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ATTITUDES 
F.  Politics 

6,  Graft  and  Corruption 


1 


ff.., 


/< 


Continued 


Vi,  • 


._> 


- -•-  j»^f^*<'wiwi'!>i;  II 


I  F  6 


Dzlennlk  Zwlazkowy.  Dec.  15,  1j13 


POLISE 


Jj£^  RO.y)  TO  DISASTIilRy 


The  r/.nz'^^'^^  poisoninr;:  our  :;ocial   i^yoton  ir   croolisd  politico...      If  the 
GO  called  dei.iocr  tic   r.ycton  oJ*  v^overni.vont   inevitably  le.:.ds  to  such  a 
coriniT^'tion  as  7:9  h've  here,   the  old  Jurope  ^-hould  i.bolish  th::.t   ^rjztQvx 
v;itiioi-it  any  re-:;^ret.     There   is   no  ether  cuun'^ry  v/here   crooked  politicians 
^70uld  rule  the  entire  nation  v/ithcut   any  protest,      .r^icn  \'"~-OHnies  in 
the  public   ofTices  have  to  be   filled,   ab:''. lity  \\n(i  merit  Liean  nothinr^ 
and  are  not   taken  into  consideration.     Only  political  pull  is  required; 
the   rbrcn^er  the  pull,   the   better  the  position  that   can  be  obtained. 


A  l::rge  percentage  of  hif-h  offices   in  our  adiiinistr-jtion  is  filled  by 
men  vath  no  ability  and  knov;ledr;e  of  their  duties.     i^W  this   favoritism 
and  crooked  patrona^-e   is  leading  only  to  p-raft  and  conniption,   killin/]^ 
all  morality  of  the  v/hcle   system,   -md  it  v;ill  cause  disaster  and  anarchy. 


S!:?■':^■ 


I  F  6 
I  F  3 


Dziennik   ZwiazkoTvy,    Amril   3,    1913 


miAT  \VE  DSr'AI'D  OF  THE  CITY  COlHrCIL 


'.''  POLISH 


(Editorial.) 

The  Citizens  of  Chicago  elected  37  alderman  last  Tuesday*  At  present  we  have 
70  stldermen  representing  the  City  Co\incil,  2   fron  each  Ward;  45  Democrats,  21 
Republicans  and  4  Frogre^^sives.   It  is  not  very  important  which  party  dominates 
the  nty  Council,  "but  what  type  of  men  we  send  there,  to  whom  we  entn-st  our 
funds,  the  safety  ana  welfare  of  over  3  million  people. 

The  City  Council  is  to  the  city  v/hat  Cont?:ress  is  to  the  Nation,  and  the 
Legislature  is  to  the  State. 


Chicago  is  a  great  city  with  a  bud^^et  equivalent  to  that  of  a  small  country 
in  Europe.  Many  millions  of  dollars  flow  into  the  city  treasury;  crooked 
politicians  are,  therefore,  ternoted  to  enrich  themselves  at  the  cost  of  tax 
■payers.   The  t^jces  we  r>ay  are  intended  not  only  for  salaries  of  city  emr^loyees, 
hut  for  the  welfal'e  of  the  por^ulation  of  the  city.   We  expect,  therefore, 
protection  for  our  life  and  "ororierty;  an  adequate  supply  of  fresh,  wholesome 
water;  streets  to  he  paved,  thoroughfares  and  alleys  cleaned  of  the  carcasses 
af  dead  horses,  dogs  and  cats.   Vfe  demand  playgrounds  for  our  children  in 
every  Ward;  that  the  streets  he  -nroiDerly  lighted  and  r^atrolled  hy  police. 


-2- 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  April  3,  1913 


They  consume  the  largest  proportion  of  our  exceedingly  high  taxes,  but  fail 
to  do  their  duty  in  the  event  of  an  accident  or  robber^/;  the  only  place  in  which 
policemen  can  then  readily  be  found  is  in  a  drinking  establishment.   We  also 
demand  more  and  better  schools,  a  more  efficient  fire  department,  a  larger 
selection  of  books  in  our  public  libraries  and  many  similar  essentials  so 
necessary  for  the  welfare  of  the  rjeople  of  this  Oreat  City.   We  further 
demand  that  the  City  Council  be  more  careful  in  letting  contracts.   How 
often  they  loroved  to  be  a  loss  to  the  city  treasury,  but  a  ^ain  to  the 
individual.   That  the  City  Council  and  the  Mayor  do  not  r^ermit  the  Deople 
of  Chica.TO  to  be  exr>lofted  by  gas,  electric,  telephone  and  street-car 
utility  companies;  we  furt'ner  demand  that  the  City  Council  be  obliged  to 
enforce  all  ordinances  which  are  of  a  beneficial  nature;  and  that  they 
force  the  street  car  conn^any  to  give  better  service  to  the  public,  and 
discontinue  the  beastly  and  most  unfriendly  attitude  of  street  car  comioany 
employees  toward  paf:sengers» 

However,  the  most  important  duty  of  the  IWayor  and  the  City  Council  is  to 
prevent  corruption  in  the  police  de-dartment,  as  well  as  intoxication. 


-?- 


t 
V   . 


POLISH 


i\ 


Dziennik  Zwiazkov/y,  April  3,  1913, 


There  is  no  other  city  in  the  entire  Country  in  which  the  Dolice  is  as  brutal, 
savap^e  and  morally  rotnen  as  in  the  City  of  Chicago* 


'^Thether  the  present  City  Council  intends  fulfilling  its  obligations  to  the 
voters  and  tax  layers,  tir^e  will  tell,   V/e  shall,  hov/ever,  continue  to  remind 
them  of  their  pled{z:es  and  about  the  Derfornance  of  their  duti-es. 


Tf^j^wT^^  r 


I  F  6 


POLISH 


Bicz   Bozy^  Vol.6  IV,   No.    ?A,   June   9^1912* 

/COPS  .u^  AT  IT  ^a;ii2y 

The  Chicago  police  gave  another  proof  that  they  are  not  idle  and  do  not 
^et  their  pay  for  nothing,  because  last  week  they  again  accidentally  shot 
one  of  the  citizens. 


.V  N 


But  the  robbers,  as  usual,  are  safe. 


I  ji'  6 

II  i  5 


Dziennik  yjiiv^zo-.pj^    Dec.  G,  l^Jll, 


Cr'ic.vao  ciLi;.-^:s  ijp 


(Editorial) 

It  is  true  that  the  streets  of  Chicago  still  reniuin  airty  and  full  of  nud 
and  trash,  th.::;t  sorae  of  its  buildings  are  fallinr-  apart  and  do  not  present 
an  esthetic  viev;,  yet  the  city  is  cle<'^uiinr':  up  some  of  its  other  messes, 
nesses  Viihich  have  detracted  even  nor:  frori  it  than  the  trash  and  the  dead 
horses,  Cits,  and  dors  that  often  lie  for  days  in  the  streets. 


rit  last  action  is  beinr;  taken  to  purree  the  police  department  of  those  de- 
praved (^ardians  of  the  public  safety  v;ho  -ive  protection  to  the  ovmers  of 
houses  of  prostitution,  to  the  {^amblers  and  to  other  dregs  of  society;  who 
accept  bribes  wherever  they  c^an  --et  then;  who  .':et  drunlc  in  uhe  saloons  even 
v/hile  .^n  duty;  ;;ho  themselves  /^cimbie  and  visit  houses  of  nuestionable  repu- 
tation; who,  finally,  arrest  and  beat  pc  .ceful  citizens  while  they  leave 


IPS 

II  3  : 


.:r\T  r  .T 


Dziennik  '^7iazkov/y>    '3ec«   8,    li^ll. 


undisturbed  the  ordinarv  criLiinals  v/itli  v/lioi.i  thev  live  in  -^iccord,    sharing 
in   tlie  loot  obtained  from  the  pedestrians • 

Of  such  dirt   our  city  is   cleaning  itself  I       jid  v/hen  thOGO  dissolute   and 
venal  policerrion  are  rer.ioved  frciii  tiie  dep-.rtment  and  replaced  v/itli  real 
{guardians  of  the  public  safety,   other  kinds  of  dirt  v/ill  be  c;_ueaneo.  up. 
Then  the  nuriber  of  robberies,  nurders,    and  attaches  v/ill  decrease;    the  orf:ies 
that  go  on  in  horrible  dance  halls  \;ill   cease;    dens  of  iniquity  v;ill  disap- 
pear,   and  garr.blin;':  houfies  villi  cease  to  function. 

The  practices  nov7  followed  by  the   citizens  of  tlie   ^iTiei^ald   Isle  v;ho  have  been 
provided  v/ith  clubs,   \.'ijl  be  ended*     Taey  v/ill  no  lon.^-er  breciic  open  the  heads 
of  peaceful  laborers  vjho  3trur^^:ie  le.^all^^  for  their  existence,    and  exemplcir^^ 
order  will  rei.'jn  at   every  step. 


ilavor  Harrison  has   cone  to  the  conclusion  that  the   stat^-  of  affairs   existinp; 


I  F  6 

II  3  : 


-  .^  - 


rOI.I;jPI 


Dziennik   .:"!iv/iazlcQv/y,    Dec.   3,   l*;^!!* 


in  our  city  can  no  lon.^er  be  tolercited,  Pesides,  beinn  shov;ered  fron  all 
Gides  v/ith  caiiplainto  LOid  protests  a,';^ainst  the  disorder  and  corruntion  of 
the  police,  it  hj3  not  been  difficult  for  him  to  deterr.ine  where  the  seat 
of  the  evil  lies,   and  he  has  hit  the  nark  by  settin/^  after  those  policeiuen 

v;ho  are  res^.onsible  for  this  state  of  disorder  cmd  corruption. 

Tl\e  coiTLTiiission  chosen  by  T'ayor  Harrison  and  the  Chief  of  _-olice  has  been 
conductinp;  investi -"tat ions  for  the  past  fev;  ;;eok3,    ex^^iiuinin^'r;  the   conpiaints 
aO^inst   policemen  of  hir'Jior  rank  and    juostionin':  v/itnesscs*      It   is  said 
that  vjlion  the  investi /ration  is  conplcted  ail  the  vjorst   offenders  villi  be 
dismissed.     Tiie  coiiuuission,   \;hich  is    aiided  by  justice  and  impartiality, 
is  not    after  scapegoats  ainon-^;  the  ordinary  poiiceinen.      It   is  after  the 
larger  fish,    such  as  captains,    insiiectors,    ser/^eants,    and  lieutenants, 
v/ho  may  be  found  fniilty  of  corruption. 


Chica.^^o,    then,    is  cleaninr^  up*      Lo^  us  hope  that   better  order  v;ill  be  brourat 


^PA.  '' ! 


^^7 


-    4.    _ 


II 


-J 


'^ziemiilc 


J .  7  X  • «.  ^  ^«  vJ  •• .  / 


*L.' 


IQQ.    8,    1911 • 


i-CLI;^: 


in»  ..j^tor  the  disnissal  of  corrupt  policonen,  all  sorts  oi  dens  of 
ini^^uity  will  be  cleaned  up,  and  the  nui:i"ber  oi  crimes  v;ill  decline* 


L^D  to  nov7  no  one  could  be   sure   of  ]\l3  life   -oid  •orooert"'^  even  in  broad  day- 
lic":ht#      Tiie  I!aycr  \;ill   be  '^oin-   a  '-'•roat   de:Al  for  tiie  iruiabit'.nts   of  Ciiic   r;o 
and  v;ill   dese2nre  their  esteeLi,    if  he  v;ill  be  able  to  clc-^ai  up  coriplotely 
tiiio   state   of  affairs  and  re.T.ove   otiier  filth,    o'l   v;liich  there   is  not   lacic 
here. 


I   F  6 
I  F  3 

I   7. 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazko'ivy,   Nov.   8,    1911. 


ZL^CTICN  CF  JUDTilS  IN  C^HC/IGC 

The  citizens  of  Chicago  shovjed  yesterday  that  they  are  capable  of  deciding 
things  for  themselves  and  will  no  lone:er  allow  themselves  to  be  led  by  the  nose 
by  politicians,  for  the  price  of  a  glass  of  beer,  a  pleasant  word,  or  even 
a  few  dollars.  No  attention  was  paid  to  parties,  but  only  to  the  candidates 
themselves,  and  only  t'lose  were  elected  whom  the  voters  in  general  considered 
the  best  and  most  reliable  for  their  respective  posts.  Six  Renublicans  and 
five  Democrats  were  elected;  it  is  clear,  therefore,  that  the  voters  were  not 
votinv'^  for  parties,  and  were  independent  of  any  political  machine. 

Victors  For  the  Superior  Court 


Marcus  A.  Kavanagh,  Republican,  110,398  votes 
v;illiam  A.  McSurely,  T^epublican,  101,963  votes 
Joseph  H.  Fitch,  Democrat,  94,412  votes 
Henry  V.  Freeman,  Republican,  90,948  votes 
Albert  C.  Barnes,  Republican,  90,545  votes 


"^^ 

^"^W-.^*" 


I  F  6 
I  F  5 


?] 


"  2  ' 


Dziennik  Zv/iazkowy,   Nov.   8,    1911. 


F0LI3II 


Hugo  Fam,  Republican,  89,379  votes 
v..   !•  ICcKinley,  Democrat,  88,021  votes 
Clarence  N,  Goodwin,  Democrat,  80,72/^  votes 
Charles  M.  Foell,  republican,  79,941  votes 
Dennis  "!.  Sullivan,  Democrat,  79,051  votes 

Victor  for  the  C^ircuit  Court  (to  fill  vacancy) 

John  T.   KcGoorty,  Democrat,  72,314  votos 

',7ith  two  exceptions,  all  of  the  candidates  v;ho  had  been  recom^'fiended  by  the 
Bar  Association,  and  whose  names  had  been  T)ublished  in  Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  were 
elected.  Candidates  of  the  infamous  Sullivan,  Lorimer,  Busse,  "Hink:/-  Dink," 
and  other  politicians,  were  shamefully  beaten. 


One  must  admit  that  yesterday's  election  xvas  very  quiet  and  clean, 
did  not  cheat  in  the  matter  of  votes,  and  no  bribery  was  noticed. 


Politicians 


> 


^  , 


I  F  6 


I 
I 


F  3 


-  3  - 


Dziennik  Zwiazkoivy^  Nov.  8,  1911  • 


POLISH 


That  yesterday  the  citizens  did  not  vote  blindly,  or  in  accordance  with  the 
instructions  of  ward  bosses,  is  illustrated  by  the  fact  that  two  small  ballots 
— one  of  which,  having  as  its  purpose  the  increase  of  salaries  of  various 
officials,  would  have  cost  the  city  an  additional  hundred  thousand  dollars  per 
year,  and  the  other  of  which,  deiaandin^  some  changes  in  the  judiciary,  would 
have  been  of  no  benefit  to  the  people  in  general,  but  to  the  advantage  of  certain 
individuals  in  office — 7;ere  cest  aside.  On  the  other  band,  three  proposals  w^re 
accepted  by  vote,  namely:  to  issue  bonds  in  the  amouno  of  M, 655, 000  for  the 
building  of  new  bridges;  to  issue  bonds  in  the  amount  of  •;;750,000  to  cover  various 
individual  suits  entered  against  the  city;  and  to  spend  131,000,000  in  purchasing 
land  for  parks  in  the  district  of  Austin. 


Yesterday  the  Socialists  obtained,  16,819  votes, more  than  even  they  had  expected. 
iHncouraged  by  this  showing,  they  hope  to  elect  at  least  tv;o  aldermen  next  spring. 


.\ 


S  W.PA  ?) 


I  F  6 
I  F  1 
I  C 

IV 


POLISH 


Dziennlk  Zwiszkowy,  Nov,  6,  1911. 


JDDICIAT/  ELKCTIO!«IS  IM  CHICAGO 


(Editorial) 

Tomorrow,  Tuesday,  November  7,  the  people  of  the  city  of  Chicago  will  elect 
eleven  judges:  ten  to  the  Superior  ::ourt  and  one  to  the  Circuit  Court. 

Experience  has  taught  us  that  the  elections  of  judges  belong  to  the  so-called 
quiet  elections.   It  is  true  that  there  is  some  agitation,  but  this  occurs 
almost  exclusively  in  the  press,  and  is  F^enerally  very  dip^nified  and  decent. 
There  are  no  meetings  at  ward  halls,  no  golden-voiced  orators,  who  for  a  sub- 
stantial consideration  elevate  certain  candidates  to  the  ver;^''  skies,  and  cast 
others  to  the  lo-vest  depthr-  of  hell.  There  are  no  arguments  and  fights  in  the 
taverns.   In  a  word,  there  is  no  **pclitics**  in  the  truly  American  sense  of  the 
word. 


As  a  result,  on  election  day  there  are  also  no  voters  at  the  polls.  Generally, 
only  those  people  {.-o  to  cast  their  votes  who  realize  that  a  judge  is  an  important 


I  F   6 
I  F  1 
I   C 
lY 


PO'ITT 


Dziennik  Zvd  azkov/y ,  Bfov,    6,    1911 


or 


official,    a  nore  important   nublic   F?ervant  than  an   alderraan,   coTjriissioner, 
even   the  mayor  himself,      '^'rranted    taat  frcnuently  neorile  also   --o   to   the  t?o11s 
who  are  not  at   all   concerned  with  who   in  roinr  to   judre  them,   because  they 
know  that   once   bhey  appear  before  a   jud.-'-e,    ev-^.ry  jur;/Te  must  mete  out    justice 
in  accordance  v/itr.   i/heir  just  desserts. 


We' all  read   in  the  Jat-^rday  par-ers  \iO-ii  our  election   commissioner,   Anthony 
Ozarnecki,    examined   a   ceroain  Swenton,   mana^crer  of  the  ^iotel  'Manhattan. 
Several  liundred   ^*citizens^*   rep:ist^ed   fromi  t.iis   little  hotel,    as  T):rmanent 
residents,    such  as  those  v;ho  will   elect  jud^^es   for  Chica™  on  Tuesday.      As  a" 
test,    two  hundred  re/^isterod  letters  were  laaileT:    in   or-  er  to  ma:^e  certain  that 
these  voters   acti^ally  live  thcfre,   or  that   they  actually  exist  on   this   earth. 
The   oost  o.rrice  actually  delivered   about  twenty  letters   to    the  people  address- 
ed,   t^ie    re:t  were  returned  because  the   addressees   could   nob  be  found,      Th'^re- 
fore,    the  .',  ;.iap-er  was  qiiestione'' ,   because   at   the   tine  of  tVieir  registration, 
he  had  established   the   identity  of  his  r-uests  under  oath. 


I  ?  1 

I  G 
IV 


'6 


Dziennik  Zivi  azko^r/ , 


PO'JSH 


:  ov.    6,    1911. 


**Do  you  knov7  I.'r.  I'/'ichael  ilunt?'*     Commissioner  Czameclci   Lisked  hin. 

'Tes,    indeed,   I  know  him  vei^^  well.     He  is  dark,    short,   heavy  set,    about 
forty  years  old,  wioh  a   small  moustache.^' 

*^Do  you  know  Jose'oh  Busse?" 

"Vrno  does  not  knov/  him?"     v:ns  the  rerjly, 

**'Vell ,    then,   you  knov;  people  whom  Ood  h?js  not  yet   createc,''   asL;erted  the 
Gorxnissioner:    "vour  omniscience   is   so  T)heno!.ional   that  it  will   liave  to  be  ex- 
plained  be:'ore   a  jury."     So  the  mana^^er  was  arrested   and  placec  under   .ond, 
because  the  Copr.ission.;r,    in  na-.iinr  people  who  did   exist,  mentioned  a  fow  purely 
fictitious  names. 


It   is  horrible  to   think  that  things  like  this  occur   in  a  country  of  freedom 


I  F  6 
I  ?  1 
I  C 
IV 


-  4  _ 


Dz i 3nn i k  Zv;i n zkovry ,  Tl'ov,    G,   19 


T^ll. 


enli.n:htenment,    and  civiliza'.lon.      Certain  T)olitici8ns,    before  elections,   r)Rck 
cheap  li Title  hotels  v;it:i   thcusands  oT  tra^.^s,    tell   tnera  to  register  under  oath, 
and  then  f^urinr  the  election,    those  s- r::e    oeor-le,    or  others  usinr  their  na^nes, 
vote  at   a  half  a  dollar  ")er  hoa-;,    in  any  v  a^;-   they  are  told  to  by  those  v/ho  pay 
oheiTi. 

This   is   called   politic:^,   an^    it   is   such  politics   th<-^t ,    if  the  courts  do  not 
banish  it   at    once  fron  the  face   of   this  earth,    and  do  not  nut   its  perpetrators 
in  permanent  anr;  well-. -uarded  places,   v/ill  cause  Lhe   neor'e  therriselves  to  take 
up  sturdy  broons   ■  n\  put  th-.ir  o;;n  houses    in   order.     Politics   of   this   sort   is 
not  perpecrated   by  tlie  poor  and   if-noranf  ii.i-iyrants ,   not:   by  neonle  viio  v/ork 
hard  from  nornin,^  until  nirht,   but:  by  peonle  wiiose  fjimilies  have  been  ATiericans 
for  nany  .  enerations,   v;ho  are  wealthy  /^nd  enlirhtened  by  coranulsory  erhication 
in   uhe  schools  of  this  country. 


Polish  voters   should  keep  in  :'iind    the  fact   tuat   tonorrov;,   as   alv/avs,   nanv 


I  F  6 
I  ?  1 
I  C 

IV 


-  5  - 


Dziennik  Zwiazlcqwy,  I'ov.  6,  1911  • 


POLISH 


people  will  vote  for  the  worst  candidates.   In  order  to  equalize  ".hese   bad 
votes,  to  overu'ozne  them,  tomorrov;  f.^very  honest  voter  should  Derforin  his  duty 
as  a  citizen.  The  bad  ones  will  all  come;  th-?refore,  if  the  honest  voters  stay 
at  home,  the  I'^sult  of  the  election  will  not  be  such  as  the  r>eople  have  the 
right  to  wish  for  and  demand. 

In  electing  judfi-es,  one  should  "oay  even  less  attention  to  parties  than  at  any 
other  time.  What  concern  can  it  possibly  be  of  ours  v;hether  a  ju^-p-e  belongs  to 
one  party  or  another?  Ke  does  not  make  new  laws,  but  merely  adapts  already 
existing  laws  to  s::ecific  cases.  An  honest  judre  is  above  parties;  he  really 
should  not  even  know  that  parties  exist  in  this  v/orld ,  and  if  he  does  know 
about  them,  and  belongs  to  this  or  tiiat  one,  he  does  this  not  as  a  jud^e,  but 
as  a  private  citizen,  whom  one  cannot  deny  what  is  f^ranted  to  everyone  else. 

Therefore,  everyone  should  ro   to  the  polls,  but  he  should  not  vote  for  the  entire 
ticket  of  his  political  party^  He  rhould  choose  carefully  and  conscientiously 
from  amonp;  all  ohe  tickets  thosee  T^eonie  he  knows  are  m.ore  worthy  the:,  the  others 
of  this  high  honor  of  judrinn  their  peers. 


POLISH 


I  P  6 


Dzienntk  Zwiazkowy,  March  11,  1911 • 


POLITICAL  CORRI.TTIOIT 


WPA(!LL)PROi.3027S 


(Editorial.) 

In  this  country,  a  corru-pt  politician  is  very  seldom  nunished  for  graft,  bribery 
or  other  misconduct  while  in  office,  providing  he  is  rich,  clever  and  has  a 
strong  influence;  an  example  of  which  has  only  recently  come  to  the  fore,  when, 
in  Chicago,  a  number  of  "ooliticians  were  charged  with  graft,  which  amounted  to 
robb-ry  because  public  funds  were  loaned  to  contractors  for  which  graft  was 
collected  in  return.   In  spite  of  the  evidence  and  costly  investigations,  not 
one  of  these  grafters  and  squanderers  of  public  money  was  either  convicted  or 
piinished.   It  is  true  that  several  of  the  higher  officials  have  resigned  from 
their  positions,  but  as  soon  as  they  learned  that  nothing  unpleasant  had 
resulted,  they  demanded  that  they  be  reinstated,"  pleading  innocence  on  the 
strength  of  being  victims* of  intrigues.  This  condition  exists  in  every  state 
where  senators  and  other  officials  can  be  bribed. 

All  varieties  of  scandals,  big  and  little,  noted  almost  every  day  in  the  news- 
papers, give  us  the  impression  that  every  public  official  is,  to  say  the  least, 
a  grafter  if  not  a  thief.   It  ap-oears  that  our  courts  are  unwilling  to  t>unish 
such  individuals  who  regard  our  laws  as  insignificant,  to  be  trifled  with, 
and  interpreted  by  the  press  to  5niit  individual  requirements.   There  are, 

however,  exceptions,  when  dishonest  politicians  are  severly  r)\inished;  this, 
of  course  happens  only  about  once  in  ten  years. 


POLISH 


I  P  6 


-3- 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  March  11,  1911. 


*  <*• 


'HOi.  30Z/b 


A  few  PittPiburerh  aldernen  were  recently  given  long  lorison  sentences  for  graft. 
The  American  public  was  surorised  too,  to  hear  that  the  courts  of  California 
sentenced  Mr.  Abrahani  Ruef,  who  was  a  very  r^owerful  political  "boss,  to  fourteen 
years  in  -orison  for  graft.   The  surprise  was  even  greater  because  Mr.  Ruef  was 
very  rich,  and  had  msiny  influentisJ.  friends.   The  case  was  sending  four  years, 
and  it  appeared  that  he  would  be  acquitted  like  thousands  of  others?  but  he  was 
tried  in  several  courts,  he  lost,  and  now,  dre<=.sed  in  a  striped  uniform  and  hair 
closely  shorn  he  must  work  in  a  nrison  factory.   This  is  an  exceptional  case  and 
willt  most  probably,  be  recorded  in  history.   The  courts  of  California  are  evidently 
more  just  than  some  of  our  U.  S.  Senators. 


■9B^BP 


I  ?  6 
I  F  4 


POLISH 


Dzlennik  Zwiazkowy,  Feb.  4,  1911 


WE  }fX]ST   TAKE  AN  ACTIVE  PART  IK  POLITICS 


o 


(Editorial) 


At  present,  we  have  a  very  active  rolitical  campaign  in  Chicago,  Many  candidates 
are  seeking  the  noriination  for  office  of  mayor,  treasurer  and  various  city  offices. 
Candidates  from  all  parties  are  represented.   Since  the  selection  of  good  candidates 
is  difficult,  it  is  essential  that  citizens  be  very  careful  for  whom  they  vote.^ 
Promises  and  beautiful  slogans  do  not  mean  a  thing;  officials  should  be  honest, 
energetic  and  efficient.   A  dishonest  official  will  forget  his  promises  and  pervert 
all  slogans  no  matter  how  beautiful,  and  will  care  only  for  his  personal  interest 
which  will  be  to  the  detriment  of   the  loublic. 


It  is  quite  true  that  v/e,  as  editors  of  Dziennik  Zwiazko^Yy,  are  not  engaged  in 
politics,  and  that  we  are  not  interested  in  the  election  fights  of  the  candidates, 
yet,  as  citizens  of  this  country,  and  editors  of  a  newspaper,  we  deem  it  our  duty 
to  exDress  our  opinion  on  certain  political  issues,  and  warn  the  public  against 
corrupt  politicians  who  seek  office  not  for  the  T)urpo?e  of  serving  the  public 
honestly,  but  expressly  for  personal  gains  from  city,  county  or  state  treasury, 
and  also  for  eliciting  graft  from  corporations  for  aiding  to  in  enacting  laws 
suitable  to  'their  individual  needs  but  harmful  to  the  general  public.   Another 
reason  why  ^ve  should  take  active  rart  in  city  politics  is  that  more  than  TOO, 000 
Poles  live  here,  and  thousands  of  them  are  citizens  of  this  coiintry  who  vote  and 
pay  taxes. 


-p- 


Dziennik  Zwiazkow^^,  Feb,  4,  1911  •  ^'-^  .-i.^'.  .  ^^ 


x 


POLISH 


We  are  interested  not  only  in  the  welfare  of  the  general  public  and  the  nianageirent 
of  the  city,  but  also  in  the  welfare  of  the  Pole?,  who  constitute  such  a  large 
Dercentage  of  this  city's  Doioulation.   Not  to  take  an  active  loart  in  politics, 
would  mean  that  we  have  surrendered  ourselves  com-oletely  to  unscrupulous  politicians, 
grafters,  drones,  imbeciles  and  quite  often  thieves.   It  has  been  disclosed  and 
Droved  that  many  of  our  public  officials  are  dishonest  and  wicked,  for  which  reason 
we  have  a  city  administiation  that  brings  blushes  to  every  honest  citizen  living 
in  Chicago.   It  is  btrca^ise  of  this  condition  that  we  must  express  our  opinion  about 
the  candidates  who  are  running  for  the  highest  city  offices,  that  our  citixens  and 
readers  may  be  enlightened  sufficiently  to  form  their  own  opinion  in  the  selection  of 
conscientious  and  efficient  officials  to  administer  the  governnent  of  the  city. 

It  is  interesting  to  know  that  Chicago  has  more  inhabitants  than  many  small  countries 
in  Europe  or  South  America;  its  financial  turnover  is  also  larger.   The  school  budget 
alone  amounted  to  the  colossal  sum  of  fifteen  million  dollars  last  year.   The  city 
bud-i^et,  including  the  public  works,  is  more  than  forty-nine  million  dollars.   In 
other  words,  we  spend  more  t^an  sixty- five  million  dollars  a  year  for  the  upkeep  of 
the  city.  Now  if  we  take  into  consideration  the  financial  and  industrial  turnover 
we  will  be  surprised  that  it  amounts  to  billions  of  dollars  a  year. 


Dziernik  Zwiazkowy,    Ffib.   4,    1911 


POLISH 


In  a  city  like  ChicaOT,  the  center  of  so  much  wealth  and  hunanity,  it  is  essential 
that  ire  have  an  energetic  and  honest  adminstration  and  it  is  the  duty  of  every 
citizen  to  see  that  we  have  such  an  adminstration.   If  we  permit  grafters  in  the 
city  hall  to  manage  the  city,  rublic  funds  will  surely  be  misappropriated;  which 
is  a  disadvantage  to  the  public.   Some  of  the  officials  will  buy  with  this  ill 
gotten  money  beautiful  homes,  and  will  also  deposit  money  in  the  bank  for  a  rainy 
day.   It  is  time  to  put  an  end  to  this  practice.   Every  political  party  has  both, 
job  hunters  and  honest  men.   V/e  should,  therefore,  choose  honest  men  for  our 
officials,  men  whose  character  is  beyond  re-nroach. 


I  F  6 


Dziennik  Zv/iazkowy,  liov,   16,  1910. 


POLISH 


WPA  (iLL.)PKJ.3G2/o 


SEPARATE  ELECTIONS  FOR  JUDGES 


(Editorial) 


A  certain  American  newspaper  calls  attention  to  the  fact,  and  justifiably, 
that  federal,  municipal,  circuit,  police,  probate,  and  other  judges  should  be 
elected  separately  by  the  voters,  instead  of  being  elected  with  the  candidates 
for  different  offices.  This  newspaper  states  v/ith  reason  that  judges  should 
not  take  part  in  political  campaigns.  Moreover,  their  names  should  not  be 
placed  on  the  ballot  with  the  names  of  other  candidates  because  the  judiciary 
branch  of  our  government,  be  that  federal,  state,  or  municipal,  should  be 
free  of  political  influence  and  atmosphere.  This  is  a  matter  of  importance 
to  every  man.  An  ordinary  politician  should  not  be  a  judge,  because  his  only 
interest  would  be  in  money,  and  he  would  consider  his  office  not  a  duty  but 
an  opportunity  to  become  wealthy  at  the  expense  of  taxpayers.  A  judge  after 
all,  is  the  personification  of  justice,  truth,  and  sincerity — he  is  like  a 
father  who  punishes  misbehaving  children.  Consequently,  he  cannot  be  a 
politician — one  who  is  accessible  to  bribery. 


I  F  6 


-  2  - 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy.  Nov,  16,  1910 


POLISH 


^'P^  OIL)  PRO  J  30275 


In  electing  judges  the  people  should  consider  not  the  candidate's  party  but 
his  character^  A  judge,  therefore,  must  be  free  of  all  partisanship^  Candi- 
dates aspiring  to  a  judicial  office  should  be  presented  not  on  a  partisan  but 
on  a  nonpartisan  basis.  All  voters  would  then  be  able  to  vote  for  judges,  not 
under  political  mottoes,  but  according  to  their  convictions  as  to  which  of  the 
candidates  would  be  a  better  and  more  just  judge,  which  of  them  is  more  capable 
as  an  attorney,  and  v/hich  is  a  man  of  unblemished  character. 

The  elction  campaign  of  1910  illustrates  our  point.  V/ise,  just,  and  honest 
judges  lost  and,  in  their  stead,  worse  people  were  successful  simply  because 
their  party  was  victorious.  Ivlany  judges  were  defeated  in  the  election,  not  be- 
cause they  v/ere  bad  or  incapable,  but  because  they  belonged  to  the  Republican 
party,  which  suffered  defeat.  Such  conditions  should  not  prevail.  Judges  at 
least  should  be  free  from  politics  and  should  not  aspire  to  win  such  distin- 
guished office  through  the  aid  of  dollars  and  propaganda.   It  looks  so  silly 
to  see  a  candidate  for  judge,  that  office  which  protects  justice  and  truth, 
run  from  one  meeting  to  another,  praise  himself  as  good  material,  denounce  his 
opponents,  members  of  other  parties,  and  conduct  politics  on  a  large  scale—at 


I  F  6 


-  3  - 


Dziennik  Zwiazko;vy.  Nov,  16,  1910. 


POLISH 

W'A  ("nTTMiJ. 30275 


times  with  the  aid  of  whiskey,  beer,  money,  and  promises.  The   election  of 
judges  should  be  conducted  in  a  different  manner — on  a  nonpartisan  basis  and 
one  devoid  of  repulsive  politics. 


I  7  S 
III  H 
III   0 


rOLI3:I 


^ziennik  ^v:ic;zkov>y,   ITov.    8,    1910. 


i;:ii:?i.lti:a!L  oaiDiTioru 


(Editorial) 

Ivor,  tiiie   to  ti:ae  ;;e  find  that  the  periodical  press  publrshes  f^":3tr^  from  the 
social  life  of  this  nr^tion.   It  is  aLaost  impose  Tola  to  believe  that  such 
thinrs  as  those  described  could  happen  in  a  nation  v.here  every  child  attends 
school,  no-^rl'^  everv  resident  attends  a  te!T:)le  or  a  ch^^rch,  and  everv 
citizen  has  access  to  the  polls,  Vvhere  he  can  e:an*ess  his  v.lll,  and  by  neans 
of  vjhich  his  v/ill  is  brought  into  the  or-en,  that  it  :aav  becoi.ie  lav;. 

The  people  of  tliis  country  are  endov/ed  witli  privile£:es  for  v;hich  other  nations 
are  continually  striving,  even  unto  death.  Those  less  fortunate  are  con- 
vinced that  Lheir  position  would  be  better  if  for  the  price  of  their  blood 
they  could  cain   at  least  half  of  the  freedo:"i  and  the  richts  that  our  v;hole 
nation  has  enjoyed  for  :'iore  than  a  century. 


.1  younc  :.ian  of  wealthy  faidly  v;as  recently  freed  by  a  jury  in  I.oclcford, 


o 


PCLIjn 


III  11 
III 


Dziennik  Zvaar^lcovr/- 


^cv,    8,    1910# 


Illinois.     lie  h'lcl  been  ch::.r[-eci  v;ith   twelve  felonief^.      The   jury'o  reacon  for 
finding  thic    indiviclial  not   ^lilty  v/as   th-it   he  \:v.r>  a  victii.i  of  a  so-called 
kleptoiric-nia  and   hence  v.as  laentally  ill.     The  state  prosecutor  v.tis   so  enraged 
L.t  this   vercict  thr^.t  he  ordered  en   i/^'.ediate   iisirdssal  of  sixteen  prisoners 
chc.r:*:ed   i.lth   felonies  and   robce7*ies,   ■:,na   aw^.itin-'  sentence.      '*If  a  wealthy 
person  can  be   ill  v.ith  a  robbin;/  nania/'   :v.aid  the  ])roseciitor,    '*the  poor  can 
suffer  from  the   saiie   disease." 


It  can  be  expected,   therefore,   tliat   all  these  sick  people — one  v/ealthty  and 
sixteen   poor — v/ill  eventually  pay  a   call  to  the  nei;rhborin^:  bi{.'  city  of 
Ghicr.yo.      cnce  here  they  v;ill  bef^in  to   practice   their   illness  on  a  larrer 
scale   then  they  hsve  thus   far. 


.;onethin-:  is   deciriely  out  of  order   in  the   judicial  depart:'ient   of  the  city  of 
Hockford  v/hen  such  thin'-s   can  haspen  there. 


In  Ohicayo,   a   certain  Brov/n  v;as  prosecuted  for  the  second  ti.ae  during  the 
past  several  v.eeks.     He  vas  accused  of  bribinf:  representatives  to  the  state 


I  ?  G 
III  K 
III  G 


.     r?     ._ 


rOLISH 


Dziennik  :^v;iazkov.'3;',   IIov.    8,    1910. 


legislature.     The   jur/  freed  iirov.Ti,    but  the  city  prosecutor  clit^r.^ed  Brov:n*3 
attorney,   IJrbotein,  v;ith  bribing  the   jury.      V^rbstein  reciprocated  by  ac- 
cusinr  the   prosecutor,    ..a^^aan,   of  coiairdttiny  a  like   tran^creGSion  vfaen  he 
(V.'ayi.ian)   v;as   aji  orcinary  practicing  attorney.      V.'ayjian  then   filed  a   suit 
af^ainst    Tiirbstein  and  charged  hiia  v/ith  conspiracy  v.itli   intent  to   slander. 


xill  these  attacris   and  countercharr-es   were   investirated  bv  a  r'-rand    iurv.      It 
decided  they  T.ere  all  v;ell  founded,   v.it::  the  exception   of  'Jrbstein*s 
against  ..'ayriian.     And  so  there  will  be  nev;  crininal  processes,   nev;  ravings 
of  attorneys   lasting  for  hours  on  end,   ne\.  decisions,  and   new  suspicions, 
.i  second  process   grov;s  froi.:  the   first,    a  third  from  the   second;    -.nd,    for  all 
these,    society  pays   huge  suias  of   :ioney,  and   in  addition   it  has  this   satis- 
faction,  that   the   courts    have  neither   tim.e  nor  s>trength  to  be  occupied   in 
judging  thieves   and  scoundrels   roariing  about   tlie  city.      It  is   difficult   to 
counteract  the   L'.apression  that,    in  these  legal  actions   of  attorneys  against 
prosecutors,   and  vice  versa,   v;e  have  ordinary  personal  fights.      .;e  should  pre- 
fer thiat  these  people  satisfy  their  accounts   between  theiuselves    in  some  other 
laanner.     They  should  not   burden  the   courts  with   cases    (and  the  people  with 


1 


I  IP 


o 


III  H 


rCLIJH 


III 


Dzlerjiik  'j:\.i£-zkov:y,   i:cv.    8,    1910. 


expenseG)    on  tilings   tl'if.t  ri&v  or  :i^xy  not   ly.ve  haT>penoa,      U'^.turally,    if  It. 
"JrbGtein  really  bribed  the  jury,    he   cleL-ervei^   punishiuent.      lAit,   under  such 
circu;['iotanceG ,    a.  ;*reater  punishruent    i;hould  be  ;;:eted  out   to  the  iienber^   of 
the    jury  v.ho   c.lloved  theriselve::    to  be   bribed.      dut ,    for  so:i;e   reuson,   nothinn 
io   heard  of  the  pro.jecutor  holdinp  responsible  tr.e  tv.o   ::ie:.'iberG   of  the   jury 
vdio   betri:iyed  hr.    drbstein.      vhe  :::i.ie   can  be  au:.lied  to  ...r. 
_r.   ".rbi'tein  h:"o   hnov.n  for  ::everal  veav:.> 


ciViicn. 


\j  ^  i^'  -  \.j  1., 


'1  ■ 


^icin  v;*-G   ruiltv  :;nd 


if  his  civic  C0ii:::cience  no  Ion 'er  :;er:iito  hi::;  to  kee.)  it  a  secret,  then  v;h' 


did  he   he 


e   it 


ecret  until  he   c^.e  to   ;'-r^:Gn':.i   dif:"erenceG   v;ith  i.r.    '..ay:;ian'. 


'-6 

r 


r»    -♦--.• 


In  j'rc.nce,    r^uch  per^onnl   conflict::  v.ou1l    be   settled  v:ith   the  aid  ol 
tr.o  rentlesien   in  to:;  hats,    ojie  physician,   and   a   dozen  bottles   of   cha:.:pa. -ne. 
This   entiT-e   ;:>rocedure  v;ould   coi't  both   side:'    several  hunared   francs.      The 
parties   prof i tin'-  ivould   be  trie   shy -ician,   the  c'tbdrivcrs,   and  the  7:ine  dealer; 
and  the  public  \."ould  have  no    e::pen:-e^'.      In  .sissia,    there  V'a.ild   be   f sce-slappiny 
and   probably  so:.:e   slisht   mention  of  it   to  the  local  i^olice.      In  Ger..iany, 
several   beer  steins    ^ould   be  ::.,,:' sh^^c.  uson  the  heads   of  th^   interested  ].'srties, 
v;ho  v;ould   later   j'sy  a    fine   ol*  five  :.ar!s.:    each    '"or   "Prober  bnfu-',''   that    is, 


1    r     o 


T  TT 


II 


±         -.J 


,iep.niA 


.   ■  J  -^  '^^l  . 


I'jlO. 


for   behcYior  unlefittiii*   aviltured  -eo::le.      I:;    .:i::l-.i-:n ,    a   ::air  of  eyea   \^ould 
be   blvcicon^Kw      Vhnt  v;ouia   nine   occur    in   thir:    T^'ee  ..n^rio  .    if   tv.o   l-borers 


or   ou:^  me^G:  !e::  o: 


-p 


O' 


4-  -; 


T:K)n'-.±  ai: .  ic:;iti 


^ »  • 


■Y* 


.e  repeat:    i^  r.uc]\   seriou;-   criiie^;   -  s   bribing  of   jur:,^'ien  reeilly  clio    occu 
here,    the   only  thin  •  th-t   c::n  bo  done   ic   to  b';ve  tbe   courts    judc^  ^^^^  1^"^ 
then  really  ounif^b   the  ;niilty  r-^rsons.      I3ut  if  these  ^^entle:nen  drar^  each  other 
to   court  r.icrely  to   increase  their  :autu:il   irriL\tion   nnd   to  even  their  account^;, 
it   is    3hcj":iof\il  to  .:.^^an::    ^eoole'o  !;:one''  for  ^uch   court    oroeeoL^e:^. 


ffT 


J.         "^ 


V<. 


<.x  >>'  i 

o   not    ncc;^^e   onch   oth'^r   of   l-.c":  o^    -imow-lod  -o  or   'bility,    ::/;    in   other  ar.*u:  lejit:: . 
^■r^-i-    -^onciorrm   o::ch   Other   for  orofc-.^^-in^   oo?':e  un-^^rovod   orincii^Ie  or  tlieory. 


^1 '  . 

X  .>  '- 


i-r^-'  CO    no...    ^ 


+  v 


-.  1 


r>        .'j■J^■»r^'^  -     -Too     •-^,-.%n'"'     >'^"'     :" 


^  .-^ 


4-^- 


"v;'^' 


Tf 


toolc  ,;oney  for   thi:    3nid  thot,'*   :''..ve:    the   other,      ijvcr:^-. 

the   only  concern   i.'   Money  v.hich  v.o3  t;h:en   by  :o:.eon;^  fro:i  ooneone,    or  voa 

■*iven   contri.r'"  tc  the  oi^eco^'t.-   of  cri...-in:  1    lov;.    ...on':; 


...1, 


l-:r 


; i. .  w-^      <  •  (_;      !. .U ^,- ..   " ^    o  o Li     V.7  U u  X  f^-  <^  J 


r 


^ .  -- 


JL        J 


o 

III    :I 
III    0 


icu:;?: 


D:-:iennik    '':\-A ": zkovy ,    ''ov.    C:,    1910, 


t!u:..t   no   o!ie   or^n  oeo  :.;.nythin-:;   beyond  the  dollar,      x-ecyle  ariie  for  tlie   dollar; 
tlie-^'-   fi;^*ht  for  the    doll::r  and   take  an  o:  t!:  i"ov   it* 


i-oleG  cilco  ar-iie  :\nd,   ot   tine^,   ratlier  ^'ericuGly,    and  their  '^r^uiiionts  often 
overctep  the  boundi.rie:.:  of  decency''.      Cur  reople,   hovever,   iu.nifeot  an  idealisn 
that   i^<   inborn  v.ith  the  ^olich   oeo^rle.      In  our  :-roun,   the  cler:*Y  thunders 
Gj.ain::.t  the   n:-..tionali3t ,    and  the  nTtionrd;  ict ,    in   turn,    oondenm::   every  tyT)e 
of   Loe  of  patriotic}]':.     ,<.  pro,::re^;i^ive  fic'uratively  ::iurderG   a  reactionary,   and 
a  conservative  cur^^ec:  cnv  tv-e  of  -""^ro  -reas.      But  at   leact  these  are  ar['ui:ients 
on  principles   in  which  everyone  belitves  ^md   on  the  basia  of  v.hich  everyone 
expect:-   the   srJ_vation  of  our  luotherland.      They  ar^*ue  and  call   each  other 
ntuTies  until  their  din  reaches  hiyh  heaven,    but  at   least  they  do   not  call 
each  other  thieves   tEJid  bribera.     True,    there  a'a^'   a  certain  rxod-p  of  scoundrels 
even  in  (Jxt  liddst,  ivho  atte^npted  to  conbat   their  opponenta  by  brinciHo 
charges   of  bribery  ayainst  any  who  would  not  acquiesce  in  their  washes. 
Fortunately,   our  people  proved   theinselves  to  be  sound  by  contenptuously  ex- 
pellin,^:  fro::i  anon^':  thej^i  the   false  charges  and  the  liars. 


'«--»-'' 


v.— 


P0LI3E 


I  F  1 


Dziennik  J)v/iazKOv^y,  liov.  4,  1910. 


(Editorial) 

There  aro  only  a  few  days  left  before  an  important  election.  The  citizen 
v/ho  lives  amonr^;  other  people,  v/ho  is  perfectly  able  and  oualified  to  vote  and 
yet  neglects  to  fulfill  hi:i  oblir^ation  of  casting  his  ballot  on  election  day, 
conmits  a  sin  a;:;ainst  society* 

The  Dziennik  Zv/iazicov.'y  v;ishes  to  take  this  opportunity  to  remind  the  citizens 
of  what  it  has  v/ritcen  previously  relative  to  the  corrupt  conditions  in  the 
stale  legislature  of  Illinois,   From  all  inaications,  conditions  are  no 
better  in  the  county  ^xnd  municipal  adr.iinist rat  ions.  Votes  should  be  cast 
in  favor  of  candidates  icnov/n  for  their  honesty  and  sincerity,  and  most  impor- 
tant^ in  behalf  of  candidates  of  Polish  origin. 


Co 


m 


I  F  6 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zv/iazkov/y^   Sept.   27,   ISIO. 


OFFICIAL  LIUHDERERS. 


(Editorial) 


For  the  past  several  months  the  city  of  Chicago  has  been  the  field  of  action 
of  official  murderers.  In  a  short  space  of  time  there  v;ere  five  instances  in 
v/hich  the  police,  mostly  dressed  in  civilian  clothing,  shot  at  people  totally 
innocent  of  any  crime.  These  officers  usually  shoot  with  greater  accuracy 
than  do  the  uniformed  police  when  shooting  at  real  bandits.  The  late  Dubinski 
was  shot  by  three  detectives  who  rushed  on  him  from  the  side  of  a  house.  Mis- 
taking them  for  thieves,  this  peaceful  passer-by  started  to  flee  and  was  shot 
by  the  three  officers.  This  is  but  one  instance  of  the  numerously  repeated 
abuses  of  official  authority.  In  none  of  these  instances  were  the  guilty  of 
murder  punished.  The  chief  of  police  of  Chicago  gave  orders  to  shoot  to  kill, 
but  surely  he  did  not  issue  any  order  that  policemen  are  permitted  to  shoot 
at  v/ill  or  whenever  an  urge  moves  them  to  do  so.  In  spite  of  this,  in  every 
instance  the  order  of  the  chief  of  police  covered  the  guilt  of  the  killer. 


I  F  6 


-  2  - 


Dziennik  Zwiazkovjy,   Sept.   27,   1910 • 


POLISH 


and  the  entire  incident  ended  in  a  statement  that  *'an  error  had  occurred." 

On  the  other  hand,  the  zeal  of  the  police  has  not  reduced  in  the  least  the 
number  of  assaults,  robberies,  and  murders  that  are  committed  in  our  city* 
Long  accounts  of  robberies  constantly  find  their  way  into  the  nev/spapers. 
Every  day  we  learn  that  some  citizen  has  been  murdered  by  thieves,  but  the 

entire  incident  terminates  at  that  point •  Almost  none  of  the  culprits  have 
been  thus  far  apprehended,  v/ith  the  exception  of  one  v^ho  walked  inadvertently 
into  the  arms  of  the  police. 


The  indifference  with  which  the  J^merican  daily  nev/spapers  edited  in  Chicago 
treat  these  murderous  experiments  of  our  guardians  of  peace  and  order  mys- 
tifies us.  We  can  only  explain  this  in  these  terms:  Thus  far  the  victims 
of  the  police  have  been  people  none  of  whom  were  v/orth  (to  use  the  vernacular) 
more  than  a  thousand  dollars.  If  instead  of  the  poor  worker  Dubinski,  or  the 
poor  tailor  Rudnik,  the  victim  had  been  some  prosperous  businessman  worth 
several  hundred  thousand  dollars,  it  is  certain  that  all  the  American 


I  F  6 


-  3  - 


FOLISI^^ 


Dziennik  Zwiazkov/y,  oept.  27,  1910 


newspapers  v/ould  have  made  an  unheard-of  din.  The  guilty  parties  would  have 
been  incarcerated,  and  the  chief  of  police,  together  with  the  mayor  of  the 
city,  would  have  fallen  into  difficulties  from  which  it  v/ouldn*t  have  been 
so  easy  to  scrape  out. 

But  it  is  exactly  such  conditions  that  should  disturb  nine-tenths  of  the  resi- 
dents of  Chicago  who  walk  upon  the  streets  because  they  are  unable  to  own 
automobiles,  for  at  any  time  one  can  walk  into  the  line  of  fire  of  the  plain- 
clothes police,  who  will  then  vindicate  their  action  by  the  term  "shot  by 
error.**  Something  should  be  done  about  this,  or  else  society  as  a  whole  will 
be  guilty  of  the  death  of  those  people  who  might  in  the  future  perish  in  place 
of  the  actual  thieves  and  murderers. 

That  there  will  be  nev/  victims  was  verified  by  the  assistant  to  the  chief  of 
police  in  an  interview  with  newspaper  report.ers. 


"Similar  instances  will  occur  in  the  future,"  said  the  assistant,  "and  I  know 


I  F  6 


-  4  - 


Dziennik  Zwiazkov;y,  Sept.  27,  1910 


POLISH 


of  no  means  to  put  an  end  to  this.   It  is  deplorable  that  some  police  officers 
lose  their  self-restraint  and  shoot  unnecessarily.  No  one  feels  this  more 
greatly  than  I.  The  policemen  on  duty  are  themselves  the  judges  of  the  cir- 
cumstances, and  if  they  lose  their  head  and  shoot,  and  even  injure  or  kill 
unnecessarily,  I  cannot  see  v;hat  their  superiors  could  do  in  this  instance.  *• 


V/ell,  if  the  assistant  to  the  chief  of  police  states  that  nothing  can  be  done 
about  this,  then  it  is  high  time  for  the  people  to  do  their  own  thinking  and 
find  some  way  to  prevent  the  repetition  of  occurrences  of  this  type.   In  the 
first  place,  the  court  authorities  should  become  interested  in  this.  The 
mere  fact  that  someone  is  a  policeman  does  not  exclude  him  from  being  under 
the  authority  of  the  prosecutor,  the  grand  jury,  and  the  entire  court  machine. 
And  if  there  are  policemen  in  the  service  of  the  city  of  Chicago  who  lose 
their  heads  at  a  time  when  they  should  keep  it,  we  have  a  mayor  of  the  city 
whose  duty  is  to  dismiss  these  weak-headed  heroes.  A  policeman  should  possess 
not  only  a  strong  fist  but  also  a  strong  head  capable  of  holding  more  good 
things  than  the  head  of  an  average  citizen.  Moreover,  his  head  should  contain 


I  F  6 


-  5  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  Sept*  27,  1910* 

a  brain  at  least  of  such  caliber  as  every  employer  demands  from  his  employee, 
regardless  of  the  amount  of  remuneration  paid  for  services  rendered. 

V/hy,  for  exaLiple,  is  the  police  of  England— -the  best  in  the  world,  wise, 
polite,  sober,  dignified— -able  to  master  every  situation  without  '*errors^  in 
a  city  such  as  London,  where  the  v/orse  elements  of  England  gather?  The  police 
of  Paris,  a  city  which  is  the  center  of  all  scum,  not  only  from  France  but 
from  the  entire  world,  does  not  shoot  at  anyone,  and  yet  it  protects  three 
million  people  a  great  deal  better  than  does  the  chief  of  police  of  Chicago. 
Even  in  Berlin,  despite  the  inherent  brutality  of  the  Prussians,  the  police 
do  not  fire  at  people  as  if  they  were  hunted  animals •  In  Warsaw  €ind  in  the 
capital  of  Russia,  wLs^never  the  police  has  the  desire  to  shoot,  a  formal  dec- 
laration of  a  state  of  v/ar  is  announced  to  all  residents  that  they  might  be 
prepared  to  meet  the  worst  if  the  warning  is  not  heeded. 


But  even  in  other  large  cities  of  jimerica  such  abuse  of  police  pov;er  as  that 
practiced  in  Chicago  is  unheard  of.  The  root  of  evil  lies  in  the  so-called 


/-^ 


I  F  6 


-  6  - 


Dziennilc  Zwlazkowy,  Sept#  27,  1910. 


POLISH 


political  corruption.  The  chief  of  police  here  is  a  serf  of  the  mayor,  who 
hires,  fires,  and  rehires  him  at  will.  These  two  dignitaries  are  more  con- 
cerned with  political  influences,  with  building  their  ov/n  machine,  with  future 
elections  than  with  the  life  and  welfare  of  the  citizens  who  pay  for  their 
salaries. 

In  many  other  cities,  the  chiefs  of  police  are  business  people,  independent 
of  politics  and  not  afraid  of  losing  their  position,  regardless  of  who  the 
mayor  might  be.  In  localities  of  that  type  the  police  also  performs  its  duties 
and  does  not  shoot  "by  mistaire"  at  peaceful  citizens.  It  is  high  time  for  the 
people  of  Chicago  to  make  every  effort  to  regulate  this  department  of  municipal 
government  and  do  av;ay  with  such  barbarian  disorders. 


I  F  6 

II  E  3 


POLISH 


Dzlennlk  Zwiazkowy,  Sept.  26,  1910. 
^UR  INCOMPE^IEWi'  POLICE/ 
(Editorial) 


Killings  **by  mistake**  are  making  our  **zealous"  Chicago  police  more  notorious 
every  day.  Policeman  Otto  Klein,  attached  to  the  Maxwell  Station,  fatally 
wounded  Mr.  A.  Rudnik,  a  victim  of  mistaken  identity,  when  the  latter  did 
not  heed  his  command  vo   stop.  The  policeman,  without  any  thought  of  the 
consequences,  shot  after  the  fleeing  man,  killing  him.  Upon  investigation, 
it  was  definitely  established  that  the  victim  was  a  law  abiding-citizen, 
who,  evidently  mistaking  the  police  officer  for  someone  else,  had  decided 
to  run  away.  Such  unthoughtful  shooting  at  people,  as  if  they  were  hunted 
animals,  brings  shame  upon  our  local  police,  which,  under  other  circuraistances, 
does  not  manifest  such  bravery,  unless  it  is  to  murder  the  unarmed.  Several 
months  ago,  some  members  of  the  Chicago  Detective  Bureau  shot  an  innocent 
Pole,  Mr.  John  Dubinski,  under  similar  circumstances.  Shortly  thereafter, 
Kr.  Axel  Ludman,  an  innocent  man,  was  also  slain.  Now  a  third  innocent 


T-iiiyV-   -iM^W 


I  F  6 

II  E  3 


-  2  - 


Dzlennlk  Zwiazkowy^  Sept*  26,  1910. 


POLISH  /^ 


victim  has  become  a  target  for  the  bullets  of  the  giinwielders.  Indeed, 
killings  such  as  these  show  an  evident  disregard  of  human  life  on  the  part 
of  the  police  scoundrels.  They  overlook  actual  bandits  and  murderers 
and  slaughter  law-abiding  and  peaceful  people.  They  cannot  track  down 
culprits  who  plant  bombs  destroying  human  life  and  property.  Several 
murders  have  been  committed  in  Chicago,  but  so  far  the  Chicago  police  has 
not  been  able  to  apprehend  the  guilty  persons.  Gambling  and  vice  are 
flourishing  openly  in  this  city,  but  our  celebrated  police  pays  no  attention 
to  this.  Under  the  very  noses  of  the  police,  to  use  the  vernacular,  in  the 
immediate  vicinity  of  the  V/est  Side  Police  Station,  thieves  robbed  the 
Chotinier  Brothers  of  ten  thousand  dollars  and,  in  addition,  beat  their 
victims  severely.  But,  even  in  this  instance,  the  police  is  unable  to 
find  the  culprits.  One  home  on  the  North  Side  was  robbed  on  four  different 
occasions  at  close  intervals.  But  here  also  the  police  is  unable  to 
track  down  the  burglars.  Out  of  every  hundred  cases  of  robbery,  larceny, 
murder,  and  assault,  only  two  or  three  are  successfully  handled  by  the 
police.   It  seems  as  though  our  publicly  maintained  keepers  of  public 


•'*»*.'-,*''-!«»:»«?■ 


I  F  6 

II  E  3 


-  3  - 


Dzlennik  Zwiazkowy,  Sept*  26,  1910 


POLISH 


safety  are  only  capable  of  shooting  at  innocent  people,  drinking  in  taverns, 
sleeping  in  some  corners  or  molesting  young  girls  and  peaceful  passers-by. 
It  seems  that  our  city  has  the  most  incompetent  police  force.  Because  of 
this  every  citizen  should  prevail  upon  his  alderman  to  remedy  these  shame- 
ful conditions  in  the  police  department.  As  if  it  were  not  enough  that 
the  innocent  citizens  are  attacked  and  murdered  by  bandits,  now  we  find 
that  the  police  also  aids  them  "^by  mistake'*  in  their  nefarious  deeds. 
People  of  Chicago  are  uncertain  of  life  or  property  in  a  city  where  several 
million  dollars  are  spent  annually  on  the  police. 


Dziennik  ZwjazkoTvy,    July  28,    1910. 

fol::s  roo  ki&iily  assessed  by  ul  scrupulous  affhaisers 

WPA  (ILL)  PROJ.  3027.'- 


I  F  6 

I  D  1  a 
III  A 
I  C 

ue   read  lately,  in  local  American  parsers  of  the  r^rotests  being  raised  by 
different  industrial  and  business  firms  against  the  over-rating  of  properties 
and   tax  assessments.   In  almost  every  case  the  authorities  ac^-rnowledge  their 
error  and  recuce  the  taxes»   This  is  Tiarticularly  tnie  v/hen  the  big  firms, 
the  weavlthy,and  such  intelligent  people  who  knov  hoiv  to  manage  the  situation, 
enter  the  r^lay.   But  the  small  ormer  of  real  estate  is  even  more  unjustly 
imposed  ur)On,  esr^ecially  those  Poles  v;ho  cannot  heir*  themselves  with  the 
excessive  c'^arge. 

It  was,  however,  not  c^rrulsory  t-iat  he  r^a^-   v;ithout  protest,  but  because  of 
ignorar.ce  in  such  rrocerdinr's,  cc -bined  with  a  limited  knowledge  of  English, 
he  submitted  without  ob/j^^ctions. 

Polish  citizens  and  realty  owners  of  Wards  four  and  five,  in  the  com.munity  of 
Ericger^ort,  will  not  T^ernit  such  unjust  treatment.   The  Citizen*  s  Club  is  a 
great  benefit  in  their  cause.  '  We  are  informed  by  the  secretary,  Mr.  K,  J, 
Karrinski,  1058  V/.  r^2nd  Street  that  if  any  member  having  difficulties  regarding 
his  tax  bill,  will  present  it  to  Mr.  F.  R.  Pruszynski,  946  W.  37r6..    Street  at 
the  main  office,  the  executive  committee  will  deliver  it  to  the  proioer 
authorities. 


POLISH 


I  F  6 
I  D  1  a 

III  A 
I  C 


-2- 


Dziennik  Zviazkowy.  July  28,  1910. 


"''  "« )  %A  ,0.7, 


The  time  for  protest  is  short,  t-erefore,  we  a  vice  that  excessive  tauc  bills 
be  turned  in  for  adjustment  immediately  uT)on  receint  of  same.   It  is  advisable 
that  such  clubs  be  organized  in  other  Polish  settlements  for  the  benefit  of 
citizens  having  similar  interests. 


I  F  6 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Z^iazkowy,  June   5,  1909. 

Ai:  AFPZAJ.  TO  POLISH  VOTimS 

Kot  many  voters  are  aware  of  the  imoortance  of  the  coming  judicial  election  in 
Cook  County;  all  should  sto^^,  therfore,  a:id  think  before  they  cr.st  their  vote. 
It  is  irroossible  to  know  all  of  the  candidates  r^ersonally,  therefore,  1  as  an 
attorney  knowing  personally  r^ractically  all  of  the  candidates  as  well  as  their 
record  and  as  an  nctive  citizen  taking  Dart  in  the  affairs  of  city  ^Rrcvernment, 
an  in  ^  nosition  to  render  infornation  and  advice  to  py  clients  and  voters  of 
my  ward.  The  important  i^sue  at  hand  is  to  elect  ju^g^^   who  are  guided  by  integrity, 
and  honesty,  without  selfishness.   I,  as  a  true  Denocrat,  regret  to  say  that  the 
members  of  the  bench  in  all  of  the  courts  of  Cook  Count:  ,  v/ith  rare  exceptions  are 
members  of  tre  ReT:ublican  Party,  and  since  there  are  but  nine  Democrats  judges  in 
all  of  the  branches,  it  is  to  these  9  men  that  credit  for  their  splendid  record 
must  be  given;  the  balance  of  the  bench  which  is  47  judges  are  Rer>ublican,  there- 
fore, there  seems  to  be  irregularity  as  to  the  just  division  of  high  positions  Avhere 
justice  should  "orevail  supreme. 


The  Democratic  party  has  assembled  a  number  of  ^residing  judges,  and  also  some 
leading  attorneys  to  become  candidates  to  the  bench,  for  election  or  re-election. 
Some  of  the  names  re  find  on  t^.e  Democratic  ticket  r.re   men  well-known  for  integrity 
and  honesty  such  as  has  been  displayed  by  the  judges:  Baker,  Clifford,  Mack,  Adams, 
Brown,  Konore,  Kersten,  V/alker,  ''7indes  and  other  prominent,  rtrivate  citizens  such 
as  Brown,  Arthtir,  Burke,  ■  cCoorty,  ^'orrill  and  Lurray. 


-2- 


Dziennik  Zffiazkoffy.  June  5,   1909 


'    I.I  ,  -4 


I 


-7 


POLISH 


After  looking  over  this  list  we  can  rest  assured  that  we  are  giving  the  ri^t  men 
our  support.  We  have,  therefore,  nothing  to  be  ashamed  of.   Citizens,  do  not 
forget,  that  on  Monday,  June  7th,  the  election  for  Jud^^es  is  to  be  held,  and  it 
is  your  duty  to  vote.  Be  sure  to  vote  the  Democratic  ticket  and  assure  your- 
selves of  honest  judicial  administration  in  Cook  County. 


<3 


^s^m 


POLISH 


I  F  6 
I  F  5 

IV 


Dziennik   Z\viazkov:y,    Oct,   1,    1908 


HONEST  RTBLIC  SERVANT 


V;/V. 


Tne  Chicago  news'oapers  r>ublished  a  rer^ort   that   State  Treasurer  John  F.    Smiilski, 
has  returned  to   the  State   tr^asi^r:    $153,158.44;    t'.e  accrued   interest  on  money 
entrusted  to  his  care  for   the  rast   tv:enty-one  months. 


It  was   the  CTiston  of  forr-^er  treasT:rers   to  "oocket   such   stims,    thereby  de'oriving 
the   State  of  this  "profit,      ""he  examr»le  demonstrates   tha.t  an  elected  official 
can  remain  honert,    even   in  m.ihlic   office,      G-overnor  Deneen,    a  "oerronal   friend 
of  Kr,   Smulski,    has  clean -^ed   the   State  DeT)artment  of  greedy  and  cheating 
politicians,    rerlacin^c  triem  v;ith   efficient   and  conscientioiis  men. 

The  corruption  T^ractieed  by  theee  former  Btate  officials,   who  divided  the 
public  funds  among  themselves,    is  not   surrjrising.      The  money,    hov/ever,   has 
noTv  been  returned  to   the  treasury.     The  Ad:"inistration  is  s^rateful   for  its 
selection  of  honest   men;    and  the  gif-antic  vote  given   them  at  each  election 
i?   a   su.bstantial  proof  of  their  integrity,. 


POLISH 


I  F  6 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  Jan.  31,  1908. 
POLITICS  AITD  CORRUPTION 


WPA(!LL)PROJ.  30275 


Politics  is  the  worst  kind  of  two-ed^ed  weapon.  Every  TDolitician,  big  or  small, 
states,  and  sometimes  even  believes,  that  he  works  for  the  good  of  all  humanity,  his 
country,  nation,  city  and  even  for  his  own  community.   Sometimes,  a  politician  will 
admit  that  he  actually  works — for  the  good  of  his  T^arty,  his  class  or  his  own  interests 
In  such  cases,  however,he willnot  fail  to  add  that  on  him  depends  the  good  of  the  whole 
nation,  and  even  humanity.   In  the  false  pretensions  of  such  politicians  there  Is  a 
very  strong  tendency  to  justify  that  old  saying,  "The  end  justifies  the  mean?.*#  Some 
of  these  men,  big  and  small,  will  try  to  rersuade  the  neonle  to  believe  that  .neir 
object  of  goin^  into  politics  is  for  the  good  of  humanity  or  of  the  nation.  He  will 
say:   "How  can  I  be  bound  by  such  trifles  as,  the  life  of  the  individual,  the  right 
of  ownership  of  this  or  that  group  of  society  or  any  other  idealistic  nonsense." 

Such  men  will  sink  deeper  and  deer)er  into  the  bog  of  corrupt  meains,  which,  in  his 
eye%  were  intended  to  serve  a  good  purpose,  but  in  reality  he  harms  not  only  himself, 
but  alf:o  his  whole  nation.  Sich  a  man^lf  strong  enough,  might  lower  the  morality  of 
all  humanity.  Lowering  of  this  standard  causes  a  great  harm  to  all  of  us,  and 
especially  to  tha^e   in  -vhose  favor  it  was  lowered. 


I  F  6 
I  F  5 
I  F  3 
I  C 
IV 


POLISH 


Dziennik  ChicaToski,  Vol.  XV,  No.   77,  I.iarch  31,   1904, 

KEEP  "b:  cut 


."    ..  .  '   I 

.'  -A.  t 


Alderman  Stanley  IT,  Kunz  of  the  sixteenth  ward  has  served  five  odius  terms  in  the 
city  council.  He  is  now  seeking  re-election* 


Alderman  Kunz  voted  the-wron{^  way  v/henever  he  had  the  chance.  ITe  has  worked  against 
the  interests  of  the  city,  and  consequently  a^iainst  the  interests  of  his  ward.  He 
has  betrayed  his  city  and  his  v/ard  and  thereby  caused  them  daraac©* 

He  has  no  conception  of  the  duties  of  r.is  office.  He  looks  upon  re-election  merely 
as  a  new  ticket  of  admission  to  a  happy  ,^rafting  ^^round.  He  is  shameless.  Re 
goes  up  and  down  'is  ward  boasting  of  his  bad  record,  and  asking  votes  on  the 
strength  of  it. 


The  decent  and  respectable  elements  of  the  ward  are  united  in  the  support  of  his 
opponent  K.  B.  Czarnecki,  whose  qualities  :ive  pror^lse  that  he  will  be  a  useful  and 
valuable  member  of  the  city  council  and  a  credit  to  his  ward. 

The  voters  of  the  Sixteenth' ward  have  a  double  reason  for  voting  for  Ivj.  Czarnecki. 
One  is  to  r.et   our  Czarnecki  in.  The  other  is, to  c-et  I.Ir.  Kunz  out. 


I  F  6 
I  P  5 
IV 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Chicagcski,   Apr.  21,   1893, 
1.3.   K.TER  KIOLa^SSA  RJTIIBS  FRCi:  CFF1G2 

(3ditorial) 


'^<L./ 


,r 


V.  r  :a 


•C 


Yesterday  I!r«  Peter  Kiolbassa  formally  retired  froiri  office  as  city  treasurer 
and  made  a  fin^^l  accountine  of  the  funds  under  his  care  to  his  successor. 
These  amounted  to  ;^1,884,680  in  cash,  aside  from  special  funds.  Besides 
this,  Mr.  Kiolbassa  returned  ■;p43,991  to  the  treasury  as  the  remainder  from 
accumulated  interest  on  city  funds.  The  return  of  this  money  aroused  con- 
siderable comment.  I'iS   is  generally  knovjn,  "Dhe  interest  that  accrues  on 
the  city^s  funds  deposited  in  various  banks,  amounting  sonetimes  to  over 
a  hundred  thousand  aollars,  heretofore  belonged  to  the  city  treasurer.  In 
the  campaign  before  his  election,  Llr.  ILiolbassa  promised  that  he  would  turn 
the  interest  back  to  the  treasury.  In  spite  of  the  sarcasm  of  an  unfriendly 
press,  he  proved  himself  honest  and  honorable  and  kept  his  promise. 

In  the  course  of  his  t.»o  years  in  office,  the  accuLiulated  interest  amoimted 


-  2  - 


OLISH 


Dziennik  Chicagoski,  Apr«  21,  1893. 


I  F  6 
I  F  5 
IV 

to  $105, 991*52.  Of  this  sum,  }^.   Kiolbassa  spent,  for  liis  ovm  salary  and   ;" 
the  upkeep  of  his  oifice,  563,000,  in  this  way  saving  the  city  that  amount  - 
of  money.  The  remaining  §45,991.52  was  received  yesterday  by  the  new     v" 
treasurer.  Thus,  ilr.  Kiolbassa  has  presented  to  the  citizens  of  Chicago 
the  suia  of  #106. 991. 52.  It  is  an  exceptional  action  and  the  first  of  its 
kind  in  the  history  of  Chicaso.  Mr.  Kiolbassa  has  earned  the  respect  of 
all  honest  people  and  is  a  source  of  pride  to  all  the  Poles  in  America. 
In  truth,  Mr.  Kiolbassa  promised  the  voters  that  he  would  do  this.  It  is 
well  known,  however,  that  political  promises  are  rarely  made  to  be  kept. 
Of  course,  there  were  many  people,  even  honest  people,  v^ho  doubted  that 
Mr.  Kiolbassa  would  keep  his  proinise.  Only  God  knows  how  many  of  these 
people  would  have  acted  as  he  did  were  they  in  his  place.  His  promise  was 
the  cause  of  constant  attacks  against  him  by  the  unfriendly  press  during 
his  two  years  in  office.  Today — of  his  own  free  will,  for  nothing  com- 
pelled him  to  do  so — Mr.  Kiolbassa  made  good  his  word  because  of  his  own 
inherent  honesty.  By  returning  to  the  city  treasury  money  v/hich  was  legally 
his  own,  he  silenced  his  enemies  and  brought  new  glory  to  the  Polish  name. 


v; 


1 


I  F  6 
I  F  5 
IV 


-  3  - 


POLISH 


Dzieruiik  ChicagosI:!,   Apr.   21^   1893. 


All  the  i^erican  nev/spapers  are  payin^^  homage  to  our  LIr.  ICiolbassa.     Vihere 
other  city  treasurers  hc.ve  left  office  rich,  LIr.  Kiolbassa  left  v/ithout 
material  gain,   but  v;ith  his  head  high — an  honest  man. 


-^, 


\, 


TA 


•*.   -/ 


>' 


1  F  6 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Chicagoskl^  Apr.  14,  1893 


COST  OF  iiXilCTIONS  HT  CHICAGO 


(Summarized  Editorial) 


It  is  a  well-known  fact  that  election  costs  in  Chicago  run  into  hundreds 
of  thouseinds  of  dollars.  In  the  hotly  contested  election  just  passed, 
reliable  estimates  have  it  that  the  Democratic  party,  supporting  Harrison, 
spent  at  least  a  hundred  thousand  dollars;  Allerton  and  the  Republicans 
are  supposed  to  have  spent  at  least  half  a  million  dollars.  A  good  part 
of  this  money  goes  to  the  groups  of  election  workers  that  each  party  main- 
tains at  the  polls. 


The  question  is:  V/here  does  all  this  money  come  from?  Sometimes  the  party 
pays  the  campaign  and  election  costs,  but  oftener  it  is  the  candidate  him- 
self, or  a  few  wealthy  private  individuals,  who  meet  the  expenses. 

Pessimistic  people  have  begun  to  fear  that  at  this  rate  it  will  be  impos- 
sible for  any  man  who  is  not  a  millionaire  to  run  for  public  office.  It 


?  6 


-   2   - 


Dziennik  Chicar-oski ,   rtr)V, 
1,11       I  II  — '       -•— ' 


"i  A 


-  J 


1  c-  o  "t; 


WPA  (ILL)  PROJ.  3027b 


nay  be.  On   the  other  hand,  tivore  have  be-an  occasions  v/hen  the  heaviest 
ban  of  '-old  served  only  to  brin;:  aoout  tho  -reater  defeat  of  ius  ovmer. 
3o  it  vjas  vvitii  .-^l^erton,  ana  so  v^ill  it  oe   .:.ore  than  once  in  ohe  future. 
It  is  difficidt,  if  not  innossible,  to  buy  the  votes  of  a  v;hole  populace. 


I  F  6 


POLISE 


Dziennik  Chicagoskl,  Apr.  23,  1892. 


TK2  POLIC:^  FORCii;  AlID  POLITICS 


(Editorial) 

Chief  of  Police  Mc  Claup:hry  lias  recently  promoted  two  hundred  second- 
class  policemen,  that  is,  reservists,  to  regular  policemen.  They  have 
been  placed  on  the  payroll,  for  v/hich  .loney  has  been  found. 

Meanwhile,  according  to  reliable  sources,  promotions  will  be  made  and  higher 
rating  will  be  ^^iven  to  those  v;ho  v/ill  exert  influence  in  the  nomination 
and  election  of  Aldrich.  Only  those  will  he   accepted  for  promotion  who  will 
definitely  prove  that  they  are  ardent  supporters  of  Aldrich  and  Jashburne. 
A  suitable  method  has  been  reached  whereby  undesirable  candidates  will  be 
eliminated.  It  has  been  put  into  affect  effectively.  V/ashburne  has  in- 
troduced a  so-called  civil  service  exaraination,  which  in  reality  is  a  farce, 
for  by  this  kind  of  test  it  is  easy  to  T)ass  those  that  are  favorable  to  the 
machine  and  disqualify  those  th?.t  are  adverse.  As  soon  as  a  Democratic 


I  F  6 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


Dzlennik  Chicagoski,  Apr,  23,  1892. 

alderman  posts  someone  for  a  promotion,  the  examination  questions  are  made 
so  complicated  that  it  is  impossible  to  pass  them. 


*^*^, 


\ 


'•*•,. 


\ 


I  F  6 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Chiearoski>  Feb.  3,  1892 • 
POLISH  LIkTIOIIAL  ALLi; JIGE  GOLD 

7/ithout  infoining  the  Diot,  v/ithoiit  consultinr  the  ?;^roups,  xvithout  any 
authorization,  the  central  body  of  tho  Polish  National  Alliance  has 
signed  over  the  entire  orf^anization  to  the  Ligi  V/olnosci,  or  Liberty  League, 
and  the  "Powszechnego  Kon,crresu  Republikanskiefto,^  Universal  or  G-eneral 
Republican  Congress,  All  the  groups  v;ere  enthusiastically  informed  of  this 
transaction  by  the  central  office.  Further  discussion  v;as  not  permitted. 
Congratulations! 


Tie  central  body  can  perform  another  unusual  act  b^''  informin/r  its  members 
of  a  detailed  description  of  these  facts. 


^r 


!•  ATTITODES 
G.  War 


ii 


mm 


I**^ 


^•it-^%v-*t^ 


-.«fX;-i-'^-**iw 


i'  '-Wj';''"n^.'i^— n'llai 


»;?K?'S 


^H».^;^| 


4 


I  G 


I  C 


PCLISH 


Dziennik  Zjednoczenia,  Jan.  9,  1929. 

I;ATT3RS  Fi^RTAII'II'a  TO  V/APv  DDBTS 

The  war  debts  of  the  allied  jiuropean  nations  to  the  United  States  have 
been  computed  at  22,400,000,000  gold  Liarks.  This  figure  v/as  originally 
larger,  but  the  United  States  agreed  upon  riakirig  certain  remissions  to 
its  allies  durinf^  the  VJorld  .7ar. 

At  present  propositions  have  been  made  in  the  countries  of  the  former 
allies  to  liquidate  the  debt  in  a  single  payiiient.   The  plan  of  settling 
the  debt  by  yearly  instaLiients,  as  already  afi'reed  upon,  is  not  favored 
any  longer,  and  payment  in  a  lump  sum  is  proposed  instead. 


The  United  States  should  accept  v;ith  enthusiasm  this  offer  from  the 
European  Nations,  v/hich  for  the  past  ten  years  have  not  even  paid  the 
interest  on  the  debt. 

En:husiasn,  liowever,  is  not  evident  here,  and  the  reason  v/hy  this  is 


iswar-p^ 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  ZjednocLenia,   Jan.   9,   1929. 

so   is  that  the  debtors  v/ant  to  have  a  further  cut  oi*  at  least  50  per 
cent  in  their  debt  as  conditional  to  payirfr  in  a  luLip  sum. 

As  a  result  of  this,    the  United  states  v;ould  receive  11,200,000,000, 
this   is  one  half  of  the  22,400,000,000   -old  niarks  owed  her.      The 
11,200,000,000  r*old  iiiarks  loss  v;ould  have  to  be  borne   oy  /kiaerican 
interests.      Jere  the  proposal  to  be  accepted,   the  American  people 
v/ould  have  to  pay  the  debts  of  France,   ^nrland,   Italy,   and  Eel^ium 
to  the  ATierican  Crovermr.ent .     Ko  matter  v;hat  form  of  reinbursement 
is  used,    zhe  A:r.ericans  v/ill  have  to   stand  a  bif,  loss.     That  is  wh^^ 
the  proposal  of  the  J^uropean  nations  dees  net  av/aken  any  enthusiasm 
in  V'/ashin^-ton. 

The  governments  of  the  debtor  countries  are  considerinf^  the  follov/ing 
method : 


^? 


i'''^ 


<^. 


\  ■-.  '^y^  z'l 


>'^~AA..M-»«nM>»-i(3^-< 


-  ;d  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zjednoczenia,  Jan, 


c 


19^9. 


Germany  owes  the  United  States  enoirious  surras  for  reparations;  in  fact 
steps  are  bein^;*  taken  with  Gilbert  of  Gerr.iany  for  the  collection  of 
the  debt.  If  Germany  agrees  to  pay  1,500,000,000  cold  marks  every 
year  for  52  years,  the  QxQts^ii   debt,  plus  interest  at  jj-,  v/ill  amount 
to  20,000,000,000  gold  narks.  Therefore,  the  Gerr.ian  Governirient  should 
establish  a  20  billion  {-old  mark  oblip;ation  sanctioned  by  the  United 
States  Government,  and  the  oblif^aticn  purchased  by  the  American  public 
in  the  form  of  bonds  (Am.erican  capital  is  the  r.ost  stable  in  the  world 
today).  There  would  be  imjnediately  20  billion  -^old  marks  on  hand, 
from  which  the  United  States  Govemraent  could  e^t  11,200,000,000  col^ 
marks,  and  the  rer.t  .'ould  be  disposed  of  in  a  suitable  manner, 

Germany  would  be  relieved  instantly  of  the  paralyzinp-  reparation  debt 
to  the  Allied  nations;  Lhe  economiical  crisis  would  be  ended,  and  there 
v/ould  be  only  the  debt  due  to  private  American  capital  for  the  bond 
issue,  which  v/ould  be  eventually  paid  over  the  62  year  period. 


-  C»_:JoJJClfcati.  3u>C* 


-  4  - 


POLISH 


Dziexmik  Zjednoczenia,  Jan.  9,  1929 • 

The  Allied  nations  would  also  be  relieved  of  debt;  there  v/ould  be  about 
9  billion  left  for  rebuilding  of  destroyed  territory,  France  v/ould 
take  7  billion;  Belgium,  2,400  million. 

This,  as  a  matter  of  fact,  is  too  siiiall  a  sun  for  reparation.  By  right 
the  German  payments  should  be  increased  yearly,  as  m.uch  as  the  financial 
position  of  Germany  allov/s,  but  this  type  of  procedure  would  bring  about 
additional  problems  in  the  settling  of  reparations.  To  avoid  this, 
certain  allowances  have  to  be  made. 


This  is  now  the  former  Entente  Powers  view  the  situation.  They  under- 
stand that  a  plan  such  as  the  one  proposed  does  not  appeal  to  the 
American  Government,  since  half  of  the  total  debt  kept  by  the  Entente 
countries  would  have  to  be  paid  by  the  American  people.  The  plan, 
therefore,  will  be  of  benefit  to  the  European  powers  alone,  which  will 
not  pay  their  full  share  if  it  is  adopted.  Therefore,  the  American 


V 


.  / 


T 


.ta«^K>tan!^-<:«^r.-A.  -  <«e-'V 


-  5  - 


POLISH 


Dzlennik  Zjednoczenia,  Jan.  9,  1929. 


attitude  towards  Germany  is  not  as  stern  as  would  be  expected. 

Although  the  attitude  toward  this  settlement  is  antaconistic  from  the 
popular  viewpoint,  the  press  is  commenting  a  c^eat  deal  on  the  state- 
ment by  Andrew  i.:ellon,  Secretary  of  the  Treasury,  v;ho  said,  ^Economic 
peace  in  Europe  is  worth  ten  times  more  than  all  our  credit."  There- 
fore, the  project  under  which  the  jintente  Powers  are  working  has  as 
its  aim  the  fulfillment  of  peace. 


Nothing  more,  as'sert  the  heads  of  Europe,  could  be  added  to  favor  peace 
than  zhe   removal  of  the  burden  of  reparation.  Upon  this  foundation  the 
French  press  entertains  the  hope  that  the  United  States  ;vill  finally 
agree  upon  the  20  billion  transaction,  undoubtedly  the  greatest  in  the 
history  of  the  world. 


There  is  no  question  that  the  United  States  is  the  sole  creditor  and  prof 
i:t -maker  in  the  world  conflict. 


-  6  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zjednoczenia,  Jan.  9,  1929. 

During  the  war  the  world  admired  the  Americans'  idealisn  and  iininterested 
part  in  the  conflict;  today  it  adirdres  their  talent  and  intelligence 
in  making  a  profit  out  of  it. 

During  the  one  hundred  years  after  the  Napoleonic  v;ars,  the  House  of 
Rothschild  in  France  grew  into  a  power  of  financial  might.  The  prominence 
of  the  Jews  in  the  financial  world  rose  from  the  ruins  of  war  and  revo- 
lution. The  \7orld  '.Var  brought  up  not  only  one  family  to  financial 
dictatorship  in  the  v/orld,  but  also  the  entire  race.  Sombart,  the 
German  economist,  claims  that  the  psychical  origin  of  American  capital- 
ism has  been  greatly  influenced  by  the  spirit  of  the  Jev/s. 


Sijr 1. 


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2  - 


iOLISH 


Dziennik  Zjednoczeniay  ":ov«  12,  1928. 

In  the  event  of  a  v.ar  between  tv;o  evenly  matched  powers,  v.-e  predict  v;ar 
in  the  air.  ...any  persons  r.ay  think  this  impossible;  it  jias  however, 
been  evidenced  in  rn.any  v.ays.   In  the  event  t/.at  the  strength  of  the  eneny 
be  equal  to  that  of  its  opponent,  or  if  the  stren^'^th  of  the  battlesnips 
on  one  side  be  equal  to  those  on  tn  other,  the  result  would  be  that 
counwerait-vjizs,   too,  would  be  equal.   .*e  would  find  ourselves  enca,:ed  in 
a  long  xastinc  war,  dependinf"*  entirely  on  the  effort  expended  in  breaking 
down  and  exhausting  the  spirit  of  the  foe,  and  i.lth  a  final  victory  to 
the  faction,  \hich  could  a.iost  readily  replace  the  loss  of  .len  and  war 
equipiaent. 


^_ 

\ 

!  L, 

,"" 

-  \ 

1  '. 

'A 

0  * 

, 

\   - 

1  \ 

.1  ,^ 

i 

\^> 

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/ 

y 

' 

^ome  people  believe  that  t^io  mechanizinr^,  of  war  i.ould  hasten  its  end. 
however,  if  the  united  states  would  iiappen  to  find  trie  eii^i:^j   equally  pre- 
pared in  this  res'ject,  th^  wiir  \.ould  have  to  be  fou:_"ht  on  an  eoual  basis, 
and  would  last  for  iiany  yc  rs,  as  cid  the  past  ".-orld  '.  ar. 

The  fact  is,  ti^at  we,  .^^ericans,  were  not  prepared  for  i.ar.   It  is 
characteristic,  that  we  prefer  not  to  lead  other  nations  in  the  preparation 
for  war.  It  was  for  that  reason,  that  we  were  forced  to  pay  a  high  price 
at  the  be>:inninc  of  the  war.   It  was  our  luck,  however,  that  we  did  not 


T    f 
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I  G 

TITd 
II  c 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zjednoczenia,  April  25,  1927. 

TO  CCri.'Er.!ORATZ  T}12  f/EMORY  OP  PALLET  SOLDIERS 


A  gold  star  ^vas  the  insif^Tiia  of  a  life  sacrificed  on  the  battle  field.   Such  gold  stars 
n'ere  in  e\xdence  in  nany  Polish  comrruiities  in  Chicago.   Statistics  renort  that  over 
300  of  the  dead  soldiers  of  Chicago  were  of  Polish- American  descent.   In  comnemoration 
of  these  heroes,  the  Reverend  Francis  Kulinski,  chaplain  of  the  American  army,  organized| 
the  Fathers  and  Mothers  Oold  Star  Society,  for  those  v;hose  sons  gave  their  lives  for 
the  ideals  of  this  country. 

This  society  is  the  rride  of  the  Polish  element  in  Anerica,   Americans  and  -oeople  of 
other  foreign  eler.ents  cannot  accuse 'the  ^>eoTole  of  Polish  descent,  of  refusing  to 
enlist  and  particir-te  in  the  nar  hecausp  of   national  discord  on  the  battlefield.   The 
Touroose  of  this  organization  is  to  honor  the  memory  of  the  dead  soldiers  by  celebrating 
a  Koly  I'ass,  and.  decorating  their  graves  annually.   The  most  important  aim  however,  is 
to  erect  a  monument  at  Saint  Adalbert  cemeter.',  for  an  estimated  cost  of  $25, 000 • 
Very  few  of  our  reople  are  aware  of  the  fact  that  there  are  many  soldiers  of  Polish 
descent  buried  in  different  sections  of  our  cemetery;  and  that  with  the  passing  of  time, 
the  memory  of  these  great  men  will  erase  itself  and  leave  the  future  generation  ignorant 
of  the  circumstances  which  caused  the  great  sacrifice  made  by  the  Polish- American  youth, 
during  the  World's  war.  Coming  to  the  aid  of  this  Gold  Star  Society,  in  pursuit  of  this 
honorable  objective,  was  his  Emminence,  Cardinal  Kundelein,  offering  a  sizeable  section 
of  land  on  Saint  Adalbert  Cemetery,  for  the  distinct  purpose  of  assembling  the  remains 
of  all  Polish  soldiers  who  lost  their  lives  in  this  v/ar,  and  bury  them  in  one  designatedj 
section. 


•aMic  '.tn*  I  '  .^wrT-n»»»--««>i-'-ie  «"'., 


POLISH 


-a 


Dziennik  Zjednoczenia,  Aoril  25,  1927. 


/  o 


^   > 


r  J>. 


.V 


V 


In  the  future,  this  section  will  he  used  as  a  feathering  place  for  the  Polish  people 
of  Chicago,  where  in  the  presence  of  God,  they  can  exnress  their  gratitude  to  those 
who  sr-^rificed  their  life  and  suffered  the  hardshim  of  war;  here  also,  youth  shall 
accumulate  that  spirit  necessar;,^  to  face  the  daily  battle  of  life.  Future  generations 
shallf  ^-tli  pride,  rea.d  of  the  fact  that  the  Pole  is  ahle  and  coimoetent  to  defend  any 
just  and  v/orthwhile  cause;  and  they  shall  be  happy  to  know,  Polish  s"oirit,lies  there, 
buried  far  from  its  native  land,  but  in  tliis  humble  meuoLner  makes  the  Polish  name 
honorable. 


In  the  coming  year,  the  tenth  anniversary  of  the  Armistice,  all  America  will  observe 
this  day,  and  v/ith  it,  the  Gold  Star  Society  will  introduce  an  important  moment  to 
the  Polish  element  in  Chica^'O,  by  unveiling  a  monument,  the  description  of  which  • 
follows:   The  cost  of  this  monument  is  $25,000.,  it  will  be  of  Barre  granite  construction] 
thirty  three  feet  in  height,  the  tor)  of  which  will  be'-r  a  grour)  of  three  soldiers,  one 
of  which  will  be  an  Americatn  soldier,  another  ari  Ap.ericaJi  marine,  and   the  third,  that 
of  the  Polish  volunteer  of  General  ^aller's  army.   The  heic^ht  of  these  figures  which 
are  cast  in  bronze,  is  six  and  one  half  feet. 

We  appeal   to  all  Poles  of  Chicago  to  help  maJce  this  honorable  gesture  a  complete 
success.   At  this  time  we  find  that  we  are  still  in  need  of  $10,000.   Therefore,  on 
the  fifteenth  day  of  Tay,  192?  v/e  shall  conduct  a  tag-day,  which,  we  believe,  will 
create  this  necessary  balance* 


■•(■il»»*TT^^^ 


k  i^rmfejf^ 


POLISH 


I  G 


I  D  1  a 


Dziennik  Zjednoczenia,  Jan.  5.  1927.  WPA  (ILL)  PROJ. 30275 

DANGERS  OP  WAR  BETWEEN  MEXICO  AICD  UNITED  STATES 

The  Republic  of  Mexico,  with  President  Calles  as  its  leader,  is  conducting  a 
religious  war  in  Mexico,  as  well  as  an  economic  war  with  its  powerful  neighbor, 
the  United  States.  This  is  a  typical  econonic  war  between  two  cotintries.   The 
most  important  reason  for  this  conflict  is  the  exploitation  of  Mexico  by  American 
industry.  At  one  time.  President  Diaz  opened  the  door  of  Mexico  to  the  United 
States  for  exploitation,  hoping  that  better  uniform  economic  conditions  would 
ensue. 


In  the  year  of  1901  it  relieved  foreign  capital  of  taxes,  the  importation  of 
machinery  and  the  exporting  of  oil  was  also  free  from  taxation.   In  the  year  of 
1907,  the  United  States  settled,  and  assumed  property  ownership  in  Mexico.  An 
English  Association,  Pearson  Co.,  did  likewise  and  Holland  followed  in  1923. 
This  started  a  dispute  among  these  nations.   In  the  year  of  1923,  American 
co-operations  offered  president  Huerta  $200,000,000,  for  exclusive  rights  and 
options  to  their  oil  fields.  However,  a  revolutionary  outburst,  in  Carranza, 
made  it  impossible  to  reach  an  agreement.  Because  of  financial  pressure  at  end 
of  1913,  Washington,  broke  diplomatic  relations  with  Mexico,  and  in  the  month  of 
April  1914,  stationed  an  army  at  Vera  Cruz.  This  action  did  not  meet  with  the 
approval  of  European  nations.  An  open  warfare  was  started. 


POLISH 


I  G 


I  D  1  a 


^2^ 


Dziennlk  Zjednoczenia,  Jan.  5.  1927 .'^"^'^^  ^''^^^'^  ' 


•RO  J.  30275 


The  United  States  had  an  entirely  free  hand.  An  Expedition  under  the  command  of 
General  Pershing,  was  sent  to  Mexico  to  take  disciplinary  action,  which  resulted 
in  attacks  and  invasions  hy  Mexican  bandits  along  the  borders  of  United  States. 
Mexico  will  reply  that  the  constitution  of  Queretaro  of  1917,  included  articles 
of  defiance  against  foreign  finance.   The  most  important  part  is:   "The  land 
ownership  rights  are  restricted  and  confined,  only  to  the  nations  of  Mexico,  and 
concessions  to  mine,  coal,  and  established  water  power  projects*  Mexico  can  also 
grant  the  rights  to  all  foreigners,  providing  they  do  not  seek  the  influence  of 
their  governments"  thus:  American  may  not  acquire  land  or  any  territorial  rights 
within  the  radius  of  100  miles  of  the  border. 

It  is  lastly  stipulated,  that  foreign  stock  companies  are  not  privileged  to 
acquire  tillable  land.  This  enactment  caused  the  United  States  to  be  angry, 
and  created  a  panic  in  the  stock  market.   It  was  understood  that  the  investment 
of  American  capital  is  estimated  at  $2,000,000  dollars;  some  of  the  American 
productive  co-operation  branches  controlling  90  percent  of  ownership.  Any 
addition  to  the  amendment  of  the  constitution,  would  be  a  loss  of  great  wealth. 
Under  pressure^  Washington,  in  1919,  brought  to  attention,  the  conditional 
paragraph  of  foreign  ownership  in  Mexico;  and  president  Obregon,  was  officially 
praised  by  the-administration  in  Washington,  According  to  this  agreement 
condition,  the  amendment  will  bind  only  those  foreigners  who  in  the  future  desire 
to  exploit  the  wealth  of  Mexico. 


I  G 

I  D  1  a 


-3- 


Dziennlk  Zjednoczenia,  Jan.  5^  1927. 


POLISH 


However,  President  Calles,  in  spite  of  the  tradition  set  "by  his  predecessor,  and 
without  regard,  began  applying  rules  to  the  constitution.  After  conducting  a 
series  of  acceptances,  he  designated  the  first  day  of  January  as  the  date  when 
all  foreign  interest  will  be  under  government  jurisdiction.  This  resulted  in  a 
severe  reprimand  by  the  United  States,  in  a  note,  in  which  they  expressed  their 
readiness  to  object,  unless  Mexico  conforms  to  a  decision  handed  down  by  the 
Supreme  Court  in  Hague.  The  Calles  administration  will  dissolve  the  oil 
industry,  supporting  the  action  of  a  revolution  among  their  workers.  It  will 
effect  the  reducing  of  production,  and  the  increasing  xineraployment . 

In  this  conflict,  noble  opinion  would  favor  the  nation  in  which  they  set  up  a 
dominion  of  foreign  capital.   In  addition  to  this  unwarranted  conflict,  the 
question  of  religious  persecution  was  added.  This,  of  course,  is  a  conspiracy 
instigated  by  the  enemies  of  the  church;  using  unemployment  as  a  tool  for 
discontent  and  corruption,  and  creating  thereby  an  artificial  stimulus  for  religious 
conflicts  They  wish  to  place  capital  and  religion  on  one  battlefront,  this  manuever 
should  not  proceed.  With  a  non-partisan  view,  one  can  readily  determine  the  real 
enemy  -  American  capital;  and  the  imaginery  one  -  religion. 


mmm 


■•■•MV* 


I  G 

I  H 
17 


POLISH 


ti^ 


Dziennik  Zjednoczenia,  Vol.XX^/II,  !]o.  115,  ^'ay  1^,  1923, 

juDCi::  r.-RSOKi  A?p  ..L^  TO  rRL::  ID :k?  iL^}rTxr\ 


County  Jud^e  "dmond  K.  JarecKi,  with  the  assistance  of  Anthony  r'zorneckit 
secretary  of  the  Electors  ^tate  Conimission  in  Cook  County,  an  ~  La.wyer  F^^ed^ii 
D.  Ilaguire,  aroealed  to  the  president  in  the  affair  of  the  disabled  Vorld 
V.ur  Veterans,  who  are  now  bein^  deprived  of  suitable  Cure  jiud   are  confined 
in  crowded  hospitals, 

Jud[;e  Jarecki  infori-ied  President  Harding,  that  since  the  year  1920,  at  least 
a  thousand  of  these  unfortunate  veterjns,  who  became  meuttilly  ill  as  tae  re- 
sult of  t.iat  horrible  war,  were  placed  in  state  institutions,  which  were  al- 
ready filled  beyond  capacity. 

During  the  past  few  days  the  number  of  patients  has  increased,   Jarecki 
claims  that  for  the  pact  few  we^:ks,  he  was  forced  to  r.-end  these  veteran  men- 
tal cases  in  lar^ie  nuTibers  to  these  state  institutions. 

President  Harding  instructed  General  Tawyer,  the  •••hite  Tiouse  physician,  to 


-2- 


PCLITH 


Dziennik   Zjednoczenia,    Vol.    X'?/II,    No.    115,    May  16.    1923. 


undertake  irruaadiate   action   in  this    imnortant   afrair  pres-onted  b  ' 
Jarecki    in  the   session,    which  is   to  take  place   on  Friday, 


t'ud^e 


In  his  a-idress  to  the  pre£id(int, Jud^e  Jarecki  cried  out; 

"'Vith  the  aid  of  records  v/e  may  confirin  that  a  larre  n'rnher  of  these  voter- 
ans,  who  have  lately  been  confined  to  these  st^ite  institutions  as  ^^lental 
cases,  originate  from  goo  1  fa:nilies.   lentil  new  the  [overmnent  has  ^one  a 
great  deal  for  the  veterans,  who  were  wounded  and  ii Tabled  in  the  Vorld  'ar, 
but  for  the  veterans  afflicted  :nentall.%  the  result  of  a  distorted  brain, 
suffered  during  the  war,  nothini^'  has  yet  been  done.   F'or  this  reason,  we 
must  undertake  immediate  interest  in  this  affair  of  building  federal  liospi- 
tals  for  these  mental  unfort  mates. " 


♦^Everyone  is  well  aware  or   the  fact  that  tne  present  number  of  iiospitals 


-3- 


POLISH 


(^ 


^ 


Dziennik  Z.jednoczenia,  Vol.  IC^'II,  No.  115,  "«y  l^t  1923. 

does  not  fulfill  our  needs.      'The    state  hospitals  in  Elgin,  KanVakee,  and 
Dunning  are  so  filled  that  it  is  impossible  for  us  to  hospitalize  any  more 
veteruns  and  give  the.i  suitaide  care,  meanwhile,  the  number  of  sick  steadily 
increases.  »♦ 

"  IHverybody  knows  about  it,  and  this  fact  ^ives  a  nev/  argument  against  the 
government  to  the  subversive  elements  and  the  instigators  of  revolutions. 
They  stand  upon  corners  and  as  "foap-Box  Orators",  they  make  speeches  to  tiie 
youth,  in  which  they  hint  at  facts  Just  previously  '^jxplained  and  sow  lislixce 
for  the  American  Government  and  its  system  of  govtsrnin^.   In  tnis  way  tney 
poison  American  rociety." 


"I,  on  my  part,  observe  this  to  be  my  holy  obligation  to  care  for  those  un- 
fortunates and  demand  for  them  justice,  as  well  as  provisions  afalnst  the 
harm,  v/hich  is  being  done  to  them.   This  is  why  I  appeal  to  the  authorities 


I 


POLISH  '   >         V 


-4-  

Dzlennlk  Z.lednoczeniat   Vol.   X:{VII,    No.    115,   '^ay  16,    1^23. 

in  .Vasnincton,    preisentin^"  to  them  the   entire    situation   ttud  "be^/  in£  tnem  to 
tuke    im.v.ediata    interest    in   thi5    irr^portant    Liffuir.      ;;ith   i:.v   fuitn   in  t:ie 
American   f  overn"^.ent,    I   have    assurance   tliat    my  ;jieas    and  j^luns    snali    not    be 
discarded. " 


,-/ 


Jud£e  Jarecki's    appeal    aroused   rreat    interest    In   administrative   circles,      ^"e 
have  ^reat   hopes  that  this   rn8.£;nificent  work  of  Jud^e  Jarecki  will   brin^    re- 
sults,   for  which  the  V/orld  'Var  Veterans  v/ill   be  (grateful   to  hi^i  the   rest    of 
their  lives. 


POLISH 


II  B  1  c  (3) 

III  H 


Dziennlk  3hicagoski,  Jan.  12,  1922» 


ACTI7ITIJS  OF  Gj^NTiSUL  K\11^R'3  YJIjR^^S 


Nev/s  of  Brighton  Park 


On  last  Tuesday,  January  3,  the  Polish  Army  Veterans'  Post  Number  Nine 
held  its  annual  installation  ceremonies,  at  .vhich  Diplomas  of  recognition 
for  v/or-:  on  behalf  of  Polish  veterans  ware  presented  to  the  Reverend  James 
Skrzycki  and  to  the  members  of  the  Citizens*  Committee  of  the  ward,  I'Jessrs. 
J»  Kieradlo  (president  of  the  Co:nr.iittee) ,  J.  V/robel,  ?•  V;[iertlak,  LI,  Cicho- 
szewski,  K.  I.Iarcinkiewics,  J.  Ciehoszewski,  ?.   Romolewicz,  J.   Derdzinski, 
and  I!.  Pav/loski^  These  are  the  men  v;ho  have  steadily  worked  to  help  the 
Haller's  arm^r  veterans  from  the  time  when  they  sent  them  in  the  days  of  the 
war  to  light  for  the  freedom  and  independence  of  Poland,  They  did  not  forget 
to  give  the  veterans  a  proper  reception  on  their  return  from  war,  and,  they 
have  continued  to  aid  them  up  to  the  present  time*  VJhen  the  diplomas  v/ere 
presented,  each  recipient  addressed  the  meeting.  The  speech  of  the  Reverend 
J.  Skrzycki  deserves  particular  mention;  as  first  speaker  he  lauded  our 


CO 


I  0 

II  B  1  c. 

I  III  H 


(3) 


-^  2  ^ 


Dziennik  Chicagoski,  Jan.  12,  1922. 


POLISH 


'enthusiasm  and  devotion  in  our  patriotic  efforts.  The  next  speaker  v;as  the 
director  of  the  Polish  National  illliance,  Mr.  S^^mowiec,  who  described  in 
glowing  words  the  experiences  and  the  sacrifices  of  Haller's  veterans  and 
lauded  their  present  activities,  vjliich  deseire  wholehearted  support  on  the 

.part  of  the  Polish  community. 


IP- 


After  several  others  had  delivered  short  addresses,  the  Reverend  Mr.  Skrzycki, 
again  took  the  floor  and  donated  to  the  post  twenty-five  dollars  for  wounded 
veterans,  for  v;hich  he  received  sincere  thanks.  Thereafter  Veteran  Karpi- 
szev/ski,  formerly  employed  at  the  stockyards  and  now  unemployed,  received  a 
gift  of  five  dollars. 

The  meeting  passed  a  resolution  to  participate  with  the  Citizens*  Committee 
of  the  ward  in  the  parish  bazaar,  and  it  donated  a  score  of  Hallerczyk  {Haller^s 
army  veteran)  calendars.  After  singing  of  several  soldier  songe,  the  meeting 
came  to  an  end  with  the  chanting  of  the  patriotic  **Oath"  by  the  Polish  poet 
Konopnicka. 


CD 
Or 


I  G 

: 

I  C 

i 

III  H 

III  B  2 

V 

I  K 

III  3^. 

jtJiiZ 


POLISH 


Dzlennik  Zjednocgenia^  Vol#  XX7,  no.   71,  hov.  Z,   1921# 


HOW  MiLNY  OF  US  W  CHICAGO  PEEL  BEIWG  CHILDREl^^  OF  POLISPI  EXTRACTION? 


Only  once  in  the  lives  of  Polee^  men^  women  and  children^  of  the  city  of 
Chicago^  have  we  the  possibility  of  witnessing  and  heartily  greeting  one 
of  the  greatest  amy  leaders  in  the  world,  Ifeirshal  Focfa,  coxalng  to  America 
from  France^  and  who  this  Standay  will  be  greeted  by  many  groups  and 
organisations,  or,  in  other  words,  by  every  loyal  Pole« 

Germans  and  other  foes  of  the  Poles  in  Chicago  openly  allege  that  the 
American  Polish  citizen,  speaking  in  general  about  the  massive  Chicago 
Polonia,  will  not  understand  and  will,  therefore,  be  unable  to  benefit 
from  the  marshal* s  presence  for  the  cause  of  Polish  affairs* 

Those  who  offered  their  chests  as  targets  during  the  war  for  Poland;  those 
who  fought  and  shed  blood  in  order  to  protect  the  world  from  the  German 
whip  and  boot,  and  iriio  are  experienced  in  knowing  iriiat  is  best  for  any 
thing  that  is  Polish,  have  already  given  an  answer  to  their  enemies  with 
this  public  annoiincement*  This  Siuiday,  attired  in  the  same  xmiforms  that 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


Dgjennlk  Zjednoczenla^  Vol»  XXV,  No#  71,  Nov#  2,  1921» 

we  wore  when  we  fought  in  France  and  Poland,  we  will  be  present  to 
greet  Marshal  Foch«  The  Polish  National  Alliance,  the  Polish  Roman 
Catholic  Union,  the  Polish  Alioa  liater,  the  Women's  Alliance,  the 
Polish  Falcons*  Organisation,  the  Polish  World  War  Veterans  Organi* 
sation,  the  Polish  Armies  Alliance,  the  Catholic  Foresters  Society, 
and  many  other  groups  will  take  an  active  part  in  the  coming  parade 
and  demonstration  in  honor  of  Marshal  Foch*  Every  Polish  pastor  in 
Chicago  was  informed  and  invited  to  encourage  every  Polish  member 
residing  in  the  parish  to  participate  in  this  great  fete  for  a  great 
man.  Marshal  Foch*  From  Polish  pulpits  came  the  request  and  the  urge 
to  be  present  at  the  parade,  iftiich  will  march  beneath  the  colors  of  a 
Polish  banner*  He  who  is  alive  and  believes  in  God  and  loves  Poland, 
let  him  stand  under  the  banners  of  free  America,  Poland,  and  friendly 
France,  next  Sunday • 


I  g  . 

Ill  H 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Z^^ednoczenia,  Vol*  25,  Ko.  70,  Oc toiler  31,  1921 
GEs'SRAL  FOCH  AlTD  OUR  IIvUvlIOR/lTION 


Marshal  ?och,  the  victorious  chief  commaiider  of  the  entire  anti-Gernian 
coalition  araies  in  the  77orld  'Var,  will  arrive  in  Chicago  next  Saturday. 

Chicago  is  the  capital  of  our  large  Polish  organizations  in  America,  therefore 
our  Chicago  Polish  settlement,  reoresented  by  the  managements  of  our  organ- 
izations, may  receive  I'.arshal  Foch  in  the  name  of  the  whole  Polish  American 
Immigr^ition,  expressing  thereby  its  sentiment* 

The  whole  city  is  preparing  very  energetically  for  the  reception  of  this 
greatest  military  leader,  for  we  wish  to  give  him  a  grajid  reception. 

We  are  positive  that  great  throngs  of  people,  such  as  never  had  been 
witnessed  before  in  Chicitgo,  will  come  out  to  greet  this  great  conqueror 
of  Germany  and  her  Allies. 


Now,  it  is  our  great  duty  to  see  that  our  Polish  immigration  does  its  part. 


-2- 


POLISH 


/ 


Dziennik  Zjednoczenia>  Vol.  25,  No.  70,  October  13,  1921 


that  it  should  not  "be  last,  that  it  should  come  out  in  great  numbers  and 
demonstrate  very  strongly  the  sentiments  of  our  Polish  immigrants  in  America, 
towards  that  great  son  of  France  and   great  defender  of  the  Polish  cause 
at  every  opportunity. 

Tie   should  demonstrate  very  loudly,  and  prove  -  not  only  our  numerical 
strength,  but  also  the  feowledge  of  political  affairs  and  by  that  action 
shov/  that  we  appreciate  the  friendly  attitude  of  France  and  her  greatest 
warrior  towards  us.  A  proper  demonstration  of  our  immigrants  may  have  a  very 
powerful  influence  upon  llarshal  Foch  and  his  attitude  toward  Polish  cause, 
including  whole  France. 

A.  proper  demonstration  on  our  side,  in  honor  of  the  great  commander-in-chief 
of  the  allied  armies  will  not  only  be  a  great  surprise  to  him,  but  will 
also  increase  his  authority  at  a  French  conference  which  will  be  held  in 
Washington,  D.  C.  At  the  same  time  he  may  render  a  great  service  to  Poland 


-3- 


POLISH 


Dziennlk  Zjednoczenia,  Vol.  25,  No*  70,  October  13,  1921 

We  will  appear  as  Americans  of  Polish  descent.  As  citizens  of  the  United 
States  we  will  play  a  very  imoortant  part. 

We  should  not  neglect  this  great  opportxinity,  of  raaking  the  visit  of  this 
great  man  very  pleasant  for  him.  We  should  hear  in  our  minds  that  Kar  shal 
Foch  is  now  the  idol  of  the  people  and  very  important  person  in  the  world. 

We  have  a  ^reat  opportunity  now  to  honor  a  great  man  and  at  the  same  time 
to  heir)  Poland. 


I  G 
III  H 


POLISH 


Daiexinlk  Zjenoctrala,  Vol#  XXV,  No*  69,  Oct*  SO,  1921. 


[-J^Kp] 


POLONIA  WILL  GREET  MARSHAL  FOGS;  ORGANIZATIONS  FLAJI  A  HUGE  CELEBRATION 


All  Polish  national  organisations  have  combined  with  the  aim  of  selecting 
a  program  to  greet  our  friend  and  military  genius.  Marshal  Fooh  of  France, 
an  honor  that  should  not  be  neglected  by  any  one  of  us# 

Marshal  Foch  is  coming  to  America  at  the  request  of  the  World  War  Veterans • 
organizations.  Ee  will  be  their  guest  during  his  entire  stay. 

It  is  our  ambition  to  make  this  glorious  fete  in  honor  of  this  very  dear 
friend  a  never-to-be-forgotten  occasion. 


I  G 
III  H 


POLISH 


Dzlennlk  Z.lednoozenla,  Vol*  XXV,  No,  6?,  Oct.  2?,  1921. 
CHICAGO'S  FOLONIA  V/ILL  GxR3ET  i.'A^.  SHALL  FOCH 


Marshall  Fooh,  the  great  leader  of  the  French  and  allied  armies,  will  oome  to 
Chicago,  Sunday,  Sept*  6th.  A  massive  parade  will  be  staged  in  his  honor. 

Marshall  Foch  is  not  only  a  representative  of  France,  but  as  we  know,  is  one  of 
the  best  friends  of   the  young  Polish  Republic^  and  for  this  reason* alone,  the 
entire  Chicago  Polonia  should  be  present  in   voicing  their  '.varmest  greetinfrs. 

A  Polish  vj^eloome  ooii.mittee  will  be  selected  from  one  of  the  larniest  Catholic 
organizations,  the  Knights  of  Columbus. 

The  entire  manifestation  if  properly  executed  as  vve  hope  it  to  be,  v/ill  then  be 
one  of  our  most  p-lorious  events. 

rr.  Ilulihan  informs  us  that  over  thirty- five  thousand  members  of  the  K.  of  C. 
will  take  active  part. 

7/e  will  have  permission  not  only  to  display  the  American  banners,  but  those  of 
the  other  notions  also.  ?:verything  will  be  allowed  that  will  add  to  the  splen- 


Dziennik  Z.iednoozenlat  Vol . 


XXV,  No.  67.  Oot,  27.  192'"'''^ 


rCLISH 


dor  ofthis  oocasion.   It  will  be  a  day  of  honor  for  the  Poles.  The  time  is 
short,  so  remember  to  do  your  bit* 


I  G 


III  H 
III  B  2 
IV 


PCI IS H 


.■:rrod  PoTski,  Vol.  ZXIV,   !:c,  17,  -vpril   25,   192C, 


( < 


r: 


a* 


r  .--^ii-  K.-LJ 


C:  ICAGO 


Af 


b 


"7 


The   first   contingent  of    lolish   troc-.ps  v.^-.o  served  in  Prance  arri-^-ed   in 
Chica-o    on  April"^2o,  1?20,   at  IIP*   ::•   The  Union  St'ition  vms   filled 
v;ith  thron'  s  of  Polish  ^'OOTjIc   since  noon  tire«    The    sidev/alks    in   front 
of   the   Vnion  Station  v;ere  also   filled  v;ith  friends   end    relatives   of 
the  7/ar  heroes*    -.lanv  reli,':icus   and    national    societies  tool:  rart  in 
the  welcome* 


The   Citizens^    Coinr/.ittee  frou   Tov/n  of  Lake,   headed  by  Mr*    i  ronislavr 
Korale^vsl'i,    supplied  the   autoriobiles   for  the    returning;   heroes*  I.Ir* 
ii*  L*   Piotrov/ski,  president   of   the   Polish   Roi:i8>n-C  thclic  Union,    invited 
all    the   returnin-;;   soldie.rs   to   the    hall    of  the    Union  for   a   dinner   jiven 
by  the   Polish  i.c.tic  nal   Jepartraent*    'j^Yie   speeches    at   t/.e    dinner  v:ere 
rendered  by  L^r*   ..•   L,   Piotrowski,  who  spoke  for   the   Polish  ir-?.tional 
Department   and  the   Polish  Roman-Catholic  Union,   and   by  Mr*   J.  Mar:dsiars, 
v;ho  spoke   for  tl:e   Polish   h:  ticnal  Alliance*   The   rerresentf;  bive   of  the 


c 


"POT    -C^.' 


hs.rcd  Polr':i,   Vol •   XXr/,   ..o,    17,  April    28,    1S20. 
Polish  Falcons    spoke  also,   Ctl  or  speakers  were     '.Vm    Chodzinskas  and 


Le sides    tjic    dinner  the  Fe]i?h  hercec  ivere  also   preGcnted  vdth   flov;ers 
and  otlier   :ifts»   The  r.ieetinp  7;as  very  e::ici:i  3nal  •    The  v/ives,    brothers, 
sisters,    sr/eethearts  and   Triends   cf  the    retr'rninp    soldiers  v/ere   there* 
There  v.-p..*^    ^re^.t    ioy  for    it  brouj'-ht   teors   to   the  eves   of   trie    p^reetersi 
reporters   of   t'/^e  Ar.crica:i  papers   took  pictures  at  the   station  and 
in  the    street. 


The  returning-;   Polish  soldiers  7/liO   served  under   ..eneral   jailer   in  France 
are   Icokin"   fine:    in  fact   thev  loci:  better  nov/  thcai  at  the    time  they 
:ere  le'^^vinr  for   France. 


In   such  hig'h  sririts   the    soldiers  fron  the  Ilaller's  Army  ""-.re  beinr 
greeted   in  i.Iilv;au!:ee,   Detroit,   .uffalo  and  other   cities. 


BU!.rji;,it,i»;. 


I  G 


Polonia,  Vol.  XIII.  No.  20.  May  13,  1919. 


THE  SOLDI IRS  RETURN 


A  CONTR.\ST 


POLISH 


WPA  (ILL)  PROJ.  30275 


The  other  day  a  group  of  about  forty  soldiers,  menbers  of  the  Polish  army  came 
into  town.  They  left  the  train  at  the  station,  came  to  92nd  St.  and  Commercial 
avenue,  looked  around  and  then  went  on  their  way.  There  was  no  one  to  meet  them; 
no  welcome  sign  to  greet  them,  and  few  who  paid  any  attention  to  them. 

Perhaps  they  recalled  in  their  minds  the  scene  of  their  departure,  bands  playing, 
flags  waving,  people  cheering  and  all  that  went  with  a  typical  soldiers  farewell. 

They  came  back  victors  for  the  Allied  armies  of  wh^ch  they  were  a  part  and  rarcel. 
accomt)li8hed  everything  that  the  people  desired.  The  war  has  been  over  for  a  year 
and  a  half  now,  however,  and  the  enthusiasm  of  the  t^eorile  has  subsided. 

People  of  today  are  no  different  than  they  were  years  ago  and  centuries  ago. 
Public  gratitude  is  just  as  fickle  and  as  short-lived  toay  as  centuries  ago.  We 
sent  our  soldiers  away  like  heroes,  but  we  are  found  wanting  when  they  return. 

What  happened  in  the  case  of  these  soldiers  has  happened  with  our  own  American 
boys,  and  what  happened  in  our  town  is  typical  of  the  scenes  that  prevail  all  over 
the  land. 


I  G 


-3- 


Polonia,  Vol.  XIII.  No.  20,  May  13,  1919. 


POLISH 


We  are  all  the  same  and  we  are  all  deserving  of  the  same  censure.  The  other  day 
the  writer  chanced  to  be  downtown  at  one  of  the  big  railroad  stations,  and  on 
trucks  were  flag-draped  caskets  of  American  heroes  who  have  perished' on  the  battle- 
fields of  Europe.  A  few  soldiers  stood  on  guard,  some  Deople  looked  at  the  fla©- 
draDed  biers  and  asked  questions;  occasionally  some  one  raised  his  hat,  but  one 
glance  was  enough  for  most  of  them,  as  they  hurried  on  their  way.  To  them  the  war 
is  over,  suid  with  it  has  departed  all  their  feeling  of  at)t)reciation  toward  the  men 
who  made  the  great  sacrifices  for  them  and  the  world.   It  is  sad,  but  nonetheless 
true. 


We  have  heard  some  of  the  boys  who  have  been  there  complain,  and  we  can  imagine  what 
others  think,  and  one  can't  blame  them  either.  But  then  the  human  race  is  made  out 
of  the  same  sort  of  clay  today  that  it  was  centuries  ago,  and  civilization  has  failed 
to  make  it  any  more  appreciative  than  it  was  in  the  early  or  so-called  dark  ages. 


mimtt^m^''^ata 


Isrcd   ?ols::i.  Vol.  XXIII,  •:o.  17,  April  2d,   1919. 


Lj\J  1       V  1    ^1  'J_'l  I      IJ  1    .     J.V  1  X      IjU^i^.      Lull iJo 


IJenbcrs    ^  C  the  lolish  Roiian-C   tholic  Union: 


Fa.  TSri 


The   Poles  \'crc  r-^lvrays    r_'ratcful«    This    sprinrs    rro.i  the   i^olish  n::^t;ure» 
Vilaoever  in  a   great  cai.se  de  ons  trated  to  i  ^   a   friendly/  heart  and   j^ave 


us 


a  hand,   to  hii.i  every  Pole   has  a   duty  to   shov-  his   gratitude. 


In  BuroT-.e  not  one    of    tac  Tien  of   state  dared  to   sr/allow  the  v;ords,    "In- 
dependence  for   Poland,"  President   .iilson  did  nob   only  utter  these  v/ords 
bu\.  rut  ur>  the    independence   of   a   United  Poland  as   one   of   the   conditions 
of  a  v;orld  peace,   and   tliese  v;ere  not   empty  words.   To  overcoiae  Prussian 
autocracy  and  to  libera  be  fron  slavery  Polani   and  other  oppre seed 
n.  tlv-.u;,    he   put  up  all   the    pavers  and  neans   of   the  United  States.   Today 
T;hen     the  uerr,ian  povrer  h'j  s  been  conquered.   President  \7ilson  is   endeavor- 
ing for   the  fulfillment   of  these   preliiiiinary  deuiands.   President  '.Vilson 
v/as  the  first  to  recor.nize  tlie   Polish   "overrixient  ivith  Prenier  Paderevrski 
at   its   head,   i-ehind  hin  went   l  I'ance,   Pn^land  and   Italy.   President  Wilson 
did  not   only  do   for   Poland  ^.\i:iat  he'  prornisod,   but   secured   for  us    indeiinity 


FCLISH 


liarco 


Polsl-i,  Vol*   XXI' I,   !;c.    17,  April    23,   1919» 


froia    -err.iany,  v.-hich  a  rel'ti\-e   ccil  ■ssicii  calculates   at  a  billion  dcllprst 


Vfith  tlie  reccrnendatiun  cf  rresijent  '.Tilsc.n,    bhe    focd    corr-issicn  as  ?;ell 
as    the  iiain  conniiand   of  the    aed    Cross  are   coiiductin^^;  activities   to  feed 
Poland,  lie   sent  two   cable^raiiiS   from  Paris   to   Con;ress  in  7i8.shington  a-. out 
av:ardin[^;  the  one  iiundred  mllion  doll.:.r   firnd   for    feediir-    devastated 
countries,   end  Poland  was    in  the   first  line. 

In  return  for  this    oufht  vre   not   feel    rratefi'^l   in  the  presence   of  President 
7J"ilson  and   trie   "  ovonu^ent   of   th's    cou;:try?   This    coi;:'trv.   to   conduct   such 
a  v.T.r  and   bo  defeat   such  a    terrible    cneiiy,  Liade   itself   liable  to   jreat 
costs   and   in  order  to   cover   these    costs,    is    c^cntracti    :.:   a   loan   in  bonds. 
Jhis   lo-:n  should  hold  v.r.  t/ie    credit  and   the   outside   defensive   position 
cf  the   United   States. 


In  this  persuasion  v;e  ov;e  it,   dear  r.ieiiibers   of  the  ^y^vAor^.^   to  lead   in 
the  buyin     cf  Victory  Liberty  Loan  i:onds.    The    conditions   of  purchase 
are   exceptionally  beneficial  •      Ti\Q,   incerest  reaches   4   0/4;^,   and  it   is 


3 


I 


POI.IS1I    \\ 


i:arod  iols':i.  Vol.  XXIII,   IIo.   17,  April    25,   1919 


e::eiiipt   fron  incorx    tax  r-.rx::   other   feew<5.   The   pr;.:;7.icnt    c-:n  be   ccripleted  in 
a  period  of   six  I'onths. 

Ther.e   ccnditioDs  nake   triis    loan  an   invectnent  of   exceptional  vr.lue  r.nd 
on  acccir..t    q2  thi:.t   I  be^;  you,  nei::bers   o/'  the  Union,    to  support  this 
cause  vritli  ail  your  r.ilcrht.   Buy  Victory  Liberty  Loan  :.onds»  lie  v/ho 
buys    such,  a   bond  helps   loland. 

Fol-nd  needs    our    help  today,   end  v.-e   canriot   succeed  except   in  a  hcv.ririo- 
nious,   honest   understanding  vdth  PreGident  V.'ilson  r'.n6,   lis    _  overriiient . 

Tembers   of   the  Union,    let  us   shov;  ourselves   rrateful   and   faithful*   Con- 
tribute  tov.^ird  the   nucces:,   of  this   cause. 


Yours  alv":^ys   devoted, 

U.  L«   Pio^rov7ski 
Iresident  I-.  R«   C«  Union. 


!\ 


I  G 


POLISH 


Polonia,  Vol.  XII.  No.  48,  Nov.  2Q^   1918 
"Peace  Work  of  the  American  Red  Cross." 

All  nations,  whether  they  have  been  friends  or  enemies  of  the  United  States, 
are  to  be  helped  ^  our  government  if  they  desire  it,  says  President  V/ilson,  and 
the  American  Red  Cross  is  fully  in  accord  with  this  policy. 

As  rapidly  as  the  restauration  of  peace  and  order  permit^,  the  American 
Red  Cross  will  help  the  nations  of  Europe  to  regain  their  normal  lives. 

Its  representatives  will  be  found  everywhere  relieving  starvation,  sick- 
ness and  sorrow  as  far  as  its  funds  will  allow.  The  relief  work  now  going  on 
in  France,  Belgium,  Italy,  Greece,  Serbia,  Armenia,  Syria,  Palestine,  Siberia, 
and  elsewhere,  will  be  continued  and  as  soon  as  conditions  present  and  opening, 
the  same  service  will  be  given  to  the  Czecho-Slovaks,  Jugoslavs,  Rumanians, 
Russians,  Poles  and  other  nationalities  in  need  and  desiring  our  aid.  The  .Amer- 
ican people  will  share  their  abundance  with  those  who  are  suffering  and  thereby 
prove  that  their  generosity  did  not  depend  upon  the  excitement  of  war,  but  can 
respond  as  freely  to  the  demands  of  peace. 

According  to  reports  reaching  Red  Cross  National  Headquarters,  the  suffer- 
ing in  Europe  will  be  unprecedented  unless  relief  on  a  large  scale  is  given, 
and  to  meet  this  situation  promptly,  the  American  Red  Cross  will  need  continued 
financial  support  from  the  American  people. 

The  week  before  Christmas,  December  16-23,  has  been  set  aside  for  this 
purpose.  It  will  be  known  as  the  Red  Cross  Christmas  Roll  Call.  During  this 


POLISH  (2) 


Polonia^  Nov.  28,  1913 


week  it  is  hoped  that  the  entire  American  people  will  enroll  as  members  of 
the  American  Red  Cross  so  that  the  message  can  go  out  to  the  world  on  Christ- 
mas Eve*  The  nation  is  in  sympathy  v/ith  this  Red  Cross  policy. 

•  V/hat  finer  Christmas  gift  can  be  conceived?  Our  ovm  soldiers  and  sailors, 
as  well  as  those  of  our  Allies »  who  v/ill  be  under  arms  for  many  months  yet, 
will  be  cheered  by  such  an  announcement  knowing  that  the  attention  of  the  Red 
Cross,  which  they  have  learned  to  value  highly,  will  be  continued. 

Victims  of  the  v/ar,  in  all  countries,  will  be  equally  encouraged  by  a 
unanimous  enrollment  in  the  Red  Gross.  Such  approval  of  its  relief  work  by 
the  American  people  will  be  an  antidote  to  the  pessimism  which  might  take 
possession  of  these  sufferers  when  they  survey  the  v/reokage  of  the  last  four 
years. 

The  chief  aim  of  the  Red  Cross  Christmas  Roll  Call  is  to  enroll  members 
at  one  dollar  a  year,  a  sum  so  modest,  virtually  every  one  can  afford  to  Join. 
Membership  in  the  Red  Cross  will  enable  men  and  women  to  register  his  or  her 
approval  of  the  Red  Cross  spirit,  and  in  the  aggregate,  a  general  response  to 
the  Roll  Call  will  furnish  millions  of  dollars  for  the  maintenance  of  relief 
work  this  winter. 

The  more  generously  we  respond  to  the  Red  Cross  Christmas  Roll  Call,  the 
sooner  will  devastated  Europe  be  rebuilt  and  the  sooner  will  the  nightmare  of 
war  be  banished.  Let  every  one  answer  "Here.."  v/hen  the  roll  is  called. 


I  G 
III  D 

17 


POLISH 


Dzlennlk  Zwlazkowy^  Sept.  27,  1918# 

NI?«S  FROM  NORTH  CHICAGO 
ORGANIZATION  MEETING  OF  THE  POLISH  DIVISION 
OF  THE  FOURTH  LIBERTT  LOAN  DRIVE 


The  Polish  Division  of  the  Fourth  Liberty  Loan  Drive  Committee  held  an  organi- 
zation meeting  on  Tuesday,  September  24,  1918,  at  Our  Lady  of  Rosary  parish  hall# 

Mr*  Max  Frzyborski  was  unanimously  selected  chairman  of  the  meeting,  and 
Mr«  F*  Mazewski  was  made  secretary*  The  chairman  expressed  his  gratitude  for  the 
honor  bestowed  upon  him*  He  then  appealed  to  t?t3ry  one  present  to  fulfill  his 
obligations  faithfully  so  that  the  Poles  in  America  may  demonstrate  to  the  world 
at  large  that  our  people  always  occupy  first  place  in  matters  in  which  the  wel- 
fare of  America  and  of  Poland  are  concerned* 


CD 

CO 


cj- 


^e  appeal,  therefore,  to  you,  fellow  Poles, ^  said  the  chairman,*^  to  demonstrate 
your  loyalty  to  the  United  States  by  purchasing  American  Liberty  Bonds*  If  the 
Poles  wish  to  show  how  much  they  are  inspired,  and  how  axixious  our  people  are  to 


I  G 

III  D 

IV 


-  2  - 


Dzlennlk  Zwlazkowy,  Sept«  27 ^  1918* 


POLISH 


attain  Tictory  over  our  common  foe,  the  best  way  to  manifest  It  is  to  bay  Libez^y 
Bonds  through  the  Polish  Committee.  Every  purchaser  who  does  so  will  be  re» 
corded  as  a  Pole  and  a  good  citizen  of  this  country*  ** 

The  Polish  Committee  on  Liberty  Bonds  will  issue  subscription  blanks  every  evening 
at  7  o* clock,  beginning  on  September  30,  1918,  at  Our  Lady  of  Rosary  parish  hall* 

«And  so  everyiigfat  -minded  Pole  should  make  application  to  this  Polish  Committee 
at  the  designated  place*  We  shall  thus  be  certain  that  we,  as  Poles,  will  receive 
due  credit,  and  that  our  people  will  gain  first  place  for  their  purchases  of 
bonds*  This  will  prevent  other  nationalities  from  obtaining  undue  recognition* 

«Termit  us  to  remind  you  that  we  Poles  are  of  the  Allies*  Every  ^ember  of  an 
Allied  Natioj^  has  his  individual  duty  to  perform  and  has  an  individtial  obli- 
gation to  fulfill.  Those  of  us  who  cannot  fight  in  the  front  lines  should  not 
feel  that  they  are  unable  to  contribute  to  make  the  victory  of  our  cause  a  reality* 
It  is the  duty  of  every  good  citizen  not  in  actual  combat  to  lend  money  to  this 
Government  and  to  endeavor  to  persuade  others  to  do  likewise*  The  purchase  of 
these  Liberty  Bonds  should  not  be  delayed  but  should  be  made  as  soon  as  they  appear* 


3r 


\ 


A 


I  G 

III  D 

IV 


-  3  - 


Dzlennik  Zwlazkowy^  Sept.  27,  1918# 


POLISH 


If  every  soldier,  for  example,  were  to  pause  and  consider  whether  or  not  to 
fight  the  enemy  as  many  of  us  stop  and  consider  whether  or  not  to  lend  money  to 
the  GoYemment,  final  victory  would  be  xmcertain*  A  coward  is  he  who  can  but 
will  not  fight,  but  equally  a  coward  is  he  who  in  a  time  when  a  soldier  does  not 
pause  to  consider  whether  or  not  to  fight  considers  whether  or  not  he  shall  lend 
money  to  the  Government  or  delays  in  making  his  loan.  Such  a  person  is  a  financial 
coward. 

•What  right  have  we  Poles  /to  delaj£7i  ^^o  will  benefit  by  the  freedom  won  by  our 
soldiers?  The  blood  of  that  soldier  fighting  in  France  calls  to  us  to  give  and 
to  give  now  and  until  the  end  of  the  war,  until  our  final  victory  is  attained. 
He  who  does  not  understand  this  call  can  have  no  place  among  our  people,  nor  will 
there  ever  be  a  place  for  him.  If  we  wish  to  see  the  dawn  of  a  better  and  brighter 
future,  we  must  give  either  our  money  or  our  blood.  We  must  give  one  or  the 
other,  or  even  both,  because  it  is  in  behalf  of  democracy.** 


5c 


Promotion  Committee: 


-  4  - 

Dzlennik  Zwlazkowy^  Sept*  27,  1918» 

Max  Przyborskl 
F*  Mazewski 
W«  Zdanowlcz 
7.  Kusievrski 
J«  Janas 
B*  Eacznarak 
M«  Szeluga 
F«  Walczak 


POLISH 


(a 

C 

I 


I  G 


III 

B  2 

III 

H 

III 

C 

IV 

POLISH 


Dziennik  Zv/iazko^'/^^,  Sept.  o4,  1918, 


FOR  TH2  POLISH  ARIvT  .^^D  LlB^RTf   BOITDS 


The  St.  John  Cantius  Society,  Group  194  of  the  Polish  Roman  Catholic  Union, 
whose  president  is  .Uderman  Stanley  Adanl^ie?:icz,  decided  to  contribute  tv/o 
hundred  dollars  out  of  the  Society's  treasury  tov;ard  the  Polish  army  in 
France,  and  to  ourchase  Liberty  bonds  in  tlie  sun  of  five  hundred  dollars. 


o 


CO 
CD 

ro 


A, 


I  G 
IV 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwlazkowy>  Sept.  24,  1918 • 

MEETING  OF  TKE  POLISIi  C0MMITTE3  FOR  TEIE 

FOURTH  LI3i2RTy  LOAN 

A  meeting  of  the  organizing  committee  for  the  Fourth  Liberty  Loan  was  held 
on  Monday  September  23,  1918,  at  105  West  Monroe  Street.  Mr.  Streychmans  was 
the  presiding  officer. 

The  Hon.  Judge  Edmund  Jarecki  was  selected  as  permanent  chairman  of  the  Polish 
committee,  and,  after  a  popular  request,  reconsidered  his  formerly  planned 
resignation.  Judge  Jarecki  appealed  to  all  those  present  to  assist  him  in 
the  fxilfillment  of  his  new  duties,  so  that  he  might  perform  the  task  adequately. 
^o   one  questions  the  loyalty  of  our  people,"  Judge  Jarecki  said.  The 
inqportant  thing  is  to  maintain  and  uphold  our  reputation,  and  endeavor  to  show 
others  how  we  Poles  are  inspired  with  this  zeal  for  victory  that  xmites  all 
good-thinking  citizens.  People  deccribe  you  as  you  seem  to  be.  Let  us  Poles 
therefore  make  certain  that  other  nationalities  see  our  efforts  and  write 


o 

SM 


CO 

o 

ro 


ii 


I  g 

IV 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zv/iazkowy>  Sept,  24,  1918. 


about  us.  Th8.t  will  greatly  assist  our  Polish  cause.  In  viev/  of  the  fact 
that  nov7  at  the  tine  of  subscribing  for  Liberty  bonds  eveiy  nationality 
will  be  individualised,  v;e  remind  you  to  mark  your  nationality  in  the 
square  on  the  application  where  it  reads  Polish.  In  that  way  the  Polish 
element  will  easily  obtain  first  place  among  all  other  nationalities  making 
such  p\irchases. 

The  list  of  ward  vice-chairmen  and  other  officials  in  charge  of  the  sale 
of  Liberty  bonds  will  be  given  in  the  official  report.  It  might  be  timely 
to  mention  here  that  the  bonds  can  be  obtained  either  through  a  national 
organization  authorized  to  make  such  sales  or  through  trade  organizations. 
A  committee  to  plan  sales  promotion  vxas  chosen  at  this  meeting. 

Mrs.  UsiTy   Sakowski,  who  was  chosen  general  vice-cliairrian  of  the  auxiliarj'- 
committee,  and  Mr.  A.  BaranowGki  invite  all  vjomen  who  wish  to  take  an  active 


cn 


I  G 
IV 


-  3  - 


POLISH 


Dzlennik  Zwiazkowy,  Sept.  24,  1918 


part  in  the  sale  of  bonds  to  meet  on  Wednesday,  September  25,  1918,  at 
3  P.  M. ,  at  the  Polish  National  Alliance  building.  Lfeitters  of  utmost 
importance  v/ill  be  discussed  at  this  meeting  and  all  good  thini:ing 
women  should  try  to  attend  • 


T3 


O 


I  G 
17 


POLISH 


Dziannlk  ayiazko\vy,  Sept.  23,  1918. 
MASS  M3ETING  TO  PROMOTE  SALE  OF  LIBERIT  BONDS 


A  mass  meeting  in  support  of  the  issuance  and  sale  of  bonds  of  the  Fourth 
Liberty  Loan  was  held  on  Sunday,  September  23,  at  St  .Adalbert's  parish  nall« 
Representatives  of  nearly  all  societies  existing  in  or  about  St.  Adalbert's 
Parish  were  present  at  this  meeting* 

The  meeting  was  opened  by  the  Reverend  Father  Casimir  Gronkowski,  pastor  of 
the  local  parish.  He  first  explained  the  aim  and  purpose  of  the  meeting  and 
then  called  upon  Mr.  Anthony  Gorecki  to  act  as  chairman,  while  Mr.  Ignace 
Frasz  was  selected  as  recording  secretary.  It  was  decided  to  have  a  big 
demonstration  and  paraae  in  the  vicinity  of  the  St«  Adalbert's  Parish,  on 
October  12,  1918.  Following  this  parade  a  large  mass  meeting  is  to  be  held 
at  Pulaski  Hiall  in  behalf  of  the  Liberty  loan*  In  that  way  tne  Polish 
element  will  aid  this  country  to  defeat  our  common  enemy— -the  German  aggressor* 
Both  the  Polish  and  Snglisn  languages  will  be  spoken  at  this  forthcoming 
mass  meeting.  The  following  were  selected  as  members  of  a  committee  to 


3 

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• 


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«  2  - 


Dziennik  Zwlazkowy^  Sept^  23,  1918# 


POLISH 


arrange  the  proposed  mass  meeting:  I.  Frasz,  Reverend  Father  Casimir  Gronkowski, 
0#  Grochowsici,  John  Taul,  Ignace  Tyrakowski,  Francis  Kaminski,  and  Anthony 
Goreckit  Mr.  Joseph  Kaminski  was  selected  as  grand  marshal  of  the  parade, 
while  Messrs •  Stephen  Nov/akowski  and  S#  Wozniak  are  to  act  as  his  aides.  A 
more  detailed  program  will  be  presented  in  a  future  publication. 


■ 


"    j"mimmmssm 


P""MMI 


I  Q 
III  H 
IV 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazko^vy,  Sept.  20,  1918. 

CHICAGO  POLES  AlU)   THE  FOUi?rH  LIBSIHY  BONDS 
Resolutions  Adopted  at  Conference  of  Representatives 
of  Chicago  Poles  at  the  Headquarters  of  the 
Central  Conniittee,  Thursday, 
September  19,  1913. 

Representatives  of  ever:/  Polish  district  were  present. 

Mr.  Felix  Strechi.ians,  Feder^il  Director  of  Liberty  Loans,  presided  at  the 
meeting. 

yx.  Vincent  Jozv;iakovjski,  vice-president  of  the  Ilorthv/estern  Trust  and 
Savings  Bank,  was  called  upon  to  act  as  recording  secretary. 

In  accordance  witti  the  plan  adopted  by  headquarters,  the  creation  of  a 
central  executive  coiimittee  of  ^irnerican  Poles  was  in  order.  Tliis  com- 
mittee is  to  be  composed  of  representatives  of  every  ward  and  every 


w^ 


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1  ITiMlg  ■ 


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IV 


—      *^      — 

■•      fcj      "" 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zvlazkov.y,  Sept.  20,  1918 


suburb  inhabited  by  Poles. 

Officials  of  the  Polish  Central  CoiLniittee  will  be  selected  on  Londay, 
September  23,  1918,  at  the  headquarters  of  the  main  coiiUaittee,  105  V/est 
IJonroe  3treet. 

Individual  wards  and  suburbs  were  grouped  into  districts,  a  district 
vice-president  v/ill  be  selected  to  conduct  the  carapaign  in  his  or  her 
district. 

The  following  districts  were  formed: 

First  District:  Wards  iTour,  Five,  Tv;enty-nine  and  Thirty.   In  other 
words,  the  area  in  and  arounc  the  follo^ving  Polish  Ronan  Catholic 
parishes:  Our  Lady  of  Perpetual  Help,  St.   Barbara,  SS.  Peter  and  Paul, 
Five  Holy  Martyrs,  St.  Joseph,  oacred  Heart  of  Jesus  and  St.  John  of  God. 


o 

CO 


Ik^^-L  ■■*«,-.  »i.:  -.-£■■ 


I  g 

III  H 
IV 


-  o  - 


POLISH 


Dziennlk  Zvrlazkovr/_,   3ept.  20,  1918 


Second  District:  V^ards  Eight  and  Mine,  or  the  following/  parishes:  St. 
Michael  Archangel,  St.  Ijagdaleno,  Immaculate  Conception  of  the  Blessed 
Virgin  Mary,  3t.  Florian  (in  Hegewisch),  3t.  l^lorian  (in  Kensington), 
Ascension  of  Blessed  Virgin  IJary  (in  V/est  Pxillnian),  and  the  suburbs  of 
V/est  Hairanond,  Harvey,  Blue  Island,  Posen,  and  Chicago  Heights. 

Third  District:  Wards  Eleven  and  Twelve  and  the  Township  of  Cicero.  It 
will  take  in  the  following  parishes:  St.  Adalbert,  St*  iinn,  St.  Casiair, 
The  Gk)od  Shepherd,  Our  Lady  of  Czenstochowa  (in  Hawthorne),  and  St.  Val- 
entine (in  Orant  V/orks). 

Fourth  District:  V/ards  Fifteen,  Sixteen,  Seventeen  and  Tv;enty- eight,  com- 
prising the  following  parishes:  St.  Helen,  St.  Stanislaus  Kostka,  Holy 
Trinity,  St.  John  Cantius,  St.  I^ry  of  Angels,  Holy  Innocents,  St.  Stephen, 
and  St.  Eegewisch. 

Fifth  District:  V/ards  Twenty-seven,  Thirty-three  and  Tliirty-five, 


-cscB^se*! 


.,^„ — ^n  mtM,u  -   r-^  : 


\ 


I  G 
III  H 
IV 


-  4  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  Sept.  20,  1918. 


comprising  the  following  parishes:  St.  Hyacinth,  Iianaculate  Heart  of 
Mary,  St.  V/alter,  St.  Ladislaus,  St.  Stanislaus  Bishop  and  I^rtyr,  St. 
James  the  Apostle,  St.  Francis  of  iissisi,  St,  Constance,  and  the  vil- 
lage of  Niles. 

Sixth  District:  V/ards  Tivonty-four  and  'Invent y- six,  talcinc  in  the  following 
parishes:  St.  Josephat,  Transfiguration  and  the  village  of  2vanston. 

Seventh  District:  Townships  of  Lyons,  Sumiait,  Argo,  and  Lemont. 

The  following  gentlemen  were  elected  ward  and  local  vice-presidents:  Fourth 
V/ard — Joseph  Hendrzycki,  1046  .iest  Thirty-second  Street;  Fifth  V/ard — B. 
F.  Zintak,  3663  South  Paiaina  Street;  Eighth  V/ard— -Adam  Bloch,  8723  Com- 
mercial Avenue;  Ninth  '"^'ard — Janes  Bzdak,  137  Sast  118  Street;  Eleventh 
Vfard—Joseph  S.  Zientek,  2001  V/est  18  Street;  Twelfth  7/ard— Victor 
Pijanov;ski,  2242  Ljarshall  Boulevard;  Fifteenth  V/ard — -Ion.  Joseph  S.  LaBuy, 
1001  north  Oakley  Blvd;  Sixteenth  V/ard— iUderman  V.  S.  Zwiefka,  1226 


1' 


•mnrntntuM^ 


I  Q 
III  H 

IV 


-  5  - 


Dziennik  ZwlazkoTvy,  Sept.  20,  1918. 


POLISH 


Dickson  Street,       Seventeenth  Ward — Jos.   Ruszkiewicz,  1536  V/est  Chicago 
Avenue;     Twenty-fourth  V/ard — Leon  V/iniecki,   2726  Southport  Avenue;     Twenty- 
sixth  Ward — Thos.  llrowka,   4938  North  V/estem  Avenue;     Twenty-seventh  Vferd — 
John  Szwaba,   2801  North  Central  Park  Avenue;   TiVenty-elchth  :#ard — Ignace 
V/roblewski,   2290  Frankfort  St.;     Twenty-ninth  ./ard~A.  Ivlazurek,   1546  ?fest 
fforty-seventh  St,;   Thirtieth  V/ard—B.F.   Kov/alewski,   1259  V/est  Fifty-First 
Street;     Thirty-third  \mrd~L.F.   Zygnunt,   2300  Lorel  Avenue;     Thirty-fourth 
V/ard~F.   J.   Majka,   2705  South  Kolin  Avenue;     Thirty-fifth  V/ard— J.J. 
Blazejczyk,   4400  Augusta  Street;     Townships  of:     Cicero — S.   II.  Haremski; 
Blue  Island — Peter  Feliszak;     Posen — Reverend  John  Bobakowski;     Karvey — 
Vfalter  Borys;     Chicago  Heights — Plenry  i^dajev/ski;     iSvanston — Reverend  F. 
Feldheim;     North  Chicago — M.  Przyborski;     Lenont — Vincent  Buszkiewicz; 
Summit — Reverend  Thoraas  Bona;     Niles — Paul  V/illiams;     V/est  Hammond — Paxil 
Kariradt . 


1 ' 


-< 


Each  of  the  above-nentioned  v/ard  and  district  officials  is  to  organize  a 
local  coFUiiittee,  taking  into  consideration  all  the  parishes  situated  in 


I  G 

III  II 
17 


_//j  1  Oxx»^  1    « 


5 


POLISH 


in  a  v:arcl.     T:i3  namos  of  r^uch  ^-^o.nittear.jn  ara  to   bo  7r.3sented  at   the 
li:3adcuart  ^rs  of  tho  central  orjvj.ization  at  a  no  >tinc  to  bo  lield  on 
:  'ondaj ,   3 apt  ;;nb  ar  2 3 ,   19 1 C . 


■v*^  ■♦- 


Co^^ittoos   on  pross   and  publicity,    or ;ani::ation,   and  ;aass  nuetirico  aro  zo 

b3  fornod,  and  onou:;h  nor.born  S3l3ctjd  to  c  3]r/o  on  than  at  tlio  next  ri^otin-. 

Tho  follov/inc    -oro  solactod  to  fom  local  cioianittoos  to  contact  V7ard 
V  ic  o-pr 9S  idont  3 ; 

Fourth   .;ard— J.   J.  Palt,  3205  South  ::orcan;   Fifth  Jard—Franl:  Dordzinslri, 
1558  :/•   38th  Streat;    ]i::hth  .;ard— Julian  3ado;v3lii,   8834  Comorcial  Avanuo; 
Frank  X.   T^jdzeviski  imd.  Aldorrian  :..   J*.    Furiian,   S745  Ooniarcial  .^vonue; 
ninth  ■/ard~John  Dorl:ov;sl:i,   iriuio  Ir^'stalski,   3.   Strzolocai,   Janos  J. 
Loivandov/ski ,   Josoph  Spikor,   John  Dexnka,   L.   Kanoza,   Francis  Kozlov/ski, 
John  Boza,   F.   ::alak# 


P 

i 


tr 


I    Gr 

III  H 
IV 


-   7   - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwlazkov:y,   Sept*   20,   1918 


Eleventh  V/ard — I^everend  S.  Gliylla,   John  S,   I^bicki,  Honorable  /j^^dge/ 
I.F.   Dankowski,   L'.S.   Bystrzynski,   J.   Duraanov/ski ,   John  Dyszel,   Ignace 
Franz . 


Twelfth  V/ard — Stanley  J,   Kuflewski,  Leon  A.   V/achowski,   John  Pap:pocki, 
iilbert  V/achowski,  Peter  Jeziemy. 

Fifteenth  V/ard — Reverend  Peter  i:.  Pyterek,  V,   Jozwiakowski,  Peter  Llindak, 
Leon  C.  Nyka,   John  Lenipczynski ,   F.   Janiszewski ,   John  l^szkiev;icz,  Paul 
Drj^'inalski ,   John  3.   Konopa, 

Sixteenth  ;/ard — Stanley  I.unz,   John  Czekala,   ;/•   Schrojda,  Peter  Hostenkovjski , 
Bruno  S.   L2Lndak,    John  A.   Piotrowski. 

Seventeenth  V/ard — T.    w'ejna,    ./.J.   Smvalski,   3.   iidaiTikiewicz,   3.   V7alkov;iak, 
John  Jankowski. 


CO 


I  G 
III  H 
IV 


-  8  - 


Dzlennik  Zwiazkoy/^,  Sept.  20,  1918. 


POLISH 


Twenty-fourth  V/ard — Joseph  Pionke. 

Tv/enty-sixth  V/ard — Reverend  F.J.   "..ojciechowski,  .anton  retelczyk,   Joseph 
llotys . 

Tiventy-seventh  V/ard — Jtephen  i:olano:vsl:i ,   A.F.   Soska,   Felix  Grorski,   Joseph 
Glomski,   Simon  Sikorslci,   N.S.   Budzban,   Llrs.   A.   Baranowski. 

Twenty-eiglith  V/ard — V.   Slosarczyk,   M.Adamov;ski ,   Gilbert  Nowak,   Jolm  LI. 
Nowicki,   Walter  Arrnknecht. 

Twenty-ninth  V/ard — Homan  Kowalews^ci ,   A.   liflodarski,   Edward  Trandel,   S. 
KLechaner,   Frank  Perlowski. 

Thirtieth  Ward — G.   Tonkiewicz,   V/.   F.   33mov;iec. 

Thirty-third  V/ard — J.   Lisack,   F.  Pav;lowski,   J.   Hathnow,   Stephen  Druzba, 


i 
^ 


CO 

o 


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III  H 
IV 


-  9  - 


Dziennik  Ziviazkowy,   Sept.   £0,   1918 


POLISH 


Ignace  Kubczak,    J.   Januszewski. 

Thirty-fourth  v;ard~Jolin  oierccinski,   V/alter  Pietras,   Francis  Dumanov/ski, 

Thirty-fifth  ;;ard— P.   Ilusinski,    Joseph  V/alienski,   John  Kulik. 

Tovmships:     Cicero— V.   kasperski,   F.  Skrzydlewski,  and  Anthony  I^ciejev/ski. 

Blue  Island — Stanley  Swiercz,   John  Synairziev/icz. 

Posen — John  Uech,   Bruno  Grzondzinski . 

Chicago  Heights — Joseph  Ziemba. 

Lemont — V/alter  Chojnacki. 


C3 


Summit — Frank  Brodnicki. 


I  ^ 


"cr 


TI 


-  10  - 


Dzioimik  .Iv^iazko^vy,   33pt,    ;30,   1S13, 


i:il3s — ./illiani    Jav;r::7nkiov;ic2,   ?rancir,  ?ulil. 


Jvaiiston — .^.   Ciosla::. 

;;est  Ilamr.iond — ?w3V3rand  ".;.  ::ov/a}:ov7s:-:i ,  ..dan:  3tacliov7icz 

Harvey — P.avsrond  Doninic  Jinc, 


I  G 
IV 


POLISH 


Dzlennik  Zwlazkowy,  Sept^  20,  1918. 

POLISH  COMMITTEE  TO  PROMOTE  SALE  OF  AMERICAN 

LIBERTY"  BONDS 


A  meetine  of  the  Polish  division  to  promote  sale  of  Fourth  Liberty  bonds  was 
held  on  Thursday,  September  19,  1918,  at  105  West  Monroe  Street.  The  most 
prominent  municipal  and  civic  leaders  were  present.  The  main  topic  of 
discussion  was  how  to  organize  the  Polish  people  in  the  individual  wards  and 
vicinities  outside  of  Chicago. 

Mr.  P.  Strey chmans ,  the  chairman  of  the  meeting,  informed  those  present  that, 
in  his  effort  to  satisfy  the  wishes  of  the  Polish  element,  be  succeeded  in 
having  a  clause  inserted  in  the  subscription  blanks  instructing  that  the 
nationality  of  the  purchaser  be  shown.  In  that  way  the  credit  vdiich  large 
business  institutions  receive  for  financing  the  loans  will  be  given  to 
people  of  the  various  nationalities  who  purchase  these  bonds.  He  explained, 
for  exanqple,  that  in  the  stock  yards,  steel  mills,  and  other  similar  business 
concerns,  the  credit  was  given  to  the  firms,  whereas  in  reality  Polish  laborers 


-n 


~^ 


I  Q 
IV 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


Dzlennik  Zwiazkoiwy,  Sept.  20,  1918 


eniployed  by  these  companies  bought  the  greatest  araount  of  bonds  •  But  now 
such  will  not  be  the  case;  the  bonds  wliich  v/ill  be  purchased  out  of  the 
earnings  of  Poles  will  be  credited  to  thenu 

Mr.  Steychinans  stated  that  the  distinguished  president  of  the  Polish 
committee,  the  Honorable  Judge  Edmund  Jarecki,  had  resicned  on  accoiint 
of  business  pressure  and  tliat  it  was  in  order  to  select  a  new  president 
for  the  Polish  group. 

It  was  decided  to  organize  individual  wards  and  districts  first,  and  then 
at  the  next  meeting,  which  is  to  be  held  on  Monday,  September  23,  1918, 
at  the  same  location,  the  election  of  a  new  chairman,  secretary,  and  other 
officials  will  take  place. 

Mr.  Vincent  Jozwiakov/ski,  the  present  secretary,  was  ordered  to  communicate 
with  various  proninent  Polish  leaders  who  were  recommended  at  this  meeting 


I  g 

IV 


-  3  - 


POLISH 


Dzlennik  Zwiazkovjy,  Sept.  20,  1918* 


for  the  individixal  Polish  wards  and  districts,  and  will  give  a  detailed  report 
at  the  next  meeting.  Due  credit  for  his  untiring  work  must  be  given  to 
llr.   Jozwiakov/ski ,  who,  despite  his  numerous  business  activities,  has  never 
failed  to  co-operate  in  any  activity  which  would  help  the  good  name  of  the    ^ 
Polish  people.  Upon  a  motion  made  by  Mr.  John  Rybicki,  it  was  decided  to     ^ 
divide  the  neigliborinij  Polish  wards  into  districts,  each  one  under  the  char,^*e  Pf 
of  a  vice-president  who  would  control  the  activities  in  the  district.  The     -^ 
motion  was  passed  and  such  a  distribution  was  made.  f: 

The  Honorable  Judge  Joseph  LaBuy,  the  incumbent  candidate  for  the  same  office,  ^ 
has,  despite  the  strenuous  campaign  that  awaits  him,  promised  to  exert  all  his 
efforts  in  this  drive  to  sell  Liberty  bonds.  Thus,  as  in  the  past,  the  Polish 
element  has  alv/avs  come  to  the  fore  whenever  and  wherever  the  defense  of  true 
democracy  was  necessary  or  its  safety  threatened* 


I  G 
III  H 
III  C 
IV 


POLISH 


Dziemiik  Zv/iazko-Ay,  Aug,  20,  1918. 

DEPilRTUHE  OF  POLISE  RECRUITS  TO  Amil  ClMJSPS 


A  g3X)up  of  Chicago  Poles,  numberin^r  approxiinately  a  hundred  men,  have  left 
this  city  for  Camp  Kosciiiszko  in  Canada*  They  are  all  volunteers  for  the 
Polish  arrnj^.  After  intensive  militery  trainin^^  they  will  embark  for  France 
and  there  fifjr.t   for  the  liberation  of  their  long-oppres»sed  country,  Poland. 

On  August  19,  1918,  the  district  knov/n  as  the  Tov/n  of  Lake  for  the  fifth 
time  played  host  to  Chica^jo's  Polish  volunteers.  As  earlj/  as  nine  o^clock 
in  the  riominc  the  recruits  with  their  families  and  friends  began  to  gather 
before  the  recmiiting  station  located  at  the  pavilion  at  47th  Street  and 
South  Ashlnnd  Avenue.  There  they  awaited  the  arrival  of  the  recruiting 
officers.  Shortly  thereafter  several  hundred  school  children  of  St.  John 
the  Diviners  parish  made  their  appearance  with  bri^Jit-colored  banners  and 
flags.  VJhen  it  was  ascertained  that  all  the  volunteers  had  arrived,  a 
parade  vjas  formed,  and  all  marched  to  the  Church  of  St.  John  the  Divine. 


CO 

en 


I   G 


-   2  - 


POLISH 


Dziemiik  Zxviazkowy,  Aue^.   20,   1918. 


Ill  H 
III  C 

IV 

The  parade  mxs  led  by  the  local  civic  corrjiuttee  and  foilovjed  by  banners 

of  the  /JLlied  forces.     Then  carae  the  band  under  the  direction  of  Mr.  !7alter 
Lagocki,  next  a  lon^^  proceci'ion  of  schoolboys  and  school^:irls ,  and  these  were 
follovjed  by  Army  officers.     The^^  in  turn  were  succeeded  by  the  newly  orBanized 
volunteers.     The  parade  was  closed  by  literally  hundreds  of  relatives  and 
friends  of  the  recimts. 


-a 


3 


rs3 


The  procession  set  out  froia  the  recruiting  station  at  47th  Street  and  Ashland 
Avenue,  marchinc:;  thence  to  51st  Street,  froiri  v/hich  it  turned  into  Throop  Street,^ 
proceeding  to  the  Church  of  St.  John  the  Divine.  Here  thej^  found  waiting  a 
mass  of  people,  members  of  the  parish* 

Many  who  came  to  the  church  discovered  that  it  was  filled  to  capacity^  So 
lare.-e  was  the  attendance  that  the  majority  of  those  present  were  obliged  to 
reiriain  outside  the  building. 


A  solei.m  mass  ^vas  celebrated  by  the  Reverend  Stephen  Szczepanslci,  assisted 


I   G 


-  3   - 


POLISH 


Dziennlk  Zvjj&zkov.y,  Au^:.    20,    1916U 


III  H 
III  C 
IV 

by  the  Reverend  Julian  Crrzesinski  as  deacon  and  the  Reverend  C* 
Fijanov;ski  as  subdeacon.      The  master  of  cererronies  vjas  the  Reverend  Stephen 
Bubacz.     The  following  pastors  of  nei^^iboring  Polish  Rorian  Catholic  churches 
v/ere  also  present,  nanely,   the  Reverenu  Fathers  L.   Grudzinski,  A.  Klov;o, 
and  F.  Karabasz.     These  occupied   seats  in  the  presbyterj'  of  the  church. 


During:  the  mass  the  church  choir,  under  the  direction  of  lilr.   Frank  Llalinov/ski, 
the  parish  orcani.st,   offered  well  executed  musical  renditions  appropriate 
for  the  occasion,     llr,  Llalincivski   sanr.  the  beautiful  offertor^-^  prayer. 

An  inspiring  and  patriotic   serFon  was  preached  by  the  Reverend  John  Stoinski. 
In  brief  but  well-cliosen  i\rords  this  youn(/  priest  and  patriot  called  upon 
the  youn,;  Polish  recruits  to  perfon;  their  duty  ccixscientjously  there  where 
ttousands  of  our  fellovj  Poles  hiave  already  f:one.      In  conclusion  the  reverend 
speaker  cave  points  on  how  vie  Poles  should  love  t})e  land  of  our  forefathers. 
He  then  bade  a  fond  farei/ell  to  the  recruits  and  gave  them  his  blessing. 


CO 


I   G 


-   4  - 


POLISH 


Dzieiinik  Zvaazkov.y,  Aug.   20,   1918* 


III  H 
III  C 
IV 

The  cererriDiiy  i-jiis  concludod  by  a   soleiin  benedicticn,   follov.^>c.  by  the 
singinc  of  our  Foli«h  nation-il  anthem,   "God  Save  Poland,"   in  which  every 
one  particiTx-.ted. 


With  the  terrdnation  of  the  reli/j-ions  cereriony  the  parade  marched  to  the 
auditorium  at  SheriVian  Park,     Here  an  appetizing:  banquet  aivaited  the  recruits, 
provided  by  the  lo^al  civic  committee.     The  r-uests  were  vjaited  upon  by 
younc  ladies  of  the  local  Vihite  Cross  orf^anization.      The  food  and  the  service 
were  of  the  utnost  perfection. 

Before  the  banquet  vjas  served,  the  orchestra,  under  the  baton  of  Mr.  V/. 
Larocki,  played  the  American  anther.,   "The  Star-Si)anr;led  Banner".     The 
Reverend  L.   Grudzinski  then  said  ^eice.     Amon,^  those  present  at  the  table  of 
honor  were  the  reverend  fathers  who  had  participated  in  the  religious  cerer^ony, 
rren,y  civic  bodies  fron  various  districts,   recruiting  officers,  and  members  of 
the  press. 


4a> 

^4 


I   G 


-  5  - 


FOLISE 


Dziennik  Zwiazkov.y,  Au^;.   20,   1918. 


Ill  K 
III  C 
IV 

xlter  the  banquet  the  first  spealzer  "vvas  the  Reverend  I. 'Grudzinski, 
pastor  of  the  local  parir^h.     On  behalf  of  the  local  civic  coimnittee  and  the 
v;hole  Tov/n  of  Lake  he  r-reotec.  the  volunteers  an'l  the  r^uests.     'Hhe  speaker 
then  called  upon  the  Reverend  Stephen  Bubacz  to  act  as  master  of  cereiiionies. 
The  toastinaster,  after  biddinr:  v/elcone  to  those  present,,  called  as  the 
first  speaker  I.Ir.  Leon  Ilowck,   the  secretary  of  the  local  civic  committee. 
Mr,  ITovjak  v/ith  vigorous  enthusiasm  turned  to   the  volunteers,  urginc  them 
ever  to  renember  that  they  are  Polish  nolciej^s  and  as  such  should  never 
retreat  but  alv»ays  fo  forvjarcl  and  thus  assure  victory  for  the  i\meric£n  as 
v/ell  as  the  Polish  cause.     The  next  speaker  v;as  tlr,  Ednujid  Misiev:icz,  a 
member  of  the  civic  coiTimittee,     In  his  speech  he  referred  to  the  r/ords  of 
President  Wilson  that  Poland  must  be  a  freo  and  unites,  nation,  v;ith  access 
to  the  sea.     he  therefore  urf.ed  these  nev;  Polish  recruits  to  ficht  as  our 
forefathers  had  foupjit  before  then,     lie  vas  folloived  by  the  Reverend  A#  A. 
KlovAi),  a  v/ell-kncvm  Polish  patriot  and  priest.     On  behalf  of  our  Polish 


o 


en 


I   G 
III  H 


-  6  - 


Dzie:nnik  Zvn.Q.zkovry ^  Auc.    20,   1918 • 


POLISH 


III  C 
IT 

cler{iy  he  proLiised  the  recruits  that  they  as  v/ell  as  all  the  Polish 
people  will  ever  remember  the  deeds  perfonied  by  the  Polish  volunteers. 
The  next  speaker  vias  Llr.  John  Przyprav/a,  a  recruiting'  officer,  who  also 
left  with  this  contin^^ent  for  the  training  camp  in  Canada.     The  speaker 
delivered  a  really  military  speech  interspersed  v/ith  humorous  passages, 
adding  to  tlie  entertainPient  of  tliose  present.     Turnin,-:  to  the  recruits  and 
his  comrades,  Officer  Przypravja  reminded  them  or  rather  ure::ed  them  to  resolve 
not  to  return  until  the  oppresoorr.  of  Poland  are  vanquished,  until  Poland 
acain  takes  its  proper  plaice  among  free  and  independent  nations.     In  conclusion 
Officer  Przypravja  on  behalf  of  the  new  recruits  thanlced  the  local  cleror  as 
v/ell  as  the  civic  committee  for  the  reception  accorded  to  the  volunteers. 
He  also  thanked  all  those  v/ho  have  even  in  the  sli^rhtest  de[;;ree  contributed 
to  making  the  occasion  a  success. 


en 


The  last  speaker  vms  Llr.  S.  Jankov/ski,  a  prominent  Polish  leader  and  a  member 


-  7   - 


POLISH 


Dziemiil:  Zv/iazko;vy,  Aug.  20,  1918 


I   G 
III  II 
III  C 
IV 

of  the  local  civic  coiardttee.     In  brief  but  sincere  v;ords  he  bade  a 
fond  farewell  to  the  recrriiiti?,  wishing  then  Godspeed  in  their  mission  and 
hoping  for  an  early  and  safe  return. 

All  the  speeches  v/ere   so  well  rendered  and  delivered  with  such  enthusiasm  that 
they  v/ere  frequently  inLerrtpted  by  bursts  of  rousinc  applause. 

Finally  the  tcastriaster,  the  I^everend  S.  Bubacz,  bade  the  volunteers  farewell, 
prayine  for  their  safe  return.     FollOT/inc  this  all  present   sang  the  Polish 
nation6.1  anthem,   "God  Save  Poland,"  and  the  reception  was  concluded. 

At  tlie  teriiination  of  the  procran  ladies  of  the  families  of  the  members  of 
the  civic  coinmittees  gave  appetizing:  sandwiches  to  the  volunteers,  and  the 
members  themselves  presented  ci[rj^rs  and  ci£;arettcs. 

After  this  the  /TocaJ^  civic  committee,  headed  by  Messrs.   Bruno  and  Roman 
Kov;alewski,  v/ell-Vnovjn   bankers  in  the  Town  of  Lake,   invited  the  recruit inc 


CO 


I  G  -  8  -  POLISH 

III  H 

III  G  Dziennik  Zv/iazkox';^^  Aug.  20,  1918. 

IV 

offi(*.ers,  the  newly  enlistod  volunteei's,  the  several  civic  coriinittees, 
and  the  families  of  the  recruits  to  enter  v.aitinf^  autciiobiles.  The  cars  were 
decorated  v/ith  bright  bunting  and  flags.  They  left  at  a  given  signal,  passing 
through  Garfield  and  Michicjan  Boulevards  and  stopping  at  Grant  Park.  The 
automobiles  decorated  with  Polish  and  American  flags  deeply  impressed  the 
spectators.  V/herever  the  caravan  of  autcuDbilos  passed,  i^unerican  people 
enthusiastically  greeted  our  Polish  volunteers.  Tlie  leading  car  had  tv;o 
standard-bearers  holding  an  American  and  a  Polish  flag  respectively.  The 
second  automobile  contained  six  flags  of  the  Allied  nations.  The  third  was 
occupied  by  officers  of  the  central  recruiting  office.  Immediately  follovang 
the  automobiles  was  a  truck  lent  by  the  Perlo^./ski  brothers,  noted  Polish 
furniture  merchants.  This  truck  r^jas  occupied  by  the  orchestra,  playing 
continuouslj-  merrj^  tunes  and  marches.  Then  came  automobiles  filled  with  the 
new  recruits  and  their  guests. 


CO 


After  their  arrival  at  Grant  Park  a  procession  vms   formed  in  the  same  order 


-  9  - 


POLISH 


H 
C 


Dziennik  Zv/iazkovcs  Aug.   20,   1918. 


I  G 
III 
III 
IV 

as  that  previously  described  in  connection  v/it}i  the  iTiarch  to  Shen.ian 
Park.  The  parade  marched  on  Hichigan  Boulevard  to  Randolph  Street,  on 
Randolph  to  La  Salle,  on  La  Salle  to  Jackson  Boulevard,  on  Jackson  Boulevard 
to  Dearborn  Street,  and  on  Dearborn  Street  to  the  Grand  Trunk  PJailroad 
Station. 


V/herever  these  Polish  volunteers  passed,  the  streets  v/ere  filled  with  spectators 
They  v/ere  ^^o^Qt^^i  with  tuinultuous  applause  and  hearty  cheers.  Upon  their 
arrival  at  the  railrotid  station  the  recruits  immediately?-  occupied  their 
respective  seats  in  the  special  cars  av/aitin^:  them.  Here  they  bade  farev:ell 
to  their  families,  their  sweethearts,  and  their  frien^^s.  During  the  entire 
tine  the  orcliestra  continue^^.  to  plaj^  cheerful  tunes,  endeavcrinc  to  li^liten 
the  burden  of  parting.  Finally  it  played  three  national  ant hens,  Polish, 
French,  and  ^onerican.  Then  follo^'.^d  final  and  fond  farewells,  and  tlie  train 
slowly  pulled  away,  taking  with  it  those  brave  sons  of  our  countiy,  of  our 
1  oland.  They  have  gone  to  liberate  our  land  from  the  chains  of  servitude  in 


o 


I   G 
III  K 
III  C 
IV 

Russia. 


-  10  - 


POLISH 


Daiennilc  Zviiz^zkovr/- ,  Aug.   20,   1918. 


which  she  was  placed  by  our  three  v.crst  enemies,   GerrTiany,  Austria,  and 


A  vote  of  appreciation  and  recociii"^ior:  is   due  to  Officer  John  Przjrvmra.     He 
has  left  his  remunerative  post  as   inspector  to  join  the  rank  and  file  of 
soldiers.     His  sole  aim  is  to  fight  for  the  liberation  of  Poland  even  if  it 
costs  his  life.     Sincere  recognition  is  also  due  to  the  clergy  of  the  Town 
of  Lake,  to  the  civic  committee,  to  the  ladies  of  the  V/hite  Cross,   and  to 
all  those  who  liave  in  any  way  contributed  to  making  the  affair  a  success. 


Ca9 


The  Dziennik  Zwiazko^vy  mi.^t  mention  that  the  farewell  affair  of  August  19,  1918, 
will  ever  remain  a  pleasant  memor^^  not  only  to  the  volunteers  but  to  all  who 
participated  in  the  event. 


w^m 


I  G 
III  H 
IV 


POLISH 


Dzlennik  Zwlazkowy,  Aug.  16,  1918 • 
HQGE  MASS  MEETING  AT  ST.  ADALB.SRTS  PARISH 


Through  the  efforts  of  Mr.  3.  Krzywonos,  the  well-known  Polish  amiy  organizer, 
a  huge  mass  meeting  was  held  on  Thrusday,  August  15,  1918,  at  Pulaski  Hall. 
The  meeting  was  held  for  the  benefit  of  the  Polish  army.   The  hall  was  filled 
to  overflowing.   This  may  be  attributed  to  the  zealous  work  of  Mr.  Krzywonos. 
He,  together  with  several  recruiting  officers,  helped  to  make  the  affair  a 
success  by  giving  to  it  wide  publicity. 

The  meeting  was  a  success  in  every  respect.  The  program  as  presented  by  Messrs. 
B.  Rybowiak,  M.  Domanowski,  and  S.  Kujawski  and  Mmes.  //anda  Paczkowska,  Sadowska- 
Zaja,  and  C.  Kulczycka  helped  to  contribute  to  the  success  of  this  affair,  and 
the  orchestra  under  the  baton  of  Hibner  added  to  the  impressive  effect.  This 
orchestra  is  ever  willing  to  contribute  its  efforts  voluntarily  and  without  re- 
muneration when  a  Polish  cause  is  concerned.  Public  recognition  is  hereby  given 
to  all  the  participants  who  have  so  willingly  contributed  their  time  and  their 
efforts  to  making  the  success  of  this  affair  a  reality. 


:3* 


o 

CO 

— i 
en 


ill 


-  2  - 


Dziennlk  Zwlazkoivy,  Aug.  16,  1918. 


POLISH 


Hie  songs  and  the  other  musical  numbers  unquestionably  contributed  to  the 
variety  of  the  program.   The  most  impressive  factor  of  the  entire  evening 
was  the  speech  of  Mr.  S.  Krzywonos.  Despite  his  hoarseness,  the  result  of 
numerous  previous  engagements  in  behalf  of  the  Polish  cause,  he  talked  during 
the  intermission  of  the  program.  He  was  the  sole  speaker  of  the  mass  meeting, 
^e  firmly  believe  that  after  Mr.  Krzywonos*  speech  St.  Adalbert's  parish  will 
awaken  and  renew  its  efforts  to  supply  recruits  for  the  Polish  array.  Thus  far 
this  parish  has  been  remiss  in  supplying  its  proper  quota  of  volunteers. 

Those  who  were  present  at  the  mass  meeting  have  promised  to  co-operate  with 
Mr.  Krzywonos  in  his  organization  work.   In  view  of  the  enthusiasm  that  pre- 
vailed at  the  meeting  it  can  be  said  that  the  Polish  army  will  gain  a  con- 
siderable number  of  new  recruits.   This  action  will  assure  a  strong  military 
force  for  the  Polish  cause.   It  must  be  remembered  that  the  stronger  the  Polish 
army  becomes,  the  sooner  will  a  free  and  independent  Poland  become  a  reality-- 
a  Poland  with  free  access  to  the  sea. 


-TO 

3> 


O 

— s 


An  appeal  is  therefore  made  to  all  Poles  living  in  the  vicinity  of  St.  Adalbert's 


I  G 
III  H 
IV 


-  3  - 


Dzlennik  Zwiazkowy^  Aug.  16,  1918, 


POLISH 


parish  to  concentrate  their  efforts  to  gain  as  large  a  number  of  volunteers 
for  the  Polish  army  as  possible.  It  is  certain  that  should  any  assistance 
in  that  direction  be  needed,  Mr.  Krzywonos  will  do  everything  necessary^ 


-T3 

5> 


CD 


CO 

ro 


I  G 
III  D 
17 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy^  July  30,  1918 • 
TBDE  PRESENT  WAR  AND  ITS  INFUJENCE  UPON  HDMANITY 

(Address  by  Albert  Wachowski,  President  of  the  Polish 
League  of  Building  and  Loan  Associations,  delivered 
at  the  Universal  Convention  of  Building  and  Loan 
Associations  Last  Week  in  Newark,  New  Jersey) 

We  are  gathered  here  today,  not  so  much  to  examine  what  we  have  done  or  what 
we  have  neglected  to  do  in  our  association  during  the  past  year,  as  to  give 
ourselves  completely  to  a  great  enterprise  which  we  have  begun  in  opposition 
to  everything  that  has  been  said  during  the  past  year,  at  a  time  when  we  are 
at  war  with  the  Central  Powers  of  Europe, — supporting  and  aiding  our  hard- 
pressed  Allies*  However,  it  seems  to  me  that  the  average  citizen  does  not 
yet  understand  how  fundamental  is  the  cause  for  which  the  world  is  fighting, 
and  how  great  a  benefit  it  is  that  we  were  able  to  enter  this  struggle  on 
the  right  side,  how  important  and  what  a  turning  point  in  history  the  result 
of  this  war  may  be,  and  how  fortunate  it  is  that  we  have  a  president  who  was 


o 


:a3 
CD 


I  G 
III  D 
IV 


-  2  - 


Dziennlk  gvyjazkowy^  July  30,   1918. 


POLISH 


able  to  convince  the  people  that  the  object  of  the  war  is  progress  in  human 
liberty  and  not,  as  it  seemed  to  narrow-minded  observers,  a  struggle  for 
conquest  and  economic  gains. 

At  first,  this  war  gave  the  impression  of  being  a  great  struggle  between 
powerful  nations  for  more  land,  more  subjects,  more  wealth*  It  was  natural 
that,  judging  from  previous  human  experience,  small  nations  standing  in  the 
path  of  this  terrific  struggle  for  national  supremacy  should  be  swept  away, 
that  such  will  be  the  result  of  the  struggle  between  great  powers,  and  despite 
sympathy  for  these  small  nations,  it  will  be  said  of  them,  ♦♦V/ell,  such  is 
life — such  is  the  fate  of  the  small  man  and  the  small  nation**.  And  then, 
despite  the  shameful  procedure  of  the  central  Powers,  certain  citizens  tried 
to  restorain  this  country  from  any  action,  forgetful  of  our  moral  obligations 
to  the  nations  of  this  world.  With  one  noble  move,  President  Wilson  swept 
aside  these  doubts  concerning  the  division  of  the  world  and  its  organization; 
but  he  made  the  issue  clear  that  this  war  is  a  war  to  safeguard  human  liberty 
for  all  the  peoples  of  the  world,  and  not  for  us  alone,  so  that  the  weak  and 


-T7 
O 


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POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy>  July  30,  1918 • 


the  strong  alike  can  decide  the  course  of  their  own  lives  as  free  people. 
This  is  a  program  to  which  every  one  of  us  can  subscribe,  for  which  every 
one  of  us  can  work,  suffer,  even  die,  for  we  believe  that  human  liberty  is 
the  cornerstone  of  human  progress. 

The  best  part  of  it,  however,  is  the  fact  that  President  Wilson  seeks  to 
make  this  the  program  of  the  Allies,  of  all  the  world.  Never  before  in 
history  have  so  many  nations  united  in  the  conscious  aim  of  making  the  world 
a  place  where  everyone  has  a  right  to  live,  and  this  we  owe  to  the  President 
of  the  United  States,  Woodrow  Wilson.  Let  us  stand  with  him  until  his  goal 
is  achieved.  And  on  the  other  hand,  we  must  express  our  hope  that  this  war 
will  not  only  have  its  salutary  effect  upon  the  Poles,  Czechs,  Slovaks,  and 
Serbs,  but  also,  to  no  less  a  degree,  upon  subject  peoples  who  are  fighting, 
not  on  the  side  of  the  Central  Powers,  but  on  the  Allied  side,  our  side. 

Despite  the  fact  that  we  have  been  a  peace-loving  people,  we  have  instituted 
a  recruiting  system  for  our  army  that  is  far  better  than  that  used  by  anyone 


<"" 


CD 


I 


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III  D 
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-  4  - 


POLISH 


Dzlennik  SSwlazkowy,  July  30,  1918. 


else.  It  was  instituted  without  any  difficulties,  without  any  trouble  what- 
soever, and  with  the  complete  agreement  and  enthusiastic  supix^rt  of  the  en- 
tire American  nation.  It  is  the  most  democratic  system  ever  adopted  and,  with 
a  few  changes,  it  can  be  regarded  as  an  example  of  how  a  free  nation  recruits 
ajid  maintains  an  army.  We  were  in  a  position  to  meet  all  our  bills  and  in 
addition,  to  lend  great  sums  to  our  Allies  to  help  them  in  their  troubles. 
Above  all,  however,  it  must  be  emphasized  that  the  most  important  thing  is 
the  fact  that  we  have  begun  to  send  soldiers  to  the  battle  front  in  France, 
not  by  the  hundreds  but  by  the  thousands  and  millions. 

Victory  for  the  Allies  means  freedom  for  Poland.  Poland,  like  America,  has 
always  been  the  friend  of  the  weak  and  the  oppressed.  For  centuries  it  with- 
stood the  attacks  of  barbarians  from  the  east,  and  richly  deserves  the  title 
it  has  been  given,  ♦♦Bulwark  of  Christ ianity''. 


Even  after  the  partitions  we  find  sons  of  Poland  in  France,  Italy,  America, 
Hungary,  and  other  countries,  fighting  wherever  the  cry  for  freedom  could  be 


I 


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III  D 
17 


-  5  - 


POLISH 


Dzlennik  Zwiazkowy,  July  30,  1918 


heard.  And,  like  America,  Poland  has  never  drawn  its  sword  for  purposes  of 
conquest,  or  to  extend  its  boundaries  at  the  expense  of  its  neighbors* 

Prussia  and  Russia  both  enjoyed  complete  freedom  and  autonomy  under  Polish 
rule.  More  than  once  Austria  was  saved  by  Poland,  always  without  territorial 
gain  to  Poland.  Poland  was  the  oldest  republican  country  in  Europe,  and  is 
now  being  aided  by  the  oldest  existing  Republic.  Despite  the  fact  that  Poland 
is  drenched  v/ith  blood,  overrun  by  Prussian  hordes,  its  people  dying  of  hun- 
ger, it  has  men  not  only  in  the  army  of  that  Republic,  but  it  has  an  army  in 
Russia  and  in  France,  consisting  mainly  of  volunteers  from  America,  fighting 
not  only  for  their  own  freedom  but  for  the  freedom  of  all  oppressed  peoples. 

Our  victory  will  be  the  triumph  of  justice  and  progress,  for  small  nations  and 
people,  for  women  and  children.  There  shall  be  liberty  and  freedom  for  all. 


-V3 
CD 

CD 

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P   \ 


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III  H 
IV 


PO^JSH 


Dzlennik  Zwlazkowy,  July  29,  1913* 

GR-^AT  CELEBRATION  IN  ST.  CASVJUR'S   PARI.^ 
Polish  and  American  Service  Flags  Consecrated 

St.  Casimir's  Parish  held  a  great  celebration  yesterday  on  the  occasion  of  the 
consecration  and  iinfurling  of  two  service  flags,  Polish  and  American.  The 
entire  community  was  decorated  for  the  occasion,  and  almost  every  house  on  the 
streets  through  which  the  parade  was  scheduled  to  pass  was  decorated  with  Polish 
and  American  flags.  Both  of  the  service  flags  that  were  consecrated  by  the 
pastor  of  the  parish,  Reverend  Wojciech  y^bert/  Furman,  are  very  beautifully 
made,  especially  the  Polish  flag,  which  is  a  masterpiece  and  is  undoubtedly  the 
first  of  its  kind  in  this  country. 

In  accordance  with  the  prearranged  program,  members  of  local  societies  and  the 
Citizens  Committee  began  to  meet  in  front  of  St.  Casirair^s  Church,  22nd  and 
Whipple  Streets,  at  about  two- thirty  in  the  afternoon,  and  formed  ranks  for  the 
parade.  Despite  the  terrific  heat,  VJhipple  Street  between  22nd  and  23rd  Streets 


I  G 
III  D 
III  H 
IV 


--  2  ^ 


Dzlennlk  Zwlazkovry,  July  29,  1918. 


POLISH 


was  so  crowded  at  three  o'clock  that  it  was  almost  impossible  to  pass  through. 

The  marshal  of  the  parade,  Joseph  Hojnacki,  recruiting  officer  for  St.  Casimir's 

Parish,  did  much  to  form  the  parade;  he  was  assisted  by  the  local  parish/ 
Citizens  Committee. 


Promptly  at  three- thirty,  the  order  to  march  was  given,  and  the  parade  moved  for- 
ward in  the  following  order:  A  troop  of  mounted  police;  a  dmm  and  bugle  corps 
of  veterans  of  the  Spanish-American  War;  a  company  of  soldiers  of  the  regular 
American  Army,  consisting  of  eighty  regulars  and  a  quartermaster's  corps  under 
Sergeant  Edward  Major;  and  the  Polish  and  American  flags.  Behind  the  flags 
marched  the  figures  of  •♦Uncle  Sam**  and  '♦Liberty,''  portrayed  by  W#  Cichon 
and  Miss  Helen  Heiroan,  following  whom  five  young  women  dressed  in  American 
costumes  carried  an  American  service  flag  containing  521  stars,  signifying  that 
St.  Casimir's  Parish  has  given  521  young  men  to  the  American  Army,  Close  behind 
the  service  flag  there  marched  about  a  hundred  mothers  and  fathers  of  soldiers. 


-f^ 
."<, 


( 


■Mik. 


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POLISH 


Dziennlk  Zwlazkowy,  July  29,  1918* 


III  D 
III  H 
IV 

Then  cane  the  orchestra,  followed  by  a  uniformed  company  from  Circuit  II 
of  the  Polish  Falcons'  Alliance,  at  the  head  of  which  were  Jonn  Rybicki, 
president,  and  \U   Lubicz,  vice-president*  Following  the  Falcons  came  our  able 
Polish  nurses,  with  £•  Misiewicz,  of  the  Central  Citizens  Committee,  and  five 
young  women  in  Polish  costumes  carrying  the  beautiful  Polish  service  flag,  upon 
which  were  104  Polish  eagles,  signifying  that  St.  Casimir's  Parish  has  given 
104  young  men,  now  either  in  training  or  in  France,  to  the  Polish  Army»  Follow- 
ing the  Polish  service  flag  marched  the  Polish  Army  officers  John  Przyprawa, 
S.  Krzywonos,  J.  Kostecki,  and  B.  Zub,  and  the  recruiting  sergeants  Wlosinski, 
Zbroniec,  Ku2yiiinski,  Hojnacki,  and  Deplewski,  followed  by  a  considerable  group 
of  new  Polish  Array  volunteers,  who  will  leave  tomorrow  for  the  training  camp 
at  Niagara-on- the-Lake  in  Canada*  Following  the  volunteers  came  about  forty 
members  of  the  Citizens  Comraittees  from  St.  Casimir's  Parish  and  Brighton 
Park,  and  the  representatives  of  the  press,  followed  by  an  orchestra  conducted 
by  E.  Rendak.  The  following  local  societies  brought  up  the  rear:  the  White 


^ 

-o 


CO 

or 


Dzlennllc  2>riazkQ¥ryt  July  29,  1918» 


I  G  -  4  -  POLISH 

III  D 
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17 

Sagle  Dramatic  Society,  with  its  own  service  flag  containing  foiirteen 

stars;  St.   Isidore  Oracz  Society,  Group  406,  P.N*A«  (Polish  National  Alliannce); 
St*  Stanislaus  Society,  Group  747,  P«R,G«U«  (Polish  Roman  Catholic  Union); 
St#  Agnes  Society,  Group  500,  P«R,C#U.;  Polish  Crown  Society;  the  Holy  Mary  of 
Good  Counsel  Society;  the  Polish  Women's  St*  Mary  of  Perpetual  Help  Society, 
Group  40,  Polish  Wcwien's  Alliance  of  iimerica;  St*  Mary  of  the  Rosary  society, 

Group  204,  Polish  Union;  New  Poland  Society,  Group  736,  P*N*A*;  St*  Casimir's 
society,  Group  219,  P*N*A*;  the  Pulaski  Volunteers  Society,  Group  418,  P*N*A*; 
the  Bar  Confederacy  Society,  Group  901,  P*N.A.;  the  Holy  Cross  society. 
Group  70,  Association  of  Poles  in  America;  Polish  Knights  society.  Group  194, 
Polish  Union;  Sons  of  Poland  Society,  Group  98,  Polish  Uhion;  the  Fourth 

Regiment  of  Uhlans  Society,  Group  198,  P*R*C*U*;  and  the  Star  of  Freedom 
Society,  Group  473,  P*N.A* 

Starting  in  front  of  St*  Casimir's  Church,  the  procession  moved  down  Whipple  to 


o 


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PCIJSH 


Dziennik  Zwl  azko w^^- ,  July  29,  1918  • 


22nd  Street,  then  to  Sacramento,  to  25th  Street,  to  Albany  Avenue,  to  26th 
Street,  to  Kedzie,  down  Kedzie  to  2^nd  Street,  then  to  Albany,  to  24th  Street, 
to  \Vhipple,  and  back  to  the  Church,  where  a  triumphal  arch  had  been  erected, 
upon  which  waved  the  flags  of  all  the  Allied  nations.  Beside  it,  a  speakers^ 
platform  had  been  set  up. 

In  Front  of  the  Church 


At  the  conclusion  of  the  parade,  the  people  gathered  in  front  of  the  Church 
around  the  speakers'  platform  that  had  been  built  for  the  occasion.  First  of 
all,  the  Reverend  Furman,  pastor  of  St.  Casimir's  Church,  performed  the  cere- 
mony of  consecration  of  the  service  flags,  with  the  assistance  of  the  Reverends 
L.  Sychowski  and  J.  Zelezinski.  The  American  service  flag,  as  mentioned  before, 
contains  521  stars,  while  the  Polish  flag  has  104  eagles.  At  the  conclusion 
of  this  ceremony,  and  after  the  singing  of  Polish  and  American  national  anthems. 


I — ^ 


ro 
tr 


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III  D 
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-  6  - 


Dzlennik  Zwla2^owy,  July  29,  1918. 


POTJSF 


the  flags  were  unfurled  on  a  specially  built  arch,  upon  which  waved  the  flags 
of  all  of  the  Allied  nations  fitting  for  the  world's  cause. 

Leon  Sliwa,  president  of  the  local  Citizens  Committee,  then  opened  the  program 
with  a  short  address,  after  which  he  called,  as  the  first  speaker,  S.  Krz3nvonos, 
organizer  for  the  Polish  Army.  The  speaker  thanked  the  company  of  soldiers  of 
the  American  Army  for  their  participation  in  so  significant  a  celebration.  Ite 
next  speaker  was  I!r.  Skaags,  well-known  friend  of  the  Poles,  who  has  written 
several  books  about  Poles.  He  is  familiar  not  only  with  the  history  of  Poland, 
but  with  the  history  of  all  nations.   In  addition,  he  is  an  excellent  speaker. 
He  based  his  statements  upon  facts,  proving  conclusively  that  (Jermany  must  be 
defeated.  Since  he  is,  as  we  mentioned  above,  an  authoritative  historian  and 
a  friend  of  the  Poles,  he  gave  Poland  full  credit  for  its  sacrifices,  not  only 
at  present,  but  at  all  times,  and  not  only  for  its  own  people,  but  for  the 
people  of  all  oppressed  nations.  Several  times  he  referred  to  the  bravery  of 


-^4 


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III  H 
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-  7  - 


POLISH 


Dzlennik  Zwlazkovtfy,  July  29,  1918. 


Kosciuszko  and  Pulaski,  who  fought  for  the  freedom  of  the  United  States.  He 
spoke  also  of  the  patriotism  and  loyalty  of  the  Poles  in  this  country,  who,  he 
said,  are  the  most  capable  citizens  in  the  United  States.  It  is  a  great  pity 
that  we  cannot  give  his  address  in  its  entirety. 


Just  as  l^T.   Skaags  finished  his  address,  a  terrific  wind  arose  and  rain  started 
coming  down  in  torrents.  Everyone  took  shelter  wherever  he  could  to  avoid 
getting  wet.  As  the  rain  continued,  it  was  decided  to  resiime  the  program  in 
the  old  church,  where  the  recruiting  station  for  St.  Casimir*s  Parish  is  located. 
The  hall  was  filled  to  capacity  with  those  who  wanted  to  hear  the  rest  of  the 
program.  According  to  the  prearranged  program,  Casimir  Zychlinski,  president  of 
the  Polish  National  Alliance,  was  scheduled  as  the  next  speaker,  and  so  Chairman 
Sliwa  called  upon  him  to  make  the  first  speech  in  the  hall* 


3C 


CD 
— I 


Address  by  Zychlinski  in  Sumriary 


1  am  sorry  that  I  was  not  here  to  address  you  at  the  unfurling  of  the  flags. 


I  a 

III  D 
III  H 
TV 


-  8  - 


Dzlennik  ZwiazkoTwy^  July  29,  1918 


POLISH 


Vflien  the  Huns  took  our  wanen  and  children  and  placed  them  in  labor  camps; 
when  they  called  to  their  aid  not  only  the  Austrians  and  Bulgars,  but  the  Turks 
as  well,  to  permit  these  hordes  to  destroy  our  country  while  their  own  bestial 
soldiers  ravished  our  women  and  murdered  our  children,  we  did  not  believe  that 
we  would  ever  be  in  a  position  to  avenge  all  our  wrongs:  we  thought  that  Poland 
was  lost.  But  fortunately,  things  turned  out  differently. 

^America  entered  this  World  War  and  immediately  declared  that  Poland  must  be 
free  and  united.  The  other  Allied  nations  followed  America's  example,  making 
the  same  declaration.  Then  came  the  time  when  France  permitted  the  formation 
of  a  Polish  Array,  which  is  now  fighting.  Poles  from  all  over  the  world  have 
enlisted  and  are  continuing  to  enlist  in  this  army,  but  the  greatest  enlistment 
is  from  America.  Thousands  of  these  American  Poles  are  now  in  the  Polish  Army, 
and  more  thousands  are  to  be  found  in  Uncle  Sam's  army.  Daily  we  see  the 
American  Army  casualty  lists  in  the  newspapers,  and  always  there  are  many  Polish 


I  G 
III  D 
III  H 
IV 


-  9  - 


Dzlennik  Zwiazkowy,  July  29,  1918 ♦ 


POLISH 


names  included,  which  proves  that  there  are  laany  Poles  on  the  battle  front. 
But  this  is  not  yet  the  end;  many  more  v;ill  go,  for  it  takes  a  great  many  sol- 
diers to  destroy  the  Huns, 

"France,  Italy,  England,  and  Belgium  are  exhausted  aft'^r  years  of  war,  but 
America  still  has  many  young  men  who  are  impatient  to  ^o  forth  to  crush  the 
Germans.   Today,  Poland  is  one  of  the  Allies,  and,  like  other  nations,  we  have 
our  own  government  in  Paris*  We  had  the  honor,  not  long  ago,  of  entertaining 
Dr.  M.  Seyda,  a  member  of  that  government,  the  so-called  Polish  National  Commit- 
tee* 

"Hail  to  your  community  for  those  who  you  have  sent  to  fight  in  a  sacred  causel 
And  when  they  have  given  the  Germans  the  final  blow,  they  will  march  on  to 
Berlin,  and  from  there  to  the  Wawel,  to  Poznan,  and  to  the  capital  of  Poland, 
VJarsaw,  there  to  plant  the  banner  with  the  '.Vhite  Saglel" 


■ — I 


I  G 
III  D 
III  H 
IV 


-  10  - 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  July  29,  1918. 


Other  Addresses 


POLISH 


The  next  speaker  was  the  Reverend  John  Mard,  priest-patriot  of  Y/hiting,  Indiana. 
/Address  by  the  Reverend  Mard,  omitted  in  translation /T" 

The  last  speaker  was  John  Rybicki,  president  of  Circuit  II,  Polish  Falcons^ 
Alliance  of  America,  following  which  Chairman  Sliwa,  president  of  the  local 
Citizens  Committee,  thanked  the  gathering  for  its  participation,  and  the  guests 
and  speakers  for  coming. 

The  various  organizations  were  represented  as  follows: 

The  Polish  National.  Alliance:  C.  Zychlinski,  president;  J.  Zawilinski, 
secretary-general;  Mrs.  W.  Sakowski,  W.  Wrzesinski,  W.  Szymanski  and 
W.  Pijanowski,  directors. 
The  Polish  Women's  Alliance  of  America:  Mrs.  Anna  Neuman,  president; 


CO 

or 


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III   D 
III  H 
IV 


-  11  - 


Dziennik  Zwlazkoivy,   July  29,  1918 


POLISH 


Miss  Smily  Napieralski,   secretary-general. 

Circuit  II,  Polish  Falcons'   Alliance:   J.  Hybicki,   president;  W*   Lubicz, 

vice-president. 

With  the  conclusion  of  the  program  at  the  parish  hall,   the  representatives  of 
the  organizations,   the  recruiting  officers,   the  nurses,  the  representatives  of 
the  press,  and  other  invited  guests  proceeded  to  Rafinski's  Hall,  23rd  and 
IVhipple  Streets,  where  the  local  Citizens  Committee,  under  the  leadership  of  the 
Reverend  A.  Furman,  had  arranged  a  banquet.     The  food  was  prepared  by  wives  of 
the  members  of  the  Citizens'   Committee. 


/Details  of  banquet  omitted  in  translation,/ 


A 


I  G 
III  H 
I  C 
IV 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,   July  16,   1918. 


TOM  OF  LAKE  GIViiS  POLISH  ARLT  VGLlTlJTIilERS  SEKD-CFF 


•A3 


The  City  of  Chicago  bade  fare^vell  yesterday  to  almost  tv;o  hundred  volunteers 
to  the  Polish  Array,  who  left  for  the  training  camp  in  Canada  so  that,  after 
proper  training,  they  might  go  to  France  to  avenge  the  ^vrongs  committed  by  the 
Germans  against  not  only  the  Poles  but  the  whole  world. 

Yesterday^s  farewell  banquet  for  volunteers  to  the  Polish  Army  was  held  in  the 
oldest  parish  in  Tov/n  of  Lake,  St*  Joseph* s,  the  pastor  of  which  is  the  Rev- 
erend Stanislaus  Cholev/inski.  The  dinner  for  the  volunteers,  recruiting  of- 
ficers, nurses,  the  citizens'  committee,  and  guests  was  held,  entirely  at  Father 
Cholewinski's  expense,  in  the  beautifully  decorated  Sherman  park  hall  at  59th 
and  Throop  Streets. 

Before  nine  o'clock  in  the  morning,  some  thirty-six  local  volunteers  had  gathered 
in  front  of  the  Town  of  Lake  recruiting  office,  together  with  the  local  citizens' 
committee,  W»  Lagocki's  band,  and  hundreds  of  other  people,  including  friends  and 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


H 


Dziennik  Zwlazkovjy,  July  IG,  1918. 


I  G 
III 
I  C 
IV 

families  of  the  recruits,  and  av;aited  the  arrival  of  the  recruiting  officers 
and  volunteers  froiu  Center  II.  The  nusic  oi  the  band,  which  played  throughout 
the  time  of  waiting,  attracted  hundreds  of  additional  people,  from  among  whom 
five  more  men  enlisted  in  the  Polish  Army;  of  tnese,  four  left  yesterday  for 
the  training  caiap. 


Shortly  after  ten  o* clock,  two  chartered  street  cars  arrived  with  the  volunteers 
from  Center  II  and  other  neighborhoods,  with  their  recruiting  sergeants.  The 
local  volunteers,  under  recruiting  sergeant  S^   Deplev;ski,  joined  them  and,  form- 
ing ranks,  moved  dovm  47th  Street  to  -Vood,  to  4bth  Street,  and  to  St.  Joseph^ s 
Church,  located  at  South  Hermitage  and  48th  Streets • 

Upon  arrival  at  the  church  and  after  the  volunteers,  recruiting  sergeants,  and 
the  citizens'  corimittee  were  seated,  S.  Eolewski,  the  local  organist,  played  a 
welcoming  march,  and  the  large  St«  Joseph* s  Church  was  filled  to  capacity  with 
faifiilies,  friends,  and  relatives  of  the  volunteers.  Solemn  high  mass  v/as 


I  G 


-  3  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  July  16,  1918. 


Ill  H 
I  C 
IT 

celebrated  by  the  Reverend  Julian  Grzesinski,  assisted  by  the  Reverend 
Anthony  A.  Klowo  of  Sacred  Heart  Parish  as  deacon,  and  the  Reverend  Stephen 
Szczepanski  as  subdeacon.  The  local  St.  Cecelia  choir,  under  the  direction  of 
the  organist,  Bolewski,  sang  beautifully  throughout  the  ceremony.  The  ceremony 
ended  with  the  presentation  of  the  Holy  Sacrament  and  the  singing  of  **Boga 
Rodzica"  (mother  of  God*») . 

A  beautiful  and  patriotic  sermon  was  delivered  by  the  Reverend  F.  Kachnowski, 
assistant  of  St.  Joseph's  Parish.  This  able  priest-patriot  showed,  in  his  long 
and  inspiring  sermon,  ho?;  we  should  love  our  homeland,  Poland,  which  has  given 
us  everything;  we,  in  return,  as  faithful  sons  of  that  mother  Poland,  should 
hasten  now  to  her  aid. 


■ 


-3 

o 


— I 


He  ended  his  sermon  by  bidding  the  volunteers  farewell  and  giving  them  his  bless- 
ing. The  entire  congregation  then  sang  the  Polish  national  hymn,  '^Boze  Cos 
Polske^  (**God  Save  Poland*').  Outside  the  church,  ranks  were  again  formed  and 
the  parade  marched  to  the  Sherman  Park  Hall  at  52nd  and  Throop  Streets,  where  an 


I  G 
III  H 
I  C 
IV 

ample  dinner  awaited. 


-  4  - 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  July  16,  1918 • 


POLISH 


Upon  arrival  at  the  hall,  the  volunteers,  recruiting  sergeants,  the  clergy, 
nurses,  and  the  citizens'  coimaittee  took  their  places,  and  the  dinner,  which 
had  been  prepared  by  the  women  of  the  local  Helen  Paderewski  White  cross  society, 
headed  by  Mrs.  A.  Milasiewicz,  president,  and  Mrs.  A.  Wlodarski,  secretary,  was 
served.  Throughout  the  course  of  the  dinner,  W.  Lagocki's  band  occupied  the 
platform  and  entertained  the  gathering  with  its  music,  beginning  with  the  Ameri- 
can national  anthem,  •♦The  Star-Spangled  Banner, •♦  at  which  everyone  arose. 

At  the  main  table  v/e  noticed  the  Reverends  L#  Grudzinski,  J.  Grzesinski,  Felix 
Kachnowski,  A*  Klowo,  and  Stephen  Szczepanski,  and  members  of  the  local  citizens* 
committee:  B.   Kowalewski,  W.  Wrzesinski,  R.  Kowalewski,  S.  Bradel,  S#  Jankowski, 
J.  Kukulski,  J.   Kwiatkowski,  J.  Krolewczyk,  K«  Czapka,  and  W.  Olszewski,  and 
others  from  other  parts  of  the  city. 


o 

CO 


Amongst  the  other  guests,  we  noticed  the  secretaries  from  Recruiting  Center  II, 


I  G  -  5  -  POLISH 

III  H 

I  C  Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  July  16,  1918. 

IV 

Miss  Z«  Jaworowski,  and  Miss  H.  Wolff,  J.  Przyprawa,  S.  Rozkosz,  Miss  A# 
Y/isla,  W#  Lubicz,  vice-president  of  Circuit  II,  polish  Falcons*  Alliance, and 
the  well-known  Northwest  Side  citizens,  Preiss  and  Wisniewski.  The  press  was 
represented  as  follows:  Dziennik  Chicagoski  by  \u   Gorzynski,  Dziennik  Narodowy 
by  £•  Kolakowski,  and  Dziennik  Zwiazkowy  by  W.  Skwarczynski.  Near  them  sat  the 
Polish  Army  nurses....,  the  volunteers,  and  their  recruiting  sergeants. 

The  first  speaker  to  address  the  gathering  after  dinner  was  B.  Kowalewski,  well- 
kno^.vn  banker  of  Town  of  Lake  and  president  of  the  local  citizens'  committee.  He 
greeted  the  volunteers  in  behalf  of  St.  Joseph's  Parish  and  Town  of  Lake  and 
called  up  the  Reverend  Julian  Grzesinski  to  act  as  toastmaster.  He  in  his  turn 
greeted  the  volunteers  in  behalf  of  the  absent  pastor  of  St.  Joseph's  Church, 
S.  Cholewinski,  and  the  whole  parish,  wishing  them  a  speedy  victory  over  the 
base  Prussians  and  a  glorious  homecoming* 

The  next  speaker  was  the  well-known  priest-patriot,  the  Reverend  L.  Grudzinski, 
diocesan  counsel.  In  his  long  and  beautiful  address,  the  reverend  speaker 


O 

CO 
CD 


I  G  -  6  -  POLISH 

III  H 

I  C  Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  July  16,  1918, 

17 

pointed  out  how  difficult  it  is  to  orient  oneself  and  believe  what  is  hap- 
pening, that  it  is  not  a  mirage;  for,  after  so  many  years  of  slavery,  we  did 
not  even  dream  that  we  would  be  permitted  to  organize  our  own  army,  under  our 
own  flag.  Yet  it  is  no  mirage,  it  is  a  reality  today.  We  already  have  tens  of 
thousands  of  volunteer  soldiers,  a  good  part  of  whom  are  now  on  the  battle  front 
in  France,  fighting  not  only  for  our  homeland's  freedom,  but  for  the  freedom  of 
all  the  oppressed  nations  of  the  world. 

He  went  on  to  say  that  it  is  his  belief  that  the  United  States  is  paying  its 
debt  to  us,  that  this  country  is  grateful  to  us  for  our  heroes,  Kosciusko  and 
Pulaski,  who,  as  lovers  of  freedom,  hastened  to  this  country  to  help  it  win  its 
independence.  The  worthy  priest-patriot  urged  enlistment  in  the  polish  Army, 
which  is  already  fairly  large.  «You  are  going  to  fight, ♦♦  he  said,  **not  as  hired 
or  conscripted  soldiers,  but  as  free  citizens,  as  Poles  to  whom  pay  or  rewards 
or  privileges  are  not  of  primary  importance.  On  enlistment,  you  were  not  promised 
*  golden  mountains',  you  knew  that  you  were  going  to  fight  as  good  sons  of  Poland, 
and  I  believe  that  you  will  restore  Poland  to  liberty,  that  you  will  tear  off  the 


cjrii 


I  G 
III  H 
I  C 
IV 


--  1   -^ 


Dziennik  Zwiazkov/y,  July  16,  1918. 


POLISH 


chains  with  which  our  enemies  have  kept  her  bound  for  more  than  a  century. •♦ 

In  conclusion,  the  speaker  bade  farewell  to  the  volunteers,  and  begged  them  to 
give  to  our  brave  boys  who  are  already  at  the  front  the  assurance  that  the  clergy 
and  the  people  have  not  forgotten,  nor  v/ill  ever  forget,  about  them.  For  so 
heartfelt  an  address,  the  gathering  rev;arded  Father  Grudzinski  with  three  cheers. 

The  next  speaker  was  W.  Lubicz,  vice-president  of  Circuit  II,  Polish  Falcons* 
Alliance,  who  greeted  the  volunteers  in  behalf  of  the  Falcons,  expressing  his 
hope  that  they  will  be  victorious  and  plant  the  standards  of  the  7/hite  Sagle  on 
the  walls  of  our  old  ciuies,  Krakow,  Foznan,  and  v/arsaw. 

Following  this  address,  S.  Krzywonos,  organizer  for  the  Polish  Army,  spoke  with 
his  usual  ease.  He  urged  enlistment  in  the  Polish  Army,  while  for  those  who 
oppose  the  organization  of  this  army,  he  had  nothing  but  words  of  contempt. 
Krzyv/onos  then  introduced  two  volunteers  who  ought  to  serve  as  examples  to  those 
who  have  not  enlisted  as  yet.  These  were  S.  Bujakiewicz,  former  editor  of 


ho 


I  G  -  8  -  POLISH 

III  H 

I  C  Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  July  16,  1918* 

IV 

Dziennik  Narodowy,  an  elderly  man  with  gray  hair,  and  a  sixteen-year-old 
youngster,  Theodore  Freling,  of  St.  Joseph,  Missouri.  Neither  of  these  vol- 
unteers were  drawn  into  the  service  by  any  hope  of  personal  gain,  but  by  love 
of  Poland.   In  conclusion,  Krzyv/onds  presented  the  young  man  with  an  army  watch, 
for  which  the  youthful  volunteer  thanked  him. 

The  well-known  priest-patriot,  A.  Klowo,  then  spoke  in  behalf  of  Sacred  Heart 
Parish,  wishing  the  volunteers  as  speedy  as  possible  a  victory  and  a  safe  re- 
turn. After  this  splendid  address,  volunteer  S.  Bujakiewicz  spoke,  thanking 
the  community  of  Town  of  Lake  in  behalf  of  the  volunteers  for  so  splendid  a 
reception.  A  very  nice  speech  was  also  made  by  Miss  Frances  Koza,  in  which 
she  bade  farewell  to  the  volunteers  and  gave  them  best  wishes  f.r  a  quick 
victory;  she  spoke  in  behalf  of  the  Polish  Army  nurses  and  the  Polish  women. 

The  last  speaker  was  the  toastinaster  himself,  Father  Grzesinski,  who  bade  the 
volunteers  farewell  in  behalf  of  Town  of  Lake  and  Polonia  in  general.  The 
gathering  then  sang  ••Boze  Cos  Polske'*  (♦♦God  Save  Poland ♦♦)  to  the   accompaniment 


-  9  - 


Dzlennik  Zwiazkoi^ry,  July  16,  1918. 


POLISH 


of  the  orchestra,  and  the  dinner  was  at  an  end,  :vhen  the  program  was  ended, 
the  women  of  the  local  citizens*  couiraittee  passed  out  parcels  of  food  amongst 
the  recruits,  while  the  men  gave  cigarettes  and  cigars. 


After  certain  necessary  formalities  were  taken  care  of  by  the  recruiting  officers, 
the  volunteers  were  photographed  by  the  two  well-known  Rozanski  brothers  in  front 
of  the  park  pavilion.  The  photographers  have  assured  us  that,  despite  the  rain, 
the  photographs  have  turned  out  very  well. 

The  local  citizens*  committee  then  invited  the  officers,  committee,  and  volun- 
teers into  automobiles  that  waited  to  take  them  to  Grant  Park.  The  procession 
of  automobiles,  decorated  with  Polish  and  American  flags,  was  a  very  beautiful 
one.   It  was  led  by  an  open  car  bearing  eight  standard-bearers  with  the  flags 
of  the  allied  nations,  following  vvhich  came  a  motor  truck,  lent  for  the  purpose 
by  the  Perlowski  Brothers  Furniture  Company,  carrying  W.  Lagocki's  band,  which 
played  beautiful  marches  throughout  the  whole  trip.  Then  followed  the  cars 
bearing  the  citizens*  coiimiittee,  the  clergy,  recruiting  officers,  representatives 


-  10  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  July  16,  1918 • 


I  G 
III  H 
I  C 
17 

of  the  press,  volunteers,  and  guests.  Altogether,  the  procession  included 
fifty-nine  automobiles  and  two  trucks,  one  v/ith  the  musicians  and  the  other, 
bringing  up  the  rear,  v/ith  the  volunteers*  baggage.  The  second  truck  was  lent 
without  charge  by  E.  Pawelkiewicz,  well-known  furniture  dealer.  The  procession, 
stretching  for  several  blocks,  moved  down  Garfield  Boulevard  to  Michigan  Boule- 
vard, and  thence  to  Grant  Park,  where  ranks  were  forraed  for  a  parade  downtown 
to  the  railroad  station  at  Dearborn  and  Folk  Streets. 

Parade  Downtown 


At  the  head  of  the  parade  marched  the  recruiting  officers  Rozkosz  and  Przyprawa, 
followed  by  the  citizens*  committee  and  the  allied  flags.  Then  came  the  band, 
followed  by  the  Polish  Aniiy  nurses.  The  volunteers  were  led  by  Recruiting  Of- 
ficer G.   Kostecki  and  sergeants  from  the  various  stations.  The  parade  was  ex- 
tremely attractive  as  it  moved  down  Jackson  Boulevard  to  Dearborn  street  and  to 
the  Grand  Trunk  station.  Because  of  the  lateness  of  the  hour,  the  parade  was 
shorter  than  originally  planned,  but  nevertheless  it  was  enthusiastically 


f 


-  11  - 


I  G 
III  H 
I  C 

17 

applauded  and  cheered  by  the  bystanders. 


POLISH 


Dziennlk  Zwiazkowy>  July  16,  1918. 


Immediately  after  arrival  at  the  station,  the  volunteers  took  their  places  in 
three  special  cars,  where  they  said  their  final  farewells  to  families  and  friends, 
while  the  band  played  to  keep  up  cheerful  spirit,  in  the  meantime,  cigarettes, 
soap,  books,  and  postcards  were  distributed  amongst  the  volunteers.  Finally,  as 
the  band  played  Polish  national  hymns,  the  train  started,  carrying  away  those 
faithful  sons  of  Poland  who  have  gone  forth  to  restora  Poland  to  freedom,  to 
strike  off  the  chains  that  binds  her,  and  to  avenge  the  crimes  committed  by  the 
Germans,  the  modern  Huns,  and  to  return  as  heroes,  covered  with  glory. 


5> 


I  G 
III  H 
VT 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  July  6,  1918, 


POLISH  ARMT  V0LU14TEERS  GIVEN  SEND-OFF 


More  than  a  hundred  volunteers  left  yesterday  to  swell  the  ranks  of  the 
Polish  Army.  Recruiting  is  steadily  increasing,  for  our  boys  have  seen  their 
duty  to  Poland  and  are  enlisting  in  the  Polish  Army  in  ever- increasing  num- 
bers, knowing  that  the  Polish  Array  must  be  made  as  large  as  possible. 

The  Polish  Army  is  necessary  not  alone  as  a  fighting  force;  it  must  also  show 
that  we  are  banding  together  in  defense  of  our  homeland.  Vftien  the  war  is 
ended,  it  will  take  over  our  Poland,  torn  from  the  grasp  of  the  Prussians. 
The  Polish  Army  has  great  political  significance,  for  the  greater  that  army 
becomes,  the  more  will  we  show  the  world  that  we  love  freedom,  that  we  want 
Poland  to  be  independent,  that  we  want  to  perpetuate  democracy  throughout  the 
whole  world,  and  that  we  join  with  the  Allies  in  crushing  German  militarism, 
which  in  itself  will  bring  peace  to  the  entire  world. 


-rj 


-a 

TO 

o 

CD 

rx3 


err 


Thus,  it  is  the  sacred  duty  of  every  Pole  to  enlist  in  the  ranks  of  the  Polish 


I  a 

III  H 
IT 


-  2  - 


Dziennlk  Zwlazkowy,  July  6,  1918. 


POLISH 


Array,  an  autonomous  army  fighting  under  Polish  command,  under  the  V/hite  Eagle, 
in  the  defense  of  Poland.  Although  it  is  at  present  fighting  in  France,  the 
Polish  Army  will  move  on  into  Poland  after  the  Germans  have  been  finally  de- 
feated, in  order  to  be  on  hand,  should  the  necessity  arise,  to  protect  Poland 
against  the  Prussian  hordes.  So,  do  not  delay I  Do  not  wait  until  tomorrow, 
but  support  this  able  army  by  enlisting  now,  for  soon  it  may  be  too  late  to 
enlist  as  a  volunteer:  You  will  be  drafted!  Do  not  wait  for  the  draft  but 
enlist  now  as  volunteers,  as  good,  patriotic  Poles. 

The  volunteers  from  the  communities  under  the  jurisdiction  of  the  Polish  Array 
Recruiting  Center  II  began  to  gather  in  front  of  the  Center  very  early  in  the 
morning.  From  other  parts  of  the  city,  volunteers  arrived  accompanied  by  their 
recruiting  sergeants*  After  the  roll  was  called  and  after  other  formalities 
were  taken  care  of,  a  parade  was  formed  with  the  St.  Hedwig  Parish  citizens 
committee  at  its  head.  The  parade  marched  to  St.  Hedwig *s  Parish,  where  a  fare- 
well program  had  been  arranged  for  the  departing  volunteers. 


CD 


I  G 
III  H 
IV 


-  3  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy>  July  5,  1918 


Upon  arrival  at  St,  Hedwig's  Church,  where  the  Reverend  John  Obyrtacz  is 
pastor,  solemn  High  Mass  was  celebrated.  The  Reverend  P.  Solczak  officiated, 
assisted  by  the  Reverends  T.  Szypkowski  as  deacon  and  3.  Cieslak  as  subdeacon. 
Father  Obyrtacz  delivered  the  sermon,  bidding  farewell  to  the  recruits  and 
giving  them  his  wholehearted  blessing  that  they  march  to  victory  and  win  the 
independence  of  Poland. 

After  the  ceremony  in  church,  a  parade  through  the  streets  of  St.  Hedwig's 
Parish  v/as  staged  to  whet  appetites  for  the  dinner  the  women  of  the  parish  had 
prepared.  The  parade  ended  at  the  parish  hall,  where  the  tables  v/ere  already 
amply  laden  with  food.  Father  Obyrtacz,  the  local  pastor,  saw  to  it  that  the 
recruits  and  guests  were  all  seated  to  everyone's  comfort.  Despite  the  fact 
that  it  was  a  fast  day  ^rida^,  the  dinner  was  a  splendid  one.  Nothing  was 
lacking,  and  the  recruits  could  eat  as  much  as  they  wished.  In  addition, 
they  were  given  food  to  eat  on  the  train,  as  well  as  cigarettes  and  cigars. 


•■o 


TO 

ro 


I  0 
III  H 
IV 


-  4  - 


Dziennik  Zwiazkov/y,   July  6,   1918* 


POLISH 


At  the  conclusion  of  the  dinner,  Father  Obyrtacz  delivered  the  first  addresso 
He  spoke  earnestly,  predicting  a  quick  victory  and  speedy  recovery  of  Poland 
from  under  the  German  iron  heel.  His  address  was  followed  by  the  singing  of 
several  beautiful  Polish  national  anthems  by  the  parish  school  children,  who 
then  danced  a  Krakowiak  ^racovian  dance/.  It  must  be  admitted  that  the  able 
Sisters,  whose  task  it  is  to  educate  these  children,  are  really  v/orking  to 
keep  awake  the  Polish  spirit  in  their  charges* 

After  the  songs  and  the  dance,  Father  Obyrtacz  introduced  Lieutenant  Jurkowski, 
of  the  Polish  army  in  Russia  under  General  Dowbor-Musnicki.  The  lieutenant 
has  been  in  America  for  several  weeks  on  a  mission  of  great  importance  to  the 
Poles.  He  was  greeted  enthusiastically  by  the  gathering,  and  in  return,  he 
expressed  his  thanks,  bidding  the  volunteers  farewell  and  wishing  them  success. 
At  the  same  time,  he  greeted  them  as  soldiers. 


'u 


CO 

-•-J 


Father  Obyrtacz  then  called  upon  two  volunteers,  John  Dziobek  and  Sebastian  Pelc, 


I  g 

III  H 
17 


-  5  - 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  July  6,  19 18, 


POLISH 


members  of  Group  1776,  Polish  National  Alliance,  and  presented  each  with  a 
wrist  watch  on  behalf  of  their  Alliance  group.  Group  1776  should  serve  as  an 
example  to  others.   It  has  given  proof  that  it  recognizes  the  patriotism  of 
its  members  by  offering  keepsakes.  Volunteer  Dziobek  expressed  thanks  for  the 
gift  on  his  own  and  his  friend's  behalf.  He  then  presented  Volunteer  Anthony 
Rapacz  with  a  White  Eagle  signet  ring,  offered  by  his  sister. 

The  speakers  who  followed  included  N.  L.  Piotrowski,  president  of  the  Polish 
Roman  Catholic  Union;  Mrs.  V.  Jozwiakowski ;  Leon  Nowak,  secretary  of  the  Central 
Citizens  Committee;  T.  Blachowski;  and  John  Przyprawa,  inspector  for  the  Polish 
Army. 

In  conclusion,  the  volunteers  expressed,  by  rising, their  thanks  to  Father 
Obyrtacz,  to  the  local  citizens  committee,  and  to  the  women  who  prepared  the 
dinner.  The  gathering  then  sang  ^Boze  Cos  Polske'*  ^od  Save  Poland/. 


-a 


CD 


I  g 

III  H 
17 


-  6  - 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  July  6,   1918. 


POLISH 


Before  the  volunteers  left  the  hall,  Inspector  Przyprawa  disposed  of  the  i^- 
maining  formalities  v/ith  them  and  turned  them  over  to  Lieutenant  Szwalkiewicz , 
an  officer  from  the  training  camp.   It  should  be  mentioned  here  that  the  music 
during  the  dinner  was  supplied  by  the  Kipkowski  Brothers  orchestra* 

After  leaving  the  hall,  the  volunteers  posed  for  a  photograph  in  front  of 
St.  Hedwig^s  Church,  the  well-known  Rozanski  brothers,  whose  photographic 
establishment  is  located  on  lililwaukee  Avenue,  taking  the  picture.  They  then 
boarded  streetcars,  and,  upon  reaching  the  Loop,  Ibrmeda  parade  that  marched 
through  the  downtown  streets  to  the  railroad  station.  During  the  parade  as 
well  as  at  the  station,  our  volunteers  were  thunderously  applauded.  Americans, 
regularly  seeing  our  parades  to  the  railroad  station,  are  convinced  that  the 
Poles  are  energetically  pursuing  the  fight  for  the  common  cause* 


-a 


CO 

ro 
en 


At  the  station,  there  was,  as  usual,  much  weeping  during  the  farewells  that 


I  G 
III  H 
IV 


-   1   -- 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  July  6,  1918« 


POLISFI 


lasted  until  the  train  started.  The  music  of  the  Kipkowski  Brothers  orchestra 
played  steadily  to  drovm  out  the  laiients  of  mothers,  sisters,  and  fiancee •s. 
Each  soldier  \vas  given  cigarettes  and  other  necessities... .before  he  boarded 
the  train. 

To  the  music  of  the  orchestra  and  amid  the  cheers  of  the  crowd  for  the  Polish 
Army,  the  train  pulled  out,  carrying  those  faithful  sons  of  Poland  to  the 
training  camp,  where  they  will  receive  their  first  training.  Soon  they  will 
be  sent  to  France  to  swell  the  ranks  of  the  constantly  grov/ing  Polish  Army. 


23» 


r- 


CD 
-  J 


POLISH 


c  (3) 


Dziennik  Zv/lazkov.y,  June  24,  1918. 

GREAT  IIAITLFEST.lTIOI:  ISLD  IIT  3T.  KEDV/IG»S  PilPJSH 
Consecration  and  Unfurling  of  Service  x'^lag 


St.  Hedwig's  Parish  held  the  unusual  ceremony  yesterday  of  consecrating  its 
service  flag,  that  is,  a  flag  that  contains  462  stars,  signifying  that  this 
number  of  men  of  St.  Hedwig's  Parish  have  enlisted  in  either  the  ^^nerican  or 
the  Polish  Army.  The  manifestation  was  of  an  imusually  soleran  character 
because  of  its  high  significance. 

Despite  the  fact  that  at  present  there  are  462  stars  on  the  service  flag, 
519  men  have  enlisted  from  St.  iiedwig's  Parish  to  fight  the  Germans.  This  is 
the  best  proof  that  Polish  youth  is  answering  the  call,  and  is  v/illing  to  go 
where  it  is  needed,  where  it  can  give  service  to  its  homeland,  Poland,  and  its 
adopted  homeland,  .unerica.   Our  youth  has  understood  that  only  by  force  of 
arms  can  the  Prussian  be  brought  to  reason,  and  only  when  he  is  finally  and 
definitely  beaten  will  he  abandon  the  idea  of  ruling  the  xvorld.  Our  youth 
is  going  to  fight  in  defense  of  huraanity  and  the  democracy  of  the  world,  to 


•-T3 


CD 

cr 


HBM 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


C  (3) 


Dziemiik  Zwiazkov;y,  June  24,  1918. 


safeguard  equal  ri(^ts  for  everyone,  winning  in  this  way  the  freedom 
and  independence  of  Poland,  with  an  outlet  to  the  sea,  as  was  promised 
us  by  the  iUlies. 


To 


The  present  war,  like  every  other  war,  deinands  a  sacrifice  of  human  life, 
date,  many  Poles  of  Chicago  who  served  in  the  American  army  have  died  on  the 
battlefields  of  ITrance,  Soon  we  will  be  hearing  of  the  losses  in  the  Polish 
Anriy,  which  is  already  at  the  battle  froiio  and  vdiich  at  any  moment  may  be  given 
the  order  to  attack.  Naturally,  there  will  be  losses,  but  let  this  not  frighten 
parents,  sisters,  brothers,  or  friends,  for  even  should  you  receive  the  news 
that  a  dear  one  has  been  killed  in  action,  you  may  be  p2X)ud  of  the  fact  that  he 
died  a  hero,  in  defense  of  the  ri^Jits  of  humanity,  in  defense  of  civilization, 
against  the  vicious  and  savage  Germans,  who,  like  the  worst  criminals,  have 
committed  and  are  committing  terrible  crimes  on  our  mothers,  sisters,  fathers, 
and  brothers  in  our  poor,  devastated,  depopiilated  Poland.  They  are  fighting 
in  defense,  not  only  of  those  in  li^irope,  but  of  those  in  Aiierica  as  well,  for 
if  the  Geimans  are  not  crushed  in  Burope,  they  will  do  the  same  thing  here. 


Z30 


CD 


I  Or 


II  B  1 

III 

D 

III 

C 

III 

H 

17 

c  (3) 


-  3  - 


Dziennik  Zv;iazkov;;/,  June  24,  1913. 


POLISH 


So,  do  not  weep,  but  rejoice  that  they  are  dying  for  a  sacred  cause, 
for  our  cause  and  your  cause. 


Yesterday's  manifestation  will  long  renain  in  the  nenories  of  those  who  were 
there  and  saw  it.  Since  a  great  many  people  participated  in  the  parade  and 
manifestation,  we  can  only  suppose  that  the  whole  parish  participated  as  one 
man  to  observe  this  unusual  ceremony  and  to  honor  those  v;ho  either  are  al- 
ready fighting  or  are  being  trained. 

The  flag  was  consecrated  in  St.  Hedwig's  Church  at  two  o'clock  in  the  after- 
noon, after  which  the  banner  was  carried  out  by  yoiuig  women,  who  also  carried 
it  during  the  parade.  Tlie  parade  formed  as  follows: 


Co 


1.  Policemen,  mounted  and  afoot.  2.  Flags.  3.  The  band. 

4.  Illinois  national  Guard.  5.  Marshals  of  the  parade  and  military 

societies. 


I  G 

II  3  1 

III  D 
III  C 
III  K 
17 


-  4  - 


POLISH 


(5) 


Dzieiinik  Zwiazkov/y,   Jiine  24,   1918. 


Children's  division 
6.     Uncle  Sam.     ?•     Air.erican  and  Polish  fla^s.     8.     Scouts  and  sailors. 
9.     £i  float  shovang  Kiueen  Jadwiga  and  her  court.     10.     Boys  and  girls 
in  /Polish/    national  costui.ies.     11.     Living  iiinerican  flag.     12.     Guard- 
ians of  the  Red  Gross.     13.     Boys  and  girls  with  Araerican  flags. 


"C 

^ 


Young  v/onen's  division 
14.  Polish  flag  carried  by  a  Polish  Icnight  assisted  by  young  women  in 
Cracovian  costume.  15.  Living  Polish  flag  composed  of  young  v/onen. 
16.  A  float  depicting  the  Goddess  of  Freedom  emd  Poland  in  chairs;  witl:^ 
a  guard  of  honor.  17.  Hed  Gross  nurses.  18.  A  float  shovjing  a  Kelen 
Paderewski  Club  vjorkroom.  19.  Service  flag  carried  by  young  wonen  in 
patriotic  costume;  scouts  comprising  the  guard  of  honor. 


O 


;7omen '  s 


division 

20.  Women's  societies.  21.  Polish  matrons  vdio  gave  their  husbands, 
sons,  and  b3?others  to  the  defense  of  the  country'.  22.  Band. 


I  G 

II  B  1 

III  D 
III  C 
III  H 
IV 


c   (3) 


23. 

25. 


-  5  - 

Dziennlk  Zwiazko^vy,   June  24,   1918. 

lien's  division 
The  iiieverend  Jose"oh  Barzynski  Citizens  Club.     24. 


POLISH 


iii 


en's  societies. 


Parishioners.      26.     i-olish  Kationai  Alliance  groups.      27.      Council 
41,   Polish  national  .illiance,   with  the  vice-president,   F.  Porucznik,   and 
the  P. II. A.,      director,   F.   I.owak. 
.-vUtomobiles  brou£;ht  up  the  rear. 

After  foming  as  above,  the  parade  moved  along  the  follo\ri.ng  route:     Webster  to 
Lincoln,   Lincoln  to  V/abansia,   V/abansia  to  Hoyne,  Hoyne  to  iiimtage,   ^xn:iitage  to 
Liilwaulcee,   :.H?;aui:ee  to  i,japlev/ood,   Liaplewood  to  Logan  Boulevar^l,  Logan  Boulevard 
to  Fullerton,  j'ullerton  to  Leavitt,   ^.eavitt  to  Franlcfort,  .j'rankfort  to  Hobey, 
Hobey  to  V/ebster  and  to  the  parish  hall  at  liairdlton  .-id  Lyndale  Jtreets. 


T3 
O 

Co 
en 


Upon  arrival  at  the  hall,  v;hich  was  too  siriall  to  hold  all  of  the  peoj^le  who  par- 
ticipated in  the  parade,  the  prograia  of  the  manifestation  was  concluded  as  follows: 
To  begin  with,  the  xieverend  Jolm   Cbyrtacz,  pastor  of  5t.  Hedv;ig's  Parish,  gave  the 
invocation,  and  then  called  upon  J.  ..:•  howicki  to  preside  and  Ignace  './roblewski 


I  G 

II  B  1  c  ( 

III  D 
III  C 

III  II 
lY 


1-7  ^ 


-  5  - 


Dziennik  ^wiazkovr/.  June  24.  1913 


^^LISH 


to  act  as  secretar^^.  The  local  parish  choir  then  sane  "^^i©  American 
national  anthen,  "The  Star-Spangled  i:>anner,"  under  the  direction  of 


the  local  orcanis 


lede.T.an,  after  v/hich  the  children's  choir 


sang,   "Ilari;,  'Tis  the  Signal 


V 


Captain  ICLeczkov;sl:i  of  the  Polish  ..ilitariv'  Conraission  in  i^'rance  then  spoke. 
He  spoke  ver^/  v;ell,  as  usual,  and  there  is  no  doubt  that  his  v/ord.^-  reached  the 
hearts  of  all  those  present,  the  best  proof  of  v/hich  was  the  unending  applause. 
The  parish  choir  then  san£  "Flag  of  Cur  Country,''  after  which  followed  an 
address  by  liajor  J.   Barzynski  of  the  iVierican  /oiiy. 

The  school  childi*en  followed  with  the  presentation  of  a  Red  Cross  exhibition. 
It  was  an  exhibition  such  as  one  rarely  sees^   and  the  nuns  deserve  credit  for 
having  schooled  the  children  so  well.  Tae   recitations  and  the  songs  of  the 
children  proved  to  be  equally  fine,  even  extraordinarily  fine.  It  can  defin- 
itely be  said  that  for  children  it  was  a  rare  performance.  ±he   two  tableaux 
fonaed  by  the  children  were  also  splendidly  executed.  They  presented  the  sick 


JO 

CD 


CO 
1 


I  g  -  7  -  POLISH 

II  B  1  c  (3) 

III  D 
III  C 

III  H    and  v/ounded  soldiers  to  whoia  the  doctors  aiid  nurses  of  the  Red   Cross 

IV  carry  aid  and  hope. 


Dziennik  ZvJiazI:OY.y,  June  24,  1918. 


Edward  J.  Litsinger,  a  member  of  the  Board  of  i^eviev;,  then  spoke.  He  was  fol- 
lowed by  Thojfias  Orzada,  who  played  a  violin  solo  very  v;ell.  He  in  turn  was 
follovjed  by  the  parish  choir  singing  "Pod  Sztandary"  (Beneath  the  Banners). 
Then  Clayton  Smith,  City  Treasurer,  J.  Haas,  Recorder  of  Deeds,  Alderman  LSax 
Adamowski,  and  Alderman  Harry  Littler  each  delivered  a  five-minute  speech. 

A  Polish  national  dance,  '*Bialy  Llazur"  (\/hite  iJazur) ,  was  performed  by  the 
girls  of  the  eighth  grade,  and  at  its  conclusion,  the  prograin  v;as  brouglit  to 
an  end  with  the  singing  of  "Boze  Cos  Polske"  (God  Save  Poland). 


O 


CD 

ho 


All  those  7riio  were  present  at  the  manifestation  went  home  v/ith  the  greatest 
faith  in  the  future  and  in  the  final  victory  that  will  crush  the  G-ermans  com- 
pletely and  bring  about  the  restoration  of  a  \inited,  free,  ^..id  independent 
Poland  with  aji  outlet  to  the  sea. 


POLISH 


Dzlennik  Zwiazkowy,   June  22,  1918. 


ABOUT  TEE  NET^V  SLAVIC  ARMT 


(Editorial) 


At  present,  one  of  the  most  important  acts  in  the  historical  drama  not  only 
of  the  Polish  cause  but  of  all  the  Slavic  nations  is  being  enacted  in  Washing- 
ton. The  Allies  have  come  to  the  conclusion  that  if  Russians  place  is  not 
taken  by  some  other  Slavic  nation  with  sufficient  strength — moreover,  by  a 
civilized  nation  inimical  to  Germany — then  the  Germans  will,  with  the  assistance 
of  already  helpless  Russia,  gain  control  over  the  whole  world.  The  Germans  can 
draw  upon  such  Immense  resources  from  Russia,  both  in  men  and  material,  that 
the  Allies  will  not  be  able  to  withstand  the  pressure  on  the  V/estern  front* 

And  the  situation  is  already  so  dangerous  that  the  Germans  will,  in  a  relatively 
short  time,  have  at  their  command  millions  of  young  Russians.  It  is  rumored 
that  they  have  already  gone  so  far  as  to  have  recruited  several  hundred  thousand 


I  G 
III  H 


-  2  - 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy>  June  22,  1918 • 


POLISH 


Russians  into  their  armies.  It  is  high  time  to  take  a  decisive  step  and  to 
answer  the  despairing  Russian  cries  for  intervention,  as  quickly  as  possible. 

However,  neither  France,  nor  England,  nor  Italy  have  the  means  with  which  to 
resume  activity  on  the  Eastern  front.  In  addition,  Allied  intervention  in 
Russia  must  be  of  such  a  character  as  not  to  offend  Russia  and  thus  give  the 
Germans  easy  grounds  for  stirring  up  all  of  Russia  against  the  Allies*  Thus, 
hated  Japeui  cannot  intervene— even  Frenchmen  and  Englishmen  would  not  be 
favorably  received  by  the  completely  misled  Russians.  Only  those  ^diose 
interests  are  bound  up  with  the  Eastern  question  can  intervene,  or  nations 
racially  related  to  the  Russians — the  Slavs,  for  example,  among  whom  the  Poles 
are  the  leading  group. 

In  consideration  of  the  fact  that  neither  Fiance,  England,  nor  Italy  have  the 
means  for  intervention  in  Russia,  the  United  States  alone  can  accomplish  it. 
The  United  States  alone  cein  support  such  an  action  not  only  financially,  but 


^ 
"j 


I  G 
III  H 


-  3  - 


Dzlennik  Zwiazkowy,  June  22,  1918, 


POLISH 


by  placing  a  powerful  and  truly  Slavic  army  in  the  field. 


The  United  States  has  something  to  proceed  on,  for  there  is  already  a  Polish 
army  of  more  than  a  hundred  thousand  men  in  Russia.  And  since  there  is  also 
a  considerable  Czecho-Slovakian  contingent,  it  will  be  sufficient  to  provide 
a  half -million  men  and  enough  arms  and  ammunition.  About  this  army  will  be 
grouped  a  great  number  of  Polish  troops  scattered  throughout  Russia,  and  so 
many  Russians  \idio  wish  to  save  their  country  will  unite  with  it  that  an  acrra^ 
of  not  one,  but  two  million  men  will  arise  to  bar  the  road  to  German  ex- 
ploitation of  Russia,  and,  in  addition,  offer  a  serious  threat  to  German 
supremacy  in  the  East.  Only  then  can  the  victory  of  the  Allies  be  complete 
and  decisive. 


•T3 


As  we  have  already  said,  the  United  States  has  the  means  with  which  to  intervene 
in  Russia.  Of  all  the  Allies,  only  the  United  States  has  a  Slavic  population 
of  many  millions,  from  which  a  Slavic  expeditionary  force  could  be  recruited. 


I  G 
III  H 


-  4  - 


Dzlennlk  Zwiazkowy,  June  22,  19 18* 


POLISH 


There  are  four  million  Poles  alone  in  the  United  States,  and  about  three 
million  other  Slavic  peoples.  And  so  there  is  something  to  draw  upon. 
Moreover,  considering  that  such  an  expeditionary  force  would  act  primarily 
in  Polish  interests,  that  the  Poles  are  the  largest  Slavic  group  here,  and  that 
the  Polish  nation  is  already  at  war  with  Germany,  having  an  army  of  its  own  on 
the  V/estern  front,  the  Poles  would  comprise  the  majority  in  this  Slavic  army 
and  would  give  the  array  its  tone  and  character.  The  Poles  then,  with  the  help 
of  the  United  States,  would  become  the  saviors  not  only  of  their  own  homeland 
but  of  all  the  Slavic  peoples,  and  Poland  could  take  its  place  as  the  eastern 
member  of  the  Allied  family,  replacing  Russia,  which  has  shovm  itself  incapable 
of  existence  as  a  state. 

And  again  Poland  comes  to  the  fore.  The  government  in  Washington  has  under- 
stood Poland's  enormous  significance  in  this  war  and  is  turning  toward  her. 
And  if  any  doubts  should  still  persist  as  to  the  sincerity  of  the  Allies,  then 
with  the  formation  of  a  Slavic  army,  which  must  happen  very  shortly  now,  these 
last  doubts  would  vanish.  Were  he  living  today,  Wyspianski  would  cry  still 
louder  that  Poland  is  a  great  force. 


VJ 


O' 


C-3 

an 


I  Q 
IV 


POLISH 


Dzlennik  Zwlazkowy>  June  20,  1918 • 


UNITED  STATES  GOVERNMENT  INVESTIGATES  K.  0.  N*  ^OMITET 
OBRONY  NARODOWY:  NATIONAL  DEFENSE  COMMITTHB/ 
Telegram  to  polish/  National  Department 


Washington,  D.  C.,  June  18,  1918*   ^ 


Henry  Setmajer, 

1309  North  Ashland  Avenue, 

Chicago,  Illinois. 

After  weeks  of  painstaking  and  searching  investigation  of  the  activities  of  the 
K.  0.  N#  and  the  principal  leaders  of  that  organization,  the  Military 
Intelligence  Branch  of  the  General  Staff  of  the  United  States  Army  has  foimally 
advised  the  leaders  to  disband  the  organization  immediately,  or  else  to  adopt 
resolutions  in  favor  of,  and  to  assist  in  the  recruiting  of  the  Polish  Amy. 
A  notification  of  this  decision  has  been  sent  to  the  attorney  who  appeared  at 
Washington  to  defend  the  organization. 


I  G 
IV 


"  2  -^ 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,   June  20,   1918, 


POLISH 


The  officers  of  the  Military  Intelligence  Branch  of  the  General  Staff  of  the 
United  States  Army,  as  a  result  of  their  investigations,  have  ruled  that  the 
organization  is  at  least  anti-Ally,  and  furthermore,  that  it  has  been  doing 
work  which  substantially  amounted  to  pro-German  propaganda.   It  also 
established  that,  prior  to  the  entry  of  the  United  States  into  the  war,  the 
organization  was  pro-Genoan.  Warning  is  also  issued  that  the  Governiaent  will 
not  be  trifled  with,  and  that  efforts  to  obstruct  Polish  Array  recruiting  and 
other  Allied  war  aims  will  be  promptly  and  vigorously  dealt  with. 

The  investigation,  which  has  been  in  progress  for  some  time,  was  climaxed  when 
K,  0.  N.  leaders  from  New  York  appeared  with  counsel  before  the  Intelligence 
Blanch  in  V/ashington.  The  examination  lasted  for  two  hours,  and  the  finding 
given  above  was  the  result.  The  United  States  officers  reached  their  de- 
cision because  of  the  anti-Allied  attitude  of  these  leaders  as  disclosed  dur- 
ing the  cross-examination,  and  because  of  the  character  of  the  resolutions 
adopted  at  the  K.  0.  N.  convention  in  Philadelphia  in  l/Iay,  at  which  allegiance 


r 

c  ■ 


I  G 
IV 


-  3  - 


Dziennlk  Zwlazkowy,  June  20,  1918. 


POLISH 


was  pledged  to  the  Council  of  Regency  in  Poland,  and  because  of  their  central 
opposition  to  the  recruiting  of  the  Polish  Array. 

The  United  States  officers  held  that,  in  as  much  as  the  Versailles  Allied 
Declaration  in  favor  of  Poland  made  the  Polish  cause  an  Allied  war  aim,  and 
in  as  much  as  the  Polish  Army  opened  a  way  to  mobilize  man  power  which  would 
not  otherwise  be  available,  the  opposition  activities  of  these  gentlemen  were 
close  to  seditious  and  must  be  stopped*  In  the  course  of  the  examination ^ 
the  letter  from  Secretary  of  War  Baker  to  the  Polish  Associated  Press  endorsing 
the  Polish  Army  was  of  large  effect. 

Before  the  close  of  the  hearing,  the  attorney,  ^o  was  accompanied  by  the 
three  men  from  New  York,  agreed  with  the  conclusions  of  the  military  officers 
and  80  expressed  himself •  The  issue  which  has  been  laid  down  is,  in  brief, 
that  the  K.  0.  N.  must  reverse  itself  and  support  the  Polish  Aimy,  or  disband. 


O 

« 

?   •> 


James.  C.  Y/hite. 


I  G 
III  H 
IV 


POLISH 


Dzlennlk  Zwlezkowy,  June  19,  1918 • 


POLISH  VOLUNTSERS  lEAV:^  FOR  TRAINH^G  CAMP 

Chicago  again  sent  a  hundred  volunteers  to  the  Polish  Army  training  camp  at 
Niagaira-on-the-Lake  yesterday—soldiers,  v4io  after  being  adequately  trained 
will  go  to  France  to  avenge  all  the  wrongs  done  not  only  to  Poland  but  to  all 
humanity.  . 

Even  before  nine  o* clock  in  the  morning,  volunteers  from  all  parts  of  the 
Northwest  Side  had  begun  to  arrive  at  the  recruiting  headquarters  at  Milwaukee 
Avenue  and  Augusta  Street  with  their  families,  friends,  or  recruiting  sergeants. 
Volunteers  from  the  South  Side  gathered  at  Pulaski  Hall,  18th  Street  and 
Ashland  Avenue,  under  the  leadership  of  their  recruiting  sergeants.  Shortly 
before  ten  o'clock  the  volunteers  boarded  streetcars  and  rode  to  18th  Street 
and  South  Robey,  where  they  were  Joined  by  the  Southside  volunteers.  Hie 
entire  group  then  went  on  to  St.  Anne's  Church  on  18th  and  South  Leavitt 
Streets. 


jv> 


I  G 
III  H 
IV 


-  2  - 


Dzlennik  Zwiazkowy^  June  19,  1918. 


POLISH 


Upon  eurrival  at  St»  Anne's  Church  and  after  Captain  Kleczkowskl  and  other 
officers  had  teUcen  their  places,  the  Reverend  John  Ifencikowski,  vicar  of 
St.  Anne's  Church ,  celebrated  mass;  he  was  assisted  by  the  Reverends  Stanislaus 
Child  as  deacon  and  Aloysius  Szczerkowski  as  subdeacon.  The  sermon  was  delivered 
by  the  Reverend  Casimir  Slominskii  pastor  of  St.  Aime*s  Parish.  In  his  long  and 
beautiful  sermon  the  Reverend  Slominski  spoke  of  how  we  should  love  our  mother- 
land, which  has  given  us  everything,  and  of  how  we,  as  faithful  sons  of  Poland, 
shoxild  rescue  her  from  the  clutches  of  the  Prussians.  In  conclusion,  Father 
Slominski  bade  farewell  to  the  volunteers  with  the  words,  ''Till  we  meet  again," 
firm  in  the  belief  that  they  will  crush  the  enemy  and,  return  to  their  homes 
soon.  He  then  gave  the  volunteers  his  benediction. 

The  local  St.  Cecilia  Choir,  led  by  the  parish  organist  S.  Bystrzsrnski ,  sang 
beautifully  during  the  course  of  the  services.  The  solo  parts  were  sung  by. 
Hiss  Z.  Bystrzynski. 

When  the  ceremony  in  church  was  concluded,  the  volunteers,  the  citizens 


I  G 


-  3  - 


POLISH 


Dzlennlk  Zwiazkowy^  June  19,  1918. 

coramittee,  the  priests  and  officers,  and  the  friends  and  relatives  of  the 
volunteers  went  to  the  large  and  beautifully  decorated  Chopin  Hall,  on  19th 
and  Leavitt  Streets,  where  the  local  citizens  committee  had  prepared  an  ample 
dinner. 

At  Chopin  Hall 

When  everyone  was  seated  at  the  amply  supplied  tables,  the  Kipkowski  Brothers 
orchestra  took  its  place  on  the  platform  and  entertained  the  volunteers  with 
music.  Before  the  dinner  began,  Miss  Z.  Zientek,  daughter  of  the  president 
of  the  local  citizens  committee,  sang  ••The  Star-Spangled  Banner*^  very  beauti- 
fully; she  was  accompanied  on  the  piano  by  Uiss  Wanda  TJrbanski.  The  Reverend 
Chiia  then  said  the  prayer.  The  food  for  the  banquet  was  prepared  by  the  wives 
of  local  citizens. 


At  the  main  table  we  noticed  the  Reverends  Child.  Mencikowski  and  Szczekowski; 


I  G 
III  H 
IV 


-  4  - 


POLISH 


Dzlennlk  Zwlazkoiwy^  June  19,  1918 


Captain  P.  Kleczkowski;  Inspector  John  Przyprawa;  Leon  Nowak,  secretary  of  the 
citizens  committee;  Miss  Helene  Wolf  and  Miss  S.  Jaworski,  secretaries  at 
Recruiting  Center  II;  recruiting  officer  Roskosz;  Lieutenants  Edward  Jerchen  and 
A^Chmielewski;  Polish  Army  organizer  W.  Rozycki;  recruiting  sergeants  J» 
Juszczak,  S.  Deplewski,  and  J.  Kozminski;  the  local  citizens  committee, •••; 
the  representatives  of  the  press:  Gorzynski  for  Dziennik  Chicagoski,  Hinca  for 
Dziennik  Narodowy,  and  W.  Skwarzinski  for  Dziennik  Zwiazkoiyy^ 

The  first  after-dinner  address  was  delivered  by  Joseph  Zientek,  president  of 
the  local  citizens  committee*  He  greeted  the  volunteers  and  guests  on  behalf 
of  St.  Anne's  Parish  and  named  as  toastmaster  the  Reverend  Stanislaus  Child, 
Chaplain  of  the  loca.l  citizens  committee.  The   toastmaster  delivered  a  rather 
long  patriotic  address  in  which  he  urged  the  volunteers  to  persevere  in  the 
fight  against  the  base  Prussians* 


The  Reverend  Mencikowski  spoke  next  in  the  name  of  St*  Anne's  Parish  and  the 


I  G 
III  H 
IV 


-  5  - 


Dzlennlk  Zwlazkowy,  June  19,  1918. 


POLISH 


Reverend  Pastor  Slominski,  who  was  not  able  to  be  present.  The  speaker  called 
upon  everyone  to  enlist  in  the  Polish  Army  out  of  love  for  Poland.  In  con- 
cluding his  beautiful  address,  he  wished  the  volunteers  the  best  of  luck  and  a 
safe  return.  During  the  course  of  his  speech,  Paul  Gardino,  a  volunteer  in 
the  Polish  Army,  placed  twenty  dollars  in  the  hands  of  the  toastmaster,  for 
vrtiich  contribution  the  gathering  rewarded  him  with  thunderous  applause.  At 
the  conclusion  of  the  Reverend  Mencikowski's  address,  the  toastmaster  called 
upon  S.  !I^akowski,  young  and  able  worker  in  the  nationalistic  field,  to  per- 
form the  duties  of  secretary  at  this  occasion,  after  which  he  asked  Captain  P# 
Kleczkowski  of  the  Polish  Army  to  speak.  The  Captain  spoke  with  his  usual 
vigor,  not  as  an  officer  to  subordinates  but  as  a  Pole  to  his  fellow  Poles. 
In  his  speech,  he  recalled  a  few  historical  facts  from  the  Polish  insurrection 
of  1863,  when  our  fathers  tried  to  free  our  homeland  from  the  hands  of  her 
enemies.  Later,  ¥dien  the  insurrection  was  crushed,  the  Russian  government 
took  its  revenge, hanging  and  executing  the  heroes  and  exiling  thOT  to  Siberia. 
"I  am  the  son  of  an  exile, *♦  said  the  Captain,  ''and  so  the  blood  in  my  veins 


t: 


O 


I  G 
III  H 
IV 


-  6  - 


POLISH 


Dzlennlk  Zwlazkowy^  June  19,  1918. 


is  Polish.  I  am  willing  to  give  every  drop  of  it  for  Poland. *♦  The  speaker 
concluded  by  giving  the  volunteers  instructions  on  how  they  are  to  conduct 
themselves  in  camp  and  on  the  field  of  battle  in  France  in  order  to  bring 
honor  to  the  Polish  name.  He  finished  his  address  with  the  cheer:  ''Long  live 
the  Polish  Army!**  Warm  applause  followed,  and  the  volunteers  repeated  the 
cheer  three  times. 


One  could  see  more  than  one  tearful  eye  during  the  course  of  the  Captain's 
fraternal  address.  After  he  had  finished,  volunteer  Ignace  Migdalski  appeared 
with  a  violin,  and  Walter  Lawdanski  with  an  accordian  of  enormous  proportions. 
They  played  a  few  numbers,  among  them  the  Polish  national  anthem  and  the 
'•Marseillaise". 


The  last  man  to  speak  was  J.  Przjrprawa,  inspector  for  the  Polish  A3rmy,  who 
for  lack  of  time  only  gave  the  volunteers  a  few  instructions.  He  then  in- 
troduced Lieutenants  E*  Jerchen  and  A«  Chmielewicz,  under  whose  command  they 


I  G 
III  H 
IV 


-  7  - 


Dzlennlk  Zwiazkowy^  June  19,  1918 • 


POLISH 


will  entrain  for  Camp  Kosciuszko.  Przjrprawa  then  thanked  the  local  citizens 
committee,  the  clergy,  and  the  women  of  the  parish  for  the  splendid  banquet 
they  had  prepared  for  the  volunteers. 

After  necessary  formalities  had  been  attended  to  by  the  officers,  and  a  photo- 
graph of  the  volunteers  had  been  taken  by  the  well-known  photographer  W.Rozanski, 
ranks  were  formed  and  the  parade  marched  through  the  streets  of  St#  Anne^s  and 
St.  Adalbert's  Parishes  for  almost  an  hour  and  a  half. 

Ttie  Parade 


7 

-J 


At  the  head  of  the  parade  marched  chief  recruiting  officer  Roskosz  followed 
by  the  standard-bearers  carrying  the  Polish  and  American  flags.  They  were 
followed  by  the  citizens  committee,  led  by  L.  Nowak  and  J.  Zientek;  the 
Reverends  Child  and  Mencikowski;  the  representatives  of  the  press;  and  the 
Kipkowski  Brothers  orchestra.  Then  came  the  officers  of  the  Polish  Army— 

J.  Przyprawa,  S.  Krzywonos,  X.  Jerchen,  and  A.  Chmielevricz — and  the  volunteers. 


I  G 
III  H 
IV 


-  8  - 


Dzlennik  Zwiazkowy^  June  19,  1918. 


POLISH 


Families  of  the  volunteers  and  friends  brought  up  the  rear,  while  along  the 
sidewalks  there  moved  hundreds  of  children  and  adults. 

The  parade  started  at  Chopin  Hall  and  moved  along  the  following  route:  Leavitt 
Street  to  18th,  18th  to  Robey,  Robey  to  17th,  17th  to  Ashland,  Ashland  back  to 
18th,  18th  to  Robey,  Robey  to  18th  Place,  18th  Place  to  Western,  Western  to 
19th,  19th  to  Laflin,  Laflin  to  21st  Place,  21st  Place  to  Blue  Island,  and 
Blue  Island  to  22nd  and  Ashland,  where  chartered  street  cars  were  waiting  to 
take  the  volunteers  to  the  railroad  station  at  Dearborn  and  Polk. 


On  arrival  at  the  railroad  station,  the  volunteers  said  their  final  farewells 
to  their  families  and  friends,  and  boarded  the  train  while  the  orchestra  played 
a  few  selections.  Soon  the  train  started,  carrying  with  it  these  able  sons  of 
Poland  who  have  gone  to  fight  for  our  homeland's  freedom  and  to  avenge  the 
wrongs  that  the  base  Germans  have  done  Poland,  to  return  later  as  heroes  covered 
with  glory. 


I  G 
III  H 
IV 


-  9  - 


Dzlennlk  Zwiazkowy,  June  19,  1918 


POLISH 


Go,  and  do  not  forget  that  you  are  Polish  soldiers.  Fight  the  base  Pmssianl 
And  ¥ihen  you  have  cut  off  the  Prussian  hydra^s  heed,  go  on  to  Poland  and  plant 
the  white-eagled  standard  on  the  walls  of  Warsaw,  Po2aian,  Krakow,  and  Danzig* 

In  conclusion,  it  must  be  added  that  St»  Annexe  Parish  aroused  the  admiration 
of  everyone  who  attended  the  reception.  Thanks  are  due  to  the  local  citizens 
committee,... ,and  to  the  women  who  prepared  the  delicious  dinner..... 

Long  live  St.  Anne's  Parishl 


I  Q 
III  H 


POLISH 


Dzlennllc  Zwlazkowy,  June  15 >  1918, 


RSASQN3  FOR  THE  I>iECESSITY  OF  PAYING  A  ^OLia^  NATIONAL  TAX 

(iditorial) 


During  the  last  few  weeks,  the  Polish  clergy  of  Chicago,  the  citizens,  and 
numerous  members  of  Polish  parishes  have  shown  a  great  political  maturity  on 
the  one  hand  and  a  real  sense  of  duty  to  Poland  on  the  other*  The  idea  was 
that  the  heart  of  American  Polonia — Chicago-- should  begin  a  great  new  move- 
ment, the  one  hope  of  the  Polish  cause:  a  general  Polish  national  tax  levy, 

collected  regularly  every  month  not  only  by  all  organizations  but  in  all 
parishes*  Chicago  has  fulfilled  this  task  and  a  regular  monthly  tax  is  flow- 
ing in  from  forty  Polish  parishes  in  Chicago  and  vicinity* 

It  is  a  well-known  fact,  which  has  given  new  luster  to  the  Polish  name,  that 
we  have  become  one  of  the  Allies,  as  was  confirmed  before  the  whole  world  at 
Versailles  on  June  3  by  the  Allied  High  Command  in  an  act  signed  by  the 


3a- 


O 
en 


I  G 
III  H 


-  2  ^ 


Dzlennlk  2>riazkowy>  June  15,  1918 


POLISH 


premiers  of  the  Allied  nations  setting  forth  that  one  of  the  conditions  for 
peace  is  the  creation  of  a  free,  independent,  and  united  Poland  with  an  out- 
let  to  the  sea.  The  Allies  were  compelled  to  make  this  declaration  by  the 
Polish  Army  in  France,  which  today  is  already  on  the  battle  front •  Thus  we 
have  accomplished  the  cardinal  purpose  of  our  co-operation  with  the  Allies* 


It  is  still  a  long  way,  however,  to  the  end  of  the  war  and  to  the  coming  peace 
conference*  The  Geimans,  unable  to  save  themselves  by  force  of  arms,  will  use 
every  means  at  their  disposal  to  take  away  land  from  Poland  by  treachery,  by 
discrediting  the  Polish  cause  with  the  Allies  so  that  the  latter  will  support 
Poland  only  partially*  The  Germans  know  how  to  persevere,  and  in  cases  such 
as  this  they  will  spare  no  effort;  they  will  mobilize  all  of  their  writers, 
diplomats,  and  historians  to  prove  to  the  world  that  the  Polish  demands  are 
unjust  and  that  they  are  burdensome,  costly,  and  of  no  benefit  to  the  Allies* 


no 

o 

CO 

cr 


The  closer  the  Germans  come  to  final  defeat  on  the  field  of  battle,  the  greater 


I  G 
III  H 


-  3  • 


Dzlennlk  ariLazkowy^  June  15,  1918 • 


POLISH 


will  be  their  Machiavellian  campaign  against  the  Poles.  People  are  only  human. 
If  there  is  a  mass  of  proof »  arguments ,  and  conclusions  on  one  side,  while 
there  is  complete  silence  on  the  other— if  the  lies  and  misinterpretations  are 
not  disproved  by  fact—then  even  those  most  favorably  disposed  toward  our  cause 
will  weaken  and  will  agree  to  a  partial  settlement  of  our  demands,  which  will 
signify  defeat  for  us  and  victory  for  the  Germans* 

We  must  answer  the  German  campaign  with  a  campaign  of  our  own,  conducted  through 
the  newspapers  of  all  of  the  Allied  countries.  We  must  organize  a  strong  in- 
fluence in  diplomatic  circles,  so  that  we  will  have  agents  and  defenders  every- 
where. We  must  continue  to  build  our  Polish  Array,  so  that  in  case  of  Allied 
intervention  in  Russia,  we  can  send  a  million  men  there.  We  must  act  both  in 
Eastern  and  Western  Burope,  we  must  attack  the  German  strongholds,  while  here 
in  the  United  States  we  must  support  the  movement  the  leader  of  which  is  the 
great  President  Wilson  himself. 


no 
O 
GO 


In  order  to  do  this,  we  need  money,  a  great  amount  of  money.  We  need  money  not 


I  G 
III  H 


-  4  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  June  15,  1918 • 


for  just  one  or  two  years  but  for  many  years,  in  order  to  keep  victory  in  our 
hands •  The  Allies  will  help  us  support  the  Polish  Army  in  the  field,  but  they 
will  not  give  us  money  for  political  activity.  For  this  we  must  have  a  steady 
supply  from  among  ourselves,  and  we  can  only  secure  this  supply  by  paying  a 
regular,  generaJL  national  tax© 


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If 


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.-^lerican  society  already  hac   too  ...any  Go-culled  unifor::ed  ciackers. 


v-^.Ui.lG-.   — 


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:;:a.:e  a  rine  ijoiai-:r,    an  Oi?xicer*s 


ccroaiii  ar.iouiiL  oy  ^^oiiticai  ira'luencc  finds 
:;].o   is  v;ell  fed  und  \;ell   built   and  v;ould 
wit-.  -Glo  -^..crican  aivr''  or  navy,     .uid 


■JUoi: 


4- 


his  stron::,  healthy,  v:ell-:Drovidoc  youn:;  ..an  parades  t -ror.{^.  the  streets  of 
.L.ericai:  cities  in  the  iriifor..!  of  an  officer,  drav;s  a  salary,  enjoys  hinself, 
and  does  njthinc,  si..ce  no  is  not  cualificd  -^c::   any  r^cal  ai-:y  v;orh.   fhcre  arc 
no;v  thousands  of  such  officer  parasites  connected  v;lth  various  coia.iissions  and 
departL.ents  v;ho  coul(-  r.o   to  ^'rancc,  since  the  v;orh  they  do  could  be  done  by 
any  teen-ace  cirl.  ^jid  z':,oy   are  so  surc3  o±   th.i...solvos ,  so  arro::a..t  beeau.i:e  of 
the  influence  jacnin/:  t-.c  ,  that  z.iey   sneer  r;uietly  oj.iony  the.:iselvcs  at  those 
v:ho  have  rone  or  v;ill  ^o  to  t  .o  latalofront  in  hluro'^^e. 


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xju.O-^ 


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-:i:r.erican  socict;-  tolerioeu  tl.ese  uiiiforMed  dandies  for  a  ionr;  tii:ie«     i:lnall7, 
however,   Con;;re33:.:cin  ..artiii  3,   ..addo-i  of  Jliica.;^o   introduced  a  resolution  that 
-Tdlitar-/  ofricoG  be  cleared  of  ;;onn_:  oixicerG   ca;)able  of  active  sei^/ico. 
Confusion  arose  aiiion^^  the  parasites,    since,    as   a  result  of  tiiis   resolution, 
a  chechup  bc^an  oT  tiie  ofi'icer  strciicth  in  the  ofrices  of  all  ar:;^'  depart:;:ent3 


:u* 


Tlie  sa":e  tnin,^  7;iiich  has  happened  in  -riT.ierican  amy  circles  nas  happened,    on  a 
lauch  SLialler  scale,    in  our  own  lolisli  an.:y.      Our  aray  too  has  accuriulated  its 
"uniforr.'ied  slachcrs'',    sarcastically  referred  to  hy  soi.ie  as   "blue  ,';;enerals  with 
caiies."     Vie  do  not  refer  here  to  officials  or  recraitin^  officers  who  really 
v;orh  unceasincly,   v;ho  stay  here  only  because  they  .lUst,  who,   although  tliey 
are  .iiore  thaii  anxious  lo  ro  to  Prance,   are  held  nere  on  or^^ers  of  tne  Lilitar^' 
Jorjnision  because  they  are  effective  agitators  or  {^ood  spea..ers.      But,   leaving 
these  :.ien  aside,   there  are  a  great  ...aiiy  real  parasices  who  have  not   orougiit 
in  a  sinr:;le  recrjiit — or  if  they  nave,    it  was  because  sonebody  else,    uihaiown 
and  unrewarded,   did  it  for  tiien.     .Jid  tnose  officer  parasites  strut  about, 
initiating  profitless  projects,    subjecting  tiie  j. eager  treasur-y  of  the  rolish 


M 


I  G 
III  II 


Dziennil^  ^via^koyy,    June 


A.i^ 


iin;:y  to  large  and  ucclecs  G:cpendii;ures.      ^J:xin::3   caiie  to  n  'point  v/liere 

I.ajor  .S)zlo\:3lzi^ 3  attention  v;as  turned  to  t.iis  aunor:.al  condition.      Dniennil^ 


l.arodovjy  v-ritos: 


"One 


of  the  rocruitinf,  officials  in  i:ev;  Jorl:  decided  to  create  a  'Oor^.'G  of 
rolish  ^^T.asons*.   ..e  sent  out  press  releases  and  v;ent  about  or^anizin^;  lis 
'Corps,'  even  v;or  ci  ic  out  a  set  of  byla;;s.   ICien  ...ajor  ..o::lox;sni,  Chief  of 
the  rolish  .  ilitary  Coi.uiissio..,  lear;ied  of  this,  he  abolished  the  'Polish 
^luiazons'  ?;ith  one  SLrone  of  jiis  pen  in  Lhc  follov/inr_'  sta^eL.ont: 

"'Order  to  all  recruiting  v;or::ers:   I  prohibit  any  recruiting  -jorkers  under 
the  jurisdiction  of  the  Polish  .  ilitar:,-^  Coix.iission  fro::  creating  any  new 
organizations,  women's  or   othenvise,  v;ithout  ny   approval  of  sw-sh   organizations 
I  prohibit  also  t^e  announcer.ent  of  unapproved  projects  in  the  press,  ^my 
rocr-aitin'*  officer  v;ho  acts  contrar/  to  this  order  v/ill  \jq   ir.r.ieciatel^^  sus- 
pended  and  dischar,';ed  fro.:  the  service. 


CD 
« «>. 


I  G 

III  :: 


/. 


Dzieimii:  J;:i'-S.:o\r- ,   Ju:ie 


191^^ 


v-> 


"*Tl'ie  announcer.eiio  in  ..ev;  Yor^:  or    ^l.e  or;":a:ii3ation  of  an  -rvMai^on  Corps  v;a3 
i.iadG  durinc  :-iy  aocence  a::d  v:ithout  icy  ^iiiov/lodGC.     A:inou.ice:..G:'itG  v;liicli  were 


publislied  in  tlie  Bulletin  and  in  otliei'  rolis;i  nev;upapers  should  be  disre- 


'M  T 


i^ajor  c! .   aLoz±ov:s.:i,    ..■ane  l;,   i';^±o. 


!   t» 


Daiennik  i'arodov.y,    in  publir/.i::^  the  above  statenent,    severely  criticized 
the  recraitin;;  oificers  on  its  ovni  acco^xit,    clair.iin:-:  that  they  are  only 
recruiting  '^/orkers  and  not  actual  officers,     'fhe  Matiser  v.-as  also  taken  up 
by  Dzieiuiik  Ghicaf^oski,  v;hich  r;rooe  in  ...onday's  issue: 

"3atur«-ay's  Jzieiniik  harodo>r',    in  pui^lisliin^:     l.ajor  .^ozlovjshi's  state:.:ent, 
auded  o:i  its  ov;n  account  a  short  note  e::prossinr,   uhe  i^ope  that  ...ajor  hozlov/shi 
vjill   r^ive  his  attention  to   clea::*in7   up  conditions   a::0:,3  recr-aitin^  v/or.cors. 
;.'e  too   are  of  tliis  opinio'.,    ziml  v;c  a,;reo  v;iti.  t^io   opinion,   :..orc  and  r.iore 
r.'idely  expressed,    t.iat  tiie  iiet.iOds  mid  tlie  cojitrol  of  recrviitin:;  -/orners  are 


TO 

V— - 

CO 


I  G 

'lll 


Dzienni'i 


a 


'  > 


P0LI3I1 


Jui: 


e 


in  need  of   rer.ulatiori;    recruiLin,:;  Oj'ricer:i   should  be  cclcctcd  or.iv  fron  ajrioii;]^ 
::ien  v:itli  irreproachable  recorus.     .Xtcr  t.io  enerr^etic  action  of  Ixijor  ilozio7;3hi 
in  one  instance,   v:e  looh  i'orcvurd  to  furtner  action  on  nis  ijart,   lonr;  av/aited 
becauGO   it   is   necessaiy." 


Without  r.oi^C  iiito  Dziennih  Chica^^os.ii*  3   de:.:ands,   vie  Mention  i.crely  that   reor- 
Canization  is  the  laore  necossar:,'  i.^  that  t.ie  rolish  .u^i-iy  in  j'rance  is   suff erin.i^ 
fron  a  real  lach  of  officers.     Ii 
here  in  the  United  States   actually  doi..-^  nothii 


tne  ::eanti:..e,   ti.ere  are  a  great  !::any  of  the:.. 


O 


since  they  are  neither  spear:ers jj^'.-:; 


nur  or;:anize 


X  o 


nor  ;-ood  office 


".vorhers,    vvaiie  ^liei'  could  be  of  ,";oo 


J. 


,-r»   ,^, 


d  use  in  tho 


army,  he  feel  that  it  is  hi.hi  ti:.:e  that  the  younn,  strong  i^ien,  especially  those 
•.7ith  ::i]itaiy  experience,  be  3e:it  to  i^'rance,  i/hile  the  recruiting  ivorh  here  be 
carried  on  'oy   those  v;ho  ao  not  cualifv  for  active  service  eitho 


r  physically  o; 


perhaps  for  family  reasons,  Tor  there  have  accuiaulated  ai.iong  us,  as  a:.:on£;  the 
.'viericans,  too  ..any  "uniforned  slachers". 


I  a 

III 

II 

III 

r/ 

Dziennik  Z\rlazl:ovry ,   Juiie  11,  1918. 

DiLii^iHTuiE  OF  P0LI3II  ;ji.:r 

YOiJUWUdJ^zio  TO  T.uJ::.II:u  c^.p 


POLISH 


^mother  iaonday  lias  passed  and  local  Polouia  has  had  another  opportiinity 
to  v;itness  the  departure  or  volunteers  to  the  rolish  ^\jcny   training  camp 
at  lIian;ara-on-the-Lalce,  these  future  Polish  loiights  who  have  enlisted  in 
the  Polish  ^oriy  in  order  that,  when  the  proper  tine  arrives,  that  army 
vjill  be  large  enough  to  bo  a  real  help  in  the  final  crushing  of  German 
despotioiii,  if  it  cannot  do  it  alOiie. 


Tlie  vol'Onteers  began  to  gather  at  ..ecrui'oing  Center  II  with  their  recruit- 
ing officers  and  local  citi::ens  coruiittees  at  about  eight  o'clock  in  the 
Homing.  At  about  ten  o'clock,  after  certain  fonialities  had  been  taken 
care  of,  ^he  voluntecr.j,  the  recruiting  officers,  and  inspector  /^John/  Przy- 
prav/a  proceeded  to  .^t.  •Tohn  Gantius  Church,  Chicago  :^venue  c^nci   Carpenter 
otreet,  v/here  soleirai  Ilig^i  Liass  was  celebrated  and  the  soldiers  received  their 
blessing  for  a  successful  journey  to  victoiy. 


•  o 


I  G 
III  II 
III 


,'^^ 
^ 


rCLISH 


Dziennik  r^vjiazkovy,    June  11,   IS  18. 


In  Church 


Upon  arrival  at  Jt»  Jolin  Cantius  .^liurch,  ;vher3  services  have  already  been 
held  several  tii^iea  for  departin;:  volunteers,  the  -leverend  oiatka,  pastor, 
perfoi^ed  the  ceremony,  anc:  the  ..everend  ralenoki,  vicar,  delivered  a 


very 


heartfelt  serraon. 


•a 


Follov;inr;  the  church  cer.iony,    "ohe  voluntoe.'s  proceeded  to  the  parish  hall, 
where  tiie  v/oir.en  o,    the  parish  had  prepared  a  dimier  for  ther.i.     Dinner  v;as 
delayed  for  a  short  wiiile  in  order  to   -Iyq   .he  xolis}i  .^nny  ^and,   v;hich  had 
been  lolayinr  on  ounday  in  I.:Ll^;auhee,    tine  to  arrive,     ^veiyone  sat  down  to 
well-provided  tables  v;hen  tiie  ir.enbers  of  the  band  reached  the  hallo     ^^o  the 
Liain  table  sat  the  lieverends  j^ilipshi  and  Zulinshi,   :^s.  lu.  Llilev/ski,   director 
of  the  Polish  national  .^liance,    .u   i;x)walshi,    Joctor  Pietrzykov/ski,    J.   Jobota, 
;;.  iasie;;ic::,   .ddeman  Stanley  ..daj Jciewicz,   :..•   T^tajczyk,   Inspector  rrzyprawa, 
Lieutenant  P.oskosz,   Lieutant  Sulev/ski,   a:.d  others* 

At  tlie  conclusion  of  th,  dinner--,    -I'^e  neverend  jilij.ski,   as  toastnaster. 


-J 


I  ( 


n 


POLISIi 


Dzieimik  Zv/i-\zkov/y>    June  11,    1918. 


Ill  II 
III  Z 
TJ 

addressed  a  fev;  v;ords  to  the  volunteers  and  then  called  upon  ^klder- 
nan  .•^da.Tjziev/icz;  as  who  first  speaker.   In  his  address,  Adaiiilcievjics  encour- 
ar'^ed  the  volunteers  to  firht  tlie  Prussians  and  to  restore  a  free,  independent 
and  united  Iceland,  assuring::  then  that  Jhica.^o  lolonia  would  remenber  the 
able  sons  of  Poland  v;ho  co   forth  to  shed  their  blood  for  their  hoiaeland. 
Follovjing  Adainkiev;icz,  the  P.evercnd  iD^.iecik  spoke,  as  he  was  follov;ed  in  turn 
by  L'rs,  I.:ilev;ski,  v;ho  said  aiiionc  other  thinr.s: 

"'7e  are  biddinr.  you  farev;ell  with  this  feast  today,  but  ;je  will  give  you  a 
far  greater  feast  alitor  you  have  riarched  over  Gasman  bodies  through  Berlin 
to  our  Poland,  Poles  are  not  cowards;  vfaen    their  homeland  calls,  they  are 
ready  to  stand  in  her  defense,  and  if  it  ever  becoraes  necessaiy,  we  wonen 
wall  be  ready  to  take  up  arns." 

Other  speakers  v;ere  H«  ilow^alev/ski ,  Lieutenant  Julewski,  Dr.  Pietrzykowski, 
Inspector  Przyprawa,  and  Dr.  Kosik,  a  volunteer  who  v;ill  soon  leave  for  the 
training  canip.  The  banquet  ended  v;ith  the  singing  of  ^'3oze  Cos  Polske" 


I  G 
III  li 
III  C 
lY 


-     'x     — 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zv/iazkQv.y,   Juiic  11,    191S 


/Ood  Save  rolaii^. 


The  parish  priests  then  passed  out  iiedalions  to  the  volunteers  as  renen- 
brances,  v;hile  the  citizens  coiaiiittee  ::ave  them  cigars  and  cigarettes • 
There  xvero  plenty  of  these,  since  -ilderman  Adanlviev:icz  had  taken  up  a 
collection  for  this  purT)ose  aiaong  the  local  businessmen  and  parishionerso 
/List  of  contributors  omitted  in  translation^^  Tlianizs  are  due  all  of  these 
contributors,  to  the  local  clergy,  and  to  the  ivonen  v/ho  prepared  the  banquet. 


Parade  to  .ailroad  station 


After  certain  formalities  had  been  taken  care  of,  and  the  volunteers  had 
been  photographed  in  front  of  the  church  by  Hozanski,  Brothers,  photographers, 
the  volunteers  "fell  in"  and  para^.ed  to  the  Loop*  The  parade  stopped  in 
front  of  the  (Jity  Hall,  vmere,  on  a  motion  by  Adcimkievjicz,  the  City  Council 
had  recessed  for  a  fev;  minutes  in  order  to  see  our  able  volunteers  and  to 
hear  the  :usic  of  the  Polish  army  Band.  The  city's  alderman,  together  v;ith 


G 


-  b   - 


rCLI3II 


Dziennik  ^'.viazkorrr,    June  11,   IS  13. 


Ill  H 
III  G 
IV 

Liayor  ^orapson,  c^thered  on  the  balconies  and  applauded  our  volunteers, 
Civinr;  cheers  for  the  band  as  it  played  the  ""Zie  3tar-3pangled  Banner"© 
Vihen  the  band  finished  J'layinc^  thunderous  applause  burst  forth  and  cheers 
v;ere  niven  for  the  volunteers  and  for  the  Polish  J^^:iy,  Our  volunteers  3^ve 
three  cheers  for  ^aierica  and  for  President  ..ilsono  The   parade  then  moved 
on  through  the  principal  streets  of  the  do^vntovm  section  to  the  Dearborn 
Street  station,  where  there  v/ere  final  farev:ells,  final  handclasps  vjith  brothers 


P  - 


.r»4 


or  sons,  or  iiancees. 


A  nonent  before  the  train  started,  1x3.   Zarno\;ieci:i,  L'rs.  ^.^l-anoivski,  and  Ij^s. 
3rzozov;ski  presented  the  volunteer::  v;ith  books,  cigarettes,  and  other  necessar:,' 
articles.  The  ladies  of  the  .--cierican  ^ied  Jross  v;ere  also  present,  and  they 
too  gave  our  soldiers  various  arti-^les. 


«,.  I 


A  nonent  later,  the  train  started  taking  avay  those  true  sons  of  lolond  v;ho 
7;ill  soon  find  thcnselves  in  ^'rance,  there  to  unite  v;ith  the  constantly  groin- 
ing Polish  an-^y,  v;hich  is  nor;  av;aiting  the  nonent  v:hen  it  v;ill  strike  at  the 


In 
Or 


i  GLIJII 


Jziennik  ^:v;ia2l:ov>y,    June  11,    1918 • 


III  II 
III  C 
17 

Prussians  an^  aven::e  the  v;ronr,s  tliat  have  been  cone  us  and  our 

forefathers  fcr  i.iany  years. 


POLISH 
Dziennlk  Zvilazkovry^   June  8,  1918. 

TfS  ILIY  aU'IPAIGN 

The  l.'ay  Canpai^n  nov;  beinc  conducted  throuchout  all  Polish  coiimunitiss  in 
America,  is  to  the  Polish  XTniy   v/hat  the  Liberty  Loan  campaigns  v/ere  to  the 
Anerican.  It  is  an  indispensable  factor  in  the  forr.iation  and  existence  of 
that  army.  Zvery  recruiting  officer  knov/s  hov/  recruiting  is  affected  by 
the  argument  that  the  Polish  soldier  has  no  insurance  in  case  of  injury. 
Our  able  boys  v/ho  are  joining  the  Polish  Army  do  not  ask  for  pay  or 
insurance.  They  are  ready  to  make  the  greatest  sacrifices  in  order  to 
help  restpre  Poland,  and  they  v;ould  enlist  in  the  -\.nay  even  if  they  Imev; 
that  in  case  of  crippling  injury  they  v/ould  be  reduced  to  beggars  v/ithout 
aid  or  care.  But  it  is  up  to  society  to  ;:ive  this  sacrifice  the  proper 
appreciation  and  to  contribute,  even  to  its  last  penny,  toward  establishing 
an  insurance  fund.  By  such  an  action,  society  v/ill  be  co-operating  more 
closely  with  the  Polish  /umy — a  co-operation  v/hich  has  not  been  in  evidence 
hitherto,  ov/ing  to  the  fact  that  the  Polish  -Irmy  has  been  supported  by 


I  G 

II  D  10 

III  H 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zvii^zlzovry ^   June  8,  1918 


France.  Our  soldiers  v/ould  certciinly  be  'Tronced  if,  after  receiving  pay, 
arms,  and  arrr.unition  frori  France,  their  own  comnunity  could  not  assure 
them  that,  in  case  of  disablement,  they  v;ill  not  be  forced  to  beg  bread 
after  the  v/ar. 

The  very  announcement  of  the  campairji  served  to  raise  our  soldiers*  spirits 
and  to  increase  the  n\mber  of  volunteers.  But  the  carapai^n  should  be 
conducted  to  a  successful  conclusion  if  £:ood  intentions  are  to  be  turned 
into  deeds. 


Furthermore,  it  is  the  duty  of  every  recruiting  officer  to  support  the 
campaign  to  the  fullest  possible  extent.  It  is  a  fact  that  because  of 
many  misunderstandings  and  much  harmful  propaganda,  the  collection  of 
funds  for  the  La;  Campaign  has  not  been  conducted  v/ith  the  sane  enthusiasm 
and  intensity  in  ever^'-  Polish  community.  The  seed  of  ill  v/ill,  sovm  long 
before  the  campaign  began,  is  bearing  fruit  today,  even  though 


-  b  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zv/iazl:ovvy,  June  8,  1918 


misunderstandincs  as  to  the  control  and  allocation  of  these  funds  have 
been  cleared  up,  Recruit inc  officers  ou{:ht  not  renain  indifferent  in 
such  instances.  They  cannot  say  that  this  is  a  civic  or  political  matter 
and  thus  maintain  a  sort  of  false  neutrality,  for  it  is  a  vital  concern 
of  the  Polish  ii.rjr^''.  V.liere  the  campaign  is  in  the  hands  of  capable  citizens 
and  is  bein^  conducted  energetically,  it  is  not  necessary  for  recruiting 
officers  to  cive  all  of  their  tine  to  this  cause.  But  v/herever  the 
campaign  has  not  developed  properly  because  of  indolence  or  political 
misunderstanding,  recruiting  officers  should  take  action  energetically  and 
organize  the  citizens  to  collect  funds  for  the  Iiay  Campaign.  If  fake 
rumors  are  being  circulated,  they  should  be  corrected  by  use  of  the 
official  statements  of  the  Military  Commission  and  the  National  Department. 
It  should  also  be  e:cplained  to  the  people  that  politics  has  no  place  in 
such  an  important  matter,  that  ever:,' one  of  us  ought  to  do  his  national 
duty  as  a  soldier  and  put  politics  aside,  as  something  to  be  settled  by 
organizations  and  conventions.  Once  the  movement  is  under  v/ay,  recruiting 


I  G 

II  D  10 

III  H 


-  4  - 


Dziennlk  Zv.'iazkovy,  June  S,  1918 


POLISH 


officers  can  return  to  their  regular  duties,  leavinc  the  conpai^n  to  "oe 
conducted  by  the  proper  corxiittees. 


I  G 

III  3  3  a 

III  II 


POLISH 


Dzionnik  ^iviazkovr/,    June  1,   1913. 

(Hditorial) 


tliG  lirjt   an^.ivGrsai^^  of  tLe  :.Qve]:ieiit  to  organize 


The  fourth  of  June  v;ill  ::.arL 
a  Polish  ar.vjy  in  x^'rti.nce.      L.n  June  4,    x917,   a  decree  of  President  j-oincaro  of 
i^'rance,    after  -.aving  been  discussed  and  approved  in  botlx  houses  of  tlie  French 
Parliiii'.ient ,    announced  to  the  ^vorld  tiiat,    in  recognition  of  the  riruit  of  Poland 
to  independent  political  existence  and  in  recognition  of  the  efforts  of  the 
Poles  fi.Thtin,"'.  valiantly  at  the  side  of  the  allies,    j'rance  a£;:rees  to  allov-:  a 
Polish  ar.-iy  to  be  fon:iod  en  lior  soil  as  a  s:,Tnbol  of  the  Polish  stru^rA^  ^or 
freedor.i,    independence,   and  a  ri[:htful  place  a:.;on,^  the  nations  of  the  civilized 
v;orld,   as  an  e::cpression  of  the  realization  of  rolish  ideals,   and  as  a  tribute 
to  the  rJ^oirr  of  Polisli  soldiers. 


fliis  nevjs  travelled  vjith  the  speed  of  li^htninc  "^o  tjie  farthest  comers  of  tiie 
world,   and  echoed  in  the  hearts  of  roles  v;ith  a  i^eixt  enthusiasn  wherever 


a 


III  3  3  a 

III  :: 


«"? 


POLISH 


1  _ 


^ziemiii-:  ^vjiaziiov; 


^> 


'une  1,    l'J18 


Poles  v;ere  to  bo  foimd.      It  :,:ado   its   i:r:pressio:i  in  Berlin  too,   v;Iiere  ti.e 
entiiusiasin  of  Poles  :vas   .veil  laio;jii,   and  it  created  a  i'ear  t^iat  tlio  :.iGre  news 
of  the  rising  of  a  Polish  ariiy  in  franco  v;ould  sproad  the  flar.ie  of  insur- 
rection throu^;li'jut  Poland  and  tlius   crea^ic  a  stor:;.  at  t;;e  ucr...an  rear  v/Iiich 
could  wreck  G-err.an  plans   in  .Cassia.     .-^   a  result,   Gerr.ian  oppression  in  Poland 
v;as  lifted  souiewliat,    and  C-er^ianv  even  a,;rced  to  far-roacliinG  concessions,    in- 
cluding a  United  decree  of  autonorc'. 


Tnis  v:as  tno  first  tri'iuiph  of 


^-clish  amy  in  ^'raxicc,   thou(;li  it  is  not  vet 


-o 


I^O 


tliorou:;lily  appreciated  as  such.   Others  followed,   ^n  tne  tv;elfth  of  ai.ugUot  of 
the  sarie  year,  tae  United  otates  ^overir.ieat  recognized  the  Polish  -nLnay  after 
it  had  alread:^  'ueeii   recocaizea  "oy   t..e  British  ana  Italian  goveriLr.ents  and  oy 
the  other  .-illied  Govern. .eats,   ./itli  this  :.iOi..ent,  the  wor.:  of  recruiting  neii 
for  the  Polish  Arri^'"  began  on  a  large  scale,  witli  tiie  full  approbation  of  all 
the  ^U.lied  countries  in  which  Poles  v;ere  to  .^e  found.  Jinco  there  are  L^ore 
Poles  in  h'orth  and  oout;i  .-i^.^erioa  uhon  in  otl^er  -sillied  nations,  the  greatest 
field  for  recruiting  was  in  the  ^L.iericas,  in  Canada,  Brazil  and  the  united  jtate3. 


T   r* 


-   3   - 


III  13  3  a 
III  H 


Dzie.mik  ^v/ia^^JiQv.y, 


-OlISII 


'line  1,    1918. 


Sinultaneously  vr^tli  the  sl'^^v:tll  of  tue  rolisii  amy  iriovenent,   the  Polish  question 
assuried  international  si:'niricance,   and  v;as  so  tied  up  v/ith  tno  sillied  v-jar  aims 
that  v/hon  Polaiid  i^as  again  uron'^ed  oy  ti.c  Jrest  i-atovsh  peace  co^iTcrencc,   Jn.;ianu 
amiounced      uo    oae  Ger...ans  vvitUoui.  hesitation  that  tne  .-allies  did  not   recognize 
the  boundaries  of  Poland  as  stipuljited  in  that  treaty  and  G^.at  tno  allies  then- 
selves  v;ould  establish  roland'S  boundaries.      I'iie  .rcn.ians  offered  no  active  op- 
position when  rol.nd  occupied  the   Jheln  torritor;^'  that  had  bQea  given  to 
Ulcrainia. 

Such  was  the  great  political  significance  of  the  foming  of  a  Polish  amy  in 
Prance,   although  at  tiie  tines  mentioned  above,    the  relish  ..rr^r  consisted  of 
scarcely  i.iore  than  a  fev;  battalions  of  roles    oransf erred  fro.:  t.c  j'rench  service. 
'.<liat  villi  its  significance  be  in  a  year's  tii.io,    at  tne  co:ii!ig  peace  conference". 


"'T 


sig^iificancc  v;ill  be  decided  b/   tJie  roles  tiiensolvos,   for  a  hundred 
thous'ind  or  i:iore  Polish  hayonetf:  on  tho   hcstern  fret,    covered  vjit;:  glo 


^7  , 


T.» 


t  .J^  .X.  J^ 


be  a  voice  so  great  that  even  tl.c  sajanic  cleverness  of  the  di::lo:.:a 


uS 


o; 


\jii'. 


Central  Poucrs  v;ill  not  be  able  to  iiinmise  it.      .Jid  so  the  fourth  of  june 


o 


CO 


I  G 

III  3 

TTT    i: 


Uzieimi 


•      1 


Ju:io  1, 


-L*w> 


ouciit  to  be  our  equivalciit  to  ••.:.e  .^.orican  j'ourti.  of  v!"uly,    for  it  is  froia 
this  day,   one  caii  say,   t.iat  actual  roiisii  independence  v;iil  dauO. 

V/e  here  in  Jhica^o,   in  order    to    celebrate  that  day  the  better,    have  advanced 

it  to  Sunday,    June  2,    but  on  thij   day  v;e  \;ill   really  be   celebrating^  tne  fourth,   r 


let   Jhicayp  _/^?olonia/'  turn  out  in  a  v;orthy  ::.anner.     ^et  tlio  nev;s   ^o  out  to 
the  v;orld  that  in  the  ,':;reatest  xcl^sh  city  in  .xrr.erica  tne  eiiiergence  of  the 
Polish  ^a'^.iy  v;as  properly  ccrn.eino rated.     Let  Polisii  coinunities  be  literally 
covered  with  flar,s,   and  i.iay  evcr:,'one  turn  out  for  the  parade  to  the  nonurient 
of  the  hero  of  tv:o  v:orlds! 


I  g 

III  K 
I  C 
IV 
III  H 

I  a 

I  c 


POLISH 


(Ulcrainian) 
(Ulcrainian) 
(Ukrainian) 


Dziennik  Zvriazkov.y>  Lxiy  31,   1918. 

TECUS/JTIS  :.T  UKH;JiII.vIT  LLiSS 
IJETING  FOR  UlIICiT  OF  SL.IV3 
J.  F.  oinulski  Speaks  For  Poles 


Yesterday  afternoon,  a  rreat  inass  meeting-  vas  held  at  Pulaski  Kail  under  the 
auspices  of  the  united  Ukrainian  societies  of  Ghicaco.     A  parade  fron  Oakley 
Boulevard  to  the  hall,   in  v/hich  thousnads  of  persons  dressed  in  colorful 
national  costuiaes  participated,   ^receded  the  mass  meeting.     The  Ulrainians 
gave  proof  of  tv/o  thine^s  yesterday:   tliat  their  national  spirit  has  not  died, 
and  that,   together  with  other  Slavs,   tliey  are  v;orkin^:  for  independence  and 
the  der^at  of  the  Prussians  and  .iustrians,  v7ho  not  only  started  the  present 
irvar  buu   sov/ed  dissension  arnone  the  Slavs  in  order  to  profit  by  their  disunion. 
They  /the  Prussians  and  ^lUstrian^  alv;ays  have  knovjn  and  loiov;  novi?  that  a  union 
of  Slavs  v;ould  brine  cer■^Min  iruin  upon  then.     ICnov/inc  this,  they  liave  alT^:a.ys 
used  every  effort  to  prevent  the  Slavs  frora  reaciiinc  an  understanding,   for 
v/hile  the  Slavs  quarrelled  among  themselves,   the  Geirnans  and  ..ustrians  took 


no 
5> 


T7 

c 

« 

c 

^  • 


I  G 

III  H 

I  C 

IV 

III  E  (Ukrainian) 

I  G   (Ukrainian) 

I  C   (Ukrainian) 


-  2  - 


POLISK 


Dziennik  Zv;iazkovjy,  Hay  51,  1918. 


advantage  of  the  situation^  Tliis  v/as  easily  done  in 
the  past,  but  today  it  v/ill  no  longer  be  possible,  for 
the  Slavic  nations  have  matured  and  are  convinced  of 
the  traitorous  intentions  of  the  tyrants  vfho  have 
already  betrayed  the  Poles  and  other  Slavs  once.  The  united  Slavic  nations 
v/ould  make  an  unconquerable  po;7er,  the  very  thought  of  vrhich  makes  the 
Germans  and  Austrians  tremble  v;ith  fear  of  vengeance  for  their  ciruelties, 
their  oppression,  and  their  betrayal. 

The  mass  meeting  opened  at  about  three  o'clock  in  the  afternoon,  before  a 
hall  filled  to  capacity,  with  the  singing  of  "The  Star  Spangled  Banner". 
The  first  speaker  was  the  chairman  of  the  meeting.  Doctor  .7.  Sieminov/icz, 
who  v/as  foliated  by  the  Reverend  N.  J".  Strutynski.  Other  Llcrainian  spealcers 
were  Dr.  H.  Hryniev/iecki,  P.  Tkalz,  the  Reverend  IT.  Kuzma,  F.  Stefankiw, 
the  Reverend  G.  Homitski,  S.  Jandv/icz,  and  II.  ICrykoniaz, 

Nearly  all  of  the  spealiers  spoke  on  the  same  subject.  Since  the  principal 


r  " 


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III  H 

I  C 

IV 

III  H  (Ukrainian) 

I  G       (Ulcrainian) 

I  C       (U!-:rainian) 


—  o 


PCLIoH 


Dgio?mi  ■:  Zviia z\-:o-:rj »  i-^y  31,   1918, 


imion. 


purpose  of  yesterd:.y*s  neetin^;  v/as  to  help  brin^  about 
-a  union  of  the  olavic  nations,   the  siDeciIzers  ndhered  closelr 
to  this  subject,    sayin,;  that  the  tine  lias  cone  for  an 
under  stand  in:;  ahDJij  the  Slavs  and  for  a  f;ener.il  Slavic 
Tliere  was  not  one   speaker  v/ho   did  not  insist  tl^at   this   is  no   time  for     -^ 
di'^sonsion,   or  for  revon^,:e  for  past  occ-irrences,    v/hich,  after  all,   are  attrib-    5 
utable  to  the  C^rnans;   that  the  Slavs  slioulu  v^ork  hand  in  h^nd  for  the  defeat     <r:i 
of  their  coninon  enonios,    -che  G-ernans   and  the  .vustrians.     Tlie   speahers  also  p 

laid  emphasis  on  the  fact  that  the  rolish-!Jl:ruiaia:i  question  imist  be  settled       ^ 
by  those  tv/o  nations  and  that  the  ceriiians  and  Austrians  have  no  right  to 
interfere.     Everyone  of  th^  speakers  closed  vath  the  cry:    '*Lont;  livo  free 
Poland*,     Lon^;  live  free  Ukraiaial"     .1  resolution  to  this  effect  v/as  approved 
and  sent  to  V/ashint^ton, 


C: 

c  ^ 
c 

r 


A  very  good  address  v;as  delivered  in  Iilnf:lish  b^^  Oongressynan  H,  HcCormick  ?jho 
said  that  ;j-ierica  will  not  lav  doim  her  arras  until  the  small  countries  of 


.i=:'_r.-jr    :   -Z— «- 


I  g 

III  H 

I   G 

17 

III  II  (Ukrciiiiian) 
(Ukrciinian) 
(Uliraiiian) 


-  4  - 


Dzieanik    'iV/iazIio '/;:; ,  .xiy  ol,   1918, 


PCLI3II 


I   G 
I  C 


]j)urope  have  heon  nvon^^ed  and  until  the  Huns  are 
defeated,     ^jnon-;:  other  thin  -g,   he  iientioned  that 
Guch  a'vjlo   soldiers  as  Koscia3':o  and  Pulaski  had 
fou.'^Jit  at   ;,'ashin::"Don*s   side  for  the  freedon  of 
^ijaerica,   and  thc-^t  for  this  reason  .j.ieric^a  is  obligated  to  fi^^ht  for  the 
freedon  of  oppressO'^.  nations  unti.l  the  Geriiians  be.^  for  peace  on  bended 
Icnae, 


"5> 


Tlie  v/ell-lino;;^  Polish  lav/^.^er,  I...  Kacz:.iare]:,  also  spoke  in  Jnclish  and  v;as 
thimc:erously  applauded  for  his  splendid  address. 

John  F.  Sinalski  spoke  in  Polish  in  behalf  of  ohe  Poles.  His  appearance  upon 
the  platforr.1  broujit  forth  a  storu  of  applause.  ;:irnul3ki  spoke  very  well, 
pointin;;  out  that  tlie  Poles  are  very  anjzious  to  see  Ukrainia  a  free  country 
on  an  equ£il  basis  v/ith  free  Poland,  and  that  at  present  the  sole  aim  of  the 
Slavic  nations  should  be  to  unite  stron^^ly  in  order  to  crush  the  Prussian 


I    G 
III  II 
I  C 
IV 

III  11 
I   G 
I  C 


POLISH 


Dz i e  nni  Ic  ,^^^'{1  ^.^X^jy  f  ^^^  ^1|   1913. 


(Ulcruinian) 
(Ulcrainian) 
(Ukrainian) 


hydra.     He  said  also   tliat  any  id sunderstandin^s  between 


the  Pole:^  and  the  Ukrainians  v/ere  the  result  of  Gemiian 
and  Austrian  propa::anda,  v;hich  seeks  to  keep  the  Slavic 
nations  in  discord,   because  oT  the  fear  of  the  povjer 
tliat  v/Duld  result  fron  their  union.     He  concluded  ^'rith  the  v/ords:    "Long  live 
Ukrainial     Lon^:  live  roland  and  every  other  Slavic  nation!"     Seenin.^ly 
unending  applause  f ollov;Gd. 


i:iiankinl 


Other  speakers  v/ere:   .7.  Stepliina,  in  behalf  of  the  Czechs;  Dr.  a.   , 

in  behalf  y^    the  Croatians;  J.  xalandjch,  in  behalf  of  the  Serbs;  and  J.  Zuzek, 
in  belialf  of  the  Slovaks.  ;J.l  of  them  spoke  on  the  sarae  subject,  namely, 
Slavic  union,  a  very  important  matter.  The:/  did  not  neclect  to  use  the  occasion 
to  express  their  hopes  that  the  base  Prus  -ians  and  ..ustrians  7;ould  be  defeated 
as  soon  as  possible.  One  of  the  least  desii^able  speakers  at  a  monent  of  such 
importance  v/as  the  i^everend  H.  Pakalnis,  a  Lithuanian. 


1' 

CD 

CO 
CD 

ro 
•*^ 


Yesterdav«s  rmss  meotin';  was  a  Ukrainian  m:)etinr,  havin.::  for  its  purpose  the 


I    G 

III  H 

I  C 

IV 

III  K  (Ul:raiiai;ia) 

I  G       {Ul<rainian) 

I  C       (Ukrainian) 


-  6  - 


Dzieiuiik  ^wltiskovrr,  Liay  31,   1918, 


POLISH 


union  of  olavs  and  a  general  improvement  in  their 
imitual  relations.  The  Reverend  Pakalnis,  since  he 
had  attended  the  neetin-  at  all,  should  iiave  controlled 
hi-raselT,  despite  his  liatred  of  the  Poles  and  of  Slavs 
in  general.  Surely  he  rmst  have  notic»ed  the  prevailing:  sentiment  and  the 
general  desire  for  unity;  thus,  as  a  speaker,  and,  in  addition,  as  a  non-Slav— 
as  a  Lithuanian  v;ho  hates  Slavs — he  ou^lit  to  have  held  his  peace  and  not  touched 
upon  irrelevant  and  irritable  matters.  After  all,  it  vns  knov/n  to  the  Reverend 
Pakalnis  that  the  purpose  of  the  neetinj  vras  to  unite  the  Slavs  and  not  incite 
them  one  against  the  other.  The  Reverend  Pakalnis  said  in  his  address:  ".... 
our  enero:/,  Poland,  took  Lithuania  and  Ulcrrinia  by  force;  and  when  Poland  was 
conquered,  it  dra.::sed  Lithuania  and  Ukrainia  into  Slavery  with  it."  V/hat 
sort  of  histoi::,"  has  the  Reverend  Pakalnis  been  reading  that  he  could  sa3?'  such 
absurdities?  He  merely  incurred  the  disole  isure  of  those  present  who  kne?/ 
their  history-,  v;ho  knev;  that  this  was  not  so.  Our  Lithuanian  friends  should 
never  for^^et  that  Poland  does  not  desire  to  force  its  authority  upon  anj^'one; 
the  Poles  are  a  freodoii-lovin^  nation,  which  is  firhtinc  for  freodon  at  present, 


.  .■•«?" 


I   G 


III  II 

I  C 

IV 

III  H  (Ukrainian) 

I  G       (Ulcraiaiaii) 

I  C       (Uki'ainian) 


-  7  - 

Dzionriik  Zwiazkp.^vv,  I-^y  31,   1918. 
and  xviiich  desires  freedon  not  cnl; 


POLISH 


only  I'or  all  olciVij,   but  for  all  n^-^ 


lo-h. 


for  thoiiselTSs,   not 
ions.     The  fe:irs  of 
the  Lithuanians  are  unfounded,   for  Poland  v;ant3,  and  is 
fil^htin,:  for,   only  thz^t  v;hich  is  rinhtfully  Polish; 
Poland  does  not  seel:  to  take  under  lior  vang  those  v;ho   are  nov;  slandering  her. 


Yesterday^s  r.ieetin:';  vvas,   in  tjcnoral,  a  success,   for  the  dosire  for  urdty 
amono  the  Slavs  was  a  sincere  one.     IJay  that  unity  coiae  as  soon  as  possible, 
for  then  Slavic  power  v/ould  forever  destroy  <3erLnn  pretensions! 


3> 


C3 


I  Cx 

II  D  10 

III  B  2 
III  H 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkov/y,  Lay  ^7,  1918 • 


R.iLLY  ILJLD  iCK  FCLIoil  AKI.T 


Throuch  the  efforts  oi  the  ..t.  Casii.ir's  Parish  Citizens  Gorjnittee,  a  great 
rally  for  the  benefit  of  bhe  Polish  Amy  .vas  held  yesterday  afternoon  in 
St.  GasiLiir's  Parish.   It*  .vab  a  i^uccess  in  every  respect,  despite  the  in« 
tense  heat  that  prevailed  throu^^hout  the  day.  The  people  of  this  CoiTiTuunity, 
v;ho  are  working  as  hard  as  they  cai.  for  the  Polish  Array,  have  proved  acain 
that  they  are  r-reatly  concerned  not  only  v;ith  providing'  recruits  to  the  Army 
but  ;vith  support inr  it  fins^ncially  tc  the  extent  of  their  Lieans. 

The  parade  be^an  at  1:30  P.i:.  in  front  of  the  parish  hall  on  22nd  Street  in 
the  follov/inp  order:   the  standard  bearers,  follov;tid  Ly  the  Polish  Unit  Band 
of  St.  Adalbert's  Parish;  four  Polish  Army  nurses;  Citizens  Corrmiittee  of 
St.  Casinir's  Parish;  Polish  Ariuy  volunteers,  nun.uerin^^  about  t;venty-f ive, 
led  by  Organizer  c.  Krzyvvonos  and  Tiecruitin^:-  Serreant  Joseph  Hojnacki  of 
Center  VIII;  Society  of  Pulaski  Volunteers,  Group  418,  Polish  National  Alliance; 
Society  of  St.  Francis  Xavery  Foresters;  Bar  Confeder-acy  Society;  St.  Casir.ir's 


:?! 
CD 

CO 

ro 


CJ^ 


I  G 

II  D  10 

III  r  2 

III  H 

r/ 

Albany , 
Street, 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  L'ay  27,  1918, 

Society;  Holy  Cross  Society;  anl  i:ev;  Poland  Society,  Group  177, 
Polish  I.'ational  Alliai:ce.  The  i^arade  moved  dovni  22nd  Strwut  to 
then  over  :.o  24th  Street  as  far  as  '.Vhipple,  dov/n  V/hipple  to  25th 


then  to  i;7ashtenav, 


to  24th  Street  to  Harri.son  Hirh  School. 


It  v/as  about  tnree  o*  clock  in  the  axternooii  before  everyone  -/ho  had  partici- 
pated in  the  parade  entered  the  ha^l,  jhich  seats  about  four  thousand  people. 
The  hall  v;as  practically  filled  to  capacity,  .vhich  means  that  se^^-eral  thous- 
and persons  participat-ed  in  the  parade. 

The  plati'on.  was  occupied  Ly  the  standard-bearers,  v/ho  carried  the  Polish 
and  American  flaf:s;  the  Polish  Army  nurt^es;  Polish  Arr::y  volunteers;  officers 
of  the  various  societies;  and  the  scheduled  speakers. 

Before  the  exercises  opened,  the  band  played  che  Ainerican  national  anthem, 
at  which  everyone  rose  to  his  feet.  The  exercises  v/ere  formally  opened  by 
Z*^jl7  Sliv/a,  president  of  the  local  Citizens  Committee,  v;ho  called  upon  the 


'ID 
cr 


?.;^?^ 


I  G 


-  3  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  ray  27,  1910. 


II  D  10 

III  £  2 

III  H 

IV  Reverend  J.   Kozlowski  to  preside,  and  \i])on   I.'.  Drzev;iecki,  secretary 
of  the  Citir.ens  Gcimiiittee  to  perforn  the  duties  of  secretary. 


The  Peverend  J.  Kozlov/ski,  assistant  at  lit.  Gasiiair's  Church,  delivered  a 
very  ^i:ood  address,  takinr  the  Poli^:h  Amy  as  his  subject.  Ke  quoted  Presi- 
dent 7/ilson,  v;ho  said  that  Poland  must  be  an  independent  nation.  He  added 
that  if  we  desire  freedoiii,  .ve  inusu  xi^ht  for  it,  for  it  can  never  be  at- 
tained vnthout  sacrifice  on  our  part.  Me  spoke  to  the  Polish  youth,  urging 
theiT:  to  enlist  in  the  Polish  Army  in  the  rreatest  possible  numbers,  for  we 
need  that  arir.y  .:ct  only  ic   firht  for  our  own  rip-hts  but  Tor  justice  for  the 
whole  v7orl(I.  The  reverend  speaker's  address  was  frequently  interrupted  with 
stormy  applause. 

The  rialka  /jomen' o  ChorusT"  then  sang  under  the  direction  of  Professor  Kuja;7ski 
and  was  forced  to  return  for  an  encore. 


-a 


CO 
CT> 


rp 


he  next  nujaber  was  an  address   by  the  Polish  Amy  organizer,   3.  Krz\Avonos,   v/ho 


I  G 

II  D  10 

III  B  2 
III  H 
IV 


-  4  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  Llay  27,  1918 


spoke  in  hiG  usual  spirited  manner.  He  pointed  out  that  the  Polish 
people,  deprived  of  freedor.,  had  come  to  Ameiica  to  better  their 
economic  condition.  But  in  reality,  he  said,  they  are  slaves,  for  beyond 
their  daily  labor  and  their  meafjer  earnings,  they  are  gaining  nothing  for 
themselves  and  will  remain  slaves  until  this  £Teat   world  war,  this  -vorld 
drama,  ];roauces  a  free  and  independent  Poland.  He  spoke  of  the  Polish  Army, 
which  is  c'Oing  to  fifht,  he  said,  not  or  itself,  but  for  the  cause,  for 
all  of  us.  He  called  upon  the  Polish  youth  to  enliot  and  upon  those  who  will 
stay  behind  to  contribute  financially  to  the  Army's  support.  One  volunteer, 
Joseph  Haranek,  came  oo   the  platform  as  a  resuiu 


of  his  arreal. 


nD 


no 

CD 


The  next  number  was  a  recitation  by  L'iss.  F.  Gorski,  v;ho  was  rev/arded  with 
generous  applause* 


The  chairman  then  asked  the  band  to  play  a  few  selection:,  while  a  collection 
was  taken  up  by  four  Polish  army  nurses  and  two  other  young  v/omen.  The  band 
played  a  medley  of  Polish  songs,  at  the  conclusion  oi  which  the  chairman 


I  G 

II  D  10 

III  B  2 
III  H 

r; 


-  5  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkov/y.  l,lay  27,  1918 


announced  that  the  St.  St«'\nislaus  bishop  and  !;:art3T  Society  o 
Casimr's  Parish  xiad  donated  fifteen  dollar^:  to  the  Polish  Array. 


The  next  nninber  was  a  scn^  hy   a  quartet  from  the  Kurpinski  Choir,  directed 
by  Herek.  The  quartet  san.^;  so  well  that  it  v;as  forced  by  applause  to  give 
two  encores.  The  collection  netted  C9o.90,  which,  added  bo  the  St.  Stanis- 
laus Society's  donation  of  315,  made  a  total  of  fel05.90  for  the  Polish  Army. 

Organizer  Krzywonos  then  spoke  again,  followed  by  Recruiting  Sergeant  Kojnacki. 
Both  called  upon  the  youth  to  enlist  and  upon  the  general  public  for  support. 

Before  the  conclusion  of  the  rally,  L.  Jaf-lowski  came  to  the  platforn.  I'ixing 
a  few  chemical  preparations,  he  represented  the  partition  of  Poland,  the  evic- 
tion of  the  enemy  hordes,  the  destruction  of  the  Kaiser,  and  the  rebirth  of 
Poland.  As  the  enemy  overran  our  country,  the  preparation  became  blood  red, 
and  with  the  enemy'?  defeat  turned  to  a  clear  white  again.  The  final  colors 
were  red  and  white,  x.he   national  colors  of  Poland. 


r' 


o 


-  7^i^^^^^»~ 


I  G 


-  6  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  May  27,  1916 • 


II  D  10 

III  B  2 

III  H  _ 

IV  In  conclusi£n,  the  Polish  national  anthem,  **Eoze  Cos  Polske"  /God 
Save  Poland/,  was  sung. 


•■n 


CO 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Swlazkowy,  I,Iay  21,  1918. 


DSPARTUR2  OF  VOLUITTSSHS  TO  TIE  POLISH  AMY 


For  a  certain  time  now,  there  has  not  been  a  Monday  whan  at  least  a  hundred 
volunteers  to  the  Polish  Army  did  not  depart  from  Chicago  for  the  training 
camp.  As  usual,  yesterday  over  eighty  volunteers  left  for  the  Polish  Army 
training  camp  at  Niagara-on-tha-Lake.  From  there  they  will  be  sent  to  France 
to  become  part  of  the  rapidly  growing  Polish  Army  which  will  soon  face  the 
Germans,  perhaps  in  decisive  battle.  Despite  much  opposition  from  Poles  '.vho 
have  dishonored  their  names  for  Prussian  marks,  the  Polish  Army  is  growing  in 
strength*  Nothing  can  withhold  the  able  Polish  volunteers  from  the  duty  that 
binds  everyone  who  is  a  real  Pole,  and  v/ho  loves  his  homeland  with  heart  and 
soul,  knowing  that  this  is  the  only  opportunity  of  winning  freedom  for  Poland. 
The  soul  of  every  good  Pole  feels  this,  knowing  that  the  moment  of  rebirth  for 
Poland  is  approaching,  that  xuoment  of  triumph  when,  after  the  final  victory 
of  the  Allies,  our  Poland  will  be  on  an  equal  footing  with  all  other  nations: 
free,  independent,  and  united.  All  hail  to  those  Polish  volunteers  in  whom 
there  has  awakened  the  real  Polish  spirit  which  does  not  tolerate  slavery. 


CD 


CO 
CD 

cr 


-  2  - 


:ii  H 


POLISH 


Dziennil:  Zv/iazkov/y.   Ijsiy  21,   1918. 

AT  H^Ji^ITr.'G  OZKTJm  II 

The  volunteers  gathered  at  Hecruitin:,:  Center  II,   arriving  fron  all  parts  of 
the  city,   led  by  the  reciniitin^i  serp;eants  of  their  districts.     Prom^Hav/thorne, 
as  usual,   twelve  volunteers  caiae  in  eleven  auto.^.obiles,     'Tiie  volunteers  from 
liavrthome  were  accor.panied  by  their  local  Citizens'   Committee  and  numerous 
friends. 


/Translator's  note:      Tiie  naiies  of  the  visitors  fror: 
in  translation.T 


IlavTtliome  liave  been  oniitted 


CD 

cr 


The  volunteers  aeclared  that  before  they  had  left  for  Chicago,  their  Citizens' 
Conr.iittee  had  treated  then  to  a  splendid  breakfast  and  presented  tliein  with 
i.:any  gifts.  Ljrs.  Cecelia  Jeruzal  had  pinned  a  flower  to  the  lapel  of  each  nan's 
coat. 


I  Q 
III  II 


Dziennik  Zv/iazkov.y,   ..:ay  21,   1918. 


The  ladies  or  the  rolish  lied  Cross,   who  v.ere  to  take  part  in  the  parade,   were  the 
center  of  interest.     '2he  na-ies  of  these  ;;o:.ien  v;ere:      Sophia  J^^.orski, 
Ilalina  Wolf,   :.jary  Uchacz,   I.Iar^^  lisiev/icz,   -^ucia  -essczynski,   Frances  ijDza, 
Sophia  Tatar,   helen  './iduch,    Jean  ^lulik,    Caroline  'J^viei:,   and  Julia  Szypulski. 
Tlieir  attractive  costumes  drev;  the  attention  of  the  onlookers. 


3> 


After  the  volunteers  had  fori.ied  ranks,   i..rs.    w'anda  ..iurcikovvski,   proprietress 
of  the  fl07;er  shop  at  1411  .llwaukeo  ^;Lvenue,    gave  each  -.lan  a  flovver,   wishing 
hir.:  success  and  a  safe  return.      In  pinning  on  the  flov;ers,   ^^s.  ...urcikowski 
e::pressed  her  iiish  opinion  of  the  vol^onteers,   saying  that  she  v;as  happy  to 
see  that  Poland  had  such  -.;crthy  sons  who  were  faithful  to  its  principles 
and  would  fi,7.ht  for  its  ri^its. 


CD 


CO 
cr 


After  all  forr.ialities  had  been  taken  care  of,  the  procession,  consisting  of 
the  volunteers,  the  rolish  i^ed  Cross,  the  Citizens »  aoi:u.iittees,  the  repre- 
sentatives of  the  press,  and  the  officers  and  recruitinr;  sergeants  of  the 
Polish  Air^-,  moved  on  to  Jt.  Helen's  Church,  vjuore  solerim  Iligli  lass  was  to 


I  g 

III  H 


be  held. 


-     4:    " 


Dziennik  2.v;iazlco;\y,  ..iiy  21,  1916 


GEK:i.:c:nf  e:  ciiu^ch 


POLISH 


Upon  arrival  at  the  church,  all  those  v;ho  participated  in  the  parade  attended 
i.Iass,  which  v;as  celebrated  by  the  ]  verend  Peter  Pj'tere::,  tlie  local  pastor, 
assisted  by  the  lievereiids  Ferdinand  ocierzka,  deacon,  Theodore  Hekosiak, 
subdeacon,  and  P.  Sobota,  master  or  cereiionies.   Durinr^  the  course  of  the 
cerenony,  solos  v/ere  sun^  by  Jolm  Bi:.lav;a,  local  organist,  Lisses  K.  Budzban 
and  Ilulik,  ...rs.  Dolinski,  3.  i^ybowiah,  director  of  the  Philaret  Choir,  and 
by  Stephen  Kozuch  and  Joseph  Kokoteh,  r.ienbers  of  the  Philaret  Choir, 

At  the  conclusion  of  the  cerenonies  and  an  earnest  prayer  for  a  better  future, 
the  gathering  left  the  church  for  the  parish  hall. 


o 


3u-;ii:-;:ir£T  at  PaRISK  KhLL 
Upon  arrival  at  the  parish  hall,   the  volvmteers  aiid  their  v;ell--.visiiers  sat  down  to 


I  g 

III  H 


Jziemiik 


-  5  - 


ovaaziiovr^ 


POLISIi 


.May  21,   19  IS 


v/Gll-laden  tablss.     TliG  v/onen  of  tiie  local  parish  se^^ed  the  food  and  saw 
to  it  that  everybody  had  enougli  to  eat.     At  the  i.ain  table  sat  the  -Reverends 
r'jteTe}:^   Scierzha,   lielcosial:,   and  Sobota,   II.   uisiewicz  and  A.   Grochov/ski, 
menbers  of  the  Central  Citizens'   Co.nnittee,   Thaddeus  Jurkowshi  and  ;/.   Jasinski, 
lieutenants  of  the  jroiish  .-Lrniy  in  .iiissia,   who  had  coriie  especially  to  bid 
farewell  to  their  cororados  in  aiv^s,   reter  LiGiaan,   /J'Olm/  ?rzyprav;a,    inspector 
of  the  Polish  liTLiy;     Lieutenant  Julev/ski,    of  the  Polish  ^nay  Training  Caiip; 
representatives  of  recruiting  Center  II;      representatives  of  Dziennik  Zv;iazko\r.^ 
/Pzlennik/  Ilarodov/y,   and  Kuryer  Polski;   J.   Bielawa,   local  organist;  Professor 
1>.   ri^^bowiak;   and  Stephen  iCozuch  and  Joseph  *.oi^otek,  :.iei;ibers  of  the  Philaret 
Choir,     hefore  the  banquet  coirriieneed,   the  nievcrend  Pytere..  led  the  company  in 
prayer.     Trie  Master  of  ceranonies  at  the  banquet  was  J.   -j.siewicz,   of  the 
Central  Citizens*   Goior/iittee.     As  ti.e  banquet  coi.uienced,   tiie  Caiap  ivosciusko 
^Niagara-on-the-LakeT'  Polish  iirt.iy  hajid,   led  by  John  './asilevjski,   arrived  at  the 
hall  and  v;as  greeted  by  sustained  applause.      Since  the  :.iusicians  were  tired 
froLi  their  long  journey,   having   co;..e  directly  froi;  the  Caiip  to   Chicago,    they 
were  iimnediately  given  places  at   ohe  tables  that  they  i;iight  refresh  theLoselves. 


:5E 


no 

-ISO 

o 

CO 


I  g 
III  I] 


-  6  - 


Dsieimik  Zv/iaskovr^'-,   I.jay  2i,    1918. 


P0LI3H 


At  the  conclusion  of  tlie  dimiei^  the  .leverend  i^terelc  took  over  the  duties  of 
master  of  ceremonies.  i\fter  a  short  address,  he  asked  for  a  few  v;ords  frora 
xieutenant  Jurkov/ski,  of  tiie  Polish  Arriiy  in  .^"ussia.  Lieutenant  J"urkov;ski 
riade  a  short  but  precise  address,  in  truly  .lilitary  fashion.  He  wished  the 
volunteers  all  success  in  the  struf,£;le  for  the  independence  of  Poland.  The 
next  speaker  v;as  the  well-.Jiov;n  Peter  -^igi..an.  His  farewell  address  to  the 
volunteers  was  so  emotional  that  the  venerable  speaker  v/ept  li.ce  a  child  as 
he  spoke.  He  asserted  that  if  he  v;ere  forty  years  youn.i;er,  no  power  on  earth 
could  prevent  hin  frOi.i  enlistinr;  in  the  Polish  Arrrjy. 

At  the  conclusion  of  this  address,  the  Caiiip  IGosciusko  3and  played  "Boze  Cos 
Polske"  (God  Save  Poland)  and  a  march  tune.  Tae   entire  gathering  was  enlivened 
hy   the  stirring  inusic  of  this  oruly  Polish  nilitar/  band.  The  musicians  played 
so  vjell  that  it  v.^s  really  a  plearmre  to  listen  to  then,  and  every  one  felt 
that  at  that  raonent  he  could  throw  hiinself  upon  the  eneviy.     As   the  Hevorend 
Pyterek  said  after^vards,  if  a  regiment  of  Germans  had  appeared  it  would  have 
been  annihilated,  so  warlike  an  ati.iosphere  did  the  music  create. 


T 


-T3 

IPO 


CD 


I  Gr 
III  H 


-  7  - 


POLISH 


Dziemiik  ^wiazkov;y,  ...ay  .31,  1918 


Tlic  nert  speaker  was  Lieutenant  Jasinski  of  x,ho   Polish  .UTiy  in  Hussir.,  \vho 
expressed  the  hope  that  he  and  the  volimteers  v;ould  meet  again  in  V^arsaxv, 
which  v;ould  then  be  the  capital  of  a  free,  independent,  and  united  Polai^"^.. 
i.ass  Halina  V/olf  then  spoke  in  behalf  of  the  Polish  -ted   Cross,  after  which 
the  children  of  the  local  parish  school  entertained  vjith  songs,   xhe  con- 
cluding address  was  delivered  by  John  Przyprav;a,  inspector  for  the  Polish  -rLriiiy. 

Before  the  co  ipany  left  the  hall,  the  ladies  who  had  i^repared  the  dinner  gave 
each  of  the  volunteers  sone  food  to  eat  on  the  way  to  the  ca:.ip,  while  the 
Citizens'  Goj.j.iittee  pa.ssed  out  ci^^ars  anu  cigarettes.  The  roll  was  then  called 
to  deterr.dne  whether  all  of  the  volunteers  were  present,  follov/ins  xo/hich  they 
departed  for  the  railroad  station. 


-C7 

3> 


TO 

CD 


CO 


Lay  God  repay  father  PytereL,  the  local  Citizens'  Comriittee,  and  the  ladie.^  of 
the  parish  ^vho  prepared  and  served  the  delicious  dinner.  Jt.  Helen's  Parish 
really  bade  farewell  to  the  volunteers  in  old  Polish  style*  iiothinf?;  ;vas 
lackinr;;  ever\^body  had  as  iiuch  food  as  he  v/anted  to  eat. 


I  Q 
III  H 


-  8  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik 


^wlazkowy,  I^Iay  21,  1918 


TH2  D3?;j?nJIS 


After  leaving  the  hall,  the  procession  proceeded  from  St.  Helens  Church  to  Noble 
Street,  fix)i;i  which  point  chartered  streetcars  took  the  Company  dovmto^vn.  Ranks 
were  formed  again  at  Randolph  and  Canal  Streets,  where  mounted  police  were  al- 
ready waiting,  and  the  procession  moved  through  the  principal  streets  of  the  Loop 


5> 


7Z) 


CO 
CD 


Probably  no  previous  parade  of  Polish  Amy  volunteers  attracted  so  much  attention  o 
of  the  American  public  as  this  one,  due  mainly  to  the  participation  of  the  Camp 
Kosciusko  Band,  the  Polish  Red  Cross,  and  the  officers  from  the  Polish  Army  in 
Russia,  Tlie  streets  through  v;hich  the  procession  passed  were  lined  with  curious 
people  who,  upon  discovering  whose  parade  it  v;as,  applauded  enthusiastically.  They 
especially  applauded  the  Red  Cross  contingent  v/hich  made  such  a  good  appearance 
that  it  would  have  been  difficult  to  refrain  from  applauding.  The  band  contributed 
much  to  the  general  good  appearance  of  the  parade,  attracting  so  many  people  with 
its  music  that  crowds  of  them  followed  the  parade  to  the  railroad  station  in  order 
to  see  the  Poles  bid  a  last  farewell  to  their  volunteers. 


'^v*^-.-,--*f'"r 


-  .,:■  'w-^i,---'- 


n 

Or 


POLISH 


III  H 


Dziennik  ^wiaz::or>y,  Lay  21,  1918 


At  the   station,  as  usual,  tlicre  v/as  no  end  to  farev/ells;  mothers  bade  good- 
bye to  their  sons,  sisters  and  youn.-^  v;onen  bade  farevw'ell  to  their  brothers 
and  sv;eethearts,  just  as  did  fatiiers  and  brothers  to  their  sons  and  brothers, 
naturally,  there  v;ere  i.iany  tears.  The   band  did  its  best  to  cheer  everyone  up 
by  playinG  nerr:,'  Polish  folk  tunes.   It  also  played  the  Polish  and  x^ierican 
national  anther.s.  As   the  train  left,  the  last  notes  bade  farewell  to  those  who 
were  going  to  ficht  for  the  ri^its  of  Poland,  as  did  the  hearts  of  hundreds  . 
-rtJQd  in  a  nonent,  the  train  disappeared  fron  viev;,  cariying  the  volunteers  v;ho 
v;ent  to  fight  for  our  country.  Lay  tliey  all  be  heroes  and  win  freedoi;  for 
Poland. 


-o 


r^. 


O 


CO 
CD 


A  i?j:;y  ..0^  ;;c.ffl3  about  tiie  b^jd 


As  v;e  have  already  said,  the  Polish  Military  Band  froLi  Caiap  Kosciusko  plays 
splendidly.   The  boys  present  a  truly  lailitaiy  appeai^ance.   They  are  contented 
and  willing,  for  they  Iroiow  that  as  volunteers  to  the  Polish  ikriny  it  is  their 
duty  to  keep  up  the  good  na^ie  of  tnat  ari.iy  no  natter  what  the  conditions  are, 


I  G 
III  H 


-  10  - 


Dziennik  Zwiazkov/y,  I'&y   21,  191S 


POLISH 


1 


and  especially  since  it  is   conposed  solely  of  volunteers.     They  play  very 
well,    and  if  tliey  do  not  play  tlie  luusic  exactly  tlie  vvay  they  feel   it,   it  is 
the  fault  of  poor  instinrr.ents.      They  are  good  musicians,   and  it  nust  be  ad- 
mitted that  if  our  beys  had  instrui.'ionts  like  those  in  sonie  of  zhe  American 
aniy  bajids,   none  of  the  fai.ious  ^iiaerican   bands  could  equal  ours,     .another 
and  very  important  matter  is  tuat  of  uniforms  for  our  .^lusicians.      In  the 
first  place,    the  uniforms  our  boys  v;ear  are  too  heaTv  and  are  not  appropriate 
for  a  band;   they  do  not  do   justice  to  the  rolish  .xrm^-.      Tiiese  boys  really 
cannot  march  in  such  heavy  uniforms  in  hot  v/eather.     livei!  though  the  v;eather 
v;as  not  very  hot  yesterdajr^   a  lool:  of  fatigue  could  be  seen  in  the  m.usicians* 
faces,   and  this  was  entirely  due  to  the  fact  that  the  unif orris  they  wore  were 
too  heavy  for  a  lailitary  band. 


-TO 

o 


0.5 

CD 

rv:> 
cr 


It  is  to  be  supposed  that  if  the  c^^^^i^l  public  could  see  and  hear  this 
splendid  band,  then,  if  the  agents  at  the  head  of  our  nationalistic  move- 
ments do  not  act,  there  will  be  people  v;ho  vjill  talce  up  contributions  so  that 
new  uniforms  can  be  purchased  for  this  incomparable  Polish  rirmy  Band  which 


I  g 

III  H 


-  11  - 


Dziennik  2::^±0Lzkov:y ^   V^'-   21,  1918, 


POLISH 


ought  to  look  at  least  as  v;ell  as  others,  if  not  better. 

Vie   ouglit  not  to  pemit  it  to  happen  triat  anyone  should  speak  derogatorily  of    ^ 
our  liiilitary  band  sinply  because  it  is  not  properly  uniforned.  ^^ 


Then  let  Chicago  Polonia  give  one  nore  proof  tliat  t:.e  Polish  iiTKiy  actively 
concerns  it,  that  the  ^irioy  lies  close  to  its  heart,  oy  seeing  that  its  ariny 
and  its  band  are  at  least  equal  in  appearance  to  those  of  tiie  Allied  ariiiies. 

May  this  appeal  find  the  ear  of  our  genei*ous  Chicago  Polonia,  for  the  benefit 
of  the  Polish  Army. 


CD 


CO 
CD 

^^ 


I  G 

I  B  3  c 

III  H 


POLISH 


Dziennlk  Zwlazkowy^  May  8,  1918. 


LET  US  SA^/EI 
(Editorial) 

In  American  papers, one  sees  quite  frequently  the  complaint  that  the  American 
public  lacks  a  certain  very  valuable  virtue  namely,  thriftiness,  and  this  is 
contrasted  with  the  millions  saved  annually  by  European  immigrants •  VJe  can 
say  with  pride  that  thrift  is  one  of  the  characteristics  of  the  Polish  people 
in  America,  and  no  agitation  or  cajolery  is  necessary  to  encourage  thrift  in 
Polish  homes;  that  is,  the  saving  of  small  sums. 

Rather  can  we  find  certain  faults  with  the  way  in  which  these  savings  are  in- 
vested* In  view  of  the  fact  that  banks  often  pay  liotle  or  no  interest,  insti- 
tutions that  give  very  little  ^arantee  of  stability  lure  depositors  with 
promises  of  high  interest  rates;  very  often  bankruptcy  or  abuses  of  trust  of 
institutions  of  this  kind  cause  distrust  /among  our  people/*  All  inconveniences 


c.  .•> 


I  0 

I  B  3  c 

III  H 


-  2  - 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  May  8,  1918 • 


POLISH 


concerning  the  interest  rates  as  v;ell  as  the  security  of  the  principal  are 
automatically  eliminated  by  the  purchase  of  war-savings  stamps. 

The  conveniences  of  saving  this  way  are  as  follows; 

1.     Even  the  smallest  sums  can  be  saved,  for  the  value  of  a  single  stamp 
is  twenty-five  cents • 

2*  The  rate  of  interest  is  higher  than  that  offered  by  any  other  invest- 
ment, since  interest  is  compound.  After  five  years,  $10  will  be  paid  for  every 
$8 • 32 • 

3.  The  security  of  the  money  scarcely  needs  to  be  mentioned;  such  guarantee 
as  the  government  gives  is  not  given  by  any  othar  financial  institution  in  the 
world. 

4.  Proof  of  the  privileges  derived  from  placing  savings  in  war-savings 


I  G 

I  B  3  c 

III  H 


-  3  - 


Dzlennik  Zwiazkowy^  May  8,  1918 


POLISH 


stamps  is  the  fact  that  the  Treasury  Department  will  not  accept  sums  in  excess 
of  a  thousand  dollars* 


All  those  who  are  saving  for  a  '*rainy  day"  or  for  other  reasons  oup:ht  to  place 

their  money  in  these  stamps,  which  may  be  purchased  at  any  post  office  or  in 

the  offices  of  the  Polish  National  Alliance,  where  war-savings  stamps  are  always 
available. 


During  the  present  critical  time  for  all  of  us,  when  the  fate  of  the  world  and 
the  fate  of  our  dearest  homeland  are  at  stake,  it  is  our  duty  to  this  adopted 
American  homeland  of  ours,  struggling  for  the  same  ideals  as  we  are,  and  using 
the  same  means  to  reach  them-- namely,  by  engaging  in  a  life  or  death  struggle 
with  a  mortal  enemy — to  aid  the  treasury  of  this  country,  with  our  savings,  to 
buy  arms  with  which  to  fight  the  enemy. 

During  next  week,  people  of  good  will,  giving  their  time  and  labor  gratuitously 


I  G 

I  B  3  c 

III  H 


^  ^  ' 


Dziennlk  Zwlazkowy^  May  8,  1918# 


POLISH 


to  the  service  of  a  great  ideal,  will  gather  pledges  from  the  people  to  save 
a  certain  portion  of  their  weekly  earnings  according  to  their  means ,  so  that  by 
the  end  of  the  year,  December  31,  1918,  each  person  will  have  a  miniraum  of  twenty 
dollars  saved.  Naturally,  this  is  not  a  limitation;  whoever  can,  may  save  as 
much  as  a  thousand  dollars* 

It  is  our  opinion  that  no  one  will  refuse  outright  to  make  such  a  pledge,  for 
saving  a  few  cents  a  week  in  order  to  make  up  twenty  dollars  by  the  end  of  the 
year  is  within  the  means  of  everyone*  Even  if  it  were  necessary  to  do  without 
a  few  cigarettes  or  a  few  glasses  of  o^^r,  or  perhaps  a  few  pack&ges  of  gum  or 
candy,  it  would  not  be  so  great  a  sacrifice*  At  the  same  time,  the  opportunity 
of  personal  benefit,  coupled  with  the  fulfillment  of  our  duty  to  both  our  adopted 
and  natural  homelands,  is  such  a  rare  one  that  everyone  ought  to  avail  himself 
of  it  willingly. 


To  many  it  might  seem  that  a  f3w  cents  a  v;eek,  that  is,  twenty  dollars  by  the 


j^  ■•-.ft*^;»pjt;.^T'~--i» 


I  G 

I  B  3  c 

III  H 


-  5  - 


Dziennlk  Zwiazkowy,  May  8,  1918. 


POLISH 


end  of  the  year>  will  not  be  a  very  great  loss  to  the  treasury*  If  we  take 
into  ccmsideration,  however,  that  of  the  one  hundred  and  twenty  million  people 
in  the  United  States,  approximately  eighty  million  are  self-supporting,  and 
that  if  everyone  of  these  saves  at  least  twenty  dollars,  it  will  amount  to 
more  than  a  billion  and  a  half  dollars,  we  come  to  the  conclusion  that  every 
little  bit  is  one  brick  for  the  fortress  this  countr^r  is  building  for  the 
defense  of  the  rights  and  liberties  of  all  humanity. 

Let  no  one  neglect  to  supply  his  little  brick;  let  this  small  saving  that  can 
give  such  great  service  be  a  part  of  anyone's  saving  for  a  **rainy  day".  We 
all  expect  and  we  are  all  awaiting  better  times  in  a  free,  independent,  and 
united  Poland  that  will  reach  t;o  the  sea;  let  that  small  saving  serve  to  pay 
the  cost  of  returning  home  to  our  own  people — and  when  that  moment  arrives,  we 
will  have  long  forgottien  that  that  saving  ever  meant  any  sacrifice  or  that  we 
ever  deprived  ourselves  of  a  few  personal  pleasures. 


I.I  I  ^ 


CO 


I  g 

I  B  3  c 
III  H 


-  6  - 


Dziennik  Zwlazkowy^  May  8,  1918. 


POLISH 


There  should  not  be  a  single  individual  among  the  Poles  who  would  refuse  this 
small,  voluntary  obligation,  for  such  a  refusal  could  not  be  founded  upon  any 
reasonable  grounds  that  could  justify  it;  we  are  certain,  moreover,  that  there 
will  be  no  such  persons • 

In  the  hope  that  these  few  words  of  sxplanation  and  advice  will  find  acceptance 
in  the  widest  possible  circles  of  our  community,  we  submit  to  the  public  the 
information  that  pledges  will  be  taken  during  the  week  of  May  11-18# 


-w 


D 


o 

i  J 


I  G 
III  H 


POLISH 


Dziennlk  Zwiazkowy,  May  8,  1918. 

POLES  IN  FIRST  H.ACS 

Results  of  Iliird  Liberty  Bond  Sale  among 
Foreign  National  Groups 

As  could  have  been  foreseen,  the  Poles  took  first  place  in  the  Third  Liberty 
Loan  campaign.  As  usual,  the  Poles  are  first  where  loyalty  to  the  United 
States  government  is  concerned,  for  they  know  that  the  present  war  concerns 
everyone  who  is  struggling  for  the  democracy  of  the  world  against  Prussian 
militarism.  And  since  the  present  war  concerns  the  Poles  perhaps  even  more 
than  it  does  some  of  the  other  nations  involved^  the  Poles  not  only  are 
creating  an  army  of  their  own  and  contributing  to  the  support  of  that  army, 
but  they  are  first  in  the  purchase  of  Liberty  bon'^s  and  war-savings  stamps* 


The  results  of  the  Third  Liberty  Loan  campaign  txe   as  follows: 


I  G  -  2  -  POLISH 

III  H 

Dziennlk  Zwiazkowy,  May  8,  1918. 

Poles ^5,600,000 

Czechs 5,578,150 

Germans  5,085,000 

Italians  5,300,000 

^Translator's  note:  All  other  foreign  national  groups  in  Chicago  have  been 
omitt3d  in  translation^J^ 

According  to  the  statistics,  one  out  of  every  three  of  the  million  bonds  sold  in 
Chicago  was  purchased  by  a  foreigner. 


-  -1 

*  w 


1-^ 


I  G 
III 
IV 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkov/y,  Iv^ay  7,  1918. 

DEPARTUEE  OF  VOLUNTEERS  TC  TIIE  P0LI£3K  ABIH 
More  Than  160  Volunteers  Bidden  Farewell  at  St.  Josephat*s  Church 

Chicago  gave  proof  yesterday  that  the  Polish  Army  question  is  not  being  neg- 
lected here.  More  than  a  hundred  and  sixty  volunteers  to  the  Polish  Army 
departed  yesterday  for  the  training  camp  at  Niagara-on-the-Lake,  Despite  the 
fact  that  it  is  such  a  small  group,  the  enthusiasm  of  these  men  v;ill  make  up 
for  several  hundred  who  join  the  army  under  compulsion.  Every  one  of  them 
goes  v/ith  the  vo^v  on  his  lips  to  avenge  himself  on  the  Germans  for  the  wrongs 
done  our  country  for  hundreds  of  years,  on  an  enemy  who  is  not  only  an  enemy 
of  Poland  but  of  everything  that  is  not  German,  an  enemy  of  the  whole  world. 


'-V 


At  Center  II 


The  volunteers  from  every  community  gathered  at  the  offices  of  Recruiting 
Center  II,  whither  they  were  led  by  their  local  citizens*  committees.  The 


I  G 

III  D 
IV 


-  2  - 


Dziennlk  Zwiazkowy,  May  7,  1918. 


POLISH 


group  from  Hawthorne  was  most  numerous,  as  usual.  They  arrived  at  the  gathering 
place  with  their  citizens'  committee  and  friends  in  eighteen  automobiles. 


/ 


translator's  note:  List  of  members  of  Ha;rthorne  (Cicero)  Citizens*  Committee 
has  been  omitted  in  i^ranslationj^ 

There  y;ere  also  several  recinaits  from  Milwaukee,  toivns  in  Nebraska,  and  other 
places •  As  usual,  a  great  throng  of  people  gathered  in  front  of  the  recruiting 
station  to  give  the  volunteers  a  send-off. 

Ceremony  in  Church 

After  the  roll  was  called  and  a  photograph  taken,  the  procession  started.  The 
American  flag  was  carried  by  Ivliss  Stephanie  Bauer,  appropriately  dressed,  the 
French  flag  by  Miss  Valentina  Gralek  in  French  costurr.e,  and  the  Polish  flag  by 
Miss  Constance  A,  Swiatkowski,  in  Polish  costume.  The  procession  marched  to 
St.  Josephat's  Church  with  the  Kipkowski  Brothers*  Band  at  the  head. 


I  G 
HID 


-  3  - 


Dzlennlk  Zwiazkowy,  May  7,  1918 < 


POLISH 


Solemn  High  Mass  was  celebrated  in  church  by  the  local  pastor »  Reverend  Francis 
Ostrowski,  assisted  by  the  Reverends  Joseph  Schenke  and  Francis  Tyrcha.  The 
sermon,  delivered  by  the  Reverend  Tyrcha,  was  so  heartfelt  that  it  brought  tears 
to  many  eyes«  It  is  unfortunate  that  we  cannot  give  the  sermon  in  its  entirety* 
At  the  conclusion  of  the  ceremony,  the  Reverend  Ostrowski  distributed  medallions 
among  the  volunteers,  at  the  same  time  giving  them  his  benediction*  While  me- 
dallions were  being  distributed,  the  Kipkowski  Brothers*  Band  played  **Boze  Cos 
Folske**  (GfOd  Save  Poland)  • 

Farewell  Banquet  at  Parish  Hall 

From  church,  the  procession  marched  to  the  parish  hall,  where  a  generous  banquet 
awaited  the  volunteers  and  invited  guests*  The  main  table  was  occupied  by  the 
Reverends  Ostrowski,  Schenke,  and  Tyrcha,  representatives  of  the  press,  and 
guests*  Since  so  many  volunteers  had  not  been  expected,  there  were  not  enough 
places  for  all  of  the  guests  and  many  of  them  had  to  wait  until  places  were 
vacant*  Before  the  banquet  began.  Reverend  Ostrowski  said  a  prayer,  after  which 


CO 


c: 


I  G 
III  D 


-  4  - 


Dzlennik  Zwiazkowy,  May  7,  1918. 


POLISH 


the  company  ate  heartily  of  the  food  prepared  by  the  women  of  the  local  parish. 

At  the  conclusion  of  the  banquet ,  Father  Ostrowski  delivered  a  short ,  sincere 
address  in  which  he  bade  farewell  to  the  volunteers  in  behalf  of  the  clergy  and 
parish  of  St.  Josephat.  Before  the  Company  arose  from  the  tables,  he  said  another  j^ 
prayer.  The  Kipkowski  Brothers*  Band  played  throughout  the  course  of  the  banquet*  r^ 

Parade  in  Loop 

After  the  banquet  was  over,  the  volunteers  formed  ranks  to  receive  their  expense  ^} 
money  from  Recruiting  Officer  A.  Wolski^  and  the  lunches  that  were  prepared  by 
the  women  of  the  parish.  The  procession  then  moved  to  the  streetcars  that  were 
chartered  for  this  occasion.  To  the  music  of  the  band  and  the  cheers  of  the 
surrounding  throng ,  they  left  for  the  Loop,  where  they  again  formed  ranks  for  a 
parade  through  the  principal  streets  to  the  railroad  station  in  Dearborn  Street. 
At  4:40  P.  M. ,  the  volunteers  boarded  the  train,  and  amid  cheers,  tears,  and 
farewells,  to  the  strains  of  band  music,  they  left  for  Niagara«-on-the-lake ;  from 


•: — > 


r  "^ 


I  G 
III  D 
17 


-  5  - 


POLISH 


Dzlennlk  Zwiazkowy^  May  7,  1918. 


where,  after  adequate  training,  they  will  go  to  France  to  join  the  Polish  Army. 
•  ••to  avenge  themselves  upon  the  Germcms  for  wrongs  done  to  Poland  for  hundreds 
of  years*  It  should  be  added  here  that  the  veterans  of  the  Spemish-Anierican 
War 9  John  Szukala  and  Z«  Wisniewski,  participated  in  the  parade  as  standard- 
bearers  • 


During  the  parade  through  the  Loop,  American  spectators  saw  by  the  posters  that 
these  were  volunteers  leaving  for  the  training  camp  and  they  cheered  for  our 
boys  and  for  the  Polish  Army«  Great  enthusiasm  could  be  seen  among  the  Americans 
who,  upon  finding  out  that  these  were  volunteers,  had  not  words  enough  to  praise 
the  Poles*  Among  the  many  Americans  present  at  the  railroad  station  was  Carl 
Bronson,  representative  of  the  Los  Angeles  Evening  Herald,  who  was  actually  un- 
able to  express  the  effect  this  farewell  had  upon  him.  He  was  most  impressed 
by  the  volunteers  who,  as  he  said,  are  real  patriots  and  are  going  to  fight  be- 
cause they  understand  the  significance  of  the  present  war  and  the  duty  of  evezy 
man^  As  the  train  started,  Bronson  shook  hemds  with  many  of  the  volunteers, 
wishing  them  victory  and  most  of  all,  to  "get  the  Kaiser" •  In  his  conversation 


I  G 
III 
IV 


-  6  - 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  l.'ay  7,  191 


FCII3H 


O 


with  .7.  Grabowski,  representative  of  Dzieixiiik  Zv/iazkowy,  Eronson  said  that  he 
had  heard  very  nuch  about  the  farewells  ci'^'cii  Polish  volunteers  11  Chicatj:o,  and 
that  the  reason  v;hy  he  hcid  cone  to  ^hicji^go  v;as  to  be  present  at  so  significant 
a  moment.  His  impressions  on  this  occasion,  h-j  said,  would  be  useful  to  him  in 
the  history  he  is  going  to  v;riue.  Cur  volunteers  made  such  ai:  impression  on  hin 
that  he  could  not   rind  words  enou^:h  to  praise  them  or  to  descrice  the  effect • 


•^ 


\^ 


During  the  farewells,  there  were  both  despairiii^^  and  pleasant  :.o:,ients.  Among 
those  present,  we  saw  I.'.rs.  Rozycki,  v;ife  of  V/.  Rozycki,  orp-anizer  for  Center  II, 
bidding  gcod-by  to  her  son.  Younf*  Rozycki,  .vho  is  just  barely  eighteen,  seeinp; 
the  tears  of  his  li.cther,  who  feared  "Ghat  she  mif.ht  never  see  him  aveain,  tried  to 
cheer  her  up  by  smiling^  There  should  oe  ir.ore  such  boys,  for  althoup:h  their 
mothers  are  dear  to  them,  their  homeland  should  be  dearer*  A  certain  Anthony 
Klonowski,  who  lives  at  2147  //est  18th  Street,  said  to  his  son  V7ith  tears  in 
his  eyes  '^Good-by,  my  son,  I  am  proud  to  see  you  leave  as  a  volunteer  oo  the 
Polish  .irio^^o   I  aia  not  weeping  for  sorrow,  but  for  joy  that  I  raised  such  a  son 
v/ho  will  go  to  fight  the  Germans^"  We  also  noticed  L!rs#  Karwinski,  of  2301 


I  G 
III  D 
17 


--  1   ^ 


Dziennik  Zwiazkov/y,   !;!ay  7,   1918. 


PCLI5H 


'.Vest  22nd  Street,  and  I.'rs.  DaLro'.vski,  also  of  22nd  Street,  who  like  roany  other 
mothers,  sisters,  and  fiancees,  had  co:;e  to  the  station  to  Gintrace,  perhaps  for 
the  last  tine,  a  dearest,  one  who  was  leavinr  to  fi£:ht  against  the  base  Prussians. 

It  is  v/ell  nifh  impossible  to  describe  the  last  nioments  of  farewell.  There  was 
no  lack  of  kisses,  e^ .braces,  and  lautual  good  wishes,  tut  there  was  also  no  lack 
of  tears  even  thoue;h  the  volunteers  sought  to  cheer  up  those  whom  they  were 
leaving  behind  by  assuring  them  that  they  v/ould  return  as  victors,  so  that  we 
might  all  ^o  back  to  a  free  and  independent  Poland^ 

l,!ay  it  be  soonl 


^> 


I   G 

III  B  2 
I  C 


POLISH 


Dziexinlk  Zwlazkowy^  Apr.   26,   1918 • 


L3T  US   ■JJEIZV2  FIRST  FLiGIJ 

(Editorial) 

On  Llay  4  the  period  of  time  set  by  the  United  States  government  for  the  raisins   -5 
of  three  billion  dollars  throuch  the  sals  of  Third  Liberty  Loan  bonds  comes  to    -^ 
an  end.  To  us,  the  Pole.:,  the  few  days  left  to  that  period  are  extremely 
important •  Our  ambition  ou^ht  to  be  to  outstrip  all  other  nationalities  in 
the  race  to  purchase  Third  Liberty  Loan  bonds  and  put  ourselves  in  first  place.   : ;" 
At  present,  we  are  in  second  place  in  the  Chica/'O  district,  although,  just  a 
few  days  ago,  wc  were  in  fourth.  The  Germans  are  still  in  first  place,  having 
purchased  bonds  to  the  sun  of  .5)2,106,650,  while  the  Poles  have  bought  one  million 
seven  hundred  and  fifty  thousand  dollars  v/orth. 

Let  us  beat  the  Germans!  V/e  have  outstripped!  the  Jev/s  and  the  Czechs,  but  our 
duty  is  to  beat  the  Germans.  Of  the  iiami^^rant  nationalities  in  the  United  States, 
we  oucht  not  to  allov;  the  Germans  to  lead.  For  political  reasons  at  least,  v/e 


^    o 


rOLIoIi 


III   3   2 
I   G 


Dzie:i::ik  Z\via::'>.o\;;v'^   .^^r,    ;jG,    iSlc3. 


ouslit  to   see  to   it   thut   the  lole:: ,   n.:)t   the  Gtijrrx^ns,   hold  Tii-^st  place   in  the 

sale  or   Jhir'i  Lioeri.y  Lo:-.n  bonds,      .nien  v/e  have   achieved  tliat  first  place, 

not  only  v;ili  v;e  stand  'nl^i  in  the  eyes  of  the  patrio:;ic  .iineriCaii  public  but, 

in  addition,  v;e  v/ill  have  tlie  full  rijhl;  to   call  upon  that  .xinerican  "oublic 

for  aid  to  Poland.     Airtherriiore ,   v;e  v;ill  iiave  ;^7iin3d  tlie  coiiplete  confivlence 

of  the    jTierioan  peoolo,   v/ldcji  in  the  TjrjscnL  tiiaes — v;hat  v;ith  risin^:!:  nationalistic^ 

anta^onisn — is  extre^iely  important.  P 


Beyond  the  ^^^^^"^1  duty  of  roles  to   purcliase  Thinl  Liberty  Loan  bonds,  we  me];!- 
bers  of  the  Polish  national  alliance  jiave  a  special  duty,   naiiely,   to  purcjiase 
these  bonds  throu^li  the  Polish  national  -alliance,   v;hic]i  has  special  ar)plications 
for  this  pui^ose  from  V/ashinjton.     In  coiuiection  v;it}i  this  inatter,   an  appeal 
froin  the  central  administntioa  of   the  Polish  national  Alliance  appears  in  an 
adjoining  col^jxin  ivhich  every  i'llliance  i.ionber  should  not  only  read  but  act  upon. 
As  nenbjr^  of  f'.o  Alliance,   it  sliould  be  cur  concern  that  through  us,  our 
or^'^nization  should  e^-ain  reco^aiition  and   influence.     \le  are  convinced  that 


o 

CO 


I  g 

III  B  2 

I  c 


-  5  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zvaazlco\^^,  Apr.  26,  1918 


Alliance  members  liave  puix^hased  or  will  purchase  nearlj''  a  million  dollars' 
iTorth  of  bonds.  At  the  present  time,  however,  that  action  is  scattered, 
and  the  credit  which  the  Polish  National  iilliance  deserves  for  the  loyalty 
of  its  members  to  the  United  States  is  lost,  for  it  is  impossible  to  shovj  the 
exact  sum  for  which  Alliance  members  have  subscribed  to  the  Third  Liberty 
Loan,  although  they  were  probably  among  the  first  to  answer  the  appeal.  In 
order  that  this  should  not  be  so  in  the  future,  the  central  administration 
has  made  it  possible  for  members  to  purchase  their  bonds  through  the  Polish 
National  Alliance* 

We  call  upon  all  members  of  the  Polish  National  /illiance  to  act  upon  the  appeal 
that  has  been  issued,  for  in  this  way  they  vdll  help  not  only  their  organization 
but  themselves  as  well.  Tlie  iJLliance,  having:  received  credit  for  the  sale  of 
several  million  dollars',  or  at  least  a  sinide  million  dollars*  v/orth  of  bonds, 
vrf.ll  immediately  come  to  the  fore  of  those  loyal  institutions  that  hasten  with 
the  greatest  aid  to  the  government.  It  is  understood  that  as  a  result,  the 


I  G 

III  B  2 
I  G 


-  4  - 


POLISH 


Dzieimik  Zydazkotvy ,  Apr.  26,  1918, 


Alliance  vrould  gain  the  influence  it  deserves,  which  it  could  then  use  for 
the  benefit  of  its  members  in  more  v/ays  than  one. 

Let  us  buy  Liberty  bonds  then,  but  let  us  hviy   then  throu£:h  the  Polish  National 
Alliance  in  order  to  achieve  first  place  not  only  for  the  Poles  but  for  our    ^ 
organization  also.  ^^ 


I  G 


POLISH 


Dzierinik  ZiWiazkov/y,   Apr.    23,   1918  • 


OUH  DUTIES  TO  ffillS  COUITTIG- 


(j^dioorial) 


Our  duties  to  this  country  are  not  liinited  to  a  sinnle  act  of  patriotisiri 
but  include  continous  service  the  year  around  until  the  end  of  the  v;ar«  The 
mere  purchacie  of  a  Liberty  bond  does  not  close  our  v;hole  series  of  duties, 
even  after  ever^^  last  cent  has  been  placed  in  Liberty  bonds.  *'e  should  aid 
the  government  in  v/inning  this  v;ar  even  to  the  extent  of  all  our  future  earnings 
and  all  our  future  savinr;sa 


-J 

3 


The  Liberty  bond  campai^  vjill  soon  come  to  an  end.  Tliere  is  no  doubt  that  the 
liOaTi  "'all  be  oversubscribed.  But  the  ^.ovemment  v/ill  continue  to  need  more 
and  more  money,  v;hich  it  is  trying;  to  raise  throu^Ji  the  sale  of  7;ar  savings 
stamr)s. 


' ) 


It  is  the  desire  of  the  goverament  to  sell  these  stamps  re^^larly,  every  day 


IG 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


Dziannik  Zwiazkowy.  Apr 


1918. 


and  eveiy  week  of  the  year,  for  a  regular,  uninterrupted  flow  of  money  will 
prevent  disturbance  in  financial  conditions*  Koney  for  this  purpose  must 
come  from  present  earnings,  not  from  accumulated  savings. 


For  the  above  reasons,  the  government  expects  every  man,  woman,  and  child  to 
obligate  himself  to  save  a  small  sum  every  week  for  the  purchase  of  these  stamps. 
The  sum  can  be  small,  or  it  can  be  large,  depending  upon  individual  earnings, 
but  it  must  be  regular.  It  must  be  an  actual  sacrifice,  a  self-abnegation  for 
the  benefit  of  our  country.  If  the  people  of  America  are  not  willing  to  sacri- 
fice, but  are  merely  willing  to  lend  their  surpluses,  how  can  they  expect  vic- 
tory of  the  American  armed  forces?  And  how  will  the  war  be  financed  after  the 
surpluses  are  gone? 

Below  a  few  suggestions  are  made,  some  of  v;hich  have  already  been  used  with  good 
results  in  increasing  the  purchase  of  war  savings  stamps. 


.:i.- 


I  g 

II  B  1  a 

III  B  2 

III  H 

IV  POLISH  ARlff  HALLY  lEDLD  EI  ST.    CASILHR'S  PARISH 


POLISH 


Dzlennik  Zwlazkoiwy,  Apr.  22,  1918. 


Through  the  efforts  of  the  local  citizens'  committee  of  St.  Casimir's  Parish, 
of  which  the  Reverend  W.  Furrnan  is  pastor,  a  great  rally  was  held  yesterday  at 
Troy  Hall,  23rd  and  Troy  Streets,  for  the  benefit  of  the  Polish  Array.  Despite 
the  bad  weather,  the  hall  was  filled  to  capacity  with  young  and  old.  Among 
the  audience,  a  number  of  women  were  to  be  seen. 

The  Reverend  W.  Furman  was  chairman  of  the  rally  and  J,  Drzewiecki  acted  as 
secretary.  J.  llowosielski's  band  played  during  the  rally,  rendering  mostly 
Polish  songs.  Father  Furiaan  opened  the  rally  with  a  short  addi^ss,  after  which 
the  program  followed.  The  first  niunber  was  a  beautiful  vocal  solo  by  Raczynski, 
to  the  piano  accompaniment  of  his  sister,  Clara  Raczynski,  for  which  he  was 
rewarded  with  thunderous  applause. 


-T3 


The  first  speaker  was  the  Reverend  J.  ^^ro,  pastor  of  the  Polish  parish  in 
IVhiting,  Indiana.  He  outlined  the  history  of  Poland,  pointing  out  that  for 


I  G 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  Apr.  22,  1918. 


II  B  1  a 

III  B  2 
III  H 

17    centuries  Poland  VTas  the  bulwark  of  Christianity,  that  on  the  west 

they  were  forced  to  defend  themselves  against  the  Gerraans,  while  on  the 
east  they  defended  all  Christianity  against  the  Tartar  and  Turkish  hordes. 
Reverend  L^iaro  then  spoke  of  the  present  times,  encouraging  young  men  to  enlist 
in  the  Polish  Army  in  the  greatest  possible  numbers,  for  the  Polish  array  will 
fight  not  only  for  the  freedom  of  Poland  but  for  the  rights  of  all  humanity. 
His  patriotic  address  was  rewarded  with  seraingly  unceasing  applause. 

The  next  number  was  a  patriotic  recitation  by  IJiss  Ivlary  Brozda,  which  was  also 
liberally  applauded. 

Lieutenant  /JJ  Wolski,  Chief  recruiting  officer  for  Center  II,  then  spoke 
with  his  usual  ease.  He  concluded  his  address  by  reading  a  letter  from  one 
of  the  Polish  volunteers  in  France.  Following  this  address.  Miss  F.  Brodzin^ki 
rendered  a  pisaio  solo. 


Victor  ir'ijanowski,  a  member  of  the  local  citizens*  committee,  then  presented 


I  G 


-  3  - 


POLISH 


Dzlennik  Zwiazkowy,  Apr.  22,  1913. 


II  B  1  a 

III  B  2 
III  H 

17    U.   G-rzegorek,  the  first  volunteer  to  the  Polish  Army  from  this  com- 
munity, with  ten  dollars,  which  he  donated  out  of  his  own  pocket. 


Miss  Emily  Napieralski,  secretary  general  of  the  Polish  V/onen's  Alliance  in 
America,  next  delivered  a  beautiful  and  patriotic  address,  after  which  she 
presented  L.  Borowski,  the  second  volunteer  to  the  Polish  Army,  with  a  gold 
watch,  donated  by  Father  Fuman. 

Sergeant  Joseph  Ghojnacki,  recruiting  officer  for  St.  Gasimir^s  Parish,  spoke 
next,  urging  enlistment  in  the  Polish  Army.  There  was  one  volunteer,  Andrev/ 
lianka,  who  will  also  be  rewarded  with  a  gold  watch,  to  be  donated  by  I^.  Daniel 


3> 


o 

CO 


Ivlany  others  then  offered  donations;  the  Reverend  Zelezinski,  vicar  of  St. 
Casimir's  Parish,  gave  a  gold  watch;  L.   Drzewiecki,  a  pair  of  field  glasses, 
so  that  the  soldier  who  gets  them  may  see  the  Germans  while  they  are  still 
far  away;  and  I<Irs.  Jeziema,  a  gold  ^vatch. 


I  Gr 


-  4  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  Apr.  22,  1918. 


II  B  1  a 

III  B  2 

III  H 

IV  After  these  declarations,  ifather  i?\irman  appointed  a  coiTiTiiittee  to  take 
up  a  collection.  The  coliectioa  netted  ,p50.15,  of  which  five  dollars 

\vas  set  aside  for  each  of  three  volunteers  to  the  Polish  rOiny  fron  Good 
Shepherd  Parish  who  v/ere  present  in  the  hall.  ATto' the  singing  of  "Boze  Cos 
Polske"  (God  Save  Poland),  the  rally  came  to  an  end.  At  the  conclusion  of 
the  rally,  the  Reverend  Furman  invited  the  speakers  and  the  representatives 
of  the  Dress  to  his  home  for  a  little  reception. 


The  local  citizens'  committee  wishes  to  thank  all  those  who  co-operated  in 
making  the  rally  a  success,  and  especially  J.  J.  Ilowosielski,  who  supplied  the 
music  free  of  charge. 


The  citizens*  ccmniittee  of  St.  Gasimir's  Parish  consists  of:  The  Heverend 
XL   Furman,  honorary  president;  John  Sliwa,  president;  John  Tenerowicz,  vice- 
president;  L.  Drzewiecki,  recording:  secretary;  F.  Cpila,  financial  secretary; 
and  W.  Pijanowski,  treasurer. 


I  G 
III  A 
IV 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwlazkowy,  Apr.  20,  1918 • 


NOTES  ON  THE  TIURD  LIBERTY  LOi\K  C^JPAIC2I 


The  Polish  district  on  the  Northwest  Side,  including  the  Fifteenth,  Sixteenth, 
and  Seventeenth  Wards,  is  extremely  busy,  according  to  the  latest  figures. 
More  than  three  hundred  thousand  dollars*  worth  of  Liberty  bonds  have  been 
purchased  by  the  Poles  in  this  district,  reports  VL   S.  Zwiefka,  chairman  for 
the  district. 


A  Polish  woman  applied  at  one  of  the  banks  in  a  Polish  community  to  purchase 
five  thousand  dollars'  worth  of  Liberty  bonds.  She  brought  her  money  in  a 
bag  containing  gold  pieces,  currency,  and  even  dimes,  nickels,  and  pennies* 

Joseph  Ruszkiewicz,  assistant  city  treasurer,  has  charge  of  the  campaign  in 
the  Seventeenth  vVard,  where  the  sale  of  bonds  is  reaching  even  greater  pro- 
portions.  "Up  to  this  time,"  says  Ruszkiewicz,  "we  have  sold  more  than 
seventy  thousand  dollars'  worth  of  bonds.  You  may  be  sure  that  the  Seventeenth 
Ward  will  be  a  leader  in  the  campaign  for  'pills  for  the  Kaiser' •  For  you  may 


I  G 

III  A 
IV 


-  2  - 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  Aprl  20,  1918. 


POLISH 


be  sure  that  every  dollar  spent  for  a  Liberty  bond  is  a  poisonous  pill  for  the 
Kaiser." 


The  following  is  an  alphabetical  list  of  Polish  speakers  v;ho  are  giving  their 
time  and  effort  in  speaking  for  the  Third  Liberty  Loan  campaign: 

M#  S.  Adamczyk,  Stanley  Adamkiewicz,  Francis  0.   Bare,  Andrew  0.   Bisek,  M. 
Bozinch,  Francis  A#  Brodnicki,  Julius  G.   Brenza,  Stephen  R.  Carynski,  Felix 
M*  Chmielewicz,  John  Czekala,  5.  C.  Cyzio,  Anthony  Gzarnecki,  Francis  P. 
Danisch,  Leon  Drwenski,  Martin  3.   Furman,  Francis  R.  Janiszewski,  Judge 
Edmund  K.  Jarecki,  Vincent  Jozwiakowski ,  Mrs,  L.   Kadow,  Vincent  F.   Kaszuba,  T. 
Stan,  Stephen  L.  Kolandwski,  John  S.  Konopa,  Juliusz  F.  Smietanka,  Theodore 
Szmergalski,  Anthony  J.  7/lodarski,  Reverend  F.   V/ojtalewicz,  Lav.xence  Zygmunt, 
B.  F.   Kowalewski,  R.  J.  Kowalewski,  Ignace  Kowalski,  Julian  Kwasigroch,  Andrew 
Lasecki,  Louis  Lesnicki,  Joseph  L#  Lisak,  Anthony  N*  Mazurk,  Joseph  Mierzynski, 
Peter  R#  Mindak,  Miss  Emily  Napieralski,  Joseph  Niemiel,  John  Nering,  A.  Nowak, 
Leon  G.   Nyka,  Walter  J.  Orlikowski,  Francis  Osuch,  J.  Pelka,  Michael  J*  Perlowski, 


I  G 
III  A 
IV 


-  3  - 


Dziennlk  Zwiazkowy,  Apr.  20,  1918. 


POLISH 


WPAriLDPROJ.  302/5 


Wenceslaus  Perzynski,  Walter  J.  Prybylinski ,  Valentine  Roszkowdak,  S.  K.  Sass, 
Andrew  J.  Schultz,  Peter  H.  Schwaba,  Felix  T,  Serocinski,  F.  J,  Tomczak,  J.  a. 
Wedda,  Albert  ".Yachowski,  Alexander  Wisniev;ski,  3.  Zukovjski,  and  Vincent  S. 
Zwlefka. 


P.  S.  Bare,  secretary. 


I  G 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwlazkowy,  Apr.  19,  1918. 

POLSS  AlID   THE  THIRD  LIBERTY  LOM 

(Editorial) 

There  is  no  doubt  that  the  Third  Liberty  Loan  of  the  United  States  will  be 
subscribed  in  the  designated  period  of  time,  with  the  same  excess  of  willing 
purchasers  as  in  the  First  and  Second  Liberty  Loans.  In  truth,  the  latest 
reports  show  that  tha  demand  for  bonds  is  smaller  than  it  should  be,  but  the 
same  condition  was  observed  in  the  last  two  campaigns.  Only  in  the  final 
days  of  the  campaigns  did  the  demand  increase  to  such  an  extent  that  not  only 
was  the  quota  filled  but  there  was  a  substantial  oversubscription. 


The  same  will  be  true  of  this  Third  Liberty  Loan,  for  certainly  everyone  knows 
that  the  bonds  of  such  a  power  as  the  United  States  are  perhaps  the  best  and 
safest  investment  in  the  world.  It  is  no  wonder  that  business  concerns,  ban^cs, 
and  financial  institutions  of  all  kinds  are  investing  great  sums  of  money  in 
Liberty  bonds* 


I  G 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy^  Apr.  19,  1918. 

True,  the  purchase  of  bonds  is  none  too  great  in  the  first  stages  of  the 
campaign;  it  is  the  best  opportunity  for  us  Poles  to  obtain  them  and  thus 
not  only  make  a  good  investment  but  help  in  winning  the  war,  which  is  not 
only  a  war  for  the  United  States  but  for  us,  for  Poland;  for  this  is  un- 
doubtedly our  last  war  for  independence.  It  is,  perhaps,  even  more  the 
duty  of  the  Poles  to  buy  Liberty  bonds  than  of  Americans,  for  every  bond 
purchased  by  a  Pole  is  one  step  further  toward  our  ^^oland's/  freedom;  while 
for  the  free,  powerful,  and  independent  United  States,  the  purchase  of  a 
bond  is  merely  a  step  toward  the  triumph  of  democracy,  for  which  this  coun- 
try has  \mdertaken  to  fight. 

Let  us^  therefore,  buy  bonds  now,  while  there  is  still  an  opportiinity  for 
the  less  wealthy,  before  large  capital  begins  to  move.  In  addition,  the 
eyes  of  the  American  Government  are  upon  us,  for  that  government  has  under- 
taken this  war  primarily  in  defense  of  the  oppressed  peoples »  and  among  these, 
the  Poles.  In  order  to  have  proof  of  the  extent  to  which  we  Poles  are  trying 
to  help  America,  and  by  the  same  token,  Poland,  to  win  the  war,  the  Government 


C.-r 


I  G 


-  3  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy>  Apr.  19,  1918. 

of  the  United  States  has  granted  the  request  of  Polish  representatives  that 
applications  made  by  Poles  for  Liberty  bonds  bear  the  words  **Polish  Branch,** 
thus  signifying  the  purchase  of  bonds  by  Poles*  Our  duty,  certainly,  is  to 
give  proof  of  our  loyalty  to  this  country,  and  not  only  to  help  this  country 
with  all  the  strength  we  possess,  not  only  to  give  our  blood,  but  to  aid  with 
our  money  in  the  work  the  United  States  has  undertaken;  for  money,  money,  and 
yet  more  money  is  necessary  to  insure  victory.  Let  us  give  that  money,  then, 
not  as  a  tax,  not  as  a  gift,  for  the  wealthy  United  States  does  not  need  our 
gifts,  but  as  a  loan,  on  good  interest  and  on  the  safest  terms  in  the  world. 


We  held  a  prominent  place  in  the  campaigns  for  the  first  two  Loans,  but  we  had 
no  proof  of  the  extent  to  which  the  Poles  placed  their  savings  into  Liberty 
bonds.  At  present,  thanks  to  the  Polish  section  and  a] propriately-marked  ap- 
plication blanks,  we  have  such  proof.  Unfortunately,  on  the  list  of  foreign 
national  groups  purchasing  bonds  in  Chicago  we  are  not  in  first  plaoe  as  we 
oxight  to  be.  From  the  latest  reports,  the  Bohemians,  Jews,  and  Germans  are 
ahead  of  us.  In  the  ten  days  of  the  campaign,  the  Bohemians  purchased  bonds 


I  G 


-  4  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  Apr*  19,  1918. 

for  1850,000,  the  Jews  for  $800,000,  and  the  Germans  for  ^700,000.  We  are  in 
fourth  place,  having  subscribed  to  the  loan  to  the  sum  of  $650, 000 •  This  is 
not  bad  in  view  of  the  fact  that  all  three  of  these  national  groups  are,  as 
groups,  wealthier  than  we  are.  But  on  the  other  hand,  we  are  more  numerous, 
and  by  the  very  number  of  small  purchases  we  should  top  the  wealthier  groups 
of  other  nationalities.  This  should  be  our  ambition  today,  and  during  the 
next  week  we  should  agitate  among  our  fellow  countrymen,  so  that  here  in 
Chicago  we  will  stand  at  the  head  of  the  foreign  list  of  bond  purchasers.  Such 
is  our  duty  not  only  to  the  United  States,  but  to  Poland. 


-» 

-* 


<.J^ 


I  G 
III  A 

III  H 

1  K 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  Apr.  17,  1918. 
A  FEW  WORDS  ABOUT  THE  PRESENT  LIBERTY  LOAN 


(Editorial  on  Women's  Page) 

The  third  Liberty  Loan  bonds  which  are  now  on  sale,  have  a  special  significance 
to  the  Poles,  and  we  ought  to  support  this  loan  even  more  strongly  than  the 
previous  loans* 

We  would  like  to  explain  to  our  women  readers  the  reasons  why  the  present 
Liberty  Loan  bonds  should  be  purchased  by  us  especially*  In  the  first  place, 
although  the  Poles  invested  a  great  deal  of  money  in  the  first  two  loans,  it 
brought  us  no  credit  as  a  nation,  for  there  was  no  indication  on  bond  applica- 
tions that  the  bond  was  purchased  by  a  Pole;  it  was  all  credited  to  the  people 
of  America,  while  later,  the  question  was  asked,  '*Did  the  Poles  support  the 
Liberty  Loans  and  can  they  prove  it  by  any  results?** 


^  -so 


At  present,  however,  the  Poles  have  arranged  it  so  that  we  will  be  credited 


I  G 
III  A 
III  H 
I  K 


-  2  - 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  Apr,  17,  1918. 


POLISH 


with  the  bonds  which  we  purcliase. 


Credit  will  be  given  us  in  that  on  each  application  that  we  fill  out  will  be 
staraped  the  words  ^^Polish  Branch**;  every  single  one  of  us  must  ask  for  such  an 
application  and  no  other*  If  the  locality  in  which  a  Pole  who  is  purchasing  a 
Liberty  bond  has  no  applications  staraped  in  this  way,  he  himself  can  write  in 
the  words  **Polish  Branch,'*  and  that  will  be  entirely  satisfactory.  To  prove 
how  necessary  it  is  that  we  specify  our  nationality,  we  will  cite,  as  an  example, 
the  fact  that  at  the  end  of  the  last  Liberty  Loan  campaign,  certain  American 
newspapers  which  have  always  been  unfavorable  to  the  Poles,  mentioned  practically 
every  other  nationality  that  purchased  Liberty  bonds,  but  failed  to  mention  us, 
v/hile  we  had  nothing  by  which  to  prove  the  amount  of  money  invested  by  the  Poles 
in  that  loan— and  we  know  well  that  it  was  a  large  amount « 


CiO 


Let  us  think,  then,  hov;  great  the  benefit  to  the  Polish  cause  will  be  if  we  buy 
bonds  and  indicate  that  it  is  Poles  who  are  buying  theml  Let  us  go  to  work 


I  G 


-  3  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  Apr,  17,  1918. 


Ill  A 
III  H 
I  K 

energetically  aiid  prove  that  we  are  one  of  the  laost  loyal  national  groups 
in  AiTierica,  despite  the  fact  that  we  do  not  forsake  our  Polish  nationality,  but 
rather  place  emphasis  on  it  every\^;here  and  al;vays» 

The  time  has  passed,  thank  God,  when  certain  unenlightened  Poles  were  ashamed 
to  admit  that  they  were  Polish*  Today,  every  one  of  us  is  proud  of  his  or  her 
Polish  descent,  and  our  nation  is  winning  ever  greater  sympathy  and  recognition 
among  people  of  other  nations. 

Let  us  hold  high  our  national  standard  by  supporting  the  aims  of  democratic 
America  and  its  president,  for  only  by  working  hand  in  hand  for  them  can  we 
realize  our  own  aims— a  united  and  independent  Poland. 


I  G 

II  B  2  d  (1) 

III  C 
IV 


POLISH 


Dzlennlk  Zwlazkowy,  Apr»  16,  1918» 


POLISH  LIBERTY  BOND  CAMPAIGN 


(Publicity  Cammittee  Press  Release) 

On  Friday  afternoon,  a  meeting  of  the  publicity  committee  of  the  Polish  Liberty 
Loan  Bond  Committee  was  held  at  the  Polish  Roman  Catholic  Union  Hall.  S. 
S25wajkart,  editor  in  chief  of  Dziennik  Chicagoski^  and  also  chairman  of  the 
committee,  presided*  In  addition,  the  following  members  were  present  at  the 
meeting:  H.  Lokanski  of  Dziennik  Zwiazkowy^  Z.   Stefanowicz  of  Dziennik 
Narodowy ,  L.  Lesnicki  of  Kuryer  Polski>  and  F.  S.   Bare,  who  was  named  secretary 
of  the  committee*  A  delegation  from  the  Union  of  Polish  Priests,  consisting  of 
the  Reverends^  J.  Objrrtacz,  F*  Feldman,  and  Warakomski,  also  attended*  Standing 
guard  over  polish/  national  affairs,  this  delegation  justly  maintained  that 
such  causes  as,  for  example,  the  polish/  national  tax  and  aid  to  the  Polish 
Army,  are  not  given  the  popular  support  which  their  importance  merits.  These 
matters  were  discussed  from  all  sides  in  the  search  for  a  remedy.  It  was  finally 


3> 


C5 


CO 

• — I 

U1 


I  G  -  2  -  POLISH 

II  B  2  d  (1) 

III  C  Dzlennik  Zwiazkowy,  Apr.  16,  1918. 
17 

decided  that  the  press  should  give  its  complete  support  to  these 
causes,  even  to  the  extent  of  subordinating  other  matters,  in  order  that  there 
may  be  no  delay,  and  that  everyone  may  be  reached. 

In  reference  to  the  Liberty  Loan  campaign,  it  was  remarked  that  the  Poles, 
despite  the  fact  that  they  are  doing  everything  possible,  are  not  receiving 
proper  recognition  in  the  American  press.  The   secretary  was  accordingly  in- 
structed, by  the  consent  of  the  administration  of  the  Polish  Committee,  to  com- 
municate with  the  Central  Liberty  Bond  Headquarters  and  demand  that  this  condition 
be  rectified.  Eventually,  he  is  to  send  information  to  the  Central  Headquarters 
on  how  Liberty  bond  sales  are  progressing  in  Polish  communities.  Every  dollar 
spent  to  purchase  Liberty  bonds  is  a  bitter,  poisonous  pill  for  the  Kaiser.  In 
this  case,  also,  the  Polish  press  will  do  its  part,  for  it  was  agreed  that  during 
the  course  of  the  campaign,  each  newspaper  will  carry  one  main  article  each  week 
in  addition  to  smaller  articles  and  the  latest  news. 


CD 


The  Poles  ought  to  participate  to  the  greatest  possible  extent  in  this  campaign. 


Dziennilc  Zsylazkowy,  Apr.   16,  1918. 


I  G  -  3  -  POLISH 

II  B  2  d  (1) 

III  C 
17 

They  should  prove  not  only  that  they  are  loyal  citizens  of  the  United 
States  but  that  they  are  also  grateful  for  what  our  great  President  has  done 
for  Poland. 


In  order  to  spread  this  campaign  and  insure  its  success,  the  secretary  was  :p> 
instructed  to  write  frequent  press  releases  for  the  daily  papers,  not  only  of  ^ 
the  campaign's  development  but  of  the  results*  In  order  to  accomplish  this,  £^ 
he  mwst  keep  in  touch  with  the  Central  Headquarters  and  the  Polish  headquarters;  -^ 
in  addition,  speakers  and  ccmimittees  €ire  respectfully  requested  to  communicate  c^ 
their  speeches  and  the  proceedings  of  meetings  to  the  secretary,  at  3139  North 
Ridgeway  Avenue;  telephone:  Monticello  1850;  and  he  will  submit  them  to  the 
newspapers • 

We  cannot  neglect  this  matter.  We  must  prove  that  the  Poles  are  doing  every- 
thing within  their  means  to  lead  in  this  campaign* 


CO 


en 


Our  organization  consists  of  twelve  committees,  each  of  which  has  many  duties 


■•m*  •<•    wWiA^air 


I  G  -  4  -  POLISH 

II  B  2  d   (1) 

III  C  Dziennlk  Zwiazkowy,  Apr.  16,  1918. 
IV 

to  perform  in  its  particular  field*  We  believe  that  everything  will 
go  well,  for  we  have  begun  to  work  vigorously  and  energetically;  the  Polish 
section  has  more  speakers  than  any  other.  Some  of  the  speakers  who  are   often 
heard  on  this  subject  are  Judge  £•  K.   Jarecki,  W«  Jozwiakowski ,  F«  Danisch, 
B«  Bisek,  L.   Hsrka,  L«  Lesnicki,  J«  Konopa,  and  F*  Bare.  Our  agents  are 
energetically  at  work  selling  bonds — to  such  an  extent  that  Teophilus  Weyna, 
for  example,  sold  a  five-hundred-dollar  bond  to  a  German. 

The  Liberty  bond  office  at  1543  West  Division  Street  is  a  Polish  office,  con- 
ducted by  W.  Zwiefka  and  B.  Mindak,  who  inform  us  that  they  have  sold  over  ten 
thousand  dollars'  worth  of  Liberty  bonds.  Mr.  Mindak  requests  that  anyone  who 
doubts  the  authority  of  a  bond  salesman  commiinicate  with  the  office;  telephone: 
Haymarket  2596. 


o 

CO 


There  are  a  great  number  of  agents  of  other  nationalities  pushing  the  sales  of 
Liberty  bonds  and  attempting  to  sell  them  to  the  Polish  people.  In  fact,  in 


-  5  . 


POLISH 


Dzlennik  Zwiazkowy,  Apr*  16,  1918. 


I  G 

II  B  2  d  (1) 

III  C 
IV 

many  factories  it  is  compulsory  to  buy  Liberty  bonds.  Since  we  must 
buy  them,  let  us  remember  to  mark  **Polish  Branch"  on  the  application,  so  that 
the  Poles  will  receive  credit  and  recognition. 

Day  before  yesterday  the  St.  Helen  Building  and  Loan  Association,  of  St.  Helenas 
Parish,  held  its  annual  stockholders*  meeting,  where  a  certain  number  of  bonds 
were  sold.  The  Association  and  the  Reverend  Pyterek,  pastor  of  St.  Helen's 
Parish,  will  take  charge  hereafter.  At  the  meeting,  speakers  on  this  subject 
were  the  Reverend  Pyterek,  F.  S.  Bare,  and  J.  Kempinski. 

In  his  sermons  tomorrow,  the  pastor  of  St.  Helen's  Parish  will  urge  the 
parishioners  to  do  their  duty  in  this  important  matter. 


o 


CO 
CD 

411 


F.  S.  Bare,  secretary. 


rOLIS:- 


III  3  2 
III  H 

rv 


>  ^ 


iJzieraiiiC 


.■-■■.  I.  ■   Jl  ■> 


POLIoi:  LIBZITT":  LO. 


.pr.    15,    1918, 


In  order  that   our  national  ;:roup  shoulo    rocoive   tlie  7* roper  reco.-nition  froii  tlie 
-ciGrican  r^overrjient  for  doi:-;*   its   civic   •-.i.e.  -patriotic   duty   in  su^'oortinc   it  at 
tliio  critical  ti::c,    all  I  oles   should  fill   out   only  such  ^ibertvy   bond  applica- 
tions as  carr;"  the  staj:ip  "Polis'i  Branch^'.      2:"  doin;;  this,   you  asiiure  your  ov;n 
nationalit''  credit  for  vour  loyaltv,    Ghov;n  :.:oct  clo-aicntlv  :7hen  you  lend  your 
savings  to  lielp  defeat  the  onGi.rr  of  der:ocr:iCy  .and  freedon. 


Polish  applications   for  Liberty   Bonds   can  be  filled   out   in  t:ie  follov/inc  places: 


In  3t.   Stanislaus  Ilost'ia  and  Holy  Trinity  Parishes;      Polish  national  Alliance 
Build in.3;  irorthv/estern  Trust  and  Gavinrs  Bank,    corner  of  llil-./auhee  Avenue  and 
Division  Btreet;   the  Liberty  Bond   station   in  the  Polish  Chopin  Theater,   Mil'/aulcee 
Avenue  and  Division  Btreet;  Polish  V;orncn*s  .Alliance  Build iny,   1309  North  Ashland 


Ill  B  2 

III  I-I 
IV 


P0LI3:i 


D::iennil:  'J:jis.z::(y.rr ,  Ai'V,   15,   191c, 


»-,  ^^  r^      T't^''  t  c  "f" 


\venuG;   iolish  ALia  Ilntcr  ofricc::,    14[j5-7  "./oGt  Division  :;troot;  Iloi.ie 
Co:.r>an7,    at  tl.e   corner  oi*  .'iSliland  i\n<l  Llilv/'iu'ceo  Avoraies;    tliG 
rectory  of  -^t.   :>tani3lau3  llostlia  Parioli,   oJfico   of  "./.   3\r:Jh%   secretary;   and 
at  the  Jaciello  Baildin-  and  Loan  ^iscociation,    1455   ..'est  Division  Street. 

In  IIolv   Innocents  rarish:    Office  of  J.    :M3z::ie;;iGc,    153G  :;est  Chica^-o  .".venue; 
B.    Brzozov;s::i,    1369  ^'est   Jnica^o  .vvenuo. 


In  Jt,  i'ary  of  t!:e  .-in^^^cls  larish: 
Ilemitane  .Vvcnue. 


tae  banh  office   of  Josei^h  liilo':,    1G09  Uorth 


In  ot.  Helen's  Parish:      ot.  hcleri's  parish   office,   tlie  hoverend  ?.  II,  Pyterek, 
pastor,   231j  Augusta  Dtroet;    J.    P.    Puszhiev/icz  and   Oonpany,   Buildin;'  and  Loan 
ilssociation,   2216  h'est   J/iica,':o  .Vvenuc. 


In  Jt.  r.edv/if^'s  parish:     Parish  office,  the  Peverend  John  Obyrtacz,   pastor, 


T     -^ 
1     'J 

III 

3  2 

III 

II 

TI 

-   '6   - 


POL  13! 


*  T 


Apr.   15,   191C. 


O  O  -'^  ... 


6  irorth  I'oyne  Avenue. 


In  ot.  II7acil:tl.^'3  larioh:      Office   of  IIolano-.;3':i  i'.:\(}i  ljrz72ano'.:3^.:i,   Avondale 
Buildinp;  and  Loan  iuGsociai>ion,   3U0L;  -lortVi   Central  Tarl:  .^venue,   at  rilv/aukee 
Avenue • 

In  ot.  '-/enceslaas  PariGn:      Parioli   office,    tae  Reverend  7.    J.   Jcieszl:a,   pastor, 
3425  I.^O'-ticello  ."^venue;    A.   Z .   Jchultn  and   Co:.n<an7,   oC70  ].iL;auI:eo  Avenue, 


In  Jt.  .idalbcrt^s  rarisli:     Paris],   office,   the  Reverend   Jasiiiir  G-ron'zouslzi, 
3tor,   IVtii  anc   Paulina  Jtreeta;    J.    A.   3ass  Dm -store,   17.^>5  ';est  IGtli  Street. 


In  o 


>t.    CasiJiir^s  Parish:     .albert  fachov;shi*s  ^xinh,   30:A3  A.   222-;d  Street. 


In  Good  Shepherd  r^.rlsh:      fcli::  L.   ^.ajna  and  Ooi.ipanv,   l;705  South  Aolin  /^enuc. 


In  Tavn  of  I;-A:e:     Sacred  heart  Parish  office,    the  Aeverend  P.   J.   liirabasz, 


I  a 

III 

III 

r  • 

17 

3tr' 

90t, 

/. 


D:;::iG:.:.il:  J-.n/izlio:;:^ ,   -^pi*«    1^,    lOlC. 


F0LI:5I 


piistor,   4G00  :3out:'  ::onorG  Jtre3ot;    ::ov;-lov:3^:i  I^rot'ers,    175o  Uest  4ntli 


In  Orii,:i:i:     r:i^;lo\/:;::i  a:.d   ^y;;  lunt  3- in!:,    corner  of  Lorel  arid  Beldon  Avonues. 
In  Ilrmjon  r:^r:::      ot.   J-icoo  IcjOztXo.  Pcii^iclx   of  rice,   n:^::::  Aorth  Lanr^o  ."vvenuc. 


Ill  Jouth   CniCM-o:      Jt.  Ilrir^'s  of  I:.:>aculate   Jorce^^tioii  PariGn   office,   the 

Avonuo;    office  of 


-J 


Reverend  ?.   ::,  '.ojtaiouic:;,   pastor, 
Go.ii.:i3Jioner  I^.   \l.   :>''d3ev:G':i, 


;-^- 


+■  -7-.  ,-^  ■  ■>  \-       •  >    -  {  ^  - p T  I  . -.  r^  " 


—  r^ 


For  tlie   tine  boino,   the   tas':  of   tho  enocutivc   cor-iittec   is  to  zoo  tliat  each 
Polish  fa:..il7  fills  out  a  Polls!:  aa-aication.     ::e  need  r::o2^o  places  at  vniich  to 
allocate  tliesc  a'v.lications  and  ;;e  need  acre  volunteers  to  handle  the  v/ork« 


III  B  2 
III  II 
IV 


-   5   - 


rcLisi: 


Dzionni':  3v;iaz-:cv..y ,   Apr,    15,   1918, 


Office 


Polish  Central  J::ccutive   Coiojuittee, 
I  t'lo  '^oH'Sa  3:in':,    1201  IIilv:auI:co  Avenue, 


I  G 

III  B  2 
III  C 
17 


POLISH 


Dzlennlk  Zwiazkowy,  Apr.  11,  1918. 

LIBERTY  BOND  CAMPAIC2J 
St.  Stanislaus  Kostka  Parish  Holds  Meeting 


Yesterday  evening  a  meeting  was  held  in  the  St.  Stanislaus  Kostka  Parlish  Hall, 
called  by  the  parish  division  of  the  Polish  Liberty  Bond  Goinniittee  at  tne 
request  of  Archbishop  Mundelein,  who  is  conducting  the  cainpaign  among  Roman 
Catholics.  The  meeting  was  held  for  the  purpose  of  interesting  Poles  in  the 
purchase  of  Third  Liberty  Loan  bonds.  It  was  explained  that  these  bonds  are 
safer  than  bank  deposits,  that  they  pay  four  and  one-half  per  cent  interest, 
and  that  it  is  the  duty  of  every  loyal  citizen,  especisilly  if  he  is  a  Pole,  to 
purchase  Liberty  bonds  to  the  extent  of  his  means. 

The  meeting  was  opened  with  a  prayer  by  the  Reverend  /j^J  Dembinski ,  pastor  of 
St»  Stanislaus  Kostka  Parish,  after  which  John  Nering,  chairman  of  the  local 
division  of  the  Liberty  bond  committee,  spoke  a  few  words  on  the  sujbect  of 
Liberty  bonds*  F.  Blachowski  acted  as  secretary. 


5 


:3 


I  G  -  2  -  POLISH 

III  B  2 

III  C  Dzlennik  Zwlazkowy,  Apr.   11,  1918. 

IV 

The  next  speaker  was  Mr*  Conewen,  sent  by  the  Knights  of  Columbus, 
vrtio  showed  by  statistics  the  patriotism  of  the  Poles,  and  who  said  that  this 
time,  too,  the  Poles  will  live  up  to  the  expectations  of  the  United  States. 
He  explained  the  significance  of  the  present  war  and  its  causes.  He  described 
our  duties  to  the  soldiers  iirtio  are  risking  their  lives  fighting  for  us.  He 
pointed  out  also  that  if  we  care  for  our  freedom  and  if  we  wish  to  continue  en- 
Joying  that  freedom  and  not  be  slaves  of  the  Kaiser,  we  must  be  ready  to 
sacrifice  everything. 

The  speakers  following  Mr.  Conewen  were  Judge  E.  Jarecki,  president  of  the 
Polish  liberty  Bonj^/  Committee;  F.  Bare,  of  the  Polish  National  Council; 
Niedzialkowski ,  secretary  of  the  Polish  liberty  Bond^  Committee;  and,  finally, 
Vincent  Zwiefka,  president  of  the  Sixteenth  Ward  Liberty  Loan  office.  All  of 
these  speakers  did  their  best  to  explain  the  conditions  under  which  Liberty 
bonds  may  be  purchased  and  the  need  lor  purchasing  them.  They  emphasized  the 
fact  that  it  is  the  duty  of  every  good  Pole  to  purchase  these  bonds,  for  the 


o 


CO 

ro 


I  G 

III  B  2 
III  C 

17 


-  3  - 


Dzlennik  Zwlazkowy,  Apr.   11,   1918. 


POLISH 


Poles  have  heretofore  shown  themselves  to  be  good  American  patriots 
and  must  continue  to  be*  We  must  give  proof  that  we  Poles  understand  our  duty 
and  the  significance  of  the  present  moment.  If  America  wins  the  war,  we  also 
win,  for  free  America  will  call  to  life  a  free  Poland,  as  President  Wilson  has 
already  declared. 

Among  other  things,  F.  Bare  said  that  at  a  meeting  he  had  attended,  he  heard 
the  statement:  ••V/hen  after  his  death,  Frederick  the  Great  went  to  hell,  many 
of  the  devils  refused  to  stay  there.  It  cein  be  gathered  from  this  that  when 
Kaiser  Wilhelm  goes  to  hell,  all  of  the  devils,  and  even  Lucifer  himself,  will 
run  away.**  He  added  on  his  own  part  that  the  principal  aim  of  the  present 
Liberty  Loan  is  to  send  the  Kaiser  there  as  quickly  as  possible. 

As  a  result  of  yesterday's  meeting,  fifteen  applications  were  filed  for  bonds, 
the  total  value  of  which  is  more  than  six  thousand  dollars.  Of  these,  one 
application,  filed  by  F.  Blachowski  in  behalf  of  the  Polish  Alma  Mater,  was  for 
the  s\2m  of  five  thousand  dollea*s. 


CD 

« 

CO 


HfJ.-     .. 


I      Cx 


POLISH 


Dzlennik  "wiazkovAr,    n^.r,    10,    1918 


( Editorial) 


President   ..ilson   ST>ok9  arrain,    not  only  to  the  .^erican  public,   'vhich  listened 
with  r.reat   interest,   but  to  the  x'/hole  civilized   v/orld,   vjhich  accepted  with 
enthusiasin  the  cr.ood  nev/s  contained   in  this  new  address,      .^ilson's  v;ords  must 
have  had   an  enco^jira^*in.'::  effect  UTion  the  opTiressed   ToeoT^les,   victims  of  this 
lon^   ;Jorld  .<ar. 

It  has  become  clear  that  the  ;-^eat   statesman   in  the   ;;hite  house   in  ./ashinr^ton, 
7/ho  toda?/"  not  only  f'ui^^es  the  course  of  this  country,   but   serves  as  the 
inspired  a^^ent  and     almost  the  hi.^est   leader  of   the  nations  that  are  fi^^htia^ 
for  their  rirhts,    is  a   defender  v7ho  deserves   the  universal   and  unlirr.ted   con- 
fidence which  the  thinkinr,  v;orld,    conscious  of  its  fate  and  future,    has  placed 
in  his  hands. 


-^ 
m 

) 


■•wi 


O 


Dziennil:  .7;;iazl:Qvr/,   .-a::^r,    10,    1913. 


..lisn  .:'ilsor:   spoalcs,   he  does  not  mouth   eii-ty  v/crclG,   but  conveys   thov:-its,  v;hich 
facts  and  deeds  must  fcllov:.      i^o^  this   reason,   the  reference  ir   his  haitii-cre 
address  to  the   lesson  in  her::any*3    vussian  triu:.!  ui  has  a  soecial   si -^nificance, 
as  does  his  encr-iously  i^mortant   assurance   that   the  United  .states,    in  accentin; 
^er-any's  Ohallen^e  to  the  v/orld,   v;ill   .;in  by  force  of  ar;..s  the   just  neace 
that  can   co.  e  only  after  h:er::an^^  has  been  vanquished. 


.;ashin-*ton  has   once  and   for  all   closed   its   ear-  to  the  snoradic   yeace    -^ro'^osals  ,X 
e^nanatinr-  soT:etiries   fro::      orlin   and    nore  often  hron    hienna,    since   it    is   con- 
vinced,  by  the  tra  Ic    o::a;:^>le    in  .h;ssia,    '^f  the  bottoM].ess  abyss   that   separates 
G-errian  theory  fror:  Cerr.an  practice,    Ger.  .an  thou  •: its  from  v;ord3   and  '"'ern.an  i/ords 
from  acts.      Fate  arran-ed   it   so  that    'or  any,   vjith  all   its  s::illful   canonflare 
of  beautiful  and    -^isleadin  •  -:hra -eolo":',    .^u't,    f  ro^  l  ti  ^e   to  tr  e,    sliovr  its  true 
features   in  i'-no"iinious  realit\^. 


r.r 
.1 


The  official  a'^ents  of  the  Oernan  !eich,  that  is,  t'^e  chancellor  in  herlin  and 
the  C-0rr::an  delegates  to  t'e  conference  in  ..rest  hitovsh  have,  after  all,  -'anreed*' 


rr 


Dz j. enn il-:  L^v;iaz':oviy ,    .k^r.    10,    191 


R, 


to   the  -orincir^leG  of    .ilson's  rsace      ^ro-:-osals  and  have  s-^ol^eri  lone;  and  loud 
on   a  r^eace  tiiat   \;ould  he  both   j'i:^t  and   honoraole.        ^ut  v/hGn   it    oa^sed   froii 
words   to  deedG,    the   cutco.  ,o  \rji3  a-ain  an  offense  a:ainst  all  la'-vs  of   hod   and 
raan,   a"ain-:t  all  conce-^tions  of   juotice  and   honor.       hue  3ubju;:aticn   of  .-.ussia 
hecaj:i6  an  accoiu  dished   fact,    t'e  treaty  of  hrest  i.itovsh  v/as  violated   nith 
Uhrai^^ia,    hinland  nas  under:  .iaed,   and    hu.i:ania   suffered  a  terriole  injustice 
that   ories  to  heaven  for  revonc-e. 


■i^^.i 


4-  \ 


ro.a  *e  "cne  Ooiiors. 


iilsonhi:   concluoions,   then,    are  lo    ical:      '^'jvcir,  tiiis  v;e    can 
They  rejoice   over  t:.  eir   easy  triuTrni   in   hussia,    of  nt  ich  no   ca^a')le  and 


chivalrouo  nation  could  Ic^i 


kJ  ' 


roud.     .1  ^- rent   ;iation   (Auesia),   defenseles 


as.  a  reoult 
ill-favor.'^ 


'^ : 


it3  ovn  act:^,    has  h 


•-^e;. 


■^'».:i  r-  3  : 


to   tjeir 


« — \ 


.ijid   tiie  horrani:   foryct  t/nir   o.jn  ■i;'eautirnl    /iords:      ''ITj-jhere  an  the"  bri:r"'   about 
the  rei'":n  of  juotice  and    ev::r^^7here  do  tr.ey   iiv-^ose  t_-eir    :reatnr   force  for 
their  ovm  ^rofit  arid  tov/ard   t'eir   cv;n   '-roatness. '^     "h:ey   (t':,c  her-.ans)   have 


T;:a£r  T.  7^  itiw  — 


Dzionni!:  ^v;iaz!:o'v^,^ ,    .^pr.    10,    1919. 


in 

a 

-cli 

ti 

.1-"' 

"fre 

^_/  Vw4.  '.^ 

- 

unc 

er 

,■  "^ 

.r»jr» 


front -^r^^  to  call  u   on  tl 


ati 


+- '' 


uc   ro^oice  ovor  tre 


'?:,e   criinss   cc- fitted   in   the   Jar:t  v;?ula  be  roT^eated   ;r^  the  ::orr.anG   in  the 
also,    if  the   "allant  .n.llie^  nr-  ies  ^id   not  bar  the  v/ay,    ar^iies  -/jhich  even  the 
innumerable  '^srrran  divisions  canrot  vanquish. 

riXid    hilson  has  arri/ed  at   t^  e  ^alutar;'  conclusion  that   the  0^er:>:an3  'lay  not  an- 
must  not   be  tru-^.tod — t'.ey  hetra:''ec   hhe:^selve3    in   Prussia.       -.ven   if  they  ncv; 
v/ore  to  y^roT^ose     the  :-eot  honorable  and   favoraolo  peace  ter:;is  to   t'lO   hestern 
^oviers,   they  v^ould   neet  v/it]:  a'l  unconditional   rejection,    for   neith  r  the 
United  htates  n^i^v  the      entern     inro-  ean   •  o";oro   can   ;:ive    ^aotert'    ^urooe   over  to 
nlunder  by  '"•err:anv,    eventually  to   be  follovod  by  a     -er'an    invasion  of  .^sia 
and  a  subsequent   threat  to   all     hirj-'O  and  .a:    ;rica. 

..ilson   says:      "They  tend  undoubtedly  tovjard  subju  atin;-  to  their  ov;n  v;ill  all 
of  the    ->lavic   nations,    all   of  the    inde-endent  and    aiibitious  nations   of  the 


I — 
r— 

o 

•■..  » 


UJ«y--»«*;''*'u- 


r.v^^sMp'* 


T 


■J 


Dzieirii;'    ■•■:i-:i":--Ovr 


r. 


•74  1    1-0- 


'74  '  ' 


4*  i""  -o 


■,-..0'T       1'*-; 


n  -  - 


ana    uc    .Jure  ;3,    •;.:ic:i:     -'•lUri   I'l-^-...].!"   ^-i  -ulT 

jar   .Jast .       .ucr.  a     ^ro  Ta     can::t  'e  reconciled     .'ith  our   indealo   of    iustico. 


hu'^anity,    and    freodo.,   nor  ca-    it   '^o  acce-tod    j?'  t::o   rost    ^f   t;".o  -vji3r'.  ■  ^orld , 
'Jhich  beiiev^n   in   the    ^rinci^ilo    L'.at     ;acl..  nation  1  ao  a  ri^-""^   to   docide  its 
o:vn  fate.     ^1  tdio    io  to  ':e  tbrown   aside  To 


o  ideal    ox    over  noxMin  ;  xorc 


for    ^lie     ;rinci"le   that    t.  e  otron  -or  :oitions      ust  role  over  t;;.e    .-ean-r,    tnaL 


nations   of  this  vj-orld  .-luot   sub::it  to  tde   niie    )f  those   .;ho  are   in  a   nosition 
to   inoose  th3ir  authority  uoon  thoo,' 


-a 


i:  n  T  - 


'Zne  '/nitod  .vtates  cannot  tolerate  3'\cl:   a  iro"'rar.:;  hence  ..ilson  is  arMirv'*  ohis 
nation  for  a  stm'":le  uO  bria  •  it  about  that  the  world  i:ill  be  ruled  07  the 
ri  dits  of  na'i  and  nations,  and  tbat  the  -Tonn  -or'ian  heel  :nav  not  crush  or 


dishonor  the  ri 


■h-r-Q    r> 


00    ^j-    a  1.  •  Oj.ie« 


■1 


-4- "    "i  f ' 

>>^ .  J.  o 


ranhind  lias   ever   seen  ^luot  be  T/on,    or   else   ''.•..    to  naurht  v;ill   ;:o  all   that 


I       ^r 


\-x.. 


Dz 


zii^.enca  lov^G   •" 


and  a'^ain  t' e    "iitos   '-f  hr^:t'    rl"  "^  ^jve    v-ill  ':-e    ^itilencl;.'  closed  before  r:;an- 


-1  r^'l  "^ 


In  truth,  t:  3re  is  no  ini^ication  Lhat  zl.e   nitaation  v;ill  read:  this  terri::io 
conclusion,  bat  sac: 


.ir::.:"  Las  brouOt  about  aith  aitilass  ..  russian 


\.j 


state  of    affairs  t.  at    obe    -or.. an 

nrecisioa  -vberev^r  its  barbarous   feet  bave   'assea. 

•^*nd   v;bat   is   to  be  done  today.  *^     ,ilsor*   as':s. 

in  tbs   first      lace,   all  tal'"  of  -^oace   is   e^  ntv  and  barren.      >.hen  .vierica  oro- 
nosed  a-i  bonorable   "^eaco,    such  a    rod;^   cane   fron  tbe  boroan  nilitar:^   co::n.anderG 
in  aassia  that   toda:^  no  one  can  bive  any  delusions  as  to  tbe   intentions  of 
-lilitaristic    ■'•err-ny.      'b.at   re-:ly  v;as  a   brutal   ^ror>:aii  c.iallenoe  reoresented 
bv  the    sha.'-eful  -'r^at-'  of     root  litovsh. 


CD 


-   7    - 


D::iennik     -jia--:o  -,    V^r.    10,    IV'IH, 


■    ,r  T  T    •" 


■"?li8   cliCLllen;'9  ]\i3  ':e9n  accented   b^'    .il  snn  ani 
this    -oint  vail   not  '\3zit:it^  b3f-;r'3  a:::-— cvon 


4. 


oncan  iiatio^^,    -^..icn   irorn 
t   far-reac':.in^- — sacrif ic 


to    zarre  t:-3  vjorlo.   fro'     t^:3 


':>'-;r-an   thre-it   and   to   ■..in  for  it  .rach   fresdon  as 


a.'' 


d    ;vt3 


x-vnd   ar^    if  h 


^  U  ■_'  k.^ 


•Ci-*'"»  o 


1  -f» 


1  ofie.:.! 


savs  that  all   our  tl  oa"-- 


"'■    "]         r>  -.  1  ->-» 


i  ■—  4-  -^ 


one  -roat  '.vholo  in  order  to  croato  a  ^  ajootic,  concentrated  fore 
finall:.''  Ois-.'^iroe  the  suo^riority  of  tl 
diSiionor  evervthin 


•:i  X 


■^  1 


'-^mans,   uho  hold   in  contenpt  and 


-  t^ 


-•  o 


t    i:j   deir  to  \ui. 


..ilson  concluded  liis  address  ;ith  an  eleT^itor-  OyL;:.ortation  that  a  nroat  ar:,.ed 
force  be  created  v;]iich,  ;ratchin'^  O-^r- an  sui:oriorit:",  is  tl^e  only  t' in--  that 
can  decide  v:het"  or  justice  and  ^eace  are  to  re-^ilate  relations  a...on:'  :.ien  and 
a:non  :  nations,  and  v;^^ich  hencefortn.  can  and  :,.u.:t  stand  alone  in  the  strug:j;le 
a':ainst  the  :^er nans  vath  trin:ri---al  force,  crushino  to  dust  all  violence. 


injustice,  ana  f orei  in  .rule 


ahinn  a  rov:  in  be/.alf  of  tl  is  conntr^'-,  the  "reat  _residei]t 


CO 


I  g 

III  D 
IV 


POLISH 


jarod   Pcls^.ci,  Vol.   XXII,   i.o.    Ic,  April   10,   ISIS. 


p(^.ISi:  V/lvAii  liUYS  FIi^'ST  LIblJRTY  BUKD 

LIrs.   V/ojtalevacz,  mother  or   the    first    soldier    frG:a  the    city  of    Chicaro, 
bought  on  April   6th  at   S  A,  1.  .,   the    first   liberty  bond  t-t  t:.e  bureau  of 
the'directcr,  Mr..    Charles   Folos.   Her   son,    a  ncnber  of    the    lolii^h  horan 
Catholic   Union,   fell    on  the   field   of  battle    in  7rBnoe. 


Acconpanied   by  Dr.   Sd-iiller  frcni  3t.  .idalberts   Parish  and  Hr.  A.    Czurnec^i, 
I>s.  V;ojtalevdcz   ':;cr\t    to   tl-e   bureau    of  tae  director  and    there   gladly 
handed   over  trie    first   .;50  on  t..c  altar   ol'   liberty.    It  is    no   sraall  honor 
to  Llrs.  ;''ojtalev;ics,   and    a  raich    -reater  one   to  t-.e   I-oles,   v;ho,    as    is 


nor;  evi   ent ,   are  alv;ay; 
;nd   sacred. 


fir- 


4- 


evcr^/t!:ini7:    tlic 


it     ±2 


o     r 


ood 


hay  this  act  of  Hrs.  hoj ':alev/icz  encoi:ra^e  many  more  of  cur  felloiv 
citizens,  both  men  ard  v:emen,  to  buy  liberty  bonds.  Shov/  your  true 
patriotism  in  this  manner,  hemenber  that  every  bond  bought  is  a  box 
in  the  ear  for  the  Kaiser,  that  nightmare  v.'hichhas  murdered  o^ar  Polish 
people  for  years. 


POLISH 


x.arod  Pclski,  Vol*   aJ.II,   -.o.    15,  ApiM-l   10,   ITlo. 


iVith  the   help   of  tlie  United  States  and 
to  a  pulp* 


the  i:Mlies,  've  nuct   crash   hirn 


V/ho  v;ill   follov/  in  tlie   footsteps   of  Urs*   .Tojtalcv/icz  and   buy  bonds? 


To  action,    fellov/  citizens  I 


I  G 
IV 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  Apr,  10,  1918. 


POLISH  LIBEIffY  BOID  G0LliITT3E  CRSA-TED 

A  meeting  of  the  Polish  Liberty  Bond  Coimriittee  was  held  yesterday  at  the  Polish 
Bonan  Catholic  Union  Hall.   It  v;as  attended  by  a  considerable  nui.iber  of  repre- 
sentatives of  Polish  organizations,  of  business,  of  societies,  and  of  the 
local  press. 

The  meeting  vjas  called  to  order  b^*  Judge  flj  Jarecki,  president  of  the  Com- 
mittee for  Cook  County.  Ho  explained  tlie  aim  of  this  nev/  Polish  organization, 
namel^'',  to  develope  a  campaign  for  the  sale  of  the  Third  Liberty  Loan  bonds  on 
the  broadest  possible  scale.  The  spealcer  emphasized  one  fact  that  for  the 
sale  of  the  first  tvio  Liberty  Loan  bonds,  the  Poles  were  not  organized  and  so, 
although  a  great  many  Poles  purchased  bonds,  official  circles  in  V/ashiigton  did 
not  Imov;  for  certain  to  what  extent  the  Poles  had  hastened  to  the  governiient's 
aid.   Je  are  not  concerned  with  the  amounts  of  the  bonds  that  are  purchased, 
but  with  the  number  of  purchases  made.  The  chairman  also  pointed  out  that  ;ve 


:2» 


CO 


I  g 

IV 


-  2  - 


Dziennik  Zv/iazkowy,   Apr.  10,   1918 


PCLISK 


have  three  representatives  in  the  main  orp.anization  for  the  sale  of  Liberty 
bonds:  Judge  Jarecki  for  Cook  County,  N.  L,  Piotrowski  for  the  otate  of 
Illinois,  and  J.  F,  Smulski  for  the  five  states  of  the  Seventh  Federal  Reserve 
District. 

In  o37der  to  accelerate  the  work,  Chairman  Jarecki  advised  that  the  presidents 
of  individual  subconnittees  call  a  neeting  before  Saturday,  to  conplete  their 
committees  and  to  begin  their  work  immediately.  The  spealcer  explained  the 
reasons  v/hy  we  Poles  ought  to  support  this  loan  most  earnestly;  namely,  that 
of  all  the  nations  participating^  in  the  present  war,  Poland  stands  to  receive 
the  greatest  benefits  if  the  iillies  v;in  the  war.  The  speaker  mentioned  events 
of  the  Spanish-American  './ar,  when  a  Geriyian  comraander  tried  to  prevent  Admiral 
Dewey  from  shelling  the  Spanish  fleet  and  finally  gave  in  only  v;hen  /idniral 
Dewey  told  him  that  if  the  Germans  wanted  war,  they  could  have  it  immediately. 
After  this  incident,  the  German  General  Goetzen,  aboard  an  American  steamship, 
said  that  in  fifteen  years  the  Genaans  would  begin  a  great  war  in  which  they 
would  occupy  Paris  in  a  short  time,  and  that  they  would  not  only  crush  England 


ro 


I  g 

IV 


-  3  - 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  Apr,  10,  1918 


POLISH 


but  would  derr^and  a  huge  inder:inity  from  the  United  3tates.  The  speaker  poirxted 
out  that  the  Germans  started  the  great  v;ar  not  fifteen  but  sixteen  years  after 
this  statement  v;as  made  by  the  German  general,  and  that  if  the  French  had  not 
stopped  them  at  the  Ljame,  who  Imows  but  that  by  thivS  time  the  United  States 
might  have  been  forced  to  pay  tribute.   ''Is  it  not  better,  then,  to  lend  our 
government  the  necessary  money  with  which  to  defeat  this  dangeivDus  enemy  rather 
than,  in  case  of  our  own  defeat,  be  forced  to  give  that  enemy  everything  we 
possess?"  asked  the  speaker. 


:^ 
CD 

CO 
CD 


The  next  speaker  v/as  Stanislaus  Szwajkart,  editor  of  Dziennik  Chicagoski  and 
chairiiian  of  the  press  committee,  who  spoke  in  behalf  of  the  Polish  press.  He 
promised  that,  as  from  the  beginninij  of  the  v/ar,  so  to  its  end,  the  Polish  pre^s 
would  support  the  government,  and  t;iat  editorial  departments  of  the  Polish 
newspapers  would  publicize  the  Third  Liberty  Loan  to  the  fiillest  extent.  A 
meeting  of  the  press  committee  will  be  called  this  week  by  the  main  Liberty 
bond  headauarters. 


I  g 

IV 


-  4  - 


Dzieiinik  ^wiazkowy,   ^ipr.  10,   1918, 


POLISH 


The  next  speaker  v/as  '..'illiaia  iv  Flaiiua,  who  emphasized  the  duty  of  all  of  the 
Slavic  national  groups  to  this  country,  for  this  country'  has  been  attacked  by 
the  greatest  enemy  of  mankind,  freedom,  and  progress.  He  x^ent  on  to  say  that 
the  Polish  press  is  porformng  its  tas]:  splendidly,  but  that  not  all  Poles  read 
the  newspapers.   It  is  these  who  do  not  read  the  newspapers  whom  the  committee 
should  try  to  reach. 

A  discussion  on  the  ways  to  sell  the  greatest  possible  number  of  Liberty  bonds 
took  up  a  great  deal  of  time.  Some  of  the  speakers  on  this  subject  were: 
Alderman  otanley  Adamkiev/icz,  .reverend  j".  '.iOjtalewicz,  S.  ^.,  bass,  Joseph 
Llagdziarz,  li'.  3.  Gzarnecki,  .reverend  /l^.7  Grudzinski,  T.  Stan,  and  many  others 
v;hose  nairies  v;e  cannot  remember. 


TJ 


The  main  subject  of  these  speeches  was  that  the  Polish  cor.imitteo  should  do 
V7hat  it  can  to  convince  Polisli  purchasers  of  Liberty  bonds  that  they  should 
insist  that  their  applications  be  made  on  blanks  from  the  Polish  division. 
The  Committee  is  also  to  arrange  for  meetings  in  all  of  the  Polish  parishes 


±      V 


O 


POLIS; 


J 


-  ■  'J.  • 


cf  JhicavO   so   t^at   tVo  lolisli  public   in  fe:i::ral   can  be  properly-  iniori::ed  as   to 
tne   i':iT^ortanee  or  thi^  iiattor.      It  v/ns  also   o;;ii):.asizGd  that  t}ie  Gubcoi^iiiitteoG 
should  boll  Meetiu,'^s  as   soon  as  i^ossiblo   in  ^..rder  tc      et   the  v7orl-:  under  v;av. 
I:]f forts  v;ill  also  he  :.nne   to  v;in  over  t  .o   stoc:::-aru  v;orh-^r3,    anon/:  wlioii,    as 
is  ;;e].l  hnovri,   holes  predo-.:inato.      hlie   c;-.ie"  cnicorn   -err3   is  t:)   see   ■;;.  at 
their  applications   indicate   t •  at   tnei:^  bonds  are  purcl.asod  t.:rou^:h  the  lolish 
division  and  not  t;.rou'-h   r,  .(^  efforts   o::  tneir  oni^loyero. 


-a 


-f»4- 


.-u.  oer  acceptance  of  a  motion  that  an  cnocutive  coiLii^tee  be  nai.ied  to  take  charge 
:-)^   the  entire  latter,  the  r:eetii;v;aG  adiournod,  ':ri'.Q   enocutiTO  coinmittee  con- 
sists o'2   the  Guair^.ian  of  the  subcoi.i  liLteos, 

n  iiass  iieotin^:  ccncernix':  the  sale  of  hiberty  bonds,  will  be  ..eld  tonihbt  at 
t:.e  parish  hall  in  .^t.  Stanislaus  larish.   hhis  :.ieetin-  should  be  attended  by 
the  [-r^^atost  possible  nui.ibor  of  holes  from  ht,  Jtaniolaus  larish  as  ;/ell  as  fron 
nei.i'iiborin::  parishes,  for  -che  question  is  an  important  one,  v;hiGii  concerns  all 
of  us.  het  us  Gho\;  ti^at  as  citizens  of  tlds  country  v/e  miderstanu  otU'  duties 


I  G 


-  6  - 


POLISH 


Dziemiik  Zv/iazkovvy,  Adp.  10,  191B. 


and  that  ive  are  supporting  the  government  in  this  great  './orld  j'ar,  upon  the 
outcor.ie  of  which  depends  not  only  the  safety  of  this  country  but  the  freedoin 
of  Poland,  and  the  return  of  right  and  justice  to  the  v/orld. 


Tlie  meeting;  will  begin  at  7:30  in  the  evening.  The  speakers  v/ill  be  capable 
Ai]ieric€ins  and  well-knovm  Poles  v;ho  v/ill  adequately  e2q)lain  the  purposes  of  the 
bonds . 

An  incident  that  occurred  at  yesterday's  neeting  must  be  added  to  the  above 
report.  The  lieverend  '.'oltalewicz,  in  discussing  the  Third  Liberty  Loan, 
declared  that  the  Polish  press  has  not  given  this  raatter  enough  publicity. 
Stanislaus  Orpislewski,  editior  in  chief  of  Dziennik  Zwiazkovjy,  took  the  floor, 
and  in  ansv/er  to  this  generalization,  replied  v;ith  equal  emphasis  that  the 
Reverend  V/ojtalewicz*s  statement  rather  misses  the  truth,  for  the  press 
(Crpiszewski  had  in  mind  the  /J.liance  papers)  has  long  and  earnestly  been 
recomirending  Third  Liberty  Loan  bonds  to  the  Polish  public.   To  this,  v/ojtalev/icz 
replied  that  he  did  not  withdraw  his  statement,  that  the  newspapers,  instead 


c.  ^ 


I  g 


-  7  - 


POLISH 


Dzienirik  Zv/iazkov/y,  xipr.  10,  1913. 


of  pa:r''inc  fifteen  and  tv;entv  per  cent  dividends  to  their  stocldiolders,  should 
hire  raore  reporters.  Since  the  .alliance  papers  do  not  pay  dividends,  and 
since  they  have  no  stockiiolders,  the  people  being  the  owners,  Orpiszewski 
justly  concluded  that  the  ^teverend  ./ojtalev/icz  was  not  referring  to  the 


Alliance  papers  and  said  no  nore. 


r.Tl 


I'nis 


concluded  the  incident. 


CD 


O 
-J 


I  g 

III  B  2 
III  H 
I  C 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazko^vy,   Apr.   8,   1918. 


TIIE  THIRD  LIBERTf  LOAInI 


(Editorial) 

Thousands  of  our  countrymen  have  shov/n  their  patriotism  by  purchasing  the 
First  and  Second  Liberty  Loan  Bonds.   It  is  also  a  certainty  that  now,  by 
buying  the  Third  Liberty  Loan  Bonds  willin^^ly  and  without  hesitation,  they 
will  do  a  double  patriotic  duty  to  their  homeland  and  to  this  adopted  home- 
land— the  land  that  received  them  so  generously  and  now  asks  their  co-opera- 
tion in  the  strur.gle  with  a  nutual  enemy  that  threatens  the  existence  and 
liberty  of  all  peoples  of  the  world. 


-T3 

p 

CO 
CJ» 


;;e  call  the  attention  of  those  of  our  countrymen  vAio,  without  giving  the 
matter  any  deeper  t-iought,  consider  the  T)ur chase  of  one  or  more  bonds  an 
expense  (some,  in  th^ir  shortsightedness,  call  it  an  unnecessary  expense); 
certainly  they  would  not  even  consider  thinking  of  Dutting  money  in  a  mortgage 
on  land  or  real  estate,  an  investment  legally  protected  and  safer  than  placing 


I  g 

III  B  2 
III  H 

I  c 


-  2  - 


POLI:dH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkov/y,  Apr*  8,  191fi. 
monoy  in  a  safe  or  safety  deposit  box,  an  expense. 


Certainly  Lhe  purchase  of  a  Liberty  Bond  is  nothing  more  than  the  location 
of  capital  at  interest  f^re-dter  than  the  banks  v;ill  pay;  it  is  a  loan  of 
money  to  a  borrower  who  reives  the  best  guarantee  of  all  the  borrowers  in 
the  v7orld.  Such  is  the  financial  side  of  the  ''business",  a  side  which  is 
considered  most  important  by  some  people  who  cannot  understand  that  the 
circumstances  of  the  loan  are  also  to  be  considered,  that  factors  of  far 
greater  imT)ortance  enter  here. 

The  American  nation  and  government  are  strug^ding  against  a  mutual  enemy 
for  their  own  freedom  and  for  ours,  for  the  freedom  of  all  the  peoples  of 
the  world*  Money  is  one  of  the  many  v;eapons  of  war.   So  the  available 
su 'holies  of  this  v/eapon  as  are  in  our  hands  should  be  turned  over  for  the 
use  of  the  American  nation  and  government  in  this  struggle.  At  a  time 
designated  by  the  lav;,  after  this  weapon  has  served  its  purpose,  it  v/ill  be 
returned  to  us  with  a  nrofit  for  our  ovm  further  use. 


"13 


C3 


CO 

CD 


I  a 


-  3  - 


P0LI-^5Ii 


Dziennik  Zvviazko;vy,   Apr.   8,    1918. 


Ill  B  2 
III  H 
I  C 

By  doing  this,  we  are  jnly  paying  a  portion  of  the  debt  we  owe  our 
adopted  homeland.   For  we  do  ov/e  it  a  debt  I   ;/hy  are    ;e  here  in  this 
hospitable  land? 


2> 


lie   did  not  come  here  as  tourists  seekinf:  impressions,  or  siraply  to  acquaint 
ourselves  with  xlmerican  traditions  and  customs.   .;e  were  all  forcibly  exiled 
by  the  bad  conditions  created  by  all  three  of  the  nations  occupying  Poland. 
;/e  were  driven  away  by  the  "well-meaning**  Austrian  p;overnment,  v/hich  retarded 
with  all  means  at  its  command  the  industrial  development  of  a  country  so 
rich  in  natural  resources.   .7e  were  driven  a'jvay  by  chicaiiery  that  was  often 
senseless,  v/e  ?/ere  misled  bv  he  ultra-loval  bureaucracy  of  the  official  classes: 
the  pressure  of  Ya^Kh   taxation  effectively  pushed  us  mt   of  the  country,  across 
the  ocean,  jlvery  stron/;er  person  sou::ht  a  firmer  foundation  anyv;here  else 
in  the  world,  for  under  tlie  Austrian  [government,  Poland  was  a  hopeless,  soggy 
bo^. 


r 


-T3 


CD 


■Je   were  driven  away  by  the  Cossack  knout  and  the  grafting  Russian  officials. 


-  4   - 


P0LI:3Ii 


Dziennik  Zwiazkovvy,   Ar^r.   8,   1918. 


I  g 

III  B  2 
III  H 
I  C 

by  :.he  pointless  cruelties  of  the  descendants  of  0-enghis  Khan,  by 
the  slow  torture  to  death  v/ithout  even  the  possibility  of  a  single  free 
thoUig:ht,  and  by  the  constant  threat,  exriected  or  unejcpected,  of  being  sent 
to  Siberia.   These  are  the  tnia^^s  that  drove  us  away. 


•o 


But  we  were  driven  no^t  harshly  by  t::e  crushing  heel  of  the  bloodthirsty 
Prussian,  v/ho  in  his  vanity  after  Orauelotte  and  Sedan,  has  forgotten  Grunv/ald, 
has  forgotten  how  he  knelt  humbly  in  t.ie  Krakow  market  place,  who  has  expa- 
triated us.  And  nothing  was  left  for  us  but  to  ^;rit  our  teeth  md  wait  here 
across  the  ocean — to  wait  here  on  this  free  soil  of  V/ashington  and  Lincoln. 

Then  came  the  great  moment  in  history.  One  enemy,  in  his  senseless  insanity, 
is  spilling  his  own  blood,  T\^iile  for  the  other  tv;o  the  day  of  punishment  is 
at  hiind,  punishment  for  the  torture  and  suffering  inflicted  upon  our  nation. 

Our  duty  is  to  hasten  the  da;vn  of  that  great  day  when  our  dismembered  homeland 
will  be  reunited  into  that  long  dreamed  of  independent  country,  so  often 


CO 


I  G 


-  5  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Z vlazlcov;;/-,  Apr.  8,  1918, 


III  B  2 
III  H 
I  C 

■nronhesied  by  our  ■greatest  noets.  The  golden  horn  vail  sound  and 
the  bell  of  resurrection  v;ill  rin^. 


.^d  then  there  will  be  no  more  of  the  lashinr:  knout,  nor  the  grinding  heel, 
nor  the  so.'^gy  bog, 

'.^e  V7ill  then  be  a  self-governing  Deonle,  deciding:  our  own  fate  and  future 
on  our  oivn  soil,  accordinp-  to  our  own  v;ill. 

But  to  that  end,  whoever  Cdn  must  aid  in  the  mutual  cause,  for  our  cause 
gind  the  cause  of  our  adoTi^ted  America  are  one,  Every  Pole  v/ho  participates 
in  the  Liberty  Loan  becomes,  through  it,  a  member  of  the  "American  Legion 
of  Freedom." 


CO 


This  newspaper  will  hereafter  maintain  a  permanent  column  under  the  above 
head,  giving  an  accurate  list  of  names  of  all  those  Poles  who  buy  the  Third 
Liberty  Loan  Bonds. 


I  Q 
III  B  2 
IV 


T  ^ 


,-0 


1  r 
i 


•"•   1 


-1 
I 


:r\- 


.,i- 


-  -  r. 


■  r>  -■■; 


.'  4-, 


J.    .  iV  :     '^'  ,     . .  .     i  -  '  -  •.'   ■  ■  .  •  '  ■    .  .  ^  .  i     -..J.  .  _  .    .   -     . 

',-.<—  '-^    1   '  Tf-    •     -■>  v^       ■  •  -  o  O.      ■  /~.  >^        1  ^  •  •  -  •  .— .  .      '      1    "■-   .  •         f     .»  rri  '">    "•  i   •  •>  !~^        "•   '"^  .-.  ••    ^.  .-.      -f-\        *%  "t"       ^        "'■'^^>  "'    ■'   1  n  ~* 

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0.  lac'-tin'^   o:*  ':'ie   T?X'':r\crz  r-  :"  hold    :•.''''■  v,":'!??    it    ^"-  r    ?  vnr  i  J  cr':^  v;^cn    tc 


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I  G 
III  B  2 

III  H 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Z\':r<±Zz:oyrj ^   Apr.  2,  1918. 

ST.  CASIIuIR^S  PARISH  ORaAl^I/iaS  CITIZSITS^  COLItll'TTSS 

The  Reverend  Fuman  Co-operates 


St.  Casiinir's  Parish  is  no  longer  to  be  listed  among  the  "slacker"  communities, 
but  among  those  that  are  working;;  for  the  Polish  cause,  desirin{^  to  help  as  much 
as  possible  in  every  v;ay  it  can.  In  truth,  St.  Casiiair*s  Parish  is  somevdiat 
late  in  beginning  this  work  because  of  certain  misunderstandings,  but  at  present^ 
all  differences  are  settled,  and  knowing  the  capability  of  the  people  of  that  -^ 
community  we  are  convinced  that  they  will  make  \xo  for  tlie  delay  by  working  twice  - 
as  hard«  7 


On  the  initiative  of  the  Reverend  x'ilbert  Furman,  pastor,  and  the  more  p2?ominent 
citizens  of  this  community,  a  meeting  of  parishioners  was  held  with  the  purpose 
of  organizing  a  Citizens*  Comiiiittee.  The  Reverend  Furrr.an  presided.  In  opening 
the  meeting,  he  presented  the  reasons  for  holding  it  and  explained  that  he  would 
co-operate  heartily  in  the  good  cause; 


as 


proof  of  his  good-v;ill,  Father  Furman 


> 


I  G 

III  B  2 
III  H 


'  2  - 


Dziennik  Zwiazkov/y,   Apr.   2,   1918. 


POLISH 


donated  a  hundred  dollars  to  the  Polish  Army  Fund,  A  lively  discussion  then 
arose,  in  which  there  was  no  enmity •  After  discussing  the  question  of  a  nation- 
al ^olisl]^  tax  as  .veil  as  Polish  Army  matters,  a  citizens*  committee  was  named, 
consisting  of  th:^  Reverend  Furman  as  honorary  president;  Llr.  Sliwa  as  active 
president;  l!r.  Tenerowicz,  vice-president;  llv.   Opiela,  financial  secretary; 
Mr.  Drzewicki,  recording  secretary;  and  Lr.  Pijanowski,  treasurer.  All  con- 
tributions should  be  sent  to  l.'.r.  Pijanowski,  whose  address  is  2242  Marshall 
Boulevard. 


f — 


All  those  present  injmediately  taxed  themselves  to  the  sum  of  tv/o  dollars,  five 
dollars  and  more  per  month,  according  to  their  individual  means.  A  tax  was 
decided  on  for  all  the  members  of  St.  Casimir^s  Parish,  and  twenty  collectors 
were  chosen  to  collect  this  tax  from  house  to  house  once  a  month. 


The  Citizens*  Committee  will  aid  the  Polish  Army  by  establishing  a  recruiting 
station  for  this  community. 


I  G 

III  B  2 
III  H 


-  3  - 


POLIoH 


Dzieiinilc  Zv;iazkovy 


Apr.  2,  1918 


Aad  so 


,  thanlcs  to  the  Liutual  understanding  and  cGpecially  to  the  general  spirit 
of  co-operation,  St.  Gasinri*s  Parish  is  quickly  jetting  dov;n  to  v;ork.  V.-e  hope 
that,  to  the  shame  of  the  few  reiTiaining  "slacker**  coimnunities  in  Chicago,  it  vjill 
become  a  leader  in  the  v;ork  for  Poland  and  its  anay. 


^; 


c:.> 


f   •  ^ 

o 

/NO 


I  G 

II  B  2  d    (1) 

III  B  1 
IV 

POLISH  PRESS  '.VILL  SUl-TORT  THIRD  LIBERTY  LOATT  CAJ/IPAIGN 


POLISH 


Dzlennlk  Zwiazko\yy>  Ifisr.   30,  1918. 


On  march   27,  the  Polish  Press  Club  of  Chicago  held  a  meeting  at  its  head- 
quarters to  formulate  a  plan  for  an  energetic  campaign  to  aid  the  United 
States  government  in  selling  the  largest  possible  number  of  Third  Liberty 
Bonds.  It  was  decided  that  all  the  Polish  daily  and  weekly  newspapers  in 
Chicago  and  elsewhere  shall  use  their  columns  to  create  a  most  energetic 
agitation  so  that  their  readers  will  buy  Liberty  Bonds,  and  In  this  v;ay  help 
the  i\merican  government  arxl  the  Allies  win  the  war. 

It  was  also  decided  that  the  following  telegram  be  sent  to  the  Secretary 
of  the  Treasury,  ;\^illiam  G.  McAdoo: 


♦^Honorable  William  G.  LlCxidoo, 
"Secretary  of  the  Treasury, 
"V/ashington,  D.  C. 


I  G 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkov/y,  Mar.  30,  1918. 


II  B  2  d  (1) 

III  B  1 
TV 

'^The  Chicago  Polish  Press  Club,  at  a  meeting  of  its  members,  held  this 
27th  day  of  March,  1918,  decided  unanimously  to  carry  on  the  most  energetic 
propaganda  in  all  the  Polish  daily  newspapers  and  periodical  publications  in 
support  of  the  Third  Liberty  Loan  campaign,  and  begs  you  to  assure  President 
V/ilson  that  tlie  Polish  people  are  with  heart  and  soul  in  this  supreme  effort 
in  behalf  of  the  holy  cause  of  liberty  for  all  mankind. 


John  J.  Chrzanov;ski ,  president, 
John  R.  Piasecki,  secretar3r, 
Dr.  Front  Dobija,  vice  president, 
Nicholas  Piotrowski,  treasurer.** 


I  G 

II  D  10 

III  H 
IV 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwia2j<oyy,  Mar.   28,  1918. 
ST.   ADi\LBiiR?»S  Pi\RI3H 


«•    ") 


r    ^ 


On  the  tv;enty-f  iftii  of  L^rch,  a  lar^e  niimbe-r  of  relish  vronen  gathered  in  the 
riclily  decorated  Pulaski  Hall,   impatiently  av.aitios  their  leader  in  the  field 
of  national  v/ork,  Lladame  lielen  Paderevjski,    to  hear  what  she  liad  to  tell  then 
and  to  follov;  her  leadership  obediently*     Before  iiadane  Paderev/ski's  arrival, 
the  Reverend  Gasirair  Gronkouski  /pastor  of  St.  x\dalb3rt*s  Paris]^  called  the 
mass  meetinc  to  order,  naninc  I-J^s,  Hibner  as  cliair.voinan  and  Vera  Ck)recki  as 
secretary. 

Various  parishes  and  comiaunitaes  were  represented  by  the  follov/inf,  wonen: 
St,  Adalbr^rt^s  Parish,  l&rs.   •'/•  Szyn^inski  and  ^vs.  '£.  Jankov/ski;   St,  Stani;ilaus 
Kostka  Parish,  i-rs.  M,   Czekala,  Mrs.   J.  Hekosiak,  lirs,  3,   Slupikovjski;  Holy 
Trinity  Parish,  -irs.  A.   Jeziorski;   St.  I^lary  of  Angels  Parish,  Llrs.  A.   Gk>goli:iski, 
:!rs.  I).  Lar^rski,  and  Lj?s,  C.  Siuda;   St.   Jacob's  Parish  of  Hanson  Park,  Llrs.  A. 
Praszkiewicz  and  LCrs.   J.  Kokuszev/ski;   St.  Anne's  Parish,  Llrs.  A,  Lapkiowicz, 


I   G 


POLISH 


Dzienniic  l^wiazkovjy.  Kar,  28^   1913. 


II  D  10 

III  H 
IV 

lirs.   B*  Dolinski,  and  I.irs.  lU  Urbanov/Gki ;   Cur  Lady  of  Ferpetaal  Help  Parish, 
LIrs,   J.  I\amin3ki;   Ot.  lielen's  Parish,  I^s,   B,  Kibn?r,  Llrs*   J*  Bartosie^vica, 
and  iiiTs.  \U  Garyantosiewicz;   oacred  Heart  of  Jesus  Parish,  ^-^rs^  J.  Czapek; 
lioly  Innoceiits^  Parish,  l.rs,   LU  Gorzynski,  ^rs.  U,  Cudek,  and  IJrs.   J.  Placica; 
Good  ohephard  Paris..,  Mrs,  u.   Broniarczyk,  I.Irs*   u.  Jacek,  and  Lj:s.  P*  Kukiolski 
vit,   Joseph* s  Parish  of  Ar^,  Mrs.  I^,   Jaxvorski,   i-rs,  --.  Przybyski,   and  iirs.  k. 
Puskalski:   ot.  Jaloiaoa's  Parish  of  Kensin^^ton,  i-rs.  T.  omialkouski;  Assuiaption 
of  Jesus  Parish,  ^-rs.  J.  Slonski,  Urs,  Z,   Toiakiev;iGz,  and  l:xs.  V..  Fajak;   3t* 
-./enceslaus  Parish  of  ^vanston,   lirs.  ^x.  Danisch  and  Krs»  II.  Pietrov/icz;   Immacu- 
late Heart  of  the  Virgin  Llary,  *^rs.    u.  Gorski,   I^rs,   L.   Czapski,  and  I.lrs*   H. 
Gapinski;    iKir.iaculate  Conception  of  our  Blessed  Virgin  Llary  Parish,   i-lrs,  K.  0. 
Barski,  llrs*   a,  Klawiter,  ajts.  l-u   vvalkov/iak,  I.lrs*  P.   :^toidzinski,  and  iurs.  H. 
Sadowski^ 


j- 


Invited  guests  at  the  meeting  were:     the  Hevorejid  I\  V/ojtalev/icz,   and  L* 
^-•T-idzinski,  Mrs.   J.  Smulski,  I^rs.  Przyby^jz,  Lliss  '£,.  Uapioralski,   and  LIrs. 
A.  Neuman. 


a 


3 


POLISH 


II   D  10 


Dz  iennik  ^wiazkov/y  >   L^ar.    28,    1918. 


Ill  K 
IV 

As  Iv^adaine  Paderev/ski  entered  the  hall  she  was  greeted  by  the  school 
children  of  Sto  Adalbert *s  larish,  v;ho  san,^  "'The  5tar-3pangled  Banner'*  and  =^. 
the  "Lledley  of  Polish  Son^c"  /by  Lacl"jnan7". 

The  Heverend  Crponkowski  delivered  the  follov;inc  address:   "In  behalf  of  the  , 
Ghicaf^o  parishes,  I  have  the  honor  to  -reet  the  v/ife  of  our  Kveat   leader, 
Llada^ne  Helen  Paderevski.   In  behalf  of  all  the  parishes  represented  here,  I  _; 
tiiank  her  for  honorin'^  us  v;ith  her  oreLence.   3e?in'-  hovi   ^reat  the  need  is,  *- .^ 
v;e  are  r-ettim*  do:vn  to  national  -.ork.   ./e  need  rjualified  people  to  teach  us,-;  : 
to  point  the  way,  to  tell  us  ;;hat  to  do  in  order  to  help  free  our  nation,  to'-''' 
brin?;:;  relief  to  vjido-.vs  and  orphans,  and  to  keep  up  the  spirit  of  ou--  boys, 
who  are  goinr^  to  firht  not  only  for  Poland  but  for  the  freedon  of  all  nations 
on  earth,  I!he  ti^.-^s  that  v;e  are  now  exr«eriencins  are  importa-it.  If  we  do 
not  now  win  freedom  for  our  honeland,  7;e  never  will*  'Jh'-  ne-js   that  reaches 
us  here  is  terrift^in^,  and  more  than  one  of  us  has  asked  hiriself,  'Is  there 
no  God,  that  the  Ger  lans  can  take  ev-^r'^thing,  crush  ev.ryDody?  Can  it  be  that 
rieaven  is  blessin  ■  them?'   ./e  place  our  fait:-  in  *"rod,  anu  .e  have  hopes  that 


tCLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkovy,  Liar.   ::8,   1918 


I  g  -  4  - 

II  D  10 

III  H 
IV 

God  has  not  allowed  this  vv^r  to  continue  so  lon^:  to  piinish  the 
world,  but  only  to  humble  the  uermns  tho  mora.  It  is   the  hope  of  everyone 
tliat  God  v;ill  not  permit  the  Germans  to  rule  tlie  v/hole  v;orld/  -^ 

"This  mass  meetin^^  was  called  today  for  the  purpose  of  introd^icing  our  pro-   ^ 
tectress,  who,  >nov/ing  our  needs,  can  most  easily  uell  us  what  to  do*  IJadame  -' 
Paderev;ski,  although  she  is  vary  tired  after  traveling  fror  city  to  city,  has  '^ 
cone  here  to  you,  Polish  ;vDmen,  and  will  best  explain  her  O'vn  purposes*'^ 

Lladamo  Faderewski  v/as  then  presented  with  a  bouquet  of  ro^os  from  the  v;omen   :v 
Of  St.  Adalbert *s  Pariah  by  i^irs.  P.  ./.  Szymanski.  The  great  master* s  v/ife 
delivered  the  followinf:  address: 


"Dear,  beloved  sisters  and  Polish  womeni  I  need  not  tell  you  hov/  happy  I  vjas 
to  hasten  here  to  greet  you,  to  tie  the  thread  v/hich,  God  willing,  v.iil  form 
a  permanent  bond.  There  is  so  raucli  wrk  to  be  done  that  every  hand  is  a 
treasure.  Seeing  this  gathering  and  the  good  v/ill,  I  cannot  but  be  grateful 


I  G 

II  D  10 

III  H 
IV 


-  5  - 


Dziennlk  Zwiazkowy^  Uar»  28,  1918 • 


to  Father  Gronkowski  and  dear  llrs^  Smulski. 


POLISH 


••Dear,  beloved  sisters — there  Is  so  much  work  ahead  of  us,  so  much  that  one  , 
knows  not  where  to  begin*  The  present  hour  ts  a  terrible  one*  There  has 
never  been  a  more  terrible  hour  in  the  history  of  Poland#  If  we  do  not  weld  . 

our  hearts  into  one  great  heart  and  our  souls  into  one  great  soul,  believe  me, 
we  will  destroy  the  good  name  of  the  Polish  v:omen,  by  neglecting  our  duty*    • 

^' 

••You  all  know  how  our  brethren  in  -t^oland  had  to  hide  in  the  woods  without  food 
and  clothing,  and  froze  to  death.  Children  have  starved,  girls  have  fallen 
victim  to  lustful  soldiery;  thousands  of  them  have  been  sent  to  German  cities 
as  white  slaves  for  the  officers*  All  this  gives  us  duties  that  lie  heavily 
on  our  consciences;  we  must  think  of  them*. •••Although  the^  ocean  separates  us, 
these  great  waters  would  not  be  enough  to  wash  the  blot  /from  our  names/  if 
we  did  not  try  to  help  as  much  as  we  can* 

••Sisters!  Save  your  money  for  bread  for  the  hungry;  for  the  children,  that 


-J 


I  g  -  6  -  POLISH 

II  D  10 

III  H  Dzieiinlk  Zwiazkov/y^  lliaT.  L8,  1918. 

IV  ^  ' 

they  may  be  taken  to  Switzerland  to  be  rriturned  to  Poland  healthy; 
for  a  home  for  girls  that  will  be  a  liaven  in  v/hiclx  they  can  gain  nev;  strt^ngtlu 
Give  to  the  Polish  i'lrmy,   which  is  our  pride,   our  refuge •     Give,   so  that  the 
boys  v/iio  are  ofiering  their  livea  will  lack  nothin.^j!:.     lihile  others  are  giving    . 
everyti.ing  let  us   .lOt  be  like  stepnotli-jrs — let  Uii   shov/  that  a  v;oraan's  hscirt 
strives  to  ease  the  liard  life  of  the  soldir.r.     The     boys  are  going  to  battle!    .- 
Let  us  do  c     rything  we  can  for  then,  rn^/  siste^rs.     Let  us  organize  societies 
and  v;ork  like  bees,  continuously.     Give  your  pastors  you"*  attention^     This  - 

v^rk  will  Siiow  the  boys  that  v/e  care  for  them.     Not  only  do  they  need  sweaters 
and  socks—there  can  never  be  enough  socks — they  need  a  hospital,   ambulances, 
sheets,  clothing.     In  France  even  a  handkerchiof  cannot  be  obtained,     l.e  need 
girls  so  that  our  boys,   when  they  lie  dying  after  battle,  will  knov/  sisterly 
care,   will  hear  the  Polish  languoja,      ;;e  must   give  them  this  aid*     Not  only 
do  we  need  girls  of  good  will,   v;e  need  the  moans  to  maintain  them, 

^'I  v.'as  elected  president  of  the  Red  Cross   in  France,     It  is  a  groat  burden — too 
great  a  burden  for  raj/  shoulders.     But  I  accepted  it  v/ithout   hesitation,   for  I 


n 


-   7   - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  /Lwiazkowy,  L!ar«   28,    1918, 


II  D  10 

III  II 
IV 

believe  in  your  hearts,  the  hearts  of  w^nen,  that  vjhere  liberty  is  at 
stake,  v;ill  tl^ve   everything;.  And  so,  in  the  naine  of  God^   I  am  beginning  this 
•jork,  Iaiov;ing  that  each  v;onan  wili  do  her  part,   Thanlvc  to  the  pastors,  this 
v;ill  be  facilitated  throu^'-;h  their  efforts;  rather  than  a  burden,  it  will  be 
a  pleasure,  a  fulfillrnent  of  dut^''.  Yiy   rratitude  to  the  pastors  is  unbounded* 


"I  am  hapny  that  3^ou,  rny   sisters,  have  been  organizing  into  Helen  Par'^rev;ski 
societies.  It  makes  me  happy  that  you  v;ant  to  follov/  me.  .Je   will  have  one   ; 
thour.ht,  one  ideal.  In  order  to  accomDlish  our  task,  -.ve  must  stand  together,  t 
like  an  army  going  to  battle.  There  is  no  time  for  factional  conflicts  if  the 
job  is  to  be  done,   fnen  I  was  a  child,  my  grandmother  told  me  a  story  that 
made  a  deep  impression'  on  me,  A  certain  father  called  his  sons  to  his  death- 
bed. He  gave  them  a  bundle  of  sticks  tied  together;  each  son  ^ried  to  '^reak 
it,  but  could  not.  Then  the  father  untied  the  bundle  and  gave  each  son  one 
stick  to  break,  which,  of  course, was  easily  done,   ^It  is  the  same  in  life,* 
he  told  them,   ♦.Thile  you  are  united,  nothing  can  break  you;  separated,  you 
can  easily  be  broken.'  xijid  ive,  too,  dear  sisters,  can  be  strong  only  when  v/e 


II  D  10 


-  8  - 


DziennikZwiazkovy,  !.'ar.  28,  191B. 


PC'LISII 


III  H 

IV 

are  united.  If  dissension  creeps  in  amonc  us,  everything  is  lost. 

There  is  no  time,  as  I  have  said  before,  for  private  ambitions,  private 

animosities.  One  rreat  love  for  our  honeland  is  our  aim.   In  the  name  of 
^  that  homeland,  I  ^l^ad  for  work,  for  unity o  May  God  bless  that  v;crk  v/hich 
*  I  have  already  learned  to  love  and  for  v/hich  I  v/ill  be  thankful  from  the 

bottom  of  my  heart.  Follow  the  sugf-^estions  of  Father  Oronkowski,  with  whom 

I  will  al;vays  be  in  contact.  I  can  assure  you  that  mj^  heart  will  always  be 

near  you.  Be  well,  and  may  God  be  with  you  all." 


-e- 


To  vary  the  ^rorrram,  the  school  children  performed  a  r^y.Tnnastic  drill,  folloxv- 
ing  which  !v:adame  Paderewski  spoke  a^ain,  ur.^in--  those  at  the  head  of  the  move- 
ment to  collect  money  for  beds  for  the  hospital. 

The  Reverends  Vojtalewicz  andGrudzinski  then  spoke,  each  pleading  for  unity 
and  aid  in  the  work  laid  out  by  Ivlada:  e  Paderewski. 

"Chicago,  as  the  lan-est  Polish  city  in  America  should  set  an  example  for  work 


I  G  -  9  -  POLISH 

II  D  10 

III  H  Dziennik  Zwiazkov7y>  Liar.   28,  1918 • 
17 

and  sacrifice  wiiich  others  will  follow,     we  must  understand  tliat  the 
idea  advanced  by  Padere^viski  and  his  wife  can  be  made  a  reality,"  said  Father 

Gradzinski.     He  continual,   "Let  us  reply  with  needs Let  us  reply  with  / 

\;ork  and  deeds,  and  shov/  tliat  we,   too,  have  the  good  of  our  beloved  homeland   -;_ 
at  heart."  T 


Other  speakers  v;ere  I^irs.  Neumcn,  Miss  ilapieralski,  M:?s.  ozyjiianski  of  Town  of 
Lake,   and  lirs»  liile  .\3ki. 

The  Ii9V3rend  Gronko;-3ki  tlumkel  Lbdame  Paderov/ski  for  corainc-  to  the  mass  meet 
in^.     Tie  asked  also  that  the  wor!:  be  not  ^lalayed  and  that  purcli-does  of  wool 
be  made  in  the  local  storc:JS.     Lleiab.ri  ox'  ^^t.  liedwig*s  Parish  have  already 
sent  176  pairs  of  socks,  made  fron  ;vool  purch-ised  thenvselves.     The   soldi srs 
also  need  shirts,  a  pattern  for  which  will  be  supplied  by  l^adame  Padert/eski 
and  will  be   sent  to   the  various  societies.     In  the  matter  of  beds.  Father 
Gronkov/s'ri  su^gest-r^d  that  the  Helen  Paderev;ski  societies  collect  for  these, 
plac.ng  the  money  in  his  hands.     This  he  v;ill  acknov/ledse  by  publisliinc  in  the 


< 


-  10  - 


POLISH 


I  G 

II  D  10 

III  H 

IV 

lists  in  the  local  papers*     Father  Grronkov;ski  also  mentioned  that 
the  prisoners  have  no  clothes  to  wear*     Ke  suggested  collecting  old  clothes 


Dziennik  ..v;iazkovry>  liar,     :8,   1913, 


and  sending  them  to  St.  iidalbort^s  Ptxrish* 


Before  the  mass  meeting  ended,   thirty-tv;o  beds  v;ere  pledged  by  the  follov;ing  :.^, 
individuals,   groups,  and  societes: 


,'  •< 


Mrs*  './•  SzjTitLnski  of  St.  Adalbert's  Parish,   the  Women's  Division  polish  f;.; 

National  AllianceT",  ^rs.  U.  Mile-.vski,  Hrs.  M.  Slaska  of  St.  Adalbert's  Parish^ ' 
lirs.  '»'/.  Hybicki,  i/irs.  1.1.  Gijriielinski,  I.Irs.   J.  Przybss,  Helen  Paderevjski 
Society  of  South  Chicago   (two  beds),  Helen  Paderev/ski  Society  of  Jvanston, 
lilrs.  P.   Rutkov/3ki,  ^vs.  iC.  Hibner,  the  v/omen  of  Tov/n  of  Lake,  Ih's.  £.  Jankov/ski, 
Mrs.  P.  Hozmyslovvics,  iilrs.  E.  Schill  -t,  the  Helen  Paderewski  Society  of  Holy 
Innocents  Parish  (tvAD  beds),  i^s.  K.  Lubejkd,  the  Helen  Paderei/ski  Society 
of  Bridgeport,  l..rs.  A.  Danisch  of  St.   *venceslaus  Parish,  Idrs.   .Vleklinsi, 
!.lrs.  Bronder,  i^irs.  P.  Opila,  Ivirs.  J.  Jedrzojek  of  St.  Helen's  Parish,  lirs. 
r-^ominski,  the  Helen  Paderev/ski  Society  of  St.  Helen's  Parish,   the  Helen 


I  G 


-  11  - 


POLISH 


Dzlenuilc  Swiazlcovy.  Mar.   28,    1913, 


II  D  10 

III  H 
IV 

Paderev/ski  Society  of  i'-rgo,  i'lrs.  A,  Paczkov/ski  and  daughter  of 
St.  Adalbert's  Parish,  -rs.  "J.  Pelka,  and  I.irs,  Tooaszewski. 


The  aeetina  was  concluded  with  the  sinsini?  of  "Boze  Zbaw  Polske"  (God  Save 
Poland;,  to  the  piano  acconT:)aniiaent  of  Lliss  Josephine  Niedzwiecki. 


Vera  Gorecki,  Secretary, 


POLISH 


Dzlenulk  Zwlazkovjy,  Ijar,  25,  1918. 


POLISH  .iffi.JY'  IvLiSS  ISiSTING  HELD  IN  ST.  CASILIIR^S  PaRISE 


St«  Casiiair*s  Parish,  v/here  the  Reverend  Albert  Furman  is  pastor,  held  its 
first  Polish  Army   mass  meetin£;  yesterday*  Actually,  this  meeting  v/as  called 
for  the  prupose  of  discussing  a  national  tax,  but  under  pressui'e  of  public 
opinion,  the  Reverend  Furinan  consented  to  allow  Polish  Array  agitation*  Dele- 
gated to  this  task  as  speakers,  by  Recruiting  Center  II,  were  J*  V/edda,  Treas- 
urer of  the  /Oentval/  Citizens'  Conmittee,  and  H.  Lokanski,  editor  of  Dziennik 
ZwiazkoY/y»  Profiting  by  his  stay  of  a  few  hours  in  Chicago,  Dr»  A*  Kasparek, 
recruiting  officer  for  Omaha,  Nebraska,  who  was  on  his  way  to  the  training 
camp,  also  attended  the  meeting*  Thanks  to  the  inconprehensible  hostility  of 
Father  Furraan  to  the  Polish  Array,  the  meeting  v;as  not  as  well  attended  as  it 
should  have  been,  although  there  vr.;s  a  considerable  nuiaber  of  serious-minded 
parishioners  in  the  hall.  The  Revsrend  Furman's  hostility  to  Polish  arras 
vms  already  pronounced  during  the  discussions  on  the  national  tax,  but  it 
came  out  most  violently  after  the  speakers  had  finished  their  addresses* 


O 


CO 
CD 


Cr» 


ttU»~Uii♦*,*i^'=IIW>»^^'■"^■"H^-*■••-^*r•* 


I  G 

III  H 
IV 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  ZwiQ-zkovty .   liar.  25,  1918. 


H^  Lokanski  spoke  first,  descril)in£:  not  only  the  be{^innings  of  the  Polish  Array 
but  its  development,  its  estimated  size  today,  and  the  reasons  v/hy  every  one 
of  us  should  try  to  loalce  this  array  as  large  as  possible* 

Follov7in£5  this  addr^^ss,  V/edda  spoke,  explaining  more  broadly  v«hy  Poles  ought 
to  fight,  how  great  their  duty  is  to  their  homeland,  and  their  responsibili- 
ties to  posterity  if  the  present  chances  for  achieving  the  independence  of 
Poland  are  not  made  use  of  to  the  best  advantage. 

Dr.  Kasparek  then  spoke,  giviu:*  the  opinions  of  the  most  prominent  European 
statesmen  on  Poland.  He  told  how  these  opinions  ought  to  be  upheld  in  order 
that  the  greatw^st  national,  political,  and  economic  benefio3  may  be  gained 
from  the  v;ar. 


:^ 


•>» 


c: 


All  of  these  Gpeeches  v/ere  highly  i:iflurarnatory  and  enthusiastically  applauded^ 
The  Reverend  Furman,  who  had  evidently  been  sitting  as  if  on  pins  and  needles, 
arose  to  say  that  all  this  enthusiasm  and  oratory  is  superfluous,  for  the 


.».4-»Ji.  .^■■J-**  vw^tsV. 


"e^iJA  *-jt<s  ^  jfc^at'-T^ ^,wM.« .fxs -.n( ^ 


I  G 
III  H 

IV 


-  3  - 


POLISH 


Dzlennik  Zwiazkowy,  liiar,  25,  1918. 


Poles  do  not  need  it  (sici).  Since  the  hall  v/as  quiet — obviously  the  quiet 
of  displeasure—Father  Furman,  in  order  to  defeat  a  good  cause,  first  denied 
the  creditability  of  two  of  the  speakers,  saying  tl^t  he  did  not  know  them, 
that  he  had  other  inforiiation  about  them  from  highly-placed  people,  and  that 
the  Polish  Army  is  only  sending  agitators  here  to  mislead  the  people*  If  not 
for  the  fact  tliat  these  words  were  spoken  by  Father  Furman,  if  not  for  the 
fact  tliat  both  speakers  are  very  well  known  in  St»  Casimir*s  Parish,  where 
Lokanski,  especially,  has  spoken  at  various  gatherings  for  many  years  and,  after 
one  of  them,  vjas  even  a  guest  of  Father  Furman  at  the  rectory;  and,  furthermore, 
if  not  for  the  fact  that  both  speakers  took  the  term  '^agitators"  as  a  compli- 
ment rather  than  an  insult,  since  today  it  is  an  honor  to  v/ork  for  the  Polish 
oause  at  least  as  an  "agitator,"  the  priest's  words  would  not  liave  gone  unanswered 
There  v;as  sufficient  satisfaction  for  the  speakers  in  the  speech  by  Pijanowski, 
who  thanked  them  sincerely  and  promised  that  the  healthy  seed  sown  by  them 
would  produce  a  hundredfold  crop  in  St*  Gasimir's  Parish^  ^ 


'D 


o 


Father  Furman  did  nyot  stop  at  this,  however*  In  order  to  prevent  establishment 


I  G 

III  H 
IV 


-  4  - 


POLISH 


Dziennllc  Zwlazkowy^  Mar.  25,  1918 • 


of  a  recruiting  station  in  St.   Casimir's  Parish,  he  attacked  the  Polish  Army, 
supposedly  for  the  good  of  those  who  might  be  considering  enlistment.  He 
claimed  that  the  soldiers  in  the  Polish  Army  are  not  paid,  that  despairing 
letters  come  from  the  training  camp,  that  these  soldiers  are  not  insured, 
and  that  they  receive  no  care.  Father  Furman  himself  knew  that  all  this 
was  not  true,  but  he  made  these  statements  deliberately,  with  the  intention  of 
lowering  the  Polish  Army  in  the  eyes  of  his  audience  and  discouraging  en- 
listment* 


Father  Furman's  scandalous  attack  was  ably  answered  by  one  of  his  younger 
parishioners,  who  arose  and  said  that  all  these  accusations  were  untrue,  for 
he  himself  has  a  brother  in  the  Polish  Army  who  is  already  in  France,  and  a 
friend  who  is  in  the  training  camp.  Letters  from  them,  he  said,  do  not  find 
words  enough  in  praise  of  the  Polish  Army  and  the  way  it  is  conducted.  He 
admitted  that  the  Polish  soldiers  complain  of  the  shortage  of  tobacco,  but 
all  the  soldiers  in  France  lack  tobacco.  After  all,  that  is  what  our  citizens' 
committees  are  for,  to  supply  our  boys  with  tobacco,  for  they  lack  nothing 


-  5  - 


Dziennlk  Zwlazkowy,  l^r.  25,  1918, 


POLISH 


else*  The  audience  rev/arded  him  with  a  storm  of  applause,  which  added  to 
Father  Furman's  displeasure,  although  he  toned  down  and  thereafter  attacked 
less  sharply* 


Point  for  point,  Father  Furman^s  accusations  vjere  then  answered*  How,  when, 
and  in  what  anount  the  Polish  soldiers  will  be  paid  was  explained  b3^  V/edda. 
Soldiers'  insurance,  tecljiical  arrangements  in  the  training  camps,  and  citi- 
7,ens*  committee  regulations  wei^e  extensively  explained  by  Dr.  Easparek.  The 
gathering  acce-ptod  ther.e  explanations  with  approval,  which  discouraged  Father 
Furman  from  further  attack*  Since  the  speakers  left  the  hall  after  these 
explanations,  v;e  do  not  know  v/hat  further  arguments  the  pastor  used  against 
the  Polish  Army*  ;Ve  know,  however,  that,  whether  he  opposes  it  or  not,  a 
recruiting  station  v/ill  be  established  in  St.  Casimir's  Parish,  for  the  members 
of  that  parish  have  recognized  their  duty  to  their  homeland* 


o 


V/e  believe,  however,  that  the  Reverend  Furman  will  desist  in  his  opposition 
and  give  his  aid  in  this  sacred  cause* 


I  G 
III  H 
17 


POLISH 


Dzlennlk  av:iazkov7y,  l^v.   18,  1918. 


POLISH  ^iSlCI  rU.LLY  IiTILD  HI  BRIDGEPORT 


A  rally,  imder  the  auspices  of  the  local  Citizens'  Comnittee,  was  held  at  the 
A.  I'ickiftTvicz's  H^ll  on  South  Morgan  Street  in  Bridgeport  yesterday  afternoon* 
At  three  o'clock,  the  hall  was  already  filled  to  capacity  -ivith  men  and  women 
who  had  come  to  hear  speeches  on  the  Polish  /Lrmy,  which  is  being  recruited  here 
to  fight  alongside  the  Allies  against  Poland's  age-old  enemj'',  Germany,  to  avenge 
all  of  the  wrongs  done  to  the  Polish  nation,  and  to  help  democracy  win  throughout 
the  world. 

Shortly  after  three  o'clock,  the  orchestra,  conducted  by  /^L/Bakszewicz,  played 
a  few  selections,  for  which  it  was  rewarded  with  thiinderous  applause. 


The  rally  was  opened  at  four  in  the  afternoon  with  the  /imerican  national  anthem, 
after  which  A.  Giesiewicz,  president  of  the  local  Citizens'  Committe^7,  called 
upon  /n/^  3r;iatkov;ski  to  preside  and  /''/^  Hocny  to  perforrr.  the  duties  of 
secretar:'-.  The  speakers  and  represents  oives  of  the  Polish  Amiy  were  also  called 


I  g 
III 

IV 


"^T 


roLis: 


Dziennil:  ^.viylio^rr,   \\\v.   \'C^   1910 


to  th:^   ^'lut:.'o^rI• 


Chairni  .n    3  ;iut;:ov;.sL'i   doliv   re 
3.   1,'a'vroc'ci,    pa:- tor  o?  ^^t.   '^ir; 
{:^athcrinr  in  prr^'ai^ 


•/iOrt 


■i-airesn 


.ji>.  tjien  rooucstad  the  Tieverond 


Oi    I:.L'i-:cul'ito  Cuncontion  Pirish,    to   leal  tlie 


Since   the  St.    B-<rbara   cl:cir  v;a:>  not    ^resent   to  jin-^,    B-ikszev/ic./.' r>   orcliOGtra 
pl!-;.'^^   ''•[-.idle:'  of  ]''c^lish  Son;  3'',    a.*tjr   ..hica   tjio  TievorenJ  r.HVvroc::i  :va3  r.olied  ^ 

to   3>)ea'C.      father  I'-i  -r-'C'ri   be^an   o;'  sa^^inr  that   i.o  is  not  a'.^crd3toMod  to   speak- 
in,:   in  'i  hill,    but   in  c/iurcii  iTon  tli-i    ^il^dt,    but  ranee  tlie  matter  iri   i;.iportant, 
he  ..'Oiild  uo  ais   dut:*.      In  'lin   aalresr, ,    }ie  touched  upon  the  I'lte  l^ono^s   s.^'iipathy 
for  the   rolish  cause,   anc  u^^on  nor:n^.n  hone-:',  th- t  /ol'ini  io    ;*orever  lost,     !Ie 
3ai;:   that   the  G  .rnans  hao    ^een  conaucLin::  nolitical   int.ri;:ues   in  I'oland  Tor  cen- 
tUT'ies   an  i  tli"t  Poland  did  not   ,.'all  b..;caur,o  ol  b^-.l    -ov  jrnja  ;nt   but   because  of 
G-ennan   trickor.'.     The  s  )eLi  a.:.'  sai^  th  -t  h-'  could  see  tiie  resuiTootion  of  Poland 
in  the  near     'uture.      '.'e  believes  th:.t   t  ae   (jcniunit  '  of  13rid --eport   ..ill   send 
soldiers  to  t/io  Polisii  An.r-  -ma    Lhat   the   ..onen  will  ai^;    in  this  ;/or]:.      It  v/as  the 


I  g 

III  II 

IV 


-  ;5  - 


poLi^i: 


Dziennil: 


iazkovr 


I . . 


,r.    lij,   191S. 


spoaliar's  belie T  al3o  thtiit  tlie  i-olir.Ii  -..OMon  o^  Bri(i.:cr;ort  v;o'ald   ^.rovo  tliam.salvaG 
trii3   dHiifT'it.-jrG  of  Polcind.      A  thief  ciinnot   be  oxpcctju  to   rive  bucl:   .;liat  he  1ms 
stolen — it  nust  bo   ta-:on  fro  .  ..in  b'r   force. 


!I8  al.30    i^ointed  out   that  the  Poli  :h  ^J^':\y  n-33d3  not   only  non  but  iiionev,    ;or,    if 
the  German  cones  upon  U3   ..ith  cannon,     ;3  cannot    I'ic-^^  ^^i-'^    vith  bai^e  fists,      .;r 
too  niur,t  h-.ve  cannon,     lie  called  u- on  everyone  for  r^^iv3'rosit/  ±n  this   cause, 
de'ionstratin-*  how  MUch  can  b^    /.one   oy  unitud    \ction.     He   cited  as  an  exajrr^le, 
the   3C'\ool  children's   collection  Liade  \iv  of    )ennie.:,    ./-.ich    ilread-^  ajiiounts  to 
nore   than  a  hundred   dollars,      lie  ex'oror.sed  the  r.o-^e  that   ev9r:-'one  aould  leave 
the  ineetin.""  .;ith  ei.r^t^^  T>,oG::ets,      In  conclusion,    he  ezT^ressed  tlie  nope   that   our 
Pcli-.h  soldiers  return  to  their  fai^.ilies   f re  .  tae   .iar  unri^irmed  and  in  the  best 
of  health,    but  .  ioh  tiie  ne?;s  that  Poland  has    oqqh  fraoc:  f roa  the  yo^z^  of  tyrunt/S 
after  a  h'mdred  or  so  ^^ears  of  oppression. 


C5 
"-4 


Follov/in-^  rather  r:av;roc"ci*c  address,    O'laiiiaan  Swi  .tko./ski   spolcj  on  the  necessity 
of  contribut  inr;  Lioney  to   the  Polish  Ar.iy,     h'e   calculated  ho.;  much  could  be 


I  g 

III  H 


-  4  - 


Dziennik  Zv/iazkov/y ,   I  .a r . 


IB 


POLISH 


1918. 


collected   if  everyone  oi    the  j'uur  iriiilion  xoles   in  Aiierica  contricut  fid  a  cer- 
tain amount.     Even  v/itn  snail  contributions,    six  Million  dollars   could    be 
collected   in  the  course  o     six  ::onths.     For  this  money,    enour-  cannon  could 
te  purchased   to   chase  all   oi*    one  Geririan.i   out   cL'  Poland.     He  appointed  the 
follov/inr   '//orien  to   take  up  a  collecoic.::      ^rs.    GraLOv/ski,   ^..rs.   Ciesielski, 
Piss  iCurei:,   and  I  iss  Gcsirz.      .7hila  the   collection  v;as  leinr  takon,    the 
orches'ora   played  a    ceauv^iiui  musical   selection.      Ir   audition  t(j   zhe   colloctioij 
taken   on  tlia  :*loor,    a  nui.iuar  oi   iniiv^i^duals   and   fjocioLi^s  made  contributions 
into   tu^e  handi   of  Prs.    Pulia   Pauer,  ^secretary  of  the  local  Citizens'    Com- 
mitte_e/,   v/Pich  totalled     153.00.      The  collection  on  the  floor  ];ettei      121.16, 
makinf  a   tot;l  of    "204.16. 


v^.  .' 


/^Itemized  list  of  contriuu"Gors  omitted  oy  trnnslat,c)r\^ 


The  next  number  on  the  pro.';r-.:.m  v;as  a  selection  lv  the  St.  Pari>ara  Choir.  The 
Choir  3an^^  the  ^Pedley  of  Polish  Sor-rs'*  faultlessly  and  v;as  forced  to  rf::].eat  the 


I  g 
III  ]i 
I" 


r". 


T):^,ionni 


.;';i:Z:o.v 


POLISH 


.  i  1  J. 


"I  , 


It;  18 


J.  1. 


tho  iir^3t  racruit  to  the 


Tlio  next   a.idr3.:n  m:i   '^elivero.!    j' 


^arc.     Tlij  3^:)ja:0jr     ointoa  out   tae 


dutias  or  tiio  ^-olish  e'^i:-*rant   elc  .ont  to  i'olan-.,    :.ovj  thajo  (iutiei":  hr.vc;  thus 
far  bjj:;   uerromad,    an  "i   '^lo-.    oho"   oho  .Ic.    ba   purj.'ormed.      lie  y)ointad  oat  tii.t 
todav  tho  ?oli::h  cause   i^^   Ox*  iir:'t   Lii!:ort   nc^:?,    Lh.t   the  gi'oat  T)0\;ort;  are 
intorested   i'-   tii-t   cause,    that   i-oiand   i.:.  supported   .;:"  the  /allied  nations  and 
esoeci  ill;-  b;'-  this  c^'oat   roT^ubiic,    tho  United  3t  .tej,    .;ith  Preniuent    .il^^on 
at   its  hj^ad.      The   s:.)eaher  called   rrion  the  ■a:)uth   to  enlist  nirvjrousl:^  in  th  j 
Polisii  /.iiT'.      .St.iV  tni*^    address,    the   c]iair.:an  requestj^..  Lhe  orci.ostra  to 
play  anoLh-r  n'Jiiaber, 


f" 


:'rs.   Julia  hauor,    secret- r7  of  th  3  local  Citizens'    Ooniii^tee  then  reud  the 
report   Oi   thj  collections  that  v;ere  tahen    ina  rollo,70c      its  i;   short  address 
on  tiie  Fclish  Ar::r',    callin'*.  every  one  to   vvorh,    "or  Poland's    /roatest  hour  is 


a  o  i  i  an  < 


er  patriotic  address  \;as   rev;ardeu   .;ith  •;   stor::i  of  a:)ylau3e. 


I 


r> 


III  1 
17 


.J  ..J  X.  -^^xk      X  .«. 


-V'./'O./ 


::.r.    1  :,    1918. 


P0LI3]I 


F.   ralucli  .^aiif;:  a   tor;  cony^osed  by  iiiMool-'  a:^   th j  neict  nunbir. 
h  ive  alroacl-    -'oinoci  the  rolish    \rn-'. 


::i3  t'.7o  brotliers 


_/^ords  to   Gon;-  ord*".tja  b--  translator/.  :z 

'   ■-.rr* 

..a"t.-;r  3in»'in;,,     Paluca  duliv^red   a  r-;taor  lurL*lix7  address   in  .v'aica  ho  called  r^* 
upon  t'ii  3  :'oauii  to   unliot   in  the  a'oli^.^h  /-xny  -mu  u  )on  tho  ol^ior   -oonle,    ..ho 

Cannoo   ro  to    .;ar,    ta  conLributa  aa  auch   aS  "aoaaibla   to   the  Polisii  oaUoe,    ea-  cj) 

peci^rill:'  to  tha  Z^'oli.n"    \v^'^  yund ,    for  t'lo  '■Cj:'.:cj   i;  a^-eaarin'^  to   fi  iit   our  a:.':e-old  7f^ 
^njivj  y   thj  Croman. 


The  rally 
"aoze  Cos 


mded  at   about   -^^^y: ^,  o'clock  in 


4-'.. 
KJil 


GV'jnin^   .vitli  tha  oinr-in^:;  of 


oc 


aolan' 


»^ 


'^':jcruits  ':'riv3n  Jjnd-off 


I     Cr 
III 


-    7    - 


op 


KLiiii: 


1.  ,    191c. 


BeJore  tlu  rallv  ondod,    tho   C'.airnun  announced  that,    in  'iucord:\nce   ..■•iti.  the 
ranjrccll'''  accepted  cu.'to'i,    tiio  'Zitizjn^  ^  CJcniittoe  iiad   arraii,  :od  a  sond-oif 
P'lrt:''  for  t:ij   eleven  recruits   ./ho  aro  laavinr-  tonoxTO:;   for  th^  training,  canp 
at  iIi:.r;;a-^-^^^-th  j-La  :o,    to   b;  h.lv.    ;t   ji'-].t   o'clock    .t    tlu  recruit  in;:  lieaa- 
'ouartorr,   on   3outh  !'.or'-an    ^tr.^^t. 


In  ad«.".ii:ion  to  thj   eleven  volant-ers  t^eni^elves,    tluir  relatives   and  all  of 
the  aenbers  of  the  Citizans'    Cornjnittaa  v;ore  rre:>ent.      ..ftar  a  short  araver 
anc   the  :-:in-^-in-^  of  '*^^ozo  Oo.i  lolske",    the;  volant  jers  ..aid  invited  ;_;uests 
sat   uovm  to   a  Hodest   banquet  vdiich  had  been  hiirriedl:"  prep:^roG.      Tie  r-eneral 
atiaosrliore  v/as  one   of  div^:ni":iv,    vet   noo   l.'ic-:in  ■    in  sincerit".      In   biddin,*  the 
vol^mtcers   f--i-e.;ell,   the   i^enoral  ho])e   .;  .s  e::prooae^  not   onl^  that  the:'  return 
to  their  hoi'.es   safel:'-  but   thit  the;^  be  liarbinrers  of  th^  ne.vs  lonf:  ir:ipationtl7 
av;aited  b:'  us  thai:,    -iftjr  a  cantuiv  of  iiisfortvjie,   Polina   is  a,:ain  free  and 
stands   cunon^-    thj  ;;reat  nations  of  furope.     This  is   tha   spirit   in  v;hich   spoke 
•drs.   Julia  Bauer,   3te]^]ien  Ealinski,    recruiting  ser-;eant    'or  Bridijeport, 
Oi' 


*• 


esie./icz,    president  of  tiie  3rid-:eport   Citizens'    Ooipjiittae,   T.    3.7iatnicki, 


Ill 

r7 


PCLIJ'I 


■^•zianni': 


i;viiiZi:owy,  !.';.r.    in,    1918. 


^'!.   S\7iat':icj;ic:^,    j\   ?nluo:i,      .     .ioczore]:,   J",    "ero-:,    troasuror  of  tlu  Co::i:;iii:teu, 
x\   Liikasse.o]:!,   J.     i.    3udoi*^.v.S::i,     in  i  othorn   ..hoce  naries   the  reyort'-jr  v;-is  net 
able   to  -^rocure   ^-inca  lie  had  tn  leave    b^iis   trul:'  hone:'  ^ntlierin'*  boiore  its 
conclusion. 


A  nurab'^r  oT  soldiers*   sonr'o  v;jre  sun- 
ended  at   about  eleven  o'cloc:. 


uurin 


the   course  of  th' 


venin/^,  v/ltich 


Toda;'",    aftjr  hearin^j  :al\s3j    thj  volunt-^ers  depirted  for  "•ecruitin;:  station  II, 
and  iro'i  th^re  to  the  r.llroad   sti.tion,    to   folio.'    those    ;:'0  have 


.Iread:''  -one 


before  to    L'i:j;I.t  for  ':er.ocr  •c:'  and  for  1-olisii  freoao 


.■i.( 


.1 


Of 


I  G 
III  H 
IV 


POLISH 


Dzieimik  :^iviQzI:o\vy,  Mar.  18,  1918. 


LL^3-:i:^i2;TiiJG  il^ld  in  3T.  JOSEPH'S  p^jiisri 


The  mass  meeting  that  was  held  yesterday  afternoon  at  the  3t.  Joseph  Parish 
Hall  for  the  benefit  of  the  Polish  Army  v;as  unsuccessful,  for  the  conimittae 
in  charge,  v;Lich  v;as  not  oven   present  itself  at  the  raeeting,  had  failed  to 
advertise  it  in  the  nev/spapers,  and,  xs  a  result,  the  general  public  knew 
nothing  about  it. 


T 


Haduch,   an  organizer  of  the  Polish  .-^ay  :.iade  an  hour-long  speech  to  the 
hundred  or  so  persons   ^-athered  in  th3   hall.     He  spoke  of  the  Polish  S^iny 
and  its  task.     The  speaker  said  that  he  was  pained  to  see  that   the  corimu- 
nity  v/hich  had  once  been  first  in  the  number  oi*  recruits  and  aiiount  of 
money  supplied  to  the  Polish  .irriy  is  na.7  so  little  interested  in  our  home- 
land's  Cause. 


-c5 
o 

CO 

ay 


The  second  address  v;as  made  by  Sigiaund  ./isniewski,   color  sergeant  of  the 


I  G 

III  K 
IV 


--  2  ' 


Jzieimik  ILwiazkov/y,  Mar.   18,   1918. 


POLISH 


jlleventh  Regiment  of  the  ;jnerican  .Irjny  and  vatoran  of  the  Spanish-. Jiierican 
V/ar.     He  gave  a  few  exanples  of  the   treacherous  methods  employed  b^r  the 
Germans  in  battle,   and  called  upon  the  :,''oung  men  to  enlist  in  the  Polish 
Ariny . 


The  meeting  ended  ;7ith  the  sinking  of   ''Jaszcze  Golsica  IJie 
is  not  yet  lost). 


i^^incala"   (rol^ind 


50 


CO 

— f 


I  g 

III  H 
IV 


POLISH 


Dzicrmlk  lllv/lazkowy,  liar,   IG,   1918 


».  ' 


IB  H3  OUH  O'.'S:  PCLICII'.SII 


(Editorial) 


XX 


few  bitter  words  which,  if  turned  into  action,  night  be  blessed. 


It  is  uvith  bitterness  that  we  report  that  for  some  time  the  nuiaber  of  recruits 
to  the  Polish  Anay  fron  Chicago  has  fallen  to  merely  a  few  daily.  If  it  were 
not  for  the  suburban  corimunities,  in  v/liich  recruiting  activities  are  con- 
siderably livelier,  it  would  be  impossible  to  send  a  .voekly  transport  of  any 
size  to  the  training  camp,  /ind  this  is  happening  in  that  same  city  of  Chicago 
which  at  first  was  sending  three  hundred  and  more  recruits  to  Kosciusko  Camp 
weekly,  v;hich  for  a  loiig  time  stood  at  tlie  head  of  the  recruiting  movement, 
setting  an  example  tliat  awakened  action  in  othor  Polish  communities  all  over 
the  United  States. 


-  yj 


^.. 


I  G 
III  H 
IV 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkov/y^  Mar.  16,  1S18 


Today,  that  same  Cliicaco,  the  conter  of  .jnerican  Polonia,  has  been  left  be- 
hind to  such  a  de/iPoe  that  v;hile  Detroit,  for  example,  sends  three  hundred 
recruits,  Chicago  sends  a  raere  handful. 

..e  are  not  writing  this  v;ith  the  intention  of  placing  an;^'-  bla.ie  upon  the 
officers  in  charge  of  recruiting  in  Chicago*  Indeed,  v;e  acknowledge  the 
anti-like  activity  of  all  those  engaged  in  recruiting  in  Chicago.  Recruit- 
ing Officer  A.  ./olski  as  jell  as  the  organizers  are  doing  ever:r''thing  in  their 


pov;er  to  give  the  nove.:ient  impetus.. •  #30  as  to  :iake  up  the  losses  caused  by 
the  stagnation  of  the  last  few  .veeks.  The  fault  is  not  to  be  sought  here, 
then,  but  elsewhere  entirely. 

It  must  be  confirmed  first  of  all  that  although  the  Polish  people  of  Chicago 
are  as  highly  patriotic  as  ever  before,  the  best  example  of  v/hich  is  the  last 
de^.onstration  at  the  Coliseam,  their  enthusiasm  lacks  practical  direction. 


-a 


G 


-  o  - 


^OLISH 


III  H 


Dzieanik  .>/iazkovA%  Liar.  16,  1910. 


while  in  the  c^^^^ral  activity,  there  is  no  prograii  by  which  all  the  Poles  of 
Chicago  could,  .vithout  exception,  guide  thenselves.  There  is  beginning  to 
be  too  much  of  empty  phrases  and  de.ionstrations  among  us.   .Ve  hold  mass 
meetings,  but  for  the  most  Durt  they  end  in  mere  rhetoric,  /e  hold  parades 
and  manifestations,  numerously  attended,  periia^s,  but  only  tliat  is  a  peacock^ 
we  mi(?;ht  adinire  our  colorful  pluinage.  In  all  of  our  work  tliere  appears  to  be 
a  lack  of  substance,  a  lack  of  real  effort  toward  a  predetermined  good.  V/e 
make  slo;'::ans  but  do  not  live  ud  to  them. 


At  our  mass  meetings,  .;e  call  for  sacrifices  ./orthy  of  every  Pole;  by  rising, 
fathers  and  mothers  pledge  themselves  to  se.id  their  sons  to  the  Polish  Armjr; 
girls  make  vov;s  that  they  will  not  even  look  at  -'slackers-';  men  with  dependents 
promise  to  avoid  contact  v/ith  cov;ards.   ;/e  pledge  ourselves,  only  to  forget    - 
those  pledges  once  we  have  left  the  hall.   Jven  in  ?alcon  nests  and  military 
societies  a  definite  stand  has  rarely  been  taken;  as  for  example:  a  motion  to 
expel  from  the  Falcon  ranks  all  those  young  cowards  v/ho,  having  no  dependents. 


I  0 
III  H 
IV 


-  4  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkov/:;,  i.'ar.  16,  191C, 


do  not  join  the  Polish  Army: 

:Je   ought  to  fulfill  the  abovementioned  duties  at  every  step.  ;J*ter  all, 
Poland  is  at  v;ar  today,  and  this  the  rnost  terrible  v/ar  tliat  uny  nation  was 
aver  involved  in,   ;ve  are  not  fighting  merely  for  some  piece  of  land  or  some 
economic  udvantaso,  ve  are  fighting  for  the  life  of  our  nation,  for  the  ex- 
istence or  non-existe-oe  of  our  children,  of  the  natui'al  v/ealth  of  our  home- 
land. If  then,  nations  fighting  for  only   a  part  of  what  we  are  fighting  for, 
or  for  a  principle  only,  as  with  .unerica,  are  instituting  universal  and  com- 
pulsory nllitary  service,  then  ho^v  much  greater  is  tte  justification  of  com- 
pulsorjf  mlitarj'-  service  a:iong  us,  the  Poles? 

But  true,  with  us,  the  obligation  is  simpler  a  moral  one,  for  v;e  have  no 
gendarmes  or  police  v/ho  would  take  the  obstinate  and  the  cov;ards  into  the 
Polish  iiirmy  by  force.  3;iould  not,  hov/ever,  our  moral  obligation  be  stronger 
than  the  club  or  ba2^onet  of  a  policeman  or  gendarme  in  vie;v  of  the  possibility 


I  G 
III  H 
IV 


-  5  - 


POLISH 


Dziennlk  J>viazko\7y,  liar.  16,  1918 


of  a  free,  united,  and  independent  Poland?  Can  we  not,  after  all,  change 
this  moral  obligation  to  a  real  one  even  though  we  have  only  moral  ,  leans  by 
tvhich  to  do  so? 


Definitely  yes  I  /uid  we  ought  to  make  use  of  those  .:ioral  means,   .Ve  ought  to 
be  our  own  gendarmes  and  police,  v;hom  v;e  lack.  A  father  should  look  to  his 
son,  a  brother  to  his  brother,  that  he  enlist  in  the  Polish  /j^my.  '-others 
should  see  that  their  daughters,  and  sisters  tii£it  their  sisters,  contribute 
part  of  their  efforts  for  the  Polish  .irrpy's  benefit.  Let  us  organize  our 
girls  and  bind  them  with  the  sacred  vow  that  they  will  hold  in  contempt  all 
Polish  ^'slackers."  Let  us  expel  from  our  organizations  all  those  who,  hav- 
ing no  dependents,  v;ant  to  enjoy  life  in  /^jnerica  v/liile  others  go  to  shed 
their  blood  for  them.  :Jver:/'  Pole  who  car.not  enlist  in  the  Polish  Army  should 
report  to  the  recruiting  station  the  name  and  address  of  every  young  man 
who,  having  no  dependents,  still  does  not  enlist.  He  should  bring  in  the 
name  of  eveiY   single  man  up  to  forty-five  years  of  age  vjho,  v;hile  he  could 


I  G 

III  H 
IV 


-  6   - 


Dziennik  Zv/iazko^rr,  Mar.   16,  1910 


POLISH 


be  of  use  to  tlie  Polish  -in.iy,  does  net  join  it.  Let  our  .jreat  dnty   to  Poland, 
to  the  future  generations  be  our  policenan,  our  conscience,  which  v;ill  later 
kill  us  if  v/e  do  not  fulfill  the  duty  that  rests  v;ith  ever^'  Pole. 

In  this  way,  v/e  v/ill  effect  a  draft  registration  in  Chicago  for  the  Polish 
Army,  and  v;e  v/ill  find  that  there  is  no  truth  in  our  evasions  that  we  luck 
material  for  volunteers.  It  will  be  so  c^eat  an  untruth,  such  a  challenging 
one,  that  shame  v/ill  cover  us  and  v/e  v/ill  help  the  recruit ii^,  center  and  the 
Citizens'  Committee  to  enlist  those  registered  so  that  they  v/ill  not  disgrace 
our  community. 


Let  us  begin  this  action  toda^'',  i  mediately,  v/ithout  delay.  For  the  good  of 
the  cause,  let  us  all  be  policemen  of  our  consiciances  and  then  there  v/ill 
be  no  more  such  reports  that  put  us  to  shame,  as  v/hen  Detroit  supplied  several 
hundred  recruits  to  the  few  score  from  Chicago,  a  city  nearly  five  times  as 
large  as  Detroit. 


I  g 

III  H 
IV 


Dziennik  ^v/iaz-iov/y,  LnPo  15,  1918. 


POLISH 


oT,  irir.vCi:;^n»o  ku^isi:  :ioldo  .LiCRiJiTii.a  r.j2.y 


A  recruitin/^  rally  ±or  the  Polish  .a^y  in  Tvauce  V7?.s  held  yesteroay  evening 
at  ,.arszynsl:i's  hall   in  Jt,  llyacintii'c  Parish,  .xvonclale,  -./here  the  ilevevend 
John  Zclechlilc  is  pastor.      The  rally  v/as  opened  by  the  Pteverend  Praiicis 
Pleczynski  v;ith  a  prayer  and  a  short   speech,   after  v/hich  he  ncuied  Jtanislaus 
Szv/aikart,   editor  of  Jziennik  Jhicar^os'ci ,   as  chainian.     The  Hevorend  Pleczynslci 
v/as  Made  secretary. 

ozv;ajlcart  addressed  a  fev;  v;ords   to  the  f-atherin,:;';,   explainiiif-  the  purpose  and 
iipiportance  of  the  rally,   after  v;hich  he  reryuested  that  the  audience  ci^e  careful 
attention  to  the   prorjrair:.     The  pro^^rarn  proceeded  as  follov;s: 


CD 


-4 


The  i..itren.^a  Brothers'  Orchestra  played  the  Jjiierican  national  anthei.i,  the  "Star 
Span.*led  Rmner'',  to  which  tlie  audience  arose,  and  follo';ed  v;ith  a  nedley  of 
Polish  son^;;s. 


I  a 


Hi  II 


r/ 


i^ziciirii.:  ^71:: 


o 


:o\ 


lOLISI 


The  pupils  oi*  ot.  Ilyaci^ith^s -Jcliool,  clirectocl  by  Charles  Borov/iiishi ,   local 
orccijiijt,    sail:;  the   *'Stur  opan':lc3u  iiannor"   i].  roli^h.     The;'  saii:  very  v;ell, 
v/hich  the  lo/i"-sustciii:ac  a^^jnlause  of  the  auuieace  attested. 


to 


'xhe  orchestra  taeu  playca  '^Je^izczo  ^olsha  i.ie  ^;:iiiola''  (Poland  is  not  3'et  lo.:,t) 
miile  Jtephen  Bcibochi,  a  voluntear  to  tliC  lolish  .vr-.-y,  c:r:ie  upon  the  platforiu 
Vvitii  the  i^olish  ria':*  The  audience  arose  ai:d  t*rojted  the  flay  ;;ith  a  stor::':  of 
anolauso. 


The  next  nU:.bor  '/us  a  recitation  by  Li;  s  .^'':\tha  Llacho:;icz,  "Your  Jountry  Jails', 
for  •;hicli  the  audience  :/as  unsparinp  in  its  apnlause. 

xollo'viny  the  recitation,  .;.  h.  hozycni,  oryanizer  of  the  lolish  jn.iy  for 
Recrnitin^:  Center  11,  delivered  an  aduress.  his  v;ords  reached  the  hearts  of  his 
hearers,  for  iie  described  the  v;hole  horror  Ox    the  present  'vvar  and  the  situation 
in  Poland.  He  called  upon  all  yood  sons  of  Poland  to  take  up  arns,  and  all  those 
x7ho  cannot  do  so  to  contribute  i.ioney  for  the  Polisii  ^iTiny,  ';hich  is  beiny  created 


-a 

7t^ 


3 


o 
:> 

J 


1     'Jr 

HI  li 
IV 


i'OLlJII 


Dzieniiik  ^v/iaiikov/y,  Lar,    15,   1916. 


to  deniind  -vhat   is  ri.:!ritrully  ours,   v/liat  has  boon  taken  av/ay  frori  us  treacherously 
and  by  force. 

Follor/inf;  2osycl:i,   John  iwOskie'.'icz,   a  Mei^ber  of  the  ^ivondale  Citizen^ s  GoiLTiittee, 
spoke,   ur(^inr3  enlistrient   in  the  rolish  a-aT.iy  and  contributions   to  its  fund.  !^ 

^iion^^  other  thinr^s,   he   said  that  the  corj.iunity  of  .-^vondale  ou.^Jit  to  be  second   in    ^ 
the  nui.iber  of  recruits   sent  to  the  iolish  ^\nny.  ^ 


Liss  L.  Ss.vajkart  then  recited  "Ly  Country",   for  v/hich  she  received  a  stom.  of 
applause. 

The  boys*    choir  of  St.  Hyacinth  i-arish,   directed  by  the  local  orcanist,   san^ 
"i^'ar  Be^^ond  the  hienen.*"     Or/^anist  Borov;inSx<:i  deserves  praise  for  his  training 
of  this  choir;    it  proves  also  that  our  boys  are  not  sleeping,   but  are  learning; 
to  sinr  the  Polish  songs  that  will  keep  the  Polish  spirit  alive  v/ithin  them. 
The  public   revjarded  their  efforts  v;ith  applause   that  seened  to  have  no  end. 


o 


CD 


III  II 

lY 


-    /L    - 


POLISI^ 


Dz ieimik  Zuiazkov/y ,  Mar,   15,   1918. 


"Tears  ./ill 


./alter  Permoda,  a  pupil  of  ot.  liyacintli^s  ochool,  then  recited: 

not  Help  Us.*'  The  boy  inpressed  everyone  -..Ith  his  recitation;  he  spoke  clearly 

and  boldly,  and  ho  also  ruccived  the  approbatiOii  of  tlie  audience. 


The  next  niLMber  was  an  address  by  the  rocruitin'*  orricer  for  Center  II,  A. 
\;olshi,  v/ho  described  the  life  of  a  Polish  soldier.  He  said  that  the  rolish 
soldier  is  a  volunteer,  not  a  conscripted  i:ian,  and  in  spite  of  the  fact  that  he 
is  not  at  present  beinp:  paid,  as  is  the  x^;;erican  soldier,  he  iias  this  to  his 
credit,  that  he  did  not  enlist  for  noney,  but  fron  a  sense  of  duty  to  the  home- 
land that  nov;  needs  his  help  to  tear  itself  fron  the  '^raso  of  the  Prussian  who 
is  torturinc  the  Polish  people.  He  encoura,::ed  enlistr.ient  in  the  Polish  aa^:iy, 
sayinr-  that  there  should  be  no  youni;  i;ian  v;ho  has  no  family  obi i.-^at ions  v/ho  v/ould  .55 
not  join  the  rolish  -nn.iy,  for  it  is  his  sacred  duty  to  his  h0]..eland. 


o 


"^iTi 


A  recitation,    "In  a  Historic  Loment,**  by  Liss  Helen  h'isniev;ski,  v/as  rewarded  v/ith 
applause,      ^enon  Gzeskawbki,   a  pupil  01"  the  school,   then  delivered  an  address  on 
the  Prussian  system,   for  v/hich  he   too  was  amply  applauded.     Tliis  v;as  follov/ed  by 


Ill  I^ 


-   5   - 


Dziennil:  l^v/iazkov/y,  l.x\r.    15,    1910, 


PO 


i-ixoii 


ail  address  by  the  /ceverei.d  John  :::dechlik,  pastor  of  ot,  Iiyacinth^s  la^'ish,  ^^ 
a  >:-':ood  priest  nnd  patriot,  he  called  upon  thojo  ^atnered  to  action,  for  i-oland 
calls.  ^"Our  duty,"  he  said,  ''is,  at  tne  present  tii:.e,  to  v;jrk  together  harraoni- 
ly  for  the  cood  of  our  motherland,  for  that  is  the  sacrea  duty  of  every  rood 
le"^  To  uorl:^  then,  v;ithout  delay!   It  is  hi-h  tiiie  for  action,  for  roland  is 


ous 


^  r> 


ru 


suffering  in  the  rrussian  [:;rip,*' 

Mion  voluntoors  v;ero   called  for^vard   to  enlist,  Tho..-as  xljruzel  carie  to  the  plat- 
forr:.,   and  after  ::issi"ij  the  Polish  fla;,    left  for  the  recruitinc  station  \;ith 


Ser.'^.eant 


o* 


:3alinski. 


It  is  too  bad  that  tl.cro  v;as  only  one  volUiiteer,   but   it   is  ho-ned  that  after 
yesterday's  rally,   the  spirit  of  our  forefathers  v:ill  be  Icindled   in  the  breasts 
of  the  lOlish  you'ch  an^  they  will  enlist   in  the  rolish  .^..y  to  fi:^ht  for  a  free, 
united,   and   independent  lOland,   and  for  tliO  freedon  of  all  nations* 


ID 

3?- 


"O 
CD 


ho 


The  collection  for  the  iolish  ;a'r.iy  netted  ,;3ooll,  and  '7as  ii^u.iea lately  turned  over 


I  G 

III  H 

r/ 


-  6  - 


POLISn 


D:: iennil:  ^- .■ir.zl:ov;y ,  l.r.v,   15,  1918. 


to  :tecruiti2i:_:  CiTicer  Wol-i!:!. 


r-i: 


ae 


audience  san-  ^'Doze  Cos  .  ols;:e^'  (God  oave  Poland)  to  conclude  the  pror;rai:i. 


I  G 

III  B  2 
I  C 


POLISH 


Dziexinik  Ziviazko^vy,  Mar*   15,   1918 


SIAVIC  UlTITT  ET  i\I.2IRIGA  .JTO  HT  lilUROPi:: 


(Editorial) 

^JiS   long  as  a  united,  independent  Poland  is  not  rebuilt,  as  long  as  the  Czechs, 
Moravians,  and  Slovaks  are  not  free,  as  long  as  Serbia  and  the  southern  Slavic 
peoples  ure  not  freed  and  united,  as  long  as  the  great,  terrible  v;ar  now  rag- 
ing from  the  Baltic  to  the  Adriatic — a  v;ar  involving  nore  than  fifty-four 
nillion  highly  civilized  31avs — is  not  v;on;  so  long  will  Prussian  aiabition 
remain  uncurbed." 

The  above  is  from  the  addrs.ss  by  Paderev/ski  in  the  Coliseum  in  Chicago 
^arch  3,  IQlgT". 

Great  .vars,  great  upheavals,  produce  at  the  same  time,  great  results,   Var 
separates  peoples  for  long  years,  filling  them  v;ith  a  mutual  hatred;  on 


3 


CD 
Cjn 


I  G 

III  B  2 
I  C 


^   O  _ 
•"   <,rf  — 


POLISH 


Dziennik  ^wiazko^vy,  llav.   15,  1918 • 


the  other  hand,  it  :;iay  bring  other  peoples  closer  together  and  even  tie  th^ii 
with  bonds  that  are  often  indestructible,  so  strongly  does  it  show  then  the 
mutuality  of  their  aims. 


-to 


.Ve  do  not  v;ant  to  overestimate  the  significance  of  present  events,  but  that 
which  is  nav  happening  indicates  that  a  united  Slavic  state  will  arise  from 
the  hurricane  of  the  present  '.;ar. 

This  is  neither  a  new  idea  nor  one  difficult  to  realize.  Iot   many  years 
before  the  war,  it  had  ueen  circulating  among  the  SLivic  peoples;  it  v/as 
discussed  extensively  at  conventions  of  olavs  and  at  exorcises,  and  still 
more  v/as  it  discussed  by  the  Polish,  Bohemian,  am  Jerbian  press.  Kov/evor, 
the  tendency  to  establish  first  un  independent  national  existence,  tte  very 
struggle  for  existence  itself,  and  the  fatal  political  division  /of  the 
lavic  nation_s7  among  the  ^reat  pov;ers,  capable  of  paralyzing  in  its  birth 


CO 
CD 

ro 
en 


-1 


I  g 

III  3  2 


-  3  - 


Dziennik  Zwlazkov/y,  Mar,   15,   1918. 


POLISH 


even  the  smallest  novement  tavard  Slavic  'onity,  have  nade  it  impossible  even 
to  formulate  a  pro^-^r.an  on  v;hich  everyone  v/ould  asi'se,  to  say  nothing  of  ac- 
tual accompli sh:nent  in  so  luminous  a  direction. 


But  this  necessity  has  been  felt  even  more  strongly  in  the  United  States  than 
in  Surope.  Thus,  real  attempts  have  been  made  here,  aimed  at  united  Slavic 
action.  In  truth,  this  movement  has  not  taken  in  the  entire  territory  of 
the  United  States,  i^tiier  ohIy   certain  states,  or  even  only  certain  locali- 
ties, but  we  :iave  already  seen  on  more  than  one  occasion  the  united  action 
of  Poles  and  Slovaks  in  Pennsylvania,  Czechs  and  Poles  in  Chicago,  and  the 
Serbs,  Croat ians,  and  Czechs  in  moi*e  than  one  town  or  city.  In  Chicago,  as 
the  center  for  various  Slavic  organizations,  important  conferences  of  repre- 
sentatives of  thase  organizations  have  even  been  held,  with  the  idea  of 
Slavic  unity  in  America;  that  no  united  action  was  taicen  was  due  perhaps 
not  so  much  to  the  separation  or  pretensions  of  given  3i£itionalities  as  to 
the  lack  of  capable  people  who  would  utilize  this  tendency,  if  not  for  actual 


CD 

cr 


I  g 

III  B  2 

I  c 


-.  4-  - 


pcLisn 


Dziennik  Z>v/iazkov;y,  L'ar.  15,  1918. 


unity,  then  at  least  for  a  solidarization  of  the  Slavs  in  .juerica.  Despite 
this,  even  these  short-lived  efforts  brouglit  it  about  tlitit  at  least  in  raciny 
electoral  districts,  especially  in  PennsylVcinia,  the  3lavs  work  hand- in- hand, 
that  the  Polish  Palcons  h:.ve  croLited  strong  ties  of  brotherhood  with  the 
Bohemian  Falcons,  and  finally,  that  there  are  to  be  found  Jlavs  other  than 
Poles  in  Polish  organi. nations,  v/hile  in  2ohe  nian  organizations,  for  example, 
there  is  no   lack  of  Poles. 


Today,  after  a  long  nause  in  the  efforts  to;vard  Jlavic  unity,  neiv  and  power- 
ful voices  have  been  raised.  Their  foundation  is  tlie  General  Slavic  distress 
in  .-.urope,  the  mutual  .Isfortunes  and  blood  offerin^;s  tliat  have  been  generously 
given  in  a  cause  no  other  than  that  of  cer.ienting  together  the  Slavic  nations 
forevor.  Here  in  .America,  the  first  great  voice  to  be  raised  v/as  that  of  the 
leader  of  enigre  Poles,  Ignace  Paderewski  v;ho,  in  addition  to  the  v;ords  quoted 
at  the  beginning  of  this  article,  issued  the  follov;ing  sui.uoons: 


CD 


CD 


cr 


I  G 

III  B  2 
I  C 


-  5  - 


Dziennik 


Mar.  15,  1918. 


POLISH 


^'La;7  does  not  prevent  crines,  it  .nerely  prescribes  penalties.  IIo  acreenents, 
no  treaties,  no  conferences  can  .[guarantee  rreedom  or  safeguard  the  national 
grovrbh  of  the  able,  courageous,  enterprisinc,  and  democratic  Czechs,  Moravians, 
and  Slovaks.  V.o   treaties,  conferences,  or  a^ree.-nents  can  guarantee  nt^tional 
growth  to  the  industrious,  able  and  persevering  Jerbs,  Croats,  and  Jouthem 
Slavs,  so  lon?^  as  they  re:  ain  under  the  yokdi  of  a  conqueror,  so  long  as  they 
are  oppressed  by  any  foreign  rule,  so  long  as  those  countries  and  nations  are 
not  governed  by  t;ie;.iselves,  by   the  people  and  Jor   thj  people.  Thjy  aust  have 
absolute  freedo.Ti,  and  v;itli  the  aid  of  God,  they  v/ill  attain  it.  Equality  can 
be  established  by  law,  brotherhood  can  be  instilled  by  religion,  but  for  free- 
dom, one  must  fi^t.  For  there  is  only  one  seed  from  which  huinan  liberty  grows, 
and  that  seed  is  blood. 


-TO 

o 


CO 
CD 


tr» 


"But  the  war  lias  not  yet  oeen  won.  To  battle  then,  ::iy  Polish  boys,  and  to 
battle,  ny  Slovak  brotners,  lay  3oheniian  and  :.:oravian  cousins,  my  Southern 
Slavic  kinsrr.eni  You  v;ill  not  be  fighting  alone.  The  lofty  leinories  of  the 


I  G 

III  B  2 
I  C 


-  6  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  ^wiazkowy, 


::ar, 


15,  1918 


The 


national  heroos  so  dear  to  your  hearts  v/ill  be  vath  :/ou  at  every  step. 
immortal  spirits  of  those  ;vho  have  done  so  .Tiuch  for  human  libert2r,  the  spirits 
of  the  iromortal  V/ashington  and  Lincoln,  v;ill  bless  70U  on  the  road  to  deeds 
of  honor  and  farne." 


The  necessity  for  Slavic  unity  v/as  also  strongly  emphasized  in  behalf  of  the 
Bohe.r.ian  National  Alliance  by  J.  J.  Zrarhal,  in  behalf  of  the  Serbian  .irmy, 
by  Lieutenant  :u   Skobel,  in  behalf  of  the  Groatians,  b^^  Dr.  /l.  Biankini,  and 
in  behalf  of  the  southern  Slavs  in  general  by  Dr.  Sinko  Sinkov/icz  and 
Pallandech.  Such  voices,  such  ardent  and  nonly  nottoes  and  appeals,  v;ill 
not  be  lost,  but  v;ill  live  on. 

;.s  if  inspired  by  this  renev;od  ilavic  breath,  a  threat  demonstration  was  held 
last  Sunday  at  the  Polish  .omens*  vlliance  Mall  by  the  Polish  1^'alcons.  Repre- 
sentatives of  the  Bohemian  Falcon  organization.  Dr.  Rudis-Jicinsky,  editor 


CO 
CD 

ro 
— J 
cr 


I  g 

III  B  2 
I  C 


-  7  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  ZAviazkoiY^-^,  lilar.  15,  1918 


of  the  Pohenian  3okol  .juericky,  and  Ilr,  i  asko;vsk\%  Comrriandaiit  of  the  Bohemian 
Falcons,  participated,  rilled  to  capacity  with  Polish  people,  the  hall  shook 
•.vith  applause  for  the  addresses  of  these  c^^sts,  and  when  the  Bohenian  h^nin, 
"Gde  JoiTiOw  ::oj"  (..Tiere  my  hone  is)  was  played,  Lhe  audience  arose  from  its 
seats,   Jhe  inspired  .vords  of  Dr,  Jicinsk:,^  tlir;t  v/e  should  fight  side  by  side 
and  rriove  for.vard  together  in  order  to  bring  about  unity  of  the  31avs,  v;ere 
greeted  v;ith  enthusiasm.  Under  the  effect  of  th.;  words  of  this  ;;reat  Bohemian 
leader,  Rybicki,  president  of  Circuit  II  of  the  Polish  jalcons*  . alliance 
called  for  a  union  of  th^^  Polish  and  -:ohai.iian  ?alcons  in  Chicago.  It  is  not 
tho  first  time  that  Polish  lips  have  spoken  thus,  and  it  see  s  that  this  time, 
they  have  not  been  spoken  in  vain. 


-T3 

C3 


CO 
CD 


How  the  r^olish  public  accepted  this  call  is  attested  to  by  the  fact  th-dt  it 
rose  from  its  seats  and  sought  to  indicate  its  acceptance  of  trds  idea,  and 
also  its  v;ii:  ingness  to  co-operate  with  ever\^  effort  of  the  Falcons  in  this 
direction  by  its  well-nigh  interminable  applause. 


I  G 

III  B 
I  G 


-  8  - 


Dziennik  Zv/iazkov/y,  Liar,    15,    1918. 


POLISH 


Sincere,  noble,  and  heartfelt  expressions  then,  have  already  been  ::iade. 


IIov; 


action  is  necessary.     Let  this   action  proceed  simultaneously  fro:r.  all  sides, 
from  all  Slavic  croups  in  ."v-^iorica.       je  Poles  v;ill  v;ait   for  the  Gsechs, 
Slovaks,   and    Serbs  to  express  thonsclves  as   ;;e  have  done,   and  after  this  has 
happened,   no  doubt  action  v/ill  follov;  the  lofty  words.     Let  the  Falcons  be 
the" basic  eleiaent   in  this  action,   and  .ve  have  hopes  that   it  v;iil  be  taken  up 
by  other  Slavic   spheres. 

.Old  then?  Then—when  the  solidarizatioi.  of  the  Slavs  in  .jierica  has  been 
effected,  tiB  sar:ie  ./ill  happen  in  Europe,  for  r:reat  ideas  are  infectious  to 
souls  and  hearts,  and  those  of  the  Slavs  in  ..urope  are  as  tender,  yet  as 
healthy  and  sincere  as  are  the  souls  and  hearts  of  the  Slavs  in  ^-.lerica. 
.Old  perhaps  then  our  j-^es  v;ill  loo':  upon  the  realization  of  the  words  of 
the  Ghica-^o  Trib'jne— that  Slavic  unity  is  not  a  drean,  not  a  vision,  but 
a  r3ality  resultinr^  fron  ties  of  blood,  from  the  brotherhood  of  Slavic 
hearts,   and  from  the  political  ^visdon  of  the  Slavs   in  general— as  an 


no 

O 


CD 
en 


I  g 

III  3  2 
I  C 


-  9  - 


Dziennik  Zyjiazko^/r;-,  I.Iar.  15,  1918. 


POLISH 


accomplished  fact,  the  United  Slavic  States. 


T3 


III   D 

III  i: 


POLISH 


Dzienai-:  7r::i,\c]:o'^r' ,   llnr.    l^t^    1918. 

UOAt.orvjl) 


The  second   r';eMoril  dr'.L't   for  tho  U".ir,na 

on"!,  of  thic   Month.       .cc'::"^'^^-   to  •>3n''r^:l  Orov:^der  cldor  of 


;t'^t'^r^    _rr;r  v:ill  bcfiii  tovnrd  the 

staff,    ei-ht  hun'lroa 
iirvb-^od   t'ouo'ind    vill   be  sent 
:er'io--\  ar:f'  traiai-\'  C'.r::ii^3  before    /^ril  4.      jurtber  ansi  "U'aent  of 


thous'ind  recruit-::  v/ill  be  talco^:,  of  \;  ioh  one  hundred  z^^owyind  'vil.i  oe  sent 
to  the  ,':erie--n  ar:f'  traiai-\'  ^'iix)^  before  /^ril  4.  jurtber  aosi  "U'lient  of 
recruito  to  tr-iinin;'  ciAiii)^  i'ill  follovj  at  intervilo  of  a  fou  \veel:s,  proportion- 
atel;'  to  tie  variioie::  in  the  ci]Txv)r.  nfter  tl^e  aep'.rture  of  sol^ero  frou  the 
fi-st  draft  for  hr'aice.  .Jinc"-  bj  the  first  of  July,  there  .7111  be  a  lailli'^'U 
ii'^erioai  ooldior  in  frvn^^o,  all  recruivO  froM  tlie  !  :^r<"]i- .pril  draft  v:ill  be 
ii  troinin*  by  that  tine. 

This   second  draft  v;ill  ta]:e  tv;enty-four  tl\ous-ad  yoatho  and  youn:.'  iien  --jho  have 
no   de^^cuh,5nt  ;  fro.'n  Ohicayo.     :iince   in  the  first   draft,   nineteen  ver  cent  of  the 
relish  youth  nere   sent  to  Carrr}    .rant,   not  count jny  the  thousands  of   volunbtjers 
in  other  caiiips ,   this   draft  will  tahe  ^i   full  five   thous'.nt:.  youn::  Poles  to    serve 
undar  the   Otars  end    '.triyes,   to   find  thenselves '  later   in  France. 


I  G 
III  D 
III  E 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


Dziennilr.  Zwiazkpv^^y  ^-^^^  1^>  1918, 


This  is  our  first  and  most  sacred  duty  not  only  as  citizens  but  as  residents  of 
this  country  and  as  Poles.  However,  there  are  certain  matters  that  oucht  to 
be  clarified,  so  that  those  v;ho  are  on  the  draft  list  and  v/ho  must  therefore 
join  the  arrn^,''  may  properly  c^ide  themselves. 

Before  the  first  draft,  we  emphasized  on  nani'"  occasions  that  Poles,  either 
naturalized  citizens  or  those  bom  here,  must  serve  in  the  American  army.  But 
those  who  are  not  citizens,  especially  if  the::  do  not  understand  Enfjlish,  since 
they  naist  serve  in  the  arm:'',  can  enli.^^t  in  the  Polish  ari.ij'  instead,  for  the 
ilmerican  covermient  has  ci'^Qn  i't  full  recognition  and  supports  it  as  an  iillied 
army  since  it  has  the  same  aims  as  the  /jnerican  arm^''. 

Despite  these  considerations,  despite  the  directions  r^iven  by  us,  instead  of 
enlist in/^  in  the  Polish  ann^'',  a  f^reat  number  of  Poles  v;ho  do  not  understand 
I2nclish  enlisted  in  the  ;unerican  ar:iiy,  and  consequently  are  a  burden  to  the 
Aiaerioan  army,  or  others  whom  the  armj''  authorities,  in  consideration  of  the 
fact  that  they  are  not  citizens,  had  to  remove  in  great  numbers  and  create 


"O 


3 


III    D 

III  H 


Dzie:"LTpV 


:r..r.   14,   19ia. 


POLIJIi 


so-oall3d  patr'>l  re  -i 'inn!-: ,    is   in  ..ou'".ton,   Vex?.:-,   an:I   in  other  triialn;'  canps, 
/.nd  thi;^.  "33  not   o:iou.''*lu     .iincr^   it  wiis  too  di'(*icult  to  beco".ie  :"ood  .jierioan 
ooilie':':.  in  a   si  ort   tine,   Mr.n;;  triel   to   nave  tiioriT.clvin  by  dcnertion,    to  their 
dis:^r-fce  and   tlie   di'3;-race  of  t^iO  loli'-^h  nine.      It    is  v;ell  undoiv'^t'od  that  theso 
ri:*itivoi  v;ill  be  cau"ht   sooner  or  lator;    fortmate  are  those  v;ho,   by  special 
per.;iiS'>ioa,   v/ore  transferred  froii  trie    Jierie-n  to   tlio  ro"^.ish  ari^'.     !.i:iny,   hov;- 
ever,   liave  aot  iiad  sucli   i-ood  I'ortune  and  rire  "oa'-'in-*  the  ren:  Ity  for   their 
UTi-lolish,  nn-/'j:ierio\n,  and  un-Sv'ldierly  r.ct,   as  they   justly   deserve. 

In  reference  to  the  non-ci'-izens  and  non-^^n^'lish   ST^eahin^T  Po.les   in  the  rineriean 
ari-i^/-,   a     reat  nan;-  c]i-.n  /^ts   :.ave  been  Ti^ido   si^ice  the  first  draft,      ■■.  f^ent  :ian\'' 
officials  in  tlie   dr-ii't   coiLMisvv  as,    iiaviny  co:;e  to  tlie   conclusion  that  a  i'olish 
recrait  of  thir,   .oort  v;ill  be  niucli  ^nore  usef^il  to  the  .dlied  cause   if  he   serves 
in  the  Polish  a.riy  rather  than   in  the  .Jiericaa,   have,   at  the  request  of  tlie 
recruit,   transferred  hii.i  to  the  Polish  arMy,   ci'v^rij;  hin  not  only  the  necess>ur/ 
papers,   but   transportation  to  a  lolish  recruiting  station  as  viell.     The  officers 


3> 


I  G 
III  D 
III  H 


-  4  . 


Dziennlk  Zwiazkowy,  Mar*  14,  1918 


POLISH 


in  charge  of  the  training  camps  have  done  the  same  thing  and  thus  many 
recruits  arrived  in  the  Polish  camp  in  full  American  uniform*  It  is  not 
the  purpose  of  this  article  to  enumerate  every  incident  of  this  sort,  for 
that  would  be  superfluous.  We  will  only  mention  an  incident  of  the  last 
few  days*  At  Freemont,  California,  Andrew  Przudzik,  who  had  served  in 
Jefferson  Barracks,  was  transferred  in  full  uniform  to  Recruiting  Center  II 
in  Chicago,  where,  producing  the  proper  papers  transferring  him  to  the  Polish 
army,  he  was  immediately  accepted*  In  the  same  way,  American  police  author- 
ities, having  seized  a  certain  J*  Baron  for  not  registering  for  service  in  the 
American  army,  brought  him  to  the  Polish  Army  Recruiting  Station  II,  where 
he  was  immediately  enlisted  and  sent  to  the  Polish  array  training  camp  at 
Niagara  on  the  Lake* 


•T3 


o 


•o-J 


It  is  perfectly  evident  from  this  that  those  who  feel  that  they  would  be 
burdens  to  the  American  army  due  to  insufficient  knowledge  of  the  English 
language  and  who  in  any  case  must  serve  in  the  army,  can  apply  for  transfer 
at  their  district  draft  commissions,  and  instead  of  serving  in  the  American 
army,  can  serve  in  the  Polish  army,  in  which  Polish  commands  will  enable  them  to 


—     '"^     — 


Tc:  irji: 


TTT     ') 
XII    II 


Dziejinik  .'r:V\z] 


:-r.    14,    1918. 


becone  uneful  3oldiei\':-  ra^ddl:'. 


Vnioovor  v;i;-ver,   then,   :^rovidi:i/  :.e  I^ms  the   ri'-^it   to  do    so  o.s  r    non-r.ztizon 
and  one  v:iio   does   not  hriov;  tlie  .^n  -li^^h  Ian.  ii:^:-e,    can  profit   hy  this   concession 
tho  -j'lerican   '^•'^vornr^ont  li-is  :iado   foi'  the  loleo,      ..o  call  •:tto>-'.tion,    hovjovcr, 


tiie   r--ct    thr 


,o  ; 


':ri''~^ 


to  uso 


1   i     ( 


,o 


iilit-r".^   sorvico  uill  bo   c^aoi  iorod  a   aoscr:or  i'vo.i  the  lolioh   arr^',   ann   ^-jill 


ho  -airroiod  bv  ^oolicc  oad  fedornl  aath'-^i^it ies    just   as    if   he  v:e:'C 
froTi   tho     .oiorican  '.rivr. 


deserter 


-TJ 


CT*' 


I  G 
III  H 
IV 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  liar.  13,  1918  • 

IffiCRUITING  STATIONS  FOR  POLISH  ARIff  IN  FRANCS 
Recruiting  Center  Number  2  Located  In  Chicago 

Recmiiting  Center  Number  2  for  the  Polish  aimy  in  France  is  located  at  984  Mil- 
waukee Avenue.  Those  in  charge  of  this  center  are: 

Recruiting  Officer:  Alexander  C*  V/olski. 

Organizers:  L.  Eadoch,  m\  F.  Itozycki,  and  S.   Krzywonos, 

Secretary:  Jo  Juszczak. 

Sergeants:  M.  Szubert  and  L.  Szwankowski, 

Corporal:  J.  Pawliszak. 

Recruiting  Station  1. 

For  St»  Hedwig  and  St.  Idary  of  Angels  parishes:  located  at  2131  North  Hoyne  Avenue, 

Sergeant:  A.   Killer 

Station  3.  /slcj 

For  the  community  of  Bridgeport:  located  at  3308  South  Morgan  Street • 


I  Q 
III  H 

IV 

Sergeant:  S.  Balinski, 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwlazko\wy,  Mar.  13,  1918* 


Station  4. 

For  St.  John  Cantius  and  Holy  Innocents  parishes:  located  on  Carpenter  Street* 

Sergeant:  S*  ;yiosinski. 

Station  5. 

For  Town  of  Lake:  located  at  Slowacki  Hall,  1700  V/est  48th  Street. 

Sergeant:  S.  Deplewski* 

Station  6. 

For  Avondale:  located  at  2946  Milwaxikee  Avenue. 

Sergeant:  J.  Chojnacki. 

Station  7. 

For  St.  Adalbert's  Parish:  located  at  1808  South  Ashland  Avenue. 

Sergeant:  J.  Kuzminski. 


I  G  . 
Ill  H 

IV 


-  3  - 


Dziennik  Zwlazkoivy,  Mar,  13,  1918 


^pLst  of  out-of-town  stations  omitted  by  translato^* 


POLISH 


I — 


I  G 

II  B  1  a 

III  H 
IV 


POLISH 


Dzlennik  Zv/iazkowy,  Uslt.   12,  1918. 
GREAT  RECRUITING  RALLY  HEID  UnI  ST.  HEDWIG'S  PARISH 


A  recruiting  rally  was  held  for  the  Polish  army  yesterday  evening  at  the 
St.  Hedwig  Parish  Hall,  at  which  there  gathered  almost  fifteen  hundred  people, 
both  men  and  women.  The  hall  presented  a  very  striking  picture,  decorated  as 
it  was  with  Polish  and  American  colors;  the  more  striking  in  that  it  was  filled 
to  capacity  with  Polish  people — those  people  upon  whom  our  poets  and  great 
leaders  rested  the  future  of  Poland. 

Before  the  rally  opened,  the  St.  Hedwig  Band,  under  the  direction  of  Boleslaus 
Tesmer,  played  several  musical  numbers,  for  which  it  received  enthusiastic  and 
well-deserved  applause. 

It  was  eight  o* clock  in  the  evening  when  the  pastor  of  the  parish,  the  Reverend 
John  Obyrtacz,  opened  the  rally  with  a  short  prayer  for  the  success  of  this 
meeting  and  for  the  success  of  the  Polish  eonny.     He  then  expressed  his  pleasure 
at  seeing  so  large  a  gathering  in  the  hall,  saying  that  he  took  this  as  a  very 


CO 


-  2  - 


Dzlennik  Zwlazkowy^  Mar.   12,  1918, 


POLISH 


hopeful  sign;  namely,  that  the  people  are  concerned  with  this  sacred 
cause,  the  cause  which  is  dear  to  the  heart  of  every  Pole — the  cause  of  Polish 
independence.  The  Reverend  Obyrtacz  went  on  to  explain  that  this  rally  was 
called  at  the  request  of  the  Polish  army  commission,  and  arranged  by  the  local 
citizens*  committee,  which  is  to  aid  the  commission  in  recruiting  work  to  the 
best  of  its  ability. 

The  Reverend  Obyrtacz  then  read  the  naiaes  of  those  citizens  who  comprise  the 
committee.  The  committee  consists  of  fifteen  persons,  as  follows: 


50 

o 

CO 
ro 


The  Reverend  John  Obyrtacz,  president;  Theophilus  Jablonski,  first  vice-presi- 
dent; John  Sakwinski,  second  vice-president;  Ignace  Jroblewski,  recording 
secretary;  Uichael  Adamczyk,  financial  secretary;  Frajicis  Poklacki,  treasurer; 
J.  Janusz,  advisor;  Florian  Polasik,  advisor;  A.  Orlof ,  advisor;  Anthony 
Zielinski,  advisor;  Iilatthew  Jurewicz,  treasurer;  S.  Pruszynski,  treasurer; 
Stanislaus  Iwanski,  treasurer;  Joseph  Jllka,  treasurer;  and  Andrew  liikrut,  vice* 
president. 


I  a 


-  3  - 


POLISH 


Dziennllc  Zv/iazkovvy ,   Dir«    12,   1918, 


II  B  1  a 

III  H 
IV 

All  Oi  these  citizens  are  not  only  to  as3iGt  the  recriiitinc  officer, 
but  are  to  collect  contributions  for  the  Polish  ar.iiy,  so  that  the  menbers  of 
St,  Hedv7ir*s  Parish  can  say  v/ith  pride  that  they,  too,  worked  for  the  cause  so 
dear  to  us  all,  and  that  they  did  not  do  less  than  others • 


5> 


The  recruiting  station  in  St.  Hedv;ip;*s  Parish  is  located  at  2131  North  Iloyne 
Avenue  and  the  duties  of  recr^aitinr  officer  have  been  entrusted  to  Lieutenant 
Killer,  v/ho  so  ably  performed  his  task  as  recruitinr;  officer  in  Tov/n  of  Lake. 

Father  Cb^'-rtacz  exDressed  a  certain  disaDDOintnent  that  his  parish  had  been  for- 
gotten  until  this  tine,  for  had  the  recruiting;  started  here  when  it  started  in 
other  parishes,  v;ho  knov;s  but  that  by  no'v,  the  meMbers  of  St,  Redv/ic's  Parish 
v/oulc  be  able  to  say  v/ith  pride  that  their  cornriunity  supplied  a  considerable 
number  of  volunteers  to  the  Polish,  array? 

After  this  address,  which  was  often  interrupted  by  applause.  Father  Cbyrtacz 
named  as  secretary  Ir:nace  VJroblev/ski ,  secretari-'-.-^eneral  of  the  Polish  Roman 
Catholic  union. 


ex? 

CD 

ro 


I  G 


-  4  - 


POLISH 


Dziaimik  Zwiazkov^y,  Liar.   12,  1918, 


II  B  1  a 

III  H 
IV 

The  program,  though  arranged  hurriedly,  was  a  beautiful  one.   It 
opened  with  the  rendition  of  '*The  3tar-Spangled  Banner"  by  the  St.  Eedwig  Band, 
v/hile  the  audience  rose  to  sing  this  beautiful  anthem.  The  second  number  on 
the  program  v/as  a  group  recitation  by  the  school  children.   In  all,  there  were 
three  recitations  by  three  groups  of  children,  each  consisting  of  three  boys 
and  three  girls.  This  performance  left  nothing  to  be  desired,  and  the  audience 
was  not  sparing  with  its  applause. 

The  parish  choir,  directed  by  the  local  organist,  Emil  V/iedeman,  who  has  been 
with  the  parish  for  twenty-eight  years,  then  sang  "Song  of  ISy  Country*'  and,  as 
an  encore,  *^//hen  on  the  Shores  of  our  Homeland".  The  public  was  generous  in 
its  applause  for  both  of  these  numbers. 


X3 


CO 

CD 


The  chairman  then  presented  the  representatives  of  the  Polish  ai-my  to  the 
audience;  namely.  Lieutenant  A.  V/olski,  chief  recruiting  officer  for  the  Chicago 
EO-ea;  W.  Hozycki,  organizer  of  the  Polish  army  for  the  State  of  Illinois;  Alexis 
Miller,  recruiting  sergeant,  formerly  stationed  in  Town  of  Lake;  and 


I  G  -  5  -  POLISH 

II  B  1  a 

III  H  Dzlennlk  Zwlazkowy>  Mar*  12,  1918. 
17 

Sigmund  Wisniewski,  a  veteran  of  the  Spanish- American  War,  who  had 
hastened  to  enlist  at  the  first  news  that  a  Polish  array  was  being  orgemized. 
The  audience  greeted  these  representatives  with  bursts  of  applause.  The 
Reverend  Obyrtacz  ass\ired  the  officers  that  his  parish  would  not  only  supply 
soldiers  to  the  Polish  army,  but  would  furnish  a  beautiful  standard  as  well. 
This  statement  was  greeted  by  a  storm  of  applause,  as  was  the  assurance  that 
the  priests  of  the  parish  would  lend  every  effort  in  order  that  the  greatest 
possible  number  of  men  would  enlist  in  the  Polish  army,  and  if  words  do  not 
bring  the  necessary  results,  would  organize  all  the  women  in  the  parish  to  send 
their  husbcmds,  brothers,  and  fiances  to  the  war. 

The  band  then  played  ^Z  Dymem  Pozarow"  (With  the  Smoke  of  the  Conflagration) , 
the  audience  standing. 

During  the  whole  course  of  the  rally,  the  Polish  flag  was  held  on  the  platform 
by  S.  Balinski,  recruiting  sergeant  from  Station  3,  Bridgeport.  The  inscription 
on  the  flag,  "Free,  united,  and  independent  Poland,"  kept  the  audience  in  mind 


o 


CO 


I  g  -  6  -  POLISH 

II  B  1  a 

III  H  Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  Mar.  12,  1918. 
IV 

of  the  purpose  of  the  meeting  and  of  our  duties  in  regard  to  our  home- 
land, oppressed  and  in  slavery  for  more  than  a  hundred  years* 

Before  Lieutenant  A.  Wolski  delivered  his  address,  Father  Obyrtacz  spoke  again, 
jokingly  saying  that  the  first  recruit  from  St,  Hedwig's  Parish  to  enlist  this 
evening  in  the  Polish  array  v/ill  be  so  well  equipped  for  the  war  that  he  will 
lack  nothing  for  the  next  two  years. 

V/olski  then  spoke  of  camp  life  among  the  Polish  soldiers,  their  enthusiasm, 
ability,  heroism,  and  willingness  to  sacrifice.  The  speaker  was  thunderously 
applauded. 

The  next  number  on  the  program  was  a  recitation,  delivered  beautifully  and  v/ith 
feeling  by  Miss  Valerie  Poklacki,  well  known  to  the  public  from  previous  appear- 
ances,.... followed  by  two  beautiful  Polish  songs  sung  by  the  parish  choir.. ••• 


TV 

o 


CO 


A  fiery  and  patriotic  speech  was  then  delivered  by  ;/.  F.  Rozycki,  representative 


p  ' 


I  ^ 


yj 


-    7    - 


POLISH 


Pzieimik  Zv/iazkov/y ,   LCar.    12,   191S. 


II  B  1  a 

III  H 
IV 

of  the  Polish  aniy.  Greeted  by  sustained  applause,  he  first  read  the 
v/ords  to  Paderev/ski*3  battle  hyirai,  upon  v;hich  he  based  an  hour-lonr-  speech 
that  brou.-'ht  tears  to  i:iany  eyes.  He  presented  such  a  vivid,  terrifying  picture 
of  the  ruin  in  Poland  and  of  the  awful  riisery,  thai  the  audience  listened  to 
the  entire  speech  v/ith  bated  breath,   .ihen  this  brilliant  address  v;as  over,  it 
seemed  there  v/ould  be  no  end  to  the  applause. 

The  parish  band  ne::t  played  a  fev;  nur:ibers  v;hile  a  collect io::  was  taken  up  for 
the  Polish  amy.  The  collection  netted  .,j:153»C5. 


O 


The  recruiting*,  hov;ever,  v/as  unsuccessful;  for  despite  the  fiery  speeches  and 
the  encourac^iiient  of  Father  Cbyrtacz,  only  one  young  pole  enlisted,  Bernard 
IlierTiCzev/ski  by  narae.  There  is  hope,  ho^vever,  that  recruiting  in  this  parish 
v/ill  brin'2;  c^od  results;  for  the  Citizens*  Coi.raittce  and  the  pastor  have  prorrdsed 
to  break  all  records  set  by  other  parishes  in  Chicaco. 

The  rally  ended  shortly  before  eleven  o'clock  v/ith  the  singin:^  of  the  ^Polish/" 
national  anthen  '*Boze  Cos  Polske*'  (Goa  Jave  Poland), 


I  G 

II  B  1  a 

III  H 
IV 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  Mar,  12,  1918, 

BAKqUIiT  HJilLD  IN  CONJUNCTION  V/ITH  COi^ECRATION  A1:D 
PRESEI^TATION  OF  1^:1   0TA.D/1RD  FOR  FOURTH 
REGIMiLNT  OF  POLISH  ARI^Y 


On  the  occasion  of  last  Sunday's  coasecration  and  presentation  of  the  new 
standard  for  the  Fourth  Regiment  of  the  Polish  Army  in  France  by  the  Polish 
Young  Men's  Alliance  in  the  Land  of  V/ashington,  the  Citizens'  Goinmittee  of 
Town  of  Lake  sponsored  a  reception  and  supper,  commonly  referred  to  as  a  ban- 
quet, for  the  guests.  It  must  be  admitted,  however,  that  althourJi  the  food 
was  prepared  by  the  wives  of  local  citizens  and  not  by  professional  cooks  from 
downtown,  it  tasted  better  than  the  food  at  so-called  large  banquets,  from  v/hich 
one  often  returns  hungrier  than  before  attending. 


-•-.'' 


^ist  of  local  v/omen  who  prepared  supper  omitted  by  translatorT*  . 

After  the  clergy,  the  speakers,  the  local  CitizemS*  Committee,  and  the  invited 


I  a 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  Liar.   IE,  1918. 


II  B  1  a 

III  H 
IV 

guests  had  taken  their  places,  the  Reverend  Stanislaus  Nawrocki,  pastor 
of  Immaculate  Conception  Parish,  led  the  gathering  in  prayer,  following  which 
everyone  turned  his  attention  to  the  food.  Tables  were  waited  on  by  young  and 
pretty  ^or.ienT' members  of  the  Polish  Young  Men's  Alliance  ^riginaUy  amends 
organization  for  purposes  of  military  training,  it  later  admitted  women,  v/ith- 
out  changing  its  nameZ  dressed  in  uniforms 


^i3t  Of  young  ladies  who  waited  on  tables  oiaitted  by  translator^^ 


'J 
15 


After  the  supper,  at  which  there  v/as  no  lack  of  ice  cream,  pastries,  and  other 
delicacies,  was  concluded,  B.  F.  Kowalewski,  well-known  ov/ner  of  the  Polish  Bank 
in  Tovm  of  Lake,  and  president  of  the  local  Citizens*  Comraittee,  arose  and  named 
as  toastraaster,  the  Reverend  Anthony  A.  ICLowo,  assistant  pastor  of  Sacred  Heart 
of  Jesus  Parish.  After  greeting  the  guests  and  expressing  his  thanks  for  the 
honor  conferred  upon  him,  the  toastnaster  delivered  a  short  address,  in  which 
he  acknowledged  the  efforts  of  the  local  Citizens'  Comraittee,  and  especially  of 


I  G 


-   3  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  ZiWiazkov/y^  Mar,   12,   1918. 


II  B  1  a 

III  H 
IV 

its  president.  He  then  spoke  of  the  leaders  such  as  every  nation  needs.  One 
of  these,  he  said,  is  Faderewski,  v;ho  is  at  present  directing  our  efforts. 
i\nother  such  leader  who  is  a  sincere  worker  in  the  nationalistic  field,  he  ad- 
ded, is  John  F.  Smulski,  whon  he  called  upon  to  speak. 

Smulski  stated  modestlj''  that  he  does  not  consider  hir.self  any  molder  of  public 
opinion,  but  merely  a  worker  in  the  national  cause, remaining  just  that,  with 
no  desire  for  titles.  Smulski  then  spoke  of  present  tines,  during  which  we 
Poles  have  an  opportunity  of  eraerging  victorious  from  the  war  and  regaining  our 
homeland.  No  nation  which  does  not  lose  sight  of  its  aims  and  does  not  for- 
sake the  faith  of  its  ancestors  cen  ever  be  lost,  the  speaker  said.  Such  a 
nation  must  regain  its  freedom  and  independence.  Our  v«/orst  enemy  has  always 
been  the  cruel  Prussian,  with  whom  Poland  always  has  had  to  struggle,  and  v/ere 
it  not  that  Poland  is  partitioned,  there  woulo  be  no  war  today;  for  Poland,  once 
the  bulwark  of  Christianity,  defending  all  Europe  from  the  Tartars  and  Turks, 
would  not  have  permitted  the  Gerraan  to  cross  its  boundaries  and  begin  this  war 
were  it  a  single,  united  nation.  »'The  Great  statesmen  of  iilurope  know  this," 


-17 


o 


I  G  -  4  -  POLISH 

II  B  1  a 

III  H  Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  Mar.  12,  1918. 

IV 

continued  Gmulski,  "and  so  one  of  the  Allied  aims  is  to  create  an  indepen- 
dent Poland  which  v/ill  be  a  bulv/ark  from  sea  to  sea  against  Prussian  aggression. 
If  such  a  Poland  does  not  arise,  the  Germans  v;ill  rule  the  world." 

The  speaker  then  lauded  the  fruitful  labor  of  the  Polish  clergy  in  ;\merica,  who 
go  hand  in  hand  with  the  people  and  are  able  sons  of  Poland.  He  also  praised 
the  v;ork  of  Paderewski  who,  throu^^h  his  influence,  did  much  good  in  this  country. 
If  it  were  not  for  hiu,  we  v/ould  not  have  had  such  a  day  as  v;as  February  5  of 
this  year.  Speaker  probably  has  reference  to  Larch  3,  on  which  a  great  mani- 
festation v/as  held  at  the  Goliseuia.  Nothing  of  note  happened  on  February  ^J 
Smulski  then  condemned  the  spies  and  those  who  work  hand  in  hand  with  the  ene- 
mies of  this  country  by  agitation  against  the  Polish  Army.  These  people  are 
traitors  to  this  country,  he  said.  He  concluded  his  address  v/ith  the  v;ords  that 
Poland  must  be  free  and  independent  after  this  great  v;ar  is  over.  He  was  re- 
warded \>'j   the  thunderous  applause  of  the  audience. 


-^a 


■•*^ 


Follov/ing  Smulski 's  address,  F.  Lialinowski,  organist  of  St.  John  of  Gk>d  Church, 


I  g  -  5  -  POLISH 

II  B  1  a 

III  H  Dziennik  Zv/iazkowy,  Liar.  12,  1918. 
IV 

played  v;ith  great  artistry  a  piano  solo,  a  laedley  of  Polish  sonrjs.  The 
storm  of  applause  follov/ing  his  rendition  forced  him  to  return  for  an  encore. 
The  toastmaster  then  called  upon  Municipal  Judge  I.  J.  Sullivan,  a  Polish 
sympathizer,  to  address  the  gathering.  Judge  Sullivan's  entire  speech  was  de- 
voted to  acknov/led^^aent  of  the  services  of  Poles  in  this  country''  who,  as  loyal 
citizens  and  good  soldiers,  have  faithfully  stood  by  The  Star-Spantrled  Banner. 
In  conclusion,  he  expressed  the  hope  that  Poland,  as  well  as  other  oppressed 
nations,  may  regain  its  freedom. 

Follov;ing  Judge  Sullivan's  addres3  was  a  violin  solo  by  F.  Krol,  to  the  piano 
accompaniment  of  Llalinowski.  The  young  violinist  enchanted  the  audience  with 
his  music,  and  he  was  forced  to  return  for  an  encore. 

The  last  address  on  the  program  was  delivered  by  the  Heverend  L.  Grud^inski, 
well-known  preacher  and  sincere  v/orker  in  the  nationalistic  field.  Locally, 
he  is  called  the  guardian  of  the  children,  widov/s,  and  orphans. 


c  ■» 

C'JV 


-  6  . 


Dziennik  Zv/iazkowy, 


POLISH 


I.Iar« 


12,  1918. 


The  Reverend  Grudzinski  protested  that  the  qualities  attributed  to  him  by 
the  toastmaster  are  not  his  at  all  and  that,  if  he  works  for  the  cause  or  for 
society,  he  does  not  do  so  for  praise  or  honors  but  from  a  sense  of  duty  and 
from  force  of  habit,  for  he  hates  indolence.  The  speaker  pointed  out  how  lazy 
American  Poles  v;ere  in  working  for  our  sacred  national  cause. 


'*If  v;e  do  not  av/aken,"  the  speaker  said,  "if  we  do  not  all  stand  by  Paderev/ski, 
we  will  sink  to  the  level  of  those  who  have  not  grown  up  sufficiently  to  ac- 
complish anything.  If  v/e  want  to  be  Poles,  let  us  say  so;  let  us  either  be  of 
steel — or  of  butter. " 

"In  his  ovm  parish,  continued  the  Reverend  Grudzinski,  he  took  up  the  work  on 
a  broad  scale,  designating  collectors  who  will  regularly  call  upon  the  parish- 
ioners for  contributions  to  the  Polish  cause,  and  he  is  certain  that  St.  John 
of  God  Parish  will  be  first,  in  proportion  to  its  population, among  the  parishes 
and  communities.  Systematic  collection  of  a  nationalistic  tax  is  so  generally 
accepted  in  St.  John  of  God  Parish  that  even  the  school  children  donate  pennies 


'3 
J 


.and 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  Mar.  12,  1918. 


I  G  -  7  -  POLISH 

II  B  1  a 

III  H 

IV 

have  thus  far  made  a  very  creditable  shov/ing.  It  now  remains  to  be  seen  what 
sort  of  a  showing  the  public  v;ill  make.  In  continuing  his  speech,  Father 
Grudzinski  called  upon  every  one  to  contribute  money,  for  money  is  necessary  to 
purchase  cannon,  ammunition  and  other  thin^'^s,  not  argumentation,  which  leads  no- 
where. 

^If  we  cannot  work  together,^*  he  said,  '*let  us  drop  everything.  And  if  we  realty 
desire  a  free  and  independent  Poland,  let  us  give  everything  we  have  and  show 
that  we  are  real  Poles,  not  only  in  name  but  in  deeds  as  v/ell;' 

In  conclusion.  Father  Grudzinski  urged  the  young  men  to  enlist  in  the  Polish  army, 
ajQd  the  older  people  to  ;vork  and  contribute  for  the  Polish  cause.  His  closing 
words  were:  ^Then,  we  will  either  win  or  lose,  but  I  think  vie   must  win  and  re- 
gain our  homeland,  Poland,  May  God  grant  it  be  so," 

The  toastmaster  then  thanked  everyone  for  participation  in  the  program,  the 
Citizens'  Committee  for  its  efforts,  the  v/omen's  comiaittee  and  the  gathered  public* 


CO 


CI* 


I  G 


-  8  - 


POLISFI 


Dziennik  Zwiazkov/y,  Mar.   12,   1918, 


II  B  1  a 

III  H 
IV 

The  evening  v/as  concluded  with  a  general  singing  of  ^Viznerica^  and  **Boze 
Cos  Polske"  (GrOd  Jave  Poland). 


We  noticed  a  great  raany  proninent  persons  at  the  banquet.  At  the  iriain  table 
sat  the  Reverends  S.  Nawrocki,  L.  Grudzinski,  iC*  Kowalev^ski,  A.  A«  Klov;o,  and 
F.  Kachnowski;  Miss  H.  Napieralski,  secretary-general  of  the  Polish  ^'omen's 
Alliance,  Judge  Sullivan,  Recruiting  Officer  A.  V/olSxci,  J.  F.  Smulski,  and 
B.  Kowalev/ski. 


'vl 


CD 


CD 


The  press  v;as  represented  by  jI.  Kolakowski,  editor  of  Dziennik  Narodowy,  and 
V/.  Skwarczynski ,  of  Dziennik  Zwiazkowy. 


•    ^ 


•    • 


I   G 

I   J 


PCLI::^^ 


Dziennik  Zv;iazkov/y,    Feb,   22,    1918. 


c^:  'iinTDR':D  a^t;  FoiTT  ^iV^s  A^o  a:^d  ro'; 


(:^.ditorial) 


There  are  noraents  \wliich,    tnourh  centuries  apart,    ore  aLbnost   identical,    if  it 
happens   that   thev  result   from  similar  conditions.      A  hundred  and   forty  years 
af^o,    just   as   todaj^,   Ame  ^ica  was   at  war,    with  this   difference,   ho?/ever,    that   it 
foun-ht   for   independence    ..ith   the  last    strength  of  its  best    ^ons   and  r.ea^-er 
resources;    today,    as  a  riant,   it   fip-hts  not  onl."  for  the  freedom  and   independ- 
ence of  various  countries  but   for  the  dejaocracy  of  the  whole  v/orld.      A  hundred 
and  forty  years  a/70,   as  today,   /imerica  was  facin^  a  crisis   cre^'-'ted  by  the 
shortage  of  food  supplies    for  the   soldiers   in   the  field   and   for  those  who 
sup^^orted   them.      Cn  Jaiiusry  r!3,   177R,    the   commander  in  chief  of   the  /jnerican 
armed   forces,   later  to  become  the  first  President   of  the  T"^nited   states — 
Oeorr^e  V.ashin/^ton — addressed  the  follov;inp  v;ords  to  a    committee  from  Con^^ress: 


--J." 


"If  durinr  this  winter  and  in  the  comin.'-  sprin^r  v;e  do  not  receive  adequate  food 


I  n 
I  J 


o 


?OI.T^-I 


Dziennik   riwiazkovr/,    Feb.   2.?,    1913, 


supplies,   v.e  cannot   exrect  an'''  success   in  the   r^onin^^  canpalr^n.      Our  army, 
weakened  by   the  irrerulcr  and   inadermate  arrival  of  ror>:}   suT)j)lieG,    can   exrect 
little  else   than   ill   fane  and  disillusion:;ant.  *' 


In  his  v;ell-kno'.vn  letter  addressed   to  the   /-jrierican   f ari^  .^rs  at   their  convention 


thi  r 


c      ^r 


ear 


President  '.ilson  v-'rote  the   follovnn^r  v.ord 


J 


^^"^Yie  course  oT  events   has  taken  such   a   turn    that    the  forces   fifhtinr   :*"or  freedor. , 

the  freedom  of  the  pooT^l'3  of  the  Vw'hole  world  as  v;ell   as   cur  ov/n,    depend  upon   us 

to  an  extraordinaT'y  .--nd  uney/ect^d   extent,    namely,    .'or  the  maintenance  of  life 

so  that    oaey   can  live  and  fi'-ht,      \^  are   fi  v-itinr  just   as  -^luch  for  the  freecom 

and    indeDerid  3nce  of   the  T'nited     "tates    todfi^^   as   if  ^e  \;ere  firlitinr   our  ^evolutionar'v 

V.ar  over   arain.'* 


In  rrinciple    then,   nothin--  has    changed.      'L'oday,    just   as   a   centDr^.''  and    a  half  a-^o, 
not   so   ir.i]vortant  a  part   is  played  by  arns    v.rxr^.  th'^  nu";ber  •'^^  men  as   by  adequate 
food    supplies.      Today,    if   tne   Allies  v.ere  d  jnrivod  of   ade^'uate  food   sup^lios. 


I  J 


-    '^,    — 


n 


V 


Dzienri::  Zv/iazrcowy,    jeo. 


191S. 


they  v-oula  ro^    -'O  conquered    cy  ':err:^-in  pas   or   superiority  of  Teutonic   armed 
forces,    or  by   the  perfidious  diplomacy  of  the   eneny,   but  by  hun.c-'Or,   vhich 
v;ould  lay  thein  at   zh-j   "rernrins*    feet,      .'-sid  so,    just     n:\   a  hundred   and   forty 
ye'^vp^   ero  Concress  heeded  "..'ashi!  rton' s  v/ords   •  nd   suT>>^;liod   food,    so  today 
I  resident  '..ilson's   vorcs  ouf*nt  be  heeded  rot   only  b-     the  farrner:-    but  by  the 
v;hole  .jae  -lean  public;    for  outside   of  the  arr;y   it-ilf,    this  nublic    is   the 
-reat^st   ::nd  nost   imrortant   factor   In  rrViri:'   -ossible  the  li:^e,    uov^rnents,    and 
final  victor;;'  of  the  ^-Jljes. 

^odav  is    the   lB<^th   annive'-sar^-  of  the  birth   o^  Oer:Tre  ':ashinrtcn,    who  v/as  not 
only   th-o  founder  o^  .jaerican  denocracp,   >:ut  the  roc}:  upon  which  .-jnerica   hrs 
develoned   into  the   defender  and   herald   r :"  th     rights  of   individual   r-tions   and 
of  man.      Tad    it   not  been  for  tne  \.isdon,    oeer  insirht,    capability,    and   persever- 
ance of  ..'asliinf^ton,   the  Vnited   ntates  ir.i"-ht   not  have  become  \.'hat   it   is   today; 
perhaps,    durin^-   the  nres^nt  v:ar,    it  v;ruld  be  fi'htin,^-  on  the  or^-osite   -ide,    cr, 
divided   into   small   countries,      ould  bo  .conductiny  v.ithin   itself   a   war   similar 
to   the  one  now  r-rinr   in  "'urooe.      ':'hr^^^   it    is  united   ar^d   faithful   to  the  postulates 


-.  1 
1 


I  n 


-   4   - 


Tryr  T """^T 


J-       w 


Dzl enni':   "!v;i nz-- ovry ,    ? eb . 


oo 


1-ilB. 


of  democracy,  thr-t  it  hns  tfiker;  ur  nr-.s  rnd  tir-ed  t'le  ncolsn  of  victory  to 
the  side  of  the  ;j..lies,  ir  due  only  to  tho  irmr.ortal  spirit  of  ^-eorre  .'sshirif^ton. 
It  v.Tis  a  rPeat  moment  :*or  the  v;orld  v;h  on  thi^.  inco^^uT;tihl^^  man  first  saw  the 
li -at  of  ciey^   an^^  this  l^^^th  annive  sar:/  of  hi---  birth  is  a  rreat  day  for 
hamanity. 

America,  however,  remained  faithful  not  only  to  '  "as.'  inf?ton»  s  r^rirclples  but  to 
such  virtues  of  his  as  perseverance,   "..ashinr^on  v;as  ^ot  one  of  those  leaders 
for  V'hom  the  star  of  victor:/  shon^^  continually.   He  was  mor^^  often  defeated 
than  victorious.   At  the  ve^v  be.^innin^-  of  his  military  career,  V'ashinprton 
had  to  surrender  jort  ^'ecossity  bo  the  Prsrch.   As  cor.ir/iander  in  chief  of  the 
^■^.evolutionary  Army,  he  was  defeated  by  the  _n.^li sh  at  Lonr  Island  on  Aupust  27, 
177^.,  end  later  at  '..hi  te  Plains  on  '^ctober  28,    177f^.   defeated,  he  had  to 
retreat  throurh  ''cvi   Jersey,  and  after  temporary  success  at  Princeton  in 
January,  1777,  he  was  a.-ain  defeated,  first  at  Prardwine  and  then  at  rrennan- 
town  in  the  s^ime  year.   After  the  indecisive  battle  of  Fonm^uth,  he  withdrew 
the  remnants  of  his  army  vith  difficulty.  But  in  spite  of  all  this  ill  fortune 


CD 


C   J) 

ho 


rOLT^T 


Dziennik  Zvaazkovrv,    7 eh. 


1918. 


he  never  lost  heart,   hj  nevor  vmvered  nor  surrendered,    he  never  lor,t   faith  in 
himself  and  in  the  ^Tinri  can  cause,    y-rA  in  th-j   end  he  \va55  victorious. 


That   c'-reat  virtue,    rerseverance,    rerr^ained  a  characteristic   of  the  Ar.erican 
Deordo,    and  it   is   this   virtue  that  the  Allies   can   thank  for  the   fact   that   thev 
vwill  v;in.      Thev   can  face  raore   than  one  disaster,    more   than  one  disarrointment , 
but  with   the  help  of  the  Americans,    th  Tv'  murt  win  in   the  end.      Just   as  '"ashinrton 
did  not  r-jve  in  until  he  had  reached  his  foal,    so  /-jnerica  will  not  rive  in  until 
democracy  triumphs  and  brin^^s  with   it  the  freedom  of  nations. 


'>-' 


—J 

;  J 


,  'fVi'W^'-cr^fivt^.^^^^^  , 


I  G 


POLI SH 


Polonia,  Vol.  XII  -  No.g,  let,   21,  I9I8. 
Every  Citizen  a  Soldier  on  Duty  at  Home, 


'''^0<OPROj.302js 


Everyone  imist  help  if  we  are  to  win.   The  soldiers  must  ohey  the  orders  or  there 
will  be  no  army.   The  people  must  be  one  or  there  will  be  no  nation.   Therefore, 
wishing  to  win,  all  of  us  must  obey  orders.   This  is  your  war  guide  for  use  in 
your  home.   It  tells  you  what  foods  you  must  save  in  order  to  provide  ourselves 
and  our  Allies;  it  tells  how  we  can  stretch  our  supplies  so  every  one  will  hf^ve 
enough  without  any  harm  to  your  health  or  your  strength.   Your  government  does 
not  ask  you  to  give  up  the  three  square  meals  a  day  -  nor  even  one.  All  it  asks 
is  that  you  eat  less  of  the  foods  we  need  to  keep  the  armies  going,  and  eat  all 
you  want  of  the  other  things  of  which  we  have  plenty.  Eat  plenty  -  keep  up  your 
strength  and  you  will  help  to  win  the  war.   You  have  dedicr^ted  to  the  nation 
everything  tha.t  you  have;  you  are  asked  now  to  give  up,  just  some  habits  of  the 
kitchen  and  the  table.  America  and  her  Allies  must  not  run  out  of  wheat,  m.eat, 
or  fats.   If  we  let  th^.t  happen,  (Jermany  will  win  the  war.   We  must  save  sugar, 
use  every  drop  of  milk  and  we  must  learn  to  follow  directions. 


'i^   "jit .  ;> ' 


I  G 


POLISH 


Polonia,  Feb.  7,  1918. 

POLES  I  i.:aks  a  suprel!e  effcrt: 

Our  President  Says  That  War  Will  Be  Decided  in  1918 

Washington,  D.   C«— President  .Vilson  in  a  message  sent  to  the  farmers  con- 
ference at  Urbana,  Illinois,  said,  Tou  will  realize,  as  I  think  statesmen 
on  both  sides  of  the  water  realize,  that  the  culminating  crisis  of  the 
struggle  has  come,  and  that  the  achievements  of  this  year  on  the  one  side 
or  the  other  must  determine  the  issue. ^ 


''It  has  turned  out  that  the  forces  that  fight  for  fr.^edom,  the  freedom  of 
men  all  over  the  world  as  well  as  our  own,  depend  upon  us  in  an  extraor- 
dinary and  unexpected  degree  for  sustenance,  for  the  supply  of  the  material 
by  which  men  are  to  live  and  to  fight,  and  it  will  be  our  glory,  when  the 
war  is  over,  that  we  have  supplied  these  materials  and  supplied  them  abun- 
dantly, and  it  will  be  the  greater  glory  because  in  supplying  them  we  have 
made  our  supreme  effort  and  sacrifice^" 


"■•'*<*». 


I  G 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


Polonia,  Feb.  7,  1918. 


BROTHER  P0L2S 


Our  illustrious  President  has  you  in  mind  as  much  as  anyone  in  America,  his 
words  are  directed  to  you.  Now  it  is  up  to  you  to  make  good.  If  you  want 
to  shorten  the  war  produce  more.  If  you  ^/mnt  to  shorten  the  suffering  of 
the  population  in  Poland,  drive  that  extra  nail,  even  when  you  hear  the 
whistle  blowing.  If  you  want  to  save  the  life  of  that  starving  Polish 
mother  with  a  babe  in  her  arms,  do  more  work,  do  it  more  effectively  and 
influence  your  fellow  worker  to  do  the  same.  Rememberl  you  owe  a  duty  to 
your  President,  to  America,  and  to  your  own  dear  Poland;  and  do  not  forget 
that  the  TEUTON  whom  you  are  now  fighting  was  always  your  enemy.  Remember 
the  men  in  the  trenches,  consider  yourself  one  of  an  industrial  army  and  a 
part  of  its  military  equipment* 


Vt.'  <4i^":ypT 

h;."' 

t 

*• 

I  G 

• 

III 

D 

POLISH 


PCLGNIA    Jan*  31,  1918   Vol  XII  No.  5 


.'VPA  (ILL)  PRO].  30275 


Polish  Workingmeni  Your  Duty  is  to  Help  to  V/in  the  V/ar 

Nos^  is  your  opportunity  to  ftccf:ntu£.te  the  chc-.rscteristic  traits  of  your  nation: - 
those  of  gratitude,  sincere  friendship  and  loyt^lty  --  the  Cause  is  common* 
Your  national  exist^.nce  is  at  stake*  The  freedom  of  the  world  is  at  stake. 
Yes  even  your  own  personal  freedon.   nmerica  through  its  i-i-lustricus  President 
had  spoken  practically  the  firt.  powerful  word,  in  behalf  of  oppressed  Poland  - 
and  this  word  she  has  backed  bv  all  her  resources  on  land  and  sea.  Can  vou 
imagine  Poland^  s  fatel  Should  it  be  left  to  the  tender  mercies  of  a  victorious 
barbarian,  the  Prussian  who  a  centurj'  ■  nd  a  half  ugo  perpetrated  the  criminal 
partition  of  your  country  ?  Can  you  expect  i  nything  from  a  viper  who  flogged  your 
children,  some  to  death,  for  saying  their  ^.rayers  in  Polish  -  a  most  despicable  thief 
who  forcibly  expropriated  Polish  lands.  Noi  nost  eraphatically  no  I  Our  salvation 
lies  vilth  ijnerica,  with  the  Allies.  The  duty  is  plain.  Ourboys  have  freely 
volunteered  by  the  thousands,  many  tens  of  hundred  were  drafted,  and  thousand  of 
those  not  subject  to  draft  have  made  a  supreme  sacrifice  for  their  country,  (many 
being  older  and  men  with  families)  by  enlisting  in  the  ranks  of  the  Polish  x^rmy  in 
France  new  being  organized  in  nmerica.  ii.re  you  aoing  your  share? 


'•w'jirj**!!!'""***  ifi^fuw^u- 


i2  - 


POLONIA,  Jan.  31,  1918 •  Vol.  XII  No.  5 


POLISH 


IG 
III   D 

^'^'?A  (ILL)  PROJ.  30275 

You  can  if  you  will.     Let  not   Sfc-crifices  of  those  v/ho  lay  dovm  their  lives 

on  the  altar  of  patriotism  be  in  vr.in.     To  help  /oiiericu  v/in  the  war  cjid   insure 
the   st.fety  of  future  generations,  the  great  mass  of  the  workers  must  do   their 
part  loyally,   efficiently  and  unselfishly  at  home.     You  must   realize  what 
you  owe  to    -anerica  -  your  adopted   father  country.     America   safeguards  your 

life  and  property,  the  law  prohibits  sr. y  o:.e  to  harm  you,    tnd  guards  your 
hard   earned  money.     The  hospital;  ind  asylums  maintained  by  the  state  or  mun- 
icipalities are  open  to  you   in  case  of  need.     Your  children  are  given  eviiry 
opportunity  for  education  '~nd  advancement.     Yoi.'  may  want  to  know  how  you 

could   shov/  your  gr^.titude  toward  the  United  btates  we  will  advise  you. 
V/ORKl     Do  not  waste  time.     Every   loJy  who  is  working  hard  is  just  as  useful 
to  the  U.   S.   as  the    soldiers  in  trenches  in  France.     Advise  the  authorities 
concerning  plotters.      If  you  know  .      hear  of  plotters  who  try  to  hamper  the 
government  or  who  try  to   spread  disc  cure  geinent   umoi.^st  your  neighbors,   advise 
without  delay  the  proper  authorities,      o.^Vi.  LIONLY  -  Ti:e   expense  of  carrying 
on  this  war  is  tremendous,   especially  &s  v/e  must  no  -  only  pay  our  own  expenses 
but    ■  Iso  assist  our  ..Hies.     Helping  the   government  you  will  also  help  yourself, 
as  money  invested   in  Liberty  Bonds  or  V/ar  Saving  Stumps  (V/.S.S.)    accustom  you 
to  thrift  and  Y/ill  provide   for  you   future.     S/xVL  FULL,     i.lways  turn  off  electricity 
or  gas  if  it   is  not  absolutely  needed.     Heat  only  the  part  of  the  house,   in  which 


X  G 
III  D 


P-^.e   3 


POT  .QUIA,   Jan.  31,   1918.  Vol.  XII  No.   5 


POLISH 


you  live.      Aleve  clII   save  coal,  und  if  you   cun,use  wood  as   fuel.    *  fhe   cbSH^'^ 
is  indespensable  in  winning  the  v/er.      S>i'/E  FOCD.     Eat,  do  not   stint  yourself 
but  do  not  waste.      Substitute   rye  and   corn  for  wheat.     Ect  more  nourishing 
vegetables  such  as;   beans,   potatoes,   carrots,  v/hich  are  equally  nourishing 
but   cheaper  than  neat.     Meat  and  wheat  are  indispensable  for  our   soldiers 
in  Europe   and  our  Allies.     Be  lOC/i  loyal   and  do  not  forget  that   **iiiiierica' s 
Cause  is  the  cause  of  freedom  and   freedom  is  the  cause  of  Poland." 


Ill  I 

lY 


Dziennik  Aviazkovr/,  J?.n.  31,  191^ 


Th.e  ..  ilitary  Cor:^:ittee of  the  -  olish  .^mv   in  i''rance  has  •■athered  statistics 
from  all  o£   the  recruitim*  centers  __in  the  '.'nited  .tate_s_  since  their  o^eninr'^ 
to  Jeceriber  21-,  1917,  and  hereby  subrits  therr^,  believinr'  that  they  v/ill  be  of 
interest  to  the  *eneral  public,   statistics  from  Aecruitin--  Center  II,  Chica.^o, 
Illinois,  are  as  follo;vs: 


r; 


riie  recruitia^:   officer   in  Jhica*o,   th.e  rnetroT^olis  of   the  polish  people  in  th' 
•Tnited  .itates,    is  i:.    .Viechecki,   ^vho  lias   occupied  this  ^y   't   ever   since  Lieu- 
tenant Jkarz^nski  de-oarted.      STie  Jenter's  activities  are  as  follov/s: 


Up  to  January  1,    191R,  1,559   volunteers   enlisted.      Of  i/nese,   1,371;  ?;ere   sent  to 
the  trainin-'  can^.     Up  to  December  31,    1917,    tlie  Citizens   Cornriittee  collected 
$1^^,159.46   for  the  benefit   of  the  rolish  .^i.y ,    of  which  t^7, 782.10  v;as  used 
for  e^^enses  durin^^  that  nerio^^       .ore  than    .':5,j00   is   still  held    in  the  treas- 
uries    of  the  local   corjnittees.       *.'he  ser-eant-or-anizer  for    •ub-center  II, 
Lake  Lounty,    Indiana,   Stanley    .losins'^i,    or^-anized   a  citizens*    committee  in 


(JO 

r  ^ 


^« 


T   n 


—   *^    — 


\    -   ■         I  I      ^-^  f    • 


Dziennik    ^v;iazkowy,    Jan.    31,    1918. 

Joliet,    Illinois.      The  recruit in<":  station  there  enliste:;   ei''.hteen  volunteers 
in  the   course   of  five  davs. 


Phere  have  been  sone  chan'^-es  in  the  citizen's  coi^ittee  recently,  and  it  is 
horded  that  v;ith  the  hel^  of  the  ne-.v  rer-uilations ,  foriaulated  bv  the  Llilitarv 
ComT.ittee,   the  wovV.  \iHl   be  still  nore  intensive. 


CD 


CO 


i\ 


\ 


\ 


I   G 


I 

4 


III 

B 

2 

III 

E 

17 

rCLI3H 


DziQimik  /Aviazkovy,   Jan.   r^6,   1913* 

Gasimir    jychlinski  opene^I  the  nectinc  of  the  Citizens*   Coiiinittee  at  ei.^ht 
o^clock  in  the  evenin*.     Ilie  secretai^^,   J.   J.   Chrzanov/ski ,  vxas  not  able  to 
attend  because  of  illnoss.      ;.•   Brzozov;ski,   one  of  the  oroanizers  of  Recruit- 
ing Center  II  'jas  named  tenporar/  secretary  to  take  his  place. 

T^^e  folloivin;::  representatives  of  orcanizations  and  conniinities  u-ere  pre.':'ent: 
Dr»  A.   Balcerzak,   of  the  i^'olish  Physicians*  -association;   J,   otrzelecki,   vice- 
president  of   the  Citizens'   Comnittee  of  rlensiji'^ton;   ...   Grochov/ski,  of   the 
ICxecutive  ConriitteG;    JohJi  Kostkiov/ic.;,   secretary'  of  the  Citizens*   Gcrimittee 
of  .^vondale;    John  Przyiiorski ,  iJ.li:mce  of  l-olish  L.ilitar^^  oocioties; 
./•  V/rzosinski,   Executive  Co.vjiiutee  of  Tovm  of  Lake;  IvI.   Drzov/icki,  iiixecutive 
Conraitteo  of  ot.   Casirair's  /^'<?^^i^^\  1^«   ^ietinajer,  national  Department; 
A.  Turcz^m,   serceant  fron  leru,   Illinois;   S.   J.   Dudek,    Executive  Committee 
of  South  Chicafp;    J.   Bzdek,     ecretary  of  the  Citizens*   Committee  of  Kensing- 
ton;  I.irs.   T.  3mialkov7ski,  of  Kensington;   Doctor  R,  Cstrov/ski,  Lake  Company, 


O 

CD 


_     *^    — 

"•     ;^    "• 


POLISH 


Dziennik  />>7la7.kov.y,   Jan.    126,   1918. 


I  g 

III  B  ?. 

Ill  II 

17 

IlGnnriond,    Indiana;   ;..   Sambor,   vice-president  of  Sub-center  II, 
Indiana  Farbor,  idchiran;   L,  Szv/ankov/ski ,  vice-president  of  Sub-center  III, 
Bridgeport;    J.  Sv;ierci^ek,    ./est  Iiarainond,   Illinois;    '.;.    Jz-.n^^^   vice-president 
of  the  Citi-.ens*   Gornriittee  of  Hockford,  Illinois;   .^.   Gorecki,  of  St. 
Adalbert's  /Tnrish/]    Z.    Jisniov/gki,  of  the  Sxcutive  Goniiittee;    ./.  Lubicz, 
Circuit  II,  i-olish  Falcons*   .illiance;     /.   ii janov/ski,  Ii.   Sloch,  Dr.  Lenard, 
and  F.   Sikorski,  all  of  South  Ghicarp;   and  3.   Janko::ski,  of  Tovti  of  Lake. 
The  adrriinistration  of  the  Citizens'   Gornittee  v;as  represented  by  G.    'yohlinski, 
John    ;edda,  Llrs.  ^^A^T"  Ileur-vin,   ...   Groc]iov7^>ki,    ■./.  Sclirojda,  F.   Idsie':icz,   and 
K.   J.     Jiechocki. 

Officers  Subnit  Reports 

President    lychlinski  cyave  a   short  report  of  his  activities  since  he  took  office 
after  the   resi^^nation  of  the  Gormiti.oe's  fomer  president,   L.    J.   I'orlovjski* 


o 


•  -i 
-1 


The  auditing:  of  the  books,   v/hich  took  place  l^ist  vjeek,    s]io^.:ed  the  accounts 


I   0 


POLISH 


'J7ien  i\     T;i^<zkQ'\"7^>    J^'n.   <]6^   1918 


III  3  ^. 
III  11 
IV 

to   be   in  rpod  ordor  v;it}i  the    exception  of  t-^o  iiinor  itenn  v/iiich  can- 
not bo   clieckod  until  the  pi;rtios  concerned  rotuvn  to   the  city. 


Fin'j.nci.-l  .jeci;et;  r^r     edda  r^recont^d  un  unusu'illy  det-iiled  financi'^l  report. 
Iiis  ro^:'ort,    coveria-  the  ^^eriod  from  tho   ti^no  of   the  Gomaittee^s  orrnniza- 
tion,     M'pjLiit   H4,    l'J17,    to   JiinunTzr  V'A^    lOlB,    follovn: 

Incor-^e 

Collections v2,045.67 

Sale  of  :^ouvcnirt5 .y 2, 410. 18 

Don:\tionG ■8,9G8.96 

Total ylo, 425.81 

Disbursejiont.i 


o 


CD 


Lxinifer.tr:tions .$::, 001.64 


Ul  -  4  -  l-CLIJII 

III  B  n 

III  II  ")zieiiiik    .v;i^i:l:ovc'>   ^an,    26,    1918» 

1/ 

.-dninir'tr'ition  e:C)G;icGs ^     P.7,3,6.'5 

oouvenirn   2,119.95 

-locrui M'l"  o;rnensos o,7-^^l.b4 

Totia :8,UG.76 

0D3h  b-l'inc9 :5,r-79.05 

The   :Iet:iiled  reports  of  Monhe^^r^  of  tlie   J::eculrlve  Coiu.iitoee   sho-ved  tl'-jt  tr-ent^r- 
four  nrition^il  rnanif ef.it-itions  ivtci  ocon  arr-a  -ed,   -^.t  a  tot'il  cost  of  •^'!,046,67, 

.Gttin'-  -^siue  ;X>r:?.l  benefii-.s   dorivod  fron  t:ie;";e  ryiriirontntioni^,   the  pjaterial 
T^>rofitr'  v:cro   ri'o-tt,    for  colloction:";  v;eve  ta]:on  u^  each  ti]:]e.      Pccceptions  v;ere 
heli   for  t>io  I  o3.iGh-Frenoh  Ooni'ij  .ision  in  ^.unVldt  Park  end  at  tViO  PoIIgIi  Press 
Gluo,      ./liii    •••"r  tiv^   o.rienses  '.-ore  unusu^.My  sm::11,   for  tliev  a-'iountad  to  only 

,27o.6'3   for  a  period  of  five  nonths. 

The   larf-est   e:c  en':e  v.ts   incurred   in  recr^aitinn  activitio-.,   bnt  iTach  riood  vias 
'lone.      In  nan^^  cases,   tao  fa:."dlioc  of   volun'^-eors  "  ere    --"iven  financial  aid, 


r 

r- 


C 


rcii.3!^ 


'JziennV.-: 


i  •    ""'"n" 


-»r  J,  .    ^  '^>r  1    ^'1    P 


I  g 

•^  T  T      D      O 
^  X  J.       -^       .-J 

III  ':'. 
TJ 

voliintC'^rr  fi**^!'!  *" 'it-oT— t»oi  T:   r-^n    "bho'C  vrirrln'"  i^lirou"'"''   ChiC'/T)   '  ovo 
:ionrit:ibl7  rcceivod,    '".troot  cr  f-  res  vere   rot^irno'"^. ,    bi..r^'ucj:r;   •.'ere   r.et  up 
at  tlie   r;ilro::d   r^t-  tion,   .?:nd  beriG,   blr.n!:e-oc,    ':..rA  j'illo"r>  v:ore   purely  sod;    in 
ndditir^n  to   ti.in,   encP  volunte   r  v-?.    pivon    >1«^30  nc   s^iendiii^*  rir^nep  for  the 
triio.      Lc.tor  tPi.':^  v/a.o  reduced   to     1.'  b.     I.otel   brills  :;ere  alco  ")aid  for 
those  volunteero  f^r  '/iion  there   .:  r:  ri'^t   space  enouph  at  the  bari'acVs.     The 
volunteers  v/ere   ,  ivcn  knapGac!:;::  and  a   .^-reat  nany  otb.er  tliin   n  connected 
v;ith  recruitiac  "'^-^^^  ^lt}^   ".ondinp  volunteers  to  the   traininp  car.p» 

tecr^iitin:^  CfTlccr    .'ieci  ecki    ^^  ve  a   nb.ort  Militar"'  re"nort.     I.io  renort 
Gho'-ed  ta'.it  tr.ere  v^ere  1,649  volunteers   fron  Chicapo;    Tov.ti  of  Lake  led  all 
of  the  other  PoliGh  co:ni;unitieG,    Eurp-l-'-inp  five  hundred  mono     idl   reports 
v:ere  accented. 


7ollov7inp  these  reports,    the  nevj  regulations  for  tlie  Citi  :ens'   Co^TinitteeG 
for  the  Polish  ^  .n-.^ir  in  Fr-ince  -.vere  rcp.d  and  accepted,      :3oc':"'!se  of  the  incoii- 
plete  attendance — all  of  tlio  orpanizations  not  beinp  rc])res8nted — the 


-  6  - 


Dziennik    .vii'xzkoirj »   ^rin.   :iG,   1918. 


Ui 

III   B  2 

III  11 
IV 

elections  to  be  held  under  the  ncv;  rer-ulntionc  ;7ere  pontponod  until 
the  ne:ct  neetin;;,   v/Iuch  v/ill  be  held  on  Febriiary  4  ?.t  the  Polish  National 
-Alliance  Ho  11  nt  7:30   in  tlie  evenin '• 

It  vjas  decided  to  issue  invitations  to  all  lolish  pastors  and  to  all  orf^mi- 
zations  to  send  their  doler-r.tes,  nroi^nrlv  suT)"nlicd  v;ith  rrritten  credentials, 
to  this  !ieetin'%  The  invitations  will  be  i^ublisViCd  in  all  Polish  ne-.vspapers 
s^Tipathetic  to  the  Polish  o-\une,  /ji  announcenont  of  this  sort,  addressed  to 
the  or^^anizations  belon'":i,\£^  to  L^ecmitinr"  Center  II,  \jill  apnear  Tvithin  the 
next  fe','  days, 

VJith  tliis  decision,   the  neetinc  "^<s  adjourned* 

..'.   Brzozov:ski, 


re* 


Co 


teinporar^;'  secretary  of  the  Citizens*   Coririittee 


I  G 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zvd.azkovrr,   Jan.   22,   1918, 

COI.CITO^ORY  I.JLIT.J^  32xV/ICi:]  HI  T:l:  TJIJirflD  ST/.T^S 


(Editorial) 


A  new  strui:{:^e,  perliaps  one  of  the  most  sijgiiricant  of  the  present  war, has 
begun  in  Washincton.  The  whole  arriiy  st-iff ,  a  part  of  the  cabinet,  and  a 
majority  of  both  houses  of  Congress  are  in  favor  of  Senator  Chariberlain*s  pro* 
posed  bill,  mcvki'ig  general  militun^  service  conpulsory.  Heretofore,  military 
service  has  ^^Q^n   conpulsory  only  to  certain  classes,  v/hile  others  have  been 
exe]iipt . 


2 

CO 


Advocates  of  this  bill  say  tliat  /jnerica  can  never  have  a  truly  great  arm;^^  so 
lone  as  it  adheres  to  the  present  highly  incoiipetent  draft  system,  for  it  does 
not  distribute  evenly  tiie  burden  of  military  service,  and  it  does  not  tend  to 
create  a  sense  of  national  duty,  such  as  should  bo  felt  by  everyone,  that  every 
man  ov;es  his  country  his  stren^^th  and  his  life;  the  tendency  nov;  is  to  evade 
this  duty  if  possible. 


Chamberlain's  bill  is  not  yet  in  proper  form  for  presentation  in  Con(p7es3«  Thus 


I  G 


-  2   - 


POLISH 


DzienniK:  Zvaazkov.y,    Jan. 


1918  • 


far,  it  merely  cites  the  exaniple  set  by  Europe,  where  compulsory  military  serv- 
ice is  general  everywhere,  which  alone  enables  defense  against  invasion.  How- 
ever, the  general  draft  systen'i  is  different  in  various  countries.   In  Geri.iany, 
for  exajnple,  it  was  expanded  to  such  a  degree  that  seventeen -year-olds  as  v«ell 
as  sixty-year-olds  7:ere  drafted  into  the  ar.ay,  depending,  of  course,  upon  whether 
their  physical  condition  v.llo  such  as  to  pen.iit  array  service.   In  riUStria-Hungary, 
iaen  between  the  ages  of  nineteen  and  fifty-five  were  taicen  for  arny  service,  while 
in  England  tiie  age  li;ait  was  forty-three.   In  spite  of  its  limitea  conscription, 
England,  its  colonies  included,  nanaged  to  raise  an  army  and  a  naval  force,  in- 
cluding the  crews  of  merchaiit  vessels,  of  7,5vJU,Q03.   If  .vTierica  used  the  same 
age  limit,  it  could  raise  an  army  of  over  fifteen  million  men. 

Is  such  an  army  necessary,  however?  iiccording  to  President  Vilson,  who  is  de- 
cidedly opposed  to  the  measure  and  who  will  use  all  his  strength  to  help  defeat 
it  when  it  is  placed  before  Congress,  general  compulsory  militcAry  service  in- 
stead of  the  present  limited  draft  system  is  not  only  unnecessary  but  would 
actually  be  harmful  to  the  country.   In  the  first  place,  says  the  President, 
it  would  change  ^imerica  into  a  militaristic  nation,  which  w^ould  not  only  affect 


:m 


I  a 


-  3  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zvwiazkowy,  Jan.  22,  1918, 


our  national  economy  but  v/ould  reflect  in  our  political  relations  v/ith  other 
countries,  which  would  see  in  a  militaristic  United  States  a  powerful  threat 
to  their  own  existence.  In  the  second  place  such  a  measure  v;ould  completely 
disrupt  commercial  and  industrial  activity  in  the  whole  country  for  those  v/ho 
should  be  peacefully  working  in  the  shops  or  attending  to  their  business  would 
be  forced  to  carry  a  rifle.  President  .Vilson  will  do  v;hat  he  can  to  bring 
about  the  defeat  of  the  proposed  bill. 

But  there  are  other  reasons  v;hy  general  conpulsorj"  military  service  is  super- 
fluous. In  the  first  place,  an  innovation  of  this  sort  would  weaken  rather 
than  strengthen  the  United  States  Army,  not  in  numbers,  of  course,  but  in 
quality.  All  wars  have  proved  that  young  soldiers,  not  old  soldiers,  win 
battles.  If  iiluropean  nations  have  raised  the  nilitai^''  age  limit  to  sixty, 
it  is  from  frantic  necessity.  The  United  States,  even  if  it  should  find  it- 
self under  the  most  difficult  conditions,  v;ill  never  have  to  face  such  a 
necessity,  for  no  coalition  could  possibly  throw  so  great  a  force  on  American 
shores  that  fifteen  million  soldiers  v/ould  be  necessary  for  our  defense. 
America  need  send  to  France  no  more  than  three  million  men  at  the  very  most, 


T3 

CO 
CD 


^-4 


I  G 


-  4  - 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy^  Jan.  22,  1918. 


POLISH 


so  that  even  in  this  respect  general  compulsory  military  service  is  super- 
fluous • 


Let  us,  however,  take  examples  from  American  history.  The  largest  array  that 
the  United  States  ever  put  into  the  field  was  the  Union  Anny  during  the  Civil 
V/ar.  In  this  army  of  3,300,000, were  men  between  the  ages  of  eighteen  and 
twenty-one.  There  were  over  a  million  eighteen-year-old  soldiers  and  almost 
a  million  seventeen-year-olds.  To  give  the  true  characteristics  of  this  array, 
we  will  add  that  it  actually  contained  children,  for  there  were  100,000  fourteen-  oi 
year-old  boys.  And  this  army  was  victorious,  defeating  the  aimy  of  the  South, 
v/hich  consisted  of  older  men. 


T3 


From  the  above  it  can  be  seen  that  America  does  not  need  genei^l  compulsory 
military  service.  The  present  war  strength  of  the  United  States  Array  is  about 
1,500,000  men.  Of  the  first  class,  that  is,  men  between  the  ages  of  twenty-one 
and  thirty-one,  about  a  million  or  more  reciriits  can  be  called.  Taking  those  who 
reached  the  age  of  twenty-one  by  J\me  5,  1917,  the  United  States  could  have 
700,000  new  recruits  yearly;  that  is,  over  1,400,000  for  the  years  1917  and 

1918.  Altogether,  then,  without  resorting  to  general  conscription,  America 


I  G 


-  5  - 


POLISH 


I 


Dzlennlk  Zwlazkowy,  Jan.  22^  1918 • 

can  have  an  army  of  3,800,000  men  this  year,  which  should  be  entirely  suf- 
ficient* If  it  is  taken  into  consideration  that  in  case  of  necessity,  nine* 
teen  and  twenty-year-olds  can  be  taken  into  the  army,  then  without  effort, 
the  United  States  can  raise  an  army  the  size  of  England's,  that  is,  over 
seven  million  men*  Why  should  America  need  more  soldiers?  Ibis  question 
cannot  be  answered  by  those  who  are  in  favor  of  Chamberlain* s  bill* 

Thus,  everyone  ought  to  support  President  Wilson's  stand  on  this  question, 
and  help  him  defeat  the  Chamberlain  Bill,  provided  it  is  introduced  in 
Congress* 


1:- 


O 


I  a 


POLISH 


Dziennik    -'vdazkov/y,   Jan,    12,    1918. 

DO  YOUR  DUTY 
HJY  THRIFT  ST.^ITS  AI^D  IIEL?  DIFI.^  TIiE  KiilSj^R 

Above,   v;e  -oresent  a  facsiraile  of  a  "Thrift  Card*'.      It  is  a  nark   of  patriotism 
to  possess   such  a  card. 


.Thenever  you  buy  a   "Tlririft  Stamp",   you  are  contributing'^  to  the  purchase  of 
one  more  bullet,  v/hich  may  perhaps   save  the  life   of  one  more  .-^merican,    and 
brin^  death  to   one  more  enemy  of  civilization.      The  staiap  that  you  buy  jray 
help  to  purchase  one  more   pair  of  shoes,   or  a  blanket  for  one  of  our  warriors. 
;;henever  you  buy  a  "Thrift  3tam.p,"  remember  that  you  are  helninp;  to  brin.?^ 
about   the  defeat  of  the  Kaiser  and  his  enormous  army. 

If,    from  time  to  time,   you  do  v'ithout   some  necessity,    or  some  article  that 
you  'vant  and  are  accustomed  to  havinf^,   and  in  its  stead,    :>nou  buy  a  few  "Tiirift 
Stamps",   attaching  them  to  a  card   as  T)ictured  above,   you  rirove  yourself  a 
Txitriot.      ./hen  your  "Thrift  Card"  has  been  filled  with  stajips,    you  can  take 


o 


CO 
CD 

en 


I   G 


_      O      ^ 


F0LI3II 


Dz i en n i k  Z":i a zk o vr.^ ,    Jan.   1.^,    1918, 


it  to  the  nearest  "oost  office  and  there  receive  in  exchan^'e  a  government 
certificate/Tar  Savia^s  Certiricate  .]taniT>7. 


The  card  pictured  above  has  s^^ace  for  tv:enty  "Tlirift  Jtamps".      I^ery  stamp 
affixed  to  the  card    is  a  Liberty  ^ond  in  miniature,      a  card  of  tliis  kind  can 
be   exchan-ed  for  cash  on  January  1,    19.-^3.      The    'OveriLment  v;ill   pay  annual 
interest  of  four  per  cent,   /jcor!r>utedZevor\''  three  riionths,    on  money  saved   in 
this  way.      If,   however,   you  should  need  the  money  before  then,    you  can  with- 
draw it  at   any  time  and   the  .^-overnment  will  nay  three   per^cent/a'nnual^interest 
on  it   from  the   time  of  deposit  to    its  withdrawal. 

However,    there  will   not  be  many  who  will    vant  to  cash   in  their  cards  before 
the   exniration  date.      Puather  v/iU  everyone  ';xant  to  buy  as  many  "Tlirift 
Stamiys"  as  possible. 

./hen  a  card  with   ".;ar    javinf:s  Stamps"  has  been   filled,    it  mil  be  worth 


CD 


3 


roLioii 


Dziennik    '///iazkowy,   Jan.   12,    1918. 


one  hundred  dollars    (twenty   stami-^s   at  five  dollars   each),    redeemable  on 
January  1,   1923. 


re- 


^tn'/^^-"^  -;lr».  «■-•"•»»' 


1  I 


I  G 


POLCNIA         Jbti.    :;,   1918         Vo,  All     No.   1 


POLISH 


W?A(iLL)PROj.  302/4 


Help  the  Gcvernmunt  to  'A'in  the  \7c.r 


The  gcvernrKont  of  the  United   StJ:.tes  issuing  V/lt  Scvin^;,  Stamps     nd  Thrift  Stamps 
gives  opportunity    to  thie  peooie  to  win  the  w:.r.      You  don't  hc.ve  to   be   rich  in 
order  to  buy  a  bond.     You   can  help  the  govtrnrnent  by  buying  k.j^  Thrift   stamps. 
Every  time   you  do  that   you  buy  a  little   '^5^^   stamp   you  may  be   convinced  thrt  you 
are  doing  something  for  the   ccuntr.  .     x.ppealing  to  the  people^  to  v-omen  ^lO  manage 
our  households,  to   the  children,  to   ialci^ers,  and  to  v/orkers  in  generfd,   the 
government   is  more  generous  than  to   large  investors,  who  loaned  billions  of  doll?  rs 
pnd  v/ill  lend  more.     So   called  Bab^    Bonas  c.rt:  backed  b,    the   rich   resources  of  the 
United  States,    same  -s  Liberty  Bonds  andpc;    interest  of  4/J  quarterly.     Do  not   hesitate 
to  buy  War  S- ving  Stamps   for   every  extra  dollar   you  h   ve,   because  United  States 
Government  made   such  arrangement   that  you  ma^    get   yoir'-one;    for  xhem  in  a  few  da;  s 
if  you  need  ito     The   Dab:,    Bonds  constitute  goluen  opportunities   for  the  children. 
Hov/  often  your  son  or  daughter  v/anted  to  know  what  to  do   in  order  to  help  the 
government  xo  win  the  V/c.r.     Hew  cften  the;,    triea  to   imitate   soldiers  in  trenches 
or  nurses  taking  care  of  the  wounded   soldiers.     "^!o\v  is  the  opportunity.     When  a 
child  buys  a  Thrift   Stamp   at  the   post   ofi'ice,    it  most 


.1  G 


Paj^e  *- 


POLOIIIA. 


Jan*  3,   1918.  Vo.  XII  No.  1 


POLISH 


^v^v  (;LL.)PR0>.3027i 

probably  furnishes  means  by  which  the   liv*  s  of   zho  .niiierican   soldiers  will  be 
saved.      By  denying  himself  or  herself  curdy    ,   gum  or  toy   it   serves  the  count '^    , 
like  u  soldier  who  bears  arms'.     Snch  child,   not  only  helps  to   supply  the  c;nny 
in  the   field,   but  also  helps  to   release   tome  v/crkers  doing  unnecess:  ry  v/ork  in 
factories.      ITrie  year  of  1918  v/ill  be  known  in  history  uq  a  S-^ving  for  oar  Year. 

Before  you  buy  something,   think  if  you   could   not  get  along   witiiout  this  particular 

article.      If  so,  use  that  mone;,    for  buying  Thrift  Stamps*     The  United   States 

government   expects  about  l^kiO.OC   from  every  man,  woman, 

Let  us  see  how  quickly,   every  one  of  us  can  supp^^    o'or 

Do  not  delay*.     You  are  able  to  buy  two  or  three  times  as  much. 


or  dhiid   in  the  countr\  . 

\  -        * 

overnrflent  with  $20.00. 


If  you  are  able, buy  more  because  there  are  those  v/ho   are  too   poor  to  buy  and 
again  there  ar^.  these  v/ho  are   indifferent.     Remember  th^t  by  helping  your 
government  you  are  helping  yourself.     You  v/ill  also   notice  that  this  is  the 

easiest   saving  system  of  any  that  ht  s  been  tried.      Allien  you  ^:et  old  you  will 
bless   our  government  for  giving  you   such  golden  opportunity  to   save  and  invest 
your  money.  ^ 


I_G 
I  C 


poLiai 


Po Ionia.   Vol.  XII,  No.   50,   Dec.   13,   1917. 

P0L23  AS  aUAIvDIAIJS  OF  AI-HEIGAi:  ETDUSFRIES 


I'^'PA  Oil)  FROJ.  30275 


In  view  of  the  recent  proclamation  of  President  iVilson,  and  the  rep:ulations 
issued  for  the  safe^uardin{^  of  American  industries  and  property,  we  deem  it 
very  opportune  to  consider  briefly  the  relation  of  the  American  citizen  of  Polish 
extraction,  to  the  interest  and  safety  of  itnerica*  Of  all  citizens  of  foreign 
birth  or  descent,  the  Pole  is  perhaps  the  most  dependable,  and  the  best  fitted 
to  do  his  part  in  the  colossal  task  ;7hich  confronts  this  country  upon  its  entrance 
into  the  epochal  war  for  democracy.   It  suffices  to  note  only  tl:e  most  important 
reasons  that  lead  us  to  this  conclusion* 


The  Pole  is  the  traditional  foe  of  the  Teuton,  his  arch  enemy,  whom  he  has  fought 
for  apos  on  many  of  the  most  .-rlorious  battle  fields  of  history,  and  at  whose 
hands  he  has  suffered  most.  Those  A'r.erican  readers  who  are  acquainted  with 
Henr^/k  Sienkie/vicz^s  realistic  novel  "The  Enights  of  the  Gross,"  will  understand 
how  bitter  was  the  stru(^-le. 

From  the  davm.  of  its  history,  Poland  has  heen   compelled  to  combat  Teutonic 
arcgression  that  threatened  its  national  existence.   The  conflict  continued  for 
over  four  centt;ries  ijitil  it  terminated  in  the  disrriemberment  of  Poland. 


I  c 


•2- 


Polonia,  Vol.  XII,  No,  50,  Dec.  13,  1917* 


POLISH 


WPAdLUPROJ.  30276 

It  was  Frederick  the  Great  of  Prussia  who  planned  the  r^reatest  crin.e  in  history, 
the  partition  of  Poland  and  was  most  instrumental  in  executing  it.   Later  it 
was  Bismarck  who  inaugurated  the  ruthless  system  of  extermination  that  airbed 
at  the  very  root  of  natio^:^l  li"^"o,  and  that  the  Pole  with  his  characteristic 
tenacity  resisted  and  defeated.  These  are  only  a  few  of  the  innumerable 
causes  that  might  be  cited  in  ex^^lanation  of  the  deep  rooted  animosity  of  the 
Pole  toward  the  Teuton.  This  is  the  reason  why  there  are  very  few  if  any  pro 
Gernan  Poles  in  spite  of  all  the  baits  thrown  to  them,  in  the  form  of  a  ficti- 
tiously independent  Polish  Kin'^dom.  There  are  ver^''  few  Poles  in  the  present 
day  who  could  be  deceived  by  German  offe:-s.  Prussia  has  tau';ht  the  Poles  that 
Germany  has  no  code  of  national  honor  or  T.orality  and  that  all  her  pledges  and 
offers  are  just  scraps  of  paper. 


For  America,  on  the  other  hand,  the  Pole  feels  a  strong  natural  sjanpathy  and 
there  are  the  closest  ties  of  kinship  binding  him  to  the  land  of  Washington 
and  Lincoln.  The  Pole  holds  in  coTjnon  with  the  A^.erican  the  same  ideals  of 
liberty,  justice  and  fair  play.  The  entire  history  of  Poland  is  an  attestation 
of  this  fact.   It  is  unnecessary  to  nention  here,  those  Polish  heroes,  Kosciuszko 
and  Pulaski,  who  fought  for  the  cause  of  iVmerican  independence,  as  every  American 
school-boy  knows  them.   In  all  the  wars  of  this  country  the  Poles  have  given 
lavishly  cf  their  blood  and  possessions,  to  America. 


I  g 

I  c 


-3- 


Polonia,  Vol.  :QI,  :Io.  50,  Dec.  13,  1917 


POLISTT 


WPA  (ill.)  PRO  J.  3027b 


Industrially  and  economically  they  are  a  very  Important  factor  in  the  developrent 
of  this  country.  Hundreds  of  thousands  of  Poles,  are  employed  in  our  factories 
and  on  our  far:;.s,  Ey  their  work  t:iey  have  contributed  in  no  a.iall  de.c^ree  to- 
ward aw^'iientin,'^  and  developin  ;  the  vast  lesources  \.\d   riches  of  America.   The 
Poles  may  be  counted  aiong  our  most  lc:yal  and  exemplary  citizens.   Loyalty  to 
America  comes  naturally  to  the  American  citizens  of  rolisii  o^.ciaction.   In  the 
oath  of  allef^iance  to  the  United  States,  he  renounces  no  government  of  his  own, 
he  renounces  only  those  who  have  been  his  ar;e-lonc  foes  and  oppressors,  the 
Cterr.ian  and  Austrian  Laisers.  He  embraces  American  citizenship  as  an  emancipation 
from  an  odious  foreif^n  yoke,  as  a  .golden  opportunity  to  live  a  free  and  useful 
life  that  was  denied  to  him  in  his  native  land.  His  loyalty  to  America  is  no 
divided  loyalty  and  he   appraciates  fully  and  benefits  by  the  opportunities,  he 
is  ever  re-idy  to  r,ive   his  life  and  all  for  the  country  of  *nis  adoption.   America's 
cause  is  his  cause.  Has  not  o^or  honorable  x^esident  proclaimed  the  rif^ht  of 
Poland  to  '*A  united  independent  and  sutonomous  existence"?  Is  not  A  lerica  also 
fi/^hti.n,c^  Poland's  cause  on  the  vast  ba^-tlef ields  of  Europe.   The  American  citizen 
of  Polish  birth  or  descent  can  not,  therefore,  do  otherv/ise  than  lend  his  whole 
hearted  and  staunch  support  to  the  United  States  of  America.   This  country's 
enemies  are  his  enemies,  its  interests  are  his  interests.   It  is  ,t]ierefore, 
perfectly  natural  that  he  is  doing  all  in  his  power  to  r^uard  these  interests  and 
that  as  a  ^^uardian  of  American  industries  he  is  a  factor  to  be  reclconed  with. 


-*-<»M"i.*'*i  ■  -•• 


riiri'.' 


'——  '-- 


I  G 
III  H 
IV 


POLISH 


vy 


Dziennik  Zwia2kov;y,  Oct.  23,   1917. 

Cnr  BIDS  FAREViELL  TO  POLISH  VOLUlTTaSRS 

Parade  in  Loop 

The  second  party  of  Polish  volunteers  left  for  the  training  canp  at  Niagara-on- 
the-Lake  yesterday.  Our  brave  boys  departed,  determined  to  teach  the  Kaiser 
a  lesson  and  to  avenge  all  the  wron^^s  Germany  has  done  Poland.  They  left  with 
smiles  on  their  faces,  cheered  by  thousands  of  friends  and  relatives  in  the 
Polish  neighborhoods  and  dovmtovm. 

At  about  10:15  in  the  morning,  the  volunteers  gathered  at  St.  Mary  of  the 
Angels  Church.  Mass  for  the  departing  soldiers  vms  first  celebrated  by  the 
Reverend  F.  Gordon,  pastor  of  the  parish,  after  which  he  delivered  a  very 
inspiring  sermon  that  moved  those  in  the  church  to  tears.  Reverend  Gordon 
was  assisted  at  mass  by  Reverends  Tarasiuk  and  Stoinski. 

In  his  sermon.  Father  Gordon  spoke  of  the  heroic  deeds  of  Polish  arms,  the 


mm 


=33 


.^k. 


1 


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III  H 
17 


^  2  ^ 


Dzlennlk  Zwlazkovyy>  Oct.   23,  1917. 


POLISH 


deeds  of  oxxr  great  forefathers.  He  then  passed  on  to  present  times  and 
spoke  of  the  task  that  rests  upon  the  shoulders  of  the  Polish  Array 
voltinteers  \irtio  are  going  to  battle  for  a  free,  independent,  and  United 
Poland.  He  spoke  of  the  glorious  dawn  of  freedosi  that  will  light  up  the 
Polish  horizon,  and  his  words  were  filled  with  a  great  love  for  Poland  and 
the  Polish  cause.  His  words  were  listened  to  with  great  attention  by 
everyone  in  the  church. 

After  the  church  services  were  concluded,  the  volunteers  were  taken  to  the 
parish  hall,  where  a  breakfast  had  been  prepared  for  thenu  About  three 
hundred  volunteers  and  numerous  invited  guests  and  representatives  of 
organizations  participated.  During  the  course  of  the  breakfast,  addresses 
were  delivered  by  the  following: 

Casimir  Zychlinski,  president  of  the  Polish  National  Alliance,  Mrs.  A.  Neuman, 
president  of  the  Polish  Women's  Alliance,  the  Reverend  Francis  Gordon,  pastor 


■B.-        i.iiiinr.i>  I  .   HI   .  ,,.,   ,^.  ..    >     ,  ^„j^ 


I  G 
III  H 
IV 


-  3  • 


POLISH 


Dzlennlk  Zwlazkoviyt  Oct.  23,  1917 • 


of  St»  Mary  of  the  Angels  Parish,  the  Reverend  Sobieszczyk,  Lieutenant  W#  N* 
Slcarzjmski,  Polish  Arny  recruiting  officer  for  the  Chicago  area,  and  W»  Szrojda:, 
member  of  the  Citizens'  Committee.  ^ 


It  was  about  1:30  in  the  afternoon  when  the  volunteers  issued  from  the  parish 
hall,  each  man  presented  by  Father  Gordon  with  a  small  black  leather  case 
containing  a  sacred  picture,  a  prayer,  and  a  crucifix*  They  then  boarded 
street  cars,  ten  of  ^ich  had  been  chartered  by  the  Citizens*  Committee,  which 
took  them  downtov/n  for  the  parade  through  the  Loop  streets.  They  boarded  the 
street  cars  to  the  strains  of  Przybylski's  orchestra,  while  Polish  and  American 
flags  waved,  and  left  at  about  1:45  down  Ashland  Avenue  to  North,  North  Avenue 
to  Noble,  and  Noble  Street  to  Milwaukee,  where  the  street  cars  stopped  for  a 
few  minutes.  They  then  proceeded  down  Milwaukee  Avenue  to  Clinton  and  Rcoidolph, 
where  the  parade  was  to  begin. 


Parade  through  Loop  Streets 


I  G 
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IV 


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POLISH 


Dziennlk  Zwlazkoi^,  Oct.  23,  1917 • 


Under  commancl  of  Lieutenant  Skarzynski,  itio   was  ably  assisted  by  the  members 
of  the  Citizens'  Cornmlttee,  ranks  were  quickly  fonaed.  The  pairade  was  headed 
by  Polish  scouts  as  standard  beairers,  folloin^d  by  men  and  women  Falcons,  the 
Citizens'  CouMittee,  representatives  of  Polish  organizations,  and  finally,  the 
volunteers,  under  command  of  their  officers.  They  marched  to  the  strains  of 
two  bands — ^Przybylski •  s  and  a  Scotch  orchestra* 

The  parade  moved  down  Randolph  to  State  Street,  State  to  Madison,  Madison 
Street  to  La  Salle,  La  Salle  Street  to  Jackson,  Jackson  Boulevard  to  Michigan, 
Michigan  Avenue  to  Sixth,  Sixth  back  to  State,  and  State  Street  to  Polk  and 
the  railroad  station.  Our  volunteers  were  cheered  constantly  by  the  throngs 
that  lined  the  streets  during  the  vfcole  course  of  the  parade. 

They  arrived  at  the  railroad  station  at  about  four  o'clock  in  the  afternoout 
Here  farewell  scenes  between  the  families  and  friends  of  the  departing 
defenders  of  Poland  took  place. 


'—  ■  ''"^^HC^.'-.  ■•  ■.^,  „  JKrrr-: »-      jsa3»t:,aC  „«.»„ 


III  a 

IV 


-  5  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwlazko\^>  Oct.   23,   1917 


Finally,  at  about  4:40,  the  train  pulled  out  of  the  station  amid  tremendous 
cheers  for  the  Polish  Army  and  its  brave  soldiers.     (Sradually,  the  last 
coaches  disappeared  from  view,  followed  by  the  hearts  and  thou^ts  of  those 
who  were  left  behind. 

List  of  Volunteers 


JZlBt  of  volunteers  omitted  by  translator^ 


,— »»>L>,j«y  ^ 


I  G 
III  H 
IV 


POLISH 


Dzlennik  Zwlazkoiiy^  Oct,  22,  1917. 

GREAT  HECEUITIKG  RALLY  HEID  AT  SLOViACKI  HALL 
Collections  and  Contributions  For  Polish  Army  Net  $1356#90 

A  great  recruit ine  rally  was  held  yesterday  at  Slowacki  Hall  in  Toim  of  Lake, 
preceded  by  a  parade  and  a  banquet  for  the  volunteers. 

At  about  eleven  o'clock  in  the  morning,  the  volunteers  gathered  in  Davis 
Square  Pcork,  45th  and  Paulina  Streets,  where  they  were  drilled  by  Lieutenant 
Skarzynski*  When  the  volunteers,  numbering  about  thirty,  arrived  at  Slowacki 
Hall,  a  dinner,  arranged  by  the  Citizens'  Coiamittee  of  Town  of  Lake,  consisting 
of  Vincent  Wrzesinski,  Joseph  Kukulski,  Stanislaus  Jankowski,  Edward  Bradel, 
Reman  Kbwalev/skl,  and  Stanislaus  ELeehamer  awaited  them^  The  food  was  prepared 

and  served  by  Polish  women  of  Toyjn  of  Lake The  Polish  orchestra,  conducted 

by  B.  J.   Zalewski,  played  during  the  coxirse  of  the  dinner* 


cr 


At  the  conclusion  of  the  dinner,  and  after  a  short  rest,  Lieutenant  Skarzynski 


I  G 
III  H 
IV 


-  2  - 


Dzlennik  ZwlazkOTwy,  Oct.  22,  1917. 


POLISH 


ordered  the  volunteers ,  nurloerinc  over  three  hundred  JsioJ  to  form  ranks  for 
a  parade  which,  with  Zalewski's  orchestra  at  its  head,  moved  through  the 
streets  of  Town  of  Lake.     The  able  squads  of  volxinteers  made  a  veiy  good 
impression  on  the  people  who  lined  the  streets  to  view  the  parade.     Lieutenant 
Skarzynski  led  the  parade,  followed  by  the  standard-bearers  of  Nest  37,  Polish 
Falcons'  Alliance,  and  by  the  Town  of  Lake  Citizens'  Coinrilttee. 

iifter  about  an  hour  of  parading,  the  volunteers  x'etui*ned  to  Slowacki  Hall  for 
the  recD.iitinij  rally.     The  hall  was  already  filled  to  capacity.     In  fact,  there 
were  so  many  people  that  all  standing  room  was  taken,  and  many  had  to  stand 
in  the  corridor  or  outside  the  hall. 


The  irally  was  opened  by  S.  Jankowski,  member  of  the  Citizens'  Committee, 
or^nizor  of  Nest  37,  Polish  Falcons'  Alliance,  and  a  loyal  Polish  National 
Alliance  member  who,   in  a  short  address,   explained  the  purpose  of  the  meeting 
and  called  upon  Michael  Perlowski,  president  of  the  Central  Citizens'  Committee, 


w^^fmm 


I  Q 
III  H 
IV 


-  3  - 


POLISH 


Dglennik  Z.wiazlcovgy,  Oct*  22,  1917. 


to  act  as  chaimQn.  E.  Bradel  \vas  asked  to  serve  as  secretary. 

With  his  usual  ease  of  expression,  Perloivski  outlined  the  early  days  of  the 
World  ;7ar,  when  the  Germans  inarched  into  Poland,  plundered  and  destroyed 
everything  they  could,  carried  Polish  women  off  to  Prussia,  and  so  on*  He 
described  the  fate  of  our  homeland  during  the  years  of  oppression,  and  finally 
told  how  the  White  Eagle,  after  so  many  years,  has  arisen  for  flight* 

"Every  able-bodied  mn  shoiad  enlist  under  our  banner,"  said  Perlowski,"  for 
only  such  are  worthy  of  being  called  Poles." 

The  audience  listened  attentivelj'-  to  the  words  of  the  president  of  the 
Citizens ♦  Committee,  who  has  already  proved  that  he  knov/s  hov/  to  work 
energetically  and  to  sacrifice  himself  for  the  cause.  His  address  was 
rewarded  with  sustained  applause* 

The  next  speaker  was  Henry  Lokanskl,  associate  editor  of  Dziennik  Zwiaakowy* 


I  G 
III  E 
17 


-  4  - 


POUSE 


Dziennik  Zwlazkow*  Oct*  22,  1917. 


He  described  the  misfortune,  destruction,  and  ruin  in  Poland*  He  then  spoke 
of  how  the  Polish  Amy  was  organized,  of  the  views  of  the  Allied  governiaents 
on  the  Polish  question,  of  how  the  plan  to  create  a  Polish  Army  was  considered 
by  the  Allies,  and  finally,  of  the  edict  issued  by  the  French  government  on 
the  Polish  Army  question. 

The  principal  speaker  of  the  afternoon  was  Lieutenant  W.  N.  Skarzynski, 
recruit ins  officer  for  the  Polish  Army  for  the  Chicago  area.  Skarzynskl 
spoke  at  great  length,  and  his  speech  was  frequently  interrupted  by  bursts 
of  applause.  He  described  how  Polish  soldiers  served  in  foreign  armies, 
hov;  they  had  to  figlit  under  Prussian,  Austrian,  and  Russian  command,  into  which 
armies  they  had  been  conscripted  against  their  will*  He  spoke  of  how  Prussia, 
our  greatest  enen\y,  did  its  best  to  destroy  Poland,  hov;  secret  plots  were 
made  to  undermine  and  destroy  Polish  morale  and  Polish  patriotism  among  the 
people  of  Poland,  similarly  to  what  they  are  now  doing  in  Russia.  "But  all 
of  these  plots  failed, '^  said  Skarzynski.  "They  failed  and  the  Poles  will 


;> 


fmnuja — r 


I  G 
III  H 
IV 


-  5  - 


Dziennlk  Zwiazkowy,   Oct.   22,   1917* 


POLISH 


emerge  triumphant  from  beneath  their  present  misfortunes,  for  the  Poles  cannot 
be  destroyed,  the  Polish  nation  cannot  be  subjugated  or  broken." 

He  continued:   '^And  now,  when  the  hour  has  arrived  for  Poles  to  take  up 
arms  against  the  Germans,  no  able-bodied  true  Pole  should  stay  at  home. 
To  arms,  brethren,  to  arms I"  And  the  hall  rocked  with  cheers  and  cries  of 
TDeath  to  the  Germans I" 

Following  Skarzynski,  Francis  Perlowski,  well-known  Town  of  Lake  businessman 
spoke,  and  he  in  turn  was  followed  by  Sankowski.  Finally,  Lokanski  read 
a  letter  which  he  had  recently  received  from  one  of  the  volunteers  who  is 
now  in  the  training  camp  at  Niagara-on-the-Lake  in  Ontario,  Canada. 

Contributions  for  the  Polish  Army  were  made  by  the  following? 


"X5 


CO 


CT 


•m^.-M,   jr- 


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III  H 
IV 


-  6  - 


POLISH 


Dzlennik  Zwlazlco\iy,  Oct.  22,  1917. 


^ist  of  contributors  omit  tod  by  translator.  Contributions  totalled  '^l,  240. 50^7 

At  about  six  o'clock  in  the  afternoon,  Chairman  Perloxvski  called  upon  the 
gathering  to  sing  ^Jeszcze  Polska  Nie  Zginela^  ^^oland  is  not  yet  lost/  and 
»»Boze  Cos  Polske*'  J^i  Save  Polan^,  after  idiich  he  called  the  rally  to  a 
close. 

The  coBnnunity  of  Town  of  Lake,  and  especially  thoso  who  by  deeds,  rather  than 
by  words,  proved  their  devotion  to  the  Polish  cause  and  their  understanding 
that  Poland  needs  the  efforts  of  everyone,  deserve  the  highest  praise.  They 
have  set  the  exai!5)le  of  how  Poles  should  conduct  thaniselvos  now  that  the  eyes  of 
the  world  are  upon  themj 

Praise  is  also  due  those  who,  whether  it  was  with  five  cents  or  a  dollar,  or 
with  a  hundred  dollars,  added  to  the  fund  that  will  launch  our  brave  soldiers 


oc 


.(  »ii.  !iij>mi<i 


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Dzlennik  Zwlazkowy,  Oct,  22,  1917 


POLISH 


across  the  ocean  to  stand  face  to  face  with  the  hateful  German  and  to  avenge  the 
age-old  wrongs  perpetrated  against  us,  the  wrongs  perpetrated  against  our  mothers 
and  sisters. 

Ali  honor  to  those  wl»  arranged  yesterday's  magnificent  rally  and  to  those  who 
have  30  raised  their  sons  that  those  sons  novj  answer  the  call  of  their  homeland. 

It  should  be  added  here  that  a  collection  taken  up  in  the  hall  netted  $116*40* 


O 


er 


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Dziennik  Zwlazkowy.  Oct.  22,  1917. 
POLISH  mim^   ORGA-NTEZS  R3D  CROSS  FOR  POLISH  ARJvIY 


^:D^ 


V'c 


V 


Cr 


A  large  meeting,  attended  by  more  than  three  hundred  Polish  women,  was  held 
yesterday  in  the  St.  Joseph  Parish  Hall  for  the  purpose  of  organizing  to  carry 
aid  to  Polish  soldiers  and  thus  help  theT;  achieve  victory  on  the  field  of  battle. 

?Zrs.  Milasiewicz  was  chairman  of  the  gathering  and  Ivj^s.  Kowalewski  secretary. 
The  speakers  were  Reverends  L.  Grudzinski  and  Cholewinski,  and  ;rs.  M.  3akov;ski. 

After  considerable  discussion,  tlie  wonen  decided  to  create  the  "Polish  rtomen*s 
Red  Cross  Society"  for  the  Polish  Army.  The  Reverend  Grudzinski  promised  to 
send  five  women,  at  his  own  expense,  to  the  .^erican  Red  Cross  to  learn  hov;  to 
make  bandages. 

A  collection,  taken  up  in  the  hall,  netted  forty  dollars.  This  money  will  be 
used  to  purchase  wool,  of  which  the  women  will  immediately  begin  to  make  warm 
sweaters,  gloves,  and  socks  for  the  soldiers  of  the  Polish  army. 


w^tmrarr. 


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Dziennik  Zwiazkowy.  Oct.  22,  1917, 


POLISH 


^/ 


The  officers  elected  to  head  the  newly  organized  society  are  as  follows:  IJrs. 
Milasiewicz,  president;  Mrs,  £•  Kowalewski,  secretary;  and  Yxs.   V/lodarski, 
treasurer.  The  press  committee  consists  of  I^Iesdames  M.  ozymanski,  J.  Skwarczynski, 
and  M.  Lopacinski. 


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Dzlennlk  2wiazkowy>  Oct*  16,  1917» 


JOHN  PRZYPRAWA  ENTERS  POLISH  AKMY 


Our  colleague,  John  Przyprawa,  who  has  worked  for  Dzlennlk  Zwiazkowy  for  a 
niuaber  of  years  as  associate  editor  and  has  given  It  a  great  deal  of  his 
energy,  resigned  his  post  last  Saturday  because  of  his  enlistment  In  the 
Polish  Army.  He  has  been  called  to  active  service  and  at  present  Is  con- 
nected with  the  recruiting  office.  His  task  will  be  to  travel  to  various 
cities  and  agitate  for  recruits  to  the  Polish  Army,  after  which  he  will 
go  into  active  service  in  France.  Not  by  words,  but  by  deed,  then,  our 
colleague  has  shown  his  desire  to  serve  Poland. 


We  take  this  occasion  to  thank  him  for  service  to  Dzlennlk  Zwiazkowy,  and 
in  bidding  him  farewell,  we  express  the  hope  that  he  will  earn  himself  a 
commission  in  the  Polish  Army  and  will  accompany  its  victorious  regiments 
under  the  White  Eagle  to  a  free.  Independent,  and  united  Poland. 


"^■■^p 


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Dzlennik  Zwiaako;vy,  Oct.  16,  1917. 
FiaST  POLISH  VOLUNTbSRS  DEPART  FOR  TRAINING  CAMP 


-J 


o 


After  the  soleim  higli  mass  held  yesterday  in  Holy  Trinity  Church  for  the  Polish 
Array,  described  in  yesterday's  issixe  of  Dziennik  ZwiazkOvvy>  the  volunteers  v;ere 
conducted  back  to  the  Polish  Women's  Alliance  Hall,  where  the  Citizens'  Coromittee 
had  prepared  a  farewell  reception.  Our  young  men  sat  dovm  to  well-laden  tables 
and  partook  of  God's  abundance  while  representatives  of  Polish  organizations     ^}^ 
and  prominent  Polish  citizens  spoke  to  the  gathering.  Among  those  present,  we 
noted  T.  M.  Helinski,  president  of  the  Polish  Centi^l  Relief  Committee,  V/.  Szi^Djda'i: 
M.  Perlov/ski,  president  of  the  Citizens'  Committee,  Mrs.  M.  Sakowski  and  Mrs.  M.  ^ 
Milewski,  members  of  the  board  of  directors  of  the  Polish  National  Alliance, 
Miss  E.  Napieralski,  secretary-gQ^^^rcil  of  the  Polish  Women* s  Alliance,  Lieutenant 
Skarzynski,  Attorney  Rybicki,  H.  Setmajer,  secretary  of  the  Polish  Central  Relief 
Committee,  Mrs.  A.  Neuman,  president  of  the  Polish  Women's  Alliance,  Mrs#  Laudyii- 
Chrzanov/ski ,  editor  of  Glos  Polek  ATomen's  Voice/^,  Mrs.  Lipczynskl  of  Grand 
Rapids,  Michigan. ...the  Reverend  W.  Zapala,  John  F.  Smulski,  and  a  great  many 


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^  *,/  ^ 


POLISH 


Dzieimik  Zwlazkoxvy,  Oct,  16,  1917 


others*  Almost  everyone  of  the  above-nanad  individuals  addressed  the  departing 
volunteers,  and  each  speaker  was  rewarded  with  ovational  applause • 

At  this  point  it  should  be  mentioned  that  the  following  contributions  were 
made  to  make  the  trip  to  the  training  camp  a  pleasanter  one  for  the  recruits: 
The  Women* s  Department  of  the  Polish  National  Alliance  offered  twenty-five 
dollars  for  minor  expenses,  Teophil  Stan  donated  two  hundred  cigars,  and 
Kaczorowski  supplied  each  of  the  men  with  cigarettes. 

Polish  Clergy  in  Poligh  Army 

There  was  great  enthusiasm  among  the  volunteers  when  the  Reverend  Zapala 
announced  in  his  address  that  Polish  clergymen  are  also  preparing  to  leave 
for  the  battle  fronts  together  with  the  Polish  soldiers.  •'There  will  be  one 
Polish  Chaplain  for  every  eight  hundred  soldiers,"  he  said.   "Already  there  are 
twelve  Polish-American  priests  ready  to  enter  the  service.  We  are  only  waiting 


cz 


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Dzienni>:  Zwiazkovy^   Oct.  16,   1917 • 


for  the  final  approval  of  the  Papal  Delegate,  with  v;hoi.i  Bishop  Rhode  has 
been  conferrin:,  upon  this  subject/' 

It  was  about  tv;c  o'clock  v/hen  the   banciuet  was  brou^t  to  a  conclusion  and  the 
Gathering  began  to  forn  ranks  for  a  parade  tlirough  the  city  to  the  railroad 
station^     At  t;vc-thi.rty,  the  procoscion  started,  iiovin::  froii  the  Polish  ViTomen's 
xJLliance  Buildin^j  dov/n  Ashland  Avenue  to  IJashington  Boulevard,  then  to  La  Salle 
Street,  Monroe,  and  Dearborn,   to  the  Dearborn  Street  Station, 

At  the  head  of  the  parade  rode  four  mounted  polic enen,   followerl  by  Perlowski, 
president  of  the  Citizens*  Coi'Dnittee,   and  Rec2?uibinc;  Officer  Lieuteijant 
Skarzynski.     The  American  flaf^  v.-as  carried  by  Kornaszewski.     Then,   in  ranks  of 
four,   caitie  the  folio; ;iii{j:   Casiriir  ZycUinski,  president  of  the  Polish  !Tational 
/JLlianc^T**   J"*   Chrzanovjski ,  W.  Szrojda,   J.  I1a{r4ziarz,  ^^reasurer  of  the  Polish 
National  Alliance/* •  ••^n^^«  others.     These  were  follo;;^d  by  the  administration  of 
Circuit  II,  Polish  Falcons*  Alliance  and  fifty  women  ner.ibers.     Then  came 


;^:> 


TO 


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Dsiemiik  Zw ia zlcov/jr ,   Oct.  16,  1917 


POLISH 


Przybylski^o  or  chest  i*a  and  finally,  the  volunteers,  under  the  coroiiand  of 
Sergcantc  Schubert  and  Pieprzny.  The  roar  v.^s  brou{:slit  up  by  a  great  number 
of  friends  an(?  relatives  of  the  derartinc  volunteers. 

The   procession  was  civen  a  trenendous  ovation  in  the  Loop.  Thrones  of  people 
lined  the  streets,  watching  with  interest  the  Polish  volunteers  who  are 
leavinc  to  train  for  the  strup£;le  v:ith  Germany.  The  placards  carried  by  the 
volunteers  v/ere  inscribed  "Volunteers  to  the  Polish  Anny,"  and  these  were 
enthusiastically  cheered. 

V^Tien  the  parade  arrived  at  the  railroad  station,  the  gathered  throngs  g&ve  our 
brave  volunteers  an  unusual  ovation.  They  were  leaving  as  befitted  future 
heroes — light-heart eo  and  with  a  strong  deterrlnation  to  beat  the  Prussian 
and  fight  their  way  throur^h  to  Polish  soil. 


(  ■ 


These  first  brave  vol^onteors  from  ChicaeTO  deiarted  on  the  one  hundredth 


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POLISH 


Dzieimik  Zwlazkowy,  Oct.  16,  1917 


anniversary  of  the  death  of  Kosciusko.  May  the  spirit  of  this  great  Pole  lead 
them  on  to  victory.  May  it  give  them  strength  to  break  the  iron  ring  which 
the  Germans  have  locked  around  Poland. 


i 


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Dziennlk  Zwiazkowy,  Oct.  15,  1917. 

SOLSUN  HI'JH  MASS  CELEBRATED 
AT  HOLY  TRETITY  CHURCH  FOR 
SUCCESS  OF  POLISH 
ARliy 


Today  at  10:15  in  the  morning,  a  solemn  high  mass  was  celebrated  at  Holy 
Trinity  Church  for  the  Polish  Army  that  is  now  being  recruited  in  the  United 
States.  At  the  head  of  the  paraue  which  started  out  frori  the  Polish  V/omen*s 
Alliance  Hall,  to  the  strains  of  a  Falcon  band,  at  about  ten  o'clock,  marched 
the  Citizens*  Committee  in  the  persons  of  John  F.  Smulski,  M.  ?erlov;ski, 
W.  Szrojda,  A.  Crochowski,  and  T.  M.  Helinski,  and  recruiting  officers  W.  N. 
Skarzyynski  and  J.  Chrzanov.ski.  They  were  followed  by  Mrs.  M.  Milewski,  member 
of  the  board  of  directors  of  the  Polish  National  Alliance,  Mrs.  Anna  Neuman,  presi 
dent  of  the  Polish  Women's  Alliance,  Mrs.  v.  Violov/ski,  treasurer  of  the  same 
organization,  and  Mrs.  Jankiev;icz,  of  the  Wonen's  Department  of  the  Polish 
National  Alliance.  Behind  them  marched  six  uniformed  Falcons,  carrying  the 
American  flag,  and  more  than  tv;o  hundred  volunteers  to  the  Polish  Army  who  will 
depart  today  for  the  training  camp  at  Niagara-on-the-Lake  in  Ontario,  Canada. 


CO 


I  G  -  2  -  POLISH 

III  H 

III  C  Dzleimlk  Zwlazkowy,  Oct,  15,  1917 • 

17 

Behind  the  soldiers  inarched  a  great  many  private  individuals  and  friends 
cuid  relatives  of  the  volunteers,  among  whom  we  noticed  Joseph  Kukulskl, 
F.  Bradel,  secretary  of  Council  39,  Polish  National  Alliance,  and  Joseph 
Tyrakowski,  members  of  the  Citizens*  Committee  for  Town  of  Lake.  Also  present 
at  the  church  ceremony  were  Ignace  Paderewski  and  his  wife,  Madam  Helen 
Paderewski. 

Mass  was  celebrated  by  the  Reverend  Casimir  Sztuczko,  pastor  of  Holy  Trinity 
Church,  who  also  delivered  the  farewell  sermon  to  the  departing  soldiers*  In 
his  beautiful  sermon,  the  Reverend  Sztuczko  touched  upon  the  famous  deeds  of  our 
forefathers,  who  always  fought  with  clear  hearts  and  consciences ,  cuid  who  never 
blemished  their  honor  by  any  unworthy  deed«  The  Reverend  Sztuczko  called  upon  the 
volunteers  to  fight  for  Poland  in  the  same  spirit,  and  said  that  the  blessing 
of  Gk>d  will  be  upon  them.  At  the  conclusion  of  the  services.  Father  Sztuczko 
pronounced  his  blessing  upon  the  volunteers  to  the  Polish  Army,  A  photograph 
was  taken  in  front  of  the  church* 


^ 

TJ 


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Dziennik  Zwlazko\'yy>  Oct.  153,  1917. 

25,000  POIES  HONOR  POLISH  ARMY" 

Dexter  Pavilion  Filled  to  Capacity 

Collection  for  PoliBh  Army  Nets  Tlioueands  of  Dollars 


Chicago^s  Polonia  celebrated  two  occasions  yesterday~it  observed  the  one 
hundredth  anniversary  of  the  death  of  Thaddeus  Kosciusko,  the  hero  of  two 
hemispheres,  and  it  presented  the  battle  flags  to  the  Polish  National  Army 
yjhich,  side  by  side  with  the  armies  of  the  Allied  powers  will  fight  for 
freedom  and  liberty,  for  the  ri^ts  and  equality  of  all  nations. 

And,  as  could  be  foreseen,  the  Poles  of  Chicago  fully  understood  the 
significance  of  this  great  Polish  occasion  and  that  the  greatest  i)ossible 
number  of  people  should  attend  in  order  to  honor  properly  the  memory  of  the 
great  Kosciusko  and  to  witness  the  presentation  of  the  first  Polish  standards, 
under  \frtiich  the  brave  Polish-American  soldiers  will  f  igpit  the  Prussians. 

It  is  no  wonder,  then,  that  early  in  the  morning  there  was  unusual  activity 


O 

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Dziennik  Zwlazko^yy,  Oct*  15,  1917* 


in  Town  of  Lake.  At  one  o* clock  in  the  afternoon,  when  the  first 
societie^^  that  were  to  participate  in  the  parade  began  to  gather,  the 
streets  around  St.  Joseph's  Church  at  48th  Street  and  Hermitage 
Avenue  were  filled  with  members  of  Polish  societies,  organizations,  and  groups. 

Julius  Slowacki  Hall,  ¥diich  had  been  designated  as  the  starting  point  for  the 
parade  to  the  church,  was  soon  filled  to  overflowing.  The  volunteers  ^o 
enlisted  in  the  Polish  Amy  within  the  last  few  days,  as  well  as  the  recruiting 
officer.  Lieutenant  Skarzynski,  and  the  administrations  of  the  Polish  National 
Alliance,  the  Polish  Roman  Catholic  Union,  the  Polish  Women's  Alliance,  the 
Polish  Alma  Mater,  the  Polish  Falcons'  Alliance,  the  Alliance  of  Polish 
Military  Societies,  and  others  gathered  there. 

At  one  o'clock,  the  parade,  which  was  to  carry  the  standards  from  St.  Joseph's 
Church  to  the  Dexter  Pavilion  at  Halsted  and  43rd  Streets  where  the  principal 
exercises  were  to  be  held,  began  to  form.  At  two  o'clock,  the  parade  began 


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a 


Dzieimlk  Zwlazko^.  Oct.  15,  1917 


to  move  toward  the  church.  At  its  head  flew  the  splendid  Polish 
banner,  hand-made  by  Polish-American  women,  carried  by  the  aged 
Mrs.  Lipczynski,  wife  of  one  of  the  organizers  of  the  Polish 
National  Alliance  and  former  member  of  that  organization's  board  of  directors, 
accongpanied  by  John  J.  Chrzanowski.  There  was  a  second  banner  also^  donated 
to  the  Polish  Army  by  the  National  Department  of  the  Polish  Central  Relief 
Committee  of  America.  This  banner  was  carried  by  Vincent  Sroka,  member  of 
Falcons*  Nest  #37.  The  long  and  beautiful  streamers  that  were  attached  to  the 
flagstaff s  were  held  by  the  representatives  of  all  of  our  Polish  organizations. 

Following  the  banners  marched  the  newly  enlisted  volunteers  to  the  Polish 
army,  followed  by  representatives  of  Polish  societies  and  of  various  Polish 
groups.  It  should  be  added  here  that  alongside  the  banners  marched  the 
representatives  of  the  Polish  Army  in  France,  Lieutenants  Gasioroivski, 
Poniatovjski,  Szaniav/ski,  and  Zekiecki.  St.  Joseph's  Church  was  soon  filled 
to  capacity.  The  air  was  one  of  great  dignity  and  solemnity. 


1^ 


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III  B  3  a 
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-  4  - 


Dziermik  Zwiazkowy,  Oct.  15,  1917 


POLISH 


The  Reverend  Stanislaus  Choleulnski,  pastor  of  St.  Joseph* s  Chixrch, 
officiated  at  vespers,  after  which  he  consecrated  the  banners  which 
were  held  by  the  sponsors.  Daring  this  ceremony,  Reverend  L. 
Grudzinskl  was  deacon,  Reverend  F.  Karabasz,  pastor  of  Sacred  Heart  Church, 
subdeacon.  In  addition  to  these,  the  following  priests  participated  in  the 
ceremony:  Reverend  F.  Wojtalewlcz,  pastor  of  St.  Mary*s  Church  in  South  Chicago, 
Reverend  /f.7  Kulinski  of  Kensington,  Reverend  P.  Pyterek,  Reverend  A.  Klowo, 
Reverend  /z^J   Appelt,  pastor  of  Imnaculate  Heart  Church  in  Irving  Park, 
Reverend  J.  Gawrych,  Reverend  Stoinskl,  and  the  Reverends  F.  Kachnov;ski, 
S.  Grzesinski,  and  A.  Raczynski,  the  last  three  being  assistants  at  St.  Joseph^s 
ChuTCh. 


Sermon  Delivered  by  Reverend  Kowalewski 


•^nder  this  banner  you  shall  win"— these  are  the  words  with  which  Reverend 
E.  Kowalewski  opened  his  sermon.  "A  hundi^ed  and  twenty-tv.x)  years  have  passed 


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a 


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Dziennlk  Zv:iazkcr;;:r^  Cct,  15,  1917  • 


POLISH 


since  the  tliree  enemies  of  Poland  d i si  einb ere ^  our  homeland  and 
Poland  lost  its  independence.  The  famous  deeds  of  our  count 2V> 
"he  continue L%'»  rernain  as  a  permanent  reminder  of  the  injustice 
perpetrated  upon  it,  and  the  v/ords  of  President  VJilson,  the  first  head  of  a 
great  nation  to  raise  the  issue  of  a  free  and  independent  Poland,  are  the  best 
evidence  that  Poland  still  lives,  that  it  shall  continue  to  live  as  lon.^?;  as 
Polish  hearts  beat,  as  long;  as  there  are  just  and  great  people  in  this  vjorld. 


"The  banner  is  the  synbol  of  our  uniting  together  in  a  holy  cause.  Let  us 
have  faith  tliat  God  will  grant  his  blei-sino  upon  it  and  upon  the  Polish  Arrny 
that  v;ill  enter  into  mortal  combat  for  Poland  under  its  colors.  For  it  is 


CO 


throucli  union  that  an  unbcundejcl  streUii-th  exists  even  in  the  weakest  individuals.^' 


The  speaker  then  traced  Polish  history  from  the  battle  of  Raclawice  and 


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POLISH 


Dzlennlk  Zwiazkowy.  Oct.  15,  1917. 


Bairtosz  Glov/acki  to  modeim  times."  I  call  upon  you,  brethren,  to 
gather  beneath  these  Polish  colors  as  heroes  in  these  sad  but 
momentous  times. 


••We,  the  •fourth  partition^  of  Poland,  pledge  ourselves  to  give  you  all 
possible  aid  within  our  means  and,  as  today,  so  later,  we  shall  encourage 
the  Polish  clergy  to  pray  Ciod  that  you  may  carry  these  Polish  colors  to 
victory." 


A  collection  for  the  benefit  of  the  Polish  Army  was  then  taken  up  by  the 
Reverends  Kulinski,  Kachnowski,  and  Stoinskl. 

Parade  to  Dexter  Pavilion 

It  was  3:30  in  the  afternoon  idien  the  people  poured  out  of  the  church  and 
began  to  form  the  great  parade  which  was  to  take  the  Polish  banners  to 


I  G 
III  B 
III  B 
III  H 
III  C 
IV 


3 
2 


a 


.  7  • 


Dzlexmik  Zwlazkov^y,  Oct.  15,   1917. 


POLISH 


Dexter  Pavllicn.  The  parade  was  headed  by  a  platoon  of  mounted 
and  foot  police  follov/ed  by  the  band  and  by  the  members  of  the 
committee  in  chare©  of  the  day's  proceedings.  Then  came  the 
11th  Regiment  of  the  Illinois  National  Guard  and  the  living  American  flag 
/torrmi   by  Polish  women  and  girls^  followed  by  the  Tolunteers  to  the  Polish 
Army,  and   the  newly  consecrated  flags,  alongside  which  marched  the 
representatives  of  the  Polish  Army  in  France  and  the  delegate  from  the 
French  anay.  Commander  L.  C.  Eckenfelder,  sent  here  by  the  French  government 
to  participate  In  this  manifestation.  The  sponsors  of  the  flags  followed 
immediately  behind  and,  after  them,  the  Polish  Falcons.  The  Falcons  were 
followed  by  various  Polish  organizations  and  societies,  among  which  were: 
Council  2  polish  National  Alliance/  and  societies  of  St.  Adalbert's  Parish, 
Council  3,  P.  N.  A.  and  societies  of  Holy  Trinity  and  St.  Stanislaus  Kbstka 
Parishes,  Council  23,  P.  N.  A.  and  the  societies  of  South  Chicago,  Kensington, 
Pullman,  and  West  Pullman  parishes.  Councils  40  and  41,  P.  N*  A.,  and 
societies  of  St.  Helen's  and  St.  Hedwig's  Parishes,  Council  75,  P.  N.  A., 


^ 

O 


o 


I  G 

III  3  3  a 
III  B  2 
III  H 
III  C 
17 


-  8  - 


POLISH 


Dzieiini:-:  ^.wiaz.kovy,  Oct*   lo,   1917. 


and  sociefti33  of  Holy  Innocant^^,   St.    John  Cantius,  and  St.  Mar^'^  of 


-tUJ 


ncels  Parishes,   Council  79,  P.  II.  A.,   and  societios  of  St.   Casii:iir*s 
Parish,   Council  30  and  societies  of  St.   Barbara,   St.  Ivlary  of  Perpetual 
Help,  St.  Petei^  and  Paul,  and  Five  Holy  IJartyrs*  Parishes,  and  Council  39, 
P.  IT.  A.,  and  societies  of  Sacred  Heart  St.   John  of  God,  and  St.   Joseph's 
Parishes.     The  rear  of  the  parade  was  brought  up  by  thron(:;s  of  people,  after 
whom  follov/od  autonobilos  deeor^^ted  vjith  Polish,  iuaerica:!,  English,  and  French 
flajs. 

The  parade  proceeded  from  43ta  Street  to  Lincoln  Avenue,  then  turned  north  to 
47th  Street,   then  to  Ashland  Avenue,  to  48th  Street  to  Throop  Street,  to 
Slst  Street,   to  lialsted  Street,   back  to  47th  Street,  to  Union  Avenue,   dovm 
Union  Avenue  to  43rd  Street  and  ilovm  43rd  Street  to  Dexter  Pavilion.      It 
should  be  •tientiono-'l   here  that  the   grand  loarshal  of  the  parade  x-ms  J.   Kukulski, 
nembar  of  ITest  37,  Polish  Falcons'  Alliance,  assisted  ably  by  Zygraunt  Szmidt, 
president  of  Nest  105  and  Victor  Crciuch,  a  member  of  Nest  37. 


Exercises  at  Dexter  Pavilion 


I  G 


III 

B  3 

III 

3  2 

III 

li 

III 

C 

17 

-  9  - 


I>,iennik  ZMiBzkcf.'rr,  Oct.   15,  191'7. 


POLISH 


At  about   fiT'3  o'clock^   the  procession  Mrrivel  at  the  Dexter  Pavilion, 
where  thrones  of  people  v/ere  awaiting  the  beginning  of  the  exereises. 
The  representatives  of  the  ;lllied  pov/ers,  the  .'American  governiaent, 
I^nace  Paderev;s!:i  and  his  v;ife,   other  invited   '^lests,   representatives  of 
Polish  or^*ani  sat  ions  and  the  clergy  soon  arrived.     The  main  platforrri  was 
occupied  bv  ?aderev;s!:i  and  his  v;ife,   Oomiiander  Eckenf older,  Captain  Stanton, 
representing  the  general  staff  of  the  .Inerican  army,  Captain  Murray, 
representative  of  the  British  governinent ,   O'Connell,  representative  of  Ireland, 
John  F.   Snralski,  and  T.  I.!.  Holinski.     At  the  preso  tables  sat  representatives 
of  the  follov/in:-  neivspapers;   the  Chicago  Hear  Id  >  the  Chicago  Tribune  >  the 
Chica/50  ^\nerican,  and  the  Chicago  Journal.     TTie  Polish  newspapers  were 
represented  as  folloivs:     For  Dziennik  3wiazkovi/y,  editors  /^3j7  Orpissewski, 
l^J  Lewontal,   Skv;arczynski,   and  l^iss  Seyolc^r,   stenographer;   Dziennik 
Chicago  ski — '\.  Papara;   Dziennik  Narodovy^/H./  Lokanski  and  /L^  Kolakowski; 
and  Kuryer  Polski  of  Milwaukae—^^arol/  Piatkiewicz. 


,*. 


After  everyone  had  taken  his  place  and  every  seat  in  the  hall  xvas  occvipied 


I  G 
III  B 
III  B 
III  H 
III  C 
IV 


3 
2 


-  10  - 


Dzieimik  Zwlazkowy>  Oct.  15,  1917. 


POLISH 


and  even  all  the  standing  room  had  been  utilized,  M.  Perlov;ski, 
president  of  the  citizens*   coniiiiittee  opened  the  exercises  with 
the  follov.lng  address: 


"Distinguished  guests,  reverend  guests,   ladies  and  gentlenen,  countryirien:     It 
is  with  great  pleasure  and  with  deep  eiaotion  that  I  greet  you  here  today. 
Great  must  be  the  cause  tliat  unites  so  many  thousands  of  hearts  and  powerful 
must  be  the  spirit  that  creates  such  enthusiasm.     Before  our  guests,  before 
the  delegates  from  France  and  from  the  Polish  Army  in  France  our  entire  Polish 
group  has  gathered  here,  represented  by  men*s  and  women* s  organisations,  the 
clergy,  the  intelligentsia,  the  professional  men,  and  the  workers,  while  at 
the  head  of  this  great  gathering  stands  our  unequalled  leader,  Ignace 
Paderewskl  with  his  distinguished  wife,   guardian  of  Polish  orphans,  Madame 
Helen  Paderewaki.     From  the  many  thousands  of  hearts  united  today  in  tliis 
gathering  here,  there  emanates  an  ardent,  flaming  spirit  of  patriotism  to 


x^ 


I  Q 

III  B  3  a 
III  B  2 
III  H 
III  C 
IV 


-  U  - 


Dzlennik  Zwlazkovsy,  Oct*  15,  1917 • 


POLISH 


Poland,     V/e  are  gathered  here  today  for  an  act  of  the  greatest 
sacrifice—to  offer  solemnly  our  best  strength  for  the  defense  of 
our  homelandls  freedom.     We  do  this  on  the  one  hundredth  anniversary 
of  the  death  of  Thaddeus  Kosciusko,  fulfilling!  his  tow  that  the  Polish  nation 
shall  not  lay  down  its  arins  tintil  it  has  regained  its  freedom.     And  just  as 
our  forefathers  who  went   into  battle  devoutly  singing  ♦•Bogu  Rodzica**  J^ther 
of  God,  a  XIV  century  chan^,  so  shall  we  humble  ourselves  before  Christ  the 
Saviour  before  entering  the  struge:le. 

•'I  ask  Reverend  ^j^  Zapala  to  read  the  invocation  and  to  pronounce  the 
blessing  upon  this  gathering.     The  committee  places  the  chairmanship  into 
the  experienced  hands  of  John  F.  Smulski,  unequalled  in  his  civic  work  and 
alvjays  an  ardent  servant  of  the  Polish  cause.'* 


Follox'/ing  Perlowski's  address,  Smulski  took  over  the  chairmanship  and  called 
upon  T.  M.  Helinski  to  act  as  secretary.     The  invocation  by  Reverend  Zapala 


-  12  - 


POLISH 


Dzieimik  Zwiazkowy^  Oct*  15,  1917. 


followed: 


I  G 

III  B  3  a 
III  B  2 
III  H 
III  C 
17 

"Countrymen:  On  this  hundredt}i  anniversary  of  the  death  of 
Kosciusko  and  on  this  day  of  consecration  of  the  first  standards  for  the 
Polish  Amy,  praise  be  to  the  Almighty  Lord  and  honor  to  our  homeland. 

•'All  honor  to  you,  Poland,  for  yo\ir  past  is  a  volume  filled  with  brilliant 
and  worthy  deeds,  for  your  path  was  that  of  sacrifice  and  of  love  for  higher 
ideals,  your  struggles  were  struggles  in  defense  of  truth  and  justice. 
Praise  to  you,  0  Poland,  for  you  have  ever  been  GJod^s  thunderbolt,  the  very 
bulwark  of  Christianity  in  Europe  against  its  enemies,  because  you  brought 
Christianity  to  Lithuania  and  crushed  the  Teutonic  knights,  whose  bloody 
depredations  defamed  the  holy  sign  of  the  Cross  under  which  they  fought. 
Praise  to  you,  0  Poland,  for  you  were  the  heart  that  was  filled  v/ith  love, 
for  you  were  the  angel  that  led  the  Piasts  ^^irst  dynasty  of  kings  in  Polan^ 
that  they  might  lay  the  foundations  for  the  triumph  of  the  Jagellons,  for, 


5> 


1J 
O 


CO 


O- 


I  G 

III  B  3  a 
III  B  2 
III  H 
III  C 
IV 


-  13  - 


DzlennJL}:  Zwlazkowyt  Oct»  15,  1917 • 


POLISH 


like  a  mother,  you  took  Lithuania  and  Ruthenia  beneath  your 
protective  anas  and  gave  them  peace  and  pirosperity  and  a  share 
of  your  gloiy* 


^onor  to  you,  0  Poland,  for  your  unslialcen  faith,   for  Plowce,   Gferunwald 
^TSattlef ields  on  tdiich  the  Teutonic  knights  were  defeate^,  for  Lokietek  and 
the  Jagellons,  for  Sobieski,  for  Kosciusko,  for  your  many  geniuses,  for  your 
valiant  knights,  and  for  this  day,  that  you  have  called  us  together  in  such 
great  numbers •     Honor  to  you,  0  Poland,  for  the  graves  in  yjhich  lie  your 
fallen  defenders,  for  the  crucifixes  that  mark  yotir  crossroads,  for  the 
hymn  ''Bogu  Rodzica  that  even  now  reaches  us  in  triuiiiphal  echo. 

"Thanks  to  you,  0  Poland,  for  this  day  that  is  to  us,  prisoner  bound  by 
three  sets  of  chains,  a  day  of  glory  and  triuirrph.     Praise  to  you,  0  Poland, 
for  you  are  one  of  those  worthy  lands  that  are  not  stained  with  the  blood 
of  injustice,  but  rather  with  your  own  blood,  spilled  by  the  injustice  of 


T?*" 


-  14  - 


FOUSH 


3 
2 


Dziepnik  Zwlazkovjy,  Oct.  15,  1917, 


others* 


I  G 
1X1  B 
III  B 
III  H 
III  C 
IV 

"Before  Thee,  Almighty  God,  we  stand  as  i>oor  wanderers,  oppressed, 
imprisoned,  dlspropriated,  persecuted,  poisoned  by  doubt;  we  arise,  awakened 
from  a  lethargic  sleep  because  Thou,  0  Lord,  hast  spoken  to  us,  because 
Poland  calls.  Today  we  can  hear  no  other  voice,  we  have  no  other  watchwords; 
today  only  one  thought  prevails  in  our  minds— that  we  aire  children,  of  Poland* 

t 

•'Poland  is  the  watchword  that  has  gathered  these  thousands  together.  We  are 
all  here.  Here  are  oixr  many  standards  and  banners,  here  our  imisic  resounds, 
our  songs  ring  out.  We  have  gathered  here  to  show  that  we  are  children  of 
Poland* 

••Today  our  homeland  accepts  these  standards  we  have  consecrated,  it  accepts 
the  volunteers  who  have  enlisted  in  the  ranks  of  its  national  army.  Today, 
before  the  whole  United  States,  we  show  that  at  the  call  of  Poland  our 


I  G 
III  B 
III  B 
III  H 
III  C 
IV 


3 
2 


-  15  - 


Dzlepnik  Zwlazkowy,  Oct.  15,  1917* 


POLAND 


soldiers  laDve,  that  we  are  a  nation  alive;  we  show  this  before 
the  whole  civilised  world.  Our  knights  of  old  shall  rub  shoxilders 
with  our  soldiers  of  today  and  knight  them  with  the  words,  •Serve 
your  homeland  and  give  every  ounce  of  your  strength  for  its  welfare !• 


•'Gto  forward  into  battle  in  the  name  of  God,  0  Polish  soldiers,  and  bring 
glory  and  victory  to  our  beloved  Poland.  May  the  blessing  of  God  be  upon 
you,  and  of  Her  ^o  defended  Czestochovx)  and  Ostra  Brama,  the  Holy  Mother  of 
God.« 

Paderev/8ki*s  Hymn 

In  a  short  address,  Smulski  then  thanked  the  audience  for  gathering  in  such 
large  munbers,  and  introduced  each  of  the  distinguished  guests  upon  the 
platform.  The  secretary  then  read  congratulatory  telegrams  from  Jusserand, 


o 


CO 

CD 


I  G 

III  8  3  a 
III  B  2 
III  H 
III  0 
IV 


-  16  - 


POLISH 


Dzieimik  Zwiaakovn',   Oct.  15,  1917. 


Cecil  Sprinij  RiC9,  Bachirietiev.^  /jRussian  ambassador/,   Captain  Blenslci, 
censor  of  the  Polish  National  -Uliance,  and  V/envinski,  vioa-censor 
of  the  same  organization. 


The  next  number  ivas  the  rendition  of  the  Polish  hymn  composed  especially 
for  this  occasion  by  Ignace  Paderev/s^:i,  by  the  Philaret  choir  under  the 
directiojL  of  the  v/ell-'rcnov.-  operatic  star  from  Boston,  T.  V/ronski,   accompanied 
by  the  orchestra,   ccnclijcted  by  Przybylski.     It  v:ould  be  difficult  to  describe 
the  iiiii.iense  effent  this  splendid  compOijitic.n  had  upon  the  audience.     The 
thunderouL  epplaucc  seenod  without   end,  and  the  rendition  liad  to  be  repeated. 
And  so,  once  a,<5ain  the  tones  of  the  splerulid  melody  resounded,   filling  the 
audience  with  patriotic  fervor.     At   its  conclusion,  r^derev;ski  ;vas  thanl^ed  for, 
and  congratulated  upon,  his  composition  by  the  chairman,  who  then  called  upon 
the  great  artist  to  address  the  gathering,     ^^aderev/ski^s  address  appears  upon 
another  par^e  of  the  same  issiie  of  Dzienuiv  Zv;iazko\^/y_^ 


-  17  - 

Dziennik  Zwlazkovpr,  Oct«  15,  1917. 
Presentation  of  Flags 


I  G  -  17  -  POLISH 

III  B  3 

III  B  2 

III  H 

III  C 

17 

Upon  concladiuij  his  address,  Paderev/ski  presented  the  flag  donated 
by  the  National  Deparbir^nt  of  the  Polish  Central  Relief  Committee  to 
Lieutenant  Gasiorov/ski  of  the  Polish  Army,  who,  after  kissing  it  ireverently, 
turnel  it  over  to  Szania'jskl.     The  other  flag,   handmade  by  Polish  women  of 
Chicago,  Tivas  presented  by  Mrs,  Lipcsynski,  while  Miss  Emily  Napieralski, 
secretary-general  of  the  Polish  Women's  Alliance  of  America  addressed  the 
gathering  in  English  and  presented  the  Polish  Army  dele^^tion  irtth  a  check 
for  one  thousand  dollars  from  the  Polish  Women's  Alliance.     Lieutenant 
Gasiorov;ski  theci  spoke,  expressing  the  Polish  Army's  gratitude,  and  promised 
that  the  soldiers  themselves  will  best  offer  their  tlianks-- on  the  battle  front • 
He  then  called  upon  the  volunteers  to  rise  and  to  take  the  oath  of  the  Polish 
Army  as  follows: 


"I  solemnly  swear  to  my  homeland,  united  and  independent  Poland,  that  on 


I  G 
III  B 
III  B 
III  H 

in  c 

IV 


3 
2 


-  18  - 


Dzlennik  Zwlaakoi^y,  Oct.  15,  1917. 


POLISH 


land  or  sea,  or  anywhere  in  the  world,  I  will  serve  it  honestly 


and  faithfully  to  the  fullest  extent  of  my  strength  and  ability, 
and  that  I  will  in  no  vtay   detract  from  the  unblenished  honor  and 
traditions  of  the  Polish  Army;  I  will  faithfully  obey  i!iy  superior  officers, 
execute  all  coinnands,  and  abide  by  all  regulations.  In  the  present  war,  I 
will  f  isht  for  a  united  and  independent  Poland  to  the  last  drop  of  my  blood, 
and  will  regard  the  soldiers  of  the  other  Allied  nations  as  ray  brothers.  In 
general,  I  will  conduct  myself  in  such  a  way  that  I  may  lire  as  a  true  and 
brave  Polish  soldier,  So  help  me,  God!" 

After  the  volunteers  had  taken  the  oath,  during  which  tears  glistener?  in 
many  eyes  as  well  as  hope  for  a  brigiiter  future  for  Poland,  a  great  cheer 
for  the  Polish  Armj  v'as  given.  The  orchestra  then  played  the  hymns  '•Jeszcze 
Polska  Nie  Zginela**  ^^oland  is  not  yet  lost^  and  "The  Star-.'^^pangled  Banner," 
follov/ing  v/hich  Captain  Stanton,  personal  representative  of  Secretary  of  War 
Baker,  spoke.  His  address  was  rewarded  with  enthusiastic  applause  from  the 


I     Cr 


-    1Q    • 


F0LI3K 


Daieruiik  i:vjlazko;>vy,  Cct.   15,   1917 


III  B  3  a 

III  B  2 

III  H 

III  C   audience. 

IV 

After  the  ore!  ectra  had  played  the  •Tferseillaise/'  the 
representetivoii  of  EnG^Land,  France,  Scotland,  and  Ireland  spoke 


Collection  For  the  Polish  Army 

At  the  ccnclusion  of  these  addresses,  the  c]:tairrnan  called  upon  those  present 
to  pledge  themselves  for  cent ri'.v.t ions  fcr  the  Polish  iLTHiy,  wMle  a  collection 
xxks  tal<:en  up  in  the  hall.     Casiniir  Zychlinslci  pledi::ed  ^5,00'    in  behalf  of 
the  I.  IT.  x\.  and  Reverend  Ziapala  pled:;;ed  :;::5,00C  in  behalf  of  the  association 
of  Polish  Priests.     In  all,   $13,560,   not  counting  a  large  nuraber  of  small 
pledges  which  v;ere  later  recorded,  was  pledged.     Details  of  these  v;ill  be 
published  in  a  later  issue. 


It  v;as  8:30  in  the  eveni]ir'  v;hen  the  chairran  called  the  meeting  to  a  close 


-  20  - 


POLISH 


Dzlennlk  Zwiazkovny,  Oct.  15,  1917. 


I  G 

III  B  3  a 

III  B  2 

III  H  _ 

III  C  with  the  singing  of  "Boze  Cos  Polske"  /_Gtod  Save  Poland/. 

17     . 

It  should  be  added  here  that  a  very  fine  painting  of  Kosciusko  vt&a 

donated  to  the  Polish  Army  by  Bernard  Markiewicz,  well-knovm  Polish  artist. 

Today  (Monday,  Oct*  15)  the  Polish  Amy  delegation  will  proceed  to  Milwaukee, 
where  a  great  patriotic  demonstration  is  to  be  held  at  Kosciusko  Hallo 


I  G 
III  H 
IV 


P0U3H 


Dzlennlk  Zwiazkowy,  Oct.  10,  1917» 

FIRST  VOLUNTBSRS  TO  POLISH  ARMY" 
LEAVE  FOR  TRAINING  CAI.!P 

The  first  contingent  of  volunteers  to  the  Polish  Anny  left  yesterday  evening 
for  the  training  camp  in  Canada  from  the  Polish  Army  recruiting  headquarters, 
located  in  the  Polish  Women^s  Alliance  Building,  1309  North  Ashland  Avenue# 
Ihe  Polish  youths  were  merry  and  enthusiastic  at  the  prospect  of  having  a 
chance  to  avenge  the  bestialities  committed  upon  Polish  soil  by  the  Prussians* 
They  cmswered  the  call  of  their  homeland  and  vowed  to  give  it  their  active  aid« 

Before  the  departure  of  the  soldiers  from  Chicago,  Lieutenant  Skarzynski,  chief 
recruiting  officer  for  Chicago,  addressed  them,  as  did  Michael  Perlowski,  presi 
dent  of  the  citizens*  committee.  Both  addresses  were  sincere  and  direct* 
Lieutenant  Skarzynski  asked  the  men  to  conduct  themselves  properly  during  the 
trip,  for  they  would  be  carrying  with  them  the  good  name  of  the  Polish  army. 
The  volunteers  were  sent  to  the  training  camp  under  the  command  of 
Sergeant  Jagiello.  As  they  left  the  recruiting  station.  Miss  Emily  Napieralski 


I  G 
III  H 
IV 


-  2  - 


Dzlennik  Zwiazkowy,  Oct.  10,  1917. 


POLISH 


gave  each  man  an  American  flag  in  behalf  of  the  Polish  Women's  Alliance  of 
America.  One  of  the  recruits  carried  both  a  Polish  and  an  American  flag. 

A  considerable  number  of  people  gathered  at  the  recruiting  station  to  bid 
farewell  to  the  departing  volunteers,  our  future  heroes.  A  great  dignity- 
prevailed  throughout,  for  everyone  understood  the  significance  of  this  moment. 

And  following  that  first  contingent  that  left  yesterday  evening  in  order  to 
train  themselves  for  the  struggle  against  the  Prussian  hordes,  there  will 
be  hundreds  and  thousands  of  others,  and  all  will  be  led  by  the  same  thought, 
the  same  cry:  •'Give  us,  0  Lord,  our  homeland,  our  freedom!'' 

May  these  volunteers  prove  to  the  world  that  Poles  know  how  to  fight  for  free- 
dom, that  they  understand  the  task  before  them  and  are  ready  to  take  their 
places  on  the  field  of  battle. 


I  G 
III  H 
III  D 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwlazkowy,   Oct,   10,   1917. 


OIJS  MORS  ARaU!JENT 


(Editorial) 

It  is  with  real  pain  that  we  must  conmunicate  to  the  Polish  public  a  fact  which, 
bitter  as  it  may  be  to  the  Poles  in  jtaierica,  is  one  more  reason  why  we  should 
exert  all  our  efforts  to  form  a  Polish  national  army. 

Everyone  knows  with  what  enthusiasm  American  Poles  gathered  beneath  the  Stars 
and  Stripes  and  that,  in  order  to  encourage  our  countrymen  to  enlist  in  the  army, 
we  did  our  utmost  to  convince  the  authorities  to  create  strictly  Polish  units 
within  the  itaierican  army.  After  considerable  effort  and  many  difficulties,  we 
were  successful,  and  the  American  army  permitted  the  formation  of  purely  Polish 
companies  within  its  ranks,  as,  for  example,  the  widely-knovm  ''Kosciusko  Guard" 
and  the  company  commanded  by  Captain  Elenski,  censor  of  the  Polish  National 
Alliance,  in  Milwaukee. 


S 


c 


I  G 
III  H 
III  D 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


Dziennil:  Zwiazkov/^^,   Oct.  10,   1917. 


As  a  result  of  the  fact  tliat  the  army  was  placed  upon  a  war  basis,  an  internal 
reorganisation  xvas  necessary  to  meet  the  nev/  requirements.     The  Polish  companies 
v/ore  completely  disbanded  and  their  men  used  to  fill  out  other  companies — although 
the  "Kosciusko  Guard"  remained,   it  was  expanded  by  the  addition  of  non-Poles  to 
its  ranks.     Of  the  two  hundred  and  fifty  soldiers  nov/  in  the  "Kosciusko  Guard," 
only  a  hundred  and  fifty  are  Poles,  while  th3  remaining  h^Jindred  are  men  of  other 
national  background.     In  other  words,   it   has  ceasod  to  be  a  Polish  compan3^. 


Although  we  really  cannot  criticize  the  chanj^os,   evidently  essential,  which  have 
been  made  and  which  are  probably  useful  frora  the  point   of  view  of  the  authorities, 
we  can  also  see  in  them  another  clarin;^  proof  that  v/hoever  wants  to  figlit  in 
this  war  as  a  Polish  soldier  ought  to  hasten  to  enlist   in  the  Polish  arnff^ 
under  the  Vifhite  3agle.     Scattered  tlirou^ioul  the  regiments  in  the  American  array, 
Poles  will  be  fi{$hting  only  as  American  soldiers,  and,  of  course,  this  is  as 
it  should  be.     The  United  States  is  forced  to  create  a  homogeneous  national 
army  in  which  it  cannot   give  special  consideration  to  any  particular  element. 


X 


I  G 
III  H 
III  D 


-  3  - 


POLISH 


Dzieiinik  ILwiazkov/y,   Oct.  10,   1917 • 


In  the  American  array,  the  Pole  will   oe  fii3htinj:  only  for  the  United  3tate>s. 
At  the  coming  peace  conference,   no  one  v/ill  ask  hov/  many  Poles  fouglit  under 
the  Stars  and  Stripes.     Uncle  Sam,  and  not  Poland,  T\rlll  get  the  credit  for  even 
the  most  heroic  deeds  of  individijal  Poles  in  the  ^Imerican  arniy^ 

We  have  given  many  proofs,  as  many  as  we  could,  of  our  gratitude  to  this  country' 
and  our  love  for  this  adopted  honeland  of  ours  which  accepted  us   so  hospitably. 
Poles  led  during  the  time  in  which  Uncle  Sam  was  recruiting  voliinteers  and 
later,  when  the  draft  came  into  effect,  the  American  army  took  from  localitie.s 
such  as  South  Bend,   for  example,  ninety  per  cent  of  its  quota  from  among  Poles. 
And  in  the  future,  ive  shall  continue  to  do  our  duty  to  the  United  States  ?;ith 
the  same  willingness  and  sacrifice,  without  hesitation. 

But   since  the  American  Secretary  of  V/ar  himself  annoimced,   in  behalf  of  the 
American  governuiant,  that  that  govermiient  would  be  faithful  to  its  declaration 
for  a  free  and  united  Poland  and  is  entirely  in  accord  with  the  plan  to  recruit 


"T7 

c:- 


« 


I   G 
III  H 
III  D 


-  4  - 


POLISH 


D:;ioaniV  L:v.'ia::>o-,w,   Get.   10,   1917 

— ^^i^»  ■■■II       I    ^  ^-   ■     ■     ■     ■      ■      I    ■Jbm '  ' 


Poles  to  fom  a  Polish  national  arniy  and  desires  the  fullest  success  of  our 
recruit  Ln^  campai<'^,   it  irrast  be  cl-^^r,   bevond  any  shadow  of  doubt,   that  every 
good  Pole  v;ho  is  not  yet  obli-^ed  to  serve  in  tho  .vraerican  arniy,  has  only  one 
duty  before  hiji — to  enl"?3t  withoit    delay  in  our  ov;n  Polish  army,  v/hich  the 
United  States,  to  aether  v/ith  all  of  the  xilliod  Pov;ers,   has  reco^^nized. 

Only  as  Polish  soldiers  in  a  Polish  anny,   fi-^htinc  bojids  the  arraies  of  great 
and  friendly  nations,    3an  v;e  serve  our  country  at  first  hand,   liftinrr  a^jay 
the  rocks  that  entomb  it   v/ith  our  ov;n  h^rids  while,  at  the  same  time,  v:e  are  in 
no  v/ay  diinialshi  nj;  the  mili-ar^''  power  of  the  United  States,   vjhich  has  plenty 
of  i^on  and  realljr  desires  to  see  us   .vithin  the  rrin^^^  of  our  ov.m  national  amy. 
Poland,   too,   calls  us,    as  do   the  authorized  representatives  of  the  entire 
Polish  element   in  exile • 


re 


There  can  be  no  more  ber?tation  and  uncertainty;   vre  must  sho;7  cuick  and 
spirited  action.     To  arras  I 


^ 


I   0 

III  B  ;^  a 
III  }! 


rCLI3II 


')::ienni';  Zv.'i-;r'J:ov.'^.'     Get.   R,   191?. 


Z1TI\ 


^^ 


^    --CLI.  :'    r'^GPLZ^ 


cr 


Countr'Tiicni 


A  French  dolo-aticn,    consirtin,^  of  re-^')rc,^sent^  tives   oj'  the  rrench  ;':o\''crn::ient 
and  arn:.%    and   officers  and   delerates  fro'ii  the  ?olii:h  ar:\y  created  by  the 
French  Prominent  pDincare^o   docrec,   v;ill   'arrive   in  Ol^ic-.^'O   on  Gundav    ift'jr- 
noon,    Cctober  1^.      /^  yreat  r.ass  r.ieetinr  to  rrceive   then  v;ill   be  held  at  the 
Stoch  Yar^is  Pavilion,   -rt5rd   and  I-'il3tcd   ^^trcet::.      The   delegation  "ill  be  pre- 
sented alth  tlie   fla/'3  i:iade  by  the  I'olijji  v/oi.ien  of  our  larye   crr'anizations. 

The   entire  loliah  clergy  has  been  a-hec   to   ^itten^l  -ind   to   consecr'-.to   those   ban- 


'-"^  -. 


J\?Z"     \.'J  rZ     UL 


■'-i-r*   "^  >T  '1    ■^ "'  I  p    '^  pa  1  -^ '  >  -'■1 


■'*s   LI    i.orciusao 


1   T  ■«ro  «-• 


rv  r-'-^i  • 


IVOC,     li     i:uv:;u. 


ners  and  those  vho,    l\::e   tae   con: 

and  of  tixC   subsenient   insurrection';,      ill   yo   to   sacrifice 

be,    in  t"''e  bloody  b'^ttle  to  v;rest  t';a    .hitc  Jayle   fror.  tiie   f:rasn  of   the   double' 

headed  Black,    to   enter  laortal  coi.ibat   for  the   sacred  ri.:ht   of  national  freedoi:. 

and   incienendencc • 


Co 


cjn 


a 


i      1       ! 


T-CLISE 


*.) 


Ill  K 


D*  •     1  '  •  ^  ^ 


CCo  • 


Clin  lend  our  ".id,   iiri.".   m;'   s-"icrii'icc   './e  r.u^--::  h.nve   : 
resurrecti:!:'^  Poland. 


1017. 


Brethren!     V/e  :-iust  f:^ithrully   r.t:.iv^   b"  t:ie    •'r:itch-.;ords  of  Loscixi^Lio,   ^^ho  sr\id 
thc\t   'Toland  nunt   be   ruborn  throur^h  the    :lood   and  lieroisi,.  cf  Polos'^      :;e  must 
t'vze  ua  arns,    ns  h-^ve   all   ctlier   i'rco  lo  . -lovin:*  Jiations,    folio,  in:*  the   exi-.mle 
set  bv  the  Initcd  States. 


X 


ae  cannut  doaen  •  r^-)on  the  -^^roi.iisvjs  oi'  the  poa'-jps  naa  occu-^^-'yia;  Poland,  and  've 
cannot  e:ooot  en  entirely  free  ::n-  inde-oendeat  Poland  fror::  the  Germans,  v:ho 
have  Y0-.  ed  ere  this  to  annihilate  the  Polish  nation  and  vdio  have  not  chanr-ed 
toda:^  for  all  their  ern^ty  yroiaises. 

Our  future,  f.a-  rebirth  ana  rebuilding-  of  Polandi,  reniiros  that  v;e  ourselves 
tahe  u-a  arns  bo  cattle  our  o^m  ^-roblc:ns,  that  v^e  shall  not  find  it  necessary 


r* 


vT 


III        ^ 
III        II 


D^ic^nni': 


1  '■ 


-  rv 


Cc 


»-» • 


1CLI:3H 


to   oe 

but   t>rit 


4- ;. 


•tT  r^ 


">'■,  '1 '.'»' 


i"-t    ■;tni::  ir^   I'or  cur  ri^.ts   ':3   o.^e   of   T:he   allieu   n.tions. 


Let   t?:e    ri_-e   cl*  y ':itriutis'.:  •i'..'\;:o:i   in   ;;cu^-  he'\rt!^,    country:  :en,    :in  •   let   thOGO   :.]\o 
'ire   often   indolent  and  rr^li -hearted  boco:^:e   i-incere   z.nd  v/hcle-hoarted  Folss, 
.^enerous  and  rendv  for  anv   sacrifice ♦ 

rol-..id  v;ill   nrice    if  ovci-'cnc   of  i.z  dcco  ]Aii  '^:;rt.      Countr\T:en,   cisk  of  vour  ov.n 
consciences  ho::  inuch   vou  hnve  thus  £iir  rucrif  iced ,    'ind  uhiit  '^ou  '^^.we   done  for 
Poland.      Let  us   -ill  consivler  this   tcyeLher  at   the  nanifertation  on  Sunday. 


Trie   delegation   is   coriinr  here  as   our   rniost  and  ':e  i.iust   shov;  our  aye-old    solidar- 
ity ■.vith  the    ontliusia^r.  of  the  ^-^atric^t.ic  ani  hts   of  ola.      Gountryr:;enl  Tliere 
aill   he   soon  enourdi  for  -JJ    of  you  at   th'^    '*ro*:t   Jtoch  Yards  ravilion,    and  you 
nust  attenl  to  tlic   very  last  i.an.      Oo:-:o   o.rly.      Oo^io  a'ith  :'r;ur  sociotios  and 
orrani:::ations,   7;ith  your  h'-'h-os  an     hanners.     hniforned  societies  should  aa-near 
in  uniforTi, 


1 


T 


OLISII 


X 


II 
III 


.V       ^■i       >. 


^' 


;::ic;nr.i. 


Cct. 


r  ■> 


1^.17. 


/Old   let   t:.^  lolish  ■'Oiien  ::n;near   in  '"i   never  enJinr  coluj/ai,    for  it   iiz  froi.  then 
thnt  the  Polis}:  ..r:ny  vdll   receive   its    i'l.,-  and   it   i:::   t]\ey  v;ho  v/ill   rive    it 
spirit   -.nl    ?'^thu3i-:3:-.      Let   ever:'orie   -.vho   nttonds  h.-iint-dn  m   air;*nit:; 
f  e  occasion,   "..crtiiy  of  the   freodon  v.c   so   desire. 


orthv  of 


Brethren,    .;o    ^h::ll   n'-nit   you  •  t   the    stoc.  Yards  Pavilion  on  Sunday,    October  14. 
'..'e   sh-:ll  yreet   t]  e   dele^-ates  fro..!  I'mnce  v;ith  a  solerm  yatheriny  of  exile. 
Let   ovr  yroce'icc'   tell   tho:.i  -A\\\t   ''lolanj    is   not   yet   lost,''  th'-t    it   is    boiny 

reborn,    resurrocted. 


The   one  hundredth  r;nniver'nn^y  of   the    de^^tli   of   dhaddeus  ..csciusnc  v;ill   also   be 
observed   in  connection  '..ith  Sund  .y's  :aanii*estatj  on. 

d^e  parade   of  cryaninaticns  aill   he  conducted  fro::,  dhcrrian  P:irh  in  donn  of 
Lane   to   the   3tcch  Yards  ?:y/ilicn. 


/c'hica.^'oT'  Citizens*    dorniittee   for  the  Polish  .drny 

in  dr^ince ,   Sentcrriber  :']5,    1917. 


I  G 
III  K 

IV 


POLISH 


Dziemiik  ^wiazkoj^y,  Oct.  6,  1917, 

hecruitii:g  fch  polish  .;ja.r/  32gui-:  ieis 

Recruiting  Office  Opened  in  Polish  v;oraen's 

iUliance  Building 


iiS  v;e  -T.entioned  in  yesterday's   issue  of  Dziennik  Zwiazkow:/,   the  Chicago 
recruitiiif^  headquarters  of  the  Polish  /iriiy  have  been  opened  in  the 
Polish  '.Somen's  ^illiance  Buildin.^  at  1309  I'orth  /ishlaiid  Avenue. 


mr 


he  lono;-avjaited  action,  then,  has  finally  begun,  and  nov;  it  is  up  to 
us  and  to  the  Polish  youth  to  see  tl.c^t  the  Polish  .-JDXf   numbers  thousands 
upon  thousands  of  laen,  so  that  've  can  shoi/  the  world  that  a  Pole  knows 
who  hii 
coijje. 


s  enemies  are,  and  that  he  knows  when  the  tii-ie  for  action  has 


To  action — we  do  not  need  words  I 


no 


Co 
CD 

— I 
cr 


The  Polish  nnay  is  now  arising,  in  .j-rierica  to   join  later  with  the  Polish 


I  G 
III  H 
IV 


-  2  - 


Dzieimik  Zwiazkowy,  Oct.  6,  1917 


POLISH 


Army  in  France,  v;here  it  vjill  narch  to  battle — -to  fi^l^t  for  a  free,  in- 
dependent, and  united  Poland,  ^listnents  in  this  an:iy  are  accepted 
at  the  Polish  V/or.en*s  alliance  Building  between  0  and  12  o*  clock  in  the 
jTiorninp;,  2   and  5  o* clock  in  the  afternoon,  and  7  and  9  o* clock  in  the 
evening.  Lieutenant  Skarzynski,  who  v/as  sent  to  Chica^-^o  by  the  Military 
Comnission  expressly  for  this  purpose,  is  in  char:-^e  of  recruiting;:. 

The  recruiting  office  was  furnished  by  the  Union  Liberty  Furniture  Com- 
pany (owned  by   the  Perlowski  brothers)  for  which  the  company  deserves 
sincere  acknowledgement. 

-rt.t  the  present  time,  Lichael  Perlowski,  president  of  the  Citizen's 
Committee,  is  engaged  in  touring  all  the  Polish  communities  in  Chicago 
with  Lieutenant  Skarzynski,  for  the  purpose  of  making  preparations  for 
agitation  among  Chicago's  Polish  youth  for  enli»stment  in  the  Polish 
iirmy. 


3> 


O 


I  G 
III  H 
IV 


-  ^  - 


P0LI3E 


Dziennik  Zwiazkovr.^,  Oct.  6,  1917. 


Since  those  v/ho  enlist  now  caimot  as  yet  be  sent  to  the  training  cajnp  in 

Canada  (Ontario),  quarters  have  been  found  where  they  can  stay   a  fev;  days 

before  leaving*  Through  the  efforts  of  the  Citizen's  Comriittee,  a  whole 

building  on  Noble  street,  one  of  the  iloly  Trinity  parish  buildings,  has 
been  allotted  for  this  purpose. 

As   we  can  see  then,  worl:  is  going  actively  forward,  and  it  is  to  be  ex- 
pected that,  within  a  short  tir.e,  thousands  of  our  young  iiien  will  fill 
the  ranlvs  of  the  Polish  jiXnyy   ready  to  figlit  the  aer.T.ans. 


^ 

>»._ 


I  G 
III  B 
III  H 
I  C 
17 


POLISH 


Dziennlk  Zwiazkowy,  Sept,  10,  1917 


RECEPTION  FOR  FRANCO-POLiai  DELEGATION  EjHU)   AT  POLISH  PRESS  CLUB 


On  Sept^ember  9,  at  the  conclusion  of  the  exercises  held  in  Humboldt  Park,  irtiere 
the  Firanco-Polish  delegation  addressed  a  tremendous  crowd  of  Poles  at  the 
Kosciusko  monument,  a  reception  for  the  delegation  was  held  at  the  Polish  Press 
Club,  at  which  the  delegates,  representatives  of  Polish  organizations,  and 
prominent  citizens  of  American  Polonia  were  present.  The  following  attended: 

The  Reverend  W.  Zapala,  W.  Gasiorowski,  and  F*  Bouillon  of  the  delegation, 
J.  F.  Smulski,  Mrs«  A*  Neuman,  Miss  E«  Napieralski,  Casimir  Zychlinski, 
Judge  E.  Jarecki,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Henry  Setmajer,  Prince  Stanislaus  Poniatowski 
of  Poland,  M.  Verte  Feuille,  editor  of  the  Franco -American ,  P.  Rostenkowski , 
S.  Lewental,  Miss  Helen  Baranowski,  Alderman  Stanley  Adamkiewicz,  Sergeant 
Mazurek,  J.  Wedda,  N.  L.  Piotrowski,  Parade  Marshal  Kaszubowski,  M.  Perlowski, 
Zaklikiewicz ,  President  of  Circuit  II  of  the  Polish  National  Alliance, 
S.  Orpiszewski,  Mrs.  M.  Milewski,  Stefan  Rejer  of  Poland,  Mr.  and  Mrs. 


CO 

en 


I.. 


I  a 


--  2  -- 


POLISH 


ill    B  a 

III  rl 
I    C 

IV  I#   Osostov/ics,    Serceaiit  Jzaniav/ski,  Vice-Censor  of  the  Polish  Kational 
/J-liance  .V.   7;erivinski,   J".   Rybicki,    the  ueverenrl  Duzynski,    Chaplain  of  the 

Polish  Falcons*    ^dli'^.'^.ce,   Lrs.   I'.aturzynski,   I.:r»^and  ".vlrs.   Z.   Kolskowski, 

Dr»    3tatkiev/ic?;,   Vi.  Papara  /Pziennik  Chicacoski/,    h'.   Schrojaa,   Z.  Z .   Chrzanowski, 

T.  Lasecki,    3.   Litko,    ?!•   Lokanski,   an^i  Dr.    Balcerzak* 

J.   F.    Sniilski  was  toastmaster.      The   first   address  v/as  made   by  Stefan  Rejer, 
representative  of  the  coal  r'ines  in  Poland,   v/no  spent  more  than  twenty-five 
years  anionp;  th-    coal  miners  of  '..'estphalia  and  v/iio  has  recently  v/orked  with 
the  m.iners  in  Nor^  hern  France.      Tie  has  alreaay  lost  two  sons   in  tae  present 
war  and  was  aimsolf  wounaed. 


^ddress   by  Rejer  omitted   by  transJatorT"* 

Follcvjing  Rejer' s  address,  i.rs.  I.l.  rlilev/ski,  member  of  tne  board   of  directors 
of  the  lOlish  National    alliance,    assured  aim.  in  benalf  of  trie  Women* s  Division 


r  •  - 


d 


-  ^  - 


POLIJH 


Dzierinilc  :Lva'i7^Qvv>-,    36pt«   10,   1^17 • 


I  G 

III  B  2 

ill  n 

IV  that   clotninc   for  the  Polish  coal  miners  woula   continue  to  be   sent   in 
quantities  proporti ornate  to  the  extent   of  cur  rieans. 

Other  speeches  v/ere  made  by  the  P.everend  Duzynslci,  who  spoke  in  Frenci:,   to 
wriich  the  delecate  from  tne  French  government  replied,   speaking  of  tiie  mutual 
aims  of  tiie  Allied  pov;ers   arri   of  Polana»s  future;   John  ;;eada,  who  rpoke  as 
representative  of  the  Poles  born  on  this   soil,    and  I.   Osostowicz,   editor  of 
Dziennik   Zwi^zkowv.   who  also  spoke   in  Frencn  m   behalf  o£  the  Polisn  news- 

papermen* 


During  the  course  of  tne  banquet,  telegrams  were  received  from  Bisnop 
Paul  Rhode,  Ignace  Paderewski,  and  from  Circuit  I  of  the  Polisn  Falco 
iUliance,  Ilev/  York, 


ons 


lU 


CO 


/Text   of  telecrams  omitted  by  translatorjj/ 


^ 


I  G 


-   4  - 


POLISH 


Bzienr^ik  ."Lwiazkowy,    3ept.   10,    1^17 • 


III  B  2 

III  H 

I  C 

IV  The  banquet  lasted  until  ten  o'clock  in  the  eveninc,  and  after  it  was 

concluded  the  company  spent  several  nours  more  in  pleasant  conversation* 


This  evening,  the  jranco-Polish  deief^ation  will  leave  for  Cambridge  Springs, 
Pennsylvania,  wncre  it  will  attend  trie  exercises  opening  the  scnool  terra  at 
the  Polish  National  .alliance  ^i^cademy. 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkov;y,  Sept.  10,  1917. 

THCU3A1JB3  r£ARCH  IN  PaRtJDE  TO  KOSCIUSKO  MONU]Vlf:NT 

Polf^s  Called  to  Arms 


The  Poles  of  Chicago  celebrated  a  great  occasion  yesterday,  a  great  triumph. 
Not  only  did  v/e  have  the  honor  of  receiving  the  li^anco-Polish  military  mis- 
sion, but  vje  v/ere  witnesses  of  the  homage  paid  to  our  national  hero,  Thaddeus 
Kosciusko,  by  the  great  Republic  of  France. 

As  we  had  foreseen,  thousands  of  peoyjle  participated  in  this  great  event; 
thousands  marched  to  Humboldt  Park,  to  the  monument  of  the  hero  of  two  worlds, 
that  they  mit'ht  hear  the  words  of  the  delegates  of  the  Polish  army  in  France, 
who  have  come  to  call  us  to  arms  and,  as  Lieutenant  Qasiorowski  said  in  his 
address,  to  bring  us  "a  breeze  from  the  fields  of  Poland, '^  and  hear  the  as- 
surances of  the  French  government  as  to  the  Polish  cause  and  the  future  of  our 
homeland. 


CO 
cr 


^en  in  the  mornin,^  a  great  stir  could  be  noticed  in  Polish  neighborhoods. 
Buildings  on  the  streets  through  which  the  parade  was  scheduled  to  pass  were 


h 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkov;y,  Sept.  10,  1917. 


decorated  with  American,  French,  and  Polish  flags,  and  small  groups  of 
people  stood  on  the  sidewalks,  as  if  to  assure  themselves  of  a  good  place 
from  which  to  view  the  parade  and  see  the  distinguished  visitors. 


Punctually  at  nine  o'clock  in  the  morninr.,  the  administrations  of  all  the  par- 
ticipating Polish  organizations  gathered  in  front  of  St.  Stanislaus  High  School, 3 
where  the  parade  v;as  formed  which  was  to  take  the  Polisr  visitors  from  France 
to  St.  Stanislaus  Kostka  Church  for  mass. 


t3 


The  visitors,  Lieutenant  .Vaclav;  Gasiorowski,  Prince  Sti-^nislaus  Poniatovjski, 
descendent  of  a  great  Polish  family.  Sergeants  1/azurek,  Zechiecki,  and  Szaniawski, 
and  (in  civilian  clothes)  Stefan  Rejer,  organizer  of  Polish  coal  minors,  first  in 
iVestphalia  and  later  in  northern  France,  accompanied  by  the  members  of  the  citi- 
zens' committee — M.  Perlowski,  president,  Dr.  Statkiewicz,  secretary,  and  John 
V/edda,  treasurer — soon  arrived. 


At  9:15  the  parade  started  for  St.  Stanislaus  Kostka  Church  on  Noble  Street,  led 


I  G 
III 
III 
I  C 
IV 


-  3  - 


POLISH 


B  2 
D 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  Sept.  10,  1917. 


by  a  platoon  of  Falcons  and  members  of  the  Association  of  Military  Socie- 
ties. The  church  '.was  filled  to  capacity,  as  could  have  been  foreseen. 


'3 


o 


fess  was  celebrated  by  the  Reverend  Debinski,  pastor  of  the  church,  and  the 
sermon  was  delivered  by  the  Reverend  Rector  ./•  Zapala, 

"Lord,  return  to  us  the  freedom  of  our  homeland, **  he  began. 

Then  he  proceeded  to  describe  how,  a  hundred  years  ago,  one  of  the  great  heroes 
of  our  nation  died,  friendless  and  without  a  hand  to  help  him.  But  that  death, 
as  the  death  of  our  nation,  was  death  only  in  a  political  sense.  '*A  great  treas- 
ure remained  within  us,  the  great  spirit,  the  Polish  spirit  that  urges  us  to  con- 
tinue the  struggle 

"Today  we  are  greeting  those  who  followed  the  call  of  their  hearts  and  consciences 
and  enlisted  in  the  Polish  Army.  They  have  come  to  us  from  those  who  speak  the 
sajne  language,  who  are  of  the  same  faith  as  we.  They  have  come  to  give  us  strength 


I  g  -  4  - 

III  B  2 

III  D 
I  C 

IV  and  to  urge  us  to  continued  effort. *• 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazko;\^,  Sept.  10,  1917 • 


In  continuing  his  sermon,  the  rector  mentioned  some  of  our  great  heroes  such 
as  Semenenko  and  Kajsiewicz,  who  lived  and  worked  for  Poland  in  France.  Ttien, 
in  the  following  words,  he  .greeted  the  visitors  from  France: 

•^»Ve  welcome  the  Polish  Army  here  on  this  free  soil,  where  we  are  permitted  to 
pray  in  our  churches  in  Polish,  where  v/e  are  permitted  to  speak  in  Polish,  where 
our  national  growth  is  not  impeded." 

Tlie  rector  then  gave  a  resume  of  the  history  of  the  Polish  element  in  America, 
shov7ing  its  development  from  the  old  times  when,  more  than  fifty  years  ago, the 
first  Polish  immigrants  came  to  Texas,  up  to  our  i^resent  state  of  noral,  spirit- 
ual, £Uid  material  level. 

"Poland  has  always  carried  high  the  torch  of  enlightenment,"  he  said,  "and 
thanks  to  that  force  which  we  call  'spirit,*  we  are  tearing  off  our  chains  today. 


TO 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkov/y,  Sept.  10,  1917 


^Grant  us,  0  Lord,  that  we  mi^^Lt  live  to  see  Poland  free  and  independent. 
Let  us  turn  our  eyes  to  God  and  pray  that  we  may  see  the  moment  for  which 
our  forefathers  fought  a  hundred  years  ago. 


^'Return  to  us  the  freedom  of  our  homeland,  0  LordT' 


At  the  conclusion  of  the  church  services,  the  visitors  were  taken  to  the  Vvash- 
ington  monument  in  .Vashington  Park.   It  should  be  mentioned  here  that  the  Polish 
delegation  was  joined  in  church  by  the  official  delegates  of  the  French  govern- 
ment, headed  by  Henry  Franklin  Bouillon.   In  addition  to  these,  the  French 
Consul-general,  representatives  of  the  French  element  in  Chicago,  and  the  editor 
of  the  Franco-American,  M.  Vertefeuille,  attended  the  ceremony. 

The  long  procession  of  automobiles,  escorted  by  motorcycle  police,  moved  through 
the  Polish  neighborhood,  then  through  the  Loop  to  Michigan  .^venue,  through  boule- 
vards and  parks,  to  stop  at  the  monument  of  the  great  American  hero,  George  V/ash- 
ington.  There  were  about  a  hundred  automobiles,  and  all  were  decorated  with 


tr» 


I  G  -  6  - 

III  B  2 

III  D 
I  C 

IV  American,  Polish,  and  French  flags. 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  Sept.  10,  1917. 


The  ceremony  at  the  monument  of  v/ashington  was  short.   The  French  representative, 
Bouillon,  placed  a  vn^eath  upon  the  monument  in  behalf  of  France,  and  Lieutenant 
Gasiorowski  did  likewise  in  behalf  of  the  Polish  people.  The  platoon  of  Polish 
military  society  members  and  Falcons  then  fired  a  three-salvo  salute.  Both 
representatives — Bouillon  and  Gasioro7;ski — gave  short  addresses,  explaining  the 
reasons  for  laying  vrreaths  upon  the  rrionument;  follov;ing  this,  the  procession  re- 
turned to  Polish  Press  Club,  where  lunch  was  served  for  the  visitors  from  Europe, 
invited  guests,  and  representatives  of  organizations.  About  thirty  people  were 
present,  and  during  the  course  of  the  meal  the  conversation  turned  upon  matters 
of  a  general  nature  and  upon  the  present  war  and  its  probable  consequences. 


o 

o 

en 


Parade  to  Kosciusko  Monument 


The  principal  ceremony,  naturally,  was  the  parade  to  the  monument  of  Thaddeus 
Kosciusko.  Punctually  at  1:30  in  the  afternoon,  participating  organizations 


"  1  " 


Dziennik  Zv/iazkow^;-,  Sept.  10,  1917. 


POLISH 


and  societies  began  to  gather  in  front  of  the  Polish  National  Alliance 
building  and  the  iimnediate  vicinity.   .7e  shall  not  enumerate  the  organi- 
zations and  societies  that  participated.   Suffice  it  to  say  that  none  was  lack- 
ing. Under  the  capable  direction  of  IVIarshal  Kaszubov/ski,  the  procession  v/as 
quickly  formed,  with  the  distin,quished  visitors  from  Jiurope  and  the  representa- 
tives of  Polish  and  French  organizations  at  the  head.  Amonf;  the  Frenchmen,  vje 
noticed  Alphonse  Campion,  president  of  the  French  //elfare  Society,  Alphonse 
Bourdon,  vice-president  of  the  French  Mutual  Aid  Association,  Alfred  Thiuierge, 
member  and  organizer  of  that  organization,  ijlditor  Vertefeuille,  and  many  others. 
During  the  course  of  the  parade,  members  of  the  ./omen's  Division  of  the  Polish 
National  Alliance,  headed  by  Mrs.  I»!ary  Sakowski,  member  of  the  board  of  direc- 
tors, took  un  a  collection  for  Polish  prisoners,  distributing  tags  to  those  v;ho 
contributed.  Contributions  poured  in  from  all  sides.  At  about  2:30,  the  parade 
started  to  move  to  the  tunes  of  Przybylski's ,  Zalesk^s  and  Nest  192,  Polish 
Falcons*  Alliance  orchestras.  An  innumerable  throng  of  peoole  followed  the 
parade.  A  large  crowd  \vent  out  on  Division  Street  to  see  this  rebirth  of  Polish 
spirit,  this  procession  to  the  feet  of  our  great  national  hero  who  fought  for 


-  J 


-  8  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zv/iazkowy,  Sept.  10,  1917. 


freedom  and  the  rights  of  nations,  immortalizing  the  Polish  name.  Tlie 
parade  moved  down  Division  Street  to  California  Avenue,  California  Avenue 
to  North  Avenue,  and  North  Avenue  to  the  monument. 

Despite  the  rain  that  fell  continuously  throughout  the  afternoon,  an  estimated  1 
crowd  of  about  ten  thousand  people  participated.  After  the  places  on  the  plat- 
form were  taken  by  the  French  and  Polish  visitors  and  by  representatives  of 
organizations  and  other  guests,  and  the  scouts  and  Falcons  had  formed  their 
ranks  surrounding  the  monument,  a  sea  of  he-dds  could  be  seen  around  the  plat- 
form as  far  as  the  eye  could  reach;  the  throng  was  so  great  that  it  was  feared 
that  the  Dolice  would  not  be  able  to  cone  with  the  multitude  that  tried  to  press 
as  close  as  possible  in  order  to  see  the  distinguished  visitors  and  hear  what 
they  had  to  say. 

The  exercises  at  the  monument  were  opened  by  Michael  Perlowski,  uresident  of 
the  Citizens*  Committee,  who  called  upon  J.  F.  Smulski  to  preside,  and  John 
;/edda  to  act  as  secretary. 


I  G 


-  9  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  Sept.  10,  1917 


III  B  2 

III  D 
I  C 

IV  In  a  short  address,  Smulski  introduced  the  first  speaker,  the  official  repre- 
sentative, of  the  great  Republic  of  France,  Henry  Franklin  Bouillon,  who  was 

greeted  by  the  audience  with  thunderous  applause.  < 


^ddress  by  Bouillon  omitted  by  translator^^ 

At  the  conclusion  of  Bouillon's  address,  the  crowd  burst  into  a  tremendous 
storm  of  applause.   The  address  had  a  strong  effect  upon  the  audience,  and  deep 
emotion  was  plainly  visible  on  many  faces. 

Following  the  French  delegate's  address,  the  orchestra  and  the  Philaret  Choir 
rendered  ''The  Star-Spangled  Banner.*'  The  next  speal<:er  was  the  chairman,  John 
F.  Jmulski,  who  spoke  in  dlnglish  as  follov/s: 

"Jilr.  Deputy! 


CO 


"I  am  very  sorry  that,  having  arrived  here  only  an  hour  ago,  I  have  not  had  time 


-   10  - 


POLISH 


>ziennik  Zwiazkov/:/,   Sept.    10,    1917. 


I  G      • 
III  B  2 

III  D  

I  C 

IV  to  prepare  an  address  vvorthy  of  so  sir^nificant  a  moment  and  of  the  distin- 
guished presence  of  the  renresentative  and  delegate  sent  to  us  from  our 

historic  friend  of  the  past  and  natural  ally  of  the  future — France. 

^;/e  greet  you,  l]r.   Deputy,  with  all  the  sincerity  of  which  we  are  capable,  with 
all  the  enthusiasm  inherent  to  our  nature,  with  all  the  respect  due  your  person, 
with  all  our  love,  and  with  all  the  admiration  that  for  centuries  we  have  held 
for  the  p:reat  French  nation.  • 

• 

".7e  thoroux^hly  appreciate  and  are  grateful  for  this  evidence  of  friendship  and 
the  promise  of  aid  that  will  regain  us  our  country.   V/e  are  proud  that  we  shall 
again  have  the  opportunity  of  fi^htin?  shoulder  to  shoulder  with  the  valiant  sons 
of  France,  i^merica,  and  their  allies  (sic),  for  the  freedom  of  mankind. 

**.7e  earnestly  desire  to  prove  that  the  spirit  of  our  heroic  forefathers  con- 
tinues to  live  in  our  hearts,  and  that  we  are  worthy  of  those  who,  years  ago, 
fought  beside  the  French,  the  Italians,  and  the  .\mericans  for  the  rights  of  man, 


P 

CO 

o 

-J 


I  G  .  -  11  - 

III  B  2 

III  D  Dziennik  Zwiazko-.vy,  Sent.  10,  1917. 

I  c 

IV  and  who  died  in  defense  of  their  beloved  Poland. 


POLISH 


•*V/e  welcome  your  friendship  and  your  aid,  and  fully  comprehend  the  great  duty 
that  falls  upon  our  nation,  that  the  most  important  step  toward  the  rebirth  of 
our  nation  must  be  made  by  our  own  people.  From  the  will  of  our  people  must  a 
strong  and  virile  Poland  arise,  that  it  might  be  a  worthy  ally  of  the  great 
democracies  of  the  world  and  fulfil  its  duty  in  the  rehabilitation  of  mankind, 
in  the  restoration  of  culture  and  civilization,  the  rebuilding  of  humanitarian 
institutions  and  principles  of  charity. 

'•Our  task  is  to  organize  that  will  of  our  nation,  for  it  exists  and  has  existed 
without  interruption  since  the  partition.   .Ve  have  accomplished  much  more  in 
this  direction  than  our  friends  realize. 


-9 


"Without  a  government  of  our  own,  this  organizing  work  was  of  necessity  exhaust- 
ing and  slow,  for  communication  and  maintenance  of  unity  between  four  parts  of 
the  Polish  nation  v;ere  difficult.  Yet  our  work  r)ro<2;ressed#  As  proof  of  our 


-  12  - 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  Sept.  10,  1917 


POLISH 


organizing  ability,  I  ask  you,  llr.  Deputy,  to  look  around  you  and  see  the 
masses  of  Polish  people  who  have  come  here  to  greet  you.  These  are  the 
people  who  form  our  organizations,  who  came  here  at  practically  an  eleventh- 
hour  notice;  they  have  come  to  give  proof  that  the  organized  will  and  the  de- 
sire for  the  rebirth  of  our  nation  lives  within  us,  and  that  no  persecution, 
torture,  suppression,  or  disaster  can  crush  it  so  long  as  a  Polish  heart  beats 
upon  this  earth. 

''There  are  no  difficulties  that  we  cannot  overcome,  there  are  no  obstacles  we 
cannot  surmount  in  the  creation  of  that  organization  that  is  to  be  instrumental, 
that  is  to  promote  the  good  of  our  cause  and  is  to  the  advantage  of  our  friends 
and  natural  allies. 


-J 


''Repeating  my  assurance  of  our  deep  appreciation  of  your  presence  here,  and  of 
our  gratitude  to  France  for  its  aid,  allov;  me  to  add  that  we  have  loyally  sup- 
plied our  quota  of  men  to  the  army  of  our  great  Republic  /the  United  States/; 
we  have  given  more  than  our  share,  for  I  believe  that  I  will  not  be  wrong 


I  G 
III 
III 
I  C 
IV 


B  2 

D 


-  13  - 


Dzlennik  Zwiazkowy,  Sept.  10,  1917, 


POLISH 


if  I  say  that  the  Polish  volunteers  in  the  American  army  outnumber  the 

polish/  drafted  men.  Despite  this,  our  organization  will  spare  no  ef-  [ 

fort  in  suT)porting  the  movement  begun  in  France.  It  is  my  hope  that  that  I 

support  v/ill  exceed  even  our  own  expectations.  \ 

•^Those  of  us  who  are  American  citizens  have  maintained  an  unsv^erving  loyalty 
to  our  great  republic.   Ve  have  tried  to  give,  and  I  believe  we  have  given, 
immeasurable  proofs  of  our  loyalty  and  our  willingness  to  sacrifice.   But 
our  ties  with  and  our  love  for  the  land  of  our  fathers  make  us  give  more  than 
v/hat  is  req^uired  of  us,  and  it  is  in  this  that  the  unshakable  will  of  our  Polish 
nation  is  best  exDressed,  the  will  to  possess  a  free  and  independent  country  of 
our  own.  That  will  must  be  recognized  by  the  nations  of  the  world  as  well  as 
the  necessity  to  create  a  free  and  independent  Poland,  in  order  to  preserve 
Deace  in  iiluroTDe  and  in  the  world. 


T3 

o 

'.J 


"Long  live  President  Jilson  and  the  United  States  of  iimerical 


"Long  live  valiant  and  victorious  ]?>ance! 


-  14  - 


I  G 

III  B  2 

III  D 
I  C 

IV  ''Long  live  free  and  indeoendent  Poland  I'' 


POLISH 


Dziennik  c^wiazko'/^,  Sept.  10,  1917 • 


The  next  speaker  was  Prince  Stanislaus  Poniatowski,  descendent  of  an  illustrious^ 
family •  ^ 


^Address  by  Poniatowski  omitted  by  translator^/ 


Vflien  he  had  finished  his  address,  a  storm  of  applause  arose  that  continued  for 
a  long  time*  The  Polish  people,  gathered  at  the  monument  of  the  hero  of  two 
worlds.,  saw  in  this  able  young  Polish  warrior  the  promise  of  a  rebirth  of  the 
nation.   The  forcefulness  of  Poniatowski* s  words  \ms   electrifying.  Tears  could 
be  seen  in  many  eyes  and  it  was  as  if  some  great,  secret  love  for  Poland  eddied 
in  waves  above  the  sea  of  heads. 


— I 


The   orchestra  and  the  Philaret  Choir  next  rendered  the  song  ";/olna  Polska" 
/Free  Poland/,  following  ;vhich  the  chairman  called  upon  Lieutenant  Gasiorowski 
to  SDsak. 


I  G 

III  B  2 
III  D 
I  C 

IV 


-  15  - 


Dzieiinik  Zwiazkov:y,  3ept.  10,  1917 


POLISH 


^ddress  by  Gasiorowski  omitted  by  translatoPj/ 

After  the  long- continuing  applause  had  died  down,  the  Philaret  Choir  sang 
"Boze  Cos  Polske^  /obd  Save  Poland/,  following  which  the  secretary  read  the 
telegram  dispatched  to  President  Poincare  of  France*   Ihe  text  of  the  telegram 
v;as  as  follows: 


"In  behalf  of  the  400,000  (sic)  Poles  of  Chicago,  gathered  before  the  monument 
of  Thaddeus  Kosciusko  this  ninth  day  of  September,  1917,  in  the  presence  of 
Henry  Franklin  Bouillon,  representative  of  the  French  Government  and  parlia- 
ment, and  the  Polish  army  delegation  from  France,  we  wish  to  express  our  deep- 
est appreciation  and  gratitude  for  that  historical  act  of  justice  /to  Poland/ 
by  France  and  the  other  allied  povjers. 


X) 


o 

O 


"Regarding  the  Polish  army  in  France  as  the  cornerstone  on  v/hich  will  arise  a 


-  16  - 


POLISH 


Dzlennik  Zmazkowy,    Sept.    10,    1917. 


I  G 

III  B  2 

III  D 
I  C 

IV  free  and  independent  Poland,  we  reaffirm  our  readiness  for  any  sacrifice 
that  might  be  required  of  us. 


"Long  live  the  brotherhood  of  arins  a^d  democratic  ideals  of  the  United  States, 
the  Republic  of  France,  and  resurrected  Poland! 

•^Your  name,  Mr.  President,  and  the  name  of  our  President  V/ilson  will  be  im- 
printed in  letters  of  gold  in  the  pages  of  Polish  history. 


(signed) 


"John  F.  Smulski, 
"John  .Vedda." 


-T3 


o 
to 

o 


After  the  telegram  had  been  read,  Bouillon  again  arose  and  said  in  a  loud 
voice:  "Once  more  in  the  name  of  France,  I  thank  you  and  assure  you  that  \ve 
shall  not  lay  down  our  arms  until  we  have  won  freedom  for  all,  until  Poland 
is  free I" 


Thunderous  applause  ^jvas  the  throng's  ansvrer,  and  there  seemed  no  end  to  the 


I  G 
III 
III 
I  C 
IV 


-  17  - 


POLISH 


B  2 
D 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy^  Sept.  10,  1917. 


cheers  for  France,   'v^en  the  cheers  had  subsided,  the  chairman  introduced 
the  members  of  the  Polish  army  delegation:  Szaniawski,  Hejer,  Mazurek, 
and  Zechiecki,  and  these  brave  soldiers,  each  of  v/hom  has  seen  active  service 
in  the  war  and  been  wounded,  were  received  with  enthusiastic  applause  by  the 
throng,  and  with  cheers  for  the  Polish  army. 

The  exercises  were  concluded  with  the  sinr.ing  of  "Jeszcze  Polska  Nie  Zginela^ 
Roland  Is  Not  Yet  Lost/  and  '^Boze  Cos  Polske.** 

It  should  be  added  here  that  Bouillon,  the  representative  of  France,  and 
Gasiorowski  each  placed  a  v;reath  upon  the  monument  of  Kosciusko,  the  first 
in  the  name  of  France  and  the  second  in  the  name  of  the  Polish  Army  in  France. 
The  wreaths  bore  the  following  inscriptions: 

'^^\iith  your  leader^s  blessing  in  the  struggle  for  a  free,  united,  and  independent 
Poland, ^^  and  ^1776~.;ashington,  Laf-ivette,  Kosciusko.  1S17— the  United  States, 
France,  Poland.'* 


j3 

o 


-  18  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazko/^:;,  Sept.  10,  1917. 


I  G 

III  B  2 

III  D 
I  C 

IV  A  report  of  the  banquet  given  at  the  Polish  Press  Club  for  the  delegates 
from  Europe  and  invited  guests  can  be  found  on  page  7  of  this  issue  of 

Dziennik:  Zwiazkov/y, 


o 
o 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zvriazkov^y,  Aug.   21,   1917. 


HYPOCEITES 


(Editorial) 


It  ^ould  seem  that  after  recent  events  in  Poland,  that  is,  after  the  final 
settling  of  differences  as  to  the  position  /on  Polish  affairs/  to  be  taken 
by  Poles  everywhere — a  position  clearly  defined  by  the  memorable  decisions 
of  the  Kolo  Sejmowe,  in  Krakow,  where  the  Galician  National  Committee's 
program  was  finally  liquidated  and  the  Polish  cause  placed  upon  its  sole 
and  proper  course,  there  would  not  be  any  Pole,  especially  here  in  America, 
who  would  continue  to  adhere  to  the  old  point  of  view,  or  who  would  wish 
to  work  for  the  good  of  Teutonism. 


To  tell  the  truth,  we  witnessed  the  ''about -face"  executed  by  the  K.  0.  N. 
^omitet  Obrony  Narodowej:  Committee  for  National  Defense  (Polish^^ 
immediately  after  the  declaration  of  war  by  the  United  States.  From  fear 
of  the  punishment  that  might  fall  upon  them,  all  of  the  newspapers  of  this 


-  2   . 


Dziennlk  Z^/iazkovwy^  Aug.   21,   1917 • 


POLISH 


organization  proclaimed  their  loyalty,  while,  in  the  course  of  tv,enty-four 
hours,  the  leaders  of  K.  0.  N.  transformed  themselves  from  puppets  of  the 
Kaiser  to  defenders  of  the  Stars  and  Stripes.  They  even  began  to  cry  out 
to  the  Y^orld  at  large  that,  today,  the  Germans  are  the  sole  enemies  of  Po- 
land, for  that  was  the  proper  attitude  to  take  for  the  benefit  of  the  gov- 
ernment agents,  yiho   turned  a  more  v,atchful  eye  upon  their  activities. 

But  these  rentlemen  changed  their  tone  only  for  appearance's  sake.   In  the 
depths  of  their  hearts,  they  remained  faithful  to  their  original  idea  and 
after  feeling  themselves  freer  v-hen  the  United  States  Government,  in  the 
face  of  resolutions  adopted  at  the  K.  0.  N.  Congress,  could  not  call  to 
account  the  more  obvious  sympathizers  of  the  Kaiser,  continued  to  vvork  their 
pro-German  politics  and  to  spread  venom  in  the  hearts  of  their  followers. 

In  truth,  they  are  doing  this  cautiously,  under  cover,  and  thus  the  more 
subversively,  but  steadily.  After  all,  the  goal  of  German  propaganda  in 
the  United  States  was  to  have  been  the  maintenance  of  the  general  opinion 


Co 

C  ) 


I  G 
I  C 


-  3  - 


Dziennik  Zwiazkox^,  Aug.  21,  1917* 


POLISH 


that  nothing  threatened  the  United  states  from  the  side  of  the  Germans,  and 
that  consequently  the  United  States  ought  to  remain  neutral  and  not  mix  into 
the  war# 

Similar  propaganda  is  conducted  here  in  America  by  certain  newspapers,  such 
as  the  New  York  Telegraf  Codzienny  ^aily  Telegraph/,  the  Detroit  Dziennik 
Polski,  and  others.  These  ridicule  all  the  efforts  of  the  Polish  element  in 
America  to  help  Poland  by  organizing  its  forces  and  gathering  itself  together 
into  a  single  unit,  so  as  to  be  in  a  position  to  create  a  Polish  armed  force 
that  will  stand  in  defense  of  its  own  flag  at  the  side  of  the  Allied  nations. 
The  latter  have  acknowledged  Poland  as  their  ally  and  have  peiroitted  the  for- 
mation of  a  Polish  army  as  a  symbol  that  Poland  is  already  a  free  and  inde- 
pendent nation. 


How  carefully  these  **narrow  gauge'*  newspapers,  until  recently  supported 
financially  by  the  Prussian  consuls,  reprint  all  news  items  and  communiques 
that  tend  to  destroy,  in  the  Polish  element  here,  faith  in  the  idea  that  a 


I  G 


-  ^i  - 


POLISH 


Dziennixc  Zvaaz.-<:ov.y ,  ^^K*    -1,  1j17. 

rolish  apiiiy  can  be  cree^ted;  hov.  CbLre/ully  they  seize  upon  every  little  word 
dropped  by  injuaicious  :uia  I'lipp'^iiit  arrit^tors  for  the  roiish  Falcorfs  r^lli- 
ance  of  iuuerica  v^ho,  the  sooner  :.hey  are  recalled,  -he  better;  v,h^t  far- 
reaching,  conclusions  anu  I'oolicih  logic  b^ised,  aftei-  all,  ncrely  :;pon  a  light- 
ning effect  upon  the  reaaer, .  these  servants  of  the  Kaii:5er  arrive  at,  purely 
for  the  purpose  of  defairiing  and  ridiculin/*  the  v.hole  task  of  the  Polish  ele- 
ment in  .jaerica  consolidated  under  the  /lolisji/  -^'aticnal  Department,  so  as 
to  destroy  the  issue  entirely,  or  at  least  postpone  it  for  a  lon^:  time  to 
come. 

i^or  prooi ,  v,e  do  not  have  far  to  look,   Ve  ao  not  \.ant  to  cite  them  here, 
since  that  would  accora  them  more  honor  th- n  they  deserve.  V.'e  v.ould  lilce 
to  call  attention  to  only  one  thin/:,  naiaely,  to  the  fact  that  former-declared 
-1.  0.  I.^.  nev.spapers  are  again  rearing  their  heads  ana  spreading  dissention, 
attempting  to  deprave  the  spirits  of  the  v;eaKer  by  robbing  them  of  their 
enthusiasi.i  and  desiie  to  serve  the  cause  for  v.hich  the  United  States  has 
entered  the  vjar. 


X3 


CO 

r 


I   G 


-   o   - 


POLISH 


DzienniK  Zvvi'iZiCowVj    ..Ui-.    ^1,    1j17 


V.'e  are  ^t:,-tin^;,  the  matter  cle:  ri.:   if   v.e  3o.y  that  the     reat  ;r.ajorit;/  of  roles 
in  .j.ierica  are  .^'rouf-ea  unaer  tae  st  iieardL    vf   the  I'clioh  ^entr::!  Relief  Coji- 
i'iiittee  anc   the  Ilational  Dep-.rtifient ,    anu   are   lending;  ever"    effort    to   elevate 
the  jf'olioh  na::ie,    ant.  are    ..or<iu     to  the  extent  of   their  j)OV,er  for   t-^ie    free- 
aoin  of  all  rolanu  fro.;,  iruiiiiii-;  s   ^*ra^p,    at.   ;.he   ^iae  of   the  billies,    especially 
the  united  .^t^.tea,      Cn  tae  other  iianc  ,    the   other   ca.i-,  rroui)ed  uncer  K,    u.    \*.  , 
i^   doinc   e\erythin;:   in   it^   pov.er  to   obstruct  this   v.or;:,    that   ia,    it    oenca   to 
v.eaken   enthusiast:,  for  tlie   caui^e,    thereby  affectia^r   laairectly  the   iatere^^^ts 
of   the  united  States   by   ];layi.ir   the  role  of   '^slackers , '*   about   v.hoi.i  Root  and 
Russell  have   so   aptly  expressed   t:ie::.st:;lveii . 

That  V'.hici'i   is   being  aone   fur   the  -ocd   of   the  haiser  -Jiu   Gerir^any  by  Prussian 
nev^spapers   puulisneci    xn   the  .nited  .jtates    is   bein*  aone    by  the  h.    0,    !^.    news- 
papers,   publisnea   in  the  rolioh   l'jai,-ua 'e,    v,hich  shield   thei.iselves   behind    the 
rolish   cause   by  tariinc-   as   a  basis   for  tii-.ir  st?  nc:   the  Geriaan   "I'uver.iber  ^iCts^' 
concerninfr  lolana,    v.nile    in  realit-     they  are  v.or'^inr:   araiast   the   i-olish 
cause  am.    a^^ainst   tiie  allied  CMv^.se   in  raneril,    beinr  2*-.. tiier  a   aiddc^Xi  saring 


CO 


I   G 
I   C 


-     L>     - 


jzie.'inir:  Zv.i  .z.:ov/,   ..u 


1    < 


—    > 


J  JL  <    • 


i'<.>LUH 


in  the   inf.-eiiiou^   :.:iu    '..ell-oiled  .^^Ub  Lro-v'rer.iaii   :;ropcK*anca  iiiachine. 


It   is   cirricult  ~o  believe  i;i  the  rei'or  :cition  ci*   theL^e  bare-faced   si:iners 
ana  in  trie  siiiceiity  of   their   eTrort:^,    incuced   b-r  fe^ar.      .eo;:le  c:'   their 
sort  are  usually  h/'jooriteo  V;ho,    for   the   :.>ablic   e-:e,    be-it  t.ieir  cne..t  and 
proi'e^s  tneir  patriotis  ■.,    v.Tiile    ia  tne  deptho   o.'   tneir  hearts   tney  rei:i?3in 
unohan^^ea.      Th-.t    this   is   true   in   t^;'^  Cc..>e  o.*  <i>uT   "'eople  neeus  no  prooT. 
/attention  needs   to   be   called  to   tJie   situj.tion,    hov.evei  ,    th'  t    '.riey  shvjulu 
nut   be3o;.ie  ..icre  h':ri..rul,    anu    that   t^.e  public   should,   raiov.    th;.t   here   it   has 
to  deal,    act   v.itn  la:ibs ,    lut   '.  itr:   Vvolves   in   sheep's   clothini'. 


5> 


5 

O 


CO 

c:: 

Z,T-f 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zv»l&zkowy,  June  14,  1917. 
DO  YOUR  DUTY  VJITHOUT  DELAY 

Tomorrow  is  the  last  day  for  subscribing  to  the  Liberty  Loan  and  for  pur- 
chasing government  bonds.  At  twelve  o'clock  noon  the  books  will  be  closed 
to  subscribers  and  no  one  v.lll  have  further  opportunity  of  having  the  honor 
of  being  listed  as  one  of  Uncle  Sarahs  creditors. 

Today  the  Germans  look  toward  America  with  fear,  asking  whether  the  citizens 
of  the  United  States  will  fulfill  their  duty  to  their  country  and,  by  tomor- 
row, subscribe  the  entire  two-billicn-dollar  loan.  Up  to  this  morning,  342 
millions  were  still  lacking;  this  quota  must  be  filled  within  the  next  twenty- 
four  hours. 


Ca2 


Thus  far,  Chicago  has  not  filled  its  quota.  Until  yesterday  evening,  Chicago 
had  subscribed  ^217,826,000,  while  the  {government  estimated  that  Chicago 
would  subscribe  at  least  $200,000,000,  and  perhaps  as  high  as  $350,000,000. 
If,  then,  the  residents  of  Chicago  are  to  fulfill  their  duty,  they  must 


I  G 

III  B  3  a 


-  2  - 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  June  14,  1917. 


POLISH 


subscribe  ^4,000,000  every  hour  to  meet  the  iainimuin  quota* 

Enthusiasm  for  the  cause  is  grovdng  steadily,  and  the  banks  are  sure  that 
the  residents  of  Chicago  will  not  prove  themselves  worse  than  others,  and 
that  they  will  do  their  duty  properly. 

Bonds  can  be  purchased  on  payments  as  low  as  two  dollars  weekly.  Only  two 
per  cent  need  be  paid  at  the  time  of  subscription.  If,  for  example,  you  are 
buying  a  hundred-dollar  bond,  you  need  to  pay  only  two  dollars  down.  You 
can  pay  the  rest  in  weekly  payments: 

It  is  as  if  you  were  taking  money  to  the  bank  and  saving  it.  In  no  time  at 
all,  after  a  few  months,  you  will  find  that  you  have  a  hundred  dollars  or 
more,  for  in  possessing  a  government  bond  you  have  the  equivalent  of  the 
same  amount  of  cash,  and  it  will  bring  you  three  and  a  half  per  cent  interest 
annually. 


>^ 


-^ 


I  G 

III  B  3  a 


-  3   - 


Dzlennik  Zviiazkowy,   June  14,   1917  • 


POLISH 


This  is  our  last  appeal  to  you,  countrymen.   If  you  have  not  yet  subscribed 
to  the  Liberty  Loan,  if  you  are  still  hesitatin^^,  make  up  your  mind  today 
and  hasten  to  the  bank  in  the  last  few  hours,  so  that  you,  too,  can  find 
yourself  on  the  list  of  those  ;^.ho,  although  they  cannot  fight  in  the  trenches 
for  freedom,  have  contributed  their  money  to  the  cause,  and  have  thus  given 
their  aid  toward  the  victory  of  right  over  injustice. 

Remember  that  every  dollar  contributed  to  the  struggle  against  Teutonism 
brings  nearer  the  moment  of  our  victory,  and  spares  the  blood  of  our  brethren 
who  are  fighting,  and  will  continue  to  fight,  in  many  different  armies. 


o 


CD 


Today  is  iimerican  Flag  Day! 


Display  the  flag  of  freedom  in  your  window  and  let  it  wave  cier  your  home  un- 
til noon  tomorrow.   In  the  meantime,  go  to  the  nearest  bank  ana  enter  your 
name  on  the  list  of  subscribers  to  the  Liberty  Loan.  Subscribe  as  much  as 
your  means  permit. 


I  0 

III  B  3  a 


-  4  - 


POLISH 


Dzieanik  Zwiazkovvy,  June  14,  1917. 


Do  this  immediately,  without  looking  around  at  others.  Do  your  duty J 


-r 


I  G 
III  E 
I  C 


POLISH 


Dzieimik  Zwiazkowy,  June  11,  1917 


ccNC-::RimjG  got2Ri-M2:ot  bonds 


(Contributed) 

A  few  days  ago,  a  certain  Polish  woman  came  into  ray  office  to  ask  if  it  is 
a  good  thing  to  buy  government  bonds,  that  is,  Liberty  bonds,  adding  that 
she  has  saved  up  a  few  hundred  dollars,  which  she  keeps  hidden  away  in  some 
private  bank.  She  said  that  if  she  were  sure  that  her  money  would  not  be 
lost,  she  would  draw  it  out  of  this  private  banlc  and  use  it  to  purchase 
Liberty  bonds.  A  certain  Pole,  again,  told  me  that  he  has  three  t^nousand 
dollars  in  a  safe  deposit  box  with  which  he  would  buy  Liberty  bonds  if  he 
were  sure  that  his  money  will  not  be  lost. 


no 


••-i 
•* 


There  are  many  women  such  as  the  one  I  mentioned,  who  have  money  in  private 
banks,  banks  often  owned  by  Jews,  who  do  not  give  any  guarantee.  There  are 
also  many  people  v/ho  do  not  have  confidence  in  any  bank  and  so  keep  their 
money  in  safe  deposit  boxes  or  in  safes.  Naturally,  not  only  does  their 


I  G 
III  H 
I  C 


--  2  " 


Dzlennlk  Zwlazkowy,  June  11,  1917 • 


POLISH 


money  not  earn  any  interest,  but  they  must  pay  rent  for  a  place  to  keep  it. 
And  there  are  also  many  people  who  keep  their  money  at  home~in  mattresses, 
in  stoves,  in  all  sorts  of  holes.  Often  there  are  accidents,  and  their 
money  is  stolen  or  burned. 

Are  United  States  Government  bonds  safe?  V/ill  not  money  invested  in  these 
bonds  be  lost? 

It  would  seem  that  anyone  seriously  asking  such  questions  should  be  regarded 
as  a  candidate  for  the  insane  asylum,  but  unfortunately  there  are  many  who 
do.  There  are  also  people  who  regard  the  money  spent  to  purchase  Liberty 
bonds  as  a  contribution  to  the  government  toward  covering  the  expense  of  the 
war,  and  that  it  will  never  be  given  back. 

This  is  also  nonsense. 


-^3 


CD 

r  j 


lionoy  spent  for  the  purchase  of  government  bonds  is  nothing  more  than  a  loan 


I  G 

III  n 
I  c 


-  3  - 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  June  11,  1917. 


POLISH 


to  the  whole  American  nation,  and  has  the  same  guarantee  as  paper  money;  for 
paper  money  is  nothing  more  than  a  guarantee  by  the  government  of  value  to  a 
specific  sum,  with  this  difference  that  the  government  paper  used  as  money 
pays  no  interest,  while  bonds  pay  three  and  one-half  per  cent — one-half  per 
cent  more  than  the  banks  pay« 

In  view  of  these  facts,  I  think  Poles  ought  to  take  the  greatest  possible 
advantage  of  this  occasion,  Vftioever  has  fifty  dollars  or  more  saved  up 
can  buy  one  or  more  bonds.  Money  invested  in  these  bonds  cannot  be  lost, 
unless  the  world  should  turn  upside  down. 

Since  the  money  fro.n  the  sale  of  these  bonds  will  be  used  by  the  govemment 
to  conduct  the  war  against  Germany,  our  eternal  enemy,  overy  Pole,  even  the 
poorest,  ought  to  take  it  upon  himself  to  purchase  at  least  one  bond,  at 
fifty  dollars.  After  all,  he  will  not  lose,  but  gain  by  it. 


'JO 


or 


America  declared  war  against  Prussian  autocracy  which,  just  as  before — ^when 


I  G 
III  H 
I  C 


-  4  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwlazkowy,  June  11,  1917 


it  occupied  a  part  of  Poland,  a  part  of  France  and  Denmark,  and  invaded  other 
countries  which  it  holds  in  slavery  by  brute  strength — tends  toward  driving 
the  entire  world  into  slavery.  i\merica  has  declared  war  against  these  modem 
barbaric  Huns  to  protect  not  only  iti  own  land  against  Prussian  rapacity,  but 
to  free  other  nations,  among  them  Poland,  of  the  Prussian  yoke.  President 
Wilson  has  plainly  declared  that  Poland  must  be  free  and  self-governing. 

Thus,  in  fighting  against  the  Germans,  Aiaerica  is  fighting  for  Poland,  llihat 
a  pleasant  feeling,  to  every  son  and  daughter  of  Poland,  it  is  to  know  that 
this  great,  powerful,  and  broadminded  American  nation  was  chosen  by  Providence 
to  avenge  the  wrongs  against  Poland! 

Every  Pole  fighting  in  the  American  ilrmy  is  fighting  for  America  and  for  Poland. 
In  the  face  of  this  fact,  it  ought  to  be  the  duty  of  every  Polish  man  and  woman 
to  lend  every  effort  to  help  the  Americsm  government  crush  that  Prussian  brute 
strength  and  free  the  Polish  nation  from  the  yol:e  of  slavery. 


70 
o 

00 


I,.  "« 


I  G 
III  H 
I  C 


-  5  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy^  June  11,  1917 


Let  us  enlist  in  the  army,  let  us  not  wait  until  we  are  taken  under  compulsion; 
let  us  buy  Liberty  bonds.  Next  Friday  ^une  1^  is  the  last  day  on  which  these 
bonds  may  be  purchased. 


r 


Apply  to  the  Polish  banks,  and  there  you  will  find  someone  to  explain  what  needs  X- 
to  be  done.  You  do  not  have  to  pay  until  July  without  losing  the  interest.      g 

By  the  purchase  of  a  great  number  of  bonds  from  Polish  banks,  we  Polish  people 
can  give  proof  that  we  are  loyal  citizens  of  this  country.  Let  us  also  join 
the  Red  Cross. 


CD 

ro 


II •  L.  Piotrowski 


^i>~.m 


I  G 

II  B  2  d  (1) 

III  B  2 


POLISH 


Dzlennik  Zvaazkowy,  June  6,  1917. 


THE  BSST  ANSVJER 

(Editorial) 

The  Polish  National  Alliance,  as  has  already  been  published,  has  decided  to 
buy  i 112, 000  worth  of  United  States  Liberty  Loan  bonds,  thus  giving  the  most 
eloquent  proof  that  we  not  only  call  upon  others  to  purchase  Liberty  bonds, 
but  ourselves  practice  v;hat  v»e  preach*  Of  the  vll2,000  appropriated  by  the 
Polish  National  Alliance  for  the  purchase  of  Liberty  bonds,  |50,000  belongs 
to  the  J^olishJ  national  tax  fund,  collected  among  the  Alliance  members  in 
those  "five-cent  pieces"  that  caused  some  people  headaches,  especially  the 
followers  of  K.  0.  N.  ^omitet  Obrony  Narodowe — National  Defense  Coi3rflittee7 
who  even  tried  to  accuse  the  central  administration  of  using  that  money  for 
some  sort  of  "czar-boosting  agitation".  Obviously,  that  money  is  in  the 
bank,  since  today  the  central  administration,  upon  authority  of  the  National 
Tax  Control  Commission,  is  able  to  take  up  the  funds  and  invest  them  in 
government  bonds  for  a  stated  time. 


^ 

^ 


-T3 

O 


CjO 


<j^ 


I  G 

II  B  2  d  (1) 

III  B  2 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


Dzieimir:  Zv.iazkowy,  June  6,  1917. 


The  second  ;'50,000  for  the  purchase  of  Liberty  bonds  will  be  taken  by  the 
central  administration  fron  the  present  capital  of  the  Alliance,  to  allocate 
it  where  it  will  not  be  in  any  danger,  discharging,  at  the  same  time,  a  duty 
that  our  organization  ov.'es  to  this,  cur  adopted  homeland,  Ve   feel  sure  that 
none  of  our  Alliance  brothers  will  raise  a  word  of  protest  against  this 
decision  of  the  central  adi.iinistration  of  the  Polish  National  Alliance,  but 
will  heartily  applaud  it. 

Finally,  s?12,000  has  oeen  allotted  for  the  same  purpose  by  the  Polish  National 
Alliance  publications,  that  is,  the  funds  will  oome  from  the  savings  of  Dziennik 
Zwiazkowy  and  Zgoda>  As  the  official  report  confirms,  the  Alliance  publica- 
tions have  a  surplus  capit!  1  of  more  them  {,'24,000,  anc.  from  this  they  will  pur- 
chase ; 12,000  worth  of  Liberty  bonds. 


a 


CO 
CD 


This  is  the  best  answer  to  all  accusations  made  by  people  of  ill  will  that 
Dziennik  Zwiazkowy  does  not  pfty  for  itself,  and  that  the  Alliance  has  to  make 
up  its  deficit  at  the  rate  of  ^12,000  per  month.   It  must  be  understood  that 


I  G 

II  B  2  d  (1) 

III  B  2 


-  5  - 


POLISH 


Dzieanlk  Zwlazkowy,  June  6,  1917 


the  finances  of  the  publications  are  handled  entirely  apart  from  the  finances 
of  the  Alliance  itself;  they  are  controlled,  hov^ever,  by  the  central  adminis- 
tration, which  approves  or  rejects  all  ejLpenditures,  end  must  give  its  appro- 
bation to  all  orders  placed  by  the  newspapers'  administration;  in  short,  it 
has  complete  control  over  the  publications'  finances. 

The  fact  that  today  the  Alliance  publications  have  purchased  12,000  v.orth  of 
United  States  Liberty  Loan  bonds  proves  most  eloquently  the  shallovmess  and 
baselessness  of  all  accusations  concerning  the  financial  side  of  our  publica- 
tions, and  gives  the  lie  to  all  rumors  th^t  these  publications  do  not  show  a 
profit  anci  do  not  support  themselves, 

ThroUi^h  the  purchase  of  Liberty  bonds,  the  publict^tions  have  performed  their 
duty.  Let  us  hope  that  they  continue  to  prosper  so  that,  in  a  short  time, 
they  may  double  their  bond  purchase.  Then,  perhaps,  part  of  the  surplus 
can  be  used  for  the  benefit  of  those  v.ho  labor  intensively  over  their  develop- 
ment and  expansion. 


•V 

7-.} 


I  G 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  June  5,  1917. 


BUY  LIBERTY  BONDS 

(Sditorial) 

Last  Sunday,  Chicago  Po Ionia  experienced  an  extremely  pleasant  and  solemn 
moment  • 

In  a  great  gathering,  we  showed  that  we  can — and  want  to — show  our  loyalty 
to  this  powerful  republic,  and  that  we  shall  hold  the  name  of  our  great 
President  in  everlasting  gratitude,  for  whenever  a  speaker  mentioned  the 
name  of  the  highest  executive  of  the  land,  a  veritable  storm  of  cheers  and 
applause  arose. 

However,  our  duty  did  not  end  with  listening  to  the  speeches  and  experiencing 
the  impressions  of  this  great  day.  Great  watchwords  were  thrown  to  us  from 
the  platform;  we  were  urged  to  fulfill  duties  to  this,  our  adopted  homeland, 
and  urged  to  the  most  honest  fulfilLnent  of  those  duties  for,  as  one  of  the 


-J 


I  G 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  June  5,  1917 • 

speakers  justly  said,  whoever  does  not  fulfill  those  duties  is  aiding  the 
worst  enemy  of  the  United  States. 

Not  all  of  us  can  seize  a  rifle  in  order  to  fight  for  the  rights  of  man, 
and  for  sacred  ideals.  As  a  matter  of  fact,  no  one  expects  this  of  us. 
All  of  us  can,  however,  fulfill  a  great  and  important  duty,  and  that  is  to 
aid  the  United  States  financially  toward  a  final  victory  over  the  arrogant 
Prussian. 

The  United  States  must  have  two  billion  dollars  in  its  treasury  in  order 
to  prepare  adequately  and  to  conduct  the  vmr  effectively.  This  money  is 
needed  now.  The  people  of  America  have  understood  this  and,  as  one  man, 
have  hastened  with  the  greatest  enthusiasm  and  with  unheard-of  determination 
to  the  aid  of  the  government,  purchasing  Liberty  bonds  with  their  savings. 

Since,  however,  the  sum  of  two  billion  dollars  (two  thousand  millions)  is  a 
large  one  to  raise,  the  whole  bond  issue  has  not  yet  been  purchased,  and 


I  G 


-  3  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowj^  June  5,  1917 • 

it  is  necessary  that  the  patriotic  citizens  of  America  continue  with  the 
purchase  of  Liberty  bonds.  Everyone  ought  to  hasten  to  swell  the  loan  for 
patriotic,  humanitarian,  and  economic  reasons. 


V/e  know  that  the  United  States  did  not  go  into  this  war  for  purposes  of  ter- 
ritorial gain;   it  entered  the  war  in  order  to  fight  for  the  rights  of  all 
mankind,  and  for  the  small  nations  that  are  being  oppressed  today.  V/e  know 
that,  in  this  case,  even  the  greatest  efforts  of  single  individuals  cannot 
help,  for  only  by  united  and  v/ell-organized  action  of  the  whole  nation  can 
this  cause  be  adequately  served.  Thus,  private  individuals  and  whole  asso- 
ciations, societies,  groups,  and  clubs  ought  immediately  to  take  up  the  mat- 
ter of  purchasing  Liberty  bonds,  and  to  appropriate  from  funds  lying  idle  in 
the  bank,  so  much  for  the  purchase  of  such  bonds. 

Three  things  are  necessary  to  carry  on  a  war,  as  Napoleon  said — namely, 
money,  money,  and  more  money.  Since  the  government  does  not  have  enough 
money  in  the  banks,  it  must  borrow  from  its  citizens.  Surely  eveiy  one 


O 


C3 


I  G 


-  4  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Swiazkowy,  June  5,  1917 


of  us  understands  that  a  loan  given  to  the  United  States  Govemment  is  the 
safest  in  the  world.  Not  one  cent  can  ever  be  lost  by  anyone.  Money  is 
safer  in  the  hands  of  the  government  than  in  a  hundred  banks.  The  govern- 


ment will  pay  three  and  one-half  percent  interest,  that  is,  ^#50  on  every 
hundred  dollars,  annually. 

For  money  paid  to  the  government,  each  person  will  receive  a  note,  that  is, 
a  govemment  bond,  which  will  have  the  saiTie  value  as  paper  money.   Bonds  may 
be  purchased  in  State  and  Federal  banks  in  denominations  of  fifty  dollars 
and  higher.  Bonds  may  be  purchased  on  easy  payments,  which  can  be  made  for 
any  length  of  time  until  the  bond  subscribed  for  has  been  paid.  7/ealthier 
people  can  purchase  bonds  at  ^100,  ^500,  $1,000,  $10,000,  and  even  at  hundreds 
of  thousands  of  dollars. 

Information  on  this  matter  will  be  given  free  at  any  bank.  The  chief  con- 
cern is  good  will  on  our  part.  Since  the  guarantees  of  all  money  invested 
in  government  bonds  are  of  the  best,  and  since,  at  the  same  time,  one  can 


CD 

en 


I  G 


-  5  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwlazkowy,  June  5,  1917. 

have  the  happy  knowledge  that  adequate  weapons  are  being  made (for  use  against 
our  enemies  and  the  enemies  of  all  mankind)  with  this  money,  we  can  flatter 
ourselves  that  here,  too,  the  Poles  will  be  of  great  help  to  the  government, 
and  that  great  masses  of  them  will  purchase  United  States  Liberty  bonds. 


-CI 


V  :> 


C.T'' 


I  G 
III  H 


POLISH 


Dziemiik  Zwiazkowy^  May  5,  1917 


G2r;vrd«s  rhi:;arks  ai^cut  folaIvD 


(2ditorial) 

The  delegation  of  Chicaro  Poles  did  well  to  call  on  Janes  W.  Gerard,  United 
States.  Ambassador  to  Berlin,  in  order  to  hear  rror.  "Che  lips  of  this  official 
representative  of  the  United  States  in  GeriT:any,  v;ords  which  were  a  very  prave 
accusation  against  the  Germans  now  occupying  Polish  territory. 

Gerard  clearly  and  unequivocally  stated  that  the  Germans  are  guilty  of  not 
allowing-;  food  to  coMe  into  the  country  out  of  which  they  have  taken  all  the 
food  reserves  and  crops  which  they  found  there.  I'r.  Gerard  has  proof  of  this 
in  the  form  of  German  newspapers  and  photofrraphs  which  appear  in  then.  They 
are,  therefore,  directly  responsible  for  the  fact  that  hundreds  of  thousands 
of  Polish  people  are  suffering  famine.  Nevertheless  the  Germans  did  not  want 
to  adi.iit  this.  For  example,  the  semi-official  Korddeutscher  Allgemeine  Zeitung 


O 


I  g 

III  H 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkov/y,  I.'ay  5,  1917 


sorrie  time  ago  tried  to  explain  that  the  taking'  av/ay  of  Polish  v/heat  and  bring- 
ing it  to  Geriiiany  v/as  due  to  tne  "poorly  developea  Polish  railroad  systei.i"  and 
to  "conditions  prevalent  in  the  Polish  milling  industry"*  This  paper  asserted 
at  the  time  that  "Polisn  mills  are  not  equipped  to  (^-rind  damp  seed,"  and  there- 
fore, the  GerLians  took  the  entire  harvest  of  1915  and  1916,  promising  to  supply 
the  people  v;ith  flour  in  exchange  • 


Gerard's  testimony  suffices.  The  r'oles  will  remember  the  words  condemning 
the  Germans  for  bheir  nefarious  econoj.ic  actions  on  our  soil,  and  will  later 
kno^^  how  to  evaluate  properly  oLher  "cul:;urai  benefits"  of  our  sincere  /sic/ 
friends. 


"-) 


>o 


The  .^jnerican  ex-anbassadcr  pointed  out  another  fact;  namely,  the  reasons  behind 
the  : erman  idea  of  issuing,  on  i:ovember  5,  documents  establishinf  the  "Kingdom 
of  Poland".   It  is  true  that  the  facts  mentioned  by  Ambassador  Gerard  are  not 
news  to  us,  and  although  the  clear  description  of  these  reasons  does  not  come 


I  G 
III  H 


-  3  - 


Dzlennik  Zwiazkowy*  May  5,  1917 


POLISH 


to  us  as  a  surprise ,  because  all  of  us  knew  about  it,  neyertheless  the  con- 
firmation of  Polish  conjectures  by  the  off icictL  representative  of  the  United  States 
in  Berlin  has  tremendous  meaning  for  us  and  our  cause. 

The  Qermans  so  greatly  desired  **the  so-called  restoration  of  the  Kingdom  of 
Poland  by  them,  because  they  wanted  to  raise  an  army  of  Poles***  This  i^bassador 
Gerard  asserts ,  adding  at  the  same  time  that  **the  raising  of  this  amy  was  a 
complete  failure**  •  Is  this  not  the  greatest  recognition  and  honor  for  the  Poles 
of  the  Kingdom  district  of  PolandT"  for  their  political  wisdom  and  intelligence? 
Mr*  Gerard  did  not  need  to  add  that  **the  Poles  are  too  intelligent  and  too  clever 
a  nation  to  allow  themselves  to  be  caught  in  this  sort  of  trap,  and  sdlow  them- 
selves to  be  led  to  death  for  the  Central  Powers;  the  more  so  since  we  have  never 
heard  of  a  willingness  on  the  part  of  Germany  or  iUxstria  to  agree  to  the  return 
of  any  part  of  the  former  country  of  Poland,  which  is  now  about  to  be  restored** ♦ 

Further,  Ambassador  Gerard  mentioned  the  fact  that  the  Germans  were  most  provoked 
at  President  Wilson,  because  in  his  proclamation  he  asserted  that  every  nation 


I  G 

III  H 


-  4  - 


Dziennik  Zwlazkov/y,   r.iay  5,   1917 


POI ISH 


should  have  access  to  the  sea;  that  therefore  the  Germans  must  return  Danzig 
and  the  mouth  of  the  Vistula  to  the  Poles,  ;/hich  Gernany  does  not  \vant  to  do 
for  anything  in  the  wo rid • 

\Vhether  they  ;vant  to  or  not  they  will  have  to,  because  it  v/ill  not  be  they 
who  will  dictatie  the  peace  terras,  but  it  is  sufficient  to  mention  that  they 
well  understand  the  meaninf^  of  President  ^7ilson's  proclamation,  since  Mr. 
Gerard  made  a  point  of  mentioning  it.  Therefore,  they  are  thinking  about 
this  in  the  ^^overniient  circles  of  the  United  States,  and  are  taking  i-o  into 
consideration,  v;hich  for  zhe   present  is  sufficient  for  us. 


One  must  thoroughly  understand  the  importance  of  fonrier  Ambassador  Gerard's 
remarks  made  to  the  Poles.  V/e  iiust  remember  that  former  Ambassador  Gerard — 
as  we  know  from  other  sources — has  not  yet  ended  his  career,  and  that  he  will 
still  play  a  very  iruportant  role  when  the  peace  negotiations  take  place. 

The  important  iriatter  is  not  the  kind  of  information  given  us  about  Poland, 


I  g 

III  H 


-  5  - 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  May  5,  1917. 


POLISH 


but  the  person  and  the  official  status  occupied  by  the  person  at  the  time 
he  received  this  inf or.*iiation  at  first  hand* 


Gerard's  words — as  those  of  the  Ambassador  of  the  United  States — are  very 
important  because  they  reflect  the  opinions  of  the  official  circles  in 
7/ashington,  which  play  the  first  violin  in  this  war.  This  is  not  the  war 
correspondent  of  some  newspaper  who  speaks,  out  the  official  representative 
of  the  United  States,  which  one  day  will  be  the  highest  judge  and  court  of 
appeal  of  all  oppressed  nations. 

Looking  upon  :ur  interview  v/ith  former  limbassador  Gerard  in  this  light,  we 
will  first  be  able  to  recognize  its  importance,  because  all  Poland  will  be 
able  to  recall  the  words  uttered  by  hi:.!  on  May  3  at  the  Blacks  tone  Hotel, 
Chicago,  to  the  Polish  delegation. 


I  G 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zvdazkowy*  ^pr.  30,  1917. 


mn:  DEi-iFT 


(Editorial) 

The  Congress  of  the  United  States,  by  an  overwhelming  majority — one  can  almost 
say  unanimously — ^passed  the  conscription  bill  for  the  entire  country,  ac- 
cepting in  its  entirety  the  war  bill  introduced  by  the  government. 

Even  the  most  enthusiastic  supporters  of  this  bill  did  not  expect  that  the 
opposition  in  both  houses  of  Congress  would  diminish  to  such  an  insignificant 
number,  because  in  the  Lower  House  397  voted  for  the  bill  and  only  24  against 
it,  while  in  the  Senate  81  Senators  voted  for  the  bill,  and  only  8  against, 
and  these  last  few  who  voted  against  the  bill  were  known  from  previous 
filibustering  performances,  headed  by  La  Follette.  Even  Speaker  Champ  Clark, 
who  delivered  an  ardent  speech  against  conscription,  changed  his  mind  in  the 
end  and  voted  for  the  bill. 


^/ 


I  a 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


Dzieimik  Zv;iazkowy,  Apr.  30,  1917, 

This  vote  in  Congress  is  not  only  a  tremendous  victory  for  the  government 
in  Washington,  but  the  best  indication  that  the  states  are  getting  seriously 
to  work  to  defeat  the  Germans,  and  that  they  will  make  every  effort  to  help 
the  Allies  conquer  the  Teutons.  A  man  who,  today,  can  disregard  all  the 
traditions  of  the  past  in  regard  to  vjar,  who  can  in  one  day  cast  seven  billion 
dollars  on  the  side  of  the  allies,  and  on  the  next  day  introduce  the  militaiy 
draft,  will  also  know  hov;  to  persevere  to  the  end,  even  if  he  were  forced  to 
make  even  greater  sacrifices. 

Now  the  people  of  the  United  States  know  that  war  is  not  a  game  and  that, 
since  the  country  has  entered  this  v/ar,  it  cannot  be  concluded  without  a 
satisfactory  solution  to  the  problems  which  brought  it  on»  V/ar  demands 
innumerable  sacrifices,  but  the  whole  country  is  ready  to  make  them* 


"O 


CD 


At  the  same  time  that  it  passed  the  conscription  bill,  the  Senate  passed  an 
amendment  permitting  volunteer  corps  to  be  raised  in  the  United  States  which 
can  be  recruited  from  among  those  ifAio  do  not  meet  the  requirements  of  the 


I  G 


-  3  - 


POLISH 


Dziennlk  Zwiazkowy,  Apr.  30,  1917. 

draft,  either  because  of  age,  or  because  they  do  not  come  under  this  law. 
If  the  House  of  Representatives  accepts  this  amendment,  there  is  hope  that 
former  President  Roosevelt  ulll  secure  a  commission  to  organize  a  volunteer 
division  which  is  to  go  to  the  Western  Front  in  France.  On  the  same  basis 
the  government  could  sanction  the  raising  of  other  volunteer  divisions,  and 
then  the  Falcons  would  have  the  opportunity  of  raising  the  Kosciusko  Army, 
which,  at  their  special  convention  at  Pittsburgh,  they  offered  to  the 
President  of  the  United  States. 

It  is  true,  however,  that  the  conscription  bill  which  v;as  passed  Saturday  is 
not  quite  complete,  because  both  houses  have  not  as  yet  established  the  age 
limits  within  which  every  citizen  may  be  called  to  serve.   But  this  is  a 
trifling  detail  which  the  joint  Congressional  committee  will  settle  and  pre- 
sent to  both  houses  of  Congress. 


O 


CO 

to 


Since 


Therefore,  the  popular  vdsh  of  the  entire  nation  has  been  realized. 

the  volunteer  system  of  recruiting  men  was  a  disappointment,  the  government 


G 


-  4.  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik:  :>;iazkQVfy,  .ipr.  oO,  1917. 

had  no  choice  but  to  pass  the  conscription  bill.  The  les  on  ^-vhich  j]n£:land 
taugiit  the  v/orlci,  at  u  very  high  cost  to  herself  and  the  cause  of  tiie  .-J-lies, 
v:as  not  ignored.  The  liiited  otates  today  cannot  cormiit  the  saifie  errors  that 
others  havy  committed.  IIov/,  at  last,  those  in  Berlin  v;ill  understand  that 
all  their  calculations  on  the  disorganization  and  the  w'eLiicness  of  .xierica 
were  wrong. 

lihien  all  calculations  miscarry,  ;jiien  plans  begin  breaking  aovvn  in  all  direc- 
tions, then  the  fiction  of  power  will  no  longer  help,  and  they  nust  finally 
realize  that  they  cannot  conquer  the  world,  and  that  the  longer  the  v:ar  lasts 
the  greater  the  bills  v;ill  be,  and  the  greater  the  hatred  and  the  desire  for 
revenge.  Sor.e  of  the  German  newspapers  already  realize  this  full  well,  and 
the  entire  Gerrian  nation  v;ill  nov/,  no  doubt,  realize  that  the  passing  of  the 
conscription  bill  in  the  United  States  means  the-  eventual  aestruction  and 
complete  annihilation  of  Germanic  militarism  and  its  desire  to  conquer  the 
worlds 


'o 


CD 


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J-    ^.  ^ 
^  •^  v.. 


he  lienor  O:'   receivi.:--   oh;:;".  !:  :3   rallo:;  u  :o:.   tlu   IoIog,    -.3    /a   j^unti;'  aoservj, 


'>>-<•       .i.s^X    ^XX  ..t^.-V«.0-.«*,»^. .       -ivii^X   v>» 


^lx*^^j  ^-l    «^X  ^  ^      -  X    V^^  vy^..^  '         C>i^XlxL»--l'>.J         LX  \j   ■>  .--^  O  .  .A  .f  _     i  ^  ^  ^    KJ         ^     vy  _|,  X  ■-?  ii        v..     X  .  _^<   i  .^  -X  i  JWi  *^  X    w.'*iO    J 

:•.     h'chliiishi   -v.id  ;:r.    hcGt-jn ho.vs'ii,    .,i'.l  net    o:!!;-  ro  rojct    these  orf-an- 
izationn    but   tlij  :'our  hiiMc'red  tho-icand  holc;s    i:^    ';hica:^o  cis   ..e'.l.      hho  holish 
^^00-^13,    thr^'.;:^h  thor^e  t.;o   r-j-^r^::a:it-:itiVQS,    ;.i;  2.   ^-rjj":    thj    s:\iz. ye^vi^^r.   oi    the 


cour.trieG    -.lich  v;ill  restore  o  jp  lio/.olaiid,    frj 


v«..  >  ^  u  Vy  VX  • 


.X- 


I      Cr 
III      IT 

III  D 


Dziennik    Aviazkoi^vy,   .-^pr.    28,   1917, 


POLISH 


GRiLiT  :iCJD3  V^^'J:   B::]:^:  UTTiv^JD 


( LCditorial) 


Great  words  have  been  uttered  in  the  linrlish  larliament.   In  the  nane  of  the 
Govern  lent  of  Great  Britain,  Chancellor  of  the  jjxchequer  Bonar  Law  has  spoken 
for  the  first  tine  for  our  cause,  showinr^  the  clear  and  decided  intentions  of 
the  rillies  in  respect  to  .  oland. 

Chancellor  Bon-ar  Law  sincerely  welcomed  the  r.roclanation  to  the  Poles  of  the 
free  liussian  nation  and  declared  that  ''thanks  to  the  liberal  and  diplomatic 
activity  of  the  temDorary  Russian  r^overnment,  Poland  will  ar:ain  a-ooear  on  the 
horizon  of  international  life,  and  will  fulfill  her  duty  tofeth'^r  -dth  other 
nations  in  their  joint  efforts  for  the  conimon  .c^ood  and  civilization.   Cur 
efforts  in  the  v:ar  v/ill  be  aimed  in  the  direction  of  helpin.':  Poland,  in  order 
that  it  may  realize  its  unit;^^  within  the  boundaries  defined  by  the  Puussian 
proclamation  to  the  Poles,  and  on  the  conditions  that  v/ill  make  Poland  a 


V.' 


t^  ^ 


I  Q 
III  H 
III  D 


^  2  - 


Dzlennlk  Zwlazkowy^  Apr.  28,  1917 


POLISH 


strong  and  independent  country.** 

Tlierefore,  Poland  will  be  free  and  independent  on  the  conclusion  of  this  war; 
Poland  will  make  her  oura  decisions;  Poland  will  be  rid  of  foreign  protectorates; 
and  realizing  full  well  to  whom  she  owes  her  deliverance  and  unity,  will  stand 
guard  over  our  national  ideeds  as  a  bulwark  of  the  freedom  of  nations,  as  an 
impassable  wall  against  €dl  temptations  of  Germanic  dreams  of  conquering  the 
East. 


Poland  will  fulfill  her  duty  together  with  other  nations  and  will  share  in  the 
efforts  of  all  for  the  common  good  and  for  civilization.  To  irtiat  extent  Poland 
will  do  this,  depends  upon  how  she  will  appear  after  her  resurrection.  If  the 
nations  of  the  world  decree  that  she  will  be  strong  and  will  have  the  boundaries 
of  her  former  domain,  then  the  position  of  Poland  through  these  efforts  will 
be  great  and  perhaps  even  decisive  in  the  problems  which  she  must  confront  in 
order  to  develop  properly  and  to  work  harmoniously  toward  her  ideal. 


ro 


CD 

ro 


I  G 
III  H 
III  D 


-  3  - 


Dzlennlk  Zwlazkowy,  Apr.  28,  1917. 


POLISH 


Poland  and  Poles  clearly  realize  that  only  a  nation  irtiich  intends  and  is  able 
to  contribute  something  to  humanity,  can  win  a  place  for  itself  among  other 
independent  nations.  A  nation  ?rtiich  develops  its  strength,  its  culture,  per- 
fecting itself  and  its  ovm  individuality,  by  the  same  token  enriches,  by  new 
spiritual  or  material  benefits,  the  civilization  of  all  mankind.  The  entire 
history  of  Poland  shows  this  most  clearly,  and  one  does  not  have  to  look  very 
far  in  the  search  for  examples. 

Almost  fanatically  faithful  to  the  ideal  of  freedom,  constantly  seeking  to 
draw  our  program  of  activity  from  the  ideal  of  ''free  among  the  free  and  equal 
among  equals, '^  we  have  never,  as  a  nation,  known  how  to  "consolidate**  our 
assets  in  such  a  way  as  to  absorb  some  other  nationality.  We  never  sought 
battles  of  conquest,  and  never  broke  relations  with  others  nations  out  of 
greed  for  their  possessions,  their  land  and  property. 

And  thus  we  shall  remain.  He  will  not  permit  others  to  take  what  is  ours. 
We  will  resist  to  the  last  drop  of  blood  and  defend  every  foot  of  soil  soaked 


^c 


-  4  - 


Dzlennlk  Zwiazkowy,  Apr.  28,  1917* 


POLISH 


with  Polish  blood,  because  that  is  our  heritage  ffom  our  fathers,  our  most 
sacred  inheritance,  but  we  will  never  unite  oxir  cause  with  agressive  imperial- 
ism, or  with  €uiyone*s  aim  of  world  rule,  because  this  would  be  contreiry  to  our 
national  ideal,  to  our  conception  of  the  freedom  of  peoples  and  of  individuals. 

Our  people  gave  clear  proof  of  this  in  the  present  war,  vrtien  they  resisted 
witn  all  their  strength  the  temptations  and  promises  of  the  Centred  Powers, 
^en  they  did  not  raise  an  insurrection  in  the  Kingdom  district  in  Poland/, 
irtien  they  finally  gave  recruits  to  despised,  autocratic  Russia  and  embraced 
with  their  entire  being  the  cause  of  the  Allies;  in  spite  of  the  fact  that 
Russia  was  included  in  the  alliance,  in  spite  of  the  fact  that  the  temptations 
from  the  other  side  were  very  strong.  They  did  not  betray  the  Allied  flag 
even  ?*ien  the  Germans  after  occupying  the  Kingdom  used  all  sorts  of  tricks  to 
draw  the  people  over  to  their  side.  Even  the  temporaiy  State  Council  created 
by  the  Germans  in  Warsaw  did  not  yield  to  the  command  to  announce  compulsory 
military  service,  but  left  the  matter  of  participation  and  enlisting  in  the 
army  being  raised  in  7/arsaw  to  the  will  of  the  people  of  the  Kingdom,  because 


PD 


CO 

cr 


I  G 
III  H 
III  D 


-  5  - 


Dzlennlk  Zwlazkowy,  Apr.  28,  1917. 


POLISH 


common  sense  and  the  Polish  ideal  conquered  there.  And  this  happened  at  a 
time  when  no  one  dreamed  of  the  overthrow  of  the  Czar,  when  no  one  dreamed  of 
the  proclamation  of  freedom  for  the  Poles  by  the  Russian  nation. 

Today,  when  other  nations  are  following  Russia's  example,  when  the  Italian 
premier  demands  a  free  and  independent  Poland,  when  Bonar  Law,  in  the  name  of 
the  Grovernment  of  Great  Britain,  confiriiis  the  intentions  of  free  Russia,  when 
the  entire  French  press  clamors  loudly  for  compensation  to  Poland  for  the 
crimes  committed  against  her,  and  already  looks  upon  the  Polish  question  as 
solved,  when,  finally,  the  United  States,  in  which  Poland  has  its  best  spokes- 
man, has  Joined  the  side  of  the  Allies,  and  with  the  United  States  all  of 
America,  there  will  not  be  found  among  our  people  a  single  individual  openly 
admiring  the  Teutons,  with  the  exception  of  those  i«rtio  can  be  bought  and  who 
have  nothing  in  common  with  the  nation,  who  want  to  make  money  and  gain 
personal  influence  through  the  Polish  cause. 

Great  deeds  of  our  nation  will  follow  the  great  words  ?*iicli  are  now  being 
uttered  in  behalf  of  our  cause.  The  four  million  Polish  emigres  in  the 


^t. 


>-: 


I  g 

III  H 
III  D 


-  6  - 


Dziennik  Zwlaakowy,  Apr.  28,  1917 


POLISH 


States,  who  have  freedom  of  action  and  can  express  the  most  ardent  wishes  and 
desires  of  the  nation,  will  prove  this  to  the  best  of  their  ability. 

If  we  are  given  the  opportunity  to  fulfill  the  promise  given  at  Pittsburgh  to 
the  President  of  this  great  republic,  we  will  do  so  to  the  letter.  The 
Kosciusko  army  will  be  raised  if  this  is  within  the  bounds  of  possibility  and 
the  laws  of  the  government  of  this  country.  If  not  then  our  young  men  will 
join  the  United  States  army,  as  they  are  already  doing  in  all  cities  and 
settlements  where  Poles  live,  in  spite  of  the  fact  that  our  best  and  most 
patriotic  young  men  are  still  waiting  for  the  call  from  the  Falcons. 


We  cannot  defend  our  homeland  on  PoliGh  soil.  Therefore  let  us  join  up  under 
The  Stars  and  Stripes  in  order  to  defend  a  mutual  cause  with  joint  forces  and 
help  to  gain  a  victory  for  the  democracy  of  the  world  over  the  militarism  of 
Prussia,  to  gain  a  victory  for  truth  over  meanness  and  the  antithesis  of  free- 
dom, that,  throu^  this  bloody  baptism,  there  may  be  a  renascence  of  all 
humanity,  and  that  justice  and  universal  equality  may  reign  on  earth. 


TJ 


o 


I  g 

III  D 


rOLI.i;ii 


Dzien?:ik  ..v;ii^:.ovA^,    .vpr,    ^iu,    1j17 


PO 


J- J 


Yestordiiv  the  Tirot   >'-i*ou  :>  o£  ^oiii'li   recruit:;   in  IJnclo  J:^':^3  ^^ri..','  loft   fro::] 
the  recruitiii  ;  hur'-uu  in   ohe  .o±i^:h   .toiiun  Gutholic*  Ur.ion  Buil'in^^,    .llvuukeo 
.xvenue   arid  .lU  'usta  street.      This   rrow)  C0ii.;.l3ted  oi*  one  hunclrevl  ana  tv;entv 
rieii  \:Ysjy   prece  l3f"i   by  tlie  ^^lerican  fl-r-  an-;   a  drui>i  and  bui'ie  corps,  n^irched 
to  the  Main  recniitir'^'  station   in   the  Loop,   vdiorc  thep  aau   dir.ner*     -.^iX)vidcd 
v;ith   l'ooc   j\.tLiuno   thep  left   in  tlie   evo-iii'     h,     jyr  i  .   Tor  Jt.   Louis,    vdicre  thcp 
'•;ill   bo    o].aoed    in   a   c-i:nn,      ?her  nil]    con:^titutG      n   all-rolicli   co]in:inv   in   tno 
repir.ent. 

Yer:terdap'3  para':c  v;an   lov.    by  o  P*io:-'r::  oi'   the  .L   inncc  of  xolish  ...ilitar^r 
Societies.      The  men  carrioc    a  :'iT:  -rhicl    re-id:      "^lOlisii  Leys   for  u#   J.   .j.r:f.y." 


5 


r- — 


V.  . 


Before  tlio    •'r;r^•.de  otarted,    a   p.ictnre  n*ac   tai:cn  of  our  brai^c  ;'Oun7  nen.      be  nash 
ther."  the  b-ent  of  lueh  and    l>jnxt   thcp   rcturr-   as  victors  Vviihi  fieeorationc   for 
braver?/. 


I  G 

III   D 


'.OLlSil 


Dziennil: 


••»T    M 


-:kov;y,    ;.;;^r.    :::b,    1917. 


Tlio   rccruitiri'"  cTicc   continues  to  bo  o^j-n  in   olio  siune   uuildin^'7. 


r 
c. 


I  g 

III  D 
IV 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazlcowy,  Apr,  24,  1917 • 


EROa.  TIIE  polish  nEGRUITE^  oTaTION 


The  Polish  recruiting  station  at  the  Polish  Roman  Catholic  Union  Building 
has  aroused  a  great  deal  of  interest  among  Chicago  Poles, 

Since  Saturday  about  one  hundred  men  have  enlisted  in  Uncle  Sara's  army, 
Mr,  J,  3,  Konopa  and  T,  Kotlov;ski  drive  the  enlisting  men  over  to  the  main 
recruiting  office.   They  are  aided  by  Lr.  L,  Nyka, 

Saturday  there  v-^s  unusual  activity  at  the  Polish  PcOman  Catholic  Union 
Building,   In  the  evening  veterans  of  the  Spanish  V^'ar  marched  in,  headed 
by  Captain  Lanson  and  Sigismund  V/isniev;ski.  The  sound  of  bugles  and  drums 
awakened  war  enthusiasm  among  the  people,  who  yelled  hurrah  until  the  walls 
of  the  Polish  Roman  Catholic  Union  actually  shook. 

Captain  Lanson,  in  a  conversation  with  a  reporter  of  an  i\merican  newspaper, 
stated  he  had  never  seen  so  much  enthusiasm  and  zeal  at  any  other  station. 
He  announced  that  those  not  accepted  at  the  main  recruiting  office  at  526 


r- 


'-•^ 


I  G 
III  D 
IV 


-  P  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Z\viazkov;y,  ^ipr,  £4,  1917. 


South  State  Street,  should  come  to  him  at  Room  510,  Grand  Pacific  Hotel, 
Clark  Street  and  Jackson  Boulevard.  Ken  are  needed  as  mechanics,  cooks, 
etc.  for  the  quartermaster  Reserve  Corps  and  the  intendancy. 

Attorney  Leon  C.  Nyka  has  been  busy  right  along  i/iaking  out  first  citizenship 
papers.  Those  willing  to  enlist  in  the  army  will  receive  their  papers  without 
any  difficulty. 

Captain  Kenney  v;as  v.ell  pleased  with  the  turn  of  events.  He  said  that  the 
Poles  can  and  should  raise  their  own  regiment. 

Tuesday,  at  IP.  M.,  all  those  who  enlisted  at  the  Polish  recruiting  station 
are  to  meet  there  and  then  go  in  a  body  to  the  main  recruiting  office  down- 
town, thence  to  the  Jefferson  barracks  in  St.  Louis,  i^lissouri* 

Countrymen,  time  presses  I  At  any  moment  now  Congress  will  pass  the  Draft 
Bill  and  then  everyone  v;ill  be  pressed  into  service. 


I  G 
III  D 
IV 


-  3  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkov;y,  iipr.  24,  1917. 


Do  not  wait  until  you  are  grabbed  by  the  collar.  Join  nov;,  voluntarily! 
Do  your  duty! 

Captain  Kenney  said  that  with  such  enthusiasm  we  can  raise  a  regiment.  So 
far  only  901  boys  have  enlisted;  this  is  not  enough. 

Do  you  knov;  how  many  men  form  an  infantry  regiment  during  vjar  tiiiie?  To 
foim  an  infantry  regiment  21,642  officers  and  soldiers  are  required.  V/e 
are  very  far  from  this  number! 

V^en  are  you  going  to  join?  The  bureau  is  open  daily  from  9  A.  x.:.  to  9  P.  M. , 
and  on  Sundays  from  1  to  6  P.  M. 

Our  compatriots  are  given  every  help  and  consideration  at  the  bureau.  Those 
who  have  no  citizenship  papers  will  receive  them  without  any  red  tape. 
Application  blanks  can  be  filled  out  right  at  the  station. 

More  men  with  automobiles  are  needed  to  drive  our  boys  at  3  P.  IvI.  to  the  main 


I  g 

III  B 
IV 


-  4  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkovy,  Apr.  24,  1917 


recruiting  station  at  526  3outh  State  Street.  It  seems  that  everyone,  with 
the  exception  of  i»lr.  J.  S.  Konopa  and  Lj?.  Kotlovjski,  is  somehow  sleeping  on 
the  job.  V^lio  v;ill  volunteer? 

Anyone  wanting  to  join  the  army  for  the  duration  of  the  v;ar  should  be  under 
forty  years  of  age,  should  know  hov;  to  sign  his  najne,  and  should  be  able  to 
understand  English  after  a  fashion. 

Those  under  eighteen  must  have  the  consent  of  their  parents  or  guardians. 

Older  men  who  have  wives  in  Europe  should  register  as  unmarried. 

To  join  the  infantry,  coast  artillery,  and  engineers,  the  applicant  must  be 
at  least  5  feet  4  inches  tall,  and  weigh  not  more  than  190  pounds. 

To  join  the  cavalry  the  applicant  must  be  tv;enty-one  or  over,  not  less  than 
5  feet  4  inches  or  more  than  six  feet  tall,  and  his  weight  may  not  exceed 
190  pounds.  To  join  the  Mountain  Batteries  the  applicaiAmay  not  be  less  than 


"J* 


I  g 

III  D 

IV 


-  5  - 


Dziennik  Zvaazkowy,  Apr,  B4,  1917 


POLISH 


5  feet  8  inches  tall. 

The  miniraum  weight  of  an  applicant  of  twenty-one  or  over  for  general  service 
is  128  pounds;  applicants  under  this  weight  will  not  be  accepted. 


r-- 


cr 


I  G  POLISH 

II  D  10 

Dziennlk  Zwiazkov;^^   .^pr.    24,   1917  • 

REPORT  0?  HIE  TKK^UREK  OF  THE  P0LI3H  3EGTI0TT  OF  THE  iOXIED  BriZii/iE 

translator's  note:      Condensed  from  a  detailed  report  of  the  names  of   contri- 
butors,   societies,    etc.T"  '  ■ 

a 

Income ^7 ,  717  •  05  ^ 

Disbursements .^2,580>96 

Net  income ^5,136.09 

Sent  to  the  Central  Comraittee  of  the  Allied  Bazaar :,i-5, 100^00 

Balance  remaining  v;ith  treasurer  •  '4       36,09 

Note:   Because  certain  sums  have  not  yet  bjen  turned  in,  the  Gom:^dttee  of  the 
Polish  Section  is  keepinc  the  balance  until  it  receives  them.  Then  it  vail  send 
the  entire  amount  to  the  Central  Coi.imittee  for  the  relief  of  war  victims  in  Poland, 

The  sum  of  v21,034,73,  which  the  Central  Committee  of  the  Allied  Bazaar  allotted 
to  the  Poles  as  their  share,  has  already  been  sent  to  the  Centrtil  Polish  Relief 
Committee, 


I  g 

II  D  IJ 


-  2  - 


Dziemiir:  ^vaaz.covvy,  .^vpr.  24,  1917 


POLIi-H 


If  anyone — group  or  individual — is  not  sure  whether  his  contribution  has  been 
handed  over  to  the  Jomaittee  of  the  Polish  Jection,  he  is  invited  to  examine 
at  any  tine  the  books  and  lists  of  collectors  at  the  offices  of  the  Polish 
Wonen^s  iVlliance. 


Lucia  ..'olov.ski 

Treasurer  of  the  Polish  Section. 


P0LI3II 


III  3  2 
III 


IX 


Jzierinil:  ^wiazkovjy,   r-.pr.    23,    1917. 


Hi  TTIii:  LIA-I^IIR  Oj    "mL  IXoCIUJiIO  ^H^X 
From  the  Office  of  the  Conn^Andcr  of  the  /J.liance  of  Polish  Falcons 

Due  to  the   fact  that   in  tiie  past   fev/  days  a  rjreat  raany  requests  have   coi?.e   to 
our  office  for  infornation  as  to  the  results  of  the  proposal  made  by  the  last 
special  convention  of  the  ;dliance  of  Polish  Falcons   in  the  iriatter  of  raising 
the   "Kosciuslco  -ajnny^^   Circuit  liuriber  II  can  ans^/zer  only  that  at  the   present 
tine   it  cannot  becin  recruiting  on  a  larf;er  scale,   until  an  official  notice  has 
been  received   froii  the  './ar  Denartiaent   in  'Jashinp-ton. 


r 
J 


-<} 


'.without  an  official  notice.  Circuit  II  cannot  beciii  the  work  thvat  should  be 
begun  the  noment  the  request  is  granted,  \le   must  v/ait  for  tlie -notice  so  as  not 
to  collide  with  federal  recruiting;  authorities,  v;ho  have  already  begun  recruiting 
volunteers  for  the  regular  army  on  a  large  scale • 


This  matter  v/as  discussed  in  detail  at  the  last  meetinr;  of  the  Technical 


I  G 

III  B  2 
III  K 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zv/iazkov/y,  j\pT.   23,  1917  • 


Coirmission  of  the  Circuit,  v/hich  decided  to  issue  the  follov;ine^  notice  to  the 
various  llests: 

"Hec onmendat ion 

*Until  v;e  receive  an  official  notice  pernittin:;  us  to  raise  the  ♦Kosciusko 
Anny*  do  not  becin  recruiting  volunteers  on  a  larr:er  scale.   If  the  volunteers 
themselves  apply  for  enlistment  in  the  proposed  ^Kosciusko  .^i:\y\   co-operating 
v/ith  the  United  States  r^riny,  at  the  several  Falcon  I.ests  of  Circuit  II,  these 
should  be  listed  and  traininp;  {:^roups  should  be  formed  v/hich  should  be£:in  train- 
ing; at  once, 

"The  smallest  of  the  training  units  is  a  corps  composed  of  eirjat  men.     Zach 
corps  should  be  headed  by  a  corporal.  The   corrjriander  of  the  I.est  should  appoint 
only  such  men  as  corporals  v/ho  are  familiar  with  the  army  drill  and  knoxv  how  to 
handle  p.uns. 


-T3 


\ — 


no 


"The  corps  should  be  carefully  drilled  aceordinf^  to  the  first  lesson  sent  to  the 


I  g 

III  B  2 
III  H 


-   3  - 


POLIoH 


Dzienriik  Zwiazkov/y,   Apr.    .*33,   1917 • 


coMnianders  of  Nests   some  tijrie  a^o.     The  drills  should  procress  slowly,  v/ith 
special  care  beiiv;  talzen   to  carry  out  each  niovei.ient  v/ith  exact  precision.     Ilev/ 
subjects  are  not  to  be  taken  up  until   the  one  being  practiced  by  the  corps  is 
thorour;hly  understood  and  rtiasterod. 


t»T 


'O* 


If  any  one  of  the  coi.'nr.anders  does  aiot  have  the  first  lesson,  he  should  co:ne 
personally  to  the  office  and  ^^et  it. 

''Further  instructions  v;ill  be  issued  later. 

"In  the  event  that  volunteers  apply  for  enlistinent,  each  coninander,  subcoimander 

or  someone  especially  appointed  for  the  purpose  should  h..ve  a  special  book  in 

which  he  should  record  the  nai.ies  of  the  anolicants  in  accordance  v;ith  the  follow- 
ing  questionnaire: 


tT 


i.aine 


tfO 


^^» 


i-L' 


ddres; 


I  g 

III  B  2 

III  II 


-  4  - 


Dziennik  Zvaazkov/y,  Apr.  23,  1917. 


POLISTT 


:£-* 


J^^ 


"3.  Date  of  birth. 


*'4.  Place  of  birth. 


'*5»  Married  or  sinrle. 


*^6,  Dependents. 


"7.   Occupation. 


^♦8.  .'^e  you  a  citizen  oi  the  United  States? 
"9.  Do  you  have  your  first  papers? 
"10.  Did  you  serve  in  the  amy? 


"11.   In  v/hat  branch  of  the  service? 


I  g 

III  B  2 

III  11 


-  5  - 


Dziennik  Zwiazkov/y,  Apr.  25,  1917. 


P0LI3M 


^12.  3ducation, 


"13.  Are  you  physically  fit?. 
"14.  Have  you  ever  been  sick? 


"15.  Vvith  v/hat  disease? 


"16.  Have  you  got  good  eyesight? 


"17.  V/hat  languages  do  you  speak? 


"TO 

CD 


"All  those  who  enlist  v;ill  be  given  a  medical  exanination  the  r.ioment  our  request  :"- 
is  officially  granted. 


"At  this  meeting  the  Technical  Commission  of  the  Circuit  decided  to  begin 


cjr» 


I  g 

III  B  E 
III  H 


-   o   - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zv/iazkov/y,  Apr«   2;3,   1917, 


recruitinc  as  soon  as  possible. 


"An  Officers  Training  Course 

"Tlierefore,  all  members  of  Nests  of  Circuit  II  v/ho  are  familiar  vjith  the  basic 
principles  of  army  drill,  should  report  to  the  office  of  Circuit  II  within  the 
next  fevw  days. 

"This  course  will  also  be  a  preparatory  course  for  tlie  Officers  Training  School 
at  Cambridge  Springs,  where  those  v/ho  meet  the  necessary  requirements  v/ill  be 
sent. 

"To  the  Poles  of  Chicar-o  and  Surrounding  Territory 

"As  has  been  stated  above  in  respect  to  the  number  of  requests  for  information 
about  the  'Kosciusko  >irmy',  Circuit  II  of  the  /illiance  of  Polish  Falcons  cannot 
act  upon  the  proposal  v/hich  v/as  passed  at  the  special  convention  of  the  Falcons, 


-a 

;r7 


CO 

.  »./ 


I  g 

III  B  2 
III  H 


--  1  ■- 


Dziennik  Zv7iazkQv;y,   Apr.    23,    1917. 


POLISH 


until  this  proposal  in  all  its  details  is  officially  accepted  by  the  \/ar  Depart- 
ment of  the  United  States. 


"■\ 


"For  the  information  of  all  those  v/ho  wish  to  begin  training,  we  are  attaching 
a  list  of  the  Kests,  their  locations  and  days  of  drill,  v/here  aiiyone  may  apply. 

"Holy  Trinity  and  Jt.  Stanislaus'  Parishes 


f»T>'. 


Nest  Number  2.  Atlas  Hall,   dovmstairs,     iCinma  Street  near  Noble  Street. 
Military  drills  every  Thursday,   t^^nrjiastics,    every  Tuesday  and  Friday. 

"iNlest  Number  189.  Holy  Trinity  Parish  Hall.     Tr^-iining  Llondays  and  Thursdays. 


-a 


5^ 


T»  ^ 


St.  Kedv/ir/s  Parish 


'^lest  Number  192.  V/ebster  Hall,  corner  Hobey  Street  and  V/ebster  Avenue.  Training 


I  g 

III  B  2 
III  H 

every  Friday • 


-  8  - 


Dziennik  Zwiazko^vy,  Apr.  23,   1917 


POLISH 


''Crag in  Parish 
'^^est  Number  266.  Humboldt  Hall,  2159  Lorel  Avenue,  Training  every  Friday. 

"St.  Ann*s  Parish 
"Nest  Number  60.  Krupa's  Hall,  2059  V/est  19th  Street.  Training  every  Friday. 


-a 


"Nest  Number  132.  Bystrzynski's  Hall,  corner  19th  and  Leavitt  Streets.  Training  ; 
every  Tuesday  and  Thursday. 

"St.  Casimir's  Parish 

"Nest  Number  9.  Kurland^s  Kail,  2954  ;/est  25th  Place.  Training  every  Monday 
and  Thursday. 


o^ 


I   G 

III  B  2 
III  H 


-  9   - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zv;iazi:oviy ,   Apr.   2o,   1917 


^^"^Test  I.'umber  213.  Kov/arski*s  Hall,   2458  South  ./estern  Avenue.     Training  every 
Tuesday. 

"3rif3hton  Park  District 

**Nest  Kuraber  340.   Kosieradzki^s  Hall,   40th  Street  and  Sacraraento  Avenue.     Train- 
ing every  Tuesday. 

"Osniv7o   (Link)  Nest 

"Ilest  Ilui.iber  44.   Ogniwo  Hall,   515  DeKoven  Street.     Training  every  Friday. 

''Bridgeport  District 

^llest  Number  3.  Adam  LIickiev;icz  Hall,   3308  South  llorgan  Street.     Training  every 
Monday. 

"St.   Peter  and  Paul's  Parish 


CjO 
CD 

ro 
en 


''llest  Number  34.  At  3737  South  VJood  Street.  Training  every   Friday. 


I  G 

III  B  2 
III  H 


-  10  - 


Dziennik  Zwiazko\vy,  Apr.  23,   1917 


POLISH 


"Town  of  Lake  District 

"Nest  Number  35.  Cracow  Hall,  3512  South  llarshfield  Avenue.  Training  every 
Tuesday. 

"Nest  Number  37.  J.  Slov/acki  Hall,  corner  of  48th  and  Paulina  Streets.  Train- 
ing every  Monday  and  Thursday. 

••Nest  Number  105.  Pulaski  Hall,  4831  South  Throop  Street.  Training  every 
Tuesday  and  Friday. 

"South  Chicago  District 

"Nest  Number  71.  Janiak^s  Hall,  8400  Buffalo  Avenue.  Training  every  Tuesday 
and  Friday. 

/Translator's  note:  a  list  of  five  nests  outside  of  Chicago  has  been  omitted 
in  translation*/ 


err 


cr» 


I  a 

III   B  2 

III  K 


-   11  - 


D'^iennik  Zv/iazkov/y ,   Apr.   23,   1917. 


POLISH 


"At  this  laeetinf-  the  technical  commission  voted  to  muke  the  follov/in.;-  request  to 
trained  amy  officers,  imriting  the::,  to  co-ocerate  v;ith  us. 


''Trained  Officers 

•»It  is  knovm  that  there  are  many  Poles  in  Chicaf-o  who  r^raduated  from  military 
schools  in  Europe,  and  v;ho  have  had  practical  training  in  active  service.  There- 
fore, in  the  name  of  the  Technical  Commission  v/e  turn  to  them  v/ith  the  request — 
if  they  v/ant  to  serve  our  cause — that  they  call  personally  at  the  office  of 
Circuit  II  of  the  Alliance  of  Polish  Falcons  of  America,  at  1063  Llilwaukee 
Avenue,  or  telephone:  Llonroe  1477. 

"Vve  believe  that  no  men  havinf^  officer's  training  v/ill  refuse  our  request,  bat 
v;ill  share  their  laiov/ledf^e  and  experience  v/ith  those  v;ho  v;ant  to  serve  Poland's 
cause. 


"For  the  Technical  Commission  of  the  Circuit. 


''(Signed)  'J.  Suiev/ski." 


I  G 
III  D 


POLISH 


Dziaiinik  2:v/iazkowy,   r^pr.   23,   1917 


.rE  ARE  dliiig  cuk  duty 


(Editorial) 

Complaints  are  coining  in  Trom  all  sides  that  the  volunteer  s:  stem  of  recruit- 
ing rien  for  the  United  States  army  is  a  r.^eat  disappointment,  an:l  tliat  youi^ 
Americans  are  not  enlisting  with  the  eagerness  ttiat  ore  /:ould  expect.  These 
complaints  are  followed  by  cries  urging  the  government  to  take  the  necessary 
steps  to  pass  a  bill  dei.aanding  compulsory  military  training,  so  that  all  can 
do  their  duty  as  the  present  critical  times  demand. 

And  what  are  the  loles  doing  now?  laany  -vill  asK.  ^re  they  enlisting  voluntar- 
ily? Are  the^  ready  to  sacrifice  their  lives  and  fortunes  in  defense  of  our 
adopted  country  and  the  lofty  humanitarian  ideals  of  which  President  ./ilson  is 

the  champion? 


o 


I  G 
III  D 


—   *^   — 


rCLISK 


Dzieimik  Z;viazkowy,  Apr.  23,  1917. 


It  is  difficult  to  answer  these  ciuestions  clearly  and  definitely,  oecause  we 
lack  statistics  showing  how  niany  :  oles  have  already  enlisted  in  Uncle  Sam's 
army,  yron  what  we  can  £-ather  from  the  activity  of  the  srrail  number  of 
recruitirg  bureaus  stationed  in  the  Chicago  Polish  neighborhoods,  we  can 
definitely  state  that  /oles  are  enlisting  in  the  army  and  want  to  do  their 
duty  as  befits  citizens  of  this  country  and  sons  of  -oland,  which  is  now 
returning  to  life. 

Zven  if  the  number  of  volunteers  is  not  as  great  as  the  size  of  our  popu- 
lation would  indicate,  v;e  do  have  an  excuse. 


It* 


O 


CD 


Cur  fiery  arji  eager  youi^^  inen  are  waiting  for  the  final  answer  to  the  re- 
quest nade  by  the  .-alliance  of  Iclisii  Falcons  at  its  special  convention  at 
Pittsburgh,  where,  at  the  suggestion  of  our  Ignace  Paderewski,  it  was 
decided  to  ask  the  government  to  permit  us  to  raise  a  100,000  strong 


I  g 

III  D 


Dzierjiik 


'6 


.'.:iazkQV»y, 


POLISH 


ADP. 


^^ 


1917. 


army  of  Poles,  \.rAoh  v;ould  place  itself  as  a  uiiit  under  the  cor.rriand  and  leader- 
ship of  the  r:oYernniGnt  in  exchance  for  the  privilege  of  bearinc  the  naine  of 
Kosciusko  /ii^c'* 

This  recuest,  rcccrdinG  to  the  information  available  at  present,  has  not 
yet  been  for:.;all:'  .jranted.   .,e  can  assu]:ie  that  the  obstacles  are  so  great 
that  it  ..ill  be  difficult  for  the  coveminent  of  the  United  States  to  grant 
this  request.  ".;e  can  deduce  that  the  novernnent  v;ill  not  break  its  rules 
for  the  Poles  v;hon  it  coes  net  do  so  for  other  nationalities.  Iiov/ever, 
these  suppositions  are  not  a  formal  settlement  of  the  matter. 

That  is  v;hy  vie   are  ?/aitinf*  for  the  formal  solution  of  the  i.jatter.  If  the 
recuest  of  the  Poles  is  granted,  our  youn^  men — v/e  believe  this  firnily — would 
hasten  by  the  thousands  to  enlist  in  the  ranks  of  the  Kosciusko  Army,  which 
v/ould  consist  in  the  first  place  of  our  Falcons  and  our  rdlitary  societies.  If 


-X) 


re 

CD 


CD 

ro 


T    G 
HI  D 


-   4    - 


Jsiennik  Zwiazkov/y,    /ipr.    23,    1917. 


.trashingtcn  is  unable  to  rrant   our  request,    those  yoniu'  ir.en  v/ho  are  aivaibin^^- 
the  call  from  the    aiiance  or   .olish  ialcons,    am    lor  this    reason  have  ::ot  yet 
ei. listed,    will  vvillin^^ly  enlist   in    ^he   re(^ular  amy, 

I.eveitheless,    v;e  are  doing  ain   raust  do   our  duty.      ..e  knov/  that  at  the  last 
moment  inporta^  t  confere..ces  are    .oinf  iield   in  Jhicaro     etiveen  our  leade:-s 
an.    I.--nace  Padere^/ski.      he  su,  e*estjd   t..ij   plan  and   possesses  all  data  and 
necessary  information.      It    is  pos^-:iLle  tliat    in  the   next  few  days  vie  will  know 
what  v;e  siiould  do,      ..e  are   i^tierefore   .v^aitim;   Latiently  for   the  decision,    hop- 
inr   tnat   it   .iiy   cone  sooix.      ri::ie   is   pressing-,     :nd  v/e  ao  not    -ant  our  ycunf^ 
men,   v;ho  are  ii:;patient   to  ^et  to   .;ork,    to    le  classed  a..ionr   those   called 
''slaC::ers"   and   to  be  spoken  of  v/ith  contempt,    because  they  earr.estly  desire 
to  f:,ive   their  services   to   this   country  and  do   their  duty. 


-TC' 


V, 


I  g 

III  D 

IV 


rOLISII 


Jzieiini::  Z,\;ia::::o'7:\  .^pr.   ::o,   1217  • 


o.  ^1. 


>> 


oatviTday  at  9  -^..  :,  .   the  Tirst  Irolis/.  recruitinc  station  v/as  opened  at  the 
Polish  Honan  C"^tholic  Lnion,  I.  ilv/aulcee  .vvenue  and  ^i-u^iista  Street,   for  vol- 
unteers to  the  ref^ilar  nrny  of  the  Lnited  Jtates* 

J.   S.   llonopa,    secretary  of  the  Polish  P.onan  Catholic  Inion,    .;•   Qoralski, 
T.  PozloTTshi,    forrLer  corporal   1\\  the  ..merican  an.iy,    -nd  J.   Skibinshi,    editor  of 
the  biv;eel:ly  Pree  Poland >   v;ere  authorized  by  Officer  .-ranlclin  P..   l.enney,   chief 
rec27uitinc  officer,    to  accept  volunteers  to  the  rnnlis  of  Lncle  JainPs  aritiy. 
Ihey  '.•■ere   inforr.e:!  in  detail  of  conditions  in  t;ie   ctmy  and  v/ill  thus  be  able 
to  rive  those   interested    .11  the  necessary   infomation. 


CD 


ro 
or* 


liie  nevi  recruit inc  bureau  v/as  open  Saturday  froi:i  9  -^..P*   to   9  i  ..  .   and  yesterday 


I   G 
III  D 
IV 


i-CLISII 


Dzieniiik  Zv/iazIccvA^,  -^'or, 

—    —    —    —    —  —  —  —  —  —  — ~-  —   —    —         '  "^ 


25,    191?. 


^imclayT"  iron  1  tc   G  I-.   \  .     i.inety  volunteers  have  already  enlisted,     he.ivj 
have  received  tLo  :iece3sar\    infonic.tion,    nnd  nany  are   still  appl^/inc* 

ihe  bureui:  v;ill  be   or-en  every  day  for  the  convenience  of  those   interested, 
fhereiore,   anyone  v;ho  is  younr  and  liealthy,   v;ho  realizes  that  v/e  cv/e  much  to 
the  Lnited  otates  for  taking  us  in  and  ci^i^C  ^s  freedoiii  and  protection,   U'Lo 
is  not  a  cov/ard  but  a  uanly  descendant  of  Ghrobry  ^oleslav/  Ohrobry,   a  rolish 
l<±n£T  ^nd  Kosciusko,    should  hasten  to  hel-n  the  Inited  Jtates   in  its  fight 
against  hui.anity^s  f:reatest  e^ncri;)' — the  Gerraans. 

The  'ioles — as  Captain  ]:Qn::^ey  says — -^re  c^od  material  for  the  ^jr.erican  arir.y, 
not  only   i:i  the  ranks  but  as  officers  as  ;/ell. 

^♦I  have  alv/ays  been  of  the  OTiinion,"  said  Captain  henney,    "that  tlie  Poles  are 
loyal  citizens  of  this  country,     roles  are  brave.     .^  lole,   and  1 


PQ-^ 


'  -*  s  from 


tki 


-a 


'-0 


I  0 

III  D 
IV 


Dziennik 


-  3  - 


.v;lazkov/y,  Apr. 


POLISH 


7 


personal  experience,  ::laced  a^Tionr;  other  ::en  is  f.cre  skillful  and  therefore 
deserves  promotion  faster  than  i.ien  of  other  nationalities.*^ 

This  is  an  .vinerican  captain's  opinion  of  us  .oles. 

.<e  are  happy  about  this  pood  opinion,  and  we  should  strive  to  keep  it  by 
enlisting  under  the  otars  and  stripes  of  Uncle  Iji^, 


I  G 
IV 


POLISH 


Dziennik  ZviisiZi^'Ovrj^  Avr.   21,    1917. 

FOLiis  .iits  ::oT  iiiJELJi:;^  oj'  the  xji:it2d  3t;vTes 

A  Delegation  of  Tiventy-f ive  Poles  Oalls  on  Attorney  Clyne 

A  delecation  of  txventy-five  influential  Polec,  represontinr,  the  Poles  v;ho  have 
come  to  the  United  States  froia  Pozen  an.  Galicia  and  headed  by  Julius  F, 
Smietanka  and  Francis  X.  Rydzexvslci,  called  on  County  Prosecutinp,  Attorney 
Gl^rnc  yesterday  in  a  YOirj   iiiportant  ];iattcr.   Since  the  declaration  of  a  state 
of  v;ar  by  President  v;ilson,  the  Poles  fron  Poc'.en  have  been   considered  as  encny 
aliens  by  tiie  iUnerican  .^.ovomrient.  According  to  the  Federal  authorities,  they 
are  to  be  treated  like  C-Grniuns.  Since  President  ./ilson's  declaration,  the  Poles 
fror.i  Pozen  have  been  unable  to  receive  either  their  f ir.st  or  seconcl  citizenchip 
papers. 

This  is  a  ^veat   blov;  and  a  r;r?j.ve  injustice  to  us  Poles,  ^^re  we  to  suffer  in 
the  United  States,  too,  because  in  the  past  our  eneny,  Ihrourh  dastardly  raeans 
and  by  criminal  actions  behind  our  backs,  succeeded  in  subjecting:  us? 


Trie  delegation  explained  the  Flatter  in  detail  to  Prosecuting  Attorney  Cl^aie, 


I  g 

IV 


"  2  ^ 


Dziennik  Lv/iazkouy,   Apr.    21,   1917 


POLISH 


requesting  that  the  unjust  appellation  of  eneiry  aliens  be  reroved  fi^oii  the 
Poles,   and  t'.iat  no  obstacles  be  placed  in  the  path  of  their  receiving  their 
citizenship  papers. 

Clyne  v;ould  not  (zive  the  delegation  any  definite  ansiver.     lie  admitted,   hovjever, 
that  the  demands  of  the  Poles  v/ere  junt,    and  asked  them  to  cone  back  to  hiiri 
Llonday . 

This  matter  ouglit  to  be  r.iven  ever-j  consideration  by  the  Federal  authorities. 


O 
CD 


V/e  believe  thsit  the  r':,ovemment  of  the  United  otates,   v;hieli  has  always  championed 
liberty,   v;ill  not  treat  us   as  enemies  simply/  because  v;e  have  lost  our  freedom 
ar,ainst  our  ivill  as  the  result  of  the  lav/lessness  Oi*  our  invaders. 


I  G  POLISH 

III  D 

liarod  Polskij  Vol,  XXI,  No.  16,   April  18,  1917«   WpA  ('* '  )  PROJ  30275 

AN  APPEAL  (Editorial) 

The  die  is  cast»  The  chief  cT  our  grand  Republic,  President  Wilson,  has 
declared  war  on  the  Geriiian  government,  in  the  belief  that  peace  cannot 
reign  with  the  present  Genaan  government;  that  the  democracy  of  the  world 
is  threatened. 

In  the  history  of  the  United  States  a  memorable  day  shall  be  written.  The 
men  of  the  nation  prepare  for  the  defense  of  their  rights,  in  defense  of 
their  liberty,  in  the  hope  of  a  speedy  realization  of  their  objects  of 
peace  throughout  the  world. 

You  PolesI  In  this  vital  moment  stand  behind  the  President  of  the  United 
States,  gather  under  the  Star  Spangled  Banner,  our  adopted  flag,  the  flag 
that  represents  liberty,  so  dear  to  our  hearts* 

Kosciuszko  fought,  and  Pulaski  fell  for  this  grand  cause,  hundreds  of  oijir 
men  fought  in  the  civil  war  -  toda^/  we  will  find  thousands  of  sons  of 
Poland  in  the  various  arms  of  service.  All  are  eager  to  forfeit  the  last 


I  G 
III  D 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


i.arod  Polski,  Vol.  XXI,  iio.  16,  April  18,  1917.      ,.  ,,n  .  droJ  30/./& 


drop  of  blood  for  the  flag,  the  flag  of  freedom,  the  flag  of  our  adoption 
for  these  United  States* 

We  shall  respect  the  fla^.  of  this  Republic  still  more  in  this  hour  of  strife 
and  call  upon  all  our  fellow   countrymen  bo  be  loyal,  to  fulfill  all  duties 
which  they  may  be  called  upon  to  per :'orm  for  this  country's  sake. 

With  the  slogan  for  "your  and  our  liberty"  we  will  gather  under  the  Star 
Spangled  Banner,  singin,^  the  song  of  our  adopted  country: 

"And  the  Star-Spangled  Banner  in  triumph  shall  wave 
"O'er  the  land  of  the  free  and  the  home  of  the  brave." 


h 


m 


1        vi 


VJ    ,l0.1 


Jzionnlk    ^v/iazkcrr,   ,-^-pr.   1^,   IQIV 


(  editorial) 


The  i  r3sidGrit  of  tlie  jnited  states  i^-s   issued  tv/o  lorcclai'iLitions   to  the  ^^ocplo 
v/itliin  tli3   last  fev;  days — botli  vorr  i:.i  ortant  am   v;ortir'  of  serious  considercition. 


Ti  the  rirst  T^rocla^.ation — or  rat  ..:?r  arueal — thu  rrosident  calls  the  atoen- 


tion  of 


tho  oeo.-le  to  the  fact  tl^  t  the  tiio  of  trial  for 


-•-:".arica  has   coiio 


and  tlxut,    therefore,   vie  -Tiust  all  co-opeiVitc.     :'e  ashs  all  the  i^eo   1.,  to  put 

forth  their  bast   product ive  efforts  and  to   exercise  every  econoiiy  in  private 

life,    because  na/;   the  United  ..^t-ites  ii'ost  rrovide  ovei'^'thin^^   not   onl"'^  for 

itself  and  its  am:-  but  also  for  zho  arir.ijs   ,-.nd   ■':>eo^')l'^  of  the   allied  countries, 

v-;hich,    tcp-ether  v/ith  the  United   .states,    are   stru5:::lin:_-  in  the  battle  against 
the  Ueutons. 


3:*  co-ono-atinr:,    hy  na'cinc  the   necessar:"  sacrifices  for  the   coni^aon  cause 


"■r.-i  > 


I   G 


O 


1917. 


by  underst-mdin:-;  that  each   of  us  ^s  a.:   inte'-ral   -'irt  of  the  hu(j:e   ./ar  -achine 
and  that  by  oco-o:nizin^''  at  \\o:\e — -^lantinr:  vjc^^i^able   gardens,   v;c2\:inr:   inten- 
siv:l7   in  factOx^i^s   and   .-ailroadG,    ^ov/inr,    ^Ic/in^,   or    -atharin--   the  iiarvest 
0:1  the   larns — evorr^one  bGCo::3S   an  e-.uair^  ur>orul  chanpion  serviu^j  tae   ideals 
for  :vhicii  the  best  sons   o,;  this  natio..  are   n  v/  ta":inG  up  an  is  :jid  ready  to 
sacrifice   their  lives, 
vie  .or"% 


.;ithout  co-o" oration  there   cannot   be  a  con.)lete 


..e  f'olos,   as   y^art  of  tliis  .■-reat  nation,    cannot   ro:iain  indifferent  to  the   ef- 
forts  of  tais   ccxiLr:".      If  aot    .Iio   first,   at  least  v/e   MiLst  njver  be    the   last  I 
.•3  nus^   always  re-.eaber  tnat,    in  this   ^ii-antic  sorucclQ  v/hich  is   nov/   entering 
upon  its  taird  -'ear,    our  future  is   beiny   decided;    tliat   iii  tli2    conplete  des- 
truction of  the  audacious  feutonic  rjii::hts  of    the    Jross   and  in  tlie   victory 
of  the  de::iocracies  of  the  v/orld — v/jiich  are  na^;  united  acanst  the   -eutons  in 
a  powerful  alliance  of  elavic,   ._^.tin,   and  .jvao-iaxon  nations—lies  our 


CD 


Co 

ro 


I   0 


r» 


Dziennik  ..v/iazkovr,^,   .^^i*.    13,    1G17, 


Vhorof oro , 


delivoranco,    -.nd  ul)at   throurji   it   i^roodoM  .;ill  be   '^ranted  lolaiid, 

over  and    above  our  duti^3G  aG   citizan^   oi*  this  countr^',   v;e   'uv.   tliS    dut'^  oi* 

'J  w 

deliverin^^  PoLind,    for  v/liich  toda;-^  ti.era  lco:n5    th-j  one  uiid  only  hope  of 
freedom, 

"-Te  ./ho  has  double  duties  noedj  doublj  3trer.,r:th  to  carr-  then  out,   and  so  he 
must  consolidate  and   conserve  his   encr;;-  in  or_.er  to  be  able  to  fulfill  liis 
duties    ade^.uately  instjad  o:^  fnllin  '   bv  the  //ayside  un;er  the  load,       ;e   still 
riBod   a    Te.it  deal  of  this    3tr.n:'th  in  or<ier  that  l;..ter  v;e  :iav   jreathe  deev.'ly 
and  fr'-jl7  and    enjo:^  the  fruits  of  our  present   labors   :nid  efforts   toz-ether 
V7ith  other  nations  of  th^i)  v/orld.     Therefore,   we  should  nn''  snocial  hoed  to 
the  President's  call  and   nrove   that   .:q  'oiav  hov;  to  be   intellir^ent  v;hen  tii'ie 
and  circumstances   demand  this   of  us. 


1]!  the   second  proclamation  the   -  re.  ideut    ta-zes  u^^  a  matter  closel^^  related 


I  '} 


-    t    - 


Dziennik  ^.v/iazko./y,   -^^t.    1G,    1917. 


to  the    "irst — t.ie  r.iattur  of  p.otjctinc  the   coimtry  a;;;:j.i]ist   intariial  and  foroiGn 
nanies,    in  .vuich  "Uask  v/e  all  should   co-opemto. 


If  ;;a   are  to    ..or>  hard  at  our  jobs   in  factories  and  Mills,  v/e  v/ant  to  be  pro- 
tected.     Cn  the  f arris,   too,    .ve  :vant   the  ::roducts   of  oui-  labor  to  reach  the 
consa-iers  on  tine,    so  that    tlia   factor:v'  v;orkers  :aay  not    suffer  Jiun^:er  in  the 
ev'^Tt  tjiat   transportation  of   foodstuffs  be  disrupted  by  the   (fiestruction  of 
bridces  and  railroad  tracks. 


•no 


^n 


when  a    vorian  •')reT^ares  dinner  for  l:er  husband  or  son,    she  '.-ants  to  be  reason- 
ably sure   \:int  he    :ill  cone  hone  to   enjoy  it,   and  not   be  blov;n  up  togetl^er 
v/ith  tlxi    factor:^  in   ..hich  he  '/oris   o -■  killed  while  v/orkin^  on  tlie   railroad 
iS  a  result  of  some  nefarious  plot. 

If  our  soldiers  or   sailors  ;:o   to   .;ar,    they  want   the    assurai.ce  tint  no  one  will 
botra^"  nilitnr^^  novoinents  to  the   enem^,^  and  tliat  no  one  v;iil  expose  nilitar:r 


-   5   - 


:.>p-^  TOTT 


i^zionnik  .^v;iaz  .o'v^%   ..]:r.    Ic,    191/. 

I  I  I  !■■■■■  l''      I    '  *  ' 

saci'Gts   to  the  v/crld  and   ohus    c-^.use  the   defeat  oT  tir    entire  amy.       jid  the 
soldiers  -^re  not  the  onl^^  ones     ho  have    Uie   rirht   to  deriand  tuis — the  "J30r>le 
or  the  v/hole  nation  share   tliis   rip;ht. 


liecausv   oi*  the  heterofeneou3   character  o2   tlia  po::ul'iticn  oi*  the  Unii^ed  Jtaoos, 
tliere  Jia:'  be  individuals  vrho  bear  a   ':re  ter  love   for  their  compatriots  nov; 
fightin^'  on  the  ot^ier  side,    i:  dividuals  v/iio  ..culd  r^xt-ier  helri  their  old 
Gcuntr:^  tlian  the  count r;^  in  vjhich  the/   are  nov;   livinf>      therefore,    it   is 
uuite  po.ssible  thai,  they  i.ay  co:,Lait   such  acts  as   .-.ill  help  tb^   enaaies  of 
the  United  .states,    acts  v/hich  are  universally  consiuered  as  treachery  a£;ainst 
the  Stat 


^ . 


It  is  against  such  individuals  that  /resident  .ilson  ..'ariis  the  nation — and 
he  v/arns  the  inuividaals  br  rer.indin^  then  of  the  severe  nunishnent — the 
death  penalty — ^^/hich  any  sort  of  hostile  action  acainst  the  ;tate  entails. 


Co 


I  c 


-     D      - 


POLISH 


Jziennil:    .v;iazkov/y,   ,:x±\   IS,    1917. 


"-^ut   not   only  those  '.;ho  comait   acLs   Ox*  troaci.er:''  an-iinst  the  state  arc  oUilt7- 
also   :":uilt:^  are  t-iose  v;ho  ccnoal  tiusa  criraes,    those  v;ho,    -cnov.int"  about   the 
intentions   or  nlots  o-?  the  :.'ialeiaci>o:r*s,   liecp  silent  instead  oT  tellin.-^   the 
authorities,    so   that   these  cri.iinal  -actions  i.iav  bo  sto  ;7ood  in  ti.-^ie. 


^o  report  to  t'le   authorities   any  activity  of   tliis   .\ature   is  not   aji  act  of 
esT^ion  -re,      \e  .;oula  be  a   crrainal  and  ririlefactor  .nio  v/ould  r.ot   report   the 
ulots  or  inteiitions   Oi.*  the   eno-::iies  of  the   countr^r  to  the   T)ro:-.er  authorities— 
enenies  who   dare  to   nlot   ::::.\inst   the  Uiiited   -tates,   c.nd  v/ho,    by  all  :3orts  of 
acts  'vould   snoil  th^  v/or  .   .;hicn  ;ve  all  .vant    to   ao    iointlv. 

Therefore, 't   is  nov;  our  d^.t:-  not  on";-^  to  obey  all  laws   and  oVoid  doin,:;   -iny- 
triinp-  .,,.ich  na^^  even  cast   tlu   sli-^htest    susnicion  unon  us   o"-    aidin-  tlie 
Germans  and  ti:eir  allies  but  also  to  observe  carefully  ever:.i;hin::  about   us. 
In  zh^    eve^.t   of  discoverinp-  anythinr:  v/ronr,   v;e  should    infer: .  the  authorities 


r— 
J.— I 


^.T' 


T    n 


-   7    - 


•0LI3i 


^•-r  ■)  .'^  -^  ">^ 


^  _ 


:o 


"Tr 


^rr.    IC,    1017 


clearly  -ind  opanly,    Iti   tl.j   lciov;ladf:e   that   .'0  ';re  doiii  •  our   civic   duty  not 
onl'^''  tov;ard  thin    coimtr-^   bu-D  to-.;ard   ■  ol-.nd   as  ".;ell. 


•  rj 

*  '.I  • 


I 


I   G 
III   D 


POLISH 


Polonla,    Vol*   XII,    No.    15^    April   12,    1917. 

POLISH  LOYALTY 


WPA  (!LL)?R0J.3027S 


Poles,  when  not  engaged  in  battle  for  their  own  freedom,  have  shed 
blood  for  the  principle  of  freedom  in  every  other  part  of  the  globe, 
but,  be  it  to  their  honor,  they  have  never  battled  for  a  cause  which 
was  not  just. 

Distinguished  were  their  services  rendered  to  America  in  every  con- 
flict from  the  day  of  the  Revolution  to  the  present  time.  V^hole  regi- 
ments fought  in  the  Civil  'Var,  and  today  four  and  a  half  million 
citizens  of  our  race  by  birth  or  extraction,  resident  in  America,  are 
well  represented  in  the  army  and  navy. 

The  average  American  does  not  well  understand  Poland's  position.  V/e 
are  neither  Austrians,  Russians,  nor  Crermans.  We  are  Poles  striving 
as  a  nation  for  complete  f reedom* 

Poles  have  every  recson  to  be  grateful  to  America  for  the  asylum  she 


I  G 
III  D 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


Polonia, .Vol*  XII,  No.  15,  April  12,  1917 


•'  ( 


has  furnished  them  from  foreign  oppression  and  now  even  more  grateful 
for  the  sympathetic  reference  to  Poland  by  its  great  President  in  his 
address  to  the  Senate* 

Poles  will  be  ever  loyal  to  America,  and  especially  at  this  time  can 
America  depend  upon  them.  True  to  their  tradition,  they  will  rally 
to  her  flag*  They  are  born  soldiers,  great  numbers  have  had  military 
training  in  the  old  country  and  will  now  offer  their  services  to  their 
adopted  country. 

We  notice  anxiety  on  the  part  of  manufacturers  employing  foreign  labor 
in  their  plants.  We  say  to  them.  If  you  employ  Polish  labor  that  is 
your  best  insurance.  And  to  such  Polish  employees  we  might  say.  Bear 
in  mind  that  there  are  other  ways  of  being  of  service  to  your  adopted 
country  besides  taking  up  arms  in  its  defense. 


^ii:}\.^^ 


v.^4  O 


Tens  of  thousands  of  you  are  engaged  in  manufacturing  of  every  description 


I  G 
III  D 


-  3  - 


Polonla.  Vol.  HI,  No.  15,  April  12,  1917, 


POLISH 


Political  fanatics  with  interests  inimical  to  America  will  seek  to 
cripple  her  industries  by  plot  and  conspiracy*  It  is  your  duty  to  be 
watchful,  keep  your  eyes  open  and  ears  to  the  ground.  Should  you  hear 
or  have  reason  to  suspect  anything  ^Tong,  immediately,  but  carefully, 
inform  your  superior  or  the  government  authorities.  Guard  the  plants 
as  if  they  were  your  own,  and  this  applies  to  every  line  of  industry 
and  endeavor.  Thus  will  you  show  your  loyalty  and  best  serve  your 
fatherland. 


PRO  J.  30276 


Do  not  forget  you  are  Poles,  not  Austrians,  not  Germans  nor  Russians, 
and  above  all  properly  register  as  such  when  applying  for  a  position. 
Many  Poles  are  still  interned  in  Canada  as  Germans  and  Austrians 
because  of  improper  registration. 


(, 


I  G 
III  D 


POLISH 


imrod  Polski,  Vol.  XXI,   I^o,  15,  April  11,  1917. 


WAR  mm  GERIilAl^Y 


■»  <  -  > 


(ILL)  PRO J.  30275 


The  United  States,  our  beloved  and  dear, 
is  in  dandier.  Most  any  day  vdll  come  the 
cone  a  sumiiions,  to  place  on  the  altar  of 
what  is  dearest  to  us  -  our  property  and 
nations,  in  the  name  of  people*  s  rights, 
one  of  the  worst,  eternal  enemies,  again 
ing,  the  Starry  Standard  calls,  the  amy 
izing. 


even  if  only  adopted  fatherland, 
call:  To  Amsi  Most  any  day  will 
that  Free  and  Great  Republic,  that 
life»  In  the  name  of  the  oppressed 
so  terribly  abused,  and  against 
t  Cerr.anyl  Great  Tr-cnents  are  pass- 
of  Kosciuszko  is  already  organ- 


Poles,  let  us  be  readylll   In  the  name  of  sacred  watchwords,  in  the  name  of 
our  oppressed  Fatherland,  for  our  liberty  and  that  of  oppressed  nations, 
there  falls  to  us  a  part  in  an  honorable  struggle. 

Let  us  be  preparedl  Polish  wanderer,  emigrant,  Polish  youth  and  you  beloved 
rustic  Polish  man,  you  descendant  of  Kosciuszko,  v/ho  fought  for  the  liberty 


of 


tv7c  v/orlds,   be  readyl 


I  G 

III  D 


POL  ISH 


liarod  Folski,  Vcl.  XXI,   l:c.   KS  April   11,   1917*        WPA  (ilL)  PROJ.  3027S 


Be  preparedlll      Get  in  position  ard   train   -  the   Starry  Standard   calls, 
behirjd  vmich,   yonder  in  the  distance,    is   the  V^Tnite  Eaglel 


I  g 

III  B  2 

lY 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Ziv/iaskovn'     .■.:-r.   7,   1917. 

Til.  i:.TioN:i}-  na^u^T::i;n?  to  ?h.:3Idi::]T  ;:il3gi: 

TJ-)on  loarnin^r-  thnt  a  state  oi*  v/ur  eicists  betv/een  the  United  States  and 
Ger:;ian:7,    tlie  ^xocutive  Oo:iL';iittde  oi*   the  i.ational  Depart.-nent  /of  the  Central 
Polish  ::elief  Co:nmittee7  ^"^ent   the    follov/inc  tele.^^rain  to  President   ./ilson: 


"The  Poles  organized  in  the  Central  Polish  r^eliaf  Committee  and  its  National 
Dopartnent,   on  the  occasion  oT  tho   amiouncoiTient  of  the  existence  of  a  state 
of  xvar  between  the  Republic  of  the  United  .States  and  Ger^iany,   hasten  to 
assure  you,  :.:r.   President,   of  their  deepest  loyalty  and  their  v/illingness 
to  place  at  your  disposal  all  the   strength  and  resources  at  their  co  .mand. 

The   Executive  Co:^nittc3  of  tho  Pational  Department: 


J",   P.   Sriulski 

P.  ..:•  Helinski,  ex  officio 


-  II 


I  G 


III  3 


O 


O 


POLISH 


Dz io : in i k  ^iv i a zkov^r ,   Apr.    7,    1917 


i:.    //'ohlinski 

•!•   Sotna^er,    secrotarv 

i\   :iostonko.;ski,   treasurer 

■  reverend  'J.    Zapala 

everand  .:..   Celiclio:vski 
.jina  ]iev;:::an 
3.   Szvvajkart 
F.   I 'oZiierov;ski '^ 


Dziennik  ZvAazkovr/^   ^^pr,  7,  1917. 


. i^j  i  lit  ''i  *- i.  i.  . .  i  i-H 


(Editorial) 


V/e  should  not  deceive  ourselves  in  thinkinc  that  the  v;ar  v;ill  be  over  soon, 
as  i.iany  people  wish  and  hope. 

The  end  of  this  vvar,  the  fire  of  v;hich  in  spreadinc  farther  and  farther,  can 
cOiTie  only  r::vQn   the  Bxi%':\ir   of  huinanity  lies  vanquished  at  the  feet  of  the 
victorious  chaiapions  of  right  and  civilization. 

But  we  have  a  long  and  tedious  road  to  travel  before  this  time  cones.  There- 
fore, v;e  should  not  delude  ourselves,  but  prepare  in  advance  for  the  v;ar  to 
continue  for  quite  sone  time,   o'e  have  just  heard  that  the  most  competent  men 
in  England  have  ivarned  the  people  that  :nany  more  sacrifices  and  efforts  will 
be  necessary  before  the  power  of  the  Teutons  is  completely  crushed. 


~V1 

\  .•:■■ 


V;e  should  viev;  the  situation  objectively  and  understand  it  thoroughly  in 


I  a 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkov^y,  ^^pr.  7,  1917 • 

order  to  overcome  all  obstacleij  and  be  able  to  apply  all  our  'iieans  and 
efforto  to  whatever  requirejaents  v;e  may  be  called  upon  to  face. 

The  pov;er  of  the  Teutons  is  still  great.  GerLiany  still  has  three  dissolute 
partners — ^Austria,  Turkey,  and  Bulgaria — and  the  sympathy  and  support,  more 
or  less  open,  of  some  small  neutral  countries,  v;here  the  influence  of  all 
sorts  of  little  princes,  issuing  from  the  German  harem  of  rulers,  runs  rampant. 

Germany  still  constitutes  a  solid  block,  strong  in  the  number  of  military 
units  and  in  the  organization  of  industry  for  military  purposes.  Germany 
still  produces  about  one  and  a  half  Liillion  tons  of  steel  per  month — enough 
to  make  millions  of  bullets  and  explosives  for  inany  cannons,  joachine  guns, 
aerial  bombs,  and  torpedoes.  Germany  still  has  several  million  soldiers  at 
her  disposal,  and  the  mobilization  of  the  civilian  population,  v;hich  was 
carried  through  before  time  in  order  to  keep  the  vjar  work  running  smoothly, 
has  given  her  millions  of  men  and  women  for  farm  work,  coal  and  iron  mines, 
railroads,  and  inland  v/aterways. 


-n 


J — 


I  G 


-  b  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  Apr.  7,  1917. 


Vve  are  convinced  that  despite  the  loud  echoes  of  the  Russian  revolution, 
Pan -German  isLi  still  stands  sr^uarely  behind  the  Hohenzollern  dynasty,  behind 
its  degenerate  Kaiser,  behind  its  Hindenburcs,  Ludendorffs,  L.ackensens,  and 
other  members  of  this  military  gang. 

Germany  still  represents  a  pov;erful  military  machine  mounted  rather  securely 
in  the  very  heart  of  liXirope  and,  perhaps,  even  the  world.  And  a  machine  such 
as  this  cannot  be  so  easily  destroyed  in  the  next  few  months. 

Besides,  this  v^r  is  co^mpletely  different  from  all  previous  wars.  Formerly 
only  the  armies  fought  in  open  fields.  Nov;  whole  nations,  which  constitute 
two  completely  different  and  hostile  worlds,  are  fighting,  .^rmed  and  unarmed 
nations  are  fighting  or  are  being  drawn  into  this  v.ar.  Neutrality  is  be- 
coming daily  more  and  more  of  an  illusion.  iOid  all  this  by  its  very  nature 
must  extend  the  v^/ar  both  as  to  time  and  area.  The  war  is  lengthening  and 
spreading. 


-a 


1 

3 

3 


CO 

en 


Today  the  United  otates,  provoked  by  the  submarine  cainpaign,  has  raised  its 


I  G 


-  4  - 


iCLI3H 


Dziennik  Zv:inzkov*yj   xxor.    7,  1917. 

punitive  mailed  fist  against  Germany.  Kev;  cold,  nev;  blood,  £uid  nev;  c^nius 
will  stren[5then  the  assets  of  thoce  who  vov;ed  a  secred  alliance  for  the 
destruction  of  German  barbarisiii. 


.-Lt  any  rate,  the  entry  of  the  United  dtates  into  the  Great  ",r?;r  constitutes 
a  guarantee  of  victory  for  the  cause  of  the  /allies  and  vail  brinr;  punishment 
to  the  c^ilty  parties  and  freedom  and  justice  to  all. 

'.Vith  the  entry  of  the  united  ..states  into  the  conflict,  the  character  of  the 
v;ar  becomes  clear  and  its  aii.is  c^^in  the  desired  strength. 

j'irst  of  all,  \.e  must  joyfully  welcome  the  fact  that  the  United  states  has 
finally  tossed  the  musty  :..onroe  Doctrine  to  the  four  v;inds.  Breaking  once 
and  for  all  his  isolationism  in  politics  and  in  the  humanitarian  solidarity 
of  civilization.  Uncle  ^a.n  has  proclaimed  himself,  through  the  mouth  of 
i-resident  ..'ilson,  a  free  and  erual  citizen  of  the  v.orld. 


It  v;as  high  time  that  this  v;ere  donel 


I  G 


-  5  - 


PCLIoH 


Dziennik  :'v;iazkov.y,  r^pr.  7,  1917» 


The  United  Jtates  v;as  born  a  century  and  a  half  ^r.o   out  of  a  revolution,  out 
of  a  great  upheaval  of  human  consciences.   It  beca-iie  a  democratic  nation,  a 
nation  v/hose  people,  free  and  equal  before  the  lav;,  found  material  and  moral 
welfare  through  autonony,  Nov<'  when  a  noniber  of  enually  democratic  IiJuropean 
nations  are  struggling  against  barbarism  and  slavery  and  in  defense  of  the 
ideals  of  justice,  peace  and  independence,  united  action  for  self-preserva- 
tion and  self-defense  on  the  part  of  both  tlie  United  Jtates  and  ^]urope  is 
imperative. 


The  one  hundred  rrdllion  people  of  .\merica  have  ri.sen  against  German  iraperial- 
ism,  against  the  militarism  of  the  Prussian  :{ohenzollerns,  against  the 


international  fraud  of  German  social  democracy.  Uncle 


oam 


has  thrown  on 


the  scales  the  weight  of  his  titanic  war  supplies,  his  army  and  fleet,  his 
comiaerce  and  industry,  his  bread  and  gold. 


In  this  duel  between  humanity  and  barbaris]:i,  the  Polish  arms,  too,  must  resound, 
and  they  must  resound  at  the  decisive  moment.  Therefore,  it  is  v;ell  that  the 
Poles  in  the  United  Jtates  be  able  to  preserve  their  strength,  that  they  be 


I  G 


-  6  - 


PGLISIi 


Dziennik  Zv/iazko^vy,  .vpr.  7,  19 17, 

able  to  conserve  their  enexcy,  so  that  the  decisive  moment  may  not  find  them 
exhausted  or  v;eary,  for  the  time  is  now  at  hand  when  v;e  will  be  able  to  make 
our  greatest  sacrifice  for  our  cause  most  effectively. 


-a 


•-^-. 


I  G 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  Apr,  4,  1917. 
TH2  DUTY  OF  A1.ERICAIn1  CITIZETIS 

Kot  by  vxords  alone,  but  by  deeds  as  well,  the  people  of  Chicago  support  ?/ilson's 
stand  in  regard  to  Geniian^'' ' s  predatory  actions.  The  citizenry  are  showing  their 
patriotism  not  only  by  speeches  made  at  numerous  gatherings  and  mass  meetin^^s, 
but  by  actions  in  the  direction  of  energetic  preparations  for  war.  In  case  of 
need,  Ghicagoans  v/ill  stand  squarely  behind  Uncle  Sam's  Star-Spangled  Banner 
in  the  struggle  against  foreign  invaders. 


It  is  the  duty  of  every  citizen  of  the  United  States  to  fight  for  international 
rights,  in  other  words,  his  rights,  v/hich  the  Teutons  violate.  Those  who  can- 
not join  the  ranks  to  fight  against  the  enemy  should  support  those  who  can  by 
helping  them  morally  and  financially. 


;'"  > 

\  .... 

"• '- 1 


I  Q 
III  H 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zv:iazkowy>  Apr.   3,   1917, 


ENTRAIICE  lOTO  THE  'JaR 


(Editorial) 


The  United  States  is  at  last  on  the  verge  of  entering  the  holy  vjar  against 
Germany,  a  war  v;hich  it  has  been  approaching  by  slow,  heavy  steps  for  quite 
some  time.  The  minute  the  United  Jtates  steps  in,  this  war  will  enter  a 
nev;  phase,  the  end  of  which  will  be  the  rebirth  and  freedom  of  all  nations. 


Long,  too  long,  had  the  United  States  been  patient  to  the  point  of  exaspera- 
tion before  it  finally  came  to  the  conclusion  that  Germany  v/ould  never 
listen  to  reason  unless  she  were  completely  defeated. 

The  United  States  is  accepting  the  challenge,  not  for  selfish  reasons,  not 
in  the  defense  of  the  iunerican  rights  ignored  and  violated  by  Germany,  but 
in  the  name  of  civilization,  in  defense  of  the  freedom  of  all  civilized 
countries. 


tjn 


I   G 
III  H 


Dziemiik  Zv.lazkov.y,   ;ipi'. 


P0LI3H 


rji7. 


President  V/ilson^s  v/ar  proclajiation  constitutes  a  historical  docunent  of 
world-v;ide  iiaportance.  There  can  be  no  doubt  about  this,  For  us  Poles, 
this  proclai.Btion   contains   full  assurance  that  .j.-ierica   is  enterinc  this  great 


world  war  for 


those  very  Drinci pies  v;hich  r resident  "..ilson  presented  in  his 

"^  In  speakinc  of  the  free- 


address  of  January  22,  ly^XU ^   ^^^ore  the  Jenate. 

dom  of  nations,  ,«'ilson  emphasized  the  fact  that  Poland  nust  be  united, 

independent,  and  autononous. 


"r5 


These  saine  ^reat  ideals  and  principles  will  be  incorporated  into  the  war 
aims  of  the  United  otates.  Therefore,  it  v;ill  be  our  duty  to  rally  round 
The  otar-opangled  Banner  and  {^o  wherever  our  national  honor  and  duty  call. 

Only  people  of  low  and  undeveloped  minds  could  still  talk  about  pacifism,  es 
pecially  when  the  President  of  the  United  Jtates  asserts  that  an  honorable 
war  is  preferable  to  a  dishonorable  peace,  and  when  he  {guarantees  that  this 
will  be  a  v.'ar  for  the  rights  and  freedom  of  nations,  for  the  peace  and 
security  of  the  world.  Only  brainless  gossipers,  only  "old  grandiaothers"  of 
both  sexes  and  all  ages,  only  cowards  or  vo^etches  cannot  or  do  not  want  to 


-  ^ 


I  g 

III  H 


kJ 


rCLISK 


Dziennik:  Zwiazkov.y,  .ipr.  3,  1917 • 


s 


ee  that  a  ^reat  moment  in  our  lives  is  approaching,  a  moment  in  v;hich  we 
vail  be  able  to  express  ourselves  through  armed  action. 

The  United  Jtates,  together  with  all  of  Poland,  v;ill  march  by  the  side  of 
the  iillies  to  a  final  settlement  with  the  enemy,  in  whose  camp  reaction, 
autocracy,  i.iilitary  atrocities,  oppression,  slavery,  and  lawlessness  are 
all  gathered  together. 

.-vll  sorts  of  rrussophiles  and  .lUstriophiles  have  tried  in  vain  to  get  the 
Polish  immirranto  to  join  the  camp  of  these  degenerate  outcasts  of  hu:;ianity. 
Today  they  alone  are  the  admirers  of  the  miserable  Prussian  reaction  and 
the  enemies  of  their  own  nation. 

Vilien  it  comes  to  proving  with  action  the  soundness  of  the  ideals  they  have 
been  preaching,  they  hang  their  socialism  up  on  a  nail  and  throw  all  their 
principles  into  some  convenient  corner.   They  take  their  rusty  doctrine  out 
of  their  pockets  only  when  it  can  serve  as  a  convenient  means  of  covering 
up  their  baseness.  iUid  so  today,  in  accordance  with  their  socialist  principle; 


O 


I  g 

III   r. 


-    A    - 


i-  OLIoH 


iziennik    '//.lazkovy,    ..j^r.   3,    1917. 


these  scuae  people  \±o  have  tried  to  c^t  the  youn^  I'oles  to   join  the  v;ar  in 
the  interest  of  the  Kaiser,  are  nov;  haranf:uinr;  against  the  United  Jtates* 
entering  the  v.ar  a-.^ainst  Gerinany, 


^-  J 


I  g 
III  II 


POLISH 


Dziennik  ^wiazko^^^,  Mar.  25,  1917. 

ILLr.OIJ  STATiL  LuGISL'JTUR^ 
1\\Y0?.D   A  FRjLJ  POL.-JJI) 

Sprin/i^field,  Illinois,  I-.Iarch  22.  Good  nev/s  has  come  to  us  fro-ii  tlie  city  of 
opringfield,  capital  of  the  otate  of  Illinois.  The  state  Legislature  has 
passed,  a-ion^  other  things,  a  resolution  declaring  itself  to  favor  freedoin 
for  Poland,  Ireland,  und  other  small  countries  v;.iich  up  to  the  present  have 
been  zander  the  donination  of  larp-ar  countries. 


A  para;^raph  of  this  ver^'-  important  resolution  .vhich  is  of  particular  interest 
to  the  Poles  reads  as  folla.vs: 

^'FurtherTiore,  v;e  decree  in  the  name  of  our  great  corimunity  that  we  shall  stand 
by  the  postulates  and  promises  of  our  President  of  the  United  States  and  give 
him  ever3;-  aid  in  respect  to  his  demand  that  freedom  and  rights  be  granted 
Belgium,  Ireland,  Poland,  and  othor  small  nations,  ^vhen  the  peace  conference 


I   G 
III  H 


^      O      _ 


POLISH 


Dzie.inik  Zr:7iazkov/y,  I.lar.   23,    1917 


is   called  at   tlie  end  of  t.ie  v/ar.     The  natter  of  freeing   siualler  nations  sliould 
be  presented  at  the  pe  ice  conference  in  accordance  v/ith  the  President's  v;ish, 
and  properly  settled  so  as  to  grant  rights  to  oppressed  peoples.'' 

This  resolution,   together  v/ith  other  points   i.-nportant  to  the  country,   was 
accepted  v;ith  enthusiasm  and  -vithout  a  single  dissenting  vote. 


It  vjas  unaninously  af^reed  to  postpone  the  business   of  the  ..iGoting  in  order 
to  Iiear  and  accept  tnis   iniportant   resolution. 

jurther  T>arasraphs  of  the  resolution  express  :)raise  of  President   ./ilson  for 
his  i^nanly  stand,  v;orthy  of  a  ^rreat  nation,    in  the   nuitter  of  sr.ialler,   oppressed 
peoples,   a   stand  v/hioh  he  expressed  in  his   famous  speech  before  Gon^^ress  on 
Januai^^  2i.y    1917. 


i^_  .— 


I  G 
III  II 


-   o  - 


PCLI3H 


Dzieiinik  Zwiazkcr.'     Mar 


c3o 


1917. 


Further,  in  its  rescluticn  the  Legislature  expresses  the  opinion  that  there 
can  never  be  a  listing  peace  as  lone  as  some  nations  are  oppressed  by  other 
physically  stronii;er  nations,  .-tnd  as  lone  as  justice  is  not  meted  out  to  every- 
one. All  nations  are  to  decide  their  own  fate  and  inake  their  own  laws  instead 
of  having  these  iraposod  upon  then  by  others. 


--  J 


I  a 


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attit':de  ;;^ii  c^h   in    z'\  -.  -^  r^   •■i'].    len^    tr^  \  •:-. 


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annoiriOecl : 


o 

» 


»»:.y  thou.-htr:   r^-icri    -^ut   to   thee  ^^-reat   rrinci^leG   of   n:rm-:.Gthy  -n*    •T'^tocti  on 
v.herebv  hur'anitv   trios  to  necuro   tv^e  life  ':^f  r-f^n,    the  Ijv^s   o^  ronbolH-erentn, 
the  liven  of  rviODlo  -;ho  -^■rore-'ve    th-:J   effici  Tit   nnd   vitnl    cornnerciril  rel^tinnn 


'^ 


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^■^  :j  X  X 


"Lv:lnz::o:  V 


v,^     OT        -1017 


of  the  ^'orl'i,    th  ?  llv^f 
toil   t'or   tiu3ir  n;r:\ort." 


^'vt  thj    s'^Mo  tin'i  Ciinncelicr  I'othnjinn-*- olive--,    n^' ^r:^ir:;'-   !:■   the  r^;^i'^  of  the 
T^^u tonic   r-f:CO,    '^'U''    ■" ! 


t^;n 


+-♦. 


*'he  bre  deterrlr. '?d   to   r^orr'^r.^  ^'^'>  o*:l:^  or  land  but   alnr>   o:*    the   ?\^nr-,    ond 
todav  v;e   can  anno'ince  v  i  *:,h   ^^-^i  cie   that    In   th-^  un^er:?eaF:  battle  ne  are  nov:  nach 

V 


3^ 


'■etvreer.    the  one  vlev/polnt   an^^  th-3  ot^ier  triere  i  r^   not  onl:*-  "^-^  ocean    that   c^ver^ 
the  victims  of   '^^erran   cririen  bnt    thj   entire  derth  of  the  abjnor.    that   p.enarates 
the  hi-nieat  :^.orallty  of   oivil:  zri' i  on   fr'^'M  the  nost   abject  bRi-barJ.  sm. 


hnen  ".ilson  pays:  *'I  hav-j  in  .in'  tho;>e  ha^:an  ni^'hts  '/Jithout  v.hich  there  can 
be  no  civilization/'  ^ethnann-:-ollv/er  rc-^lie5^:  ''Bv  this  v/ar  I  v/ant  to  :*ain  a 
peace  vjliich  v/ill   --iv  j  us   coripensai:ion   for  what  v/e  have   endured,    a  r-eace  ^.hich 


I   G 


4 


j.'L'_.j1.  il  - 


"n 


jzi enni 


i'iz^'ov/v,   ^'T^.r.    :^1,    1917. 


'H 


ill   assure   'Vorr'-nny  oC  a   jov-erful   exi  3te>!ce   in   the   fixture.'' 


:,!i?5t  Tiirccle  coul-'    ^oprinly  hTirir    r^bout  an   •.-•reei'iBnt   hetween   thej^e  tv-o   rtates- 


men: 


.Qv;   CO' 


iiil^i   t:i33'3  t*..r   '-iri.icnr  un-iernt^nd    erich   ot/ior' 


'"h-v  do  not    3'^e?i>    th-i   s^:r^:o  Ian -up.'^e.      Ore  t'lin':.^   ^  ith  lii?  hrain,    th--  other   is 
notiv^-iterl   by   the   :-'roediner,r,  of  hi.'^   ntor.ach.      Cn   t^io  one  hmd,    '.'e  h-ive  hunani- 
tarian   civilization   in   the  b  jr.t    Gense  of  the  7:ord,    In    its  mo-t   n^b]e  mani- 
festations;.  on  th3  otii^r,    Oer-.an   ''-^iltur.'* 

Today   there   can  be  -^^   thnii-ht   eith-3r  of  an   underrtardir  f  on  of  har^nonious   co- 
habitation of  civilized   -eo-^Ies  v:ith  the  ^ernans,    cultured   In   their  barbarisrn, 
since  the  Teutonic  yni-hts   of  th^  Cro-^^r.   doer,  not   recognize   an;'^  law  but  his 
ovn   need,    any  rir-lit  but  that   of  his  own  brutal    stren.'-'th,    or    any  n--tional 
existence  exce^^t   his  ovm. 


-a 

3:* 


'::ince  1914  practically   ?\L1  hunanit;^  h^:s  l;een  at   v.Tir  ^vith  Oen-:any.      Thus  the 


I   0 


-    5    - 


T-1 


Dzi  er. nl  -^    >::  a z'-rovrj ,   :  'nr .   *^.l ,    1917 , 


vpeat  yjieric'ip  i^eriublic,    if  she   doe^-:   not  want   to   turn  ovei  her 
h'^^r    '^v.n   civiliz?i  :lon   to  th'j  reT^acioiin  Teutonic   vultures,   v.ill 
ad]-.it   thnt   for  her  also  tlio  hour  of   ^rrned  action  is   at  hand. 


ovjTI   affoirn   rrA 
finally  have   to 


This  hour  has   already  cone.      It   is  another  matter  entirely  that  President  '.  ilnon 
is    QDproachinr   this  v;ar  v;ith  a   reluctance  v/hich  is  as  rreat   as  the  haste  v:i  th 
v/hich   the  Oeirrifms   are   ^rovokinr   the  vjar   is  wild. 


Arriin-  .-"jnerican   shirks   to  fi-ht  submarines  was   scarcely  an   1  ntroductor^r  ster,. 
It  is  now  time  for  ..ilson  to  take  nore  definite  sters.      If  the  "^nited   '^tates 
does   not  want   this   \:-:r  to  sT)read   .across   th^r  ocean  and   penetrate  to   .v^erica,    it 
will   doubtlessly  have  to   --ive  the  ^vllies   its   absolute  co-oreration.      This  co- 
operation  in  war  will   no  doubt  be  adapted   to    ^ho  reorraphical  position,    as  well 
as  to  the   economic,   militar;^,    and  naval    conditions,    of  trie  rreat   and   noworful 
-rvirierican  Republic.      But   this  co-cperation   should  be  unconditional   and  v'ithout 
any  reserv    tions,    as  befits    the   dignity  of  a    .'-^reat  nation  without  blemish  or 
fear. 


o 
c 


I  a 


-  r.  - 


PCTJ^F 


Dziennik  :::\vlazl:ovr:s   !^ar.    :31 ,    1917. 

And  when    tlie  final   battl^^  of  tho  f-TO'-.t  v/er,    in   v/hich    the    "tar-.l^anrlGd  ^anner 
of  thel'nitod   ""tates   :"roudl7  f]i'3J^  b^nido  t.he  flaf^s   O'"   all    civilized  nation.^, 
is   fought,   v;e  bell'^ve   Vu-.t  '..ilsor'G  ideal   of  ji]:-.,  ice  and   independence  for  -Al 
nations  v;ill   erner.'^e  tri^dnpnant   :"'rori   this  bloody  conflict  v.hich  v/as   forced  ^^.pon 
huinanitv* 


pj 


I  g 

I  D  1  a 
in  H 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkovr/,  Lar.    3,    1917, 


ON  TID:  eve  0?  IHE   IN..UGUR;.TION 


(Editorial) 


The  eventful  though  not  very  impressive  inauf^uration  of  President  7^'ilson  will 
take  place  on  iviarch  4  in   .-ashington.     Last  November  the  majority  of  the  people 
of  the  United  States  chose  V/ilson  to  steer  the  ship  of  state  for  the  next  four 
years. 


No  one  supposed  or  could   suppose  on  [.larch  4,   1913,   v^en  President  V/ilson  accepted 
for  the  first  tine  the  office  of  highest  authority  in  the  Ajnited/ States,   that 
an  event  of  such  great  magnitude  ^/sTs  the  present  \var  in  .Europe/  would  be  enacted 
on  the  historical  sta,{^e  of  the  world  or  that  this  event  would  elevate  him  to  the 
rani:  of  one  of   the  greatest  Presidents  of  the  United  States,   one  whom  future 
historians  will  probably  place  beside  7/ashington  and  Lincoln, 

He  took  over  the  pilot*  s  wheel  at  a  most  critical  time.     A  storm  xvas  raging  in 


I  g 

I  D  1 
III  H 


a 


-  2   - 


Dziennik  Zwiazrcovr/^,  Iwar,    3,   1917. 


P0LI3H 


Mexico  which  ;viped  av/ay  the  rosy  sleep  fron  the  eyes  of  the  capitalists  v/ho 
had  imprisoned  their  golden  calves  in  the  Mexican  mines  and  oil  refineries* 
The  President  was  urged  to  pacify  Llexico,  v;hich  he  did  not  want  to  do,  knov/ing 
that  this  Vvfould  lead  to  a  long  v;ar  and  might  even  get  the  United  States  into 
worse  entanglements,  as  subsequent  events  have  proved.  Both  the  President  and 
his  I'^ixican  policy  have  been  the  objects  of  much  severe  criticism,  but  finally 
it  has  become  clear  that  the  President  v;as  right  in  not  vranting  to  engage  us  too 
deeply  in  the  difficulties  of  our  neighboring  republic. 

iit  the  time  of  the  outbreak  of  the  European  v/ar  and  the  launching  of  relentless 
and  brutal  methods  of  warfare  by  Germany,  President  V/ilson  v/as  able  for  tv;o  and 
a  half  years  to  preserve  the  neutrality  of  the  United  States,  as  he  promised  to 
do  in  August  of  1914.  This  he  has  done  in  spite  of  the  fact  that  the  kind  of 
events  which  are  taking  place  demands  the  greatest  patience  and  coolheaded 
forebearance  in  order  not  to  permit  oneself  to  lose  one*s  equilibrium  and  follow 
either  the  path  of  the  pacifists,  which  leads  to  dishonor  and  loss  of  respect 
and  importance  for  the  United  States,  or  the  path  of  jingoism  v^ich  possibly 


I  ^- 


\jr 


I  D  1  a 
III  H 


-  3  - 


Dziennik  Zv.iazkov.y,  Lar.  5,  1917. 


POLISH 


leads  to  preinature  v;ar  measures,  paths  which  v;ould  help  neither  the  Allies  nor 
the  /Unitedy  States. 


Althouf^,h  President  w'ilson  vjas  able  to  c^in  in  the  last  election  the  ioajority  of 
the  electoral  votes  by  the  peace  plank  in  his  platform,  and  although  in 
accordance  v;ith  this  platform  he  wanted  to  be  a  peace  mediator  and  sent  peace 
proposals  to  the  vjorld,  nevertheless  today,  on  the  eve  of  his  second  inaugura- 
tion, he  faces  an  open  v;ar  with  Ger'-ia-iy,  with  which  four  weeks  afr^o   he  had  to 
break  off  diplomatic  relations. 

No  one  in  the  United  States  any  lon/^er  has  any  doubt  that  such  a  vjar  will  come. 
Such  grave  events  have  taken  place,  and  matters  have  taken  such  a  turn,  that  it 
is  impossible  to  v/ade  through  them  by  leaning  on  the  v;eak  stick  of  the  pacifist, 


^> 


■T.7 
'2 


■J 


V/e  must  now  depend  upon  a  strong  sword. 


War  betv;een  the   /ijnitedT' States  and  Ger:nany  is   imjninent.     The  question,   therefore, 


I  g 

I  D  1  a 
III  H 


-  4  - 


Dzieiinik  Zv;iazkov.y,  :;.ar,    3,    1917. 


POLBH 


is:      rlhat  can  we,   or  rather  the  Polish  cause,  ^ain  b.;   it?     In  our  opinion  our 
cause  v/ill  benefit  a  great  deal,   because  we  v.ould  c^in  in  the  United  Jtates, 
or  rather  in  President    ./ilson,   a  powerful  backer  arid  defender  on  v/nom  we  can 
always   count.      The  people  of  the  United  otates   have  expressed  theiaselves  clearly 
and  openly  on  the  Polish  question  through  the  mouth  of  l^esident  V/ilson  on 
January  22,  Jv^llJ. 

Up  to  the  present,    the  President's  voice  was  rather  that  of  an  adviser  on  the 
side  lines,   that  of  an  unprejudiced  judge  who  wanted  to  bring  about  an  agreement 
between  two  contesting  parties.      In  the  event  that  the  United  States  declares 
war  on  Germany  and  openly  sides  with  the   'illies,   v;e  will  gain  in  the  United  States 
an  official  spokesman  which  some  day  vail  have  a  voice  in  the  peace  conference 
and  v/ill  join  the  nations  already  friendly  toward  us  in  order  to  fight  for  the 
postulate  of  freedom,    independence,    and  autonomy  for  Poland. 

Therefore,   if  yesterday,   as  Polonia   justly  writes,   we  had  every  reason  to  re- 
joice at  President  ..ilson's  proclamation,   today  we  owe  him  double  gratitude. 


I     Gr 

I  D  1  a 
III  H 


-  5   - 


Dziennik:  Zv/iazkowy,  i..ar.   3,   1917. 


POLISH 


This  v/as  well  understood  in  the  homeland.   It  vjas  v;ell  understood  by  the  younc 
people  in  .Warsaw  who  gathered  in  front  of  the  ^jnerican  consulate  in  order  to 
manifest  their  gratitude  toward  the  President  of  the  United  States,  despite  the 
fact  that  the  German  censorship  toned  dov^  the  real  subject  of  President  V/ilson's 
proclamation,  leaving  out  the  well-knovm  phrase — the  expression  dealing  with  the 
uniting  of  all  Polish  territories. 


V.' 


Tlierefore,  if  our  people  in  the  homeland  have  understood  the  importance  of 
President  VJilson*s  words,  how  much  better  must  our  immigrants,  who  instinctively 
recognized  in  the  President  a  defender  of  their  rights,  and  almost  unanimously 
gave  him  their  votes  in  the  last  election,  have  understood  and  appreciated  them. 


On  the  eve  of  the  inaugural  ceremony  in  '-Washington,  these  Polish  immigrants, 
scattered  over  the  broad  expanse  of  this  land,  join  in  the  sincere  v/ishes  of  the 
entire  ijnerican  nation  which  flow  tov/ard  the  VJhite  House,  that  our  President  may 
carry  through  the  magnificent  undertaking  v/hich  he  has  begun  for  civilization  and 
in  defense  of  the  rights  of  smaller  nations  and  humanity  to  a  successful  conclus- 
ion, and  that  i'rovidence  may  grant  that  the  country  emerge  with  honor  and  respect 


I  G 

I  D  1  a 

III  H 


-  6  - 


P0LL3H 


Dziennik  Zwiazkov^y,  i.:ar.  3,  1917  • 


out  of  the  difficult  situation  in  v;hich  it  now  finds  itself* 

Feeling  behind  him  the  vdll  and  justification  of  the  entire  nation,  and  the 
justness  of  the  cause  v/hich  he  is  defending,  havinr.  at  his  disposal  all  the 
means  and  resources  which  the  power  and  wealth  of  this  country  grant  him,  he 
can  be  assured  that  at  the  critical  moment  not  a  single  citizen  or  foreigner  in 
this  country  will  be  found  who  v/ill  not  answer  his  call  and  go  forth  to  defend 
the  principles  of  this  freedom  of  v/hich  he  is  the  greatest  advocate. 


I  0 


POLI'^']' 


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■  •-^  .  ^  -r»-f  * 


T  orr> 


anc3^   ot*  i:i:..ivid:,'  1g    ..'lO  clc  re:.    ;i:;r3t :•:•'!  r,i     ;;o3Jtion  o:'   this   oountr'^  iVi  "orld 
]:olitics,      r  lt  :   h\'^vo\ntj^\\y    i    -^l^l^"'.  ';  o;*   c ;:: ;   rcli  :ndiiir'  ^r^ric':r.    ir.tjr^.t:;   of 
touav   CMici    zihj    ruturo,    o:-  vi  ;lc    to   ^'Or:- j  cioun   i    .'In  ;rcG   C':^culet:r    to  u^idciT'.ine 
thu  /iTni  0007"  StHti'S  —  r-hcul  "   hesit^'te  to     r-^it   t'l  ■)  7r-^5  ic"^  o^.t   th-  ^::0w  ::r  ^-r':] 


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Cf    tlx  >    fjdj,uristrt;t  ion' 5:*    ilh*:cr;,     t:i^     "i.tjri;:,      i'-iLo    n;-: 


-conflict    .  it:i  til .  0  jr:::J^ns 


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p:..csef'    Git   i  1  rr^t    bC  h    •  juLrL:lil, 
,.iich   ::Ctu;.lly  (:isi;:provv;<'    cJ   z 
trj  litY   .;aic;:    ii:.   t.:.;    •r.;.:-:,b    oirc '•  -"■ 


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C3   depose    t!i  ;  ''xJ.  tju 

Kaii^er   ca:i   l:b   rjacii-A. , 

...urojv^ijr.    cor.ui:.jjt    !.c;:,    ^^uccioni:/    :"or:;--c,     jKu 

^:riil.03,    L:   c-^.-ui-iii    -.vclu:.ici:     :^^t    t' "' 

iditicn  .x:.3  1  :;x'o:-  -jd    z:.e  'iC/'izo:.   cd  :ii..  ;oLi^l 
onroc'^  littl::-  fonaula. 


;'^r;    "c:*   su  •:!   n   ;:  ;t  ^ror^r.  :iOwi^    :-;.S5^   of  •;^  :op  i  e 
I'^.^.ror.    z'l--     oi  ..   o:'   d'..clarii:p  \:'--r  en   Ih:-   oer^^Hn 
:3s^  ociallp   ^•o::''^.   .>:  :ric'j    Cc-n    trM.f^port    jo   the 


vclu:.ici:      :-t    tr/'.^     :1:  r*      -^  r    th^:ii;'v'   o  '  "OiiC;   c-v  ^rn;--    :u\orican, 


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l;.h   traj   f- 


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u  ij  :'.'.fi    :i:-tic:^   o^   ^11    r^orts 


ci*    :Jr:''cir:s,    f^;i]!i:^l  ;-*':ir  *'^3d   Tlttl.;  '  o:..cr.  of   tii 


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ir*   "i'iojjG*'   or  nch  .''   tc    X'-u.Lcit   -:.u:ion 


iriiCrc:::C  ;,     '-.JI   ;;.iO    ::  ;I 


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.i.;  lo'..   Insoi:  ot:i  0/  1:1::  i-T;crc:rit   :..rid  disoiv  ardzod  nob. 


r:-raduhll7  tlii^    -r-'stly  ciosl-:'    ciirmf^c   In   t.'i-:    uriinkir:.     •proGe::^s:iG  o'*   tiij  ;^:^e-iC8n 
r  :ovl'3   is  f;::in^    :^1-g  ;.      ^rcdusllv    ..i.:  -  orlo   ••    j  opjin;'   t:ijir    :    es   v    ore  ir 
.0   Ico::   InLc  th;  l*-iC>.    •  • :'  r-  i:li^y.      ''.r^du:Aly   iiIi;;;ior:r    :^.r^'    ■  rcji^-ices   ^n    t'le 


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the  Tni::.ud  SCaLes  arj   b^rinnin-  tc  voni^^h.      ..n-"    th  ^   '^  ^r^:^::^'    tl.  :^?-n  >lv  :;r ,   '/no 
no  lon.i-ir   nnV'i  anything   to  lo::v;   r,n^   -..i-LO  zr     tiircin,  •  away   t'l  tir  ncsk?    and 
ric  lonf^er  concjal   t:i..lr  iUiurod  of   tn  i  Tnitod   Str.t;^n,    n^d   t-lir  ^j7id.M.can  t.^ot;!-, 
arc  iulnin*-   this  jvoluoion  alony. 


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.^:i-jrica  liL^s   l:;co:ui)  an  irrecnncil:  '  \  j   Too   uO    z'.l  .  ^j— .nnr,    nn^    t:..i  T.^utcns   -ill 
r,.Y:r  lOrrnvn   tn  ;s  ;  orr^..ncs.      'aj  :.:c   t    i     In  .ntial  nolibic?^!    fi.'ures   in 
(reriCJjny  t:re  alr^-n^^y  sayinn    bn  .u  b^jrninr     jr-larid,   the  Init  -'    "^bntt^G   ie   nerrnany^s 
Voorst    jne:n%      7:"r;    is   'lO\:    :.i].    '^;in,nn^3   f  -.^1    t^ccny,    -nu    tn  ;:y  vnic  •    tnis    C  jt^linr 


as   IrurllT'-  ns    nosel'  \  j. 


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oil'? 


vjBr,    ro^'^^'ibe'^'in.-'   t'.i^', 


V  ;:: 


^jia  so,   rrcn  no\;   on,   ^  err  an  pom/oiCo 


X        X 


unl'3ss   ui  ,   outcci:.j  o:'  tiij  v;nr   can-lj;.r,iy  cncir.nof:    onj  political   situation  in 
th:;  ncrld,      7von  nov.   on   tru   ooimtny  k\2  tac  Gonr'an  Kaise*-   also  b  ^corn  ^s    the 
d.:iCid.cl   .nv;ny  of  tlu  Initec    states,    -n:     it:    conia^to  annihil::ticn  r-mt    ccnsti- 
tiite  an    inn  is  • --:sa-:.l^j   .jcncliticn   oi'   .>:;3nica's   fubare   Gaf^ty. 


ro 


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rTT-^Jir 


rJzl  eiir.i.. 


J.  I,*  ^ .  i.  *_^ . ' 


cu*:   o'  til-   '.)V':-32:X   v^lp  victorioiu^,    ^a:_  Irr.iZ'-iO.     'Utes 


QiA    jcoiicrnic  \:(y..-r  in   lh:i  \.orl'l.      "ut    .^v^n  ^..   Ger::-r:v  no':  -.iiclly  vlcuoi^icu^, 
:^ot    GGLipijteiy  v.ec:  j^ijd    riici     -c  j    "or-jv^r   :.a^"' .Ljsr: ,    .  culr    t-irBfiton   the   r^&fetv 
aric   vital    ^ -o' ;rr:5i^ts   oJ   l::.;   /IJr^iU^dJ  3tci.  :3   hy     .\tjrinr   iv^tc   e'li?K;C6S  v;ith 


:-,jutral    comp  jtitvors  of  ^  ncl 


O  r. 


rn 


vT  L<  '_.    .  i.  V   1   ..J  t.      l,^    ..       V   .  J    1.  '  .-i    . 


"7.1  CO, 


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1    .'>  1 1 


ciO 


Tho  cectruciion  of     .a^-lanrits   sol    pov.er    .  r ulci     -ivo  t-h^olutr;)   control  of  th o 
Atlantic    to   Oornnny   e^na   con*.rcl  of  tlic-   "acific   tn  Ja;^.^- .       fi^  Urit  •(!   states 
Id  b;i  iGolnted  f-oifi   the  rest   of  tu  ;  i-orir:,    t:ir':^;:terc(l   -X    ciiiv  no:::;r]t   1-^   an 
tacrc  fron.  Oeri/Uiny  on  t  .  .   o-i.-t   A.nG  :"ypan  on  thj  rest,      ^l^h^refore,    t:i-  dest-'uc- 
oion  or   evt.-n    th.:;  :  ^jutralizat-iou  of    tn.^   son   ]>o^.e-   ::-o  raccor^f^f  allv   i-xt--ded   all 
ov^::'   tha  world  by    ^ro^^t   Britain,    th  ;  natural   ally  and   'ruardiaii   of  .^nerica, 
;,ould   destroy  tho   sovGr'.3i^^r-:   -^o^ltion   o:'  ti- 
the r)rosT^irit^%   dov-lcpri-;nt ,    -nd   future  n  ^curity  of  this    cou-.try. 


i;"'nitj':    ftatos,    buryir^;   for   centuries 


I  a 


o 


;Jnouiu   ta  .  G^v^icns   con;  cu^   o"  th'   ^^r-i^-sont  vjlp  victoriotu^,    trie  Irit^oc^     -t^tes 
VvOuir.  nave    uc    Ci^c  ^  n  Yi;ry  rr^^'/t   dju^^'or   or;    t  lo  ]:^rb   of  this   T^atonic    jnemv, 
vjno   aft:;-  clofjati^i-  th  .•  ;.lli3s     cu''.r  bcc-ri,.   tn  j  rrt^at  jst  .niit'-:.^,    politic^a, 
aiid    jGonornic  pov.cr  in   tlii  \.orld.      -"ut    jvcin  ^.   Oer:::r  r:y  not  'Jicily  vicuoricu;^- , 
not    GGLipi^tely  v.eG::.):iJd    ::i:d  .  ^td  ;    '•orov3r  ha^iaoss,    '..culr    tiiPiaten   the   sa-fety 
aiK:  vital   'r\ZK,re<sts  oJ   hii^j  /jjnitt^  3tciL;s  hy   ..ntjrinr   ivitc  ellimices  v.;ith 
noutral   compjtitors  of  ^  ncl  .•  '"an,    suc.i  ns  J"c.y;-:n   viv-  hoxico. 


The  cestruct. ion  of     .n/-lanr]»s   sol   pov.'er   .  ould     -ivo  til;  -olute  control  of  tho 
Atlantic   to  aermany   c^nc   control  of  the  "acific   to  Ja^^m:.      f  ii  3  Unit  ;d   states 
vjGuld  be  isolnted  from  the  rest   of  th  ^  \;orlc,    t:ire':tencd   ';t    cinv  non::int  b^^   an 
attack  fror.  Oemany  on  t;  ;  eant   .'-nd  c^apan  on  th.j  \:est.      "Iharefore,    tii-j  destruc- 
Gion  or   av^^ii    th.^  n^utralizat^iou  of    tn^^   soa   po-;e-*   so  successfully   (ixt-nded   all 
ovjj-   ths  world  by  ^^roat   Britain,    tho  mtural   ally  and  rruardian   of  Aneriea, 
v.ould   destroy  tho   soveroi^-n  -position  oV  th-;  ^  nit--:   :  tatos,    buryinr   for  cent-iries 
the  prcspirity,   dev-lcpn-;nt ,    -nd   future  security  of  this   country. 


•J 
1:0 


03 

-J 
^1 


I   G 


-     A    - 


?OLKIT 


Dzler.r.i^:     v.iaz^rov::,    Ij-r.    2,    1917, 

In  circLir.iStrinccs   such  ys   thjce,    thj  United   ot'^tes  has   ro  alt^^jrr  ative  but   to 
arr.  as  rjaicklv  as   possible,    i::  or'-er*  to  be-   abl  i  to  triro^.»»   all   its   Txjv.'er  and 
spl  jndid  rer.ourcos  opjnly   anc  lui,  litil^'-  ii.to  t'u  ;j.li^-:;d   cai.ip,    to  d^find     nrland'vS 
povver  on  the  soas  v. iLh   tCLl   Its   str*ja/th  and  in  .-.^.aeral  not  to  n.'rloct    anythinr 
that  mi.-Tjit  holp  to  a;stroy  :..illt;..r7  r;3rr.ai:.y   today  or   in   tho   future. 


:  urm; 


t,.:e 


orbd  bar  or    :ft  j-: 
.J.lios*    3ido  and   alwavr;   a -ti; 


it 


nitad   tatOG  can  '^roccad  onlv 


o  . 


>  r*r  r  *'  c: 


In  all   cal:::niS3   and  ".ith  dua   coar  iderat  ion,    in  thj   bjli^f   in   tha   justice  of  the 
causa   tney   are  def^ndin.',    tn..*  ^-rier-i  can  y  jopl  j  ::;ust   rrap- re  the'-nsa''.vas   •^n.-^re^ti- 
cally   I'or   trij  inavitable  v;::r,    casoiny   asid  j  as  manif  astat  ionf-   of   cov:ardice, 
ina]titada,   iveaknen.s,    or   ov  jn   treason   ;.ll     jfj'crts  to   *';aintain  ^'dhCj  f^n(\   to  Vzeep 
us  'Ut    Ob  tha  ;var.      Gonyross   cannot  h^sitata  ::iuch  lon.^^r  and  j:a:r:t   not   raralyze 
tha  yr^3side•it '  s  v;iso  initic-tivj,    thus    exposiny  tha  vahola  future  and  honor  of 
this  republic   to  dana.^r,      /aid  Vvhjn  finally    Lh .-  T  nitad     'tatas   dojs    3at  jr  tha  v/::r, 
it   vvill  hav  J   to  be  a  victorioua  \var,    a  v^ar   conductad    at   the   sid     of  tha  i.llies. 


33 


I   G 


-    7     - 


POLISH 


Dzlonni''    riwlazlrovvv,    Tar,    ^,    1917. 


local      ciilv  .;evis  a3scr*:3   tLc.t   one    Cc.ri'^.ot    ociyiuct   j;   v.nr  ;atli  '.-   ext^rr:?::!    3:^X1'^'" 

%t ** 

UII       .  -_.     'CX       v>  1      X  _ .      oC'a.i  ^      o  I    X  ^  X  t»      . .  VJ  J.  -».  V4.  •       v^  .i  V  •  cil  ;  1  ^5      „      •.XI.-'       L»-i  ->      wj  0  ..  O     i  .--  u  cj        _U  t .      v^   >  X  ^i- 

liicide   in     asiiiii£ton  tririt    La  ";  'nit.^u      tates   ..•ould   b  jst   cefjnd   it^    i^t    rer^ts   and 
lienor  by  n^epin^  cut   o:"*  t:ij  vjrr  v.alcn   th  j  •:3..tr';il   .  o\.cr;;    -.^r  ;   ';0\.   ;v  riiir- 
a,>:in8t   tii..  ^^lliea.      Miis   ;:'*-r:- ;r  ju-'tly   ccnclud^fr   that: 


-o 


*'3uch  :^-   pcliticr.l   rolic;^  i.-^u'd   b:  ruinous    '"07"  th.:   '  nlt^'^"'      tates,   bocan^3   it  ';ould 
l3ad   bo  a   Gca:id?-.lou.^    sheddin     of  blooc?   ,.n^\  v.Tjstecr  "::  n  ^v,    jr.d    a  ")ilin-*  ur-  of 
iT:isfcrtu2i.;s    :*or   en  :   rut';r3,      'ihevcfor::,    in  eaipl  jt3  allianc3  •  ith.  tncs3   30UTitri  3-^ 
v;iiic;ii  are  nov;   firhtjn^"  '"eri:i?^ny,    th  3  .jaoricnn  •'■:3c;;)l3  >:U3g   in;o:?^;t   thnt    ov  ;ry 
efl'ort   b3  made  to   put    an  3:h1  to    "ei^.  lany' s  suV.rr.arir  3  nadnj^G.        ith   nuch   en 
&lli:.nc.    the  U^^itjc      t-it3s    can   '^rocc-d  vim  V':ll    oon^'ido'^ce  :;;nd  ^^civ'^v  tov;^'rd 
e  jur^t    in-'   lasting  ;  3ac  ;.  ' 


en 


Therefor  i,    ^''J^v.  i*or  thj  1  nit  xl      tat3S,    tho  only   roa(i   tov;ard    ■'0ac3  loads   throu^-h 
v.ar,      .j'id  a  r.jac  a   v-i  ohoat  vi-jtorv  '..cul^.   b;  iic-^ieGs — inerelv  an  unrortunat3  i^arodv 


,  ) 


0 


f\T  jnx.' 


Dzi  ;ri:iiK   ::;viazi:o;vy ,    "ar.   Z^   1917 • 


or    L.  )ac  3. 


.-iri:jric<'"i ,    z:ijre£or'.^     :i.t   ^0 


/'J.X  1  -  5j  « 


-c 
c:5 


C^3 


I  G 


POLUH 


Dzlennik  Zwiazkowy,  Feb.  28,  1917 


TIMELY  TOPICS 


(Editorial) 


The  sinking  of  the   'Tl.aconia"  has  been  decreed  b^;-  V/ashington  as  an  ''overt  act." 

President  IVilson  has  decided   for  the  present   to  adopt  a  policy  of   "armed 
neutrality"  v;ith  reference  to  the  Germans. 


3> 


This,  of  course,  is  only  a  temporary  expedient,  since  the  administrative 
measures  which  the  Federal  Government  wil]  undertake  must  le';d  to  open  war  v/ith 
the  Germans. 

At  present  everjrbhinc  depends  upon  Congress.  The  President,  hov/ever,  is  sure 
of  himself,  and  believes  that  Congress  at  such  a  critical  time  cennot  oppose 
his  plans,  and  thus  encourage  the  Germans,  v;ho  are  getting  in  ever  deeper  in 
their  madness,  and  indulging  in  greater  acts  of  audacity. 

Therefore,  that  v;hich  ex-President  Roosevelt  foresav/  two  years  ago,  v/hen  he 


o 


CJl 


I  G 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


Dzlennik  Zv/iazkowy,  Feb,  28,  1917 • 

urged  the  President  to  take  a  clear  and  definite  st£Uid  in  regard  to  the 
piratical  methods  of  the  Teutons,  has  taken  place*  Roosevelt  urged  that,  since 
war  with  Germany  was  inevitable,  it  would  be  better  to  enter  into  it  at  once 
and  thus  shorten  humanity's  term  of  suffering. 

President  VJilson,  nevertheless,  acted  wisely,  and  ^ave  innumerable  proofs  that 
"it  was   not  he  who  gc;ve  causes  for  the  war'*,  and  that  therefore  he  can  now  face 
his  people,  vvho  chose  him  for  the  jaost  responsible  position  in  the  land,  con- 
fidently, to  tell  thera  that  he  has  been  very  patient,  but  that  now  all  patience 
has  been  exhausted. 

We  all  understand  that  the  present  times  are  unusually  critical  for  America 
and  the  entire  vjorld.  The  United  States  in  open  v;ar  with  Germany  vdll  con- 
stitute a  new  and  powerful  ally  for  the  defense  of  the  good  and  just  cause  of 
the  entire  world.   It  is  nov/  no  longer  a  question  of  /UTierican  interests,  as 
President  V/ilson  emphasized,  but  of  the  rights  of  civilization  and  of  the  entire 
world • 


""O 


I,  > 


•  J 


I  G 


-  3  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwlazkov/y,  Feb.   28,  1917. 

The  j^nited/  States  is  the  spokesman  and  champion  of  these  rights.  As  the 
spokesman  it  must  see  to  it  that  justice  is  accorded  to  all,  that  there  are 
none  who,  summoned  before  the  highest  tribunal,  established  to  decide  the 
problems  of  their  liberty  and  future  and  the  future  of  £?:enerationL  yet  unborn, 
would  find  that  they  had  been  summoned  only  in  order  that  a  secret  decree  might 
be  made  behind  their  backs.   President  V.llson  has  already  shown  hi. us  elf  to  be 
a  tried  spokesman  for  the  vADrld,  and  he  will  surely  not  abandon  a  stand  once 
he  has  taken  it. 


I  G 


POLISH 


Dzlennlk  Zwiazkov;y>  Feb.   26,   1917. 


COLIPULSOHr  THLITARY  SliSYICZ 


(Editorial) 

The  Government  of  the  United  States  has  introduced  a  hill  in  Concress  pro- 
posing compulsory  conscription  and  general  military  service.  The  proposal 
was  v/orked  out  by  the  general  staff  of  Uncle  3am»s  army  and  approved  by  the 
f/ar  Department  and  President  '.Vilson, 

This  proposed  bill  suggests  that  all  young  men,  nineteen  years  of  age,  physi- 
cally fit  for  military  service,  be  drafted  to  sorve  in  the  regular  army  of 
the  United  States  for  eleven  months,  and  then  be  called  up  for  two-week  train- 
ing periods  during  the  first  and  second  years  after  serving  in  the  ranks,  that 
is,  in  the  twentieth  and  twenty-first  years  of  their  lives. 

According  to  the  calculations  of  the  general  staff ,  500,000  boys  of  draft  age 
will  be  able  each  year  to  join  the  regular  army,  and  in  three  j^ars  the 


I  G 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


Dzlennik  Zwiazkovvy,  Feb.  26,  1917. 

/Uiiited7  States  will  have  an  amy  of  1,500,000  trained  soldiers  ready  for  bat- 
tle. The  general  staff  wants  to  keep  3,000,000  men  in  armed  military'-  prepared- 
ness. This  will  constitute  a  reserve  of  the  first  order,  to  which  every  soldier 
will  belong  for  four  years  after  having  served  his  term.  After  this  he  will 
automatically  pass  on  to  the  second  reserve,  and  finally  on  to  .general  nobili- 
zation,  in  which  category  he  will  have  to  remain  until  he  has  reached  the  age 
of  fortv-five,  after  v/hich  he  v/ill  be  retired. 

Therefore,  tho  regular  army  and  the  first  reserve  could  be  called  at  any  moment, 
because  it  v/ould  have  equipment  and  unifoKos  in  reserve.  The  second  reserve 
v/ould  require  a  little  :aore  time  before  it  could  be  sent  to  the  front,  though 
even  in  this  respect  certain  changes  v/ould  be  made  later.  At  any  rate,  v/e 
could  count  on  an  army  of  1,500,000  soldiers  at  once  and  on  an  additional 
1,000,000  men  of  the  second  reserve. 


^ 


DC*. 


Besides  this,  tl©  general  staff  plans  to  maintain  a  permanent,  professional, 


I  G 


-  3  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zv/iazkovy,  Feb.  26,  1917 


regular  ^vmy   numbering  300,000  men,  consisting  of  24,400  officers  and  285,886 
soldiers.  Of  this  arm3»',  97,000  v;ould  be  in  the  colonial  or  overseas  service, 
and  the  remainder  would  constitute  the  home  defense,  v/hich  at  the  same  time 
would  drill  and  train  the  recruits  called  up  each  :7ear. 

The  cost  of  keeping  such  an  army  has  been  estimated  to  be  v;i472 , 258 , 746  yearly, 
on  the  basis  that  the  equipment  and  upkeep  of  one  soldier  would  cost  ^143.28 
yearly.  For  the  above  sum,  or  say  five  hundred  million  dollars  in  round  num- 
bers, the  /united/  States  could  support  an  army  of  3,296,029  men,  including 
the  regular  army  and  the  newly  drafted  recruits.  The  V/ar  Department  has  esti- 
mated that,  under  the  present  system  of  counting  on  tho  States*  national 
Guards,  the  cost  of  supporting  1,137,200  men,  together  with  the  regular  ainy, 
would  reach  v^339,548,000,  or  that  the  average  cost  per  nan  would  be  ^^298. 58. 


■1 


CD 
r.jr 


v;e  have  extracted  these  most  important  statistics  fran  the  recently  published 


I  G 


-  4  - 


POLISH 


Dzlennik  ^wiazko^vy,  Feb.  26,  1917. 

report  of  Secretary  of  V/ar  Baker,  v/hioh  serves  as  an  introduction  to  the  sub- 
mitted bill  in  the  matter  of  compulsory  draft  and  general  military  service  in 
the  AJnite^  States,  in  order  to  acquaint  our  readers  v/ith  the  riiain  principles 
of  this  bill,  which  can  cause  a  complete  upheaval  in  conditions  here,  and 
following  the  example  of  the  old  world  introduce  a  military  system  here,  which 
really  is  necessary  for  the  defense  of  the  country,  as  long  as  aggression  and 
the  desire  to  grab  other  people's  countries  v;ill  not  vanish  from  the  world. 


-^ 


This  bill  v;ill  first  be  deliberated  over  by  the  Committee  on  Llilitary  .affairs 
in  the  Senate.  It  is  true  that  it  would  be  difficult  to  suppose  that  Congress 
could  debate  this  bill  during  its  present  session  or  come  to  a  decision.  There- 
fore, there  will  be  plenty  of  time  for  its  discussion,  and  we  shall  no  doubt 
revert  to  it  on  many  occasions  in  the  future.  Today  we  merely  wish  to  say 
that  humanity  in  general,  instead  of  thinking  about  disarmament,  is  making 
further  preparations  for  war,  which  can  be  prevented  only  by  a  peace  based 
on  the  permanent  and  just  principles  of  leaving  to  each  nation  the  right  of 


n 

V.J' 


:-cLis:i 


Dzi orrPiik  _".  ■; inzjrovr;-^ , 


r.'^i 


0.    '^6 


1917. 


incleT)8nd3!it  oxistence   and  oi'  decidin^*   their  o\'ir   icits. 


I  G 


POLISH 


Dzlennik  Zwlazkowy,  Feb.  22,  1917. 


;UR  BRB//nTGS 


(Editorial) 

Never  in  the  entire  history  of  the  United  States  have  there  been  so  many 
unpatriotic  political  acts  on  the  part  of  influential  men,  even  senators 
and  representatives,  as  at  present,  when  terrific  agitation  to  prevent 
America's  going  to  war  with  the  Teutons  has  spread  throughout  the  country. 

We  are  witnessing  an  inexpressibly  tragic  sight  when  a  Democratic  chairman 
of  the  Senatorial  Commission  on  Foreign  Affairs  unmasks  himself  publicly  as 
an  ardent  pacifist,  and  vfcen  the  Republican  leader  in  the  House  of  Representa- 
tives, the  notorious  Mr.  Mann  of  Illinois,  together  with  Stone  and  Pennsyl- 
vania's J.  Hampton  Moore,  make  speeches  which  would  sound  much  better  if 
they  were  delivered  at  the  Reichstag  in  Berlin. 

Completely  unmindful  of  the  most  authentic  revelations  of  American  correspondents 


'^j 


en 


I  G 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


Dzlennlk  Zwlazkowy,  Feb.  22,  1917. 

about  the  German  convention  which  undermines  the  public  life  of  the  United 
States  and  which  here  supports  the  whole  pacifist  action  for  the  benefit 
of  the  Central  Powers,  such  men  as  ^'oore  have  cast  aspersions  at  the 
patriotic  section  of  the  American  press,  trying  to  create  the  suspicion 
that  it  is  defending  the  honor  and  interests  of  this  country  against 
Teutonic  provocations  purely  for  the  benefit  of  the  ammunition  potentates 
and  in  the  service  of  the  Allies.  Mann  again,  at  the  time  of  granting 
credit  for  the  navy  of  the  United  States,  succeeded  in  placing  an  obstacle 
in  the  Administration's  path,  and  this  at  a  time  when  the  Government  of  the 
United  States,  threatened  by  a  great  war,  wants,  before  the  whole  world, 
to  defend  intelligently  all  the  rights  belonging  to  the  United  States, 
rights  which  the  German  government  is  brutally  attacking. 

In  cowardly  fear  of  war,  members  of  Congress  have  the  courage,  less  worthy 
and  manly,  to  scold  the  Administration,  which  allegedly  is  consciously 
heading  toward  armed  conflict  with  the  Germans.  Therefore  official  circles 
in  Wfiushington  have  reason  to  suppose  that  the  eventual  war  may  have  a  healthful 


-J 


en 


I  G 


-  3  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  Feb.  22,  1917. 


effect  on  political  conditions  in  this  country,  a  country  which  was  able 
to  send  such  representatives  to  Congress.  If  official  representatives  of 
the  American  people,  paralyze  with  their  co\Arardice  the  energy  of  the 
Government,  vAiich  at  a  time  like  this  needs  absolute  support,  then  justly 
all  Europe  will  look  upon  the  United  States  as  a  nation  of  cowards, 
deserving  to  be  treated  as  such  by  nations  which  did  not  retreat  before 
sacrifice  and  hardship  when  it  was  a  matter  of  defending  their  honor  and 
rights,  of  defending  the  liberty  and  the  common  welfare  of  all  civilized 
peoples. 

It  is  only  now  that  one  can  begin  to  understand  why  the  Government  at 
Washington  has  made  so  many  mistakes  in  the  i)ast  few  years,  and  what  the 
real  reason  for  yVilson's  vacillation  and  lack  of  deteimination  was  in  the 
endless  diplomatic  disputes  with  the  Germans.  It  finally  comes  to  light 
that  when  in  this  dangerous  game  American  interests  and  American  rights 
on  the  seas  and  lands  are  included,  \rtien  the  highest  stake  in  this  game 
is  the  honor  and  future  of  this  country.  Congress,  with  its  pacifistic 


en 


I  G 


-  4  - 


POLISH 


Dzlennlk  Zwiazkowy.  Feb*  22,  1917 • 

Democrats,  Republicans,  and  one  Socialist  forjshow,  definitely  opposes  the 
V/liite  House.   It  is  disclosed  that,  when  the/United/states  needs  a  strong 
army  and  a  powerful  fleet  to  look  after  its  threatened  rights  and  to 
defend  itself  against  an  always  possible  attack,  the  pacifistic  members 
of  Congress  oppose  armed  preparedness. 


The  pacifistic  apostles  of  national  cowardice  advocate  the  biblical  turning 
of  a  shameless  cheek  for  more  slaps,  more  insults,  and  more  invectives. 
They  announce  that  one  should  rather  be  meek  in  the  face  of  the  external 
and  internal  enemy,  to  bear  in  silence  all  robbery  and  endure  all  injustices 
rather  than  strengthen  the  President's  protest  outside  the  country  by  a 
united,  manly,  and  honorable  actiorx,  and  thus  assure  success  to  the  future 
war  actions  of  the  United  States. 


! 


It  was  exactly  this  situation  which  kept  President    /ilson  from  sending  his 
long-av.'aited  war  measures  to  Congress  right  now,   but   instead  he  had  Secretary 
of  State  Lansing  request  Congress  in  his/the  President's/name  to  grant  the 


I  G 


-  5  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwlazkowy>   Feb.  22,  1917 • 

President  the  authority  to  undertake  all  actions  which  might  eventually 
be  necessary,    including  even  the  use  of  armed  force,   for  the  purpose  of 
defending  the  rights  and  obligations  of  the  United  States,    in  accordance 
with  international  treaties  and  agreements,  and  in  absolute  accordance 
with  international  law — in  other  words,  to  grant  the  President  the  power 
to  declare  war. 


Being  unable  at  the  moment  to  overcome  the  inanimateness  of  the  pacifists 
in  Congress,  vAio,   having  a  cov^-ardly  fear  of  v;ar,   are  opposed  to  the^nitedT" 
States'   having  a  large  army  and  fleet,  the  President  has  taken  a  half  step 
instead  of  a  whole  step  forward. 

The^nite^States  can  now  no  longer  avoid  war,   and  if  Congress  does  not 
want  to  be  responsible  in  history  for  an  eventual  catastrophe,    it  will 
have  to  complete  the  whole  step  just  as  soon  as  possible,  which  it  will 
doubtlessly  be  forced  to  do  anyv/ay  by  future  developments,   and  the  cir- 
cumstance governing  the  next  phase  of  the  situation. 


'ij 


CO 
CIS 

ro 


cr» 


I  G 


-  6  - 


POLIwSH 


Dziennik  Ziviazkowy,  Feb,  22,  1917 


By  granting  the  President  the  authority  to  defend  American  rights,  Congress 
will  also  grant  .Vilson  the  authority  to  use  aimed  force  for  this  purpose — 
in  effect,  to  wage  war.  In  order  to  conduct  a  war  a  powerful  army  will  be 
indispensable,  and  the  pacifists  in  Congress  will  eventually  have  to  give 
their  consent,  as  other.vise  they  will  be  coinmitting  a  crime  against  their 
own  people,  The^nitedG^States  today  does  not  have  a  modem  army  capable 
of  conducting  a  successful  war,  and  a  volunteer  system  will  not  create  the 
sort  of  army  that  America  will  need.  The  pacifists  will  therefore  at  any 
price  have  to  use  all  means  in  order  to  equip  the  nation  with  the  necessary 
war  materials,  and  also  to  consent  to  a  law  governing  the  universal  military 
training  of  all  American  citizens.  This  will  be  equal  to  compulsory  military 
service  for  the  duration  of  the  war. 

The  United  States  today  finds  itself  on  the  threshold  of  war.  Therefore  it 
is  high  time  to  prepare  for  war.  At  any  rate  it  is  the  least  appropriate 
time  for  any  sort  of  pacifistic  agitation.  Pacificism  in  defense  of  the 
political  situation  in  theAJnited/States  must  be  an  antipatriotic  gesture. 


o 

CO 

en 


I  G 


-  7  - 


POLISH 


Dzlennlk  Zwlazkowy.  Feb*  22,  1917. 

and  the  action  of  an  enemy  of  America,  since  it  can  only  benefit  the 
Teutons,  who  today  are  the  natural  enemies  of  this  country.  He  ¥rtio 
today  cries  for  peace  in  this  country,  and  who  mouths  against  war,  is 
working  either  consciously  or  unconsciously  toward  the  weakening  and 
perhaps  even  the  defeat  of  this  country. 


Madmen  are  those  who  naively  demand  a  universal  vote  or  referendum  on  the 
question  of  war  or  peace.  War  is  like  a  contagious  disease  or  an  elemental 
disaster:  it  descends  of  its  own  accord  with  irresistible  force  and  no 
referendum  can  turn  it  away  or  stop  it,  Just  as  a  general  vote  is  incapable 
of  protecting  us  against  disease  or  floods. 


n3 


In  view  of  the  definitely  approaching  war,  all  sincere  lovers  of  peace  should 
keep  silent,  because  if  war  does  ccme  it  will  come  because  it  was  absolutely 
inevitable,  and  it  will  undoubtedly  bring  after  it  a  better,  more  real 
peace,  because  it  will  be  a  more  lasting  one.  The  revolutionary  elements, 
on  the  other  hand,  v*iich  with  their  suspicious  pacifistic  agitation  only 


I  G 


-  8  - 


POLISH 


Dziennlk  Zwlazkowy,  Feb.  22,  1917 


bring  about  dangerous  confusion  of  public  opinion,  by  this  means  only 
increase  the  scorn  and  arrogance  of  the  Prussians,  encouraging  them  to 
even  more  brutal  violations  of  Americans  rights.  All  protests  against 
war  at  this  time  must  create  the  unfortunate  impression  outside  the  country 
that  the  American  people  in  cov/ardly  fear  of  war  will  not  support  their 
President  in  defense  of  American  rights,  and  that  therefore  anyone  can 
take  whatever  liberties  he  likes  with  a  people  of  this  sort. 


3 
3 


I  a 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazko^v^s   Feb.   10,    1917 


7/JR    JD  RIJ13  CI:   ]3uun3 


(Editorial) 

Yesterday  ;v3  called  yo\xv  attention  to  the  declaration  of  the  Govemnent  of  the 
United  3tatos  tliat  it  v/ould  not  touch  any  money  deposited  in  the  banks,  or  the 
personal  assets  of  any  forei/Ti^rs,  in  the  event  of  a  war  with  Clormany. 

This  should  caLri  all  those  who  do  not  understand  the  situation,  and,  fearing 
we  do  not  know  what,  hurryr  to  the  banks  and  nostal  savings  banks  to  withdraw 
their  deposits. 

Nev;  York's  Nowiny  aodzienue  (Daily  Hews)  has  published  a  rather  severe  repri- 
inand  against  those  v;lio  run  to  the  banks  for  their  -loney  in  order  to  hide  it 
i'-.  tiieir  mattresses, to  the  .[-reat  joy  of  all  sorts  of  burglars  and  tliieves. 
.-jnon^  other  thinf^s  it  v/rites: 


■u 


I  a 


_  o  _ 


POLISH 


Dziennik  :v;iazko^/A%  Feb.  10,  1917 • 

"Thero  will  be  a  war!   Indesd  therj  v/illl  A  v/ar  ivhich  in  the  first  place 
v;ill  take  away  all  the  money  v/hich  the  Poles  hrive  on  deposit  in  banks.  At 
least  this  is  what  one  can  deduce  iron  the  fact  that  nany  Poles  are  rushing 
to  v/ithdrav/  their  aonoy  in  order  to  hide  it  under  the  stove  or  in  a  raattress, 
so  that  thiuves  v;ill  have  soaethin:;  to  steal, 

"Listen,  people!  The  Prussians  ;vill  probably  sprout  v/inss  and  fly  across  the 
.itlantic,  leavin--  their  countr:^  for  the  .J-lies  to  plunder,  in  order  to  fly  to 
/inerica  for  the  purpose  of  takin-^:  the  money  that  tie  Poles  have  on  deposit  in 
the  banks  here. 


Tfrn 


ihereforo,  ran  to  the  banks  and  get  :-our  money  I 

* 

"Oh  people,   pcoplel      .'.Tiat  are  ^ou  afraid  of?      .hat  is  the   sense  of  this?     If 
war  does  break  out   in  the  v/orst  contin^iency,  .uTierica  v;ill  manufacture  cuns 


en 


I  a 


-  3  - 


POLISH 


Dz ionnik  ;>;iazkovr.^ , 


i^cb. 


10,  1917. 


and  Jiiriraunition  as  fast  us  she  can  to  sand  to 


.uropc 


because  on  this  will 


its  chief  support  oT  the  Allies  be  based.  Tha  result  of  this  v/ill  be  such 
that  the  production  of  f^ictories  v;ill  be  even  greater  than  it  is  now,  that 
earnin.^s  v/ill  increase,  because  ulready  miny  factories  are  v/orkiu  day  and 
night. 

'^Do  :''ou  know  that  rirht  now  America  has  riore  than  half  of  all  the  gold  in 
the  world?   /hen  .var  breaks  out  even  move  o£   it  v/ill  be  sent  here,  because 
the  Allies  .iill  pay  for  their  ..ms  and  anmunition.  ;jid  is  it  not  silly  to 
suppose  that  this,  the  ./ealthiest  ccuntr:'-  in  the  world,  should  reach  for  the 
mone"'  which  vou  have  on  denosit  in  the  bariks?" 


o 


T 


r 


Dzienni>    >lazl-o-\^    Feb.    2,   1917. 


T  T  ^  : 


( :"]':^itori-jLl} 

Tl'O  French   senator  and   firr^t-vste   journalist  T'nnry  Ferenf-er  revie-ved   the 
.J-lies*   re-^ly  to  .;il3on»c   neace  note  and  car:"    to  the  conclusion  that   this 
-^^roclanation    shoiol'l  be   favorably  recoiT'od  nvory.vhere,   bocause   ''it   ir    in 
accord  :-ith   our  aim.      :md  thi5r  a i-:— /whether   it  bo  caHed   the  ai-i  of  this 
vjar  V7::ich  -79  did  not  vrant,    or  of   the   ^-^eace  v.hich  v'e  are   seekin-^ — is  the 
return  of  a  T:orrianont   eouilibriun  to   '^jro^e.^' 


'rhe  return  of   territories  to    ir.Vided  countries,    -unisb-^ent   for  the  crimes 
cnrr^jnitted  a^-ainst   then,    and   '-uarantees   for  the  future— these   are  the  alms 
of  the  Jxllies,   \±o  will  defend  th^ir  ri-hts,    vthlch  a--e  at  the   sane  tine 
the  ri  dits   of  the  v/hole  -'orld,    until  conolote  victory  is   attained. 

The  return   of  tho    -rs^-.^^rty   oi'  others,    not  anne-^at ions;   corrections  of  in- 
justices,   not  ne-i  thefts;    ^'uarantees   in  nlace  of  t^-^ranny— these   are  their 

aims. 


/-  T   T   -'T-i 


D:^  i  e  n  n  i  k    >\1  -i  zk  o;'.";  *• , 


7eb. 


1917. 


.i.lsace  anrl  Lorraine  for  Trarice,    'I'ridont  'jjirl     '^'i^^te  for  Ital'^:    all   ..lunianians 
in   one  ?u>inania;    ^el<^iur?i  an-^l    Serbia  r<--^turne-l  to  life;    '  olari'-''   rocon^tn.jcte'i; 
for   -Mssia  an    outlet  to   the   !>rl  it^rranean   throu'"*h  '''onntantlno^'le  an^"^.   the 
Dardanelles — these  are   the  .».llied   air?., 

l:]nf'land ,  vliich  entered  the  -.var  only  to  c:efend  t-^e  ri  tit,  rjen^^inds  for  her- 
self only  re^^arations  for  her  '^:-:p^noe3  and  the  return  of  econoj-aic  fro'^don 
to  J^arope. 

Therefore,    the  ^ur-^ose   of  t-.i;-^  •••;ar  ir-   nnt  conquest  by  rrA^';:it,    h^ut  tie   restora- 
tion  of   justice. 

.Hov;  could  President   ..'ilson  not  acknovrled^^e  th-^  ^"oderation  and    iustice  of 
this   re^-^ly,    vtAoh  lie  hir^s^lf   requested?     '^Yie  .^1].  Les   r??:.ind  hirn  that    it  -laG 
not   they  v/ho   tore  a-nart  the   '>eace  of  l^urooe,    that   thev  bear  no   res^^onsibilit'.^ 
for   it,    but  that   all  the  blan^  falls  on  ..ust^o-Oer^'an^'",    a^-i    th'j.t   one   cannot 
ju^t  v/ash   av^ay   internati^>n-^l   ri\fi'c:^^r^.r\Qez  -/ith  a  s  on:-e  "hich    is   still 


?.->v 


1M7. 


saturated   -vit]'    f^^.e  bloo'""'    of   i'lV^i.^od    ^■•-bo^I--^",    •inc:    h-dve  ^eace.      7f:e  v::.ole 


11^- on.    ry:: 


1 


-vv'-i-'-o     ''-"  o"  '     "h  V'  c>       .  "^  1  i  fj '^     '  "5  n  H  f"- r» '■?  T" ',  i  >"i  r ''      T-;ri '^ '^  fti 


.  ^ 


••'orl^l,    to -eth -a"   //it:.   '  r. 

■^  e  o  '^  1  ^  n '  '^  1)  T  i  n '"'  i '"".  ^ '   i  r,  ■ "  ■'^  '■  o  n  '"^  "'  n  c  9  t  •'"'  '^31    r.  ■  ^  t  ^■.  '~'>  \'\ '"  • 


'^oace  or  thi '^   --ort     vi-^t 


^^  r^r^ 


"-'^""'il  'iT*   in 


■f"  V'  i^      t  ""^  o  o  rt  T    Ti  f 


1 


b^  a   T')U'3  ,   cl^-ir  -^-eace,    a^   Irtelll  -^n^.   j -^   it   i''  :!iinano. 


:i,    bocaara   It  'vill 
It  'vil  1    b^  ■  ;-/rti 


o"?  tr. an? 


■1  rr.-r- 


.4.         _/ 


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jn':^' 


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^> 


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+     \..,-    4^  -L'. 


••.".jr  a  1:^.0   of  tbe  .i.Tli^^.-c  'O.int    l''a    "ain'^^d 

in  their   antlrat''',    r-in^--^  otb'^r',"i  r;-"   t''.  a   ''or'-na  "^    71  ■!  rcr'ain  an   ^t^~:rnal   threat 

to    .^]uroae,   v;hich  a^ain  on    tae   sli-'ht^'-t    -^r-^i-yi.  can  ^  acor'-^   aha  arena   of  a 

urder. 


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c.   ;- 


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riade. 


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i "   '1  n  Ct  "^ )  T  ■"  ^^y  1  "^  ' ''  '1 1  "t  o  I* , 


'  .  '  1  '"^ 


''Th'^  .-lilies^    "'ar  aim^    ':in'"'    ^O'l'^^   C'-^nli"'.! on"-'* — ;;'il'i   T"^".    "^Lilnoill^   in    JaC^Isio"? 


—  ♦'--e-e  'ilreacl^,''  k.io  :n    to  tli';    :ov\'\   t'lron  -h   tho   -.iiblic   •ah-I   official    stutements 
of  til -^  h^-;id'"'   of  the  .J'^ie^   -ovo^^nmr^-pf,- ^   -^rh^   C'';i^^'^ilod   "^^^-thiri"^,   ^md   '^7ho  hcid 
no  ne-^d,   as  the  ^ornan  ''li^mcellor  ^^th^'^^^^n-'^^ll'v'^^^  .-id,    to  cloa'^  the^i^elves 
in  ryntery  an';  re^ervationo,      'Tne    ex^iotion  of  all   tlie  crr-':e^  co^^inltted  by 
^or:::a^^y,    all  the  co'^r^ear?ati^nr  v^r-ich    ;ii3tic<^  d^!iandr>,    and  *':l"ich   are  noces- 
Gary  to   the  return  of   ;;aro^ean   e^uilibriar,     ir-^   r-r^ecif ically  listed.      7ron. 


1  r  "f"  T-  "<  T  T 


Dziennir:    :.-'n-Jiz]:o'..7,    ^ob .   2 ,    1917. 

^el-'^iun  u^  to  I'ol^nd,    thero  a^e    Inclui^d  all   the  countries  •jhl.cri  h-ive  been 
an.nexecl  a^-nln^t  the   "'ill  of   t.'^^ejr  -penj-le — t'  in  "le-iric   also^/Jllat_'^ilrv:ice- 
Lorraine  h^its  been  naried.       ^V'-^-r^thin--*  '•.'liicli   C'lll.-    for  justice   is   inclirled   in 
the  ^lli'^d    v'iP  aims,    that   is,    t'-^.e  liberation  of  all   subject'^d    -'eoples. 
T^iis  is  ho'.v  tlie  n^.:  na^-.  of   "uro^^e    vill    look/* 


."'■»:'.   ^'orbotte   st'it'^."   in    'c'-.o  de  ^aris   that   t'^e  .J.lies   •d'^-^ire  '-'orld    ^eaee  as 
ardently  as  Tresi^^ent    k'.l  son   '"^^^es,    ^n^^    together     Ith   rn/']  ":o'Lld   li'-re   to  fom 
ne-'  nil'-^'^   of    irite^'^national  lif^,    in  or-er   to   'revenr   future     -ars.       {!x^^erience, 
hov/ever,   has   tau'-'ht  them  that  r^.iles   alon--^    -^uarantee   no'';]iin^',    that  they  can 
'jisanpoint,   end  that  force   is  n^^C'-^.-^sa^y  in  crder  to  in.su^^e  respect   f-^s"  la"/ 
ans   ri^*ht» 


CJ' 


'V.ho-'^ver  -ant'-^^   to  histen  the    conin;*   of  t^ -^   future     o'lce   and    -iTe   it  unbreah- 
able    stren'*th,    let   hiin  first  r:a!:e  a   study  of  the    vays   an  i  means   by  "vhich 
our   enemies   coulcl  be  tau-^-'-t   t.^^Vl-^^..      'T'he  true  :';Orality  of  nations,    like  that 


I       ^r 


r  1    T     'T- 


of    inaivi:!ir;l^' , 


;--.    "  .-2  '1         O  >- 


^-"^■f^^-y^-i- 


^ 


>-i     n-^  ^'f". "» 


-■•1  • '  i-^ 


Tot"  in 


-   4-' 


,'»i» 


.'^■*» 


4- v,^. 


r^  -f"    "v-»   -^, 


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-■»- 


n  .  J" 


•_  -  r;  ri  ■'^  -f-^  '•'       -j   ri       i    T  ^')  •  "•  < 


ir''  ;  '^ 


• » 


■f-     T    ■'-N' 


.    .    .L     ^-    . 


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i:n'^or\rv.;].  o\; 


c-.;n^  ot   ]:jl-'    :Io.7n 


r2> 


ivrr-    ■:ric: 


.^ro  1 -"•   noc 


in  -Is   cisi:; 


/  i-i->' 


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::toGd   ^Ms   Ion'*   u  :o.       :u"^l'^  no  ori'^  coul'l   be  found    in    11; e    j^'nt  .j^ericari 
renubli  c  :;ho    iooG  not  j.^u^e   our  convicuion:^  and  v/iic   v;ould  not   aoflMn'l    thio 
deol  oi-^n  o  :"  ours,  '* 

^>a3tav  Eerve  i"'   Tiotoiro  ■:  -uin  roit'^r'-ite-:    th^^^o^  ai-no: 


i  f  •    T 


■>  -n  at 


our  o-'Xice   tor^.'^I      .^oul^l 


"-<- 


n 


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O  -^  1_  n      y^Q  -J  -■;  ■•]_  \^  'j.j 


>  ^        .-•-.->     .   ,  r*; 


I  I 


T        -1 


Jzl'^rni '' 


o 


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._  ^    J-        .■  O    U'    w/  .^  v_'  -         .  '.<.  X   «  i         yA.1  i       ^     ..  L  U. 


C'^nt  i'^.ii'^  t 


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V  cA  -^ 


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v.-, 


•v» 


"•■"■It      ~  c^  /^  -T-  -•    f-,y\  >  . 


J 


'  .•»  • '" 


'  VJ    A.    ^    I   A     ^  —■  J   A.  »    fc  ~  y  .         ..     -A  -       «  •      i  J        .    t    ^  -/  -    ^     1 


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In 


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r  •••  V-, 


.4-      4-.,'. 


jctice,    civili  :'itio:^   ar:;!   h\)"'anit:^'.  " 


,  -r»;    •    ;^         -j 


or 


o 


1 1  ■  -.e    f o  r  -^/'  •'^    J,t  •  i t  e  r . 


'i\ 


r,  rk'^T'     ■  .  T»<^     rt 


"un'^t   nob  rinull'^  bo   noceG^'ir'^^  to  tLL're  ^'^   -^->-vv>.^ 


I  G 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  Jan.  26,  1917. 


THE  LEAGUE  OF  NATIONS 


(Editorial) 


In  his  conception  of  peace,  as  expressed  in  his  address  to  the  Senate  of  the 
United  States,  President  \7ilson  has  set  forth  his  idea  of  a  League  of  Nations*    \ 
Recently  a  grov/ing  tendency  on  the  part  of  neutral  countries  especially  the 
United  States,  to  push  forward  the  idea  of  a  just  and  lasting  peace  has  been 
observed.  These  countries  have  taken  this  attitude  not  only  because  the  v/ar 
has  had  a  bad  effect  on  their  business,  but  primarily  because  they  want  to  take 
an  active  part  in  the  formation  of  the  peace  treaty,  so  that  it  v/ill  be  dra;vn  up 
in  a  way  that  will  be  beneficial  to  them.  The  matter  of  the  future  peace  has  been 
up  to  now,  one  can  say,  primarily  the  concern  of  the  bellicerents.  Now  it  is  the 
aim  of  the  neutral  countries  to  make  it  a  world-wide  question. 


CO 


Simultaneously  the  entire  concept  of  the  future  lasting  peace  has  charged.  From 
the  viev;point  of  the  belligerents,  the  objective  v/as  to  continue  the  war  with 


I  a 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zv/iai:kov;y,  Jan.  25,  1917 


the  conquered  nations  in  the  economic  field  in  order  to  prevent  the  latter 
from  renewing  their  militar:,''  strength.  In  the  lig:ht  which  President  Uilson 
casts  upor  the  subject,  the  future  peace  is  not  to  represent  a  supremacy  of 
one  alliance  over  another,  but  the  dissolution  of  all  separate  alliances  for 
the  purpose  of  establish in^^  in  exchange  one  great  alliance  cor.iposed  of  all  the 
civilized  nations.  This  proposed  alliance  would  strike  vrith  all  its  night 
against  any  country  or  combination  of  countries  v;hich  nig^t  break  away  fron  its 
union.  The  very  possibility  of  the  fomation  of  such  an  alliance  or  League  of 
Nations  presupposes  the  removal  of  all  disputed  questions  botv;eon  the  nations, 
whether  they  be  territorial  pretensions  or  colonial  or  economic  concessions. 
On  the  other  hand,  the  League,  as  conceived  by  the  neutral  pov/ers,  v/ould  make 
all  political  influence,  all  forms  of  secret  protectorates,  and  all  rivalry  for 
such  influence  utterly  useless. 


CD 


CD 


This  idea  is  still  too  new  and  insufficiently  worked  out  to  be  accepted  at  once, 
to  take  root  and  to  change  completely  the  accepted  direction  of  thought.  Besides, 
it  brings  up  several  doubtful  q^uestions.  Let  us  suppose,  hov/ever,  that  at  the 


I  a 


-  3  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazrrov.y ,  Jan»  26,  1917. 


moment  this  idea  of  the  League  v;ould  greatly  simplify  the  solution  of  disputed 
questions.  Let  us  suppose,  for  instance,  that  throurji  this  expedient  the 
German  necessity  for  extending  its  protectorate  over  Poland  would  vanish,  that 
this  same  necessity  in  regard  to  the  Balkan  countries  would  also  vanish.  From 
this  example  alone  one  can  see  how  greatly  the  natter  of  establishing  a  lasting 
peace  would  be  simplified;  but  only  the  matter  of  establishing  it,  not  of  keeping 
it.  The  mere  existence  of  a  League  of  Nations  does  not  by  itself  constitute  a 
state  of  eternal  happiness.  The  future  can  bring  with  it  the  development  of 
new  antagonisms,  new  disputes,  ./ho  can  guarantee  that  within  the  future  League 
itself  new  alliances  v/ill  not  develop  composed  of  disgruntled  nations  which  have 
mutual  interests?  iJven  with  the  existence  of  a  League  of  Nations  it  is  not  im- 
possible to  conceive  that  tv;o  equally  powerful,  mutually  inimical  alliances 
should  arise, in  the  fuce  of  which  the  neutral  members  of  the  League  of  Nations 
might  again  show  themselves  to  be  a  negligible  quantity.  Nevertheless,  the 
League  of  Nations  could  be  a  factor  v/hich  would  greatly  alleviate  the  chaos  in 
international  affairs  v/hich  prevailed  before  thev;ar.  For  this  reason,  v/ithout 
overestim.ating  its  possibilities,  the  idea  of  a  League  of  Nations  should  be  given 


CjO 


JziewiA 


::n  oz.:ov7' 


'■) 


> 


l.'l? 


tJ 


serious  conLiler-atioi.  ii*  only  I'oz''   t:.e  rer:.::o::  t^i.hl  it  r 


;fi'erG  a   3ert-iir:    Gcluuion 


tc   t;ie  cliaotic   ijtate  c 


*•       o. 


1  ^  ^    Ji  ±  ^  -: 


seen? 


v/hic::  nre  j'.o.;  so   t?An-*ied   zh-:J..   It   oor^etines 
that   lie   soiu'Ca.on  ij    iiossibie.   Ti.e  aeco^  o-..  ce  ol'    tiie  iu'v;uo  of  i.?itlcns 


as   a   startinr  poin:.   Tor   ohe    ;rc.i-.:in     up  or    uerms   lor  -    ±-istin-'    ;eace   re:.-oves 
the  riGcessity  of   -'iA/i:!'-*   precade'^ce   to    oi.o    :  roLij];-.:;  aiVi   si^ratofie    interests 
in  the  real:n  of  politico,    and   -.o   Lhe  proLieiris  of  eco..G!.-iio    self-sufficiency 
in  the  event  of  v/ar. 


CD 


cr» 


I  G 

III  B  2 
III  H 
I  C 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkov/y,   Jan.   26,    1917. 


GLKjmiGs  OF  v;il:30N»s  /jddrsgs 


(Editorial) 


It  would  be  useless  to  go  on  at  length  on  the  tremendous  importance,  for  the 
most  noble  progress  of  all  humanity  in  general  and  for  the  liberation  of  our 
homeland  in  particular,  of  the  memorable  act  of  the  President  of  the  United 
States.  By  his  address  V/ilson  turned  a  new  page  in  the  history  of  mankind. 
He  placed  the  cornerstone  of  a  new  epoch  in  the  history  of  humanity.  And 
humanity  in  time  v;ill  gradually  have  to  come  to  the  building  of  this  magni- 
ficent structure  of  a  better  future  for  all. 

That  viiich  for  the  past  few  hundred  years  has  been  f^ping   on  in  the  minds  of 
pioneers  of  human  progress  like  a  golden  thread  v/eaving  in  and  out  of  their 
thoughts  and  ideas,  opening  v/ider,  brighter  paths  to  the  civilized  life  of 
nations  and  hurling  anathemas  at  thrones  and  autocratic  governments,  has  now 
been  openly  proclaimed.  That  which  v/as  ridiculed,  laughed  at  as  the  Utopian 


"O 


o 

Co 


_    *^    - 


POLISH 


B 
H 


Dziennik  Zwiazkovvy,   Jan*   26,   1917. 


I  G 
III 
III 
I  C 

;vanderinps  of  incorrir:ible  dreamers,  ;vas  for  the  first  time  pointed 
out  to  humanity,  dripping  v/ith  blood  and  misfortune,  as  the  only  real  and 
rational  road  leading  out  of  the  vicious  circle  of  endless  wars,  v;hich  otherwise 
must  produce  only  new  crimes  and  new  suffering.  The  great  L'rench  Revolution, 
through  its  Declaration  of  the  Rights  of  ...an,  bringing  individual  freedom  or 
rather  release  of  the  individual  from  the  bonds  of  the  Liddle  Ages,  opened  an 
entirely  nev;  era  to  hUxmanity.   v;ilson*s  address  at  .Vashington,  having  behind 
it  the  authority  of  the  highest  representative  and  spokesman  of  the  greatest 
republic  in  the  world,  can  justly  be  considered  an  equally  epochal  declaration 
of  the  rights  of  nations,  a  declaration  which  heralds  liberty,  independence, 
unity  and  equality  of  rights  of  all  civilized  nations. 

The  fact  that  at  the  same  time  Poland  was  called  upon  to  serve  as  an  example  of 
the  only  means  by  which  the  causes  of  v;ars  could  be  removed,  by  which  the 
crimes  and  injustices  of  the  past  could  be  remedied  not  for  sentimental  reasons, 
not  for  the  sake  of  somebody's  "beautiful  eyes,"  but  in  the  actual  interests 
of  the  future  of  all  countries  and  peoples,  serves  as  a  partial  compensation  to 


CO 
en 


I  G  -  3   -  POLISH 

III   B  2 

III  H  Dziennik  Zv/iazkov>>y,   Jan.    26,   1917. 

I  C 

us  for  the  horrors  we  have  suffered  in  the  past,  and  a  down  payment 

for  and  a  reliable  surety  of  a  better  future. 

The  blood  of  our  heroes  v;as  not  and  will  not  have  been  shed  in  vain,  this  blood 
of  the  best  sons  of  I-Iother  Poland,  who  on  both  hemispheres  of  the  globe  have, 
with  their  widely  scattered  bones,  made  the  soil  fertile  for  the  seeds  of 
liberty,  not  some  sort  of  abstract  liberty,  but  a  realistic  liberty  without 
which — as  ..ilson  justly  said — there  can  be  no  talk  of  a  lasting  peace,  and  with- 
out which,  if  peace  were  to  be  concluded,  it  would  be  only  another  crime 
demanding  its  own  overthrow  and  a  new  even  more  horrible  war. 

For  the  Polish  immigrant  group  in  the  United  States,  broken  up  by  the  suppura- 
tive activities  of  political  loudmouths  who  blindly  and  erroneously  follov/  the 
examples  and  commands  which  issue  from  Berlin  or  Vienna,  the  part  of  v;ilson*s 
address  which  places  the  matter  of  a  united,  independent,  and  autonomous  Poland 
as  a  most  vital  condition  of  the  future  peace  treaty  must  at  long  last  serve 
them  as  the  only  time  political  guide  post.  For  those  who  doubt,  hesitate,  are 


I  G 
III 
III 
I  C 


B 
H 


-  4  - 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  Jan.  26,  1917. 


POLISH 


confused,  or  look  to  others  for  sorae  sort  of  diplomatic  concession. 
President  v;ilson»s  energetic,  open,  absolute,  and  decided  assurance  that 
"statesmen  everywhere  are  ap:reed  that  there  should  be  a  united,  independent, 
and  autonomous  Poland,  and  that  henceforth  inviolable  security  of  life,  wor- 
ship, and  industrial  and  social  development  should  be  guaranteed  to  all  peoples 
v;ho  have  lived  hitherto  under  the  pov/er  of  governments  devoted  to  a  faith  and 
purpose  hostile  to  their  own"  should  suffice. 

If  the  most  honored  statesman  of  the  iUnerican  republic,  as  though  speaking  in 
the  name  of  all  statesmen,  openly  places  before  the  whole  v/orld  in  his  program 
the  solution  of  the  Polish  question  as  a  condition  sine  qua  non  of  the  future 
peace,  surely  not  a  single  Polish  statesman,  either  in  Poland  or  America,  can 
hesitate,  for  any  reasons  v;hatsoever,  to  accept  all  these  postulates  in  their 
entirety. 

This  thought  was  voiced  decidedly  and  unequivocally  by  the  most  important 
nationalistic  Polish  immigrant  organizations  in  the  recently  published  telegram 


Co 

'"NO 


POLISH 


H 


Dziennik  Zv;iazk:ov;y,  Jan.  26,  1917. 


I  g 

III 
III 
I  C 

of  the  Central  Board  of  Directors  of  the  Polich  national  Alliance  to 
President  IVilson,  in  v;hich  the  Central  Board  e:cpressed  its  gratitude  for  his 
noble  and  unbiased  defense  of  the  postulates  of  a  united,  independent,  and 
autonomous  Poland.   It  v;ould  be  an  insult  to  our  national  honor,  it  ;vould  be 
an  unforgivable  apostasy  and  abne/r^ation,  if  anyone  here  v/ere  still  to  yield 
any  one  of  these  postulates.  Casting  aside  all  biased  considerations,  we 
should  exert  all  our  strength  and  resources  in  a  united  effort  to  demand  as 
much  as  possible,  to  demand  everything,  to  relinquish  nothing,  to  hold  nothing 
back,  in  order  to  gain  at  the  end  of  the  war  all  the  rights  due  the  Polish 
nation. 

Vifilson  has  spoken  in  the  name  of  all  Poland! 

He  himself  has  said:   "Perhaps  I  am  the  only  person  in  high  authority  among  all 
the  peoples  of  the  world  who  is  at  liberty  to  speak  and  hold  nothing  back.  I 
am  speaking  as  an  individual,  and  yet  I  am  speaking  also,  of  course,  as  the 
responsible  head  of  a  great  government,  and  I  feel  confident  that  I  have  said 


CO 


-  6  - 


POLISH 


Dziemik  Zv/iazjcory,   Jan.   26,   1917. 


I  G 

III  B  2 
III  H 
I  C 

v/hat  the  people  of  the  United  States  would  wish  me  to  say.  Llay  I 
not  add  tliat  I  hope  and  believe  that  I  am  in  effect  spealciUo  for  liberals  and 
friends  of  hiimanit\''  in  every  nation  and  for  every  program  of  liberty?  I  would 
fain  believe  that  I  an  speaking  for  the  silent  mas r^es  of  manlcind  everywliere 
vAio  have  as  yet  had  no  place  or  opportunity  to  speak  their  real  hearts  out 
concerning  tlie  death  and  ruin  which  they  have  seen  come  alre?^.d;r  upon  the  persons 
and  hones  they  hold  most  dear." 

A  singular  honor  has  been  besto?;ed  upon  us,  which,  nevertheless,  places  upon  us 
certain  grave  responsibilities.  From  this  all  Polish- Americans  can  draw  only 
one  conclusion,  one  and  only  one  line  of  direction  for  their  national  program, 
not  taking  away  one  iota  from  V/ilson's  condition  for  peace  of  a  united,  independ- 
ent, and  autonomous  Poland. 


Ti 


-T3 

3C7 


CO 


Wilson's  assurance  that  "statesmen  ever:v-T.';here  have  agreed-*  to  the  above  plan 
for  solving  the  Polish  quest ioi  opens  wide  horizons  for  our  most  cherished 
hopes.  He  made  this  statement  with  all  the  gravity  befit">ing  the  responsible 


B 
H 


Dziennik  Zv/iazkowy,  Jan*  26,  1917. 


I  G  -  7  -  POLISH 

III 

III 

I  C 

head  of  the  Goveniraent  of  the  United  States.   Furtheimore,  he  stated 
only  those  things  which  up  to  now,  for  diplomatic  and  strategic  reasons, 
responsible  statesmen  of  v/estern  Europe  did  not  as  yet  dare  express. 

7/e  v;ish  to  remind  you  that  in  this  very  space  only  about  a  month  ago,  we  printed 
an  outstanding  article  on  the  Polish  question  by  !.:•  Leblond,  French  journalist 
and  statesman.  Motivated  by  the  protests  and  complaints  of  the  Poles  in  Paris, 
embittered  by  the  undecided  stamd  of  the  Allies  in  regard  to  the  Polish  question 
after  the  iiUstro-G-erman  proclamation  in  VVarsav/,  and  demanding  the  complete 
independence  of  a  reunited  Poland,  lU.  Leblond  appealed  to  us,  Polish-Americans. 
He  pointed  to  V/ilson,  adding  that  today  V/ashington  can  do  everything  in  this 
matter,  and  that  only  later,  much  later,  will  the  Poles  learn  hov;  much  they  are 
indebted  in  this  matter  to  French  diplomacy,  especially  to  Briand,  and  also  to 
England* 3  erstv;hile  premier,  i^squith. 

President  .7ilson*s  statement  on  the  Polish  question  v/ill  be  the  touchstone  for 
the  patriotism  of  this  handful  of  Polish  immigrants,  fortunately  not  very  large. 


:^ 

CD 
Co 


r 


G 


-  8   - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zv;iazko;vy,   Jan.  26,    1917. 


III  B  2 
III  H 
I  C 

which  has  allov.'ed  itself  to  be  taken  in  by  the  scheminc  and  clever 
v/hisperin^s  of  the  corrupters  of  our  people,  f^rouped  about  the  so-called  K.C.N. 
^o.Tuaittee  of  National  BefenseJ,     I.lenbers  of  this  coFiiittee,  v/ith  complete 
shamelessness  ,  have  nov;  torn  off  their  masks,  revealing  faces  stamped  with  the 
ignoiriiny  of  national  betrayal.   Brash  and  blov;n  up  v;ith  their  ov.n  self- 
importance,  they  decided  suddenly  and  rashly  to  take  advantage  of  the  address 
to  further  their  ovn  Prussphile  interests.  Gathered  together  at  their  hanrout 
in  Ilev;  York,  they  sent  an  '^address,'*  that  is,  a  telegram,  to  President  v;ilson, 
in  v;hich  they  maintained  absolute  silence  on  the  subject  of  the  reuniting  of 
independent  Poland  as  a  condition  for  peace,  as  definitely  set  forth  by  V/ilson, 
and  requested  only  the  recognition  of  an  ''independent  Congress  district.'' 
^translator's  note:  a  small  section  of  Poland  ratified  by  the  Congress  of 
Vienna  as  an  independent  state,  but  never  actually  granted  this  independence ,7 
They  did  this  because  the  recognition  of  the  "independence"  of  such  a  tiny 
Polish  state  could  be  only  to  the  advantage  of  the  Teutons.  For  this  action 
they  were  deservedly  commended  by  the  Pole-eating  Staats-Zeitung,  which  at  the 
same  time  rebuked  President  V/ilson  for  not  first  learning  from  the  leaders  of 
the  K.OtN.  what  sort  of  Poland  ^ustro -Germany  wants  to  have  after  the  war. 


Co 


II  ■ 

0   10 

III 

■p    9 

1  >        t'-  J 

III 

•♦  ^ 

D z i p n n  1  k    _>; '  1  a z :-: ovr/ ,    Jem.     :3,    1917 


i-     -1.    -It  . 


TO 


'r,- 


'CLI:j3I 


.'il:^  on, 


n 


.j"ierican  citizen '^.  of   "-.jliF;li   bloo^l  door''!    it  a    ^••rivilo'-o  to   o:r"'reo>o   to  tlie 
7  resilient   of  t-.o  T^nited    ^t-Mt--^:-'   tlieir  -icrnniti  "-n  for  ::io  '■^'ast^rf^l   -presenta- 
tion  to  the  "/hol'^  ^-'orlrl    of  th^.   i^iie-'tion   of  tl--   o-^jtabl  i.'^h'^'^nt   and   ^reserva- 


r  r» 


-  r      •^■;  1  n  '^'       d   ^  ^  "i  r  '^ 


•  V  -         J.      ^-  -  >.'  w' 


to   .v^oij J    '  .r,  ^^'ro ■;" i:lor:t     th^ir   '^rofaani    t^^a'^'^:-   for  t/'i'-?  r-'^f^^ronco  I'olatlr'^  to 


^^land   ao  ori'"^  of  the  con-Jitlono 


tion  of   '^aoe,    h'i.'''-d  u-^or    eaaalit;'  and    /'n.-tic'e. 

to   ./oUj   ^  r.  ■:'re':^i::ent,    th^ir   -^rol 

t  ii e   n  0  c  e  0  s  1 1  y  o  f  r  eo  o  *" n  i  '^  1.  r  "  a   f  r o  e   '■■•ri d   ur  i  t  e d 

necessary  to  the   e3tabli3h:ient   and   ::-aintonan'Jo  of  ^eace. 

:^'lea3e  accent   personally  our  love,    ad^:lration,   and    -ratltude,    and   as   I^resi^ent 
of   the  United  Jtates,    our  lo-^'-iltv  and   d'^votion. 


.5 


II    J    10 


III  : 


o 

■J 


■»   T 


Dzi'^nniz    ';-1  n.z>n-rr  ^    7'in.    '^3,    1017. 

•  ..)i '-nature  of  all  t.;;e    '^r 'v-ni'^ation'^   r'r-^r^-^'^nt^d  by  t':e 


;'Trc'.n  3 1  a  tor'  z  r..  ^-t  e :      T?.  ^^^  -^  o    '""^.r '^^nthese  s  'i  r^'- 
O-^ntr'nl      olir^h     i^lief  Co^nrritt^e. 


L-L    V 


o 


-f»       4-' 


n-i 


'M-' 


*^ 


.  •    J.    livM.vidual   -  olor:   -j/i':    .  oli  ^'h    nocietir-^s   ■-.a:"   r:en^    copies  of   this   tele'*raTn 
in   'lecord'irce  ;'ith  the  a-r-'oeul    of   t^ie  Oati-'fi-d    Dop^irtinont   of  t:.e  Ool  ioli 
r'atlon-il  .1.11 'onco,    :;  'fiin"  on];;''  t:  oir  si^'*nat'.:r''^'.o   and   addreo.ses. 


I  G 

I  D  1  a 

I  3 


POLISK 


Dziennik  Zv7iazko\\ry,  Dec,   27,   1916 • 


TfC  DISASTER  OF   .L^  AID  Pi^CS 


(Editorial) 


Last  week  was  uiarked  as  a  week  of  disaster  and  ruin  for  speculators  in  the 
New  York  Stock  Exchan^a  v/lio  soucht  quick  and  easy  v;ealth  without  work*  It 
was  only  a  saiiple,  however,  a  preview  of  the  catastrophe  that  inay  cone  any 
day,   brin^ang  financial  ruin  to  a  great  niany  people. 


The  prospect  of  peace,  result inc  from  the  Gernian  proposals  and  intensified  by 
President  V/ilson*s  enigmatical  note,  precipitated  an  unusual  and  dangerous 
decline  of  prices  in  the  stock  market.  To  -rtmerican  speculators,  peace  means 
the  end  of  war  profits,  the  stoppage  of  the  flow  of  £pld,  that  manna  of  which 
only  crumbs  fall  to  the  loasses,  while  a  favored  few  gather  in  almost  everything. 
Peace  also  means  financial  ruin  to  stock  market  speculators,  v/ho  form  a  numerous 
group  here  in  America. 

A  sv/ift  drop  in  stock  quotations  began  then,   because  there  was  a  prospect  of 


o 


CD 


I  G 

nri  a 

I  E 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zv/iazkovjy^  Dec.  27,  1916 


peace  in  the  offing*  And  when  Secretary  of  State  Lansing  began  to  interpret 
V/ilson*s  note  as  a  war  threat,  the  possibility  of  .merican  entr^mce  into  the 
World  ..ar  arose  acain*  Still  greater  confusion  reigned  on  the  Stock  Exchange, 
and  the  drop  in  stock  prices  was  still  more  sudden* 

The  first  explanation  by  Lansing  of  V/ilson*s  note  was  understood  to  mean  tliat 
V/ilson,  in  his  note,  v;arned  that  the  danger  of  var  seriously  menaced  the  United 
States*  IJhoever  speculated  in  stocks  sold  his  shares  at  any  price*  On  the 
following  da27,  a  nev;  explanation  froi.i  Lansing  steadied  the  stock  market  again, 
and  speculators  hoping  to  recoup  their  losses  of  the  day  before,  tried  frantical- 
ly to  buy  back  the  shares  they  had  sold  at  a  loss.  The  resulting  confusion  on 
the  iiJxchange  was  such  as  had  not  been  seen  for  a  long  time.  There  were  no  black- 
er days  for  speculators  since  the  Lusitania  disaster* 


"T3 
CD 


re 


It  is  a  curious  and  striking  circumstance  that  the  stock  market  is  thrown  into 

a  panic  both  at  the  prospect  of  peace  and  at  the  prospect  of  v/ar*  In  either  case, 

the  speculators  are  guided  by  blind  instincts  of  self-preservation;  they  do  not 


• 


I  G 


I 
I 


D 

E 


1  a 


-  3  - 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  Dec.  27,  1915, 


POLISE 


stop  to  consider  the  nost  pivDbable  consequences ^f  their  actionsT".     In  such 
cases,  the  natural  instincts  for  speculation,  tlieir  ability  to  link  cause 
and  effect  deludes  these  poople,  and  no  aniDunt  of  experience,   no  matter  how 
recent,  helps  them. 

At  the  present  time,  the  /onerican  stock  market  is  steady  again,   and  the  possi- 
bility of  American  entrance  into  the  v/ar  is  less  and  less  discussed.     But, 
nevertheless,   the  above-mentioned  incidents  bring  to  light  the  unwholesome 
conditions  existing  in  American  stock  markets.     During';  the  past  few  years,  as 
the  European  v;ar  lias  drawn  itself  out,   these  conditions  liave  become  proportion* 
ately  worse.     V/ar  industry  has  grovm  and  prospered,   crushing  beneath  its  ab- 
noriiTal  growth  the  legitir.iiite  industry**  upon  which  our  economic  life   is  founded— 
the  industry  that  satisfies  a  society's  poacetiiae  needs,  primarily  internal 
needs. 


The  v.ar  profits  of  financial  and  industrial  ST^eculators  cannot  even  in  the 
smallest  measure  make  ud  for  the  enormous  economic  losses  suffered  at  the 


I  G 


I 
I 


D 
E 


-  4  - 


POLISH 


1  a 


Dziennik  ZwiazkOTiry.  Dec.  27,  1916 


P3?esent  tiine  by  the  whole  mass  of  .ijaerican  society*  Cur  iUrierican  economic 
situation  would  be  a  creat  deal  healthier  iT  the  United  States  v;ere  actually 
©ngaged  in  the  war  on  one  side  or  the  other*  At  least  the  return  to  normal 
conditions  on  conclusion  of  the  v.^r  would  bo  less  painful. 

As  thincs  now  stand,  peace  in  iilurope  will  nean  econonic  disaster  Tor  the 
United  States.  It  will  be,  however,  an  inescapable  evil,  something  in  the 
nature  of  an  unpleasant,  difficult,  but  very  necessary  operation. 


O 


CO 

ro 


I  G 

III  H 


PCLISH 


Dziennik  Zv/iazkov/y,  Feb,  16,  1916 


FCLAKD'S  GETKSSIlAIffi 


(Editorial) 

This  is  Poland's  midnicht  in  the  Garden  of  Gethsemane,  The  agony  of  the  dark 
hour  cannot  be  uttered •  Never  before  in  hundreds  of  years  has  a  v;hole  people 
been  sacrificed  so  ruthlessly. 

Behind  curtains  of  iron  the  frightful  tragedy  is  being  enacted*  We  are  for- 
tunate, perhaps,  that  v;e  cannot  see  the  tortures  in  their  nude  horror,  the 
tortures  to  which  txventy  million  people  are  subjected.  The  v/ail  of  innocent 
babes,  sick,  starving,  and  dying,  would  be  intolerable*  The  outcry  of  the 
myriads  of  mothers,  helpless  before  their  dying  children,  would  be  heart-rending 
The  lamentations  of  millions  of  men  and  women  struck  dovm  in  the  glory  of 
maturity,  some  by  hunger,  others  by  the  swift  violence  of  war,  v/ould  be  over- 
wheL^ing. 

Poland,  caught  betv/een  titanic  hostile  forces,  is  paying  the  extreme  penalty. 


o 


I  G 
III  H 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkov/y,  Feb.  16,  1916* 


Eer  sons  are  divided.  By  a  cynical  decree  of  destiny  Poles  must  fight  against 
their  blood-brothers  in  a  war  not  of  their  choosing.  And  while  brothers  are  -o 
so  arrayed  against  each  other  an  econoriic  struggle  impalpable  as  the  breath  ^ 
of  an  infernal  god  lays  waste  the  land  of  their  birth.  This,  in  truth,  is  p 
Poland's  midnight  hour  in  the  Garden  of  Gethsemane.  A  day  of  promise  will  ^ 
shine  in  Poland  if  the  awfulness  of  the  present  can  be  survived.  The  wrongs  g 
committed  a  century  and  a  half  ago  have  played  their  part  in  causing  this  mad-  ^ 
ness  of  self-destruction  now  devastating  Europe*  Geimany  and  Russia  and  Austria 
are  draining  to  the  dregs  the  cup  of  bitterness  v/hich  v/as  foreordained  ivhen 
Poland  v/as  dismembered. 

The  tragedzv"  is  that  not  only  are  zhe   international  sins  of  the  fathers  visited 
upon  the  children  unto  the  third  and  fourth  generation.  More  terrible  is  x.he 
visitation  upon  the  children  of  them  who  were  violated.  For  so  inextricably 
are  we  bound  together  as  members  of  the  same  human  race  that  evil  avenges  it- 
self upon  the  just  and  the  \injust,  upon  the  slayers  and  the  slain. 


'j3 


«  III  II 


-  3  - 


POLISH 


Dziennlk  Zvjiazkowy,  Feb,  15,  1916. 


Poland  will  rise  again  because  nen  are  recocnizing  the  inexorable  conseq^uences  ^ 
of  their  acts.  So  far  as  Europe  is  able,  the  ancient  kingdom  v;ill  be  restored.  ^ 
The  very  existence  of  all  races  demands  it.  Poland  resiirgent  in  a  peaceful 
Europe!  God  speed  the  day. 


30 


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III  H 

II  D  10 
17 


POLISH 


Dziennlk  Ziwiazkowy,  Nov*  19,  1915 • 
A  PLEA  FOR  POLAND 


In  the  Nov*  11th  issue  of  Leslie's  Weekly  we  find  a  verse  written  by  an 
American  writer,  Miss  Minna  Irving,  which  was  translated  for  our  paper 
by  Mrs*  M*  Sakowski,  relating  to  the  hardships  of  Poland,  the  result  of 
war;  it  reads  as  follows: 

A  Plea  For  Poland 
The  snow  that  over  Poland  lies 
Is  darkly  stained  with  red* 
The  winds  that  over  Poland  sighs 
Brings  broken  cries  for  bread* 
Where  Paderewski's  music  rose 
And  our  Kosciuszko  fell 
Are  beggars  waiting  in  the  snow 
A  piteous  tale  to  tell* 
Her  homes  are  ground  to  dust  beneath 
The  conqueror's  iron  heel* 


-  2  - 


POIJSH 


Dzlennik  Zv;iazkc;vy,  Kcv.  19,  1915. 


The  wolf  of  fainine  bares  his  teeth 

Beside  the  naked  steel; 

^he  cradles  on  her  v/asted  breast 

A  babe  too  v;eak  to  feed. 

Arise  I  Empire  of  the  est, 

iind  help  her  in  her  need. 

'•^he  love  of  freedom  in  the  blood 

Cf  Poland  ever  runs, 

M.nd  links  her  o'er  the  briny  flood 

To  freedom's  favored  sens. 

•^o  from  the   --lenty  v/e  coirimand, 

C'  let  us  nov;  display 

The  spirit  of  the  open  hand 

And  smooth  her  troubled  v;ay. 


I  G 

III  H  (Hungarian) 

II  B  2  d   (1) 

III  0 
I  C 


Dziennik  Zwiazkovp^    July  16,   1915, 
.^USTRO-irUNGuJil.uI  .iCTIVIvI^o   Hi  ..LURICa 


PCLIoE 


Continuinc  a  series  of  articles  exposing  .xUstro-Hungarian  activities  against 
munition  manufacturers  and  kindred  propaganda,  the  Zgoda ,  (a  Polish  daily), 
an  official  organ  of  the  Polish  National  rilliance,  gives  details  of  ho;v  the 
Austrian  secret  a(5ents,  Hausner  and  i.J.ynarski,  installed  and  maintained  a 
national  polyglot  press  agency  and  subsidy •  Detroit,  Cleveland,  Buffalo, 
Scranton,  and  Toledo  were  the  centers  of  this  pernicious  propaganda  in  the 
middle  ■Vesto  New  York,  and  Chicago  v;ero  the  fountainheads  of  it,  and  the 
Austrian  embassy  in  V/ashington,  tlirough  the  secret  agents  liausner  and 
Ivllynarski,  its  directing  genius,  says  the  Polir.h  Daily  Zgoda> 

The  time  of  its  birth  v/as  the  arrival  in  the  United  otates  of  the  agents 
Kausner  and  lllynarski*  Its  spread  was  marked  in  an  unvarying  course  by  an 
itinerary  of  these  men  about  the  country,  and  its  effects  are  seen  in  con- • 
troversies  of  both  clerical  and  lay  cliaracter  in  the  section  referred  to  by 
Dr.  Dumba  in  his  nov  famous  strike  proposal  to  Foreign  Llinister  Burian  in 


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III  H 
IV 


P0LL3H 


Dziemiik  Zvviazkovr/^^    ^uly  15,   1915 • 

PCLiSFi  ii:i:v;3P.j^i]:R  coi^iL^sPOrn^in:?  frol:  chic/xGo  aR.UTri]D  .^i 

iittj:rvi2v/  with  rusji.  jt  prii.1i:  kitii3Tj:r 


(rJditorial) 

I  had  the  honor  to  be  ^^anted  an  interview  v/ith  His  ^iccellency,  Llr. 
Goremykin,  Prime  Liinister  of  I'^ssia,  the  man  who,  next  to  the  3mperor, 
is  the  (^^roatest  in  the  ^iinpire  in   pov.-er  ?and  influence*   It  v;as  not  an 

interview,  he  said,  but  a  visit  d'-rinc  v/hich  the  Premier  expressed  his 
ideas. 

P.e  did  not  receive  ne  as  a  nev/spaper  correspondent  seeking  an  interview, 
but  he  did  consent  to  his  utterances  being  published  in  the  Chicago  Herald. 
You  will  note  that  on  each  page  of  this  letter  the  word  "correct"  occurs 
with  the  signature  of  3.  Yourief,  the  Premier's  secretar^y^,  v/ithout  which 


^ 


**...  ->».' 


I  g 

III  H 
IV 


POLISH 


Dziennik  ZYaazkoyrri  July  15,  1915* 


it  would  be  impossible  for  the  docuinent  to  leave  imssia  and  which  proves 
its  authenticity. 

The  interviews  or  audiences  v/ith  the  other  ministers  vmich  I  have  had  are 
similarly  authenticated.   I  considered  those  utterances  and  the  sources 
from  which  they  came  of  such  great  importance  that  I  did  not  want  to 
leave  the  least  doubt  about  their  authenticity. 

I  was   received  by  the  Premier  in  his  summer  residence  at  the  appointed 
time,  v;hich  v/as  three  o'clock   :'iturday  afternoon. 

The  residence,  which  is  a  frame  building  and  situated  next  to  that  of 
the  Empress  Dowager,  is  severely  plain,  and  it  t\i)ifies  the  unassmning 
simplicity  and  modesty  of  the  c-reat  man  who  occupies  it. 

The  Premier,  I  am  told,  is  seventy-five  years  of  age,  but  looks  vigorous 


^  t 


,  1  ••  •'  ••■ 


i 


J 


G 


-  o  - 


rOLIbTI 


III  H 
IV 


Dziennik  Zvviazkowy,  July  lo,  1915. 


aiid  healthy.  He  is  rather  small  of  stature  for  a  Russian.  Russians, 
as  a  rule,  are  quite  tall,  but  the  Preiiier  has  a  fine,  big  head  and  pene- 
trating eyes.  He  received  me  very  kindly  and  by  his  simple,  unaffected 
manner  made  me  feel  at  home. 

I  was  most  agreeably  surprised  and  delighted  v;hen  I  heard  that  the  Premier 
spoke  -::n,5lish.  Vihile  it  is  true  that  all  educated  IMssiaiis  now  speak 
Enrjlish  as  v/ell  as  French  almost  as  fluently  as  their  ov/n  language,  yet 
during  the  generation  to  which  the.  Premier  belongs  the  En  li.ii  language 
was  not  given  the  same  reco.i;nition  as  that  of'  the  r'rench.  our  conversa- 
tion v;as,  therefore,  carried  on  in  linglish. 

By  way  of  introduction,  I  told  the  Premier  briefly  the  purpose  of  my  coming 
to  Petrograd.   I  told  him  that  I  v/as  an  /anerican  citizen  of  Polish  nation- 
ality; that  the  people  of  .imerica  are  deeply  interested  in  the  fate  of 


■  >  '1 


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I  G 


JT 


III  H 
17 


.  4  . 


Dziennik  Zv/iazkov/yt   July  15,   1915 


POLISH 


Poland,  and  are  sjnnpat:  I'.z'^i'^r  with  the  Poles  because  of  their  frightful 
suffering  in  this  terrible  ..-.r,  and  are  contributing  jnoney  to  alleviate 
their  suffering*  I  also  told  hiia  that  they  read  v;ith  great  interest, 
the  proclamation  issued  by  the  Commander  in  Chief  of  the  ir^ssian  riirny, 
Grand  Duke  Nicholas,  pronising  freedom  to  Poland,  and  that  they  would 
like  to  see  that  promise  realized. 

I  then  asked  the  Premier  vmether  the  proclamation  of  the  Comraander  in 
Chief  was  made  v;ith  the  knowledge  and  sa^^ction  of  the  jimperor  and  his 
ministers.  Ke  replied: 

"The  proclamation  v/as  made  by  the  Grand  Duke  v/ith  the  knowledge  and  sanction 
of  the  ilmperor  and  of  the  ministry". 

Next,  I  asked  the  following  question: 


\:j 


I  G 

III  H 


-  5  - 


POLiai 


Dziennik  Zwiazkpy;y,  July  15,  1915 


"iiVhat  has  been  done  to  put  that  promise  into  efi^ect,  and  make  it  a 
reality?" 

In  ansv/er  the  Premier  told  ne  that  a  corrjiiission  has  been  appointed,  coir.- 
posed  of  six  Poles  and  of  six  loissians,  which  connission  is  at  the  pre- 
sent time  engaged  in  preparing  a  plan  to  put  the  promise  contained  in 
the  Grand  Dulce^s  proclamation  into  a  concrete  form,  in  so  far  as  that  v/ill 
be  possible  under  existing  conditions  and  circum.stances. 

I  next  called  the  rremier*s  attention  to  the  fact  that  the  German  army  is 
at  the  present  time  occupying  most  of  Poland.  In  vie^v  of  that,  I  asked 
him  hovj  the  promise  to  make  Poland  free  could  be  accom.plished.   I  received 
the  following  answer: 

♦♦The  occupation  of  Poland  by  the  German  army  is  only  tempor^-ir:,^;  Russia 


/  - 


I  G 
III  H 


^1 


OLI.:JH 


Dziermik  Zv^iazIvO'wy^  ^uly  15,  1915# 


is  determined  to  oarry   on  this  v;ar  not  only  until  tl:e  iCJermans  are  driven 
out  of  Pol?.md,  but  until  v^emiany  is  conpletely  cinished^ 

"This  is  the  sentiiiient  of  the  jiuperor,  of  the  v/hole  government,  and  of 
the  pLUSsirin  nation*   -.e  are  all  as  one  on  that  point.  ..fter  that  is  ac- 
complished, then  all  the  three  parts  of  Pol.and  v;ill  be  united  and  made 
free  in  accordance  with  the  GrcUid  Dulce's  proclcimaticn*'' 

I  asked  him  tv;o  other  cuesticns,  not  relating  to  the  Polish  situation, 
which  he  did  not  ansv.er,  but  he  did  advi:;e  me  to  see  the  ministers  v/ho 
have  charge  of  these  affairs.   I  v/as  deeply  impressed  v/ith  the  frankness 
of  the  Premier's  ansv/ers  to  my  nuesticns,   I  may  add  that  the  Preiider 
begcin  his  political  career  in  Poland,  having  held  his  first  important 
office,  that  of  a  commissioner,  in  that  country •  He  is,  therefore,  ;vell 
acquainted  v/ith  the  Poles  and  the  Polish  :uestion« 


(sie^ned) 


N,  L.  Piotrowski, 
Viar  Correspondent 


J  .. 


i.  ■  ^v 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwlazkoivy,  Feb.  26,  1915, 


AMERICA'S   DEFEAT 


(Editorial) 


The  United  States  has  made  erroneous  and  unwise  steps  on  several  occasions  ever 
since  the  very  beginning  of  the  present  conflict  in  Europe.  Such  conduct  is, 
in  fact,  very  dangerous.  Some  of  the  diplomatic  statements  contain  traces  of 
a  partisan  and  self-centered  kind  of  politics,  betraying  lack  of  knowledge  of 
world  conditions.  Some,  again,  seem  to  imply  that  America  can  dictate  to  the 
whole  world  and  guide  its  politics.  All  this  indicates  that  Americans  are  good 
businessmen  but  provincial  politicians,  unable  to  grasp  the  broader  political 
horizons.   Our  efforts  finally  terminate  in  a  fiasca  because  the  foreign  powers 
pay  no  attention  to  all  our  threatening  notes  and  protests. 

Moreover,  in  recent  times  the  strong  influence  of  the  local  Germans  upon  the 
American  Grovernment  can  be  distinguished.   This  may  have  unpleasant  repercus- 
sions in  the  future  relationships  between  America  and  iiXirope.  It  is  a  known 
fact  that  wherever  Germans  settle,  they  become  a  detriment  to  their  environment, 


r? 


u 


.« 


I  G 
I  J 
I  C 


-  2  - 


Dzleanik  Zwiazkowy,  Feb.  26,  1915. 


POLISH 


exploiting  it  for  the  benefit  of  their  fatherland,  even  though  their  attitude 
redounds  to  the  detriment  of  the  country  that  which  has  hospitably  received 
them.  Congressman  Berchtold  of  Missouri  has  declared  that  all  American  Ger- 
mans, even  to  the  third  generation  of  iicinigrants,  will  fight  for  the  preserva- 
tion of  their  fatherland.  That  would  be  very  well  if  they  wanted  to  go  to 
Europe  to  fight  and  could  manage  somehow  to  arrive  there.  But  evidently  they 
want  to  fight  on  American  soil,  exposing  the  United  States  to  harm. 

All  their  former  efforts  to  inveigle  the  United  States  into  the  conflict  by 
exploding  Canadian  bridges  and  torpedoing  or  sinking  with  bombs  .English  and 
French  steamers  in  American  ports  have  availed  them  nothing.  They  are  now  mak- 
ing strenuous  efforts,  using  (one  should  say  abusing)  their  whole  influence 
upon  the  politics  of  this  Government  to  maneuver  the  United  States  into  an  un- 
pleasant position  with  respect  lo   the  allied  nations.  This  they  hope  to  ac- 
complish by  the  use  of  diplomatic  notes. 


k'/hen  the  European  war  burst  out,  our  politicians  called  it  savagery.  The  only 


I  G 
I  P 
I  C 


-  3  - 


Dziennik  Zwlazkowy>  Feb,  26,  1915, 


POLISH 


conclusion  that  they  drew  from  it  v;as  that  it  was  possible  to  make  great  profits 
out  of  this  barbarism.  The  prices  of  foodstuffs  have  been  raised  to  impossible 
proportions,  regardless  of  unemployment  and  the  hard  times.  And  so  began  the 
process  of  business  promotion  and  exploitation  at  the  expense  of  our  own  citi- 
zens and  of  barbarian  Europe,  which  was  compelled  to  pay  any  price  without  so 
much  as  a  murmur  of  complaint.  However,  not  all  Europe  was  fortunate  enough 
to  buy  food  for  its  weight  in  gold  from  the  American  speculators.  The  Germans 
and  the  nustrians  were  deprived  of  this  boon.   England  calculated  that  to  crush 
the  military  pov/er  of  Germany,  which  is  its  aim  in  the  war,  it  is  necessary  to 
employ  something  more  than  armed  force.   The  dispersion  and  annihilation  of  a 
German  army  well  provided  with  food  and  ammunition  would  require  many  years  of 
war  and  great  loss  of  life,  not  to  mention  the  destruction  of  nations.  England 
has  therefore  decided  to  make  use  of  the  supremacy  of  tha  Anglo-French  navy  over 
that  of  Germany  and  to  block  importation  into  Germany.  Every  other  nation  would 
do  the  same  if  it  had  so  pov/erful  a  trump  in  its  hand,  and  such  procedure  is 
sanctioned  by  international  law. 


o 


c^ 


This  step  taken  by  England  has  created  a  strong  impression  upon  Germany.  The 


I  G 
I  J 
I  C 


-  4  - 


Dziennik  Zwlazkowy,  Feb.  26,  1915. 


POLISH 


first  feeling  of  depression  has  been  transformed  into  uncontrollable  rage*  As 
a  result  of  this  the  Germans  began  a  piratical  warfare  with  their  submarines, 
not  speiring  the  ships  even  of  neutral  nations*  They  hoped  that  by  so  doing 
they  would  cause  the  neutral  nations  to  protest  against  England  and  so  to 
abandon  the  plan  of  blockading  Germeuiy. 

Events,  nevertheless,  have  taken  a  different  turn*  England  received  these 
praotical  attacks  calmly,  since  the  Germans  had  previously  attempted  them. 
Then,  again,  the  sinking  of  a  few  small  ships  could  not  harm  England  very 
much*  In  reply  to  such  tactics  England  intends  to  blockade  the  German  ports 
as  tightly  as  possible  and  to  carry  out  this  plan  to  the  very  limit,  even  if 
she  be  compelled  to  employ  the  same  tactics  of  warfare  which  are  now  used  by 
the  Germans,  that  is,  the  use  of  treacherous  floating  mines,  spread  by  sub- 
marines along  the  enemy *s  shores.  The  neutral  nations,  however,  which  dread 
the  very  thought  of  the  victory  of  aggressive  Germany  for  fear  of  losing  their 
own  identity,  have  sent  their  protests  not  to  England  but  to  Berlin* 


'- J 


The  United  States  alone  cannot  understand  the  situation  and  protests  with  childish 


I  G 
I  J 
I  C 


-  o  - 


POLISH 


Dzlennlk  Zwlazkowy,  Feb.  26,  1915, 


stubborness,  as  if  it  thought  that  because  the  interests  of  a  few  American 
speculators  are  endangered,  all  fiurope  should  sacrifice  what  is  most  vital 
to  it.  The  United  States  thinks  that  ilngland,  for  the  benefit  of  a  few  greedy 
i\merican  exploiters,  should  lose  the  war  vAiich  it  is  fighting  for  its  own  ex- 
istence and  pov/er.   This  is  peculiar  logic,  but  it  remains  a  fact.  At  present 
the  American  ambassador  to  Germany,  Mr.  Gerard,  evidently  a  great  friend  of 
the  Germans,  is  again  importuning  vvashington  for  new  protests  and  notes,  ap- 
parently in  defense  of  American  trade,  exposed  to  the  danger  of  a  blockade  of 
Germany*  The  American  ambassador  promises  that  he  can  persuade  Germany  to 
abandon  its  terrible  blockade  if  the  United  States  Government,  by  threaten- 
ing to  withold  the  transportation  of  food  to  England  and  France,  will  compel 
these  nations  to  allow  the  passage  of  food  transports  into  Germany,  under  the 
condition  that  the  food  shall  be  used  for  civilians  and  not  for  the  army. 


Only  an  insane  person  ;vould  believe  in  German  assurances.  Every  one  knov/s  that 
in  Belgium  the  Germans  are  stealing  food  and  money  sent  there  by  relief  committees 
for  the  hungry  none ombat ants.   It  would  therefore  be  silly  to  believe  that  they 


4 
# 


I  G 
I  J 
I  C 


-  6  - 


Dzlennik  Zwiazkowy,  Feb.  26,  1915, 


POLISH 


would  not  do  likewise  in  their  own  country,  where  no  one  Cin  control  them. 
Either  I/Ir.  (xerard  is  very  naive,  or  he  pretends  to  be  and  is  playing  a  farce, 
lov/ering  the  dignity  of  the  United  States  in  the  eyes  of  the  world.   England 
would  be  very  unwise  if  it  consented  to  anything  like  that,  and  it  is  certain 
that  she  will  not  agree  to  Mr.  Gerard's  plan,  even  if  the  United  States  were 
really  to  put  the  embargo  on  transportation  into  effect.  It  is  very  doubtful 
whether  such  drastic  action  ever  will  be  taken.  Most  probably  the  entire  af- 
fair will  terminate  in  a  fiasco,  as  have  all  the  other  notes  and  protests. 
Uiis  undoubtedly  will  embitter  many  of  the  German-Americans,  who  are  accustomed 
to  dictate  to  the  whole  world,  but  whom  very  few  nations  fear.  There  is  little 
hope  that  in  order  to  please  them,  i\merica  will  jeopardize  her  diplomatic  re- 
lationships in  times  so  dangerous. 


T? 


I  G 
III  H 
I  J 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwlazkowy,  Feb.  16,  1915» 


THE  HOPE  OF  POLMD 


The  American  newspaper,  the  Chicago  Dally  News,  in  its  issue  of  February  15, 
1915,  printed  a  rather  len{^thy  article  entitled  ♦'The  Hope  of  Poland".  The 
article  is  written  in  favor  of  the  Polish  cause,  and  we  reprint  a  fev/  excerpts 
below. 


•*From  April  25,  1795,"  writes  the  Daily  News,  "when  King  Stanislaw  August 
unv/illingly  abdicated  from  the  throne  of  the  kingdom  of  Poland  and  left  for 
St.  Petersburg  to  spend  the  remainder  of  his  life,  freedom  has  been  the  sole 
dream  of  the  Poles,  that  great  people.  The  Pole's  devotion  to  freedom  and  the 
magnificent  pages  of  the  history  of  their  nation  have  made  of  them  romantic 
figures  in  every  country.  Poles  have  fought  and  died  for  the  cause  of  freedom 
under  various  flags.  In  the  minds  of  Americans  the  names  of  Kosciusko  and 
Pulaski  are  synonyms  of  freedom.  Because  of  this  friendship  that  unites  this 
country  with  the  Poles  the  fate  v/hich  awaits  the  dismembered  but  still  living 
Poland  at  the  conclusion  of  the  present  war  greatly  interests  the  people  of 
the  United  States. 


I  g 

III  H 

I  J 


POLISH 


Dziermik  Zwlazkovy^  Feb.  16,  1915 


** After  a  hundred  and  forty  years  under  the  yoke  of  slavery  laid  upon  the  nation 
by  her  present  rulers,  Russia,  Austria,  and  Ger.'iany,  v;hich  /^ivided  andT"  an- 
nexed the  Polish  kinrdom,  the  dream  of  resurrecting  Poland  *.vill  eventually  be 
realized.  Each  of  these  three  aggressors  has  made  promises  to  the  Poles. •••♦ 
Austria-Hungary — as  rumors  have  it — is  to  have  a  Polish  kin^*  enthroned  in 
Cracov;,  the  historic  capital  and  seat  of  Polish  educrtion.  The  dual  monarchy 
has  alv/ays  i:reated  its  Polish  subjects  relatively  well.  At  present  it  antici- 
pates that  by  creating  a  nominal  Polish  kingdom  in  these  times,  it  vxill  be  more 
easily  able  to  take  over  that  part  of  Poland  which  is  nov;  held  by  Russia.  It 
seems  that  Austria,  in  her  plans,  v/iches  to  outmaneuver  her  ally,  Germany. 


^At  the  time  of  Prussia's  big  drive  on  :7arsaw,"  says  F.  llcCuUagh,  the  Daily 
News  correspondent,  "The  3ass  prince  accompanied  the  Gernian  aimy  for  the  purpose 
of  occupying  the  Polish  throne  if  the  Geman  anny  entered  VJarsaw,  the  capital 
of  Poland." 


:5> 


o 


05 


^Here  the  Daily  News  mentions  that  there  were  tv;o  kings  of  that  dynasty  who 
ruled  Poland,  but  it  is  in  error  when  it  snys  that  the  last  Polish  king, 
Stanislaw  August,  v/as  also  of  the  Sass  line.) 


I  G 
III  H 
I  J 


-  3  - 


Dziennik  Zwlazkowy,  Feb*  16,  1915# 


POLISH 


••It  must  be  remembered  that  a  hundred  years  ago  promises  were  given  to  Poland 
when  Poles  fought  and  died  by  the  thousand  for  Napoleon  because  he  promised 
to  recreate  their  kingdom  for  them*  He  gave  them  the  Duchy  of  Warsaw^  a  mere 
shadow  of  independence*  At  presence  the  Poles  have  Russians  promise  of  a  united 
autonomous  Polish  kingdom  if  the  Allies  are  victorious  in  the  present  war*  At 
the  same  time  Austria  and  Oenaany  also  make  promises  to  the  Polish  people,  wish- 
ing to  gain  their  favor* 

••At  the  present  time  a  middle  class  of  people,  which  has  made  famous  nations 
wealthy,  has  appeared  and  is  developing  in  Poland*  It  is  this  strong  middle 
class  which  forms  the  care  of  present-day  society*  If  Poland  should  emerge  out 
of  this  cataclysm  of  war  a  free  and  xinited  nation,  her  people  will  know  how  to 
use  their  freedom. •••••• 


I  G 
III  G 
III  H 
IV 


POLISH 


Dzlennlk  Zwiazkov/y,   Jan.   28,   1915 


BJ  TiJE  CCK^GRESSICltiL  R2C0HD 


(Editorial) 


Durinc  these  days  ;7e  trace  carefully  and  assiduously  evei^^  opinion  expressed 
by  prominent  people  here  in  i\merica  on  the  Polish  matter,  ./e  do  so  because 
v/e  expect  that  the  opinions  of  the  representatives  of  the  states  in  Congress 
v/ill  have  great  significance  during  the  peace  treaties  after  the  v/ar.  The 
sympathy  v;lth  v/hich  /unerica  viev/s  our  cause  laust  necessarily  be  reflected 
in  the  settlement  of  this  very  involved  Polish  question. 

It  is  therefore  the  duty  of  all  the  more  prominent  Poles  in  America  to 
constantly  inform  opinion  in  Araerica  on  matters  pertinent  to  Poland.  V/e 
should  all  endeavor  to  av;al:en  widespread  sympathy  for  our  homeland,  so  that 
some  day  v/e  may  refer  to  American  public  opinion  and  the  imy   this  country 
treated  our  cause. 


■.1 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazlco^vy>   Jan.   28,   1915. 
One  of  the  very  important  facts  upon  v;hich  we  rai^ht  some  day 


rely  is 
Record 


a  discussion  on  the  Polish  question  found  in  the  Congressional 
)f  January  11,  1915,  on  pace  1576.  This  discussion  took  place 
in  the  Senate  of  the  United  States  after  the  secretary  of  the  Senate 
read  a  letter  vn:»itten  by  Vt.   N.  L.  Piotrowski,  the  City  Counsellor  of 
Chicago,  addressed  to  the  Honorable  v;.  J.  Stone,  Senator  of  the  United 
States •  The  discussion  pertained  to  the  congressional  amendment  excluding 
Belgians  from  the  intelligence -test  clause  in  the  immigration  statute  nov/ 
being  dravm  up.  Senator  Stone  arose  and  requested  the  president  of  the 
Senate — the  Honorable  Thomas  R.  Marshall,  Vice  President  of  the  United  States- 
to  pennit  him  to  read  the  letter  he  had  received  on  the  matter  that  was  under 
consideration.  V.Tien  none  of  those  present  objected  to  the  reading  of  this 
document,  the  secretary  of  the  Senate  read  the  letter  of  LIr.  N.  L.  Piotrowski. 
It  then  v;as  recorded  in  the  Congressional  Record.  This  letter  is  a  follov/s: 

^'I  have  read  in  the  reports  from  V/ashington  that  the  Senate  has  passed  an 
immigration  bill  v/hich  also  contains  an  intelligence-test  clause,  v/hich 


X-; 


I.  . 


Dziennlk  Zv/iazkowy,  Jan.  28,  1915. 


I  G  -  3  -  PGLISi: 

III  G 
III  R 
IV 

states  that  Belcians  need  not  be  subject  to  the  test.  Ihat  is  a 
very  sane  and  himiane  bill,  and  I  am  certain  that  every  freedon-lovinc 
American  citizen  v/ill  be  pleased  that  the  portals  of  this  country  are  v/ide 
open  to  the  unfortunate  Belgians. 

"On  this  occasion  I  should  lilce  to  call  your  attention  to  another  coimtry, 
v/hose  fate  is  perhaps  even  more  tragic  than  that  of  Belgium.  I  refer  to 
Poland.  The  Poles  v/ere  deprived  of  their  country  about  one  hundred  and  fifty 
years  ago.  This  bloody  tragedy,  v/hich  brought  to  light  knavery  unparalleled 
in  the  history'-  of  modem  Europe,  and  as  a  result  of  v/hich  Poland  v/as  divided 
and  plundered  and  tv;enty-f  ive  million  of  her  children  were  deprived  of  their 
freedom,  has  not,  I  believe,  been  forgotten.  Kor  do  I  believe  that  freedom- 
loving  Americans  v/ill  be  indifferent  to  Poland »s  fate.  The  Poles  have  no 
country  v/hich  they  are  free  to  call  their  ov/n.  Those  who  have  an  opportunity 
to  avoid  sjvere  persecutions  by  their  tyrants  migrate  to  every  country  and  to 
all  corners  of  the  v/orld. 


— > 


-  4  - 


rcLisii 


Dziennik  Zv/lazkovr^r,    Jan.   28,    1915 • 


I  G 
III  G 
III  II 
VJ 

*'Allov/  me  to  call  your  attention  to  the  terrible  experiences  of 
the  Polish  people  in  this  horrible  v;ar.  Ilearly  all  of  Galicia,  the  part 
of  Poland  nov:  imdcr  Austrian  rule,  possessia-;  a  population  of  seven  irdllion, 
v;as  first  invaueu  by  Russians,  then  by  the  Austrian  and  Gerrnan  amies,  and 
acain  by  Russian  soldiers.  Today  it  is  one  riass  of  ruin.  Its  residents 
v/ho  v;ere  not  Izilled  flee  fro.ni  place  to  place  like  i.'ild  animals  ivithout  food 
and  shelter,  and  hide  in  holes  to  avoid  c  innon  shells. 

"This  s-ime  tracic  fate  has  also  befallen  the  area  knovm  as  the  Ilincdoiu  of 
Poland,  nunberinc  tv;elve  i.illion  people.  Tlie  Germans  devastated  this  country 
up  to  the  localities  six  miles  from  V/arsav/.  Tlie  Russians  did  the  rest  when 
they  chased  the  Gen-ians  bad:  the  same  v/ay  they  cajfie.  At  present  the  Germans 
are  malcinc  a  third  attempt  to  conquer  '..'arsav;.  Rumors  have  it  that  v;est  of 
the  Vistxila  river,  in  the  Kincdom  of  Poland,  more  than  five  hundred  cities, 
occupied  predomintmtly  by  Poles,  v;ere  ruined  completely.  Everyone  has 
heard  of  the  fate  that  befell  Louvain,  but  hardly  anyone  has  heard  of  the 
fate  of  Kalisz,  a  city  of  about  forty  thousand  people,  in  the  Polish 


-a 

O 


C.n 


I  G 
III  G 
III  H 

Louvain . 


_  B  - 


PCLISK 


Dzionni!:  j;;;ia:^''Ov.y , 


J 'J-H  •   .X"'!   J../XvJ 


Kinedon.  1!lie  pooplc  of  Ilalisz  net  the  sane  fate  as  those  of 
The  Poles  in  .2ast  Prussia  have  endured  the  sane  hardships,  and 


a  similar  fate  yet  a\vaits  the  I^oles  in  Pos  n,  annexed  by  Prussia. 

"The  Eelcians  have  at  least  the  satisfaction  left  that  they  are  fi  :htinG 
for  their  country.  They  have  a  hope  that  v;hen  the  sillied  forces  are 
victorious,  the  v/roncs  done  then  v/ill  be  righted.  Jud^inc.  hy  the  past, 
there  is  little  hope  left  for  the  Poles,  despite  the  proniscs  nade  then 
by  the  throe  pov/ers — Russia,  Austria,  and  Ger  lany.  Tlie  Poles  are  not  only 
compelled  to  I'iclit  against  their  v:ill,  Lut  in  n  dition  they  are  forced  to 
ficit  for  a  cause  that  is  not  their  ov/n  uut  that  of  their  oppressors.  In 
addition  to  that—and  v;hat  is  even  worse— they  are  coiiipelled  to  fight  against 
themselves,  to  r.hed  the  blood  of  their  bretliren;  a  brother  ..ust  attack  his 


"T5 


en 


brother  and  a  son  his  father.   To  then  it  is  a  fratricidal  v/ar. 
fore,  perhaps  the  ..lost  horrible  tragedy  of  this  v/ar. 


It  is 


there- 


"About  throe  hundred  and  fifty  thousand  Poles  are  in  the  German  amy  and 


Dzlennik  Zv;iazIcov.y>  Jan.  28,  1915. 


I  G  -  6  -  FCLISH 

III  G 
III  II 
TI 

about  that  nany  in  the  Austrian.  There  are  ap-roxinately  qoyqii 
hundred  thousand  Poles  in  the  Russian  forces.  IlLis  means  that  about  one 
and  a  half  million  Poles  are  fichtinrj  in  this  v;ar  on  one  side  or  another. 
And  v;hy  are  they  fichtinG*^  Certainly  not  for  Poland^ s  cause.  In  the  opinion 
of  all  v/ho  read,  and  are  closely  interested  in,  the  natters  of  the  present 
v/ar,  the  Poles  are  more  deserving  of  pity  tl  ah  are  the  Belcians.'* 

/ifter  present i'cj  this  bloody  picture  of  our  present  position  in  :^urope,  the 
':ity  'ounsellor  of  Chicago  appealed  to  the  Senate  to  protect  the  Polish 
people  by  e::cliidinc  them  from  the  iDtelli^ence-test  clause  in  the  future 
iiiUTiigration  statute  of  the  United  States. 

After  reading:  this  letter,  Senator  Stone  proposed  that  it  be  sent  to  the 
coiiimittee  on  iiia-iicration  matters  and  also  that  it  be  read  to  the  Conference 
Gormittee,  if  tliat  is  possible  and  permissible. 


CO 


Because  the  bill  v/as  before  the  Senate  and  the  clause  on  the  free  admission 


I  G 
III 
III 
IV 


-  7  - 


FGLISII 


G 
H 


Dziennik  Zv/iazkoi-p' ,  Jan.  28,  1915, 


of  Belcians  had  been  defeated  in  the  House  of  Representatives, 
llr.  Piotro7;ski*s  letter  did  not  brine  about  the  proper  result.  The  fact, 
however,  rer.iains  that  this  letter  v;c;s  presented  in  its  entirety  and  re- 
printed in  the  Goncressional  I^ecord,  so  that  official  i\inerica  can  become 
acquainted  v;ith  the  contents  or  this  document  on  the  fate  of  unfortunate 
Poland. 


"O 


CO 
CD 


^ 


I  G 

II  D  10 

III  11 


POLISH 


Dziennik  ij'.viazkov.'y,   Jan,   8,   1915 

■      11      11-     ir      --rT-^~ 


i)YIIv":  FOU^I) 


(llditorial) 


Poland's  h^.nds  have  not  been  too  feeble  to  rip  the  cloak  of  hypocrisy  from 
the  motives  controlling  tlie  nations  .vhich  beset  h-jr.   The  cruel  policies  of 
this  v;ar  are  left  naked  and  without  a  moral  attribute. 


Poland's  case  disposes  of  all  pretences  of  huraanity.   It  deposes  all  the 
self-stvled  chamnions  of  humanity.  It  reduces  all  to  a  co.vjnon  level,  whore 
they  struggle  for  one  end,  pov/er,  by   one  means,  force.  Poland  starving,    /["\ 
can  be  relieved  out  of  the  store  houses  of  non-belligerent  nations,  if  per-/ ••."',, .  r/ 
mission  to  carr:/  the  food  to  the  Poles  can  be  obtained.  The  Poles  as  a    \^o  !-.  ...  ry 
people  are  being  v/iped  out  with  meuns  much  more  cruel  than  those  used  v;hen  ^'"^^  ^^ 
Poland  as  a  nation  v;as  annihilated* 

In  all  the  correspondence,  which  has  passed  between  the  cliairman  of  the 

American  cor.imission  anc.  the  British  and  Gorman  authorities,  only  one  thing 
is  stated  in  a  direct  unanbiguous  way.  The   Poles  may  be  fed  if  the  military 


I  g 

II  D 

III  i 


10 


-   2  - 


Dziennj}:  Zwiazkov/v,   Jan.   8,    1915. 


POLISH 


purpose  of  the  belli^^erents  be  not  affected  in  the  slightest  de^^ree. 

If  a  militarjr  .dvantace,  hov;ever  slif^ht,  nust  be  surrendered  j|^y  the  Allie^ 
the  Poles  rria^r  starve.  i*'or  Great  i^ritain,  as  conspicuously  as  for  any 
nation  involved  in  the  v;ar,  a  riilitar'''  need  is  "o-ranount.  The  Polish  people 
may  become  extinct  trirough  starvation*  That  consideration,  hov;cver,  can- 
not be  taken  into  account  if  some  military/  udvcintage  may  be  taken  from  the 
enemy  thereby. 

Sir  LJdward  Grey  has  stipulated  to  I.!r.  Hoover  of  the  .jnerican  commission 
that  supplies  v;ill  be  permitted  to  ro   from  the  United  States  to  Poland 
only  if  the  Gonnan  and  Austrian  governments  prohibit  the  export  of  all 
foodstuffs  from  Russian  Poland;  if  a  c^^^^antee  be  given  that  the  native 


I 


I  G 

II   D 

III  : 

10 

Dzievmik 


.;5. 


•  "  ~\    r\  r-t    ,f  — 


>  ^<^ 


c 


10 1: 


A    «       -V 


3tocI:3   of  fnoil  v;ill   not  he   J-ravm 
in;  rr  ies;    if  the  'ler.  .an  .-r.::] 
su")ply  nncl   adoqu'::.te   :^atlon  '..':v 
Ai.iorican   3-^'  jLissinn  be    'i'.' ni   r    fr 


nn 


•>••  o  ■ 


■  •■'■*  iiten'ince   of  tli^   oocu^v- 
rtr'entG    .ill  unir^^rtake  to 


r^ 


10 r  lie 


'    -J-  J- 


if  f.e 


o   Inad    *.n  tie  li^tribution  of   3-^o'olie3, 


It    :!ert' i  \ly  i3  ri  jht  to    :io   '•iid  t'.at  ^>  r  any  ':nd  ..ustri^,   v/l'cl  lave 
ex-iortod  food3tuff3   f r -n  I^-^land,      Ive   -uar^ntejs  tl'.t  t'-'e  cuntry  3'  all  not 
be   3tri  ned  further;    '.ut  ;;hat   ->lr  Id  ard   "^roy     ay  ^:oan  by  stipulrtin  •  tbat 
t  'e  C^nnans   3'iall  f-irh'..Vi  an  ad'iq.uato   rr-ti   n   l3    .ot    a  ^:)ar':nt.      It   i3   al]no3t 
inooncGivable  tbnt   he    leans  that,    -3   a   o^n..ition     To:v;dGnt  to  iGrnittins 
relief  fro:    the  United   jtr^tes  to  r-3.-:GlL  the  Poles,   fa  aerrr^ans     uct   also 
contribate  to  their  aid  frorri  a  3toi^e  -.;  hch  the  hriti3h  hoao   3o  to  diminish 
by  bloclcade,   that  hunger  v/ill  be  hnov/n  in  ov^ry   1  ':•  an  c:^'^m-,i  .ity. 


T.hat 


.ac  uave.u.Lian  cniei 


1    -4- 


;;ou.i..a   a.^ra 


it 


ti: 


joular  >3-er^'iaJi   ■33tinate 


V 


"^ 


-\ 


I  a 


II  D  10 

III  II 


Dziennir: 


7->'r' 


POLISH 


■^ .  -      » •?;  5   **  -i—-.  «     I   J-  V '  X  t-'  ^ 


of  Sir  Ed?;ard  Grey*s  character  but  not  v;it'i  :airr  .   However,  vjn ether 
ambi-juo  or  xplicit,  the3e  are  the  conditions  ui^Ier  -v  icli  ea^er  rescu 
in  America  may  help  a  starvii.  *  _)e.?ple,  and  except  under  t'vose  o  nditions 
that  ""elp  raay  not  ba  ;--iver. 


This  .1   v;ar  revealed  in  all  its  horror.  Oar.riany  tooh  f  ?od  out  of  Poland; 
the  British  v;ill  not  nllovx  the  .-iiii^ricruis  to  replace  .it,  Military  necess- 
ity is  a  lioloch.  It  sacrificed  Belgium;  i"  sacrifices  P':^land.   It  vail 
no'u'j  doom  to  starvation  innocent :•  in  Prance,  in  Serbia,  iii  Belgiun,  in 
Poland,  even  as  they  ;;ere  saeri^i.-jed  in  v/alle,i  cities  vrien  Assyria^.s  or 
Tartars  v;ait  d  for  emaciated  victims  to  choose  betv/aen  the  svrord  and  the 
final  tortures  of  hunger* 


I 


^^ 


I  g 

II  D  10 

III  H 


-  D  - 


PULISti 


Dziennik  Zwiazkov;;:,  Jan.  8,  191o. 


The  horror  may  bo  embellished  with  rhetoric,  but  it  cannot  hide  behind 
sentiment  any  loHr^er.  The  ivar  i^  bein,!::  so  prosecuted  by  the  participants 
in  it  that  people  cau^-^ht  in  its  whirl  are  dying  like  animals,  unable  even 
to  got  bark  from  the  trees  or  roots  i'rom  under  the  ground  in  order  to 
stave  off  starvation. 


They  coula  be  rescued,  but  military  necessity'-  v;ill  not  allow  them  to  be. 
As  for  Poland,  whose  sons  must  fight  each  other  and  whose  c/xildren  may 
starve,  Paderewski  said  in  poi^gnant  sorrow,  -'i-oland  fell  because  it  had 
no  army  to  keep  tlie  enemy  froi.i  its  borders." 

A  nation  is  defended  by  the  pov;er  of  its  citizens,  not  hy  the  humanitarian- 
ism  of  its  neighbors.  Tnere  is  no  hui.ianeness  in  v/ar.  .i  srriall  nation  finds 
no  help  save  as  its  welfare  meets  the  interests  of  the  great  nations. 


\  / 


p 


I  G 

II  D   10 

III  H 


•D  ')T  T  QtT 


Dzienni-:  Z'::i€.z"i^ovTy ,   J 


or. 


1915. 


The   -^reat  ncitions  of  Europe  are  fishtiriG  for  thenselvos,   for  the 
retention  of  v;hat  pov;er  they  have,   for  the  extension  of  th-t  pov/er. 

The  illusion  that  these  nations   are  fi^hti.      for  hun^^.nity  is  heins  dis- 
■oelled  by  every  starvinf^  Polish  child. 


I  G 

III  B  2 
III  H 


POLISH 


Dzlennlk  Zwlazkowy,  Dec,  28,  1914. 


WHAT  ARE  WE  WAITING  FOR? 


WPA  (ILL,)  PROJ.  30275 


CO 

{en 


cu 


Mr.  Trygar*s  article  published  in  Dzieimik  Narodowy  contained  bitter  words  of 
truth  ainied  at  those  *^who  stand  at  the  head*^ — at  the  fathers  of  the  nation 
and  the  leaders-- and  in  general  it  criticised  our  politico-national  policies 
in  i^erica  and  our  inactivity  and  laziness*  It  is  not  a  cry  in  the  wilderness; 
it  is  not  a  lonely,  lost  voice  which  knows  not  what  it  wants:  it  is  a  powerful 
shout— the  shout  of  thousands  straining  impatiently  for  action.  It  is  a  voice 
fully  aware  of  itself  cmd  certain  of  the  great  echo  of  thousands* 

Truly,  anxiety  enters  our  hearts  when  we  see  these  young  men  impatient  for 
action-- men  who  have  written  on  the  Falcon  banners  mottoes  of  seizing  the  home- 
land and  who  want  to  live  up  to  them*  In  vain  they  look  to  their  leaders  to 
give  the  word  for  action* 

The  Falcon  men,  especially  the  young  ones  who  are  not  tied  down  by  family 
obligations,  are  prepeuc'ing  eind  standing  in  x*eadiness,  certain  that  at  any  moment 


-  2  - 


Dzlennlk  Ztrlazkowy,  Dec.   22,   1914« 


POLISH 


\VP/^  f!!L.)PRvO.I.3027S 


the  oirder,  as  hard  as  steel,  will  ring  out:  To  Francei  Battle  to  the  death 
for  the  freedom  of  Poland  and  the  freedom  of  nationsi 

But  i>eace  and  quiet  continues  and  the  weak  cuid  seemingly  ambiguous  motto  of 
Caesar  Borgia:  Wait  €md  hope* 


cvj 

CO 


O 
or 


Our  yoxing  men — these  sincere  young  men  ready  at  a  moment's  notice  to  sacrifice 
their  lives  on  the  altar  of  the  homelcmd — cry  out  in  bitterness: 

"What  are  they  waiting  for?  Why,  it  seems  that  everyone  agrees  that  Poland's 
greatest  eneniy,  the  enemy  of  the  entire  world — this  monstrous  Prussicm 
militarism^ — must  finally  be  crushed.  The  sooner  this  power  is  destroyed,  the 
sooner  we  shall  have  peace  and  the  sooner  our  unfortunate,  horribly  ruined 
country  will  rid  Itself  of  these  vandals  of  the  twentieth  century,  these 
executioners  and  barbarians.  Over  these,  tens  of  thouscmds  are  being  murdered* 
Over  there,  even  more  of  our  brothers  and  sisters  are  dying  of  starvation,  cold, 
and,   disease,  ^anwhile  we  argue  politics  and  go  to  entertainments  and  balls 


I  G 

III  B  2 
III  H 


-  3  - 


Dziennik  Zvriazkowy,  Dec.   22,   1914, 


POLIStI 


"^A  (11.1.,!  PSOJ.  30275 


but  cannot  get  toeether  a  legion  of  even  five  thousand  men  to  avenge  our 
blood-  and  fire-stained  land. 


loo 

I  • 

a. 


7/hat  are  we  v/aiting  for?  Are  v;e  expecting  promises  from  France?  V/hat  kind 
of  promises  can  France  give  us  when  she  does  not  know  hov/  many  of  us  would  be 
ready  to  fight?  Besides,  France  v/ould  surely  recofi:nize  us  as  a  Polish  Legion. 
For  us  Poles,  one  dominating  aim  should  be  the  motor  of  action — the  destruction 
of  Prussia — because  it  is  by  Prussia,  and  the  Counts  of  Brandenburg,  that, 
ever  since  the  times  of  King  Llieszko  and  King  Boleslaw,  our  destruction  has 
been  continually  plotted,  and  there  in  Prussia  it  v/as  executed,  Prussia  is 
the  source  of  all  ^'w  misfortunes  in  all  three  annexed  sections  of  our  country. 

V/hat  are  we  waiting  for?  For  the  v/ar  to  end?  For  the  fever  to  pass,  so 
that  v/e  will  not  have  to  go  at  all,  and  thus  will  avoid  a  very  unpleasant  and 
tiring  effort  and  the  exertion  of  a  great  deal  of  energy?  That  is  possible 
— but..#.it  is  not  so  long  ago  that,  v:ithout  asking  for  the  opinion  of  the 
people  in  general,  we  offered  thirty  thousand  Falcons  for  the  war  with  Mexico. 


a- 


I  G 

III  B  2 
III  H 


--  4  ^ 


Dziennik  Zwriazkowy,  Dec.  22,  I914# 


POLISH 


r^A  (!!.L.)PHQJ.3U275 


Perhaps  some  people  can  look  upon  this  as  a  good  political  stunt,  although 
under  a  different  set  of  political  circumstances  it  might  nave  been  an 
irrevocable  mistake.  Then  what?  We  would  have  had  to  rush  to  recruit  the 
number  that  we  were  short  of  having  thirty  thousand,  of  course  not  counting 
the  Falcon  women.  Then,  for  some  reason,  we  did  not  fear  ^needless  displety," 
nor  bloodshed,  nor  the  destruction  of  the  finest  young  men  in  our  ranks* 

It  is  true  that  conditions  for  forming  a  legion  were  entirely  different  then 
than  they  are  nov/;  but  today *s  reasons  for  forming  a  legion  under  France's 
flag  differ  greatly  from  the  reasons  for  forming  a  legion  to  fight  in  Ifexico. 
Today  this  is  our  cause  in  principle,  it  is  a  vital  question  because  it  con- 
cerns the  very  reason  for  our  organizational  and  idealistic  existence*  It  is 
the  crystallization  of  the  finest  Fsilcon  mottoes  announcing  readiness  to 
serve  the  homeland • 

This  is  how  the  Falcons  view  the  matter — both  those  who  are  ready  to  go  at  any 
moment  and  those  who  for  various  reasons  must  remain  here.  Everyone  asks, 


Csl 

cry 

« 

O 

-J 


I  Q 

III  B  2 
III  H 


-  5  - 


Dziennik  Zwlazkowy,  Dec.  22,  1914. 


POLISH 


(n_!..)  PRO  1.30275 


*Wiy  this  inactivity  urtxich  looks  like  impotence?  Why  this  hesitation?  Aire 
they  afraid  that  the  ranks  will  be  decimated  of  the  best  young  men,  so  that 
there  will  be  a  decrease  in  membership,  an&  a  spiritual  and  moral  weakening, 
of  the  organization?  The  good  of  the  homeland  comes  before  all  else-- before 
the  good  of  every  organization.  The  military  spirit  was  called  forth  among 
the  Falcons*  Why?  If  we  are  to  serve  the  good  of  the  Poles  in  America,  it 
would  have  been  more  thein  sufficient  for  the  Fedcons  in  America  to  remain  a 
gymnastic  and  educational  organization. 

Therefore?~To  France!  To  the  field  of  glory  I  Let  us  follow  in  the  footsteps 
of  Dabrowski  to  crush  the  Prussians  and  their  Teutonic  Knight  politics,  to 
bring  freedom  to  oppressed  countries. 

When  we  form  a  legion — ^when  words  become  actions — ^we  can  then  be  sure  of  greater 
financial  contributions  from  the  Poles  in  America;  their  enthusiasm  will  be 
kindled  because  '^our  boys"  from  America  are  going  to  shed  their  blood  for 
Polcmd's  liberty. 


I  g 

III  3  2 
III  H 


-  6  - 


Dziennik  Zv/iazkov/y,  Dec 


1914. 


POLISH 


■IN,)  PRO.1. 30275 


CO 

O 

Oct 

cu- 


lt is  possible  that  I  ar.i  wronc,  that  I  ar:;.  beinf  carried  av/ay  by  my  enthusiasn, 
that  political  questions  should  be  decided  only  by  cold  reasoning,  but...,I  ani 
only  the  echo  of  those  v/ho  v;ant  action.   I  believe  that  the  Falcon  leaders 
knov/  v/iiat  they  are  about,  but  I  vrill  neriiiit  myself  one  more  little  remark, 
namely,  that  our  organ,  c3okol  /Falcon7>  should  explain  this  matter  and  set 
forth  clearly  the  leaders*  reasons  for  their  attitude,  in  order  to  calm  the 
minds  of  those  v;ho  are  disturbed  because  the  fif^tin^  forces  of  some  of  the 
p,roups  are  abandoning  their  military  training. 


(3if^ 


ned) 


o» 


Zaklikiev/icz 


I_  G- 
III  E 


I   C 


I^arod    rolskl.    Vol.   XVIII,    I^o.    50.    Dec.    16,    1914. 


POLISH 


Saturday,  Dec.  5,  at  a  banquet  of  the  Irish  Pellowship  Clu"b  in  the  Hotel 
La  ^alle,  city  attorney  l!r.  N.  L.  Piotrov;ski  irave  a  splendid  talk  about 
Poland.  He  spoke  for  one  hour  and  a  cuarter,  and  the  p;uests  with  strained 
interest  listened  t'j  him  and  s-^/allowed  ali.iost  every  word.  ..hen  the  speaker 
ended,  and  before  the  applause  was  silenced,  attorney  L!r.  Joseph  O'Dcnnell 
rose  and  made  a  motion  that  the  Club  shoul;:  ;*ive  Mr.  L.  Piotrowski  for  such 
a  beautiful  speech  a  rising  vote  of  thonks,  v/hich  v/as  done,  nfter  that 
the  members  of  the  Club  and  .'Tuests  pressed  themselves  toward  L!r.  Piotrowski 
^o   as  to  shake  his  hand. 


The  opinion  amon^  members  of  the  club,  expressed  unanimously,  v/as  that 
this  was  the  best  speech  that  v/as  ever  heard  in  the  Club. 

In  the  beginnin^^,  the  speaker  co^apared  Poland  and  her  suffering  with 
t'-ose  of  Ireland  and  her  sufferinp;s;  the  lif-:  of  the  Irish  nation  and 
the  perseverance  in  her  sufferin  s,  which  did  not  let  itself  be  destroyed 
through  700  years  of  terrible  persecutions,  v/ith  the  life  of  the  Polish 
n«^tion  and  her  T^erseverance. 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


•  I  • 


Narod  Polski,  Vol.  r;ill,  No.  50,  Dec.  16,  1914.         v^ 

After  t!liat  the  speaker  in  short  hut  concise  and  exceptionally  interesting 
manner,  ran  throiigh  the  whole  history  of  Poland,  her  greatness,  her  power,  her 
fall,  her  suffering,  and  her  future. 

Speaking  ahout  her  future  the  speaker  expressed  himself  thus:   ''In  the  promises 
by  the  governments  of  the  three  conquering  nations,  Russia,  Germany,  and  Austria, 
given  et  the  "beginning  of  this  war,  we  do  not  place  mach  faith.  "Sxperience  has 
taught  us  that  these  governments  have  no  scruples  at  all  and  not  only  fail  to 
keep  their  promises,  but  break  their  most  solemn  treaties,  as  in  the  case  of 
Belgian  when  the  neutrality  treaty  was  violated  a  few  months  ago.  At  the  same 
time  we  believe  that  Polish  independence  will  be  returned  to  Poland  because  a 
nation  having  twenty-five  million  people,  its  own  la^nguage  highly  perfected, 
rich  literature,  its  own  customs  and  a  brilliant  past  history,  such  a  nation 
cannot  be  lost. 


"The  states  of  those  illegitimate  possessors  promise  to  return  freedom  to  Poland; 
with  this  very  thing  they  gave  proof  as  to  the  necessity  of  the  independence 


-  3  - 


POLI SH 


Narod  Pol ski.  Vol.  XVIII,  No.  50,  Dec.  16,  1914. 


5^ 


of  the  Polish  nation  as  a  state,  free  and  independent.   She  ought  not  to  have 
as  a  king  either  any  from  the  fainily  of  the  Romanoffs,  Hohenzollerns,  or  the 
Haps'burgs*  Poland  was  a  republic  long  ago,  and  so  ought  to  be  a  republic  now, 
but  reorganized  on  the  order  of  the  United  States." 

Mr*  Piotrowski  expressed  the  hope  that  the  United  States,  at  the  Peace  Con- 
ference at  the  end  of  the  war,  will  through  its  representative,  demand  that 
liberty  and  independence  should  not  only  be  returned  but  the  form  of  govern- 
ment should  be  republican  with  an  elective  president  at  the  head  of  the  gov- 
ernment -  and  who  can  only  be  a  Pole. 

Among  the  Poles  present  at  the  banquet  we  noticed  the  following:   Judge  La 
Buy,  Dr»  Sass,  Messrs*  Derpa,  S,  Adamkiewicz,  L#  Palczynski,  Julian  Piotrow- 
ski, Attorneys  Alex  Smietanka  and  Z*  Kadow,  and  Dr.  Stupinski^ 


1, 


I  G 

II  D  10 

III  H 


POLISH 


Dziennik  ^vaazkovy,  Oct.   29,   1914 


mil  CUESE   OF  TrL.   .IivlCS 


(Editorial) 

The  European  ;;ar  has  i.iade  the  entire  world  qua^e  and  now  a  strange  state  of 
vacillation~the  necessary  result  of  the  v;ar— -is  ioanifest  in  every  phase  of 
human  existence. 


TO 


c: 


This  vajillation  is  evident  not  only  in  the  political  and  economic  life  of 

the  nation,  but  in  the  formation  of  convictions  and  principles  by  individuals,  ^ 

especially  those  who  £ly     expression  to  public  opinion. 


Every  intelligent  person  must  evolve  his  ovm  point  of  view  and  base  it  on  the 
developments  of  the  war  and  their  ..leaning  for  the  interests  of  his  nation,  but 
no  intelligent  person  can  swear  toauy  that  his  opinions  are  unshakable  or  assert 
that  what  he  believes  today  will  hold  true  tomorrov;.  He  cannot  say  that  what 
has  his  absolute  confidence  today  v.ill  not  show  itself  to  be  the  most  repulsive 
quackery  tomorrow. 


II  D  10 

III  H 


-  2  - 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  Oct,  29,  1914, 


POLISH 


So-iie  people  criticize  a  changing  of  opinion  and  even  suspect  certain  individuals 
of  the  most  odius  betrayal  and  bribe-taking. 

Such  hasty  and  unpleasant  criticism  deserves  the  sharpest  condemnation.  If  a 
certain  individual  who  changes  his  mind  has  logical  reasons  for  doing  so,  one 
must  not  accuse  him  of  lack  of  honor  and  faith,  but  rather  grant  that  he  is 
making  an  honest  and  sincere  attempt  to  fulfill  his  duties  toward  society. 


At  this  time  all  political  opinions  formulated  by  intelligent  people  are  based 
on  events  which  have  occurred,  on  the  actions  of  the  warring  powers  up  to  the 
present,  on  the  chances  of  victory  of  this  or  that  side,  and  on  the  good  and 
sincere  wish  to  serve  one's  country  as  best  one  can. 

There  is  no  sage  in  the  world  who  can  now  foresee  the  current  of  future  events 
and  cry  out  with  a  clear  conscience,  ''Stick  to  this  and  nothing  elsel"  V/here 
cannons  are  playing,  where  diplomats  vie  with  each  other  in  an  attempt  to  be- 
fuddle their  opponents,  no  man  standing  on  the  side  lines  can  discover  bases 


4r» 


I  G 

II  D  10 

III  H 


-  3  - 


Dzlennik  ZvJiazkoviy,   Oct.   29,  1914« 


POLISH 


M  for  logical  thinking  and  for  inaking  plans  for  the  future. 

An  editor,  or  any  other  human  being,  must  accept  facts  in  the  light  in  v;hich 
the  war  bulletins  present  them  and  must  base  his  opinions  solely  upon  them. 

Therefore,  if  certain  facts  which  we  believe  to  be  true  today  show  themselves 
to  be  false  tomorrow  or,  what  is  worse,  to  be  harmful  to  the  cause  which  we 
are  defending,  it  is  the  duty  of  an  honest  /nan  to  adait  his  mistake  and  retreat 
from  the  path  of  error  as  hastily  as  possible. 

Only  those  people  who  wish  to  take  advantage  of  the  times  to  further  their  own 
party  politics,  who  want  to  annoy  their  opponents  or  to  realize  their  "business" 
aspirations,  consciously  adhere  to  their  false  opinions.  They  do  so  at  the  cost 
of  giving  illogical  and  dishonest  information  to  the  public. 

These  are  not  honest  people,  these  are  not  champions  of  an  ideal:  they  are  fal- 
sifiers of  public  opinion  and  the  worst  sort  of  brawlers  and  disrupters  of  na- 
tional work* 


c: 

v.— 

O 


I  G 

II  D  10 

III  H 


-  4  - 


Dzlennlk  arlazkowy,   Oct.  29,   1914# 


POLISH 


To  support  the  above  deductions — which  ai^  rather  daring  in  view  of  conditions 
in  Polish  America— -it  behooves  us  to  present  examples.  Before  doing  this,  how- 
ever, we  must  repeat  that  in  forming  opinions  on  the  present  situation  one  must 
be  guided  by  cold  logic,  a  critical  outlook  on  the  events  which  have  occvirred 
in  the  arena  of  war,  and  a  sincere  desire  to  serve  the  homeland  instead  of 
one's  party  or  personal  desires. 


■X? 


For  instance,  conditions  in  Detroit,  Michigan,  have  recently  taken  an  abrupt 
turn.  Rekord  Codzieniw  /Daily  Record/,  which  hitherto  has  been  the  blind 
defender  of  K.  0.  N.  /Committee  on  National  Defense/,  has  made  a  complete  change 
and  at  present  has  taken  the  only  sensible  stand,  that  of  waiting  until  the 
situation  clears. 

The  Rekord  Codzienny  did  not  change  its  policy  because  of  a  change  in  its  edito- 
rial staff  or,  as  some  people  wish  to  believe,  tar   ♦•business*'  reasons.  It  changed 
its  policy  because  this  very  Austria,  which  a  month  ago  promised  a  mountain  of 
gold,  today  looks  upon  the  Poles  as  a  good  source  of  cannon  fodder  and  money. 


r 


I  G 

II  D  10 

III  H 


-  5  - 


POLISH 


Dziennlk  Zwiazkowy,  Oct.  29  »  1914. 


Rekord  Godzlenny  defended  its  Austrian  outpost  for  a  long  time,  even  longer  than 
it  was  obliged  to,  but  finally,  after  having  carefully  read  the  oath  taken  by  the 
legionnaires,  it  understood  that  all  of  the  Growings  of  the  Temporary  Gonuaission 
of  the  unheard-of  Austrian  benevolence  were  in  reality  only  the  call  to  retreat  from 
the  battle  for  our  homeland's  real  interests. 


-o 


The  legions  have  gone  to  fight,  it  is  true,  but  they  have  entered  battle  as  an 
integral  part  of  the  Austro-Germaa  array.  But  not  all  of  those  victims  for  whom 
the  /imerican  Poles  are  to  provide,  and  should  provide,  have  entered  this  fight. 

This  is  a  fact  of  grave  importance,  7/e  could  keep  sending  money  uncritically  as 
long  as  the  -'Histrian  friends  and  their  opponents  had  arguments  of  equal  strength. 
But  nov/  we  must  not  send  money  because  we  know  for  a  certainty  that  every  penny 
sent  to  the  legion  or  the  Committee  of  National  Defense  augments  the  income  of  the 
King  of  Prussia,  the  king  who  iias  perpetratea  the  greatest  injustices  against  the 
Polish  nation. 

Cold  reason  has  now  taken  the  floor  and  declarea  that  Austria  no  longer  exists. 


r- 


CO 


V  /  • 


I  g 

II  D  10 

III  H 


-  6  - 


POLKPI 


Dziennlk  Zv.iazkowy,  Oct.  29,  1914. 


that  Austrian  ar.aies  are  under  Prussian  comraand  ana  do  not  deserve  support 
because  they  are  defending  the  interests  of  Poland's  greatest  enemy. 

V/e  ourselves  have  had  to  change  our  point  of  view  on  the  political  situation 
since  the  outbreak  of  the  war*  From  the  first  moment  we  were  on  the  side  of 
the  declared  opponents  of  Prussia,  but  we  did  not  suppose  that  the  Polish 
Legion,  v;hich  expressed  the  impulse  to  deliver  Poland,  would  accept  Austrian 
pay#  V/e  did  not  suppose  that  all  of  Austria  would  accept  Wilhelm's  command. 

At  the  moment  that  we  read  the  oath  of  the  legionnaires  and  were  convinced  that 
all  of  Austria  was  guided  by  the  Prussian  hand,  we  threw  aside  all  legionary 
dreams.  V/e  do  not  hesitate  to  assert  that  Poland's  happiness,  her  existence, 
and  her  freedom  depend  on  the  victory  of  the  Triple  Entente. 

Only  the  complete  crushing  of  Prussia  and  Austria  can  give  us  the  opportunity 
to  unite  to  form  one  whole.  This  fact  alone,  tte  uniting  of  twenty-four  mil- 
lion Poles  in  one  unit,  will  be  of  great  benefit  to  us. 


"o 

T* 


-T3 


C' 


I  G 

II  D  10 
,  III  H 


-  7  - 


POLISH 


Dzieanik  Zwiazkowy,  Oct,  29 ,  1914, 


=>  4 


Today,  circumstances  force  us  to  desire  the  complete  annihilation  of  Pmissia  r~ 

and  Austria*  It  is  another  thing  that  tomorrow  these  circumstances  may  change,  - 

and  that  we  may  have  to  give  up  today's  conviction.  Today,  circumstances  bid  ;:- 

us  adhere  to  them  determinedly.  ^^ 

Today,  England,  France  end  Russia  are  allied  and  have  agreed  jointly  that  Polish^- 
lands  should  be  united.  Tomorrow  Russia  and  Prussia  imy  come  to  an  agreement  and 
all  of  our  plans  and  combinations  will  get  it  in  the  neck. 

Will  you  then  criticize  us  for  condemning  the  new  alliance  of  the  vulture  and  the 
bear  and  declaring  ourselves  for  the  other  side?  Surely  not.  Therefore  forsake 
all  combinations  and  vile  accusations  of  accepting  mibles,  etc.  Wait  patiently, 
instead,  for  the  time  when  you  can  send  money  not  to  Austro-Prussia,  not  to  Russia, 
but  to  poor  emaciated  Poland. 


We  may  still  change  our  opinions  many  times,  always  under  the  influence  of  the 
turn  of  events  in  Europe,  which  we  as  journalists  are  obliged  to  follow  and  for 


I  Q 

II  D  10 

III  H 


-  8  - 


PCLISK 


Dzlennik  Zwiazkowy>  Oct.  29,  1914. 


which  we  are  not  responsible.  Perhaps  in  a  few  months  our  orientation  will 
change  in  favor  of  Turkey,  if  ^:his  country  produces  a  great  leader  to  fight 
our  enemies. 

Today  vte  shall  swear  to  nothing  except  relentless  hatred  of  the  Germans,  of 
Prussianism,  c.nd  of  militarism.  V/e  are  ready  to  support  almost  any  action, 
but  we  will  never  sell  ourselves  out  completely  to  the  Austro -Germans,  nor 
permit  the  complete  exploitation  of  the  vital  forces  of  our  nation. 


r- 


» 

CO 


t^y 


Therefore,  dear  friends,  although  you  continue  to  be  angry  with  us,  we  shall 
remain  loyal  to  the  principles  vchich  we  have  accepted:  Not  to  befuddle  the 
people^ but  to  sacrifice  ourselves  and  admit  our  mistakes  rather  than  v.aste 
the  noblest  impulses  of  the  Poles  in  this  country  and  to  fill  Wilhelra's  pockets. 

V/e  will  not  contribute  money  to  K.  0.  N.  Committee  on  National  Defense^*  'Ve 
will  not  support  Prusso-Austrophilism,  because  we  would  rather  all  of  Poland 
were  under  the  Russian  scepter  than  that  it  should  groan  under  the  yokes  of 
three  annexers. 


>  I  G 

-  II  D  10 
III  H 


.  ^ 


-  9  - 


Dziennik  Zwlazkowy,  Oct,  29,  1914* 


POLISH 


We  prefer  this  because  united  we  do  not  fear  the  strongest  enemy! 


-T3 


o 


1.0 


I  a 

I  D 
I  D 

in 

I  E 
I  H 


POLISH 


2  a 
1  a 

G 


(2) 


Dzlennik  Zwlazkowy«  Oct,  28,  1914, 


TIMELY  TOPICS 


(Editorial) 


While  the  greatest  war  in  the  history  of  mankind  is  raging  in  Europe,  while 
day  after  day  the  death-bearing  shots  of  artillery  fire  wipe  the  existence 
of  thousands  of  hujnan  beings  off  the  surface  of  the  earth.  Uncle  Sam,  with 
the  playful  smile  of  an  old  and  experienced  merchant  hunting  for  new  customers, 
strokes  his  beard  and  conducts  a  bloodless  war  for  the  purpose  of  securing  new 
markets  for  American  industry. 

To  the  accompaniment  of  European  caimons  whole  mobs  of  agents  of  all  sorts  of 
factories  said  manufacturing  firms  are  running  about  South  America  trying  to 
oust  German  and  English  industry  from  their  position  of  dominance* 

The  Germans,  vdio  considered  themselves  the  actual  masters  of  com^nerce  in  the 
other  half  of  America  (and  who  in  reality  were  the  masters),  have  no  inkling 
of  the  extent  of  the  losses  which  they  suffer  day  after  day  at  the  hands  of 


WPA  (ILL.)  PROJ.  302/5 


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I   7  T?eoTle  vnono  only  v/oa^^ori    ir   a   ^ercll  an^l   'in    0"?^aer  boo>, 

T  •  T 

All  brorches  of  /r:cr*ica' -b  ]:o-vcrful  "industry  have  ceclarer^  "•ar  or 
the  v;ell-}c:iov/Ti  label  **ynde  in  Oernajiy'^  t^nd  have  'ieternined  to  rlace  bar:ne-*s 
v'ith   the   inscri^'^tior  '*yado  in  Inltod    :tavCr^*'    throiK-hcut    "outh   /.r:eriea« 

It   aj:nears   that  v;e  f^hall  not   be  false  nr^mets   if  ':e    forecast  victor:/'  for 
the  United   .'vtates   alon:*   the   entire  line,    althou^'h   it  nav  bo  onlv  for   a 
lirriited   tine, 

.;e   shall  not  be   dislo^^ol  I-'olef^  v;hen  v;e  wish  the  Vnited  ''.'tates   t^iis  victor"^/ 
v;ith   all  ou^*  hearts.        Since  ::oiith  .-.merlca   '^O'Tn   inca-^able  of   nroducin^  he-^- 
ovT   larre   industry  and  mipt  be  dependent   on   otlier  o^untrjos,    then  let   the 
Vnited   '"tates   be   xA\\'r    "^^roduoer,   n^t   '^err-iany. 


rn> 


fhat   our   deduoti^'ns   arc   corvee t   a^^-l    that   oui"   vns^ies    'i--^vo   a   realistic   basio> 


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I  D 
I  D 
III 

I  £ 
I  H 


-  5  - 


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2 
1 
G 


a 


(2) 


Dziennlk  Zvlazkovy,  Oct.  28,  1914 • 


long  as  her  commerce  and  industry  do  not  return  to  normalcy,  she 
will  be  America's  customer  instead  of  "being  piirveyor  of  exquisite 
products  and  the  worst  sort  of  junk  stamped  "Made  in  Grermany". 


Therefore,  if  the  United  States  is  able  to  develop  its  industry  sufficiently 
it  will  be  able,  for  a  considerable  period  of  time,  to  be  the  provider  of 
South  America,  Europe,  and  almost  the  entire  world. 

V/hether  the  United  States  will  be  able  to  meet  this  exigency  is,  however, 
another  matter. 

If  the  past  standards  of  Uncle  Sam's  economic  politics  are  to  continue,  we 
cannot  even  dream  of  the  conquest  of  so  large  a  market.   The  United  States 
must  change  her  politics  if  she  wishes  to  do  anything  to  benefit  her  people. 
Party  quarries,  petty  politics,  and  battles  for  jobs  and  lucrative  sine- 


WPA  (ILL)  FROJ. 30275 


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cures  I'lunt 


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larare  inaurtrlalists  'tis^   "'.hen  accent   tho  "^r'i.'.ci^le   chat  the  vicoory  ^f 
United  .^.tates   ir:dnnr>ry  does  not   -'e^^end   on   the  arar-sif:.^"  of  railliorip  by  in- 
dwidnals  but  or.  the  economjc  v;ell-beinr:   of   all    of  the  r^n^.^^e. 


I'ncle  Z'v.r.  oan  hone   to  exert  v;orld-;vide  economic   Irf'^i^enoe  onlv  ^-'hen   all 
i"eo"^le  have   the  rirht   to   O'^ononic   benefit   and   v/hen  all    -^eo^le   in  the   c^imtr^^ 
see  tha^   their  ir^terest   "'.ies   iv   the   vlevelo^^nent   of   thia    -i.nflnenoe. 

'Tliic    if   not   only  the  prere'^viir^ite   to   achieving-   the   ^^^^^,  "Hut   the   f^oal   itself, 
because  only  \':hen  it    ir   reached  v;ill   the   con^^tantl:'^  for^-^entin.'^  di?.:^atisf ac- 
tion and   t'^e  feolin-'^   of   inju.^tice  be  re^"^:oved    fror   the  labo"»^  sphere. 

T^ie  v.ar  v;ill  not   na.^^   over   the  "Inborln^-^  iiasnes  v/ith^ut   an    echo,   because   thev, 
too,   v;ill   see   ir.   it   the  rer.ev.Til   nrcl  refoin   of   t'l-^   o^cl  •./orl'l. 


WPA  (ILL)  PROJ.  30275 


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I  ;•  iia^nes    *^^t  u^   their  c^^r,      These   r-^j'^o   rpo'^'e  t^rh^r''.    rier,^"'"^  te   the 

antiwnr  TT-incz^'les   'irrounced   ;i!  d    ■^'"^'^ '"^v/ed  ,    f^'r-ht  '"^^   ^"he  uiiit^^  rj^-^d 
the  "^'OlitrcBl   ex?;^to^ce  of  thelT   cnui-tT*'^* 


Ore  'u^r^t   ri^t    bropt  ''i'^^.tl"''   t^ie  ^"^^-ct   t'-^'t  the   evo''i:  tionlrtn  hrvc    iolned    the 
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Wr'A(iLL,jPROJ.  50275 


I  G 
I  D 
I  D 

III 
I  S 
I  H 


2 
1 

G 


a 
a 


(2) 


-  10  - 


Dziennik  Chicacoskl,  Oct.  28,  1914. 


POLISH 


Advantages  and  privile.^es  should  be  granted  the  nev;coiaers*     V/e 
should  not  push  a\vuy  fron  /jnerica's  shores  those  wiio  v.ould  con- 
tribute nuscular  strength  to  help  ^Irierican  industry  conquer  the 
label  "Lliado  in  Crornany". 


In  considerinr;  the  immicration  question,  one  riust  not  forcet  that  as  soon 
as  the  v;ar  is  over  feverish  ;\ork  will  be  be^un  to  brine  ii.Iustr^^  back  to 
its  former  stage  of  developments     Then  the  battle  for  laborers  ^^ill  begin 
and  Europe  may  sharpen  her  emigration  lav/s  in  order  to  prevent  laborers 
from  leaving  to  enrich  .'unerica. 


European  industry  will  suffer  great  losses  through  the  x;ar  and  will  remain 
in  a  state  of  lethargy  a  long  time  after  it;   but  it  v/ill  not  lay  down  its 
arms,     lifter  the  war  the  industrial  battle  will  rage  along  the  entire  line 
and  America  may  be  opposed  by  a  commercial  tariff  alliance  of  all  of  Europe. 


WPA  (ILL)  FR3J.  30275 


I  c^ 


-  1 


I  ::  1  a 

HI    G 


('') 


, , .  r^  j .  -  i  1    .     .  J  w    i.  fT  /,      ,  V .  .'  J 


Z'hen   v;hv  rene-?  ^' ov;  r- }>  ;o   :~or^   of 


1  ■''■*. j -i"^:!  ^*"'*': ci oil  bill    r:'^a   b^    t'i'^r 


^^P4  (ILL)  PROJ.  30275 


I  G 

II  B  2  g 

II  D  10 

III  B  2 

III  H 
17 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwlazkowy,  Sept.  25,  1914, 

MEETING  OF  C01.MJKS  1HREE  OF 
HOLY  TRUJITr  PARISH 


Practically  all  of  the  delegates  came  to  yesterday* s  meeting  (September  23) 
in  a  very  serious  mood,  since  they  were  still  under  the  influence  of  the 
telegram  received  by  Kir.  John  F.  Smulski,  president  of  the  Polish  Bank,  from 
the  leaders  of  the  Polish  emigrants  in  France. 

Mr.  Adam  l^lajewski,  commissioner  of  the  Polish  National  Alliance,  was  invited 
to  occupy  the  seat  on  the  stage  next  to  the  president,  Joseph  P.  Szsnmanski. 
translator's  note:  Here  follows  the  regular  business  of  the  meetingjj^ 

The  most  important  point  of  the  discussion  was  the  matter  of  Poland's  in- 
dependence. The  board  of  directors,  after  long  and  serious  deliberation  drew 
up  the  following  resolution: 


Whereas,  on  September  22,  Mr.  John  F.  Smulski  received  a  telegram  from  Bordeaux, 


I  G  -  2  -  POLISH 

II  B  2  g 

II  D  10 

III  B  2 

III  H   the  present  seat  of  the  French  Government,  asking  the  Poles  in  America 

IV  to  send  20,000  compatriots  to  fight  Poland's  oppressors;  and 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  Sept#  25,  1914. 


Whereas,  the  telegram  informs  us  that  the  Poles  in  France  have  already  joined 
the  colors,  urges  us  to  show  ourselves  v/orthy  of  Kosciusko  and  Pulaski,  and 
ends  with  the  words,  ^We  are  counting  on  youl  The  sacred  cause  of  the  home- 
land calls  youl*' 

V/hereas,  this  time  the  most  worthy  and  deserving  men,  prominent  compatriots 
who  are  universally  respected,  signed  the  appeal  to  us:  namely,  the  sfige  leader 
of  the  Polish  emigrants  in  France,  Colonel  Joseph  Galenzowski;  Ignace 
Paderewski,  who  at  his  own  expense  erected  a  monument  in  Cracow  on  the  anni- 
versary of  the  pogrom  of  the  Teutonic  Knights  in  the  battle  of  Grunwald,  which 
was  won  by  Jagiello  and  his  brave  cohorts;  Jan  Styka,  famous  painter  and 
sculptor;  and  Fortunat  Strowski;  and 


V/hereas,  this  appeal  makes  it  imperative  that  we  begin  action  at  once,  that  we 


-  3  - 
Dzlennlk  Zwiazkowy,  Sept.  25,  1914. 
no  longer  put  off  helping  the  hoineland;  and 


I  G  -  3  -  POLISH 

II  B  2  g 

II  D  10 

III  B  2 
III  H 
IV 

\Vhereas,  even  the  most  indifferent  of  our  countrjnnen  have  said  that 
when  the  time  came,  when  v/e  received  the  call  from  responsible  people,  they 
would  sacrifice  everything  and  open  their  hearts;  and 

V/hereas,  It  is  the  especially  sacred  duty  of  all  groups  belonging  to  our  com- 
mune not  to  delay  a  minute  longer,  but  by  making  the  greatest  offer  possible 
at  once,  to  rouse  their  organization  and  members  from  lethorgy— to  rouse  the 
Polish  multitude  of  four  million  persons  in  the  United  States  from  their 
attitude  of  waiting;  be  it  therefore 

Resolved,  By  Commune  Three  of  Holy  Trinity  Parish,  that  the  delegates  shall 
arrange  a  special  meeting  of  the  groups  or  societies  by  the  end  of  the  present 
week  or  the  beginning  of  the  next,  and  arrange  for  appreciable  contributions 
for  the  cause  of  the  homeland,  and  that  every  member  of  the  Polish  National 
Alliance  residing  within  the  boundaries  of  our  Commune  ought  to  pledge  to  pay  a 
voluntary  tax. 


I  G 


-  4  - 


POLISH 


,€^ 


■y    ^ 


Dz ienn i I-c  Zv: iazkov;y ,   Sept,   25,    1914, 


II  B  2  g 

II  D  10 

III  B  2 

III  H   It  is  the  duty  of  tiie  delegates  to  push  this  natter  forward  with  zeal 

IV  and  enthusiasm  and  to  infora  the  directors  of  the  Co;T"!une  at  once, 
through  tlie  sccretar:'',  Dr.  J,  IJ,  Orlov;s^:i,  1747  V/est  Division  Gtreet, 

of  jriotions  passed  at  the  meetings  of  their  respective  {groups. 


"^  m.  I 


The  delegates  should  call  the  attention  of  their  groups  and  societies  to  the 
fact  that  if  we  ne.:7;lect  our  sacred  duty  nav,  v/e  shall  be  wealreninf-  the  honor 
and  di";nity  of  the  Polish  enirrants  in  the  United  states, 

/ill  none:/  collected  for  the  cause  of  tl,e  liorieland  should  be  sent  to  the  chief 
collector  of  the  Cor.Tmune,  I.i*.  Peter  3.  Latv/is,  232.?  N.  Avers  Avenue,  or  directly 
to  Ilr.  Joseph  ICacdziarz,  treasurer  of  the  Independence  Fund  of  the  Polish 
national  Alliance  at  the  ^iJLliance  building. 


In  addition  to  the  resolution  the  following'  statement  was  dravm  up:  "T-.Ir.  John 

F.  Sriulski  received  on  3eptenber  5,  a  telep:rar.i  fron  V/arsav;,  appealin;^  for 

help  to  the  homeland  and  si^^ned  by  './itold  Fuchs,  American  vice-consul  at  V/arsavj, 


I  G 

II  B  2  g 

II  D  10 

III  B  2 
III  H 
17 


-  5  - 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  6ept#   25,  1914« 


POLISH 


President  Smulski  turned  at  once  to  the  most  prominent  wealthy  Americans, 
who  agreed  to  make  steady  and  generous  contributions.  One  of  these,  Mr. 
Crane,  offered  one  thousand  dollars  a  month  for  the  duration  of  the 
European  war.  The  Commune  expresses  its  gratitude  to  Lir.  John  F.  Smulski  for 
the  civic  zeal  and  energy  manifested  in  handling  this  matter." 

In  the  discussions,  the  old  matter  of  lack  of  confidence  because  of  rivalry 
with  the  K.  0.  N.  Committee  on  National  Defense/  and  the  unpleasant  experiences, 
which  had  resulted  from  the  collection  of  contributions  by  various  groups  at 
various  times,  were  brought  up  again.  Commissioner  tiajewski.  President 
Szymanski,  Mr.  John  F.  Singer,  Mr.  Stanley  Markowski,  Mr.  Anthony  Plucinski,  Mr. 
Misiewicz,  and  Dr.  J.  K.  Orlowski  explained  that  at  a  time  of  such  great  im- 
portance to  the  homeland,  it  is  the  sacred  duty  of  the  Alliance  members  to  obey 
the  commands  of  the  central  board  of  directors  and  to  believe  the  assurances  of 
the  advisory  board  and  the  censor  that  not  a  single  penny  of  the  contributions 
and  donations  vri.ll  be  used  for  any  purpose  other  than  aiding  the  homeland.  The 
importance  of  events  and  the  truly  epochal  nature  of  the  times  which  v/e  are  now 


I  G 

II  B  2  g 

II  D  10 

III  B  2 
III  H 
IV 


-  6  - 


Dziennlk  Zwiazkowy,  Sept.  25,  1914, 


POLISH 


experiencing  demand  the  greatest  sacrifice.  Groups  belonging  to 
Connnune  Three,  the  largest  in  respect  to  the  number  both  of  societies 
and  of  members,  should  set  the  example. 


Delegate  Milewska  seconded  this  motion  with  great  earnestness  and  recommended 
that  full  confidence  be  given  the  censor  and  the  president  of  the  Polish  National 
Alliance.  They  cannot  tell  the  whole  story  but  must  appeal  for  contributions  be- 
cause all  of  former  Poland  has  been  turned  into  a  bloody  battlefield  and  is  call- 
ing to  us  for  fraternal  sympathy,  help,  and  immediate,  generous  contributions. 

The  opponents  of  the  motion,  Messrs.  Anielewski,  Hinkelman,  and  Baranowski,  tried 
to  take  adv€Uit€Lge  of  every  argument  to  justify  their  lack  of  confidence.  But 
even  they  had  to  stress  the  importance  of  doing  our  duty  for  the  homeland, 
which,  as  members  of  the  Alliance,  we  cannot  fulfill  except  by  loyally  following 
the  suggestions  of  the  administrators  of  the  Alliance  and  doing  our  sacred  duty 
toward  our  countrymen,  toward  the  most  vital  interests  of  the  nation,  and 
toward  the  homeland,  without  lengthy  discussions. 


II 


n 


P0LI3II 


(7 
O 


Dziennil:  Zyjiazkar/^  Jept*    25,   1914. 


II  D   10 

III  B  2 

III  H   He  who  loves  this  hoi  leland ,  as  President  .]zym:ins]:i  expressed  it,  must 
VJ  join  the  ranl:s  at  once  and  set  the  example  of  love  and  sacrifice  for 

our  roLand. 

The  motion  v/as  passed  by  152  votes  a.':;ainst  the  tliree  votes  of  delegates 
/jiielOTTslii,  HinheL.ian,  and  Baranovjs/ci ,  tlie  first  of  \mon  had  earlier  in  the 
meetin'"^  laade  a  pledge  to  the  K,  0.  h. 

The  contributions  v;ero  as  follovrs:  ^Translators  note:  here  follovjs  an  itenized 
account  of  hov;  much  each  croup  contributed_jy  The  total,  not  including  the 
voluntary  rer.ular  tax  of  the  i.-ieiibers,  cai.ie  to  ;5,406.65. 

This  sun  7;ill  be  :!:reatly  increased  at  next  v/eolc's  neetin^^s  and  the  societies 
and  croups  of  our  CoLnaune  vrill  lead  in  contributions. 

x^  to  an  educational  pro,2:raj;i,  it  v/as  decided  to  conduct  recular  lectures  during- 
the  fall  and  v;inter  seasons  and  to  invite  reconnized  specialists  to  deliver  them. 
Vie   shall  v;rite  a  separate  communication  on  the  subject  of  these  lecturers. 


\  ■"> 


I  G 
III  H 
I  C 


POLISH 


Dzieimik  Zwiazkov/y,   Sept*   25,   1914. 


ISXICAN  FIGETnre  CCGK3 


(Editorial) 

In  the  Polish- American  papers  and  at  all  sorts  of  mass  meetings  and  gather- 
ings, one  sees  nothing  and  hears  nothing  but  invectives  and  complaints  against 
fellow  countrymen. 

7/ith  the  conceit  of  peacocks  our  would-be  apostles  of  so-called  progress 
spread  their  colored  feathers  before  the  eyes  of  peaceful,  uncritical  people, 
shouting  that  only  they  are  authorized  to  work  for  Poland,  that  everything 
that  others  do  is  wrong,  deserves  condemnation,  and  is  the  work  of  provocators. 

Looking  at  this  battle  with  cool  objectivity  one  wonders  what  these  people 
are  fighting  about.   One  knows  only  this  for  certain:  during  the  entire 
history  of  our  nation  and  especially  in  its  epoch  of  martyrdom,  we  have  had 


I  G 
III  H 
I  C 


--  2  -- 


Dziermlk  Zwiazkov/y,   Sept.    25,   1914. 


POLISH 


three  enemies,  Germany,  Russia,  and  Austria*  It  would  seem  that  since  these 
are  ap:ainst  us,  we  would  be  for  each  other,  "nie  opposite  is  true,   .'dthough 
all  of  us  hate  our  enemies,  although  all  of  us  desire  Poland's  freedom  and 
independence,  nevertheless,  to  the  great  joy  of  these  very  enemies  of  ours, 
we  cannot  agree  among  ourselves.  We  sean  not  to  recognize  the  necessity 
of  consolidated  united  national  work  at  a  time  of  such  tremendous  importance 
to  the  future  of  our  homeland. 

Any  example  taken  at  random  from  life  shows  the  senselessness  of  the  conduct 
of  the  Polish- Americai  brawlers. 


For  example,  doctors  are  called  to  the  bedside  of  a  certain  patient  (and 
Poland  certainly  can  be  considered  such  a  bedridden  patient)  to  hold  a 
consultation.  The  calllns  of  a  consultation  indicates  that  a  difference 
of  opinion  on  the  diagnosis  of  the  disease  and  the  method  of  treating  it 
is  anticipated.  The  doctors  ar^^ue  and  discuss  their  points  but  finally 
come  to  an  af^reement. 


I  g 

III  H 

I  c 


-   3  - 


Dziennik  Zwiazkov/y,  Sept.   25,   1914. 


POLISH 


If  these  physicians  followed  the  example  of  our  ^politicians,'*  each  of 
them  would  cry  out,  ''Let  the  patient  die,  but  I  will  not  yield  my  points" 
The  patient  would  die. 

Does  not  this  example  suffice  to  show  the  stupidity  of  the  conduct-  of  our 
political  parties,  these  "doctors"  of  the  homeland? 

YesJ — but  not  in  the  opinion  of  various  fomenting  editors  and  others  of  their 
ilk.  Some  shout  that  we  should  wish  success  to  the  Triple  Alliance,  that  we 
should  not  want  Germany  defeated,  for  then  Russia  would  rule  the  world  and 
thus  the  civilization  and  culture  of  ages  would  be  lost.  Others,  again, 
see  our  future  in  G-erman  victory,  etc. 

Nonsense.  Double  nonsensel  In  the  first  place,  the  Western  powers  will 
not  allow  Russia  to  extend  her  influence  unbridled.  If  necessary,  they  can 
simply  refuse  to  grant  Russia  credit,  and  thus  destroy  her  within  a  year. 


^  ^  ^ 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  Sept.  25,  1914, 


POLISH 


In  the  second  place,  vAiy  mention  civilization  and  culture  in  the  present 
era,  viien  the  European  war  has  already  surpassed  in  barbarisin  the  barbaric 
invasions  of  the  Huns  and  Attila?  Hov;  can  one  talk  about  culture  and 
civilization  when  the  civilized  countries  could  find  no  other  means  of 
settling  their  disputes  than  murder  and  destruction?  Is  not  the  bombing  of 
private  homes  and  hospitals,  whose  protection  in  wartime  was  guaranteed  at 
the  International  Conference  of  1864  at  Geneva,  worse  than  the  barbarity  of 
the  Tartar  or  Kalmuck  hordes?  This  is  not  the  time  to  talk  of  civilization 
because  we  shall  not  see  it  again  until  after  the  war« 


The  mere  victory  of  the  civilized  nations  in  this  war  is  not  enough;  v/hat 
these  civilized  countries  do  after  tlrie  war  and  how  they  go  about  it  are 
the  important  things.  The  victors  of  this  war  can  show  themselves 
magnificent  reformers  of  the  world;  or  they  can  show  themselves  to  be 
worse  scoundrels  than  they  were  on  the  bloodiest  battlefields. 

Today  we  have  no  way  of  knowing  what  they  v;ill  be  like  viien  the  i/var  ends. 


I  G 
III  H 
I  C 


-  5  - 


Dziennik  Zwiazkoivy^  Sept.   25,   1914. 


^OLISH 


All  we  can  do  is  to  show  England  and  France  greater  confidence  than  Prussia* 
Therefore,  why  all  of  the  quarrels,  foolish  talk,  dissention,and  attacks 
against  each  other?  Those  who  oppose  any  sort  of  united  national  wor? 
should  view  the  present  situation  in  the  light  of  reason,  not  in  the  liijht  of 
party  egotism  or  personal  dislike  for  individuals  within  our  camp*  Neither 
you  nor  we  will  accomplish  anything  as  individuals.  Only  the  people  as  a 
whole  can  achieve,  and  we  individuals  should  serve  as  an  example  to  others. 

IVhy  then  do  you  fly  at  us  like  Mexican  fighting  cocks?  No  one  is  taking 
anything  away  fran  you.  No  one  is  trying  to  impose  his  convictions  on  you. 
Each  of  us  feels  that  he  has  the  rifrht  to  love  the  homeland  and  work  for 
it  with  all  of  his  strength.  That  is  why  we  are  Poles.  To  serve  his 
country  is  the  privilege  of  every  Pole,  and  we  will  not  allow  even  the 
reddest  of  our  enemies  to  take  it  away  from  us. 


"1 
r 


POLISH 


III  B  4 
III  B  2 
III  H 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy>  dept.  24:,  1914. 

R:isoLUTio:-:  ^asss^^  .^t  ^e?'1^i  coi^iiiiii'io:.  of 

POLISM  ;.^I^:>i'3  ALLIANCE 


We  the  delegates  to  the  Tenth  Convention  of  (.he  Alliance  of  Polish  .lonen   in 
America,  meeting  at  Chica^'O,  Illinois,  in  view  of  the  latest  news  from  across 
the  sea,  brinniin^;;  u^  emigrants  an  appeal  from  Poland's  best  sons  to  take  up 
action  for  freeing  .he  homeland  from  the  chains  of  subjection;  cognizant  of 
the  fact  that  no?/  every  minute  is  precious  and  that  even  the  smallest  delay 
can  bring  great  harm  to  the  sacred  cause;  without  waitinf;  until  the  end  of 
our  convention  deliberations,  do  resolve  and  decree  the  follov/inp,  on  this 
twenty-third  day  of  3ecteT.ber,  1914: 

!•   In  the  name  of  zhe   most  sacred  cause  of  Poland's  independence,  dear  to 
ever^'-  Polish  heart,  we  appeal  to  all  Polish  organizations  in  America  aiid  to 
all  of  our  emigrants  in  general,  to  forget  at  once,  all  differences  of  opinion, 
organizational  rivalry,  and  partisanship;  to  offer  each  other  a  fraternal 


->» 


v,- 


r2_    • 


\  '' 


I  G 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  <:.wiazko\vy,  Sept.  24,  1914. 


Ill  3  4 
III  B  2 
III  H 

handclasp;  and  to  u-iite  to  form  a  central  national  governjneno  and 
treasury  anong  the  emigrants  for  the  -ourpose  of  be^tinning  inimediate,  energetic 
action  for  the  cause  of  Poland's  independence. 


2.  Since  the  present  poleinical  war,  bein^r  conducted  with  relentless  brutality 
in  our  newspapers,  greatly  hinders  the  development  of  a  final  understanding 
between  us  and  prevents  us  from  consolidating  our  strength  to  further  our 
sacred  cause;  since  this  repul^'ive  fratricidal  vjar  only  widens  differences 
of  conviction  and  encoura^:e3  personal  anta::'onisin,  so  that  we  call  our  opponents 
traitors  to  the  national  cause;  we  condemn  it  with  all  severity.   ;/e  declare 
that  there  are  no  traitors  in  the  Polish  nation  now  and  that  the  entire 
nation,  all  sons  and  daughters  of  Poland,  are  fired  by  the  same  spirit,  the 
desira  to  regain  the  independence  of  the  homeland.   Since  men  may  have 
different  opinion  and  yet  seek  the  same  goal,  no  one  has  the  right  to  hurl 
invectives  and  aspersion^  at  a  countryman  whose  method  of  approach  is  not 
the  same.  He  v/ho  is  guilty  of  such  unseemly  action  at  a  time  like  this,     " - 


.'.  .,1 


\^     , 


I  G 


-  3  - 


P0LI3II 


Dziennik  Zwiazka'Ar/-,  oept.  PA^   1914. 


Ill  3  4 
III  E  2 
III  K 

perpstrates  a  ^:riive  criir.e  at^ainst  the  mother  country. 


3.   Immediately  after  the  Poles  in  America  have  succeeded  in  organizing  a 
central  national  -^^overnment  '.ind  treasury,  v;e  appeal  to  them  to  carry  out  the 
will  of  this  government  77ith  unquestioned  obedience  and  willingly  to  place 
all  of  their  material  wealth  at  its  disposal. 

Countrymen,  we  have  not  a  moment  to  lose!  Poland  is  awakening  from  her  century- 
old  lethargy  and  calls  to  us  for  helpl  Cur  youn^:  men  are  eager  for  actioni 
Tliey   await  the  command  of  their  leaders  with  impatience!  He  must  not  delay 
and  put  off,  we  must  strike  with  steel!  Long  live  Poland,  free  and  independent, 
delivered  from  her  bondage  by  the  united  efforts  of  all  of  her  children. 

Press  Comraittee: 


Helen  oetmajer 


Frances  Garbarek 


I.'lichalina  Swietlik 


T 


^j> 


i    -..;  urn  J   w  A 

y 


\^. 


I  Q 
III  H 


POLISH 


Dziennlk  Zwia2kov»y.  Sept.  23,  1914. 


TIMELY  REMARKS 


(Editorial) 


Today  we  have  printed  on  the  first  page  of  our  paper  a  photostatic  copy  of 
the  cablegram  sent  from  Bordeaux,  temporary  capitol  of  France,  by  prominent 
Polish  citizens.  They  appeal  to  the  Polish  emigrants  to  form  Polish  Legions. 


Still  another  call  from  our  compatriots  in  Eiirope  should  finally  remove  all 
doubt  as  to  our  political  reasoning,  V/ith  enthusiasm  and  firmness  we  should 
transform  our  daydreams  into  action.  We  should  put  aside  quarrels  and  disagree* 
ments  and  unite  in  the  one  thought,  that  we  must  incorporate  the  enthusiasm  of 
our  young  men  in  the  one  sweet-sounding  watchword,  legion* 


■3-. 
r  - 


o 


Everything  depends  on  the  consolidation  of  our  parties  and  on  concerted  action. 
With  strong  faith  in  our  future  and  our  historial  mission,  which  we  have  yet 
to  fulfill,  we  should  now,  here  in  America,  kindle  the  sacred  flame  of 


III  H 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkoi-;y,  Sept.  23,  1914. 


enthusiasm  for  the  cause  and  sacrifice  everything  that  v/e  possess  on  the  altar 
of  our  mother  country. 

Let  all  quarrels  cease.  Let  all  obstacles  which  block  our  way  tavard  complete 
unity  disappear  and  let  their  place  be  taken  by  harmony,  which  makes  even  the 
weak  strong. 

V/e  believe  that  the  moment  of  such  fraternization  among  us  here,  in  x\merica, 
is  not  far  distant.  ;/e  knov;  that  only  a  matter  of  hours  separates  us  from 
that  moment.  Therefore,  already  v;e  look  toward  the  future  with  confidence, 
certain  that  all  organizations  and  parties  will  again  stand  shoulder  to  shoulder 
and  exert  their  united  strength  toward  the  same  goal. 

V/hen  the  old  bastilles  of  hatred  and  disagreement  which  have  divided  us  fall, 
when  all  of  us  exchange  fraternal  greetings  and  get  to  work  in  harmony,  then 
the  generosity  of  the  masses  for  the  most  sacred  causes  will  increase,  and 
thousands  v/ill  be  contributed  for  the  purpose  of  succoring  our  homeland,  whose 


r 
r 


c 

r 


I  G 
III  H 


-  3  - 


Dziennik  Zwiazko\7y>   Sept.    23,   1914. 


POLISIi 


most  prorainent  sons  appeal  to  us  for  help. 

There  will  then  be  no  traitors  to  the  cause.  The  entire  nation  will  unite 
in  one  whole,  and  this  whole  will  be  as  great  and  strong  as  vie   can  make  it. 
Therefore,  it  is  time  we  started  to  work  in  harmony. 


r» 


c 


I  G 

III  K 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zvilazkoypj\   Sept.    23,    1914. 


SHOULD  Vy^H]   FOLLOVv   OIJR  K^hRT3  OR  Ol.?R  L:II\T)3? 


(Editorial) 

The  general  European  tragedy  which  is  nov;  being  enacted  on  the  continent  of 
the  Old  V/orld  has  united  practically  all  nations  in  their  aims  and  demands. 
In  us,  remote  spectators,  it  still  fans  the  flames  of  fratricidal  quarrel- 
someness and  encourages  disharmony  betv;een  groups  of  brothers. 

False  conceptions  and  opinions  of  the  moment,  v;hich  came  from  the  heart  and 
were  not  based  on  political  judgment,  have  been  smuggled  over  to  us  for  years. 
Because  of  them,  our  society  here  has  been  unable  to  make  the  effort  to 
accomplish  a  most  important  thing,  namely,  destruction  of  the  last  vestige  of 
the  spirit  of  1912,  a  spirit  which  captivated  us  when  political  policies  v/ere 
shaping  up  quite  differently  and  other  clouds  v;ere  taking  form  on  the  horizon. 


Then  v/e  felt,  and  to  a  certain  extent  v;e  v;ere  justified  in  this  feeling,  that 
if  a  war  broke  out  betv/een  Austria  and  Russia,  if  all  of  Europe  kept  out  of  it, 


I  g 

III  H 


rOLI  -H 


Dzienrik  "x:i:izho\Y 


JL* 


oept. 


O  r:- 


]914. 


v;e,  as  a  nation,  could  not  join  the  ijide  of  the  \.orse  of  th^^se  tr.o  energies 
of  ours,  but  shoul'l  defend  ..ustria,  the  one  v;hich  had  ^iven  ur  the  f*re:.test 
amount  of  freedon,  liberty,  anc  n-.itional  development <> 

This  v;as  an  impulr-e  of  th-j  he-irt,  or  r^^ther  a  feelin-:  of  c^atitude  to  one  of 
our  annexers ;  it  v.as  not  the  result  of  cool-headed  :)olitical  intellir-ence,  by 
v.hich  society  shoula  ,;_:overn  itself  at  such  tines.   . without  takini*  into  considera- 
tion the  possibility  of  -^11  sorts  of  nationalistic,  coverrjuental  complications 
v.hich  v.ould  appear  as  soon  as  one  of  the  poi.ers  reached  for  its  sv.'ord,  '".e,  like 
children,  toyed  i.ith  the  boldest  d^iy  ^.reams  and  placed  ourselves  under  the  sceptre 
of  him  rho  r-ave  us  a  certain  amount  of  personal  liberty  and  permitted  us  to  have 
some  sort  of  autonoinous  politico-n^ticnal  existence* 


Under  such  circumstances,  our  deductions  ivere  rather  locical.  The  present  jJuropean 
tragedy  has  presented  an  entirely  cifi'erent  set  of  circumst-zjices  and  \.e  must  chrji^e 
our  deductions  completely.   .;e  see  that  this  enemy  of  ours,  v;ho  granted  us  certain 
liberties,  is  lo^^lly  supporting  our  vorst  enemy,  v.ho  for  an  entire  century  has 
Exerted  every  effort  to  adv^mce  ar:ainst  our  nation  the  traitorous  policy  of  de- 


I  g 

III  H 


-  o  - 


PCLI  :;h 


Dziennik  Z'::ic.zkovjy ^   .^opt.  *^o,  1914. 


stroyim'-  everythinc  relish,  ever:,'i:hin;i':  ^vhich  \;as  ours,  -iiic;  v;ho  nt  the  sane  tine,  as 
Europe's  detested  "policeman  of  armed  peace/'  hac  ^uarreled  vith  everyone  and  has 
dra;m  the  rrath  of  dozen:-,  or  the  MOst  influent ial  ijid  nio^t   noi.erful  nations,  so 
that  they  have  sworn  to  reven^'e  themselves  -na  annihilate  hiiru 

Political  v.lsdom  and  cool  calculations  dei.ionstrate  clearly  that  this  enemy  can  never 
emer-^e  as  tho  victor  of  the  ;.ar.  ..s  the  old  adar-^e  says,  nee  ^:ercules  contra  -nlures, 
even  Hercules  cannot  conquer  many  opponents.  'Therefore  in  such  times  as  these, 
the  impulses  of  the  heart  shcul-i  ^'ive  v;ay  to  the  jud^-ment  of  the  irdnd ,  and  in  cur 
"oresent  c-.dculationa  v.e  shoulu  not  take  into  consideration  \  hat  \-e  ar;reed  to  do  tao 
years  afjo,   but  ahat  aober  politick,  tliinkin;:  tella  us  to  do  noi.. 


..'e  see  th-...t  on  one  .-^ide  st-  nd  such  poaers  as  }Jn':lana,  Prance,  Russia,  Japan,  Italy, 
3el,^iujri,  oerbia,  and  i.^ontene^ro,  .  ith  their  syrr.patliizers,  vhile  on  the  othe  side 
there  is  only  Germany  and  ..usaria,  the  l-.tter  alre-.dy  condemned  to  j^rjiihilation, 
..e  can  see  at  a  fiance,  aithcut  ':ny   mather. -tical  c*  Iculation;  ,  v;hich  side  has  the 
advanta':e  and  to  \.hich  aide  victory  ^  ill  fall. 


I  G 

III  H 


-  4  - 


Dziennik  Zwiazkov/^s  oept.  23,  1914. 


POLISH 


Cognizant  of  this,  do  v;e  want  to  side  with  the  conquered  or  vdth  the  victors, 
who  for  our  loyalty  alone,  proriise  us,  and  already  openly  de.^and,  that  what 
one  of  the  fomer  succeeded  in  taking  from  us  by  force  be  returned  to  us? 

On  the  one  hand  we  have  political  v/isdom,  on  the  other  impulses  of  the  heart. 
On  the  one  side  sober,  cool  political  calculations,  on  the  other  a  stubborn 
hanging  on  to  a  rickety  old  fence  which  will  fall  any  day  nov;  and  which  offers 
no  support  for  the  future.  IVe  should  govern  ourselves  nov/  v;ith  our  minds,  not 
v;ith  our  hearts,  and  follow  the  advice  of  those  who  have  not  allov;ed  their  in- 
telligence to  be  obscured  by  iinpulses  of  good  will  and  v/ho  calculate  clearly 
what  benefit  can  come  to  us  as  a  result  of  helping  the  stronger.  The  greatest 
men  of  the  nation,  v/ho  can  think  clearly,  urge  us  to  follov/  the  dictates  of 
political  wisdom.  Today's  cablegram  from  France  to  the  emigrants  here, 
probably  the  most  important  one  which  v;e  have  recently  received,  exhorts  us  to 
take  this  political  step. 


For  what,  then,  shall  v/e  declare  ourselves,  for  the  mind  or  for  the  heart?  It 
seems  to  us  that  we  should  declare  ourselves  for  that  v/hich  assures  us  a  bette 
future,  v/hich  tells  us  to  weigh  everything  coolly — that  is,  for  good  political 


III  It 


R 

Ky 


f  CLI.  H 


Dziennik  ■v;iazlcov.y,  ,.;ept»  :'o,  191 


judrxient — in  our  effort?  for  xoland^^j  independf-nc^,  here  in  e   foreirxi  l*.Jid. 
Therefore,  let  U3  folio;,  oui^  ninus,  ::nd  surely  v;e  sh:.ll  not  blunder,  ci3  our 
fellov.  countrynen  in  •'^ialicia. ,  vho  have  folloved  the  dictrtes  of  their  hecrts, 
hcsve  blundered,  c.n']  i.ho  prob'.ibly  *..lre::dy  realize  only  too  v;ell  the  conse  uences 
of  their  false  nove» 


'-1 

\    - 


-TTr 


1" 


J:: 


-l-;Zi 


■>)  U  ' '  o  • 


^      rv.  ,^..j^  .   .  j 


.  'J 


>      -  * 


■^  • 


.n:^ 


-  \j 


-i ,    I  roi 


■>,  r-' 


i'ollu.;i:i 


j:'ro  -   Jolo.inl   '\iiov;ov;ol:i , 


o 


^        ,/ 


^:0G 


« 1  - 

,  i.L. 


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1201  l.il"..:.':':e9     ^eraio 
Jliica::o,    Illiii'is 


1 1>  » 

1^  ^^ 


■^        •      i        \J      ^■^■ 


^  X.  o  .•■■' 


Oo.  ijoatriotG  o^.na  t'.:0:-L./  ■liiOiisand  roi:)o  to  ^"i  'Lt  the  '..-aXow:\.  ■  avu  tiie;..  liinJ 
ill  Jiif^liJi'j.  bo  ioin  Lu^  ;:riti.;i.  .^r...'  i:i  .^ruico.  ..11  our  ole;^  in  Prince  huvo 
•alreuav  joir^al  tlio  col^/ro.  Si.o::  /oi:rjjlvj3  './orth./  or  i~C3  3i:G^:o  :.nd  xUlas^ri. 
iCr:J  ouUoO   Oi    the  ao:.iJl:ai  :   ctillo  vtju. 


Jcl(.;nol  J  OoO  h  Q 


xj.O  ^O'. .  .,-.11 


1 

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1! 

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r 

u^ionni,:   -j..i;u.;:o.- 


— ' 


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■-  X  ..  ^,  .L  w 


L'ortiiii;it    . Jt.ro:.. 3    1 


T   ■ 


(-:t7-:-.) 


W      ±    J_  J.    -.  '.  _    v.*.  U.    v^  .    -  —  J-      ^^   .    *     -«    K-»      • 


— LLimm^^amimi 


I  a 


jr 


II  D  IC 

II]    B  2 

III  ]■ 
TI 


-(;i_-.": 


— *<^i^^       ■        ■ -"W^I^N*^— —^-^»^^     ■        ■         ■         ■         Mil  ^        ■■    III    '  ' 


•^'^^•L  Tt    i'vl: 


a. 


..-I. 


N.      .      I. 


■/T 


by 


Jte'ohan^G  L:^.u(i\':i-0.-rz'inov::ji:a 


I  have  beor:  ai;aitir.,i::  the  end   of  t::o  ioli'>n  Falcon's  convention  v;itii  bated 
breath,  as,  I  bjli-^ve,  other  rolish  v;o::.eD,  for  v.hom  the  fate  of  the  homeland 
is  of  the  utr;L0.:,t  i.iportance,  have  awaited  it,   I  believed  that  real,  not 
paper,  action  v;ould  be  tajcen,  th£it  the  declGion  v;ould  be  laade  to  for:.:  at  one 
a  lecion  of  our  yomir;  .iien,  \;ho  are  ea,-er  for  action  ana  v.illi:i(r  to  offer  their 
lives,  not  just  onpty  v;oraa,  for  the  deliverance  of  tho  homeland. 


0 


r;i 


fhe  decision  ..hich  ;;ould  have  united  all   jalcons  in   readiness  to  strike  the 
blov;  \v'hich  v;ould  liberate  i  oland  v/as  not  i:iaae.     ProcrL.stin::tion  nov;  is   a  f^r-ve 
mistaice,    since  this   is  the  time  for  tl^e  lolisu  le^-don   to  act.      Britannia  rules 
the   seas.      Jhe  v/ill  alio;/  our  lion  to  cross  safely,    because  they  are   :''Oin^:  to 
fip:ht  under  her  colors  and  taose  of  j'rince.      .J?ter  tne   coaflict  has  endeil — it 
iuay  end  at   any  monent — it  v/ill  be  too  late  for  us  to  raise  an  ar:  ed  vrotost 
ar-ainst  the  decision  of  t-.e   MO\/ers,   made  v/ithout   our  r-rticioj.tion  ia   the      /" -c 

/  '-■ 


.•> .' 


o  ,*' 


"x 


I  g 

II  D  10 

III  B  2 
III   '■ 
IV 


i-OLI  v"^ 


Jzieri-.i.c  -^.;i:i,.::Qvr;^,    ^evt.    ;j,.-,    1..14. 


;JurO'i; 


delibei'ati.yiis.      'I^r^o  opportunity  v;ill  iiuve   uOk^ii  lest.      Ci.ir  legion,    if 

it   oIiOmIci  '3vor  leavo  tuese  saorcG,   \/Otild  never  be   allov;e.    to  lanci  in 
It   ;.ould  co^itriuute  notnin^^  worthy  oi*  in^criijtion  in  the  annals   of 
the  nation.      ;ji*ter  all,   ]::iiitury    iction  for  t.^e  hOiielLTid  is  tie  chioi*  ai-i  of 
the   7alcono.      It   i:j  v.hat   entitles    Lho:;.  to  leadersaip  an;onf';  us  anu  gives  L.can- 

luf;  to  tneir  organization.      Co..ld  there  ever  be  a  i^iore  appropriate  tirr.o  them 
the   oresent   to   fi-i-t  ^oliuid'o    aicicnt   enei,// ,    the   eaoriv  of  all  .^lavic  n.^tions, 
to  fi;":lit  tj.is   second  Crruaiv/ald,    i..  a  battle  to  -..hicn  histor;/  calls  us?     ..e  :.;ust 
not   delay  because   Lne  raoment  v.ill  pass,      het   us  throv;  tne  stacirs   of  resolutions 
'ind  paper  pl-.uis   into  the  i/aste^ashet.     Let   cur  younr;  iien  be[:in   to  act  v;.iile 
they  still   can.      You,    broti  er  holes — <::^\ja  here  in  tnis   free  land — ca..  do  tais. 
Our  brothers  across  the  sea  i.ro  forced  to  fii'^nt   iv.   the   ariTii^s  of  our  amiexers, 
\vithout  ncii.e  or  voic^,    and   ia   the  negotiations    ..-.ich  follov;,    they  alll   not  be 
considered  one  of   ohe  belligerents.      Cur  fate   i^.ill   be   decided  v:iuaout   us.     Txiis 
is  horrible  to  conte:.ipl-^teI     You  alone,    by  f orir  inr:  u  le  'ion  of  voiuiiteers  and 
offering  .your  lives,    can  brea.:  the  deathlike   silence   of  our  v;ar-torn  ho:::eland. 
.J.1  of  you  v;orthy  and  ufficient  ..len,   vhio  have   been  training*  for  nilioary  service 
for  i..any  years   in  tiiis   free  coiaitry,    all   of  you  ;;iio  volunteered  to   fi^'dit  a.:ainst 
Ivlexico,    a  cause   foreif^n  to  us,    liurry  no'..   to  fom  :;ir.  heroic  I'olisii  ler;ion»      It 


I  a 

TI  . 

J  10 

Ill 

B  2 

III 

_   s..  ... 


1  / 


ijzieniii::: 


v.ia:^i:uv;y,    .ie{;t.    :Jo,    1.'14, 


IV  vdll  hj  the  rir^t  le;:ion  rori.-od  b.    tno  corjaon   >;OOplG  in  tlio  hiGtory  of 

lOlund,    ■:..  lo"io:.    of  oOlf-sacriiicii.-T,    onii:;;ite:ied  future   citiz<^ri:3   of 
indepGx.deiit  i-ol;iind.     ..ako  tlAs  nobie   sacrifice   on  tiie  rilt^r  of  th:;   rioinf:  iia'.:o- 
liaid.      G--;t:'.er  this  rure   flo'./er  of  haipineso,   ;;iiicii  blooiiiS  but   once   in  a  himdred 
years  ■■nu  vihioli  yortends   for  us  jiicL.anity's   ;;re.:itcst   treasure — libert:-   ana  froe- 
dOi..  frorr:  subjection.      But  nurry,    nurry,    ti.  e   -..111  not   ..cat.      jin-.ncial  resourcos 
— tnouiii  snai.ufuiiy  s...all  cousiderinr;  tliat  there   ar^   tnre-j  i::illions  of  us  iiore 
— are  iij   tno  hands  of  -ill  sorts  of  collect  in,-:  coi^uiittejs.      They  will  suffice  for 
the  i-.ost   ii.Liodiate  necessities.      iTurtaeri-ore,    lc;t   us,    also,    do  our  snare — uo 
rolish  v;o]..on.      It   is  true  that  v;e  Cc^nixOL   offer  our  lives   for  tjio  homeland.      iJis- 
t::ince  and  innuj:.erable   duties  n-Jce  unis   dif  'icult.      But  ue   can  streiini-hen,    si.yli- 
fy,    and  eniedite,   this   action  o£  noly  sixCrifice  for  our  brethren  here.      Let   all 
of  U3    earnestly  toico  up  the   idea  of  for^.-iinr;  .jl  j  olish  le{;iun  in    .jr.erica.      Let   us 
iiialce  it   as  large  as  uossible.     Let  us   re.iove  a].l   oV;stacles   vjid  difficulties   froir; 
its   Dath. 


T      1 

I 


.nat   part   did  tiie  i  olish  u^oiaen  play  in  our  national   insurrections?     They  u-ere 
like  the  burninf^  flai.e  u-hich  yiarias   the   coldest   s'.jirits   and  jrud-r^s  the  liiost       /"^ 


-   4  - 


OLIJK 


II   J  10 


III  B  2 

III  ll 

IV  reluctant  v/ant  to  Tiriit.     Li::o   a  c]:ar.:,   '.:-ic:i  i-lien  throv/n  o..   .  .^v;der 
ip;nite3  and  exploaes   it,    they  causod  t  .o   ri:x;.(jo  to  Sj.read  all  over  lolish 
soil.      They  v/ero  like  tiie  riai.iinr:,   \;in:::ed  liiri^j  v/nicn  yyspia.is.:.!   do^jcribjd  so 
boautifully  in  his   '^Lerion'*   as    Llvin:-    ovor   streets,   houses,    rcaus,    cities,     .. 
and  vill^ires,    rousin-  the  :aen  and  xillin(^:  thoi:.  v.ith  heroic   .:eal,    insf;irim 
and  p:uidin^-  ther:  tov/ara  action. 


p" 


Let   such  riery,    ricu..in^  hikes  of  \;ar  rise  a:;.on^:  us.     Let   every  i-olish  v;onan 
be  a  Hike  to  the  nen  about  her.     Let   thei.i  so-^r,    c^liin-y  loudly  and  constantly, 
**C-o,   AurVjy    bo  ficht   for  the  hor.ic;land." 


The   c-reat   bell   of  oinisniund  lu..^   30un..au   th-j   al...r:..  to   call   tl.e   i^uo.l^.       -ih^-it 
ue  do  to  add  to  v/nat   is  bein-  done  already?     The  no:::eland  needs  a  rroat   deal  of 
financial  help,      .-.t  tne  Lioiient   it   is     -ettiny  its    greatest  hols  not   fro::i  us,    un- 
fortunately,   bul   from  an  .^lorican,    :i  noble   son  of   ohis   free  land.      Our  ov^n 
xvealthy   [.uople,    Iz   se.a.s,    caniiot   bear  to   ..art  with  larger  suiis  of  tneir  riioney. 
\.e  v/orkers  of  tod.iy,   wnose  future   is  uncertain,   v/nat   c:.n  i/e   aive  besides  noney? 
Let   us   contribute  :::oney   by  all  ::ieans,    but   tnis  alono   is  not   enouy...      The  \:ealtnior 
OiiiOnr^  us  posses   objects  x/liich  are  like   fro::en  assets:    tney  serve  only   to   ^-ive  us 


I     Ct 

II  D  10 

III  3  2 
III  V 
IV 


u 


.ol:i.;:- 


uzi  6imi-':     .v;i  uii.  :o'.  /t 


-    -4- 


i-^  I.' 


14. 


^ioasuro  and  to  :.;at.i:ii?y  our  v_<iiity 


Let   us   o'■lc^i^ic^^  tiicje  o:: -ensive 


4- 


0V2  and   jouziio,    juch  ac   di:u..onu3   .uiu.  otncr  :;reciou3   ^toiies,    on  \^iie 
alt-ir  or  our  ravarod  iioineirmd,   without   re  -ret   or  coi.iplaint ,    rejoicinr  in  the 
fact  that  v;e  have  the.':  to  r.ivo.      ...lat   arc   treasurer,   and    ieviels  to  ud?     Can  v;e 
love  tiioi-i  iio\:j    in  vie;,   of  the   river^^   oi    blood  \.hat   are  bein;:  Qii^a^    ir   viev;  of 
the  destruction  of  hanes,   nhtionj,    cmd  the   :)eo_le'3  happinesG,    in  view  of  tne 
loss  of  civilization  and  culture?     Lot   us  tear  tnese  sainin:^,    ox'^ensive  baubles 
froi.i   our  persona,    siiice  Our  ;..,az..l^j.  c./^s  no\.   looa  tov;:ira  the  f^reat,    yolden  sun 
of  life  ahicli   is   about  to  sniiic  upon  ua,   vbiose   dcnicinr-  berais  aill  f  .11  about 
us,    vaiiii  us   ana  our  caildren,    and  bestow  on  them  hu:.:anio7*3   -^reatest  treasure — 
a  countr;  I     Let   us   re:.ieaber  that  the   stawe  is  very  ..ir^h — it   represents  the 
freedo:..  of  o\'r  nation.      In  viev;  of  thi::,  can  anyt.iina  else  hold   any  i.ieaninr:  for 
us   or  dis tract   our  attention  fro:::  the  ...ain   issue,    Wx.ich  is   una   inao;  cadence   of 
our  country  for  us  and  our  cnilarei:  forev^j,.  .ore?     Let   fl:a..iny  Liwo   rise  a::iona 
us,    call  us    wO  to   action,    and  alaee  ner  :.iar::  upon  the   brow  of  eaca  of  us.     Let 


us  liia-iiv^ 


areut    oile   of  our  treasures,    each  yivin  .;  -.aiat   siie   cai] 


11' 


"olish  national  lottery.   Jucn  a  letter:^  should  bo  v^:;rv  ^ey-ul^a*;  we  saoula,  no 
ioubt,  receive  the  support  not  only  of  our  own  yooyle,  but  also  of  ])eople  of 


r 


1-1 

II  J  lu 

III  B   H. 

Ill  :: 

IV  other  iLutioii:iliti-G. 


..■  i;:i2;:o\r', 


^  CO:,.  .±ut:oo   CO.  ..oj;^  ^'T  rej;reoent'ii:ive3   oi'  ::.ll 
ux    bile;  \:o:.;3n'3   or^ -am zati on d   couia     .rran^e  tiiio  ver-    juccessfuilv. 
..o   coulci  then  adci  our  o-.  n  ^ovjoiiai   co]i-:.'iuution  ;.o  ^ho   contributions   oi    our 
Gocioty  in   r-anorul.      Lst   U3  ii.:rryl      T.oL   u.:   act!      Lob   Uo   f^in   ihe   il^uie   oi'  a 

.^  i^.;.J     ±'1.1  J J»         I'liO 


tro:i^^  \;il±  -..it;. in  vu;    to     ivu,    to  love,     -ji'.    lo   :jucrx_'i 
balance  on   ..Iiicli  .rolcxnd'.;   i'ute  ij   bjin;-  v.-^i.':ija,    ±3   ov/avin, 


^  •  >^  • 


1  •  r" 


11  Offer 


contribution  to 


COJiL.lltLO 


.iich  1   jinceroly  lio^e 


an.,  believe   ..ill   bo  for...t)ci. 


I  G 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkovjy,   Sept.   14,   1914 
li\Tiar>iiVLlSTiC  WiSS  IvEETiNG 


II  D  10 

III  B   2 
III  H 
I  C 
IV 

Sunday,  September  15,  at  Julius  Slowacki  Hall,  48th  and  Paulina 
Streets  in  the  district  called  Town  of  Lake,  a  nationalistic  mass  meeting 
was  arranged  by  Commune  39  of  the  Polish  National  Alliance,  Not  as  many 
people  attended  as  v/ere  expected,  because  of  the  matters  to  be  discussed. 


The  meeting  was  opened  shortly'-  before  3  F.  U.   owing  to  the  fact  that  many 
societies  had  scheduled  their  own  meetings  for  that  day. 


The  chairman  of  the  meeting  v/as  Mr.  Stanley  Jankowski,  the  secretarj^, 
l!r.  Edward  Bradel.  Vv.   Jankowski,  having  opened  the  meeting,  explained 
the  reason  for  calling  it  and  declared  that,  in  view  of  the  events  taking 
place  in  Europe,  this  is  not  the  time  for  deliberations  over  the  way  we 
should  conduct  ourselves,  but  the  time  for  action,  the  time  for  bringing 
aid  to  our  brothers.  A  million  of  them  are  now  fif;hting,  not  for  the 
Polish  cause,  but  for  a  foreign  cause.  He  then  introduced  Llr.  Casimir 


IjJr 

11     D     10 

111  i3  2 
111  H 
1   C 
IV 


-   2  - 


Dzlenaik  Zv/lazkowy,   Sept.   14,   1914. 


PuLlSh 


Zychlinski,  president  of  the  Polish  National  Alliance,  as  the  first 
speaker. 


The  speaker  mentioned  the  bloody  drama  of  Sarajevo,  emphasizing  the  fact 
that  at  that  time  no  one  expected  the  incident  to  become  the  cause  of  a 
European  war.  No  one  supposed  that  in  three  months  the  most  horrible  drama 
of  humanity  v/ould  be  taking  place  on  Polish  soil.   Outlining  the  picture  of 
the  indescribable  poverty  of  our  unfortunates  in  the  homeland,  he  called 
upon  the  assemblage  to  hurry  to  the  aid  of  these  imfortunate  people,  to 
open  their  hearts  and  pockets  to  them* 

He  next  asked  the  question,  whom  should  v/e  Poles  join,  and  asserted  that  we 
should  not  join  any  of  our  enemies,  because  they  have  perpetrated  never-to- 
be-forgotten  wrongs  against  our  nation.  With  the  appeal  ''bread  for  the 
poor,  hungry  countryiaen,''  K:r.  Zychlinski  ended  his  speech. 


Mr.  John  F.  Smulski,  president  of  the  Polish  Bank,  delivered  the  next 


-  3  - 


Dziennlk  Zwiazkowy,  Sept.  14,  1914 


POLISH 


address.   The  speaker  said  at  the  outset  that,  judging  by  the 
niimber  of  people  gathered,  it  was  doubtful  whether  all  Poles 
understood  the  importance  of  the  times:   if  all  had  understood, 
the  Hall  v/ould  have  been  crowded.   '^The  events  now  taking  place  on  Polish 
soil,'*  said  the  speaker,  "should  make  us  consider  whether  we  Poles  can 
enter  into  an  armed  conflict  with  our  enemies.'^  The  speaker  concluded  that 
in  the  present  circumstances  the  Polish  nation  could  not  even  dream  of 
entering  into  an  armed  conflict.  He  recalled  that  for  the  past  150  years 
it  has  been  said  that  whenever  a  European  v/ar  should  break  out,  Poland 
could  regain  her  independence.  He  continued,  saying  the  time  has  come; 
since  we  cannot  fight  independently  we  should  join  one  of  the  belligerents, 
Russia,  on  whose  side  the  entire  civilized  world  stands — England,  France 
and  Belgium;  these  countries  v;ill  demand  that  Russia  keep  the  promises  she 
has  given  to  the  Poles. 


Finally,  the  speaker  turned  to  the  members  of  the  Alliance,  urging  them 
not  to  lose  confidence  in  this  the  greatest  Polish  organization,  the 


X. 


< 


I  G 

II  D  10 
Hi  B  2 

III  H 
I  C 
IV 

applause . 


-  4  - 


POLISH  /^^  ,,  n^  o\ 

»  •       'A  - 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  Sept.  14,  1914 


V 


cy 


Polish  National  /llliance,  which  has  already  done  a  great  deal  of 
good  here  for  us  immigrants.  The  assemblage  listened  attentively 
to  Mr.  J.  F.  Smulski's  speech  and  rewarded  him  v/ith  frequent 


After  Mr.  Smulski*s  address,  three  ladies  took  up  a  collection,  v;hich 
yielded  $27.89.  This  sum  v;ill  be  sent  to  the  Department  of  Independence 
of  the  Polish  National  Alliance. 

The  third  and  last  address  was  delivered  by  Ix.   John  Przyprawa,  editor  of 
Dziennik  Zv/iazko;vy.  At  the  outset,  he  mentioned  the  great  Polish  demonstra- 
tion at  the  last  mass  meeting  of  the  Falcons  in  Buffalo.  He  mentioned  the 
speech  of  Mr.  Glynn,  Ck^vernor  of  the  state  of  New  York,  v;ho  said  to  a 
crowd  of  several  thousand  Poles  that  Poland  must  be  free.  Then  with  sadness 
he  mentioned  that  relatively  so  fev/  people  had  come  to  yesterday ♦s  mass 
meeting.  He  observed  that  the  Poles  in  that  district  have  a  relatively 
large  church,  and  are  building  an  expensive  new  one,  but  for  Poland's 


I  G 

II  D  10 

III  B  2 
111  H 
I  C 
IV 


-  5  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkovvy,  Sept,  14,  1914. 


cause,  for  the  cause  of  reconstructing  the  homeland,  they  do  not 
contribute.  In  his  speech  he  mentioned  the  present  unfortunate 
creation  of  Polish  legions  in  Galicia  and  the  impossibility  of 
Austria's  being  victorious.  However,  he  affiirried  that  through  this  action 
we  shall  be  recognized  as  combatants  and  Poland,  therefore,  will  be  granted 
an  appropriate  place  at  the  futiire  congress. 

For  us  remaining  in  a  foreign  land,  a  country  which  preserves  neutrality 
in  the  present  conflict,  the  speaker  pointed  out  two  duties:  namely,  to 
unite  and  be  trained  in  the  ranks  of  the  Falcons  and  to  contribute  money 
to  the  cause  of  freeing  Poland. 

After  the  address,  Secretary  S.  Bradel  read  the  following  resolution, 
which  was  unanimously  accepted. 


Resolution 


I  G 

II  D  10 

III  B  2 
III  H 

I  C 
IV 


-  6  - 


Dziennik  Zwiazkow^\  Sept.  14,  1914. 


POLISH 


V/hereas,  In  the  present  European  conflict  the  fates  of  monarchs 
are  being  v/eighed  and  bloody  battles  are  being  fought  on  Polish 
soil — soil  to  which  our  nation  has  the  first  right  of  ovmership — 
and  the  present  war  will  undoubtedly  change  the  map  of  Europe; 


^Vhereas,  The  present  war  is  the  result  of  Prussian  intrigue,  which  pushed 
Austria  into  a  war  with  the  Slavs; 

Whereas,  A  Prussian  victory  would  bring  about  even  greater  persecutions  of 
our  brothers  living  under  Prussian  domination;  v/hile  the  victory  of  the 
Slavs,  France,  and  England  would  bring  about  the  unity  of  our  homeland, 
now  torn  into  three  parts,  and  would  unite  our  nation  for  further  battle  for 
its  rights  and  for  the  freedom  and  independence  of  Poland; 

Whereas,  We  Poles  living  in  the  free  land  of  Washington  under  the  Star- 
Spangled  Banner  are  in  heart  and  soul  with  our  brothers  in  the  homeland; 
we  feel  with  them  the  terrible  predicament  of  our  country,  which  in  the 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  Sept.  14,  1914. 


present  conflict  is  sacrificinc  ber  bravest  sons  for  the  cause  of 
her  enemies;  ?.ni  nore  than  a  million  Poles  are  serving  in  enemy 


I  Q  -  7  - 

II  D  10 

III  B  2 
III  K 
I  C 
IV 

armies  against  their  will  and  many  are  killed  each  day  for  the 

greater  glory  of  our  enemies;  therefore 

We  Poles,  men  and  women  of  the  District  of  Tovm  of  l^ike,  gathered  together 
this  thirteenth  day  of  August,  1894.  /Translator'^  note:   This  is  the  date 
given  but  the  author  must  mean  September  IS,  1914_^/,  at  Julius  Slov/acki  Hall, 
resolve  and  declare  to  the  entire  world  including  the  countries  now  at  war: 

1.  That  not  for  a  moment  will  our  nation  of  25,000,000  relinquish  its 
right  to  Polish  lands  or  to  the  freedom  of  its  nation. 

2.  That  we  condemn  the  military  system  with  which  the  Prussians  rule  because 
it  has  forced  other  countries  to  arm  in  order  to  defend  their  borders  against 
Prussian  rapacity  and  to  end  the  audacity  of  the  Prussians,  v/ho  declared  war 
against  almost  the  entire  world,  confident  of  their  own  military  strength. 


I  G 


II  D  10 

III 

B  2 

III 

H 

I  C 

IV 

-  8  - 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  Sept.  14,  1914 


POLISH 


3.  That  we  wish,  with  all  our  hearts,  success  and  great  victory 
to  those  countries  which  have  taken  up  the  sword  against  the 
brutal  Prussian  in  order  to  humble  him, 

4.  That  we  express  our  sincere  sympathy  to  our  brothers  in  the  homeland, 
who  are  most  affected  by  this  bloody  war. 

5.  That  we  solemnly  swear  to  support  the  Independence  Fund  to  the  best  of 
our  ability  and  strength. 

Long  live  the  Slavs  and  France,  England,  and  Belgium!  Long  live  free  and 
independent  Poland! 

After  passing  the  resolution  and  singing  the  national  anthem,  "God  Save 
Poland,"  the  chairman  adjourned  the  mass  meeting  and  the  Falcons  present 
at  the  gathering  sang  "Sleepy  and  Lazy." 


I  Q 
III  H 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwlazkowy>  Sept.  12,  1914. 

VOICE  OF  THE  READER 

We  are  between  the  cinvil  and  the  hammer.  We  are  like  a  bar  of  iron  in  the 
hands  of  a  blacksmith,  urtio  is  going  to  hammer  the  iron  into  steel — steel  which 
flashes,  steel  which  no  force  can  bend.  The  blacksmith  is  the  present  moment; 
we  are  the  iron;  our  fighting  units  will  be  the  steel. 

Our  men  ardently  desire  to  gather  all  Polish  sons  under  one  flag,  to  inspire 
all  with  one  thought,  to  inculcate  in  all  one  idea  and  one  motto:  ^ight,*^ 
regardless  of  what  happens.  Fight,  because  only  by  fighting  can  we  hope  to 
save  all  of  Poland 1 


The  time  for  deliberation  has  passed •  The  time  for  political  ideologies  has 
gone  without  leaving  even  an  echo.  High  politics  has  fallen  frcxii  its  lofty 
perch  and  broken  its  neck,  and  only  one  idea  remains:  Fight!  Fight  in  such 
a  way  that  either  they  or  we  shall  be  annihilated.  Fight  our  enemies  for  all 
of  the  wrongs,  persecutions,  and  tortures  they  have  inflicted  on  us.  Fight 


X 


I  G 
III  H 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy>  Sept.  12,  1914. 


for  the  plight  of  past  and  future  generations*  Fight,  fight,  and  keep  on 
fighting. 

Galicia  as  one  man  has  marched  forward.  Galicia  will  find  thousands  of 
people  in  the  Kingdom  who  will  follow  her,  snatch  up  their  scythes,  and  cut 
down  the  ranks  of  the  enemy,  translator's  note:  During  the  Kosciusko 
Insurrection  the  peasants  had  no  arms,  so  they  sharpened  their  scythes  and 
fought  with  themjj/  Let  the  nobility  and  the  gentry  supply  the  money,  the 
peasants  will  do  the  fighting.  Vftien  they  thresh  the  enemy,  instead  of  seeds, 
they  will  thresh  out  a  free  and  independent  Poland. 

It  may  be  that  in  writing  these  words  I  am  crazy  and  that  buckets  of  cold 
water  should  be  poured  over  my  head,  but  I  write  them  in  the  terrible  excite- 
ment which  great  moments  produce  in  us. 


>  ^. 


/ 


I  G 
III  H 


-  3  - 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  Sept,   12,  1914. 


POLISH 


^Toland  is  a  great  thing" — but  even  greater  is  the  moment  when  we  shall  be 
given  freedom  and  independence. 

Therefore  I  do  not  care  about  anything  else,  if  only  I  can  share  a  bit  of  my 
enthusiasm  and  desire  with  our  brothers  over  there — if  in  writing  these  words 
I  can  offer  at  least  half  of  my  life  for  this  battle,  this  beautiful  battle. 

I  respect  the  careful  judgment  of  people  who  are  cooler  in  politics  than  I. 
I  value  their  carefulness  and  their  tendency  to  look  before  they  leap,  but 
what  am  I  to  do  when,  in  spite  of  this,  my  soul  strains  more  toward  those 
who  are  fighting  than  toward  those  who  are  waiting  for  something  or  someone! 

With  such  emotions  I  write  these  v/ords  to  my  unknown,  but  very  dear,  mass  of 
readers.  I  write  in  the  hope  that  at  least  one  soul  among  them  will  feel  my 
desire  to  bring  help  to  the  homeland  at  once. 

We  cannot  go  there  to  fight.  We  cannot  seize  arms  and,  together  with  peasants. 


X 


-^  s 


v: 


I 


I  G 

III  H 


-  4  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy>  Sept.  12,  1914. 


and  laborers,  offer  our  heads  on  the  altar  of  the  homeland.  But  at  least 
we  can  hurry  with  material  aid. 

Let  us  hurry  now,  because  our  dollar  will  lose  half  of  its  value  and  might 
lose  all  of  its  value,  if  it  comes  too  late.  We  should  then  deserve  the 
epithet  "  A  Pole  is  wise  after  the  harm  is  done." 

One  hundred  and  nineteen  years  of  serfdom  should  have  taught  us  wisdom.  So 
many  times  during  that  period  we  have  been  late.  We  have  talked  politics 
until  we  have  talked  Poland  out  of  existence.  This  time  let  us  not  pro- 
crastinate. Let  us  not  do  things  when  it  is  too  late,  when  everything  is  all 
over,  but  let  us  act  now — right  away. 

If  this  war  should  end  without  Poland *s  restoration,  it  would  then  be  too  late: 
we  would  not  be  allowed  to  seize  arms  then,  but  would  be  looked  upon  as  ilotas 
acoustomed  to  servitude. 


<<^ 


V 


I  g 

III  H 


-  5  - 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  Sept.  12,  1914. 


POLISH 


Whatever  may  happen,  it  is  our  duty  to  fight  our  enemies  at  this  time. 

As  long  as  military  preparations  were  insignificant  and  were  made  by  one-party, 
it  was  not  our  duty  to  take   sides  in  the  political  squabbles.  But  now  the 
nation  has  seized  arms,  the  idea  of  an  armed  reminder  of  Poland's  rights  has 
flashed  across  the  Polish  horizon,  and  we  are  to  appecu:  before  the  congress 
of  diplomats  not  as  begging  servants,  but  as  fighting  soldiers.  Then  let  us 
hurry  to  the  aid  of  those  who  are  fighting,  who  are  covered  with  wounds,  who 
are  dying  for  the  cause.  Any  Pole  v/ho  does  not  want  to  be  left  out  of  things 
must  co-operate  now.  He  may  not  sit  on  the  sidelines  with  his  arms  crossed, 
he  may  not  postpone  his  aid  ad  calendas  graecas.  Now  our  decision  must  be  as 
quick  as  lightening  and  as  strong  as  a  peasant's  right  hand. 

Then  let  us  shower  money.  Let  us  not  regret  the  dollars  we  give  to  the 
independence  fund,  because  out  of  this  money  as  out  of  seeds  sown  on  blood- 
drenched  soil,  the  free  and  independent  homeland  will  blossom.  ^ 

(Signed)  Grzesznik 

^e  SinnerJT" 


N 


/ 


♦ 

t 

1 

I    Or 

m 

III   r   2 

III  II 

III  G 

I  C 

POLISH    . 


Dziennik  .-.wiazkoir/ ,   oe^^t,   11,   1914. 


TIM:^  TC    Hi'TD   OT-^R  OU^iRRillLS 


(Editorial) 


I 


V/e  are  printiri:;  belov^  an  article  sent  us  by  our  regular  correspondent,  Ivlr.  S.Z.o, 

This  article  v^ouid,  from  our  point  of  view,  be  used  to  strike  at  our  opposition 
liere  and  there,  but  it  hJis  one  ^rreat  virtue:  it  presents  an  intelligent  and 
well-founded  appeal  for  contributions  to  the  independence  fund. 

Mr.  S.  obviously  has  different  convictions  from  ours,  uut  .vhen  he  writes  intelli- 
gently and  honestly  he  cun  always  count  on  a  just  evaluation  of  his  opinions 
by  people  brou^^ht  up  on  ths  idea  of  respect  for  the  convictions  of  others. 


.Ve  recommend  iVr.  3.*s  closin*  appeal  and  herev;ith  attach  the  entire  article 
without  modifications: 


I_G 
III 
III 
III 
I  C 


_   '^  — 
"■   O  •" 


POLISH 


D  2 

TT 

n 
G 


Dziennik  Zwlazkov/y ,  Se^^t.  11 ,  1914. 


'♦WhoiTi  should  v:e  join,  v;hoin  should  v;e  support,  ;vhon  should  v;e  help, 
Prussia,  Austria,  or  ^^ussia?  Or  should  we  wait  until  our  enemies  have 
given  each  other  a  thorough  thrashinf^  and  then  concentrate  our  forces  and  strike 
against  them?  Should  v;e  ^ive  money?  To  whor,  should  we  give  it?  Through  what 
channels  should  we  send  it?  i/hich  or-zanization,  which  committee  for  aiding 
Poland,  is  the  better  one  here  in  America?  These  are  the  questions  which  we 
ask  not  only  others,  but  also  ourselves,  at  the  present  ti:ne — a  time  that  is 
terrible  and  yet  so  full  of  hope  for  us. 


•*L'!ay  I  be  permitted  to  voice  my  opinion  on  this  matter,  which  will,  perhaps, 
offer  answers  to  some  of  these  questions?  Every  one  of  us  Poles  knows  that 
our  worst  enemies  are  the  Russian  and  the  Prussian.  Nevertheless,  let  us 
be  just  in  our  judgment.  Russia  took  away  from  us  the  largest  part  of  our 
land.  Russia  persecuted  us  most  in  every  respect.  Russia  caused  us  more 
bloodshed  than  any  other  country.  But  would  Austria — under  whose  rule  we 
brag  that  we  were  so  well  treated — would  Austria  have  treated  us  any  better, 


I  G 
III 
III 
III 
I  C 


-  o  - 


POLISH 


n 


Dziennik  .iv/iazkovr/,  oept.  11,  1914. 


if  we  nad  behaved  as  ^disloyally**  as  vje  did  in  Russia,  or  rather  in 
the  Polish  Kingdom?  -^fter  all,  all  of  the  revolutions  and  insurrections 
took  place  in  Russia.  The  only  attempt  inade  in.Galioia  was  unsuccessful  be- 
cause the  Hustrian  Government  used  the  raost  repulsive  means  of  putting  it 
down:  they  stirred  up  the  peasants  against  the  gentry  and  the  insurrectionists 
and  paid  in  ^old  for  uhe  he^d  of  ei^ch  ii.surrectionist.   The  Russian  [government 
has  punished  insurrectionists  but  has  done  it  by  the  right  of  the  conqueror, 
the  right  of  the  stronger.  Lloreover,  it  has  punished  not  only  Poles,  but  its 
own  Russian  people,  as  is  customary  for  every  country  to  do.   A'hen  we  compare 
our  insurrections,  our  "rebellions,"  our  stubborn  opposition  under  Russian 
rule,  and  the  punishments  meted  out  to  us  by  that  i^overnment  to  the  attempted 
insurrection  in  Galicia  and  the  butcher in;2  of  the  gentry  as  punishment  for  it, 
we  have  a  picture  oi  the  kind  of  treatment  which  would  have  been  meted  out 
to  us  in  Austria,  if  we  had  been  as  rebellious  there  as  we  have  been  in 
Russia.  Surely  many  more  of  us  »vould  have  been  put  to  death,  many  more  would 
have  hung  at  the  citadel  in  Lwow,  many  more  would  have  rotted  in  the  dungeons 


I  G 


-  4  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwlazkov/y,  Sent.  11,  1914. 


Ill  B  2 

III  H 

III  G 

I  C    within  the  walls  of  ./isnicza.  But  because  we  were  quiet,  because 

we  did  not  rebel,  and,  finally,  because  Austria  was  herself  having 
difficulties  and  wanted  to  have  peace  in  Galicia,  she  c^ive  us  autonomy  and 
a  congress.  She  save  us  a  State  Board  of  Education  too,  but  at  the  saine 
time  forbade  the  singing  of  ''God  Save  Poland'*  and  "Poland  Is  Not  Losf  in 
the  public  schools.  Every  teacher  had  to  pledge  loyalty  not  to  his  work, 
not  to  the  children  for  whose  development  he  was  responsible,  but  to  the 
Austrian  Governrrient .   {Perhaps  there  are  a  few  of  these  te-chers  here  in 
America.  They  will  tell  you  about  this,  if  you  do  not  want  to  believe  that 
it  is  so).  Austria  gave  us  greater  freedom  of  movement,  but  she  condemned 
us  to  death  by  starvation,  because  for  the  past  few  years  she  prohibited 
our  emigrating  to  America  in  search  of  bread.  All  branches  of  industry  were 
burdened  with  extraordinarily  heavy  taxes.  Roads  were  left  in  disrepair, 
communications  were  of  the  worst  sort.  A  peasant  could  not  build  himself 
a  respectable  hiuse  of  two  or  three  rooms  vvithout  being  burdened  with  taxes. 
Salt,  viiich  is  produced  in  greatest  quantities  in  the  Polish  mines  of 
.iieliczka  and  Bochenka,  is  the  property  of  the  Government,  and  recently  a 
project  was  submitted  to  Parliament  for  making  matches  a  Government  monopoly 


a 


-  5  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  Sept.  11,  1914 • 


III  B  2 

III  H 

III  G 

I  C    Crentlemen  statisticians  and  you  //ho  approve  of  an  alliance  with 

Austria,  count  the  number  of  Poles  from  G-alicia  who  are  in  -^^lerica, 
and  the  nximber  from  the  Kingdoin.   ./hen  you  ask  each  one  what  made  him  leave 
the  homeland,  you  will  learn  that  all  of  those  formerly  under  Austrian  rule 
left  because  of  huncer  and  poverty,  viiile  those  formerly  under  the  Russian 
Government  are  principally  political  refugees  or  socialists,  ^vho  in  a  majority 
of  cases  had  nothing  in  common  with  Poland. 


**Finally,iet  us  give  Austria  credit  for  only  those  favors  she  has  already 
granted  to  Lelp  raise  our  nation,   .-ler'^*  we  to  defend  lier  because  "she  was  the 
first  to  give  us  liberty"  and  because  she  finally  gave  us  Archduke  Stephen 
of  Zywiec  as  a  Polish  king,  were  v/e  ^o  form  legions  for  Austria  and  help 
her  fight  the  Russians,  still  she  could  not,  despite  her  most  sincere  in- 
tentions, lift  up  our  nation. 


''It  is  as  clear  as  tiie  hand  before  you,  when  you  consider  current  events  in 


I  g 

III  B 
III  H 
III  G 
I  C 


-  6  - 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  Se^^t.  11,  1914. 


POLISH 


Europe — not  merely  ene^riy  -oaoers — ihat  Austria  laust  fall.   If  she  is 
not  actually  divided  bet'/feen  Russia,  rTussia,  Italy,  and  Serbia,  she 
will  at  least  disintegrate  as  a  country  and  in  her  place  there  will  be  re- 
surrected a:iiong  other  nations  the  kingdoias  of  Boheinia  and  Hungary.  Half  of 
Galicia  is  already  in  the  hands  of  the  Russians  and  if  we  wait  a  little 
while  the  other  half  /.ill  fall  into  their  possession,   llien,  if  we  have  behaved 
disloyally  toward  the  Russians,  we  shall  be  persecuted  a^^ain.  iigain  v/e 
shall  be  populating  Siberia;  for  the  promises  of  the  Czar  and  the  various  mani- 
festoes will  mean  notlxinsr. 


•*The  Prussians,  if  they  are  now  helping  Austria  fight  the  Russians,  do  so  to 
save  their  ovv'n  hides.  If  at  ^resent  they  are  fighting  the  French,  Belgians, 
or  English,  that  is  not  at  all  strange:  militarism  has  been  prevalent  in 
Germany  for  the  past  forty  years.   Soldiers  there  form  the  best  trained 
fighting  mac:-ines  and  they  believe  in  the  power  of  the  Plohenzollerns.  But 
let  us  wait  just  a  little  while,   jhen  these  mechanical  German  soldiers,  vjho 
have  no  feeling  of  being  individuals,  once  ^et  whipped,  the  German  ranks  will 
disintegrate  and  the  star  of  the  Kohenzollerns  will  oale.  There  will  be  a 


I  G 
III  3  2 

III  H 


-  7  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazko^vy,  oept.  11,  1914. 


Ill 
I  C 


(> 


shortage  of  food  ani  then  there  '.vill  be  a  revolution,  as  a  result  of 
which  the  Gemian  empire  must  fall  and  vjith  it  Austria.  Today,  it  is 

true,  the  Germans  are  pov/erful,  but  good  fortune  already  is  turning  away  from 

them  and  toward  th':?  side  of  France  and  .-Russia. 

♦♦.ilhom  should  v/e  join?  Vuth  whom  should  v/e  side?  It  would  be  best  if  we 
could  stir  up  our  brotl.ers — serving  today  in  enemy  ar.nies  ani  shooting  at 
each  other  to  revolt,  to  step  out  of  the  ranks  of  our  enemies,  and  to  stand 
on  the  side  of  Poland,   iith  the  Sharpshooters,  the  Falcons  etc.,  they  could 
push  forward  into  the  center  of  the  territory  of  the  old  Reoublic,  taking  the 
Polish  land  and  cutting  down  their  enemies  before  them.  This,  however,  is 
im.possible.   Before  the  Polish  battalion  could  even  plan  a  revolt,  it  would 
be  wiped  out  to  tlie  last  raan  as  was  the  Czech  infantry  battalion  in  Prague. 
However,  this  is  not  what  we  are  concerned  about  now.   .we  know  that  the 
Russians  are  ^-Anning  victories  ez-erywhere  while  the  Austrians  and  Germans  are 
being  defeatea.   //e  also  know  that  the  majority  of  the  people  in  Poland 


.  3  m. 


•y 


I  G 
III  B 
III  H 
III  G 
I  C 


-  8  - 


POLISH- 


Dziennik  Zvaazko;vy,  oept.  11,  1S14, 


sympathize  with  ^rssla,  believing  that  nussia  will  keep  her  promise 
to  ror'onstruct  Poland,  VJe  knov/,  as  I  have  raentioned  above,  or  rather 
we  believe,  that  Austria  will  be  defeated  and  will  disintep:rate  and  that  we, 
by  the  same  token,  having  followed  .-lustria  and  helped  her,  will  be  oppressed 
again  by  victorious  Russia.  Then  why  should  v/e  go  alonr,  'vith  Austria  and  be 
slaughtered,  when  there  is  a  possibility  of  e:i:ercing  with  more  whole  heads 
if  we  declare  ourselves  for  and  stand  on  the  side  of  itussia.  'Phis  is  our 
only  hope. 


^'iie   here  in  Poland *s  Fourth  District  have  not  known  on  which  side  of  the  fence 
to  jump  since  the  outbreak  of  the  i)uropean  war.   /.'e  have  formed  all  sorts  of 
orientations.  3o:;ie  of  us  have  held  to  the  ideas  of  the  K.  0.  i-.  /Committee 
Of  Katio^nnl  Defense^/,  others  to  those  of  the  P.  U.  N.  /Polish  iCational 
Council/.   Finally  we  have  created  the  Department  of  Independence,  and  all  of 
us  have  been  waiting  for  news  fror  our  rothers  in  the  homeland,  promising 


VT 


-  9  -  POLISH 

Dziennlk  Zwiazkowy>  Sept.  11,  IS 14. 

ourselves  that  as  soon  as  soiree  news  of  a  nore  definite  nature  reached 
us,  we  should  all  end  our  quarrels  and  r.-iake  up.   Today,  this  news 
has  reached  us,  but  it  is  sad  news  because  it  tells  that  during  the  first 
moments  of  conflict  some  Poles  have  declared  themselves  for  -Austria,  others 
for  Russia.  Let  us  believe  that  only  a  small  group  of  people  have  declared 
themselves  for  Austria.  The  last  fev;  papers  bring  us  news  that  the  Polish 
people  are  demanding  a  merger  of  factions.   In  some  cities  all  of  the  parties 
and  factions  are  uniting  without  exception  and  are  calling  upon  all  other 
factions  to  join  them  in  taking  a  stand  against  Austria.   It  looks  as  though 
Russia  were  givinr  us  real  guarantees  of  Poland •s  reconstruction.  This  must 
be  true  because  our  statesmen  in  the  homeland,  who  we  raust  admit  have  better 
heads  than  ours,  have  declared  themselves  for  Russia.  Besides,  the  entire  world 
expects  Poland's  restitution  to  be  achieved  with  Russia's  help.   It  is  certain 
that  all  factions  will  unite  and  together  will  strike  our  common  enemy.  There 
is  the  hope  that  either  the  K.  0.  N.  or  the  P.  R.  N.  will  yield  or  at  least 
change  its  stand. 


\j 


Hy 


C^ 


m. 


I  G 


HI 

3 

III 

H 

III 

G 

I  c 

-  10  - 


Dziennik  Z^viazkowy,   Sept.    II,    1914. 


POLISH 


^ 


\m. 


sy 


^The  nevjs  frori  the  hoirieland  for  which  v»e  hive  been  v/aitin,;;  has  cone. 

The  call  has  c  ^me.  The  sound  of  the  Golden  Horn,  for  /Jhich  we  have 
been  waiting,  we  hear.  Then  for  what  .nd  Tor  whoir^  are  rve  waiting?  .'/e  knov/ 
that  our  brothers  in  the  h:^;:.ieland  are  fighting:  and  dying.   Tnerefore,  let  us 
collect  money  and  send  it  at  once  to  the  homeland.  Let  us  train  youn^^  men 
and  send  them  '.vherever  our  leaders  in  t.he  honelaiid  order  us.  Let  us  all  be- 
lieve in  this:  our  lives  and  our  money  will  not  be  :iven  in  vain.   If  we  can- 
not unite  all  of  our  orKanizations,  at  least  let  us  try  not  to  interfere  in 
each  other's  v;ork.  Let  us  tell  ourselves  that  all  of  these  organizations  will 
send  the  money  to  the  sime  place,  that  all  are  collecting  funds  for  the  same 
purpose,  to  bring  help  to  our  unfortunate  mother  country.   It  is  time  that  we 
end  our  quarrels — time  to  understand  that  ev^ry  good  Pole  makes  his  contribu- 
tion not  for  some  specific  organization  out  for  his  homeland." 


o 


"(Sifrned) 


Z. 


S." 


I  G 

III  B  4 
III  B  2 
III  H 
I  0 


POLISH 


Dzleonik  Zwiazkowy,  Aug.  24,  1914. 


POLISH  NATIONAL  /Jili^JTCE  /JJD  THE  SL^iVS 


As  is  generally  known  to  the  laembers  of  the  Alliance,  a  convention  of  the 
Advisory  Board  and  the  Board  of  Directors  of  the  Polish  National  Alliance 
was  held  at  the  Alliance  College  at  Cambridge  Springs,  Pennsylvania,  last 
week.  The  bodies  deliberated  over  many  important  matters,  among  them  the 
stand  which  the  P.  N.  ..•  should  take  in  regard  to  the  present  war  in  Europe. 


The  Advisory  Board  as  the  highest  body  of  our  organization,  having  the  author- 
ity to  pass  all  sorts  of  decrees  and  resolutions  during  the  interim  between 
conventions,  usually  settles  all  matters  which  the  Convention  did  not  foresee 
and  which  definitely  demand  decision.  The  last  convention  of  the  Advisory 
Board  was  necessary  because  there  were  internal  matters  to  be  settled,  which 
daaanded  the  opinion  and  approval  of  the  Advisory  Board.   It  v;as  also  necessary 
to  decide  what  stand  the  Alliance  should  take  at  so  important  a  time  as  the 
present,  when  the  fate  of  our  homeland  is  standing  in  the  balance  in  Europe 
and  the  dawn  of  liberty  begins  to  break  for  the  Polish  nation. 


■  <  ./; 


.<-' 


o  { 

V 


N 


¥■ 


I  a 


III 

T^ 

4 

III 

B 

«"\ 

^ 

III 

-^  ▼ 

n 

I   G 

-  9   - 


Dziermik  Zv;iazkov>?/,   .ai^*.    H^^    1914 • 


POL!:::! 


The  subject  of  Pol'.nd's  in::epende:i o^,  zhereiOTe^   v;as  deliberated  upon 
harnonioucl\^  iind  caLTily,  ..11  or  t  le  (.etails  v. ere.  considered  cad   the 
conseouences  which  the  present  turnoil  in  j^urope  mi'-ht  brine.  After  the  most 
careful  consiaerc-tion  of  this  :iiatter,  of  such  c^ejit  inport..ne:.  to  bll   of  us, 
the  iidvisory  Board,  approvinc  the  ..ction  of  the  Bo-irc  of  Directors  up  to  the 
present,  finally  decided  thi.t  tae  ^.lliance  shoula  oo-operate  with  the  Czechs, 
Slovaks,  Serbs,  Lioritenerrens,  and  o-^.her  Slavs,   In  other  v.ords,  the  /ilj.-.  ^nce 
is  taking  a  definite  staao  a,'*ainst  the  Gernaiis,  v;no  are  oeinr^  fou.*ht  not  only 
by  the  entire  Slavic  world  but  by  OLntr  nritions  as  v;ell. 


'This  is  a  wise  aecision.   It  woulr.  not  be  fittin--  for  us  to  t-  ke  any  oth-r  stand. 
The  IvPcisco^ite  is  our  eneny,  thourh  he  calls  hi/nself  a  sl.-.v,  but  the  German  is 
an  even  woise  ene::iy.   Ke  shoula  be  crushed,  no  .mtter  who  o.oes  the  deed.   Then, 
the  Muscovites  are  not  alone  in  fichtinr-  tne  Germ-wns,  but  are  joineo  by  alin.ost 
all  of  the  civilizeo  nr.tions,  with  the  Slavs  of  .11  Lhe  various  tribes  in  the 
first  rc^nk.  The  ioles  cannot  possitly  side  vdth  their  everlasting  enemy^   the 
Teutons,  \vhose  nsdled  fist  has  struc/.  tnam  more  than  once.  They  must  siae  with 


.0> 


-  3  - 


Dziennik  Zwlazkowy,  Aug.  24,  1914. 


POLISH 


the  Slavs,  the  Anglo-Saxons,  the  Franks,  and  other  peoples,  v/ho,  also, 
have  begun  to  feel  the  weight  of  the  German  hand  to  such  an  extent, 


that  they  have  finally  decided  to  rise  up  and  crush  it. 


Everyone  of  us  can  already  foresee  that  the  Grermans,  despite  violent  attacks  in 
the  beginning  and  drives  forward  to  the  French  border,  in  spite  of  winning  one  or 
more  battles,  nevertheless,  cannot  win  the  ^ar,  and  must  Tall,  crushed,  because 
soon  they  will  run  out  of  men,  ammunition  and  food.  Too,  they  are  threatened  by 
a  bloody  revolution  vdthin  the  country  itself. 

It  is  certain  that,  after  the  war  and  the  crushing  of  Prussianism,  the  map  of 
Europe  will  undergo  a  complete  cliange.  Surely  Poland  will  appear  on  it,  as  a 
free,  neutral  country,  patterned  after  gallant  Belgium.  This  is  the  desire  of 
both  France  and  England,  who  will  have  the  deciding  voices.  This  will  surely 
not  be  opposed  by  Czechs,  Serbs,  Bulgars,  Slovaks,  Croatians,  or  any  other  Slavs, 
when  they  see  that  we  have  gone  with  them,  hand  in  hand,  during  the  time  of 
bloody  necessity.  To  take  the  part  of  the  Grer;:ians,  our  worst  enemy,  at  a  time 


V 


y 


I) 


I  G 


-  4  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkovy,  Aug;.  24,  1914. 


Ill  B  4 
III  B  2 
III  H 

I  C     when  they  are  threatened  by  a  pogrom,  which  will  make  them  powerless 
for  many  years  to  come,  vjould  be  madness  on  our  part  and  suicide  for 
the  nation,  Under  pressure  from  England,  France,  and  the  Slavs  of  various 
tribes,  our  other  enemy,  Russia,  must  yield,  and  agree  to  the  creation  of  a  free 
Polish  country,  v;hich  will  separate  Geriiiany  from  Kussia,  and  will  know  how  to 
defend  its  neutrality,  as  Belgium  is  defending  hers  today*   (Belgium  has  given 
the  best  example  of  how  a  free  nation  defends  its  liberty.) 


The  Germans,  defeated  and  crushed,  will  not  be  able  to  oppose. the  reconstruction 
of  Poland.  Moreover,  fearing  Russians  ownership  of  Galicia  and  Jr'oznan,  they 
themselves,  in  their  own  interest,  will  be  for  the  re-creation  of  Poland,  which 
would  separate  them  from  the  Bear  of  the  North. 


This  is  more  or  less  how  the  present  situation  appears  to  us.  Hope  burns  bright- 
ly in  our  breasts.  Vie   can  gain  only  by  siding  with  the  Slavs  and  other  peoples, 
who  are  fighting  the  Germans.  This  is  the  way  those  of  our  countrymen  who  are 


I  G 


-  5  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkoiyy,  Aug.  24,  1914* 


III  B  4 

III  B  2 

III  H 

I  C      flocking  in  large  numbers  to  the  English  and  French  ranks,  understand 

our  situation.  They  are  asking  to  be  sent  against  the  Prussian,  whom  they 
desire  to  fight,  and  to  fight  fiercely,  for  the  century-old  wrongs  which  he  has 
dealt  us. 


This  is  how  the  Polish  National  Alliance  which,  through  its  representatives, 
has  declared  itself  on  the  side  of  the  Slavs,  understands  our  situation. 


I  G 
III  H 


POIISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkoxvy>  Aug.  19,  1914 


FREEDOM  13  COiaNG 


(Editorial) 

From  our  native  Polish  fields,  hamlets,  and  cities,  coraes  the  joyful  news  that 
Poland's  resurrection  is  not  far  off  and  that  she  is  pushing  aside  the  tomb- 
stone v/hich  for  Liore  than  a  hundred  years  has  been  a  barrier  to  our  freedom. 
The  moment  of  release  is  approaching,  which  all  true  sons  and  daughters  of 
unfortunate  Poland  desire  so  ardently. 


Freedom  is  comingl 

These  words  are  v/hispered  by  the  inysterious  gray  waters — so  dear  to  us — of 
the  Vistiaa,  the  Wilia,  the  Niemen,  the  Bug,  and  the  ITotecia,  and  by  the  rustling 
forests,  sad  for  so  many  years.  These  magic  words  can  be  heard  in  the  v/hisper 
of  the  vjind  and  the  song.s  of  the  birds.  These  happy  tidings  are  wafted  over 
plains  and  n^adows,  are  echoed  by  the  voices  of  the  church  bells  and  by  the 
prayers  of  our  people  assembled  in  the  temples  of  the  Lord,  where  f]?om  the 


I  G 
III  H 


-  2  - 


Dziennlk  ZxTlasko^vy,  Auc*   19,   1914. 


POLISH 


hearts  of  the  Poles,  so  lon^  oppressed,  cones  a  sigh,  quiet  but  full  of  hope, 
and  from  their  lips  the  silent  prayer:  "Grant,  Oh  Lord,  the  return  of  our 
country's  freedom," 

Freedom  is  comingl 

This  stronc  voice  has  flown  beyond  forests,  hills,  and  seas,  and  has  reached  all 
of  the  Polish  v/anderers  in  foreign  lands,  fi4.1ing  their  hearts  v/ith  hope  and 
gladness.  All  of  our  people  have  been  stirred  by  the  news  of  a  general  European 
war,  because  only  such  a  war,  though  horrible  and  bloody,  can  bring  us  release-- 
the  freedom  so  ardently  desired  by  every  one  of  us* 


Today  rivers  of  blood  are  shed  by  the  nations  fighting  each  other  for  hegemony, 
for  the  rule  of  the  world,  for  their  own  existence,  and  to  this  blood  is  added 
Polish  blood,  which  covers  our  land  of  ceaseless  battles,  incendiarism,  despair, 
hunger,  and  destitution.  I've  must  fight  imder  foreign  flags,  in  the  ranks  of 
our  enemies.  Brother  must  go  against  brother,  each  burying  his  bayonet  in  the 


-  3  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkov/y,  Aug.  19,  1914, 


other's  chest,  because  thus  we  are  commanded  by  horrible  historical  reality. 
We  must  fight  for  a  cause  foreign  and  inimical  to  us,  but  it  may  be  that,  out 
of  this  sowing  of  Polish  blood,  freedom  v;ill  blossom  for  our  country,  so  long 
and  so  barbarously  oppressed*  The  v;orld  is  advancing.  Nations  and  their 
histories  are  changing.  Those  v/ho  only  yesterday  suffered  indignities  and 
were  oppressed  can  be  honored  tomorrow,  if  they  strive  for  this  and  live  their 
o\m  lives  as  a  part  of  a  nationalistic  xvhole. 


The  past  fev;  days  have  brouglit  us  nevjs  from  the  battlefields  that  those  v/ho 
tore  us  apart  and  subjugated  us,  nov/  that  they  are  in  the  heat  of  battle,  are 
themselves  bringing  up  the  question  of  Poland  and  promising  us  freedom.  They 
see  that  they  cannot  ignore  a  nation  of  twenty-five  million,  because  this  nation, 
in  spite  of  oppression,  lives  its  own  life  througli  its  own  lite3?ature  and 
culture.  0\ir  enemies  see  that  it  is  impossible  for  them  to  make  Russians  or 
Germans  out  of  our  people,  despite  all  of  the  means  they  have  used-- even  ridicule 
Therefore,  it  is  not  their  sincere  intention  nor  their  idea  of  justice  which 
bids  them  stretch  out  their  hands  to  the  Poles,  promising  them  freedom;  it  is 


_'  I 


o 


t  'ai  U  I, 


I  G 
III  H 


-  4  - 


POLISH 


Dzlennik  Zwiazkovy,  Au^«  19,  1914, 


practical  necessity  and  our  unbov/ed  stand  which  force  them  to  do  this» 


Ours  is  the  merit,  that  we  have  preserved  our  strencth  and  courage  of  spirit; 
that  we  have  not  lost,  in  spite  of  severe  subjection  and  terrible  oppression, 
our  national  traits,  our  language,  customs,  and  traditions;  tliat  vie   have  pre- 
served irreproachable  love  for  our  country  and  loyalty  to  it,  persevering  in 
the  great  hope  that  this  unfortunate  though  unbowed  Poland  iiiust  regain  its 
freedom* 

Today  as  a  nation,  although  deprived  of  political  rights,  vie  are  greater  in 
number  and  stronger  in  spirit  than  v;e  Y;ere  before  the  partitions*  Our  enemies 
see  this,  and  for  this  reason,  in  their  moments  of  crisis,  turn  to  us,  asking 
us  at  least  to  be  loyal  to  them*  In  exchange  for  our  loyalty  they  promise  to 
give  us  our  freedom:  they  v/ant  to  rive  us  autonomy  and  to  recognize  us  as  a 
nation  v-hich  has  every  right  to  be  free. 


'J 


But  let  us  not  allow  ourselves  to  be  carried  away  by  these  promises  or  to  be- 
come  overly  enthusiastic  before  they  are  put  into  effect*  Let  the  Tsar^s 


I  G 

III  11 


-  5  - 


Dziennik  Zv/lazkowyt  Auc«  19,   1914 • 


POLISH 


promise  that  he  v/ill  free  Poland  be  drav/n  up  as  a  formal  document  and  certified 
and  guaranteed  by  such  coiintries  as  Encland  and  France  and  presented  to  us* 
Then  we  shall  believe  these  promises  because  they  will  have  boon  put  into 
action. 

We  ourselves  feel  that  v/hen  the  map  of  Europe  is  reconstructed  the  Polish  ques- 
tion will  be  taken  up  by  the  reconstructors,  v/ho  v;ill  not  be  able  to  ignore  and 
set  aside  without  consideration  such  a  mass  of  nationally  conscious  people  and 
such  a  larc©  area  of  land  as  ours. 

^Thether  they  want  to  or  not,  the  powers  will  liave  to  reconstruct  Poland  as  a 
buffer  betv/een  Germanic  and  Slavic  world:^— as  a  neutral  strip  of  land,  the 
borders  of  v/hich  neither  side  v;ould  bo  allov/ed  to  cross,  because  Poland  would 
rise  to  her  own  defense,  another  Belgium, 

Therefore,  from  one  direction  or  another  freedom  is  coming,  and  after  this  v;ar 
we  certainly  will  be  no  vjorse  off  than  we  have  been  up  to  the  present* 


I  G 
III  H 


-  6  - 


Dziennlk  Zwiazkowy^  Aug,  19,  1914 


POLISH 


As  we  listen  to  the  echoes  of  this  titanic  battle  of  nations,  v/e  should  keep 
repeating  to  ourselves,  "Poland  is  not  lost  so  long  as  we  live," 


Let  us  believe  in  the  rebirth  of  our  homeland.  Let  us  concentrate  our  power 
by  inaking  peace  among  the  factions,  stopping  mutual  attacks  and  quarrels,  and 
collecting  contributions  and  amassing  capital  for  our  national  needs.  Let  us 
work  tirelessly  to  do  all  of  these  things  for  the  new  Polish  Gioverniaent  which 
must  soon  become  a  reality''. 


I  Q 

III  H 


POLISH 


Dzlennik  Zwiazkov^,  Aug.  18,  1914. 

INDI3CHS2T  IITFORI.iSHS 

V/e  have  at  hand  a  v/hole  stack  of  clippings  from  English-language  papers  published 
in  various  cities  in  the  United  States,  in  which  we  find  detailed  or  general  dis- 
cussions of  present-day  Polish  affairs*  In  reading  the  opinions  of  the  various 
newspapers,  we  come  upon  some  very  flattering  remarks,  pleasing  to  every  Pole, 
but  colored  naturally  v;ith  American  statistics  about  our  greatness,  and  eagerness 
for  action,  v:hich  for  business  purposes  are  frequently  falsified. 


Indeed,  reading  such  flattering  remarks  about  ourselves  or  our  nation  is  much 
more  pleasant  than  reading  censure  or  ridicule,  but  it  is  a  well-knovm  fact  that 
only  a  weak  or  stupid  person  likes  flattery*  A  nation  of  such  v/orth  as  ours, 
strong  in  its  thousand-year-old  culture  and  history,  the  equal  of  which  it  v;ould 
be  difficult  to  find  among  other  nations—a  nation  constantly  growing  in  its 
political  development  and  one  whose  people  knov/  how  to  discriminate  in  their 
thinking — does  not  need  any  flattery  or  exaggerated  statistics  or  "facts,"  but 


I  G 
III  H 


-  2  - 


Dzlennlk  Zwiazkowy,  Aug.  18,  1914 • 


POLISH 


should  demand  only  a  Just  appraisal  of  itself  and  its  endeavors. 

However,  the  opposite  seems  to  be  happening*  Those  v/ho  inform  the  reporters  of 
the  English  press  tr;>^  to  outdo  each  otlier  in  supplying  false  data  and  figures. 
They  multiply  the  number  of  us  here  in  the  States  by  six,  they  exaggerate  the 
funds  collected  for  aid  to  the  homeland,  and,  what  is  v;orse,  they  outdo  them- 
selves in  describing  the  extraordinary'-  military  preparations  v;hich  we  are  making 
here  in  order  to  fi^ht  one  of  the  enemies. 

Descriptions  of  this  kind  are  a  valuable  asset  to  the  English  press  because  they 
are  in  line  vdth  their  business,  v/hich  is  to  sell  as  many  copies  of  their  papers 
as  possible*  They  increase  the  sales  of  their  papers  by  interesting  the  large 
number  of  Poles,  who,  if  they  can  even  spell  out  the  words  in  English,  will  buy 
the  particular  paper  in  which  they  find  panegj^rics  concocted  to  please  them. 

V/hat  do  we  gain  by  this? 


Let  us  remember  that  our  enemies  read  these  papers.  They  see  in  them  an  even 


I  G 
III  H 


-  3  - 


Dziennik  Zwiazkov/y,  Aug.  18,  1914 • 


POLISH 


worse  threat  than  the  English  reporter,  who  purposely  exaggerated,  wished  them  to 
see*  Vftien  the  authorities  come  in  contact  laDre  and  more  often  with  such  reports 
of  the  training  of  thousands  of  men,  when  they  hear  of  hundreds  of  thousands  of 
dollars  collected  by  us  for  a  v;ar  fund,  they  are  apt  to  prohibit  these  activities 
on  the  grounds  that  the  United  States  has  declared  her  neutrality  and  deprive  us 
of  the  only  means  we  have  of  coming  to  the  aid  of  our  homeland. 

If  we  should  be  careful  not  to  publish  exaggerations  of  fact,  we  should  be  even 
more  careful  not  to  give  out  incorrect  and  often  harmful  information.  In  one 
of  the  Snglish-langxxage  papers  from  Youngstov/n,  Ohio,  we  find  an  interview  of 
one  Porembski  with  a  nev;s  reporter,  in  which  this  countryman  of  ours — obviously 
very  poorly  informed  in  national  matters — asserts  that  the  Poles  do  not  want 
and  will  not  fight  for  their  independence. 


Tliis  gentleman  asserts  that  only  ten  per  cent  of  the  Poles  in  the  United  States 
want  the  reconstruction  of  an  independent  Poland  and  the  rest  want  only  to  be 
freed  from  oppression  by  the  nations  v/hich  annexed  Poland. 


I  g 

III  H 


-  4  - 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy>  Aug.  18,  1914, 


POLISH 


\Vhere  Porembski  read  this,  v/ho  told  it  to  him,  it  is  difficult  for  us  to  imagine, 
but  we  wish  to  emphasize  here,  that  it  would  have  been  much  better  if  Ur. 
Porembski  had  stuck  to  his  own  business  and  that  the  world  had  never  heard  of 
him.  The  ability  to  make  money  in  the  United  States  does  not  give  the  various 
Porembskis  the  right  to  voice  opinions  on  national  matters  in  general,  about 
which  these  gentlemen  do  not  have  the  slightest  notion.  The  Porembskis  do  not 
have  the  right  to  come  out  with  nonsense  which  might  make  a  laugliing  stock  of 
us  and  of  the  entire  Polish  cause. 


Our  v;hole  nation,  llr.  Porembski,  demands  and  desires  to  fight  for  its  independ- 
ence, v/ith  the  exception  of  one  fir.  Porembski  of  Yoimgstown,  Ohio.  V/e  do  not 
know  who  empowered  Kr.  Porembski  to  express  his  opinion  in  the  name  of  the 
Polish  National  i\lliance.  We  do  know,  however,  that  the  Alliance  does  not  need 
any  interpreters  and  when  the  time  comes — and  tiiis  will  happen  before  the  week 
is  up— it  will  take  the  necessary  steps  not  only  to  announce  its  stand,  but 
also  to  parry  the  blows  of  the  various  Fatherlands  and  other  Slav-eating 
publications  in  America. 


I   G 

III  11 


5 


Dt, i cnn i ■ :    '.'•.' ia r.] :p\ r ' ,   ..ur.   1'",  1014. 


i^m.'?)    MJ3L. 


^1 


•-^n  ■  -1  -nT^  1 7"! 


-r>      .-,. 


imim'  :.:   oi    gO:  i::   :>oro  oi    an  u^T'risin 


In  anoti.er  Txiper  --c  find   a  noti 
in  loland,  -.-hicli  t/^e  auti.or  i:^;.  :inG.l  cftor  1  cariii"  t:.:~t   Goveral  clivicionc  o?. 
Ghar[:)nhootorr;  hud  entero:'.  t'.o  l:in.:do:i.      I  norin  -  t:  :•  f-.ct,   ta-^t   -u'lC   ^roG^nt  t:; 
or   Ghar:'G::oot  .r  uiviGionG   in     -uro  nonGenGO,    :;inc''3   ov^rr'ono   caT-ablo   of  'jonrin^ 


t'.3     r'  "  in  .  jiGtria— 0G";GCiuiJ/*  "^oiin  :  nsn  ovor 


11 


0 


i^hteon,   -.Ij^e^dy  trained — v;c  •.:iz\\  on'.y  to  drr.::  -"our  •"/:.tention  to  tlic  ic:ct  t]iMt 
the  spreading:  of  ^'Uestionablo  rviiorr.  ":-  indiGcroot   inrorinorG  oiil.'  GT^oilG  our 
froedoiTi  of  ■.  orhin^:  end  tliirfcin   • 


Thorefore,    it    iG  '.i  •]!  tiiio  to  a^^pcl  to  :-.ll   i.ifor:i-.3r3 ,    both    h.c  nocoGG-ir;;  end  t]v" 
unnoceGGary  :\nd  inuiGcroot,   to  doco..c  .  c-r  ;   circuiiG;;GCt  no  ■  -.hout  voicin"  non- 
GonGicel  fuctG,     fivip  Ghould     -3  ::indrul  od   td  .  \;ordG   ''vorh::  vol:-:it,    Gcripta 
ix.nont,'^  ■  j:ic'.  no- n  td'it  pou  can  tald  ell  pou  ennt   to,    ..ait   td:.o  \  liat    is  ^  ritton 
rc^ninG   ;.nd   cannot  bo  oraGod  l.g   •■uiclzl"'. 


*■■—-*""  ^-iteJ^-c^ - — .ij.j3rr.-.,^  >i»Mw>B--i  -ilfiv      .»»-.•-*■-» 


■'-^'"••t         r-*"^— "T^t^   ■       "*——•-      •-"--;,-? -|  T- ^ -'-»  *"■■»-:   ^■..  ^.  _ 


'«iJ-»"'..^-j| 


I  g 

III   H 


PCLI3I' 


Dziennik  Zvriiazkowy,   Aup*    14,    1914. 


:o5Cc:':p::iizs 


(T^ditorial) 


I,:ay  God  not  reproach  us  for  this,  but  Poles  were  born  r)oliticians.  VJere 
ever'/  Pole  allov/ed  to  rovern  according  to  his  ideas,  and  to  fabricate  his 
own  political  theories,  v/e  would  have  at  least  twenty-five  nilljcn  govern- 
ments  and  twenty-five  million  systems  of  p:overnirient ,  with  as  many  countries, 
monarchies,  and  republics. 

Every  Pole  is  capable  of  compoundinp  his  own  individual  nlan  for  the  redemp- 
tion of  the  homeland,  and  every  editor  is  car^nble  of  at  least  tv/elve  such 
nlans.  der^endinr  on  the  month  in  which  the  idea  of  conjurinr  political  com- 
binations  cor.es  to  him. 

This  is  no  lonf^er  a  fault  but  a  curse  that  hovers  over  our  community. 


"S 


♦src  — r«j>«!errr-'rsaL?«:  •  j^^sasrc^t 


<^-^l^  s 


I      Cr 


-      2      - 


PCLTS^r 


Dzlennik  ZvJiazkovA'-,  Anr„    14,  1914. 


t  tines  so  terribly  important  f\r.   the  prenent,  at  tines  of  c-r^eneral  nental 
concentration,  every  now  and  then  some  *^vise'*  nan  appears  on  the  scene,  v;ho, 
having  /-grabbed  the  political  spoon,  stirs  up  the  vat  of  national  harmony  and 
unity. 


shining  exannle  of  this  sort  of  political  stirrinp  up,  brourht  actually^to 
the  point  of  insolence,  is  the  fact  tiat  the  Poles  vhr>  wish  the  Germans'  de- 
feat are  called  rosco'Ap^hiles. 

Let  us  ignore  the  fact  that  the  I'russian  and  '"uscovite  are  made  up  of  the 
saiae  clay,  only  painted  r.   different  color;  let  us  iprnore  the  historical  fact 
that  the  T'uscovite  kills  the  Polish  body  and  the  Prussian  the  Polish  soul; 
in  a  word,  let  us  imore  all  leanings  to  one  or  trie  other  side,  because,  first, 
we  do  not  have  any  leanings  and,  second,  a  dispute  of  this  sort  is  utterly 
worthless.  But  we  do  want  to  consider  coldly  the  accusation  of  -'oscowphilps. 


■  > 


Since  this  accusation  can  also  be  a^^r^lied  to  us,  becauf»e  we  desire  the  destruction 


>  j^.tt ;—-.:-  '^iimmtttK.^ ,:aML^;z:Hau>S'«r*<4f'<«K^^£:.4^*£:  .-ihJK>«*^ 


i'iL_J., 


W 


I  Cx 

111  :i 


'^ 


PO-^JS}^ 


^ziernlk  Zwiazkov.y ,  Aur.  14 ,  191 4  . 


of  the  Gerrions  v;ith  all  our  heart  and  r^oul,  x;e  nust  look  at  it  under  the 
prisn  of  the  present  political  situation  and  ordinary  common  sense. 

V/hat  do  politics  tell  us?  This,  that  in  this  var  tv;o  worlds  will  be  opposed: 
the  Slavic  and  the  '^remanic,  or  the  world  of  the  always  oppressed  against 
the  v/orld  of  the  always  oppress inf^. 

Let  us  forget  that  the  I.'uscovites  are  also  Slavs,  a}d  jet  us  ask  ourselves 
who  should  be  closer  to  us  loles,  us  Slavs:  a  Slav  or  a  German.  V/ho  should 
be  closer  to  us — the  descendants  of  those  v^ho  foup^ht  under  the  flag  of  Ja{;^iello 
or  Vvltold  or  the  descendents  of  the  Grand  I^asters  and  leaders  of  the  Teutonic 
Knights  of  the  Cross? 

/in  uneducated  peasant  would  ansv;er  this:   Certainly,  the  '-"lav  is  closer, 

thou^^h  the  czar  is  a  devil.  But  this  one  or  that  under  the  si/rn  of  Don  "uixcte, 

this  or  that  rentlenan  editor  of  daily  lies,  f^ossip,  and  false  accusations. 


c- 


rM»«t.r-.-r^?iR-»«t  r '-«»■-..•>.  J  — j.—-^. 


•t   ^^ 


ii; 


1    ^ 


-   4   - 


"^zl  enn  i k  l>;i a7>:ov/v . 


■ji/-' 


.4 


1914 


will  execute  a  deev   bov;  before  tlie  ^lerraan  bruiser  and  ill  wish  .nil  the 
Frenchmen,  Belfrians,  3erbs,  and  .^ussian^  eternal  annjhilation. 

V/e  have  the  sane  answer  to  thi-  auertion  as  our  "neasant  has,  because  we  see 
in  the  defeat  of  the  ^^ernans  the  aefe.'^t  of  our  everlasting  oppressors,  the 
defeat  of  raonarchisn  and,  by  the  sane  token,  the  defeat  of  "Russian  czarism, 
which,  althoU;'^h  it  will  enor^-e  victorious  from  the  war  with  the  Germans,  will 
be  weakened  and  will  pave  the  way  tov;ard  revolutioni 

All  sorts  of  would-be  ■r:)oliti clans  can  call  this  by  the  name  of  ""oscov/rihilism" 
or  sonethinp^  even  v^orse,  but  it  will  not  in  the  least  turn  us  towards  f^ie  side 
of  the  Germans,  the  worst  and  tiie  most  danrerous  enemiles  of  the  Polish  nairie. 


It  seem.s  that  those  who  in  the  years  of  19^5  and  1906  took  part  in  the  revolu- 
tion ':^f  the  h'in^'^dom.  of  Poland  and  faced  death  for  the  Polish  as  vjell  as  the 
Paissisn  masses  are  most  ;^'rone  to  use  the  name  of  I'oscovvphjle, 


'"S:^ — -.3K»s»-£r " .  '^jc  ■? 


I  Cr 

III  H 


-  5  - 


Dziennik  ZwiazkovAr,  Au^.  14,  1914. 


POLI'-^ 


Truly,  they  have  a  short  memory,  or  else  the  American  sky  has  dimmed  their 
pov/er  of  reasoning- • 

YJhat  rip;ht  have  they  and  their  imitators  to  call  those  who  vdsh  the  TMssian 
masses  victory  !!oscowphiles,  ^^en  they  themselves  fourht  for  the  ben'efit  of 
these  same  inasses. 

The  present  is  not  concerned  v/ith  the  czar.  'Ve  do  not  v.lsh  the  czar  victorr^ 
but  we  vjish  victory  to  the  Russian  people,  who,  just  as  we,  are  threatened  by 
the  German  hydra. 


U 


Since  fate  has  ordained  that  we  have  mutual  interests  with  the  T^ussian  muzhiks 
/peasants/,  then  let  us  not  condemn  those  v/ho  v/ish  these  interests  success, 
v/ho  wish  the  Germans  annihilation. 

The  present  war  is  beinf^  conducted  by  the  Germans  af^ainst  the  rest  of  the 


.  \ 


/ 


■  •■■*■■■  ■ 


w^ 


I  a 


Jw  J.  Jl        i  1 


-   6   - 


Dziennik  Zwiazko\vy,   Aur?.    14,    1914. 


POLin^ 


European  countries.   In  their  blindness  they  ore  even  apt  to  call  out  the 
pov/ers  of  !Iars  to  do  bloody  battle. 

If  Russia  wins,  then  the  division  of  the  conquered  territory  v/ill  not  depend 
solely  on  her,  but  on  "^Inplar-d,  ^rance,  Italy,  and  all  the  allied  countries, 
and  so  Russia  v;ill  be  under  control. 

If,  on  the  other  hand,  the  Germans  v;in,  no  one  v/ill  control  ther.i.  They  them- 
selves v;ill  dictate  the  conditions  which  their  0-erinan  audacitv  and  furv 
dictate  to  them. 

Then  these  considerations  also  speak  for  our  wishin.^  the  Slavs  victory  in  this 
war. 

The  Poles,  as  the  nation  having  the  highest  culture  amonr  the  .'llavs,  will  not 
perish  in  the  black,  dark  sea,  but  or^.   the  contrary,  will  stand  in  evidence. 


i 


TT 


1 1 


-    7    - 


.;zler:ri^'    "j-vinz'^ovr^^,    ^^vU:-.    14,    1014 


PrLI 


JsA   nfter  all,    v/ho  v/jll   ^^rever.t  ur.   Tro^   tnVjn/^  uy;   ?irn?   Mrnln^t  v;ea^'  ^unsi?^, 
bov/ed  by  t'^.e   terrible  v.^^r,    vihen   Piizer  the  v/ar,    the  tine   ^"or  revolution    .nnd 
<50Clo-natior:c?l   dir^turbnnco.'^   noiies? 


*','e  -^er.^onnll^^  l-elieve  thr:t  af  t  ?r  the  "^rer'^nnn: 
throur'^  dirlonatic  /.eans  r^s  n  rieutral  ^ount: 
frori  the  T^usnian. 


^.   n^e  crur-hed  Poland  v/ill  arine 
''v,    dividin-    t^ie  ^jevjisn   f^  pa  ere 


hlio   of  you  would  not   a^-ree  to   thir.*?      lerhaps   only  he  vjho   stirj^  u"n  the  v;aters 
for  his   own  ner^onal    ^nino,   v'ho   looks    for  blao>   on  v:hite,   v:h^-   ir^    the   ene^y 
of  ha"»^non^^  and    sinrlener.s   of  rurnop.e. 


Continue  to  cnl  1   the  enenler   ♦^•f  ^ernanisri  "oseov.n^hj  ler, .    e^^^rn   the  h-^norable 
title  of   ^^err.ia.no^'hile,    but   do  not  disturb   the  waterr^,   because  nov,^  v;e  need 
harnony,    because  nov;  v;e  need  m^ne''^  f'^r   the  future  battle,    the    future  firht 
of   the  unfortunate  nation  with  nostwar  hun'^^er  and   novertv. 


Dziennik  Zwlazkowy^  Auf,.  13,   1914. 

APPEAL  TO  ALL  IIJE  DIVISIONS  AI.^D  BRnlJCIISS  OF  THE 
ALLIANCE  OF  POLISH  MILITARY  SOCIETIES  m  AHIERICA 


POLISH 


Dear  Colleagues:  A  terrible  moment  has  come  upon  all  of  Europe.  Our  entire 
unfortunate  country  is  covered  with  the  blood  of  the  soldiers  of  our 
oppressors,  and  perhaps  already  thousands  of  our  brothers  have  fallen — not 
only  those  who  were  called  to  the  colors  of  our  oppressors,  but  also  innocent 
and  defenseless  children,  old  people  and  women. 

How  much  blood  and  destruction  from  the  hail  of  enemy  bullets  has  already 
fallen  upon  the  soil  of  our  poor  and  unfortunate  homeland I  Our  entire 
coxintry  has  now  become  the  prey  of  our  bloodthirsty  oppressors,  who  burn 
and  destroy  the  entire  property  of  our  fathers,  brothers,  kinsmen,  and 
friends.  How  many  widows  and  orphans  are  there  already  suffering  poverty 
and  hunger,  perhaps  without  a  roof  over  their  heads,  sent  about  from  place 
to  place,  seekinf^  shelter  before  the  oncoming  enemy  in  order  to  save  their 
lives! 


Tm'    w 


-.S^Zg.'.  . 


T  T  T  O 

a.  J.  _ 

111    V 


4-> 


/   i  ''"'^'  .^.  1  '■ 


1*."K()' 


-1] 


"-,  T    f 


f  ■.->'» 


:*1'  lo  "■^erloi   O''    'ovHrt"   •  tid  h'j'i^;er   i^i   o;ci:Ooa 


'O   '  -r«f 


.-^  •       -vt . 


:.j_..;-^      ^hM   V(;j'M^r    o:'   ":\(^  t)Oc'^  or-»'^]rns   :-nd 


Cx 


j.i:'i 


to   the   :.eiy>  or   "oiii-    ;o:'r  \.'^:o/x\.:\   t 
"t b ^:'    CI*"''' c  1 '  1    '  ori'. ■  nt/ 3    o i '   2"?  -^i '  r* p'' k*  1 1  '■;'■''; 


i:iO^; '.oi^l'  nd ,    -'^'ic-    is   r'O-.;     -oi!.-'   trrou 


^•i-  ;  •'^-' 


1    • 


;.e:-^^    ter-r^illo    ci:.GS    x'ro^'; 


I 


v/aic!;    ..e    -..r^^'    ;ic.     .jt-.'-v^-^ 


'.ri 


•^  1  "^ 


.  t 


V, 


'Onoi  :iA. ,    1 


i  .  J 


"  ( 


C>      M)''  .'•' 


c   "u\.   1  r 


^:\'^   iviA'   Ox   i'O]':!!^,    CuP  oriicii'i-;:i(i 


n-..  o   01 


1  , 


livin  ■   Vi  i-ovrr    -,,x::o    t'::r:n:.i.^ 


n 


collect   oi>i*      OT  biorr    i.:   G:-:e 


i    O  i  .  i 


■■'^c-'"  ::]ii'orti;n   t^     ;i^^cvo   mi-    g.:*'.:l'  iis   -.lio   -re 
",;,e::.      I.G'-   v::    -.eli)   '.t*    orotLurr^.      lei:   ug 

Mr:  v/idov:'s  riite 


ve   "i  ..*or:; 


'. . .  ■  <.j  [ 


o 


Igci    •  'i'"^    u^;3T.2;\;ct  J  i  ;■;.      I 


.  u 


on  the    ilt'  r  0:*  o^i^  1  o^'^^-'I '.nu  • 

rer-in   ci;t:^j'iG   cvy  ov-"  ^'Az-zIkmi^     .'?/:      ■::'■: 

voice   01'   o\:r   ro'ol-  n  . ,    ~o=-et:.oi-    •  1\?\   u:~. 


■.o 


i.GC    I'S 


\oc 


■"*t  ^    o 


I 


11± 


11  ::   :^':' 


III  :• 


:.-:o 


1. . 


'  O  "'': 


I  Ci 


i  v^  1.  i. 


1  r,  T  /I 


'pvcr*  t  !:^M 


- -.  1  r,  c  <--  re  i  n t  e  i  -est 


ith 


intern- -tion'.l  or  t^ 

Tolish  c-i:?e,  is  m  s'lcred  ...... 

Poland. 


f  .•  •  ir-»T1 


■c!:;t  t-^-n  renor:  1  c-iuse,  th^ 


ne.  i*or  ltcv 


CO.  Mre  tne  criildren  Oi'  one  .^icther — 


''e  hnve  nroved  mnny  ti:  es  before  that  tne   .illi-'uce  of  }  oiish  Military  Societies 
does  net  belonr  to  --inv  narty,  "  ut  is  concerned  only  v/ith  military  and  purely 
patriotic  matters  relntinf*  to  Pol-ind,  as  v/ell  as  to  the  country  in  v/hich  v;e 
live.   For  th.ut  reason,  colleagues,  it  is  our  sacred  duty,  as  soldiers,  to  be 
the  first  to  '--ms/zer  the  call,  in  order  to  deiriOnstrate  that  we  are  not  only 
good  for  parades  and  display  but  that  v/e  are  capable  of  serving  the  sacred 
cause. 


Therefore,  we  are  sure  that  we  shall  not  find  within  our  ranks  a  single  man 
who  v;ould  drav;  aside  from  a  cause  of  such  grave  irnportance  as  the  cause  of 
the  homeland.  V/e  need  an  array  and  v/e  need  money. 


I  ''; 


J'LL. 


«  ± 


:  I)  10 


T 


1  1 


)    '.  T  •  .  >•; 


;iO', 


1  •     '' 


^>'^-  .> 


X  X  L 


>)eo^   o::t-.bj  1  '^he  ■; 


Q'  X.Z^'     Ci*    }-0l 


o    i']C.O!;eria 


-in  r^ri 


.iou'  ]     .jH-T'C^.      Thir-    ivv:^:i    -.Hi 


be  iin^ler  tho   control    c:    ■^p.vt   ort::*:  ^^'..ct)]/),    v^   v^c.  tr'?   l-o'' i  ?:h   roiu^aniitv   2- .Vl 


h-'Ve   '■  bf^cliita    ^M^riViaeiK'H  ^    ;."'0  'i^  ■    t;-:t    L':o   roricy    it    o- I'-^rr^   on   t;^e   -^It'^r   oi* 
the   Moriol  .ni  \'il].   not   hi)   v.":   ten    cr  •  ii3':'^;Tn-o';->ri'  to  :    j'o^  nnr-^cnos   oi'   T-c-rty 
"^clioicn.      >or  trus   rc-tsn>-i    -m   -^c-;^   ■•  q-jj    ■■i;i..'i^'   lo   for'-:'  rd     .11   ec-ntj-ioutiomi   to 
the  +"'0-  ^^^rer   o;'   the  y^r.]i-h   '  nticn"!     -lAJ.-nic:,    v;hc      111    nop'vnrn   thf^ri:  to   the 
■^rcD'-p  "T^l'^oe   nn-'i   ''ill     '  o":r'cnle''^'e    i'':^'":   t^.TCU-l'    nhn   ^^^i>-^ern. 


^ o  1 1. e '.I ' "u e .e  I      In  v i e v  o 


-">        4~ 


f'  nt   th''t   th-?  1  niteci    Jt-.teJ^.    h 


!  •  J 


ounceci    its 


neutT'^  ]  it-^,   ■"   c''i:':'.ot   tjn'^"  o:*   le*  vir]"    ror     :iiro^-e   to  defenl    on^r  threntened 

honel'':rid.      y-m-A^^'^-^:  y    vro   ni.st   '■^'"^it    in   Oi*'.'iei'  to   strirze   our  've-  n^^nc;    oneiiiies 

nt    Iho   "  n""^noT)ri   to  nioment.      '  e   dnre   not  meet    tnor.  too   noon,    lest   /re    bury   the 


c-u;se   of   the   hor-iol' n^'    yon   f-entunies. 


■>■» 


^4-  1 


otiier:-:      jot-   us 


"^  '">"r     TIC-"'     '  •  1 


'^s    be   re-niv,    or- 


c-'use  "ve   lo   r^ot   nno'n  the   d-^^'-   on   tho   ^iour  nd;en   zY.^     .unle   nill   c  11  wc-    to   bottle. 
let   us   coll^'Ct   ■■    ]'\;nd    --nd    -n   \  rrn-    oonoro   it    i^'    too   1  :te. 


o 


III   :- 

II  J  10 

III  II 
IV 


r; 


')v'iHrir:i.:     ';  'i'z':':/. 


PCLIr.] 


r^ 


ollo'.r'i-es,    there   ^r^^   ^>e(;'"l''   over  t^i'^e     to    .c   "^lot 
"itch   •  r:'    I'ollo  "   ry  re;*ij]l"   •  II   I'-'tter--   rel-  :,iri''   ;.c 


-  re 


ivy    '„■ 


-".r^-"-*'- 


1  ote'l 


C) 


c'/.r*   ±iv:'C   i  or 


?itu'  tier.      2  f  '"^ 

the    r' O!^ '-' 1  n r 0      t^-en   "l'"'t   i^/-"*    .*iv»'   cp:'^   V  ''t   e'^rt    I'or   .""'•ri.'" 

Thp  '•'\'''0"'~    ^-ri''    or'n^'"  rr:   l^'-rt    '"    cv:"    r^ot;,ers   "  :  o   f^^ll   or   tlie   b--ttle:'iel':l 


rr 


::leer   bit    .ho 

^:.e    'it^^i^^ert 
tr i:    i'r'';edoK:  of 
'j^urition,    I'cr 


■f'l"'htinr   in    ••  }'.e    o^'^«o.i'itc   r*  ^>:r 


b    oerh*  r'^^    .  ro^^   th^.    iiillet^   c:'   "oheir  o   r  brother^^: 


The    Illlvroe   of  '^•oli    h   •  i]it'.r;^   ■'oelo'  ier   n-Ov:    .iOt     •  .r.e   •■i\y   e/xor^-'ive 
■^re-v'T— tions   or  'levi'-e   riC-tbo^"^^   to  'r:''e.,>)lp     :i vi.'ion^^   c-      ]:nn   '^'\-'-    ^uz   then 
t^  rc.T'h   their  "^i  eoi-   e'.e^'   ^n'i  ••ver'^  "'^ee--: ;    :'o^   in   c^r  r'-n-^s   -'TQ  n^ri      ho  ere 
f-'f  ili'  r     -ith    '  .r-v/   t'-eticr*,    ■'^•..   e^'.o/vt    ev"r/   oee    ot   \r-:   h-:e    5::'^^rv-^a    in   some 
'hv^'o-^^een     .r:';;'.       I'^ieref ure ,    ^,^i±l   rrieeuv*-rs   onee   •■    ye\r  'ire   sui'1'ieiG.nt   for  13 


i^ro"^ 


'h 


'/e  be:.:r,  thef-e  lonr^  crille  in  the  ri(jlee  •"  n:)  ■•^-.rrcs,  es  v;ell  ee  the 


conetTit  perchee  -/ith  '.rr.i:"  elon:*  the  :?.tre^^t,  h '.ve  1^6    tne  ^-OYernrnentR  of 
soverel  ^tetes  to  -^^rohibit  not  ui.lv  c:.e  ca-rviu.-  oi*  runs  on  the  streets 


c; 


III 

^ 

II 

:) 

10 

TIT 

■» 

^ 

17 

u 


r>:nennik:  -V'^i-:zk:o:.'y,     - ^ \  • .    1  •  ^ ,    1  '2 \ '-  . 


but   ';I.ro   t^o    :.ol  iinr  or 


1  Li.i-^i 


.:07"t   of    l*i^il^    'irilis    vit:' 


w.-  1  c 


'"llo"*^   :;inself  to   b-^   v-ers;;-  dec    -.'y   ;.,cre  ]•::■  r*  c;.    t',;   -■•■  r^icip-it-;    in  rmy    .lind 

of  robi  J  i"''-t1on — the   riina   oj'  r:o:.illz-.  LJoi'x,    :\;:-   i;;:-t-  ..c^. ,    wi.i^r:  ;.-s   Htteii/ote  ; 


'.       v.  r    .  /"I  ,   1 


;  .  ,0 


e:juire   c*,u^ 


by   the   not^.ri:.!"::   '^^^Ir  "i,    '^boiie    ::t\K^i;i '.y   .  .i 
h'-i'l   not    SH'-^f^ible   ^'oc-^'le   cllod    ••:    ^ -.It   by    'ullicl;-   ■/•  J^  i;!-"'   ev::ryo!.^;.      Let  us 
Aoe^:-   cool    -.n-.;    'i.."it     .be    cor:':;  wx    or    ::cn:'i'l':    -i^iL^'l::^ — tbo    CC;;i:i*.rid    01*   zhe 
l-olisb    y-  tion.l     .lli-.nr*'.: 

C  T  f»  o  r>  7-  r ,  >^  c"       r-  •         *    •-•     ,       .  -  /  -.       T    ■    I ' 


:icb 


lori^-.       .:er^6:-bor   tb\t    t:  e    bo;-;rci   of 


tion 


I'Mice 


not    :;loeoiiic;   uut   'ire  v;'jtci:iny 


ever^t:^   c-.refull^'   in   order  to   ":::cvj  v.hon  to    .c*t  viLboi^t   burtin"   tbc   .  ood   c-":"use. 


Tbc   bo'.rc    01'   ■lir^ctor:^'   of   tiiO  lo]i:-b 
tlie  br^nohes   01'  tiie  .-lli-.nco   to   •.   lo 


let   US    :'0   ':bo\.d  v/itl:   •     :;lo" 


..  :Lio:'.-.l     Jli  .ncc   >::•¥'■   licvor  exposed 
c.      bhry;   b  lVo   ^dv;*  ys  been  and  always  will 
tt'yr-r   o:'   --on  ir  1    intercot.      Jolle':.;;i:3S , 
'd   ev;?n   tro-.d.    ■.:  i   v/o    ;b::.Lll  r^'jt   f-jntner. 


T      (y 


III 

^.         ,, 

TI   ■ 

:)  10 

TIT 

I' 

T-rr 

JL    .' 

-    7    - 


'^):\i't^''V:    '-..'r.rko"..", 


I    .1  .  -    • 


-,^"r  t 


'^, '»■;''•♦''     r»  r-"  '■  >->  h 


1 1  • 


?CL.   ;T 


the   c   i^-^e    oj'   ]  i"^.- r-:  0. .. 


(:i:"'-  ho:/-l  •.?! 


or.' 


SO  th't,    ii'   T*e"iir^';,    ".''~    r' ;y 


•>      "r  ■»<■!• 


^    O^"'-'  "'■.'''' 


•  ^ 


ir-iZ    :\o. 


y-  r-  <^'  ' 


:  oz 


r  f       -v^ 


.  4. 


!   T  Tff 


-f"*  r^^j  .-> 


nderendent 


j"^;'-  ccr'.ti'. 


^  r^ 


r(.r.:i 


'  ^  ■-  ■  •_'  X  v>t  ■ .  .  i.  o  • 


I  G 

II  D  10 

III  B  2 
III  H 
IV 


POLISH 


Dzlennik  Zwiazkol^y,  .lUg.  10,  1914. 


Id^NIf'JS'iATION  iiT  PUI^iSKI  PARK 


Although  the  weather  inan  did  not  seem  to  favor  yesterday* s  picnic,  arranged 
for  the  benefit  of  the  Library  of  the  Polish  National  iilliance,  nevertheless 
more  than  a  thousand  people  gathered  to  participate  in  this  annual  social 
gathering,  which  this  year  reached  the  proportions  of  a  national  demonstration. 

At  the  entrance  to  the  park  notices  were  posted  with  the  inscription,  '^No  dancing 
in  this  park  today".  These  notices,  signed  by  the  Arrangement  Committee,  were 
received  with  surprise,  the  more  so  since  there  was  dancing  at  Kosciusko  Park 
across  the  way.  Here  and  there  the  people,  gave  audible  expression  to  this  sur- 
prise, until  at  last  the  speakers  explained  the  reason  for  this  stand  on  the  j^art 
of  the  Committee. 


n3 

7^ 


r--j 


CD' 


At  five  o'clock,  Michael  Kmieciak,  chairman  of  the  Library  Department  and  director 
of  the  Alliance,  addressed  a  few  words  to  the  people  thanking  them  for  attending 
the  picnic  and  for  contributing  to  the  fund  of  the  Library  of  the  Polish  National 


I  G 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwlazkowy,  Aug*  10,  1914 • 


II  D  10 

III  B  2 

III  H 

IV  Alliance.  His  speech  over,  Mr*  Kraieciak  introduced  John  F#  Sinulski 
as  the  next  speaker •  Mr.  Sinulski  spoke  tersely  and,  as  always,  well* 

At  the  outset  he  emphasided  the  fact  that  the  present  situation  in  Exirope  is 
too  important,  so  far  as  Poland  is  concerned,  for  the  Poles  not  to  be  inter- 
ested in  it.  "Polish  Emigration,"  said  Mr.  Sinulski,  "may  not  not/  stand  about 
with  folded  arias.  He  who  wDuld  not  at  this  time  do  everything  in  his  power 
to  help  his  native  land,  would  not  only  be  a  disloyal  but  also  a  degenerate 
son  of  his  mother  country." 


IVhile  Mr.  Smulski  delivered  his  address,  several  women  took  up  a  collection 
that  yielded  forty-eie^ht  dollars.  After  Snailski  got  through  speaking,  a 
medley  of  Polish  songs  was  sung,  followed  by  an  intermission. 


"'O 


The  culminatiA;;:;  point  of  the  gathering  was  the  address  of  wir.  C.  Sychlinski, 
president  of  the  Polish  National  Alliance,  who  spoke  to  the  point  but  probably 
better  than  ever  before.   "Zychlinski , "  said  those  who  have  knov/n  him  for  many 
years,  "was  quite  eloquent  at  the  time  and  spoke  with  greater  enthusiasm  and 
conviction  than  ever  before." 


I  G  -  3  -  POLISH 

II  D  10 

III  B  2  Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  AUg.  10,  1914* 
III  H 

rv    "Dear  Compatriots I  Sisters  and  Brothers  in  the  Alliancel"  began  the 
honorable  speaker.  ''Many  of  you  are  no  doubt  surprised  that  there 
is  no  dancing  tod^y  in  this  park  for  the  duration  of  the  picnic  for  the  Li- 
brary of  the  Polish  National  Alliance,  because  you  have  been  attending  these 
picnics  for  many  years  and  know  that  there  was  always  dancing.  Nevertheless, 
today  we  are  not  going  to  dance,  because  while  our  brothers  in  Poland  are 
dying  from  the  sword  and  from  starvation,  when  their  cannons  are  playing 
funeral  music  for  women  and  jhildren,  it  is  not  fitting  for  us  to  dance.  IVhat 
is  more,  it  is  not  fitting  for  us  to  be  present  where  there  is  dancing.  One 
Mother  gave  us  birth.  VJe  are  the  children  of  one  Polish  Mother  oppressed  by 
chains,  and  we  cannot,  while  those  over  there  offer  their  blood  and  their  lives 
to  the  moloch  of  war,  enjoy  ourselves  as  though  we  were  indifferent  to  this. 
Because  we  are  deeply  cogni2sant  of  this  important  unusual  moment,  to  which  v.e 
have  looked  forward  for  centuries,  in  wfcich  Poland's  invaders,  rapacious  vul- 
tures which,  having  torn  our  Mother  Poland  apart,  and  having  divided  her  soil 
among  themselves,  have  entered  battle  and  have  begun  to  murder  each  other •  This 
is  the  mo.nent  foretold  by  Poland's  poet-prophets.  This  is  the  moment  about  which 
Wispianski,  in  his  "V\[edding,*'  said,  'Grab  your  horses,  grab  your  guns,  the 


\k  - 


.  -o 


I  G 

II  D  10 

III  B 
III  H 
IV 


-  4  - 


POLISH 


2 


Dziennik  Zwlazkov/y,  Aug.  10,  1914, 


court  of  Wa^el  awaits  you.*  It  is  coming,  and  for  this  reason,  we  who 
have  not  been  granted  the  privilege  there  across  the  sea  to  sacrifice 
our  lives  and  goods  on  the  greatest  and  most  sacred  altar,  because  it  is  the 
altar  of  the  Homeland,  should  bring  moral  and  financial  aid  to  our  fighting 
brothers.'* 


The  speaker,  having  summarized  the  eventi:>  which  took  place  in  Europe,  beginning 
with  the  nurder  of  the  heir  to  th^3  throne,  answered  then  the  question  he  himself 
had  posed:   With  whom  should  we  cast  our  lot?  "V/ith  the  Muscovites?  V/ith  the 
Muscovite,**  repeated  our  honorable  president,  "whose  throne  is  spattered  with 
the  blood  of  innocent  brothers,  ;vith  the  Tsar,  v;hose  conscience  is  weighted  down 
by  the  crime  of  the  murdered  Polish  martyrs?  Should  we  join  him  to  v;hom  the 
groaning  of  the  murdered  heroes  of  Poland  and  of  those  dying  in  prison  dungeons 
was  the  sv/eetest  music?  •'Or  perhaps  we  should  join  the  brutal  and  audacious 
Prussian,  who  tried  to  deprive  Polish  children  of  their  native  language,  with 
him  who  erected  a  memorial  like  that  of  Arzesnia  ^^anslators  note:  ^Arzesnia  was 
the  city  in  which  between  600  and  700  Polish  school  children  were  executed  en 
masse  for  singing  the  Polish  anthem^^  and  iiuoabite  to  the  eternal  shame  of  the 


0-' 


I  G  -  5  -  POLISH 

II  D  10 

III  B  2  Dziennik  Zwlazkowy,  Aug.  10,  1914. 

III  H 

IV  nineteenth  and  twentieth  centuries?  (Applause.)  Can  we  go  along  with 
the  Prussian,  who  piece  by  piece,  span  by  span,  takes  away  Polish  soil 

from  its  rightful  owners? 

"Or  perhaps  we  should  join  Austria,  which,  as  they  say,  permitted  the  singing 
of  rolish  songs  when  it  was  convenient  for  her  to  oo  so?  Would  we  forget  that 
the  Austrian  government,  headed  then  by  the  same  ruler,  stirred  up  brother  against 
brother?  ?/ould  we  be  supposed  to  forget  the  Galician  matter?  Was  not  this  the 
Austrian  government's  affair? 


"We  have  not  forgotten,  because  we  T^ay  not  forget.  V/e  must  not  join  at  this 
moment  any  one  of  our  three  annexers.  We  can  only  wait  until  the  three  robbers 
who  have  divided  Poland  tmiong  themselves  wear  out  each  other's  strength.  And 
then  we  can  repay  them  for  the  imprisomaent  of  centuries,  for  the  shackles  of 
our  brothers,  rox  the  blood  of  the  martyrs  which  fell  upon  the  soil  like  dew, 
for  the  defamation  of  our  mothers,  wives,  and  sisters.  Historical  Nemesis  is 
pursuing  our  annexersl  Soon  the  hour  of  retribution  will  strike  on  history's 
clock.  The  mad  game  of  Poland's  annexers  is  drawing  to  its  close.  Everything 


•-> 


(  y. 


-  6   - 


Dziennik  Zv/iazlcowy,  xiUg,   10,   1914, 


POLISH 


they  have  is  falling  apart,  and  the  invisible  hand  of  history  'w\Tites  in 
bloody  letters:  "Woe  to  you  cinnexers-exeoutioners  woel   (applause^)  It 
was  not  granted  to  lae,  or  to  you,  L:isters  and  Brothers,  to  be  there,  where,  at 
any  moment,  the  furious  battle  for  the  freedom  of  Polt^nd  will  break  out.  It  was 
not  granted  us  to  wash  away  the  many  sins  which  we  have  committed,  often  forget-   ^ 
ting  our  Mother,  with  our  blood,  but  v.e  have  the  duty  of  bringing  help  when  it 
is  needed.  Our  brothers  across  the  sea,  if  they  are  not  already  covering  the 
battlefields  with  their  bodies,  pressed  into  service  by  the  governments  of  the 
annexers,  suffer  hunger.  Destitution  knockis  upon  the  doors  of  their  cottages, 
this  inseparable  companion  of  the  poorest  in  the  nation.  Let  us  help  theml 
Let  us  ease  their  sufferingl  Let  everyone  f:ive  what  he  can,  and  let  us  not  stop 
giving  as  long  as  there  is  need.  V/e  can  afford  it.  None  of  us  suffers  hunger —   -- 
none  of  us  is  homeless.  In  the  name  of  oppressed  Poland,  in  the  name  of  our 
suffering  brothers,  I  ask  you,  please,  to  contribute  to  the  fund  of  the  Depart- 
ment of  Independence  ^f  the  P.N.AjJ^,  which  fund  will  not  be  used  for  party 
matters,  but  for  truly  national  purposes.  Let  us  all  contribute,  because  Poland 
is  the  Mother  of  all  of  us  and  vdll  gather  all  of  us  to  herself,  and  give  all  of 
us  the  feeling  of  home.  Let  us  forget  anger,  quarrels,  parties,  political  camps  and 


I  G 

II  D  10 

III  B  2 
III  H 
17 


-  7  • 


POLISH 


Dziennlk  Zwlazkov/y,  Aug.  10,  1914» 


platforms,  and  let  us  work  in  harnionj''  as  befits  the  loyal  sons  of  the 
Homeland.  Poland  is  a  great  thing,  and  in  the  face  of  a  great  thing 
it  is  unseemly  to  quarrel.  So  let  us  v/ork  harmoniously  and  influence  others  to- 
ward harmony  in  the  name  of  resurrect ins  Independent  Democratic  Poland,"  (Ap- 
plause • ) 

While  the  president  was  delivering  his  iddress,  nother  collection  was  taken  up 
which  yielded  fifty-nine  dollars  and  eighteen  cents.  Editor  John  Przyprawa 
spoke  next  summarizing  events  as  they  took  place  since  the  murder  of  the  heir 
to  the  Austrian  throne.  ^Historical  necessities,  **concluded  '^.  Przyprawa, 
**cannot  be  changed  by  the  knouts  of  the  Tsar  or  the  sentences  of  his  sycophants. 
Neither  the  rape  nor  the  audacity  of  the  Prussian  soldier,  nor  the  false  politics 
of  the  Austrian  governraent  in  regard  to  the  Polish  nation  can  alter  them.  Neither 
Tsar  Nicholas,  proud  V/illiam,  nor  Francis  Joseph  can  still  the  loud  voice  of 
historical  necessity,  because  the  voice  of  historical  necessity  demands  a  free 
democratic  Poland." 

On  the  motion  of  director  Kmieclnk,  it  was  voted  to  send  greetings  to  the 
Minister  of  War  in  Belgium  for  the  brave  stand  of  the  Belgians  and  the  victories 
gained. 


I  G 

II  D  10 

III  B  2 

III  li 
IV 


-  8  - 


POLISH 


Dzlennik  Zwiazkowy,  AUg.  10,  1914. 


^'Resolution. 


^VJe,  roles  of  the  city  of  Chicago,  gathered  at  this  mass  meeting  of  the  Library 
Departraent  of  the  Polish  National  Alliance  on  August  9,  1914,  resolve: 

"To  send  a  cablegram  to  the  rielgian  nation,  congratulating  it  on  its  victories 
over  the  Prussians,  the  eternal  ene-ny  of  the  Republic  of  Poland,  sending  it  ex- 
pressions of  sincere  friendship  and  encourageinent  to  persevere  in  the  defense 
of  its  Native  land,  Belgium.  Long  live  free  Belgium  and  Francel" 

The  public  accepted  this  resolution  vdth  thunderous  applause. 

;;ith  the  singing  of  "Poland  is  not  lostl"  and  "Ck)d  save  Poland;"  the  meeting  was 
brought  to  a  close. 


I  G 

III  B  2 
III  H 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  Aug*  7,  1914. 


AN  ANONYMOUS  LETTER 


When,  in  view  of  the  present  situation,  the  censor  and  the  president  of  the 
Polish  iNiational  Alliance,  acting  in  the  name  of  the  Advisory  Board  and  the 
Central  Board  of  Directors,  respectively,  sent  their  brethren  in  the  organiza- 
tion, and  all  people  of  good  will,  an  appeal  emphasizing  two  things  that 
Poland  needs  today,  that  is,  more  money  in  her  treasury  and  an  array,  they  be- 
lieved sincerely  that  their  plea  v/ould  not  go  unanswered  and  that  their  brethren 
in  the  Alliance  would  not  refuse  to  co-operate  at  a  moment  so  extraordinary 
and  full  of  hope  for  us. 

They  were  not  disappointed.  Unusual  activity  is  seen  everywhere.  The  fever 
of  1912  has  taken  possession  again  of  everyone* s  mind,  and  the  strain  of  wait- 
ing for  the  dreamed-of  moment  that  is  imminent  redoubles  the  energy  of  our 
people. 


The  old  and  exhausted  plowmen  of  the  national  field,  who  now  can  scarcely  hold 


I  Q 

III  B  2 
III  H 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


Dzlennlk  Zwiazkowy^  Aug,  7,  1914, 


the  plow  in  their  toilwom  hands  and  on  whose  eyelids  the  tears  of  grief  have 
already  dried,  have  taken  up  action  again  and,  with  renewed  energy,  are  be- 
ginning to  collect  funds  for  the  national  fund  to  free  Poland,  which  we  de- 
spaired of  seeing  free  again. 

The  young  people  who  have  inherited  this  plowshare  from  their  fathers,  and 
have  likewise  become  plowmen  in  the  national  field,  will  hurry  enthusiastically 
after  thern^  The  idea  of  fighting  and  spilling  their  blood  for  the  freedom  of 
the  homeland  lends  extraordinary  strength  to  their  muscles  and  goads  them  to 
action.  The  time  for  action  will  now  arrive  sooner  than  they  had  expected. 

The  Polish  women,  who  have  also  joined  the  ranks  as  workers,  have  vowed  that 
they  will  work  from  morning  till  night  if  by  so  doing  they  can  add  one  little 
brick  to  the  great  structure*  With  the  aid  of  a  map  and  information  gathered 
from  the  newspapers,  they  point  out  to  their  children  the  location  and  names 
of  the  Polish  cities  and  the  places  famous  for  miracles  that  the  Prussians  are 
taking,  indicating  to  them  where  Poland  used  to  extend,  €Uid  on  whose  lands 


5> 


c 


I  0 
III  B  2 

III  H 


-  3  - 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,   Aug.    7,    1914. 


POLISH 


the  enemies  are  now  fighting.  They   exult  at  the  thought  that  the  cities, 
towns,  and  fields  of  Poland,  nov/  trampled  upon  and  sacked  by  the  enemy,  soon 
will  become  Poland *s  indivisible  possession. 

The  people  have  begun  action.  The  masses,  generous  and  freedom- loving,  number- 
ing millions,  want  to  offer  their  hard-earned  contributions,  to  thus  helping 
in  the  building  of  a  great  edifice  in  which  all  may  sit  down,  the  free  with 
the  free  and  the  equal  with  the  equal,  at  the  same  festive  board,  in  oilier  to 
shed  the  last  tear  of  hardship  and  eat  the  last  crust  of  bread  gained  in 
slavery. 

That  these  masses  work  for  their  beloved  country  and  not  for  their  own  fame, 
gain,  government  posts,  or  sinecures  is  illustrated  by  the  follov>ring  letter 
from  an  anonymous  writer,  who  did  not  want  to  sign  his  name  lest  it  appear 
that  he  was  acting  in  the  hope  of  getting  himself  praised  and  admired  by  the 
people  for  his  truly  civic  deed,  worthy  of  emulation^ 


This  letter,  written  to  Llr.  J.  IJagdziarz,  cashier  of  the  Polish  National 
Alliance,  reads  as  follows: 


I  G 

III  B  2 
III  H 


-  4  - 


Dziennik  Zwiazkoivy,   Aug.    7,    1914, 


POLISH 


"Chicago,  Illinois,  August  5,  1914. 

"Dear  Sir:  "Foreseeing  that,  as  a  result  of  the  present  terrible  European  war, 
in  which  our  eternal  enemies  are  now  murdering  each  other,  the  dawn  of  tree 
Poland  is  beginning  to  break,  I,  a  Polish  laborer,  feeling  that  Poland,  our 
mother,  will  soon  be  needing  our  help  in  armed  men  as  well  as  in  material 
things,  consider  it  my  duty  to  offer  material  aid  on  the  altar  of  the  homeland, 
For  the  present  I  will  contribute  two  dollars  out  of  my  weekly  earnings  for 
an  unlimited  time,  which  sum  I  will  double  or  triple  as  soon  as  my  living  ex- 
penses permit* 

"Respectfully, 

"A.  M.   F. 

"P.  3.  The  attached  sum,  as  you  know,  should  be  forwarded  to  the  Department 
of  Independence • 


J 


"Long  live  democratic  Poland,  free  and  independent!" 


I  G 

III  B  2 
III  H 


-  5  - 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy>  Aug.  7,  1914, 


POLISH 


This  letter,  simple  and  sincere,  brings  tears  to  the  eyes.  This  man  grasping 
the  meaning  of  the  appeal  and  understanding  our  present  position,  hurries, 
regardless  of  the  sacrifice,  to  send  us  two  dollars  weekly  as  a  regular  con- 
tribution for  the  military  fund,  promising  to  contribute  more  just  as  soon  as 
he  regulates  his  domestic  needs. 

Such  are  the  sons  of  Poland,  and  there  are  millions  of  themj  It  is  impossible 
to  imagine  a  single  Pole  who,  at  such  a  time  as  this,  would  not  lay  his  offer- 
ings on  the  altar  of  the  homeland.  May  this  anonymous  letter  serve  as  an 
example  of  how  we  should  work  for  Poland — quietly,  efficiently,  and  without 
seeking  applause.  I.Iay  it,  at  the  same  time,  be  a  stimulus  for  those  who,  per- 
haps, have  been  assailed  by  a  momentary  doubt. 

We  believe  implicitly  that  today  there  is  not  a  single  Pole  who  would  shirk 
the  work  of  collecting  contributions;  not  a  single  one  of  them,  man  or  woman, 
who  would  mind  making  any  sacrifices  for  the  two  things  which  Poland  needs 
most — money  in  her  treasury  and  an  army. 


t 


C"5 


I  G 

III  B  2 
III  H 


-  6  - 


Dziennik  Zwiazkov/y>  Aug,    7,   1914. 


POLISH 


The  Polish  National  Alliance,  having  nov/  its  ov/n  Department  of  Independence, 
which  is  in  charge  of  collecting  contributions  and  donations,  assures  all  con- 
tributors that  the  money  donated  by  them  will  not  be  used  for  political  pur- 
poses, but  will  go  into  the  hands  of  those  who  are  struggling  for  the  freedom 
and  independence  of  Poland. 


Therefore,  to  work,  countrymenl 


it 

C.  '  " 


I  G 

III  H 


poLisi; 


Dziennik  Zwiazkovrv,  Aug.   5,   1914. 


TOPICS  OF  lis  DAY 


..-~' 

/      T 

■^^^ 

t     ^      \ 

*T\ 

* 

•J*  V 

*     "^-       \i 

-■'        ^^• 

\^. 

<i  // 

V 

>  ,, 


(Editorial) 

Europe  now  is  in  the  midst  of  unforeseen  events Our  hearts  beat  faster 

at  the  thought  that,  after  the  suppression  of  the  Prussian  pride,  better 
davs  will  cone, 

to 

7/hat  should  we  do"  V:e  should  v/ait  quietly,  v/ith  our  arms  ready,  until  the 
decidinr  moment  comes.   In  the  meantime,  vie   should  plcioe  every  peniy  we  nan 
save  on  the  altar  or  resuri*ected  Polund. 

Let  the  world  see  that  Poland  has  not  riven  up  hope,  ti.at  she  has  not  forf^otter 
the  wronf^s  done  to  her,  v/ronf:s  for  which  she  /ill  demand  redress  when  the  time 
for  this  comes. 


It  is  fifty  years  ar.o  today  that  the  last  member  of  the  National  Governraent  of 


I  G 

111  11 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zv;iazkov/y,  Aur.  5,  1914. 


1863  and  o\ir  last  dictator  Romi  -aid  Traiir;ut  v/ere  executed  at  the  citadel  of 
V/arsaw,   Today  our  hope  is  greater  than  ever  before,  because  the  Prussian 
power  v/ill  be  crushed  into  dust. 

^"Q   have  been  v.^iting  a  Icng  time  for  the  moinent  when  our  enemies  and  erstv/hile 
friends,  robbers  of  Polish  soil,  should  quarrel  among  themselves.   This  moment 
is  now  at  hand.  T'.vc  of  them  are  aligned  on  one  side,  the  third  on  the  other. 
Only  at  the  side  of  the  third  is  victory  assured,  because  all  Curope  is 
behind  it  and  allied  vrith  it.   'Vhat  to  do — vie   kno^'i. 


'Vi-,„^«»' 


c- 


t»  i , 


c 


*>/■ 


11     3      r 

III  !^ 


VCJ/T 


d  (1) 


■^rf 


ienniV:-  _. ^ wi ^^]0\'J2L >  *" •'*^'^'-'' •  ^  >  1914. 


Yesterday,  durinr-  a  rcli.5=^h  neetin''-  at  '/.'alr^h's  h^^ll,  the  a-rvRn^evr^   of  t^e 
meeting  allov/ed  themselves  to  re^'^etrate  a  truly  childish  rrank.  T-:\ey   burned 
en  the  star-e  a  ti'Ortrait  of  the  '^s^^^v   and  one  issue  of  Dzlonnik  !>.rodo\v7/ 
/daily,  publis'ied  in  C'licaro/i  v;iiich  some  tir.e  a-'-o  onenlv  stated  t  lat  in  the 
event  of  a  general  T^urcrean  v;ar,  the  Poles  s:;ould  side  vjj  th  t^^e  coalition 
and  cut  dovm  the  Prussians. 

h'e  are  not  enter rn^  -lere  into  the  justice  or  the  incentives  leaiinr  to  this 
manifestation.   Put  v^e  stamp  :^'esterday' s  occurrence  as  an  indication  of  the 
childishness  of  the  perpetrators,  who  thoupht  that  they  v/ere  accomplishing 
a  civic  dutv. 


The  only  name  for  ^/esterday's  performance  i^  that  of  childish  prank,  because 
reallv  one  cannot  call  it  an'^thinr  else.   Pv  burninr  portraits  of  the  Tsar 


c.  • 


( %  W.P.A.  c 


\  C^ 


T     ^ 


o 


POLI:-I'I 


II  3   2 

III  '■ 


d  (1) 


Dziennik  Zv/lazkovr/,   Aur.    ^^ ,    191' 


and  relish  ^uhlicaticn.'^,   v;e  v/ill  p-ain  nothinp*  but  rnerelv  make  laur;'hinp' 
stoclcD   of  oup'^elven  before  ot^ie-^s. 


V 


V'--' 


.<^ 


I  G 


POLISH 


III 
III 

IV 


B 
H 


Dziennik  Zv;iazkw;y,  Auf^.  4,  1914, 

ORGAiaZATICN  Niil.VS 
Appeal  to  All  the  Groups  of  Circuit  II  of 
the  Alliance  of  Polish  Falcons  in  America 

The  ^dministrativeT'  Departnent  of  the  Alliance  of  Polish  Falcons  in  America, 
in  view  of  the  f^eneral  confusion  brought  about  by  the  present  European  war, 
in  which  at  any  moment  it  may  become  our  duty  to  take  active  part,  has  ordered 
that  all  the  Falcon  OToups  establish  ref-^istration  bureaus  v;here  volunteers  can 
enlist,  regardless  of  whether  they  are  Falcons  or  not.   The  purpose  of  this 
order  is  to  avoid  havinp;  a  larp:e  number  of  our  young  men  enlist  at  other 
bureaus,  which  would  mean  the  irrevocable  loss  to  our  national  cause  of  many 
enthusiastic  young  men  capable  of  bearing  arms.  Besides,  we  want  the  men  who 
join  the  ranks  of  the  Falcons  voluntarily  to  receive  -^raining  in  the  use  of 
arms  before  they  are  called  to  leave  with  us  for  the  battlefield. 

All  groups  should  give,  as  soon  as  possible,  detailed  infoiroation  as  to  the 
location  of  their  bureaus  and  the  hours  during  which  they  are  open  for  en- 
listment. 


o 


I  G 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkov;y,  Aug.  4,  1914. 


Ill  B  2 
III  K 
IV 

I  remind  all  the  raembers  v;ho  have  already  entered  their  nanes  on  the  list 
of  volunteers,  as  well  as  those  who  are  intending  to  do  so,  that  under  no 
circumstances  should  they  enlist  as  volunteers  at  any  bureaus  other  than  those 
belonging  to  the  Alliance  of  Polish  Falcons.  At  the  appropriate  time,  men 
enlisted  at  these  bureaus  will  receive  from  the  Falcons*  General  Headquarters 
their  orders  to  appear  at  a  meeting  place. 


1 

i 


(Signed)    J.S.  Rybicki, 

President   of  Circuit   II  of  the  Alliance 

of  Polish  Falcons   in  America 


Ca3 

r  '1 


I  a 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazko;vy,  Aug.  3,  1914. 

REJ.!ARI^  ON  Tir^   TILDES 

(Editorial) 

On  turning  the  papes  of  history,  '.ve  find  that  every  hundred  years,  more  or  less, 
some  nations  start  a  war  in  order  to  drovm  their  sorrows  and  misfortunes  in 
rivers  of  blood.  Every  hundred  years,  more  or  less,  Europe  goes  through  a  war 
in  which  more  than  tv/o  countries  are  involved. 

This  bloody  anniversary  has  nov/  come  upon  us.  Six  large  countries  are  to  enter 
battle,  dragging  after  themselves  other  smaller  countries. 

The  so-called  greater  national  necessity  has  reached  the  point  where  certain 
empires  must  unsheath  their  swords  and  Dush  millions  of  their  innocent 
soldiers  to  be  killed,  or  to  be  crip'^led  for  the  rest  of  their  lives. 


\y 


There  are  no  ideals  in  this  war  on  the  part  of  the  empires.  They  are  guided  ^^ 
solely  by  the  desire  for  material  gains,  or  the  desire  for  revenge.        /o^ 

V  ^/ 


\ 


I  G 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


Dziennlk  Zwiazkowy,  Aug.  3,  1914. 

The  ideals  are  all  on  the  side  of  the  smaller  nations,  especially  those 
which,  from  time  to  time,  v;ere  either  entirely  annexed  or  robbed  of  part 
of  their  lands.  But  these  nations  will  play  either  a  very  small  part  or 
no  part  at  all  in  this  war. 

Despite  its  entirely  materialistic  character,  the  Drecent  war  has  one  ^ood  (^ 


\ 


side — it  will  dencn St rate  the  foolishness  of  armed  peace. 


V^. 


For  decades  humanity  has  struggled  under  the  weight  of  armed  peace  and  has 
even  been  deprived  of  vital  nourishment  in  order  that  machine  gijins,  m^users, 
howitzers,  and  other  "tools**  of  civilization  might  be  purchased. 

For  decades  humanity  was  retarded  in  its  march  of  progress  by  turning  the 
healthiest  part  of  its  organism  into  a  machine  of  war  which,  as  a  rule,  pro- 
duced only  conceited,  half-smart  and  half -foolish  little  automata. 


It  is  enough  to  listen  to  any  Austrian  officer^with  a  sword  and  a  couple  of 


I  G 


-  3  - 


POLISH 


Dzleimlk  Zwlazkowy^  Aug*  3,  1914* 

stars 9  to  be  convinced  that  humanity  has  lost  one  person,  who  could  have  been 
an  intelligent  and  useful  citizen  were  it  not  for  that  little  sword  and  those 
little  stars  on  his  collar* 


The  war  will  put  an  end  to  armed  peace  and  militarism,  thus  eliminating  all 
the  useless  sidewalk  polishers  who,  although  calling  themselves  the  defenders 
of  their  country,  serve  no  other  purpose  than  to  paralyze  the  march  of  pro- 
gress • 

After  the  war,  the  peasant  will  stay  at  home  instead  of  wasting  his  valuable 
time  in  destroying  others  or  in  saluting  his  superiors. 

Tragic  as  war  is  in  itself,  it  has  a  comical  side,  too*  The  comical  part  of 
it  is  that  of  all  the  empires  involved  in  this  weo:,  there  is  not  a  single  one 
that  could  boast  of  not  having  some  injury  to  other  nations  on  its  conscience. 


I  G 


-  4  - 


POLISH 


Dzieimik  Zwiazkowy,  Aug.  3,  1914, 

A  thief  wants  to  rob  a  thief,  but  since  it  is  important  to  preserve  the  pres- 
tige of  the  "little  innocent"  which  is  forced  to  give  battle,  an  entire  comedy 
is  performed  with  ultimatums,  notes,  and  similar  puppet  shov/s  called  interna- 
tional laws. 


Let  us  just  look,  one  at  a  time,  at  the  empires  that  want  to  settle  their  differ 
ences  with  bloodshed.  Russia  has  already  established  her  reputation  as  a 
political  robber.  All  of  her  possessions,  from  the  very  beginnings  of  the  at- 
tacks of  the  Norsemen,  came  from  robberies  and  she  cannot  show  an  honest  title 
of  ownership  to  a  single  one  of  them. 

The  Germans,  and  especially  the  Prussians,  have  been  getting  fat  on  foreign 
blood  for  centuries,  not  even  sparing  those  who,  with  other  treatment,  could 
be  useful  citizens. 


France,  also, is  no  saint  in  her  deeds.  During  those  famous  "reunions"  in  the 
reign  of  Louis  XIV,  she  robbed  the  Germans  of  this  same  Alsace-Lorraine  which 


r 


I  G 


-  5  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwlazkowy>  Aug.  3,  19 14. 


the  Germans  recaptured  in  1870,  and  for  the  defense  of  which  they  nmst  now 
fight. 

England  murdered  the  Boers,  who  got  possession  of  Transvaal  by  murdering 
the  Zulus. 

The  Italians  attacked  Turkey  not  quite  three  years  ago  and  robbed  her  of 
Tripoli,  which  also  came  into  the  hands  of  Turkey  in  not  too  honest  a  way. 

And  so  on  in  a  circle.  History  does  not  know  of  a  country  which  did  not 
steal  something,  which,  for  purposes  of  aggression,  did  not  try  to  take 
something  frcm  other  nations  to  turn  it  to  its  own  advantage. 

Soaie   try  to  call  this  tragicomedy  the  struggle  for  existence;  others  see  in 
it  ordinary  punishment  for  transgressions;  others,  again,  after  long  deli- 
beration, will  cry  out:  "A  robber  is  fighting  a  robber— let  him,  so  long  as  he 
returns  my  stolen  property." 


I  g 

III  II 


PCLi^^  v\  V?.P.A.  2\ 


Dziennik  Zwlazkowy,  Au^.  1,  1914. 


".vAR 


(Editorial) 

A  terrific  war  is  approachin.^;  perhaps  at  the  very  mcment  v/hen  these  words 
are  beinrr  written  it  has  already  broken  out. 


This  war  is  not  a  war  between  tv/o  or  more  kinrs — it  is  a  war  of  races,  a  war 
of  nations,  a  war  of  hmiianity  a^^ainst  militarism,  v/hich  has  been  for  many 
years  oppressing  the  people  and  drawinr*  out  the  very  essence  of  life  from  the 
masses,  obstruct inf^  their  development. 

In  this  v/ar  races  will  fip;ht  each  other.   Just  as  once  on  the  fields  of  Crun- 
wald  the  Slavic  world,  under  the  leadership  of  l-olanjd,  fourht  a  battle  for 
life  or  death  with  Oermanism,  so  now  will  the  Slavs  stand  together  as  a  barrier 
before  Germanism  and  will  cry  out,  ''Kill  or  diel" 


I  a 

111 


roL 


3".' 


D  z  1  e  nr:  i  ^ :   Zv^  i  c  z  ••'  ovrr 


)h'^ 


-  I 


19.14 


nven  not   taViri'--  t'^e  :-oles   int^   cons.^ '^.er^itinn ,    \'rio  althour-h  descended   fror^ 
the  31nvn   hrive   t  ";e.^tern  culture  ^^^^d   are  not  inferior   in   nnv  res"^ect   to  the 
Teutonic   or  any  other  race:^,    '^ernanl^.n  i.^   tlie  avov;ed   enony  of  everythin--  even 
rer.otely   "Slavic. 

Justice,   v/hicii   civilization   '^ronir.es    t*-^   n^'read ,    had   cor-jaanded   that   the  Toles 
be   :^aved ,    becaiise  they  were    the   flr:^t   and   t'le  -^nly  ones   to  brea>  v/i  th   the 
?yzsntine  :]ant;    t.^ie;-'  were  ^he  f-^'rnt    t^  rai^^e   ':;'irirt»r  banner  ^^i^h   and   to   carr:'^ 
t:ie  v;ordr^   o.""  brotherl'^  love  P'^d   the   fear  o?   'V)d   into   the  dar'-:  ^'^afises   of  their 
peoples.     Unfortunately,    tbis    justice  turned   out   to  be  our  hprtrr^it^ri ,    ani   c'^vili 
zation,   our   ctepnother, 

'he  :vere  betraved,    robbed,    and,    afte^  t'^e  fin^l   blov:  viRr.  dealr.  ns,    -':e  were 
ridiculed. 


Ijnonr  tbe  T)roud   ran>s  of  the  victor,-   of   ■'^runv/ald,    th'^T-e  were   traitors   and  vipers 


•   •■  ■  -"  ^ 


/< 


I  Q 
III  H 


Dziennik  Zviiazkovrr ^   Auj^,  .1,  1914. 


v;:io  thirsted  after  our  blood,  wanting  to  throv/  our  inert  bodies  under  the  feet 
of  the  traT.plinft  Oerrians. 

And  so  tv;o  enenies  or^Tiosed  us — thone  who  ^nid  honare  to  un   at  Crumvald  and 
swore  eterral  subjection,  and  those  for  v/hon  v/e,  ^y   tlie  strength  of  our  muscles 
and  tiie  power  of  our  spirit,  assured  i'reedor;  fror:  ^rernan  slavery. 

Fate  decreed  that  the  le-ioership  of  the  b'-jttle  of  Or^unv/ald  should  p-o  into  other 
hands — into  the  hands  of  ono  of  our  three  o^r)Te:^f'or^p^ ,    Russia. 

Russia  has  now  at  its  disposal  the  greatest  Tfiilitary  ]}Ower  of  all  the  Slavic 
nations,  and,  possessing  it,  3he   can  and  should,  in  the  na:';'e  of  the  '"lavs,  .^ive 
battle  to  the  Oerran  hordes,   /vll  the  ^'^lavic  nations,  v/ith  the  exception  of 
Poland  and  Slovakia,  have  declared  thenselves  on  her  side. 


The  forjner,  for  political  reasons,  the  latter,  because  of  a  lack  of  knowled'^e  of 


p 


T  r 


iij  :-i 


ijzier.ni  :^ 


-  A  « 


>iaz>xvr£,  riu,-^ 


1,  1914, 


POLISH 


Socio-political  cori(litiori3 ,  have  refrained  fror.  takin^  sldej^. 

One  of  our  enemies  is  to  lead  the  Slavs  in  t'le  battle  a/"^ainst  ''"rerr'.ani^^rr. 


Just  an  ive  wish  the  Slav,-)  victory  and  t'-e  ^.err-an^;  absolute  "political  annihila- 
tion, so  do  v/e  v^ish  that  ?aisr:ia,  in  raininp*  the  victor?/,  beccre  so  v/eak  as  to 
^ive  us  a  chamce  to  settle  our  score  with  her.   hh' th  a  v;eak  and  enfeebled 
Russia,  we  will  be  able  to  settle  our  account  easily,  the  more  so  .'^ince,  after 
an  eventufil  successful  ;var,  Russia  will  beco^-e  t'le  debtor  of  the  Slavic  nations, 
contracting'  obli-^ations  which  she  v;ill  not  '^e  able  to  c^  rcu"".vent  so  shamelessly 
as  ^:he   did  vjith  us  inore  than  a  hundred  vears  aro. 


h-e  should,  then,  wish  Russia  that,  havinr  crushed  the  ^rOrmans ,  she  nif^ht  break 
her  teeth  on  then  and  accent  us  as  her  dentists,   he  will  know  how^  to  extract 
her  old  and  cruniblinfr  roots  and,  in  settinf'  in  nev;  teeth,  v/e  will  set  them  in 
such  a  rnarmer  that  she  w^ill  not  be  able  to  bite  us  with  them. 


III  i: 


-  FS  - 


PCLI.Ti 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  Aurr.  1,  1914. 


V/hile  vrritin/:^  the  nbove  words,  vie   thourlit  of  the  prophecies   uttered  some  fif- 
teen years  aro   by  Dr.  rdncn   Aszr.enazv,  professor  of  the  T'rilversity  of  Lwov;, 

Tills  historian,  a  ver:'-  learned  j^.cin,  :inintained  that  after  the  next  European 
v/ar  Poland  would  have   to  arise;  t'-iat  she  must  arise  as  a  neutral  nation  divid- 
inr  the  '.est  and  the  -]ast. 


These  theories  are  no\*i   taking  on  a  r-reat  deal  of  reasonableness  and  actuality. 


The  roles,  as  a  Slavic  nation,  are  related  to  the  "East,  but,  through  their 
civilization,  belonr-  to  the  '.est.   Therefore,  if  Europe,  after  a  European  v/ar, 
wants  to  assure  itself  r>eace,  it  must  se^narate  the  Eastern  snhere  from  that  of 
the  V/est,  and  it  can  do  this  on'^y  by  resurrecting  Poland. 

Fifteen  years  a^o  v;e  listened  to  these  vjords  of  Aszkenazy  as  a  mere  hypothesis, 
and  we.  felt  a  desire  that  tiiO'''  v;ould  som.e  day  come  true.  How  our  hearts  beat 


I  0 

III  II 


-  r.  . 


PCLISTI 


Dziennik  Zvvlazkowy,  Aur^.  1,  1914. 


faster  at  the  very  thourht  that  this  hypothesis  may  become  an  actuality,  that 
Poland  v;ill  rerain  her  freedom. 

VJould  that  the  Poles  nir^ht  act  at  the  ri^^ht  tii.^.e  and  not  spoil  the  eventual 
accomrilishment  by  too  rreat  su^^erf iciolity. 


-^r-^" 


t<.i.f^.  ^ 


■-^ 


r-C 


V.'e  have  nothing  to  lose.  If  the  v/ords  of  Dr.  Aszkenazy  cone  true,  p:ood;  if 
they  do  not,  then  we  will  sDeak  up  for  Poland's  deserved  rip'hts  v/ith  the  mus- 
cular strength  of  the  millions  of  our  people — we  v;ill  be  speaking  up  to  those 
who  have  been  weakened  and  bowed  by  v;ar. 


FOLis:: 


I  G 


Dziennik  Zwi^zkov/-/,  Arril  r^l,  1914. 
A  CALL  TO  THE  POLISH  SOLDIERY 
(Editorial) 


*-'     'A    V      -\  *    * 


A  war  between  t/.e  United  "States  and  I'-exico  is  iriminent  and  almost  at  hand.   The 
starry  ilai:  of  '.:^ishin<--:ton  r,m\   Lincoln  nrst  be  vathout  a  stain,  it  mist  remain  as 
clean  and  as  beautiful  ar  it  was  W':en  bestowed  ii^^on  this  coun'-ry  by  its  irreat 
■oresidt-nts.   The  tine  of  natient  w-itin--^  has  elarp,ed.   The  haughty  and   arro.~a.nt 
Drtsident-bandit,  huerta,  mu-st  yield  to  t^^e  n\ist  dr  nands  of  otir  p-overnnent. 

The  A-,ericaJi  army  rmist  enter  !'e:rico,  a:id  it  should  not  rest  t-ere  until  the  star 
sr-aii^;led  banner  sliall  v;ave  forever,  in  the  cariital  city  of  thot  turbulent  country. 
The  ain  of  this  ^"rr  is  not  to  acouire  material  and  territorial  ,'^'  ins,  but  to 
defend  the  honor  of  the  American  fla,^,  whic^  has  recently  been  insulted  by  Huerta, 
and  to  Tvhich  every  rir^teous  r.nci    true  solciier  owe-  his  life.   Of  such  most  righteous 
ana  noble  character,  were  our  Polish  who  wit-,  ^old^-n  letters  carried  their  nam.es 
on  bloody  battlefields  of  their  ovm  and  other  countries,  whenever  the  liberty  of 
the  country  or  its  soldierly  honor  were  at  stake.   Now  a:ain,  the  Pole  stands 
ready  for  th.e  call  to  arms.   !'ay  G-od  helo,  him  win  the  hi..::hest  rraise  and  f^ory. 


I  G 


-3- 


FCLI3H 


.  Dzi^nnik  Zwi-zkovvv,    A-ril   21,    1914. 


K 


X^ 


f   *  \ 

c 

o 


The  Polis:'  soldiers  sf^rviru^  under  the  starry  banner,  should  remember  that  their 
forefathers  are  lookinfr  ur^on  then,  ana  are  callincr  them  to  ^icroic  firfit.  A  Pole, 
v;hen  narchin,?:  to  the  battlefield  in  :'exico,  should  remember  that  he  is  a  citizen 
of  the  Inited  States  ana  a  aescendant  of  a  nation  out  of  vhich  came  r^osciuszko, 
■^ulaski,  and  other  heroes,   h'e  should  be  t-ie  first  and  the  best,  to  demonstrate 
to  the  Americ^^ji  people,  that  Polish  emi'-^r:  tion  -^ave  this  country  not  only  co--on 
laborers  but  also  the  brri.vest  defenders  of  the  st-rrry  banner. 


Go,  therefore,  and  win  -  and  alt'OU'^h  your  columns  will  deci^\ated,  t":^ey  will  be 
decorated  with  laurels  of  victor^.^  for  the  '^eroic  deatn  of  their  comrades. 


POLISH 


I  G 


D^iennik   Zvria.zy.o\rj,    i'el),   11,    1914, 


A  SY>'PHOi-IC  PR^ilJJDZ  rC  FROSZRrUY 


/ 


(Zciitoria,!.) 

The  American  Press   is  continnally  heraldin.r   that  ;2'ood   ti^nes  are  in   the  ofiln 
while  evpr^/t'iirifT:  else   s^ens   to  ■'^rove   that   the  hirh   cost  of  living  and   social 
burdens  are   steadily  incr^  asin.-  v/ith  no   sicTn  or  relief.      The  ■^•roclaimin.c;  of 
optimistic   ho^^es,   unaer  s^jcIi  circumetnnces,    is  a  si.^gi  of   thoU;^htlessnes'=j  and 
of   •■^^erversion  on   tl:e   ^^art   of   t'le  hypocritical  and   two-faced  American  news- 
paoers  vrhose  hidden  Tourr^oe   is   to  c.elufe   t'l^  v/orkingnan  witli  the  hone  of 
•orosperity,    and   to   rAistain   in  him  a  thourhtlens  dis-position  v/hich  v/ill   fore- 
stall any  reflection  "by  v/hic:i  h^   could   feel    the  necessity   to  use  his  money 
sioarincTl?*^  and   save  it   for   th.e  dark  hours,    instead  of  dissi^atin^e:'  it    for 
trifles  and   for  luxury.      Business  would   suffer   financial   losses   if   the  work- 
in,f^an   started   to   save;    thereiore,    he   is   induced   to   spend   even   the  last 
dollar  for  enjoyment   in  tiie   expectation  Oif  prosperity. 


In  the  meanwhile  "r.  "arri-^on,  the  Secretary  of  Var,  Daints  for  us  a  different 
picture  of  t'"^e  sad  reality/  w'ich  soimds  like  a  sharr)  uissonanje  in  the  midst 
of  thr^t  r)ros')erity  symr^hony.  It  ar^-ne:  rs  that  t?ie  r»acifyin/^  serenades  of  Kr. 
Bryan  amd  of  otri^^r  v/orlci  pacifists  have  rocked  and  stilled  our  government  to 
such  an  extent  that,  to-day,  v^e  can  scarcely  compete  witli  other  countries  in 
natt::-s   of  national   defense  and  welfare. 


TOTWff 


-''^.^ 


Dziennik  Zv/JazkoTv^/,    Feb.    11,    1914, 


In   the  fcloori^/^  r^ictiire  of  ovir  political   and   econn^'^.l c   f^hortcomin'-s  dwells   the 
fiitile  hoToe   for  ^ros-oerity  in    the  near  future,    and   the   strains   of  the  nis- 
l-^adin^   tv.ne  of   the   symi^honic  -^relude,    Frosrerity. 


I  0 


-  '    ■  i 

a..  V. -i 


— '  IJ 


1  orj".  i-c 


C7I. 


(Jcitoriv:!  I 


:ntc  "  i-icli  •  re  "rery  difficult 


In  the  life  of  rion   :.nc  ncitions  there  :.re  :- 

to  fcthOM.      Cne  of  thoce  hir.tcric:.!  ::.omo::tc   i.^   beinr;;   cxjerioi.ced  by  one  of 

the  ;;:reat  --::.ei'ic:ir:  he:n:"blics.     l.!e::icc 

nearest  nei  "'hborhojd  to  the  hnite^ 


1-.  -»- 


one  rrcrt  :.no  ncn  counury  m  tne 
\:z,z.   dcctined  b*  its  very  n^-.ture 


'cr  t 


XX 


f  ■> 


,.. ,  1 


<^-i 


loio; 


or  1 


v»  <~.  -f-  T  1  -v-tCi  T 


'OC> 


It 


1^ 


x<.  • 


j.t  cou! 


.i.l 


e  an  excexx 


ent 


V/'  '  T  "v» 


let   for  our  rrocucts 


:.t 


..,e:;ico 


been   chr.n.*ed  lately  into  a  nest 


of  hornets  \nd  has  becoi.ie 


mili:,iited  source  of  trouble 


X  V.  I         U  i  i. 


e 


ei 


shinrton 


-o\erni.ient 


or  several  year 


4-V, 


revolution  is  ruini 


XL.  v.. 


.nd  tcarina  that 


country  c:nd  retarding'  all  aro/-ress 


If  this  revolution  had  sone  definite  •  royran  or  .-ij-iy  social  problen  to  solve, 
-.;e  could  hope  th-^  t  ro:::e  ti;.:e  in  the  near  future  this  turmoil  v.ill  cone  to 
an  end.  ;.laG,  as  this  strU:::rle  is  conducted  ■  ithout  any  ylan  i.iid   is  carried 
on  by  anbitious  individuals  in  ruest  for  leadershi]^,  it  only  causes  a  .gen- 
eral chaos.   If  tod':y  I'uerta  coula  seize  and  shoot  "aranza,  or  vice  versa,   "i^     c 
tor.aorrov;  Zapata  --ouIg  do  tlic-  sarr.s  thin;^  to  the  victor.  "Zhis  -'ould  not  help  '',  i...  ^.  ^ . 


->/«. 


.1  L.  X.  loi. 


P. 


ricnni^:  /iar.io^'rr,  Cct.  !^4,  ICir^. 


oo  pacify  I^exicc,  because  na:.:ecno  r.lc^e   '.'ould  try   to  Cizyozo   of  'lap:ita  ^.nd 
to  bcco:.:o  a  iiev'  niler,  :..e::iGan  con.'rtitirl^ion.'.linifi  i^   very  probleraatic. 
]:uert:\,  •  ithout  ■■ayir:."'  ny  attention  to   the  co.  ctitiiticn,  v;r.s  able  tc  put 
into  ■'ail  '.12.  ^^rof-rossivo  :..o:'ljers  of  the  ..exicaii  conrress.  Juch  an  act 
is  unthinkable  in  any  constitutional  ccunti-y,  ac;  it  "ould  h:.ve  provoked  a 
violent  reaction  on  the  part  cf  the  people,  hucrta*:^  action  puts  ^n  end 
ta  all  talk  about  can^titutionalisn  havin'*  been  accepted  by  l.'exico,   Zvi- 
dtntly  the  henican  ^;.eo::^lc  do  net  value  their  constitution  :  nd  freedom,  veiy 
;.iuch.  Under  such  conditions  '.;e  cannot  enpect  a  le^al  and  constitutional 
CoveiTL/iient  to  be  or".:.ni7ed,  nd  diplc.iatic  relation  betv:een  the  united 


States  i.nd  ...enicc  to  be  establisiied.  '..aitin 
elections  in  hexico  is  just  a  vaste  of  tine. 


for  lea 


t;' 


presidential 


lut  in  connection  alth  this  affair  another  vital  factor  cane  into  daylipht, 
a  factor  :..ore  i..iport:a:t  than  '.;e  thoupht.   ..e  l-TiO:;  veip;  v;ell  in  v/hat  difficulty 
vould  be  a  nation  v;hich  '..ould  tr*'  to  enlarre  its  jossessions.   hvery  atteinpt 
to  increase  its  possessions  v;ould  arouse  stronp  protests,  and  possibly  v;ould 
cause  a  v;ar  ;lth  another  nation,  cnpecially  alth  lilnpland,  v'hich  is  in  .. 
fear  of  losing  "Janada. 


A 

-/ 


hJ 


3 


CLISII 


Dzieiuiik  yyt;iazkov\'',   Oct 


••  -J 


nr 


*-y  • 


"l^^ven  if   the  LTxitcd  Gtates*    roverr.r.cnt  ::ere  to  guarantee  that  orxly  pacification, 
not  annexation  of  ! Mexico   is   itr.     oal,   Ii^nxland  v;ould  not  believe    ;.hat,    and 
\:ould  probably,    tov.ether  '.'ith  anotlier  interested  country,    land  i:Oi..e  amed 
forces   in  I.^exico;   and   because  of  this   fear,    our  :-:cverni.ient '  s  policy  in 
Llexico   is   so  doubtful   end  vacillatin^';^  thr.t  Iiuerta,    'aiovinr  this,    lau^:h 
and   i:'TxOres  us. 


s 


•       J 


I  G 


'"i 


T  -         '"'.. 


,n 


ane  14,1D13. 


•r'-  TTTT- 


.  L.\.ST  til:  r:^  T 

( -.  -.itori'ii) 


POLISH 


.< 

/   .     « 

v>     \ 

/ 

v^^ 

;-'v. 

n 

\  (}  ■ 

■\:'^ 

In   the  ?nr  3r'.c^t,    in  the  n  ■)!  -'iborhoo'l   of  j':,j)Mi,   v;itli  v;::ich  our  frie-id^'y 
rel'^t'.ons  are  ctill    oro""le  at'.  - ,   the  ;p-K-ificatioii  of  tlie  T^M li;_)"d. nes 
is  in  pro^^ress. 


Bri'^adi^r  G-enera".   J.   ?'3^':■hLnc  -rt'it':.^    in  "  i3   rt?;port   ■':*at  the    "-acifica'-ion 
of  the  lioros   is   i:.^o::3iMG  b'-   ocicef  :1  :;:et';od3,    ^.:id  that  !;.3    .'ill    .:ot 


rest    '^u.'itll  t::o  las 


•  1      T     «       I 


4-  ,- 


u     *An  IS  t-  ':e]i  f ro^ 


lut   for  as  there   is 

.  I  -^         . .'        -,    J,   'v^  a.  v.A  .'_       ^    ^O  O  O  •_.., 


c'"other  ;"eani";;*  m  a;i::\u'.   n  t'-     •  .e   one     •iven   m   o 

Since  the  ^hilipoi/.es  ::?re  taken^ '":)'' lo-oin;^  the  So'-'nish  :;ar,  settling  and 

Is  rre  in  ''roe ess.  As  to  the  final 


acif "  r^ation  of  these  -rr^^-^"^^- 


W  X    Lt  J- 


1     .■ 


/J  J- 


result  of  this    -^ro -ra::! ,    it  v/ill    .lot    "e   e-rd   to    ^aiess,    i::'  v:e    ^ear   in    una 
the   systei::  and   "^^rocednre   ad'"Dted  to    ^aoif  '  the  ...erican  Indians.     1C}.\ 


;vbat  is  said  ah-^ut   cultural     issinns  ,liursenitarianisn  &nd  n  jht 

sound  very  aid  in  the  1'  jht   of  truth. 


1  ,>.- 


:•   o". 


I  ■ .  i 


L       J-  o 


'>    "^  4-■'.^ 


e 


^  2  ^ 


Dziennik  Zv/iazkowy,  June  14,   1913. 


POLIJH 


army  stationed  in  the  Philippine  Islends  are  the  best  evidence  as  to  how 
these  v/arriors  are  treating  the  defenseless  "cOigu,"  They  mark  their  skins 
v/itii  a  knife  for  "evidence"  and  viiie   out  villas©s  of  rebellious  Lloros. 
Pacification  with  fixed  bayotiet  does  not  set  the  proper  example.  Where  the 
bayonet  is  the  ruling  factor,  there  is  the  end  of  all  civilization,  humanitar- 
ianism,  and  culture^  Poor  Lloros,  they  will  pay  dearly  for  their  struggles 
for  freedomi 


General  Pershing,  or  :iis  successor,  v/ill  .lot  stop'^lntil  the  last  c^un  is 
taken,"  perhaps  vjith  r.aany  lives. 


I  G 


POLISH 


Dzlennik  Z»viazk:oviy,   Dec.   19,   1910. 


THr:  ARiiiJ^rr   QUESTION 


(Editorial) 

Billions  of  dollars  are  being  appropriated  annually  to  maintain  several 
millions  oT  strong  healthy  people  nov;  in  military  service  in  all  nations. 
These  people,  if  they  v^ere  gainfully  employed  in  their  countries,  would 
increase  the  v^ealth  of  Lheir  ov.n  nations  and  that  of  the  ^hole  v.orld.  As 
conditions  are  at  present,  the  inactive  stcindine;  armies  of  the  laost  pov^er- 
ful  nations  are  only  a  buraen  to  the  older  and  v;eaker  citizens,  v.ho  are 
compelled  to  work  and  pc^y  taxes  to  maintain  a  group  that  is  idle. 

If  people  really  had  noble  feelings  and  did  not  foster  in  themselves  greed 
and  animal  instincts — if  they  were  to  follow  the  v.ords  of  our  Divine  Master: 
•♦Love  thy  neighbor  as  thyself, ••  and  "V/hatsoever  ye  would  that  men  should  do 
to  you,  do  ye  even  so  to  them^* — their  armies  and  instruments  of  death  would 
be  unnecessary.  V'e   shcula  then  have  paradise  on  earth.  Everyone  would  wish 


.J 

NO 


I  G 


-  2  - 


I^LIGH 


Dziennik  Zwiazko^y,  Dec,  19,  1910. 


Vvell  tc  others,  and  there  v.ould  then  be  no  thou^jht  of  laurderin^r  one  another 
in  order  to  grasp  and  deprive  others  physically  less  stion^^  of  their  property. 
As  long  as  people  retain  low,  afCgressive,  and  bloody  instincts,  so  long  v;ill 
peace  have  to  be  maintained  by  iueans  of  powerful  armaments.   If  there  were  no 
aggressors  and  aLtackers,  then  there  vvoula  be  no  need  of  defense.   If  Poland 
had  believed  in  armed  peace  and  had  at  all  times  been  prepared  to  repel  its 
enemies,  it  l^ould  today  be  an  autonoraous  nation,  and  our  people  Vvould  not 
groan  in  servitude.  Because  our  forefathers  failed  to  maintain  armed  peace 
in  Poland,  v/e  must  bear  the  sad  consequences  of  this  carelessness  or  short- 
sightedness. 


4l 


S 


It  is  no  Vvoncer  that  some  nations  ai  e  araiag  the::.selves,  anc  others  are 
following  suit.  Let  one  country  fail  in  this  activity,  and  the  others  will 
immediately  profit  by  such  an  opportunity  and  pounce  upon  the  less  well  armed 
opponent  in  order  to  rend  it  asunder.  7:hen  we  know  thut  a  thief  is  only 
awaiting  an  opportunity  to  brea'<  into  orir  house  for  the  purpose  of  robbery 
and  of  injuring  us  bodily  in  the  event  of  opposition,  then  we  certainly  guard 


I  G 


5  - 


POLISH 


D^ieimik 


Lj*»l.iXijiZO\,^ 


Dec.  19,  1910. 


our  gates,  build  :ii^;h  fences,  place  guards,  unleash  huce  dO{'S,  and  are  prepared 
for  any  eventuality  in  order  to  defend  ourselves  ap,ainst  attack.   If  there 
vfere  no  robbers  and  murderers,  thon  these  means  of  safety  v;ould  also  be  un- 
necessary. A  nation  is  like  an  individual;  if  it  fears  attack  by  aggressive 
neighbors,  it  ruards  its  boundaries,  riaintu  us  an  army  in  strong  forts,  arms 
it  as  ;vg11  as  it  can,  and  holds  it  in  r-adiness  to  repel  the  enemy.  It  v/ould 
be  necess  ^r"  for  hui:ianity  to  be  fundamentally  reformed  so  as  to  renounce  all 
desire  for  others*  property  in  order  to  be  J.elivered  from  the  need  for  armies, 
fortresses,  crnnons,  sv/ords,  and  t^uns.  All  the  nations  of  the  .;orld  would 
then  constitute  our  large  family.  Unfortunately,  however,  such  conditions 
will  not  bo  rciilized  for  some  tiiac  to  come,  /md  so  if  nations  v;ish  to  main- 
tain '-/crld  peace,  they  must  of  necessity  arm  themselves.  Poland  v;ould  also 
arm  itself  if  it  only  could  t;iat  it  mir,ht  forcibly  reposses  that  ;vhat  v/as 
stolen  from  it  by  the  three  political  bandits,  Russia,  Austria,  and  Germany. 


o 

-J 


Every  one  doubtless  is  astonished  that  the  "United  States,  which  in  the  year 
1910  has  only  114,000  officers  and  men  in  its  regular  army,  has  spent  so 


I  c- 


-  4  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zv/iazl-rowy,  Dec.  19,  1910. 


huge  a  sum  as  .;252,000,000  to  niaintain  its  army  and  navy.  This  aniount  is 
only  .:|il9, 000,000  less  than  that  necessary  to  maintain  Russians  hu^;e  amy. 
This  may  be  e:rplainGd  by  the  fact  that  an  American  soldier  is  far  better 
paid  than  those  of  5uro:3ean  or  Asiatic  nations.  The  military  man  here  is 
better  fed  and  clothed,  e^nd  millions  of  dollars  are  set  aside  for  veterans' 
pensions,  even  for  those  who  during  their  teri'i   of  service  never  smelled 
gunpowder — v;ho  never  v/ere  in  battle  and  did  not  suffer  any  v/ounds  in  de- 
fense of  the  nation.   The  maintenance  of  a  powerful  navy  also  involves 
great  e^rpense.  The  American  Havy  is  steadily  beinc  increased  and  is  bein^ 
better  armed  and  equipped.  Cur  shore  batteries  and  forts  are  also  beinc 
strencthoned  at  cr^'^t  cost. 


o 


one  -./hy  our 


e::*oenses 


are 


so  hure  in  the 


And  so  it  may  be  seen  hy   over;, 
maintenance  of  armed  peace.  A  nation  as  ;;oalthy  as  the  United  States  can 
afford  to  incur  such  expense  v;ithout  great  damage  to  itself,  but  other 
nations,  less  v;ealthy  and  not  so  fortunate,  v;ould  fall  into  debt  and  fi- 
r^ancial  ruin  if  they  v;ere  to  spend  so  luge  an  amount  to  maintain  amies  and 


G 


-  5  - 


Dzlermik  Zwiazkov;y,   Dec.   19,   1910. 


POLISH 


navies.   This  colossal  sum  v^oild  certainly  be  :nore  useful  if  it  were  diverted, 
for  exaraple,  to  educational  purposes,  to  old  a^^e  pe.isions,  to  retired  vvorkers, 
and  to  other  hoiaanitarian  purposes.  But  in  view  of  th::^  tact  that  today  the 
whole  world  stands  armea,  ana  nations  only  await  their  opportunity  to  steal 
property  and  liberty  froiii  otht^.r  m.tions,  /jnerijja  is  coi.ipelled  to  be  ariaed 
if  it  does  not  wish  to  lose  its  freedom  and  its  property.  And  yet  men  might 
get  along  without  grabbincj  tlu'   property  of  their  fellows  and  without  mur- 
dering one  another. 


T3 


POLISH 


I  G 


Dziennik  Z\Yia2ko^7y  Z,q:oda,   Aoril  7,    1903. 


THE  a::erica::  !'ERC}:a::t  !.:ari}:e 


It  is  rather  difficult  to  write  alDoi:t  something  that  is  not  there.   Prohahly  our 
readers  are  not  all  aware  of  the  fact  that  the  United  States,  a  country  that  feels 
great  pride   in  the  fa.ct  that  it  posseses  a  lar.-^e  and  completely  majined  and  trained 
"battle  lleeu,  owns  'orar^^icallv  no  nerchant  marine.   Alnost  all  the  j'erchanciise  of 
this  country,  that  ir  tr^sported  t'-^^rou/^-h  oiir  ports,  is  handled  by  ships  sailing 
under  foreign  fla.'^s.   In  times  of  peace,  it  is  very  costly,  in  tine  of  v^ar,  it  may 
result  in   -^reat  havoc,  because  then  it  will  be  alnost  impossible  to  hire  foreign 
ships,  at  ^tfiy   I'^rice,  but  of  the  37  shins  sup^lyinf^  coal  to  the  An.rican  fleet  on 
their  course  from  ocean  to  ocean,  only  nine  are  Arerican,  P7  are  foreign.   In  time 
of  war,  these  27  shiT)s  can  not  be  hired  to  coal  our  fleet,  International  Law  would 
forbid  their  use. 


Ja'oan  owns  550  steamers  which  are  fit  tec  to  trf\ns-nort  armies,  shoi:ld  the  er<^r^ency 
arise.  The  United  States  however,  does  not  even  own  five  shir^s.   j.ne  war  department 
claims,  that  v^e  would  require  238  steamers  to  transport  our  army  in  time  of  war;  but, 
at  that  critical  moment  of   all  the  AnericaJi  ships  that  are  found  at  hone  and  considered 
sea  worthy,  v/e  might  be  able  to  gather  and  fit  out,  at  the  most,  about  38,  The  United 
States  sDends  $100,000,000.,  annually,  for  the  building  of  a  merchant  m.arine,  which, 
in  theory  is  intended  to  safeguard  our  American  trade.   But  in  an   emergency,  the  19 
battleshir'S  now  on  the  Pacific,  would  be  defended  by  only  eight  American  merchant- 
ships. 


-p- 


Dzieniiik   Zwiazko^w  Z-roda,   Arril  7,    1903. 


POLISH 


Of  all  the  countries  which  are  actively  enga^^ed  in  politics  and  international  trade, 
only  the  United  States  and  Russia  are  without  merchant  marine  of  their  o^vn•   One  of 
the  reasons  advaxiced  for  nec^lectin?  oi:r  merchant  marine  is  the  hi^h  cost  of  con- 
struction in  this  country,  and  the  very  hic^h  duty  on  shirs  huilt  in  foreign  countries. 
Therefore,  American  trade  is  satisfied  to  hire  foreign  ships,  rather  than  to  invest 
in  the  building  of  their  o^vn  shiiDs. 

What-ever  the  reason  for  this  state  of  affairs,  matters  aot;  yet,  there  is  no  solid 
reason  Tvhy  it  should  continue;  and  the  fact  remains,  that  v.j  do  not  o\7n  our  shiDs, 
while  our  corr^etitors,  and  pos^^ible  adversaries,  do.   In  a  prosperous  land  like  ours, 
somethinj;::  is  wrong;  the  condition  is  abnormal  and  very  unhealthy. 


/ 


I  G 
I  C 
III  D 
III  A 


/ 


Karod  Folski,   Vol.    II,   IIo.  S7,   Sept.   14,    1898. 


LIST  US  COIIIT  OIT.  'JAISIORS 


POLISH,-..  ■' 
'  -,  mi 


^ 


-y 


The  American  ?i*otective  Association  (so  called  A«  ?•  A*s)  and  all  ot>:er  enemies 
are  constantly  coming'  out  as  our  foes. 


•     A 

/ 


In  time  of  war,  or  to  say  when  the  United  States  is  in  need,  it  is  shown  best 
who  truly  loves  his  new  country,  and  who  offers  his  blood  and  life  for  it. 

'^e  are  sure  that,  takinp;  into  consideration  the  nuinber  of  Poles  living  in  the 
United  States,  a  lar;:^e  proportion  of  tr.em  enlisted  perhaps  even  more  than  an^'' 
other  nationality. 

It  is  true  that  there  was  only  one  exclusively  Polish  coiipany,  and  that  was  from 
I.:ilwaukee,  (and  for  that  ''Hurrah  PHwaukeeJ")  but  i^any  Poles  cculd  be  found  sinp;ly 
and  in  small  numbers  in  many  re.'^^iments.  They  were  not  lacking  where  the  blood  was 
flowinf^  in  Santiago  and  in  I. Manila  —  and  also  in  hospitals,  bedridden  with  pain 
are  our  kind  and  the  Tany  new  :'rave£  and  plenty  of  older  ones  prove  that  Poles  are 
even  prepared  to  die  for  their  adopted  country  and  the  ;3lory  of  the  Stars  and 
Stripes. 

Unfortunately,  it  has  been  found  that  rrany  volunteers,  when  enlistin-  in  t'^-^  amy 
had  chanr^ed  their  names,  only  because  the  American  people  found  it  diffiou.t  to 


-2- 


Narod  Polski,  Vol.  II,  No.  37,  Sept.  14,  1898. 
pronounce  their  real  names. 


s    r 


c 


\   POLISFI 


They  have  done  wrong  because  you  shovild  never  be  ashairied  of  your  parental  and 
Polish  name  and  never  change  it.   They  not  only  harmed  themselves  but  all  the  Poles. 

Let  us  try  at  ones  to  compile  a  list  of  names  of  all  the  Poles  real  and  assunjed  who 
«rere  under  arms  in  the  late  war  —  and  in  due  time  we  will  have  a  leal  weapon 
against  the  "A.  P.  A's"  and  other  foes,  because  it  surely  will  show  that  the 
porcentar:e  of  Poles  in  proportion  to  their  total  population  was  very  large. 

We  expect  other  papers  to  support  us,  and  encougage  their  readers  to  cooperate  in 
collecting  the  names  of  all  our  .varriors. 

The  ^TTarod^*  will  -^ladly  publish  the  names  of  all  those  wlio  participated  in  the  war. 

Valiant  warriors,  give  us  your  nar^es,  your  regiment  and  the  company  with  which  you 
served. 


I  G 

I  D  1  a 


POLISH 


D-^iemiik  Chica--03lci,  May  19,  1397. 


'2:-:j:cation  politics 


(lilditorial) 

There  is  quite  a  n^Jinber  of  "'ould-be  politicians  and  patriots  in  v/hose  eyes 
the  appeal  of  the  President  for  '■•50,000  tov.^rd  the  relief  of  the  poor 
/jjTierican  citizens  in  Cuba  is  an  extremely  iiaportant  ic:o\Te.     Biey  are  of  the 
opinion  that  the  relief  agreed  ur^on  bv  re"nresen:.atives  and  senators  v^ill 
greatly  elevate  the  position  of  the  c^t^rs  and  Stripes  of  the  United  States  in 
the  eyes  of  the  Cubans,  ana  :vill  '..ell  prepare  thej.i  for  the  proposed  plans  of 
President  LIcKinley — that  is,  the  annexation  of  Cuba  and  ria'vaii. 

On  the  other  hand,  there  is  also  no  lack  of  pessimists  in  ./ashincton  v/ho  do 
not  paint  as  rosy  a  picture  as  the  former.   They  consider  the  allotment  of 
$50,000  for  the  poor  Americans  in  Cuba  as  nothing  but  humbug,  and  believe  the 
annexation  idea  disastrous  to  American  interests,  and  especially  annexation 
by  the  methods  proposed  in  the  Republican  platform. 


:30 


CZ3 


I  0 

I  D  1  a 


PCLI3E 


Dziennik  Ghica.-oski,  Kay  19,  1897 


Tliey  are  of  the  opinion  that  if  the  I^ational  Treasury  has  enough  money  to 
render  relief  to  Anericuiis  in  Cuba,  it  :.;ould  be  r.iore  advaitaceous  to  ^-:ive 
assistance  to  our  unerr.ployed  v/orkers,   7ne  so-called  .-jnerican  poor  in  Cuba 
are  such  in  name  only,  for  they  have  become  citizens  of  the  United  States  by 
pretext,   '.^.ey  are  nothing  more  than  cov/ardly  revolutionists  v;ho  fled  to 
Key  .Vest,  Florida,  prior  to  the  risin. ;,  took  out  citizenship  papers  and 
returned  to  Cuba,  only  to  agitate  anev;.  IIo/;  that  they  are  beinr;  pressed 
against  the  v;all  by  the  Spanish  Government  they  are  making-  pleas  to  Uncle  Sam 
for  help.  Such  people  are  no'thin.v^,  more  than  forei.'^ners  hiding  under  the  cloak 
of  american  citizenship. 

If  the  purpose  of  the  relief  is  to  create  enthusiasm,  among  the  Cubans  and 
sim-olifv  the  annexation  for  President  LcFdnley,  tiien  it  is  even  .vorse.  Such  a 
policy  v/ould  betray  a  lack  of  logic  on  the  r'art  of  President  :.:cKinley. 


3> 


O 


His  efforts  to  establish  protective  tariffs  has  as  i-:s  objective  the  better- 
ment of  our  industry,  especially  that  of  sugar  which  is  manufactured  from  beets 


I  Q 

I  D  1  a 


-  3  - 


Dziennlk  Chicagoski,  May  19,  1897* 


POLISH 


raised  by  our  fanners •  The  protective  policy  does  not  agree  with  the  policy 
of  annexation  of  Cuba  and  Eavvaii^  These  islands  produce  so  much  cheap  sugar 
from  sugar  cane  that  they  can  supply  the  needs  of  this  country*  The  millions 
of  dollars  invested  by  American  capital  in  the  sugar  beet  industry,  which 
produces  sugar  at  a  higher  cost,  would  be  jeopardized,  for  these  factories 
would  have  to  close. 


Under  such  circumstances  it  is  simple  to  understand  that  the  annexation  poli- 
cies of  President  McKinley^  relative  to  Cuba  and  Hav/aii,  cannot  be  considered. 
He  can  afford  to  be  liberal  with  the  people's  money  for  the  purpose  of  gaining 
popularity,  but  we  do  not  agree  that  he  should  step  into  international  poli- 
tics merely  because  a  group  of  would-be  politicians  and  patriots,  who  do  not  see 
farther  than  the  tip  of  their  nose,  favor  this  plan. 


Co 


I  G 
17 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Ghicagoski,  Sept.  28,  189o, 

POLES  FOR\:  COI^vIITT::iIE  TO  SUPPORT 
CUBAI.'  IHSURRECTIONISTS 


Yesterday  an  impoi-tant  meeting  of  the  coimittee   which  Is  planning  a  mass  meeting 
relative  to  a  sympathetic  demonstration  for  the  Cuban  insurrectionists  was  held 
in  the  afternoon.  The  results  of  this  session  indicate  that  the  proposed  demon- 
stration at  the  Central  Ilusic  Kail  will  attract  a  capacity  crowd  of  sympathizers. 

In  order  to  accomodate  all  who  may  wish  to  attend,  it  has  been  decided  to  hold  a 
similar  demonstration  at  the  Association  Hall.  The  only  difference  between  these 
two  affairs  will  be  that  different  officers  will  preside. 

Reservations  may  be  had  only  in  the  loge  section,  and  these  v/iil  be  available  at 
the  ticket  office  before  the  meeting. 

Comiaittees  of  different  nationalities  have  been  chosen  to  further  the  interest 
of  this  cause.  These  committees  will  co-operate  with  the  central  committee* 


-a 

IE* 


3 

CO 


I  G 
IV 


^  2  -- 


Dziennik  Chicagoski>  Sept*  28,  1395 • 


POLISH 


Three  such  groups  have  been  chosen:  nanely,  Armenian,  Irish  and  Polish. 


la 


.lembers  of  the  Polish  connittee  are:  E.  Z.   Brodowski,  Casimir  Zychlinski,  Peter 
Kiolbassa,  Max  L.  l^jaczraarek  /also  Kasitia^,  LI*  J.   Szameit,  A.  Blaszczynski , 
Sigmund  Schmidt,  7.   H.  Jablonski,  and  Joseph  Napieralski. 


o 


O 


VJl 


I   G 


i-OIIoII 


Jziennil:  Chic^.,303l:i,    June  15,    1893 


i.jLi'r.^^i3i:  u:  -Jirop. 


(Editorial) 


Today   is   elect  iorx  liciv   in  Gen  any. 


The  elections  v;ill   ciecide  ci   very  iriportant 
question,   naiaely:      '..ill  Oernan^^,   and  ;;itix  it,   all  the  other  powers  of  Jurope, 
continue  to  develop  i.iilitaristiCcilly ,   or  has  the  tii.ie  for  a  change  arrived? 
The   nuestion  whether  tnere  ;;ill  be    .jeace  or  war  in  ijurooe  rests  entirely 
v;ith  <:^riiiany. 


iraturall3'  enough,    if  Gerr.iany  ..ecides  to  reinforce   its  arriy,   other  nations, 
v/illinr  or  not,    v;ill  v/ant  to  follow  suit.      ,Aiaz  \';ill  followV      It   is  diffi- 
cult to  foresee  v;ith  accuracy.      It   is  certain  tjiat  a  European  war  would  be 
a  lesser  evil  than  a  \:.  ole  scries  of  revolutions  of  the  people  against 
governi.ients  that  arc  heaping  unheard-of  burdens  upon  then  as  the  price  of 
militarisn. 


.jid  these  burdens  are  indeed  onorrious.     ..  well-l:nown  political  journalist,  ^ 


p 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Cnicacoski,  June  lb,  1893. 


v;ho  writes  under  the  pseudon^ai  of  Jacques  bt.  Gere,  has  prepared  a  veiy  in- 
terestinc  table  shov;inr:  t.^e  .^-rovth  of  jiuropean  armies  froin  tiie  year  1869  to 
1892.  ixccordinr*,  to  tl.is  table,  xjuropean  amies  at  full  v;ar  strenp,th  in 
these  years  v;oula  be  as  follov;s:  /Table  oiiitted  by  translator^/ 

As  vjQ   can  see  froii  the  table,  -Europe  iiad  a  total  of  6,598,000  soldiers 
tv;enty-three  years  a(;,o.   Today  it  has  nore  thcUi  throe  tines  as  Liany — 
22,248,000.  ouch  rapid  ;-:rov.^h  in  so  short  a  tine  is  asto^onding.   Just 
as  eloquent  is  ti^e  table  v^.ich  3:_ovv's  expenditures  of  nations  for  nilitary 
purposes  over  the  sane  perioa  of  tine.  /Table  omitted  oy   translator_./ 

The  above  table  shov;s  that  the  -.uropean  nations  spent  lji.2o  i.iillion  francs 
(445  I.iillion  dollars)  for  military  purposes  in  1369,  vhiile  in  1892,  the 
sane  nations  spent  a  total  of  4069  million  francs  (813  million  dollars) 
or  twice  as  much — and  t.^is  v;as  not  enourii  for  some. 

Such  a  state  of  afi'airs  cannot  eicist  for  Ion,';,.  The  burden  of  taxes  carried 
by  the  subjects  of  these  ^^overnraents  is  enormous;  it  cannot  be  increased 


I  G 


-  3  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Chicagoski,  June  15,  1893. 

indefinitely,  althouch  each  government  seems  to  be  enga^^ed  in  an  indefinite 
increase  of  its  armies.  Is  there  a  way  out?  The  only  rational  escape  would 
be  a  general  disarmament;  which  the  Pope,  with  his  usual  sagacity,  suggests. 
But  the  great  powers  liave  no  intentions  of  disariiing,  and  the  smaller  nations 
must  keep  their  forces  on  a  v/artime  footing  for  their  ovm  safety.  In  such 
a  condition,  there  reirains  nothing  to  be  done,  perhaps,  except  a  cutting  of 
the  overstrained  strings  viith   the  sword.  Such  \/ill  be  the  consequences  as 
shown  by  the  figures  given  above,  in  spite  of  all  assurances  of  peace  by  the 
statesmen.   It  is  also  a  result  of  the  grovrbh  of  German  rdlitarism,  the  fate 
of  which  will  be  decided  in  today* s  elections. 


V  V-.,, 


I  G 


POLISH 


Jzieiinik  Ghicr.CQ^'^^ii    Jan.    6,    1891. 
TK2  PRJSS  CRITICI2:::;3  TIi::  UIIIT^D  3T.-T^o  GQY.^^^Zim  FOR 

LiisTR^:. -TI.SUT  0?  Tii::  Ai^uRic.::  iidijuIS 

(Editorial) 

The  United  Stcites  Government  has  *  Ben  criticized  very  severely  by  the  European 
and  ;imerican  press  for  its  nistreatnent  of  the  .anerican  Indians.  There  are  in- 
dications that  Uncle  San  has  discredited  himself  by  his  inglorious  xvar  \vith  the 
Indians.  Did  Uncle  Sam,  in  realit^^*,  cunnin£;ly  bait  the  Indians  into  v/ar  so  as 
to  get  rid  of  his  red-skinned  children,  as  is  maintained  by  malicious  persons? 
IIol  Fortunately,  it  is  not  as  bad  as  that.  The  United  States  Government  has 
not  committed  infaruous  acts,  but  there  is  ao  doubt  that  it  lost  its  respect  on 
account  of  the  lack  of  tact  displayed  by  covernrr.ent  agents  at  the  Indian  reser- 
vation camBS. 


It  does  not  make  much  difference  to  the  Indians  v/hether  the  government  of  the 
pale  faces  has  disgraced  itself  or  merely  lost  its  respect.  The  result  is  the 
same.  It  plunged  them  into  despair.  .;hen  they  took  up  their  v/eapons,  after 
being  provoked  and  because  they  did  not  \vant  to  submit  themselves  to  mistreat- 
ment and  unmerciful  beatings,  the  pale  faces  began  to  kill  the  old  masters  of 
this  land,  the  rightful  oivners  of  these  territories. 


I  g 

I  F  6 

I  F  3 


_  O   ^ 


POLISH 


Dziennik:  Ohicagoski,  Jan.  6,  1891. 


It  nay  be  said,  however,  that  the  United  States  is  guilty  of  not  vratching 
the  fingers  of  the  f-o^'-ernment  agents  at  the  Indian  reservation  camps,  and 
these  fingers  v:ere,  indeed,  very  long.  Tliey  grabbed  v:hatever  v;as  possible  at 
every  opportunity,  and  regardless  of  means.  Tliese  agent -^  v;ere  appointed  for 
only  four  years;  honce,  they  tried  to  make  it  as  profitable  as  possible  and, 
a§  the  control  v;as  not  strict,  they  specul- ted  vjith  supplies  nd  rations  en- 
trusted to  them.  This  v/as  done  is  such  a  way  that  it  v^as  a  source  of  good 
income  at  the  expense  of  the  Indians.  The  Indian?  v;ere  driven  not  only  to 
despair,  but  almost  to  m^.dness,  and  on  account  of  this,  a  v/ar  .'^.gainst  the 
Indians  7;as  fought  vrhich  blackened  the  good  reputation  of  the  United  States. 

In  this  particular  instance  the  deficiency  of  our  institutions  is  manifested 
more  clearly  than  in  thousands  of  other  cases  to  -..hicli,  because  of  being  so 
common  and  familiar  to  us  every  day,  vie   do  not  pay  any  attention. 

There  v;ill  be  no  order  as  long  as  our  public  offices  (which  ought  to  be  filled 
by  men  of  not  only  unquestionable  integrity  "but  of  great  ability  f:nd  long  ex- 
perience) are  filled  by  men  -vho  have  nothing  behind  them  but  a  political  career^ 


1 

4 


I  G 

ire 

I  F  3 


-  3  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Chicagoski,  Jan.  6,  189.1  • 


All  public  offices,  especially  the  higher  ones,  should  be  entrusted  to  per- 
sons v/ith  the  proper  qualifications,  who  have  passed  an  examination,  and 
who  have  a  good  record.  This  is  practiced  not  only  in  all  civilized  coun- 
tries, but  also  in  those  which  are  considered  uncivilized,  as  China. 

No  one  has  a  right  to  maintain  that  it  is  impossible  to  establish  order  in 
a  republic  v;here  the  highest  offices,  that  is,  those  of  the  President  and 
the  Cabinet  members,  must  be  changed  every  four  years.  '.There  there  exists 
a  civil  service  system,  there  exists  u  good  foundation  vjhich,  v;ith  good 
v;ill,  can  be  further  developed  -e^rA   gradually  adopted  everj'v/here. 

This  is  the  time  for  establishing  order  in  the  Republic  of  the  republics, 
v/hich  is  proud  of  having  model  institutions.  It  would  save  the  United 
States  many  losses  and  many  huiailiations.  Liuch  water  vrill  have  to  flovj 
dovjn  the  rivers  before  this  will  be  accomplished.   In  the  ^leantime,  the 
redskins  m;:iy  be  entirely  exterminated.  Today's  telegraphic  dispatches 
brought  news  of  stubborn  fighting  v;ith  the  Indians,  and  rumors  are  being 
spread  that  General  I.iills  has  been  killed.  It  v/ould  be  a  great  pity  to 
lose  this  man,  who  would  rather  appocse  the  Indians,  without  bloodshed 
and  r±io  might  have  been  able  to  save  the  honor  of  the  country. 


I.  ATTITUDES 

H.  Social 

Problems  and  Social  Legislation 


2: 


I  H 


Dzierm i'lC  Z.i eclnoc zeni a ,    Oct,   25,   1928. 


rn     rn  p    ' 


'  — 


'    !> 


(Auditorial) 

Llalanc:  artificial  flowers,  clothin-  for  doll3,  3trincinc  pearls  and  putting 
safety  pins  on  cardo,  are  just  a  rev;  of  the   fifty  variou.s  jobs  youn,£:  children 
are  c'iven  as  re,'::ular  eMplc:,T;ient,  according  to  the  latest  report  of  the   federal 
Ghildron^s  Bureau  ;jhicli  conducted  a  special  investigation  o-r   industrial  v^ork 
-^-rforned  in  the  hones,  in  the  state  of  ITev;  Jersey.  Tnis  investigation  v;as 
conducted  in  the  follovring  cities  of  the  sti.te  of  I'.e-:  Jersey:  i:ev/ark,  ratterson, 
north  Bergen,  Jouth  River,  Jayreville,  Ilarjnonton,  and  Vineland* 

V/ith  hor:ie  enplo^i.ient  it  is  very  easy  to  use  children  -md  it  is  one  of  the  nain 
characteristics  of  hone  industries,  that  parents  are  inclined  to  harness  the 
young  nembers  of  their  fanilies  to  v;or::  cf   such  nature  as  v/as  nentioned  above* 
Is  an  ex^Aiaple  I  v;ill  cite  a  fanily  vdiich  v/as  visited  b;^  an  investigator  of  the 
Children's  Bureau*  Three  children  at  the  ages  of  nine,  four  and  three  v;ere  found 

opening  safety  pins,  and  tv;o  others,  ages  ten  and  eleven,  pinning  then  on  cards; 
their  grcndiaother  and  aunt  v;ere  assisting  then* 


mi«p?TT-T-r" 


/  V 


Dziennik 


jedriocr.enia,   let.    ::o,    11)^38. 


V 

s 


r'  \ 


■V 


V 


This  investigation     as   conducted  for  the  benefit  of   children  v:ho  hud  not  yet 
r.i.ched  their  sixteenth  birtliday*      It  v;as   discovered  thr.t   eleven  hundred 
a:id  thirty-one  uere  hein-  U::ed  in  hone  v:ork!    aT/jro::iri:itelv  one-fourth  hid 
not  yet  reachod  their  tenth  birthday,    ijid  one-fifth  \;ere  past  their  four- 
teenth birthday;   nineteen  of   these   c:\ildrcn  v;ere   just   sin  years   old,    :inci 
si::  of  tlien  vrere  even  voun'^er. 


In  this  hoine  v;orh,    boys  as  veil   •: .,   rirls  are   enployed,   but  the  numbe'    of 
boys  doinf  this  v.ork  is  usually  srualler  thrm  that  of  the  cirls;   the  latter, 
ho'vever,    are  y:;unrer. 


';hy  does   the   state  of  hev;  Cersey  conchict  ho;\i8  ^"orr:  on  sucli  a  vust 


scale? 


This  my  be  e:quained  in  the  folicvinr  :n:^.nner:      This   state   is   locc.ted  near 
hev;  York  and  Ihilr  del2)hi^: ,   -aicre  a  yreat  ::nny  industries   e:;iploy  hone  v:orhers 
in  1- rne  nur.ibcrs. 


The  state  of  I'ev;  York  ijid  1  ennsylvr-mia  have  a  special  la^':  'vhich  coes  not 
perriit  manufacturers,    of  these  states  to  enploy  children  for  factory  or 
hoine  -vork,    and  those  viola^iny  this  l-.v;  ure   liable   to     unishinent.     A  siuilar 


L 


3 


?'^icnnik     j'cdrLccroniri,   Cct»    ''5,    l^/'iS. 


rCl.I.;]: 


z'  •« 


/  ^ 

t 


iavj  in  I^ev  ^ 'rsey  does 


r-vent   chiidr.n  frun  doinr:  iiidustrici  v/crl-: 

:  '.Tid  .enns^'iVc.nia  ser.d  their 


at  Lone.      ..Ly  do  i.ianufacturer^   of  --e-.    lor;: 
v/orl:  to  honec   in  I'cv;  Jersey"      lecause  very   seldoin  are  they  held  responsible 
b;'   the   state  or  l^ev.^  ^'orsey^    v.nci  az   tlie   s.me   ti:.:e  they  are   escapinc  the 
la'.'S   enforced  by  their  o^.vn  states. 

l..any  industrial  branches,   usiny  ho::ic  v:or-.crs   esi:ecially  the  tailoring   in- 

eiriplcy  I'orty-fcur  yei-cent   or  the   children,    .  hich  usually  go  over,    by 


Qustry, 


ce:-tain  periods  of  sta^iiation,    fallinr;   in  the  surL::er  rionths.     The  result 
is,  as  ^:as  proven  hy  the  investigation,    that  i.:orc   children  ^;ere   eirr-uoyed  in 
hoi.ie  v;orh  of  this  nature   in  the   school  period,   tiian  durinp  vacation. 


-  \ 


hevertheless,  the  ro^ulcr  use  of  children  in  this  :orh  depends  chiefly,  on 
ho\j   often  the  manufacturers  send  v.orn  to  their  homes;  ho-.:ever,  even  in  the 
school  period,  a  majority  oi'  he  children  '..or]:  frori  t:;o  to  three  hours  a 
day,  and  a  certain  nuuber  between  three  and  four  hours  a  day,  if  they  h/^ve 
sufficient  ::a.terial.  7or  rnany  of  ti.e...  this  Meant  the  practice  of  niyht 
v;orh.  yroi:  a  nu2^iber  of  one  thous-.nd  -nd  thirty-three  children,  v  ho  vera 
occU;Ucd  in  ^  orh  of  this  n;.ture  din*in'-  the  school  ^)eriods  forty-si::  per- 
cent  usually  vrorh  after  sup^.ei";  ohe  :;i-ijority  of  Jieii  vorh  tv:o  hours  a  day. 


^^1 


/L 


FCLISII 


;r.ie!ini':  ..iecjioczeriia,    Lct. 


1  '-■■•^ 


/  ^ 


^ 


end  the  iiinoilt:' 
'.orl:  Icnrer  than 


froM  three  to  five  huurc  :.:  da^;.  'HiO  older  children 


th 


v'^-' 


e   ^ 


y.unrcr. 


v/ 


?roi:i  a  nu::iber  0:^;'   :  i:.  hu:.dr^..d  •iixd   t'.  ent^'-ci.'ht  fa..iilios   investif^ated, 
iii^ijcrity  o:::<l-.i::Gd,    th:\t    it   is   ..eceGc:..:*;'  :*or  thei::     o  do  hone  'vorh,    b 


because 
hunured  i.nd  seventy-five  faniilies, 
ver  one  h:.lf  :i.L  :;roor  ol  other  \:^.v:.  beride   t;:.o  hone  :;orh;    their  earnings 


of  xinanciaii.  need,      hrcn  ••  nui.iber  ci 


-J  UJ. 


:ere  one  thousand  four  Iiunarr^d  -.n 


j^  -.  X   ^  . 


collars  annually.  lut  this  aorh 


.  v^  X  o  c^  i_  '_/•       kj  X  ^  v^'       X  i. .  ^ 


O 


f   a  r;...:ily,      'Fro:::  a  nu..:ber  of  three  hundred 


^  O  Cy  C*      j.^v-'  O        X.. 

ana   thirty-four  families,   "lio  ]:eep   a  r:.;;ul   r  account  cf   inco:.:e  derived 
fro..i  this   source  oi'  :  orh,    over  one  h^-lf  h:.  a  an   incoiie  of   o^l^o  hunared 
dollars   a  year. 


..anufacturers      ^.sin;:  hone  aorh  in  the  state  o 
iiajority  of   iroi^ijrant  fa:;:ilies. 


X 


"•ev-  xj  erse^.    recruxus 


cl 


e  rc:.d   in  the  raort  of  the   Jhiadren 
can  e:.;-ily   secure  hone   on*:lo*a.ient: 


I  '.  5 


s  ..ureau 

t   is   nor 


:o}:Lan 


r-- 


'^That  .;n  iiii;;i'^rant 
in  that  aav  she  does  not 


have  to  coi.ie  in  ontact  aith  those  '-.ho  as  not  understand  her  lanr*uace  ^:ind 
hobits.  haturally  she  '.'elGoi.ies  the  opportunity  of  securinf:  such  oiiiploynont , 


r-^   •>     ^-^  %o  V^    •' 


>^  V^  J.  >.  V 


be  Ly  VGiy  i;:uch.  .Jid  ■.•.r.or.  ::l:e 
socne:^  o:*  l-,tcr  :.1lJ  ■'ill  '  cji:: 
the  fariil:'/* 


y       ^^'^-'^0 


•-:.c,    even  tiioufh  it  :. 


/  < 


A:-:. 


s\-    W 


a.  ■ 


D..CC    oa-:es  uv    LniG   ;  or.: 


itIiGUt 


r-:7  not 

uOU  ijt  I 
Of 


V 


.^ 


The   opinion  of  the  fathorc  dii'f er:^   in  ror-rd   to   this  hone  ciTiplojniont; 
G0..Le  are   dicacticf iod  •  nd   coi:rlain;    in  i.rn;-   caces   thoy  curse  because  of 
such   srn.ll   earnin:*  ccrived  fro:.:  thi^  :xr::;    also   it   hceps   thci:  frc:^ 
visiting  friends,    as   the:-  cannot   xoavs  ta:.  ho:':e  that  h:  s  been  turned 
into  a  factor;-.     Ctheri^^hoa-ever,    •..roc  -Ith  the  ".'ivos  and  oncouia^^c 
tiien  to   contt::u^"^   in  tliis    'orh,    because  t:..e':  sec  iiid  o  a^ortunit^"  of 
cleriviii'*  an  inco:i:0  foi'  the  u^"aeen   a:    the  family. 


-  *-  ^-^  .iM 


POLISH 


I  H 


I  A  1  a 

III  G 


Dziennik  Zjednoczenia,  Ser>t,  2,  1927. 
CHILD  LABOR  IIT  THE  milTED  STATUS   ^'^'^  ^■''"^'^  ^^^   '' 


Every  state  has  laws  re^latin^^  child  labor.   These  lav/s  aim  to  restrict 
children  fro'-^  indi:strial  l.-hor,   VHien  enrloyed  at  an  early  age,  they  are 
deToreived  of  the  education  to  which  they  are  ri^-htfiilly  entitled,  preventing 
therr.  from  taking  their  "olace  in  life.   Children  forced  to  labor  when  too 
young,  do  not  hp.ve  an  onr^ortunity  of  develor^incr  their  talents;  they  are  never 
given  a  chance  to  fit  themselves  for  occunations  to  which  they  are  best  suited. 
Such  r)ersons  are  doon^ed  to  a  life  of  suffering  and  dradgery.   Their  earnings 
are  usually  very  snail,  therefore  they  are  of  little  finaiicial  assistance  to 
the  family.  Biit  a  child*  s  earning  capacity  is  increased  witli  every  year  it 
soends  in  school  and  its  chances  for  success  in  life  are  enhanced;  and  an 
edi:cation  in  the  United  States  can  be  obtained  almost  v/itViout  cost. 

According  to  the  immigration  laws,  any  one  entering  this  country,  when  less 
than  sixteen  years  old,  m.ust  attend  school  until  sixteen  years  of  a,ge.   This 
apT)lies  to  the  native  born  as  well  as  immigrants.   The  states  have  similar 
laws.   In  California,  Illinoist  I'assachusetts,  I-ichin-an,  New  Jersey,  I'ew  York, 
and  Pennsylvania,  the  law  stimulates  that  no  one  under  sixteen  years  shall  be 
employed  in  industry,  unless  they  have  a  special  emr.loyment  certificate. 
However,  this  does  not  ennly   to  \^oun:'^sters  on  the  farms,  or  those  emvdoyed 
as  domestics. 


POLISH 


I   K 

I  A  1  a 

III   G 


-?^ 


Dsiennik  Z.ipdnoczenia,    ^ent,    3,    1927. 


V 


^_,)FROJ.  30271 


No  one  uiK'f^r  fourteen  or  fifteen  year<3  of  ar'^e  can  obtain  ernriloy-.ent  in  the 
state  of  California  and  !^ichi.Taji;  t'^ey  m^j.s^t  be  -at  least  fifteen  years  old. 
Also  those  ^vho  hnve  att-^in^d  the  -^^{^e  of  foiirteen  or  fifteen  years,  bi;t  have 
not  reached  a  sr^ecified  "-rarie  in  school,  are  prohibited  fron  working.   For 
instance:  California  cier^ands  that  they  finish  the  seventh  f?rrade,  at  least; 
Few  Jersey  insir.ts  ^-^ly   on  the  fifth  -rad»=;  in  t'-^e  other  five  states, 
mentioned  above,  the  sixth  .^rade  is  reouired.   In  the  state  of  New  York,  a 
child  not  fifteen  years  old,  will  not  be  permitted  to  labor  in  an  industrial 
establishment,  if  hp  or  she  hcas  not  con'^i  eted  the  ei<?rhth  prrade,  Usuall^^,  a 
pur)il  advajices  one  jf^rade  a  year,  or  six  gr-^r.es  in  six  years.   I.'any  who  are 
backward  study  eight  ^-^ears  to  attain  the  sixth  -^rade. 

Those  not  sixteen  years  of  age,  must  submit  to  a  ^^hysical  examination,  and  a 
doctor  dia^moses  their  -physical  condition  before  they  can  hooe  to  receive 
■^-^ermission  to  go  to  v/ork.   In  the  State  of  I'ichif^-an  they  do  not  alv/ays  demand 
a  medical  examination.  Anyone  less  theji   sixteen  years  old  cannot  be  employed 
at  ni.^it  work,  altliou-.^h  I'ew  York  and  !'ichi^;:an,  under  certain  conditions  and 
exceotions,  oermit  it.   In  the  states  of  California,  Illinois,  ? Massachusetts, 
Hew  Jersey,  and  iiew  York,  those  underlS  are  allowed  to  v;ork  only  8  hours  a  day. 
The  State  of  I/ichi^an  stimulates  a  ten  hour-day,  and  Pennsylvania  nine  hours. 


POLISH 


I  H 


Dziennik  /Sjednoczenia,   June  18,    1927 


miFAIR  AJrTI-CHILD  LABOR  LA;'7S 


(Editorial) 


y 


The  states  of  New  York,  './isconsin  and  llew  Jersey,  shoula  be  congratulated  for 
adootin.-"  lav/s,  intended  for  the  sole  Dunoose  of  protecting  minors  engaged  in 
industry.  There  has  been  nothing  done,  however,  by  any  other  state  in  the  union, 
toward  the  -protection  of  those  youn^:  "peomle  who  v/ere  vie  tins  of  accidents,  while 
engaged  at  work.   It  is  de-olorable,  that  ir.  this  denocratic  country,  only  three 
states  h'^ve  comoensation  l-^-v/s  to  reinbur^-e  employees  who  are  mere  children,  and 
who  have  become  crir)T^led  or  maimed  while  em.riloyed;  the  rest  of  the  states  do  not 
concern  themselves  with  enr-loyees. 

One  of  a  group  of  sixteen  states,  where  minors  are  employed  illegally  is  the  state 
of  Pennsylvania;  here  these  enioloyees  have  no  legal  r)rotection  against  injuries 
received  while  engaged  in  this  illegal  occupation.   Bearing  this  in  mind,  we  must 
remember  that  Fenni^ylvania  holds  second  lolace  in  the  rajiks  of  unions  affiliated  with 
the  American  Federation  of  Labor.   *.Ve  wish  to  call  your  attention  to  the  following 
examiole  of  the  liability  assumed  by  emnloyers  in  the  state  of  Pennsylvania:   As  a 
result  of  one  accident,  which  cost  the  life  of  two  employees  who  were  minors,  the 
firm  v/as  brought  before  the  court  charged  vdth  gross  negligence,  and  fined  twenty- 
aollars  and  court  costs  amounting  to  ten  dollars  and  sixty  cents. 


-2- 


POLISH. 


Dziennik  Zjednoczenia,  June  18,  1927, 


-r 

*<;, 

o 

C  V 

i 

vf/.. 

o  J 

In  another  case,  three  boys,  ages  ranging  from  thirteen,  to  fifteen,  two  of  which 
suffered  severe  injuries,  while  the  third,  a  fifteen  year  old  chap  lost  his  life. 
In  this  case  the  employer  was  fined  fifteen  dollars.  Therefore,  if  existing 
compensation  laws  do  not  include  the  liability  for  accidents,  which  cause  injury, 
or  the  death  of  minors,  they  are  of  no  avail. 

All  states,  in  the  United  States  save  five,  (Arkansas,  Florida,  North  and  South 
Carolina  and  Mississipi),  have  compensation  laws  which  protect  adult  employees  against 
injury  or  death,  while  engaged  at  work.  This  type  of  law  certainly  is  necessary  for 
the  protection  of  employees  who  are  minors  and  have  more  at  stake,  principally  a 
longer  life.  Let  us  assume,  that  a  fifteen-year  old  boy  is  crippled;  he  receives 
compensation  for  ten  years,  or  xintil  he  is  twenty-five,  then  payments  cease  and  he 
is  without  either,  the  means  or  ability  to  earn  a  livelihood.  We  were  of  the  opinion, 
in  the  past,  that  the  law  was  in  favor  of  decisions  upholding  cases  involving  the 
extent  of  liability.  This  is  somewhat  contrary  to  the  following  example. 

In  one  of  the  factories  in  Connecticut  a  fifteen-year  old  boy,  lost  both  arms  in  an 
accident  which  was  the  result  of  gross  negligence  on  the  part  of  his  supervisor.  For 
a  period  of  ten  years  he  received  a  compensation  of  six  dollars  and  fifty  cents  a 
week,  which  was  equivalent  to  one  half  of  his  salaury,  and  as  required  by  law.  But 
in   a  few  months  even  this  small  compensation  will  cease,  and  he  will  be,  for  the 
rest  of  his  life  a  ward  of  charity. 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Z jednoczenia^  Vol.  XXVI,  No*   39,   Feb.   16,   1922. 

RECOIJFEISE  TO  FCBlJR  SOLDIERS    II;   TIiE  WORLD  ;VAR 

During   the  V/orld  iVar  the  recruit  in  the   United  States  was   dravm  to  fight 
agair^t   the   greatest   foe   of  huii;anity,   the  Prussian.   During   the  recruiting, 
a   soleinn  promise  was  ns-de  about  taking   care  of  the   families  of  the  killed, 
disabled  and,    in  tur:',   it  v:(  s  promiGed  that  a  bonus  •y^X)uld  be   faid  to  all 
soldiers.   Terribly   disappointed  v/ere   our  brave  soldiers,  who  in  defense 
of  the  most  sacred  ideals,   laid   dowti  on  the   el  tar   of  that   great  ideal 
their  blood  and   lives  because   they  vrere  being  denied  their  pronised  bonus. 

Do  v/e  not  owe  a  better  recompense  than  we   hs.ve   so   far  av/arded  to  those 
wliO  have  suilt  blood  for    our   cause? 


Every  Pole  v;ill  understand  that   the    soldier  who  fought  for   the  liberation 
of  oppressed  nations   is  worthy  of  a   great   reward.   Each   of  us   can  under- 
stand tliat  during   the  war  he  suffered  privation,  while  over  here  many 
lived   in  affluence.   The  soldier  each  day  was  e>q;osed  to  death  or   injury 
and   for  this  he   only  received  ^ZO  per  month,  vyriile  very  many  of  those 
w^io  remained   in  America  earned  as  high  as  $30  per  day. 


V" 


I  H 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


i 


I 


Dziennik  Zjednoczenia^  Vol*  XXVI,  JMo*  39,  Feb,  16,  1922 • 


Let  Us  Sign  a  Petition* 

The  soldiers  do  not  request  noney  from  us,  but  they  ask  for  the  promised 
bonus,  which  has  been  doing-  penance  for  two  years  in  Congress.  Let  everj?- 
citizen  of  Polish  extraction  sign  the  petition  placed  belov/,  and  Congress 
vj-ill  be  compelled  to  tal:e  care  of  this  matter  as  soon  as  possible.  If 
the  treasury  of  the  goverrjnent  has  no  money,  as  the  politicians  exjjlain, 
then  funds  can  be  dravm  from  a  general  sales  tax  in  a  very  moderate 
degree. 


VYe  are  opposed  to  heavy  taxes,  but  a  small  sales  tax  can  be  levied  and 
a  bonus  can  be  found  from  that  for  the  heroes  of  the  lYorld  War.  Sign 
the  petition  and  send  it  to  the  editorial  office  of  the  Polish  Union 
Daily  •  V/e  v/ill  see  to  it  that  it  gets  into  tie  proper  hands. 

To  Congress  For  Action  on  Soldiers'  Bonus,  ViTith  Sales  Tax  for  Paying  It# 


T/e  respectfully  petition  Congress  to  pass  the  soldiers*  bonus  act  without 


—  "^  - 

••  v»  " 


POLISH 


,  / 


Dziennik  Zjednoczenia^  Vol.  XXVI,  ho.   59,  Feb.  16,  1922. 

further  delay  and  also  to  lev^^  a  sales  tax  to  obtain  the  Hioney  to  pay 
the  bonus,  for  the  follovdng  reasons: 

First*  Public  opinion  throughout  the  United  States  is  undeniably  in 
favor  of  the  soldiers'  bonus,  as  s?iOv;n  by  the  decisive  majority  in 
every  state  in  w-hich  a  popular  referenduTii  has  been  taken:  in  Maine, 
by  3  to  1;  heyi   Jersey,  by  3-1/2  to  1;  l.ew  York,  nearly  2  to  1;  Rhode 
Island,  8  to  1;  V/iscorjsin,  3  to  1;  Oregon,  2  to  1;  '.Yashington,  2-1/2 
to  1,  and  so  on. 

Second.  A'e  believe  that  Congress,  if  permitted  to  vote  on  the  soldiers' 
bonus  will  favor  it  v;ith  even  greater  unanimity,  regardless  of  party, 
than  the  popular  majority  by  which  the  people  in  twenty-t-A'-o  states  have 
already  approved  it;  we  believe  that  the  soldiers'  bonus  cannot  and 
ought  not  to  be  defeated  and  the  lon^-er  it  is  posti^oned  the  fcreater 
the  injustice. 


Third,  rie   believe  the  nev/  tax  scheme  proposed  by  the  v;ays  and  means 
coDiiittee  is  only  a  little  less  objectionable  than  Secretary  Mellon' s 


-  4   - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zjednoczenia,  Vol.  XIC'I,  No.   39,   Feb.   IG,   192 


proposal  for  3-cent   posta^ie  and   for   a  new  3  cents  a  gallon  tax  on 
gasoline.  Proponents  of  such  taxes   oppose  any  soldiers'   bonus  whatever 
and  hope,  by  linking  it  with  such  new  destructive  arid   unpopular  taxes, 
to  kill  the   proposition  altogether. 

Fourth.   If  the  soldiers'   bonus    is  not  only  right,   but   inevitable,  and 
if  the  United  States  is  not  to  lag  behind   England,   France,    Italy, 
Canada,   and  Australia,  which  have  already  paid   liberal   soldiers'   bonuses, 
then  our  debt  pajinent   is  alro^Iy  long  ovcriue,  not  as  a   debt,   for  our 
debt  to  the   soldiers   can  never  be  paid,   but   as  a  just    briouto  to   the 
valor  and  trie   sacrifice   of  trie   men  v/ao  v^n  tlie  vmr. 


Fifth.   The  only  question  that   remains  is:    By  ^viiat   system  of  taxation 
shall  the  money  be  raised?    'lot  by  bond   issues,    because   it   is    against 
the   traditional   policy  of    the  United  3t?.ites  to   increase   debts  in   time 
of  peace.   Hot  by  any  taxes   irritating  business  or   industry,   because 
we  already  have  too  many  such  taxes.  A   small   general   stiles   tax  will 
raise  more  than  enough  to  pay  the   soldiers'   bonus.    It  will  bear  heavily 


« 


-   5  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Z jednoczenia.  Vol.   XXVI,   No.   39,  Feb.   I'o,   1922. 

upon  no  one.   If  the  experience  of  Canada  and  our  ovm  Philippine  Islands, 
where  the   sales   tax  is  in  operation,   is  repented,   the    syste:n  will  meet 
with   such  favor  that   it  vail  becorie  one   of  the  approved  methods   of 
raising  necesrary  revenue  after  the  soldiers'   "bonus    has  been  paid. 


-.^ 


« 


Sign     liere 


Name 


Address 


I  H 
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POLISH 


Dzieiinik  Zviazkowy,  June  30,  1917. 

POLISH  ClIILBKS:^:  IN  JUVEr;iL2  DETEIfflON  HOMC  L.CK  C.J^.E 
Dzleiinik:  Zvilazkowy  Reporter  Investigates  Conditions 


Despite  great  dii'f iculties  in  ^^aininr  entrance,  a  Dziennik  Zwiazkovjy  reporter 
visited  the  Chica^^o  Juvenile  Detention  Home  on  Gilpin  Street  yesterday,  with 
the  purpose  of  investigating  conditions  and  determining  whether  the  unsavory 
rumors  that  have  been  circulating  are  true.  He  v;as  r^iven  permission  to  visit 
all  the  rooms  anu  departments  iu  which   the  children  are  kept. 

Rumors  of  scandalously  poor  conditions  in  the  Detention  Home  that  have  been 
circulated  continuously  in  recent  times,  as  well  as  rumors  that  there  are  a 
great  many  Polish  children  detained  at  the  institution  who  are  not  receiving 
the  proper  care,  caused  Dziennik  Zvaazkowy,  v-hich  always  stands  ready  to 
guard  the  interests  of  the  Polish  people,  to  send  its  representative  to  in- 
vestigate the  matter  at  first  hand,  ano  to  share  the  results  of  his  investi- 
gation with  the  readers  of  this  paper. 


■-U 


en 


-  2   - 


DzieanJK:  Zwieizlcovvy,   Jun^  30,    1917. 


POLISH 


Gaining  entrance  to  the  Detention  lione  v;as  not  exactly  a  siinpie 
matter,  for  its  superintendent,  I«lrs.  June  Gurohiel,  objects  on  principle 
to  any  visitors,  especitilly  represent'itives  of  the  press,  to  this  sole 
Children's  home  of  its  kind  in  the  city  of  Chicago,  and  so  all  Kinds  of 
means  had  to  be  adopted  in  order  to  enter. 

The  Chicago  Juvenile  Deteutica  iiome  is  located  near  Halsted  ana  Polk  Streets, 
in  a  part  of  the  city  inhabited  uostly  by  Creeks,  Italians,  Negroes,  and  a 
few  other  ntLtionL-lities.   It  can  be  distinguished  from  afar  because  of  its 
dominating  appearance.  Ihe  three-story  red  brick  building  cannot  fail  to 
be  noticed  by  passers-by. 


-o 


-• — 1 


CO 

« J 


'^pon  entrance  into  a  small  vestibule,  I  noticed  the  iron  bars  all  around  me. 
Even  the  door  to  the  office  of  the  superintendent,  ilrs.  Guild,  JJ\£f ,   is 
nothing  more  than  an  iron  grillwork,  opened  by  pushing:  an  electric  sTft-itch. 


''Mrs.  Guild  gives  the  iiapression  of  being  an  old  maid.   -Vhen  I  told  her  the 


I  H 


•  3  - 


POLISH 


Dzieimik  Zwiazkov.y,  June  50,  1917. 


I  B  3  b 

II  S  3 
I  M 

object  of  my   visit,  she  received  me  courteously  and  agreed  to  give 
me  the  information  I  desired,  ana  to  conduct  me  through  the  building. 


-t3 


♦♦•To  begin  v.ith,'  she  said,  'the  account  published  in  the  Herald  and  Examiner 
is  basically  false.  The  reporter  was  heie  only  a  :'ev;  minutes  and  did  not 
have  time  to  go  through  the  building.* 

^Uts.   Guild  ansv,ered  my  questions  \\ith  more  or  less  willingness. 

"•v:e  always  have  plenty  or  children  here,'  she  said.   'The  actual  number 
changes  often.  At  present,  we  have  118,  but  there  have  been  days  when  we 
had  140  and  more  cnildren.* 


T) 


:a2 


t^ 


♦♦'I  would  like  to  know  sometliing  about  the  polish  children  here,'  said  I, 
♦for  it  is  they  who  concern  me  most.  Hov^.  many  of  them  are  there  here,  what 
are  their  ages,  and  v^hat  are  their  offenses?' 


-   4   - 


Dziennik  ZvaazJcovvy,   June  30,   1917. 


POLISH 


"*I  do  not  icnov;  exactly  how  many  Polish  children  ;ve  have.  From 
previous  experience,  hovjever,  I  Kno\v  ohat  a  third  of  the  children  here  are 
Polish.  I'-e   have  ehilaren  here  vvho  are  two  years  old  and  younger,  and  v;e 
have  seventeen-year-olds.  The  children  here  are  divided  into  two  croups — 
those  v-ho  have  been  arrested  by  the  police  for  various  offenses,  often 
criminal,  and  those  who  are  here  through  the  fault  of  their  parents.  The 
parents  may  be  separated,  or  suing  for  divorce,  or  are  in  some  way  miscon- 
ducting themselves  so  that  the  law  deems  it  proper  to  place  their  children 
in  our  custody.   Theii  stay  here  may  be  anywhere  from  two  hours  or  less  to 
two  months . ^ 


-T5 


CO 


"Upon  instruction  from  the  superintendent,  the  'housekeeper,*  LCrs.  vV.  Geluir, 
a  woman  of  enormous  proportions,  and  about  fifty  years  old. ...  conducted  me 
through  the  building.   I  was  taken  throUp;h  the  dormitories,  the  washrooms, 
the  dining  halls,  the  kitchen,  the  ^^mnasium,  the  chapel — every\.vhere,  with 
the  exception  of  the  ward  set  aside  for  children  ill  with  contagious  diseases. 
The  building  is  divided  into  two  sections,  one  for  boys  and  one  for  girls. 


-  5  - 


Dziennlic  ZmazKowy,   June  30,   1917  • 


•0LI5H 


I  M 

Each  of  these  is  again  divided,  segregating"  the  children  viio  are 
guilty  of  misconduct  froir.  those  ».ho  have  been  deprived  of  parental  care. 
These  latter  as  I  noticed,  have  acre  freedom  than  the  others,  and  can  gather 
in  larger  ^xoups  to  play  together,  and  thus  pass  the   iime  more  pleasantly • 

"In  one  section  I  noticed  a  l?^rger  group  of  children,  all  under  the  age  of 
tvielve.  Boys  and  girls  sat  together,  listening  to  a  teacher  vvho  talked  to 
them  in  English.  ;vs  v»e  approached,  the  teacher  stopped  talking  to  her 
group  and  joined  us.  The  children,  vho  rarely  see  any  visitors,  stared  at 
me  v.ith  curiosity,   iifter  a  Vvhile,  taey  j'^Lthereo  around  me  so  that  I  v^as 
able  to  observe  their  sad,  pale  faces,  red-eyed,  evideatly,  froia  crying. 

'^It  was  a  pitiful  sight.  There  on  the  outside,  it  is  spring.  Everything 
breathes  ne;.  life,  everything  is  joyful.   On  the  streets  and  in  the  parks 
other  children  are  playing.  They  are  hapjy  ana  fortunate,  knovvin-  that 
loving  parents  av;ait  them  at  home.  Hov«  different  here  in  the  Detention  Homel 
Here  the  children  are  prisoners,  forced  to  remain  in  small  rooms  for  v.hole 


-a 
3^ 


CO 


or* 


I  K 

I  13  3  b 

II  S  3 

I  M 


-   6   - 


DziennikZwiazkov;y,   June  30,    1917. 


POLISH 


days  on  end  with  nothing  but  bare  Vvulls  lo  look  ot. 


"'V;hich  of  you  understanc  Polish?'  I  asked.   ITour  boyo  am:  two  sirls  stepped 
out  of  the  group, 

"'Do  you  like  it  here?'  I  aSi^ed  further.   'Do  you  like  this  place?  ^±re   you 
happy?'  At  these  Viiords,  the  childrea  sadly  lov^ered  their  heads,  and  in 
voices  that  told  of  long  suffering,  thoy  ansv.ered:  'Nol  Kol  Noi  V-'e  do  not 
like  this  place,  v;e  are  unhappy  here.   VJe  i^on't  ;.ant  to  stay  here  any 
longerl ' 

'^'isitinis  the  section  v.here  the  oldei*  children  are  kept,  those  v.ho  have  been 
arrested  for  cri.ninal  of i' eases,  is  not  exactly  a  pleasant  experience.  You 
see  scoiAilin^,  faces,  faces  that  have  lost  ail  traces  of  tht;  finer  instincts. 
At  the  sitZht  of  visitors,  the  faces  of  these  youthful  offenders  ta.-ce  on  an 
expression  that  see:.is  to  say,  'V.hat  did  you  coi.ie  here  for?'   The  girls  loiver 
their  heads  and  hide  in  corners,  not  darinr  tj  loo.c  into  a  person's  eyeij. 


c  — 

c:3 


I  H 

I  B  ;5  b 

II  Z  3 

I   Li 


^  7    -- 


Dziennik  Zvdazlcovry,   June  30,    1917. 


P0LI5H 


They  feel  their  de.:rt.dation  keenly. 


"It  would  be  difficult  to  describe  everything  to  be  seen  there.   It  v.ould 
be  difficult  to  describe  the  unpleasant  impression  that  involuntarily  arises 
in  one*s  mind. 


"Despite  the  cle?inliness  of  the  establishment,  there  is  something  repellent 
about  it.  The  sight  of  the  youthful  prisoners. ,  carefully  =^aarded  and  sur- 
rounded by  iron  bars,  fills  one  v.ith  dread, 

"Those  Viho  have  criticized  the  Detention  Home  are  riP:ht  in  :nany  respects. 
The  place  should  be  used  to  accommodate  not  more  than  eighty  children.  Ac- 
coiiiiiiodation  of  more  than  eighty  ina^es  tne  sanitary  conditions  positively 
dangerous.   Children  vmo  aru  ill  come  in  contact  ^.ith  healthy  children,  often 
using  the  same  equipment  anc  utensils,  as  a  i  esult  of  Vvhich  the  state  of  health 
at  the  institution  is  low.  This  last,  as  a  matter  of  fact,  was  confirmed  by 
medical  men. 


-T3 


ro 


-  8   - 


Dziennik  Zv;iazkov>>y,   June  30,    1917. 


POLISH 


"There  is  no  adequate  accor.iiTiodctioii  for  children  ill  with  contagious 
diseases.  The  isolation  ware  on  the  third  floor  contains  nothing  but  bare 
v.alls.   It  is  easy  to  iiaat^ine  v;hat  torture  a  child  iriust  suffer,  lying  there 
for  v;hole  days  with  no  toys  to  play  v^ith,  nothing  to  occupy  his  time. 

"According  to  Superintendent  Guild*s  statement,  a  third  of  the  children  are 
Polish,  placed  there  principMlly  because  of  lack  of  parental  care.   But  what 
sort  of  care  is  given  these  Polish  children?  Is  there  anyone  there  v.ho  can 
speak  to  them  in  Polish?  There  is  no  onel  Polish  childi-en  who  do  not  under- 
stand English  are  really  unfortunate  there.  No  one  understands  them  and  they 
understand  nobody.  The  teacher  talks  in  English  and  a  majority  of  the  chil- 
dren speak  En,-,lish,  while  our  children  v.ander  about  almost  as  if  deaf  and 
dumb.  Can  this  be  called  care?  The  Polish  citizens  of  Chicago  ought  to  ae- 
mand  that  a  special  section  be  set  apart  for  Polish  children  at  the  Detention 
Home,  and  Polish  teachers  and  nurses  placed  in  charge  of  it." 


3> 


GountrymenI  Do  not  tolerate  conditions  that  will  permit  your  children  to 


POLISH 


Dziennik  ZwiazkovvV,    June  30,    1917. 


I  H  -  9  - 

I  B  3  b 

II  S  3 

I  M 

forget  their  Polish  laiioUage  at  various  "charitable'^  institutions. 

Fight  for  your  rights,  and  v.henever  the  occasion  to  speak  arises,  co  so  as 

a  lart;e  group,  harmonious  ana  capable. 

The  Chicago  Juvenile  Detention  Home  needs  a  great  many  fundamental  chane:es 
and  improvements.  One  ^uch  change,  incispensable  to  us  Poles,  is  the  pro- 
vision of  proper  care  for  Polish  children. 


DO 


-X) 


CD 


I  H 
I  B  1 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zv/iazkov/y,  Apr.  17,  1917 


PLOT  AFOOT  AGAK3T  SOCIETIES 


Heprese::tative  Barbour  has  introduced  in  the  State  le^^islature  of  Illinois  a 
bill  prohibiting  the  sale  of  liquor  at  social  functions  and  excursions,  regard- 
less of  v/hether  they  take  place  on  Sundays,  weekdays,  or  holidays. 

This  is  not  only  a  plot  against  the  personal  liberty  of  the  people  of  this 
country,  but  also  a  threat  against  the  existence  of  fraternal  aid  societies, 
v/hich  strengthen  their  treasuries  for  aid  to  the  sick  by  arranging  social 
functions.  This  is  the  only  source  of  income  our  societies  have,  an  income 
without  which  they  simply  cannot  exist. 

Protests  should  be  made  at  once  against  this  plot,  v/hich  is  against  personal 
liberty  and  threatens  the  existence  of  our  societies.  The  officers  of  Polish 
societies  in  Illinois  should  get  together  immediately  and  send  protests  to 
their  district  senators  and  representatives.  We  are  giving  here  a  protest  form 


5^ 


5r: 


CO 

cr 


I  H 
I  B  1 


-  2  - 


Dzierxnik  Zv/lazlcowy,   Apr.   17,   1917. 


POLISH 


in  English  v/hich  you  can  use: 


Place  and  date 


To  the  Honorable 


Kame  of  Representative 


-J 
o 


Springfield,  Illinois. 

Sir:  The  Barbour  Bill  No.  281,  which  is  nav  up  for  consideration  by  the  House 
of  Representatives,  is  a  superfluous  measure  as  far  as  the  regulation  of  liquor 
traffic  is  concerned.  It  is  a  direct  blow  against  the  liberties  so  far  enjoyed 
by  organizations  of  a  social  character  and  threatens  their  very  existence. 

Our  society,  an  organization  of  (niimber  of  members)  bona  fide  members,  in 
existence  since  (give  the  length  of  existence)  has  alv/ays  conducted  its  entertain- 
ments in  an  orderly  manner,  as  prescribed  by  the  lav/s  of  the  State,  and  we 


I  H 
I  B  1 


-  3  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy^  Apr.  17,  1917 


therefore  ask  you  to  lend  your  assistance  to  defeat  the  aforesaid  proposed 
legislation. 


The  various  societies  are  the  poor  man*s  clubs  and  should  be  encouraged  rather 
than  antagonized  in  their  efforts  to  provide  recreation  and  innocent  pleasure 
for  their  members  and  their  families. 

Respectfully  yours, 
(Signatures  of  the  officers) 
(Seal  of  the  Society) 


Societies,  protect  your  rights  and  existence,  because  the  danger  is  great I 


\3 


I  H 

I  D  1  a 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  Liar.  23,  1917 • 


IirTSSTIGAT::  TIIIS  ^.L^TOEn 


The  oupreiae  Gourt  had  scarcely  finished  recognizing  the  constitutionality  of 
the  Adanson  Act,  which  grants  railroad  enployees  e.n  eight-hour  day,  when  the 
railroad  companies  set  up  a  howl.  They  are  now  prophesying  that  they  will 
have  to  raise  both  their  passenger  and  frjiglit  rates  iimaediately. 

Shedding  crocodile  tears,  the  owners  of  railroads  cannot  bear  to  have  their 
enployees  work  only  eight  hours  a  day  and  be  paid  for  nine  hours,   //ith  ter- 
rible howls  and  gnashing  of  teeth  the  railroad  oivners  announce  that  the  Adamson 
Act  is  lawlessness. 

"Through  the  Adamson  Act  we  will  lose,  if  v/e  do  not  imraediately  raise  our  rates 
for  serving  the  public — we  will  lose  more  than  sixty  million  dollars  yearly!" 

Thus  the  railroad  companies  howl.  But  whether  this  howl  is  justified  or  not 


r 


I  H 

I  D  1  a 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


Dzlennik  Zwiazkowy,  Mar.  23,  1917 


now  becomes  the  important  problem  to  be  solved. 

They  ar^j  losing,  they  say,  sixty  nillion  dollars  yearly  on  only  a  small  con- 
cession to  the  workman.  Sixty  million  dollars! 


Just  how  much  their  average  "net*'  profit  was,  tliey  do  not  mention.  Neither 
do  they  mention  hoN   much  net  profit  they  could  have  after  accepting  the  Adamson 
Act  without  raising  their  rates.  Is  this  not  the  most  definite  indication  that 
they  fear  that  the  people,  astonished  by  the  magnitude  of  their  profits,  will 
not  allow  themselves  to  be  robbed  of  their  hard-earned  money,  and  will  even 
attempt  to  have  the  railroads  pLiced  under  governraent  ownership? 

The  clever  and  foxy  railroad  owner  tries  to  justify  each  one  of  his  actions 
with  some  sort  of  an  argument.  He  wants  to  make  money  on  everything,  to  take 
advantage  of  every  decree  and  every  situation,  fiven  the  .^damson  Act  is  no 


I  H 

I  D  1  a 


-  3  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwia2ko;vy,  Mar.  23,  1917 


exception. 


The  railroad  companies  'mow  tliat  without  the  approval  of  the  Interstate  Com- 
merce vJorjuission  they  cannot  raiso  their  rates.  Tl.erefore,  they  are  already 
starting  to  court  the  members  of  this  conunission  in  order  to  have  their  plans 
and  proposals  turned  into  legal  decrees, 

•Vhether  the  commission  will  allow  the  railroad  comp-aiies  to  extort  high  rates 
from  their  passengers,  whether  it  will  follow  the  promptings  of  insatiable 
individuals,  v/e  shall  see  in  the  near  future.  At  any  rate,  the  citizens  should 
look  into  this  matter  and  not  allow  a  few  score  parasites  to  feed  on  them. 

The  railroad  companies  should  not  be  allowed  to  exploit  their  employees  or 
to  charge  the  public  exorbitant  prices,  .ui  itemized  statement  showing  their 
income  and  disbursements  should  bo  demanded.  Their  business  should  be  investi- 


■.J 


ff 

t 


I  H 

I  D  1  a 


-  4  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy>  Mar.  23,  1917. 


gated  to  see  whether  or  not  their  nat  profit  is  too  large. 


,Vhen  ever^r'ono  is  convinced  that  the  profits  v;oald  be  tremendous  even  if  a 
seven-hour  day  were  granted  to  the  employees,  that  the  arguments  of  the  rail- 
road companies  are  merely  designed  to  pull  the  wool  over  the  people* s  eyes — 
then  the  people  will  be  able  to  stand  up  boldly  against  these  social  leeches 
and  their  crocodile  tears. 


v 
i'^ 


■^T 


Mill!   IWIIMIII. 


■  j»..#.  ■■.    ilMWii  I  IWt>  vikM 


POLISH 


I  II 

II  H   2 

I  :: 
I  c 


Narod  PolsldL.   Vol,  XX,   No,  7,   Feb,  16,   1916. 

POLISH  y;cmen  section  -  in  an  imp(»tant  matter 


In  the  state  of  Illinois  for  several  years  a  special  commission  is  worb 
ing  to  find  out  the  reason  young  girls  falling  into  irtiite  slavery  and 
immorality* 

In  the  opinion  of  this  commission  the  reason  for  prostitution  and  im- 
morality of  women  is  the  darkness  of  the  mind  and  poor  wages* 

The  most  dangerous  menace  to  a  girl's  virtue  is  work  in  a  hotel. 

The  bosses  in  the  factories  and   offices  €U*e  to  blame  for  this  too* 

As  a  remedy  the  above  mentioned  commission  to  decrease  prostitution 
proposes  that  the  legislature  should  adopt  and  regulate  the  average 
wages  of  the  working  girls t  so  they  do  not  ruin  themselves  and  fcdl 
in  into  white  slavery* 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


Harod  Polskl.  Vol*  XX,  No.  7,  Feb*  16,  1916* 

Ihey  propose  to  build  special  homes  for  girls  where  they  will  learn  a 
decent  trade  and  oooupatlon* 

The  desire  of  the  oommission  is  to  stop  the  news  articles  containing 
chronicles  of  the  scandalous  divorce  cases  and  immorality*  The  opinion 
of  this  c(»imission  is  not  right  in  everything* 

One  must  admit  that  immorality  exists  among  all  classes  of  society 
without  respect  as  to  sex*  but  it  is  absurd  to  prove  that  the  poor  class 
of  people  is  among  the  majority  when  the  reverse  is  true* 

Every  woman  physically  or  mentally  healthy  in  America  will  make  a  living 
if  she  is  willing  to*  But  lack  of  religious  education  leads  the  girls  the 
wrong  way.  Next  is  the  desire  of  worldly  pleasures  and  beautiful  clothes t 
not  poverty* 

If  somebody  would  compile  an   authentic  record  of  Polish  girls  working  in 


■— f  ■»■<— 


-  3- 


POLISH 


Narod  Polskl.  Vol.  XX,  No.  7,  Feb.  16,  1916. 

the  hotels  as  dishwasherst  cleaners  and  maldst  then  we  would  see  the  few 
thousands  of  this  army  without  any  protection  in  the  worst  kind  of  immoral 
conditions* 


No  hotel  in  Amerioat  starting  from  the  low,  foul  smelling  Jewish  to  a  first 
class  hotel  is  without  a  few  of  these  Polish  girls* 

Americcuis  readily  hire  them  and  they  know  the  Polish  girls  are  clean  and 
good  kitchen  workers  euid  careful  about  their  Jobs* 

This  recognition*  as  nuch  as  it  rightfully  is  due  to  our  Polish  girlSt 
does  not  react  to  the  benefit  of  Polish  girls t  because  they  knowing  about 
thiSf  take  to  hotel  service  in  large  numbers* 

Facts  prove  tiat  the  hotels  are  very  deuigerous  to  the  young  Polish  girls* 
Ihey  are  to  blame  for  the  spoiling  and  demoralization  of  girls. 


Large  masses  of  Polish  girls  lost  in  iiriiite  slavery  are  also  lost  to  the 


-  4  - 


POLISH 


Narod  Polskl.  Vol*  XX,  No*  7,  Feb*  I6t  1916# 
Polish  home  and  the  ohuroh* 

In  the  hotels  they  oome  in  oontaot  with  men  of  the  worst  tj^pe*  If  anyone 
objects  to  evil  influence  and  corruption»  then  they  use  forceful  means 
on  her* 

In  the  last  edition  of  Glos  Polek  are  given  to  us  two  facts  which  should 
interest  all  Polish  societies*  In  the  Congress  Hotel  in  Chicago,  for  which 
are  working  several  hundred  girls,  about  two  hundred  of  these  are  Polish 
girls,  various  kinds  of  servants,  and  most  of  them  living  in  the  same 
hotel* 

Prom  Ihis  hotel  they  called  the  orphanage  of  the  Guardian  Angel,  asking 
if  they  would  take  care  of  a  young  Polish  girl,   an  expectant  mother, 
because  she  would  not  be  able  to  work  and  had  no  parents  or  friends  in 
the  city* 

Next  case:  In  a  Greek  lunch  room  in  Chicago,  a  Polish  girl  was  a  servant 


Jj 


-  5   - 


POLISH 


I 


o;^ 


Harod  Polski^   Vol.  XX,   No*  7,   Feb*  16,    1916# 

around  the  kl .ohen«  Not  so  long  ago  she  oame  from  Europe*  A  oook's  helper 
gave  her  a  bad  proposition;    refusing  she   lost  her  Job.  But  the  girl*  was 
decent  and  did  not  aooept  the  brutal  proposition  but  ra-Qier  quit  work  axid 
went  to  the  orphanage. 

A  lonr  series  of  suoh  events  is  repeated  almost  every  day.  Someone  told  us 

that  a  Polish  girl,  after  a  year  of  service  in  a  hotel,  when  she  was  sedbis< 
fied,   her  desire  was  to  go  to  work  as  serveint  in  a  home. 

She  went  to  a  family  and  was  hired.  But  after  a  month's  service  she  left. 
And  why?  For  this  very  reason,   a  decent  family  does  not  permit  her  to 
indulge  in  ni^tly  escapades.   The  girl  will  not  get  used  to  this,   nature 
calls  the  wolf  to  the  woods. 


In  all  probability  before  she  went  to  the  hotel  service  she  was  a  decent 
girl. 


;=■-*•:? 


-  6  - 


POLISH 


^y 


^N 


\  "  c-f 


Narod  Polflki.  Vol.  XX,  No.  7,  Feb.  16,  1916. 

YiTe  write  this  with  the  aim  of  calling  attention  to  Polish  women,  especially 
those  who  show  a  preference  to  work  for  society. 

Here  is  an  open  field  to  wofk.  So,  Polish  women,  take  care  of  them.  Organ- 
ize societies,  shoir  them  the  way  to  get  out  of  thi si 

It  is  our  duty  to  save  these  unfortunate  Polish  girls  from  white  slavery, 
and  this  duty  belongs  to  the  Polish  woman^ 

Only  you  women,  even  partially  to  prevent  corruption,  educate  them  about 
moral  life  and  with  mothers'  care  and  protection  have  guardianship  over 
them.  Those  girls  working  in  the  hotels  and  restaurants  especially,  almost 
have  no  parents  and  no  protection. 


I  H 
I  K 

vr 


POLISH 


Dziennik  ^jwiazkowy,  Jan,   29,   1915, 


Mia;?Pi<OP  .iATIU:;  0--  TIU  POLIoIi 


.'OMUT 


O     *  1  i  III  I 


1:^21  i^iii 


3one  interesting  lady  has  been  agitating  against  ei.Lplo3^ing  Negroes.  She  is 
free  to  broadcast  this  idea  if  she  wishes,  as  long  as  she  refrains  from  abus- 
ing the  name  of  ono  of  the  jnost  prominent  organizations  of  Polish  women  in 
America,  the  Polish  National  ^OLliance, 

This  "sincere*^  follower  of  Bloas,  the  former  governor  of  South  Carolina,  goes 
from  storo  to  store  on  ths  northv/est  side  of  our  city  and  maintains  that  she 
is  a  representative  and  an  investigator  of  the  Polish  ./omenta  .alliance*  Jhe 
then  orders  businessmen  to  refuse  to  employ  Negroes  in  their  concerns,  and 
threatens  that  the  Polish  V/omen's  /illiance  v;ill  boycott  the  ov/ners  of  those 
stores  which  do  employ  Negroes. 


nj 

:i=> 


I — 


In  vieiv  of  the  fact  that  the  Polish  newspaper  Dziennik  Zv/iazkov/y,   knev/  of  the 


I  ;:  -  ^  -  :.--0Li3H 

'ill  B  2 

I  i:  Dzio  inil:  ^7;iazl:ovr7,    Jm.    29,    1915. 

IV 

more   important   ciocisions  oT   the  l-olisli   ..or.ien^s    -JLliar.ce,    but  had  nevjr 
heard  of  this  one,   one   of  its   reporters  ..ent  to  the   r^oneral  secretary  of  that 
orgar^ization,  ::i3s    ...  ITcinier:ils!:i,     Jlie   jxpressec;  her  inui£^n.tion  over  the 
use  of  this  or,';:ai: izati on *s  fiim  and  Tiromincnt  position  to  support  an  agitation 
tiiat  h'is  never  ben  anoroved  b'^  the   orr-anization. 


.\r,  ,ve  have  3tated  ^■reviouslv,  tliis  Ltd  -  r^a*'  :.  :itate  all  she  \;ants  and  as  much 
•IS  tlie  authorities  ^er:iit  her,  but  she  cannot  do  her  nefarious  .vork  under  the 
{^uise  Ox"  being  a   re.>ru3ejitativo   oi    tluy  i  olisi:     OMon's  .-.lliunce. 


< 


In  viev;  of  this    fact,  ./e   rcjaest  all  business  len,    in  the   ^vent   of  this   lady^s 

accostin''   any  of   then  to  av'itate  a,:'ainst  .ITe.-roes,    to  Cetain  her  and  comiLiuni- 

cate  iiimediately  ..ith  the    :cneral  secretar:^  of  the  Polish 
vjith  tiie   Dziennik 


;o-.ien*3  ;j.liance  or 


I 

I 

D 

2 

a(4) 

I 

D 

2 

c 

I 

S 

POLISH 


Dziennik  Z?/ia2ko77^%   Oct.   30,   1913 • 


THE  rilOH  PRICES  OF  CCLIT.iODITIES 


The  high  prices  of  all  commodities  have  been  steadily  rising  in  the  last 
ten  years.  This  is  not  helping  th^.  farmers,  as  the  profits  resulting  from 
these  high  prices  vanish  in  the  bottomless  pockets  of  food  trusts  and 
middlemen  and  completely  ruin  the  v/orking  people •  The   wages  are  net  rising 
in  the  same  proportion  as  the  prices;  they  are  declining,  and  employment 
begins  to  be  scarce.  The  lar^e  .ajority  of  the  workers  are  employed  only 
about  two-thirds  of  the  time.  It  is  hard  to  believe  that  the  American 
worker,  especially  the  one  who  has  been  born  here  or  has  resided  in  the 
United  States  for  a  long  time,  and  v;ho  remembers  periods  of  prosperity, 
would  meekly  accept  the  change  for  the  worse.  The  frequently  occurring 
strikes  are  the  worker *s  natural  weapon  of  defense  against  exploitation, 
and  the  idea  of  suppressing  this  movement  by  using  force  is  a  very 
unreasonable  one. 


The  manufacturers  and  their  agents  are  trying  to  convince  the  authorities  that 


I  H 


I  D  2  a 
I  D  2  c 
I  E 


O 


POLISH 


(4) 


Dziennik  Zv:iazko\^o^  Cct.  30,  1913* 


with  the  aid  of  their  1  inkertons  and  their  privcite  amy  of  police  and  strike- 
breakers they  will  suppr  :s.^  what  the^*-  call  '*red"  outbreaks.  The  psychology 
of  the  iunerica:  workers  is  such  that  u:in^  physical  force  against  them  causes 
more  op:oositicn  anc  will  not  help  tc  solve  tho  labor  question.  As  an  example, 
we  may  take  the  incident  in  Colorado,  v;here  v/orkers  v/ere  forced  by  merciless 
exploitation  to  strike.  This  is  not  an  ordinary  strike;  v/ell  armed  miners  are 
fight in.^  a  regular  battle  -A-it.;  the  other  side*s  v/ell  ar:aed  sluggers  and  the 
state  militia. 


Let  us  hope  that  this  incident  in  Colorado  will  opon  the  eyes  of  our  ?;hort- 
sighted  politicians,  and  force  them  to  take  the  labor  question  into  more 
serious  consideration,  and  do  something  to  stop  the  exploitation  of  the 
working  class. 


I  H 


.  ,<■ 


o:.:C': 


,i. 


L  •.'■  O   -.    v<  >.,<  '>^ 


—  try  v-»/:i      «.,:-*/--.  ,  . 


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.  .  -I. 


1. 


V.'  ^*, 


.  *  ,  - 1  . 


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■■■die.i.r.i 


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tr 


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rCLISH 


1,    191-3. 


\'e  are      in  need  o2  sone   ;rind   of  a  la:*:,     .'hicli  cair^o":  bo   cjian^ed   ;-!C  -^asil^''. 
The  r)resent    iudicial   3-/ste;'.i  i  :   onl^-'  enlarci^iC  "^^^^   e?:istin":  abv^.-:;  betv: 
law  and  the  court::,   aiid  it  underi.iin.   •  tie   confidence   of  tba  people. 


n  the 


.;g  were  ;;aitin;;:  for  3o:.ie  l:ind   of  a   oU^p-Gtion  frovi  the  la-T^^er's   convention  at 
i.'ontroal,   but   so  far  not-iin,^  na^  be  ~: 


Iie-.rd. 


'.'e  think  that  this  syste:.!,  or  rather  lack  of  system,  is  very  suitable  for  our 
lav/yers,  but  co:xr.on  peonle,  v-ho  unn'il"'.-in^:ly  -o  to  court  v:ith  t'ie"^*r  difficulties 
because  of  tb.e  hi.:;h  cost  and  uncertainty,  ?sre   losing  confidence  in  cohorts  and 
causin:;^  an  increase  of  crine.  ''any  are  settling  their  differences  out  of  court. 


I  H 

I  D  2  a  (4) 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowv,  June  11,  1912 


A  STRUGGLE  FOR  BREAD 


.1  ' 


r.  t 


(Editorial) 


Working  conditions  are  becoming  more  disagreeable  in  this  wealthy  free  Ameri- 
ca, The  building  of  more  factories,  splendid  bank  structures,  business  houses, 
and  residences  of  the  privileged,  means  greater  suffering  among  the  millions 
crowded  in  rooms  unfit  for  animals,  poorly  clothed,  and  starving.  Such  poor 
unfortunates  can  be  seen  toiling  hard  in  mines,  steel  mills,  in  the  dark  woods 
of  V/isconsin  and  Michigan,  and  wherever  wealth  is  created  for  the  use  of  a  few 
privileged  persons.  But  the  most  disagreeable  fate  is  that  of  the  textile 
workers  in  the  New  3ngland  States.  Working  there  at  hard  labor  are  men,  women, 
and  underaged  children,  destroying  their  health  and  strength,  and  going  prema- 
turely to  their  graves.  Looking  at  these  youngsters,  one  gets  the  impression 
that  they  are  small  adults,  for  in  their  faces  is  stamped  already  the  marks  of 
physical  exertion.  Most  of  those  children  are  compelled  to  work  in  textile 
factories,  as  their  fathers*  salaries  are  insufficient  to  support  their  families 


I  H 

I  D  2  a  (4) 


-  2  - 


Dziennlk  Zwlazkowy,  June  11,  1912. 


POLISH 


Wives  and  mothers  are  torn  away  from  home  to  help  their  husbands  by  working 
in  textile  mills.  The  children,  instead  of  attending  school,  are  compelled 
to  work,  because  it  is  difficult  to  support  them  on  their  parents'  income. 
Father,  mother  and  children  file  to  work  every  morning,  returning  to  their 
humble  homes  in  the  evening,  tired,  weakened,  and  exhausted.  The  smaller 
children,  remaining,  v/ithout  protection,  wander  av/ay  from  home  often  meet- 
ing with  serious  accidents.  The  interior  of  the  factory  is  an  actual  hell: 
dust,  bad  odors  and  lack  of  ventilation.  The  noise  of  the  machines,  trans- 
mission belts,  gears,  pulleys  and  unguarded  fly-wheels  are  a  menace  to  the 
life  and  health  of  these  workers.  Such  working  conditions  and  small  pay  ex- 
haust the  patience  of  these  humble  toilers,  who  for  the  most  part  are  aliens. 


^>s 


r> 


The  readers  are  familiar  with  the  struggle  for  bread  put  up  by  the  textile 
vjorkers  of  Lawrence,  Mass.  These  workers  were  clubbed  by  the  police,  shot  at 
as  if  they  were  dangerous  animals,  thrown  into  jails;  and  even  small  starving 
children  were  abused  by  not  permitting  them  to  leave  for  other  tovms  to  be 
fed  by  charitable  v;orkers.  After  a  few  months  of  bitter  struggle  they  won  a 
slight  increase  in  pay.  They  returned  to  work,  and  this  is  what  happened: 


I  H 


-  5  - 


POLISH 


D  2 


(4) 


Dziennik  Zwlazkowy,  June  11,  1912. 


The  manufacturers  refused  to  reinstate  those  who  demanded  hip^her  wa^es  and 
better  working  conditions,  or  those  who  were  active  in  the  union.  This 
aggravated  the  situation,  and  workers  threatened  to  strike  again  unless  all 
former  strikers  were  unconditionally  reinstated. 


In  Clinton,  Mass.,  a  strike  begun  in  March  is  still  going  on.  Presently  the 
manufacturers  have  opened  their  shops,  and  are  operating  with  strike-breakers, 
even  advertising  for  help.  V/e  caution  our  countrymen  not  to  seek  work  there, 
for  that  would  constitute  an  act  unworthy  of  any  honest  v/orkman.  There  the 
poor  are  fighting  for  bread  and  better  workinr  conditions;  therefore,  one 
would  be  a  vile  traitor  to  them  if  one  were  to  accept  a  job  as  strikebreaker. 
Strike-breakers  are  treated  with  scorn,  and  more  than  often  incur  the  hate  of 
the  v/orkers,  who  have  to  contend  not  only  with  their  exploiters  but  also  with 
these  wreckers  of  organized  labor,  who  take  from  their  mouths  their  last  piece 
of  bread  and  retard  the  progress  of  labor  in  this  country.  The  strikers  jobs 
were  taken  over  by  a  large  number  of  worthless  men,  who  thereby  delayed  the 
strikers'  victory.  Our  people  should  not  become  scabs,  and  interfere  with  those 
fighting  for  bread,  because  the  strikers'  cause  is  the  common  cause  of  all 
working  people. 


I  H 

II  S  3 
I  K 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkov/y^  Nov.   27,   l:?il. 


CRILS  AI^ID  COITAL  rTO:iSH!.IS:iT 


(Sditorial) 

The  criminal  mania  that  leads  men  to  murder  their  wives,  and  women  to 
murder  their  husbands,    is  spreading  horribly  in  this  country*     15ie  fear  of 
death  on  the  scaffold  or  in  the  electric  chair  does  not  help;  the  fear  of 
lynching  by  an  angry  mob  of  citizens  does  not  help;  the  fear  of  a  life 
sentence  in  prison  does  not  help.     The  bloody  murder  dramas  are  performed 
everywhere,  and  one  reads  about  them  almost  daily. 

Last  Friday,  Henry  Clay  Beattie,  the  young,  handsome  scion  of  ?.  wealthy 
and  prominent  family,  died  in  the  electric  chair  at  Richmond,  Virginia. 
He  was  convicted  of  having  murdered  his  wife 

^/^anslator » s  note:     A  siLmmary  of  the  case  is  omitted  in  translation^ 


I  H 

II  E 
I  K 


-  2  - 


Dzlennik  Zwiazkowy,  Nov,  27,  1911. 


POLISH 


Seeing  that  nothing  could  save  him  from  the  death  penalty,  he  /BeattieT 
submitted  a  written  confession,  admitting  that  he  had  murdered  his  wife, 
and  then  went  to  his  death  with  a  cynical  smile  on  his  lips,  ridiculing 
the  implement  which  was  to,  and  did,  put  him  to  death* 

The  death  penalty,  in  principle,  fills  us  with  horror.  The  very  thought 
that  people,  by  law,  murder  other  people,  even  the  worst  criminals,  in  cold 
blood,  is  loathsome*  For  a  criminal  like  Beattie,  death  was  too  light  a 
punishment*  It  released  him  from  everything  quickly.  He  did  not  even  have 
time  to  think  about  the  crime  which  he  had  committed.  A  long  prison  term, 
or  even  imprisonment  for  life,  is  a  more  appropriate  punishment  for  criminals, 
and  civilized  society  would  not  be  soiling  its  hands  with  blood  just  because 
common  criminals  had  soiled  theirs. 

Besides,  the  death  penalty  does  not  in  the  least  lessen  the  ni:imber  of 
murders,  since  each  year  there  is  an  increase  in  their  number;  especially  ,^^~ 


I  m.  s 


I  H 

II  E 
I  K 


-   3  - 


Dziennik  Zv7iazko;vy,  Nov.   27,   1911. 


POLISH 


do  the  states  that  have  capital  punisliment  abound  in  them.  Statistics 
disclose  that  in  the  states  viiiich  do  not  punish  with  death,  but  with 
imprisonment,  the  number  of  murders  is  relatively  smaller  than  in  the 
states  where  criminals  are  put  to  death  by  means  of  the  scaffold  or  the 
electric  chair. 

This  alone  suggests  that  capital  punishment  should  be  repealed  in  all  the 
states,  as  it  has  been  repealed  in  some,  and  that  the  decision  on  so 
grave  a  problem  should  rest  with  the  Federal  Government  and  the  Supreme 
Court,  and  not  with  the  state  legislatures.  A  question  of  such  importance 
concerns  the  entire  United  States,  and  not  specific  parts  of  it. 

In  respect  to  the  number  of  murders  committed,  women  are  almost  the  equals 
of  men,  especially  in  badly-matched  marriages.  At  present  there  are  several 
cases  pending  in  which  women  are  accused  of  having  brutally  murdered  their 


I  H 

II  E  3 
I  K 


-  4  - 


Dziennik  Zwlazkowy,  Nov.  27,  1911 


POLISH 


husbands;  the  most  notorious  is  the  case  of  Gertrude  Patterson,  \vho  is  on 
trial  in  Denver,  Colorado, charged  vdth  the  fatal  shooting  of  her  husband;  in 
Chicago  a  certain  ^uinn  and  Vermy]  ia  are  bein^^  tried  for  poisoning  husbands 
and  lovers. 


The  evidence  against  the  accused  ;voinen  is  so  strong  that  it  will  be  very 
difficult  for  them  to  escape  punishment,  but  who  knows  whether  the  jury, 
taking  into  consideration  that  the  accused  are  wanen,  will  not  acquit  them, 
or  at  most  give  them  a  prison  sentence,  as  has  already  happened  in  many  cases. 
Even  here  the  law  is  not  the  same  for  all,  since  men  are  usually  condemned 
to  death,  even  on  inconclusive  evidence  of  guilt,  whereas  women  are  either 
freed  or  imprisoned,  although  their  guilt  is  definitely  proven. 

Crime  is  crime,  regardless  of  who  commits  it,  and  the  law  must  be  the  saine 
for  all.  We  repeat  again  that  we  are  decidedly  opposed  to  capital  punish- 
ment in  a  civilized  country,  and  that  it  should  be  repealed,  but  on  the 


I  n 

II  E  3 

I  K 


-   5  - 


Dzlennik  Zwlazkoisry,  Nov.   27,    1911, 


POLISH 


other  hand  the  law  should  make  no  exceptions,  and  every  murderer  or 
murderess  should  be  meted  out  the  same  punishment*  Tlie  indulgence  of  the 
lav;  in  respect  to  women  only  encourages  perverted  female  individuals  to 
commit  crimes,  because  they  are  certain  tliat  the  courts  will  not  punish 
them  severely,  and  sometimes  will  even  let  them  go  absolutely  free* 

This  is  the  reason  why  women  murderers  are  found  only  in  this  country.  On 
the  one  hand,  bad  bringing-up  at  home,  and  a  lack  of  care  at  school, 
develop  the  criminal  instincts*  On  the  other  hand,  insufficient  and  in- 
competent laws,  which  severely  punish  petty  offenses,  and  allow  greater 
crimes  to  go  without  punisl:iment,  foster  these  instincts* 


I  K 

I  D  1  a 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  Nov.   24,   1911. 


FiiNDlOIIS  FOR  FCCR  IXTEERS 


(Editorial) 

Recently  a  lav;  ivas  passed  in  the  State  of  Illinois  granting  pensions  to 
those  mothers  v/ho  are  burdened  with  large  fariiilies,  and  v/ho,  due  to  various 
circumstances,  find  themselves  in  abject  poverty,  unable  to  support  them- 
selves, their  children,  or  their  sick  or  crippled  husbands.  These  pensions 
are  for  the  most  part  granted  to  poor  widows  with  many  children,  who  other- 
wise would  have  to  suffer  indescribable  poverty  and  v;ould  have  to  beg  for 
human  pity. 

As  a  start,  pensions  are  now  being  paid  indigent  mothers  in  Cook  County,  in 
which  Chicago  is  located.  Here  at  last  there  were  brou{^it  to  light  the 
terrible  poverty  of  the  laboring  class  and  the  number  of  poor  families 
needing  aid.  The  County  Agent,  who  pays  out  these  Densions  in  accordance 
with  the  lav/,  announces  that  in  Cook  County  alone  there  are  30,000  families 
who  v/ould  have  to  be  aided  in  accordance  with  the  new  law,  and  that  between 
fifty  and  one  hundred  indigent  mothers  apply  to  him  daily  for  pensions. 


■  ■^•^•^ axr*  -^  - 


I  K 

I  D  1  a 


-  2  - 


Dziennik  Zwiazkov;y,  Nov.  24,  1911 


POLISH 


The  Agent,  hiniself  well-fed,  v;ell-dressed,  tind  receiving  a  large  salary, 
is  filled  with  indignation  toward  the  new  lav^,  asserting  that  if  it  con- 
tinues in  effect,  Cook  County  will  go  bankrupt.  Ke  estimates  that  at  least 
five  million  dollars  annually  will  be  necessary  for  pensions  for  indigent 
mothers.  Ke  therefore  calls  the  new  law  "socialistic"  and  would  like  to 
see  it  repealed  as  soon  as  possible. 


IVe  are  utterly  indifferent  to  the  name  anyone  may  choose  to  call  this  just 
law,  because  we  say  it  is  Lumane,  deserving  of  support,  and  even  worthy  of 
being  broadened.  Just  think  of  it  I   In  order  to  avoid  having  Cook  County 
spend  five  million  dollars,  thirty  thousand  poor,  abandoned  families  must 
suffer  poverty  and  must  beg  help  elsewhere — help  which  they  will  not  alv;ays 
find.  But  where  millions  of  dollars  overflow  in  abundance,  where  gold 
flows  in  streams  for  tLe  excesses  and  luxuries  of  the  v;ealthy,  five  million 
dollars  is  such  a  trifle  that  no  one  si.ould  be  concerned  about  it,  least 
of  all  the  County  /igent,  from  whose  pocket  tnis  sum  certainly  will  not  come 
and  who,  in  addition,  will  himself  probably  benefit  by  the  expenditure. 

The  five  million  dollars  for  the  pension  fund  for  poor  families  could  be 


I   ■..':   n. 


«i  / 


.y 


y 


I  E 

I  J  1  a 


rOLISIi 


Dziennik  ^v/iazkov;7,   l.ov.    i.4,    1911  • 


•:hich  ex^3loit3  tliose  un±or- 


subscribed  by  the  ];ieat  :^acl:ers'    trust  alo:ie, 
tunate  people  and  ruikes  nillions  out   of  t-ieri.     It  ::ould  be  v;ortli  ;;uile, 
then,   to  pasr>  a  lav;  placing*  a  pemanent  tax  on  various  corporations;    this 
tax  -jould  be  destined  for  t".  is  pension  fund,   and  v^ould,   therefore,   not 
strain  ti.e  county  treasur:',    into  \;hich  poor  people  pay  taxes—taxes  which 
rich  T)eo^)le  aiv;a"3  laiO\:  ho:;  to  avoid. 


.Lfter  all,   the   pcnsiojis    -ranted  larce  poverty-strichen  fLu-iilies  arc  not  ver^' 
bic,   since  tlie;;  reach  a  I'lixiini:.!  of  tv.enty  dollars  a  nonth  for  faj.iilies  v;here 
there  are  i.any  ci:ildren.      It   is  liard  to   support  a  fa.iily  on  this;   yet,    it 
is  of  soMe  help,   and  it  \;ill  hecp  larjiy  unfortunates  froi.i  strj.rvinc  to   death* 
There  are  soiae  poor  people  v;ith  such  pride  that  they  v/ill  not  liold  out  their 
pali.is  for  charity  fro::,  various  '^elfare   societies,  or  appeal  to  the  County 
ACent;    but  they  v;ill  accept  a  pension  provided  by  lav/,   and  thus  lichten 
their  painful  lot  to   sone  extent. 


It  is  even  the  duty  of  society  to  take  care  of  these  unfortunate  people 
v/ho  are  the  victiins  of  circunstances  not  of  their  o\:n  i.iiikin^ — people  v;ho 


V 


s 


.:.i  .n. 


v/ 


o 


I  H 

I  D  1  a 


-  4  - 


Dziennik  ZwiazkovA^,  Nov,  24,  1911. 


POLISH 


because  of  the  present  social  system  rind  themselves  in  abject  poverty. 
Millions  of  dollars  are  spent  for  the  luxuries  and  the  tinsel  of  the  privi- 
leged class,  vihy  siiould  not  money  be  found  for  easing  the  heavy  lot  of 
the  disinherited  class?  V/hy  must  the  latter  suffer  unjustly  for  the  greed 
and  inhumanity  of  the  former? 

In  Chicaco,  deaths  from  starvation  and  suicides  caused  by  poverty;'  occur 
frequently;  and  people  in  general  merely  accept  them  and  take  them  in  their 
stride  without  in  emy  way  trying  to  remedy  this  abnormal  situationo  The 
American  press  mentions  these  occurrences  only  incidentally,  in  brief  nev/s 
items,  treating  them  as  ordinary  daily  happenings.   On  the  other  hand  en- 
tire columns  and  pages  are  reserved  for  descriptions  of  matrimonial  scandals 
and  divorces  in  the  "higher  spheres;"  they  describe  in  the  most  minute  de- 
tail all  sorts  of  crimes;  they  write  at  great  length  about  banquets  and 
balls,  describing  the  gov/n,  the  jewelrj'',  and  even  the  shoes  v/orn  by  this 
or  that  millionairess  wife.  But  they  will  not  descend  into  the  small  and 
damp  basements;  they  will  not  look  into  the  attics  where  the  poor  families 
of  laborers  live  so  humbly,  v/here  poverty  reigns  supreme. 


\ 


i  I) 


I  H 

I  13  1  a 


Dzienni! 


-  5 


T-/^T  rri 


rCLISII 


:ov.  :>!,  1911 


This  luv;  v/iiich  provides  pensions  for  indigent  :.iotLers  burdened  v/itl:  larre 
fanilies  rie   consider  entirely  x^iir  and  just,  -.nid  :.e  v'ill  defend  it  v/ith  :.ll 
our  ::i::ht.  This  is  the  first  ^-rent  step  on  tjio  part  of  sociotp  in  tlie 
direction  of  t^l-rinr  a  ;':rcatjr  interest  in  tl.ose  r/ho  are  suffering  fro.,, 
i.iisfortune  and  poverty,  .jid  curoainly,  in  _.  country  so  rich  and  aboimdinc 
in  all  the  yifts  of  nature,  there  should  be  no  r-overty,  laborers  exhausted 
by  v;orh  and  disease  adll  not  die  of  starvation  in  t':  is  countr:,^  if  all  of 
society,  guided  by  huinnity  and  justice,  desires  to  prevent  t/ds  calanity* 

The  state  of  Illinois  riay  -;ell  be  proud  of  the  fact  t;  at  it  has  taken  this 
step — the  enactment  of  the  pension  lav:.  Let  us  hope  that  it  v/ill  ^o  even 
further  in  this  direction  and  v/ill  ease  the  poverty  v;hich  torments  our 
brave  sons  of  labor. 


I   y 


I  H 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkovvy,  Nov.  16,  1911, 

(Editorial) 

The  abuses  and  brutality  of  the  employees  in  some  of  our  county  hospitals, 
poor  houses,  insane  asylums,  orphanages,  and  prisons  are  already  well  known 
from  descriptions  in  the  newspapers  end   from  investigations  conducted  here 
and  there.  The  energetic  attitude  of  Commissioner  Bartzen  in  Cook  County, 
Illinois,  who  dismissed  half  of  the  employees  of  the  insane  asylum  at  Dunning, 
because  he  had  established  the  fact  that  the  unfortunate  patients  there  v/ere 
treated  worse  than  beasts,  is  also  well  known.  In  many  other  institutions, 
the  abuse  and  the  maltreatment  of  human  beings  who,  through  unfortunate  cir- 
cumstances, were  placed  in  these  institutions,  where  even  a  dumb  animal  would 
not  be  treated  the  way  the  brutal  wardens  treat  the  inmates,  have  been  brought 
to  light,  ^/^anslator's  note:  Here  follows  a  specific  instance  of  brutality 
practiced  on  a  Pole  in  Milwaukee  by  the  name  of  Roczynial,  who  was  released 
from  prison  after  serving  seven  years  of  a  twenty-five  year  sentence,  only  to 
die  in  his  home  of  tuberculosis  contracted  in  prison.  This  individual,  before 
his  death,  disclosed  the  medieval  tortures  to  which  he  had  been  subjected.7 


v: 


I  H 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


Diennik  ^wiazkov/y,  Nov.  16,  1911, 

If  Roczynial's  deposition  is  true,  the  authorities  should  institute  an 
investigation  and  should  punish  the  people  in  charge,  similar  events 
could  only  occur  in  Ivussia. 

But  the  authorities,  somehow,  are  not  too  eager  to  institute  investiga- 
tions and  to  punish  the  brutal  transgressors,  who  in  this  way  prey  upon 
people.  Therefore,  it  is  up  to  the  citizens  to  take  this  loatter  in  hand 
and  to  enter  a  vigorous  protest  against  such  barbarism. 


The  Poles,  although  they  constitute  a  very  Siiall  percentage  of  criminals 
in  this  country,  nevertheless  are  guilty  of  many  leeser  transgressions,  and 
receive  less  severe  sentences.  Lany  are  sentenced  by  the  courts  for  drunken- 
ness and  fighting,  and  recently  there  have  been  many  cases  of  desertion:  wives 
leaving  husbands,  husbands  leaving  wives,  and  sometimes  even  degenerate  parents 
leaving  their  own  children  to  the  generosity  of  fate,  running  away  without 
one  thought  about  the  creatures  to  v;hom  they  have  driven  life,  im  example  of 
this  comes  to  us  from  Philadelphia. 


'V 


O  \ 


I  H 


-  3  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  Nov.  15,  1911. 

translator's  note:  Here  follows  the  story  of  the  Polski  family,  .^s.  Polski 
deserted  her  husband,  leaving  three  children.  I,lr.  Polski,  not  able  to  manage 
alone,  left  v7.50  with  a  neiglibor  for  food  and  left  his  children,  to  go  in 
search  of  his  wife.  Neither  parent  returned,  iifter  the  money  vias   exhausted, 
the  neighbor,  unable  to  support  the  children  herself,  took  them  to  the  police 
v/ho  in  turn  sent  them  to  an  orphanage^ 

V/here  is  the  conscience,  the  heart,  in  parents  such  as  these?  VJhy  even  a  dujnb 
animal  loves  and  protects  its  young,  and  often  suffers  hunger  and  dies  of 
starvation.  It  is  obvious,  then,  that  some  people  are  worse  than  animals. 


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;j:  uportaiit  oi:IoSIciv  r:  .\ia:Ric:.j:  la:/ 


(Jclitorieil) 

One  of  the  noct  iiaportant  lecal  nuestioiiG  in  the  present  dcvclopiient  of  c^^eat 
enterprise  is  the  :i.uestion  of  an  eiiployer's  payin^j;  compensation  in  the  event 
of  the  death  or  penaanent  bodily  injury  of  an  employee,  sustained  in  the 
course  of  his  v/orlc. 


In  principle  the  lav;  acknov/ledc^s  the  ri^ht  of  a  v;orI:or  or  his  fariily  to 
coiiipensation.  In  practice,  hov;ever,  the  lav;  is  so  full  of  difficulties  and 
technicalities  that  the  v;ron£:ed  v;orl:er  is  obliged  to  take  le^al  action  against 
his  ern^lover.   The  larientablc  tliinc  is  that  there  is  little  r^ossibility  that 
the  court  v;ill  decide  in  the  employee's  favor.  One  of  the  v;orst  technicalities 
— a  condition  that  is  to  the  v;orker*3  detriirient — is  that  he  has  no  right  to 
compensation  if  an  accident  occurs  throuch  his  ovai  fault  or  even  through  the 
fault  of  another  v;orker.  Because  of  this  rule  a  v/ide  field  is  open  to  attorneys 
of  both  parties,  and  regardless  of  v;hat  turn  the  case  takes,  be  that  in  favor 


CO 

^^ 
en 


I  K 


O 


PCLIoII 


Dziennlk  Z:-.:iazko;.y>    Dec.   3,    1910. 
of  the  plaintirr  or  the  defendant,   the  attorneys  alv/ays  receive  their  fees. 

* 

Statistics  prove  that  in  the  United  States  thirty  tiiousand  to  forty-five 
thousand  './or.cors  are  killed  annually  in  line  of  duty,  and  tv/o  million  receive 
injuries  of  v-iryin;  decree.  Tliat  is  a  v;ar  record,  not  a  peacetime  one.  Only 
a  v;ar  betv/een  tv.o  large  nations  could  result  in  so  many  killed  and  vroimded. 

Nov;,  here  is  a  question:  IIov;  r:iany  of  that  nuiiiber  of  wrcnced  have  a  ri^nt  to 
conpensation  and  hov;  nany  obtain  nothinc'i^  Cne  state  lav;  offers  a  certain  tj^e 
of  excuse  for  the  employer,  and  another  has  somethinc  else,  and  in  every  one 
the  company  attorney  knows  hov;  to  discover  sonethinc:  not  favo^-able  to  the  v;orker. 

In  the  meantime  v;e  find  that  as  far  back  as  tv;o  thousand  years  a^o  Roman  lav;, 
which  is  tod.-y  the  most  judicious  lav;  in  the  v;orld,  found  a  logical  and  just 
ansi';er  to  this  problem. 

Accordinc  to  the  v/ordinc  of  the  Roman  lav;  (Actio  Ilecorum  Gestorum)  v;hoever 


en 


PCLI3II 


Dzieiinik  Zv/iazl^ovy,   Dec.   3,   1910 


perforriis  an  act,  eitlior  for  rer.uneration  or  c^atis,  in  the   course  of  services 
v;hich  brin^;:  i.'r:iterial   '^^ain  to  vanother,   and  sustains   injury  in  the  perforixoice 
of  this  activity,   has  a  ri£:ht  to  a  reasonable  compensation.     The   jud^ne   is  only 
to  ascertain    vhether  the  plaintiff  actually  sustained  any  injury — from  aoilinc 


o 


an  apron  to  loss  of  "•  ?.-"o — and  vhether  he  sustained  it  at  the  tine  he  v;as  per- 
forming activity  having  a  financial  value  for  another  person.  rUi  exception  is 
made  only  in  instances  v/hen  a  v;o.\:er  maliciously  desires  to  v/ron;:  his  employer 
^"   an  intentional  destruction  of  machinery  or  production,  and  hiiiiself  becomes 
injured  during  mjilicious  activity.  ;Ln  er.ployee's  incompetence  in  operating  a 
machine  or  tools  does  not  excuse  an  employer,  because  it  is  the  employer's 
business  to  notice  that  a  nan  is  incompetent  and  to  remove  him  from  that 
activity.  Zvery  case,  therefore,  of  so-called  carelessness,  thou:::htlessness,  or 
unnecessary  takinc  of  chances,  of  the  v;orI:er  beloncs  to  the  General  category  of 
incompetence.  The  carelessness  or  m.aliciousness  of  another  employee  is  alv;ays 
credited  to  the  employer.  The  lav;  loo]:s  upon  a  worker  as  .an  extended  arra  of 
the  manufacturer  hi;  self.  If,  therefore,  a  v/orker,  becomes  intoxicated,  for 
example,  and  fractures  a  co--7orL-er*  s  skull,  v/hile  in  the  line  of  duty,  the 
Roman  Lav;  looks  upon  this  froLi  the  standpoint  of  civil  injustice  and  holds 


-o 


CD 


T     T- 


-  4  - 


rc^mii 


Dziennlk  .I:::i:-i:^l:c\-\    Dcj-: .    ;:,    1910. 


^.-v^ 


<  1 

0. 


..icn,    c.oulu   oo.^cr  '..'Lv'-  ^-'^  ..o:.ns    v,e   soii'Vit   •.-■3:1  -./ice   ilcians,   nasters   of 
civil  Il.v;,   have   alrealy  ..clv^d   tl.ij   ^.r jjticn  gc   .:ae:Ai:itGl7"     :  oreovor,    the 
trade   of  ancient  Ror^ic  did  !:0t   ::u_:^rer   ia  tiio   lei.st  bacause   of  tliis  lav*      True, 
stear:  nac'iinor:'  v/aj  ualznoa-n  ut   t:  at  tiiiu,    but  Lu:'e  Uiildiac^  ^vere  beinr; 
erected,   i.;etal  v;as  bein;:  i^our.  I  and  iioulded,    stones  beinc  cut,   and  trade  had 
been  eotablicbol    /itr    the   .jiiLiro  anoa-n  aorld. 


3> 


IjXuz   ::-ovcrninc  ./oraero'  co.  .poncation  .^or  i ajuries  sustained  durin^j  e:..::loyi:ient 
should  be  uai/cr:  thaan-bcut  Lbc  "ait.-:  .states,  and,  hence,  a  la;7  ahculd*' be 
enac*tc;i  '  ;•  Jci.jress.  :.'oreov.-r,  it  should  be  based  on  the  principles  of  the 
old  aoi:ian  la;,  \;hie]i  are  aise  .nd  just.   Thirdly,  ti.e  local  procedure  oi 
coj.ipensaticn  cases  ahould  be  simple,  b-rief,  and  ine::ponsive .  ;.  co:ipctent 
jud'je,  :^sp::ci-dla  desi  -nated  bcr  Just  such  cases,  ..liOuld  have  the  pov;er, 
upon  bein;  iaP^j*.  ad  oP  an  accident,  to  ^u  to  the  place,  e::Lj.:ine  ahe 
particular.:,  ].c?;r  the  ..-itnesces,  ind  issue  :.ai  iimuediate  verdict. 


en 


diiplopers  as  v;el]    as  e:a:lopees  v/ould  profit  bp   sucli  l;a;s  and  procedure. 


a  Tea; 


T  H 


-  5  - 


POLT^^ 


Dzlennik  Zvdazkov.y,  Dec.  3,  1910. 

of  expenses  v;ould  compel  then  to  take  every  T^recoutlonary  step,  and  this  would 
alwavs  result  in  benefit  to  themselves. 


An  example  of  the  inadenuacv  of  existing  comr^ensation  laws  can  be  seen  in  the 
follov^inp-  instance.   A  certain  v^orker  was  employed  at  a  stone  quarry.   A  sec- 
tion foreman  came  too  close  to  a  niece  of  stone  and  carelessl^^  shoved  it  down. 
The  fallinp-  stone  seriously  injured  an  emnloyee  vjorkin^  below. 


r 


After  leavinp;  the  hosr^ital,  the  v;orker,  who  was  incanable  of  beinr  further 
employed  presented  his  ^^ll'^ht  to  an  attorney.   Luckily  for  him,  he  cairie  U"^on 
an  honest  lawyer,  who  imnarted  truthful  information  to  the  vvronred  man. 

*'You  have  no  chance,''  said  the  attorney,   ''"^e  stone  that  injured  you  was 
shoved  by  your  fellow  worker.   In  our  state,  an  employer  is  not  liable  for 
injuries  sustained  by  an  emnloyee  as  a  result  of  the  carelessness  of  another 
emnlovee.** 


r 

V 

C- 

^  -: 
en 


^"^ut  T  called  to  him  above  to  be  careful  because  the  stone  v/as  loose,"  the 


T  ': 


-  6  - 


POTT^T 


^nziennik  Zwiazkcvy,  Dec.  ?,  1910. 


injured  man  further  explained. 


''So  much  the  v;orse,^  re-nlled  the  lawy-^r.  "Th'^t  mean^  that  you  vourself  noticed 
the  danper  anri  did  not  move  in  time.  Conseouently ,  you  yourself  were  guilty  of 
carelessne55s  and  have  no  rirht  to  comnensation." 


''"Rut  I  could  n^t  move  from  m'^   post  because  I  would  lose  my  job.'* 

''That  doer^  not  interest  anyone.  You  took  a  risk  willirp-ly  and  you  must  bear  the 
results  of  your  risk." 

^-n  unscrunulous  lavrrer  would  hav^?  robbed  the  ^o^r  man  blind,  if  one  mav  use  the 
vernacular.  He  wo\ild  have  sued  the  comnany  and  »  naturally,  lost  the  case. 


3;- 

Co 


I  H 


POLIoIi 


Dziennik  Zv/iazkoivy,   Oct,    24,    1910 


la:;  Ei,Tona:;:i.Ei7i  in  :j3^igl^d  md  hi  ai.3Riga 


(JJditorial) 


A  perfect  example  of  lav/  enforcenent  in  England,  as  compared  to  that  in  the 
United  States,  v/as  irianifested  in  the  recent  murder  trial  of  Hawley  H.  Crippen, 
who  was  accused  of  murderin^;^  his  v/ife,  i\fter  slaying  his  v/ife  in  London,  the 
perpetrator  of  the  crime  fled  for  Canada.  Soon  after  this  hideous  murder  was 
discovered  by  the  officials  and  the  murderer's  flight  becarae  Imown,  the 
authorities  tracked  dovm  their  ouarry  and  had  the  accused  extradited  to  London. 
The  subsequent  course  of  events  v/as  comparatively  rapid.  The  Canadian  author- 
ities surrendered  Crippen  and  his  young  woman  associate  with  no  unnecessary 
difficulty.  They  were  both  returned  to  London,  where  the  prosecutor  had  already 
compiled  his  material  evidence  that  Crippen  v/as  the  actual  murderer.  V/ithin 
a  spare  of  only  a  fev/  v/eeks  the  prosecution  v;as  thoroughly  prepared  for  trial. 


V  ■ 


o 


CO 

rr 


This  procedure  was  entirely  different  from  that,  for  example,  in  the  United  States. 


I  H 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazicowy,  Oct.  24,  1910. 


Here,  in  America,  a  case  of  comparatively  lesser  importance  requires  whole 
weeks  and  even  months  of  time,  and  devours  enormous  sums  of  money  from  the 
county  or  state  funds.  The  mere  selection  of  a  jury  is  a  veritable  comedy, 
at  times  lasting  for  several  weeks,  because  the  attorneys  for  the  defense  and 
the  prosecution  occupy  themselves  in  the  playful  antics  of  questioning  the 
candidates  for  the  jury.  They  argue  and  postpone  selections  until,  finally, 
out  of  about  three  hundred  or  more  people,  twelve  are  selected,  who  perhaps 
are  not  better  or  worse  than  those  hundreds  of  citizens  who  were  previously 
questioned  and  rejected.  The  subsequent  arguments  of  the  defense  and  those 
of  the  prosecutors,  and  the  testimony  of  witnesses,  are  prolonged  indefinitely. 
There  are  several  postponements  of  the  case  so  that  the  attorneys  may  have 
time. ♦••to  extract  the  last  of  the  money  from  the  victim.  Finally  the  jury 
retires,  emd  the  members  of  the  jury  argue  among  themselves  for  several  hours. 
Frequently  they  cannot  agree  upon  a  unanimous  verdict,  hence,  the  judge  re- 
leases them  from  their  duty  and  allows  them  to  go  to  their  homes.  The 
prosecution  comedy  is  then  renewed,  garnished  witn  all  the  afore-mentioned 
formalities,  and  quite  often,  after  a  verdict  has  been  given,  it  is  proved  that 


'••3» 


-\-; 


I  H 


-  3  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  Oct*  24,  1910. 
the  courts  have  '^erred^  and  convicted  an  innocent  man. 


The  procedure  is  entirely  different  in  England.  There  are  no  such  formalities 
and  comedies  at  the  selection  of  jurors.  The  arguments  of  the  defense  and 
those  of  the  prosecution  do  not  last  for  days  on  end;  the  case  is  not  continually 
being  postponed;  the  jury  orients  itself  rapidly  and  gives  a  verdict  speedily 
and  decisively.  In  Crippen's  prosecution,  although  it  pertained  to  a  matter 
of  an  unusual  criminal  offense,  the  entire  legal  procedure  was  allowed  to  go 
along  at  an  even  tempo.  The  jury  was  selected  in  less  than  three  days;  it 
heard  the  testimony  of  numerous  witness,  examined  the  indictment  and  proofs 
of  guilt,  heard  the  arguments  of  the  prosecution  and  of  the  defense,  as  well 
as  the  explanation  of  the  accused,  and. . ..issued  a  verdict.  The  jury  needed 
less  than  thirty  minutes  of  time  to  issue  a  verdict  finding  Dr.  Crippen  guilty 
of  the  crime  of  murder  in  the  first  degree.  This  verdict  sentenced  the  criminal 
to  death  by  hanging.  There  will  be  no  comedy  of  new  trials,  appeals,  and  re- 
quests to  free  the  condemned  on  the  principle  of  habeas  corpus,  as  practiced  in 
the  United  States.  The  only  thing  left  for  Crippen  to  do  is  to  appeal  to  the 


o 


CD 

cri 


I  H 


-  4  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy.  Oct,  24,  1910. 

Secretaxy  of  State,  who  can  commute  the  sentence.  But  this,  however,  rarely 
happens  in  such  cases. 


•^^ 


In  elasticity,  judiciousness,  and  justice,  the  police  as  well  as  the  judges 
fimd  attorneys,  of  England  far  exceed  our  American  jurists  and  guardians  of 
public  safety.     The  court  procedure  there  is  conducted  diligently,  rapidly,  de- 
cisively, and  justly.  This  is  beneficial  to  the  citizens,  since  it  relieves 
them  from  paying  a  group  of  court  spendthrifts  out  of  the  general  funds,  so 
that  they  can  play  the  unnecessary  comedy  role  of  prolonging  the  trial  purposely 
or  repeating  it,  in  order  to  be  able  to  amass  more  money  from  the  county 
treasury.  In  the  American  courts  the  trial  of  such  a  person  as  Lee  Brown, 
accused  of  political  graft,  has  cost  the  state  treasury  five,  or  perhaps  ten, 
times  more  than  the  very  important  trial  of  the  murderer  Crippen  cost  Englcuid. 
The  American  judiciary  is  weak,  and  is  in  desperate  need  of  basic  reform.  Such 
legal  authorities  as  Roosevelt,  Taft,  Hughes,  and  others  have  spoken  on  the 
topic  of  such  refoims  in  no  uncertain  terms.  The  prosecution  of  Crippen  should 
teach  the  Americans  how  legal  procedure  should  really  be  conducted. 


•  CI- 


I  H 

I  D  2  c 

I  D  1  a 

I  K 

I  E 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  Sept.  22,  1910 

/the  problem  of  ciuld  labo^ 

(Editorial) 


The  statistics  presented  by  certain  ladies'  organizations  in  this  country  are 
sad.  They  have  reported  that  over  two  Uiillion  children  under  sixteen  years  of 
age  are  gainfully  employed  throughout  the  United  States.  These  young  people,  who 
should  still  be  in  school,  often  support  their  unemployed  father  and  younger 
members  of  the  family.  While  thousands  of  healthy,  strong  men  are  desperately 
in  search  of  work — their  young  and  wealc  children  perform  hazardous  and  difficult 
7jork  in  factories,  work  which  is  often  beyond  their  physical  endurance.  There, 
where  an  older  person  should  work,  the  unscrupulous  employers  place  a  small  boy 
to  whom  they  pay  niggardly  wages.  Quite  frequently,  these  manufacturers  employ 
young  girls  who  have  not  yet  fully  completed  grammar  school.  Two  million  minors 
do  physical  labor  for  their  bread.  This  is  a  hideous  exploitation  which  incurs 


ttaglm 


I    :: 


I 

r.  £  c 

I 

^^  1   ■a 

I 

1  . 

I 

^   J 

:)z i onnl  1:    //;i ? \z^oy:y ,    >^eot.    :M],    1^.10. 


^OLIor 


the  v/Pith  an'-;    rjcorri  oT  tI:o   civili:'oc    vorld    dirocted   a'^'ninst  the   nation 
vjhich  allov;G   cudi  coriditions   to   crizt.      Jhe  rianuf acturerr^   and  the  iriercnant:; 
iierc  built   ei'j^iror;   oi'  voaloii,    and    live   in  luxury  wi.ilo   frail   anr  vjun  huiaan  c^einrs 
perish  at  their  ,r:ili3 — children  suffer  for  no   fault  of  tiioir  07;n.      i.-v;....    is 
blind  here.      ..von   in  :;uch  sta^o.;    .viiere   t..ere   ic    :e   illation  cirected  against   en- 
•■^-lo'^in",  r.iinorr:    in  factorie.'.}   and  .str)re  — ];or.t   c^.ildren  v^or. .  taiore   "under  tiie  -.•;atcli- 
ful   eyo2'*  of  factoiv,-'   in.^a  ocborG.      .haose  officialo   tire  r.iii/ful   of   ever:,'thin^,    but 
ne^'lect   tli^'^   enforce;\ent  of   rules   an";    re-*ul'atio!i3. 


.vfter  th'    -.orriblo   coal  :riine  accid-nt   at   ^aerr^/,    Illinois,   v;here  three  hundred 
i'linerf-'  :,:et   violent  deatn,    it  a-as   3no'.;n  that   eleven  boys,   vho  7;ere  less   t^.an  f'^urto 
years   of  a-^.e,   v/ere    j.lso   hilled.        Tne   lav;  states    cliat   it   is   illegal   for  anyono  to 
e.Tiplo3^  boys  under  sixteen  years   of  are   in  :::ines.      j^ut,    unfortunately,    our  ler,iG- 
lators   enact   lav/s  v;hich  the   exploitin;:   class  of  our  society  fails   to  observe, 
xhe  parents  ;;iio  send  their  irL:..atu  c  C'.ildren   to  'vori..,    fal..ifyin  ;  tjioir  ar-o  to 

7  anu  jiine  officials,    are  also  to  blai.e.      ^-^ut  aliy  co  v;e  Irave  inspectors,      — • 


factor"/ 


^'>-, 

•*     •/ 


I    I: 


I 

D 

C 

I 

1 

a 

I 

r. 

I 

Dziennll:   ■:.v;iazkov;y,   oei)t.    22,    1910. 


supnorteci  by  ^jublic  taxes,    ivhen  t^.ey  either  do  not   care  or  do  not  lur.ovj 
hov;  to  Liake   certain  v;heth  r  the  children  er.:::loyed   in  the  various  factories 
and  raines   really  are  of  the   le.^-ally  prescribed  are.      Certainly  the  public  does 
not  maintain  inspectors   just  for  superficial   ^mrposes,    but  in  order  that  t..ey 
shall  tend   to   the  duties   :;iven  the::!. 


T^l'rually  exploited  here  are  tne  vjornen  v;orkers  v;ho  do  a  iian's  ^^joriv  and  receive  half 
his  pay.     Various  -;0L:en's  or^^anizations   are  dem.-.ndinfr,  a  charire  of  these  sha^":ip- 
ful  conditions.      Labor  unions  nake  vigorous  protest   a^'^ainst  such  exploitation. 
Des]  ite  all   this,    nothinr,  seems  to  avail   oecause  the  lav;  here  seens  to  exist  to 
benefit   the   catDitalists   -ind  the  :;:iserable  profiteers — not  the  7:orkinr.  peo'ole. 
k;.ow  lon^  v;ill   the  public   allov;  such  unlav:fulness   and  such  exploitation  of  tne   dis- 
TDOssessed  class....  i 


1 .   r. 

n.r 


POLISH 


I  H 


Dzlennlk  Zwlazkowyt  Sept*  1,  1910, 
THE  QUESTION  OF  THE  HIGH  COST  OP  LIVING. 

(Editorial.) 


/^ 


.^■'■^^ 


v» 


The  hi^  cost  of  living  is  occupying  the  minds  of  all  people,  especially  those 
most  affected,  the  working  class.  The  wealthier  people,  who  are  practical 
economists,  are  likewise  pondering  the  cause  of  high  prices.   Some  "blame  the 
tariff,  others  attribute  the  high  cost  of  living  to  the  farmer  and  the  trusts 
who,  as  stockholders,  control  our  commodities  and  hoard  big  supplies  of 
provisions  in  warehouses  and  refrigerators,  accuiiuiated  over  a  period  of  months, 
and  in  many  cases,  years.  Limitation  causes  scarcity,  and  thus  the  increase  in 
price.  Therefore,  those  speculators  whose  objective  is  only  profit  and  who 
cast  aside  all  thought  of  sentiment.  Justice  or  charity  in  their  quest  for 
gold,  are  responsible  for  the  present  conditions. 

It  is  true  that  similar  conditions  exist  In  other  countries,  but  only  as  a 
result  of  wars  and  internal  strife  whereby  the  oiltivation  of  land  was  sadly 
neglected.  Other  countries  are  faced  with  the  serious  problem  of  over- 
ropulation.  In  the  United  States,  however,  that  condition  does  not  exist, 
therefore  v/e  have  great  ranges  of  virgin  land  available  which  can  be  cultivated  by 


-p^ 


I  H 


D;^iennik  Zwiaz^ony,  Sep.  1,  1910. 


POLISH 


our  farmers;  neither  are  we  troubled  with  warfare  or  internal  conflicts.  Oiir 
rich  soil  riroduces  a  lar^e  variety  of  grains  to  fa^>ten  our  poultry  and  cattle# 
We  can  raise  abundant  vegetables  and  fruits.   The  great  -plains,  our  prairie 
ran.=res,  lorovide  sufficient  c^razing  territory  for  nany  herds. 

In  addition,  our  shipmin.r  facilities  are  so  well  developed,  that  we  caji  deliver 
our  produce  and  finished  products  to  any  desired  locality.  There  is  no  "ohysical 
reason  vrhy   the  cost  of  living  should  continue  to  soar  upward,  unchecked.   With 
prices  of  food,  clothing,  fuel,  and  housing  so  unreasonably  high,  the  average 
v/orkingman,  earning  $1»50  per  day,  finds  it  hardly  riossible  to  suDOort  his  fajnily. 
No  wonder,  then,  that  in  the  years  of  so-called  "orosrerity  there  is  great  want 
among  the  poorer  classes. 

These  pressing  matters  should  be  investigated  thoroughl2/  to  determine  the  real 
cause  of  the  hi^  cost  of  living.   In  this  manner  we  can  cut  away  this  social 
canker  which  causes  so  much  misery,  dissatisfaction,  class  hatred  and  extensive 
disorder.   We  can  r;revent  the  theatening  eruption  of  a  volcano  whose  lava  of 
justified  anger  might  overflow  and  exterminate  a  group  of  ruthless  exploiters- 
madmen,  blinded  by  the  lustre  of  gold. 


I  D  1  a 


ICLISH 


Dzionnik  ZvnHy.kovrj   (Zfod-i),  Apr,   8,    1910 


YrU^:   I:.T]::R;^.5'i'J   CF   SCGlE'iT   II,  G^^::iJi;a. 


(Editori'il) 

In  the   strife   between  c^pitral   3nd   labor,   there   is  one   outstandinr  factor 
v;hich   is  noro   inpcrt-nt  than  the   inter'^:;sts  of  either  of  the  tv:o,    and  that 
is  the   interests   of   society   in  general.      TTierefore,   a  discussion  of  the   labor 
T^roblen  nay  Drove   invaluable.      The  public   is   interested   in  the  Toror^ress   of 
T>roduction   as  v:ell   as   in  the   v/elf'-.re   of  the  v/orkinr  classes  engaged   in  this 
Tiroduction,    but   in  the  end  the  **:elf •  re   of  society  as   a  whole   is  most 
im-^ortant. 

It   is  anticir)-^ted  that  the   denands  of  neither  the  employers  nor  the   v/orkers 
can  be   fully  satisfied,     nevertheless,   the;'  are   not  beirc   ignored   or  re- 
stricted for  the  benefit   of   one   side   or  tlie  otlier,    but  for  the   benefit  of 
society  cis  a  v/hole.      The  welfare  of   society  should   act  as  a   c^ide   to  v/hich 
all  indjvidu'd  efforts   should   be  made  to  conform,   and  v;ithin  these 


I  H 

I  D  1  a 


-  2  - 


PuLiSH 


Dziennik  Zwlazkowy  (Zgoda),  Apr,  8,  1910. 


boundaries  all  can  be  assured  of  the  best  conditions.  However,  the  needs 
of  society  come  first.  Under  such  conditions,  society  will  be  enabled  to 
ponder  over  the  problems  of  labor,  as  it  does  over  its  other  economic 
problems.  In  the  end  it  is  powerful  enough  to  enforce  its  will  upon  all 
concerned,  because  the  stand  taken  by  it  is  usually  real  and  reasonable, 
and  can  lead  only  to  peace. 

Many  of  the  minor  issues  prove  easy  to  solve,  but  some  of  the  more  weighty 
and  technical  problems  of  the  tv/o  large  economic  groups  prove  difficult  and 
troublesome.  However,  we  should  not  forget  that,  practically  speaking,  the 
conflicts  between  capital  and  labor  do  not  break  out  over  trivial  matters, 
but  involve  the  forces  of  both  groups,  and  involve  both  important  and  minor 
issues.  The  solution  of  these  problems  does  not  involve  great  difficulty. 
One  more  solved  is  one  less  to  be  coped  with,  and  the  possibility  of  another 
conflict  is  minimized.  In  this  manner  all  friction,  all  hatred  and  antago- 
nism are  eradicated,  to  the  benefit  of  both  capital  and  labor,  and  of  society 
in  general. 


■I 


I  H 

I  D  1  a 


-  3  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy  (Zgoda),  Apr#  8,  1910. 


With  this  aim  in  view,  it  will  first  be  necessary  to  guard  and  maintain  all 
of  the  basic  principles  of  the  present  order,  but  a  practical  road  to  the 
enactment  of  reform  and  the  supplying  the  people  with  new  means  of  solving 
their  problems  will  lead  to  a  very  high  state  of  social  developments  And 
yet,  social  welfare  is  not  wholly  dependent  upon  its  public  servants,  but 
in  a  great  measure  upon  legal,  ethical,  and  civilizational  conditions. 
Therefore,  when  faced  with  the  solution  of  almost  any  economic  problem, 
society  must  evolve  such  methods  as  will  satisfy  all  of  these  demands. 

Furthermore,  society  must  discard  all  of  those  demands  the  solution  of 
which  would  necessitate  a  change  in  its  basic  structure,  that  is,  such  as 
the  abridgement  of  the  rights  of  property  and  personal  freedom,  or  making 
impossible  the  attainment  of  aims  considered  socially  important  and  more 
profitable  than  those  of  the  administration. 


Naturally  social  viev/s  can  change,  and  can  change  to  a  point  that  a  supposed 
state  of  perfection  of  today  will  have  to  be  improved  upon  tomorrow,  and 


I  H 

I  D  1  a 


-  4  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zv/iazkovr/  (Zgoda),  Apr.  8,  1910. 

matters  of  c^eat   importance  be  rendered  insicnif leant.   Our  v;hole  social 
and  political  development  is  subject  to  these  changes  v;hich  are  altering 
some  of  the  old  limitations  and  are  openinc  to  those  interested  in  public 
affairs  nev;  fields  to  develop.  As  lon^:  as  reforms  are  not  brought  about, 
some  of  the  reasons  and  conditions  mentioned  above  are  retarding  them. 
Finally,  v/hen  the  general  view  does  change,  the  v:hole  situation  will  be 
summarized  not  as  to  v;hat  kind  of  a  change  has  taicen  place,  but  hov/  great 
a  change  has  taken  place;  and  then  proceed  to  maKe  restrictions  and  social 
reforms  to  comply  to  the  demands  of  the  existing  order,  v;hose  aims  are 
considered  more  flexible  and  important. 


Application  of  these  principles  to  the  labor  question  is  not  suggestive  of 
a  very  important  task.  The  requirements  and  desires  of  one  group  or  the 
other  should  be  fulfilled  ns  auickly  as  possible,  if  they  stand  for  the 
good  of  societ:/-  in  general;  or  they  should  be  unconditionally  discarded,^;' 
if  they  clash  v;ith  it.  Therefore,  conditions  favorable  to  society,  but/-. 


I  H 

I  D  1  a 


-  5  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy  (Zgoda),  Apr*  8,  1910* 


discriminatory  to  either  the  working  classes  or  the  employer,  should  be 
immediately  changed,  and  the  rights  of  both  groups  should  be  equalized* 

In  determining  the  utility  of  proposed  refOOTis,  and  deciding  upon  them 
favorably  we  must  take  into  consideiration  the  pireponderance  of  either  the 
material  or  moral  benefit  that  is  to  be  derived  therefrom*  In  this  way 
society  can  limit  itself  on  its  responsibility  in  the  labor  disputes.  It 
is  also  well  to  remember  that  in  the  United  States  no  individual  or  agency 
is  as  capable  of  bringing  about  the  many  necessary  reforms,  and  peace 
between  capital  and  labor,  as  society  itself* 

Society  understands  best  the  issues  involved  in  the  many  controversies. 
Therefore,  it  is  most  capable  of  bringing  about  peace  and  the  necessary 
reforms  without  strife  and  bloodshed. 


I 


\> 


v> 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  Z,5oda,  Feb.  21,  1910. 


7 


/TACKER  prosecuted  for  selling  ?r!EAT  UNFIT  FOR  CONSUMPTIOl^ 

The  courts  are  finally  be^innirit^  to  prosecute  one  of  the  nost  unscru'oulous 
trusts  in  the  Country  -  the  I'eat  Trust. 


We  are  informed  by  telep:ram  that  the  National  Packing  Co.  of  New  Jersey  is 
being  tried  for  holding  meats  in  cold  ^tora.ee  for  unusually  lon.^  r>eriods  of 
time,  creating  thereby  a  scarcity  for  tre  "purpose  of  obtainin^-^  high  Torices; 
and  for  selling:  r)oisonous  and  contaminated  meats. 


fn\ 


They  are,  however,  not  charged  v/ith  the  violation  of  the  Shernaji  Anti- Trust 
law.   This  Corporation  is  charged  with  the  violation  of  an  old  English  law, 
according  to  which,  if  tv/o  or  more  "oersons  enter  into  crim.inal  consT)iracy, 
although  the  actual  crime  be  committed  by  onl2/  one  of  the  parties  involved, 
both  are  equally  guilty. 

During  the  grand  jury  hearing,  a  turkey  that  has  been  in  storage  for  seven 
years,  "as  presented  as  evidence.   The  frozen  bird,  anpeared  to  the  nal^'ed  eye 
to  be  good;  exinerts,  hov/ever,  claim  that  u-oon  thawing,  it  would  be  nlainly 
visible  that  the  meat  is  in  an  advajiced  s*:>ate  of  decomposition,  and  that  it  is 
positiTely  unfit  for  human  consumr>tion.   It  was  further  proved  that  the 


X 


POLISH 


"c\ 


-:^- 


..If  ,  ^ 


Dziennik  Z-viazko-vy,  Zcg-oda.  Feb.  21,  1910 • 


National  Ta^ckina   Go.  withheld  neats  fron  the  market  until  the  prices  were 
forced  ut^,  and  only  then  released  the  nt-^ats  Br-dually  iron  cold  storage 
thereby  k^e^in^^  the  r^rice  ur;  also  that  the  directors  of  the  Comrany 
received  reports  of  tlie  r-arket  TDrices  from  the  Management  Derart-.ent,  four 
times  weekly,  and  re^lat^^d  the  release  of  neats  from  cold  storage  accordingly 

If  this  case  is  dealt  with  according  to  the  laws  of  the  State  of  Illinois, 
the  Governor  will  experience  much  difficulty  in  "preventing  extradition  of 
those  guilty  of  rrice  manirulation,  and  sale  of  poisonous  and  contaminated 
food. 


l.'aturally,  the  ma^oiates  will  emnloy  all  the  Dolitical  influence  at  their 
command  to  obstruct  justice*  Public  or)inion  should,  however,  give  full 
support  to  the  r^residing  judges  in  Tew  Jersey  City;  it  should  demand,  that, 
each  and  every  one  of  the  guilty  T)arties  be  brought  to  trial  and  punished. 


I  II 

II  D  1 
II  D  5 


rcLisii 


Dzienni]:  .i'  i;'.2::o:r/,_  Zrod-:! ,  jeb.   7,   191C 


(■Editorial) 

In  A7>ril   of   l-.ist  :/G^..r  the  Lerislatiire   of  the  St'-u:e   of  Illinois  instructed  the 
representatives  of  Illinois  in  Conrross  to  sii-^]^crt  their  colleacue,   Ccnfjressman 
Lunrlin,    in  a  notion  for  an  old-a^e  pension  lav:,    sL^iilar  to  the  r;any  European 
tension  lavrs  nov/  in  force.     As  a  result   of   this  notion  a  coniiiittee  of   seven 
neribers  v/as  appointed  to  investigate  and  study  the  European  pension  laws  and 
to  nahe  a  rer;ort  of  their  findint:s  not  later  'ohan  January  1,   1911* 

Tl-iis   is  a  very  inr)crtant  natter,  and  tj\e  Lnited  States  as  a  civilized  countr^^, 
should  ado^t  a  pension   systen  for  the   af:ed,    sinilar  to   the  pension  lav/s   in 
force   throughout  Europe . 


•J 


CD 


-—J 


It   is  tiT.e  that  the  pension  s:/steiii  for  the   a/";ed   is  a  nev;  idea,   but   it   really 
has  been  tried  out  before,   and  vath  c^sat   success,    in  several  countries. 


I  H 

II  D  1 
II  D  5 


PCII SK 


D^.ienni":  Z,'..'iazI:ovr,'',  Z-'oda,  ?eb.  7,  1910. 


Deniiiarl:  nade  the  Tirst  attempt;  Encl^uid,  France,  and  Austria  follov/ed*  Gemany 
and  other  nations  are  also  exr>erinentinr. 


Tiie  Danish  s^^sten  pays  a  r;ension  to  all  v;orkers  of  sixty  years  of  a^^e  or  over, 
Tlie  amount  of  the  pension  is  based  on  the  place  of  residence,  tlie  state  of 
health,  and  various  otiicr  stipulations. 

Uev;  Zealand  adopted  a  pension  systC!i  in  1897.  Tiiis  systen  has  been  constantly 
improved  until  in  1008  it  '.ris  pronounced  suf*ficient.  It  provides  ohat  all 
v/orkers  attaininc  the  ^if-e  of  sixty-eir^it  sh.all  be  eli^-ible  uo  the  pension  pro- 
vided they  can  prove  tv;enty-five  ye-irs  of  residence  and  that  tliey  have  never 
been  convicted  of  a  najor  crr.e.   TFie  amount  of  the  pension  is  .J?2.50  per  week. 
All  nersons  in  the  country  must  contribute  lo  the  c^neral  fund,  and  the  amount 
v;hich  ep.ch  one  contributes  is  so  small  that  it  is  ali;iost  ne.:;;li£ible.  But  to  the 
thousands  of  old  people  these  -pensions  are  a  life  saver,  /ilthough  the  amount  of 
the  pension  is  small,  it  is  enough  to  provide  them  v/ith  the  bare  necessities  of 


-a 


TO 

o 


CO 

en 


I  II 

II  D 
II  D 

1 
5 

Dziennil:  Zv:lazl:ov;y,    Zcodn ,   Feb.    7,    1910. 


PGLISJI 


life.      They  do  not  liave  to  defend  on  their  children  or  upon  ciiarity  for  their 
su^'-nort. 


Corif ortnl)le  hones  v;ith  be?.utiful  Gurroundinv^'s  liave   been  established  for  these 
old  -^€07^10.     Here  for  ten  dollr^rs  a  nonth  the;''  C'.n  live   in  confort  and  noderite 
luxury. 

Belfiir:  established   a  pension  in  19-0;   Italy,   France,    and  Austria-IIuiif^ary  have 
had  a  nonsion  s:/ste!.'i  for   sor.e  tir:e.     It  is  beinc   iir.r^roved  froi.i  ye?ir  to  ye--.r. 
Only  recently  they  liave  decided  to  extend  the   T>ension  yrivilece  to  ail  classes 
of  ^eo^^le  and  to  all   the   at^'tes    in  tlie  countrv. 


7Z) 


c-r»- 


Australia,    after  Many  trials,   has  finally  established  a  pension  la:?  v/hich  v;ent 
into  effect  C  xly  1,    1C09.      Tliis  la'.v  v.rovidos  that  all  v/oiien  attaininc  the   are 
of  sizcty  and  all  :.:en  of   sixty-five  or  over  shall   receive  a  pension  of  i-^.SC 


7, 


■aer  -.Teeic. 


11  "j  1 


Dr.ieTiJUl: 


-y;i^Z::ov;y,    /!.rQda,    Fe 


•^  • 


POLISH 


Tl-ie  AnorlcMi  consul  at  lie-."  Cnstle,  ::ev;  Souti;  "./ales,  v/rites  that  the  establish- 
ment Ox"  the  '■•ension  la\;  v/e3  rc-eivea  "ith  ,*3reat  praise.  It  is  a  nececS:.<rv  and 
for^varu  step  in  the  econordc  lii'o  cT  tlie 
hundre  1  eld  neonle   receive    uheir  :";ensions 


^ccrle. 


o  • 


I  have  v/atciied   aoout  Torr 
It  v/'is  a  touching   si{:ht,   and   it 
rr.ore  thnn  ever  convinceu.  i;e   o±    the  need  of  sL.'.ilM"*  lerisl'iticn  in  th;C  Lnited 
St-too. 

Env'^land  established  a  i^>cnsicn   sYster:  onlv   rccontl",    and   in  co]..^^ariscn  7:itJi  other 
countries  the  ?cT.ount  to   bo   received  br*  the   old  r;eo^-;le    is  very  r.eafor.      It  r)ro- 
vidcs  for  a  ^^ension  of  ".5  cents   to  l.''\o  rer  v/eeh  to  all  v/ho  have  attained  tlie 


,;e  understand  th'i. L  Canad":    ha:^.  ado^-^ted  the    s-^iie    sy sto::i.      Nor^v 


a[*e  oi    seventy. 

and  S'.voden  -ire  nc?  r.'orh.inr  out  ^.  pension  syste].:.      In  rrei":.any  ri  ^-ension  systen 
v:as  establisiied   in  1C91  'ind  anotf\er   in   1899,    but   tliey  v;ere  sL-iilar  to  the 
Italian  and  /vustro-ldunrarian  tension   ryastens,   wliich  applied  only  to  a  cei-tain 
class  of  T>eo-'^.le  and  affected  only  about  t'.;onty-five  per  cent   of  the   total  popu- 
lation.    Russia,   l\irhey,   Sr^ain,   and  lortuyal  h.ave  no  T^ension   systen  as  yet  and 


■X) 


CO 


T 


-    D    - 


II    !)   1 
II   I)  5 


Dziennik 


.-j^ 


'-a  a: 


;Kov7y, 


ZrO'l 


1.  -> 


b'eh.    7,    1910 


PC  LIS] 


.^.re  not  vor;.''  T^rorrossive . 
liny  tension  3"stcr.. 


Tl^.e  Lnited   Stntes   rmd  South  Ajierica  are  also  v;ithout 


Con.^-ress   should  r"tri:s  a  pension  l^f.;,      V/e  as  a  pro:*resi;ive   couiitry  should  hanc 
our  heads  in  shai.e,      V.'e   are  no\^  classed  v;it}:   the  ::tOst  hacrr.Tard  and  unprocressive 
nations.     Vast   sur.is  of  i.ioney  are   sT^ont  for  all  iianner  of  welf--:ro  v;orl:   in  the 
United   Stat  or,.     Hospit^ds,    shelters,    orplian  hoi^es,   hones   for  the  af:ed,  hoMos 
for  the  hlind  and  for  the    crir.~^led  and  r.any  others  are   scattered  tlirouchout 
the  country,    financed  by  public  funds,   by  private  donations,    and  by  charitable 
organizations • 


o 

-^ 

en 


Nevertheless  r.any  people  die  of  hvinner,  cold  and  disease.  A  Liea,^:er  pension  of 
^2.50  a  v/eek  v;ould  eliiainate  a  -'reat  deal  of  this  suffering  anions:  -ohose  unable 
to  vrorl:  because  of  old  a^e. 


7  ' 


any  corporations  are  establishing:  pension  systei.is  for  their  employes;  the 
railroads  are  doinn  lihev;ise. 


I  H 

II  D  1 
II  D  5 


-  6 


Dzienail:  Zv;iazkovr/,   Zr:od:i,   Feb.   7,   1910. 


PCLI 3?: 


The  Folipih  National  Alliance  at  itc  Iv^st  convention  decided  -co  build  a  hor.'.e 
for  the  ared  and  cri-npled  and  is  dctorr.ined  to  find  a  v;ay  by  ;/hich  the  death 
benefits  v;ill  be  nayable  in  v/hole  or  in  part  in  C'-'se   the  beneficiary  is  cri;^pled 
for  life. 


\        y 

I  H  Dziennik  Zwia2kow;^%  Zf:oda,  Jan.  28,  1910.   '-.'^.-^  ' 

/a  much  needed  INSTITUTIOI^ 
^ditoria]/ 

Postal  savings  banks  are  a  current  topic  of  conversation  and  discussion.   Favor- 
ing their  establishment  are  many  senators  who,  not  so  long  ago,  opposed  then. 
This  movement  is  strongly  supported  by  President  Taft  and  the  majority  of  our 
congressmen.  The  founding  of  pof^tal  savings  banks  was  a  verj-'  prominent  issue 
in  the  last  national  election  campaign.  The  Republican  party  adopted  the 
measure  as  a  plank  in  the  party  platform,  and  now  this  obligation  must  be 
fulfilled. 


The  public  demand  for  postnl  savings  banks  is  due  to  Tinsound  conditions  and 
the  continual  failures  of  banks  throughout  the  country.  The  men  at  the  head 
of  these  banks  receive  light  sentences,  and  are  released  after  a  short  stay 
in  prison.  Two  of  these  wrongdoers,  Stensland  and  Herring,  have  just  been 
liberated.   Such  conditions  have  opened  the  eyes  of  those  who  heretofore  most 
vehemently  opposed  the  creation  of  the  postal  savings  banks. 


I  i: 

I  D  1  a 


POLISH 


Dziermlk  Zv;iazkowy,   Zgoaa,  Jan.   IS,  1910 


IN  TIIE  IIAi.II::   C;F  JL^STICE 


(Editorial) 

The  last  act  of  the  tracedy  v;hich  plunged  hundreds  of  lainers  into  eternity  at 
Cherry,  Illinois,  is  beinf;  played  at  the  present  tine  in  the  State  capital  at 
Sppincf ield. 


-a 

ZXJ 

O 


In  a  fcv/  tjeeks  the  mines  v/ill  bo  reopened.  Tlie  dead  rainers  v/ill  be  in  their 
graves^  The  widows  and  orphans  ;all  scatter  to  all  parts  of  the  country^  And 
the  Dress  v/ill  be  silent.  The  caT)it.'jLlistic  monster  v/ill  resunie  its  traffic  in  \'i 
human  lives,  disregarding  the  safety  of  thousands  of  men  for  the  sal:e  of  greedy  Zr 
profit. 


These  conditions  will  prevail  until  another  catastrophe  occurs,  v/hich  v/ill  again 
remind  the  public  of  the  gross  negligence  of  the  greedy  capitalists.  At  present 
our  representatives  at  Springfield,  v;ho  are  responsible  for  the  safety  and  the 
v/elfare  of  the  -oublic,  are  pondering  over  the  fate  of  the  miners*  families. 


I  H 

I  a  1  a 


o 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zv/iazkoxvy,  Zp:oda,  Jan.  18,  1910. 


Their  vrelfare  and  rehabilitation  is  nost  important,  'fl-iere  are  443  children, 
averac'-^inc  about  five  years  of  ace,  and  their  mothers  must  be  taken  care  of. 

The  enactment  of  leeislation  to  prevent  the  recurrence  of  similar  tragedies  is 
a  grave  problem.  Lav/s  protectiiiT  the  life  and  the  health  of  the  v/orkingmaii 
are  necessary  and  v/ill  have  to  be  enacted.  Laws  protecting  the  v/orkers  in  all 
industries  are  in  force  throuchout  Europe. 

The  public  conscience  v;ill  find  peace  and  satisfaction  in  such  legislation  be- 
cause it  v/ill  end  this  v/anton  v;e<ste  of  life  by  unscinipulous  employers. 

There  are  about  70,000  people  employed  in  hazardous  occupations  in  the  State  of 
Illinois,  and  about  700,000  are  similarly  employed  tliroughout  the  United  States. 
These  people  are  compelled  to  v/ork  at  these  hazardous  occupations  or  to  starve. 
Tliey  have  no  alternative.  They  are  exposed  daily  to  certain  death  or  horrible 
mutilation. 


O 


<-^ 


I  H 

I  D  1  a 


-  3  - 


PCLISH 


Dzieniiik  Zwiazkovy,  Zcgda,  Jan.  18,  1910. 


So  in  the  name  of  justice  the  public  should  demand  i^asonable  protection  and 
safety  for  the  v/orl:er  v/ho  supports  his  family  v/ith  the  me.ger  earnincs  of  his 
hard  labor* 

In  the  name  of  justice  and  decency,  the  v/orker  is  entitled  -co  soLie  measure  of 
safety,  I7e  should  prevent  by  lav;  the  recurrence  of  such  tragedies,  severely 
punishing  "che  violators,  who  are  responsible  for  the  lives  aiid  the  safety  of 
the  people  whom  they  employ. 

A  commission  of  three  miners,  three  owners,  and  three  persons  representing  the 
public  was  appointed  to  investigate  the  mines  in  the  State  of  Illinois. 

They  thorou('|ily  investigated  all  mine  shafts,  fire-fighting  apparatus,  and  alarm 
systems,  and  the  result  of  this  investication  is  embodied  in  a  bill  v;hich  is  no?/ 
before  t:ie  senate. 


-t2 

7C 


cr^ 


Ilot  only  the  mining  industry  shoiild  be  subject  to  regular  inspections;  a 


I  K 

I  D  1  a 


-  4  - 


PCLI SH 


Dziennik  ^'viazkov;^'',   Zrada,  Jan.   IS,   191C. 


complete   study  and   survey  of   safety  neasures   should  be  made.      These   safety 
measures  shotild  be  enforced.     Tl-ie  niner  must  fainiiliarize  himself  vdth  all 
safety  rules,  and  he  riust  know  ho?/  to  fis^t  fires  caused  by  the   presence  of 
poisonous  and  explosive  gases,  v/hich  cause  nost  of  the  Lxine  disasters. 

The  li^uropean  iriines  are  e;iuipped  v/ith  c-s-detectinc  devices  v/hich  sound  an  alarm 
in  all  parts   of  the  mine,  v/arninr^  the  men  to  run  for  the  exits.     After  all  the 
miners  have    oeen  talcen  to   the   surface,   a  crov;  of  men  v/ith   special  equipment, 
protected  ar;ainst  deadly  furies,   descends   into  the  mine   and  forces  out  all  the 
deadly  c^^ses. 

Liany  of  the   safety  devices  used  in  "European  mines  could  not  bo  used  in  our 
iuierican  r.iinos  for  obvious  reasons,   and  that   is  v/hy  v;e  experience   so  many 
disasters. 


-X3 


-a 

TO 
CD 


fN:> 


c«^ 


'.7e  must  admit  that  not  all  accidents  are  avoidable,  but  emerr-ency  measures  and 
apparatus  v.lth  v/hich  to  combat  fire,  smoke,  and  c^s  should  be  on  hand  in  order 


I  li 

I  D  1  a 


-  5  - 


PCLISH 


Dzieimik  Zv/iazkov/^^,   Z^oda,   Jan.   18,   1910 


to  reduce  the  casualties  ^o  a  ninimiLm. 


Tliere  is  no  doubt  that  the  bills  now  before  the   legislature  r;ill  be  passed^ 
And  in  the  name  of  justice   and  of  the  thousands  of  v/idov/s  and  orphans  vre  hope 
that  these  lavrs  vrill  be  enforced. 


ro 
— J 


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I  C 

-  6  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkov/y,  L-Iay  20,  1909. 


original  owners.  These  crimes  increase  daily.  Juring  the  first  week 
of  last  year  th^re  were  556  robberies  reported.  This  year,  in  Chic:igo, 
there  v/ere  953.  The  smaller  petty  larcen^^  cases,  or  the  numbor  of  per- 
sons injured  are  not  included.  Conditio:^.:  are  rjstting  v/orse.  Should 
the  citizens  not  require  from  the  police  department  a  stronger  en- 
forcement of  the  laws,  crime  v;ill  be  out  of  control.  «hy  should  the 
burden  be  shouldered  by  the  citizenry?  V/hy  should  millions  be  spent, 
if  the  e:cpenditures  do  not  bring  an}^  results?  The  safety  of  the  citizen 
is  jepardiz^d  to  such  an  extent  that  he  sometimes  is  not  certain  of 
his  life.   The  bandit  -roups  have  gro;vn  and  spread  rut   more  rapidly  in 
the  cities  than  the  Italian  b-andits  in  the  hills  and  forests. 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkor/y^  Feb,  24,  1909, 

^AKE  EMF  riaiENT  AGENCIiis7  •  ^ 

(Editorial) 

In  the  larif:er  citie?  of  the  United  States,  there  are  s^*)ecial  offices  naned 
en-^loynent  a-^encies.   The  aim  of  these  offices  is  to  act  as  a.^ent  between 
er^r)loyer  and  employee, i.  e;  to  find  for  the  er.T>loyer  skilled  v/orkers,  and 
for  the  unenf^loyed,  suitable  en-nloynent .   If  it  were  not  for  tlie  fact  thrt 
the-e  a^^encies  are  ba'^ed  on  swindle  and  fraud,  they  v^ould  renrier  a  valiiablfi 
service  to  the  unenDloyed.   The  ria,iority  of  these  offices  are  in  char.:2:e  of 
leeches  and  swindlers  of  the  worst  kind,   V'e  are  in  possession  of  nuch 
evidence  which  r^roves  that  th.ese  a;P:encies  rob  laborers  who  are  looking  for 
employr-ent,  of  their  last  r^ennies,  without  fulfilling  even  the  slightest 
obligation.  The  majority  of  these  victims  are  the  recent  imni.«rrants  who  are 
without  knowled.^e  of  the  En<frlish  lan^^are  and  ic^morant  of  the  customs  of 
American  people,  The-e  av^encie^  extort  to  the  linit,  taJcin^^  their  last  cent 
for  services  and  transportation,  whereupon  the  laborers  are  sent  to  another 
city,  often  several  hundred  miles  away  and  when   arriving,  it  is  found  that 
the  T^roffered  work  does  not  exist,  or  that  the  contractor  is  dishonest  aiid 
exploits  them  li^'e  slaves;  finally,  after  a  few  weeks,  he  "throws  t'  en  out," 
to  make  room  for  ot^ier  victirs» 


A  few  laborers  from  Cliica^o  infor^;  ed  us  hov^  they  v/ere  sent  several  hundred 
miles  from  Chica^^o,  after  m>35,00  v/a?.  collected  from  them  for  railroad  tickets 
and  commission. 


POLISH 


-t:>- 


;•, 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  Feb.  24,  1909. 

VAien  they  arrived  at  their  destination,  they  fo^md  there  was  uo  work,  so 
they  came  hack  to  Chicago  on  foot  and  by  stealing  riches;  one  of  the^.  w^is 
killed  by  falling  fron  a  freight  train. 

^Then  they  cormolained  at  the  agencies,  they  were  thrown  out.   Sv;i:idled  laborers 
were  comrielled  to  find  justice  in  courts,  but  there  a^ain  they  found  other 
leeches,  in  the  r>erson  of  crooked  law:/ers  who  demanded  exhorbitant  fees  in 
advance;  then^beinp;  out  of  funds,  t-^.ey  .^ave  up;  while  a/Tencies  continued  to 
swindle  other  victims.   Sore  agencies  are  in  consr)iracy  with  contractors  and 
foremen  in  frxtories,  railroads,  mines  or  forests,  with  whom  they  split  the 
commission  received  fron  the  poor  laborers,  who  are  given  work  for  a  short  time 
and  then  are  thro^yn  out  to  be  reT)laced  by  other  victims  of  the  connivers. 


The  Immigrants  Protective  League  made  an  investigation  in  Chicago  and   found 

that  49  out  of  56  of  the  agencies  investigated  were  ■'practicing  exr^loitation  of 

unem;rloyed,  sending  them,  in  ptoi^^s  to  various  cities,  where  there  was  no  work 

or  where  they  v;ere  underpaid  for  work  of  short  duration,  and  for  which  they 

collected  from  36  to  •314,   The  Lea.gue  is  ^reraring  a  bill  be  be  subm/itted  to 

the  State  Legislati:re,  demanding  that  all  enrlo;^ment  agencies  shall  be  vnt 
under  the  State  control. 


POLISH 


-3- 


Dzirnnik  Z:yi5zko\7y,    Peb.    24,    1909. 

T'\e  ^ToroT^ed  bill  -nrovides  that   all  private  eimlo^/ment  agencies  nust  be 
licensed    by  the   State  and  controlled  by  a  f^recial   State  conrnissioner; 
coiTirnissions   should  be   re-ailated  by  law,    and  rhere  the  agency  is  not  able   to 
summly   erToloyment,    that   it    should  be  corimell  ed   to   return  all   fees  which  have 
been  collected,      T'^e  -nro-oor,ed  bill    forbids  also    t'^at   cornissions  be   s^lit 
with  contractors,    and   that   forenen,    in  any  case  of  violation  of  this  law,    be 
severely  -ounished. 

All  agencies   should   give  a  written  contract    in  the  langua^'-.e  in  which  the 
aT)T)licant  maices  his  a'O'olication.      T^-e  na^e  of  the  r^rosnective  employer,    his 
address,   kind  of  work,   wa.^es  anc  loeriod  of  employment,   must   be   ^iven  in  said 
contract.      If   this  bill    is  r>assed,    then   there  will   be  no  more   exioloitation 
by. leeches,    ooerating  in  the  ^ise  of  ermlo^Tent   agencies. 


fT\ 


Prue,  there  are  a  few  honestl;/  conducted  agencies,  which  are  fulfilling  their 
obligations;  but  the  majority  are  managed  by  cheaters  and  should  be  dis- 
continued. 


The  very  near  future  will  sliow  whether  our  le^w  makers  at  the  State  Capital 
are  willing  to  solve  this  ^^roblem. 


■•^*»f^^^^^*=J~ 


I  H 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkov/y,  liar.   11,   1908. 


FREEDOM  OF  SPEECH 


(Editorial) 

Because  <of  thanurderous  attack  by  an  anarchist  upon  the  life  of  the  Chicago 
chief  of  police,  much  has  been  said  and  v/ritten  in  the  last  fev;  days  about 
freedom  of  speech. 

Special  attention  was  dravm  to  the  case  of  Kmma  Goldman,  well-known  anarchist 
agitator,  who  demanded  her  right  to  speak  publicly  in  Chicago.  This  right, 
hov/ever,  was  denied  to  Iviiss  Gk)ldman  because  of  the  public's  demand  that  police 
stop  all  public  speaking  on  street  corners. 

On  the  other  hand,  public  opinion  is  against  policemen  depriving  the  people 
of .their  constitutional  rights,  and  threats  have  been  made  that  this  right 
will  be  protected  cost  what  it  may,  police  or  no  police. 

Freedom  of  speech  is  a  precious  acquisition  wen  after  centuries  of  hard    — ■ 


X 


c'l 

y 


■».'-•'-■; 


--■>■; 


I  H 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


Dziennllc  Zwiazkowy,  Mar.  11,  1908, 

struggle  and  many  sacrifices  and  should,  therefore,  be  jealously  guarded 
and  protected  against  ever,  the  smallest  violation. 

It  is  indeed  unjust  to  put  the  stain  of  crime  in  the  hands  of  a  vjorthy 
cause.  Many  as  have  been  the  crimes  committed  in  the  name  of  freedom, 
its  principles  remain  unchanged.  The  same  is  true  of  religion;  yet  it 
remains  beautiful  as  alv;ays. 

We  should,  therefore,  maintain  the  proper  attitude  tovjard  freedom  of 
speech  and  realize  that  it  is  not  necessary  to  abolish  or  restrict  it 
because  of  a  few  individuals  who  are  against  it. 


In  our  opinion,  free  speech  at  street  corners,  halls,  and  other  places 
should  not  be  barred  merely  because  some  one  :fiay  say  something  opposed 
to  our  individual  views.  Besides,  such  restriction  of  free  speech  is 
unconstitutional.  Rather  than  condemn  free  speech,  we  should  see  that 


A 


I  H 


-  3  - 


POLISH 


Dziennlk  Zwiazkowy,  Mar*  11,  1908. 

no  abuses  are  committed  against  it  by  people  who  look  at  hiiman  rights  from 
their  ovm  side  of  the  fence. 

Every  civilized  country  has  laws  against  abuse  of  free  speech.  To  incite 
others  to  commit  a  crime  is  an  abuse  of  free  speech.  If  there  is  no  law 
against  these  abuses,  one  should  be  enacted.  Such  law  should  be  worded 
so  as  to  point  out  very  clearly  what  is  the  limit  in  free  speech,  so  that 
we  may  determine  what  constitutes  a  violation.  Because  of  the  absence 
of  a  more  specific  law,  absolute  freedom  of  speech  is  implied. 

Let  us  use  common  sense  in  all  actions  and  remain  within  the  boundaries 
of  the  law.  V/e  should,  therefore,  not  limit  the  rights  of  citizens  just 
because  we  think  that  some  one  might  abuse  us. 


I  H 
I  K 


^ 


ziennJk  Chlo-.  :oa::it  Vol 


TfT  T 


..C  • 


r^  t^  f^    y 


■V- 


or 


,    1906 


1..V 


■i.-> 


ar=,    renuoGted   t-    •■■un:  IgIi   tie   rol2v\/Liv-'   conirnun:' cation: 


3optoj!:ber   23rd   the    Illinois   Coual    luffra^-    .'.Coooi*a.icn  hac   cent   out   a 
i.le:;ati:n  tc-oi-anlzo  T-lcs  -/Ith  thv:    -urj^se   of   •jncouir— in-    oh-   ?oli::h 
r:omen   in  vrorl:iri::''^to"cthor  to  ^^et  )i-r-   rljhtn   for  the-  v;ci::en.    It  rnn'nly  ccn- 


ceres   the   n-^v;  charter  :;-''nj   i^v  of'^uot  next  year  v.hen   the   city  of  Chiea-o 
v;ill   bo   C'li-ecl   tc    enact   a  Ioa-  ,.;iv-^.>^^  v/o).ien  ^aunici^-al   cur:':a,;e.    3ono   ctatoj 
have   ha:!   t]i:.3   la-./  -jnforo^a:   for  ?:ia:i/'    years,    each   as   Kansaj   ^incc    1357,    lo-m 
fran   139^.    ::s::id-3   tiie   t;;c    otatec   ^:-.ntienad,   ..nylana,    Ireland   and   Jcctland 
have    alr;o    similar   \i\\:.    Tw.    la\Y  ji-antiny   full    suff ranee   has   "bean   eaaeled   up 
tc   trie   time    in  the   follovdny   states :   ".yorriin-,   Utalj,    Idaho,    Oreaon,    Colorado, 
likev/ise    !Ie-;   Zealand    ana    Goatherxi   .'jnjtralia. 


Patiti   ':\z  riiW    ha    3ent   c^t   to 
securin-    tlie  niuniolrial    lavr,    t. 


<"   1  'TO 


oha   oh-rter   convention  vrith.  the   aim  of 

the    rhdit   to   vote. 


lic  ■/oiien   of  ohicanc    ^. 


<-> 


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Dziei^v.il:  Cliic^v_osIa, 


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Vl.t>.  - » 


/ 


r^  p , 


o 


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e    l'r.7   :.::    ^ii.iit'^d   to    ccijoI   ; 
the  v;or:iC:']  vote   0:1]^-    en  ^oliorl   affaire*  *'e   r.^^:  etfully   f..cl]nit  th-1 
rrr-inen  h':noflt   at   --rezjent   frc:;;  lho::c 


let- 


tin,'-; 


very   lev; 


J.  — 


'>JK.      • 


I  H 


POLISH 


Dzlennik  Chlcagoekl,  July  26,  1897# 


TEIE  SIGNIFICANCE  OF  THE  TARIFF  BILL 


(Editorial) 

Last  Saturday  afternoon  (July  24)  the  new  tariff  bill^  in  the  form  accepted 

by  Congress  was  sent  to  President  McKinley  for  his  signature,  and  signed  without 

delay  at  4:07  P.M« 


This  bill, some  of  whose  paragraphs  are  not  favored  by  some  people,  has  a  good 
side  to  it,  since  it  places  a  general  limit  on  the  uncertainty  of  the  business- 
man and  the  manufacturer,  who  now  find  a  basis  for  their  inventories  and  are  no 
longer  in  a  state  of  uncertainty.  Th^  now  will  know  which  goods  to  import, 
what  fabrics,  and  under  what  conditions  they  may  be  profitably  p\ir chased  and 
brought  into  this  country* 


The  elimination  of  this  general  state  of  uncertainty  will  bring  a  marked  im- 
provement to  business  and  industry  and  promises  a  brighter  future*  This  change 


IH 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


Dziennlk  Chlcagoskl,  July  26,  1897 • 

is  not  going  to  be  evoked  by  the  new  tariff  alone,  for,  even  without  it, 
conditions  would  turn  for  the  better,  except  for  the  constant  opposition  between 
the  two  parties  and  the  constant  propaganda  pro  and  con  the  new  bill  and 
present-day  t€uc  laws*  At  present  further  propaganda  should  come  to  a  stop. 
Every  businessman  and  manufacturer  knows  what  is  good  for  him,  emd  for  every 
financier  a  field  of  activity  opens  upon  definite  given  laws* 

All  indications  point  toward  better  times*  Industry  will  begin  full  operation, 
idle  workers  will  find  employment,  business  will  become  active,  capital  will  be 
released,  for  the  American  people,  convinced  by  the  evidence  of  the  last  years 
of  prosperity,  are  aweuro  that  sudden  revolutionary  changes  in  systems  of  tax- 
ation, as  well  as  the  substitution  of  certain  tariff  bills,  undermine  the  pros- 
perity of  the  entire  country  and  threaten  it  with  financial  bankruptcy* 


V 

-•  o 
■  -J 


If  the  present  tariff  bill  is  going  to  require  certain  changes,  and  it  will 
require  them  without  doubt,  these  changes  will  be  brought  about  gradually  in  the 
future  so  as  not  to  disturb  the  entire  business  set-up  of  the  country,  not  to 


I  H 


-  3  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Chlcagoskl,  July  26,  1897 ♦ 

mention  the  interests  of  the  politicians  themselves* 

H*  S«  Fingree,  Governor  of  Michigan,  is  against  certain  items  on  the  bill* 
Previous  to  the  sending  of  the  bill  for  the  President's  signature  on  Saturday, 
he  had  sent  a  telegram  to  Senator  Burrows  and  Representatives  Corliss  and 
Spaulding*  The  telegram  reads  as  follows: 


**I  consider  taxes  on  wood,  hides,  and  sugar  as  unrepublican,  unpatriotic,  and 
unjust*  Wood  is  mostly  used  for  the  building  of  homes  for  workers  and  farmers 
who  represent  the  poorest  classes,  and  is  already  taxed  too  much*  A  worker 
uses  twice  as  many  pairs  of  shoes  as  a  millionaire*  For  what  reason  must  the 
worker  pay  double  for  his  wear  than  the  capitalist?  He  uses  as  much  sugar  as 
the  millionaire  and  again  pays  as  much  tax*  It  is  one  of  the  greatest  wrongs  to 
have  the  government  collect  from  the  poor  worker  the  same  taxes  it  collects 
from  the  rich*  Tax  property,  not  the  stomach •  Our  personal  property  is  under 
the  protection  of  the  government  and  for  this  protection  payment  is  due* 


CD 


*^*  S*  Pingree*** 


I  H 


-  4  - 


POLISH 


Dziennlk  Chlcagoslclt  July  26,  1397 • 


There  is  a  great  deal  of  truth  in  the  protest  of  the  Governor  of  Michigan^ 
It  deserves  a  great  deal  of  consideration* 


> 

^ 


-a 

--1 


■  -J 


t-iy-r^m- 


I  H 


POLISH 


Dzlennlk  Chlcagoskl,  July  9,  1897« 


NEW  CUSTOMS  TARIFF 


(Editorial) 

The  supporters  of  the  New  Tariff  Act  claim  the  following  advantages: 

**It  permits  the  reduction  of  customs  duties  to  such  countries  as  are  ready 
for  reciprocal  concessions;  it  permits  the  importation  of  sugar  from  Hawaii, 
whereas  siagar  from  other  countries  will  be  subject  to  duties;  duties  on 
soft  wood  have  been  reduced  from  two  to  one  dollar;  wool  and  hides,  free  of 
duty,  are  subject  to  taxation;  it  prevents  the  smuggling  of  material  by 
rich  tourists;  playing  cards  will  pay  duties  at  the  rate  of  twenty  cents  a 
pack;  duties  are  imposed  on  the  importation  of  Bibles;  the  antitrust  order 
of  Wilson  will  remain  intact;  it  imposes  a  duty  on  cotton »  therefore  the 
plantations  of  the  South  will  not  pay  a  tax  for  hoops  and  cotton  for 
packing,  nor  the  farmer  of  the  North  for  the  sacks  for  grain;  no  additional 
duties  have  been  imi>osed  on  tea  or  beer,  however,  the  one  on  coal  has  been 


-t3 

O 


CO 
CD 


I  H 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Chicago  ski,  July  9,  1897  ♦ 

in  the  interest  of  the  miners;  the  duties  have  been  so  marked  that  they  will 
enable  the  American  miner  to  earn  more*»» 


lilhat  is  going  to  result  from  the  last  point  remains  to  be  seen#  If  the  pay 
of  the  workers  is  going  to  increase,  the  Republicans  will  say  that  it  is 
their  doing.  If  the  workers  will  earn  less  than  at  present,  it  will  be 
the  fault  of  competition  between  the  manufacturers  and  bad  times* 

Thanks  to  the  New  Tariff  Act,  revenues  of  the  National  Treasury  will  be  in- 
creased by  $250 9 000^000  annually • 


1 


'    1  ^ 


T       • 


,'1 


:.e 


i^.' ... . .  1 


> 


OP 
.    r   o 


■^ 


i    .    .^  1    :. 


.  c: 


ture 


i  ;.;  ":  e 


>"»-,:! 


1   ^• 


ziie  '■'■ui.iic   3Ciioo-LS. 


rhe  disadvantar-es  ol*  t'.Az  Tro:'.Ooa^  .vore  st-itod,  u:  1  ;:c  uiv^ed  a  stern  piozest 
araiiiot  thi3  "oi^oTSCt,  net  cl^*'  i*cr  or:>j  .i*Gt:ccoion  or  cur  tuxi'^averr-,  lu::  also 
01    our   L>a7'GChi:ii   sc'icoi^. 


CD 

!    O 


Arran'-3:.:0i:ts  v/ero  i  ade  v/ioi  liu  orrioors   v^J    u-g  roil.v;.   3ociOui3:.^  o:'  St.   litan- 
islaus  i^ost/ca  rarish,    an^^   a  ;:.as£   ::.oei.in:"   -./as   noil   ia^t   ni,  ho   at   zh'3  lolisii  rail, 
Bradley  an:.  i:oblo  otrecu:^.      y^  ca^-acioy  crovja  aoteaaed   "Go   g::"  roas    Gheir  ri:"'ht  gT 
protesu  a-:ainst  a  nuve   uaao   .^oula   jocporaize   bae   >/.iroGhial   schools,    incladin^r 
the  polish  lionan  Oatholic   schools. 


'rhe  Revertind  Vincent   rarzyncrii,    pactcr  o:    '^z.   St:.nialaua  host-^a  Churea,    :^x•G- 


sided  as   chairman  ana   callGa  uaon  rranr:  .uh. 


u  'J     <  i  o  o     i.\  .s 


4-.- 


recorim''    sec  re  oar". 


I  H 

I  A  1  a 

I  A  2  a 


f) 


pp-j-  TOT.T 
^    V*  .^^   ^  k^  —  . 


Dzienrii' 


^^i. 


CI 


r. 


1^97 


Besides   the  chain-an's  adiress,   jroter  laoioassh  and  Attorney  L. 


'iotrc;:ski 


rnade   expianaLio:  s  and   ini.orvreLaoic:i;:.  c:*    ;.:.e  :.:-opcsal,    .vhich  v;ao   introauced  to 
t-he  x-e-^isxauure   zhvou-r.  the  ini'iu^nce  of   tl.e  /Li:.ericari  j/roLectivo  Assocjaticn  and 
otners. 

'?\vj   xOllov;in :•  re::;oi.Uwicn  \;as  unaniLiOusly  approved   cy    the  entire  asseinblare; 

^♦.Jherea^;,   a    oiix  has   ue^n   ijitruouce.i   xn  the  lili:  cic  Le,-i^:lature  v;hic:.  would  per- 
nit   the  free  disorihution  of   schoox    luo1:s   in   the  pubiic   schools,    v;j  -ire   coi^.p oiled 
to  voice  a  unifie^i  and   eii.phutic    ;robest    in  zhL2  inatter.     he  have  no   intention  of 
opposing  the   present   oy^t.-n  of  public   schools;    hcv;ever,   \ie  protesL  ar-inst   the 
further  increaje  of   taxation  v/hicn  v;ill  i'ur^.her   ^urden   those   individuals^  v/ho   not 
only  r^apport   the    public   schools    ohrou  n    baxation   ou^:   ?upi:ort   Lheir  ov;n   private 
and  Tarochiai.  schools.      ..o   i:.hercjroro  condeiiiii  uho  sLove-nentionei  hill  as  unneces- 
sary,   anjj::o,    insidious,   and  un-.^^:orican• 


-T3 

3> 


f — 


Hi 


c:5 


*^1.  This  urjiecessary  and  unreasoiiacie  bill  is  Loin-;  opyosed  because  ic  craims 


4- 


oo 


I  11 

I  A  1  a 
I  A  2  a 


'Ziennik  Ohica->S::i,  :.:ar,  29,  1897 


have,  as  one  or  its  aii.is,  tho  lessenin."  oi*  'oht^  buroen3  oi*  tLe  poor,  out  the  fact 
is  that  the  children  of  the  ^-oor  iiavi^  been  receiviii.-'  bv.cks  Tre..  oi'  charf^e.  There- 
fore  such  a  hii±  is  not  needed. 

"II.  V/e  consider  thif  oiii  uniustii'iatle  uecrAiso  it  urin-'s  aionc:  vjit/h  it  an  in- 
eauitabie  taxation  oi*  citizens  vvno  LOSoes::i  tne  saii.e  ri.  hos  as  others,  and  v/ho 
v;iii  be  in  no  position  to  enjoy  its  acvant^.f^-es.  The  unfairiiess  oi*  this  bill  is 
nosL  evident:,  v:her  one  considers  tiie  i'act  that  t':ese  citizens  t;ui±d  and  suppcrL 
tlieir  ov/n  parish  am  private  scncols  at  ,.reat  cosl,  and  t^nao  th3y  neither  de- 
iriand  nor  receive  assistance  iroiii  ti^e  so.jte,  v/nich  v;ouid  lessen  the  financial 
load;  the:.,  too,  one  must  consider  the  r-;Ct  o..at,  through  this  support,  they 
help  the  state  save  lar^a  surr.s  ol'  i.on^y  and  ai'e  i.ov;  to  be  even  j:iore  heavily 
taxed. 


f -.5 


"III#  That  this  proposal  is  insidious  is  svilenced  ^'cj   tlio  fact  that  the  parents 
of  the  children  v;i:o  are  to  r"et  the  free  scnoolboohs  v;ill  have  to  pay,  in  the  lon^ 
ran  throurh  hi^dier  taxation,  even  r;:ore  than  they  pay  for  the  books  at  presenb. 


I  H 

I  A  1  a 


I  A 


'd  a 


-  4  - 


Dzieimii:  Ohicafcsrii ,   l:xV.    29,    1897 


?CI.I 


U^i  - 


"]?/•   This  Lili   o/tCUj-ci    oe   3o-..iiipel  as  u:i-A:r:ericai    becau.se   it  airectly   interferes 
v/itii  the  prirjcipies  oi*  the  iiepuLlic,    in   oliaL   it:   interferes  v;ioh  a   priviiur-e 
'v7hich  rin^'^tfuliy  lelcnt's  to   the  pc^ronts,    ani  v;:iioh  will  le  t-z.en  rvor  by  the 
state.     Therefore,   v;c   soloj.'.r.ly  pi-coest   ac-ii'st   pro_>.ositio:is   of   "Ohis  nature, 
and  deerr.  the;..  unpa'Crio'Cio   ani  dji.,  erous   to   the  rA^cd   of   the  nation, ^* 

After  Lhe   readin-   of   tn^   bixa    zo   the  auiienee,    the  presidenos  or  aj.1  rolish 
societies   representea  at   Ziic  .i.oeoin.f   si^i.nea   *:h9i:-  n-ii.ies   cy  popular  derr.and,    des- 
it^.^atin;;:;  how  Liany  memjers  they  ropresonted. 

A  coiriraittee  vms   chosen  frcn  the  coribined  societie.'s,    and  dele-'ated  to  ^  to 
Sprin^rf ie^o   and  ^'ive  a   copy  of  the  protest    to   tiie  le'-islators  and  other  influ- 
encial  persons. 


JO 


CO 


rs'vs  has  reached  the  editorial  rooms  'ohat  other  Polish  parishes  throughout 
Ohica^::o  and  vicinity  are  f'oin;:  to  take  uhe  sai'ie  action. 


I  J 

1    ■. 

T        — 1 

fi 

f          -  T 

1 — 

— 

y^ 

lY 

.  y 


..-  u 


t 


^ 


In  t'-;C   Ghicvo  City  Ccrnnil,    ti.o 


-•.0     UU-.IC   .21     ^riJ^i'JS     M 


;eir 


c:;u 


lies 


O        '".  V  1  ■■  ■< 


ctlier 


.  ■  -    t* » <^  t  J.  ,/  i.  ^,  »^  • 


o:.:.'ir 


1   -v^      r>    1    '--.-^  ■ 


,  VI  <•  :j  .  ■«  r^ 


Accor'^iii-    ^:o  !  r.   Potc::*  /iolh^r- ::;:.,    an  c:"::in" . 'Co  '::•:..::  been   ij.trcluecd  in  the 


Polish   ccr.l    le-  lo:-*:.;. 
doll^irs   •MiniT  Ijy    :? 
the  Cit".'    Jcrrcil. 


■;;q\._^  { .     CT.\.-  r^e 


.  l.^t   ci'  une:-3inec3  to   cui 
J;:i::   oi^.miince,   •.;hic}i   "Tv.vI  .cc   Tor  tn:  •':'LL^T.:e:it   of  fiftv 
fjL:,    •:v.:^    '^eon    ^-^f'-^rre^^   to  tr:c   L'.:;  Co^vlttee    of 


1    "i    <fc  rr  V-  r»  -Tk 


:vi  ;;r:". 


-.  -I 


Mre^a    ;irec!^o 


c     O 


V    ..    ^ 


-I     VI 


IL 


--1  -  -» r--  -  ^   t" 

•.-■-' J-    J.    v 


"IVC 


-r-  . 


A   t    t     Ow'    ^.      V^ 


^  u    o .: '. 


1  ■ 


-i-f-  c     -f- 


:.i''-ll    CC'-'l 

c    t-.i.:e   X:: 


/-   tLio 


I;  onooclioG 


7:hc 


Dzicnnlk  Chicarosl:! ,  Apr.  ^8,  1895. 


rx 

I  D  1  a 
I  F  4 
I  F  5 

IV         For  "hat  reason  this  ordinance  should  b:;  fou;::ht  by  all  honest 
citizens^ 


POLISH 


L:r,  Peter  Ilicibassa  i.ifon.ed  us  that  he   is  oppo::3ed  to  this  ordinance  and  v.ill 
ficht   it   energetically. 


Perhaps  our  Polish  coal  dealers  v;ill  v.^ant  to  hel^  hiiii  in  this  firht.     A  ^eti- 


CD 

•V3 


tior.  should  be  yrepr.red  and  submitted  to  the  City  Council,  etc.  Those  interested  C?: 
in  this  matter  v;ould  do  v/ell  to  get  in  touch  v/ith  llr.  Kiolbassa. 


At  any  r^te,  v;e  are  bringing:  this  to  the  attention  of  our  Polish  coal  dealers. 


I  H 
III  C 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Chicagoski,  Feb.  8,  1895. 

LiESTING  CALLED  IN  HALL  ON  BRADLEY  STREET  TO  PROTEST 
AGAINST  IM.ORAL  HOUSEB  IS  CANCELED 
A  Meeting  ;Vill  be  Held  in  Pulaski  Hall 

The  campaign  of  the  Record  against  immoral  houses  along  Milwaukee  Avenue  and 
on  the  West  Side  of  Chicago  has  met  with  a  temporary  setback— but  it  will 
be  continued  none  the  less  energetically. 


VJe  are  informed  that  Chief  of  Police  Badenoch  and  his  assistant,  Mr#  Ross, 
who  visited  the  places  exposed  by  the  Record,  did  not  find  sufficient  evi- 
dence on  which  to  arrest  their  ovjners.  This  was  undoubtedly  due  to  the  fact 
that  the  owners  of  the  places  mentioned,  were  warned  in  advance — and  were 
prepared  accordingly,  iill  of  the  places  were  practically  empty.  On  the 
other  hand,  the  citizens  of  our  wards  have  decided  to  give  their  aldermen  an 
opportunity  to  act  and  to  show  us  viiat  they  can  do  in  this  serious  matter. 
For  this  reason,  the  Record  informs  us,  tomorrow's  mass  meeting  at  the  Bradley 
Street  hall  has  been  canceled. 


I  H 
III  C 


-   2  - 


Dzieiinilc  Chicagoaki,   Feb.  8,   1896 ♦ 


POLISH 


We  are  further  inforaed  that  another  reason  for  this  action  is  the  fact  that 
the  Forty-Hour  Devotional  Services  will  begin  tomorrow  in  the  St.  Stanislaus 
Kostka  Church,  and  consequently  no  meetings  can  be  held  in  the  hall  there. 
Therefore,  there  will  be  no  meeting  tomorrow  in  the  Bradley  Street  hall. 
Instead,  the  Record  announces,  a  meeting  will  be  held  at  four  o'clock  in  the 
afternoon  ia  the  Pulaski  Hall. 

One  way  or  another,  the  campaign  begun  by  the  Record  will  not  fail It  will 

be  carried  on  to  the  end — and  we  will  find  a  way  to  rid  the  community  of  the 
rotten  immorality  which  has  begun  to  spread  in  our  midst  with  such  alarming 
speed. 


1^1 


:a5 


— J 


I  H 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Ghicagoski,  Feb.  7,  1896 • 

A  DRIVE  AGAINST  IliMOBAL  HOUSES  ON  i.IIL!'AUKEE  AVENUE 
Mass  J^eeting  in  the  Hall  on  Bradley  Street 

The  local  Record  is  carrying  on  an  energetic  crusade  against  the  immoral 
houses  along  Milwaukee  Avenue  and  all  over  the  West  Side  of  Chicago;  such 
places  have  a  demoralizing  influence  upon  our  youth.  Yesterday,  Chief  of 
Police  Badenoch,  and  his  assistant,  Mr.  Ross,  visited  a  dozen  concert  halls 
and  suspicious  places  in  the  vicinity.  They  should  certainly  find  some  way 
to  curb  these  debauchers  of  our  youth- 

In  addition,  a  great  mass  meeting  will  be  held  on  Sunday,  at  three  o'clock 
in  the  afternoon,  in  the  large  parish  hall  on  Bradley  Street,  where  the 
residents  of  this  ward  will  be  given  an  opportunity  to  protest  against  these 
immoral  houses  and  to  condemn  them. 


:5> 


Many  well-known  men  of  Polish  and  other  nationalities  will  speak.     There  will 
probably  be  many  citizens  of  other  nationalities  present;  we  are  not  the  only 


I  H 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


Dzlennlk  Ghicagoski>  Feb.  7,  1896. 

ones  concerned  in  this  matter.  In  any  event,  as  many  Poles  as  possible  should 
attend,  and  protest  strongly  against  the  wave  of  immorality  that  is  threaten- 
ing to  engulf  us. 


L  7.- 


I  D  1  a 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Chicagoski,  Oct.  26,  1894. 


EDITORIAL  RSvlARKS 


At  present  there  are  in  this  country  thirty-five  thousand  millionaires  and 
one  and  a  half  million  tramps — tramps,  that  is,  vagabonds,  who  have  no 
possessions  of  any  kind  or  security  for  the  future.  This  is  what  we  get  from 
the  Republican  administration. 


>-> 


.X.J 


I  II 

III  B  1 
III  II 
III  C 
T: 


PCLISII 


Dziamik  Gliicacosid,  Liar.  IG,  1C93, 


Tlia  last  Republican  adiiiinistration  of  the  United  States  approved  a  new 
extradition  treaty  v;itri  Russia.  This  treat^'*  contains  a  clause  that  pro- 
vides the  return  to  Russia  even  of  political  offenders  if  their  offense 
is  a  criminal  one.  Obviously,  such  a  treat;^  v/ould  serve  as  a  powerful 
weapon  to  tlie  perversity  and  baseness  of  Russian  justice  tov/ard  those  who 
have  sought  shelter  fror.i  its  persecution  in  the  United  States.  A  loud 
protest  against  this  treaty  has  begun  to  develop  even  in  .\i.ierican  circles 
Tens  of  thousands  of  signatures  have  fiyured  on  protests  against  this  de- 
structive treat^r;  for  such  a  treaty  could  .^ake  a  land  of  oppression  and 
persecution  of  a  free  country,  such  as  the  United  States  has  been  hereto- 
fore. .Inong  those  condeiTining  the  treaty  is  to  be  found  even  so  respected 
a  Republican  as  Chauncey  LI.  Depew. 


Fortunately  the  treaty  has  not  as  yet  been  ratified.  The  new  Democratic 


T   ^^ 


•  -J 


'Dziennik  Ciiica:;of/:i,   ::ar.   IS,   1893, 


III      P.      1 
III      II 

III   0 

lY  adMinistriition,    -it  v:]ic3G  :i3ad  is   Clevaland,   na:'  rajact   it.      In 

any  case,    it   can  be  referred   to   the  iecisliLtiva  body,  v/liich  is 
2iov;  largely  Democratic,    far  re-exar.iination.     Tliis  natter  ./ill  be  conclud- 
ed one  v/av  or  tae  other  tov/ard  the  end  of  ne::- 


-4  ■>  - 


V/ith  affairs  at  their  r-^esant  starve,  it  is  not  too  lat3  for  .^:;ierican 
citizens  to  ---rotest  v-aiar^t  f^ns  3vil  and  subversive  trec.ty.   protests 
oriyinatiny  nov:  can  still  reach,  authoritative  Miarters  before  decisive 
stens  have  been  tai:en.   hrotests  s-iould  be  rnade  sooner  oy  :.'cles  than  b:; 
anyone  else*   It  is  the  holes  v;ho  are  best  ac^aiainted  v/ith  the  Czar's 
touch,  and  \:::o  eve^->tu:ll-  ./ould  feel  the  res:.ilts  cf  such  a  treaty  most 
heavil-% 


The  idea  of  a  yrotest  ayainst  th3  Czar's  despotism,  has  existed  among  the 
Poles  for  a  lon^;^  tiao,  and  it  nay  be  t]:at  had  it  not  been  for  interfer- 
ence on  the  part  of  ill-^villad  people,  it  v;ould  alre:.:d:'  •u.ve  attained 
considerable  results. 


I  H 

III  B  1 
III  H 
III  G 
IV 


-  3  - 


Dziennik  Chicacoskl,  Mar.  18,  1893, 


POLISH 


On  New  Year's  Day,  1892,  the  Reverend  Vincent  Barzynski  effected 
a  gathering  of  2,500  Poles  with  the  puirpose  of  instituting  a  pro- 
test against  the  horrible  persecution  of  thousands  of  Poles  by  the  Rus- 
sian tyrant  and  his  henchmen — persecution  for  no  other  reason  than  that 
these  Poles  refused  to  renounce  the  faith  of  their  forefathers.  At  that 
time,  jealousy,  awakened  by  the  intrigues  of  a  certain  clique  with  the 
aid  of  a  paper  erroneously  called  Zgoda,  caused  a  violent  reaction  to  the 
idea.   Certainly  these  thoughtless  people  had  not  realized  how  soon  the 
bitter  fruits  of  their  miserable  politics  would  ripen.  Today,  the  United 
States  desires  a  treaty  with  Russia.  Would  this  desire  ever  have  arisen 
had  last  year's  protest  against  Russian  despotism,  authenticated  by  hun- 
dreds of  thousands  of  American  Poles,  been  allowed  to  ring  in  the  ears  of 
American  citizens?  The  idea  of  a  protest  returns  today,  at  the  last  min- 
ute. Today  everybody  understands  its  importance.  Thus,  strong-willed 
people,  unmindful  of  obstacles,  have  decided  to  call  a  great  mass  meeting 


Dziennik  Chicagoski,  Mar.  18,  1893 


I  H  -  4  -  POLISH 

III  B  1 
III  H 

III  C 

17     to  register  a  protest  against  a  treaty  which  would  make  the  United 

States  subservient  to  Moscow*  The  mass  meeting  will  be  held  to- 
morrow (Sunday)  in  the  St.  Stanislaus  parish  school  hall  at  eight  o* clock 
in  the  evening. 

Let  everyone  attendl  Let  us  appeal  to  this  nation  and  its  statesmen.  Let 
us  protest  with  all  our  strength  against  an  alliance  of  this  free  nation 
with  a  tyrant.  Our  mass  meeting,  at  v/iiich  every  Pole  should  be  present, 
will  not  be  ineffectual.  Having  made  tne  necessary  decisions,  we  can  ap- 
peal to  the  President  of  the  United  States,  asking  that  he  withliold  rati- 
fication of  the  treaty  with  Russia,  and  further,  that  he  accept  a  more  de- 
tailed representation  of  the  matter.  Doubtless,  the  result  will  be  that 
this  treaty,  approved  by  only  the  worst  of  the  Republicans,  will  be  con- 
futed. 


f 


-  5  - 


I  H 

III  B  1 
III  H 

III  C 

IV  And  so — all  Poles  to  the  mass  meeting  at  the  school  hall  at 
Bradley  Street I 


POLISH 


Dziennik  GhicaGOski.  Mar,  18,  1893. 


I  H 


I 

D 

2 

a 

(2) 

I 

D 

2 

a 

(4) 

I 

D 

1 

a 

POLISH 

Dzlennik  Chicagoski>  Dec.   20,   1892 • 

;^UT  IUV2  TH2  FOLi:S  GAINED  FHOIJ  THJ  STRIIGI  AT  H0LISST2AD? 

(Editorial) 

;/e  have  pointed  out  several  times  with  bitterness  that  the  Carnegie  Company  at 
Homestead,  opposing  the  v/orkers  who  were  on  strike,  was  looking  for  scabs  to 
replace  the  strikers  and  that  several  hundred  Poles  responded  and  were  hired. 


It  is  difficult  to  demand  that  every  Polish  worker  in  .jnerica  join  a  labor 
organization  and  support  the  unions'  fight  a  ainst  capitalism.  In  many  places 
such  conditions  exist  that  this  is  inpossible.  But  certainly  those  who  work 
as  non-union  workers  should  not  take  part  in  this  battle  by  v/orking  as  scabs, 
b:,  replacing  a  striking  worker  and  siding  vath  the  manufacturer  to  tlieir  o^vn 
inevitable  disadvantage.  Such  action  is  especially  unjustified  at  Homestead, 
where  the  dispute  betv;een  the  v/orkers  and  the  capitalists  has  reached  an  extreme 
point  of  irritation. 


v"  ) 


I  H 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


I 

D 

2 

a 

(2) 

I 

D 

2 

a 

(4) 

I 

D 

1 

a 

Dziennik  Chlcagoski,  Dec.  20,  1892, 


V/e  are  not  concerned  with  the  econonic  side  of  the  question,  but 
we  are  complaining  about  the  action  from  the  citizens*  point  of  viev;.  The 
Polish  worker  temporarily  profits  by  accepting  employment  in  a  company  where 
a  strike  exists,  but  he  in  turn  helps  to  bring  about  lower  wages  and  the 
deterioration  of  the  xlmerican  worker's  standing*  ^md  he  does,  above  all,  drav; 
upon  himself  the  racial  hatred  of  the  .American  worker,  a  hatred  which  is  being 
strongly  and  widely  felt  in  labor  organizations. 

This  hatred  falls  upon  all  the  Poles  in  America  and  is  the  cause  of  the  bitter- 
ness against  us.  This  was  often  pointed  out.  We  wish,  however,  to  point  out 
once  more  that  the  temporary  p3?ofit  of  the  workers  who  replaced  the  strikers 
is  not  an  advantage  to  them. 


r- 


The  incident  at  Homestead  is  a  good  example.  Out  of  the  several  hundred  Polish 
scabs  who  were  employed  by  the  Carnegie  Company,  several  v/ere  injured  because 
of  the  lack  of  knowledge  of  the  machinery  which  they  had  to  operate.  Many 


I  H 


-   o    - 


POLISH 


Daiennik  JliicacoolLJ,   :)ec.    20,    1392. 


I  D  2  a  (2) 

I  r  2  a  (4) 
I  D  1  a 

of  then  vjere  beiiton  by  the  strihers.  A  couple  of  tlien  vjere  victiris 
of  poisoninGS.  finally,  according  to  a  vjorr:er*s  dispatch  to  the  rittsburgii 
Przy  Jaciela  j.udu  (People* s  i-riend),  all  the  scabs  v/ero  replaced  v;hen  the  stril.ers 
returned  to  their  jobs. 


This  is  their  entire  c^in.  They  v;ere  the  tools  which  v:ere  used  to  an  iru^iediate 
advantace  and  then  discarded.  Sov  Liany  months  they  v;ill  be  in  search  of  v;ork 
....  and  v;ill  be  shoved  about,  '^hq   only  thing  that  ;7ill  renain  for  them  is  the 
hatred  of  the  .u.ierican  v;orl:er  and  the  nar:ie  of  "scab". 

Tliis  lesson  ought  to  convince  the  j-olish-.merican  v;orkers  once  and  for  all  that, 
as  strangers  who  coiiie  to  this  country'-  to  seel,  material  gain  through  employment, 
they  ought  to  side  v;ith  the  masses  of  /urierican  ivorkingpeople — and  not  stick 
their  fingers  betvjeen  the  doors,  especially  v;hen  they  can  be  quite  sure  that 
their  fingers  v;ill  be  injured. 


3:> 


-T3 
O 

CO 

--^ 


^1^ 


I  H 

II  B  2  d  (1) 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Chica^oskl.  May  30,  1892. 

J%[E   McKIl^lLEY  TARIFF  LEGISLATIO!^ 

(Editorial) 

The  deductions  of  the  newspaper  New  Life,  defending  the  predatory  statutes 
of  McKinley,  are  comical;  jfthey   are/  supposed  to  be  proof  that  a  high  tariff 
assures  a  better  remuneration  for  the  laboring  man  than  free  trade  could  ac- 
complish. It  compiles  the  payrolls  and  expenses  of  the  working  people  in 
the  United  States  in  localities  where  the  enactment  of  McKinley  prevails^  and 
the  pay  and  expenses  of  the  workers  in  En.:land  v/here  free  trade  governs. 

That  is  no  way  to  do.  It  is  truly  a  blindfolding  of  the  people.  ;/e  readily 
agree  that  the  worker  in  America  finds  far  better  conditions  than  exist  in 
Europe,  hoivever  not  because  of  the  high  tariff,  but  rather  dedpite  the  exist- 
ence of  this  nefarious  tariff.  The  causes  of  this  ^rosperit^  are  entire- 
ly different.  If  the  New  Life  or  other  Republican  papers  v/ish  to  make  such 


-<■• 


'*j 


F^ 


-  2  - 


Dzieimik  Chicagoski^  May  30,  1892. 


POLISH 


comparison,  then  let  them  also  compare  our  existing  conditions  with  those 
prevailing  for  example  in  Russia,  where  an  enormously  high  tariff  is  insti- 
tuted^  Let  them  compare  the  conditions  existing  in  England  with  its  free 
trade  with  those  of  K^.  ^sia  and  its  high  tariff,  and  then  it  will  become  evi- 
dent, jf  the  assertioE  is  true,  whether  a  high  tariff  improves  the  welfare 
of  the  worker*  It  is  .lo  art  to  befuddle  the  people  in  this  manner.  Europe 
is  difierent  from  America.  Here,  even  if  the  hii':;hest  tariff  were  imposed — 
despite  that,  the  conditions  of  the  workers*  existence  v;ould  be  better  than 
anywhere  in  Europe  where  the  people  v;ork  for  the  maintenance  of  large  armies, 
and  the  estates  of  the  rulers,  the  true  wastrels. 


If,  ho.;ever,  the  conditions  of  existence  of  the  v/orking  man  in  America  are 
better  today  than  even  in  England,  still  it  does  not  follow  that  v;e  should 
maintain  the  high  tariff,  as  if  we  were  satisfied  with  these  better  condi^i* 
tions.  In  Europe  the  conditions  are  unbearable,  and  there  even  free  trade 
could  not  help  until  other  reforms  were  instituted;  here,  in  the  United 


/ 


•   « 


I  H 

II  B  2  d  (1) 


-  3  - 


Dziennik  Chicar.oskii  ^^^y  30,  189£. 


POLISH 


States,  conditions  are  tolerable  to  some  extent,  but  are  not  as  they  should 
be,  and  the  abolition  of  the  hi,;h  tariff  will  lead  to  the  bettering  of  con- 
ditions. Even  the  better  republicans  feel  this.  Tlie  greatest  man  or  iitate 
of  the  iiepublican  party,  Blaine,  is  also  conscious  of  this  because  he  has 
forcibly  brought  a  fragment  of  free  trade  into  LlcKiuley^s  enactment — agree- 
ments of  mutual  tariff  exchange. 


»Ve  are  not  commenting  further  on  this  subject  in  this  column  because  in 
addition  to  our  statement,  we  submit  an  excellent  quotation  from  Henry 
George  on  this  question.  V/e  again  urge  upon  our  readers  a  careful  considera- 
tion of  this  interesting  matter,  since  after  study,  the  reader  will  possess 
such  strong  arguments  that  repudiation  will  be  difficult. 


—  ! 


^^-  / 


I  E 

I  A  1  a 

I  r>  1  a 

I  D  1  b 

I  E  2 


POLISH 


Dzieiinlk  Chicuf-i 'cl.  .-^prll  11,   13,   1891 


rr^^^T^r^  r^y  '^T-*,  ^  ■^  » /^T^-T'w-IY   '"^. 


CUP  PJT^PEf'E"'' 
John  A.    Kv;acifrcch  Introi^jces  an  Tnportx'it 
Till   lit    t^e   Ctate  I  e:;:i£l^"^^!re  Proposing 
Protection  of  VforVinj  Tor:en  :.n!  Children 

(SMTjnari'j.T'i  '^ii^oriul) 

The  Introd'Jictlon  of  Concress-^-.an  rrv/usicroc'^. *c  bill  ut   the   ::tdte  lerislature 
created  r^rea*:    interest  ar.on^-  *'he  v/or':!-.::  cl:.ss, 

Kv/as  i^^roch^s   bill  proposes   thatnc^  r^^-^rs^r  ':-/.-:"  tht-   a{-tr   of  eir-.teen,    or  a 
y;onan  e^^loved   b'^'  a   ?orj".erclal  hc*:.'^'"'* .    Ghc:*!  ^  vvcr!-'  longer  than   sixty  hours 
a  7;eek  or  nore   than  ten  h^^ur.:    .    -la;  ,    .vit\   ""h-  exception  v/hen   they  have   to    /['        ^. . 
nake  nr  tir.-**,      !To  p-^rson  under  eighteen  year.:   of  a-e,    or  a  v/oman  under         :  r 
tv/entv-one  ve^irs   of  are,    should  v;orh  at   rv.Mic  rlaces      -if tar  9  ?.   l\.    or       \ 
before   6  A.  M.        Hov;cver  e-rloyer:^  v;ill   ^e   ^llov^ed,    ^^y   CT>--cial   p-^rriisslon,     ^ 
to  eT.^lo"  person.^   ov^-^r  eifhteen  ye^.rs   ol  .1   aft^r  9  P.   :.  .  ,    between  the   first 
!.':onday   in  Pece!T:ber  ari   the   fir^t   Tue.:day   -^ -:  January  of  the   next  year,   pro- 
vldinr   that   these  ppr3onr  ^re  ;-]lo.veI   4r   r^lnut'^r    f-^r   jvipper. 


\ 


«to 


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POLISH 


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Co'^mercic.1  houses    in   t>^   State   of  Tllino5r    -^-..ll    not   e----loy  ^^inors  unisr 
fourteen  years   of  -^-^e.     "^vry   c^:^loy^--  r'-^ll   I-,  ep  a  rn;ist^:r   Iri  v;}iich  i^iuct 
he   recor^led  the  na-!':6,    a--,   rl^ee  of  hirt^,   a-:    ■"':-     :.-';l>-^--<-   of   ?ver:'  nlnor 
un:le"'   ci::teen  y-a^\::   of  "."-,    -.^^   svch    i:^r-tl-^,utTor i    shall   not   einploy  r;inors 
vnnpr.   -^^-t^'^^   --r-^T*-   nf  ■  r-p   nn^Jf^i;-    ""''-   ^'    -:--!•      --    'ua-^"^!:^^::   o''   ?*^c^-   r.inors 

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a>e   v.vnh  ^^tat^-nent    it-elf,      The^e   3tater.ent:^  rv^t  ^'O  ^V'^'^ent^'l  for 
e::aniration  to  an  aut^oriz^'   Ia"*"o-  "^-_.---^-- ^-^^    i>-r:--^..^+ 


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vch-^ule  :::''';ov. in  -  o 


conspicuous  nlace  a  n>rinti-: 

h-   each  r-i^or  ev-^r''  //eek,  and  In  ■i;ve:*7  roon  -.here  children  under  sixteen 


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^^eurs   of  ar-e   aro   e^n^loyed,    the  schedule  nu^t    in^ic-..d"    :^l'io  theii    ..^.  .-...  ^<i.^ 


a::es.      Corarierci..l  houses    shall   not   employ  children  un:.r   .:i:c 
a.^'*e  v;ho   cannot  read  and   .vrite 


Ccxsv  sentenc-:.    in  the  i:-nrlich  Ian; 


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chca.^^•*ec  thcit  nay  eliiLinate  the  rocur-rence   of   ^vch  aocidunt:^   in  the  futijiro. 


ICvery  corj-.er^.lal   1.n.stitution  must  be  provided  v;ith   ecr^rortaTle  lavatories 

kxvA  toilets,    .vhich  should  To  kept    in  a  sanitary  condition  and  v/el]   ventilated; 


1 

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13,    1891- 


and  ^vhere  v;or.er.  are   e-Tvployed,    there  i;;u:^t  be  a  separate   toilet   roon  and   a 
dressing:  rocr.,      Tl:e  rest  roon  vrhere    the   liinchee  are   eaten  ^houlcl  be 
cer^arated  froir.  the   lavatories  and  toilets. 

Every  en"nloyer  is   obliged  to  provide   suitable  seats  for  v;or.:en  employees, 
and  they  should  be  peiT.itted  to  use  tber.  for  health  neasures.     Ne£:li{:ence 
of  this   duty  by  u.r   er.ployer  v.ill  be   considere?   a  \^iolation  of  the   lav;-. 

Coinxiercial   institutions  are  not  a]  lov;ed  to  employ  v/omen  or  children  in 
basements  that  are  unsanitary  or  damx   on  account   cf  v.ater  seepare  or  that 
are  filled  v;ith  injurious   c^ses,   or  condemned  by  Labor  Departmient   inspectors. 

Not  less  than  45  minutes  must  be  allcved  for  lunch  time   in  any  comjnercial 
institution.      The  Labor  Department   inspectors,   hov;ever,   have  the  richt  to 
issue  a  v/ritten  permission  for  a  shorter  lunch  period  if  it   is  necessary  at 
certain  timies   of  the  year,   but   such  vrritten  permission  m^ust  be   displayed  at 
a  conspicuous  place. 


I  H 

I  A  1  a 

I  D  1  a 

I  D  1  b 

I  B  2 


-  6  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  '^hicagoski,  April  11,  13,  1891 


In  this  State  Labor  Departrient  inspectors  and  their  assistants  are  obliged 
to  enforce  these  regulations  and  bring  to  justice  those  who  disregard  them; 
therefore,  they  have  the  right  to  inspect  any  corjnercial  institution  at  any 
proper  time  and  as  often  as  necessary,  ^ny  owner  or  manager  of  any 
commercial  institution  who  hinders,  aelays,  inconveniences  or  resists  such 
investigation  is  committing  an  offense.  The  Labor  Department  inspectors 
and  their  assistants  will  have  the  authority  of  a  notary  public  in  taking 
oaths  in  the  course  of  their  investigations. 


Staters  attorneys  of  every  county  in  this  State  have  the  right,  and  it 
will  be  their  duty,  to  prosecute  at  any  court  any  person  who  violates 
these  regulations,  of  such  action  is  demanded  by  a  Labor  Department  inspector 
or  his  assistant. 

Every  person  violating  or  neglecting  these  regulations,  or  employing  minors 
in  spite  of  them,  shall  be  guilty  of  breaking  the  law  and  punished  by  a  fine 


I  H 

I  A  1  a 
I  D  1  a 
I  D  1  b 
IBS 


-  7  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Chicaf^oski,  April  11,  13,  1891 


of  not  less  than  ten  dollars  and  not  more  than  one  hundred  dollars,  or  by 
imprisonment  of  not  less  than  thirty  days  and  not  more  than  ninety  days. 

A  printed  copy  of  these  regulations  should  be  displayed  at  every  institution 
and  at  every  location  in  this  State  v/here  persons  are  employed  to  whom  this 
regulation  refers. 

This  law  is  effective  at  once. 


\ 


I  H 


POLISH 


Dziennik  ChJcBcoski,  Lz^r.    7,   1891 


1HS  UillTiiD  3TAT2S  CC]^TGI^SS 


(Editorial) 


The  Fifty-first  Congress  of  the  United  States  ended  its  session  last  week. 
It  lasted  tv/o  years,  during  v/hich  time  it  passed  luany  laws  that  will  un- 
doubtedly bring  a  great  benefit  to  the  country,  and  also  some  harm.  How- 
ever, we  must  admit  that  nost  of  the  laws  which  have  been  passed  are  bene- 
ficial to  the  ration,  and  on  that  account  Congress  deserves  much  credit. 

The  first  session  lasted  ten  months;  it  began  in  December  1889  and  ended 
in  October  1890.  The  second  session  v/as  shorter,  from  Dec.  1,  1890,  to 
Liar.  4,  1891. 

Perhaps  it  is  too  late  nov/  to  give  a  detailed  account  of  the  activities  of 
this  National  Council,  but  since  the  public  is  greatly  interested  in  its 
activities,  we  v/ill  discuss  some  of  the  most  important  lav/s  enacted  during 
the  first  session. 


I  E 


-  2  - 


Dziennik  Chicagoski,  Lar.  7,  1891 


POLISH 


One  of  these  lav/s  is  the  I.cKinley  /^ct,  or  Protective  Tariff  Bill,  v/hich 
calls  for  a  high  duty  on  goods  imported  from  other  countries.   Ihe  purpose 
of  this  Bill,  according  to  the  Republicans,  is  to  protect  our  trade  and  to 
help  the  development  of  our  industry.  xi.ccording  to  the  Democrats,  the 
purpose  of  the  Bill  is  to  enable  the  rich  industrialists  to  raise  the 
prices  of  all  coramodities  at  the  expense  of  the  poor  consumers  and  the 
working  class.  This  Bill,  hov/ever,  contains  a  very  practical  clause,  be- 
cause it  authorizes  our  Government  to  make  reciprocal  trade  agreements  v;ith 
other  countries  in  respect  to  certain  tariff  concessions. 


This  Congress  has  also  passed  the  Sherman  .-.ct,  which  authorizes  the  Secre- 
tary of  the  Treasury  to  buy  silver  bullion  to  the  amount  of  4,500,000  ounces 
a  month  (not  an  insensible  Bill),  the  ^-^nti-trust  Bill  and  the  Lottery  Bill. 
A  resolution  to  move  the  I.etecrological  Bureau  from  the  V.'ar  Department  to 
the  Department  of  Agriculture  Tvas  passed.  Congress  also  agreed  to  accept 
the  territories  of  ./yom.ing  and  Idaho  into  the  Vnion  as  nev;  states.-  Finally 
it  passed  a  Bill  authorizing  a  Chicago  Colur:bian  Zxposition  in  1893,  and 
another  raising  the  veterans*  pensions. 


I  H 


-  3  - 


Dziennik  Chicacoski ,  I-::r.  7,  1891  • 


FCLISE 


/<. 


These 'are  the  most  important  Bills  and  they  v/ere  passed  during  the  first 
session  of  Congress,  and  are  nov/  in  force. 

The  second  session,  thouch  short,  also  passed  many  £:ood  measures. 

During  this  session  Congress  debated  on  the  Silver  Bill,  the  Election  Bill, 
and  the  l:icaragua  Canal  Bill,  hut  fortunately  these  bills  were  rejected. 

Inasmuch  as  the  bills  passed  are  of  c^^eat  importance  because  thev  constitute 
r\%\i   lav/s,  v/e  v/ill  devote  a  fe:;  v/ords  to  each  one  of  then. 

Dziennik  Chicagoski,  I.'ar.  9,  1891. 

Ilie  country  has  been  divided  into  nine  voting;  districts,  accordinc  to  the 
census  of  1890.  Ihis  is  a  logical  division,  provided  the  census  is  correct, 
and  Congress  deserves  credit  for  that. 


r '  > 


I  H 


-  d  - 


PCLISE 


/ 


/  -»- 


:  ^ 


Dziennik  ^hicaroski,  I.  ar,  9,  1S91. 


Another  measure  is  directed  to  lessen  the  '.vorl:  of  the  Supreme  Court •   This 
measure  provides  for  nine  Circuit  Courts,  each  consisting  of  several  states, 
and  each  allotted  to  one  of  the  nine  justices  of  the  siupreirie  Court •  Ih.is 
7/ill  create  a  nev/  position  for  a  Circuit  Court  judge  in  every  circuit. 
These  judf^es  v;ill  he  appointed  for  their  v/hole  lives  by  the  President.  If 
iw.r.  Harrison  desires  to  be  just,  he  should  appoint  not  only  'republicans, 
but  men  of  ability.  In  the  future  the  Circuit  Court  will  be  next  in  rarik  to 
the  United  States  Supreme  Court,  and  will  constitute  the  nine  Courts  of 
Appeal.  These  courts  v/ill  Landle  patent,  murder,  tariff,  and  marine  cases. 
Tliis  is  a  ^ood  measure  for  which  Congress  deserves  much  praise. 


Lncle  Sara  will  have  his  ov;n  penal  institutions.   There  v/ill  be  three  of  them 

This  is  necessary  and  practical. 


in  different  parts  of  the  country 


The  new  Immif^ration  I.  easure  cannot  be  considered  blixid  nationalism.  The 
faraous  proposal  of  I.-r.  Gates  has  been  rejected  in  Congress  by  a  majority  vote. 


I  H 


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PCLISH 


Dziennjv  Ohicacoski,  Lar.  9 ,  1891. 


Only  criminals,  the  insane  and  real  paupers  v/ill  not  be  admitted,  ijiven 
those  immigrants  xvho  cannot  pay  for  their  passage  v/ill  be  allov/ed  to  come 
if  they  are  able  to  work  and  not  bound  by  a  contract,   ihe  nev/  imr:iigration 
lav/  specifies  very  clearly  that  the  paragraph  referring  to  contract  labor 
does  not  include  clergymen,  artists,  physicians,  professors,  lav/^^ers,  and 
so  forth. 


•.y 


■"•^■.*r."-" 


The  Cattle  Inspection  Regulation  forbids  shipments  of  diseased  cattle  into 
foreign  countries.  Iliis  eliminates  the  prete^tt  of  foreign  cauntries  for  n6t 
buying  i^merican  cattle,  and  if  the  prohibition  of  sucn  shipments  v/ill  not 
be  discontinued,  the  President  has  a  right  to  retaliate  by  adopting  similar 
measures. 

Another  legislative  act  provides  a  subvention  for  nail  steamboats. 


Although  the  foregoing  measures  deserve  praise  and  credit,  there  are  others 
that  do  not.  To  the  latter  belongs  the  unheard  of  extravagance  of  the  last 
Congress  at  the  budget  session. 


•  ^ 


w 


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Dziennik  Chieagoski,  Lar,  9 ,  1891 


POLISH 


\' 


On  account  of  this  extravagance,  a  large  deficit  v/as  created  in  the  Federal 
Treasury,  which  had  been  in  a  fine  condition  so  far. 

It  v/as  not  necessary  to  enact  a  measure  providing  for  the  return  to  the  < 
States  of  Civil  -ar  taxes  amounting  to  ;gl6,000,000.  Ihis  proposition  had 
already  been  passed  by  both  Houses  during  Cleveland's  administration,  but 
he  vetoed  it  in  spite  of  the  fact  that  there  was  a  surplus  in  the  treasury* 


.;  A.  ^j 


f./ 


y 


.^•" 


A  copyright  measure  v/as  also  enacted  v/hich  forbids  reprinting  of  works  in 
v/hich  the  author  has  res.;rved  the  right  of  reprinting  in  America.  This 
measure  is  of  no  benefit  to  authors  because  it  also  forbids  the  importation 
of  such  works  and  states  that  if  the  author  desires  to  sell  his  works  in 
America,  he  must  publish  them  here  on  American  paper  and  by  American  printers; 
in  other  words,  he  must  publish  them  as  if  they  were  original. 


!•  ATTITUDES 
J.  Interpre- 
tation of  American  History 


I  J 

I  s 

I  G 


POLISH 


The  Weekly  Zgoda,  Feb.  26,  1931. 


GEORGE  WASHINGTON 


(Editorial) 


The  name  of  George  Washington,  whose  biirthday  is  celebrated  by  the  United 
States  on  February  22,  is  linked  with  one  of  the  most  important  events  in  the 
life  of  hximanity*  He  \fas,  next  to  Franklin,  the  most  outstanding  of  the  authors 
of  this  new  State,  which  today  is  the  pattern  for  the  future  political  com- 
posure of  Europe  and  surely  for  other  parts  of  the  world  as  well.  And  he  was 
not  only  one  of  the  chief  builders  of  this  State,  but  also  its  most  eminent 
defender  in  that  most  critical  moment,  when  the  problem  of  preserving  the  or- 
ganic life  of  the  nation  arose— a  nation  as  yet  too  disunited  and  too  weak  to 
depend  upon  its  own  resources  in  the  first  years  of  struggle  for  independence. 


The  history  of  Europe  is  divided  into  three  periods ,  namely  the  Ancient,  the 
Kiddle  Ages,  and  the  Modem.  The  Ancient  period  ends  with  the  downfall  of  the 
Western  Roman  Empire.  The  period  of  the  Middle  Ages  starts  with  the  building 


o 


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The  Weekly  Zgoda,  Feb.  26,  1931, 


of  a  chain  of  half-tarbarous  new  states,  on  the  ruins  of  the  Roman  empire 
but  having  in  themselves  the  needed  germs  for  future  greatness.  The  middle 
of  that  second  period  was  interrupted  ty   the  Crusaders'  wars,  which  divide 
that  period  into  two  distinct  parts.  The  period  of  modern  history  starts 
with  the  time  when  the  political  and  economic  horizon  of  Europe  became 
colossally  broadened  by  the  discovery  of  America  and  by  the  sudden  forward 
Jiunp  of  human  thoxight  due  to  Nicholas  Copernicus'  book  on  the  system  of  the 
universe.  That  period  is  also  divided  into  two  parts—the  first  one  filled 
with  combating  the  remnants  of  the  Middle  Ages,  and  the  second  noted  with  the 
creating  of  a  new  life  in  accordance  with  the  new  forms  and  models.  And,  be- 
hold, it  was  in  the  beginning  of  the  second  sub-period  of  the  modern  history 
that  the  United  States  of  North  America  were  born.   Such  a  Federal  Republic 
composed  of  a  number  of  independent  states  voluntarily  Joined  into  one  politi- 
cal organism  had  already  been  known  in  Europe  at  a  much  earlier  period  in  the 
pattern  of  the  Swiss  federation,  althoiigh  it  was  comparatively  very  small  and 
very  weak. 


r~ 


O 


To  make  sure  that  such  an  organism  could  exist  on  a  large  scale;  that  it  could 


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The  Weekly  Zgodat  Pet.  26,  1931* 


POLISH 


develop  and  expand;  that  it  could  defend  itself  and  stand  equal  "by  its  own 
power  to  the  greatest  powers  of  the  world,  there  was  a  need  for  a  great  Federal 
Republic,  one  with  confidence  in  itself  and  freedom  from  without.   It  would 
exist  among  such  geographical  condistions  that  would  afford  the  opportunity  to 
grow  and  to  expand  not  "by  the  cost  of  victories  over  her  neighbors,  but  ty  the 
labor  of  her  population,  conquering  and  populating  still  larger  areas. 

After  two  wars— one  for  independence  in  the  years  1776-1781,  and  another  for 
preserving  the  unity  of  the  nation  in  186l-lS65f~this  gigantic  experiment  be- 
came acknowledged  as  accomplished. 

Today  there  is  no  doubt  that — to  use  the  words  of  Lincoln-— the  deed  of  the 
authors  of  American  Union  shall  live  forever  and  the  theory  of  the  rule  of 
the  people,  by  the  people,  and  for  the  people  is  not  a  Utopian  dream* 


o 


The  role  played  by  Qeorge  Washington  in  the  insurrection  and  for  the  survival 
of  the  United  States  is  of  such  unusual  merit  that  he  is  justly  given  the  first 


I  J 
I  a 


.  U  - 

The  Weekly  Zgoda>  Feb.  26,  1931. 


POLISH 


place  in  the  ranks  of  the  authors  and  defenders  of  the  new  state.  As  the 
chief  commander  of  the  army  of  the  yo\mg  political  organism,  George  Washington 
excelled  not  only  in  military  genius,  but  also  possessed  tremendous  end\irance 
against  failures,  of  which  there  were  plenty  in  the  first  period  of  the  war 
for  independence.  The  second  period  of  the  war,  when  the  help  from  France  had  t^ 
hastened  the  victory,  was  less  heavy.  However,  without  that  endurance  of  the  ^^ 
commander  at  the  beginning  of  the  war,  the  help  would  probably  have  never     ^. 
appeared.  For  it  was  crfter  the  victory  at  Saratoga  that  France  decided  to    ^ 
declare  war  on  England. 

After  the  victory  Washington  worked  with  others  as  an  orgaaizer  of  the  new    t^ 
state.  His  part  in  creating  the  state  machine  and  informing  the  Constitution,  !:^ 
which  in  its  main  outlines  even  today  serves  its  purpose,  is  the  testimony  of  ^^ 
a  deep  wisdom  of  the  man,  in  whom  they  could  see  at  the  beginning  only  on   able 
warrior. 


In  the  third  period  of  his  career  Washington,  as  the  first  President  of  the 


I  J 

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The  Weekly  Zgoda,  Fet.  26.  1931. 


POLISH 


American  Republic,  had  the  very  difficult  task  of  avoiding  a  new  war  which 
might  have  injured  the  work  of  enlarging  the  State  within  the  framework 
designed  "by  the  Constitution,  A  prolonged  peace  of  many  years  was  absolutely 
necessary,  and  conditions  at  that  time  made  it  immensely  difficult  to  sustain 
peace.   It  was  this  victorious  warrior  who  knew  how  to  resist  with  all  his 
power  the  pressure  of  meny  occasions.   It  was  he  who  left  behind  a  completely 
well-ordered  State,  fully  prepared  for  the  future.  None  of  the  later  presi- 
dents except  Lincoln  did  as  much  for  the  stability  of  the  United  States  as  did 
Washington,  the  warrior,  by  securing  peace,  and  as  did  Lincoln,  the  lover  of 
peace,  by  carrying  through  a  great  war. 

Twice  during  his  career  Washington  proved  that  he  was  free  from  personal  am- 
bitions and  that  he  acted  only  for  the  good  of  the  country.  The  first  time, 
after  the  War  for  Independence,  he  reposed  his  authority  in  the  hands  of  the 
Congress,  rejecting  the  thought  of  a  royal  crown  as  suggested  by  the  army; 
the  second  time,  by  rejecting  the  thought  of  a  third  term  of  presidency  because 
he  considered  it  a  dangerous  precedent  for  the  future.  On  retiring,  he  left 


jg>%<ft- 


O 


an 


^w 


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The  Weekly  Zgoda,  Fet.  26.  1931* 


POLISH 


this  advice  for  his  successors,  namely:  that  one  of  the  "best  ways  to  keep 
peace  is  to  "be  prepared  for  war;  and  that  the  policy  of  this  co\intry  should 
"be  to  avoid  entangling  alliances  with  any  part  of  the  foreign  world* 

George  Washington  absolutely  belongs  to  the  small  number  of  the  greatest  men 
in  the  history  of  the  world,  and  he  is  reckoned  among  that  category  of  great 
men,  who,  while  serving  their  own  country  and  their  own  nation  only,  have 
at  the  same  time  rendered  a  first-rate  service  fot  the  whole  of  humanity. 


o 

9 

C3 


,i^ 


mm 


'; 


I  J 
III  c 


POLISH 


Przebudzenlo.   Vol.   H,   Nq.   50,   Deo.   9,   1928.    WPA  (ILL)  PROJ. 30275 


tSe  secret  op  success 

Count  Tadeusz  Dzieduszyekl,  who  recently  oame  to  the  United  States, 
explained  in  a  press  interview  that  the  purpose  of  his  visit  here  Is 
to  find  out  what  is  the  secret  of  the  American  success,  and  of  the 
powerful  influence  the  United  States  exerts  over  the  entire  world. 

He  would  like,  as  he  saidi  to  learn  that  secret  and  take  it  to  Poland, 
in  order  to  utilize  it  for  his  country's  benefit  and  prosperity* 

iiVe  do  not  claim  to  be  able  to  solve  important  economic. or  social  prob- 
lems, but  perhaps  some  of  our  modest  remarks  will  help  Count  Dziedus- 
zyeki  to  discover  that  "secret  of  success"  for  which  he  is  searching* 

The  basic  principle  of  the  superb  growth  of  our  beautiful -country  has 
been  freedom  and  equality  of  its  citizens.  All,  who  had  been  persecuted 
because  of  their  religious,  social  or  political  convictions,  found  here 
a  harbor  of  Justice,  where  they  could  express  themselves  in  accordance 


I  J 

III  c 


-  2  - 


POLISH. 


Praebudzente,  Vol.  II,  No.  50,   Deo.  9,  1928.  WPA  (ILL.)  PROJ. 30275 
with  their  oonscienc©. 

Thanks  to  this  spirit  the  great  family  of  citizens  of  the  United  States 
grew  very  rapidly* 

Freedom  and  Justice  for  everyone  brings  about  love  and  attachment  to 
the  country,  and  helps  to  develop  the  creative  faculties  of  a  man* 

That  is  why  anyone  who  has  been  in  the  United  States  for  a  certain  period 
of  time,  becomes  attached  to  this  country,  and  even  if  he  goes  back  to 
his  native  land  he  always  longs  for  America. 

Although  the  United  States  is  a  conglomeration  of  various  races  and 
nations,  everyone  here  cherishes  love  for  the  new  fatherland,  and  prob- 
ably there  is  no  other  country  in  the  world  where  patriotism  of  its 
citizens  can  equal  that  of  the  people  of  the  United  States* 

Freedom  and  justice  for  everyone  Is  the  source  of  true  brotherhood, 
regardless  of  religious  or  political  differences* 


.?,©• 


I  J 

III  c 


-  3  - 


POLISH 


Przebudzenie.  Vol.  II,  No.  50,   Deo.  9,  1928*  --'PA  (ILL.)  PROJ.3027i 


That  brotherly  relationship  does  not  exist  in  Poland,  nor  in  any  other 
ccfuntry  where  the  Roman- On  t  ho  lie  faith  predominates.  This  church  is 
the  sower  of  hatred.  It  throws  anathemas  on  all  those  who  withdraw  from 
the  papal  servitude.  It  poisons  the  minds  and  the  souls  of  children  by 
teaching  them  that  whoever  does  not  believe  in  the  Roman-Catholic  Church 
is  a  person  of  lower  rank,  eind  as  such  should  be  avoided  like  contagion. 

Of  course,  citizens  thus  brought  up,  infected  with  hatred  and  intolerance, 
cannot  be  expected  to  create  a  mutually  understanding  family,  nor  can 
they  be  expected  to  contribute  much  to  the  development  of  their  country. 

Fortunately,  there  is  not  and  there  will  not  be  anything  of  that  kind 
in  America.  Because  here,  thank  God,  the  papal  paganism  does  not  have 
much  to  say. 

The  noble  forefathers  of  this  country  based  the  foundations  of  our  happy 
republic  on  the  true  Christian  principles  of  freedomi  justice  and  love. 


»-■-,;■  f      ■  T 


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•     III  c 


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POLISH 


WPA  (ILL)  PRO  J.  30275 


Przebttdzenlet   Vol,  II,   No.   50,  Deo.   9,   1928, 


Arid  this  Is  the  foremost  reason  for  the  magnificent  growth  of  our 
heautiful  country,   the  harbor  of  all  persecuted  peoples  in  the  world. 


I  J 

III  c 


POLISH 


Przebudzenlet    Vol.   II,    Nc#    34,    Aug.   19,    1928. 

/TSMTH'S  CANDIDACY?' 
A  Baptist  pastor,    John  Raach  St rat on,    in  his   Sunday  sermon  asserted 

that  Governor  Smith,    a  member  of  the   Roman-Catholic  faith,    and  a 

Democratic  candidate  for  the  presidency  of  the   United  States,    is   one 

of  the  greatest  enemies  of  moral  progress  and  true  political  wisdom 

in  America. 


/O' 


ij-' 


,\  .n. 


%^. 


When  Govearnor  Smith  learned  about  thet  accusation  from  The  New  York 
Times,  he  challenged  the  pastor  to  a  public  debatot  the  place  of  which 
was  set  at  Madison  Square  Garden  in  New  York. 

We  think  Smith  got  himself  into  a  trap  from  which  he  will  not  be  able 
to  free  himself.  There  is  no  doubt  that  Rev.  Straton  in  his  arguments 
will  prove  that  Smith,  as  a  loyal  Roman- Catholic,  cannot  serve  both 
the  pope  and  the  United  States. 

When  President  Wilson,  as  a  member  of  the  Reformed  Church,  visited  the 
pope,  the  latter  ran  out  into  the  hall  end  heartily  shook  hands  with 


-    2   - 


POLISH 


Przebudzenle,   Vol.  II,   No.   34,   Aug*    19,    1928. 


the  great  and  free  American.   But   if  Smith,    as  President  of  the  United      \:<y        / 
States,  were  he  to  visit  the  Vatican  would  have  to  kiss  the  pope's  feet. 

At  any  rate,   we  are  pretty  sure  the  papal   servants  will  not  allow  Smith 
to  appear  at  the  forthcoming  public  dispute. 


POLISH 


I  J 


Dziennik  Zjednoczenia,    Aug#   11,    1928 • 

THE  TOURTHWTH  AJ^^ENDMEJCT   SHOULD  ALSO  BE  PJISPECTED 

(Editorial.) 


The  Tourteenth  Amendment  to  the  Constitution  of  the  United  States  will  cause 
a  distribution  of  mandates  for  Congressional  representative  after  each 
population  census,  which  should  "be  taken  every  ten  years. 


Since  the  census  of  1910  there  has  "been  no  revision.  The  result  is  that 
each  State  has  representatives  in  Congress,  not  according  to  the  size  of  its 
Dopulation,  or  the  1920  census,  "but  the  1910  census.   If  Congress  adaT)ted 
itself  to  the  resolution  of  the  Constitution,  each  State  would  be  reT)resented 
according  to  DODulation,  eight  would  have  a  greater  number  of  representatives, 
while  eleven  would  have  a  lesser  number. 

Prohibitionists  are  crying  about  the  necessity  for  respecting  the  Constitution, 
but  remain  silent  on  the  violation  of  this  important  resolution. 


I  J 


PCLrSH 


Dziennik  Ghicagoski,  Jec.  15,  1921. 


It  Is  Our  Protection  .vgainst  Injustice 


o 


Every  person  should  read  and  study  the  Constitution  of  the  Ijnited  states 
in  order  to  become   fa.:-iliar  7;ith  his  ri^'hts  ana   duties.      It   is  the   highest 
and  strongest  statute  of  this   country,   v/hich  oiTers   inaividual  rights  to 
the  cities  -.na   fjtates.      Becoi.e   ramiliar  v;ith  some   or  the  most   ii.portant 
facts.     Ijiov/  that  the  Constitution  or   the  L^nited  States  provides  for  the 
follov;ing: 

1)    It  maintains  a   lai^ting  government   that  is  responsible  for  the   protection 
and  welfare   of  the  "oeoTole. 


I 


)    It  gives  the  right  of  citizenship  and  the  privilege  to  vote  to  all  natior.- 
ality  groups  .-ho  have  met  the  requirements  of  the  naturalization  lav/s. 

3)  It  gives  the  voters  the  righL  to  taice  r.art  in  the  government  by  electing 
their  ovm  representatives.   It  gives  the  right  to  anyone,  ;.;ho  has  the  quali- 
fications, to  run  for  office  in  any  brunch  of  the  governiaent. 


I  J 


o 


FOLIoH 


Dzienni^-:  Chicoros-:!,  Jec.  15,  1921 


> 

^c^^ 


r  /' 


(Tlie  Presidential  ofrice  is  the  onlv  :.ublic  olTico  thc.t  is  not  ODen  to 
any  ncituralized  citizen). 

4)  It  c^arantses  the  free  e/.ercise  of  relif^ious  belici's,  '^the  freedoLi  of 
speech  or  of  the  press,  and  the  ri^'^Iit  of  the  people  peaceably  to  assemble 
and  to  petition  the  rcverni.ient  for  a  redress  of  anv  rrievances'*. 

5)  It  protects  the  ric^^t  of  the  people  "to  be  secure  in  their  persons, 
houses,  papers,  and  effects  afainst  unreasonable  searches  and  seizures 
shall  not  be  violated,  and  no  v/arrants  shall  issue  but  upon  probable  cause, 
supported  by  oath  or  affirmation,  and  particularly  lescribing  the  place  to 
be  searched  and  the  per.-ions  or  thin^^s  to  be  seized*'. 

6)  All  persons  are  e^uol  according  to  its  lav/s. 

7)  Protection  against  any  injustice  is  offered.  In  the  event  of  arrest, 

no  person  shell  be  held  to  answer  for  3  capital  or  othenvise  infancus  crine 
unless  on  a  presentment  or  indictr.ent  of  a  grand  jury,  in  cases  arising  in 
the  land  or  naval  forces,  or  the  militia,  v/hen  in  actual  service  in  time  of 


I  J 


'A 


POLISH 


Dziennirz  dhicc-^rosiii ,    De^t.    15,    19C1. 


'A 


v/ar  or  putlic  donr:er;  nor  shnll  any  person  be  ijubject  for  the  zm^^   offence 
to  be  tv/ice  put  in  jecparay  of  life  or  limb;  nor  shall  be  coii.pelled  in  any  • 
criminal  case  to  be  a  witneso  a£:ainst  hir.self ,  nor  be  deprived  of  life,  li- 
berty, or  property  v;ithcut  due  process  of  lav;;  nor  shall  private  property  be 
taken  lor  private  use,  v/ithout  just  cojapensation. 

"In  all  crirainal  prosecutions  the  accused  shall  enjoy  the  richt  to  a  speedy 
and  public  trial  by  an  ir.partial  jury  of  the  state  and  district  wherein  the 
crime  shall  have  been  committed,  v/hich  district  shall  have  been  previously 
ascertained  by  lav/;  to  be  informed  of  the  nature  and  cause  of  the  accusation; 
to  be  confronted  v/ith  the  v;itnesses  against  him;  to  have  compulsory  process 
for  obtaining  vdtnesses  in  his  favor;  he  shall  have  the  assistance  of  counsel 
for  his  defense • 

"Excessive  bail  shall  not  be  required,  nor  excer:sive  fines  ir.posed,  nor  cruel 
and  unusua]  riunishments  inflicted. 


"/V  v;ell  regulated  militia  being  necessary  to  the  security  of  a  free  state. 
The  right  of  the  people  to  keep  and  bear  arms,  shall  not  be  infringed. 


I  J 


-  4.  - 


PCLI3K 


Dzeinnik  Chic^poski,  Jec,  15,  1921. 


*'In  suits  at  ccrrwion  lav/,  ./here  the  value  in  the  controversy  sh  11  exceed 
twenty  dollars,  the  right  of  a  trial  by  jury  shnll  be  preserved,  and  no 
fact  tried  by  a  jury  shall  be  otherwise  re-exai.:ined  in  any  court  of  the 
United  States,  than  according  to  the  rules  of  the  common  lav;. 

"The  enumeration  in  the  constitution  of  certain  rights  shall  not  be  con- 
strued to  deny  or  disparage  others  retained  by  the  people. 

"The  judicial  pov;er  of  the  United  States  shall  not  be  construed  to  extend 
to  any  suit  in  lav;  or  enuity,  corirenced  or  prosecuted  a^^-ainst  one  of  the 
United  States  by  citizens  of  another  state  or  citizens  or  subjects  of  any 
foreign  state". 

Become  acquainted  v/ith  the  Constitution  of  the  United  States. 


.-^.       r 


I     J 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Chicagoski,  Dec.  14,  1921 

Tffi:  YJASEENaTON  PACT 
Peace  for  Ten  Years  Assured 

(Editorial ) 


The  V/ashington  Conference  can  adjourn  for  the  Christmas  holidays,  and  the 
members  can  go  home  with  a  peaceful  mind,  iilthough  everything  was  not 
accomplished,  for  there  was  not  sufficient  time,  what  has  been  completed 
however,  is  worthy  of  mention.  Peace  negotiations  between  the  four  great 
powers:  -England,  France,  the  United  States,  and  Japan  have  been  completed. 
Peace  has  been  assured  for  at  least  ten  years* 

This  pact,  which  paves  the  way  for  a  ''modus  Vivendi"  among  the  mentioned 
powers,  has  been  attacked  by  the  same  professional  bugbears,  who  have  been 
active  before  the  recent  -./orld  War.  Although  this  assurance  of  peace  for 
a  decade  i3  not  a  very  long  one,  there  remains  the  important  fact  that 


I  J 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


Dzlennlk  Chicagoski^  Dec.  14,  1921. 

this  move  will  make  the  United  States  an  historical  pioneer  in  the 
initiation  of  peace  treaties  between  world  powars.   It  brings  about  an 
understanding  bet7;een  a  power  on  the  far  western  side  of  the  Pacific  and 
the  dominant  powers  in  lilnropean  affairs.  This  move  ?;ill  introduce  a 
mutual  relationship  in  politics  and  /promote/  the  interests  of  these 
nations* 


This  treaty  may  be  recorded  in  history;  the  document  consists  of  only 
four  articles.  To  say  the  least,  it  is  short,  explicit,  and  to  the 
point.  A  reservation  has  been  included,  stipulating  that  in  the  event 
of  misunderstanding  in  regards  to  vital  issues  during  the  course  of 
ten  years  and  in  the  event  these  issues  cannot  be  remedied  through  regular 
diplomatic  channels,  each  power  has  the  right  to  call  a  conference  of  the 
representatives  of  the  four  countries  who  will  negotiate  peace  terms;  in 
the  event  the  interests  of  the  smaller  powers  are  threatened  by  an  agressor 
nation,  or  one  of  the  four  powers,  the  representatives  can  convene  and 
decide  what  action  to  follow.  Since  the  understanding  is  agreed  to  last 


I  J 


-  3  - 


POLISH 


Dzlennik  Chlcagoski,  Dec.  14,  1921. 

ten  years,  any  nation  can  withdraw  only  after  giving  a  twelve -inonth 
notice^ 

Indeed, the  contents  of  this  pact  are  an  important  step  towards  xvorld 
peace. 

The  importance  of  this  arrangement  becomes  more  significant  when  we 
consider  the  many  political  circiimstances  in  which  they  can  participate. 
V7e  must  take  into  consideration  that  before  this  accord  was  reached, 
before  the  greatly  interested  nations  came  to  this  understanding,  many 
barriers  had  to  be  overcome  and  many  problems  that  Confronted  the  world  had 
to  be  rectified. 


The  more  significant  questions  will  be  pointed  out: 

The  problem  of  the  Far  r^iast,  or  the  ag^gyessive  attitude  of  the  Japanese 
in  regards  to  the  affairs  of  China,  which  is  gradually  placing  the  latter 


I  J 


-  4  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Chicagoski,  Dec.  14,  1921. 

under  the  control  of  Japan;  the  questions  of  Kiau  Chau,  :.Ianchuria  and  the 
concessions  of  Japan  along  the  shores  and  waters  of  the  Chinese  coast  line, 
especially  along  eastern  China;  the  Siberian  question;  and  the  question  of 
the  Pacific  Isles,  coal  stations,  cable  lines,  and  so  forth. 

A  number  of  important  complications  had  to  be  disentangled. 

The  former  Anglo-Japanese  alliance,  for  instance,  as  well  as  the  alliance 
betv/een  the  United  States  and  JaT)an. 


This  conglomeration  of  problems  had  tc  be  settled  before  the  present 
peace  pact  could  be  a.ireed  upon  by  the  four  great  powers.  But  this  v;as 
not  all.  Some  steps  towards  effecting  a  conciliation  relative  to  the 
problems  of  Japanese-American  colonization,  im-^iigration,  and  so  forth 
had  to  be  xvorked  out;  and  an  agreement  had  to  be  reached  in  regards  to 
naval  parity.  All  this  had  to  be  thoroughly  discussed,  concessions  had 


I  J 


-  5  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Chicago3kl>  Dec.  14.,  19S1. 

to  be  granted  and,  above  all,  a  document  had  to  be  formulated  in  such 
a  fashion  that  it  would  not  be  invalidated  soon  after  its  completion. 
\7hat  was  wanted,  was  a  treaty  that  v/ould  be  a  forerunner  of  others. 
Because  of  this  principle  factor,  the  twelve  month  notice  period  for 
withdrawing  froji  this  treaty  v^as  inserted. 


The  importance  of  this  move  can  be  easily  seen  and  understood.  This  one 
year  notice  gives  ample  time  for  reflection  and  reconsideration  and 
enough  time  to  seek  other  roads,  but  above  all,  enough  time  to  abide  by 
the  original  agreement.  In  this  respect,  the  pact  can  continue  for  the 
full  duration  of  the  ten-year  period  and  perhaps  indefinitely. 

The  follovtTing  important  questions  which  are  of  imraediate  concern  to  the 
four  powers  have  been  agreed  upon: 


China,  presenting  one  of  the  most  critical  problems  in  the  East,  especially 
in  regards  to  the  relations  between  Japan  and  the  United  States,  will 


I  J 


-  5  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Chicagoski,  Dec.  14,  1921. 

receive  a  guarantee  of  its  integrity  according  to  the  treaty.  Thus,  by 
removing  the  United  States  a  considerable  distance  froii  the  spectre  of 
war,  which  has  been  lurking  in  the  offing, this  war  scare  has  been  dealt 
another  blow  by  the  Anglo- Japanese  Alliance.  Prior  to  this  agreement 
both  powers  were  cautious  of  such  conciliations.  As  a  result  of  this, 
the  United  States  has  arrived  at  a  road  of  mutual  understanding  with 
Japan  relative  to  the  question  of  the  Pacific. 


By  participating  in  this  conference,  Japan  has  again  gained  a  new 
evaluation  and  recognition  of  her  strength  and  prestige,  ivhich  she 
highly  cherishes.  Thus,  Japan  rids  herself  of  the  fear  of  war  and  its 
colossal  cost  of  preparedness.  Besides  all  this,  she  attains  her 
desires  for  expansion  in  Asia,  and  in  sections  where  no  harm  will  be 
done  to  anyone.  Is  it  in  Siberia  perhaps? 

Fffiuice,  in  this  respect,  has  gained  the  continuation  of  the  coalition 
effected  during  the  V/orld  V/ar#  She  has  also  gained  other  protective 


I  J 


-  7  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Chicagoski,  Dec.  14,  1921. 

measures  which  place  her  in  a  position  of  high  rank  in  European  affairs. 
Her  military  power  has  been  strengthened  by  her  ties  with  -England.  In 
the  event  France  is  attacked  by  Germany,  England  m.!!   be  at  her  side. 

For  many  centuries  iilngland  has  been  able  to  gain  the  greatest  advantages 
in  negotiating  international,  political  and  diplomatic  affairs.  Again 
she  has  managed  to  do  herself  a  great  good.  3he  will  still  reign  as 
^Q^ueen  of  the  Seas."  Closer  relationship  with  the  United  States  has 
been  assured,  for  she  looks  upon  the  United  States  to  make  friends  with 
Japan.  A  guarantee  of  peace  in  the  Pacific  and  along  the  southern  part 
of  Asia,  which  is  not  far  from  India,  has  been  reached.  This  is  a  place 
v/here  England  may  need  a  free  hand  in  the  near  future. 


V/hat  more  does  one  want?  Satisfaction  has  been  rendered  all.  Besides  this, 
there  is  the  ten- year  period  of  peace  to  look  forward  to.  In  the  event  of 
a  misunderstanding,  arrangements  have  been  made  to  reach  an  accord  by 
negotiation. 


Vr. 


0;i 


I  J 


-  8  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Chicagoski,  Dec.  14,  1921. 

This  is  indeed  an  optiraistic  outlook  and,  above  all,  the  pact  has  been 
completed.  The  press  toda^'  is  enthusiastically  publicizing  this  event 
throughout  the  v/orld,  and  is  ouphasizing  the  nany  advantages  it  offers. 
It  asserts  that  a  de:^irable  precedent  has  been  set  by  the  fulfillment  of 
the  V/ashington  pact.  The  fears  of  war  have  been  melted  by  it  and  rumors 
of  an  impendin^^  struggle  betv/een  Japan  and  the  united  States  have  bnjn 
dispelled.  Vlithin  a  s^iort  time  the  benefits  of  tjiis  arrangement  vJill  be 
felt  by  all. 


The  "Vashincton  pact  is  also  important  in  respect  to  another  phase  of 
international  affairs,  for  it  is  an  excellent  conclusion  of  nGP;otiations 
with  iinerica  and  ASia.  This  can  be  compared  with  the  League  of  Mations 
which  is  instrumontal  in  /managing  iuropean  affairs.  Although  the 
United  States  does  not  belong  to  the  League,  the  pov/ers  tliat  have  joined 
the  .ashington  pact  do..  In  this  respect,  it  is  believed  that  these  nations 
may  influence  Aiiterica  in  being  favorably  inclined  tov/ards  the  League  of 
Nations.  .  ut  it  is  apparent  that  the  United  States  have  no  desire  for 


I  J 


-  9  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Chicagoski,  Doc.  14,  19£1* 

this — let  her  insist  on  this.  Nevertheless,  the  V.ashington  paot  will 
handle  the  affairs  cf  Asia  and  America  just  as  the  League  handles  the 
peace  status  in  ICurope, 

As  a  result,  both  ends  of  the  world  will  be  united  by  alliances.  The 
sole  purpose  of  these  treaties  will  be  the  maintenance  of  peace  and  the 
prevention  of  unnecessary  bloodshed.  It  is  sincerely  believed  that  such 
international  bartering  for  peace  will  bring  about  a  release  of  war 
tension.  One  must  admit  that  nothing  drastically  wrong  will  occur  which 
may  precipitate  another  world  war. 


««-  ^;<)k. 


I  J 


PCLI3H 


Polonia,  Nov.   24,    19£1. 


1H2  nR;:>T  T£i.v:iuiGIVIi:G 


WPA  (iu:^  -i^ 


Ttie  fciinderG  of  this  ^^reat  I^epubiic  of  the  United  States  cane  h^re  from 
iiingland  v;lien  all  this  land  was  one   terrible  valderness  inhabited  by- 
Indians.  To  make  a  hoine  here  in  the  shores  of  -^>raerica  v;as,  indeed,  a 
heroic  task,  ^ihat  brought  the  first  ii.unigrants  to  our  shores?  ..hat 
was  it  that  made  then  leave  the  v.ell  cultivated  lands  of  i-n^jLandV  'Ihe 
cozy  hones  they  have  loved  so  much,  and  all  that  was  dear  to  them  and 
come  here  and  suffer  indescribable  hardships  of  pioneer  life?  The 
answer  to  this  question  is,  indeed,  a  wonderful  story  of  devotion  to 

truth,  to  freedom  of  conscience;  of  untold  coura';e. 

f 

There,  in  the  i^n^^lish  hone:.,  they  were  ha  py  until  xvin,^  James  began  to 
persecute  all  ivho  broke  away  from  the  state  church:  the  Church  of 
England.  The  persecution  was  very  severe;  men  and  women  were  jailed, 
fl0t:ged,  pilloried,  and  other^vise  tormented  for  their  faith.  They  were 
not  allowed  to  worship  in  their  ov/n  way.  Rather  than  submit  to  the 
king's  will,  the  men   and  women  of  deep  convictions  decided  to  leave 


I  J 


-2- 


PCLI3K 


Foloniaa     Nov.   24,   1921.  '-^^1^%^^' 

• »  '   \     * 

iiinglaiid.  i^'irst  they  sailed  to  Holland  (16C7-1G08)  to  the  cities  of 
iiiiisterdain  and  Leyden,  but  they  found  it  was  hard  to  make  a  living  there 
and  especially  that  their  --hildren  v*ere  for^iettins  the  iiin^lish  lan{^uase: 
their  mother  tongue.  iTor  these  reasons  they  decided  to  £0   to  i-cnerica, 
where  they  hoped  to  lay  the  foundation  of  a  country  all  their  ov^n,  v/here 
they  might  enjoy  boT:h  religious  and  national  freedom.   Because  of  this 
going  from  place  to  place,  those  who  started  for  America  vvere  called  the 
"PilgrLms."  That  is  \^hy   v/e  sing,  "Land  of  the  Pil^:ri^ls*  pride."  These 
pilgrL.is  started  from  Holland  in  the  sa^L^er  of  1620.  They  were  delayed 
in  -eingland  until  September  6.  '^ae   na'ie  of  the  ship  in  which  they  sailed 
v;as  the  "Llayf lower,"  a  co:.iparatively  small  Sail  boat.  For  nine  terrible 
weeks  the  pilgrims  were  tossed  about  on  the  waves  of  the  -^.tlaatic,  until 
they  finally  landed  near  Cape  Cod  and  decided  to  settle  there.   It  was 
on  the  21st  of  December,  1620.   It  was  a  bitterly  cold  day.  -till  that 
there  was  to  welcome  the  heroic  little  band  .vere  woods  laden  v;ith  thick 
snow  and  the  cold  north  wind  hoveling  throa^di  the  branches.  Only  the 
bravest  could  stand  the  hardship  of  the  first  days,  fortunately,  the 


1--  -fr 


I  J 


-3- 


poLisa 


Polonia,  Nov.  24,  1921 • 


pilj^rims  were  the  bravest  of  the  brave,  fired  ivith  a  passion  for  freedom. 
They  were  not  discouraged  by  the  difficulties,  hovjever  great;  but  set  to 
work  to  build  their  hones  in  which  they  were  determined  to  stay  for  the 
rest  of  their  lives.  Iheir  first  year  in  .iiaerica  was  full  of  hard  work, 
sickness,  fa::ine,  and  danger.  ».hat  heroes  must  they  have  been  to  suffer 
all  this  so  that  they  might  be  froe.  »Vhat  a  precious  jev^el  must  freedom 
be  to  be  worth  such  threat  sacrifices.  Do  v/e  value  it  enouj^*;  V^hat  are 
we  doing  to  keep  to  preserve  the  priceless  treasure  left  us  by  the 
Pilgrim  fathers?  Their  labor  and  sacrifices  were  not  in  vain.  Time 
came  when  the  terrible  winter,  durinf^  which  many  of  their  number  died, 
passed,  ^t  last  in  the  fall  they  were  able  to  gather  in  their  crops 
and  celebrate  their  first  victory  over  the  wilderness. .  The  corner- 
stone of  their  new  country  had  been  laid.  They  knew  now  that  they  would 
have  a  home  of  their  own  where  they  could  enjoy  freedom  of  conscience 
and  remain  true  to  their  national  ideals. 


No  wonder  that  they  decided  to  celebrate  this  event,  and  that  they  set 


I  J 


-4- 


PCLI3H 


Polonia,  Nov.  24,  1921. 


WP^ 


/••;M' 


r^-: 


apart  a  fevj  days  during  which  they  were  to  feast,  to  rejoice  and  to  give 
thanks.  The  first  thanksgiving  day  ;vas  a  great  event;  even  the  Indians 
were  invited,  '^hey  had  helped  the  settlers  during  the  hard  winter  by 
selling  them  furs  and  corn;  they  had  sho'vm  them  how  to  plant  corn  and 
were  great  friends  of  the  white  men.   -i-hey  had  brought  five  deer  for  the 
feast  and  entertained  the  settlers  vjith  wild  Indian  games.  The  white 
men  in  turn  gave  the  Indian  exhibitions  of  military  tactics  and  maneuver- 
ing. In  1625  another  day  of  feasting  and  thanksgiving  was  held,  and  after 
that  every  year  a  day  was  set  apart  as  a  Thanksgiving  Day,  until  in  our 
day  the  last  Thursday  of  November  is  a  national  legal  holiday. 


r.-' 


w 


I  J 


PO^J^II 


Polonia,   Jun?  30,   1921,   Tol.  XIY,  ^'^o.   26. 


ABR/JIAJ:  LINCOLN 


The  life  of  Lincoln  should   be  an  inspiration  to  everyone.     TTot  hnvinr  the 
advantages  of  a  fon:ial   education,   he  studied   in  his   snare   time  beside  a 
fireplace.     lie   studied  and  practiced   Imi  a  nunber  of  years.      In  1850  he  was 
elected  President  of  the  United  States.      At  the  beginning  of  his  presidency, 
eleven  states  seceded.     This  was  follov;ec  by  four  years  of  civil  war  and  the 
victory  of  the  Union  for  which  '^.incoln  had  stood  unalterably. 

Kis   fairious  Gettysburg  address   from  v-hich  we  quote  should  be  studied. 

^^Fourscore  and  seven  :^ears  af^o,  our  fathers  brour-ht  forth  on  this  continent  a 
new  nation  conceived  in  liberty  and  dedicated  to  the  proposition  that  all  men 
are  created  equal.... we  here  hirhly  resolve  that  government  of  the  people,  by 
the  people,   and  for  the  people  shall   -^ot  perish  from   the  earth. ^ 

Lincoln  kept   the   states  united.     VJashington  won  our  independence.     Both  were 


"v3 


s^^ 


• 

CD 


en 


I  J 


POLISH 


Polonia,   June  30,   1921,   Vol.   XIV,   Ko.   2f>. 


honest,    industrious,    and  law-ebidinrr.      Thsy  loved  the  United  States,   respected 
its  flag,   and  supported  its  Constitution,     ''^e  should  do  our   share   to  keep  It 
the  1  nd  of  the  free  and  the  home  of  the  brave.  .•^• 


v'.rf 


rJ-^  <t:'a«i'*'  fcilt-  to  J  tJ^^w:-  -~ 


it 


I  J  POLISH 

WPA  (ILL)  PROJ.  30275 
Polonia,   Vol*  XIII.   Ho*  27,    July  1,   1920* 

FATHER  OP  THE  FOURTH 
JEFFERSON,   THE  TRUE  FRIEND  OF  LIBERTY  AND  THE  ENEUY 

OF  ALL  FORMS  OF  DESPOTISM 

The  father  of  this  country  is  Oeorge  Washington,  but  the  father  of  the 
Fourth  of  July  is  Hiomas  Jefferson* 

Jefferson  wrote  the  Declaration  of  Independence  the  fourth  of  July,  1T76* 
Forever  thereafter  that  day  was  and  will  be  the  Glorious  Fourth*  The 
Declaration  of  Independence  was  a  special  plea  for  the  ri^ts  of  the 
indiTldual*  The  whole  life  of  Thomas  Jefferson  was  a  protest  against 
the  old  time  tyranny  which  sou^t  to  limit  the  development  and  action 
of  individual  man*  Jefferson  loved  liberty  and  despised  despotism*  He 
was  the  principal  pioneer  of  democracy  in  all  the  world*  On  this  account 
all  that  he  did  and  said  an  wrote,  his  manner  of  living  caid  working,  his 
home  and  his  surroundings,  are  of  interest  to  the  world* 

So  far  as  real  human  interest  goes,  the  home  of  Jefferson  was  and  is  more 


A 


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Polonla.  Vol.  XIII,  No.  27,  July  1,  1920. 


POLISH 


ir:PA  (ILL)  Pr^OJ- 30275 


fruitful  of  entertaitiing  aneodotes  and  remlnis  censes  than  the  hone  of 
Washington*  Both  homes  are  in  Virginia.  Jefferson's  home,  whioh  he  oalled 
Hontioello,  shares  with  Mount  Vernon  the  reverenoe  emd  hOMage  of  Amerioans 
who  have  inherited  the  prioeless  blessings  of  republican  governnent,  for 
iriiioh  Washington  fought  with  his  sword  and  Jefferson  with  his  pen. 

Hontioello  is  one  of  Anerioa^s  shrines  of  pilgrimage*  The  house  shoim 
belovr  is  three  miles  from  the  toim  of  Charlottesrillet  Albemarle  Countyt 
115  miles  from  V/ashington*  Fewer  persons  visit  it  beoause  it  is  muoh 
more  remote  from  the  medn  traveled  roads  than  is  Uount  Vernont  almost 
within  sight  of  the  national  oapital* 

At  Monti oello  Jefferson  lived  nearly  sixty  years*  V/ithin  a  stone's  throw 
he  spent  his  entire  life,  for  he  was  born  on  the  estatet  and  though  he 
was  absent  for  several  yeeors  in  France  as  Amerioan  minister,  and  for  eight 
years  as  President  of  the  United  States,  and  while  holding  other  offices, 
that  was  always  his  home*  He  loved  it  above  all  other  spots  on  ecurth,  fr<»i 


ii 


-  3  - 


LISH 


Polonla>  Vol*  XIII,  No.  27,  July  1,  1920*  'vp;^  (|ll)  PROJ.  30275 

the  oradle  to  the  grave*  Ihere  his  oradle  was  rooked  and  there  his  grave 
was  madOf  when  after  eighty-three  years  of  labor  for  the  rigjbts  of  man  he 
died  on  the  Fourth  of  July,  exaotly  fifty  years  after  the  signing  of  the 
D^olaration  of  Independenoe*  It  was  given  to  him  to  experienoe  half  a 
oentury  of  the  fruits  of  his  own  efforts  toward  a  more  equitable  form 
of  government,  something  newt)  human  sooiety* 

History  of  Montioello 

In  1769  Jefferson  began  the  oonstruotion  of  his  mansion  on  the  mountain 
above  Charlottesville*  On  New  Tear*s  day  of  1772  he  took  thither  his 
bride,  the  beautiful  young  widow,  Mrs*  Skelton,  whose  husband,  Bathurst 
Skelton  had  died  when  she  was  in  her  nineteenth  year,  leaving  her  a  oon- 
siderable  fortune*  She  was  about  twenty-three  when  Jefferson  married  her* 
lirs«  Jefferson  was  a  singularly  beautiful  woman,  with  auburn  hair  to 
matoh  the  red  looks  of  her  famous  husband*  She  lived  only  about  ten 
years  after  her  seoond  marriage* 


..M^ii»^j,iiii»ia-'>g-jiB^'^'cg«-;)t''(;a»ctc.':(ii..y,»»>'j-' 


I   J 


-  4  - 


POUSH 


Polonia.  Vol.  Hllt  Ho«  27,  July  1,  1920. 

Jefferson  never  took  another  wife«  His  daughter  was  the  alstress  of 
liontioello  atti  likewise  the  mistress  of  the  exeoutive  ouansion  irixen 
Jefferson  was  President  of  the  United  States*  Jefferson  surTived  his 
wife  by  44  years* 

For  the  last  50  years  of  his  life  Jefferson  was  hoi)ele8sly  insolvent* 
Prom  time  to  time  his  preoious  estate  and  home  were  in  imminent  danger 
of  being  sold  over  his  head*  His  debts  were  dae  to  various  oauses* 

For  one  thing  he  put  his  name  on  notes  for  friends  and  was  held  re- 
sponsible for  large  sums*  Hien  he  was  an  extravagant  entertainer*  His 
house  was  perhaps  the  most  oommodious  and  meuiorlike  in  Aaerioa*  He  was 
famous  on  two  oontinents.  Every  person  of  distinotion  who  oame  from 
Europe  to  visit  the  United  States  made  liontioello  his  ohief  objeotive* 
He  must  see  the  *Sage.'  It  oost  the  "Sage*  money,  of  oourse* 

The  ohambers  oocupied  by  Mr*  and  Mrs*  Jefferson  are  most  interesting* 


II 


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POUSH 


Polonla>  Vol*  XIII,  No*  27.  July  1.  1920*    FA  (ILL)  PROJ.  30275 


Jefferson,  a  radical  in  all  things,  a  progressive  in  an  age  that  was 
not  pcurtioularly  progressive,  had  ideas  of  his  oirn  with  regard  to  house- 
hold furniture*  Heretofore  people  had  slept  in  massive,  oumbersome  beds 
with  great  posts  or  frames  at  the  foot  and  head*  Jefferson  changed  this 
for  himself  and  his  wife*  He  built  tiro  rooms  connected  by  a  wide  arch- 
way*  In  this  archway  he  placed  the  Jeffersonian  bed,  which  was  merely 
a  large  couch  of  simple  design  minus  the  unnecessary  foot  and  head  work* 
Ihe  bed  closed  up  the  eorohway,  there  being  no  other  communication 
betireen  the  two  rooms*  In  one  of  the  chambers  Urs*  Jefferson  made  her 
boudoir*  In  the  otlier  Thomas  Jefferson  studied  and  wrote*  When  Urs* 
Jefferson  was  ready  to  retire  she  disrobed  in  her  boudoir  and  climbed 
into  the  bed  from  her  side*  When  Ur*  Jefferson  sought  the  refreshment 
of  Morpheus,  he  disrobed  in  his  study  and  climbed  into  the  bed  from 
his  side*  It  was  all  very  handy* 

Jefferson's  Monument 
The  epitath  on  the  original  monument  over  Jefferson's  grave  was  written 


\^ 


I  J 


-  6  - 


POLISH 


Polonia.  Vol.  XIII,  Ho.  27,  July  1,  1920. 


,'0 


A  (ILL.)PROJ.3Q2^ 


by  Jefferson  hinself*  It  reads  s  *Here  was  buried  Ihonas  Jefferson*  author 
of  the  Deolcuration  of  Independenoe*  of  the  Statute  of  Virginia  for  Reli* 
gious  Freedom  and  Father  of  the  University  of  Virginia*"  It  thus  appears 
that  Jefferson  was  more  proud  of  these  three  aohievements  than  of  being 
President  of  the  United  States*  as  he  does  not  even  mention  the  latter 
distinction* 

• 

Prom  a  hilltop  near  Monti oello  one  may  see  the  birthplaces  of  three  men 
whose  work  and  wisdom  added  to  the  United  States  nearly  one  half  of  its 
present  territory  on  this  continent*  Iliese  men  were:  Jeffersont  George 
Rogers  Clarkt  and  Uarriwither  Lewis*  Throu^  the  efforts  of  Clark*  the 
states  of  %io9  Indiana*  Illinois*  V/isconsin  and  part  of  Michigan  were 
added  to  our  domain*  Merriwither  Lewis*  with  a  younger  brother  of  George 
Rogers  Clcurk*  was  sent  by  Jefferson  on  the  famous  trip  of  exploration 
and  discovery  which  mcmy  years  later  resulted  in  giving  Uncle  Sam  the 
title  to  the  Pacific  Northwest* 


i 


I  J 


POLISH 


Dzieiinik  Zwiazko7;y>  Mar.  20,  1919 


MjLmC^ii:   AIO  POLISH  IDEALS 


The  picture  of  Poland  as  a  land  of  freonen  surrounded  by  autocracies  should 
not  vanisl:  frori  the  mind  of  the  student.  For  here  vie   find  the  explanation 
why  the  Pole,  after  scores  of  years  under  foreign  autocratic  rule,  is  an 
indoir.itable  lover  of  liberty — the  eternal  freeman.  Often  an  American  student 
of  Polish  history,  looking:  over  the  old  history  of  Poland,  will  find  that  all 
the  inhabitants  of  that  land  ivere  not  strictly  free.  Some  of  the  lower  classes 
lived  in  bondaf--e,  and  in  Lithuania  in  the  early  centuries,  slavery  v/as  knovm. 
The  republic  v/as  a  republic  of  nobles,  or  **Szlachta,**  not  a  republic  based  on 
universal  suffrage. 

But  v/e  Americans  all  regard  the  Declaration  of  Independence  as  a  genuine  doc- 
ument of  liberty,  as  the  monuniontal  record  of  a  free  people's  freedom.  V/e 
all  know  that  the  Declaration  was  \Yritten  by  a  slaveholder,  Thomas  Jefferson; 
that  the  general  of  the  American  armies  who  became  the  president  of  the 
Constitutional  Convention  and  the  firso  President  was  a  slaveholder,  George 
V/ashington. 


Ca3 


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Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  Mar.  20,  1919* 


Aiid  all  the  free  peoples  of  the  world  look  back  with  tlirillinr  hearts  to  the 
dawn  of  a  certain  June  morning  a  Runnymede  on  the  Thanes,  in  the  year  of  1215. 
There  v/e  knov/  tliat  the  barons  of  England  v/ith  tlieir  arraed  forces,  criristened 
as  the  amy  of  God  and  the  church,  forced  King  John  to  sign  the  Iv'agna  Charta. 
iind  we  still  regard  that  Llagna  Charta  as  a  priceless  treasure,  a  safeguard 
of  liberty,  though  the  barons  who  signed  it  v/ere  feudal  barons  v/hose  lands 
were  tilled  by  serfs.  And  we  are  not  v/rong  in  cherishing  the  I.Iagna  Charta. 
We  are  not  wrong  in  revering  the  Declaration  of  Independence.  The  groat 
leaders  of  the  Amy  of  God  and  church  v/ere  believers  in  liberty.  They  made  as 
bold  and  as  great  a  stroke  for  liberty  as  they  could.  They  established  forever 
the  status  of  freemen,  the  principles  of  justice,  and  all  that  later  generations 
had  to  do  was  to  extend  to  all  classes  the  rigiits  gained  by  the  Great  Charter. 


"-D 


o 


Ca3 
CI 


The  greater  leaders  of  the  Continental  Congress  v/erc  b-ilievors  in  liberty. 
V/hen  the  movement  for  the  abolition  of  slavery  was  started,  its  leaders  drev/ 
great  words  of  inspiration  from  declarations  by  the  founders  of  the  republic, 
even  from  men  ./ho  held  slaves.  The  founders  of  the  American  republic-- 


I  J 


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POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  Mar.  20,  1919. 

V/ashington,  Jefferson,  Franklin,  Jay,  Marshall,  Madison,  Adams — all  perceived 
that  the  logic  of  the  Declairation  of  Independence  meant  the  removal  of  this 
national  inconsistency  of  African  slavery. 


It  was  the  spirit  of  freedom  triumphant  in  English  hearts  on  that  June  morning 
in  Runnjnnede  that  made  possible  all  the  later  advances,  made  possible  the 
Commonwealth  of  Cromwell  and  the  steady  expansion  of  freedom.  It  v/as  a  spirit 
of  freedom  in  American  hearts  which  expressed  itself  in  the  Declaration  and 
later  in  the  great  moral  crusade  which  culminated  in  the  Emancipation  Proclama- 
tion. 

Both  the  Pole  of  today  and  the  outside  admirer  of  the  Polish  historic  spirit 
knows  that  the  old  Kingdom-Republic  was  less  free  than  the  Republic  of 
Paderewski  will  be.  But  the  Pole  knows  also,  with  a  proud  realization,  that 
the  great  principles  of  his  forefathers  are  to  be  the  principles  of  the  new 
Republic.  The  outside  student  of  Polish  history  must  recognize  with  reverence 


o 


03 

CD 


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Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  Mar.  20,  1919 


that  the  old  Kingdom-Republic  did  establish  some  of  the  same  principles  of 
liberty  which  are  more  precious  than  life  to  the  subjects  of  Great  Britain 
or  the  citizens  of  the  United  States. 

The  spirit  of  freedom  was  in  the  Polish  constitution  and  in  the  very  funda- 
mentals of  the  Polish  political  structure.   It  was  limited,  nov;  and  then, 
by  growing  institutions  and  the  pressure  of  outside  nations.  But  Poland  was 
never  feudalized  into  small  and  large  lordships  like  France  and  Spain.  Poland 
never  had  a  nobleman  vho  could  be  called  a  kingmaker,  like  the  irresistible  Earl 
of  ?/arwick  v/ho  first  enthroned  and  then  dethroned  Ed^vard  IV.  All  the  members 
of  the  nobility  were  kingmakers,  for  all  voted  on  the  kingship;  but  none  could 
enthrone  a  king  over  the  rest,  for  that  king  could  have  no  title  unless  it  was 
bestowed  on  him  by  the  votes  of  the  nobles. 


T3 

5=* 


nc? 


O 

CO 


And  who  v/ere  these  nobles?  They  were  not  dukes  and  earls  and  counts  and  barons 
in  carefully  arranged  ranks •  The  writers  on  Polish  ^listory  had  difficulty  in 
explaining  the  character  of  the  Polish  nobility  until  a  German,  Von  L'oltke, 


I  J 


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Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  Ivlar*  20,  1919 


wrote  a  cold  but  illiiminatinp:  study  of  the  destroyed  republic.  Von  Moltke, 
himself  an  imperialist,  saw  clearly  that  the  Polish  principle  v/as  the 
principle  of  the  freeman,   ^Poland, ^  he  exclaims,  "preserved  dov/n  to  the 
nineteenth  century  the  old  social  organization  of  the  Goths  and  the  Kelts 
where  all  freemen  7/ere  noble  and  all  noblemen  were  equal."  He  remarks  also 
as  a  military  authority  that  the  Polish  anr.y  was  an  army  not  of  soldiers,  but 
of  kniglithood.  He  dwells  on  the  great  military  achievements  of  the  Polish 
horsemen  and  the  comparative  smallness  of  the  infantry  in  the  early  Polish  wars. 
Thus  in  Poland  nobility  did  not  mean  a  great  castle  and  immense  fields.   It 
merely  laeant  freedom.  The  nobles  were  men  v/ho  were  not  the  subjects  of  any 
other  man.  They  were  neither  serfs  nor  slaves.  They  might  be  rich,  very  rich 
owners  of  plains  and  villages,  or  tliey  might  be  poor,  even  penniless.  But 
poor  or  rich,  holding  vast  lands  or  holding  nothing,  all  were  equal. 


-TO 

:3> 


CO 

cn 


Each  had  one  vote  in  the  Diet.  Each  had  one  vote  in  the  election  of  the  king. 
Each  had  the  same  rank.  Each  felt  himself  the  peer  of  any  prince  in  Europe, 
And   the  plainest  man  outside  the  "Szlachta"  class  might  be  raised  to  that  rank 


r 


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POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkov/y,  I.!ar,  20,  1919 • 

for  bravery.  There  v/ere  v/hole  villages  of  nobles,  and  in  one  heroic  story  a 
re{^inent  v/as  made  noble  for  a  heroic  deed. 


These  principles  were  the  principles  of  no  small  group.  The  nobles  were  much 
more  numerous  than  the  nobility  of  any  other  land.  At  one  royal  election 
300,000  male  adults  voted.  As  centuries  elapsed  and  f:reat.er  principles  of 
liberty  grew  in  the  Polish  hearts,  and  after  the  fierce  struggles  for  libera- 
tion came,  the  Polish  thinkers  sought  for  principles  o:'  liberty  and  found 
them  in  the  rights  of  the  Polish  nobility. 


5» 


o 


I  J 

III  B  3  a 


POLISH 


Dzleginik  Zwlezkovy,  Feb,  12,  1918* 


IF  KOSCniSKO  Hi'J)  BEEN  LINCODI 


(Editorial) 


On  the  eve  of  a  great  day,  humanity  needs  great  men.  Nature,  which  in  some 
almost  miraculous  way,  manages  to  maintain  some  sort  of  balance,  always  Rives 
a  nation  geniuses  during  times  of  great  strain,  so  that,  standing  in  the  breach, 
they  can  direct  the  destinies  of  a  given  nation,  not  toward  destruction  but 
toward  progress,  happiness,  and  prosperity.   It  depends  upon  each  individual 
nation  whether  these  geniuses  can  guide  it  clear  of  misfortunes  and  civil  wars. 
It  is  a  fortunate  nation  that  recognizes  its  leader  immediately  as  such  a 
genius,  and  follows  him,  throwing  everything  into  the  balance.  And  unfortunate 
is  that  nation  which  produces  a  genius,  and  imderestimating  him  does  not  support 
him  wholeheartedly,  and  does  not  follow  him  into  battle  against  even  the  great- 
est odds. 


-o 


CD 


The  twelfth  day  of  February,  though  in  different  years,  gave  a  genius  to  each  of 


I  J 

III  B  3  a 


^  2  ' 


Dzlennik  Zwiazkov/y,  Feb.   12,   1918, 


POLISH 


two  nations  of  the  world:  Lincoln  to  America,  and  Kosciusko  to  Poland,,  Each 
stood  at  the  head  of  his  nation  during  a  great  crisis,  each  led  his  nation 
into  battle,  each  maintained  his  principles  unswervingly  until  death,  and  each 
became  a  national  hero  to  posterity*   Only  the  conditions  under  \\1iich  each  man 
found  himself  were  not  alike.  Kosciusko  led  his  nation  to  battle  in  a  struggle 
against  an  external  enemy,  while  Lincoln  guided  his  nation  through  one  of  the 
greatest  civil  wars,  a  terrible  fratricidal  struggle.  But  instead  of  winning, 
Kosciusko  lost — instead  of  losing,  Lincoln  won. 

V/hy?  Because  Lincoln  knew  how  to  win  the  faith  of  the  masses,  and  he  had  the 
means  to  do  so.  Then  too,  he  could  lead  an  army  of  millions  into  battle. 
Lincoln  was  recognized  /as  a  great  man/  b:^'  the  peorle  of  the  northern  states; 
they  obeyed  him  and  followed  him  into  battle,  plunging  deep  into  the  blood  of 
their  brethren-- to  triumph  finally  and  to  create  lor  the  future  the  greatest 
republic  in  the  world,  great  enough  almost  to  dictate  to  the  world.  Lincoln 
did  not  hesitate  before  this  fratricide,  though  his  country  was  in  flames  and 
flowed  rivers  of  blood.  He  moved  unswervingly  forward,  for  he  knew  that  from 


:3 


■.•rj 
c  • 


I  J 

III  B  3  a 


-  3  - 


Dzlennik  Zwiazkoiwy^  Feb.  12,  1918. 


POLISH 


this  blood  and  conflagration  woiild  rise  the  prosperity  and  might  of  the  nation. 

Kosciusko,  on  the  other  hand,  was  supported  by  a  mere  handful  of  his  countrymen. 
Fearing  to  shed  the  blood  of  his  brethren,  weeping  at  the  violence  of  the 
aroused  people  of  V/arsaw,  who  decorated  the  city's  lamp  posts  with  the  bodies 
of  renegades  and  traitors  to  the  country,  Kosciusko  either  did  not  know  how  or 
did  not  want  to  force  the  entire  Polish  nation  to  obedience,  to  seize  it  and 
lead  it  in  force  against  the  enemy,   even  at  the  cost  of  shedding  his  brethren's 
blood.     Although  he  was  a  genius  as  a  commander,  he  was  too  gentle,   too  ideal- 
istic.    He  wanted  to  see  around  him'only  such  great  hearts  as  his  own,   never 
thinking  to  force  anyone  to  obedience  to  save  the  country.     Thus,  he  lost, 
while  Lincoln  won.     But  for  the  same  reason,  Kosciusko  lived  to  a  venerable 
old  age,  honored  and  loved  by  all  his  associates;  while  Lincoln  died  a  martyr's 
death  at  the  hands  of  a  countryman  opposed  to  him. 


And  certainly  Kosciusko  had  certain  conditions  under  i^toich  he  might  have  been 
able  to  swing  the  balance  of  victory  to  Poland's  side  and  win  freedc»n  for  his 


I  J 

III  B  3  a 


-  4  - 


Dzlennlk  Zwlazkowy,  Feb.  12,  1918. 


POLISH 


country.  Kosciusko  was  as  democratic  as  Lincoln,  but  of  such  a  character 

that,  seeing  the  evils  of  the  nobles,  he  either  did  not  want  to  or  did  not 

know  how  to  remove  thesfn*  There  were  occasions  when  a  given  noble,  indignant 

that  his  peasants  joined  Kosciusko^s  army,  brazenly  dared  to  enter  the  camp 

and  take  back  his  subjects.   Instead  of  having  such  a  noble  whipped  or  even 

hanged  on  the  most  convenient  tree  for  interfering  with  his  army,  Kosciusko 

not  only  allowed  him  to  go  free,  but  gave  him  his  peasants  also.  It  is 

easily  understood,  then,  that  under  such  conditions  Kosciusko's  army  could 

not  grow  to  the  necessary  strength.  The  leader  of  the  peasants  did  not  receive  <^ 

the  unqualified  support  of  his  people.   The  nobles  were  peacefully  tilling  theirc^ 

land  while  the  destinies  of  the  nation  were  being  decided  at  Raclawice  and 

Maciejowice.  Had  Kosciusko  been  Lincoln,  he  would  have  called  everyone  to  arms, 

under  pain  of  death  for  refusal,  whether  it  were  noble,  townsman,  or  peasant, 

and  would  have  marched  to  Moscow  over  the  bodies  of  Russian  soldiers. 


T7 


But  Kosciusko's  principles  of  personal  liberty  had  reached  an  idealistic  state 
and  he  would  not  go  against  them.     He  did  not  want  to   force  anyone,  knowing  in 


I  J 

III  B  3  a 


-  5  - 


POLISH 


Dziennlk  Zwlazkowy,  Feb.  12,  1918. 


his  own  exalted  soul  that  everyone  ought  to  value  and  love  his  country  and 
give  his  blood  for  it  if  necessary.  With  these  conceptions,  unfortunately, 
Kosciusko  was  generations  ahead  of  the  nation.  He  did  not  understand  the 
people,  nor  did  the  people  understand  him.  And  so  it  happened  that,  unsup- 
ported by  his  own  people  for  wh(»n  he  heroically  risked  his  life,  he  fell  at 
Maciejowice,  to  find  himself  later  in  a  St.  Petersburg  prison.  Although  he 
was  freed,  he  never  again  drew  his  sword  to  fight  for  his  country. 


,il.  .         M^liiiM 


I      J 

III  H 
I  Q 
17 


POLISH 


Dziennlk  Zwiazkowy,  Oct.  15,  1917. 


KOSCIUSKO  AND  LINCOLN 


(Contributed) 

On  the  same  day,  ed though  not  in  the  same  year,  two  great  men  were  born;  each 
fought  for  truth  and  justice,  and  although  they  were  from  different  nations, 
their  characters  were  similar.  They  were  the  American  Abraham  Lincoln  and  the 
Pole  Ihaddeus  Kosciusko.  The  names  of  both  of  these  men  are  well  known  to 
the  world — every  schoolchild  in  Europe  and  in  America  knows  them. 

Kosciusko  was  the  first  to  come  into  the  world,  for  he  was  bom  on  February  12 , 
1746,  in  Mereczowszcyzna  in  Poland.  Lincoln  was  bom  on  February  12,  1809,  in 
Harding  County  in  the  State  of  Kentucky,  in  the  United  States.  And  yet  the 
spirits  of  these  men,  living  in  different  hemispheres,  were  alike,  for  they 
both  loved  freedom  and  they  both  worked  for  justice  for  the  oppressed. 

Ihaddeus  Kosciusko  was  the  leader  and  dictator  of  the  Polish  nation  at  a  time 


o 


;-  ■[^■ll><MM»fcliJaMMJ»*Mi 


I  J  -  2  -  POLISH 

III  H 

I  G  Dziennlk  Zirlazkowy,  Oct.  15,  1917# 

IV 

when  it  was  attacked  by  three  hostile  neighbors  and  had  to  fight  for 
its  freedom  and  for  its  very  existence, 

Lincoln  was  the  sixteenth  president  of  the  young  American  republic,  and  he, 
too,  had  to  fight  a  civil  war^  for  the  freedom  of  the  slaves  in  the  South  and 
to  preserve  the  Union. 

Upon  his  death,  Kosciusko  willed  the  great  grants  of  land  given  him  by  the 
American  government  in  reward  for  his  services  in  the  struggle  for  independence 
to  be  used  in  buying  freedom  for  slaves  in  America,  or  at  least  in  making  their 
lives  easier*  Kosciusko *s  executor  was  supposed  to  have  been  Jefferson,  but 
actually,  it  was  Abraham  Lincoln,  for  it  was  he  vdio  rescued  the  Negroes  from 
slavery,  cdthough  it  was  necessary  to  spill  blood  to  do  so. 

They  were  kindred  souls,  these  great  men,  €Uid  their  modem  prototype  in 
President  Wilson,  for  he,  too,  is  struggling  for  the  freedom  of  oppressed 
humanity. 


I  J  -  3  -  POLISH 

III  H 

I  G  Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  Oct.   15,  1917# 

IV 

While  the  characters,  principles,  and  virtues  of  Lincoln  and  Kosciusko 
were  alike,  the  conditions  under  which  they  lived  and  acted  were  immensely 
different*  Kosciusko  came  at  a  time  when  Poland  was  already  torn  apart  into 
three  sections,  when  the  hostile  deluge  had  already  poured  destructively 
over  the  age-old  Polish  lands,  when  Poland  no  longer  had  an  army  of  any  size, 
when  the  enemy  had  taken  or  destroyed  everything,  while  the  Polish  nation  was 
torn  by  internal  dissension.  Under  such  conditions  it  was  difficult  to  fight 
and  to  win,  especially  since  there  were  three  powerful  enemies  to  fight  against. 

Lincoln,  however,  found  himself  in  a  much  better  position  when,  as  president  of 
the  United  States,  he  had  to  take  up  the  bitter  struggle  to  abolish  slavery. 
He  ruled  over  a  free,  unoppressed  country,  he  had  money  and  numerical  force 
with  which  to  enter  the  struggle  for  justice  and  the  preservation  of  the  union. 
Had  the  kings  of  Poland,  with  the  people  back  of  them,  turned  in  this  way  to  the 
great  nobles  and  landlords  of  Poland  Just  as  Lincoln  did  to  the  greater  planters 
of  the  South,  they  would  surely  have  saved  Poland  from  destruction  and  slavery. 
And  in  the  United  States,  who  can  predict  what  would  have  happened  had  not 


cr 


I  J 

III  H 
I  G 
IV 


-  4  - 


POLISH 


Dziennlk  Zirlazkowy^  Oct.  15,  1917# 
Lincoln  cut  off  the  hydra  head  of  secession  as  soon  as  It  showed  Itself # 


Our  Polish  hero  came  a  little  too  late  to  save  what  was  lost,  and  his  opi)onent8 
were  too  power ful*  He  fought  ably  for  Poland  as  long  as  he  could,  however,  and 
he  fought  also  for  the  freedom  of  America,  which  has  accepted  the  Immigrant 
Poles  80  hospitably.  When  Kosciusko  died,  far  from  his  homeland,  In  1817,  he 
left  a  Poland  that  was  torn  Into  three  parts  and  bound  In  slavery  and  oppression 
by  her  conquerors. 

When  Lincoln  died,  In  1865,  he  left  a  free,  powerful,  united,  and  wealthy  nation 
which  was  no  longer  threatened  by  any  dangers*  He  had  the  good  fortune  to  see 
the  good  results  of  his  efforts,  irtille  our  Polish  hero  saw  only  the  slavery  and 
oppression  of  his  people,  for  whom  he  wept  tears  of  blood. 

All  honor  to  the  memories  of  these  two  great  men,  so  like  each  other  In  character 
and  deeds. 


CJ^ 


Dziennlk  Zwrlazkowy.   Oct.  15,  1917. 


I  J  -  5  -  POLISH 

III  H 
I  G 
IV 

Itoday,  President  Wilson  and  many  other  able  statesmen  are  serving  their 
country  faithfully.  And  the  Poles  are  faithfully  serving  both  their  true 
homeland  and  this  adopted  one,  for  they  know  that  under  the  Stars  and  Stripes 
they  will  find  Justice,  aid,  and  moral  support,  and  under  the  flags  of  Poland 
and  the  United  States  we  shall  fight  the  common  enemy  of  democracy  and  humanity, 
Poland  will  now  soon  place  its  own  army  under  its  own  flag  in  the  field  as  one 
of  the  Allies,  united,  free,  and  independent,  which  is  what  President  Wilson 
and  all  lovers  of  freedom  and  justice  for  all  the  nations  of  the  world  desire. 

Stanislaus  Orpiszewski. 


I  J 

III  B  3  a 


POLISH 


Dzlennik  Zwlazkowy^  Jeb.   12,  1915* 


KOSCIUSKO—LINCOLN 


(Editorial) 


The  date  of  February  12  is  equally  dear  to  Americans  and  to  our  own  people 
who 9  cast  upon  these  shores  by  fate,  yearn  for  our  native  land*  It  is  the 
birthday  of  two  men  whose  fame  has  extended  throughout  the  wide  world,  awaken- 
ing admiration  and  respect,  binding  together  the  most  beautiful  recollections 
of  Poland  and  America  into  a  strong  tie  of  sympathy*  One  was  Thaddeus 
Kosciusko,  the  hero  of  two  hemispheres;  the  other  the  great  Abraham  Lincoln, 
the  emancipator  of  the  slares,  a  man  who  placed  America  upon  a  new  plane  of 
human  ideals* 


One  and  the  same  powerful  motive  ruled  the  spirits  of  these  two  great  men:  a 
boundless  love  of  freedom*  Lincoln  the  scion  of  Pennsylvania  Quakers,  an 
ordinary  farmhand  in  his  youth,  later  a  shopkeeper,  a  self-educated  man  who 
became  a  lawyer  and  then  President«-«-and  Kosciusko,  fostered  by  the  Jesuit  priests. 


I  J 

III  6  3  a 


-  2  - 


Dzlennik  Zwlazkowy^  Fab.  12,  1915» 


POLISH 


the  product  of  a  military  academy,  a  titled  nobleman-- these  two  men  ifho  grew 
up  in  environments  entirely  different  arrived  at  the  same  notion,  that  only 
a  free  and   enlightened  people  can  be  a  strong  foundation  for  a  nation* 

In  conformity  with  this  great  ideal,  the  lives  of  these  two  were  patterned* 
Kosciusko  led  the  Polish  people  to  battle,  confident  in  their  strength  and 
determination.  His  faith.  Increasing  in  the  hearts  of  the  people,  has  endured 
to  the  present  day.  His  boundless  love  of  freedom  was  not  restricted  to  his 
own  country.  When  Washington  fought  for  freedom,  oceans  and  lands  could  not 
hold  back  Kosciusko.  He  was  one  of  the  first  to  stand  at  Washington's  side, 
proving  by  his  action  not  for  the  first  time  in  our  history  that  a  Pole  is 
always  willing  to  fight  for  the  freedom  of  all  nations*  The  thought  of 
Kosciusko,  together  with  other  pleasant  memories  of  Merica,  shaded  somewhat 
by  the  banal  pursuit  of  business  and  gold,  is  now  being  revived  in  all  its 
strength  in  the  hearts  of  the  citizens  of  the  United  States,  under  the  influence 
of  the  horrible  struggle  now  raging  for  the  rights  and  the  freedom  of  nations. 


*T3 
3D 
O 


cr* 


I  J 

III  B  3  a 


-  3  - 


Dzlennlk  Zwlazkowy^  Feb.  12,  1915. 


POLISH 


It  should  seea  that  Kosciusko^  as  if  moYed  by  a  prophetic  spirit,  antici- 
pated Lincoln's  ideal*  Kosciusko  gave  freedom  to  those  negroes  who  belonged 
to  the  estates  granted  to  him  by  America  in  recognition  of  his  services 
rendered •  Forty  years  later  the  brotherly  spirit  of  Kosciusko  appeared  in 
the  person  of  Abraham  Lincoln,  standing  defense  of  the  sa^e  ideal #  He  was 
not  deterred  by  a  fratricidal  war«  His  purpose  was  to  check  the  brutal 
greediness  of  the  South  and  to  erase  from  the  face  of  America  the  shameful 
blemish  of  slavery* 

Today  every  child  in  Europe  knows  who  Abraham  Lincoln  was,  and  every  child  in 
the  United  States  honors  the  name  of  the  nation's  defender,  Thaddeus  Kosciusko* 

The  time  is  near  when  an  indissoluble  bond  of  mutual  sympathy  between  the  re*- 
Juvenated  American  people  and  a  free  national  Poland  will  be  formed,  based  upon 
the  two  fraternal  spirits  of  these  two  defenders  of  freedom*  There  can  be  no 
doubt  that  when  the  United  States  fought  for  freedom  the  Polish  people  were  in 
sympathy  with  the  American  cause,  giving  to  this  country  Kosciusko  and  Pulaski; 
and  so  now,  when  Polish  blood  is  being  shed  for  the  freedom  of  Poland,  the 


t; 


:x- 

o 


I  J 

III  B  3  a 


-  4  • 


Dzleimlk  Zwlazkowy^  Feb*  12^  1915* 


POLISH 


heart  and  the  sympathy  of  evexy  true  American  will  be  completely  with  us  and 
at  our  8ide»  Great  ideals  bring  nations  together*  Great  maxlmfl  iinite  them 
to  work  in  harmony  for  humanity* s  progress*  Great  men  are  the  heralds  who 
go  into  the  world  preaching  the  ideal  and  searching  for  brotherly  spirits* 
They 9  again^  are  followed  by  entire  nations,  who  gather  under  the  banner  of  the 
noble  brotherhood* 


31- 


C." 


Such  heralds  were  Thaddeus  Kosciusko  and  Abraham  Lincoln,  of  both  of  whom 

today  is  the  birthday*  These  two,  although  not  contemporaries,  were  beautifully 

alike  in  spirit* 


I  J 

III  B  3  a 
III  F 


»  < 

POLISH   V 


Dziennik  Zv;iazkov/y,   July  3,    1914. 

FOLT.TII  OF  JLTY,   GREATEST  ;j;ISRICAIT  HOLIDAY* 

(Editorial) 

Tomorrow  will  mark  the  138th  year  since  the  thirteen  .-jierican  colonies  re- 
nounced their  political  allegiance  to  Great  Britain  and  proclaimed  their  freedom 
and  independence  by  the  so  called  Declaration  of  Independence,  adopted  on  the 
fourth  day  of  July,  1776*  The  thirteen  Colonies  were  Hew  Hampshire,  Llassachusetts, 
Rhode  Island,  Connecticut,  i:ev7  York,  ITev:  Jersey,  Pennsylvania,  Delav-are, 
Maryland,  Virginia,  llorth  Carolina,  South  Carolina,  and  Georgia* 

The  v;ar  between  the  American  colonies  and  England  had  a  very  sympathetic  echo 
in  Europe;  niimerous  prominent  leaders  and  soldiers  hastened  across  the  ocean 
to  offer  their  v/eapons,  blood,  end  life  to  the  defense  of  the  new  country. 
Among  such  v;ere  Tadeusz  Kosciuszko  and  Kazimierz  Pulaski.  Pulaski  sacrificed 
his  life  at  Savanrah,  in  the  state  of  Georgia.  Kusciuszko  was  the  spirit  of 


«*"'"^"*«*>4«»V-«M»4t  **•«««  «-n.. 91 


-  2  - 


\^r/ 


Dziennik  ZwiazkQv;y,  July  3,  1914  • 


the  entire  colonial  v;ar,  giving  inestimable  services  to  the  new  nation  as 
engineer,  building  intrenchments  and  forts  v/hich  exist  until  to-day  (VTest 
Point),  and  vjhich  give  testimony  to  the  genius  of  our  national  hero  and 
his  commander-in-chief. 


Every  year  the  inhabitants  of  the  United  States  celebrate  the  Fourth  of 
July  as  the  day  of  independence  of  this  blooming  and  highly  developed 
country. 


I  J 


POLISH 


Dzlennik  Zwiazkowy,  Nov.  21,  1913* 


THEI^  AND  NOIV 


Fifty  years  have  elapsed  since  a  great  lover  of  liberty  and  equality,  Abraham 
Lincoln,  delivered  his  Gettysburg  address,  containing  those  famous  words  de- 
fining his  ideal  of  the  government:  •^The  government  of  the  people,  by  the 
people,  for  the  people,  shall  not  perish  from  the  earth."  He  added  sadly: 
''The  world  will  little  note,  nor  long  remember,  what  we  say  here." 

Had  this  great  emancipator  and  friend  of  the  people  an  anticipation  of  the 
present  condition?  Half  a  century  has  passed  and  conditions  have  changed. 
Instead  of  Washington  and  Lincoln  we  now  have  IvTorgans  and  Carnegies;  instead 
of  freedom-loving,  satisfied  people  we  have  dissatisfied,  depressed,  and  ex- 
ploited masses.  This  great  country  which  gave  us  Lincoln  has  now  become  an 
Eden  for  capitalist  exploiters  and  a  hell  for  the  common  people  vftiom   the  great 
Lincoln  loved  so  much. 


5 


CD 


en 


Today  we  cannot  quote  his  words  without  blushing  v/ith  shame,  because  they  sound 
like  a  painful  reproach  from  our  conscience.  Today  we  can  say  that  we  have  the 


f 


I  J 


.  2  - 


POLISH 


Dzlennlk  Zwlazkowy>  Nov.  21,  1913. 

government  of  the  money,  by  the  money,  for  the  money.  It  is  a  sad  and  un- 
deniable fact,  that  America  has  dropped  her  beautiful  mottos,  and  adopted  a 
base,  filthy  principle  of  lucre,  based  only  on  greed. 


\j 


o 


■^P^PWP^PII  )  iJUWWV^^fF^^l'^"',  WJ..-WF"  71'fw-  r-'j7 


I   J 

III  B  3  a 
III  F 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  July  3,  1911. 


THE  INDSPEITDENCE  DAY  CELEBRATION 


(Editorial.) 

Tomorrow  we  will  celebrate  the  135th  anniversary  of  this  Nation.   Independence 
is  a  sacred  word,  especially  to  us  Poles,  who  have  lost  our  autonomy.  We 
Poles  should  take  part  in  this  celebration  not  only  in  Chicago,  but  everywhere, 
to  show  our  appreciation  to  this  hospitable  land  which  conauered  its  oppressors. 
All  free  and  civilized  countries  could  really  celebrate  July  4th  as  a  holiday, 
because  creating  the  great  and  indeioendent  Republic  in  North  America  was  a 
great  forward  move  in  the  people's  battle  for  freedom. 

On  this  date,  135  years  ago,  a  new  member  of  the  Family  of  Nations  was  bom; 
although  still  in  its  infancy,  it  has  outgrown  the  others,  and  with  all  its 
resources  may  become  the  real  leader  of  the  big  family. 

The  Constitution  of  the  United  States  guarantees  every  race  and  nationality 
the  right  of  social  and  political  freedom.  All  nations  should  be  proud  of 
this  yoiingest  brother,  and  should  discard  their  ancient  forms  of  government 
and  adopt  the  princit)les  of  the  newest  offspring  in  our  circle,  the  great 
United  States. 


t  ■■  1 1  w^rma^mfmrnm^mii^mi^m 


■i«ii-«  iiiiim— — IM  im» 


1 


-2- 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  Jiily  3,  1911. 


We  Poles  shonld  be  especially  proud,  because  of  the  part  we  took  in  the 
fight  for  the  independence. 

Everybody  familiar  with  history  will  admit  that  without  the  aid  of  Prance, 
the  Revolutionary  War  would  have  been  a  failure.  Prance  decided  to  send  a 
strong  Pieet  and  Corps  of  good  soldiers  to  America,  after  the  English  Array 
under  the  command  of  Bourgoyne  was  smashed. 

It  was  Kosciuszko  who  defeated  the  British  Regiments  and  crowned  the  American 
R  evolutionary  War  with  success. 

We  Poles,  as  citizens  of  this  great  Domain  should  cherish  our  love  and  our 
highest  esteem  for  the  Land  of  our  Choice.   We  pledge  our  loyalty,  our 
unselfish  and  honest  services  for  its  defense  when  the  need  arises,  because 
the  United  States  guarantees  to  protect  our  rights  as  loyal  citizens  of  this 
great  Country. 


-f. 


I  J 


POLISH 


Dziennilr  Zwiazkovjy>   June  14,   1911. 


A  Nir.7  ALiii^TDMSnT  TO  TIii£  GCMSTITUTION  OF  TEjI  U1II1ED  STATES 

(Editorial) 

Of  all  the  constitutions  adopted  by  large  countries  the  Constitution  of 
the  United  States  of  North  America  is  the  only  one  that  has  existed  120 
years  without  undergoing  roajor  changes,  showing  thereby  the  greatness  of 
the  minds  of  the  men  v;ho  framed  it,  and  also  the  intelligence  of  the 
people  who  have  used  it  and  are  using  it  now»  During  that  period  of 
time,  France  had  fifteen  different  constitutions.  Practical  England 
did  not  wish  to  trouble  herself  with  framing  a  constitution  and  governs 
her  subjects  by  a  great  number  of  lav7S  riade  from  time  to  time.  The 
constitutions  of  Austria,  Italy,  and  Germany,  though  formed  in  modern 
times,  are  already  obsolete. 

The  Constitution  of  the  United  States  was  created  by  men,  and  for  this 
reason  it  is  not  v/ithout  weak  points^  These  points,  hov/ever,  are  of 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  ZwlazkouT*  June  14,  1911. 

such  character  that  the  nation  can  change  or  improve  them,  if  necessary, 
without  damaging  any  part  of  the  structure*  Fifteen  small  changes,  called 
amendments  and  repeals,  have  been  made  in  the  Constitution  during  its  v/hole 
existence*  At  present  the  nation  is  adopting  the  16th  and  a  very  important 
constitutional  amendment,  because,  if  it  is  passed,  the  United  States 
senators  will  be  elected  by  the  people  and  not  by  the  legislatures  of  the 
states* 

This  gradual  coalescence  is  a  great  step  tovjards  the  unification  of  all  states 
into  one  great  country*  In  the  beginning  there  were  only  a  few  independent 
colonies;  later  these  formed  a  loosely  connected  Union  of  thirteen  independent 
republics  with  a  weak  federal  government;  and  after  the  Civil  //ar  there  arose 
a  great  and  powerful  country,  the  United  States*  The  process  of  coalescence 
continues  uninterruptedly* 


Until  now  the  senators  have  been  elected  by  the  state  legislatures  and  the 
Senate  only  represented  the  independent  republics  constituting  the  Union* 


fIF 


-  3  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  June  14,  1911 • 


The  senators  acted  as  ambassadors  from  their  states  to  the  Congress  and  to 
the  President,  and  as  guardians  of  the  independence  and  laws  of  the  states* 
The  Senate,  however,  is  changing  from  an  ambassadorial  into  a  legislative 
body.  During  the  period  of  years  that  elapsed  between  Presidents  Jefferson 
and  Lincoln  the  most  important  debates  on  legislation  were  conducted  in  the 
Senate,  v;here  the  best  statesmen  of  the  nation  were  assembled.  During  that 
time,  and  especially  after  President  Jackson* s  term,  the  Senate  ruled  the 
courtry.  At  that  period  there  v:ere  no  great  presidents  or  prominent  men  in 
the  Lower  House  of  the  Congress;  instead  of  them,  Senators  Clay,  V/ebster, 
Calhoun,  Sumner  and  a  small  number  of  others  fought  in  the  Senate  and  ruled 
the  country.  This  change  in  the  character  of  the  Senate  has  justified  the 
necessity  of  changing  the  system  of  electing  the  senators.  i\jnbassadors  are 
appointed  by  the  heads  of  their  respective  governments  or  legislatures,  but 
the  legislators  should  be  elected  by  the  people  if  the  people  wish  to  have 
their  v;ill  expressed  through  them.  A  senator  elected  by  a  legislature  may 
try  to  express  the  v;ill  of  all  members  of  the  legislature,  but  basically  he 
cannot  express  the  will  of  the  people  who  have  not  empowered  him  to  do  so. 


-  4  - 


POLISH 


Dzlennlk  Zwiazkowy,  June  14,  1911 • 

The  Nation,  however,  had  such  a  great  respect  for  its  Constitution  that, 
though  noticing  the  change  in  the  character  of  the  Senate,  it  did  not 
express  a  desire  for  any  new  amendment.  Nevertheless,  the  nation  was 
compelled  to  this  action  by  internal  disintegration  in  the  body  of  the 
Senate  itself •  This  disintegration  in  the  Senate  had  progressed  to  such  a 
degree  that  it  began  to  irritate  even  the  most  common  and  unassuming  citizens. 

V/hat  has  caused  this  deterioration,  this  corruption?  This  corruption  v;as 
caused  by  a  delayed  reform.  It  could  be  said  that  the  original  Senate  had 
died  a  natural  death,  therefore,  a  reform  v/as  necessary  forty  years  ago, 
when  the  supposed  death  occurred.  The  Nation  did  not  recognize  the  necessity 
of  reform,  delayed  it  and  the  decomposition  of  the  dead  organism  began. 


This  decomposition  was  manifested  b^^  a  very  simple  symptom  -  the  bribery. 
Instead  of  poor  Clays  and  VVebsters,  there  appeared  in  the  Senate  common 
men,  but  rich,  who  either  personally  bought  their  seats  or  v/ere  financed  by 


-  5  - 


POLISH 


Dzieimik  Zwiazkovjyt  June  14,  1911  • 

selfish  individiials  or  groups •  Finally,  the  oenate  became  a  scene  of 
continuous  accusations,  investigations,  scandals  and  debates  on  the  question 
whether  a  certain  senator  is  guilty  of  some  crime  or  not«  The  nation  laughed 
at  first,  was  angry  and  malignant  later  on,  and  finally  it  became  frightened^ 
In  many  States  the  legislatures  have  passed  resolutions,  demanaing  reforms  of 
the  system  by  which  the  senators  are  elected;  in  other  words,  they  demand  a 
16th  constitutional  amendiaent*  This  reform  bill  is  on  the  way  to  become  a  law, 
for  it  was  accepted  in  principle  by  the  Lower  House,  and  by  the  Senate,  by  a 
vote  of  64  to  24,  though  the  formulation  of  the  bill  was  slightly  changed*  On 
account  of  the  sligiit  change  this  bill,  in  a  new  form,  must  return  to  the  Lower 
House  of  the  Congress,  and,  if  it  is  accepted  and  signed  by  the  President,  it 
must  be  passed  in  the  state  legislatures  by  three  quarters  (3/4)  of  the  votes. 


This  is  a  long  and  tedious  process,  and  there  v:ill  be  many  difficulties,  but 
the  beginning  has  already  been  made  and  the  public  is  of  the  opinion  that 
good  will  be  accomplished.  V^fhen  the  people  are  determined,  they  must  and 
will  accomplish  their  purpose. 


I  J 

III  p.  3  a 
III  F 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkov;y,  Llay  29,  1911 


d:kor;lTicn  d.iy 


(^editorial) 

Tomorrow,  ilay  the  c50th,  the  people  of  the  United  States  celebrate  a 
national  holiday  called  ->ecoration  Lay, 


;ar,  the  seni- 


This  holiday  v;as  founded  by  the  voterans  of  the  Civil 

centennial  jubilee  of  which  we  are  celebrating  this  year  throur^hout  the 

United  States,  Th-;  Civil  ..'ar  veterans  were  the  first  ones  to  set  apart 

one  day  of  each  year  for  visitini'?:  cemeteries  and  decorating  v/ith  flov/ers 

the  .graves  in  v:hich  rest  the  remains  of  thjir  fallen  cororades*  Later 

on  this  beautiful  custom  v/as  adonted  by  tho  whole  nation  and  proclaimed 

a  national  holiday.  IIov;  millions  of  people  visit  cemeteries  on  that  day 

every  year  and  spend  some  time  in  spiritual  communion  with  thoir  relatives 

and  friends,  v;ho  departed  earlior  than  they  from  this  vale  of  tears,  troubles^ 

and  misfortunes. 


^.|.  .fB-.,r-5»'^^T 


I  J 
III 
III 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


B  3  a 
F 


Dzlennik  Zwiazkowy>  !!ay  29,  1911. 


However,  the  basic  purpose  of  this  holiday,  a  day  devoted  to  the  memory  of 
the  veterans  and  heroes  of  the  great  war,  has  remained  unchanged.  In  the 
cities  there  are  parades  on  that  day  in  which  the  still  remaining  heroes 
and  the  government  and  military  authorities  participate.  The  people  take 
active  part  in  these  parades,  for  today  the  nation  values  more  than  ever 
the  great  deeds  of  her  sons,  who  half  a  century  ago  answered  the  call  of  a 
great  pre5?ident  and  saved  the  country  with  their  blood. 

The  Poles  living  in  i\merica  also  unite  with  the  whole  nation  on  this  day  to 
pay  homage  and  honor  to  our  heroes  who  sacrificed  all  for  the  good  cause. 
There  were  not  very  many  Poles  at  that  time  in  America,  but  those  v/ho 
happened  to  be  here  contributed  also  their  share  of  blood  and  hardship, 
to  prove  to  the  v;orld  Lincoln's  saying,  ''that  a  country  fo\inded  on 
democratic  principles  is  a  reality  and  not  a  Utopian  dream". 


!^^9P" 


I  J 


.-) 


Ill  B  3  a 
III  ? 


Dziennik  Zvfiazlcovr;^ , 


.  J   ,         L  J  ^.  .1.  « 


:r.ieriC3iis  rer-ieM'ber  -.'ery  -.;ail  the 
they  :7ould  find  many  aore  Polisri 
for  them. 


ia:ie  of  "' 


General  rlrz3''Z3.nov/3"':i   and 
aiaes  if  t\iey  v;ould  care  to   search 


The  A.>3riC£ai  Poles  loiov/  very  \/ell  vhiy  tlie  Civil  Uar  was  fou.^ht   -lalf 
a  centu:-^  -  a^o.      It   vTas  not   f ou 'ht   only  for  the  -^urp.^Ge  of  'iberatin^^ 
the  Negroes,    since  t'lis   issue   cane  up  in  the  third  year  of  the  Civil 
•Jar,   hut  fo-;*  the   our  )Ose  of  prcGervin*  the  Unio.a    .)f  this  yreat 
pLeo-hlic,   which  v;rs   founded  "by  /.ealtliy  and  'dso     :en  after  bein  - 
snatched   nvray  fron  t'le   ;a;;s  of  .lurooean  di.'rootisi.i  at  the    ^rice  of 
nany  lives.     This  /^ro-^t  Republic  rer.ains  vjIioIj   ^-nd    ;:reQt,   not   divi'''ed 
in  tv;o  parts   or  into  :::an;'   snail   cou^itri^?,     P:l3S  re^^enb  .r  th'.t   our 
.greatest      ind  and    ^'Ur-^.t   spirit,  T^v.  Ideus  ilosciusz'o,   had  also  ac- 
Icnov/led'^ed  this   .-^•^^eat  Republic  as    —^od  and  absolutely  nece^sar^r  for 
the  benefit   of  huiianity,    and  he   couf '.r  vivd   it  by  ;oinlng  G-eor-e 
'Vas"  in -'ton's   Ar  :y,      "l^he  Poles   also  Icnov:  thst  this  "'oseltable  land  vras 


I  J 

III  3  3  a 
III  F 


^  ^  ^ 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  May  29,  1911 


POLISH 


made  fruitful  by  the  blood  of  another  great  Pole,  Casirair  Pulaski, 
The  Poles  living  in  this  country  are  av/are  of  the  importance  and 
necessity  to  humanity  of  a  powerful  and  undivided  United  States. 

The  Poles  desire,  probablj'-  more  than  any  other  nation,  that  the 
good  example  of  the  harmonious  life  of  almost  fifty  autonomous 
states,  of  which  a  few  are  larger  than  some  European  monarchies, 
should  be  imparted  to  the  rest  of  himianity.  The  Poles  heartily  de- 
sire that  all  European  countries  would  also  organize  into  united 
states,  and  they  believe  that  this  will  happen  when  despotic 
governments  are  overthrown  and  the  injustices  committed  against  the 
small  nations  are  comiDensated. 


The  United  States  loles  respect  dseply  the  memory  of  that  great 
American,  Abraham  Lincoln,  who  at  the  time  of  national  crisis  sup- 
ported with  his  shoulders  the  falling  structure  of  the  Republic  and 


I  J 

III  3  5  a 
III  F 


-  5  - 


Dziennik  Zxviazkowy,   !!ay  29,    1911. 


POLLSII 


called  his  people  to  defend  that  which  was  created  b^'  two  former  generations. 

On  Decoration  Day,  the  Foles  in  the  United  States  also  respect  the  memory 
of  the  millions  of  unknown  r)atriots  who,  at  the  call  of  their  leader,  left 
their  homes  and  fields  to  defend  their  country.  They  were  strangers  to  us 
by  blood,  customs,  and  language,  but  related  by  spirit. 


i 
i?: 
U 
\> 

l3 


ICa^Bf  !.-«.•■ 


I       II 


FCLISII 


Dziennik  Zwiazkovry,   Sept.   2,    1910. 


PRSSIDIST  TinilCDCKE  RCOSjIVIIILT  A  CKELVr  IZAD'^R 


(Editorial) 


Colonel  Theodore  Roosevelt,  fomer  President  of  the  United  States,  v/as  an 
ardent  supporter  of  radical  refoms  and  novenents,  intended  for  the  improve- 
inent  of  conditions  in  all  spheres  of  political  and  national  life  in  this 
country.  Himself  a  social  v/orker,  a  statesinan  and  a  keen  obseDTver,  he  knew 
best  the  needs  of  his  country.  Hif^hly  educated,  and  righteous  in  home  and 
social  life,  Theodore  Roosevelt  never  stained  his  reputation  with  deeds 
that  v;ould  bring  disgrace  to  his  nation  either  here  or  abroad.  He  is 
familiar  v;ith  the  intricacies  of  political  niachinerj'',  because,  in  his  posi- 
tion as  Vice  President,  and  latter,  upon  the  death  of  Pros.  !'cKinley,  when  he 
became  President  of  this  country  he  had  an  excellent  opportunity  to  observe 
and  study  the  national  needs,  which  can  be  adjusted  by  timely  and  necessary, 
changes  in  procedure,  and  b^  reforras  v/hich  are  fair  to  each  and  every  citi-^y^ 
zen  of  this  free  republic.  A  mind  so  alert  and  active  as  Roosevelt* s,  make^.^. 
it  a  point  to  scrutinize  even  the  minute  social  and  political  questions  so 
thoroughly  that  he  is  able  to  arrive  at  an  opinion  and  render  quick  decisions 
in  even  the  most  perplexed  matters. 


/.; 


I  -^• 


'M  V 


.,*._.  .X — * 


I  J 

I  D  1  a 
I  11 


2 


PCLisi: 


Dziennik  Zwiazko^rj^   3evt. 


1  -'■ 


ic.. 


It  is  a  v:ell-lcnov.Ti  fact  th':.t  P.oocevelt,  :.hiie  President,  v/as  always  fi^ht- 
iiLG  congress  and  the  senate,  not  because  of  any  ::»ersonal,  ca^jricious  irapulse 
or  bec-^.use  of  an  innate  luarrelsome  inclination,  but  sinply  because  he  deemed 
it  necessary,  as  a  ir^atter  of  civic  duty,  to  contest  '^rith  representatives  all 
liiatters  pertinent  to  the  fundanentals  of  this  nation^  j^s   an  alert  (^d  keen 
statesman  he  v/as  fully  av:are  that  existing  conditions  are  not  in  the  desired 
shape  or  order  in  this  land  of  freedom  -  na   constitutional  rights.  He  also 
knei:  that  the  spirit  of  the  great  ..ashington,  Jefferson  and  Lincoln  is  van- 
ishing in  the  oblivion  of*  the  past,  .md  is  being  replaced  by  the  evil  spirit 
of  lawlessness,  avarice,  nd  injustice.  As  an  eminent  statesman  and  a  good 
citizen  he  fully  realized  that  such  a  state  of  affairs  v:ill  bring  this  coun- 
try to  the  level  of  a  moral  abyss.  Therefore  he  demanded  that  Congress  and 
the  Senate  vote  on  far  reaching  reforms,  thus  assuring  better,  national 
developraent,  security  and  justice  to  all  residents  of  the  country. 


He  fought  organized  trusts,  labeling  them  as  the  greatest  evil  afflicting 
this  country;  and  it  i-.-as  here  ta  t  he  met  v:ith  the  consolidated  and  po\/erful 
opposition,  surpassing  his  great  energy  and  absolutism.  Altho\igh  these  trusts, 
championed  in  the  Senate  r.nd  in  the  Congress  by  members  of  both,  prove  more 


::ri; 


aAi^^^^^afll 


I  J 

I  D  1  a 

I  K 


*^' 


rOLISH 


Dzieiinik  ^v;iazl:o\:y,  Sept.  2,  191C. 


pov/erful  than  the  President,  the  Constitution,  .  iiC   the  courts  of  the  land, 
Theodore  Pwoosevelt  persistently  fcucht  then  as  the  greatest  national  evil 
of  all  tiiiie. 


\  -2.  ;'■  r.A. 


\  V' 


■■.'-)\ 


POLISH 


I  J 

I  E 
I  H 


Dziennik  Zwiazko^vy,  J.!arch  11,  1908, 


FREEDOM  Oi-'  SPEECH 


(Editorial.) 


V.-PMlLUP^^Oi.  30275 


Becauf5e  of  the  murderous  attack  "by  an  anarchi?;t  uron  the  life  of  the  Chicago 
chief  of  police,  much  has  been  said  and  written  in  the  last  few  days  about 
the  freedom  of  speech.   Special  attention  was  dra^vn  to  Enna  Goldman,  well 
known  Anarchist  agitator,  who  had  an  urfrent  desire  to  sreak  ]C«BLblicly  in 
Chicago.  This  privilege,  however  was  denied  becai^se  of  the  Toublic  demand 
that  police  stoD  all  public  sneaking  on  street  corners.  On  the  other  hand, 
the  people  protested  against  nolicenen  depriving  them  of  their  constitutional 
rights,  and  threats  were  made  that  t^ey  would  acoiiaint  themselves  with  police- 
m.en's  clubs  if  necessary,  to  r^rotect  that  right. 

Freedom  of  speech  is  a  precious  acquisition,  won  after  centuries  of  hard 
struggle  and  ^lany  sacrifices,  and  should,  therefore,  be  jealously  guarded  and 
protected  against  even  a  fractional  curtailments . 

It  is  indeed  unjuct  to  lay  crime  to  an  innocent  cause.  Many  outrages  have  been 
conritted  in  the  name  of  liberty,  but  its  nrinciples  are  undefiled.   The  same 
is  true  of  religion,  yet  it  remains  beautiful  as  always. 

We  should,  therefore,  maintain  the  "ororer  attitude  toward  freedom  of  speech 


I  J 


I 
I 


E 
H 


-  2  - 


Dziermlk  Zwiazkoivy,  Mar.   11,   1908. 


POLISH 


^•■;m,; 


■■  ••»  <  •J' 


and  realize  that  it  is  not  necessary  to  abolish  or  restrict  its  purpose 
because  of  the  ten   individuals  who  are  opposed  to  it. 

In  our  opinion,  public  speaking  and  Gatherings  on  street  comers,  in  halls 
and  otiier  iJlaces  shoiild  not  be  barred  merely  because  some  one  may  say  some- 
tins  that  does  not  neet  i7ith  our  individxial  approval •  Such  limitations  of 
our  expression  would  be  unconstitutional.  Instead,  v;e  shoxild  see  that  no 
abuses  €ire  committed  against  this  freedom  of  speech,  and  that  it  is  not  used 
in  defense  of  murder  or  treason. 

Every  civilized  country  has  a  law  v/hich  points  out  v;ords  that  are  prohibited* 
It  is  also  unla\7f\il  to  persuade  the  listeners  to  commit  a  crime.  If  thei^  is 
no  such  lav/,  one  should  be  enacted  and  it  should  point  out  very  clearly  just 
what  constitutes  forbidden  speech,  then  proper  steps  could  be  taken  to  prevent 
it.  Because  of  the  absence  of  such  a  law,  freedom  of  speech  is  encouraged. 

Let  us  use  common  sense  in  all  actions  and  remain  v;ithin  the  boundaries  of 
the  law.  V/e  should,  therefore,  not  limit  the  rights  of  citizens  just  because 
v/e  think  that  some  one  might  abuse  us. 


I  J 


PCLISx^ 


Dziexinik  Ludovjy,   Jan.    9,   1908. 


i:m^   IN  CHICa.GO 


*.•  -  .^  ■ . 


7R 


Tivice  defeated  as  a  candidate  for  President  of  the  United  otates,  Deiaocratic 
leader  vii^liani  Jennings  i^ryan,  arrived  here  in  Chicago,  invited  to  a  banquet 
at  the  Jefferson  club. 


All  contenders  aruongst  tneiPtSelves,  the  Der.ocratic  groups,  v;ere  present  at 
this  banquet,  their  speal.ers  expressing  their  views,  their  criticism  of  the 
present  Republican  administration. 

Senator  Kern  of  Indiana  attacked  it  in  his  speech  about  the  ^.^epublican 
government  building  a  Ileet, 

The  Democrats  who  gathered  a:jplauded  the  speakers*  attacks  upon  the 
Republican  government,  which  led  us  into  the  present  panic.   (Though  it 
seems  they  forget  about  their  Democratic  panic  in  the  year  of  1893) •  The 
Democrats  trxed  to  provide  a  modest  appe^irance  for  their  banquet.  They 
know  very  well  that  while  hundreds  of  thousands  of  unemployed  citizens 


<^ 


I  J 


-2- 


PCLI3K 


Dziennik  Ludowy,  Jan,  9,  1908 


^.?f\   /': .  ^  H^ 


are  hungry  and  cold  on  our  city  streets,  they  shouldn't  have  upon  their 
tables  champagne  or  wine  and  beer.  However,  modest  appearances  weren't 
present,  because  champagne  stood  before  the  wealthy,  and  beer  by  those 
of  lov;er  financial  standing. 

'ihe  su^jper  alone  cost  t^^   per  plate,  v;hi'Ch  was  composed  of  fried  fowl, 
imported  cheese,  etc. 

V;ard  po.-iticians  displayed  lustrous  diamonds  in  their  shirts  and  upon 
their  fin^^ers. 

Turning  our  attention  bac:  to  Bryan  who  last  twice  in  his  campaigns  for 
the  presidency  and  now  hasn't  any  intentiun  whatsoevei  to  try  again,  'on- 
less  the  Democratic  party  nominates  him.  He  says  at  the  present  time 
that  he  isn't  so  anxious  about  the  electoral  results  because  he  says  he'd 
rather  be  defeated  fi^^ting  for  what's  right  than  to  be  victor  on  the 
wrong  side. 

He  states  further  that  the  strengch  lies  in  the  nation,  the  public  is  the 


I  J 


-3- 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Ludowy,  Jan.  9,  1908 


irfc,  .' 


/'  •• 


;  '■> 


ruler  of  our  country,  also  in  the  majority  of  the  Democratic  party  there 
also  is  ''strength  vjith  which  they  may  guide  lae." 


(We  voice  our  opposition  to  this  active  deceiver,  because  "the  grov^ing  of 
our  entire  nation  is  not  due  to  the  majorit-*  of  the  nation,"  but  to  the 
few  possessors  of  trusts,  who  governed  UcKinley  and  who  likevjise  rule  with 
Roosevelt  to  their  own  satisfaction). 


POLISH 


/A 

:a 

/  c.> 

s 

ite'*<r: 

^ 

* 

^ 


Dziennik  Chicag:osVi^  Vol.  r/i:i,  ::o.  19,  Jan.  25,  1907 

atteI':ti:n 


Poland   has  ^iven  much  tc  American  life.   But    she  has   contributed   to  Tn£in- 
kind   as   a  v/holc  as  well.   For   this   latter   contrituticn  the   ^vrlole  wo^ld 
is  her   debtor.  7«Tio  C9,n  'lear   or   read   the  naiLes  of  Polish  heroes,    states- 
men,   scientists,  musicians,  writers;    the   nsnes  of  Sobieski,    Copernicus, 
Sklodowska,    Curie,   Pad^i-rev/ski,   Sienk'/^wicz,    Conrad,  ^^Ithout  v.'-ondering 
wliat   our  life  vfculd  be  without   r.hese    illustriouo   benefactors   cf  man- 
kind? 

But  no  Polo  is    so    vsecure    of  a  predoriinan'^^   a  living  pla'^^-*.    ^n  Airier  icon 
hi?to^:%   fiF  Kosciusz^o.   ho  An^^ri-^^-^n   cen  he?^r  the  n<=».^^   '^'^  ^^ 
vdthout  re;ae.".ibtrin'    v 
to  his   co-ontry. 


s«l     I. 


-:r.  ,  -» 


rlr    service 


His  na-ae  has  been  vrritten  in  marble  and  bronze  fhroughout  oiu"  country; 
his  deds  of  valor  in  fij^htin;-':  for  a  cause  'vh-c'i  he  v/as  gre^.t  enough  to 
take  as   his    ov/n,   are  written  deep   in  the  annals   of  our  history;   but   the 


w^a^a 


pp.T    ^C-T 


r;  / 


Dziennik  Chic-^oski,    Vol.   X\^III,    No.   19,    ':^^n.    23,   1907. 


true   charac ber   of  the  irian  v/lio  a   cent^iry  arc  fought  for  the  ideals 
which  have   inspired  and  v/ill   evei"   inspire  trie  prcfr<--^  •   'r*^  Poland   and 
the  United  States,    is   enshrined   in  the  hec.rts    of  all   of  us,   and    it 
is  froiii  our  hearts  that   tlie   call   goes   TortV:   in  sol  utation  iron  our 
people,   to  the  people  of  Poland:    IxOsoIuszto  lives  I 


■  '  V. 


I  J 

III  Bl 
II  C 


POLISH 


Narod  Polekl.  Vol.  VI,  No,  39,  Sept.  24,  1902. 


AMERICANS  ABOUT  PULASKI 

In  the  newly  receiyed  report  from  the  convention  of  the  American  or- 
ganization General  Society*  Sons  of  the  Revolutionf  which  was  recently 
held  in  Washingtonf  we  find  on  pages  38,  39  and  40  a  matter  pertaining 
to  the  monument  of  Pulaski* 


^ 


^  m.k 


6\ 

o 


o, ....  -a  °/ 


Barry  Buckley,  delegate  from  the  District  of  Columbia,  turned  the  atten- 
tion of  other  delegates  to  bill  No^  16,  which  had  been  placed  before 
the  House  of  Representatives*  The  bill  asks  for  the  erection  of  a  mo- 
nument for  Pulaski*  Ur«  Buckley  spoke  as  f^^llowss 

V 

'It  is  not  necessary  to  bring  before  you  the  merits  of  this  distinguished 
patriot*  I  wish  to  call  your  attention  to  only  one  of  a  few  points*  Pu- 
laski arrived  in  Philadelphia  in  the  summer  of  1777«  He  entered  the 
service  as  a  volunteer,  he  served  in  turn  under  General  Washington, 
General  Greene,  General  Wayne,  General  Sullivan,  General  La  Fayette, 
Lincoln  and  others*  At  the  battle  of  Brandywine,  where  the  first  shots 


X 


■  V  ,•    ■*  ■  ^'- 


/ 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


Narod  Pol ski,  Vol^  VI.  No.  39.  Sept.  24,  1902. 


were  fired  for  American  Independence,  his  foresight,  perseverance,  and 
bravery  were  so  marked  that  Washington  made  him  chief  of  staff  and 
requested  Congress  to  give  Pulaski  the  rank  of  Brigadier  General. 
General  Washington  stated s  "This  gentleman,  the  same  as  ourselves,  took 
part  In  preserving  the  liberty  and  independence  of  our  country  and 
secriflced  his  fortune  for  our  cause*  For  this  we  owe  him  our  recog- 
nition, which  should  be  to  his  benefit,  so  far  as  the  good  of  the 
service  permits •■ 


It  is  interesting  to  know  that  Pulaski  was  the  father  of  Americein 
cavalry  and  was  justly  called  "the  eye  of  the  anay."  As  none  of  the 
officers  carried  a  title  ranking  higher  than  that  of  colonel,  Pulaski  was 
the  first  general  of  cavalry  appointed  in  the  American  Army. 

"Now,  Mr.  Cbalrmeoi,  Prance  has  been  exceptionally  honored  by  the  beau- 
tiful monument  of  La  Fayette,  which  stands  on  the  corner  of  La  Fayette 
Square  in  Washington.  France  was  further  distinguished  by  the  monument 
of  Rochambeau*  To  the  society  District  of  Columbia  came  the  thought  that 


-  ^ 


9 


•  3  - 


POLISH 


Narod  Pol skit  Vol*  VI,  No#  39,  Sept.  24,  1902. 

there  could  not  be  carried  through  a  more  suitable  deed  and  there  cannot 
be  marked  out  a  more  desirable  quota  from  Congress  than  that  which  would 
erect  at  the  other  end  of  the  square  one  monument  to  Eosduszko  and  the 
other  to  Pulaski*  I  recommend,  therefore,  that  our  society,  through  its 
own  officers,  demand  of  the  conforming  committee  in  Congress  this  bill 
be  accepted,  which  will  state  the  necessary  quota  for  this  monument*" 


^ 


Following  delegate  Buckley,  Abraham  Charles  Kaufman,  delegate  from  South 
Carolina  said:  "As  a  citizen  from  S»uth  Carolina,  but  above  all  as  an 
American,  I  am  proud  that  I  have  the  occasion  to  present  to  this  great 
convention  a  motion  that  it  unanimously  confirm  this  resolution*" 


Such  is  the  essence  of  a  page  from  the  convention  of  an  American  society 
about  our  Pulaski* 


I  J 

III  3  3  a 


POLISH 


Dziennil:  Chicago  ski,  FeL.  21,  1891. 


oscRG::  -...^niXrTGi: 


(Editorial) 


The  day  after  toi.iorrov;  v;ill  be  a  c^g^"^  holiday  in  ^mierica.  On  that  day  the 
people  of  tlie  United  otates  v/ill  celebrate  the  birthday  of  George  '..ashincton, 
the  Father  of  our  Counti^/.  Since  our  paper  v/ill  be  published  on  that  day,  as 
usual,  in  the  aftei^noon,  and  since  v;e  v/ish  to  ciyq  our  readers  an  opportunity 
to  recall  the  lieroic  deeds  of  this  c^eat  ran,  \:e  are  publishing::,  his  biocraphy 
in  today* s  issue.  Because  our  space  is  liiiited,  \;e  v;ill  present  only  the 
iiDst  inportant  facts  concerninc  this  ^reat  .Jierican. 

Georce  V/ashin -ton,  the  ^:re::test  of  the  v;orld's  creat  nen,  and  first  President 
of  the  United  States,  i;as  born  in  .estnoreland  County,  Virginia,  on  February 

This  year  ue  celebrate  George  ..asbin^ton'c  birthday  on  February  23 


1732 


because  February'-  22  falls  on  :^unday.     If  this  celebration  v/ere  to  take  place 
on  Sunday,   there  uould  be  no  special  holi<Iay  devoted  to  Oeorce  V.ashincton  for 


CD 

en 


I  J 

III  B  3  a 


O 


Dzieniiik  ChicMjosIri,   1^'eb.    21,   1091. 


school  children,   covernncnt  enployees,   etc. 


Georc^  '.ashinjtcii*s  father,  Au^st  "..ashin^jbon,  v/liose  ancestors  came  from 
I^ncland  in  the  year  of  1G57,   v;as  a  rich  plantation  ov;ner.     He  died  early 
and  his  widow,  the  faiPiOus  IJar^'*  .;ashin:;;ton  V/hose  maiden  name  was  liry  Ball, 
took  upon  herself  the  responsibility  of  raising  the  larce  family,   civinc 
George  an  adrdrable  training*     Younc  George  attended  scrjDol  at  '^.'illiamsburg 
until  he  v;as  fifteen  years  old;   then  he  returned  home,  where  he  practiced 
surveying:. 

Georco  i.'ashint'ton  entered  the  militar:,^  service  as  major  v/hen  the  militia  v/as 
called  out  to  suppress  ?rench  and  Indian  attacks  in  Virginia.     He  advanced 
very  rapidly,  became  a  colonel,  and  in  a  short  time  distinguished  himself  in 
Ohio,     ^xs  the  soldiers  of  the  railitia  were  not  very  highly  esteemed  by  the 
English  government,   George  ..'ashington  returned  to  private  life  in  1754  and 
settled  on  the  estate  of  liis  brother  in  Lbunt  Yemen,  Virginia.     Next  year, 
hov/ever,  George  .Washington  joined  Genei*al  Braddock's  expedition  against  the 


5> 


JK3 


I  J 

III  B  3  a 


--  Z  -- 


Dziennik  Chicacoski>  Feb.  21,  1891 


FOLISTI 


1775 


French  in  Canada.  Braddock  imde  him  his  adjutant,  and  next  year,  in 
l^i£f  lie  v^as  made  coimiander  of  all  the  inilitia  in  Vircinia.  ^..Tien  the  v;ar 
ended  in  that  part  of  the  country  in  1763  /s'icT*,  he  returned  to  Ilount  Vernon 
acain,  as  a  private  citizen,  where,  in  1759  ^ic^,  he  married  Ilartha  Custis, 
a  younc  v;idov;« 

In  the  meantime  dissatisfaction  arose  amonc  the  colonists  on  account  of  the 
abuses  perpetrated  by  the  -English  covernnent  aG^inst  them.  The  outrages,  the 
creat  injustice,  the  unreasonable  taxation,  and  other  innumerable  oppressive 
measures  coLuaitted  by  the  Unclish  co^^^^i^^Gnt ,  v/liich  for  lack  of  space  v;e  can- 
not describe  here,  created  a  strong  opposition  of  the  colonists.  This  oppo- 
sition began  to  grov;  because,  despite  the  English  government's  revocation  of 
its  unjust  decrees  several  times,  the  outr:  g^s  continued  and  grev;  worse  and 
\*;orse,  until  the  patience  of  the  colonists  v/as  e:diausted.  The  result  v^s  open 
opposition  and,  finally,  revolution  a;:ainst  England.  Tliirteen  colonies  united 
for  the  purpose  of  overthrowing  the  English  yoke. 


5> 


o 


I  J 

III  B  3  a 


-  4  - 


PCLI3E 


Dziennik  Chica<:^03ki,  ?eV.  21,  1891. 


On  Oeptember  14,  1744,  the  fellovz-citizens  of  C^eorce  -ashinston  elected  bin 
as  their  representative  to  the  Congress  of  the  United  Colonies  which  v/as  beinc 
held  in  Philadelphia.  Here  he  was  put  in  char(;S6  of  all  defenvse  units,  and  on 
June  15,  1765,  when  riore  energetic  measures  v/ere  necessary,  he  v^is  made 
coim.iander- in- chief  of  the  iJorth  .American  Ariiiy. 

George  Uashincton's  army  vns  composed  of  militia  units  and  all  kinds  of  re- 
cruits— untrained,  unorganized,  and  unequipped  v/ith  the  proper  weapons  or  am- 
munition. For  this  reason  he  could  not  undertalce  offensive  operations.  This 
unfavorable  condition  v/as  caused  by  the  faulty  laws  of  the  colonies  and  the 
lack  of  co-operation  of  a  loose  Union. 


•-r? 


George  V.'ashington  had  a  great  task  before  him.     Ke  organized  his  ani^y,   estab- 
lished the  necessary  discipline,   constructed  coast  defenses,   and  equipped 
flotillas.     During  this  time  he  v;as  not  disturbed  by  the  impatience  of  the 
people  vjho  urged  him  to  take  active  measures.     lie  remained  calm  and  vjaited 
until  he  was  T;ell-prepared. 


I  J 

III 


-  5  - 


POLISH 


3  a 


Dzlennlk  ChlcaGoski,  Feb.  21,  1891 • 


Ilis  first  success  vjas  in  forcing  General  Hov/e  to  leave  Boston  on  Ilarch  17, 
1776.  Then  on  the  4th  of  July  of  the  smae  year,  the  United  States  declared 
their  independence  and  renounced  their  allegiance  to  England.  England  re- 
inforced her  army  v/ith  35,000  and  took  Hew  York.  l/ashin,gton  moved  his  arriy 
fron  one  place  to  another  and  after  several  unsuccesoful  battles,  finally 
retreated  north  into  the  mountains.  His  arny  was  decimated  by  Imnger,  cold, 
and  disease.  Llany  soldiers  becarae  discouraged  on  account  of  the  hardships 
and  deserted,  ."jiy  other  man  placed  in  .Washington's  position  and  confronted 
with  such  great  difficulties  and  hardships  would  liave  lost  courage  and  hope. 
But  he  did  not  fall  into  despair.  Mth  great  difficulties  he  gathered  the 
rerainder  of  his  an.iy,  nuiabering  two  thousand  faithful  soldiers  and  retreated 
as  far  as  the  Delav/are  River.  :3ut  fortunately,  not  everyone  lost  liope. 
Vashington  persuaded  Congress  to  increase  the  strength  of  the  arriiy  to  one 
hundred  battalions  and  to  prolong  lailitar^''  service  for  the  duration  of  v;ar. 
He  vr.s  also  given  alnost  dictatorial  poi;or  over  the  army  for  six  nonths.  Then 
on  December  C6,  '..ashington  crossed  the  Delav/are  River,  attacked  the  .English, 
and  on  the  third  day  of  January,  1777,  defeated  then  at  Princetov.Ti.  However, 


5> 


.30 
CJ1 


I  J 

III  B  3  a 


-   G   - 


rcLisn 


Dzie'iinil:  Ghicc.co^ki 


Feb. 


a,  1G91 


he  yiGldod  to  superior  fore 03  on  the  eleventh  of  Coptenber  at  !3rand3r\7ine 
River,  and  on  the  third  of  Cctobor,  at  GGriiiantovrii,  he  retreated  to  Valley  ^^ 
For':e,  This  defeat  did  not  dor.rive  hiM  of  his  courage  or  hope.  ITe  held  f" 
out  his  post  until  the  French  .-.lliance  poriaittod  hiii  to  resurae  his  offensive  3 
operations.  0..  June  HO,  1778,  he  defeated  t]ie  Ilnrlish  at  Clinton,  near  2. 
i:on'iO-ith,  and  later,  on  the  ei:;liteenth  of  Cctober,  reinforced  by  G,000  Frenclto 
soldiers,  he  forced  an  Jnrlish  arr.i;^''  of  7,000  commndod  by  CornT:allis  to      ^ 

sijnin^  of  a  peace  treaty  v;ith  Orer.t  "^ 


surrender  at  YorktovTi.  This  led  to 
Britain  in  1783. 


Kj.Xi 


■Vhen  the  Bn^lish  left  IIe\;  Yor^:  on  !Tove:iber  25,   1783,    :;ashincton  disbanded  his 
ari.iy,   rosi^jned  !iis  co]uii':sion  to  Con£:re3s,   and  returned  to  Ifcunt  Vernon  as  a 
coLir.ion  plantation  ov.iior.     !Ie  declined  t(3  accept  any  rer.^rd  for  his  services 
froi.i  the  Federal  joverniient.     To\.'ever,   be   did  accept  a  G^^-^^'t  of  land  presented 
to  hin  by  the  Jtate  of  Vir/jinia  on  the  condition  the  t   he  \70uld  be  ^iven  the 
ri-:ht  to  use  it  for  public  school  pur^^oees. 


I  J 

III   B  3  a 


—      "^      — 


D::iQnnik  "liic-.corki,  Tel).    21,   1891. 


In  :.:ay,  1737,  :ie  vras  sent  bj^  the  ^-tiite  of  Yircinia  to  the  Gonctitutioiir-.l  Con- 
vention in  Philadelphia,  \j]iere  he  v;as  chosen  as  the  presidinc  officur  of  all 
sessions.  Tlie  result  of  this  convention  vjas  the  frar.iinc  of  the  Constitution 
of  the  United  states  on  the   seventeenth  of  oepteiiher,   1787. 

In  iipril,   17?9,    .-asliincton  v.'as  elected  first  Iresident  of  the  United  iitates. 


i^O 


CT1 


s  President,  he  established  peace  and  order,  roGmlated  national  debts,  con- 
structed national  defenses,  built  schools,  anl  laid  the  foundation  for  construct" 
inr  roads  and  ci^mals.  He  preserved  strict  neutrality,  cxnd  because  of  this  he 
T;as  successful  in  entering  into  trade  ai:reenents  ^.;itli  ICncland.  In  1792  he  -./as 
re-elected  President  of  the  United  states.  By   a  proclai:iation  of  neutrality, 
';»ashin^^ton  preserved  the  peace  of  the  United  States  in  the  r.'ar  bot'.'een  France 
and  j^ncland  and  effected  a  profitable  trade  acreei.ient  v/ith  the  latter.  He 
expelled  seditious  French  agitators,  for  '.vhich  he  v;as  severely  criticized. 
He  declined  a  third  term,  thereby  establishing  a  precedent  v;hich  has  been 
respected  until  the  present  day. 


I  J 

III  3  5  a 


-  8  - 


lOLlJII 


Dziennik  Chic-  cQs!:i,  Fob.    :31,    1891 


In  1797  v:hen  a  throat  of  v;ar  v/itl:  jr'rance   Iiovired  over  the  country/,    ..aGhinrton 
vjtis  appointed  Lieutenant-G-eneral  and,   in  spite  of  his  old  aco,   he  undertook 
the  task  of  reorc^nizinr  the  arnj%     Then  France  sent  a  comnission  and  riade  a 
treaty  in  1800. 


V.ashinjton  died  on  December  14,  1799,   leavinc  no  heirs 
which  he  freed  his  slaves. 


He  made  a  i:ill  by 


'..ho  does  not  knov;  hov;  ^Jiericans  vx)rship  the  Father  of  this  country?     Llany 
cities  bear  his  nane,   and  in  alr.iost  every  city,    soir.e  street,   sorae  public 
place,    is  naiaed  after  hin.     ^Jjnost   in  every   state  there   is  a  "i/ashington 
Count: 


■yr         ft 


O 


There  are  also  iiany  liionuiaents  erected  in  coirnieiiioration  of  his  nane,  and  the 
most  fanous  and  nacnif  icent  of  then  all  is  the  one  erected  in  the  capital, 
V/ashinGton,   D.  C.     Tliere  are  also  very  inposing  noniments  of  George  ■.ashincton 
in  Riclinond,   Boston,  Ilevj  York  City,   and  Philadelphia. 


I  J 

III  3  3  a 


-  9  - 


Dziennik  Chlcacoski,  Feb.  21,  1891. 


POLISH 


The  character  of  George  '..ashincton  v;as  revealed  by  his  {^rreat  deeds.  It  v/as 
unusual,  unsurpassed.  He  v;as  calm  in  deliberation,  enerc^tic  in  actions,  un- 
moved in  iiiisfortune,  brave  on  the  battlefield,  keen  in  selecting  his  counsels 
and  assistants,  never  allov/ing  even  a  sliade  of  jealousy;  outspoken,  sincere, 
alv/ays  adhering  to  his  principles  whenever  he  thought  he  v/as  right;  conscien- 
tious in  performing  his  duties,  pleasant,  charitable.  These  are  some  of  his 
good  qualities. 

The  people  of  the  United  ;3tates  pay  hoiTiage  to  the  roeinorj^  of  this  great  man, 
the  Father  of  this  free  and  v/onderful  country • 


3> 


cjm 


-■     n 


0  \ 


I    J 


POLISH 


■    i  ■-■'  \ 


Zgoda,   Vol.   VIII,    No*    28,    July  10,    1889. 

NEWS   IN  AMERICA 
PORTY-TOO     STATES 

July  14,    1889,    there  were  four  new  stars   added  to  our  American  flag, 
because   on  this  day  four  new  states  were  composed  and  admitted  to  the 
American  Union*  V/e  have  today  forty -two  stars  hovering  in  the   sky  of 
our  Republic,   the   United  States  of  America. 

This  same  day  in  the  year  of  1790  there  were  only  thirteen  stars  shining 
on  their  area  of  325,065  square  miles;   today  the  expansion  of  this  same 
Republic  covers  the   area  of  2,405,070  square  miles* 

Prom  the  time  of  the  daring  and  heroic  associates  of  Washington,    consist- 
ing of  bold  and  brave  generals,    among  whom  we  find  Kosciuszko  and  Pulaski, 
who  fought  gallantly  for  the  freedom  of  our  Republic,    our  country  grew 
consistently  in  area  and  that   is  why  today  it  is  so  large   it  could  easilyt 
without  any  damage  or  injury  to  itself,   take   in  the  population  of  Europe. 


POLISH 


-  2  - 


Zgoda,  Vol.  VIII,  No.  28,  July  10,  1889. 

In  the  years  of  1791,  1792,  1796,  three  new  stars  were  added  to  the  ori^nal: 
Vermont,  Kentucky  and  Tennessee.  In  the  year  1802,  Ohio;  1812,  Louisiana; 
1816,  Indiana;  1817,  Mississippi;  1818,  Illinois;  1819,  Alabama;  1820,  Maine; 
1821,  Missouri;  1836,  Arkansas;  1837,  Michigan;  1845,  Florida  and  Iowa; 
1846,  Texas;  1847,  Wisconsin;  1850,  California;  1858,  Minnesota;  1859, 
Oregon;  1861,  Keuisas;  1862,  West  Virginia;  1864,  Nevada;  1867,  Nebraska; 
1875,  Colorado.  Washington,  Montana  and  both  of  the  Dakotas  were  Just  nor 
admitted  into  the  Union,  July  4,  1889. 


The  area  of  the  United  States  is  large,  and  frequently  there  is  a  creation 
of  a  new  settlement.  The  people  always  migrate  forward.  This,  thent  creates 
material  for  future  stars  in  the  form  of  budding  states. 


■^W'^M' 


1.  ATTITUDES 
K.  Position 

of  Women  and  Feminisn 


♦  ■  •► 


"".f. 


mjffi 


I'^^-t" 


-^% 


i    J. 


.-v. 


>. 


V  ^f 


■^^<. 


■).  ym-  .iP^i^iii.,f 


mmmm 


I    g 

IBS 


a 


Dziennik  Zjednoczenia,   Vol.  XXVI,   Ko.   69,   March  23,   1922 

SELP-DEPEiaDEKCE  OP  WOKOBW  -  ISIS.   EDI'TH  EOCICSE'ELLER  McCOmiCZ 


POLISH 


/- 


/   c 


A 


^ 


\ 


Mrs.  Edith  Hockefeller  McCornick  spoke  the  dajr^  "before  yesterday  at  the  Chicago 
College  Clu"b,  on  the  theme  of  the  superiority  of  women  over  men*  She  said 
that  a  woman  who  enters  the  "bonds  of  marriage  with  a  man  not  belonging  to  her 
sphere  "becomes  a  sla.ve«  vrith  this  claim  we  can  agree  with  her  completely, 
"because  often  we  hs.ve  many  examples  among  our  Polish  people* 

For  example,  Polish  women  who  marry  men  of  other  nationalities  with  different 
views  and  customs  than  ours,  are  not  happy,  and  very  quickly  a  break  in  the 
fajnily  occurs  which  ends  with  divorce.  Mixed  marriages  are  not  successful. 
Another  exajnple  may  be  cited  -  education.   If  the  man  is  intelligent  and 
educated  then  he  should  find  a  wife  who  is  equally  educated  and  sensible, 
and  .vice-versa.  ^.Tien  one  party  in  a  naxriage  is  wise  and  the  other  stupid, 
there  will  always  be  a  misunderstanding. 

F.OTHER  L0\^  I-SAIIS  I'OTHING 


In  the  further  course  of  her  talk  Krt.  Rockefeller- LlcCormick  said,  that  women 
today  have  done  more  than  to  acquire  a  place  for  themselves.   "All  modern  women 


TP 


I  g 

IBS 


-?.- 


POLISH 


Dzieimik  Zjednoczenia,  Vol.  XXVI,  Ko.  59,  !:arch  23,  1922 
want  to  "be  self-dependent". 


-^ 


.^_\ 


\ 


Mrs.  McCorraick  evidently  is  disseninp-tin^  propaganda  to  destroy  the  family,  ^*^ 
because  she  erpresses  herself  as  follows:   "Love  is  an  important  factor,  but 
is  not  everything.  A  woman's  general  love  is  a  thing  considerably  gi^eater"... 

It  is  difficult  to  agree  with  Mrs*  Rockefeller-McCormick  on  this  point.  A 
great  dissolution  is  taking  place  today  in  society,  and  logically- thinking 
people  are  struggling  to  remedy  these  conditions.  The  Catholic  clergy  are 
struggling  to  remedy  this.   It  places  as  the  foundation  of  all  h\imanity, 
faith,  love  of  thy  neighbor  and  a  happy  fa.mily  circle.  I'rs.  KcCormick,  by 
her  declaration,  draws  a  woman  away  from  these  fundamental  factors  for 
success  and  encourages  them  toward  iinearolained  demonstrations  and  their 
independent  development.  No  one  can  dens'"  a  woman's  efforts  and  rights  toward 
her  independent  development,  but  there  must  be  in  this  instance  a  clearer 
explanation  of  how  this  self-dependent  woman  should  develop. 


/ 


I  K 
TS  3 


-r?_ 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zjednoczenia.  Vol.  XXYI,  No,  69,  March  23,  1922 


THE  WOMAN  TUSEED   OK  A  PATHLESS  TRACE 


Ov 

-  y 

V:. 


If,  according  to  the  opinion  of  a  wealthy  woman,  self-defense  means  the 
ignoring  of  the  family  hearth,  the  neglect  of  the  teachings  of  Christ,  then 
our  Polish  women  will  not  "register  for  this  new  study".   In  the  spheres 
of  wealthy  people  in  America,  the  women  are  so  self-dependent,  that  the  papers 
are  filled  with  their  scandalous  news.  If  the  disciple  of  this  iinexplained 
self-dependence,  who  places  maternal  love  on  a  secondary  plane,  foiind  among 
the  listeners  some  slight- thinking  women,  then  "before  long  the  chronicles  will 
record  the  scandalous  deed  of  some  American  dame  from  the  financial  world. 
If  they  can  implant  in  the  minds  of  some  women  such  comprehensions  of  wealthy 
women  who  lead  idle  lives,  then  they  will  "self-dependently  face  irito  a 
precipice"* 


TT  1 

III  A 


■err  TC.; 


Narod  ]:ols>i.  Vol.  jlHV,   l^c 


•       '^"J:  ^      J  i  *^ ;     0       -^  U  J       J.  C?  t>  v./  0 


Ci.    ..\ iL.!.    b    kT; V i*  :' -Ci^^L 


;/orien   c?."i  votel   lifter   six  years    cf   continuouG    ii[_h"bir:g,    tlis   *7onen  of 
'zhe  United  States   liuve   been  i-iven   t:ie   ri^lit   of   equality  at  tlie  polls, 
".^e  vdll   desc  -ibe  in  a   fev;  v/ords   how   it  happened. 


In  1678   the    fcl]ov;in^  amendnent  v;as  ^rcr^ented  before   the  United   States 

±. 

Con. res s   for  f.dor^^tion: 

ARTICLE  XIX.   The  right   oT  t;:e    citir-.ens   of  the   United  States    to  vote 
shall  not  be   abrid"ed  bv   the  b'nitcd   otates,    or   by  anv  state,    oii  ac  :ount 
of   sex.    Ccn'^rcsr:    s.iall   have  "-.v/er  to   enfcrt^e    ':liis   article  bv  a.pr;ropriate 
legislation.   Decl   red  in  force  Aurust    2.G,   1920. 


This  article  v;as   r.asced  bv  the   'louse   of   ..eriresentatives   on  ttie  Slst  day 
of  ...av,    lc;19.    and  bv  the   senate   on  the   4th   da\^  cf   June  of    the    same  year 


I   K 
~F   1 
III  A 


F(J.  ISIi 


::i:T0d   Polski,   Vol.   X/CIV,    lo.    ZA,  Auij.    25,    1920 


WPA  (!Ll.)  PRO]  3027i 


Tlxit   is   not  all,   r>ofore  the  lav;  becoraes  effective   it  must   have  the 
approval   of  three  fourths   of  the    states,   or,   in  other  v/ords,    it  must 
first   (pass)   the   le^f.islatures  of   36   states.      Then  the    fight   started   in 
every  stc.te.   Sone   stc-tes  ratified  the  new  la-^;    others   rejected  it,    Tae 
State  of   Illinois     ivas  the   first  state  that   ratified  it,   other  states 
follov/ed.   On  the  IBth  day  of  Augxist,    1920,    the  36th   state  passed  this 
law.    It  was   t.ie    state  of   Ten  essee.    This  ended   tlie    fi^^ht   for  the 
remaining"    tv;elve   states. 

Fron  nov/  on  every  wonan  in  the  United  States,   who   is   over   21   years   of 
age,  will   have   an  equal  right  to  vo 'je  v.'ith  i.ien.    This    fall  wenen  nay 
vote   for   the  President   if  they  rerister  at   the    proper  ti.e. 

Accordin::    to  the   statistics    coy.iputed  by   the   head  bureau   of    the 
suffragettes,   there  are   ?G, 333,566  v/OLien  eligible  to  vote   in  the 
United  States   of  ^k.erica.   Out  o;'  these  about    20  nillion  v/ill  vote 
at  the   fall  election.    'There  v.lll   be  aboub   23  raillion  votes   cast  by  riiin^ 


I  K 
III  A 


'■I 


POL  ISil 


llarod   Iclsl-i,  Vol,   nr/.   No 


1920. 


VVPA{ILL)PR0J.3027J 


t   of  the  r/onen's   '.dctory,   but 


In  Poland  v/onien  have  tlie    ri  ^jht   to  vo.e.    In  our   Polish  .lOi/.an-Catholic 
Union  men  and    'vomen  have  ecual  rif/hts. 


ould  a  v/orian  not  vdsh  to  have  a  voice  in  Matters   concerriin(;   the 
United  States?   '.Vonien  of    the   lolish  :ioiaan-C:.^thollc   UniTn,   -e   congratulate 
you  on  your   victory  and  v;e  are   invitin-  you   to  v;ork  in  a  li.r,:er  fieldl 


Learn  th-^    lar;G   of   t/e   Uni'jed   States,    refjister  in  the    proper  tine,   vote 
on  election  day.    Those  v;ho  are  not   citizens    sl.ould   take  ou..    their 


I   K 
I  ?   1 
III  A 


N^rod  Polski,   Vcl#  XuCIV,  IIo 


iiU 


POL  ISJ 


1920.       VVPA(iLL)PROJ.  30275 


nuturalizaticn  ropers.    If  your  liu^band  is  r>.<jt  a   oi'Azen,   prevsiil  upon 
hi^::  to   take   oi^t   his   ci  ti:-.enshir   papers.    Th^'   field   is    open.  Act  I   Do 
not   fall  asleep  on   liiis   ii^atterl    .Tlioever   falls    asleep  over  natters 
todav  7;ilT   be  sterr^ed  en.    Therefore,    let  ur,    :.o  aheadl 


I  K 


POLISH 


Narod  Polski^  Volt  XXII,  No*  42,   Oct.   16,   1918vp;.  /IM  \pDQJ  3027^ 

THE  STRUGGLE  FOR  EQUAL  RIGHTS 

In  the   '^Vomen' s  Section  of  the  Dziennik  Zvria2kov.y  we  read: 

Again  v/e  have  been  defeated  in  the  political  arena.   The  cause   of  our 
equal  political   rights,  vrtiich  for  a  long   ti;:e  has  been  awaiting 
settlement,  was  lost  by  only  two  votes  at  the  meeting  of  the  Senate 
on  October  1,  1913# 

Vilho  is  at  fault?  i";ot  the  women,  we  are  sure.   They  have  done  everything 
to  acquire  the  right  to  vote,  which  so  justly  belongs   to  them.  Even 
if  only  from  this  respect,  that  not  only  financially  and  morally  do 
v/e  support  tiie   administration,  but  thousands   of  v/onen  are  working  in 
ammunition  plants,  farms,   etc«,   taking  the  place  of  men  who  have  been 
called  to  arms,   so  that  our  industry  would  not  suffer  on  that  account. 


Our  women  have  pointed  out  also  that  they  have  grown  up  with  the  right 


^p 


I  K 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


iiarod  Folski,  Vol,  XXII,  no.  42,  Oct.  16,   191S. 


,-•;,  (ILL,)  PROJ.  30275 


of  taking  a  voice  in  politics,  because  in  those  elections,  where  they 
were  gi^en   the  ri^ht  to  vote,  they  were  not  directed  by  political 
favors  neither  did  they  allow  themselves  to  be  bribed  by  grafters, 
but  voted  for  those  who  had  a  clean  political  record  and  would  work 
for  the  country. 

It  appeared  that  this  time  the  matter  of  equal  rights  ivas  on  the  right 
road,  because  our  great  President  hiniself  took  a  voice  in  it,  support- 
ing our  tendencies.  However,  even  triat  did  not  influence  some  of  the 
backward  and  short-sighted  senators,  who  evidently  are  afraid  to 
introduce  into  politics  a  new  political  element. 

The  President  believes  that  the  right  to  vote  for  women  is  necessary 
in  order  to  carry  through  to  a  successful  culmination  the  present 
great  war.  If  we  are  to  be  a  true  democratic  country,  we  cannot 
treat  women  differently  than  men.  He  put  up  as  an  example,  England, 
which  so  long  opposed  equal  rights  for  women,  where  the  suffragettes 


pw«.*»r»>»*^.».'Kt,  •»'  -*^«- 


■r-'ff- 1-s^  ^j*fc- -  - -i*.  V 


i..,t--«KLa*»J-*  «aS"*M 


k^l^^iv.-  I  -^KJW;  ■'>-af*«^^'<^*V9»'9'*'^'^- 


Ki^fi^*;  ^(^i^SVffW  V5P^^  «* '■■ 


I  K 


-  3  - 


i^arod  Polski,  Vol.  XXII,  i\o.  42,   Oct,  16,  1918. 


POLISH 


WP^  (ILL.)  PRO!.  30275 


fought  much  less  than  the  American  women.  With  the  outbreak  of  the  war, 
hov/ever,  seeing  how  the  English  women  in  everything  are  working  har- 
moniously with  the  governiosnt,  and  having  laid  aside  all  political 
strug.^les,  the  government,  in  recognition  of  their  service,  has  given 
them  long  desired  equal  rights. 

"Should  we,"  ci-ied  out  tlmt  nobleman  of  state,  "concede  to  women  only 
cooperation  in  suffering,  sacrifices,  and  work,  and  deny  them  the  right 
to  take  part  in  pri-^/i leges  and  justice?" 

"The  problems  of  women  rest  in  the  very  heart  of  the  war  and  this 
heart  will  beat  with  greater  strength  if  you  settle  this  just  matter 
and  show  to  our  women  tliat  you  confide  in  them  likewise  as  much,  in 
fact,  as  you  are  dependent  on  them." 

And  those  truth  inspired  words  did  not  stir  those  backward  senatorial 
minds  and  did  not  demonstrate  to  them  our  matter  in  the  true  light. 


I  K 


-4- 


POLISH 


iMarod  Polski^  Vol.  XXII,  iMo.  42,  Oct. 


.6,  1918. 


W?A(tLl.)PROJ.3027S 


Really  it  is  a  sliame  that  there  are  in  a  democratic  and  progressive 
America  at  the  helm  of  state  such  stubborn  and  narrow-minded  people. 

But  that  is  no"thing.  Let  us  not  lose  hope 'because  a  good  cause  must 
be  victorious.  This  time  there  were  two  Votes  shor^t  in  order  to  put 
through  the  resolution.  Me   can  then  flatter  ourselves  with  the  hope 
.that  the  next  time  when  the  natter  of  equal  rights  goes  to  the  Senate 
for  deliberation,  the  majority  will  be  for  us. 


I  K 
I  G 


POLISH 


Dzlennik  Zwiazkowy,  Aug*  7,  1918. 
FIVE  POLISH  GIEIS  REGISTER  FOR  WORK  IN  AIRPLANE  SHOPS 

Five  Polish  girls,  who  came  to  this  country  from  Poland  not  very  long  ago, 
were  the  first  to  register  in  the  women's  employment  office  at  the  Chicago 
Herald  and  Examiner,  VJhen  they  applied  at  the  office  of  the  manager  for 
Jobs  left  vacant  by  men,  they  specified  they  wanted  ''patriotic  jobs"  in 
order  to  help  America  and  Poland  "beat  the  Kaiser".  One  of  them  could  not 
speak  a  word  of  English;  the  others  spoke  in  broken  English,  but  were  able 
to  explain  what  they  wanted  and  describe  what  kind  of  work  they  had  done  in 
the  country  of  their  birth. 

Since  from  their  previous  experience  and  their  physical  appearance  it  looked 
as  if  they  could  do  men's  work,  they  were  promised  jobs  in  airplane  factories. 

The  names  of  these  patriotic  girls  are:  Alice  Myszkowski,  Camilla  Jarocki, 
Stella  Glochowalski ,  W.  Jorzak,  and  Julia  Zurawiecki. 


-T3 

o 

» 


I  K 


:^OLTSH 


Dziennik  Zmcizko'^r^j^   Jan.  IG,  1918. 


II  D  10 

III  B  2 
III  H 

I  a 

IV 

After  the  holidays,  our  lollsh  women  returned  zealously  to  their  national- 
istic and  orf^anizetional  v;ork, 

• 

Accordin^^  to  information  riven  by   Hrc*  /lljj' VAlevJsyA ,   from  her  r^ersonal  observa- 
tion in  the  Polish  Annv  barracks,  the  itens  needed  nost  bv  the  Polish  soldiers  are 
socks  and  mufflers.  They  have  enou^-h  sv;eeters.   Due  to  the  dampness  in  that 
vicinity,  it  is  difficult  to  keep  the  feet  and  shoep  dry,  and  so  the  soldiers 
there  can  never  be  oversup^-lied  v.ith  socks.   Le'.  us  tr^r,  then,  to  supply  them 
with  these  items  as  soon  as  possible,  lest  by  our  nepli^ence  we  expose  our  war- 
riors to  illness.  ".7orkin{:;  hours  in  the  Glothiicr  Comriittee  of  the  "Jomen's  Depart- 
ment of  the  Polish  Katicnal  Alliance  are  as  before,  from  two  to  nine  o'clock  in 
the  evenine:  or.   Mondays,  Tuesdays,  ana  Thursdays. 

v;e  announce  with  pleasure  that  the  Clothinfr  Committee  recently  received  a  letter 
of  ackncwled.-emcnt  and  thanks  from  the  Irkutsk  Committee  of  the  Polish  "Jar  Relief 


3=» 


-a 


I  K 

11   D  10 

III  3 

2 

III  11 

I  a 

IV 

-  2  - 


PCLISII 


Dziennik  Zv:iG?.kcv;y,  J^n.  l*^,  19.1^, 


Association  of  Petrof-rad  for  the  clothinr,  in  part  donated  and  in  part 
purchased,  sent  there  by  our  "Jomrr.ittee,  The  text  of  this  letter  appeared 
in  the  Januarj^  9  issue  of  Dziennik  ZTOazl'ovr/;  we  onl^^  msh  to  shov/  here 
that  the  p-enerosit^r  of  our  Foli^^h  women  of  the  Clothinr  Committee....  is  beinf^ 
put  to  effective  use;  many  Polish  fa^iilies  are  beinr  shielded  from  the  illness, 
or  perhaps  death,  that  results  from  lack  of  warm  clothinp'.  Lot  the  conviction 
that  our  efforts  have  dried  a  preat  many  tears  of  suffering,  dear  sisters,  en- 
coura:;e  us  to  Vvork  with  rrrecter  zeal  and  self-sacrifice  in  the  future. 

Our  sisters  of  the  VJomen^s  Department  are  equally  zealous  in  orr^anizational 
work.  Hot  lonp  ^cOf   !'rs.  /I:./' 3akcv;ski  visited  T.'ilwnukee,  '.7isconsin,  v;here  she 
spoke  at  a  irratherinr,  ur^'^int'^  everyone  t--;  become  a  m.em.ber  of  the  f^reatest  Polish 
organization,  the  Polish  National  Alliance.  !.!rs.  J.  Dunin,  former  editor  of 
Zgoda,  also  spoke  at  this  mieetinf^.  V.'e  have  hopes  that  the  ardent  appeals  of 
these  two  women  will  find  an  echo — that  as  a  result  of  this  encoura.'^ement,  a 
great  many  women  will  decide  to  join  our  orranization  and  have  the  honor  of 
beinp:  called  "mer.bers  of  the  Polish  National  Alliance." 


TJ 


-a 

o 

^.  • 


I  K 

II  D  10 

III  B  2 
III  H 

I  G 
IV 


-  3  - 


Dzlennlk  Zwlazkowy,  Jan.  16,  1918, 


POLISH 


On  Thursday,  a  meeting  of  the  V/omen*s  Department  was  held,  at  which 
the  woinen's  commissioner,  L'rs,  V#  Lipinski,  v^rho  recently  returned 
from  Florida,  was  present.  She  shared  with  us  a  great  many  impressions 
she  received  in  the  course  of  her  travels,  and  made  some  important  suge-estions 
concerning  co-operation  in  order  that  the  work  for  our  orf^anization  be  most  ef- 
fective. 

The  meeting  continued  until  very  late,  for  there  were  many  important  matters  to 
discuss  and  many  projects  to  be  examined.   Each  matter  was  considered  in  detail, 
and  everything  led  to  one  end — the  f?ood  of  our  motherland  and  the  Polish  National 
Alliance. 

VVe  would  like  also  to  mention  here  that  the  V/omcn's  Department  of  the  Polish 
national  Alliance  participates  in  all  activities  of  various  collective  organi- 
zational groups.  One  of  our  members,  !.!rs.  Sakowski,  is  a  member  of  the  National 
Department,  another,  Llrs.  l'.  L!ilewski,  is  a  member  of  the  ZiJxecutive  Committee 
of  the  Polish  Central  Relief  Committee.  V/e  also  have  a  representative  in  the 


-T5 


CO 


I  K 

II  D  10 

III  B  2 
III  H 

I  O 
IV 


-  4  - 


Dzlennik  Zwlazkowy>  Jan.  16,  1918# 


POLISB 


Citizens*  Committee.  Thus  it  can  be  seen  that  the  women  of  the  Polish 
NationcJL  Alliance  are  always  represented  everywhere,  always  occupying 
an  important  position* 


We  would  also  like  to  share  with  our  women  readers  one  other  triumph  of  the 
women  of  Anerica.  On  January  10,  the  House  of  Representatives  made  an  amende 
ment  to  the  Constitution,  giving  women  equeuL  voting  rights  with  men.  This 
question  will  be  more  thoroughly  discussed  in  the  next  issue  Jot  Dziennik 
Zwiazkow^. 


.V' 


I  K 

I  B  3  b 

I  B  3  c 


POLISH 


Dziennlk  Zwia2^owy>   Jan.   2,   1918, 


MOTHERS  OF  YESTERYEAR 


(Editorial) 


Some  people  claim  that  there  is  no  longer  a  *^maiTied  women's  problem^,  but 
that  there  remains  a  girls'  and  widows'  problem  as  far   as  their  places  in 
business  and  professional  fields  are  concerned •  But  the  important  point  is 
that  women  are  employed,  and  that  they  must  continue  in  employment;  because 
of  this  parents  should  prepare  their  daugihters  as  well  as  their  sons  for 
some  useful  work. 

Let  us  not  forget,  however,  that  it  is  not  yet  fifty  years  since  woman  has 
begun  to  take  this  part  in  the  struggle  for  existence.  To  be  sure,  there 
were  women  in  the  past  who  supported  themselves,  but  they  were  exceptions, 
not  the  general  rule. 


cr 


All^/SarriedTwomen,  girls,  and  widows  who  are  now  employed  on  a  par  with  men, 


I 

K 

I 

B  3 

b 

I 

B  3 

c 

-    ^    - 


P0LI.3H 


Dziennik  Zwiazkovrf,    Jan. 


1918 


either  at  home  or  outside  of  hone,  v/hose  '.'/ork  takes  up  all  of  their  time 
and   thoughts,   need  sop.eone  to  provide  them  comfort  at  home  just  as  emT:loyed 
men  do.     For  example,    could  this  or  that  young  £:irl  do  the  difficult  ?7ork 
of  a  teacher  or  an  artist   if  nhe   did  not  have  a  loving    lother  at  home   to 
see  that  she  ivas   properly  fed,    and   so   on?     Could  this  or  that  married  v/oman 
or  vjidov;,   v;ho  has  been  forced  to   seek  employment,   perform  her  duties   con- 
scientiously if  she  did  not  have  someone  at  home  to  take  her  T^lace  v;ith 
the  children  and  to  mana^;e  the  household? 

Naturally,    there  are   ^ood  and   conscientious   "substitute  mothers",    but  xvhat 
iTith  the  r) resent  day  desire  for  "freedom",    there  are  not  man^;-   such  women. 


And   it  must  be   aided  that  v;omen  onlv   in  the   rarest  cases 


for  instance, 


famous  artists,    authors,    or  singers,    earn  enoupji  money  to   satisfy  all  the 
demands  of  a  go'^^rness.      In  'lost  cases  .ve   find  the  ];iother  of  the  ivorking 
v/om.an  acting  as  her  helper  and  substitute,     llo  one  else  in  her  place,    even 
thourrh  she  is  often  advanced  in  years,  vrould  take  upon  herself  the  entire 


1 

» 

c 
c 

r 


mil  itww  ji    iiujni  I J  III 


I 

K 

I 

B 

3 

b 

I 

B 

3 

c 

-  5   - 


POLISH 


Dziennik   ::-7iazkoOT,    Jan.   2,    19 18, 


raanagerront  of  the  home,   nor  v;ould   they  conduct   it   so   econor.ically  as  one's 
own  raother.     Then  too,   no   on^?  else  ?/ould  p:iv^  the  children  the   same  care 
as  a  ;7rand'-other  :-ives  her  grandchildren,   and  no  one    else  but  the  mother 
would   shield  her  daurhter   so  carefully  from  the  daily  domestic  cares.      In- 
stead of  spendinr-  her  declining  years  peacefully  and  '-i.uietly  in  ".grandmother's 
room",    she  is  ae:in<?  amid   the  troubles  of  everyday  life  because  her  dau'^hter 
v;ho  v/orks  for  a  living  has  other  duties.     And  in  spite  of  this,    she  is  only 
a  secondary  fif^^ure  in  the  household.      3he  is  a  help  and  a   support   in  the 
home,   but    first  place  belongs  to  the  dau'rliter,    es-^ecially  if  that  dau'^hter 


"famou 


Very  fev;  people,   v;hen  ^ayim*  homage  to  such  a  "famous"  daugh- 
ter,  think  of  hov;  much   she  ovjes  to  her  n^other — that   "old  woman  of  b;7'^:one 
years"  v;ho  never  was  anythin*-  but  a   :::other  and   a  housewife,      .-jid  the  dau?:h- 


ters,  whether   tl^iey  are   peniuses  or  just  avera  *e  v:orkin 

ha;/  much  their  i^.others  mean   to   them.      IJobody   talks  about    it. 


7;omen,    forpet  too, 


c 

c. 

r 


"Tlie  household    is  conducted  by  Mother!"     ITaturally,    it   is  understood  that   it 
could  not  be  otherwise.      But  it  maist  not   he  for-otten  that  beside  this  working; 


stiii."  ■  !«M-^-r-r>*-'-.-rK.'S'«A«^ 


■-jf  t.jw"  '■  .^-^mc 


vr^l:^^  iw^ 


I  K 


-.  ^    - 


I 
I 


D  3  b 
B  3  c 


PCLI'Jrl 


Dziennik    v;jiazkovr/,    Jan.    2,    1918 


mother,    a  nev/  'generation  of  v/orkinr:  '.vornen  is    :-rovjin.;:^  up — her  dau^^hters. 
.uid  v/hen  iTandraother  becoir.es  v/eak  and  ill,   or,    ivliat  is  vjorse,    dies,   v/hat 
then?     :Jho  then  v;ill  mana^te  the  household? 

If  evoryone  en'^-;es    in  the   stra^  'le   for   existence,    if  mothers,    still  youn,';3 
and   strong,    cannot  or  v:ill   not  .give  u^  their  v/ork,   vjho  v;ill   care   for  them 
at  home?      7ot  hone  to  the  .vorking  woman,    just  as   to  a  man,    is  the  ruiet 
refuge  of  peace   and  hayvoiness.     IIo  recreation,   no  outside  activity,    can  take 
the  -olace  of  the   quiet  T-eace  of  hone,      ^t  working  vjonen  ovie  their  -^eace  and 
happiness  nostly  to  their   -lothers — the  '.vomen  of  yesteryear.      'Phese  mothers 
are  indispensable  to  their   dau-^hters,   making  everything  easier  for  them,   and 
in  ifiany  cases  making  it    possible  for  them  to  find   outside  v/ork. 

Desr,ite  all  this,   unfortunately,    it   often  happens  that  these   "m.others  of 
yesteryear*'  are   spoken  of  as   something  out  of  place.      They  do  not  earn  rioney, 
so  they  do  not  count   at  all.      It  must  be  called  to  m.ind,    therefore,   that 
these  uneducated,  unfamed,    si'iple  mothers  of  long  ago  help  their  daughters 


r— ' 


c:: 


. * iV-  r  ;-|  t  JM '  j»f*nt tt^vj.-;  jfgVhi.^y  I. 


*:yT'  '■:.■  '^fc**-^-*::.'^'  *■  ■•;>■? 


I  K 

I  B  3  b 

I   B  3  c 


-   5  - 


POLISH 


Dz ie nn ik  Zv/l azko v\ny^ ,   Jan.    2,    1918. 


earn  their  livin/^  by  untirinp;  love  and  care. 

The  rising  generation  of  dau.^Jiters,  already  trained  professionally,   may  say 
one  day,  v/hen  their  riothors  fail  to  render  the    sa^iie  sort  of  service  in  the 
hone : 


"How  good  Crrandmother  ^vasl 
herl" 


Too  bad  she  is  r,one — too  bad  mother  isn't  like 


c 

r 


'T^ 


I  K 

II  D  10 

III  H 
I  G 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  June  29,  1917, 
TO  THE  l/OMEN  READERS  OF  THE  ALLIANCE  PAPERS 


I  envy  those  ^oiaen^  who ,  not  having  behind  them  years  of  struggling  with  the 
pen,  so  willingly  and  boldly  place  their  names  upon  the  list  of  candidates  for 
editorships  of  the  Women's  Section  in  the  Alliance  papers,  while  to  me,  who 
am  accustomed  to  putting  my  thoughts  on  paper,  that  task  seems  today  so  diffi- 
cult that  I  approach  it  only  with  a  great  many  fears  and  doubts,   I  ask  myself 
whether,  after  living  so  long  in  the  quiet  of  home,  I  shall  be  able  to  grasp 
the  wide  horizons  of  thought  in  the  present  political  situation  which,  like 
the  most  terrible  of  hurricanes,  has  enveloped  the  whole  v/orld,  involving  to 
an  ever- increasing  extent  the  immortal  right  of  independent  Poland  to  exist. 
It  could  almost  be  said  that,  today,  Poland  stands  in  the  very  center  of  inter- 
national politics.  But  it  stands  there  not  as  a  power,  regulating  European 
affairs  through  the  influence  of  its  strength;  it  stands  rather  as  a  specter 
of  past  wrongs,  the  just  righting  of  which  will  finally  open  a  new  era  of 
progress  for  the  nations  of  Europe. 


I  K 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  June  29,  1917 


II  D  10 

III  H 
I  G 

In  the  face  of  Poland's  position  with  reference  to  politics  in  general, 
the  conduct  of  Poles  ought  always  to  have  personal  integrity  in  view,  rather 
than  small-souled  arrogance  in  the  analysis  of  Polish  affairs,  or  small-souled 
bows  to  enemy  nations,  or  untimely  sneers  at  those  v/hich,  according  to  the 
demands  of  war,  turn  to  us  with  increasing  sympathy  or  fear — that  is,  with  an 
excess  of  promises  or  threats.  Let  us  await  the  future  with  dignity  and  tran- 
quillity, but  let  us  not  wait  inactively,  but  with  redoubled  elasticity  and 
wisdom  in  our  deeds •  As  many  of  us  as  there  are,  let  each  man  and  woman  take 
upon  himself  or  herself  duties  in  accordance  with  his  own  powers,  the  purpose 
of  which  should  be  either  a  preparation  of  political  influence  for  the  final 
moments  of  the  present  war  (that  is,  the  determination  of  peace  terms)  or 
increasing  effort  toward  raising  our  national  worth  in  education,  art,  science, 
commerce,  and  industry,  in  family,  social,  organizational,  and  community  life. 
Our  future  depends  upon  our  understanding  and  fulfillment  of  these  duties. 


^ 
o 


'^■' 


Furthermore,  we  must  remember  that  we  are  living  in  times  of  a  war  that  has 
reached  even  the  United  States,  and  that  the  tendencies  of  the  United  States 


I  K 


-  3  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  June  29,  1917 • 


II  D  10 

III  H 
I  G 

are  united  with  the  ideals  of  the  Polish  element  in  America  more  un- 
qualifiedly than  ever  before^  The  politically  deep  and  philosophically 
trained  mind  of  the  highest  representative  of  North  America,  President  V/ilson, 
has  taken  the  Polish  question  into  its  wise  and  just  consideration  in  a  way  truly 
beneficial  to  us  because  it  is  based  upon  a  real  knowledge  of  facts,  and  regards 
us  in  respect  to  the  American-iSuropean  war,  not  as  ordinary  citizens,  but  as 
voluntary  debtors  and  friends  of  everything  connected  with  the  welfare  of  the 
United  States.  This  is  another  question  that  requires  a  great  deal  of  tact 
and  personal  integrity  on  the  part  of  both  men  and  women.  For  let  us  consider 
that  a  mother  must  give  up  her  mature,  intellectually  and  physically  fully  de- 
veloped offspring  who,  perhaps,  may  never  be  returned  to  her.  To  this  self-denial 
for  the  good  of  one's  real  and  adopted  homelands,  to  this  alert  citizenship,  she 
must  be  encouraged  today,  her  path  to  this  duty  lighted,  the  weaknesses  of  her 
heart  removed,  her  will  and  sense  of  honor  strengthened.  How  great  and,  at  the 
same  time,  how  terrible  and  difficult  this  task  appears  to  the  writer.  The  diffi- 
culties mount  as  we  turn  to  the  third,  and  perhaps  most  important,  women's  duty 
at  the  present  time — that  is,  awakening  the  sympathy  of  the  Poles  in  America  for 


i 

'; 


I  K 


-  4  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  ZwiazkQv;^^,  June  29,  1917 • 


II  D  10 

III  H 
I  G 

the  poverty  and  misery  of  the  Poles  in  Poland.  For  v/hat,  after  all,  is 
happening  to  our  collections  and  offerings  for  those  ivho,  drenched  with  blood 
and  exhausted  by  every  sort  of  torture,  are  fighting  v;ith  feverish  enthusiasm 
for  the  future  of  the  Polish  nation?  Ilave  v;e  chan^^ed  our  styles,  perhaps,  as 
was  considered  at  the  beginning  of  the  war,  in  order  to  contribute  the  money 
thus  saved  to  the  benefit  of  the  poor  in  Poland,  or  have  we  dispensed  with  any 
household  superfluities,  or  have  we  reached  into  our  funds  in  J\merican  banks 
in  order  to  ease,  at  least  partially,  the  misery  in  Poland?  I  shall  not  answer 
these  questions,  for  I  believe  fiimly  that  whoever  has  not  done  this  until  now 
will  do  so  the  moment  he  comprehends  the  vjhole  greatness  and  terribleness  of 
present-day  events.  At  that,  the  fact  thtit  the  toles  in  the  United  States  have 
thus  far  gathered  only  so  siaall  a  sum  for  the  Polish  cause  is  perhaps  not  wholly 
their  fault,  but  rather  the  fault  of  those  who,  in  describing  conditions,  had 
not  the  eloquence  of  pen  to  bring  forth,  in  all  its  naked  truth,  the  terrible 
fate  of  our  beloved  homeland.  Kad  there  been  ir^ore  genuises  like  the  late 
/^enry^  Sienkiev;icz  or  Paderewski,  who  is  now  working  with  us,  the  offerings  for 
Poland  would  have  grown  and  mounted  with  each  day  and  year,  instead  of  weakening 


I  K 

II  D  10 

III  H 

I  a 


-  5  - 


Dziennik  Zv/iazkov;^'',  June  29,  1917 


POLISH 


and  diminishing. 


That  diminishment  represents  our  psychological  weakness  and  political  immaturity* 
Let  us  observe  the  Americans,  who  need  but  one  day  to  collect  more  for  war 
purposes  in  only  one  city  than  vre  have  collected  for  the  Polish  cause  during 
the  whole  course  of  the  war.  Can  it  be  that  the  Pole  values  his  dollar,  locked 
away  in  a  bank,  more  than  the  honor  of  aiding  his  starving  homeland? 

But  I  desire  to  interest  the  readers  of  Zgoda  not  only  with  a  discussion  of 
political  questions.  Of  no  less  importance  to  us  are  tasks  of  a  social,  edu- 
cational, or  economic  nature;  presenting  them  in  their  proper  light,  raising  the 
level  of  our  culture  will  enable  us,  at  the  same  time,  to  understand  more  deeply 
our  present  national  duties.  In  discussing  these  questions,  we  shall  observe 
the  young  women  being  educated  in  the  high  schools  and  universities,  as  well  as 
those  who  are  working  in  stores  and  factories— young  women  who  in  order  best  to 
fulfill  their  duties  to  themselves  and  the  Polish  element  in  general,  are  in 
need  of  someone  to  take  an  interest  in  them  and  their  fate,  so  often  sad.  Nothing 


CO 

CD 


I  K 


-  6  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,   Jxme  29,   1917. 


II  D  10 

III  11 
I  G 

so  facilitates  individual  progress  as  an  analysis  of  the  shortcomings 
and  T/orking  conditions  which,  in  any  case,  determine  the  povjor  and  strength 
of  eveiy  nation.  To  think  means  to  prop.ress,  to  judge,  condemn  ,  or  praise 
means  to  change  the  conditions  of  existence  from  bad  to  good*  It  is  in  this 
power  of  judgment  and  wise  criticism  that  all  free  nations  have  laid  the  founda- 
tion for  their  develoiiraent,  and  it  is  in  this  power  of  judgment  and  just  con- 
demnation or  praise  that  our  Polish-American  community  must  find  the  means  of 
escaping  the  retrogression  and  financial  selfishness  that  now  bind  it« 


In  taking  up  the  duties  of  editor  of  the  Jomen^s  Section  of  the  Alliance  papers, 
I  did  so  not  for  the  pui'pose  of  adding  to  the  journalistic  material,  of  which 
there  is  no  lack  in  Polish  and  American  journalism,  but  to  co-operate  with  you, 
my  women  readers  for  our  national,  social,  organizational,  and  general  cultural, 
good.  A  number  of  yearns  work  and  disappointments  in  Chicago  have  convinced 
me  that  that  which  a  person  carries  in  his  heart  and  in  his  willingly  expressed 
thoughts,  is  communicated  to  those  around  one,  despite  the  greatest  obstacles. 
For  the  sixteen  years  of  my  stay  in  Chicago,  I  have  tried,  for  example,  to  the 


o 


I  K  -  7  -  POLISH 

II  D  10 

III  H  Dziennlk  Zwiazkowy,  June  29,  1917. 
I  G 

best  of  my  ability,  to  raise  the  intellectual  level  of  the  youth 
around  me;  however,  in  every  enterprise  of  this  nature,  my  work  was  often 
paralyzed  or  reduced  to  the  minumum  of  its  influence.  In  view  of  this,  nothing 
remained  to  me,  through  this  whole  time,  excepting  the  maintenance  of  a  school 
of  music*  Today,  however,  I  observe  with  the  greatest  satisfaction  that  a 
large  percentage  of  the  students  of  this  school  of  mine,  through  perservance 
and  wise  mental  effort,  now  are  earning  laurels  in  the  high  schools  and 
universities  of  Chicago*  I  regard  this  highly  desired  (though  unexpected) 
result  as  the  highest  pedagogical  honor,  if  my  influence  has  been  of  any  value. 
In  order  to  increase  it,  I  should  like,  through  the  columns  of  the  Women* s 
Sections  in  the  Alliance  papers  that  have  been  entrusted  to  my  care,  to 
establish  the  most  extensive  possible  relations  with  the  mothers  of  the  numerous 
Polish  families  who,  despite  willingness,  do  not  know  how  to,  or  cannot,  per- 
severe in  their  duty  of  giving  their  children  the  advantage  of  higher  education 
after  they  have  gone  through  the  preliminary  public  school*  In  the  meantime, 
life  becomes  more  difficult  from  day  to  day  for  individuals  who  have  no 
specialized  or  professional  training* 


I  K 

II  D  10 

III  H 
I  G 


-  8  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  June  29,  1917. 


Let  woman  enter  the  struggle  for  life  prepared  with  an  intellectual  skill  of 
one  kind  or  another,  artistic,  technical,  or  coinniercial;  let  her  be  educated 
systematically  and  thoroughly,  not  in  a  superficial  manner.  But  in  her  pursuit 
of  a  career,  let  no  Polish  woman  forget  the  Polish  origin  of  her  family;  she 
must  reaffirm  it,  always  and  everywhere,  by  work  for  the  good  of  Poland.  For 
this  wide  range  of  work  that  is  being  laid  out  before  us  by  present-day  eycuos, 
we  must  join  hands  for  the  mutual  uplifting  of  our  spirits, for  the  cleansing 
of  our  hearts,  and  for  the  crushing  of  retrogression  in  all  its  foims. 


s 


CO 


Let  us  not  think  that  the  rebirth  of  Poland  will  happen  of  itself,  simp5.y  because  S 
it  depends  upon  our  regaining  what  was  taken  from  us  by  force.  Not  at  all.  V/e   5^ 
must  approach  this  event  v;ith  a  knowledge  of  our  ovm  intellectual  and  moral 
transformation,  with  a  reform  of  our  emotions,  our  processes  of  thought,  and  our 
actions.  7or,  after  all,  it  was  a  lack  of  intelligence  that  caused  us  to  lose 
the  heritage  of  our  forefathers;  on  regaining  it,  wo  can  hold  it  and  use  it 
toward  better  aims  only  v/hen,  curbing  the  impulsiveness  of  our  emotions,  we  manage 


I  K  -  9  -  POLISH 

II  D  10 

III  H  Dzlennlk  Zwiazkowy^  June  29,  1917. 
I  G 

to  control  them  by  the  strength  of  our  minds,  wills,  and  spirit.  Our 
collapse  was  caused  by  an  exaggerated  idea  of  freedom  which  should  not  be 
renewed  now  without  including  a  wisely  planned  discipline  on  the  one  hand  and 
a  national  solidarity  on  the  other«  Only  then,  when  we  invest  reborn  Poland 
with  strength  of  mind  and  will,  can  we  erase  from  history  our  weeiknesses,  our 
powerlessness,  our  disunion,  dishamony  and  retrogressiveness,  and  bring  to  the 
fore  that  which  will  constitute  our  strength,  our  energy,  and  our  creativeness, 
as  well  as  the  universal  shaping  of  our  relations  for  the  individual  and  national 
good« 


Let  us  apply  ourselves  to  this  work  with  mutual  confidence  and,  first  of  all, 
with  faith  in  the  fact  that  victory  depends  upon  our  own  deeds  and  transforma- 
tions* 


Dr«  Anna  Wyczolkowski. 


-L    I. 


II 

B 

II 

D 

9 

II 

U 

6 

II 

D 

7 

II 

D 

8 

IV 

d 


(1) 


Dziennlk   ::;/;laZ'- ovr^ ,   ::ar.   2.^,   1917, 


POLISH  .:30Cr"TT  ?0.:   'IF    ?^CT""CTIC]:    ^:F  ■:0=  j^ll! 


U.      \, .4.    ..     >i    i 


At   the  lar^t  rneetinr  of  a  rronT)  of  peorile  of  poofl   will  ^.vho  met   at  the 
polish  Press  'Jlub,   ''rs.   7elen   '".3tmajer  read   the  follovrinr*  report 
re(:ardinp  the  nev/ly  forrned  Polinh  Society  for  the  Protection  of  '"onen,    a 
reT?crt  v;hich   sr<eak?   for  itself   concerning   the   ains    and   rurroses  of  this  vaorthv 
society. 


"Py  sendinr  out  written  invitations   to   today's  patherinrr,    invitations  whose 
contents  have  already  inforned   vou   in  ^^eneral  of  the  ains  and   purrioses  of  the 
Polish  Society  for   the  Protection  of  '..'omen,   we  want-d   in   the  first  place  to 
l3t  rr.   Virden,    representative  of  the  .^tate  authorities,    see  vath  what   earnest 
interest  our  people  re^^ard   this  problem,    and  how  p;re&tly  they  feel   the  need  of 
such  an  or^ranization, 

''Besides  this,  we  wculd  like   to   take  advantage  of  today's  /ratherinp-  in  order 
to  ask  you  to  help  and   sup^i^ort  us  by  joining  our  p;roup  and   to  call    i  t   to  the 


I_K 

II  B  S  d   (1) 

II  B   2  f 

II  D  e 


_  p  _ 


yoii-^T 


nzisnrik  Z^vlazVowy,   "ar.   28,   1917. 


II   D  7       attention  of  your  friends,   xvhom  v;e  do  not  know  but  xvho  can  be  very 

II  r  B       helpful  to  us  in  our  socio-nat^ional  work. 

IV 

'^V/ere  vie  only  to   stop  and   consider   the  predica'r:ent  of  our  Polish 
women  and  ^ir]s,   v;e  would    all   r.o  doubt  unanincusly  agree  that  it  is  our  duty 
as  Poles  to  p^ive  help  and  advice  to  those  vjho  need  them. 

**If  we  would   take  the  trouble  to  examine   the  court  records,  v/e  would  find 
innumerable  cases  v;hich^   by  beinr  dragged   through   the  courts,   brin/7   shame  and 
dishonor  nor   only  to  the  family  in   nuestion  but   to  our    entire  nationality  as 
well. 


'♦Frenuently  this   is  not   so  much   the  fault  of  those  v;ho  from  their  childhood 
spend  their  time  Vvorkinr  for  a  living  and  have  no     time  to  learn  to  differen- 
tiate betv;een  good  and   bad  and  what   a  v/anan   should   be  ashamed  of  and  should 
giiard  against-,   as  it  is   the  fault  of  society^  v/hich  has  not  as  yet  made  an 
effort  to  organize  appropriate  care  and  protection  for  these  unfortunate  beings. 


u» 


I  i: 


-  3  - 


:rT,TCTT 


Dziennik  Zvdazkov/y,  !'nr.   28,   1917. 


II  3  2  d    (1) 

II  B  2   f 

II  D  6 

II  D  7  '*7.'e  Polish  v/onen  v;ho  sympathize  with  end  understand   the   terrible  lot 

II  D  8  of  the  victims  of  our  social  indifference,    are  called  unon  in  the 

IV  first  place  to  rnalce  a  uni  tod   effort  to   ra;.edy  the  evil, 

"The  serious  thourh  sporadic  voices  which  have  occasionally  been  raised   in  the 
papers  repardinf  this  matter,    as  v^ell    as  tho  increasing  police  and   court  reports 
which  brin^   shame   to  ro"ish  names   by  disclosing  facts  about  the  complete  moral 
decay  of  Polish  Vv'omen  and  ^irls,    liave   caused  a  group  of  polish  v/omen  to  decide 
to   take  a  definite   step  in  the  direction  of  remedyinr   this  evil.      ':'hey  have 
or^^anized  the  Polish  Society  for  the  Protection  of  "Jomen,    the  aims  of  which  are 
as  follov;s: 

"1.      To  rive  advice  and  protection  to  women   and  f^irls   of  -lavic  ancestry;',    espe- 
cially to  Polish  women. 


O 

ro 


^2.     To  defend  the  reputation  and  honor  of  these  wanen  and  pirls,  when  the  need 
arises  (in  a  lef^al  sense). 


I  K 

II  B  2  d 
II  B  2  f 
II  D  6 
II  D  7 
II  D  8 
IV 


-  4  - 


(1) 


POLISH 


Dzlennik  Zwlazkov;y>  Mar.  28,  1917. 


^3. 


^4. 


To  make  free  employment  service  available  to  them  and  to  contact 
employers. 

To  gain  admittance  to  hotels  and  restaurants,  where  a  large  ma- 
jority of  these  girls  work,  for  the  purpose  of  extending  moral 
control  and  protection  over  them,  such  control  and  protection 
to  be  in  the  form  of  aT)r)ronriate  lectures  and  evening  school 
classes  in  English  reading  and  writing. 

To  organize  clubs  for  these  women  where  they  can  spend  a  few  hours  each 
week  in  proper  relaxation  and  listen  to  morally  strengthening  lectures,  and 
where  th^y  can  learn  handicraft,  either  for  their  own  use  or  for  use  of 
charitable  institutions. 

'♦In  order  to  make  possible  these  aims,  the  Society  will  arrange  all  kinds  of 
social  events,  bazaars,  and  collections,  and  will  use  the  proceeds  for  the  nec- 
essary expenditures  and  for  erecting  its  oi^m  building.  This  building  vjill  be 


'5. 


Ivi 


I  K 


II 

"3 

2 

d 

II 

B 

2 

f 

II 

D 

6 

II 

D 

7 

II 

D 

8 

IV 

(1) 


-   5   - 


Dzlermik  ZwigLZkovy,  Kar.   28  ^  1917. 


P0LI3?T 


called  ^Protection  of  Uomen/    -^nd  v/ill   constitute  a  social  and 
educational  center   for  all   women   and  rirls  v/ho  may  v/ant  to  take 
advantage  of  it, 

'^Besides  lecture  rooms  and  recreation  halls,   the  building  will  house  the  admin- 
istrative  offices  of  the  society  and  rooms  where  women  and  girls  can  find 
temporary  shelter  in  cases  of  emergency. 

^'For  the  purpose  of  raising  funds   for  the  most  imimediate  necessities,    the  mem- 
bers of  the  Society  have  voluntarily  taxed   themselves  one  dollar   each   as  an 
initiation  fee,   and  v:ill   pay  twenty-five   cents  m.onthly  dues.      They  are  also 
establishing:   a  bock  of  donors,    in  which  even  the   ariallest   contributions  will 
be  recorded. 

^A  list  of  these   contributions  will   also  be  published   In  the  local  pa-oers. 


"13 
so 

o 

CD 

ro 
^^ 
en 


'♦In  conclusion,  it  should  be  added  that  this  Society  is  wholly  nonpartisan  and 


I  K 


-    6  - 


POT.T,'?TT 


Dziennik  ZulazkovAr,   I'ar.   28,   1917. 


II  B  2   d    (1) 

II  3  2  f 

II  r  6 

II   D  7        decires  to  r?ive  help  and  advice  to  all  Polish  wonen,   ref^ardless  of 

II  D  8       their  viev/points,   beliefs,   or  principles. 

IV 

**It  will  gratefully  accept   the  co-cper- tion  and  help,   no  matter  how 
small,   of   every  woman,    rerardless  of  her  social  or  organizational  affiliations. 

''For   this   reason,    in  order  not  to  rive   today's  frathe^in/r  a   semblance  of  parti- 
sanship, we  refrained  from  asking  our  Polish  organizations,  for  a  place  where 
we  could  r'ather^      Instead  we  invited  you,   ladies   and  p'entlemen^    to  the  Polish 
Press  Club,   which   represents  all  our  press,    since  in  this  undertakinp^  v;e 
wanted  to  unite  everybody. 


-cr 


o 


CO 

CD 


♦r'Je  express  our  sincere  thanks  to  the  Polish  Press  Club  for  its  kind  hospitality. 
In  this  kind  and  disintere^-ted  {^esture  we  see  proof  of  the  fact  that  the  press, 
which  in  ever^^  cultural  corjnurlty  in  the  expression  of  public  opinion,  approves 
of  cur  undertaking  and  will  not  fail  to  support  it  with  the  entire  force  of  its 
powerful  influence." 


I  g 

III  B  2 
IV 


POLISH 


Narod  Pol  ski.  Vol.  XXI,  No.  12,   March  21,  1917. 


POLISH  V«fGLIEI.»S  LEAGUE 


^ 


'^.i'.^- 


C-, 


In  Chicago  there  v/as  organized  recently  a  Polish  Women's  League,  whose 
task  is  to  unite  all  Polish  women  for  the  work  in  civic  affairs  and  to 
prepare  them  to  active  service,  and  whenever  siommoned  they  would  be 
ready  for  that  work  not  only  at  the  appeal  of  our  fatherland,  but  also 
at  that  of  cur  assumed  mother,  the  United  States. 

In  its  address  to  the  Polish  women  calling  then  to  the  first  meeting,  the 
Polish  Women's  League  mentioned  that  'Vdthout  flowery  expressions,  without 
empty,  meaningless  prrases,  but  with  the  7/armth  of  true  sincerity  and 
faithfulness  toward  those  who  do  well  towExds  us"  one  has  to  prepare  him- 
self slowly  but  surely  for  work,  "vii  ich  undoubtedly  awaits  all  women  and 
therefore  also  our  Polish  women  over  here. 


This  work  should  mainly  be  dene  under  the  banner  of  the  Red  Cross.  The 

Polish  women  have  comprehended  that  at  a  time  Twhen  the  whole  United 

States  is  preparing  for  the  day  which  is  coming  and  v/ill  come,  the  Polish 

woman  will  not  remain  behind,  but  will  take  active  part  in  these  prepa- 
rations and,  putting  aside  all  previous  prejudices,  stand  under  one 


-  2  - 


Narod  Polski,  Vol.  XXI,  No.  12,  March  21,  1917. 


POL ISH 


standard,  the  Polish  Women* s  League, 


At  the  last  meeting  of  the  Polish  V/omen*  s  League,  which  was  held  at  the 
home  of  the  Polish  Vfomen' s  Alliance,  it  was  resolved  to  prepare  energe- 
tically for  v;ork,  and  namely,  to  conduct  a  six  month*  s  course  in  nursing. 
This  course  will  be  composed  of  lectures  on  hygiene  and  surgery,  conducted 
in  the  Polish  language  as  well  as  in  English  by  Polish  doctors.  The  lecture 
hall  will  be  open  to  all,  and  the  lectures  will  be  given  four  times  a  week 
during  the  afternoons  and  evenings  in  the  Polish  Vtoien' s  Allisuice  Home. 


A  series  of  motions,  which  were  adopted  by  the  Polish  Women's  League  at 
this  meeting,  at  the  suggestion  of  Dr.  W.  A.  Kuflewski,  president  of 
the  Polish  Physicians  Association,  convinces  us  that  the  Polish  Yfomen's 
League  is  p  eparing  for  v/ork  intelligently  and  with  consideration.  We 
believe  that  the  Polish  women  may  count  on  success  in  their  vrork.  Yfe 
believe  that  the  efforts  of  the  P.  W.  L.  will  meet  with  due  recognition 
on  the  part  of  society,  and  the  Polish  organizations  will  not  deny  their 
help,  if  they  will  see  that  this  work  truly  finds  itself  on  a  good  road. 


I  K 
III  B  2 


-  3  - 


Narod  Polski,  Vol.  XXI,  No*  12,  March  21,  1917# 


POLISH 


The  only  thing  to  avoid  are  those  "flowery  expressions  and  empty  phrases*" 
This  work  should  not  be  conducted  in  an  amateurish  way  or  for  sport  because 
as  Dr.  Kuflew^i  plainly  let  it  be  known,  the  action  of  women  devoting 
themselves  to  public  service,  is  no  play,  but  hard,  painstaking  work. 

If  our  women  understand  all  that  which  was  put  together  in  the  ?•  W.  L#,  if 
they  decide  to  proceed  in  the  thought  of  this  pure  advice,  if  they  think 
less  about  the  external  effects  of  their  intentions,  but  will  instead  look 
into  the  depth  of  their  project,  then,  without  doubt,  they  will  achieve 
great  success  in  their  work,  and  in  addition  the  satisfaction  of  fulfill- 
ing tli«ir  duty  towards  themselves,  society  and  our  fatherland. 


I  K 

II  3  2  d  (1) 
II  D  6 

IV 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  I.jir.  20,  1917. 


^FO^ffs  OF  oiR  :;o].2ST 


Yesterday  evening  a  serious  group  of  our  ladies,  to«T,ether  v/ith  representatives  of 
the  ugl3''  sex,  r.iet  at  the  rolis>t  xres3  Club,  2138  Pierce  ^kvenue,  in  order  to 
discuss  v/ith  Ilr.  Virden,  official  of  the  Jtate,  about  obtaining  a  charter  for 
the  newly  orcanizod  Society  for  the  Protection  of  V/omen.  This  society,  which 
v/ill  engage  in  a  xvide  fielO  of  hui.ianitari'in  activities,  v;ill  bend  ever:/  effort 
to  help  poor  girls  and  vjonen  ii.urdnrants  fror.  Poland  in  order  to  save  the:.,  from 
dishonor. 

Lt.  Yirden,  after  learning  of  the  aims  and  purposes  of  the  nev;  society,  pronised 
that  he  v.ould  do  his  beet  to  see  that  an  appropriate  charter  is  granted  the 
society.  He  s-iid  tke  State  v/ould  aid  tliese  noble  efforts. 

Lj7S.  F.  Janiszevjski  was  c -.airman  of  the  neeting.  I.:r3.  Helen  Setmajer  read  a 
discussion  of  the  probleii  in  Polish,  and  Mrs.  ICLarkowski  read  a  discussion  in 
English.  The  discussions  were  conducted  by   :.:rs.  ...ar:>'  Sakov/ski,  Lj?s.  IJagdalene 
liilewski,  LIrs.  A.  Neunian,  and  others.  Among  the  male  speakers  were 


r  o 


I  K 


2 


POLISH 


Dziennik  ^wiazkowy,   liar.   20,   1917  • 


II  B  2  d    (1) 
II  D  6 

IV 

Judge  £•   K.   Jarecki  aiid  Attorney  Ivlarkovjski,      It   should  be  mentioned  that 
representatives  of  all  of  our  publications  vjere  present,   ana  that  th 037-  pronised 
to  discuss  this  matter  vyiidely  in  tiie  press.     We  7;i.il  do  this  in  the  very  near 
future . 


■•«/ 


'~> 


1 
■> 
> 


I  K 


II  3 

2  f 

II  D 

10 

III  B  2 

I  G 

IV 

POLISH 


Dziennik  Z;vla2}:ov;3^,   Feb.   19,    1917. 


TIS  I^.SSILI  OF  POLISH    701.131 


(Editorial) 


The  League  of  Polish  Wo.nion  has  recently  been  organized  in  Chicago  for  the 
purpose  of  uniting  all  Polish  women  in  patriotic  work  and  preparedness  for 
active  service.  All  of  our  Polish  women  are  always  ready  to  serve  and  only 
await  our  country's  ^y^oland*^  call  or  that  of  our  adopted  country,  the  United 
States. 


r- 


-T3 


In  its  appeal  to  the  Polish  v/omen,  exhorting  them  to  attend  its  first  meet- 
ing, the  League  of  Polish  .;omen  emphasized  that'^vithout  flowei^'-  words,  with- 
out empty,  meaningless  phrases,  but  v;ith  the  warmth  of  true  sincerity  and 
lo^ralty  to  those  who  are  kind  to  us"  they  must  slowly  but  surely  prepare  for 


the  work  v;hich  undoubtedly/  all 
face  here  in  America. 


.'/omen,  including  Polish  /.omen,  ;vill  have  to 


-  2  - 


Dziennik  ZwiazkovrT-,  Feb.  19,  1917. 


POLISH 


This  wore  is  to  be  carried  out  in  close  co-operation  with  the  Red 
Cross.     Our  Polish  v/omen  realize  that  at  a  time  when  the  entire 
United  States  is  preparing  Tor  the  day  v/hich  is  corfiing  and  v;hich 
,   it   is  not  fitting  for  the  Polish  v;o:nen  to  lag  behind.     They  nust 
take  an  active  part  in  the  preparations,   and  having  rid  the.^selves  of  all 
superstitions  and  past   disagreenents ,   they  must  ail  rally  around  the  flag  of 
the  League  of  Polish  V/omen. 


will  come 


At  the  last  maetin^  of  the  League  of  Polish  ..'omen,  ivhich  was  held  at  the 
Polish  ;'omen*s  .alliance  Building,  it  v;as  decided  to  get  to  work  energetically 
to  inaugurate  a  six-month  trainin^g  course  Tor  nurses,  v/hich  vdll  consist  of 
lectures  on  hygiene  and  surger^r  conducted  in  both  the  Polish  and  ^inglish  lan- 
guages by  Polish  physicians.  The  lecture  hall  will  be  open  to  all  comers* 
Classes  will  meet  four  times  a  weoK,  both  in  the  afternoons  and  evenings,  at 
the  Polish  ./oman^s  dliance  Building. 


The  League  of  Polish  /omen  passed  a  namjor  of  resolutions  ut  this  meeting 


I  K 


-  3  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwlazlco^vy,   ?eb,   19,   1917  • 


>^  of  Dr.    ./.   Kuf lev/ski,   president  of  the  Polish  lledi- 


II  B  2  f 

II  D  10 

III  B  2 

I  G-     at  the  suggestio: 
rv      cal  Jociety.  This  leads  us  to  believe  that  the  League  is  beginning 

its  work  v7ith  care  and  thought,  and  so  raust  be  counting  on  the  suc- 
cess of  its  undertaking.   ..e  therefore  assume  that  the  efforts  of  the  League 
of  Polish  ./omen  v/ill  receive  the  support  that  they  deserve  from  our  community, 
and  that  Polish  organizations  .vill  not  refuse  thoir  help  ivhe.i  they  see  that 
this  v;ork  actually  is  going  along  on  the  right  road. 


The  probleri  is  to  avoid  these  "flovvery  ;vords  and  empty  rhrases.'*  The  problem 
is  to  keep  this  work  from  becoming  a  pose  and  to  keep  from  carr:7ing  it  out  in 
a  dilettantish  manner,  or  as  recreation.  As  Dr.  TCuflev/ski  clearly  stated, 
"the  activities  of  the  v/omen  v/ho  are  undertaking  public  service  are  not  play 
but  h^ird,  tedious  v/ork." 


If  our  ladies  present  at  the  .r^Loatinf-  of  the  League  of  Polish  vbmen  v;ill 


I  :: 

II  B  2  f 

II  D  10 

III  B  2 
I  G 
IV 


-  4  - 


Dziennik  Zv/iazkovr,^,  Feh.   19,  1917. 


POLISH 


comprehend  this,    if  they  will  proceed  along  tlie  linos  of  this 
good  advice,    if  they  v/ill  think  less  ab  :-ut  the  outv/ard  effects  of 
their  undertaking  and  more  about    trie  basic  idea  of  it,   they  v/ill 
undoubtedly  make  a  great  success  of  their  v/ork,  and  in  addition  v/ill  have 
the  satisfaction  of  knowing  that  they  have  done  their  duty  tov/ard  the:r^elves, 
their  community,   and  their  country. 


-^ 


-T7 


Dzlennik  Zwlazkowy,  Feb.  16,  1917. 


MEETING  OF  THE  LSAGOE  OF  POLISH  WOIffiN 


I  K  POLISH 

II  B  2  f 

II  D  10 

III  B  2 

II  A  1 

III  A 

I  G     The  meeting  of  the  newly  orgemized  League  of  Poll  ah  ^omen  Co-operating 
I  M     with  the  Red  Cross,  held  yesterday  evening  at  the  Polish  Women's 
17     Alliance  Building,  gave  new  eyidence  that  the  patriotic  work  of 

Polish  women  continues  to  progress  and  has  aroused  the  interest  of 
all  the  Polish  women  in  Chicago.  All  the  members  of  the  League  were 
present,  as  well  as  those  women  who  wanted  to  join  the  League.  As  a 
result  the  hall  was  crowded. 

At  the  invitation  of  the  officers  of  the  League,  Dr.  A.  Kuflewski,  president 
of  the  Polish  Medical  Society,  explained  to  the  women  assembled  that  the  work 
vrtiich  they  are  undertaking  to  serve  the  country  is  not  a  pleasant  pastime  but 
hard, tedious  work.  Therefore  it  must  be  treated  seriously.  Dr.  Kuflewski 
submitted  a  very  carefully  worked  out  plan  of  courses  for  ndiich  the  members 
may  enroll  in  order  to  gain  an  elementary  knowledge  of  hygiene  and  surgery. 


o 

?ri 
c:'' 


Dr.  Kuflewski  proposed: 


I  K 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zlwlazkoxvy,  Feb.  16,  1917. 

1)  That  the  ^residents  of  all  the  Polish  or^^anizations  be  soonsors  of  the 
League.   This  would  give  the  Leap;ue  an  assurance  of  its  development  and 
effectual  work; 

2)  That  the  League  be  incorporated  in  accordance  with  the  la^vs  of  the  State 
of  Illinois; 

3)  That  the  Polish  ors^anizations  grant  the  League  regular  financial  support 
to  cover  its  indispensable  expenditures  for  equipment,  uniforms,  etc.; 

4)  That  the  women  and  ^irls,  upon  completion  of  the  hygiene- surgery  course, 
all  wear  the  same  type  of  nurse* s  uniform. 

The  most  important  basic  principles  of  surgery  and  hygiene  will  be  explained 
at  the  lectures.  The  student  will  also  be  given  an  elementary  course  in 
contagious  diseases  and  hospital  orrranization. 


CO 


The  course  will  last  six  months,  vjith  four  classes  a  week.  Upon  completion 


I  K 


-  3  - 


POLISH 


Dzlennlk  Zwlazkowy,  Feb.  16,  1917. 

of  the  course  each  student  will  be  given  a  diploma  which  will  entitle  her  to 
work  at  hospitals  or  base  hospitals,  that  is,  hospitals  behind  the  lines. 

The  courses  are  to  begin  on  March  1.  All  Polish  nurses  should  be  invited  to 
attend  and  the  students  should  work  with  them. 

Dr«  Kuflewski's  proposals,  one  after  the  other,  were  turned  into  motions  which 
were  passed  almost  unanimously.   It  was  therefore  decided  that  (1)  the  officers 
of  the  League  would  see  to  its  incorporation;  (2)  that  the  League  urtll  invite 
the  presidents  of  all  Polish  organizations  to  be  its  sponsors;  (3)  that  one 
type  of  uniform  will  be  used.  A  committee  on  uniforms,  consisting  of  Mnes. 
Koralewski,  Roda,  and  Sluzinski,  will  bring  swatches  to  the  next  meeting. 

All  the  other  proposals  of  Dr.  Kuflewski  were  accepted,  with  the  exception  of 
the  one  requesting  regular  finsuacial  support  from  Polish  organizations.  This 
matter  was  left  for  future  discussion.  In  further  discussions  with  Dr. 
Kuflewski,  the  League  decided  the  following: 


-o 


o 

CJr> 


I  K 


-  4  - 


POLISH 


Dzlennilc  Zwlazkowy,  Feb.  16,  1917. 

The  lectures  will  be  held  at  the  large  hall  of  the  Polish  Women's  Alliance 
Building.  There  will  be  afternoon  and  evening  lectures.  Lectures  will  be 
given  in  both  the  Polish  and  iSnglish  languages.  Only  Polish  physicians  will 
give  the  lectures,  for  which  they  will  receive  no  financial  remuneration. 
All  healthy  women  and  girls  may  enroll  for  the  courses  regardless  of  age. 

The  lecture  hall  will  be  open  to  all  women,  regardless  of  whether  they  are 
members  of  the  League  or  not.  Therefore,  every  woman  may  attend  lectures  on 
hygiene  and  surgery. 

In  conclusion  it  was  decided  that  the  treasurer  of  the  League  post  a  $500 
bond . 

The  next  meeting  of  the  League  will  be  held  next  Friday,  promptly  at  8  P.  M. , 
at  the  xolish  Women's  Alliance  Building.  All  women  and  girls  are  invited  to 
attend. 


-TJ 


o 

ro 
en 


I  K 

III  B  2 
I  G 
IV 


PCL3SH 


Dziennlk  Zwiazkowy,  Feb,  15,  1917. 


TEE  LEAGUE  OF  POLISH  WOMEN 


We  send  this  appeal  to  all  the  Polish  women  in  Chicago  with  the  thought  that 
our  voice  will  not  pass  on  without  an  echo,  that  all  our  sister  Poles  in  whom 
a  sense  of  duty  is  awakened  will  join  us  in  our  civic  work  and  show  that  we 
Polish  women  are  ready  to  answer  the  call  of  our  homeland  with  action,  and  to 
stand  by  for  a  call  from  America  should  the  need  arise.  Therefore,  sisters, 
let  us  get  to  work,  without  flowery  speeches,  without  empty,  meaningless 
phrases,  but  with  sincere  and  genuine  loyalty  for  those  v^o  do  good  to  us. 
Let  us  slowly  but  surely  prepare  ourselves  for  the  work  which  we  must  face 
inevitably  and  which  must  not  find  us  imprepared. 


3> 


ZXi 


Last  Sunday,  February  11,  a  meeting  of  Polish  WDmen  was  held  at  the  Polish 
National  Alliance  Building.  Representatives  of  all  our  organizations  were 
present  as  well  as  other  Polish  women  who  take  an  active  interest  in  social 
work.  A  society  called  the  Legion  of  Polish  Vomen  was  organized,  and  the 


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undersigned  officers  were  elected*  The  officers  were  granted  authority 

to  send  out  this  appeal  and  to  invite  all  Polish  women  affiliated  with  organ- 
-  izations  or  remaining  outside  of  our  organizations  to  come  to  our  mass  meeting, 

which  will  be  held  today,  February  15,  at  8  P,M»,  at  the  Polish  Women's  Alliance 

Building,  All  those  who  want  to  Join  may  do  so  and  take  a  course  in  hospital 

training  given  by  our  physicians  and  surgeons*  Therefore  if  we  waht  to  dem- 
•  oust rate  our  loyalty  to  the  United  States,  let  us  also  be  prepared  in  the 

event  that  our  help  should  be  needed* 


% 


League  of  Polish  Women: 
A*  Emily  Napieralski,  president 
Magdalene  Milewski,  vice-president 
Mary  Osuch,  vice-president 
Antoinette  Baranowski,  vice-president 
Casimira  Obarski,  recording  secretary 
Mary  Sakowski,  financial  secretary 
Anna  Neuman,  treasurer 


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Dzlennik  Zwiazkov/y^  Feb,  12,  1917. 

MASS  l^HLCTIl^G  OF  IKK  V,0Iv2iIN»o  2^.iIL'L^xV£ 
OF  THE  POLISH  lUTION;iL  ALLL'illGE 
Organize  League  Of  Polish  'Jomen  To  Co-operate  V/ith  Red  Cross 


The  raass  meeting  announced  by  the  V/omon's  Auxiliary  of  the  Polish  National  Alii-  ^ 
ance,  for  the  purpose  of  organizing  a  society  to  help  the  Red  Gross  in  huroan-  5 
itarian  v;ork  in  the  event  that  the  United  States  should  enter  the  war,  and  to  S 
train  its  members  in  nursing,  brought  together  a  rather  large  number  of  patriotic^ 
Polish  women.  This  was  an  excellent  example  of  the  fact  that  in  really  important  "^ 
matters  Polish  v;omen,  regardless  of  what  their  organizational  affiliations  are,  .-^ 
can  unite  in  co-operative  v;ork  for  a  common  cause. 


a.> 


It  was  indeed  gratifying  to  see  Polish  women  affiliated  vdth  the  Polish  National 
Alliance,  sitting  beside  members  of  the  Polish  Women's  Alliance,  Polish  Boraan 
Catholic  Union,  and  the  Polish  Alma  l,iater,  in  order  to  discuss  together  v^hat  can 
be  done  to  help  in  the  present  situation  and  how  to  go  about  it. 


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s  Auxiliary  of  the  Polish 


Vjts.   Uary  Sakowski,  president  of  the 

National  Alliance,  presided  at  the  meeting,  v;hich  was  opened  at  about 
3  ?•.!•  She  called  upon  the  city  editor  of  Dziennik  Zv;iazkowy  to  take 
down  the  minutes  of  the  meeting.  The  chairman  frequently  voiced  her  opinion  in 
important  disputes  and  called  upon  the  ladies  present  to  deliver  addresses. 

The  first  spealier  on  the  pro/^.rai.i  was  Dr.  -a.  /Anna/  V^yczolkowski,  /Ph.D^,  who 
in  a  rather  lengthy  speech  not  only  indicated  the  need  of  the  v;omen*s  organizing 
for  v;ar  v;ork,  but  also,  in  a  scholarly  jaanner,  expressed  her  idea  of  v;hat  v;ar 
is,  what  its  causes  are,  and  what  influence  women  have  on  it.  ;7e  regret  that  v/e 
cannot,  for  lack  of  space,  summarize  the  speaker* s  instructive  lecture. 

Relating  to  women's  becoming  organized  for  war  work,  Dr.  Wyczolkowski  stated 
that  the  character  of  the  organization  should  be  humanitarian,  that  the  purpose 
of  the  women* s  society  should  be  to  bring  aid  to  those  v^ho  migiit  need  it  and  not 
to  encourage  war  hysteria. 


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Elementary  traininp,  in  hyp.iene  and  nursing  are,  in  the  opinion  of  the 
speaker,  one  of  the  most  important  needs  of  our  community,  regardless 
of  whether  we  enter  the  v;ar  or  not.  The  speaker  had  contacted,  in 
the  matter  of  arranging  appropriate  courses,  the  follov/ing  Polish  doctors:  Dr. 
^5^7"  Tabenski,  Dr.  /p^ry  oJJ  Kaczorowski,  and  others.  They  all  declared  that 
if  a  sufficient  number  of  v/omen  and  pirls,  eager  to  learn  and  having  a  sense  of 
<iuty,  get  together,  they  vjould  be  glad  to  offer  their  services.  They  advised, 
however,  that  before  taking  any  definite  steps  an  appropriate  commission  be 
delegated  to  contact  the  Polish  L'edical  Society  for  the  purpose  of  working  out'  « 
definite  plans. 

Ltrs.  /CasimiraT'  Obarski,  honorary''  vice-president  of  the  Polish  National  Alliance, 
gave  a  touching  expression,  in  her  speech,  to  the  fact  that  the  country  which 
accepted  us  wanderers  and  permitted  us  to  enjoy  the  liberty  which  was  torn  axvay 
from  MS   in  our  ovm  country  deserves  the  gratitude  of  the  Polish  women. 

Dr.  /Uairj  oJJ  Kaczorowski,  /Tl.D^,  v;ho  spoke  next,  supported  the  idea  of  the 


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Polish  v;oinen*s  organizing  for  the  purpose  of  bringing  help  to  those  who 
need  it.  She  placed  particular  emphasis  on  the  fact  that  the  v;ork  of 
the  Polish  women  should  take  on  a  cosmopolitan  character,  because  "one 
should  do  good  to  everybody."  ohe  also  called  attention  to  the  great  need  of  a 
knowledge  of  hygiene.   "V/omen,"  she  said,  '*who  acquire  a  knov/ledge  of  hygiene 
will  be  able  to  v;ork  effectively  for  the  country,  and  for  their  families  and 
neighbors  as  xvell.  Such  women  v;ill  leave  behind  them  the  memory  that  they  did 
not  live  in  vain."  The  speaker,  in  conclusion,  suggested  that  the  plans  of  the 
Polish  ;vomen  be  published  in  both  the  Polish  and  English  languages. 

I^s.  /UeiTv/  Osuch,  called  upon  to  speak,  declcired  that  she  v/holly  agreed  v;ith 
the  ideas  of  the  preceding  speakers. 

I/Irs.  /Sina/  Neuman,  president  of  the  Polish  V/oitien^s  Alliance,  declared  in  the 
next  speech  that  the  idea  suggested  by  the  Women's  Auzciliary  of  the  Polish  Na- 
tional Alliance  meets  v.lth  the  support  of  her  organization;  that  in  her  organ- 
ization Polish  women  also  are  considering  how  best  to  help  those  7;ho  are  fighting 


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to  defend  ^\jaerica*s  honor*     The  Polish  'Vonen^s  Alliance — in  the  v;ords 
of  the   speaker — vjill  work  top;ether  v;ith  the  '■/omen's  Auxiliary  of  the 
Polish  National  Mliance. 


Mrs,   IvL  /Ivlagdalene/  Llilev/ski  delivered  an  inspiring  address.     Her  ;vords,   full  of 
patriotic  zeal,   encouraged  immediate  action  to  aid  our  adopted  country. 


"^;/e  do  not  v;ant  v/ar,"  said  the  speaker,    "but  v;hen  v/ar  is  inevitable,  when  human- 
ity's greatest  enem^'-,   who  has  oppressed  Poland  for  more  than  a  century,   reaches 
out  lOr  this  country,  where  v/e  have  found  freedom  and  protection,   it  is  our  duty 
to  pay  our  debt  of  gratitude." 

At  LiTs.   Llilewski's  suggestion,  a  resolution  committee  was  appointed,    composed 
of  the  following:   Dr.  V/yczolkovjski ,  Miss  ^lil^  Napieralski,  IJjxs.  M.  Llilewski, 
Osuch,   K.   Obarski. 


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was  taken  up.   LIrs.  Li.  3akov;ski  received  the  first  nomination  for 
president,  which  nomination  was  seconded  unanimously.  Itrs.  Sakowski, 
nevertheless,  refused  to  run  for  the  office,  stating  that  she  wished 
that  this  office  be  given  to  one  of  the  ladies  froia  one  of  the  other  organiza- 
tions, in  order  to  bring  about  greater  interorganizational  co-operation.  Thei*e- 
fore,  Ivliss  ~£.   Kapieralski,  secretary  of  the  Polish  './omen's  Alliance,  was  unani- 


mously elected.  The  results  of  the  electioUiT*  for  other  offices  were  a 


nc! 


follov;s 


— vice-presidents:   Llrs.   Ll.   Llilev/ski,   of  the  V/omen's  Auxiliary  of  the  Polish 
National  Alliance;   Llrs.   Osuch,   of   the  Polish  Roman  Catholic  Union;   and  Lirs. 
Baranowski,   of  the  Polish  Alma  Liater;   secretaries:   Llrs.   K.   Obarski;    (recording) 
and  M.   Sakov/ski;    (financial);   treasurer:   IJrs.  Neuman,   president  of  the 
Auxiliary  of  the  Polish  National  iilliance. 


'Vomen  *  s 


-o 


..J 


The  following  were  appointed  to  the  auxiliary  committee:  Bucholc,   Zebal,   Delatur, 
L^cha,  IJ.  Kuflev;ski,   H.   Jezierski,   and  I^isses  V/.   Ghodzinski,  Palasz,   Czuj,    J. 
V/roblewski,  I.I.   L^sliwiec,  L.   Divorzycki,   and  Ulatowski. 

The  subject  of  an  appropriate  name  for  the  organization  and  the  matter  of  dues 


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called  forth  a  rather  lengthy  discussion.  The  final  results  achieved 
were  as  follov;s: 


The  society  v;ill  be  called  The  Learue  of  Polish  V/onen  Go-operating  with  the 
Red  Gross.  The  dues  for  members  are  insiifjnif icant,  amounting  only  to  five 
cents  per  month.  Such  small  dues  vjere  decided  upon  for  the  purpose  of  getting 
as  many  iiiembers  as  possible.  NeverthelOoS,  each  member  can  give  as  much  as 
she  sees  fit. 


TO 


■s^ 


Vxs.   Neuman  and  I.2rs.  L2Llev;ski  set  the  example  by  stating  that  they  would  each 
contribute  one  dollar  Der  month. 


After  a  fexv  more  matters  had  been  attended  to,  the  meeting  was  adjourned  with 
the  sin^^ing  of  national  anthem.s. 

The  Society  of  Polish  women,  havin,;:  the  above-];ientioned  ai.iis,  is  nov;  an  estab- 
lished fact.  Members  who  have  joined  this  society  have  vov/ed  to  work  in 


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accordance  v;ith  their  strength  cind  ability,  counting  on  the  support  of 
all  the  Polish  v/orien  in  Chicago.   It  is   therefore  the  duty  of  all  Polish 
v;onen  v;ho  have  not  yet  cone  so   to  join  at  once  the  Lear,ue  of  i-olish 
V/oi/ien  Co-operatinr,  V/ith  the  Red   Cross,  ^ill  Polish  v;onen  vmori  circumstances  pre- 
vent from  joininr'T  the  ornanization  ^i.hould  remember  that  they  can  do  a  c^eat  deal 
of  good  by  r.ivin-  the  members  of  the  Lea;;ue  thtir  f iniincial  and  moral  support. 
The  Poll  oh  press,  v;hich  leads  in  the  support  of  patriotic  activities  of  the  Po- 
ll sh-iuneri  cans,  is  asked  to  support  the  v;ork  ani  noble  aims  of  the  League  of 
Polish  '.7omen. 

At  tlie  mass  moetinc  called  toc^ther  by  the  V/omen^s  Auxiliary  of  the  Polish  Na- 
tional /J.liance  and  representatives  of  other  Polish  orranizations  of  Chicago, 
it  v;as  decided  that  all  Polish  v;oi.:en,  re.;ardless  of  v;hat  orr,anization,  if  any, 
they  belong  to,  and  in  general  all  Polish"  v;o:.ien  remaining  outside  of  our  polish 
organizations,  should  unite  at  the  present  time  in  order  to  prepare  for  the  pro- 
per fulfillment  of  their  civic  an.i  humanitarian  duties  in  the  event  that  v;e 
should  be  involved  in  the  v.ar. 


I) 


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Since  for  v;ork  of  this  sort  willinr.noGS,  u  r;reat  deal  of  ^,ood  v/ill, 
cenero3ity,  ane.  sacrifice  are  absolutely  necessary,  it  has  been  decided 
that  a  pen..anent  vjoiien*s  organization  be  foriiied  under  naiae  of  The 
League  of  Polish  IVoiaen,  v;hose  purpose  7;ill  be  to  tr^'-  to  train  croups  of  Polish 
vjomen,  Vv'ho  could  help  not  only  at  hone  but  on  the  battlefields,  as  circumstances 
may  derr.anc. 

It  has  also  been  decided  to  contact  our  most  influential  Polish  immigrants  and 
physicians  in  order  to  ash  then  for  theoretical  and  practical  advice  in  all 
branches  of  first  aid  and  trained  hospital  assistance. 

3y  proceeding  thus,.v;e  serve  the  cause  of  society,  shov:  the  United  States  our 
fidelity  and  loyalty,  and  the  President  of  the  ^,reatest  and  most  noble  republic 
our  gratitude  for  his  support  of  the  Polish  cause,  and  by  uniting  with  all 
i\merican  citizens  we  express  a  coi?u:iunity  of  ideas  and  aims,  as  well  as  love  for 
the  United  States, 


S 


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V/e  declare  in  the  name  of  all  those  present  at  the  meeting  that  what- 
ever  happens  we  Polish  women  v;ill  loyally  stand  behind  the  decisions 
of  our  leader  and  President  and  will  go  along  xvith  our  President  and 
the  American  people  as  becomes  citizens  of  the  United  States. 

Dr.  Llary  0.  Kaczorov;ski 
A.  i^mily  Hapieralski 
I.Iaf;dalene  Milev;ski 
L'Sary  Osuch 
Casimira  Obarski 


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Dziennlk  Zwiazkowy,  Feb.  9,  1917. 
APPEAL  TO  ALL  POLISH  V/OMEN 


Sister  Poles  I 


Loyal  to  and  imbued  with  an  ardent  love  for  our  unhappy  country,  Poland,  we 
have  at  the  same  time  obligations  of  gratitude  toward  the  magnificent,  free, 
and  independent  land  of  America.  Some  of  us  have  cone  here  exiled  from  OTir 
native  land  by  the  might  of  our  enemies;  others  of  us  were  bom  in  America, 
but  all  of  us  have  found  liberty,  protection,  and  bread  here.  The  powerful 
United  States  is,  therefore,  as  another  homeland  to  us. 

The  time  is  coming  when  America  v/ill  demand  of  its  citizens  proof  of  their 
love  and  affection.  In  order  that  this  moment  may  not  find  these  citizens 
unprepared,  American  women  are  organizing  committees  in  order  to  help  the 
country. 


<^  > 


v;e  Polish  women  who  owe  America  a  debt  of  gratitude  must  not  withdraw  from 


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serving  the  natiorx,  but  should  stand  ready  to  v;orIc  together  v/ith 
the  dauchters  of  this  count ly. 


Let  us  follov;  the  shininc  exexiples  of  our  Polish  heroes,  uho  c^nerously  shed 
their  blood  in  defense  of  /jnerica's  ri  :ht  to  freedom. 

For  this  purpose,  the  '..'oinen^s  Auxiliary  of  the  Polish  National  Alliance  is 
hereby  convokinG  ^  {;:eneral  mass  rieetinc  for  Sunday,  Februar^,^  11,  at  2  P.  i:,, 
at  the  Polish  National  Alliance  Buildinc,  1405-08  /est  Division  Street,  to 
v:hich  it  cordially  invites  all  Polish  v/orrien,  rocardless  of  x:hat  orcanizations 
they  belonr-  to,  in  order  to  discuss  the  problem  tocother  and  to  organize  a 
service  conjaittee.  In  this  v;ay  v;e  v/ill  express  honorably  and  fittingly  the 
feelings  v;e  have  for  the  people  and  the  country,  v/hose  representative 
President  '.Tilson  announced  before  the  v/hole  world  tliat  Poland  should  be 
united,  free,  and  autonomous. 


f — - 


Evei*:^''  Polish  v;oman  v/ho  is  a  loyal  /unerican  citizen  is  obliged  to  attend  this 


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mass  meetinr:. 


For  the  'Tomen^s  Auxiliary  of  the  Polish 
National  Alliance: 

Llary  3alcov;ski,  president 
Llardalene  I.Iilewski,  vice-president 
Jane  Dunin,   secretai^^ 
Ivlar^'-  Liajev/ski,   treasurer. 


r 


POLISH 


Karod  I-olsVi,  Vol>  X^,  H^  •  40,  Qrt.   4,  1916* 

PO^IS^   •r^^-ni.   Ti,  PCi.ITIOS 

0 

The  result   fron    general    calculatl-^ns    "^  s  -^^-^--^-^   in  the   entire   CcoV  Poimty 
there  a^^e  not  mo>-e  than  1^5,000  Polish    v.  men  v;ho  vote,    and    over   25,000 
have  the   ri^ht  to  vote,  Polish  v/onen  fron  princiDle  do  not   care   to  mix 
in  politics,   becp^so  the^^  consider  this   matter  a«q  belon^inr'*  to  men. 
This   is   a  v/ron^  arrrumentation  and   throu.^h  this  v/e   suffer  very  much  in 
politics  9nH  mo-r'e   than  on^e   .^'^  m^  "oli?^h   candidate   loses   becavise   of 
the  lack   of  women's  votes. 


The  American  vnmen  understand  this  matter,   altc^eth'^^r  -Ufferently, 
becaus'^  they  in"''^rest   tliejar^elves   vcr;'''  often  much  more   in  r.oliti  cal 
li^e,    "ii^.n  r]en  and    in  man'"'  instances   deci-ie   in  the   election  of  a   ^iven 
eon^^idate,   vSuch  an    'n'^^nce   occurred  durin'^  t^e   la«;t   T-)r»i7ng.rT  ^  ?^    in  the 
?5th  v/aM,  v/her     ov^r  10, QvOQ  women  took  part   in  the   ^n+-.in^%   This    is 
an  extraordinary  consi-^^erable   fi'^ure,  wlien  10,000  votes  decides  the 
difference  betvreen  victor^'-  and    defeat    of  a   ^iven   candidate  ^n   "^-^ok 
County,    Tha.t   10,000  women's  '^ot'^^s   ^ell    'n  considerable   majority  on 
candidates  running*  for  the  office  of   sar- itary  trustees   and    just  on 


■.^M 


W*<—.Wrt   II    IIP    I 


Narod  PolskS  Vol.   XX,  l]r^.  40,    Oct.   4,    1916 


POLISH 


acoount   of  th^  t  our   candidate  for    sanitnr''  trustee,   ulr.   Joseph  Hus::- 
kie\7icz,    i-  third   on  the  Democ-atio  ballot   relativ-   to    the  number  of 
votes  received,    an^l    h^    shoul'^   have  been   seconi    1^    '^he  loTish  Yroi-ien  had 
talcen  nart  in  the  rri:!iarTer.    A '^  yo^   -^roi^r  s^-^lf   surmise,   "vvonen  of    other 
nationalities   do  n^t  look  "vvi  th  kindly  eyes   uron  the   Polish   candidates 
'-nd    ri-^"^  th'^ir  votes  to  their-  <r:jn  candid*^. tes. 

In  the    coniin":   Hovember  eler^tion  we  must   conbine  our    strength,    if  we 
should   ele-^t   our    Polish  candidates,   y^-rr^ir^  Polish  vo'-e  v/ill   be  needed 
for  victorv  and    rpf^^^'e  all  v/e  must    stri'^e  that   as   tiiany  Polish  v/omen 
as  -possible    should   cas''   thei"^   vote,    sc    that   ev^n  -tartly  we   could 
equalize   the   votes   of  women  of  oth^r  nationa!^ities. 

'^emeinbe>'  th^-^t   Satur^U^'  October   7  will   be  a   reristr^a'-inn  day.   Let   then 
th^  husbands    in^rite  their  wi^'^'^s,    the  mothers   thf^ir   da  :^h"^ers,    the 
relatives   their   friends    to  register   on  October   ?• 


-  3  - 


POLISH 


liarod  Polsld,  Vol.  XX,  ho.  40,  Oct*  4,  191c. 


Thrs  will  not  ta>e  n-^  mnoh  of  ^^our  ti^^e,  and  vou  "will  contribute  ^-reatly 
toward  the  Polish  cf^nse,  because  yen  vnll  help  vn.th   vour  votes  to  elect 
Mr,  Joserh  ^us^^k^'eivlcz  sanitary  tnistee,  Mr*  Tr.    T#  DankowsVi  municipal 
,iud'J'e  and  other  Polish  condii-'^tes,  L^t   on  the  7th  d'^y  of  October  be 
re-^eated  a-^f^in  the  v/^itchword:  "Let  us  all  re^-'isterl" 


wimm 


•m  ^P 


■■^j.'" 


I  K 

II  E  3 
I  C 


A   3::iall   nu:.V,  cr   of   iolic::  ^7c:.xn  cui-i   youn;-  v/cr.^^n  ir^-M  ti  .e   zo 


t  inie 


V.  /•,  r  ,1  - 


■^^ 


bco':    m   tnei.*   ric-nas    s 


1  n 


Tor 


!'ncv;lo'.3'^'?.    T 


>■•  f  • 


r»  p,  f»  <=>  '  -  r 


V_/  X    -fc    '■.»'     V     V  '.     -       w  * 

voiiecl. 


4- 


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,    4- 


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n/-v     ^-»      ^     •-*      ^»  " 


4->^T    t. 


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,  '^        .^^  1.  i  -•'        .      ^.   .  ^  J.      ,  -•  ^  ^  .  .   X.    .  i      -   .!     .    -  -  -  .   -*         ^       ,     _    X   ^   w    w   ^ 

Gcariblc  ;;;.crson  -dll  ;[rr--l^^.  Jor  It  iz   better  tb-.t  =:'.  -;c^n-.n  ooc-;^;, 
;r;Oinon';c  v'it^  th^i  re»^'.clin^  oT  ^o^d  ucc]:n:  ';'  '-m  'ro  -^cr:::!;^  vlth  a  neighbor. 


N^  '^  ■ 


ri 


O" 


bnfortiinr^toly,  ^crv^ver,   c^    '^cn;^!  iorable  }.ortl--   l  of   onr   Polish  woinen  read 
VAnsuit3ble  books,    '^jent:;   ci'    ;'.ri:j'^!>    Jo/risb   rir-:n5   visit  Poli-^h  h;.r;ies 
and   sell   books    oontalnin^   ctories   rniblished    in  r'^:.rt^   v-rhich,    sw^'ose'-V-^ 


J-     J-^   ,  J    ■    ,- 


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i:a  roci  Polski,  Vol,  :a.   No.    33,   Sept.    2^0,   1916. 

There  sire  books   for  diversion  aii    for  lec.rfiin^.   V/hy  then  read   scan- 
dalous nonsense,  'Thich  is    of  no  lu^eful   value  3.nd   [^ives  you  no   satis- 
faction?   lb    is  hirl;  ti;c   for  Polish  -jonon   to   start  a  v^^^.r  on  such 
useles^B  ten  cent  ro;:iances, 

',7e  Polish  vronen  should  endeavor  to    read  as  :;;iany  books   as  v;e   can,   but 
r:ood  books,   not  iioral   rot:enrie5s   and   Imbecilities. 

particularly,    vou  Polish  mothers   should  vn^tch  v/n:it  k  nd  of   books   yo'Jir 
daufrhters    are   readin-;:.    Thousands  of  ^rirls    have  already  fallen  over  a 
precipice   thanks  to  readi  :ir   criminal   romances   in   ten  cent   story  books. 
Do  you  vvlsh  your  dau;_:hter  to   go   the  sa-ne  v/ay?  A  young  c.ni  inexperienced 
mind  rraps   everythin.     it    comer,   in  co-^tact  v/ith  and   ta!:es  it    for   (rood. 
Therefore  you  have  to  v:atch  it    so  that    it    talces   only  that  v/hich   is 
useful. 


( 


^SM 


Very  often  tie   .p;irls   read  about    different  i\''omen  of   the   streets  v.'iio  after' 
v;ards  became    "countesses."   They  jud^e  that   in  the   life  of   these   dime 


Karod  Polskl,  Vol 


:u 


5 


7T  -. 


Sept.    20,    191d* 


,«^ 


v: 


novels,    5  aae    {;;TO^.t  millionaire  '.vill   Tall   in  love  vrith   caem  i.nd  taey 
-.Tii;:  be   co:r.e   rich  iMdiec   forever  after,  llany  a  ruffian  can  be   found 
pretendin,^-  he   is   so:ie  important  r.ian,  vrho  would   stop  at  nothinr.   IIcv/ 
jnB.ivr  vronen  had  things  upset   in  their  heads   due   to  these   c  I  e  novels': 
How  many  marriares  have   oecn  broken  up  for    this  reascn? 


ojf 


P.eineTiber ,   a   ^.-ocd  book  is  a  man's  best    friend;    a  bad  book,    his   greatest 
enenv#   Let  us   do  av/ay  -vithi  ten   cent  roirxinces    sold    bo  us  by  our  enexriiesl 


Dzieaaik  Zv/iazkovc^,   Jan.    15,    1915 • 

T.";0  T.IG  D.:T3  fch  pcljid 


I  K  P0LI3II 

II  D  10 

III  B  2 
III  H 
I  G 
IV 

Representatives  of  all  Polir.h  wonen^s  orcaniz^tion^,   as  v;ell  as  all 
Polish  xvorien  v/ho  occupy  a  pr-jMlnent  position  in  the  national  niovement,   raet 
on  Januar:''  14,   1915,  at  tlie  Polish  National  .dlianoe  Rail,     Anong  the  more 
ou'tstandin.^:  laaders  present  at  this  ra-jetin;'  v;ere  Llrs.   /^Jina  ITeuiiann, 
Liiss  -^mily  Mapi^ralski,   and  Ijs.  Lucille  "..olov/ski,  president,    secretary  and 
treasurer,   respectively  of  the  Polish  Jonen^s  alliance;   Llrs.  li^rie  Csuch, 
and  Llrs.  Frances  Gzata,   vice-president  and  director  respectively  of  the 
Polish  Pwomm  Gat-iolic  Union;   I.Irs.  Obarslci ,  llrs,  oakorski,   and  llrs.   ./. 
Ghodzinska,   of  the  Polish  national  ^-.lliance;   I.ts.  Lillian  IZadov^,  of  the 
Polish    .elf are  Jocioty;   llrs.   Victoria  SzyjxuLr.jii,   Lirs.  F.   Danlcov;ski,  lirs.   Llartha 
Petkov/ski,   and  la^s.    /.   'ileklinski,   of  the  Polish   .*omen^=5  Centr-il  Jociety; 
llrs.    i/.   Danisch,  Lj?s.  P'arriet  ^nulski,   ij?s.   liosalie  Kwasici'och,   I.rs.  .-''nes 
IIe]\rin*;:,  Llrs.  Harriet  Fritsch,  Llrs.   Pearl  I3yniev';iC2,   Lj?s.   /v.  Hibnor,  Lxs.  ^ 
Busch,  lJrs..Valnrie  Perlov.ski,  Llrs.  Helen   ietrnajer,   und  ^j?s.    Glara  Pluciriski, 
of   tne  relish  i^'alcons  -alliance;   Lj:'s.    Josephine  .jembal,   L.rs.   Liaf^ialene  Llilev/ski, 


-a 


1 


J 


II  D  10 

III  B  2 
III  H 

I  G 
IV 


—  o  — 


Dziennik  . Jv7i& zkov/y ,   Jan.  15,    1915. 


POLISH 


and  lirs.  Jeanette  Dimin,  editor  of  the  Polish  newspaper  Dziennik 
Zwiazkovc^;  I.Irs,  Helen  Jzyinanski,  and  i^rs.  ^idelle  Ryll. 


The  Foresters'  or{:anization  was  repres  nted  b^''  ilrs.  .^nna  Korzeniewski.  'There 
v/ere  also  numerous  women  delegates  from  branches  of  the  Polish  National 
.".llianoe  and  from  the  Polish  ..omen's  /J.liance.  In  short,  it  is  estimated 
that  about  two  hundred  prominent  Polish  women  were  present  at  the  meeting* 

ethers  i^rosent  v/ere  I'x.   /^ljjT"  I^^jcv;r>ki,  -  r.  Orlov/ski,  and  Llr.  Graczykowski, 
president,  secretary,  and  treasurer,  respectively,  of  the  Central  '^r.   Day 
GomMittee;  I.^r*  J.  P.  l:izyi.ianski ,  prosiaent  of  tlje  I'oly   Trinity  Parish  branch 
of  the  Polish  National  -alliance;  Ix.   ^>tanloy  Lesnor,  of  the  Jt.  ..dalbert 
larish  branch;  ^r.  ^^^7"  Poruczek,  of  the  Jt.  -.edwi.^^  iarish  branc]i;  and 
Llr.  Joiin  ?.  omulski,  chainxm  of  the  board  of  directors  of  the  Ilorthv/est 
Javinps  Bank. 


"O 


CD 

CO 

cr:» 


r  ■  ■» 


.fter  a  cordial  Greeting  by  Llr.  Lixjewski,  pre:>llerin  of  tiio  Central  Ta^  ^7 


-  3  - 


PCI  131 1 


Dzieanik  .^/iazko'iw,    Jan.   15,   1915, 


I  K 

II  D  10 

III  3  2 

III  H 

I  'j-  Cloroi.ii^.tao,    tlie  oloation  of  officers  follov7t3d  and  Urs.  'Harriot 

IV  Jirmlslci  '.vas  tie  im-rninous  choice  for  tho  presidency,     iouia  lleuroan, 
I.Iarie  Osuch,  krs.  Obarski,   I.J73.   Chodzin^Gci,  and  Victoria  ozymcinski 

v/ere  elected  vice-prosident-;    Lj^s.   J.   iXinin  v;as  elocood  Gocretary, 


The  follov/inc  vjonen  v;er:3  naned  meiaber:3  of  tho  coniiitt'os:  I.Irs.  J, 
-ilvelyn  liibnor,  \',.  oakov/r.kl,  .,,  Janiscii,  h,  jrit.sCfL,  Czaja,  Roth,  . 
A,  ilehrin::,    .-..  Piibn^r,    j^.   i lap i oral.sk i,    ind  Gorscki. 


oimilski , 
idelle  lyll, 


'.ft  .r  a  laHc^thy  but   intaro.stinf*  di30us.sif")n,   the    -atheriac  decided  unaairioufily 
to   oond  tlie  follov/inp;  plea  to  all  Polish  v/omen  in  .-ariGrioa: 

'Vol  A-npeal  to  lolirdi    .'onon 

"T!i3  horrible  nei;s  tliat   r^^achos  us   from  the   fields  of  old  Poland,   'vtiore  battles 
h:?.vo  bren  ra^^in::  for  the  past  .sev^jral  roontlis,   fills  our  hearts  v'ith  indescrib- 
able an^juish.     It  has  bocotne  almost   iraposr.iblo   to   read  the  nevjspapers  because 


1:. 


II  D  10 
III 

III  II 

I  a 

IV 


_    A    _ 


PC 


Li; 


Jj 


■l^r 


111-  o"n 


Dzjenni ic  '  •vaazkovy >   Jan.   1-,   lOlo. 

of   30  msn:''  touchin;:  detail.^   that  toll  of  the   thour>'.in.is  of  our 
brethren  v7ho  hove  pori3ho(l  in  battle,   of  the  tans  of  t;iour?anis  of 
v/ounde'l,   of  our  iolisli  pcr;5a'itr^'  dyinr;  of  hun  -or,  of  infants  slox-;!/ 
the  Lny-.  of  t^  eir  desT)airin"  Motliers  becaur>e  of  lack  of  milk  and 
otlier  immediate  necessities  of  life. 

"IIov;  that  ^ve  have   succe  ded   in  obtainia  •  a  perrd^.   t?roM  the  iii^iyor  of  Chica/^ 
to  conduct  t"i70  taf:  da'^s  on  J-iiiuary  *.'3  and  24-  in  order  to   coll".tCt   contribu- 
tirvas  fro  1  :ionen  trirour-jiout  the  entire  city  for  the  relief  of  our  bretliren, 
for  the  reliabilation  of  tiie  ruined  hones  of  our  people  abroad,   to  (xvy  tlie 
tears  of  the  un.Lor:variate,  i/e   sliould  '^ot  to  vx^rk  ane^r /jtically,   appearing  in 
lar:-e  niuibers  on  the  tar-  davs  and   ^nvin -  our  best   efforts   to   this  v/ortliy 
and  honorable  cause. 


3> 


—•;  \ 


V  - 


";.e  therefore  call  upon  yoa,  Polish  v/oiaen,    to  f or  *et  your  personr:.l  differences 
and  arf^uinents;   v/e  ur.:e  you  to   stand  topiotlior  in  peaceful,   mutual,   and  dili-^ent 


vjork . 


I  z 

II  D  10 

III  B  2 
III  K 

I  G 
IV 


-  5  - 


POLISH 


Dziemiik  ^viiazkoMy ,   Jan.  IS,  191:3, 


consider 
and  circ 


"Ilun.'-or  and  death  do  not  uintln:aiisii  betv^een  their  victlns  in  our 
riTotherland;  conr^equently,  neither  should  i;e  no\;  have  differences 
v/hen  our  national  vjork  is  concerned*  Jvery  Polish  v:ornan  should 
it  an  honor  to  do  her  part  in  collect in^^  contributions,  if  health 
i;ist'inces  pemit  her  to  do  so. 

"iJ.1  rii:-ht-thinlcinc!:  Tolish  v;onen  arc  urced  to  enroll  at  the  Polish  ..onen^s 
:.lliance,  the  Polish  './omen^s  Central  oocioty,  the  neic-iborhood  coiiiittees, 
or  the  Central  Tag  Day  Gom.  ittee, 

"Special  announcerients  will  direct  3^ou  to  the  addresses,  and  a  cood  heart 
vjill  direct  ^''ou  to  then  i^iediatr^ly,  dear  sisters. 

"Let  us  not  request  crjat  for^iialih  i.es  in  invitations.  The  miser:^  of  our 
brethren  ber-s  for  a  little  effort  and  civic  zeal  on  our  part,  and  that  for 
only  two  days.  Let  us  stand  as  a  brave  Polirdi  ariny  on  these  two  days,  and 
and  contribute  our  sliare  in  alleviating:  the  misery  and  sorrow  of  our  brethren 


I  E 


-    6  - 


P0LI3!! 


Dt^ienni]:  .Twiazkov.y ,   Jan,   15,   1915, 


.    II  D  10 

III  3  2 
III  H 

I  G  in  Poland  anci  thus  be  inr.t c'lLMeyital  in  our  niotherl-ini's  resurrection, 

»   IV 

Harriet  ':3mulski,   president  ox   the  folish  ..'Omen's  Gonnitteo 


*inna  lleumann,   -oreoident  ot*  the  Polich  ..omen^s  ..llinnce  ^ 

-S 

Victoria  ozyrnanski,   vice-president  of  the  Polish  i.omen^s  Centr.i.l  Jociety      ^ 
Ihrie  Osuch,   vice-pr'jsident  of  the  Polish  Ronan  Catholic  Union  ^J? 


Jeannotte  Dunin,  secretary" 


I  K 
IV 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy.  Oct.  12,  1914. 

BtPORTANT  TO  ^VOMEN  CITIZENS 
/Appeal  to  Polish  Women/ 

According  to  the  decision  of  County  Judge  Owens,  women  can  now  vote  for 
county  commissioners  in  addition  to  candidates  for  which  the  right  to 
vote  has  already  been  granted  them. 

Polish  women,  let  us  not  disregard  this  privilege.  Let  us  take  advantage 
of  this  law  to  show  that  Polish  women  are  intelligent  and  understand  the 
advantages  to  be  gained  by  voting.  It  should  be  especially  important  to 
us  Polish  women  to  help  our  brother  Poles  in  every  way  possible  to  elect 
capable  candidates,  candidates  having  the  best  possible  qualifications 
for  specific  offices. 

Therefore,  Polish  women,  do  not  fail  to  register  on  Tuesday,  October  13. 
Prove  that  you  understand  your  duties  as  citizens  as  well  as  your  national 
duties. 


Respectfully, 
Anna  Neuman 
Emily  Napieralski 


•r-T-^s**. 


I  K 
I  F  2 

IV 


Dz i  eruii k  ^I'/iaz -co'.-.  y , 


:iov.    -1,   1913. 


roi.i:::  ::c: 


,k*  .1     V 


iU.--. 


^ 


27tli  ^."AI?!) 


A  noetins  v;as  c^llec  yesterday  at  Ilarliicv.icz  hall,  Central  Park  A^'^e.  and  V.'olfran 
St.,  "by  the  v:o::ien  residing  ii.  t::e  "7th  Trard,  to  discuss  their  part  in  the  comiriG 
Llimicipal  election.  The  speahers  on  the  r;o:;:en  suffrage  were;  /'jithony  Gzamecki, 
election  comnissioner;  Luavrik  Pinderski,  noted  lav;yer;  ...rs^  Clara  Plucinski,  and 
Xrs.   S»  Kobylanski. 

To  the  propaganda  cor-r^.ittee  \*:ere  elected:    I.Irs.   Clara  Plucinski,    president;   LIrs. 
3m  Aobylanski,    vice-president,    and  I.lrs.   3.  hov;ak,    secretary. 

A  series  of  Meetings  to  popularize  the  v;onen's  cause  v:ill  b3  arranged  and  all 
the  present  ne.iibers  are  requested  to  carry  the  ^-ood  nev/s  of  vvoirien's  sulfra.^e  to 
every  vrorrian  living'   in  the  27th  v;ard. 


The  next  nieetinr  'vvill  be  held  on  Dec,   1th  at   the   sa:.:e  hall. 


^u 


• 

* " 

t 

I  K 

A 

I  B  3  b 

III  B  2 

III  A 

POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  Nov,   21,  1911 


k^CH  DSPEtJDS  UPON  POLISH  V/OI^T 


(Editorial) 

The  priestess  of  the  home  fires,  the  guiding  angel,  the  guardian  of  the  purest 
virtues  which  every  Pole  should  possess,  the  inculcator  of  the  true  national 
ideal,  the  defender  of  the  Polish  language,  traditions,  and  customs,  and  of 
clean  Polish  habits — such  is  every  good  wife  and  mother  to  her  family.  Many 
examples  in  the  history  of  our  homeland  prove  that  the  burden  of  keeping  bright 
the  torch  of  love  for  the  homeland,  so  that  it  would  always  bum  in  our  hearts, 
has  rested  mainly  on  our  Polish  women. 


Tie  fathers  girded  the  great  Polish  knights  and  heroes  for  war  with  the  enemy, 
taught  them  to  ride,  to  fight  with  sx'tford,  ax,  or  lance,  and  hardened  their 
bodies  with  camp  life;  but  the  mothers  taught  their  sons  a  sense  of  duty,  self- 
respect,  and  love  for  their  native  land,  poured  courage  and  all  other  noble 


WPA  (ILL)  PROJ.  302/5 


I  K  -  £  -  POLISH 

I  B  3  b 

III  B  2  Dziennik  Z^.iazkowy,  Nov.  21,  1911. 

Ill  A 

attributes  into  them,  and  rooted  out  sternly  all  v;icked  or  ignoble 
impulses.  The  fathers  had  neither  the  time  nor  the  ability  to  bring  up  their 
children  from  the  cradle  to  the  teens,  and  so  the  duty  of  educating  them  to 
be  good  citizens,  of  making  them  good  Poles,  fell  upon  these  priestesses  of 
the  home  fires. 


The  young  people  were  brought  up  in  a  model  fashion.  They  were  examples  of  the 
virtues  of  manliness,  justice,  and  love  of  truth.  'iVhen  the  husbands,  with  their 
grown  sons,  all  in  full  armor  and  bearing  their  weapons,  left  for  the  battle- 
fields to  run  the  invaders  out  of  the  borders  of  the  country,  and  when  the 
invaders  sacked  the  towns  and  villages,  the  Polish  matrons,  lacking  the  help  of 
strong  anas  and  manly  breasts,  seized  the  helm  of  the  entire  society  in  their 
weak  hands.  Besides  bringing  up  the  children  in  an  exemplary  way,  they  fostered 
the  agriculture,  industry  and  commerce  of  the  country,  and  in  addition  cared  for 
the  wounded  knights,  sewed  the  clothing  for  the  soldiers  at  the  battle  front, 
made  bandages  and  medicines  for  the  v;ounded,  cared  for  the  poor  widows  and 


WPA(ILL)PROJ.3C275 


I  K 

I  B  3  b 
III  B  2 
III  A 


-  3  - 


POLISH 


Dziennlk  Zwiazkowy,  Nov,  21,  1911. 
orphans,  and  performed  a  thousand  other  tasks. 


Such  were  our  great-grandmothers— such  should  be  our  present  mothers,  wives, 
and  sisters.  One  does  not  demand  of  the  present  Polish  woman  the  labors  that 
the  Polish  woman  performed  ages  ago  in  feudal  Poland.  These  heavy  duties  no 
longer  exist  for  her.  But  one  does  demand  that  she  bring  up  her  children  in 
the  true  Polish  spirit.  Today's  Polish  mother  should  inculcate,  in  the  creatures 
to  whom  she  has  given  life,  a  love  for  the  mother  tongue,  respect  for  our  past, 
and  a  belief  in  the  future  of  the  Polish  nation. 

It  is  even  more  necessary  that  th3  Polish  women  perfomi  this  duty  here  in  a 
strange  land,  where  we  are  surrounded  on  all  sides  by  foreign  influences  that 
take  away  from  us  thousands  of  our  young  people,  absorbing  them  completely. 
In  Poland,  under  three  different  governments,  brave  Polish  women  fight  valiantly 
against  the  oppressors  and  bring  up  their  children  in  the  Polish  spirit,  but 


WPA  (ILL)  PROJ.  30275 


I  K  -  4  -  POLISH 

I  B  3  b 

III  B  S  Dziennik  Zwiazkowy.  Hoy.   21,  1911. 

Ill  A 

here  many  neglect  their  sacred  duty,  and  allow  the  younger  generation 
to  become  irrevocably  lost  to  national  causes. 

Here  it  is  not  enough  to  bring  up  a  son  to  be  a  ^sport",  to  chew  tobacco,  to 
pour  down  liquor,  and,  often,  to  become  a  bully;  it  is  not  enough  to  bring  up 
a  daughter  to  be  a  painted  and  powdered  "doll",  who  chatters  only  in  English,  and 
who  seeks  amusements  in  inappropriate  places.   One  must  bring  up  these  young 
sprigs  in  accordance  with  the  example  set  by  our  great-grandmothers,  that  is, 
imbue  them  with  virtue,  respect  for  the  mother  tongue,  and  love  of  their  home- 
land back  in  Europe,  instill  modesty  in  the  girls,  and  noble  manliness  in  the  boys. 

Furthermore,  in  trying  to  uphold  the  Polish  spirit  here  in  our  young  people,  we 
ourselves  must  set  a  good  example— we  must  join  Polish  organizations  and  bring 
our  children  into  them.  You,  Polish  fathers  and  mothers,  should  be  members  of 
the  Polish  National  Alliance;  you  should  support  the  Polish  Falcons;  you  should 
spread  Polish  song  here  through  organizing  and  developing  choirs,  and  should 


WPA  (ILL.)  PROJ.  .^0275 


I  K  -  5  -  POLISH 

I  B  3  b 

III  B  2  Dziennik  Zwiazkoiwy>  Nov.  21,  1911. 

Ill  A 

bring  your  daughters  and  sons  to  choir  meetings.  Surely  your  little 
ones  will  not  then  lose  their  national  identity,  but  will  love  it  sincerely, 
because  they  will  recognize  the  beauty  of  Polish  ideals;  they  will  be  filled 
with  noble  impulses  and  true  patriotism, 

A  great  deal  depends  on  the  Polish  women,  not  only  in  bringing  up  their  children 
in  an  exemplary  and  patriotic  fashion,  but  also  in  influencing  their  husbands 
and  brothers  into  a  more  zealous  support  of  the  national  cause,  into  joining 
organizations  of  such  noble  aims  as  the  Polish  National  Alliance,  the  Polish 
Falcons,  singers  alliances,  Polish  army  alliances,  etc.  Even  ten  intimate  friends 
could  not  persuade  a  man  to  join  a  Polish  organization  half  so  well  as  a  wife  can 
persuade  her  husband;  a  mother,  her  son;  a  sister,  her  brother;  a  maid,  her 
fiance;  a  cousin,  her  cousin. 

Then  let  our  gracious  Polish  women  recognize  the  fact  that  they  possess  this 
power  with  which  they  can  do  much  for  the  Polish  cause*  A  tired  husband  and 


WPA  (ILL)  PROI 30275 


-  6  - 


POLISH 


b 

2 


Dzlennlk  Zwiazkowy.  Nov.  21,  1911. 


I  K 
IBS 
III  B 
III  A 

father  forgets  many  things,  and  neglects  many  others,  but  our  Polish 
women  should  remember  and  care;  they  should  awaken  the  indolent,  set  the  lazy 
and  negligent  to  work  for  the  national  cause,  warm  and  encourage  the  doubters, 
TVhen  the  Polish  women  undertake  this  work,  we  shall  be  able  to  accomplish  miracles 

To  work,  then,  Polish  woneni  Let  the  spirits  of  your  brave  and  patriotic  great- 
grandmothers  rejoice,  for  you  will  be  following  in  the  footsteps  of  these  great 
Polish  women,  of  whom  history  writes  in  letters  of  gold. 


WPA  (ILL)  PROJ.  30275 


I  K 

II  B  2  g 
IV 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazlcov;y,  Nov.  9,  1911. 


V/OIISN'S  SUliT'RAGS 

The  Polish  V/omen's  Sxiffrage  Circle  is  continuing  to  progress. 

On  November  5,  at  IJankiewicz  liall,  Dr.  II.  Ijaczorowska  delivered  a  lecture  on  ^ 
"•./omen's  Solidarity",  and  Dr.  ^/^nn^  V/yczollcov;ska  lectured  on  "V/omen's  Rights".^ 
Both  lectures  v/ere  very  informative.     The  next  recular  lectures  v/ill  be  -^ 

annoiinced.  5S 


c 


POLISH 


I  K 

I  A  1  a 

I  B  ?  a 

I  B  3  b 


D^iennik  ZwiazkoTv;/,    Feb.   4,    1908.       yyp^  (J-^l.)  pRQJ. 30275 

WOMEN  AITD  THEIR  DUTIES 

(Editorial) 

A  ivonaii' s  dutv  is  to  make  a  haT)-ny  home;  and  her   v/ork  is  the  .p-olden  thread  from  which 
a  hapTDy  family  life  is  woven.   Can  every  wr)nan  -oroduce  a  fal'ric  which  will  not  tear 
in  her  hands  like  a  cobweb?   It  is  very  essential  that  our  women  fit  themselves  for 
social  life.  They  should  be  able  to  conouct  their  affairs  ener/retically  and  system- 
atically; but  with  poise;  they  should  be  ratient  and  T)erseverin?r;  they  should  be  con- 
scious of  the  di^mity  becoming  hiimfr^n  beinp;s;  and  of  their  ri^^^hts  and  duties  as  women, 
wives,  mothers  and  citizens.   Their  humble  duties  should  r>ot  obscure  the  horizon  of 
their  activities,  and  their  work  should  not  be  performed  solely  for  personal  2"ains, 

i 

A  wom.an  who  finds  herself  in  difficult  circumstances  should  stretch  her  imar^rination 
high  and  wide;  she  should  try  to  embrace  in  her  mind  such  imT:)ortant  ma.tters  with  which 
humajiity  is  confronted.  Let  her  visualize  the  difference  between  T^rogress,  and 
education  and  the  hapT)y  future  of  our  youn^  .generation  here  in  Amfrica  and  that  in 
Poland,  A  woman  v;ho  in  her  youn^^-er  days  received  a  practiced  ed.ucation  may  go  through 
life  with  confidence.   To  be  a  man's  comranion,  and  the  m.other  of  his  children,  a 
women  must  be  his  equal;  she  needs,  therefore,  to  be  enlightened  in  the  duties  reouired 
or  she  will  not  be  able  to  fill  that  high  position  of  home  -  maimer  and  mother. 


I  g 

I  E 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Ludovy^  Vol,  I,  No.  138,  August  27,  1907    •  .A  (ILL)  PR0J.30274 


WOKEN"  S  RMCTIONS 


Last  Sunday  afternoon  there  was  a  meeting  at  the  Dziennik  Ludowy,  of  the 
Polish  Women's  Socialist  Party.  After  concluding  current  "business  the 
mem'bers  selected  new  officers  who  have  promised  energetic  agitation  among  the 
Polish  women  of  Chicago.  This  gathering  as  we  judge  it,  was  of  valiant  women 
mem'bers,  who  beyond  all  ouestion  will  reap  great  and  helpful  benefits  for 
the  workers  cause.  We  wish  them  success,  for  the  work  our  Polonia  shall 
glory  in. 


I  K 


POLISH 
Dziennik  LudoAvy,  Vol,  I,  Ho.  11,  March  28,  1907 
This  -^aner  Is  Devoted  To  The  \7orkinp:   Class  Interests,,  -,»  ,,, .  ,  ^^^ 

*-'fA  (ILUPR0i302/6 

TTOlvIZlIS*  STHUGOLZ  FOR  THE  RIGHT  TO  VOTE 


V/omen  suffragists  assembled  in  Springfield,  Illinois  today  with  the  aim  of 
demanding  fron  the  State  legislature,  the  right  to  vote.  The  affair  has  created 
a  great  bustle,  even  though  the  members  of  the  State  legislature  endeavor  to 
make  a  joke  of  this  whole  affair.   It  is  evident  that  they  are  dismayed  about 
giving  a  decision  on  this  matter,  brought  about  by  the  suffragettes. 

Aside  from  the  right  to  vote  the  suffragists  also  demand  a  complete  equalization, 
political  and  social,  with  the  men.  Their  demands  were  formulated  on  a  roll  of 
paper  to  which  v/as  appended  a  vast  amount  of  signatures.  Tliis  lengthy  roll 
of  paper  m^easures  a  himdred  and  fifty  yards •. 

The  delegation  consists  of  the  following  women: 

Ella  Stev/pjrt,  President  of  the  Illinois  Equal  Voters  Club;  Minnie  V/atkins, 
President  of  the  Illinois  ^omens'  Alliance  Club;  Mary  Kuhl,  President  of  the 
W.  C,  T.  U.;  L.  Ducanson,  President  of  the  Chiocago's  Equal  Rights  Political 


■«C '^T^ 


I  K 


-3- 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Ludoivy,   Vol.   I,  No.   11,   March  28,   1907 


'TA(lLL)PR0J.3027i 


League;  Ada  Cracker,  President  of  the  Knrthern  Voters'  League;  H.  Sloate, 
President  of  the  Evanston  Political  Squol  Rights  League;  Dr.  R.  Wistine  of 
the  Womens'  Czechs  Club;  and  Catherine  !'cCulloch. 

Their  petition  had  already  been  presented  to  their  representative,  Sheldon, 
before  the  dele^^ation  arrived  here,  to  be  nresent  and  witness  their  own 
committees'  discussions,  selected  S'^ecially  for  this  meeting. 

In  this  way  Chicago's  women  have  been  the  first  in  America  to  form  a  serious 
organization  to  claim  the  rights  and  power  which  has  been  prohibited  them. 

The  "mighty"  would  desire  and  hope  to  see  them  as  inanimated  dolls  and  playthings, 
designed  for  pleasure  , 


I  K 


The  Chicago  Chronicle,  13-7,  Feb.   27,  1905, 
POLISH  WOMEN'S  HOME  OPElvED 


POLISH 


i^»«a« 


Yesterday  with  song  and  patriotic  demonstrations,  Polish  women  from  all  parts 
of  this  city  opened  the  first  home  and  offices  of  the  Polish  Women's  National 
Alliance  of  America,  recently  purchased  by  the  organization  at  572  lU  Ashland 
Ave* 

Leading  Polish  nationalists,  both  men  and  women,  made  speeches  and  iirdted  Polish 
choirs  of  Chicago  sang.   The  Women's  Alliance  consists  of  one-hundred  different 
societies  throughout  the  United  States,  and  the  establishment  of  the  home  in 
this  city  makes  Chicago  the  chief  headquarters  of  the  organization. 


Mrs.  Anna  Neunan,  president  of  the  organization,  made  the  opening  address. 
Mrs«  Pabianski,  secretary;  Mrs.  !•  Kadow,  treasirrer;  and  Mrs.  S.  Szeszychi, 
vice-president,  were  the  other  speakers.  M.  B.  Steczynski,  president  of  the 
Polish  National  Alliance,  on  behalf  of  the  nationalists,  congratulated  the 
women  upon  their  success  in  securing  their  own  home. 

The  home  of  the  women's  organization  is  a  three  story  brick  building.  It  will 
contain  offices,  reading-rooms,  library,  and  assembly  halls  for  the  Polish 
■yomen* 


.i 


t 


I  E 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


The  Chicago  Chronicle,  13-7,  Feb.  27,  1905. 


J  5 ' » 


,  f  . .    .   . 


During  the  dedicatory  exercises,  Mrs.  Anna  Neuman,  president,  said,  "The  Polish 
women  following  the  footsteps  of  their  mothers  across  the  sea,  will  encourage 
the  men  in  their  work  for  education  and  the  uplifting  of  the  Polish  people 
here*  We  will  carry  on  our  work  to  help  the  young  people  and  will  lead  in 
every  good  cause  for  the  "benefit  of  this  country  and  for  Poland.  United  as 
we  are  at  this  time^  we  hope  to  be  a  powerful  influence  for  good  among  our 
people.  We  will  extend  the  scope  of  our  organization  so  that  the  hones  will 
become  more  numerous  and  our  work  most  effective." 


WPA  (ILL)  PROJ.  30275 


1  K 


POLISH 

III  B  2 

Kruszka,  Rev.  Waclaw,  Ilistorva  Pol  ska  w  i^ineryce.  The  ILuryer  Publishing 

Co.,  Milwaukee,  Vrf'is.,  I903f  Vol.  IV,  p.  12. 

POLISH  7;0Mr:NVS  iiLLIANCE 

Founded  in  1900,  in  Chicago,  the  Polish  :7omen' s  Alliance  holds  important  annual 
congresses.   Similar  to  those  of  the  Polish  National  Alliance,  the  Women's  Alliance, 
tc  work  for  the  good  of  the  national  cause  here  in  America.   It  shows  a  constant 
growtn. 

In  1903  the  Alliance  had  twenty  eight  groups  with  1,406  members,  and  in  I904  it  al- 
ready had  forty  groups  with  2,040  members. 


dl 


I  K 
III  C 


POLISH 


Dziennlk  Chlcagoski,  Feb,  18,  1896. 

THE  EGG  WILL  TEACH  THE  CHICKEN 

(Editorial) 

There  will  soon  be  a  shortage  of  clients  in  our  Polish-American  conmianities, 
according  to  the  number  of  lawyers  opening  offices  throughout  the  city, 
translator's  note:  This  rather  obscure  reference  pertains  to  the  fact  that 
the  Church  was  in  existence  long  before  the  current  crop  of  lawyers,  who  v/ere 
offending  many  persons  by  attempting  to  modernize  the  social  order  established 
and  sanctioned  by  the  church_7 

The  Catholic  Church,  through  nineteen  centuries,  has  carefully  watched  over 
youth,  but  Sztandar  (Standard),  the  organ  of  the  Polish  Young  Men's  Alliance, 
is  making  new  discoveries  in  the  field  of  caring  for  young  people.  They  do 
this  under  the  pretext  of  enlightenment. 

This  paper  is  quoted  as  follows:  ''The  only  salutary  method  is  to  influence 


X3 


■33 


CD 


r 


I  K 
III  C 


-  2  - 


Dzlennlk  Chicagoski >  Feb.  18,  1096 


POLISH 


our  maidens  to  join  the  young  people's  organizations,  together  with  the 
young  men.  Let  us  throw  aside  the  va*ong  conviction  that  such  societies  are 
the  cause  of  the  spread  of  immorality  among  young  people.  Be  certain, 
mother  and  father,  that  their  first  aim  is  to  teach  the  gospel  of  morality. »• 

The  above  paragraph  (slightly  abbreviated)  can  be  read  in  the  February  15th 
issue  of  the  Sztandar,  on  the  first  page,  sixth  column. 

It  pleased  God,  our  Creator,  to  divide  vegetation  and  animals  into  genders, 
male  cind  female,  as  well  as  the  human  race.  But,  God  endowed  the  human  being 
with  a  brain  and  free  will,  whereas  other  creatures  are  governed  by  instinct 
only.  Therefore,  social  contacts  between  male  and  female  human  beings  de- 
pend on  the  laws  of  correct  understanding,  enlightened  by  God's  graces:  Faith, 
Hope,  and  Love. 

The  Catholic  church  has  always  condemned  the  seeming  indifference  toward 
maidenly  modesty  and  simplicity,  which  will  suffer  from  mutual  social  contacts 


I  K 
III  C 


-  3  - 


Dzienniic  Chicagoski,  Feb.  18,  1895. 


POLISH 


of  both  sexes  without  strict  parental  supervision. 

This  is  not  the  way,  Sztandarl 

Not  thati  To  send  our  daughters  to  watch  the  turners  drill,  to  send  our  daugh- 
ters to  young  men's  meetings,  so  that  they  may  sit  on  the  same  bench  and 
discuss  matters  together,  to  snatch  our  daughters  in  the  evening  and  late  at 
night  from  under  the  \^fatchful  eye  of  the  mother,  is  to  commit  an  act  of  so- 
cial suicide. 

No  Catholic,  in  fact  no  respectable  person,  loving  the  flovier  of  innocence  in 
his  child,  could  ever  agree  to  such  evil  suggestions. 

The  modernized  girl  turners  and  their  lawyers  forget  the  simplest  supreme 
truth — that  what  God  has  made,  no  human  is  able  to  change. 

Our  reformers  of  Polish  maidens  forget  the  old-time  Polish  saying,  which  told 


CO 

cr» 


I  K 
III  C 


-  4  - 


POLISH 


Dzlennik  Ghlcagoslci,  Feb.  18,  1896 


Mr,  Krupa,  who  wished  to  fight  the  crusaders,  that  "Krupa  is  worrying  need- 
lessly, because  he  cannot  be  made  over  into  a  lamb" — and  no  woman  can  be 
made  over  into  a  man. 


To  what  did  the  pagan  spirit  of  the  maidens  bring  them  during  the  times  of 
the  Roman  emperors? 

They  began  with  dancing,  then  passed  on  to  gymnastics,  and  acquired  a  love  for 
heavyweight  drilling.  But  these  exercises  were  too  innocent  to  please  them, 
according  to  the  article  of  Reverend  Niedzialkowski  in  the  Warsaw  paper  Rola. 
Their  souls  were  soaring  to  greater  heights.  They  began  to  drill  as  the 
gladiators  did.  They  dressed  up  in  breast  plates  and  helmets,  wore  soldiers* 
footwear  and  knee  protectors,  put  on  the  gloves  of  contestants,  and  began 
exercising,  first  with  a  wooden  pole,  then  an  iron  one.  If  the  neighbor's 
dog* 8  barking  disturbed  the  slumber  of  a  maiden  before  noontime,  the  terrible 
amazon  would  appear,  with  lightning  in  her  eyes,  on  the  neighbor's  lawn,  and 
vinsparingly  would  mete  out  what  she  considered  justice  to  the  wrongdoers. 


o 


CD 

cr 


I  K 
III  C 


-  5  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Chicagoskl,  Feb.  18,  1896. 


both  dog  and  master.  In  her  pursuit  for  publicity  and  emancipation,  she 
played  with  tame  lions  and  tigers.  Truly,  there  ^^as  no  diversion  to  which 
the  animal  nature  of  tne  huiaan  being  did  not  resort,  and  with  which  the 
emancipated  maidens  did  not  become  enamored,  just  to  fill  that  spiritual 
void  emptied  of  faith  and  graces. 

The  Sztandar  evidently  wishes  a  return  of  those  pagan  practices. 

The  demoralization  is  to  spread  to  the  schoolchildren  at  an  age  when  they 
need  the  most  careful  attention  and  Christian  education.  As  many  an  old 
woman  thinks  that  face  powder  will  brine  back  her  maidenly  blush,  so  do  our 
progressives  believe  that  they  can  substitute,  for  the  Christi^in  graces, 
sugar-coated  secret  meetings  between  the  youth  of  both  sexes. 


o 


CO 

cr 


This  is  not  the  wayl 


This  should  be  sufficient  to  settle  the  matter.  The  writers  lie,  and  lie,  until 


I  K 
III  C 


-  6  - 


POLISH 


Dziennlk:  Ghlcagoskl,  Feb.  18,  1895 


they  eventually  convince  somebody*  The   smartiest 


F. 


o 


CD 


I  K 
III  B  2 

II  D  3 


POLISH 


Dzlennik  Chicagoski>  Jan.   14,  1896. 


A  NE;/  SOGI^Tf  IN  SOUTK  CHICAGO 


(Correspondence) 

I  wish  to  announce  that  a  new  society,  to  be  known  as  Zorza  Poranna  (Sunrise) 
Ladies'  Society,  was  organized  here  yesterday. 

The  object  of  the  society  is  to  promote  education  among  its  members  and  provide 
sick  benefit  pa3n:aents.  The  Zorza  Poranna  Society  will  arrange  entertainments, 
recitals,  concerts,  theatrical  performances,  and  national  celebrations;  in 
short,  everything  that  will  serve  to  awaken  the  national  spirit  and  help 
elevate  the  moral  and  mental  outlook  of  its  members.  At  present  there  are 
thirty-nine  Polish  women  entered  on  the  membership  roll* 

At  the  first  meeting,  which  was  held  on  Sunday,  January  12,  in  a  hall  at  8247 
Superior  Avenue,  the  following  officers  were  elected.  LIrs.  M.  Zagorski, 


J 
i 


I  K 
III  B  2 

II  D  3 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Chicagoski,  Jan.  14,  1896. 


president;  Lirs.  Chmielev/ski ,  vice-president;  LIrs.  K.  Obarski,  secretary; 
Miss  M.  Czerwinski,  recording  secretary;  Miss  Follmer,  treasurer. 

The  next  meeting  will  be  held  on  Sunday,  January  29,  at  the  home  of  the 
president. 

There  is  no  doubt  that  this  society  of  Polish  women  is  necessary,  and  v/e 
sincerely  hope  that  our  ladies  will  join  in  the  greatest  possible  number. 


J 

.-*• 


i 


I  K 
III  B  2 

II  C 
IV 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Chicasoski,  Jan,  16,  1895 • 

PL/il^  FOH  POLISH  V/QvIEN'S  PATRIOTIC  CIXJB 
hRE  to  BS  DISCUSSED  ..T  i^iEETING 


l^esdames  H#  Lebkowska,  V.'.  Chodzinska,  and  1.1.  Olbinska  are  organizing  a  Polish 
Women's  Patriotic  Club,  The  first  meeting  v/ill  be  held  Sunday,  January  20, 
at  Brigham  Street.  One  of  the  important  functions  of  this  club  vail  be  to 
collect  contributions  for  the  Kosciusko  monument* 


O 


I  K 

II  B  2  g 

III  H 


POUSH 


Dziennik  Chicagoski,  Apr*  13,  1894. 


POLISH  V/OMEN»S  CENTRAL  SOCIETY  OF  CHICAGO  AND  THE  LWOW  FAIR 


The  Polish  Women »s  Central  Society  of  Chicago,  vftiose  president  is  Mrs. 
Theophilia  Samolinski,  has  sent  its  history  to  the  Lwow  Exposition.  The 
binding  of  the  book  is  beautiful.  The  society  also  donated  five  dollars  for 
the  Polish  pavilion. 

Sincere  thanks  are  extended  to  the  donors. 

This  society  was  organized  In  1887.  Today  it  numbers  190  members  • 

Its  motto  is:   "Gtod,  Faith,  and  Motherland." 

Lectures  on  Polish  and  general  history  are  given  at  its  meetings.  The  society 
participates  in  national  celebrations  and  anniversaries. 


V- 


I  K 
III  H 


POLISH 


Dzieimik  Chicagoski,  Apr.  5,  1894. 


APPEAL  TO  POLISH  'JOLS^J  IN  ALl^IRICA  ON  BmALF  OF  THE  LV/OV/  HUCPOSITION 


We  are  requested  to  publish  the  following  coimriunication:  '^On  March  14,  1894, 
Section  XIX  (V/omen^s  Viork  Section)  of  the  Iavov;  Exposition  appointed  me 
delegate  for  North  America.  I  am  instructed  to  furnish  Section  2Q.A  with  the 
following  material: 

"1.  Copies  of  diplomas  and  educational  essays  penned  by  Polish  women. 

^2.   Statistical  records:  a)  a  list  of  /the  names^  of  Polish  women  attending 
American  universities;  b)  a  list  of  /the  names  of/  Polish  women  v/ho  have  received 
academic  degrees  from  American  universities;  c)  a  list  of  ^he  naxaes  ofT*  Polish 
professional  women,  such  as  physicians,  lawyers,  professors,  etc. 

^3.  Products  of  women's  industries  and  craft  v;ork,  such  as:  a)  needle  work, 

b)  women's  farm  products,  c)  v/omen's  city  home  products,  d)  products  raised  at 

home,  e)  list  of  charitable  deeds. 


en 


I  K 
III  H 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Chicagoski^  Apr,  5,  1894, 


^As  iny  appointment  has  arrived  just  novj,  after  our  local  committee  of  the  Lv;ow 
Exposition  has  already  begun  to  collect  the  exhibits  of  the  products  produced 
by  women's  craft  work,  there  remains  only  the  first  two  items  for  me  to  ful- 
fill, v/hich  up  till  now  were  not  taken  under  consideration  by  the  Polish- 
American  committee  specially  organized  for  this  purpose.  Therefore,  I  ask  all 
Polish  women  in  America  to  send  us  as  soon  as  Possible  the  following: 

"a)  Copies  of  diplomas  issued  by  higher  institutions  of  learning  or  schools  of 
art# 

'^b)  Printed  copies  of  educational.  Journalistic  or  literary  works,  such  as 
fiction,  poetry,  etc. 

**c)  Copies  of  constitutions  of  v/omen's  organizations  and  societies,  social  and 
religious,  number  of  members,  and  short  histories  of  the  organizations  or 
societies. 


CD 
CO 

*^ 
en 


^d)  Information  concerning  professional  women,  their  occupation,  location 


I  K 
III  H 


-  3  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Chicagoski>  Apr.  5,  1894. 


Jot  their  offices7',hours  of  practice,  and  official  title  of  the  public  office. 

'^e)  Information  concerning  women^s  commercial  firms,  bookkeepers,  post-office 

and  railroad  clerks,  telegraph  and  telephone  operators,  etc. 

"f)  Information  concerning  women's  benevolent  institutions  and  convents. 

'*g)  Information  concerning  Polish  \7omen  who  are  attending  American  iini vers i ties.   5o 


"Since  all  material  must  reach  the  exposition  in  the  middle  of  IJay,  all  women 
are  requested  to  send  the  material  as  soon  as  possible.  Please  send  parcels 
and  other  material  to  J.  Kodis,  3247  Laurel  Street,  Chicago. 

"The  administration  of  the  Lvjow  Exposition  is  of  the  opinion  that  our  ardent 
patriotism,  which  unites  us  all  in  the  far-flung  corners  of  the  v/orld,  v/ill 
stimulate  us  to  this  civic  duty  of  participating  in  the  exposition.  Let  us 
remember  that  this  is  not  a  question  of  showing  our  pride,  but  of  demonstrating 
the  vitality  and  moral  strength  of  the  Polish  nation. 


o 

— I 


I  K  • 
III  H 


-  it  - 


POLISH 


Dzier.nik  'Jhic-u'-oski ,  ^-.-or.  5,  1894, 


''All  Polish-iteerican  nev/spapers  are  as.zad   tc  reprint  this  appeal. 

"Josephine  Kouis,  Ph.  D." 


o 

CO 

en 


!•  ATTITODES 
L.  Agricul- 
ture in  the  United  States 


^^'.'S'*;^!^.) 


^•■«^«.-J«w,. 


Dzlennik  Zjednoczenia,  Feb.  5,  1927.  j "-'  ^^  ^ 
AGRICULTURE  IN  AJ.^FRICA  IS  PACING  RUIN 


(Editorial) 


POLISH 


The  public  is  fully  aware  of  present  conditions  and  the  importance  of  American 
agriculture;  and  is  amazed  at  the  indifferent  attitude  of  the  United  States  Congress. 
Statistics  pertaining  to  agriculture,  collected  by  the  Department  of  Commerce,  prove 
unquestionably  that  agricultural  ax^tivities,  instead  of  increasing,  are  gradually 
decreasing,  and,  that  with  the  continual  increase  in  population,  America  will  find 
herself  in  a  grave  situation  if  some  remedy  is  not  found  in  the  near  future* 

For  example,  let  us  take  the  State  of  Louisiana,  where  statistics  are  complete.   In 
the  last  five  years,  the  total  farm  population  in  this  state  has  been  decreased  by 
90,000  people.   In  the  same  period,  the  mortgage  debts  with  which  the  fanners  have 
been  burdened,  have  increased  $10,000,000,  while  the  farmlands  value  are  but  $2,000,000. 
Louslana  differs  from  other  southern  states  which  depend  on  cotton  raising,  because  it 
possesses  vast  sugar-beet  plantations,  it  has  rich  soil,  and  is  noted  for  its  rite   and 
tobacco  growing,  from  which  a  prosperous  industry  has  been  developed.  However^  if 
agriculturad  ax^tivities  decrease  in  a  state  like  Louisiana,  then  what  axe   conditions 
in  other  agricultural  states.  Congress  displays  malicious  irony  toward  this  important 
sitxxation.  Manufacturers  receive  $4,000,000,000  annually  for  tariff  protection. 


r^sv—mfwy' 


POLISH 


^2-^ 


Dziennik  Zjednoczenta,  Feb.  5,  1927, 


Financiers  of  banks  established  a  solid  fo\xndation  by  creating  the  Federal  Reserve 
System;  railroads  have  the  assurance  of  a  large  profit,  through  the  passage  of  the 
Esch- Cummins  bill;  merchant  marine  companies  gained  monopoly  of  transporation  on 
American  waters;  various  laws  and  limitations  of  immigration  were  intended  to  improve 
labor  conditions;  and  states  desiring  to  Improve  their  roads,  can  secure  the  aid  of 
our  governments 


Agriculture  is  the  most  important  branch  of  industry;  but  yet  in  spite  of  Its  great 
importance  it  seeks  aid  in  vain.  Every  proposed  law,  designated  to  increase  agriculture 
created  an  objection,  that  points  to  an  economic  vision,  that  is  iinhealthy,  unconstitu- 
tional and  impractical.  Perhaps  a/rriculture  would  be  surrounded  with  the  protection 
it  has  earned,  if  farmers  would  xinite,  and  organize,  as,  for  example,  the  manufacturers 
do.  Our  practical  employers  take  in  consideration  the  power,  that  may  build  or  destroy 
their  interests;  finding  themselves  secure  under  the  jurisdiction  of  the  United  States 
Government,  they  do  not  concern  themselves  over  the  possibility  of  a  great  shortage 
of  agricultural  products,  which  wo\ild  eventually,  necessitate  the  purchase  of  such 
products  from  abroad* 


I  L 

'J     ■  O 

V      -:  i.  >-^ 

III  a 


D2ie""r;il:  ±jia-z]zo\ry,   ospt.    IC,    191:: 


o 


T>r.TT"''T 


ij?.  -/.  J".  Laucl:,  an  official  of  tlv  De^artnent  of  Labor  and  Coru^isrce,  v/ho 
is  "m  j:v}rican  that  r?  .11'^  knovs  tl:^  conditions  of  various  :-;uro:)9an  nations 
and  who  takss  -^raat  intero^t  in  th^  iniarants  thit  arrive  in  the  United 
States  fi-0:.i  various  parts  of  the  v;orld,  especially  the  irn  i-^r;Ante  from 
Poland,  has  araised  the  -oles  verv  hi'-hl"  in  the  .j^erican  p.O'.jg^  t)-3Vi 


In  the  la~e  issue  of  the  Ti:.ie3  Dispatch  or   hichnond,  7ir;:inia,  '..'r.  Lauch 
v/rote  an  article  under  the  title  of  "i..en  Fron  i  oland  .^re  -ood  Far:"iers". 


In  this  article  the  author  rea.arhs,  that  he  i.e  *reatly  intenected  in  the 
Clover  Eottori  colony  a^.ich  is  1  cated  in  the  st-.te  Oj 


.r>  f 


dseouri,  in  tl 


16 


very  center  of  ..ashin-ton  Count:/.   Four  I'olich  farllies  fro:;:  Fihe  County, 
Illinois,  arrive!  to  this  locality,  -.diich  w*as  a  \Yild  desert.   '7ney  boupht 
/ground  froa  the  ov7n':rs  at  si::  dollars  an  acre,  then  ee'^:an  a  very  hard  tasl: 
of  cuttinr:  dovm  trees,  pulling  out  st-i:.ips,  clearing;  the  ground  for  cul- 
tivation. 


I  L 
7  A  2 
III  G 


2 


POLISH 


Dziennik  ^v/iazkovr/,  oept.  19,  1912. 

In  this  same  year  three  more  lolish  fa^iilies  arrived  in  Clover  Bottom  from 
Texas,  and  the  following  year  eight  more  Polish  families  from  Texas  and 
nine  immi^ant  fa.ailies  from  Poland  -ettled  there. 

This  small  colony  of  i'oles  combin=5d  forces,  an:;  chanp.ed  Clover  Bottom  from 
a  wilderness  to  a  very  be  lutiful  soot.   It  ha:  taken  some  time  and  hard 
v7ork,  before  the:-;e  farms  had  given  them  any  results,  but  as  time  went  along 
they  began  to  reap  profits,  and  today  this  colony  has  become  one  of  the  best 
farming  sections  in  the  United  States. 


...any  more  P':lish  families  v/ho  lived  in  various  parts  of  .^erica  settled  in  /"^^  , 
Clover  Bottom,  but  did  not  remain  veiyiong,  because  they  were  used  to  the  \ c.  ^.'-A.  f 
big  cities  and  localities  where  Polish  churches  are  nearby. 

At  present  there  are  thirty-six  Polish  fa:.iilies  amounting  to  two  hundred 
persons  in  this  colony,  and  following  tlie  parents  departure  from  this  world, 
the  sons  and  nephews  do  the  farm  v/ork.  They  love  this  v;ork  and  are  happy, 
having  acr.ieved  r)rosperity.  The  Polish  language  reigns  there  because  some 


I  L 


O 


III  G 


I'CLIoII 


Dzi^nnil: 


ept.  ir,  1C11. 


of  islie:::  are  unabl?  to  speak  th^  i!n;:li3l:  1  .nGua":8« 
live  as  0113  haow  f  .:;ily,  und  can  serve  a::  an  e::a- 
colonies. 


In  this  small  colony  they 
:::.-jle  to  fariiiers  oi  other 


These  xarris  are  nov:  in  -ood  condition,  and  their  value  has  increased  very  con- 
si  :Ier  ally. 


These  ^olish  settlers  built  v^ry  beautiful  hori?^s  and  ,'3ardens;  they  live  a 
rood  distarce  aivav  froM  the  larr:e  cities  and  do  not  have  to  v;orr-^"  about  e::- 
ylo.Tient  or  incorie. 


hov;ever,    from 


dach  I'olish   farr.  in  Clover  lottori  a:.:ounts  to   ei-^hty  -^^cres; 
th:..i   ei^dity  acre   far.n  a  lolish  far:. :'r   is  not   only  able  to   sup:^ort  a  family, 
but   also  saves  :-:on3y.      On  t/.is  sane  hind  0?  a  farm  an  /^.icrican  farm.er  v/ould 
find   it  verv  difficult  to   su'-^-'Oi-t  a  f.arr.il^^:   also  the  .j.ierican  firmer  v;ould 
not   care  to   clear  v/ilderness,    and  v;oull   not  have  the  prop-^^  ^'  ^min^  tools 
for  such  v;orh.     But  a  Polish,   '"oriian,   Dutch,   dv/edish  or  Loheinian   "ar^ner  is 
well  trained   in  f-rmin::,    and   can  mahe  a   sr;all  farm  pay,    even  for  the  future 


o^ 


Uj 


o 


\^m  s 


V  V 


I  L 


o 


III  a 


rrenerations. 


Dzien-^11:  -.v7iazl:ovrT,  -ept,  10,  101^. 


>r-.T  TOTT 


Ilr.  Lauck,  ^nritin-;  r^irthor  of  01:Yer  :  otto,:,  adds  th  .t  the.^e  rolish  fariae-s, 
-id  rolir:h  farmers  ever-zhere,  ara  vary  usofal  to  .:-erica  bacau:-^e  thay  knov; 
ho.:  to  pro  :uce  a  large  crop  of  -.aieat  on  a  s;-:  ill  piece  of  land,  '.•;liile  the 
-cnerican  farr.-ier  could  not  -rO'lrce  ac  ::nich  --he-  ■*-  ^- ■  -  pioce  of  land  "We  tirr.o 
a-  larpe.  ouch  irraprants  laa  ne;;dad  v  -ry  inii-;'  ^  and  -'e  ohould  receive 
then  aith  oi^en  arias  to  our  countrv,  .nd  the  yovernia-jnt  should  help  them  to 
settle  on  farms,  so  they  aeuld  not  d.::stroy  their  ■:ra:it  strenpth  in  faCuori  s 
or  nines,  .her  they  aoall  parish  ::iiscra  ly. 

hot  v.^ry  far  fror:  01  ver  -^otto:::  are  tv/o  none  holish  colonies,  Craco'.v,  and 
Chvensville,  in  vrhich  si::ty-one  -olish  fa ailieo  occupy  fariis,  aid  they  fariii 
on  v;hat  the  .-aajrican  f  irners  call  v?ry  -^oor  land;  yet  t- ey  surprised  the:e 
.^Tierican  farmers  bv  arovinp  to  then,  th  ;t  they  are  able  to  earn  a  livinp 
on   the^e  f-irn  lands. 


-  W.P.A.  o 


Ij*.  Lauch  further  vnrites  th  t  holish   iajiiarants 


;ood  f amors,    industri- 


I  L  ■ 

^  r     :     o 

III  a 


■-,  ^. 


GLIoH 


Dz i e nil i ' :    >.7i azkO'T ^ ,    3e:)t.    19,    19 1". 

ous  people,    en3r^-2tic   -ml   ecoiionic,    t:v37  are    jreatly  needed   'inl  the    -jXos 
of  the  Unite!  Jt.ten   should   be   o -y^n  et  all  tiLies   for   such   i:eii  grants. 


I  L 


POLISH 


Dziennlk  Zwiazkowy.  ^^ov.  16,  1911. 

OOVBRNMSKT  LAND 

A  meeting  was  held  the  day  before  yesterday  at  Mr.  J.  Kuszewski's  hall,  corner 
of  Noble  and  Division  Streets,  on  the  matter  of  government  land  in  Oklahoma, 
which  is  now  being  auctioned.  Mr.  Mazurkiewicz,  who  already  has  bought  some 
land  there,  called  the  meeting  together,  but  very  few  people  came — only  about 
eight.  Although  those  present  eulogized  life  on  the  farm,  no  concrete  decisions 
were  made. 


I  L 

I  D  1  a 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwlazkowy,  Dec*  15,  1910. 


PRES31TT-DAY  AGaiCUlTURS 


(Editorial) 


Official  statistics  on  the  developnent  of  arriciilture  in  one  of  our  states 
show  the  strange  phenoraenon,  that  vie   have  laige  landowners  and  small  farmers. 
Formerly  in  Stirope,  and  especially  in  Poland,  there  were  two  classes  of  land- 
o^Tners,  that  is,  masters  of  extensive  estates  on  one  hand,  and  small  fanners 
possessing  barely  a  fev/  acres  of  land  on  the  other.  Here  in  America,  the 
same  state  of  affairs  is  becoming  more  and  more  evident.  The  capitalistic 
class  purchages  large  areas  of  land  and  gains  profit  from  them,  v/hile,  on 
the  other  hand,  the  poorer  farmer  maintains  himself  v/ith  great  difficulty 
on  a  small  farm  of  only  a  few  acres.  The  value  of  land  increases  with  each 
year,  and  many  of  the  smaller  fanners  are  forced  to  sell  their  farms  to 
manufacturing  and  railroad  tycoons.  The  comparatively  wealthy  middle  class 
of  farmers  is  nov;  gradually  becoming  extinct.    Because  of  this,  we  find 
that  only  tv/o  classes  of  ov/ners  are  left,  ov/ners  of  large  areas  of  land  on 


CI; 


0-. 


I  L 

I  D  1  a 


-  2  - 


Dzlennlk  Zv;iazkov;y>   Dec.  15,   1910 


POLISH 


one  side,  and  small  farmers  mana^inc  on  a  few  acres  of  land,  and  making  a 
meager  livelihood  out  of  it,  on  the  other. 

The  old  type  of  farmer  is  gradually  becoming  extinct  here.  Farmers  of  that 
type  at  one  time  cut  dovm  dense  forests,  cleared  the  land,  tilled  it,  and 
lived  from  it.  But  all-pov/erful  Capital  is  gradually  encroaching  even  upon 
this  category  of  profits,  by  buying  out  the  land  and  changing  the  small 
landovmers  into  vassals.  Ilany  become  greedy  for  the  high  price  offered 
them  for  their  land  by  the  capitalists.  They,  therefore,  sell  it  v/ithout 
thinking  of  the  tir.e  v/hen  they  7;ill  become  slaves  of  capitalism.  The  state 
of  Ivlaine  is  one  example  of  such  conditions,  but  it  is  not  unique.  Similar 
conditions  are  prevalent  in  other  agricultural  states,  where  small  farms 
are  becoming  extinct  and  large  ones  are  being  created.  Those  v/ho  formerly 
v/orked  for  themselves  are  now  tilling  the  sarae  land  but  giving  the  profits 
to  the  capitalists.  The  outlook  is  none  too  bright  for  the  future,  because 
capitalism  is  grov/ing  more  and  more  powerful  by  bringing  agriciilture  under 
its  control.  As  a  result  of  this,  there  are  more  and  more  poor  people  who 


CD 


& 


I  L 

I  D  1  a 


-  3  - 


Dzieimik  Zwiazkov/y,   Dec.   15,   1910 


POLISH 


will  be  in  complete  dependence  upon  the  v/ealthy  capitalist.  i\nd  so  we  find 
that  capital  has  control  over  trade  and  commerce  and  is  nov/  spreading  its 
tentacles  over  aericulture.  Such  a  state  of  affairs  bodes  ill  for  the 
unpropertied  class.   Something  sho\ild  be  done  to  prevent  this  monster  of 
capitalism  from  strengtheninc  its  grasp  upon  the  agriculture  of  this  nation, 
lest  it  have  everyone  and  everything  under  its  control. 


I  L 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zv/iazkowy,   Apr*   19,   1909 


TO  FARIvS 


Just  recently  the  Daily  illliance  suggested  the  colonization  of  our  people 
upon  the  vast  acreage  that  is  lyin(^  idle,  and  is  begging  for  the  mighty 
arm  of  the  fanner  to  take  out  from  it,  the  treasures  of  the  mother-earth, 
for  she  is  the  only  nourisher  of  the  millions  of  people  inhabiting  this 
planet •  A  few  weeks  ago  this  paper  had  several  special  features  and 
articles  pertaining  to  this,  and,  today  it  not  only  points  this  out  again, 
but  emphasizes  it  to  be  of  vital  importance. 

History  teaches  us,  that  Poland  was  once  the  important  grain  center  of  all 
Europe;  the  products  obtained  by  the  work  of  her  own  farmers,  fed  practi- 
cally half  the  world.  Agricultural  conditions  in  Poland  in  the  sixteenth, 
seventeenth  and  eighteenth  centuries  were  primitive,  yet  she  was  able  to 
dominate  the  farming  industry. 

The  word  Poland,  when  translated  from  the  Polish,  virtually  means  field- 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zxviazkowy,  Apr.  19,  1909. 

land,  pointing  out  that  farming  was  the  first  important  industry,  to 
which  perhaps  only  the  Hollanders  could  approach. 


Under  the  stone-auc  fell  the  virgin  forests,  woods  were  removed,  arid  land 
was  made  fertile;  the  plough-share  and  hook-plough  was  used  to  till  the 
soil;  and  into  it  was  sown  the  seed  for  the  crops.  The  crop  was  alxvays 
abundant.  After  satisfying  her  wants,  millions  of  bushels  of  v/heat  and 
other  grains  were  shipped  to  Danzig,  and  from  there  all  over  the  world. 
In  return  there  was  gold,  of  which  Poland  was  not  lacking.  The  great 
industries  of  today  were  not  known;  mining  was  undeveloped,  commercial 
trading  was  unknown  and  thousands  of  workers  were  not  lost  in  the  steel 
or  rail  mills,  or  in  the  dark  dungeons  of  the  coal  and  mineral  mines. 
Speculation  in  stocks  or  banking  was  yet  to  come.   Despite  all  this 
Poland  was  rich  in  the  exchange  of  exported  grain  for  gold.  Poland 
garbed  herself  in  silks,  diamonds,  gold  and  silver. 


-  3  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  ZwiazkOT^ry,  Apr.  19,  1909. 

She  also  had  copper  and  zinc  kitchenv;are  and  other  utensils  that 
could  be  found  in  the  poorest  peasant  home.   It  became  a  byivord 
that  Paris  styles,  goods  of  Holland,  Hun.^arian  v/ine,  and  Polish  wheat  were 
the  most  important  commodities  on  this  ':lobe.  Poland  did  not  boast  of 
horses  as  did  England  or  Arabia;  she  did  not  have  the  dairy  cows  of  Switzer- 
laind  or  Holland,  or  the  poultry  of  Persia  and  Spain,  but  she  had  a  good 
breed  of  hogs,  and  cattle.  Er^ery   Polish  nobleman,  whenever  he  v;ent  to 
some  affair  or  on  a  journey,  took  with  him  several  pack-horses.  He  never 
lacked  in  any  smoked  or  dried  meats. 


Polish  farmers  did  not  know  poverty  as  do  people  of  industrial  countries 
today,  Poland  did  not  exr^ort  machinery,  silks  or  other  products,  but 
created  her  wealth  from  wheat,  oats,  and  rye;  on  large  pastures  fed 
various  breeds  of  cattle,  horses,  and  hogs;  trees  were  over  abundant  with 
fruits  and  beehives  overflowed  with  honey  from  v/hich  well  known  liqueurs 
were  madeo  Various  beers  and  v;hiskeys  vjere  brev;ed  and  distilled. 


-  4  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  Apr.  19,  1909. 

Iv!alt  and  barley  were  plentiful.  Foodstuffs  v;ere  not  adulterated  with 
preservatives.  All  its  meats,  wild  or  domestic,  were  tasty,  due  to 
its  abundance  of  good  food  for  the  animals. 

Poland  v/as  a  p^reat  a.^ricultural  country,  overflowing  with  its  fruits.  Every 
peasant,  even  of  the  poorest  class,  did  not  know  hunger.  His  silo  was  al- 
ways filled,  his  cellars  stocked  v/ith  prepared  foodstuffs  and  in  the  stys, 
barns,  and  coops  there  v;ere  plenty  of  hof^s,  cattle,  and  poultry. 

Polish  hospitality  was  well  knovm,  not  only  because  the  welcome  was  heart- 
felt but  because  there  was  alv/ays  something  to  treat  the  guests  v/ith.  The 
table  was  covered  with  cloth,  of  native  cotton.  Upon  it  was  a  large  loaf 
of  bread,  and  salt  from  Poland's  famous  mines.  Crlasses  were  filled  with 
drink,  and  jars  displayed  golden  honey  and  beer.  All  this  was  lavished 
upon  .quests  and  servants  as  well. 

There  was  enough  for  everybody.   In  one  of  the  historical  centers,  thou- 


-  5  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy^  Apr.  19,  1909. 

sands  of  people  who  cairie  to  elect  a  King  were  fed.  Christenings,  wedd- 
ings, funerals,  and  many  other  festal  ceremonies  lasted  many  days. 
Upon  these  occasions  many  kinds  of  bakery  goods,  including  cakes,  breads, 
cookies,  and  tarts  were  actually  poured  upon  the  table.  The  butchers  killed 
thousands  of  animals  for  the  cooks.  The  guests  could  remain  half  a  year. 


That  was  hov/  the  Polish  farmers  thrived  at  one  time.  Time  has  changed  all 
this  today.  V/hen  industry  and  commerce  supplanted  farming  and  when  Polish 
people  lost  their  freedom,  the  Polish  farmers  lost  their  land.  This  caused 
thousands  of  acres  of  land,  fertile  for  centuries,  to  grow  v/ild.  High  taxes 
were  imposed  upon  the  farmers.  This  paralyzed  the  growth  of  agriculture. 
Countless  hxindreds  of  people,  who  knew  only  farming,  were  forced  to  seek  a 
living  elsewhere,  althougii  at  one  time  conditions  of  this  kind  were  unknown. 
Drinking  spread  among  the  people  and  the  Jewish  financiers  took  control  of 
;vhat  reonained.  Our  country  lost  her  power;  with  it  agriculture  greatly  de- 
clined. The  first  and  greatest  m.eans  of  livelihood  was  lost.  But  no  matter 
what  has  happened,  the  Polish  farmer  still  produces  farm  products,  to  feed 


-  6  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zv/lazkov;y,  Apr*  19,  1909. 


millions.  And  today  we  have  Polish  people,  especially  from  villages 
and  smaller  towns,  who  understand  farming  and  every  phase  of  agricul- 
ture. Farming  is  imbeded  deep  in  the  soul  and  heart,  of  the  Polish  people. 
They  are  the  true  masters  for  tilling  the  soil.  To  this  day  they  occupy 
themselves  in  this  most  important  field. 


l.Vhy  should  not  we  interest  ourselves  in  agriculture  and  thus  take  advan- 
tage of  the  land  that  is  offered? 


I  L 

I  D  2  c 


DZIENNIK  CHICAGOSKI ,  Vol.  XV.  No.  5.  Jan. 7,  1904. 
The  Polish  Daily  News. 


POLISH  PEOPLE  MIGRATL^JG  TO  WASHINGTON. 


POLISH 


o 


first  group  of  Polish  people  are  migrating  to  the  states  of  V/ashington  and 
They  v/ill  receive  free,  tracts  of  land  v;hich  they  are  to  cultivate  and  live 
The  reason  for  this  migration  is;  the  working  man  cannot  make  a  living  in  the 
over  populated  city,  there  is  a  lack  of  work,  and  the  wages  were  cut. 


Today  the 
Oregon. 


on. 


The  Polish  people  were  raised  on  farms,  therefore  they  are  more  adapted  to  farm  life. 
I^Iany  more  are  follov/ing  their  example. 

A  group  of  Poles  will  leave  every  month  for  ^mshington  and  Oregon,  to  start  small 
town  or  communities  best  suited  for  themselves.   In  charge  of  this  migration  movement 
are  Mr.  Ossowski  and  Llr.  Eednarek. 


I  L 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Chicagoski,  Jan.  11,  1896. 
^PACIFIC  COAST  STATES  ATTRACTS  POLES/ 

A  Polish  Colonization  Society  has  been  organized  in  Bridgeport  (Chicago 
district) •  It  will  send  three  delegates  to  investigate  conditions  for  coloniza- 
tion in  the  states  of  V/ashington  and  Oregon. 


T? 

TE> 


"3 


-3 

'J 

4 


I  L 


POLISH 


Dziennlk  Chicagoski^  Jan.  9,  189 6 • 


DR.  STUHTICia  15  KiiiVING  :^*0K  T^A^HIl^GTOlI 

The  colonization  project  for  Poles  on  the  Pacific  Coast  has  created  quite  a 
lot  of  interest  here  in  Chicago. 

A  group  of  Polish  citizens  under  the  directorship  of  Dr.  Stupnicki  have  become 
interested  in  it. 

Dr.  Stupnichi,  accorapanied  by  another  person,  v;ill  travel  to  the  states  of 
V/ashington  and  Oregon, to  investigate  conditions  for  settlers.  The  doctor  will 
SDend  several  weeks  tuere  and  on  his  return  v;ill  share  his  findings  v;ith  those 
interested  in  this  project. 

Dr.  Stupnicki  has  also  pronised  to  send  our  paper  a  report. 


"O 


^X3 

o 


CD 


« 


I  L 
I  C 


POLISH 


Dzlennlk  GMcagoski^   Jan.   8,   1896. 
THE  PROJECT  TO  COLONIZE:  POLjB  H^  TIE  STATE  OF  WASIIH^GTON 

IS  proghesshtg 

(Editorial) 

From  the  Buffalo  Przeglad  Tygodniov>y  (V/eekly  Reviev;)  we  have  gained  a  quite  % 
interesting  bit  of  information  regarding  the  plan  of  a  group  of  Poles  to  settle  ^ 
in  the  State  of  Vfeshington,  on  the  Pacific  Coast.  F 

This  matter,  which  originated  in  Biiffalo,  has  excited  a  lot  of  our  citizens  in  ~  ' 
Chicago. 

"On  New  Yearns   Day,"  writes  the  Przeglad,  "a  meeting  was  held  in  Kosciusko  hall,  j 
at  which  tliis  matter  was  thoroughly  discussed. 

"According  to  the  lengthy  reports  of  the  deleg£.tes,  it  seems  that  this  state 
offers  conditions  that  will  assure  the  Polish  settlers  independence  within  a 


I  L 
I  C 


POLISH 


Dziennik  ChicagQski>  Jan.  3,  1896 


short  time.  It  was  therefore  decided  to  prepare  the  v/ay  for  colonization  at  once. 
The  first  party  of  settlers  v/ill  leave  Buffalo  this  month. 

"^.  Jurek,  283  Detroit  Street,  is  in  charge  of  this  party.  Further  inforiaation 
can  be  obtained  at  the  office  of  Przeglad  Typ.odniowy. 

"The  publisher  of  Przeglad,  L!r.  V/rzesinski,  has  departed  for  the  state  of  V/ashing- 
ton,  where  he  v;ill  join  the  delegai3s  and  travel  over  the  entire  state;  as  a 
trained  agriculturist  he  ivili  be  able  to  choose  the  most  appropriate  place  for  our 
future  Polish  settlers." 

It  is  evident  that  the  project  is  progressing.  It  is  nov;  necessary'-  that  it  be 
placed  on  a  firm  and  sound  basis,  both  in  the  legal  and  business  sense. 

We  wish  there  was  more  frankness  regarding  this  matter. 

To  date  all  we  loaow  of  it  is  from  random  articles  in  the  Przeglad.  We  do  not  know: 


— r> 


7 


I  L 

I  C 


-  ;d  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Chicagoski,  Jaiu  8,  1896 


In  what  legal  form  was  the  project  organized?  ITho  is  the  head  of  the  entire 
undertaking?  ;'Shat  are  the  conditions? 

Such  secrecy  can  only  throw  a  certain  shadow  on  the  undertaking* 

—  ■'1 

?fe  consider  the  question  of  settling  Poles  in  a  properlv  chosen  state  as  very 
important.  The  state  of  V/ashington,  as  our  ov;n  investig itions  have  proven,  is   ^ 
one  of  the  best  places  for  this  purpose.  i. 

We  therefore  look  on  this  project  to  direct  Polish  settlers  there  with  a  great 
deal  of  synpathy  and  curiosity,  :. 

But  we  also  wish  that  it  be  placed  on  such  a  basis  as  to  assure  a  permanent  and 
successful  future.  V/e  have  seen  many  similar  projects,  partly  senseless  and 
soon  discarded,  conceived  for  the  purpose  of  taking  advantage  of  our  people.  Only 
truth  and  constructive  criticisLi  can  convince  us  that  this  particular  project  has 
a  sound  and  healthy  foundation. 


I  L 


POLISH 


Dzennlk  Cliicacoski,  Dec.  29,  1893. 


1.IR,  LUBIEtlSKI  j-^n)  III3  OOLOITIES 


The  L:ilv;aul:ee  Kuiyer  Polski  (Polish  Courier) ,  a  v;eekly  paper,  lias  received  the 
follovzing  information,  dated  December  2V,  froi.i  Onalia,  Nebraska: 

"i\fter  two  v/eeks  of  parleys  between  Count  Lubienski  and  the  Conmercial  Club, 
an  agreement  has  been  finally  reached  whereby  a  sugar  refineiy  is  to  be  built 
here  next  year.  Count  Lubienski  has  guai'anteed  to  build  the  factory  and  the 
Commercial  Club  has  agreed  to  subscribe  for  .^100, 000  v/orth  of  shares. 
Lubienski  intends  to  settle  two  hundred  Polish  fcimilies  here.  In  the  Elkhom 
Valley  another  sugar  refinery  will  be  built," 

(Translator's  note:  The  Poles  in  Chicago  were  vitally  interested  in  thie 
colonization  project.) 


-a 


en 


PCLI3II 


U 


Dziennik  Oliicai^oskl ,  Dec.   12,  189a, 


On  Sunday,  l;ej3e:iber  10,   at  4  1.  ...• ,    there  v;as  a  i-ieetinf;;  at  Ij^.   ^.Iraszev/ski^s 
hall,     I..r,  j/Ilj^T"  I^'^Dienski  uas  called  UT)on  to  act  as  cliaimian  and  I.lr.  '..'Pzesinski 
as  secretary. 


The  chairii^n  subnitted  an  appeal  from  the  su^ar  industrialists  to  the  Polish 
Y/orkers  and  then  introduced  Ilr,   'C^ryglaszev/ski  of  Llinneapolis. 

Ij.   QrycTlaszev; sl:i ,   after  describing  briefly  the  history  of  Polish  colonization, 
pointed  out  that  only  famine  coulo   assure   the  Polos  of  a  i/elfare  v/hich  cannot 
be  shaken  by  financial  and  econoLiic   fluctuations, 

Lndi.io-  his  explanation,   he   stated  that  over  sixty  fairdlies   in  I-inneapolis  had 
authorized  hin  to  anjiounce  that  they  also  'aere  './illin.'-^  to  colonize. 

Then  the  chairiaan  called  on  i..r.  j^incent/'  ./rzesinsici  to  report  on  his  last  trip 


I  L 

r/ 


2 


rOLISIi 


Dziennik  Chica;QsI:i,  l;ec.  l:. ,  1893, 


to  northeastern  Canada,  uhero  an  .^.lerican  I.or;ion  coni^any  had  invited  hiia  in 
order  to  r;ive  an  opinion  as  to  vvhother  that  locality  is  c^od  for  iolish  coloniza- 
tion purposes,  i.-r.  .^rzesinsl:i  f;;ave  a  brief  description  of  the  situation  in  these 
various  localities — their  clli.iate,  rari;ii..c  and  econoiiic  conditions — and  stated 
that  the  country  there  was  suitable  for  fan-anc,  but  only  for  those  possessin^^ 
la.rge  financial  resources  and  able  to  raise  cattle,  horses  and  sheep  on  a  large 
scale 


The  teriis  for  settlers  were  then  discussed,  l.jr.   Grzeskov.dak  nade  -a  notion  that 
the  terns  be  ivjide  easier  for  the  far...ers.  The  chairi.ian  assured  hlzi   that  his 
dei.iand  v/ould  be  acted  on  as  favorably  as  possible.  Llr»  llako'^'shi  spoke  in  favor 
of  planting  beets.  Lr.  iiys  su^^ested  that  no  definite  acreage  be  devoted  to 
beets,  but  to  leave  this  to  the  discretion  of  the  farner  hinself ,  and,  further- 
Liore,  that  there  should  be  a  guarantee  against  loss  by  the  fan.ier  in  case  the 
real-estate  corapany  should  becone  banlcrupt.  The  chairrrian  assured  hiir.  that  the 
fanners  could  modify  their  contracts  so  as  to  allow  then  to  pay  in  cash  if  the 
conpany  should  beco:.ie  bankrupt,  ij:.  "liroel  -i/as  of  the  ox)inion  that  certain 


I  L 


-   ^  - 


polish: 


Dziomiik  Ghicrif;Qsiciy  Dec,   12,   lS9o, 


stipulations  coulu  be  eiibodied   in  the  contracts  that  would   insure  the  famers 
against  loss  of  their  xari.i  investj.ieiit.     ^-r*   oav;icki   inquired  ho;;  nuch  capital 
should  a  prospective  farrier  have,   and  the  chainmn  explained  that  about  five 
hundred  dollars  ivould  be  necessary,   althourji  a  smaller  aiaount  liiigiit  prove 
sufficient. 


iii'ter  a  fev;  other  speeches,  the  chairr.ian  adjourned  the  i.ieetin^j.  The  next  laeet- 
in>i;  will  be  held  on  Thursday,  L>ecei..ber  14,  at  seven  in  the  evenin.:,  in  the  saj;ie 
hall. 


v7 


A  coiiU-iittee  will  then  be  selected,  which  will  i.iahe  a  trip  to  the  lands  in 
question  and  inspect  then. 


II 

r/ 


PCLI3E 


A  2 


DzieDnik  Cnicagosk:!,  Nov.  27,  1&95. 


coLo:ii2;..Tio::  1.3  jte^ 


(Corresx^.onderice ) 

Cn  Saturday,  November  idD,  aoout  one  Lundrea  people  gathered  in  tiie  'Jarsaw 
restaurant  ball,  at  779  L:ilv;auJr:ee  .^venue,  to  hear  reports  from  llr.   Lutienski, 
S.  F*  A.  3atalec>i,  and  Llichael  Llajev/ski  about  their  trip  to  Nebraska  for  the 
purpose  of  choosing  an  appropriate  spot  for  colonization  purposes. 

L:r.  Henr\^  Lubienski  presided  and  I.Ir,  K.  Savjicki  was  secretary. 


w: 


Ir.  Lubienski  discussed  at  length  the  various  projects  submitted  to  the  dele- 
gates for  Polisn  colonization  purposes.  In  a  fertile  locality  in  eastern 
Nebraska  close  to  a  railroad  trjick  and  only  tv;o  stations  av;ay  from  on  exist- 
ing sugar  factory,  a  syndicate  of  citizens  of  t.:is  county  has  offered  2,600 
acres  near  the  city  for  a  factory,  v;ith  the  stipulotion  that  the  factory  must 
be  completed  in  lS9u.  .additional  land  v;as  reserved  to  increase  acreage,  that 


CJ' 


I  L 

II  A  2 
IV 


-  2  - 


Dziennik  Chicagoski,  Nov.  27,  1893 • 


POLISH 


is,  to  be  planted  in  sue*ar  beets,  we  cannot  divulge  the  name  of  tMs  locality 
because  v;e  v/ant  to  be  sure  that  we  v/ill  be  able  to  buy  this  additional  acreage 
at  fifteen  to  twenty  dollars  an  acre.  The  delegates  made  a  formal  agreement 
that  they  ;^Duld  take  the  cnance  of  locating  additional  capital  with  which  to 
build  a  sugar  factory,  providing  a  sufficient  niimber  of  farmers  would  assure 
a  greater  crop  of  beets.  At  present  they  offer  each  one  forty  acres  on  terms 
of  payment  at  the  rate  of  tv^enty  dollars  per  acre  of  beets  for  six  years. 

Possession  may  be  had  Llarch  1,  and  as  soon  as  a  sufficient  number  volunteer, 
a  committee  of  these  future  farmers  v/ill  travel  to  the  spot  to  convince  them- 
selves of  conditions  and  to  make  proper  plans  for  settling  dovm. 


CD 


Co 


Llr.  Satalecki  and  luT.   Llichael  Iilajev;ski  confinnea  the  statements  made  by  Mr* 
Lubienski  and,  describing  their  impressions,  said  they  v*rere  certain  that  our 
colonists  would  find  it  vorth  while  and  profitable  in  this  nev;  industrial  and 
farming  business* 


I  L 

II  A  2 

17 


-   3  - 


Dziennik:  Chicagoski,   Nov.   27,   1893. 


POLISH 


llr.  Igaacy  llachniicowski  saia  the  future  company  should  help  the  Polish  colo- 
nists to  build  their  own  homes  ancl  to  get  properly  settled  on  the  free  and 
purchased  lands. 

llessrs.  Eo  Sawlcki  and  Jablov/ski  insisted  that  the  free  lands  be  given  in 
proportion  to  the  number  of  acres  purchased  by  those  actually  farming. 

Llr.  Broel  disagreed  v;ith  them,  stating  that  the  free  land  was  granted  provid- 
ing a  factory  was  built,  and  not  to  the  colonists  directly,  vuho  can,  if  they 
wish,  become  stockholders  in  the  factory.  Receiving  2,800  free  acres  will 
help  in  the  purchase  by  cash  of  a  larger  acreage  for  sugar  beets. 

The  payments  for  the  land  of  five  dollars  per  ton  of  beets  are  very  reasonable. 
At  least  one  hundred  and  fifty  families  should  visit  the  chosen  spot.  Plant- 
ing beets  on  only  one  fourth  of  the  farm,  or  on  ten  acres,  they  could  easily 
earn  six  hundred  dollars,  and  after  paying  one  hundred  fifty  dollars  annually 


I  L 

II  A  2 
IV 


-  4  - 


Dziennllc  Chlcagosxci,   Nov,   27,   1895 


POLISH 


in  paymeat  for  tiie  land,  they  still  would  have  four  hundred  and  fifty  dollars • 

Mr*  Panek  mentioned  that  the  colonists  ought  to  be  protected  so  that  they 
could  make  their  pajTuents  in  Cc.sh  and  not  v/ith  beets,  in  case  the  factory  was 
not  built  or  v;as  closed. 


Messrs*  Grerzkiewicz,  Ciesielski,  and  Lacki  explained  that  from  their  ov/n  ex- 
perience they  knov/  that  planting  of  sugar  beets  near  a  factory,  and  using 
the  v;aste  froir.  the  beets  as  fooa  for  their  own  cattle,  is  of  considerable 
help  to  the  farmer  and  enriches  him  quickly* 


CD 


Mr*  Lubienski  then  closed  the  meeting  by  advising  future  colonists  to  sign  up 
with  Mr.  Michael  Majev;ski  at  once.  Details  of  the  agreement  with  the  colonists 
will  be  announced  in  the  press. 


I  L 

III  A 


Dziennik  Ghica  -oski,   IIov.    25,    1G95. 


( Correspondence ) 

!Ir.  Ilenr^r  Lubienslzi  h\s  endeavcrod  to  explain  to  us,  in  a  nuab3r  of  articles 
printed  in  Dziennil:  CJhica^oski,  hov;  we  .oIjs  cou?Ld  soart  a  nov;  industr-,^  iiere 
in  A-^^erica,  srJiance  our  O'./n  and  tiie  n-tion'n  ./elfare,  a:d  r.:iva  enploy.r.ent  to 
thousands  in  this   tiae  of  industrial  depression. 

* 

The  indus:^r:r  referred  to  by  ::r.  Lubiens::i  is  the  planting;:  of  .;hite  sugar 
beets  and  the  manufacture  of  su^^ar  therefrora. 


O 


CxJ 


The  .;riter  of  this   article  read  all  of  the  previous  articles  of  'Ir.   Lubienshi 
and  77as  i.eartened  to  thinh  thit  the  I'oles  .vouLi  shov;  the  v/orld  sone thing  nev;, 


T 


TT 


"TT 


IV 


■DOT  XqTT 


Dziennil:  Chica,G:osl:i,  ivov*  loo,  1893 


that  thev  v/ould  outdo  tho  .j:iGri.Gans  in  business,  I  ;;as  ^l^d  because,  in 
the  series  of  articles  rjat^-stin^^  this  nev;  inv^ustry,  arnuinonts  presiu:iably 
thorouohly  undei-stood  were  quotjd,  .nd  the  entire  i.Toject  .vas  so  beautifully^ 
represented,  tliat  the  v/ritor  felt  thut  ho  could  not  believe  3ver\^thing 
I.lr.  r.ubienski  ;;rote.  Ctaers  thoucht  like..ise.   .here  were  a  fe..  who  uucarao 
so  heartily  interested,  t::at  ^hey  seriously  con^iuered  investinc  their  o\r/n 
capital  and  their  ov/n  labor,   und  dependiny  on  this  nev;  indus-^ry  to  enrich 
them. 


-a 


-T3 
CD 


CD 


This  natter  has  becoiie  one  of  interest  to  tho  public,  -  nd   I  vrish  tnerefore 
to  v;rit3  a  fev;  lines  re^^ardin-  it,  :3efore  ohose  Lh::.t  are  enployed  throv; 
av;ay  tlieir  positions,  or  those  thiit  are  terr.poi-arily  une:.iuloyed  leave  this 
cit-  tiiat  in  tho  past  has  given  the:.!  a  GOod  liviny,  before  some  of  you  sinh 
your  small  fortunes  into  a  nev;  undertahinG,  ^^Q   believe  it  the  duty  of  the 
i'olish  prer.s  to  thorouchly  debate  the  question  and  brine  out  its  ycod  and 
bad  joints. 


I  L 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Qhicagosl:!,  Nov.  £3,  189S. 

I  hereby  stand  ready  to  debate  the  issue,  and  at  once  proclaici  that  I  am 
thoroughly  opposed  to  the  viev/s  expressed  in  the  articles  v«/ritten  by 
Mr,  Lubienski.  I  believe  the  planting  of  sugar  beets  is  not  profitable 
and  that  it  is  not  the  proper  thing  for  us  to  do  for  the  followii^  reasons: 

This  sugar  beet  proposition  is  not  new  to  us  here  in  America.  Its  long 
history  can  teach  us  a  lot»  ^very  iimerican  knows  that  the  fanaing  of  sugar 
beets  or  sugar  cane  in  the  United  States  and  the  manufacture  of  sugar  there- 
from have  been  considered  unprofitable  after  innumerable  experiments,  after 
the  expending  of  millions  of  dollars  by  the  United  States  Government  and 
yet  more  millions  by  private  corporations. 


CD 


CO 


cjr» 


In  order  to  give  impetus  to  a  new  industry  that  would  supply  a  need  in  the 
country,  the  United  States  Government  imposed  a  high  duty  on  all  sugar 
imported  from  the  South,  and  for  many  years  urged  that  private  capital  be 


17 


Dzi6nni>.   Chic  .■"'Os!:i,    ;  ov.    So,    li;-:9o 


invested  in  this  un.:arta.:inr.  ".."et,  ..i*ter  iiLiny  Ion 
thci  net  rasult  has  baaii  tl^t  not  oven  one  tenth  o:? 
t-.on  could  be   sui^i^liod   in   tliis  ifiarmer. 


;  ye  iPvS  oJ   e::perim':^ntaticn, 
the   needs  oi*  the   "jODula- 


o 


JcnvincGd  then   ohat  tlie  United  :jtate3   is  unable   zo  rurnish  a  sufi^icient 
supply  oi*  su.^ar  Tor   the  needs  Ox"  the    popul'^.tion,   the  r.e  ublican  .^dninistra- 
ticn  then  in  TDo.^er   (in  the  .ear  1890),    abolished  the   sucar  Larifr   ccapletely. 
T'o   sarep;uara  those  v/lio   .;ere   urf;ed  to   invest   in  this  su^yir  indastry,    so  tliat 
they  ..ould  not   lose  the  raoney  they  investea,    ::nj   Governi.ient    allov/ea  their,  a 
'^bounty**  oC  t.;o  cuncs   a  pound,   ;vhich  left  the   3ituation    luch  the   sar.e  as 
before,   v;ith  the  tariff   imposed. 

Uav   cci'ies  the    .;uo3tion,   '::hi;  ^liouldn't  the   farming  of  su.:a-    beets  :.na  cane 
in  the  United  Jtates  be  as  nrofitable  as   it   is   in  other  countries,   notably 
in  Uussia  and  Pol^aid,    in  aerr.any,   3pain,   and   Jentral  and  Jouth  .jierica? 


-no 
CD 


CO 


D 


I't..  loll 


III 

VI 


V    .-^ 


hi 


lenni::  JnicagosKi,   .,ov,   ^o,   idt?o. 


139: 


Boet  r.isin;::  in  these  countries  recuiros  painstcuiing  care  and  I'ertile  soil. 
i:ut  in    Jissia  tiie  'GariiT  on  Giv::nr  is  hirher  th'\n  it   v/as   in   one  United  .states, 
and  considerably  ::i;u3r  tlian  our  o.*ji   ''bounty'".      The  "-ricG  oi*  3u;;"ar  is  hi::hGr, 
and  the   labor,    ./hich  eve-.-^ybody  Irnows   is  so  bacl:breal:inc  in  the  cultivation 
of  beets,    is   ccyond  conparison  d.ea-oer  there  than  in  the  United  otates.   .cus- 
sia  and    ol?ind,  noreover,   possess   soil  tx.at   is  nore  sui;^able  than  that  in 
l.ebraska,    :-.]ic.  Tarthernoro    Irou^ht   in   .wUs:ia  or  Poland  is  practically  un- 
heard of,  v;hilG  in  .."ebraska  it   is  a  co..L..on  3u.ru.1er  occurrence.      ..hat  holds 
true  of  .'.ussia  and  FoL^nd  can  also  be   sij^ici  of  other  countries  in  ..urope. 


-XD 


CO 

CD 

UTf 


,..et's  yet  bac}:  to  .-c.'.erica.     Cf  eveiy  hundrea  "pounds  01    su[':ar  consuiaea  nere, 
90  percent     is  i;.iportcd  fron  the    ^outh,   riainly  fro.i  Cuba.      It  arrives   in 
its  rav;  state,    and  is  refined  Iiere. 


The  Cuban  clirii.te  is   ideal  for  su^ar  beet  raisin^':,   dS  i"o  is  in  Veriozuela, 


T 


III 


^OLISH 


Dziennil:  Ohica::;o3-:i,   i:ov.   25,    13C5« 


Central  rjierica,   j-^iriaica,   3an  Do^iin^'o,    (wjiero  a  certain  Pole  o'^ms  consider- 
able  acr^a.c-e  planted  in  su^'ar  beets;,   and   .  orto  "ice. 


uban  soil  is  so   .veil  a..aT)ted  to  sur-ar   ..eet   jl^mtin^^  tiiat  it  is  S'^lTiciant 
to  lioe  and  replant   it  once  eveiv  ten  7ears.      It   is  a  fact  tliat  the  tenth 
year  crop  is  as  g::od  -s  the  first  year  crop  is   in  Louisicina.     The   juban  first 
year  crop  \z  fourfold  that  of  .-ouisiana.      Jince  the  abolition  of  sl:.ver:^ 
in  Cuba  the  i^luntations   are  worked  by   ■•Patrocinadas  Par   ..1  Dujno,"     v/riich 
neans  tliat  the  for.ier  slaves  re: lain  ./ith  their  for...er  nasters,   but  :;et  a 
couple  of  dollars  a  ..onth  over  the  for::ier  v;age  paid  tne  slaves,    ..nich  aiounted 
to  about  si^  dollars  a  r.ionta  in  paper  raoney,   equivalent  to  three  dollars  in 
OTld, 


ex* 
c:: 


Chinese  labor  under  contract  has  been  ./orkin^  here  for  nany  r.-ears,     __abor 
in  Cuba  is,  tuerefore,    beyond  coiiparison  cl.eaper  tiuai  t:ie   labor  of  free 


IV 


-  ?  - 


71  A 


r*^ 


■uzieiini:-:  unica::os;:i, 


ov. 


PC  lis: 


citizens  of   th-^  U.ii  :/0d  States,  .;liil-^-  the  crops  are  aany  tr.i-s  ^^'eater. 


"O 


Hie  :>uba2i  situ?\tion  is  rc../eat'jd  on  the    .est   Indies   „nd  in  Veno'^'iela.     3o 
liov;  can  it  bo  possible,    considering-^   these   I'acts  ^^nd  the  additional  fact 
tiiat  a   ''bocoy,''  :.:eanii>':   i  barrel  v;eic^hinc  about   15.0  hilo::r:rns  or  oOoO 
pounds,   can  be   sent  frc.i  Cuba  to  the  bnited  states  -l  a   cosl  of  only  one 
dollar,    or  300  pounds   Tor  one    centv      i   re  eat,   hov;  can   it  be   possible  for 
'XI   in  the  United  States   to  coifuetu   .;ith  the  oouth? 


..^Tiericans   .;ho  Iiave  .Tost  fortunes   in  both  are  convinced  tnere  is  no  chance 
for  coLipotition,     I  sh-ire  in  tneir  belief.      If,   hov/ever,  ...r.   ^..ubiansiri 
v/ill  fii:d  laborers  v/illinr!  tc    .vor.-:  for  less   Lilian  one-fourtn  of   .;hat  a  he/3i*o 
earns   in  the   oouth,    ana   if  .^e   is   ^ble  to    ue.-saade  soine  capitalisi/   to   invest 
i::i  his  project,    then  pei^iiaps  lie   ./ill   succeed  in  part.     ;.ei'sonally,    I   .vculd 
prefer   th;t  otner  -Ghan  lolish  capital  v;ould  be  interested,    otner  labor  than 


Ml 


"-II 


17 


o 


_'L  .-'X  0_'a 


i\. 


-jzionnik:  Ohlca::os  :i,    ..ov.    23,   185o 


-olish,    and  hc?Jids   tliat    ;r8  3curi.ll:'  blc.ck  ai'ter  as   boxoro  v/asliin^: — and  _  v/oiild 
i^eel   oorr/   for  tlier.  also,   becaasa  alter  all  tliey  belon,;  to  tke  human  race. 


i3» 


L. 


.editorial   JoirLiient 


..6  subrait   tliis   article,    -vhicli  criticises  tlie   arr-zxaents   oi*  x'r.   ..enr^r  Lubiensici 
i.i  his  articles  on  su/;;;ar  boat   ramin^   in    --i-ierica,    •.;liicL  a opearad  in  Jziennik 
Chlcagosl:i,    baliovinc:  that  you  should  hoar  and  oiiderstaiid  both  sides. 

The  organizinr:  of  new     olish  colonics  is  of  too    -reat  irnci't  iiice  not  to  be 
debated  frcn  all  angles   ..u3fcre   oein.::  carried  into  effect.       .e  iriblished 
:;r.  Lubienski's  articles  in  Jzieimih  Chic:.{;oG]:i  because  they  presented  a 


CD 

err 


"   "J   - 


III  A 
17 


zierjiii:  Cliicacoski,   .:cv.   ^-.o,   lo::70 


really  v;onderful  orportu:iit7  and  .ve^e  based  on  .lany  ^miustakinr:  calcuiutions 
a 'id  xiguroG, 

.'e  Ji'ide  ::o  personal  co.n.ient  on  ttese  articles,    preferrir;;^   to  loave  the  nat- 
ter of  criticlsia  in  ..icre  conpotent  hands,      ^his   correspondence  de^.ls  airecT^ly 
■.vit":i  the  ar^iLMcnts    -.dvf/nced  bv  I.lr.   Lubijns'ci   in  his  articles.      ..e  hO':>e  that 
the  project  pi  nno-S   will  doi^n  to  ans/er,   and  that   rrcn  a   conparison  oT  the 
tv/o  viev;noints   sone  inklin.--  of   truth  v;ill  ar^near. 

If  this   b3et  farninp;  project   is   b.ised  on  lasting  econoaic  foundations,    it 
vvill  .;ithstand   tlie  r.iost  violent   criticis.::;    if  it   does  not,    then  \;e  v/ill  be 
saved  from  the  ugly  consequences  of  an  econor.ic  rriira^^e. 


-v3 

CD 


To  uiiderstand  the  Question  better  :io  v/ish  sor.ie  conpetent     erson  v/ould  ciccurately 


I  L 
III  A 
IV 


-  10  - 


Dziennik  Chicagoskl,  Nov.  23,  1893, 


POLISH 


inform  us  as  to  the  following: 

1.  Kov/  many  workers  and  what  kind  of  labor  is  necessary  to  farm  one  acre 
of  sugar  beets,  and  how  many  acres  could  be  tilled  by  a  Polish  family  of 
five  people — husband,  wife,  and  three  children — excluding  the  time  for 
other  household  duties  and  attendance  at  school  of  children  under  14  years 
of  age?  2.  How  would  the  earnings  of  such  labor  for  equivalent  acreage 
compare  with  the  earnings  of  a  laborer  on  a  beet  farm  owned  by  another 
person?  The  answers  to  these  two  questions  will  prove  whether  Llr.  L.  11*3 
criticism  is  justified^  The  ansv/ers  will  show  whether  an  average  Polish 
family  can  till  the  acreage,  planted  in  beets,  sufficient  to  guarantee  the 
profits  as  submitted  by  !.ir,  L.  in  his  articles.  Or  will  it  be  necessary  to 
hire  outside  labor  to  help  in  farming  ten  acres  (see  Mr.  L*s  article)?  And 
finally,  will  the  eamin^^s  be  equal  to  those  earned  by  an  average  farm  hand 
in  the  United  States,  or  will  it  be  like  the  cheap  pay  of  a  Ilegro  in  Cuba? 


-o 


-T5 


^ 


:ion2"iir: 


-  11  - 


Oliica  :oo/:i,   ..'ov.    25,    1093. 


POLISH 


If  the  Litter  gIiouIq  bo  true,    thon  I!r.   L.  ...    ./ould  be  justified.     Otherrvise 
his   corresponde'/.ce   .;oulu  not   »vithstcind  con/,tructive  criticisia  and  v/ould  not 
be  justified.       .e  therefore  leave  this  -vitter  open  for  further  discussion, 
believin^^  that  a  r.atter  of  such  i:ii:)oi*t:-nce,     ;hich  is   intimately  associated 
with  the  lives  of  Many  of  our  Polish  faiiiilies,    cannot  be  put   into  execution 
v;it:iout   uue  thour-Jit,   debate,   the   clarification  of  misuiiuerstood  points, 
and  a  positive    Jid  coi.iplete  state:.:ent   tlia'v:  the   project   is  based  on  a  fim 
and  ratioi"^::!   foundation. 


■T3 
O 


I  L 
IV 


POLISH 


c 


Dziennik  Chica^goski,  Oct.  8,  1S92. 


THE  MYSLBiWSKI  SOCIETY  TO  PURCHASE  LAND  IN  MICHIGAN 


At  a  meeting  held  last  Thtirsday,  the  Myslewski  Society  appointed  a  committee, 
composed  of  A.  J.  Kowalski.  A.  Szulc,  P.  Wleklinski,  Joseph  Marson.  P.  Okoniew- 
ski,and  M.  Durski,  to  look  over  a  tract  of  land  in  the  vicinity  of  St.  Joseph, 
Michigan. 

The  Society  plpns  to  "buy  a  large  tract  of  land  sn^  parcel  it  into  small  farms. 
It  will  also  build  a  home  for  the  convenience  of  its  members. 


O 

CO 
CD 

ro 
— J 


I  L  POLISE 

ZQODA  FDlish  National  Alliance  Vol.  VI,  No.  9,  Mar.  2,  1887. 

ATTENTION  POLISH  PEOPLE 

A  big  excursion  to  northern  Minnesota  to  see  tracts  of  land  suitable  for  fanning 
•will  leave  Monday,  I/iarcli  21,  at  eleven  A.  M.  People  wishing  to  see  this  wonderful 
section  of  land,  will  please  come  and  see  I^^lr.  Stominski. 

The  train  fare  from  Chicago  is  only  ten  dollars  for  a  round  trip,  but  if  you  buy 
a  tract  of  land  this  amount  will  be  a  part  of  down  payment.  I  am  sure,  that  the 
people  taking  this  trip  will  be  so  satisfied  that  they  will  buy  at  least  one  acre 
of  land.  This  section  is  near  town  and  close  to  railroads. 


People  buying  land  will  be  given  six  years  to  pay  for  it.  You  needn^t  be  afraid 
to  buy  this  land.  No  doubt  you  have  read  nunierous  articles  about  it  in  the  Polish 
newspapers. 

In  this  new  Polish  colony,  under  the  name  of  "Poznan,^  there  is  located  the  Red 
^ood  Company  of  Minnesota.  Here  the  l^nd  is  as  low  as  $6.00  up  to  §8.00  an  acre. 
At  the  time  of  purchase  only  one  dollar  an  acre  is  required  as  a  deposit,  and  the 
rest  payable  in  six  years  at  7  per  cent  interest,  minus  the  $10.00  train  fare. 


-2- 


POLISH 


ZQODA  Polish  National  Alliance  7ol,  VI,  No.  9,  Mar.  2,  1887. 


This  is  the  ideal  location  in  Minnesota  for  farming,  cattle  raising,  and  raising 
of  other  domestic  aniirals.  All  of  you  have  intentions  of  buying,  please  do  not 
hesitate,  because  now  is  the  time  to  buy,  lihile  the  prices  are  low.  Furthermore, 
you  are  used  to  working  on  your  own  farm  and  not  to  this  continuous  changing  of 
work  in  the  city  factories,  where  they  do  not  guarantee  you  work  in  your  old  age. 
For  information  pertaining  to  the  land  in  Llinnesota,  write  to 

St*  Slominski 

666  Milwaukee  Avenue 

Chicago,  111. 


I.  ATTITUDES 
M.  Health 

and  Sanitation 


ms 


V  f  ■  ■ 


"-7 


^  ■/■ 


^ 


:/. 


•^ 


.f;^. 


.<■  ■■  { 


,,  ■  *.• 


■> 


(■'  •^.-.r' 


I  M 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Chicaccoski.  Jan.  12,  1928. 

TO  TIiS  CITIZSIIS  OF  HA/'miOHNS  AND  7ICIIJITY' 

Businessmen's  Association  Protests  against 

Dumping  Refuse  in  Abandoned  9,uarries 

Undoubtedly,  everyone  in  the  Hawthorne  area  is  a^vare  that  the  quarries  in 
the  South  and  Southwest  Sides  are  being  filled  with  refuse  brought  from 
various  parts  of  Chicago.  The  dumped  refuse  lies  there  exposed  to  the 
elements  until  it  rots  or  is  set  on  fire.   The  stench  emanating  from  it  is 
beyond  description,  to  say  nothing  of  the  fact  that  during  the  summer  it 
constitutes  a  danger  to  health.   But  this  is  not  all.  Due  to  this  unsanitary 
condition,  the  value  of  property  in  the  district  depreciates  a  great  deal. 
For  quite  a  time  protests  have  been  made,  but  so  far  no  steps  have  been  taken 
to  remedy  the  situation.  The  local  Businessmen's  Association  has  tried  to 
find  a  solution  to  the  problem.  The  Association  invited  an  official  of  the 
Hawthorne  district  to  one  of  its  meetings  and  asked  him  whether  or  not  some- 
thing could  be  done.   The  City  Council  was  also  asked  .  Although  many  promises 
have  been  made,  nothing  has  been  accomplished  to  alleviate  this  condition. 


I  M 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Chicagoski,  Jan.  12,  1928* 

With  the  coming  of  spring  not  so  far  off,  the  smell  from  the  refuse  dumps 
will  envelop  the  neighborhood  once  again.  Because  of  this  the  Hawthorne 
Businessmen's  Association  has  resolved  to  put  up  a  fight  to  the  end. 

A  committee  has  been  named  to  find  a  solution  to  this  problem.  Its  mem- 
bers are  A.  L^ciejewski,  S.  Witkowski,  K.  Celmera,  and  S.  Sikorski.  The 
committee  has  engaged  an  attorney  to  investigate  the  matter  and  to  prefer 
charges,  v;hich  will  be  brought  before  the  courts.  An  attempt  will  be 
made  to  prevent  the  ovmers  of  these  stone  quarries  from  permitting  the 
city  to  dump  its  refuse  on  their  property. 

To  a  certain  extent,  this  problem  should  be  solved  by  the  city  officials 
or  the  Board  of  Health.  No  one  can  understand  why  the  city  officials  are 
so  slow  in  taking  action  in  this  direction.  Llaybe  it  is  because  they  can 
do  nothing  about  it.  That  is  why  an  appeal  is  being  made  now  to  all 
citizens  to  support  this  movement.  This  support,  of  course,  is  necessary 
because  litigation  costs  will  reach  a  considerable  sum,  too  heavy  for  the 


I  M 


-  3  - 


POLISH 


Dzlennik  Chlca^oskl,  Jan.  12,  19E8. 

Businessmen's  Association  to  carry  alone.  Help  is  needed  from  every  citizen 
sharing  these  unpleasauit  conditions.  With  the  support  of  all,  we  will  be 
able  to  fight  this  battle  to  the  end. 

This  is  not  a  political  fight,  but  a  fight  to  safeguard  the  health  of  every 
citizen  living  in  Hawthorne  and  vicinity — a  fight  to  protect  the  health  of 
every  feuaily.  There  is  no  reason  why  this  community  should  not  be  as  pleasant 
to  live  in  as  other  communities.  Ibis  locality  can  be  as  clean  as  it  was  of 
old,  when  people  from  many  parts  of  the  city  used  to  come  to  enjoy  the  fresh- 
ness of  the  atmosphere.  Today  people  keep  away  from  here  as  if  the  place 
were  a  plague-spot. 


It  is  felt  that  the  people  of  this  locality  are  entitled  to  a  good  and  clean 
neighborhood,  something  to  be  proud  of,  and  that  is  lihy   an  appeal  is  made 
for  support*  In  the  near  future  a  general  mass  meeting  will  be  held  in  one 
of  the  larger  halls  of  the  ccramunity.  Everyone  is  invited  to  attend.  The 
opinions  of  others  on  this  question  will  be  of  interest. 


3  m% 


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I  M 


-  4  - 


POLISH 


Dzlennlk  Chicagoski,  Jan.  12,  1928* 
Committee  of  the  Hawthorne  Businessmen's  Association. 


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POLISH 


II 

"b 

2 

f 

II 

B 

2 

g 

17 

Dzlennik  ^v;iazI-cov/y,  July  20,  1917. 


:M3DICAL  L2:CT[TRE3  70R   polish  MOTTIiiRS 


•Hie  Polish  physicians  of  our  city  have  just  made  a  decision  of  great  importance, 
we  learn.   Since  the  state  of  health  in  Chicago  is  unsatisfactory,  and  on  the 
northv/est  side  of  the  city  residents  are  not  adherin.;  as  they  should  to  rules 
of  sanitation,  often  with  the  result  that  unpleasant  incidents  occur  with  the 
health  department,  to  say  nothinfr  of  the  detrimental  effect  upon  the  general 
health  of  the  Polish  people,  the  Polish  physicians  have  decided  to  give  a 
series  of  lectures  on  health  and  hygiene  for  Polish  women,  who  ou^ht  to  knov/ 
how  to  conduct  their  households  under  healthful  and  hygienic  conditions,  how 
to  rear  their  children  and  feed  them  properly,  and  so  on.   The  lectures  will 
be  held  daily  except  Saturday  and  Sunday  at  two  o'clock  in  the  afternoon  at 
2ckhart  Park,  Noble  Street  and  Chicago  .^venue,  beginning  next  Monday  /july  2^. 


CO 

ro 
cr 


The  Polish  physicians  \±o   have  decided  to  give  these  free  lectures,  appeal, 
through  the  columns  of  Dziennik  Zwiazkov^^,  to  all  Polish  mothers  who  are  con- 
cerned with  the  health  of  their  families  to  attend  the  first  lecture  on  Monday. 
Mothers  may  bring  their  children. 


B^'  - 


—  *^  — 

^  <w»  • 


POLISH 


Dzlennlk  Zwiazkov.y^  July  20,  1917 


I  M 

II  B  2  f 
II  B  2  g 

IV 

The  Polish  physicians  submitted  the  follovdn^^j;  appeal  with  a  request  for  pub- 
lication: 

To  Polish  Mothers! 

A  great  many  children  and  infants  die  in  the  sunnier  months,  mostly  from  stomach 
and  intestinal  ailments.  In  Polish  comiPiunities,  densely  populated  and  none  too 
clean,  the  death  rate  amon^  children  is  appallingly  high  and  the  chief  cause  is 
the  ignorance  of  Polish  mothers.  The  majority  do  not  know  how  to  care  for  their 
children,  hov;  to  feed  them  properly,  how,  and  how  often  to  bathe  them,  or  what 
sort  of  clothes  they  should  wear.  Diarrhea,  v/ith  which  so  raan^''  children  suffer 
in  the  sumraer  months,  is  usuallj^  the  result  of  improper  feeding,  either  in  re- 
spect to  the  quantity  or  the  kind  of  food  given.  The  ignorance  of  mothers 
causes  sickness,  expense,  sorro\/,  and  often  death — ignorance,  but  sometimes 
neglect  also. 


CO 


In  order  to  change  this  state  of  affairs  and  thus  to  lower  the  death  rate  among 


I  M 


-  3  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwlazkovi.y>   July  20,  1917. 


II  B  2  f 
II  B  2  g 
17 

children,  the  Association  of  Polish  Physicians  of  Chicago  is  arranging  a 
series  of  popular  lectures  for  mothers  during  the  week  of  July  23  to  28  in-      ^ 
elusive.  The  lectures  will  be  held  at  Eckhart  Park,  Noble  Street  and  Chicago     5 
Avenue,  daily  from  two  to  four  o'clock  in  the  afternoon.  The  program  of  lectures  ^ 
is  as  follov/s:  ^ 


Mondaj'*:  tv/o  to  tliree  o'clock,  Dr.  A.  Balcerzak,  "General  Hygiene";  three  to  four 
o'clock.  Dr.  W.  Statkie^vicz,  "Feeding  of  Infants  and  Hygiene". 

Tuesday:  two  to  three  o'clock,  Dr.  J.  M.  Kostrzewski,  "General  Prevention  of 
Disease";  three  to  four  o'clock.  Dr.  F.  Cienciara,  'Trevention  of  Diarrhea". 


CO 


Wednesday:  tv/o  to  three  o'clock.  Dr.  A.  Pietrzykov/ski,  "First  Aid  in  Sickness"; 
three  to  four  o'clock.  Dr.  F.  Lenart,  "When  to  Call  the  Doctor". 


Thursday:  two  to  three  o'clock.  Dr.  S.  Boguslawski,  "Sraallpox,  V.Tiooping  Cough, 
Rickets,  Consumption,  and  Paralysis";  three  to  four  o'clock.  Dr.  A.  Szumkowski, 


I  M  -  4  - 

II  B  2  f 
II  B  2  g 
IV 

"Infectious  Diseases,  Gcarlet  Fever,  Diphtheria,  and  Measles", 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkoxvy,  July  20,  1917 


Friday:  two  to  three  o^clock,  Dr.  F.  Kalacinski,  "Nutrition,  Feeding";  three  to 
four  0* clock,  Dr.  K.  Gieraltowski,  "Nutrition,  Breast  Feeding". 


He   invite  all  Polish  mothers  and  wives  to  the  first  course.  The  lectures  will 
be  concise,  interesting;,  and  practical,  and  v/hat  is  most  important,  they  will 
be  given  in  Polish.   Tliose  -vho  listen  to  them  v;ith  attention  and  understanding 
will  learn  much  in  the  ^vav  of  preventing  children's  illnesses  and  may  save  a 
good  deal  of  expense,  sorrow,  and  misfortune,   ^^very  vxoman  who  has  children 
should  attend  these  lectures  and  encourage  her  friends  and  acauaintances  to  do 
likewise. 


We  have  hopes  that  the  clergy  '^11  support  our  efforts  from  the  pulpit,  and  that 
the  press  will  do  so  by  publishing  our  appeal  in  its  columns.   If  the  first  course 
at  Eckhart  Park  is  well  attended,  similar  lectures  will  be  given  in  other  Polish 
communities  throu-^hout  the  city. 

ResDectfully, 

The  Association  of  Polish  Physicians  of 

Chicago. 


in 


POLISH 


I  H 
I  C 


Dziennik  Zwia2ko;\yy,  Feb.  19,  1915 


SUGEiaC  LA7;S  FOR  ICllS^ 


The  state  medical  association  is  preparing  a  health  bill  to  be  submitted  for 
consideration  by  the  state  legislature,  which  will  create  a  law  in  the  state 
of  Illinois  providing  the  necessity  of  a  medical  examination  of  all  applicants 
for  a  marriage  license. 

At  the  present  time  men  only  are  subject  to  this  requirement,  women  being 
exempt;  this  is  not  fair  and  such  exemption  should  not  be  given  to  v/omen.  The 
bill  reads  as  follows: 

All  persons  who  are  about  to  be  married  are  required  by  law  to  submit  to  a 
physical  examination  fifteen  days  prior  to  the  application  for  the  license. 

This  examination  is  to  be  performed  by  a  duly  authorized  physician  who  possesses 
a  license  to  practice  medicine  in  the  state  of  Illinois.  To  secure  this  cer- 
tificate of  health  the  applicants  must  be  free  of  all  contagious  and  venereal 


-o 


no 
:=0 

o 


I  H 


-  2  - 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy>  Feb*  19,  1915 


POLISH 


diseases. 


The  exanining  physician's  fee  shall  not  exceed  five  dollars  per  examination. 


n-jj 


This  newly  proposed  bill  gives  the  examining  physician  the  right  to  refuse  the 
issuance  of  this  certificate  in  the  event  that  his  findings  are  unsatisfactory 
and  do  not  meet  the  requirements  of  the  medical  association* 

In  the  event  a  physician  refuses  to  issue  the  health  bill,  and  should  this  meet 
disapproval  or  create  a  doubt  in  the  mind  of  the  applicant,  the  latter  shall 
under  the  law  be  entitled  to  file  a  sworn  statement  of  objection  in  the  office 
of  the  county  clerk,  emd  thereupon  submit  to  a  thorough  examination  by  a  com- 
mission of  physicians  appointed  by  the  Ciovernor  of  the  state  of  Illinois  for 
this  express  purpose.  The  decision  based  on  these  findings  shall  be  final. 


ZJO 
O 


CD 


The  bill  likewise  has  a  stipulation  that  any  person  found  guilty  of  i\rillfully 
evading  this  law  and  its  provisions  by  establishing  a  temporary  residence  in 


1 11 

I  H 
I  C 


-  3  - 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  Feb*  19,  1915. 


POLISH 


another  state  with  matrimony  as  his  objective,  is  subject  to  prosecution  in 
the  municipal  branch  of  courts,  and  is  liable  to  a  fine  not  less  than  ten 
dollars  and  not  exceeding  one  thousand  dollars  emi   imprisonment  of  not  less 
than  thirty  days  and  not  to  exceed  one  year  in  the  county  jail  or  both. 
Should  this  bill  be  approved  and  passed  by  the  state  legislature,  it  is  the 
desire  of  this  newspaper  to  secure  an  appointment  for  at  least  two  Polish 
physicians  to  the  commission,  as  this  would  give  the  Poles  of  the  state  of 
Illinois,  and  particularly  Chicago,  a  fair  and  very  necessary  representation. 


-a 

3=» 


25 


CO 
CD 


I  M 


POLISH 


Dzlennik  Zwiazkowy,  Jan.  11,  1915. 
POLES  TO  PARTICIPATE  IN  HEALTH  EXPOSITION 


Polish  welfare  workers  will  hold  a  Polish  Day  on  Wednesday,  January  13,  1915, 
from  2:30  P.M.  until  9:30  P.M.,  at  the  Health  Exposition  which  has  been  in  pro- 
gress since  November  30,  1914,  at  the  ^hicago/^  City  Club  Building,  315  Plymouth 
Court,  under  the  sponsorship  of  the  Municipal  Club. 

Every  Pole  desiring  to  co-operate  in  bettering  our  health  and  sanitary  conditions 
should  visit  this  exposition.  Here  he  will  find  tables,  charts,  pictures,  etc., 
showing  the  procedure  he  should  follow  in  order  to  prevent  sickness  or  check  its 
spread;  also  the  importance  of  sanitary  measures  when  health  is  exposed  to  danger 
through  uncleanliness.  The  mere  fact  that  the  exposition  occupies  six  floors  of 
the  City  Club  Building  will  give  one  some  idea  of  what  benefits  may  be  derived 
from  visiting  the  place • 

A  community  dinner  for  Polish  welfare  workers  and  other  guests  wishing  to  parti- 
cipate will  be  held  ^n  Polish  Daj^,  at  6:30  P.M.,  in  the  dining  hall  of  the 


CD 

ro 

--4 

or* 


I  M 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  Jan.  11,  1915* 

building.  The  cost  of  the  dinner  will  be  seventy-five  cents  per  person.  Be- 
ginning at  8  P.M.,  there  will  be  lectures  and  discussions  on  health  and  sanitation^ 
Everyone  is  invited  to  attend.  Admission  is  free.  ^ 


O 


CO 

cz> 


I  M 
IV 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy^  Jan.  5,  1915* 

Tffii:  POLISH  SOCIAL  Jl^ORKERS  CLUB 

A  meeting  of  the  Polish  Social  ^Vorkers  Club  was  held  on  January  3,  1915  at  the 
School  of  Civics  and  Philanthropy,  116  South  Michigan  Avenue,  Election  of 
officers  and  discussion  of  plans  in  connection  with  the  Polish  Day  to  be  held 
at  the  Exposition  of  Health  and  Sanitation  in  the  Chicago  City  Club  were  the 
order  of  the  Day# 

The  newly  elected  administration  is  composed  of  Miss  E.  Napieralska,  president; 
Mr.  T.  Szmergalski,  vice-president;  Mr.  F.  D,  Oglozinski,  recording  secretary; 
Mr.  J.  Jokaitis,  financial  secretary;  and  Mr.  J.  Skibinski,  treasurer. 
3.  Napieralski,  E.  Skorupa,  and  T.  Sleszynski  form  the  executive  committee 
which  completes  the  administration. 


The  program  committee  is  composed  of  Miss  M.  Paszkiewicz,  Mrs.  K.  Janicki, 

Mrs.  Josephine  Franciszczak,  Mrs.  .Vanda  Dombrowski,  and  Mr.  Thaddeus  Sleszynski. 

This  committee  has  been  assigned  the  task  of  making  arrangements  for  the 


I  M 
IV 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  Jan,  5,  1915. 


forthcoming  Polish  Day. 

By  means  of  lectures,  the  Exposition  of  Health  and  Sanitation  shows  the  efforts 
exerted  by  the  Infant  Welfare  Society  to  reduce  infant  mortality  and  what  the 
anti-tuberculosis  movement  has  accomplished  in  its  war  against  the  white  plague. 
Other  topics  discussed  are  the  manner  in  which  school  hygiene  reacts  upon  the 
future  citizen;  food  inspection  and  how  it  protects  everyone  against  spoiled, 
unclean,  and  adulterated  food;  the  crusade  against  the  sale  of  patent  medicines 
and  what  it  has  accomplished;  how  to  obtain  sanitary  conditions  in  a  locality; 
and  how  the  Public  Health  Department  guards  the  city's  health. 

Polish  Day  will  be  held  on  January^,  1915,  from  2:30  P.M.  to  9:30  P.M.  Dinner 
will  be  served  at  6:30  P.M.  to  guests  and  members  of  the  Club,  After  the  dinner, 
there  will  be  interesting  speeches  and  discussions  on  the  topic  of  hygiene  and 
how  to  better  health  conditions  in  Polish  localities. 


In  order  that  Poles  may  attend  in  large  numbers,  the  Club  has  sent  out  some 


I  M 
IV 


-   3  - 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,   Jan.   5,   1915, 


POLISH 


three  hundred  and  fifty  invitations.  The  Club  apologizes  if  it  has  unwittingly 
omitted  someone,  and  it  hereby  wishes  to  take  this  opportunity  to  extend  its 
invitation  to  all  those  wishing  to  ccane  to  the  j^xposition*   This  Exposition 
is  well  worth  a  visit  and  admission  is  free.   The  cost  of  the  dinner  will  be 
seventy-five  cents  per  person.  Please  remember  Polish  Day  on  January  13  in 
the  Chicago  City  Club,  315  Plymouth  Court,  near  Jackson  Boulevard* 


Miss  E.  Napieralski,  president 

Ur.   F*  D.  Oglozinski,  recording  secretary 


i 


I  M 

II  B  2  d  (1) 
II  B  2  c 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwlazkowy,  liiy  28,  1912. 

On  Ivlay  25,  a  monthly  Tneeting  was  held  by  the  Polish  Doctors  Association. 
After  the  disposition  of  administrative  matters,  Dr.  K.  Zurawski  delegated 
at  the  previous  meeting  as  a  representative  of  the  Polish  Doctors  Associa- 
tion to  co-operate  with  the  Chicago  ?.;edical  Society,  commenced  his  cam- 
paign against  quack  medical  institutions,  bv  proposing  the  elimination 
of  their  advertisements  from  the  Polish  press.  'Phis  initiative  of  the 
Polish  Doctors  Association  brought  about  the  formation  of  committees  in 
the  following  organizations:   tiie  Chicago  Medical  Society,  the  Chicago 
Homeopath  Lledical  Society,  the  Chicago  Eclectic  Medicine  Society,  and 
the  Chicago  Dental  Society.  The  committee  began  its  task  by  engaging 
prominent  lawyers  to  gather  the  evidence  necessary  to  bring  about  an  early 
prosecution  against  the  whole  rank  of  these  unconscientious  exploiters, 


r— 


II 
II 


O 
•  -,< 

J 


(1) 


Dzienni' 


;i:iZ.: 


o- 


T 


o 


?CLI 


->J. 


191: 


ana    m  oraer  zo   carry   on   i.hi3   f i--ht  vior-^   ef^'icieitly,   the  :."oli  h  Doctors 
^ssrciatioi  lias  ranusste.i  the  i-clish   nress    to   inforifi  the  public   tnat  all 
persons  vjro:^::3d   or  Ciie-ited    oy    uh-^se  nu  ichs   :-:oulc   send   in  their  CDi.iolaints 
to  the  re-n-^esentative  of  the  I^olich.  :Joctors  -iS3oeia,tion,    .ind  simultaneously 
to   the  newly  orp-anized  activ?   c  :•■  iiiittee  /headea   Ir//  h..   mrav/ski,   4630 
South  .-ishj.and  Avanue. 


^ 


I  M 

II  A  1 
17 


POLISH 


Dziennlk  Zwiazkowy,  May  13,  1912 • 
j^MPROVEECIvfT  KEEDED  AT  STATS  HOSPITAlJ 

The  institution  for  the  insane  at  Dunning  will  be  put  under  state  supervision 
about  July  1.     The  present  superintendent,  Dr.  Stephen  Pietrowicz  our  country- 
man, is  considered  one  of  the  best  psychiatrists  in  Chicago*  In  a  period  of 
less  than  one  year,  he  is  credited  with  making  many  notable  reforms  and  improve- 
ments in  this  instituion»  He  is  contemplating  resignation  of  his  post  as  super- 
intendent. The  state  offered  him  a  two  thousand  dollar  annual  increase  in 
salary,  but  he  rejected  the  offer  on  the  groxinds  that  he  was  really  fulfilling 
the  position  of  both  medical  adviser  and  chief  surgeon,  and  not  as  superintendent* 
He  took  steps  to  furnish  the  hospital  with  proper  equipment,  but  the  great  many 
duties  alloted  to  him  as  superintendent  hinder  proper  administration;  for  under 
present  conditions  the  medical  and  administrative  authorities  are  joint,  and  in 
the  end  he  is  still  only  a  medical  director,  since  he  claims  it  is  impossible  to 
fulfill  a  dual  role* 


In  his  last  report,  Dr#  Pietrowicz  brought  to  light  the  dangers  that  confront 


I  M 

II  A  1 
17 


-  2  - 


Dziennlk  Zwiazkowy,  May  13,  1912. 


POLISH 


the  patients  at  Diinning;  he  is  convinced  that  three  thousand  lives  are  in 
jeopardy.  The  buildings  are  dilapidated,  the  boilers  are  overtaxed,  and  the 
sprinkler  system  is  defective.  Therefore,  a  fire  would  be  difficult  to  keep 
localized.  There  is  also  a  need  for  at  least  one  hundred  and  fifty  guards 
and  a  fire  station  near  the  hospital. 


1 


I  D  1  a 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zv;iezkov;y,   Dec,   29,  1911. 
JUSTICE  OF  iUniEIC/uI  COURTS 

(Editorial) 

Telecrams  frora  Nev;  York  infomed  us  yesterday  that,  after  an  hour  and  a  half 
deliberation  by  a  jury,  the  ovmers  of  the  ladies*  blouse  factory  known  as  the 
Triangle  V/aist  Company  v/ere  acquitted  of  a  charge  of  iiianslau^hter.  This  factory 
burned  dovm  on  March  25  of  this  year.  One  hundred  and  forty- seven  women,  as 
well  as  several  men,  v;ere  burned  to  death  in  this  trap  or  v/ere  killed  after 
jumping  out  of  v/indows  on  the  fifth  and  sixth  floors. 


People  concerned  with  the  safety  of  their  fellow-men  are  of  the  opinion  that  the 
ov/ners  of  the  factory  are  to  blai.ie  for  this  catastrophe.  Investigation  has 
proved  that  the  factory  lacked  even  the  iiost  primitive  safety  devices  to  pro- 
tect the  people  against  fire,  so  that  when  this  one  broke  out  it  v;as  impossible 
to  save  the  unfortunate  vjorkers,  who  were  locked  up  like  weak  birds  in  a  strong 
cage. 

The  prosecuting  attorney  proved  to  the  court,  tlirough  more  tlian  a  hundred  wit- 
nesses, that  the  factory  ov/ners  v/ere  responsible  for  this  catastrophe  because 


f  1 


t  ! 


I  D  1  a 


-  2  - 


Dziennik  Zwiazkoy;y,  Dec.  29,  1911, 


POLm  I  ^  ,^.  p  .  ^|, 


they  did  not  follovi  municipal  regulations.  There  were  not  enough  fire  escapes 
to  enable  the  'v.orkers  to  climb  dov.n  to  safety.  The  only  fire  escape,  which  v.as 
in  the  rear  of  the  factory,  was  broken  anc.  cluttered  v.ith  trash,  so  that  it 
was  impossible  to  climb  dovm   it.  The  doors  leading  to  this  escape  and  other 
exits  to  inside  stairs  v;ere  securely  locked,  so  that  the  ^-Uifortunate  v.orkers 
found  themselves  in  the  midst  of  the  conflagration  v.ithout  any  me^ois  of  escape 
and  had  either  to  jum  to  death  or  to  kill  themselves  on  the  street  belov;» 


This  catastrophe,  v;hich  shocked  the  entire  country,  set  the  horrified  v.orking 
masses  in  action  and  brought  on  a  storm  of  public  opinion  ^igainst  the  employers, 
v;ho,  through  greediness  or  criminal  neglect,  did  not  equip  the  building  with 
fire  prevention  devices,  thus  being  responsible  for  the  death  of  so  many  v.orkers. 

It  was,  therefore,  generally  supposed  that  the  employers  responsible  for  this 
catastrophe  would  be  declared  guilty  and  punished.  But  not  a  single  hair  on  their 
heads  was  harmed.  The  jury,  composed  of  twelve  men  who  also  are  the  headb  of 
families  and  should  therefore  understand  the  grief,  despair,  and  misfortune  of 
those  who  lost  their  loved  ones  in  this  catastrophe,  after  short  deliberation, 
announced  cold-bloodedly  that  the  employers  v;ere  not  responsible  for  this  mis- 
fortune • 


I  L 

I  D  1  a 


rCLI.JIi 


D::iennik  Zi.lazkov'y,  jcc.  .'"9,  1011, 


■'ell,  then  v;ho  is  re3;:on::ible7  Th'^   '•infortun'.t^'^-  victimr^  rlio  i.ere   bein';  bui'ned 

alive  or  vi!.o  v-^re  liillin-*  "chenselvvs  on  th-')  c'tr^jt  b";lov7  x-erhap::  the  poor  people 

7:ho  lo.?t  th?ir  dvurhters,  ..ist-rf,  or  •..ivec  ^:r^  to  bl-riO.   Truly,  thin  is 
sePxtence  th^  like  of  hich  not  c^  en  '  ise  'o].0-TiGn  coul'l  Y.-^r  c.   clevi'-e^"^! 


Since  the  court  cl-:creed  th^-t  the  employers  v.er'^^  not  re^sponsible  for  thi::  c  tas- 
troy-he,  it  should  prosecute  the  ..unicip-:l  of  ici-  Is,  especially  the  buildinp  in- 
spector;:, vho  'id  not  see  to  it  "^h-t  oT-'rythin,:  in  the  buillin-  \  ar3  in  oreer  and 
accor'^in;;  to  the  written  la-.   :-;ut,  as  v:ith  the  o'-ners,  the  -..vra^^   of  the  law  \  ill 
not  re  iCh  then  either,  en."  they  ^  ill  be  declsred  not  puilty,  v  ith  the  result  tha- 
in  the  end  the  LI  ne  '.ill  be  1-  ±2   nn   the  -"'.ead,  .aurfrr^d  ""ictin.. — on  these  poor 
;  omen  -inc    iiien  vho,  in  th  ir  :.e:rca  for  br'^ed,  \  -^re  fo'ced  to  or'^  in  such  a 
dsn. -erous  •n'-.  criminally  ne-l*ct'd  T:>lssy, 


The  justice  of  ^im*-' sicsn  courts  is  truly  i-^ai  rkablsl 

ijid  thjs  is  certainly  not  an  unusual  occurrt^nce.  i..'\ny  tr':'e..ics  such  .  s  thi: 
occur  aaily  in  factories,  r^iin^a' ,  na  railro-^da.  ..Ithoufi  it  is  only  seldo^ii 


I  L 

I  D  1  a 


-  4  - 


Dziennlk  Z;viazko\\y>   Dec.   29,  1911. 


POLEH 


that  the  numbbp  of  innocent  victims  killed  at  one  time  is  so  lar,^e,  the  great 
number  of  accidents  resulting  from  the  carelessness  and  greediness  of  the  employ- 
ers is  increasing  every  day.  The  courts,  nevertheless,  generally  acquit  the  em- 
ployers or  at  most  order  them  to  pay  the  fa-riily  of  the  dead  v-orker  a  small  com- 
pensation. 

This  laxity  is  the  cause  of  the  negligence  that  results  in  the  death  of  many 
workers  in  all  kinds  of  employment.  The  employers,  fearing  no  punishment,  do  not 
order  the  safety  devices  necessary  for  safeguarding  the  health  and  lives  of  the 
workers. 

Some  time  this  v;eek  it  v.ill  be  eight  years  since  the  Iroquois  Theater  in  Chicago 
burned.  In  this  conflagration  six  hundred  people  lost  their  lives  also  as  a  re- 
sult of  negligence  and  greed  on  the  par-t  of  the  ovaners  of  the  theater.  The  courts, 
hov/ever,  neither  punished  the  ovjuers  nor  held  the  building  inopectors  responsible. 


It  is  not  surprising,  therefore,  if  the  families  of  the  victims  shov.er  curses 

upon  the  .•» justice"  of  the  .^merican  courts,  v.hich  treat  in  this  way  these  ordinary 


-  5  - 


POLISH 


Dziennlk  Zwiazkoivy,  Dec.   29,  1911. 
crimes  committed  by  the  owners  of  factories  and  other  enterprises. 


A  member  of  the  family  of  one  of  the  girls  who  perished  in  the  Triangle  Waist 
Company  fire  in  New  York,  upon  hearing  the  verdict  that  acquitted  the  owners 
of  all  responsibility  for  the  catastrophe,  burst  into  tears,  fell  on  the  floor, 
and,  with  a  voice  strangled  by  emotion,  uttered  only  one  terrible  word,  *Ti^urder- 
ersl*^  This  word  embodies  more  than  the  severest  denunciation  ever  hurled  at 
justice  in  this  country* 


I  M 

I  D  1  a 
III  3  1 
I  H 


WP/1  (U.)  PROJ.  30275 

POLISH 


Dziennik  Zv;iazkovjy,   Dec.   21,   1911 


ILPORT^.'T  BILL  B^Oi^  C0KGRES3 


(Editorial) 

The  Government  Coinmittee  on  Labor  Problems  introduced  this  week  before  Congress 
a  very  iraportant  bill  relating  to  the  labor  cause.  This  Federal  bill  determines 
the  amounts  to  be  paid  to  workers  for  injuries  received  while  at  work. 

This  bill  states  that  every  employer,  vathout  exception,  is  responsible  for  the 
death  or  disablement  of  any  one  of  his  e".ployees;  that  it  is  his  duty,  in  addi- 
tion to  providing  medical  care  for  those  who  arc  injured  and  paying  the  burial 
expenses  of  those  -vvho  are  killed,  to  pay  a  compensation,  based  on  the  earnings 
of  the  worker,  to  those  incapable  of  further  work  as  a  result  of  an  accident  in  a 
factory,  a  mine,  a  railroad,  or  any  other  place  of  employment.   In  case  a  worker 
is  killed  while  at  work  the  compensation  should  be  paid  to  his  widovj  and  orphans, 
or  other  heirs. 


V/hen,  for  instance,  a  worker  loses  a  leg,  an  arm,  or  an  eye,  he  is  to  receive 
half  of  his  yearly  earnings,  but  this  cojLpensation  may  be  increased  to  cover  his 
earnings  for  thirty  or  even  seventy-tv;o  months,  according  to  what  the  courts 


/ 


WPA  (ILL.)  PROJ.  30275 


POLISH 


Dziennlk  Zv;iazkOYO%   Dec.   iil,   1911. 


I  D  1  a 
III  B  1 
I  H 

may  decide.  Compensation  is  to  be  paid  in  monthly  installments.  V«hen 
a  worker  is  killed  v/Mle  at  work,  his  legal  heirs  receive  this  compensation. 
This  does  not  prevent,  however,  the  suing  of  a  particular  firm  for  damages  if, 
through  its  fault,  a  worker  is  injured  or  killed. 

This  bill  is  designed  to  protect  the  worker  and  his  family  fix)m  poverty  in  the 
event  the  provider  of  the  family  meets  with  an  accident  while  at  work.  Up  to 
the  present,  in  many  cases,  when  a  v/orker  v/as  disabled  in  a  factory  or  a  mine, 
his  employer  refused  not  only  to  pay  any  compensation  but  even  to  provide  medical 
care.  As  a  result,  complete  destitution  was  the  lot  of  the  victim  of  the  capit- 
alistic moloch.  Even  in  cases  where  workers  were  disabled  for  life,  the  employers 
did  not  pay  compensation. 

The  rights  of  vjorkers  differ  in  different  states.  In  some  states  it  is  mandatory 
for  the  employer  to  pay  compensation  to  the  injured  worker  and  to  provide  medical 
care.  But  in  the  majority  of  the  states  such  a  law  does  not  exist,  and  as  a 
result,  the  laborer  is  deprived  of  all  care  and  is  forced,  along  with  his  family. 


WPA  (ILL)  PROJ.  30275 


I  D  1  a 
III  B  1 
I  H 


-  3  - 


Dziennik  Zwlazkowy,  Dec.  '31,  1911 


POLISH 


to  beg  for  public  charity. 


The  Federal  Oovernment  has  come  to  the  conclusion  that  this  injustice  to  the 
workers  cannot  exist  any  longer  and  demands  a  Federal  law,  applicable  in  all 
the  states,  which  will  protect  the  workers  against  absolute  poverty  in  the 
event  that  they  should  become  the  victims  of  misfortune  while  at  work. 

Although  this  bill,  even  if  it  is  passed  by  Congress,  would  not  solve  the  problem 
of  determining  the  amount  of  compensation  to  which  a  laborer  injured  while  at 
work  is  entitled  or,  in  the  case  of  fatal  accidents,  the  compensation  to  which 
his  heirs  are  entitled,  it  would  at  any  rate  be  the  first  step  toward  other  ap- 
propriate protective  laws  for  the  care  and  protection  of  the  knights  of  labor. 

When  the  employers  are  forced  to  pay  for  medical  care,  funeral  expenses,  and 
compensation,  they  will  surely  try  to  protect  themselves  by  adopting  safety 
measures  and  equipping  their  plants  with  devices  to  protect  the  workers  from 
accidents.  At  present,  the  owners  of  factories,  railroads,  and  mines  pay  little 


& 


p 


WPA  (III.)  PROJ.  30275 


1 

B 


a 

1 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  Dec.  21,  1911 • 


I  M  -  4  -  POLISH 

I  D 
III 
I  H 

attention  to  the  need  of  equipping  their  plants  vd.th  safety  devices  be- 
cause they  are  not  threatened  by  financial  losses  when  a  worker  receives  an 
injury  or  is  killed.  Nor  are  they  very  much  afraid  of  compensation  suits,  since, 
having  at  their  beck  and  call  good  lawyers  and  obliging  courts,  they  rarely  lose 
a  case  and  thus  rarely  have  to  pay  compensation*  Usually  the  courts  decree  that 
the  accident  was  the  result  of  the  worker's  own  negligence.  But  once  the  Federal 
Government  gets  after  the  employers  and  makes  them  pay  compensation  to  the  v;orkers 
for  every  accident,  the  employers  themselves  will  see  to  it  that  these  accidents 
occur  as  infrequently  as  possible. 

It  is  to  be  desired,  then,  that  all  our  larger  Polish  organizations  exert  pres- 
sure on  the  Congressmen  from  their  districts  so  that  the  latter  may  energetically 
support  this  bill,  the  passage  of  which  is  of  so  great  importance  to  us.  This 
measure  will  benefit  the  Poles  especially,  inasmuch  as  the  large  majority  of  them 
are  workers  employed  in  the  most  dangerous  occupations  and  places;  hundreds  of 
them  are  killed  yearly  or  become  cripples,  condemned  with  their  families  to  beg- 
ging and  poverty. 


WPA  (ILL)  PROJ.  30275 


a 

1 


Dzlennik  Zwiazkowy,  Dec.  21,  1911 • 


I  M  -  5  -  POLISH 

I  D  1 
III  B 
I  H 

Organizations  of  other  nationalities  and  influential  individuals  are 
already  working  on  their  congreosmen,  asking  them  to  push  this  bill  through 
as  quickly  as  possible.  V/e  Poles  should  not  lag  behind,  since  this  is  a  matter 
which  concerns  our  ovm  welfare  and  human  welfare  in  general. 

This  bill  has  not  yet  come  up  for  discussion,  and  it  is  not  known  when  it  will 
be  deliberated  upon,  but  we  laust  agitate  for  it  in  advance,  so  that  this  very 
important  labor  measure  is  not  indefinitely  postponed.  V/e  expect  our  countrymen 
to  take  steps  in  this  direction,  because  this  is  a  matter  concerning  hundreds  of 
thousands  of  our  brother  laborers. 


T  ' 


II  B  3  ^: 

I  0 

I  :.:  (lithu^mian) 


Jzionnik  .  V.viazliov;;^^,  ;:ov.  7,  1^11. 


,.^-.J:.  ana  ^.l  .i...  Jx^..., 


ovn 


■^^ho  ";n';-lish  ;  odical  ..ssociatior.  bo'-an  a  :jorioG  oT  lectures  on  Jatarda;,  ,  ..uvu.i- 
ber  4,   Jr  "■iilt'^on;  v^io  practicos  in  the  .^toCiC''ards,  lecturoa  on  tu'.:crculc3is 


Jhis   ir; 


•le     Ist  of  hiG  lucturo: 


•i'a'jercalcsii^   h^.n   boeii  '2^o;;n  Gince  j^ncient   lirios.      TIu  Greenes  and   '■oMans    .;erv 


fariiliar  ■jith  taia   diaeaso  t!.ou,":Ix  tue:'  called   it    j.'  anot.ur  na:"ie.      It  .vas  not 
diGcovorad  until  t:ij   nin^toontri  contar"  ^hat   tul3i*culo3ia  was  conta'-ious  and 
•vas  caused   -j:'  little  orir  .'.iSMS  called  b-;ccili.     Man;'  doctors   sacriricau  their 
lives  in  the ^  stud*  o2  tlio    causes   ml  netlods  oi*  corin:;  tLis   v;]dte  ;.'lc.i:-:ue. 

Sanitarians,   v;:iich   .-ire   scatter:!  tlrouraiout   the  countr-^,    render  a  trulv  r-reat 
service;   a jvertheloss,    the-/  alone  are  not   sufriciaat   in  conb-itinn  this   disease, 
io  have  to  turn  entire  cities   into  sanitaria.      ..a  should  mve,   iirst  of  all, 


0-. 


_J 


1 1 


r 


-    '^    - 


■o 


POLISH 


Dzionnil:  IjwiaZicov/^^   llov,   7,    1911. 


TT   "n   O   np 

I  G 

I  :i  (Lithuanian) 

fresh  air,  '.vholaso.^e  food,  and  clean  and  comfortable  hou33S. 
Scisnce,  ^prescriptions,  nedicines,  even  the  very  best,  v/ill  not  help,  if  the 
victim  is  forced  to  live  in  a  neichborhood  full  of  .smoke,  to  eat  unvdiolesome 
food,  to  live  in  a  damp,  small  and  badly  constructed  house. 


The  nei;--hborhood  of  thvj  stockyards  is  principally  inhabited  by  Poles  and 
Lithuanians*  There  one  finds  the  areas  vvhere  garbap^e  from  the  entire  city 
is  dumped.  These  sive  forth  terrible  odors;  day  and  night  this  district  is 
covered  v/ith  smoke.  .Jid,  v;hat  is  worse,  in  those  areas  v/liere  the  garbage  is 
dumped,  our  Polish  mothers  roam  with  their  children,  searcliin j  for  bits  of 
fuel,  food  or  clothing.  The  homes  thei*e  are  poor  beyond  description,  oaloons, 
one  next  to  the  otlier,  are  always  crowded.  They  a o sorb  the  larger  portion  of 
the  weekly  pay. 


-a 


r 
C 

r 


Row  can  one  talk  of  sanitary  conditions  here  when  the  state  of  affairs  at  the 
stock  yards  is  so  horrible.  The  v7ork  at  the  stockyards   is  exhausting,  and 


^'C-iXj^j. 


I' 


o 


T    ^ 


D:^i3n::i':  oJiazlrcvr',   l^ov.    7,    ICll, 


_'tor  oO' 


"lours 


tli3  par  is  .:a-i_:3r,    oarol:-   ..10  per 
or  repulsive  v/cr':,    th::   Iabcr3r3    :c  to    thb   saloor^s,   iivasting  t^.cre,    tiieir  aono^ 
and  ?i3:iltli.      Pot  onl7  ciro   tl.jp  oiider  .inin^  t:ijir  ovm  ';3alt]i,    but  a3 
t-icir  -'iv 


so  tliat  of 


Pot  onlp  ciro   t'.j: 


ina  c:iilarG 


'  • 


and  vie    lUst   co..ibat   it  ^vitli  all  ciu'  strenn:th.      ./:)  v/ill  conau3r  it  o: 
v;o  Iav3  raModiad  thoso  deplorable  livin  •  conditions. 


v;;io 


For  us  Pol3wS   t  lis   lacturo   is   i:'iporti::t   because  it    depicts     us   on  slides  and 

plioto'-raphs   in  actual  liTo,    OMpli-x^izinr;:  tP3   fact    i:nat  tn^se  are  Pol  ;S  'tPo  are 
dirt:%    o:i:aust.3d,    and  dru::':.      Tlio  cause   for  all  thir^ ,    accordin:,  to  '^r.   .^ultp;en 


4     r^  4.T 


:>      L 


he  environnont.      Because  th:^ 


-T.. 


river  is  fuM  oi*  '".isease  peiris,   and   parDape 


is   dumped  near  hirian  habitations;   and  because  tho   pap  is     eapre  and  tL:se 
peor)lo  are  not   stjadil^r  eiaplo-ed,    Pe  sees  onlp  one  re;.i3d:- — to  change  tlie   ^n- 
virornicnt.      In  order  to  avoid  t!iis  '   orriblo  disease  of  tuberculosis,    on3 
nust   first  nal:e  the  surroir:dinps  liealthful,    ".nO.    -ive  people  the   chance  to 
v;or  -  and  live  hypienicall:". 


-xj 


O 


CO 

CD 


I  ; 
II 


-  4  - 


POLISH 


T2.  9  -^ 
^  ^  c_> 


T  ^ 

J.  O 


Dziennik  Zv/iazkov/y,  llov.  7,  19 11, 
I  ::  (Lithuanian) 

Dr,  Hiltcen  declared  at  the  outset  that  he  v;as  not  a  sociaL 
ist,  but  that  he  earnestly  desires  this  /chan^^e  to  tal:e  place/  in  the  nane 
of  hanianity  and  Christianity. 


(Signed)  Felicya  :!•  Jiei^ciara. 


:t> 


"D 


C; 


CO 


I  M 
I  E 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwlazkowy,  Oct.  13,  1910, 

iZdnTE  disaster 

(Editorial) 


A  continuous  wave  of  catastrophies  seems  to  have  hit  -^erica  in  rapid  succession^ 
These  calamities  are  felt  especially  by  the  poor  people  since  it  is  they  who  are 
plainly  being  murdered.  Not  so  long  ago,  we  were  moved  greatly  by  two  street- 
car accidents,  in  which  eighty  people  were  killed  and  a  score  seriously  injured. 
Hardly  had  this  incident  come  to  pass  when  we  were  again  confronted  by  news  of 
another  catas trophy,  caused  by  the  elements.  An  uncontrollable  forest  fire  in 
Minnesota  and  Canada  completely  demolished  fourteen  settlements  and  caxised  the 
loss  of  many  lives.  The  survivors  were  deprived  of  all  their  property  and  left 
destitute.   On  the  tracks  of  this  misfortune  there  came  another.  A  coal  mine, 
located  at  Starkvilje,  Illinois,  exploded  because  of  an  accumulation  of  gas* 
This  fatal  accident  not  only  destroyed  the  structure  of  the  mine  but,  what  is 
most  important  of  all,  more  than  fifty  miners  met  death  beneath  the  avalanche 


I  M 
I  E 


2  - 


POLISH 


Dzlennik  Zwiazkowy,  Oct.  13,  1910* 


Some  were  killed  instantly. 

Extricating  the  dead  from  the  mine  is  very  slow  because  of  the  stagnant  air  in 
the  depths,  which  hinders  any  assistance  that  might  be  given  by  the  emergency 
groups.  To  make  matters  worse,  the  explosion  completely  demolished  the  tunnels 
and  covered  them  with  debris  to  such  an  extent  that  it  will  require  several  days 
and  the  work  of  several  hundred  people  to  reach  the  point  where  the  accident 
trapped  the  iinfortunate  miners. 

It  is  estimated  that  approximately  twenty-six  Poles  were  on  the  casualty  list. 
Of  these,  several  were  members  of  the  Polish  National  Alliance. 

America,  and  particularly  the  United  States,  is  a  veritable  hell  for  the  working 
man—his  class  is  slaughtered  en  masse.  Despite  all  these  cat as trophies,  noth- 
ing is  being  done  to  insure  the  health  and  life  of  the  poor  people  while  they 
are  occupied  at  their  perilous  tasks.  The  heartless  capitalists  care  less  for 


\ 


I  M 
I  E 


-  3  - 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy^  Oct.  13,  1910» 


POLISH 


the  life  of  a  "foreign"  employee  than  they  do  for  a  mule  in  the  mines,  because 
they  have  to  pay  for  the  latter,  whereas  they  obtain  a  vjorker  at  no  cost  what- 
soever. 


'^. 


I  M 

II  E  3 


POLISH 


/ 

f 


?  .  ,     r*.      ■ 


D 


f 


-rl 


•^^ieni^iK  iiij^i^^:  yL>. 


Z.cof ,  Feb.   26,   1910. 


(Sditorial) 


/HAYCkOUITD  II^D.!^ 


An  area  on  the   northwest   side,    in  the  vicinity  of  Division   Street,    Chicago  and 
North  Avenues,   and  Robey  Street,    is   in  greater  need  of  a  suitable,   children's 
playgrounds  than  any  other  conmunity  in  Chicago.     The     people  living  here  are 
mostly  Polish. 

There   is  a  building  on  every  available  plot   of  land   in  the  neighborhood;  and 
children  are   compelled  to  play  in  tht   streets,  the   sidewalks,   or  in  filthy, 
foul-smelling  alleys,    because  other  places  are  not  to  be  had.     It   is  true,   how- 
ever,  that   there  are  playgrounds  further  west,   but  for  the  children  of  this 
congested  area,  they  are  not   conveniently  located  and  are  unquestionably  too 
far  away. 


4 


, ) 


I    ^T 


POLISH' c: 


II 


Dziem.ia  Zwiazko^v:/,   Zgoda,        Feb*    26,    1910. 


Due  to  these   conditions,   raany  children  each  year  are   injured,    maimed,   or 
killed.     This  street  and  alley   environment   is  certainly  not  a  healthful  one 
for  our  youth.      It   is   useless  for  the   folks  of  this  community  to  provide  good 
schools   for  their   children  because  their  ninds  and  morals  are  moulded  by  the 
environnient   of  the  streets  and  alleys.     Children  v;ill  be  children,   they  must  play 
in  order  "co  exercise  their  growing  bodies.     It   is   impossible  to  keep  them  at 
home  all  the  time.     The  fathers  and  mothers  of  this  community  are  almost  help- 
less  in  coping  with  this   problem. 

I/ischief,   destruction  of  property  and  minor  thievery,   ai^e  the  only  objects  of 
diversion  these  children  can  find,  because  of  the   lack  of  playground  facilities. 
They  congregate  in  dark  hallways,   basemeiits  and   dark  corners,  \;here  they  cannot 
very  easily  be  observed,  and  all  sorts  of  crime  and   immorality  is  perpetrated. 
Playgrounds,   however,   would   keep  the   children  in  the  open,   and  athletic  games 
and  sports  would  keep  them  occupied  all  the  tiriie. 

It   is,   therefore,   the   duty  of  the   community  to   change  these   conditions  by  pro- 
vidinv^  decent,  wholesome   places  of  amusement,  where  our  youth  raay  gather  and 
play. 


^  C; 


-  3  - 


POLISH 


(   » 


D 


II 


Dzlennlk  Zwlazkov;y^,_Zgoda^    p^^^  ge,   1910. 


iii 


It   is  true,   that   it   ^will  require  money  to   do  this,  but    if  it  will  save  our 
children,    it  will  be  money  well   speiit.      Isn't   the  welfare  of  our  children  worth 
this  investment?      It  will  be  necessary  to   raze  a  few  buildings,   but  this   should 
not  stand  in  the  way  of  providing  clean  and  vSiolesome   environment   for  cur  youth* 

Let  us,  therefore,  all     get  together,   business  men,  the  press,  teachers,  and 
clergy,  as  well  as  fathers  and  mothers,   and  demand  this  necessary  improvement, 
'^e  can  get   it.     '.Ye  are  entitled  to  it   just  as  are  other  communities  in  the  city. 
The  Juvenile  Protective  Association  will  gladly  back  this  movement. 


POLISH 


D?:iennik  Zwiazkow^-,  Zer^oda,,   Jan.  28,  1910. 

(Editorial.) 
^SB  OF  TOBACCO  BY"  CHILDRBN  BECdSSS  HEALTH  PROBIJJ^ 


I  ^'     o  \ 


The  Juvenile  Protective  Association  distribirted  a  letter  to  all  newspapers,  ajid 
to  all  l^aain^g-  citizens,  in  wl'iich  they  -olead  for  sLi'^^^ort  in  the  fi^';ht  a.^ainst 
the  use  of  tobacco  by  children.   They  point  out  that,  to  smoke  a  pipe,  cif^ar 
or  civ^'arette  is  a  crazy  and  useless  habit.   Tobacco  injures  one's  health, 
and  its  continued  use  is  similar  to  suicide.   Tobacco  makes  one  a  useless 
creature,  and  a  burden  to  society  inste;\d  of  an  industrious  wide  -  awake, 
and  upright  citizen.   The  nicotine  in  tobacco  destroys  clean  thought, 
ambition  and  energy.   It  blurrs  one's  intelligence,  axid  v/recks  the  nerves. 

Even  a  strong  person,  after  continued  use  of  tobacco,  becomes  an   idiot,  vinable 
to  feel  or  think.  An  appeal  to  parents  to  discourage  and  influence  their 
children  against  the  use  of  tobacco  has  also  been  broadcast,  A  warning 
against  the  sale  of  tobacco  in  any  form,  to  minors,  has  been  sent  to  all 
dealers  suid  stores. 

A  young  boy  smoking  a  cigar  or  cigarette  is  a  rathetic  sight;  and  he  is 
unaware  of  the  harmful  results.   The  nicotine  poisons  his  sysJl^m,  and  he  is 
doomed  to  an  early  death.   It  is  our  belief,  that  this  movement  is  a  just  one, 
and  should  receive  the  support  of  all  good  citizens. 


I 


I  M 


POLISH 


Dzlennlk  Chlcagoskl^  June  25,  1897 

ANNUAL  CAMPAiai  AGAINST  SMALLPOX 


Ihe  annual  campaign  against  smallpox  by  the  Board  of  Health  has  again  begun* 
The  best  method  of  aToiding  an  epidemic  is  the  inoculation  of  school  children, 
and  adults  as  well,  against  this  disease.  For  this  ptirpose  groups  of  doctors 
have  been  appointed  in  various  parts  of  Chicago  to  supervise  the  work  of  vaccina- 
tion. Every  parishioner,  every  mother  should  bear  in  mind  that  this  is  one  of 
her  obligations  to  her  children. 

Dr.   Szwajkart  has  been  appointed  to  take  charge  of  ^accinatio^  in  St.  Stanis- 
laus Ebstka*s  and  St.  John  Cantius*  parishes.  For  the  convenience  of  those 
who  are  unable  to  see  Dr.  Szwajkart  /at  his  office^  special  hours  have  been 
arranged  by  him.  He  is  to  be  at  St.  Stanislaus  £ostka*s  parish  school  each 
Wednesday  and  Aursday  from  10  A.  M.  to  12  noon.  At  St.  John  Cantius'  parish 
hall  he  will  have  the  same  hours  on  Friday  and  Saturday. 


"D 


O 


Inoculation  is  tree.     If  the  vaccination  takes ,  the  doctor  issues  a  certificate. 


I  M 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


r 


Dzlennlk  Chlcagoskl.  June  25,  1897. 

Children  ivho  come  to  the  designated  places  should  be  thoroughly  bathed  and 
hare  clean  underwear.  A  handkerchief  should  be  brought  to  cover  the  vaccina- 
tion. Children  from  twelve  to  sixteen  who  have  not  as  yet  been  vaccinated 
should  oome. 

Remember^  mothers  and  fathers,  to  bring  your  children  to  the  places  above 
designated.  If  this  /prder/  Is  not  compiled  with  you  will  have  serious  trouble 
with  the  Board  of  Health  Inspectors.  Investigators  will  go  from  house  to  house, 
demanding  evidence  that  the  children  have  been  vaccinated. 


O 


I  M 


POLISH 


Dziennlk  Chlcagoski^  May  8,  1897 


A  WORD  TD  MOTHKHS 


(Correspondence) 


Within  a  shoirt  time^  hot  summer  days  are  going  to  prevail.  These  hot  days 
subject  children  and  Infants  to  summer  disease  or  infant  cholera*  Many  an 
Inexperienced  mother  has  seen  her  child ,  and  hundreds  of  others ^  succumb  to 
this  lurking  sxumner  sickness,  bringing  untold  grief  to  the  bereaved  families* 
Many  a  mother  whose  child  is  stricken  with  the  disease  goes  to  seek  aid  from 
a  family  that  has  eocperienoed  this  illness*  As  it  happens ,  some  cures  are 
effected  in  this  manner;  however,  a  larger  number  are  not,  because  the 
information  received  is  not  of  the  right  kind,  and  hence  many  an  innocent  tot 
is  carried  off  to  the  grave* 


P 


CO 


It  is  conditions  such  as  these  that  prompt  me  to  write  the  following  words  to 
mothers,  in  order  that  they  may  bring  up  healthy  children* 


I  M 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Chicagoski,  Llay  8,  1897. 

Infant  cholera  is  prevalent  among  children  from  two  months  to  tv;o  and  one- 
half  years  of  age.  The  cause  of  this  illness  is  poor  nourishment*  A  child's 
stomach  is  very  delicate  and  its  digestive  process  is  vreak,  consequently 
improper  food  will  cause  all  kinds  of  complications  and  sicknesses,  especially 
infant  cholera.  This  sickness  affects  the  stomach  and  intestines.  It  starts 
with  a  cold  of  the  membranes  of  the  stomach  and  intestines.  The  stomach  ceases 
its  digestive  function,  and  this  is  followed  by  a  nervous  breakdown,  which  soon 
affects  the  brain — then  death  follows. 


A  practical  mother  can  avert  these  complications  by  one  method  or  another.  The   2 
best  way  is  to  protect  the  child's  health  by  proper  care  and  accurate  feeding, 
along  hygienic  lines.  (By  hygiene  it  is  meant  that  food  and  care  is  adminis- 
tered the  child  under  the  most  sanitary,  or  clean,  conditions  possible,  at 
home  and  outdoors.  This  is  not  much  different  than  taking  good  care  of  an  adult.) 
One  of  the  first  hygienic  steps  is  proper  feeding  for  the  child.  Such  nutriment 
is  milk  from  a  mother's  breast.  In  the  event  the  child  is  too  old  to  be 
breast-fed,  the  mother  should  give  the  child  proper  substitutes  in  measured 


I  M 


-  S  - 


POLISH 


Dzlennik  Chlcagoskl,  May  8,  1897* 

portions  at  scheduled  hours*  A  certain  amount  of  time  is  necessary  for  the 
food  to  be  digested*  If  the  food  is  given  at  a  time  when  the  child  is  ready 
to  sleep,  it  is  only  natural  that  the  food  will  not  undergo  a  thorough  di- 
gestive process  when  the  child  dozes  off  immediately  after  eating*  Such  imr- 
proper  digestion  brings  about  a  number  of  ailments  and,  in  the  stammer  time, 
courts  infant  cholera* 


A  child,  from  birth  \mtil  one  year  of  age,  should  be  fed  every  two  hours* 

Dzlennik  Chicago ski >  May  10,  1897* 

From  one  year  to  two  years,  the  feeding  should  not  be  as  frequent,  for  the 
child  is  not  satisfied  with  the  same  kind  of  diet*  A  mother  should  not  breast- 
feed a  child  longer  than  twenty  minutes,  and  in  the  event  the  child  cries  after 
that,  it  is  not  because  it  is  hungry  but  because  it  has  cramps  or  other  com- 
plications* 


I  M 


-  4  - 


POLISH 


Dzlennik  Chlcagoski,  May  10,  1897. 

For  a  child  who  is  not  bi^ast-fed,  the  best  substitute  is  cow^s  milk*  Such 
milk  should  not  ccMe  from  several  cows,  but  from  one  healthy  cow*  Pure  milk 
is  not  given  the  child  until  it  is  diluted  with  boiled  water* 


Infants  are  given  one  part  milk  and  three  parts  water,  and  in  the  event  the  "^ 

child  is  not  sustained  on  this  type  of  diet,  half  milk  and  half  water  should  r^ 

be  given  in  larger  quauitities*  This  procedure  applies  to  babies  from  three  -tj 
to  six  months  old*  Older  children  should  get  two  parts  milk  and  one  part  water,  o 

The  amount  of  vmter  is  decreased  (as  the  child  grows  older)  until  its  stomach  ^ 
is  able  to  digest  pure  milk*  In  preparing  the  boiled  water,  a  little  sugar  is 
added— -for  example,  one  teaspoon  of  sugar  to  one  glass  of  water* 

In  the  event  the  child  has  diarrhea,  rolled  oats  or  bsorley  should  be  given  in- 
stead of  water,  adding  slightly  less  sugar  than  in  the  water*  To  prejyare  such 
a  meal,  one  uses  two  tablespoons  of  rolled  oats  or  barley  emd  grinds  it  in  a 
coffee  grinder*  Then  two  thirds  of  a  quart  of  water  is  added  to  this  €Uid  the 
mixture  is  boiled  for  thirty  minutes  in  a  covered  pot*  This   is  then  strained 


c-r* 


I  M 


-  5  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Chlcagoskl,  May  10,  1897. 


through  a  cloth  or  a  fine  sieve* 

This  preparation  is  placed  in  a  cool  room,  and  only  the  required  portion  is 
taken  out  each  time*  This  mixture  cannot  be  stored  long,  because  it  spoils 
easily*  In  order  to  proserve  this  preparation,  a  small  pinch  of  soda  should 
be  used*  In  the  event  the  above  measures  do  not  give  results,  and  the  child 
continues  to  lose  its  appetite,  becomes  unruly,  and  begins  to  vomit,  along 
with  diarrhea,  especially  during  the  summer  season,  this  should  be  considered 
as  a  sign  that  the  child  has  a  touch  of  summer  sickness*  In  this  event  it  is 
not  advisable  to  seek  aid  from  any  neighbor  or  would-be  diagnostician* 

Time  should  not  be  wasted,  for  every  moment  brings  a  more  dangerous  condition, 
A  doctor  should  be  consulted,  by  all  means,  because  he  is  the  one  most  fit  to 
combat  the  disease* 


30 


Dr.  M*  F*  Bozyncz, 

291  N*  Carpenter  Street* 


POLISH 


Dzlennik  Chicago ski.  Apr.  25,  1897 

THE  DOCTOR  AND  TSE   PATIENT 


(Editorial) 

A  question  has  been  raised  as  to  how  a  doctor  should  conduct  himself  among 
the  sick  and  their  relatives  in  the  event  the  i)atients  are  threatened  with 
a  permanent  disf isurement  or  death.  Should  he  tell  them  of  the  imminent 
danger  or  not? 

This  is  how  one  doctor  considers  this  question: 

"The  position  of  a  physician  who  has  several  patients  under  his  care  ndio 
are  dangerously  ill  or  incurable  is  very  difficult  and  unpleasant.  If  the 
doctor  tells  the  patient  and  his  family  the  true  circumstances  of  the  case 
he  nay  complicate  matters  for  the  ailing  person  and  disturb  the  entire  family. 
In  the  event  the  physician  does  not  tell  of  the  inevitable  result,  he  may 


-T3 


I  M 


-  2  - 


POUSH 


Dzlennik  Chicagpskl>  Apr.  26,  1897. 


lose  the  confidence  that  people  have  in  him  as  a  capable  doctor.  Not  only 
is  his  good  name  as  a  doctor  threatened  but  the  opinion  may  be  voiced  that 
he  exploits  his  patients. 


'•I  jud^je,  however,  that  a  doctor  who  has  great  feeling  and  understanding 
of  his  calling  can  easilj^  extricate  himself  from  such  difficulties.  In 
this  respect  he  will  not  treat  his  patients  mechanically  nor  handle  them 
as  if  they  have  no  feelings  once  he  has  made  his  diagnosis,  but  will  become 
their  friend  and  to  their  families  he  will  express  sincere  sympathy.  Through 
psychological  observances  the  doctor  can  see  the  good  points  as  well  as  the 
shortcomings  of  his  patients*  characters.  After  these  observations  are  made 
the  doctor  can  then  tell  his  patients  of  their  condition,  tempering  his 
statement  according  to  his  idea  of  their  mental  status. 

•*When  the  question  arises  about  telling  a  patient  that  he  v/ill  either  be 
periranently  incapacitated  or  that  his  disease  is  incurable,  it  is  best  not 
to  tell  the  true  circuiristances.  TfJhy  sadden  the  patient,  since  there  is  not 


• 

CO 


I  H 


-  3  - 


POLISH 


Dzlennil:  Chica0PSkl>  Apr*  26,  1897 • 


HBich  more  hope  left  for  him  in  this  world?  In  the  event  tliat  the  patient *s 
days  are  numbered  the  doctor  should  approach  the  sick  person  delicately  and 
tell  him  that  he  is  about  to  face  a  crisis  and  that  it  would  be  advisable  to 
get  religious  solace*  Once  the  patient  is  joined  with  God  he  at  least  can 
have  moral  ease,"  This  can  do  no  harm  to  a  life  that  has  its  days  numbered, 
according:  to  the  doctor's  observations. 


cr 


I  M 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Chica:oski,  Aug.  17,  1895* 

Y^CDJATION  AGAINST  SIIALLPOX 
Pastor  of  St.  Hedvdg  Parish  Makes  the  Following  Appeal 

Ky  dear  Brothers:  An  unexpected  guest  has  visited  the  confines  of  St.  Hedwig 
Parish.  This  undesirable  visitor  is  Smallpox,  v/hich  threatens  your  lives  and 
the  lives  of  your  children. 

Only  inoculdtion  against  this  disease  v;ill  safeguard  your  health.  Vaccination 
and  other  sanitary  measures  are  the  only  methods  by  vvhich  this  plague  can  be 
stamped  out. 

Therefore  for  the  good  of  all  parishioners,  through  the  efforts  of  Dr.  Garrott, 
the  local  Board  of  Health  has  set  nv   a  vacciniition  office  at  the  St.  Hedwig 
Parish  School  under  my  perrrission.  This  service  will  be  rendered  free  of 
charge. 


On  Monday  and  Tuesday,  August  19  and  20,  doctors  appointed  by  the  Board  of 


I  u 


"  2   ' 


Dziennik  Chicagoski,  Aug.  17,  1895. 


POLISH 


l^'J'A  (IM.)  PRoi  302;. 


Health  will  be  in  charge  of  the  inoculations.  Everyone,  both  young  and  old, 
are  requested  to  take  advantage  of  this  free  service. 

I  appeal  to  all  of  you  to  come  and  be  vaccinated  on  the  designated  days.   The 
mothers  should  make  sure  to  bring  their  children.   In  this  way  you  v.ill  be 
safeguarding  your  health  as  well  as  that  of  others. 

Yours  in  Christ, 

Reverend  John  Piechowski, 


Pastor  of  St.  Hedwig  Parish. 


POLISH 


Dzieimik  Chicacoski,  i ^ug .  6 ,  1395 • 


oI.LVLLPOX  TUTS  POLISH  GCLiI.X^nTY 


Dr.  Garrot,  Goimriissioner  of  Health  of  Ohicaco,  v;hose  concern  about  the 
health  of  Ohicacoans  is  v;ell  knovm  to  everyone,  requests  us  to  inforrfi  the 
Polish  public  that  an  outbreak  of  snallpox  has  b^en  discovered  in  ot,  Hedv/lg 
Parish.  It  is  especially  serious  on  Ilorth  Armitat";e  and  './est  Ashland  Avenues. 
Dr.  Garrot  v/ishes  to  inpress  upon  the  people's  ninds  that  they  should  take 
precautionary  measures  in  order  to  avert  a  spread  of  the  disease.  After 
all,  this  concerns  their  health  and  v;ell-being. 

The  Board  of  Health,  v/ith  the  aid  of  the  police,  durinc  the  past  tv;o  months 
has  uncovered  many  cases  of  smallpox.   Some  of  these  cases  ;/ere  discovered 
only  after  the  death  of  the  victim.  In  other  cases  the  victim  had  been  ill 
v/ith  smallpox  for  over  t;;o  or  three  v/eeks  before  it  v;as  knc^vn.  Such  in- 
cidents only  spread  the  disease  and  make  it-  impossible  to  check  the  epidemic. 
Conditions  :ould  not  have  become  so  b.id  had  the  doctors  reported  such  cases 
immediately  aft.r  their  i^'irst  visit.  Had  they  done  so,  patients  could  have 


1 


*,-  ..  ? 


■^IHIPRPr'^^niai^anqi 


I  I.: 

II  J  3 

III  C 


-  9  - 


FCLISi: 


Jziennll:  Chica:^osl:i,  Auc*   6,  1805. 


been  rerioved  to  a  Catholic  hospital,  cind  their  homes  could  have  been 
disinfcctod  v;hile  they  v;ere  away.  In  this  ^-'ay  their  neir;hbors  could 
have  been  safeguarded  t-.nd   at  the  ziir.Q   time  the  spread  of  the  disease 
could  have  been  checked.   dsc  r.iany  persons  could  have  been  spared  the 
experience  of  infection  and  perhaps  even  danrer  to  their  lives. 

T^at  is  v;hy  Jr.  Oarrot  is  i.iakinr  a  sincere  appeal  to  all  persons  residinc 
in  3t.  Hed\:ic  Parish  not  to  heep  secret  any  nev;  outbreahs  of  smallpox,  for 
bv  doinr  so  the^r   endanger  themselves  -md  all  others  .ho  come  in  contact 
ivith  them.  ;J1  Polish  doctors  are  also  re-;_uested  to  report  any  and  all 
cases  corin'-  to  their  attention. 


Only  in  the  hospital  for  Gonta-^-ious  "Jiseases  can  smallpox  be  properly 
treated,  and  oy   such  coniinemcnt  the  family  of  the  patient  can  be  safe- 
^niarded. 

This  hosnital  is  located  at  26th  Street  and  California  Avenue.   It  is  under 


II  D  3 

III  c 


-  ;:>  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Chicacoski,  /^u;;,.  6,  ir-9Ij 


the  supen^'inion  of  Catholic  nuns.  The  patients  are  jiven  the  best  of 
care,  Mothers  can  also  be  ccnfinecl  v;ith  their  children,  for  there  is 
enough  room.  At  the  present  ti:.:e,  thanks  to  the  Lord,  there  are  only 
a  fev;  cases. 


V.'e  are  farraliar  v;ith  a  number  or  Poles  v/hose  children  have  been  treated 
and  cured  at  this  hospital.  Therefore,  there  is  no  need  to  avoid 
hospitalization  at  this  Catholic  institution. 

Dr.  'C^irrot  states  that  the  test  ir.edium  through  v;hich  to  c-i^  irrununity  from 
snall-oox  is  vaccination.   Therefore  those  v;ho  v/ish  to  T:rotect  thenselves 
arainst  this  disease  should  be  vaccinated.   There  is  no  charge  for  this 
service.  T^arourh  the  efforts  of  the  "oard  of  Health  the  local  doctors 
have  been  inoculating  persons  ;iurinc  the  past  v;eek  ajid  this  v;eek  at  Ka^er's 
hall,  1163  Korth  Leavitt  otrcet.   This  service  is  betv;een  the  hours  of 


10 


-t. 


11.  and  11 


'  >.  • 


One  and  all  are  entitled  to  this  service. 


.■  J 


to 

c::> 

r-o 


II  D  3 

III  c 


^    A    ^ 


POLISH 


Dzieiinik  Ghica  -oski,  Aur.  6,  1895. 


Dr.  Garrot  invites  all  Polish  mothers  to  have  their  children  inoculated. 
Last  year  a  similar  epidenic  v/as  barely  averted  in  St.  Stanislaus  Kostka 
Parish.   \t  that  tine  vaccinations  v;ere  administered  at  the  Polish  Hall 
and  later  at  the  offices  of  Dr.  Jdward  Czernie^vski.  The  Poles  of  that 
vicinity  headed  the  pleas  of  Dr.  Garrot,  ./ho  appealed  to  them  through 
Dziennik  Ghicaroski.   Thus  the  epidemic  r;as  averted. 

17e  express  hope  that  the  Poles  in  Jt.  IIedv;i£:  Parish  v/ill  take  similar 
steps,  for  )r.  n-arrot's  only  aim  is  to  protect  the  health  of  the  people. 

To  further  substantiate  the  claims  and  value  of  the  smallpox  hospital 
service,  v;e  are  publishing  a  letter  received  from  Simon  Piasecki,  a 
reputable  resident  of  St.  Iledv/i^-  parish.  It  reads  as  follov/s: 


-13 
x> 


"Aug.  5,  1895. 


"The  undersigned,  Simon  Piasecki,  extends  sincere  thanlcs  to  Commissioner 


-  5  - 


Dzlennik  Chlcagoskl^  Aug.  6,  1895. 


POLISH 


of  Health  Dr.  Carrot  for  the  c^^^^io^s  care  he  has  given  my   frjmily  and  for  his 
sending  my  v;ife  and  children  to  the  smallpox  hospital. 

"Three  of  ny  children  v/ere  afflicted  v;ith  this  disease.   I  sorrov/fully  admit 
that  at  the  berinninc  I  had  little  confidence  in  the  healinc  value  of  this 
hospital  and  that  at  first  I  tried  to  prevent  the  confinement  of  my  children 
there.  But  nov;  I  am  fully  convinced  of  its  value,  and  I  v/ish  to  announce 
publicly  that  the  care  :iven  children  in  this  hospital  is  not  only  the  best 
but  that  it  protects  the  health  of  the  children  and  the  adults  in  the  home 
of  the  patient.  Had  I  knovm  the  meticulous  care  tendered  the  patients  at 
this  institution  I  never  v;ould  have  objected  to  it,  but  instead  v/ould  have 
immediately  reported  the  case  to  the  health  authorities  and  had  the  children 
sent  to  the  hospital. 

"At  the  present  time  I  v;ish  to  ur^e  ^11  persons  v;ho  have  one  of  their 
immediate  family  or  friends  suffering  from  smallpox  to  have  them  sent  to 
the  small-QOX  hosioital  at  once.   In  this  v;ay  their  lives  as  v/ell  as  the  lives 


re 


„  1 


I  i: 

II  D 

III  C 


-  G  - 


Dziennik  Chica^oski,  Auc,   6,  1C95. 


FCLI3II 


of  otliers  ./ill  'oe  protected. 


. ''  _  J 


dirrion  riasec.:i, 

1181  North  Leavitt  Street" 


Tlie  readers  and  slceptics  are  requested  to  take  note  of  this  letter.  'Those 
v/ho  do  not  v;ish  to  place  their  trust  in  the  v/ords  of  Jr.  Garrot  must  heed 
the  v;ords  of  I  r.  Piaseclzi.  If  they  \;ish  to  talk  v:ith  hin  personally  thoy 
nay  do  so  and  be  thorourhly  convinced. 


-o 


I  M 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Chicagoski,  Llay  3,  1895. 


SI^AILPOX  PREV;aE!W  BT  POLISH  C0L2vIUTTITISS 


Dr,  E.  Carrot,  chief  inspector  of  the  Board  of  Health,  paid  a  visit  to  the 
offices  of  the  Dziennik  Ghicagoski  and  informed  our  staff  about  the  sad  health 
conditions  in  our  comiminities. 

In  the  St.  Stanislaus  Kostka  Parish  and  adjoining  communities,  smallpox  has 
been  prevalent  for  some  time,  especially  among  the  Poles,  and  it  is  spreading. 
During  the  past  few  weeks  over  sixty  cases  of  smallpox  were  reported  in  this 
region;  a  few  cases  of  black  smallpox  were  also  listed. 

Cases  arose  in  the  following  homes:   508  and  611  Holt  Avenue,  468,  469,  and  470 
Elston  Avenue,  704  and  748  Noble  Street  (4  cases),  28  Luke  Street,  781  Milwaukee 
Avenue,  6  and  10  Sloan  Street,  and  134  North  Avenue  (8  cases).  This,  however, 
is  only  a  partial  list. 

The  smallpox  epidemic  is  spreading  because  a  large  number  of  the  families  and 


-  ■» 


T' 


-JL A_ 


\ 


I  M 


o 


POLISH 


DzienpiV  Ohicar-oski ,  V£.y   3,  1895, 

even  sone  of  the  doctors  are  keepinc  the  siclmess  a  secret;  consequently  their 
reports  come  late  to  the  Board  of  Health.  Ad   a  result,  the  stricken  person  can- 
not be  renoved  to  a  hospital  nor  the  hone  disinfected,  which  r/ould  check  the 
spread  of  the  disease  to  a  ninuiun.  :^   a  result  of  this  condition  the  spread 
of  the  disease  has  ^iven  cause  for  alamu 

Because  of  this.  Dr.  Jarrot  v;arns  all  Polos  to  oake  precautions,  and  he  appeals 
to  then  in  ^heir  o\m  interest  to  report  all  cases  of  si:iallpox,  and  not  to  ]:eep 
them  secret o  /U.1  those  r;ho  have  not  been  vaccinated,  or  v;ho  vjere  vaccinated  a 
lonr*  tine  a-^-o,  are  requested  to  see  to  it  that  they  are  vaccinated  immediately* 

Vaccination  services  are  rendered  free  by  Dr.  Hdv/ard  Gzerniev/ski,  699  Iloble 
Street  (corner  of  koble  and  Blacldiav/k  Streets,  above  Burda^s  drucstore). 

All  doctors  v;ho  v/ithhold  any  information  about  nev/  smallpo::  cases  v/ill  be 
prosecuted  by  lav/.  Dr.  Gkirrot  has  revealed  their  naraes  to  us;  hov/ever-,  v:e  v/ill 
not  reveal  them,  hoping  that  the  doctors  in  question  v;ill  remedy  their  policie 
in  the  near  future. 


CO 

r-o 


S 


I  M 


POLISH 


Dziennilc  Chicagoski>  Dec.  50,  1893. 

DAlJGffiR  OF  AN  EPIDEMIC 


Smallpox  has  appeared  among  the  people  living  in  the  vicinity  of  the  Isolation 
Hospital  for  the  Poor,  and  there  is  fear  that  it  may  spread  further.  This 
hospital  was  built  more  than  fifteen  years  ago,  when  the  neighborhood  was 
sparsely  settled,  but  now  hundreds  of  families,  most  of  which  are  Polish,  re- 
side here«  Since  these  families  have  built  their  homes  here  after  a  lot  of 
hfiurd  work,  it  now  becomes  necessary  to  remove  this  hospital  to  a  more  suitable 
place.  In  the  last  few  days,  three  persons  died  and  over  sixty,  of  whom  thirty 
live  in  this  locality,  contracted  smallpox. 


O 
en 


I  I 


lOLISH 


Dziermik  Ohicacosl^'i>  l^'ov,  28,  1893, 

POLJS  ARl.   SI.uiLLPOX  vicTr.:s 

Yesterday  afternoon,  in  tiie  district  south  of  31st  Street  and  east  of  the  south 
branch  of  the  river,  at  883  Ja:ies  Avenue,  a  veritable  nest  of  smallpox  v/as 
discovered.  Eif'Jit  persons,  including;  six  froii  one  faip.ily,  v;ere  sent  to  the 
hospital  and  the  ninth  victri  v/as  discovered  a  block  av/ay,  at  3244  LIusspratt 
Street. 


The  naiies  of  the  victims  are:   Catherine,- lilmma,  Joseph,  Sophia,  John  and  Anna 
Dropski,  Alfred  and  Ernest  Chambers,  and  Lizzie  Ordeska.  These  are  all  children 
under  13  years  of  age.  Dr.  Spauldin;;,  of  the  Board  of  Health,  discovered  them 
about  four  o'clock  in  the  afternoon;  the  doctor  v7ho  orif^inally  treated  them 
thour^ht  it  v/as  some  other  kind  of  rash. 


CO 


The  homes  v/ere  immediately  fumigated.  Six  doctors  v;ere  rushed  to  the  neighbor- 
hood to  vaccinate  all  residents. 


J.  i.. 


I  D  1  a 


Dziennik  Chics:  os-:i,  Ver.    IC,  1^93, 


LABOR'S  dai:^::rc 


:^c:"jcH 


(.]ditorir;:l) 

Labor,   under  present   conditions,    is   a   source  c:'  constant  dr.nrer  to  the 
vjorkers.      The   special  exertion  to  v/hich  certain  r)arts  of  the  bodv  are 
subjected,    is  the   source  of  inany  diseases  that   afflict   the  v;orher — the 
initial   source  of  his  v/eal:eninr*  end  derenera^ion.     I'any  boohs  have  been 
\vritten  by  learned   physicians  on  "Che   dan'*ers   to  v/hich  the  health  of   a 
v;ori:er   is   exnosed  b',''  -noor   labor   co:idioions. 


Undoubtedl- 


the  rreatest  dan:-er  is   the  fatal  off  act 


u> 


of  v-arious   hinds  of 


sliop  dust  on   the  lun'-s  and  otner  organs   of   the  body.      In  places  "ic-'iere  r:etal, 
r:la3S,    shell,    and  horn  products   are  i  lanufactured,   r.inute  narr.iclos  of  tliese 
materials   fon;:   a  ai-st  thai.   setoJ.as   in   tae  lun-'s   and  pores   and  hills   the 
v;orher  slov/l-^'. 


I  M 

TT'l   a 


-  2  - 


Dzlennlk  Chlcagoski,  Mar.  10,  1893 • 


POLISH 


A  famoiis  French  physician  has  made  a  very  carefiil  study  over  the  past  few 
years  of  the  effects  of  dust  on  the  health  of  workers.  He  has  reached  the 
following  conclusions,  based  on  a  detailed  examination  of  a  great  ntimber  of 
individual  cases:  For  every  hundred  metal  workers,  54  die  of  consumption; 
in  minerals,  51;  compositors,  27 •  Among  glass  workers,  27  out  of  500  die 
of  con8\uaptlon«  The  highest  mortality  rate  is  among  cabinetmakers — 56  out 
of  one  hundred* 

The  above  are  authoritative  statistics*  It  is  unnecessary  to  add  that 
such  occupations  as,  for  Instance,  sorting  of  old  rugs,  work  in  factories 
which  manufactxire  fertilizers  and  other  chemical  products,  work  that  brings 
one  in  contact  with  phosphorus,  mercury,  and  similar  substances,  are  all 
dangerous  to  health.  We  need  not  mention  damp,  unsanitary,  poorly  ventilated 
places  in  which  many  people  work. 


A  laborer,  then,  is  beset  with  a  great  variety  of  dangers  and  no  safeguards 


I  M 

I  D  1  a 


-  3  - 


Dzlennlk  Chlcagoski^  Mar.  10,  1893. 


POLISH 


Measures  for  safeguarding  the  lives  and  health  of  workers  have  long  been 
demanded.  Methods  and  apparatuses  have  been  even  developed  to  this  end,  as 
for  example,  ventilators  to  remove  the  dust  from  the  air  in  shops  and 
factories.  Thus  far  these  demands  have  brought  but  meager  results.  These 
fatal  working  conditions  exist  not  only  in  the  factories  of  Europe,  but 
in  those  of  America  as  well.  Aside  from  ventilation,  practically  nothing 
has  been  done  to  protect  the  lives  and  health  of  the  v/orkers. 


This  is  the  greatest  fault  of  the  capitalists.   The  sight  of  their  egoism 
in  the  face  of  the  workers*  sufferings  gives  rise  only  to  constantly  em- 
bittered relations  between  capital  and  labor—relations  which  may  lead  to 
the  worst  consequences. 


I  M 
IT 

II  A  1 


POLISH 


Zgoda.  Vol,  VI,  No.  7,  Feb.  12,  1890. 

.^^lANY  POLISS  DIE  FHOM  IlvFLUSNZ^ 

Many  of  the  dead  In  the  Central  states  from  the  epidemic  of  influenza 
which  carried  off  twelve  hundred  and  eight  people  in  Chicago  alone 
between  Deoemher  23,  1889  and  February  1,  1890,  were  Polish,  according 
to  a  statement  of  Dr.  Xelowski,  a  member  of  the  Board  of  Health. 


...  "r 
1  ^ 


CONTRI- 
BUTIONS 

AND  ACTIVITIES 
A.  Vocational 

1.  Professional 


f^ii 


I 


II  A  1 
I  A  1  a 


POLISH 


Dzlennlk  Zjednoczenia^  Vol»  VI,  No.  139,  June  16,  1926>j^f  (ji,^  Piiuj.^UlJt 


FIVE  um  POLISH  PHTSICIAJMS 


The  gradviation  exercises  of  the  Chicago  Medical  School  were  held  last 
Saturday  evening  in  the  beautiful  salon  of  the  Auditorium  Hotel •  At 
the  conclusion  of  a  program  of  singing,  music,  and  speeches,  Dr«  A« 
Augustine  O'jweil,  president  of  the  institution,  gave  diplomas  to 
the  graduates,  bestowing  upon  them  the  degree  of  Doctor  of  Medicine 
and  the  confirmation  that  they  have  graduated  from  the  aforementioned 
medical  school*  Five  Poles,  despite  great  obstacles  -  such  as  lack 
of  funds  and  the  fact  that  they  had  to  work  at  night  and  study  during 
the  day  -  were  among  those  who  graduated  with  honors  •  Their  names 
are  Frank  Sadowskl,  Daniel  Sokolowski,  S«  Pieczynski,  Frank  Socha, 
and  Aurelius  Siemianowski*  These  for  the  most  part  are  people  who 
a  few  years  ago  came  to  the  United  States  with  barely  an  elementary 
education,  but  who,  with  an  unyielding  impulse  and  love  for  learning, 
worked  during  the  day  and  attended  public  school  in  the  evenings;. 


v<q«vr«^WR' 


pp..-».  .-y  -^>-.f.-M— 


.iiisaEsi^aa: 


II  A 

I 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


rr 


Dzleimik  Zjednoozenia^  Vol.  VI,  i^o,  139,  June  15,  1926. 


»<» 


^4  *~.im.t/ 


PROJ.  3&?7;> 


After  finishing  both  public  and   high  school,  these  people  were  able  to 
value  the  meaning  of  education  in  this  century,  so  that  with  redoubled 
energy  they  undertook  studies  at  a  university,  receiving  their  diplo- 
mas last  Saturday,  which  gives  them  the  assurance  of  a  proper  standing 
in  society,  and  also  providing  for  them  materially^ 

Our  youth,  whom  we  usually  see  hcmging  around  pool  rooms  and  wasting 
their  time  in  similar  places ^  ought  to  follow  in  the  footsteps  of 
these  students  who,  at  the  time  of  their  arrival  in  America,  were 
in  no  better  position  than  thousands  of  other  youths,  with  the 
exception  that  instead  of  wasting  their  time,  they  gave  themselves 
ardently  to  study,  receving  today  their  well-merited  reward* 


« 


• 


II  A  1 
II  D^3 
I  F  5 
lY 


PCLi:^H 


Dziennik  Zjednoczeniat    Vol.riVI.    No.    242,    Oct.    16,    1922. 

POLISH  CIIIRCPR..CTCRS    CRG^aHZE. 


o 


I  ^ 


Polish  chiropractors,  of  whom  there  are  about  fifteen  in  ^hicago,  have 
formed  a  professional  association,  for  which  seven   meiabers  signed  up  at 
once. 


n  organization  meeting  was  held  yeaterday  in  the  "buili-iin^  at  20  I,,  .n^h- 
land  nlvd.,  called  together  throu^u  the  initiative  of  doctors  of  Chiro- 
practic, :essrs.  Ignatius  T.  Fleming  and  '^dward  J.  Dulak.   At  taut  aduress 
will  be  the  Jiain  headquarters  of  the  association. 

Dr.  Fleming:,-  was  the  chair:;ian  of  the  organization  'leetini  and  '"r,  'Hulak:  the 
secretary.  The  official  name  adopted  is:  Association  o"^  polish  'Chiroprac- 
tors. 


A  resolution  was  also  adopted  unanimously  to  donate  te:.  dollars  tov/'ari  tie 
campai^.n  fun;  of  Judge  Jarecki,  so  a-;  to  support  sucn  u.i  in^jortant  ir.att'3r 
for  tiie  Poles. 


-o« 


/  l' 


Dzieimik  Z.je^noczenia,  Vol.  X:(VI.  IJo.  2^2,  Cct.  16 »  19 


This  move  should  be  given  recor:nition.  At   the  eurlie'^t  onnortunity  ,  we 
will  write  about  ChiropmctiCt  which  constitutes  an  important  branch  of 
knowledge  in  treating  hiraan  jilnents  without  surgery  or  riedicine. 


II  A  1 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Chicagoski,  Feb.  3,  1922 


0113  OF  0U3S 


Dr.  Joseph  Ligman  was  bom  in  Chicago,  Uay  26,  1893.  Kis  parents,  who  were 
among  the  founders  of  St.  Helen's  parish,  died  last  year.   They  had  lived 
for  more  than  thirty  years  in  what  is  today  St.  Helen's  parish,  and  their 
four  children  still  reside  there.  The  family  was  quite  large,  since  there 
were  twelve  children;  but  every  child  received  a  proper  education.  One  son, 
the  Heverend  Thaddeus  Ligman,  is  dean  of  St.  Stanislaus'  College;  the  second 
son,  Luarion,  is  /^oy^J  an  oculist  and  was  for  many  years  a  druggist;  three 
other  sons  hold  responsible  positions  with  Chicago  fir.os,  and  Dr.  Joseph 
Ligman,  of  whom  v/e  give  this  short  biographical  sketch,  is  an  optometrist 
and  is  at  present  completing  his  studies  as  an  oculist. 


^ 

^ 


Dr.  Joseph  Ligman  received  his  elementary  and  secondary  education  in  the  St. 
Stanislas  Kbstka  parish  schools.  In  his  vacations  he  worked  in  a  drugstore. 
When  he  was  only  seventeen  years  old,  he  obtained  a  position  with  the  Crane 
Company  els  a  helper  in  the  infirmary;  at  the  same  time  he  continued  his 


II  A  1 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


Dzlennik  Chicagoski,  Feb.  3,  1922. 

studies,  attending  evening  classes.  Two  years   later  he  returned  to  the 
pharmaceutical  profession  and  shortly  afterwards  passed  the  State  ex- 
amination for  druggists.  He  immediately  became  manager  of  one  of  the 
largest  drugstores  downtown.  Later,  passing  the  examination__for  optome- 
trists, he  opened  his  office  in  the  drugstore  where  he  was  /still/  em- 
ployed as  assistant  manager,  but  when  his  own  business  became  too  large, 
he  was  compelled  to  discontinue  his  work  for  the  drugstore  and  to  open 
a  large  office  in  the  Home  Bank  Building  at  1200  North  Ashland  Avenue. 
Recently  he  equipped  a  larger  office  and  laboratoiy  at  1064  Milwaukee 
Avenue . 

Besides  attending  to  his  /Chicagjo7  patients  he  also  takes  care  of  the 
eyes  of  the  orphans  in  St.  Hedwig's  Orphanage  at  Niles,  Illinois.  He 
has  a  large  patix^nage  among  the  Polish  students  in  Chicago. 

For  many  years  Dr.  Ligman  has  been  a  menber  of  the  Polish  Alma  Liater;  he 
belongs  also  to  the  Knights  of  Columbus  and  to  the  Polish  National 


■X) 


r- 


f*> 


CUT? 
O 


II  A  1 


-  3  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Cliicagoskl,  Feb.  3,  1922. 

Alliance.  He  is  an  active  nenber  of  the  Polish  Alma  toter  Building:  and 
Loan  Association,  of  which  he  is  one  of  the  directors. 

In  the  last  war  he  was  a  spealcer  in  the  Govemiient  loan  compaigns;  he  was 
€dso  one  of  those  who  without  compensation  worked  to  uncover  pio-Germans 
and  German  spies,  exposing  hLniself  frequently  to  serious  danger. 

Vflien  only  twenty-two  years  old,  he  married  Lliss  Stephanie  Jablonska,  member 
and  one  of  the  founders  of  the  St.  Helen  Chorus.  Dr.  and  Idrs.  Ligraan  liave 
three  sons;  the  faiiily  resides  /in  the  apartmen^  above  the  Doctor's  office. 

Still  a  comparatively  young  man,  he  is  already  well  knovm  and  respected  not 
only  among  Poles  but  also  among  people  of  other  nationalities. 


II  A  1 
IV 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Chicagoski,  Jan.  18,  1922. 

ONii:  OF  OURS 

Dr.  Ladislas  A.  Kuflewski  was  born  in  Posen  province,  Poland,  in  1870.  There 
he  received  his  elementary  and  secondary  schooling.  In  1886  young  Kuflewski 
arrived  in  Chicago.   Here  he  enrolled  for  medical  studies  in  the  University 
of  Illinois,  and  in  1894  he  received  his  final  diploma  as  a  physician  and 
surgeon.  He  began  his  professional  career  in  the  Polish  hospital,  St.  Llary's 
of  Nazareth,  where  in  the  course  of  time  he  earned  a  reputation  and  became  a 
famous  surgeon.  At  present  he  is  a  senior  surgeon  on  the  staff  of  the  Polish 
hospital  and  is  one  of  its  best  and  most  devoted  friends  and  v/orkers. 


founder 


Dr.  Kuflewski  is  very  active  in  social  and  ^litriotic  affairs.  He  is  a 
a  life  member,  and  at  this  moment  the  president  of  the  Polish  Physicians'  Asso- 
ciation, a  member  of  the  Chicago  I'edical  Society,  the  Illinois  L'edical  Society, 
the  Illinois  Surgical  Society,  the  ChiCdgo  Surgical  Academy,  and  the  Araerican 
Medical  Association,  and  an  associate  member  of  the  American  College  of  Surgeons 
Dr.  Kuflewski  is  also  an  active  member  of  the  Chicago  Athletic  Club  and  of  the 


A 


II  A  1 
IV 


-  2  - 


Dziennik  Chicagoski^  Jan.  18,  ISES. 


POLISH 


Polish  National  Alliance,  of  which  he  has  "been  a  chief  medical  examiner.  He 
has  also  been  a  professor  of  surgery  in  the  Chicago  Medical  College,  vice- 
president  of  the  Chicago  Board  of  Education,  president  of  the  Chicago  Public 
Library  Board,  and  president  of  the  Polish  National  Library  Board.  The  Poles 
in  America  elected  him  chief  marshal  for  the  unveiling  ceremonies  of  the  monu- 
ments of  the  American  Revolutionary  War  leaders.  General  Kosciusko  and  General 
Pulaski,  in  VJashington,  D.  C,  in  1910.  In  the  same  year  he  was  sent  by  the 
Chicago  Poles  as  a  delegate  to  the  Polish  Congress  held  in  V:ashington,  D.  C, 
during  which  he  was  chairman  of  the  finance  committee.  At  the  present  time 
he  is  again  the  chief  medical  examiner  for  the  Polish  National  Alliance. 


~.  .i 


In  1906  Dr.  Kuflewski  married  Miss  Rose  C^viklinska  of  Buffalo.  They  have  one 

daughter,  Alice,  nov;  two  years  old.  They  live  on  the  Northwest  Side  of  the 

city,  but  in  the  near  future  they  will  remove  to  their  new  residence  at  1725 
South  Ashland  Avenue. 


V/idely  knovm  as  a  great  physician,  a  good  Pole,  and  a  man  of  noble  virtues. 
Dr.  Kuflewski  is  one  of  the  shining  lights  of  our  Polonia. 


II  A  1 

II  A  2 

III  H 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Chicagoski,  Jan,  7,  1922 • 

A  N5r;J  POLISH  LAvrasR 

We  are  notifying  our  readers  that  ITr.  E»  Zolkowski,  director  of  the  Palatine 
corporation,  has  opened  his  own  law  office,  Mr.  Zolkowski  received  his  busi-  ' 
ness  training  at  Northwestern  University  and  his  legal  training  at  the  Lincoln 
College  of  Law*  After  finishing  the  law  course  and  passing  the  state  examina- 
tion he  received  in  February  1920,  a  license  to  practice  law  in  Illinois. 

Mr.  Zolkov/ski  worked  for  several  years  as  bookkeeper  and  notary  public  in  the 
real  estate  department  of  the  Northwestern  Trust  and  Savings  Bank,  and  for 
five  years  he  was  employed  as  an  auditor  and  statistician  by  the  State  Public 
Utilities  Commission  and  by  the  Department  of  Roads  and  Communications  of  the 
State  of  Illinois*  In  the  World  //ar  he  served  in  the  American  Army. 

For  several  years  he  was  office  manager  for  the  Palatine  motor  bus  corporation, 
the  main  office  of  which  was  moved  last  year  from  New  York  to  Chicago.  As 
secretary  and  treasurer  of  this  corporation  he  had  contributed  very  much  to 


c: 


CD 


II  A  1 

II  A  2 

III  H 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


Dziennlk  Chicagoski,  Jan*  7,  1922 


the  solid  foundation  of  a  motor  bus  corporation  in  Poland  ivhich  operates  at 
present  sixty  busses • 

The  fact  that  Mr,  Zolkowski  is  a  puolic  accountant  with  several  years ^ 
practice  and  is  an  expert  in  real  estate,  corporation,  and  federal  income 
tax  law  makes  him  an  excellent  legal  and  business  counsellor  for  Polish  busi- 
nessmen and  industrialists  especially  in  matters  having  to  do  ivith  taxes,  since 
frequently  one  can  save  a  considerable  sum  of  mone^''  by  properly  filling  out 
the  income  tax  report* 


~^  r 


Mr.  Zolkowski  conducts  a  general  law  practice.  He  receives  his  clients  in  his 
downtown  office,  29  South  La  Salle  Street,  Room  1040,  daily  from  9  to  12  A.M. 
In  the  afternoon,  from  2  to  5,  he  may  be  found  in  the  building  of  the  Palatine 
corporation,  1521-1525  Haddon  Avenue*  For  the  convenience  of  those  who  are 
employed  during  the  day  his  office  is  open  Monday,  Wednesday,  and  Saturday  from 
6  to  8  o* clock  in  the  evening. 


II  -  1 


T    t 


T~r 


r" 


PT-V 


* 'i ec7^^ri.?.'"   7 .    -- er ';c:r'-"0". .rki 


\2Ae^y  known  anc   ren-^rallv  ll''ea   i::  t:;e   ::ccial  life   cT   cur  Chico^o  Polonia, 
:''r.   T:-er*/0">r>v;ski   v.as  bcrn   in   1-^-^0   in  ':pr.v,.-.;^   .  oland  where  he  attended  ^r&mnar 
rchool   and   the  c^a?ninal  r--.:na-i -i:a.        ^   -o^^^'"* -^ted    onlv  tv/o  '.'Co^^   ^f   the  :-'yr- 
neniu!';  because   in  lS9h,    ar    a    ..nirteen-ycar-cl^   b-^v,    ho   ca::-.o   tc   Chica:x   to   live 
vjith  hi-   uncle  in     t,    ..isani- l;-s    -^ari-h.      .ore   .ic  -.a::   al.   Tinrt   a  :  ir:il  of   the 
ht.    huan:  ^lar^   -^arocnial    school   -^n'     uh^^n  (;.     bh .    'i.hi.ic    :Ta:;.iiiar   ^•cli-ol.      Shortly 
aftoio^ards  :.e  ricved  n-lth  hja   uno  i  e  t<^  California,      .h'tor  hip   rotunn  tn  O^jca-o 
he   eni^olled   at   '  art  i.er't'.rn   Voiv^/r.  Ity  aa   a   :'i:u.:oat    li:   t..':-  -^  lar.aceu  .,ical   ^e- 
^arx^raont,    a::^    in  1G02,    ; 
certii'icate   of  r^---j',uur> 
tiie   firac   voar  of  his   career 


u  e  r  '  ■'<-  a  a  1.  ii 


L  !  I   - 


final    oxa ';in:  tion-^- ,    h';:   recalved   the 
ai*:  aciat  \hen   only   tv:enty-on:^   }^c;ara   old.      Ihirinr 


1^  .^      fa 


rrif^TT-r^c  J  at   h^-  vaa   r-' an  a;*  or 


!        u. 


2".'0v;   cTxxr 


•ent 


a  <=•   ^.* 


j^tore  at  h^M'-^   an^    -•"'ac^havjk    ::troet;-.      In   t:'o  folln.  in  •   y^^ar,   lioaeve-, 
ii'trc    una  real   er-Daae  buainoaa,    enteri'/-  t..o   flr:;i  of   hTy-Mna    1,    '^'^7^-;.-^hart   and 
Co:n-^-anv,   vaioae  cfi'lcea  v^ore   locai:ed   ai;     "il    au:ae   -ve:^L;t^  and   Tell      rreet  and 
later  i:  ;re  relieved   to  ..i"^    r.unec  Avanue  net   far  fron  "Civiaion    street. 


v.- 


en 


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fo  unci  erf   ::i'  ; 
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t     re.nent   ir   it; 


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i 


II  A  1 
I  F  5 

III  D 
IV 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Chicagoski,   Jan.   4,   1922 


OUH  oim 


ISr.   Julius  Smietanka,  son  of  Francis  and  Joan  Snietanka,  nee  Kadow,  was 
b03?n  in  Chicago  in  the  year  1872.  He  first  attended  the  St.  Adalbert 
parish  school  and  later  the  Pickard  public  school  and  the  V/est  Division 
High  School.  After  completing  a  business  course  at  the  IJetropolitan 
College  he  was  employed  about  two  years  as  a  bookkeeper  in  the  National 
Brev/ery.  Wishing  to  obtain  a  higlier  education,  he  enrolled  with  the 
Chicago  Atheneiun  for  a  pre-legal  course,  which  he  followed  by  entering 
the  Kent  College  of  Law,  fron  which  he  graduated  with  the  degree  of  LL. 
3.  when  only  twenty-two  years  old.  In  the  sane  year  he  received  his 
license  to  practice  law,  a  profession  which  he  has  followed  up  to  the 
present  tine. 


T3 
O 

JO 


Mr.  Snietanka  takes  a  very  active  part  in  social  and  political  affairs, 
Polish  as  well  as  American.  In  his  life  he  has  held  many  different  of- 
fices. In  the  adninistration  of  Llayor  Busse  he  was  for  three  years  a 


wm 


m 


II  A  1 


2 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Chicagoskl>  Jan.  4,  1922. 


I  F  5 
III  D 
IV 

member  of  the  Board  of  Education.  Llr.  Busse's  successor,  Ilr. 
Harrison,  nordnated  hiiii  again  for  this  office,  but  I2r.  Smietanka  resigned 
before  completing  his  term  of  office  to  take  the  post  of  collector  of 
internal  revenue  for  the  Northern  District  of  Illinois,  offered  to  him 
by  President  V/ilson..  In  spite  of  great  responsibilities  because  of  the 
V/orld  War  he  discharged  the  duties  of  this  office  to  the  complete  satis- 
faction of  all.  Through  his  efforts  the  number  of  Poles  employed  in  vari- 
oxis  federal  bureaus  has  been  greater  than  ever  before.  In  short,  whenever 
he  could,  he  endeavored  to  push  Poles  into  more  important  jobs  in  Chicago 
and  even  in  V/ashington,  after  six  3/ears  he  resigned  the  office  in  order  to 
devote  his  whole  time  to  his  own  affairs  and  his  law  practice. 


TS 

o 

o 


CD 

cr 


After  the  incorporation  of  the  Northwestern  Trust  and  Savings  Bank  he  be- 
came a  director  of  this  institution,  an  office  which  he  still  holds.  He 
was  also  at  one  time  a  vice-president  of  this  bank.  Later,  he  was  elected 
president  of  the  Depositors'  State  Bank,  an  office  v/hich  he  resigned  in 
1919. 


-  3  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Chicagoskl,   Jan.  4,   1922, 


II  A  1 
I  F  5 

III  D 
IV 

LIT.  Smletanka  is  also  a  director  and  the  general  secretary  of  the 
Great  Lakes  Insurance  company,  and  he  is  a  member  of  the  Polish  National 
Alliance,  the  Knights  of  Coluiabus,  the  Iroquois  Club,  the  ladday  City  Club, 
the  Bar  Association,  and  many  other  organizations.  He  has  been  a  member 
of  the  executive  committee  of  Catholic  Charities  since  the  foundation  of 
this  institution.  He  is  a  member  of  the  important  law  firm  of  Kraus, 
Groodwin,  Smietanka,  and  Richard,  whose  offices  are  located  in  the  Tribune 
Building,  7  South  Dearborn  Street.  They  have  a  branch  office  in  Washington, 
D.  C. 

IJlr.   Smietanka  specializes  in  legal  questions  pertaining  to  prohibition  and 
federal  taxes  as  well  as  in  matters  of  general  law  practice. 

In  1901  LIT.  Smietanka  married  Liary  Barzynska,  niece  of  Fathers  Vincent  and 
Joseph  Barzynski.  The  marriage  was  blessed  with  five  children,  of  whom  the 
younger  ones  go  to  the  St.  Philip  parochial  School,  and  the  older  ones  at- 
tend Bowen  High  School  in  South  Chicago  and  DePaul  University. 


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Dzieimik  Ghicagoski,  Jan.  4,  1922. 


I  F  5 

III  D 

IV 

Mr.  Smietanka  lives  in  a  beautiful  residence  on  the  South  Side  at 

7345  Oglesby  Avenue.  In  his  leisure  time  he  pursues  his  hobby  of  garden- 
ings on  his  farm  in  Liichigan. 


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Dziennlk  Chicagoski,  Dec.  1,  1921. 

A  lO/  POLISII  CKIHOFELiCTOR 

Frank  Tenerovxicz,  also  known  as  Frank  Tener,  a  member  of  the  Polish  Union 
for  many  years  and  one  of  the  foianders  of  Lodge  258,  Polish  Union,  located 
in  the  Holy  Trinity  Parish,  is  starting  his  own  practice  as  a  chiropractor. 
Doctor  Tener  worked  as  a  mechanic  in  the  United  States  iirmy  during  the 
V/orld  i/ar.  In  June,  1919,  he  attended  an  army  school  at  IVetuchen,  New  Jersey. 
After  two  months  of  artillery  study  he  uas  sent  to  an  arsenal  at  Rock  Island, 
Illinois.  Ke  worked  as  an  assistant  foreman.  Desiring  further  scl-iooling, 
Doctor  Tener  attended  B.   J.  Palmer's  School  of  chiropractics  at  Davenport, 
Iowa.  He  completed  a  three-year  course  on  November  4,  1921.  On  December  1, 
he  opened  an  office  at  1505  ./est  Chicago  -n^venue,  near  Ashland  Avenue, 


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i  .. '. 


.'-*> 


Dziennik  Zwiazkovrr,  Jan*  6,  1919. 


POLISH  Tj:c:iiGLas  ^jd  .Linna.^is  oi^aurizjD 


A  neetinf:  of  Polifih  tecnnicians  v;as  held  on  Sunday,  December  29,   1918, 
and  after  a  prcloncsd  discussion  a  ncr.7  orf-anisation  v/as  fomed  under  the 
nane  of  Polisli  Technicians*  Association,     The  nev;  officers  elected  are: 
K»  Szyi-ianski ,  II.  j1«  ,   president,   r.nd  .U   Turczynov;icz,  1.1.   E.,   secretary. 

It   v.'as  also  decided  to  or  anize  a  trade  school  for  rienbers,  under  the 
nanageraent   of  K.   Szy^anski ,  !.'.•  E.   and  under  the   suoervision  of  the 
association.      In  order  to  st  .rt  the  school  mejr.bers  lorosent  riade  a 
voluntary  loan  to  the  association,   of  ^10  each,  vrliich  brought  a  sura  of 
voOO. 


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Dziennik  Zwiazkowy>  Sept*  20,  1918 • 
BERNARD  MATZ  MADE  A  MEMBER  OF  EXEMPTION  BOARD 


Mr.  Berneufd  Llatz,  the  well-icnown  Polish  attorney,  whose  offices  are  located  at 
1135  West  Chicago  Avenue,  was  recently  honored  by  lo*.  Crowder,  the  assistant 
attorney  general.  Mr.  Matz  was  made  legal  adviser  of  the  draft  exemption  board. 
He  will  decide  upon  all  doubtful  legal  questions  which  may  arise  in  the  inter- 
pretation of  the  new  draft  enactment.  This  distinction  accorded  a  Polish  bar- 
rister gratifies  us  exceedingly,  since  it  gives  public  recognition  to  Mr.  Matz^s 
long  and  conscientious  work  in  the  legal  profession. 

Mr.  Matz  is  also  a  member  of  the  military  executive  board  in  Mr.  Max  Kaczmarek^s 
office,  which  is  also  located  at  1135  West  Chicago  Avenue,  and  is  an  expert  in 
that  department  of  law.   All  doubtful  questions  in  the  answering  or  the  draft 
questionnaires  may  be  clarified  either,  by  appearing  personally  before  Mr.  Matz 
at  his  place  of  business  or  by  correspondence  with  him. 


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I'^icrini^-'   .'•■.'i^Ti:owy,    .T^ane   1"^,    l^il-:^. 


^■« 


ommence 


merit    pyer-^ir^-?   v^ere   rv  li  ye^rt^^rd'^^''   -^t   "I'orthv   «^terrn   'Jn V''er-?it.v' ?   P'^tten 
l>ymri '  f5  iujn  '^t  which  dearee:?  were   r»v'ord^-c'.      A: -on-  t:  o?e   to   receive  hi^  T-fr^chelor 
of  Low  defrree  v;.<^g   y'.)"iiiipr    ^'>?i::.ir  .  idovinT,    -^on  of   tne   I'^te  ^r.    Cf>?i':iir  .' ido^-'l -"7, 
veil-known  ^vysioi^n  ^n-l  nationalistic  worker  who  will   lon^f^*  "be   rerf.enroered   "by 
tne  Pole?    rxri^.    "by  Chic^-^.-o ,    .-^^nd   Theo-^' ii^i-^    •'offn.'^n     'idovic-,,    -'ho,    -incr^   fue  de^th 
of  her   hufh'^nd   Y.'z   heen  livinr  onl-'   for  ner    '^on   '-■\v\  'ci-^?    -v/.'-ited   ye^t-rdr^y' f: 
occpsi'-Ti  for  :?^'^rvj  lin^-  ve^r^:, 

Cnr  :.^oun;T  l-^^^'yer  '-"-s   horn   in    ^l^aet,   JTlh---:t-<   Conntv,    :>liforni^.      He   r^ttendec 
St.    St^nir^lruG   Kostlc-  Pnrochir.l   School    ^nd    Cnrl   rJcmir-  "^•i^-h  School.      After 
c-r-=du^tion  froM  ni^h  school,    he  r^ttended   the    ^^hic^^o    ^nd  !iorthwe?tfrn  univer^^i- 
tie^.    -  t    the   1-tter    -f  which   ne   cor^v^'eted  his   three   ye-^r:-    of   l-^w  -'-ith   hi^h 
honors.      In  addition  to   the  ner-ree,    he  w:^s   -^w^rded   the   Oh.^rles   Koe-ke  Prize. 


55 


In   tne   l-^t   yc  ^-r   of  hi?    tudie^:,    t.  e  University   f'^c^.ilty  ;.  anointed  youn^^  I/idowic 


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?. 


D7.ieuni'<  Zwi^'^^kowv,  J\me   13 »  191^. 

to  ^n  ^ssocir^te  editTshin  of   the  Illinois  Lny;  lie v i ev- ,  the  first  Pole  to 
receive  this  honor.  He  ^'^s  sent  ^t   the  university's  exrjense  to  the  Ap^ell^te 
Court  in  :ount  Vernon  in  order  to  review  ^nd  reoort  on  the  -roceedins-s  of  its 
l.'^st  session* 

* 

yiidowicz  w?:^s   ernnlo-ed  for  some  time   -^t   the  ITorthwestern  Trust    r^n6   Srvin^s  ?.nn> 
.'^nd   is   ^t   oresent   er.nloye'l    hy  the  \rv  firm  of  Zi.nmerin^n,    'jT>rrett   r^.nd.  Hundell, 
:\ation^l  Life  "Bujldin??:. 

'.'e   extend  our   con.:^rntul'^tions   to   the  -^oun,^   Ir'-ycr   -nA  we  hone   th-^t   he  will 
trr^vel    in  the   footsteo   of  his    illustrious   fptr:er,    remeaiherin.^  th^^t,    r^lthou.^h 
he  wr-s   born  in  t:  is   country,    he   is   of  Polish   blood,      './e   -^Iso   extend  our   con- 
f-rpt'il^t  ions   to   his  ::other,   ^ho,    rafter  mony  '^e^rs   of  w-^itin^^,    c--m  now    -e  ^roud 
of  her   son. 


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Dziennik  Zwiazkov/y,  Lfeir*  30,  1918. 

AFTiilR  A  Y£2\R   OF  V.'OHK 
(Bulletin  of  the  Polish  Dentists'  Association) 

Sverj'  association  of  professional  laen  must  fill  a  certain  general  need  in  its 
particular  field  and  on  this  basis  alone  it  is  responsible  to  the  public.  For' 
this  reason,  v;e  feel  it  our  duty  to  nake  a  report  of  the  first  year  of  our 
activity*  1 


The  Polish  Dentists*  Association  was  organized  through  the  efforts  of  Dr*  ^1. 
Koniuszewski»  At  its  first  meeting,  the  organization  took  over  the  charter 
of  a  similar  organization  which  had  e;c- ited  for  a  fev/  years  (the  active 
meifibGrs  were  Doctors  Ilovvacki,  Zielinski^  Wybraniel,  and  \'u  A.   Gorny).  At 
the  next  meeting,  a  constitution  was  drav/n  up  and  accepted  and  officers  were 
elected*  Since  then,  lueetin^s  have  been  held  evory  month*  At  each  meeting 
scientific  and  technical  oatters  in  the  dental  field,  arising  out  of  lectures 
presented  by  members,  have  been  discussed* 


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Dziennik  Z\Yiazko\vy,  ISar,  30,  1913. 


On  the  outside,  the  Association's  members  have  spread  the  theory  of  mouth 
hygiene  through  the  Polish  press  and  through  their  so-called  bulletin,  "In 
efforts  for  health". 

Those  who  have  full  nenbership  in  the  association  are  as  follows:  Dr.  S. 
Gorny,  19th  Street  and  Ashland  revenue,  member  of  Press  Comnittee;  Dr.  Kobrzynski 
president,  801  Milwaukee  Avenue;  Dr.  F.  Kubiak,  11411  South  llichigan  Avenue, 
Pullman,  Illinois;  Dr.  J.  J.  Liss,  tr rjasurer,  1401  North  Ashland  Avenue; 
Dr.  W.  IJov/acki,  vice-president  and  librarian,  2891  liilwaulce- ?  Avenue;  Dr.  E. 
Ordan,  1052  Milwaukee  Avenue,  censorship  comnittee;  Dr.  F.  Pelka,  1609  West 
13th  Street,  membership  committee;  Dr.  J.  Strozev/ski,  2028  North  Robey  Street; 
Dr.  N.  3.  Trafny,  5129  West  31st  Street,  Cicero,  Illinois;  Dr.  E.  J.  Urbanov/icz, 
secretary,  4644  South  Ashland  Avenue;  Dr.  II.  J.  Urbanov/icz,  South  Chicago;  Dr.  J 
Zabrocki,  25  li^ast  Washington  Street;  Dr.  J.  Zielinski,  1152  North  Ashland  Ave- 
nue. 


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Jr.  S.  Lepak,  C.  D»  C,  Chicago,  Illinois,  and  Dr.  S.  Chadlupski,  1207  50th 


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Dziennik  Zv/iazkov;^"»  Mar*  30,  1918 • 
Street,  New  York  City,  Nev;  York,  are  members  extraordinary. 

Student  members  are  as  follows:  A.  M#  Jozefczyk,  2137  North  Hamlin  Aveuue; 
P#  Kruszynski,  1849  V^rren  avenue;  A.  S«  Lepak,  1822  West  Monroe  Street;  S,  M. 
Kioduszewski,  2137  North  Hamlin  iivenue;  ./•  Osowski,  1840  i/est  Adams  Street;    ^ 
B«  B.  Pawlowski,  2214  V/est  Lorel  Avenue;  S.  Pacer,  4644  South  Hermitage  Ave-    ^ 
nue;  A.  Piekarski,  3035  North  Hamlin  Avenue;  Z.   Skowron,  1739  North  Lincoln    p 
Street;  W.  Ulanowicz,  1822  West  Ltonroe  Street;  Z.   Zagorski,  2137  Eaddon  Avenue.  <^ 

Any  Pole  licensed  to  practice  dentistry  in  the  State  of  Illinois  who  is  a 
member  of  the  Chicago  Dental  Association— in  other  words,  any  Pole  who  is  aii 
active  menbor  of  a  professional  association  and  abides  by  the  code  of  ethics —  ^ 
may  be  a  full  membor.  Any  Pole  practicing  dentistry  under  the  above  conditions 
outside  the  State  of  Illinois  may  be  a  full  mei.ber  extraordinary •  Any  Pole 
studying  dentistry  at  a  recog.ii?;ed  school  may  be  a  student  member* 

Because  of  these  restrictions,  the  Polish  Dentists*  Association  has  not  been 


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Dzieimik  Zwiazkov/y,  Liar.  :30,  1913. 

able  to  include  all  of  the  Polish  dentists,  while  those  who  could  meet  the 
requirements  evidently  do  not  recognize  their  public  duty  in  connection  with 
their  professional  work.  We  have  hop^s,  however,  tiiat  our  membership  list 
will  grow  in  proportion  to  the  spreading  of  our  influence  and  the  understandins 
of  our  principles.  The  aim  of  the  Association  is  tv;ofold:  mutual  advancement 
in  the  professional  field  and  honest  treatment  of  patients,  and  the  spreading 
of  the  theories  of  mouth  hygiene  among  laymen  by  individual  effort,  through 
the  press,  by  lectures,  and  so  on. 

The  first  year  of  our  activity  has  brought  about  a  mutual  understanding,  a 
certain  harmony  of  action,  an  understanding  of  the  duties  of  professional  men 
to  the  public. 

On  these  principles,  we  can  expect  a  great  deal  more  useful  v/ork  in  our  second 
year,  and  obvious  results^ 


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In  conclusion,  we  feel  it  our  public  duty  to  thank  the  editors  of  this  i)aper 


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Dzlennlk  Zwlazkov/y,  Mar*  30,  1918 • 

for  their  kindness  in  giving  us  space  in  their  coluians*  V/e  hope  for  their 
continued  co-operation. 

For  the  Press  Gomnittee, 
Dr#  Stephen  S.   Go  my. 


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Dziennik:  awiazlgowy>  Aug.  7,  1917  • 

POLISH  UENTIST  BEGINS  PRACTICE 

Dr»  Wenoeslaus  Strozewslci  was  bom  in  the  Kingdom  in  Poland  ^^ssian  occupation7> 
where  he  received  his  elementary  education*  He  came  to  the  United  States  at 
a  very  early  age  and,  at  rirst,  attended  evening  school*  Later,  he  entered     I 
the  high  school  at  Valparaiso,  Indiana,  upon  graduation  from  wnich  he  attended   | 
VsLLparaiso  University • 

In  1914,  he  enrolled  with  the  Chicago  College  of  Dental  Surgery*  After  three 
years  of  study,  he  received  his  degree  in  dental  surgery  at  the  commencement 
exercises  held  at  the  Garrick  Theater ♦ 


Dr*  Strozewski  has  already  received  notification  from  Springfield  that  he  has 
passed  the  state  examination,  which  gives  him  the  right  to  practice  dentistry 
and  dental  surgery* 

Dr*  Strozewski  is  a  member  of  the  Polish  National  /illiance:  Polish  Sagle 


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Dziennilc  Ziyjazkowy,  Aug«  7,  1917. 


Society,  group  526. 


He  plans  to  conduct  his  practice  in  the  city  or  Chicago. 


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Dziennik  Zwlazkowy,  July  14,  1917 


ney;  polish  physician 


The  science  of  healing  human  ills  has  a  magnetic  attraction  that  does  not 
confine  itself  to  drawing  men  into  its  panics,  for  occasionally  it  attracts 
women.  Such  a  woman  is  Dr.  Helen  Gorecki,  born  in  Chicago,  daughter  of  Mr. 
and  Mrs.  W.  Gorecki. 

Dr.  Helen  Gorecki  received  her  first  education  at  the  St.  Stanislaus  Kostka 
Parochial  School.  Later,  when  her  family  moved  to  Arlington  Heights,  she 
attended  public  school  there.  She  also  attended  the  public  high  school  in 
Arlington  Heights,  after  her  graduation  fromWiich  she  began  to  consider  her 
future  career.  Her  thoughts  naturally  turned  in  the  direction  of  art,  and 
with  this  idea  in  mind  she  entered  Loyola  Universitv,  receiving  her  diploma 
upon  completion  of  the  course  of  study.  But  here  her  natural  woman's  curiosity 
and  her  desire  to  aid  suffering  humanity  turned  her  attention  to  medicine,  and 
she  entered  the  Medical  School  at  Loyola,  where  she  earned  the  respect  of 
every  one  by  her  untiring  work  and  completed  her  studies  with  honors.  She 


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Dzienniic  Zvaazkowy,    July  14,    1917 • 


POLUH 


received  her  aegree  of  Doctor  or  iiedicinfe  on  June  1^,  receivin^v  on  the  same 
day  the  certificate  .giving  her  the  rie;ht  to  practice  in  the  State  of  Illinois 
froiu  the  State  Examination  Board. 


During  the  rirst  years  of  her  studies  at  the  Lniversity,  Dr.  Gorecki  earned 
the  confidence  of  her  class,  v.hich  in  recognition  of  her  unusual  abilities 
elected  her  class  trear.urer.   On  June  lb,  Dr.  Gorecki  had  an  opportunity  to 
display  her  abilities  as  a  speaker  at  the  alumni  bannuet  held  at  the  Hotel 
La  Salle  in  honor  of  the  c^raduates.   It  .nust  be  adiaitted  that  her  eloauence 
aroused  the  adiairation  of  all  present. 

The  young  doctor's  ai^a  is  to  acquire  the  (^reatwst  possible  Knov;ledge  in  the 
field  of  medicine.  She  plrms  to  spend  the  next  fev.  years  e'^^ining  practical 
kncv:ledr.;e  to  support  the  theoretical  Knov.led^-e  v.hich  she  has  already  gained. 
In  order  to  achieve  her  aims,  she  has  entered  the  kichael  ikieagher  Memorial 
Hospital  in  Arkansas  and  v.ill  later  ser\e  at  the  I^ary  Thompson  Hospital. 
After  completiae:  her  hospital  vjork  Dr.  Gorecxci  plans  to  become  an  assistant 


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Dzlennik  Zwiazkov/y,  July  1^,  1917  • 


to  a  well-knovbii  surgeon. 

During  the  entire  period  of  her  apprenticeship  Dr.  Gorecki's  aim  will  be  to 
secure  .Tiore  and  laore  imowledge,  so  that  later,  v/hen  she  begins  her  independ- 
ent practice,  she  will  be  adequately  trained  to  relieve  human  suffering. 


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Dziennik  Zviiazkoi^^y,  June  30,  1917. 

^r   POLISH  PHTSIGLiN/ 

Chicago's  Polonia  can  again  boast  of  a  new  physician,  Dr.  Bernard  J.  Bolka. 
After  completing  his  course  in  medicine  and  serving  the  prescribed  interne- 
ship,  he  has  decided  to  open  his  office  in  St.  Hedwig's  Parish. 

Dr.  Bolka  was  born  in  xuichigau  City,  Inaiaaa,  ana  attended  hir'h  school  at 
the  St.  Stanislaus  Ilostlca  Academy  ^hicago7,  \\.here  he  becai.ie  imcwn  as  an 
exemplary  student.  He  participated  in  literary  and  student  activities,  and 
v?as  a  member  of  the  Academy  orchestra.  Le  coiupleted  his  medical  course  with 
honors  at  the  University  of  Illinois  Colle^^e  of  Physicians  and  Surgeons. 
Dr.  Bolka  served  fifteen  months'  interneship  at  the  St.  Mary  of  Nazareth 
Hospital,  1120  North  Leavitt  Street,  performing  his  duties  conscientiously 
and  to  the  conplete  satisfaction  of  his  superiors. 

Dr.  Bolka  v/ill  take  over  the  practice  of  Dr.  H.  H.  Slominski,  who  has  enlisted 
as  a  physician  in  the  Nav 


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the  rank  of  lieutenant.     Dr.    Bolka  will 


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Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  June  30,  1917. 

conduct  his  practice  in  the  same  office  that  has  been  occupied  by  Dr. 
Slominski,  in  the  newly  erected  building  ovnied  by  the  Szostkowski's 
at  2048  North  Robey  Street,  in  St.  Hedwig's  Parish. 

Because  he  is  a  physician  and  surgeon  of  extraordinary  merit,  and  is  a 
conscientious  and  energetic  man,  Dr.  Bolka  deserves  the  support  of  Polonia. 


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Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  June  30,  1917. 

/mK   POLISH  AKCHITECT? 

Chicago's  Polonia  can  now  boast  of  a  new  architect  in  the  person  of  Joseph 
A.  Slupkowski,  who  recently  completed  his  studies  with  honors  and  v;as  granted 
a  diploma. 

Slupkowski  was  born  in  Chicago  on  November  19,  1884,  to  Fabian  and  Mary 
Anne  Slupkowski,  fie  received  his  elementary  schooling  at  the  Holy  Trinity 
parochial  school,  ^^oing  on  to  public  schools,  after  v.hich  he  attended  the 
Art  institute,  the  Armour  Institute,  and  the  Association  Institute. 

Slupkowski  is  a  member  of  the  Chicago  Society,  group  1450,  Polish  National 
Alliance,  one  of  the  most  active  Alliance  groups,  consisting  exclusively  of 
Polish-American  youth.  He  is  also  a  member  of  the  board  of  directors  of 
the  Alliance  Building  and  Loan  Association  of  Holy  Trinity  Parish. 

Slupkowski  took  his  examination  at  the  University  of  Illinois  in  Urbana  last 


CD 


CO 


r^T 


II  A  1 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


Dzlennlk  Zwlazkowy,  June  30,  1917, 

April,  and  his  state  examination  in  May,  following  which  he  was  granted  a 
license  to  practice.  He  is  skilled  in  his  profession,  for  he  has  worked 
with  some  of  the  best  architects  for  the  last  twelve  years,  making  plans 
for  buildings  of  various  sizes  and  of  most  modern  construction* 

At  present,  Slupkowski  is  connected  with  the  Chicago,  Milwaukee,  and  St. 
Paul  Railroad  as  an  architect  and  engineer.  He  resides  with  his  parents 
at  2312  Iowa  Street,  in  St.  Helenas  Parish. 

Te   extend  our  best  v.ishes  for  the  success  of  this  young  architect  and  fellow 
Alliance  member. 


^5> 


X) 

TO 


CO 


II    tl 


-T- 


:.     1 


«*     o. 


b 


Dziermlk   ^v:ia:d:o^r^,    7eb.    20,    1917. 


rcLisii 


T       tr»iTT'^    ■• 


.!-<  ^ J\^       ^ 


m 


;^      ^  ^  .;. 


^\ 


/e  h'ive   learned   that  Dr.    ?lor»j-^n  Z!iar.iec!"i,    "rYio  car^e  frorr'     .ai*5iav7  in  1914 
and  n^ho  ha?,  been  ^*.orkin,^  u^>  to   the   rTe^.ent  "'ith  Irofe'^.r-or  Thornas   on  a  bool: 
on  the  psychology  of  the  ':oli?h    r;oi^le,   -7a.^   a^^-^ointed  Irofessor  of  the 
recentl-,^  e^^tabli^hed    Chair  of  t"e   :  oli-^h  Lan-ua'-:e  at   tlie  '^niverGity  of 
Crica;"^o.      In  addition  to  bin   lecture";  '-n   .lollnh   culture,    h$  :7ill    -^ive  a 
cycle  of  ^:0'"nilar   lectureo  o"!   '/ol-ind   and  her   ■  eo^de. 

[e  ohall  publif^h  a  ^nore  d'^'tail^d   ^r-'^^ra^   of  rr^fessor  ''!^.    _^naniecki'o   lec- 
turer  and  a  nore  detailed   nerr^onal   der,crirtion   of  the  firnt   "'ole  in   the 
VJindy  Citv  to    hold   the  chair  of   the  ^oli^h  Lan^-ua'^e  at  the  T^niversitv  of 
Chica^'^o, 


o 

CO 


'^ 


II  A  1 

III  B  2 
IV 


POLISH 


Dzlennik  Zwlazkowy,  Dec.  26,  1916 • 

YOUNG  POLISH  LAV/YSR  ADMITTED  TO  BAR 


Edmund  T.  /aeklinski,  organizer  and  president  of  Group  1823,  Polish  National 
Alliance,  has  joined  the  ranks  of  Chicago*  s  young  Polish  la/;yers.  After 
passing  the  bar  examinations  in  Springfield  successfully,  he  received  his 
license  to  practice  law. 

Young  .'/leklinski  vias  born  in  Chicago  on  November  23,  1892.  He  received  his 
early  education  in  the  public  schools,  after  which  he  attended  Tuley  High 
School.  He  attended  law  classes  at  the  Chicago  Kent  College  of  Law. 
V/leklinski  is  the  son  of  Francis  X.  .Vleklinski,  former  director  on  the  Central 
Board  of  the  Polish  National  Alliance  and  one  of  the  organization's  oldest 
members.  The  young  lawyer  lives  with  his  parents  at  1017  North  Hoyne  Avenue. 

In  spite  of  the  fact  that  the  last  examination  was  especially  difficult, 
Wleklinski,  passed  it  creditably,  receiving  one  of  the  highest  grades.  He 
will  start  practicing  immediately. 


r 


II 
III 


17 


ti. 


rCLI3TI 


B  -3 


Dzlennik  ^.^viazkovrr ,  Dec,  26,  1916. 


r.T 


rhe  voun-   lavr/er  is 


veil  knovni  avion';   our  best   clas3  of  vouth.      He  talres 


active  nart   in  nationalirtic  and  or^-anizaticnal  v/ork,    and   eniovs  the  hir-'h 

esteen  of  his  Collea::ue3   in  Ooirciune  III,   l-olish  i;ational  .alliance,   to  which 

he  is  a  delegate  from   "VrouT)  lb3o,     V.e  has   oeen  employed  for  sone  tine  by 

the  law  firr.ri  of  Kraus,   .-^Ischuler,    and  Ilolden.      Three  months  a;:o  he  returned 

from 

the  nuartoriiaster's  office. 


r;i   rexas,   v/here  he  v/as   em^oloyed  by  the  Federal   Covernr.ient  as  a  clerk   in 


-a 


It   is  to  be  hoped  that  the  youn  •   lav-r/er  vvill   enjoy  a  lar;"e   clientele  amon'-'- 
the  Ghicai-o  loles,   as  he  v-iell  deserves   it. 


if 


II  A  1 
17 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazko\vy,  Nov.  15,  1915. 
POLS  TO  R2PR3SSKT  TH3  CHICAGO  DAILY  IIE.;S  IN  2DR0PE 


Anton  Czamecki  is  to  leave  for  Europe  in  a  few  days  where  he  v/ill  act  as 
foreign  correspondent  of  the  Chicago  Daily  News, 

Mr.  Czamecki,  who  until  recently  has  been  the  election  comniissioner,  will 
become  a  member  of  the  editorial  department  of  the  Chicago  Daily  News  and 
the  Associated  Press.  His  knowledge  of  the  Polish  language  will  help  a 
great  deal  in  his  work,  because,  thou^^h  he  is  assigned  to  cover  the  war 
news  on  all  fronts,  he  has  instructions  to  give  special  attention  to  the 
occurrences  of  the  day  on  the  Polish  front.  Mr.  Czarnecki,  furnished  with 
credentials  of  a  ne\vspapennan,  is  leaving  for  Washington  to  secure  letters 
of  introduction  and  identification  issued  by  the  Department  of  State,  vifcich 
are  necessary  and  important  to  one  who  undertakes  the  very  dangerous  task 
of  traveling  in  Europe  during  the  time  of  war,  L!r.  Czarnecki  will  sail  on 
Saturday,  Nov.  27,  from  Hoboken,  N.  J.,  aboard  the  steamship  "Ryndom"  of 
the  Holland  American  Line,  sailing  for  Amsterdam. 


II 


'  II  B  2  c 
III  H 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zv/iakowy,  Jan.  27,  1915* 


TO  THE   POLIo^I  HIYoICIAI^S  IN  CHICAGO  AIJ)  VICIi^ITY 


Dear  Colleagues:  V/e  must  adinit  that  Chicago  is  second  only  to  V/arsa\v,  and 
is  nearly  on  a  j)ar  r/ith  it,  in  number  of  Polish  doctors.  Yet,  despite  the 
fact  that  our  society  has  existed  for  several  years,  and  despite  the  large 
number  of  Polish  physicians  in  Chicaf^o,  we  have  been  unable  to  organize 
adequately.  The  medical  societies  of  other  nationalities,  v/hich  have  exist- 
ed only  a  few  years,  have  organized  all  their  nhysicians,  and  great  benefit 
has  resulted  for  their  people  and  for  themselves.  Professional  and  medical 
matters  are  the  main  topics  of  our  meetings.   Je  have  introduced  a  series 
of  extensive  obligatory  readings,  and  that  innovation  is  already  shov/ing  re- 
sults. V/e  have  relaxed  the  dissertation  requirements  for  the  younger  doctors, 
who  find  it  easier  to  express  their  medical  reports  in  the  iiinglish  language. 
'Je  are  nov;  introducing  informal  gatherings  for  the  doctors  and  their  families, 
relatives,  and  friends,  ^'e  have  undertaken  lectures  in  connection  with 
hospital  clinics.   .7e  collect  contributions  and  aid  the  v;ido^^s  and  orphans  of 


^•^^^ 


•  J 

•^ 


Ol 


II  A  1 

II  B  2  C 

III  H 


-  2  - 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  Jan.  27,  1915 


POLISH 


deceased  Polish  doctors  in  our  homeland.  In  general,  we  wish  to  live  up 
to  the  high  standards  of  our  mission  and  be  worthy  representatives  of  our 
profession.  We  therefore  invite  all  our  colleagues  to  join  a  co-operative 
work.  We  request  all  those  who  for  some  reason  have  kept  at  a  distance 
from  our  society  to  enroll  as  active  members.  The  monthly  meeting  will  be 
held  on  January  28,  1915,  at  9:00  P.  M. ,  at  the  La  Salle  Hotel,  Room  104. 

Topic  for  the  evening:  Caesarian  operation — lecturer,  Dr.  W.  Kuflewski. 
Drs.  Gieraltowski  and  T.  Z.  Xelov/ski  will  participate  in  the  discussion. 


Dr.  W.  Kuflewski,  President 
Dr.  A.  Pietrzykowski,  Secretary 


II  A  1 


POLISH 


Dziennlk  Zwiazkovvy,  Jan.  26,  1915. 
DR.  SZWAJKART,  A  POLE  APPOINTED  COUNTY  PHYSICIAN 

Dr.  Adam  Szwajkart,  a  member  of  the  Polish  National  Alliance  and  a  former 
president  of  the  library  and  muzeum  board  of  that  organization,  is  to  be 
appointed  Cook  County  physician,  replacing  Dr.  Davis,  who  now  serves  in 
that  capacity. 


Dr.  Szwajkart  is  known  to  all  Chicago  Poles  for  his  success  in  the  medical 
profession.  He  has  been  a  physician  for  the  last  eighteen  years  and  has  been 
a  member  of  the  State  health  department.  In  the  Medical  Association  Dr. 
Szwajkart  enjoys  merited  confidence  as  a  man  of  high  honor  and  unblemished 
reputation^ 


The  Polish  newspaper  Dziennik  Zwiazkowy  is  sincerely  pleased  with  the  turn 
of  events  in  the  rriatter  of  this  appointment  which  has  been  held  in  abeyance 
for  a  considerable  length  of  time.   It  congratulates  the  newly  appointed 
physician,  wishing  him  success  in  this  new  position,  in  which  he  brings  honor 
to  the  Poles. 


WBWMiitfMF*^^ 


II  -i  1 
II  D  1 
II  B  3 
IV 


Daiennlk  -I-.Tiazkovr',   ^ept,   2S,   1Q1:3, 


-^-  i 


'CLisi: 


I>arinn:  the   last  session  and   exardnations   oT  attorneys,   \jrAch  are  held   in 
Springfield,    Illinois,    every  t'vo     ontlis  by  the  State   Jxa::iination  Coymiiittee, 
sixty  Chica^oans  tool:  the  lavryer's   exaiiination.      Of  these  Chica^oans  three 
were  of  Polish  descent, 

.--11  three  or  t::e.-3  ne  •  ..  olish  la'.T^ers   are  ii-?:  .bers   of*  th::  Polish  National 
-'•alliance,    o.nd  they  ar:   very  active   in  the   life  of  this   or"^ani'::ation. 


F.    -\    C-arbareh,    John  S,   r'ybic-ii,    and   ^lOn-in  Telix   ./elzant  ar  -  the  three   fo:^ 
tunate  yoiinc  ^-^  "to  b3Co:.:s   attorneys. 

1.J7.   F.   Garbareh  is  a  secritarv  of  f-rou-^  1.j40  of  the  Vv'ell-hnovni  Polish. 
National  --llia-^.ce  Pociet  '. 


a 


:.!r.   Ponan   ..'elaant    is  a  neiaber  of  the  Polish  Patio  lal  ..lliance,   DeyartLient 


II  A  1 
II  D  1 
II  B  3 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  Sept.  28,  1912. 

of  i:Iducation,  and  v/orks  very  ardently  for  this  v;ell-knov,Ti  organization^ 

Special  attention  must  be  given  L!r.  John  3,  Rybicki,  v;ho  is  a  well-knovm 
member  of  the  Polish  Falcons,  vice-president  of  the  Polish  Falcons  of 
Merica,  and  also  a  member  of  the  Polish  National  alliance,  Department  of 
Education. 

Hr.  John  S.  Rybicki,  in  spite  of  his  youth,  has  already  made  a  name  for 
himself  in  society  by  his  continuous  and  strenuous  v/ork  for  the  ^oo^i  of 
his  nationality. 

!vj7.  John  S.  Rybicki,  v;ill  open  his  law  office  at  16th  Street  and  Ashland 
Avenue,  in  the  vicinity  of  Saint  .Idalbert^s  Church,  in  the  neif;hborhood 
where  he  was  born  and  reared. 


II 

IV 


ii 


POLISH 


Dziennir:  Zwiazkovr/,  !:ov.  27,  1911 


A  FOIE  13  3ICI  rOT.D 


Dr.  Sterihen  B,  Pietrowicz,  physician,  v/ho  is  well  known  in  both  Polish  and 
American  circles  in  Chicar;o,  has  be^^n  very  hirhlj   honored •  He  has  been  ap- 
pointed superintendent  of  the  insane  asylum  at  Dunninp,  a  post  for  which  he 
was  nominated  by  Peter  Bartzen,  president  of  the  County  Board. 


Dr.  Pietrowicz  was  the  director  of  the  Virgin  Kary  of  Nazareth  Hospital.  Be- 
sides this,  he  was  on  the  staff  of  the  Cak  Forest  Infirmary  where  his  v/ork 
received  recop:nition.  He  is  a  specialist  in  nervous  disorders  and  psychiatry 
and  is  considered  a  frood  administrator. 


L^ 


The  Chicago  l^edical  Society,  tof^ether  with  Doctors  A.  C.  Cotton  and  'Villiam 
L,  IToble,  endorsed  the  candidacy  of  Dr.  Pietrowicz  for  the  post  which  he  has 
received.  The  County  Board  is  confident  that  Dr.  Pietrowicz  will  manage  the 
institution  at  Dunning  as  it  should  be  managed. 

V  y 


II  A  1 
IV 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  IIov,  27,  1911 


Dr.  Pietrov/icz  is  still  a  youn^^  man.  Now  only  38  years  old,  he  was  born  in 
Poznan  and  came  to  /inerica  at  the  ar::e  of  ten.   He  has  been  practicing  medi- 
cine for  fourteen  years.  He  is  a  member  of  the  best  clubs  in  the  city. 
Though  he  has  taken  no  active  part  in  politics,  he  is  a  "Republican  in  his 
political  sympathies. 


-I'-U^ .  I   j^' '- 


^■\ 


'  7.  mi  o 


II 


r  '7 


POLISH 


IV 


Dzionnik  >ji-.zkoTr/,  Oct.  19,  1910. 

log:x  ir:  :3 

Dr.  Oasiriier  .InrMV/ski,  '.;ell-laiov.ii  Foliah  phyGician  and  chief  nedical  examiner 
for  the  Polish  national  Jdliance,  \jho   until  the  present  h?is  been  acting  as 
associate  professor  at  the  state  university,  xvas  elevated  recently  to  the 
position  of  full  professor  at  Loyola  University,  a  Catholic  school  in  Chi- 
caco.  .^   department  of  medicine  vjas  introduced  recently  at  this  educational 
institution  and  Dr.  Jiurav;sl:i  was  offered  the  chair  of  dcrmatolo;:^. 


x_ 


POLISH 


II  A  1 

I  A  1  a 

•  II  B  2  c 


Dziennik  ZwlazkoiTy^  June  23,  1908. 

« 

POLISH  LAWYERS*  ASSOCIATION 


V 

'•'O 


:>  . 


Our  Polish  lawyers  have  decided  to  form  an  organization  which  is  intended  to  end 

many  of  the  existing  feuds,  encountered  in  the  practice  of  law.  This  organization 

is  to  be  allied  with  Orzel  Bialy,  and  will  be  the  first  alliance  of  Polish  professional 
men's  associations. 

It  is  anticipated  that  other  Polish  professional  organizations,  such  as  the  Physicians 
and  Pharmacists,  will  eventually  consolidate  with  this  same  alliance.  This  is  a 
splendid  project  and  is  expected  to  become  a  grand  reality* 

There  are  now  twenty-six  Polish  lawyers  in  Chicago,  and  over  twenty  Polish  students 
of  law  in  the  different  local  schools  and  \iniversities.  Some  of  these  have  already 
received  their  degrees  in  law  and  are  waiting  only  for  State  examinations. 


POLISH 


II  A  1 
II  B  2  c 

I  F  1 

IV 


Dziennik  ZwiazkoTvy,  June  23,  1908, 


FROM  THE  POLISH  MEDICAL  SOCIETY 


(News  Item) 


At  the  last  meeting  of  the  Polish  Medical  Society,  a  resolution  was  unanimously 
passed  to  participate  in  national  politics  and  to  give  active  support  to  those 
members  of  the  Polish  Medical  Society  who  aspire  (to  be  elected)  to  certain  State 
offices* 

It  was  recommended  that  only  members  of  the  Polish  Medical  Society  be  selected  and 
appointed  examining  physicians  for  the  local  groups  and  societies.   In  the  second 
part  of  this  educational  meeting.  Dr.  K.  Zurawskl,  professor  at  the  University  of 
Chicago  lectured  on  positive  methods  of  diagnosis  and  identification  of  syphilis, 
even  when  the  disease  does  not  show  external  symptoms.   The  diagnosis  of  syphilis 
is  very  important,  because  syphilis  is  not  only  contagious,  but  also  hereditary* 
The. sins  of  the  father  are  visited  upon  the  children  of  infected  parents,  who  must 
suffer  the  so  -  called  scrofulous  diseases. 

The  test,  submitted  by  Dr.  Zurawski,  is  based  on  the  principle  of  immunization, 
namely,  that  of  developing  such  physical  condition  which  will  enable  the  body  to 
resist  the  disease.   The  test  was  begun  twenty  years  ago,  with  the  bacteriological 
theory  of  Koch,  and  was  followed  by  the  phagocytic  theory  of  Miecznikod,  and  tested 
by  the  theory  of  Ehrlich.   Today,  many  diseases  can  be  treated  with  preventive  serums* 

Dr.  Zurawski  demonstrated  two  serum  tests,  based  on  cases  of  his  own  practice. 


■ "  3"  i"^'^'-'  -^'^L*-"  'm—r:-m>'^n.-m 


mm-matmtmmmm^ 


POLISH 


II  A  1 

IV 

II  T3  2   C 


Dziennik  Zwlazkoivy.   May  25,   1908. 
POLISH  DEITIST'S  ASSOCIATION  IN  CHICAGO 


/ 


Recently,  Polish  dentists  have  formed  the  Polish  Dentist's  Association,  for  the 
purpose  of  more  effectively  cultivating  the  science  of  dentistry. 

The  newly  formed  association  received  from  the  Secretary  of  State  the  Certificate 

of  Incorporation,  in  which  the  following  appear  as  incorporators:   Dr.  K.  B.  Zielinski, 

Dr.  W,  Z,  Eybstadt,  and  Dr.  W.  A.  Gomy. 

The  Poles  are  proving  anew  that  they  are  capable,  and  can  form  their  own  professional 
societies  which  will  enable  them  to  work  profitably  and  independent  of  other  national- 
ities, in  mutual  cooperation,  for  the  benefit  of  the  numerous  Polish  residents  in 
Chicago.  We  have  not  as  yet  formed  a  Polish  Editors  and  Literary  Association. 


mtm^'mmm^\  'I  w  n  ■  \^m      I    ■■  imi^i 


'^••••"•■■"""^•'■•■«f"»»">i^p^^*"'i|PIBi< 


•«u> 


-•:■...     ■■  ■    ■  i   ■  V  .  *%■ 


k 


II  A  1 
IV 


POLISH  Vo 


Pgiannik  Chtoayo«lct.  Vol,  XV.   No.   118,  Hay  19.   1904. 

TRIUMPHANT  POLISH  LAWYERS 

Appearing  before  hie  honor  Judge  Charled  Neileyt  IIr«  Koralewsklt   a 
Polish  lawyer,  won  the  ease  for  his  ollentf  Mr*  Botliszewskit   against 
the  Union  Traotlon  Company* 

Mr.  Koralevrskl  was  opposed  by  three  of  the  best  lawyers  in  the  city, 
representing  the  Traction  Qontpflinyf   but  he  fought  so  strongly  against 
their  made  up   stories  that  the  case  was  transferred  twice*   Besides 
appearing  before  Judge  Neiley,   they  appeared  before  Judge  Bailey 
and  Judge  WilliemSt   but   it  always  ended  the  same  way,    a  victory  for 
Ifr.  Koralewski« 

The  trial  has  been  going  on  since  Monday;  the   story  which  lead  to  the 
trial  is  as  follows: 

In  December  of  1899,   Mr*  Botllszewski,  working  near  the  N»  M*   P. 
AnielskieJ  Church,    boarded' a  North  Avenue  street   car  at  Clark  Street, 


■I 


^i^'-A.*.<att,j£i^,!.^-iLkA.'^::^.-^Li.li^:t&  'JL./v-<«^;:..^jii|^'^iL,'.''j'^;l>.y/:^r  >;  Ci^; 


-rrta 


^ 


•'"^ 


i 


4 

V 
f 


-   2   - 


POLISH V7>  ^' 


Dtlannlk  Chioagoskln   Vol*  X7t    No*   118.   May  19,   1904* 

bound  for  home*  At  the  oorner  of  Sedgirick  and  North  Avenu6«   the  street 
oar  oollldod  with  a  wagont  whloh  caused  Mr*  Botlissewski  to  strike  his 
head  against  a  window.   At  first  it  oaused  a  dizziness  and  he  did  not 
think  it  was  bad  enough  to  cause  any  serious  results*  In  the  evening  he 
felt  dizzy,   had  a  high  fevert    and  a  continual  weak  sensation  in  the 
legs  and  stomach* 

He  summoned  a  doctor  who  confined  him  to  bed  for  a  few  weeks;   and  from 
this  he  ¥ra8  never  in  normal  health,    because  his  nerves  were   shattered* 

Be  turned  his  case  over  to  a  Polish  lawyer,  Mr*  Koralewski,  who  in  turn 
brought  suit  against  the  Street  Car  Company*  . 

The  first  day  of  trial,    one  of  the  company's  lawyers  asked  Mr*  Kora- 
lewski if  he  intended  to  win  this  trial,   if  he  had  any  Assistants;   to 
this  the  Polish  lawyer  replied,    "I  have  great  hopes  that  the  company's 
lawyers  will  be  of  the  greatest  assistance  and  help  to  me*" 


:MSli5»-jL.>.t'j'ii 


i;■^«i!/■■'..^:.•'i^^  -.•'•J ;« 


^m^'*^  1  - .     :    .  !■ 


.jT:-   •'./   i*."' 


-i?.' 


-i 


;     1 


it 


i  ■"T-''.^" 


^ 


*•■''■-•  nv-i-     >•*'/■■     •:-  . 


cifrr- 


-r-T- — ~Tr 


"  »..'^  , 


:    •<        SI 


-  3  - 


POLISH 


Dzlannlk  Chloagoskl^  Vol#  XV,  No*  118|  May  19,  1904« 

After  one  hour  of  cross  examination  and  answering  foolish  questions 
for  the  company* a  three  lawyerst  Ur«  Soralewski  told  his  story  in  his 
oim  wordSf  and  then  cross  examined  the  opposing  three  lavryers  and  his 
client  llr«  Botllszewskit 

After  three  hours  in  the  Jury  ro<Mttf  the  jury  returned  a  verdict  in 
favor  of  lir*  Koralewskl  and  his  client  was  awarded  |5,000  damages* 

This  was  the  first  time  a  Polish  lawyer  unassisted«  won  a  grand  Jury 
case  against  the  more  prominent  lawyers  of  the  Union  Traction  Company* 


V 


r' 


■\  - 


^  -  ,:Ks:^^;i^^j^^^^^-::JL 


'til 


II  A  1 

I  A  1  a 

IV 


POLISH 


Dztennlk  Chicagoskl,  Vol.  XIV,  No.  118,  May  20,  1903 

POLES  IN  CHICAGO 


NEW  POLISH  PHYSICIANS 

The  "College  of  Physicians  and  Surgeions"  in  Chicago,  affiliated  with  the  University 
of  Illinois,  is  known  honorably  as  one  of  the  best  medical  schools  in  the  United 
States  of  America.   They  are  arranging  a  festive  ending  of  the  school  term  with  the 
distribution  of  diplomas  Tuesday,  June  26,  at  200  p.m., in  the  Studebaker  Hall. 


In  this  years  graduating  class  you  will  find  among  others,  Poles:  Adam  S^wajkart, 
John  J.  Gotembiowski,  Emanuel  P.  Napieralski  and  Tad.  Xelowski. 

So  to  these  new  Polish  doctors  we  extend  omt   heartiest  wishes. 


II  A  1 

IV: 


POUSH 


Zgoda.  Vol«  XXt   No.  8t   F6b.  2lt   1901# 
PROFESSOR  KaPISrSKIJS  CUHIC 


W^iilL..)P80j.  30/76 


As  is  knonn  Dr*  W»  Kdflewski  reoeived  the  noaination  as  a  dootor  on  the 
County  Hospital  staff •  He  is  the  first  Polish  dootor  to  reoeive  this 
position  despite  the  faot  that  many  well  knomi  dootors  of  Chioago  were 
seeking  this  position* 

Dr«  Euflewski  will  oontinae  his  work  at  the  Surgioal  Clinio  adjoining 
the  Chicago  Clinioal  Sohool  at  819  W«  Harrison  Streett  aoross  the  street 
from  the  County  Hospital*  where  he  aids  the  sick  6Uid  needy  free  of 
oharge  every  Wednesday  and  Friday  from  9  A«  M*  to  11  A«  M* 

Dr*  Ettflewski  is  strongly  in  faror  of  giving  surgioal  emd  medioal  aid 
to  all  classes  and  races  of  people*  relieve  their  suffering  ones  and 
promote  the  happiness  and  health  of  the  people • 


I 


II  A  1 

II  D  3 


POLISH 


Dziennlk  Chicagoski,  Nov.  17,  1897 


POLISH  DOCTOR  OPENS  OFFICE 


Dr#  J.  Kaszynski  has  started  practice  at  151  Blackhawk  Street.  Medical  care  is  ^ 
free  to  the  poor  daily  between  3  and  4  P.M.  F 

Dr.  Kaszynski  specializes  in  chronic  ailments  and  is  noted  as  a  child  specialist.  5 

C5 


Patronage   should  be   extended  to  our  compatriot. 


CO 

O 
ro 

cr 


II  A  1 
II  A  3  b 


POLISH 


Dzlennlk  Chlcagofiibl,  Aug.  12,  1BS7, 


MCJSIC  IN  THE  PARKS 


Our  compatriot  Z.l.   Nonak  is  director  of  an  American  orchestra  that  is  now 
offering  concerts  erery  Thursday  evening  at  Douglas  Park  and  every  Sunday 
afternoon  at  Humboldt  Park.  We  all  should  attend* 


II  A  1 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Chlcaroski,   July  24,   1897 


mr:!  pclish  dcctcr  ik  Chicago 


ITev/s  has  reached  our  office  that  a  nev;  Polish  doctor  has  come  to  Chicago  to 
establish  hiir-self  permanently  in  his  profession.     Kis  name  is  Doctor  T.  Y. 
Lav/czynslci. 


According  to  '.iarus    (Veteran)  ,   the  doctor  lias  suffered  a  nunber  of  reverses 


tir^e  and  artain.     A  sui-uriarrr 


■o 


of 


the  article   is  r.iven  belov;. 


-X3 


Dr.  T.  La.vczynslci  is  32  years  of  ar.e.  /wfter  completing  his  college  education 
in  '7arsa.Y;  he  entered  the  military  medical  academy  in  Saint  Petersburg,  where 
he  spent  three  years,  later  receiving  an  appointm.ent  as  military  doctor.  Dur- 
ing his  travals  he  had  an  opportunity  to  hear  lectures  by  the  famous  German 
pathologist,  Dr.  Rudolph  Virchov;,  in  Berlin,  and  Louis  Pasteur,  in  Paris. 
During  1892  and  1893,  Dr.  Lav:cz\TiSr:i  v;as  a  member  of  the  medical  staff  of  the 
Stanley  Ilxpedition,  v/ith  ;vhich  he  spent  soi.ie  time  in  the  />i*rican  Congo,  fie 
is  fa:^:iliar  vjith  the  French,  Polish,  Russian,  Germian,  and  Spanish  languages. 
His  travels  have  taken  him  half  across  the  globe 


o 


o 


^-y 


*■) 


''!V.Vd\   u:..10G,^j},l,    July   L'ij    l:>^/# 

ne  cuoo  to  the  Uuitocl  .'Ttatoj  ii,'OLi  wut>u«     /U'tox'  ;;ructiclnc  tliroe  i^ioaths  ija 
I-'illauolpliia^  lio  ./uo  QTjpoiiitou  inttruotor  of  anatc3r»y  at  thr.  Inlveraity  of 
^OiV.ijylVraiiu^  uTkloi*  I^«  ioi*U;r«     uiiKja  Dr*  i^itor  i^  it  for  kiiv^auket?!  ^r« 
l»n;;C2s7nii':l  lo^t  hia  ;>c-ution#     Vju  Lhuu  triad  .Ms  luce  in  ^Hini\jix<f  iuxd  5tevons 
1*rAnZf    .'iiiooiiiiini   wut  noiiijiu:'  ^^i-^^*^*^  ^'^^  ^^  ^i^  ;L'uiuoriai  b  iioiltjlv^-j  iiiti 
patloate  aid  riOt  pay  ..iTi*     Ijccauao  of  ..Ib  t^unorcuo  heart ,  iio  bucui:o  ii::55cvorish«» 
ed,  CiQ'jjlto  tiiO  fact  tl-at  Iilo  natloijua  ov/od  air;  aovurtil  liuadracl  uollui-u.     In 
tJ:A<3  oad  !ic  f  ouTid  aholtcr  at  tho  Jitifcox-a  of  i^ll^ialxith  Coavout  in  ...du'utcnyoo^ 
/iftisr  aavlr^:  a  frn.  dollai-£i,  iio  decide  J  to  try  his  forttinc  in  Gl;ica<::o# 

At  pro3orit  Dr.  Lav/cs;yriski  is  looiiiv:;  fur  q  suitable  location  to  open  an  office* 
!3ie  local  Polloh  doctoi:-;i  viill  undoubtedly  clvo  tlicir  comjxitriot  u  helpint:  hand 
and  eaoe  the  burden  of  tJio  first  feu  tryinc  months • 


:3D 


II  A  1 
I  K 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Chicagoski,  liar,  1,  1897 • 


DR.  KRUEGER  TO  SERVE  m  POLI^  HOSPITAL 

Beginning  tomorrow  Dr.  Krueger,  who  recently  returned  from  Europe  where  she 
completed  her  medical  studies  and  postgraduate  work  on  children's  and  women's 
diseases,  will  serve  in  the  clinic  of  the  Polish  Hospitals  Dr#  Krueger 's 
office  will  be  open  for  consultations  every  Tuesday  and  Friday  from  1  to  2  P* 


This  Polish  woman  doctor  practiced  in  the  leading  hospital  at  Geneva,  Switzer- 
land, before  coming  to  the  United  States, 


CD 


CD 
art 


II  A  1 

I  K 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Chicagoski,  Feb.  19,  1897. 


POLISH  V/OLIAl^  BECOIES  DOCTOR 


llTs.   Anna  L.  L«  Krygier,  nee  Lipnov/ska,  who  v;a3  corn  in  Poland,  and  v;ho  re- 
cently married  the  well-known  Leopold  Kry^^ier,  has  just  received  a  diploma 
in  medicine  and  surgery  fron  Geneva  University.  A  license  to  practice  in  the 
state  of  Illinois  was  issued  to  her  today  from  Springfield. 


Dr.  Krygier  was  first  assistant  at  the  city  clinic  in  Geneva.  She   also  spent 
three  years  as  an  interne  in  the  famed  IJaternity  Hospital  in  that  city.  She 
specializes  in  Obstetrics,  and  children's  and  women's  diseases. 

She  has  opened  an  office  at  172  Throop  Street,  betv;een  Harrison  and  Congress 
Streets.  Patients  will  be  received  froiii  10  to  12  A.::  and  from  5  to  6  P.M. 
Consultations  will  be  free  of  charge  to  the  poor. 


-■o 


> 

> 

i 


Letters  of  congratulations  and  good  v;ishes  were  received  by  her  from  persons 
abroad  as  well  as  from  persons  in  this  country,  itiay  she  succeed  in  this  pro- 
fession. 


II  A  1 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Chicagoskl^  June  12,  1896, 


K3-//S  ITEM 

The  young  Polish  dentist,  Dr»  J*  A.  Chrzanowski,  has  opened  an  office  on 
Milwaukee  Avenue,  above  the  Chicago  Tailors*  Dr.  Chrzanowski  received  his 
diploma  a  couple  of  years  ago  at  a  New  York  university,  practicing  thereafter 
in  first-class  dental  parlors  in  New  York  and  Chicago*  We  call  your  attention 
to  his  advertisement  in  our  paper* 


CO 


■^T" 


II  A  1 

II  A  1  (Bohemian) 


POLISH 


Dzienni^c  Ghicagoski,  ¥ay   ^8,  1896 


NE^.7  DOCTORS 


At  the  graduation  exercises  of  niish  i,.edical  College  at  the  Central  irusic 
Hall  yesterday  ai*temoon,  degrees  v/ere  presented  to  227  new  doctors.  Of 
the  227  graduates,  six  h:ive  Polish  and  Bohemian  names,  namely:  E.  H. 
Czolba,  V/.  J.  Dv/orak,  x^.   :j>.   Kenaga,  .c.  J.  z^ycinski,  3.  Twarowski,  and 
'jUj.   I*.:.  V/amiczek. 


o 


CO 


^sr 


II 


POLISH 


IV 


Dziennitc  Chir^agoski,  May  <B5,  1896  • 


NiS/i'  POLISH  LAV/YERS 


Last  weak  tne  GhiCiiGO  Co.llege  of  Law  (Lake  Forest  University)  coDf erred 
lawyers*  degrees  on  two  young  Poles — Frank  P.  Danisch,  ?53  Van  Horn  Street, 
and  Joseph  J.  Nov/akowski.  The  latter  is  a  nephev;  of  Clemens  Bielinski, 
president  of  the  Polisn  Roiaan  Catholic  Union  under  the  protection  of  the 
Sacred  Heart  of  Jesus*  Nowakowski  was  taken  cere  of  since  c.iildnood  by 
Mr*  Bielinski,  whose  name  he  has  officially  adopted. 


The  two  will  open  a  law  office  under  the  title  Belinski  and  Belinski  at 
186-188  West  Madison  Street.  Residence  address  is  689  West  Seventeenth 
Street.  Mr.  Belins^ci  and  llr.  Danisch  are  well  known  in  Saint  Hedwig  and 
Saint  Adalbert  parishes* 


CO 
CD 


cr 


mp 


'UTT' 


II  A  1 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Ghicagoski,   ^^ay  22,   1896, 


IIS-VS   ITSIL 

The  Central  Administration  of  the  Polish  National  idliance  has  elected 
Dr.   W.   Kuf lev/ski  chief  medical  exaininer  of  the  Alliance.      Dr.   i^nflevjski 
has  an  office  in  ujc.  iy.   ijudiwiev/icz^s  drugstore  on  x^lv/aukee  avenue. 


no 
CD 


CO 

— i 


II  A  1 


POLISH 


Dziennilv  GhicacQsl^ii   liar.   20,    1896. 
/yjiRTHSi  IJJZrIIi.  'lUlO'^TTES  DOCTOR'S  DiXJIK^T' 


Ivliss  Ivlartha  i.uznik  has  received  a  decree  of  Doctor  of  Liediciiie  froia  the  national 
liedical  College  in  Chicago, 


p^ 


II  A  1 


POLISH 


Dziennlk  Chicagoski,   Dec.   7,   1895. 

i:^!^  POLISH  LM  FHa?  OPSInTSD 

(Advertisement) 

V/e  wish  to  inform  our  esteemed  public  that  we  have  organized  and  opened  a  new 
law  firm  under  the  name  d^  Beilm-^n,  Czarnecki,  and  Koralewski. 

Having  long  been  convinced  that  there  is  a  need  for  a  Polish  law  firm  that  will 
serve  the  interests  of  the  Poles,  the  undersigned  heve  undertaken  to  establish 
a  firm  of  this  kind,  patterned  after  the  best  American  law  firms  which  have 
built  up  a  clientele  through  their  business  reputations*  Under  these  principles 
we  wish  to  serve  our  esteemed  public. 


Realizing  that  there  is  no  Polish  law  firm  in  exister.ce  and  being  convinced 
that  a  group  of  lawyers  can  better  serve  the  interests  of  the  public,  we  antici- 
pate that  the  public  will  seek  our  counsel >  the  counsel  of  a  group  and  not  of 
an  individual* 


i^^mm^^m 


X       II  A  1 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Chicagoski,  Dec.  7,  1895 • 

We  invite  the  este®ned  public  to  support  our  new  business  enterprise,  and  we 
promise  to  do  our  utmost  to  serve  their  interests. 

John  J.  Bielnan, 
C.  B.  Czarnecki, 
F.  N.  Koralewski. 


Offices  are  loceted  at  Room  501,  153-155  LaSalle  Street,  and  at  604  Milwaukee 
Avenue* 


II  A  1 
IV 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Chicaposki,  Kar.  4,  1895. 


LOC.hL  POLISH  AC^VTITI^ 


F.  P.  Danisch  has  recently  opened  a  notary  public  office  at  733  Van  Horn 
Street,  in  St.  Adalbert  Parish. 

Two  young  Polish  attorneys,  M.  Drzemala  and  John  F.  Smulski,  have  formed  a 
partnership,  and  have  opened  offices  in  zhe   Metropolitan  Block,  Randolph  and 
La  Salle  Streets. 


5> 


en 


II ..  1 

I  i: 


Dziennil:  Cliica-.oski,   Feb.  15,   189b. 


poLiGii  DGcrc:;!  giy::!:  cut  post 


POLISH 


Dr.   '3-arrot,    chief  nodical   inspector  of  Chicano,   h-is  assiraod  Dr.   0,   Czernievr 
ski,    699  IToble  Street,   to  his   staff.      Dr.    Czorniev/slci  v:ill  ^ive  free 
inoculations  arainst   sniall-pox  daily  from  7  ?•  U.   to  9  P.  LI.,   and  from 
f3  P.  IvI.    to  5  P.  LI.    on  Sundays. 

All  Poles   should   take  advantaf/,e   of  this  free  medical   service. 


K.. 


V. . 


II  A  1 
II  D  3 
I  M 


POLISH 


Dziermlk  Chicagoski,  Jan.  22,  1895. 

DR.  iiAC::ORO;VSKI  Ai-r-OLiTICD  r.5P2CT0R 
OF   lIErtLTH  OF   SOUTH  CHICAGO 

Dr.  /"?7  Kiaczorowski  has  been  appointed  Health  Inspector  of  South  Chicago  by 
the  IJayor  of  Cliicago, 

Free  small-pox  vaccination  will  be  given  daily  between  8  A.  IJ.  and  9  A.  M* , 
between  7  P.  M.  and  9  P.  LI.  at  Dr.  Kaczorowski»s  residence,  8361  Superior 
Avenue,  comer  84th  Street, 

Ftohi  10  A.  M.  tc  12   nocn,  and  fron  5  P.  M.  to  7  P.  M. ,  vaccinations  will  be 
given  at  the  Polish  Lledical  Center,  8816  Coniiiiercial  Avenue* 

All  Polish  residents  or  the  South  Chicago  area  ought  to  take  advantage  of  this 
free  medical  service.  By  being  vaccinated  against  smallpox  one  not  only 
protects  himself  but  his  fiaaily   from  unforeseen  danj.ers. 


CO 

en 


v^ 


II  A  1 
IV 


POLISH 


Dziennlk  Chicagoski.  Jan.  £4,  1894. 
POLISH  Hir3IGIAl>f  DIES 

« 

Dr.  Casimir  Rewkowski,  a  distinguislied  and  well-known  Polish  physician  in 
Chicago,  died  last  night  at  ten  o'clock.  While  sitting  on  a  chair,  in  the 
course  of  a  professional  call  at  253  V/est  North  Avenue,  he  suddenly  collapsed 
and  died,  probably  from  a  heart  attack.  His  body  was  taken  to  an  undertedcer*  s 
establishment,  and  today  a  coroner's  jury  will  decide  what  was  the  cause  of  his 
sudden  death. 


Ti 


Hie  late  Dr.  Casimir  Rewkowski  was  about  fifty  years  old  and  came  from  Lithuania. 
After  first  serving  in  the  Russian  aiiiiy,  he  finished  his  medical  training  at 
Saint  Petersburg  University,  serving  later  as  array  physician  during  the  Russo- 
Turkish  War  of  1877-1878.  Later  on  he  served  as  coimty  physician  in  Bilgoraj, 
Russia.  He  came  to  i\merica  nine  years  ago  and  settled  in  Chicago.  The  deceased 
was  not  married,  and  his  only  relatives  are  a  brother  and  a  sister  in  Europe. 


Doctor  Rewkowski,  who  was  well-to-do,  made  his  money  in  America.  Although  he. 


II  A  1 
IV 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


Dziennlk  Chlcagosklt  Jan.  24,  1894. 


had  only  eighty  dollars  in  cash  when  he  died,  it  is  said  that  his  savings, 
invested  in  real-estate  mortgages,  properties,  and  shares,  amount  to  more  than 
ten  thousand  dollars.  He  was  planning  to  leave  America  for  Europe. 

Ilie  late  Dr.  Casimir  Rewkowski  was  a  member  of  the  Polish  National  Alliance 
group  Harmonia  and  a  member  of  the  Catholic  Order  of  Foresters,  Saint  Stanislaus 
Council.  He  was  always  willing  to  help  his  friends.  His  sudden  death  was 
keenly  felt  by  his  patients  and  friends. 


»-^*iM^Miiii  ni  w  i»  ^l■l^llar 


-.-<u■f.- j:*^.--  ^=trr. 


II  A  1 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Chicagoslci .  July  1,  1891. 

POLES  AT  JESUITS  0011Z(}2 

We  received  the  official  report  of  Jesuits  College  for  the  year  of  1890-91, 
from,  which  we  are  quoting  the  following,  and  correcting  the  last  particu- 
lars, which  appeared  in  our  journal  concerning  Polish  students  attending 
that  institution. 

The  following  fraternities  established  at  that  college  and  supervised  by 
its  professors  have  Poles  among  its  offices: 

The  Ghrysostamian  Debating  Society 

The  purpose  of  this  association  is  to  study  literature  and  elocution.  In 
that  fraternity,  the  second  censor  of  the  second  year  is  John  G.  Bednarek. 

The  Students*  Library  Association 

This  library  was  founded  to  promote  good  literature.  Already,  it  has  two 


O 


■>»,^. 


N 


II  A  1 


-  2  - 


Dziennik  Chicagoskl,  July  1,  1891 


POLISH 


\z  V;. , 


thousand  volumes.  One  of  the  censors  of  that  association  is  John  G.  Bednarek. 

The  Athletic  and  Game  Room  Association  has  John  G,  Bednarek 'as  its  censor 
also. 


Last  year,  the  college  gave  a  few  theatrical  plays,  and  some  of  the  actors 
were  Polish  students.  On  February  5,  1890,  a  play  depicting  a  historical 
tragedy  entitled  "The  Black  Knight"  was  given  by  that  institution  which 
was  staged  at  the  Grand  Opera  House.  In  that  production,  John  G.  Bednarek 
played  a  very  important  role. 

On  November  24,  1890,  "the  first  Academic"  of  that  school  staged  a  produc- 
tion entitled  "A  Trip  to  Greece  with  Nepos  as  Our  Guide."  The  invitation 
was  recited  by  John  Jendrzejak. 

On  November  28,  1890,  a  production  "The  Greeks  Visit  the  Romans,  A.D.  170," 
at  which  J.  3.  Schultz  played  a  piano  solo  and  piano  duet  with  another 
pianist. 


II  A  1 


-  3  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Ghicagoski,  July  1,  1891. 


The  following  Poles  attended  this  college: 


^./' 


r  f 


Bednarek,  John  G. 
Cholewinski,  Stan,  P. 
Jendrzejewski ,  John  Gr. 
Klosowski,  Edward  A. 
Kovralewski,  Edward  A. 
Nawrocki,  Anthony  S. 
Politowski,  August  A. 
Schultz,  Stephen  J. 
Szulerski,  Albert  G. 
Zalewski,  Ambrose  LI. 


Subject 


Poetry 
Preparatory 
First  Academic 
Third  Academic 
Third  Academic 
Third  Academic 
Third  Academic 
Second  Academic 
Third  Academic 
Third  Academic 


The  following  awards  were  presented  to  the  Polish  students  at  the  end  of 
the  school  year:  John  Gr.  Bednarek  received  a  gold  v/atch  as  the  first 
award  for  the  best  Latin  composition.  John  G.  Jendrzejek,  was  especially 
distinguished  for  the  best  marks  in  Latin  (in  all  courses)  as  the  first 
after  the  one  who  was  awarded  with  a  gold  v/atch.  The  same  John  G. 
Jendrzejek  was  also  distinguished  for  the  best  marks  in  mathematics. 


II  A  1 


-  4  - 


POLISH 


\ 


.'..\    .;•. 


Dziennik  Ghicagoski,  July  1,  1891. 


The  following  Polish  students  received  book  awards:  John  G.  Bednarek, 
second  av/ard  for  Latin,  Greek,  and  mathematics;  he  also  received  honorable 
mention  for  history  and  chemistry. 

Stephen  J.  Schultz,  honorable  mention  for  Greek,  and  a  first  award  for  pen- 
manship. 

August  A.  Politowski  received  honorable  mention  for  religion  and  Latin, 
second  av;ard  for  English,  history,  geography,  and  orthography,  and  first 
award  for  arithmetic  and  penmanship. 

Anthony  S.  Nawrocki,  first  av;ard  for  Latin,  and  honorable  mention  for 
penmanship , 

Edv/ard  A.  Kowalewski,  honorable  mention  for  religion. 

Ambrose  LI.  Zalev^ski ,  honorable  mention  for  penmanship. 

Besides  these,  honorable  mention  was  given  to  Anthony  Nawrocki  and  Aug. 
Politowski,  for  the  German  language  as  extra  curricular. 


.»  } 


jf  ,. 


II  A  1 


-  5  - 


Dziennik  Chlcagoski.  July  1,  1891. 


POLISH 


it-  n ) 


•  I      ^  . 


v:^ 


The  following  Polish  students  received  honorable  mention  for  extra  good  be- 
havior: John  G.  Bednarek,  St.  P.  Gholewinski ,  John  0.  Jendrzejek,  Ed,  A. 
Kowalewski,  Anthony  S.  Nav/rocki,  Aug.  A.  Politowski,  Stephen  !•  Schultz, 
and  Albert  G.  Szulerski, 

Polish  students  also  distinguished  themselves  by  high  marks.  It  is  under- 
stood that  one  hundred  is  the  highest  mark,  but  no  one  has  ever  received  it 
at  that  college. 


John  G.  Bednarek — 91 
Stan.  P.  Gholewinski — 93 
John  G.  Jendrzejek — 99 
Sdw.  A.  Kowalewski — 88 
Anthony  S.  Nawrocki — 80 
Aug.  A.  Politowski~99 


II  A  1 


POLISH 


Zpoda.  Vol.  IX»  No.  4,  April  2,  1890 


s  t  t 


V.^/    •: 


CITY  NCTS 


Wednesday  afternoon,  April  2,  Prances  Ekowski  received  at  the  Auditorium 
from  the  Dental  and  Surgery  College  his  doctor's  degree.  Vfe  are  happy  to 
state  that  of  the  29  graduating  students,  Mr*  Gkowski  had  the  second 
highest  average* 

The  ceremony  was  a  series  of  talks  by  professors, and  many  songs  were  sung 
and  played  by  the  school  orchestra^  Mr#  Ekowski  gave  the  farewell  speech, 
which  was  the  main  topic  of  the  evening.  He  emphasized  that  the  graduates 
should  not  forget  that  they  are  now  entering  the  business  world  to  heal 
and  bring  to  normal  health  sufferers  from  different  kinds  of  sicknesses* 


II  A  1 
IV 


POLISH 


Zeoda.   Vol.  VIII.   No.  25,   June  19,  1889 


A  mm  POLISH  LAilTYER 


!< 


auU^^o.-uu./ 


We  are  informed  that  our  young  Polish  oomradet  Uaksymilian  Drsymaia, 
has  passed  his  examinations  at  the  University,  qualifying  him  for  a 
lawyer's  degree* 

He  is  the  same  person  who,  at  the  last  oelebration  of  the  anniversary 
of  May  the  3rd,  orated  in  English  ahout  the  Polish  foreign  relations 
during  the  dismemberment  of  Poland* 


'.< 


■t>  *■«!  ■' 


II.  ccajTRi- 

BUTIONS 

AND  ACTIVITIES 

A.  Vocational 

2.  Industrial  and  Conmerc ial 


y.v 


'J- 


f  ••  .'! 


II  A  2 
I  D  £  b 


POLISH 


Interview  with  Mr.  Stanislaus  Dunin,  advertising 
manager  of  the  Midwest  Grocery  Company,  by 
Thomas  Nowacici,  June  23,  1937. 

THB  MID^VEST  GROCEEY  CO . 


In  December,  1930  a  group  of  Polish  grocers  got  together  in  order  to  discuss 
the  means  and  find  the  way  to  meet  the  competitition  of  chain  stores.  The 
competition  of  the  chain  stores  was  showing  its  deadly  effect  and  the  future 
or  the  independent  grocers  was  at  stake. 

It  was  agreed  that  one  of  the  principal  reasons  why  the  independent  grocers 
could  not  make  any  profits  was  that  they,  buying  individually,  had  to  pay 
too  nigh  prices  to  the  wholesale  grocers  ror  goods.  During  the  discussion 
it  was  decided  that  in  order  to  be  equal  to  the  present  conditions,  new 
methods  of  conducting  the  business,  based  on  sound  economic  principles , 
should  be  adopted* 

Several  meetings  had  been  held  before  it  was  finally  decided  to  follow  a 


II  A  2 
I  D  2  b 


-  2  - 


Interview  with  Mr.  Stanislaus  Dunln,  Jxine  23,  1937« 


POLISH 


constructive  plan  by  buying  coopeiratively  at  wholeseLLe  and  by  using  the  same 
method  of  retail  selling. 

The  plan  was  put  into  effect  by  incorporating,  in  January  1931,  a  wholesale 
grocery.  Midwest  Grocery  Company,  while  the  name  of  Midwest  Stores  was  given 
to  stores  ovmed  by  independent  grocers  belonging  to  the  Midwest  Grocery  Company. 

Hie  Midwest  Grocery  Company  is  owned  by  the  members,  each  owning  20  shares  of 
stock,  the  profits  on  which  are  paid   in  form  of  rebates  on  goods  bought  from 
the  wholesale  house • 


The  administrative  offices  are  located  in  the  wholesale  house.  Midwest  Stores 
is  the  name  given  to  stores  owned  by  the  members  of  Midwest  Grocery  Company. 
In  order  to  give  an  identity  to  stores  belonging  to  the  cooperative,  it  was 
agreed  that  the  exterior,  and  if  possible  the  interior,  of  the  stores  should 
present  similar  appearance.  The  signs  of  the  stores  are  alike  and  are  painted 
orange.  Ihere  should  be  at  least  two  blocks  between  two  Midwest  Stores. 


II  A  2 
I  D  2  b 


-  3  - 


Interview  with  14r.  Stanislaus  Dunin,  June  23,  1937« 


POLISH 


This  business  venture  proved  to  be  an  immediate  success.  In  the  first  five 
months  of  its  existence  the  business  of  the  wholesale  house  reached  the 
$400,000  mark.  But  the  business  of  the  member  grocers  showed  also  a  remarkable 
Improvement.  The  increase  of  business  of  individual  stores  in  the  first 
months  was  from  10^  up  and  in  one  case  it  was  as  much  as  320^  within  one  month* 


The  members  of  the  cooperative  hold  the  meetings  once  a  month,  when  the 
president  of  the  cooperative  presents  a  detailed  report  for  the  last  month. 
Taking  part  in  these  meetings  are  the  representatives  of  leurge  manufacturing 
concerns,  offering  either  suggestions  for  conducting  the  business,  or  planning 
sales  and  advertising  campaigns. 

In  order  to  stimulate  the  business  an  extensive  advertising  campaign  is  being 
conducted.  Every  week  at  least  110,000  circulars  are  distributed  to  homes  in 
the  neighborhood  of  Midwest  Stores,  einnouncing  the  weekly  sale.  Every  Friday 
a  half  page  ad  is  placed  in  three  Polish,  one  Bohemiem,  one  Lithuanian  and  one 
English  paper  (The  Daily  Times).  The  radio  is  also  being  used  to  advertise  the 


n  A  2 

I  D  2  b 


-  4  - 


POLISH 


Interview  with  Mr.  Stanislaus  Dunin,  June  23,  1937 • 

weekly  sales*  The  business  is  conducted  on  a  strictly  cash  basis. 

There  are  certain  rules  governing  the  members  of  this  organization.  Eveiy 
member  agrees  to  buy  everything  for  his  store  from  the  Midwest  Grocery 
Company;  the  members  must  also  agree  to  sell  certain  specified  products  at 
the  price  set  by  the  wholesale  house  for  the  weekly  sales.  The  sales  list 
is  sent  to  every  store  a  few  days  before  the  day  set  for  the  big  sale*  Sach 
member  must  contribute  $Z   per  week  for  advertising  expenses. 

The  members  of  the  cooperative  has  a  right  to  seel  his  store,  but  the  member- 
ship in  the  cooperative  is  dependent  on  the  decision  of  the  organization.  When 
a  member  sells  his  store  and  the  new  owner  does  not  care  to  conduct  a  Midwest 
Store,  the  price  of  membership  in  the  cooperative  is  returned. 

The  policy  of  the  cooperative  is  based  on  the  simple  principle  of  truth  in 
advertising,  high  quality  of  goods,  and  low  prices* 


II  A  2 
I  D  2  b 


-  5  - 


Interview  with  Llr.  Stanislaus  Dunin,  Juno  23,  1937* 


POLISH 


There  are  362  Midwest  Stores  belonging  to  the  Midwest  Grocery  Company*  The 
business  of  the  wholesale  house  is  growing  so  fast  that  the  present  quarters 
have  become  too  small* 

The  new  quarters  were  bought  for  $350,000,  covering  4^  acres,  where  21  railroad 
cars  can  be  unloaded  at  the  same  time,  while  in  the  present  location  only  four 
cars  can  be  handled  at  the  same  time*  This  new  warehouse  will  be  the  largest 
warehouse  used  by  a  cooperative  grocery  organization. 

All  products  sold  in  grocery  stores  are  handled  by  the  wholesale  house,  except 
milk« 


The  amount  of  business  done  by  ^he  wholesale  in  1936  was  about  $2,750,000. 

The  officers  of  the  organization  are:  Mr.  A.  Janik,  President;  Mr.  Joseph 
Skowronski,  Secretary,  and  Mr.  Stanislaus  Dunin,  Advertising  Manager*  They 
have  been  with  the  organization  from  its  very  beginning  and  have  contributed 


II  A  2 
I  D  2  b 


-  6  - 


POLISH  ,^---?"7rX 


Interview  with  Mr,  Stanislaus  Dunin,  June  23,  1937. 


to  the  growth  of  the  orgeuiization  more  than  any  other  members  of  the  adminis- 
trative board • 


The  offices  of  the  Midwest  Grocery  Company  are  located  at  2434  S.   Western 
Avenue • 


II  A  2 


POLISH 


Interview  T7lth  Mr.  Charles  Nurczyk,  secretary  of  the 
Polish  Men's  Association,  1121  N.  Ashland  Ave.,  Chicago, 
111.,  hy  Thos  Nowaki,  May  4,  1937. 

The  Association  was  organized  in  1929  for  the  purpose  of  helping 
Polish  businessmen  professionally,  by  giving  them  expert  r>dvice  on 
how  to  conduct  their  businesses  more  efficiently  and  profitably* 
The  members  of  the  Association  are  also  given  helo  in  their  buying 
difficulties  by  having  the  new  merchandise  tested,  as  well  as  how 
to  make  the  best  arrangements  in  regard  to  price  and  conditions  of 
payment.   The  Association  carries  and  extensive  advertising  and 
very  active  publicity  campaigns  in  behalf  of  all  Polish  business- 
men in  general,  and  its  members  in  particular.   It  broadcasts  over 
station  WOES  every  Sunday  from  1  -  2  P. .M. 

The  membership  of  the  Association  is  increasing  continuously. 

At  present  there  are  more  than  750  Polish  business-men  in  Chicago 

belonging  to  the  Association. 

The  offices  of  the  Association  are  located  at  1121  N.  Ashland  Ave. 
The  President  is  Mr.  Francis  Nowak  and  the  secretary  is  Mr. 
Charles  Nurczyk. 


H'  ^i\.^f  *,'ii^/.  ^[jy'ii^ 


;i 


I  A^  2 


POLISH 


Polonla.  Vol*  XXX,  No.  24,  June  11,  1936. 
SLODKCWSKI  SAUSAGE  CCMPAMY  IN  SOUTH  CHICAGO 


'  .-'. 


In  1918  Mr«  Joseph  Slodkowskl  started  a  sausage  factory  on  Commercial 
Avenue,  and  conducted  it  there  until  1923*  Then  he  moved  to  2017-23 
W.  18th  St. 


1 1 

ii 

t 
I 

I 

li 

1 
I 


In  1925  he  started  to  enlarge  the  building*  which  he  completed  next 
year*  His  sausage  factory  novr  has  a  good  appearance  emd  it  occupies 
almost  a  whole  block*  Mr*  Slodkowski  employs  thirty-five  men*  In  April, 
1936,  there  was  a  grand  opening  of  his  new  factory,  in  which  Dr«  Gaw- 
ronski,  the  Polish  consul,  participated  with  about  five  thousand  people 
from  all  parts  of  the  city* 

Mr*  Slodkowski*  due  to  his  hard  work  and  perseverance,  is  in  a  position 
to  teUce  his  Hfe  easy*  He  has  now  entered  into  the  best  stage  of  his  life* 

His  wife  helps  him  in  his  work;  so  does  one  of  his  sons*  Another  son* 
Eugene,  who  wcub  born  in  South  Chicago*  attends  St*  Beads  College  in  Peru, 
Illinois « 


II  A  2 


Poloijia,  Vol.  XXX,  No»  P.4,  June  lit  1936 

A  POLISH  LUMBER  COMPANY 

THE  MANHATTAN  LUMBER  COMPANY  IS  THF^  LARGEST  LUMBER 
AND  MATERIAL  FIRM  IN  S.  CHICAGO 


POLISH  (1) 


\V?-:  ^'1-L..)  r^u..;>v^^^^ 


One  of  the  Important  enterprises  in  South  Chicago  is  a  Polish  firnit 
the  Manhattcui  Lumber  Companyt  which  occupies  a  large  tract  of  land  at  83rd 
street  and  Commercial  avenue* 

The  company  was  orgcuiized  in  1905  by  a  group  of  Polish  businessment  and 
was  incorporated  with  a  capital  of  $250t000«  During  its  existence  it  edways 
stood  at  the  top  because  its  directors  cmd  managers  understood  their  business 
very  well*  Another  contributing  factor  to  its  rapid  development  is  the  fact 
that  they  sold  a  first-class  material* 

There  were  many  changes  in  its  management  during  its  long  existence t 
but  always  for  the  better*  The  present  management  is  in  the  hands  of  a  very 
competent  man*  They  are:  C*  A*  Hansont  president;  Victor  J*  T/fyszynskl,  vice- 
president;  William  J*  Pieczynskif  auditor;  Wedenty  Mularski,  yard  foreman; 
Andrew  YTozniak,  shop  foreman;  Kaz*  Golkowski  and  John  Stagenber,  directors* 


II  A  2 


POLISH  (2) 


Polonla*  June  11 f  1936 

•    Polish  oontraotors  patronize  the  firm*  Almost  all  Polish  contractors 
of  So«  Chicago  patronize  the  Manhattan  Lumber  CompaiQ^*  The  Polish  lumber 
oompemy  is  a  success* 

A  POLISH  PLUMBING  CONTRACTOR  IN  SO.  CHICAGO 


f  ■  >' 


The  first  professional  plumber  in  South  Chicago  was  and  still  is  a 
Pole  by  the  name  of  W«  A«Swiderskif  who  conducts  a  plumbing;  business  for  the 
last  thirty-seven  years*  Ur«  W*  A#  Swiderski  vras  born  in  Chicago  on  the  13th 
day  of  June,  1886#  This  Saturday  he  will  celebrate  his  fiftieth  anniversary 
in  Bess  emer  Parkf  where  the  Poles  will  also  celebrate  Polish  Day* 

During  the  twenty-seven  years  of  his  business  career  he  performed  his 
duties  very  conscientiously  emd  on  that  account  he  was  patronized  by  all  daring 
the  building  boom  in  Chicago* 

He  filled  many  large  contracts  in  Chicago t  many  of  them  for  the  Board 
of  Bducationt  hotels  and  banks*  In  South  Chicago  most  of  the  plumbing  work 


II  A  2 


POLISH  (3) 


Polonla.  June  11,  1936 


.-  ^  '  ■  ' 


V  ■'■'=--• 


'•x   I 


has  been  done  by  Mr#  Swiderskif  who  used  to  employ  about  twenty-five  men 
at  a  time« 

Mr#  Swiderski  is  the  only  licensed  plumber  in  South  Chicago, and  is  a 
member  of  the  Master  Plumbers*  Union  of  Illinois^ 

Besides  his  regular  work  he  also  devotes  his  time  to  national  and 
patriotic  affairs*  He  is  a  good  citizen* 


II  A  2 


POLISH 


/ 


•^t^ 


Polonia,  Vol.  XXX,  No.   24,   June   11,    1936.  ^^ 

A  POLISH  EAORY  HI  30UTK  CHICAGO 

GOLD  CUP     A:^ID  its  ^JONDZRFUL  GRO'.TE^     it  BAK2S 

12,000  LOAVES  DAILY 

Recently  many  articles  appeared  in  the  Arierican  press  a.^ainst  so-called  ''foreigners'* 
who  are  not  wanted  here.   In  those  articles  some  conptressmen  accuse  the  foreigners 
of  creating  unemployment.  All  accusations  are  based  only  on  hatred  and  not  on 
facts.  Those  accusations  are  not  rational  for  'xad  it  not  been  for  the  forei/2;ners 
our  commercial  growth  would  not  y.ave  reached  s:^ch  proportions. 

TFTE  II.T-:iaR.'^-:T3  COMTRIBUT^D  TO  TM2  GRO'/TTII  OF  T^   COITiTTRY 

Due  to  sound  thinking  immigrants  who  were  our  pioneers  in  the  last  century,  this 
country  is  the  most  prosperous  in  the  world.   The  Poles  also  have  contributed  to 
the  wealth  and  success  of  this  country.  Everywhere  one  meets  Poles  who  are 
energetic  in  business  and  interested  in  the  progress  of  the  country. 


'  V.' 


Let  us  take  the  So.  Chicago  Poles,  for  example.  Disregarding  thousands  of  working 

men,  who  are  employed  in  the  steel  mills,  we  take  under  consideration  only  those 

individuals  who  have  made  unusual  pro  :ress  and  distinguished  themselves  in  industry 
or  commerce. 


II  A  2 


-2- 


POLISH 


Polonia.  Vol.  XXX,  No.  24,  June  11,  1936 


V^'PA 


OU.) 


One  of  those  prominent  men  is  undoubtedly  Stefan  I/ichalowski,  owner  of  a  large  "^ 
bakery  known  as  the  Gold  Cup  Bakery,  and  who  certainly  deserves  special  recognition 

Ivlr.  Stefan  IJichalewski  was  born  in  Poland  and  cane  to  the  United  States  in  1913  as 
a  baker.  The  next  year  he  married,  he  decided  to  go  into  bakery  business.  After 
five  years  of  work  and  thrift,  he  went  into  the  bakery  business,  buying  in  1918 
Vt.   Kocinski^s  bakery,  8324  Buffalo  Avenue,  where  Vx.   Kocinski  died.  After  three 
years  he  was  able  to  buy  another  bakery  which  was  ulr,  ?:ukulski*s  bakery  shop, 

I,!r,  llichalowski,  after  a  short  tine,  remodelled  and  improved  that  by  installing 
modern  machinery,  so  that  today  it  is  the  bi^^gest  bakery  in  South  Chicago. 

After  a  few  years  of  good  management,  the  Gold  Cup  Bakery  developed  so  much  trade 
that  today  (1936)  r'jr,  I.iichalowski  employs  fifty-three  bakers,  who  bake  12,000 
loaves  of  bread  daily,  not  taking  into  consideration  other  delicacies  such  as 
cakes,  doughjiuts,  sweet  rolls,  cookies  and  other  baked  goods, 

Eighteen  bakery  waggons  distribute  his  bakery  goods  to  different  stores,  also  to 
private  families.  His  business  is  expandin/:':  so  rapidly  that  it  will  be  necessary 
to  enlarge  the  shop  and  install  more  machinery. 


II  A  2 


-3- 


POLISH 


Po Ionia,   Vol.   XjDi,  No,   24,   June   11,    1956.  ^^PArli^ 

^'^^*/  PUCj  V . 

BOUGHT  $150,090  BAKERY  FOR  v30,000  ITT  :.:0:;:2:iGE,  ILLIIIOIS 

Lfist  year  I.Ir.  1  ichalowski  bought  another  bakery  in  Llomence,  Illinois,  known  as 
the  Conrad  Bakery,  for  ,30,000,  and  ^ich  has  been  appraised  at  Ol30,000# 

Lir#  Ivlichalowski  operates  that  bakery  shop  with  I.lr.  Litoborski  as  his  partner. 
They  employ  around  thirty  men  and  bake  9,000  loaves  of  bread  daily* 

The  bakery  in  Lomence,  Illinois,  is  wonderfully  equipped  and  has  the  appearance 
of  a  modern  factory  rather  than  tliat  of  a  bakery  shop  conducted  by  two  able  Poles. 

im.  l:ic!-:all^;sp:i  a  popular  i.iaii 

Mr.  Tvl ichalowski,  not  only  works  ener^ietically  in  his  bakery  shops,  he  also  finds 
time  for  social  and  national  affairs.  I'e   is  very  much  interested  in  Polish  welfare. 
He  belongs  to  several  Polish  societies,  and  takes  an  active  part  in  national 
projects,  particularly  when  donations  are  necessary.  Tie  contributed  to  the 
development  of  Polish  business  in  South  Chicago  by  giving  the  Polish  business  men 
good  advice. 

This  demonstrates  that  a  poor  Polish  immigrant  is  capable  of  creating  great  things; 
that  many  others  are  not  able  to  accomplish  because  they  lack  the  perseverance  .f 
the  Polish  immigrant. 

("Rut  not  all  Poles  possess  that  Quality.  Sherby), 


II  A  2 


POLISi 


Polonia,   Vol,  XXX,  No.  24,   June  11,    1936. 

POLISH  ROOFING  COJ.TAKY  Ti]  SOUHT.  CHICAGO 
A:TD  its  IlTTEIf^STI'IG  HISTORY 


V. 


4  f^    -^i-^«ir'/    ^   i»v-.'' 


The  firm  Interstate  Roofing  Company  was  or^.anized  in  1921  by  Hr.  7/.  R.  Eojanowski 
and  IviT.  S.  A..  Dutkiewicz,  who  havinr^  experience  in  that  line,  started  their  own 
"business  in  South  Chicago.   In  the  be.^innin.'^  they  were  satisfied  with  a  very  small 
business,  which  was  conducted  at  a  private  home,  8043  Coles  Avenue.  But  later  on 
when  the  business  started  to  ^row  steadily  and  gair.ed  the  confidence  of  the  public, 
they  decided  to  incorporate  it,  which  was  done  in  1923. 

Ivlr.  ?•  R.  Bojanowski  was  the  first  president  of  the  firm,  and  Ix.   S.  A.  Dutkiewicz 
was  the  secret'^^ry  and  cashier.  Mr.  G.  H.  Guzowski  was  vice-president.   In  January, 
1924,  the  company  bought  a  v/arehouse  from  the  Berghoff  BroT^ing  Company,  which  is 
located  near  the  lialtimore  and  Ohio  Railroad.  This  iVarehouse  is  still  used  by  the 
company. 

Immediately  after  the  incorporation  of  the  f -^  ~^m  the  business  started  to  grow  and 
to  such  an  extent  that  it  7/as  necessary  to  look  for  a  new  office  location.  This 
was  found  at  8700  Co.  mercial  avenue. 


II  A  2 


-2- 


Polonia,  Vol,  XXX,  No.  24,  June  11,  1936. 


POLISH 


♦  ''  -A 


Vh'-  (iLj«./  riiijA.cV^, 


In  1927  the  company  introduced  into  its  business  an  asphalt  department  equipped 
with  modern  machinery.  In  a  short  tir;ie  the  asbestos  roofin^^  and  siding  came  into 
existence. 

The  Interstate  Roofinx>;  Company  was  the  first  firm  in  South'  Chicago  that  introduced 
that  kind  of  sidin.^  and  accepted  contracts. 

The  firm,  Interstate  Roofing  Company,  covered  about  two  thousand  roofs  and  seven 
hundred  buildin-i^s. 

The  firm  also  had  suffered  durinr-  the  depression  but  weathered  the  storm  success- 
fully. Mr.  Bojanowski  and  I.lr.  Dutkiewicz  certainly  deserve  a  credit. 


^^^F<ll^»|l  II    W,.  U      ■ 


jr-a-r-rr-x  r— ?--  TT 


II   A  2 


Polonia,  Vol,  XXX,   No.  24,   June  11,   1936 
A  PECULIAR  POLISH  BUSINESS  IN  SOUTH  CHICAGO 


POLISH 

WPA(iLL)PHOJ.3Q27i 


It  seems  that  the  only  .finn  that  carries  garments  for  the  dead  is  the 
South  End  Burial  Garment  Shop. 

This   particular  shop  is  located  at  2959  E.  88th  street  and  was  establish 
ed  by  a  Pole  by  the  name  of  J.   Zaoharias,  in  April,   1934,   and  is  growing 
very  nicely*  The  shop  has  a  complete  supply  of  garments  for  the  dead,  for 
men  and  women;   also  other  necessary  articles  used  for  burial  purposes* 

Mr.   J«    Zacharias  employs  four  people* 


f 


i 


II   A  2 


POLISH   (1) 


Polonia.  Vol.  XXX,   No.  24,   June    11,   1936 

THE  LARGEST  POLISH  BRB7ERY  IN  THE  UNITED 

STATES 

ONLY  POLES  MAY  BE  STOCKHOLDERS;    MILLION 
BARitELS   OP  BESR  HAVE  BEEN  BixSVED  SINCE 

ITS  EXISTENCE 


fiVA  (IlL;  r:\lfj'  .v/^.»* 


One  of  the   leading  Polish  enterprises  in  the  United  States  is  the  »Vhite 
Eagle  Brewing  Company,    organized  on  the   21st  of  November,    1899,  by    tie   late 
John  P.   and  Francis  Czaja,    Adam  Czajat    son  of  John  F«,    and  Bernard  and  Anna 
Maciejewski.   Originally,   the  brewery  was   located  near  St»   Adalbert's  church 
at  18th  street  and  Ashland  avenue,   the   present  location  of  FUlaski  Hall, 
which  is   still   owned  by  the  brewery • 

EXPANSION  OF  THE  BRBJERY 


In  1907  the    '/hite  Eagle  Brewing  Company  bought  out  the  Illinois  Brew- 
ing and  Malting  Company,    located   at  3735-35   S.   Racine  avenue*   As   soon  as 
the  transaction  was   completed,   the  V/hite  Eagle   Brewing  Company  moved  in« 
At  the  same  time  the   company  reorganized  an     incorporated,    accepting  only 
roles  as  its   shareholders* 


II    A  2 


Folonia>    June   11,    1936 

TFE   FIRST  MANAGEMENT   OP  TliE  REORGANIZED 

COMPANY 


P0LISH(2) 


The  following  officers  were  elected  to  conduct  the  business  of  the 
newly  incorporated  company: 

Leonard  Rutkcwski,    president;    J#  F.  Balcer,  vice-president;    S.  Wlek- 
linskt,    cashier;   Jan  A.   felka>    sec    tary» 

The  following  were  made  directcrt     B.   L«  Maciejev/ski,   Leonard  Rut- 
koTski,   S.  Belinski,    S.  IVlekliaski,   J.   A.    Jichocici,  F*  Gorzynski,  H.  Nowak, 
Piotr  Niedzwiecki,   J«  Bailer,    Jan  A.   Relika 


II  A  2 


P0LI3I 


Po Ionia,   Vol.  X:ac,   No.   24,    June  11,   1936. 
A  POLISH  COAL  YARD  IN  SCUTFI  GMCAGO,    ILL. 


The  Standard  Coal  and  Coke  Company,  a  Polish  coal  firm,  has  been  in  the  business 
for  the  last  thirty-five  years. 

This  firm  was  started  in  the  year  1901  by  I.:r.  Ziolkowski,  the  father  of  the 
present  owner.  At  first  he  conducted  it  on  a  aniall  scale  with  one  horse  and 
wagon;  later  on  his  son  and  brother  of  the  present  owner  conducted  it  at  8847 
Escanaba  avenue.  He  was  helped  by  his  younger  brother  Felix,  who  was  then 
sixteen  years  old. 

Felix,  the  owner  of  the  firm  who  was  then  seventeen  years  old,  took  the  management 
in  his  hands  and  by  hard  work  and  good  rranav'.ement  developed  it  into  a  lar.^e 
business. 


He  was  also  known  for  his  honesty^  (honest  weight)  was  his  motto.  His  honesty 
and  good  service  gained  the  confidence  of  the  public,  with  the  result  that  from 
a  one  truck  firm  it  grew  into  an  eight-truck,  big  concern. 

At  presei^t  this  firm  employs  eighteen  men  distributing  coal  and  ice  in  South  Chicago. 

Mr.  Felix  Ziolkowski  is  a  self-made  man.  He  is  married.  His  wife,  Lillian,  helps  him 
in  his  business. 


II  A  2 


POLISH 


Polonia,  Vol,  XXXt  No.  24,  June  11,  1936 
POLISH  TOBACCO  SHOP  IN  SOUTH  CHICAGO,  ILLc 


IVladyslaw  Bernatowicz  is  the  only  wholesale  tobacconist  in  South 
Chicago.  He  has  a  very  large  trade,  especially  among  Polish  firms. 

He  started  his  business  in  1916  on  Commercial  avenue,  later  on  he 
moved  into  his  own  building  at  8605  Manistee  avenue  where  he  has  conducted 
his  tobacco  business  very  successfully  for  the  last  twenty  years. 


POLISH 


II  A  2 


Polonia.  Vol.  XXX,  No.  24,  June  11,  1936. 
POLISH  iminN  BUILDING  AND  LOAN  ASSOCIATION  IN  SOUTH  CHICAGO 


% 

^^. 


% 


'''So,. 


Among  many  Polish  buildini^  €tnd  loan  associations,  the  Polish  Union  Building 
Association  holds  undoubtedly  the  first  place. 

• 

It  was  established  in  the  year  1916  by  a  few  influential  local  men  who  wished  to 
help  those  countrymen  who  intended  to  build  their  own  homes.  The  first  members 
of  this  association  were  A.  Lublinski,  Ig.  Lazarski,  Wl.Przybylinski,  W.  Rembwiecki. 
J.  Nowicki,  A.  Krajewski  and  H.  Janicki. 

During  Its  useful  existence  this  association  rendered  great  service  to  those  who 
still  own  their  homes. 

The  rapid  growth  of  this  association  is  due  to  the  support  of  the  Poles  of  South 
Chicago  and  also  to  energetic  management  of  its  officers.  The  office  is  located 
at  8Z0?  S.  Shore  Drive. 


II  A  2 
I  D  1  b 


POLISH  Ci) 


/  -< 


/c> 


>  — 


Polonlat  Vol>  XXXf  No#  24,  June  11,  1936 

POLISH  TOMAN,  AN  UNDERTAKER 

The  only  Polish  woman  uniertaJcer  in  South  Chicago  is  Mrs«  Wladyslawa 
I^'biokL  who  lives  at  8401  Burley  avenue,  where  she  conducts  her^  business* 
Hdr  establishment  is  properly  equipped*  There  is  also  a  chapel* 

Urs*  I^bioki  is  a  very  energetic  woman;  formerly  she  operated,  a  dry 
goods  store  at  8558  Meuiistee  avenue*  After  purchasing  the  property  she  opened 
up  an  undertaking  business* 

She  is  a  member  of  St*  Meigdalene's  Society,  a  member  of  the  Free  Polish 
Women's  Alliance*  She  also  helped  to  organize  other  societies  and  organizations 

Her  husband,  Mr*  Wladyslaw  Rybioki,  has  been  employed  as  a  foremeui  by 
Carnegie  Steel  Compcoy  for  many  years* 


^:)\ 


.■•••'    -L.   • 


<•   • 


^          A 

-^-  \ 

'.J    ^'  1 

;~.          '  .'^  f 

POLISH 

II  A  2 

III  A 

IV  Dziennlk  ZJednoczenia,  Liar.  13,  1928* 

AlIMJAL  Misting  of  the  polish  BQILDETG  ;\JID  LOAIT  i^SOCLlTIOIIS 
Former  Platform  Adopted  for  the  Coming  Year; 

A.  Wachowski's  Report; 
12,626  Associations  in  the  Country 

The  annual  meeting  of  the  Polish  Building  and  Loan  Association  League  was  held 
last  Sxinday  at  the  Sokol  Hall,  2300  South  V/hipple  Street*  After  John  Czekala, 
the  president  of  the  committee,  opened  the  session,  I.  P.  Grzemski,  the  secre- 
tary^  read  the  minutes  of  the  previous  meeting,  which  were  accepted  on  a  motion 
by  l!r.  ^^ysocki  v/ithout  opposition* 

This  formality  over,  the  Reverend  S.  Bona,  pastor  of  St*  Casimir*s  parish,  was 
invited  to  tallc*  "I  came  here,**  said  Reverend  Bona,  "especially  to  give  a  word 
of  praise  for  the  work  the  League  and  the  associations  affiliated  to  it  have 
accomplished  in  behalf  of  the  Polish  people*  Just  as  each  of  our  parishes  is 
a  defender  of  its  right  to  teach  the  Polish  language  and  traditions  to  our  chil- 
dren, so  is  each  of  our  associations  a  fortifier  of  our  common  good. 


II  A  2 

III  A 
IV 


-  2  - 


Dziennik  Zjednoczenia,  lilar.  13,  1928 


POLISH 


"Althoucli  it  is  well  known  that  our  organizations  are  not  totally  independent, 
yet  they  should  be  praised  for  the  siinple  reason  that  it  is  due  to  their  efforts 
that  the  Poles  possess  their  own  homes  and  other  real-estate  interests.  These 
associations  set  an  exa]i5)le  and  are  regarded  with  great  respect  in  financial 
circles*  Bankers  knov/  that  the  Poles  are  trustworthy  and  that  they  respect 
their  obligations. 

"These  institutions  have  tau[:ht  our  people  not  to  hide  their  savings  in  mattresses 
but  to  put  them  in  the  coffers  of  the  League,  where  they  earn  a  substantial  rate 
of  interest.  The  organizers  of  the  League  iiust  be  thanked  for  the  great  sacri- 
fices thej''  have  made  in  order  to  build  this  fine  organization. 

"The  Polish  Building  and  Loan  Association  League  is  an  institution  needed  by  the 
people.  \le   are  gathered  here  to  help  it  in  its  work.  The  desire  of  the  organ- 
izers of  the  League  ir,  that  everyone  becone  fardliar  with  the  vjork  of  the  organ- 
ization." 


Hr.  A.  IVlodarski,  first  vice-president  of  the  League,  thanked  Father  Bona  for 
his  speech.  Other  speakers  were  the  following  directors  of  the  League: 


■ 


.•"■  •*->.. 


II 


jri. 


Ill  A 
17 


-  3  - 


Dziennlk  Zjednoczenia,  liar,  13,  1928. 


V^' 


P0LI3H 


John  T.  Jasinslvi,  of  Bridgeport;  U.   Galov;,  of  Avondale;  a.  Jlodarski,  of  Town 
of  Lake;  ?•  ilarchewicz,  of  Holy  Trinity  parish;  3.  I  ikolajczyk,  of  St»  Adalbert's 
and  St.  .^Jane's  parishes;  I.  Pav;is,  of  Irving;  Park;  I#  Lachcik,  of  Kensington; 
and  ?•  Jezierny,  of  ot.  Casinir's  parish. 


'^ivo  other 


Attorney-  John  Hybicki,  a  nenber  of  the  orcanizin^:^  coimittee,  recoimaended  a 
uniform  system  of  booklceepin.i;  for  all  the  affiliated  associations^  Tivo  otL 
merobers  of  the  conid.ttee,  lir.  Tyrakowski  and  :.lr.  ^innknecht,  also  spoke.  Ix. 
Czekala,  the  chainnan,  told  the  assemblage  that  the  Polish  press  is  willing'  to 
co-operate  and  will  publish  any  interesting^  article  concerninc  the  Leacue. 
Articles  may  be  sent  to  L.  Borejszy,  1331  Augusta  :3oulevard. 


Ivlr.  '..•  VJhitlock,  secretary  of  the  Lea{nie,  v/as  endorsed  for  the  post  of  fourth 
vice-president.  After  deliberatinc  upon  a  iriotion  made  by  V7.  x^irilcnecht ,  the  two 
hundred  and  fifty  delegates  present  agreed  that  the  League  should  go  ahead  v;ith 
the  same  platform  it  had  last  year.  The  assembled  members  then  rose  from  their 
seats  as  a  token  of  appreciation  for  the  work  done  by  the  comraittee.  The  members 
of  the  committee  are  John  Czekala,  president,  A.  J.  V.'lodarski,  first  vice- 
president;  3.   Tyrakov;ski,  second  vice-president;  I.  F.  Grzenski,  secretary, 


II  A  2 

III  A 
IV 


-  4  - 


-/ 


P0LI-_3I 


y 


Dziennlk  Z.1ednoczenia>  Liar.  13,   1928. 


2304  Ilorth  VJestern  Avenue;   and  .abert   ..achovjski,   treasurer,     liaurice  ?.  Vasena, 
president  of  the  League,  and  i.x.  K.  Piilaski  were  the  next  speakers. 


X.  v;achov;ski's  Report 


At  this  meetinc  the  treasurer  of  the  Lea^oie,  Ix.   Gilbert  :.-achov7ski,  laiovm  to  the 
Polish  people  as  the  father  of  building  and  loan  associations,  made  the  follov/ing 
report : 

The  yearly  report  by  the  secretary  of  the  National  Building  and  Loan  .association 
Leacue  in  the^ United  Jtates  shows  that  there  are  12,626  units  representing 
10,665,705  members.  The  highest  income  ai.Dunts  to  ^555,509,319. 

In  Illinois  v;e  have  881  units  ..ith  840,000  members.  The  220  branches  in  Llassa- 
chusetts  represent  the  largest  capital,  ^425,511,319.  The  capital  of  the  entire 
organization  ariounts  to  .^'6,334,103,307. 

Our  Polish  building, loan,  and  savings  associations  in  Chicago  and  vicinity  have 
over  ^40,000,000.  The  growth  of  our  organizations  during  the  past  fev;  years 


II  S.  2 

III 
IV 


-  5  - 


i)ziennlk  Zjednoczenia,   L^r,   13,    1923, 


POLISH 


has  been  i;iore  favorably  received  and  proportionately  larger  than  that  of  any 
other  financial  institution. 


These  savings  associations  are  operated  in  a  businesslike  rinnner^  Strict  econ- 
omy of  operation  ,::.ives  ther.  a  strong  financial  foundation.  They  are  the  schools 
of  the  people  of  the  vjorkin,':  class,  v:ho  are  taught  that  by  savinr:  their  hard- 
earned  money  they  v;ill  be  able  to  build  their  ovm  h^mes. 

These  associations  are  of  value  to  the  coinnunity  in  that  they  help  build 
character  and  assist  their  menbers  to  construct  their  ov.n  hones,  thereby  making 
them  good  and  useful  citizens  of  this  countrv. 

Recognition  should  be  given  our  Polish  Leacoie  of  Building  and  Loan  Associations, 
v/hich  has  striven  from  the  very  beginning  to  bring  all  other  similar  organizations 
into  its  fold. 


II  A  2 

IV 


POUSH 


Dziennik  Chicagoski,  Jan»  12,  1928 


AICIUAL  MEETING  OF  IHE  STOCKHOLDEES  OF  THE  ALLIANCE  NATIONAL  BANK 

BRINGS  ABOUT  CHANGES  IN  THE  ADLIINISTEATION 


V 


At  an  annual  meeting  of  stockholders  of  the  Alliance  National  Bank,  most  of 
whom  were  from  Holy  Innocents',  St.  Stephen's,  St.  Helen's  and  St.  John  Cantius' 
parishes,  held  at  the  bank  headquarters  yesterday  afternoon,  changes  were  de- 
cided upon  in  the  administration.  Besides  this,  plans  and  problems  for  the 
good  of  the  organization  were  discussed. 

After  the  presentation  of  the  directors  iNho   were  on  the  board  during  1927,  re- 
ports were  introduced.  In  the  absence  of  Clayton  F.  Smith,  chairman  of  the 
board  of  directors,  who  is  in  Washington  on  an  important  mission,  Leon  S.  Mallek, 
president  of  the  bank,  gave  a  comprehensive  report  on  the  bank's  business,  ad- 
ministrators, and  personnel.  A  table  or  index  was  given  to  every  stockholder 
present,  which  showed  the  qualification  of  the  directors. 


The  results  of  yesterday's  elections  showed  that  the  following  were  chosen  as 
directors: 


II  A  2 
IV 


-  2  - 


Dziennik  Chicagoski,  Jan.  12,  1928 • 


POLISH 


Leon  3.   Mallek,  attorney;  Peter  Rostenkowski ,  former  president  of  the  Polish 
Boman  Catholic  Union  and  present  cashier  of  the  bank,  who  always  takes  an 
active  part  in  Polish  affairs;  Clayton  F.  Smith,  a  financier  who  is  well 
known  to  all  the  important  banking  institutions;  John  A.  Biggio,  realtor  and 
o?iner  of  a  subdivision  in  "Uptown";  Gustave  D.  Moldenhauer,  physician;  Francis 
J.  Bums,  proprietor  of  a  wholesale  lumber  company;  Edward  Oplatka,  co-owner 
of  the  Leader  Stores;  Mrs*  Sophia  Ruszkiewicz,  wife  of  the  late  Joseph 
Buszkiewicz,  who  organized  the  bank;  and  Nicholas  A.  Cummings,  manager  of 
the  ice  firm  Reter  Rusetos, 


The  following  were  chosen  officer?  of  the  bank:  Leon  S,  Mallek,  president; 
Clayton  F.  Smith,  vice-president;  Francis  J.  Bums,  vice-president;  Robert 
F«  Crowley,  cashier;  Anthony  M*  Adams  and  Valentine  P»  Kaszuba,  assistant 
cashiers • 


In  the  course  of  this  annual  report,  Mr.   Mallek  pointed  out  that  the  assets 
of  the  bank  have  passed  the  five-million-dollar  mark;  the  capital,  accrued 


n  A  2 

IT 


•  3  - 


Dzlennik  Chicagoskl,  Jan.  12,  1928. 


POLISH 


interest,  and  undivided  income  totaled  #424,247.36,  and  the  stockholders 
received  a  twelve  per  cent  dividend  in  1927. 

••Credit  for  the  growth  of  this  institution,**  said  Mr.  Mallek,  ••must  be  given 
to  the  undivided  co-operation  of  our  clients,  who  are  well  aware  of  the  fi- 
nancial strength  of  the  Alliance  National  Bank  and  therefore  consider  it  a 
sound  place  to  deposit  their  savings. •• 

The  Alliance  National  Bank  is  on  a  par  with  the  largest  banking  institutions 
of  America.  It  is  a  member  of  the  Federal  Reserve  Board  and  of  Chicago's 
strongest  financial  institution,  the  Chicago  Clearing  House. 


II  A  2 
IV 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Ghica^oski,  Jan.  11,  1928. 


AU(];UST  J.  K0\/AI;3KI  INSTALLED  A5  PHSSID:3OT  OF  TH^  KXJAKLo  GUJB 
2;^alx-tone,  one  column — ei,;;hth  of  a  pa^^e,  profile  of  Auf^ust  J.  Kov;alski^ 

Yesterday,  at  the  Polish  Alma  I.Iater  Hall,  Llilv;aukee  Avenue  near  North  Avenue, 
a  large  number  of  memov-rs  of  the  Kiv;anis  Club,  consistinr,  of  business  men 
of  the  Horthv;est  Side,  assembled  at  a  dingier.  This  meetins;  v/as  called  for 
the  purpose  of  installing  a  nev/  president  for  the  year  1928.  This  important 
post  went  to  a  v/ell-knov;n  representative  of  the  Polish  people,  August  J. 
Kowalski,  vice-president  of  the  Lorthv/estern  Trust  and  Savings  Banlc,  an  in- 
stitution largely  serving,  and  managed  by,  Poles. 

!v!r.  Kowalski,  because  of  his  v;ork  not  only  aiLon,::  the  Polish  people  but  also 
aiaong  people  of  other  nationalities,  has  earneu  this  distin,:;;uished  position. 
He  has  been  reco.f^nized  for  this  work  by  the  members  of  the  Kiv/anis  Club, 
many  of  whom  aro  not  Polish. 

Yesterday  was  indeed  an  eventful  day   in  the  life  of  LIJ?.  Kov/alski,  v^ho  not 
only  became  president  of  this  organization  but  also  received  a  promotion 


c 


t  / 


n  A  2 

17 


--  2  ^ 


Dziennik  Chicagoski^  Jan.  11,  1928 


POLISH 


at  his  place  of  enployment.  He  v;as  appointed  vice-president  of  the  North- 
western Trust  and  Savings  Ban!:,  headed  by  John  F.  Smulski.  Conf^ratulationsI 


^ 


/  .' 


■  -.-f  •ftir-">  ■■■;■■  *  -i  -u 


-— -'*»!¥•»•  *■  ■  -T-%^  -'^^fmrr    -J*My*' 


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Dziennik  Ghicagoski,  Jan.  9,  1928. 


A  NET.:  POLISH  FINAITOIAL  IiISTITUTION 


^alf-tone_^  one  column-eighth  of  a  page,  profile  of  Attorney  Ilex  A.  Drezmal, 
president^y 

^alf-tone,  one  column-eis^th  of  a  page,  profile  of  August  Klinek,  vice- 
presidentjj/ 

^alf-tone,  one_coluinn-eighth  of  a  pa^e,  profile  of  Dr.  Leon  P.  Kozakiewicz, 
vice-president^ 

^alf-tone,  one  column-eighth  of  a  page,  profile  of  E.  J.  Odalski,  secretary 
and  cashierjJ7 

Of  recent  days,  on  the  northv/est  side  of  Chicago,  a  new  Polish  financial 
institution  has  been  established.  The  founders  are  persons  v;ho  daily  come 
across  problems  that  require  imraediate  assistance,  but  these  honest  people 
have  no  other  form  of  security  than  their  good  character. 


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Dziennik  Chicagoski,  Jan,  9,  1928. 


POLISH 


This  new  financial  institution  is  called  the  "Chicago  Industrial  Finance 
Corporation."  The  offices  of  this  company  will  be  found  in  the  Llilwaukee 
Avenue  neighborhood,  Division  and  Ashland  Avenue.  As  soon  as  the  offices 
are  opened  then  the  Polish  people  will  be  able  to  make  loans  and  pay  them 
back  in  installments  to  suit  their  purse. 

The  officers  of  this  organization  are  as  follows:  L!ax  A.  Drezmal,  president; 
Dr.  L.  P.  Koza}:iev/icz,  first  vice-president;  August  Klimek,  second  vice- 
president;  E.  J,  Odalski,  secretary  and  cashier. 


The  directors  are:  Attorney  H.  A.  Dreziaal,  Dr.  F.  A.  Dulaic,  Dr.  7J.  2. 
Grogolinski,  August  Klimek,  August  J.  Kowalski ,  Dr.  L.  P.  Kozakiev/icz, 
Joseph  Makarski ,  Ed.  J.  Odalski,  and  A.  S.  V/engierski. 

From  the  above,  it  is  self-evideht  that  this  new  company  is  made  up  of 
well-known  Polish  individuals,  who  are  prominent  in  the  business  world. 
Their  names  are  a  guarantee  of  success. 

The  capital  of  this  financial  institution  has  been  based  on  the  laws  of 


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Dziennilc  Chicagoski,  Jan.  9,  1928. 


the  State  of  Illinoi;s,  and  araounts  to  ,;200,000.  This  sui.i  v/ill  be  deposited 
in  the  Ilorthivestern  Bank.  This  bank  has  also  been  asked  to  act  as  trustee. 

The  Chicago  Industrial  Finance  Corporation  is  the  tvjelfth  of  its  kind  in 
Chicago  and  vicinity.  It  is  or.^anized  under  the  system  kno\vn  as  the 
Security  System,  Inc.  A.  C.  Schauer,  vice-president  of  the  Security  System, 
Inc.,  took  an  active  interest  in  -etting  this  tv;elfth  organization  in  order. 


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Dziennik  Chicagoskl,   Jan,  4,   1923, 

ALBj5^T  V;ACHG7/SKI»S  building    J^^  LO^^T  ASSOCIATION 

CELEBRATES  oILV^uR  AmiVERS.:^^ 
Silver  Cup  i'resented  to  Founder 


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"•-v.' 


The  last  day  of  the  old  year  marked  the  celebration  of  the  n.lbert  'achowski 
Building  and  Loan  Association's  silver  anniversary  at  the  main  office,  3032 
West  22nd  Street,  .lany  people  of  St.  Gasiair^s  parish  gathered  to  congratulate 
the  founder,  Albert  Vachowski,  and  to  wish  him  health  and  prosperity  for  another 
twenty-five  years.  Along  with  these  greetings  words  of  appreciation  v/ere 
extended  to  the  celebrant  for  his  xantiring  work  in  the  community,  vmich  has 
inade  it  possible  for  thousands  to  own  homes.  Credit  also  was  extended  him  for 
making  possible  the  establishment  of  several  Polish  banks  on  the  South  Side. 


At  a  special  reception,  John  Czekala,  president  of  the  Polish  Building  and 
Loan  Association  League,  gave  the  highlights  of  Ivlr.  V/achov7ski*s  carBer.  It  was 
a  worthy  tribute  to  this  highly  popular  Polish  financier. 


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Dzlennlk  Chicagoski>  Jan.  4,  1928 


POLISH 


"Idr.  ./achowski,"'  said  J.  Czekala,  "v;ell  understood  the  plight  of  the  Polish 
people,  and  he  knev/  that  cnly  through  savincs  could  they  find  a  place  in 
the  American  scheue  of  things.  That  is  why  he  or^ianized  a  building  and 
loan  co-.pany.  which  enabled  tae  ?oli:-3  i  people  to  sav.^  money  at  a  profit. 
In  tie  twenty-five  years  of  business,  he  has  been  able  to  build  this 
organization  into  a  million  and  a  quarter  dollar  institution.  True,  from 
the  beginning,  like  any  other  organization,  many  difficulties  had  to  be 
faced,  hov;ever,  the  future  of  this  association  was  assured,  for  "t.  .achoivski 
knew  how  to  convince  the  people  of  the  necessity  of  saving." 

"Several  years  ago,  tiiis  organization  .^ecLiue  the  mother  of  two  Polish  banks; 
namely,  the  : Marshall  Square  'tate  -^ank  and  the  Brighton  lark  State  Bank;  he 
is  president  of  both.  And,  indeed,  it  is  an  honor  for  me  to  present  this  esteoi.aed 
Polish  financier  with  this  beautiful  silver  cup  in  honor  of  his  many  achieveme-its," 
concluded  the  spea'cer  as  he  presented  the  cup  to  'j?.  'Jachowski. 


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Dziennik  Chicagoski,  Jan.  4,  1928. 


POLISH 


Anthony  './lodarski,  prominent  businessman  of  To^vn  of  Lake,  in  offering 
felicitations,  pointed  out  that  Mr.  V/achowski  will  celebrate  his  seventieth 
birthday  on  Llarch  15. 

The  third  speaker  was  J".  P.  Grzeraski,  secretary  of  the  Polish  Building  and 
Loan  Association  League.  He  was  followed  by  Roman  Cieslewicz,  who  spoke 
about  the  barriers  encountered  in  forming  the  entire  organization. 

"Thousands  of  persons  have  benefited  by   the  generosity  of  Ito.  Jachowski. 
Today,  they  own  homes  and  other  real  estate  oroperty,"  pointed  our  Yx. 
Cieslewicz. 


The  following  speakers  followed:  Paul  Andricka,  of  Kensington;  Albert 
Mazur,  of  Phoenix;  Paul  3zepietowski;  also  of  Phoenix;  and  finally  the 
celebrant,  who  has  been  a  resident  of  Chicago  for  the  past  forty-eight 
years. 


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Dziennik  Chlcagoskl,  Jan.  4,  1928. 


After  i»ir.  V/achowski's  speech,  a  deli^^tful  dinner  vms  served.  Besides  those 
mentioned,  the  following  took  part  at  the  table:  Attorney  Leon  './achowski, 
vice-president  of  the  Bri^^hton  Park  State  Bank;  Ksawery  Czastka,  treasurer 
of  the  Marshall  Square  State  Bank;  Joseph  T.  V/achowski;  Joseph  Smuczynski, 
mayor  and  judge  of  Phoenix,  Illinois;  -albert  Czarny;  A.  Mistarz;  Valentine 
Jasienski;  John  rlamka;  Stanislaus  Jzmergalski;  John  Daniel;  3.  Ostapczuk; 
and  many  others,  ilr.  Viacho?/ski * s  organization  has  opened  its  hundredth 
series  this  week. 


A  Biographical  Sketch  of  A.  /fachowski 

Albert  'Jachowski  was  born  Llarch  Id,  1858  in  Stara  Wies  (Old  Village)  at 
Gniezno  (Gnesen)  in  the  province  of  Posen.  He  left  his  parents,  Francis  and 
Josephine  (nee  Kwapiszewska)  V/achowski,  after  serving  in  the  German  army 
and  sailed  for  America.  He  found  his  home  in  Chicago.  From  the  beginning, 


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Dziennik  Chlcagoski,  Jan.  4,  1928 


POLISH 


young  Albert  followed  the  carpenter's  trade.  Soon  after  he  beca.'ne  interested 
in  the  building  trade,  and  later  ho  became  a  merchant. 

For  over  forty  years,  he  has  occupied  himself  with  the  buildinp;  and  loan 
business.  In  1892,  the  youn^?  im.iii.^rant  organized  the  Pulaski  Building  and 
Loan  Association  at  St.  Casimir's  parish.  Seven  years  later,  i-LLbert  "/achowski 
founded  another  such  firm  in  Town  of  Lake  under  the  name  of  Prince  '7itold 
(a  famous  Lithuanian  prince )•  Two  years  later,  he  established  the  John 
Sobieski  III  Building  and  Loan  Association  in  .Vest  Hammond,  Indiana.  In 
1902,  he  incorporated  the  rvlbert  Vachowski  Building  and  Loan  Association  for 
ninety-nine  years, with  a  capital  of  five  million  dollars.  This  organization 
played  a  big  part  in  grovrbh  of  Chicago  and  its  environs.  It  helped  many 
Polish  people  to  build  or  purchase  homes  in  Kensington,  './est  Pullman,  Blue 
Island,  Phoenix,  Harvey,  V/ost  Harvey,  oouth  Chicago,  Chicago  Heights,  and 
Fosen,  Illinois. 


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Dzlennik  Chicagoski.  Jan.  4,  1928 


POLISH 


^cl. 


In  Town  of  Lake,  another  loan  association  v/as  founded  by  Ilr.  '.'achov/ski  in 
1903*  It  was  a  Lithuanian  institution  and  named  for  Fr.  Vincent  Barzynski. 
Another  was  founded  in  '^ary,  Indiana  in  1911,  bearing  his  name.  During  that 
same  year,  he  was  instruraental  in  establishing  the  Polish  Building  and  Loan 
Association  League  of  Illinois,  At  present  he  is  treasurer  of  this  organization. 

In  1906,  A.V/achov/ski  purchased  a  large  tract  of  land  on  the  Southwest  Side  of 
Chicago,  called  Crawford,  and  established  a  new  community,  Cracov/.  He  also 
helped  to  found  the  parish  of  the  Good  Shepherd. 


On  Feb.  24,  1884,  he  married  Miss  Constance  Korzeriexvski,  dauc^hter  of  John 
and  Frances  ICorzeniewski .  Out  of  this  marriage,  there  were  nine  children, 
five  sons  and  four  daughters.  His  oldest  son,  Leon  A.  7.'achov/ski ,  is  an 
attorney  and  vice-president  of  the  Marshall  Square  State  Bank;  his  second 
son,  Stanislaus  A.  'achowski,  is  a  corporal  in  the  United  States  Army. 


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Dziennik  Chicagoslci ,   Jan.  4,   1928 


POLISH 


^ilugene,  his  third  son,  is  assistant  cashier  at  the  Marshall  Square  State 
Bank,  The  fourth  son,  Casimir,  is  attending  Northwestern  University, 
■^^'hile  his  youngest  son,  Thaddeus,  is  studyinp;  medicine. 

Joanna,  his  dau-hter,  is  the  wife  of  the  manager  and  treasurer  of  the 
I^Iarshall  Square  State  Bank,  Ksawery  Czastka.  Another  daughter,  Yeronica, 
married  lo*.  Polczynski;  Liary,  his  third  daughter,  has  become  Ilrs.  "/indham; 
and  his  fourth,  Gertrude,  is  attending  a  musical  school. 

Albert  ..'achowski  attained  all  his  business  achievements  by  working  hard, 
and  St.  Casi-iiir*s  parish  can  be  rightfully  proud  of  him  for  organizing 
the  ::arshall  Square  State  Bank^  3113  ^Vest  22nd  Street,  and  the  Brighton 
Park  -itate  lank,  archer  i^venue,  near  i^edzie.  As  we  said  before,  he  is 
president  of  both. 


X 


YoT   many  years,  .Ir.  v;£.chov;ski  has  belonged  to  many  Polish  societies,  both 


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Dziennik  Chicagoski,  Jan.  4,  1928 


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national  and  welfare.  lie  is  a  i7ie;r.ber  of  lonr',  standing  in  the  Polish 
National  Alliance  and  the  Polish  Roman  Catholic  Union.  Since  he  came  to 
Chicago,  he  has  taken  active  part  in  Polish  afiairs.  ^.ecently,  he  has 
been  distinguished  by   the  Polish  government  for  his  ^;ork  in  Polish  af^'^airs 
during  the  ./orld  ;ar» 


:/e  hope  that  the  celebrant  will  continue  in  gocd  health,  and  reach  his  fiftieth 
anniversary  in  his  organization. 


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Dziennik  Chicagoski,  Jan.   3,   1928 


SZYIiCZAK  NMHED  VICS-PRiCSIDSNT  OF  POLISH  B/iNK 
Many  People  Call  Personally  to  Offer  Their  Congratulations;     T.iany 

Flowers  Sent, 

^alf -tone-one  coluirin-eighth  of  a  page,  viev/  of  Kowalki,  showing  Szymczak 
bank  vauljb/ 

At  the  "7/hite  House",  located  at  Milv/aukee  .\venue  and  V/est  Division  Street, 
the  home  of  the  Polish  banking  institution,  the  Northwestern  Trust  and  Savings 
Bank,  hundreds  of  good  wishers  came  to  congratulate  Professor  M.  S.  Szymczak 
on  his  new  appointment  as  vice-president  of  the  bank.  Crowds  began  to  gather 
ii.imediately  after  the  business  closing  hours  last  Saturday  afternoon  to  wish 
him  well.  Flowers  and  telegrams  were  sent  throughout  the  day.  Many  friends, 
businessmen,  and  politicians  called  in  person  also. 

The  nev/  vice-president  passed  out  cigars  to  the  men  and  chocolates  to  the 
ladies  as  a  token  of  appreciation  for  their  kind  and  generous  wishes.  This, 


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Dzlennlk  Chicagoski,  Jan.  3,  1928. 


POLISH 


/'> 


indeed,  was  a  great  occasion  for  him  to  celebrate  the  Christmas  holidays  anon^^ 
his  friends •  Professor  Szyrriczak,  having  held  the  position  as  Superintendent  of 
the  Cook  County  Forest  Preserves,  without  doubt  will  be  able  to  handle  the  vari- 
ous problems  that  may  arise  during  his  initiatory  days  of  his  new  position. 
His  wide  popularity  will  be  of  frreat  service  to  him. 


Baskets  of  flowers  in  honor  of  the  occasion  were  sent  by:  Anton  J,  Cermak, 
President  of  the  Cook  County  Board;  John  Jaranov^ski,  T'ayor  of  Calumet  City; 
Thaddeus  Szymczak,  brother  of  11.   S.  Szymczak;  Francis  J.   Wilson,  Cook  County 
Commissioner;  The  Democratic  Organization  of  the  41st  1^'ard;  The  Cook  County 
Forest  Preserves'  Police  Department.  Congratulatory  telegrams  were  sent  by: 
Dziennik  Chicagoski;  E,  J.  Hasten  of  the  Chicago  Journal;  Charles  Climer, 
president  of  the  Illinois  Building  and  Loan  Association  League;  Dr.  James  J. 
Losty  of  De  Paul  University;  T.  L.  Frankenthal  of  the  Equitable  Bond  and  Mortgage 
Company;  Robert  Boniel,  director  of  the  Edgev/ater  Beach  Hotel;  Henry  Fabian 
of  the  First  National  Bank;  'Villiam  3.  Dever,  former  mayor;  and  others. 


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Dziennik  Chicagoski.  Jan.  3,  1928« 


POLISH 


Some  of  the  city^s  leading  citizens  v/ho  called  in  person  were: 

Thomas  Grordon,  business  manager  of  Dziennik  Chicagoski;  A>  ¥•   Lakowka, 

advertising  manager  of  Dziennik  Chicagoski;  Anton  J.  Cermak;  Alderman     <„ 

J.   Toman;  Francis  J.  Wilson;  Chick  Evans,  well-knovm  professional  golf 

star;  John  Jaranowski;  A.  Kingery,  manager  of  the  Chicago  Regional  Planning 

Association;  Stanislaus  H*  Klarkowski,  Municipal  Judge;  Peter  Rostenkowski, 

treasurer  of  the  P.  R.  C»  U.  and  Albert  Soska,  president  of  the  Polish  Alma. 

Mater. 


August  J.  Kowalski,  treasurer  of  the  Northv/estern  Trust  and  Savings  Bank, 
wished  Professor  Szymczak  the  best  of  luck  in  his  new  position. 


The  Northwestern  Trust  and  Savings  bank  is  popularly  known  as  Smulski's  Bank 


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Dziennik  Zjednoczenia,  Oct.  10,  1927.  /•' ^,^  . 'q^\ 
A  KffiETING  OF  THE  CHICAGO  POLISH  CHAf£BER  O^XJOT^HCE 


The  next  neetin^  of  the  C'lica^;©  Polish  Chamber  of  Commerce,  will  be  held  on  Friday 
October  14th  in  the  board  of  directors  hall,  of  the  Ashland  State  Eaiik,  at  Eighteenth 
street  and  Ashland  Ave.,  at  7:30  F.U.       All  members,  and  ^-particularly  those  interested 
in  making  business  contacts  with  merchant?^  of  Poland,  are  requested  to  be  present. 


f^r.  K.  Piatkiewicz,  Secretary 


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Dziennik  ZJednoczenia.  Sept.  13,  192? • 


C 


$37,8000,000,    INVESTED  III  POLISH  BLDG,   AlvT)  LOAK  AS31T. 


POLISH 


Polish  "building  and  loan  associations  have  acouired  a  place  of  importance  and  influence 
in  the  Political  and  financial  world.   The  Polish  Building  and   Loa.r  Assn.  held  its 
semi-annual  meeting  at  the  Fipst  Hall,  1700  V/est  Twenty- first  St.  About  200  rerresenta- 
tives  of  building  association  of  various  parts  of  the  city  were  present.   The  chair- 
man of  this  meeting  was  I'r.  John  Czekala,  and  the  function  of  secretary  v;as  performed 
hy  I'r.  J,  Kiemiec,  Following  the  reading  of  tlie  minutes  of  the  association, Mr.  A. 
'iVlodarski  v/as  rec^uested  to  sr^eak.  As  his  subject  he  chose  to  analyze  and  clarify  mauiy 
new  resolutioiB  '^doT^ted  by  the  National  Bldg^and  Loan  Assn,  during  the  convention  in 
Ashville,  IT,  C.   In  his  adclress  he  emphasized  the  many  imtiortant  factors  which  will 
have  a  tendency  to  increase  the  volume  of  business  in  the  coming  year. 


!/r.  Wlodarski  was  followed  by  Mr.  Hybicki,  for  the  Polish  31dg,  and  Loan  Assn^  who 
said,  that  the  association  is  daily  increasing  its  influence  and  carjital.   Thanks  to 
this  asssociatior;   tKe  Polish  name  is  receiving  favorable  publicity  in  many  financial 
journals.  Mr.  Hybicki  said:   "The  American  neople  claim,  that  every  Pole  is  vested 
with  a  keen  business  knov/ledge,  in  addition  to  being  very  thriftyV  He  also  invited  all 
to  attend  the  state  convention  of  the  Bldg.  and  Loan  Assn.  which  is  scheduled  to  take 
place  on  October  11,  12,  and  13,  in  Oal:  Park,  Illinois. 


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Dziennik  ^jednoczenia,  Sept.  13,  1927, 


POLISH 


Mr,  Albert  Wfihov/ski  who  is  known  as  the  father  of  the  Polish  Bldg.  and  Loan  Assn., 

and  who  is  also  a  well-known  "banker  in  I'a.rshall  Souare,  submitted  ver^y'  interesting 

statistics  shov/ing  the  growth  of  the  association.  He  said,  "T\venty-two  years  ago 

I  attended  a  similar  convention  in  Peoria,  Illinois,  the  Polish  association  then  had  a 

surplus  capital  of  ^1,500,000.  Today, the  fin^mcial  statement  reveals  a  balance 

of  $37,800^000."  At  this  Doint^ those  present, at  the  meeting,  passed  a  resolution 

to  apr^oint  a  speaker  for  the  convention  in  Oak  Park. 

The  Polish  Lea^^ue  offers  a  silver  cup  as  a  reward  for  the  best  address  made  at  the 
convention.  Following  this  meeting  a  din/ier  was  served,  after  the  dinner  they  danced 
into  the  wee  hours  of  the  morning. 


.-'r!»KWs'*^r'-««rsr?^*?  -•m^'  jr".j ',«»!.'  *  ^ 


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Dzlennlk  Z.iednoozenla.   Vol.  VI,    No.   179,   Aug.  2,    1926. 

OPENING  OF  POLISH  HOTEL 
I;;R.   FR.INK  DSIviSTSR,    EIIGIKSSR  IS  OVfflER 


I-  If  A.  « 


The  opening  of  the  very  beautiful  Ashland  I/anor  Hotel,  404  S.  Ashland  Ave., 
whose  owners  are  Frank  and  Sophia  Deleter,  took  place  last  Saturday, 

Mr.  Demeter  made  himself  kxiown  to  the  Poles  in  Chicago  as  an  outstanding 
engineer,  who,  in  his  time  was  entrusted  with  the  building  of  the  tunnel  in 
the  southern  part  of  the  city  of  Boston.  He  has  conducted  sih.ilar  work  in 
New  York  and  other  cities  of  the  United  States.  He  is  a  brother-in-law  of 
l!r.  Zygriiunt  Stefanowioz,  chief  editor  of  the  publications  of  the  Polish 
R.  G.  Union. 

l!rs.  Sophia  Demeter  is  the  daughter  of  :.:rs.  .7.  Chodzinski,  Director  of  the 
Polish  .^omen's  Alliance,  and  v/ell  known  as  a  worker  in  the  national  and 
social  plane. 

The  hotel  has  I60  large  and  beautifully  furnished  rooms,  also  an  extraordi- 
narily equipped  lobby  which  is  enhanced  by  furniture  acquired  from  the 


pl^>««*H^L -'T  - 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


o 


W.Fl  B 


Dzlennik  Z.iednoczenia,  Vol.  VI,  Mo.  179,  Aug*  2,  1926* 


Palmer  House,  as  for  example,  a  olook  worth  several  thousand  dollars;  a  set 
of  furniture  from  a  room  v/hioh  at  one  time  .vas  occupied  by  presidents  of  the 
United  States,  Grant  and  Cleveland,  also  the  famous  singers,  Patti  and  Tetraz- 
zini;  and  a  mirror  of  artistic  out,  bought  from  a  certain  Protestant  congrega- 
tion. The  lobby  also  has  a  fountain  and  numerous  pictures,  some  of  these 
brought  over  from  Poland  by  Irs.   Chodzinski. 

The  hotel  was  built  at  a  cost  of  j; 65, 000.  The  popularity  of  Mr.  Demeter  among 
Americans  is  so  great,  that  all  of  the  rooms  in  "ttie  hotel  were  rented  the  very 
first  day  it  was  opened. 

l!r.  Demeter,  as  is  becomin^;  a  good  Pole,  employs  mostly  Polish  people. 

Last  Saturday,  which  was  the  opening  day,  a  banquet  v/as  held  in  the  diningroom 
of  the  hotel,  to  which  all  of  Lr .  Demeter*  6  relatives  and  numerous  friends  were 
invited. 


L!r.  Demeter,  as  we  are  informed,  intends  to  have  two  more  similar  hotels  built 
in  the  near  future. 


II  A  2 

III  A 
III  H 


PCLI3H 


Dziennik  Zjednoczenia,    '/ol.    XXVI,    ^o.    230.    Mov.    25.    1922. 


MEETING    CF  PCLICH  P.dJK'ZRn   AT  iJHICJaGG. 


iditorial. 


o 


Meetlnf  of  Polis.i  bankers  at  Chicui^ol      Is  this  a  fable  or  is  it  net  a  fable? 
Because  wherefore  the  polisa  bankers?  X'e  have  knovm  only  one  or  tv;o.   Tut 
why  this  meeting  of  Polish  bankers  in  great  nuiibers? 

Butf  neverthelesst  such  a  meeting  took  place  last  ^londay,  as  v/e  infer  led  you / 
in  yesterday's  edition  of  our  newspaper,   /ibout  forty  six  persons  participated 
in  this  rneetin^.   About  thirty  of  these  were  bankers,  or  in  the  strict  sense 
of  the  wordt  connected  with  the  banking  industry. 

This  was  the  first,  as  far  as  we  know,  laeetin^  of  tnis  kina,  and  tae  first  in 
tiie  presence  of  an  official  representative  of  the  Republic  of  Poland. 

The  bank  generally  is  the  foundation  of  the  econonic.il  development  of  every 
conimunity.  V/ithout  a  bunk,  neither  commerce  nor  industry  can  be  'developed. 


'o  ; 


i^CLISlI 


-2- 

Dziennlk  Zjednoczenia,  Vol.  XXVI.  No.  280,  IJov*  29.  1522. 

The  banks  are  the  symbol  of  prosperity  in  every  countrvt  and  the  more  solid 
banks  a  country  has,  the  more  powerful  and  richer  it  is. 

If  the  Poles  in  America  would  have  the  ri^,ht  amount  of  rich  bnnkr  in  proportion 
to  their  population,  it  would  not  be  swept  around  as  it  is  today  by  other  nation- 
alities in  America.  'Ve  would  occupy  then  hi£;her  offices  in  politics,  commerce,  and 
industry.  V/e  would  be  influential  in  directing  the  affairs  of  the  country.   We 
would  offer  proof  of  our  vitality  and  independence.   V/ithout  our  own  banks  we  are 
tools  in  the  hands  of  others.   Others  are  operating  our  money,  in  a  great  measure 
to  our  disadvantage,  and  we  seem  to  be  satisfied  with  any  i:ort  of  percentage. 

That  is  not  all,  if  we  would  own  more  banks  in  America,  we  v.ould  be  able  to  have 
stricter  commercial  and  industrial  relations  witn  Poland,  which  ib  in  ^-reat  need 
of  capital.   The  Polish  banks  could  take  over  into  their  o\ta   a^nds  control  of  ex- 
port and  import  between  Poland  and  America. 

Not  having  any  banks,  our  good  desires  in  regard  to  Poland  do  not  represent  any 
meaning. 


-3- 


?aisH 


Dzlennik  Z.jednoczenia,    Vol.    XXTI.    r'o.    250,    !:ov,    29t    1922. 


'e  L~ee  two  rea- 


xind  why  ;-io  v;e  not  hove  as.  raany  rolish  banks  as  v;e  :-ho:ild? 
sens — t;ie  firct  is  taut  tne  Folib:i  community  in  Anierica  does  not  icno-.v  the  trae 
value  of  rclisn  banks.   Tney  are  not  safricientiy  infor:;ied;  tn^^y  do  not  possess 
any  knowledge  in  tnis  respect.   The  other  reason  is  tntit  tne  polisn  bunkers, 
which  've  have  iiad  up  to  thi:.  time,  do   not  unite;  iid  not  support  tiieir.selves  ivj- 
tually;  did  not  laake  it  easier  for  otners  to  esta' lish  bunks.   The  field  for 
polish  banks  i^^-  lar^^e,  because  tnere  i.^  a  snortare  of  bunkers. 

The  meeting  of  laft  i.Ionday  has  tnis  for  itself.   It  brin^^s  closer,  unites,  and 
directs  to  one  point  tne  Polish  bankers.   "xchan|:e  of  opinion?:,  talk  about  Po- 
lish business  and  about  tyinp  relations  on  the  financial  path  with  Poland  is  so 
great  J:ind  unusual  in  our  reluticnjr  thut  we  do  not  hesitate  to  consider  this  fact 
as  the  beginning  of  a  nev/  era  in  our  industrial  and  social  life  in  ;iinerica. 

V/e  place  the  meeting  of  the  Polish  bankers  in  Chicago,  not  among  fables,  but  into 
the  live  history  of  the  Polish  emigration. 


II  A  2 


POLISH 


Dzlennlk  Chicago ski >  Feb,  22,  1922. 


REPORTER'S  NOTES 


'J 


a  nn. 


Several  days  ago  a  new  Polish  business  concern  was  incorporated,  the  Chicago 
Pure  Milk  Company,  1727  West  Diyision  Street*  At  the  head  of  this  company 
are  Mr.  Alois  Kwiatkowski,  Mrs.  Anne  Prusinska,  and  Mr.  Joseph  W.  Prusinski. 


■VRT^vnnv 


^^  - 


II  A  2 


Dziennlk  Chlcag08ki«  Feb,  16,  1922. 
/vmsl  FROM  THE  TOWN  OF  LAKE 


POLISH 


o^. 


\5  ^^^-s] 


The  building  and  loan  association  and  savings  bank  which  operates  under  the 
name  of  the  Sherman  Park  Building  and  Loan  Association  holds  its  meetings 
every  Thursday  night  at  Messrs*  Karwowski's  and  Jakubowski^s  place , 
5159  South  Racine  Avenue • 


pas? 


II  A  2 


POLISH 


Dziennlk  Chicagoski,  Feb»  11,  1922, 


REPORTER  VS  NOTEIS 


A  short  time  ago  a  new  Polish  business  was  opened  at  4407  South  Mozart  Street* 
It  is  a  large  bakery,  the  owner  of  vjhich  is  I!r.  Joseph  A.  Euttny,  the  well- 
known  son  of  old  settlers  of  Bridgeport,  LIr.  Theophil  Buttny  and  Mrs.  Angelica 
Buttny, 


c^ 


II! 


II  A  2 


POLISH 


Dzlennik  Chlcagoski,  Feb*  11,  1922 • 


NOTICE 


Another  Polish  business  enterprise  has  been  established  in  the  Bridgeport 
district.  It  is  a  coffee  and  tea  store  at  1041  West  31st  Place.  The  owner 
is  I.!r.  Joseph  Derdzinski. 


en 


PSE- 


, .  :r'   ^— .  I , 


II  A  2 


POLISH 


Dzlennlk  Chleagoskla  Feb*  11,  1922 


NOTICE 


Not  long  ago  the  brothers  Nowicki  opened  a  shoe  store  at  3207  South  Morgan  Street • 
The  store  carries  the  latest  styles  and  models  of  shoes.  The  manager  is  tHr. 
Stanislas  Nowicki*  ^ 


r 


II  A  2 


POLISH 


Dzleimik  Chlcaeoski,  Feb.  11,  1922. 


REPORTER'S  N0T3S 


Recently  a  new  building  and  loan  association  was  organized,  the  Julian 

Buildinr  and  Loan  Association,  located  in  the  real-estate  office  of 

Mr.  Bruno  Mindak,  1400  Kortli  Ashland  Avenue,  comer  Blackhawk  Street,  second 

floor. 

All  wishing  to  become  members  of  this  newly  organized  Association  are  asked  to 
come  to  the  meetine  which  will  take  place  on  Tuesday,  Februarj^  22,  at  the 
above-mentioned  address.     At  this  meeting  the  officers  of  the  Association  will 
be  elected.     Editor's  note:     February  22,  1922,  was  Wednesday,  not  Tuesdayjj7 


5> 


o 


CO 
CD 


II  A  2 
II  F 


POLISH 


Dzlennlk  Chlcagoskl,  Feb.  10,  1922 • 

/m^sl  FROM  BRIGHTON  PARK 

Mr.  Francis  Patka  intends  to  move  in  the  next  few  days  to  his  ovm  building  es- 
pecially constructed  for  an  undertaking  establishment,  at  44th  and  South  Richmond 
Streets.  There  will  be  a  beautiful  chapel  on  the  first  floor;  he  will  live  with 
his  family  on  the  upper  floor.  ^ 


r- 
r 


II  A  2 
II  F 


POLISH 


Dzlennik  Chicagoskl,  Feb.  10,  1922. 
/News/"  roCM  BRIGHTON  PARK 

l!r.  Francis  Litoborski,  who  lived  in  the  Town  of  Lake  district  for  many  years, 
has  moved  to  Brighton  Park,  where  he  has  opened  a  first-class  bakery  in  his  own 
newly  constructed  building  at  4278  Archer  Avenue.  There  is  no  larger,  more 
modern  bakery  in  the  whole  district.  :^ 


II  A  ; 

III  D 
1  G 


POUdB 


DziennJk:  Chieagoski,   Feb.   7,   1922. 


OIU  OF  OURS 

kr.  Leo  J.   7;iniecki  v;as  born  in  Chicago,  April  24,  1876,  in  St.  Stanislaus 
Kosttca's  parish.  His  elementary  education  v/as  received  in  the  parish  school, 
but  when  his  father  died  as  a  result  of  an  unfortunate  accident,  young  Leo 
had  to  look  for  work  to  help  his  mother  support  five  small  children,  all  his 
juniors.  He  ivas  successful  in  finding  emplojmient  in  one  of  the  larger  print 
shops  downtovvn,  where  he  continued  to  work  for  fourteen  years. 

In  1906  he  bought  a  half  interest  in  the  print  shop  of  Wir»nich  and  U3'm, 
which  thus  became  V/irmich  and  Winiecki.   in  1918  he  bought  the  rest  of  the 
stock  of  the  company,  and  the  fina,  now  unaer  the  narxO  of  the  security 
Printing  Company,  belongs  only  to  him  and  is  solely  under  his  management. 
Thanks  to  the  energy  and  the  enterprise  of  Lr.  V/iniecki  the  business 
increases  daily,  patronized  widely  by  Poles  as  well  as  by  people  of  other 
nationalities. 


A 


II  A  2 

III  D 
I  G 


•  Z  -^ 


Dzleimllc  Chlcagoskl,  Feb.  7,  1922» 


POLISH 


IB  clvlo  and  social  life  Mr«  Wlnlecicl  is  also  very  activd.  He  is 
president  of  the  Holy  Name  of  Jesus  Society  .*n  St.  Stanislaus  Bishop  and 
Martyr's  parish  in  Cragin,  a  trustee  of  the  High  Court  of  the  Order  of 
Catholic  Foresters,  and  a  member  of  many  years •  standing  of  the  Polish  Alma 
Mater,  the  Polish  Roman  Catholic  Uiiion,  the  St.  Casimir  Society  of  St. 

Stanislaus  K08tka*8  parish,  the  Knights  of  Columbus  (fourth  degree),  tne 
Ladislas  Jaglello  Citizens  Club  of  Cragin,  and  the  Oriental  Circle* 
Mr*  Wlniecki  is  president  of  the  North  Side  Printers*  Association, 
president  of  the  Polish  Gold  Star  Mothers'  and  Fathers'  Association, 
treasurer  of  Lodge  Number  1020,  Order  of  Catholic  Foresters,  and  a 
director  of  the  Fullerton  State  Bank. 

In  March,  1911,  Mr*  Winiecki  was  a  candidate  for  alderman,  but  because 

he  was  not  widely  known,  he  suffered  defeat*  In  1914  he  was  appointed  a 

mottber  of  the  Labor  Arbitration  Board  by  Governor  Dunne*  In  this 

capacity  he  was  able  to  render  valuable  services  to  the  workingraen,  who 
gained  better  working  conditions  and  better  wages.  The  best  proof  of  his 


!*■« 


ll  A  2 

ill  D 

I  a 


-  3  - 


POLISH 


Dziennlk  Jhieagoski>   Feb.   7,   192^ • 


popiilarity  v/as  his  re-electior   as  a  trustee  of  the  High  Court  of  Foresters, 
in  which,   though  there  are  only  eighteen  polish  delegates,   he  has  always 
held  fourth  place  anong  thirteen  candidates  for  the  office^     During  the 
Liberty  Loan  campaign  he  was  ve*^  active,   with  the  result  that  tae  polish 
Foresters  bought  more  thaxi  ^50,000  worth  of  bends* 

On  August  30,   1898,  Lr.  V/iniecki   m.arriea  Lliss  Ottilia  Szymanska  in  ot. 
Josaphat*s  Church.     The  m-arriage  was  blessed  with  five  children,    of  whom 
only  three  are   alive.     Their  nineteen-year-old  son  lildward  gave  his  life  on 
the  field  oT  glor^"  in  the  v;ar  against  the  Prussians o 

Mr*  Winiecki  and  his  family  are  members  of  ot.  Stanislaus  Bishop  and  Martyr»s 
parish  in  Cragin.     He  lives  at  4421  .Jtgeld  Street,    and  his  business  is 
located  at  2140  and  2142  Glyboum  ^tvenue* 


'O 


^••!!!!S?!sL-v=^.*.. 


II  A  '' 


x^     ^ 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Chic-iroslci ,   reb.    6,   19I'"3. 


Cia^  OF  CTRS 


L.r.   Francis  iciv/lov/ski  v;as  born  on  Januiiry  u,    137:::,    in  Poland,    in  the  province 
of  Por.orania  and  in  the  villa:-e   of  honiojady.     V.lien  he  v;as  only  Sieven  years 
old,   he  had  tc   ;;or::  after   school  to  help  hi::;  v/ido"//ed  nether,     Lnv;illinr  to 
subriit  to  Prussian  oppression,   he  ♦er.ii,'i*r'";ted  to  i-yr.ierica  \;hen  he  v/as  only  fil'te^ 
He   cai.ie   directly  tc  Ghicar-o  v;here   he  '..'orhed  I'or  several  years   in  v:.rious 
factories   a:i.i  s:  or.s.      In  the   evenings  lie  attended  nigiit   school,    since  he  had 
decided  to   learn  the  Unglisli  lan^ua.  e   and   secure   a   setter  place  for  himself 
in  society. 

A  lover  of  music,   lie  practiced  this  art   in  his   spare  time,   and  -uhen  a  vacancy 
occurred  in  the  post  of  cr^^anist  in  ^t.   Stanislas  Bishop  and  Lartyr*s  Church, 
the  pastor  of  the  church,   the  Reverend  John  Cbyrtacz,    offered  him  the  place, 
v;hich  he  held  fur  twelve  years.     VHien  his   salary  in  this  T;;osition  becariie 
insufficient  to  support  his  rather  larce  family,   he  opened,   as  a  sideline,   a 


in. 


3> 


CD 


cr 


"  —-•^,-^-^ 


II 


A  2 


POLISH 


Dzienni':  Chlcn.-^oski,  ?eb.  fj 


real-estate  office  \:   icli  proved  to  ije  so  "-roi  itable  a  business  venture  that 
Lr.  Pav/lowski  :;as  forced  to  resif:n  i.s  organist;  he  uas  succeeded  by  his  old- 
est sen,  Francis, 


Lieanv/hile  the  Gra:'in  district  v;as  nro'.jin^  rupidl3",  and  the  need  for  a  Polish 
banlc  beccjne  more  pressing.  Our  -^^eople  had  to  do  their  banlcinf  business  vrith 
bankers  of  other  n^.tion'^lities  or  :;ere  co:ipelled  to  ro  dc^:ntov;n  for  this  pur- 
pose.  So  I.J?.  ?a'.;lo.vsl:i  forified  -^^  partnership  v;ith  Attorne^r  'Lyf^vMut   and  opened 
in  191?  a  nortgac^  banl:,  Pav;lov;shi  and  Zyf^nunt.   This  financial  institution 
does  banlcinf:  business  in  all  branches.   It  enjoys  tl;e  enthusiastic  support  and 
'oatrona'-e  not  cnlv  of  Poles  but  also  of  i^^eople  of  otlier  nationalities.  At 
present  the  bank  is  buildin."  ten  three-story  apartnient  buildings  on  Lear-in^tion 
Street,  in  the  most  beautiful  location  in  the  v:hole  parish. 

I.:r,  Pa;;lo;vski  has  al^vays  been  very  active  in  patriotic  and  civic  affairs.  r.is 
services  v;ere  especially  valuable  during-  the  camnair:n  to  raise  a  jiO,CCO,000 
fund,  to  v'hich  his  Tjarish  contributed  v*h3,000.  as  a  delegate  of  the  local 


c : 


o 

r- 


11  . 


PCLISE 


Dzicrmik  Chiciv'-ski,  7eh.   C,   192r 


O 


citizens*  corimittee  he  has  attended  every  convention  held  by  the  Polish  people 
in  America. 

In  1895  L:r.  Pav.'loTsIci  riarried  Liiss  Catherine  i.ichalsxa.  The  r.arriufe  ceremony 
v;as  -oerforrLed  in  St.  Adalbert's  church.  In  the  sarnie  year  he  r.oved  to  the  Cra- 
rin  district,  *.;here  i:e  has  lived  ever  since. 


rr,  ?av;lov:3".:i  :.a3  reared  .iui:e  a  larre  fa:.iilv,  alv/cvs  retaining  his  race-con- 
scicusness  as  a  Pole  and  rerienberin.^  'lis  obli -^^itions  to.;ard  the  land  of  his 
forefathers.  His  oldest  sen,  l^'r'3ncis,  until  recently  the  organist  of  the  par- 
ish church,  is  ::t  ^resent  v/orKin;^  in  his  father's  banl:.  The   second  son,  Dr. 
Bernard  Pa.;l07;sl:i,  is  a  dentist,  and  the  third  son,  Stanislas,  is  a  student 
at  the  university  of  Illinois.   Three  daughters,  Anne,  Valerie,  and  iillizabeth, 
are  hOL.e  r::irls,  and  Rosalie  ;;oes  to  the  "oarish  school,   'The  youncest  son, 
Joseph,  is  a  student  at  St.  Stanislas  Kostka  Collere. 


O 


Since  lie  v:as  homesicl:  for  his  native   land,   I'x.  Pa-zlO'/shi  visited  Pornerania 


'j«r.-r-T^,     -zr-.r,    :>.;f  ^■Ji;---;^: '  •^-i:gaEMya*n-.  .tiraw^ybM^^  ••'-    ■  -'- 


II  -I 


O 


-    A    - 


FCLISl. 


Dziennik  Ghica^^^os'ci,   Feb.    6,   19:2« 

in  19:X',   extendin,^  his  visit  to   otl.er  :^arts   of  Poland. 

For  the  last  tv;enty-five  years  he  has  been  a  iien'jer  of  the  Polish  Roman 
Catholic  Union.     He   is  also  a  ineiaber  of  the  Citizens'   Club  in  the  parish* 


F    • 


?>o 


II  A  2 


POLISH 


Dziennlk  Chicago ski,  Feb.  3,  1922 • 


TOrai  OF  LAKE 


Last  Wednesday,  February  1,  a  meeting  of  the  board  or  directors  of  the  Polish- 
owned  ^Vhlte  Eagle  Dairy  was  held  In  Rusch^s  hall,  4800  South  V/ood  Street,  The 
following  officers  were  elected:  Michael  Czwornlak,  president;  Michael  Zaczek, 
vice-president;  Thomas  Kozubowskl,  treasurer;  and  Louis  Nowakowskl,  secretary* 
The  following  men  constitute  the  board  of  directors:  Messrs*  Joseph  Kukulskl, 
F*  Zaworskl,  S.  V/ollek,  J.  V/leduch,  and  F.  Galeckl.  The  attorney  for  the  com- 
pany Is  }ir.  Stanislas  V/ltmanskl,  brother  of  the  Reverend  Peter  v;itmanskl  of  St, 
Josaphat's  Church. 


O 


ro 

■ — I 


II  A  2 


POLISH 


Dzlennik  Chicagoskl^  Jau«  27,  1922. 

GOLDEN  JUBILEE  OF  MRS.  SLOMINSKA^S  BADGE 

AND  BANNER  SHOP 


Thanks  to  an  enterprising  Polish  woman  nAio  would  not  give  up,  a  new  enter- 
prise was  launched  a  year  after  the  great  Chicago  fire  of  1871,  which 
nearly  destroyed  the  whole  city.  This  business  not  only  is  still  in 
existence  but  is  vvell  known  all  over  America  and  even  in  Poland,  where  at 
the  world's  fair  in  the  city  of  Lwow  (Lemberg)  Mrs.  Slominska's  establish- 
ment received  two  medals  for  its  artistic  embroider! es« 

It  was  in  1872,  after  the  great  fire.  Our  respected  and  patriotic,  country- 
woman had  lost  nearly  all  of  her  possessions  in  the  conflagration.  On  top 
of  that  a  protracted  illness  had  incapacitated  her  husband  Stanislas.  However, 
this  brave  woman  did  not  become  discoipraged  but  went  to  work  and  by  efforts 
that  would  have  exhausted  even  the  strongest  she  finally  succeeded  in  opening 
a  little  store  at  Halsted  and  Bunker  Streets,  in  the  so-called  Bohemian 


5> 


•T3 

o 


Co 

cr- 

en 


II  A  2 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


Dzlennlk  Chlcagoski^  Jan*  27,  1922 

St«  Vanceslas  parish.  In  this  shop  she  received  her  first  order  for  scarfs 
from  one  of  the  societies  of  St*  Stanislas  Kostka*s  Church*  St*  Stanislas 
;i9as  then  the  only  Polish  church  in  Chicago ,  and  Mr*  and  Mrs*  Slominski  were 
members  of  this  parish*  From  this  small  beginning,  the  little  store  in  which 
for  several  years  Mrs*  Slominska  also  sold  women's  hats,  grew  the  badge  and  banner 
shop  of  W*  Slominska,  one  of  the  largest  of  its  kind  in  i^merica  because  of  the 
honest  and  artistic  work  done  by  this  purely  Polish  establishment* 

With  the  increase  of  Polish  immigration  to  America  and  the  concomitant  growth  of 
Polish  societies,  the  sideline  of  women's  hats  was  discontinued,  and  all  efforts 
were  directed  solely  to  the  manufacture  and  distribution  of  banners,  flags, 
badges,  scarfs,  and  similar  requisites  of  Polish  societies,  liturgical  vest- 
ments of  all  kinds  necessary  for  church  ceremonials ^  and  canopies  for  church 
processions* 


CD 


CD 


In  this  business  the  late  Stanislas  Slominski  was  of  great  help  to  his  wife 


n  A  2 


-  3  - 


POLISH 


Dzlennik  Chicago ski >  Jan*  27,  1922. 

Waleria  up  to  the  date  of  his  death  In  1910«  After  her  husband* s  demise 
11x8.   Slominska  did  not  resign  herself  to  despair  but  continued  to  work  de- 
votedly at  her  business #  He  asked  her  son-in-law,  the  well-known 
Adalbert  J.   Danisch,  to  come  to  work  with  her,  which  he  did,  managing  the 
business  up  to  Jtxly,  1917,  when  he  bought  it  from  his  mother-in-law,  who 
llTed  only  fourteen  months  longer  in  retirement  with  her  daughter  Angellne 
Danlsch  in  St«  VencesJAS*  x>arish  in  the  Avondale  section  of  our  city« 

In  the  Badge  and  Banner  Shop  of  W*  Slominska  were  made  most  of  the  banners 
and  Polish  flags  for  Polish  societies  in  Merica#  Even  the  tiniest  Polish 
community  in  the  United  States  has  some  Polish  organization  which  uses  the 
products  made  by  this  well-known  firm*  But  the  larger  Polish  organizations 
also  had  their  banners  made  in  this  establishment;  for  instance  the  very 
beautiful  banner  of  the  Polish  National  Alliance  and  those  of  the  Polish 
Union  in  Buffalo,  the  Polish  Union  in  Wilkes  Barre,  Pennsylvania,  the 
Alliance  of  Poles  in  the  State  of  Ohio,  the  Polish  Women's  Alliance  in  America^ 
and  many  other  important  organizations^  leagues,  and  alliances^  some  of  which 


;o 


II  A  2 


-  4  - 


POLISH 


Dzlennlk  Chlcagoskl,  Jan.  27,  1922 


no  longer  exist* 


In  the  fifty  years  of  the  existence  of  the  Slominska  Badge  and  Banner  Shop 
more  than  three  thousand  Polish  organizations,  more  than  a  hundred  Lithiianian 
societies,  and   about  two  hundred  societies  of  other  nationalities,  such  as 
Bohemian,  Italian,  Bungarian,  Rumanian,  Irish,  and  German,  have  come  to  this 
shop  with  their  needs #  This  firm  has  gained  a  reputation  of  '^good  as  gold** 
among  business  houses  operated  by  other  nationalities  and  especially  among 
wholesale  houses  because  its  word  is  as  good  as  gold,  in  that  the  goods  con- 
tracted for  are  delivered  without  fail  at  the  time  promised.  This  reputation 
has  been  maintained  by  the  f im  up  to  the  present  day.  From  this  short  history 
we  can  see  that  Poles  also  can  conduct  a  business  successfully  if  only  they 
strive  to  satisfy  their  customers  emd  to  execute  orders  to  their  complete 
satisfaction. 


We  are  confident  that  the  Badge  and  Banner  Shop  of  W.  Slominska,  under  the 
management  of  so  energetic  and  enterprising  a  countryman  of  ours  as 


II  A  2 


-  5  - 


POLISH 


Dzlennlk  Chlcagoskl,  Jan*  27,  1922. 


Mr.  Adalbert  J.  Danisch,  will  celebrate  not  only  its  diamond  jubilee  but  also 
its  centennial. 


O 


CO 


II  A  2 


POLISH 


Dziennlk  Chlcagoski^  Jan#  26,  1922# 


ONE  OF  OURS 


Mr«  Joseph  P«  Michalski  nas  born  on  Uarch  1,  1877 ,  In  Slerplec,  Flock  County 
Poland y  then  iinder  Russian  occupation*  He  received  his  elementaiy  education 
in  his  native  town  and  later  some  instruction  in  building  and  construction 
from  his  father,  who  was  a  builder*  Discontinuing  his  studies,  he  emigrated 
to  America,  where  he  was  forced  to  take  up  some  practical  trade*  He  chose 
bookbinding,  in  idiich  occupation  he  became  unusually  proficient*  He  arrived 
in  Chicago  in  1896  and  worked  for  various  bookbinderies,  among  them  the 
Canky  Company  of  Hammond,  Indiana,  S*  D*  Childs,  and  Shea  and  Smith* 

Accumulating  a  little  capital  and  gaining  a  reputation  as  a  first-class  artisan, 
he  decided  to  work  for  himself*  He  opened  his  own  bookbindery  in  St*  John 
Cantius  parish  on  Carpenter  Street*  Tbat  was  in  1917*  Soon  afterwards  he 
became  a  partner  in  the  large  bookbinding  firm  of  Olszewski  and  Company,  the 
founder  of  which  had  just  died*  Mr.  Michalski  became  a  pillar  of  the  concern 
and  an  organizer*  He  bought  and  installed  the  latest  and  most  improved 


p5 


OO 
CD 


cr 


II  A  2 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


Dzlennlk  Chicagoski,  Jan*  26,  1922. 

machineiy,  so  that  this  firm  attained  the  highest  deyelopment  In  its  history* 
In  1919  the  ncime  of  the  firm  was  changed  to  American  Bookblndery  Company, 
with  Ii]r«  Mlchalskl  as  president;  the  second  partner,  Mr«  £•  G*  Mares,  became 
vice-president,  and  the  third  partner,  Mr«  W*  J«  Andrzejewskl,  vms  secretary 
and  treasurer*  The  business  has  remained  under  tho  same  management  up  to 
the  present  time*  The  American  Bookblndery  Comi)any  Is  growing  splendidly, 
thanks  to  the  aboye-mentloned  men  and  especially  to  Mr*  Joseph  Mlchalskl,  who 
Is  a  master  craftsman  and  without  doubt,  the  best  In  his  field  In  the  whole 
Chicago  Polonla* 

Mr*  Mlchalskl  Is  still  a  comparatively  young  man,  energetic,  a  good  worker, 
progressive,  and  enterprising*  There  is  not  the  least  doubt  that  the  business 
which  he  is  managing  will  achieve  great  success*  Personally  he  enjoys  great 
popularity  and  the  friendship  of  many*  He  is  a  member  of  the  Polish  Roman 
Catholic  Union,  the  Polish  National  Alliance,  the  Polish  Falcons'  Alliance, 
and  the  Alliance  of  Polish  Military  Societies. 


^ 

c 


^■7 


( »> 


II  A  2 


-  3  - 


POLISH 


Dzlennllc  Chlcagoski>  Jan#  26,  1922* 

We  wish  to  mention  that  the  American  Bookbindery  Company  does  most  of  the 
work  connected  with  bookbinding  for  our  publishing  firm,  the  Polish  Publishing 
Coi^pany^  Most  of  the  schoolbooks  and  novels  published  by  us  are  bound  to  our 
complete  satisfaction  by  the  firm  managed  by  Mr,  Michalski, 


TO 

o 


o 
'Si 


II  A  2 

III  C 


POLISH 


Dzlennik  Chlcagoski>  Jan»  24,  1922. 

ONE  OF  ODKS 


Our  attitude  toward  our  young  workers,  the  jo\me^r  Polish--Aj]ierican  generation, 
has  alv/ays  been  one  of  the  greatest  interest  and  sympathy.  After  all,  as  we  say, 
the  future  is  theirs* 

One  of  the  younger  generation,  an  \musually  pleasant  individual,  is  /oathony  W# 
Earwig,  a  typical  Chicagoan  and  a  typical  St.  Stanislas  parishioner.  He  was 
bom  on  April  29,  1885,  in  St.  Stanislas »  parish,  the  son  of  St*  Stanislas' 
parish  secretary  of  many  years'  standing,  Mr#  Ladislas  Barv/ig.  He  went  to 
St#  Stanislas*  School  and  was  married  on  September  11,  1907,  in  St.  Stanislas' 
Church  to  Miss  Mary  Schlapka^  dau^ter  of  Francis  and  Eve  Schlapka,  old  settlers 
in  St*  Stanislas*  parish. 

They  have  three  children;  the  oldest  boy  goes  to  St.  Stanislas'  College,  and  a 


"PC 


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rv 


II  A  2 

III  C 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


Dzlennik  Chlcagoskl>  Jan*  24,  1922* 


younger  one  attends  St*  Stanislas*  parish  school,  even  thou(Th  their  parents 

have  been  living  for  the  last  several  years  in  a  distant  part  of  Chicago, 

Portage  Park.  In  spite  of  that  they  belong  to  St.  Stanislas •  Church*  It 

seens  that  the  Earwigs  could  not  get  along  v;ithout  their  old,  beloved  St*  Stanislas 

Church  and  parish;  this  is  how  i\nthony  and  his  family  feel,  and  this  is  why  they 

belong  here  to  various  societies  and  take  part  in  all  the  social  affairs  and 

patriotic  activities* 

Mr.  Anthony  Earwig  is  a  member  of  the  Polish  Roman  Catholic  Union,  St.  Cecilia 
Lodge  Number  Fourteen,  of  which  he  has  been  secretary  for  the  last  fourteen 
years.  He  is  also  a  member  of  the  Polish  Alma  Mater,  the  Knights  of  Columbus, 
the  Koszciuszko  Citizens*  Club,  which  he  joined  when  it  was  organized,  and  the 

amateur  dramatic  club  of  St*  Stanislas*  parish*  Eecause  of  his  great  interest 
in  music  and  his  love  for  it  he  has  been  a  choir  director  of  St*  Stanislas* 
Church  for  the  last  eighteen  years;  he  is  also  a  choir  director  of  the  above- 
mentioned  Citizens*  Club*  Finally,  for  the  last  several  years  he  has  been 


T" 
JO 


o 

CO 


II  A  2 

III  C 


-  3  - 


Dzieiinik  Chlcagoskl^  Jan.  24,  1922, 


POLISH 


v.; 


secretary  and  director  of  the  Pulaski  Bank.  All  these  societies,  clubs,  choirs, 
and  circles  are  naturally  located  in  St.  Stanislas*  parish. 


Mr.  Antliony  Earwig  is  a  capable  and  energetic  inan.  Although  still  comparatively 
yoimg,  be  has  acquired  a  great  deal  of  business  experience,  which  he  used  not 
very  Ions  ago  to  organize  his  o^m   business,  the  Barwig  Storage  Battery  Company, 
at  1355  Noble  Street,  v;here  he  manufactures  and  repairs  batteries.  Quite  recently 
he  enlarged  his  business  by  organizing  the  A,  V,  Barwig  lianufacturing  Company, 
which  makes  automobile  parts  and  instruments.  It  is  located  at  the  same 
address.  This  concern  is  showing  a  healthy  and  rapid  growth,  and  its  o;vner  is 
on  the  road  to  wealth,  which  we  all  most  heartly  wish  him  to  attain. 

As  a  great  lover  of  music  Kr,  Anthony  Barr/ig  takes  part  with  his  quartet  or 
his  choir  in  many  musical  productions  in  our  Polonia*  In  the  recruiting  for 
the  Polish  Army  and  in  the  American  and  later  Polish  loan  drives  his  effective 


II  A  2 
IIIC 


-  4  - 


FOLISH 


Dziennik  Chicagoskl^  Jan.  24,  1922* 


help  added  much  to  the  success  of  these  patriotic  campaigos. 

Good  children  of  St.   Stanislas^  Parish,  loyally  attached  to  it-^tbat  is  the 
Barwig  fairdly*  IVhen  we  eir.phasize  this  v;arm  attachnent,  we  do  not  mean  to  say 
that  Mr*  Barwig  could  not  make  his  living  somewhere  else,  for  a  capable  and 
popular  man  can  do  it  anywhere,  but  we  wish  to  show  our  appreciation  for  his 
truly  filial  sentiment  of  fidelity  and  loyalty  to  tliis  Alma  Mater  of  all  Polish 
parishes  in  Chicago.  We  regard  this  trait  of  character  in  him  and  in  his  family 
as  truly  admirable. 


Mr.  and  Mrs.  Barwig  live  at  5045  Cullom  Avenue. 


II  A  2 


POLISH 


Dziennlk  Chicagoski,  Jan*  24,  1922. 

THE  UNIVERSAL  MACHINE  AND  TOOL  CORPORATION 


The  question  of  the  Universal  Machine  and  Tool  Corporation,  which  declared 
itself  insolvent  on  October  7  of  last  year,  was  again  taken  up  yesterday  in 
the  receiver's  office*  The  following  witnesses  were  examined:  Dr«  Chrzan; 
Attorney  Julius  Kwasigroch;  Conmiissioner  Albert  Nowak;  Ur*  Pontkowski,  presi 
dent  of  the  firm;  Peter  Niemira,  president  of  the  Guaranty  Mortgage  and 
Security  Company;  and  Miss  Cart?nright,  witness  for  the  State  in  matters  of 
corporation  law« 

As  is  seen  from  the  depositions  of  the  witnessc^^  so  far  examined,  the  chief 
causes  of  the  bankruptcy  were  the  irregularities  in  the  financial  management 
and  the  bookkeeping  and  the  disregard  of  the  State  corporation  laws*  Exack 
bookkeeping  records  were  not  kept,  and  only  occasional  official  entries  were 
made  in  the  books*  Of  course  many  mistakes  and  inaccuracies  crept  in^  and 
finally  the  deficits  became  known*  Even  the  articles  of  incorporation  were 
violated  as  to  the  number  of  men  on  the  board  of  directors,  for  there  were 


13: 

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cr 


HAS 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


Dziennlk  Chicagoski,  Jan.  24,  1922. 
nine  directors  insteaa  of  five,  as  the  articles  prescribe. 


Commissioner  Albert  Nowalc  declared  that  he  had  accepted  the  offices  of 
director  and  treasurer  of  this  corporation  believing  that  the  corporation  was 
organized  and  managed  according  to  the  laws  of  the  State;  that  otherwise  he 
would  have  had  nothing  to  do  with  the  business*  And  so  far  as  his  being 
treasurer  was  concerned,  it  was  only  an  empty  title,  since  he  never  even 
touched  any  of  the  company* s  money,  his  main  function  being  the  signing  of 
checks  drawn  by  Mr.  Pontkowski.  According  to  depositions  of  Peter  Niemira, 
treasurer  of  the  Politowski  firm  which  was  merged  with  the  Universal  Corpora- 
tion last  July,  neither  Mr.  SzalaJ  nor  anybody  else  ever  received  any  com- 
pensation for  bringing  about  the  merger  of  these  two  concerns.  Later  it  was 
shown  that  Mr.  Szalaj  received  $4,000,  of  which  $1,600  went  to  Dr.  Chrzan, 
and  an  equal  amount  to  Joseph  Sochon;  besides,  Dr.  Chrzan  also  received  $250 
for  his  speeches  during  the  stock-selling  campaign.  Mr.  Szalaj  admitted  that 
though  he  had  not  received  any  compensation  from  Politowski,  he  was  to  be 
paid  $4,000  by  the  Universal  Corporation  for  his  promotional  work  leading  to 


o 


(U3 
c::> 


II  A  2 


-  3  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Chicagoski,  Jan.  24,  1922, 


the  merger  of  these  two  firms,  which  he  with  the  help  of  others  had  suc- 
ceeded in  accomplishing*  It  was  further  shown  that  though  Mr.  SzalaJ  was 
agitating  for  the  benefit  of  the  company,  he  had  never  been  connected  with 
it  in  an  official  capacity,  either  as  a  manager  or  as  a  bookkeeper,  as 
Mr.  Pontkowski  had  declared  at  the  inquiry  last  week.  But  he  conducted  his 
own  business,  the  Universal  Sales  Company,  which  sold  moving-picture  machines 
made  by  the  Universal  Corporation.  He  had  a  right,  therefore,  to  keep 
samples  of  the  goods  which  he  was  selling.  It  was  finally  shown  that 
Mr.   Lemacki  (or  rather  Gramacki)  did  not  accuse  either  Commissioner  Nowedcowski 
or  Dr.  Chrzcm  of  carrying  away  moving-picture  machines;  what  he  really  was 
concerned  about  was  the  $250  that  Dr.  Chrzan  received  as  his  share  for 
services  rendered  to  the  corporation. 

The  Universal  Machine  and  Tool  Corporation  was  organized  in  the  year  1918 
with  a  capital  of  $25,000.  Shortly  afterwards  this  sum  was  raised  to  #50,000 
and  later  to  $100,000.  This  corporation  was  at  that  time  one  of  the  largest 
Polish  concerns,  and  its  future  looked  quite  promising. 


o 


CD 


\^rzr^  —  xj»i.TKt:;r'— 


II  A  2 
IV 


POLISH 


Dzlennlk  Chlcagoskl,  Jan,  23,  1922, 
IHE  LATE  TSSOimL  GORDON 


f^  iiPA  ^ 

'"4  V^   .         fo   > 


\-^ 


;Ve  were  Just  going  to  write  about  him  in  our  section  *'One  of  Ours'';  in  fact 
we  had  his  short  biographical  sketch  ready,  when  suddenly—as  it  frequently 
happens  with  human  plans  that  turn  to  dust — we  are  compelled  today  to  write 
his  obituary. 

For  the  last  several  days  a  sincere  and  deep  sorrow  has  been  felt  in  the 
building  of  the  Dziennik  Chicago ski »  For  Theophil  Gtordon  is  dead:  He  died 
after  seyeral  weekef  illness.  For  many  years  he  was  general  manager  of  our 
firm  and  chief  bookkeeper.  He  was  liked  by  everybody  for  his  warm  and  sympa- 
thetic heart  and  his  pleasant,  friendly,  generous  nature. 

Tnaly,  one  cannot  think,  one  cannot  believe  that  our  administration  has  lost 
such  a  representative  figure,  with  his  characteristic  Polish  features.  For  a 
long,  long  time  will  he  be  missed  at  his  usual  window  by  his  fellow  workers, 
who  are  deeply  grieved  by  his  4®^'!^^!  ^^^  ^  ^^1  ^^  hava  known  him  and  held 


II  A  2 
IV 


-  2  - 


Dziennlk  Chicagoski>  Jan.  23,  1922. 


POLIS^ 


him  in   high  esteem*  His  loss  will  be  felt  by  his  many  friends,  and  how  many 
friends  he  had  could  be  seen  by  the  multitude  which  thronged  cmd  filled  to 
capacity  the  gigantic  Church  of  St*  Mary  of  the  Angels  to  pay  him  the  last 
tribute  yesterday.  Deep  sorrow  for  his  passing  is  felt  everywhere. 

The  late  Iheophil  Gordon,  the  fourth  child  of  Thomas  and  Anne  Gordon,  was  bom 
April  19,  1865,  in  Truszczyn,  in  the  Prussian-occupied  part  of  Poland.  He 
received  his  elementary  and  secondcury  education  in  his  native  land.  Having 
learned  the  leatherworkers *  trade,  he  emigrated  to  Germany,  where  he  became 
noted  for  his  excellent  work  in  his  trade,  being  honored  with  orders  for  the 
German  Baiser^s  household  in  Berlin.  After  spending  several  years  in  Berlin 
he  left  for  America  with  his  brother  Edmund  and  landed  at  Baltimore.  Shortly 
afterwards  he  arrived  in  Chicago  and  settled  here  for  good.  Two   years  later 
he  married  Miss  Stanislava  Stabrowska.  The  marriage  ceremony,  was  performed 
in  St.  Stanislas  Kbstka*8  Church  by  his  brother,  the  Reverend  Francis  Gordon, 
the  present  pastor  of  St.  Mary  of  the  Angels*  Church  and  the  delegate  general 
of  the  Ressurectionist  Congregation.  Ibis  marriage  has  been  blessed  with 


i^ 


"^•■— 


II  A  2 
IV 


-  3  - 


Dziennlk  Chicagoski,  Jan.  83,  1922. 


POLISH 


eight  children,  of  idiom  six  are  alive,  one  daughter,  Helen,  and  five  sons,  of 
'Mhom  the  eldest,  Thomas,  is  also  an  administratiTe  officer  of  the  Dziennik 
Chicago ski. 

• 

His  beloTed  wife  died  on  Uay  27,  1914,  and  in  less  than  eight  years  he  has 
followed  her  himself ,  passing  away  on  January  19  of  this  year  at  11:30  P«  H«  In 
the  Polish  hospital,  where,  very  seriously  ill,  he  was  taken  by  order  of  his 
physicians*  In  the  Christinas  holidays  he  became  seriously  ill  with  ptomaine 
poisoning,  irtilch  weakened  his  system  to  such  an  extent  that  complications  \n&ich 
developed  in  recent  days  haye  cut  the  thread  of  this  good  and  honorable  man's 
life. 


The  late  Theophil  Grordon  was  the  best  of  husbands  and  fathers;  he  was,  one  may 
say,  an  example  of  the  good  citizen  and  the  good  worker  in  the  community*  His 
greatest  care  was  his  home  and  his  family;  he  was  thrifty  and  economical* 

At  first  he  worked  for  various  concerns  and  even  conducted  his  own  business; 


T 


II  A  2 


-  4  - 


Dziennik  Chlcagoski,  Jan.  23,  1922 


POLISH 


u 


\ 


finally  he  associated  himself  with  the  Dziennik  Chicagoski^  where  for  more  .' ,.,'■ 

than  twenty  years  he  was  one  of  the  most  useful  and  most  dependable  workers. 
He  gave  his  children  the  best  possible  education;  his  daughter  graduated 
from  the  Holy  Family  Academy,  and  his  sons  graduated  from  the  St.  Stanislas 
College*  One  son  works  in  the  offices  of  the  Dziennik  Chicag03ki>  another 
is  studying  dentistry,  and  the  third  is  an  electrotechnician* 

His  vrtiole  active  and  busy  life  was  devoted  to  industrious  and  diligent  work, 
to  his  nearest  and  dearest,  and  to  his  community.  He  belonged  to  a  great  many 
societies  and  organizations.  At  one  time  he  was  a  vice-president  of  the  Execu- 
tive Board  of  the  Polish  Alma  Mater,  a  member  of  which  he  had  been  from  its 
foundation,  belonging  to  the  St.  Aloysius  Section  Number  Seven.  He  was  also  a 
member  of  the  Polish  Roman  Catholic  Union,  of  the  Society  of  St.  Vincent  de  Paul, 
of  the  St.  Casimir  Society,  of  the  Order  of  Catholic  Foresters,  of  the 
Mickiewicz  Citizens*  Club  in  St.  Mary  of  the  Angels'  parish,  in  which  he  held 
the  office  of  president,  and  of  the  church  choir  of  St.  Mary  of  the  Angels'. 
Everywhere  he  was  one  of  the  most  active  and  most  highly  esteemed  of  men;  his 


II  A  2 
IV 


-  5  - 


Dziennik  Chicagoskl>  Jan.  23,  1922 • 


opinions  were  edways  respected  and  appreciated*  More  than  ten  years  ago  he 
was  one  of  the  group  of  men  who  organized  the  Father  Grordon  Building  and  Loan 
Association,  and  he  was  president  of  its  board  of  directors  from  its  very 
beginning  and  one  of  those  who  contributed  most  to  its  present  splendid  de- 
velopment. 

But  his  activities  included  also  purely  patriotic  services  rendered  to  this 
country*  In  the  World  War  he  was  called  to  take  part  in  the  recruiting  work, 
to  help  in  creating  our  army  of  millions  of  men;  he  was  even  elected  president 
of  the  Thirty-sixth  Draft  District,  and  his  services  were  so  distinguished  and 
valuable  that  later  he  received  a  letter  of  thanks  and  appreciation  from  the 
Giovernment  of  the  United  States* 

Ibis  is  a  short  summary  of  the  active  and  industrious  life  of  a  well-deserving 
6uid  noble  citizen  and  countryman  of  ours* 


Today,  writing  this  biographical  sketch,  we  are  bidding  him  good-bye  in  deep 


1J 


II  A  2 

IV 


-  5  - 


Dziennlk  Chlcagoskl,  Jan*  23,  1922. 


POLISH 


sorrow,  sorrow  even  greater  because  of  his  so  sudden  and  completely  unex- 
pected departure.  We  firmly  believed  that  his  strong  constitution  would 
overcome  this  deadly  illness,  the  more  so  because  everything  was  done  to  save 
him.  Alas,  the  complication  of  ills  together  with  the  exhaustion  of  his  con- 
stitution frustrated  all  efforts* 

Theophil  Gordon  has  not  left  much  of  wordly  goods;  it  will  not  be  much  for 
the  little  flock  of  children  which  he  is  leaving  behind  him.  But  he  did  leave 
them  a  priceless  heritage  in  this  world — a  good  name,  the  example  of  a  noble 
and  useful  life,  and  the  respect  of  his  community  and  his  countrymen*  This 
treasure  is  more  precious  than  temporal  riches;  it  cannot  be  squandered  over 
the  earth  but  will  remain  the  lasting  possession  of  the  family  to  which, 
because  of  the  death  of  one  of  its  oldest  members,  we  hasten  to  offer  our 
sincere  and  deep  sympathy  in  its  hour  of  sorrow. 

Eternal  peace  to  our  beloved  friend  after  a  life  of  honest  labor  and  great 
ac  c  ompl i shmen 1 1 


II  A  2 

II  B  2  d  (3) 

II  B  1  c  (1) 

IV 


POLISH 


Dzlennllc  Chlcagos!:!.  Jan.  20,  1922, 


ONE  OF  OURS 


^  ^      »  <  . . 
/ 


Mr,  Ladislas  Sajewski  was  born  in  Congress,  Poland,  in  1873,  He  came  to  America 
in  1892,  and  five  years  latar  married  Miss  Helena  Wykowska  in  St.  John  Cantius* 
Church,  where  he  was  at  the  time  a  very  active  parishioner. 

Since  1905  Mr.  Sajewski  has  conducted  a  music  store.  Two  of  his  sons,  Edmund 
and  Alvin,  work  with  him  in  the  store,  while  the  third  son,  Alexander,  is  study- 
ing dentistry* 

Mr.  Sajewski  is  regarded  as  one  of  the  outstanding  merchants  in  the  Chicago 
Polonia.  He  is  also  known  for  his  sincere  willingness  to  relieve  social  wants; 
for  instance,  the  musical  club  in  the  Polish  college  in  Cambridge  Springs, 
Pennsylvania,  is  indebted  to  his  generosity  for  its  musical  instruments  and 
equipment.  Children  in  the  Polish  orphanage  of  St.  Hedwi^  will  long  ramember 
him  for  his  generous  help  in  supplying  their  band  and  orchestra. 


II  A  2 


-  2  - 


Dziennik  Chicagoski,  Jan.  20,  1922 


II  3  2  d  (3) 
II  B  1  C  (1) 
IV 

Mr.  Sajewski  was  one  of  the  organizers  of  St.  John  Cantius'  parish  as  well 
as  one  of  its  first  parishioners.  Through  his  efforts  the  St.  Casimir  the 
King  Society  for  youth  was  organized. 

For  five  years  he  lived  in  the  Avondale  section  of  our  city,  and  since  1902  he 
has  been  living  in  Holy  Trinity  parish,  where  he  is  well  known  and  well  liked 
for  his  courtesy  and  his  sincere,  frank,  happy  disposition.  He  participates 
willingly  in  all  patriotic  affairs.  In  the  bazaar  held  in  the  auditorium  of 
the  Polish  Women's  Alliance  for  the  benefit  of  the  victims  of  v;ar  in  Poland  he 
held  the  office  of  cashier. 


Mr.  Sajewski  has  been  a  member  of  the  Polish  National  iU-liance  for  the  last 
eighteen  years.  He  was  also  one  of  the  founders  of  the  Polish  Businessmen's  Club 
and  of  the  Polish  Chamber  of  Commerce  in  Chicago.  He  is  an  active  member  of 
the  Modern  Woodmen. 


II  A  2 

II  B  2  d  (3) 

II  B  1  c  (1) 

IV 


-  3  - 


FOUSH 


Dziennlk  Chlcagoskiy  Jan.  20,  1922. 


He  has  two  sons  besides  those  mentioned  above  and  three  daughters*  He 
lives  above  his  beautiful  music  store  at  1017  Milwaukee  Avenue*  We  must  als 
mention  that  he  has  published  a  great  deal  of  Polish  sheet  music  and  many 
Polish  books*  These  works  cover  a  wide  range  and  are  extensively  used  by 
Polish  amateur  dramatic  clubs* 


A 


II  A  2 

IV 


POLISH 


Dziennlk  Chicagoskl,  Jan.  19,  1922 

0JI3  OF  OURS 
John  Ruszkiewicz 


IJr.  John  Ruszkiewicz  was  born  in  Western  Poland,  in  the  province  of  Posen, 
in  1869.  As  a  nine-year-old  boy  he  came  with  his  parents  to  America;  they 
settled  in  IdLlwaukee,  V/isconsin.  Ee  received  his  elementary  schooling  in 
a  Polish  parochial  school.  V/hen  he  was  twenty  years  old,  he  came  to  Chicago. 
V/orking  during  the  day  and  attending  night  school,  he  also  found  the  oppor- 
tunity to  become  acquainted  vjith  many  outstanding  Poles.  In  due  course  of 
time  he  entered  the  real-estate  field,  which  business  he  has  followed  ever 
since. 

In  the  lifetime  of  Messrs.  /Jc'eter/  Idolbassa  and  Brodowski,  who  were  the  first 
Polish  real-estate  men  in  Chicago,  he  was  superintendent  of  Huraboldt  Park  and 
gave  employment  to  many  Poles;  later  he  was  employed  as  clerk  in  the  tax  collec- 
tor's office  in  the  County  Building.  His  next  appointment  was  that  of  State 
inspector  of  factories.  In  this  capacity  he  helped  to  regulate  the  working 


c 


CO 


II  A  2 
IV 


--   2  -- 


Dziennik  Ciiicagoski,   Jan.   19,   1922. 


POLISH 


hours  in  industry.  It  is  v;ell  knov.n  that  man:;-  Polish  girls  had  to  work 
fourteen  hours  or  more  a  day  for  unscrupulous  employers.  For  this  hu- 
manitarian v/ork  John  I^szkievjicz  earned  the  gratitude  and  the  support  of 
the  Polish  workers. 


I'x.   Ruszkiev;icz  married  Ub-tv   Kowalska,  daughter  of  a  man  well  knovm  for 
his  various  activities,  a  settler  in  Holy  Trinity  parish.  There  are  three 
children,  of  vjhom  the  eldest  boy  goes  to  Lane  Technical  Hir-ji  School. 


IJr.  Ruszkiewicz  is  one  of  the  founders  of  St.  Helen's  parish;  he  is  also 
an  organizer  and  the  present  secretary  of  the  St.  Helen  Building  and  Loan 
Association,   only  recently  he  v;as  elected  director  of  the  Division  Street 
State  Bank,  2501  V.'est  Division  Street;  he  manages  the  real-estate  depart- 
ment of  the  bank,  at  the  sai:ie  tiiVie  conducting  his  ovm  real-estate  business. 
He  is  a  member  of  the  Polish  Honan  Catholic  Union,  the  Polish  National  i\Lli 
ance,  the  Polish  Brokers*  Association,  and  many  other  organizations. 


o 


II  A  2 

17 


-  3  - 


Dziennik  Cliicagoskl,   Jan.   19,   1922. 


POLISH 


At  the  time  of  the  last  war  he  v/as  very  active  in  govemment  loan  campaigns, 
both  American  and  Polish.  He  was  even  decorated  by  the  Polish  government  for 
his  efficient  and  effective  work  during  the  Polish  Loan  campaign. 

At  present  Mr.  Haszkiewicz  lives  in  St.  Helen's  Parish  at  1038  North  Hoyne  Ave- 
nue. Kind,  pleasfiuit,  obliging,  courteous,  a  good  Pole,  and  an  honest  business- 
man, Mr.  Ruszkiewicz  is  widely  knovm  and  successful. 


II  A  2 
II  E  2 


POLISH 


Dzlennik  Ohlcagoaki.  Jan*  17,  1922. 

THE  AFFAIR  OF  THS  UNI7SHSAL  MACHINE  AND  TOOL  CORPORATION 


Tasteirday  afternoon,  in  the  offices  of  Sidney  Eastman,  receiver,  room  907, 
Monadnock  Building,  a  second  hearing  was  held  in  the  case  of  the  Universal 
rachine  and  Tool  Corporation,  which  declared  Itself  insolvent  on  October  7 
o?  last  year.  The  principal  witnesses  in  yesterday* s  inquiry  were 
Mr*  Pontkowski,  former  president  of  the  company,  and  Mr#  Vincent  Szalaj, 
former  bookkeeper  and  office  manager.  Creditors  and  shareholders  were 
represented  by  Attorney  Leech  of  the  law  firm  of  Leech  and  Lutes,  5  North 
La  Salle  Street. 


The  matter,  according  to  the  sworn  statements  of  Messrs  Pontkowski  and 
SzalaJ,  is  as  follows: 

The  Universal  Machine  and  Tool  Con^any  was  incorporated  under  the  laws  of 


II  A  2 
II  E  2 


-  2  - 


POLISB 


Dzlennik  Chicagoskl>  Jan.  17,  1922* 


the  State  of  Illinois  on  January  3,  1919,  with  a  capital  of  $28,000*  In 
September  of  the  same  year  the  capital  was  raised  to  $100,000,  and  in  the 
following  year  to  $500,000.  The  increase  in  capital  was  reported  to  the 
secretary  of  state  in  Springfield,  Illinois,  whD  made  an  audit  of  the 
assets  of  the  company  and  placed  it  in  class  D*  According  to  the  Illinois 
blue-sky  law  the  stock  of  such  companies  should  be  stamped  distinctly  as 
speculative  stock.  Officers  of  the  corporation  ignored  cou^jletely  this  law, 
advertisins  the  stock  as  absolutely  guaranteed. 

In  July,  1921,  the  Universal  CoB?)any  merged  with  the  factory  of  Mr*  Politowski 
At  that  time  the  Universal  submitted  the  audited  report  of  its  assets, 
whereas  Mr.  PolitoxfSki  did  not.  It  was  then  that  the  enlarged  corpoiration 
found  itself  in  financial  difficulties  and  took  steps  contrary  to  law.  It 
advertised  in  a  Polish  newspaper  for  workmen  who   were  willing  to  put  some 
money  into  the  business,  promising  steady  work  and  high  wages.  Many  men 


cr» 


II  A  2 
II  E  2 


-  3  • 


Dzlennik  Chloaaoskl,  Jan.  17,  1922 • 


POLISH 


answered  the  ad,  contributins  from  fotxr  hundred  to  tw>   thousand  dollars 
apiece,  For  their  money  they  received  notes.  Shortly  afterwards  efforts 
were  made  to  have  them  agree  to  exchange  their  notes  for  common  stock, 
which  many  of  them  did.  Some  time  later  the  factory  closed,  and  the 
creditors  and  the  shareholders  fo\md  themselves  without  Jobs.  At  the 
suQ^gestion  of  Mr#  Albert  Nowak,  one  of  the  directors,  it  was  decided  to 
declare  bankruptcy.  The  company* s  books  showed  liabilities  of  |124,600 
and  assets  of  |25,000,  consisting  of  equipment  and  epoHs. 

Mr«  Szalaj  esqphatically  denied  the  accusations  made  by  the  creditors  that 
Dr.  Chrzan  and  Albert  Nowak  had  carted  away  the  moving  picture  machines 
that  the  corporation  was  manufacturing.  It  was  further  said  that  before 
receivers  took  over  the  factory,  machines,  instruments,  and  boxes  of  tools 
were  taken  out.  Mr«  Lemacki  affirmed  under  oath  that  he  had  seen  two  men 
carrying  a  moving  picture  machine  to  Mr.  Szalaj  •s  office  on  Milwaukee  Avenue. 
Mr.  Szalaj  denied  it.  Attorney  Leech  cross-examined  Szalaj  and  Pontkowski 


II  A  2 
II  E  2 


•  4  - 


POLISH 


Dzlennlk  Cliicafloski>  Jan.  17,  1922. 


about  the  disappearance  of  the  oojapenj^s  fimds  and  condemned  the 
irregularities  in  bookkeeping.     At  the  next  hearing,  ^ich  will  be  held 
next  Monday,  Attorney  Leech  will  endeavor  to  arrive  at  the  truth  and  find 
but  yfliat  really  happened  to  the  $23,000  which  the  corporation  received  nAen 
it  merged  with  Politowski's  factory,  and  further,  what  beceuas  of  the 
$60,000  lihich  at  one  time  was  in  the  company's  possession.     Finally,  he 
expects  to  show  what  types  of  irregularity  were  being  practiced  by  the 
company  officials. 


3 

o 


-J 


II  A  2 


POLISH 


Dziennilc  Chicagoski,   Jan.   15,   1922. 


ISPCHTSH'S  N0TIC3S 


Recently  the  tv;o  brothers  iUithony  and  Casiiair  Ilopka  and  :.2p,   Oliph  Ijiiglit 
incorporated  a  business  under  the  naine  of  the  "ji'ederal  Cigar  Company, 
located  at  2894  ..jLlwaukee  i^venue.      Hae  capital  of  this   corporation  is 
$40 , 000 . 


•II  A  2 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Chicagoski,  Jan,  16,  1922. 


aSPOHOER'S  N0TI023 


Recently  a  new  business  enterprise  was  organized  under  the  nai:ie  of 
Ghar.ipion  Gasket  Company,  with  a  capital  of  ^10,000.   It  is  located 
at  2723  Prindiville  Street,  iit  the  head  of  this  enterprise  are 
Llessrs.   John  V/alkowski,  Joseph  J.  Roinps,  and  John  J.  Romps. 


II  A  2 
17 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Chicagoski,  Jan.  12,  1922. 


OIU   OF  OUIS 


Adalbert  J.  Danisch 

Adalbert  J.  Danisch  was  bom  in  Chicago  in  1879.  He  received  his  elemen- 
tary education  in  St.  Adalbert's  parish;  later  he  attended  St.  Ignatius 
College.  His  first  employment  after  finishing  his  schooling  v/as  that  of 
post-office  clerk.  He  held  this  job  for  nine  years,  later  serving  in  the 
water  bureau,  in  the  city  hall.  Some  time  later  Mr.  Brady,  the  State 
auditor,  appointed  him  auditor  of  building  and  loan  associations,  a 
position  which  he  held  only  a  short  time,  resigning  to  assume  the  manage- 
ment of  a  badge  and  emblem  shop  which  had  been  under  the  direction  of  his 
mother-in-law  since  the  death  of  her  husband.  In  1917  he  bought  this 
business  of  his  mother-in-law,  Mrs.  Slominska,  which  he  conducted  to  the 
present  time  with  great  success. 


o 


CO 


cr 


II  A  2 
IV 


--  2  ^ 


Dziennik  Chlcagoskl,  Jan.  12,  1922. 


POLISH 


In  1917  liv.   Danisch  married  Miss  Angela  Slominska  in  Holy  Trinity  Church. 
They  have  five  children. 


Several  years  ago  I^.  Danisch  was  a  candidate  for  the  State  legislature 
but  was  defeated. 

LIT.  Danisch  is  widely  known  for  his  efficient  work  on  behalf  of  the  Polish 
community.  He  is  president  of  the  Citizens'  Committee  and  of  the  local 
branch  of  the  Polish  National  Committee  in  St.  .Venceslaus'  parish.  He  is 
a  member  of  the  Polish  Roman  Catholic  Union,  the  Polish  National  Alliance, 
the  Knights  of  Columbus,  and,  of  many  other  social,  political,  and  patriotic 
organizations.  His  greatest  interest  is  in  the  education  and  the  success  of 
the  younger  generation  of  Polish  descent,  the  hope  of  the  Polish  comiaunity. 
He  never  misses  an  opportunity  to  encourage  our  young  people  to  pursue  higher 
studies  because,  as  he  says,  only  through  education  can  Po^es  attain  to  the 
position  v/hich  is  now  held  by  the  Irish  and  the  Germans.  His  services  as  sec- 
retary of  the  Students'  Aid  Society  are  well  known,  and  they  are  the  best 
evidence  of  his  zealous  endeavors  to  uplift  the  Polish  Catholic  youth. 


5> 


o 


II  A  2 
17 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Chicagoski,  Jan*  12,  1922 ♦ 

OUR  C0-0Pi]RAnV2  UOV'^'Jm 
The  Guai^nty  Ilortgage  and  Security  Corporation 


A  few  days  ago  the  annual  meeting  of  shareholders  in  the  Polish  company, 
the  Guaranty  I.'ortgage  and  Security  Corporation,  v/ell  known  in  American 
circles  as  well  as  among  Poles,  took  place  in  the  Knights  of  Columbus  hall 
downtown  at  10  A.M.  This  corporation  was  organized  many  years  ago  by  llr* 
Peter  Niemira  and  is  located  at  155  North  Clark  Streut.  The  meeting  was 
attended  by  a  great  number  of  shareholders  and  by  the  officers  of  the 
corporation.  The  chairman  of  the  meeting  v;as  IJlr.   M.  Szymczak,  former       ^ 
president  of  the  corporation,  and  the  duties  of  the  secretary  were  per- 
formed by  Mr*  I.Iielcarek.  Officers  of  the  corporation  submitted  detailed 
reports  of  the  business,  which  were  listened  to  v;ith  great  interest  and 
satisfaction.  After  expressive  sentiments  of  appreciation  to  the  retiring 
officers  the  shareholders  elected  Mr.  Peter  Niemira  president,  Mr.  J.  Martyno- 
wicz  vice-president,  Mr.  T.  Mielcarek  secretary,  Mr.  Grzeszczyk  assistant 


-Jd 


':.o 


II  A  2 
17 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


Dziennlk  Chicagoski,  Jan.  12,  1922* 


secretary,  and  Llr.  Li.  Szymczak  treasurer, 


The  meeting  lasted  until  three  o'clock  in  the  afternoon.  It  v/as  learned 
that  the  business  is  growing  very  satisfactorily  in  spite  of  the  last 
depression,  the  effects  of  which  v/ere  felt  in  the  whole  country;  while 
other  firms  went  bankrupt,  this  Polish  corporation  is  doing  good  business, 
and  future  prospects  are  even  brighter.  The  shareholders  are  justified 
in  expecting  larger  profits  from  the  prospective  iiaprovement  in  the  economic 
condition  of  the  country. 


1j- 


In  all  fairness  we  must  add  that  this  firm  also  has  suffered  in  the  general 
business  depression  and  by  unfair  competition.  But  because  of  efficient 
management  and  the  unselfish  devotion  of  its  officers  the  company  has  success- 
fully weathered  the  storm  and  is  even  able  to  show  considerable  profit.  We 
should  also  mention  that  the  legal  matters  are  handled  veiy  successfully  by 
the  law  firm  of  Gtorman  and  Brundage^ 


CD 


II  A  2 


POLISH 


Dziennlk  Chicagoski>  Dec.  12,  1921. 

A  NEV;  POLISH  UiNTDERTAKdlR 

Just  recently,  Thomas  T.  Tomczak  passed  the  state  examinations  for  embalmer 
and  undertaker.  Lr.  Tomczak  was  born  in  Chicago,  November  14,  1892.  He 
attended  the  Polish  elementary  school  at  St.  Gasimir*s  parish.  Later,  he 
attended *t he  public  schools.  He  received  his  professional  training  at 
John  Spry  School  of  International  Anatomy  and  Jilmbalming. 

Mr.  T.  T.  Thomas  is  the  son  of  Llr.  &  Mrs.  Francis  and  Josephine  Thomas, 
old  settlers  of  St.  Gasimir's  parish.  He  has  opened  a  modern  office  at 
2232  South  Sacramento  Street. 


/ 


o 


o 


\) 


I 


V 


II  A  2 

III  li 


POLISH 


Dziennik  JhicacQ^l^i ,    -©c.    lu,   1921. 

Tin,  .J.5]IJJ.u:  TivILORIUG  C;0..^.u:i~.i  POLIbll   CCHirCILVnON 


The  iUiierican  xailoriii.     Jo:.ipany,   v.hich  \;as  .:;ranted  a  cliarter  on  Dece.iber 
oO,   1919  by  the  ^tate  of  Illinois  to  do  busiiiuL:^   in   Jhica{z;o,    Jook 
County,    is  a  rolish  or^:anization.      This   concern  is  directly  relatec  to 
the  .uiierican  tailoring  Oo.apany  in  xoland.     The  employees  or  this 
Polish  organization  are  rolish   joojle  who  iiave  had  at   least  tv.ejity 
years   oJ   ex,  erience   in  the  tailoring  business   in  .-L.;ierica  and  Poland • 

The  .uaerican   lailorin:    Cor.ipany  -.manufactures  ready-iiiacle   clotnes  on  a  large 
scale   in  i-oliuid.      The  directors,    officers,    una   stockholuers  are   indivi- 
duals  V;ho  have  been   in  the  tailoring  business  for  aany  years.      It  v.as  only 
after  a  lone  discussion  that  tnu  loaoeaS   of  this   co..ipany  agreed  to   start 
a  branch  on  .jTiSrican  soil.     .^11  of  the  stoc^choluers  v.ere  farailiar  v-ith 
the  fact  that  .;iany  .uTierican  tailoriU;:  corporations  have  been  established 


/ 


m~^-     -^--"^ft^ll  -— "— -^'-- 


II 


2i 


III  H 


-  2  - 


Dziannik  Ohicagoski ,  l.ec.  10,  I'jSl, 


POLISH 


for  many  year^  and  have  built  up  a  bteady  clientele.  They  iaiew  that  a 
nujaber  of  theji  became  million-dollar  concerns.   In  the  li;;ht  of  this 
^/iaiov.ledgje/  they  could  not  affor*-  to  ex,  eriraent.  ^ince  Chicago  harbored 
one  of  the  largest  xolish  colonies  in  r^nerica,  they  chose  to  start 
their  business  here. 

The  progress  of  this  organization  has  not  been  vhat  the  Polish  brotherhood 
of  tailors  and  the  Polish  people  expected,  'ihere  are  raany  reasons  for 
this,  the  major  one  being  the  v.ar. 


This  company  v;as  organised  in  ai  sav.  during  I'JIO.  ^i.  solid  foundation 
\^as  placed  under  this  enterprise.   Cne  of  the  finest  buildings  of  its 
kind  v.as  built  at  40  Zabkowski  Street,  rraga-  arsav.  /a"  section  of  "arsa^. 
iilthough  this  building  v.as  erected  '..efore  the  vjar,  it  contains  r.iany 
modern  conveniences.   It  has  taree  j-irge  v;orl:siiops  anc  houses  ti.irty 


-•^MMMHI^MaMM 


SC^SHB 


II  .i 

III  K 


O 


rCLi::^'^' 


>^xx 


r-zieiinil:  Giiic-i-pSAi ,   ::ec.    1j,   1'j;31. 


other  business;  cojicenio,      .■.  part   o.t'  the  builc.in:;  rcniiinec    .iiiii.iishad 
bej^.ULu   oJ  tli';j  :.ur,      liov^ever,    it  hc:ii   beun  rece.itl./   coii^detert .      ihis 
ne\.  section  i^  Tive  storiv:^  hi  -a.      'ih-^  Toui   upjui'  rloorc  iire   used 
oTii.iarily  for  ackiiig  ciotaes,  v.  lilu  t.ie  vjrounc.  floor  i.:  divided  into 
ro..:r  larr^:e   ctc;res.      rhe  builuinr  a.i*..    oro-Dertv  ar.   coixt rolled  bv  the 
.uViCriccji  lailors   .. -ccc/^iolv^ers'   society. 


".verythinc  tna ,  has   been  acco  ..plished  b./  tiiL   co.  .::a.i7  ha^   been   considcieu 
a   "I'eat  ac^ievei.ient.      It  i.iust   be  redL^.e..  that   tliO  stoe  :  issued  -icvor 
esceeded  the  value  of  the  unter.n-ise,     .^  :*r8at  deal  oi    cooperation  was 
necessary,   to{^ether  v.ith  endurin^:  patience.      Oapitr""    had  to  be  raised, 
equip: lent   had  to   be  purchased,   a^ad   .uany  sacrifices  had  to  be  raade   in 
order  to  attain  the  ^iesired  r;oal. 

ihe   Qxpenseo  of  this   coiTipany  ar-r'   co.iparativel;/  Si.iall.     .-.11  jaenbers   of  the 
ad;-iinistrative  body  \.ori:  in  the     or pcjiization.      I'o  one  receives  a    .ension. 


II  ..  : 

III  H 


—     *±    — 


roLioii 


Dzieiinik  G  ■icagoski ,   "■ec,    10,    liiSl 


The  books   are  alv.ay^  ooen  to   the  .jriareholcers   a:id,    especially,   to  the 
reyreseiitativas  of  the  Polish  press.     The  .v.ericajx  Tailoriny,  Company 
in  Jhicaj.o  nao  tv.enty-thrtje  ,'iu..'ibers ;    i\.   ha;,   a  capital  of  ^30,000. 
xiccorain.::  to  one  of  the  directors  of  this   co:.:pany,    it  has  never  been 
the  policy  oi*  this   enterprise  to   float  i.iore  stock  than  has   been  ueelared. 


This  CO.  .OcUiy  is  'v.orkin, 


^  Ux 


the  interests.  Ox*  itf    organizers,   th.   rolish 


people,   anr.  i^olish  uanufactuiin.  .      I 
tinue  to  attend  this  xolish  co.iXiny. 


U  J.  "^ 


no  )ed  that   success  \dll   con- 


«      V 


v^ 


y 


f 


II  Ag 

1?a\ 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Chicagoski.  Dec*  8,  1921. 

RECENTLY  ORGANIZED  POLISH  BUSII^IESS  IfflN^S  CLUB  IN  THE 
NEIGHBORHOOD  OF  ST.  CiiSIMIR'S  PARISH  A  SUCCESS 


The  recently  organized  Polish  Business  Men*s  Club  in  the  neighborhood  of 
St.  Casimir's  parish  has  played  such  an  important  part  in  the  affairs 
of  the  locality  that  retailers  are  joining  its  ranks  in  order  to  gamer 
some  of  the  glory.  The  club  is  growing  rapidly  in  membership  and  financial 
status.  It  is  expected  that  within  a  fev/  months  all  Polish  merchants  along 
Twenty-second  Street  will  become  members  of  this  organization. 

To  the  Polish  Business  Men's  Club  belong  the  outstanding  buyers,  manufacturers, 
doctors,  dentists,  lawyers,  pharmacists,  etc.  It  is  this  banding  together  of 
outstanding  professional  men  of  this  vicinity  that  not  only  added  prestige  to 
the  club,  but  also  is  the  drawing  power  that  pulls  new  members  to  its  fold. 
Their  conscientious  cooperation  has  made  this  newly  organized  association  a 
success  from  the  very  beginning. 


II  A  2  -  2  -  POLISH 

III  A  ' 

II  Al  Dziennlk  Chicagoski.  Dec.  8,  1921. 

An  account  of  the  activities  of  the  Polish  Business  Men's  Club  is  always 
found  in  the  Polish  press.  Announcements  are  published  periodically. 
This  news  helps  the  readers  to  familiarize  themselves  with  the  doings 
of  this  club. 

The  officers  of  this  organization  are  as  follows: 

Leon  V/achowski,  banker president 

John  Fruzyna,  mortician  vice-president 

Ksawery  Czastka,  banker  secretary 

John  Poprocki,  druggist  treasurer 

John  Klimek,  John  Dygdon,  and  Dr.  John  Luczak  trustees 


-r 


V. 


^  I 


mmimmmmt 


11  A  2 


POLISH 


/  !j 


Dziennik  Ghicagoski,  Dec*  8,  1921* 

CONSUMERS  DAIRY  COiTANY  IN  BUSINESS  OVER  THIRTY  YEARS 

One  of  the  oldest  Polish  dairies  in  the  vicinity  of  St.  Casimir's  parish  is 
the  Consumers  Dairy  Company,  2216~22  South  Sacramento  Avenue.  This  dairy 
was  foiinded  by  Sylvester  Jaglowski  in  1891.   It  has  been  in  existence  over 
thirty  years. 

The  present  officers  of  the  company  are: 

Peter  S.  Jaglowski,  president  and  cashier,  Sylvester  Jaglowski,  vice- 
president,  A.  Jaglowski,  secretary,  Anthony  Fimnanek,  assistant  secretary  and 
manager. 


\:v 


II  A  2 


POLISH 


Dziennlk  Chicagoski,  Dec#  3,  1921* 

IMPORTANT  NOTICE  TO  THE  SHAREHOLDERS  OF  THE  UNIVERSAL 

MACHINE  i\ND  TOOL  CORPORATION 


(Announcement ) 

Notice  is  hereby  given  to  the  stockholders  of  the  Universal  Projector  and  Ma- 
chine Company  to  redeem  their  stock  before  December  7,  1921» 

The  committee  formed  by  the  old  stockholders  has  taken  the  company  out  of  the 
hands  of  the  receiver  for  a  stipulated  sum  of  twenty-five  thousand  dollars,  and 
has  turned  it  over  to  the  stoclcholders  who  have  suffered  a  loss*  This  notice  is 
given  to  those  persons  incurring  a  loss  so  that  they  will  not  complain  after 
this  redemption  period  expires. 

No  stock  will  be  sold  until  the  expiration  of  the  redemption  period.  Common 
stock  will  then  be  sold  at  twenty-five  dollars  a  share.  No  preferred  stock  will 
be  offered.  Money  should  be  sent  to  Theodore  Giese,  1182  Milwaukee  Avenue,  and 
Albert  Nowak,  2128  North  Leavitt  Street  between  the  hours  of  six  and  ten  P.  M. 


II  A  2 


POLISH 


-  2  - 


Dzieiinik  Chicagoskl,  Dec.  3,  1921, 
Information  pertaining  to  the  company  vdll  be  given  at  request. 


i    i 


/ 


The  Committee* 


-•A*^; 


rrrs  iaETi.'ijji 


gjN:1...li'liJ^:     ■■! 


II  A 

I  D  : 


o 


POLISH 


D^ieni'ilc  G  iica':os_l-:i  ,   Dec.    1,    10:21 


^r^^^     f"' t  j- Tf  -,C!     nT,  "i .  .^■;' 


Z^YS^VL  -  A  POLIS:^!  JOL{?0.l.JriOH 


Fron  tine  to  tine  v/e  have    'iven  space  to  the   spread  of  Polisii  cor  .'orations 
in  O'lioajo.     Hot  only  vd:)  v;e     ive  tleii    mblicity,   hut  also  support. 
One  of  these  f ir:::s   is   the  Illinois  Cylinder  'Jrlndin-:  ".  achine   Jor.oany, 
located  at  1005-09  './.   Division  otreet.     T  lis   firn  possesses  patents  on 
tv/o    jrindin^'  ,.iachines  that  ar^  hein;;  ::.anufactured  for    :rindin:,  and  polish- 
ing autoinobile   c^T-linders,     Flans  are  bein;:  nade  to   enter  the  autonotive 
field. 

The    oat  anted  ''Ace"    :rinder  has  "oroved  to   be  a  useful    )roduct.     T-ie 
"Triuriph"    jasoline  iiotor,   also  oatsnted,   has    ;^'eat  poissibillties  in  the 
autonotive  field,     .leae  .tly  this  r.iotor  oroved  tliat  it   surpasses  all  others. 


\ 


"\ 


^V 


i.T^aaaKr^rttat'i 


II 


^•i 


I  J  1  b 


Dzieiinik 


o 


J  dc-:;'::03''-^ 


POLISH 


ij3;:^^03^a^, 


-jec 


—  > 


1921. 


It  has  be^Px  report  jd  that   at  the   orecent  tLiie  it  functi  ns   one  hundred 
per  cent  better  than  any  other  iiotor  on  the  r.iarhet;    oarts  can   easily  be 
replaced  vrithout  the  nj^d  oi    an  e:q)art     echanic  or  h.L:;h  co- 1, 


u>.r» 


At  present  all  of  the  Polish  industrial  enterprise  :  are  surrerin j  oecause 
of  lack  of  capital.  Because  of  this  they  Q:rr  ■•':■   oxpand  to  any  lar^^e 
extent.  3esides  this  the  appearance  of  lo-.;~priced  i.achines  and  tools  from 
Surope  have  also  'osezi   irnvrtant  factors  in  rjtardin::  the  ,;routh  of  industry 
in  this  count r-^^. 


Tab   Illinois  Cylinder  'Trin:in  :  ::aGhine  Jonoany,  .;ith  its  patent'  d  e  :ulp- 
nent,  can  beco:ne  an  i:.:portant  :)rnducor  of  this  t\rpe  of  :.:achinery  and 


--  ■-'•4   ... 


,ic*i»jatJs.<**A!Sfiii  ijaif y1 


iV "I    -rTyT^il    ,».-'.- 


II  A  2 

I  D  1  b 


^zisnnu: 


Zh 


■os.:i 


POLISH 


>VOv^«  -**J  -Uv/tjX, 


coiroete  on  a  lar^e  scale  :;ita  3li:i:.ar  c  ^2:  v-;ni33,      Infor::ation  lias   oeen 
received  that  t.-is  Polish  concer.:  vjill   soon  in:;   ease   its   c  oital  b^,^ 


is-iumG  a 


locic  or?  stoclc. 


This   aided  ::  nev   .:i 


1   T 


0  0  used  to  build  a 


foundry.     From  a  .;oneral    :)oint   -:'£  vie;,  this   0  ripany  .las  a  ^-ood  oo-^ortunity 
to  make   *:ood. 


>^ 


^'■/v 


\ 


T" 


,  ^fc.aifrt.4(.ij»  *»MrMnii  1  ri — __ 


II  A  2 
I  D  1  a 
IV 


9 

P0LI3Hf'^• 


Dziennik  Zv;iaz]:ov;y,  June  I'j,   1919 • 
FHOi:  THE  IvIS^TIITa  OF  TIE  P0LI3H  BUSI^tlSS  IvUN'S  ASS'H. 


Con.^cious  of  their  duties,   the  Polish  Bur'inessrr.en*  3  Association,   at 
their  last  meeting,   organized  tv/o  new  institutions:     The  Merchant's 
Aid  Bureau  and  a  Chanber  of  Co:-jnerce,     The  r^eeting  vj-as  -leld  at  V/av;el 
hall,   on  June  4th.     Many  of  the  Polish  nerchants  were  :)resent.     To 
those  v/ho  v/ere  not  enli^^'htened  about  our  v/ork  and  ideas,  the  chair.ian, 
Mr.  A.  Bush  jave  all  necessary  infon^iiation  and  explanations.     Many  of 
the  nev;coners   joined  ou^^  ranks. 

For  trustees  the  follovang  v;ere  elected:     Mr.  Z.  Ulanovrski ,   for  three 
years;  Mr.  M.   Idzikowski   for  tv;o  years  and  Mr.   A.  Bush  f^r  one  year. 

Elected  to  the  board  of  directors  of  the  Polish  Chainber  of  Coriiaerce  7/ere: 
Mr.  S.   Gislak,  Mr.  P.  Krzoslov;ski ,  I>.   J.  Markowicz,  Mr.  J.   Hinski,  Mr. 
S.  Nov/akowski,  Mr.  K.  Tomkiev/icz,  Mr.   F.   V/achowiak,  Mr.  F.  Pontkovjski,  Mr, 
S.  Jakiel,  Mr.  W.  Perlov/ski,  Mr.  M.  Kaczr-arek ,  Mr.  J.  Buchaniec,  Mr.  Z. 
Flacz:Aiski,  Mr.  A.  Kjlesza  and  Mr.   L.   Sztycenber,::. 


v;^  / 


>s. 


II  A  2 

I  D  1  a 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


Dzlennik  Z\viazkovn/^,  June  10,   1919. 


V 


X 


The  neirV  officers  of  the  board  of  directors  are:  LIr.  K.  Torrid evjioz, 
chairman;  Kr,   J,  Buchaniec,   vice-chain.ian  and  I.lr.  W.  Perlov/ski,   treasurer. 


At  the  next  week's  neeting  a  sr)ecial  co-^mittee  v;ill  be  a^oointed  to  r)ush 
our  v/ork  ahead.  After  considering  a  fev7  .ore  business  inatters  the  Lieet- 
ing  v/as  adjourned  until  next  v;eek. 


J.   Buchaniec,   Secretary. 


■.-I..l\ 


m\t\  m«i  awm 


T 


IV 


Ilarod  lolS'-i,  Vol.  X/.III,   I.'o.    *  3,    June  4,   1919, 


POMS;i 


1  .  ^       O    -I  X  --  •■.    w 


A  nov;  Polish  ba::>   is    boi'i.    for^iici  in   the    Calvu^et   diotrict,   v:hich   includes 
South   Chic-.-[^o,   .iefevrlsch,    - nd   all   surroundiri;    ric.nufacturin  ;   districts. 


Tt 


has    been  decided   uj^on  tlu.t  tUe   ^hiicn   Lanh    of*  South    Ch'-C-jr-c,    cc  ducted 


until   nov:  as   a   priv:.-te   i  "otitrbio  i,   s..o.-ld    be   transxorr^ed   int(; 


.+-.-  - 


-^*         O   VJ  ■-•     o 


e 


L>an. 


A  ir.onth  c'.^:o,  llr.    Julius    ?•    Sn'etanh^;,   ;:resident   o  ''  the    Polish  Depositors 
Trust   and   Saving's    Bank   in  Tovrn  of   Lake,  v/as   called  upon  to   take  over 
the  directorship    in  put  jinr  thrcu;_h  the   i  rocedure   of  c:ianr:e,   I.ir#   S^aietanka 
found  this   banlc  in  an  excellent   financial    condition. 


T 


The    stockholders    of  tlic  nev/  sbo.tc   ba:i]:  vrlll   be  :..r 

!.<•   Pacz^-TLski,    Rev.    :*'.    .7cj talev/icz   and    ether  Poles,   xolish 

vrill    control   the    bank. 


^nietanka,  I.r. 
s to ckho leers 


T" 


II  A  2 


Karod   Pols):i,   Vol. 


^  wV  J -I.  J 


!•:  O 


POMSH 


lae   derosi'JS   oi     o 


■.e  bank  r,:.:ounl:   lo   ever    ,1,250,000,    cf  v;hich  one  half 


is   aeriosiT.eo.   07  zae  Poles, 


^^-^      4-V 


-L 


jr\. 


II   D   '^ 


c. 


IV 


I^arod  Tolslii,  Vol,   JLlIiI,   I;o 


n 


I'^^^^b, 


1019. 


POLISH 


-?■ 


r 


SrLl'.I.jID  DL3L0?l.I.:iZ:   Oy   i:ei.ISII   JUz>U..Al.CL 


^  T*T-;  "■  ^ 


(.  cprlnt    "ron  D;.ierj:.ik  i/-.rodcvr/,    2-lo-19) 

The   Chic:  j:o  EveniA     Post  v;rites;    "Pric   ia'eat  La!:es   nev/  locv.l   jire   Insurance 
Concern  riri/rcs  a    ^-ocd  start,  •" 

Furtiier  v/c  read    in  a   rel-.  cive   article:    ^'••.    the   ne;Y  fire  insurance   con- 
"oeuiv-    or-'^anized   .':  nl   backed  by  rroninent   local  Men.   and   nakin:    rarid 
strides   for    ul.e   sr.ort   tine    it  has   been  in   existence,    had   the   confidei'ice 
o'  the   public  at  the   s  hart   a:id   there    is  no   cuesti-n  but  that   the   cou- 
nan-'*  vrill      rov;  rapidly." 

So  v.Tites   a  noted  v/riter  c:i  econor.ncs  v/ho   conducts    in  the  Evening   Post 
thxC    ccrif.crcial   anl    fin^nci^.l    c^eparti.ient,    in  hlr,   report   on  insurance 
concerns. 


Of  course,   he  v.Tites   considerably  ricre   aocub   Great  La.kes  because   lie 
^joints    out  a  :.iore    p>.r*:.iculr.r    title  to   the    -'lublic   confi.ience   of    the 
officers  of    this   insurance   concern,   and  p-.rticularlv  its     president 


n  A.  2 


Ilarod  Pclski,  Vol*  XLIII 


•»  r 


a 


l^eb*   2G,   1919, 


i^ 


^isii  '  •^J.f..^i 


/ 


i:.  L,   Piotrov;sI:i,   forner   citj.'  attorney  under  l.ayor  liarrison;    p^lso 
president  q2    t.\e  Irolish  Ronan-Catholic  Union  ^.r]^;:,.  the  rolisli  IT-.ticnal 
Council  and  the  treasurer   cf  the  Polish  hational    heus.rtment«   no  says 
r.bout  hill  th^-.t   :ic   has  an  accouTilished  f:roresi;ional   knov/ledfe   and   ex- 
pericnce,  he  has   s^^lendid   cualifi?   ticns   for  an   officer  of   such  a 
concern.   Speakin;"  about  the   vice  president,  Albert   .Yachov/ski,   he  remarks 
that   he    Ix^car.e    -roninent   r.hrou  h  hie    ener^*"/^  in   the   fornation  of  the 
Alliance  of   Polish  hi^ildin     and  loans   as30ci:^.ticns,  v/hich  in  Illinois 
alone  represent    ^12, 000, 000  value*  A^out  the   secretary/  of  the   Great 
Lakes,    Julius   Sraietanka,   he    tenders   t.rt    ''the  vast  majority  of  th.e 
American  public   values  \\\ii  hi^'hly*"   I'inally,    about   tiie   treasurer  of 
the   firm,   John  F«   Smulski,   he  writes   about   his.  character  v:hat   all 
r-rorrdnent  i^jiericans    alv.ns'.vs  maintained  and  v/i-iich  v/as    t?ie   nron   for  the 
development   of  many  polisi:  rne^.tters,   as  at  precent   it   is  the    support 
of  the  affairs    of  the  Fatherland.   lie  mentions    also  the   renunciation 
of  sums   received  in  the   of -'ice  of   State   Treasurer. 


the  m^anac'er  of 


L.  :i 


he  firm  also  came 


In  the  rerort  cf  the  rivenin'*  Post 

out  v;ell,    a  vj-ell-lcnovirT  friend  o~the   Poles,   one   of  the  be::t  accountants 


II 


T   T  "Pi         *^ 


rod  iolslci.  Vol.  ynill  ,   l.o 


9,   Feb.   26, 


1919 


■pr.T  • 


'>^ 


^Jf 


.^\ 


r 


^-  >:. 


:-.  /y 


:i« 


C.   Ll:^.clc.   ^Vc  read    .  bcivb   ;iiin.     Ic  dis- 


ancl  exports   :.n  book-kcor.ir;;  ,   !'r. 
tin'-uislied   ..liL^elf  in  rc,;urd  to  rrinci;lc3   of  unden'rritin;'   in  the   ofrice 
o?   John  hnu^uiton  and  Coriran*.^   In::uranco   •i::chan"e,    in  v/iiich  firn  he    >vorked 
for   tor:   ^^v'.rs.  Afton-^cTds,   he  vris   cccretury  in  tlie  I.etropoli  r.an  ?ire 
InrAiranco   Coirirany.   Finally,  he  \:ck3    for    four  .-oc-rs    the  rirht  h-^.nd  in  both 


conpanicG   of  _.'\rold  V/.   Leton  and  r-xide   fcr  hinsclf    the   na:::e   of  an  able, 
encr^'etic  aiid    hcjne:^t  nana.er. 


*^Such  i.ien/'  vrrites 


finL:Lncial   editor   of  tiie   Lvenin'   roc':  ,    "have   rained 


for  the   .roat  Lahes    Insurance   Coimany  a   l.oGt   of    friends   and    ii'e^...rc 


u. 


for  it  an   ii-ir-ortant   success." 


In  fifurcs    trie    success    so   rrcsents    itself   that      t/.e  fim  has    in  ready 
i.ioney  a   subscribed  capital   of    ,200,000,   and    in  surplus   ccually    ,200,000, 
altogether    ;,400,000 


The  nunhcr  of 


s 


out 


»vn*e.:olacr 
lie    ■  nited  States, 


'S 


r 


fir.;  exceeds  3,000,  scattered  throurh* 


II 


ft     ^ 


D  Z 


/<; 


J?N 


l.'arod   rolshi.   Vol  ♦ 


Y  ''T  ■  T 


_ .  O  #     .".J     J  C  0  #     i.  C  ^     JL  i'  JL  J*  ♦ 


> 


At   t):e    Januarv  :';iGotin     ol'  t\\r,    shareholders,    after  the    ratification   of 
the   books,   and   an  exaression    of   praise   for  the   O'^fioers,    ib  vms   resolved, 
in  viev;   of   ':/.:e  r:\pin    rTov.i:!:   of  the   bvoincc,   to  raise  the  aeneral   caoital 
of  the    coirv.ny  to  a  nillion  dcll'^.rs   t-iroi.vhi    isouin  •  a   tliird  and    final 
series   oH  sh-  res,   vhnich    vfill   be    c:old  at    ^30  per   share.  As    the   second 


oories   at      25   is   alread."  sold   oat.    the    .'^ale 
bc^rin  at   once» 


O  I. 


Ir-  st  series  v/ill 


l\\o  Polish  ?ire    Insurance    vyu...j.. 


,-~\--"^  >->  o 


a:: 


VI 


;7ili    le  one  o. 
states  • 


■»  J.' 


•J. 


I. 


1 


oa'criv-L    cc:. names   ocm 


tal    of    one  iiillion  doll::rs, 
■  busi-ne^.:   in  the  United 


To  dabe    it   has    cOMT^lotod   l:"Suranco   of 


baildin  s   ar.ountin      to  the    siim  of 


over  tv;o  and   one  half  n*llio:'i  dollars  and   because  of  such  devclonMicnt 
it  needs   exransion  and  a  i.  incre..-se   in  the  subscribed   capitalo 


Tae    shares   of   t:.o    firr.i,   undoubbedly  in  a  neasn.re  of   such  further   develop* 
nent,   v/ill  rice,    and  the   one  v'ho  i 


II  A   2 

±1     u     ^ 


u 


larod   Polsl:i,   Vol 


T 


..'^>^« 


1   Oi  'xSii 


'  ->  yj.;  A 


/ 


c  ons  i  dc ra \^ le    't  of i t  • 


ThiG    is    .-^u:. ro.ntced  by    ohe    ii'i.Gnne    vliriftiness   in   o..'"-    conducti:?.     cT   t..e 


business.    The  above  iientioned  r.iair.  ofri'jcrs,   1-recident  !!•   L.    Piotrov:s]:i , 
/ice  .ro:.iaent  .^m    .^r:.c:iov:s.Li,    occebary  J,    ^nietaiilza   ruio.    Cas::ier  J.   r» 
Si:iuls-:i   do  not   receive  aiiy  salary,    Lilzev/ise,    bhc    directors   do  not 
receive   rciyt'..in     vf.ion  they  :.">eet#  iis   a    res'- It    of   this    t'.ic   cost   of  adriinis 

ibovit    75.,  s:-:"Laller   tiiar:  in  an"'  other    insr'rance   ccLivanv^ 


tr  ti'.n  is    '^ 


The    cfTiccrs    r-icnti.ned  to 


4-    -r,^' 


oh   i:io0    thei-iselves  t;,-     ':ash  oT  first   ];lacin{:" 
the    concern  on  s-c!\   :iei  dits    th  t    i:  vjiull   ser"e   as   c    :.:olol   for   other 
concerns   and  T:rove   thc.t    jhe   iolec  arc   indeed   excellent   or   ani::ers« 


'11 


rie 


4>. 


xct  t  n<'  t  "c 


e^Ads    cl    th'.s    cai.'ern  are  neor-^le   of   s*  cVi  ner-Si^re,    is 


the   best    ^u  rantec   cf  t"...e    s'.icces.;   of 
':h-reholder  need  v;orry  about   liis  :..oney. 


'^  f    ■        *  J  •  IT  'II 

v^ .  -  ._  o       <.'  -  i.  v^  O  i      'J.    J_  o  •  V       •  .  .'  lot.       I.  -  X  O  W        v'  .  .  >-  -  L>       -  HV 


The   ^'urch^^siti'    of  /ireat   Lahes   sh::.res   under  thcr;e   conditions    '^ill   nay 


%/ 


4 
« 


A  O 


D 


\j 


;.arod  Iclslri,   Vol,   :[XIII, 


D 


eo 


iji 


PCXIS.I 


ev  rybody,    ond   rAil    jo   an  honor    fco  iis   if    i."i     •dditiv.'n  to  a   Polish  b?.aikj 
v'liicb.  liar;   reached   rcsciir^es   u^.   to      lO^OOO,'' jO,   '.vo  ".*11.1    :r.ve   a    rreat 
insurance   corijorn,    rotatin-  nlllicns,   brin,:^ui;j   dividends   tc   iolish 

re   hi:  .dreds   of   o-^.-r   fello'/  country- 


sharehclaers  and    o--^'lo-"ir 

_  V 

men. 


•-;    (-•»        r-    -.  r 


f-.rb-- 


Anvone  v;ho   does  not    belon     to   th"t   lolisVi   coy.xan^'"  a^d    can,   :7e  v/ould 
advise   hi:i   tOj   believia,;   tli*.  t   c^n-    cciintr^"  icn  never   iiave   riad  an   opror- 
tLinibv  to  yl'^ce   tlieir   savin  s    in.  a   b- siness    so   c    :'tain  and    nayinf 
(so  v'ell)   as  the    abo'/e  mentioned,   v;ith   such   pron"  nent  ne.ple  at   its 
head* 


II  A  2 

II  F 


POLISH 


Dzlennik  Zwlazkowy^  Sept«  20,  1918» 

THE  POLISH  PALATINE  CORPORATION 
BDT5  A  BQILDHra 


The  Polish  Palatine  Corporation  has  completed  all  the  necessary  transactions 
in  the  purchase  of  a  large  building  occupying  two  corner  lots  in  the  heart 
of  the  Polish  business  district  in  the  Town  of  Lake  section^  at  47th  and 
South  Paulina  Streets*  After  the  necessary  alterations  are  completed,  the 
corporation  will  open  its  own  department  stores*  It  might  be  mentioned  here 
that  in  the  purchase  of  this  building  the  corporation  has  paid  cash,  so  that 
there  is  no  mortgage  on  the  property* 

This  is  a  great  step  forward  in  the  progress  of  this  corporation*  Hardly 
a  year  has  elapsed  since  it  opened  its  first  store  on  Milwaukee  Avenue,  and 
today  it  has  more  than  two  thousand  shareholders  in  its  fold  and  owns  its 
building*  The  officials  state  that  if  the  corporation  continues  to  progress 
as  it  has  heretofore,  by  next  year  they  hope  to  open  five  such  Polish 
department  stores* 


-T3 
O 

CO 


T 


II  A  2 
I  C 
I  G 
17 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy>  Sept*  9,  1918« 

REPORT  ON  TIE  MEETDCa  OF  THE  LEAGDE  OF  POLISH  BQIIDnsIG 

AND  LOA^I  ASSOCIATIONS  OF  ILLINOIS 


A  meeting  of  the  League  of  Polish  Buildine  and  Loan  Associations  of  Illinois 
v.'as  held  on  Saturday,  September  7,  1918,  at  Skarpinski  Hall,   3059  V/est 
Tiventy-second  Street*     More  than  thirty  delegates  v;ere  present,  representing 
eii^hteen  buildir.c,:  and  loan  associations.     The  meetiiXe;  was  called  to  order  by 
llT.  Albert  vVachowski,  president  of  the  League,  at  3:45  P.  M.     He  directed 
Kt.  Anthony  Vilodarski  to  call  the  roll  of  officials  and  delegates*     /^oj^ 
officials  were  absent,  Llessrs.   JoLn  Sakwinski,  vice-president,  and  Stanley 
Strzelecki,  treasurer.     The  follov;ing  associations  were  represented  /by 
delegatesT*  at  this  meeting:     Albert  V/achowski,  Casimir  Pulaski,   John  Sobieski, 
St.  Hyacinth,  V^iite  Eagle,  Tenth  I7ard,  St.  Hedwig,  Cracov/,  Skala  Polska,  King 
Casimir  III.,  Chopin,  King  7/alter  Jagiello,  St.   John  Cantius,  Prince  Joseih 
Poniatowski,  St.  i^jme.  Pioneer,  St.   James,    CSrunv/ald  ,  and  St.  Casimir. 


'II  A  2 
I  C 
I  G 
'IV 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zv/iazkovy,  Sept.  9,  1918* 


The  follov;in£;  nev;  buildin^^  and  loan  associations  were  admitted  as  members 
of  the  League:  the  Adam  Mickiev;icz  Association  of  Hawthorne,  Illinois,  and 
the  J.  Kraszewski  Association  located  in  the  vicinity  of  St,  Adalbert's  parish. 
Upon  acceptance  into  the  League  the  new  associations  paid  their  annual  dues. 

The  secretar;'-,  Ur.  A.  Wlodarski,  then  read  the  minutes  of  the  last  regular 
meeting.  They  were  accepted  as  read.  He  then  presented  some  proposals 
v;hich  had  been  introduced  at  a  special  meeting.  These  were  left  for  discussion 
as  unfinished  business.  The  president,  Mr.  Wachowski,  then  gave  a  report  on 
the  convention  of  all  the  building  and  loan  associations  throughout  the  United 
States,  held  in  Newark,  Nev;  Jersey,  last  month.  In  conclusion  the  president 
presented  his  written  report,  entitled  ♦'The  Present  War  and  Its  Influence  upon 
Humanity".  Mr»  Wlodarski  first  read  this  report  in  English,  and  the  author 
himself  then  read  it  in  Polish*  The  delegates  accepted  the  report  enthusiastical- 
ly. Then  follovxed  a  detailed  report  on  the  Polish  convention  recently  held  at 


J 


-  3  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zv/iazkovy,  Sept,   9,   1918. 


I  C 
I  G 
IV 

Detroit,  llichi/^an.  President  V.achcwski,  who  represented  the  League  of 
Polish  Building:  and  Loan  Associations  of  Illinois,  and  Mr.  W.  Grzegorzewski, 
vdio  represented  St.  Casirrir*s  parish,  presented  their  viev;s«  The  report  was 
accepted  with  acclain. 

The  president,  LIr.  Wachovjski,  next  informeu  the  delegates  tliat  on  September  28, 
1918  the  drive  for  the  sale  of  the  Fourth  Liberty  Loan  bonds  v/ill  begin •  He 
declared  that  it  is  the  duty  and  the  obligation  of  every  orcanization, 
corporation,  association,  and  individual  citizen  of  this  countrj'  to  give 
active  support  to  this  drive. 

Th.e  next  to  speak  on  this  topic  was  the  secretary,  IJr*  A.  V/lodarski,  who 
urged  every  one  to  buy  as  many  Govermient  bonds  as  possible.  He  then  made 
a  motion  that  the  League  of  Polish  Building  and  Loan  Associations  of  Illinois 
take  an  active  part  in  the  purchase  of  these  Fourth  Liberty  Loan  bonds,  as 
it  did  vAien  the  third  series  w^s  being  sold.  He  urged  that  all  individiid 


-  4  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkovy>  Sept,  9,  1918. 


II  A  2 
I  C 
I  G 
17 

building  and  loan  associations  beloncini:  to  the  Lea{nie  make  such  investments 
and  thus  aid  this  count rj'  to  defeat  its  foe  and  at  the  same  time  demonstrate  our 
loyalty  to  the  nation  by  giving  active  and  concrete  support  to  our  adopted 
country,  the  United  States  of  America* 

A  longer  speech  on  the  Fourth  Liberty  Loan  bonds  vjas  delivered  by  Mr.  Walter 
Grze^orzev/ski,  a  vrell-Vp.oxvn  leader  in  tiie  Polish  National  Alliance   groups 
and  one  oi"  the  most -proninent  and  diliceni-  workers  in  behalf  of  Polish  buiidin£- 
and  loan  associations.     On  his  notion  it  was  decided  to  ernpov;er  the  secretary 
of  the  League  to  direct  every  individual  building  and  loan  association  belon':::ing 
to   it  to  purchase  the   greatest  amoimt  possible  of  the  Foui*th  Liberty  Loan  bonds 
tl  rou Ji  thfi  League  of  Polish  Euildlns  and  Lojin  A::sociations  of  Illinois.     A 
committee  v;as  thc!i  selected  of  v;hich  the  business  v:ill  be  to  obtain  from  the 
proper  authorities  the  printed  matter,  permit,   receipt  books,   and  advert isr.ients 
necessary  in  the  sale  of  these  bonds.     The  follov/inc  delegates  were  placed  on 


A 


-  5   - 


POLISH 


Dzleniiik  Zv.aazkov.y,   Sept*   9,    1918. 


II 
I  C 
I   G 
IV 

this  coiriTiittee:     Messrs.  Albert.  V.achcv;.<3ki,  president,  ilnthony  V^lodarski, 
secretary,  and  Stanley  Strzelecki,  treasurer. 

Then  followed  an  exliaust Ive  discussion  ^^o  deterr.iin^  xvhether  or  not  the 
League  should  send  dele^tites  to  the  convention  of  the  International  Lea^^o 
of  Euildin^j  and  Loan  Associations,   to  be  held  on  September  11  and  12,    1918, 
at  Streator,   Illinois.     Messrs.   Grzecorzewski  and  Vfechovjski  opposed  sending 
deleoates  of  the  Lea{^e  to  this  convention.     They  based  their*  arguments  en 
the  fact  that  the  International  Leafjue  demands  prohibitive  r.iemlersl.ip  dues. 
These  fees  have  to  be  paid  by  the   individ\;ial  building:  and  loan  associations. 
The  InternationtJ-  League,  moreover,    is  of  no  benefit   to  the  Polish  buildiiij^ 
and  loan  associations,    since  for  the  money  obtained  from  Polish  groups  it 
advertises  its  buildin/3  and  loan  associations   in  non-Fo]  j  sh  newspapers.     The 
Poles  gain  nothing*  by  such  advertisements,   since  such  non-Polish  neivspapers 
never  reach  the  hands  of  Polish  readers*     xifter  a  thorou[jh  ccnsidere.tion  of 
this  iirrportant  matter  it  was  unanir.ously  decided  to  sever  connections  with 


Ca3 

CD 


II  A  2 
I  C 


-  6  - 


FCLISH 


Dr. i erni Ik  Zv/ia zlco;vy ,  Sept,   9,   1918, 


v'.>:. 


I  G 
IV 

the  International  Leamie  and  to  ceu5;e  malcin::  any  future  payinents  into 
its  treasury.     The  money  ccllected  fron  indivl^^ual  building  iind  loan  associationc 
affiliated  vd.th  the  Lea^rie  of  Polish  BuildiHii  and  Loan  Assoc iations  of  Illinois 
and  intended  for  the  International  Lea^nie  was  to  be  retained  by  the  Polish 
League.     The  adnini.^-tration  of  the  Polish  L9ac:ue  is  to  use  the  money  so 
collected  to  purciiase  advertisijij  space  in  the  Polish  ne;;spapers  in  Chicago. 
This  \7ill  be  of  more  benefit  to  all  the  individual  building  and  loan  associations, 
The  adr.iZiistration  of  the  Polish  League  was  ordered  to  communicate  immediately 
with  all  Polish  buildinfj  and  loan  associations  of  which  re^jresentatives  were 
not  present  at  this  meetin^%  v^rarnine:  such  associatioits  a^rainst  malcing  any  direct 
or  indirect  payments  to  the  International  League,     It  v/as  established  that  the 
officials  of  the  International  Lea{pie  v/ere  Germans  and  Jews,  v/hose  sole 
interest  was  not  the  welfare  of  the  Polisli  bui-Ulin^r  and  loan  association^^  but 
rather  their  own  financial  profit.     It  v/as  also  recomeiided  that  this  warning 
be  printed  in  all  the  Polish  neivspapers.     The  Polish  reporters  present  at 
this  meeting  promised  to  have  the  vjarnin-:  published  in  the  I.Ionda.j''  editions  of 


II  A  2 

I  C 
I  G 
17 


-  7  - 


POLISH 


Bsiennik  /Iv/iaskov.y,  Sept.   9,   1918, 


their  respective  newspfipers. 


With  respect  to  the  question  of  refusing  pa:T.ient  out  cf  buildin*;:  and  loan 
association  riirids  to  so-callod  alien  enoriies  in  accordance  v/ith  tho 
requireii^nts  or   the  lav;  it  ;vas  decided  to  comply  v/ith  the  demands  of  the 
fedoral  authorif.ie^;   v/ith  this  reservation,   hoxvever,   that  v/henever  a 
building  and  loan  association  ?ails  to  observe   such  regulations,   it  does  so 
at   its  o\^m  risk.      It  vms  recov.iaendol  t-iat   the  secretaries  of  individual 
building;  and  loan  associations  extend  courteous  treatment  to  menbers  wishing 
to  v/ithdraw  their  saving's.     Such  nembors  should  have  the  lav/  acainst   such 
withdrav/als  explained  to  then.     This  v/ill  prevent  a   feeling  of  ill  will 
a^'^ainst  the  buildinj  and  loan  associations   on  the  part  of  those  to  v/hon  the 
lav/  ap'^lies. 


o 


c 

09 


The   question  of  fire  insurance  v/as  left   in  the  hands  of  the   special  conmittee 


II 


-  s  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zv/iazkovn--,  3ept.  9,  1913. 


I  c 

I  G 
IV 

selecti;d  for  this  purpose*     It  v/ill  sive  a  report  of  its  acconplishr/ients 
at  the  next  r0:;ular  session  of  the  Polish  Leacue. 


The  final  iten  in  the  order  of  the  day  v/as  the  questioa  of  the  date  xvhen  the 
Polish  Lea^^e  sha3-l  hold  its  ne>:t  re^lar  session.      It  was  seen  from  past 
experience  tliat  Saturdai'*  is  not  a  very  convenient  day  on  v/hich  to  hold  snch 
raeetinrjs.     Llany  delegates  and  representatives  liave  been  unable  to  attend 
raeetinjs  /on  3aturda-v7  because  of  matters  requiri/ij;  their  presence  elsev/here. 
/kfter  t/ioiYJuJ.:  di:iCi3  3ion  it  v;as  decided  to  leave  the  disposition  of  the 
matter  to  the  forthcoiiino  aniaal  meetin^^.     It  ;vas  also  decided  tliat  the  next 
^e^^lar  session  of  the  Polish  Lea^^ae  shall  be  held  three  months  from  now, 
on  a  Sunday,  at  3  ?•  lU  .     The  place  of  the  ne:rb  meettn^:  is  to  be  desii^iated 
by  the  administration  of  the  Polish  League  after  coming  to  an  understanding 
v;ith  the  administration  of  one  of  the  associations  belon-?;ini;;  to  the  Leai^iQ. 
Having  complotod  the  business  of  the  day,   the  meotinj;:  i^jas  adjourned  at  6:30  P 
The  administration  of  the  Gaslnir  Pulaski  Buildin.^  and  Loan  Association,   in 


V 


2 


-  9  - 


rOLIbTi 


D7,ienniV  Zwiaakovr/ ,  Sept.   9,  1918, 


II  A 

I  c 

I  G 

the  q'oarters  of  v/hich  thir,  oectinj  of  the  League  of  Polish  Buildiui;; 
aai  Loan  Assooiations  "--td  b-Deu  held,    invited  the  delegates  present  to 
participate  in  an  informal  liinclioou  as  iiuesta  of  the  Pulaski  Association. 
'The  luncheo:;  had  been  pret)ared  at  the  personal  3xi)ense  of  the  administration. 


n  A  2 

17 


POLISH 


Dzlennilc  Zwlazkovjy^  Sept«  6,  1918, 


A  POLE'S  INVan'ION 


The  Dzlennik  Ziwiazkovgr  takes  pride  in  announcing  a  f^^mj  invention  /^B.tQTAQ^ 
by  a  Chicago  Pole.     The  invention  belongs  to  the  sphere  of  aviation,  an  activity 
v/hich  is  progressins  with  2?apid  strides,  and  the  real  value  of  which  nanifested 
itself  during  the  World  :^ar  of  1914.  _ 


The  inventor  is  Mr*  Gregory  Chraielinski,  of  2134  Irving  Avenue,     He  obtained 
a  patent  at  Washington,  D»  C#,  on  August  20,  1918,  protecting  him  against  any 
infringement s.     Having  the  patent  in  his  name,  Mr*  Ohmielinski  is  now  in  a 
position  to  interest  a  wider  public   in  his  invention.     Above  all,  our  own 
larger  Polish  financial  institutions  should  be  interested  in  an  invention  of 
that  tjrpo*     They  should  offer  all  financial  assistance  possible  to  put 
Mr*  Ohmielinski  •  3  idea  to  practical  use. 


c.» 


Mr.  Ohmielinski* 3  invention  i.i  in  connection  with  aeroplane  motors  of  the 


II  A  2 
IV 


^  2  ^ 


Dzieimik  2vjlazk07jy>  3ept«  6,  1918* 


POLISH 


transport  type.  It  solves  the  problem  of  the  constniction  of  aeroplanes 
capable  of  transportins  a  large  number  of  passengers  or  heavy  loads  of 
freight.  In  short,  llr.   Ghmielinslci  is  the  creator  of  a  whole  aeroplane 
train,  as  it  were,  to  transport  both  passengers  and  freight.  In  tine 
of  war  an  aeroplane  of  Mr»  Chmielinski*3  type  would  be  useful  for  the  rapid 
tiransportation  of  soldiers  and  ammunition. 


r- 


.  > 


The  Department  of  V/ar  in  V/ashington  will  andoubtedlj^  make  use  of  this  invention, 
the  work  of  one  of  our  own  people.     This  is  especially  true  in  view  of  the 
fact  that  the  cost  of  constructing  an  aeroplane  of  Mr»  Chmielinski^s  type  is 
not  prohibitive.     On  the  contrary,  the  cost  of  construction  and  the  operating 
cost  are  more  than  reasonable,  and  its  practicability  exceeds  that  of  any 
other  transport  plane  of  its  type. 


II  A  2 

I  D  1  b 

III  A 
IV 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Z7?iazkowy.  Anr.,   23,  1918, 

REPORT  ON  IKS  ASSOCIATiD  POLISH  TRADERS' 
AND  DIP0RTjSR3»  CORPORATION 


A  meeting  of  stockholders  of  the  Associated  Polish  Traders'  and  Importers' 
Corporation  was  held  on  Monday,  August  19,  1918,  at  eight  o'clock  in  the  eve- 
ning, in  the  Polish  .Vomen's  Alliance  Hall. 


;» 


The  stockholders,  informed  in  advance  by  mail  and  by  the  nev/spapers  of  the  forth-[7 
coming  meeting,  began  to  gather  even  before  half  past  seven.  The  attendance  v;as  i' 
so  large  that  by  eight  o'clock  nearly  all  the  seats  were  already  occupied, 

J* 

The  meeting  was  formally  opened  by  the  president  of  the  corporation,  I^.  Z. 
Ulanowski.  He  presented  the  charter  granted  to  the  corporation.  He  made  a 
brief  report  on  the  present  condition  of  the  corporation  and  spoke  of  the  great 
task  that  the  organized  shareholders  have  before  them, 

Mr.  Eugene  Monczynski,  the  financial  secretary,  was  called  upon  to  give  a  report 
on  the  present  condition  of  the  treasury.  He  gave  an  itemized  report  of  receipts 


II  A  2 


-  C"  _ 


POLISH 


Dzlennik  Zwlazko;vy.  Anr^.   23,  1918. 


I  D  1  b 
III  A 
IT 

and  expenses.  The  number  of  shareholders  still  delinquent  in  their  dues 
was  also  reported  by  the  financial  secretary.  He  urged  those  now  in  arrears 
to  pay  up  their  contracted  debt  to  the  corporation  because  the  administration 
contemplates  opening  a  wholesale  grocery  ;varehouse  sometime  in  September,  The 
report  further  disclosed  that  the  corporation  to  date  numbers  417  Polish  grocer§^ 
and  bakers  who  have  bought  shares  in  this  Polish  merchants*  corporation.       5 

Messrs.  A.  Busch,  J.  Sejud,  and  S.  Cielak,  members  of  the  revision  committee,   P 
confirmed  the  financial  secretary's  report.  ^ 

After  this  report  questions  were  asked.  The  secretary  and  the  president  gave  ■ 
satisfactory  answers  to  all  the  questions  DUt  to  them. 


The  organizer,  Llr.  Stanley  Jakiel,  was  called  upon  to  give  a  report  of  his 
activities.  Ke  gave  a  detailed  account  of  what  has  been  accomplished.   TSie 
members  accepted  the  report  with  .^reat  enthusiasm  and  satisfaction,  i^'ollowing 
this  the  president  issued  certificates  to  those  who  have  paid  in  full  for  their 
shares. 


II  A  2 


-  3  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkov.y,  Aug.  23,  1918. 


I  D  1  b 
III  A 
IV 

The  shareholders  held  a  livel'^  discussion  on  the  site  of  the  v/holesale 
warehouse.  They  considered  the  propositions  suggested  by  the  directors.  The 
arguments  v;ere  settled  when  a  motion  was  made  and  carried  to  leave  the  matter 
to  the  disposition  of  the  directors. 

A  motion  was  made  by  one  of  the  shareholders  to  discuss  the  matter  of  the  Polish^ 
convention  held  in  Detroit.  A  proposition  that  the  corporation  should  send  a  2 
delegate  to  this  convention  received  due  consideration.  "^ 

It  was  finally  decided  that  no  delegate  be  sent  by  the  corporation,  but  the    — 
directorate  was  to  send  a  cone%ratulatory  telegram  to  the  convention. 

.Vhen  the  matter  of  Polish  business  was  being  considered,  Mr.  M.  Golinowski  made 
a  motion  to  adopt  a  resolution  calling  all  Poles  to  active  work  in  the  field  of 
promoting  Polish  trade  and  commerce. 


The  resolution  was  summarily  prepared  and  read  to  the  members.  It  was  adopted 


0 

\ 


II  A  2 


-  4  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  Aug.  23,  191S. 


I  D  1  b 
III  A 
IV 

unanimously,  and  it  was  recommended  that  it  be  published  in  all  the  Polish 
newspapers  in  Chicago. 


Polish  businessmen  as  well  as  private  persons  who  have  already  purchased  shares 
in  this  desirable  and  well-guaranteed  enterprise,  the  wholesale  grocery  ware- 
house, express  their  appreciation  to  those  who  understand  the  needs  of  our 
people,  and  who  organize  for  the  purpose  of  forming  greater  business  undertaking 
These  shareholders  urge  the  co-operation  of  those  who  have  thus  far  remained  in- 
different or  neglectful  of  their  own  welfare  and  the  betterment  of  Polish  busi- 
ness conditions.  Such  businessmen  take  money  from  our  Polish  working  people 
but  turn  it  over  to  non-Polish  wholesale  houses.  This  may  be  attributed  to  the 
fact  that  there  have  been  no  Polish  concerns  to  deal  with.  But  on  the  other 
hand  such  businessmen  are  also  to  blame  because  in  their  failure  to  support  the 
Associated  Polish  Traders*  and  Lmporters*  Corporation  they  are  hindering  the 
good  work  already  started. 


Sr 


r 
\. 

r 
r 

r- 


Upon  the  completion  of  all  business  the  president  adjourned  the  meeting.  The 


II  A  2 


-  5  - 


POLISH 


Dzlennlk  Zwiazkoi.vy>  Aug.  23,  191B. 


I  D  1  b 
III  A 
lY 

members  left  the  hall  with  this  encouraging  thought  in  mind,  that  better 
times  are  in  sight  for  our  Polish  businessmen.  Ihey  felt  that  although  not 
all  our  people  are  as  yet  active  in  promoting  Polish  business,  nevertheless 
those  who  support  the  movement  contribute  to  the  productive  work  of  Polish 
enterprise.  It  is  sincerely  hoped  that  there  will  be  more  and  more  of  such 
patriotically  minded  Poles. 


-T1 


II  A  2 


I  D 
IV 


1  b 


POLISH 


Dziennlk  Zwlazkowy,  Aug.  23,  1918. 

RESOLUTION  OF  1HE  i^^SOCIATJSD  POLISH  TRADERS' 
Aim   IMFORTiSRS'  CORPORATION 

The  members  of  the  Associated  Polish  Traders'  and  Importers'  Corporation, 
gathered  on  August  19,  191B,  in  the  Polish  .Vomen's  Alliance  Kail  at  1209  North  t?= 
Ashland  Avenue,  Chicago,  Illinois,  upon  a  motion  made  by  Air.  M.  Oolinowski,  do  5 
adopt  the  following  resolution:  -^, 


•^ereas,  The  Poles  of  Chicaf^io  are  predominantly  of  the  hard-working  class  and 
are  burdened  with  large  families;  and 

^ereas.  This  same  Polish  Dopulace  is  obliged  to  purchase  its  food  at  a  price 
that  is  one-third  higher  than  it  would  be  in  organized  business;  and 

;Vhereas,  In  spite  of  the  fact  that  this  Polish  populace  pays  higher  prices, 
Polish  business  is  unable  to  rise,  since  it  does  not  possess  its  own  enter- 
prises or  wholesale  houses;  and 


4J1 


II  A  2 


_  9  _ 


POLISH 


I  D 
IV 


1  b 


Dzlennlk  Zwlazkowy>  Aug.  23,  1918 


V/hereas,  Polish  businessmen,  not  having  Polish  wholesale  houses,  are  obliged 
to  pxirchase  goods  from  people  of  non-Polish  nationality  and  pay  higher  prices 
and  by  so  doing  are  compelled  to  retail  at  a  higher  price;  and 

;Vhereas,  Such  conditions  prevail  because  many  Polish  businessmen  fail  to  recog- 
nize the  benefits  that  might  arise  of  such  co-operative  enterprises,  which  would 
prove  to  their  advantage  as  well  as  to  that  of  the  purchasers;  and 

VJhereas,  Because  of  such  failure  to  recognize  the  benefits  /of  such  an  enter- 
prise/^ businessmen  abstain  from  co-operating  with  any  such  movement  to  better 
the  business  conditions  of  Polish  retailers;  and 

7/hereas,  Such  lack  of  good  will  or  failure  to  understand  v/hat  is  for  the  general 
good  annually  causes  to  our  people  enormous  financial  losses;  and 

iiWiereas,  It  is  high  time  that  our  people  contemplate  serious  action  to  create 
bigger  and  stronger  Polish  trade  and  commerce;  therefore,  be  it 


-rj 


r 

I 


II  A  2 


I  D 
IV 


1  b 


-  3  - 


Dziennik  ZwiazkOY/y>  Aug.   25,   1918, 


POLISH 


Resolved,  That  we  offer  recognition  and  words  of  encouragement  to  those  who 
understand  this  need,  and  who  have  given  active  support  to  create  such  Polish 
co-operative  enterprises,  and  that  we  call  upon  our  Polish  people  and  urge  them 
to  support  such  Polish  enterprises  and  all  those  Polish  people  who  by  the  mere 
fact  that  they  even  think  of  co-operative  trade  and  are  not  motivated  merely  by 
the  thought  of  personal  gain  are  deserving  of  the  support  of  our  buyers,  since  -^ 
they  create  a  better  name  for  the  Polish  people  among  other  nationalities;  and  '^Z 
be  it  further  J 

_  ■•»•■> 

Resolved,  That  a  copy  of  this  resolution  be  forwarded  to  and  spread  upon  every  f'^ 

Polish  newspaper  in  Chicago.  ^- 


Zenon  Ulanowski 
Thomas  Rolewicz 
Eugene  Honczynski 
Al.  Napiorkowski 
Stanley  Jakiel 
Joseph  Sejud 


.;■■"> 


II  A  2 
I  D  1  b 
IV 


-  4  - 


Dziennlk  Zwiazkowy,  Aug.  23,  1918. 


POLISH 


Alexander  Busch 
Stanley  Cielak 
John  Malek 


Directors 


c.i-^ 


II  A  2 
I  D  1  b 


POLISH 


Dzlennik  Zwlaakow»  Aug*  21,  1918  • 
CREATIVE  WOHK  OF  POLES  IIT  TRADE  MD  COMMERCE 


The  Poles  have  finally  applied  themselves  seriously  to  a  rather  important 
matter.  They  are  cojobininG  and  forming  their  ovm  trade  and  commerce 
associations.  They  pool  together  their  small  savings  and  concentrate  their 
ideas  and  their  abilities,  and  in  that  way  they  create  a  nevi  power — a  power 
that  thus  far  has  been  little  knoi*ni  to  exist  among  Poles. 

Our  people  have  finally  come  to  realize  that  in  this  modern  age  an  individual 
relying  solelj^  upon  his  ovjn  resources  cannot  accomplish  a  great  deal.  Other 
nations  now  have  povjerful  and  well-financed  organizations  in  every  branch  of 
trade  and  commerce.  Consequen^.ly  we  Poles  must  also  build  up  our  trade  and 
commerce  on  a  nev;  pattern  and  in  a  different  ivay  than  that  which  has  been 
follov/ed  thus  far. 

Coments  are  heard  from  all  parts  of  the  world  relative  to  the  creative  work 


Co 


II  A  2 
I  D  1  b 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


Dzionrillc  Zytiazkox^y   Aug.  21,  1918 


of  Poles  in  that  direotion.  And   so  in  Cracov;,  Poland,  a  Polish  steamship 
lino  has  already  been  or^^anized.  The  purpose  of  this  corporation  is  to 
get  into  Polish  hands  Poland's  ;vaten'/ay  trade.  It  has  another  airi  also, 
and  that  is  to  create  a  Polish  mercitant  marit\a  when  Poland  gains  access 
to  the  sea.  A  Polish  inport  and  export  corporation  is  nov/  being  formed  in 
Gopenhaf^en,  Deninark.  It  is  expected  that  with  the  terraination  of  the  V/orld 
V/ar  trade  on  a  vast  scale  will  berin  betweijn  Poland  and  otlier  nations.  As 
a  result  of  this  the  Poles  can  see  that  they  should  endeavor  in  every  possible 
manner  to  make  certain  that  at  least  a  part  of  that  trade  shall  come  into 
Polish  hands • 

The  Poles  in  Chicago  are  also  malcing  great  strides  forward.  Several  ir.portant 
associations  and  corporations  have  been  formed  in  the  last  few  years.  In 
Chicafp  alone  such  corporations  have  been  created  as  the  Polish  VWiolesale 
Grocers'  Corporation  and  the  Polish  Trade  Corporation.  This  latter  corporation 
conducts  classes  which  are  rendering  hundreds  of  our  people  well  versed  in 


• 


II  A  2 
I  D  1  b 


-  3  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zviie.zkovry,   Aug.  21,  1918. 


matters  of  trade  and  conmercs.  The  Polisli  Goimuercial  and  Industrial  Circle 
is  another  exaiuple  of  our  solidarity*  Tlien,  acain,  we  have  the  Great  Lakes 
Fire  Insurance  Company,  the  Providers*  Life  Insurance  Company,  and  other 
corporations.  This  same  or,';anization  moverient  in  the  field  of  trade  and 
coiunerce  is  becomin^^  more  and  more  evident  in  other  cities  and  tovms  in 
America  with  a  larr,e  Polish  population. 

All  this  prop:res3,  hov/ever,  is  merely  the  proverbial  drop  of  water  in  the 
ocean  in  comparison  to  the  enormity  of  the  task  ahead  of  our  people.  We 
need  lit-.erally  hundreds  of  sinilar  corporations. 

If  our  people  seriousl:/  contemplate  accomplishing  things  in  the  world  of 
trade  and  commerce,  we  must  (];radually  embrace  all  the  branches  and  spheres 
of  the  nation's  business.  The  Polish  convention  hold  at  Detroit  has 
rendex^ed  our  people  an  invaluable  service  in  tliat  respect  by  calling  into 
beinc  the  Department  of  Polish  Trade  and  Commerce.  The  task  and  the  purpose 


II  A   2 
I  D  I'b 


-  4  - 


POLISH 


Dzieniiik  ZwiazkoviC^,  Aug.   21,   1918 • 


of  this  Department  are  to  encDurat^e  Poles  to  v;ork  in  the  field  of  trade  and 
coinmerce.     It  v/ill  sive  our  people   instructions  on  hov/  to  create  and  organize 
associations  and  corporations.     It  will  also  'teach  the  Poles  hov/  to  conduct 
enterprises  of  trade  and  comnerce  in  order  to  achieve  the  highest  posfiible 
f^roivth  and  development. 


The  Poles  have  already  begu'i  to  work   in  that  direction.     Their  endeavors 
are  earnest  and  sincere.     The  only  thine  left  for  us  to  do   is  to  make 
certain  that  this  admirable  work  once  started  shall  not  die  but  on  the 
contrary  shall  be  allowed  to   grov;  and  develop* 


o 

Co 

ro 


»y^ 


II  A  2 

II  D  2 
IV 


POLISH 


.r 


V^ 


Karod  Polski,  Vol^  XXII,  ^o.   2S,  July  17,  1313. 

SFLEilDID  EVIDEi.CE  CF  POLISH  SI^ERGY 

POLISH  FIME  Il^SURAi.CE  COi^Al^  IS  DEVELOPII.G  BRILLIAi^jTLY 

(Reprint  rrom  Dziennik  NarodoY/y,  Llay  16,  1913). 

If  anyone  reproaches  the  Poles  by  saying  that  they  are  romantic,  senti- 
mental, nob  capable  of  sober  -tiiloking,  calcidating,  he  is  wrong  and  let 
the  brilliantly  developing  Polish  fire  insurance  company,  called  Great 
Lakes  Insurance  Company,  serve  to  him  as  proof*  This  company  is  conducted 
in  a  real  business  way,  according  bo  the  newest  systems,  in  a  commendable 
well-ordered  nRnner.  Offices,  v/hich  the  company  first  occupied  in  a 
building  on  Monroe  Street,  v/ere  found  to  be  too  siaall.  On  this  account 
they  were  moved  to  the  gigantic  Insurance  Building,  where  ail  l^ie  largest 
firms  of  this  kind  in  Chicago  are  located.  In  this  building  the  Great 
Lakes  Insurance  Company  occupies  an  entire  wing  on  the  ninth  floor • 

The  business,  conducted  skillfully,  dexterously,  energetically,  is 


II  A  2 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


mrod  Folsici,  Vol.  XXII,  i;o.  29,  July  17,  1913.' 

producing  unexpected  results.  The  largest  American  firnis  in  Chicago, 
like  Swift,  Morris,  Thomas  V/ilson,  Armour,  Marshall  Field,  etc», 
have  insured  themselves  against  fire  for  gigantic  sums  in  this 
Polish  insurance  company • 

The  present  tine  is  exceptionally  beneficial  for  carrying  on  a  fire 
insurance  business.  On  account  of  the  war  the  large  European  com- 
panies, German,  Austrian,  lost  their  right  to  conduct  business  here» 
Due  to  this,  hundreds  of  thousands  of  fire  insurance  policies  liad  to 
be  turned  over  to  American  firnis  •  These  were  so  overburdened  that 
new  policies  were  being  turned  ov-r  to  very  many  new  insurance  com- 
panies, the  largest  among  tliem  being  the  Great  Lakes* 

The  Shares  of  the  Company ♦  The  shares  -which  the  company  is  selling 
today  for  $25  each,  are  selling  today  at  100  per  cen-c  more  than  when 
they  v/ere  $20  each.  The  management  of  the  company  likewise  is  of  the 
opinion  tliat  the  present  price  of  tiie  shares  is  too  lov/  and,  according 


.  > 


'-U 


ii'.A. 


^1 


r> 


A  2 


-   3   - 


PCL ISH 


^>. 


X^ar^d  Pol  ski  ^  Vol*   XUl,   IJo.    29,   July  17,    1313* 

to  the*  business  that  the   company  is   doing,    the   price  of   the   shares 
will   soon  have   to  be  advanced  to  ^^50 

The   Great  Lakes   Insurance   Company  has  already  over  2,000  shareholders 
scattered  all   over  America,    and    even  in  Canada, 

It  is    generally  known  -b-iat  the    above  mentioned  firm  has  at   its  head 
people   such  as  no  other  Polish  interests  in  America  can  be  proud  of. 
The  president   of   the  firm  is  the  universally  known  !vlr»  bi.  L.  Piotrowski, 
the  present  presidait  of   the  Polish  Roman-Catholic  Union,   former  attorney 
of  the    City  of    Chicago,   an  alderman  and   v/'ealthy;    the   vice-president    is 
oixr  vigorous   campaigner,  Albert  Vfachowski,   bank  owner  and   founder  of 
Polish   loan  companies;   the    secretary,   Julius  Smietanka,   president   of 
a   bank  in  Town  of  Lake  and   government  excise   collector  for   Chicago, 
the   cashier   is  the   generally  known  and   respected  John  F»   Smulski, 
president    of  the  liorthwe stern  bank  and    former   treasurer  of  the  State 
of  Illinois. 


A  business  which  has   such  men  at   its  head,    so  vj-ealthy,   so  well   knov/n 


II  A  2 


POLISH 


V 


.^ 


fl. 


r<' 


<J 


Karod  Pol  sin.  ^  Vol.  KXII,  no.   29,  July  17,  1913. 

to  the  Poles  arid  repeated,  must  surely  raise  confidence  in  our  people 
and  have  its  general  support* 

It  is  knoY/n  that  there  is  no  other  business  in  America  so  great,  which 
pays  so  well,  that  brings  such  great  profits  to  its  shareholders,  as 
the  fire  insurance  business.  A  man  who  bought  a  few  years  ago  a  share 
at  ;J100  in  the  American  Fire  Insurance  Company  in  Ijewark,  U.   J«,  has 
today  in  that  company  $5,000,  from  which  he  collects  $600  interest 
annually.  In  other  v/ords,  JlOO  placed  in  that  company  is  bringing 
$600  annual  interest. 


ViTanting  to  increase  the  company's  business  ar^  \    --^'read  it  throughout 
all  the  states,  the  company  has  been  laivf^ally  authorized  to  increase 
its  Capital  and  siarplus  to  i;600,000. 

At  present  the  shares  are  being  sold  for  .i:25. 


II  A  2 


"   O   •• 


POLISH 


Uarod  Polski,  Vol.,  lail,  i^o.  29,  July  17,  1913. 


.   . ,"         <-   . 


One  should  remember  that  it  is  best  to  buy  shares  v;lien  they  are  being 
sold  by  a  corapany  just  starting  in  business,  because  later  on  one  has 
to  pay  hi^h  prices,  aixi  quite  often  tlie  shares  cannot  be  bought  at 
any  price.  The  Great  Lakes  Conpany  has  issued  its  second  and  last 
series  of  shares,  and  just  as  soon  as  they  are  sold,  no  more  will  be 
issued. 

Those  who  would  like  to  place  <^100  or  more  in  this  institution,  v/hich 
will  not  only  brin^  great  profits  in  dividends,  but  whose  share  value 
will  increase  many  tiiiies,  should  sign  the  coupon  belov;  and  send  it 
to  our  office  or  call  in  person, 

Sreat  Lakes  Insurance  Company 
175  »7.  Jackson  Blvd# 
Chicago,  111, 


II  A  2 

III  H 
IV 


POLISH 


Dziennlk  Zwlazkowy,  July  17,  1918. 


ami   AND  IMPORTANT  POLISH  INVENTION 


A  few  days  ago,  we  had  occasion  to  see  Dr.  L.  S.  Szumkowski^s  model  of  an 
extremely  interesting  and,  in  our  opinion,  very  important  invention  he  has 
Just  completed.  It  is  an  apparatus  that  will  extend  considerably  the  use  of 
the  motor  truck  in  farm  labor.  It  consists  of  a  simple  attachment  to  the 
wheels  of  an  ordinary  automobile,  that  is,  a  rim  with  wide  blades,  irtiich  makes 
it  possible  to  use  the  automobile  as  motive  power  needed  in  plowing.  These 
rims  are  in  two  sections  for  each  wheel  and  are  screwed  together  in  such  a 
way  that  it  takes  but  a  few  minutes  to  attach  them  to  each  of  the  four  wheels* 
The  blades  are  very  strongly  placed.  A  plow  with  one,  two,  or  three  blades 
is  then  attached  to  the  automobile  that  has  been  thus  equipped,  and  the  hardest 
plowing  job  can  be  done,  work  which  would  require  the  use  of  four  horses*  It 
should  be  added  that  not  much  of  the  automobile's  speed  and  power  is  lost  at 
this  work,  and  considering  the  fact  that  horses  tire  easily  and  must  stop  to 
rest,  the  use  of  the  machine  will  greatly  increase  the  output  of  work. 


-T3 

o 


CO 


II  A  2 

III  H 
IV 


o 


PCLISII 


Dziennik  Zv7iazkov:^>',  July  17,  1918 


Dr.  Szuiiil:ov;ski  plans  to  form  a  coiiipany  for  the  Lianufacture  of  motor  trucks  with 
this  adaptation  to  farming.  Actually,  he  v/ill  cive  the  fanner  tv/o  i.iachines  in 
one:  notive  pov;er  for  farm  labor,  and  an  ordinar::  truck  for  transportation  of 
farm  products,  since  the  bladed  rims  can  be  detached  and  the  regular  v/heels 
used  on  roads. 

Dr.  S2uml:ov/ski  plans  to  manuf ;^<cture  his  nev/  truck  on  a  larf-e  scale,  for  exporta- 
tion to  Poland  to  facilitate  the  work  of  restoration.  There  can  be  no  doubt 
that  the  machine  v:ill  prove  very  useful  in  post-v;ar  farm  v/ork  in  Poland. 

In  talking  oo  us  of  his  plans,  Dr«  Szuriikowski  said:  "Concern  with  Polish  affairs 
is  the  duty  of  every  Pole.  In  fulfilling  this  duty,  I  stopped  to  consider  how 
best  to  help  Poland  after  the  war  is  over,  and  I  came  to  the  conclusion  that  the 
best  thing  I  can  do  is  to  organize  a  company  which  v/ould  undertake  to  export  to 
Poland  on  a  large  scale  not  only  these  inexpensive  machines  but  also  plows, 
motor  trucks,  and  so  on,  all  of  v:hich  will  be  most  irmediately  necessary  in  post- 
v;ar  Poland  if  agricultui*e  is  to  be  renewed  to  a  large  enough  extent  to  feed  the 


-o 
o 


CO 
CD 
ro 

en 


II  A  2 

III  H 
IV 


-  5  - 


FCLISII 


Dzlennik  Zv;iazkowy,  July  17,  1918. 


people  properly.  I  air.  not  doinc  this  for  r>ersonal  profit,  and  I  v/ill  be  ready 
to  relinquish  direction  of  the  enterprise,  even  the  fev/  thousand  dollars  capital 
I  have  already  invested,  to  any  countr^Tuan,  or,  if  at  all  possible,  to  any 
Polish  fim  that  can  {^un  ran  tee  export  of  at  least  five  thousand  of  t:iese  ma- 
chines to  Poland  within  a  civen  period  of  time,  let  us  say,  within  a  fev;  years. 
I  am  v/illing  to  relinquish  ir.y  patents  also,  since  I  will  have  attained  my  goal 
completely  and  achieved  my  ambition.  To  send  five  thousand  such  raachines  to 
Poland  v/ould  not,  after  all,  be  anything  extraordinary,  and  those  machines  could 
work  enough  ground  to  food  a  million  or  more  people  I  Tai<:ing  this  into  con- 
sideration, one  is  v/illing  to  sacrifice,  even  to  lose  money,  for  the  moral 
satisfaction  gained  is  ample  profit  for  the  effort  e^rpended." 


o 

CO 

JO 
ro 
■ — I 
cr» 


V/e  ho-ce  that  Dr.  SzuiiwOv/ski * s  plans  ai^  realized  to  the  fullest  extent. 


& 


II  A  2 
I  D  1  a 
IV 


FOLISII 


Dziennil:  Zyfiazkovt^-,  Apr.  :i4, 


1918. 


P^-JCIJIVSR  .VFrCII.'ITaD  ?0R  B-JTii^^UPT  FIDrJLITY  ST-'.Cii  BhlK 

l^ie  banlviniT^tcy  case  of  the  Fidelity  :~tate  Banl:,  located  at  2954  I.ilv/aukee 
Avenue,  closed  last  ^''ebruai^^  by  the  state  authorities  because  of  insolvency, 
has  talcen  a  nev;  turn.  ".'.  Szrojda,  v;ell-l:nov/n  Pole  and  former  county  com- 
nissioner,  v/as  recently  appointed  receiver  for  the  banicrupt  institution. 
Szrojda  vr:.s  appointed  oy   Superior  Court  J"udre  i'oell  on  the  recoiiriiendation 
of  State  Auditor  Andrew  Russell  when  the  case  v;as  broUt;:ht  before  him  by 
Staters  Attorney  Z.   J.  Brundac^. 


The  nev7  receiver  v/as  placed  under  a  .;loO,COO  bond,  the  same  amount  as  was 
required  of  his  predecessor,  Ralph  7airbairn,  v;ho  resicned  because  of  other 
duties.  Szrojda  v;as  appointed  chiefly  for  the  reason  that  the  depositors 
of  the  Fidelity  State  l-ank  v;ere  principal:;  Poles  v/ho  did  not  speak  English 
Szrojda »s  attorney,  A.  J.  Aoriarty,  says  that  at  the  present  time,  nothing 
can  be  said  as  to  the  closed  bunlz^s  financial  condition. 


II  A  2 
I  D  1  a 

lY 


POLISH 


Dziennik  ZY7iazl:ovAr>  Apr,  :34,  1918 


At  the  tine  of  its  failure,  the  banlc's  liabilities  totalled  :.;2S5,007.64. 
?/hat  percenta{--e  of  this  sum  the  depositors  v:ill  receive  is  as  yet  uncertain, 
but  there  are  ruriors  that  not  more  than  fifty  per  cent  v:ill  be  paid* 


Since  v/e  have  repeatedly  been  asked  as  to  v/hat  is  to  becone  of  the  first  and 
second  Liberty  Loan  bonds  that  v/ere  ceinc  paid  up  in  this  bank,  've  applied 
for  infomation  to  7.'.  Szrojda,  the  nev;  receiver,  /^ccordinc  to  him,  those 
v;ho  v/ere  paying  up  on  Liberty  bonds  at  this  banh  should  be  patient,  for 
this  question  v;ill  soon  be  clarified  and  information  as  to  v;here  further 
payments  are  to  be  made  v/ill  appear  in  the  press.   *Turchasers  of  the  first 
t:^o  Liberty  bond  issues  have  nothinc  to  v/orry  about,"  said  liT.  Szrojda; 
"their  money  is  safe.  "Jlioever  can  do  so  ou^ht  to  purchase  Liberty  bonds  of 
the  third  issue  and  thus  help  the  United  States  v/in  the  v;ar  v/ith  Germany." 
Depositors  v/ho  had  savings  in  the  l^idelity  Bani:  oucht  to  be  patient  also, 
for  now  that  a  Pole  has  been  appointed  receiver,  ever^/thing  v/ill  be  done 
to  make  satisfactory  arrangements  as  soon  as  possible. 


II  A  2 
I  D  1  a 
IV 


-  o  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zv7lazko>r,%  Apr,  £4,  1918 


Those,  concerned  can  r^et  all  information  by  applying  to  :;.  Szrojda  at  the 
bank,  v/here  he  can  be  foiind  daily  from  eicht  o» clock  in  the  laorning  until 
five  in  the  afternoon. 


II  A  2 


POLISH 


Dziennlk  Zv;iazkovy,   Apr«   5,   1918. 


UITIOII  LIBERTY  ZUKIIITUiri:  GCL^Pi^IY  I5UYS  PHCPICRTY" 

Oil  lilLV/AUIQE  AVI2ai2 

One  of  the  larf?:est  real-estate  transactionsof  recent  times  v;as  nade  yesterday, 
and  since  the  property  passed  into  Polish  hj^ds,  it  is  v;ith  pleasure  that  v/e 
note  the  fact  here. 

The  Union  Libertv  Furniture  Gor.pany,  a  corporation  orp^anized  by  the  five 
Perlowski  brothers  thirteen  years  ap.o  in  Tovm  of  Lake,  has,  thanks  to  their 
enerc^  and  to  the  support  of  the  Polish  ])eo:>le,  r^rovm  froia  one  snail  store  to 
such'  an  extent  that  today  it  occupies  rive  lar^,e  stores  in  various  parts  of  the 
city. 

One  of  the  larp.est  stores  located  at  152V-33  Jllv/aukee  .ivenue,  will  be  laoved  to 
the  nev/ly  purchased  property,  at  present  occupied  by  the  ...oeller  Departnent 
Store.  The  pronerby  is  located  at  1272-78  liivjaukee  AVenue,  1257-59  Mautene 
Court,  and  1257-5?' Paulina  :-3treet.  These  I'our-story  buildings  v;ere  purchased 


3> 


-T3 

CD 


II  A  2 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy>  Apr*  3,  1918. 

by  the  Perlowski  brothers • 

Thirteen  years  ago,  the  Perlc^vski  brothers,  V/enceslaus,  oigraund,  Francis, 
r.ichael,  and  Valenoine,  opened  their  firsu  store  in  Toi^m  or  Lake  v;ith  uhe 
aid  of  their  father,  Joseph.   It  ;vas  the  first;  Polish  furniture  store  in 
that  section  of  the  city.  Today  tneir  stores  are  the  pride  of  Polish 
communities.  Their  stores  are  locacea  at  47th  Street  ai.d  Ashland  Avenue, 
35th  Street  and  iircher  Avenue,  and  three  stores  on  Lilv/aukee  Avenue,  of 
which  one  ivill  be  moved  go  tne  new  location  v/hloh  v/as  purchased  at  a  cost 
of  $100,000.  Rent  for  ohe  land  over  a  period  oi  ninety-nine  years  will 
amount  to  -,^1,950, 000. 


3>- 


7n 
CD 


V/e  wish  our  enterprisiii^.;  Polish  uusinessmen  every  success  in  their  nev/ 
location. 


II  A  3 
I  D  1  b 

I  D  2  b 

II  D  1 

III  H 


POLISrl 


Dziennik  .uwiazko^w,  I.Car,  '30,   1918. 
JiiAT    13  COULD  r^  IN  CLICaGO 


(Editorial) 

In  walkinf^  throuf^h  the  principal  streets  of  the  Polish  coinmunities  in  '^hicaf^o, 
we  observe  v;ith  sorrow  the  fact  that,  despite  our  increased  nationalistic 
activity  for  the  past  few  years,  despite  our  incessant  plea  to  "patronize 
your  Polish  merchants,"  despite  continuous  efforts  in  the  direction  of 
developing  Polish  business  and  industry  in  our  communities,  Polish  enter- 
prises form  but  tiny  islands  in  the  sea  of  business  enterT>ri3e  in  this 
country.  Polish  business  -ner^ly  vegetates,  and  only  an  occasional  person, 
after  years  of  effort,  acLie/es  any  amount  of  wealth.  Generally  speaking, 
we  stay  at  the  lowest  level  of  uusiness  as  well  as  industry;  v;e  are  either 
vvithout  whe  coura?;e  to  raise  that  level,  or  without  the  ability,  or — as  most 
often  har^pens — we  have  not  the  necessary  capital  to  develop  any  given  enter- 
prise on  a  larp-e  scale. 


II  A  2 
I  D  1  b 

I  D  2  b 

II  D  1 

III  H 


-   2   - 


POLISH 


Dzierinik  Z,vfiazkovjy, 


30,  1918. 


Certainly  there  is  money  amon/^  us;  however,  it  serves,  not  us,  but 
others.   It  is  not  true  that  we  lack  business  ability  or  that  we  do 
not  know  how  to  invest  capital.  Proof  that  we  do  know  how  to  invest  laoney 
carefully  and  adequately  is  shovm  b;;  our  larf;e  organizations  which,  in  their 
insurance  departments,  handle  millions  of  dollars  to  the  best  interests  of 
the  people  v^o  have  invested  that  money.  Further  proofs  lie  in  our  v;ell- 
established  building  and  loan  associations,  in  v/hich  the  money  involved 
also  runs  into  millions  of  dollars.   If  v/e  can  handle  money  to  the  investor's 
profit  in  these  fields,  we  huve  passed  our  /business^  examination  creditably— 
with  cleaner  hands  than  almost  any  other  national  group  in  the  -Inited  States. 
iVhy,  then,  cannot  we  pass  the  same  sort  of  examination  in  the  fields  of 
business  and  industry — organized  on  a  co-operative  basis? 


Someone  will  say  that  we  have  had  enough  exioeriences  in  this  sort  of  thing, 
enough  bitter  and  costly  trials  which  were  at  least  not  encouraging. 

Did  not  more  than  one  person  lose  money  in  the  "Bell  Corporation, "or  in  other 


I 


II  A  2 
I  D  1  b 

I  D  v:  b 

II  0  1 

III  H 


-  3  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  /.wiazko;vy,  Mar.  30,  1918. 


enterprises?  Yes,  there  were  losses.   Even  such  enterDrises  as 
the  Polish  Milk  Co-ODerative  failed  to  develop,  but  in  this  case 
there  were  o-cher  reasons.   On  the  other  hand,  there  are  Polish  corr-orations 
that  are  really  prospering.   One  need  but  mention  the  Polish  casket  factory. 

But  this  is  not  wha.  we  intended  to  write  about  today;  we  were  thinking  of 
creating  a  "mutual  aid"  association  for  business  and  industry  similar  to 
the  economic  organizations  of  this  sort  in  Poznan  /PolandT".  Tliis  article 
is  not  dedicated  to  i':reat  corporations,  the  direction  of  which  requires 
considerable  ability  and  business  sense,  but  to  the  small  Polish  business 
and  industrial  enterprises  ath  which  we  coula  cover  Chicago  if  we  adhered 
to  a  previously  laid  out  r.rogram,  from  \^*lidi  small  business  and  industrial 
enterprises  v/ould  grov/  into  a  great  and  powerful  Polish  industry. 

In  this  matter,  v^e  will  return  for  a  moment  to  a  loroposal  made  ten  years 
ago  in  the  .'/hite  Ea.ae  Association  of  r'olish  Businessmen  of  Chicago. 
Already  at  the  first  convention  of  this  organization,  a  motion  by  delegate 


i 


\ 


II  .H  2 
I  D  1  b 


-  4  - 


POLISH 


2 


I  D 

II  D  1 

III  H 


Dziennir:  !v7iazkovjy,  Mar.  30,  1918, 


Romanowicz  v;as  ^assed  to  create  a  mutual  aid  organization,  patterned 
after  the  Toznan  institution — which  now  controls  millions  of  dollars — 
within  the  jTiite  Eagle  Association,   The  idea  was  based  on  the  principle 
that  a  fund  should  be  credited  both  for  the  Polish  businessmen  already  engaged 
in  business  and  for  those  who  could  operate  a  business  successfully  but  lacked 
the  capital  to  (^et   started. 

A  start  actually  v;as  mide  toward  realizing  the  decision  of  the  convention. 
About  two  hundred  members  of  the  associa  ion  be;r;;an  to  make  monthly  pa^TTients 
'vhich,  in  the  course  of  a  yearns  time,  brou,qht  in  about  three  thousand  dollars. 
Loans  were  made  from  this  source,  on  aDpropriate  security,  to  a  few  Polish 
businessmen  which  vjere  iu.it :"umental  in  developing  their  businesses;  thanks 
to  such  loans,  tv/o  Poles  established  a  business  enterprise  which  is  prospering 
excellently  today. 


Unfortunat'^Jy,  our  bui:inessmen  lacked  perseverance.   Instead  of  continuing 
the  work  that  had  started  so  excellently,  developing:  and  spreading  it  so  that 


I    ' 


J-     .-k 


•^ 


u 


1  1 


J 


T  V  •,      1 

^  _i_       .^       J- 

III      H 


Jzioiii-i  ■-    ^'w-i  iZ.vO}.y , 


.  * , 


JL    \J  .  .    --^    ■  .4.  X  •    •  X  .  i  \^   _l.    .   (.  ^»   >^  V  .-.-'-*.  O  '.-4.      *  vA  .J 


'I'ioiii 


.  o  les   in  Ci^ic  ;'0,    U'^a 


i.e::t   eo;.vej:tion    .i.c^riti   ii'j..    it;    /vjr  LTi^   .]e]'jsitor  ui'tei' 


wi  .*   _  vj     O    .    4.   *  J  -L 


!-» 


o 


.athi 


ia..x.: 


il  \      l.L 


.i' 


1- 


i.iu.ie   to   liquid..te   i^;.-:?    l'uix  ]    ^^ru.:.  wLicii,    -i.'i.-ji'    ill     .oney  naci  be-n   --ilt.    out, 
abouL   I.  Luiiire^^    aOl]-ir£5   cle..r*   ;  x^oTIt   i\^...iia;eu.      Jij.ce  :ij''^\i'.:i  -  e  ;i;l:.  he 
lione    ..itli   S'j   3i:i?ij.l   -i   sm  .,    ii   '..-i/   uoi^.t.:  1   to   chuj-ity.      'l.\  thic:  wi..y,    r    tuul 
uid    yor-   Li;::i'  e;;:;    Mid    i     '■;  :tr:'    L'.   y::ic'j  ;c    coll-,  -sea.      Tni.'    institution,    hud 
it   been  :;.ai:.tairied,    ..ouli  to  luy  hj   o:.(3    .:;  .   -i:-   >..'  .o.iolx  li  .;i.;e:.>^J   i-   i)-.ic:ioo, 

i  ''   tiiio 


ponerrul   ^'ounJ-^Licii   Tor   jur   ^ndi::jtr:-'«      .':.'   to.o:::%    oon  years 


I'-iT/'-'l' 


food  hou   been  iiuiriLni:  ■    ;,    ..O'l-e'-.der  ..  oloo,    noeio  ;   idie      oi*:;oiki1    u   .ic^oiu   zu   ua 


j.erivou 


;^ 


f  • '"  ■) ' ' 


,  ^ 


1   ■•■ 


1-.   '.<  K>  . 


•  >  1 


^  '  <.—. 


y^i70     ■IC^i-->i     -i-n     .  :--'<:3'.'.t 


r. 


..::(j   coiivmooj 


U    ■    .     ...    'o-  O 


« 

oive  tnous^KL'i  :.-i:  .uor..-.      ....i'   everv   ..-  il.-r::'  ii  ■  '    .l.o     ^rivileye  on  recoivm.:  ^ 
loan   ui'tc^r  aio    ;  iroi      uv/iroit,    •:ir:d       ,id   >^i:- .     d.  ve   do-l.^ro   o  ..:  i.L...,    Uiix;    Ouna 


in    eirculnoion   uriony  ^olion   l.usine^is:  .on 
do21.ar..   todo:;» 


,1  ■•  < 


n::iOin 


.;    at    leoOL    i:..0   :.i±j. lOL 


\ 


II 


H, 


I  D  1  b 

I  D  2  b 

II  D  1 

III  K 


-  6  - 


Dziennil:  ^v;ia7.kov.y,  Kar.  30,  1918. 


POLISH 


How  many  new  and  stable  Polish  enterprises  could  have  arisen  v;ith 
tl.e  aid  of  this  enormous  sum  of  inoney?  How  many  merchants  of  other 
nationalities  could  have  bee-'  driven  from  Polish  communities?  How  could 
existing  corporations  be  developed?  Only  he  can  understand  the  answers  to 
these  -questions  who  also  understands  the  operation  of  zhe   institution  in 
Poznan,  thanks  to  which  the  Poles  tiiere  have  v;on  their  economic  vvar  with  the 
Germans.   The  same  could  have  been  done  here  in  CLica,^o,  but,  because  of 
lack  of  perseverance,  it  has  not  happened;  it  can  happen  in  the  future  if 
we  return  r>:)  work  along  those  lines.   But  it  calls  for  effort  ana  persever- 
ance. 


T  T     "'^,     O 


II 


'J      T 


PGLI3K 


Dz  i  onni  k    /.via zkov/y ,  :'ar. 


25 


191i 


v^ 


cc: 


:CL\L  cic:"i..o:L^ici:  HOLD  i:.:ji!iiia 


On  Monday,  March  18,    a  special  rieeting  of  the  stockholders  of  tlia   .alatine 
Co.vjaercial  Corporation  ;;as  hald  in  the  lar^e  nail  of  the  Polish   -'omen^s    aiiance 
Building.     Three  hundred  and  thirty  stocldiolders  froia  all  parts  of  Chicago  and 
vicinity  attended  tlie  :;i33tine. 

^A  :Tear  ago/^  said  Joseph  ::ierz:Tiski,   president  of  t:.e   corporation,    *'fifty- 
eight  pernons  -ittonded  the  rieetin^,   by  Jul:^  of  last  year,   there  were  a  hundred 
and   tv/enty  of  us,  v/hile  toda:',    our  corporation  jias  o37   full  stockliolders  and 
nore  thctn  six  hUiidred  additionr.l  leiibers   .vho  v;ill  shortly  become  full  stock- 
holders.    In  the   cour^o  of  a  little  over  a  .'"ear,    our  corporation  has  grov/n 
to  a  membership  of  one   thousand,   and  is  the   largest  Polish  corporation  in 
the  United  States." 


'     5 


Francis   Vi^.'-ora,   treasure: 


of 


the  corporation,  acquainted  the  stockholders  v/ith 


'if 


o   .-» 


Jziennik  '/ias'r^vr',  l/.v. 


i  .  .1 


"O 


nev7  corporation  liv;,  Lhj  :''irpc:^o  of  v/hlc::  i3  lo  ^-^roveno  the  so.io  ol*  ./orth- 
locn  3tcc!:*  ?ho  Gv;  l-v;,  ]:no.;-  -:s  the  'Clui  -►  :'  Lav;'%  prcvi-es  for  ver;--  strict 
st-ate  cortrcl  cvor  oor^'or'ition  funds  M'1  -^  riot  ^?^itrol  ov^r  ohe  ..uvertioe^.ent 
of  tlia  snls  or  sharos;  accordiiv-  Lo  t;ie  l'tr/,no  such  adv  .rtisenent  e-n  be  pub- 
lished until  it  has  boo::  a-^proved  bp  the  iocretarp  of  Jt-to.   -lie  l-:w  also 
provides  for  i   strict  control  cP  toe;:  r.alos:  en;  ever;'  sales.v.rji  -nust  oa  licensed 


0'' 


"J3 


jO 


cretar^'  of 


nci" 


t-* 


3v'ite.      Jhe  .alatine   Corporation   is    the  first  .  clish  Oor- 
ration  a:iG  one  of  the   first   ..  arican  cornoratio^^s   to   confer..:  to  this  Ir.;, 
^nz  it   has    ..Iroad-  been  authorized  b-^  the   ..  )cr etar:'  of  .^t-te   to   sell  sliares. 
.n  order  to  .pivo   its   shareh-laers   still   '-reat-r  assurance  of  the   5^afatp  of 
their  investnont,   tho    direct-rs  and   officers  of  the   como.'otion  have  deposited 
their  sha::^es   of  stock  ..it::  the    .ecretarp  of   Jtate    vitii  a  si   n^d  state.ient 
that  the'-   vill  not  v;ithdra-v,    sell,    ot   transfer  these  shares  until   such  a  tine 
as  the  en-cer-^rise  is  cim  letel^    orc^nized  and  ^n-^in^-  dividends, 
holders   accented  this   infora^.tion  aith  thuncerous   aaplause. 


ne  stocl:- 


;  •  n  ,-i 


cn> 


wl» 


'he  ouestion  o"  a  nane  far  the   corix>ration  was   then  discussed:      ..a.et,ier  to 


I  A  .? 


—      O      — 


POLISH 


II 


"■^      O      -^ 


Dziennik  Zwiazko??y>  Liar.   25,    191 


take  a  purelj^  ?olish  na^.e  or  to  leave  it  unchanged;   namely,   the  i?alatinG 
Comraercial  Corporation,     The  name  'Talatine'^  is  c.erivcid  Trom  the  Latin  title 
given  to  persons  v;ith  royal  riclits  ixnd  privileges  in  l.oman  tiiaes.     ,d^t^T  a 
short  discussion,    it  v/as  decided  by  a  large  rnajority  to  retain  the  na^e 
"Palatine''. 

A  longer  discussion  arose  over  the  question  of  ooening  new  stores.     Some  v;ere 
of  the  opinion  th'-.t  the  store  on  llilwaukee  Avenue  should  first  be  enlarged 
and  brought  to  perfection  before  opening  stores  in  otlier  ccxamxijaitis^s.     The 
najority,   hcr.vever,   v;as  in  favor  of  opening  new  stores,   leaving  the  details 
to  the   Board  of  Directors.     The  directors  explained  that  a  store  can  be  opened 
in  Hawthorne,    since  the  cori^oration  v;ill  have  two  hundred  and  fif"&y  stock- 
holders there,     i^t  present,  Ha^/thome  has  several  score  stockliolders  in  this 
corporation  and  over  a  hundred  ra^abers  /persons   paying  for  share^.     A  store 
v;ill  also  be  opened  in  Tov/n  of  laire,    for  this  coirariunity  will  have  five  hun- 
dred stockholders. 


-a 


i.  1. 


X 


Jziennik  _^v/iazl:ovr^ 


^  • 


:X;LI3IJ 


»-/0  J     X  w  XC-' « 


.he  coiist-tution  cf   the   corporation  //-is   supple:  ier.tod  by  a".icjiidr:iants  and  addi- 
tion read  to  the   '!:atherin,^   07  Henr:^  ICiev/olIriev/icz,    the  corporation  Gecrstai*:'. 

Before   tlie   close  of  thj   ir.oetini-^-,    tlie   question  -.vas   raised    is    to  v;het;;.er  the 
school  of  co.i'ierce,   riaintained  b^^  the    corporation  for    the   use  of  r.ierribers, 
should  be  continued.      Jonie  of  th^^   rt^'C'']iolC-e:.i^    .er-e  of  the   opinion   ohat   it 
should   be  discontinued  ^'inc^   it   constitutes  a  consiaei^ble   o:\.]}q:isq  and  briHf'^rs 
no   orofit.      ./r.en  the  directors   explained,      ov/ever,    that   the   school  is  attended 
by  t'.vc   hunared  ne.iibers,    some  of  '.hiO'A  have  already  _ade   3uch  proyreas    iS   to 
be  qualified   to  conduct  busincjs   enterprises   of  their  ov;n  and  could  be  :Tian- 
ayers   of  ncv;!^''  opened  stores,    that   the   school   is  preparinr  neople  for  eriplo:/- 
mant  in  the  corporation  ..hic^i,   v;ith  its   stead-'  yro.;th,   ;vill  need  the/i  constantly, 
that  the   school  has   offered  to   the  United    States   yovornj-ient   forty-seven  trained 
stoch  and  bond  salesmen,   'v/iioh  offer   .;as   yratc>fully  •icceptod,    and  that  the  Pala- 
tine  Ooa'aorcial  Corporation   is   the   only  Polish  oryani nation  v;hich  prepares   its 
nenibers  to  tal:e  p  .rt   in  the  buildinr*  of  co:rjierce  and  industr.'   in  free  Poland,  fhe 


:t» 


I — = 


II  A  2 
II  B  2  f 


Dziennik 


-  5  - 


iV/iaz.:o.v7, 


POLISH 


:.:ar,  20,  191^ 


stockholders  voted  unanLiiously  that  the  school  is  the  very  soul  of  the  cor- 
poration and  should  bo  inaintained. 

After  acceptance  of  a  resolution  presented  b-'^  ::,  Ilatusz,  r .  J.  ICowalczyk  and 
J.  Bercel  calling  for  ardent  and  persevering  cjfforts  toward  continued  expan- 
sion of  the  Palatine  Corporation,  tne  ...^wLia-  was  adjourned. 


-o 

s^ 


o 


CD 


cr 


II  A  2 

III  A 
I  C 
IV 


POLISH 


Dzlennik  Zwiazko\wy>  Mar.  20,  1918 ♦ 


POLISH  LOAN  ASSOCIATION  LEAGUE 


The  present  condition  of  Polish  building  and  loan  associations  is  in  all 
respects  satisfactory.  The  present  war  has  had  no  ill  effects;  in  fact, 
building  and  loan  associations  throughout  the  United  States  have  reported 
an  increase  in  membership. 

Our  Polish  building  and  loan  associations  deserve  special  recognition  and  support, 
for  they  have  helped  hundreds  of  people  to  raise  their  standard  of  living. 
There  has  been  much  co-operation,  much  tiioe  has  been  spent,  and  a  great  many 
difficulties  have  been  overcome  in  persuading  our  countrjrmen  to  withdraw  their 
savings  from  institutions  other  than  Polish  and  hostile  to  them.  A  great 
deal  of  effort  has  been  expended  in  convincing  cur  people  that  Polish  building 
and  loan  associations  are  able  to  conduct  their  affairs  honestly  and  with 
profit  to  their  members.  Today  it  can  be  seen  that  our  efforts  have  not  been 
in  vain,  for  they  are  already  showing  ample  results. 


S 


•i 


The  war  has  had  no  ill  effects  on  this  business.  In  fact,  the  present  critical 


II  A  2 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  Mar.  20,  19 18. 


Ill  A 
I  C 
IV 

times  encourage  people  to  greater  savings  and  our  associations  are  gain- 
ing more  and  more  members.  But  in  order  that  our  organization  should  continue 
its  development,  it  is  necessary  that  every  Polish  building  and  loan  associ- 
ation become  a  member  of  our  League,  so  that  we  can  all  work  together.  The 
field  before  us  is  still  a  large  one,  for  there  are  still  many  of  our  countrymen 
who  belong  to  associations  other  than  Polish.  They  cannot  say  that  those 
associations  are  giving  them  greater  profits;  in  fact,  their  profits  are 
smaller  than  those  they  would  realize  in  our  associations.  Go-operation  is 
indispensible  to  our  organization;  our  gathering  of  representatives  of  building 
and  loan  associations  is  a  fundamental  necessity  to  our  business  interests. 
If  we  did  not  have  our  organization,  we  would  not  be  able  to  exist.  The  state 
League  has  nov;  been  in  existence  for  more  than  thirty-eight  years.  In  its 
first  beginnings,  Polish  building  and  loan  associations  were  small — they  had 
just  begun  to  organize.  There  v/as  no  basic  law  concerning  building  and  loan 
associations  then.  Permission  to  conduct  a  business  of  this  sort  was  granted 
by  the  judges  of  the  Superior  Court.  After  a  large  number  of  associations, 
organized  by  unscrupulous  Jews,  had  arisen,  these  Jews  began  to  close  out^ 
cheating  the  people. 


«5? 


r" 


k 


II  A  2 


-  3  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  Mar.  20,  1918» 


III  A 
I  C 
lY 

Honest  financial  institutions,  seeing  that  this  was  harming  them,  pre- 
sented a  bill  in  the  State  Legislature  in  1887  making  building  and  loan 
associations  illegal*  At  this  time,  the  State  League  /of  Polish  Building 
and  Loan  Associations]/  sent  a  delegation  to  Springfield  to  prevent  the  passage 
of  this  bill.  The  bill  was  defeated. 

In  1891,  the  State  League  presented  a  bill  in  the  legislature  providing  for 
a  state  examiner  for  building  and  loan  associations.  The  bill  did  not  become 
law  until  1893.  All  of  the  older  residents  remember  how  in  1903  and  in  the 
following  few  years  a  plague  entered  Chicago  from  St.  Louis,  Missouri.  The 
company  was  incorporated  in  the  state  of  Missouri,  operating  in  Chicago, 
collecting  money  from  house  to  house.  The  agents  claimed  to  be  members  of 
our  association.  They  promised  mountains  of  gold,  changing  their  company's 
name  again  and  again.  It  seems  that  the  last  name  used  was  "Teutonic.**  They 
had  already  cheated  the  people  out  of  a  large  sum  of  money  and  would  have 
continued  their  operations  if  it  had  not  been  for  our  State  League,  viiich 
saw  to  it  that  the  State  Auditor  closed  the  corporation. 


GO 


II  A  2 


-  4  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy^  Mar.  20,  1918 • 


III  A 
I  C 
IV 

Every  citizen  of  this  country  Icnows  that  he  must  give  an  account  of  all 
income  over  a  thousand  dollars,  and  if  he  is  single  that  he  must  pay  an 
income  tax  on  such  earnings.  In  the  same  way,  financial  institutions  must 
pay  a  tax  to  the  Grovernment.  Only  building  and  loan  associations  are  exempt 
from  this  tax,  for  they  are  recognized  as  benefit  societies.  Our  State  and 
National  League  is  to  be  thanked  for  this  exemption,  for  it  is  through  the 
efforts  of  its  representatives  that  the  exemption  was  effected* 

Our  League  of  Polish  Building  and  Loan  Associations  is  always  on  guard  over 
our  rights.  There  should  be  no  Polish  building  and  loan  association  that  is 
not  affiliated  with  it,  and  there  ought  to  be  no  Pole  belonging  to  any  but 
Polish  associations.  Every  Pole  should  be  a  member  of  a  Polish  building  and 
loan  association;  then  our  work  would  bring  real  results  and  would  serve 
not  only  to  promote  prosperity  among  the  American  Poles  but  would  serve  as 
a  foundation  for  prosperity  in  our  newly  risen  ^ost-war/  Poland. 


y^»v 


«*> 


Albert  Wachowski,  3032  V/est  22nd  Street 


II  A  2 

III  A 
I  C 
IV 


^  5  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwlazkowy,  Mar.  20^  1918» 

The  following  is  a  list  of  Associations  Affiliated 
with  the  League  of  Polish  Building  and  Loan  Associations 
of  ^hicago/  Illinois  for  the  Year  1918 

Albert  Wachowski  Loan  Association;  Albert  Wachowski,  secretary. 

Casimir  Pulaski  Loan  Association  of  the  10th  Vferd;  John  Grzegorzewski ,  secretary. 

The  15th  ?/ard  Loan  Association;  Walter  Armknecht,  secretary. 

King  Jagiello  Loan  Association;  John  SmorowskL,  secretary. 

All  Saints*  Loan  Association;  F.  Nowak,  secretary. 

Polonia  Building  and  Loan  Association;  John  Drzewicki,  secretary. 

Polish-Slavonic  Loan  Association;  S.  Szafranowski,  secretary* 


rp 


s*- 


g 


II  A  2 


-  6  - 


POLISH 


III  A 
I  G 
IV 

St.  Joseph  Loan  Association;  T.  Krolik,  secretary. 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  Mar,  20,  1918« 


Eagle  Loan  Association;  J,  Rus2ikiewicz,  secretary. 

Sobieski  Building  and  Loan  Association;  Chester  A.  Kiepura,  secretary. 

St.  Hyacinth  Loan  Association;  L.  Pokornowski,  secretary. 

White  Eagle  Loan  Association;  A.  J.  Wlodarski,  secretary. 

Pulaski  Loan  Association;  A.  Barwik,  secretary. 

St.  Hedwig  Loan  Association;  V*  Slusarczyk,  secretary. 

August  Kordecki  Loan  Association;  C.  A.  Kiepura,  secretary. 


Avondale  Loan  Association;  F.  Fijalkowski,  secretary. 


II  A  2 

III  A 
I  C 
IV 


-  7  - 


Dzlennik  Zvdazkowy^  Mar*  20,  1918 • 


POLISH 


The  Reverend  Gtordon  Loan  Association;  J.  P.  Mallek,  secretary. 
The  16th  V/ard  Loan  Association;  M.  Majewski,  secretary. 
Krakow  Loan  Association;  F.  Majka,  secretary. 
Rock  of  Poland  Loan  Association;  F.  Wlodarski,  secretary. 
King  Casimir  III  Loan  Association;  A.  J.  V/lodarski,  secretary. 
Chopin  Loan  Association;  A.  R.  Tysiak,  secretary. 
King  Jagiello  Loan  Association;  S.  Bystrzanowski ,  secretary. 
Polish -National-American  Loan  Association;  Michael  Drankiewicz,  secretary* 


CJT 


St.  Francis  Loan  Association;  A.  Raczynski,  secretary. 


i 


II  A  2 


-  8  - 


POLISH 


Dzlennik  Zwiazkowy,  Mar.  20,  19 18* 


III  A 
I  C 
IV 

St.  Stanislaus  Bishop  and  Martyr  Loan  Association;  Alexander  Raczynski, 
secretary. 


St.  John  Cantius  Loan  Association;  Martin  Pociask,  secretary. 
Polish  Workingnen^s  Loan  Association;  A.  Tysiak,  secretary. 
Boleslaus  the  Great  Loan  Association;  V/.  Maniszewski,  secretary. 
Polish  Crown  Loan  Association;  Paul  Czemski,  secretary* 


15 


Zgoda  Loan  Association;  A.  Kaliczak,  secretary. 
Poniatowski  Loan  Association;  S.  Mikolajczak,  secretary. 


St.  Helen  Loan  Society;  J.  F.  Ruszkiewicz,  secretary, 


Henryk  Sienkiewicz  Loan  Association;  Albert  Bona,  secretary. 


* 


II  A  2 

III  A 
I  C 
IV 


-  9  - 


POLISH 


Dzlemiik  Zwiazkowy,  Mar.  20,  1918« 


Polish  Citizens'  Loan  Association;  A.  Kayczek,  secretary. 
Polish  Union  Loan  Association;  F.  Kaliszewski,  secretary. 
King  Sigmund  Loan  Association;  N.  Brzezinski,  secretary. 
St.  v;enceslaus  Loan  Association;  S.  Tucholski,  secretary. 
Lake  View  Loan  Association;  S.  Izdebski,  secretary. 
St.  Anne  Loan  Association;  S.  Tyrakowski,  secretary. 
Pioneer  Loan  Association;  F.  J.  V/lodarski,  secretary. 
Paderewski  Loan  Association;  S.  Bogdanski,  secretary^ 


» 


c 


IV 


Dziennil: 


'..'i'lzlcovr',  :!ar,  15,  1918. 


POLISH 


iTicoi^ajri:^:  ?CLI3H  gc3'0R.;tig::,  "]G0i:]:3i;.^Tic;i  aocDS  ooitjJT 

At  the  annual  ipoetinc  of  the  stockholders  of  the  Polish  corporation,  held 
yesterday,  Dcclesi'^stic^l  Goods  Gonpany,  the  first  steris  tov/ard  reorcanizinc 
the  Conpany  v;ere  ta.zen.   It  is  the  only  Polish  firr:  of  its  kind  not  only  in 
Chicar-o,  but  in  .j.ierica. 


The  iOllo-.;iny  stockholders  v:oro  ^resent  :;t  yesterday*  s  moetin,>;*:  I  rs. 


TT 


.4.-.. 


;.urustynov;icz,    :..    Pusli,    County  Go:  j.issionor  ..•   "c-^  '',    rudrc  Jdi:iund  P.-Jarecki 
A.   0.  TTrbanski,   -;.   1\  Patronr,   Pis      •'.  . .u^istynov/icz,   /..     ..   Povjalski,    P.   P. 
Sz-^tkovjski,    '^nl  John  3.   Ponoya.      'P.ie   nev;  officers   and  directors  are  as 
o11o".;g:      P.   P.   Jarocki,   T:)resiuont;   I  iss  ''•   ._ur:u3tynov:ica,   vice  president; 


r- 


.  P.  Potrony,    secretary,    -..ni   Joiui  .^.    ;.cnor):i,    treasurer  and  nanayer,      l!hQ 


firrn  7:as   organized  fourteen  yc*:rs   'i.-o  by  the  l-ite   .• .   .-uyustynov;icz  and 
\   L.  Piotrov;Gr:i.       "incc   the   death   of  Pt"i:*ust:^no'/icz  t:;o  •  nd  a  h-ilf  years 
ro,   the  business  has  been  r.ana^ed  by  his  dau.^hLtcr  r'elon,   v;ho  resirned  .it 


last  ni'^ht's  ?noetin",      Phe  nev/  n-.nayer,    .!•    ^^.   I'onor-a,   I'oriier  .^ecretr.;. 


I   I 


lY 


l-CLISH 


Dziennik 


::wi':iz:':ov;:'     :  "r.    1^:;,    1918. 


reneral  of  the  Tclish  P.on^^n  C'":t}iolic  I'nion,   hn,s  nany  yec.rs  cx;ncric-nce   in 
this   line   of  business,     To  :;orl:eu   for  several  vears  v/ith  a   ^iiiil-a*  fim 
do".:ntov;n,   t-nd  :vhen  the   '^cclosi-iGtical  "Too'Is  Cor.ipany   .'/as   orc'inized,    he 
bGcnme    its   chief  re-nresont^tivo ,    i^eji-^inim*   in  this   c.pr.city  I'or  seven 
yer.rs. 

In  order  to  c:c")-nd  t:ie  corrJC^'■•.tion^s   J'iold   of  'activity,   the  hoard   of 
dir-^ctors   'leciced  to   increase    it">  c"'it'^l   by   several  thousand  dollars. 


•13 


'pjie  store    is  loc';.ted  at  111^*  hoble    I'treet,    not  f •  r  fron  T  iT.jauhee  .".venue, 
and  directl*'   o'^.'aooite   tlie  ^^ol'^  'drinit"  rectory. 


II 


rCLI^SII 


Dzienni]:    .^viariko'vy,    :eb.    IG,    1913. 


.vcndale  and  South  C'-ica-o  ::usinessr:ien  Coine  to  tlie 


i  olisii   ;an]:*s  }^G3Cue 


The  fidelity   St-te  :3an::,   vdiich  v;n3   closed  on  the   first  of  i^'ebruMry  by  the 
state  auditor,   ^.dll  probably  bo   reopened  ne::t  v/eek.      iliis  nev:s  :;ill  probably 
bo   r-reeted  ^vith  ^^^reat   joy   in  /.vondalc,   v/here  everyone  has  v;aitcd  v;ith  f;reat 
impatience  for  the  results  of  the  '.:ov\z  of  the  Citizens*   Goirjaittee.      The 
Co  iiittec  v;as  chosen  by  the  dcpoaitors  •  t  several  meetinfrs  held   in  VAirszyn- 
ski^s  hall. 


v.; 


Criyinall^^,    tlic  Corirr-ittee  consih:ted  of  five  r.en:      J".    3.    jartI:ov:sI:i ,    chairman, 

-dnthony  Ilojha,    secretary,  Ludv;i/y  f-iczynslci   of  South  Chica;:o,    Jiiacn  Sihorski, 

and  Z .   rirsch.ncr.     Later,  Stephen  i:olano;3ki   and  .attorney  Peter  3chv/aba  v;ere 
added. 


After  a  v.-ee!:  of  arduous  labor — labor  from  morning  until  late  at  night  for 


II  A 


rcLisii 


Dzienni::  '"v/iizkov.y,  :^'eb,  16,  1918  • 


the  last  fev;  days — the  Coiur.ittee  c-m  iiov;  assure  the  depositors  that  the 
b:n!c  ^:ill  reopen  and  thnt  no  one  '.;ill  lose  a  ^ocnny.  V.o   one  v/ill  receive 
all  the  noney  he  h:is  on  deposit  'it  one  tirie.  At  the  depositors'  rieetinr:, 
it  vrs   unnnimously  decided  t::>it  h-alf  of  'ill  the  savinf:s  deposits  v/ould 
renain  in  the  b:inl:  for  at  least  one  year.   Only  on  such  conditions  can  the 
bnnk  be  reor>ened.   The  other  half  of  the  deposits  are  to  remain  in  the  bL.nk 
for  an  indefinite  period,  until  such  a  tinie  as  the  nev;  board  of  directors 
decides  thr^t  the  funds  can  be  released.  Those  havinr*  checkinc  accounts 
v;ith  the  ban!-:  nust  leave  lialf  of  their  noney  on  deposit  for  an  indefinite 
period.-  The  other  lialf  can  be  used  for  business  ^our-pcses  laider  certain 
conditions. 
ir.oney . 


In  tiiae,  ho'./evcr,  they  -.;ill  be  able  to  drav7  out  all  of  their 


?*• 


Tlirour-h  the  Coia.ittee's  efforts,  the  president  of  the  banlc  signed  over  all 
liis  property  to  the  institution.  The  value  of  this  property  conpletely 
covers  the  shcrtar-e ,  if  any  exists.  The  president's  real-estate  holdings 
could  not  be  sold  at  the  nrcsent  tine  because  of  the  r-enerr.l  stagnation  in 


-L 1     -  V        J 


1  0LI3I: 


Dziennil:  //.•;! a z<ovr;,    ^eb.    16,    191G. 


tho  roal-ost'-te  :;inrl:ot  cauGed  by  the  v;ar.      Tlie   Coiririittee   decided,    therefore, 
to  collect   1  Ir.r'-e  onour-h  I'und  to  cover  the   .'"hortu^-os  and  later,    bv  the 
sale  of  tr.c  rei.l  estate,    to  votv.va  t::e  moncv.      ..  truet  fund  v/as  created  to 
-.rhich  the   depo^-:itoro   :ind  .iVondale   Vusinecer-ien  can  tranefer  that  half   of 
their  deposits-     hich   is  to  reiiain  in  the  b-^nk  for  an   indefinite  period. 
To  date,   aL:i03t   all  of  the  .-//ondale    oUsines^Men  have  thus  transferred  their 


^Jhis  \TXQ  aone    in  "^art  at  a  r.eetin-"  held  the   day  before  vesterday 


at  the   offices  of  holanov/shi    \nd  hrz:i:o\:s::i,    and  yesterday  the  Committee 
solicited  the   signatures   of  those  •/ho  ^ere  unable  to  be  present  at  the 
neetin,7,    /Tl'ist  of  dc;^ositors   onitted    !^:^  tr-mslatorT'. 


'■Zi 


Tlie  rest   of  the  businessnen  and  others  ^/ho  have   checkinc  accounts  vith  the 
Fidelity  Jtate   '^,anJ:  v;ill  be   contacted  by  the  Coi.jnittee   tonicht  and  at  the 
ineetinr  to  be   hold  hondav.      'fliis  r.ieetin^:  v;ill  be  held   at   ".Varszinshi's  hall 
at  the   corner  of  Central  Tarh  /.venue  ^md   ./olfrara  Street,     /'very  depositor 
should  be  r»resent  and  must   shov:  his  bani:  book  u^jon  entrance   into  the  hall. 


II  A  2 


-  4  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zv/iazkov/y,  Feb.  16,  1918 • 

The  Cormuittee  also  collected  from  businessmen  and  others  a  considerable  sum 
for  shares  in  the  reorganization  of  the  bank  and  to  further  strengthen  the 
trust  fund. 


/Tist  of  contributors  omitted  by  translator.  Total  sum  collected  v/as  7;22,150jJ^ 

Further  purchases  of  shares  in  the  nev;  institution  will  be  published  on 
Thursday. 

John  L.  I3.eczev;ski,  the  wealthiest  Pole  in  Avondale,  pledged  a  thousand 
dollars.  He  is  purchasing  ten  shares  and  v/ill  be  a  director  of  the  new 
Fidelity  State  Ti^Einl:. 

Depositors  having  savings  accounts  v;ith  the  bank  ought  to  sign  as  soon  as 
possible  the  agreorient  prep'ired  by  the  Committee.  The  agreement  v;ill  bind 
them  to  keep  half  of  their  deposits  in  uhe  bank  for  a  period  of  twelve  months. 


^.»' 


CD 


II  A  2 


5 


POLISH 


Dziennik  ./.v/iazkoViy,  Feb.  16,  IC-l 


o 


Depositors  na^/  si^n  the  aijreenent  at  t?ie  follov;inr;  places:   /List  omitted 
by  transl-3tor^ 

In  concluding;  this  report,  t2ie  depositors  care  hereby  renuested  to  attend  the 
general  neetinc  to  be  held  on  I'.onday. 


^3 
CD 

-J 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  Feb.  9,  1918. 


A  KEIV  POLISH  INSTITUTION 


After  the  last  great  effort  to  regain  national  independence  in  1863,  the  Poles 
have  been  wandering  about  the  wide  world.  The  United  States  received  the 
largest  number  of  these  emigrants. 

Life  on  foreign  soil  was  difficult  for  these  wanderers.  They  did  not  know  the 
customs,  language,  or  laws  of  this  country,  and  so  the  history  of  our  immi- 
grants is  marked  by  our  growth  in  business,  industry,  and  social  life.  Our 
fathers  established  small  shops,  grocery  stores,  or  saloons  because  they  did 
not  knov/  how  to  conduct  larger  enterprises. 


J3 


1^   \ 


Our  younger  generation,  born  here  and  educated  in  the  local  schools,  often  goes 
on  to  higher  institutions  of  learning,  and  upon  graduation  from  these  the  young 
Poles  already  play  an  important  part  in  our  life  here  on  American  soil.  Providers' 
Life  Insurance  Company  is  /a   result  ot/the  work  of  these  young  Poles;  it  is  an 
institution  that  has  competed  successfully  with  the  largest  institutions  of  this 


II  A  2 

III  C 


-  2  - 


Dziennlk  Zwiazkowy,  Feb.  9,  1918« 


POLISH 


kind  in  America*  Today^  a  similar  institution  has  arisen  in  the  fire  insurance 
field,  the  Pioneer  Fire  Insurance  Company  of  America,  with  its  main  office 
located  at  29  South  La  Salle  Street ,  Chicago* 


After  settling  all  the  required  formalities  and  depositing  the  required  bond 
in  the  state  treasury,  this  company  was  licensed  to  sell  fire  insurance  in  the 
state,  of  Illinois.  Poles  can  now  insure  their  real  and  personal  property  with 
a' Polish  firm.  The  officers  of  this  company  are  Peter  Czaja,  president,  a 
pharmacist  by  profession,  well  known  in  St.  Casimir*s  Parish;  J.  M.  Justus, 
secretary;  Peter  Niemira,  assistant  secretary;  and  J.  B.  Bren2»,  treasurer. 


-TO 
JO 


c: 


II  A  2 
IV 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zv/i:izkoY;y,  Feb.  6,  1918 


ClffiDITCRS  OF   FIIXILI'TY  STATS  B.nia-:  LDffiT 


A  meeting  v/as  held  yesterday  by  a  considerable  nunber  of  depositors  and 
other  persons  interested  in  the  affairs  of  the  Fidelity  State  Bank,  which 
failed,  or  rather  v/as  closed  by  the  authorities. 

The  meeting,  hov;ever,  was  an  extremely  stormy  one.  So  far  as  is  knov/n 
at  this  time,  the  bank*s  deficit  amoimts  to  at  least  ol40,000,  although 
it  viHS   previously  thought  to  be  r.iuch  smaller.  Experts  say  that  they  see 
no  vv'ay  to  s'.ve  the  institution,  for  its  business  v/as  conducted  in  an 
unprofessional  and  unconscionable  v/ay. 

Those  directly  concerned  turned  to  John  F.  Smulski,  president  of  the 
Ilorthv/estern  Trust  and  Savings  .:ank  in  hopes  that  he  v;ould  take  matters 
into  his  ovm  oroerienced  hands  and  save  the  situation,  but  Smulski  refused, 
saying  that  he  sav;  no  hope  for  the  fidelity  StateT"  Bank. 


Ho 


O 

CO 
CD 


II 

17 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zv;iazkor/y,  Feb.  6,  1918. 


During  yesterday's  meeting,  the  president  of  the  closed  bank,  Szajkowski 

^o  initial  ^:-iven7,  was  threatened  v/ith  prosecution  for  abuse  of  the  people's 

confidence. 

A  financial  report  from  the  experts  v;ho  are  checking  the  bank's  records  was 
not  yet  complete.  A  receiver  for  the  bank  '.all  undoubtedly  be  appointed  in 
the  very  near  future • 


en 


II  A  2 

ni  A 

I  c 


POLISH 


Dziennlk  Zwiazkotvy.  Feb.  4,  1918 


POLISH  BUSINESS  ENTtJRPRTSKS 
Polonia  Soap  Company,  Largest  Polish  Soap  Factory  in  Chicago 

Slowly  but  steadily,  various  branches  of  Polish  business  are  developing  in 
Chicago,  thus  taking  away  the  opportunities  of  other  national  groups  to  profit 
by  the  labor  of  our  countrymen,  and  proving  th^it  by  forming  compemies  and      "^ 
corporations  we  can  accomplish  something.  The  motto  ^'Swoj  do  Swego**  2^*^^^^^®  ' 
your  own  merchants/,  ignored  these  many  years,  again  stands  before  the  eyes  of 
our  brethren,  reminding  them  that  the  force  that  will  place  our  nation  in  a     Z 
high  position  among  industrial  nations  depends  upon  the  support  we  give  to  our 
own  business  interests* 

A  few  months  ago  we  wrote  about  the  various  branches  of  Polish  industry  in 
Chicago  which,  despite  mounting  difficulties,  have  established  themselves  on 
firm  foundations.  Again  today,  we  would  like  to  write  a  few  words  about  a 
Polish  soap  factory,  the  Polonia  Soap  Company,  which  was  visited  by  a  representa- 
tive of  Dziennik  Zwiazkowy, 


II  A  2 

III  a 
I  C 


-  2   - 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  Feb,   4,   1918, 


POLISH 


The  Po Ionia  Soap  Company  is  located  on  the  northwest  side  of  the  city,  at  1420- 
22  Smma  Street,  in  a  large  brick  building  of  which  it  occupies  tv;o  floors.  The 
present  owner  of  the  factory  is  J.  './•  Koss,  well-known  member  of  the  Polish 
Industrialists  and  Tradesmen's  Society,  Group  3,  Polish  national  Alliance, 
Jexvs,  Germans,  Irishmen,  and  others  have  been  doinp;  c^o^  business  among  the  Poles 
for  many  years.  The  factory  v/as  opened  about  two  years  ago  by  two  Poles  as  the 
United  States  Soap  Company,  but  because  of  a  misunderstanding,  the  partners  sold 
it  to  the  present  owner,  who  knew  what  initial  difficulties  had  to  be  overcome, 
and  what  competition  there  would  be  with  manufacturers  belonging  to  other 
national  groups.  He  was  undaunted  by  the  v;ork,  and  at  present  the  factory 
produces  various  types  of  soap  and  soap  powder  of  a  quality  as  high  as  or  higher 
than  those  produced  by  other  factories. 

The  Polonia  Soap  Company  is  incorporated  for  ^#10,000,  but,  as  the  owner  explained 
to  us,  that  sum  will  soon  be  raised  to  $25,000,  The  present  employees  of  the 
factory  are  all  v/ell-known  alliance  members — J,  Skowronski,  John  Szymanski, 
l«!Iartin  Ziolkowski,  IJartin  Kotwica,  and  Sigmund  Krasinski,  In  addition  to  these 


II  A  2 

III  A 
I  C 


-  3  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  Feb.  4,  1918, 


men,  five  girls  are  also  employed, 

Mr.  Koss,  the  owner  of  the  factory,  conducted  our  representative  through  the 
building  and  showed  him  all  of  the  machines  and  apparatus  used  in  the  manufacture 
of  soap,  and  explained  the  use  of  each.  First,  we  visited  the  lower  floor  where 
the  great  kettles  in  which  the  fats,  brought  in  in  large  barrels,  are  melted. 
The  fats,  after  being  mixed  with  chemicals  and  then  strained,  are  poured  into 
an  enormous  iron  vat  and  from  here  into  specially  constructed  wagons,  where  the 
soap  is  left  until  it  sets  and  hardens.  The  great  pieces  of  soap,  often  weigh- 
ing as  much  as  two  thousand  pounds,  are  then  taken  by  elevator  to  the  second 
floor,  where  they  are  scraped.  After  a  few  days,  the  soap  is  cut  into  bars  of 
the  required  size  by  a  special  machine,  the  knives  of  which  are  steel  wires 
similar  to  the  strings  of  a  piano.  The  cut  pieces  of  soap  are  again  placed  into 
wagons  to  dry  for  several  days,  after  which  they  are  cut  into  various  shapes, 
such  as  oval,  circular,  square,  octagonal,  and  so  on.  At  the  same  time,  the 
trade  mark  of  the  firm  is  stamped  on  each  piece.  As  a  final  operation,  the  soap 
is  wrapped,  packaged,  and  packed  into  boxes  for  shipment.  At  the  entrance  to 


II  A  2 

III  A 
I  C 


-  4  - 


POLISH 


Dziennlk  Zxviazko^^,  Feb.  4,  1918 • 


the  factory,  v©  find  a  neatly  arranc©<l  office;  accounts  are  accurately  kept 
according  to  the  latest  system  of  bookkeeping. 

The  Polonia  Soap  Company  manufactures  the   best  grades  of  perfuiaed  soaps,  shav- 
ing soaps,  tar  soaps,  and  facial  and  washing  soaps.  It  also  manufactures  a 
"cleanser'',  upon  the  containers  of  which  appears  a  white  eagle  with  a  Polish 
inscription.  In  a  word,  tliis  factory,  although  it  is  not  as  large  as  some  of 
the  old,  established  soap  factories  here,  yields  to  none  in  the  quality  or  price 
of  its  products. 

Polish  Grocers  Should  Support  Polish  l&nufacturers 

A  Polish  soap  factory  is  not  at  all  to  the  liking  of  Jeiirish  and  Gerriian  raaniif ac- 
turers,  who  think  that  they  alone  have  the  right  to  do  business  among  the  Poles, 
that  they  ought  to  extract  money  from  the  pockets  of  our  countrj^nen,  so  that 
when  the  need  arises  they  will  have  funds  to  carry  on  the  struggle  against  them. 


II  A  2 

III  A 
I  C 


-  5  - 


Dziennlk  Zwiazkowy>  Feb.   4,   1918. 


POLISH 


vie   have  heard  that  agents  of  Jewish  and  German  firms,  like  vultures  circling 
over  their  prey,  are  circulating  uncomplimentary  statements  concerning  the 
Polish  soap  factory  among  the  Poles.  These  tactics  should  be  punishable;  they 
should  be  condemned  at  every  step. 

A  Word  to  Our  Polish  Housekeeners 


To  the  Polish  housekeepers  in  Chicago,  we  strongly  recommend  that  when  they  are 
buying  soap  in  a  Polish  grocery,  they  demand  soap  from  the  Polish  factory,  the 
Polonia  Soap  Company,  and  that  they  support  only  Polish  industry. 

The  strength  of  our  nation  lies  in  the  development  of  Polish  industry©  If  we 
support  Polish  business,  if  we  support  ourselves  mutually  and  remove  from  our 
midst  the  foreign  leeches,  then  in  a  short  time  we  will  find  ourselves  among 
the  strong  and  influential  nations  v/ith  whom  everyone  must  reckon. 


II    A    2 

IV 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwinzkovy,  Sept.   29,   1917. 

DSV:'JL0PI.E1>IT  OF  POLISH  BUSnESS   III  Cr.ICAGO 
The  North  V/estern  Trust  and  Savin;:;s  Bank 

In  previous  rJaturday  issues  of  Dziennik  Z'viaskovA',  we  have  decribsl  a  £evi 
Polish  busine^3s  enterprisss  in  Chicago,     V*'e  have  not  as  yet  brought  in  the 
Polish  banlcs,   for  we  desire-l  first  to  acquaint  our  readers  with  less-knoiTn 
enterprises.     Today  we  shall   describe  one  oC  the  best  kncira  Polish  banks. 

V/ho  has  never  heard  of  the  Northwestern  Trust  ^r\&  Savings  Bank,   the  largest 
Polish  financial  institution  in  Chicago?     riho  has  not  had  occasion,   at  one 
time  or  another,   to   do  business  vjith  this  bank?     It   is   famous   not  only  in 
Chicago,   but  all  over  tlie  count iv» 

The  IIortiiv;e stern  Trust  and  Savings  Bank  is  located  in  the  v/hite  building  at 
the  corner  of  Division  Street  and  lalv.^iukee  .xvenuo,   in  the  very  center  of 


II  A  2 
IV 


rOLISH 


Dziennir:  7A';iazkov/y,  3ept,   *a9,    1917. 


Polonia.     Thousunds  of  Poles  have  accoimts  with  the  bank;   thousands  of  Poles 
deposit  their  savinr^s  tliere,   confideafc  that  they  v/ill  be  given  their  MK)ney, 
v;ith  iutDrost,  v/herevei:  they  ask  for  it. 

Bank  Teaches  Poles  Ilirirt 


Hver:,^  bank  that  gains  the  reputation  of  never  liavin^^  lost  its  depositor's 
rrKDney  earns  the  confidenco  of  its  depositorr^. .     They  do  not  withdrav;  their 
savin:l':3,  but   in3tG:.\d,   save  more  and  more,   takin;*  pride   in  the  fact  tliat  their 
bank  balance  "keeps  rrov/in,:  froii  j^'ear  to  year.     Such  a  ban}:  teaches  thrift. 

The  ilorthvjestern  Trust  and  savings  3ank  jias  tau{';ht  thousands  of  Poles  to  be 
thrifty,   and  has  aided  tliousands  in  conductin::  their  businesses.     Those  v/ho 
have  been  savin::  a  fev:  dollars  a  month  are  v/ell  off  today.     They  have  been 
able  to  purcliase  real  estate,   they  have  rono  into  business,   and  they  do  not 
have  to  v;orry  about  poverty  and  bad  tiiies  as  do  less  thrifty  peo])le. 


II 

17 


.-i 


-  3  - 


POLISH 


Dz iennirc  ^v/iazkovvy ,  Sept.  29,  1917. 


The  history  of  this  Polish  ban!-:  reaches  hack  a  Tev;  ye-irs.   It  v;as  founded  in 
1908,  v/h9n  several  enerreti^t  and  enterprisiuj  Polish  citizens,  seeing  that 
private  non-?olish  banks  v/ere  fleeciny^  the  lolish  people  (often  taking  from 
then  everi'^thin^  they  had,)  gathere^l  together  and,  after  talkin,^*;  the  matter 
over,  decided  to  found  a  Polish  bank.  It  v.^as  a  ^:reat  and  difficult  task,  but 
the  sincere  effort  and  perseverance  of  its  founders  overcame  all  obstacles. 
On  October  28,  1908,  the  nev;  institution  ;vas  duly  incorporated  for  tvjo  hundred 
thousand  dollars,  'ilier^  i/cro  a  hundrerl  stockholders.  From  that  time  on  th<=*. 
bank  has  e::i3t.ed  v/ithout  interruption. 

For  the  first  few  years,  the  IIorth\;8Stern  Trust  and  6aYinizs   i3ank  vjas  located 
at  Llilxvaukee  and  Iladdon  iivenues,  in  the  buildinj  which  iijv/  houses  the  Po Ionia 
Clothing  Goripan^^  Five  years  aro ,  it  raoved  to  the  v/hite  buildiUi^  on  the  comer 
of  Division  Street  and  Liilvraulcee  >-vVenue,  a  location  v/hich  ansv/ers  its  purposes 
completely.  The  cvovrth   of  the  bank  durinj  the  last  fev;  years  has  been  little 


f — 


II  X.  2 
IV 


-  4   - 


P0LI3II 


Dz ieniiil:    Ziv/iazko v^^ ^   Sept.   29,    1917 


short  of  e:rtTSLOV<lin-:.irj . 


Today,   as  v;e  have  already'-  neiiLioiv.-^  ■ ,   the  Ilorthv/estei^n  Trust  and  Saviricis  Banlc 
is  the  larg:est  Polish  financial  institution,  not  only  in  Chicago,   but  in  the 
entire  United  otates.     Its  capital  is  now  a  half  million  dollars,  with  a 
suidIus  of  tvjo  hundred  and  fiPty  thousand,   and  undistrihutod  ';3rofi^..s  of  more 
than  sixty  tliousand  dollnrs.     Its  deposits  toto.l  more  than  six  and  a  half 
million  dollars,  v/hile   its  entire  assets  total  -nore  than  seven  and  a  half 
million.      The  bank  bujldinc  ^nd  the  lot  upon  v/bich  it   stands  have  been  asses 
at  a  hundred  and  seventy-iive  thousand  dollars.      The  banjc  has  mere   than  five 
thcuerani  safety  deposit  boxes,   all  of  v;hio>i  are  rented  at  the  tine  of  V7ritin>;; 
The  rental  rates  for  safety  deposit  boxes  ran^-e  fro^A  three  to  fifteen  dollars 
per  year. 


-:n.' 


? 


-v-j 


o 

.J'' 


The  bank's  books  are  conducted  accordin*;  to  the  very  latest  account inn  system. 
It  employs  about  sixty  people,  v;hose  v;ork  is  carefully  supervised  by  the 


II  ;. 

17 


-   5  - 


i-^CLISH 


DzienTi.iV  :z,\jiazlcovy,  3ept.    29,   1917. 


bank '3  ofiicers. 


It-'' 


.xccordinr;  to   infonratioa  ::iveri  our  reporter  l)y  T.  1.1.  Ilelinslri,   car,hier  of  the 
iIorthv;e3tern  Trust  and  oavin^js  Bank,   tlie  banl:  is  under  state  supervij^ion  and 
is  a  nemfcer  of  the  Chicago  Clearing  House  Association.      *j?he  state  examiners 
visit  the  bank  tv/ice  a  year,   choosin.::  a  tine  most  convenient  for  thenselves. 
The  offinors  of  the  banlc  n^ver  knov/  in  advance  v/hen  the   state  exaniiners  will     fZ 
corns-.     Thus   it   is  necesijary  for  the  bank's  administration  to   be  prepared  at       --- 
all  titaas  for  inspection  of  their  accounts.     Gustor.ririly,   the  bahlc  examiners  first 
count   the  money  in  the  bank's  vaults  and  then  check  tlie  rec!>rds.     In  addition 
to  thii  preceding,   the  officers  of  tne  banl:  arc  required  to  report  upon  the 
condition  or  the  baiiLc  to  the  state  contr-olL^r  five  tijries  a  year.     Small 
privately  ov/ned  banks  are  not  controlled  in  this  v/ay  and,   for  that  reason, 
depositors  v/ho  place  their  .money  in  sucli  banlcs  run  a  r>i*eat   risk  of  losing  it. 


i 


Since   the  daolaration  of  war  ar^ainst   Gen-iany  by  the  United  States,    tlie 


II  A  2 
IV 


-   6  - 


Dzienni':  .'j\'iiazko\rj ,  Jept.   29,   1917. 


FOLiai 


IIorthv;estem  Tnist  and  Javinrp  :3ank  lias  been  a-'tively  en,;an;ecl  m  the  sale  of 
Liberty  bonds.     It  sold  more  than  three  irandred  tho\isana  dollars  vvorth  of  the 
first  is;-;ua  and  villi  soon  begin  th-j  sale  of  the  second. 

The  present  adi.dnistration  of  the  bank  consists  of  the  follov;iri-'^:      John  F. 
SiTiulSrci,   president;    •..illiaiTi  3m th,    */alter  J.  Rayner,   and  John  j\.  Przybysz, 
vice  presidents;    T.  u.  llelinski,   cashier;   .^u^ust  J".  Kov/alski   Jr.,   first 
assist^^nt  and  Vincent  Josuin  /jozv;iakov7Ski7  second  assistant  cashier;   and 
LI.   Foerster,    secretary.      Tlie  board  of  directors  consists  of  v;ell-kncvrn  Polish 
citizens  of  the  "Jorthv/est  par',  of  the  city. 

The  llorthv/estern  Trust  and  Savings  Bank  has  enjoj^ed  the  confidence  of  Poles  and 
non-Poles  alike.     The  c^eat  confidonco  or  the  Polish,  people  in  their  ban>:  is 
best  shov/n  by  the  fact  that  more  than  eighty  per  cent  of   its  tvjenty-one  thousand 
depositor:-  -^"^e  Poles  froii  Chica;'>:o  and  nei^iiboria'-;  tovms. 


II 


IV 


-  7   - 


Dziennil:  s^na'zko^ij  >   ^opt.   -^9,   1917 


POLISH 


Today,   there  is  absolutely  no  distrust  ol*  the  Polish  bank,     uvon  "old  country" 
people  v;ho  foriierly  kept  their  iCioney  hidden   in  trunks,   mattresses,    quilts,   and 
other  odd  places,  are  brin^:;in-:  thei;^  S'lVinc  to  the  llorthv/estern  Trust  and  oavin>:8 
Bank,   and  they  no  lon,;:er  need  fear  either  Tire  or  theft. 


II  A  2 
IV 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  Sept.  27,  1917. 


POLISH  BUSBIESSLSN'S  ASSOCIATION  CREATES 


HUGE  POLISH  FOOD  PRODUCTS  CORPORATION 


Oreanized  three  years  ago  on  a  wide  program  of  activity  in  the  field  of 
business  and  industry',  the  Polish  Businessmen's  Association  of  Chicago 
has  now  begun  to  realize  some  of  the  projects. 

Having  before  it  a  well-defined  aim — that  of  developing  polish  business 
and  industry  iii  America,  placing  it  upon  the  level  it  should  occupy  in 
view  of  the  number  of  Polish  people  here,  their  state  of  enlightenment, 
and  their  economic  means — the  Association  is  moving  boldly  forward  with 
full  confidence  that  the  Polish  people  of  Chicago  will  support  its  efforts 
to  the  fullest  extent. 


•X' 


f — 
r- 


-  ■  >j 
O 


J'  ■  > 


The  first  project  of  the  Association  the  formation  of  a  huge  wholesale  food 
products  corporation.  The  necessary  capital  will  be  raised  through  the  sale 
of  stock  among  the  Polish  people  exclusively* 


F" 


II 


IV 


--  2  -^ 


Dziennik  ZwiazkO'Ay,  Dept.  27,  1917. 


POLISH 


The  enterprise  has  already  been  incorporated  in  accordance  with  the  laws 
of  the  state  of  Illinois,  for  one  hundred  thousand  dollars  under  the 
name  ^The  Associated  polish  Eusinessnen^s  Corporation^. 

Zenon  Ulanowski,  as  president,  is  at  the  head  of  the  new  corporation. 
Ulanowski  is  the  proprietor  of  the  pro^^ress  Clothing  Company  at  1165 
Milwaukee  Avenue,  The  corporation's  offices  are  located  at  1155  rilwaukee 
Avenue. 


fv.; 


II  A  2 

III  H 
I  C 


POLISH 


Dzlennlk  Zwlazkowy,  Sept»  22,  1917. 

DEVELOPMENT  OF  POLISH  BUSINESS  IN  CHICAGO 
The  United  Butchers  Packing  Company 

The  work  of  developing  Polish  business  and  industry  which  has  been  taken  up 
by  the  Poles  during  recent  years  despite  enormous  difficulties  that  have  often 
arisen,  has  not  been  in  vain  as  our  enemies  would  have  desired,  but  on  the 
contrary,  has  been  rewarded  with  the  establishment  of  many  Polish  companies, 
corporations,  and  other  business  enterprises.  Everyone  who  is  interested  in 
business  can  see  this  for  himself,  as  can  everyone  who  sees  in  Polish  business 
the  power  that  will  rebuild  our  homeland  from  its  present  ashes  and  ruins, 
and  the  means  by  which  we  can  assure  ourselves  of  an  important  place  amongst  the 
nations  of  the  worlds 

In  Saturday's  issue  of  Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  we  acquainted  our  readers  with  the 
principal  Polish  business  enterprises  in  Chicago.  Today  we  shall  write  a  few 
words  about  a  Polish  meat  packing  fiim,  of  which  it  is  possible  not  all  of 


II  A  2 

III  H 
IC 


POLISH 


Dzieiinlk  Zwiazkov/y,  Sept.  22,  1917 • 


our  readers  know.  It  v/ould  be  :7ell  to  add  here  that,  according  to  our  recently 
established  custom,  a  reporter  fron  this  newspaper  visited  the  fiirm  personally, 
watched  the  processes  of  its  work,  and  v;as  given  information  as  to  its  organi- 
zation by  the  firm's  officials. 

The   Polish  meat  packing  firm,  known  as  the  United  Butchers  Packing  Company,  is 
the  sole  Polish  enterprise  of  its  kind  in  Chicago.  It  is  located  on  Fulton 
Street  near  Halsted  Street,  in  a  district  dedicated  exclusively  to  the  fruit, 
vegetable,  and  meat  products  trade.  It  can  be  distinguished  from  the  other 
buildings  because  it  is  larger  and  more  conveniently  located. 

Over  its  front  door  hangs  a  sign  that  reads,  "United  Butchers  Packing  Company". 
The  smaller  companies  in  the  immediate  vicinity  are  non-Polish — ^mostly  German 
and  Jewish.  In  their  doon/ays  one  sees  Jev;s,  v;ho  do  their  best  to  attract 
Polish  grocers.  But  the  Polish  grocer  v/ho  has  had  several  years  of  experience 
in  the  business  alv/ays  looks  with  contempt  upon  Jev/s,  v/ho  try  to  sell  inferior 
products  for  good  money;  instead,  he  deals  v/ith  the  Polish  firm  because  he 


:t>- 


TT      * 


iCLIOrT 


III 


T-T 


D::ic:i;:il: 


'I'IZ.IO'  '■ 


r:no^"s   th-'t   t".e  ...■^-t  th^ve   i'j  "cuy-t   under  n(.)rc   sr^.nit'iry  conditions,    -ind  that 
he  v.'ill    03   '-ivcn  honest  ;:ei""t   :  nd  the  best   service. 


l'"^on  enterin"  t •  e    '^laldinr  thz-^t   -.ouse.^  the  Tolish  ")Z^'::inc'  firi'i,   rroccrs   see 
^  I'^rre   stoc':  c±     :vor::  hind   of  rst  :t ,    includin;-  h:vis,    sausa;""os,    et  ceter-i. 
The  excr.plir-.'  c2e-.nlinosc   ctrihe::  t  .^.-   eye.     I..e-t-:   are  l:ept  in  tre  refrirerator 
-it  a  temper-i'j^v.re   ci'  thirty-i'ive   de  -rees   r-direnheit .      Sl:.urr:te:;-*ed  stock  hangs   on 
hoohs  and   is   nu.d>:rcd  in  the  order  in    diich  it   \;ac   L:l:.iUyhtcre_.      ..aturaliy, 
it   is  not   slai.-'htored  here,   Tor  the   luv/  does  net  y^r^iit   th':t.      3h'ni;*hteriny  is 


done   at   the    .:orld-r-Uious   stoch   V'-':rds,    for  ".'hich   the   fir::,  ^rvr^   a    -reviour^lv 
a.-rced  upon  -orice  per  anir/:l.      In  anor'.cr,    30Lie:;hat   r^naller  builiin;'  of  the 
fir:::,    situated  next   door  to  the  first,    live   fc".;l,    supplied  by   tiie  f:.r;:-ers   in 
tlio   vicinity  of  Chica  -o,   are   sold. 


aw 

c 


■»^  "(^  -r*! 


Sausares  and  h'.\i::s   are  "reduced  on  the  first  floor  of  the  iiain  ov.ildiny.   .;or::ers 
chov)  the  neat,  after  ;:hich  it  paifjes  t  others  v/ho  rrina  it  to  a  mass  in  ::.achines 
for  this  purpose,  after  v;hich.  the  r.e-t  is  fed  into  carefully  cleaned  crisinca. 


II  A  2 

III  H 
IC 


-  4  - 


POLISH 


Dziennlk  Zv/iazkowy,  Sept.  22,  1917 


"boiled,  and  sent  to  the  refrigerator* 

The  odor  of  meats  prepared  v;ith  vinegar  pemeates  the  entire  building. 


There  are  not  many  Polish  grocers  in  Chicago  v/ho  do  not  buy  hans,  sausages, 
beef,  and  veal  from  this  Polish  firm.  The  firm  delivers  meat  products  to 
those  grocers  xvho  cannot  call  at  the  warehouse  themselves.  The  fiim  possesses 
a  number  of  v/agons  and  motor  trucks  for  this  purpose* 


-X- 

5> 


According  to  the  information  given  our  reporter  by  one  of  the  officers  of  the 
company,  the  firm  has  a  considerable  number  of  steady  Polish  customers.  Non- 
Poles  also  buy  meat  products  there  quite  often.  Prom  the  figures  supplied  by 
the  officer,  sixty  per  cent  of  the  firm's  customers  are  Poles,  and  the  remainder 
are  tradesmen  of  other  nationalities.  Germans,  Jev/s,  Americans,  Czechs,  Italians, 
and  others. 


o 


After  observinr'  the  manufacturing  processes,  our  reporter  interviewed  the  firm's 


II  A 

III  H 
I   C 


PCLI':!! 


Dsiennik  Zv;ia";:o-.'v,   cJcr't.    "o,    1917 

■     ■■■■■■■  ^^m»^mm^ttm^^t^m^rm.^tm.mm^m-mm  ' 


president,   J-ccb   Siidov/s'.:! ,      itL  res.occt  to   the   corr.pany's  fin-incial   standinr^ 
and  its  ■'^ros'^'Octr-   for  the   future,      Sadc'S-vi  .^'-.ve  detailed  ans" -ers  to    -J  1 


'ucstions. 


"Cur  firrii/*   said  he,    "v/as  orrani::ed  't^i-'^.t  years  arc.      In  orc'anizin^   :l  ixich- 
inf*  company  to  coji^ote  a^itli   sii'iilar  Je.;i;':h-o..ned  enterprises,  v:e  hne'7  that 
a  continuous   struf:^:^^  v;ith  unJTr.ir  aracticos  av/aited  us.      This   .iid  not   frighten 
us  at   all,   hcvever,    for  '"o  "believed  in  the   sayinr  tli-^t  Fortune   fav::rs  the   bold. 
he   incor"por:ited   in  accordance  '.'ith  t'.o  la.;s  of   the   litate   of  Illinois   Lind,   ;/ith 
faith  in  God,   v;ent  to  a'orh,      I  ^.:ill  not   attci.nt   to  describe  all  ni'  our  ex- 
periences,     lliere  v;ere   tines  alien  --^rosDects   u-oru   bi'iidit  :ind  cheerful,   and  ayain, 
there  ■aere   tiiies  ahen  everythiny  a^as  blac:  and  discour'ir'ina,   as  './itb  every 
business  enterprise. 

"Cur  business   increa::ed   slo;ly.      By  su-^nlyin:-  products   of  f'ood    yaality  and  by 
dealing  honestly  vrith  cur  custoiaars,    our  fir:,,  earned  a  .cod  n-^aae  ti.rour-hout  the 


city,   jcd-'y 


is  firi.'il"  estaVdished.  be  do  not  rerrct  tliat  a^e  entered  the 


II  A  2 

III  H 
IC 


-  6  - 


Dziennik  Z\il8iZkowy^  Sept.   23,   1917 • 


POLISH 


struggle,  and  v;e  v;ould  take  every  occasion  to  advise  others  to  follov/  o\ir 
example • 

"At  present,  we  employ  twenty-two  people  in  the  preparation  and  delivery  of 
our  products,  l.e  v/ould  not  sell  our  business  for  ;j;25,000.  You  can  judge  for 
yourself  hov/  good  our  business  is  from  the  fact  that  Y;e  have  a  daily  voliime 
of  over  three  thousand  dollars.  On  certain  days  of  the  week  trade  is  rluch 
more  brisk  than  on  others. 

"Otir  corporation  has  twenty-tv;o  stocloiolders.  One  share  of  stock  costs  a 
hundred  dollars,  and  each  of  the  stockholders  possesses  several  shares.  Divi- 
dends, of  v/hich  we  cannot  complain,  are  paid  annually." 

The  administration  of  the  fiiri  consists  of:  Jacob  Sadov/ski,  president;  A. 
Kaczorowski,  secretary;  and  \/.Du2ev/ski,  treasurer.  The  board  of  directors 


-c 


CO 


II  A  2 

III  H 
IC 


-  7  - 


POLISH 


Dzlennlk  ^v/iazkov7y>  Sept.  25,  1917 • 


consists  of:  K.   Najdov7S-:i,  J.  Sado:;slci,  ?/.  Duzev;ski,  J.  R.  Zielinski,  Anthony 
Suchonski,  Joseph  Llallek,  ll,  3adov/ski,  J.  Smieniev/icz,  and  A.  Kaczdrowski. 

'Vhoever  desiires  further  information  concerning  this  Polish  neat  packing  firm 
will  find  its  administration  alv/ays  ready  to  answer  any  questions*  The  address 
is:  United  Butchers  Packing  Company,  33  Fulton  Street.  It  can  be  reached  by 
the  Halsted  street  car  line. 


c.. 


II    A    2 

III   H 

I   G 


POLISH 


Dziennik   Zwiaz^:o\^^/,    Sept.   21,    1917. 

n330Cl.i!ViO::   O'S  PCLl:;>;i  BU^INHlSolvJ:]!!  .lMD   II IDUoTKI.U^lSTS       • 

IN  C'lIICiiOO 

iicr  some  time,  we  have  been  acitcrting  in  our  colui.ms  for  the  support  of 
Polish  business   'JXid  iridustry,   but   trais   far,   the  results  have  been  smallo 
A  certain  po:^tion  of  our  countrymen  recc^rd  the  slogan  ••Buy  fror.i  Poles"   as 
a  bait  thought  up  by  Polisn  businessnen  to   help  fill  taeir  o\n:  pocKets; 
others  admit  thp.t  it   is  a  very  good  principle,   but  th-it   it  applies  to  others 
rather  than  themselves,      .^s  a  result,   P^Iis:    business   ir   .^m^>-ica  as  a  wiiole, 
as  v;ell  as  Pclisb   business  in  CiIoh::^,    l?  riot  r.iokine:  much  progress* 


On  the  conviction  that   tue  expansion   of  Polisu  businocs  and   industry  is 
desirable  and  necessary  from  a  nationalistic  point   of  viev/,   a  sroup  of  Polish 
businessmen  of  Ghicaro  vvho  underst-jnd  t^eir  duties  to  tue  Polls.:    nation  has 
decided,  v/ith  the   support   of  tne  Polisn  press,    to  corduct  an  energetic 
campaign  for  the  promotior   of  Polish   busir-ess  arni   industry  in  Chicago.     V;e 
sbail  try  to   show  In  our  articles  that   the  desire  for  porsonf^l  pain   is  not 


r 


TO 
O 


CD 


Hi 

I  c 


POLldd 


n 


DziennJlc  2>riazl:ov;y,  Sept.  21,  1Q17, 


trie  nost  iir.portant  fcctor  by  wiac:.  tnose  wao  ct'li  for  support  of  polish 
business  are  coverned,  t.nd,  at  tae  same  tirr^e,  we  shall  advertise  Polisa 
stores,  shops,  and  fc.ctories  to  the  extent  or  our  means* 

It  is  not  our  intention  to  harm  anyone;  we  have  no  desire  to  ruin  businessmen 
of  other  nationalities.  Our  one  sin  is  to  create  a  hamonlous  co-operation 
hetv/een  tne  various  elements  of  our  nation,  so  that  collectively  we  can 
render  tne  greatest  possible  service  to  Pol^jido 

It  is  wrongly  assumed  by  some  i^eople  t.iat  a  well-ore:cmized  national  group  in 
America  cannot  do  muc  to  help  its  native  land.  Let  us  compare,  for  example, 
the  sums  oi  money  collected  for  nationalistic  purposes  by  the  jewisn  element 
here  with  that  of  the  Polisho  l^o  one  accuses  txO  Poles  of  bems  less  generous 
tnan  the  jews,  although  it  is  quite  probable  taat,  after  L^ore  ti.an  a  hundred 
years  of  oppression  by  conquerors,  we  may  have  lost  cur  sense  of  national 
duty  to  a  certain  extent. 


o 


0.3 


o-" 


II  .1  ' 

111   H 
I  C 


-  5  - 


Dziennik   JLvviuzkovr/^    Jept  ^    21,    1917 


>CLIJK 


.....DUt   another  Tactor  si-ould  be  taken  into  consiler^ition — ne  v'ho  nas  very 
little  or  notr.inr:  himself  cannot   rive  muo..   to  ot:.ers« 


^f^ 


The  wealthy  Jews  raised  millions  wnen  tueir  p^^-^Pl^  requirea  aid.  .it  such 
a  tiifiC,  it   v;a&  their  duty  to  ':ive,  and  to  f.ivo  proportionately  inore  than  can 
be  given  by  people  wnose  earnings  are  sufficient  only  for  their  ov-ii  support* 
The  Polish  element  had  no  sucri  v/ealt!:y  members  v/no,  upon  necessity,  could 
cone  fortn  './ith  lar^e  sums  of  money.  V/e  must  openly  admit  to  ourselves 
that,  althouc^'.a  we  have  all  been  :ivin6  a  little,  the  agf^regate  has  not  been 
very  large o 

It  is  time  that  we  stopped  complaining:  of  disunion,  that  we  lack  harmony 
and  because  of   this,  stren^-th.  Let  us  try  to  do  something  to  concentrate 
our  forces  and  thus  create  strengtii.  Political  pov/er  goes  nand  in  nand  v^ith 
economic  pov/er.  Let  u.s  help  to  expand  Polisii  business  and  industry  by 
supporting  Polish  enterprise  and  create  such  economic  power* 


-c 


CO 

cr> 
ho 

CT' 


II  ..  2 

III  H 
I   C 


.    A    . 


POLISH 


Sziennik   .^wiazkov«y,    Sept.   21,   1917. 


Below  ycu  will    find  tie  •ir'.vertiseraoiits  of  Polisii  nevchanti^  v;ho  "^^ecommend  their 
stores  to  you,    boti  for  the  quality  of  the  nierciuTidise  ofi'ered   und  for  the 
prices  at  v;hich  tney   sell.     You  have  notr.inr  to  lose  by  patronising  Polish 
stores;   on  the  contrary,   you  may  even  gain,   if  you  compare  tne  nierc::andise 

they  offer  with  that  of  stores  owned  by  non-Polj  sn  people  m  the  same 
community. 

Poles I      Support  Polisn  business  and  industry I 


O 


OJ5 


.^a 


IV 


POLISH 


DzieiiHik  Zm^zi^owj^  Sept.    15,   191V. 

DlilVilLOH.  iLNT  OF  POLISJ  buSil-i':^S3  Il>i  CflCi^JU 

A.   Dzindul  and  Gofipai-y 


It  ie   certain  th^t   a  c^eat  mnny   of  cur  countrivTrien  do  not  knovj  that  there 
is  a  lar^re  Polish  store  sel^Jrc  medical   instr^onents  nnd  orthopedic  -apparatus 
in  Chicago*     This  05:tablis:j.i9nt   is  furtner  proor  triat  Polish  business  in 
Chicago  h'is  been   developinc  i-^-   recent  years  in  pivery  fi^ld,    -^rd  that   its 
future  is  goodo 

If  the  reader  has   ever  walked  dov;n  ull'raulree  ^^.venbe  near  Kobey  Jtreet,    he 
will   have  noticed   the  large   build ri^g  ^^'  ^^^^   address  IbG",   v;ith  a  sign  on 


the  door  reading,  "^ix.   Dziadul  and  Co'^np 


•aVN.tr       ^* 


Perhaps   ho  has   seen  tue  display 


of  medical   and   ort-'Opedic   apparatus   in  t'-.e  v^indow.      It    is   a  polisii  store, 
-and   it   is  our  purpose  to  devote   some  space   in  today*  s   issue  to  acquaint   our 
readers  v:ith  it» 

Our  reporter  called  yesterdar'   at   t..e  above-mentioned  store,   where  .!•   Dziadul 
cave  hin    the  nocess-ir^^   information,    and  vL\eve  he   sa..  the   instruments  and 


O 

CO 

r>o 


il 

IV 


rv 


? 


D z i  ern  1  ]^  Zv-^ i -^x z k r^ wy ,    o^pt.    15,    1917 


PCLjLoH 


'ipparatus  .ranvif  act  urea  by  Dzi'iirlvl, 

It  should  be  mertioned  nevfd  that   Dziadvl  hcis  aL^'-*^\s  been  -an  active  worker  ^n 
nationcilistic  <iffeirs,    and  especially  as  a  r.iprber  oi*   tue  Polisa  Falcons* 
J.liance,   serving  for  some   time  as  secretary-general   or'  thct   organization* 
Our  countrymen  v/ill   probably  remember  nim  Trom  a  nuraber  of  rWloon  and  polish 
National  .Jliance  conveijtions,    for  iie  was  also  a  nember  of  the  board  of 
directors  of   tne  Polisa  Ilaticnal   ^Jli^-.nce.     "..T.enever  it  wa?^  necessary  to 
carry  aid  to  the  nungry  and   uiifortiinate,    Dziadul  v/as  alv;ays   erionc  the  first 
to   coiitribute.     .wt   present,    Dziadul  works   in   tr.e   store,    aided  by  his  two  sons 

A.   Dziftdul  and  Company   is  the  only  establishment  of  its  kind  on  the  r.orth^vest 
side  of  the  city*      It   has  no  competition,    therefore,    and  is  developing 
splendidly. 


X) 


*^ 


.-according  to   the   information   supplied  by  Dziadul,   the  firm  was  established 
in  190P*     .ifter  many  experierces  which   v/e  v/ill  not  take  space  to  describe, 


II 

IV 


£X 


-       ?       ^ 


Dzl^rnik:  Zi^jxez'kovrr^    oept.    15,    1917. 


POLISH 


it  assured  itself  of  its  exist'^rce  by  sellinc  gooa  mciterial  a^-  the  lov/est 
possible  prices*  lirr.ployed  in  tiie  s.iop  are  Dziadul's  tv;o  sons,  two  women 
to  serve  feninine  cliontelo,  a  bootckieeper,  and  a  boy* 

The  first  tiling  ore  notices  upon  orterirc  tlie  stor^  is  its  exemplary  neatness 
and  order •  There  is  a  lon^  rov^  of  glass  showcases  on  each  side,  in  which  one 
sees  orthopedic  apparatus  of  every  description^ . .  .mucii  of  v/hich  could  be 
identified  -nd  described  only  by  a  specialist.   In  back  of  the  store  is  the 
snop  in  Wiiicli  the  above-mentioned  articles  are  made.  3everal  people  are 
employed  there*  i\t   t:.e  sides  are  tv/o  rooms,  one  for  men  and  one   for  xvomon, 
ir.  wricn  measurements  ?.re  tal^en  and  necessary  ex?dminations  made*  Next  to 

one  of  these  rooms  is  the  office  of  the  bookkeeper  and  stenoiT-rapher*  .-iS 
far  as  the  reporter  could  see,  the  books  are  kept  in  exemplary  order  ac- 
cording to  the  latest  system,  of  accounting* 


"/Old  hovj's  your  store  in  tue  matter  of  customers?"  asked  our  reporter* 
'*i}':  you  get  much  support  from  tae  i'Olis^.  people?" 


II      .V     P 

IV 


"     4:    ^ 


Dziennir:  ^^viazkowy,    Sept.   lb,    1917. 


PO:^ioH 


*'I  cariTOt   complain/*  answered  Dsiadul,    '^altnough  I  must  adirdt  that   if  not 
for  the  support   of  otners  t:.an  Poles,   my  .store  coul^  net   exist.      I  do  not 
kno'*/  v;hy,    but  trie  majority  of  Polisi  piiysicians  do  not   support  mp,   v/hile 
physicians  of  otrer  nationalities,   including  Germans  and  Jev/s,   are   steady 
customers.     Did  you  icnov;  that   over  cix  hundred  ncr-Polisn  physicians  scattered 
all  ever  the  city  trade  here  recularly,    and   send  us  all  their  patients, 
while  a  great  many  polish  physicians  patronize  Jev/ish-ovrned  esteblishm.ents 
dov/ntovm?     The  sam.e  can  be   said  of  hospitals*     Nor-Polisi  nospitals  buy 
their  equipment   here,    but   unfortunately,    the  same  cannot  be   said  of  our 

Polish  hospital.      I  cannot   remember  that  the  Polish   hospital  /3t.  liary's/ 
has  ever  given  us  an  order.      In  general,    n.ov/ever,  we  are  satisfied  n-ith 

orr  Polisn  trade,   nm   it   is  'v?th  pleasure  that  v/e  see  it  increase  with 

each  month. 


o 


CO 

CD 

en 


'^Business  is  good,  which  fact  I  ov/e  first  of  all  to  my  own  nara  work  and 
my  experierce  in  this  fiela.   I  have  been  engaged  in  this  i^ind  of  work  for 
many  years,  and  I  v:ould  not  trade  my  experierce  for  the  experience  of  any- 


II  A  2 
IV 


-  5  - 


POLISH 


Dziennlk  ^?Jiazko\Tj,   Septo  15,   lyi7 


one  else  in  the  business.** 

Dziadiil  th.3n  described  the   financial   condition  of  the  finrio     Its  .Tionthly 
turnover  amounts  to  two  thousand  dollars,  v/hile  the  estimated  value  of  the 
establishment  exceeds  ten  thousand*     It  should  be  added  here  that  the  store 
is  growing  each  year» 

Lluch  coula  yot  be  said  about   A.   Dziadu]    and  Company,   but  lack  of  space  forces 
us  to  limit  our  remarks.   Dziadul  himself  v/ill  give  further  information  to 
anyone  who  desires  it. 

Polish  physicians,    drug{?ists,   and  nidv/ivec  who  are  supported  solely  by  Polish 
people  and  who  advertise,    "Patronize  your  own  countrymen/*  ought  to  support 
this  enterprise  and  recontr.ond  it   to  their  patients.     If  they  do  not  do  this, 
how  can  thoy   loid  it  against  Poles  who  do  not   support  them? 


■<  1 


II  . 

V 

■^      1  .J 

TT     - 

i* 

a.  1 

■~ 

III 

I     .. 

•2' 

T  jr 

»  A 

OLI-i 


i.zienni 


ICLI 


I-  -       ,-.  -■ 


■t. 


T    r  ^r 


^  i 


o 


va7. 


.:rn  t:"io  tr'.ilcrinr  trnde  at 
es   oi'  Chi  care.      It    i-:-  v:ell 


The  need   i"or  a  school   iri  \;hic:i  ^ur  c" ui'tryinsr   could   l^^^r 

8   rel(jlively  lev;  cort   :iro   lo;;r  beer   felv    m:..c:.  •   tjiO   holes 

Kncv.n   uh*:,t  Foles   w/ao   '.er^irec    to   loc.rn   outtin    ,   -/hich,      ^urentn  ..tically  njeahinr:, 

io   the  riort   dirricuit   ;  nrt   oT   Lai:c:-i:.;-      'r*.:,   iu.ve  ri^'d   to  fr  t:>  tailorir-    schools 

or^erated  by  non-i-oles   arr^.    :  ay  J.ar.-v   .  u:;.:.    o.:'  Mcney  I'^-r  t  ^e  course.      Very  often, 

Ghey  li'dY  :  not  b';en    '^iven  thoir  -.oneyVs  vrorth. 

As   the  ioea  or  retur^' inr    co   our  .lO'iiOland  grov;o,    tne  nu  ber  of  nen  desirin--  to 
learn  the  tailor: n:    trade  l-as   increaser;    considerably,     7\^ervone  vhio  Knov;s   a  little 
of  tailoring,   but  ;.ho   -"'oes  not   '^-noxv  iir.-,.    go   c.'t,    io   ha'-tenin^-  t'^   learn  oubtin/:^,    for 
ho  Knovjs   tp.ao    chiere  vn.ll   be   Tlcj.Ly  of  v;^r-:    in  "'uro-e  v.hc-n   trie  v;ar   is   over. 
Thousands  of  tailorr    \H1   find   an    BT'ire:  i'=!ly  v/ell-^^ayin.'''   occu^'ation   in  clothing 
•'^irope^s  denuded  millions   of  "eople. 

^he  roles  v/iio   intenn   -oo  rotiirn  I  ■  rclano,    there  to   earn  tnoir  livirb<^,  v/culd  do 


-X3 


-T3 


9 


TI  '^ 

ei 

'           f 

III 

y 

r. 

*  J 

III 

T    n 

best  tc  Loam  the  tailcriDr  trr:r!e  here  in  the  United  "^t&tes. 


^J.1  thoce  dcr-irinr  to  learn  cut^inr-  nhoulc^  ta'e  acvanta^e  of  the 
school  opened  by  Lhe  holi:;h  TGiJv';r3»  Society,  rroup  5,  Polish  National  ihlliance. 
C'larses  are  hole  at  tuo  ralccns*  Hall,  1CG3-  hih.  aur:..e  /.venue.   The  fevj  members 
v;ho,  as  v.c  learned  recenc.ly,  enrolled  for  one  course  v.ere  v;e' 1  rleased  vjith 
themselves  for  doinr  so  c- fter  nt^tendinr  a  fev.  classes. 

''e  siiall  not  tahe  ti^:^e  ri'-re  to  --Ive  a  len^  t::y  cescri-jtion  of  this  school  of  cut- 
tiny,  '  e  must,  hov/ever,  coi^ir-^cryl  tsi^-  ;.:tcr'  tahen  by  tne  Polish  Tai"'ors*  society, 
for  it  is  a  '^iieans  of  increasin  the  Msofulness  rf  many  cf  our  countr'^ren  v/hc 
plan  to  return  g  ;  Poland  eft  or  the  :.ar,  to  earn  their  liviny  tiere  and  to  'lelp 
retuii'-  tiie  land  fron  its  -resent  asues  and  ruins • 


-X5 


cr 


The  car>abl  e   tailor,    "ich'jc-'i ,    has  been   ay^pointed   instructor  of   cutting*.      The  cost 
of  the  c<^urse   to  nenbers   of  the   '^ociou."    is   cai-^ty  dollars,    to  non-memberr,    sixty 
dollars.      One  i;ay  to   save  thirty  ao'lars    is   to    join  the  Polisli  'Tailors'    society. 


Further   information  vr'll  be  Ciicerfullv  ^-jven  bv  tno  secretar^.^  to  all 


J    V_'  C4.  . 


those  vmo  de- 


sire  it. 


II  :.  P 


POLISH 


Dziennlk  ^wlazlfowy,  o^pt,  8,  iyJV. 

DE7.^1.0PL:i:KT  OF  PCLIoii  BIa3IN-£o:d  III  CHICAGO 
Chicago  Upnolstered  Fiirniture  Gompan2/' 


r».s  we  nave  described  in  previous  issues  of  Dziennik:  /^wiazkovwy,  the  Poles  are 
represented  in  many  different  Kinds  oi   business  and  industrial  enterprise  in 
Chicat;:©.  Polish  firms  v;itn  a  montnDy  turnover  of  several  thousand  or  even 
several  tens  or  thousands  of  dollars  are  nc  longer  rare  in  Caica^o.  In 
every  f'olisa  community  one  finds  a  great  many  Pollsn  Dusiness  enterprises 
that  aid  not  exist  ten  or  fifteen  years  a^c. 


One  sucli  ?olisr»  firm,  aating  rrom  the  year  1^11,  is  the  Chicago  Upnolsterea 
Furniture  Company,  located  m  a  large  briCiC  building  at  406-1.^  North  Leavitt 
Street.  It  is  a  factory  district,  as  can  be  seen  from  tne  large  masses  of 
blacK  S(noK"e»   In  order  to  acouamt  the  readers  of  Dzlerriik:  Z.v;ia2kowy  with  tnis 
Polish  furniture  factory,  our  reporter  paid  it  a  visit,  and  tharJrcs  to  tae 
courtesy  of  one  of  tne  stockaolders,  ae  v;a5  able  to  tour  tae  entire  building 
and  to  see  hov;  the  v^ork  t.iere  is  done. 


V     2 


-  ^  - 


POLlSIi 


Dziennik   Zv:i^z<ovry^    Jept.   b,   l*:^!'/. 


»-  •> 


IT 


The  place  nums  witu  eotivity  rrom  morning  until  ni^ht.     .^bout  forty-tv;o 
people  are  employea  in  trie  factory,      .^e  snail  not   atteiript  to  ^'ive  trie  aetails 
of  furniture  manuf'^cture  here,   Tor  anyone  who  is  sufi'iciently  interested  can 
visit   tne  factory  during  woricin^  hour?  and  seo  Tor  niirself  nov/  the  Turaiture 
is  maae,    painted,    and  upnolstered,    and  tne  maciiines  taat   are  used  in  this 
work.     The  factory  occupies  two  floors  of  the  building  in  which  It  is  located^  L^ 

en 

In  answer  to  our  reporter's  question  as  to  tae  number  of  Polisii  customers, 
S»  3.  Lesner,  treasurer  of  the  firm,  replied: 

"'.\'e  cannot  claim  a  large  number  of  Polish  customers •  For  all  the  large  namber 
of  Poles  in  Chicago  and,  if  I  am  not  mistaken,  the  more  than  twenty  large 
Polish  furidture  stores,  only  tv/c  or  three  Polish-  finas  buy  from  us." 


"How  do  you  explain  this  seemin^:;  iiidifference  of  Polish  furniture  dealers  to 
your  firm?"  asked  the  report i?r.   "Perhaps  your  prices  are  hi^iier,  or  the 
^.*^ork  is  not  as  well  done  aj  elsewi.ere." 


II 


-M 


-  3  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Z^iaakowy,  Sept.  8,  1917 • 


V 


-O 
o 


V/ithout  a  F.oment's  hesitation,  Lesner  replied:  *^our  prices  are  certainly  not 
hi^er  than  those  of  other  firms,  and  our  work  is  not  inferior*   In  my   own 

opinion,  our  prices  are  lo^^er,  as  a  natter  of  fact,  and  our  work  is  in  every 
respect  superior  to  otners.   I  attribute  ti^e  lack  of  support  to  an  inherent 
indifference  of  Poles  to  mutual  co~^peration.  There  is  a  sort  of  jealousy 
tov.^ard  the  rran  v:^io  is  p.  little  better  off,  and  then  there  is  the  popular 
misconception  that  a  Jew  can  alvays  sell  trjin^^s  more  cheaply.  As  far  as  our 
firm  is  concerned,  I  must  confess  tnat,  if  not  for  the  support  of  non-Poles,  -- 
we  would  have  to  snut  down  and  seek  our  fortunes  in  other  fields.  The  l&rgest 
fu37niture  stores  in  Chicago  are  among  our  best  customers,  Wiiicu  proves  that 
our  work  is  well  done  and  our  prices  are  ri^-^ht.  Otherwise,  the  large  dealers 
would  have  nothing  to  do  witii  us." 

"Business  has  suffered  since  the  United  otates  declared  war  on  Germany/* 
continued  Lesner.  "Our  firm  too  is  not  so  well  off  as  before  t^ie  varo  The 
furniture  business  is  best  v;hen  many  young  people  are  r;etting  married,  and 
since  Uncle  Sam  began  callint:  all  men  into  the  ar^iy  there  are  not  many 


II 


-  4  - 


Dziennik  Ziviazkowy,   Japt.  8,   1S17, 


POLISH 


CO 

> 


marriages,  nor  are  many  nev/  homes  bein  :  established. 

'•But  despite  various  difficulties,  we  cannot  complain  of  bad  business.   ;/e 
have  steady  custoi:iers  ii:  almost  every  p<;rt  or  tie  city," 

• 

Irom  further  conversation  v/ith  Lesrer,  our  rexjorter  learned  a  fev/  facts 
concerning:  the  financial  condition  of  the  firm.  The  Chica^^c  Upholstered 
Furniture  Company  was  incor}.orated  in  accoraance  wita  state  lav;  for  -^10, COO 
in  1911.  Since  that  time,  it  has  been  slov/ly  but  steadily  progressing, 
competing  against  Jewish-ovvned  firms,  the  concern  of  wiich  it  is  to  keep 
Polish  business  from  developinf>  Today  t:ie  fimi  >i8£  assets  totalling  at 
least  ,pO,000.  During  ti.e  present  year,  taere  has  been  no  appreciable 
change  in  its  sales  volume. 

The  stockholders  are:  xiugust  Bibott,  president;  j.  S.  Lesn3r,  treasurer; 

and  LIrs.  Frances  oimon,  cashier.  ICach  of  them  tcikes  active  part  in  the  firm's 

adnini rtrat ion« 


r 
r 


II  ii  ^ 


-  b  - 


PCLISH 


D'^Jennik  Zv/lazkovfy,    Sept.   8,    1917 • 

The  factory  do3s  not  take  orders  from  retail  customers;  it  ae^ils  only  iv^ith  ? 
furniture  de'i3ers,  on^  a  vTholesale  basis,  .jnon^  Its  Polish  customers  are  '^ 
Perlov;ski   Brothers  /L'nion  Liberty  rurniture  Copip-.m^  and  vU   jzyrrianski^ 


■>-,,-^ 


r-^ 


± 


I   -'   * 


■J 


POLISH 


I  C 


Dzlenni::  Zvi^^zr:ov;y,   Se^t.   1,    191? • 


Avoridale  ClotuinfT-  Corapany 

During*  the  laL-t   fev;  year3,    a  nuir.ber  of  ]  olioh  bu:^-iness   enterT)ri:es  iiave  been 
lauiiCiied  in  Ghicapo  v;hich,    deceit e  ti\e  base  rriacliiiicitions   of   corririeti tors  of 
other  nationalities,    are  flourichin/-    and   are  ^rovidinf-  tue  Polish  r-eoDl':;  -./ith 
nercaandise  of  a  very  hi.--M  :.ualioy  at   tiie  lo'.;e'^t   roG-slbie   crices, 

Cne  such   ent^r^rise   is    tlie  Avoncale  niotiiin'*    .'0T.p.i?riy,    Iccr^ted  at   ::875-77   -'il- 
v/aukee  ^.venue;    it   is   a  men's   clobhiri.^*  -storo.      /.  rc.T:orter  from  r-z  I  en  ni  -:  Zv;  i  a  zk  ovat     ,^' 
visited   t:  e   esbablishr;;eno   and,    Oi.anks   to   the  courtesy  cT  /•^;brczov:s  :i ,    toe  :;'ana-er,^^ 
v.as  able  to   see  hov;  business   is   conoucted  t:.ere  and  to   ob':ain  inforination  con- 
cernino-    Iht  firn^s    financial   ot.at:..s. 


Ta^cir-:   Lhe   oroverb   -'Fortune   s"iiles   uron  the  fcl.^-"   as   t'leir  watchv/ord,.    four 
ener'-etic  Polish   citizens,    na   ely,    J.   "o^-oziarz,    A.    A""brozei'^s^-a  ,    "^.eon  "^cjcins'^i , 
and  J.   Tov.'icki   ^ut   tor^ether  t;;^4r  liard-oarned  noney  ano  ,    in  :  arc'i,    3  91^,    opened 


:  *     '-J 


-^^r^J 


n 


Tl 


Brni 


1 , 


■"  -  ^5 T   "'^"TT^; 


T,    1917 


n 


len 


cjlothin'^     'tore   in  the  c-^rnrriunitv  of  Av^ndale 


ppre 


i  V.       ».; 


CIVS  had  been  doing 


V, 


business   ari'Onr 


the  J  cles 


c 


aanv  verirc 


vJ   • 


'1  h 9 \'  i nc o PT o r •; ted,    in   ace c r c 


-.  i 


jd 


te 


for  tv;entv-rive  th 


/^.  ;•''-•  <-    >     r. 


11  •.:..- 


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J.  V 


iiC 


uu 


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O  j.i.      I. 


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nt 


the  "Tos'ect 


n 


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ol 


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handedlv  to  ruin  th:.   no..    e^'Ltcv-vire 


c  f 


f 


o 


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1  i  o 


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ooT^le  bv  se")  11 


;  I 


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00 


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p 


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»/~i 


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mu' 


e^t 


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ell  u"nn  th-:    olfficul^ie! 


■V^T    Y'> 


-■  t  f^ 


■il 


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ith  coiiditionr.   can  easi 


T    T- 


/->  ,  r  ■   f 


ic)  - 


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itial    ^ 

:^e   thoi': 


;ts 


r*  <:■. 


(- 


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t 


11 


C-      'V  i.A._^J_ 


for  hi -self 


e  noea   ort  unaer- 


line  the  fac 


.at 


u»ii 


.n..s  to  the  saoirort 


v>X 


Uii 


e  holioh  y)eoT)le,   all   initial 


difficulties  v/ere  overcor.e 
clcthinr  stcre  i: 


and  tc-dav  tae  fir:;  io 


the  best  Polirh  TP.erx^  3 


C 


n  1  c  a 


#-^  -••  <^ 


y      ^  • 


^'u?\i  n 


the  couroe  of  this  firr.'i^o  exist  once,  Jev/s 


tried  five  ti^.es  to  establish  on  eni.  ::'••■  ri;.e  of  this  sort  in  Avondale,  bu" 
feilod  each  tir.e. 


no  eve: 


*■*'  rt  <^' 


r^  f^  r\ 


on  to 


■"•-( 


^  J 


f 


r-   1:-1 


•^  J. 


stcre  v:ill  have  net  iced  that  the 


selection  -f  clcthin; 


ver''  iar; 


\ 


_/  ^ 


.-1- 


•ice 


^j  • 


-L 


-1    •>    --         r-, 


.n  ->->  r      V 


has   in  stoo 
■ed  rachs   c 


r;  oTrt-'j'j^j 


)VO 


V- 


1  V  /^  •>-.  ^  r<       T»  r>  o  r-  t''.„*'^  o  r^  c> 


'  t.    I 


n. 


U':;5>er   '\M 


11- 


Tl 


II  A  2 

I  C 


-  o  — 


POLISH 


Dziennlk  Zv/iazkov/j',  Sey.t.  1,  1917. 


season  suits,  liats,  caps,  shirts,  ties,  -:uid  shoes — in  short,  cverythino  in 
men's  clotliing. 

So  far  as  our  reporter  could  notice,  this  xolish  fiiTi  charges  lov/er  prices 
than  Je\/ish-ov;ned  stores,  v;hile  its  merchandise  is  of  bettor  quality. 

"v/e  buy  most  of  cur  nerchandise,  "ex]:)lained  Aiibrozev;s.:i,  ''fron  the  Polish 
factory  Icnov/n  as  'V/ozniak  and  Conpany,'  'fhis  factory  uses  tiood  material  and 
finishes  the  work  properl^^.  V/e  also  take  orders  for  custom-made  clothes, 
from  twent3^-eicht  dollars  up. 

"!Ye  cannot  complain  of  lack  of  support  from  our  countr^Tnen.  Vie   have  a  c^^eat. 
many  steady  customers  v/ho  have  deserted  our  Jev;ish  competitors,  convinced 
that  they  have  been  cheated  by  theii  for  years.  ViO  have  the  good  fortune  that, 
v;hen  once  anyone  buys  an^rthinc  in  our  store,  he  becom.es  a  steady  customer. 
And  v/e  have  m^ore  custor.ors  of  other  nationalities  than  vie   expected,  many 


-T3 

o 

CO 

s 

cr» 


1 


o 


r\/ 


.  /I  . 


zlernl'" 


]. ' ''  Z  '  C ' 


c:js:-. 


f 
^ 


i:a/7 


.  -  .  J  O  ^  O  .  J  •        .  t    <. ...  »^  .L  C7  J  J.u,>  •         ^  ^  >««  Vi,»-.i  ^     .        -V.'    >, ,   »/  c_.  ,  ..    J       I...  iiv.^       v^VOIi  ^^      it_^-._^         C;  ^     . 


,  T  ,-^'T'  rr^       -f*  T*'"-  /^  O     ''■"if]*'      n  C" 


"■  e  h-^c!    rone  uncle£:lre^    cur-tci:.:r'^   a   -"iv  vz-'e-ir   c.i^-o.      ~'::^::''  vtrc  bur'-"l?;rs  -uhc 
er:tG^e^1   darinr-    ohe  r-i  -  I:t  v.l.i'L-:   o:\c   .  ^tcVu.^U:  ::e;'    'Mie  hnr.    stole   "^16  men's   r:uits» 
The  1o/:p  v;f;S   ^   .x:jlV:"  one,    uuL  ■.•.^;i.   ccirc   v;e  ^lo''.      V.e  oiirdl   ja-  t   hrve    tc  "be  ::;ore 
carerul    in  the  future   so   t  ictt   io   C   ^jrv   j'i^t  ''j^-^roen 


^^-ain. 


♦f 


The  ::;o:.:bers   of    oais  holif-a  c   r  r)r;.L.io^:  h^:l  •    t.eir    .:eetinrs   ^u^arteriy.      ''ectir^;3 
are  helo   for   ^.ne  jurjvore  cT  c  :.uer:';ininp;   inc^'^'f"  nnd  ex^ense,    nrA  to   confer  upon 
burliness  ::   thoao.     "very  ctockhol'^er  auc   t.:C    r:l  -ht   tc   ex^'-rec?  hjs   orlnion  and 
to   ^'.resent   Tolanc:   r~^  the  I'lr^  'r   fixture. 


^7 
O 


As  io  usuelly  the  case  in  t:ii^  lin"  of  bu--jne:-:s,  the  buF;.ier't  :--e£:^nnf:   are  eerly 
srrinp  and  early  autui'in.   -runjiier  c.nc  ;-intcr  are  :;lcc:c  ceasonr,  v/hen  there  are 
days  when  corus  are  not  even  cov.rcG.   In  --^enera."^. ,  this  rolisn  firrr.  is  '•vros'^er- 
inr,  and  ohere  in  hove  x'cr  a  stilJ.  becter  future. 


II„A  ' 
IV 


•J 


r^pr  joTi 


Dzierrj  ■■>   '^.v/iezKcvvy,   Se^^t.    1,    1917. 


If  the  I^ole^   rirj'illv  cofie  co  unoerstand   t'rip.t   thr-^y  rriiu-.t   cease  t-^  --aiM-cnize  ^-err^ian 
and  Jev: j  rh   ni^nres   oTiC    sur-r'Ort  I'clir'h   enter^ri^e   inrtead,    not   only  t,ic   -.vonnale 
Clothin--  Co:^-;^env,   but   r:a..y  other  lolirh  b'K'ireno    ;3tabli aliments  will    -  ro;.iper  in 
the  future* 


^■g.L  ...^  '■■i...'.^  i.W'-.  -'.'WP'^ 


II    A   2 


P0LI6H 


Dzienni::  ^v;iazkq}\y,   ^ur,.   25,    1917. 

PHOGxt-ii33   OF  POLIolI  3U5lKi:S3   III  GnIv..\GO 
Union  liberty  i^'urniture  Goinpany 


'Vhoever  lias  been  in  Chicago  and  lias  passed  dovm  .j.lv;aukee  .-^venue  could  not 
have  failed  to  notice  the  b-iildinp,  of   enonaous  proportions,   vjith  a  "Statue 
of  Liberty"  a  hundred  and  ninety/  feet  hi>^i  on  its   roof,      near  Paulina  street 
At  nigiit,    the  statue  presents   an   i;..posinf:  sir^it.      x.jore  than  three  thousand 
electric  lirjits  of  various  colors   illuiiiriate  it. 

The  sign  "Union  L.ibert2/  jXimiture   Joiipony"   can   ^.e  seen  upon  tlie  building. 
It  is  a  Polish  furniture  store — tae  lar^^est  rolish  store  of  its  kind  in 
the  United  states — and  it  is   ovmed  by  the  five  Perlowshi  brothers.      The 
store  at  Paulina  .>.treot   is   not   tlxe  onlv  one  oi^ied  b/  the  Perlov;ski  brothers 
(V/enceslaus,    oigr^und,   Francis,   l..icjiael,    and    /alentine).      Tnere  are  four 
other  stores  belonpanr,   go   tiie  Union  Liberty  i'urniture  Oojipany.      I^vo  are 
located  on  ...ilv;aukee  ri.venue,    one  on  .-archer  /tvenue,   and  one   in  Tovm  of  i^ake, 
on  South  .-jjshland  .avenue  betv;een  47th  and  4c^th  otreexs. 


CD 


CO 

— \ 


1±     -rt.    <:> 


POLISH 


V'-i 


Dz i enni k  ^v;i azx-:o\r;^ ,   ^^.u^.;,    2^,    1917. 

Since  a  ^-mat  nany  readers  of  ^ziermik  ^i7iaz>.ovvy  are   interested  in  t.ie 
progress  oT  Polisli  business   in  ^liicarp,    a  reporter  I'roM  -Giiis   paper 
visited  tne  larf-est  oi*  these   stores   in  order  to  describe   it.      Thames  to 
tne  eiood  v;ill  of  one  of    jne  rerlov;sr.i   brotliors,    our  reporter  visited   Giie 
entire  building  at  ..ilwaukee  and  laulina. 


'fneir 


V;e  shall  not  attempt  to  describe  the  furniture  to  be  seen  tnere. 
stock  is  so  lar;'e  tliat  tiie  display  rooi;is  occupy  an  entire  threo-stor:^' 
buildinr,.  i'he  store  has  over^^thinf,  in  the  line  of  furni-cure,  baby  car- 
riages, tables,  sofas,  dressers,  ana  so  on,  anci  everytlan^s  is  kept  in 
exeL'iplar:y^  order. 


CD 


CD 

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■ — I 
cr 


"If  v;e  could  ]iia::e  one  building  out  of  all  of  our  stores,"  said  Perlowski 
to  our  reporter,  ";ve  would  nave  tne  largest  furniture  store  in  tne  United 
States. 


II  A  2 


-  o  - 


POLIdII 


Dzieiinilc  Zwiazkowy,  ^lUg.  25,  1917. 

The  Union  liberty  jtirniture  Oonpany  has  been  in  existence  Tor  teelve  years. 
During  the  course  of   questioning,  ferlowsici  gave  our  reporter  a  detailed 
account  of  the  grov^rbh  and  present  condition  of  tne  business. 


"V/e  opened  this  business  in  1905,"  be  said,  "with  our  i'ather  JToseph  and 
our  brother-in-law,  otanislaus  ozynanslci.  Our  father  Vvas  a  manufacturer 
of  furniture  in  Poland  and  v/as  v;ell  acquainted  vjith  the  business.   V/e  had 
no  initial  difficulties,  despite  the  fact  that  we  had  only  five  thousand 
dollars  capital  to  start  with.   Our  business  grew  daily. 


o 


GO 
CD 

cn 


"In  time,  we  bought  out  ;/•  Ilowaczewski,  the  oldest  Polish  furniture  dealer 
in  Chicago,  and  later  bougiit  out  several  Ueriaan  dealers  and  a  Jew,  ex- 
panding our  business  every  year.  Today,  our  business  is  worth  a  half  mil- 
lion dollars.  \ie   have  furniture  in  stock  amounting  to  this  sum.  'Je  have 
tens  of  thousands  of  dollars  on  open  account. 


"We  have  steady  customers  in  all  parts  of  the  city,  and  about  seventy-five 


II  A  2 


-  4  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  Aug.  25,  1917. 


per  cent  of  all  our  custorners  are  Poles,  The  rest  are  i^mericans,  Russians, 
Bohemians,  Lithuanians,  and  even  Jevjs  and  Germans.  Jews  fron  the  kingdom 
in  Poland,  that  is,  from  Russian-occupied  Polaiid,  support  us  the  sarie  as 
Poles,  but  Genian  Jews  would  ^ drown  us  in  a  spoonful  of  water*  if  they 
could,  oometiiies  a  uen.'ian  or  a  ;ierrian  Jew  buys  soiaethinc  from  us,  think- 
ing v;e  are  -.\mericans  or  G-enians.  Later  v;hen  they  discover  that  vje  are 
Poles,  they  cannot  regret  their  purchase  enough.  Such  a  customer  never 
comes  bad:  a  second  time — he  would  even  Day  much  more  somev/here  else.  That 
is  the  v;ay  the  Oe27!.:ans  treat  roles  ever;^avhere. 


CO 
CD 


"That  we  are  able  to  offer  furniture  at  lov;er  prices  than  other  stores  is 
explained  oy   uho  fact  tiiat  v;e  buy  in  large  quantities  and  consequentl3;'  pay 
much  lesr;  ourselves.  i\b   an  example  of  hov;  v;e  buy  in  quantity,  let  me  cite 
the  fact  tiiat  we  bought  tv/o  whole  carlOvHds  of  baby  carriages  for  Christmas. 
Before  the  I]uropean  '.;ar  be^Tan,  we  did  considerable  out-of-tovvn  business. 
;,hen  the  war  broke  out,  however,  this  business  decreased  to  such  an  extent 
that  v;e  had  to  discontinue  it.   Cur  customers  wrote,  sayiiig  that  they 


■l-     -  ■  '^'  '- 


II  A  2 


-   b   - 


POLISH 


Dzienr.ik  ^wiazkovvy,   i-iUf*..    1^.5,    1917 • 


could  not  buy  because  tlioy  needed  the  i.ioney  to  aid   their  relatives  in  rol£.nd. 


•^ 


"Our  success   in  business   in  Chica'^o   is   due  larr.ely  to  the  fact  that  Vve  sell 
the  best  possible  furniture  at  the   lowest  possible  "orices.      Another  factor 
that   contributes   to  our  success   is   tlie  hamony  in  vjhich  v;e  v;ork  as   brothers, 
ho  such  irdsunderstandin'^^s   and  quarrels  as   usually  occur  jetxveen  businessivien 
creep  in  ar:iong  us.      j^ch  one  of  us  has  one  store  i^Jider  his  i.ianagenent .     h'e 
hold  a  business   conff^rence  once  a  :.:onth,    at  vjhich  CMCh  of  us   reports,   and 
at  v;hich  v;e  confer  air.onr,  ourselves   as   to  the  best  way  to  satisfy  our  custo- 
ii;ers . 


CO 

cr 


''Fro::,  our  years  of  ex])erience,  ;ve  have  coine  to  tue  conclusion  that  adver- 
tisin;_;  in  nev;spapers  pays  v;ell.  _ast  year  v;e  spent  nore  than  eifviteen 
thousand  dollars  for  advertising. 


"At  present,  our  stores  employ  about  ninety  people,  not  including  ourselves, 
uur  accounts  are  kept  according,  to  tue  ver;;'  latest  systeiii.  ho  other 


n.iriin   11  ■  II II 


"V    -U-'-     -  JUi  ■ 


II   A 


O 


-     O     - 


rOLISII 


Tjzicnnlk  .-.wiazr.ovr,^,   .iU<^.    25,    1917. 


furnioure   conpany  in  the  Unitec    ^-tatcG   can  boast  of   such  an  officve  as 
v/e  have. " 


-o 


This,   Tiore  or  less,   v/as   ti;o  infor::ation  Riven  to  our  re-oorter  by 
Perlowski.      Those  v;ho  :.ave  ever  iiad  ahythinf-;  to  ao  with  the  brothers 
v;ill  not  doubt  tiie  truth  of  taese  statements,      j'e,    on  our  part,    shall 
not  praise  tl.e  furniture  tnat   can  be  purchased  iii  tiieir  store,    beinp; 
of  the  opinion  that   ppod  nierchandise   is   its  ov;n   recoLnriendation.      The 
above  has   oeen  wri-oten  vjith  tue   sole  purpose  of  av/a/.eninc  j:ii.iong  our 
readers  an  interest   in  tue  pro'^.ress  of  Polish   business  and  industry.' 
tnat  v;ill   serve  to   rebuild  our  Poland  froi:  the  ashes   in  vdiich  it  nov; 
lies. 


03 


CO 

O 


c:x 


]_^-yjn>^ri   -    Z\':is.Z<OVJy y     .   'A"". 


■\1   r 


^      V.  N     -         J    ->"    I 


/*' 


Durin 


this   v;ee>,    the   li.FuVc.r.ce  T:e^  ^vx.i  ert   of*  the  .xate  of   TUinoir;    av:r)roved   tlie 
Charter   rV   x.he  .olonia  ^irc   Insurance  ConT)any.      ^-e   ineor-orators   of  this   corrjiany 
are  all  v;ell-.:nov.n  lolcs,   naniely:      h.L.   iintrov;ski,   Julius  fhiietanha,   federal   col- 
lector crv  internal  revenue,    tab  .loverend  r'.,  .     .'^jtalewicz,   Joserh  ha-oziarz,    treas- 
urer  oi*   tae     oliaa  ..abional   iO. liance,   J^hri  .-.   hoioa,    cecrc;tar7--ene:/al   of  tne 
.-oli:;h  7:o';.an  Ceo.iolic  Lnion,    iaul    hrz^-^^alj-.i  ,    director  of   t..e  .-:'o:.e  Ban!:  and  Trust 


■J  ■  ^ 


Co:-rany,    J^/'se'h  Cadot/shi ,    ^j. 

jrr;nh  ...   Kv:asi;';:roch,    /j^:"rev.   hy/'onir:, 

crzeiczyl:* 


nount-  eori'iJiiission^-r ,   j.ouis   n. 


«  o 


zynslci , 


i.anz 


i- . 


tanj.ev     ojtaGze:,    an; 


/I 


*  i  i  ■      «^  "  1 . 


o 

CjO 

en 


.  .1 


--P 


-:••*"• 


.:  lotrov/s::.! ,  ;::-0  is  u.:e  oryanirer  ^^'  ti.is  ccr^"orf::  oion  an: 
c.^fical  of  the  .:  clish  ^'nicn  7ire  Insura:"ce  Cciy  any,  "-ave  the 
t'.is   ro'.s-^a^'.er   t:.o  f  allcain  •    e:-:^'!': nation: 


i.ao 


-J.." 


C^ 


^ot 


r';^^resentc ':ive  of 


?7rr-. 


"!   ^ 


holonir 


!r  i  re 


T  V,  -<'-•)-•  o  r-  /n  p 


r 


an'^  'ill  take   tae  ^lace 


'-r 


:::e   :  clir 


I'nlon   -'ire 


■«?W*--?!»!!W»li|P 


II 


-         O         « 


vr 


Dziennik  Z^iazkovnr,   Auc;.    18,    1917. 


?OLISK 


Insurance  Company,  v:hich  has  besn  orfranizing  for  some  tirr.e.   It  Is  actually  the 
sane  ccmrany  v:ith  a  nev;  none.     Stockholders  of  the  former  coiripany  v-ill  be  stock- 
holders in  Folonia  under  the  same  conditions,  and  the  stock  vill  be  ^f  the  sa^e 
value.  The  reason  v^hy  v;e  chan.'^red  the  nair^e  is  thi^:   In  October,  191b,  the  In- 
surance De  artment  of  the  F'tate  of  Illiroi^  a"f^'proved  the  Chrjrter  of  the  Polish 
Union  Fire  Insurance  Com-nany,  ''dth  a  reserve  capital  of  one  aiillion  dollars. 
Accordin/T;  to  the  la::,  this  ca:  ital  :.iust  be  collected  within  tvo  years  of  the  ap- 
proval of  the  charter.  Since  the  tv.o-year  period  is  almost  up,  and  since  the  law 
does  not  ^er":it  reducing-  the  reserve  ca^^ital  sr^ecified  in  the  charter  before  the 
company  begins  to  oi^erate,  v;e  were  forced  to  form,  a  new  company  v;ith  a  smaller 
car-ital  and  a  different  name. 


CD 


Co 

CD 


"The  law  further  requires  that  every  stockholder  ^ive  written  permission  for  the 
transfer  of  his  money  inserted  in  the  Polish  Union  Fire  Insurance  Company  to  the 
Polonia  Fire  Insurance  Company.  Up  to  this  time,  about  eirhty-five  per  cent  of 
the  stockholders  have  ^iven  such  permission,  V7hich  is  absolutely  essential.  Those 
who  have  delayed  in  sendin/^  in  their  written  statements  to  this  effect  are  harming 
themselves  and  the  other  stockholders,  and  are  postponing  the  time  when  the  company 


II  A  2 


-  b  - 


>OT,T- 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  Aug,  13,  1917. 


nay  becin  operating*.  Some  ct   the  stockliolfers  have  not  yet  ;r^&id  in  full  for  their 
shares.  The  lavj  reoulres  that  all  shares  be  fully  r.aid  for,  and  the  state  examiner 
v;ill  audit  the  company*  s  books  tc  see  thet  this  is  so.  As  soon  as  v.e  have  the  re- 
quired AAjritten  -emission  from  every  scockholde:^,  and  all  outstanding  money  (or 
stock)  is  in,  the  comnany  v;ill  be^'in  OT-ieraticns,  Let  there  be  no  more  delay.   In 
a  v:eek  or  ten  days,  the  state  insoector  from  S^rin-rfield  v/ill  come  to  check  our  books, 
and  by  that  time  we  m.ust  have  everythim^  ready.   If  he  fin^s  evo^rythinr  in  order,  ^ 
the  state  authorities  v/ill  i.-sue  us  our  license  t^  emit  tire  us  to  open  for  business.  '^ 


*»The  funds  inverted  in  st^ck  are  safely  reinvested,  in  accordance  with  state  lav;,  P 
in  bonds  and  real  estate  mortpares.  Thus  the  realization  of  this  new  financial  in-!!;^ 
stitution,  so  necessary  for  A  erican  Polonia,  is  only  a  matter  of  a  fevj  days,  and  § 
I  am  sure  that  the  stockholders  will  delay  no  lonf e 
of  them.'* 


,  but  will  do  v.hat  is  ex"nected  • 

CD 


cr 


II  A  2 


POLISH 


I 


Dzlennik  Zwiazkowy,  Aug.  11,  1917* 

DEV2X0P1IEMT  OF  POLISH  BUSIISSS  BI  CEICAGC 
V/hite  Eagle  Brewing  Company  Worth  More  Than  Half 

Million  Dollars 

Here  and  there,  one  hears  the  reiiark  that  Buffalo  is  the  only  American 
city  to  posses  a  Polish  brewery  while  Chicago,  with  a  Polish  population 
three  times  as  large,  does  not*  To  those  who  say  this,  we  can  boldly  say 
that  they  are  in  error,  for  Chicago  has  not  one,  but  three  Polish  breweries. 

Today  we  are  dedicating  space  to  one  of  these,  in  answer  to  a  number  of 
letters  inquiring  if  it  is  really  true  that  there  is  no  Polish  brewery  in 
Chicago.  We  have  in  mind  the  Vvliite  Eagle  Brewing  Company,  the  largest 
Polish  brewery  in  Chicago,  which  is  located  in  the  Stock  Yards  district  at 
3755  South  Racine  Avenue. 


The  brewery  building  is  made  of  concrete  that  looks  like  red  brick.  Black 
smoke  rises  to  the  skies  from  its  tall  chimney.  The  president  of  the  firm. 


II  A  2 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazko^vy,  Aug,  11,  1917 • 

Leonard  Rutkowski,  conducted  a  reporter  for  this  nev;spaper  through  the 
building,  and  showed  him  ever:^''thing  there  is  to  be  seen  in  a  breweiy. 
He  was  shown  first,  the  machinery  for  making  ice,  a  great  deal  of  which 
is  used  in  all  parts  of  the  building.  Then,  there  is  an  enorcious  machine 
that  sets  in  notion  all  of  the  other  smaller  machines  on  all  floors  of 
the  building 


^•All  of  the  machines  that  you  see,"  said  the  president  of  the  firm, 
"represent  an  investment  of  about  two  hundred  thousand  dollars.-^ 

The  first  thing  to  attract  ones'  attention  is  a  large  copper  vat,  with 
a  capacity  of  three  hundred  barrels.   "The  beer  is  brewed  in  this  vat," 
explained  Hutkowski.   "The  beer  is  then  cooled  by  coils  containing  ice 
water,  and  passes  to  a  vat  on  one  of  the  upper  floors.  Here  it  is 
strained  of  hops  and  sent  to  other  vats,  where  it  is  filtered  and  then 
allowed  to  ferment.  After  it  stands  for  a  few  days,  it  acquires  the 
proper  flavor.  The  finished  product  is  poured  into  barrels  in  another 


*_ 


c. 


II  A  2 


-  3  - 


POLISH 


Dziennlk  Zwiazkovi/y^  Aug.  11,  1917. 

department.  But  let  us  move  on,  so  that  you  can  observe  each  of  these 
processes.'* 

In  each  department  one  sees  something  different.  Here  stand  bags  of 
hops,  readj'-  to  be  used  in  brewing;  over  there  stand  great  vats,  beside 
which  a  man  looks  the  size  of  a  pea.  Rutkowskl  pointed  to  one  of  the 
bags  of  hops  and  said: 

*»T!his  is  the  only  bag  of  hops,  imported  from  Europe,  that  we  have  left. 
Our  old  stock  is  all  used  up  and  no  more  can  be  imported.  But  there  is 
no  lack  of  hops  in  i\merica.  V/e  get  ours  from  New  York,  California,  and 
Oregon,  where  the  largest  hop  plantations  are  located." 

The  beer  vats  that  one  sees  in  every  department  are  tinily  enormous.  There 
are  forty  vats  of  three  hundred  barrels  capacity,  forty  of  eighty-five 
barrels,  twenty  of  two  hundred  and  fifty  barrels,  forty  of  a  hundred  and 
fifty  barrels,  and  twenty  of  sixty  barrels  capacity.  The  beer  must  be 


•j^ 


II  A  2 


-  4  - 


POLISH 


Dziermik  Zv/iazkow^/^  Aug.  11,  1917. 

in  the  vatc  three  months  before  it  may   be  consuiaed.  At  present,  the  price 
of  beer  is  seven  dollars  per  barrel. 

Cn  the  top  floor  of  the  buildlnr  is  the  stock  of  barley  needed  in  the  pro- 
duction of  beer,  and  the  machines  which  grind,  measure  out  and,  in  general, 
turn  the  barley  into  beer. 


Five  Jaloonkeepers  Organize  Corporation 


raj 


The  brevjery  v;as  opened  in  1902  by  Llaciejev/ski  and  Czaja.   It  v;as  incor- 
porated at  that  time  for  fifty  thousand  dollars.  Six  years  later,  five 
Polish  saloonkeepers  purchased  the  brev;ery  from  its  original  oxvners.  The 
brev;ery*s  success  dates  from  that  time  on.  The  saloonl:eepers  orf^anized  a 
corporation,  secured  a  sufficient  nui.iber  of .  stocidiolders,  and  incorporated 
for  H,i250,000.  They  cleared  the  firm  of  its  debts  and,  to  their  ov;n  great 
satisfaction,  fouiul  tliat  they  could  pay  a  twenty-five  per  cent  dividend. 
No  enterprise  could  prosper  to  a  greater  degree.  Gomiriission  houses, 


rvi 


II  A 


.  5  - 


POLISH 


Dziennil:  Zwiazkov.y,  -^ug.  11,  1917. 

groccrier.,  restaurants,  theaters  were  failiir^  daily,  but  the  Polish  hreviery 
grev;  and  expanded,  its  foundations  ever  surer  and  finaer. 


According  to  the  report  of  the  state  assessor,  the  brevjeiy  is  now  valued 
at  sp541,41^.22.   Its  income  is  large.  Tlie  jnonthly  turnover  amounts  to 
more  than  sixty  thousanrl  dollars,  xiccording  to  2utkov/ski,  the  .^liite  Eagle 
brewery  sold  ninety  thousand  barrels  of  beer  last  year. 

The  brewer^/  steadily  eiiploys  forty  :.ien.   It  has  four  motor  trucks  and 
eight  horse-drawn  wagons  for  the  distribution  of  its  product. 

According  to  the  bylaws  of  the  corporation,  only  saloonkeepers  may  be 
stockholders,  -nt  this  tiiae,  the  firm  has  one  hundred  and  forty  members. 
Cf  these,  one  hundred  have  purchased  tv;enty  shares  each  and  forty  possess 
ten  shares  each.  The  price  per  share  of  stock  is  now  one  hundred  dol- 
lars. In  order  to  become  a  shareholder  in  the  corporation,  one  must 
puin3hase  a  minimun  of  ten  shares. 


"-■> 


t — 


v.. 


(^J 


II  A  2 


-  6  - 


POLISH 


Dzlennlk  Zwiazkowy,  Aug.  11,  1917. 

The  present  administration  of  the  corporation  consists  of:  Leonard 
Rutkowski,  president;  LI.  Zaworski,  vice-president;  Henrjr  Howak,  secre^ 
tary,  and  Sylvester  Wleklinski,  treasurer.  The  board  of  directors  in- 
cludes J*  A.  F.  Cichocki,  Peter  Iliedzwiedzki,  Theodore  Giese,  Joseph 
Kolbusz,  John  Gzaja,  Bernard  L.  I^aciejewski,  and  Joseph  Chmielewski. 


Pulaski  Hall,  located  on  Ashland  Avenue  near  Eighteenth  Street,  is  also 
the  property  of  the  Vfliite  3agle  Brewing  Conpany. 


In  the  opinion  of  the  firm's  president,  the  outlook  for  the  future  is 
very  good,  for  the  manufacture  of  beer  has  not  been  prohibited  because 
of  the  war.  Even  should  breweries  be  closed,  the  corporation  has  nothing 
to  fear,  for  it  would  find  an  immediate  buyer  in  3v/ift,  Morris  and  Com- 
pany. The  latter  company  would  like  to  acquire  the  property  in  order  to 
erect  a  few  buildings  necessary  to  the  expansion  of  the  stock  yards. 


cr 


The  brewery  occupies  a  total  area  of  sixty  thousand  square  feet.  As  we 


II  A  2 


-  7  - 


POLISH 


Dzieimik  Zwiazko\'yy,  Aug*  11,  1917. 


have  heard,  the  packing  company  offei^d  the  breiveiy  #2.50  per  square  foot, 
that  is,  ;^150,000  for  the  site  alone.  However,  the  Poles  are  not  even 
considering  selling  the  site. 

In  addition  to  the  above-described  Polish  brewery,  there  are  two  others  in 
Chicago,  which  proves  that  Polish  business  in  Chicago  is  progressing  in 
every  field. 


II  A  2 

I  C 
IV 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkowy,  July  28,  1917. 

D37EL0BSNT  OF  POLISH  INIKJSTRy  11^  CHICAGO 

Polish  Casket  Factory 

Th3  sole  Polish  casket  factory  in  the  United  States  is  located  in  the  three« 
story  bricy  building  at  1029  V/est  Chicago  Avenue.  The  large  letters  of  the 
sign  reading  "Standard  Coffin  and  Casket  Company"  can  be  seen  at  a  distance 
of  several  blocks 


3:' 


y/ith  the  desire  of  acquainting  the  readers  of  this  paper  with  this  sole 
Polish  enterprise  of  its  kind  in  America,  Dziennik  Zwiazkowy  sent  its  re- 
porter to  visit  the  factory  personally,  to  see  how  caskets  are  made  and  to 
obtain  details  of  the  firms  beginnings,  its  capital,  and  its  prospects  for 
the  future. 


CO 

'-a 


In  Existence  Fourteen  Years 


According  to  the  manager,  L.  7/olczynski,  the  firm  was  organized  in  1902  by 


p^ 


II 


I  G 
17 


_  o  _ 

^  t-rf  ■• 


P0LI6H 


Dziennil:  ^vjiazkov^y,  ^uly  28,  1917. 


Stanislaus  Ambrozewski ,  J.  l^clawski,  IJicholas  Lordel,  and  .t^thony  Ablamovdcz, 
all  enteri^rising  and  energetic  i-.en.     .1  year  later,  that  is,  in  1903,  it  v;as  in- 
coii^orated  under  the  laws  of  the  Jtate  of  Illinois  in  the  sura  of  .^25,000. 
Since  that  tii.ie,  the  firm  has  progressed  steadily,  doing  an  ever  increasing 
business  among  the  Teles  of  Chicago  and  in  outlying  Polish  coiiuiiunities. 

The  present  administration  of  the  fiiTn  consists  of:  J.  hagdziarz,  president: 
L.  .vojczynski,  vice-president  anc  nancger;  /.P.  hujav7ski,  secretarj^;  M. 
V/ojczynski,  assistarit  secretary,  and  J.N.  lIov;ic>i,  treasurer.  The  board  of 
directors  consists  of  tiiese  officers  and  Stanislaus  Anbrozewski.  The  finals 
salesrien  are  iknbrozev;ski  and  I-iaclav;ski.  Tlie  v;ell-cho3en  administration  vjorks 
together  harmoniously,  and  the  company  does  its  best  to  satisfy  all  customers 
by  the  swift  and  adequate  filling  of  orders  and  by  using  the  best  possible 
materials  at  the  lov/ost  possible  cost. 

Upon  entering  the  building,  the  visitor  first  enters  a  large  vestibule  v/hich 
opens  upon  the  office  and  shov/room.  Trie  showroom  contains  caskets  of  eve'ry 
description.  Starting  from  the  smallest  size,  they  are  larger  by  degrees 


0^5 

ho 


II  A  2 


-   6  - 


POLISH 


T" 


7 


Dzieuai-c  Zwiazko.r^,  July  133,  1917. 


uiitil  finally  one  sees  coffins  tjiat  are  v;ide  enou.^:li  and  lon;^  Gnou^h  to 
accoLiraodatc  the  bodies  of  the  tallest  and  broadest  people. 


Tiie  choice  of  casLets  is  varied.   There  are  richly  decorated  oaken  caskets, 
less  pretentious  caskets,  and  caskets  covered  v;ith  velvet  and  lined  vjith 
silk.   Tlie  :^anar,er  of  tne  fir:i  opened  a  door  to  another  roon  and  said,  "Here 
v;e  have  one  stock  of  crosses  of  ever^/  kind,  and  also  trimmings  for  caskets." 
He  displayed  several  kinds.   ::ver:/thinf';  is  beautiful,  made  oy   the  most  modern 
methols,  buu  nas  something  repellent  about  it,  something  that  reminds  one  of 
the  grave,  of  death.   Tlie  stoci:  roo:i,  in  v;hic:i  a  great  ruany  coffins  await 
their  tenants,  is  located  oii  tne  top  floor,  -^ery   person  v;ho  enters  this 
roo:;i  can  surely  find  a  casket  tuat  v;ould  suit  hi.,  admirably  after  death. 

The  third  floor  hums  v:ith  activity.  Some  of  the  v/orki.ien  cover  caskets  with 
velvet,  others  line  them  with  silk.  Girls  working  beside  thei.i  cut  tne  silk 
and  sew  the  linings,  using  machines  built  for  that  purpose.  j3ohind  them  is 
the  stock  of  silks. 


% — 

r — t 


II  A  2 
I  C 
IV 


-  4  - 


POLISH 


Dzieiinik  Zwiazkowy,  July  28,  1917. 


"In  these  packages,**  says  the  manager,  opening  a  few  of  them  and  displaying 
the  contents,  ^e   have  several  thousands  of  dollars  worth  of  silk.   It  is 
expensive  material.  In  case  of  fire,  our  insurance  company  would  have  to 
pay  out  a  considerable  sum." 


On  the  second  floor — more  coffins.  They  are  not  as  decorative  and  attractive 
as  the  finished  coffins,  but  wait  until  the  workers  finish  them!  They  can 
make  anything  beautiful.  They  cover  the  wooden  coffins  with  velvet  and  do  it 
so  skillfully  that  it  is  a  pleasure  to  watch  them.  The  wood  is  first  covered 
with  glue,  and  then  the  velvet  is  applied  so  fast  that  before  a  person  has 
time  to  note  the  whole  process,  the  already  beautiful  casket  is  set  aside, 
ready  to  be  sent  upstairs. 

"Here  again, *•  says  the  manager,  "is  our  stock  of  candles,  covering  materials, 
and  caskets  ready  for  delivery.  Those  that  you  see  wrapped  In  paper  are  the 
same  as  those  you  saw  downstairs  in  the  showroom." 


r' 


II  A  2 
I  C 
17 


-  5  - 


Dziennik  Zwiazkow^^  July  28,  1917 


POLISH 


The  greatest  activity,  however,  is  to  be  found  on  the  first  floor,  among  the 
cabinetiaakers.  The  lumber  passes  from  hand  to  hand,  from  machine  to  machine, 
is  glued  together  and  sanded  until  it  becomes  the  last  resting  place  for  a 
man — a  coffin.  The  wood-working  machinerj''  is  worthy  of  notice.  There  are 
hand  saws  and  planers,  as  well  as  machines  for  ornamental  work.  Still  other 
machines  are  to  be  found  in  the  basement,  next  to  the  stock  of  lumber.  Each 
machine  is  run  by  electricity,  the  cost  of  which,  according  to  the  manager, 
runs  into  more  than  a  hundred  dollars  per  month. 

After  visiting  all  parts  of  the  factory,  our  reporter  asked  Manager  IVbjczynski 
whether  his  firm  recieves  the  support  of  the  Poles.  Wojczynski  answered:   *^We 
cannot  complain  of  lack  of  support  from  the  Poles  and  Lithuanians.  Not  only 
hr,ve  we  the  support  of  Chicago's  Polonia,  but  of  Po Ionia  all  over  the  United 
States.  V/e  have  orders  from  Polish  undertakers  in  Jersey  City,  South  Bond, 
Buffalo,  Pittsburgh,  and  many  other  cities.  Only  the  undertakers  of  South 
Chicago  do  not  support  us  very  well.  They  do  business  with  other  firms;  de- 
spite that  fact,  they  cannot  gat  better  merchandise  than  we  offer.  They 


— 1 


II  A  2 
I  C 
IV 


-  6  - 


Dziennik  ZwiazJcowy,  July  28,  1917 


POLISH 


support  Jews  or  Germans,  seeming  hardly  to  realize  tliat  a  Polisli  firm  exists." 

It  is  indeed  unfortunate  that  such  a  condition  exists.  Polish  undertakers  of 
South  Chicago  and  Town  of  Lake  should  not  support  other  factories  when  a 
Polish  factory  can  supply  them  with  merchandise  that  is  just  as  good,  or  bet- 
ter, at  the  sarae  prices. 

Prejudice  against  everything  that  is  Polish  should — once  and  for  all — be 
eradicated  among  the  Poles.  It  should  become  a  habit  with  us  to  support 
Polish  enterprise. 

The  motto  'Tatronize  your  own  countrymen"  (Swoj  Do  Swego)  should  point  the 

way. 


II  A  2 
IV 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwiazkov/y,  July  25,  191? 


TO  Ti'j]  stockholdjir:;  of  ttct]  polish  lotion  firh:  iiisuRi^iTaiii  qoi^ lavi 


On  the  P.5rd  of  Aucust,  1915,  the  Insur^inca  Department  of  the  State  of  Illinois? 
approved  the  charter  of  the  Polish  Union  Fire  Insurance  Company  v;ith  a  reserve 
capital  of  one  million  dollars.  Accordin^j  to  the  law,  this  reserve  was  to  be 
accumulated  v/ithin  tv/o  years  of  the  approval  of  the  cliarter.  Since  the  tv/o- 
year  terra  is  nearly  ended,  and  v/e  have  accaaijilated  only  a  hundred  thousand 
dollars,  plu.?  Interest,  and  sinc-^  the  state  does  not  permit  reductlca  of  the 
resorve  fujid  before  the  company  bes^n«  to  operate,  we  are  forced  to  submit 
an  application  to  form  a  nev;  coiipany  under  a  different  name  and  with  a  smaller 
reserve  fund. 


-T3 


03 


ACtin.^;  upon  the  advice  of  the  superintoridsi'.t  of  the  Insurance  Department  of 
the  State  of  Illinois,  Itlr.  Potter,  we  have  submitted  an  application  for  a 
charter  under  the  neme  "Polonia  Fire  Insurance  Company,"  with  a  reserve 
capital  of  one  hundred  thousand  dollars*  This  nev/  name  seem^  to  us  even 


II  A  2 
IV 


-  2  - 


POLISH 


Dzlennlk  Zwlazkowy^  July  25,  1917 


better  than  the  first,  and  describes  our  aim  perfectly. 

The  incorporators  of  this  company  are  as  follows:  N.  L.  Piotroxvski,  J.  F. 
Smietanka,  federal  collector  of  internal  revenue,  F.  H.  Helinskl,  cashier  of 
the  North'.7entern  Trust  and  Savings  Bank,  the  Reverend  F.  V/ojtalewics,  Joseph 
liagdziarz,  treasurer  of  the  Polish  National  Alliance,  J*  S.  Konopa,  secretary 
of  the  Polish  Homan  Catholic  Union,  Paul  Dryioalski,  director  of  the  Home 
Bank  and  Trust  Company,  Joseph  Sadov/ski,  Albert  Novjak,  County  Commissioner, 
and  others. 

The  law  further  deinands  that  each  person  \vho  purchased  shares  in  the  Polish 
Union  Fire  Insurance  Company  give  his  written  periuission  tint  his  money  be 
transferred  to  the  new  company,  that  is,  the  Polonia  Fire  Insurance  Company. 
This  is  mandatory.  In  viev/  of  this  fact,  we  request  the  shareholders  to  sign, 
without  delay,  the  document  for  this  purpose  which  will  reach  them  through  the 
mail  or  through  one  of  the  coii5)any*s  agents.  When  this  formality  has  been 

attended  to,  a  meet  ins  o^  stockholders  will  be  held,  at  which  a  complete  report 


II  A  2 
IV 


-  3  - 


POLISH 


Dziennik  Zwlazko^Ty,  July  25,  1917  • 


of  the  trustees'  activities  will  be  given  and  a  board  of  directors  elected. 
The  coirtpany  will  then  be  organised  and  ready  to  begin  operatioiis.  The  sooner 
these  fonaalities  are  attended  to,  the  sooner  this  new  Polish  enterprise  will 
be  an  ace oirgjli shed  fact.  The  stocldiolders'  funds  are  safely  invested, 
according  to  the  requireioents  of  the  law,  in  bonds  and  in  real  estate  mortgages. 

On  this  occasion,  we  would  like  to  say  that  our  enemies,  to  whom  everything 
Polish  is  "salt  in  the  eye,*^  are  spreading  all  sorts  of  false  rumors  about  our 
company,  often  using  Polish  hirelings.  Pay  no  attention  to  these  lies.  V^ith 
the  good  will  of  our  countrymen,  we  shall  build  an  organisation  that  will  be 
the  pride  of  American  Polonia. 


ism 


-T3 


N.  L.  Piotrowski, 

F.  A.  Kwasigroch, 

J.  J.  Sadov;ski, 

The  Reverend  F.  VfojtaleiTics.