A Document Reviewing Sikh Militant Movement

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29 WJIh" 1986 5" UHcT oTH^t ^
trfeH3T^ ?JFt HUJelH 5T" y?5H¥7f
WTTT org- fe3"r I yr^ FTgT- ^ FTH-

fefrr»r s-wtjit H3" %^ ^'^^\w

s-grawRnl" 7^m Md-^iAdil Ffedti
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^ ™yut F^^TT w 'g>>i" ^^55" 3"

^ ¥3" ■feUT" 1 1 >>fflcr" TOT >Ht »133"
TT^fHoT, J^HWt, sfiHiyl 3 ^Kl"
^lyl-difd^ §", ufeW" ^^ fe[3" ^
IJIR" "S" fecT 1^ STf5" IW*" ^1^3- g-

Frnj?7 3" R^H" hofW era" fer 3" I

fell" feoT 337 T^ul" I fePT ^ fer T^fUH

w¥}"U"fTm"5"f5m"^3^>}WM3tr

iF^ g^W 5" 7775" Ut 5?" ^^^"-Wl"
3^1»f"3""^dd'rd4f"^rAddd 143^^
¥I"TTO1"&I -n^^RUtW d'or3+ 3 3?T3-
^ 3^3^ ?3" 3t" UTT, H >Hnj^
3TTlcfl" 3Tcf3" 3" ygfdlddl ? ^,
lL|^fdl<!:dl sJiyldird'^5"flH"ye'c<
m^, >H3" ofHt" ?13p" f^ ?t ^ 3
UHSt S" Ul" HWl>>rve els' H32" Ht ^

gjT >wf3>>ra" ora" 3tr UTTi ny-fus^

(pluralism) ^-H'^<Sd'(diveraty)3"
HfjiHlWd' ^ ^T^TT" >>ffl" fe3f
ddlAddl 3 3T7^ ?1" H'KH' f3"
fcdi'feoi 3U % 3rT^ ITUf ^ I
fyfddiH 5t>>r^U'di<^i fetjo(id>)ffl"
feu' aTHHoTH" fWl" S" I >)ffl^ HH F^ feU"

ng-fiw^et u^ # tfTFT 3ar "3

m

iJ5T^argg-"fcF&l

WqcT^TH^-

fS^ yofdlddl ^BHT ^t>Hi- ©HcTF 3"

afer I argrarr uwl" s" 5433" ti^^uH-

^ >HT^g^ fecTH 3- d'rlAldq!-
>>W^^H>Hr, fe^ FI3", ddcf'Klfi TOT

»ragcry3^>)WoiH-^'diH^l ^<fd»

U5" 5ref3>>fEt" (centralized) cj^^ytfl-

d'HHl-UH'HfAcJ ^T^ 5" ^W^{f
rTHU^I^ra' (formal democracy) 3"

fw H^Mnr ^^ ^TFt' I c<idldHl

u^orvr 5" fefl" fe^'dqidc<- d ' Hcsldof
Lf^s'^'ddl ^^gg3"RT^^3crn",

TTT3t>Hi-, >>f5Hfe3" 5ratfe»p-, »f#

fiftr §■ s^, ¥^ F ujc'Tdiddl
crafHcrd'ylid'rd»F"5-feT^?B"^te

f3?r etrfspjf" 3^ WU^ d'^IAldd

^q3"5^T^5y3 'g" FTgff St f?jg# I
>HTftf^>tr '^ >>fT5r ^^dTT

at^t^ ^<id1W" 5T FTOH^ oCSTP-
3'5tef3>>rFr^ffiTrg^^T^feFr 'iJtT

FFst cfrn^T^' HT^ff f graW 3"

ydt:JdMdl 5"tr3K^ fHaHF§UT»f

un? "3-. %i, m^^mm^f^

3Mfg>>r! fe^, SjidldH uw}"^

(S'^'irl'' f^ §3^ |5"' 3" ?gg" ^ TJW
HHH^ ^33" fepjf >H3" OHtJ'' >HHffl',
'HfJoT HW" ^■'W foldtl'd I433lf |U
'^>>f^§iTOra' U" feP>f"l fer ST7F"
fHF 3?ffe3t fnr >>fIFg- §■ 3i3t" ^T7
y^T 3funf I fFT", lTg3" »fe3" WK

feg^ 3 sw UF, ira" ^jfeg" >iw vras"
tr ^ fire" yAd<^'tJ e 37^77 ^
>HJtfe»r V Jjr- ^ fe ?K aat 3

? feH" HU"-fl3' ^UT ^ ^ftr^ HUB"
oiidIdH Uwt W ^

'q3K-f7^gi;y3T"' ?t- Cfe^ dddli

fewl" ^ ?ran", 31" fS5^ UFTll" S"
.f33t PTTT >>R[^i" c?t^ gHTT ftWF I

§R^ 'traH-feauy3^?gErar?r?rat

^^ fe»r" I f% fesgy^ ? 3?V7 5"
MHj^ n? aw!" Hs^gi" khI" ^3^5
^ yiJ<sld ?7f«", fn^, fiw ^ s"

fyiddi dPtJl HfeR-yrJ^ld 3"%-?f^
^3& ^ fW ^ RTUH^, >}flfSl- MTS"

3HP?r5"ydo;did gtf^gl' ttd i ^l g^
crarr fe>}f" y^ crt3Ti d-^'fydl
>m^ wlcJdrHLT ^t>>r ^tP" HHHinr-

(iiiherenf) Emwl>H+ 3" FftvF^i" F

aKgtfeTrrijrddiHoi' Rg-gT OAd i d
3gr^ w^ §Fi- w §u^ s" 1^
fea|ry3"? fea'u? §3 yua" ?^ra"

^5B5-cra-fe3^i

6i'dldHl TFoOr 5t ftf^

ara^ f^ ?d"3'd" ^ ys", §U7?- s"

HfiraftU'3THl"l'FIUj-l|fd<^id'??r*-77Tff

^K HU3" hI- (3" S' ) I §UFi" F ferr

fegf fei' S" fUf ^ 5" ^ fufiwr
^ fdJH'Jl ^3\W fHfe>>ri 5'dldH

vTB^t ^ ynfora- fei nt" fe- ©u- fiw
an IJ3!" 3i" ?TT ^ ^ feg^" w >>fa[s^

(inherent) 5r>fg"Efrn+ 3
aK ^ fETT ryfdd'HcJ S3

fe^fy^ e feet 5f ^

Hwf?, Fen g" fHU nt
i'33t ^ e^ yirtH«l
d-^ilydi e^ #^ gwF Era"

?'?H H- fsrsr 'fiff
wHt 3^ 3" I mftT?^

U^W §^ fMWt dd'dl
cTgraH UWl" ^ H^7

WHW'-^' Few st^h^

©J, gS", fScT ^ feST

^g^^3lf3'5tK3"3"HH§dl Ht!o(',
§3", fFT l^ 'FPy Vfe^i^ fifeT ^q^

fegf g^Ft>>n" >H¥fe>>r^ ^ Fit era"

HSret I §H^ for HHfsW 3" ffW

w Adld' fen fe?fe»rfe'§u'^

U'H^lufe»f fe^'fST^HK'UfS'fdliJl

^ fH OdiJ ' -hit 3" Ad'tidil ^ Hff g
?5Ft I V yFT ^ fHTT ST f"4H'K
HSH' W^ UT7J3- ^ c^idldH Lra^t
Ht>K*'H:?<"5' afest 3"feg^H3T ^
tj^^^jtt fW TToT fe^T I f^ra",
HHi'H'^'tll tV ^ FFt 31^ ^gW tTT^"
H^cT >)fgg? fed'H ^ 'Afo^-^it/l
WWE' U^" # UJ3 g^tnf*" 35" fePH^ I
c/'dldHl >H^HpJr FrUH3"U3' MWl"

d'^'fedl »r3gor ?r!Ht ?r# fe^r

33'-fe^i ddcS tfe^a^^yl tl'd'
SUt ift 3fij feT»r- 1 'Sftra^^ HT^75"

Ft H351" ^ §" fu-gvts" 5:277 era"

H^ '>HdtltJ'd' (mariiet ecaiomy)S"

fHxr3' 7^ f'lGm 3^ fe3T 1 g^rfte'

Qe'dlofdrt^eoxiomic liberalization) ^i"

i|3ran4 H^H3^ fmj- ^ cr7^^3^

nfy^>fc!o(l Adl-H (Ic^cal oaidusion)

'3 U3^ f3P>r I ferr 7n^ oraidH

UT3el"^d<^irydl HH^^oT ^331^, WTTT
5(3^ HTIKH 3 3T3k 3?ra" ?T 5fe>>r"
yfe>HT V0 ^ W3r 3 f3P3f >H3"§3<^
^ ci'dIdH VWtf S?3T3t >H??f%^
a[fu fe3t I ferr FfH# Uf^^-^TH S"

tdd'fb[>>r*" ^ s^ (Tw 3^ cfg^

35+ fe>>r' Hfe>)f" I

cj i d i dH iP3?t gt fe? g3gT;r

f3f oldd<^iidl d'cJdi ?5Ft" -^ddiA
H3^ H3^ U"! f;7 ?t>>r ??fiI3*" fen
3TTrT# ¥7?T>>f §3" fz^^Ni- FTTg"

^ifh>r tF HcreW" 35"! or^s"

H3- 3" 3t-, 3'33- §■ fear 'fi5f 3*03^

feirfer "g" f3>HT3^>F fe^ g^^T"
3hI>h*" U(T I >mj^ wft uTH^ ?^T7f ^

tei", ^ dtj'tj fed lj3to cr33
V^ c?3^ >H3" ^ feMOit iiw4\'
H^^tJoi 3^cra- Qhi3 77 fWl/feTT'
3|-3tft H.^ttd i 3^Hgcra-f^3gJ-3l
RHM-^'tJl lf3tq'§"frwtaf3^USW

nf3 oraraJT Lr33l" ^W 1h^*3^ ff5+

e ^ti^" W^S" STfT, ftfe o(<id<^it!l
d ' oicj i g^Wg^ 93^ H'id.dl'd
ff? f3>>r3' 3 31^1" 3" I ofidIdH VWt

eRor3 3"fy3^ PTTff §3?r Etnr

§Htei" 3 KittHi'^' fer Hre3"?3^
§5>}r 3?^ fe", f3", 3^, feoT ^ feS"
FTfe>}f- oft§- fei", ^ ^# 5" 3W3"

'3' fe3nH^ 3? khI" Pyoy tt 3

33^^3771

fed ' dU i dd 3- B'BHfecr £f33T, f3f
H3" 5" 3t" W^S W fecT >r33 H^^hI
3-Hfeorn3KHS3T,felW^|r '313^
3" 'g^Hf TWHtJdH'd, fR5->MTU^
3HW^Htr^-rAH'A' yi'Oi'; fw
II3H" HH3" W 3^HB"^H33g"
UgT^ I" rraW, §3;^ I" f3f H3"
? Ut" i?- nfefF ^ W cI3AT, W
fef'/fJJf-HHr^ldT ^ y53-HdiHldl
F H^Ie" ¥^33' »>fe3 f3f n3H ^
g^3t-3f33" HT^U^ (autiiority) 3"
>Xt^Mt!idl TWH3 Qr3^ 3" I

f<^d 'i gx r 3cf -tJ'aHrAc< irH# s"

dMtSTiTof frrfe^T" (political
implications) S" HH¥^t 3 fe*^ ^
d l Jldd' f-U ^ i dA ' 933-^^3^31
533 feoT : fer 1133^ F33'"»fe3 %
t]3K 3r fe5+ 33- feH" ^ q3K et >>f^
3 Hddd 3^ 5" ydtJ'Hd oTH^ f'
fe<So('d1 3 I feTT Hd'yoi 3i3-fijf
ir3fH5r s^'aldifd^JT ^ rT 3r H^HTT
TJ^ofdA* cT^ ^3^ d'Jl'€'' 3 ^JlH t?"
fe3^^ §■ ¥^33^ 3^ H^tra" qcT %^

w

^^dfraw, HTO-, tort 3- f^ ^

3" Hfdccd ^ ^^ >}feg- 'sfe- cT^

^3^ STF 3" g^orf- s^»raHT# t fug-
?rgT 5- : g^TTH^ cg i tJ pT feu-

f'^^'dU'dcT-SidHrAcr ir3^ gr^B"
Ft 0^ 3" HfecT g-dtd'Hd ^^?7 3"

WH^^T^ FTfe>>iit(idcr gcfr fw

?r^ feg, grg^ 5|- RHUt ;T?i3^ fi-
3'o(d'- ^ W cTF Ht^fti" ^H" 5^33- ^
Hf¥»rF'Sor t^-H-^Aar- (cultural
dJ vei-sit\' ) Ft OT?' HS^-^fest U WW
3i- fePfS- §J, R 3313- tFFt>KJ- UI7 ,

§Fr "f^u??"?!" ^T^t mh?53' tra" ^ir
feF ct3^' Fi" F^^nfe m^n ^

(assuiiilatory diaracter) 3" ^FTT Ft

?rst F" fej vR??i- |u ira^TT^ ?^ I

"?^3^ f%F >HAc(d'"' (diva-sity in
iniitN') F^ pr ei)Hl<^'t/t FiofTW >M^ ff
M'F^FI ?^ feu^ SF FI3F*" gr^
FUH?^^ Ft fe, W^-UT§-fe rt ' H.<^1 ,
Ut 3UVTO" PFt &■ I IJ3" >Hnj^ mft^T^

F%>}r fer »{Fi3^T^ ( uiiitanan ) 5^",

^'as' F >H?5gr >hkht itoIh^, ^WFt

3" RfejJfiFTgoT 3T^tFl3»r' ??et t(3i'
Ft l4?t ^ SUt, le^ Fi" ?f5" «3cn@Fr

tl fHH IfHF F Hmjtf, fe d A '

^idl^d'fd'jr nfFT nfOf^ fF3T Ft

H7?TH3t lf3t fur Hdci'a (concern)
QF"&1gui"5"[ F'g3"F>>i3">>S"FW

>HFB" dddiyt g^- 5ut»r" fe?pcrfet

^'■^d' (r^onal forces) felT HBcTB"
Ft>>r'l43torus-l »^3'>^f3■%SUftF^>^^■

'FrfWid'do; g- rt'^ ' dl^ ' 5"

H7^ ^T^ fETT ffTTft U /idddl f,

fywocyl 3Tor3+ u^ c^T? f%tii §•

g^3tnfi- F^ FTUH^ cra^ u feF g- 1

(assert) ^^fm^T^HF 3" H^F,
Ffef >ife7, F^U3" F U3" ^^ gW"

'■HFB' ^ ?^ ?r^ ^\w m^^TP^
Oft- & 3Ft>>F u?r I ^^^-^

'yHoT' gW >}feg- ^, gr^JH^^T^ Ft>Hi"

Mdlo( dio(d' Mn4st^tratHfg'>rF'Bcr
v^T^ F Fcrt ajFT^ F^[
H^FHS^-^ H^mfenfj- few >wraF^
3? g^ gFt>Hi" fydcs-i" fett'ccyt ^'cra*"
Ft #5^3- ^ >r3" 3 ^fe>>rFt ^T?"

^^■^T f37r: H;TgrHA<^iF F^" felT
fe^idLI'dof- ^fdHpAd U3^ grgg- ^
H^ >HFT m^i&^ HT^cfi- U3t, tm"
^-?# JJifc^Hd'A ftf^T^ ?7S73- ^
FHH^t Ft>>r- FT^?r^ §■ U??iBJ|- ^

»# FH" ¥3- >HFg' H'-^A-^'F Ft sfoB-
f^W, UJ^rdlddlnfT §3 tjfdMd §■
^fUH3" Ft sret irt^" Ft dcT^ RF

3 ufeast §■ 3fr Iff^ Fi fet 33- fe-

^^ cffeotT HF¥t 1FF^33T >jIF3"

fegf F§s" 13^1^ F mrjTr Hssr
^fearfeuTTi ujz fdiidl ijT^fHor
^^HtFTfenr w tu?- ^ggr >3fe3Ht>Ht

ffHFHt 3" fyAH'S- UHF 3^3+ 5"

frra" §■ gfeitr fer

'M'^^'' 3- ^'■e')■
{ unitarian ) 9W, gig?
# wrar >H7rai

§'Fte'f3>>r ?ret tra^
5t uj?t gt suf , yst

ferr y3¥ ^ hsw,

>jfeg" >>rv^ fuH*" el"

iracrg { concern } U^
gfetF^-i I

gfe>Hr 3few or feF
3"! fetT ftre" HVTtT

jjfeg >>rfe>Hr ^y| d Id-
ysf'fed fed I'd ?«ff

53B3- cfer tTi- IR I

( social stratification )
w fsn HHyyt ^ra""

^H^y^^ fe\jo('d
TOT cralH^ yfeddd'

fHK^ I

>>rfrnJWi" sihI-^i^I or^gl^ ^

gg^KB" 3" fe^^ 7^^ fetlJ cfH<^
fife- feacTl^^d'oic!'

■^rt d i dd >Hg?^'Ml dMc<ifeHcra7r

?5Ht HH^ fUf HVfrT ^ fe g? cra?r

ufd-^'d' ^t'jr' >H3- >HF ?^f^t*>r" fen

oTHTT fe^ HddldHt J^T?" ^Z^}fi"
HT^'-VTHt X|d<i'rtl fW HHTrT ^

urar- ojd i' dd ' 3^ 3t H^T^ SS3
ir §3^-033^" t;^ 35H3" cfeT fF

Fra" I HVFtft t!dH'-t^ (social
stratificatirai) 5^ fer HHyyl ^^^

§fe»fF & 1 foTH" irafvra' SHH5" ^

H^yHT f-iijcjid nffrra" ii^-H^

Udtj i AddtS ^>Hf^fH H'M^(Sl' >r-

5" 37 fefr iraK i^^" ^ i>w^ I

d'ddl HK^TT >>fe3 H^^ #
»W3tH'^dAH'dl*>r^3q3'ydc<d'a
a^t&l ^ F lUTF^ ;^^ fe^sl"

Ut? fd l <g3 t3^gtJ'<^^ feOAi '^^
tr^i"' ^ FTVrfiT^, d'lHAldd 3
UHmfeoT fe?*" WB" >Hai3t VraKB'

>>raH' 5?T^ ¥^33" 5" >H'ggor, HHTfe"
3"Hfe»f^^gor ie^ 'iW ^TU^^Mi"
>HftlK HTOfehf" ^ 5^ >>ffTTUtn{i-
HHTtft d'cidi §■ WW" I" g??" 3"
§dH'd VWt>>r oTB" fen^ t fe"

H<^d(SHid1>}r ^ gw 3 >}f?R5^

ora77"ij"'fgui"3 I

HUlAlofdA" 3" 5^ ^ y^t 5" t?Wid
'3 fe3?3 ^33F 5t tfteS" WJl" >>fe3
>HfeKdytJlttlH">H*^3'l>HidMo( tJH'

31 wsw3t, '?^y3f ?77r§Jf

?1- 3^ '>M ^Wfi" d'o^di' ^
3f3H'-craK % pAd^d' 3 9" 3f3 ^
31 MOf^" f33i' Ht" 3^ FS^I" K^>ra?
33^, fe^ ?g3F ^t- >HiHdtJl K3-

g^ 3TBt 3 1 ferr ?rTW fe?7 ^ggp- €t

gr^mt HS"-p", 3TcT3" 3 y3T3" W?

■#>{*■

3 nrgfecT 33JS^ ^ fey ^331
3^3'§HafF5"^^UK'di fe3^3l
fe3" ^3HT, fe»r^ 333", 'laS^tMi^
W '^Bf^PJfTit'H^ (intemiediatory)
TTT3+ 7P-R HHUd 377 I 33 fcj
H-^dtS-tFH^JT ^ §3^ # HMH

y^T^- 33^ 3 Otter §3 gtys" 75^
3T# STif 3^ I f<7 *>te3", >)ru^
3W3" 5" f3H^ 7^75" H3^ *? '>FU3t
H^^T fijTF <#5)iO<t Ht 3^ 3"
337731- tTWJHtt I 'VBH" "^dd'd','
fm^¥^33' ^ d^HAtdl ^HHUt"
fe>}fcI3^ 3t g^H 1 3y fe3t 3, W
33- '3rfV3 fe»r7ffnF 3T153* ^
l kJ i -^ i d 3lfeTT<^ddid^g'3HgW^
dMcT ^^HTTlVFtT #feor B^ oT^H"
^!np- H3T^ #3 3T? HT3 ^3 fe3l'
&IFIV# fd^ HVTH >H53 dd'd* TTO^
ct 13HU^ >>r f33^ rT^-U^ ^ fe3
J^rgg-, 33, gW3^T^ dio(d' ^
ffl3I3 5T tHB" 3 fegf3>>F 3 1

(concomitam) fecT 33 >Mf3K few^i'd,
^^33' F 5fe3" ^33T ^ KSt tF 331"
3TtT?<t3^ >H3T3^ 3 I Hm f33
oi'dIdH V^^ 'f? Ira*' g3 3fo3

'Hyfe»Mcft3l'S"i ggFgl">>i iJlcSdfl ,
ftiecjf trait t, ^ gr^mi-^itdl

cJ'didH uwt" F tT^->jrTjra >>re?
^ Hurt s^ tq- I fe^ ^ ftjH

yiMl-^iiJt %S^ §■ ^ >>fflgUTg- 5^
fe§3T, for c^ H?t^ S", fH^t- '^

5" F3" J" ?5# ;fe^ vfB" atr for g?¥y3"

9?^ §" tft >)rfe>>F ^fer 55^ g- 1

^^^-^dl<idW ?5^ R^nj- HTg3- g^

?i- yordiddl ^ Hfrag- yf ^177, ft
H^33a", ydrdiAdl qrafwcT ^b^t f

5fe>HT ufE>>f U-| 1947 3" ff ^ gs"
3^ ^i^H >>t53" tIHUt!>>ra" U TTT 35"

<^ddifd»Hr JJf? 3^3" >)fe^ HTT ^H

3tr §5" ^P^ dif'Si" €■ m^^^w^

H?^^'ddldM^.dAido('dl3^^3-
3" mragr j ygr y^ ^ Hjy^ ^ g-

1947 3" ¥T>n^ 5x^3- >>f5g-
>HT3Hcr 3" UT^mt" 3Tor3" e- ^f5ttc?H?7

*3"§Hf3>H^>HdH\J'<f, QVd1c(dA"?tW'

3'c(d+ 5" fi^%ra" >HT^gcr >HTirg-
braHl>}rcra^ rfl" 1 uf 5^»^Hgc^■
fe^^ 5" Jm H^irB- §■ fH?5l' agwH?

d'Hcd ^^t??" 3" >>frl'dt"dl' ^ traj^
M^ Ho('y« (free competition) 3"
f5# ^^K" (liberalisation) ^ W^K^
UH^wQ'^u- 1 for 77W d tJdlt/g TT

ci'tldlddA 5t^ dio(d' ^ Ogi- 35^

i?Ht?r fyHoTsl' m fr m^t u' [ wg^sr

3" fenl" HTHfe>)F feB" lHK'fe'3"
WW 53S" ^ HHU^ >>fHH" fe^^5fe3"
(decentralize) 3" fer U"! feb(Vd1c/d<7
§■ feJT 3?T^ |- g^ yST ^^ ^ FI5f^^

ci't:' dlofdA Ht>H*" H^Ht B^o[3^ ^'^H

3w}--ywiHrAcj y33">J?5a-
^'dldH U^ ^^Jdlc^dA" Ul" W ^oT

tTAdcj >HTirT^ >H3"nri?T5t mw^

?^ STtTF ^W (prestige) ^
y^Hd, fej irwt^ THft>>FF|-
5^d ' 6H ' Jl (centralized governance)
?^ d iddlcT FE" (tool) TTO3" UHt' I W^

fe" fei FF? g? I^T 3" PTcrn^ ^ fepHT

g'UH.i'^itjl d'oid^feuagg a d ' ddl
w?3^ tfg^ t Hu^ ?5Ht cr3?JHte

tTS" I Htl§3" ^IW 3" Hfe? HdeTB" 75?)"

Hi?f3- ^"efenrct i^get ^h3-3"

>MfeHt>>f3" §3" W f^IWi" tifsw,
FWt fl?;3^ VWt" §■ feH" ^ 375"

HcT HF^ hI" gedd s" gws^T^

3^crai- 5t>>F >>TO^ §§■ 5^ yi^
fe3^fe3T& M3"foTc?H3-5-yfe»r
oTTO" ?5Ft §(^ H?" ofT 5^ "H ff^

5" fiaeaft" H3" 5^ FP>r?5' H3T^ ;53S"

HH% filf HHHT S" feoT g^

li

~s

I

fe^r tW 5^ ^'dd1

t? fFfe>ir &fe^,
feF ?r#- tfT BT>

S^W^ WcT HFT
Ft ¥^3"? S"
^f^TH^'^'^l 3Tor3''
5t>KT WH^^ ^t
S^T IT^ feafoT fe3^

^ u? fen omg s"

3^33" >)feg- 'feoT IJWt" 5" 3^ H fe?r

Uofte 'fHWdJ^i frao!'<r' (coalition
governments) S" TOT 5t>)f" ^c^mr

W'^B' W d'tHHt-HH'HftSci McTHTT
JTHHt ^TT-Ufe" U^ ^K" ■^Qdl" I
ftjgfFfebtJ'H ydH'Qti' ttfe'l^^H'

^T^ TF^ ^J^ I >>raWT3" %^ H

for w sfipHi", 3W ^ y5Htrfe>irH)"
5^^^•H5etd|Q^di gr fen tS<^T ?wft

iFW3" W 'W, aU3" Ut" gg" I (it is fine)

;=db3r g»farT3" craTTT wte^ u" i
^ PTF itfH" 3"5HH3t ^ Hw, fnyl"

§fe>Jf€l" ftWHcT ^y^ 3" few ?r i
>Hnj3 ^ rSfddd 3" ojtdddl" H?T>>f
(dthos) WyTHFFuq-, fU5"HH^S^

feFT^ fyfddiHo; »f53^ # crei",
feH§" 'fuf Htr w^ 7?^ fey" |u 'a"

m Ha^ crfe Rf- flF g^Trt^t fe",

(dstinct identity) feHtdt >H'iH'e'ft'
3^t>H3 H ferre" H^HJWtTT" fHTTTT 5"

iH^^ ofg?r 3" ydt^'Wd cra^ KHt
3-tf3KofH?r tsgrfer u'lH^^H'

5^ y!^ H5^ fejf & I %^ ^ 3Wt3cr

H3Tr 3 >J{HEr HITO' (partial issues)
^5^ 3U" U^ (3" §S^ dfdidl) fe^

HafF HHff OwyQ HMy? aftr h^h

TTTT IfTSFT ^]g■ F '?HTg^ 5T >H3H

ye" ' 3" Ut- a^ 7 1 fe^ ftUHTHT olf^^

fcITT fer fHS" felT |U fe^ ^^IhF,
fen^ feiji' cTHt Utfi" (factors)

F OT" S" I Ffg" §" »ffuK utr, fw ^

>H53"IF3fHori"3Ttml -ddA' cS'« rfri

>}ftret F ;rag" ^ & 1 nrn^^
wraopat ■§■ ^|fy3Wi" §■ fed a 'fed

3U '^ IHT^3" oTBHF I ft^ ^FFf, feM

fqg- (d'ddl ancTHT) ^ fen hhs" i^
iiw gr d<^1y 't ^ Br?t §5" ywra"

& ftr 3)-n3# UJ3^-^ (international
devdqjmaits) sfl" glf >Hyf3»M ^H^

iHT^H" era? a?r I

^^^\W era" ^ fefelFTTfeH

W3' 5HH^ >Hgr^ rP" 5?^ »(fe>Hi'
?J^ ft^^5^ I fe^ HJfetPT 3"ffiraT3t

^T>Hfe»r" ^9^ ^ s^ IhtshI' I rf fe

H3T3- (entreaty) ?^, 3^ '^ H^ ^t
?^ I >>raT^ yfFt ^ f" Wf 3 oTSTT

5- 1 fer ^SHf^ F^ u^pfff cra^ ?^

^ §">HcrTra' 3H¥T^ ^W SoF '

3" 3?^ 3'gHt" fe»r" sfoTnr 'ir ^

"t §^ ^ ^ U" 5" fe^ff HoT^ &,
fHddl , HS" 3" ufUT^I" aw, '>R[5T HH"
l4S'<*tJl U%, r^lddt >>FV3" UoT 3
fU3i" W Fra3 U%, ftmS" »n(^ 3K"
3" §3" 5t >H3 e^r 3" tlHH^ ^ f#
V^T^ U%, >H3" frrFT^" ?HH^ 7^^

B^s-^dMcslddnFttfre-uti

felT ytr 3 ^ftPHi" fw ^ ^
of^ tF iraet I WcT fl[^ >H3Fr 53T?7

SH>jrF*- s" s/'ddl ^Ton-fT fyTFg"

HUjgHfe^ddyitSl 3'HgHHr3l"^l>>F
y ' HHtjl d-^'fed* ?l" weH3'3T^

^

FT ira^^ fe- fny ug- F ^ ftm- >>w
'feras" eft ^tn' ^ H^ udd'^ US'

^Hfepiri^H^ g^as" ik ^ ^ Rjfr wr
WM^ fRtraef ^«lfe>»r g% y^ 3^

(illusions) ^ ftlcrg- u;^ IWi^fea^-

^B'auttlfwydA' Q3"iWfHITf3cr

3" ddtnlJl ST^iT ^fsw .^^nv ^ \
M^RF 3^ H^ iHtf HUaH" c^ ^

FTJt feHT >>firi3>}r9' era" Hcf^ Sr, 3
forfB^T" PTirfi fWtr KTri" »iw

3fe'-5?-3fe" ^ fm VK" fr fHU ' dcf
fHfV>Jr 3 fe-^"dqMcr rl^tffd g ?
3gT3H^ ;yff Sra" ^ ^ ?PU^ Cfer

&I 3wt" flUTW3" few g3t^ ^t>}r
tiJtJ'd" yfuHi- trag^" ejhtjW- OsW"

?ri feu' 55" crt3' 5ti3" fw %^■ ^ Mflcfi-
5HT f^ tFi" ^-uyt mjT^ ?Ti"

fefdO'RoT 3i33HT *JdH'Q t?" t
fe" >Hft# fty^" Hfenp- §3" ^ ^>>fr

fTJUFlF nfcTW Mnj^ HtlhM ¥3HT
§3 Ui" fecret>Kr TO" I felT ?33T feg-,
W 33" ^, oTOtF- ^6l-^drH<;1» f" ^

>Kftp>fnra", fe^^T?r, tTfl", ^ofte",

'Jddd'd, fel?i1>Ha", 5Tc?3^, fev^

H^ UK" I fef U%>Hi"-fefy>>r" ^3HT
Ut d ftTfT ^75" glB" 5T" fep>FS"
^33H^ ^ Wt" 3" 3fer 5t 5r75UST

ust ui w fen s" fiiif ^ ^ ^^

t fe" >}ffl5r ^ yulrflWl ^3UT HK

eI" feiT H3I 3 ^ fg- ygT j^uf §33"
Rfe>>r I

Fra" W ?)■ UST^ 3" U5" §■ Hf HHHi"

y^ ufe>)r r# 3t fmf f'^tJ-^ ' A' r-

(scholars ) 3" §iJtiq1^>HT(intdlecluals)
S" Hc?7 fI" §IT U3t H^ ir^lMoT,
>Hcr5ftior, RHT^, Hfe>Hi^idcr 3"
3T;¥fl" feu >>feH' 1U3" Ut" B»7^5^ i"
^^y^ i^dltJ'A irfe>HT" hI"! §u;^
¥nTHA«^i^ f%Uq" fe^ ' dll ' doT
?I^-tiiu5' >>i?u H fenfcfg- 3"if3KT
fevife>jr", §R ^3" ^ Hfen ul" ]gyu

^U Hc?^ Ul 0JAT 5W5^^ 3"
3TUHfe" fetJidiJidi fetJo(id pe^^hfi"

Q-u^t>>r i^y^" ^W' j^cftgt ^h3"

fwfbir >H3- fwu HHcCd ^ 53"

y?^ US' >>fn;ffl" if^T^ uPHi" 3^

fWtit 5"fe#^ 33" 3"FIfU g"H3"

Hgn^ sfei" I >}nr fw ;t?;^t" J

feW-HRoP3" B" VfU >MFIUr 3" y3fU>>fi"
y3t" tTUracT cTHS" HUl" §U?ri" »fS5r
ut FrURt'>r' ftr^ff- (educative)Hfuvr"

TTute" crt3l>}r i fe©", fntfl- feuq- Rq-

WH^¥^ >>rut>}f" HHTFft UH" 5^
HS7^3^ ySqoT yu fe fe3^ feT>5f I

ferret 3W^ fe^, fWyt H"
?3VH">}ffl3" H^^ m fm wj \ ^'i\

?UUr, oTT!" frf??T^, TT" fnaig" Ui"-Wt
ffHoT" fc^'O? 'U »<HHB¥ fer U,
HUf feHF §5" fufTT>>r" UT" 3ff gU3" ul"

5Hy3^ u f?7wfe>)r u I ferg- ferr ^3UT

^ UBHfe" f%UTg^^ ^ yg% ^jfg>j^

0;3" fe^ fere" gy fun uruHfs"

UWNi- g^^M" (reserve forces) W

fefdj'H fen gfff ^

3" HfH y'dl ?fnHfe7»F
fie^ W3»3' (entreaty)

Kufi>*n3TW7yel"^
^ ^ ^ cre^ Huran

0^ ^ I fer ^STffst"

tH^S" WoTHa" d«<^'d'
d'HAldof nT?1' 3" tT^

uti

f!*- ** g

WtfT n ^3irs

fqttTteT 5H3T,

WW3¥ fer 3",
ftrfTr»»r ^r tf?

fen ?^3T ^
r^TH cfrarKtH

(reserve forces)

¥ftror ka^<*j #

§■ ^T^ & feg# i fet fen ^33T ^

IWHH^f fuidl^'tdl UtJidtl^itil

ifl", l(§" fet feH# ^ fUH W

W^ fs" I ^i^ UHB" feurfg>{Ft
Ht3>}f^^ H^^fFra'SPT fenfyoT ^

31t?fe>>f & fcT fiw yUltflWl ^337 ^

3or#fuFfeiT fetf^ fe^ aiff 3Tff

S^d^Wyicil FHt!irJ'd<:^ ^^fSoTim
S" ttdl^dl fdW't^fil 5" H^ft USt^"]

i" 1wfl" Tfl^^ Tl^ ^^JT ?fet OT" ^
AHidd ^ 3cr hHtB" # 3fo

3" cJd^'Oil, Wftra- HdidMl'Jr ^
hI^a H^ W 75g^ ^fe^ &fH>jr

1 1 fe>HiAdi="dl, fAMoCK H^ 3"

o(dyiAl ^ traf wtvrat, udfettl 3-

5§y^ (meakness) ^ ^ TSHt" d" I fetT
HHt ^jfe>>P§3" (sdf-promotion) 3"
fetT §" BHocOi {self- ^orificaticn)
HI" H3iT ^ ¥5^ H^ |U niyfejJM era"
fe>}r 3" 1 33 31T 'g", ^c^" fer oritr

fe>Jr rTT% fe" gij A'AcT >>fHfr ^

3" ¥11 fuTT fw yiiltfl-^l ^ggr ^

lFfe»>F &, Hi" fei7, felT ¥33T HW

^¥TMH3tu#afl-|

feTT f fWy yulrfl-^l ¥33r

few H^ foTH ^'"^AidfHcT 'W U^
H33^»fHffoT^HHT ^tW^^m

TTe ^ira" s^g? "gs" rr% 3** ^ fe^

'ifer^ 3" ^ fw ^ ^ 9^ |r arfirai"
3^ i^'^d ST ora" au" Sf, 3*" fe^

|r HfoW ^ <ra3-->HUT^ cfeT tTT

HWW >>r tr#, ^ foTH" S7 tF
feni'fed H«l 5«1 ddji AdT^fiTiTOt'l

fbfiw*" feBtr ^ fe^ §3^3" l?r §■
d'dltJi &I fei- feg' fm w Ht CT"

>HHdtJ'd @ir>H SUf 3t3T tP^, Q?^

fe? fftf an >>fii^ FH? §■ yafdH' ^

tt'dAd 3"g3S??5Uf JHo(5tl»HftWt

Hfeg^ifddtJ fefw fw fej tPfe^
»ffH5^ sPt It for §j an 5"§h^^

'H^'J# 'feraS" 0^313'% yET-fla"

fetJidU'do; d^fdti w few ivPH
53-|fiw Htttrri^ ¥B3r ? t^r^

fijfH>MT, fwu# fW3or >HftPHW3T

?r Ffe^ fAdywd' ST^F

fgW-HHcJ'd ^>HW 35" w5fU?7,
f FTTl" feU" feH3" tSHl" U" ■fer, §3,
'55" yg" few 33" 3tT ^ fe3" lJ3FTOt
H^ltr' ^ 313-fHfy>HT §ff ij3ST ff? 3H"
»fnjT-HCr3 (sdf-reformation) H ?^
t|? ^ Sfesr UHWT 53?5- W >H5r?5"

ysv ^ girat tfira" nH3gT 51" 5^

^■fHtr W et ^^^ ofW FFHt RUI3IT
S'HtfW'Gi S^H^'dl 3'yHt>Hi"d'HK
qf3F I

ftw dMAldl Cl" }f3^ fOT

Iraqi" fe^ig^ qgr §5" 593"

IhH" dMAldl ^ HT33T-fe:r-
hM ^3^ of3?r t' ufeFT fcr ^

gu3 i;ra3t' t fe" >>fTff ^ fenr^ 1^

3tt, fen >Hf3" H33¥yg^ H5" W feK

ET

ww^ kw l^S^ -oRf?^ w^^njw
3H3t 5" Hg |- UoM an feg- HfoBFT

^ era" fcr Ht"i fiF fntr ^»fn^

d'HAldoj TTBT ## W (Tftif
U?rat HF^ 533^- F IT?T^ 03-

S"'^iddl ^FSHi"^ for gists' 5" 'fiw-

?5H1" eiR" ^ tf lljS' d'ddl H^?" ^

fntr 5- H^ Hea- fe^ >)faf^ Iot^

I43t- |l^, §^ §HgT S-»fBt 37 3"
HT7^3T ?^ ^ yjjfewt ^ fetM- 1

t^A-^dl 1986 fW iTf^H ^ fW

TiH*^ 3k ¥rfen3T^ ^ Hgr ^ av
fee- fefeim >)fe7 u#ff ora- 3th!" [ frr

^ 33T swl^ w H yaii'-^i cfeT^
fgr ferr fers" hI" FRgor3T ^ wt
^cra^r tigTg3'i^ g d<li/l^ g-

st fe©" ^cfI" usi" t, uwfe" giddl

fe^iw §3" crmr ifwl" ^ >>i^w
fw^Ttar >H3"fw*"5'yraTf%^Hi-
fSM'is Q3 ccrmafug^ h ^siI fardd ' Ho<'

fe^ H^ traK §■ ir^ TO^HEt feHH^
H^ f?H >Hftre' (coveneat) ^ U^

ye'^tJ' &"[ IB" feiT jcjioid ^>Hir

JHtT H53? (context} >H^ d'W'd SSff

t LNM'Q<*' (daute) ^ m fea?

>Htfe" (integrated) fJfT y<*'Oe ^

fi^w-i- ree^ (context) fe^ fer

ftlfe^ flrgie^ fejB^ (Kving contact)

area" fe>>fȤff^ feH Tret iraat gr fepjf

(SHW HH¥? F isy- 3" il" H?? 5^^
g'Ute^'^l re3F 3^ fiww ^W fP^

?^ fm wn^ 3" - »rf3 HUH^yaTT
w^?7\ fer ?^ fecT ffr F ya^ ^
3^ 'M3" feoT ffr g- yg^ ^ f^ a?s" I

fe^ crrg?r itT for

tTS"?Hl" 198 6 fe^

glyyifttHd'A eff HOT

3" WW feg" ^?t HOT

ofe^, ©ti fen fisH'S'

iHtrirfT?Hr ua'fer
ifRar fe^ ^ feiT aw

fe>fe^ fm fw FTi^ tF3K §" Fp^ dTH^^HFi' feHTF H^ fHIT JHfUF (covenent) ?^ UW U<!: ' Q^ g^
^lU^ fFFT J^!^3 r WT Kte^f»r ^ B^tTFft fH»P^lj- K# t ftr >HtT HF3¥ (context) JHt
3W^Wff U^ OTT I HF33- ^ 93^ trafe>r JP^T HSHF f?t ira^ lHtitJ i .^j^1 gr^ fSTPT^ 5"
y^»'§«' f dilute 1 ;^^ Hgf TO3? ^ H^HH^ §" Ufirers^ )»ft for »fferTm §■ fiftf aH3t t fj^
jyftrar ^ mw { int egrated ) fUTT H^^ ^ ff3 ft gST ^^^ ^ , 5^ j^^^^t f|^ fj^^p^ 3. ^^^

(jcoiitext) feg fF5 frrf?^ tTOT^ fHH3T (living contact) IWftl^ ^3^ ^ 1 fF% fel 5^3^ ftPH^
HU3^y3?rHni?ri fei 5# fer f# e^ yg^ ^ grr ^xt fe^ ft §■ g^r^ ^ f^ TO" 1

m

^ s# fer fiw d'HAldl ,
rydo(<*i, dM<sldc( ^gifonr"
€w^w fe^ ^lf^ ^T^ !ri

Ua^t !?^, 33^ FRT fe^'d

e^tf , aw nif fI" yucsldoi

>rBOT-HiT ( strategic
orientation) uj^S" ?" opgH
S" y^ d"lsndd " ?77?" fH»r FT

nraFTsr, pHU'dcj fydo^d;!, d't^<sldd
ufP5?5" fee" ?h1" ufI" 1 1 >HfFiiF lue"

^ F 5fe>Jret" fUd+ ^ gr^fl- ;^ yg^

?5Ht, 3H# m few? 3T^, HK FlVf
el" yUAldol HT^^T-mi (strategic
oriaitation) uj^tT e c(idiH 5" y^

fiw 5H rB" fcj S^-Utft- CTO^T

atf-nfHW (react) ^^ ^H^ 1 1 for
yidtS' I" y?t 3^ grw^" ?rTft

ar fm dMAldl ^^¥^^ff5?
frrf?>HT (extremes) ^75"

Qwdt/l-US?^ »fFl" U" I FF ^ iJq"
F 5fe>HT?t HHfeMi" ^ fdW fedi"
5" HS" feH'd^ , fntr d MAldl W HUT^
%H"5"f?Jf^ 3^TTTf|- T^T^ 3" >>fer

r^d PdH ^^ot'^d W'^^^i'dfM^'^m

fe^ fcH'dli ?r>>ffe»r 3" yfeQd

>HH??+ ^75" ff53" H'yltJ' O'l Iw ^

KK fw §" fe?j+ ^?UT^ ferm ?

>>r^ tri fEU"5# ^3T?fer?FrF
fewl"U5" UF ¥l" f?5r f?r F yg^r

(compleiiiait) tf fe'SS?' OTTI fHFPH"

^ d-^ifydl nr^T^ stydfMu Ft

^-%^ fWHd" d" ^-^f 3^bf"

nurs ffWR feT, ferr tt^ tr^f

RUJdH" F fdtfl" Rg" "<?^ cT'>Hfe>Hi" 3"

g^»fH?F5rw>>Ftc^ytt'^i Odi'd'

fHcrud^n^tfgp>ri '>raw3"vw
RuraF et" gHH? Oddydl 3 m^^

»iHW"S'H3'd'^'fedt Mc^^wl d'riAldt
?t U^^-ydHldl (revival) Tret
H'ddi'd tfF fenra" 5? fe3l" I fntr

d'HtSldl ^ SfF OT frra" 3" cTg- §TT

fm ^^cT^Ft fe ¥3" Iran o^t

gr U? feH" Hd^U 3^ yor3" oft3T FF^
d'dV' 5"! fePT H^TTF ^THH HH%

§fo>F5l" fu3+ ^ yy ?h^9f ^

dMcSldl ^ MfHllI" HT^w-fer
fcSdU'dd o[^ ^iJliJt &, frUT SW,
fWHUiHHieTH?5"3"^l iddtJi 5fe»F

FRi)" feH^ fe^ >M?r ^^^ rra" I ferr ?f?tT

3- fuit TO f%^^ F >HH?5" '^^E^

rn^fr] 'fsrg- gsW- f% cmtl' ^
^'•4S' »rcft?r »rvTfl- gftm 3

feW?-<^<!itdd 5" HfVW 5- QdJdiJd

ora^ite^ 3" I fetra+^ ferrvter

(diuming) ^^ Uf stcT 3 3I?F3 ^

fAdid' t Hsrar >M3" fm mmt ^
hJI ftJHi fAdU'ddUTraafti fet>>ffff
nfn;^t 35" fift' 3" feKf^ nmw^
(experience) 5" ^JfiJ^^ 3 Vq" H'ZIH^
gS" HU3^y3^ ^Sra" ?lf 3U" U^ I >>(Hf
fo^i- §3 fufl- 3 5?^ few? ^e?g^
^fei" 3fHte- gWFH" ^7F\

nmt HH^t ^ 5", feHH" ofg^ fen

>)fe?^ ?H^-feHW ftjftPif- §■ fePT
1w? g?W fe? ¥^ fUH^ H3- W
FFWf^Ui"! fern- ^ §W U^W?,

nrw^ 3 H#"-fe?^ w ?5r

fiw ^ W H33? >>ffl]^T^ (inviolable
nglTt) tl fen^ Un43i" kfI" fw ^
#, tJW7^3" dirlHl HfdM'tf'
(convention) >>icSHM, W5r J^f? 5"
W^HW ^BcS" (to mobilize tlie public
opiniai) >>r3 SST-?'^ >ngf^ >M5Fr?

mraF 3 H3?raHt 5" m ^s[^ gu 3"

H^fI" nfe^f^t ^?3 oT?^ W 3^3"

>Hyf3>>f? cf?^ d'dlidi ? 1 3;rat ^

? fe" FIHU?!' g3?i^ 5" »™" ggr >)fe?
FraraoT ufI" hct iRor3}", SAdor ?w1"

H'Vrast (iiTiiss political niobilisabcsi) 3

»rvra" arr^ s^ynf^ §" HHfeTT

fnU" IW W^ ?i^ HciisldT W >>ffeK
for H^H^fWD"! e?fki"5?f%W

§i?;

fe? FR? fen 3? f »fnj£t' d<J:Ald1

air

HftJHdn HT^rar R3?r ^ gutra"

s^^m^-^'i^ few 7^5?^ ^33-3-
fed'tji OT? ^T7^ U7 i3^crj, fen

HfutHdil (natural ally) §"1 fPFT ^^gy
(cat^r>' } "3" >>f^t^ U? ^^^H" ^
nut H^ HK3r? (evaluntioRi ^fu^
TV^ Wl]\^ ^ n(& %J 777^ TUW %■

M3-§U??- f%^ & gut ^Ulf^ fUT^tff!-

■s'riylora' (justification ) 5^ fT^
UH%3" K^F srgTT ^ HU^^yro"

?^^ J^cfHi- ^HT fW ^ fg-

^ 37?" !>>f3" W^ ?F 3U: >M^H^

J HOTl">Hfq^W ^§HUI3T ^^
35". ^H^ngt UqS" 3", H?ra>fr ^ dd^

■g- y%>>fr ;?^?7 ^ oTS^ g" few

>>ffeHt>H3" lF3t ?F3^ gT^jt?f U )

FFT >H?B", ferr ^ trar, fen

¥U3T ^^ferfr^feaa- 5F3>flHt t
fen" ^ RF3" gylipHT sut ^TT^T

7^^ dd'ddl fefySHT (fraternal

solidarity) ^ UTfo-dltJ-^ yddlc"-^'

u^ Id 'Jit" u >H3" for 5" trag^BT

3U ^ BfI" for?" cf^H g^ flre"

Bitffe-u?ri

^ >3feu, fam- ^ ngji-, fsm-

?t HB?H ¥3?r §3-, fSTH ^ w "^
33"^^ trar 3" l|<^Hi Jt ^ ^^^

o('<j'S't!l (solidanty action) cfHS"W
Hfe>}rt?^^i" gijftd' Ul

^ ?Tifl- J55f f5^ g^ ^ ^lyltl'd F

Twm el" fcrSof^ 3>ffH3" cffst
Hi^l ijidltJ} o'i^>>rsT^?5Fl-?ra"
autMi" §3?-ieHt fyS" 5t>}f*" gH*" 3"

yiJIidl ui
fridgfWddggggggl- tJtJAld A ' rt

3W^ HK^ few K:gU3" 3^ PIH^

etnr gr^^^^ g3sr§^ 5" 3^- cr3S"

?^ W3" few cfeT fl^^ gr^ffen- U I

s^'yl^d'd 3- VW-fTW ?t ^T^?r ?T
HTgyj- fnrgPT SEt§%g- CT3^ o[^
W^ UTTI

>H?5W ^rgjt >;^ >j^Ti4^ ^f^ g- 1^

5" sra?^ ?r8l" >Hcm3" w fiw" wtw"
Ign^ ^ fensHT?- oft3T tT*^ u" I for
7^^ pmu giyl^'d ^ hct >h?b-.

g^t^ U77I ^'tfcft JTorVF ^w' fw
H-^'tSi" 5" ^ F J^nfi" ( niercenanes )

rtcK'd' cfUTT 7^ W^§ir^ W

dWlddi sTy Ftfenr fF^ gr^it^ tr I

^y ffflTSt, ^nj^ 3" ^ graUi- 5"
WTJ^ W RH^g- >)fe3- RiT? ^US" ?5#

fior,frrF?f'fUH2^^^ 'ff^'(soft)

t, fm ni^P!^ few g' t;ltj i rd' >r ^

'M^ g^ JF g>F3Ht

€tf ?if ^■yl'd'fd'ir >H3
§3"?7^ r^g" t airl
guif3-3l" ruf?^?? t

tfi^ H^e f Teh otu^
^>r3rat g i 'tjitj ' d ^ n^

?H" et H'ttTfU? #■

f?rff ^^ , M^u-"? ^

C'riiil'H3 (justification)

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*********

TO THEE OLD CAUSE

To thee old cause !

Thou peerless, passionate, good cause,

Thou stern, remorseless, sweet idea,

Deathless throughout the ages, races, lands,

After a strange sad war, great war for thee,

(I think all war through tinne was really fought, and ever will be really

fought, for thee)

These chants for thee, the eternal march of thee.

(A war O soldiers not for Itself alone,

Far, far more stood silently waiting behind, now to advance in this

book.)

Thou orb of many orbs I

Thou seething principle ! thou well-kept, latent genn ! thou centre !

Around the idea of thee the war revolving,

With all its angry and vehement play of causes,

(With vast results to come for thrice a thousand years,)

These recitatives for thee, -my book and the war are one,

Merged in its spirit I and mine, as the contest hinged on thee.

As a wheel on its axis turns, this book unwitting to itself,

Around the idea of thee.

fe§M^ arcteH ntw SHcranl" shk

w^ yfot)'*

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