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«MHP, IIPOrPECC,.nPABA HEJIOBEKA» 

IlySjiHKaiiHH My3ea h o6mecrBeHHoro ueHTpa 
HMeHH AHapea CaxapoBa 



BtinycK 4 



mmm I MUM: 

OEUIECTBR H rOCVUJPCIBJ 



Peaaicrop-cocTaBHTejib /J. E. <t>ypMaH 



MocKBa 
2001 



EBK 66.3(2Poc) 
A35 



OTBeTCTBeHHMH peaaicrop-cocTaBHTejib — 
.HOKTop HCTOpHMecKHX HayK R. E. (DypiwaH 



<I>OHfl Auppesi CaxapoBa (r. MocKBa) 6jiaroaapHT 

OrfleneHHe <t>oima Caxaposa b C11IA 

h ero npe3HfleHta r-Ha 3aBapaa KnafiHa 

3a npejjocTaBJieHHe cpeacTB Ha noaroTOBKy h ny6jiHKau.HK> KHHra 

h npoBeaeHHe KompepemiMH 

«A3ep6aflfl)KaH h Poccaa: oSmecTBa h rocyaapcTBa». 



A3ep6aHU5KaH h Pocchh: oSmeerBa h rocynapcTBa / Otb. pea. 
A3 5 h coct. fl. E. <J)ypMaH. — M.: JleTHHH caa, 200 1 . — 496 c. 

ISBN 5-94381-025-0. 

ilaHHafl KHHra npeacTasjuieT co6oft c6opHHK craTeR 3ananHWX, a3ep6aEtiwtaH- 
ckhx h pocchhckhx asTopoB. B KHHre HccjiemTOTCH npo6.ireMU nojiHTHnecKoro pa3- 
bhths coBpeMeHHoro A3ep6afcu;aHa. KHHra npejHiOHaneHa ana ampoKoro Kpyra hh- 
TaTejieii, HHTepecyiomMXCH iipo6jier.iaMH pa3BtFTnsi nocTCOBeTCKHX crpaH. 

KHHra 6buia npeacraBjieHa Ha KomJrepeHUHH «A3ep6aftflHcaH h Poccha: o6mecr- 
Ba h rocyflapcTBa», cocToaEiueftcH b anpane 2001 r. 

EBK 66.3(2Poc) 



ISBN 5-94381-025-0 © <Doim AHflpea CaxapoBa, 200 1 



Ammtpmm QYPMAH, Aam ABACOB 
A3EPBARA)KAHCKA51 PEBOAIOLM5I 



Ufisib aaHHOH CTaTbH — aaTt, pa3yMeeTca, KpaTKHH h 3ckh3hhm, OMepie 
co6hthh, CB33aHHwx c naaeHHeM cobctckoh BJiacTH b A3ep6aH^»caHe, npH- 
xojiom k BJiacTH HapoaHoro <DpoHTa, ero HeaonrHM npaBJieHHeM h ero CBep- 
aceHKeM. B coBOKynHOCTH ohh o6pa3yioT peBOjnouHOHHHH uhkji, aHajiornn- 
hhh MHOJKecTBy noflo6HHX uhkjiob, coBepmaBoiHXCH B pa3Hoe Bpeww h b pa3- 
hmx CTpaHax. Ho xoth aHajionra eMy mo^kho HafiTH rae yroflHO — xoth 6m h 
b «KJiaccHHecicoH» 4>paHuy3CKOH peBOJiiouHH, HaH6ojibuiHe aHajiorHH, ecrecT- 

BeHHO B peBOJIlOUHOHHHX IIHKJiaX, npOHCXOBMBlHHX B 3TO Bpeiwa bo Bcex 

coio3hmx pecnySjiHKax h BMecre o6pa3yiomnx eflHHbifl npouecc CBepaceHHa 
cobctckoh BJiacTH, pacnaaa CCCP h C03aaHHH hobmx He3aBHCHMbix rocy- 
aapcTB. Oco6eHHocTH HauHOHanbHbix BapHaHTOB 3Toro npouecca cB«3aHbi co 
MHOHcecTBOM $aicropoB, ho npOKae Bcero — c ocoSeHHOCTHMH icyjibTyp, apKO 
npoaBHBiiiHMHca nocne ocuaSjieHHa h 3aTeM HCHe3HOBeHna cobctckoh BHem- 

Heft yHH(|)HKaUHH. 

B Hanajie CTaTbH mm nonbiTaeMca OTMeTHTb Haa6onee 3HaHHMbie KyubTyp- 
Hbie 4>aKTopbi, CKa3aBiuMeca, Ha nani B3rcum, Ha a3ep6aHflacaHCKOM peBoniouH- 
ohhom npoiiecce. 



1 . Ooiuaa KyAbTypHan ocHosa 

Pa3yMeerrca, caMbiM BaatHbiM KyutTypHbiM 4>aicTOpoM, bjihsbuihm Ha iiojih- 
TH^ecKoe noBeaeHHe asepQaitasKaHueB, aBJweTca HCJiaM. Kohchho, He noTOMy, 
hto ajepSaftuKaHUbi — oco6o peJiHrH03HHH Hapoa. Pcimrnn b coBpeMeHHyio 
3noxy HrpaeT b hx >kh3hh 3HaHHTejibHO MeHbuiyio pojib, nevt b sch3hh, HaBep- 
Hoe, SojibiiiHHCTBa MycyjibMaHCKHX HapoaoB. Ho 3HaHHMOCTb pejinrH03Horo 
(JiaKTopa He CBsnaHa HenocpcucTBeHHO c coBpeMeHHHM ypoBHeM pejiHrH03Ho- 
cth. Ha npoTJDKeHnn bckob ocoSeHHOcra peiuiniH 4>opMnpoBajm oco6eHMOcra 
ncHXHKH h ueHHOCTHHx opueHTauHH HapoflOB, h KaK pyccKHe sauce B snoxy co- 
BeTCKoro MaccoBoro aTeintna 6buin HapoaoM no CBoefi ncHxonorHH h rjiyGoKMM 
ueHHocTHtiM opHeHTamotM npe:»me Bcero npasocjiaBHbiM, TaK a3ep6afia>KaH- 

118 



AgeggaHAjKaHCKan peBOAK>una 



uh — h BepyiouiHe, h nonyBepyiomHe, h HeBepyiomHe — 3T0 npeame Bcero 
Hapofl MycyjibMaHCKOH KyjibTypw. 

H a3ep6aRg>KaHLtaM CBOHCTBeneH paa o6mnx co BceMH MycyjibinaHCKHMH 
HapoaaMH >iepT, npoaBHBiiiHxca, Ha Ham B3nura, b co6mthhx HeflaBHeii peso- 
jijoukohhoh anoxtf 1 . KoiaM, Bbipa6oTaBuinH o6myio pas. MycyjibinaH cHCTeiny 
peJiHrH03Horo 3aKOHoaaTejn>CTBa — uiapnaT, peniaMeHTHpyjomHH h catcpajiH- 
3yiomeH ci|iepy noBceflHeBHOH «ch3hh h oTHocHTejibHO TepnHMbifl k BHyrpHpe- 
jiHrH03HMM pa3JiHHJWM, co3flaBan CHJibHeHiuyio o6meMycynbMaHCKyio HfleHTH- 
(JiHKauHio. OflHOBpeMeHHO ceMba, pon, JioKanbHbie oGiiihocth TaioKe HinejiH 
KOJioccajibHOe 3HaqeHHe, nocKonbicy Tascoe 3HaneHHe HMejia h BCa c^epa co3- 
aaiomHX 3th o6mHociH noBceaHeBHMX nenoBeqecKHX CBH3eH, pemaMeHTHpo- 
BaHHbix h ocBameHHbix caMHM EoroM. ripn cmibHoK o6meMycynbMaHCKOH 

HfleHTHl^HKaUHH H CHJIbHOH HfleHTH^HKaUHH C M3JieHbKHMH CeMeHHblMH, pOJIO- 

bhmh h JioKanbHbiMH o6mHocTHMH, ecTecTBeHHO, ocjiaSjweTca «cpe,HHHH ypo- 
seHb» HfleHTH(J)HKauHH — c rocyaapcTBOM h HapoflOM. OTHouieime k rocyaap- 
CTBy (bo bcskom cjiynae, k rocyaapcTBy He caicpajibHOMy, He xanH^aTy) — ot- 
HOiueHHe noKopHocm, ho h HeKOTOporo 6e3pa3JiH*iHa. CyjrraHbr h xaHbi 
npHxoflXT h yxoaffT, a caicpajibHbiH MHp 6biTa, cenibH — cbst h BeneH. HauHO- 
HaubHbie itneHTHMHocTH CKnaflbiBaioTca b MycynbMaHCKOM MHpe OTHOCHTejibHO 
no3flHo, TpyaHO h nofl eBponeftcKHM BjmaHHeM. 

CtaeHb MHorHe oneBnaHbie nepTbi mch3hh nocrcoBeTCKHx MycyjibMaHCKHX 
HapoflOB npaMO CBa3aHM c 3thmh oco6eHHOCTainn couHajibHoro BJiwaHHa Hcua- 
Ma. 3to — HecKonbKo 6e3pa3HHHHaa roxoBHOCTb noaHHHaTbca anacTH, npo- 
aBHBiuaacs b ciiokohhom, iiohth «He3aineTHOM» naaenHH cobctckoh BJiac™ 

(oflHOBpeMeHHO npH KpaHHefi CJia60CTH KOMMyHHCTHieCKOH HfleOJIOrHH) 

h nerKOM nepexoae ot Hee k asTopHxapHbiM HOMeHKnaiypHbiM poKHMain, 
BHecuiHM JiHiHb MHHHManbHbie H3MeHeHHa b npeauiecTByiomyio coBCTcKyio 
CTpyioypy, yace noflBepniryioca TpaflHUHOHajiHCTCfcoft nepepaSoTKe, CTasuiyio 
«CBoeH». 3to — oneHb Bbicoicaa cxeneHb KoppynuHH, HMeiomaa 3flecb ne- 
cKOJibKo HHoe 3HaneHHe, HHyio MapKupoBaHHocTt, ieM, CKa>KeM, b Pocchh, cbh- 
3aHHbie c chjioh ceMefiHbix h KnaHOBbix CB«3eK, Korjja 3a6oia o ceMbe — BajK- 
Hee Bcero, a He noaaepacan. pojiCTBeHHHKa — rpex 3HaHHTe;ibHO SojibuiHH, neM 
HapyuieHHe 3aKOHa (He 3aKOHa niapnaTa h He ocBameHHoro BeicaMH o6binaa, 
a npocTo 3aKOHa, npnnyMaHHoro b MocKBe). H, nocKonbicy oSmecrBo pa3flejie- 
ho Ha «KnaHOBbie» h JioicajibHbie rpynnw, npe^aHHOCTb kotophm — Bbiuie npe- 
jaHHOCTH rocyaapcTBy, h KOTOpbie, ecrecTBeHHO, conepHHiaiOT apyr c apyroM, 
3to — nocToaHHaa yrp03a aHapxHH, Koropaa Bceraa mojkct B03HHKHyrb npH 
nafleHHH aBTopHTapHoro pejKHMa, KaK 3to npOH3omno b TaaacHKHCTane. 3th 
HepTbi npHcyrcTByiOT h b a3ep6aiiflacaHCK0M o6mecTBe, xoxa h b cBOefi, Heno- 

BTOpHMOH H OHeHb MOaH<})HIIHpOBaHHOH <})OpMe. 



119 



AmhtphB tPVPMAH, Aah AEACOB 



Ohcbimho, BaxHefiniHii 4>aKrop, MoaH<j)HUHpoBaBiiiHH a3ep6aHfl»;aRCKoe 
C03HaHne h bo MHoroM onpcflc.iHBiiiHii oco6eHHOCTH a3ep6aHjpKaHCKOro no3j(- 
HecoBeTCKoro — nocTcosexcKoro nojiHTHnecicoro npouecca 3aKJiK>HaeTca b 
tom, hto a3ep6anfl>KaHm>i aoJisuie, neM jik>6o8 hhoh MycyjibMaHCKHH Hapoa 
(KpoMe TaTap h 6auiKHp), 6mjih nofl npaMtnn ynpasjieHHeM eBponeKcKHx kojio- 
HH3aTopoB (pyccKHx) h, cooTBeTCTBeHHO, aojibme, neM jiioSoh flpyrofi Kapojj, 
HcnHTWBanH B03fleiicTBHe eBponeficKOH KyjibTypbi. K KOHiry npoauioro BeKa b 
A3ep6aito»:aHe cKJiaaHBaexca CBoa esponeiicKH o6pa30BaHHaa sjiirra h nponc- 
xojiht KonoccajibHaa KyjibTypHaa pa6oTa no co3aaHHio CHHTe3a eBponeflcKHX h 
TpaanuiioHHMx HauHOHanbHbix KynbTypHMx 4>opM h ueHHOCTefi. H 3fleci. a3ep- 
6ana»caHUH, BepHee, a3ep6aHA3caHCKaa 3JiHTa 2 OKa3HBaeTca Bnepean JiroSoro 
apyroro MycyjibMaHCKoro Hapoaa (orurrb-TaKH, mojkct ohtl, 3a HCKJuoneHHeM 
TaTap) h ne tou&ko b Pocchhckoh KMnepHH, ho h bo sceM MHpe — nepBbie 
«MycyjibMaHCKHe» coBpeMpHHoro rana flpaMarypma h onepa, nepBaa Ha Tep- 
pHtopHH Pocchhckoh HMnepHH «Mycym>MaHCKaa» ra3era h t. a. 

EcTecrBeHHo, hto Bca 3Ta pa6oTa 6buia oflHOBpeMeHHO pa6oTOH no no- 
CTpoeHHK) a3ep6anflacaHCKOH HauHOHanbHofi HneHTHHHOCTH no MoaeyiH HfleH- 
thhhocth eBponeiicKiix HapOAOB. 3aecb sbojiiouhs nuia ot nneii naHHCJiaMH3Ma 
k aoMHHHpoBaHHK) naefl TropKCKoii oSiuhocth, ejjHHoro TiopKCKoro Hapoaa 3 , 
a 3aTeM k oco3HaHHK> ce6a ocoShm HapoaoM — a3ep6aHfl»;aHCKHMH TiopKaMH 
hjih a3ep6aiin3KaHuaMH. .Hcho, hto CTaHoaneHHe HamiOHajibHOro caMoco3Ha- 
hh« — 3to B to JKe BpeMH CTanoBJieHHe Hflen HauHOHanbHOH He3aBHCHM0CTH. 
Bbicuieii tohkoh 3Toro npouecca 6biJio np0B03rjiameHHe b 1918 roay nepBoii 
pecnyQjiHKH b MycyjibjwaHCKOM MHpe — A3ep6ana»caHCKOH fleMOKparaHecKoH 
PecnySjiHKH, KOTOpaa ojiHOBpeMeHHo 6mia nepswM «HecoMHeHHO» Haimo- 
HanbHbiM rocyaapcTBOM b a3ep6aiLipKaHCKOH hctophh. 3roviy, ntrraBnieMycs 

COeflHHHTb HfleaJlbl AeMOKpaTHH C TIOpKCKHM a3ep6afta)KaHCKHM HaitHOHaJIH3- 

mom h HCnaMOM 4 , rocyaapcTBy He cyacaeHa 6ujia aojiraa hch3hi.. B 1920 rosy 
oho 6mjio yHHHTOJKeHO oonMjueBHKaMH. Mu He 3HaeM, hto 6m H3 Hero nonym- 
jiocb b KOHne KOHitoB, HacKOnbKo JiH6epajibHaa BepxyuiKa a3ep6aHjiacaHCKoro 
o6mecTBa toto speineHH cMorna 6h coxpaHHTb c«oe BUHamie b TpaAHUHOHaiiH- 
ctckhx Maccax h npHBHTb 3THM MaccaM cboh uchhocth 5 . Ho KaK paHO yMepraaa 
aeByuiKa ocraeTCa iohoh h npeicpacHOH, raK h nepBoe He3aBHCHMoe a3ep6a3- 
AJKaHCKoe rocyaapcTBo ocTajiocb b hctophhcckoh naMara aeMOKpaTHHecKHM. 
H MoxceT 6wtb, hmchho cBoeK paHHeK CMeprtio oho cocahhhjio b C03HaHHH 
coBpeMeHHbix a3ep6aflaHcaHCKHx HHTeJuinreHTOB, ecTecTBeHHo opHeHTHpyio- 
mnxca Ha Hero h BOoSme Ha nepHOfl pacimeTa KyjitTypw Hanana BCKa, Hai|HO- 
HanH3M h jiH6epanbHbie «3anaflHHMecKHe» ueHHoctH 6 , Ecjih cennac a3ep6aii- 
jwcaHeu xoqeT yKa3aTb, hto aBJiaeTca npeaMeroM ero HauHOHajibHOH ropjiocTH, 
b neM A3ep6afia}KaH — jrynuie Bcex h Bnepe^H Bcex, oh o6a3aTejibHO yicajKeT 
Ha KynbTypHbie h noJiHTHHecKHe coStiraa Hanana BeKa, KOTOpbie Bee hmciot 



120 



AaepSawAjKaHCKM peeoAioumi 



onpejiejieHHyio «nfleonornqecicyio OKpacKy», Bee CBHflexeiEbCTByioT o nonbmce 
a3ep6aftz^KaHCKOH mhtbi Toro BpeMeHH coeflHHHTb JiH6epajibHtie mien h ueH- 
hocth c MycynbMaHCKOH h nopKCKOH «iio«iboh» 7 . EcrrecTBeHHO, sto He Morao 
ne npimaTb cneuH^HnecKHH xapaKTep jiK>6biM, B03HHKaBiiiHM no3we, y*e 
k Korniy coBeTCKoro nepHoaa, hzkhm HaijHOHajibHOH He3aBHCHM0CTH. 

2. Co3AaHne ycaobhm aaa peBOAtouMM 

Yhkhtoskhb A£P, 6ojibiueBHKH co3aajiH 3aTeM A3CCP, b HeicoTopoM poae 
«3aKpenHB», xoth, ecrecTBeHHo, h bmxojiocthb MycaBaTMCTCKyro Hfleto a3ep- 
SaiwjKaHCKOH HaqHH h a3ep6aita>KaHCKOH rocyflapcTBeHHOCTH (tohho rax ace, 
xaK 3to npoH3cmmo c HfleaMH yicpaHHCKOH, 6enopyccKOH h Apyrax HaiiHH h ro- 
cyflapcTBeHHOcTefi). Ebuia co3aaHa <J>opMa, BHaHane — coBepmeHHO «nycTaa», 
ho k KOHuy cobctckoh BjiacTH BCe 6ojiee HanojiHflBinaaca peantHbiM coflepxca- 
HHeM. H 3to HanojiHeHHe cJiopMM coaepjKaHHeM oflHOBpeiueHHO 6hjio npouec- 
com, BeauiHM, BMecTe c aHajiorHHHbiMH npoueccaMH b flpyrax pecnySjimcax, 
k ae3HHterpauHH CCCP. 

KaK b Pocchhckoh HMneptoi npouecc co3aaHH« Heo6xoaHMoro ana kojio- 
HHanbHoro ynpaBJieHHa arcoa esponeHCKH o6pa30BaHHoft «ry3eMHOH» hhtcjijih- 
reHHHH HeH36eacHO seji k 3apojKneroiio b ee" cpeae HanaoHajiH3Ma, TaK b coseT- 
CKyio snoxy co3.gaHHe HaiuiOHajibHoii KOMMyHHCTHHecKofi SiopoKparaH b ko- 

HeHHOM CHCTe npHBOflPUlO K TOMy, HTO B03HHKaJlH 06beKTHBHbie npeanOCHJIKH 

ami He3aBHCHMocTH h b KaKofi-To Mepe — cipeMJieHHe k He3aBHCHMocTH. 

BHanajie 6ojibiueBHKH He HMeioT onopu b a3ep6aHiPKaHCKOM o6mecTBe 
h He flOBeparoT a3ep6aiin)KaHuaM. B 20-e ro/ibi b ynpaBJieHHH A3ep6agaHcaHOM 
nonHOCTbio aoMHHHpyioT pyccKHe, apMHHe, espen 8 . Ho b 1933 rofly HaciynaeT 
nepejioMHMH momcht — nepBbiM ceKpetapeM UK BnepBbie Ha3HaHaerca a3ep- 
SaftflacaHeu, «a3ep6aflflwaHCKHH EepHS» — MHpoxca^ap EanapoB, h nocjie Hero 
no KOHua cobctckoh BJiacTH jihhhh nepBux ceKpeTapeH-asepGaftflxaHueB yxe 
He npepMBaerca 9 , 

nocreneHHo a3ep6a&ipKaHiiH BbirecHaioT He-a3ep6aHa>KaHueB c KOMaHfl- 

HblX 6lOpOKpaTHHeCKHX nOCTOB, 6lOpOKpaTHfl CTaHOBHTCS, HeCMOTpfl Ha pyCCKHX 

BTopbix ceicpeTapeM, npeHMymecTBeHHo a3ep6aftfl)KaHCKOH, h H3 Hee aaace bh- 
xojwt nepBbift a3ep6aiiaacaHeu — hjkh nojiHrSfopo TeHiiap Ajihcb. OaHaico 
Bee ace A3ep6aHfl»caH b stom OTHomeHHH OTCTaBan ot apyrwx pecnySjiHK, npe- 
»me scero — coceflHHx ApMermH h rpy3HH, h npoueHT pyccwra h apMan b 6ro- 
pOKpaTHH flo caMOro KOHiia ocTaBanca 3HaHHTejibHO Bbime, neu hx yaenbHbiH 
Bee b HacejieHHH 10 . 

AHajiorHHHbie npoueccu wjsyr h b HHTejuiHreHTCKOH s^Hte — oHa, c oa- 

CTOpOHH, flOCTHraet BHyUIHTejlbHHX pa3N 

Bee GoJiee HauHonajibHofi a3ep6aHfl)KaHCKOH 12 . 

121 



HOH CTOpOHH, flOCTHraet BHyUIHTejlbHHX pa3MepOB n , C apyrOH CTaHOBHTCSI 



AMHTpwfl OYPMAH, Aam ABACOB 



3th npoueccbi noflrOTaBUHBanH cou,HajibHyio 6a3y ms. nocjie/xyiomero 
flBHaceHMH 3a Me3aBHCHMOCTb (pocx KyjibTypbi H HHTeJlUHreHTHOrO cuoa He Mor 

He BecTH k TOMy, hto OKOCTeHeBaiomaa KOMMyHHCTHiecicaa Haeononia boc- 
npHHHMaerca Bcepbfej Bee MeHbme h MeHbiue, co3flaHHe MomHbix HaunoHajib- 
hhx 3JIHT, KOTopbie MoryT npaBHTb CTpaHoii 6e3 Mockbh, He Moxex He nopo- 
ztHTb crpeMJieHHa ot Mockbh H36aBHTkca, noBticHB reM caMbiM cboh CTaTyc). 
OaHaKo uenbiH pafl KyjrbTypHbix (fiaKTopoB fleficTBOBaji b npoTMBononoacHOM 
HanpaBJieHHH. 

npesme Bcero, sto — KoppynitHa, pa3i>eaaiomaa a3ep6aftfl}KaHCKyio 3HHTy 
h MemaBuiaa en BbinonHHTb Ty HauHOHajibHO-KOHCojiHflHpyioiiryio ponb, koto- 
pyio Hrpajia 3/nrra b paae apyrnx pecny6jmK, npeume Bcero — b npH6ajiTHKe. 
Mm yace TOBOpHJiH, hto Koppynuna b MycyjibMaHCKHx pecny6jiHKax CCCP 
HMena HecKOJibKO nnoe 3HaneHHe, nein b Pocchh, OHa 6biJia 6anee CB«3aHa 
c ueHHOCTHMH ceMbH, miana, oSmero npoHcxostaeHHa, 6buia MeHee «aMopanb- 
hoh» h MeHee ocyjEcaanacb oSmecxsoM. B A3ep6aHXPKaHe o6mecTBO CKopee 
ocyanjio 6bi nejiOBeKa, kotophh 3aH«u KpynHbiK nocT h OTKa3biBaerca noMOHt, 
CKa>KeM, MOJioflOMy napHHiiiKe H3 ero aepeBHH hjih aajibneMy poacTBeHHHKy, 
hjih neJiOBeKa, He cnocooHoro «Ha aojdkhom ypoBHe» npHHaTb flpy3eii hjih co- 
aepscaTb ceMbio, hcm Toro, kto paan 3Toro npecTynan 3aKOHM !3 . B KHHre 
H. 3eMUOBa, pa6oTaBuiero b annapaTe T. AnHeBa, pacKpbiBaeTca HeMHCJiHMaa 
KapTHHa KOppynuHH npn AxyHflOBe, KOraa npaKTHHecKH otkphto npoaaBariHCb 

BCe flOJIHCHOCTH H 3BaHHS aKafleMHKOB, CeKperapeH paHKOMOB, MHHHCTpOB 14 . 

OaKTHqecKaa npHBaTH3aiwa 33ep6aHfljKaHCKOH skohomhkh h BJiacTH chctcmoh 
HOMeHicnaTypHbix KJiaHOB b KOHue kohuob BbiHyamia MocKsy caarb AxyimoBa 
h nocTaBHTb bo ruaBe A3ep6aiin)KaHa Sbmuiero pyKOBOflHTena pecnyoJiHKaHCKO- 
ro KTE «cHJibHoro 4ejioBeKa» refiaapa AnHeBa. AnHeBy aaerca «KapT-6jiaHim>, 

H OH npOH3BOflHT KOHOCCajIbHyK) HHCTKy KOppyMHHpOBaHHOH HOMeHKJiaTypH 15 . 
HO npH 3TOM B nOJIHOM COOTBeTCTBHH C a3ep6afifl>KaHCKOH «CHCTeMOH UeHHO- 

CTeH>> oh 3anojnwer Bee ocBo6oflHBiuHeca MecTa cbohmh poflCTBeHHHKaMH, 

pOflCTBeHHHKaMH pOflCTBeHHHKOB H HaXHHCBaHCKHMH 3eMJWKaMH, «HaXHHCBaH- 

ckhm KJianoM». HecKOJibKO oecnopaaoHHaa «npHBaTH3auHa» A3ep5afiiDKaHa 
npw AxyHflOBe CMeHaerca chctcmoh TOTa/ibHoro rocnoflCTBa o^hoh KJiaHOBoft 
rpynnHpoBKH. Bot Kajcyio KapTHHy nojioHcemia aeji npH nepBOM npaBJieHHH Te- 
' nepeuiHero a3ep6aKa»:aHCKoro npe3HfleHTa aaeT b CBoefl craTbe w^ac OTKpoBe- 
hh»» a3ep6aitn»caHCKHH nHcaTejib Hhhi-h3 A6,ayjiJiaeB: «B ycnoBHax HameK 
pecnySjiHKH MecTHHHecTBO npnoSpejio ocoSeHHO otkpobchhhh h H3,aeBaTejib- 
ckhh xapaiorep. B kohuc ceMnnecHTbix npaBHTejibCTBeHHMMH ztanaMH b 3aryjib- 
6e pacnopaiKajtHCb HecKOJibKO poacTBeHHbtx snaHOB, nocicojibKy Bee HJieHu 
npaBHTenbCTBa h OTBeTCTBeHHwe pa6oTHHKH IIK 6bum poacTBeHHMKaMH £pyr 
Apyra. CKB03b TanyKi KpyroByio o6opoHy 6bino HenerKO npo6HTbca. B Jiyq- 
uieM cjiynae 3to yflasajiocb c/jejiaTb 3a ch£t yAa^HOH 3KeHHTb6w... CTpaiimoe 

122 



A3ep6aijmtaHCKaa peaoAioum) 



,b ycjioBHax A3ep6aHfl>KaHa „xapajibicaH?" — „OTKyaa tm poaoM?" — P a3o6- 
majio HauHJO... JlrniKO-rpsGHoe cjiobo „B3HTKa" mh saMeHHJiH Ha „xop M eT" — 
„yBa)KeHHe" h Hanajin yBaxca-n. apyrapyra» 16 . 

ZlpyTHM (HO B3aHMOCB»3aHHbIM) $aKTOpOM, CHHJKaKKHHM «HaUHOHaJIbHblii 

noTeHUHaji» a3ep6a&n>KaHcicoH sjihtn, 6buia pycH<J>HKauHs. CoseTCKas BJiacTb 
b A3ep6aHa>KaHe, KaK h b apyrwx HauHOHajTbHtix pecnySjiHKax, Bjmajia H a crra- 
HORJieHHe HauHOHantHoro caMoco3HaHH» oneHt cjiohchmm h npoTHBopeiHBWM 
o6pa30M. C oahoh cTopoHbi, OHa 3aicpenHJia Hjero a3ep6aHaacaHCKOH HaqwH 
h aaace KyjibTHBHposajia b Bbicmeii CTeneHH ymep6HMH a3ep6aK,zi5KaHCKHH na-r- 
PHOTH3M. (yinep6HbTH — nocKOJibKy a3ep6aHfl>KaHCKaji Kyjibxypa co3HaTejibHO 
OTpbiBajiacb ot eg ncTopHHecicnx KopHefi: areH3MOM, 3aMeHOH apaScicoH rpatfw- 
kh naTHHKuefi, a 3aTeM h khphjiuhuch, 3anpeTOM Ha HopitranbHoe H3yHeHHe My- 
caBaTHCTCKoro nepHOfla, h ot KyjibTypw HpancKHX a3ep6aHfl»caHueB h poacT- 
BeHHbix HapoaoB — npamieB h TypoK, h nocKOJibKy jnoSbie nposBJienmi naT- 

pHOTH3Ma flOJDKHM 6bIJIH COnpOBOHCflaTbCH KILHTBaMH B flpy>K6e H BepHOCTH 

pyccKOMy «CTapiueMy 6paTy».) C apyroH cropOHH, iiuia OTHacra cnoHTaHHas, 
OTHacTH — HCKyccTBeHHaa pycH^HKauHH. XapaKrepHo, hto OHa AOCTHraeT oco6o 
6oJibuiHX pa3MepOB HMeHHO b tot nepnoa, Koraa a3ep6aflaacaHCKaa SropoKpa- 
thh OKOHHaTenbHO npHxoflHT k BJiacTH Ha Bcex ypoBHJtx, BbiTecnaa Hea3ep6afl- 
aJKaHueB. Hmchho b 60 — 70-e roflia hhcjio pyccKosubiHHtrx ihkoji b cTaHOBs- 
meMca see* Bonee a3ep6afta>KaHCKHM no HauHOHanbHOMy cocTaBy EaKy npeBbi- 
cmro hhcjio niKOJi a3ep6aHaacaHCKHx, a HHTejiJiHreHiym h SropoKparaa oxaaroT 
aeTeK npeHMyiaecTBeHHO b pyccKHe uikohbi 17 . 

.Scho, hto Taicaa 3HHTa, B03HHKinaa b rpOMaaHoB Mepe KoppynuHOHHMM 
nyreM (h cooTBercTBeHHO — npo<J)eccHOHajibHO He yBepeHHaa b ce6e), pa3i>e- 
^HHeHHaa KJiaHOBocTbio h MecTHHiecTBOM, npoHH3aHHaa KoppynuHeii m b 3Ha- 
HHTejibHOH Mepe — pycH(|)HUHpoBaHHaa, He Moraa cwrpaTb pout, aHanoraq- 
Hyio, CKaaceM, npHSanTMHCKHM anHTaM. Jinx MHorax ee rrpeacTaBHTejieii A3ep- 
6aHA»aH BHe CCCP 03Hanan npocxo xaTacTpo^y. Ee3 ynera 3Toro mm He 
nofiMeM co6biTHa b A3ep6a&a:>KaHe b «peBOJnouKOHHbie roaa», KOraa Siopo- 
KpaTJta h cTaTycHaa HHTejuiHreHUHs He ciworjiH B03rjiaBHTb hjih aaace npHMK- 
Hyn> k HauHOHanbHOMy flBnaceHHio, B03rnaBJMBUieMyca hh30boh h mojioaoh 
KHTeJiUHreHUHeK. 

Eme" oana ocoSeHHoexb a3ep6aHH5KaHCKoro oSmecTBa, 6e3 ynera KOTopofi 
Hejib3a noHHTb cneuH(|)HKy a3ep6a{«pKaHCKOH peBoniouHH, — 3to xapaicrep 
KyjibTypw HapoflHHx Mace. 

HecMOTpa Ha to, hto A3ep6aiiu5KaH 3a roflbi coBeTCKOH BJiacTH c<|)opMH- 
poBan BHyniHTejibHyio no pa3MepaM (ecjiH He no KanecTBy) HHTennHreHTCKyK) 
3JiHTy, Kynbxypa HapoflHbix Mace b 3HaHHTejibH0H Mepe ocTaBanacb TpaflHUH- 
OHHoft. B KaKofi-To CTeneHH 3to mohcho BH^eTb no CTaTHCTHKe poacaaeMOCTH 
h pocxa HaceneHHa. B 1989 roay no cpaBHeHHio c 1959roaoM KonHHecTBo 

123 



Amhtphk OVPMAH, Aam AEACOB 



a3ep6aHaacaHueB Bbipocjio b CCCP b 2, 3 pa3a. Ilo sthm noKa3aTeaaM a3ep6aii- 
A>KaHUH uuih cpa3y we 3a TaaacHKaMH (3 pa3a), y36eicaMH (2,8), TypKMeHaMH 
(2,7) h KHprH3aMH (2,5) h Bnepe.nn Ka3axoB (2,2), mm yace Me roBopHM 06 apNM- 
Hax, rpy3HHax, pyccKHx, yKparoiuax h ap. 18 3tot pocT — aScojnorao «He eBpo- 
neficKHfi» h noKa3aTejib 3Ha^HTejibHoro TpaaHUHOHajiH3Ma KyabTypu, opneHTa- 
uhh Ha SoJibiuyio ceMbio, MeHtwero uHamtmyanmMi. H sto — noKa3aTejn> 
Toro, hto peajn.Haa KyjibTypa a3ep6aHa»:aHCKOH Maccti 3HaHHTejibHO Sjihjkc 
k icyjibType cpeaHea3HaTCKHx Hapoaos, vzm k KyjibType a3ep6aiiflwaHCKHX co- 
ceaeK — apuutH h rpy3HH huh k pyccKOH KyjibType. 

TaKasi KyjibTypa no npeHMymecTBy — KyjibTypa 6eaHOCTH. H 6eaHOCTb 
a3ep6afijiMcaHCKOH Maccw — pe3KO BMiue pocchhckoh. Ha 100 ropoacKHx ceMefi 
b A3ep6aftnacaHe k nepecrpoeHHOMy BpeMeroi nprocoaHTCJi 35 obcthmx TeJiesn- 
30pOB, b Pocchh — 50, xonoflHJibHHKOB — 9 1 b A3ep6aftflxcaHe h 98 b Pocchh, 
CTHpajibHbix MauiHH — 45 h 82, nbinecocoB — 8 h 31. Ha 100 centCKHx ceMefi 
b A3ep6aiin5KaHe — 5 imeTHbix TeiteBH30pOB, b Pocchh — 11, xoJioaKJibHKKOB — 
81 h 87, CTupankHbix MaaiHH — 23 h 81, nwnecocoB — 8 h 31. Ha 10 000 Hace- 
jieHna — 106 6onbHHHHbix KoeK, b Pocchh — 126, 40 Bpaqea, b Pocchh — 48 19 . 
B crpaHe — KOJioccajibHaji 6e3pa6oTmia, b HeKcrropbix pafioHax — ao 60 npo- 
ueHTOB, H3 KOTopbix 66 — Jinua ao 30 JieT 20 . rpoMaaHbifi noTOK a3ep6afia>KaHu,eB 
ycrpeMJMerca b Pocchio, craHOBHCb HeKBanH<|>HUHpoBaHHMMH pa6oHHMH — 

«JIHMHTHHKaMH» H HOCTCneHHO 3anOJIHJtS pOCCHKCKHe pbHIKH. 

OneHb pa3o6meHH£ui, KoppyMnHpoBaHHaa n pycH^HunpoBaHHaa ajnrra h b 
3HaHHTe^bHOH Mepe TpaaHUHOHajmcTCKHH Hapofl — He HaeanbHoe ccieTaroie 
wis oomeHauHowajiBHoro aBH>iceHHa 3a He3aBHCHMoe rocyaapcTBo. 

TaKHM o6pa30M, xoth npoueccw, uieaniHe b A3ep6aHflJKaHe, Taicace noaro- 
TaBJiHBajiH a3ep6aflaacaHCKyio He3aBHCHMOCTb, KaK h npoueccbi b apyrax pec- 
ny6jraicax, ocoGchhocth KyjibTypbi hx MoaH<{)HUHpoBajiH, h b ueaoM yposeHb 
noaroTOBJieHHOCTH k aBHaceHHio 3a He3aBHCHMocTb h aeMOKpaiHio 6bin, oie- 
bhuho, HH3Ke, qeM b apyrax eBponeficKHx pecny6jiHKax Cow3a. HecMoxpjt Ha 
cboh KyabTypHbifi «noptiB» Havana BeKa (BonpeKH ueH3ype, caenaBiuefi 3a- 
npeTHHMH MHorne BajKneHnrae HMena, see ace 0ica3MBaBuiHH BJiHHHHe Ha co- 
BeTCKHX a3ep6aHa»caHueB) h b KaKofi-TO Mepe npHCyrcTByiomyio b a3ep6aH- 

a>KaHCKOM C03HaHHH H KyjIbTHBHpyeMyiO HeMHOrOHHOIieHHHMH aHCCHaeHiaMH 

h noayaHccnaeHTaMH Tnna Qyaymero npe3naeHTa A6yjib<|ia3a 3abHH6ea (b Te 
BpeMeHa eme A6ynb(|)a3a AjiweBa) naMSTb o nepBOM pecny6nHKe Ha Boctokc, 
A3ep6aHa>KaH Bee ace 6wji He TaK yac aaaeK no cbohm KyjibTypHO-cou.Hajn.HbiM 
ocHosaM ot cpeaHea3HaTCKHx coBeTCKHx pecny6jiHK. IlaMaTb nponiaoM Moraa 
MOflH^HUHpoBarb «cpeaHea3HaTCKHH» nyrb — «Baaoro», 6e3 oco6oro 3HTy3H- 
a3Ma n 6e3 peanbHoro nBumemvi 3a HesaBHCHMocn. HapoaHbix Mace Bbixoaa H3 
CCCP npH nonHOM coxpaHeHHH BJiacTH b pyxax crapoH 3sihtm, — npnaaTt eMy 
cneun^HHecKyio, 6ojiee «eBponeHCTCKyio» OKpacKy. Ho to, 'no Ha caMOM aene 

124 



A3ep6aRAjitaHCKag peBOA WUHa 

npoH3omuo b A3ep6anaacaHe — MouutHoe Hapoanoe aBHaceHHe, CBepaceHne 
crapofl BJiacTH no «KnaccHHecKOMy» peBOJiiouHOHHOMy cueHapHio h noSeaa 
peBOJiiouHOHHoro HauHOHaji-aeMOKpaTMHecKoro ABHJKeHHa, Haeonorna KOTopo- 
ro b rpoMaflHofi Mepe noBTOpajia HaeoJiorHio AJJP, HenpeacTaBHMO 6e3 B03aeft- 
ctbhji MomHoro BHeniHero (Jjajrropa. 



3. ApMHHCKHM KaTaAH3aTOp. Be3MpOB. 

Co3AaHne HapoAHoro OpoHTa 



B peBoniouHOHHyio snoxy A3ep6afiflHcaH BcrynHJi, npoSyameHHUH ot 

«CIMHKH» MOIHHMM TOJIHKOM H3BHC OT apMHH 2 ', BdCTOp HaUHOHaiIH3Ma KOTO- 

pwx, b CHJiy nOHaTHUx HCTOpHKo-KyjibTypHbix npmHH, 6bui HanpaBJieH He 
CTonbKO npoTHB Pocchh h 3a He3aBHCHMOCTb, cicojibKO npoTHB xypoK h a3ep- 
DaFuJKaHucB. 

20.02.1988 roaa apMjmcKOe 6oJibniHHCTBO OSjicoBeTa HKAO (Hapoa- 
HO-Kapa6axcKaa aBTOHOMHaa o6jiacTb) nproraMaeT pe30JiiouHio c TpeSoBaHHa- 
mh nepeaaHK HKAO ApMeHHH, hto cpa3y ace noaaepitcHBaeTca noaaajiaiomHM 

6ojIbUJHHCTBOM apMHHCKOTO 06meCTBa H B ApMeHHH, H B AHaCHOpe, H CTaHO- 

bhtcs «HaiiHOHajitHOH naeefi» apMaH. JJjik noaaBJiaiomero 6ojibuiHHCTBa a3ep- 
SaHflMcaHueB bto Sbino HeoxcHnaHHMM tokom, rpOMOM cpean acHoro He6a. 
27 — 29.02. 1988 roaa 3a 3thm nooneaoBaji hobhh uiok — cyMraHTCKroi norpOM. 
CyMraHT — nepsoe H3 cepHH cTpauiHbix co6mthh coBpeMeHHoR a3ep6a2- 
aacaHCKOH hctophh, pa3o6paTbca b kotopoh npaKTHHecKH hcbo3mo)kho, h6o b 
npoHH3aHHOM He^opMajibHMMH «Ma(|)H03HWMH» cbs3«mh h KoppynuHeii o6me- 
cTBe nonHTHKa b rpoMaanoH Mepe peajibHO aejiaeTca TaHHHMM CHJiaMH, croBO- 
paMH h npoBOKauHAMH h eme Sojibine — HHTepnperHpyeTC« Mepe3 TafiHbie ch- 
jiu, croBopw h npoBOKanHH. Ecjih ao6aBHTb k 3TOMy crpeMJieHHe Mockbh 3a- 
MOJinaTb cyMraHTCKHe co6&rrna, utoSm «ycnoKOHTb» oSmecTBo, CTpeMJieHHe 
apMHH MaKCHManbHO hx pa3ayrb, H3o6pa3HB npoaoroiceHHeM reHOiuw 1915 ro- 
aa, a a3ep6aHflacaHueB — cBaanTt Bee Ha apMSHCKyio npOBOKatuuo, pa3ayB 
TaHHCTBeHHyio pojib oaHoro H3 caMbix aKTHBHbix norpoMniHKOB — cyMrawT- 
cKoro pa6oHero-yrojioBHHKa 3. TpHropaHa 22 , mh aojiacHbi SyaeM npH3H3Tb, hto 
npaBflHBasi Kaprana cyMraHTCKHx co6mthh spaa jih Koraa-HHSyab 6yaeT boc- 
craHOBJieHa. Ho acHO, tto b CyMraHTe B30pBanacb (caMa jih B30pBanacb, hjih 
kto-to 6pocmi cnHHKy) ropKinaa Macca HeaaBHO npH6biBiHHx H3 aepeBHH h 06- 

pa30BaBUIHX HH3M rOpOaCKOFO o6lUeCTBa HOCHTejiefi TpaziHUHOHaJIHCTCKOrO 

C03HaHHa, npHoSpeTaiomero b ropoacKHX ycnoBHax cneuH^HHecKH jiroMnen- 
CKH-KpHMHHajibHbiH ottchok 23 . 3Ta Macca s A3ep6aHA»caHe Swjia ycwjieHa Ha- 
HaBiuHMH npH6biBaTb aecaTKaMH Ttican SotceHuaMH H3 ApMeHHH, KpecTbaHa- 
mh (b OTJiHHHe ot ropoacKoro h HHTejiJiHreHTCKoro apMaHCKoro HaceneHHa 



125 



AmhtphR OVPMAH, Aah AEACOB 



b A3ep6aHflacaHe a3ep6awfl»:aHmj b ApMeHHH 6buiH b ochobhom KpecTbHHe, 
noaBJWBUiaaca Tain asepSafUpKaHCKaa HHTemiHreHUHa nepe6Hpajiacb b A3ep- 
eaiizpKaH), jihiiihbuihmhch Bcero, 0Ka3aBiiiHMHca Bflpyr b 6ojibiiiHX ropoaax, 
He 3HatomHMH, hto aejiaTt, ae3opHeHTHpoBaHHbiMH h 03Jio6neHHHMH . (rio3)Ke 
k hhm npHSaBJiaiOTCS h 6e5KeHUbi H3 HaropHoro Kapa6axa.) 

Ho fle3opHeHTnpoBaHHOCTb, pacTepHHHOCTb, 03flo6JieHHocTb, noii03pH- 
TenbHOCTb h <ryBCTBO oaHHonecTBa HaiHHarox oxBaxwBaTb b 3to BpeM« He 
TOJibKo 6ejKeMueB H3 ApMeHHH h TeMHbie ropoflCKHe hh3m, ho h caMbie iimpo- 
KHe cjioh o6uiecTBa. A3ep6afia)KaHUbi omymaioT ce6a ofcpyaceHHWMH co Bcex 

CTOpOH, 6jTOKHpOBaHHHMH Be3flecyUlHMH apMHHaMH, flHKTyiOmHMH CBOIO BOJIK) 

nyrb jih BceMy MHpy 25 . Ohh nyBCTByiOT, hto He Moryr npo6nTbca k ueHTpaiib- 
hmm cpeflCTBaM MaccoBoS HH<J>opMauHH, cOHyBCTByioiiiHM, Kax h bch poccHH- 
CKaa nHGepaiibHas HHTenjiKreHUHH, apMaHaM («ManeHbKHH xpHCTHaHCKHH Ha- 
pofl, nepexcHBiiiHH, KaK h eBpeH, reHOUHji h MyacecrseHHO Spochbiuhh BH30B 
tcmhmm norpOMiUHKaM — MycyjibMaHaM») h co3flaromHM coBepmeHHO $aHTa- 
cTHnecKyio KapTHHy yrpo3H Hc.iaMCKoro <|iynnaMeHTajiH3Ma b A3ep6aHflH<aHe . 
Ohh BHflsrr, hto ropSaneB 3aHHMaeT KOJieSniomyiocji, HeonpeaeneHHyio no- 

3HUHK), H, eCTeCTBeHHO, OOBSCHHIOT 3TO BJIHSHHCM apMHHCKHX COBeTHHKOB. Bee 

3th omymeHHH HeSecnoHBeHHM, ho npHHHMaKT rnnepSojiiOHpOBaHHyio h 60- 
jie3HeHHyw tjjoptny, Korfla 3a jik)6hmh iijioxhmh coStiTHSMH Hmerrcs apuuiHCKHH 
3arosop, k KOTopoMy 3aTeM npH6aBJiaeTCJi ocymecTBJiaeMaa Toace nepe3 pa3Hbie 
TaftHHe CHJibi, npeayie Bcero KTB, nojiHTHKa «pa3flenafi h BJiacTByH» ueHTpa. 
«3aroBppOMaHHH» CTaHOBHTCH npoHHoii npHHaiuieacHOCTbio a3ep6aH#>KaHCKOH 
nojiHTHHecKOi! KyjibTypbi 27 . H He TOJibKo ropoflCKHe HH3bi, ho h Bee H3MyneH- 
Hoe h H3nepraHHoe a3ep6aHaacaHCKoe o6~mecTBo cTaHOBHTca «nopoxoBbiM no- 

rpe60M», B JH060H MOMeHT rOTOBbIM B30pB3TbCS MaCCOBOH HCTepHKOH. 

B 3tot «pa3BOpomeHHbiH MypaseHHHK» MocKBa HanpaBJiaeT A. Be3Hpoaa. 
riocjie cyiuraHTCKHX co6hthh oh cMeiweT (6biir opraHH30BaH ruieHyM a3ep6afi- 
A>KaHCKoro LQC, flJisi Hero H3 Mockbh npHe3)KaeT E. K. JInraHeB) K. Barnpo- 
Ba — crraBneHHHKa AiraeBa, b 1982 rosy cxaBEiero HJieHOM IIojiht6iopo h ye- 
xaBiuero b MocKBy, a Tenepb snaBiiiero b HeMHnocTb k M. C. TopSaHCBy 28 . 
A. Be3HpOB, b 70-e roabi — nepBtm ceKpeTapb U.K BJIKCM A3ep6aHfl5KaHa, 
3axeM nepBbifi cenpeTapb KHpoBaSaflCKoro paiiKOMa, CTpeMHBiiiHHca CTaTb ceK- 
peTapeM IJK KIIA, ho b hcm-to He nojiaaHBUiHH c T. Ajihcbhm h nepeSpaB- 
uihhch b MoCKBy B U(K BJIKCM, a 3aTeM caenaBiUHH flwuiOMaTHHecKyio Kapb- 
epy, craB cHanana KOHcynoM b KajibKyrTe, 3aTCM nocnoM b IlaKHCTaHe . Oco- 
6oh onopw b 6aKHHCKofl BepxyuiKe y Hero hct. Oh nbiTaexca co3flaTb ee, 
«noHHCTHB» BepXHHH 3uienoH ot aJiHCBCKHX CTaBJieHHHKOB — HaxHHeBaHueB 30 
(KaK AjiHea ocBo6o»majica paHbiue ot axyaaoBCKHX npH6jiHMceHHbix), BOCCTa- 
HaBJiHBaa b napTHH penpeccwpoBaHHbix npn AnHeBe 31 h CTasa Ha KOMaHflHwe 
nocTbi cbohx crapbix apy3eH no KOMCOMOJibCKOH pa6oTe (npH h§m, HanpHMep, 

126 



A3ep6aiu>KaHCKasi peeoAiouns 



npeaceaaxeaeM BepxoBHoro CoBexa exaHOBHxea Shbuihh ceicpexapb UK BKCM 
A3ep6aHfl3caHa 3. Ka<t>apoBa) 32 . Ho nnaBHaa ero onopa Bee ace — Ha MocKBy, 
b rjia3ax kotqpoh oh expeMHxea npeacxaxb SopuoM c Koppynimeft h He HMeio- 

IHHM HHKaKHX aHXHapNWHCKHX HyBCTB HHXepHaUHOHajIHCXOM. 

A. Be3HpoB cxajiKHBaexca b Baicy c xeM, c hsm cxonKHyjiHCb MHOrne pec- 
nySjiHKancKHe napTHHHbie pyKOBoanxeaH b 3tot nepHoa: c 6poxeHHeM cpeaH 
HHTejinwreHUHH h B03HHKHOBeHHeM Hapoanoro OpoHxa — npoueccoM, ycKO- 
peHHWM b A3ep6aHfl)KaHe apMHHCKHM Kapa6axcKHM ABHJKeHHeM h 3aTeM CyM- 
raHTOM. 

HOA BHanajie pa3BHBaaca no KJiaccHMecKoft oSmecoBexcKOH cxeine 33 . 
Tpynna 3HeprHHHHX h HecxojiK>6HBbix MOJioabix HHxejiiiHreHXOB («Kjiy6 6a- 

KHHCKHX yHeHBIX»), a3ep6aiifl3KaHCKHX 3KBHBajieHX0B pOCCHHCKHX C. CxaHKeBH- 

qa, r. CxapOBOHXOBOH h ap. (3. AnH3aae, JI. KDHycoBa, T. TacMMOB, X. TaffacH- 
3aae h ap.), nonyBCTBOBaiuHX b HanHHaEomeBca o6mecoio3HoH aeMOKpaxM3a- 

UHH B03M0HCH0CXH SblCTpOH COIHiajIbHOH Mo6HJIbHOCTH, OnHpajTHCb, KaK H Be3- 

ae, Ha noaaep>KKy MeHee 3HeprHHHbix h 6onee iiojkhjihx, ho oSjiaaaBuiHX 
npoHHbiM cTajycHbiM noJioaceHHeM npeacxaBBxeJieK HHxemiHreHXCKOH MHXbi 
(H. LIlHxnbi, K>. CaMeaorny, M. Apa3, C. PycxaMxaHJibi h ap.), h BCxynHJiH 
b oTHomeHiM «B3aHMHoro noaMHraBaHHa» c nacxbio napxHHHOM BepxyuiKH. Ho 
3tot npouecc, pa3BHBaK>mHHca noa BJTHaHHeM aHajiorHHHbix npoueccoB b apy- 
fhx pecny6JTHKax, npescae Bcero b FIpH6aaxHKe 34 , b coBepmeHHO hhoh Kyab- 
xypHofi h counajTbHOH peanbHOCTH A3ep6aH^)KaHa He Mor npHBecTH k «npH- 
6ajrrHHCKHM pe3yabxaxaM». 

CxaxycHaa HHTennHreHUHH noaaepxcHBaex aBHaceHHe 3aecb 3HaHHxejibH0 
6onee poSso, neiu b ripH6ajiTHKe juih aaace Pocchh. IlapxHHHaa 3JiHxa xaioice He 
BuaBHraeT <j)Hryp xnna rop6aHeBa, EnbUHHa, Epa3aycfcaca, Proiixejia, Top6yHO- 
aa. H oflHOBpeMeHHO 3aect Ha yjiHuu Bbixoaax tojhim, cocxoamne M3 cobcow 
HHoro «MeJiOBeMecKoro Maxepwanaw, neM «aeMOicpaxHHecKHe xonnbi» b Mockbc 
huh IlpHSajiTHKe, 3HaHHTeJibHO 6onee xeMHbie h ckjiohhwc B3pHBaxbca 6yHxa- 
mh h 3HaHHteabHO MeHee roTOBbie k ynopaaoneHHbiM, opraHH30BaHHHM aeficx- 
bhjim. 3aecb HHaa 3Jinxa h HHaa TOJina, h y 3toh 3hhtki 3toh xojiiioh ynpaBaaxb 
He nonynaexca (oHa ino»cex jwuib b KpHXHHecKHe MOMeHTbi nwxaxbca KaHann- 
3HpoBaTb 6yHTapcKyio 3HeprHK> 3toh Tonnbi b OTHocHxenbHO 6e3onacnoe ana 
Hee pycao 6opb6bi c apMaHaMH). IIpH 3xom neM 6oaee 3bhoh exaHOBHxea «nae- 
6eHCKHH» h 6yHxapcKHti xapaKxep Bbimeauinx Ha yjiHUbi xoan, xeM 6oaee po6- 
koh cxanoBHXca 3a«xa. HapoaHo<|)poHxoBCKoe aBH>KeHHe, B03HHKaiomee no 
npH6airrMHCKOH MoaeaH h 3aHMCXBOBaBuiee npwSaJixHHCKyio aeKCHKy, cpa3y ace 
HaHHHaex 3BoaiouHOHHpoBaxb b hhom, a3ep6aHaacaHCKOM HanpaBneHHH. 

Xapacxep BbiimecHyBuiHxca Ha yjiHUbi xonn, b KOxoptrx bcS 66aburyio poab 
HaqHHarox Hrpaxb GeaceHuw H3 ApMeHHH, cxan oieBHfleH c nepBoro 3Ke oSuie- 
6aKHHCKOro MHXHHra 16 Maa 1988 roaa. Cxaao acHO, hxo opHeHXHpyiouiHeca Ha 

127 



AMHTpHH OVPMAH, Aah ABACOB 



npH6ajiTHfiCKyto Moaenb JinSepajibi H3 «6aKHHCKHX yneHbu» He Moryr Haft™ 
c 3thmh .mo,a&MH oSmero M3WKa (MHoraa — b SyKBajibHOM CMbicjie cnoBa: mho- 
rae npeflcrraBHTejiH HHTejumreHUHH ruioxo 3HaioT poanofl h3hk). Hm 6jiHace He 
3. AJiH3aae, cbih flByx npo<}>eccopoB, hjih npeKpacHo roBopsmaa no-pyccKH, mo 
iuioxo no-a3ep6aHnacaHCKH JI. HDHycoBa, a bxoahbuihh b opraHH3au,HK> «Bap- 
jiwr» («BoraTCTBO») (co6ctbchho, He opraHH3aunio, a KpyacoK HeonpeflejieHHOH 
HanpaBJieHHOCTH, coneTaiomHH Hirrepec k oxpane npHpoaw h hctophh h na- 
MaTHHKaM crapHHw), BOo6me He roBOpaiUHH no-pyccicn, ho HMeioiiiHH npe- 
KpacHbifi KOHTaKT c TOJinoH MOJioflofl pa6oHHH 3aBOfla hm. UlMHflxa H. riaHa- 
xob, KOToporo 3. Auma^e HajBan «nHflepoM nepBo6uTHoo6mHHHoro yKJiana» 35 . 
Oh npoH3HocHT peHH o tom, hto ecnH a3epoafiaacaHUfci 3axoTST, ohh cuejiaioT 
BTopofi ApapaT H3 apMSHCKHx rojiOB, h no ero npH3HBy: «Kto He apMHHe — 
BCTati.» una «Kto He apMJine — cecTb» BCTaeT h caflHTca bch MHoroTbicstHHaa 
luiomazib. JlnQepajiaM yaaerca npeaoTBpaTHTb b Hione 1988 roaa Ha3HaHeHHyio 
naHaxoBuaMH 3a6acTOBKy (hx anrraTopbi xoast no 3asoaaM h npocsnr He 6acxo- 

BaTb), HO KOHTpOJIHpOBaTb MHTHHTOByK) CTHXHH) OHH He MOryT. 

Mhthhiti pa3ropaK»Tca b Mae-HKrae, 3aTeM HacTynaeT HeKOTopoe 3aTHiube, 
ho 1 7 Hoa6pa (nocjie nostBJieHHH b «BaKHHCKOM pa6oneM» 3a 1 3 Hoa6pa CTaTbH 
«3ob TonxaHH», nie roBopnirocb, hto apMsme b KapaSaxe yHHHTOHcaioT 3ano- 
bcjhlih nee TonxaHH, rae, Bpoae 6m, CKpbiBancs b CBoe BpeMH BaocK h rue ko- 
raa-TO 6bmn pacnojioisceHbi nyiiiKH Kapa6axcKoro xana, HanpaBJieHHbie npOTHB 
BparoB («Ton» no-a3ep.6aHiPKaHCKH — «nyniKa») ohh bo3o6hobjdhotcs h wxyr 
npaKTHHecKH He nepecTasaji — nacTb jnofleft ocTaerca nepea 3flaHHeM floMa 
IlpaBHTejn.CTBa Ha hohb. OpraHH3yeTca nirraHHe MHTHHryromHX, b neM noTOM 
A. Be3HpoB o6bhhht «KoppyMnHpoBaHHbix aejibijoB xeHeBOH 3kohomhkh» h 
nporHaHHMx hm ajHieBCKHX HaxKHesaHCKHX CTaBJieHHHKOB. 5 fleKa6pa BOHCKa 
pa3roHaioT ocxaBiiiHXCH Ha ho«u> MHTHHryiomHx, h b ropoae Ha HeKOTopoe Bpe- 
ms BBoaHTca KOMeHflaHTCKHH nac 3S . H. IlaHaxoB k psw apynix jiHflepOB apeexo- 
BbiBaroxca (BHirycTHJiH hx tojimco BecHoS h neroM 1989 roija). 

JlH6eparibi H3 «Kny6a yneHbix» noHHMaroT, hto nonyHHTb peanbHyio Mac- 
coByio 6a3y ohh MoryT, jiniub BCTynHB b cokb c hhmmh CHiiaMH, couHajibHO 
h KyjiLTypHO nyamwMH hm, ho HMeiomHMH SojibuiHH nCHXonorHiecKHH koh- 
xaKT c HapoiiHbiMH HH3aMH, B KOHue 4>eBpaiia — Hanane.MapTa 1989 roaa Hhh- 
u,HaTHBHaji rpytina no C03aaHHK> H<&A (opraHH3oeaHHaa «Kjry6oM SaKHHCKHx 
yHeHwx» neTOM 1988 roaa) BcrynaeT b coraameHHe c «BapjiwroBuaMH» h co3aa- 
er BpeMeHHbifi HHHUHaxHBHbiH uemp h Koop,iHHannoHHtifi cobct HOA H3 10 ne- 
jiOBeK, no 5 or Kaxmoii rpynnH. JlHSepanu HaneEOTca, hto hx 6onbinaa KyjibTypa 
h 3JiHrapHbie CB33H no3BOJWT hm AOMHHHpoBaTb b H<DA. OflHaKo Ha nepByro 
poJib b H^A BbuiBHraeTCx nejioseK, ncnxonorHHecKH h KyjibTypHO He npHHa^- 
jieacamKH k 6aKHHCK0H HHTejinnreHUHH, no 3Toro aepacaBuiKHCs HecKonbKO 
oco6hhkom h He BxoaHBinHH hh b «KJry6 yneubixv, hh b «Bapnwr» — Qyaymim 

128 



A3ep6aiHAJKaHCKaa peBOAK>UHn 

npe3KfleHT A3ep6aH^xaHa A6yjib<J»a3 Ajihcb, iiphhhbiiihh 3aTeiu TK>pKH3Hpo- 
BaHHyio <J)aMHJiHK>-nceBiioHHM — 3jii>HH6eH. 

A. 3;ibHH6eH (1938 — 2000) — boctokobch, apaSHCT, KaHflHaaT Hayic, 3aum- 
thbiiihh flHCcepTaiiHio no HCTopHH cpeflHeBeKOBoro ErHirra. OzwaKO b Kyjib- 
xypHOM h counajibHOM iuiaHe oh craeHb OTJiH^anca ot «6aKHHCKHX yneHHx». 

3TO — BblXOflea H3 HaXHTOBaHCKOH flepeBHH, C CHJIbHHMH H npOHHBIMH aepe- 

BeHCKHMH KopiwMH, He OHeHb xopomo roBopsmiHfi no-pyccKH. B 1975 76 ro- 

Aax A. 3jii,HH6eH CHfleji b TiopbMe 3a HaiiHOHajiHCTHHecKyro aHTHCOBeTCKyio 
flejrrejibHOCTb, nocjie 3Toro pafiOTan b HHcrmyre pyKonwceH AH A3ep6afia)KaHa. 
Haeojioraa A. 3:n,HH6ea CTponnacb Ha ocHOBe, 3aaaHHo8 MycaeaTHCTCKOH pec- 
ny6iiHKOH — coneTaHHH crpacTHoro naHTK>pKH3Ma h 3anaaHHiecTBa. XoponmB 
opaTop (Ha a3ep6aHfljKaHCKOM jOMice), oh 3aBopawHBaji toueih penaMH o th6- 
HymeH HMnepHH, bcjihkom tk>pkckom Hapofle h o tom, hto eaiiH 6m He Sojibiue- 
bhkh, yHHHTO)KHBUiHe ATJP, A3ep6aitipKaH CTaii 6w He MeHee 6ora T biM, neM 
KysefiT, h He MeHee CBo6oflHbiM, neM C1I1A hjih OpaHUHa 37 . 

«3JibHH6eeBCKHK» THn aeMOKpaxHiecKOH a3ep6aRaacaHCKOH HHTejuiHreH- 
uhh nepBoro noKOJieHHH, BbixofliieB m aepeBHH, coneTaiomHx crrpacTHbiH 

nopKCKHH HauHOHajiH3M c naeHHHM «3anaaHHqecTBOM» (h onHOBpeineHHo 

3anacTyio c nojiHofi Hecnoco6HOcxbio WHTb h fleficTBOBaTb «no 3anaaHWM npa- 
BHJiaM»), CTaHOBHTCS flOMHHHpyWUIHM b H<J>A, orrecHHa HaH6ojiee pyCH$HUH- 
poBaHHyio h eBponeH3HpoBaHHyio nacTb SaioiHCKHx jiwSepanoB. 

16 mora 1989roaa Ha nojryrioflnojibHOH YHpez!HTejH,HOH KOH^epeHUHH 
HOA A. 3jib^H6eH H36HpaeTC5r npeaceaaTejieM 3X0h opraHH3auHH. Ha stoh ace 
KOH^epeHUHH npHHHMaeTca oneHb BaacHoe nocTaHOBJieHHe o tom, hto b HOA 
peinenna BwuiecToamHx opraHOB HMeiOT jmiub peKOMeHflaTenbHbiH xapafcrep. 
Hct>A nocTeneHHO npeBpamaexca b flOBOJiwio ainopcpHyio (J)eflepauHK> MecxHbix 
opraHH3auHH, aeHCXByiouwx Ha cboh cipax h pHCK. 3th HH30Bbie opraHH3auHH, 
B03rj]aBJMeMbie cenbCKOH h paHOHHofi HHTemiHreHUHeH, HepejKo npeacxaBjw- 
jih co6oh npocTO He^oBOJibHHe mccthoh BnacTbto rpynnu (hto nacTo 6mjio 
cBoaHo c conepHH^ecTBOM MecTHwx poacTBeHHbix rpynnHpoBOK), npoB03rna- 
maBuiHX ce6s HOA. «PsAOBbiMH» ace HOA 6ujih roobi a3ep6afUwaHCKoro 
o6mecxBa, «o6e3aojieHHbie h 6e3pa6oTHbie», cpejiH KOTopux oco6oB aKTHBHO- 
cibio OTJiHHajiHCb SeaceHuw 3 *. 

B HHBape 1990 roaa BnacTb b HOA OKOHHaxenbHO nepexoflm: k 3jitHn6e- 
eBCKori rpynnHpOBKe, KOTOpan 3a6annoTHpOBajia Ha Bbi6opax b npaBJieHHe 
chhiukom paflHKanbHoro h «HeKOHTpoJiHpyeMOro» H. flaHaxoBa h oaHOBpe- 
MeHHO H36aBHnacb h ot caMwx aKTHBHbix npeacTaBHTeJieii 6aKHHCKOH Jin6e- 
panbHOH rpynnapoBKH, Jinaepbi KOTOpofi 3. AjW3aae h JI. K>Hycosa 7.01.1990 ro- 
aa yxoflHT H3 HO A h C03flaK)T cbokj CouHaji-aeMOKpaTHnecKyio rpynny, 3aTeM 
craBiiryio napTHefi. 



5—772 129 



Amhtphh OVPMAH, Aah ABACOB 



4. HepHbiH HHBapb. naAemie Be3npoBa 

KaK 3. AJHmae h JI. JOHycoBOii He noayHaeTca BbinoaHHTb counajibHyio 

pOJIb pOCCHHCKHX CTaHKeBHHefi, a<t>aHaCI»eBHX, CTapOBOHTOBblX HJIH 3CT0HCKHX 

caBHcaapOB, Tan h A. Be3HpoBy He cyacaeHO 6hjio curpaTb ponb Baasca mjih 
Epa3aycKaca. y*e nepBaa ero nonbmca bhhth k Hapoay, BbicrynHB 13 hiohb Ha 
MHTHHre nepea 3aaHHeM ^oms IIpaBHTeabCTBa, npHHecaa eMy npoBaa. Bbi- 
cTynjieHHe ero 6hjio nyraHbiM, a a3biK — HespasyMHTejibHWM, h6o no-a3ep- 
SaHflHcaHCKH oh roBopmi naoxo. Ero ocBHCTaaa. 3aBoeBaxb nonyjiapHOCTb oh 
He MOJKeT — ero aeMOHCTpauHH Ka3eHHoro HHTepHaunoHanH3Ma BM3bisajiH Ha- 
cineuiKH; b Hapoae ero Ha3biBaan Be3HpaHOM, a C. ApyrioHaHa, nepBoro ceiqpe- 
Taps KOMnapTMH ApMeHHH, c KOTopwM oh nacro noHBJisncs BMecxe, — Maaaiu 

BC3HpOBOH. 

nocjie Heyaa^HOH nonbmcH o6paTHTbca k Toane MHTHHryiotiinx A. Be3n- 
poB 6ojibine k co6npaiomeMyca Ha mhthhth Hapoay He BbixoaHT h perHCTpHpo- 
BaTb HO A ynopHO 0TKa3biBaerca, a b KOHue 1988 roaa aaace haSt Ha pa3rOH 
MHTHHryiouiHx BOMCKaMH (o neM Mbi y>Ke roBopiuiH). Ho noereneHHO CHTyauna 
MeHaerca. 

B SHBape 1989 roaa MocKBa co3flaeT Komhtct oco6oro ynpaBJieHHa 
HKAO (KOV") bo raaae c A. Bojibckhm. Bnaqaae A3epoafiflacaH npHBercTByet 
co3flaHHe KOY, ho 3aTeM 3aecb BanHHaiOT noHHMarb, hto HKAO yxoam 
H3-noa 6aKHHCKoro KOHxpoaa. Be3HpoBy Haao hto-to aeaaTb, hto6h OKOHHa- 
TejibHO He npeBpaTHTbca bo «Bpara ceoero Hapoaa», ho y Hero HeT HHKaKHx 
pbinaroB aaBaemia — hh mouihom anacnopbi, KaK y apMHH, hh coiyBCTBHa 3a- 
naaa h jiH6epajibHOH pocchmckoh HHTeJuiwreHUHH, KaK oraTb-TaKH y apMHH h y 
npH6aJiT0B. EflHHCTBeHHoe cpeacrBO aaBaeHita, kotopmm oh pacnonaraeT — 
3to KaK pa3 to BH3biBaK»mee y Hero cTpax Hapoanoe ABtraceHHe, KOTopoe b ae- 
Ka6pe oh nonbrranca noaaBHXb chjioh. Tojibko CTpax nepea TeM, <rro A3ep6afi- 
jpsaH MoaceT B3opBaTbca, cnoco6eH noSyaHTb uenxp, Ha KOTopbift oKa3HBaeTCa 
CHnbHeiiiiiee aaBaeHHe b noab3y ApweHHH, k KaKHM-TO aeficTBiMM no 3amHTe 
a3ep6aHflwaHCKoro cyBepeHHxera b HKAO. TaKHM o6pa30M, Be3HpoBy He ocra- 
eTca HHnero hhoto, KaK HaMHHaxb «Hrpy c orHeM», BbinycKarb H3 6yTbuiKH 
HSKHHa, KOToporo oh caM CTpauiHTCa. 

29 HKJJia, 5 h 12 asrycTa b BaKy CHOBa npoxoaax rpOMaflHbie mhthhth, 

KOTOpbIM BJiaCTH He npeiWTCTByiOT. OcHOBHbie TpeQoBaHHJl JIHKBHflaUlia 

KOY, npHHHine 3aKOHa o cyBepeHHTeTe, aHHyjinposaHHe BbiSopoB HapoaHbix 
flenyraTOB CCCP ot A3ep6afcpKaHa, npoiueauinx, ecrecTBeHHO, coBepuieHHo 
HeaeMOKpaTHHHO h aaBiiiHx aeaeraunio, peryaaptjo nacyromyio nepea apMana- 
mh, OTMena «oco6oro nonoaceHHaw h KOMeHaaHTCKoro naca, perncTpamM 
H<PA. Ha 14 asrycTa o6-bHBJieHa 3a6acTOBKa. B 3tot aeHb, BbiCTynaa no Teae- 
BHaeHHio, ceicpeTapb EK T. OpyaaceB npH3biBaeT k flHaaory M e>Kay EK h H*A. 

130 



A3ep6aHA3KaHCKa« peBOAiouna 



HaiHHaioTca neperoBopbi c MenymHMca, He 3HaE0tQHM, hto aenarb, A. Be3Hpo- 
BtiM, hh k ieMy He npHBe/miHe. 

Meatfly TeM H3BHe, m ApMeHHH h Kapaoaxa, nayr Bee HOBbie tojihkh, 
He flaiomHe B36yaopaaceHHOMy a3ep6afLnjKaHCKOMy o6mecTBy ycnoKOHTbca, 
noflJiHBaiomHe Macjia b oroHb. 16aBrycTa npoBOflHTca ci,e3a nojiHOMOHHbix 
npeflCTaBHTenefl apMSHCKoro HacejieHHa HKAO, 3aaBJisK>meH o tom, hto oh 
He npH3Haer npeSbmaHHe HKAO b cocTaBe A3ep6aflAKaHa. 3to npoHCxoaHT 
b ycjioBHax Bpoae 6m ynpaBJierow KOY, hto, ecrecxBeHHo, HHTepnpeTHpyeTca 
TaK: KOY — npocTo npHKpbirae asm apMSHCKOH aHHeiccHH. 

21 — 22aBrycTa b A3ep6afiaacaHe npoxoflHT flByxAHeBHaa npeaynpeiw- 
TenbHaa 3a6acxoBKa. 10 ceHTagpa no TejieBHaeHHio JiHaepti HOA coo6maioT 
o aocTHrHyrott aoroBopeHHOCTH o npoBeaeHHH ceccHH BC c ynacTHeM 
npeacTaBHTejieS HOA (eme He 3aperHCTpHpOBaHHoro) no Bonpocy o KOY, 
m 1 1 cenraSpfl 3a6acTOBKa KOHHaexca (KpoMe SjioKa^H »cejie3HojiopoacHOH bct- 
kh b ApMeHHio). Ceccna BC OTKpwBaeTca 15 aBryCTa. B BbicTyimeHHax Hapofl- 
HO<J>poHTOBueB 3By^aT y*e otkpmto «aHTHCOK)3Hbie» BbicKa3biBaHna 39 , h cec- 
cna, HecMOTpa Ha npHMHpHTe^bHbie penn, BbirjiaaamHe b cBeTe rrocneiryiomHx 
co6hthh npocTo komhhho (ikot E. Baxa63aae: «...CjieflyeT He npoTHBono- 
CTaBnaTi. H<t> napTHH, a BHfleTb b He*M ee noMouiHHKa»; Ha6H Xa3pw, npeaceaa- 
Tejit npe3HAHyMa A3ep6aitipKaHCKoro oSmecTBa apy3K6bi h KyubTypHbix csa- 
3efi: «nocneflHHe mhthhi-h aaioT npaBO 3a«BHTb, hto Ham Hapoa OBnaaen Kyjib- 
Typofi hx nposeiieHHH»), HaeT jepaKHe 6ypHO, h6o A. Be3HpoB pe30JiK>unH 
c xoaaTaHCTBOM o JiHKBHflauHH KOY 6ohtc3, npeanaraa npocnxb JiHim. 06 ero 
ycoBepuieHCTBOBaHHH, a nimepbi H<DA yrpoTKaioT 3a6acTOBKoii h oahh pa3 aa- 
ace noECHHyjiH 3aceaaHHe. B KOHue kohuob, b HOHb c 15 Ha 16 ceHTsgpa npHHH- 
MaeTca nocTanoBJieHHe o KOY, KOTOporo floGHBaerca UOA. (KOY, KoxopbiM 
6hjih HeaoBOJibHH h a3ep6aH4»;aHUbi, h Kapa6axcKHe apM»He, 6hji jihkbhahpo- 
BaH BC CCCP 28 Hoa6pa.) H TOJibKO nocjie Bcero 3Toro, 5 OKTaSpa, Hd>A pe- 
rHCTpMpyeTCa. 

3th aeMOHCTpauHH 6ecCHJina pyKOBoacTBa h OTcyTCTBiw y Hero KaKOH-jw- 
6o HeTKoii uojihthkh npHBoaar k TOMy, hto BJiacTb HaiHHaeT yxoflHTb H3 pyK 
A. Be3HpoBa h L[K, tcm SoJiee hto ApiueHHa He aaeT Be3HpOBy h a3ep6afi- 
AJKaHuaM nepeztuuiKH, 1 aeKaSpa 1989 roaa oSiabhb o npncoe,HHHeHHH HKAO. 
BnacTH nbtTaiOTCa KaHajiH30BaTb BbiruiecKHBaiomyioca HapojiHyio 3neprnK> 
b pycno 6opb6bi jiHuib 3a Kapa6ax, Haa b aHBape Ha co3flaHHe CoseTa Hauwo- 
HajibHofi o6opoHbi, Kyaa bxoaht paa Hapoano^poHTOBCKHX aeaTenefi — 
A. 3nbHH6eH, 3. MaMeaoB, P. Ka3HeB, h npoBojia 3anncb b oxpaflbi ao6poBOJib- 
ueB, hto HHUib ycyry6jiaeT anapxHto. B aHBape b A3ep6afia>KaHe npaKTHnecKH 
npOHCxoflHT HeHTo cpeflHee Me»my peBOJitoaHeK h npocxo xaocoM. B Eaxy HayT 
HecKOHHaeMbie mhthhfh, h BnacTb 3^ecb y«ce He b pynax L[K, xots h eme' He b 
pyxax H<t>A. B HaxuneBaHH HapOflHo<{>poHTOBUbi npopbrnaioT rocyaapcTBeHHyio 

131 



AmwtphR cpyPMAH, Aah AEACOB 



rpaHHuy c HpaHOM, a b pane paKoHOB — b flacenajia6a>ie h HewcopaHH — Mecr- 
Hue oraeJieHHH HOA npocTO 6epyr BJiacTb KJiaccHHecKH peBOJirouHOHHbiM ny- 
TeM — K3rHaB MecTHbie KTE h pafiKOMti. KaK h ecTecTBeHHo b TaKofi CHTya- 
u.hh, b A3ep6aitn>KaHe nacTO opraHH3aum!Mn HOA o6bsibj!S[K)t ce6a MecTHbie 
noJiyMa({)H03HHe rpynnHpOBKH. 

B 3toh cHHTyauHH H.HHBapH HaHHHaioTCH 6aKKHCKHe norpoMti apMSH. 
B tom, hto b oScTaHOBKe aHapxHH h npH CKonjieHHH b EaKy 6eaceHueB H3 
ApineHMH, He HMeromHx wHJita h c 3aBHCTbio B3HpaiomHX Ha Ksaprapbi 6ora- 
tbix ap\«iH, bo3hhkjih norpOMbi, HHHero npoTHBoecTecTBeHHoro HCT. Ho, KaK H 
b cyiwraHTCKHX co6hthhx, 3flect Towe HMenacb Momnaa «noflBOflHas nacTb 
aiic6epra». flna SoJibiiiHHCTBa a3ep6aitn5KaHueB 6aKHHCKHH norpoM, Koxoporo 
pyKOBOflCTBO HOA, 6e3ycjioBHO, He xoTejio h aa»ce opraHH30Bano cnaceHHe 
apikMH (xots h co3iiajio 6jiaronpH«THyio anx ero B03HHKHOBeHHH ncHxojiorHne- 
CKyio oScTanoBKy Ha MHTHHrax HG>A, Ha KOTOpbix 6onbiiryK> ponb HrpajiH 6e- 
jKeHUbi H3 ApineHHH, nepHOHHHecKH noHBJianHCb, cpbiBariHCb h noasjuuiHCb 

BHOBb CflHCKH apNWHCKHX KBapTHp), 3TO KarsSsiUHO-MOCKOBCKO-apMHHCKafl 

npoBOKauHfl. PaccKa3biBaioT o TaHHCTBeHHbix xopouio oaeTbix nroasx c aapeca- 
mh apiwrn, npeaBoaHTejibCTBaBuiHx norpoMiuHKaMH. Hto 3aecb ot npoBOKauHH 

H Hbfl OHa — CK33aTb HeB03MO)KHO, HO TO, HTO MHJIWUHfl H BHyrpeHHHe BOHCKa, 

HMeBUiHe nojiHyio BO3M0»cHOCTb npecenb norpoMbi, 6e3aeHCTB0BajiH (okojio 
40 twc. coJiaar h o<£nuepoB BHyrpeHHHX bohck HaxoamiHCb b caMOM EaKy h He 
BMeuiHBajiHCb b xoa coSmthh aaiKe npn o6pameHHH k hhm 3a noMombio) — 
3T0 4>aKT. 

r^ajiee coSmths pa3BHBanHCb eme Sojiee CTpauiHO h oaHOBpeMeHHO — 
npeaejibHO Heneno h npHHyflJiHBO. K 15 HHBapa apMWH b EaKy y*ce He ocra- 

JlOCb — SoJIbUIHHCTBO MX 6bIJ10 3BaKyHp0B3H0 HapOflHO^pOHTOBCKHMH OTpafla- 

mh. B 3tot ace aeHb no«BJisieTca YKa3 IIpe3HflHyMa BC CCCP «06 oGtflBneHKH 
Hpe3BbmafiHOro nojiosteeHiw b HKAO h HeKOTOpbix flpyrux pafioHax». YnoMH- 
HaHwe «apyTHx paSoHOB» 3acTaBJumq jryMaTb o EaKy, ho npHMO EaKy yKa3aHO 
He 6bLuo. He BHecno acHOcra h npHSbiTHe b EaKy 1 5 aHBapa npHinaKOBa h Th- 

peHKO, BCTpeHaBUIHXCfl C pyKOBOflCTBOM — H napTHHHbIM, h HapoaHocJ)poHTOB- 

ckhm. Bpoae 6bi ohh 3aBepsuiH, hto B EaKy Hpe3BbiHaHHoro noJioaceHHa He 6y- 
asj, hto h 6bino c hx cjiob o6bSBneHO nepBbiM ceKpeTapeM EaKHHCKOro ropKo- 
Ma M. MaMeflOBHM h 3aB. oxaejiOM 1JK A. flaiimaMHpoBMM. no apyrHM 
CBeaeHH«M, E. npmviaKOB CKa3aii 3. MaMeaoBy, hto H<DA totobht 3axBaT BJia- 
cth h «mh He aonycTHM 3TOro j:k)6oh ueHOH» 40 . MesKAy TeM HOA 6jiOKHpyeT 
HacKopo h ruioxo BoopyjKeHHbiMH nHKeTaMH Ka3apMbi h noflxoflH k ropofly, 
hto, oneBHflHO, aejrajiocb He cranbKO flJia peanbHoro conpOTHBJieHHa, CKOJibKO 
b pacneTe Ha to, hto uemrp He peuiHTca nponHTb Kposb («t6hjihcckhh chhapom» 
He no3BOHHT BJiacTH eme pa3 npHMeHHTb opyacwe npOTHB HaceneHHa), a nocjie 
3Toro moskho SyaeT CKa3aTb, hto oh Hcnyrancs nepcneKTHBbi repoHneCKoro 

132 



■__ Agepgafl^KaHCKaM pee oAioiimi 

conpOTHBJieHHH. TeM He Meiree 19aHBapa nojEBJiHerca YKa3 ripe3HflHyMa BC 
CCCP «0 BBeaeHHH Hpe3BbiiaHHoro nonoaceHHa b ropoae SaKy» c nacoB 
b HOHb c 19-ro Ha 20-e. Ho b 3tot ace aenb b 7 HacoB Benepa TanHCTBeHMaa h tor 
HHKeM h He ycTaHOBJieHHaa rpynna jihu (a3ep6aft,zpKaHu;bi CHHTarox — KTE hjih 

rPY) npOH3BOJTHT B3pbIB B SaKHHCKOM TeJieueHTpe, BblBCmUHH T&neBimeHHe H3 
CTpOfl. Il03T0My BOHCKa BXOJJWT B EaKy, KOTOpblH HHHerO He 3HaeT O Hpe3BW- 

MafiHOM nojioweHHH h KOMeHflaHTCKOM nace, npHieM — paHtuie (JiopMantHoro 
naca BBeaeHwa Hpe3BbmaHHoro nojioaceHHS (ne b nacoB, a b 10 *iacoB senepa), 
a o Mpe3BbinaHHOM noJioaceHHH 6mjjo o6-bHBJieHO no paano tojibko b 7 nacoB 
yrpa. BnocjieacTBHH komhcchx no paccneflOBamno co6hthh BepxoBHoro Co- 
BeTa A3ep6afiaa<aHa HHTepnpe™pyeT 3to cjieayiouiHM o6pa30M: «...BpeMa 
o6wiBJieHHH b EaKy Hpe3Bt>mHHoro nonoweniw h B-Beaemw KOMeHflaHTCKoro 
naca CKpbmajiocb ot napoaa, h aejiauocb Bee, qroSbi 3th aicuHH 3acTajiw 6aKHH- 
ueB BpacnJiox» . Bboji bohck conpoBoacaajica KpaHHeH *ecTOKOCTbio — cTpe- 
jwjih no jik>6oh aBHJKymenca MiirneHH h npocTO no tcmhwm nepeyjiKarw h ok- 
HaM aOMOB. K MOMeHTy o6T,HBJieHHJ! no paflno ipe3BbraaHHoro nojrc»KeHHa ya<e 
6buio ySwro 82 HenoeeKa, b ooJibiiiHHCTBe csoeM HHKaKoro OTHoaieHHJi k nHKe- 
TaM He HMeBuiHx. riocne 3Toro nora6jiH eme 21 HejioBeK. H3 82 TpynoB no- 
th6uihx ot oraecxpejibHbix paneHHH y 44 BxoflHbie 0TBepdna ot nyjib — Ha 

OTHHe, 6bWH H 3aK0J10Tbie IUTblKaMH B CHHHy. 

Komhcchs BepxoBHoro CoBeTa A3ep6afim>KaHa yTBepjuaaeT, *rro 3Ta aKUHH 
«6bma co3HaxejibHo cimamipoBaHa h uhhhhho ocymecTBjieHa KaK KapaxejibHaa 
aKuns h HMexia ueJibio jjaTb HarjwaHbin ypoK ycTpameHiw jjBHJKeHHSM 3a He3a- 
BHCHMOCTb b A3ep6aHfl3KaHe h Apyrax pecrrygjiHKax CoBeTCKoro Coio3a». 
B KaKofi-TO Mepe, oqeBHUHO, TaK h 6buio. UeHTpy, KOHeHHo, hjokho 6mjio npo- 
aeMOHCTpHpoBaTb cmiy h peuiHMocTb, h oh He cnyHaiiHO Bbi6pan (co3HarejibHo 
hjih nonyco3HaTejibHo) A3ep6afin>KaH KaK «cjia6oe 3BeH0» — cipany, o koto- 
poK MHp HH^ero He 3HaeT, KpOMe toto, mto TaM acHByr npHTeciwiomHe apumn 
MycyjibMaHe h OHa psjiOM c HpaHOM h nosTOMy Ha Hee MOJKeT nepeKHHyTbCfl 
crpauiHaa ncjiaMCKaa peBOjnoiura. Ho Bee *e npeysejiH^HBaTb cTeneHb co3Ha- 
TejibHOCTH 3toh aKUHH, Ha Ham B3riwfl, He cueayeT. 

B ApMeHHH h A3ep6afiA>KaHe paccKa3b!BaK>T hctophh npo oflHoro pyKO- 
BoaHTena H3 uempa, KOTopbifi, oSpamaacb k apMHHaM, roBopwn: «fla KaK sto 
bw, flsa Mycy^bMancKHX Hapoaa, He MosKTe aoroBOpHTbcaw 42 . 3tot aHeK^OT, 
na Ham B3num, b KaKoH-TO Mepe npojiHBaer cBer Ha KpOBaBbie 6aKHHCKHe co- 
6hthh. He xojibKo MHp b uejioM, oSmecTBeHHoe MHeHHe Ha 3anaae h b Pocchh, 
ho h ueHTp Hinen caMoe CMyTHoe npeaCTaBJieHwe o tom, hto npowcxoflHT b 
A3ep6aitgacaHe, h HHKaKHe OTHeTbi HHKaKHX KTE HHiero npHHUHnnanbHO 
3flecb H3MeHHTb He motjih, h6o KTE MoweT cooSmHTb, hto CKa3an A hjih E, ho 
He MOaceT aaTb o6myio HHTepnpeTauHio, KOTopaa h y hluchob IIojiht6jopo cicna- 
flbmajiact CKopee H3 npeccu. Bot KocBeHHOe noaTBepnyieHHe 3toto. EbiBuiHfl 

133 



AMKTpHii tpyPMAH, Aah AEACOB 



SjiHacaSiuHM iiomoiiihhkom rop6aneBa A. C. ^epHaeB, HeaoBeK oneHb HH^op- 
MHpoBaHHHM, nHiueT b cbohx MeMyapax o co6hthsx KOHua 1988 roaa: «B EaKy 
crranH ace^b ETPbi, flaace TaHKH, y6HJin asyx pyccKHX ccoiaaT, no yjinuaM xoflaT 
c 3e:ieHbiMH (JmaraMH, nopipeTaMH XomcKhh, 30ByT ycnpoHTb „CyMraHT" una 
Bcex apMHH b A3ep6aHfl»caHe» 43 . npecnoByme nopTpe™ Xomchhh h 3eneHbie 
4>narn, HHHero He roBopflmne o nonHTHiecKHX HacTpoeHHax b A3ep6afia>KaHe, 
noaBHHHCb b ueHTpanbHOM npecce h npoHHo 3acejra b co3HaHHH jnoaeft, Hajio- 
jKHBUiHCb Ha o6pa3bi xoMeHHHCTCKOH peBOJiiouHH h eme 6onee rjiySoKHe o6pa- 
3bi «MycyjibMaHCKoro <|>aHaTH3Ma». Mohcho jih cnirraTb co3HaTenbHbiM peiue- 
Hwe, npHHSToe Ha ocHOBaHHH TaKOH HH4>opMaunH, npeaocTaBnaeM cyjiHTb 
HHTaTenio. 

KpoMe xoro, b 3tot nepnoa, HenocpeflCTBeHHO npeaniecTByioLUHH pacnany 
CCCP, rocyaapcTBeHHaa MauiHHa pa6oTana Bee 6anee HppauHOHanbHo. 06- 
CToaxejibCTBa BBO.ua bohck Jierne o6T>acHHTb He £baBOJibCKHM ruiaHOM (Koro? — 
rop6aneBa, EaKarana, iboBa?), a npocTO HaHHHaioiuHM BouapsTbca b oSuiecTBe 
h b apMHH xaocoM. CoseTCKHe fleficTBHS b EaKy BM3biBaioT o6pa3 arOHMH rpo- 
MaflHoro >KHBOTHoro, nacTH Tena KOTOporo HaMHHaioT .nBHraTbca oecnopaaoHHO 

H HppattHOHaJIbHO. 

Ho TaK hjih HHane, bboa bohck b EaKy KJia/ieT kohcu <onoxe Be3HpoBa», 
eme no BBOfla bohck y6eacaBiiiero co bccmh cbohmh naaaMH h flOMonajmaMH 
b MocKBy. HaHHHaeTca hobm CTpaHHua a3ep6aHa>KaHCK0H hctophh, CBa3aHHaa 
c mneHein CTasuiero hobwm nepBHM ceKpexapeM EK A. H. MyTaJin6oBa. 



5. Pokmm MyTaAHOoBa 

riocjie KpoBasoM Qohhh b EaKy nepBUM ceKpeTapeM EK KIIA3 CTaHOBHTca 
A. MyTajinSoB. A. MyranHSoB — no npowcxoacfleHHio uieMaxHHeu, ho poflHjica 
b 1938 roay b EaKy h aceHa y Hero -7- KOpeHHaa 6aKHHKa, caM — cmh floicropa 
HayK 44 . KaK BnocneacTBHH roBOpun caM MyranHSoB, eMy npoMHJiH HayHnyio 
Kapbepy, ho oh nocjie OKOHiaHHa b 1962 may HHCTHTyxa HecJ)TH h xhmhh no- 
men Ha npoH3BOflCTBO. B 1974 rosy oh craHOBHTca reHepaitbHbiM aHpeKTopoM 
npOH3BOflCTBeHHoro oSieflHHeHHa «EaK3JieKTpo6biTMaui» (3asOfl xoJiOflHubHH- 
kob), c 1977 roaa — Ha nap-raHHoH pa6oTe, c 1979 — mhhhctp MecTHOH npo- 
MbiEiuieHHOCTH, c 1983 — 3aMnpeflCOBMHHa, c 1989 roaa — npejiceaaienb 
CoBMHHa. BnocjieacTBHH oh 6yaeT noanepKHBaTb, hto oh — He npo4>eccHO- 
HanbHbiii napTpa60THHK, b napraio BCxynHJi, TOUbKO cxaB rjiaBHbiM HHweHepoM, 
a nepBWM ceKperapeM b HHBape CTan TOJibKo noxoirfy, hto «...HHTepecbi .ge.ua 
npeBbicHJiH jiHHHoe HeaceJiaHHe» 45 . Ha ocBoSojiHBiiieeca MecTo npeaceaaTejia 
CoBMHHa Ha3HaHaeTca npocfieccHOHajibHbiH KOMcOMonbCKHH h napTHMHHH pa- 
6othhk ceKpeiapb UK T. TacaHOB 46 . 

134 



A3ep6aPLmtancKaa peeoAiouHH 



C A. MyTajiHSoBbiM cssoaHa i^aa snoxa noJiHTHHecKoft hctophh A3ep- 
SaHfljKana, 06a3aHHbifi cbohm B03BbimeHHeM «coBercKHM uithk3m», oh, TeM ne 
MeHee, cyMen co3flan. ce6e onpeaeneHHyio BHyrpeHHiojo nojmepXKy. HacTHH- 
ho 3to 6buia TpaAHUHOHHaa, KjraHOBO-Ma$H03Haa noaaep>KKa, o6ecneqHBaBiuaa 
eMy, Koraa HyscHo, yjiHHHyio TOJiny — co CTOpOHbi UBeTOHHMKOB SaKHHCKHX 
npuropoflOB 4 , o6-beaHHHBuiHxca b aHBape 1990 roaa b oSmectBO «rapaam- 
jibir» («BpaTCTBO»), noa pyKOBoacreoM A. AxyHaoBa, h oSmecTBa «ToB6e» 
(«noKMHHe»), co3naHHoro TO>Ke b aHBape o6paTHBUiHMca k Eory 6biBiiiHM 
yrojiOBHHKOM h HapKOManoM T. A6ayjioM 48 . Ho Bce-TaKu ocHOBHyio noaaepjK- 
Ky oh nwTaeTca co3aaTb ce6e He KJiaHOByio, a CKopee «KJiaccoByio» h «Haeono- 
rmecKyio», npaBHJibHo omymaa HacipoeHHa 6aKHHCKofl bjihth a Hcnojib3ya 
tot CTpax, KOTOpbifi OHa HcnbiTana b HHBape 1990 roaa, Koraa Ha yjmuax uap- 
CTBOBan HeKOHTpojiHpyeMbiH «nne6c». 

KaKoro-jiH6o MHpOB033peHHa y A. MyrajiHSoBa, pa3yMeeTca, He 6wjio. 
KaK noHTH see Hanin nojiHTHiecicHe aeaTejiH, k Hanany 1990 roaa oh ynoTpeS- 
jiaeT MapKCHCTCKyra cHMBOJiHKy: «HoBaa KOHuenuHa counajiH3Ma — sto Beae- 
HHe BpeMeHH... B napTHHHOH h Hayloft cpeae KpermeT y6e>KaeHHe b Heo6xo- 



aHMOCTH B03BpameHHa K KJiaCCHHeCKOMy MapKCH3My» 49 . Ho, onaTb-xaKH, KaK 

noHTH y Bcex, OHa peanbHo HtTHero He 3HaqHJia, h, cjieaya sbojhouhh o6mecT- 
seHHHX HacTpoeHHfi, oh yiKe b 1990 roay Ha^HHaeT Hcno;ib30BaTb «ryMaH- 
HO»-pejiHrH03Hyro CHMBOJiHKy («qeuoBeK hcthhhoh Bepbi — 3-to hjich Haniero 
o6iuecTBa, KOTopoe ceroaHH pa3aHpaerca npOTHBopeqwaMH hmbhho no npHHH- 
He rocnoacTByiomero 6e3BepHa» 50 ), a no3ace BOoSme o6T>aBJiaeT ce6a pejiHra- 
03HHM neitoBeKOM . 3bojhouhs — CTaHaapTHaa h aHajiorHHHaa 3bojhouhh 
AjmeBa, EnbUHHa, IIIesapaHaase h mhoi-hx apyrax. Ho 3Ta CTaHaapTHOCTb einy 
aaace none3Ha, h6o nraBHoe aJia Hero — noKa3aTb HHxejuiHreHTHMM SaKHHuaM, 
tTO oh — HacxoamHH HHTeirnKreHT, cbih AOKxopa HayK. HaBepHoe, b CCCP 
He 6bmo b 3T0T nepHOfl apyroro nojiHTHnecKoro aeaTejia, KOTOpbiM 6bi TaK 
noflnepKHBaji cbohd HHTemmreHTHocTb, KaK MyTanHSoB, miTHpoBaBniHH Pycco 
h b cBoeM HHTepBbio «He3aBHCHMOH ra3ere», yace nocne CBoero naaeHHa, Ha 
Bonpoc 06 era OTHomeHHax c JI. Tep-nexpocaHOM OTBeTHBUiHii: «Oh Bocnpn- 

HHMaJl MOK) HHTeJUIHreHTHOCTb, H a nOHHMajI H BOCnpHHHMajI ero HHTejlJlH- 

reHTH0CTb» . H Bee ero uchhocth — «H0pMajibHbie HHTejuuireHTCKHe u,chho- 
cth», KaK y Bcex. 

KaK Bee, oh — 3a fleMOKpararo 3anaaHoro rana 53 , KaK Bee — yBaxcaeT Ca- 
xaposa h Coji>KeHHUbiHa 54 , pejmrHio, HauHOHajibHbie TpaaHUHrf h t. a. Oh aK- 
thbho B03powaaeT CHMBOJiHKy A3ep6aft£3KaHCKOH PecnySjiHKH 1918 — 20 ro- 
flos. Uejib ero — aeMOKparHqecKHH h He3aBHCHMbiH A3ep6aHa*:aH. 

Ho (mm H3JiaraeM tot xoa Mbicneft, kotophh coaepacHTca b ero MHoro^Hc- 
jieHHbix BbicTynjieHHax h HHTepBbio h kotopmh 3acraBJiaeT noao3peB3Tb b ero 
HHoraa aoxoaameM ao CMeuiHoro noflnepKHBaHHH CBoeK HHTejiJiHreHTHOCTH 

135 



AMHTpHM <DYPMAH, Aah ABACOB 



He tojtsko ero JiHHHyio nepTy, ho h acneKT, Moacer 6biTb, 6ecco3HaTejibHOH huh 
ncmy6ecco3HaTejibHOH nojiHTHnecKoft cnpaTerHH) — flaBafixe CMOTpexb npaBae 
b rjia3a — A3ep6aHA)ieaH eme He totob k aeMOKpaTHH h He3aBHCHMocTH. fleiwo- 
Kpanui Moacex o6epHyn,ca xaocoM, KpOBasofl peBomouHeH, pa3ryjioM iweoca 55 , 
TeppopoM 56 , noBTopeHKeM aHBapa 1990 roaa hjih jja»ce OKTaSpa 1917-ro. (Co- 
BepmeHHo He 3aMenasi kom«3m TaKoro 3anBJieHHa b ycTax pyKOBonHTejw kom- 
napTHH, oh roBopHT, hto to, Hero ao6HBaeTca onno3HUna — «...3to aajieico He 
MHpHbift nJiropajiH3M, a Ta xce caMaa peBOJiiomM hjih nepeBopox, kotopmh 6bin 
y»je y Hac b Haiane BeKa» 57 . JIjis pyKOBOJurrejieH KOMnapTHH, npHmcmuefi 
k BJiacTK b pe3yjitTaTe Oicra6pbCKOH peBOJirouHH, b 1990 roay 3Ta peBoniouHa 
crana chmboiiom 3Jia, KouiMapoM, npecneayiomeM b hohh.) Ho pa3 TaK, 3HaHHT, 
Hy*ceH nepexoflHMfi nepnoa npocBemeHHoro aBTopHTapH3Ma, iuianoMepHoro h 
ynopJmoneHHoro flBHjKeHna k He33BHCHMocTH h aeMOKpaiHH — to, hto aoJDKeH 
6bLi 6h ocymecTBHTt b MacniTa6ax Bcefi CTpaHM rop6aHe'B, KOTOptifi BMecro 
3Toro nycraji Bee Ha caMOTeK (speMeHa MeHHiOTca, h eciiH A. Be3HpOB h nony- 
Man, He Mor KpHTHKOBaTb TopSaneBa, MyrajiHSoBy Hyaoio ot Hero HHCTaHUH- 
poBaTbca ), h hto HeoSxoaHMo, HecMOTpa Ha Bee noinexH co ctopohm ueHrpa, 
ocymecTBHTb b A3ep6aHa*:aHe, teM 6onee hto 3nect y BJiacTH 0Ka3ajica raKofi 
npocBemeHHWM h HHTejuinreHTHtiH nejioBeK. «HyxceH He chmboji npe3HaeHT- 
ckoK Bnacra, a caina BJiacTb» 59 . 

KoMnapTHJi MHCHHTca A. MyTajiHooBfeiM saic opraHH3auH« npocBemeHHofi 
3JIHTH. Oh flaace paa TOMy, hto nocue aHBapa napTHio noKHHyjio mhoto pa6o- 
hhx — «,a,yMaeTCH... hto mu cjihiukom a6conioTH3HpoBajiH 3HaneHHe paSoneH 
npocjioflKH... B to xce BpeMH Ha rjia3ax paspaorajiacb npo6jieina, KOTopyio 
M05KHO onpeaejiHTi. KaK HHTejuieiayajibHoe ocKyaeHHe psnoB napTHH» 60 . «06- 
pa3H0 roBOpa, oHa (KOMnapraa. — ff. 0., A. A.) — tot tpepMeHT, 6e3 Koroporo 
y Hac HeB03MOJKHO HapacTHTt cjioh nonHTHnecKH UHBHiiH3OBaHH0ro aeMOKpa- 
THHecKoro o6mecTBa» 61 . 

B cne«M4>HiecKHX ycjiOBmrx A3ep6afizi5KaHa MyTajiHSoscKaa nponoseub 
npocsemeHHoro aBTOpHrapH3Ma noiryHHJia 3HaHHTeubHMfi otkjihk. Eojibmaa 
nacTb HHTejuiHreHUHH, KOTopaa a apyrax pecny6jiHKax HaxoflHJiacb b 6e3yc- 
jiobhoh onno3HUHH KOMMyHHCTaM, b A3ep6afifljKaHe, HanpoTHB, nozmepacHBajia 
MyranHSoBa. CouHaji-aeMOKpaTM, HanpHinep, BbiTO-nKHyrHe H3 «iuie6eHCKoro» 
HapoflHoro <I>poHTa h, noxoace, coBepuieHHO B03HeHaBHfleBiuHe BbiTonKHyBiiiHx 
hx «xaMOB» (JleiiJia HDHycoBa roBopHT o HaponHOM <DpoHTe: «3aAyMaHHMfl 
b Hfleajie CTpOHHbifi araeT c BHeuiHOCTbio AnoJinoHa, MyacecTBOM EaSeKa, hh- 
TemieKTOM ApwcTOTejia, MyapocTbio h aeMOKpaTH3MOM Hh33mh npeBpaTHirca 
b Hosoro llJapHKOBa, BOHHCTByiomero h o6ojKecTBJiaeMoro» 62 ), <|>aKTHHecKH 
B3SJ1H Ha ce6a pojib «KOHCTpyicrHBHOH» onno3HUHH, HyacHoft MyranH6oBy una 
co3flaHHS JiH6epajibHoro HMHa»ca A3ep6aHajKaHa h ero BiiacTH 63 , nonynHB He co- 
OTBercTByiomee hx hhcjichhocth k BniMHHio MecTO b npecce 64 h b nojiHTHHecKOH 

136 



A3ep6aFii>KaHCKas peBOAiouMn 



5KH3HH {3. AnH3aae aaHce cxan «conepHHKOM» MyTajrn6oBa Ha BceHapoflHbix 
BbiSopax npe3nneHTa, ciwbuikm 3axeM cbok> KaH/utaaxypy). Co3iiaexca raioKe 
opraHH3auHa «fleMOKpaTHHecKHH COHD3 HHTenjjHreHUHH A3ep6afiD(3KaHa» bo 
maBe c SyjxymHM conepHHKOM 3jibHH6ea na npe3HaeHTCKHx BbiSopax H. Cy- 
jieHMeHOBHM, o6i.eAHHHBUiHH «HHTejineKTyajibHyio 3imxy», ueJib Koxopofi, 
o^eBnaHo, flan, cpeacxBO HeHapoaHO<J>poHTOBCKoro nojiHTHnecKoro caMOBti- 
paseeHHa couwajibHOMy cjiokj, kotopwh b apyrax pecnySjiHKax noaaepacHBaex 
b 3to BpeMa HapoflHbie c|)pOHTbi h hx ananorH. Ha Bonpoc KoppecnoHaeHta, 
ecn> jih aHajiorHH Meamy JXCHA h rpaaczjaHCKHM (JiopyMOM b ^exocJiOBaiCHH, 
npeflCTaBHTenb CoK)3a tobopht: «HeT. B hx Ji03yHrax h nporpaMMax mhoi-o bo- 

HHCTBeHHOrO» 65 . 

Ho raaBHoe, hxo paSoxano b nojii>3y MyxajiHSosa, — aaace He KaKaa-To 
ocoSaa noagep>KKa, a Ta Jiencocxb, c Koxopoft a3ep6aiia)KaHCKHH Hapoa nepexo- 
jan ot 6yHxa h aHapxHH k ycnoKoeHHio, npHHHMaa 6e3pa3HHHHo-JioflJibHO uro- 
6yio BJiacTb, ecjiH OHa fleficxBHxejibHO onHpaeTca Ha KaKyio-To ciuiy. B aHBape 
6biJia MaccoBaa Hcxepiw, ho a3ep6atia>KaHCKOMy oSmecxBy He XBaTaeT «an- 
aep3KKH», h, K33ajiocb 6h, noJiHocTbio pa3BajiHBUia«ca KOMnapxmi B03po>icaaex- 
ca, KaK CKa3ajia Jleffcjia K)HycoBa, «KaK OeHHKC H3 nenna cosoKeHHbix napx6H- 
jiexoB», hto oTBeTCTBeHHHH paSoTHHK UK P. FyceHHOB iiHTHpyer b tom see 
flpyacejno6HOM CTHne: «06aaxejibHasi h yMHaa JTefijia K)HycoBa, oflHa H3 nw/ie- 
poB a3ep6aHa»caHCKHX coimari-neMOKpaxoB, He 6e3 rope<iH 3aMeTHJia, hto KTLA. 
B03poflHJiacb KaK nxHua <I>eHHKC H3 neiuia coaoKeHHbix napT6njieTOB» 6fi . B aH- 
Bape 6buio coaoKeHo hjih BbiSpouieHO 45 000 napx6HrtexOB. Ho nocxeneHHo 
MHorae CTajiH BOCcxanaBJiHBaTbca b napTHH a scxynaxb b Hee BHOBb. Ecxecx- 
BeHHO, 3xo npeacae scero — cny>KamHe h HHTejinHreHima, a . He paSonne, 
yaeJibHbifi Bee kotophx cpeflH KOMMyHHCTOB CHH3HJica (KaK mh yace rOBOpHJIH, 
aaxe k neKoxopoMy ynoBoubCXBHio Myxaiin6oBa 67 ). 

riocjieflOBaTejibHo MyTajiH6oB ocymecxBJiaeT uenyio cepwio Mep, KOTopwe 
HOJBKHbi yKpenwxb ero BJiacxb h npHflaxb efi hobmh hmhajk, no bo3mo>khocth 
6oJiee HauHOHajibHHH h fleMOKpaxHqecKHft h MeHee coBexCKHft h KOMMyHHCTH- 
•iecKMH. npHHHMaeTCa xpexuBexHbiH rocyaapcxBeHHbift <J>nar pecnyQjiHKH 
1918 — 20 roflOB h aeHb npoB03niameHnsi 3toh pecnyQjiHKH, 28 Maa, cxaHOBHX- 
ca HepaSoHHM. Co3,gaexca KOHcyjibxaxHBHMH coBex, BfcnioHaiomHH fleaxejieS 
onno3HUHH, h c cornacHH 3xoro coBeTa b Mae MyrajiHSoB H3()HpaexcH CTapbiM 
cocxaBOM BepxoBHoro Cosexa npe3HaeHTOM (ecTecxeeHHo, 6e3 KOHKypeHTOB 
h eaHHornacHo). A oceHbio oh npoBoawx Bbi6opbi b BepxoBHbift CoeeT. 

Bbi6opu 3th, KoneHHO, 6wjih HeaeMOKpaxHHecKKMH. Ohh npoBoaHJiHCb 
b yenoBHax coxpaHHiomeroca Hpe3BbiHafiHoro nojio»ceHna h 3anpeTa mhxhhtob, 
h Ha6jiK>flaxejiH H3 flpyrHx ropoaoB CCCP b EaKy aonymeHbi He 6wjih. Ho 
ohh He 6buiH h nonHocTbio 4>HKXHBHbiMH. Uljia peajibHaa 6opb6a. H3 349 oKpy- 
tob BbiflBHHyxo no 1 KaHflHflaxy Swjih jiHiiib b 10. TaK KaK b paae OKpyroB 

137 



AmhtphK OVPMAH, Aah ABACOB 



KaHaHflaTypH 6mjih chhtm, Bcero OKpyroB, r^e 6anjioTHpoBanca 1 KaHflHaaT, 
Qhjio 58. Ho b 1 OKpyrax 6bmo no 5 KaemnnaTOB h Sojibme 68 . B BaKy 6wjih 
OKpyra, rae Qhino 6onee 10 KaaanaaTOB Ha Mecrro, a b o,hhom, 7-m SaKHHCKOM, — 
23 KamiM/tara 69 . ^laneKo He Be3fle yaajiocb nposecTH Bbi6opbi cpa3y, 30 ceirra- 
6pa, h b flenaSpe b p»me OKpyroB Sbino neperonocOBaHHe, a 3aTeM h nepeBbi- 
6opH. Co3flaercH BnenaTJieHHe, hto npaBHTejibCTBo cTpeMHJiocb JiHiiib He ao- 
nycTHTb chhuikom MHoro h cnHinKOM paflHKanbHbix HapoAHodJipoHTOBueB h, 
oneBHflHo, moflefl, HaH6oJiee 6jih3khx h BepHwx T, ArmeBy, ho b ocTanbHOM 
nycTHno aejio Ha caMOTeK, h oojibinaa nacTb bchkhx nojrracosoK 6buia CB«3aHa 
c 6opb6oH Mecrabix rpynnHpoBOK, a He c BbinouHeHHeM hchhx yKa3aHHfi 
Eany 70 . [lo3TOMy pe3yjibiaTbi Bbi6opoB Bee are oTpaacaioT coCTOSHHe yMOB b 
A3ep6aKfl»caHe. Pe3yjibTaTbi 3TH oneHb npHMenaTejibHW. Bot rate BbinwflHT 
cnwcoK H36paHHbix 30 ceHTaSpa flenyraTOB (mm npHBoaHM Hanajio 3Toro cmi- 
CKa): A66acoB A. A., nepBbifi ceKpeTapb paftKOMa; A66acos A. H., Ha^anbHHK 
npoH3BoacTBeHHoro o6beaHHeHna «A3epcejibCTpoH»; A66acoB M. ff,., nepBbifi 
ceKpeTapb paBKOMa; A66acoB T. E„ nepBbifi ceicpeTapb pafiicoMa; ASayjuia- 
eB A. M., HananbHHK pafioHHoro OTaeJia KTB; ASayjuiaeB AM., rnaBBpan 
4-H EaKHHCKofi ropoflCKofi Gojibhhuh; A6ayjinaeB B. A., anpeicrop xjic6okom- 
SHHaTa. I!poH3BeneHHaa HaMH «Bbi6opKa» ' — coBepmeHHo cnyHaftHa. 3to — 
npocxo Hanajio cnncKa. Ho aJia ycHJieHHH BneiaTJieHHsi npHBeaeM (JiaMHJiHK, 
Ha^HHaromHeca Ha 3 h R: 3mhh6chjih P. <I>., npeaceaaTejib HcnojncoMa; 3io- 
6ob B. III., nepBbifi ceKpeiapb paftKOMa; JlKySoB O. M., 3aB. oT^enoM opraHH- 
3auHOHHO-napTHHHOH h KaapoBofi pa6oTbi D,K KI1A3; ^[xbaes III. JI., nepBtifi 
ceKpeTapb paftKOMa . 

3noxa BepxoBHbix CoBeTOB co «3HaTHHMH aoapKaMH» KOHHHnacb. ripa- 
Bamaa sjiHTa nOHHMaeT, hto b hobmx ycnoBHax BepxoBHbifi CoBeT — 3to yace 
He Taicaa (jmKUHa, KaK paHbme, a c flpyrofl CTopoHbi — y Hee «pa3Ba3aHbi py- 
kh», h6o xcecTKofl «pa3HapaziKH» h chhckob CBepxy yace HeT. IIo3TOMy OHa 
3axBaTWBaeT caiwa aenyTaTCKHe KpecJia, ottcchhb Bcex npoMHx. «CeHiac Bee 
pyxoBOflHTejiH, — iranier aBTOp «BaKHHCKoro pa6oHero», — He HMea chhckob 
«CBepxy», aKTHBHO BbmBHrafOT caMH ce6a. B3jrrb, k npHMepy, By3bi. KaHan- 
aaTaMH b aenyraTH BbiflBHHyTH oohth Bee peKTOpbi... Hh o^Horo cryaeHTa 
hjih npenoaaBaTena. TonbKO peKTopbi!» 72 B pe3ynbTaTe b03hhk napJiaMeHT, 
nopa3HTejibHHH no CBoefl KJiaccoBOH oahopoahocth. H3 360 HenoseK cpean 
aenyratOB OKa3ajioct TOJibKo 7 pa6oHHx, 2 KOJixo3HHKa (b 20 pa3 MeHbiue, 
neM b cocTaBe npeabiflymero BepxOBHoro CoseTa), 1 7 HceHinHH, 22 npeacTa- 
BHTejia HHTejuiHreHUHH. IIoaaBJiaioiuee 6onbiiiHHCTBO nenyTaToa — npeacia- 
BHieJiH MecTHbix BnacTHbix 3jiht: ceKpeTapH pafiKOMOB, npeaceaaTenH ncnon- 
komob, oneHb MHoro — 8,8 npoiieHTa — pyKOBOflHTejieS KTB h mh^hiihh 73 . 
«rioMcajiyH, caMaa SoJibtuaa HeoacnflaHHOCTb HbiHeuiHHX Bbi6opoB, — nnuiyT 
C. ASayjinaeBa h r. TaraeBa, aBTOpw craTbH «riap^aMeHT Hamnx HEweam?», — 

138 



A3ep6aftA*taHCKas peBOAtouwi 



oSmiHe aenyraTOB — pyKOBoaHTejieft pa3Horo poaa nHiaeBbix, cHa6>KeHHe- 

CKHX H 3ar0T0BHTejlbHWX npeanpHHTHH, o6T>eflHHeHHH, X033HCTB, flHpeKTOpOB 

mhco- k xjie6oKOM6HHaTOB, 3aroTOBHTejibHbix KOHTop, njioaooBomHbix o6T.e- 
AHHeMHH k t. a.» He 6mjio H36paHO mhoto bhuhwx npeflCTaBHTeneii 6aKHH- 

CKOH H «o6meCOH)3HOH» KyjIbTypHOH 3JIHTbI, 06naJiaBIIIHX 3HaiHTejII>HOH H3- 

BecTHocTbK), ho He HMeBuiHx peajitHofl 6a3H b KaK0M-jiH6o pafioHe. Eojiee 
Toro, npH nepBOM roJiocosaHHH He 6un H36paH h uieftx-yjib-ncjiaM 
A. nauia3aae, o neM C. AoflyiuiaeBa h f. TaraeBa c npHCKoponeM 3aMenaK>T: 
«He xoHeTCH ayinaTb, hto ayxoBHWH niaBa Hamero Hapoaa nojiwyeTCH b pec- 
ny6nMKe mchbiuhm yBajtceHHeM, neM, cKa>KeM, KaTOJiHKOc e ApMeHHH...» 74 
rioxoace, hto BbiaBHBiuHHca npw nepBOM ronocoBaHHH cocTaB aenyraTOB flawe 
Hanyran A. MyTajiHSosa, cTpeMauieroca k HHTejuieKTyanbHO-Jin6epajibHOMy 
HMHjMcy 75 , h 6bin npon3BefleH k3koh-to HaacHM, oSecneHHBiiiHH b kohchhom 
c^ere A. riaiiia3aae h M. H6parHM6eicoBy aenyTaTCKHe inecTa. Ctopohhhkh 
H0> A nonyHHJiH 3 1 ManaaT 76 , h Koraa mh HHTaeM cuhcok aenyTaTOB c yica- 
3aHHeM hx aojDKHOcrefi, mm npaKTHHecKH 6e30uiH6oHHO mohccm onpeaejiHTb, 

KTO H3 HHX HapOflHO<JlpOHTOBLU>I, no flOHJKHOCTH 3TO He 3JIHTapHaa, HH- 

30Baa HHTenJiHreHUHH 77 . 

HacKOJitKO 3th pe3yjibTaTbi Bbi6opOB OTpaiseajiH aeKcTBHTenbHyio norry- 
rapHOCTb H<J>A — cjca3a-n> TpyaHo. EcTecTseHHO, hto pyKOBOacTBo Hc&A 3aa- 
bhjio o tom, hto Bbi6opfei StiiiH HenecTHue h HeflocTaTKa apryineHTOB b nom>3y 
3Toro Te3Hca He 6mjio. H Bee »ce, ohcbhjiho, SojibuiHHCTBa HOA He aoo'hjjch 6ei 
h npn cawbix necTHbix Bbi6opax, h6o 6ypHO B3opBaameecs b aeKaGpe 1989 — 
AHBape 1990 roaa o6mecTBO ctmo ycnoKaHeaTbcs h ofibiHHaa &jiji Hero jiojuib- 
hocti. k BJiacrH, HaiajibCTBy B3JLna Bepx 78 . OomecTBO nporonocoBajio 3a cbom 
BJiacTHyio 3JiHTy. Oahhm H3 TaKHX ronocoBaHHH 3a cbokd anHTy, pacKpbiBaro- 
mux rpaHaH03HyK) pout KJiaHOBo-3eMJiJiHecKOH conHflapHOCTH, h oneBHflHO 
He oneHb npuxTHbiM am MyTajiHSoBa, Qtuio ronocoBaHHe b HerpaMCKOM oKpyre 
HaxHHeBaHH, nre 95 npoueHTOB touocob 6h.ho OT^aHO 3a naBiuero, ho coxpa- 
HHBuiero CB33H, KJiaHosyio noaaepacicy h onpeaejieHHyio nonyjiapHocxt, KaK 
«CHJibHbiH HenoBeK», h BHiuefluiero b HHBape H3 napraH I\ AnneBa, kotophh 
BCKOpe CTaHOBHTca ITpeflceaaTejieM BepxoBHoro CoBeTa HaxHHeBaHCKofi Ab- 
tohomhoh Pecny6nHKH 79 , 4)aKTHHecKH BHseaa HaxH^eBaHb H3-nofl KOmpojw 
EaKy 50 . B uejiOM, ozmaKo, BtiQopbi, 6e3ycjioBHO, 6binn 6ojibmoH noSeaofi MjTa- 
nH6oBCKoro pe^KHMa. 

B MapTe 1991 roaa MyranHSoB, kotophh, kohchho, noHHMan, hto npw 
BceM BHflHMOM ycTaHOBHBmeMCH cnoKoficTBHH Hapoaa nepcneKTHBa ocraTbca 
HaeaHHe c hhm h c apMjmaMH — He caMaa paayoKHaa, pa3Bajia CCCP, bo bchkom 
cnynae, b o6o3phmom SyaymeM, He xoxeji h Hcnojib30Ban cboio noaJibHOCTb 
CCCP fljifl noJiyneHHa noflaepjKKM ot Mockbh, oaepacan eme oflHy TaKoro »:e 
poaa no6eay, ycneuiHO nposeaa pe^epeHayM o cyabSe CCCP. B pe<t>epemryMe 

139 



AMHTpttH <DYPMAH, Aah ABACOB 



yqacTBOBajio 74,9 npoueirra a3ep6aHn>KaHCKHx H36npaxe.neH (SoJibuie, ieni b 
PC<X>CP — 74, ho MeHbuie, ieiw b CpeaHeK A3hh). «3a» C0103 nporonocoBajia 
93,3 npoueHTa, «npoTHB» — 5,8 (b EaKy 3a Coro3 — 85,3) 81 . B pe^epenayMe, 
oflHaKo, He ynacTBOBana HaxuneBaHb, rae T. Ajihcb ycrreji daTt npeaceaaTe- 
jieM Mcaacnnca (coBeia), 3aHaB aKTHBHO onn03HUHOHHyio no3Hmno h npaicTH- 
necKH nepecraB no4HHHHTi>ca EaKy. 

Eojiee Toro, yace nofl KOHeu, icoraa cyat6a ero 6fama penieHa, b cetrraSpe 
1991 roaa MyTanH6oB yMyapmica npOBecra BceHapoflHbie Bbi6opbi npe3HaeH- 
Ta. EbiJio BbiCTaBJieHo 2 KaHflnaaTypbi — A. MyTann6oBa h 3. AjiH3aae, Jinaepa 
couHaji-aeMOKpaTOB. 3aTeM 3. Ajiioajie KanaHflaTypy cHaji, h 3a e^HHCTBeHHoro 
KaHflHaaTa nporojiocoBano noaaBJiaiomee SojibiiiHHCTBO (85,7 npoueHTOB yna- 
CTByiomHX, 98,5 — «3a») B2 . B HaxuneBaHH, oiwrb-TaKH, Bbi6opbi He npoBOOT- 
jiHCb — T. AjiHeB 3aaBHJi, i tto ohh — 6e3ajibTepHaTHBHbi h noTOMy — HeaeMo- 

KpaTHMHM 83 . 

H coBceM yjKe noa KOHeu, 29 aeKa6pa 1992 roaa, Koraa BJiacTt y MyrajiH- 
6oBa yxce yxoflHua H3 pyK, 6hji npoBeaeH pe^epennyM o rocynapcTBeHHoft ne- 
3aBHCHMOCTH A3ep6afin3KaHa, rae ynacTBOBajio 95,2 npoqeHTOB, 3a — 99,58, 
npoTHB — 0,2 84 . 

Bee 3TH aaHHbie, roBopamiie o BceoSmeii JioajibHOCTH npe3Hfleirry h ero 
Kypcy, He;ib3fl cimcaTb KaK ojxhh JiHmt noaTacoBKH, cpajrbuiHBKH 85 , KaK Hein>3a, 
pa3yMeeTCH, h BocnpHHHMaTb 6yKBaabH0. Ha Hani B3rjiaa, ohh OTpaacaioT pe- 
ajibHocTb — HppauHOHajibHwfi xapaicrep hojihthkh b oSmecTBe, nenco B3pti- 
BaromeMca h Taicsce Jienco ycnoKaHBaromeMca, jioxiibHO npHHHMaiomeM BJiacn. 
h BocnpHHHMaiomeM B&iSopu h pe<J>epeHziyMbi icas «nojioaceHHbie» 4>opMw 
nposrBJieHHa 3toS JioajibHOCTH. 3to oSmecxso nerKo BnaaaeT b «nojiyapeMOT- 
Hoe» cocTOHHHe h HenerKO H3 Hero Bbixoaur, J^Jia TOro htoSh oho CHOBa npo- 
SyaHJiocb, HyjKHa HOBaa Momnaa «BcxpacKa». Ho no nopti no BpeineHH MyTa- 
jiH6oBy yaaeTca TaicoH BcnpacKH H36ejKaib. 



6. flaAeHHe MyraAw6oBa 

B ycjiosHax rop6aneBCKOro CCCP A. MyTanH6oB He Mor 6m (ecnH 6w h 
xoTeji) JiHKBHflnpoBaTb Hfl>A. H nocTeneHHO HOA onpaBiiaeica ot AHBapcicoro 
yaapa. flenyTaTbi-HapoflHO(j)pOHTOBUbi, o6i.eaHHeHHHe bo <J)paKUHK> «He3aBH- 
CHMbiii A3ep6aHa»caH», c caMOro Hanana npoaBJiaioT ce6a oneHb aicrHBHO, 
b nepBMH »ce aenb paSoTti napJiaMeirra, Kor^a «noaaBJUHOmee 6oJibuiHHCTB0» 
nonbrrajiocb hx noaaBHTb, noKHHyB 3an 3aceaaHHa h opraHM30BaB MHTHHr ne- 
pea 3flaHHeM BepxOBHoro CoBeTa h npeaynpeaHTenbHbie 3a6acT0BKH Ha puns 
SaKHHCKHX npeanpnaTHH. HapoaHO<f>pOHTOBiibi 3anyrHBaiOT npaBHmyio Bep- 
xyuiicy npircpaKOM noBTopeHHa aHBapcKMx co6hthh, h CTpax 3tot nacTonbKO 

140 



A3ep5aHAJKaHCKaH peBOAK>iiMS 



BeHHK, HTO KOMMyHHCTHHeCKOe 6oJIbUIHHCTBO C 3T0r0 MOMeHTa n03BOJWeT 

MemiHHHCTBy Hrpaxb b napjiaMeHTe coBepineHHO He nponopiiHOHajibHyio ero 
HHcneHHocTH poJib 86 . 3aMecTHTejieM npeaccaaxeiH BepxoBHoro CoBeTa cpa3y 
ace raSHpaeTCs T. KapaeB, npeacsaareia. MeaxuiHca HapoflHoro OpoHxa. B pane 
rojiocoBaHHH Ha CTopoHy HapoaHO^pOHTOBues nepexoasT aaace HeKOTOpbre 
npe^ctaBHTeJiH 6ojibiiiHHCTBa, see Sojiee HepBHHiamne H3-3a sbho h 6ypH0 
mrymero pacnaaa KHCC h CCCP, 3acTaBJWK>mero acex, BCnea 3a npe3HjieH- 
tom, ayMaxb o hoboh CHMBOJiHKe h hobom MMHaace. TaK, Hanpniwep, npw rono- 
cOBaHHK, npoBOflHTt hjih He npoBoaHTb pe<|iepeHnyM coxpaHeHHH CCCP, 
npoTHB ero npoBeaeHHs roJiocoBajiH 43 aenyTaxa, B03flepxcanocb 6 (a Hapofl- 
HocfipOHTOBiieB — 3 1) 87 . 

TeM He MeHee, noKa Hex hoblix xojihkob H3BHe, SyaopaacauiMX a3ep6aH- 
nacaHCKyio /xyuiy m o6ocxpaiomHx HaunoHanbHoe co3HaHHe, HOA ocoSofl 
yrp03bi He npeflcxaBjraex. MyxariHSoBy b KaKoH-xo Mepe y^aeTca KaHanH3H- 
pOBaxb 3HeprHK) HOA b «KOHCTpyKTHBHoe» pyejio 6opb6bi c apMHHaMH — 
HapoflHO(J)poHT0BCKHe aoSpoBOJibnecKHe oxpsubi BKJiiOHaKJTca b cocTaB a3ep- 
6afta)KaHCKoro OMOHa, Jinaepti H<I>A coTpyaHHHaioT c BJiacraMH b CoBCTe 
06opOHbi h b cepenHHe 1991 ro.ua b HOA o<|iopMjmeTCfl 3aTeM noKHKysiuaa ero 
rpynrmpoBKa bo niaBe c 3. MaMeaoBbiM, ocHOBHaa Hues KOTOpofi (b tot nepM- 
oa) — noKa unci 6opb6a 3a KapaSax, 6opb6y 3a BnacTb h aeMOKpaTHK) Haao 
OTCTaBHTb, Ha dtot nepHoa HyxkHa cmibHax BnacTb. 3xo pacKon coBcein hhoto 
Tuna, neM pacKon couHaji-aeMOKpaxoB, ho oh xo>Ke Ha pyKy Myra™6oBy h no- 
TeHUHajibHo MosKeT pacinnpHTb ero nojmepjKicy (ecnH coiiHan-aeMOKpaTbi toto- 
Bbi noaaep>KHBaTb ero, noTOMy 1x0 ero BJiacTb, xoth h aBTopwxapHaa, ho c jih- 
6epajibHO-3anaflHHHecKHM «({mepOM» h aBjraexcH anbTepHaxHBOH peBOJHOUHOH- 
Hoiny xaocy, to «MaMeflOBu>i», co3flaBiune 3axeM riapxHio HaiiHOHaJibHofi 
He3aBHCHM0CXH A3ep6afiiDKaHa — noxoMy, hto oh npoxHBoexoHT «apMHHCK0H 
arpeccHH»). 

Me*yiy TeM 1990- ft h nepBaa nojiOBHHa 1991 roaa npoxoasx 6e3 ocoStix 
<(xojihkob», HaymHx H3 Kapa6axa, ApMeHHH hjih Mockbw. MyxajiH6oB Beaex 
onenb rH6Kyro noJiHTHKy b oxHouieHHH uempa. B HeM Hex toh cxonp'oueHTHOH 
npeaaHHOCTH, icaKas SbiJia y Be3HpoBa, ho Ha <j?OHe noSeabi AOZl b ApMeHHH h 
TaMcaxypflHa b Tpy3HH A3ep6aHnacaH — oa3Hc ciiokohcxbhji h jiosuibHOCTH. H 
ueHTp, xoth h bhjio, HaiHHaeT noMoraTb A3ep6aiia>KaHy, vma Ha uinpoKoe hc- 
nojib30BaHHe b onepamwx npoTHB apNomcKHx Socbhrob 4-h apMHH, KOMaHa- 
HbiH nyHKX Koxopofi 6bui b FHHa>Ke. Co3aaexca PecnySJiHicaHCKMH OpreoMHTex 
no HaropHOMy KapaSaxy, bo rnaBe Koxoporo BCTaeT npHCJiaHHbifi b A3ep6afi- 
flxcaH BMecxe c Be3npoBbiM BxopoS ceKpexapb UK B. TIoJiaHHHKO, ao 3Toro 
cjiyiKHBUiHH b A^iraHHCTaHe h He to H3o6pa>KaBuiHH H3 ce6a, He to — peanbHO 
CTaBiiiHH crpacxHbiM a3ep6aitiracaHCKHM naTpKOTOM h MyTb jih He MycyjibMaHH- 
hom 8S . BecHofi 1991 roaa ocymeCTBJiaexca onepauns «KoJibuo», npHBeamaa 

141 



AwHTpHft (pyPMAH, Aam AEACOB 



k aenopTauHH HacejieHHa. psaa apMAHCKHX ceji — onopHtix nyHKTOB Socbhkob, 
h nonyjmpHOC-n. MyrajiHooBa b A3ep6aHfl>tcaHe 3HaiHTejibHo B03pacTaeT. 

OaKTHHecKH BbipacoBbiBajiacb nerKaa nepcneKTHBa npeBpameHHa Myta- 
jiHSoBCKoro peatHMa b nojoSHe peacHMOB Ha3ap6aeBa hjih KapHMoaa, ho c He- 

CKOJIbKO OOJIbtUHM «Jln6epajIbHbIM» OTTeHKOM, COOTBeTCTByK>mHM ocoSeHHO- 

CT3M a3ep6aHjnacaHCKOH noJiHTHHecKOH Tpa^HUHH pecny6nHKH 1918 — 20 ro- 

aOB, 06pa3 KOTOpOH BJIHflJT B KaKOH-TO MCpe He TOJIbKO Ha HapOflHO<J)pOHTOB- 

ueB, ho h Ha npaBamyio Bepxyuiicy. Ho TaKoft nepcneKTHBe He cyameHo Swjio 
peajiH30BaTbca. «Tojihkh» Bce-TaKH npoH30injiH h BHOBb B30pBanH oSmecTBO, 
06naflarom.ee cnoco6HocTb»o KaK 6bicxpo ycnoKanBa-rbca, TaK h CTpeMHTenbHO 
B3pHBaTbca, nepexo/w ot «cns<iKw», «norpyaceHHH b 6ht» k cyflopojKHott ate- 

THBHOCTK. 

Cepaa noTpaceHHii HanHHaerca c MOCKOBCKoro «aBrycTOBCKoro nyrqa». 
A. MyTajraSoB b 3to BpeMH 6mji b noe3,mce b HpaHe, rae cuenan HeocTopoiKHoe 
h floporo CTOKBinee eisiy 3aaBJieHHe c kphthkoh HepeuiHTenbHOCTH Bcnymero 
CTpaHy k aHapxHH rop6aneBa h kocbchhoh noaaepacKOH rKHIl 89 . Tlyrt a ero 
nposaji aKTHBH3HpyiOT H<DA, opraHH3yiomHH mhtkhi-h c Tpe6oBaHHeM poc- 
nyCKa BepxoBHoro CoBeTa h hobmx aeMOKpaTH^ecKHX BbiSopOB h napnaMeHTa, 
h npe3naeHTa. 

A. MyTajiHSoB HanHHaeT aenaTb cyuoposcHbie flBHxceHHH no c03aaHHK> ho- 
boh JierHTHMH3auHH cBoefi BJiacTH. 30 aarycxa BepxoBHbiM Cobctom npHHHMa- 
eTca «/Jeicjiapaunji o BoccxaHOBJieHHH rocynapcTBeHHoH He3aBHCHM0CTH A3ep- 
6aftaHcaHa» h o C03flaHHH chji HaimoHajibHOH caMOoSopoHbi 90 . 8 ceHTa6ps, He- 
OMOTpa Ha npoTecTbi HOA, Tpe6yK>mero hx nepeHoca Ha 6ojiee no3aHHH cpoK, 
Bee ace npOBo,aaTca BceHapoaHwe Bbioopw npe3jmenxa, o neM yace roBopmiocb 
paHbine. lOceHTaSpa npoBOflHxca Hpe3BbiHaHHHH Cbe3a KTLA.3, kotopmh 6e3 
KaKoro-JiH6o conpoTHBJieHiw h nonxH He oSpaTHB aa ce6a BHHNtaHHe oSmecTBa 
npHHHMaer peuieHHe o pocnycKe KOMnapTHH 91 . (nopa3HTejibHbiw $aKT, ho bo 
Bcex eBponeficKHX, «xpHCTHaHCKnx» pecnySuHicax, BKJuonaa Tpy^mo h Apine- 
hhk), KOMnapTHH OKa3anwcb bo MHoro pa3 6ojiee <OKHBy™». 3aecb Bee >Ke Sbuia 
xaKaa-To HflefiHaa nojwep>KKa KOMnapTHH, a b A3ep6aH4>KaHe KOMMymiCTHHe- 
CKaa BnacTb HMena jihiub Ty noaaepKKy, KOTopyro BooSme HMeer BJiacTb b iwy- 
cynbMaHCKHX oSmecTBax. IIpH stom aBTOpHxapHbifi xapairrep BJiacTH — oneHt 

yCTOHHHB.) 

Ho Bee 3th Mepw HHHero ne aaioT, h6o apMHa b Kapa6axe nepecTaeT no^- 
aepacHBaTb a3ep6aHfl>KaHueB h 3aecb cpa3y we HaHHHaeTca apMSHCKoe HacTyn- 
neHHe, cBeAtuee Ha neT Bee yenexn, aocTHrHyTbie BecHofi. IIInpoKO paspeioia- 
MHpoBaHHaa noe3aKa b EaKy, EpeBaH h CienaHaKepr Ha3ap6aeBa h EjibUHHa, 
HaaeaBineroca noKa3aTb BceM, hto TopSaqeB He Mor pa3pemaTb KOHtJuiHKTbi, 
a HeKOMMyHHCTHMecKas. aeMOKpaTHHecKaa Poccwa — MoateT, hh k neMy He 
npHBena. B oicraSpe nponcxoflHT «TpareflHa y KapaKenna (<(^epHaa aepeBHH», 

142 



AaepSaMAXtaHCKaji pesoA(ouM3 



«MepHoe cejio») — apMSHCKHe 6oeBHKH c6HBaioT BepTOJier, Ha kotopom jieTejiH 
HJieHH komhcchh BepxoBHoro CoBeTa A3ep6afia>KaHa, tcyxta Bxoxmjia 3HanH- 
TeJibHaH nacTb noaaep5KHBaBiueH MyrajiHSoBa Bbicuieft a3ep6aHfl>KaHCK0H 3jih- 

Ttl BMeCTe C HeCKOJIMCHMH pOCCHHCKHMH H Ka3aXCKHMH MHpOTBOpiiaMH . 

Ha^HHaeTca hobmh BcnjiecK HauHOHanbHbix nyscTB h rtojiHTH3auHH 
a3ep6afifl)KaHCKoro oGmecTBa. H<1>A pe3KO ycHJiHBaeTCH, h CTpaHa cHOBa no- 
CTeneHHo cjcaTMBaerca k xaocy, noxo*;eMy Ha xaoc fleica6pa 1989 — aHBapa 
1990 roAOB. 

y 3flaHKa BepxoBHoro CoseTa Hflyr HecKOHHaeMbie HapoztHocJipOHTOBCKHe 
mhthhi-h, h b caMOM BepxoBHOM CoBexe xowe BOuapsteTcs xaoc. Kan Bceraa b 
Taxne nepHOflti b A3ep6airoKaHe, oSmecTBO noJiHO BcaKoro poaa CJiyxoa. 

Bjiacrt yxoflHT H3 pyK MyTajiH6oBa. 26 OKTaSpa BepxoBHtiii Cobct bli- 
HyameH npHHaTb peiueHHe o nepcaaiH 43cth cbohx iioiihomohhh HauHOHanb- 
HOMy CoBery (Mhjuih lllype, no3flHee nepeHMeHOBaHHOii b HaiiHOHajibHOe Co- 
6paHHe, Mhjuih MeaacnHc), cocxoameMy Hano:iOBHHy H3 Shbuikx KOMMyHH- 
ctob, HanojioBHHy — H3 onno3HUHH, no 25 ot KaamoS H3 ctopoh, kotophh 
npHCTynaeT k paSoie b fleica6pe. 

ilHBapt h 4>eBpait npoxoaaT b KpaHHeM HanpaaceHHH. H<t>A Tpe6yeT ot- 
CTaBKH A. MyTanH6oBa, KOTopbifi, oneBnaHO, cain nocieneHHO npnxoflHT b hc- 
TepuMecKoe cocTOflHHe. 1 {J)eBpana oh ny6jiHKyer «06pameHHe IIpe3HaeHTa 
A3ep6aHfl»caHCKOH PecnySjiHKH k Hapojry»: «#oporne cooTenecTBeHHHKH! Bpa- 
Tbs h cecrpbi! Myjipue othw h MaTepK naiim! IIoBepbTe, Bam npe3HfleHT CTpa- 
aaer He MeHbiue, neM Bbi... HeaonycTHMO b 6opb6e 3a BJiacTb Hcnojib30BaTb 
Haum BpeMeHHbie TpyaHocTH... y Hac cboh nyn., h HaM Haao hm hjith h aajib- 
iiie — 6e3 kpobh, 6e3 peBOJHOumi, KOHCTHTyuHOHHbiM napjiaMeHTCKHM ny- 
TeM... %. noKJUuica 6biTb npeaaHHHM CBoeMy Hapojry, cjiyacHTb eMy, h bhobb 
noflTBep^yiaio: a BbinojiHio see, b neM noKJiajica Hapo;iy»'\ Hepe3 HecKOJibKO 
flHeii nocne 3-Toro oSpameHHa, 26 — 27 <J)eBpaiw, apMHHe Sepyr ropoa Xoflscajibi 
h ycTpaHBaioT 3Bepcicyio pe3HK> MHpHoro HaceneHHa, KOTopoe npaBHTentcTBo, 
He 3Haa, KaK pearHposaTb, hcckojilko mieii npocro nbrraeTca cicpbiTb. 
A. MyrajiHGoB oSpeieH. 5 MapTa b HHTepBbio «KoMCOMOJibCKOH npaB,ae» oh 
roBopHT: «IlcHxiiHecKoe cocroaHHe, b kotopom h Haxoxcycb, He no3BOJiaeT ne- 
peKJiioiHTbCJt h nyMaTt o HeM-jiHfio apyroM (Kpoivte Kapa6axa. — JJ. 0., 
A.'A.)». EMy Ka»ceTca, hto Poccna co3HaTenbHO 6pocHJia A3ep6aHflacaH na npo- 
H3B0JT cyflbSw, HyTb jih He ana Toro, hto6m CBeprHyTb ero: «Boo6me TpyjHO 
npnayMaTb jiyniHHH cnoco6 ana aHCKpeaHTauHH npe3HfleHra A3ep6aHjt5KaHa, 
MeM bot TaK — OTCTynHTbca ot Bcex floroBopeHHOCTen h oGeuiaHHfl, ocTaBHTb 
Ham napofl naeflHHe co CMepTenbHofi onacHOCTbro. Ecjih ecTb TaKaa uejib — 
CBanHTb npe3HfleHTa bojihoh HapoflHoro ropa h CTpaaaHHa, to 3to, CHHTaio, 
npecTynneHHe» 94 . BenepoM Ha cueAyiouiHH s,eub, nocne SypHoro MHTHHra 
c Tpe6oBaHHaMH OTCTaBKH npe3HfleHra nepea 3iiaHHeM BepxoBHoro CoseTa, 

143 



AmhtphR tpyPMAH, Aah ABACOB 



npocTO He BwnycKaiouiero flenyiaroB H3 3aaHHa, k npaKTHnecKH — xaKoro 
>se MHTHHra, ycTpoeHHoro Hapo;iHo<|>poHTOBuaMH BHyTpH Hero h coBemaHHa 
c aKcaKauiaMH h meflx-yjib-HCJiaMOM, MyTauH6oB o6i>aBJifleT o CBoeM yxoae h 

0TKa3e OT nOJIHTHHeCKOH fleHTeJIbHOCTH. BepXOBHBIM COBeT TyT JKe nOCTaHOB- 

naex o Ha3HaneHHH eiwy neHCHH b 10 000 pyQneH, aecaTH HenoBeK oxpaHbi, 



MauiHHti h nam* 95 



7. HapOAHO(J>pOHTOBCKaH peBOAtOUHfl 

BpeMeHHHM raaBOH rocyaapcTBa CTaHOBHTca npeaceflaxeJit BepxoBHoro 
CoBeTa peicrop MeflHHCTHTyra flicyo' MaMeaOB (cmchhbuihh b CBoe Bpeina 
3. Ka^apoBy). 10 MapTa ny6jifflcyeTca ero 06pameHHe k Hapcay, rae roBopHT- 
ca: «...Myapocn., npoasjieHHaa Ilpe3naeHTOM AsepSafiaacaHa, ero oTCTaBKa bo 
hma npeKpameHHa npoTHBOcroaHHa eo;e pa3 y6eaHTeittHo npoaeMOHCTpHpoBa- 
JiH, hto b A3ep6afiiDKaHe see" Sojitine yxBepamaiOTca aeMoicpaTHqecKHe npHH- 
uhom rocyflapcTBeHHoro ynpaBJieHHa, ocHOBaHHtie Ha Hopinax uHBWiinauHH, 
npaBOco3HaHna. OrcTasKa Ilpe3HJieHTa Bosce He aBjraerca aHTHKOHCTHTyiiHOH- 
hhm nepesopoTOM. Ona BtiTeKaex H3 oSteKTHBHofi HeoSxoaHMOcra npeaoTBpa- 
meHHfl poKOBoro AJia naiiHH pa3BHTna co6biTnii» 9S . 

9L. MaMeaoB — jihhhoctb, He HMeramas chjibhoh KnaHOBOH nojmepscKH 
(oh — Bwxoaeu H3 cesepo-3anaaHoro KejiaSeKCKoro pafloHa, npaKTunecKH 
He npeflcraBJieHHoro b nojiHTHqecKofi MHTe) h HHKaKoii nonyjiapHocTH, hbh 
3aaBneHHa rana: «HeKOTopwe moh onnoHeHTH yxce o6bhhsk>t Mena b HepeiuH- 
TenbHocTH. X aosajKy hm, hto lenoBeK a npHHUHnHajibHbifl h peniHxejibHbiH» 97 , 
npoH3BOflar acamcoe BneHameHHe, a 6ecKOHeHHbie npH3HBM k 3aKOHHOerH h no- 
psmKy BooSme HHKaKoro BnenaTJieHna He npoH3BoaaT 9S . 

HaeojiorHHeCKH oh He OTJiHiaeTca ot A. MyrajiK6oBa, ho «MyrajiH6oB- 
ckhh» HneHHbiK KOMnjieKC npHo6peTaeT y Hero KapHKaTypHHH xapaicrep. Oh 
Kax 6m aorOBapHBaeT «no KOHua» qyBCTBa h mhcjih a3ep6afiipKaHCK0H snirru. 
Mm BHAejiH, KaK MyranH6oB ocxopoatHo OTMexceBbiBajica ot CBoero KOMiwyHH- 
cTHHecKoro npouijioro. Box b KaKyro KapKKaxypy sxo npeBpamaerca y JI. Ma- 
Meaosa: «CeroflHa MHorae oxpeicatOTCa ox CBoero «napTHHHoro npoumoro». 
51 hh ot nero He oTpeKarocb. Itapxna h pa6oxa b napxHH 6mjih eflHHCTBeHHOH 
(})OpMOK, CflHHCXBeHHOH B03MO*CHOCTbK> nOJIHXHHeCKOH AeaxenbHOCTH. H a Ha- 
MepeHHO men b nojiHTHKy noMo^b Hapoay, KOTOpbift yrHeTeH, 3aKa6ajieH chc- 
TeMOH H30UipeHHOH 3KcnnyaTaiiHH» . 

OpHeHxauna Ha Pocchk), cxpeMiieHHe noKOHHHTb c KapaSaxcKofl npo6jie- 
moh, H36eacaB HapoaHoro jiBHsceHMa, KOTopoe HeH36eacHo Beaex k cMene npa- 
Bauiefi BepxyiiiKH (b 3TO BpeMa pa3BopaHHBaexca 6opb6a BOKpyr BcxynneHHa 
B CHr, npoTHB KOToporo BHCTynaeT HO A) BbipaatawTca hm cueayioutHM 

144 



A3ep6agAjKaHCKaa peaoAioumi 



o6pa30M: «Kam k pemeHHio Kapa6axcKoro KOHcpjinicra HaxoaHTca b Mockbc 
b Ka6KHeTe npe3HaeHra Pocchh. Ejiburm oahh cnoco6e H OCTaHOBHTt Bofiny 
EmiwHy aocxaTOHHO CKasaxb: Pocchh He SraparamHO, mo npoHexoaHT Ha ee 
jojkhux rpaHHqax, OHa He saHHTepecoBana b npoaojiaceHHH apwmo-asepeaH- 
jpKaHCKoro Ko H ({>JiHKTa h HacroarejitHO peKOMeHayex o6e H M cxopoHaM npeKpa- 
totb BoeHHbie aeKcTBHa. B npoTHBHOM cjiynae Poccwa 6epe T Ha ce6s 6peMa yc- 
TaHOBJieHHa sarana h MHpa. JI ySenweH — na cjieayromHii aeHb opohs npejcpa- 
thtc*» . A bot bo q T o npeBpamaerca y Hero MyTanH6oBc K oe «3aHrpHBaHne 
cpejiHrHeK»: «Ca M oH 6ojibmoH, caiwoH saBerHoii MoeH mcto™ 6mjio' BHaert 
AsepSaMOTcaH HesaBHCHMbiM rocyaapcTBOM. . . xoth HeKOTopwe o6mecT B eH- 
HO-nojiHTHMecKHe opraHH3auHH npniiHCbiBaroT 3-ry sacjiyry ce6e, a ace cHHraio, 
qro 3to — HCTopHHecKas HeH36exH0CTb. CBo6oay aapoBaji hem Aajiax!» 101 ' 
«Hto Kacaerca KaKHx-To rjiaBHbix ocooeHHocTeH MoeH npeaBw6op H ofi npo- 
rpaMMw, to, MHe Kaxerca, ohh b KOHueniom HauHOHajibHoro pa3BHraa, koto- 
pym.a 6m ctpopMyjiHpOBan TaKHM o6pa30M: MHoroyiuiaaHOCTb 3kohomhkh, 
njnopajiH3M b nojiHTHKe, paaeHCTBO HauHft h B03po)KaeHHe ayxoBHOCTH...' 
pejiHrna aaiuKHa saHan. csoe MecTO b ayxoBHoK jkh3hh Hapoaa. Haao BepHyrt 
HejioBeny ero cyn,» 102 . 

EcxecTBeHHo, ito stot THnHMHMH (mokho CKa3aTt — THnHHHUH ao rpo- 
TecKHocTH) npeacraBHTejib asepeafiasKaHCKOH HHTejjjiHreHTCKH-6iopoKpaTHqe- 
ckoh 3-jihth B33T& b cboh py K H peajibHyro BJiacTb He Moxex h BocnpHHHMaerca 
BceMH KaK nepexoaHaa (pHrypa. 

nepcneKTHBa nojiHoro nepexoaa BJiacTH k HOA BbnuBaei y*ac 6a K HH- 
cKoii BepxyuiKH, ana koto P oh sto 03HanaeT He npocTo no6eay KaKoro-to ho- 
aoro «KjiaHa», hoboh rpynrapoBKH, ho pa3pyiueHHe cbmhx ochob ee cymecx- 
BOBaHHa. Beab nojiHaa HesasHCHMOCTb, HeBcxynneHHe b CHr — 3to paspbiB 
CHCTeMb! mockobckhx CBasefi, KOTopbie ana Hee hctohhhk BJiHaHHS h BJiac™. 
Co3aaHne cBoefi apMHH — jto co3aaHHe peajibHoii h coBepuieHHo He noaKOH- 
rpojibHOH eft cnaw. Depexoa Ha a3ep6afta*caHCKHH aswK — 3T o cTpauiHaa 
nepcneKTHBa yTpaTbi nojioaceHHa h aaace paSora toh ee 3HaHHTejibHoii nacxn, 
KOTOpaa He 3HaeT asepSaHflwaHCKoro a3biKa ,D3 . IIpHxoa K BJiacra HOA — sto 
npnxoa «mie6eeB», k KoropbiM 6aKHHCKaa 3jinTa HcnHTbiBaeT hhcto «tcjiacco- 

ByK>» HeHaBHCTb. 

A. AjiH3aae tobopht: «OcHOBHaa aecTpyKTHBHaa cwaa — HOA — Hecno- 
coSHa co3HaaTb... Ecjih 3aopoBbie cnjibi o6mecTBa He oiHyrca h He aaayr ot- 
nop BaKxaHajiHH jiioMneHOB, to o^eHb aonro Haa AsepSaftaacaHOM 6yaer 
HOHb» . Ho y «3aopoBHX chji» HeT JiHaepa. HanSoJiee cnoco6eH npereHaosaTb 
Ha pojib TaKoro JiHaepa T. Ajihcb, b no;ib3y KOTOporo HaeT MomHaa arHTauna. 
BbiBuiHfi ceKpeTapb L(K P, MexTweB, oTCTpaHeHHHH b 1988 roay A. Be3Hpo- 
bhm, roBOpHT b HHxepBbio (ecTecTBeHHO, cneunajibHO opraHH30BaHHOM h ooji- 
HOCTbro nocsameHHOM T. AjiweBy): «X nporas cmibHofi py K K, ho sa cnjibHyio 



145 



AMWTpnH q>YPMAH, Aah ASACOB 



BJiacTb h KpenKyio aHciiHiuiHHy. ^eno He b aBxopHxapHOCTH, a b aBxopnxeTe 
stoh jihhhocth. TaK bot, Bbipaacaa Moe JiHHHoe mhchhc, a cKaxy — aBxopwxeT 
y AjiHeBa b pecnygjiHKe ecTb; 3x0, 6e3 comhchhh, He3aypaaHaa hhhhoctl, 
KpyrtHHH rocyaapCTBeHHbifl aeaxeJib, o6aaaaioiiiHH KanecTBaMH JiHaepa...» 
3aecb we aeaaexca npsMoK HaMeK Ha to, t tto h HapoaHo<J)poHTOBuaM Hafiayxcs 
Tenjibie MecTa («nonaraio, 6hjio 6bi ecTecTBeHHMM rapMOHH3HpoBaxt aeaTejib- 

HOCTb nOJIHTHKOB HOBOH (JKJpMaUHH MyapOCTMO, OnblTOM H flajIbHOBHJlHOCTbK) 

npeacTaBHTenefl cTapmero noKOjreHHa»), h o 51. Maineaobe, ecjiH oh 6yaex ce6s 
xopomo Bee™, He 3a6yayT {«HeaoBeK oh Tpe3BbiH, paccyaHTejibHbiK... Oh bh- 
iuen H3 napoaa, 3HaeT ero npoSjieMM, He npeaaex ero HHTepecoB»). Ho 3aecb 
ate h 4>pa3a, pacicpbiBaiomaa rjry60KHe npoxHBopeiHH b 3JiHxe h oetacHaiomaa, 
noqeiwy He npoH30iiino ee o6x>eaHHeHHa noa npeaBoaHTejibCTBOM T. AnneBa: 
«Haui napJiasieHT — nopowaeHHe aBTOpmrapHoro peacHMa», h nepe3 HecKOJibKo 
4>pa3 — «KOppynmui 3axjiecTHyna o6uiecxBO» 105 . 3a xpn c nonoBHHOH roaa, 
npomeauiHX c naaeHita BJiacTH AjmeBa — EarapOBa, b A3ep6aHaacaHe b 3Ha™- 
TejibHOH Mepe ycne™ cMeHHTbca aaacxHbie HOMeHKJiaxypHbie KnaHH, h hobm 
HOMeHKJiaTypa, cocTaBJiaioiaaa 6ojibiiiHHCTBO BepxoBHOro CoBera, 6oHTca bo3- 
BpameHHH AjiHeBa eaBa jih He 6ojibine, neM HapoaHO(|)pOHTOBCKHX «njie6eeB», 
h b OTBex Ha 3th yrpo3bi B cboh aapec npHHHMaeT 3aKOH, no KorapoMy npe3H- 
aeHT A3ep6aHa>KaHa He MOHcex 6biTb cxapuie 65 aex (hto aBTOMaTHHecKH bhbo- 
anx AjiHeBa H3 arpbi). 

Haex caoscHaa h «MajT0Bpa3yMHTenbHaa» 6opb6a BOKpyr Toro, k KOMy 
Bce-TaKH aojiacHa nepetrrH, kbk aojiacHa 6bm> o^opMnena BepxoBHaa Baacxt. 
B Haqajie H<t>A — npOTHB npe3HaeHXCKHx Bbi6opOB b ycaOBHax bohhh h 3a 
co3aaHHe KoanHUHOHHoro npaBHTejibcraa. Ho noneMy-xo (bo3moskho, 3aect 
cbirpajio ponb cxpenmeHHe %. MaMeaOBa cxaxb npe3naeHTOM) 106 BepxoBHbifi 
CoBeT npHHHMaeT pemeHHe o suSopax 7 HioHa 1D7 . Toraa HOA conramaexca, 
BbiaBHHyB KaHaHflaxypy A. 3abiH6esr. Hepe3 HeKOXopoe Bpeina y aenyraxoB 

HBHO B03HHKaiOX COMHeHHfl, HO npOCTO XaK OXMeHHTb pemeHHe HCB03MO5KH0. 

Ha^ajiacb H36HpaxejrbHaa KaMnaHHa. 

B HeH ynacTByiOT Bee KpynHbie 4>Hrypbi ToraauiHeH nojiHTH^ecKofi cu.e- 
Hbi — A. 3jibHH6eft, T. KapaeB, SI. MaMeaOB, 3. MaMeaoB, A. AaH3aae h ap. 
Ho nocxeneHHO MHorHe Bbixoaax to Hrpw, CMbicn Koxopofi ana hhx 6bui npocxo 
b Hcnoab30BaHHH KaMnaHHH ana caMOpeicnaMbi, h BbipHcosbiBatorca ase ochob- 
Hbie (})Hrypbi — A. 3abHH6ea h o^eHb KoaopHTHaa (|iHrypa Hh33MH Cy^eiiMa- 
HOBa, 1945 roaa po»caeHHa, ^Jiena-KoppecnoHaexa AKaaeMHH HayK A3epoaH- 
a>KaHa, npeaceaaTena ^eMoxpaTHHecKoro coK>3a HHTeaaHreHiiHH A3ep6aHaaca- 
na, pa36pacLiBaBiuero o6emaHHa Hanpaso h Hajieso. «raaBHoe, — roBopHa oh 
b HHTepBbK), — caeaaxt >KH3Hb aroaefi ayniue. H a 3Haio, hxo Mory 3to caenaTb, 
h 3Haio, KaK 3xo caejiaxb». HyscHo «HCKaTb pa3pemeHHe KpH3HCH0fi cnxyauHH b 
pecnySjiHKe Ha nyxax xexHHiecKoro nporpecca». JJaaee Hayr $pa3bi, Koxoptie 

146 



. A3ep6aHAjKaHCKaa p esOAiouHg 

MoacHO 6e3 H3MeHeHHH BKJiioqaTb b KaKoe-HH6yai, napoiwpyiomee nojiHTHKOB 

3CTpaflH0e BHCTyiUieHHe. TeXHHHeCKHMH CpeflCTBaMH, pa3BHTHeM HOBHX BO0- 

pyaceHHeH (b A3ep6aHaacaHe!) oh o6emaeT 3a TpH Mecaua noKOHwrt c Kapa- 
6axcKHM koh<|>jthktom h nepe3 roa npeaocTaBHTt KaxcaoMy a3ep6aHfl)KaHuy 
KBaprapy, He ysejiHHHBaa rocSsofljKeTa 108 . Ilpas^a, 3ta npeaeiibHaa « H eocTO- 
poacHOCTt» b o6emaHHsx ccweTaeTCH y Hero c cmeHb 6ojimuoh octopojkhoctmo, 
Koraa oh roBopHT o A. MyTanHOOBe h T. AjiHeBe' 09 . BaKHHCKaa Bepxyunca He 
Morjia HaiiTH Jiynmero KanaHaaTa, icpoMe 3Toro neJiOBeica. Ho, oHeBH/mo, OHa 
noHHMaeT Bee see, hto oco6om Haaexmw Ha H. CyjieflMaHOBa 6bm, He MoaceT 
h iuaHCbi pa36HTb c ero noMombio A. 3nbHn6eH HeBenHKH 1 10 . 

H Tyr co6biraa npHHHMaroT hobbih, HeoatHflaHHbiH h ranHHHbiH ana a3ep- 
6afuiacaHCKOH HcropHH Tex neT o6opoT. 9 Maa nana LUyuia — nocjieflHHH oiuiot 
a3ep6afta5KaHLteB b Kapa6axe. OneBHaHo, 3to 6mjio bocitphhhto cxopoHHHicaMH 
MyxanH6oBa xax HarasflHoe aoKa3axenbCXBO Toro, Tro h xpareflHa b XoflMca- 
jih — He ero BHHa. «rapflauuibir» k «ToB6e» opraHH3yiox nHKexti y 3/iaHna 
BepxoBHoro Cosera, Tpe6ya B03BpameHHa MyTajiHSoBa h pocnycKa Mminn 
MeaaoiHca. Ho, ecrecTBeHHO, caMoe BaiKHoe npowcxoflHT b tchh, h KaK Bee 3to 
npoHCxojiHJio, flOraaaTtca xpyflHo. HO A He o6pamaji oco6oro BHHMaHHa Ha He 
TaKHe yac 6oJibuiHe riHKexbi MyTajiHSoBueB h .najibHeKiiiHMH co6wth3Mh 6mji 
3acTnrHyT Bpacnnox. 

14 Maa co6HpaeTCH ceccna BepxoBHoro Cosexa, Ha Koxopoft — 241 nejjo- 
BeK H3 360 (HOA no3jiHee yxBepxmaji, hto 6buio scero 229 HejiOBeK, hto 
MeHbine KBOpyiwa). Ha new 3acjxyuiHBaexca aOKJiaa aenyTaTCKOH komhcchh, 
co3flaHHOH aim aHajiH3a oScToaxejibcxB xoA»cajiMHCKOH Tpare^HH. Bwboa ko- 
mhcchh: «Mh ycxaHOBniiH... hto HMeerca xaJiaTHOcxb, h 3to npH3HaHo 
A. MyxajiH6oBbiM, ero Hepa36opHHBaa h HenpoflyinaHHaa KaapoBas noJiHXHKa, 
ho HeT npeflaTeiibCTBa...» Hcthhhmc bhhobhhkh xpareflHH ycxaHOBJieHH, ho ao 
OKOHHaHHa cjieacxBHa hx HMena Syayx aepacaxbca b ceKpexe. 

nocne axoro BbicrynaeT pan flenyraTOB, roBOpamnx o tom, hto npHHaxwe 
6 Mapxa oxcraBKH npe3HjieHTa npOH3ouuio nozt aasjieHHeM h 6e3 aocTaTOHHbix 
ocHOBaHHH. TyT »;e npoHcxo^HT ronocoBaHHe, m peuieHHe ot 6 MapTa oxineHa- 
exca («3a» — 230 lejioseK). Coiuiaji-aeMOKpaT A. AjiH3aae aaace npeAJioacHn 
npHHaTb pe30JirouHK>, KBajiHcJwuHpyioiuyio coSbiTHa 6 MapTa KaK rocyaapcT- 
BeHHbiK nepeBOpoT, Hero Bce-TaKH peuiHUH He aejiaTb. Tyr ace noaBJiaexca My- 
TanHSoB, Ha3Haqaexca hobhh npeMbep, ParHM TyceHHOB, pacnycKaexca Ha- 
UHOHanbHoe Co6paHHe, BbiSopbi oxMeHaioxca, nojiHTH^ecKaa aeaTe^bHocTb 3a- 
npemaeTca, oStasnaeTca soeHHoe nojioxeHHe. MyrajiH6oB npoH3HOCHT pe^b, 
b KOTOpOH roBopHT: «Ecjih CTpane HyxceH flHKTaTop, htoSh cnacTH ee ot KaTa- 
CTpo<t)bi, to a — TaKOH flHKraTOp» ln . UapHT nHKOBaHHe, Bee uejiyioTca, 
uieftx-yjib-HCJiaM roBopHT: «3to — bcuhkhh aeHb», TaacAH A6ayJi, jinaep 
«ToB6e» — «Mw BHflenH, hto HMaM Xomchhh cinor Bepofl bo BceMorymero 

147 



AmhtphR tPYPMAH, Aah ABACOB 



Anaaxa H3rHaTb maxa, h cennac mm Hainefi sepofi flocrarjiH noao6Horo. Ajuiax 
Aic6ap!» 112 . Tyx xe MyTajiHSoB 3aaBJiaex o tom, hto HeoSxoaHMO paTH<|iHU.H- 
pOBaTb florosop 06 CHr" 3 . OneBHaHO, 6bin pacnex Ha BMeuiaTejibCTBO poccHH- 
ckoh apMHH, k KaKne-xo ocHOBaHHa fljm TaKoro pacnexa 6tuiH. 

Jlajiee, OaHaKO, CoSblXHS npHHHMaKDT HOBfclH o6opOT, BbUlHBUIHCb b Kap- 

THHy, noHcanyii, HaH6oiiee 6nH3Kyio k o6pa3uaM peBomouHOHHtix coSmthh 
npomnoro — Haiana Hauiero BeKa H3 Bcex KapTHH noJiHTHMecKOfl 6opb6bi, ko- 
Topbie mojkho 6bmo Baaexb Ha TeppHTopHH 6biBuiero CCCP 3a nocaeaHHe roabi 
(KpoMe, HaBepHoe, coShthh b HeHHe, CBjreaHHbix co CBepxeHweM 3aBraeBa). 
y 3flaHHa uiTaS-KBapTHpbi H3>A coGnpaeTcs mhxhhi - , kotopmh cTaHOBHTcs Bee 
ooabiue, He pacxoaHTCH h HOHbio. JIioan BoopyxeHbi, noasmiHCb aaace Ka- 
KHe-TO SpoHeMauiHHbi. Best soeHHaa nacTb onepauHH Haxoanxca b pynax Hc- 
KaHflepa raMHflOBa. PyKOBoacTBO HOA npe/rwiBimeT BepxOBHOMy CoBeTy 
yjibXHMaxyM — ao 13 nacoB 15 Man OTMeHHTb npHHaxwe HaKaHyHe peuieHHS, 
hb 15 nacoB xojina c neMHein xypettKoro Mapma HHbinap flBHScexca k 3flaHHio 
BepxoBHoro CoseTa, rae ee BCTpenaex 6brcxpo noaaBJieHHaa cxpejiboa c Kptim 
(y6nx 6bia oanH, a paHeHO flBa neaoBeKa), nocne Hero 3aaHHe saxBaxbiBaeTca 1 14 . 
B 19 nacoB o6iHBaaexca, hto Bee BoficKa nepexoaax noa KOHxpoab H<1>A, 
h b 21 nac 6e3 unypMa 3aHHMaexca npe3HaeHTcKMfi aBOpeu, to Koxoporo yace 
SescariM (KaK h A. Be3MpOB — b MocKBy, Ha bochhom caMOJiexe) A. MyrauHSos 
h ero oKpyaceHHe. 

18 Mas npoHcxoawx HOBaa ceccua «ono3opHBineroca» h aeMopaaH30BaH- 
Horo BepxosHoro CoBeTa (ana KBopyMa aenyxaxoB oTJiaBJiHBanH h aocxaBJianH 
nyrb jih He chjioh, — HOA CTpeMHJica k co6jnoaeHHio Bcex 3aKOHHbix c]>op- 
MaabHocxeH), na KoxopoH .H. MaMeaoB noaaex b oxcraBKy. .ZJeaaerca Kaicaa-xo 
nonbiTKa b nocaeaHioio MHHyry BH3BaTb H3 HaxjineBaHH He noaaepacaBEiero 
MyxanHSoBCKHH nepesopox T. AaiieBa (aenyxaxsi H3 «HOMeHKJiaTypHoro» 
6oJibuiHHCXBa xBaxaioTCH 3a Hero, KaK 3a coJioMHHKy, oh Bce-xaKH Jiynuie aaa 
hhx, neM H<I>A), ho flo Hero «He ao3BOHHJiHCb» (r. AjineB peiiiHJi, ohcbhjiho, 
hto ero BpeMa eme npnaeT h ceirac BCTynaTb b 6opb6y eiwy paHo), h H36npa- 
exca Bce-xaKH HapoaHO<|>poHxoBeu. H. TaMSap, ero 3aMecTHxejieM cxaHOBHXca 
T. Kapaes. ^[erryxaxbi OKa3bmaioT oxnaaHHoe conpoTHBaeHHe, ho nocne ann- 
xeiibHoro oGcywaeHHa h xpex neperonocoBanHH Bee *e BbmyacaeHbi nepeaaxb 
Bee cboh nojiHOMonna HauHOHajibHOMy Co6paHHK>, Koxopoe ohh 3a HecKoabKO 
aHeS ao 3xoro o6"bHBHJiH pacnymeHHbiM. 

B HKme BJiacxb HOA nerajiH3yexca BbiSopaMH npe3HaeHxa — nepBWMH 
b hctophh A3ep6aHfl3KaHa nocjie Bbi6opoB b YHpeanxejibHoe co6paHHe Poc- 
chh b 1917 roay aeMOKpaxHHecKHMH BbiSopaMH 115 . B BbiSopax ynacTBOBajio 
76,3 npoueHxa H36HpaxejieH. B BaKy k ypHaM npnwno TOJibKO 67,9 npoueH- 
Ta. A. 3itbHH6eK nony^Ha 59,4 npoueHxa. Ero raaBHHM conepHHKOM 6bui 
H. CyneHMaHOB, roaocoBaHne 3a Koxoporo, oneBHaHO, 6biao CKopee rojio- 



148 



A3ep6afiajKaHCkaa peBOAiouHH 



coBaHHeM npoTHB 3ni.MH6esr, h KOTopwii, HecMOTpa Ha (JjapcoBfciK xapaKTep 
cBoeii nporpaMMM, nojiyHHJi 33 npoueHTa. 3a %. MaMeaoBa nporojiocoBajio 
1,7 npoueHTa 116 . HanSojibiuee ^hcjio tojiocob (88,19 npoueHTa) A. 3ju>hh- 
6efl nojiyqHJi b HaxHHesaHH, Ha poflHHe, Si. MaMeaoB, Ha6paBinnfl Bcero 
1,7 npoueHTa, y ce6s Ha poflHHe, b Keaa6eKCKOM pafloHe, nojiyHHJi 
63,8 npoueHTa. 

noSeaa HOA 6bma no6e«oii Sojiee HauHOHajibHoK h 6ojiee ^epeBeHCKOH 
qac-TK o6mecTBa Haa Sojiee pycH((>HUHpoBaHHOH h ropoacKofl, xoTa Bwcxynajia 
3Ta «HH30Baa» HauHOHajibHaa Macca — h b 3tom nopa3HTejibHaa ocoSeHHocTt 
a3ep6aHflacaHCKOH nojiHTHHecKOH *CH3HH — noa 3anaflHHnecKHMH h JinSepajib- 
HO-aeMOKpaTHHecKHMH no3yHraMH, B3HTbie ee npeflBoaHTejisMH H3 HfleonorHH 
pecnySjiHKH 1918 — 1920rofloa. 



8. FlpaBAeHMe HapoAHoro (Ppom-a 

K BJiac™ b A3ep6aHaacane npHxonHT, oieBHflHo, HaHoojiee «peBOJiiouH- 
OHHasi» no flyxy rpynnapoBKa, B03rnaBJiseMaH HanQojiee «HjieajiHCTHHecKHM» 
nonHTHKOM, H3 Bcex rpynn h hojihthkob, npaBsuiHX b pa3Hbix CTpanax SbiBiue- 
ro CCCP. Ilpe3HaeHTa oKpyscaroT jikmxh, b SojibiiiHHCTBe csoeM — TaKHe ace 
HHTejuinreHTbi nepBoro noKoneHHa, Bbixoaubi va aepeBHH, KaK caM 3jibHH6eH, 
KaK h oh, He npouiejiiiiHe no CTyneH^M SiopoKpaTHHecKOH HepapxH^ecKOH 
jiecTHHUbi h npHineauiHe k cbohm nocxaM tcaic peBOJiiouHOHHbie BbWBH>KeHUM. 
3i'° — n. TyceHHOB, poflHBuiHHca b cane, b ceinbe KOJixo3HHKa, kohhhbeiihh 

BEY H SblBIUHH MJiaflUIHM HayHHbIM CQTpyflHHKOM HHCXHTVTa 4>HJIOCO(J>HH 

h npaBa, craBiUHH rocceicperapeM, a 3axeM h npeMbep-MHHHCTpoM, H. IHnpHHOB, 
xoace poaHBUiHiiCH b cene h kohhmbiuhh Ery, cTaBUiHH roccoBeTHHKOM no 
npaBOBofi noJiHTHKe, A. TaflaoieB, Toace poahbluhhck b cene h kohhhbiuhh STY 
(mm BHaHM noHTH CTannapxHyio 6Horpa;})KK), noBTOparomyw 3m.™6eeBCKyio), 
CTasmHH roccoaeTHHKOM no paSore c TeppHTopnajibHbiMH opraHaMH BJiacTH 117 . 
Mhhhctpom HHOCTpaHHbix fleji cxaji ({)k3hk T. TacuMOB, npeacTaBHTeneM 
A3ep6aHA»caHa b Pocchh — 6ho(J>H3HK X. raa>KH3afle, mhhhctpom ooopOHH 
yxce npa SI, MaMeflOBe CTan npenoflaBaTeJib MaTeMaTHKH P. Ka3HeB, mhhhctpom 
BHyrpeHHHX aen — 6biBiiiHH onepaTHBHHK OBXCC, aBsxjai yBOJTbHaBuiHHca 
co cjijtk6h, H. TaMHflOB. EbuiH cMeHeHH Bee raaBbi HcnojiHHTejibHOH BJiacTH Ha 
Mecxax. 3to — hchto noxoacee Ha to, hto 6mjio 6u b Pocchh, ecuH 6bi k BJia- 
cth npHinjia nenocpeacxBeHHO paflHKanbHaa «fleMOKpaTHMecKa« Pocchs», BMe- 
cxo EiTbUHHa 6bui 6bi KaK0H-HH6yflb OTCnaeBiiiHH flHCCHfleHT, a mhhhctpom 
HHOCxpaHHHX flen CTan, CKajKeM, K). A(|»aHacbeB hjih JI. EaTKHH. EcTecxBeHHO, 
3to jiHuib HeKOTOpaa aHanormt, a He ToacaecTBO, h6o «,U,eMPoccHa» — b co- 
BepiueHHO hhoh conHajibHOH h KyjibTypHOH cpene h, cjieflOBaTenbHO, caMa — 

149 



AMHTpMH CpyPMAH, Aah AEACOB 



coBepuieHHO HHaa. H TeM He MeHee aHajionta 3aecb ecn>. npHOiHH «HOBbie jiio- 
AH», He npeflcraBHTenH HOMeHKJiaTypHoft 3jihtm, h, HacKOJibKO Mti ce6e npea- 
CTaBJiaeM, TaKoro 6ypHoro npHTOKa «hobmx JiK>fleH» b pyKOBOflCTBO He 6buio 
HHrae b 6wBiueM CCCP (onsTt-TaKH, Kpoiwe ayflaeBCKoii HeiHH, rue «HOBbie 
jikxhhw, BnponeM, 6biim cobccm ^pyree) 1 1S . H nepBoe spewa aejia hoboh BnacTH 
Hflyr He TaK njioxo. 

B Hanane oicTa6pa Mhjuih Mchhuihc OTBepraeT florcreop 06 CHT, a A. 3nt- 
HHSefl coBepmaeT BH3HT b MocKBy, rae KpaftHe pa3apaacaeT mockobckhc BJiacrn 
TeM, hto BejteT ce6a KaK «HacToamHH» npe3HiieHT «HacTOHinero» rocy^apcTBa 
h flasce seaeT neperoBopu nepe3 nepeBOflHHKa. A3ep6aftaacaHy yaartocb (hto 
3jii.MH6eH CHHTaji flocTHweHHeM h b hSm c hhm MoacHO 6buio 6h comacHTbca, 
ecjiH 6m mm He 3HaJiH, k3k eMy b KOHeiHOM cnere npnimiocb 3a 3to pacnna- 
thtbch) 6e36oJie3HeHHO, npeaocTaBJisa o<JwuepaM, 0Tbe3H;aiouiHM H3 A3ep6aK- 
aacaHa, 6ojibiriHe .aeHencHbie KOMneHcauHH 3a KBaprapw h npHHHMaa jKejiaio- 
iuhx ocTaTbca Ha soeHHyio cny»;6y, H36aBHTbc« ot pacKBapTHpOBaHHOH 3flecb 
poccHHCKoii apMHH (nocjieAHaa nacTb noKHHyjia TKHjisKy b KOHue Mas 1993 ro- 
aa, ocTaBHB 3nbHn6eK) «noaapOK» b BHfle CypeTa TyceHHOBa). 

B pe3ynbTaTe HacTynneHHH neTOM 1992 roaa a3ep6afizuKaHuaM yaajiocb 
BnepBbie HaHeerH nopaiKeHHe apMSHaM, sanae flBa pafiOHa — nepBbie h no- 
cneaHHe peanbHbie ycnexH a3ep6aHfl3KaHCKOH apMHH b bohhc HoBaa BJiacTb 
CMorJia (b pe3yjibTaTe 6ypHOii h 34>4>eKTHBHOH aesrrenbHocTH hoboto MHHHerpa 
BHyrpeHHHX aen H. FaMHiiOBa, HrpaBtuero b HapoflHo^poHTOBCKofi peBO.mou.HH 
pojib CBoero pona <t>. XE3epiKHHCKOro, paccrpejiHBaBinero ae3epTHpoB h aaBaB- 
uiero ncypHajiHCTaM HHTepBbw c npocTpeneHHOH h nepeBsreaHHOH pyKOfi) 119 
cSwTb Hapaciaromyio Bonny npeCTynHoCTH (ecTecTBeHHO, HMeeTca b Buoy 
HeopraHH30BaHHaji npecTynHOCTb, npoflBJiaiomaHca b ySHiicTBax, H3HacHJioBa- 
hhsx, orpa6jieHMHx) m npHociaHOBHTb o6o3HaHHBuryK>cs TeHaeHumo k pacna- 
ay, npeBpameHHio pafioHOB b 3aMKHyTbie h npaKTHHecKH He3asHCHMMe «khh- 
5KecTBa», BHyTpw KOTopwx khitht 6opb6a KJiaHOB 120 . HecMOTpM Ha He OHeHb 
onpeaejiHBinyioca 3KOHOMHHecKyio nojiHTHKy (HapoaHOcfipoHTOBUbi HcnyrajiHct 
ixieauieH.npH MyTajiH6oBe HOMeHKJiaTypHo-KpHMHHajibHOH npHBaTH3auHH 121 , 
h xeMnbi npHB3TH3auHH npH hhx cHH3HJiHCb 122 ) h npoaoiDKaiomeecH naaeHHe 
np0H3B0flCTBa, npaBHTenbCTBy yaanocb CKonHTb BajnoTHbift h 30jiotoh 3anac h 
noaroTOBHTb BBeaeHHe MaHaTa. Ebuia nposeaeHa pe$opMa chctcmh nocnynjie- 
hhh b By3bi — BBeaeHa TecTOBaa CHCTeMa, npaKTHHecKH HCKJHOHaromaa Kop- 
pyniiHK) (hto, ecrecTBeHHO, Bbi3Bano KOJioccanbHoe npoTHBoaeficTBHe npo<f>ec- 
copCKO-npenoflaBaTejibCKoro cocxaBa) . 

He jicho, cjienyeT im npHHHcnaTb k aocTHJKeHHSM paa CHMBOJiHnecKHx 

KyjlbTypHblX Mep, npH3BaHHbIX B COOTBeTCTBHH C HapOAHOlJipOHTOBCKOH 

HaeoJiorHeH noanepKHyTh pa3ptiB c pyccKHM «KOJiOHHajiH3MOM» h BXOJStgeHHe 

B TK>pKCKHH MHp B03BpailieHHe JiaTHHCKOTO aji<})aBHTa, npHHHTHe HOBblX 

150 



A3ep6aHA>KaHCKaa pesoAiouMS 



o^HnHajitHbix Ha3BaHHM HauHH h A3tiKa — «a3ep6afia»:aHCKHH nopoK» 
h «a3ep6aHaacaHCKHH xk>pkckhh» (nocKOJibfcy b a3ep6aw,n>KaHCKOM soiree HeT 
oTflejibHbix cjiob jura iiohj(xhh «TypoK» h «TiopoK», 3to 3ByHano HecKOJibico 
AByCMbicjieHHo) . Ho npasirrejibCTBy yaajiocb b ochobhom noracHn. noHHTHbie 
CTpaxH HayMeHbuiHHCTB nepefl 3thmh npoaBneHHaMH TiopKCKoro HauHOHartH3- 
Ma npHHHTHeM oneHb aeMOKpaxHqecicoro 3aKOHa o KyjibxypHOH aBTOHOMHH. 
B o6meM, onpeaejieHHbiH Ha6op flocxHJKeHHfi y npHuiearanx k BJiac™ Hapoa- 
HO(J)poHTOBueB 6bin. TeM He Menee nocTeneHHO Havana BbiasjiHTbca corjHajib- 
Haa h30jihuhh peacMina, oTcyrcTBHe y Hero (HecMOipa Ha KOJioccaiibHyro «peBO- 
jiHJUHOHHyio TOJiny», CMCTmyio MyTajin6oBa) npoiHow MaccoBOH 6a3M. 

A. 3j[bHH6eH Be.neT ce6a KaK Boitmb HauHOHanbHo-fleMOKpaTHiecKOH pe- 

BOJ1HDUHH, KOTOpaa flOJDKHa BCKOpe OXBaTHTb BeCb TKipKCKHH MHp, H He 60HTCH 

6pocnTb BH30B MoryuiecTBeHHbiM BparaM. Ero opneHTauHa — BHeuiHenojiHXH- 
qecicaa, HaeojiorHMecKaa, KyjibrypHaa — eciecTBeHHO, Ha TypqHio h 3anaa, 
npHneM TypuHH ana Hero — 3TO 3anaaHaa aeMOKpaxHHecfcaa cTpaHa b TiopK- 
ckom h MycyjibMaHCKOM MHpe. B CBoeH pera bo Bpeiwa noe3aKH b TypuHio, 
oneHb CTpaHHO 3BynameH ana pyccKoro HiiTaxejia, y KOToporo TypuHH Bee eme 
3aHacTyro accouHHpyeTca c aHbinapaMH, (JpecicaMH h apMaHCKHM renoiwioM, 
oh roBopwn: «CBameHHa anaTOJiHHCKaa 3einjia, b KOTOpofi noKOHTca npax 
Myciaijtbi KeMajia ATanopKa... AaaMa MHLjKeBHHa h flpyrax 6opuoB 3a cboSo- 
ay. CTaM6yn Bcer.ua 6bui OTKpwr juix Bcex, KOMy aopora nn,eH CBo6oflbi» 124 . 
3nh<m6eH nocTOHHHO noanepKHBaji cboh CHMnaxHH k H3paHJiK> h aHXHnaTHH 
k (JiyHflaMeHTajiHCTCKOMy HpaHy, ynieTaiomeMy kbkhux a3ep6aHa>fcaHueB. Oh 
0TKa3biBajica bohxh b CHT, ho Bbipascaex cojimiapHOcxb c pocchhckoh aeMO- 
KpaTHefi h aaace CHHxaex cbohm aonroM nocjiaTb EjibUHHy, Koraa einy yrpoHcan 
HMnHHMeHT, TeJierpaMMy noaaepacKH (b KOTOpofl EnbUHH Bpaa jih Hyamajica 
h KOTopyio oh 3bho He oueHtoi). O cpe^Hea3HaTCKHx peacHMax oh He cxecHaex- 
ca BbicKa3WBaTtca cnejiyiomnM o6pa30M: ^..^epes HedconbKO MecaueB pacxy- 
mee TaM HapojjHoe flBHaceHHe CMeTeT HWHeuiHee pyKOBoncxBo — cennac He- 
bo3mo»:ho 3aflyuiHTb cxpeMJieHHe Haponos k CBo6oae» 12S , h npHHHMaeT y ce6a 
6eataBiiiHx H3 CpeflHefi A3hh jiHCCHfleHTOB 126 . H He 6oacb apa3HHTb Pocchk) 
h npoaBJiaa «XK>pKCKyio conHflapHOCTb», oh nocbuiaeT M. llIafiMHeBy b cbh3h 
c npHHSTHeM TarapcTaHOM hoboh KOHCTHTyuHH fljiHHHyKD no3flpaBHiejibHyio 
TenerpaMMy, b KOTOpofi roBopn^ocb KOJiOHHajibHOM yrHCTeHHH, «repOHHe- 
ckom TaxapcKOM Hapoae» h o tom, hto «kohcii XX CTOJieTmi 3HaMeHyeTca npo- 
SyacaeHHeM h B03poameHHeM nopKCKoro MHpa» 127 . 

Co3flaeTca omymeHHe, hto 6e3ycjioBHbre HfleajiH3M h HCKpeHHOCTb 
A. 3jibHH6ea, noMOraBiiiHe eMy 3aBopaacHBaTb Tonnw, b KaKoii-TO Mepe npH- 
BejiK ero k yTpaTe KOHTaKTOB c peajitHocxbio. Koraa HaHHHaexca peBOJiiouH- 
oHHbiii npouecc b rpoMajiHOM perHOHe, CTpaHa, b KOTopoB nepBOfi no6eflHJia 
peBOJifouwa, MO»ceT 6pocHTb nepiaxKy BCeM cbohm coceaaM cpa3y. TaK Shjio 



151 



Amhtphm CDYPMAH, Aah ABACOB 



c peBOJiiouHOHHOH G>paHU.HeH, 3aTeM — c CoBercKofi PocCHefr. H 3m>Hn6eio, 
oneBUKHO, npeflCTaBJMnoci. Henro nofloSnoe — o6menopKCKaa HauHOHanb- 
Ho-aeMOKpaTHHecKas peBonrouHH. Ho ee He npoH3oniJio. Bojiee toto, h a3ep- 
6afia»:aHCKaa peBOJifoumi b 3HaiHTejii>HOiS Mepe npeacTaBJia^a co6oh Bbi3BaH- 
huh ocoGhmh o6cTO>rrejii.cTBaMH CTHXHHHbift 6yHT, nepeBec™ 3Hepraio koto- 
poro b co3HaaTej]bHOe pycno Hapo,nHo4>poHTOBu.bi 6hjih He b coctoahhh. 

PeanbHaa noflaepacKa HapoflHo<ppoHTOBCK0ft HfleoJiorHH 6ujia oneHb 
CJia6a. Maccosaa noflnepjKica HOA 6buia CBssana He ctojibko c TeM, hto Hapoa 
fleficTBHTenbHo pa3flenaji HapoflHoctpoHTOBCKHH «3anaaHHHecKHH» sapiiaHT Ha- 

UHOHajIH3Ma, CKOJIbKO C HailHOHajIbHHM nOffbeMOM, BbI3BaHHHM BOHHOH B Ka- 

pa6axe. Ho aaise h 3tot nojrbeM He 6bui TaKHM yitc chjii.hhm h npoHHHM. A3ep- 
SaHaaKaH BcnMXHBan noa BJiHHHweM tojihkob rnna xojpscaJiHHCKoro, h b 3-tot 
MOMeHT Hapoa Mor CBeprayrb npaBHrejieft h nepeaaTb BJiacTb onno3HUHH (npo- 
cto noTOMy, hto OHa — onno3Hu>w), ho flHCiwnmHHHpoBaHHOCTH, cnnoHeHHO- 
cth, cnoco6HOCTH nepeHOCHTb THroTbi bo hms o6[ueHanHOHanbHOH u.ejm y Hero 
He B03HHKano. BcntiiuKH, KOTopbix ywe 6bmo HecKOJibKO, 6bicrpo racjiH, h jiw- 
ah CHOBa norpyacajiHCb b oSbiHHyio 5kh3hi> MajieHbKHX KJiaHOBbix h JioKanbHHx 
mhpkob, npoaBJiaa no OTHOiueHHio k hoboh BJiacTH yjsce He 6binoS 3Hiy3Ha3M, 
a Bee Ty ace 6e3pa3JiHHHyK> JiosuibHOCTb, Korapaa TaK aonro npoaBJianaci. k My- 
TajiH6oBy. 

CaMwe KynbTypHO BecTepHH3HpoBaHHbie (pycH<|>HUHpoBaHHbie) otioh 6k»- 
pOKpaTHH h HHTejinHreHUHH BOBce He npHBCTCTBOBajiH uapcTBo HapOflHO(j)pOH- 
tobckhx <<BbicKOHeK», c HocTanbrHefi BcnoMHHanH HeaaBHee npouuioe, Koraa 
ynpaBJWHH «KOMneTeHTHtie» jhojth (cjiobo «KOMnereHTH0CTi>» craHOBHTca b 3-to 

BpeMH JIJOOHMblM CJIOBOM 6aKHHCKOH 3JlHTbl). JlKPflH C MOCKOBCKHMH CBH33MH, 

TeM 6ojiee — xopouio 3HaromHe pyccKHfi h ilioxo — a3ep6aHfl>tcaHCKHH, T«Hce- 
no nepeacHBajiH nepeopHeHrauHio Ha TypuHio' 28 . A caMH «BbiCKOHKH», aaace 
ecjiH ohh pa3aeiLajiH HfleH 3nbHH6ea, ncHxojiorH^ecKH ocTaBanHCb, b 6oJib- 
uiHHCTBe cboSm, HopiwajibHHMH npeflCTaBHTdisMH CBoero oSmecTBa. Mo*ceT 
SbiTb, aa*e ncHxonorHHecKH ohh 6ujih eme MeHee totobu acHTb b ycjiOBHax 
flewOKpaTHH, neM MHorae OTCTpaneHHue hmh «napTOKpaTbi». 

YnpeKH b hobom aBTopHTapH3Me pa3flaK>Tca co Bcex ctopoh, He tojibko ot 
CTaporo Bpara H<t>A (h tojtbko coBcein b aaBHHe BpeMena, neTbipe roaa Ha3aa, 
hto b 3iy 6ypHyio anoxy ncHxoJiorHHecKH BocnpHHHMaeTca KaK apeBHaa hcto- 
pmi — OflHoro H3 ero ocHOBaTejiefi) 3. AjiH3afle !29 , ho eme HeaaBHO — Jiwaepa 
HapoflHoiJipoHTOBCKOH (JtpajcuHH b BepxoBHOM CoseTe T. KapaeBa 130 h nepe- 
iueamero ot H^teH HauHOHajibHOH flHKTaTypti k no3HUHH 3amnTHHKa npaBono- 
paaKa h npaa nHHHOCTH 3. MaMeaoaa 131 . H b 3thx ynpeKax ecrb cboh npaBaa. 

OflHHM H3 npOSBJieHHH nOBepXHOCTHOCTH HapOflHO^pOHTOBCKOrO ^eMO- 

KpaTH3Ma 6buio to, hto co6HpaBiiiHecfl BHanajie npoBecTH Bcsope nocjie npe3H- 
fleHTCKHX BbiSopoB Bbi6opti B napnaineHT Jiwaepbi Hd>A 3aTeM ctanH TSHyTb 



152 



A3ep6aPJA*aHCKaa peBOAiouHa 



c 3thm, npeanoqHTaa hmcti, fleno c HauHOHaiiLHMM CoSpaHneM, 3airyraHHbie 
KOMMyHHC-nnecKHe aenyra™ Koroporo npoaBiouiH nojraoe nocnyiuaHHe (3a *rro 
Enocjie^cTBHH HapoOTo^pOHTOBUH h nonnaTHJiHCb, h6o tsk see nocjiyuiHH sth 
AenyTaTH 0Ka3ajmcb h CHJiaM, npHineauiHM k BJiacTH b pe3yjibxaTe rycefiHOB- 
cKoro nyTHa). Ho ecjiw b Bonpoce BtiSopax ohh nepemjin ot aKTHBHocTH 

K OCTOpOJKHOCTH H nacCHBHOCTH, TO C Ha3HaneHHeM HOBblX JHOfleB 3BOJHOUHS 

Sbina npaMo npoTHBOnonoacHaa. 

BHanajie HapoflHO<J>poHxoBUbi KpaflHe ocxopoacHO noaxoxn k Ha3HaHeHH- 
hm Ha nocTM b rocyaapcTBeHHOM annapaTe. BwcTynaa nepea Tejie3pHTejisMn 
no nporpaMiwe «OcxaHKHHO» b Hanajie mona 1992 roaa A. 3jibHH6eft roBopHT: 
«MHe xoMeTca, MTo6fai bh noit»iH, hto b A3ep6aftg*:aHe' He npHiiura k BJiacTH 
onno3HUHOHHbie chjih. ripocTo-Hanpocxo Jlpe3HaeHTOM H36paH npeacxaBHTeJib 
HOA h b pyKOBoaamHH siuejioH Ha3HaHeH0 HecKOJitKo hobmx jnoaefi. B rocy- 
aapcTBeHHOM annapaie A3ep6afi.n3KaHa paSoxaeT Sojiee 5 Tbican JiiofleH. Hobeix 
jiroaeft b HeM Bcero 120» 132 . (Ha cBoetu nocry nepBOHaiantHO 6bin ocxaBJieH 
jiaace npeMtep, Ha3HaHeHHMH MyrajiH6oBbiM bo Bpeivw ero oaHOAHeBHoro Maii- 
CKoro npaBJieHHs — P. TyceflHOB.) Ho nocTeneHHO cnxyam« MeHseTca. Opbi- 
Toe npoTHBOaeHCTBMe, .aaxce CBoero poaa 6ohkot sjthtoh HapoaHo$poHTOBCKo- 
ro pyKOBoaciBa 3acTaBJiaex 3jibHH6es h ero KOMaH/ry Bee 6ojiee npoH3BOflirrb 
CMeHy annapaia. ripn stom, ecTecxBemro, KanecTBo hobmx Ha3HaneHueB chh- 
HcaeTca (na HOaojiatHocTeK Kafira nopsmoHHHX jiroaefi eme Koe-KaK mojkho, 
ho Ha 6om.uie — cjiojkho), a anneTHTH pacxyx. IlocTeneHHo era™ CMeHaxb 
h Ha3Hanaxb HOBbfx, KaK roBopHJi, hccomhchho, npeyBejiHHHBaa, ho npeyBejiM- 
HHBaa peanbHMe TenaeHiinH, 3. MameflOB, «fla»ce ao ypoBHa 6pHraflHpoB koji- 
xo3ob» . HoBbie Ha3HaneHUbi, ecTecTBeHHO, HaHHHaioT BopoBaxb h OKpyacaTb 
ce6a «cbohmh», xaic hto CMeHa JHoaeii Ha pyKOBOflamHX h BbiroflHbix aojtjkho- 
ctsx HaHHHaeT HflTH b reoMeTpHHecKoft nporpeccHH 134 . 

Bo3HHKaeT «cHe»cHbiH kom» — neM 6onbuie no3HUHii 3aHHMaK>T Hapoa- 
Ho4>pOHXOBUbi, TeM 6ojiee spaxcaeSHOH craHOBHTCH crrapaa HOMemcnaTypHaa 
BepxyuiKa, ecrecxBeHHO, coxpanaiomaa bjihhhhc h 3HaHHTejibHyK> aojiio peanb- 
hoK BJiacTH. Ho 3TO BJieneT 3a co6oh HOBbie OTCTaBKH h Ha3HaneHHa, 

Ecjih Mbi npnineM bo BHHMaHHe neH36e5KHo ycHJiHBaiomyioca npH npHxoae 
k BJiacTH BHyrpeHHioio 6opb6y b HOA, conepHHnecTBO jinaepoB, iacTb koto- 
pbix npocTo nepeuuia b oihio3hlihio, nacTb — b nojiyonno3Hu.Hio, h Bee cxann 
co3aaBaTb cboh coScTBeHHwe napTHH, TaK hto hhcjio hx nepeBajiHJio 3a 50 h He 
HMeTb CBoefl napTHH ana nojiHTHqecKoro aeaxejia cTajio npocTo HenpHjiHHHo, 
mh nOHMeM, KaK CTpeMirrejibHO crajia yMeHtuiaxbca noaaepjKKa 3jibHH6ea h ero 

KOMaHAbl. 

MoaceT 6bixb, Hurae B ce npOTHBopeHHa npaBJieHna HOA He KOHiieHrpH- 
pyiOTCJi c TaKOfi chjiom h He npHo6pexarciT TaKofl hpkom h rpoTecKHOH (JiopMbi, 
KaK b aeaTejibHocTH H. TaMHaoBa. 



153 



Amhtphh tPYPMAH, Aam ABACOB 



H. FaMnnOB — rjiaBHUH opraHM3aT0p BoccTaBiiiHx npw CBepaceHHH Myxa- 
jiH6oBa, xpa6puH nejiOBeic, npeaaHHbni 3jibHH6ero, CTpacratiH tk»pkckhh Ha- 
ilHOHajiHCT (oh TOJKe co3aaJi cbok) napTHKi, «Cepbie bojikh», HMeiomyio cbh3h 
c aHanorHHHOH naHTJOpKHCTCKOii opraHH3auHefi b TypuHH) h xeopexHnecKH, 
HfleHHO — aeMOKpaT h ctopohhhk npaBonopaaKa. Oh Ha^HHaeT «repoHHe- 
CKyio» 6opb6y c Ma<J>H03Hbi,MH KJiaHaMH, Koxopaa, oaHaKo, oqeHb 6bicTpo bh- 
poacaaeTca b CBoero poaa p3KeT, h6o o6mecxBO KoppyMirapoBaHq HacKB03b 
h 3aKOHHaa 6opb6a c KoppynuHefi npocxo Heso3MO)KHa, aa h y cainoro 
H. TaMHaoBa, KaK h y apyrnx HapoaHO<i>poHXOBCKHX aaaepoB, npaBoco3Ha- 
HHe — a3ep6aiiaMcaHCKoe. FIosTOMy oh npocTO npHxoanx co cbommh JiroabMH 
(oh CKonaHHBaet cboh oipaa, <J>opMajibHo bxojwuihh b iiojihuhio, 4>aKTHHecKH 
ero jihhhmh) k H3secTHbiM MHJuiHapaepaM h MHJiJiHOHepain h npocirr hx oxaaxb 

OHHH H3 MHJ1J1HOHOB HapOfly, X. C, 3aHHMaeTCH «peBOJlEOIIHOHHHM p3KeT0M», 

Mrpaa ponb a3ep6aHa»:aHCKoro PoShh Tyaa, CTaBiuero mhhhctpom BHyipeHHHX 
aea. H. TaMHflOB, aoBoabHO nonyaapHbiH b Hapoae, BtrcMBaex HeHaBHexb b 6a- 
KHHCKOH 3JIHTe H CTpaX, HTO OH B KOHUe KOHUOB, orrapaacb Ha CBOHX Boopy- 
xceHHbix aioaeft, cMO»ceT cxaxb «peBOJiiouH0HHbiM aHKTaTopoM» (H. TaMiytoB, 
OflHaKO, 6hji npeaaH A. 3nb4H6eio h, noxoate, k amcTaType He CTpeMHaca). 3Ta 
arMoc$epa HeHaBHcra k caMOMy apKOMy HapoflHO<|>poHTOBCKOMy «BwcKOHKe», 
BomiomeHHio «bo3omhhbliihx o ce6e xaMOB» npoflBJiaeTca b ra3exH0H TpaBJie, 
Ha KOTopyio oh cxaji oTBenaTb b CBoeM ayxe — aBJiaacb c TeJioxpaHHTejiHMH 
b peaaKUHH h coScxBeHHopynHO H36HBaa peaaKxopoB h jKypHaaHCTOB. Ilocjie 
TaKHx noxoflOB oh 3aaBJian, hxo nocTynaji TaK He KaK mhhhctp, a KaK nacTHoe 
jihuo, ocKopSjieHHbiH MyatHHHa h oSHiKeHHHe Moryr noaaBaxb Ha Hero b 
cya 135 . B KOHue kohuob noa sceo6iUHM HajKHMOM A. SabHwoero npHuiaocb 
ero CMecTHTb. 

TaKHM o6pa30M, npH Bee 66abineM pa30HapoBaHHH napoaa, ero ycxanocTH 
h B03BpameHHH b o6biiHyio a3ep6aitaacaHCKyio «apeMOTy», HapoaHO<|>poHTOB- 
CKoe pyKOBoacTBo BbBbisaer Bee Soabmyro 03Jio6jieHHOCTb CTapoft 3HHTbi. B03- 
HHKaer Bee Son bine «hobmx» o6H5KeHHbix H3 oubuihx cnoaBH>KHHKOB. Cima- 
flbisaeTca oocTaHOBKa, Bee Sojiee SaaronpHaTHaa ana 3aroBopa, flerajiH Koxopo- 
ro, ecTecTBeHHo — b TyMaHe, ho, ecaH TaK mohcho Bbipa3HTbca, couHanbHbie 
KOHTypbi KOToporo 6oaee hhh MeHee iepe3 3tot TyMaH nporaaaiiBaioT, 



9. KOHTppeBOAIOUMH 

Mm noKa3HBaeM HeKOiopyio nocneaoBaTeabHocxb coShxhh, MHorae ne- 
pexoaHbie 3BeHba Me>mry kotopumh — neacHbi, ho hx oomas jiorHnecKaa 
B3anMocBa3b oneBHflHa. B ^espaae 1993 roaa A. 3jn>HH6eH, nocae HecKoabKHX 
Heyaa 1 ! a3ep6afta>KaHCK0H apMHH Ha ceBepe KapaSaxa, OTCrpaHaeT MHHHCTpa 

154 



A3ep6aMAJKaKCKas peaoAtoutni 



oSopoHbi P. Ka3HeBa h npeacTaBHrejia npe3naeHTa b Kapa6axe nojiKOBHHKa 
C. TyceHHOBa. 06a sth leaoBeica — BbiaBHweHUbi HO A, ho Ka3HeB CTan mh- 
HHCTpOM o6opoHbi ewe ao npHXoaa k BiracTH HOA. C. rycefmoB — aHpeKTop 
inepcTo6HTHoii <J>a6pHKH, HenoBeK, otflaBuiHM CBoe cocTOHHHe Ha BOHHy, 

BOOpy>KHBlIIHH Ha CBOH fleHbrH OTpHfl, OTJIHHHBIIIHKCH BO BpeMH HaCTynJieHHH 

b Kapa6axe h nojiyHHBiiiHH ot 3nbqn6ea 3BaHHe «HauHOHanbHoro repos», 
oQhhho flaBaBiueeca toubko nocMepTHO ' 36 . 

C. TyceHHOB 0TKa3MBaexca noaHHHHTbca npHKa3y h yxoaHT co cbohm ot- 
paflOM b F«Hflacy, rae pacnoaoaceHa nocneaHax Ha TeppHTopHH A3ep6aiia*:aHa 
poccHHcicaa BOHHCKaa laerb, Koxopaa aoaatHa 6biTb BbiBeaena ueroM. Hapoa- 
Ho4>poHTOBCKoe pyKOBOflCTBO ao yxoaa pyccKHX 6ohtc3 cyHyn>C5i B THHiDKy 
ana pa3opyaceHHH TyceMHOBa, noTOMy hto MOaceT npOH30HTn KaKoe-HH6yab 

CTOJlKHOBeHHe C pyCCKHMH BOHCKaMH, a 3T0 — ocjioHCHeHHS OTHOUieHMM c Poc- 

CHeft h 3aaepxaca b BbtBoae bohck. Ho OTpaa y rycefmoBa He TaKOH yac Sojib- 
uioh, h ocoSoro 6ecnoKOHCTBa no ero noBoay A. 3jibHH6efi h ero 0Kpy»:eHHe 
ne npoaBJMK)T- 

Meamy TeM 3jn.HH6eH npoflonjKaeT HHCTKy apMeHcKoro pyKOBoaCTsa. 
B anpeae apecTOBbiBaroTca 3aMecTHTejib MHHHCTpa o6opoHbi npH Ka3HeBe 
B. Ha3apnH, nananbHHK $HHaHCOBoro ynpaBneHHa MHHHCTepcTBa T. A66acoB 
h HaMajibHHK 4>HHaHCOBofi nacTH T. MaMeaoB. ripn 3tom H3WMaerca nonTopa 
MHjinHOHa flonjiapoB h 20 mhjijihohob poccHHCKHx pySneH 137 . 3to aaer HeKOTO- 
poe npeacTasneHHe o tom, Kanne coctohhhs HaacHBanHct Ha Kapa6axcKOii boh- 
He (h nocKonbKy BoopyaceHHe ujjio He H3 A3ep6afifl)KaHa b Pocchio, a H3 Pocchh 
b A3ep6a8a)KaH, mu MoaceM npeanoaaraTb, hto pocCHHCKHe coctohhhh — 
bo MHoro pa3 6ojibiue) l:i8 . 

OHeBHflHO, 3Ta HHCTKa — oaHa H3 npHHHH CBepaceHHa 3jibHH6e«, h6o OHa 
HenocpcucTBeHHO 3aTpoHyna MHorHe MarepHantHbie HHTepecbi h nHuiHJia 3nb- 
HH6ea nOflaepacKH bochhhx. 

Hepe3 HecKoabKO flHefi nocjie OTCTpaHeHHH TyceHHOsa h ero yxoaa 
b Tanjiacy 12-ro ^espajw nponcxoaHT eme oaho co6biTHe, Bee 3HaneHHe koto- 
poro cTaHOBHTCsi acHHM JiHuib no3»ce. T. Ajihcb coBepuiaeT noe3a>cy b MocKBy 
k Easy. O neM h c KeM ihjih neperoBopbi b MocKBe, mh He 3HaeM, a b BaKy 
F. AjiHea BCTpenajica c A. 3abHH6eeM h nocne 3Toro 3a«BHJi, hto Bee aonjKHbi 
cruroTHTbca BOKpyr 3aKOHHO H36paHHoro npe3HaeHTa. Bcxpena aonatHa 6bina, 
Bpoae 6m, nojioiKHTb KOHen nepnoay oTnyxmenHH huh aaace KOHcJipoHTauHH 
Meacay Ajihcbmm h HO A, HacTynHBuieii nocne HeyaanHOH nonbmcH HaxHie- 
BaHCKoro HOA OTCTpaHHTb ero. A. 3nbHn6eH aaace CKaaaa no3»<e, hto Ajihcb 
BonnomaeT xy MacTb CTapoS HOMeHKJiaTypti, KOTopaa npnHaaa HOBbie, aeMo- 
KpaTHiecKne npasnna HipH 139 . nocJie BCTpe^w c 3irbqH6eeM Ajihcb ryjiaa no 
BaKy h npoBepaii cbok> nonyaapHOCTb — BbmcHHJioct, mto nonyaapHocTb — 
ecrb, Hapoa ero npHBeTCTByer. 

155 



AwHTpHft (DVPMAH, Aak ABACOB 



3anee coSbixwa pa3BopaqHBaiOTca xaic, hto 3acTaBJiai0T npeanojiaraxb 
eaHHbifi cueHapHH (xoxa, kohbhho, yxBepatjjaTb o ero HajiMHHH HeB03M03KHo). 
4 anpejia HanHHaeTM MouiHoe HacrynneHHe apMaH b KejibQaaxcapax, Bti3BaB- 
iuee HOBbie nOTOKH SeacemreB. Ohcbhjiho, 3HaHHTejn.Hyio pojib b ero opraHH3a- 
ijhh cbirpana Pocchs. Bo bcakom cjiynae, Koraa no poccHficKOMy xejieBHfleHHK) 
6wjia opraHH30BaHa BCTpena a3ep6aH,n)KaHCKoro h apMSHCKoro npeacraBHTejiefi 
b Mockbc a3ep6afia)KaHCKHH, X. FaaacM3afle, 3aaBHJi 06 stom, bctpcthb co cto- 
poHti CBoero apNWHCKoro KonirerH He B03pa>KeHHe, a HanoMHHaHHe tom, hto 
KoraajieTOM 1992 ro«a Hacxynajw a3ep6aHflacaH[ibi, noMorana Toace Poccna. 

Ecjih Bee npeauiecTByiotaHe BoeHHbie nopaaceHiM A3ep6a£izrjKaHa BH3HBa- 
jih MHTHHroBbie cTpacTH, Ha 3tot pa3 HHHero noao6Horo He 6bwo. Hapoa hbho 
ycTan ot Bcero h He 6mji totob hh BoccxaBaxb npoTHB 3nbHH6ea, hh 3auMmaxt 
ero. Ha bcskhh cjiynaH, ozwaKo, 3jibHH6eft bbohht BoeHHoe ncuio>KeHne. 

CnxyaiiHa, Meacay xeiw, KaxacTpo4>HHecKOH eme He Stuia. Cobct Ee3onac- 
hocth OOH npHHan pe30HKmHK), xpe6yiomyK> yxoaa apinaHCKHX bohck c 3a- 
XBaieHHbix paftOHOB, h ApineHHa, nocjie aojirHx pa3«yMHH h xep3aHHH, h aaace 
apNWHCKHe BJiacTH b Kapa6axe cornacHJiHCb c Hefl (b npiwiiHne). 3jibHH6eti 
Mor yTeuian, ce6s TeM, hto BoeHHoe nopa>KeHHe o6epHynocb aHiuiOMaTHHecKofi 
no6eaoH. 

Hepe3 HeKOTopoe BpeMa oh npeanpHHHMaex mar, Koxopbifi, ohcbhjiho, 
HyatHO Smjio npeanpHHaTb 3aaoJiro ao sxoro. Oh o6i>aBJiaeT, hto oceHbio 6yayT 
Bbi6opbi b napnaMeHT 4 . Ecjih 6bi oh aoxaHyji ao oceHH h Bbi6opbi aeftcTBH- 
xejibno cocToariHCb, to nojioaceHHe ero pe3K0 yKpemmocb 6w npH jhoSom ho 
xoae Bbi6opoB, h6o A3ep6aHa»caH nojiynHn 6bi 3aK0HieHHyK) cHCTeMy nera- 
THMHoii fleMOKpaTHHecKofi BJiacTH, jiKKBH^HpoBaib KOTopyro 6hjio 6u 3HanH- 
TenbHO TpyaHee, neM CBeprHyn, oaHoro npe3HaeHTa. Ho ecTecTBeHHo, hto 3to 
peiueHHe Bbi3Bajio naHHKy cpeaw aenyTaTOB — h HJieHOB HauHOHanbHOro Co- 
6paHHH, h Bcero xoro napxH0HO-xo3aHCiBeHHoro aKXHBa, KOTOpbifl 6bm H36pan 
npH MyTanH60Be b BepxoBHbifi Cobct h npn ero caMopocnycKe coxpaHHJi ae- 
nyTaTCKHe npasa (b tom HHCne oneHb BaatHoe npaBO aenyTaxcKOH HenpHKocHo- 
bchhocth). BocctaHOBneHHe «3aKOHHofi BJiacTH» cTaporo BepxoBHoro CoBexa 

CT3HOBHTC5I JI03yHrOM, CIUIOTHBmHM MHTOKHHKOB C npeaCTaBJieHHblMH B 3T0M 
BepXOBHOM COBeTe CTapblMH BJiaCXHHMH MeCTHMMH SJIHXaMH. 

KaiacTpo^a pa3pa3Hnacb nocJie Toro, KaK poccHHCKaa apMHa noKHHyjia 
TaHflacy 28 Maa (oneHb HeoSbinno ajm pocchhckoh apMHH — paHbuie nono- 
aceHHoro cpoKa). Cpa3y ace 6hjih nocjiaHH BOHCKa pa3opy»CHTb MaxewHoro 
nonKOBHHKa. Ho He Tyr-TO Shjio. IIojikobhhk OKa3ajica Boopyacen no 3y6oB. 
BnocneaCTBHH pocchhckhh nocon b A3ep6afifliKaHe LLIoHHa CKaaceT, hto poc- 
CHHCKaa apMHa nepe^aBana eMy opyacHe He noTOMy, hto oh MaxeacHHK, ho no- 
TOMy hto oh — nonKOBHHK a3ep6aHflacaHCK0H apMHH. 4 HiOHa npoHcxoflHT 
cxoJiKHOBeHHe, b xofle Koxoporo 6bmo y6Hxo 6ojiee 30 HenoseK m a3ep6afi- 

156 



A3ep6aRA>KaHCKan peBOAiouHS 



AxaHCKasi apMHa noTepnena coKpyuraxeJibHoe nopaaceHHe. riocJie 3xoro b TaH- 
flacy npHe3JKaeT npaEHTenbCTBCHHaji komhcch3, Koxopaa Tyr ace uenHKOM C. Ty- 
ceiiHOBbiM apecTOBWBaeTCH. 

nocne 3Toro C. TycefiHOB nocbuiaeT OTpaa k BaKy, KOTOpwfi HfleT k cto- 
jume, He BCTpeiaa HHrae HHKaKoro conpoTHBJieHHH, nocKOJibicy BoeHHoe py>co- 
BoacTBO 3aaBJiaeT, mto b «6paxoy6HficTBeHHyio BOHHy» He BCTynirr, Tpe6ya cy- 

ja Hafl BHHOBHHKaMH THHiDKHHCKOH TparejJHH, OCTaBKH 3jlbHH6ea H C03MBa 

BepxoBHoro CoBeTa (MyTajTn6oBCKoro). H^eonoriw C, TyceHHOBa, ecjiH npH- 
MeMHTejibHO k HeMy bo3mojkho TaKoe cjiobo (HeacHO, B03HHKJia OHa y Hero b 
xofle o6meHHH c pocchhckhmh o<t»mtepaMH b ranflace hjih 6buia xatcoH Bee- 
raa), — 3to Kaeononw HeonpenejieHHO «aHTH3anaflHHHecicajr», BKiuonaiomaa 
KaKOH-TO cboh sapMaHT HfleH He to HMnepiaajiHCTHHecKoro, He to MacoHcscoro 
3aroBopa (bo bchkom cnynae, oh roBopwi, hto h Tep-IIeTpocaHOM, h 3jibHH6e- 
eH ynpaajratOT oahh h Te ace chjih ) h HocTanbrHH no cnoKOHHbiM BpeMeHaM 
CoBeTCKoro CoK>3a. TaK KaK oh BwCTynaeT 3a MyTanH6oBCKHH BepxoBHHH Co- 
Eer, oh — CKOpee 3a B03BpaweHHe MyTanH6oBa, ieM 3a AiiHeBa. 

B 3T0H cirryauHH A. Sjib^HSefi oSpamaerca 3a noMouibio k AjmeBy, $Hrype, 
oneHb nonynapHOH y ero BparoB, HMemmefi SojibuiHe cb33h b Pocchh h BpoAe 6m 
coBceM He^aBHO ootSBHBaiefi CBoefi noajibHOCTH npe3HfleHTy. Ajihcb npHe3- 
acaeT 9 hiohsi b BaKy, h scrpena ero c 3jib<ui6eeM conpOBOataaerca noueiryeM. 
riocne neperoBopoB c npe3HneHT0M oh xyx ace oxirpaBJiaeTca b rannacy Ha nepe- 
roBopti c TyceHHOBbiM. IleperoBopbi 6e3pe3yjibTaTHw. TycefiHOB HenpeKxroHeH. 

B oScTaHOBKe oSmero xaoca h pacTepaHHocro Haaeambi Bcex ycrpeMJia- 
KJTca k AnHeBy. lOnioHa Hca TaM6ap noaaex b oTcrraBKy. 15hk»em Mhjuih 
MesauiHc npHHHMaer pemeHHe: cnaiana bbccth b cboh cocTaB AiiHeBa, a 3a- 
Tein, t>t ace — H36paTb ero npeaceaaTejieM Ha Mecro TaMQapa. 3a AnHesa — 
34, npOTHB — 2, 1 — B03flep»caBiiJHHca. TaKHM o6pa30M, AiiHeBa no&aepacana 
h HapoflHO(J)pOHTOBCKaa nacTB napjiaineHTa. 

3jibtiH6ea noKHHyno 6ojiluihhctbo ero CTaptix ctopohhhkob h coparaH- 
kob. Meatfly TeM CypeT TyceHHOB npH6;iH»caeTCa k BaKy, Tpe6ya npeayie Bcero 
apetrra 3jibiH6ea, h 1 7 hhjhs (ne xBaTHno pocHo o/iHoro ahs ao xoro, hto6m 
HcnonHHJica roa ero npe3naeHTCTBa) 3jibHn6eH ynexaeT b HaxHHeBaHt, b cbokj 
poaHyro ropHyio aepeBHio KeneKH. KaK tojibko 3jibHH6eK yjieTen, TaK AnneB 
3aaBJtaeT, tto oh B03MymeH ero 6ercTB0M ot CBoero Hapoaa. 24 hiohs HattHO- 
HajibHoe co6paHne aenaex AjineBa h. 0. npe3naeHxa, a 30 HK>Ha C. TyceHHOB 

CXaHOBHTCS npeMbep-MHHHCTpOM. 

MyTajiHSoBCKHH BepxoBHHK CoBeT Ajihcb Bee ace He C03biBaeT, h caM 
MyTanH6oB, kotopwh Hanan npoasjiarb KaKyio-xo atcrHBHOCXb (6binH aaace 
jioacHbie cooSmeHHa, hto oh BepHyjica b Bany), ocTanca He y aeji. 29 aBrycxa 
Bee 3T0 ocpopMJiaeTca pecJjepeHayMOM o aoBepHH 3jibHH6eK), b KOTopoM, no 
otfiHUHajibHbiM aaHHbiM, yHacTBOBano 83 npoiieirra H36HpaTejiefi, h 3a HeaoBepHe 



157 



AmhtphH <t>VPMAH, Aah ABACOB 



nporoJiocoBaiiH 92 npoueHTa. HeaonrHH nepwoa a3ep6aitaacaHCKoro aeMOKpa- 
THHecKoro 3KcnepnMeHTa kohhhjich. 

Mbi ocTaHaajiHBaeMcst b Hauiefl nonbiTice onncaTt ocHOBHbie coGbithh 
coBpeMeHHoB a3ep6aHji)KaHCKOH hctopkh Ha naaeHHH 3ntHH6esi h npHxcae 
k BJiacTH AjiHesa b kohik onpeaejieHHoro HcrapHHecHoro uHioia — noateMa 
HaijHOHaJibHO-fleMOKpaTHHecKoro ABHaceHHa, ero npHxoaa k BJiacTH h ero 
nopaweHHjr h pecTaBpaiiHH (sate Bee pecTaBpauHH b hctophh — HacxHHHoii 
h HenonHofl) BflacTH «HOMeHKJiaTypHOH» sjihtbi. ^ajitme Hananacb hobm 3no- 
xa, a ceHHac, noxoxce, y»x h oHa Haex k CBoeMy KOHtry. 

IJhkji 3tot — He cneuH^HHecKH a3ep6aHOTcaHCKKH, a, ecjra tek mojkho 
Btipa3HTCH, «o6menocTcoBeTCKHfi». Kas noa^eM HauHOHaJibHo-aeMoicpaTHHe- 
ckhx OTHHceHHH meji eaHHofi bojihoh no BceMy CCCP, Taic h hx cnaa h HOBoe 
ycHJieHwe CTapoii sjihth — 3to Toxe oSiuhh npouecc, HaiaBuiHHca b Tpy3HH 
CBepsKenneM TaMcaxypaKa. 

Ho cneuH<|>HKa npoxoacaeHHS sxoro o6mero UHKJia — cboh, HenoBTOpHinaa 
a3ep6afia>KaHCKaH. Ona HacxojibKO «cboh», mto 4>yHKUHOHajibHbie aHajiorn 
b apyrax cxpaHax, cKopee Bcero, OTKaMcyxca npn3HaTb BbinoJitMiowHX cxoaHyro 
<t>yHKiiHK) a3ep6afifl>KaHiieB 3a «cbohx». (OneHb Tpyano cica3aTb, connacmiCH 
6bi,. HanpHMep, Epa3aycicac npH3naTb ce6a «^htobckhm AjineBbiM», a JlaHac- 
6eprac — «jihtobckhm 3jibHH6eeM»). H aeficxBHTejibHo, aHanorwa 3aecb — 
CTOHb y3Kaa h orpaHHHeHHaa, h6o HCTOpHa OTHioab He CBoaHTca k UHKJiy CHa- 
Hana no6ezibi paaHKanbHbix BMXOaueB H3 HH3iueM mn-ejiJiHreHUHH najx HOMeH- 
KJiaxypofi, 3aTeM — B03BpameHna HOMeHKJiaTypbi. B JIhtbc MHpHaa, KOHCXHxy- 
UHOHHaa no6eaa Epa3aycKaca yKpenwjia aeMOKpaxHHecKHH npouecc, b A3ep- 
SaSflacaHe — pa3pyuiHJia ero, OTKpbiB hobmh, «TpexbeMHpoBCKHH» tihkji aHKxa- 
ryp, CMeHaromHXca HecTa6HJibHHMH h KOppyMnHpoBaHHHMH aeMOKparaaMH 
h apyniMH aHKraxypaMH. Ohhh h tot nee npouecc b pa3Hbix opraHH3aunax 
npHBOHHT K npHHUHnHEUItHO pa3HHM pe3yjibTaTaM. 

,D(eMOKpaTHfl b A3ep6aHaacaHe Ha 3tom u.HKJie He cocToajiacb. Oh3 apico 
«BcnbixHyjia» h 6bicTpo «noracaa» (huh 6wcxpo Sbuia norameHa). npHHHHbi 
3Toro — b coctoshhh asepoaHaacaHCKoro o6mecxBa h cneuH^Hice ero Kynbxy- 
pu. MouiHasi Haeonorn^ecKaa TpaaHUHa, naymaa ot pecny6jiHKH 1918 — 20 ro- 
.bob, xpaaHiwa TiopKH3Ma h eBponeH3Ma, b coieTaHHH c B36yaopa)KHBmHM 06- 
mecxBeHHoe C03HaHHe BHeuiiiHM 4>aKTOpOM npHBejia k apKofi BcntmiKe HauHo- 
HajiH3Ma h aeMOKpaTHH. Ho raySoKaa KyjibTypHaa ocHosa oSmecTBa, He TaK yac 
oxjiHHaiomeroca ox cpeflHea3HaxcKHX, cjienajia 3Ty BcmimKy apKOH, ho nenpoK- 
Hofi, HMeHHo BcnbiuiKofi, a He nepexoaoM k He3aBHCHMOMy aeMOKpaTHHecKOMy 
rocyaapcxBy. 

Ho 3flecb HyacHa oroBopKa — bo Bcex Taxoro poaa paccyacaeHHax, nbi- 
TaiomHxcsr HaHTH JiorHKy b co6biTnax HeaaBHero, ho see ace npouuioro, onpe- 

158 



A3ep6afii>KaHCKan peBOAiouws 



jejiMTb hx «pHTM», «MOflenH» h t, p.., ecTb onacHOCTb, BbrreKaromaa H3 HMeio- 
meft rcrySoKHe ncnxonorereecKHe KopHH ckjiohhocth jHoaeH paccMaTpHBaTb sth 

COSblTHH npOIUJIOrO, IIOCKOJlbKy OHH CTajlH HeH3MeHHbIMH, «3aCTbIJIH B BeHHO- 

cth», KaK 3HaHHTenbH0 SoJiee 3aicoHOMepHbie, neM ohh ecn. Ha caMOM aejie. 
HeaapOM yneHbie nojiHTonora c TaicoH «JierKOCTbio» o6i>acHHK)T npouuioe h 
noHTH He AeJiaioT (a ecnn flejiarox, to name Bcero — Jio>KHbie) npeacKa3aaHH. 

E[03T0My, BCe-T3KH, FteM KaaceTCH, HTO HaflO rOBOpHTb He HeB03MO>KHOCTH no- 

6em>i aeMOKpaTHH b A3ep6aH/DKaHe nocne pacnana CCCP, a numb 06 ee oneKb 
ManOH BepojtTHOCTH. HcTopHa Bceraa — oahh H3 SecHHoneHHbix bo3mojkhmx 
BapnaHTOB, h HaM AyMaerca, hto cpeflH 3thx BapwaHTOB Bee 5Ke 6bin BapHaHT, 
no KOTopoMy A3ep6afiflacaH yace cefinac, Ha stom 3Tane CBoero pa3BHTHH, bbi- 
meji 6w Ha flopory cra6HJibHoro aeMOKpaTHHecKoro pa3BHTHH, He npepMBaeMO- 
ro cna3MaMH .UHKTaTyp. MoaceT 6biTb, npoHBH 3jibHH6eH SoJibtue aKTHBHOCTH 
b noHCKax MHpa c apMHHaMH b GnaronpmrrHbiH nm A3ep6aflaacaHa nepnoa, 
npoBeari HapoflHo4>poHTOBUM BbiSopbi b BepxoBHHH CoBeT, HaKOHeu, npocxo 
He npoaBH ohh Secne^HOCTH no othoiuchhio k CypeTy fycefiHOBy h t. a. 
h x. n., HCTopwa A3ep6aftflJKaHa Morna 6bi noil™ hhhm nyreM. 

ripouinoe He 6biJio nojiHOCTbio «3anporpaMHpoBaHo», b hcm nHuib 6binH 
6oJiee h MeHee sepoaTHwe BapHaHTw. CooTBeTCTBeHHO h Syaymee — OTKpbiro, 
He 3anporpaMHpoBaHO. B A3ep6aiUpKaHe ecrb moflH, h hx He xaK y»c Mano, ko- 
Topbie HCKpeHHe h mySoKO npeaaHbi naee a3ep6aHflw:aHCKOH aeMOKparHH, 
npojiOJiJKeHHJi TpaflHiuiH nepBoft pecnyGjiHKH Ha MycyjibMaHCKOM BocTOKe. 
riepBaa nonbmca nocrrpOHTb TaKyio aeMOKpaTHto b nocTcoBercKHH nepHoa 
He yaanacb. Ho Qyaymee — OTKpbiTO, h bcS eiue Moxcex yaatbca. 



npMMenaHMSi 

1 O npo6jieMe counanbHoro bjihhhhls HCJiatna cm.: HcnaM h oSukctbo: «Kpyrjibiii 
ctoji» // Bonpocbi 4>hjioco4»hh. 1993. N° 3. Cm. rasace: AH-HaHMA. A. Ha ny™ 
k HCjiaMCKOH pe^opMatiMH. M., 1999. 

2 HacKOJitKO 3th npoueccu saTponyjiH a3ep6aHflacaHCKyio Maccy — cyaHTb rpyjmo, 
ho npaKTHqecim HecoMHeHHo, hto jihijui. b OTHOCHTejibKO M2UIOM cteneHH. Kpyn- 
HefuuHH HccneaoBaTera> hctophh A3ep6aHj>KaHa HOBoro BpeMeHH T. CseHTOxoB- 
ckhh nmueT: «B to BpeMH KaK HHTdumreHUHH npeTepneBajia 3bojik>uhK), KOTOpaa 
b 6bicTpoB nocJieflOBaie^bHOCTH sena ee ot naHHCJiaMH3Ma k TK>pKH3My, a 3aTeM 
k a3ep6aiia>KaHH3My, Maccw ocraBajiHCb Ha ypOBHe co3HaHna yMMbi c ee thiihihmm 
6e3pa3JiHqHeM k CBercKofi BJiaciH, HHOcrpaHHOH hjih csoefiw (Swietochowski T. 
Russian Azerbaijan. 1905 — 1920. The Shaping of National Identity in a Muslim 
Community. Cambridge, 1985. P. 7 — 8). 

3 A3ep6aitnjKaHCKMfi naHTK)pKH3M b Hanajie BeKa, KaK h 3aTein, npw 3jib™6ee, opn- 
eHTHpoBajica Ha TypHKK), KaK Ha caMoe cwibHoe He3aBMCHMoe MycyrtbMaHCKoe 

159 



AwKTpHti QyPMAH, Aah ABACOB 



nopKCKoe rocyaapcTBO, ecrrecTBeHHoro Jinaepa TiopKCKoro MHpa. Ho b caMofi Typ- 
uhh naimopKHCTCKHe Hnen b Hanane Beica pacnpocrpansuiHCb b rpoMaaHoii Mepe 
a3ep6aiin)KaHuaMH — SMm-paHTaMH. 

JTo3yHr aOMHHHpoBaBiuefi b AffP napTKH «MycaBaT» — «ncjiaMH3auna, TwpwBa- 
uhji, eBponeK3aumi». <Djiar pecny6jiHKH, cTaBuiHfi Tenepb rocyaapcTBeHHMM ij)jia- 
tom A3ep6afiiPKaHa, coctoht h3 Tpex nojioc, rae KpacHas CHMBomoHpyer aeMO- 

KpaTHio, chhjui — TiopKH3M h 3eJieHas HCJiaM. 

KpynKefimHH HccjieaoBaTejib a3ep6aitn)KaHCKOH wcxopHH HOBoro BpeiueHH Taaeym 
CBeirroxoBCKHii roBopHT b HHTepBbio: «fleMOKpaTHH MBnaeTCM rocyaapcTBeHHoft 
TpajiHUHeH A3ep6aHa»caKa. . . Ho a 3aTpyaiwiocb CKa3aT&, OTpaacaa an aeMOKpaTH- 
MecKHfi CTpofi AJJ.P TpammHH Bcero a3ep6aitaacaHcKoro o6mecrBa hjih toje.ko ero 
npaBsmeiS BepxyuiKH» (BwniKa. 1993. 28 Maa). 

B cBoew HHayrypatiHOHHOH pe™ A. 3m,qH6eft roBopHJi: «B yen jihh ace mm c 6e3- 
rpaHHMHtiM noHTeMHeM BcnoMHHaein Maft 1918 roaa, Hamrcx cjiaBHbix npeaniecT- 
BeHHHKOB, nepsbiMH Ha BocioKe oSbhbhbiiihx 06 ycTaHOBneHHH pecny6jiHKaHCKro 
npaBneHHa h Bbi6paaiiinx nporpeccHBHbifi rry-n. aeMOKpatHHecKoro pa3BHTHfl» (Ea- 

KHHCKHH pa601HH. 1992. 17 HKtHa). 

«riepBbiH apaMaiypr BocTOKa, nepBbie aacToiKH npamaTHHecKoro h onepHoro Te- 
aipajibHoro HCKyccTBa, nepaas b Pocchhckoh HMnepmi MycyjibMaHCKas ra3eTa, 
nepBbiB pecny6jinicaHCKHH rocyaapcTBeKHbifi crpofi (b 3tom nocaeaHeM Ham ripn- 
opHTer pacnpocTpaHaeTca Ha Becb MycyntMaHCKHfl boctok...» (AHap. UlejiKOBbift 
nyxb // BaKHHCKHfi pa6om™. 1992. 16 HK>na). 

<l>aMiu3HH nepsbix qerupex pyKOBoaHTeneft a3ep5afia5KaHCKoro UK KIT — KHpOB, 
THKano, nojiOHCKHH, Py6eH. flaxe b 1925 rofly, nocjie youieHHUx nonbiTOK boc- 
nnraTb Ty3eMHbie Kaapbi, b a3ep6aHaHcaHCK0M napxannapaTe 6mjio 43 npoueim 
a3ep6afiflHcaHueB, 38 pyccKHX, 18 apMOT. JJjm cpaBHeHKS — b ApineHHH b 3tot ne- 
pnoa 93 npoueHTa annapaia — apMjme, b Tpy3HH rpy3HH — 73. Cm.: Altstadt A. L. 
The Azerbaijani Turks: Power and Identity under Russian Rule. Stanford, 1992. 
P. 122. 

M. A- EarnpoB cMeraeH b 1953 nay a paccrpeiwH b 1956 roay. C 1954 no 1959 roa 
cTpaHoft npaBHT Bpoae 6bi caMHH «npnnnHHbiH» H3 a3ep6aiia)KaHCKHX nepBbix 
ceKperapea arpoHOM H. JS,. MycTa<t>aeB, conpoTHBJWBuiHHca peiueHHro UK caenaTb 
npenoaaBaHHe a3ep6afla)KaHCKoro'B micoaax c pyccKHM s3wkom o6yneHna Heo6«- 
3aTenbHMM h 3a 3to chstrm. riocjie Hero HacTynaeT snoxa HeMMCJiHMoii Koppyn- 
UHH, cBS3aHHofi c HMeHeM B. AxyHaoBa (1959 — 1969), 3aieM — «anHeBinHHa». 
^(aace b 1981 roay b KOMMyHMCTKHecKoii napTHH A3ep6aftaacaHa a3ep6aila>KaHiieB 
6biJio xo^bKO 66 npoueHTOB, xot« b HacejieHHK — 74 {Altstadt A. L. Op. cit. 
P. 179). 

B Ha^ajie 70-x roaoa yaejibKbiii sec a3ep6aHaacaHnes cpeaw Bcex coBeTCKHx aoK- 
TopoB h KaHaHaaxoB Hayx 6tui — 2,53 npoueHTOB h 2,07, hto pe3KO npeBwuiaao 
yaeabHbift Bee a3ep6ailiracaHHeB b HaceneHHH CCCP (1,81). (MoresteU. Noukogude 
Eesti Teadlaskond Teaduse-Revolutsiooni Ajastul. Tallinn: Eesti Raamat, 1976. 
Lk, 57.) no 3TOMy noKa3aTexiio a3ep6afta)KaHirbi - — dnayme k apMSHaM h rpy3HHaM, 
MeM k MycyabMaHCKHM napoaaM CpejiHeii A3hh. OaHaxo 3th iimppu hc aonatHbi 
BBoaHTb b 3a6jry>icaeHHe « co3aaBa-n. npeacTaBneHne, hto a3ep6aHa»caHUbi — <ryTb 



160 



A3ep6aHA>KaHCKaa peBOAioima 



jih He caMaa KyJttTypHa* Hamm b CCCP. B JHaiKienhHOK Mepe ohm roBopsrr jihuib 

o rpoMaflHOM npecTHJKe HaynHbix CTeneHeii b KoppyMimpoBaHHOB a3ep6aHa*;aH- 

CKOft HOMeHKjiaiype. OieHb xapaierepHO, >rro ecim cpe.nn aoKTopos Hayx b 70-e ro- 

aw b A3ep6aHfljKaHe a3ep6aHa>KaHueB — 3HaMHTenbHO 6oJibme, ieM b Hace^eHHH 

(89,4 npoueHia, b HaceneHHH — 72,9), to cpeaH KaHanaaTOB hx — 83,8 (TO)Ke 

Sojiitue, ho yHce He tbr), a cpeaH y^eHtix 6e3 creneHeH — 66,2, t. e. MeHbrae, Hen 

b HacejieHHH (Moreste U. Op. cit. Lk. 58). 

B KHHre H. HGpantMOBa npwBoaHTca tatoie aaHHbie o EaiaiHCKOM IlojrHTexHirHie- 

ckom HHCTHTyTe (mme He^TaHofi AicaaeMHH). B 1920 roay npw ero co3jiaHHH H3 

10 npcxfceccopoB h npenonasaTeaeH 1 a3ep6afla>KaHeu. B 1921 roay H3 66 — 3. 

C 1939 roaa bo rnaBe HHCTHTyra — TojibKO a3ep6aHa*aHUbi, ho 6ojrbuiHHCTBo 

a3ep6aftnacaHueB cpean npo<j>eccopoB B03HHKaeT toju»ko b 60-e roaw. Cm.: H6pa- 

ihmob H. O MoeM BpeMemi. BaKy, 1993. C. 177. 

Ilo Hapo,UHO<t>pOHTOBCK:n Haeoaorn3HpoBaHHO, ho, Ha Ham B3niaa, BepHO roBopirr 

06 3tom X. raaatH3aae. «nojiHoe 6ecnpaBHe... npoTHBonpaBHwe „3aK0Hbi" h „noa- 

3aKOHw"... no6yaHjiH o6mecTBO k „caM03auiHTe", Bbipa3HBLueiicH b TOTaabHoH 

Koppymmn h KpyroBofi nopyKe». Cm.: raa*CH3aae X. A3ep6afta«aH — TaKOBbi mm 

ceroaiw: PyKonncb. 1989. 

3eMUOB H. napTM hjih Ma^na (pa3BopoBaHHaa pecnygjiHKa). Paris, 1975. 

3a nepBwe nsrrb jieT era aejrrejibHOCTH 6tiro CMeHeHO aBe TperH mhhmctpob, 8 H3 

lOHJieHos 6ropo UK, 13 H3 14 HanajibHHKOB oxaejioB UK, 37 H3 45 ceKperapefi 

pafiKOMOB. Cm.: Altstadt A. L. Op. cit. P. 180. 

BaKHHCKHft pa6oHH&. 1989. 12 okx A bot Kan onncbiBaer cmyauHio 1985 roaa ot- 

BeTCTBeHHwii pa6oTHKK UK KTIA3 P. TyceHHOB: «npajcrHqecKH hh oaHH cepbe'3- 

hwh 5KH3HeHHUH sonpoc — nojryneHHe KBapxHpw, nocTyaneHHe b ay3, onepauiia b 

6onbHHiie, KpynHaa noKymca — He o6xoaHJica 6e3 B3sitich» (BaKHHCKHft paSo^HH. 

1991. 9 Mas. C. 2). 

nepermcb 1989 maa noKa3ana, tto b A3CCP 24 Tbicsran a3ep6aiijw;aHueB, H3 khx 

IStuchh — b Bajcy, cwraiQT poaHbiM H3biKOM pyccKHft (HauHOHajibHwii cociaB 

Hacejierow CCCP. M.: TocKOMCTaT, 1991. C. 21, 118). Haao ywTbiBaTb, hto 

1989 roa — roa 3HaHHTe.ro.Horo HauHOHanLHoro nojrbeMa, h peam.no hhcjio pyc- 

CKOJBbiHHwx a3ep6aftn»aHueB, npeHMymecTBeHHo npeacTaBHTejieft HHTejwiHreH- 

uhh, 6bmo 3HaMHieJibHo Soabiue. 

Cm.: HauHOHanbHbifi cocTaB HacejieHH* CCCP. M.: TocKOMCTaT, 1991. C. 28. 

A3ep6afta>KaHCKaH pecny6JiHKa. HeKOTOpbie SKOHOMH^ecKHe h couManbHbie aaH- 

Hbie: MarepHanbi areHTCTBa «nocx(paKTyM». 1991. 

KynneBT. HaunoHanbHoe h HHTepHauHOHajibHoe // EamniCKHH pa6oiHfi. 1990. 

23 4>esp. C. 2. 

JJfiaxjn.1 b a3ep6aHa»caHCKOH hctophh apMaHe, Hapoa c coBepmeHHo hhoh KyabTypofi, 

neM hx coceaH-a3ep6aaa5KaHuw, h oieHb cn.'ibHtiM HamioHajibHbiM caMoco3Ha- 

HiieM, BbicTynan b pojih KaTanH3aT0pa HauHOHajibHMx npoqeccoB b AsepSafiaacaHe. 

B nepwoa nepBoK pyccKoii peBoniouHH nepBaa HauHOHaaHCTHiecKas opraraoauKa 

a3ep6aiia)KaHueB, «J&i$!M» («3amHTa», 1906) h «Myaa4>HHe» («06opoHa», 1907) 

(cm.: EarnpoBa H. C. nommrjecKiie napTHH h opraHH3aumi A3ep5aHaacaHa b Ha-jarre 

XX aena. EaKy: EnM, 1997) C03aaioTca npaMO asm nporKBOaeHCTBHa aaiiiHaKCKHM 



6—772 161 



AawtphH OYPMAH, Aah A5ACOB 



oTpsmaM h flesTaitHocTH yace aaBHO cymecTByioiHHx apMsHCKnx HauHOKaiiHCTH- 
HecKHX napnifl. B nepecrpoeHHyio 3noxy apMsine b rpOMaflHofi Mepe cbirpajni xa- 
kjto ace pont. 

B A3ep6aiifl3KaMe 6bnyeT BepcHS, -rro nepen cyMraHTCKHM norpoMOM H3 CyMrama 
BwexajiH 6orarbie apMSHCKne uexoBHKH h, Hao6opoT, npaexanH KHHOonepaTopw, 
ciMBUiHe (pHjitM o CyMraHTe. «TaK h ocTajiHCb aHOHHMHMMH onepaTopbi, KOTopwe 
xjiaiiHOKpoBHO cHHMajiH cyMraHTCKHe coSbrma c nepBHX MHHyT norpoMOB. ByK- 
BanbHo iepe3 HecicojibKO flHefi Bee eaponeficKHe TejieKOMnamm npoKpyHHBajm 3th 
3anHcw». Cm.: TyceflHOB P. Kapa6axcKax xpareflHH // EaKHHCKHif pa6oiHH. 1991. 
2 hos6. C. 3. Cm. Tatcsce: JIiokhmcoh n. HaropHwB Kapa6ax: xpoHHica KompjmicTa 
(3anHCKH 6aKHHCKoro eBpes) // CBo6ofla. 1992, 3 hkpjw. 

Omcbhaho, He cjiysaiiHO, hto norpoM np0H3ouie.ii hmchho b CyMraHTe, mojioaom, 
B03HMKiueM b nocjieBoeHHMii nepnoa npoMHiiuieHHOM ueHxpe c Maccofi BpeaHtix 
npoH3BOflCTB H TaKofi 3KOJiorHHeCKoft CHTyaiweii, tto b A3ep6aiiajKaHe 6wTOBana 
myxKa, 6yflTO cyMraHTUbi MoryT bujkhtb b ra30BbK saMepax. H. 3eMUOB b KHHre, 
H3naHHOii 3aaojiro ao cyMramcKHX coSbrniH, pncyeT CyMraHT crpauiHWM ropoflOM 
c moMneHH3HpoBaHHWM HaceneHHeM h rpoManHMM ypoaHeM npecrynKOCTH: «Or 
ocHOBaHM CyMrairra — c 1947 roaa — TsaceJio paHeHO 11 tmcah 108 MejioBeK. 
HacHJibCTBeHHoii CMepTbio nora6jio 3a 3th roaw 6oJibine jnoaeii, hcm hx pojuuiocb 
b 1972 roay — 6 twcot qenoBeK» (3eMUOB H. YKa3. coh. C. 61). B 1964 rojry b 
CyMraHTe yace npoicomeji ctmxhhhhh 6yirr ropoacKHX HH30B, cBwaHHbiii c npo- 
HOBonbCTBeHHMMH HexBaTKaMH. O couHajibHOM o6jihk6 norpoMmKKOB jiaer npea- 
CTaaneHHe HHCpopMamm o inecra ocyameHHbK 3a cyMraHTCKHe npecTyruieHHs, 
ony6jiHKOBaHHas b ra3ere «BbiuiKa». H. Ca<J>apoB, 1962 r. p., poaimca b CyMraHTe 
b MHoroaexHoii ceMbe; T. MaMenoB, 1967 r. p., pontics b LUeMaxHHCKOM paSoHe, 
b cewbe pa6onero, okohhha cyMrairrcKoe iny, 6bin b apMHn; B. TyceiiHOB, 1966 r. p., 
H3 ceMbH pa6oiero, 2 roaa OTCHfleji 3a xyjiHraHCTBo; H. Haaxca^oB, 1963 r. p., 
H3 ceMbH paSonero, H3 apMHH KOMHCcosaH H3-3a ncaxmecKHX HapyuieHHH, cyaHM; 
3. TjumuKajiHeB, 1965 r. p., H3 ceMbH pa6oiero, mmanw. 2-h rpynnbi, iy6epKyne3- 
hhk h nna6eTHK; A. HcaeB, 1962 r. p., H3 MHoronerHOH ceMbH, 6bui b TiopbMe 3a 
BOpOBCTBO. K 3TOMy ace cnoro npHHaaJieacaji h TaHHCTBeHKbifi 3. TpHropaH, Bpoae 
6bi OTJiHMaBumHcfl oco6ofl jKecTOKOCTbKi, oh Tosce H3 ceMbH pa6oMero, h flBa ero 
Gpara cimejm b TiopbMe. Cm.: Bbmnca. 1990. 14 hhb. C. 7. 

EcTecTBeMHO, hto b a3ep6aHflacaHCKHx CMH h o^HUHajibHbix BbiCTyruieHHax 
Bceraa flenajica ynop Ha pojih b norpoMax 6e>KeKueB. Cm., KanpHMep: MyTajiH- 
6ob A. H. Pa3o6naMaib jxoao., paccKa3aTb npasfly : npecc-KOHfJtepeHmia A. H. My- 
TanH6oBa // BaKHHCKHfi pa6oHHfi. 1991. 18 Maa. C. 1. C 1988 no 1991 roaw b 
A3ep6afta)KaH npH6wno 51224 ceMbH (238524 ieji.). H3 hhx — 187142 neji. H3 
ApineHMH, 7031 H3 HKAO, 50000 — xypoK-MecxeTHHueB. Cm.: BaiamcKHH pa6o- 
H«Pt. 1991. 2hoh6. C. 3. B Baxy noHBHBUiHecH 3flecb H3rHaHHbie H3 ApMeHHH 
KpecTbHHe HcnbiTbisajiH KyjibTypHbifl iiiok h B03MymeHMe BHnenHbiM. B KOHue 
1988 rofla MOJioane napHH m «ApMeHHCTaHa» ocTaHaBJiHBajin Ha yjiwuax fleBy- 

IUeK B MHHHK)6KaX, CTWflHUH HX H H3JjeBMHCb Hafl HHMM HCHTO HeCJIblXaHHOe 

b 3tom KOCMonojiHTHiecKOM h «eBponeiicKOM» ropoae. Cm.: BuniKa. 1989. 
2 ceHT. 



162 



A3ep6aajLmaHCka>i pesoAiouHa 

KaK 3to Bcer.ua 6biBaer, MwJjonormecKHe nocrpoeHra oahoh m BpaauiyJOWHX 
cropoH npHHHMaEOTcs 3 a KHCTyro MOHCTy apyroS cropoHoK (xotji, ectecTBeHHo, 
oueHHBatOTca npOTHBonojio*HWM o6pa30M). Mh<J> nopoataaer kohtpmh<J>. E A3ep- 
6awii>KaHe oxotho UHTHpoBajiacb XBacTJiHBas peib (ppaHiry3CKoro neaua h aesrrejw 
apMaHCKOH flHacnopu Ulapjw A3HaBypa: «C apMaHCKOH oo"mHHOH cwaiOTca npe- 
MtaeHTU.CUIA h apa6cK«e ureffxH, apreHTHHCKHe jiaTH<pymHCTH h 3anaflHoeBpo- 
neficKHe MmuiHOHepHw (EaKHHcwiH pa6onnH. 1989. 21 ho»6. C. 3). 
.Haace b ceHT»6pe 1990 rofla, Koraa HanpaBjieHHe HaeonorHHecKoro pa3BHTHH 
A3ep6aiia»caHa yace 6&mo kchwm, r. CTapoaoih-oBa, BbicTynaa no pa^HO «Cbo6o- 
Xta», rosopm: «A3ep6aHaacaHCKHiS napoa srajwerca MonoabiM sthocom h noaroMy 
He HMeer cBoew nnecmor™, oh TOjibKo miier ee. R nyMaio, <rro ok Bw6epeT HcnaM- 
ckhh (f)ynaaMeHTaim3M» (EaKHHCKHH pa6oinii. 1991. 26 ceirr. C. 3). OmymeHHe 
nojiHOH 6eccMbicjieHHOCTH Karax-mSo onpoBepiKenHH noioicy Keo6beKTHBHOH 
HH<J>op M au;HH, itnymeMy co CTpanHU iieHTpaiTLHOH npeccu, xoponio nepeaaeT cTa- 
tm 3. AxyHaoBofi «Pa3roBop no cymecrrBy». Cm.: EaKHHCjc™ pa6oiHft. 1990. 
1 3 MapTa. C. 4. 

Bot paa uHTat H3 peqeS a3ep6afiaMcaHCKHx nnaepOB, HjuiiocTpHpyiomHX 3Ty 3aro- 
BOpoMaKHio. «Pecny6jinKa He cpa3y nonajta a to codoaHHe, b kotopom ceronHs 
HaxoaHTca. CKJiaatreaeTca TaKoe BneqameHHe, hto Kaicne-TO, o^eHb yinejio CKpu- 
Tbie ot HapoaHoro BKueHH* Jiwua co3aanH qeiryio cHCTeiny nocjienoBaTejibHtix 
oiiih6ok, npHBeaniHx k 3TOMy». (BbicTyiuieHHe T. TacaHosa Ha rrapTX03aKTHBe 
b BaKy 08.01.90 r. //HepHMfi jmsapb. EaKy— 1990. BaKy, 1990. C. 52). «A3ep6aEi- 
sxxa. nocjieaHHe qerupe roaa HyBCTByeT cBoe oflHHoqetrreo, cjiobho 3arosop cy- 
mecTByeT, KaKoft-To TagHbifi njizH ocymecTEJueTcs nyHicr 3a nymrroMB {Itaep- 
Bbro A. H. Myrajm6oBa // KoMCOMOJibCKas npaBaa. 1992. 5 MapTa). rioiio6Horo poja 
iwraT mo%ho npHBec™ eme onenb mhoto. 

CoBepmeHHO HeacHO, cymecTByer jih Kaicaa-TO CBS3b Meacay najieHneM b 
1987 roiiy AimeBa h HaiajjoM b 3tom ace rony uinpoKOMacurTa6Horo apuwHCKoro 
noiiHTHHecKoro h nponaraHflncTCKoro HacTyrmeHHs Ha A3ep6aHJMcaH. MoaceT 
6biTb, h ecTb. XapaxTepMo, >jto b Metayapax M. C. TopSafeBa 06 stom coSmthh 
HHHero He roBopHTCH. Bo bchkom cjrynae, b A3ep6aHiwcaHe KraorHe y6e»meHbi, <rro 
AJiHCBa «cTOJiKHyjiH» apNWHe H3 rop6aHeBCKoro OKpyaceHiM, roTOBHBUiHe «Kapa- 
SaxcKyio onepaunro». Cm. HHtepBbio 30 jier npocjiyacHBiuero nocmpeaoM A3ep- 
6aKfl5KaHa b Mockbc 3, TyceHHOBa (EaKHHCKHH paSoHHH. 1992. 27 Mas. C. 1), 
a TaioKe KHTepBbio 6wBuiero 3aM. MHHHcrpa BHyrpeHHHx nen A3ep6aRojKaHa 
r. HamaeBa, KOTopwfi tobopht: «...npo6^eMa HaropHoro Kapa6axa BojHHioia 
HMeHHO b to BpeMH, Koraa TeHflap AjiweB 6bui OTnpaBJieft b 0TCTaBKy» (Pa6onaa 
TpH6yna. 1993. 11 ceirr.) BpeMeHHoe coBnaaeHHe (huh B3aHMocBS3b) 3thx co6w- 
thm cwrpajio 6o^biiiyio pom. b yctuieHHH nonyjiapHocra T. AjmeBa, KoropoMy, He- 
coMHeHHO, HMeHHO ero BbiHyaaeHHaa OTCTaBKa aajia B03MO»tHocTb 33TeM npoziOJi- 
«HTb Kapbepy. 

H. H6parHMOB nmueT, hto b 3 to speMa T. Annes CTaji onacaTbca A. Be3HpoBa 
h roBopHJi eMy, qro caejiajj 6bi ero ceKpeTapeM, ho eMy He wji 3to caenaTb 
H. HSparHMOB, <ito caM H. HSparHMOB OTBepraer KaK rHycnyio no*b. Cm.: H6pa- 
thmob H. YKa3. coi. C. 166 — 167. 



163 



AmhtphK cpypMAH, Aam AEACOB 

30 «HeMajio npeacHHx pyKOBOOTTejteft AsepGaitocaHa 6mjih npoimraHH, noBJBaHbi 
caejiKaMH, npoaauMWM annapaxoM», — roBopnx A. BesnpoB H a co6pam™ nap T - 
arrHBa b OTBape 1989 rojia. flanee oh coo6waeT, hto k napTHHHoft a aflMKHHcxpa- . 
thbhoB oTBeicTBeHHOCTH npHBJieieHO 2532 ien. Cm. Bwniica. 1989. 15 hhb. 

31 Cm., HanpuMep, cxaxbio 3. AjraeBoii «flojrra» aopora k hcthhch (EaKHHCKHK pa6o- 
mm. 1989. 4aBr. C. 3) o 6biBineM nepBOM cetcperape CyMraaxcicoro PK KIICC 
H. BajiaKHniHeae, jiojkho o6BHHeHH0M b KoppynuHK. (O xapaiaepe a3ep6aHHJKaH- 
cKoro HHTejinnreHTCKoro o6wecrBa aaer npeacTaBJieHHe csiesyiomm npHBeaeH- 
hwh b cTaTbe 4>aKT — cxeHorpaMMa 3aceaaHH« yneHoro coBeTa, npucyaHBiuero 
H. BajiaKHiusieBy KaHflHaaxcicyio creneHb, peuieHHe Toro ace coBeTa o jikuichkh era 
STofi CTeneHH h xoaaxafiCTBO o BoccrraHOBJieHHH 3Tofi CTeneHH nonnncaHbi oahhmh 
k tbmh »ce jiroabMH.) Cm. TaKKe era-Two B. Bejinesa «Koppymwa» o cJieflOBaiejie 
M. KyjmeBe m npoKypope T. MaMeaoBe, BCxyiMBHiHX b 6opb6y c poflCXBeHHHicaMH 
T. AjraeBa 3aB. oraejiOM aflMHHKCTpaTHBHbix opraHOB UK KI1A3. C. TyceHHOBbiM 
h ero 6paTOM saMnpeaoM KTB E. TyceHHOBbiM (BaKHHCKHii pa6oHHfi. 1989. 
10 ceHT. C. 3.). O BOCCTaHOBJieHHH BajraKHUiHeBa h MaMeflOBa b napTHH cm.: 
BwujKa. 1989. 19 hhb. 

32 PoflCTBeHHbifi npHHUHn b Ha3HaneHiwx Be3HpoBa npHcyxcxBOBaji bo mhoto pa3 b 
MeHbmeK CTeneHH, neM npn AjineBe. TeM He MeHee A3ep6aitnsKaH ecTb AsepSafi- 
aacaH, h coeceM He npHcyTCTBOBa-n. oh He Mor. Tax, poacxBeHHHK A. Be3npoaa, 
npocxofi onepaTHBHHK, exaHOBHxesi Ha^aJibHHKOM ynpaBiieHHH MBA- Cm.: 3epKEUio. 
1993. Xa 47(220). 

33 CoOMXHJI, CBIOaHHbie C B03HHKHOBeHHeM H<t>A, H3J105KeHW b CTaTbe AfiflbiHa Ea- 

naeBa «HO A. HcTOpmecKas xporoiKa 1 988— 1 992» (CBo6ozta. IIpHJio xetme X° 1 ). 

34 A. BeswpoB Ha coSpaHHH napTafcniBa b KHBape 1989 roaa roBOpHT o «nporpaMM- 
hwx aoKyMeHTax H<J>A, nepenncaHHbix H3 aoKyMeHTOB H<£> 3ctohhh, nocxynaw- 
mwx iepe 3 EpeBaH» (BbiniKa. 1989. 15 hhb. C. 1—2.) To, -no ohh nocTynajm ne- 
pe3 EpeBaH — coMHnrem>HO, ho <m> ohh nepenHcanw H3 3ctohckhx AOKyMeH- 

TOB OHeBHflHO. 

35 3epKajio.' 1991. *«> 42(62). 

36 HaM H3BecxHbi flBa coBepuieHHo npOTHBonojiojKHbix onncaHHa Hoa6pbCKO-fle- 
Ka6pbCKHX MHTHHTOB, conocxaBJieHHe KOTopux oneHb HHTepecHO. OflHO H3 HHX — 
ynaciHHKa MHTHHra P. MycTa4»aeBa (MycTa4>aeB P. CBo6oaa H HacmiHe // EaKHH- 
ckhh pa6oHHH. 1991. 5 fleK. C. 3). P. MycrraiJiaeB H3o6pajKaex cnoKO&Hbix mhphmx 
jnoflefi, cpeflH hhx aceHuiHHU h aaace flem, Ha KOTopwx Bnpyr HanpaBMWioTca co 
Bcex CTopoH npoaceKTopw h Hjryr connaTbi. Bropoe onwcaHHe — aHeBHUKOBwe 3a- 
nHCH HeKoero aHOHHMHoro eBpea H3 EaKy, yexaBuiero 3aTeM b H3paHHb h thm hx 
onySJiHKOBaBiuero. KaK h MHorae 6aicnHUbi, a3ep6a&0)KaHCKoro H3WKa oh He 3Haer. 
EMy npeiiCTaBJiaeTca coBepuieHHo HHaa KapTHHa — nopTperbi XoMeBHH (ecjm ohh 
k ebuiH, to, oqeBHflHO, H3 <onaxa5KHbix» coo6paaceHHft), BbicTynarouwe Ha mhthh- 
re naiiecTHHUbi (H3 jnoaefi, c kotopumh hum aoBOAHnocb roBopHTb, hhkto hh o xa- 
khx najiecTHHuax He homhht) h yrp03M, ito cnanajia pacnpaBaxca c apMMHaMH, 
a 3areM — c eBpeaMH (Ha aejie HHKaKoro aHTHceMHTH3Ma a3ep6aan)KaHUbi He npo- 

SBJMJIH) (BaKHHCKHii flHeBHHK // Hoft: ApMJIHO-eBpeficKHH BeCTHHK. M., 1992. 
JfS 1). flHeBHHK aHOHHMHOrO aBTOpa HHTepeCeH He CTOJIbKO C006meHHWMH b hSm 

164 



35 



A3ep6aHjjKaHCKaa peBOAKHina 



(paKraMH (cOMHHTem.HWMn), CKontKo nepeaaHHbiM b hSm omymeHHeM yataca ot 

TCMHOH, HenOHflTHO 1TO KpHtamefi Ha CBOeM HenOHitTHOM SOUKS «BOCTOHHOH» 

TOJim.i — ot^ymeHHeM, KOTOpoe b 3th mm 6tuio He tojibko y He 3Hatoumx a3ep- 
SaSaacaHCKoro eBpees h pyccKHX, ho, o^esnimo, h y mhoi-hx oopycesniHx 6aKKH- 
ckhx a3ep6aBa»;aHueB. 

YMepiuHH a 3tom rosy A. SjibiHSeH — HenoseK 6e3ycnoBHO HaeajiHCTiwecKHH 
k ncicpeHHHH, OTJiMHaBuiKiica ynHBHTentHttM (oco6eKHO fljw A3ep6aRaacaHa) 6ec- 
KopticTHeM, 6yKBam,Ho no flHS HHayrypaiiHH aom Ha ceabMOM 3Taate thiih^hoh 
SaKHHCKOH «xpyme6ti», Bao6asoK — h He b csoefi KBapTHpe (cBoeii y Hero npocra 
He 6t.uio), a KBaptHpe Spara. OjjHaKO naeajiH3M 3m>MH6eji, HecoMHeHHO, nepexo- 
ann b «oxpbiB ot peaiibHOCTH». Ha nocTy npe3HaeHTa, o ^eM mu 6yaeM roBopHTt 
b flankHeKmeM, oh nopoii npostBUjui noiTH nonHoe OTcyTCTBHe sneMeHtapHOH <um- 
iuiOMaTHHHocTH». 06 A. 3jibHH6ee cm.: MaMeaoB C. Bepio b Topacecrao aeMOKpa- 
thh // EaKMHCKHti paSotHH. 1992. 6 mora. C. 2. 

«Be>KeHUbi, pa3yBepHBinnecH b ckopom yaoBJiexBopeHHH cbohx HacymHBix npo- 
Sjient, era™ Han6ojiee aKTHBHoft qacTbso HapoaHoro tt>poHTa, cocTaBJULHH ero pa- 
AHKajibHoe Kpbino» (/lauixiaMHpoB A. JJeMOKpaTiw h Hacitnne HecoBMecTHMbi // Ba- 
khhckhh pa6o4Hii. 1990. 14 $eBp. C. 4). 

HanpHMep, 6yaymHfi mhhmctp HHOCTpaHHbix aeji 4>h3hk T. KacyiwoB rosopHT: 
«B to speM» Kan A3ep6aBfl3KaHCKaa CCP aaeT b cok>3hmh 6iofl3KeT b 5 pa3 6ojrbuie 
OTiHCiieHHH, qeM ElpH6ajiTHKa, ApMeHKH h Tpy3nji, BMecTe B3«Ttie, GnxiDKeT 
Hatuefl pecnygJiHKH Mem.ine Skuvkstz. rpy3HKCKoii CCP h iyTt 6oJibuie ApMHH- 
ckok CCP», — h Tpe6yeT co3flaHmr caoeS apMHH. Cm. EaKHHCKHii pa6oiHfi. 1989. 
27 ce H T. C. 3. 

Kennep B. JXea roaa, KOTopwe noTpscJiH BaKy // Xa3ap. 1990. Ns 4. C. 50. 
EaKHHCKHii pa6oiHfi. 1992. i8sHB. C. 2 — 3. 

TycefiHOB P. KapaSaxocas Tpareaim // EaKHHCKHii pa6oHHH. 1991. 2 hos6. C. 3. 
HepmieB A. C. lUecxb ner c rop6aHeBbiM. M., 1993. C. 249. 
04>iniHajQ,Hbie SHorpa^HH A. Myxajin6oBa h T. TacaHOBa cm. b: EaKHHCKHii pa6o- 
hhh. 1990. 27 hhb. C. 1. 

HnKaKoro CKpbrroro yMbicna — mm ctpohm CBeTCKoe rocyaapcTBO: Eeceaa 
A. H. MyTajiH6oBa c co6kopom «JlHTepaTypHOH ra3erbi» 3. AxyHzrosofi // EaKHH- 
CKHii pa6oqHH. 1992. 7 4>eap. C. 3. 

T. TacaHOB npHo6pen nonyrapHOCTb pe3KHMH «aHTHMocKOBCKHMH» BsiCTynneHH- 
mh. Ha 3aceaaHHH komhcmh UK no aonpocaM cotwajibHO-aKOHOMHHecKoro pa3BH- 
thsi b asrycTe 1989 roaa oh roBopHT 06 3KcrmyaTauHH Mockboh A3ep6aitDDKaHa: 
«Cjiobo „floxauHJi", nepeaoiWMoe Ha pyccKHH Kan ,jiap", urae KaacercH. . . HeyMecT- 
hhm. Pa3Be mokho ciHTaTb noflapKOM neicapcTBO &jis lenoBeKa, nonopBaBiuero 
3flopoB&e b KaKofi-To Mepe h no BHHe napHTeJis?» (BaKHHCKHH paSoHMH. 1989. 
15 aBr.). Ha napTX03aKniBe 8.01.1990 rofla oh tobopht: «HeaoBepHe k aempy h k 
HaM co CTopoHM Kapo.na nepeiuienocb b eflHHoe uejioe. B jik>6om H3 Hac, b aoiDK- 
hocthom JiMue, bhjwt HenoBeKa, npennowraiomero yroaHHHecTBo nepea ueirrpoM 
aBTOpHTery nepea HapoflOM. B Hac, aojdkhocthwx juiuax, bhoxt jihii, npejniOHH- 
Taroumx 3aKperuieHHe Ha 3aHHHaeMwx aonacHOCTax 3amHTe HHTepecoB Hapoaa. 
Hac Ha3WBaroT, b iioiihom cMwcxre 3xoro cjiosa, MaHKypTaMH» (MepHMii jtHBapt: 



42 
43 
44 



165 



Aawtphh <pyPMAH, Aah ABACOB - 

JJojeyMeHTW h MaiepHaiw. Ba K y, 1990. C. 56). OneBimHO, I". TacaHOB 6bm Te M 
napTHHHbiM aeirrejieM, KOTOpbifi HaH6onee npHenHscajic* k Tuny Kpaswyra, Bpa- 
saycxaca, Profrrejw, Top6yHOBa. TaioKe oneBHimo, hto ero OTHOCmejaHaji hcjio- 
ajibHoc-n, MocKBe 6buia npmHHoB toro, <rro uemp Bbi6pan Ha para. rjiaBW Asep- 
6aftjpKaHa He ero, a MyTann6oBa. npH R. MaMeaose 6mji Ha3HaneH npeacxaBirre- 
neM AaepSaftaxaHa b OOH. B nepnoa npaBJieHHS HOA H. TaMiuiOB, ToraaiUHHti 
MHHHcrp BHjnpeHHHX sen, aaaBHJi, tto oh — oahh hs rnaBHiix K oppyrmnoHepoB, 
o6BOpoBWBaBiiiHx rocynapcTBO. Ha3WBajmcb aawe KOHKpeTHbie cyMMW — 
10 npoueHTOB co Bcex nporoBOflHMbix no jmueH3iwM sKCnopTHO-HMnopTHMX one- 
pauHH a 30 mjih flojwapoB jimHoro cocToaHHa (BwniKa. 1992. 17 ceirr. C. 1). TeM 
He MeHee hhk3khx Mep npoTHB Hero npe;mpnHSTO He 6wno, h Becb HapoOT0$p0H- 
tobckhh nepHOfl oh oTCHflencs b Hwo-HopKe. C npwxoaoM k BJiacTH T. AjineBa 
CTan MHHHCTpoM. HHOCTpaHHbix zen, ho 3axe M 6bui CMemeH c 3xoro nocTa H3-3a 

He flO KOHUa BbWCHeHHblX MaXmaUHH C HHOCTpaHHbtMH HHBerropaMH npH CTpOH- 

TenbCTBe oTejW. 

47 noaaepiKKa MyTajin6oBa HacejieHneM P a36oraTeBumx Ha ToproBJie BMB03HMbiMH 
b Poccroo useraMH amuepoHCKHX («nofl6aKHHCKnx») xpanHUHOHHO pejiHrno3Hbix 
eta 6wna cBH3aHa icaK c hhcto KJiaHOBWM momchtom (noanepjKKa 6aKHHuaMH 6a- 

KHHUa), KKHC COUHajlbHO-3-KOHOMHHeCKHMH npITJHHaMK. npOBOiW B XCH3HI, 06- 

inecoio3Hy!0 nojiKTHKy noanep*KH KooneparapoB, MyrajmSoB y3aKomui bx fles- 
tenbHOCTb h b KaKofi-TO Mepe ocBoooflHJi ot no6opoB. 

48 «rapaauuiHD> h «ToB6e» — opramaamm, onHpaiowHecs Ha oneHb Tpaaiuwo- 
HaJiHCTKHe h pejmrno3Hbie cjioh, c onpeaeJieHHMMH npoHpaHCKHMH, npoxoMefi- 
hhctckhmh CHMnaTHSMH. TaKHM o6pa3<w, BCMHecKH nonnepKHBaBiuero CBOft 
«eBponeH3M» h npopoccHHCKoro MyTajra6oBa noanepjKHBanH Kate pa3 re Tpaaw- 

UHOHajIHCTCKH IIIHHTCKHe 3-JieMeHTH, CTpaX nepefl KOTOpWMH 6bUl OHHHM ro npo- 

naraHjiHCTCKHX (h b 3HaHHTein,HOH Mepe — peanbHwx) ocHosaHHH flJia noaaBJie- 

HHH MOCKBOH H<I>A. 

49 BaKKHCKHH pa6oiHH. 1990. 23 hkhw. 

50 BaKHHCKHfl pa6o^HH. 1990. 29 aBr. C. 3. 

51 «3Haere sm, — paccKa3MBaeT Ba$a ryny3ane, Toraa npasaa pyKa Myrajm6oBa, — 
npe3HaeHT, BnponeM, KaK h h caM, aceraa 6mji BepyioiiiHM, npocTO paHbiue mw 6u- 
jih BbiHyacaeHW 3to CKpwBa-n.» (A3epbi rpe3srr o bcjimkom A3ep6aHa5Kane? // 3ep- 
KaJio. 1992. Xs 6(78). C. 5. [nepenenaTKa H3 «aCopHaju. fle >KeHeB»]). 
He3aBHCHMaa ra3eTa. 1992. 2 anp. C. 3. 

53 Yace b KOHue CBOero npaB^eHH« oh caejiacr xaKoe 3a«BJieHHe: «. . .Bca MfleonorHa 
nepecipOHKH ocMbicneHa b CTporo onpeneJieHHOM HanpaBJieHHH, a KaMycJOJia*, 
Bee 3-th HaayMaHHwe BbipaaceHHa o couHajmcwiecKOM Bbi6ope h KOMMyHHCTH- 
HecKOft nepcneKTHBe, 6wjih pacciHTaHw Ha to, hto6u He ssepraTb o6meciBO 
b uiok. Mne npeacTaBJiseTca, hto rae-To b 1986 roay naao 6wno co6paTb nap- 
thio h qecTHO CKa3aTb, mto mw HneM «a MHoronapTHHHOCTb, Ha qacTHyio co6ct- 
BeHHOCTb, mto 3anaji Hac c oflHonapTHHHOH chctcmoh He ,npnMeT» (HnKaKoro 
cxpwToro yMbicjia — Mbi crpoHM cseTCKoe rocyaapcTso: Beceaa A. H. MyTajra- 
6oBa c coSkopom «JlHTepaTypHoK ra3erbi» 3. Axyaaosofl // EaKHHCKHH pa6oMHfi. 
1992. 7 (pesp. C. 2). 

166 



52 



A3ep6aflAiKaHCKaa peBOAtoutm 



M «ropuie h oSmmee Bcero, vro cjioBecHaa MHiiiypa, .jjeMOKpaniHecKHH" aHTypaac 
(peib HfleT o KapaSaxcKOM apMKHCKOM aBH»ceKHH) oKOJiflOBajw aajKe tskhx Be- 
jihkhx Jiioaefi, KaK A. /J. Caxapos h A. H. CojiaceHHUbiH» (Bnflen> h HaxoflHTb 
to, tto Hac o6"E.enHiweT: HHTepBbio A. Myxajin6oBa // EaKHHCKHH paoo^HH. 1991. 
14 mora). 

> 5 «He cjiynafiHO k hhm (HapoaHOiwy <t>poHTy. — yj 0., A. A.) npHMKHyjio TaK MHoro 
noflcrapHTembHHX jiHMHOCTeft, fleKnaccKpoBaHHBix MeMeirroB, OTKpoBeHHbix yro- 

HOBHHKOB. . . FIOKa "ITO MM Me BKOHM CHJI H JIHIHOCTeti, HMeiOUtflX HpaBCTBeHHO-ITO- 

jiHTHMecKoe npaeo npeTeHHOBarb Ha BJiacrb h, cainoe rjiaBHoe — o6naflaiomHX 
Heo6xoflHMUM onwroM, HHTejureicryajibHbiM noremiHaJiOM, hto6w pyKOBoaHTB. ta- 
koh pecny6jiHKOH, KaK Hama. . .» (XEoKJian A. H. MyTajiH(x>Ba Ha XXII Che3ns KTI 
A3ep6afimJKaHa // EaKHHCKHH pa6oHHH. 1990. 9 mona. C. 1). 

56 A. MyTajin6oB 3anyrHBaeT 6aKHHCKyro BepxyniKy, roBopa, HanpHMep: «Hecnpocxa 
ceronrra cpean onpeaejieHHOH HacTH cpaBHHTenbHO MOJioatix moaevi MyccHpyeTcs 
TeMa (j)H3KHecKOro yHHHTOJKeHna „annapaTHHKOB", HOMeaKJiaTypw». (C ^bctbom 
OTBeTCTBeHHOcra 3a cyjjb6bt Hapoaa: HHTepsbio A. H. MyranH6oBa // EaKHHCKHH 
pa6oiHft. 1990. 1 hoh6. C. 2.) HnKaicnx jwhhmx b noaaepiKKy 3Toro Te3Hca oh He 
npHBOflKT, h BnojiHe B03MWKHO, oh 3Ty «TeMy» npocto BbiayMan &ns ycHJieHnsr 
3<})<J)eKTa. 

57 Ham nyTb — HaunoHanbHoe eiiHHCTBo h coTpyjuoMecTBO: HHtepBbto A. H. Myra- 
jiH6oBa// EaKHHCKHfi paSoiHH. 1990. 29 aBr. C. 1. 

58 «Bo MHOI"OM 3TH (HHrHJIHCTHieCKHe. — ff. <&., A. A.) TeHjeHUMH CB»3bisaiOTca 

c teM, mto HaM „roBopHT h noKa3MBaeT MocKBa", ho Beab y Hac flOJDKeH 6wrb cboh 

HOiPCOfl, CBOft aHajIH3, CBOK Tpa£HUHH H OC06eHHOCTH» (EaKHHCKHH pa60HHH. 1990. 

29 aBr. C. 1). «...MHorwe npoueccw, pa3B0pavHBaiomnecJ! 3anacTyio cthxhhho, 
HHiero o6mero He hm«ot c HuesMH nepecTpoftKH... hctkoR nporpaMMbi, opweHTH- 
poB h uenefi xaK h He Bbipa6oraHO Bee sth row,m (EaKHHCKHH paSoiHH. 1990. 
1 ho«6. C. 2). «3aBapHTb Kaury, He pa3o6paTtcs b tom, hto npoHcxoanx y ce6a noa 

HOCOM, a HMefO B BHJiy KeHTp... 3TO Mbl yMeeM» (EaKHHCKHH pa6oHHH. 1991. 

18 Ma*. C. 1). 

i9 EaKHHCKHH pa60HHH. 1990. 1 HOS6. C. 1. 

60 EaKHHCKHfi pa6o«jHH. 1990. 9 hiouh. C. 2. 

61 EaKHHCKHH pa60HHH. 1990. 16 HKIHJ1. 

62 BbiuiKa. 1990. 5 aBr. C. 6. 

63 A. MyTajiHobBa h coixnan-fleMOKpaxoB o6i.enHHaeT npHHawieacHocTb k ohhoh co- 
UHaabHO-KyjibTypHOH o6whocth, npoaBJWioiHasca b o6meM Tone hx BbicTynneHHii. 
Bbuiie UKTHpoBanocb BbicKa3bisaHHe MyTajinSoBa o Heo6xoflHMOCTK B03BpameHHS 
k KnaccHHecKOMy MapKcn3My. A bot «napajineniHoe» BbicKa3tiBaHnc A. AjiH3aiie: 
«%. He Mory orynbHO xaaTb KOMMyHHCTHHecKyro jmeio BooSme. Koraa MHe tobo- 
pjrr, hto KOM^fyHHCTHl^ecKaJ^ napTHH noJiHOCTbio yfiasrr c apeHbi, s CKenrH^ecKM 
yjjbi6atocb: o6mecTBO KaK yjieS, b HeM MHoro H«jeeK, ecn. aneHKa h am KOMnap- 
thh» (HyiKHO enHHCTBO jieMOKpaTHHecKHx chji: Eeceaa c A. AjiH3aae // EaKHHCKHH 
pa6oHHH. 1990. 28 ceH-r. C. 2), «Mm, couHan-fleMOKparbi, — roBopHT A. AnH3afle, — 
BbicrynaeM 3a KOHCTpyKTHBHyio onno3HUHK) BJiacTRM» (EaKHHCKHH pa6oqHH. 1990. 
4 okt. C. 3). 



167 



Amhttjhh OVPMAH, Aah AEACOB 



65 
66 
67 



B MyranHSoBCKHft nepnoa ra3erw ojiHa 3a apyrofi nySjiHKOBaim hx HHTepBbK), B to 
BpeM« KaK He TOJibKO HHTepBtio A. 3m>iH6ea He nyQjiHKOBanocb, ho npaKwreecKH 
Booome b ra3erax He BCTpenanocb ero hmchh. CaM MyrajrtiSoB TaK fltiCKaabmajica 
o couHaa-fleMOKpaTax: «Ectl y Hac h couHan-aeMOKpaTH. PyKOBOflHTejib arofi nap- 
thh — Apa3 Ajimaae, Koroporo a b npHHiuine yBaataro h oieHb qacro KOHraicrH- 

pyW C HHM...» (EaKHHCKHH pa6oHHH. 1991. 18 Mas). IlpH 3TOM HaaO OTMeTHTL, MTO 

noCTostHHO neiaTaamHHca 6paT Apa3a, 3apayurr Ajnreaae, aeMCTBHrejn.HO Hanaexcs 

oaHHM H3 nynmux a3ep6afLn5KaHCKHX nySJiHUHCTOB h Ha asepSaHassaHCKOM, h Ha 

pyccKOM A3bIKaX. 

EaKHHCKHH pa6oiHH. 1990. 24 anp. C. 3. 

EaKMHCKHH pa6oHHfl. 1991. 9 Mas. C. 2. 

3aBeflyjonmii OTaenoM opraHH3auHOHHo-napTHHHOii h KaapoBoS pa6oTH EK KITA3 

<t>. JIicySoB npHBOflHT cjieayK>mne aaHHbie. CpeaH yuiejunHx b 1990 roay H3 nap- 

thh 56,4 npouema pa6oHHX, 6,3 kojtxo3hhkob, 30,3 cay^Kamnx, 7 npoueHTOB nen- 

cHOHepoB h flOMoxo3aeK. npHHaro b 1990 roay 6595 ^ejioaeK, yaentHbrii Bee pa- 

6omhx cpe^H npHHSTbix CHH3HHCS no cpaBHeHHK) c 1989 ronoM c 59,2 npouem-a ao 

21,4, cnyxcaiuHX B03poc c 25,5 ao 60,5 npoueHra (Kto cercniw b Hanmx psjiax? // 

BbmiKa. 1991. 27 MapTa, C. 1). 

Uoioiaa MaHflaiHOH komhcchh BepxoBHoro CoBexa // EaKHHCKHii paSo^HH. 1991. 

7 <j?eBp. C. 1. 

,HH<a<papoB M. KaKHM 6yaeT aenyTaTCKHH Kopnyc // EaKHHCKHii pa6oiHH. 1990. 

27 ceHT. C. 1. 

HaBJieHHH MecTHbix BJiacTeii cm.: AGjiyjuiaesa C, A3H30B H. IlapjiaMeHT A3ep- 
6aiij>KaHa: kekhm oh 6yaeT? // EaKHHCKHH pa6oHHH. 1990. 15 aBr. C. 2. B cra-rbe 
H. BanaKHiiiHeBa «CKpwTaa» H3ompeHHOCTb» noapo6HO onncaH oahh mraoa 
TaKoro aaBJieHim h noaTacoBOK. H3 cTaTbH oneBHaHO, hto ohh ocymecTBJijumci, 
He no KHHiwaTHBe Eaxy, a mccthmmh KJiaHaMH (cm.: EaKHHCKHH pa60HHH. 1990. 
16 aar. C. 2); cm. TaKxe CTaTbio «roaocoBaHHe — TafiHoe, noacneTbi — BTe'MHyfo» 
M. H6parHMOBa — o tom, KaK bo BpeMS noac^era ronocoB b TpyaHbie MHHyTH rac 
CBeT (EaKHHCKHH paGoHHH. 1990. 19 okt. C. 2). flaajieHHe MecTHbix BaacTeB npw- 
3Han h caM A. MyTajin6oB (cm. EaKHHCKHii pa6o<uiH. 1990. 27 aBr. C. 1). Pazm enpa- 
BejuiHBocTH Haao OTMBTHTb, Hxo npH Bcex 3THX 3nH30jiax no cpaBHeHHK) c napna- 
MeHTCKHMH BwSopaMH npM AiiHeBe' ohh — eaBa jik He o6pa3eu HectHwx h aeMo- 

KpaTHHeCKHX Bbl6opOB. 

CnHCOK ony6j!HKOBaH b ra3ere «5aKHHCKHfi pa6oqHH» ot 7 OKtsSpa 1990 roaa. 
LUapHittOB A. KoHeii Ha nepenpaBe He MeiwioT // EaKHHCKHH pa6oHHH. 1990. 

1 asr. C. 2. 

EaKHHCKHH pa6otKH. 1991. 7 4>esp. C. 1. 

EaKHHCKHH pa6oiHH. 1990. 12 OKT. C. 3. 

«CoHcaaeio, — roBopHT oh b HHTepBbK), — hto b aenyrarcKOM Kopnyce iwajio 6y- 

aeT 3KOHOMHCTOB, lopHCTOB, npaBOBeaoB, nonnroJioroB» (EaKHHCKHii pado^HJi. 

1990. 1 hos6. C. 1). 

rioaHTOJior 3. Haiua30B niicaji: «Okojio 30 aenyraTCKHX ManaaTOB H<S>A — 3to 

xojioaHbiH aym aiw rex, kto paccurrbiaaji ecjiH He Ha npHGajmiHCKHH, to no 

KpaHHefi Mepe Ha „MOJiaaBCKHH" Hcxoa aejia» (A3aanwr. 1991. 1 hos6.). 



71 
72 

73 
74 
75 



168 



A3ep6aitiDKaHCKaa peaoAiouHn 



Bot nacTb 3Toro cnHCKa: BeiatnoB K)., penaKiop acypnajia «A3ep6aft,iracaH»; Ta- 
fljKHeB A., peaaKTop 3aKaTanbCKoft MecTHoK peaaKUHH paflHOBemamw; PacaHO- 
Ba M., flHpeirrop ceabCKoB cpeflHefi uikojih; AataniwoB A., flOueHT 5I~y; Kapa- 
eB T., 3aM. neKaHa ropHwrecicoro ifcaKynbTeTa EI~y; KepHMOB T., Hapo^Hbin cyata; 
Haa*;a<j)OB H., peaaicrop ra3eTw H<t>A «A3afljibir»; XaHJiapoBa 3., cojiHcnca TeaTpa 
onepw h 6ajieTa hm. AxyHaoBa; MyTajiHMOB M., npenoaaBaTejn, nojiHTexHHKyMa; 
AnHEBa XI., 3aB. ceicropoM HHCTHTyTa BHTepaxypw; Bara63aae B., npo^eccop BrV; 
PaMtmoB H., CTapiimfi ynoJiHOMOHeHHEjft OBXCC; Ka3KeB P., aoueHT HmKeHep- 
Ho-crpOHTejttHoro HHCTwryra; MaMeaoB 3., npenoaaBaTejib Ery. Ecu. Toxica 3pe- 
hhs, corjjacHO KOTopoii MyTajinSoB b Kaxoft-TO Mepe «noao6pan» flenyTaTOB 
HcDA, t. e., nOHHMaa, hto coBceM 6e3 HapoflHO(J)poHTOBueB napnaMeHT 6y.neT bm- 
rjuueTt HeySeflHTenbHO, oh nocTapanca, tto6i.i 6hhh roopaHM «npHJiHHHbie». 
X. raaacH3aae nHiner, tto oh «no3BOJBUi TpnauaTH npunnHHbiM, na ero B3num, 
aeMOKpaTaM 6brn> H36paHHbiMH b napjiaMemw (raflacH3afle X. FIpomaHHe c napjia- 
MeHTOM // Cso6ofla. 1992. 12 MapTa. Jfe 1 1(27)). 

B UHTHpyeMosi Bbiuie craTte 3. HaMa30Ba npHBOflflTca cjienyioiUHe UH<|>pw pe3ynb- 
TaTOB onpocoB: b <j)eBpajre 39 npoueHTOB Sbum nonHOCTbio yjiOBJieTBopeKM nex- 
TeJibHOCTbio H<I>A, h 40,4 chht3jih, hto TOJibKO U<PA cnoco6eH BbiBecTH crpaHy H3 
KpH3Hca, a b Mae cooTBercTBeHHO — 12,5 h 1 1,5 npoueHTOB. 
Bbirmca. 1990. 2 okt. C. 2. nocne HHBapcKHX co6brrHfi T. AjiweB Bbinieji H3 nap-ma 
h trran sepyioaatM — «. . .PlepeMeHa yiac™, T5DKeneHtune HcnbrraHHa npnBejin Mens 
k Bepe b 5ora» (Ajihcb nporuB AjiHeBa // H3Becnw. 1993. 4 aBr.). TaKHM o6pa30M, 
k Bepe npHium 06a KpynHemimx pyKOBOjBirejw a3epoafijDKaHCKitx KOMMyHHcroB — 
h AjiHeB, h Myrann6oB. 

B 3tot nepHoa AjiHeBa HHTepBb»npyeT Totnac Ruibu, TaK nepeaaiouiHH 
no35Ke ero cjioBa: «Bo3bMCM, HanpHMep, Myxajin6oBa. Si jihhho npoTHB Hero hh- 
Hero He HMeio. Ho oh nepBb, flBynHHHbifi, Jiaceu. Oh Hanojmnn napnaMeHT nap- 
TOKparaMH. 85 npoueHTOB h3 hhx — K0MMyHKCTbi». B 3tom ace HHTepBbio oh 
roBopHT, tto He HMeeT HHKaxoro OTHOiueHKa k apecTy 3nb<iH6e« b 1975 rosy, 
nocKOJitKy 6t>iji b 3ro Bpeum He pyKOBOjmrejieM KTE, a nepBWM ceKpeTape'M IJK. 
H oieHb xopomo othochtch k H<t>A. Cm.: Goltz T. Azerbaijan Diary. Armonk; 
London, 1998. P. 71, 

A. MyranHSoB nbrrajica OTCTpaHHTb T. AjnieBa, ho HaxHiesaHUbi He Bbwarm era. 
BnocjieflCTBHH T. Ajwes scnoMHHaji: «...Koraa HaxuneBaHb 0TKa3anacb yHaciBO- 
Batb b Bbi6opax MyraJwCoBa, oh nocjian k Haia aecaHT H3 o$HaepOB, htoSm ape- 
CTOBaTt MeHS. H BWCTynHJi no TejieBfweHHK) h 3aaBHJi, qro ecnw ohh k yTpy He 
ySepyTca bocbosch, nojmnineTca Hapoa h hm HecaoSpoBaTb. Hto hc — y5pajmcb» 
(H3Becn™. 1993. 4 asr. C. 5). 

BaKHHCKiiH pa6oqHH. 1991. 20 MapTa. C. 1; 27 Mapra. C. 1. 
EaKHHCKHK pa6oHHii. 1991. 18 ceHT. C. 1. 
EaKHHCKHfi paSoHHH. 1991. 11 ceirr. C. 1. 
EaKHHCKHH paSoHHH. 1992. 9 hhb. C. 1. 

H<t>A 3aaBHJi, HanpHMep, hto b BbiSopax npe3HaeHTa ynacTBOBajio 30 npoueHTOB 
(cm.: 3epKajio. 1991. Ns 37(57). C. 7). Ho 3Tofi UHcjjpe, Ha Hauu B3rjuw, Taicace Henb3a 
nosepjiTb, KaK h o4imma.-tt.Hoii. 



81 

33 
8* 
85 



169 



Aawtphh tPYPMAH, Aam ABACOB 



A. MaMeaoB, oahh H3 He HapoaHO$poHTOBCKHX, ho OTHocjrrejibHO jmSepajitHux 
aenyraTOB (oahh H3 osem. HeMHorHX aenyraTOB-y^eHMx), roBOptrr, KOCBeHHO npa- 
3HaBaa HeneMOKpaTHMHocn. BtibopOB: «Xots aeMOKpaxKHecKoe Kpwuo h Haxonirr- 
cs b napnaMetrrcKOM MeHbuiHHCTBe, Ha Hero opHeHTHpoBaHa 3HaiKTejn>Haji nacTb 
HaceneHHS, h xopouio, tto MHorae napjiaMeHTaprm oco3HaioT 3ry peajn>Hocn>» 
(BaKHHCKHii pa6oHHft. 1991. 1 MapTa. C. 2). 
BaKHHCKHH pa6oHHfi. 1991. 8 MapTa. C. 1. 

HaeonorHRecKH B. IIojisihhhko npeacTaBjran ccSoh (Jwrypy oneHb HHTepecHyto 
h HecKOJibKO TaHHCTBeHHyro. B oopameHHH, KOTOpoe oh Harmcan noane <apareann 
y MepHoH aepeBHH» — yHHTroxeHHH apMSHCKHMH 6oeBHKSMH b Hoa6pe 1991 roaa 
BepTOJieTa c qjreHaMH npaBHTeatcTBeHHofi komhcchh A3ep6aBaacaHa Ha 6opTy, 
noraouiHe Ha3i>iBaioTCs «HaniHMH aoporaMH BejiHKOMyqeHHKaMH». B o6paweHHn 
roBOpnTca: «A3ep6aHa»caHCKHH Hapoa nepestHJi see, »rro mojkct caTaua nocnaiB 
Ha 3eMmo. CenapaTHCTOB h -reppopHCTOB noaSaapHBajm H3 ueitrpa: aeficTByHTe, 
mm Bac noaaepacHM — h KpoBb JiHJiacb! Ajuiax Bee bhaht h 3Haer! Eor Bee 3HaeT h 
bhzott!.. y ucHTpa 6biaa oawa nojmTHKa: HaB^ratiBarb Be3ae cboh aHicraT, BMenra- 

BaTbCH, yHHTb, KaK HaflO JKKTb, paCCTaBJUm. CBOHX 3MHCCapOB, HT06bI OHH pyKOBO- 

anjiH HauMeHtniHHCTBaMH. XBaTHT!» (BaKHHCKHii paSoiHH. 1991. 23 hos6. C. 2). 
YShhctbo HojufflwiKO Ha CeBepHOM KaBKa3e — eme oaHa H3 TaftH, TaK h hc pac- 

KpMTMX flO CHX nop. 

riocjie rtpOBaiia nyrna A3epmj(popM aeJiaeT cneiwajtbHoe 3aaBJieHne o tom, hto 
ecjm Myrajin6oB h KpHTHKpBan TopGaneBa, to «...3Ta ero no3Huna nonHOcxbro 
cosnaaana c no3nune3 Beaymnx aeMOKpaTHiecKH mhcjwuihx noaimreecKHx aes- 
TeneK cipaHbi, b tom MHcne h B. H. Ejibu;ina — peuiHTejn>Horo cTopoHHHKa He- 
3bi6jieMOCTH pecnySaHKaHCKHX rpaHnu» (EaKHHCKHH pa6on:nK. 1991. 23 aar. C. 1). 
EaKHHCKHH pa6oiHH. 1991. 3 ceHT. 
EaKHHCKHi) paSowH. 1991. 17ceHT. 

TocceKperapt T, HcMatmoB, 3aMecTHTejib npeMtepa 3. raaameB, roccoBeraHK 
M. AcaaoB, reHepajrbHHH npoKypop H. rawSoB, 3aBeayioniMfi OTaejioM annapaTa 
npe3HaeHTa O. MHp3oeB, noMomHHK rocceKperapst P. MaMeaoB, npoKypop HKAO 
H. n.iaaCKHH h flpyrwe jiHua. Cm. «BaKHHCKHft pa6oHHH», 22.11.1991. HcropHjt 
c yHHHToaceHHeM BepToneTa — b Bwcuieii CTeneHH TaHHCTBeHHas, KaK, BnponeM, 
h MHorae HcropHH, CBS3aHHbie c KapaSaxcKHM koh<Jwthktom. Ha Mecre 6mjih o6Ha- 
pyiKeHbi He Bee Teaa aereBiUHX Ha BepxojieTe, npineM o6Hapy)KeHHbre owjih b TaKOM 

COCTOSHHH, 1TO HaeHTH^HKaiDtd HX 6iIJia HeB03M0!KHa. MepHWH SIHHK, 3a6paHHMH 

b MocKBy, no HH(J>opMaunn mockobckhx cjieaoBaTeaeS, TaK»e o6ropea ao TaKofi 
creneHH, hto He aaJi HHicaKoii HH<{>opMau.HH. Me»cay TeM b a3ep6afta»caHCKOH npec- 
ce GbiriM cooSmeram, ocHOBaHHbie, KOHeiHO Ha cayxax, hto kto-to H3 nponasiHHX 
awaefl, HbH Tejia He oSHapyixeHbi h He HaeHTH({)HUHpoBaH£>i, HaxoaHTca b apMaH- 
ckom aneHy. Cm.: Ehh MycaBaT. 1999. 20, 24 hos6. 
BaKHHCKHii pa6oq»H. 1992. 21 <J>eBp. C. 1. 

BaKHHCKjm pa6oiHH. 1992. 6 MapTa. y»ce nocne cBoero BToporo H3rHaHHH, Haxo- 
iwcb b 3MnrpauHH b MocKae, oh 3aaBHT, hto xoA>KajtHHCKyto pe'jHio cneunajitHO 
ycrpomiH, OEWTb-TaKH, 4To6bi csanHTb ero, HapOaHOtfipOHTOBUbl. «KaK rOBOpHJIH 
Te xoaataaHHitbi, KOTopwe enaexmci, 3to Bee 6mjio opraHH30BaHO aJia toto, ttoSw 



90 
91 
92 



»3 

94 



170 



A3ep&aPLuKaHCKan pCBOAK>unst 



102 



6bui noBOfl ana Moefl oTCTaBKH. KaKaa-TO ctuia aeficTBOBaaa ajw aKCKpeaHTaumi 

npe3meHTa» (H — ryMaHHCT b ayuie: HKrepBbK) A. MyTajinfioBa // JlHTepaTypHaa 

ra3eia. 1992. 2 anp.). CM.TaioKe: Goltz T. Op. cit. P. 136. 

BaKHHCKHH pa6oiKH. 1992. 7 MapTa. 

BaKHHCKHM paoOTHii. 1992. 10 MapTa. 

BaKHHCKHii paSoHHH. 1992. 18 MapTa. 

KaK cooSmaeT Tomac ToJibu, y %.. MaMeaoBa 6bino npo3BHme — «JJojmap MaMe- 

aoB», roBopKBUiee 06 ero Mexoaax, KaK perropa, HaSopa CTyaeHTOB. Cm.: Goltz T. 

Op. cit. P. 134. 

Bbrrb peajmcTOM b noJiHnnce: Eeceaa c Si. MaMeaoBbiM // BaKHHCKHii pa6oiHH. 

1992. 5 mora. 

EjIbHHH OAHH CHOC06eH OCTaHOBHTb BOHHy: HHTepBbK) %. MaMeaOBa // BaKHHCKHH 

pa6o«iHH. 1992. 3 anp. 

Heo6xOflHMbI aHCUHnilHHa, 3aKOHOnOpaaOK H eflHHCTBO // BaKHHCKHH pa60HHH. 

1992. 18 MapTa. 

BaKHHCKHH pa60HHH. 1992. 5 HIOHJL 

103 R, MaMeaoB c B03MymeHHeM roBOpm: «npHCTynnJiH k cop-rapoBKe Hatmfi no 

npHHUHny pyCCKOS3bIHH0H H a3ep6aKflJKaHOa3bIHHOH HHTejLHHreHUHH» (BaKHHCKHH 

pa6oHHH. 1992. 21 anp.). 

104 3epKMO. 1992. J^l l.C. 5. 

105 ripouuioe b KOHTeKCTe 6yaymero: HirrepBbio P. MexTHesa // BaKHHCKHH pa&OHHfi. 
1992. 7 anp. 

106 HeaoyMeHHe no noBoay mothbob 3toto peuieHna Bbipaacaa aawe TaKofi ocBeaoM- 
neHHMH neJiOBeK, KaK X. raa»cH3aae, ctaBMHH 3aTeM nocmpeaoM A3ep6aiia5KaHa 
b Pocchh, bhjihwh HapojiHo4>poHTOBeu. Cm.: raaacH3ane X. BwSopM, Bw6opti, bh- 
6opu (oiepeflHofi TproK HOMeraaiaTypbi hjih kohcu aBTopirrapHOH 3pw?) // Cbo6o- 
aa. 1992. 23 anp. Na 13(29). 

107 Bo BpeMJi o6cyHtaeHHa cpoKos SyjiymHX BwSopoB b napJiaMewre sbicTynaa A. 3ab- 
HHSefl, roBopHBiiiHH o HeoSxoflHMOCTH He HOBoro npe3HjeHTa, a chctcmm, ocho- 
BaHHOH Ha pa3,nejieHHH BJiacTeii h KOHTpoire Haa npe3nneHTCKOH BJiacTbio. Toraa 
oh npoH3HOCHT cjieayiomHe cnoBa, 3By4amne coBepuieHHo npoponecKH: «Cemac 
bw xOTHte H36paTt HOBoro npe3Haefrra. Ho npe3Hae«T, Koroporo bu H36epeTe... 
6yaeT CBepniyT qepe3 roa» (GolK T. Op. cit. P. 146). 

108 ' % Bepio b He3aBHCHMbiH A3ep6ailaJKaH: Hnxepfibio H. CyaeiiMaHOBa // BaKHHCKHH 
pa6oHnS. 1992. 6 Maa. C. 2. Te xs o6emaHH» coaepjKajiHCb h b apyrnx ero Bbicry- 
mieHHSx. Cm.: BbuiiKa. 1992. 3 Mas. C. 3. 

!09 ToMac TojibLi nHiuer 06 ero cbs3«x c I". AjineBbiM. Cm.: Goltz T. Op. cit. P. 226. 
Onpocw 3Toro BpeMeHH noKa3WBatOT 3HaqHrejibHHH «OTpbiB» A. 3jibHn6ejt ot 
apyrax KanoHnaTOB. no aamibiM ojmoro onpoca, 3a 3jrb l o(6ea 6bino 35,5 npoueH- 
tob, 3a r. AjiweBa — 28, 3a 3. MaMeaOBa — 15, 3a H. MaMeaoBa — 3,81, apyroS 
onpoc noKa3aji 50,1 3a A. 3jibiH6es, 20,8 3a 3. MaMeaosa, 16,2 3a .H. MaMeaoBa 
(b 3TOM onpoce T. Ajmes He <J>HrypHpoBaji). Cm.: Cfloooaa. 1992. 23 anp. Jfe 13(29). 
Eme oaHH onpoc noKa3aa, <no cpean 6aKHHueB 3a 3jib™6es — 48,65 npoueHTa 
a3ep6aHa»:aHiieB h 29,4 pyccKHX, 3a %.. MaMeaosa — 7,8 h 18,8, 3a T. AnHesa — 
15,5 h 17,6. Cm.: 3epKaao. 1992. N<- 18. 



no 



171 



AMHTpH* (PVPMAH, Aah aeacob 



116 
117 
IIS 



111 GoItzT. Op. cit. P. 187. 

112 Ibid. P. 188. 

ripe3HfleHT BepHync« // EaKHHCKHfl pa6oqnB. 1992. 15 inaa. Cm. TaioKe: BwuiKa. 

1992. 17 mm. 

B TaKTHHecKOM othouichhh onepanwa, o^eBrtflHO, 6twa npeKpacHO npoztyMana 
H. raMHflOBUM. MyTajm6oB 6ojTbine Bcero 6ohjics unypMa npe3HaeHTCKoro flBop- 
ua, spozie 6ti — eciecTBeHHofi uejin BocciaBuiMx. rio3TOMy rani 6bwa cnjibHaa 
Boopy»ceHHaa oxpaKa. H. TaMHAOB TatoKe wraaaBan hjeihmhio, hto uejii, — jiBopen, 
Meaury xeM b nocjieflHHH momcht BoccraBtiiHe norajiH Ha napjiaMeHT, KOTopwft 
oxpaHSJics cjia6o. Ho nocne h3b6Cthh o b3hthh napjiaMeHTa HepBW h y oxpaHti, 
h y MyTa3H6oBa He Bbmep*iajin. 

Onno3Huna, npeacae Bcero, ecrecTBeHHO, npOHrpaBiimii H. CyjiefiMaHOB, yTBep- 
acaajia, tto yace 3axBaTHBiiiHe k 3TOMy BpeMemi HcnoJTHHrejibHyio BJiacn, Ha Mec- 
Tax HapoflHo^poHTOBuw <paitbcn<pnuHpoBajrH BH6opu, H. CyjieflMaHOB .nance roBO- 
pHJ!, tto peajibHO oh nonyroji 80 npouenroB roJiocoB (BepKMO. 1993. 26 am. 
C. 1). 3to yTBepiKJieHHe, KaK h flpyrae ero yxBepSKfleKHS, npHHHMaTb scepbe'3, pa- 
3yMeeTca, Hejn>3s, h o<teBwmo, b ochobhom Bu6opw 6burn necTHwe h caM npouem 
tojiocob, nojryHeHHHx 3jimH6eeM, pa30iapoBaBinnH, HacKontKO MHe mBecTHO, 
nimepoB HOA, tobopht b nojib3y 3Toro. Ho to, ito Mec-mbie pyKOBOflHTenH HC»A 
MoraH Koe-rae Hcnojn>30Ba-n. h HeMecTHwe npHeMti, BnoJine bo3moh<ho. 
BaKHHCKHft pa6o<iHH. 1992. 16 hsohs. 

Enorpa<pHH 3thx nroaefi cm. b ra3eTe «EaKHHCKHH pa6oHHH» ot 19 Mas 1992 rojia. 
CBoero poaa «KnaccoBbrH ot6op», coBepniaBuiHiiCH b HapoflHO<j>poHTOBCKofi Bep- 
xyimce, BHaeH b nojiH-rmecKoii cyat6e oiiHoro ra BHjiHbix flesTejieii H<t>A. T. Ka- 
paeBa. T. KapaeB, aoaeHT Bry, c 1978 roaa — 3aMecTHTejib aejtaHa ropwiHHecKoro 
(paKyjn.Tera (cm.: EaKHHCKttft pa6o™fi. 1992. 2 hiohh) — ojihh H3 hcmhophx Ha- 
poaHO(j)poTOBiieB — Bfeixojieu H3 HOMeHKJiaTypHofl ceMbH. Ero oteu — KpynHHii 
napipa6oTHHK. OieHb HHTejumreKTHwH nejioBeic c xopouiHMH MaHepaMH, oh ctb- 
hobhtcji ecrecTBeHHUM jiaaepoM (ppaiaiHH «He3aBncHMbiH A3ep6afLiwcaH» b Bep- 
xobhom CoBeTe h, noxoace, ycTaHaBJTHBaeT «pa6oiHe» OTHOiueHna c A. MyTain6o- 
bmm u MyTanHSoBCKofi BepxyiiiKofl. Ho, oieBwwo, b H<£A ero HeaojnogjinBaioT 
(HMeHHO 3a tg KanecTBa, Koropwe aejiajin ero npneMJieMbiM arcs MyTann6oBa), 
h nocne naaeHHfl Xoawajiw HanHHaroTcs pa3roBopw o tom, hto oh — o^hh H3 

BHHOBHHKOB, npOHBHBUIHX EipeCTynHyiO XaiiaTHOCTb. HO eMy, OHthHJlllO, H CaMOMy 

He oqeHb Jiereo cpeaw «nne6eeB» HOA. Oh co3aaeT cbokj napraio «Aorpy hoji» 

(«Bep«uJi nyTb») h xots He noptrBaeT c HO A, roBopHT o HeM TaK: «PeanbHOCTb 

ceroaHH xaKosa, wo H<J>A nocreneHHO nepepoamaeics b eflHHyro napTHio, ocxaaa- 

hcb Bepm,rM cBoen pa3pymnTejiBHoR TaKTHKe» (BaKHHCKHfi pa6otnfi. 1992. 28 anp.). 

nocreneHHO oh Bee oojiee h Bortee OTXoaHT b onno3HUHKi. 

l aK, oh aasaji HHTepBbio nocjie pa3opyaceHsui b Jiecy noa Xbuw orpaaa, nonbrraB- 

iueroca 3axBaTHTb BJiacn, b Xtnax, pyKOBOflHTerao «ToBoe» TaajKH A6jy.Ty. Cm.: 

BaKHHCKHfi paooiHH. 1992. 12ceHT. 

O tom, Kaiuie rpynnnpoBKH ctsjih CTaHOBjrrtca y BJiacTH Ha Mecrax noa ijmaroM 

HOA, aaeT npeacraBJieHHe craTba b wBaKHHCKOM pa60HeM», b KOTopofl paccKa3bi- 

BaeTCS npo HOBoro rjiaBy HcnojmHTejitHOH BnacxH b Tay3e C. nanaxoBa, KOTopbiS 

172 



A3ep6a(tuKaMCKan peBOAsouna 



cpa3y 3Ke 6e3 o6 p b«CKeHHH CTaji CHHMaTb c pa6oTM h nporoiwn> K3 KBapmp He Ta- 
y3ues, nocaflHB b pyKOBOflsniwe Kpecna cbohx poacTBeHHHKOB. K KoppecnoHfleHTy 
«BaKKHCKoro pa6oqero» Toace npHuinw jikwh C. riaHaxOBa c aBTOMaTaMH h CKa3a- 
im: «CTapyio Bnacn, noxopoKHnH. CeiWac 3aecb mm — BJiacn.. Mu yace ocbo6o- 
jihjih iwn> KBapTwp, tbob — inecTaaw. C. IlaHaxoB rOBOpwn: «JXaKis cpoK — h mw 
oihcthm pafloH ot Bcex npniuejrbueB» — . h caM, CBoeK Bonefi, Baen b Tay3e ko- 
MeHaaHTCKHH nac. Cm.: <t>apaa>KeB M. Tay3 tojibko juw Tay3ueB? // EaKHHCKHH pa- 
6o4kh. 1992. 11 ceirr. B KOHue 1992 — Haaasie 1993 ro.ua yawie CTojiKHoaeHHs 
MecTHbix rpynnHpOBOK npOKaTmiHCi no sceMy A3ep6aiifl»caHy. B flstairniia6aae 
6i>uia nonwrea chjioh npornarb maBy HcnojiHHrejibHOH BJiacra T. HypneBa, koto- 
pbifi He JieHKOpaHeu no npoHcxoauieHmo h ciuibHO saTponyn HHTepecb! jieHxopaH- 
ckhx npaBHiitHX KJiaHOB, ciwb 17 pyKOBOflHTeJieS x03SMCTB h 3aBeaa Ha 5 H3 hhx 
yrojiOBHbie nena. Cm.: fljsaHHapOB 3. JJ»ajinjia6aa: nia3aMn oqesHflua // EaKHH- 
CKHH pa6oMHH. 1993. 2 $eBp. Eopb6a b HaxnieBaHH, rae b oKTsSpe 1992 rona, 
nocne roro KaK T. AjmeB H36aannca ot HapoflHO^ipOHTOBneB, 3atWBUiHx pyKOBO- 
jwuiKe nocTbi a npoBoposaBEUHxca, MecTHWH H3>A noribrrajica npoH3Becra boo- 
pyKeHHMft nepesopoT (co bccmh nonaraiomHMHCs aTpH6yTaMn — 3axBaroM Teae- 
BHfleHHii h 3aaHHS MBfl, CTpejibSoft), TaKHte, oieBHUHO, HMena mianoByio noao- 
nneicy. Cm.: EaKHHCKHH paoo^HH. 1992. 28 okt. 

H. FaMHUOB rOBOpMJi: «Y Hac HeT HauKOHanbHoii 6ypacya3nH. fleHbra Harpa6neHH 
nioabMH, HaaejieHHWMH BJiacxbio, KOppyMnHpoBaHHbiMH no Mcora KOCTe«». Cm.: 
BaKHHCKHH pa6oiHH. 1992. 12ceHT. 

Cm.: PacHM3ane A. III. nepBbie cto flHefl npaBjieHna Hapojmoro <fcpoHTa // BbiniKa. 
1992. 5 aar. C. 3. 

B 3to BpeMfl npoHcxoaHT MaccoBoe H3MeHeMHe 4>aMHJinii — pyccxoe OKOHHamie 
«ob» oT^pacbiBaerca ilhh 3aMeHseTcs a3ep6afiflacaKCKHMK «orjiw», «jjm», «3ajie». 
Hca TaM6apoB, HanpnMep, ctaHOBHica Hcoii TaM6apoM, HeftMaT rianaxoB — Ila- 

HaXUbl h t. n. 

BamiHCKHK pa6oHHfi. 1992. 30 hkhw; CBo6oaa. 1992. 19 hk>h*. N° 21(37). 
CBo6ona. 1992. 19 mom. X° 21(37). 

O CTHjie, b kotopom H<t>A roBopHT o cpe,nHea3HaTCKHx pe5KHMax, aaer npeacTaB- 
neHne h 3aasjieMHe HcnoracoMa HOA b cb»h c noK>iiieHHeM Ha samepa. y36eKCKoro 
«BHpjiMKa» A. IlyjiaTOBa: «3to noKymeHHe — ojma H3 cocTaBHbix Hacrefi nojiHTH- 
kh, npoBoaHMofi peaimHOHHWMH CMaMH bo rjiaBe c ripe3HneHTOM y36eKHCTaHa 
HcnaMOM KapnMOBbiM, cTpeMamHMca j]k6mmm cpeacTBaMH coxpaHHTb b y36eoi- 
craHe KOMMyHncTnqeciaw pbhchm h noTonHTb b kpobh HauHOHanbHO-jieMOKpaTH- 
qecKoe aBH5KeHKe». Cm.: EaKHHCKHfi pa6oMnii. 1992. 7 hk>ju. 
Bwunca. 1992. 12 hoh6. 

H naace He TOJibKO Taioie jiwjih. Boo6me poMaHTH3amM TypuKH np« ycHneHHH 
KOHTaKTOB c hcS He Monia He BecTH, KaK JiioSaH poMaHTH3auna, k pa3OHap0BaHHK>. 
B 3tom OTHOiueHHH o^BHb HHTepecHO HHTepBbK) iiOJiro npopaSoxaBoiero b TypuHH 
H3BecTHoro nncaTejiH AHapa: «Typuna — 3to aeflcTBHTeJibHo npeKpacHas CTpaHa, 
npeKpacHbifi Hapofl. Ho bot ee o6roecTBeHHaa »M3Hb, ona KaK-TO noBepHyxa 6onb- 
uie nnnoM Ha 3ana«». Oh — b sbhoh o6nae Ha HeflocraTOHHO HHTepecyioiiDixcfl 
A3ep6a8fl»caH0M TypoK. H npwexaji H3 TypUHH c y6e»cfleHHeM, ito co3aaHHaa 



124 
125 
126 



12? 
128 



173 



Amhtphh cpypMAH, Aah ABACOB 



132 
133 
134 



3a roflM coBeTCKofl BJiaCTK a3ep6aftgacaHCKaa KyJitxypa — Bbiuie, ieM icyjibxypa 
jik>6oh MycyHbMaHCKoS cxpanu (Bbiiuiea. 1993. 10 hkmis). 

«...He H3MeHHJICH HHpOKHM, HH CTpOH... K BJiaCTH npHUUIH aBTOpHTapHO MHCJ1S- 

mHe jikmh. Hx ocKOsnaH uejn. — 3aiwn> BbicoKHe aojiacHOCTHw (3epKajio. 1992. 

Xa 29. C. 5). 

«Mbi 6opojiKCb He 3a to, hto6w npHBecra k BJiacxn jirofleH, KOTOpbie 3aMemiT kom- 

MyHHCTOB h npOflOJiacat noJiMTMKy KOMMyHHCTHiecicoro TOTanHTapH3Ma» (3epKano. 

1992. j\s 29(164)). 

Cm.! 3tH6ap BejiHKOjienHbifi: HHxepBbio c nunepoM onno3HUHH b A3ep6afia5KaHe 

3. MaMcnoBbiM // 3epKano. 1993. Jfs 3(76). 

EaKHHCKiiFt paSOHMii. 1992. 8 Htojw. 

3epKajio. 1992. Ns 79. 

Cm. Seceay c noaaBiiiHM b 3HaK npoTecTa b OTCTaBKy 3aMecTHTejieM npeaceaaT&ns 

TaMoaceHHoro KOMHTexa 3. AxMeaosbiM, Koxopbiii paccKa3biBaer o tom, Kax xa- 

moskhh CTajTH 3anojiHJm.ca 6aKHHCKHMH na6opaHxaMH h noao6HtiMM npeflCTaaHTe- 

JlflMH KHTejIJIHreHTCKHX HH30B HapoaHO$pOHTOBUaMH H pOilCTBeHHHKaMH Ha- 

ponHO(ppoHTOBueB (Bbimica. 1993. 15 Mas). O rpoMaawwx Macurra6ax BopoBcrsa 
rocceKperapsi h 3aTeM — nocjienHero HapoaHotppOHXOBCKoro npeMbep-MHHHCipa 
n. TycefiHOBa h ero CTHJie xch3hh b 3T0T nepwoxi (oh pa3i.e3»caii b 6e«OM «Mepce- 
aece») cm.: Goltz T. Op. cit. P. 280 — 282. Ilocjie noSeabi rycefiHOBCKoro ny-rna 
h npHxoaa k BJiacTH T. AjiaeBa oh 6bm o6bhhch bo B3srroHHHHecTBe h npoaa>Ke 

,HOJI>KHOCTeH. CM. HHTepBblO C DblBEHHM 3aMeCTHTejieM MHHHCTpa BHyXpeHHHX flCjl 

A3ep6aiia>KaHa T. FlamaeBbiM (PaSoHas xpH6yHa. 1993. 11 ceHT.). 
KaK y MHornx He oneHb KyJibrypHbtx moaefi, OKa3biBaroiiiHxcs Bnpyr bo anacxHbix 
no3HiiHHX h 3aB0eBaBiuKX 6ojibinyio nonyjwpHocTb, b ncHxmce FaMaaoBa hbho 
B03HHKnH KaKHe-TO naxojioniHecKHe HRneHHa. TaK, oh CTaji yTBeparaaxb, hto 
A3ep6aito;aH HMeer paKeTH c saepHWMH 6oeroJiOBKaMn. Cm.: Golt2 T. Op. cit. 
P. 261 . HeiTO nojio6Hoe yxBepscnaji h HeneHCicHH npe3HfleHX JXyxaea. 

TyT HeoSxOaHMO O.HHO HOHCHCHHe. rtOieMy 6H3HeCM6HbI CXaHOBHTCH BHflHblMH 

KOMaKUHpaMH apMHH? floTOMy qro npo6jieMW BeaeHHS bohhm b A3ep6afla>KaMe 
b tot nepnofl — 3X0 npeame scero npoSneMW CHaGaceHsui: BOopyxceHHeM, flOBOJib- 
CTBHeM, noKynKoft pyccfocc cneiiHanHCTOB. H aanbiibi, cnoco6Hwe HauaflHXb xo- 
pOIIIHe CBA3H q pocchhckhmh BoeHHHMH H Ha cboh fleHtm BOOpySCHXb raoflefl 
(C TyceiiHOB caM Boopyaaui cboh co6cTBeHHHH oxpsm), peam.HO MoniB caenaTb 
nnx apMHH eaBa n« He 6oniuie, qeM npot()eccHOHajiw, o4»nnepu CoBeTCKofl ApMHH, 
KOTopbiM, TeM 6ojiee Hapojmo(J)poHTOBUbi, He flOBepsuiH. Cm. HKrepBbro c reHepa- 
jiom B. EapuiaTHbi, 6wbibhm bo BpeMH ycneuiHoro HacTynneHHii a3ep6afti3KaHueB 
jieTOM 1992 rana HanajibHHKOM reHeparibHoro urra6a, KOTOpuii He Mor BbinecTH 
CHCrreMU «napTMflHO-KJiaHOBoro» CHaSsKeHns h yuian c nocTa (BwiiiKa. 1993. 
15 Maa). 

3epKano. 1993. X? 46(219). Bbui apecTOBaH xaftace pyccKHH otpnuep Ha CJiy*:6e 
a3ep6afia2caHCKOH apMHH B. MynpaK. OneBnimo, 3th apecxw 3aTpoHyjm oneHb 
MOWHyio Ma<J)H03Hyio ceib, noxoMy ^rro oimoBpeMeHHo c hhmh npoH30imio TaHH- 
CTBeHHoe ySHScxBO b nojib&3np ero flOMa KOHTp-aaMHpaJia 3. ryceftHOBa. Cm.: 
BtmiKa. 1993. 27 anp. 



174 



A3ep6afli>KaHCKan peaoAWumi 



138 



Koraa k Macra npHinen T. AjraeB, B. HteapjiH 6bin, ecreciBeHHO, BbinymeH. B HH- 
TepBbio, KOTOpoe oh aaji nocne 3roro, oh lastawt, vto aeMbrti 6mjih, omrri-xaKH, 
ecTecTBeHHO, He ero, a npeaHasHaHeHHwe ana noKynKH opynow y pycctcux. «Cne- 
flosaTenH (pem> HaeT 06 aaepoaHZDKaHCKHX cjicaoBaTejisx) Tpe6oBanH Ha3Batb koh- 
KpeTHbix jiHU, y Koropbix noKynamocb opyjKne. Ho « OTKa3anca oTBenrrb, TaK KaK 
cwran, "(to hs Bnpaae pacKpwTb HMeiia BbicofconocTaBJieHHbix jihu poccHHCuoii 
apMHH, Koropbie cnenajiH xopouiee ana Hac» (3epfcajio. 1993. 8 hkuk. C. 1). 
BoflHa mm mhothx — cpencTBO caM0B03Bejin»ieHHa: HHTepBbio A. 3jibHH6es // 
He3a3HCKMaa ra3eTa. 1993. 5 Mapxa. 

Bbi6opw aojracHW 6mjih ocHOBfereaTbCH Ha coieraHHH MajKopirrapHoft h nponop- 
UHOHajibHofl CHcxeM. H3 121 aenyraTa 60 noiracHM Dmjih 6wn. n36paHii no nap- 
thhhhm cnncKaM, 61 — npocTbiM 6ojibiuHHCTBOM b OAHOMaHaaTHMX OKpyrax 
(3ep K ajio. 1993. JV° 12(185)). 
Cm. ero HHTepBbio: H3Becrna. 1993. 26 mora. 



CnMCOKABTOPOB 



1. ASacoB Ajih, aonrop (fmnoco^cKKX HayK, npo(J>eccop, flwpeKTOp HHCTrrryTa 
4>hjioco(J)hh, couHOJioniH h npaBa AKaaeMHH HayK A3ep6afizDKaHa, BaKy. 

2. AJiH~3ane 3apayuiT, KaHflimaT HCTopH^ecKHX HayK, conpeaceaaTeni. Co- 
UHaji-fleMOKpaTHHecKOM IlapTHH A3ep6aHjx»taHa, rjiasHMH peaaKTop ra3e- 

TM «HcTHrJiajl» («He3aBHCHMOCTI.»). 

3. Ayx EBa-Mapiia, accHCTeHT reHflenbSeprcKOro yHHBepcHTeTa, reKaejib- 
6epr, TepMaHHH. 

4. EaaajiOB PaxswaH, jioicrop <{>HJioco<i>CKHX MayK, npo$eccop, BaKy. 

5. TyceHHOBa Mpaaa. ncypHanHCT, a^pHan «Mohhtop», BaKy. 

6. AxcyBapjiu Torpyji, aHanHTHK HH$opMauHOHHoro ueHTpa «TypaH», BaKy. 

7. Iloaaorjibi Ty6aa, KaHanaaT 3KOH0MHHecKHX HayK, BaKy. 

8. Kopuejui CeaHTe, npenonaBaTenb OTfl&neHHJi KOH(J>JiHKTOJiorHH h boc- 
TOHHoeBponeficKHX HccJieflOBaHHft yHHBepcHTeTa r. Ynncajiti, Ynncana, 

IIlBeUHfl. 

9. KyjiHes TacaH, floscrop $hjioco4»ckhx HayK, npo$eccop, BaKy. 

10. MoTHKa Payji, accHCTeHT reHflejitSeprcKoro yHHBepcHTeTa, repMaHHS. 

1 1. MypcajiueB, A3ep, JKypHajiHCT, ra3eia «KoMMepcaHTb», MocKBa. 

12. MycaoeKOB Pacmvi, KaHflHflax HCTOpHHecKHX HayK, BaKy. 

13. CBeHTOxoBCKHH Taaeyui, npo<J>eccop YHHBepcHTeTa KojiaM6na, 
Htro-KopK, CUIA. 

14. Cmht MafiKJl, npenoflaBaTenb J^acopaHCTayHCKoro yHHBepcHTeTa, ^3Kop- 
nHcrayH, CLUA. 

15. 4>ypM3H ^MHTpHH, flOKTOp HCTOpHHeCKHX HayK, HpOlJiecCOp, rJiaBHHH Ha- 

yHHBifl coTpy^HHK HHCTHTyra EBponbi PAH, MocKBa. 

16. IIIepMaTOBa CaHoSap, acypHajiHCT, ra3eTa «MocKOBCKHe Hobocth», 
MocKBa. 



490 



COAEP>KAHME 



ffMumpuu 0ypMan 

A3ep6aHfl)KaH h Poccha. BaeaeHHe .'. 3 

Tadeyut CeeHtnoxoecKuu 

PyccKoe npaBJieHHe, MoaepHH3aTopcKHe sjihtm 

h cTaHOBJieHHe HaiiHOHanbHOfi nneHraiHocTH b A3ep6aHaacaHe 1 1 

Eea-Mapux Ayx 

Meamy npHcnoco6neHneM h caMoyTBepacneHHeM. 

PaHHHH 3Tan nOHCKOB HauHOHaJIbHOH HfleHTKHHOCTH 

b cpeae MycyjibMaHCKofi HHTeJiJiHremuiH h B03HHKHOBeHHe 

HOBoro oSmecTBaHa Eoro-BocjoiHOM KaBKa3e (1875 — 1905 rr.) 50 

Mautai CMum 

nawffTb 06 yipaxax h asepSaiiflHcaHCKoe caMoco3HaHHe 88 

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3apdyuim Ajiu-3ade 

A3ep6aHfljieaHCKaa 3JiHTa h Maccbi b nepHOa pacnaaa CCCP 

{CTaT&H-MeMyapM o SypHOM BpeMeHH) 176 

CanoGap UlepMamoea 

Teflflap AjineB (IUrpHxn k nopTpery nejiOBeica h «nopTpeTy pejKHMa») 210 

racan Kyjiuee 

TpyflHaji HCTOpHa Mhjijih MeaaoiHca (HamioHajibHOro Co6paHHs) 

A3ep6aiia)KaHa 234 

Poxmoh Eadanoe 

Eaicy: ropoa h cipaHa 256 

Ami A6acoe 

HcnaM b coBpeMeHHOM A3ep6afiflacaHe: o6pa3bi HpeannH 280 



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HcjiaMCKHe «ceTH» b A3ep6aKa»caHe 90-x ro«OB 3 1 1 

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BeaceHim, hx noJioaeeHHe h pojib 

b coBpeMeHHOM a3ep6aSa»:aHCK0M o6mecTBe 323 

PacuM Myca6eK0e 

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H 3THHHeCKHe MeHbUIHHCTBa 337 

Fy6ad Hdadozm* 

H3flepKKH «nepexo^Horo nepHOfla» b A3ep6aHflHcaHe 363 

Toepyji MoKyeapJibi 

A3ep6aKfl>KaHCKaa He4>Ti>: iiohckh paBHOfleiicTByiomeH 379. 

Ceanme Kopnemi 

Koh((uihkt b HaropHOM Kapa6axe: flHHaMHKa h nepcneKTHBH peuieHHJi 435 

A3ep Mypcanuee 

A3ep6afifl)KaH b pocchmckoh npecce (1988 — 2000). 

Cy6-beKTHBHHH B3ra«a o6i.eicra 478 

Ciihcok aBxopoB 490 



A3ep6aHA%aH h Pocchh: oomecTBa h rocyaapcTBa 

C6opHUK cmameu 

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Peaaicrop C. M. Hadxaipoea 

TexHHiecKHfl pe«airrop A. IO. 3y&KOe 

KoppeKTOpbi C. M. XopoutKUHa, C. 'U. 3y6xoea 

0(J)opMJieHHe oSnoacKH M. Verte 



rioflnHcaHO b neqa-n, 25.02.2001. OopMar 60x90/16. neiaii, o^ceraaa. EyMara 
0<J>ceTHaji Ns 1. TapHHrypa TaHMC. Yen. nei. ji. 31. Tapaw 1300 3K3. 3aK. N° 771 , 

3AO HTJI «JIeTHHH caa». 121069, MocKBa, B. HHKHTCicas, 46. 
H3aaTe^bCKaa jiimeH3Ha H/( 03439 ot 5. 12.2000 r. 



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160001, Bonoraa, yji. 4ejnocKnime&, 3 




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