, in reality, v;e are raced ?/ith a political measure vdiose pur-
pose is — in the la^.t analvsis — tlie completed subjugation of the German
element. !'o one need appear toni-'^ht at the Turnhalle v;ho de:-ires to see
a reversion to the old days, when the Germans ^.'v^^re absolutely devoid of
influence in shaninr: the destiny of this country — tlie -oeriod when the
Oern:ans v/ere dra,';^^^ed to the ballot box or kic>ed out of the ^olliny places,
depending on which v/as expedient at the r^om'^^nt. But anyone vjho believes
that the Trermans should have an eaual or.riortunitv in shanin.^^ our develo-oing
nation, and who intends to liave his children study the ancestral lan,^-ua^:e g
and remain Teutonic in spirit, should come to the meetine'^ and bring his 5i
friends.
The School Board will be influenced in direct ratio to the impressiveness
of the meetinp;, and will drop its projected plan if the meeting is suffi-
ciently attended.
CO
lb - 3 - TrER!;:.!!!
II B 3
I F 3 Illinois :ltaats-^»itnn^. "^et). ?1, 1B79.
Tlie Tjreliminaries involving- this nrotest havo already rhov/n a beneficial
aspect, as '.ve note fron the appended article of the Inter-Ccean, nuoted
herev/ith:
German in the I'^iblic Dchools
/Translator's note: As the article is available in in^lish, it has not been
translated here, Ilov/'ever, a few excerpts are r:iven to provide a reasonable oj
continuity^
^Nearly every year at thir^ time a loud outcr:r ^^oes up.... in an effort to
prevail upon the Jchool Board to eli-^iinate ''German from our public schools....
Since economy is the sloran, one mi^ht think that a huf^e sum was at issue,
but actually the sum involved is o:.ly tv;elve tliousand dollars. The '^rermans
• ...as la:v-abidinc citizens. .. .and taxpayers. .. .are entitled to it#...Does
one care to revert to the m.ob rule of the former administration because of
a doubtful savin/?: of tvielve thousand dollars?...."
CD
I A 1 b - 4 - aj:HI>!^T
II E 3
I F 3 Illinois Jtaats-^eiturif:, Feb. 21, 1879 •
The article shov/s that the Inter- Ocean is v;ell infonned, and besides, it
c:,ives the consolinr-: assurance that "'-^^orr-e P. .iTmstrong, one of the nernbers
of the jchool Board and local editor of the Inter-Ccean, vxill vote against
the discontinuance of ^.ernan — if for -political reasons only.
VJe repeat: The neetin/;: should be vjell attended and it is honed that no
citizen of the ITorth Side villi be absent!
The .i/arora ^i>arnverein _Uiurora Oyranastic Club) and nany citizens of the North
oide villi mrticipate/in the meetin^T", They v;ill march in a body to the ^
in etinc, leaviar the .uirora Turnhalle at 7:45 ?.]'.'•
It would be desirable if other ar^sociations v;ould follov; the exai^-ole of the
Aurora T^arnverein,
ji
I A 1 b
I C
GSIMiN
IlUnois Staats-^Zeltung, Feb. 19, 1879.
Protest against Discontinuance of these Subjects in
our Public Schools
The following protest is being circulated; ^
**To the Honorable Itembers of the School Board of Chicago* p
"Gentlemen: The undersigned, citizens of Chicago, regret that several mem- g
bers of your esteemed Board are endeavoring to discontinue in our public ^
schools the three requested, special branches: drawing, music, and German* ^
"We are taxpayers, but regardless of the great sacrifices which we have
always been glad to make for the upkeep of our free school system, we do
not believe that the mere saving of thirteen thousand dollars justifies the
abolition of these cultural subjects, in a city of a half million inhabitants,
I A 1 b - 2 - OaRMAN
I C
Illinois Staats-Zeitung, Feb. 19, 1879 •
who pay four million dollars annually for the maintenance of our municipal
government.
^German is spoken by one third of our population and a knowledge of the
language is of incalculable value to everyone.
"Singing is te^ught in the lowest classes of all Christian coimtries, and
drawing benefits every person who has learned a trade.
"We, therefore, appeal to the esteemed members of your Board that they shall
not permit any changes in the present school plan, and that the aforesaid
studies shall be continued as heretofore."
Protest forms may be obtained from these places: H. Biroth, 111 Archer
Avenue; Vorwaerts Turnhalle; Aurora Tumhalle ; . . . • .^^ix addresses are givej^,
and after signatures have been obtained, the circulars must be returned to
3>
-T3
TV
CD
I A 1 b - 3 - GaSRMAN
I C
Illinois Staats-Zelt\mg> Feb. 19, 1879 •
one of these addresses, not later than next V/ednesday, February 26»
The text of the protest is, of course, in English, but an explanation is
given in German which, in the main, is identical; but, the following
request is added: "It need hardly be mentioned that the Germans of our o
city, in particxxlar, are greatly concerned with this question^ It is, ^"^
therefore, their duty to throttle in its incipiency this movement which ;"
threatens to develop into a nativistic affair, and \^ich, if successful,
would undoubtedly produce further transgressions. g
w...
"Anyone desirous of doing something, should ask for a list and obtain
signatures. It would be particularly advantageous to circulate the pro-
test aioDng clubs, lodges, etc#"
We fully agree with this protest in every particular and hope that the signa-
tures of all citizens of German origin will be affixed; that everyone will
I A 1 b - 4 - GERMAN
I C
Illinois Staats-Zeltiing, Feb. 19,1879.
do his share. This is a matter of utmost importance. The survival of
German culture is involved. It would be desirable if several hundred volun-
teers would endeavor to bring this protest into hones and shops for the
securing of signatures. ^
A general meeting has been announced by the Chicago Turngemeinde (Chicago F^
Gymnastic Community) and, it is hoped, no member will be absent, ^^ditor's ^
note: The Chicago Turngemeinde 7;as one of the most active organizations 5
in the fight to maintain German-language instruction in our public schools^
o
CO
CD
^o
en
I .-. 1 b
III r.
Illinois ltnr,t^-Zoit\mr , :^eb. 10, L:7C.
The ochool Board '^.ot a^*^:!^: for its annvi.-J. r.n.". riionotonoiu'V* r) 'U.lir c libblin-;:
contest ovt;r th'j V'-iluu ■•nCi roinxltr, of C-errnan instruct ion in our public schools,
'^oth sides ^ru3t3nt th^ir -.r -uionts v/itli eonsiuorablo latt jrne.:s. Ins'^ector
Jone.;, one of th;j nost juIIj:: n-.tivisto of the cit^, leaus thu o^-x^sition, v/liilt3
J^: -'^^octor True. :3inf^, a frooti.inkiri r^.dicnl -..liosj attitude in-ido hi:i per:::anontl7
hostil.; tc certain .\r.oric"in na^ibors of tho Jchool 7.oard, urjiolds the contention
o^ tho ^ro-Gomnns, .'.tt-^c :3 -and defence, in so fr-^ -^^-^ S7v3cohos -ire concerned,
are aL-:iost ertirel:^ confined to these t.;o '-entleier. , and the^ ov^j^rvvhelm their
colle-v^ues — as v/ell as the re^^orter: .vho -.re co:i"oll'ji^ to liste... to their tir-
ades— ..'ith an onsl-iii.^^h.t of st-itistics nnd state: lents froM sc'iools of other
cities whoru ^Jeriaan is tau^dit, until the as^e.ibl-- is complotel^ bewildered. As
no cle
ar, concise facts could bo
herod, oven thou :h the closest attention
'^jjiiQ.
was paid to the ^^re..ent dis-.uisitions on the subject (Cer^ian-lant^uar^e instruc-
tion ir. our aublic schools), our reporter decided to riarce an independent inves-
ti -ation of the subject and at once beran delvin," into the arcliives of the
schools, consulting' tlie forci ;n-lan,i:uare teachers and so foi'th, in order to c^ve
r
I /. 1 b - 53 - a-!?.IiUT
III II
Illinois .'^taats-'^oitan- , l-'eb. 1;, 1079 •
reliable in-'or^^ition to our intjrjotod roauers,
'jtatistics given by tlio "Roard o." -Education are very inconnlete. For instance:
ITo evid'jnco is jivailaole conceniinr tha nationality of -my of the school children,
or rather, their parents. A list ivin ' the ''land of birth'' of the pupils is
available, ho;vever.
JOB
In the :r.aterial de-ilin^ v;ith those tK^rinr* Ooman, considwr^ation is rl:'~^r\ to the i::^
nation^ilit:' of ;^upils, but thi:j is ^^lativjl^ valueless for it includes no in- f-
dication of the nationality of those cliildren v;ho do not avail themselves of the ^
opportunity to learn a foroi^cr. toriy.ue, 'Dvidenco of the cost of conducting class- o
es of the various evades is also ver;; near;er, thou.:;h this information is essen- ^
tial if one is to .-.scertain the actual ox"nens3 incurred in teachinj;^ Gorrrjin, or — fZ
let us say — the cost of r)rcvidinfi; instruction in this lan;:uage as compared v;ith c.^^
thit of other subjects v;hich h'^^ taUe:ht in our schools •
For these re isons it v/as iMpossible — even lith the best of intentions — to obtain
a thorouji sttitistical foundation on v;hich to base deiaands that German be taUj';:ht
I A 1 b - 3 -
III H
Illinois Staats-Zeitung, Feb. 10, 1G79
OSIiHK
in the schools. For an adequate solution of the problon such records would
have been desirable.
Daily school attendance during the past school year shovved an averace of 41,569;
of this number, 31,990 pupils belong to the elementary classes; the middle or
grammar classes had 8,274.4 (sic) and the high schools, 1,532 students.
Our reporter has not investigated the figures of the high schools and so only ^
the middle classes /gramnai7 come into consideration in so far as the study of p
German is concerned. The elenentar^^ schools are not included either, since Ger-
man has not been taught in these lower classes for several years. Furthermore,
not all the granmar schools teach German and this decreases considerably the num-
ber of students who might study German, if given an opportunity. Thus on July 1,
1877, the end of tliat school year, 5,019 stuaents (aside from those in the high
schools) had an opportunity to take Geniian lessons, and 1,806 scholars were en-
rolled, or ^bout/ 36 per cent. On January 31, this year, 5,945 gra^aar students
could have taken lessons in Gerinan, and 1,969, or roughly 33 per cent, partic-
ipated; so one notes an increase in the absolute number of those taking
J- ij
« A «
TT TT
Illinoi-: 3t:vvts-;::3itun-, '^ob. 10, l'-?:.
u;n Ger .nil but n Griallcr '^jrcent:r;e of tlr) .;holo.
Tha ^■'^nondn: t^.ble '-ivoG jonparisorG oi'' Trornan inr^truction, or r'i.th':3r, of student
r'irtici^':ti^n i"^ the virious schools.
rul-- 1, 1F77,
j'obruar-' 1, 1C70,
School
i Totiil naM-^ .'3tuuent3« Porcentar-o i
♦ bar oi T>u-
riils
.'^cannon
i'inzie
?r3.nklin
'Vashinrtcn
•'osolev
Brov/n
C^don
/ i v-^ j_ _L o
2^±7
30;3
ObO
490
374
S38
314
stUu'^^in'M
'^r^or-^-m
■ ■ ■»»
83
l.;o
1:7
99
130
1S8
146
ir;7
P7»
I ^i:9
t 4:3
I 27
} op
39
36
2(j
Total nu!7.-» otudentsT^ rorcontarte
bor of pu-< stucl/inrj
51^ '"1 120
2b
313
364
368
584
759
429
316
112
193
75
177
15
151
1 OA
{ 46
j 36
j 53
I 20
1 30
35
25
C
I A 1 b
III H
- 5 -
Illinois "Jtaats ^oitiin^, Feb. 10,
L^j { J
n I'^T^T*' 'TT
o-'Cinnar
TT
'G
lav en
Cotta
Doro
Lincoln
Carpontor
North Clark
^ * •
Calanet Avo.
Total
\
<
401
52^
^
arovei '^16
O.JO
260
14:0
loa
1-19
56
ICO
151
54
5,019 (sic) 1, ''.')(]
t
t
»
I
(
I
(
t
26
43
50
20
39
f
I
^
502
276
o40
oi:5
145
15:3
201
56
L
80
120
71
1S3
112
39
06
56
Ob
0/
D
' 1 OAQ
16
36
,y6
I 54
! 23
! 1^
I 45
! 100
33
T^.is oon^ilation sho-.;3 that the lov/ent ^^artici'^ation rat'"j, 20 per Ccjnt in July,
1377, dro"^- 3fi to 16 pe''' cent; tao hi::hont rate rone fron :;6 to 60 per cent.
(The Calirr.et ,\ven'ae school c'ive.i CVar^ian inntractions to all its :^ra:TLniar pupils,
and a rrori-m instractresr. is in ch.ar^-e, if our ronortor's st'iteiojits are not
based on error. )
•lb - 6 - CEK^LiiN
-n
III H
Illinois Staats-Zaitung, Feb. 10, 1879.
It is to be noted that the increase in the nunibor of those taking Gerrian is al-
most entirely attributable to the fact that tv;o more schools provided this in-
struction.
The considerable decrease of pupils studying German at the Ilorth Clark Street ^
School is partially uuo to transfers to Ogden School, but mostly to the unco- 5
operative attitude of the teachers. If that is eliminated, then increased <ri
attendance may be looked for. An actual increase in attendance at Geriiian class- p
es is noticeable only at the Franklin, Moseley, Dore, Lincoln and Carpenter ^
schools. g
About one half of the nuraber of pupils taking German le'-jsons on February 1 ware of R
German parentage. On February 1, sixteen special teachers taught German, besiaes c3t
the principal and tho teachers in the hi^^ schools which give German instruction,
and their total salaries amount to .)9,400 annually. To this must be added one
half of the Calumet Avenue schoolteacher* s salary**, and ol»020 from the principal's
salar;;^, the portion prorated to the gramiaar schools, so that the cost of German
instruction for 1,959 pupils arriounts to iPl0,7:i0 annually, or 4^5.95 per year for
I . 1 b - 7 -
III 11
Illinois ";t:'r.b.^"3,-titiin : , .'eb. 10, l':?J.
each T): rticip^nt.
It '.;ould be uni'air to ccn'ae:^n ^rerir^nn inoLrvictious rort:v.;itli, on the :round that
it i'^ too oxponsivo, since cha iivjr-i-'e cor>t oT .11 nchool inntructio:'' , including-
hif'h srjhoolo, is onl;' '\.\.\-^Z ^v^r y^'\v. In ,3cort lini^i. ; th^ tru3 •roDortionate
cost, one iiuot •. :siuno thnt tho to .cuor:i or t'lin 3ubject -w^ -;iv3n thj sa*ao avor-
are nuota of u-^ils as nravii"^;'; in ot'^irir cI^l.sos — in otiior ..ordr; — consiuerution
should bo iven to t^j .ohin.* .ctivit' co: jii^nsiir-.t j .it.i an o::n3nditure O-.* lJ,7.iO.
"^^^.Q av3ra.-*o 'toaciinr neri^d in oar local nuolic .--^c.^^ola, alVa Lho oi-ice^^tion of th-^
iiirdi schools, is 38G h^^ars (13 jioars :"or ^.. ;U"uls). Goriian instruction avora^-er-;
ono-half hour dail*^. "^I^k^ l,i^l.3 jaildiv^?) ./lO si.ua^- ^orrian (v;it:i 'Jiv3, oxca;:tion of
tho Oalunet sc]ioo]. ) rj'^uiro C^i^jv h ars oj* i^r- traction a v.a:'*, .horeas uhj7 arc rvo^
vit..od ..ith 4,.)76 Ivuirs of availablj tiao on tho ^^ rt of r.eachors, .;hich ;;ould bo
aiuiv'^.li.nt go oo-c^iinr- 9,15;j cliildron j^aca t ''in^^ a one-hilf-liour lessojy^, Jv^in
if tiao loss inciuont to shoi*L •r.rioviS an-, no -o/tod ch n 'os O;' toachinr;* personnel
is osti aatod .:t fift:^ "'^cr ct.nt, ohoro n\3, novaroJicloas, onoa:;! ?\jr:aai toachjrs
available — if oheir oiiao /jj-e falla atilizal — t^. in^Lruct 4:,vj7G cnildron^ This
r
r
r V
i
1 b
I 'I
<A
Ill :i
Illinois
■". ^- O O ^ '-• ,
.]oitur'
•^-.^
oi* oCiinol inr; Lruction. riun :V'j luf^t consiaer thrit t'lo ::iVt.^ruo^ cojo in the c^ai^^-
n-U" schcoln nnounts to about 2^i rijr r-u^nl; taarji.'ore, CrcrMan inctnicticn v;oulci.
o.ilv r:jquiro one oi.%itji o:.* th j total outl..^ for ':11 :ic:.ool .rabjoctj.
:Tot*7 i^ ro:'arl to the ronultr; thuj i* r ootaii^od — thnt in, L]^o ouuoatioMal uccoin-
nli:;]v..iont:-) — theso ve i'^.nt -vir' 1 vil-irl" brilli-int, -::cor.i.i'v: to thj corn* idonti-tl
3t=^.teicnt Ox' our ro^n^rt-jr, "^'.it hera :o izi^.t ro iorib:jr r,h .t onl"- a v^jv:^ few ntvi-
dentc oo;-i-"l jt j^. th>j ontirj .;iv'in:.r eo'irne. "ot ovon one o -iru o.; those 'ii'^.tri-
c:l tin" i-1 L:)e *'ir/jt Tiii:;!. .r cli::'3e:";, oo^-'.:'ljt:.:d th-j fi^^al cl-.i:r; oJ tho oonrse,
'':lvon .;Jn;n :iLir jnts Jid connlat^j t^.-) oonrij *:ho:' ..orc^ ivon i^.rol:" : suit-iblc?
To una -it ion for ru.i»th-„r ^-ro'*ror;n.
,0
ro.'.in.jnt r:er!:ian-
Cur ro^ortcjr sho-,.ed hi:: statistic 1 ^'i * ir-.s na i^inc^in^^s
/u^:jric-'n nad;> *o-^'Uo ^nd tiid lr,ttor no/- to hi."^ • ]ii--hl;' co'"^x iueritiul re^^ort ..hich
r-iall'' s}:ould bo dissonin-.tod • n.. ^'i;:,do ivaila'^l*. ^x> t-u) {;*.^noral public, "^ut
t:io ''■:or.tl3'*;.n, sho*.;in-* 'ono usual "^.oc'-est" ^^x "^.vr-nan sci; tists, ashcMl th-it ris
na'io ho ■..'ithhold, "o said:
en
1 '- - o «
■!" J _ '.
TTT
Tllinoi". .:t_'V;Go- rJj^Jin;-, ^''oh. 1-, l'"^7;%
•^'"'ur r?t:ti3t/ic3 rir. v^r.* v ;lua-I'^ in. j-ju --n.. s:.ov; U3 two facts: .'irst, that
our sg\oo1 3t-:itintics "Po l-i:n-:ntabl:- ii:con l^-^to ..i2id, socoiiu, th- t ';;^3:uan in-
struction in our -nublic ."^jhoolo h- "^ b.on -ririti." iiw^ueci^-jd. If the statisticG
-.vcro co::r5l.-^t3, thon v;j v/ould h -vj jviJonc-^ to npove jujc he ; i-iuch oii.io i3 do-
votj-. to e..ch subiect; ii^fori.tion .;ould bo iVuil iblo to slio.; !:]io nation il ori-
rin of G^ch nunil md, -ibovo -J.!, v.'.hotiior th.e ■^"upilf". obtaiajd thoir olonientar^
schoolinr- in our or other institutions.
-X3
''In 30 "ar as Oor-i.n instruction is concernoL. , I r^iust S'V^^ as ;. toacrier, th-it it w-
should r3'oro33nt a nro*iinj2it ^v.rt of our curriculim, narticul: rl'^ since Oiiiea^^o 1^
his sucii • lar. -3 Ger.'an olaient. In riaizin;'; this -ss^rtion I ai not influenced £:
b:^ an:'' "^rojudice in f-jvor of :t' iictiier toia aie. The vornan lan'^uane should even ^^
be taur^ht in tae elericntar" classes, 'it least ths t.c u^:per ones, not no rely for
lirgiistic reaso/is, but as a :ijan3 of in.Iucin* chiildr<;n to tiiini:, and of :;evelop-
in-; ^hcit trait, I aa convinced that fa::Liliarit7 -ith the Croriian lcinc;ua^:e, if
acsuired durinr* youth, riust be beneficial to the dn.;li3h-3oe driny. people, _ls it
is a -'reat help in r^ainin/: a proper understrinain^; of ICn^^lish itself -md as it
definitel:' develops -jid hristens our hno.;led,;e of crciruiar.
lb - 10 - o:::^.:::
Ill :I
Illinoin 3t'v;t,^- ' itun-, Tob. 10, lo79.
''j]nr:li3:i instruction in our ncliooln, i:" iv-n sinult-ineously vjitii the German,
v;ould lose nucri oJ its nech-,nical c;l .raotor •.'hieh n:iI:oG our absorption of
'';;n^:li3r; a v}j:^tb ra-.ttor of laonor-- -it ■*^r^^r)02lt. As soon '..3 the 3tu62nt bj,::ins to
un;lerst.'-.n:l the eh:racte:"istic lo "ic of tho O-orr.inn rr-r.-iar, ho is naturally led
into arolyin^- it to Onr'licli .;ora mu sentenee structure, ;ilso, althou^'ii in a
sone.;h.'-t inverted or-Ler, ^ince both I'^n uar^es orir^inated fro:i the ':~,,.\s^o source.
To obtain such a benefit it is of course nece.:;sar:.' that the Gerii^.n l^mcuare ba
tau^-ht earl-' — in the cleient- r*^ cl- sses.
"It is '^ntirel'- erroneous to believe that the stu:^' of H-eriVin interferes v/ith
other subiects, To the contr*ir*', asi^ie froa iiithenatics, there is no subiect
tauaht in Lhe lov;er classes ;hich aevcloas tiiinhin': and thereby facilitat
learnin'^ in roneral as v/ell as srasten-itic instruction in Geriian,
3>
"13
',^
<. J
«
»
Co
es *-^
"In so far as instruction in Geirian here in CJhica o is concerned, the chief faults
are tliat this subject is cntirol:; excluded from the elerientary classes; and, above
all, the /Tncorrect/ 3i9t:iod oT te^ chinn .^hich no;; nrevails. In C'licayo, -is v/ell
as throu::hout the country, v;e for:.:jd the habit of teaching; in a rather laechanical
I A 1 b - 11 -
III
TT
I3.1inoi^; ":ti-ts-"*oitan.', 7eb. 10, 1S79.
manner; 'x3 -x nritur.-;! consjquonce the i^^tucltints drop a subject ./henovcr they can
^ecpjise interest in 1 ^c 'iirv^. /J.so, nljss co'inulsor;^ school :.ttondLnco is
renorall:' ado"^t3cl, v;c3 i'^;ce ono iinsurMOurrtabla obstacle; ver^' fev; stuJants I'liiish
the entire school course. Triiis thoy •i-.'JVii^G onl^^a su-^or.'icial idea of v;hat
they cu.-fit t^ lor.rn. This, f./jn, is i^robably ono or tie outstmnin*'^ reasons for
the linguistic confusion n'^ticeablj .iricnf^ aescenu-mts ci r^orians, Perhaps this
lin-'uistic conl*U3i^)n ..'ould '-.Iso •lanifest itsjlJ if thj children had not studied
Gerrum- in school, bocaus:^ chiluron \jho cmstrLntlp hear a Goirian- ]nr^lish iarpon
at ho"io nece'-.snril'' are aiToctod, -n^i the natois, the pernicious habit of the
parents, unless persistent schoolin," counteracts it.
^'I arr of t^io opinion that should v:e in^rovo our stud" course ana introduce ^rerraan -^
in all ::r-in:aar schools, rari^icipation in the lan/aiaco clas:-;es ;iil reach seventy-
five per cent; t-iis can be acco:r\lished ./ithout increasing the scliool budr-et or
sli"")itinr other subjects. I "j\ convinced that tiie older ::tuaents of ohe yrairaar
schools, ivho attended the Oor:;:an coui'se nd rjasned, are better in .Jnylish spelling:
than their con-nanio'is 'vlio, as the result of bain": influenceu into recardiuf; Gor-
man instruction as a v/aste of time, ne -lactvid it. Perhaps it ''li.-ht be .i :;ood
TT
I .\ 1 b - m - 0.^1J]
III ii
Illinoi:^ "-t-\rt^^ oiL^ir^", "ob. 10, 1"71/.
riolic'^ to oo.':-nil3 -i.-curito ntttiSvic:;. on this h-iSe. .^en ti^j ^ublic if:* con-
front-3u witli evidence -/hich .^hov/s tho ;:'.dv"'.nt-i;"-G of r.tud^in:;: Gcria-m as a roneral
subject, thsn our ^eo-nl^, ror'.rdlo 'j of n'.tion*tli->tic ori::in, "vill dei'initel^^
opi^ose ubolitioTi of lin-^-uistic studies in o :r schoolf^.
"It is a p*irent-il dut/ of ^ac^le ^o clos3l'/ int::nr.;ov3n v;itii G-cr;'a.inv as our
/vmeric\^ns, to holp their cliildren to rr-.lzo the v;o:ilth of Crornan litsraturc noro
aoco'isiblo, b-^ nrovidin": an opportunity to loam the lan;:uac^'»"
I
r
"73
CD
I A 1 b GERaAN
IV
Illinois Staats-Zeltuog. Jan. 17, 1879.
SJISSICN OF TH3 SCHOOL BOARD
A special session of the School Board was held yesterday; llr. V/ells presided.
The following gentlemen were also present: Messrs. Hoyne, Snglish, Jacobs,
Pruessing, Stone, /iVilhel^ Vocke, Brennan, Barblett, and Frankenthal.
Several unimportant matters were settled, ilr* Pruessing told the meeting
that there are 2,140 ntudents of the German language among the pupils of both
sexes.
Bartlett made a motion that the estimates of various connittees for special -»^
teachers be accepted; special instructors for deaf-mutes were included in
these estimates.
Stone made a motion to eliminate em appropriation for ^1,500— the anount
I .. 1 b •
17
Illinois c;t!r---t3- eitun^, J-i^^. 17, 1879.
required to pay the s-.larv^ o? a j^peci'-.l teacher o ? the Ger:>ian lancuac©. -'ex-
perience ha.'^ Gl.ovm that includinn G^er lan in the school curricula^ is a .^listake.
In 1<:55 til'-- School Board decided to :-ive instruction in CHarniaii a trial at the
..asiiington 3chool. nt that time the Geri.iaii class contained one liundred and
fifteen nupils; novi the class has decreased to fift^r-iix pupils. iJid this is
true of the -prorxess of the Cror.ian lanr:aaf3e in all schools. In the twelve
l^.rr.'jst schools, ten years ar{0, o,065 children ;;ere studyinft; the Gerrian Ian- •
/^uage; today those classes have an enrolln-nt of about l,lu2.
%
■i
The spea'rer then read a part of a^^ article (\;hich he had written) v;hich appeared ^
in the Jaily lews about a yoar a^o. i^. this article Ccrrian instruction is
regarded as superfluous, oxpcnsive, and useless. In his article 3tone con-
cluded that the Gerrians ther.iselves prefer that the subject be dropped in the
schools, because they realize that noney s^ent on this lan^raage is vjasted.
Bartlett called attention to the fact that Jtone^s re..mrks were out of order
I A 1 b - 3 - GgiIR!.^AN
IV
Illinois Staats-Zeltung, Jan. 17, 1879,
and thftt only the sanction of the motion could be considered.
Vocke took up the cudgel in behalf of German and said that Mr. Stone could ^
hardly pix)ve his assertions. He said that the Gerraan taxpayers, without ex- 3
ception, want their children to learn the Gez^nan language; he said that he, ^
himself would teach German to his children— or nave tliem taught—because F
knowledge of another language besides one's native tongue is desirable and ^
advantageous. A general education requires that one be familiar with at o
least two languages, to provide a comparison by which one may acquire an i^
adequate understanding of expressions. The speaker then cited the impor- S
>4
tance of studying German and showed the necessity of studying this language ^
in conjunction with English.
The limited success of the teaching of the Geit^ian language in Chicago can
only be blamed upon the restrictions which were placed on the School Board
committee.
I
I A 1 b - 4 - QI^gJAN
IV
Illinois Staat3«::eitu]i€, Jan. 17, 1879.
If Vocke^s proposals had been accepted, better results would soon have been
apparent •
Pruessing then added that !&. Stone had made no reference to the children
who study German in the elaTientary schools. The number of these students is
also reduced, because the School Board passed a resolution that German shall
not be taught at a public school unless one hundred and fifty parents request
this subject by petition.
English, offering a substitute measure for Stone's motion, asked that all
appropriations for Geraian instruction, drawing, and music be dropped; he
added that it is necessary to provide a general education before spending
money for special branches.
Jacobs expressed similar views.. ...A vote killed the substitute measure of
English.
I A 1 b - 5 - GEEMAIT
IV
Illinois Staats-Zeltung, Jan. 17, 1879.
Stone's motion was then voted upon, and the motion was defeated seven—Hoyne,
English, Pruessing, Vocke, Bartlett, Frankenthal and President Vi'ells — to
two — Jacobs and Stone.
Thereafter..... bickering followed on the subject of appropriations for special
branches.... •
CO
I A 1 b GER^^^AN
Illinois Staats-'Zeitung, March 26, 1878
THE SEHl^N LANGUAGE IN THE PUBLIC SCHOOLS ''^^^ ^^'^'' thvj.oU::
A STATEMEUT
To the Editor of the Illinois Staats-geitungj
March 26, 1873.
The German language was taught in all primary and high schools of Chicago,
instituted by the educational program of the Board of Education, until June
1876, when a decision of the same Board of Education left the teaching of
German to the children, to the free will of the parents* In spite of this
decision the number of pur)ils of German learning was 2098 in J\ine of last
year, and rose in March of this year to 2193 pupils.
We owe this result to the untiring efforts of the Committee for German
Instruction, which had to fight a powerful propaganda of English- American
newspapers which were against the teaching of foreign languages, particularly
German* It is uto to the alertness of all Germans and German-Americans to
fight for the German mother tongue and support the hard task of the German
Committee (for German instruction) in every direction.
Sigaeds Ernst Trussing
I A 1 T)
I Q Illinois Staats-Zeitung, July 11, 1877
17
THACHING OP GERMAN IN PUBLIC SCHOOLS
The appointment of a superintendent for the German language in public schools
shall he decided tomorrow* It is strange that the election of teachers for
special subjects does not take place at the same time with the election of
other teachers, and that Mr, Schoninger's proposal to re-elect Miss Regina
Schauer, who enjoys a splendid reputation has been postponed* •••
A story is in circulation according to which Mr* Ernst Trussing and the insane
Haring Rodney Welch of the Times formed an offensive and defensive alliance by
which Welch declared himself willing to support Prussing in all of his movements
to eliminate the words "God'' and "Christianity" from the school's text-books
and he (Prussing) in turn pledged himself to Welch and the Tribune to eliminate
the German language from public schools at the earliest possible moment, but
until then will endorse Mrs* Comienti (Welch's sister-in-law) as a German
teacher* It is almost imr)ossible to believe this story, although Mr* Prussing
is well known for his atheistic iAclinations and cotxld be well compared to the
-3- SERMAN
Illinois Staats-Zeltung, July 11, 1877
rudeness and harshness of the infallibility of the raging Purl tans « But that
he would he willing to sacrifice the German instruction in public schools, for
the sake of his religion, which has been added at the cost of intense efforts
as one of the subjects in public schools, seems really impossible^ One thing
is certain, this is the opposition of Prussing against the re-election of
Miss Regina Schauer, insisting that Miss Schauer has not the adequate knowledge
to fill this position satisfactorily* But this assertion is not at all in
accordance with the observations made by other Oerman members of the School
Board. In search for the truth we interviewed Messrs Dr« Bluthardt, Washington
Hesing, John C* Richberg and Adolph Schoninger, all of trtiom speak highly of
Miss Schauer* s ability, praise her energy, diligence and excellent discipline
not omitting the fact, that the purils who took German in public schools made
remarkable progress during the last few years while \mder the direction of
Miss Schauer •
This opinion is shared by a large number of the best German te^u:hers«..But where
does Mr* Prussing get all his information from? Did he personally attend
-3- \E^ W/ GERMAN
Illinois Staats^Zeltun^. July 11, 1877
her claesee to make this sort of accusations? If he did he must have changed
greatly and must take his duty much more seriously since his re-election than
formerly, as member of the School Board.
It was notorious that althou^ President of the Committee for teaching Oerman,
he never was present at any German class instruction, not even at examinations
"but spent all of his time in activities of denouncing the dear Lord whom he
would have liked to eliminate from school hooks. If he did change, which would
be -prreatly desirable, it is unknown to us* He never showed any interest in
investigating the ability of the teachers or the progress of the pupils studying
German, but with ohe exception, the visit to the district high school of the
North Side.. ..
I A 1 b
Illinois Staats Zeitung, Dec* 28, 1876.
Jk I®:/ 3CIIC0L ijcard huling7
GERMAN
The school board made an important decision yesterday^ by abolishing
the regulation^ according to which pupils were obliged to pursue the
entire course once they had taken up a subject* This applies to the
courses in German, drawing and music* Now they may drop these subjects
any time after havingtaken them up* This is mostly aimed against the
teaching of German* The teaching of these subjects will suffer greatly
in tfficiency following this change in regulations*
I A 1 b
I P 4
Illinois Staat8-*Zelt\ingt August 14, 1876
GEHMAN
WPA (ILL) PRO j. 30^/6
GEHMAN INSTHUCTION
To the Editor of the Illinois Staats-Zeitung.
In yesterday's West en (Sunday edition of the Illinois Staats-Zeitung) you gave
us the information that in the last meeting of the Board of Education Mr* Covert
made the proposal to do away trith German instruction with the addition: -
Characteristically the motion came ri^t after the protest from the German-
American Republican Society had been received •
Per those who so far did not believe your communications and information about
this matter, this should be a sign, and I hope the last one, of how consistently
and ruthlessly those gentlemen pursue their aiml There is only one weapon
left: many votes and a clever, honest deal in votes (stimmenschacher)* In
the last meeting of the Board of Education, evidence enough was produced that
German instruction hangs on a thread* Only one vote more or less might
overnight give it the death blow* He who is sincerely concerned about this
matter, will realize quickly, that this is not the time to toss, nor for
I A 1 T) -3- SSRMAN
I P 4
Illinois Staats-Zeltun^, August 14, 1876 WPA t'^LL'^ PP^I ^r??^
\incertaln, experiments, but that the entire German public should be glad about
the present composition of the Board of Education and about its representatives.
Por changes, that possibly may be desirable, there will be more occasions in
future.
Signed,
S.
1 b
Der .est en, Xu^. 13, 1876.
G^RiMiN Ii:3f RUCTION I:; T'nP. 3CH00L3.
"(ffk (^.IL) ppnj^ 30.,.,
Yesterday's procecrings "'t the ^oard of '^duc'^-tion reve'^<led, th"t a motion
v/ns r.-'de by It, Cove-'t to co''":pl3toly eliir.inate -lerman instruction f'rori the
r)ublic schoolf:. Occ:-isi:n to th-t motion v/as rjivon by the proposed reap-
pointment of lii s Retina Schauer as supe.-intendent of German instruction.
Her rGinst''\temont is not favored by sever' 1, even by some v/ho are v/ell dis-
posed tov/ard Gerrr'n instruction, bec'-use unJ:il the return of better tiines
this office c-n be dispensed with. The motion of Covert iollov;ed, after
-^iss Schauer had received a majority, but not the required absolute majority.
Tne s^me motion v/ill probably be made again next Jednesdajr.
x^
1 b
I ? 3
I F 4
I C
Illinois Staats Zeitung, May 5» l876»
GERMAN IN THE SCHOOLS.
/ I
GERl^IAN io *^/!4 %
Since the teaching of German has moved in the public schools from the
lowest grades up to highest; since it has become obligatory for students
who have once taken it up; and since it has been grouped under one
departmental headf it has produced results beyond the fondest expectations
The number of children of Snglish speaking parents enrolled in the German
classes is constantly increasing and proves that the study of German is
considered to be of practical and cultural value as well*
The school board has until now given almost unanimous recognition to the
value of the teaching of German* The bitter hatred against everything
German^ as it has msmifested itself in the school board of the Irish-
American city New York^ has until now not been noticed here*
w
»
- 2 - GERMAN
\%
.J '
■• I,
Illinois Staats Zeitung^ L£ay 5f l876. .; . ^^/
we gay until now, but national hatred is an hypocritic beast, which like
a snake seems to be stiff and lifeless, to strike suddenly and uncover
Its poisonous fangs •
It is the Chicago Times which tries to awaken here this hatred against
everything German, even among the English speaking members of the school
board* Yes we hear, that among the English members of the school board,
an opinion is taking shape to abolish the position of German departmental
head*
Should a majority of the school board become a tool of the infamous story
of the Times, the German speaking citizens would accept the challenge*
From the German members of the school board we expect a fight for the
retention of the German language under the present ^onditions*^
- 3 - GERMAN
Illinois Staats Zeitung, May 5, IS76.
The well being of no other American city depends as much as Chicago on the
solidarity of its citizens from different nationalities. The political
party system of this city has proved that Germans look for friends preferably
among the Anglo-Americans. But should the Germans be attacked from the
American side, they would not hesitate to counter-attack with all their
power*
/.■
5»V
Uj
I kl'b
<y
Per WeBten (Sunday Edition of Illinois Staats-Zeitting) ,
Mar. 13, 1876.
<:/
^ERMAN* INSTRUCTION IN THE PUBLIC SCH00li7
How in yesterday* 8 negotiation of the Board of Education it was ▼isi'blet
that shortly before midmight a proposal was made "by Mr. Covert to abolish
Oennan instruction entirely from the list of the instruction shelf* The
application for reappointment of Hiss Regina Schaner gave the cause to this*
This from a few otherwise in favor of German instruction was not approved
because they think that under present conditions until better times arrive,
this appointment would be unnecessary* Covert* s proposal was successful,
after Miss Schaner received the plurality of the votes of those present,
but not received the absolute maJority(due to this late hour six members
had left for home) , but was called out of order for the time bei]3g«
Next Wednesday it probably will come to a vote again* The motion came
right after a protest was received from the German-American Republican
Society*
» /"
I A 1 b GERMAN
III B 2
I F 4 Illinois Staats-ZeituDg> Mar. 23, 1875.
Ill A
I C TEE GERMAN LANGUAGE IN THE PQBLIC SCHOOLS
(Editorial)
The Germans of the city of New York held a great mass meeting on March 18, ^
for the purpose of protesting against the intention of the school board of ^
that city to ban the instruction of German from the public schools. Many ^
good reasons for retaining the instruction of German were advanced in this C
meeting, and not only by Germans, but also, orally and in writing, by some ^
members of the English Language Society. It was pointed out that studying S
two languages at the same time exercises the pov/er to think; that a constant '^
comparison of two languages not only sharpens the mind, but also increases the Ei3
ability to use the mother tongue; that a knowledge of the German language aids ^
young people to attain success in business, etc.
That is all true; but we should not forget that the question is chiefly one of
power. If the German citizens who are members of the German Language Society
are strong enough to force recognition of themselves as a determining factor
I A 1 b - 2 - GERMAN
III B 2
I F 4 Illinois Staats-ZeltuDg, Mar. 23, 1875.
Ill A
I C In public affairs, the excellent reasons mentioned above, for maintain-
ing or Introducing the Instruction In German, will be convincing; other-
wise all efforts will be In vain.
All the theories which were advanced in favor of teaching Germsoi in the public
schools of the country thirty years ago, are still valid. Would anyone, how- ^
ever, have proposed that German be made a branch of study in public schools at 3
that time 9 when Americans of English or Irish descent respected the Germans no t—
more than the Chinese are respected in California today? At that time the Ger-
mans In the United States were utterly impotent, but now they are a pov/er In
the land. It is as such that we demand equality for the language with which
we have endowed the unfinished American character. It is by that power that
they will obtain recognition of this equality, wherever such recognition can
be obtained.
••Here I am, and here I shall stay,** wrote MacMahon, after he had forced his way
into the Tower of Malakoff . "Hius we members of the German Language Society
CO
CD
ro
— I
cr
I A 1 b - 3 - GERMAN
III B 2
I F 4 Illinois Staats-Zeltung, Itor. 23, 1875.
Ill A
I C declare emphatically: **Here we are, and we shall stay here. We shall pre-
serve our German language, our German ideas, and our Gerraan customs. We ^
appreciate, and are willing to assimilate those native habits and usages that 5
appear to be good and sensible; but we are determined to insist upon our right .:-
to equal participation in the formation of the national American character. We p
are well aware that our endeavors will meet with opposition. Uniting members ^
of various nations into a new nation was always difficult, as /re can see from §
history, and we are prepared to meet the issue. We shall gladly face all op- ^
ponents, endure their ridicule and their sneers, as German character and cus- g
toms gradually assert themselves and become American national characteristics. Jj!
Patience and perseverance have always been among the most noteworthy virtues of
Germans; they were chiefly responsible for Germany's success in every phase of
human endeavor; and they will force recognition of their right to equality, not
only locally, but everywhere in America. *•
It is argued, and not without ^ood reason, that the study of a foreign language
will prove to be useful and advantageous even to children of the members of the
I A 1 b - 4 - GERMAN
III B 2
I F 4 Illinois Staats-Zeitung, Mar. 23, 1875#
III A
I C English Language Society. However, the objection is raised that the
study of a foreign language, even though it may be profitable, is be-
yond the scope and sphere of elementary schools, the purpose of which is to
instruct only in the fundamentals of education, and that in the language of
the country; and that the study of a foreign langu€ige should be confined to
high schools or private schools.
That is the opinion of the local Chicago Times. Hais publication points to
Alsace-Lorraine, where the German Government has excluded the study of the
French language from those public schools which correspond to our elementary
schools. However, we do not agree with the premises on which our opponents
base their argument. TSiat is, we deny that the German language is a foreign
language in America. No law of the country demands that a person who desires
to become a citizen and a taxpayer, forego the privilege of using his mother
tongue. The citizens who are members of the Germem Language Society are
equally as good citizens (frequently, much better) of America, as the members
of the English Language Society.
I A 1 b - 5 - GSRMAH
III B 2
I F 4 Illinois Staats-Zeitung, Mar. 23, 1875.
Ill A
I C Thus the Geirman language is one of the languages of the country, and, ^
as far as the extent of its use is concerned, is second only to the 5
English language. For this reason, and not because it is profitable to know <:^
emother language, the German L€uaguage Society demands that German be taught in r"
our public schools, which are maintained, in part, by the taxes which are paid ^
by German-American citizens. But the enforcement of this demand depends upon o
power. Good will, and the opinion of educated Anglo-Americans may be of some i^
assistance; however, respectful consideration for the strength of German votes S
is the principal thing. If that is lacking, all theoretical arguments will be ^
in vain. /ft^nslator»s note: It was very difficult to translate this article,
because the author uses many self-coined compound words^
GERMAN
I A 1 b
Illinois Staats Zeitimg> Aug» 24, 1874#
REPORT OF THE GERMAN COIiMITTEE OF THS BOARD OF EDUCATION.
To the Board of Education. ^
Gentlemen:
Your coicmittee for the teaching of Gernan wishes to hand you the following report
for the year 187 3*74 .
Last year the committee made two important recommendations, namely that the teach^
ing in German should be org^ized gradually and that a superintendent should be
appointed for German instruction. During the last year the Board of Education
realized the necessity for these recommendations. The office of superintendent of
German instruction was crec^ted, euid Miss Regina Schauer, idio at the Haven school
had revealed rem£urkable teachi^ ability, vas appointed to this position. A
systematic course for the teaching ^^of German has been worked out. It is to be
found in the report of school superintendent Fickar* The committee has strictly
adhered to the rule that candidates for German teaching positions must be as
proficient in English as in German*
The table below will be of interest as it shows that the children of all nationP-litiea
-^2^
Illinois Staats Zeitung, Aug« 24, 1874»
participate at the German clasees^
GERMAN
John C. Richberg
T# J. Bluthardt
John Johnston, Jr*
Schools
Teacher
Students
born
Bom in
Born in
Born in other
in the U,
, S.
Gernany
Scandi-
navian
Count ries
5
coimtries.
Scammon
Emm Smith
382
4
40
Kinzle
M« D. Busse
179
6
'-
6
Franklin
A. E. Achert
246
16
5
6
Washington
A* Spicharx
139
6
16
9
Moseley
P. M* Reed
151
1
"
4
Ogden
M« Smith
164
3
"•
14
Newberry
E. k. Gosan
267
29
—
4
Wells
U. Foster
132
23
6
6
-3-
Illinois Staats Zeitungt Aug. 24, 1874,
GERMAN
Schools
Teacher
Students
born
Born in
Bom
in Scan-
Born in
in
the U.
S.
Gernnny
dinavian
countries
other
eotmtries
Skinner
K* J. Stein-
138
• 1
1
meyer
Haven
R. U. Schauer
136
2
3
4
Cottage
J. von der
Grove
Hoehl
138
3
4
13
Carpenter
E. Hatterisann
129
10
14
11
Lincoln
■
212
"••»
••
6
2413
104
53
124
I' A 1 b
. — ... ..I -• ./. '
^ i'i--^/ rRui, 30:7^
' •. /'^"^
*.7e TDublioh here n. r-:port I'ro:: the school cc" ri Tor the p'\st ye-^r. Durini;; the
3chool ye'^r en'ir::_: Juiv^- Ijc, lb72* 2,3:^^ pu'tiin receivsd ireri-r-.n mscrucwion in ei^;ht
diG'trict schools. At the be innin.; of tlie 3ch ox year, June ::0, loTS, Ceri::!in
instruction ./us con'.in.^ed in -iheiie eiyht schoolc nd v;-\3 -oaken up in t./o ne\7 schools,
the Gcannon m\i\ i»he Skinnor. Iiarn3di::iooly aitor the reconstruction of zhe Fr-^niklin,
Opden cind Ilinsie .3choolc:, uho '\jri:]r>n in3tr.^c vio-i j 3 re^U-.ed -^here. The -:cllo\;d:iP'
table (rurnish^a by uhe x dy te-^C'icrs) cont* ins :^ ia\/ st oj.stic'^1 stHte.neiits
concernin ' the -Oerurin instrucs^ion:
School
3
Nuiribor of
?w3clstsred
Student
.-.ver-ire
School
hu: ber
lorn
1 ""^
<J •
l^ron
rierr^an
Parents.
Lincoln
iTewberry
FriAukliii
218
3, A
393
193
264
343
9 1 O
288
2G6
232
19=^
.; 1 b
School?^
Crrd on
ri.izie
.eiis
Scri:.;:::on
K-.von
- oselv
Cc^tase Grove
Tot-l
liXl.-i
i<-/
}\e;:ist'ired
271
191
3U3
227
239
580
.-i ►:: o
• > - A
• ^ W V''
P:.6
2,721
•
,, ^yov. ^1
..v^rri.
: .^
"orn in
wjchoo
-L
u...<D c;
'< ,: c^
15o
loo
1«2
2J0
226
197
221
259
f.lO
445
•:18
xdD
::i3
214
2il
214
_l45
..-
J,19 _
•
3,009
Xo
73.
WPA ^li.
r^'"" '
^■'^'•^ C^ui:/ *'
Gerran
P^re^it 3,
82
175
6''
lb4
104
14 S
OO
12
l,Da5
.,,,•+
Vl^io t*'bl^ s'':o.;f'5 oh'rt in Llio "ic'^rict sc!;ooig, in v/liiv^h ^'orinr^n ir:::^ruc^ion 13
nor/ '^riven, "^l-j nu:.bcr of pupils ii^.G risen iro:.; ..,3ij9 1.0 ^,724, oi' -.yhoiri 1,5..5 are
1 b
■ 1 T
iiimoiG
J \t
T.S
Oi
::-^r
n dyscenL, ./hilo :.,iv
^<^, '•■.
..j:-uU-;'
i :, I*.!i.' xiS •
V J . • J. J.
±o / J
V
1 ii'iStruCuion ;.^is :i subject oi
i.ioeresi: ^n ev:rv school -inu \.--e uoia^rx
te-ic'iors '^re rasr?on3iox>? ^'or "^he en.rusius:.: '.Tiicn 'cr.e z'^-x^^^^i^^
{'MV'^ ior 'G:xe
r:-.'-.n ^■.'n--^^--'^'^
I A 1 b
li: ill. u'-iN
Illinois .30 ats ZeiuU.i^;^ Auj,. 13, 1873.
/'_ ,,.J^" ...._.,:„ ^P^ (ILL) ^m jG:r,/c
At yesterday's exar.ination for teachers of GerjTian, tliere were only tliree v/oiien
C'lndidates. /^.H three faixed to ]jass "ohe ex'.a.iination.
1 A
IV
1 b
I F 4
Illinois 3ta.a.^z Zel\,unr, July 10, 1673.
TK'i] >.ppoii'm,."^;iT5 TO Tii^ 3::nccL':c;j%D.
\ O, 'o,
The CI:ic'ir"0 Uaion ^tss^^rted in --..n article yesterday, thstt tho Jcrru-ns are entitled
to '^t ie-'St uhree representatives in the scliool board, and, that baft're the school
board conriri.^ the norninaxions of ^Ije r.i.yor, another Crernian candidate besides
JusS'jn -aid Vock-j should be chosen. In'.^re v;ould be 210 objection to that, if the
Unioi had lot overlooked, as it seoi.is to have done, purposely, ohe fact that tho
C-ertfi-.ns h:.7e on the school bO'^?rd, in xr.o person 01 John C. Richberg, a friend and
a representative. If he is confir.i.ed, as it is .0 be iioped, the :lc:^r:xuis \/iil
indeed be satisfied. ICvervcodv knov/s that it due to l/r. Richber:, that xlie
efforts of Go:vt:;in to abolish '}kiVi':2j.n instruction i.ave failed so far. 3esides it
woiila be a disndvji'itage, i^o Jusse and Vocke, if ohey did not find auong olie old
rneiubers one v/ho is ^Cv.uairited v/ioh uhe u^riie.n instruction probler-i, and v;ho knov/s
its friends a.^id enemies on the school bo'^rd. h"o;:, tlr^t the hiavor i.as not reaoT:>ointed
- X
either \.v. Prus.:in;_' nor L.r. hesin-*;, the fii^so, because liis presence oii tlie scliool
board vns undesirable, 'rnd the second for reasons of politic"-".l hatred, it is
imperative^ "&h*-'.t hr. Richberg be reappointeu, because otherwise no one fro::i the
G^r.^nn co::.i:iittee v/oi-ld be rer::ainin:j on the school board. ..e thus hope ^hat the
city council ./ill confirm the re:ippointment oif Iwr. Richberg and keep on the
school board a t'rue friend of the lierinans.
I A 1 b Illinois Staats-Zeltung, June 18, 1873. 255iiM(^l?i
^ERMAN INSTEIUCTION IN TEffi PUBLIC SCilOOls/'
The Genaari instructitm in the public schools, yesterday caused a most unpleasant
debate by tlie school board, I.Ir, Prussing, probably to refute the lack of zeal
he was reproached with, nade a motion to make GerMP.n obli-'atorv for all those
who had started, it, and to appoint a superintendent for '-ferraan instruction, Vx.
Frussing kne\7 that the majority of the school board v/as opposed to such regula-
tions, and on account of that, such a motion only courted disaster. 3y a hairs
breadth the motion of Goggin v/ould have passed, suppressing German instruction
altogether. An adjournment motion made by ir. Richber^, prevented such an
unfortunate outcome of L.r. Trussing' s motion.
I A 1 b GZR:j\N
Illinois Staats Zeitung, June 17, 187 3,
WPA (!LL)PRCJ.3027^
THE G:i]RI.XM i;\'3TRUCTI0N IN TliS
PUoLIC SCHOOLS.
••To the ISditor. In your paper of the 14th of this cionth several fathers of
families from the North Side have expressed their surprise, that the. undersigned
should have voted, •Against the comiiittee report for obligatory German school
instruction'. I would like to ask those fathers to follov; the actions of the
school board a little more closely. It is evident to me, that actually the
majority of the school board is inimical xo German instruction. Private associa-
tion with each of the members is required, before any success can be gained.
It is iiard v/ork to win friends for the new cause^ But the tender resolutions,
the rejection of which cnn be foreseen, does not seem to be justified. By
voting with the majority agpinst the amendment, 1 reserved to myself the right
to submit the rnatter to the voters again v/hen circumstances are more favorable.
For that reason alone I voted ac^ainst the amendment.
Respectfully
Ernst Trussing.'*
I A 1 b
G3R1,UN
Illinois Staats Zeitung, Apr. 30, 1873. y^'p/s ^j^_] pppj ._.,.
THE GERMAN INSTRUCTION IN THE PUBLIC SCHOOLS^
A.t yesterday's rreeting of the '-ioard of Education, Iir« Richberg and Ur. Hesing
handed in the follo\7ing report. To the Board of Education: Last year the Com-
mittee on Geriiian Instruction recommended a change in the teaching of German. On
3ept. 3rd, the cominittee suggested the following changes:
1. That the course should last at least three years.
2. That in order to advance to a higher class, a pupil must
pass an examination in Geriran, as well as in the other subjects.
3. That pupils who once have started a course in German,
must continue it.
These reports were ordered to be printed. But seven months have gone by and
nothing h^s happened as yet. As it is absolutely necessary to introduce some
changes at the beginning of the coming school year, v/e have visited all the
schools where German is taught and have consulted all the Gernnn teachers, ./e
must acknowledge here that the Superintendent has given us plans and outlines
which we have incorporated in this report.
I A 1 b -2- Qli^RMAIJ
Illinoio Staats Zeitun^'-, Adf, 30, 1873.
.f . ^ y^p^ ^jj^l^j PRi:J 302/5
German is studied in this country, especially in the Y/est for practical purposes.
Since Cierman is a living language it should not be taught in the same vray as a
dead language, is taught. Here can be found -the rnain error in the teaching of
all living foreign languages; too much book knov/ledge, and too little practical
acquaintance with the spirit of a language.
Thus arises the question, hov; can the teaching of Gerijoan be nade beneficial?
Actually v/e have no method, no course. Each teacher, uses his own inethod, his
o\7n book. Cincinnati and 5t. Louis have solved this problem by having a sup-
erintendent for the German instruction.
Another question is, if the introduction of German in the sixth and seventh
grades is to be recomiaended? The children are too young to benefit by it and
the work of the teachers is in vain.
Also the study of German should be made obligatory, that is, once a student has
taken up German, he should be obliged to keep it up.
Te further add a few considerations regarding the teaching of German in three
of our cihy schools: Mev/berry school, v/here the population is almost entirely
I A
1 b
-3-
GERI.IAN
Illinois Staats Zeitujfig, Apr. 30, 1873.
WPAfiLUPROJ, 302/5
Gerraan, the Haven school where there are few Germans and the Scarruaon school
where the population is evenly divided.
School
Nevvberrv
Scanuaon
Haven
Nuriber of Gernan
Students Parents
297
525
292
208
175
118
Number of Stu-
Gerrnan
Total Number
Average
dents in first 3
Parents
of pupils
in
Time of
grades learning
the first
3
vJeekly
German.
;^rades•
65
Instruction
18
15
2?
70
23
85
il
104
40
210
\7e thus find here tv;o schools in which teachers are supposed to teach once daily-
three hundred children. In spite of that the results are very satisfactory.
The teacher in the Scainraon school has 525 students, while the IDnglish teacher has
never more than sixty students. In the higher grades, in which there are 175
pupils, they have only ninety minutes of German per week.
^e recommend that German become a four year course, starting v/ith the fourth grade.
I A 1 b -4- C^IDRMAN
Illinois Starts Zeituiig, Apr. 30, 1873*
ftrH ui.L.; rn'.;> .4^'-^
Ist Year: Speaking and \7ritin2.
2nd Year: Pweading and translating*
3rd Year: Further reading and translating.
4th Year: Reading, translating and grammar.
I A 1 to
GEKIAN
Illinois Steats Zeitun<^, March 11, 1873. V\iPft (ILU P?^^^ -^^'^
THE GERMANS AND THE PUBLIC SCHCCLS
Since the question of teaching: Germfjn is coming un soon at the meeting of the
Board of Educat'on, it is well to forestall the accusations of some English
papers such as the Times, ^rhich declares thrt Grerman teaching benefits only a
small Dortion of the children.
According to the Board of Education, 38,035 children attended school last year.
How many of them were children of ^erman parents it is imt ossicle to determine.
About 1,600 of them were "born in G-erman s-neaking countries. There are, accord-
ing to the Board of Educati- n, 14,:^92 children on the North Side in ward 1G,17
and 18. In the North Side Public schocls there is room for only 4^226 children.
Thus over 10,000 Children in three strong German wards would remain without
schooling. Those children now attend -nari^h bxk^ private schools. The Lutherans
Methodists, Catholics, all hr-ve their own schools^ Each child attendir^ these
schools hDs to r>ay f school fee from $8 to $10. A T)roof that most of the
Germans do not benefit from the money they oay for school taxes. '
But the German children pre not the only ones to enjoy the benefits of the
Gerrpan teaching to the report from June 30th, 1871, we find that of 4^553
- 2 -
I A 1 b GERMAJI
Illinois Str-Pts Zoitiinr, March 11, 1873t
^ V^PA (ILL) PROJ. 3027^
pupils who h^ri registered for German, 173 were born in Germany, 245 were born
in other foreign countries, 1,694 were born here of German -narents, 1,406 born
here of American parents Rnd 699 born here of Scandinavian perents. So that
of the 4,553 to- lis r^-gistered for German only 1,867 were children of Germa.n
parents. At the high school out of 130 Students registered for German, only 8
were of German parentage while 105 had American parents*
1
f
I A 1 D — ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ o
} ° Illinois Str.^-ts :^eUung, March 3, 1873* \o}'''''^
THE GEilMAlI LUIGUAGE III TIO PUBLIC SCHOOLS
The Chicago Ti^T.es in its yest^^rday' £ edition mAe OMce rnore a violent attack
agoinst the teaching of the German langiiage in the puclic schools. This is
nothing new. This -np-per ^mich in each of its editions is the organ of the
worst criminc-l element^ which sin^c morr.l songs as "Mephistopheles" in order
to better deceive its readers; which oU':lished f.ll the addresses of gambling
^nd prostitution houses; this hatred is like the one which makes an uneducated
man hate that which he does not knov/. On th*^ entire editorial staff of the
Times there is not one who ujiders trends as much German as a fourteen year old
German college boy understands of English.
The Times declares that it ir not proper to teach a "^oreign Ir-nguage in a
school supported by an American State. The answer to that is; that the ''^erman
language is no forei.^m language but is one of the authorized lanmsges of the
country. And the American State consists of citizens speaking different
languages of which the German lan^niage is one of the mo?st im7;ortant. They are en-
titled tn their German language as much as a Frenchman living in Metz is to the
French lar^:ua.ge, or rather more so, as they hrye not become members of the
American wState t'nrou£:h force. Furthermore Germans do not want their children
- 2 - /■■;<
GERMAN / -ij '^pi
Illinois Staats Zeitung,, March 3, 1873 "^"""^
to learn only G-erman. On the contrary they insist that they should know
English as well as ric children of ^ntcriish r>arents» We refuse to answer all
the insults of the Times • In conclusion we merely wish to state that Germans
coming to this country forswear their Gorman allegiance but not their G^^rman
nationa.lity, customs or lan^ru8-<ge»
I A 1 b
II A 1
GERMAH
Illinois StPAts Zeitung, November 18, 1872.
/GBEOilAN LANGUAGE TEACHERS WANTBDT'
There are five or six vac&ncies in the r^ublic schools for teachers of the
German 1ft n^age. The examination committee holds n meeting, today, at 10
A.M. and will accept apDlicatlons. The prospects for applicsnts are favor-
able as there is £ deartii of G-erman teachers.
I
J A 1 Id
GERlvlAK
Illinois Staats Zeituiii^:, July 16, 1872,
GERiVIAlT INSTRUCTION IN TIi>] PUBLIC SCKOCLS
VVPA(!LL)PROJ. 30275
Instruction in &-3rman is now given in all the schools which were not
hurned and where German instruction was ^iven before the fire. No fewer
than 2^359 pupils in 8 schools are receiving German in^^.truction.
These schools are: Washington School 182; Carpentar 328; 7,ells 298;
IJcseley 282; Cottage Grove 167; Haven 35-; Lincoln ^80; Nev;^h--^rry 352*
Of these ?,359 children, 1,070 are hoys and 1,289 are girls. In the
Ogden, Kinzie, Franklin and La Salle Schools, which are now iinder
construction, German inr-truction will be trken up again.
As a matter of trial, when German instruction was introduced in the
7iashini;i;tcn School one hundred and sixty five students re^i stored for
German instruction in 1865. At the end of the school year in 1370,
Two thousand, five hundred and ninety seven children took part in
Gerinan in?;truction; by the end of the school year in 1871 their number
had rt=,i-ched four thousand, five hundred thirty three.
To Jv.stify the G rrnan instruction, Mr. Karris, Superin+ -.ndent of the
Scho 1 Systeri in Gt. Louis says:-
^
1 1-
Illin^-i£ Staats 2eitun_^> July 16, 18?£^.
wpf. .nL)PROJ.3n?75
"iven on account of national reicon?, --crr.F.n shoulr* te taug-t compulsorily
in the public schools* Assimilation of all nationalities to form an
American nc?.tion is the aim to be reached. Should the -"ernians be ex-
cluded from the public schools, they ^^ouL"* be oblif;ed to open their own
schoclr and this would retard the process of amal£-:amati on»
I A 1 b Illinois Staat8>ZeitUDg> Feb. 7, 1872.
GEBliSMtyfe-
/GERMAN LAHGUAGE TAUGHT IN FREE SCHOOLS AGAI^
The German language is from now on to be again a subject of instruction in
those schools where it was taught before the great fire. Nine women
teachers are to start again their work. The debate that extended over
several sessions of the City Council showed that no member was opposed to
the teaching of German on principle. Thousands of German children now hare
to learn to read and to write German in free schools, or have to remounce
it altogether, because so many community and private schools exist no longer
since the great fire«
Let us hope that the school Board will take these circumstances into account<
I A 1 b
III B 2
I .:
GERMAN
• .
Illinois Staats Zeitun^, Oct. 3, 1671,
/TILi G^m^:^T-.4Lii:<lC.a. SaiiOOL 3YST%/ ' .' pV
If one wants to have good pupils, one first mast have good teachers* This .
fact the gentlemen of the School Board don't seem to have yet understood* ^ -.
They do not say, that in order to have good pupils one must have good women-
teachers, Imt they show through their actions tha>t they are deeply convinced
of the truth of this statement* We surely do not belong to those who would
deny to women the ability of teaching, ^e are even convinced tha,t for schools
for the smallest children (Kleinkinderschulen) a good woman teacher is to he
preferred to a good male teacher* But if one asserts, as the Superintendent
has done, that the women have shown themselves better teachers of the German
language than the men, one must have selected intentionally, or from igno-
rance, the worst men teachers*
In today's session of the School Board, the Committee for the German Language
is scheduled to give its report on the examinations of women- teachers* The
German-American School Society of Chicago is going to present a petition in
which it will be explained at length why men also should be admitted to the
examinations, respect iv-='ly why they should have d' chance to be appointed as
teachers of German*
-'N,
^"
- 2 - GERMAN
; - / ! • «^
Illinois Staats Zeitxing, Octo'ber 3, 1871,
We hope that this time the Committee for German instruction - the Messrs.
Wunsche, Eichberg, and Schintz will fight on the side of reason. Mr. Schintz
who could adduce like no one else, the most convincing proofs for the ap-
pointment of German men-teachers, unfortunately is (as he is said to have
expressed himself) to intensely occupied with his own practical future that
it is quite impossible for him to think of his pedagogical present.
The question of money, with which one counters our argument, should not be con-
sidered, quite aside from the fact that the men-teachers offer to teach for
the same salary as the women. The German language, at present, is being
taught in the public schools almost in the same way as one teaches a dead
language, the poor students are being badgered with vocabulary and spelling,
but of the spirit and the individuality of the language, they hear nothing.
And it is a question if this system could not be changed by the appointment
of some able German men-teachers. We are inclined to answer in the affirma^
tive.
I A 1 b miiiQls Staat3-2eituns, July 21, 1871. G^}W^
III A
^^•^ ^ /Tlirri-CTiSRtiAN iutivisI;^
In its "bitter hatred against everything; Germsn, the Chicago Times once moj^ ^
attacks German instruction in the public schools.
English, the Times says, is the language of the country and only this should
the young be taught, ^e simply deny that English is the languf^ge of the
country. It is one of the languages of the country that is recognized as
official because it is the native langua£:e of a majority of the inhabitants.
And that is allJ For more than a million of American citizens German is the
native language; fot some hundreds of thousands, French; for tens of thousands,
Norwegian or Swedish. All these languages have their good right on the side
of English. The United States are not a part of England. It is true that in
the course of time the numerically weakest nationalities have dissolved into
the by far stronger English, but that does not mean that all other nationali-
ties must follow the same course. The Germans at any rate will not do so.
Their co-nationals have had a great part in the original settlement of the
country; Germans have populated Pennsylvania and the Moha.wk Valley possibly
before the ancestors of Wilbur F. Storey had emigrated from England. If they
were all living together in one state, like the Italians in Switzerland in
the Canton of Tessin, then even the most hidebound Anglo-Celt would not think
of disputing the designation of German as one of the American languages of the
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I A 1 T)
l""c Illinois Staats-Zeltung, Mar. 2, 1871*
I J CBBMAI
^OME BILLS INTRODUCED AT SPRINGFIEI^
Correspondence from Springfield. Senator Woodard Introduced Into the educatlcm
eonmlttee of "both houses a bill proposing that Oeman shall be taught in pdblle
schools only when a majority of the papils demands lt« (This measure would only
affect Chicago, and perhaps Belleyllle and Nascoutah In Southern Illlnafts where
German Instruction has been Introduced. In Chicago the practice exists of Intro-
ducing German on a motion of the parents of I30 children( formerly only 90) t ^^^
after such a motion German Introduction becomes only optional for the pupils. One
of the German members of the Committee strongly opposed Woodard* t motion^ declared
It necessary to latr6duce German Into all the schools and finally moves to leave
the decision about German Instruction to the school principals. Amendment adopted
after long Aleussslon by a 5^^ rote. Question bound to come up again tk the
Legislature.
One of the leaders of the Democratic party in the house, Springer, has intro^*
duced a bill to exclude German from all the free schools. It throws the hatred of
the Democrats against the Germans, the catse of their defeat (in the Civil War). Any
teacher of a free school who teaches any subject that is not authorised shall lose
his aalary. This bill has no chance of being accepted, but is characteristic.
I A 1 b Illinois Staats-Zeltung> Jan. 4, 1871. GBRMAK
Lincoln school needs a teacheT"
Schintz of the Committee for German Instruction proposes at a Board of Educa-
tion meeting to appoint a German teacher for the Lincoln School as the parents
of 230 pupils have asked for instruction in German*
"t3
"T5
O
CO
CD
ro
/
I A 1 1)
JbTOBRMAH
ILLIHOIS STAITS ZEITDHQ, Janoary 2nd, Ig?!.
2l^fiRMAN msmUCTION IN PUBLIC SCHOOI^
Extensive article about German Instruction In public schools* (Mentions aaother
article on the same topic that Included statistical material and was f^cently*
published*)
German teaching personnel consists of about a d osen women teachers* In St«
Louis and Cincinnati number of German teachers three times higher, also ntimber of
children taking German considerably larger* In St« Louis German Is a special study
of the German children* In Chicago the Instruction is calculated to profit both
German and American children. In St. Louis children are taken into a separate
room for German Instruction* Children of Tarious grades are divided into German
classes according to their knowledge of German. The disadvantage of this sjistem
lies In the fact that the German children become separated from their American
fellow pupils, and that the American children do not take German. In Chicago,
the German teachers alternate from grade to grrde, spending half an hour with each
class* One Committee for Instruction in German of the Board if Iducation, wants
German Instruction to be an essential part of the schools*
Page 2*
X A 1 I
5 mA. p
GBHMAir
ILLIHOIS STAiLTS ZBITDHG, Jantiary 2nd, 1871.
Hiss Horch in the Haren School(laba8h near l^t an aristocratic section)
teaches Oenoan to U23 children of which only 30 are German (I5 are 'Irish or Colored")
Hiss Ualwlna 7orster has Einsie School, Ohio and La Salle, 32O children taking
Gemant less than half of whom are Germans. Miss Anna A • Achert, 7ranklin School ,
^Division & Sedgwick Streets, 330; Miss Caroline Mc Tee, Washington School, (Indiana
and Sangamon) 303$ Marie L. W. Mc Clintock, Moseley School, 2Uth Street, 350;
B. M. Ton Horn, Wells School, Eeuhen and Cornelia, ^400; I. U. Alfwl^d, Skinner School,
Jackson and Aberdeen, 210 of which all Inzt I3 are Americans. Olivia M« Olson,
Cottage GroTO, Douglas Place, llS;(none of whom are Germans) Virginia Ton Horn,
Carpenter, 2nd and Center Ayenoe, ^406, (hardly a third German) Amanda Gimbel,
LaSalle Primary, North of North Avenue, U5O; Mathilda Kaon, Scammon, Madison near
Halsted, UOO, among them 100 Irish bogrs and girls.
These statistics show that the idea of the Committee to win the Americans
through their own children for" das Deutsche' (may he translated "The German language")
as the German Cause,') has been proven right* The Committee seems to have thougiht
that in the measure in which the German instruction lost its position of separatei*
ness^m'^N^ measure the resistance against it will cease* Only in one School
(Skinner) one of the teachers is hostile to the German instruction, and his influence
I A 1 1)
knk
SEBMAH
ILLIHOIS STMTS 2BITPH6. Jmuary 2nd, ISJl.
is 80 patent that no less than UO pupils who had hegon gave up fierman*
German instruction in Chicago is not so well organized as in St. Louis« There
one has a German "director** (Superintendent) who stands in the same relationship
to the German teachers as the Inglish ** directors** to the English teachers* Here
in Chicago, the work of the director of the German teachers lies on the hands of
the Committee, and the Messrs* SchintSv Eichherg and Wunsche are husiness men who
cannot he as efficient as an especially appointed German director*
Of the 20,000 pupils in Chicago, Puhlic Schools, 363U take German* A year
ago only 111^ did*
\
&i2*H!i
I A 1 b
Illinois Staats-Zeitung, July 4, 1867.
BO.ARD 0? EDUCATION ^OLOS lUjiTllia/ ^ '' .'
The regular maetiiie* of tha Board ;vas held on Tussday evening. The following
members were present: Avery, Ballantyne, Bond, Bonfield, Brantano, Briggs,
Clark, Dreier, Foster, Guilford, Leavitt, Runyan; Hyder, and Tinicbani* *Ve
shall confine our report to the ninutes on instruction in the German language
Inspector Drsier reported that in 1855 the German language v;as introduced
into the regular curriculum of the .Vashington Jchool. The results were so
gratifying that the Board decided on July 12, 1866 to make instruction in
German a part of the curriculums in the rells, l^'ranklin, Iloseley, and
Newberry schools. One hundred and forty of the high school students took
the German course, und of these only fifteen were of German parentage.
IJany of the pupils o. the upper class do reading, spelling, writing, and
translating, and most of them are making good progress. Those who lose
interest after having received instruction for a specified time are
I
^ ^ ^ ^ - 2 - g^HMAN
Illinois otaats-Zeitung, July 4, 1867.
transferred to the regular course.
In the Lloseley School, -vhich is attendad exclusivel;?- by children of American
parentage, a hundred and tr.irty pupils are studying German und3r Kiss
McClintock, In the i'ranklin School, a hundred and fifty pupils are instructed;^
in German by Miss Achort. In the .Veils School, Hiss Guenther teaches German ^
to a hundred and fifty children. In the Newberr:^ School, Miss Boclme has
a hundred and fifty "German" pupils.
no
The Board decided that instructors in Geiman are to attend the teachers' 2
institutes and shall constitute a special section under the supervision of ^
the high school teachers. The report was adopted. ^
r —
r —
I A 1 b
IV
Illinois Staats-Zeitung, June 22, 186 6 •
G3Rili^ CITIZS^IS ^lEET TO DISCUSS INSTRUCTION
IN GERIiAN IN PUBLIC SCH00I5
Official Report of Secretary
GSRMiJT
-c
On Wednesday evening, June 20, a meeting was held at Mr* £lein*s saloon, ^
comer of Uadison and Jefferson Streets, by Germans who live in the Scammon F
School district. The purpose of this meeting was to discuss the introduction ^
of German-language instruction into the public scnools of the city* The meet- ^
ing was very well attended, and there was evidence of great interest in this
matter which is of vast interest not only to Germans, but also to Americans*
CD
Carl Wippo was elected chairman, and Friedrich Kurz was chosen secretary*
After Mr« Wippo had opened the meeting, Mr* L* Brentano took the floor* He
explained the purpose of the meeting, and pointed out—for the benefit of the
Board of Education— that the legal representatives (parents or guardians) of
150 children living in the Scammon School district had demanded that the German*
language be placed on the curriculum of the Scammon School* A very spirited
CO
I A 1 b - 2 - GSRLiAN
IV "^
Illinois StaatS'^Zeltung, June 22, 186 5 •
discussion ensued, in which Colonel Rollshausen, Captain Schoninger, Mr* Kurz,
and Friedrich Klein took a prominent part* Thereupon the following reso-
lutions were adopted:
**A circular explaining the purpose of the meeting shall be sent to the parents
and guardians of the German children living in the district, requesting that
they inform the superintendent of the Scammon School concerning the number of
children each of them sends to that institution, and that they indicate their
willingness to comply with the request by signing the circular*
^The Committee of Seven which was elected at the meeting shall have the duty
of compiling a list of the names of all parents and guardians of the district,
German as well as American* The members of the Committee are: Friedrich Kurz,
C* K* Wippo, W* Droege, Joseph Buechle, Franz Gross, F* H* Rollshausen, and
F* Klein*
^That the unselfish and faithful endeavors of L* Brentano and H* Felsenthal,
5>
I A 1 b - 3 - GERMAN
IV
Illinois Staats-Zeitungs June 22, 1866.
two members of the Chicago Board of Education, who gave iinstlntlngly of
their time and talent to attain our object, are gratefully acknowledged***
-o
The CoRimlttee agreed upon the following division of worlc: Joseph Buechle will
solicit signatures from parents living in the area between Lake and Fulton
Streets; Mr* Droege will canvass the homes located betv/een Lake and Randolph
Streets; Mr* Kurz, between Randolph and Washington Streets; Mr* Wippo, between
Washington and Madison Streets; i^Ir* Rollshausen, between Madison and Monroe S
Streets; Mr* Gross, between Monroe and Adams Streets; and Mr* Klein, south of ^
Adams Street*
TO
After the Committee had agreed on the above arrangements the chairman adjourned
the meeting \mtil next Wednesday, June 27, vdien all citizens of the afore-
mentioned district are invited to hear the Committee report, and then to take
further steps to accomplish our aim*
Carl Wippo,
Johann Kurz*
I. ATTITOl^ES
A. Sducation
!• Secular
c. Taxation for Public Schools
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I A 1 a
I A 3 Abendpost, Dec. 17, 19'64:.
EXP..::i)ii:^; THi^ school ::.j:Aaji[!i:rT
(^iditcrial)
Dr. Lyman Bryson, professor of pedar^orj'' at the teachers* serainary of Goluiibia
University, recently decl-ired that the education j.nd training of adults will, ^
in the next ten years, becone an es. ential p-.rt of public education. Dr. Bryson
is employed at an institution v;hich has for its task the training of teachers
of both sexes. One nay, therefore, vv'ell assui;ie that he has good infornation
on the point. Ke nay perhaps not knov/ hov; the dev3loprrr3nt nay proceed in the 2
next ten years, but he is undoubtedly fanili <r v;ith the plans of leading per- <-^
sons in the field.
-Ti
-T3
Looking backivard ovor the history of education in this country, one arrives
at the reassuring conclusion that Dr. Bryson is quite correct in his prophecy.
A^nerican education has, in a relatively brief period, developed fro.Ti the most
primitive beginnings to a large-scale under-caking which is assuunin^; colossal
I .^ 1 c - 2 - a3:^L4ii
I A 1 a
I A 3 AbencipOot^ Deo. 17, 19o4.
proportions. The schools of today are by f ..r the riost expensive in the world.
In most countries, the ^^reutest part of the public revenue is 3v;allov;ed by
the "^rmy and navy. Added to this are pajmients of interest on public debts, the
latt'^^r having arisen lar;:oly from v;ar3. In one v;ord, national defense, and
all connected '..ath it, s^.;allo'..3 the r-reatsst part of the national income.
It is not that v;ay in the United Jtat-js. The costs of the army and of the
fleet ure, as conpared v;ith the cost of education, alriost neclici^l^'» i^ven
the anortisaticn of iiiter'est is, conpured to the sur.s spent for training the
youth, quite raodest. Vilien the v;:.r veterans received, in one year, nine hundred
millions from the federal treasury, they proved themselves rather timid as
cor:ipared v;ith the educ .tors of y.^uth. 'Tne costs for schools are not particu-
larly conspicuous, because they are not footed by the federal p;overrLment , but
largely by cities and counties.
In most larger cities of /imerica, the situation is nov/ such that the expendi-
tures for schools are considerably higher than the exrendi tares for all other
CD
I
A
1
c
I
4
A
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3
- 3 - G^]Hi:;iN
Abendpost^ Dec, 17, 19;54.
community purposes conbined* Of course, the schools are doing something and
there are, to be sure, serious-minded educ:;tors who adhere to the point of i
vievj that the system, as a v;hole, is a total failure, that it brings up the ^
youth systematically to materialir.ri and to superficiality, and that the grave p
evils from v;hich .jnerican life suffers are attributable to faulty education C
received in the schools. It is rrimurily the enormous overcrov/ding of tiie ^
teaching progr:ai, v;ith all possible and impossible curricula, which is the 2
main cause of the superficiality of our f?chool chilaren. This is exactly v/hat ""^
the school politicians have sour/ht for decades* By conducting this fight to
its desired end, they finally succeeded in making school adraini strut ion exceed-
ingly expensive •
This fight v;as skillfully conducted by the National li^ducational dissociation, and
the -entlemen from the t:achers* seminary of Columbia University rendered valu-
able service in this coniiection. Professor Bryson knovrs, therefore, v;hat he
is talking about when ho ann.'unces a furtuo-r expansion of the edi^cational program
on a colossal scale* It seem.s that the brave educators have arrived at the
1 c - 4 - asmiiS
I A 1 a
I A 3 Abendpost, Dec* 17, 1954.
opinion that they no longer can increase the cost of children* s education.
That is why they chose adults for their victiHiS. This danger must not be
underestimated, because everything is possible with Grod and the National
Sducaticnal Association.
C2)
r .3
ro
I A 1 c
I F 6
I H Abdj-dposi/, i^eb. o, 1934.
SCHOOL POLITIC IAi:b AT .7CRK
(Edioorial)
GSHiMT
rn\
:-o
The National Education Association is an organization composed of school poli-
ticians. Its avowed objective is to obt^uin the greatest possible appropriation
for school purposeo. It has litolo interest in the disposition of the i.ioney.
The Association ta:.es the viev/point ohat the i.ioney must iirsi/ be appropriated; ^
and that v/lion that has been done a suitable use /'/ill soon be found for it. The a?i
February issue of the official organ of this Association teixs of a v;idespread
agitation I'or the purpose of elicitin,-^ noney from the rederal Treasury.
It must be admitted that these school politicians knov; ho?/ to propagandize and
to influence Congress, and they are evidently determined to educate the teachers
under their influence, in this remunerative act. In the aforementioned issue of
their magazine v/e find the follov;ing instructions:
1) 'vVrite imjiiediately to your congressional representative and to the
I X 1 0 - 2 - GSRr/AI^
I ? 6
I H Abendpost, i'eb. .:,
President of the United States and urgenoly request them to support our
public schools.
-a
2) Co-operate with whe advisors oi' the General Committee for the Support
of Schools, and v;ith other friends of the school in your state, to in- '^
fluence public opinion on ^ehalf of appropriating: money for our schools C
from the ieder^il treasury. ^
3) Request organizations to ;;hich you belong ;, or in which you hold posi- co
tions on executive coiiuaiooees to deiiand tjiaL the members of Gon,-ress and ^
of tne Executive Departmen-o appropriate money for our schools from the
liationai Treasury,
4) Report what you have done, or v/hat you intend to do, zo zho Chairman
of the General Committee for the Jup^^ort of Schools.
5) Act iroiiiediately — tcdayl fhe ajicunt of success depends upon how soon
cx>
I A 1 C - 3 - GERTIAIT
I F 6
I H Abendpost, leb. 5, 1934.
and how enercaticaliy the ov^uaized teachers of our country act to attain
trie desired coal.
-T3
One can easily imagine vviiat an efrect such propa{.:anda will have in .ashinfrton.
The leaders of the GoverrL;.ent r.iust gain the iiarressic.n that the enoire country }^
is nakin^ strong: demands for appropriations for school pui'poses. Of course that '^
impression v/ould be inaccurate, lor an overwvnelr:;i:i£^ majority of our people, es- ^
peciall.; the ::iuch-pla{sued taxpayers, are ar{:in5; {-reater econoriy in t.ie operation
of schools and a decredso in ^xpeiiaituies for educational jjurposes, ./hat will
sound in .^ashincton like the powerful voice of tiie people will be nothing but
the Gystemaoic and organized a^'itation of schoox politicians.
l.'ov/, what do tnese people really .;antv fhey lA/ant the federal 'oroverriment to
appropriate money to p^iy teachers .vno worx: in corjr.unitiss v/hich are not able
to pay their teaciiers pro::ipt±v, or ;;hich aro rorced zo reduce expindioures for
educational purpooes. ^art of the money is uo be used to prevent the responsible
authorioiC:-: from carrying: out sensible and necessary economic UGasurec, and part
c
CD
XX
1 c
I r 6
I H
- 4 -
Abenuj.)OGt, reo, o, 19 34,
C3I<T'AI1
or it is to be used to help out- of tlieir lileimaa politicians v/iio are in financial
difficult ie^. because of their aisnonesuy, extravagance, or inco::i];ciuej ce.
n:;-
In ctiier v;ords, this organization Jith t:^e nice lonr; name is tryin-; to create a i^
v/idespre-\a and intense ai~:itaOion ./iLh one vie;; or c^usin^- the I'ederal Govern- G
laOnt to pay a preniui.. on i-ra-'t, inco*:.petence, ana cxtj.-:.v:af:ance. Let us liope that T^.
zhe teaC'.ers nave oco Liucn self-respect to hel]' ];rc:".cte such a fraud. 2
• — J
I A
2
III
C
I C
I A 1 c " -^-^"^
Illinois 3t-^p.ts Zeituuf^, "lov. 2, 1892,
Divnria tks schccl 7u:og.
Republic'^n Tid "Knov/-''otliinf;:" newspapers accused the Luther-.-ns as well as the
C'^^tholic?, in fornier years, of striving to get a share of the public school
fund for their parochial schools*
This reproach has practically ceasel, as far r s the Lutherans are concerned,
birt con*''.?. 1 les a.'^ainst the Catholics. It is re[^rettable th-\t, once in a
v/hile, a fana.tic';l Catholic v/ill irjake sone irresponsible rei.iarks, which will
occasi n such f^ossip. However, sin;^:le ''.nd stupid fanatics are not the author-
ized reoresentatives of the Catholic citizens of this country, A hi'-hlv es-
teemed bishoD, res-ooctod bv non-Catholics for his brilliant rrdnd and his tol-
erant attitude, undoubtedly ha.s the ri<;^ht to speak for his fellow-believers.
Recently the republican politician, Hardin^^, accused the Catholic bishops of
Illinois of wanting: a iriajority in the State Lef?;isla.ture in order to divide the
public school fund.
lishop Snauldin^*- replie^l in one of the local newspapers:
'•The Catholic bishops of Illinois are not ignorant blockheads. They know very
■•>.
Illinois St-ats Zeitunc, Ho-. 2, 1SQ2. vo/'-'-^'-.j;
Y/ell thiit the 3t;'te Lor"islature lias no power uo divide the public school
fund; birfc they are hoping thr.t a sufficient nuvber of honest and unbiased men
^vill be elected to the St'^^te Le:;;islature, to have the unjust and hated Edv/ard
La\; repe'-'.led^ This is v;hrt v/e -'re aiining at, and not at the dividing of the
public school fund,
'*Lir. rKriin:: n:ed :iot v/orry about the financial burden, which the Catholics
bear, due to ohe i^aintenance of our parochial schools. In reality our present
arrangement is ler.*r^ expensive, th^\n sendin-^ our children to >:'Ublic schools.
The taxes \/ould have to be greatly increased ^f or all citizens, and, therefore,
for us '^Iso, if we sent our children to public schools. The increase of ex-
penditures \70uld correspond '.vith the irjcrease in scholars.**
I A 1 c gSmiAN
I A 2 a
III C Illinois Staats-Zeitung, June 19, 1875.
I C
GEPi'Ji:T-A!r^HICAN CATHOLICS
(Editorial)
The Catholic Xahrhe i t sf reund , C^riend cf ^"ao Truth), of Cincinnati, once
expressed its objection to the agitation carried on ty Catholic fanatics;
at least that paper definitely conderrjied the requests of those apostles who
demanded certain divisions of the school fund. And the paper reiterates its
opinion now, although lately Archbishop Purcell of Cincinnati, in his organ,
the Catholic Telegraph, has "been renewing the demands for school foinds with
determined insistence, invoking the authority of the Sylle.hus. translator's
note: Syllatus; A document issued ty Pope Pius IX, December 8, 1864, con-
demning eighty current doctrines of the age as heresies^
/Translator'?' note: The omitted paragr??r)hs consist of an excerpt taken from
the 7!!ahrhelt sf reund, and comments thereon^
L I A 1 c - 2 - G5RMAN
I A 2 a
III C Illinois Staats-Zeitoing, June 19, 1875.
^ I C
Nevertheless the conduct of the Y/ahrhe i t s f reund ; its opposition to
Catholic agitators and disturters, deserves recognition. The paper oindouhtedly
acts in conformance with the attitude of the tremendous majority of German
Catholics in the United States, at leasts sui*ely, in accordance with ti^at of
practically all Germaji Catholics in Chicago, and everj^-one who is f^t all fami-
liar with conditions here will concede that the Chicago German Catholics are,
completely tolerant and loyal to the country of their adoption.
Any attempt to undermine the interdenominational peace among local Germans
would prove farcical. And the new generation of German Catholic is fully
steeped in the true, American form of tolerance; the alDSolute eqiiality of all
religious denominations.
I. AOTITUDES
A. Education
1. Secular
d* Special Endowments
I A 1 d
III g 2 OERMAN
II A 1
Abendpost, April 18, 1908
GEBMAK-AMEBICAN NATICKAL UNION
The "branch "Chicago'' of the German-American National Union, has offered a prize
of $200 to young men who are preparing for the teaching profession, to enable
them to visit the German-American National Teachers Seminary in Milwaukee*
The conditions are:
The applicants obligate themselves to attend for two years the Normal course
of the Seminary, To the competitive examinations will be admitted those who
went through a four year high school course successfully, or can show a
preparatory education of equal value* Those who received their preparatory
education in Germany, must show that their education is equal to the one
obtained in a Gymnasium, Real Gymnasium or a Real school. A written examination
must biB made in the following subjects:
German composition (the applicant has the choice of three themes* English
composition (choice of three themes* Translation from English into German*
-2-
Abendpost. April 18, 1908
GEBMAK \?^
i?A
O'
German Grammar. For selection: The History of the Greeks and Romans (in German)
or, the History of the United States (in English).
The written exercises begin Sunday, May 16th, from 1 to 5 P;M in the office of
the Chicago Branch, No. 912 Schiller Building. The examination lessons are
made up and are subject to the revision of the Committee, consisting of
Professors Dr. Paul 0. Kern and Dr. A. von Noe of the University of Chicago,
two Seminary teachers and the Seminary director. The award of the scholar-
ship will be given on the gro\inds of a report by the executive committee of
the branch union. Applications are to be made to:
Paul Haerting, Secretary,
912 Schiller Building, Chicago.
I .n 1 d
Illinois' Stunts - Zeitun: June 21, I892.
GER!.IAN
III A
i'o thu editor of the Illinois '^jtuuts » r^eitunc;:
The rej.ders of your pui:er ure well av/ure ol the fact that the beginning has
been ni^ue oi' v;L-.t promises to be, eventually, one of the best universities,
on© oi the outstundin;; institutions of learning. V/ho can tell? Perhaps in
fifty years it v/ill equul the jnost famous universitios of Europ^^. And who
deserves the credit for Ihis beginning?.. • •
rire there no', sor.e among the Ger?uan millionaires, v/ho feel prompted to follov/-
the s^lundia exai/.plu of I.:. Field, Cobb, Ryerson, and others? We have among
the Chicago citizenry a number oi^ Germans, \idio are blessed with abundance of
earthly possessions. »/e also know that these men are noble and generous and
thut they fully understand the requisites foi- the coiiinon good. They are aware
of their duties to\;arus intellectual culture and progress in particular. Our
wealthy Gerca.iS should noL deny themselves the privilege of furnishing factual
evidence of their bein^ nii^ricuniLea in the deeper and finer sense of the v/ord,
by laukin:'; generous contributions; inasixiuch as this institution is being esta-
blished for the general joliurc ^i oui- citizens.
Respectfully
.^^^
"I
REGaVDIIIG T::1£ UlIIVLRSITY CF CHlCiGO '\-- '^'\^J
^-^^
J 1. ATTITUDES
A* Education
2. Parochial
a. Elementary, Higher (High
School and College)
/'
*^ .
i '■
I .-; 2 a aEH!.'L4N
II B 2 a
III C Abendpost^ Apr. 13, 1930.
IV
thj] ix:.c-:uh3T college of t^KvUiurst Illinois
Among the educational institutions founded by Germans in the Middle ?7est, the
Elrahurst College, the College of the J]vangelical S^mod of North America, en-
joys an excellent reputation, especially in the circles of those Gennan-
Americans to v;hom the preservation of German culture is important and neccessary.
The 31mhurst College has therefore alv/ays emphasized strongly this cohesion
with the educational achievements of Germany and has placed its German depart-
ment, as well as its unusually voluiainous library, at the service of this
spiritual work.
The beginning of the institution reaches ler back to the 19th century; its
history is most closely and intiraately connected with the external and inner
development of the German Evangelical Synod of North America.
But beyond that, mLmhurst College is a beautiful and vivid expression of the
educational will of a group of German-Americans, v^ho have considered it their
V rsr .r \ ..••,»
- 2 - GSRM.\N
Abendpost , Apr. 15, 1930.
duty to co-operate actively in the cultural development of their adopted
country.
This institution v.-as founded in 1871. The beginning of "^Imhurst coincides,
therefore, v:ith the incorporation and union of the two ^vanr^elical Synods
of the Northwest and V/est, which made the future grovrbh and expansion of the
German-Evangelical Church synods of North America possible. '7ith it, simpli-
fication and concentration were introduced both of which sjTibolized that the
Theological semineiries of the tv;o groups (Pro Seminaiy Evansville and Melan^h-
thon Seminary) in Slmhurst, which thus far had been divided and were independent
of each other, nov; were welded to.iether and brought under a united leadership.
Pastor J. Hartmann, of the St. Paul Church of Chica-^ro, and Thomas Boyan, material
promoter and benefactor of Slmhurst, belong to the first advocates of the
Seminary in the annals of jllmhurst. Outr,rov/n h:<' the needs of German Evangelical
immigrants, and the desire for higher religious and cultural education, Elrahurst
College, naturally, had to solve at th3 beginning tho problem of preparing
- 3 - GERMAN
Abendpost ^ Apr, lo, 1930.
pastors and teachers for the r>angelical S^mod,
However, at an earlier time, the wish was expressed to expand this Theological
Pro-seminary to a College of Liberal Arts, to crejite for the entire (even for
the non-theological) German-evan^^elical youth of America an educational center*
iClmhurst, one of the most beautifiil and quietest surburbs of Chicago, only
nineteen miles from the Loop, is able to offer its students two things, namely;
the composure and peace of a small tovm and easy access to the educational
facilities of the great I'etrooolis of the Middle 'Jest, v;ith all its research
institutions, libraries, galleries, and museums.
The Elmhurst College, as its lecture index shovxs, offers educational coiirses
in all important cultural branches: Biblical literature, Biology, Chemistry,
♦ 6
oi7»^
i
It' '
»
> i . , • r -»
- 4 - aiiHI.IAlI
Abend^ost, Ar>r. 13, 1930,
rfto
Economy, History, English, French, Geriaan, Oreek, etc., proving there;v-ith
that its educational plan meets the standard of modern . necessities and
keeps step v/ith the spirit of our tine.
Through tradition and origin, as an abode of German-American youth, Elmhurst
College believes itself firmly obliged to and qualified for the preservation
of cultural connections between the old homeland, the land of Luther and Goethe,
and the newly adapted country, the land of 3merson and Lincoln. The name that
must be mentioned in this connection as the first, is that of Professor K.
Brodt. For thirty five years (1883-1918) he led the German department in
this spirit. Among the other teachers of the German department, the folloiving
should be mentioned: Prof. C.F. Bauer, Prof. H.3. Hansen, Dr. 2. 17. Avon
(University of Illinois), Dr. F.v;. Kaufmann (Smith College), Dr. Jolf (Univarsity
of Pittsburgh), and Dr. Mohr (University of Virginia). In spite of the changed
conditions of the post-war period, the German department is, even today, the
largest department as far as the nuiaber of students is concerned. At present
V * - ■"
V^-£ '^
- 5 - GZIULII^
Abendpost . Apr, 13, 1930,
this deDartinent is reprosented by the follov;in£^ professors; C.3-. Stanger,
H.L. Breitenbach and Gr.'I. Blenk.
Llany German-:\inericans of th-^ second and third generations have bean helped by
mnihurst College to find the connection v;ith the psychical and spiritual
heritage of th"^ land of tlieir forefathers. It has educated hundreds of
German-American pastors and teachers for their future profession in the snirit
of a German and Christian idealism. That leading irien of the German-American
elem-int refer to the institution as the abode of their youth, 21:nliurst College
with joy and pride; gratefully, it counts as its o\vn, prominent men like
A.C. Luedsr, Chicago's postmaster, Dr. Reinhold Niebuhr (Union TJieological
Seminary), Dr. lil.H. Kohmann, Dr. R. Schlueter (Chicago), and many others.
Still young in spite of its long past, the College is penetrated by a vivid
will for the present time and always prepared to carry out wholesome innovations
- 6 - cnm'M
Abendpost. Apr. 16, 1930,
The College enters 19^1 after sixty yaars of e>:istence and beranning v;ith
this year, for the first time in its history, it will enroll female students.
Having proved the nece 3ity of its work in the past 59 years, and being willing
to continue it in the future, 31mhurst College believes that it can count
upon the active and energetic support of the Grermans of Chicago and the State
of Illinois.
I
I
.vbendpost, cct. ::6, 191^-.
(::!]ditorir.l)
In one of our ^reat daily parers a reader asks that a lav/ be enactea re'iuirinc
children to attend the public schools up to their fourteenth year. lie claims
that this alone would c^arantee the coirplete .iiiericanization of our youth*
V/e consider the above an attack on our parochial or church schools. These
attacks are nuthinc nev; except that at -oresent the indirect charge is nade
that church schools are an obstacle to complete .juericanization; that they are
not patriotic enough. ,, oreover, since it is chiefly the Catholic and Lutheran
churches v/hich naintain schools of their own, it is arainst these especially
that the intolerant v/orld refoi^riers are crusading.
V/e have a reriort v/ritton in 191^ v/iich shov;s thLLt the Catholic Church alone
naintains 5, 440: eler.ientary schools, attended by 1,456, r;06 pupils. If v/e add
• 4
Lr^j ., ii.. ^ U .
/tbendy^OGt ^ Let, 2j, lOlo.
the nunber of c^.iidren C;tuendin{: t^e Lutlieran and other parocliial schools,
v/e v/ili have nearly three r.illion children ;:ho are leinc tauchit in the church
schools • Since the churcries and their ::.eMbers L.aintain these schools out of
their ovm incorie, one can estimate hov; iiuch the citizens v;ho do not belong to
these churches are saving •
.ibout seventy-three -per cent of our school childrin attend public schools,
the r.aintenance of v/hich requires an ex;':)or'diture of hcO; i.illion dollars;
most of the reriaininy t-.7enty-sever ^>er cent -iz^e taU'^;-ht in tho parochial schools.
These figures prove tliat a lav/ v/hich prcvidos for rublic scliools only, v.'ould
ent-iil an idded burden of tv:ontv-seven ^.er cent for t:ie educ:.tionr;l svster of
our countr'": it v;ould eixVitv the chvrcn :-:chools and iianv now school buildini~*3
would have to be erected.
7o use the school buildinrs of tho church corj.iunities for /^ublic schools v/ould
x
A> .vA
'J o>
A. - i. f-» «1
os.^':i:
I ■■■■■«■ ■ . m ■•' '
bD an ericro'-iCiii'Lont on bho proport--' and reli.:*iou3 ririits of tiiosc cliurcli
coi.niiuiiti'jG oven if coupon. >ation v/ere p^aid, since Preoao;. or reli^-^ion ±3
Ganctioned b^^ t;io 'Jon:;titutio:;.
.^ for tneir od.ontio^^l v,;l>-.o, th3 racl has Ion;; boon ontj.blisliod tliat
pL.roc:-ij.l sc-iOol3 riai'it'.in tUo o t::i3 stundurd of iustr- cbion that is round
in the oublic ocuoolo. Tho a>l..ittunco o^.* •..roc'iial jc:iOOi 'Tuduates Lo the
hi^^j:or institutions oJ l3-.rniar: i^ furinior conj'ir.:iation ox' tiiic 3tato:i3nt,
B'.t i:n order to bo absolutolj ii.ipartial, i/o -.lUst a-riit taat it ..ould be de-
ivirablo, in a lov; caaaa, ii* .-Inflian inatruction y'layod a lar::or p:<rt in Liio
Gurricul..a, 1\: lot ho otlior roaaoa than to ta'ca v::o \;ind out or tao auiia of
thoao \Lio aro attackin,-^ Laooo acjioola.
To atto-pt to defend tae patriotic attitude of uhoao ;:ci00l3 would bo an in-
sult; to the toucaina poraon:;:ol of tdoao inatit^tiona. ..e aaould liJa:. to
(pjote here, ho-^/evoa, v;hat cUiObdor rjador of th^ aa...o p:.aa;r aays in reply bo
tlieae i^itolarcmt abt:^c":a:
V. C- /
%.-■
^' -r
I ^ 2 a - 4 - OiTAi:
xvbeiidpost, Oct, 26, 191B.
"About thirty-five psr cent of our anried forces received tlieir education in
parocliial scLools. Jii^'ht hundred -md tv.'enty youm; iien of the church parish
in which I live are doin • tlieir patriotic dut ' at the froat and in training
ca;aps, and eU^it hundre.i of uiese got their eleir.entary schooling in parochial
schools.**
I A 2 a
I A 2 b Illinois Staats-Zeitung, Jxine 14, 1914
THE LUTHERAN CHURCH ^r
CHRISTUS CCNGREGA'TIOK (PASTOR E. '/EKFELMANi:)
GEH:.!AN
It is a rleasant fact, that congregations and teachers are "busy educa.ting
their pupils in the elementary "branches as much as possit'le, notwithstanding
they are already taught tr;o foreign Isnguages, so tha.t the TDupils are capable
of meeting the claims made "by the Public School Borrd of Chicago? The Christus
School and their chief teacher, Ottomar Kolh, had the reputation already of a
model school and intended to Join the accreditea scnools of Chicago. They
asked for an earination and the eighth grade was examined "by two church
superintendents. The result war. comniinic^.tea to Mr. 0. Kolb after a few days,
accepting the School in the list of accredited schools of Chicago. This
gives the graduated pupils the right to enter the High Schools after graduation
witnout furtner -rxaminaTiion.
Tne Lutheran schools are always "busy pushin^* ahead, trying to give their pupils
a real Christian education. Many Lutheran schools in Chicago could he put on
the accredited lists if they hac tne couravge to a'^ply for an examination. Such
recognitions by the school board can only "Hbe to the advantage of the general
school system.
t
4
I A 2 a GEFJMAN
I A ? c
Abendpost > Oct. 11, 1907*
IBTHEKAN COtlERCIAL HI(3I SCHOOL
The Lutherans of Chicago intend to erect a large Commercial High School and
expect to collect for this pxirpose $50,000 within a short time* Under the «
leadership of the Concordia League, $12,000 has already been raised. The ^
course at the Commercial High School will follow immediately the course of ^^
the Elementary School. Just at this age a large number of Lutheran children p-
become estranged from their church and to keep them in steady touch with their !^
church is the main purpose of the institution that will, besides the subjects ^
of a Commercial High School, also take up Religion in its course of instruc-
tion» The new school shall be opened in the business district and shall be
large enough to give admittance to several huadred young people of both ^
sexes.
The Concordia League which fosters the plan consists of representatives of
every Lutheran parish in Chicago. It has nominated a Committee to devise
plans for the entei^rise and it received offers for financial aid from many
U3
I
\
»
I
- 2 - GERMAN
Abendpost, Oct. 11, 1907*
other churches. The plan is iinique as most of the institutions that are
supported by religious societies prepare their pupils only for intellectual
professions. Later on it is expected that a manual labor institution will be
added.
As soon as the necessa3ry 150,000 are signed up, a meeting of representatives
of the Lutheran clergy and laymen will be called to execute the plan of the
chief sponsors of ^ich are Alderman Albert W. Beilfuss, Julius H. Geweke,
and Robert Schoenfeld.
c
I A 2 a
I A 2 1)
GERMAN
AbendTDOSt, Chicago, SeDtemlDer 15, 1907«
A KEW CONVENT SCHOOL
As previously reDorted the Benedict Sisters have opened a new school in
Rogers Park, U075 Ridge Avenue, naming it "St. Scholastica Academy" , chich ^
has already found many pupils. Especially worthy of notice is the fact g
that the sisters, who are also the teachers, lay sruch stress on teaching
German* During this instruction the teaching is being given in German
exclusively.
The S8Jne is done with the Trench language. Other classes are conducted in
English. Besides general subjects the curriculum also includes the teaching
of all kinds of women' s handicrafts from plain sewing to the finest art
eml)roidery« This circumstance esDeciaTly should carry much weight with the
German parents; "besides a complete commercial course is taught. Notwith-
standing that the Institute may be reached from down-town for a five cent
fare it offers boarding school scholars the advantages of a country home,
as the neighborhood is sparsely settled and the air is most excellent.
I A 2 a
A'bendT)Ost. December 11, 1905*
SCHOOLHOaSE DEDICATION
Gl^RiOK
In the presence of more than 3000 persons the T)reclou8 new schoolhouse of
the Evangelical Lutheran Congregation, St. Lucas, Belmont Avenue and Perry F
Stref='t, w?.s dedicated. A divine festival service T)receded the dedication,
which was performed by the Priest of the P?rish, Pastor J. E. A. Mueller.
Prof* Theo. Brohm of the Teachers Seminary at Addison gave the sermon.
"'J
I A 2 a GEHIvlAJT
I A 2 d ~
III C Illinois Staats - Zeitupg, l^^ 10, 1893.
A LUTEERAIT CCLLSGS
The Lutheran Synod held a mepting yesterday regarding the erection of
a college.
A Mr. J. P. Badem promised a donation of $50,000 providing the institute
he called St. Johm' s Lutheran College; $30,000 to he used for the huilding ^^
and furnishings, and $10,000 for annual maintenance. ^
r—
1^*
I A E a
V
Illinois Stuats - Zeitunr. Aug* 27f 1892, v>
. .-J I.I .. , ^ .
I Al a
I Al c
I A 2 c
TV
ALTG£.LD*b I^bTLRFUL INTERPRLTnTION OF TEE
PiiKOCLL.L .SCiicOL QUL^STION
rtltreld has expressed his seriti...ent^ uluut ILut torrid election question which
now holds swav in Illin-ois. i:is r6i.....r;:L ^\. Vi.^ time of his nomination and
subs3quei/b speeches have no.v beoi stiu^iiried --- v/eil as perfected "by the addition
of necessury detuil* ./e quote, withoao oiaisi^ioni and have conscientiously
translated it into C}er::an. In its direct, compelling logic and understandable ^
progressiva attituae, it rar.rusents u veritable arsenal of efficient weapons with
v/hich tiie '♦Knov/-noth.in5is;ii'' and tlie Republican Fiferisrn can be cornbatted.
"Like thcj Deinocrttts, I ttia in fuvor oT coir.pulsory school attendance^ Likewise, I
desirt! thut every child shall have u certain, definite education and that schooling
shall be at state expense, if it is not otherwise provided for.
The public schools oi the state shall be under state supervision, and no sectarian
religious beliefs shall be taught there, so that no particular creeds inay be implante
into the easily susce^.tiblu minds of school children.
The state-schools have been created, to take care of all those children, whose
- p -
GER] ^IJ
Illinois Stauts - Zeitun^- Aug. 27, I892.
parei/cij or guurdianc rerrnin fror: sending them to privute schools
\
i
Tlicro v/ut; a o«rioa durin- tl.o history oi* tha world, when no coniiiion oublie schools
existed. "»/noevor \/:ui uud to iuurn sor.ething hud to hire an individual teacher or
pay i'or it, ir. an oxciusive school. But in tiie course of time, the well directed,
•iHiplv state finunciul public schools, particularly the elementary and gramniar
cl^i^.ses, Luvu sui^^lunttja the; ^^rivute institutions*
But the parochiul school, with its church coniection, survived, •/hen such a
school .vus founded, thw church provided worldly and relir;ious instruction, both
froa the saL.a instructor. The parochial schools of the various denominations are
a part of their respective churches, just us the Sunday School is a division of
thu iiin^^lis^.-ziuiorican Protestant church. V/e have no right to interfere. The
principlu on which our public school system has been built, does not contain any
paragraph, v/hici: -authorizes the state to compel peoplu to accept this systemt if
they GO not aesiro it and are providing instruction for their children elsev/here.
The public sciiool is here to cope with the problem of insufficient schools, but
not to abolish oarent-^l control •j.iA choice in regard to their offspring's education.
Lik.. the Democrats, as aforesaid, I urn for compulsory school attendance. It cannot
be tolerated that a psrson shall ^row up in ignorance but the state has no right
- 3 - GIaIv^iN
v/h..tev6r to L.eadle witri p .rents v/Lo obtain un educutlon for their progeny^
The j-jtute r.l .11 rof^ard the ourriculurn of u ptirochiu.1 school as sufficient and
lei^al, even if it iiaii r.o supervision over such institutions • The state is no
less concerned in tiie child's welfare th^an the ;.!urents«
In educ-.tion'^i .'.iutt-u.rs, us in other 'dffair.s which affect children, parents may
err occusionully , but ti.eir iiitentions xre good# No one endov/ed with intelligence
v/ill therefore inrist, ^}.ut the stute has h right to prescribe to parents the
methods they shull use to ruise their children or to iiiaintain discipline.
Supervision over purochial schools is no^ u stute right, because the st^te does
not contribute unytliin^ towards theiii. Ovil^ if soiaething occurs there which cofnes
in conflict with the cri.ainul lu-js i^iuy ti.e st^s^e intervene. If it becomes evident
thut. such schools tench subjtjcts v/i.ich ur-o uetrii.entul to the state and the comrnon-
v/eai, or thut the scholars urtj M-illre^ted , then the stute v/ould have the right to
take steps in oraer to abolish such oonuitions, but only then. Even the most
invtiterute enwiaies of the purochiai schools have never brought sucn accusations.
They ud^dt th^t- fro.'i un educuticnal stand poir:t they ure good.
- 4 -<•
Gli^LlAN
Illinois St^uti: - Zeltuna; Aug. 27» IS92.
The ot^te does not h';tve Ihe ri^^ht to ii*s^>oct ^urochial schools in order to ascertain
if ev^rytliin^ proceois pro.:erly« Biis^d ou iLt; sun.e right or rather illegalityi
it M-'-.uld be possible i'o'r ti:e st.^oa *:o outer the bunctity of the home, just to be
a:>GurGd th-it no v/ron^ is co .:..iT.ted t};;^rciir« Tl.e stute must act on the presumption
thut v/i.eru no coi..2:)l'^int; hus be^en iiade nc misder.eur.or exists. Parochial schools
inU^^t not uu ins^.uctod by the .st.te v/hen there is no ovidenco of some infraction,
li* soHio unlu\/fal uct hus been perpetrated in such u school, ana someone knows about
it, then L'^ ynculd r^i^^ibtor lAr, coir.i.lu int . The sixuio is true in regard to /naltreat-
lii^iit oi" .'.linorr. by their pc.rorits or •';uurdians. If certain people, ni^f'^ly church
ucihorentL , ta:^ r'>--^ourso to the purociiial, instead of state school*^, then -^hey save
rnoney lor t^ c; state. Let us consider tnis casei the state deliberately drags
chilarcii: v'iiO do not bulon^ to u certuin congr^^gation into a privuce school and
der:iiinas they siiould be tutorea in a certain nanner, in short, treats them as if
ti.ey wera in a ^mblic school. Thureby the state v/ould become a partner of a
parochial school. Bat, If the state goes to such extrerr.es, then the parochial
school which htK3 never asi:ed for a state subvention, would have the right to demand
financial assistance, at least to defray the cost of instruction in those branches
over v;hich the state exacted control.
Sacr. payr.ivjn'Ls jould not be permissable, since the constitution prohibits recognition
J
GERi.iaN
x
Illinois Staats - Zeituiy; «u-. 27f 1892*
of Jiny ciiuroh in stute affairs •
If the state of Illinois-- would 'nvestij-aie t:.© pstrochial schools and ther
f^isten the proclaiwution onto the port-^is: "Inspected by the State of Illinois
anu Jiccepted us a school" ^.hen the state v/ould recognize the power that lurks
behind the .scliuol, nriiuely, the church. Inspection of a parochial school by
tiie state is u ^.-rolijainary step tov/ards recognition of the church by the state.
If the state v/ei'u to p^^ hiorit^y towards the iviaintainance of such u school, then
our courts v/ould declare it as unconstitutional. But| as I have shown, it is
contrary to ^hu spirit 01: the constitution to inspect any church- schools.
In this parochial school (question, we hear rauch about the teaching of foreign
languages. In the e-tire state of Illinois, there is not a single such school,
where English, is not tein^; taught; all children there obtain an English e^iucation.
The gibLerish, that the parochial schools might bring the English language into
oblivion, is silly, and no one considers or believes it seriously. For these
very reasons it is entirely uncalled for, that a definite, compulsory, language
teaching pro^ra..; snould be oniorced ur^ong i^rochial schools.
- 6 . GIiiRI^N
«
Illinois Stuuts - Zeltun.^ Aug, 2?, 1892,
n;iioiu, thw GerManc: oi ti.ii- country, we find the reasonable desire, that their children
should be able to reud anu v/rii e their parental language. If it were the
abtioluTie iiitention of the stuLe to prevent children from learning the well
entraiiched Geri.iun or any othei- language besides English, then state officials
v/oulu huve to penutratu tL« inneriiiost family circles v/here English is often omitted
in order to induce chilaren to learn this tongue by imitation, whereby they
acc^uiro it froi.. their very infancy.
The addiction to t\\^ Ger.'^an language ut home, and its use during teaching hours
in the various oouises of tho parochial schools ia resorted to, since teachers
una parents knov;, thut this is the only method whereby the student can obtain a
thorough knowludge or his mother tongue, aside from the English, But hide or hair,
its not a state affair.'*
If Altgeld't; ideas will brin,^ victory on Nov. 8th, when the Illinois ballot tells
the outcome, and v/y can e:':,.ect th.t he t3i..erges victorious, then the firct months of
the next year .vill ^:j;ive us a repetition oi wiiut transpired in V/isconsin a year agOf
Under Gov. .-iltgeld's influence tho new legal administration of Illinois will abolish
the Edwards lawj ids instigation vdlx ht.lp in creating a nev/ school-lav/, which contaj
none of the objectional features or the Edwurds :,andate and it v/ill give the parochia
priv.te, and state schools equ-ality and iuetiee.
I A 2 a
III c
GERLIAN
Illinois Stuuts » Zeitunp Juno 13f 1892«
ST. i'nui uthGKijCxxiTIGII FLAi;S THE ERECTION OF
rt KEi^ i^OIiOGL
A neetin:' v/us held lust Sunday in ti.tj Lull of tlie Catholic St. Faults Church.
It yrcis v^ell attended by ;:itt:..b^rs oi' tL« ciiurcL. They had come to^^ether to
discuss ti;e erection of u n«w schoolhouse. Kev. G. D. Heldriiann explained to
the uudience the d^txils connected with the building of a ne\f school. At
the i.resent 33O chilaren belon>_; to the church-school • It is filled up and
no roou for <iny in crease • Sketche.s for the nevr building had beer, dravm by
the architects, H. SchlucVs ?:t!id !!• Cttur.^ einer ; and these were presented to
the ussenbly. Tlien tV est; pluns for tl e n^nv building v/ere discussed and
unaniiiiousl ' a .;)rovea. It was decided to sturt as soon as possible v/ith the
construction oi' this raw building so that it. could be finished before winter.
X A 2 a g:^I5.:.\ii
TTXT
III C nii^icis^otaats - Zeitung June IC, 1892
The Illinois district of tiie : isscuri Synod, appointed a co:rj..ittee fcr the
Chice.'^o expcsttion. This ocnj.iittee inf cmec the teachers cf the s^aiod v;.-at
they expe'^Jt tc exhilit vnd the i'ollov;in"- t' in :s ta-e i.^enticnedi
1. Plajis and drrv/inss cf sohcclhcuses as tney were f-t tne eistablishiiient cf
the synod, and v/};ot tliey are today.
2, Scliccl vorlcj '
c./ Enrlish B.nd Geriuan specimen cf v.Titin^.
b/ Brief "'reri-.o^ nr.d ^';lish essays
c/ oc luticns cf laatlierictical prcbleiis In Ui'^lish.
d/ Lrav.-in-s.
e/ Drawin-s cf iiaos.
f/ /jisv;ers tc questions in v;ritin:; aLcut ":ec ^raphy &nd history.
^y Lessens in '^rajrj:.o.r in "eri.ian t-nd iiln-lish.
o, phctc "raphs cf -^rcups and clasces of scholars.
G^K:AII
Illinois Staats - :.eitun^-; June IC, 1892 •
4» All schoc i-Lccks t^nd ull cf tue vclunes cf sclicol papers^
5» Teachin^^ laaterial, Such as . aps, -lobes, r^rdin^ oarcs, ciblical pictures,
cords Tor pictorial iiisti-uoticns, etc.
6. Lesson tablets f-r^d tir.ie tal lets in "err.ian md 3n'-lish.
7. Statistics about the develciDj.er.ts end -rcv.th cf scliocls.
8» Collections cf iiiSects, stones, birds, s-.ells etc, v;! ich rre used for
instructions.
I A2 a a-:H:.-A!i ^
I A2 c Illincis Sto.t.ts - Zeitun- Lay 18, 1892 • "^
III c ^ ^ C
IV G'^lAN TilECLC-ICAL SEI.I.^IARY* ^
o
Six ycunr^. students cf the aeriuaii Theological beiiiino.ry went thrcu^^h their ex- c^
eninaticns recently*^ The "er:'©Ji Theclc'^^ioal Seminory is located at Ashlgnd f^
*vp''np r^id Au^TiSta Street, and is under tue direction cf Rev. J. D. Severin^^haus^
The'directors of the* serlncry held tv/o ccnferences yesterday, in wriich thyy con-
sulted about a nev constitution lor t.ieir institution*
T^e directors have nade nn appeal tc the friends cf ti.e senint^ry for financis-l
support* It is pointed cut that tiiis i.istituticn trainee and educated fifty
/cun^, nen Jcr trie ..inistrv since its fcundaticn in 3.885: end that it is entirelv
iependent upon voluntary ccntrilution for its ...aintenance. The expenses of tlie
institution are estiiao.ted as follov/s: salary and rent for the ;orofesGcrs fj.,750.
tcard and Icd^^inf; for ten students r800| heat i>::\^ li^^ht v250; niscellojieous ex-
penses '^200» This is a total cf .';.S,CuO, for t}ie r.raininf^ cf tv/enty-one students.
The synod tc vriich this church belcn'*s has appropriated ^5, COO, for the poynent
cf debts cf the sei.dnr>ry.
V
Ci
' I A 2 a
OERMAN
^ ^ ^ ^ Illinois Stuats ^ Zeitung Fob. 3% I892.
I C
I A 1 c CONFUSING PUBLIC SCHOOLS WITH CHURCH SCHOOLS
rirohbishop Ireland of St. Fault has repeatedly expressed himself more or
less pointedly in favor of turning over the Catholic church schools to the
state or changing them into public schools* This has reference to the
famous Faribault Plant which is named after the country towi Faribault t in
which the plan originated • It was also introduced in another Minnesota town
near St» Paul.
In accordance with this plan the Catholics turned over their church schools
to the state to be used as public schools* The school board then agrees to
engage catholic nuns as teachers in these schools* The teachers are required
not to give any religious instruction during school hours, but to restrict the
same to children of Catholics after regular hours*
This is the agreement* Children of Protestants and other non-Catholics attended
these schools. But among these parents utmost discontent prevails lately and
they make the follov/ing complaint: The teachers daily instructed the children
during the noon hour in the Catholic catechism and attempts were made to force
non-Catholic children to participate* The non-Catholic population became so
excited that plans were supposed to have been made to engage militia for the
I A2a M5^
Abendpost, Sept. 22, 16S1,
NEr: CATHOLIC P/.HGCHIAL SCKOjL
The cornerstone for the new Parochial School of the Catholic St. Hosa
Church was laid yesterday afternoon.
The total cost of the School will be about $25,000.00.
.'.Jta
C
Co
1^
Illinois Staats Zeitung, March 7, l890.
THE AGITATION AGAINST THE GSrO^IAN SCHOOLS.
Thus far the new compulsory school law of Illinois, does not appear to affect
Chicago very much, because its enforcement here is well taken care of, being
entrusted to competent officials • Outside of the Chicago district, that is
in Illinois, many transgressions are perpetrated in rural districts by the
bucolic school boards and the obliging courts • These are not based on the
fact that they are parochial schools, but that they are German schools • The
school committee of German Evangelical-Lutheran Church of Illinois has cor-
related all the various forms of agitation. This compilation was entrusted
to its Secretary J. 1. Groose.
^ 2 • . GERMAN
Illinois Staats Zeitung, March 7, I89O.
Many of these instsjices v/e have mentioned ourselves, also the fact that none
of the schools of the Evang;elical-Lutheran Church, the Evangelical Unit-^.rian,
etc, and also of the Roman Catholic Church, are free from this impertinent
interference by the county school boards. These persecutions are also dis-
graceful restrictions of relip;ion and the freedom of conscience.
3y suppressing these Genrian schools, the religious instruction which is given
in them, is either likev/ise abolished or profoundly curtailed. Since these
vexations affect both, the German, and also the religious sentiments of the
maligned, it is but logical that a subsequent resistance will assert itself
in a very decided and forceful manner. A very efficient organization against
these propagandists has been created by the Evangelical-Lutheran Church of
Illinois, as has been previously alluded to#
- 3 • ^'-^^"''^ GERMAN
Illinois Staats Zeitung^ I'arch 7f l890«
It has formed a committee for the purpose of either abolishing the Compulsory
School Law, or cleansing it of all objectionable features. Furtherriore, advice
and assistance shall be given to all the harassed comzrunities as v/ell as legsil
representation before the courts* The president of this comjnittee is Rev.
Hoelter of Chicago, assisted by Rev, Crosse of Addison ?.nd Rev. Schuessler of
Joliet, and also the laymen, Eduards, Lielcher, V/. Tatge, the latter is an
attorney at lav/,
Vrfliat weight the Evangelical-Lutheran Church of Illinois can throw into the
scales of justice, may be deduced from tl ese v/ell autl enticated figures:
It controls 226 schools ;7ith 18,463 scholars. There are 192 clerg3rmen, 114,693
church-members, 68,436 communicants, and, at least, 15,435 voters.
. 4 - GSR!/Jm
Illinois Staats Zeitung, March 7, I89O.
These are, hark ye welll only the Evangelical-Lutheran voters* It
would be desirable to ascertain the voting strength of the other German-
Protestant churches. One would be confronted with mighty figures •
But how will thece numbers be increased if v/e add the many German-
Catholic voters I
I A 2 a
III C
\
Chica,-0:r /Lrboitor Zeitun^, ?eb, 4, 13S9,
About six hundred -oersons assenibled vest^rday afternoon in the .lurora Turner
Ilall in order to protest against the inra .ous 31air ?>ill. The contents and
the TDuroose of thi:-. bill havo been published already by the ;j?beit3r Zeitun^.
As rriain reason'^, for thi3 protest v:ere f^iven: First, its unconstitutionality
and secon-.ly, its a:.ibir;uity.
.Ji a:iondi?nt v;a3 also attached to th-3 re:-',olution deMancinr- the taxation of
c.:iurch -oroTJorty.
I A 2 a GHrRMAM "'
_— — .--^
Per Westen, Jan. 28, 1877. -^^
PROFESSOR ^.VIEDINGER OPENS NEHV SCHOOL
Professor Wiedinger, the well known educator will open next week a Gennan
and English select school at 533 N. Clark St. The new institution will teach
several subjects of a higher school. The very able teacher Mrs. Wiedinger
will be connected with the new school. The languages used in the teaching
of the subjects will be German and English* Mr. Wiedingers* ability as an
educator is so well known by the older Gennan generation of the city, that
he should not lack students. We consider it our duty to call this new school
to the attention of the parents and we wish to recommend it.
A. Sducatlon
2. Parochial
b. Foreign
languages
r
X.»."S..^ ■
t » 4i'^iVtS», «"Vv
! .
I A. 2 b
GBRMAIT
ABEHDPOST. Jnly 17th, I905.
^'^^. WPA (UL.} PROJ. 302/5
Dlschargedl
Professor Andrew H» Vox, chief of the German Department .of the Chicago
Theological Seminary has heen discharged, hecause he sent a telegram to John D.
Rockefeller asking for a donation for the seminary without authority of the hoard*
Professor Fox knew that the trustees of the institution desired funds for the Grerma
Department for some time and thou^t, that the present opportunity was very favorahle.
This telegram to the oil King was as follows} •
"Wanted funds for two professdrial chairs for foreign mission work at home to
reach eleven million souls* Cheque will he accepted at a nominal value* ITo
questions asked*"
I A 2 b
GSmiAN
Die Abendpost, Mar. 18, 1892.
TEE OPPENSNTS OP THE ILT.INOIS SCHOOL lAW.
As the enemies of the proposed new Illinois School Law are on the in-
crease, the Repuhlican sponsors of this unfortunate and malicious law
are changing tactics, and this only is due consideration of the coming
Presidental election.
Now these Republicans, propose and promise the complete rejection of the
whole School Law, in its present form. But they are leaving so many hack
doors and classes open for the comhack of the said law, that we cannot trust
the Repuhlican standpoint. Prom the "beginning of this fight, the Democrats,
have stressed the standpoint, to accept the School Enforcement Law, hut at
the same time to report as a principal any School Language instruction law.
3ut the Repuhlicans insisted, that not only in puhlic schools hut also in
Church and private schools the Language of instruction should he exclusively
English. Time will show, which i»y the Puhlic and the voters will force
the issue.
'. /
-1
I A 2 b GERIvlAK
I A 2 a
jjj Q Die Abendoost. April IStn, IS90.
The Compulsory School Lav;. . ,
175 Representatives of tne "^5 Evangelic Lutheran Parishes of Chicago and
vicinity, divisions of the Missouri, Synod met on the evening of April l^th, in
the scnool of the Bvang. Lutheran Immanuels Gemeinde to consider how the above
law may be fought most advantageously. Mr, T. C. Diener led, as chairman, Mr.
H, Ruhland functioned as secretary. A declaration by Pastor Hoelter, his motion
was accepted. Its text in general follows: the members of these districts are
antagonistically inclined towards a sensible compulsory school law. They are not
opposed to Public Schools; on the contrary, the state would be delinquent in its
duty, if it failed to give tne growing youth an OD-oortunity to study the elemen-
tary subjects. They do not object to the teaching of the English language but thy
very energetically reject the various -orovisions of the present corapulocry law
which curtails parental,- personal and religious rights in a deplorable manner,
and it subjects all private schools to such state-control, that their continued
existence becomes doubtful. It is unfortunate that the necessity has arisen,
which compels citizens to obtain their legal rights by political intervention.
What has this law achieved? Parents were convicted as criminals, because they
entrusted their children to schools, built and financed from their own resources,
in which nothing is taught that conflicts with the state. They must, therefore
resort to votes, if no amendments will be made.
•1
I. ATTITUDES
A. Education
2. Parochial
d. Special Endoivments
I A 2 d
Illinois 3ta/ ts Zeitunc?» March 15, 1886* ^'da /-^
^ " ' ' '' VU,; ■■■-fjj 2Q^^
I
The Archbishop Michael Heiss of Milwaukee invites, in an enthusiastic peti-
tion, the Crtholic-Americ>^ ns of German origin to "become actively interested
in the Cptholic Uni\''ersity that is to he founded in 'Tashinf^ton. He Droposes,
in '^i^ character r-s member of the Board of Directors, the't German-Ameri can
Catholics should -orovide the means to establish three German professorships
at the University, namely a St. Bonivacius professorship in theolo^-^y, a
Goerres xDrofessorshi?^ in philosophy/' pnd a Tindhorst profes?<orship in juris-
Drudence. The foun-lation of the first clerical chair would reauire a canital
of $50,000 and each of the other -orof essorships would be S100,000« Such
abund.ant German donations should also secure a oroper re-presentative of the
Germans on the Board of Directors, forever.
Archbisho'o Heiss turns for the above -ourpose, .-^t the first, to the many
wealthy amon^ the German-American Catholics and says: "ITe want to enter
this Spring into the almanac of the Catholic University one-hundred Germans'
najnes who have each oaid $1,000 and a thousand Germans' names that represent
each a gift of $100. '7e all are witnesses that God has blessed many more
than 1,100 German Catholics with sufficient earthly possessions; and that
<
I A :5 d
- 2 -
GERMAN
l^m (ill.; PRf'U
Illinois Starts Zeitun.Q'^ March 15, 18S6.
no nation does more for instruction and education than has the G-erman is
proved ^y history. Let us do our share, so that also the Catholic University
of America gives evidence of this."
Also for non-Catholics it is ver^;- desirr/ble that the purpose of the Arch-
bishoo "be carried out, for such German -orofessorships would of course contrib-
ute very nracl'. tc the maintenance of German nationality within and outside the
Catholic Church of this country
I. ATTITUDES
A, Education
3. Adult Education
' %
^
' ^ 4
":m->
Whi-
,^
11 B 2~f
I C
II A2
c,:h?j:M
Aberrlpost, oyp. 3, 19559,
the; r,-:;Ri:Mi :!ation'l cl'Rv.s i^.scci.vrioN ARAA'.'aiDS
CCUR333 i:i 7E2 ENGLISH LilMGUAGJ].
A
? \
- y
The GerrDn llation-^l Clerks .association of Ghica,r;o, v/hose principal aims are
for the gener^.l "nd profession-" 1 ir. or overrent and education of its members,
has arr~n^--e'"l, besides the present Znglish evenings of entertaini'ient, Znglish
courses, ^t their club-house at 4522 H. '\shland Ive. The courses are open
to all members and their friends • Prof ession-^l lectures in the English
lan-<^;uri2e \/ill ni^ke the hours of instruction interesting.
--i
o-:h:iai:
.ibendpost , Feb, •-:4, 1915.
Aane Technical ri.-jh ochool Cffers ixj
rhe Lane Technical isli h^chcol offers a cour3G -"or baker a'DT>r3ntices and
thus far 1;':0 applications have been received. Instruction is not vA^velj
confined to 'eneral practical 'Ugiestions a'.'.ut baking, cake ornaiients,
etc., but includ.s a c urse or. the chc lical coiapoiients of flour -nd
▼ -Ci-.i -XT
Frank Tiafner cf th:: "akers Union, v.;nd J. Yi5S-r, v:ho ,';^raduated in
^uerich, ov/itz^x-ian^, coiutituta thj teachln ■ staff.
I A
:l
G^HLIA}!
Irr/i fllkt/ rnu^ ciu^/
Die xVr,Rndpost , Se^oteraber 17, IB'^U
V/hr^t ic .? Uiiiverrity Extension'? A univ^-rsit./ is concentrr-^tin,;;^ its system
of inrtruction pr^rtic^jl^rly on students, who Yisve ^;?:d:;ated fror^. High
Scnools p>id s^/oseqiiently re;;istered v;ith t'.e ■,^nivor^:it,r for further edu-
crtion. Since ].?' ', there }}.ae heen & s-tron^^; :nove:nent to eetrhlish ix^ii-
versity extensions, ^^rhinh hcve t';e -purpose of ^Ivin^; the benefit of a
^xaiversity education also to persons, wr.o v/ent only throuji ;rinary schools
bnt have the a^ibition to study r^nd enl.^ir.f^e t'^eir intellectual horizon. The
said imivp.rsity extension is carried out by local or trevellinjv; lectures,
.Tiail end also by libraries,
Jud^e 3rentr-.no ha9 tp>:en up t}ie task of ?oo"oer tin.;^ vdth the Universities
of C:ica£so to establish a Gk)rTnan University iuxtension, ^'^'^hich v/ill lend its
education service especially to the 'J-err'ian ei^.^^r-nantr o*^ one populr-tion.
'This -errian University Extension v/ill be or^ani^ed • nd conducted by Pro-
fessor A.T. SugII, Dr. O.T. Tliatcher p.nd Dr, A. '"irth.
Illinois Staats-Zeitun^. Sept. 11, 1879.
ATEEIMASOl.:
English instruction will be given at the Athenaeun, 50 Dearborn Steet, next
Monday. The course is available to all GeiT.ians v/ho wish to study ISnglish--
reading, writing, and speaking are taught quickly. The aim is to provide an
elementary knowledge of English, so that recent arrivals /fvoxsi 2uroQe7 v;ill
find it easier to get a job. """
Len and women of any age are eligible.
•\/
•'->
I. ATTITDDSS
B* Mores
1* Temperance
.'^''*'^ T '■ ■ ' -W^ '
* I
I B 1
GERMAN
I B 2
Abendpost, Jan. 22, 1934.
BRING ON THE BEER!
(Editorial)
Thanks to prohibition, much knowledge concerning the manufacture of spirituous
liquors has been acquired by a great number of people who previously knew
absolutely nothing about the art of brewing or distilling. Today there is
hardly one person who does not know that fermentation changes sugar to alcohol.
Home brew was made with more or less success, in nearly every home; grape juice
was frequently changed to wine by fermentation, and many people even learned
how to distill alcohol. Yet it is astonishing what great ignorance prevails
concerning the alcohol content of spirituous liquors, especially of beer (sic).
Every day one can hear people say that they drank beer that contained six,
eight, or even ten percent of alcohol; even some newspapers print news about
that kind of beer. These erroneous ODinions about the alcoholic content of
beer originated shortly before the repeal of prohibition, when Congress
I B 1 - 2 - GaRMAN
I B 2
Abendpost^ Jan. 22, 1934.
legalized beer that contained no more than 3*2 per cent of alcohol. This made
the impression that such a content is very low, which is really not true. %
And then when prohibition had been repealed and the congressional provision p
with reference to the alcoholic content of beer became invalid, many liquor '^
stores advertised beer containing 10 per cent of alcohol; but if one read the 3
respective statement on the label, one found that it merely declared that the ^
beer contained no more than six per cent of alcohol, not that it actually con-
tained six per cent.
Confusion increased vrtien a well-known Canadian brewery, the posters of which
are seen everywhere, placed its product on the American market. The posters
recommended an ale having 12 per cent alcohol. That is what the laymen at
least infers, but urtien he looks more closely, he finds that the poster refers
to 12 proof spirits. What this means is explained by George F. Goerls in an
article which he published in the trade journal '•The American Brewer**. Goerls
shows that Beer with a weight of 2 per cent alcohol, and a volumne of 2.52 per
CO
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I / IBS
I B 1 - 3 - GERMAN
Abendpoat. Jan. 22, 1934.
cent is eq\aal to 4.40 British and 5.04 American proof spirits. The difference ^
between British and American proof spirits is attributable to the fact that
the official definition of the terms is not the same in the two countries.
-o
Thus it is evident that when Sn^jlishmen or Canadians speak of 12 per cent beer, ^
they do not mean beer that has an alcoholic content of 12 per cent, but beer S
having an alcoholic content of not less than six per cent. And that really is ^
very strong beer. Most beer that is made here and in Germany contains between S
four and five per cent alcohol according to volume, and so it is essentially ^
not much stronger than the beer that was legalized shortly before the repeal of
prohibition.
• * *
I B 1
I F 3
GERMAN
Abendpost^ Jan* 5, 1934«
THE CITY COUNCIL INTERFERES
(Editorial)
The controversy about the liquor bill irtiich is pending in the Illinois State
Legislature has entered a new phase* The Chicago City Council has taken a
hand in the controversy in a manner that will show results* As is known^ the
old opposition between city and county, between Chicago and its metropolitan
population on the one hand, and the rural and small town communities on the
other, is the underlying cause of the fight* Governor Horner and those members
of the Legislature who represent rural districts favor a law which provides for
control of liquor traffic by a state commission* Mayor Kelly wants home rule
on the matter for Chicago, and the Cook County Democratic members of the Legis-
lature share his opinion*
The Republicans in the Legislature have utilized this controversy to weaken
the position of Chicago and to widen the control of the rural communities over
I B 1 - 2 - GERMAN
I F 3
Abendpost^ Jan. 5, 1934.
the city. They have appealed to President Roosevelt, asking him to take a
hand in the controversy to prevent the return of the saloon, in line with the
platfonn adopted at the Democratic National Convention. This appeal completely
ignores the fact that the platform refers only to dives and haunts of criminals,
and that it expressly advocates home rule.
In the meantime, Governor Horner and Mayor Kelly have reached a compromise ac-
cording to which two coinnissions are to be appointed, one for Cook County and
one for the rest of the state. The president of the County Commission is also
to serve as president of the State Commission. It is still somewhat early to
examine this compromise very closely; but in any event, it can be readily sub- ^
stantiated that is one of the most brilliant achievements of advanced contro-
versial bar issue. He has agreed, in the interest of moderation and good morals,
to let his greatly plagued contemporaries henceforth sit do\fm and pour whisky
into their systems.
CO
I B 1 - 3 - GERMAN
I F 3
Abendpost^ Jan^ 5^ 1934*
Now th« City Council has also entered into the fray and to a man has taken
sides with Mayor Kelly. The city Fathers emphasize that, above all else^ the
right of home rule is at issue. This point is of utmost importance. In order
to avoid any false conceptions, we stress the fact that Chicago demands nothing
but the right to regulate the liquor traffic that is carried on within her
borders. Chicago does not care what the authorities in the rest of the state
decide to do in regard to the matter; Chicago has no desire to force its will
upon theait nor does it wish to be tyrannized by them. In order to ascertain
the attitude of the citizens on the question, the City Council has tentatively
decided to have a referendum vote taken at the primaries in April. This reso-
lution deserves commendation.
In reality, a referendum should not be necessary. However, the saloon question
is being kept alive by the determined dries. They are receiving reinforcements
from the ranks of the Republicans, vrtio are trying to make political capital
out of the controversy* And, finally, we have the demagogues as third member
of the trio. Thus the issue which really should have been settled long ago
Ti
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I B 1 - 4 - GERMAN
I F 3
Abendpost, Jan. 5, 1934#
has been turned into a bitter controversy. That is why a referendum is in
order.
13 1
G^R.'JJT
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Abendpost, July 18, 1931.
'niii .\i3i^.iL Fiiy-iiJciAL st..te:.:li:;t
(iJditorial)
The fiscal year ending June 30, shov/ed that prohibition v/as highly success-
ful— in a certain sense — during the p-dst twelve nonths. There were 6,833,000
gallons of liquor confiscated throughout the United States, of which 545,024
were found in the area of the Seventh Federal District, in which Chicago is
included. Courts dealt with 7,000 prohibition lavz-breakers. Fines were im-
nosed in 36,6b0 cases, which shov;ed a haiTvest of ,;5,511,000. In addition,
29,470 were convicted, and thus su-rnnarily, 18,383 years v;ere spen-c behind
prison bars. Furti.eriiiore, .11,375 stills, some 27,000 beer-producing appara-
tus, and 8,260 automobiles v;ore also confiscated.
This is a financial report of which the prohibition authorities nay be
proud indeed. Viewing the activity of the prohibition authorities from
I B 1 - 2 - GSR IAN
I E 3 c
IBS Abendpost , July 18, 1951.
I F 6
I F 4 another angle, namely, that through it a curb is put upon tae pro-
hibited source of income, then of course v/e say, may they be crowned
by success in the future. But there are two sides to prohibition as to every-
thing else, the success of that other side is much less promising indeed.
The illegitimate still and brev/ery industry employs undoubtedly thousands
of men, who work there not by choice but as breadwinners of a family, com-
pelled to accept work though it may be in an illegal industry. They risk
unlawful employment, only to keep the wolf av;ay from their doors. •• ..The
real transgressors who finance this illegitimate industry — enriching them-
selves by doing so — are still fancy-free and probably will remain so for
some time. There lies the inconsistencj'' of prohibition.
vi>.
I B 1 - 5 - T^T'^A!^
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13 2 Abendpost, July 18, 1931 •
I F 5
I F 4 A shortare of liquor has never been noticed by anyone v/ho is in the
habit of frequent inp' taverns. The manufacture of illegal alcoholic
bevera/yes is so iminense that the confiscatior of several million gallons is
rneanini':less to bootlep:r^ers. They Mre cunninp: enourh to foresee these even-
tualities and protect themselves ap:ainst losses by a so-called risk p.ccount.
\'ihy then, \-aste so much money and e^.erry on the prohibition machine, when in
the end, success is not theirs. Indeed, prohibition can scarcely exceed any-
thing on stupidity. Furthermore, takinr into consideration that the "noble
experiment'* has been undermininfr the iiublic morale, one must marvel at the
patience of the American nation thr^t has tolerated this -oreposterous condition
for the past ten years. However, to expect indefinite natience on the part of
our nation, would be a prave id stake.
I B 1 GERMAN
I B 2
Abendpost . Dec. 27, 1929 •
OUR BLUECOATS
(Editorial)
The Census Bureau of Washington has published some very interesting and
instructive figures about police costs in American cities. In the prep-
aration of this highly important work, only cities with a population of
thirty thousand and over have been considered • The figures first considered
refer to the year 1903. At that time the total expenditures v/as $38, 000,000*
In 1919, the year before national prohibition was instituted, the cost was
$75,000,000, and in 1927, it reached |184,000,000»
These statements reveal a colossal and rapid increase in police maintenance costs,
It might be assumed that this is due to the increase in population. But a casual
glance suffices to reveal the difference between the two increases. In the six-
teen years from 1903 to 1919, expenditures mounted from thirty-eight to seventy-
five millions, in the eight-year period from 1919 to 1927, from seventy-fivi
I B 1 - 2 - GERMAN
I B 2
Abendpost , Dec. 27, 1929 •
one hundred and eighty-four millions. The enormous rise during the last
eight years cannot, by any stretch of the imagination, be attributed
entirely to a greater population and larger salaries* This also becomes
evident from the statistics covering this period* V/e refer to the per
capita cost* In 1903 it was $1.83; in the year 1919 it grew to $2.19;
and in 1927 it became $4.32.
Of course, it would be unfair to place the blarae for these mounting figures
on Prohibition alone. Along with the latter, one imist also take cognizance of
increasing crimes and felonies many of them traceable to Prohibition.
The Census Bureau, which compiled these facts, knows of course that the growing
number of arrests for drunkenness furnish an important argument for the anti-
Prohibition forces. It, therefore, considers itself justified in admonishing
the reader not to draw wrong conclusions. As the Bureau goes on to explain, the
methods of classification used by the various police departments differ in the.
I B 1 - 3 - GERMAN
I B 2
Abendpost, Dec, 27, 1929 •
handling of cases of intoxication; in addition, procedures change during the
years.
As an example, the city of Detroit has been selected. In that community
nearly all persons arrested for intoxication were liberated on the following
morning, no further action being taken against them. This custom prevailed
from 1914 to 1918. These figures are therefore not listed in the statistics.
Later on, the Detroit police department changed their system, and a large
percentage of such arrested persons had to face charges of intoxication.
As a result, the annual report bulged with figures.
It is quite obvious that such changes of procedure must definitely affect the
statistical entries, and in associating these figures with the effects of
Prohibition, must only choose those years when police methods were not
superseded by new rules.
Even when one considers these circumstances, the statistics still show a
■^.p.i\.
•o
I B 1
I B 2
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GERMAN
Abendpost , Dec. 27, 1929
..niosaal increase in arrests for too much drinking. Only recently, some
^zing accounts aiout^'ashington and the District of Columbia were published,
Sc?ing the really alarming spread of drunkenness during the Volstead era.
I B 1
G3RI.IA1J
/ \ ■^ • •>
Abendpost. Nov. 18, 1929 •
FAR-RKiGKIKG RESULTS
(Editorial)
The market crash will be of far greater import than most people realize
at present. Primarily, it thoroui^^hly destroys the sa^a of perennial
Republican prosperity; of course not for ever, nor in c^neral. Most
of the dyed-in-the-wool Republicans have such defective memories that
within a fev/ years they will ascribe the present calamity to good old
Grover Cleveland , Woodrow '.Vilson, and even ^11 Smith. Any connection
betv/een these three Democrats and the financial collapse is, of course,
non-existent, but in fables and fairy tales no logical correlation is
to be expected* Temporarily, at least, the sufferers vail come to the
painful realization that the presence of a Republican in the V/hite House
constitutes no adequate assurance against bank disasters. There are nov/
several nev/spapers which do not restrict their accounts of the last failure
to the financial section. They even publish editorials concerning the fiasco
which befell the nation under a Republican re:_;ime, when doughty Teddy Roosevelt
I B 1 - 2 - GSRI^T
Abendpost> Nov. 18, 1929.
ruled Vvith the heavy cud^cel.
But how will the ;aiti-Saloon League coiiport itself now? For years its
followers declared with astounding teir.erity and persistence that prosperity
is the inevitable result of prohibition, but just now the announcement
appears that the iinerican people's savings accounts have shrunk to the tune
of two hundred million dollars, a fifth billion less than formerly* Hov;
many billions in paper values and actual cash has been lost on the Stock
Exchange is unascertainable# If, under these inopportune circunstances,
our capable and convincing high-pressure collectors of the League should
make the usual rounds among the ordained members, v:hat can be said, -when,
hat in hand, they find the old financial argu:aents are not applicable any
more v;hile garnering donations for the blessed, noble v.ork?
Undoubtedly, they must change their tactics. After all, - resorting to
that more expressive than esthetic proverb so often used in this land, -
you can't tell a man v;ho lost his shirt on the Stock Exchange that the
I B 1 - 3 - GERMAN
Abendpost > Nov. 18, 1929. ;\
r\ V
present dryness is the source of his prosperity; he would consider it
as a sarcastic imposition on his misfortune, and his indignation would
be aroused to the degree where he is liable to forget all scruples and
unceremoniously kick the desiccated collector to kingdom come.
V.Tien dealing with this irate gentry, the "hat-passers" must use other
methods than formerly. The little fellows though, the small fry who
contribute their nominal share to the League as a sort of church donation,
can be treated in the accustomed fashion. A change in policy is not of
supermundane importance here.
It suffices to tell them that the V/all Street debacle is God Almighty* s
inexorable wrath, because we still have beer-drinking people flaunting
the Volstead law with deliberate insolence and obduracy.
— ^
..bendpoot , jmi» 15, 1919.
.\sj;ULT Oil tk: coN/rrruTioN
(Editorir.l)
The Prohibition .jien±"ient to th? Con.^-'titutior. of the united ..'t-.tes was ratified
— i.e., accepted ..nd confirmed — by the st?-^teG of ..labnina, .j^kc-ns-is, Ji.lifoi'nia,
Indiana, ICansas, T:orth Carolina -.na Illinois.
This ne&ns th' t thirty rtates h' ve nov; favored n-itioniLl prohibition, i.nd that
it vill take only si:: nore sitates to nake up the re^'Uired three-fourths najority
of all states.
The le[:i.:latures of ei.^ht of those ^.t^ tcs v.hich still have to vote on the consti-
tutional uaendment vill, in all probability, .also ratify this Prohibition Anend-
ment, so th-\t it must seen almost cert-iin th- t by i,.'irch 1 the approval of more
than thirty-si:: -of the forty-ei,^;ht st' tes i;ill be assured, and a year latf^r,
about i.j.rch 1, 19P.0, prohibition rill h::ve become part of the fundrjnental lav;
of th^ country — ^unless somethinr une:rpected happens.
I B 1 GERiv^JJ
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^bendpost, Jan. 15, 1919,
V.Tiat does that mean'; Judging by the superficiality and indifference v.lth which
the Vwiiole problem was handled, first in Congress and later in the various legis-
latures, one must concludes that the propo^in^i: of an unendment to the United
States Constitution and its ratif ic: tion by the state legislatures was an every-
day affair of little importance, cjid that the possible consequences of the adopt- :
ion of this particular amendment v.ere a minor matter. In reality the consequences ^
v;ill be incalculably grave ^^nd v.ill have far-reaching effects. In reality the -^
adoption of the xrohibiticn .jnendment to the Constitution is of much greater r
significance than the mrg'ority of citizens — including the opponents of prohibition — t
seem to think. o
It means not only the confiscation of property, the destruction of the livelihood j^
and employment of hundreds and thous-nas, and the restriction of the personal ^^
freedom of many millions — which in itself constitutes the gravest violation of
the rights of citizens which are guaranteed by the Constitution — but it also
means an actual rape of the Constitution itself; a rape, v.hich strips this
constitution of its original spirit and purpose and vhich converts it from a
solid wall of dr.fense against tyrtnny and suppression into a convenient tool
13 1 - 3 - GEHI>iAN
Abendpost > Jan. 15, 1919.
of tyranny imd a neans for oppressing the citizens and for destroying those
liberties v;!iich the Constitution was conceived and v/ritten dovm in order to
cuarantee and safecviard against any and all possible assaults.
TTie introduction of national proliibition by a constitutional ai.iendi:ient v/ould
in fact be tantrnount to. a successful revolution a^^ainst the basic lav; and
concept of /jnerica and v/ould, as surely as nomine follov/s ni^'^ht, lead to a
counterrevolution . hich v;ould not progress so smoothly as the present
extinction of j\jr.erican liberty and ideals fron ;jr.erican soil.
-a
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""•■-■a
This is (luite a statement, but it is not exafxer-ited. ilnyone v.ho does not c^
believe that ;;hat has been said above is justified, v;ill soon realize its
truth. The damaoe has not yet been done, and there is still some hope that the
expected calajuity can .:e averted. A constitutional amendment .;hich is so opposed
to the spirit of the Constitution as is this Prohibition /umendmont — v/hich, in
its entire nature and in the manner in .;hich it v;as submitted to the state
lecislatures, so boldly assaults the Constitution itself — cannot be considered
^ ^ 1 - 4 - G^PIil^i:
Abendpost, Jan. 15, 1919 •
constitutionall V/e still have the Supreme Court, to \.hich an ^ippeal xvill
certainly be made, lioreover, the ^^inerican people have not entirely lost their
conmon sense and cood judgment, even if their representatives in Congress and
in the state legislatures are trying to do v.ithout coirj.ion sense in handling ^
the prohibition problem, 2
3o far the question has been argued chiefly from the standpoint of the "v;ets" rj
and "drys**. The Prohibition /uTiendment has been advocated and opposed only by nj
those v.ho v^'ere imracdiately interested, and the general public has considered o
it mainly a clash of opposing interests and not a conflict involving the great c-^
problem of civil liberties, as it really is. The fight of the opposing (3
interests has befogged the people's vision and has beclouded their mental ^^'
horizon so that they have not quite realized the peril with v^hich their liberty
is threatened. Kany have refrained from entering the fight ag^ainst the Pro-
hibition /UTi'=indment because they do not care to be considered friends of tne
"beer and booze interests. '^
I B 1 - 5 - GERM.aT
Abendpost, Jan, 15, 1919,
The same statement holds true for the people* ls representatives in Congress and
in the legislatures. Like the greater peirt of the citizenry, they let then-
selves be fooled by the bogeyman of the notoriety v.hich they will receive if
they support the "beer ana booze interests." Of course this v;as clearly a
prohibitionist invention. But they will not be intimidated any longer, once
it is proved that it is not a question of beer rind liquor, "wet" and "dry",
but that the Constitution is at stake under v.hich the country became great,
strong, Lind prosperous; that the liberties are at stake to v/hich the /imerican
people o\;e their greatness, and the preservrtion of democracy in their native
land — the preservation of iunerican democracy, for the extension of v;hich to
the rest of the ;.orld i^erica ga^/e her i^ubstance and shed her blood.
Co
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I B 1 GEmiAIT
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I F 3 Sonntagpost (Sunday Sdition of Abend post ) . Jan. 12, 1919 •
I A 1 a
THE BUSI^IiSSS PROGRAJ.! OF THS ILLINOIS LEGISLATORE
(Editorial)
A few days ago the Fifty-first General Assembly of Illinois convened in the
State capitol at Springfield. The present session of the State legislatxire
is of the greatest significance for the citizens of the State and especially
for the citizens of Chicago. Among the bills in which we Chicagoans are
especially interested we want to mention the one calling for a constitutional
convention; also the one regarding ratification of the Prohibition Amendment
to the National Constitution and, finally, one relating to the reform of
municipal administration and city finances.
The calling of a constitutional convention has already been decided upon.
The citizens of the state decided this question at the last election. But
the legislative body has to take the necessary measures for the election of
the delegates to the convention and for its financing. The greatest diffei
m.
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I F 3 Sonntagpost (Sunday iSdition of Abendpost) , Jan. 12, 1919,
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of opinion in this matter concerns the manner in iidiich delegates
are to be elected. Some consider the primary elections for the nomination
of the party candidates the most suitable occasion for the election of the
delegates. Others assume the viewpoint that the election to the constitu-
tioneLL convention should not be left to the party machine, but ways and
means should be found to make it as nonpartisan as possible. iVhich group
will emerge victorious in this controversy is impossible to say at present.
The question whether the Illinois legislature will sanction the Prohibition
Amendment to the National Constitution is naturally of the greatest interest
to the population of a great metropolitan center like Chicago. In the
Senate, the *'drys'' had the majority. V/hether the bill will pass the House
remains to be seen. The Anti-Saloon League claims that there, too, their
adherents command a majority. Their opponents are of a different opinion.
The adoption of the bill by the Illinois General Assembly naturally does
not make the proposed amendment to the National Constitution, about which
there has been great controversy, a law. For that the consent of thirty-s
■%
I B 1 - 3 - GEHI^AN
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I F 3 Sonntagpost (Sunday Edition of Abendpost) , Jan» 12, 1919.
I A 1 a
state legislatures is necessary* But over two thirds of this number
have already ratified the measure and a number of further ratifications are
almost assured, so that it is possible that our legislature might provide
the deciding factor in the fate of the proposed constitutional amendment.
The responsibility of the legislators, therefore, is tremendous; the effects
of their decision may extend over the boundaries of Illinois and all through
the United States. Kay they always keep that in mind I
The possible adoption of the prohibition amendment is already casting its
dark shadows before. ALiiost every day some taverns close their doors be-
cause their proprietors are not inclined to renew their expiring leases in
view of a forced closing of their establishments, or to pay out high license
fees. By the dozens, even by the hundreds, one can observe the darkened
places at Chicago^s street corners; and the windows, blind with dirt, seem
to mourn about the ways of all earthly things. These empty places cannot
fail to remind the passers-by of the financial consequences which the
prohibition clause, once it has become the law of the land, will have fo:
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I F 3 Sonntagpost (Sunday iSdition of Abendpost), Jan, 12, 1919,
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the citizens. Cities like Chicago will suffer such a tremendous
financial setback from the loss of income from liquor licenses that other
taxes have to be advanced appreciably to make up for this deficit. Besides
that, we have to consider the losses of the property owners and the probably
much greater losses of all those persons and families who have been earning
their livelihood, directly or indirectly, in the liquor trade and who now,
in their older days, have to learn a new trade or start in business all over
again. Chicago has already begun to suffer, during the last year, from a
gradual decrease of the liquor business and must earnestly consider either
the creation of new sources for taxes or making the old ones yield more.
This needs the approval of the legislature. Its decision will naturally be
of greatest importance not only for the administration of municipeil affairs
during the next few years, but also for the further development of Chicago
in general; for unless permission is granted to levy higher taxes, the
efficiency of many branches of the administration will suffer considerably,
while the proposed and very necessary plans for beautifying the city and
relieving traffic congestion within the city's limits will be postponed :^^
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I F 3 Sonnta^T^ost (Sunday iJdition of Abendpost) , Jan. 12, 1919#
I A 1 a
indefinitely.
The reforms in municipal administration which certain people desire, include
a change in the election procedure for officials, the creation of an office
of commissioner of finances, the consolidation of the various park boards,
and the introduction of nonpartisan municipal elections. The sponsors of
the movement for a change in the election of officials are motivated by the
desire to shorten a lengthy ballot sheet. According to the plan, quite a
nxamber of those officials who in the past were elected by the people directly,
including the mayor, the city clerk, and the city treasurer, are to be elected
and appointed by the city council. The shortening of a lengthy ballot sheet
which, in its present size, would better be put up in book form, would certainly
be desirable, for voters are now confronted with a task which only a few
people are capable of discharging. But whether this simplification has to
begin with the elimination of the mayor from the list of candidates is still a
controversial point. The consolidation of the park boards, however, can be
recommended unhesitatingly. It can only be of advantage to the city. The
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I P 3 Sonntagpost (Sunday Edition of Abendpost), Jan. 12, 1919.
I A 1 a
general introduction of continuation schools for children between
the ages of fourteen and sixteen, who are past the regular school age, the
institution of an eight-hour working day and one day of complete rest after
six days of work for employed women, social welfare for underprivileged
children, more adequate legal protection for illegitimate children, the
reorganization of our Chicago courts, and the accumulation of a fund to im-
prove highways, are other important items which will occupy the General
Assembly and which should merit the close attention of the citizenry.
I P 1 0-blIiji.juT
I D 1 a
I F 6 -ibendpost > Jrin, 4, 1919.
(ojlditorial)
The jlnti-Saloon LeafTue of Illinois needs noney v/hicli it is now seeking. Thej^
are sending printed letters to all and sundry, v/ho the leaders of the League
believe might possibly sacrifice tv/enty-five or fifty or a hundred dollars
for the "cood cause'' or the 2:ood v/ill of the Lea{;:ue. The letter runs as follows:
"Of the three steps v/hich lead to ratification of the National Prohibition amend-
ment, the Lea^^ue has taken the first tv/o — the primaries and the general election.
'■;e are novj confronted v/ith the fight in the legislatures. \Je are, so to speak,
in the position of the illlies — ready for the final cleanup. The campaign, al-
though victorious, has been hard and expensive, since the brev/ers have fought
every inch of the v/ay.
"At least one legislator xvas offered five thousand dollars for his vote to
I B 1 - 2 - aCRIvlAlT
I D 1 a
I F 6 Abendpost > Jan. 4, 1919.
submit the amendment to the voters for approval; the purpose, of course, was
to kill ratification by delay. Their nain weapon will be bribery — this must
be investigated thorouchly and combated effectively. We have to hold the
line, and must stop this alien, corrupt, and brutal brev/ing interest from
cheating Illinois out of her richtful place in the order of ratification.
"Ratification is in sicht and the breweries are fighting v/ith their backs
against the v/all; the time has come to bring this fight to an end by any
honorable means and v/ith all the strength at our command. In this critical
moment v/e are turning for help to you as one of Chicago's public-spirited
citizens. The cause needs your assistance right now.
"'i/on't you sign one of the enclosed cards? Fix the day to make your payment
to suit yourself. Hoping you v/ill sign the largest card, vie remain.
Sincerely yours,
(signed) E. J. Davis, superintendent
Chicago District."
I B 1 - 3 - GERMx:N
I D 1 a
I F 6 Abendpost, Jan. 4, 1919,
On the **largest card'* the subscriber promises to contribute one hundred dollars,
on the day he himself specifies, to the Special Campaign l?\ind of the .Jiti-Saloon
League of Illinois. The second card calls for fifty dollars and is v/hite, like
the first one; the third card calls for a payment of t\^enty-five dollars, ^:jid
is yellov;, appe.rently expressing the lov; esteem of the League for 3uch a stingy
contributor.
The above-quoted letter is interesting. Certain brewers were subjected to a
painful investigation by a committee of the United States Senate because they
dared to acquire a few newspapers in a perfectly honorable and legal mannert
and let them be managed by men v.ho were against the suppression of the brev/ers*
trade. All brevjers were suspected and slandered because they used every
possible legal means in an effort to combat the deliberate destruction of their
business and property; but nothing illegal could be proved against them except
the fact that they defended themselves as best they could against this injus-
tice, and that they attempted to prevent the unconstitutional confiscation of
their property.
'I W.P.A.
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iibendpost^ Jan. 4, 1919.
The public learned, thanrzs to the many "invest i£3ations" and publications, v;hat
the brev/ers spent their money on and v/hat means they employed in their struggle •
But the public has not yet learned i7hat the Anti-Saloon League does v/ith the
great amounts v/hich have been put at its disposal and v/hich it has collected
and spent. :,or do v/e ::now exactly -jhat means it used to assure majorities in
Congress and in the primaries and final elections. The general public has no
idea v/hy the Leaguers campaign is so expensive or v;hy it needs the money \vhich
it claims it must have and I'/hich it tries to obtain by circularizing an appeal
to ''public-spirited*' citizens.
It is difficult to see v/hy the League should still need so much laoney, for the
only thing left is the vote in the .^sser.bly. In the .^-Lssembly the r.aiority
decides, and the League claim.s to have v;on a m.njority in the election. But
it seems that the League does not feel too sure of that majority* Or miaybe it
does not q.uite trust the legislators from v/hom it obtained a Prohibition pledge.
It fears bribery, and it complains, at least in the case of one member (of the
legislature), of an atter.ipt at bribery, v;hich "is the principal v/eapon of the
lien, corrupt, and brutal brev;ing interests''. ('~^ WPi o
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rVLM
Abendpost , Jan* 4, 1919.
Since the brev7ers,in spite of the many recent public and secret investi£;"a-
tions have not been round ^milty of any bribery, and since, on the other
hand, it has not been made clear for v/hat purposes the League has spent the
sums put at its disposal, nor by v/hat means it gained the victory, it can
be said that the Lee.[^e is actinc very suspiciously in accusing its opponents
of bribery. "I jud^e others b^^ myself,'' says the proverb, and it is an old
trick of crooks to Loller ''Catch the thief," in order to divert attention.
The badly discredited brewing interests should learn the lesson the Leacue
has taught them. They should investigate the League thorovighly and fight any
attempts at bribery. Above all, they should immediately request, and if nec-
essary, compel, l.r. K. J. Davis to name the legislator v/ho allegedly was
offered five thousand dollars to vote in favor of the proposal that the voting
public be allov;ed to decide the question of ratification of the Prohibition
airiendment. That would probably show v/hich of the tv/o sides had attempted
bribery, and v/ould also reveal many other things.
I B 1 - 6 - QERI>lAdT
I D 1 a
I F 6 Abendpost, Jan. 4, 1919.
From a thorouch invest if:at ion v;e v;ould probably learn v/hy the League is so
Creatly opposed to a public vote on the I-rohibition amendment and v/hy such
a short delay would ''kill ratification''. Do the Prohibitionists fear the
vote of the returninc soldiers, or is it because they are not altogether
convinced of a popular Prohibitionist majority in Illinois? At any rate,
their anxiety about a delay reveals quite a lack of confidence in their cause
and shov;s their determination to force Prohibition on the people of Illinois
whether they v;ant it or not.
And all this is going on at a time when America is chaiipioning the right to
self-detenaination of all nations, great_jor small, and fighting for the dem-
ocratic ideal, V/e should not let this ^i.e., the undemocratic imposition of
Prohibition upon the people/ happen, at least not v;ithout making a determined
stand. The strategy for the fight is easy: Investigation! iJid the first
thing to investigate is the Prohibitionists' demand for money to com^bat bribery
I E 1
Abendpost , Oct. 51, 1918.
(ilditorial)
On \ove:r:ber o tbe :ioi2ens of Illin'^is have to elect a nc: state leriislatura
or assei.iblv.
Legislatura or asseir.bly electiDns are ar.v-.irs of -::reit i; •r)orta:ice for bne state
and 'or each inuividu^l citizen, for the citizen is o'lrt cf the SLate; the
state is lade u of the a^^g^e•:ate of its l-. ioizens.
This yearns le^i'-.islative election is just as inter'^jstin,--: and i^/oortant as t..is
yearns Con^ressi.;Lal elections.
The next Illinois otate Asseinoly, like the Cone;ress to be elected, will have
to deal \vith the tasl<. of reconstruction, .vhicli calls for the job of putting ^
I B 1 - 2 - GSRLAN
Abend cost, Oct. 51, 191 :.
the war industry back on a oeacetine basis and of easi g ohis :eriod of
transition fro . ;var to peace. In addition, uhe Fifty-first -Teneral i-i.sse:.ibly
of Illinois vvil^ have to vote on th : irohicition Ansndineno co Llie Constitu-
tion of the United Stites. It will deDend on those who become otate senators
and members of the Illinois House of Icepresentatives after Tuesday''' s election,
whether the iii.portant vote of the State of Illinuis is cast for or against
prohibition.
This vote iiay cither make all ^ijnerica 'Mry,^ or ijiy save this ^^reat republic
fro;a the )reposi.erous and degradinv^ injustice, the grave :..oral daiaare, and
the political rape of our deiarjcracy ?;nich prohibition will bring about.
Our fate will be decided oy :.'. e by-e of aen elected next Tuesday, -jhen we
c oose the representatives of the people (Senators and .-ouse ."'ejibers). If
a majority of Prohibit io::ists, unreliable jersor^s, weaklings, and moral
B 1
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.•>.bend-' oat, Get. 31, 1^13.
cov/ards are elected, then v;e will have otute orohibitioii, and the state v;ill
vote for nationjil Drohibioion; t' en oro-^.erty worth i.ianv .Tiiilions .:ill be "^
destroyed, thou.^jinds will lose tlieir jobs and i.ieans of livelihood, and
the el"Gizens v/ho drink a stein or oeer or a <-;lass of .viiie '/ith their dinner,
or in the o^p.pany of ri;ood friends, ifter a hurd day^s '-vork, .'ill then have
to be content v;ibh v; iter or resort oo illeg-il Tioonshin'^, which certaijily will
be nleiitifullv su^nlied. Hiirhtlv Lhev 'dn reel lil-.e schoolboys or like
peoole vdio ar^ out imder volice surveillance J/evi^ause tiiey don*t know ;vhat is
f?ood for theia and thev ca:anot oe trusted an^v^v.
Tiiat in itself •• ould be ^^ad en.U;'::h, but a pror. iationist victory in Illinois
'.vould mean .r.uch nore. It .voul.l moan the victory of injustice ind autocratic
intolerance arid fanaticjil and zealnu.^> i33.:)otisn. It voull also be an m-
,:loriou3 defeat of true derriocracy, strivi/.y afuer absolute jusoice, a de.;.o-
rucy v/hieh pro/iises, not Oiily to all nati -ns but also to all individuals —
r*
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Abend post, Oct. 31, 191-^..
within the limits of the conLion -.vell'are — -.he right to shape their Ovvn trie
and uode of living and to p:overn themselves, Iro^ ibition .vould idein an
abroi;ation of tha de:riOcracy of President ..ilson, .vhom alone v;e have to thank
that the countr;' has not boen ''blessed'' alreadv 'vith oro]. ibition by an act
of Congress. The people w. uld lose their faith in democracy; law and justice
would be scoffed at, and the door would be opened to legal anarcliy which
would not make for -^rosoerity. Fro:n national '>rolii .ition we could most
certainly ex-^ect an infamous corruption of tlie population with dire conseiueices,
and national ^ro::iJition v/ould becoiue a certainty if the Jifty- first Illinois
riGse:.ibly, the irie-nbers of w^iich are to ..)e elected next ''?uer-/d .y, voted for the
adoptio' of the i'rohibitio:. Amendnent ^o the United otates Constitution.
The injustice and damage of prohibition can only be averted if ail citizens —
whether they thenselves drink or not — are willia^; to :r^intain justice, per-
sonal liberty, and true democracy by favori.-g those candidates for the
le::islature who are knov;n to be avowed foes of -orohibition.
I B 1
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I K Abendpost, July 11, 1918,
GiSj!AK
JTs THT3 ITi^ Ti:'3 ':'qR/rUTI3ruiL PlMiIBITIO^:?
/pditorial/
While a nation at .7ar demands subjugation of wishes and interests of its loyal
and patriotic citizens^ the prohibition fanatics, sii:.ce the beginning of the
'.'/ar, have tried their utmost to make the conflict subservient to their aiins.
The importance of .7ar Tvas secondar3'' to prohibition in the opinion of these
fcmatics, also secondary to the national thought, and certainly above the great
national and human interests, which gava iiimetus to the conflict. Thej'' have
taken bold advantage of the situation, v;h ch necessitated Gv;ift Jar leridslation,
to further their ovm interests. The prohibition cli-^ue used its conte::iptible
tactics by fight inf.'; the raost inportant le:3islative ne-isures which were due for
in:raediate acceptance if the proposed prohibition law did not receive satis-
factory consideration. The Nation* s pri.r.ary need was, of course, disre^:a^ded
by the prohibition fanatics, who welcoried this opportunity to add more pressure
to the econoTiic situation of the country by forcing national prohibition upon
a t>eoT)le at «Var#
I B 1 - 2 - OaigvL^T
I a
I H Abendpost , July 11, 1913.
iVhile the (xovsrnment was encountered with a difficult problen, depending upon
the good, loyal citizens for its satisfactory solution, the advocatjrs
of prohibition, in unison with the eneniies of the .idministration, were making
the present their harvest tine. Thus it appears quite probable that the
Senate will pass the amendment .vhich will go into effect January 1, 1919.
Only the President's veto could save the Nation from the swindle of oppres-
sion by the prohibitionists, who parade under the false motto: "National
prohibition in the interest and because of v/ar." If the President vetoes
the bill, he incurs the eninity of the prohibition fanatics. On the other
hand, if the amendment is accepted, it will produce bad results economically,
as well as socially.
Tlie Senate's acceptance of the amendment would place the head of the Nation
in a very difficult position, because he could not display his ov;n sentiment
in regard to prohibition. The veto v;ould be certain, however, if the President
did not have to consider the V/ar situation, and the solution of many other
great problems. Nevertheless, there is still a possibility that the President
may save us from the injustice and s-wvindle of prohibition by vetoing the bill.
I B 1 GERMAN
II E 3
I H Abendpost , Feb. 12, 1916. ^
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CONDEMNS CABAREIS; SAYS THEY ARE THE MOST OBNO^LIOUS INSTITUTIOI^ U / ' ' V
OF THE CITY i\ND SHOULD BE SUPPRESSED K^^ "
V/itness before City Liquor Comniission Asks For Higher Tax on Beer
Trucks
A higher license for beer wagons, discontinuation of liquor sales in drug
stores and other places, as well as the elimination of cabarets, were advocated
yesterday by G. H. Wischiaann, representative of a wholesale liquor supply house
and legal luminary, who has passed the bar examination. The gentleman testified
before the City Commission on intoxicating beverages and gave the most damning
verdict on cabarets ever heard of in the City Hall. He advocated a merciless
subjugation, since these places not only undermine the social structure but
also are the cause of the feminine downfall, as far as the younger generation
is concerned. The supposition that the morals of yo\mg girls are definitely
shaken by indulging in distillery brands of various kinds, was particularly
I B 1 - 2 - GERMAN
II E 3
I H Abendpost , Feb, 12, 1916.
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emphasized by V/ischnann. He declared that the cabaret, v;ith its false i^ y^pf^
intriguing splendor, intoxicates the female of the specie just as much \%^
if not more so, as the spirituous liquids.
The cabaret, declared VJischraann with profound conviction, is the most nau-
seating and dangerous institution of our modem era. A young girl not only
imbibes to the point of inebriation during these cabaret performances, but
becomes even vastly more befuddled by the false glitter and gloss of her
environment. Thereafter a man may proceed with her as he pleases. The
cabarets do not even have a semblance of respectability. They should be
abolished. They do not benefit a community. It is the most detestable
and degrading proposition we have to deal with today, and never should
have been permitted to exist in our city. Cabarets should not serve al-
coholic drinks and saloons ought to refrain from giving such stage per-
formances. The cabarets ruin respectable places, make decent diversions
obsolete, damage our clubs, and undermine social conduct.
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Abendpost . Feb. 12, 1916
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GERMAN
Other reforms which Wischmann recommended would prohibit the sale of al-
coholic beverages in drug stores and other unrelated mercantile establishments.
He declared more whiskey is consumed in Chicago today than at any prior period.
The City Council should draft an ordinance making it unlawful to exhibit liquor
bottles in show windows. Then women will not be tempted to buy highly ornate
packages of cellar brew mixtures. According to Wischmann's opinion, every
beer wagon should pay a ;^1,000 license, since it is a saloon on wheels.
John W. Maskell, a saloon keeper, objected. He said that Krs. Potter Palmer,
a leader of Chicago society, controls the Palmer House, where liquor is sold,
and that about 75% of the profits accrue to her. Ettelson, City Corporation
Counsel, defended the cabarets, saying there are good and bad among them. He
was highly opposed to their critics, claiming that objectionable cabarets
should be brought to the attention of the Mayor. This virulence against all
of them gives the city a bad reputation.
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IJ E 3 Abondpost^ Feb. 4. 1916
Oil 1H3 :^T T. PROHIBITION
(Editorial)
Chicago will not find it necessnTy to decide :;t tho Sprirxg election, how
it intends to vote on the Prohiblti >n question. Tno "Drj'-s," or rather,
'^The ChicaPTO Dr:;- Federation^ did not succeed in obtaining the required*
nu.iber of signatures to make an issue of it. They gathered about -7,000
names, •-hereas 171,171 vjeve necessary to reach the goal.
According to existing lav/s, 2^ of the voters must si^n the petition, i.e.
registered voters of the last olection. .Is the "Dr3''s*» could not complete
the desired lists, regardless of persistent efforts for months, only about
u
Ulf: being available, -'e r.iu^r ..osur.ie tii .t the v.ajority of the popula-
tion ir;> not intero3tecI; and that the Prohibition party \;ill see the
futility of further efforts ^t presents Ji-iiultanoously, ..ith the
anncuncenent of its debacle Lhe 'l.ica :o i«'ederatioa -tates th:;t it
does not consider itaelf beaten, but is no'.. prepuriap for , r:.--ter onGlaurJits
in the lil7 .^prinr: coj^ipai^n* '2he j:5S0cia:<icn of cha -^^^ys*' ..eel res th-.t it
feels assured of success, because they already procured 12a, OuO si;;na::ure3,
ana that it v;ill be an easy nittor to find L-aothar 100, OaO, fho approach-
in;': election (.wpril) aill, presiu.iably, be a very a'eah affair ana not more
th.an 400,000 may vote*
This assuripticn i:; very Ic -ical an-i it i. indeed very prabable thc.t the
prohibition issue -..111 appear an the l.:17 ballots. It is ce""tain nov;,
that v;e c.an look fon/urd to a stron{^ a.:i;itution ^aid denauncor.ient of
alcoholic drinlzs and saloons durin^* the v:inter of l'^16-17. Possibly,
- 3 - GEmiAN
Abendpost > Feb, 4, 1916.
WP: :H
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the town may be dry. After all, retrospection shows a constant
grovrbh in the ranks of the anti-drink lea^e; and, whoever, has kept
his eyes open and his ears to the ground, must have observed that
even the liberal element t-^radually drifts tov/ards the desert, be-
cause of an ever increasing dissatisfaction v/ith the taverns and attending
evils.
Many othenvise absolutely liberally inclined citizens, e?:press the opinion
that Chicago is on the road to prohibition* It cannot be prevented if the
industry does not wield an iron-clad broom for a triorourh house-cleaning
job, and rid its premises of the criminal, and immoral element* It must re-
build its reputation, proclain respectability; honesty.
'^Rebuild"— today it is done only in isolated instances and because of
occasional pressure brouglit to bear. The large majority of saloon-keepers
and brewers like to be looked upon as respectable members of the community,
in so far as their friends are concerned. But as representatives of their
- 4 - GERI/xAN
Abend£Ost, Feb, 4, 1916.
calling, they have not gained public recognition. Their position
will be synon^nnous with infany when ex-convicts, confederates,
procurers and crooks can obtain saloon licenses with the knowledge
and consent of the beverage manufacturers or throurji their deliber-
ate intercession. As long as such conditions exist and continue, the danger
of prohibition is bound to grov; and ere long even "Chicago'' v/ill be dry.
The genuine friends of the brev/ing and allied interests demand that they
cleanse themselves, rectify their mistakes and disperse the unsavory, dan-
gerous element which surrounds them. Their enemies look on contentedly
as brevrers and saloon-keepers permit the overloading of the branch v/hereon
they sit— -until the rupture dethrones them.
13 1
Abendpost . Feb, 4, 1911.
TiLl CISviSTROUS i:n?XU^ITC3
G2RI.IWI
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The rtrec-ter the fBiluro of the prohibition fanatics to procure the necessary
petition si^nr^tures, the more '^uostionable becones their influence. Although
Chicsif^o her a votin^ li.9t of 450,000 elir-ible voters, the prohibitionists
failed to procure more than SO, 000 si,^n^tures, accordinr: to their own statement
(probably less), which Iiardly roprepents one fifteenth of the voting popu-
lation, 'hen secr-ecy '^as prc:.:iso'^ to then, nany persons si^^n ^i the docunent
against their ov;n conviction, succuribin^ cither to the -vishes of a chaming
friend of the vjeaker sex, or for business reasons. Sine: the publication of
the signed petition becai.ie a possibility, no person attaches his sip:n' ture to
the docu^nent first as an obli^in^T friend. Con8equ:^ntly, the real strength
of the "movement" had to be revealed. Considering that only one out of every
fifteen voters favors the legalized and highly ta::3d liquor business against
the illegal liquor trade, it is indeed astcnishing that the fearless press
of the world does not take a stronger stand against this cons'tant minority
TTiOvement.
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AbendpQgt. Feb. 4, 1911,
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GERMAN
<.-»
Although the small success of these fanatics is of no consequence, they do
some harm nevertheless • Tliere is no doubt that any worthy reform movement
would receive much more support if the quotation marks of the reformers
would not always assure themselves so prominently. That is a condition
found in every large city throughout the United States. Furthermore, it
is a well-known fact that reform imposers are undiscriminately men of no
scruples who would give their support to any politician of their particular
fancy. It is not at all unusual that the liberals are forced to support
a candidate not exactly to their liking* Thus the divided liberal votes
could in this instance be decisive in the success of the prohibitionists.
The Pharisees, the self-appointed guardians of the inner voice of their
fellow citizens, play an important part in the continuation of the undesirable
conditions in this city's administration, irrespective of their awareness of
the fact. Deception and prohibition lies spread by these fanatics are great
aids for corruption and lav/lessness, especially in rural districts. Nothing
reflects so much upon the character of the American Nation as prohibition does;
not even the greed for money equals this danger.
I B I
Ab3ndpost> Jan. 2b, 1911.
ONLY 10,000 ri;G].iJi.i^i:iS'r ^i^j^.:ix:.':j^ cbt..i::ei: t.ius i^ji
The revived prohibition ca;upaii-.;n o.' several v/eelcs aro to :.i&ke Chicaf;:o a dry
city after the spring election, v;ill apparently be dcoraed tc the same fate as
all the ca:apaif^s of lilce caracter before it. In order to voice the request
to proclaiiu ^hicaco dry, the petition laust bear 73,000 sifrjiatures. Notwith-
standing the Prohibitionists* ear:':erne3s, only 10,000 have si,^:ned the petition
up tc nov;. .^s the Loard of Election Joraraissioners re^^ue^tea to have the
petition delivered not late?- thr^n jebruary 4, it is no small task to >*et the
petition completed. LIuch lit;ht \.as throv.n upon the capability and strength of
the aOiti-^jaloon Lea^e and other fanaticil dry ar-'itators at a meeting last
night at ..illard Hall. It was decided to eliminate the repetition of sip:natures
in those loc:.ilities \.here the ac^eiits of the League resided, anc the f ollov inp
plan v;as consuiOiiated* Ihe problem ;;nich confrcntec^ the i rohibiticnists was the
repetition above alluded to, falsifications, mistakes and siir.ilar difricultj.es,
in districts ccaivas. ed by aj-ents.
T '^- T - P - / ^ iL- n * ^ 1 r'"'-"^" ' "M
Abendpost , Jan* SB, 1911.
This was to be chanrred ^md i.iore 'ittention to be ^iven to the heavily pop-
ulated sections and business centers. They conceived this idea in the
hope 1.0 obtain all the necessary sirnatures durin,; the period of six days.
Thus the Lea^:ue places itself in a position oii.iilar to that of twO years
ago, ;vhen at the re^^uest of the united Jocieties for Local oelf-roverni:;ent ,
the Board of -.lection JoiriMissioners rejected the petition on the rrounds of
innuir.erable falsifications of nairies and other irre jularities. ..j?. Jhields,
the superintendent of the ^jiti -..saloon Lea.^^e, v;ell av;are of the v/ealaiess of
his follov.ers, had to resort to nake-believe tactics. Thus, he related that
the election of the Lea,:ue's Speaker, .,jr* xitkino, has brought about the firm
establisluaent of the Zrys in the Legislature, and that the rinti-oaloon
Lea,^5ue would elect its executive ;rie:;ibers; also that all renuests,as well as all
demands of the liberal ele:.ients v.hich are opposed to local option, should be
submitted to the above board for adjudication.
^ I B I -3- (i^WPi oPSK.LlI
Abendpost , Jan. 2C, 1911.
lar. Shields for.^ot to ir.ention, of course, that the liberals will appoixit a
coiiLTdttee, v;hich v.ill recr've all the subject natter of the anti-saloon
advocatei^.
The i-.:reatly a^^itated convention of the Prohibitionisto came to a close
yesterday.
^urprisinc results have been obtained rit the final seiibion; nanely, the
convention condeinned the I'ational Joiuruittee of the party and requested its
memberrf to resign. Loud praise v.as paid to Ljp. ' . P. P. Perruson, pub-
lisher of the national --rohibiticnist, v;ho bitterly attacl:ed the party's
manageiaent in the .jtate of Illinois. Lrders v.ere also rjiven tliat the party
shall not indorse any candidate of another party durin^:; the coming election.
[
I B 1 GERMAN
III B 1
I F 3 Abendpost, Dec. 9, 1907#
I B 2
UNITED SOCIETIES FOH LOCAL SELF-GOV:b;RNI.ENT
A meeting was called by the United Society for Local Self Grovemment, to
establish the battle program for individual liberty. The propaganda made
in the south by the Prohibitionists not only ruins the existence of the
saloon-keepers and clubs associations, but menaces the activities of all
immigrants, especially the Gerinans. The great English press denounces
already all liberals as criminals. Mr. Nicholas Michel opened the well
attended meeting as chairman at the South Side Turner Hall.
I B 1 GERMAN
IPS
Illinois Staats-Zeitung, Jan. 29, 1901.
VICTORY OF THE DR^
City Council Prevents Adoption of Changes in Tavern Ordinance
by Snail IiSajority
After the present victory in the City Council, our local Drys will feel
more conceited and be more obnoxious than ever before.
All proposals to change the existing ordinance were met with rebuff at
yesterday's session of the City Council, with the result that matters
stand as heretofore, especially the clause which calls for the closing ' ' ^
of saloons from midnight until five o'clock in the morning. {> ^ : ^ \
saloon-Keepers ana owners wisning to Keep -one saxoons open oeyona "one V..,^,^''^
midnight hour, will have to gratify their longing clandestinely, as has
been the rule up to now.
Mayor Harrison's fear of the Drys is the cause of all this fuss.
I
I B 1 - 2 - GERMAN
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Illinois Staats-Zeitung, Jan. 29, 1901.
After the midnight ordinance's tranquil repose as a dead letter for
twenty-seven years, a fact which up to his third year of administration
had failed to disturb the itoyor*s slumber It suddenly occured to him
to demand its strict observance, and simultaneously he submitted a bill
of revocation to the City Council.
He believed the repeal would receive unanimous approval and that this move
would prove advantageous at the third mayoral election. But the scheme went
awry. He gave the Dry element a foothold whereby they became aware of their
power, and in the future they are apt to provide greater difficulties for
the tavern owners.
Alderman Foreman advocated the adoption of the majority report of the
Committee on Legal Matters, in which not a word was said about revoking \ ^
the midnight ordinance, and Alderman Novak (10th V/ard) made a motion
that the minority findings be q^ccepted. To the latter document, in
\o '•'
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I B 1 - 3 - GERMAN
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Illinois Staats^Zeltung, Jan. 29, 1901.
which a recall of the twelve o'clock closing hour was taken for granted,
Alderman Brennan (12th ^Vard) added the specific ainendinent that the midnight
ordinance should be abolished. The question developed into a two-hour debate,
in which Novak (10th V.'ard), Smulski, Brennan (12th Ward), Brenner, Carey, and
Eisfeldt voted for repeal of the ordinance, and aldermen Mavor, Nelson, Foreman,
Jackson, Badenoch, and Rector against revocation. VHien, at long last, a vote
decided the issue, it brought the following results: The aiaendment to the
minority report which provides for a peremptory recall of the midnight closing
ordinance was defeated by a ratio of 35 to 33.
Several aldermen who voted for the amendment, i. e., to recall the midnight
closing ordinance, voted against the majority report because they considered •
that its provisions, v;hereby dissolute women were to be controlled, are un- ^^
enforceable.
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(Vl^'JI
Illinois otaats-' .eitun.';^, Jan. 19, 1901 •
bc:r as .^ BT7:i^a.":
Gliica.'^o ^rev'ers • reduce Boer of
Excellent ,uality
Durin-; a recent session of the Illinois ::anufactur3r3 Association,
Charles A. V/acker, v/ell-Icnovni f^ iica:^o l>rov;er, doclarecl that beer is a
drink v/hic i pronotes :ioderatioi:. This is readily proven by the fact
that man: ioreip:n ^^ov3rnii3nts try to dininish the consuiT^tion of
strong alcoholic bovera.-.es by Ivinn; full suT:)"3ort to bear and the
nilder stiiTdlant ■ , such as li^ht v;ines, etc. Jid if, vje conpare
Cxjrnany, -n^-^land, and the Acandin^^ivian countries, v^hich re^^ard beer
as a univeroGl '.rinl:, vrith other nations, ther the assertion about
the healt .ful properties of b:Arle:- brev; a''')pGars ratrier convincin,c;«
The brev/inr: industry'- undoubtedly has a ;^eat future in this country,
and Cliicago ma: look v;ith satisfaction to cur devolopments in this
^'',
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t_ ^^ X^ '
Illinois 3taatG~ iBitun^, Jan. 10, 1201.
line, as v:a are dGstinod to becono leaders. Talt "oroducts like **rale
lerfecto' r:!:d the -'Ulriior ::alz'^ ^:.:alt of Uln, a district/ oT the .aclcer
and 3irk Brev'in;: Co.apany, :nd the oxcellcnt ": alt ' 'arrow'* of Lhe
y.a-xvoy Brev:in^ Oo:ipany, ?Lve quality products .rhic:! build a reputation
for t 3Mselves '^nc. the cit c:? trieir ori-^in. .-^vS people becone co:'ivinc3d
that beer \':her. properl;: used is a health-'Uvin^* drink, the deiiand for
the pure article, suc:i as the above brands, -..'ill shov; a constant increase.
(
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I F 4
Illirxcis Jtaats-Zeitim.'^> Jan. 19,1901.
littl:.: iiitiJi^jt
.iJiti-Vice iropa'*anda A parently Does h'ot
Faze Saloon-Keepers
aiR:.i\iT
-4 /
Only 200 tav rn o'mers aotsnded uh.- aeetin-^ at ^5rand's lall. Several
spealcers discussed Llie proble. . and defended their callinr*, clairaing
that salcon-keepers are better and iiore useful citizens than the Drys,
that thev ■r:)av the hirrhest taxes, and that thev intend to be heard
saould present ordinances be chan'-^od. !!a:;or ::arrison*s tavern bill
v;as endorsed and a coronittee v/ill confer v;ith hiri. Thus far the Sunday
Question has not been officiall' considered bv the Tavern-kee"oers
.Uliance.
The Liass-meeting of the Liquor-Dealers Jtate protective Association of
Illinois, called at the instigation of the ^Tirst district officials, at
Brand's Hall, corner Clark and Jrie Jtreets, v;as not as v/ell attended,
I B 1 - 2 - T^R!-IAi:
I ^" 4
Illinois Jtu.ts-Ieitun.^, Tan. 19, 1901. !'-■^,^'^^f o
nor did it proceed as enthusiast icail^/, as ni-^ht have been expected.
.-tltogether tiiere were about 200 tavern-keepers present, ni^-.^tly Gerriians,
when ?• L, V/odack called the meeting to order, ^.e declarer that the
present question, v/;iic:i originated -i-ain fror; the dry ele::ient and
fanatics, required an ansv/er. The saloon-keepers, v/ho contribute so
much to the City and Governi.ient , also have the rip;ht to be heard v:hen
chanrres are beinr": conteiaolated o/iat na^^ affect their business.
I.essrs. M. 3. Harris, .lU'-ust . ette, Joe c;rein and Ihilip Koehler held
lengthy speeches and asserted that most saloon-keepers have .aore
di-^nity ana honor and are undoubtedly better citizens than the Drys
\rao re::sard •^he taverns as a public nuisance. Cvery resoecLable
tavern ovmer endeavors to obey the la-.v, althoup^h at times he is
beset v:ith considerable cifficulties. I'ov instance, it is ;vell-nigh
I B 1
GI^.L\II
l^
Illinois otaats- eitunf:, Jan. 19, 1901. /^ ..i^h r j
iiupossible to avvcid ler;al traps, such as the statute v/hich prohibitj the
sale o± intoxicants to chronic inebriates, /aid the lav; considers an^^
liian a drunkard v;ho has been intoxicated four or five tiraes v;ithin one
or tv/o years, a condition which is not readily discernible by looking at
a person.
It was emphasiz d that the ciV: ordiminces v;ere succes ful in abolishing
so-called vice dens, for v;hich no bona fide saloon-keeper could object.
The lav; is restrictive. Cnly persons ..Ith una_uestionable reputations
can secure licenses. -:o'/ever, if it is proved subsequently that a saloon
becomes the laeeting place of a disorderly element, tiien the permit shall
be revoked. :.a:/or '.larrison can, v;ithin a fev; ininutes, affix his sippiature
to dozens of cancellation orders. It v;as a mistake that the booze joints
v/hich 7;ere open throu.-^hout the entire ni/^ht, v;ere not closed lon^^ ago.
There v;ere about fifty such places and their existence has been detriniental
to the other five or six thousand. All ordinances v;hich affect taverns
A
I B 1 - 4 - a:'H:.L^N
Illinois Jta-.ts- .eitunr-, Jan. 19, 1901. \c '
should be impartial .3^ enforced.
The speakers stressed one point in particular, exhort in^^ all tavern o;.Tiers
to become affiliated v/ith their respective or^^anizations, as only thereby
v;ill they be able to properly defend tiieir cause.
The Sunday question .as not .:iven official recognition, and the mdnii^ht
closin-: ordinance received onl: casual attention. Tha ^entlenen x\rere
content to accept a resolution by Joe '^rein, v;herein :'.ayor .:arrison*s
proposed ordinance rneets v;ith .^eneral a-'proval. The chairman appointed
a comraittee ;Mich v;ill visit .:ayor .."arrison, at ten O'clock onday
mornin.'?:, to confei* on the nev; rules. ''h^^ results of Lh^ conference v;ill
be subiiiitted to t-ie executive oard of the oaloon-I-eepers -alliance.
ri. mass lii.oting has been announced for Sunday evening: in /.ustin.
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I F 4
Illinois ltaat3-.:eitunr, Jan. 18, 1901,
TKi: D?^^^ 3U1DAY
Prohibitionists "I?ads 3v:ollen; :'ayor Harrison* s
Fault
"^is unxvarrantea conplaiscnco encouraged ?rank [all to insist upon
enforcement of tiie Sunda:' la\vs. i otter j aln r, ovmer of the Palmer
House, must Day a twenty-aollar fine :.n costs, bec.-iuse he failed
to heed the Sunday closin : lav;. Hall threatens to have all saloon
iceeT)ers arrested if thoir taverns are open for business next
Sunday. Today's inass meeting of tavern o'-.Tiors, at :>rand's Hall,
may be of f^reat significance, as it affects t'i3ir future in this
city.
Mayor -larrison concocted a nice mess for the taV'^rns. His sub-
servience to **?.ev.*' i^Yanl-; Hall Quotation narks appear as indicated,
*
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10 r*"^'*^'' ' ' "^""^
^ *^ ■" vjr .._ 1.. ^ i„ .
I F 4
Illinois :jta:.tS" leitunp-,. Jan. 18, 1?C1.
TranslatorT", of babblin^ nusic iiall f uie, Giicour:; -ea tlis latter, Hall,
it v;ill b . re:.r-j..ib::red, s-^cured a subpoena a'^ainst "i otter Palmer, because
the hotel DroDrietor rerMitted an infraction of the State's Sundav Closinr^
Statute on January 6, Liquor v/as sold on the ^'koIv Tliree i:in-?s :3ay,'* and
yesterday the cv.S'^ /as ar :uea before Justice of the ' eace ..Verett , v;ho
asocssed a tv/enty-dollar fine and nine dollars 3i::ty-five cents in costs
a-^ainst tho defendant, j'rani: 'Tall v;as so elated that he threatened to
have all Malefactors arrested and brcu:^ht into court on l.onday .^ornir.^.
Corporation Counsel .alkjr, in coiitientin^' en the case, said; '^There
is no reason .;riy th^ lav/ should not b-) enforced. It -las al'mys been
regarded as sufficient to crav: the shades of vjincov/s and not to keep
the doors o"oen. That is hunbu^^ The la:w' prohiDits the sale of liquor
on .iundays. It de-^-enus upon the incuiibent administration just to vjhat
extent the statute is to be enforced. 'lere in Chica^^o no particular
zeal has bee . sho;7n at any time. V/e have a trenendous ?rerman population.
/;
I-> •» ./ ry -try* j ■ >t
I J' 4
Illinois Staats- /.jtun-^, Jan. 18, 1901
^eriaans lik3 to brin.^; t/.oir farii'.ies t. sons rospe stable T^lace on Sunday
aftern.ons, ::her-3 the^-^ can en1ov a ".lass of be:r ixna -^'ood music, lut
tl'i'^ lav; is not. concerned \*it:i that; -hut is aT)Dlicable to one annlies
to all. -Jverett is only a Jur,tice of t}is leace; an appeal against jiis
verdict v/ould hav2 tr bo entered in the Jri dual Jourt."
I'ayor Harrison v/as not at his ofl'ice v;hen the dan:^:r of C':i carols
iiiipenccines dryness beca-Me la.ovni. 1 olice c'.iief M-;)ley refused to comment
on Jverett^s decision v; en qu^^stioned by rev>orters. lie said, '^I aiTi not
intorestec. in the opinions of justices of the '^oaceT'
ifrank hall intends to ..ire t ;3lve dateatives next ^Sunray to help him
secure evidence.
A co.i'nittee froii the ISth .ard v;ill see the ::ayor.
/
I H 1 - 4 - (y^^-^ir
I F 4
Illinois otaats- eitun^^, Jan. 18, 1901.
The German "cavern keepers must net fail to b3 nt their scheouled iiass
meeting tiis afternoon, at Ivr-^nd's TIall, ax. tv;o o'clock, 'ihe resolutions
.:ia: iiavo a far reacliin:- ef:'oct upon taoir business. If th-. saloons are
closed on Sundays, th-^n the tavsrn ovniers are confronted -/ith a diminution
of not l3ss than fifty busin z^ss days, v.lthout a corresnoncin^ reduction
in lie Tioe fe -s.
'O* 4^
I B 1 f*f!PA^? flEHMAM
DIE ABBHUPOST. December 11th, 1895. ^.->'^
i\GAlNST ALCOHOLISM
jJLccordlng to the standpoint of noted physicians, humanity never will do away complete-
ly with alcohol and certain kinds of liquids or solutions, containing a i:>ercentage of
edcohol* Host medicines to-*day could not he manufactured without the additional
alcohol.
On the other hand, we do not believe in prohibition-laws, forbidding the use of
wine, beer and liquor by human beings. The sale of alcohol or any drinks, containing
alcohol, should be controlled or regulated by law, but not eliminated as it is the
heart's desire of our dry fanatics*
There are and always will be drunkards- with prohibition or no prohibition*, and
the use of drinks, containing alcohol, always will de'^nd ofi man's commonsense,
which can be learned only by patient teaching of selfcontrol in human habits*
L?. i
I c
/^>TQ 'A^r
i:jc:
Pi i A^eacVp?3t, June £, 1^94,
"■ ?t
\ ;
^^
m
s^:p:^^\:•:CE a::d ..'cl-RATION
T
atstir.ence.
'He-iperc-nce Societies dc n-t prc-.-h T.oderr.tion "but citsolute
If t]iese Atstinence-fc-n.-tic^ coald make the lr';'.vs, they T'-al;'! rariish
the \.'-ie • f anythinr, contalninr;; lalcohol, as ii severe jrinve^
any of its hypocritical doctrines* Sx^erlence has tr^i-7;ht th-it le-r-alized
ternp^r-'^nce h.'^.s ^i.^cle drunkardSi criminals a**.' hopeless hy^pccrites cut
O ^ • 'f^ • .' ;v i. rJ #
les
I £ 1
III C
I K Die Alendpcst, ^ct. 2o, 1890.
g^h: .AN
/oi\LC.0rI3 i. UST GO/ ^
Under this title, ^he super-te:..perc.:ice ftn&tic end old spinster, Frances ^,
V/illard, no.s written v pcem whi^h v/r.s set re L.usi'', by T. J. Kimbe.ll ond
will be sung by ir.cusands cf ohile^ren v.t the uedioi^.ticn of the Teri.perance
Tenple en ncvei:.ber 1.
Tliis buildin; v.'ill -jost :ver c. ...illion cellars :. d is ic^i-ted at tne
corner of La Salle i>nd ] ciii'ce. It will be the headquarters cf the **'Vcman's
Christian Ten;)^rcrLce Union.*^
I B 1
GEHl/AJI
Chicagoer Artelter-Zeitung, Jan 9, 1389.
G3K»IAi;S AS APOSTLES OF HOLY JOHN OF KANSAS .
A society of fellow Germans was founded yesterday afternoon in the
"beautiful garden city of Chicago. The aims of this society will be
to hire pious recruits for the faithful ?rniy of the drys. These good-
natured reformers and sone of the rough and simple German Michael realize
that thB world is in a "bad condition and they will try therefore to hring
back humanity, especially thirsty humanity, to the natural health- springs
of Mother Earth.
It is a classical idea and we congratulate these sincere water apostles
for their laudable efforts and wish them the best of luck now that they
start \Lnder the new name of the National German- American Prohibition
League .
Therefore, good luck, once more, to such an important undertaking. May
God bless you, you dear German fellow-countrymenl
I B 1 g:iK.:am
I c .-■
Illinois Staats ^eitung, Jan • 9 , 1889 • •; ;
s
V ^
\ ' f
«
A nev; society under the name of the "National Ger.ii'jin .jneric-m Prohibition
League^ v;as founded yesterday by our Ceri'ian tenperance fanatics • The
**noble" aim of this society Is to employ all possible means for the en-
forcement of prohibition. Yesterday's laeeting was called in order to
organize, but if we could arrive at conclusions, jud;^:inc by the size of
the attendance, the life of the newly formed society is as rood as doomed.
The stand of the Germans on the question of prohibition is well known and
only a day drejimer or a cold water apostle could hope for success. There
were hardly enough persons present to appoint the necessary oi'ficers.
-n-fter they had satisfied themselves recitin^^^ many empty phrases, the follow-
ing officers were elected: Henry Ricke, President; B. •-.. Eisener, ?Jheaton,
Illinois, and J. H. l\'itz, St. Joseph, Michigan, Vice-Presidents; J. H.
Heissman, Liadison, V/isconsin, Secretary and K. G. Schultz, Elgin, Illinois,
Treasurer.
I B 1
I II Caicagoer .g-beiter ^eitung, July 28, 1888. ±.:^^-^^ 1^:1 %^i o
13 2 ^'V 'h^^j
/tee T:2.iP3n;a:ci: jr^uoiU' '^^ '" '
<'
Cur sc'-indiDoint in re--rd to the t nnerance question Ig knov;n co our readers.
\s*anv -oor-on 'i.h reason v;e v/o;iid v;elco. e the posGiiilicy of abolish! -^5^
drunl^emiess, but v;e object to :rohibioi::n.
In our o-3_ni-n t^- e only renedy a- innt -r -nheiJiers is in ^-ettinr^ rid of its
causes/ ooor nouri3hi::eirt , wron- Gduca'.ion, .-o-^estic troubiec, and ^uarrels
orir-inatinr Liostly oun oi financial con'i^ions and 30 on.
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Illinois Stsiats ZeitunK^ June 21, 1888.
GSRIIAK LUTICRAN AfJD PROHIBITION.
Even the more strict lumbers of the German-Lutherans will have nothing to '5d with
prohibition* The recent conferences of different synods have demonstrated this
attitude. The synod accepted a resolution which is, basically, a definite stand
against political prohibition, and contains the following statements; *^/e as a
church can not participate in the present ecclesiastic political temperance
movement, because it does not discriminate between secular and ecclesiastical
administration, but mixes them together. It is the duty of the secular govern-
ment to prevent vice v/ith lav/ful means, but it is the duty of the church to save
men by faith in Christ from committing sin^ However, there is another reason
why the church does not identify itself with prohibition. The prohibition
movement does not discriirinate betv/een proper use and abuse of the gifts of God.
No gift of God can be condemned as such, but it is the abuse and misuse which
is wrong and leads to corruption.'*
The differentiation between moderate Ube and misuse is made very plain, and this
is in accord with Luther's teachings who condemned drunkeness, but recommended
the reasonable use of beer and wine.
^.^
I B 1 GERMAN
II A 2
I C Chicagoer Arbeiter Zeitim^, Mar. 4, 1884:.
IV
SALOON ICSErSRS CONVEl^T^ION
A No License Movement
♦•In the Nordseite Turner Hall, the oft mentioned convention of the saloon-
keepers, took place yesterday, for the purpose of starting an anti-Harper-
lav/ movement. Peter Hansborough called the Convention to order and proposed
the election of Peter Hand as President and August Timm as Secretary.
The convention accepted the nomination. A proposal to exclude reporters was
rejected. Upon Mr. Hansborou^h^s recommendation, the following were elected
Vice Presidents:- Conrad Seipp, Frank O'Neill, E. D. Besley, Peter Schoenhofen,
G. H. Geer, Charles Desmehy, John S. Cooke, Axagust Mette, Thomas Hennessy, Louis
Sievers and F. Lange.
While the committee retired to check on the credentials, Mr. Mc Keough the
counsel of the English Saloon-keepers Association held a long speech, v/hich
was mainly directed against Joe Medill and A. C. Hesing.
These men called him a shyster lawyer in their nev;spaper and accused him of dis-
I.*
I B 1 - 2 - Gi-ELAIJ
II A 2
T c Chicp.yer Arbeit er Zei tun^. Liar oh 4, lEc4.
I V
rcw^pect Ci the Ib.xu He intended to "brinr;; o. dai.X-;^e suit against the Crerir.DH
paper.
iiis past cculd be fi^vcrably ocir._)0.red v;it:i t^xse cf his accusers, neither he, ■>'
iicr the salccnkeepers i3re disre.^ardin^; the lav;, but they ccnsider it trieir duty
tc fi^^ht a-^ainst a liAi \;i^icii has been obtained trj?cu,-^h Liisrepi-esentaticn* The
iio.rper 1 w is an unjust oppression cf a lerjitiiote business. The decision of
the Supre::.e Court does not sr^.tisfy ;iin, it fails to ^^isv/er all questions per-
tainin';;; to the i.i?- ttor. He v/culc like tc imovr, v.r.ether t^iere is a law which says
tiit.t beer and ale manufacturers only, are usin^; laalt. As far bs he Icnows, they
use i.alt also in making all kinds cf spirituous liqucrs.
He clains t;ie state -ijs no ri:'ht tc Interfere in ":t e licensin;-" cf the business,
which is t;ie sole ri^:it cf cci.j.iUnities» ~
lueonwhile tne ^cnittee w:.ich e ai/dned t-ie credentials returned end reported
tliat the Chicago Liquor Lealers Association, was entitled to 46 E'ele:;:stes, the
I B 1 - o - G'-RIJ^
TOT"
I C Cliica'-oer .^rteiter Zeitun^, ^-arch 4, 1584.
I V
north Side se.lociiiief^pers to 17, tlicse cf ti.e ".est Side to 15, thie South Side
to 19 end the Eohei..i8.ns to o, a total cf 97 Lele -rites.
Hot represented were the eld Chicarro oalcon-keepers Assccieticn, the Irev/ers
Association r.nd the V,'hcles«le Liqi^cr Lealers Aoscciaticn.
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GSPJuAII
C-ii'so'^cer .'.ri^eiter 2eitun~, le^. lii, 1584.
THE T2i;p:RiU-!Gg Cv.::TRtv::p.ciY
The German be-r end whisk^^ paper^i in t*iis country -^culd net icrbear I'rcLi dis-
^racin^ the ueiicry cT c crave r.ujn a. en;; rhe "prm^ins in /jnerica, eccusin-^. him cf
beinf^ a "fanatical Teiuporeu^ce rdvccate i.nd a orac;:ed h;^7)oorite" • The r.cn cf
v/hcn vie speal: is tl.e lote './endell ?;;illi.ps« ly accide.it v/e -ret pesae-sicn cf cne
cf his speeches, in v; ;ich he tcuches en tne teL:porcj:ice q- ^sticn» 'Ve repeat v;hat
ho says J "I a.;, a fcllci:er cf the terx^erance ...cvement. I ad.:ered for 40 yecrs tc
the principles cf u.cderrticn, v':iich I ccnsider tl:e Lest teacher cf life.'* Ser^e
is the ta.sis cf self denial and self deteri-ination.
Inijuo deration is cne reason cf pcv^ri:y, but tnere is e^ict.er side tc it, too.
Poverty is tne cause cf iirj.cderaticn, drunl:ennes6l Ccjripel a luon tc work 14
hcurs a day and ycu de"-rade hir. to t e life ef an aniraal. Ycu destroy his
highest Ciubitions, jade his taste, kill his spirit I Ycu nake en s.utciaatic
tool cf ni..., v;lic slaves 14 hours a day. If Uucn^^ 100, one thrcu^^h an iron will
and resistance renains a i^an, it is a fuct that 99 r.re 1 ^st under t:.e pressure cf
conditions.
GEir'/IJ
T c ' Chic^tper_< rboJU^r^^iPj-t.^ iob. 1?, ISO/".
our ror. an now'u coot^aca-. and b. or drinJcerr:. ;;hos0 highest Ideal tlie saloon
?^resou?^.^U3t natvxrally connidor .uch vie.;, and expressions as -cra.y''.
Tliii^ '^-^ havo to rulirdt.
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Chlcagoer Arte iter Zeitung, Friday, August 2^^, 1885.
GERMAN TEMPERANCE MEETING.
In Lake Bluff, the Rendezvous of "cranks" of the most varied coloring
yesterday a meeting of German Diys was held or rather it should have l)een
held. It was a nitiful fiasco, aside from a few ministers and crazy women,
the latter in deference to the holy gospel » having left their hushands at home
in order to follow a far younger Reverend^ Nobody at)'Deared. The first
speaker was the editor of a small church naper, The Pioneer (Der BahnBrecher)-
"Prof." J. A. Schintz. The burden of his jeremiad was that the Germans had
quite enough money to invest daily in some beer and liquor, but for the
"Pioneer" they have nothing, nothing to sT)are,
On the "orogram we noticed first the far from unknown name of Pastor Schiele
of the Trinity Church, After a few inquiries the retyorter learned, that
the Pastor probably would not speak because being much addicted to guzzling
himself, he would make himself more than ridiciilous by a tonperance speech*
GERMAN
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I J Chicagoer Arbeit er Zeitung^ Sspteiriber 1, 1882»
MEETING ON THE NCBTPfA^EST SIDE.
The Socialists of the Northwest- side held their regular meeting last night at
Futzhorn*s Hall. Comrade Pollmacher was the I'irgt speaker of the evening and pointed
out, that the 31st of August was the anniversary of the death of i*erdinand Lasalld^
one of the greatest c ciiibat ?.nt s for the cause of hume-nity. At the close oi his speech,
all those present honored Las&alle's merr.ory with a Hoch for the dead leader and
thinker.
Comrade -August Spies followed Pollmacher on the speaker's plat fern • His subject was:
**The Temperance question". He spoke of the Puritan history and pointed out the
source of the original Temperance movement and of the obsteniousness of the Church,
which later on was added to its dozmas, end how one of the measures adopted by the
administrators of the foricer -English colonies became one of the corner stones of the
Puritan Church.
He spoke then on Temperance at the present day, saying, that it should not be for
Socialists to decide whether the effects from alcoholic beverages were good or not»
The question is one of principle. If we were to allow the majority to dictate
1 ^; n.r.h.
^li
ChicaRoer Arbeit er Zeitun^% September 1, 1882 •
to the minority what they should drink, tomorrow or the day after they would claim
the right to dictate what they should think. Religious fanaticism would iiave a free
rein, and an initial success would only spur it on to greater demands* Religious
freedom would soon be ended; one coercive law would follow the other, etc*
A resolution was accepted, in which the reactionary agitation for temperance and
bigotry were condemned, and vows made for a fight against the fanatics and enemies
of freedom.
I B 1
II A 2
I C
Chlcagoer Artelter Zeltung. July 19th, 1S82.
^District Convention of Dealers in Liqudrs*"
The Innkeepers of this district, which includes Cook County, Tuet, this morning,
at the Northside Tumhalle, for their annual convention. Mr. George opened the
convention and read a report to the effect that the Society has a memhership list of
326, of which lUO have Joined the Union since last year.
He further stated with satiif action; that the Xnglish Innkeepers^ lately joined
our organization, As for the question of Temperance, it irDuld seem necessary to join
the party, which pledges itself to actively fight the temperance movement.
The factory owners and wholesale dealers were criticised for their indifference
toward the activities of the organisation, although, they are the ones who would
suffer the most under the proposed temperance law. The sums of money they donated
were appreciated, hut we need their undivided moral and personal support*
pAfffl ?,
-* • *
Chlcagoer Arbelter Zeltung^ July 19th, 1882<
GERMAN
llr« George was elected President, and the Treasurer gave the report on finances*
For the Inspection of mandates Messrs* A. Miller, P. Miller and Hanehurg, were
appointed and within ten minutes a report was made that Uo delegates had been
present* The next point of discussion was the permanent organisation* Adolf Mille
was appointed President and Frank Adams, Secretary*
I
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Illinois Staats-Zeitunfi, Apr. 25, 1881 •
/' K
THC AJERICill W:'BU3 TiH G^^I^ T2!T7RI\1^G^ IXTT^rarT
It is an interesting coincidence that while the temperance movement has attained
its hei^^ht in this country, Gr^rmany is experiencing a similar movement, although
the objective is sonev/hat different. The German {=;overnment has submitted to
Parliam 3nt a bill for the eradication of drunkenness. The eld saying, '^although
two persons perform the same thing, it .Tbill is not t e same,'* can be oroperly
ap:)lied in the case of the /-unerican and G-erman temperance movements. The
American temperance fanatics ^;^o so far that in order to curb drunkenness they
demand the discontinuance of the sale of intoxicants. Here the drunkard is not
as much condemned as is the individual se lin^^ the liquor. In this country,
they not only aim to teach mcd-Tation in the indulgence of liquor, but are not
satisfied with anything less than the enforcement of absolute temperance •
The liquor question in Germany is of a different nature altb^^ether. Although
the movement a.2:ain3t misuse of into^.icants is the bone of contention, the fight
V.
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- 2 - a^LIAIT
\
Illinois 3ta .ts-Z9itung> Apr. 35, 1881
\
ho.vever, is not directed a(7:ainst the distribution and sale of intoxicants.
Thus, the liquor merchant is not held responsible for this evil, but t^-ie
individual himself, who is tho v/iilin?: victim.
The bill submitted to Parliament is spe jific on this point, demandin.f^ punish-
ment for disord^.rly conduct -vhil^ under the influence of liquor. The bill
also requBsts th .t the lav/ a.^ainst drunkenness should be intensified instead
of looked upon as a mi ti native cause, as v;as dene in the T)a3t.
This clause of the bill is hir-hly commendable. The law against disorderly con-'
duct v;hile intoxicated v/as misused in Germany to the same extent as the acquittal
^ of persons in conflict v;ith the law is misused here on the pretext of temporary
'^^-^ental derangement. I.Iurderers and oth3r criminals drink excessively before
cWmitting t eir crimes. They do not drink to f^-et courage but rather to protect
- 3 - aZR!.{A:M
Illinois Staats-Zeitung, Apr. 25, 1881. .. o'^
P.'\.
theniselves against the law. '7ne fact th:;t the mental condition of the defendant
at the time of the crime plays an iMportant part .-.t the trial. The criminal
takes refuf^e in drinkinf^ in order to defy the law. A reform for the protection
of society is badly n.eded.
•
neither the spirit nor th tendency of the temperance movement in Germany can
be compared to the temperance movement in iiinerica. Nevertheless, the American
temperance fanatics contend that the principal cause for the movement is the
same in both countries. The Cincinnati Gazette made a false statement that
Germany is ccntemplating the adoption of temperance laws of the saiiie intensity
as those to which the Germans of this country are so strongly opposed. Despite
this error, it v/ill provide the temperance aposoles of this coiintry a welcome
subject for argument.
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There i.: also another K)int to be considered, nanoly, thit '^isiaarck i ; v/asoin'^;
his erfort.j on tho introduction of ;:. national be-^r tax a.:^ the iieans of a splendid
revenue. ii.iT^o.'.in^: a ta : on an article of 'j:oneral consunption is considered by the
Oerraans as an act of lio^tilitv a-^iinat thc:r.. ":isiarc}:, obviou^lv unbekno-.m to
himself, becarr.e a foe or be -r, transferrin* hi: frirmdly altitude to heavier
intoxicants. If this ::)re a caj for th3 Jinrican hnister of Finance to handle,
the si iplicity of it vould h^ astoni iin^% .'hisliey, the favcrite 'jnnrican drink,
i-i taxed -300 per cent of the orir-ir.a;'. co:3t, '..'hile bo^^r, in contrai^t, i;- ta'ced
only V7ith fifteen nercent of the ori Inal price, .i nhrev;d ninister of finance
in 'rorraany .:ould incre^2 "^ the tax on be.ir, v.-ailo diminisiiinr^ the tax on linuor,
ifut it is neither understancable nor excucable --lit .^-isnarck, in order to be
succosoful in his plans, iiiniaizes "Ohe inno tance of beer, of uhich ho has
consul:! ^a p,allon^ in \A ■> Cay, ana oiorifies the abo.:iina'...le product dorived from
aotatoes.
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II B 2 d (1)
II A 2
I p 3 Illinois Staats-ZeitiinCf Apr. 16, 1881 •
I H
TEE 01110.1.00 T.iTSI^T KE3P2RS' SOCII^TY
The Tavern-Keepers* Society held a meeting yesterday at the Vorwaerts Turn
Hall at which the last city elections v/ere acain a subject of discussion^
Itflr* Baum regretted that roost of the nev/spapers and public speakers proceed-
ed with their attacks in a manner v;hich v/ould be regarded improper at any
other but election tine. He was vexed still more at the indifferent stand
taken by the Journal of FreedoLi and Right, the organ of the innkeepers.
This newspaper neglected its sacrod duty, in the eyes of llr. Baura, else it
could not have suffered the slur accusing them (the tavern owners) of being
concerned only v.ith their ov/n c^in, according to a statement appearing in'
the ^taats-Zeitungs x^pril 4th,
• • • •
The tavern owners seem to misinterpret the stand of this newspaper and that
of the German people* The battle for freedom fron temperance is by no means
carried on just to aid the tavern keepers in their dilemma. Temperance is .
, >-: IT" , TT
Illinois 5taats-Zeitung, .-.pr. 16, IcSl.
not largely a quebtion of concern for the inn.^:ee])ers but rather a question
of individual freecorri. To laa^ce this freedom certain is the Ger..an*s t^oal,
althcugh public decorua shall be preserved under all oircu.;istances. Ihis is
the de:iana of the Ger ..an people — not to aid tL^Vcrn keepers--but for their
ov-Ti satisfaction. It v.ould be ^^ell for the saloonkeepers to co.iie out of
their tr^.nce — they v-ho frov.n upon hurd labor and prefer to "raake a living"
by gratifying the thirst of othc^rs — thus recarcing thenselves great public
benef-ctors.
..X. .Aieller v;as then recuesteu to aave the article unc.er discusaion read once
;:.ore, to a larger as^ie .^ly, .^t this point ..j?. ^^dolph Georr counted the
speakers* platfor.:i saying that under exic^oing circu^iatances it v.ould be
proper to reaue..t the co-iiittee for justice to advise „j:-, ^chuster, the
publisher of jYeedOii and Right, to cnange his tactics at future t;lections.
^Airther-.iore , ..x, Georg said it v;as absurd of .,j:» Gchuster to attack ^. G,
liesing, a aan '.*.::o ..lerit -^d the gratituae of Lhe socit;ty# 'ihis is, in his
opinion, plain ing^ratitude toward a ..lan ;.ho shov.ed a deep interest in the society.
- 3 - GERMAN
Illinois Staats-Zeitung, Apr. 16, 1881.
Mr* Baum then proposed to consult Mr. Rubens as to the advisability for the
modification of the compromise ordinance of 1873. llhis proposal has been
accepted.
C. Hau then suggested that a compensation should be offered to A. C. Hesing
for his services to the society, however, in the opinion of Lir. Georg, this
would be an insult, hir. P. Mueller then offered the information that at the
time of Hesing* s bankruptcy, a collection to lighten his burden was taken up
among the brewers and innkeepers which netted $30,000, and was presented as a
gift to Mr. Hesing. This, Hesing never mentions. Mr. Georg displayed impatience
at the "old woman's chatter" to which he compared the society's lack of dignity...
The question was then discussed whether an increase in the trade license
would have a tendency to eliminate disreputable saloons or i»:oduce just the
opposite results. Messrs. Georg and Mueller deplored the shameful
- 4 - Gi]RMAIT
Illinois Staats-Zeitunc, -.^pr* 16, 1881 •
inanagenent of these sort of taverns which v;ere fully in accord v.ith the
report in the Staats-Zeit\ing» But, to put pressure upon, and disorganize
disreputable i:ms and taverns is ohe job of the City Adiiiinistration. The
fight against prostitution is hovcever not the only v.orry of our decent
German tavern ovmers; they have to have the e:;ood will of the bre\vers also*
It has happened of late that decent Gernan innkeepers were forced out of
business by brewery concerns alth0Ut:h no plausible explanation could be
given, kr. Iilueller named Schlitz*s brewery in Uil\raukee as one of the
offenders. He proposed that a rrass-meeting should be called and preparatory
steps taken in order to agitate that every member of the Innkeepers' Society
discontinue the sale of Schlitz's beer.
"Furthermore," he said, "it is the job of the public as well as that of the
tavern owners to be instrumental in the closing of houses of prostitution."
He then related hov; he pleaded v.ith Llayor Keath in favor of suppression
of houses of ill fams, and the final victory over it. I\fteT the meeting ^.'--^^
adjourned, a reporter dispatched to Lj:. xl. G. ilesing informed him of the '"^ .' ^^^
v.-.i o
I
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- 5 - a£]RIv£AN
Illinois Staats-Zeitiin.n;, i.pr, 16, 1881.
statement made by l,j^. LIueller, to v;liich he replied that Llueller deliberately-
lied when he spoke of a .^30,000 gift or remuneration for his services in
1873* "On the contrary," he said, "I have donated six months of v/ork to
that organization for the sake of the campaign. I have thus neglected
ray o;m luraber-yard business resulting in an actual Iocs of ^250,000 "
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