Ecologically
SignificanfWetlands
intheFlatheadr Still water,
and Sw»i River Valleys
FINAL REPORT
JUNE 1, 1999
Submitted to
theM ontana D epartment off Environmental Q uality
Prepared by
Jack Gieenlee
M O M T A ^ 1^
Natural Heritage
Program
Ecologically
Significant Wetlands
in the
Flathead, Stillwater, and
Swan River Valleys
JUNE 1, 1999
DEQ Agreement
280016
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Thisdooimait ^ouldbedted sfDllows
GcHubc JT 1998 Ecnli>^ k jfl> si^ njrui^iiil hi'iH Lind'i ld i lie Ftl l]i::id, Si ilh«!l er jnd B'' jn P iier v:JIc)?k Uipub-
lEvliL'd rcjnl Lo I lie NroDi Jii!i DL'rtuI DiL'Ql i>f EiviR>i]n::Dl jl Qudlly. Moruau j N:l ii!!] Hl'hj^? Pnignn H L'k'n j. MT.
I^pp
Ji L^r+rar^ '^^ MonEiFi* NhIufb] Hcnta^r PrD^nm received b wctlind prDlccEnn
" IJJLI QL^L grant fiDm 1hc EnviiunnKiil aJ Fmlcction \frncy to xlcn1]fy ind ]nvcn-
tory ceo k>E>L aJLy ypnift-ant wcllinck ami piKmtiJC tbtm for conhcrva-
tnn. rc^toralun^ icul iruti^itiLi ii ippLicatni^ N^ iKh oF 1 he s1 a1c LauLs
bek informalion abcut H*^ v^cllind rcsoun^cs Like MatLonal Wdlind
Invrntory mBp> inJ lb:i? £i oen k^ informatton available abcut v^hich
cf lhe lemaiiung x^ttlamis art iLurlxinally ]nlBct arvl ot high quBlily.
Tht> rcpon sijmnian/e> lb? re>ijLl'^ of a field invcnior^' of high ciuaJity
VFftlBiich in lb: Flalbzad Vallry
Tht project toc^usdil on bi>th pubLx ind private wrtlamis bund in lhc
FLalhtad Lakr^ Slillwilcr. ind S \^ an drajnBga> m Ibt FLBlbzad R]V[^r
watcnthcd Wt n^ntLfinl polcnl]^! ^^rtLandh Ebr invi:nti>r> b> qiii^ryiiig
bcally knowLcd^ablt LmlivbJu4b> and by L£>]ng NitnnaJ WetLand
Invrnlor^' mapt^ acnal imagery^ and BgciK> dala. Cnlcria uhcd lo "vln-t
wctlanch for invrnlory incLixJcd lirgc ^izr^ wcllarx^ witbiL>ul ^^mnq^biK
or hydrok^gic modiridtK^ii protfncc of inlarl iial]VL' plant commun]ti»>,
[irE^^L'ncc of concirnlrilu nh ofrair planlscrr animals ami inlarl LipLajrLs.
Of thf appio itunalcly 100 jwlcntiaJ wcl]arxt> Iha1 were idcntifKd, 54
appear ]n tbici import.
The ccotagkaJ asscHsrrtnt of c*:h wcllarxl fbcushol pnminly on vcgcla-
tiDn nincLiJii^nl in^ the types of ^^'cllind i:i>niniujiil>^ picscm 1heir qualMy
and coDilition, anJ rire or sereiH ivc plant spec its prcscnl Wc also
rccoi~de:1 LutonrutKm onsL'Lcctfd h>di~oLogic ami soil ^anablfs ukj^I la
h}drogcomLiT|Thic issL'^m.'nls and the quaJityVconJH K>n of the sunound-
ing LandHcape as l1 relalcd lo fiuKlioruL intrgnty
Our obhcn'4t»n> indx-aLc Iha1 some 1>pn of ^vetLaixb^ like wrt meaikiwE
and vallry bottom npinin (^ommunLl ifs^ ha>e drcieased ]n ^crta^r and
quality ]n tht l«it [^) ycais^ wluLc sjm^ types of maish 4.0 mmuni tics,
bkc caltail communilm. aie likely mLut comnan than IIev wert hnLon-
cally Pcillandi and forcslenl wcllan[i>. siich a.*^ spnxe sw amps, art
EnEnnsiciUy raie ind pi~ovxJc outs1am1ing bubitit tor wikUife ind rare
planis ind aiumits
Thequ*bty ami ^gnrficance of c*c h silc was ranked, and s]lcs wcie
placed in one of ibur 4. ale^Tks based on sj/e wetland corxJ]tnu upland
comlitton, the clLverwty of pi ani commiinitcs and welland feaLLues a1 lb?
site and prt^rerte oF rare species and cojnmunitks- Opttons and piijn-
liK for pn^lecting site?i, SIX h asspeciaJ status des]gua1 K>n of public lancb
or pla(.]ng s]tcs uncfcr conhen-itcn cayeinrnts or in IIk Wetlamj Reserve
Piogram are "^uninian/ed Del ailed tks^nplu r^ of wetlam] ^iles and
communilLes are presentenl m ippendEcs. Land iruniger: cin apply the
piocess prt^rentcd hirre lo help evaluate wellamis which were not mvento-
ned
The wctlanH uifbimitrm prracnCrd here can be irrd to prinritizc vrel-
Famih for conhen'^tnn xJenlify ]rTcpl«.eable wcllinck Kl^utdy nzfeienzc
wetlanct:, KJcn1if> polcniiil iratifitiDU wi\\^^ piuvKl? a context Ebr wcl-
lam] permil itfLcw, ami piovyJe ]nforma1ion for landu^ dcc&tons.
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RESULTS AND 01 SCLiSSION.^ ^ ^ ^ ^ Li
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Emcr^LTmicrttM-cuiUii vc^cttixm IS
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APPENDIX B-FIELO FORM JJ
APPENDEXC-C/S RANK GUIDELINES 49
APPENDIX O-COMMLT^nVCHAHACrERJZATIONABS'EHACTS 51
APPENDIX E- SITE OESCRI PI IONS H)
APPEN13IXF-CAH\BEDBEt.TI-EFAUN\ \SSt>t] \TED WETH WETLAHOSOF IHE
FLATHEAOHIVEltWATERSHEO OF NORTH ^VEST MONTANA I6S
APPENDIXC- PRIORITY WAT FRSEIEDS FOR WET LAND INVENTOE4V 191
u
lNTR.QP_UCTI_pN
PURPOSE AND SiGNSfiCANCE
Wetlands m North America hB\c
hj^toricBLLy been vk^cd as Linproduclivc
iBcids wilh Little viluc lo noricty iMitsch
and Go!i^>clink L993| .^ a consequence,
swam|v>. nian>bics_ slo Lighs and olbicr
^ctlflnds hflvc lang been drained, fjJlcd,
and Dlhcr\^'L'>c m b njpul b ted to ^reduce
goods and services with more value to
societv- The rr'tull of the-^e efforts has
been the estimBted Loss of overhilf of
the conterminou'5 United Stiles' x^-etlBnd
acreage since the 17BI)\, ^nd b Loss of
about 25^ of MontBRB^s welland
acreage m lhe sinic tJinc period TDahl
1990)
In the lisl 20 ^eais, however, bs
awareness of lhe cumulBtJve losses ind
iinpicts to wethnds has giown, so. 1od_
hBS socielv's 4W4renc?iS of lhe numcTDUs
ecoEvslem servjces provided by
wetlands, BS well as the i r eco no mic
value, lhe nH>st recent c?ilima1e valued
global welLand ccosyslem services al
34 9 triLLion^ycBr (CostBnza el *1- 1997).
Efforts to protect wellands have
jiHensined bIso ind IbIzc ihbrv forms
acquisi tion. crcBtioii edncBtion,
mcentivcs management, rrgulalion,
research, and rc?i1orB tion, 1o mine a few
(World WiLdLife Fund 1992)
Fo r CO nsc rv B t Jon cftbrlE to be most
effctlive, bBscLine jnlbrmBtion must be
gathered vii ^etlind in^enlories 1o
documenl the locilion ind Hfcs of
wetlands that e\isl in an area. The need
lor wetland inventory information was
recognjzed by the Mo man* Wei I and
Co line iL in its Drafl Conservilion
Slralegy (MontBHB Wel Land CoudcjI
SlralegvWorizing Group L99T1- This
mvenlory CBn take mBny forms, from lhe
NitionBl WelLand Invenlorj^s (NW])
mapping of we1 Lands determined by
remole sensing to field jnvenlories of
high qnaLity "^ e1 linds sue h bs ^4s
eondncled by the Montana Natural
Meringe Program iMTNHF) m 199B-
The puqiose of MTNHP^s wethnd
mvenlory is 1o identify ind inventory
ecologically sigmfjcanl welLands And
priontjze I hem for consci v-BtJon
restoration, and miligalion applications.
ALthoiigh Monlana is one of the few
si ales to have b rehuvely comprehensive
wetUnd \ege1a1ion c I assiFicil ion, a
c<]mpirable inventory of wethnds — one
thai detijLs localion. communjl^
composition. CO ndi1 ion, funclionil
integrity, Bnd conserv b tjo n sjg njfic b nc e
-hBs beensorelv Lacking MTWHP^s
wethnd inventory is sjgnjficBnt because
i1 T^iLL provide government agencies^
wAlep>hed gioups, Und lrusls. Locil
phnncrs. Con*icrvalion Dislriels. and
otheis involved jn wdland protection
ellbrts iccess lo reljBble info rnia1 lo n on
the divcrsjiy of wethnd types, where
they ire, Bnd their re I alive significance^
in order to effcclivcLy prioriliie wetlind
con*icrvatJon efforts Good wellaitl
infonnBtionein help ensure lhat
protection, niitigHion, ind rcslorilicn
efforts tBrge! lhe full range of wel Land
diversity, including those wetlands
which ireonlstBnding, unjqnc, or which
C4]ntnbule most to W4tep>hed integrity
and function. Qnlil now. accc5>s 1o siich
information in Monlana hBS been hnnled
because i1 rc?iidcs in various fonnits
amc ng diffe rem agencies or bccinse it
hBS no1 been collected.
In o ther wc;stern si alc?i such is Idiho,
Colorado, ind Oregon. sjKuUr wethnd
invenlorjcs hBve been lindcRViy for
Ecveral yeiis. These inventories have
contrjbulcd directly to the prDtcctioii of
wctlind^ in thc^c Milc^ Forc\am[iLc, m
Idaho, I he Forc*il Scrvu-c Bureau of
Land Management, and f^BtuiaL
Rcso u rcc^ Con^>crvi1 ion Service have
u-^ed the invenlorv re'>ult:£ 1o ^Iralcgicilly
focLii protet"lLon efforl"^ on highquiln^
^etlflnds identified by the inventory,
ihrough mlun] Brc4 dcsignBtion or
jnclu!iJon in the ^'etlind Reserve
Program. The emphi-^tsof the-^e
jnveiilorie'> is on pfolectjng 4iid restoring
exi:£lLng ^etlends, rather than ereBt]ng
new wetlind^ Although ^etlind
creBtJon is Hometjme^ b neees^aiy
nuUgalLon prietjce, "itudie^ ofereBted
wetl4nd'> reveal lhe nuxed :£ucee'>^ that
^uch projeclsi have had 41 rrealing
funcliouing welLand |e g. MLt'>rh et bI
lyySl Prelecting existing welLand*i hB-^
lhc grealest chBneeof con-^ervjng
wetland funclkms. mJ wellind
rcsto FB tin n c B n be aeos1 eflcclive wiy of
proteetmg welLands |e g restoring
hydiologieBlly Bite red sile^.)
Through CO n:£ull at ion wjih the Wei land
CoLincil, MTNHP idemified several
'>ubdrBinBgesorihe Flathead Rjver
^4lep>hed is ihe^tudv arrB for thb
wetland jnvenlor^ (Figure lf_ The
Flal head su p[y^ riE oneof thegreatc?i1 ind
mos1 diveise CO neeni ral lo n^ of wellinds
ju the Rocky Mouulairei. including
pcalland^ o\bow [y^nds. springs and
^eepffi- eo mplexe'> of po tho le [xsnds,
vernaL pLiob>, Bnd beaver |X3nds Like
other arei^of lhe arid ^'e^t the
import anee of wetlands jn lhe Flalhead
f4rexceed'> lheir reUlively small bfcb
Ibllowjng BtlribLite?i hvelrophvtjc
vcgetBtion, hydric soik, and welland
hydnslogv This definition includeii
riparian ireas, wel meadows, and vernal
fools-
We use ^>everal welLand leims in ihis
report thit can be interpreted in more
than one wty, so follox^'jng are Home
deFimtJon^ 1o eUnfy lhe meaning of
these lernb Marsbesarr "seasonally lo
[^rnnnemlv Hooded wetlands
dominated by emergent herbaceous
vegelalion M arshes generally fo rm on
mineral soil, bu1 some [^^1 aecumulatjon
canocenr because of the tremendous
produclivit^ ormap>h vegeHlion In
eonlr4'>t pea llaods are wetlaiid'> ihat
accumulate peit, or padiall^
decomposed plant matler All lhe
peal lands in h^onlana are fens, whose
wjter source l'> predominantly
giDundwaler, i^oppLised to bo^ whose
witer source l^ predominantly
precjpjl al lo n Peatland-s dominated by
shrubs are known ^^ carrs and c^tt^ are
aometime-s besi developed jn lhc la PP. or
moal-like ring "^ometimeji found the
outer maiginoF the peilUnd. A wel land
dominated by tree?i is known is a
sii^amp Sed]!e meadows occur in
shallow basins and have limited peal
development because they u-^u ally dry
down for part of the gnsw jng sci^o n, in
Monlani. they are Frequently domjniled
by slender sedge {Ctirex !£^^t^M.arp£^]^
which IS ab^o common in lens The
tf:nn-> slope, riverine depr^^onal. and
la<:iHrllie frlni^e Vretlands are all used
as defined by Smjlhel il. (I995f-
ClARJFICAmPi OF TERMS
Thcsiles whieh were examjneel in thi^i
inventory fall within the definilionof
wetUnd^ used b^ Cowaidjn el i\. f 19791
because thc^ all hid at least one of the
Figure 1 . Drair>ageG in which 1 998 wetland inventory was performed^
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L_l NWI -dlghrrnd quEida
MTNMP.Mfl/17. 1999
STUDY AREft
The study irca ]^ bratcd in northvr'cst
h^onlana jn ihrcc draLnagc'>of ibic
Flalhcid River x^-atcrshcd: the Sx^-an
RivcT dri I n B|c, SuLLx^'atcrRj^cr
drainage, and Flathead LbIzc iFigLirc 1)
TbiCTicdrijnigc^ corrc^pand lo 4 Code
U-S-GS Hydrologie UmtsfHUC^s
17010211, 17010210- aiKl LTO LOZOS,
rcspcci L\cLy)_ The toul BerrBgc of ihi-^
Brea is 1 7 nullion Bcre^.
The study ire a i^ withjn lhc FLalhcid
Villcy IM333B) and Northern Rorkje-:
(M333C| eeci rrg lo n B L seicl LO n-^ fNes^>cret
al 1997) Thclowerdcvilionsm the
ElLidy arcB ar^ pmdoniJiiiul Ly Tor have
the pDtenliaL to bc| forested ^Jlh
ecmifcni. wilh pQidcrosa pine Bnd
Douglas EJrdominanI in drier areB^ and
grand fir *ipruee, Bnd ^eislem redeedir
dominant in more me'>ic Brcis Dougla*^
fir we'>lcni linzh. and '>iibalpme Fir ire
dominant at mid-elevBtJon^, and
whilcbark pme and '>iib4lpme Fir ire
dominant al higher elcvaliorei (Sirueek
BndBachun>ki L995f-
The pBrent materials in the Mud^ arua
Bre predoinju B n1 Iv ^edimenlar^ rocks of
lhe Beh fbnnilion Ma^Drrock lypcs tre
BrgiLLite. quartz I te, and siltJie, ^Jlh
lociljzed BreB-^ of limeiitone The laigc
lo\^' elevitjon vbLIov^ ^^ ere scoured by
several advance'^ of conlincntBlgLacicis
during the Flewloccne, Bnd higher
monntBin^ were acted on by alpine
glBeien> Sinee lhe retreat of the
glaciers. vaLLev boUoms have been
'>ubiected to alluvial proce5'>e'> Man^
lBke'> ind ^etl4nd'>oecurongLaciaLLy
jnfliicnced hndforms like ketllc [^nds_
ont^iEh plijns, ind foolhills morijne^
lAlt and HyndmBn 1986).
The cliniBte of the !itudy area is strongly
influenced by Pacific marjiimc weilhcr
B^3lcm^ ^'jnlers ire cool, cloudy, Bnd
wc1_ On ivcrBge, mi>^t precjpul al lo n
during a ycBr fait helween Seplembcr
and February, bul June is usually the
wellest '>ingle nH>ulh Kalispcll Bveriges
42cm (I6_4 mcheji) of precipjUlkm pci
ycBr, Bnd has an ivcragc yearly
temperature of 5 SV (42 4*^F|; the
hjghe:£l nwuulajn rjdge?i nearby average
about ?56cm llOO jnchcs) of
precjpjl a1 lo n Summers Bre warm Bnd
dry wilheool mghl^i fWOAA 1993,
SirucekindBiehur^iki 19951
STATUS OF PiA TiOPiA L WETLAND
INVENTORY IPJ STVDY AREA
Large seile HnBl NWl mBps hBve been
complded for allof ihecguidis m lhe
slndy arcB. ind djgjiired MWl ma|is
exL^t for a portion of lhe qnad^ ^Figure
n ^'c ^umjrmixed ^ctliud becb for
diffcrent classe-^ of wcthnd^ for the
digniied qiiid^ iFignre 2A-Cf_
A majority of 1 he "^d lands in the study
arcB for w h ic h d ig itjzed qu Bd:£ Bre
avajlBblefBllinlo Co\^-ardin s 119791
iBcuslnne '>v^1cni, primarily beciui^e
Flalheid Lake ie jn lhe '>tudv beci
(Figun: 2B) If the deepwalerhibilal
(\ e. heustrine limnelicr is removed from
eoreijderalion and one lookii Bt lhe
percentage of diffe rem Cowaidin
^etUnd classes jn lhe '>tudy becb, eE m
oleir thit lhe dominBnt wdland class ]">
emeigcn! welland!i iFigurr ?C) The
aqnalic bed ela'>^ make'> up b
surprisingly large [y^rlionof lhe welland
classes |20 5^1, with Hcrub-^hrnb and
lb rested cIb^'^cs comprj'>ing smaller
pcrtJDDS □ f the wethnd acreage
Wflland
13 5*t
UrccnBdic^td
C-
LTrEcnsdii^led
Bollofn
23 1"%.
Scrub- Sf¥ub
9 4^
Blreainbed
0_2<t
20 5^
39 Wb
F^uie2 A Perrenla^ cf L4>^rxJ and wetlarxJ F rum dgii^bd NVUI it^k in si LxJy area. B
Pem^nlB^of dffer^m CDV.Qrdin we1 ^nd sy^eme Fiom digir^HJ N Wl m^>s in si udy ar^a. C
Pem^nlB^of dffer^m Cov^rdin v/el land c ^zses {exc luding ct^pwaler c^ss^] f rom d^ilized
NWI nrapa in study:
Service, Monlana DcpBrtmcnt of Fiih,
Wildlife- ind Pflrki- MontBna
Dcpirtmcn! of Natural Rcsouirc^ End
CDnEErvHtion, Confcdcralcd S4lj'>h ind
Kcotcnflt Tribes, Riparian End WcUand
Research Fiugrani-FlBthcBd Like
BjologLCil SlalLon, The Wflturc
Cd nse r\ anc y . ceo bgic aL co il'>uIi ant*^,
and mcmbcn> of I he Montana N alive
Fl*nl Sorjctv ^'c aikcd them to
idcntifv x^'cllands they considered
ecologically EJgnjficBnt based on the
following erilcrjBi sites ^Jlhout major
hydrologie orgcomorphic modifications
M_ETH_Q_DS
WETLANDS FCR IWEi^TORY
Several houflcs of inFoimation were
eoreiultcd to Ldcnlify wcllands for
pctentJBl Lneliision in I he wclland
invcnlor^ We f]p>l conlactcd
mdjvjduals \^'ilh loeal knox^'ledgc of
wctUnd rejiOLirces This lisl of public
and private seclorgrou[^ included U S
Forest Scrviec. U-S. Fish and Wjldhfc
Service, Natural Rc;&ouTce CoRberv al lo n
^ilcs wjih LntBct- rcproic nti tivc mtivc
plant Lo nununil Lcs^ SLtc?i w]th
CO IK. r n1 m ki ns o r rare plant or inimjl
^pccici^ b,\\€it within E:£lablb>bicd graz]ng
cxc Losu res. o r ^Ltc£ wilh OLit'>landLng
vhLlic b^ wjJdlifc habital Wc 4L>o
jidcntjflcd pDlcnlLi] silcs by LCUipccUng
lhc FLalhcad Nalional Forr'>l map^
Nitioml WclLand Invcnlor^ niap^^ ind
U.S.G S quod ma|v>
Aboul LOO sLtc^ ^crc idcnlifjcd through
lhii process. End they ire Ittcd in
Appendix A Wc prionlLzcd the silcs
usjng lhc fo LLo w ing gujdc Lines:
• Emphasize larger x^'ctlBnd'^ over
'>m4llcr wcll4iid'>
• Emph^izcsilcs wjlhoul gcomorphic
And h^dro logic modification
• Emphasize -^Jlc^ with jnlact nBtJve
plant Lommunilics. bo I h in the
wetland and in the nplind'i
Aurroundjng lhc wclLand
• Emphasize sjle^ with known
CO nceni ral lo ns ot rare plBnts and
AntmiJs
Acnal photos frDm the Flalticid NBtionBl
Forc-^l, feedback fn>m the lociUy
k no w ledge abLc indivjduab>. ind existing
^eUand reports were icicd to aid the
^eleclion pnjccsi The above gujdeLines
were de-^jgned to be flcxibLe Bnd no!
Bb:£olute^sinee the isignifie ince of 1 he
wetland depends in pari on il*^ iBud'^Bpe
context. For example a valley bo I torn
wetland which i*^ '>urroiinded by Unds
used for agrjcuLtnre ind which has some
jrrigalion withdrBWBLs and exolic '>peeLes
mjghl neverthelew> be eonsidered a
pnorily for inventory if it Mill his jnlact
nBtJve pLant co mmu nj1 ie^. If lhe siine
welland were loealedon ^tBte foreM
iBnds Bnd surrounded by intBCI upland
forcTit comninnitje^ it nnghl nol have
been 4 high pricnly for invenlorv if it
had the same irrigation wilhdr4W4b> Bnd
exotjc specie'> no led iboYU.
.VIdilional we1 lands lb r jnvenio ry were
identified during the course c f FieLd wo rk.
Some wetlands thai merjied invenlory
were not field-visiled beeiuse sufficjent
inform Bt ion from previous Fieldwork
wjs Bireidy stored in MTNHP Hies,
several pcatlBnd^ ind U.S Forest
Service Reseaich NBturaL .^reis fell jnio
this ealegory. Sixty-lhree ^etUnds were
invenlorjed during lhe I99B fjeld season
DATACOLtlCmPi
Wetlands w e re su rveyed dunng The
summer of L^9£ fo]k>wing '>tandard
methodology to bs>c^ sjle condition,
ealalog ecmmunily 1>fcs. and doeumeni
rare plant and animal occurrences
(Boii^eron et aL 1992) Si^ccjficilly, we
aCtempled lo walk ihrongh alL wethnd
plant eommunjlie^ it Bny given sj1e.
excepi where prevented by deep WBter
The dominant '>pecies ineichslrituni
and ocuIbt e'>tiniBte'^ of 1 heir c ano pv
coverige were no1ed, bs was in eslimBte
of the acreage ofeach community. We
clarified CBch wdUnd pLanI community
u-^ing Han-^cn et bL (1995) Bnd noted the
ccndilian ofeach eommnnjlv- including:
presence of exolie species, evidence of
hummocking or pugging, prr^enceof
dnches, dikcji. riprap, Bnd other
geomorphjc ind hydrologio
mod ifjc at lo n-^, presence ofoLd giowlh
conditions jn Ibrrsis depi h o f s1 ending
witer, ind beaver adivity. A bUnk field
da[a Idnn i^ included jn Appendix B
For plant eommunilies not previously
described or whjch are uncommon,
detailed eommunily plol informatKnn
wftsgnhen^d.
A[ each ^ite the hydnsgeomorphjc
fHGMl cIbss and ^nbcUss (Smith et al.
1995) were noted, as were the CowBrdin
H^tem^ubs^tem,clBWsul>class, and
hydro logir regime rCowardinci al.
1979) Wc Bl-m mfldc nolcs aboul off^itc
Iflndu^c^ ind ^pjkc to landox^-ncni/
niBna^cp> ibout lenduEC hislory when
j»sj>ibLc_ A cui^ory rBrc plfln! ^urvt^
W4H CO nduc ted diiring our walk-lhrough
of each ^dland.
Fiunil survcw> were condiictcd for
^clcHcd wclLandi These survcw>
fQcuw>cd on anim al giT>ijp« lhal arr
ceo logics I ly Jinportont m wctlBnd:^^ bul
jhco nspjc uo us and no I well doc u nicntcd.
Thii work included surveys for
Bm^ihibians ind sublIs as well bs for
carBbid bcelles, b family o f prrd aceo us
beclLcs thBt includes a diversity af
wctlBnd/rjpBrian specialists-
Although no wetlBnd dclincBtJon^ or
foimal VrTlUnd functJonBl isscssments
were performed as part of this projecl,
MTNHP's welLand inventory was
informed by two regioml KGM models
being developed b y rcjioarc hers al the
Flalheid Lake Biologjcal Station fHaner
etBl 1999, Hauer 199 B) For instBnce,
Bt some sites 1 he depi h o f two soil
hoiij^ib, the O horizon ind A horizon,
W4S measured m some plinl
CO mmunil les This varjBble is nicBsured
m lhe jnlennonlane pothole HGM
model, ind i1 represents lhe Long-lenn
slore of nulrienls m lhe soil and icts is
an index of lhe ch^raeleristjc
decomposer CO mm uni1v in the wetland
iHiuerelil 19991 A\erylhickA
homon, foreximple.cBn mein Bn
excessive ami>un1 of upland erosjon is
tdkmg pi Bee Thih andolher noildm
Isee field form. Appendix Bl was
gathered lor so me we1 Lands
About one- fourth of 1 he sites werr on
pnvBte Land LBndowners were
contBcled for permission to gain iceessi
to their piopcrty prkir 1o site vjsits
Useisof ihis weUand inventory report
shoiiLd note thai they, too, need lo gel
permission before entering privale lands.
We created four types of dilabise
records for the datB we gathered:
communjlv plol records, community
occurrence records die records, Bnd
eommnnjU abiitracts We tUnd plant
community plot informBtion (c g spccjcs
compjsition Bnd cover dBtBl wbs entered
inio EC ADS, admbise deveLopcd by
the U_S Forrst Service for managing
emlogicaldiH CJenseneHl I99J1 We
ereiled 4 wethnd pLanI communjiv
occurrence record for eich community it
each sile_ Communjiv occurrence
informBtJon |eg_ HGM cLass, Cowardin
cLass^ubcLass-domjninl species.
h^-drology, iBndscape selling) was
entered jn lhe Bjological and
ConservBtion Dal a Svslem (BCD), ■
datBbasedevelo[^ by The Nilure
Conservanev and used by Herilage
Programs across the country. SummiTy
information Bbont each sile is b whole
(eg. general site deseriplions, on- and
of&>ite hnduses, management needs!
WIS ilso enlerrd inio lhe appfopriBte
modiiLe jn BCD. DetaiLed eommunily
ahslracts were crealed which
characterize bolh common and rare
wethnd plant eommnnilies InfonnBlion
aboiil communjly range, typical
landscape selling, l^picil species
compositjon, and succession a I and
minagemcnt information was
synthesized from j \ a rie1 y o f so nrces
and Ls being slorcd lemporariLy in a wcid
processing template, for Uler uploading
inlo a new BCD module being
deveLopcd The boundaries of each
wetUnd site were dignizcd and stored is
[y^Lygons ]n a CIS Laver.
RAmNG OF COmUNiTJES AND SITES
Flam community raiity was ranked using
the same protocol I hat w is de vc b [v:d by
The Nalnre Conservancy for ranking
plant and injmal spccjcs The ranking
s^slem IS intended 1o aLLcw managers to
identify elcmenis at risk and determine
mBnagcmcnt End conscrvilion prioriELCS-
ComniLiiiLty ranki arc hflscd pn manly on
lhc 1olal niinibcrof occLirrcnccE End arcB
occupied by the communjl^ cilbicr
rangcwidc fib r global orG ranks) or
'>latc^jdE Ifor'itatcor S ranks).
SccondirjJy^ 1 rends incondjlion^ ihrciTs.
End fragility CO ntrjbulc 1o ranks ^hcn
ihis infonnBtJon is kno'^n The rBcilz'^ Brc
'>rBLcd from I to 5, with G L ind telling
lh4l lhc communily i*^ cntidUy
J m pen led rangcwidc, ind b G5
jndjcaling no risk of c n1 inci lc n.
Guidelines used lo B:£'>ign community
ranks arc included in Appcndn C
A Ibt of wc[]and and npariin plani
communities Ibund m the slndv area was
Bs^embled based on Held dala gBthercd
for this inventory and ringe comments
found in PrKtcret al ll977) HBn^n ct
bL (199^1, BndSinicck and Bichnrski
{1995l_ FrcLiminarv gbbil and stBte
communitv rBnlz"^ ^ereoblajned from
lhe Wc5i tern RcgjonBl Office of The
Nature Conservancy This list of
communnie^ wilh prcliminBrv rinks wis
^enl to a pinel ofexpcrts ^ith bioBd
knowledge of welland plBiit
ccmmnnitjc^ '>lalewide, "^ho fnrlher
refined the ranks The^e rBnks Brc nol
'>lalic bul will change bs moic
communily informal ion is collected Fiom
Bcioui lbiest4le.
Eich individual wetland communitv
occunmec wa^ also ranked in1o one of
four c alego rie^ (A, B_C_orDl using b
protocol developed by The Nalnre
Conserv'Bncy |The Nilurr Con-^crvanev
lyySl Communily "^iic, CO nd I txjn, and
lBnd^>CBrecon1ext were used to rank
each community occnrTcncc- Each of
lhese fac1op> wascvaluilcd for each
community and assigned a rank of A to
D^ and then lhe ranks of ill lhe factoTS
were Bvcraged tor b Hnal communaty
occurrence rank Communilv
occun^nce ranks are not prc5ien1ed in
ihis report, however^ ibiev arr available
upcnreque^l Community occurrence
ranks were not explicitly used for
ranking si1e^, bu1 lhe community
occun^nce ranking fictors were
considered during the sile ranking
pnjce^>s fsce belowl_
Wetland si1e^ were ranked using
methods similar to those used to rank
wetUnd'> in Idaho ind Washinglon
(Washinglon IDepirtmeni of Ecobgy
1991-JankovskvJoncs 1997-Chadde et
al L99£r- Each wdlandsite was
evalnaledon 5 factop> (Tabfc l)_ Each
factor al eichsile was assigned a scorr
of to 3. and then all scores al a site
were summed lor a total ranging fromO
to 15_ Prc5iC nee of Fire species as well
their degree of rarity influenced the
rarity ncore; for example, presence of a
single globally ri re species was ra1ed
higher than presence of a single state
rare ^pccicji The condilion and
landscape conlexl cfall lhe community
occun~ences al a site was considered
when assigning the condition and
uplands ^>cores_ respectively The scores
of ah the sues were then arranged fiom
highest to lowesi, and 1 he distnbulionof
scoi^es was divided into qnarliLes Each
of these quart lies dcEined a category cF
sile quality o r s ig nific a nc e. The four
calegoncs are described below.
\stAB T Uetinifan&and drjcria tor ranVing £lCciaccwdinglodftgr*fto'*co'dgical sis-iilcantt j
CRtTEPIA
DthlHISlON
(MD3GATOR3
RANKhNG SCORES
Richness
Hsitiilal djvef 5ily wilhm
> A££«mblaQ6 ol numan^us
pisnl communities wilhin
Birgl^ unit of Cow^rdri'?
ClE3:&biriLrci'j4jn
• A$$efrtiiafle gf ptant
ccmmunibes of ecological
features (e.g. Desv^r
ponds, pcattaruls. lakos)
within sevef^f unte of
Coward m's clat&incalkirh
(-high structural j
ditfBfSity]
3 Site haB h^ti dNsr^Hy at vegetalion types C4~ weltarK] features.
2 SiLo has a modorala diversity of veyalatiDn types or weiland
, features
1 . &te ha6 Hjw diversity of vefletelion types or weHarKl features.
r
Reirty
1
PrBsence of sEale rar?
plant ccrnmumt/, planl
DT ^r^imal gp6Ci«g. and
*^^e of ranty
1
• H*gli concentrallon of
slate rBr€ pIsrE or anHnsl
speoes
* Praserh^ ol globally rare
speaes or comrr unities
3 Site rh^a hl^CDnCAntrationDtraraspactesorGDmmL^ntljes.
2. Site ties moderate concenfradon of rare species or commumtjes
1 SIto Fb^s Ic^ ooncantratlon ol rar« fipdf^^ or cccnmunhios
Srte ties ne r^re species or communities
s >
>
Conditicn
Extent [Q jri~iich srta
ccnditKtTia (a g.
pracefins,
communtties} depart
from rang? of neiural
variation
Pra^EnDG of on-^it^ impacts
(eg. exotics. grazing, roads,
ditchmg, imgstgn wrttiEti?^^!,
Kecreatisnal use. timber
hsfVMt)
S Site in exDallent Donditior; human impacts atKent nr mETimal-
?. Site In good condftfon; some Impacts apparent
1 Site in pixN" condition, mgny impacBs present
"S&i
^V«aL K<tent oT vrtlland
Acreage
3. Site Ls large (:'4y acres}
2. Site fs moderalety large (£40 acres)
1 Site IS sm^li 1^1? acre^)
Sita 15 very small (<S acres]
Upl^d$
Larvjuea In surrcHjndmg
uplands
Pres^ce oT oFT-sltfr mpacts
(e^ Umber harvest. roBds,
IHI1H&. non-nativA
VMelallon)
^ Site wft^ minimal oTf-sfle impacts
2. Site wtti modfrata level of of-flDa hpacts.
1 Sltfti.iAhhlghlwilofofr«Mlmpact$.
OVTSTAUDSHG StGMftCAfiCE
Silcs in this ci! ego ry rc[irc^>cnt the most
ccologicallv significant wclLands in iKc
survey irca_ These wclLands arc large
and composed of a djvciyc arriv of plfln!
communLtics and o1 her Jinpo rt ant
^dland features '>Lich is pcallancb,
bcavcrponds- and springs, which
provide B divcisLty of hibjials for
wildljfc- These are pristine sites which
ivptcfllly provide hflbitBt for
CO IK. cnl ral lo ns of St B tc rare pJBnl ind
Bnimal species The welLand jJtnt
communities al these sj1e'> ire generally
jn exeellen! condition There are
minimBL i n1 hropc genie influences At
lhese sites, so lhe weUand Functjons ire
largely inliet and most hkelv fall wilhin
lhe range ofnBtural viriBtion FinBlLy,
lhe uplBnds '>iirioiJiidjng lbiesesite'> lend
1o be Fairlv intaci, ihiis maintaining the
files' hydiDlogic regime. Impacts to
lhe'>e '>itcs arr not fullv miligable. and
Bnv B Iterations 1d '>iich sites couki IcBd to
^ignifieint degradation
VERYHHillSKiflSffCAHCE
Wetlands in this ci lego r^ are generally
composed of diverse , high quality plBnt
communilies. but they Bre d isl ing nished
fiom the previous e alegory of wel Lancb
by having 4 larger degree of
Bnthropogenie dbiturbmceejlheron- or
ofF-^ite (e g fciggjng jn lhe uplBnds near
lhe "lite, grazing on b pnrHonoF the site^
etc 1 The y m By snppD r1 conce ntritions
of si ale TBre pliiil or animal spccie'>, Bnd
lhev tend lo be hrge Most of lhe
wetUnd plant eommunitie?i al these s]tes
Bre m exeellen! condition, but a lew may
hBv-e some moderile impBCIs
Impmvemem in rrsouiee mBnagement mX
lhebe ^iles. such a'> changing grazjng
mBnagemem plBn^or reducing trapping
pressure on beaver, x^'ould improve lbie
D verill suiie of wetland fLincitons at thb
tvr^of site and could pu1 I hem on ■
trajectory to become Bn OulsHnding
sigujficance site
High significance sites lend I0 hBve 4
lDwerdivep>ily of typebof welLand plBn1
communjiies ihaneilherof the two
previo us ei1 ego nes. ill ho ugh I hey si ill
tend 10 be large. These site'> miy
support popul B tions o r rarr plants and
animals, bul ibiev usuallv have fex^'er
diffcrcnt species ihan x^-ellands in the
two pfTvious cilegoncs. The degree of
anthiopogenic disturb B nee 41 ihese sj1es
tend^ to be Sim il Br to that jn lhe pfrvjous
c alegory. Most of lhe well Bnd plant
eommunitie?i at these sj1es ire in
exeelleni condition, but a few mav hive
some moderBte impacls BecBuse the
plant communities at these tvpes of sites
tend 10 be Less diverse, these siles ma^
be the mos1 ippropriale models for
welland rrslorilion projects, ihey
provide good eximples of lhe
djElnbutJon and com[y^silion of common
nBtJve wetlBnd communjiies, Bnd they
could dko ikCrve as seed sources lor plant
niAleriai.
MODEMIiSGWftCAfiCE
These sites arr sjmiUr lo High
signiFicince sites becBusc theydo not
hB\e 4 very diverse irrav of
communities and I hey harbor few rare
species However, iheiic sj1es are
generBlly jn poorer eondji ion ihan High
signiricince siles, tor inslance, lhe^ have
morr communjiies influenced by erotics
(e.g rrcd e iniiygriss o r rrdlo pi or with
simple structure (e g ciUail
monoculluresi Although ihese sjte^
tend 10 hive lhegrcate?i1 level of current
or hislorjc on- ind oftite impacls, their
iBfge size stjil mikes them good habitBt
lor waterfowl And some types of
10
^j]iJ]jfc Dc'>pilc liBviiig been impacted
to ^>omc i:lcf.rrc_ thc^c ftctlind^*itill
provide jmportinl wclLand fLinctions
bc^jdc^ wildlife habilal^ ^uch fl^
modcril ki n of jTcak Flows or removal of
compLiunds and portico] Btc^ AdjBccnl
or nearby wclLand^ thil hive been
degraded arc good cindidilcs for
mjlLgalLonMlc'>^ bs lhcir rc:£lorBtioii
^oold Bdd to lhc lotaL^ctlind icrcigc at
the "iLtC.
TAXOmWCCChSiDERATiChS
Wcgcncrilly u^cd Hjichcockcl al_
f 19691 lo jdcmiFy plBnt species in the
Hludy Brci However, jn keeping with
The N al u re Conscrvi ncv\ Nal tonal
Vegetation CLas!ijfk:BtJon fAndci^on ct
aL I99B)_ we followed the synonymy
pre*ientcd by Kancsz ll994f_ There
were two esceptjon^ to this usige: for
B^'^it^A gtairdiff^j^ia^ we uiicd FLor* of
North Americi I L99T1, which pfovjdes b
more rrcent IrrBtmenI of the genuH
BefitfiA.
A common well and sedge . usually
referred lo 4h bciked *iedge, was
erioneoiislv called C^frcx to^frala in
previous ^ludieii In this repsrl, rhe
spceic^ b> named CVjJd^x ifSfrc'AiiaSa
|Grjffitb> 1989) AL>o, FdVd^sp
(sprucel b> used to ineLndc Ft^ea
en^ehfrannir^ Picen gfauci^^ knd hybrids
PBubenmirc 1974).
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
comuNmES
Welland 4iid riparian pLanl communities
found m the slndv area 4 re dispLavcd m
Table 2 Allhough wc followed the
c [a^ ifjc al lo n de\e Lo pcd by Hin^en et al.
(19951- we spin into separile plBnl
associalions ^>ome communiticji whjeh
H4n'>cn et a1. (L995r lumped inlo one
eommunily type foi minBgcmenl
pur[y3ses For in^tanec, we split the
Ctirex rr^vTn'jrtr hibj1a1 lypc [Hansen et
aL L995r jnto three phm a'>soci4lion±]
Carejc iitt kiitat£A^ Cutex ve^k:ariij^ and
Ccrrfj rt/fr^'rv^J^r Herbaceo lis VegetBtxjn,
and we split lhc Be^iffa
g^^^ Jjj^^jiuj/Ccjj ^x r^^trtii£A habitat t^pc
m1o lhrce plant as'>oc i al lo ns as well.
Be7it!£A ^airditf^^^xr^Careji uf^lcufi^fa^
BeUt^A fffffir Jw'^Awr/Crt n7_i ^n^fckfi and
ShnjbUiid'>. Lumped plBut Bs^ociations
werespljl ou! forgrealerclBrity in
dcTicnbing vegelation al ciehsjie Plot
datade'>cribjng ibiese pimt liiSocjAtioiiik
li. on file alMTNHP.
Our Treatment of commnnitjes no1
dcseribcd b> Hansen el aL 1 1995)
depended on whether they had been
prev lo u^Ly dese nbed eLsewherc. For
eommunities thil Bre described in
ano I her cl Bs^iFie A1 Kn n leg. Thuja
y!iL{ft£AfL\^ichrffjn cr?Fr^jiLtfjrcr^"|Kunzc
1994-Utzigel il- 19B6])- we entered
eommunilv information into EC ADS
and BCD and added the phnt BssocjBtJon
to the li'>t in Tdble 2 Undeseribed
eo mmunil les whjcK we r^[^4tedly
eneountered 1e g Bi.'iit!a
fi^^rt Jjj Jj'jAd/Ctjj d'x Citric UFi were 1 rented
in the SBmc manner FinaLLy for
undeseribed commiJiiJlie'> which we
eneounlertd onLy rBrel^, we ire
maintaining 4 running list oFdomjnanee
types Community pki1 dila '>iipponing
aLL CO mm unities not described by
Hin^netBl (1995) is on file at
MTNHP
11
T^1b2 Wetland pbm «] mm un'rtea and Iheir con^rvalbn lanka For Fbtheed wetlancb arran^dby
Cowardin ByElem cIb^ andsiiicla^
ScemFL Name
Common Name
FlariL
PALUSTRINE FORESTED COMMUNITIES NEEDLE-LEAVED EVERGnEEN
F^oj 911 BqLi»JuiT7 jrwnu
F^oj 911 Bi^rrr JriThzif^rr?
Pcc^ 911 Ly?tUijiT7 jrTT0rhr^iL^T7
riYuj J pit JJ J ^AHIiJrUA' hor^ffuiT?
Gia-Kj hi ad^ km
StM>:4i4rE IrBlLKjD^nl r^tdcrau
3dEVr>= 1r>L^±r:>:hx ^o
3t±4)kK Ir1>tvll^ dLJ>
3t±4)<rv Ir CI:qi4E^1 hl5^ d sUk
SpnuE SLE^nl n tdcr^ss
S|vu:e etadl^
Spnxt'Rtd cclcr d^giMKKJ
SpnEE f K U hixsftri
Sprixt 3;Ht<l5CEnhdbtdtfrow
SpvuiE ShLnhczfitair
WE^^m r^dii^cbr Lad^larn
WE^^m r^dii^cbr Oz^ltrn
WE^ttm r«d«[±v BhLs#:cAbqr
PALUSTRINE R>RESTED COMMUNITIES BROAD- LEAVED DECIDUOUS
FopotM^ tu.'£j.T?i'A».^j 55P Jrc^rjru J B^TTrpthnr^jipc] s jCuj x
r^JAJLi^fj0.71LiJ:i|3»£'^/TT7piYCirCdipi>X J£KI2
SOCh «]1kHT#l>3li1=lEd iiKJtr cfc^^oixl
aKh cGlkirT^ixkd htrtoctimE
aocK colt>nh\'ood Kc^nl dlusid bar
aocK con:nh\'Gi>l CfHnrmn »ic^;Ht-:rTy
Qu^rq asptri Co(nrni>n BUAbtny
PALUSTRINE SCRUB-SHRUE COMMUNITIES HROAD-LEAVED DECIDUOUS
2C^^ fT^iTI^Jli^J HT^iVA* CLi^itkil
2C^^ fr^iTtfLiJli^J Hr^rfA* LT5i>rJ.7M
f^^CA'jn^ Barren
UDLm^Bi AlEr
SitioAkr
Bog UniK-'CLClch'x xtdir
Bog Urdu's It r>:^r 5tdff=
Boa UrclrErzAtd »il3t
Red o»<r [fciir//ood
j^^Hrc lirti Hctn's Rochy UoLnUnx^fb
J4:^r-I< ovtd buihticrn
Btl:t]~5 ^ilk^
DfunrmrKTx ;HlhH\
DrunrmrKf^ /Hllktw BiLKjoJnl r^Edcrost
Drunrni>-Kf^ aIIIu/h Btdi^d keW
3 DTdMT Alllc^/H ^aiTEn
SDTdKT Allien Mrxlc v^BiJm^d
PALUSTRINE EMERGENT COMMUNITIES PERSISTENT
j^rcitf>^ tfci.br7Li0M RtdlDp
L^E ^UKrTTTIE SVHWtl tfilfnE
G4S4
G3&£
Q4-T&3
a4S4
G2££
G3&J
G40S2
G3&3
□ IGSJ
G767
G767
G4S4
G>^S
GSS&
G765
G4S4
Q4-T&4
G4«3
GX34B3
GS£&
GSS&
GSS&
GS£B
GS&E
GB3E
12
C^swv JtfTwmSat
C^swv ijtJtijl]^
□ 0XCttJ7V7XLT C« pldU
□L/EttPbrn jrunv^JiivL^Ti
EhXkciY^/ix p jAj sJriF
EhXKi^/ix mi^^LiiM
EqL^JXCJljiT7 fXJViMlfti
GJycora hOTVJXt
JiVKWI iJjXJCL X
Fd J p jIj xJriF
Rh jLrrJ^ jrcirururc J0
CdLMiUaxEftK
Watr xtdir
BiKbDun s s^ilar
SItrdtr ::Ddff:
Mud^tdv=
McbraxK:] s<il3t
Hdrn's Rochy MixnUn 5«:
hl^fed stdir
Tuttod hciJrirsix
DUIcnun
Ci>nrni>n sp^hcrLnti
Btz^it d 5|:4.«rLEh
WatrrnrxcUl
Miirtitrn nana^^ix^
FdiUI tCKlcy
K«nh>:hy Ulkctsx
Re< d c :rarvv:xi%
H3ds (tm t4rinEh
G4S=34
Mo^t cmcigcn! ind ncrub-shrub
c^ mmunct ics m the sludv ^rca 4 re
rclilivclv common and widespread- For
m'>l [incc . so mc conununjly typc:£^ like
caltBil (T\^ha ia7rf\'}ffa}^ hanttcm
bulru-^h (Sch^it^ acittiis). rccd
caimj'grB"^ {Phtrfarh ^m^iilfracei^) *rc
c\trcmclv common in I he viUcy botlom,
and mav in fac1 be pro po rtjo n b Lly more
eommon ihan before "^hite setllePi
sladed popnLalmg the vBlley CaltaiF g
known 1o jncreasc jn BbirndBntc jn lhc
prcjiencc of Lncrci-^ed nutrjen1*i_
e^irccjBlly njlro|cn iNeiU 19901, Bnd
rapid incrcaM:sornLitrient'> ire po'^ible
wilh ferlilizer rLin-oFf and inpiiK of
seplir cffliicnt to wBtcr bodici The
tendency of reed canarygrass 1o spcTBd
aggressively conld be relalcd 1o the
nBtJvc orcxolir origin of this s[x:cjes
MerigLiano and Lesica (1998)
hypDlbic?iize ihal both native Bnd exolie
genotypes of reed cinBrygrass e\is1 jn
thcstBte. wjih the esotjc genotypes
being rcspDnsible for lhc dense
mo nocull u res o F I h Ls grBS^ Idund in some
wetlands
Olher lypcs of native wetland
ecmmunilies are less common and hive
pro b ably decreased jn Bcreage in the last
150 veBFS Wei meadow ecmmunilies ]n
villey botloms arr one such lypc At
many "^Jles jn VBlley boltonis,
temporanlv Hooded wet meadows have
been converted from nalive griss
eommunities Teg. luFted haiigrBss
(D^hiVrtf ^Fr^j_^ ^ ^e^xiifj^i) and blncjoint
reedgriss (Cafain^f^ro'^h canade^jsis))
to eommuniliesdcminaled by exotjcs
like redtop 1.4^ rc^vT jt '^fxitxfrrjeia} Bnd
Kenliicky blnegrass (F{?a ftrtiiensis)
13
ALthoLigh mlart mlivc wcl mcBdow
communjlic^ etc "^IlLI rc Lai Lvcly cd mmo n
at higher clcvBtJons, vflllcy bntlom wet
mcodov/Ti thil have been convened lo
exotica Bfc qujlc common ind rcprcscnl
a rcitoralLonrhiUcngc
Anolhcr lypc of wctland/npEnan
commiinLty ihat haii dcrrcascd m icrcBgc
m lhc ]bs1 I5U ycBFTi is ^cll dcvclo[vd
vbUcv boHomrotlonx^'ood rjpBnan forest
tvrcs(MilschandGo^^cLmk L993)
Ml ny such communilics in lhc Flalhcid
hBvc been converted to agnculturBl usc^^
urban uses, and '>ubd iv lsjo nt In
addition, manv of lhc malurr
ccltonwood communLtJcs lhal remun
hBve shifted from more [nlBtBble
undcralor^ sjTccic^ (c g red-osier
dogwood) lo Ic^ paLalabLespccjc^ lc |
snowberr^l as the result of pBSI l4nduse'>
such B*i hvcslock graung rHin^>en ct bL
19951. Finally, Ruvial proccs^c^ lhal
lead to the devebpoKnt of eo I ton wood
botloms. sueh is Flooding Bnd sediment
deposition have been aflcctcd by
Hungry Horse dim and bank
slabiLiznion effbns .^'> ihe resull of
these Fadois valLev botlom cotlonwood
forests ire relatively uncomnwn.
Feathnds are i type of weUand in lhc
sludy Brei thi1 ire uncomKion bm whieh
probably have no1 deerrased mirkedly in
acrrage jn MontBnB (Chadde et al
199B) MTNHP traeks iheoccurreitc of
?S fcalland!! in the study Brei fMTNHP
1999) Severil pcalland!i in the sludy
aret were ranked using existing
info nn B tjo n . these *ij1es were no I Held
invenloried foi this projeet Penlands
are eomnion jn boreil bjome^, but
environmental CO ndj1 ions that fivor pcBt
formation are less eommon in more
somheriv lat nudes such is I he P^orthern
Roek^ Mountains For a more deta Jed
de*icriptJon of the ecology tnd
e^ reie rval lo n o r pen linds in Mont ana,
sceChBddeetil. 11998).
Somecommunjl^ ^yp^^ J" ^^ study area
appear to be jnlnnsjcally rarr For
example^ sw amp fore?i1s ^ ue h u>
spnicc/skunkcibbige {Prcea
spJLy^ich if t)fr americafiit^) or weslem
redced ar/skunk c a b bige {Thuja
p!ic{ft£^fL\siLhrUm fT?Fr^jricrFrcrrl lv pic ally
eover small icreige^ in areas with high
wi1cr tables adjaeen! lo Fens, beaver
pDnds, or at low gradient loeslo pc seeps
(Hansen elil 1995, Kun7.e 1994, Utzig
el al 1986). Although some historic
sw amp Fb resis were pfD b a biy co nverted
to scrub-shrub wel lands bv limber
harL'e*i1 Ipcrs. obs |, ihccombinition of
fictors lhal led to the developfneni of
this forcjit lypc appears uneommon at
this latnude Spruce ^wimps in
Monlani share nu merons spec les wilh
boreal foresl!i CEllk.lt-Fisk 19SS1, bui
also hive a marilime influence as
evidenced by lhe pre*ienee of skunk
cabbage, a^pecic^ morr common in low
lying ireis near lhc Pacifjc coa^t
^iieheocket al 19691. Insomc
regioni. bo re a I !iwimp fo reii ts have
declined markediv (H rnberg ct al
199 B).
Three emergent wetland communjlies
appcino be rare jn ihcsitudy arei
Columbia sedge {Cn^ex af?^FJa).
dulichjum (DitHchmm anfirdmaceiun}^
and beaked spjkerush (Etc^x'han^
rfj^eHi^fa) eommunilies Beaked
spikerush is tracked as a rare plin1 in
Monlani as well as a rare eommunilv it
Ls 1 rhizomatous species of alkaline
substntes Dulichjum is a rhjzomalous
peal land spccjes, and it is rare mos1
IiIlcIv because penlands are rare Lastly,
Columbia sedge is a rhj7.o malo us s ['ccjes
14
thil fb nn'> ro mniLinLtJC^ m ■:lcprc'^'>LD nil
bfl'^jns thflt Bfc flooded intermit tcnll^.
More info rm at lo n o n thc^c and some
common wctlBod communitjcs ih
avail flble jn Append l\ D
The following pBragrBpb> provide
general deserip^iorei o f oiafLi r ^ c tli nd
plant Lommunilies lo the Mudy irea^
organized by lhe pHLuMnnc eLa'>ses of
CowBrdinet al (I979|-
fORESTED VEGETAWH
RjpBnan ind ^ctlind forests lo the stud^
areB arr dominated by both nccdLe-
Icaved Bod broid-leaved deciduous
vcgetBtion. IslBnds Bod allovjil temccs
along mijor riven^ like the FlithcBd^ lhe
Swan^ Bnd the SuLL^Btcr arc dominaled
by s tinds o r b I ack cotlcmwood (P^^fMthi^
Ixi! sa? ff if *fr£^ ssp_ irrc'hi^a^f^^f) and spruce
(Ficea sp.)- and weslcm rcdccdir (Ttrifja
pficati^) or grand fjr (Ahle^ ^r^^^iii^)
occBsionallv domjnitc^ low elcvBtJon
tribLitaries Lo^ grBdient '>ti'eaii:[S al
higher elevations often hBve rjpBrian
forcTit c ano pie'> do mjm ted by '>Lib4lpine
fir (Abie^ !£^^r^M.atj^a)^ while higher
gradiciil streams rreqnenlLy hBvc nam^w^
[yjori^ dcvclorcd ripiriBo arrBs Poorly
drained ^itcji on the margins o f fcns,
beaver pDnds_ or loe slope seep*> arc
usuBlly domiiiBted by we1 spruce foresls.
or by bhekcotlcnx^'ood Bnd "^miller
amounl*^ of -spruce, which eventufllly
replaces CO tlonwood al such sitc^_
Fothcle lakes often have 4 nBrrow fringe
of bUck co1 to nwood. quaking aspen
(Fi^iiiiis fteiTJiiU^id^^} and/o r weste rn
redccdanhal quickly gives way to
u pi Bnd forest because of 1 he grBdient of
the slopes around these sites.
SCRUB'SHRUS VEGETAWH
Riparian Bnd wetland shinb lands in lhe
siudy arei occur iJi j^ailands, from
terrace-^ 1o lhe ictive floodplain oflow
and high gradien! streams ind rivers.
annund beaver [y^nds^ Bnd on the edge of
mBrshc^^ [y^ tholes, and lakes
Drummond's Willow (S^^iix
dniinmtjffd raffia) hi the mos1 common
willow species found in the study irea,
slands of Druniino nd 's wilkiw ire Icund
on terraces of low grBdient streams and
rivers al mid- elevations and higher and
B£] a mosaic wilh m4P>h vegetation iu weT
meadow complexes (which ot1en hBv-c
some bcBver iuRnencel. Bebb's willow
(Sa!Li behhiaira) Bnd Geyei's willow
(Sa!ic ^es-'^ritiffti) are much less common
Bs dominani fipccics. Sandbar willow
{SaHc exr^ita) slands dominate active
gravel- Bnd SBnd-bBrs MonntBin Blder
(Alirif^ irrcafia) and red-osier dogwood
(C{?T7iiis ^crk^'ti) dominale eommuuilies
ak^ng higher grBdient slrcBms^ Bnd bolh
mount Bin akier and ilder leaved-
buckthom {Rh^frnfrif^iAiniff^k^) form
ccmmunilieson lhe fringes of feus ind
iBkes Bog birch (Echiitr ^hmdith^^t^ij is
a common shrub eomniuuily on
peal lands
EMERGEHTiHERBACEOiJS}
VEGETAmti
HerbBceous cmergenl vegelalion in the
sindy area is lypieallv Ibund g]~owing in
a variety of sellings, including pcBthnds,
mBrshes, p^thi>les, beaver pouds, wel
meadows, lake-edges, o xbc ws, and
sloughs This Ivfeof vegetBtion usually
occurs Bs B complex mosBie of
juDnoeiiltu]~es. due to the rhizomatous
habi! of lUBny of lhecons1ituent species
Slendersedge (Carex !£^^k^Ltrrp£^]^
BusbBiim's sedge iCtjjd'x i^tJihc^itmif]^
and mud sedge (C^rex H^fr^j^a) arr three
sedges lhal cm dominate portions of
fens ind sedge meadows. Marshes in
the si lid y arra 4]~e lypucallv dominaled by
c ait ail (Tyyha inir/jjUij}^ haidstem
13
bulrush (Sch^it^ aciihi^). beaked Ecdgc
[Carejc ittt fi.itfata}^ jnflalcd ^cdgc {Ca^ex
ve^karia}, and awncd !icdgc {Carejc
athet{?de^) Wc1 mcidow^ ire
frcqucnl Ly do minalcd by cnotic^ like
rccd c anarv^g ras!i (Fh^^itiri'^aMin^ffni^cFa)
or rcdtop 1.4 j^ ^r^h-T ft '^fji^mrfcra}^ or by
notjvc gras^c^ bkc luflcd hBirgriHS
(D^schafffpsk^ i F^T j//jSL'dl or bliicjomt
rccdgriss (Cafain^f^ro'^h c{fn{f{f6fn^is)
AQUATiCBEDVEGEUmN
PBlu^lrinc^ LaruHt n nc ^ ind Rjvcrinc
aqualic bed vcgctatjon occut^ m liltDia]
f< 2m) and limnclLc O 2ml ^onc^ of
fonds ind likoi or on I he bed of slo\^'-
movmg pcrcn nj B L !i trcams in the itudy
ami. An Bqnalic commLinLty
classifies tion for^cslcm Monlans and
northern Idaho bi m prcparBtJon iPicrcc,
[^[^ comm_) Whal follox^'^ ire some of
o Lir obscrv 41 lq ns of aqu4l \c do mm b ncc
t^pcs m the iiludv arca_ Yellow [^nd lily
(f^itphar jxf^ \7ii^{fhiin) ^ 4 flo b tjng-lc av cd
spccLcs^ b> a common dommBnt Bqnalic
■species Wilcr miLfojl (Myrifjfxhj'Hiiin
vetticfifatiiin) ind mBrc'si tBil (MfftfMitf^
viiigatf^) dominate £omc aqnalic
CO mmnnjl iCi ind arc uiiuallv completely
submerged or parlly cmcp>cd_ Coonlail
[C^rtik?^h\ifitm Jfmf^njml, fcnncl-
Icavcd fondwccd {Pf)T^t?iftgei{^
pecIm£^fXis)^ Illinois pondwccd
(F^faimj^ehjff fiffn^M.'ff'^i^)^ ind Chata sp.
(an algid 're dominanl in other aquBtic
{^ommunitic^i and are most often
completely '>ubmcT3ed.
RAREFIANTS
Forly-two plan! species which are rirc in
Monlana ire known from the '>tudy Brea
(Tabic 3, Heidel 1999) Oflhcie/onc
(Asf^!enmm Irrc'h^.fm{fn6'^) is beheved to
be extinct, and 6 ireonlv known fiDm
historic collections |.4fj^WFX fmncaia^
Carejc tincta, Cu ^mm bre\^hi\iif?fr^
R^^mi^^iiht^ i?ci^fr^it^}. Of the
remaining spccjc^ most fB II gene rally
inio oneof Iwo groups: species with a
boreal orcircumboreBl dislribnlion
which are restricted to [^allands. or
aqnal ic spec ie!i Several moonwort^
(BoiryL-hmm "spp.) al-so occur in 1 he study
area, they tend to be more Icircslrial
spcches^ bul can occur in riparian fbrrslfi
T^[e3 Rbib Flora cf Fbl head wel lanc^ and 1 he ir cc rr^ival on rnrk (^ indLBlesan h^tonc
occurrence of b ^»cieB Ihal abD occ uib ot9ev4iere in 1he state}
Scbmic Name
Amsrorcbis rolumMoff^
Aspf&nkjrT} tfk^homsnes
Atnpfex fTdjrTc^fl
B}dsn9 hecku
BaiQychfva? campesire
BaiQychtiyn m^gan&ns&
BaiQychtiyn morflamAT?
Ec^c^ftUT? paradoxtJfrT
Era&eaij ac/trederr
CarsK ctyordof^t][za
CarsK ft^jdfl
CarsK paupefcula
CarsK pfa\re3
Common Nan'e
Rou ixJ- leaved Orahrs
^idanhair Spleenviorl
Wed^-baved ^Ifcush
Bec^ Waler-mar^kJ
Prair^ Dune^^orl
Wavy Mccrrwari
Min^n la^ixJ N^:x>nvA>n
U^unlain M:x>nwort
Peculer M:x>nwon
Walers^ieki
Creeping Sed^
BrEll^ Sed^
Pa^ Sedge
Poor Sedge
Praire Sed^
Rank
G5S2S3
G5SX
135 5H
G4&2
G3G1
G352
G4S3
G352
G2S2
135 S2
G552
G5S1
<35S3
G553
G5'S1
16
Csrex syT?cf\ocephaia
C^SK It net ^
Ct^B\um brsv^Syhjm*
Cypr^?fl±UTr psrvfffoTiyn
Cypffped[tjfr\ psssennxjm
D^ceera angtica
D^opt^fs c^^tala
Epipsctfs g\gantea
Enophorxm} gracffe
Het^fsnlherB dubss
Ho\j\^0i{ia ^quaijfis
apana {oaseJff
Myceotis v^fn^
N^as guadaiijpsnafs
Nymph^ea fefrapo/ij
Oph\Qg{cfSsum pijatiium
F&iasstae frtg}dtjs ^ nfvai^
Fatamogslof? obtuaffoJ^
f^afHjncutus peiafkkjs^
Sch&uchzsna pakjstr^
Scirpisa caspjiosi^
Scirpisa autfSam\}f?ai]B
Utrkyufarta jnJejTneda
^}Qfa renJfoiia
Wo^a cofumbiana
lifeny-hea^d Sec^
Shon-El^lEd ThtBlie
Red-rcol Flelse^l^
SmBll Yelbw Lsdy a-sl ^ifH r
SpBrrow & Egg Lady s-al^iper
EnglEh Sundew
Biic^^r Fern
Be^-Led Spherush
GBm Hellfborine
Sleru^r Colbngra^
Waler SlBr-giE^
Waler Hov/ella
Loe^l 3 Twa>blade
EBi\y Fo rgel -Me-Nol
GiBffakf» WBler-nyrrph
Pygmy WalBrlily
Ad^ra Torpgue
PBlmale-t^vBd CoH^ool
Blum-k^ved Fond^x'^ed
Honhern ButlBrcL4>
PodgrHES
Tilled Clii^-riis^i
Waler Bui riis^i
F^-kaved BbddenA-cirt
K kJ ney - ka V ed V n ^
Colu rrijta Wsler-meal
G451
G451
G4S1
135 5H
135 S3
G4G5S2
G5S2
135 S2
G5S2
G4E2
G5B2
<3551
G252
G551
G5B1
G5S1
G5S1
135 S2
G5T^S1
G5S2
G551
135 S2
135 S2
G4G5S2
G551
135 S3
G5S2
RAFEA!^iMAiS_
The ^4lcT^hcd'> included in ihiE
mvcnlorj' provide x^'ctlflnd habitBt for 37
animal ^pccic^ of special concern x^'ithjn
Monlana (Tabic 4j_ Two of lhcsc
(Yellov/stonc CulthioBt Trout and
Snipping Turtle) are no1 nali^e to the
arci Yellowstone Cunhn^at arc
apparc nl Ly rc^l ricliid 1d Echo Lake in I he
Flalhcad Lake wilep>lKd_ There is no
evidence thil Snapping Turtle-^ Bre
reproducing x^'herc ibicy have been
inlEdduced near K4li'>pc LL^ iliso in the
FlalheadLakc wileiHhcd- The
renmnjng 35 *i[x:cje!i native to the
wilershed^ use welLand habit Bt^ lor
breeding ind fbraging to various
degree-^, o r pas-^ ihnniigh them dunng
migration.
Non-breeding spec les th^t uliLize
wdUnds in the-^e watersheds for
Ibra^ing orduimg migralion (ind more
locil movementsf incLnde American
Whj1e Pelican, Trnmpeler Swan,
Harlequin Duek, Bl Be k-nec ked Suit.
Frink Lin's GulL Forster\ Tern_ and all
of the lUBminals e\eep1 Nonhcm Bog
Lemming. All of these bird species
breed elsewhere in Montana ^Harlequin
Ducks probably bred in the recent pBS1
wilhin the inventor^' btcb and slill breed
in several adjBecnl x^-atcrsheds) Species
like Che Gra> Wolf, Grizzly Bear, North
Amenean Wolverine and Lyn\ may use
nparjBn arras, especially in the Swan
and Stillwater waleisheds . during
■seasonal and annual movements bul are
not e-^pccially dependent upcn them.
n
T^[e4 Rare am rr^^ BS9:>CBled wri h F^lhead we1 bnds arxf Iheir
con^rva1»n rank
Common J^Bme
Scienii c Name
Gbtal
5la1e
FiBh
Rflr+:
Rri^
Shorlhead Scut>in
CoSltJS canf^^tjs
G5
S3
Velb\valoneCifl1hrDBl Troul (1^
QnccrhynchuB cJsrkf bouhrten
G4T2
S2
Bull Troul
Saivef}fHJS cofTftu&ntuB
G3
S3
Monlana ^ml (c G raylfr^
ThymsffiSB Brctictjs montams
G5T2Q
SI
Amphibians
TaiMFrag
AsosptKJS /ruaf
G4
S4
Weslern ToEd
Bufobor&as
G4
S3S4
Mori hern Lacpard Frag
Rsna pp^iTS
G5
S3S4
Reptiles
Sn^iping Turl^ {1}
Cbefydra sa'perrtTiTJ
G5
S3
Birds
Common Loon
Gau^¥77/7?«r
G5
S1 52B SZN
AmarKian Whrfe PelKian
PoiecsmsB exythrorhynchoB
G3
S2BSZN
Graal Bliie Heion
Ard&s herod^as
G5
S4B-SZN
BfeA-c rowrpad Nigh1-heron
Nycticorax nycticorwc
G5
S253BSZN
While-faced IbE
Pfegad& cMtr
G5
SIB SZN
Tnirrpeler Swen
G4
S2BSZN
HHriequin Dixie
NBJTrtHf^tug hisfiTonrcdis
G4
S2B.SZti
BakJE^b
Haffss&tus ieucQcephaiiiB
G4
S3B 53N
Peregrine Faton
FafcQ p&^0gnfH^
G4
S1 52B SZN
Bbi^-rpEK]kEdS1iH
H^mamopi^ mexjcantjs
G5
S2B.SZH
Fib ri^line Gull
Lartjs p^xcan
G4G5
S3BEZN
Ca^an Tem
Sterna caap^
G5
S2BSZN
Common Tem
Sterna hv^TOe
G5
S3BSZN
Rd rslers Tem
Slerna fosster}
G5
S2B.SZH
B^c^Tem
Chikydon^as mge^
G4
S3BSZN
Graal Grey Owl
St^ix nebijtQss
G5
S3
Weslern Screech-owl
Oixs kennscoSlrt
G5
S3S4
Bb^Sn^
CypEBtudaE n^sr
G4
S3BSZN
Mammal B
TQi^rF^nd a B^-eared Bel
Co/yrwr/tfmj£ fownse/icfr
G4
S2S3
Nonhern Bog Lemming
Synapomya hor&aSs
G4
S2
Gray Wolf
Cant9 ttjptjs
G4
SI
Gnzzly Bear
UiHdJS ardos hofnbJJis
G5T3
S1S2
Frsher
JWartaa psnaanff
G5
S2
Nonh Amercan Woh/erim
Gufo gijto fusctjs
G4T4
S2
Lyiu
FeSs lynx
G5
S2
DamseinSeB
Si^iarclc bliel
Co&nagrton \f?ter^Qgatiyn
G5
S1S2
Lael besl ^n~F^f ly
EnaSagan a opt^motocxss
G1G3
SI S3
Malluaks
Flalheed pcixJer^il
Stagn^cofa eirodf
G1
SI
Lar^moul h pom^nail
Stagn^cois efrodfaaa
G1
SI
To wnsc nd\ H L^-c B red Bil brcccl*i End
hjbrrnBtc^ m cavc^ End abandoned
mjnc^, bu! otlcn ibrigoi in forest
openings ovc r !i trc anui and pDndi where
insects arc abundant
MobI spccjcs Bre re Lai ively w jdcsprc ad
in lhese walersheds Several Jifccjcs,
however arr qujle reslricled There ire
fe^^er thin 6 ^ite*i 1(^3 ndii orsloiighsf jn
the FLalhead Lslze waleished where
Nonhem Leo paid Frogs *il ill occur, ind
the Northern Bog Lemnnng is known
only fn>m one Bre* ficvcril fen^f Blong
Snndiv Creek jn lhe SliLL^Bter
^4leT^hed. FE>her were e\tiq>4ted fiDm
Monlana jn itie I920'!i and '>ucee'isrLJIy
reintroduced at lhree releiEC "titcTi in lhe
IbIc L950'e. one of the reintrodnclion
silc?i ^BE jn lbie Swan watershed near
Holland Lake Cnrrrm distrjbulionof
Fisher is poorly known, but tvpicilly the
species IS asHJCiated with mBture spruce-
fir and cedar-hemkjck ibre^ls
soKietimes wjlh welLand ind nparjBn
hBbitit Bo I h d amselRies (Snbardic
bluet Bnd La'>t,bc?it damselRy) are
repLided from one locilkm eaeh in the
Whjieftsh arcaof lhe SliLLwatcr
watershed fal Whitefi'>h Like ind Blong
the Whitefish River, respective lyf_ The
Flalheid [y^ndsnBil is reported onlv from
Flilheid Like jn '>halk>w mnddv near-
shorr habjlUs The Largemouth
fcndsnul ih rc[y^rled from Swan LBke in
the Swan wBtershed Bnd Upper
Whitefi^h LBke jn lhe Slillwaler
w*1ei^hed. thbi spceiesocciira most
oflen on shalk>w nscky substrBtes
Resnllsorfaunal '>iirv'e^s conducted as
part of this wet I Bnd invenloiy ire
prcTicntcd in [he site dc?ic ripl lo ns jn
Appendix E Bnd in Ap[^ndi\F_ which
summarizes the re'>ulls of the carBbid
beetle surveys jn the study arei.
CO iV5£fl VA m jV PR 10 RiTJE SFOR
ECO iO QIC ALLY SIGfiiHCANT
WETJAf^DS
S]xty-lKree wctlBnd'> in lhe study irea
were inventoried durjngl998, and
:£umm4rv jnlonnition Bbonl 5A- welLand
siles \s presented inTBblc 5 The
original 6 J wcl lands ^ere reduced lo 54
^dlinds for several reihons InseverBl
cuic?i wctlBnd'> k>catcd neireach other
were Lumped together due lo their
proximity and IrcBtcd as a "complex" A
lew wel Lands thil were visited ire no I
lepaded herr because they werr too
degraded ind did nol quiljfv in anv of
the ranking categories- Furl he rmo rr .
Ecvcral welLands are ineLnded lha1 were
not field- inventoried, imple information
to dcTicnbe and rBnk these site*^ wis
available from i vBrielv ofsoiiircTi
including existing Rcseireh Nalnril
AreB and BolinicBL Si'ccjil lnterc?it Aie^
csti bli'>hmenl record'>, unpublj'>hed
reports fnnm previous fjeld inventories,
pcalLand records from MTNHP^s
Biological and Conservi tion Dm
S>Blem and Chadded al-1199B)
Several jn~evio t^ eFortE lo idenlily
EigniHcanl welLands have occurred jn the
si lid y arcB One '>t ud y jde ntjfied
ecolo^icBLLy "^jgnjficBnt ^ iters beds _
river-Lake corridors and wethnd
comple^cTi of the Swan Valley u^ing
exisling informal km 'tOuree'> fFrisscLLel
al. 1995). the authors identified hrge
patches of the S^in Villcy lands^ipe
which conlribnle '>igniFicinll^ to
bjodiverait^ in the watershed. The
prcient MTNHP wethnd invenlory
further refines and complements ihi^
previous work by providing "^Jle-spcc tfic
field invenlorj'dm gathered Bt ^etlind^
which nc^l withjn lhe welland
complexes identified by FriEsell ct al.
19
T^IbS SUB rari^in^ maiiB^mE
int ElaluB and awneishp cf F^head wel^nds
invenlored in 19^3.
?iilp
MarecemE:!! EUHje'
O^TBrsho"
WETLANDS WITHOUTSTANDIMj SIGNIFICANCE
1 fin±Toae Fen
-
Ri
2 inceC^€€h
-
SillMEiEr
a Cbaer Slcugh
-
FNF
4 aegg Creek Fen
-
FHF
5 Hcli^n L^e BSLA
F^iBllywthnBSIA
KNF FVi r.TT
5 Lazy C^ek Fen
-
Cp
7 Lo&1 Creek Fen
GBJ-dc^leBSIA
FHF
S hUlyLske
-
Sill^^r
9. Fbn Creek F€n
-
cp
10 ftrojpre &€€fc CcnrJeic
-
Sran- Cpl- FNF
11 SMsnFbver DeIU
TWCftesEfve WiR
FNF USFWSTNC
12 SMBnFivEf RHA
RHA
FHF
WETLANDS WITH VERY HK3H S IGNI FIC ANC E
1J Cco±n Creek BSIA
BSIA
FHF
14 Fla1lBadFS>/€f Island
Fk^faly^M1hnNBU^aJ Atbb^
StHlE Geme Freeerve
WT. Ri. FNF
IS GaaEfjV^irdtdl^lieGCTTTJex
-
FNF Cpl
16 l^Kwz Meacftiw
-
Cpl
17 Ui^at^ r^ad^r^
-
Stfhnlef
IB lAjdL^Le
-
Pi-WT
19 Ifape Creek Fen
-
Swan
20 Itrlh Sartci Creek Fen
-
FNF
21 RvH ReBEBm Fen
-
Swan
22 Sinfa^ Creek Bd1>;^
-
FTi KNF
23 Wax^Beavef-Ffairbiw Lnkea
-
E^llwalEf _ Cp1_ FTi
CcnipJe:^
24 Woxthvard Meadi^^.^
-
FVi Swan.Cpt
WETLANDS WITH HK3H S IGNI FIC ANC E
25 Beer F^w MeBd>v
-
StllME^Er
S BercpGrdLjke
FiBhng Ax]c«b&
Ri-FWP
27 BcHwn Creek Fen
-
FHF
5E Crys^ Fen
Wiktfre3&
FNF
^ FcclNlla r^lead^hv
-
Swan
ED Lo^nC^eekl^Bdiw
-
FHF
31 LcHver lazy C^ek BDtkm
-
Sfllv.Qler Cpl
32 hJr^rrie FEn
-
FNF
33 Rcurd r^adD^l^adiw Lake
-
Cfri. Slllvoler
^ Sak hlvtn r.ltfsh
TIC FVeBErve
TIC
35 5 iBnnrd C^e^k Fen
-
FNF
3S Sturi^ MeB[i>v
-
StIhffilEr
37 Soulh SariLO Creek Fen
-
FNF
S S^u1l Creek Meecftiw
-
Cpl
S Whielieh Spun Svm^
CE
Ri
WETLANDS WITH ICDBWTESK3N IF CArCE
40 Hbs^IWPA
WPA
USFWS
41 BexH^c^ r.leacftwiE
-
Cpl
20
42 E^ Slojgh
4J Gccd Creek f^brsh
44 GcxxlC>€€kTnl:tJlar^
45 Ljke hkuse Mescftiw
46 fAiWerra^r Slcugh
47 RvHcJ Fkidw
CE
Srrvlh Lske WPA
Bi^eezer F^acknvs
Upf]er Wesi Fcdc LBZ^Graak
VtfiLBke
Wdl Creek Slcu^
WoKt Lak€
PariBllyAHlmWFA
CE
4S
49
50
51
52
53
51
'Marjagemenl Status: RNA- dsa^iatod rtaBQBrch rOaUrHJ Area: BSIA- c^EJ^Hled BDlaricaJ
BfKaaJ hle'EBlAjea-TNC-Tf^ NaUre Ccre^r/arc}- Wh" R - rkhcre? 'A'lld^'e felu^i'iVPA-
WalErlcvH FToljcliGn ^rea CE- CCTiservaiai eaBemenl "Ownership -Nf - Flalhtad
hktcTEil FcreBl. KNF - KDDlEra rOalcTEl Fccesl U5FWS - Rsh ard i/^kJik SEf>4c« Sfl^ra^r-
S«^reter Suit FCTtsI Svnan- S-AHnHver Slate Fcresl FWP- MT Fish. Vrtldiie arri Parks MT
- u rp^Ejg^ led sble land Cpl- ccrfxrale trrtef lard FTi- pifivate
Ri
FNF
Sill^rater
SillMEter
FVi
KNF FVi Sillvnaler
Sill^rater
U5FWS Ri
Cpl SwHn
Cp
Swan Cfjt
FVi
Sill^ter
(19951 Two other wcl Land invcniorjcs
hflvc been conducted x^'hjchcmphi.'iLzcd
idcntjfic at lo n o F wcl Lands w i th
signLHcanl waterfowl production
capBbihtJcs CKjng 1975, Wjltmicr 1986).
Both studies padiallv ovcrhp the present
sludy arcH. ind lhc^ bolh identjfv
pnorily wetlands lor Bcqujsitjon and
CO n*ierv a1 Lo n CBScnients, bu! I hey differ
from MTNHF -^ currcnl inv-cntorv
bcciu-^c they emphasize lhc we1 lands'
vbIuo is walerfbwl habitat rBther thm
presence of inUct nBtJve ftctlind plant
coniniuiiJlLes.
Detailed info inial ion ibout wdlind siles
can be found in Appcndjx E, wilh
hjghljghlssLimmanzed below A nup
showing geneiaL hicalion^ of ^ethnd
silcs cin be found in Figure L, with more
detaiLcd local ions shown jn FigLirrs 3A-
3E_ Useisof this well and invcntorv
report shouLd note thai about ^y^of lhe
wetlands arc on pHvale hnd and
[^rmbisjon from lindo^nery is needed
before Bcees-^ing Bny prjvBtc Lands-
lip JS FAlVDO^G SiGMfiCAfiCE
Siles in this ci1 ego ry represent the mos1
ecologically significant welLands in lhc
Hurvey trci. All of these siles have Bn
ouEslandingdiv'ep>ily of wetUnd plant
ccmmunLtJC!i and wetlarul fealiires. For
exampLc, the Porcupine Creek Complex
features aspriicc swamp, mBi^sh
cc mmunil Lcs, bog bjrchcirr, wlLLow
slands, nch fen communilics, bcBvcr
[y^rKls, Bnd floBting mals Mosi of the
siles arc qiiLtc Large, ind bLI but GUcicr
Slough hBvc some degree of peal I and
dcvcLopmenl Mosl of lhc fens Bt ibicjic
silcTi havccDnccntraiions of rare plBnt
specLCSL
These wdLands tend to be in rxccLLcnt
condition, and I he su rrounding uplands
generally have nunimal humin impicls.
The Iwo wel Lands lhal are closcsl [o
being exceptions ire Swan River IDella
and Ambiose Fen. The former ha^somc
large reed c b naryg rass stands, old
ditches which werr intended to drain lhc
sile, ind roads on three sides, however,
there arr no dams on the Swin Rjver
above ihis sjle, thus IcB^jng inlact mBny
of the fluvjBL processes whjch helped
21
Legend for Figure 3.
List of Wetlands
Map Legend
1 Ambrose fw^
2 Antice Creek
3 Glacier Slough
A Qregg Cr^^t Nn
5 HlUd^nUkfi B&IA
B LazyCrMftF^n
7 Lost Creek Fen
a Molly Uk*
9 Plum Cre^k Fan
10 Pc>rcuDlneCreekCcinipld;t
11 SwanRlvEFDalla
12 SvjanFTIwrRNA
13 ConCanCfeekBSlA
14 Rflinead River Isfands
15 Glaciar/Wridlall Kettle C^implDt
17 McCab« M^i^do^v
la MudUke
19 Nc-^fV,3 Crr.^ik Hv\
20 Nurth5ankoCJeekF&Ji
21 PocmPfea^ani Ffln
22 Sundsv Creek Bonom
24 Woodward Meadows
25 B^^P^w Meadow
29 aianchard Lake
27 Bowi^n Cr^QkFen
28 CrystaJF&R
29 F^ilillLs Uaadou^
30 Logan Crask h^aa do w
31 Lower Lezv Creek B&itom
32 hJinemiJaFen
33 Ro UP I d M^ df?o vv- M ea do ;v Loke
3i Saf6 Harbor Marsh
36 Sh^ppsrd Creak Fen
36 Skunk Meadow
37 SoulhSankoCraakFan
33 SwjftCre^k Meadow
39 White 1 1 sh Spruce Swamp
40 Bla&dclWPA
41 Bootjack Maadows
42 Egen Slou^li
43 Good Craek Marsh
44 G:]qH Cri^fik TFJlHiri^rv
45 Laka HouE^ Maado^/v
4£ MoWa^megtirSk^u^
47 Point 0' Rocks
43 Rilsenburg Meadow
49 Smith Leke WPA
50 SqjQGzgrMdadowf
51 UooerWestForkLazyCreek
52 V^nL^ke
53 Woll Creak Slough
&4 WooJfi Lako
Wetfandartes
SUmI
aOHlBuR^)
CotL
Olher DOD
NPS
USFS
Other US DA
USFWS
S-|?tB trust lands
DPWP
UnrvarEity & jn^titutionE
Local goverrifnent
Tribal a Allotlad
PlumCraak
Private Con^aruation
Other pj-lij^^Et^
Water
22
Figur e 3a- EcQ logicslly significant wetlands in the Upper Stillwater drainage
■4r«sv^
H
KA
MTNHP. Mgy 17^ 1999
Figure 3b. Ecofogjcally significant wetlands in the Whitefish Area
MTNHP, May 17. ^953
Figure 3c. Ecologically significant wetlands in the Kalispell Area
CJ1
ruTTHK P. May 17. I^gg
Figure 3d. Eco logically significant wetlands ir the Lower Swan River drainage
u
□>
4_
MTNHF, Way 17, 1999
Figure 3e. Ecologically significant wetlands in the
Upper Swan River drainage
MTNHP.May 17, 1999
Ibrm thcsilc. Ambrose Fcn^ in spite of
^omc grizing imparls and b major
hjghwav ncirby, j^onc of ihc largcs! End
mo-^l diverse fens west of ihc contjncnial
divjdc in Montana.
Several of thc^c wctlind^ already have
:£onie eo nserv al lo n s1 41 us S^Bn Rj^cr
Research Naluril Are* fRNAl and
Hidden Lake Botanies] Spceial ]nlere?il
Are* fBSlAl are prolecled by their
:£pccial Fore^l Service des ig n b t jo ns Pirt
of the Svran RiverDelta i^ b U S Fish
and Wildlife Service WalionBl \k"ildljfe
Refuse, ind pBi 1 1^ Nalure Conservincy
Preserve LosI Creek Fen i^ 4 candidale
BSIA_ hut none of the other '>ites Hbvc
any proteeted sl4liis Glacier Slough j^
an ouls1 ending e^BmpLeof b montBne
mBFTih wilh mUct ^e1 meadow
eommunilies ind largely jnlact upland
forests in the drijnige ]1 qiJBlifie'> far
Niluri] AreB dc?iignBtion^ bs do the slate
owned sj1e^_ The remaining OutstBndmg
quality ^etlBnds Bre m mined ownership
or privalel^ owned- Conserv a1 lo n o f
the'>e siles will require col I ahorBtJve
efJbns between the piu-Bte parlies- land
trusts^ and/a r pu blkz agencies.
nejt lo ihe two ^itci hBve been iflccled
by ro ad-building Bnd timber harvesi
SjmilBflv^ FLalheBd River Islands^ which
has Home of the besl-developed
examples of valley bo 1 torn npBriin
foresl in the s1ud^ arrB^ bi surrounded by
urban and ignenltural I Bnd uses. Two
sites CondonCreek BSIA and
Gl Be ier/ Windfall Kellle Complex, are
oulslanding ex Bm pies of glacial polhcle
p^nds in 4 fo reeled selling
Mino r e hange'> in mBnBf.emen1 praclices
at some o f thc^>e sites could put them on
a trajeclor^ to become OnlsHnding
significince welUnds. For example,
changing I he grazing mBnagement
pracliees al SundBy Creek Bo I torn eouki
improve I he condition of the willow
cemmunily at the si1e and stBbilize
slrcBmbanks Alternalivelv, leaving
lBrf.er buffci^ belween timber hBcvesI
UI1I1S and welUnd'> like Lewis Meadow
would lessen changes to the hydrology
of such '>ites and reduce potenlial inpuls
of sediments Only Owen Sowerwine
N*turil AniB (pan of ihe FlBthcBd River
IsUnd^l ind Condon Creek BSIA have
any special co nsen' atio n st Atu&.
VEPYHiGSISKifiSftCAfiCE
Very High signifieBnee wethnds shire
some qnalil les o f O u t'>l and ing
signiFieince welUnd'>^ '>iich os large size^
a d iven>il y o f w etl B nd plani
eommnmties, orconcentrBtion^of rare
species Thev are generallv
di^linguishcd from the former ealegory
by having a greiler degree of hnmin
impBels. either on- or off-site. For
example. WoodwBnH Meadows Bnd
Poinl Pleasant Fen Bre bo I h composed of
adivcT^ily of wetland pl^m commiinitic?i
thai arc in good condil ion fe.g. few
exotics no grazing impBets, etc 1
However, ihe conditic ns in the uplands
HlGHStGKIftCAfiCE
Wetlands in this e b lego ry diffe r from the
previous ealegory ehieflv by hBving a
lowerdivei^ily of wetlBnd plani
communities and well and feilures; these
welUnds are also mere numerous ihBn
those in the previous ci1 ego neii For
example, Skunk Meadow only has some
willow Bnd map>h communities, mhcr
thin lhc mix of eommunilies no led
above Ibrihe Porcupine Creek Complex
The High significance pcBthrKls also
tend to be smBller Bnd less divei^e thBn
peal lands in the previous eilegories
One site. Round Meadow-Meadow
Lake, has some large areis of weL
2B
meadow, ilthough nomr piirf^ hivc been
mvidcd by rccd cBnBrygrBss The
ccmdition orthr'>r wdlinds and iKc
'>urTO Lind Liig Li[iLands tcncl^ to bcbLmilu
to the prcvkms cilcgory
Only a fcwof ibiQC sitc^ Brc under
coreicrvalLon management, one b:£ a
Nilurc Co nscr^' anc y Frcic rvc (Sale
Hirbnr MBryhr ind Buothcr wjlh a
conscrvilion cascmcn! (Whjlcfish
Spruce Sx^'Bmp) BccaLi*»c ihc plant
communities at the^G t^pcsofhilD^ lend
to be Lcwi diverse, ihcicjijli:^ miy be lhc
inosi ippropnatc modrL> Ibr wcUand
rciloFBtion pn>jcct^_ They provide good
c xamplc'> of 1 ho di'>trLbutJon and
compo'>ilionorcommon native wetland
communitic?i. and lhc^ could also serve
Bs seed sources Ibr welland plant. Some
of the siles. whicK have hid some
hydiologc modiHcalion |hke Round
McBdow-McBdow Lake) .could serve me
pctentJBl niitJgBtion siles
Wetlands m this cilegory range from
smill 1o hrge, bu1 ihey ah tend to be
dominalcd b^just b few wetland planl
communities, and very few sitc?i support
pcpiiLalions of rare plants or animals.
Moderale signifjcanee siles tend to be
less funcliomllv jnlact thm bov of the
previous ealegones, either beciii-se of
historic I and uses, exist ing impacti.or
both- A few moderile "signineance sites
are m encellenl eondnion^ bol irequile
smill. while such wellands miv be
funclionBlly jnlact, their priority for
eon^ervitjon is s1ill relalivelv low
compared to larf.e sites lhat are ]ngood
conditjon. Despjie si>ine of thejr
impBCIs, lhese sites do provide some
good hibjlal Ibr wildlife and waleTfbwI.
Like High signiEleance sites. Moderate
signiFicBnee sj1es Bre reUlively common
Of the Moderile quality sites we
invenlemed. only four ire under
CO nserval ion management^ two bs
Waterfowl Pnjduetjon AroBS Bnd 1wo
wil h eonservi! ion easemenis MBnvof
these sites hive [^stentiil for restoration
and/or bs mj1 igal io n sj1es d ne 1o pBS1 use
by domestic animator because of
alteralions of hydro bgic regimes.
Rcjitoralion miy be as simple is fencing
and allowing nalive vegetBtJon to
recover. Revegemion, chBnnet
slabilizalion^ weed eonlroL Bnd
h^-drologic rrslomion mBy be necessaiy
and should beeviloBted on i sile
specific basis
WE^J^rD5 NO T iPiVEPiTO R lED iNJ998
.Addilional wellands in the s1udv area ire
prcjicnl ihBt were not snrveved as part of
this wethnd invenlor^ projeet RcBdeis
should no1 infer thBt wellands thu were
not ]nventoried ire in pjor eo nd itjo n or
have low fnnclional in1egrj1v The
pnjjecrs goal wis ve ry spec ific: to
identify lhe most ecologjcallv signifleinl
wetLnds in the s1udv area ind priorilize
them lb r CO nserv B tion^ reslornkm^ ind
mjligilion Bpplicilions Therefore,
manv wellands were not invenloned
because lhev did no I niee1 lhe selection
criteria- However, manv of the
unsnrveyed wellands do pnsvjde
LinportBnt welland fnnelions Bnd arr
quite valuable for this rcBson akme
The mBjonty of lhe welland sites in the
Eiudv Brei whi^h were not in^enlorjcd as
part of this pnnject ire High and
Nloderile signifieince wellands Man^
of these sjles have been fragmenled by
roads or hi ve had I heir nalive well Bnd
plant CO mmunilies degraded by b variety
of land uses. Othcni ire pri&tine but very
29
zmiW and iJoniLnalcid by '>inglc [ilant
conununit ic^ Thr Hjgh End Moderate
Eignift: mcc sLtc^ thit ^r did viiiJl irc t
fiirly rcprrscntiUvc "^i m pic of 1 hcsc
t^ pes o f wcl Landi Plant communily
divcrsjly. prc^>cncc o f rirc s[x:rjcs_ and
^ctlind Ejzc ind condilLon informal ion
can be suirunBrircd for unsurvc^'cd or
datB-pjor x^'ctlflnd^ by consulting NWI
mBpi requeuing rBrc p]Bii1 ind animal
occuiTc ncc diH fiT>in MTNHF and an-
silc cviLiialLCinof jmpBcls.
Wc ire rclalLvcIv confidcnl ihat all
OulstBnding ^jgnjficBncr h^ctlBnd^ have
been idenlincd in ihcstudv Brci and I hat
few lo none of I he unsur^'eved wetlands
fill in1o lhis ei1egory_ Our confidence is
bi'^ed on two reBsons Ir ihcdcplh and
brcadlhof ibic locallv knowledgeable
mdjvidu4L> who were eonlaned during
the jnvenlor^, ind 2) using N^l rriBpi
and aerial pho1o'>^ we jdentjfied Bnd
inspected large wetlands which hid not
been menlioned by the bcally
knowledgeable individnaK-
This wetland inv'enlory identirie'> ind
pno rit izes ce rt b in types o f wel I ands and
wetLnd funclionh and proce^se'>^ but
some othei typc^of welland*i Bnd
proce^e*! were nnderemphasized during
the jnvenlory Beeau^>e of lhe emphasis
we placed on lirge ^ites.iome smaller
siles^ hke ^mallspring/'>eeps with nnjqne
annual phnt communilies (I IDeSanto
pcrs eomm.r were no! invenloned
Fud hennore^ so me fluvial processes
(like deposition^ channel migralion^ and
flooding) occur at a Urgerseale thin was
targeted bylhis pnnjec1_ RjpBnan
eoltonweiod eo mninni tie'> are
inenlricBbly lied 1e buch processes, and
the'>e commnnitjes c anno I beconsen'ed
solely by pioteeting exLsling pilches of
mtture eottonwood Ibrest. .\reis where
depjsitjon j^ occurring (where future
coltonwood si ands will be recrnitedl
need lo be consei ved as well (Mengliano
1996)
HOW THIS IWOHi^AT!0\' CAN BE USED
The jnlent of thi'> welUnJ inventory
projec! IS to provide infbnnilion lhat
will issLSI jn iheconservalionof welland
diversity ind qnahly The Idllowing
pDint^ illustrale wi^s in whjch the
infbnnBtJon from ihis wetlind inventory
ean be used:
* Fr^}vkie tr i?rityriik^ l^^i of v\^i!and^
This wetland inventory provides a lisi of
wetUnd '>ile?i thit ih ranked by ecological
signiFicince. This list can be used lo
efficienlly priontjze how hmjled welland
proteclion funds are !ipcn1_ Fore^Bniple,
this lisl should i'>sisl Und lni'>ts
eoreiideringconservBtJon ea^>emen1s or
slale^federal igeneies and cor[y^ri1e
owners eoniiidering easements or land
exchanges.
This lisl of '>igniric4 nl welUnd sjle'>
identifies welUnd'> lhal ire e'>senliallv
irreplaceable So me of 1 he Ontsl and ing
and Very High significance sites eonlain
wetUnd features like peatlands and
spnice swamps whose lo^ eould not
rei I isl le a I ly be nnligated
High ranking ^itcji on Forest Service
lands may be good candidates for
Research Nalural Arei or Bolanical
S|x:eial InleresI Area designnion.
Likewise, similar sile^ on ^lale land
merit conservilion managemeni ind/or
designation as Natural Areas.
30
This Ij^t Lin be u-^cd as a lool by
coibultinls. wetland ^cicntiEl^,
w i1 cp>hcd giD u [^, ind government
agcncic!i to identify reference wetlands.
Such silesein \ct\c as niodeL>of
wetland plant communjl^
Elrueture/rompoEJIion for rcstoratjon
projec1*i or 4h *iecd so nrres fbrplinl
materials Reference wetlands are also
extremely useful for inferring jmpacls of
I and use letivjlies.
Some sites m lhis lisl could serve as
mjlig*l km sites to hcLpoffsel lossesof
we1 lands al olher Lccatioiis^ in
ecmpliince with Section 404 of the
Clean Wa1er Ac! I use me cascji
restoring hydrology of lhc site by
blocking peripheral drainage would
improve welland fund ion.
review
For witershcd-ba-^ed assessments of
wetland resources^ ihis lisl o f s ig n ific ant
wetlands and wetland communities can
help reguhtoTS ascerlain the relative
scarcily of a pirticular wetland type or
eommunilv wilhin a waleTshed
This list em be used as a Tool by county
planners, regiiLalors. andolhera to help
inform decisions 4 bout landuse, growch,
and developmeni
Some of lhcse siles idenliHed by this
invenlory could serve as reference sites
for the regie nal guidebook for slope
wetUnds bejng developed
With ihe VrTlland jnvenlorv in the
Slillwater, Swan-andFlalheadLake
drainages now complete. MTMHPsees
two needs for improving Monlana
wetiinds jnfonnat]Dn s^tems in the
fiiluie. First, therr is Iremendons need
for comple tjng lhc Nil ion* I Welland
Invenlory for Montin* WWl provides
very valinble informalion on the
difilnbutjon, sjze, and types of wellanch
Ibund icross ihe slale_ Second MTNHP
recommends eon! inning efforts to
identify ind priontjze eeologically
signiHeanl wellands on a watershed
basis fo r o1 her prjo nty walersheds in the
si ale. Appendix G contains a
preliminary list of Montana walersheds
wjlh a preliminiTy priorilizatjon by
biodiversity value and levelof ihreit lha1
could helpdirecl future wetland
inventory efforts-
HOW TO REQiJESr ADDITIONAL
INfORf^ATiOPi
.^ddilionil wetland dm is avaiUble for
watershed- wide or site spceiHe piojeels-
Digilized National ^'ethnd Inventory
maps for some USGS quads in MonHni
ean be viewed on lhe web 41 I he f^atnral
Resource Informalion Sw>teni's Welland
Cleanngho use web page
(hTip//nrLS_slale ml us/wLs/wisI html)_
Hjrd copy mapi are avijiable for
inspection it U S F W S offices or for
purchase from lhe NWI Regional
Dbtrjbul ion Center (60S^88-5B90)
The following wetland information is
available from MTNHP:
* Occurrence informalion forrai^
plants^ animals, and niturtl
eommunjiies
* Sjle-spccific wethnd community
information
* Informalion on ceo logic illy
signiFieinl welUnd sjles not
eiirremly under conservation
management
* Informalion on ceo logic illy
significinl welland siles currently
protected
31
For more iDrormalLon. [ikinc canEocI the
MTNHPInfurmatjjn M*jiifcrjl <40fi>
444-^009 or via MTHHP^^ ^cbshi: hL
hl[p-//nri5 -m l go v^j nln hjV In ihccomcnf
mo n Lhs. scLci: tcci wctlond td~Qrmalion
ffDm the L991I jn^cnlorj" wlL[ aLw
bcLomc j>iilabLc vij the MTNHF
^cb-SLtCL
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Miiiy ind Lv id LJ ab CD ntribulnd to \hc
sucensE of this inventory and dc^icrvc:
spceia] lhank'>. The foUowjn^
individuals were hclpTuI en [iruviding
information on hjgh quality ^cllonds En
thc.sludy areB. information on landowner
contDCIs^ and jcce'>±] infoimHlJon: Gael
Bi^Hc]], Nea] Brown. Shannon KimbaJ]^
FclerLciica_ MirjB MinlBs, Miry Prices
Kcv]n Shelly Dein Sjrucek, Tob^
5prib]|]r. Jack Sunfcrd. and Manlyn
Wnod-
Slcvi: C oo [^r, Bonme ETeklcl Fctcr
Lesici- M*ria MantBs, John Picnze,
SlE^c Shelly, and Jim Vandcrhor^t iW
were helpful in ranking wclland
communities in terms of ranl^ Brad
Cook ^a^ very grAciewi in providing
answeis to a ^idc nngc ofgencrBl
wcduid and bojis questions.
Thanks bct alio due to John Picnze ind
Jim Vandcrhoist for thcu~ asEbtance jn
the field duang thi^i projecl Vcldj
Welch WIS \er^ helpful in providing
detailed Nilion^l V/elland In^rnlory
information Mabel J b nko vsk j"- Jo ncs of
ihc Idaho Con^rrvBlion DalaCrnler wst
very geneious with her lime ^nd
answered manv qLici^lion'^ regarding a
similjr ivelland jn^en1or\' she has been
conduelmg We Bre ^Isei grateful lo her
&r providing many of 1 he wellind plant
communilv ahsmcrla.
Thanks abo to Lvnda Saul ind Steve
FoU"^ fd r pTD vjding prompi nzsp^n^es lo
numerous quesHons abeul ihe w el land
grant piDee*Hh, and lo ihesliFf of the
Monlana Nalural Heritage Fiogram for
all kinds of helpdunng the izDuise of this
piMiject-
ThQ project wis funded by in
Environmental Proleelion Agency
Wetland Prolecljon CranI as authorized
by Seelion H}4(bH3) of the Clean Wner
.^1. ind adminislered bv lhe Montana
DepanmenI o f Env iioome n I a I Quality.
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fP
Fidgett, W G A_P_ YoungbLood and A H_ ^'jnwaid 19S9 RipirjBn eommnnity type
eLa-SEjficition of Ulah andsoulheastern Idiho EcoL Rep_ R4-Eeol-89-OI_ Ogden,
UT" (JS_ DepBrtmem of AgnenLture, Forest Service, Inlermounlain Region. 191 pp_
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Fjercc- J_ L986_ Wei Land comninnity lypc clBssiHealionof west-eentraL MonHnj_
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Agrkrull lire, Fore-^l Serviee. Northern Region Missoula, MontBna 157 pp
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Monlana's HO\k^LLIA AQUATIUS [xjikLs Prepared for FiBthcBd MationflLForest-
7pp plus appcndjceji
Sinicek, D A , and V C Bachuiski [995 RjpBnan Undlvpestirvey of iKe F[alKead
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37
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IT-
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78 pp.
3B
Appendix A - List Of Wetlands Identified By Locally < nowledgeable Indivjduals
WETLAND
l_CCATHD«
1
T3NR20W
2
Btaver Lake i^oily
T31NR22W
5
Bg Spnjce IsJBnd
T2SNR21W
4
ftchCk
TzrHR2lW
5
Back Lak«
T24HR21W
6
Banc^rdLjke
Ta]HR22W
7
BariLerst^ ^rea ■.^iancfe
TJ1HR19W
S
Bas^l WPA
T27NR3DW
9
BdoI^^l Lake ^veiancfe
T31NR23W
10
BD^A^nL^Lfi
TJ2N RffiW
11
BD^Iel^LB
T J1 N R22W
12
Cbtsx utiojlBlB marsh
T J1 N R20W
13
CBrreyCt
T26NRl9Vh'
14
Cec^rbtMnlen
TaiHRaDW
15
Cec^rL^Le
T31NR3DW
1G
CfurchSlcugh
T2BHR3DW
17
CcTKtnCk Eolarira] Arta
T21NR16W
IS
CcfHm welBFEb
TJ1HR19W
19
Ccfielle ^and
T2BNR21W
20
CollirwDcxt'SBJi:^ en^ia
T30HR3DW
2\
Grvslal &rch1en
TJ1HR3DW
22
Deph-iERvid
T26HR3DW
23
[>:gl^Ecl:w
T33HR23W
24
E^n Slcugh
T2BNR3DW
25
OTEnFan
T25HR13W
2G
FBjrrtewlbBh
T29HR3DW
27
Fish LBk€ lEfi
TMHR24W
29
FlEltEAdWPAl
TZTNRSDW
REVIEWER CQMMEriTS
MEfoncic lBk€. very hgh ccrKljci^ly rbel ajltral at
Ma^ nol be pfiaire bul ^d^xxJveg
3 f XHTT^ies ol ctp'esaCTial weiBn±- giod ^^ildile
irrtEfTTiedBle kn. Ice%ig mal remot
aenal ptiotQ sug^Bl IoIb o1 lAQlEf liliea
remofc pfisire rd ovEfi^ eKdirg
anaJI tn lacfr^ Id cotkviwiod botkm
Isr^ lca#^ rml pasiand cairs nee cotk¥i.^o:>d i^nrian bcltfn. scene w^l da Ljrt»d
CDtk¥i.^o:>d-qnH« oifTTTi tslan±a1tctdbYl^fr Dam veginbd
r.lan^HIDWAQUpcvicfe acme w.^ ^ rue b1 seme w.'bul
felween Owen ScHvervme and Bg Spojce lslan±- ycur^r island
BDltcnsahvig Flal^ad R . smal doughs
vef^smail ^n in c«c^ ^^o:>±. lcG#ig. pts%ie
Lcrg smded QcGbicn pcnd
Isdaleddc^rO^rlea Jaucfietle Island
hi qjaJil^ tnripfivat ci^u~emt^
aneJI tn burred reni^nly
Lacustir^ tinge
a^Knconm. moctfatly ^zed. e:cc. ^A^ldile
39
29
FlElteadWPAZ
TZTNRSDW
X
<3aa3r.'VJlrdtal area
TaDHRl7W
31
GcxxJOc^lb^h
T3aHR24W
32
Ifa^ll Basjn
TJIHR22W
33
Hci^n L^Le >A^lwvfe
TilHR25W
34
Ifcreeshi^ Lake
T26NRl9Vh'
35
U^n Lakc-LeB&BU RMA
T33N R24W
36
Uzy &y
T J1 N R22W
3?
Ldzy C^eek l.faB£in>B
TJ2HR23W
S
T33HR24W
B
LfBEauRIi^
TZ4NR24W
4C
L£X¥lLBke
T56NR19W
4t
Uk1 Oe^ Fen
Ta5HRlSW
42
Lois Lake
T33HR25W
43
Lo^r Laz^ Ck c^ajrB^
TJ2N R22W
44
U]Cet«UiM
T33HR23W
4G
UiyfBrr^^r Sku^
T2SHR3DW
4C
I^BcljhV Lsk^
TJ2N R23W
47
Uasjcn Well
T26fJRl9W
4?
Ibnr^Skugh
T29HR3DW
4a
Ibjn^i kp Vi^lBnd
TJINR3DW
m
lAjdL^Le
T27NR19W
51
IAjdL^Le2
TJIHR19W
B2
lAjFT^y Lake
T3IHR22W
53
Hrerr^e Iccp ^veiancfe
T32NR3DW
B4
Owen SowervMit Mai fii^^
T2SHR21W
55
F^ide^k^ns
TJJN R25W
56
F^KfCk hfOWAQU dits^
TZ2HR17W
57
RiMTi Creek Fen
5S
ftrojpre fen
T24NR1BW
59
Pi ReBsartFen
T24HR17W
GG
RM|ieMeacft]w
T33NR25W
iBGUstmt kresltd - very nee. scene wfe1 rare
Man^ s^attEfed c^pf essjcrsl ^veiancfe undsUrb^d sellrg
r.ltfsh ^^1h SCHPAUCARCH:) pc lal-e
nee len. smal. |its%ie
BDlarical SLA rich kn. bog brch cair. mera ties pcn±. Uia lenaarg
Typcal kerte lake, sticfed by bcQbicn
pen ol Le^BU RNA. menicvied in Ffats&Chacftt repc¥l
nee ^4}w slancfe and Bqj pJBm conminlv echbo c<¥idicn
Ibf^bI peaiBTTJ ri WNtfsh Ffar^ ^luc^ swamp cair.fen marsh
l^wnred Ua.lce^^ len. pts^v-C ARLf^
Surrcundrg ifiancfe mfstMbed. pcvvfe iBke.fers
Typcal kerte iBke. sticfed by bcQbicn
Less iviand dsUrtens. sjm. b Rvctjpr^ Ibf^ Hc^B.I-y^anie
toairg ma1 Brcund ciKn. ctep iBke^KOBB peer
HOWAQU pel?- kite ol welBn:t
Ver^ddcKbiw ipwellirgzcrH 9 Ritema^tn spp
Lcchs rfcreBirg ^wvlhy ol sirvey. much BqjBic veg
WelBnd culover bul man^ ^^ ate by bcQteicn ovEf years
Cattail rr^rsh ^bv^ Cbtbc^ ^xse rnlic in spcirg
vefnal^wel cvitp ol mcuntan cri^ seen ri dfcr pciBlre
qiTiglal^z ^Hblal kvesled Bnd {pen v^iBn±. ^azirg^
CARLAS sec^ meBdiw wj'pealy waters ec^
inlEfes#ig IntfBl zcrv wc¥lh botencal sirvey
Ver^ nee we i b n±. dverae. scene I c^rg nearby
IsJBnd ri manslem FiBltiead R.
nch len. nipGcted by ^z Irrt^r^nrveBt
man^pts^r^ pcn± wj' mid- Buccesacjial rri iced ccnler kvesl
rich fen
upiBnd {fstMbanne Pi bulr^clfen lOrarefiante.spp Iis1
40
B1
FfailBbcre Fen
TMfJR25W
€2
HwfTV welBnd 2
TZ^HRigVh"
G3
RivefTit welBndl
T25HR1BW
64
Hi^m Rood
Ta3NR20W
e&
F^ndl.faBd:w
TJZHR23W
GG
Safe IfartKT IbBh
T23HR3DW
67
Small lich tn
T31NR20W
GS
SmlhLBke
T27HR22W
G9
SpEfic^r-SkylQBlBkes
T3IHR22W
70
S|iuc«
T3INR22W
71
Sbrl^Ecliw
T3DNR24W
72
Stilwatr R welBTK^
73
StIlwBtr Hvcf
T3ZHR24Vh'
74
Sinfa^Ckv.eiBn±
TJZHR25W
7B
Sinfa^Ljke
T33NR24W
76
EiiBn UIlb riel
T25tJRlBW
77
S^Bn Hwf Qdxiw Resarve
T25NR1BW
78
S^^n Rivef Rli^
T24NR1BW
79
S^^BTHWdlCk
Tafi7Rl9W
30
S^^llCk. ^veianfe
T3aH R2^W
ai
Tally Lak€
T3lNR2^^fh'
92
Tslly Lake lEn&
B3
Tfiekerte r.leacftiw
TJ1NR3DW
e4
Tmrrijid Ol area
TJIHR21W
S5
Tmrrijid Ol araa
T31NR21W
a6
TitLe^Fcod
T26NR19W
37
ir¥ianKd mamh
TseHRSDW
aa
UTsmed dough
T2rHR2lW
sg
ir¥ianied lA^iand 1
T27NR20W
QQ
UrTsmed ^^iand 2
TJ1NR22W
m
UrTHmed ^^iand 3
T3lNRigW
BZ
UrTHmed weiand 4
T31NR20W
interTTKdafe fen pretty giod ccodiCTi
intact: ^»d vdcfite
Pcrovvit &ic^- N alcrg river ieast bori^
SmJ LVSAME"PICE.^swMi^ OKccrrftai
CARLTR marsh uaed to b^ mewed k¥ ^y
TICFre3€fve
oneJI rich fen in^res^ng pJam ccmminly. easy to ^i k)
Lar^ ^velan^liatulow lake - ma^-may nDt b^ ri giod s^p«
Mars heB ard npanan thc^tB SarpuB laciEns IccaJly intrEcly albred
kvested - ^eal veg eaa^aD:]esa
CARLTR marsh v^ I watered pastr eland.
V^atr >^r^ aill MBTRI and BDUFLU n mo^rg ^ratEf - «ftJ
hhi^ bi^rch carrs vA^ bottcm ^xxJ ccvid. several mre |iarA
aJcfer and brch carrs weak fen cfevelqifnEnl al lake ec^
R~et1y g»d and relaively ur^xded weland area
TIC preaefve-nvenne wetland l-KMAQU. CId g^iwth nfHrian
Mosaic o1 weiand l)pes pfiaire
npenan'^^land oifnpJe:^
&c^^^ lake, cul cfe aaclake
QeggCk Ta}4{¥Ck othErs- c^c^ pea land c^tabase
Lar^ pfiairv rich kn. hard to ^t to
nee nponan bottcm LVSAME. hpaiers aurella
Desnid pqiulaicvi. 2 PhD^ abi^t
Scfnew^t im»c^d - cfepresacvial weland- giod ^^Idite
Sali^asB pcfxjialcn
anal I ahfef carr. nearby lake a (^avir .etc) nol rich ri aqj veg
rev£f b^enb Icchs ritreairg
CARUT R marsh, vefTHJIy ^ vet Pcf]uluB boJBamilera B^^es
41
93 Upfsr Uzy CtL [iHis^ T32N R23W lots ol welanfe scmelar^
94 Upf»rSinfa^CkvjeiBn± T32NRSW much sp^Hg-um. bog lemnrg
95 Upfi^r Tmrrijid Ol 1 TJ1HR21W nee npGnsn ^nd ^^iBn±. Ivoad tocxtian scene lEnB^^ner^ tits
9B Upfi^rTmrrijidCtLZ T:»NR21W nee npenan and v.eiBn±. Ivmd locxtian scene lEnB^^nem ties
ff7 VaiLBke T22HR17W NEact o1 Vsnl^Le- Lacustrv tr^
K Wh^Bti EFViJce Swarp TJIHR21W
A-2
APPENDIX B - FIELD FOPH
43
MTNHP WETLAND SURVEY FORM GENERAL SrtE/PLOr DATA:
IDENTIFICATION AND LOCATION:
EX AIf1 a N tRc S J
PLDT na
PLUT NO_
SFTENAME
Dvtr
MANUAL
_ EOCODE
liMTi __ri __m
STATE
COUNTY
rURP: PREC CJUADXAME
GFS REF XO
OWNERS HCPIcLiuLi:) Pn-.^ (Nih
QUAD CODE
ifTE S LEGAL LOC :T__;R__;i__; IV4 S . ____4y4 4^^
^ U E Fdic^ ^^hmr. E LU. Tnk^ Bh nrtn 3m^ H T.
PLDT TV PCS: PL^T SIEC: RADIUS /LW, bfrDTJl ZURVET _
PHOTOGRAPHY [ri^poziHiitk.i:tr )
DIRECTIONS
GENERAL WE1 LAND EEATUHES
CDiiV^nlja CluK
HGM rbii
^ys\c m/KuhKjvcB
C 1uk/ku]>l Lani
WslcriTgiiDC
Watcc^nJckriD
DnmLiuiicc iy\\c
WETLAND SIZE Cm} OUTLET.
_EXLET_
FR]MARY WATER iOURCE SURFACE FLOW f pcn:ii»B LTiaHrrrnxLirDl st rra m _ d vc rt oiH fthw> FPT . iFR]NG/SEEF_
G ROU N D W ATEK OT H E R
PRIMARY WATER OUTFLOW SURFACE FLOW {pc rr dbuI- irUc nxLc oi « rra m . (i ycrb kJ fkn ^ cnpnri n oiplr
G ROU N D W ATEK . OT H E R
FLDD D [N G/PO N D [NG EVIDENCE: [a ktUf^ik] D t^^ rm ^ >»:bTJ %r»LvtaHL leh D i^i^^ Efcrk^n l dirl. i ■ ■! ■ ^ bhn r huh %rKt Ih
ilHEllrtlDHi)
INUNDATCOX PEnCOD^ftcpint 70SC prrJCd}: rm»:Bllyn»iriEJ (Jt tIeJ, ktcnfandj npuEd 4II rkL|,SEBipEn»:Bllyn»iriEJ C]]-5b
tIO iEai*HiJlyDiiiEd ^3 I J T.l^h Tcaj^jve 1^2 v± i) N*he
AVG DEPTH STAND]NH3yPONDED WATER fm}
BANK iTAI?[l_ITY Rilb-Culij ClULios HcmIltJi- Sljmps. Umfc-juuc Bjak ScahLc Other
% OF HANK WVDEEPBINDCXG ROOTHASS
HEAVEK E\[DENCECY N_4J«^.Ti>cJ
RIVEBINe
GAUGE DATA.
_ V A L LE Y FLOO R GR AD I ENT:
FLOODPLACX W[DTH:r[ii.t J RIFAR]AN/WETL AND ZONE W]DTH RANGE (m^ftL
I?ED MATER]AlHlEJi»ci knildrr »Ub mvcl imi4 ihiUiy)
EANKPULL WCDTH B AN KFULL DEPTH:
FLOO D PRO NEW]DTH (vjJ.k u J^ t-khll]
CHANNEL ENTRENCH {v.J^>. J^ ktnkr^.li-ir.ll vddk)
KOiGEN STREAM TYPES
SILT/SEDCHENT DEPCiS]T[ONrti..LJ r^n c-Uir. Din-JtvEn) COVEH*!
EVIDENCE OF SURFACE INFLOWS FROM UPLAND [nil. rmWy, JiErdn^. ik. J«. . -^DnEo .« chJD.TJ>
E VJ D ENCE OF SUB SURFACE FLOW ^KEpLHVClludEiEE TE| ir^VBr #V1Dr ^ ^EI^IX hElJui IE^H ■ I^Cir^JC qvJbl EridEIE>
DLrTEiEHiriih
EVIDENCE OF BR^CDED CHANNEL! Y N5 PO]NT BARi RE V EGET AT]NG "^ C Y , N _ N A |_
COARSE WOODY DEBR3S SOURCES PRESENT NEARBY IN SYSTEM IY,N,NA>
GENERAL SUT DESCRIPTEON.
L ^MmA i^^C EDraH KlilE I pTC3EHt [< J ^UT- HK ik, CeD, eAc | id^CEHE < I I eIc 1:
KEY ENVCRQNMENTAL FACTO RSC4frtr t^ tKiucc ii:« kchlcuI fkiixJ J^. w tMi mhIL h^ii^l^F^ j HhrTH»q^hkiB ^. hzaMT kI ^ t> dc^
LANDLISEH]STOnV fp.ic L^i^^ od i^rL
LANDUJE CDM MEMTS [cavTEDl iMdnic** HiE.LLrmrE^iHH.^^iHri iruHj arncHharc m^bj E09i b nprihCHcnli in^HliiH cl<h
OrrS JXELijES (cr Juikihi h*jjvir iwumr ^Kapnri viJcr^rJJiFnufrD ele)_
EXOTICS.
INFO NEEDS.
M AN AGEM ENT NEEDS.
KNOWX RARE FLA>T/ANIM AL EO'S (iPF EC iML
FAUNA OBSERVATIONS.
OCULAR PLANTSPEaESDAlA:
Plat B u Eiibtr] Datr SAr
Mlb i-oicrutic GROUND CO V ER {rhuti) sfflL+ «iatel^- idce + liitci + ^nt
[miP:=LaO'^ Flirf IDL PNC
T&BBfl: T^TAL CV _ KEAH MT_ rOECHfl : T^TAL CV _ MEAN CIT
SPEC LEE IDCNTrrrCATIOn HT CCC'
^IDX
T L
-
-
^
^
^
^
^
^
^
^
—
T 2
T 3
T ^
T J
T B
T 7
T a
SUKI
3 1
?BI
3:
T^TM n?
hIEAN tIT
_/_
_/_
_/_
_/_
_/_
_/_
_/_
_/_
_/_
_/_
_/_
_/_
_/_
_/_
3 2
S 3
3 4
3 T
3 C
3 ^
3 ?
3l{]
3lL
312
313
31-t
GRAl-
II HO
cna: T^T CV_
_ KEAM HT_
G L
G 2
G 3
G 4
G J
G C
G 7
G ^
G S
Gl{]
GIL
Gl2
r 1
Gl3
Gl-t
Gl3
Gl^
Gl7
GlJ]
rOECHfl: T^TAL CV _
3PC^IE3 IDENTLrL CATION
F 1
CIT
_I1A£U VI c
CCC
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F S
riD
Fll
El2
ElJ
EH
El5
FlS
Fll
ElB
Fig
F2a
F2l
^22
E2J
F21
F23
F2&
FJ7
EJQ
FJg
FJG
FJl
FJ2
EJJ
EJ1
EJ5
F3g
rEIUIB JLND JlI^IED FOHH3:
TOTAL CV_ MEAN HT
F 1
F J _ _ _ _ _
F J _ _ _ _ _
F 1 _ _ _ _ _
F 5 _ _ _ _ _
F B _ _ _ _ _
Mcn_ tv
BBTDIISB £ Lie BBS E
B L
Q 3
Q 5
B 7
L L
: T3TAL CV_
L 3
COMMENTS (EODATAl
_/ _
_/ _
_/ _
_/ _
_/ _
_/ _
B 2_
B 1_
B S_
B a_
L 2_
L 1_
PARENT MAT
LANDFDRM:
PLOT POSIT [ON- 5LOFE SHAPE
AiPECTCl SLOPE r^>: ELEVATION: EROSCOX POT_ ER05 TYPE
HORLZON ANGLE N _E ;i W LEGAL T R S IM 4/4 4.<irt_
TEB* cjmpy CLV*s Icr ■IEEE* 1,7 i LH dt4i) jrti ^HdL Lrqa/ajpLJ n^H ^r i dn dtti-j
campv ^onr ^Ljr^tE ir«EE>m viLiaa^ Cv 3 ■ >□■ rip - "=-L, <^ It^ >^^L^ 2^ ^L^, ^Ur J[^ ?J^i ^l^r
44- >J^^ ^4^1 ^^ >ii, <nii 4[^ >^^, rKi -\\^ ?U, --^r l[^ >T^, ^H^ »< >nr ^?^ H - >ii, ^ ]DD
rLEm chEB* L«el*tj d ^nm irti afHcdHU tjleh ce«p1»eh v*rL*r niB» lE cnrJuELDn fHaELblE y Lthirl dE»f de ■
3lt4 harrre:
Open Wgrer (lacking emergeni&.% of totel): Bottom Eubsir^
LPJ Ai^HMrH Vegetaliiin:
pH: , Condutljvily (/jSj'tjri) , Tftmp('C)_
WETLAND PLANT COMMUNmES
Date. paj. Day Y[, l-T,&sl^jaLor(s)
Wotiand(iih:tiedortilert7lfyes.iiito^hH;hzoriepM. SU. WM,
_,CaCOi.
_^ Suiaidft HjEV Y r^. RDDtcharnidte y n
VEOETATIOM DE5CRJPTI0N:(se& Hansen etal 11595] lor waHgrKi^ripangr kevs, use six-letter acrwyms, cc = canopv cover "^ith standard FCODATA dassfts^
Plant AsEDCialjOnS
L^r1
Layer i
ExdhljC^AiV^UJE
Posidon rol_ to ^djeconr
mmmAvelerdepdi
%flA
IL '
hJHMTECW W
{ ) 1 )
2) L
HHUTECW 96
._t^u.._t ) \ t
3L '
HHMTECW 99
n-«iw — *-.f ^Trrr^^.f ^
4L / 1
NHMTECW &9
___„„,( ),_„^„i 5
5) L
rJHMTECW oq
' ' ^ '
9L '
rJHMTECW 99
"-'---^ 3--^ — i )
7) /
NHMTECW 99
__^_«.{ )-- — -..1 3
a) '
, ^ ^
— ^ — , —
L J 1 J
rJHMTECW «
( 5 1 5
10) /
NHWTFCW « 1
■ ^ *--. — ^\ *
%oj3an wat^r
ComriHrits.
HVDROLOaiCAL AND PEPOLOQICAL VARIABLES:
ft
DepLhof
DepLh Ld Tret
vpBlflrii^fnh
saturate
lm[»in)eaUB
Ohi:«l2i>n
A hiifiz^
A hflnzgn
TsKli^^
%Hlf A^
1>
2J
3|
*l
»
*l
T}
1
«
^
TD>
LA^nlrtft
W^kT^^C7.v '
1
1
^Nlt^Afhlorrh
[]b«pkfai^ j
Upbrd j
tAhff)
Comirfinte"
APPENDIX C - G/S RANK GUIDELIhES
For El ale rink."^^ just "^ub^Ticutc S IbrG in these dcfLciitians
Ql = Critically impcrLlcd globally because of exlrcmc rinty | tv pic b LLy f Jvc or fewer
occurrences o r verv few remajning acres) or because of some fflclorlsl mikjng J1
extremely vuLneriblc to expHrpilion.
G2 = ImperiLeid globally because of exiiemc rarily rkypicaL[y six Ic 20 occuirenccs or lew
remajning icresi or because cFsome fActDr(s) making ii very VLiLnerablc to
extjq^Bt»n.
Gi = VulEierible_ejl her very rBre End locil throughout its ringc or found tocallv (even
abundantly al some of j1s LocBtionsI in 4 lestrjcted range leg. h single Greal Plam^
Eiaie^ t sjngle ph^jographic o r eco region h I unil) or because of clhcr Fadors making Ji
vulnerflble to extirpation thioughout Ji^ range.
Q4 = ApparrnUy Sc^nrc. Uncommon, buE not rarr (although J1 nny be qujie rBre jn pirts
of Its Tinge especially al the periphery) ApparenlLy not vulnerable jn mosi of jIe
range.
05 = SecuTC. Co inmon, widesprrBd, ind BbundBnl 11 ho ugh it may be quite rire in parts of
i1s Tinge, especially at the [^ripheryf. Not vulnerBble in most of its range
GU = Unrankable Sli1uscinnc1 be determined al ihb lime.
G?= Unranked, Sli1us hss not ^ei been assessed.
=*=*Modif]era and Rank RBngcs=*=^
^ A question niBrk added to a rink expresses an uncertBinly Bbont the rank in lhe
range of I either way on lhe 1-5 scale
GJIG# Greater uncertBintv about a rank tsexprr^sed bv indiealing the full range of
ranks which may be appropriate.
Q A '^Q" added 1o a rank denoles questionable taxonomy It modifies lhe degree of
imjTcrilmem and is only used incases where lhe lyp^ would have a less imperiled
rank if it ^ere no1 recognized as a vtltd name (i e. if il were combined wilh a mo]~e
common typcj.
E Exolte
CRITERIA USED FOR RANKING
The criteria for ranking are based on a set of quanti! alive and qualitalive factoid. These
factors are listed below in o]~der of I heir general importance:
49
a. Number of E Icmcnl Occurrences CEC^l
the csUmalcd number of EOe ihroughoul ihc Element'^ global range;
b. Abundance:
the e^lim4lcd global ibundflnce of the Elemcnl ^measured by number of
indjvidLnl^, or arrB,orslreBm length covered),
c_ Size of Rflnge:
the c^lim4lcd sizecf iheElcment'is global ringe,
d Dislnbution I rend:
the 1rcnd m the ELemcnl'sdi^mbul ion ever it'b global range,
e_ N Limbc r o f pro tceled ECta
the c:£lLmated nnmbc r c F adcq u ately jv^tecled EOs [hro ugiiD nt the Element's
global range-
f_ Degree of ihreal
the degree to whjch the Elemen! b> threalened globally.
g Fragjhly
the frBgility orsu^ceptibjhty of the Element to mtrosion.
h. O ther g lo b al considers tions:
for example- the qnalily orcondjiionof EOs I hat aFeel ormiy iffcct
end angerment status; nnenplBined popuhtjon fine tn b tjo n'>^ re pro dnc tjve
Elralegic;^ I hat are dependent onspcciFic habilat.elc.
50
APPENDIX D - COMMUNITY CHARACTERIZATION ABSTRACTS
31
Characlerl/^llon Abstracts tir Planl Communlllesln Ibe SUllxraler, S^an, sind
Flalhead Lake DralDa^!^
BETl/lA GlAi^DbLOSA/CAJ^a:?: LTWJCL-Mr^BCK B I RCH/H EAKED 5 EDCE> H citaccEaB \ cgCTaLi>» %3
C^f^EX f^VXBAL'MIHUUXBAUM'S SEECZ>Hc[faaLnKJi Vcsdaca _ ___ ___ __ __ ___ 54
C^fffA"y_ri/DJ.^rMUDSEDCE>HciHcc«K Vc^jdaicm __ ___ __ __ ___ ___ .56
CA.f^tX L^f^ICUIATAtUEA¥iZD S EDCE> H ciwcEL^K \ ripiU na _ ___ ___ __ __ ___ __57
C4fff;hr^f7^C^jeJririNFLATEDiEI3GtjHcrbM.nniiVc£rtaiHn__ __5B
Ct?ffA't.'5i"£fl^CJ:^CRF_lM>S[ERDOG*DODjSfcni>tjml __ __ __ ___ __ __ ___ _fiG
D[/£y<r/JJtiM^flUjVCIJ.V.4t"£tiMcDULICH]UMlHc[iHCC4« Vcip:LalbB._ ___ ___ __ __ ___ ___ _ _6l
fL^J?afAJe/SP^Lt.'57K/SCCOMMON S PIKERU S H > H ciraccnK \ cipil J ana ___ _62
Ei^J?aWJ^JSff^t77J-:UJr.*C BEAKED 5PIKERLISHjHc]l^a4^LiiVcgCTaLx]ii__ __________ ________6J
JUNCVS aALTICUStB^LTlC RU S H > H criKJccniB VcgCTjLn* ___ ___ _ ___ _ ___ ___ 64
PfCEA SPJCMWd.-3J£ttyC"tAriPRUCET?EI>-05]EE DOGWOOD^ ft- luA ___ ___ __ __ ___ ___63
PfCEA ^FJEQL'fSfTUM ARV^t\S£[^FR.UC^T\tl.D H OR5 ET \l Lj P^ mrf ___________________ 67
PfCEA SPJI.J3yCTfrrO.V.4Mfffy<rAVt-3( 5 PEUCEV YELLOW SKLINKCAEB\GE>]T>r:u _6e
POPULL"i BALSAMIFiy^l^^? T^^rWO C^iff A^C0j?^d.-3 JjWyC"E4 fB L ^C K COTTONWOOD/RED-OS lER
DCCWOODjPflmrf __ ___ ___ _ ___ _ ___ ___ ___ __ __ __63
i4iJtOflL'l/.TfO.VDy^V.^<rAMM4GJeOJTTSr4.V^JJEATJ5rDRLIMMOND'5 W]LLOW^LUZJO]>T
REZDCRA5Sjifcni>lirKJ __ ___ ___ _ ___ _ ___ ___ ___ __ __ 71
i4JJty3flL'lf.Tffl^D^A^.^C.lffEYtTffyCt^M7"ArDRLIMMOND^SV^JLLCWraE\KED S EDGE^ S PiJi±ib nd _ _T2
i4£.^tEA^J[Jt.■VHARRENcSA^"DBARW[[J_0^;^SARRP_N^S^lJl±ll^KJ ______ __7il
i^.rtEYJCt.'.^ME5ICGRAHI>"OID[5AXDl]ARW[LLO^yME5ICGRAH]XOID;Stii>ti[id ___ ___ _ _ _ T3
^CJff/*d.-3ACt.TLrScH\RDSTEM BULRUSH J Hci^cccoB VcgCTaLbfc ___ ___ Tfi
r/JLTJA /^LTGirA^LJ^^CWrO.V -l.Tf .^fl^CAA'd.-5iWEiTERN RED CZDAFl^YELLOW iK UN K C \H H AGEj P^ mrf
___ __ __ ___ ___ _ ___ _ ___ ___ T7
nrW^iAn^OLHCBROADLE AFC ATT AILS HcilacCTiLiiVcsrirfihri ___________??
51
BEnMAGlAHtXlOM/CAIiBCUiaClMAlA (BOG B1RCIVBEAKED SEDG E) Heibac eons
VegetatiDn
Sm IIAK Cfr H H tf M mE S
Tb: B^uta ^biniijlKuiC j ruA tAixuku j bihJjd rivpc k u^ih'jtn cd UcJuLj 4iIjjKhjkiKL''CaiE:c msrjLa iHzirucniiri aL
I^S^-'i^hLl] bHlhccB piE^ou^]} dc^rtrcd la j n unpii>lKhE4l £Ju:l/ b^ l^rjLc ( l^^h) C j r^A tAixubd j ^u
cojDHLiJiE} wii] ^a LiidrcJHhc^ l1:i muuLcil In l^iN^haBpiii Ln^prinNa -fl-nx LlQ^rbi>lh;K Phtc^'c { I^^H^ X Ohrr
ciziju^iaLn ^ eIi Bdiib ^biitiku n^'cnJnhrK^ jr>J C jr^x b^hncsjja umkjMOJXi cicfz la mhnbim ]LlLbf> Jid
mhah^c^ Mo naju C Jaj]tuh\-^k^:bj>:N ]^J97 ChaLlJcd aL I4<>S GiucEikc \*^^} I^dutj ^jvhikiu.-'CaiEK ^ii^ckL
pbjl JULK.BCEIJK alu cxBl LH Kiri tL\hird Nia nzira {Grucnkic 14^4).
EcLuki ^bmijkKui^aiEA tdiEukua n j mir>nr[vpc al jnU ckv^lnrtr in'^'f^cni Morim (HiBtrn ^ aL 1995), okI
BriviP.D y MENTAL Descliptid y
Tiin cuBEiujAi ;k L> j^ HK*^!! A ulfjccn co b^\ cr j<i rKk. L kc^ 4hr ■ziEzckn. jjkJ onKccjfl s'l^^k^ jjkJ vfci jLvblLcjiacci
jlI^lcjI Ll^ L^ ^jaLJirnJ JT>:;Lnik iin^ ^1 iramN NJzirKcn ri >L l^}^\ Thn CDEnmiiAi} olluezc oi\ £jiri^ -fl--^ Krin vf^k pud
jcciihliIjI i^n ■■likLriint; t pur6om\TawLC of arucrobk pmiLcucr^ In LJHhrriEnxl Mhrnc ^ DLj*!! ilarvk Lkr Salu
LinjniJTHhnJuru uarvL^ LJHhmmL^nJ^ ficcur l^b NHhLh cioi jr^ hcJcc rzicEnicLl jr>J \kwlc jr^ ruK LiUiaD^ EoLjnJ la pu4kinik
Scjh aiE ^'OjnBiiin^ ilh^Llrd lijIjI bkI NumjT>rr. j r>:l Jic ulurjLcd ^ l >r jii^iml o n ^cLIcr^ECN RnloK co nrc n rjLi^u jie
piE^rri BMhrnc mirtTDlwiik ir4kA dcpLri hn rn (fjk^rii wiljHK'ciir rjr^l^ Gj^nx maMcrAcuimiku ho m mty biB
Ibal LAg. Lfiu kuifi JiudK a^4hB4vpc crKnucb^ ojIl^ L>pcn \hi~jLcT Dncr ci^iejdli \avc Nb9]b'ii nnqjauhL hori^L^Ai
o^'c li^LAg 4kc prr mnc rj] ^i> J ^ H >A^n l\ aL Lii^S}
Veg etxtid y Descfliftion
dcLub gbimkilxu ^^nrhyr^ zin a^vrTLijc of ^^r if\ z\k nwcnl\>rf Mirrnu miHiriN L^f f^ciulbi fELriizHKa ar>H ^^la
afccKa ajE iiuLal^ pju^n fk: ^TiEiihp} co^'c r pru^ hHi>l b} chr v^m^K ^hii±K k NparNC lo moiirEnic lu cbr k:±a4:cfiuc
bL^vfLL^hrT n \\\^\\ A^NHhTEUcd ihii±n ieilIiJc RhiEnnb aloilL^ba jrxJ \~iiiMK '■^lUhw^ UjElcEilLMy Npc4.>:N
cojuposLf A n dcpcjElrri l^a i^ idc r k^rh Th: ^dccu sin mppuri Cjiex LrinLubl:! aid C ^^^LiLi^ CkiiJD
macn^ph^Lm zinJ [ br g[anijr>nKL^ Phkj prjLrANn ziml A^muK uoLajFcd aju oicn pencil in linrr jnLn>-Kir^ zindbr
LlbIij±Ti:d Nrim HzLnscn n ^1 3fH>5>.
Wildlife Values
LJcLuki ^binikiLfla n j \~iluhLc bmi'ii^c Np^4.>:N fn rcLL ( Kutb ]^~1x Cnhnununy h^ cfahnuroiu] bv Ikiiib fjbiiijb^j
ma^ fijic1ihnLL> ^ahilnc clu nic] buAkc ( ErcquiJi Iv i-iu^ Log Hhvcikj n^jn^ banbc) jr>J pji^h eIc iluik ^ [?;i£ in^ 4^Ly^ fr^h
lutiiu
SjrCEBOH
I k LkiLib ^biL^buj'CaiEic iJiuituj ^'funHUJiEV rivpc rupnscrEK a laLrK ^Libt cvpc Giaun^ eh} dcciuaicrihc ^i^r
of h-ng bicttiJJKJ lEM-iuLK z\k fuzacwLC of ipcc n 4fi t ra ry Hhf^iaYLJ^j i[iLli:lii]g A^iiuLa slL^hEiifcD FVia pialcun Phkj
palid CE, ^ehI AjEiLtK balLiic
Mabae emeht
SaruEaiod Mih jrc hjghl^ ^Li«.cpL bb 4fi K[>i cunipaiii bn a r>:l M ruiimhcLnl: ibu^Iiing wbrnuccdb} LhmocViKl hiuvy
macliinciy G^vriL^ nu^ wz',i\t in iE4LH:nJ v^jjiit fi rcvcriuj I rhniLAal ihn of ^hii±n Iji^b4Iic mc BiiiAjn^ of ILk l;rT^
cjn IrmpihEan^ inLiTL^c pjimLhJ ^y ;k ■=■' Caiuic Kj^ch^ HL^^c^vr. cj re Khzojklbc LaLcn '■^ hcA bumBfj abAf
n4 ccTimhant; Ikcjisc nf Lie ci^cLk^ chhou piuycccxij] piuvjHi>l b;K BcLuki ^biEHijlHa^Z^r^E u nnjblA LabEai L}^
(HaBcaddL W^X
Apja^ Eh=TCa p^nup^iTiEf
AdfJcciE ^clici 'tic, mj\ he LkhminvcLl by SaLt dniBmojElBn S ^jr^naia CaiuA iJ liiubi j (itC IjNHhrjrfu L;r7"^
DrrT 1A d kind uhmjminycN uippL^ri Rkl prjLcAir^ nhpuL^ 4 cil btxTiqia zind nKCJljIbL foJkLHhu ^1 In^j b: rcb\ al hhu,
jlI^cciL lAdbiEHl EojEiLi JiE L^tcj] 4lojDLAal i>l h/ PhL'^;! CAgcLmj nnij o r AbhiN IjNH»cjrp> AilpLCEy upburl^ ^Ljpj<irl
lubJjd 4^pc^ fmm Lb: ^Im:n lut'ficjjpa. FSicurfakiLi^ Bcn^iE^ii. anH PiriK j<iJ>JciLfla nci^t 4k pcidLAg 4hn cb^^ cji
jrKi JN^^Ll iH^LrKCJinziL ]945X
Cd NSERVAHfr Pri Rahw:
G4'S4
EpirDHJAUTHD 1
CAiBC Bl^B^lMfr \ BUJCBAUM 'S SEDO E> Heib ac eo us Veg etHtion
3niiA7. C] NNLyiTIEf
ImkhlL^ I k ^ ,iuz\ htiKboLUDu-CjiEic NixdilE (TliL} LipQlH l->id Caiuic biiubMimihCajEit ufuujln (MjMMhn J^J^J h.1
jr>J pkuo; HajKcnd aL ( l^S\ bimp 4 hn uhmjminri^ ^ ch Cjieic kKHH-iifj >ru] Cjiek kinifiinou Ini mj rEL^cjT>rd
furpLflCL i^cEEC ^ l^lffi} and Pad^cU a iL i \*^&^'}^hn d^ciiKihw^aiinmLniiy cypc
Car^x htiKhaLiBJK a muiiiT ^iiijnHLiiiL} cvpr in Ihr Uiria Z\4LMinairn nf Uriahs n'citcn j r>:l MKrih-ccilia] h-lDdain
YcIL^N4fij>r NjLi^h] l^rL 2[iJ4db^rKi auc3s dC kLki
BlVUD4l]IIHTiNL DESCllF'nD4l
Tlin ciiijnmLiBL} cvpc i:H>:urN in mndcidcLiK ^eh jlI ^TiLk^ bnUnmi. in lirpjEiNi^na] ^clbidc likr ^hLul piNhihLcs, id
Pl M binilh. J r>J on kiLr pbBN SarunccLl u ik'fi r>:l i i^m pcr^nl inchr ^Liiticc peal fnim mxi ^piBfl In mhJ HJjnncr
^jic r t\rk may I he n <l rof co Lk: mh J luiiM-c L>r, nn dm ri^zLodc , z\> ic\ cdI dc^ lbi^cii hclii^ i he niitu'c
Veg etxtid y Descriftcih
Carex htixKjLiBLiK ali^Tiyc LhhniirELd iDchE ^'funHUJiE^ ^ ch 25^a nnr greater ci^^rT Caiuit ZKfuu iln j rKiVfi rCzic^x
Niicaldb >ir wimcJLBo; pnixcjl jml fiLLaici raLb^ ^ r^ ^'fi-LhhnurarriK CM Ict a>an.bln inLlKic DrcLkjm|flb ccNpLiMa,
Cjkhi kpcix^cpab U:L^kaji< joLH-jfkn Scniicn i-jrvbabiuiliN , PnJinjbiD ^jdcbLj rxJ jtj LijiurikLum LcKirfnlLUD^
C J r^ T biLi^^irKiKL. C~ iJn:ubiia C Iiicicjjja.C ■iiikd^.C Lrr'xU.C H^rjNLEiKD C pnc^rjcilK.anJ C iimubca
Wildlife Values
Mahae emebt
Hcibagc fHKkxiDJ] y^j>:n fphm ^vf Ll> JiHKlcialc S jLuoicd ^oih bzi KiJurj 1 41:4 ciruri Nh i^'CMDck ^i^jn^^ Alciachnj]
ofli^jDk^ jkI ^Ltr^c^furrri ilr^dcriAg mty j^uil in LDBOuiftiEi 4kjniHl nl h} Czirrx ]Mj:d:ajjjnL bcBfj aLLCiNi>t4fi
cjLIk lvnLiJi|i nfihr^c c^bunclr nbj IL Li^rn munri »r^ n j prjLlLiI marufirBcrri BcLiioL] In r cnNhrTU ho n ^hin lie
hjri^mkigE r^^inie k jnjcL
Ad J A C E HT C q W W U Fi ITIE S
la\]D[iJ:LU JLl|H.cri 'A'^lcriEci Bclnk S^irpuc JLiiLt^ dur\ Iiicicj rp>. aiKJ C Jiuit t^njubua zinJ :Ld_tJccjl LliEnccN
ihlIiJc l^r^iumjflia ccNpiiifla jr>J JurKiu balinic coBmiiftiEi 4 Peh.c ]^t£6).
Cd HBERVATlfr H Ri^NE
GJK3
Bina H^ AuiH d t
31
CAREXLAE10CAnPA4El£NDER£n)GE)H€ibaceDUsV€getBtiDn
SnilARC^NN^yiTIES
Sfijnc LliUjTESd Hhn^ inLliJc S3 rxK 4kjnBJl i>l h} Cjr^A bjii^iuKa in Ihr Cajuit iL^hOLajja fhM luhcuLi^b ( Prct'c
l^^h ]1:LrKcn n :lL I^^) 4kic Nh^mibjiEi uhriaHJiiJE jr>J maju^cBcn ^'firK'cms Cajuit kinifiimu [cr>:Li4o OLCur
DJ] ■irtrnlhKiih ^liik Caiuic kui>L>ifj n mi^^ \>kcn fcruruinnn Di^^niL ujh; iHzirKcn d >L L9SK.].m.a 1^?^) Cajuit
tmubHimu Klzinik aiu jh^h ■lLhItlI is\z\K Caiek tuix^qia hibJid cvpc h^ JOJT>r 4.h»;rfkTi£ cjk lIjc Ll> j imjtj it^in id
maj£jsc»rrri uhra.m 4 Kdh-j thl. L9^~. H >ucn d al I9<>5>.
Rmice
Tb: C:l[?x tuiM^cfj ^'fi mHUJiEv 4^pc n LluiirJnl ^bhal^ IbEu^^oi^ the luMhcim hcniKfhcur.znibc ■^'^dcm Uninf
Scales I r,A BLJiihrly^ u^jscm WjNhjnfN^ n. Lk: Uina Murudaui 4>l Uri^b, mhJ Ica^cjn [4LiK] , ri hiutijbiHJ jmirijuf
IrlDjlaju Aid ID 4:crricLL VcUihiAjLDnc Nuhnjul Pait
BiviP-D y HEHTiNL Desciiftid y
Th: Caut^ tjNiKTLqia pbjl j^LUJ^iri uhn un^U^ Di>:upEi Inimcr tjkchaNUK ki r^j-ahj mkiBccI iKiivcr j-n rkii. j-nLhotx^
jrKi bikE nn:l uruam mjr^uK i^khih EiM^rllc zu'^xjjmitjL jo n fi I peal OrcdNHhruD^ 4 He uhmjnunri^ Lcuin ai fkuintjor
Lfujkiji|i mji% om lliil peal uirwiih TLk l^^^c ai »■ ^^n Dlcubc fiHJJvl jn iJlcjii>rd£jLc Nh n.k Cijk Thrsoit; aiu
LuiuDv fi r^ajiK '■^ ri K aLLumiibl uhm fi I n^J^c j^tu Tiin L;k|^ B4yphrjl^ an Bdu^firnhl ZLsJjht KjdphbjE r^^unc
•wkW yL3s-\?i\£ uiuiadcLl ra iL ll^euJe hajs m Lie rnu4 zodc aL jdbljttuqi- TLk c[>B[iuftif ciin ria kraic ;r^aT-bn£ fkind^
cfinJif JK
Veg etxt'd h PFSCFLirnoH
Cjrrx LhHi^^ip.i ^l.lllllnl^:-; ik: ^'fi mjnj nri v ^ch JQ-KF-t ci^^rT ]l Dfccn Inrnu b^i rKiciilur^N in kc\]^ m^j^va m
Mnstssa. CaiuA tAixubda JodC tinijKiu zic? Hhdca c hr ool} dIIctn^chin 'i^rih iiifli ^'fi mJzinLiK
Wildlife Values
OriccrN.b^vcr uidhil ^ cincs twti ^ jLcrfni^ I ll^c Llin iobriai [}pc fnrhuUiHf jikJ RhCLjj^n]j jr^JN \l k imj^irlajl
h^iri lb J rj pliiiii. drcr. ajKl elk DccriLsc Lbrcvpc fr>r£ji^un£ (Haucn d jL i^S]
Sjcce^oh
Mndroic LliiLiJ±UKC v,W\ idliehc Cjjei^ k^xuiLl^ Aiiliic hakhni^ ^nJauc^irinJ rL>±ii Sc^vc? dtriiiilKJJK'c (luriLjkin^
init^alcriAgl may kf'^cszln walcrlitit jrKi cjll^c Lb: Kric Ifi be lVi mii£jLi>l b} EVia pn4crtsK. P pj LlsLja. l^crri ih
J n^c Jim. OS A^ij^-jLa ^DlhoifcB
Mafiae EHEHT
DiE4i£ilri ^'CjrN nay maVc ED acccN^hk Lhh hcl k Lkhoicd l anH 'aU ^n^uig ziainub wlihih cixill cmKC JiiLi>l jehI
humjTKicky NHhiKnji BZLCHJrn Tb^c Nrin Ji^ ^cjktjI^ k\ w,zA 3\io pjuLliJc miy^ L;kj<^ of JECJEalihruliL^CN ckccj^
li<kjn^ Hf;L\^ LlnLiJ±ianrc nxbai fmm GRV luc j kiiikJ he j^'hhkIuI iKcaii^ Lh: fir^ajiK wDi >ie ibh^ Ll> luei^vrT
Tiam Bn haftca] ^laBZL^c Hi^jIi ^jLLrlihliN bzlLe hu inmg dilfijuk lu flr^ ^Tin brwc^l fiJi sLc^ :L<l_tJCEJl L[>
IV>LMlpbjrn 4kBLAarl Ncdgn of Ih^ LL aju r^NnJari Nhdama^ hj^fu^ ciu'cpl ^ hcur \l4 f\uc% j^nrioic Lh: peal ',oI\ ]l
\a.', nicn h^cn I he pthliL^ i^f bvl jnau^n Lnh^cip jrKi kill hca^'c rbi>.HKC IKe} cjn h< :l ■LiEjrKV Hi^^'c^'cr. h-r^~jmc
huvcT pphdix'c jLH-h Llrurjhb Juhriai jml pji^\ k\c jjun^ bcKfiLbl n4 r^j m fuuJ c rn , ri hcif i^jiHhvil Fjub j jijarBH
N^ciD iKcck z\> bri-lKc]} c\~ikuLcLi 4 H J rncjin ^L IIM^X
Ad J A C E BT C q W W U H ITIE S
Adpccn wdricr^ci Bjvhc LkhmirudcLl bv cibcrCaiuic iJriiutjLs C ai^JidLih nnrC nrfijssccinii cfi mmjnk^iN Dicr
Kin ma} be dn mimic l] hv [hiN^ luBp^ii i-upifiu. Adc mi^B caju.l^luia tlahr-ciKb i^r Aijuil^ baliLtK LDrnmuoiiiL
Adfjccn Lipbiiic cjnlrc Lkhmiru4cLl h^ \rlcjDbu cnJcjlal^.DT j mi:4 ;k L>f ^j^hoitr LHhmmunri h^^ (HarKcacL aL ]995|.
Cd HBEKVATlfr Fi F^NE
&HrD H^ AUT HD 1
3S-CJ7-ij; L WUIc
55
Cj>^fi0rUVOH4MlJDSE[X]E>HeibaceoLJsVsge1al]an
SmIIARC: NNLyiTIES
laUcjh C arcit l^ih> appcaii4.lKc]} c^bdcd Lorihr C ^tf u4 db uhmjminri^ 1^^ ^ili wlitti i n cojDoiDJily aiNHKBicd
(E^^ d jL I^^S^) I m-bKlcs M jLIkdbX I ]^Jm ) C LmiMa Ncn:^ ziml piuNzzc Llr^ji>rd br I k ccjua] fiDri hn n 4hf
Th: Caut^ hnwxa CDJumiifti} 1^\k d deri rtiiAcLl 4 hPKighvnri I he r>nrtkrm IcTnoplciu utbr wcucui Unricrl Slidn i k
J ■luhr^^^ m Lb: Ujnj ^ff1Llri Jiai 4>f Ul jk u:4Ai>:jscm ]Liibih. I kjMi^liHA rnuLb L>f Mihd^u , j nJ laccnrjl
YcILw<4fiJ>r NjLi^h] E^cL
&iviP.D y HEHTAL Desciiftid y
Thn cojnHLiBL} cvpc n jul^b^cJ v,4W pthm] twti hVc jmqjin^ Jid l^phLTiLI^ LirhrJjpK ob fbalinfi \>w LfjaVug BaiN [ri
ma^ iko LMJUirfin L^ ^rjLlEri infkiiAJ fijnLriEb'ii^ of j<i rxK 4hr b^^^ (Haucn d a] 14^5}. J J c^ ^c? tKUJ 1^ ^'crv
pihn riv drj incd wJk pcEitricrril^ uLuoicd '^ih '^twLi\m^ ^ jLcr in ^pnnn
Veg etxtid y Descflipton
C jr^x LrTHKa ci^hci cint^N fmm 20-90^ (Haucn l\ al ■■\H>5k Ib Morlaru Caiek LrimiLLa ajvl Mcji^Tid hri [JiroLiid:!
a Tz uhEnmon j^lioldI cd k j^chil
Wildlife Valu es
OlccrN b^vcr KaKlkjll4.DKi anH 'akc libwl lbc ri tm 4xi mjDunriy ri^pc i>r b^^m^ did farajBg ajuai ( MkLuiij] I41ti).
Sjcce^oh
Car^x ]imL>u k cojKikrrLl j dabk Uyn^ i^'CLl coBouiftiiKLjpc. ki^iVcvrT drwjdcriAg Jid BJ>NnfirnJ LlrcfUDpaikDn c F
Di^nx NHhih mj^ muh ■:! ^hid in ipcLn uhmpthNri una i±jc Ll> jn^i^hnjib} cxhk hi k j-rcc^ Dun ukcctuc jn ^pixiis
Mf h u C J r^it >Lp^ iln f Pjl]^[ n ^1 l^^U
Mabae EMEBT
Tkic Jriciaic gcoEialh ju -iKZ u Ll> pc^cbdr Bfis [^ pci Hhf I^ii^l>lL zind c^ccctii dju I wll
ApjACEBTCq nn\lh ITIE J
Adfjccn ^dccrsiL^ iuLkIc Lie htu^kajA pjLH.Airj h^Lal 4^^ fiT apcu lAucrr Ad_pLcil Llikri^yciti irv-Liilr cribcr
Lbr C:l[?a ujnubc J C JLfuiJlb C kuiM^rpa firchr ^u^u JciriiL^ h ^HjrncBcL jL 14^5}.
Cd HBEKtAnaii Rani
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S^nilAR C] NN'.HITIEf
I \\K \zi\fz spcinh ^ JN pc^viMKLiK LIeoj^ l\>}x C^iLTi muTuls wliE-tiiAAS uu-lxIcLi in marVf coBniLiaL^ cvpc JEima
Lhr^u^jhoLi [h: w,cii Wc uhw kii^^ chu C uThnjb^ kaJhcca oLHik njfrd u C jL«Jncj (GjiHEhc l^>S^) TLk b j
1A cD-iincuBcdcLl cuBoiJjfti ;k L>7-r HajKcacL jL I ]995) pbcc^ C^c^x u rvxiliLi^ C. vcmni^ zinil C aihEnxiEi riagn b^r
I lit; c^^J^■LlJ1[^ HK'^iJii iDribr fihlih^ in^itUdn Wji^kjnf^EL, Gje^ n , NcvjlLa, Lblu, Mud^u, '^';ri>Buig^ Uri^h , Nca
IfIcaeo. a ml Cfi ki rjLhh
BlVIP-P MHEHTAL DeSCIIFTID y
Tlin coBruLifti} k i^Li^pr^JLl Jl JTHhdcjalc Nh kj^k c k-^^ hn rn id lie mL4injin^ niul} zhc hw-ct^TU dji v^Biv^ \>WDm
^'HhkTini. pbun h ix'^iiJi in > 'i^uk \~iikJ^ i^f brvL^cjpr Kiluifu UH-ka."; in rurm*!^ l4hhn>Hl \alk^ Ihi^cdbk on
mcaiini^^ ^ccjfl ^ ir>B 4crcu'o; aj>J k LDBnu^ah ^uncuLcii ^ ih ^n:L^ zinJ KlnifikN 4 ha4 ka^v ^ikcii in IL cjnnK'^iJj la
dzinJiat; ^alcr^rDBKrin LiuL bccfimc r^bin'cty liry Lliiinii chr beer pari i>f Ic fjn^^ in^i NfLwa V^|t^ hmLNhm
£i»lhrrriNajE bn 4 l^d£d[ cL J L ]^tH4 : HaD j rxJ Haucn J^J97k ^Hih zir^ ^ kuiiOiLi ^^ HuE^nt^ MolHhh :lk\
\aLCfiwK\li anJ F-iliwih MKrjlKi^ii tiz gcDcnl} vciy oj^ok-jmiLcT rxbajiH otcn ka^v jb lOL^hrrri ktrik
cpij^^B r^iBLng ri 4 he iLij&'c Thnc Mih nu^ c^'cdLia]^ Itcldbc Htrinnb h■1c^^ of h: mmLnl^^ih jr^ flnc-
Lci^uc^ jr>J \awc h\^ ^ jJ cr iclilBg i^pacL^ Thr h^ih jr^ M^malc^l lo lie HJibLC 'i^'cLI uid lie NumBcr aid ri be
i^ricr4abt k \uiLs\bf •iL4\\\m2 fed ofcbr jur&cc hic idfi z\k ^nii'ii mg ^caifiJi 4 Cphwc jnJ Cbu&nrizrr h^7).
VeG ETXTID M DEBZRimCiH
CaruTi^rcubb l^pioil^ c^hbLi BfUKiipceifE LhhniirEinLL in I ka uhm munri^ i.vri k dcKC 4:ovcr Cjieic nduaiLEJKkr
C iinuibzL.C >Lpxi£iln and^^r Aibcil^ haltiii BziylK ahur>Jajl in IkK ipn-c^ pihn r^'fi mHLiJiEV Lriccifiyca
jcciiHulaln jr>J t*!^ ^pr4.t^^ ^~jn Q^Lablnk o n 4 hc^c or^ni. pcjiruKEl]} ^dujali>lfij uumLLcd kl^Ii Ttm e wliv
lAiIb'A^ ji^ ac^ty pcncri jn I hn uhmjminriv 4 H j rncjin ^L 1^^ Mauim^ and PulfidL I^S Cmwc ^ndCkiLanri^r
IW"!
Wildlife Values
Tiin CL^BQunJ ;k T^^i^n^ J \i>liok in JTCiiri aiun^ ia idcr4fjaLi^ ajKl aifjalH. hijLii la b^ii^l'i^^cT d cciinu E^
buvcT JclJ^EV bfiHrac^ukn uLbn connuifti} [} pc , a ml C^c^x Lirxulala k onz of I he n^l>:n Lkclr'LD puhnixr
nc^ K'-fbiMkd h^j^vr^jiib PjtjLabiLriv jppuD cd bz L^cTchin fihr4K]>rr^cLi^^ ^lh-I jn Cajuit niihrjNLEjnii f>rC
jLfiuLDK I}^l1^cI[ CI ^L l^^'S^'} C Jic:^ tAixuku j pji^vjik^ ^Tibuht br^ciii^ aiii tcdinfj uphjkL tr 'i^tuc rRh^ ] ziml
Nupc Cnhm nHhn ^vILhiA I hji^idN c^J-'iila^I hbLlhsik; Ki^ng spanihwi. and tiuc K\hiT] Ib^A^ ^c? nhoiniDBh HMcnLcd
1A ikLbn coBniLifti} (Cmi^r an:l ClnriJiEv^r tji^Tj
Sjcce^oh
C J r^ \ t^j^njtri J r,A'A Elr^piEzid n^chin Ihd ni-rciiph^ miTK ra I fi r^i r^aur mhiI; wikKfLwuItv kjgb i^ ric re jhkx TEu
cojnHLiJiE^ 4^phrjl^ L^Lnj^r^ ielciL]} Ebimnl p^kL^ zimi'Hhr^ECN innhrHlp^'cd if\ Lh^-gndhid ^ ie4b 4.ka nnck [e
\a.', hern oh^ir n cii 4 ha4 C LrinuLLa \ux hi^^run rr db Nric^ LkjL jj^ KrL^OKj]K fLhoiird ^'orEimu]l^ ■mifarrrl ncs
KmI dcejua^c^l nIlhk dcjKri^ h 4.>b ^'fibni/c ^rmajKdl^ flhOLlcdKie^ Dlcji4ku]^ N4h fmm Lb: fiiricrnlfc ^n ujIshI
lELcTJujjklup rihnc Nrio; aju niDiE LoukH.h'c z\> smucsxaiC •\irKuh\Aiknu^iKC TkK ipixi:^ k r^tiLAvl^ ^*S~
\rfcd twti mau^Auaikfmuamcc wJk \\^^\\ loH QioAeucE. coBnuikiEi tur M pol rnJ bI fihr4 bc^c %4a V; iojI moA^Liiu
dn.iri^i. l4 her ipn.c2 nxh a^ C~ rKtin^k^rKn L iimLib4:L L>r ]>m.kajnpNB Le^prioKi ma^f jepkuv C LrinLuhla
C ^fJ nn mji J mJ Pj^lj^ri 1^5}.
MAhAfi EHEHT
I bou^h C LrineutjLa pphJix'c^ tjr^e j nHHJJEi 4hf be^KJ^e e^'crv yi^w ri jppaierilK n re tiLAvty unjabu jbk Ifi Lh'csDel:.
CN^cull^ Vr ri BaLuc^ k ii a come Krdfje 'i^rih Jii^ili zmieudN i^f iiIkti ■ en taf Leik Th: dejKe JKL'i^'firk \>i
rhiiHhQicN aKi jimki pro^hJei exLcDiEi d cc^mhanl. nI ihHi^L »■
Ad J A ^ E NT C a n n u ft IT1E f
EccjLL^c <if Lkc w, lie ck^'jL i>h] ziml ijCD^rj pk£ J I dtri ctHi Jiij] ad|U'cd upbKl LDBnruari cs ^^a rjii^e Ijub ugctiiuck-
dcpj^ ji [he l>\hi^ rct\ al HhOT C CLC^l 4fi ZLdneiiL} fif jnhdzine ajEl uJ\j lpij>r 4xi nifrmLL^ IditjL Lj j<^ ^d|M.r[iJ dnrr
1A e4 bnd uhmjDunri h^ im.bi:le vj rxHis ia ilb'A uhouminri hi^ ziml ^c14cr^Le^ aelnk T}pka bujhhLb an:l ScirpiK aeuLL^
cojDHLiftir^ HaKcn c4 a] 1495}.
Cd HBERVATIC ft Ri^NE
CSS5
Eamp Hj AuTH D 1
l'HB-a]-ai^H Me^K^:v
57
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3nilAI.C] NNLMITIEf
Th: ^ ZLcrx ^'cm.3je9 ^'oqihlijie} cvpc k MmriiBCN jrKLuird ^ Jkjn4hr Cajuit tAixubd j IrnihnnHJil^ alkd Cjieic
murjLalcoBmiiBL^CKnnjLkjk J993 HjrncBnziL 1^^ HjII avl ]3:LrKcn l^"K Rcjwirn R^r brnpij^ aju LhjL C jj^it
murjLi ajKJ Cjju:^ hrihL^ra aiu wimdiBo; ljlUjiiiI if\ dA£ in^&h. Jiuy hhcm [ilixi>1 dzLuk Nkaiu NUDifar cc Dl>£jrj]
mfJLi^QLcnN , a nJ dzimk i^f CM.k ma} bnD a cojupLiA jnhuL of imal pal4.lci {KDVjthLL L^J. H^ucnd aL 1995,
ManruiQ jjkJ PjlIj^U 1495; Cm^v jkI CbucaLyc j 1947 H j IL >h] Hzirucji I497>. ^ff1^uf1lcn tuh^ c^^ r 4 ^ I ^n
cojDHLiJiLhii tiL ca^diK ^lEliDfunkiLl hv ri bcr mi^DiM j^^ ifhr ^aidc \bdcwin I J^t^ ) Nti7-dA uItlI lie Cjr^A hciu^ra
EiDH^iBEV uL\> pkam boxcil DBCo-LhhmiruiLC b) ollci^j^^hi^ \ucj EoLslcuc DcuhaBfi^u trcpcou an:l Caiuit
mz^Bitis Gib: ri-kuuifh: jLi>u lai'c mx ni^'fifiu^^Li \\\l.',c \\hsiic', i\s ha^c Ljh^lI llcjn 'i^rih ii^ hrr cojdhlibL} cvpu
Rmice
Car^A ^'CNEaiia n a mapT cnniHuiik} Evpc ^.vitLa wjilc^prr^J an^ IL n kii^^n fphm chr ln]ki'ALAg aiuai ccrf rjl tw^^
rwa}K3N4cnL OcE^L^B C k4h\~iLi]ik I9S7 Cphwc anJ CbLbni^r 1497}: ^ clb't^^fi r>r NjLi^h] E^cL j ml chci^ hciu in
iv[3lc m "^'^i^Bing 4 Mricin n I^JhU ^ L^in^bdil d jL L9^^1. UiHa Moud^im fi T LNzib f Pj^Ij^U d li L9^9l:mL>^ nf
MDJlaru ^Hjrncji a tl L9KKl.Lh: ECcjiry^ t^hcLbHjnHhf^s^cn Idain ( >4KiJ]^kiLMl d >L L9^S. Janlxi^^Vy-loKi
l^^l aad JKiAhim ]LtLhD I Jtinli^^^Lv-loKi 1497 Jaj]krihMk;K~Jki r>^ lui pirpj riii Jiijih. h-nLk k j:Ils fif Lk: CaxLailr
MDudzLuu LA V^^lnn^JlDD ^MjU^on I9S-1 Cphwc jnJ CbuLsnriv^r L'/J~l. jnJ Lh: ^iidKiir 4hf chr Seid NcvmL ^bhng
tbr C^Lifa mn-NcvAtb bthnJc i ( ^f:Lnu^^J jml E^^L I94S) TkrCzic^x ^'OiEaria cojdhlijie} n pjL^nhly cuuumhHhr?;!!
ID lIkI rtu hn n C ^fa£l WB I9&IX
&iviP.D y HEHTAL Desciiftidm
TbrC^c^x vnranj cfi mmjiiEV 4i-r^ijn ■ vciy ^v, gnd^in ziru] ^ kJc iAd Bi^Tuk^^i. fljHhdpkiLA^.huliK jml bjuil
D^QjDf^ Tbr Cjceic ^ c^iTJ ra 4:f>[iLJiiuni^ k jnhd 4:f>[iLmL>B}v fcojad Idk'iitlLcs, tot gkual} brjDcd Ld^t pcjKK
pukik^ Kili>l- la b^vcr j-n rxK 4hr j<ijkK ^Llibti^ n-4HJ LliQu.anJ DllcTckiNcd Lljanugc CL^ica^EhiN l>;]al4Mhn l9Bi
Iplanui]^ jrxJ E^^l J^J4^ Cph^c jml Ckujini?:cr ]497 JankdhMk^'-Jki r>^ |in pc^paialinnlX IL n jho jihjjeI oh poihctK
diauKLl ^hihc^Luc^ 4hl pihnik bikQ^ m^cn'^iim N^nnf^ o^'ciiL^ ^hauKh zinJ kI ccTimNkik zLLkniiL I l ctm:^ i^khih tiz
IkixJcii in 4 he ^pjir^j jml hah c Mzimlint; ^ jLl r L hrou^jii nnu nl Lb: MjmmcjfjPh^jn^ kcl^op ( ^ L^in^bhoi] d jL I4tt5;
K4h\-^Lkik J-^»$7 HjrncjinzLL I9KH I'sd^cM d ti Li^9. Jtinl^-^^L^-lonii^ Li^h^: iT ro^-c>id Chuc reyct Li^~.
Jaalxi^'^y-JojKN J997 JjJiLoh^Ly- ^ m^ lui piuparaLi^ph Th: ^priAg avl caiiv JummcT ^ alcr ilrpl k ^ jie2 frojD JIco
o^vriO LJD rDL4.AscijalL;K t\i cspiicBl} ^rug 4lmu^h ) bu djop; hv bic iLinmc r^i r blL jn Bfis ^r^Ei ( ^fa£Lll:■J1 l4Ri;
Ymjn^kiDd d ti I4H5; Kovatluk L9^~ Jaj]krihnk;K~Ji^i>=K Iid pr^paD^nnll Atcr^sLc Llikichr 'i^^ct Laht 4lrD jn
bcbw tbrnjr&cc fi^vrX cm [hnii^h^hc miIikujII^ jejoilai BnEd >■ ^'cj r^ M^Lm n I4H-L; tZnhnkkik I9S7) Tka
moBluc? fkui-iEido; pphmKiBCEii jmiLlknfi ajEl fitj^iiUJ of itcpcr muKrjl Joi] SdDijie lhuiLIk deep Tlbc-I cxIujel]
mjr>rcLL or oi^nL Nd^'-biBN 'i^ih hi^jh hhch j nt rroiLc r jcciihuIjI i^p j ml ^ al rr hn klinfj cajo^ri^
VeG ETXTID M DEaZRIFTCiH
SfCEEidrvcDk} ■ rrbirvcbK b'A id ri he Caiuit vciK^m nhoimuai^ Cjieic ^curjm b ^ t;Lrl;K ^khoiirad . ForBLiit;
dcKcUajKt 154(1 6D4.Bri2a iAJk-Hh4o«D^ co-^-cram] ICHKr cok j r>r^ fMaMNHhn ]<J»U Kov^khiL Li^7. Cio\yc aod
Cbu^ni^r 1497; balin^sV^'-Jopci |in pr^paEadhnnll Shji±i orliur ^pcLn tiz lajuh pjuicd ^ Eh KgL^bk coyer
Tb: LB[H>[4jm:c of fiLb: ruMC£jLi>l ^j^^ ex ^anis <hir4fi z\k ■fitriiiJE chicuic rtri l^ ic ^ ^rmajKrEl^ ilihmjcd \rr;LL^
NCASopaltv fkiotkLl} of c4Lk C J r^A ^'cnu^cb uanl (MjJ^Mhn I9S-1) Fi^r cu mpt. Lk: ^dccs pioNC of 4 he CaiuA
VLUTjm 4X1 mjminriv. 1A IciE hri^ulinf; ^alcrK ovci 3D4.B inzhc ipnnf, hk& Lnw Lln'cmri^ ajEl k LonpoKcdnhf mjin^
Care A ^'CNEaiB '■^ ri h b^ un cr of ulb: r ^j-rch^ mrh jit CzirrA u nnibl^ 4 M^cra n ]^t^ tZ4h\akl]ik I9S7) SLc^ ^ ih
k^uKpripg ^LajEliDf -imcr whbk ou} di^ finbK in Ihr faD ba^'c kjghrT cn^'crfi fCa r^A Hfj^ lIb ( Lun 4 tap 7'~-t uhvcramJ
23^i coa^An.y^v,kh h-i^ uhvcr of Dm-kajD^Nb ccipLnna CzitaBJfiPKl b ^Tiruik rn b. j ml Galum ^j^^ex (^faikop
l9Bi Cio^c ^mlCkiLuni^r 1497}. OlkiJ^^chiN auHKCucii '■^Eh CaiuK ^rc>:aru nn ',ic}k w, i h bhn^ pcrj>ik; of
N42ulin^ ^alcrinrLHt . MhiHtchm paliclir; CLru4hap llf-T covTT^ml^S^ cojz4jm.^h. ^muibalEuc I tu Liun
S'~r^'fi^'cr >plI 42^r copuajK~^ I.G^lcju bHhccTiLr; SjaqjaiiLiJD ipixEi4c g Spai^^num cmcoLUD, S curyi-ai^iB I.
^{^jjKrum fli^uLik ZL^jnii atf ud ltl. CaiuA uhrcnLlrj nhty^iiiB j j^^ e^ Phabm apimJjnu'^;! ajEl Ucrxiibna
Npcch^l^^aMMhn 191^ Kox-jLrhl. Li^~: H apica d aL I4H3: CmiA c ajil CIjucj]ev.c r Li^~. knknx^L^loKi I49S}.
I]cLI rr LiduiEd 'ric 'i^hi.kzLc? fkioitLl m ^pruifi biri i^zy jh^ibqiet aie co-4kiBLPalnJ by Dc^hsmj^a 4.i:^pifiNi< k^
Llan JZ^r covTT jml VS'd ^'fi mJ^m-jK) ^i A^Lci FofcacnK i^s.', chin J2'~r LOhciziml 23^* ^vi ml am.} ^ ^fa£L^OJ] L4H-L;
Konkkik ]9S7 Cph^c jmJ Ckiuinri^r J997X OiIcik^ch^ Lonmojik viwiccucd ^ Eh Caiuic \QurjrEi ■cb^c
dpiib btLhIt Oiur\ JKtm^cjKC ( kxi 4 hap ^Tr co\cr jmJ -LJ^l cojtrijm^h Cjre^ Hf La4iLr^ FpiLtuim ^al wpji
Atfc^Kra 4X1 rvmbnKL. C^Lum N^c hiN. C J mi^NB L^iajTuriii Mcplka zin ckr Scuxi^ ipixk^ aid l< hrn ( M jLIkop
|i^>K4.K(ix^khh: l4H7:E{ajKCPCl jI 1^^ Cphwc jmJ CbiAnri.^r 1497; Jajituh-^kr^iKK |jn pc^paialuhol}. Due lo
ki njjj^nhdi 4hf Ebodmg 4 he coy^t^iI mosm Li.lcrr; ziml lr'cnAf>aN a kw In LHhnJoKl Lbr gPTUul Dcrihcrbare or
dccf U4crf iMBLPga yc3i hycr\
Wil dlife Valu_ej
Tb: CacEic ^ lutj m uhouminri^ k Lonmoplv tuo^ kcJ h} cLLziml b^iok cipixbl}v ■ qlU ot hic njmmcT, \yhnNC
hDinx-mkvp]y 4.turn Lk: Mh J C M JL4KOP I9&i Ko^-jkhA. I4H7: H aKca cL j L ]495 ; Japtuhnky^Jki r>^ | la piupa rai^ nil
Gn^ylv lEa J J hnh larj^c fihrPhnLi Bchn cojdhli dev ( NiuLM a l4Ri}. l>:pcpdBg op i.va4cr k^'c h; Catz\ ^'CNLaria
hri^mk aiE imj<irlapL Iccdintjziul n^^Ln^j jr^j^ In r ^ al rifc*!! L nbzlIL JTCLQimak. ajEl l4 her hiid^ 4 Koh'jthil. L9^7.Cio\hi^
jmlCkujini^r I^ir97}. Ciuov. \^%a.3wa rr>L4 bjL^ bun a Llikk ^^lI '■^ hLli KlobilL^^N umk roi si iramkinkc an:l cj^alr^
clccf asrmv, clnnacli we h ovcrb n^jjn^ ^'o^vr In r fnk ^tZovakiiiL I^7.H:l[koji a jL L9SlfJ
I.ri4t b l.r>niA ■ afHHJ I Ltkutccnitci ru 1 4h ubh-^ fi rL]>r C^c^x ^'^raju ^'fi m munri y Thr Hhcitjinr fi FlIk 4ximjiiunri^ aiu
n J :^itit Ihn^Lrr^i L^mmuni^ jn ukI j.al i>1 h;K ^I^^P D^sI fr>rn]jLi^B nji JOJT>r ^ eci ^ Kd^'j k hil: l^JH^ Ksmzn c1 al
l^>SH) TiiLS ri A4ka±i(ijl Ikal UH:4.r^NHhn NhnkbrrC^c^x Npc4.>n. ia iLw/^i]^ Hhrnkb: r jiioJ^ fi r Eoje^ cojnHiiBLc^
i.vi]l HK*^!! J LiakhL^ z\k LvlIji^Ih^jt LL^odEhOEK 'i^ ki.ii pr^JTKiLc C J r^A h'^u^ra aiE jkcjud pHhrricajDpt. [f Ik pihnJin^ r,
c\un\T\j/kcc\ ajEl Lie wdcr4abk b'l^'ccnl h^ ikn bL ciu ri^ci. '■^'^ tj rxJ Lliainin^ lUBn^TiL i^f bcdhrT ziml [brLr4L m^. L>r
|]|lm^4hl ^ritimk 'Arih icduncoJ . Lh: KDib ^jlldrv prDJiKiLin^ C jj^it tk iLutu j SaLtsj^^n fir^^ Lli qidje Lliyjn^J
mciL In rh^ J ml 41 rajn»o Lh C >4KJJi44>kiL-J n :lL I^S K^i-jkhil: 1^4(7: HajKcn cL j L ]^5X ]f ijnrr phi^cN i^f Czlc^k
^uhTjra arc ^^^'c r^jiaycii. I k: ^'fi mjui nriv may nHh\c Lhh^ jjiI LVimjraDLC b^ juc^hr fcjtn Czlcek ncluau'crKn EViJ
pidcrKK rhatair; zlqj niliiucEa PUium pjalcru: 4hr l< hrr ^nmiiKi ji& ( Konkkjk ]^t£7,Cmi.vc aul CLlkhei^ct 1^7).
MAHAfi EHEHT
I \k ',cm^fc^m3l^:M\y ilhndcd dur\ ^'Oikana hri^mk aju rwiL imul} ^javcd 4hr Impjcl i>l h} en r?;ii »■ zinJ nkh: rwrc
Hnhwc^'cr jI lAribinik aju lIdukcI l^e fiBid iiiTchr k}'c1phb£i;K ol hcn^ kc j LcjeiI ^ uh-L ax r^ rTHh\~il of h< j^vr avl llcir
diBK) 4 he LL^mrnunriy '■^ il lI^j p^ j r^ H j rnra n aL I^S) L rrcuiiicl. tf4ja]K a^DiJ ckIiebcI^ -fl--^ nr^abi. Mhib Inri 4>n
Nrin lAiihih l1[^ by hie uunncr. gn^ug i^f CaruK ^rcjrjiu 4^n OLLur^ Ko^'j L: h^ ■■\4t~^: Cm*!!? ajKl CLiL^nEv^r I9*>7).
Cjrex ^'CNLaiB K jTHhdcjdc^ Ld bijjiiK pjbiabt >nd4.>n bz unporiarri in tuc Kuni mcE '■^ ben fiLk: i Ebajf^ ^ L^^u
j^^ibhk ]l A Bfire pahlabk lLjuCjcex Lrirxuhla aiii jtel^ \k Kckdcd fDrNJarKCJi ^ aL 1^^ : Hal jml Haatra
1^7) TIeoj^ [ br 4k rnc nhkI dICjieic ^Quiaju c^a^^ ^rjv in^; anJ [ rj mpLiAg 4L mage ^ H j rnca n aL I^^SH) Hhvciiuc
cjn liimjfc uiih ce^kirc Caiuit vciKTirB li>\cj twti fn\siHKC i\om\Ma-nzc h^ o^kii mcNL gnBiruhuk ajvl £iD?:Bg
L^kDiL hh±iiCKDh^Li]ik 1^7 Cji^^c aul C tHKai ?:cr ]947x Vl^oiesIc^I n^chin mrh l^ Dcu hanpiEL 4:nprii:iu wB
J h4> 4kc re j^c umJcT hi::L\ ;k sn^Bg 3kI kuc patutik ipccEi UH-kax Aijuil^ bHlhLU^ ^ ilL im re j^c ^ H j rnca n aL IV*J5 ;
HiIbhI Homkh l^~'\ E.v^MLa}\w ibc CDBOuibi) ma} cfinvcri Ifi Cac^x rKbiai^crnK ^rciwlL ^pcL>:^ ^Lkka.s
Fbkin ■urtdirBi'f^ Tbr uhouiiuni^ ihiHjll oiil \k ^luyrd Ifio k\v, k\z\uiz\k vr^jLi^acjn jul fjrKihon t.', a
Ni>limcil lUcE Cjieic ^ruiaju r^c Ursine id iE4LH.Bg ciimi^b ami :^abili^ m^ d ccTimhanl^ lIic Ld i^Mhd fDiBuit;
rhLHhmcN k n ah^ dI k^k ^ jbK fen^dbml lE^rg^jLi^aCHaKcacL jL 199^ H j]l ami Ha men J^J97 X T^ Cdiuit
^L^iTJiu ^ximHLinE^ 'A ilLKinDJily m be njmmcioi lalcbrn Lliy Flie 'i^lI rELhuc Lriccraml LBLJua^c pjiMkHJ^i;K
rDDC^vciL ^'cajN Hi^w^^'cr. if pud JXflhi aiu c\iy cmiLi^h llc^ will hum bnL amJ LDICarux ^'^raju rtu^DBi^ (Kfi^TLh-kjk
1 1^7. C ru^-c jm] ClHKbi?:cE ]^7 X
Ad J A C E HT C q W W U H ITIE S
ObkJu wJk kinjj pcnxLiHhfKlamlint; ^alcE JLlpLcri 'i^'^timJ ^'funHLiJiLhn tiz nrjri'f juje n4 j mk 4hf KCBi-Hf uc k
nicn ilhai in^ t2vi>l pbinJs Thc^c ^vi mjiujiE hn jm bi:lc \ki|-r^ijju^ JCLfiu In-l^a niBciilK ifaBmiib Cac^x
aLlKPiiLk^ GIvcc ra spc^ kc^ Rh^^jub spixic^ Spar^iBLiB ^pr^»r^ twti ULrinibiia NpcL>:N ^ \bdchxi n J^J^
KnhMkkjk ]^Jtf7 HajKCBcL jL J^H^X ^'brc? wjLce k^vh Lln^p in IjLl ujJDBcr a^iu'crri ^cUcruhmnunri h^ ma^ Ilmb
Dnrihc ^hthrelLiir brb^A Cajuit vuhrjra UH-kax ujmkHhl F~kL^kajA hc]tj ami hlfUKdiiB ancjnc (CinvF^aml
CbiLsnEV^T l^~\ ^,z\pA.-zM uhmjminEh^ i^BKrin ^knhdn in trie ujmmcE wik a simiL r^i rKL^Iri Ik flikE m[>Bluru
rrgiiDr Ji Car^A ^'ChhLTim. im LhIt Cjieic Lri nLuhla. PhibLrn J niiiiLnaLU EknK haiD palsJ m Cac^xaE^lik JLiuiui
ncv^ilrrtu^. C J rex b^KiLajja. jikJ Dr^himjflia ccn^Ll^u lMjLI^ub L9K4. Kd^'j k h^ ■■\4t~^: Haucn d a] IQHSiCm'AC
amlCbLUQi^r ]^J97 Jaj]krih\^ kj-Jb rKN |jn prepaid uhalV Nc iglbn nn^; ^'fi mjiij nE hn db^jxi mjr>rcLL mjI. jm LhIt Salu
N^chiN \)'fcii \c 2 SalixVEViJ pjalcnin} EVi puLis [ re mub hJn^'lilymiL^ ^Lixui. Wsmk ^pcLE^ Yot poicrnB
DQ^chimfi^Lj ^'^pEou- Ari ruam LHhc^HtHKa Cac^x JLfiuLilK-l^iN^ hanpiK ccipri4hN> Phkum aLfijnjJn-C'airx
■iLfiuLiln VaLLinmn ihx uk n j k/CabBa^iJi^^ b 4^n3ik n^ k jmJ Cjbimagmhrin ^jru^lcmn ^MaiL^on L9^. Kn^TLh-kik
li^'Jljrncj] d aL 1 9Klf . Jtial^^^l.^'-lDKi |in pjujacuhnnl I Ad_pLCJl Lliy LcEJW.r^ amlupbiiic jre ^■loricLl b^
AricmKB I lik naLa^Pfia ciahrku jmJ ^'fiJiEfcm UH-kax Fjnji uhrrinAa Pt'cii CBgcLnunnu Jid Abc^ tuk^^qia (MaLlKi^a
I^^JU-KflXTikhil: l-WTiCmTAcajKiCbiL^ni-oirlW?).
Cd HSEEVAHfr N R^NK
&?mfr BJAUTHD 1
l'^J^H^H^^/CHR[S MURPHY
53
COyWL&^niCaCRED-OElERDOGWOOD) Ehmbland
SmuakC^ HHuymES
rnmh^ trTh-T.i p; j ^-(1 mjDunri^ 4l:ijniju n LA NChrjs] auoLial i^u TLk LL>Bmiifti;K bi>\hi'c^'cr. beta [ hr slnxrunl
Ha^ nri ;k L^f 4 he irihcrl^j^^ E^rciumpk lie AhiK iDLau^fimK ^rx'^Ti twti CnhciiK icnc^Ti-S >fe sp I) J^^ fphm
Ncvjili 4 Maaning aid l^d^dc L'/JSl Tb: c^bdhnrnkip L>f 4 hii ^'fi miminE^ ^Llirihc Chhciuc ^nL^n-'l^ccu Lhjjd Ljotuqi
zLrtdC icn-o/i^Lum [nflMum L} pi:^ &DB Heal] >h] culcn Ubbn C ^ Min^kinl d jL L9^^ l^d^dL d al L9KV1 b
LiJirk^r
&iviP.D y HEHTAL Desciiftid y
Thn L^j^ A4^ph:jl^ adpLcri Nh ^luajn an:l in rr lIu nnrh. hJ i cjnnK'^ijp^ a Lih'c ni ;k ■=■' bnHfn rnu \l quv jppur
JN li^EKC iBcaibHiiic o n ziLin bI brriLlc^ ■ runuw ^~j h^^hek fi rhnxi^l [JitkEJ^ on ntimk avl ilh^LlptjirK fil rru^r
N^ccTimN ajvl rrvza ]l n\t) j h^h hk*^!! r o n ^ c 11-^ al ciud k J u bcl^w br>\ c i ^lairr; \}\m\ Lcuin^m-rc ha^r c^ ulrrKV 4hf
jRH^I i>r rKJTjnnul ftioLimg^Maaninji tm.i l^ulfiric Li/J^. HaJ jrKi liiKcn 1^^) S^ihol Lbn coBmiiki^ jr^
cbL^silhiLi 3.', iT\LCfi£K\hi hjl^nh; or hloUnhh "^ h: r^ k J q^ j r^ LktiIclI HKriK tic L^fchr h:4i\c ilhnLlptjin :l Lri[cr/4kiff
ti^cr2 inrh^ oi qioie Lkhrk rru^ JcciiHulal c ^rhcc kin/firn jr^ ^'fimpnrcd i^f > 'i^hJc an^ i\\ jIL^elI mricmb;
1.V J k Lci^ucn riin^in^ fniijD iJlv 4.b}^ 4fi ^aiiHy bam^ Tlcic byrn BziylK c^triivcl^ Kkj]ki'ii L>ra^4kcp a^ ^ C:cL
UiKlciljjn^ bL^ct 2[? 4 yp JTJ lly cuai?^ atwt^ ^rj^vh twti LuN^tN Ikjl bLilLi4c4hc m^vcBcd i^f acoccd gnKiJKl^ jLcr
tlimii^h I he NtiTnjc&cc b^cn ^iith ma} hr im^AaiL brllc kin^c^EVHhl dzLuk ^'al rr a^TLibhjlEv aagn Tufm kgk
1A b: r^ [ hE [} pc Lcuipr^ fbiMlpbun imjnrduLch :L<l_tJccn zo adh'c ^hau>rk co k\-iL i^n upper c^mc^c fLhodpL la ieci
MdM td ^rMl ^iIi^^lI Nihih nia> iM^JurC ^f2nu^4■ ziml E^g^ 1^5 H j II jh] H^eucji I9<>7; C runv jh5 CkucaLzEr 1^7^
Cdiheih-cuh biH&i <trnc , cLhNi>l ^^ranp} i^dcji cxckiJ irm LiJElmLDry ^hii±i aj>J hr±iaci>HJi ^pixcs CDiuaKcixca
n miuh [hrnhn]} Kj^^h^ i^ik \\^^\\ ci^vrT vikx^ ^kcl^b^c^I n^chin ^Tiry 'i^rih gcofjnphiL bLalHhnarKi ck-^rihnn.hiJ
cojnBOJit^ a^HKEiicLl ^hiii?s mckiJc Rdu ^nhd^u Rhu ^uJ^oDEinim ALcrfjbbniB. Sa]LK dti^ui. S kica aiii
CtniJib k^ulhzibfa BixHKCHhf riN 'i^uk dof^ a jie^ dncE?;!} of h: rbkccoLi^ kj^^h^ tiz auHKcucLi ^ EJichr;
CDJDHLiJiE} unul^ jn l>w mvcrlNfauiLiig Aid Pad^dc tia^S^ Hditrad aL l|^5; Hal^Eid Harnca Lji^T^ C rn'A'c dud
CbhBnyzcrl99T>.
WjLDLifE Values
Rrci-[M>rrdD^fKic1 pphvik^ RkicI ajKJ cd^'ctIht ouik deer qhmmc cLL UKLL^riji r;itt>ii luh^ihihr kjj^N. jrxJ nLsny
bnk T\k faiL^ aut tm unpihrlaEl hcukb^rlnod twti tiz altn Allien h^ Mhntri-iLiik;. jipkl^ e^i] pajliij^c ^iJchcnjL
LIL4A <hxL^.cro^N rrurc twti l< hrr jmrnmah I kc ^Lipg ilcnv, zindhar^ tiz cairn h^ lircrBkLC, mcaiin'ii ^'oti. jjkJ
ol kc J KB2 J jotk dN Rrd-oihrr4kgwL>ihd o±cn gm^As m lIcuc ri hi.LcLi hcLaucc of ris b^cng ahiLriv Tbnc Ik^kdN
pn^h eIc 2*k\c\ rnut-dccT Es'i^ninii ar>J rcjnn^ziccTU arKi r>:^liBg kjhEjL Tor nun} NHhntJ^Liik; iHnmcn d >L L'/JS. Cidvf^
Sjcce^oh
I ht; ^ ci>Kkikrc<l an c>i^ NrnlcojuouipL} 4^phrjl^ CDlnnLii^j Nrin jlI^cciL Ll> iliuajni Tkc hcinccMK CDvrr a
nicn ipanc. pnttuhlv 4kjc I4h4hc lItekc fi^'ccsJHhc^ Lajcp^ ajKl ic^b r fkioding. u'^iLiiinfi ^od dc j^iNri uhn The hMcr
fadHhrn pjulKih^ JEipi^utik R^r Jiurt aining c hn us a pcnedcd uhmnunriy \'ffc nn Ihc brKlN^Tipc The pnixcnrc nF
Lai Kliniw 4hr I [?n in uunc ujjkK mav luprcNcd situ-nici n 4fiiA >nl AIjil^ lU-aKJ RhpuLL^ 4 n-bxTiqia P LrunuL^Li^
^ anfuriifblu PLca c n^jclnupniL FS;ni:hKui^ ■cnzt^ii. nr dI her cojDoiJJBiiLi
Mahae EHEHT
Th: kcjho^couc hihrnj^L^ \~iiki ^ kIc]} ^nd ii bi^^l^ itpciKJcil onchc lVq^ev fi fLhr 4kig^ lhkI cj r>n p;k (C m^A c ajiH
CbLuoi^r ]947x I^alB^s tr rcLl-HKn do^fKid jakujhLil;K hhrln'^^HKk rjn]j^ fium L^ ( Manjiing nul PHl^dc
IWS Crowe a rkJ C bi^nri v^ r Li^~ I Ifi '^c cr^j m" 4 Ha rncjin nL IV95 Ha II jh5 Ha mcp Li^~ I. htri 4 hr ua nL^ nc? hhI cb
N4h 4k nic [hu zhcy ]imi gD?:ii]£ jn JTun} inxc, TIik CDBmiifti} diiLlihu m^ h ji-kL} firiA>;r^4fi pji^BfiLc sr^jm
hnhh. Kcd-osh: r4ki^ i>nd fihrniN4tn^c mvi wc\'aoAx Lkjl ujbdE^r ur^jntKjnL^ a^jjmJ hi cdI liiLu^j jekJ cniiicin^
proh j:Ii:£ fo^vr In [ hr fnrm <if Dhcrhin^in^brarKhr^ nnd bants >kI ihMkN lJu nich. c It^i n c^ mLMkniLLn^i cur^mc
NumjDcrlcBpcjaluj^ fLtdual hhek CE{a]l ami Hjrncji ■■\H^7k Do^wuhkI NpnTui h ifHHmLLsly jfccr ^ fEiE ajiH gcnnimdnn ai
k\ Nccd-Kinl. n N4LniLibc<l b^ iku (Cii>\^2[h1 CbtKnJ?:cr ]947x
Ad J A C E HT C q W W U Fi ITIE S
dccjLL^c nl Lh: ^ j:k gcnfjnphkL jaji^c r^rlkK l;rT^ LDEnmunAn^ a f Jil^cciL upbimk can be cdbiIcjl4u fL>[?^. a^pcn^
N>^bnKh-ucppc Aid puL^i^k-^iBipcr L;kj<^
Cd H be Kt ATlfr Fi Ri^NE
&HW[mf AtiTHDl
60
SmiiarC: NNLymES
Th: uhmjTuni^ k cuiL;k rucDgourdh} 4 he aKiKlaiLc iiif Duk hum 'i^hkii Dcrihcr rTH>[H»|-r<.LrE. L>rs gni.vii]g ^iviti
dJil^a Tcvi fiLb: rK|<vc^ C LJLiEik ajKl Mu^ty 1^5 Haucad al I4H&>.
F^HCE
M iDcr I ;K|^ u ^f^ rri J ru Idaini Or^^ha "^'aihB^fi n >kI j-nN^hl^ V^ jri^Qiiot;
& VIP.D Mfc^EHTAL DFf^llFTID y
I \k ^xi m mini^ ix*^!! r^ 4h\ cr miJ>rcLL u ih; Q?nKL^ peal firmiH-Lfin ajuai^had jie KSMhnaDv 4hr ^ rmajK n ly ilhndi^l
i.vJkNk9]b'A \¥jLct Ib j ^v, ptM.n [ ficuun jlI^cciL Lhh ^pkagrum \\ai iKuwfc IWI) In ZvlDriaoa LiiK CL^BOuifti;^
Dccun la itpiE!^ i>Ki] ^clbiih (Ijel^iceIIv ^LjcuI ^I k^t^ ) zinJ 4hn blic nuj^ui ( Ha mrn c1 al I^WKl
Ve6 etx tid h Descflipton
Tbr DuLliLijn ajuruiuaLcum ^vimHiinE^ 4^^ r^nf rjr^ ncciiiTEBCc zinJ poi>r^ Llr^crb^ ]]li]h:hum ziniJiilijncciiH
LjpuD} ficciir; ux j mo nr-LukiiiE 'i^rih fr^ hmluLlJ ^j^^t::^ Mnor jmixjjii i^fchr ] hzHhohirr; pali^ib C'ajuit
jLfiuLjIn C limojj orC kHccaija bzl^Ik pjuvrrri Tk: ^'funHUJiE^ 4»ccii[^fin iM^^niL Mjh fin bLr maj^uuzLul mav
OLLurnhD IiulI or ILidint; bjLi 4 H j rncjin :lL I^^SHX
Wildlife Values
InfnrmjLuB tuk ^viiLbLc
Sjcce^oh
DuhckiJB aumJinu'fuiD a uhEnhJciud j ilabt.bjif ]n i>l ^xudhlijiev rivpc hi^wc^vr. it^ al ciinfi ajKl HJ>Ki>f iciL
c1i>:4hm piK J !>■ of oi)^ nL wiih ma^ cnuh ■:! jhii lan^chin Lonpi^^ L ho n <hir In ■^udb b;K ^-^L^r K|-rc h^ oun
inLiEHC in ipixcs nirh J:^ Cj r^ Y Hf u4iLn
Mafia e eheht
Djl41£iIL ^jn ma} maVc EKCununci:^ ^ccoabk Lo holk^Bi^kL ajid vf^ ^arug ^oinab ia khrh chkiU cawc iiiLi>l
J ml kimjiHhrL} Mhibnn Bzic^rn Tk^c Kin ar^ ^ciKml^ k\ wd airin piuckiJc mo^ Ifl"^ of ieliesJ nul u^ci c:clcj<
Ad J A C E BT C q W W U B ITIE S
Tbr Dulchmn j niiilBJCEUB uhmiminiy 1^7^ fm{Licril} nLLun la j BnuH. of Biii r>nciilur^N lVi mjroicLl by Caiuit
aiifiDLilK.C jj^it tAiM-ukiia , dur\ Iiqhhj a miVa r S pki^iiiB k j^ch^ Adjircd upbnii^c? damisiLi^l b} nnEtn
Cd HBEKViNnaB R^MI
EPirPHiAUTHD 1
4T-a]HHSy Mih:] JantuhviLj^Jona
61
aHX:/A^A[SAUlfi7nG(COr4MOHSPIICERUSH)H€ibac£DusVeg€tBtiDn
SmiiarC: nnluities
Inuiinr csk^ z\k l.tnLlurn palfrirn ma^ be LDBJLKnJ ^aIL E mdclkuj c^pc^Bl} [f [ hr ^i^Lnm fi f^ muclbia aru
mK pm^cn nrmx nhvi:4K Bc^iie Df4hc ptaaJ^^ojc hJciLri^ A mKuk n il Jial i>a i.vi] ucTJuk laLb: wiuag LOEnrnuai^
L^pc ajKJ Lin iiu 4>a 'A k^h ri hE} occur aiu vciy diflcccd cc4>b£jr^U^
^tc^kaji^ jabfzrn k a fciJUBfi n ri^^ la Ca lEfoinEi. C[>l>rKJci Uhh? MnrriziEB , Ncvnria Dic^n. UCa h. WKhi[i^[>H,
V^^^hmint; aKi SaiLali-hd^Tin liucjiul^ i \ux \xzticUki\^M^\ liom cvcTy \¥cscm^aLc citrcfri ArLnfL^ul J^cvf
^lnAEU fBMir^cPhnj rxJ Fji^Iki^ ]^J^ . Auk rwi n d aL i^}\i\
BlVIP-D MHEHTAL DeSCIIFTID y
TIk fitoLJurn palfrirv; ccijnHLiJiE} c^pc k fiKiJiH jL h-i^ l^i bdiItciic ct\dHhn^ ^r>rcLL^ la't^ik b^ ^rjclEri
^>Lk;r^4hl jIL^hipc^ Sec^ >ic -fl--^ hL^irn ft>i>Jpbw. mcatk'ii^ ^ja^'clbaji ajKl tjkc cij^i \z k L^piLal} iriNrici
Lhii J re pr^K [o ^'CJii^ fLuLlLAg hhc j^nuc eI Nuiiacc i^ricr V^lcjc hrir^TirTU >ic pencil zhcy aic koifjca^ C~ ^nJ E
hriccTim L^pn Kt\~i4hnrn rjn^c liom I ZM Lf> Ji kt.'A ^.7CHh l^cL dcj^mlin]] on tricLuk ^HaKcad al l^5z M. inning
jmlE^gnl J99.'^ Cph^ c J r>J C biiiinri ^ r liW": li >L ziml Ha [KCB 1^7) Si^^Hhfciin cojnKiBL> [}pc ajc cb^ulcLi u
lFlD]lEmh, FriHhh HtriHhh twti lwtK\t\wx>\ Tc7iiuuc% arc vinaht jaji^B^ fphoiKrin LkjL jrc wcry coajv:- liagmc rt
ix b Nh HKh: n Ikal aic Liccp jr>J l]r>r-[c:uu[^l The ujiiKV biaualiv cilL inLM^^nhL BaiLcraji:! Lie lELcucuumLibcin
ma} hkji:l inci rxh hlH.1. fi r^aphr mLH.I.KDL TIk flncHcx4Liicii up^ r bi^mnhn^ n Hcnj fkc fphm ziLkn bI LJ^pL^^ L »■
S^mk-gnhck. jml cohhk^ LiuuD} ^vi ml riiric 4 he rruiDhcd} fil Llcc^m±t5urtjcc m jLciiak ^ Mauimg Jid Pad^dc
l^S riu-^amirkiuirJKTlWT-HaD^mlHarKcn I^W7j
Veg etxtid m Descriftqh
L:t4>Lkaji< pjLh^Ji< a >p jf^rcKiAV. ThLrfi malfiia k j^ch^ Ikal JKJiiy ciccLHkN aD o4 Ict k^chin fphoi oriabbha^ any
N^oiTkuri CL^vcT Ci^EnrnDP JhKL^Erin in Jii^^LuLi^ iecn iiKbit ^bj^^ujir; jcl^]k ^fcdha aj-L-crnc f^ijncK
crnpiL^ FLr^iclarn jcjnjbic Caics Lri nuLLi Gl}i.cju %f\\ ami PkabrK apinJinu'^^ C3aMJDC iecn Hf b^l ^pr^icx,
Nu:h 3.', Ilippiini vuLf^rK UlruitjLa ^ij]g>ni ajKl PcNzinio^LDP u4jrn ka^'c hjgh co^cr
Wildlife Values
Umai] TAMacr, fil LkK l;rT^ jLhn^KliramN rT,zr\ bVn zinJ nzxcj-L-ojn pm^uk \~iluhk feeding zinJ nuLuif jrcji br
i.vdcrtci'ii L fitciclurn pabfrirn jr>J a^^oLcalrd phrE^ >ic j vilubk mlip.c dC IhlmI zini] uhvcr fihc VF~jLciiL>wl Wibl
LiPfubLL^ ^cLi:iJD bm'i^^c LiiK kjbriai L}7-r4Lic l4> 4% b'A pabLahilEv{lljll ami Hjmcp Lii^T]
Sjcce^oh
F^I^LI M ti C L9^91 ^Li^rcl Ihd Ftfichirn p>b»zrn Lan c^pjcicd zincjilv ^ja]K^ch:N L>n pihrnk Jid ilJcaHbap^
lAbirc ^alcr A Ji Hhcjltohc Lb: ^icuml njcfacc V; ^Jl jLi^p ficcun o^'crcioic HKhrruhmjiiunri h^ nxh ai C^rux r^^iala
ma} [^pLcc e Hfi^iVcvcT, 4kic Nhchc cnnnJ lh^L uLuqiclI CDidEhnrn jnJ Llcatr ^nii'Ai h 4hf EkDcka ra jabfirn nrKV
fLMBnJ ^Izinik; a ppca i LlEfThLiil NhdKpbcc zldJ mj^ pcjinJ a^i-Enax ^v^jcJai djl IfiAricrkYek sibc. ScjrpiK ipp anH
T}pha liLifnlEL ma'^ he abk Nh njppkid F jaLiujK HaracpcL jL^ ]i\H^5h ^vc L4>Kncd LluL lIeLij±hilc can drjs hrj 11^
NkiH lie ^v^cJrinc CL^■pL^^ L JOB fi fLkK I ^j^ 4fi'i^TLnl LDLJca^ THhr B^Tidc J N^ch^ iLH-liax Hnhcdcum ^i:a£LiB
Mahae EMEBT
SoxohB} wc4 CL^idricirn jnJ ^vf ^thisb^y nf^]aK\am fis\v,lwik Lmri lie £in?:ii]£i ^tlLc of IkK \yfc 6?j Lvcucii-t
c-^ ca chinn^ droujiH \^:in ^lenupbid fihrj^c Llik^e^rl^ jr>J lIei baLl: ^ Koh'j Lrhil: L9^~l Secn c^'^upied b/ Lhn L}|-r
arc rivpra]h iniiitiicLl i>ral kju ^almalrd Ebi mixh Df4he }CjrKi> ai4o pn>.liJc m\M\ ilrvckpjnrri TrTimpLBfi
lLibzl^c jr>J MhilLiiirjim^^icciir; ccii^lih ^ Lb Lf^csoL^tKL an:l m>^ refill in a hkiH kii^anl bojc LlBnj±iajirc cokjait
N^chiN UH-k JN Ho niaijn _^i>alLijn , C J rcA K^ONi-CPin , zlehI Junew IkjIliic LH>J jjkI HaoKn I4*>7k
Ad J A C E BT C q W W U Fi ITIE S
DiK rio Lb: ^ j:Ic gco^Dpht l]rI rtu hnji 4hf clip L^i-r^fucd upbul uhoimuni lex jru varrd. irKliHng ihp±H:^cppc^
lALXiLlfajKl :Lnd4xinitmm Eojcu cvpr^ Mjscctk rifjran LDBDUipLn bzl^Ik 4kBLAalrdb} ZLncL^La]^ vnrvcl
■ihL^oilmcrE ol L}p::c inLliJui^ Lln.ikHKL^ In res l:LJNhji±i b^ ^hii±i zind he^KJCCMK CDBnunJk^
Cd H be P:V iN Tlfr Fi RaNI
EfllFD Hf AUTH D ■
?S-L2-tJb:.'H lliwcty
61
HHKHAPtSIDSIHIAR {BEAKED EPIKERUSK) Heib ac eo us Veg etalDO n
SmiiarC^ HHLymES
laM^iJ^ru Kaucn l\ al {14^51 Ijmj^ :lIL Lnhmbual uhnt fif ^ mudbLa anJ ^ paixifkua \s4i\ ar t~ pauiiEbia hibiai
t}pc lIjc Ll> luiLibLrth^ in cm iPhnBcrriziL L4hnJ[ hr-JK aj>J mauficBcrri 4xirK'crTU C4>NcrvdHhns la MiiiAaKJ by l^^hij
[ L^^]^ jnJralc 4 had rihc h jL-^cbzi uuculihaK dnl lh.1 . jjiH jJ ku£ pari aLb^ Lkcimupkik . uollkc ri he T. jauLjflhci
type In MiiDC caio;,[br Etficlurn nDuc]tjLa majKh^c ci^nijmJ i.vik E paloJiii cipixbD} if 4 he ul^LeuhhI F- PhdcLbdJ
jrc EH^ pjEicrri Hhriiri 4»tih jmK Re niiu i^frihc ptanJ i4nic dcriri^ A mAhJciljfud ci n wiELieiliI jnrihr 'i^mn^
cojnHLiJiri^4y^ zind^hc Kin on ^hLkchr^ iMJuiraiE i--zzy dJbiuiM i>:4hb£ra]l^
fitL^kaiK jl-^cILLi k a mjr>nr[^pc ia]LLaki^ MDJlaju ajiH Ycfc\hi^Diir Naibn] E^cL, W}i]iDLAg^ j nJ ULiy aciur m
^L^iiLJi^L^B Bii bh Cnhhimhu ajKl dI her pariK af W^ minf^
&\"P.D ■J'H EHTAL DeSCIIFTID y
I ht; Li>Hniuni^ k lEUJUlnlcD Lb: rma] j re jn [>raiEai wik :LLka]ir>r HhrijIiiiEHtLb ^uii. cipci-bD^ ai z\k wt^Mbcimcd]^
of iS; doliixJihn. Il a >bo lL4inJ amiiid L^klKpna^ in Llr^crl Lan^in^ ]l Lcuin in ulcjuHhrrianc ^TLLk;r^ 4 LcNiLa
l^^h) m wcl hoxuK aKi aiiiu'crri 4o N4r^jm^ rrvztr ami pDK^ (HaB^n d >L Lip^J^I Tka uhmmunri^ 4^pc n kii>^ n4fi
OLLur ID J ^~jrKi} crNHhih fr^jn juhl h c k 4kc p Di^^niL Ll> a]k>kj>: anJ 4.>L>ir4HJi £uDi. Lhh unnc VtCi ■uicial Mhik chu
J re direcl]} m ciiiElad ^ cii 4 hriaaL ^ jLcji \l nLLun inipjin^i FclI lAritauic 'i^hxli aru uLuqicl] 4 hnxighixri Ike \^jr
Dica 'ii ri h 'i^Tuc r aiJiniJifi Dhcrchr ^r^unJ ^urfjcc chmii^h I he s j rKk 4 \liKct} l^^'}
VeG EUT!D H DESCFLimCiH
I \k i^hinmiini^ ij jri Kiims Kai mo ooLuhLiiE^ an:l ma} arcuru ■ nfuikis^ mri.Di mj^ he m^iu op^a'Arik
cojKikrjhLr ajuas^il hiur loi], ^m^vL n^cL ajvl l^^ji ^ jLcr ^ Mi»c L:v I9*>5}. HaincBcL aL I ]945) ildc4hu B.
muc]biia LhhQLimcN a h-i^ 4kiN Ikaji 10 cjnl hirhcu'cnLL^ bi^r
W;Ln LIFE Value s
Tlin CDBmiifti^ n j mhjilc of gc^ca hhcijjc cjiiy urihc iprmn ar>J aLICKiK '■^ Lill[fir (nprcELEbK ^It sik^ dccrl
"fr^c rio^ I aho ucc LkM ^T^ C HajKCB clj L 1^5X
Bjcce^oh
Lri4 1 il Lmw, n abu^A Lbr nx'^'^^hn raL JyuinL^ 4hf [ hwt m m^uoriy '^P^-
MAFJAfi EHEHT
Tlin ooBmiifti} [}pr k I kjual tklJ b} dc^vkipBcd Hhfchrrmjl trzn Tow r^ci^ jJ i^a ( Lcshrj L^]l TIccjll^c ^ifLk: w,c\
DicauEuL^L: Eduju dJ Ike Nt±r^[a£c JoH dA£Li#>aiirc anJ grjvjn^ by ]nuJ4hrL k pmhobl^ OLimBal \zi 4cL[iLpki]f
dajio^ fiftbr VF^^i^^niL uih nf IkK a^MKEidcin Lcujn luadifK ^ i k aa;K I^ciIl^I. uLiIl^Li^b Lh^sDcl: may ^a/x
fiMa^ pLriN jn ri hii AiMCDtDH hJ ovci^n/ia^ 4.>n cjllk ^'fiJupciE hh raL chj n^i 4o Kf^^h^ of Lvf^ r pa bLahiLri^
(HaBcacI >L \^^}
An J Ji C EIT C q W W U MT1E J
Ad^curtupkad ldbqukIe^ tiz Dtcji u^cfuucii-dcp j-r nnr cl^qjTcphji fnrud l^pci Adjuicd rijamn cnnnLiBkEa
ma} be cfahmjmcd hv Cjieic %f\\ PKcnilb fiiAEUda , aid [h:M.k9inpNB ccipJnKU
Cd HBEKVATifr f^ Pane
EdIFD HJ AUTH D 1
3S-L2-2D/L Will
63
JlMiClGBUTKlSiBKLll^ PUSH) Heib ac eo us V€ g etalDon
3niiAI. C] NNLi^lTIEf
I ht; ■.i^HniLiaij III-; h^cD Lfiu n Lai L^rlv 4kilj>:Ll ajKl Ll^Lji>r<l h^ jtub} Mudic^ Lhrnu^jkiLri 4hr 'i^'^dcm U^i cd ScjLcx.
I hn appcajiriD be a lIeIeiiiIa'c cvpc Ktfichjrn fabfirn - Aimui IkjIliic jjkJ J bakhLitr- Cjitk niucu ^vijdhlijiL}
L^prj luhr l>rca Ll^cii>rd Fiub 4:cd aL ajKl ULribcn LirizLti ( Qmr^cphnj r>J ['n^cLint; L'/J4l,LkjL ma^ rrbucL] Ifi [l>r J
b^l hLiii uhmmuni^ l;rT^ dcicrtiu] Icie SjmibTlv. MaMNoaS; I J^J^J l^r^clamfiuj cnpcDU - Ajbcil^ balhLU^ fmm Lk
YcIL^N4nj>r PbcjLi K ii.li m J Kikhim
Rance
rk JunLtK bjkhiiL^ ^vimHLiJiE^ z\\\c \u^, l>rcn iViciiBcrricLl fn^Qicvci^ hriaic in Ik: ^e^cui UheclI Sirin w, ikcV
c±4.cpli>B fif Anzou Ll^L4ir^juB J ml tn]j^]k^ J9U . Mauung jh] PadfjiU I9!>5 , AndcBi^a d nL J^H^>
Tl]n7U|i}Erii 4', rjr^jc e ficuun ncariccfK m Bi^Tidih^ i. njKl n n nlin bl LcuaLi:;! Sur&cc [iiipiigcLphv iitEnD]l^ k^rlor
NHhrncLinir^ ujEhitu in^ fi r luoimK k^ ^^^> btKLnhm ^ hajaLlcmL l^ tiz CL^La]l^ dn civ: '■^ ri h '■^ ui b; jajigEDf Iiub vti^
runihw la ^'c rv bjiud ^nd ^rjLlEri^ fr^jn L^ [□ hiffh ^ I^lI^jcIc n nL l^^l:^ ]1nn^cji d >L LIt^J^. ^/lannug avl Faij^idri
I '3^J5. Cin\hi^ Aid CbucaLyc J li^^J'l TiiK c^jnamiE} cvpc LjpLal^ ficciir; fin fK-ICKlurcLl HJiiM-c Mih TcdLiJui
rTLOf^ fr^jD iJl if\ ukI^Lab Th: wjIcrLihk angcd fjuB^hc imiM-c Un.t 51h^m hcL^ z\k uiiiu'c. m:4.l^ hOJELlt^
h]lint;hcb^ L m hj^Lhr cid4hf[l>r niBmcr FjljrrudnJ j^^ibhk ^ al cr-lcUuig 4.>pjcL} clh^lI In^m Ih^ lo iii^jh
Sfuh; id^c Ikc n i.biTNrf'^ jn ZvlDlofih; I rH:c[ri i»k. jjkJ HELuih; ^hiL JEaiJuhn janjiQ^ Etdb KurjNfi mjkll} nLkaLr>r^
pH TXlLL^tt^hcE^lg^l cl aL Li^^.H^rucn d aL IW^ ^OaanLiit; nnd PhI^L I^S. Cphi.vc ajil CbiiuiE^T l^7x
VeG ETXTID y DEaZRIPTQH
BakhT hkEl doQiiruccN lie d^uk '■^ ri b cajEip^ CDhrT£ci>:rjl^ l^vtt 5D^^ .ikujII^ lii^bir Ciii^'crb} fiLk: r^rjjnunxt; n
LULuD} Lhw nhhiHJgli F^a pn4crKK appcaji4n be j ^vunn^in L^NHhTEUc fi^vr^bc rjn^c iiif LbrchE [}pc HiMdniB
|J\jLLjm hi.', higli LDBU JJK y in MthdjrEi ^an:L^ I Icje n j wj:Ic d^cnEV fi Pol Ic j ^DBLU^ik ajKl Rh±t& \w\h roinc
jndcxHKhT 4lu4 HK'^iir in JkimiL^ baluii^ ^Lan:L [JimLi^bniri 4% njn]j^ ^cj>mlL;K3l b^ un cr I }^l]^cJ4 n ^L I^^S^ H^ebcti
cL jL VK^ Mnniirm jfkI PidjiLI J-^^J^ :_ nuA = ajEl C'luBiikacT I^WT Wj]bnJrt jI J-W^X
Wildlife Values
Tiin L^ j^ prr-^dc^ c>i^ nluob i^Dtf^ Eb j ^.vitlEfc (H^EBcncri aL I94S}.
Sjcce^oh
Sfimc SLHlh^ sjLc LiKLfun'HK'j IL;k I kjL Lk: JunLW bjkhni^ ^'fi numinri y ly^ r, n l^'^dfick gdrug-KhnucI l^p^ic g ,
^x-cnJcji 19^9. Han^nd jL LI^J^. ^^annag avl P^lI^c Li^9.HnJajEl Han^n J9VT: C miA c avl Cbuc nkycr 1^7^
1A iiit 4K b^E?; brd^ ^ojT>r^iQi hriaijrm cioi majiv f>r Bfis ficcuiTEBCEi jie gd^ug inrhircLl fc ^ Pad^dc n nL \*^&^
V^jlbnl d aL L'/J'l Thrrr DCMkEKV Inrcbr beer \e^ Twiii N4nmk in ^vd ciL ]LlLlHh 4»cciir al iecn4Iu4 '^cu: ocvlj
jii:£i>ll>} Lh'cdDcl:. b^LAg pmLi>:4cd by in^LiiBniiri ahl: ^LdfbaKL flc^ ^'fi n j in cucjka'c KaT-JiNhniKijliJcn nf
JurKiii balLiic nnd hj^v ii^jjiifh: j n fajmrnixLir^j ( Jajik4h\ j ky-JbjK^ [DCIX. . LiajiJ^Lnbrd cbiA\ ^!4:flrri jLi^u in
Miiijlaru nnd chci^ hrir UKJLalc^lud J baliJiK ad^ jn an iBLJua^ rnod^hr imTidcT ficciiiTBfi D\cr j w,xic jaa^c i^f
cnh inoBmciLal CO n:lri Hhn^ IL cjn inrrcjNL a±c^lriLU^^c !■»?:■£■ i^BNrin OLLupcii \n 4hr Cajuit n£f>njN4:cn^n^
DuclanLfnu ^'cn^Ll^u C'ataBJfjPKl & ^TinKlc mb avl joKcJoty irihca. ]l k tm \SM.wzt.',csba.vabc ri kjN a hi^li
L[>kDKC i>rgn?:LAg Owcc CN^jbLnbrd J haliLtK 'i^lJ nuulain uhmjDunri^ 4l:ijnBJJK'c urE il ^kc cojiHriuhn^ aut
mdcalh 4.kaji£icd crilciLlimu^h t icvciu Jmp in '■^tuc i caht 4k p( li nr KnxL^k-kpfi ilhnLling iIlytikIcb L'^'J.]^jlI^4 d
j| J^JH^J HamrncLa] 1^5- M j nna^ ajiH had^idc L^^Sl
Ma h a g e ^ e h t
Giayin^ ^Tikic njlin^i^ t^r JurKii^ balkuc jjc miMknjLc hhrcsdck nod Ihw (CACc[ri inrihc ipim^ iaIcji occlI jni>lLiBl fnr
Nlccp-bniK^ milk lircr. ajEl c]k Juhlik bjkhnr; lor; ^4^11x11 iki^^Bi^ jk\ j 'i^eIc ccob^KTiL >Bp]kuJc ll a jb
cA4:cLkri u re jjiAkjuLl s jbifcc J 1A ri ll LlrPK ftiPHj^ pkH^ z\ai raK nn^ bind hi^mnhdnLIy jnribc Mil. Kri gm^A Nh t ^ucuici
dcfihihji itihir tkuMfmai^iiWi gnniirahEk \l \a.', h^h cjc-j ho n uhd rriJ pu^cdiiL I3ccjucc oi Is zcTo^aiv, raiuiz jnJ
rrbiAV^ b^ pjIjLihilE^ [■:■ l^r^LHKk [hn k^chin k vcn LBp^rijrE ux j MhJbmdir and ^n3^H^i£ri>ilLrcr
Pkidrng J balLiic P^^ mLh: fbiMl phjnnhfnnjrKncdlu n^mdjn]^ d r^j m ia il cnkajnu iHPklHiAl^ b} bialinj
NHhih jrKi [jappm^ Ncdjmcri I \lajinLAg Jid Pulfidc I^SX
Ad J A C E HT C q W W U H ITIE S
A^ wfciu^^^x cxp^ulcd wkl]3 ci^mnnjni^ dDJitHricd [>'FrT£br 'f^a^cm Unicd Stdn jnJ luving nJ Ltjs ^fh^K^RHt
ct\rihnrELl npgc.Lk: nd^LciL upL r>J jnJ npajian 4x1 numinE hn aju Lih'cnc U p kind 4x1 mjminE hn jaji^c fphm dcppc
jnd^knii-ucppc jL Lk: b^A cr ck^'jLi^u ria nlpinr 4x1 mmunE hn al I he hijjj>rr
Cd HBEKViNnail R^MI
EpiBfl HJ AUTl D 1
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3nihAI. C] NN'.HITIEf
Th: fKzt c n^c ImaanLii^iiirjiL^ Kcmua ^iziidhlijie^ iv\\c n iiiicn Iie44cc1 ua Firua^fimK ili^lhnjfcn |n^l CnhCTiK
Ncikcal ]ji MnnjrcL aul ]LtLho. Thl'^;! ^tjLH.> an:l ThL'CJ rn^Lnunnu h^iorxL^ >ie Li>BmoB 4^ik Linpint; hc^ h ipc4.n
LL^t^kTK piMJ KTiM H J IL jhJ HzLEUcj] 1^" H J mcB ^ J I J^J9^X HniA^\cr [rue? ^L^uic of Fj.ca ^birj zic? 4hf
CO EncivjLi^B cnjircm jd Uj ho jod ^kiLiU he Liuali^l wikin lie Fk^i ^tjLH.> a]lEinLC !■ UlziK^jml V^jihniint;
NHHJhiaflcn [daho >ru1 chc^A Icje ) c ch: r PLo jujificBi nnr Frca c n^lnuuiiL for li^nlc ) ma} ^mirucc '■^ e h ^ im itj r
LinHcDlory coBpix^ii^B 1 Lk aVi ^jojIejLq^ bimpug umk r PiLiiiiCDniJS :^fi ki nif: rj fi r C4hnit[7'CLMML^ Kcn.ca
(E^^l L\ al I4H4K ^HL'^TL cn^LnunoiJ n j h^h 4»ccjNHhrul} pjE^n lb EH^rntHiajn J t^ MxKa^ Mjil^ HLani-
Cdjuji ^HhLhnrfrcL. Po juIl^ CTh: kic j rpL^AhiL^ uicaKJ-CiiijiiL^ ^J4hk1 nd^ra^ nvpjiE Lnrkicaipu^ owav, :^<i ki nif: rii an:l
Pfijuli^ [ r^jTuki hHu^fi mil jLoLhn^cL. ajKJ ol hrr Coejilt dfi bjiiCirj [jpcsCCm'iic avl CbucjiEycT 1^7 H^oscji d >L
I^J^. Ko^'j k h^ 14*^^ K T\k Pkca cji^Iiiuuiiv'Clmmu Ncn.u I;r7^ wt pL-iih]} i utu-nici raL JiicjiDi>lEiic b^^ACCB
Cdjuji :^4hki nifrraXip^lLi m LiifhojiD ajKl Lk: ^Ubja }^j:Ea/Ga]LiB 4 niki niB ^ Yountj^lnnLl l\ al I4H5}. PLu
on^lmannj k akn ficcTiNihruI]} pjuicrri In Kunih i ^'funHiiJiE hin UH.iiu ALhic inLau-CoiHic N4fibj]iC:rj nhpubK
Lnrkicj rfi^AhiLS inuKJ-CoEJiL^ ^Ifi ki nJ: rii l^ptilr; LEJ.i>:iLaJ7^''ConLL^ d^ikijufirj avl l^piilic Ljujnub j:lu^fi ihk
N4fit>nitja JEu] HKhrr CnhniK ilL^lhoifcn l^fCN (Ciuwc ^ml Cbiuoi ^r I^^^T HajKcacLaL ]^5 , tZunkliik IW33.
Tb: PkLU cji^rb^nAiLiULMHic Ncii.u l;rT^ ^BclnkLl jn Prca^fiTrui^HhLhnital iij Jiujihr4^^ Ljei'a a fphm fsdcm
Idahii ^cscm W^'fimjDf ii^ribculcEj] '^'aihB^'fiJi {Okaao^a H qjhbidT, KovjlzhiL Lii^^} raha h^iul en C^je^ n
(BLc MoudzLUK Cph^c jnJ Cbuini^r li^T}, ^ff1JIaJ£J Ucaii.aji:! j-nKiJ?L;K Ci^Lcidi^
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LliuEiLmihEidELU S yBp bojiTJ jpiK jliui. L KiEL^a luieaLi. Ri±iuc paivilbn aEid Li^Phrcrj LA^'fiLH.Eada aie lmx^sujuI^
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bufoLb jje aLi^jndLnicN pcnrri 'i^rihbw uneE Ri±i 1pe4.cs n-kiKKs r hLfjhKri uner a b^ Conmop EoibN jIL
i.vJk k\', zhiTi JCrT eL^YTT [ hiKi^h Mjud LjncN Lonuam~^ ^rejLerLkjn 10^ .aie Aujcj ririora. ThabiLEum nLLj:leri>k,
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rh: Pi-ra eji^elnupoLiiCojuLi jejirc j ^'fi mmunriv 4^^ pjoh de^ ^LHhd ia inei [ hrrmj 1 4:4h\ eE fihr [tcr4 l^ pr4.blh ^ hric-
Laikd4kcr) heai ami cLk (Cro^-c jhJ CbtKEiri ^r li^tT Hauind li i^% Harnejin al J^H^X IJiadiiE»p KlL^^,
elk aEHlnkbir^ ikJLIe hcni^'se Lhn conmiipi^ jn Coehic Neri.ea a a4kNPe4l biagc CfiTriLi ',csccj aho L^^ej^n^
N4[?ami Inrmii^j hiding ami 4 heEBJ 1 4:4h\ eE RhrfDli TbrdnvEse Il^eesJ saHJuje pph\il^ hibriai aEid IhlkI fciNBall
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VE6 ETXTID M DEaZFLimON
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Ad J A C E HT C q W W U HITIE S
AdfJccTi i^riccTKin majKKuppcri Safe diummDadaniiC Jiuit tdiEubia C^cux u rxiibn. C n^fuuiln firC M-v^jHrj
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Liii:lcii;n:i'iii h ii 4.kajad crv:i>l b} miMlrrjLc Ll> Lirmc ^'o^'crHhf^ijajnHi^Lic NpcL>:N. im.li:liJi£i Cajuit KbriiNlic rnK. C
brufimu Ajjuik bal iLtK. Ekc-Lharn pj LuLji<. A^ji^^a ^DLhn^ci. Sc irfTuc ju n^ciK A^rup^m n je j^m >il1. in l>k
Idako sjr>J C NhcLinnLL ?4h±i cuhci e [vpEaD^ Kjanc I PjlI^4 d jL I^>S^). allL^igk EE^A^rum spp (K >r. cmr an:l
^ bch i^alumK^n lm:4.l^ djelLIik ^LLur jn luhlh'cl^ iii^l] uhvcr
Wildlife Value E
ScajKiiHhl Lhn comniLiaL} pji^vj:lc citccltry ^hciBziLaKl hKbr^j cn^'crtiTa whHc lun^ nf 'a lidlEfir k j-rch^ Salu cicjfuj
n rKirmaltv wl4 h hcivitv bjuvF^nJ jn L^hcr't^iL^ kj-tch^ Ruhrji^crHlcD LriiLizc Salu cici^uj brj^ i^ H^rsc n d jL
li^J^I
Sjcce
In JTHKl ^[Lu4hnrn Lhr SziLn cx^Ja/^fn c £iiaTnLM>i5 comnun^y KcouhJciucI >■ flirty UECcuE[ia]L}pc pihncciiii£|
atwti twti ^rj^vL bjJN.Ky i nay \k pcAEdcd ■^'crlaiD uuajircN Tiin l)-j< apj^iiE?; jn ^r>rcLNfi be 'i^'^lcrlkal HKhrr
S^Lu cALgLu \yj<ii ajiJ tbr cavin:ij][iicil k IlLcIvcd be sxhmtz £j^'4hrd:ik Nhrihr cujbLnhmcn fil rhiTHhrnaNKii ^rjmij>nj:b
[Padt^LI d >L |4>S9X
MAFiiNfi EHEBT
Tb: ifci^AjnrifiLL^ ^jaTnimjH CDh'crLA I kn 4:0m nruni^ iebjI^ m hi^ h ^oil- hn tlEii|i aiiH u rea mha nk Mabli^al En abili^
ShiHjli I he sjrKklreLDBc d rK rnnd'Dr gci^mg k^ek in: r^jNe , Liin lyj^ ■yjji be je^kuvd b^ lie SjIl< cxijjjjvToa
pidcntK eir ptK^bl^Lb: S CA^j^Wdjiien Lnhmnruid^
AdJ J.C EIT CU H H UHITIES
BczMisc E>f tic iAiEk ekratEiK] I ^radkri dvct wlichlkK Ijitouccud adiuvd upbjvl LDBouiftikieaa rjn^c fium
iit]^wiK^iic\\fc [CI CDJiifenTuc fDru^ aucL^b^uhm
Cd h be Kt ATifr Fi Rani
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75
STjHPtfii^CtmfitHARDSTB^ BULRUSH) Heib ac eo us Veg elation
lla^TncI >LU'>J^J ]3^ll>HJIIjrncBCl^7) jh5 KilcLd jL ( l^>W) ha^r j S^iqrucamuc hibioi L} j-ru chnr
cbu il Jial ihEK z\ai uilIiJc^ :l J CL^HtiBoJ i^ru n r Sc irpuc aLiiLL^ jrKi S ^'jktuc (=S I iticjiuc rrHhrrizini) LhK [■:■ ^iBikirth^
la cjivBthnBcdziLuhnJE JiiK aul jmu^mcjl cobcejik ^rju^ \aliii^ bHhHcBLiudcd jn a Ncpaialc alurKV ■chr
V^r^rn Rc^i^u] Vcgn jLI^b C tusiBrjLi^B ( BiTuq^jDJi ^nJ En^]kB£ ]9^^ Cat [ I9QS) 4lacrttc4] Iniir aucix Eid hn rn
1A Jk S aut^ir; jn I he Lhhmjmrri ^pc^ic^ S JciriLO- Vcji^kLa j rEL^a]lr^a(f u4 u^. S AuAu^]^mju %p S aoiu^-] ^m m
Np-^hkinim LluLTinurj aiii S zuiJtK-Tvpiu bdiblu Tic Scirpuc JciriiL^ z\\\c c\z'^sf>zd inlkK C~C~ \ cnLHhni pL^^:^
cmHJgh LDBpi^^L joju I twti ^JuuLiia] ^ jnal uhn Lhh inrLHlr CuLc^ ri^pci
ScajKli JiE Vm^wn fmm Die^ji. Wukin^i^a, Nc-L^4b , C^Lifn mb , kblni, Cnhki rjcto. aiKJ Miiijlaju
&iV'P.D Hfc* EHTAL Df?^ IIFTID y
ScarKL ill iht; ■.^^m^lLl■L\ L^pc Lcuir^Lhn^ [ hr B^c^jrn of j<i rxii. L kc^ aid luscrwiin i^mgcET paiaik Im^ kI iub Jid
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2jIHKi fm zo jJ liju (ijSIKi iczz TkK 1^^ filcD jntuhl.^ c^tuncL^ Llccp ia Jdcr. al liMifik Lb: ^alcrt^'cl bzlvIk diawn
Hl^wj] 4:f>uhHciahk 4 hiL4igk Lb: ^ru*!! mg ^ jwi n iH^OKn d jL 14^5 llj]l aid Hjrncji l^~\ Snhih jr^ ^'fi mjiKi nL;K
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JTZ pr^LhhmirurilK Utk^ w, hu-h jp^jrL^ hbcLnhr^t^cd hlh.!:^ LLvHhrsikv InniKDii ^ch kifjk ^vi rKvrri oi hn rn of
di>:4hm piKi>l ^mi pjrlE9]K 4kcojnpixKLl pbnJ jnucraNhd Hjuimukuc n^vr^iBC imm ajinu I dKhcu L \IL^elL atwt^
^n-L-chi ajvl CL^tbt^ ma^ tiB >■ liji:o ehhLmLI rd mjLnt iDchr ^Li>ujjiM.c hoji^i^u "A'ricr^abki trz gcncnl^ ai fiT
jbnnc Ike nhhiL imiKV ri hnxjgkL^A Lk: ^ju^ infjKcaiojL Si:ijl lE^iLihnj] Y^n:N fnhm [ii:tAia]LL> JiHhdcjalcL;K ^ IkaliiK {pH 7 D
taHA>XhjBt:nri >L l^-i Hal aod Hajsca J1M7>
\ftBFmiDM Descriftq N
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n4 ccTLEnhcird^ oroBchr ^ npb: rv 4hf poh^ jrKi ru^cn du^. I kc^ [vpra]K rKlriiiHHJ jno Lk ^ al l r Lolim n 4fi 2 m in
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CO rK4 aH.1 Hhn of I hrir \iM', ScclL^ nf S kuAuc jr^ CTUcjih^ n h jtkL^ fil bink "^ dcrti.^'i^ I rrana^rN otcn riccjnpL Lo
inLiuL^c zhc pn:i j<iJl i^a of S >LiJtK JublrhC co Typhi blSnla^ a Bcjrn of jmpm^ uit; kabcal lHnJar>J Haucn ]997t-
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S^iqiLn JciriLL^HKCiiph^ K\mc of 4 he ^AdLcu Kin ojicbr bjKbcjpc anH NhtoicN pni billed fkiiMlint; hcJcc re hia m\at
nfia j£j n uhouminri c^ Thc^c highh Nrimalcd ^'orvlriihm unipkd ^ iknn ci^jEjnLL^ Liruc ^ro*!!!}] Inrm nLkh^ Lhn
N^CKN Nh 4X1 kiJiLTC ^Lciai nn caii^ ux'^'cu ho ru I jL>^ and mjirrinm LinmnEinLr i>n LiiiinJurbc^l Krin jn I he c]inia:t
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jndT}pka bLjhhLn The ieuok In re br did rtu dh n I LbiNC ^pn.^^ n LlEffKiil l4hdi«:cm biA nunnr^haagn m '■^tuct
chcBE^iy oj njLml n^iftabiLri^ nay fa^i^rLk: cxpj n^ joji <i I otk ',j<itz', rwzr tmcAhzs ScaiojEil 4.Lnu4 h. LJun^i may
jhnh pbiv J juk jn d:LcrjDLun^ i^k^li ^j^^h^ ma^ Lhhmjroic j ^ir al a pariKubi pihuri mcimc (Mai jnJ Haucn ]^97x
Cok C Lip^J^l dEHJtK^ci ricrriaiA'c Jitujn^hii mL jubl ihn^hLfN of her Scirpuc aLiiLL^ [^ pr^
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a nd Koi cojKiri ihu drv. ]n Q^HK L ma} nukcucc of ScjrpiK amia Sfiih ar^ wd IknMi^kL^A Lb: ^ro^ \n^ ^aian jhI ■
cjNi]} dajna^d fphm [njmplBf b^ In'^lfick aixJ lAiUkfr Vcg^jLi^acan altn be Llinijgi>l b;K Ljamplint; TkK
coidhlibL} w, DIbum jn crihcr bLc hDaicTir^ ^prin^ il Lb: waLcrt^'ch \awc dnip^Ll BjfThrhrdl^ L^^Qscji d iL 1^^)
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l^t^aJHh^Vd MiKck}
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SmiiakC: HHiyymEJ
On Qun^ lECNTnjjj^ h^ciDph;rfh chia^icrv^N lie piKCJiul ulurj] ^'fi mjiujiEV iu'A'cvcr Tki^ plcala a th^ j bir
kcdI co-iln mnEirri 4hr4l:ijnBjn Kj^ch^ T^ik LhrThjfj p]hrjLa/L}^kLki4hnj mcrj.ajiL^ ^vimjnunriy b WBi^imci
ihlIiJu] 'ii[hBThj_p pl^jLa-TMJija hdcni pk^ IbL'l.^urhriLiJD ajDciEaiiiB t^n. [.^^Lhinhn jmcrj.anLi|.T^Li^
hdcm pk} Ib-'l-^^ j: hriLijn ainciEajiiB. j nJ Tui^ IcIrPhphyLla-l \vfi pLM.ria.'l.^^ h: hriii m ajT>rn.>iLiB b^ Jiomc JtAlciii
(Ul^4;n j| J^JH^i. KiJJi^^ ■■\r4-LK ^^hh hjrluiL^ a) rurujTHKLi twz LDBmiiftih:^ ^ hi.ii:Kki a mufli b^rico Lb:
Lliiscn[ri i^n Nurh a^T^fj pkTUJ-T^Li^ IcJ cphpin LWI.^^k hrinnn ajDcikajiiB livn. L^MLki^nj mcnrj rui| A^huid
Th: Thufj plhLTii j/[.^^L LLihB ZLmcTFTJ rui i»mrTTuniy r, kic^n fmm Uahn BrJiih C[>ljniML. GiEgfin. ¥^axl]i[itJ$[>H,
J ml pix^Nlth u:4Ab:jM Xii^ka 1 h^ UKidziL LDBmun i ^ L^j^ Bdn^uJ id wcJ BzirtinLC cIudjLc jnfLicKu] jcuax af
rtunhnu ]LtLhih twti i^a\Kuskzn\ ]$jiAKCDlimhEL4LlLyjg d >L L^^bl [[ EounJ rtrarLlc N^ah Pnhck C trj PA^cr Rh'c r
C^fDK■t^aKlWclLJH:^J99LU^JL■Lk ScLkiri: MiHinj irn j kij^j Lk: WL^JimtjlL^B J r>J C^laho bn nicr I ^c ILnrr I^^S^) Un
Lb: ^'cd ^c L>f4hc Ca^TJLlc Zv]L4injins ri '^ua \>wlc uibiivzly Lomm^m la Lb: LhwbjvL^ i\\ V^uiiintJlL^B (mrh l^ chr
F\i^ SfiLiid ImjgKh DjEgfin iKiia^^ Li?^! jr>J pjL4>abl^ BiiAti Ci^ljnibB f{i:i^c^cr Lhir4fi tifj^inf; ilrvcLpmciL
a£ii:ukLiiE jr>J ^ d tand 4ks ntd n n. i n jki*!^ JTiH.ii niur'iirih tw vnhl: ncuurrunLrj c^mjinug A ^iBikir
cojDHLiJiEV 4 ^ [ h J mncLl cojiit J ^TLUhp^ ) r, ^ho ^wo'a n fnhm MKrikcju Aluka ( Vri^cl: d al I9*>2}. [[ e jh^h LrKii.vB
|juB4br SLiDwjdcr V J It^ L^f m^ri h^o^c m Mthdziu
&iviP.D y HEHTAL Desciiftid M
Tb: Thj_tJ p]hrjL^[.y^hL hifi n ajncri_iHic ci:ijdhlijiL} e tuml uiAd. marine clmu4c LAil»:m:nJ h~j]k-^ IrcMDJia ^ul
kiiA cr jiHHJiisiD kL^n [[ r, IvutkI jL ki*!^ ck^~jLi>u Bcbr ScLirk MoudziiEK ziml N^ri K h'lMl. Ct^r^ al cr Ra'c r^ aPHxoH
5\X\\Ay ICHK1 m)jr>JLhh-AD4oNutx-cl4hnlL:coaiLCUl.^4!n2L I^^Sfh ^'c]lncr ]-^t^ MihNcI:^ j r^J ^ cIjk r L^^J J . Kuji;^
1^^^) Tb: mjriim^ mfliriLCLi 4.1imric hhI inlsKl mih^sd Ciich CnhLjittu ziml n^ah iilihih b ^ haEM:4crLrc<l h^
iivarjn. miny Numncn jr>J i.-f\W hcfr^ sru'iiEail ^ idcn T^p plKTua/L.^^kLkinhn jmLn.nnL^ t; r^^ndcLl Lhh poDil}
diauKLl 1^ ajnpN 4hr 'hih^' oji fkriMlpbuK IIiJ gmiiKl jr>J Llrpr^N2>0JK rKjrLhi^ £indh:n ^liramN NrcpN.Npjin^i.aji:l
pcH-kcd 'i^TiicT LabkN fUri^i^cl jL ]Slttfi, Kuruc ]9^X The wiih ■:i±cn kj^v kjgki:ii^[ik cniLcri (rmrkL^r \\ai'} will
mcdum Lhh ikliKi^i nJikili gtyng avl jmKlluifi ziml n^k^Yln. mihnJur^ rr^mciCc g JDBcrul m pk^) Fa]L:n4[?n
Lijcuncd PhnL ^AHk. jr>J NHhil jnHJJvt form hinmoLkc jh-n^v^hr urun4cLl DrKSXDuIh fkiDitLl wiiL Thr ^jLcTLahk
k\cl^TLrr^ frr>jn ^li^hl^ ahc^'cchc lajIsLiitirc z\> ^L^hl^lKb'A (Ucvj^ d aL I4H6; Kun/c 19^ X
Veg etxtid h DEaiRimciH
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a mcmiiiijjD} A dniDEmti>l b} cchrrTnj^a h^c n:!^^;^!^] c2D4fi 5Vi ^vi^vrl HhrT^p plhLTUJ (5 Ll> HXJ'~r uhvcrH ^nrc
l^^^] Thci-twLffy EnpcBCD Lk^d (CHKt ■:ir m^iu LD^rT) ^ml Luualiv 4:4hmj<iNi>l fi 1 1:!!^ nbzlIL dnmcLcT Ljeci ^eIi
DLca^hn mL bTfjc dU ^jj^^ Lii 4 [?^ aj>J ^i7ung4[?^ <Xb:r[r^cN NHhmcLimQ^ co-lVi mjrad . jm bi:lc y^zcj Kri4.bcjKD
[coaiLa]) ziml r*iu:\ gmmlK avl Wtmk Ji±in I lloxIzlL ajvl joKcJot utjmJX ThriE k i^dcp :l j hoJ^ t>;r^rri4h 13 m Lal^fif
^ aiyui^ c^^'c ruhm jHhNLd 4hl k^ch^ mrh u GplhpajuA bnTrxkic , Cfi ihk caiuLlcKn Vjccmumn^TLlrfnlmn McruE^a
rcuu^rK^. l^hj mjLis punku m. ajKl Spnu LlnugtjNi(jll ^ Lli hw ci:i^'c r) ( Ul ?:q; n :lL I^SO Kuel^c I^J^J OnLk:
cna^ C^dJ piuNhlv di^^rKi laLjkJ ) cdjdbdh ^j^cn jr^ Ujuhbcra NhaIbBCZD4fi 5DS^ m^'crl. V>rcLAum atk^l^cEBC
(t^i4haa24KT cuvn) Fliu ^pi>ijhLfii ^ k»; Ikaji LfX^L ^vi^vrl. ^^vri-BLUuLum ^wd Vjccmum paivjO^Lum (tZunrc
liiS^l Sbii±K[cmJ [L> gPhw ojidi:!^ ni>l Lhfj^zimi ^oD moumk The b:rbH:cnLL^ tajrr k lVi mjroicLl bv LvcElmjoi
jmcnrjjujn l^4fi ^LX'd ^'fi^vrl ^ch j dnrjic Lwrmhta^ fil Icrm ajvl a]lh^ hjlji l^ AJh^Tum flLu-fcBina Bt^hMiH
NphLTid G^BmhCjrpum dsyif jtciK Diyifficwik ^pi>.»c^ aid F^ncJum NpcL>:N lUcyjfi d al ■■\4t4: kun^ ■■\r4-L}. \
nwMH Ijj'c rsuBi^ imci uhvcE chc mjI. jiuedI^ c^mptKcdnhf Mourn ^j^^e^ Rki^^jnPLiB piiiLlriLijn jml Sphi^JiiB
N^ch:N fc 2 S pkjfHjm Mfj rn:iiLiJD aad J cu^ijrLiJJD. dp pLHhr^ rKic^H ULz|; cc oL l^Gthr V hrruck i:t aL Lji^Jj TbeccdFU
fu'A CL^Bmi^p ^jajDuu j:t; bolpIv j fcwCoc^x NpochiN 'Aih b'A covet
Wildlife Value E
Tki^ pli.al> LDBrTUPJEi pru^hJc tiqj^ jmiMiriN i^f lm>J cl^ytt twd •^lici bra vaix4 ;k ■^■J~'a lillEfir Tb:iLJ£}i 4kc r fecLl
Dj]Thj_tJ pbrjLi j>rcLlki amjriwj^ fi^vciJ hhcmc jmixjjiN In rujifrukiic k^ch^ k L^ ^^ajivlurd^ jLH.k jn Cb:draA-
b^-Lcd ckhrkMkcN ajKl gcNka'ALi u lJl:c 4>kl jj^\Ki] c ruc:^ fL>r In m^Bg. cnirr apd md m^ ^ Horacim oL IWSX
Bjcce^oh
Li4k EnfLMBai p:ij] fi n I he nutceu i>pa] <l} mm k^ DfTFup pkTua/L.^MLkiihP j mcj^ia nu ho\~iibbt Tlij_p
pbrjLL^I.j^Khrinn ajnrn_iiLL^ ( iBLljdmg T hj_tJ pJh:jLa- I ui^ Icl l Php h^ L^l-'I ^^Khrimn jmLiEaniBl a t -wzzy dU
pixc n elL juLuclI L^mmuni^ ]l m>^ or^ipalr fphm z\k ctw}^ Kcja] AIjil^ aihci^i^r Wtmk irKTiru ^[.^^l h ium
jmcThTjnjm coBmiipL^ (kuruir J^JO-l) In b:aihri^ ^kuki.ckjmil k^uifi of Ti[iLitir4:4>[iLmu[iJ ei pn^jmcci Tnj^a
hdc n:iphyIL oml ^iini> k^ckn dn muu rKv {V hrr^uk i:t il 19921
Mafia b_e h e_b j
Tbi^ pLdo aidTnj^a kiciuph^Ib arc highl} vikEd iHbcrLiE^:^ k^VF'c^'cr. Thjji pLiLJca c^pLnjn^ n rwiL ai
NurccN^fjl uThj£|j b:Lcji^ph^Ib Sici ^ippiha ing T hj_tJ p]hrjLa/[.}^kLki4hnj mcmanji h^j^ frDJU iii^jli^ pph^hxinc lo
77
nAixji piiHhrho^ llo'i^'c\^r Eon^ prr>LiH.lihn Rhrln'^NKk k ^vry \yA In aiUJi^B 4 he 'i^tuc i [ jhLc n kifik BZLLin^
ki^in^ nxL^I buikljr^j m-nizii hnial 4k^ rLhpjncnJ . o i kh c^l^I. ^jsy ir^j ini pnu ktlM Ucyjfj cl a] ■■\4t4. HajKcacL jI
I9KK. Haucn d aL l^^'} T hr jalurjLcd Hhc^Jihr KL^iuru ^'cn Jix'^'cp^ hi: zo LDBpaduhn an:l Jiulic [j^c ^mihhiihw
ha?^[d high. Thj_tJ plirjlL^L jr^hrhrinn iBcnLTinK jaiuh ka^ ^ ikJfLir^ ckiLi^hTlufj p]hL~jLa n ujlcc j< JiiLc Ic fiwz
mi^riziLiy lIic Lhh ri£Nka]b'i^ lurk ajvl pmk %yiicm OUciLjeci hzi'i^wcr ^~jn uir^i\r iku damj^c Nhluk
AdJ ace H~C q n n U H ITIE S
Id rKink klrih.^ .iiiiN-;ixrikcau BnnkCfiLHtib TliJ_tJ plirjl L^l.^^hrhrifi n iBcnLTinK k adiuvrri if\ sLfilril} LirrT
cojDHLiJiE hiN 'i^hi-k £jll Hlnh J 'i^iz ( fkii^JptuK cifj Tu H ^~j It^ holcDJiii) [D muhT C4ocib pcs ) ^jaJkcri Fmm vfzi rin
mciiL. cojnHLiJiE hiN jrKhKic TliJ_p pli.al k-TNU£i> biLcjuph^fc^fi nui ^ ihic j^liLfuncJujD arLVEUc Tlufj
phial L^E4fj it: Lum zirvcuc.Thjp pLi.idaX>pLpj rax iKiTn:him TliJ_tJ p]hrjL^AJ hjrTuni fllL<-fcBiru: Tkip plcata-
TiLi^ kcl cphpin Ul'1%l±ht; pan jILe^Ai h^ium fllL^-fcmiru: j ml TiiJ_p plirjl L^Adu niiB ^LbdujD fUcvig d a] I^F^
V^cbiJ L9^9. Ml^^cI:} zinJ 'A'cllj>rr 19*^ I}. Oik: i :uJ_pcciL v,a cfimHLiJiEhiN aiu npanaa ^h.Iijn ^'jnouc Ncdgc-uoJ^
Nkjiit 4hi \lTiVk iiion LDBmunir^ iBLlulin^ AIjel^ ahci^Hhr \lniK UK'jru^l ^shrhrimn ajncn.>Hjm ^Kuru^r J^J9-L)
Tiiip ph.ala.'l.^^ hriiEO n zimc nrj ni^ th^ \Mcz^niic, ^ ri k ^hii±ilM: r^vi mHUJiE hin UH.ku Tlup plhLTUJ- 1 ^li^
hdc mpk}]b.Ouj] kcju skj Iki n'l.^urhriLiJD >BcnL>HjmJSpha^ njjD ipixE^. TIu|l plhLTi£j/^]nji Hi^Ea-CnhciiK
N4n t- n[fi: rj.L^^EliELiB >BcnL>Hjm- S nubu iru N4cltuj Tuj^a hdcni pk} lb.' ^^vri-iJLjrQiLiK'l-yc jrhriiiB amcruHJH^
J ml fui^ kcl cphpin Lb-Tlup pkTUjVVjLLjnum NpcL>:hL'l y^hihrion iBcriL^Eum ( VriuLl: d jL 1^1. Kmirc 199:1).
AdfJccrE upbii^ jrutKUjIly fnr^hriK of linrrLDBmuni^ L^J^^ Lkhmiru4cLl h^ TKU^a hdcroph}]^ TIu|l pLiLica drcr
L}pLs Ahhi^ finiiir^ twti ]\nHkl^u]ja oicji/hi^ii
Cd h be kv iN Tia ■ Rihp:
G4QS2
E^nwwj AnTH D 1
l9<]IM2-CWyClira Miiifh^
71
TrrWAfATffDU^lBROADLEAFCATTAILt HeibaceausVegetBtiDn
Sn iiAR C« N N ^ y mEf
Tlin ciiiJDHLiJiEV HK'fun ID MihdzLU , Cfi brjiSih New ^fcxEL^ "^'jri^Bintf - l^Lik^ ^ul NcbcKl^
& V.P.D Mfc^EHTAL DeS^IIFTID y
I ht; cobhilibL^ t; lixirKi jkiri^ n4 r^j mi. itvcs , aod ri be baok [>f paKli. Tic nolIk uLuoird arftHidi^l tir rnurtiDf Ihc
y^r \i tKUjIly las j higboj^nk cdjech.
Veg etxtid y DE^RmaH
mdcn T tjLjfnLB caa feinn [true dzimk jn pbiccN jlrm^^L Lhh I he ciuLuEin i>f fiL h: r^ j^^ h^ Ohrr^j^cn LjpulDf
iiVdbndc aiE fMinJ la Iikcct j mLXJUi id [ he cojdhlibL} Am^Bg^hr^c aut Carrx Npp jr>J Sciqpuc Npp
W kP Lif E Va LU ES
T^pka bufDlia k aD Bpuriziry jouct'c 4hf kLjlIc hiliotj cfivcr jr>J i:Hhd R^r '■^ lUUfr V^jcciib^ Iwc Ihji4y^ d?w TK%\m^
J ml hLimg4:4h\rr pji^.iird chr ^aiiic jr^ m:^ cod ctmc TLk I^^ e :l i-rt u^L uuh.c dC ouljn]^ cil^'c rziu] nnauiD^
co^vr fc J ^Lih^ -JKTuJu] Aid lud- wid^cl] bLcUujiL^ (HarKracl :lL ]^W).
Sjcce^oh
Tj^ha bLjfihLB A t pnhlLfhL ^u] prDiijLCT jmJ cdLu^^n cicpihNcd mincnL uJw4 mici iemIiI^ CfimHUJiEhiN aju sjbLc
i.vkrn \hinLcr r^jBi^ r^maiD £jir^ h\^ albmgb Lh: Kf^chi^ can^otrjlr j^nKL^ fil drnj^tri (Harncnci :lL I^^RK
Mahae EHEHT
S<iJDc LL^uuk J T} pka biibfa Ll> h< cdd ag^juiNn'c bim^ LawdkiDJ iesIooiod prn^dft ^MriKh and Gouctul: I9|J3^
bi>_aLiNC Df riK abiUiKLL^ fihrnidcinc mL^UMulucn
ApjACEKTCq nnUMTIEJ
Carrx ipp jrKi S^irpiL^ spp uhmjninri ici cfi mnia nif dlluc k j ±i^
Cd HSEEVAHfr n Rahw:
EdIFD HJ AUTH D 1
7?
Appendix E -Site Descriptions
BO
1 Ambnrsc Fci
B2
2 Airicc Crcct __
E4
3 GljcKr £ lous h
S6
4 Grceg Creek Fci _ _ _
5 Hidden Liikc BnJdn ic^ Spccinl 1 ru^re?! Arcd
- - «8
S9
fi Lii7y Creek Fci __
91
7 Lcri CrcetFcrui
93
S MiilLyLakc
95
9 PLumCreetFcii---
97
10 Porc u pine Crect Complex ___
98
1 I
1 1 Swji River DcJla_
12 Sw4iD R iver Rewjrtli NJnial Area
|j Coadoa Ciect Bciijn iclJ SpeccJ Iqiciuh Aicj___
LOO
L02
LOil
M FldlicL^I RncrE-J^d-^
15 Gljc'KJ7\^iJii]J.JL);etLJeConiple;t _
H>6
HB
16 Lewii Meadow
17 Mccjtc Meiiikvft' Complex:
L LO
L L^
IS y\md Ltite
13 NjftiCreekFcn---
2fl Nonh Etiiko Creek Fci
21 PoinL PleiKinl Fen _
LL3
L L5
LL7
L L8
22 Siiadav Crcek BtiLran
23 Waids- Bej^'er- Rjiilw^ LatcCcwnpfcs
L20
L22
24 WcoHi-^^urJ Meinkiv.-^
25 Bear ?,x^ Meaikvw
L24
L26
26 Bliuchtiid Ljkc _ _
27 BowenCrrctFeii
L27
L29
2S Cn-^aJFen
2? P^xhiJfci MkmIow -
L-10
L3 1
30 Logua Creek Mc4jdm^
31 Lower [_£!£> CiKtBrtlim___
L33
L34
32 Njiie[rule Fci _ _ _
33 Koiind Meiiikvft'- McjdCT.^ Lake
L35
L37
34 £tifc HtirixjrMiijyh
35 SlicpjMr^] Crcct Fea
36 StuakMemkvw __
37 ^trnih Etiito Creek Fei
[39
L4I
L4^
L4J
3g Swifl Ciect McjdtJT.^
39 Wh itefbili Spracc Swamp P re^erL e
40 Blasdel Wjlerfnwl PrtdutlKJi ^rea
41 BtxijuLt McudtJi^Ti
42 Egaa Skju J h
43 Gcxid Creek Mi3D>h-
L44
L45
L47
L49
L5 1
L53
44 GccdCreekTribuLtiR'
45 Lake House Mcjdtjw
L51
L55
46 McT^ciic^tif S k^gli
47 PoinL of Recta __ _
L56
L57
4S KilHeaburg Mcjdow
49 Saiilfc UiteWdcrfowlPniJiclKHi Aiea
L58
L59
50 5<iuce7er Meinkvft'^ __
51 Upp:r\Ve^FLJit.Lafy Creek---
52 VaaLtikc
53 Wolf Cieel: Skwgh
54 Weeds, Lake
L6I
L63
164
L65
L67
1 AmbR>se Fen
Ldcatmh
AETibruM: Ftaislnc^fd la I hL' 4iJlLiVEj pbi n r^mic^ hv [ he Ftii hmd R]vtr J aiiJL'sC!^ kai? nnnli of [ he non h shorL'
of Fbhcad biii: in hl^Iiwch^ii] Nf^^rutikJ LinJ2 nilcs^J km ) "4:^1 h ol Llielowiol Ci«on NOTE Th l^ l^ j pnvijtc
wdbsd, aul lundcn^ ELcr peruiL'SttLia is nei^dL'^J Lo ul^chs Lliis ul [^
RjCHNES
Am buisi: l-L^n ]k^ ijH lie: VJJ liL".id VaJky and ls a mtKJK. of ^'rt ^jwucl" J Plcl^ -q^j fiifCH ^jubcair^ a»do[Kft
ftns. Dctp 4iDd ^haJkiw fxx^biof^'aii^rcicciiTinfdlchcsili^^Li^cd Ibdt [he p:4itljnd b fomicJ tibui'i: and air^u nd
sprin^'^ The "^^ i:r Hti«iu<: L^aic:^ Likely 4 [ic: kdlk Likes fiivftd in [he nilLing gLicEded upLiuls Lo [ he ejd
(Le^sLt] \9^) Thb fea-LtuT compJe^ h^liiLh is one of Llie Ijr^L^fd p^J Lind't wl"4 oI Llie Com menial Divide in
Montana, Hvpfoils a d iverscy iif pLaH eoniniu n il ks Tliere 4IK Lwo wet sprnce Fiife?! emnnnmljes Llie Hff uee^f leld
horsrJdi] ( Picc^i^q u mfln m an'ens: Mnd spmcc^ku nke^bboge (Piee^VL>?iiehEon dmerKLinnni) commiiil ics. The fi^nner
Ls dominLiccd by spruce aMl p^iper hiiuti l Bet u b jxjpynfera? tiul il hLJS ti djverx: nnderdoiy Th l^ fiifCH ixeiis on
Ll]cnmihe4ri aMl'^cd mdeof[he'4e.The IlII er "q^njce 4 > [e Lsnueh'^d4er4han[hc FotvKr i\md Lsfii«ftd Ixkiw
Llie big ■iprinj'i Jnd cK tier wet JTCiK Lcskj U 9*^ 3 dew-ntcs < wi> Lyjx^ iif cam-c^dJ urn liH lie sil e bc^
bi iLli^wi^er "^ge ^ BeJ iti nanL^dre:^ ^nLi iIeiJ aftd \xj^ tntrh/BiiNK tmk(Bc1nLi ntihi^JiK us tuh eils>
eonmu n II les. NeiL her pLiri Lc^niicEd urn }il£i heen de^nb.'^l forN^i^UnLi Bcith aic damiKHed h}' bn^^ hirch npto I 540
2m[tJL ^^herLLitr^-omnmrniiesjlthesiledrethe \x:^ tntL hMznder ^\lge ^ Bctib ■aaoCjre:^ Ltstix-LitpiO Lind h.^
biicli/licakcd s[:dge IBetnLi Kjna^are^ ■! tjl u IlIlij amni u n lUes. Tlie fei etmniu n il y t1 1 he see ls nv^re ofcn aMl \s
euffifKJsal of L^x) ptinl cimmnnjl ks LliLic hj>e le^ ^^ eLI-dei elop.'d nhru b 4.ompii*ents. Lesiea U ^^^-5 Mesrnhi^s t hesi: as
Llieliog bin.]] A^ucr s[:dge jnd hiig biKh/ldid^eni tnlntsh ( Bl1 nLi ntimi/Eeitpns tiL uLns? enrnmiii les. siniiJjr
vcgrtairai has b^en de^nbcd forPineErttcFcnlLciLej l^6i_ Tlie Ixjg birtli LsgenerjLly leHilhjn Urn tail The
pH ]■ tie LiM 2 commin J Lcs ^viis measured li 7 J and LiecondurtLvily was 520 nS.^en Tlie bj£ bireh^^ er nedjc
eunniumly in 4 tie fen differs fioni Llndc in I he ^.l^ct hc^'au'te I tie fen ^.omniiiiy is doKiinai ed by a Im^ cover of b::^
biiLh "thru bhy ejH|ieloiL 4 Peni jphylkitJ L^s fkinbu nd j^ aftd hcxin' wiLlo^{Sii]i\e4indjdii^ wil[iL^giound4.o>?rof
bcdked spikerviti LHLeixliaris Jo^eLlLicai Biitun m^ ned^e (Carc\ hn:^]unmij> inLind s[:dge LCjre^ inierxif ^ uhI
"^^ er ned^e. Tlie c^irr liieks sliTiJ bby c inqnefmL 4ind treated spikenjsl]. J n 4 tie bKJ^ hjiuh^'hLiid4 em bnLnjsh commiiiy.
haid'^em buLnjs[iisdomin4inl in ^umc areas, oilen ^Lirin^ 4k>niLntiH.e "^ lIIi bv: jked spi ketimh
Key Env iflo n m EHia l Fa c tp re
I [lednMn^ fLiiLkif ^y Ambnis^ Fen is Llie livdrology of tlie hKc Annnti[ V4in:1 ion in pKcipiliikiieiin ptiy ti kitge
Rik in 4.cunpi>tC ion and » njLl ire L^ piiini amniu niljes in I he p^Lic bnd Nnnen^usd^LxJ h.^ biiLli h^ er^ ob^^n'ed near
tliceadem ed^c of I he fen. 4ind 4icecml ing to 4 tie Liftdi>wner^ t hey alL dcd d nnng Llie Hvnmer iif L9^7^ when 4 tie
"^^eridcltie fen wl£i ver>- li igh aJI tinnier d u e to i?4.oid HMV^'falL I he prev lous winter. T h is h i^li w Jler ^iffurenl l>
inRucKed conimnn il y eimfXisilKi* tis ^?IL bccL^usi: d u nn^ Kiy sjle vlsiI I ni^JLed Heverd differences hel^ven ny
obfiCR'n ions a»d LcsKi3^l]^^_5?D:jminiiiydesen|KL(jns Rh exuniple- 1 he spniLe/TiclJ ior^KtaiL 4.ominiiiy Jl t he
"^e^em ed^eol Llience htid tii underlotv'dominLiced by WLler [lOESd Ji] ( Eqiisi:^ in flnvulik ? "^lIIi veT> liLJe
TkU horxlail WLicer lu^Esd Ji] fin'ors wetLer ciiwlE kuis t hLii Ikid hordajl.and lI's fxus^ihJe 4 hai VrHcr
horsi^jdi] b^eaine donuijnL dinig aftd lolloping the summer of 1^7 In 4idd il un. woler ned^e w^tsncx veT> commi>n in
Llic fei. despil e IS 4ip]X3renL domi ntinee Ll 4 imes in I he pLi:^. Tlie ^et l^nd eonimnnjl ks t1 1 he see htiv e appurenLly
resjxuided qnjie tupidly Lot-lun^esin the h>'d n^L^:^ le legivK
RjMirrf
Li addLtitm to being one of Llie br^erfens !■ Llie IJeitnd svpfKHlin^ u divers: anay of fmitind eomnuniies
AmbRis: Fen LiL^^ lioHS J nimbcr iif QiTT pbM [DpaLiKifts. Pjk si^ge 4 C jk^ Livjdj^ pix^r si^ge 4 Cdre:^
p^iiperLnij^ >eJk)w IlxJ > ^ slipper (Cypripcdiin c^eoLus v purF ill^tinj^ be^iLed spikenjsl] ^ EJe^ichans
rmellLdd). t u [ted elnb-rnsl] C Eeitpns eespjlosusj^ jnd fldl- leaved Middcrwon lULnenLauL^ inlermed iljJ all ticcir
inltie f>[Miijnd 4ind jre ^eieriJIy re^l rjd ed 4o b^ieiiJ niies Lliiuu^ [lout 4 [leir tun^e Kidiey- Le4iycd vxibJ (Vnti
ren ifoliii) cic4.nis in I he wet sptvce lore^ai Lliesjie Tlie nee ab:) hjs 4in u.cntTen4.e l^I [le ^LobulLy rjre
spniee^ku n k e^bb^e Dimimii J > . wtiKh LsLirgeLind iifaideondiULm
Qthek Values
T [le owieis repjtl liL^vin^seen miivnlJin Lions^ gri/?J> l^su mrxx^'.and wtitett JL deer usin^ 4 tie welbnd Tn
addiLon rirefliesiiceirLnlhefen
Ttic ^itt IS pnvacl> m^ncd tud g rLiiol bycdcit SninL' hinnvickLn^ iif 4 [ic "^^il "^u rfLf ■: d pics[:i]l tirmndchc
mLir^jKS. Ctii jdt] tliiH Lc LC]i\jin LAfL-L^n^ h pnckLy Jd4 «ll' l Sluh. h u*^ sfp ^ bu LM [ll4 Ji: ICirMU m viilf^ircj,
hou nd^L^gUL' LCvnogluHhUEn iif fLcioaJL^^ and bill L'r^h^CL't 4 ^tiniin d u IcaMiajij} Ji? alL |Tfcs[:i]l d I hi: sue. finnanly
inltic'^d "f pruLi: f^)r» . l:s]v<:eiJI> when: gnazing h^ts cxx u rrfd B]l4cmv^ft fiinns fturiy deksc [^c hcs ( ufi lo JC^
cox'crj in Mjmc "^piis. R<:cd mi jr>ii ^J^K ^ Phiddas Jiu nd lrlkl^O is liL^j !*_"**:■< Lcllicfcn but it docs oti en rrcnLly
fofin lur^L' domjKjnL , imiHil> [lu: i^^ods 4is E Jucb jl ^^mL' l:4 hLT JMKS.
T [i^ su m^uiidjig kiods Ji Llii: VLj|][^y jr: [mi^Jy bcin^imod for j^ciluJI u rjl pui]x>tL"f S4ai ■: Hi£[LW4iy ^^ wliicl] W4K
n:i:ci]ll> widcocd JK^s'^uhii] 1*^ [ndtuf [hce4rii:nLi:d£col LliL'fci Honmo^ dcvckifWKiil htisnccincdajDundsonc
of Lin: tctLlc LiiL^ L'lH iiH lie hLshi^m'-
Ihfq FLMAiw h Needs
A Ix'iLlt u ndcpd jnd ing of LliL' liydiolr^v of [ he "^e l^ ■L'cded co l'H'^u re [ hLi IhL'si^nLllcjiil pcjlJjnd rc^mn-CSLi
Llic sJe aie pRUeanl
Ma m s em ehtHeeps
Mdnloriig cf tilt lecd cjoaiyf Riss Ls oecdcd Ln dd tnnint jf 4 [le fXJfiiiLJLon d ]k reiKing and lI jI LliL^fL^lofL' pivtcs
t] tbimt Eo 4 [ii: LQicgnl > nf Ihcsitt A'^'Cfd nanj^eincnL fiLin is uls:) ic^i^d 4o miairnj^ Lin: Hffu^ of "^cliHs in I hL'
spruce fbm.
&£n entO c c u^RE^f c e ■n"h> ^m a no n
P H.L\L \L^''^^I "J *"J-J u II 1 .Ln jnv nv.s.
Gi
SJ
Picca sp'lvsn. h Nil* Lii>L:riLLLiin Jocl"^
G2
S2
Rctukigl.hndukx^k'LLLru^ uLnLukHLL\hinbkLMl
G4''
S4
l^ct u ki g 1 jnd u kxi^VL^Liu^ k^.k^LLq'^i^hjubkiftd
G4
S4
PL^itLnd
Z
Z
CLlfL^K ll^ Ldtl
G5
S-1
C'jizc^ pjupcrcuki
G5
S3
S3
2 AiriiceCmek
Ldcatmh
Sac k^^ cd ii* Aru ICC CKL'k tihiivl 6 aiilL's uifl h of Oli]c> Ji nort[LWL"4 MonUna
RjCHHES
Thts law J rtk^JciiL (.rcct bi:i[orn "^ils iJi a £liiL uLly fonnL^I vj]]c^' in Ant icc Creek The w^tJi lt houiul" fcM^I lie mLc
tipficiarH [^ Ix ^u cfLiPLi: fli^y tin J ^ iinj nilihiier fi^mi Ari ILL' C n^rk uftd tc^^li^ LIil' lx£f of S4 r^'ktr
Ridgc Tlic *iil L" bi cxjmjxw-^ ijJ j div^zr-j." urrjy of cxmiminjl lc*i_ incliid in j jn cjiLcqmvc^'cI ^piuccfracs t^lIIqw
bhTctnin^ ■Eifsl] , '>kifi[L£ fci , jnd jq ud Lc bed comrnnii il ks. ^ ^pnccyikJd liordml L Ficci ^[i /E4|iet[:4 in LjrL'i:n'4:j
cuffiETiu n il y c:c4. u pic^ iDiiH iif 4 [ic fkxxJ pLun of ^iil ill' Cun^Il £ fincc domioLii l' 4 [ic ovcnloT> "^ ill] ^liIiuJitielc firC^lnre
iLfiurcdr^? occLiiniig oa liumnu-k aiiccivtccs. 4ifid 4 [ic ll^cHiii^ly dj^L^rsi: undcrliHy b 4kmLnt1cd b> fitld
horsi^jdi] CLo^r [o 4 ht CKi:k b J Imirnrni^d's wi]k>w/lK^kcd »zJgt C SuJi;^ dnj rnimiftdELiiLi^ ■! CKuLiL^j cimniu n iLy^
vy\L\^k ■"> d L'-TtJ.'d L^d h}">injlJ cbjn n?bi foruicJ by wLxcr backed up b}' old bcLiycrdair[S.ThL' hc^n'i^rdLJEnyapp.'areJLobv:
oldoDd u nniLiirutiincd C n^Lny hi^ been pun itilly trfu^^tiali. T h? wi Ikm (^oinnu aily inccrgi^iJcs we h d ai^inl] LomnLiaLly
domjftiiL'd h}' bii^knl'^'d^c.Tli^r^L^n^si^vi^Ril^rnjLI [KxiLsuHMiciLiccJ'^Lll][hc<K'4irn[ht1 "iupjioimquidc ic pljnL
cimniu n il jl:4> doaiinLiccJ by € [miij "qx On 4 [ic wc^ sidi: of 4 [ic ^il ■: d I hL' lu^a: of ^ r> kcr R id^c^ 4IK »=vi:niJ "^ijnig
rtns-Tlicsi: fL^n'^ure rnml> domio^cd h}' t] "^L^nd^zr si^dgi: ICarr^ bhKXLirpLi) coEnrnunjl > . aJl [lou^Il 4 iriol ^pnu.L' uod
b::^ hjiuti L BlIuJli ^l.hnd u k>^hUxLur4 licxnjgliLnjI j^ do l]LKir>"MlJo^ ^ ^u c^ikdiJa? ^ n.'ca-L.'ckd Lc:44on£Eus
(EnopbiHurn v irid iLLin nLi u ni^^ ><:Jh)w "^^d]^^ yCaici llavd)^ SpliL^auai sp ^ tud aliE^r rniiHSi^fi
Key &yjHJ WW EHi a l Fa c "TCire
Tbc ckkf fatofs H ruLl inig Llii: VL'^ddtwi comnu n iLks d LIil' sec lut liydiulog^ , gcuEnorptiokjf^ LkjwgiudLctf
creek bixcorn) tud bc4i^'cra:liv]l>
RARnr
A jiopnLiKi* of gKL'n- kccLnl ciUcon^ RiUi cxx u r^ ]■ Lilt fci d Ikbiscc Tktre W4K uIhct ti ]x:«>]tTt ^il iig of lj l:og
Jcnmiig (SyntifiGnys biifcaJEiH u nn^ 4 [ic TkU invi^oior^
THER Va LUES
CuTirnLJy LliL^fL' El kn^gis^ occimn^ is tkr sffii:^ ccnnnu aity 1 rnnicd idcEy do^^n^rcun Froin tliis 4c , sd wkiLc net
cccumig inchc^c kiggin^ cxmLd ixcir in 4 [ic ^pncc forL"^ on I kL' sUl' Ji LIil' fucnic Tliis \jl l' ha^ fL^^
c\iil Lcs. jII hi«gk LiLkxs of icixl cmmjyf rau> ( PhtitmH anj nd iftiiCL'^ij wlic Icnul in [ he "^ ilkm comnu aily. WtiLlr
cincnily m^ "^ LddfTfcid d tkt iicc J [lis in Yiobivc sprcioi cm spicud j^f restively tud mjd> jxx^ ultirfd Lotlic
E)tt tvcri LmJI>
L> LANDS
Lcf^inf iind rcxxj-tnild ing ha^cccunv^l Ji LIil' upLiDd'> imn^LiH iLiccl> c^td jod wch ofltiLssuc
Ihfc RMAiwH Needs
A LkofDUf h niifi4LC invcnior^' ciKulvd LiH Jinng [ he g rDwiEL^ M.'^iMja Land occ dinig tlic fall tis ^v^t^ Lliis ]i]vtn[ory 1
L'lELCcdcd fiif [ h L^ ^iLl' b.'CJU'v IliL' Hcc "^u p[nris pdcBlEd htibati fbrumnbtrDf nrt plia! ^pccif^ A nvrvey of
L}ie'>ilc fof hiig k'ninuig'^ L^i ai^Li iiL'cdL'^I
Ma ha g em ehtHeeds
Ari> fui u re [ iii]th.T liLirL'L"^ in 4 tie v Lcimly of L h l'> sil t sticHikJ dl niii iinu n L'riipk>y 4ic jrn'>jdL' nan j^cin[:i]l /4i*i:b«ffcis
tifonnd 4 [ic Am iiM C rcL'k ^vt bod^ Scum: kjTFCd in^ iif 4 [ic "^d '^pmt.L'fom do^oilicurn fn^m Lli i'> Ml l' k js occuned;
hcin^cvLTj [ic inLLxJ uftd c\4cKsivc ^jod of Hff ucc^f ii:ld kiHHJ-lLiLl ai Ll]j'> "^il L' stumLd Ik' ieu-IwIliH ^^illLin I lie
"^ledramJ D RJi j^cvKiil /ii*L' hu ffcr for^ny fnl ire liL^rL-c^.
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P H.L\L *ifi''L\j u t4_T u m .ir^i: nsL" rjji:*fl
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Cj\rc\ Li^JiiLLirpti fcL^rtiii^iJU^ ^ cgdLC KHi
G5
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Cj\rc^ HKJriLi hcrlxt L^ju*i ^ L'^M.i Km
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SLiLi^dnihnumdiLinLLVi.LirL'\ ulriLukfLishiubkind
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L-DCATiOH
G Lk ilt Skiu^ti IS Inc^ cd in Ik: Li[iper£w4ii] Viillty iw G Lie i[^r Cictk la ni^liwcd N^ifllauL^. alxml S nilcs Hti«l [i nf
RjCHHES
G LiL ilt Sk^u^ti IS tii ^ilciHivc montjn^ rrujisl] k^'dlcd jn ti gljci^ilLy SLcra rrd [ n^uf [i tik^n^ GLickr C reck, whicli Hnw^
Ll] n^u^ti I hL' sec ThL'CKL'k4.htiiiL'l fk^h^'s Lhn^u^ h 2 ciivi rid K^ns 4 lonh^J b) imirjLncsi whKli aiH rjin 4 Ik: crcL'k
tud Fonn2 hinuw spLC^ 4iki*g t he chmmi^L one Jichc mKJd k of Llit uxosh jnd ii*L' ol [ he ouLJd. UfKicdm of Llic
ciiH riLl Km Ji Llic inKJd Lc of Llii: ^"Q Itiod J he mLiEsk is donuiiLvcJ h}' huLkin^ bnJIoriL'^ LLm^piVtLiH of Dnunn^Eid ^
"^ Llk>^ /bJiL'jcuri iccilf r^tss ( StilLK dnjinnood Lii^'Ujbriiij^ [XKl IS 4.tii jdcnsLS? ji d ricr spixs ^Liid Drumnokd's
"^ lIJo^/Ix^l'^I s^dgL' L ^ j| i:^ d cinEmmd iL^Em^tirc;^ ijl nc u iLictii La ^"accr sfTls. S[:vi:[ul Loi^t 4 nigi^rs nf
spnict/blnL'joiil r^LiH^ rj:^ C PiccL^ /Caljmj° rui Ls c JOLidi^nstsh cxI i:nd loioltic wiLli^w htHcorn oa sli^hi Ly hi^ticr
f mftd^ iind s[:vl'[uI Lit^l' sJi^ndcr »=dgD IC4ii?\ ItSiLcx'dr^} VKudcin^Ti f^^m jk Ihsjliks ]■ [lie ^ ilkiw b^lloin Tht
f md iL'nt of G Licitr CKL'k vyki^'k ls vciy kiw Llinm^ h 4 [ic ni^iisk. d ^1 L'Cfcr jIxuvc tud Ixkw Llic ^rt I jod Ak^n^rht
ciuck ^l:cn'i: I ht nar^ d d ^ crioMibQiik uMlt l ALn n't incdnt] h umnu n il y jnd LiHjti^i^ai 4o I ht dldi^r m [ he br^^ fla
crL'ck IxcLoin i*^ a su b^pioc I ic^Lisjnig- Icavfd 4 WHcd "^Lilk f Abies t£ht:>CLArpLi^S4 ci'flnpiis anpLciifc^
eunaiunily Tliejxjd i^ihM niLir>}i u p^ r^Lim of [ he eoKi rid Lcm JiLlieji^iddLeol I hL' ^^ ct kind isgenszrjih ikwiinLlcd
by drier eimniu n il K!s [ hLii LLl' LirL"Li Jl^ n^iujm of LliL' Lonilna ion T h is ^lutj th 4knhi nLi^d b^ lj i^ii^r biHsaLii I
C EqiEd in f1i]viii]k^ cornmiiil > jnd ini^re sknder "^^d^c (.omnLinLly. A lon^ 4 [ic (:rcck and mrm nd 4 he ntirg]KS tire
pdt^lies iif heiikcd salge 4.orniniiEy tiul tuouiid [ he niL^r^ins Ld~4 [ic: hielLind la I he drjhi'diiH ■ /ii*e th lj nai n\ of Lufced
htiirgi;i»i L D^ne htmpsLa eespic«ji and bLue^innL reedgrjHS 4.oniii]iiE les Ttic only 4.orniniiEy ■■ Llie i^'a hod i^ilhaiy
t]|TfTfn.ijble p.'d LKCLininlLicim] W4is [ he "^^ er linr^tiiL com miii > . "^ [iLch htistiver>' u n^^bLc q uakin^ uiii and
ticcinLiLJ Lcm'f of LiEU-onHcdLdtlcd [c^ic over ].6[ndeL'p Soils eL«:wl]ere la I he ntusli had well-devckiped A hon^mis,
vy\L\^k prububly indKtlcssubriL^nLiLiJdiyjigorLlienxijyhsvdtiLepertLidiLL^IJy.Tliej^uf cheopci'^^erjx^i^
tlic nudti near 4 [ic OLii let wl£i 6 7 jnd 4 [ic (^ondnci ivjl y i^'as a li^w 40 u SV4.in
Key Env iflo n m EHia l Fa c tp rs
T [lc sil e's [L>'d [uki^y and ge^miorptiE sclt ing aie 2 lEnportair factm^lbar haieshiip.'d IhthVELJ^ Allliongl] nol:oaver
daMVi m~ jcl L¥c lndge?i were seea dnnn^ n> hcc vlsjI . [ here i^'cir nJd bc4i>'cr-cri "J mpMn I he ■ptuid su nrrandjig
thcsJc L£i weU as buck slcm^ hsia I he w jlk:n^ jnd ned^c meadm^lhd urelyfiicdlof bcLivcr-influeKcd "^'4 ems. I
suspcLl LliLic treiiv er Lonie Lind gL^frcmi[hissy4eni£Lnd[hti Ihey hj>c hclpal shape 4 [ic pkiri nmimnnji lcs ti Ihth
Ml e^buL judging b> lLeidf]^<:'^LlJLn^»aMls[h<:y^e hLvagL^efor^jmelLaic
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Allliou^h fti>rLiiu pbnis h^ er^ ol:»:n ed Lie 4 [lls sUe dnnn^ n> vise Llie hc^: dcxis "^ppon Jl k^td 10 different
i^dtind [ilari commnnHLCSJllori^hietijreiae'u^ellenK^midilLoa jod highly lepn^si^riJ iv e of [ heir R^hfKt1 lvc
Lype Two of tlie cxmimin J les jre ■Komimi* in MoniaiJ T hcsi: aie Llie Hff uec/lrlLicjiiiELl rccdgi^tHS jod snlxiJpiic
riE^liKpiig- leaved 4 WHcd 4 jlk 4.LunKiLiaE les TtLet sile is very v^imbJe fi^ Lhe divert! y of liigh q ualily
habcais wh icti J snppons.
Q THEPL Va LUEE
Spiled flogs nsffcy.4ind mu^kraTs "^cre otiter^'cd dmig my Eite vise G lvci tlie lettivcly int-jcl npliindsEind
puw. il y of rLuf s in 4 he d ninL'^e ahi>^'e Gliieier £ long]] t is likely chtl jLI of t he wcl kikd I uru-l k^ks lc 4 [ic sile
arc jnl4ic1
HufliLns rishing.und fHiHsibLy ill tier recicJ Hmj] acLJVE lcs Lire pfolxdbLy 4 [ic oaLy LindiiHes 4 hai i\i^ pkiced
G lac ler Skm^ti ThesLieisatxml I mileb> fux fnmillK: nsMR:4 opci ForeH ciud I cxun T here i^cre icLii ivcly few
c^iULC pbnisinlhepkiri Lommnnjl lcs lI IhciHil^: I n 4 kc cv-xi of 4 [ic h^el nicadin^ ^.ommiiE lcs. [ here i^cre I rjiL^e^ of
Ljiix4[l> gians L Plileu m [ic^ien'si and fiVA'] blne^rjn ^ Pcxi [uIuh ns) Ther^ ls j small fufntii Kia of Kcd canaiyf
C PhaLms ajij nd intte^Lj in one i>f < Ik: slendcrsedse meadiiws d Ihesjuih end iif [ Ik: sil e Th is hsj[Sl" ji rjcw ^^kick
riinns miiflccu ll lies Ji ^'js.u]ally fkxided n^ushesL^nd fcKS. has been 4 retlol in Ike III ery ire ah hi^ k a n jc n e and
ciiH u. species PiifvLii UQS II h^d k A merKU nay bv: (^ompiisi^d of bLC h uljve gend ypos dnd Eirof>:4in 4.n]l ivajs
C Nkng luno jnd Le^jca 1*?^) [I is unusual lo'^'c small piipiLd loqs iif reed cjntm'gi;i»i hvc h js [ k:i ti GijcKr
SkM^h
L> LANDS
Tbc u pLood^ jnainlEii L'ly ^u rToi]i]d]ig G Lie ilt Skngh tirt jnlacl and LiLknKipJ^ T [icsc Lii]d'> htivi: th.'cn jnjnugcd h^'LliL'
rfcmJ Lc^n IFtd [LizaJ Nd ic^nul ]-orL"4 L^5j Noetic lukf- bu ildio^ ^od LiEnbcr tmivQd ludvc ox uncd fu diicr ip in chc
Ihfo RMATioH Heeds
A Lbofouf h nDfi.4 Lc su Pf'cv of Ll] L'> "^il L' El ■L'cJL'd 4is [ he one ] cood Lided d Lirjig my^iLt veilI W4isLUiH)r>
Mahas emehtHeeps
Tkcic eutud [nuimgi^Encri i]iNxl'>t1 1 his line
BfH entO c e urrehc e Inh> km aud n
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"fhriibLaHl
G5
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G5
S5
ff7
4 GiBgg Creek Fen
Ldcatmh
Grc^f Ccrck Ftn Cikxidccd in [he Si^lisk Mcioj nLL^Ln*^ of nort [lwl"4 L^m N^i^laiiLi ThL' ^lIl' is d r^uiLiH b}' G ru^f € rrck^ a
tnbutury oF Gcod C ruck tiod Ll]i:^i]lvAitrR]Vi:r
RjCHHES
G rc^f € [Tck Fi:n r«i u rc^ fh.'^i LinJ liuI "^d fricr^ tiul "^h ru b cxmirnniiJl lcs ^ il h ■■ tin und td u ctKiH piHlKi* of! ht Gicgg
Cnzck wiiCLTifcL^H L^JjLKCrt l]^Jl^^^^:aJ^l bnd*! iux: bcL^n cnL-tJvcrJ Tlicofci L^ntJi Lhc kvA'LT_ wcHcni cid of Llic
pzdiJjnd i^ doniJiiLiaJ by fi^^-flm^'ciud ^pJt[lml^hlEllX<:hJ^V1pLluclftl^J) ^ d lvcchc skruh ll^ct dcunirUcd by
sh nibby cinq ucr^il ( Pl:4 L'nL]lla rrnl EC«i:^J^ biig biirh ( Bc4 u Lj ^ Lind u kiKJj^ jnd tnc kHioru l Rli^nin us ^UiifiilEi} lioi
iinincdiacL> ufrircom Tfcc upper cji cud of Llie wet laod istii^'rt ^piucc ( Piccaj fcwcH w K li un under^rj^lli of
cimETion hH^^tiiL 4 Hq u LHOti] rn uivcKsi:^ and 4irR>w]ctif £[i>ijftdscU EciiL'CKH ri jn^ u LiTisj. AdjLKenL LipLud skifh."^ jr:
doETUiUcd b}' rruJ Lice sffiiiix: , s«tul]uii: Hr { A bic^ LKHKtiqxjJ^ jnd ^idcLenzd Lir^c^ flrc-HLtin^ "^c^ctu LikIi
( E^ru iiccKJcri4i]isj. Tin: p.'^i LlmI l£ ^ tii ckvLitiQi] of 4550 ffti ( I St7 m)
Key Ewv ird n m EHia l Fa c tp rs
Gcv^f Ccvck f:4aHh^'> Llin^u^tLl he sUc Ljnd Ihe tu^^n fkxjr l^ LirgeLy WLicdiiggcd A wcIL de^'eLof>^ pcjt £lm1 nux^
lu>cr nmriajKS Llie siicu ry Lif 4.ond il K)[l^
FUiriT
Grc^sCrKkFcn Pijn excellent ^sumplc of [imontun^ pcLibnd Tlic u ppcr pjn of [ li^ ^^ d kind su ppnrts j wn spmct
hMcn wih hi^i^'tLiiL 4 liq u i^a u ni £LJVVKse^ L^nd jrR>^ Ic^i £ [x^und^el C fi^ziLX K^ I riLjri^u LiTisj doriim^
u ndcrgi^^h^l [i Tkrcc Njd [icni Rcgxi* '«:nMl]ve ptuil "^pcj. il's iiccu r on I he sUe Enoplinnj m v inJ icdrintl nin Carrx
bvHlj tiMl VloIu iriifolEL
IHEPL Va LUES
Co Ftp mo H
rtic "^ctLuid W4K 4i]kicticd to Mun jfcvKiil Aceu 1 2 lTi]^rEiimji:4is? ]■ Llie ] ^!^5 FldtliE:^ Foich PLoi INcit ^ho^ n l£i
such on For:'! Ptin nuap buL all TijxjcEii] "» nn^cr^' jking pcrennual 'IrL'mns tire Lo be incLudoJ ■■ MA ]2.j
L> LANDS
AdjticcH Linds ajc^ LlliJi] MtiAJ^^ncri An.'u 15 ^4 lEnlvr btthe) L^nd }ij^<: been Lijscl> cui-ovcr
Ihfo rmahdh Needs
Manag ementNeeds
Bbi£ntO c e ukrehc e Info Kn.kiiD h
Psbd Z Z
5 Hdden Lake Bobnical fecial Inteiest Area
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tD^ n uf Wl] il tfL^ The tiiL'a Lies wjl [iLn 4 [ic Si ilL'^^cr K Lvcr d rjLnt]^^.
RjCHHES
Hiddci Uiii: But]iim1 ^im tnn^mpvhrsti ^nrsoFruf^chtiulLn^u^li^cimnf hv interu? ^ Ilku1 K.ii«riiig. Tlit "Jlc
1^ u ndi: jIulr hj'a h iglily cjicajuiws JjndLyjx" ^ h icli is Jji^j dy irsJncLLXJ Li> [XJrt ujns of [ hc^jul fcL^m RhI lac: Rtun^cr
DilTia Pk4. ipjiEy i[L£ c^Jin E^iitondc h^ts ciL'^y liH l^^Ll'qmvi: mjK dDfr:«is jk^n^ ^ rcian ctmiii^Ls, ili^fHubtc
htibcJ for hrgL' piifvlid K^QS nf 4 hr«: Njd [ii^ni Kszgxi* "^'ksjLjvl' pJ^l s|-c4.il"^ smjLI >c]kiw Lxj y^ slipper
C€ypn[K:d]in c^ixiLusJ. s{uiT^^w^ L'^ Lidy slipjvr ( C) pnfcdjin jxY-z-L'niinj. 4ind lonnd kvcd ofutiLS {On.l]£>
Rl Liod lIoLujj. d hi:r wd LomI Fcli u r:s include Lwo pii*ds uhI LIutl' wl^i tusjKS. FnmiiiiL'ru wetland Hfh.'cirs urc l]og
bi n.h C Bd LiLi 2 Itiod ■k^jft slander »zdgL' (Cjk:^ Losicx^drpu? umd bc4ikcd hj-iH^c (Ctiir^ n:^i;l£L? MoN "q^rucL' { PEca
spp KoiGis iiccLir ^jjccnl Ln [ he sh nib jod liertucL'^^u'^h^dijnds.UpbELdssviTfHifl ui*ifLT lorL"4s "^ ill] m L he
TA'C'i cni ie4kcd£uJ T h UJ13 plKntii £iJid Dti«gLfiF-rLrLPM:udasiJgi3iiKii/LcsiLjM:rKsoriiijbiliic<>fcs_TTCL"^ vmy ii
si/e fnnn "^filinf 4o Lir^e d EiMKj er ^'dern toch ( Lim:^ (xcidenlalLS) Fiie-)jlLcd "t nt]^ jcl' SLLicLL'cr^M [iciivglioiit
Lin: L'\L'd]ig lorcTl [^v idcKC nf ]Xic4 Htiod-KptkivvKiil I Irc^ E k'v^ k^os iif [ Lie SIA naigL' fn^m a Lc:n^ nf ^ZSOfKt
ClOOOmJwlii^rcllic Ju mlxi LjL: crwl: Ikivl"5<Iic S I A_ <o li fci^lntf T"TO feci LI I2S nj aliJie LIil^ iH>illiL^ri SIA
bouadmy
KeT &JV IRQ N n EN~n L Fa CID RE
TLic [L^l>)^ kipli} of lliddci Uiit £E^ W4K ^rcd Ly laflii^nccd by g IliteJ scounig tis kc miKffs wen: f u n hl'LcJ Lluuu^Lm
ntinow fx^n ion of [ he Riic ky Mii«riaji Lick h ^V d Idods fiinncd la I hL' viilJi^y 4 [ii«gks ciu^ i^d h}' Lin: hlou nng.
C jLciLiai- ckI] subH rai 1^^ 4.1^1 ritnl 1 4o I ht oveiialL sfKci»> rKhif% of Lilt ^[rij tiMl pruv idc mi ildhli: bjbildl for
Llir^L' c:akK>pl]jk on. hid spE^ciOi
RARnr
GcntQil mcd of Fon liii: KangLT Dl^ TiiiT diiflly kncin^n kictiKmoi Kaxc[L4iJ NF forOichci nlnndifolu Cypf ip:d lu m
p^iHSZTini] m t]ftd lof RCLir1> l^II Lc>:4d hiv> of C> prjfhxl luin c jknilLis G(x>d cmmfrks of low-el tvd ion foi« uod wet hod
cimmu n iLjcs mc prL^^^ni wjl tun 4 hL' S I A
Other Values
BHiVi:r tid IV Ltv huslxL^n inpLidunl in LieJiTiEL^ sliLJfx tlit wc4 Ljood coEriEniii] iLks d rhtflic Scvnal old^ skrn b ccn'trrd
bc4i>'cr dmns un: pfuszri ^ 4iDd Ixlijftd Llici^tri^csiiri: braked salgtjndskidtrifl.'d^ct^oinnLiRaji^^Thcsi: bcthios
miglil have been fLiirty ^uLkjih (ob^^in ^^Klijad filled in r:lilLvcl> qnjc kly_ T here is one ik:I ive hciivvr dsun tl
LliconLld of JiJintH> LilLe. h^ hiLh pRitubly cumedlLKZ Level of Lliis Lake ^umewkn. Scveul of Llie skaJJin^ poods Imvc
bctLoms I hLl 4iie u>^'ered we Li 4 he 4ilgL3[: Cliacu s{i
COH DmCiN
Na uunagemenL ^kiT ivjl Ks are underway orpfeinned forlhesile A4.ce% e^ h rennons ^^eep dekse vegetti ion ^ ^u
h u maa nsf IS k>w. T raires of leed caftjr>£[u:^ C PhaliiTLS 4mj nd inLKnii aie prcseoi in Homi: of [ he "^aLk^w naishdnd
vy^ rne^vk>w cornmiiiE les buL 4 Lieie are fti> large ^aids ol I his Jivi^^ive gna»i forming n^ruxijJl ures Thist-CUE^
f russ has been [ nxced in [Lie I i eiLd lie 4K tHU Li a ulive jnd e^ctJL s^eclcs. Fopu iLic ions in NiHlli Anenm rna> Ic
eimpLisal of lx:il] oai ive ^cftiH > [K!s aMl Eu ciipeai eik ivac> ( Menglcino aid Lesita ]^^'&) EL4:w hereby Lliis'^t,
Lliere 4ire [ iLkies ol bn II Lliid Le LC iisinin > u Igare^ Cahida I hci le Ldisjin ar^'ensej , and n^osh si>w [ h N L
C Sonehis nhgiELOsus^ whK.li 4.nTTenl ly don'l fxiH^aLhicJ Lo eoinnu n iL les
L> LANDS
CLicLJe gri7Jig cccnPi jdjLxent 4o noitliw^ licMHlai> of ste llMffieErtt iicce?n 4o wd Lnacfs wrthiri sjle keefd
Ijveidcick L^l Ll^^ji^ has ccco Tied ui dofKS !□ Old kwm
Ihh>rwa'bph Meeds
McTnlorig of tbe leed caoajy^ RiHS [K^puL^I Lons Ey LliesJe ls oee^Led ed d deruiine w hd Lier ■ is spK'4id iig aid [ h un
pzeesalhiHy Lo [ he alier weJ Lind eomnu riiL les Jl [ he siLt.
Manag ementNeeds
Bfn^NXOc CURREHCE lNH>l:nA11D N
l^ctukigl.hndukx^k'LLin:^ uL hl u Ili^l ^h ru bLiMl
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l>i:'ii_ hLinpMLK L">pK<i*^L hi^rhtH-L^^u*! ^ L^rt^y Km
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Mcl^'jj ■li^incim
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G5
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C^ pn l^"^! hu n 1 piK-Zicnnum
G4G5
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L-DCATBH
L^uyCruck Ftn ckicdal mlhc Si iLl^vUcr R Lvcr vaJkv of nnn h'^ol MhaIodl^ jbhi^ui 13 m iJi>> nod hwc^ of
RjCHHES
TliLS slope pTnitiJid (xcu pies u vuLle> ulois Wch Forh Lht^' C reck TIil^ jftj wlti girjth" infliienc«i 1^'^LkijI
"^tivni^ Lts I Lc ^ jIJc) ^ticurr ^v jncc^l 4ifid ret reLicJ Lliiou^ h 4 [lei hirRiw s^ctxiii of LIil' K^X-ky ^t(m^utlLn I rc[u.h. Tbc
priEmin' wdlcr "4.^1^^ IS uxri likely f ruLiod W4itcr lowio^ froai 4 [ic nod hwc4 ^md d [uii]]ig ^cum Lhc sec tikin^ Wc4
FotIl E-j/y Cnzck 4o I he M^Lii hc4i^1 Tli^jx^^LiulJ Ihissjic ls LcunpiiM^d of a I en i:^iiT^4iDd wet since ibm^
tili^n^i^ilh p^lt-lies iif ntifsl] vcgetdion Sknder "qixJ^^: ^ Caiui lL^KX'ai|Hh doniinLics Llie fci^ und raises fion be mg
"^Lic^ied neur 4 he "^u rfLf e ymr- rDVftd d IheaonhcEid loldiTly well-d routed ^ Llie n^njl h cod Jie^ul tie 4.iuek
Mt]iHli LiK[iefoLU Coauoruin puluH re^ dnd [uJe sedge (Ctire^ lividtu (x:c u r in [ he moi^cr sleuler sed^c cimaiu n il y^
"^ [iLle I he drier "Jender salge 4.orniniiEy s«|TfHHls KenLLU-ky bLucgrssi 4 Piu prjccKSL'^^ bLuc-ji^ri leed^r^tHS
(Csitiinjg ro» i'> cjntiJeii'>ish Liod pt^ctics of Cuntulj 4 tiKle IClemu ai aiveKsc? Ttie d CKrcom mil J > liifid Wcm etioIIk
cpifEdoiU Llie '>UTl£k:e overlyiag ti 1 2C!t[rH- [ h ick oi^liik. [lon/on 't«gge^]ig LliLic Jner cood Llxifts ht]ve uJkiwed
dc4.orn]yi«>J Lon iif surf t£e ni^ til E layeis Gr^ h Llie pLinL emnpivtc irm and »:nl [iciillle SLi^e4 I liLl 4 he d rKr sleuler
sedge j-cunmLinEy hiis swEched fiom a welter lo a d rier b ^'d [i>kigK. regiini: jLlowing pLiris kikrjri cd~dTier
cuftdE inn:£ [o iav4ide Ttieretisii* lor [ h ls ukerx icm in h^'Jn^kiigK. re^ ime d ncJ kncin^n The stinb cjrr ai^j
domiutes J liir^e [udioniif 4he pcdlljnd tiid it ls eunp::M:d of Ix^ bin. hHical^ed ned^e ( Ba ula ntinaVCaiei
ut rieitiid^ L^nd h.^ birLli^tleftder "^^d^e C El1 u Ll ntiiii^jiei ltniLCK'4iT|^HorniniiE lch Tti^iu is £l}»:) jnjLdcr ^ A liis
sp > 4.runnu riity akiflg tlic c recL. ^ hiLli 4. uls LI ehjnneL 4 [ircvgh [lie p.'ai kind ai "^njl lien end ol I he sec The^^et
spnieefored ls (.ompiiM^d of a RpniceyfLekJ lioisaaiL L PEeaVEqiCri^j in L^PL'en'^.'j cunEnu n il y Tlie nmaJI jxxehes of
m^Eth airmjde u p iif woler "^^e ^ Caiui Lii|i lijle^y hi^Ljked "^ge ^ Care\ ntTicuLJa^ aid awied sedf e (Care^
d [LerrdesKoinnLiaLl les SpLi^ n u m s[i aid ^Iilt niL^<-?tes T^nn deimc giou nd cover in 4 [le earr and spnce lore^.Tfar
ad^kxnl upbnd fore4 cxmimn n il y tliLic su nou nd't 4 [le sil e dnd wliiL h 4.oyec> ui csker I hid cilendsintoche pcJtind
Lsasubolpine I Ic^heLipJ Lily ( ^tnes lasux^drpiVE LinkuiiJ ■■ifk^rjUyp-"
Key Env iflo n m EHia l Fa c tp rs
I [le h>'d[i4Li^LC regjne has d nvei e he jidtrn of plunc commiiE les 4it LtX/y CmhFrB SeaHcmdl Ekodin^uncf
yedr-kiEL^ "^E u rai ua ]■ [ he rux ;x)ne hah led 4o p.'^y ate uniu iLic ion. Slig hLly bclcer d mined cxmimnnjl lcs^ Like Llie
spnieeyriekJ lior^ajl. su pfxjd I rees Ixlliisc of lx44er iM^rUrui in 4 tie cixH /ooe
FUiriT
La7> Creek Fen sippofts a nnmbcr of nir: jdjnL s[>x les. STirne of wile h jre eliiiRiaeri^ Lc of jwaf^
aiL'cre^ed shEJd lem l DryiifHens (.tl^Jj^ p^iJe sedge LCjre^ iLvidtij , gieen- keeled cxxLcuigiaHS ( Erxifhinini
vind m^inna u m) aid fxx^r "^^e ^ Care;^ ]%iLi[EKiti) Ttie Ilei 4 wi> "q^oeies aie [ypic^ nf pcor feos Ji Montana
(ChaddeelaJ l^*^t Liod cre^edstiEkJ femiifleniiceiiHon himaicicks in sh nh Ciin^ cn~ ^"a Hffijee fevers
Spnned ^enl Ein oflen U.C Lic> jn ecuonoi^ and »jrne nf I [le [nul nitnd cccineH.es Lire fou nd i a early succession al
Kc4[ ing'f Li kc fbre^ ciud*^
Qthek Values
T [lls pea iLiod jMovidcs Home inijx^riLiri ^'clLaftd rLiru.1 uos Lind sctf ices. IL e^ si£ ULied akjo^ Wcfd R^rk E-a/y C reek^
tifcddunog peak HtJ^^'soflliccieek Llie ^^rt iLiod I ernjmnaf ily ^iwes sn jiace wJertind LicLenuai es fCLik flows. T h u*
"^^ er giadViilly d [uins I inm Llie sJe and aiairuLiins 4 reanlkiw iLiccnnlliesLininier The peti Ltikd pn^bahJy abu
I iKLKifts Lo relLiin pjn icuLles lihI rrnxKc 4ind s::qne^er imjx^ed eLcncrisLind conifx^u nds sucli as phc:«phonis aod
niLrc^cinmifx^unds GecL^u*^ I he ipLinds adjjcent to [ he :£ie have iKcn harvcied J Liesc tider f und lods conld
increahc be^'ond 4 Lie nai u nL lao^c of vnfutini
Co Ftp ma H
Thcic air piobohly nocnneni iLiod us::s "Mill ii [ h is pcdlLind iH Lierl han [mru ing. Cdntida [ h i4 k Kcolucky bllJe£^J^^
Liftd redkip ( ^grcMis liikmireiai hii^ e I rH.e c(^veri4^es in 4 [iLS pi:^ bnd Ef 4 Lie 4.irrenl d ricr Londd loos la I he
CaFex t£sx>u^rpa neEdow d Lhesouihcin end of Llic sde LunLiaue^ Lhe E^enLiJck> blieg raHS Lliere nay sprei^
L> LANDS
TLie u pkinds svrnmnd Lng 4 Lie SLie hL^e been exIeosiveLy knifed LnlLie boHscveciJ ycLiCs dnd 4 Lieie ls cii*l Ln ULng
Limber liLiCL-e^ inllie^cieraJ vicLnily. AL L_a/> Creek Fen Llie uplands have h:ei Lc^jcd Licx^id ^!^ of I he sec L
91
olscrvHf 5e mamsdr MunugnntnL Zirn: ISMZj ftiggjig txjj^ki^ri to tlir wc4 laod^ bcn^'cvcr in imt in^ jelci: I hi: pfekrcncnt
of tilt fl^i^inf WLsnglil d I hEMzdgc nf I hL' wflLind tud Hnj"! pruv uHcd nobvfTcr The "^L^ELd*^ ^ l^cl' 4 [;ic1or-yLArdL'd
t]ftd inlhcshon iLTnictic^kidcRiilscouLd hcMiviuchol jfttr^Lf^ "^irnL^ruMo I ht wetland Ttici? Lin: kiggiag
ruud}! in I [ic (^Ljcctiaicii ^ bui Miltul^kKii luLhc^'dtuid.
Ihfo rmatwh Meeds
I kHiHiK Ml Ives's of I hD sec ht]vc lxL'aft]irl> e^^icksivc ulllioiigh [o ny kncn^ Icd^c nos«nL'> ofltic br^tiffc^lc ftirj
htis bcm crmdniiTcd Thtrc ls diced forhydruk:^ic4wly of IkL'sUEMobnlccrLindcnlL^ELd ^vUer ^uurcch Fur tlic
"f il c 4ii]d 4u undi^rHUftd Lli? cLiimc iif [ he d r^'in^ of 4 [ic kin^crsleftdLTHJ-'d^c mL'^L^i^l^hicti could he 4^: simple Eh a
bloi^n cm\ b^iivcrdunj ^Hudyuf [he bod use hudun'ofcliCkdc h^'uvkllielicLplLiLLis wclJ.
Ma ha g em ehtHeeps
SNfZ bu ITec> HLMd [o he iifaHCTVcd rorfriure4Lriib.Th£ir¥«.tiHl tlieCdntxJ^chudk: [upu LJ ion sknkj hMTXiaiorcd ut
rc^u br liil cpf^iIs Lo eimvrcl bit U L^ftiH '>pii:jd ing ca^ rjpid ly. A HmLnis weed ai^uu^emcri pLin veiv Ix needed For
LllCMle-
BfH entO c e urrehc e Info khadd ■
P H.L\L sri'LXj u t4_T u m .in i: nse fwB*
Gi
SJ
l^et u ki s l.hnd u kx^k'LLiiu^ uL jicliLJu sh nib^Hl
G4''
S4
CL^re^ 4iq uti i lis hcrk'PLeous vcj^dd n*
G5
SI
Cjrex LtsKXLinxj hertuceoiui ve^d km
G5
S5
CofTX iDtfrxEL heituceoE vei^ddn*
G5
S5
CoiEX atkendcs beftac«}a& vcm^Hn
G5
S5
Belula Rbnd uki^iiaex loiiecama Elinbtud
G4
S4
92
7 toi Creek Fere
Ldcatmh
Lut € rrck Fen "i air ] celled inltic nodhi^m SWiXn ViilJty iif [u^n hwL^^L'n Mont^n^ Tlit fcKS ucl' wjl [nn 4 [ic Spnn^
Cictk drjinugi: whjcl] niVA"> luI n S^vi]n LtiliL' L^VDnilD^IJ kaiU^chc nortb.
RjCHHES
Lo^ C reck Feii'> Eire Inc^icd in 4 [n: montuoc ^cw? inj gljcLiJIy romicJ viiIIl'> Thi: f^a Iilsi ctikticH^u'^ [^urri
rni^cnjl. T he \jlc Loi]l4iii]'> ["^x^ JiH I na Ly JiffcfL'nL 4 > [^'> L^l Jcks HCfuni^J by d pLicti of n^i'l LL^jfL'[iiv> lorL"4.
Tfcc nortlicm L^a Lcfcva ion TLfifiJfcct fifJ mlJ l^ Lciiicd ut [ he Lnc of j slofc_ An ipwclJin^ -qmns suppLiCTi ^lEcr
to 4i 4 [iLC'k LiPLC u niu]LiiK>ii of prJ whiLh ^cri Ly sl:)p[:'> Lo 4 he "Qi^uLl]. W^ i:r dIlJl[l^ f ruETi 4 [le fen ielIo I he £ prin^ € reek
dRiiiL^^: The fen ve^d JlKi* l'> d lITiluJI li>ct£u>jfy bnl mi^jor '>]>x]es Lnclude Ix^ tniuti LBelu I j gLindi] Irau^
sleodersedge LCjre^ Ltuiictiqxjj^ dnd IE le^ichiins lennisj. Tomenl livpnnin n il en't b 4inj|iif nic:^-^ T here dre I'^o
Lid^eri we4 '>pTueefom crirniniiil lck sffiice^iil: cahlxj^e ^ Piccii^L^ictiaoi] ain[:Tie4ii]i]in h 4iDd ^
recdji rj* f PLCciitalaiEigKKiis cmiadcmcij TlieHtwIlicm feaLefcvaion BUXJfeel |^-15 m]) l^ tojnfKJScd of LwtJ
shtilk:n^ jx:4 hiik'> Tilled wjlh fx^ uhI ulLuviuin Tlie ^iieiUble flna ulIcs ^"41:4.^ jLly dcu^'dowa in [ he fall liLslenii
p^dl d<:coai]x:Kd Lon and min 1 rnj7£s poai ticeinu iLic ion. Tlmri: [u hole^ jr: doEninLiced by j ^Leuler nedf e (Cure^
lL£iLCK'4iT^h 4.0Kinu iiy la ^ h icti "Jender ^^ge 4ind B u^ boivb sedge ICtirrx bviluu rn]ij are donii[L4inL F^e si^dge (Cl^r::^
|]viJj) is kuriy cimnion A sff uee;Jleld hiifselLJLl eomniiaLlv cccufiLcs a geoi Iv ^Loping aioN d n^ 4o I he mi«I [i. aMl
abc^ hire h/'hoalLed He^l^etBLTuLi^kindukit^n^jre^ ■! CEnLit jj ccwietiu n il y c:cc u r^ ^^ liere 4 Iils Jrjw eri{:i\ 4 [u: I en. A
yen' wet rmugJKjl /oneisliicd wih hcg bir^li , shru bby c inqneRiiL 4 PiUenl lLI j f nu ico^^> and hncti [ion ( R htinn u^
alaiFnlLa}. Between [ he Lwo pm [lokh L'> a Ix:^ tnc^ h^isu.1:'^ sed^e ( Bel u Li ^ bnd u tcim-'CLire^ 4. u'^h. ku h ^.ornmu iiy
T [Le^ 4.0KinLiaLty El ver>- d iverse. ][ [L4IS an oveMiny 4kmtnt1ed b> h.^ btiLli wilh bucll [u^n aul ^tij bb> ctnquefo]l
eoffiETion 4i^ricL:ieh. Tlie ■ftderHor> j'>dornjftJled h}' Cu'^m. k\ ^edge "^itli he jked »zJge 4 Caiei utncLiLiidJ aod
BiJx]uLi[n\ ^^ge cornmi^i L^HX-iJle^ Ttie kid) layer is q u il e diveiv. we h CanLiHti bu nehherry (Coruu^ e^iiaHeKSCi)^
d'^'aif R:d bkickb.'rryCKubuiipnlx'^ensJ^and^Ljr-tlo^eied SukiEnon seal 4 SntLK]KJ ^elLJa? coaunu*
Key Emv ird n m EHia l Fa c tp rs
T [l^ ai*4 inuous flin^ of wji er I [im I he ipA'etljig "^prin^ Lind 4 tie e jtcmcuvs paieoi nJenal jrr cwu dnving Lidoc>
iiHndnnngche pi jni ^.ornmiiJl tcs Lie 4 [Lese fcKS.
PARny
Lo^ C reek Fen "> feu u r: aricomnoa jKiTtind [^ pes jod roEnmnn J tes and a eunceni r^d Kun of scn4 ive or ^jkcuI eonrem
pljni Hfccies inctud ing £Lari lietlebhi^rjie ^ Hpjpjcl e^ gi^^ei^j , yel low tidy's "JifiperJ Cypfiped mm cdlceolisj
spanrin^ ^ e^f tidv's "JifiperlCyprped in m puHsennum) ponr a:d£e ^Caiei puifineilj^pQk s»lge ICjrex tivjdjj^
|j>esers tway hide 4 Lijucb kies.'tij> Lind g reen-keekd aHlon^ ras LEnofikmj m v tnd tcann Lie u m ? T tie site LiLvt
"^u pfx^n*^ J snialt h«l piLliie OLenrrekLe id" I be rare s^inLc^knnk fsUiBge comninn ity
Qthek Values
Area prov ul^^s w tidlife hdbil^ Euf Lirge u n^ u lijcs t wbue-Jjiled deer, elk) un^L gnzzJy aMl blazk bCd^i
CPMnriBH
TkfE Bfc pml:ai}|> not-iiTT^nt iL^ndusesU thb jLoaltiAd ci her [ han linntaig Nue\4JLC plani^ were obcreTV'ed d u rin^
the.'Je VEiit.
L> LANDS
Ttie fen d Ji tin urea tliLi hjs [Li'4onc^l> l^een nitiKJgecf for tjnixr |m:d ua ion U:^f inland ftif« irmLJ-hvitJin^ in
tlie diaiftiige eunld conceivably aJlerl [le tiy'dtiiti^y of IhesUeand liL^ve dd rjneri4i] cf leas im tlie fen and Swdn
RjverOxIxin^ PrefEen'e downd roim If svilahk bnffcis are e^abtislied aciivftd tlie sjle ftif sucli act jv j lcs [ hei
tl] reLl^ [o 4 [le V lahilLty of [ he "^e wii«kJ h:niintrnat
Ihfo rmatwh Heeds
Fkmrftc inventor> of < lie fCLiland hLr: hcei thoiou j h However, the hj-drokigy oF I he ste needs rtndy <o better
nndeiddind I lie ^KinEcc oi wiler for the sprji^
Ma has emehtHeeps
Uni 1 1 [ here is a b.'tter u nd^iHland ing of tlie sile's 1]^ n^tci^y il Lspciitubly wtsed IuLihie nam^ement aLtuis ii
the diainjge lo Hinse likely to have Kitn I nul effenis ii* tlie ]>:ai Luid.
93
BfHENXOc CURREHCE lNH>l:nA11D N
■ r k ■_^l --ix'lxi u ■-_ urn .in i: nsL" Tm^
G4
53
1 I'LL^LMV'K'^LlllllWLIIhTlLLLEIEHom
G2
S2
P h-LM \p:^ .ikiiiiLLU rK« w -.in .kloiiMS fnrcs
GJ
S3
l^ctuki^l.hndukx^k'LLLiu^ uL jil u ki^L ^h niblaAd
G4'^
S4
CL^fL'x tiUiXLirnu hL'rtuccuiL'i vxz^da ids
G5
£5
Coirx inf rxti hcitucroE v^ddian
G5
S5
Bdula Rbnd u Id^c^oci cisicIJl skmblund
G^
S3
Psbd
Z
Z
Vntimifoliu
G5
£3
Vntimifbliu
G5
£3
CoiEXli^ldEL
G5
£3
Coirx pau [h^iru ti
G5
£3
C! V m [Kd i ■ n |Br> tfla nn
G5
£3
C V pn [Kd i ■ niBTh hflofin
G5
£3
Cvi^iimliKn lunrniian
G4G5
£2
CvpniEdiin m^riiin
C4G5
£2
EpfisctGfiir-aiIca
G4
£2
Lipofc IdqcIii
G5
£1
94
8 Molly Lake
Ldcatmh
Molly UilLf is kictlcd inltic SliLI^UcrVjLli:> nf koflliweicn] M^^Qitihi in [he Rnck CfL^ck d tjiul^c
RjCHHES
TtE Mtt nccni^ o* Lwo fLi , gLicuJcd Ixnchcs on 4 [ic k:n^erslLip»> of 3 ryki^r K kJ^c inltic Riick> N^l^ujiI lUi TfL^nch
A HCCKS of bc4i^'LT fx^nd^ h j>? lonkzdon p-'fL^n n uL dnd irucnniceai crcL't^. fiif ming |>)nds ^ind lLhmx iLicd ^x.1LihK
T [lc "^"^ i:r LJfifE jc> Lo d rjin fionicLiiLli b^H. h 4o b^ h LIil' ^"c?! 4ifid cl£i T hccimniuiiJl h:'> LliLic ixcir ^y LIil' '>jlc an: lul
UD usual cedar :n^iiMi[i for» ^ szdgi: mKKJow^ fca^ noLi]ig m\K lake , Liq u J lc bcd^ dnd stinih eomnu ailJL"^ A wc^tcn
rrd ccdarVknnk (.abb^i: 4T h uja p]K.Lla^L>'eK:l]]| u n jrnL'riLanu ai) rorL"4 makLS up I hL' ccd£u~ '>waaip T^Kfl TliLiiroicd
ciccur^m] k:n^ . h u m rmic ky grou nd 4ind Eidnma^LiH b> iinn^y in: ^^^crn red ^.LzJjr. we h ^LicLL'cr^UilJerspnjce ( Pice^
"fpland [H]XT biKh ( Bc4 Lila pup^'nfera) aul ?:unt Lo^e (24-1- ieu.1] d blij "^na^^ TIll' Li[Lder4oT> isdominaicd b}' skunk
cdbbtjgL', "^ iLl] a d Lvcrsc jnuy iif fnrtK 4ind fL'rv> ]■ [lit liertuccou't layer SLie^rntun k dlder ( ^Jiv> ]Kaftii? and alder
leaved bncti horu L Rliamnns aJiifL^Ei? stinjh u>innu ailjes OLC u r aiound 4 [le fh^wio^ ^vUer iif [ he creek'K NfiilLy Lake hLis
a Fldui lEif-kaved £ii|«JliL 4.orniniiEy 4kmLnt1ed b> '>ir^l bu r-reed C Sfor^aiiiiEn nin iminj^ pond^'eed ( PtxaMio^dii* sp.J
aftd "^"^ er JiLy I Nuphar s{i ) A "^Uer bim:taiL (Eq u Utetn ni Hliv uJ ilej cimaiu n ily (x:cu rs rm [ he margios of 4 ke ofcn
"^"ai er. and oa "Ji^kc ly ki^ her ^lonnd [ here are naiyliy hi^aked sedge {C4iie\ uL rieitiid? com mnnjl les. A riioiiEL^nut
lenixcuc>m[hc u ppcr h^ etLind 4 E-[:c Lfl MVIV4 SW ] ^4j. T}iJ'> len hi4is 4kinmL:ccJ by jn ■■iJenl ifijhle sed^e (ca^ tie
in 4 ke ^'js.^ [o idem jfy ^ iH kerspec Lcs inc Ludcd b.'^iked neil^c. ^recn keele^l ^.LikiflgrHh 4 Erv^pkonn
vind icannidc u m) dagger leaved rusk ( lLi[Len'> e■^lf^]lu^)^ C usick^ sedge ^Care^ cnsK ka h pcorscdf e LCarex
poiper^nLiJ. fowl [naanagi^iHS LG L>Y.en^L "4 Jitia> Je^ify jkI er L A^lt fali^Lcish American hfcx^khne (VeciiflEa
aMKTicanaJ^ 4ind dwarf bcumhJe 4 K ilns pu k'SLens) The sUe aL^^ bjs a sedge neiidow domioai ed b}' sleoder szdge LCarex
Il£iLck'4IT^> 4.oniniiEy Tkesum^id]ig u pland^ die a wed em ird eedae^lx^iJ Lily (Thi|ii pLicai^i^lLnLoniJ ■■inoful
liweH
KEr Env ifld n n EN~n l Fa cid fls
Rarfty
Se>x:rjL lare pi tin I "> c:c4. u r Lie NialLy Luke BoeUer fein IL^iyoftcFC rrciEia) nceari on hinEncxks in [ he cedar s^amp
\i-\¥\^ Sknder-sljiked nxhjiwiHlcBur>'el]]in]X'[LdLi[u.ijkvtun)CKM.niMalhenaiin:cedarlore^ nearLlieiiikc
G reei-kceJed 4.cilii*gr£7i jnd pouf s»lge occir in 4 ke fen The ^ed eru led cedae^u akeabbtjge fom isaiaie
cfMiEnunily lu MoHaiia.
Other Va LUES
NQcnTEH bnd u'^'s were e> idem 4i [ he Une of Llie "Je vlsjI Cahida Lliid k: lCj^jiki acL ense h and redLop
C ^ni^is 4olaaLreia> lih;:^ k ciccir la I he 4i]der conETin n il y d I he sue. and CaKjda I hi^ le forvK sune large pLlckes
inike LiELderlDiy of I ku£ CDrnnuaLty
l.> LANDS
T Lmb-T han'e^ jnd reuH tniklin^ kj^'enccnned inlke Liplaftds near! ke ^ite
Ihfo rmatwh Heeds
Tke Lipfcr wetljnd 4it [ he sire leeds lo Ix VLSiled d u no^ the giDwiis scKDn ^v Lhe doninail . LiauHeii Lfied sedge ia
Llie fei etmmu n Lty caa h: detemined
Mahag emehtHeeps
Ari> fuiij re [ ikiItlt liacL-e^ ^djjcenl tnlhesileieeds^ut rn]iinu [n, to kai e » reaaiside nunti^emenL buffers in ptice
95
BfHlNXOc EURHEHCE lNH>l:nA11D N
ALn u^ inLLin^L ^h lu bkiAil
G5
S."^
C\irC^ Ll^HlLLirfXI hLNtl.L^L^U^ ^ C^dLC KM]
G5
S."^
ClirL'K HKJriLi hcrhtt L^ju*. ^ L'^M.i Km
G5
S3
Lqui^Tum tJi^LUilc hork'PLL^m^ ^ L'^Li^y ua
G5
S."^
TAi^ plicda/1]iS^[LLti] m tiMKTiC4iDU m knu^
G-IQ
s:
CBEm paup^ETuki
G5
Si
Dn'ijp L^ns 4. n-lLcti
G5
s:
BniiychiLini pcd u ncu kn^u m
G2'^
S]
96
9 PlLniCi€ekl=en
Ldcatmh
PJinCrcizk Fen iskictlcd inltic fixH [llI L'> of Llii: N^HiIoh MciLiQituoM^ [ he "^"c^ '>jdL' of [ he Sw jn VuLk> of
[LOil [ihi L"^ L'm N^onldnt] Thi^sUt isS nilc^llJ knj "^loiLl] of Lin: houI h ckJ cd~Sw4in Ldkc.
RjCHHES
Plin Creek Fi:n is "J ULii fd o* t] ^eru1v ^lopi ng bK^iiL [i nc-jr 4 [u: bohL'llis: Mishtim ^V^tiIji ns EIl'viI lon*^ r^n^c fiDin
JjSOfcd (lOWmlJlche u pfxr cdgL^ iiH [i^: ftylJ.ind Lo 11^X3 fed U C:f>6 m J b^kj^.^ I fcL^ ftLi kind ^hcr^drjinii^L^ wa-^r
cvKi^cs in »zvi:rLJ lurgi: ck^r bliiL' jxiols. 4. j LO ind L^rs LiP^^n^z^ ood 2 indL'c> d^L^p. T he "^le L^nmri^iLiH by a
n u aib-T of "^^eps on 4 hL' u [tslopc^HlL' iif 4 [le ren The pcjiljnd fe^l ures j-ornniiiE les JL^jniriLii cd by ]x:g bir^liCBditi
S Itiod u kMiii and *iLe»dLT M-^l^e (Ctireit liKHXtiquJ NiKahlL" jre [ he preseneL" iif fjv l" NiK licm Rcgxn "^"[miljvc ptinL
"fpccjL"^ [Kxjr "^gt (care;^ ]X3Li[)eieiti? kn on. h id 4 LJpLln^ kx^^Lni, veLlcn^ bdvVslififErlCyirnp.'^liiiin
edIecoJis}, giiioL ticlklxiriiL' LHpipuLl is ^ ig jnLc^^ a^d f i\i:a-kD:kd ctil4ori£ [u^^ C Eni^oruETi v l^
Grcd sunder L Dre^icra anglK jj^ jn Lioeoinvw* c^ruLvoruus pbnL a^d >^ird Heri j^l' Pr^rjEn spi^eics c^iip^
eoHeni jL^uiccue^
KEr Env ifld n n EN~n l Fa cid fls
FUiriT
PlinCrrekFtn fcai im ■i]D:)rniTX>ii prillLjnd cornmiii le^i domin^y cd hy hc^ tnc^ h {Bdii] j gtuidnkKO jnd sknder ^nt^c
(CtifCit JjskTcaijxjj- NiH lible lin: < Ik: p[rs:rw.L" ijf five Nrt fctm K l^^ kjh si:»si ive pJjnL spec ics p:x^r **_\lge ^ cajci
puiptrcnLiJ^ fen iifehKJ L Lipuns IckwIli) yclLo^ laHy 's-'t IjpfiLT LCypn fxd lu m (: jLeeolns? ^uni hellelx^rinc
( EpifEbn u*^ gi^tiricL^J. jnd green- keeled ccxLcngi;i»i LHruptu^nin vjTidjLtinuliiini. G reij s«ftde^ 4 DciVteia aiglical^ aa
u ncunaion j-anuvufuiui [iLaii L^od XJuqiI Henl^^c Fiof ram spz4. les uf spi^cmL ^.onceni^ alhQ uo^nni
Other Values
Nii e'U'c ics ji pCdiLuid. Sonc c\4J Lcs (C iismin an'eo^ , Vertui^'Lin 4 h^^iLS? u* aJpccii cui-over ipLuidii.
L> LANDS
L^ind^i non k Ljod HtivlkoflkefELicljnd Iil^vc been pjnuLly (^nLovcr.
Ihfq rmahdh Needs
SLeve Shelly aod 3cve € kadde cond uclcd ai invcoior^' of vle? iLiJ ptuils ljkJ ^nipled pLinL 4.oinnu aiLje^ iif [ he "^1 e
on Jil> 14, ] 9^2. N^nH> ekjiaLLen/^ k^ ls lecdcd.
Manag ementNeeds
BfHENXOc CURREHCE lNH>l:nA11D N
PeiitLiid
Z
Z
D[i>teia £Li]glK J
G5
s:
Cjre^ pjupcrcuki
G5
Si
H™^ptiinini^kLLile
G5
s:
Opri|^\huiii pihriLll^nn
G5
Si
tpLpucLis s iguniej
G4
s:
LLpuns IhckIli
G5
SI
?7
10 Pon:i4Hne C mek C omplex
T tiL"^ ft dljnd 4.ornp]c3: & bcl^'ccii 6 liod 7 iiiIl"^ sjui h iiH lie [cn^ a of S^^'aji UiIl" U cct^uis hcl^'CL^n WiKdajJ Crcct Jid
tbc lickf ^Uei^ of a [ nbuLtiR' of PofcufiLnc Cici:k
RjCHHES
T tii"^ wLl" IS ti nmipk't of ^^ lt bnd*i I kii <x:c u r ti rfccfinrt of I fcL" Mpkioji Mounctiins k tsnmifrwnj of lirtfc
dL'|TfL''ShLontil L^nd stipi: wdJjnd'^ Tli? fonuriicc'ir in gLKiiilL) ^l^u i^ dcpfL'^K^s we h 4. r^L't^ fli^ ing LnLomiduui
of them tiod wJcr flow Ci mfcdcd by acLjvchci]i'crda[re>_Thc wjcHliLJi HIJsLlicscdcpffL'SiKMisajmi-^fruni
prL'CLpildlKi*. sfni»> tiKJ HJ.'cpsJnd gnmnd^ilcr Tticrc tin: 4 ftti rKh fL^n'^^y LIil'sjIc: Lic^ wtl I us n u rnL'[iiv> ]x^^ lt
fx^nds "^"^^^z aicjdi^y li Ijf^l' wd spntc lorL"4 ficxiciiig niti.lxif hjrcti cair. £iiid ^iquLic ic pljnL comnuriLl il"^
PoiripiEic pL^nloncol I hi: I ^"0 kns? d an iivlHtiHlia^ i:;uiin[iLc ol tiflcin^ Ihnnjgli fL^n Tticrc tin: sfvcr^L spnigs aod
"QZi^pKchd L'[nci°i: ]■ Lin: fci^ wliK h dfcd hy aiini^rjLnLh wjIlt TIil' fca nmiainii iI y isdirTEii]! lot^bshify u^ing
Haimcn daJ U^^^bui d dominoed b}' ti d'^^irf ]y^ bir^li^Bditi^LindukiisjIt^LunnuaLly ^ h icti is cimfxifEd of ]y^
biKh^ a divcne tinijy of lochs Lind gnunLnoid'^ Lind lj licavy ^ rivhI I j><:r iif b[i>wii aicit-^^.'s A 'q)TULL'A>kuii)j:^itTtu2c
( Picc J HP /Ly£}c h il on ain[:nc^miJin> and sprHc/crd-cj^Lcr do^ftixiJ ( Picc^i^iHiiiis w cicLirinL^nd jrivhI
LlicdiflLis: fluw oF I hL' iru^nnELL'ru LTL^ctMbdl ftiw in and oui iif [ he fi^n AnahcrsmjLkrrich fen cxcu c> non h
of Lin: tcavcr pond < hJ dj^jnsjrto WfiiLctLiil Cn-^k Wucri^niL^r^Lns Jl[hcLix^L(j|Xijf IfcL^Mi^z^jijnsll^wslfcrnjgli
Llic spnjci:A>kni)j::itTtu^c Lind h.^ bi Rli^^kndLT ^\1^l' U^H iti ^L:iftdik:i»L^tir:\ J JSKXtiqx^j ainrii u n iLjl's bi:fon:
druiiiig Fcim I hi: ka li> b<l h 4 [ic nontuod Htivlti WLCL'rchtl flo^vit ^uui [i jxt-zq.'s I hnnjgli sLchIlt hj.'iI^i: tiul inflLiCird
■^gL' {C4iK\ vcsKdr^h ^.omKiiiE ics. ft'tiKh fiinn ti llci^lLn^ nai Lirnjndltic norttiL^nd l^ j sh^dk^w^ C harj
"^p-b^km^ bcjv'cr [K^Eid A'4r:4untunkjldtr(AliLisjftLt]ftii)co[nrninjl> ixx-iiy in I Ll' WL'IJ-L^itlcd »:)i Ls bckiw Lliis
bcjvcrfKJod Twocticr wdtindstxiunnche PiHunpLncCirctCornplcj; btc h jr: dcpicHswjn-i bttljxj bj" one or rmwc
I:c4i¥cr [uod^ Ttic ^m jLkr of I ht 4 ftti htis ti Lir^t laftii i^H si^dgi: coEnmnn J > snnouEid in^ 4 [ic hi: jvcr [uod . as wdl Ld a
Km jLltr^ wiHI lt hc-jL.'d ncd^^z ( Cafi:\ nl ncu ltit]> (^omnLiauy wliicli Lnccrgrijcs we h d ^tiul of CistLk's ncd^c C Carci
ciskIjiJ On [ h? "f Ijgh Ly hcti lt diaiiL^d HnLs ^u rronndjig LliL' sliH^c mL'i^vA' L^dn l^^:! i:n'^i^ l' Hff uci:M:iik cdbbtj^c
rLifL"^ jod h^ky^ \k{^bc\i'rcr&2m LSJsti[ubrKldcbiirLk:li:nzL'd b}' Dnjmnowl^ wdkiwVlxjkal'4zJgL'4^i\
d nnriK^nd una^an:;^ nl ncLiLjJt]} 4ind crd-cihicr diigwrxid umEnu n il jcs. T he larger ^"s laod liLd 4 bc4i^'cr [uod^ alL
sumjnndcd by a vciy wcL sLcadcr hliHsc ciwiain n il y, pjii"^ iif wfciLli aju on j vi:i> nn^ jhk" flcxic ing rruic Tlicic tuc
^C4ii4cKJ dcjd jnd dyi[i£ Hff urc , l]og birLli.jEid BL'bbs wiLlo^lSaJi;^b:bbuaAj)pijnLs'«:4ii4cKJafDnnd[hc mjiigiis^
tisifltic wjttrltvcl had i^cHLy nscn Ttic u plaad^ snnouEid in^ 4 [ic ^itt art nii^lv wcfftra r^ cedar /licmt lily
(Thi^ [iLii::y4i^lLnLoniii ■■ifk^ra) lon^d.
rticdnvinf fKJofs whEl] ^njc4 Lici: 4 tiL' pLm commnnil ks t1 1 hbi ntc ar: I hL' hydiokigy IhL'nincrjl nch wdcr,
aftd bc4iycr aa IV J > Tht ["^"o fcKS dc[)i:nd oa I hL' con^ani su ppL> iif nincmL nc h WLXcr frcmi "^L^pn and spnof^ Lo
maLnLaLn I hi:ir4.1]acip:1cji'd k. [\\12M coaimnnjl lcs and p.'^y LU.CLinu iLic ion A i:?!^ li L4ory of b^-j^'i:r acLJVEy hLK
pRibubly Ixi:n4[ic bi^^cH ftidof inlhL'CR^iK>nofLl]L'L'^[?Ksiyc'«d£c Enokfcin^'Sdlchc'^c. C^'clKtiiflondiigakd
d r^' I [i£ caused b}' pR^SL'ncL'jnd jbu:nci:4jf tEav'crdiJk>wi:<lforLl]i:colDn]ZJJLon4jf chc rni:ado^v^b> vanaus 'u:d2cs.
Ttic fkI] ftn'fand wfL ^prvLi: fon^4 d I hi: se? vnpp^n d ■inter uf oir? [\h^M^ FaL? ^^c ^€ajc\ livKJaMnd
LtxHcl's L^iiyhtidL" L Lijx3n*i kwNcLiJ ? jr: pn^fl:ni inlx^fc lens and P<^r u pine Fen £lJw^ IhkIs iKX-nircnccs ol veLlow
IlkJ > y sli ppcr C C > [inpediin jxjn'iniinjini, f r:l1 sunder 4 Dnnserj aigluTd)^ and ^L^LJil lieLleb^nns: ^ Epif^KC ls
^iganicj) E\ce[i for gicol su ndcw aLI of LliOre arc sp.'cjes [ htl I ypteaLly (xcur Ln calcdR^ons I ens Ln Nii^niaui
(ChaildeeLal L^^ i. Tliere d aLs.^ jn (X-cu rrcru-e of B lU-Uer fcin IDr>'0[icns cndJaM ^14! i*^ fi^id on ImmnKks
inllic Lirge Hff uccMiiik cahhj^c fiirc^ su riou nd ing ooc of Llie b:aver jx^ds. Tlie spmceAtkiikcaMu^e Jore^ iLscIf
L5 a urc 4.oinnu ally in \^i*4ana. LiiREcd Lo pLcrJy d rajied mhLs Ln 4 [ic nod kwe^ eRi jxjd of I he »dc. Tlic I ^vd
ccc u Rences iif [ h Ls comnu nily £y Lliis^Jleaic \xi\\ ineiu^ellenLcondJion
QtheplWliis
Sjxillcd fiogs weic ncxcd Ji [ he Ix^aver fx^nd*^ td ^"cre ■■men^us ■■giLl e 4 cucks ii [ he lens Tliis ami '^'cn:[S like
c\4.clLcri liabilLl forj vjTia> of wiklLifc^ die lo Llie l]j^hl> pn:d ud lvc "^ettind habUs.
Tlieic tire piol:(ibl> no laulisi^s Ix^tJes h u nLJig Lnllie weLiinds J Lliis sjle. Tlie floia of Llie sec ls relLic iveLy
iitKt CsiudE] I hci It rCjiHJinurL-i:n»:j aftd bitttr^^'cn ISutiiin dii liTOMEim) occ iir tn M][nc oF I ht sm»j[mJI>
Fkxxlcd ^h nib Lj feds tiod lhL'SL"Li»Li[iaJI> flcx:d«J spTuci:/Kd-CKJi:rdr^wcx:dcorniniiEy buLdom^ fr:«c tia> M^n^uii
tlirca^J [lie pictf nt.
L> LANDS
Timb-T htin'c^ [iit>txcunKi nghLcolln: WL^L^m rtjiiizol FiHuu pine Fen ti»d tiiDiind [ he inl crmil I ml t:r«:t ffc^^'io^
inLoch? kn. Hc:n^ci'i:r. [ here tsnorcceru bdnv^ JihnicdEii ely ^jjcenl co ooy iif [ he ^Iilt "^d tiMl'K Thei^ h^L^bcen
Umber 1] jc^'c^ ulLdruLiod Lhe scc^ if Llic Lir^er Lind'^i^pc is cooMdered Tlicre Lstilr^g]!]^ cixid jecuHS ti skrpe
"^ LlliJi] .10 fed of Llie svEiJkr fen. bui i is on [ he e4i^1 "tide.md mrvA ol Llie gn^u nd"^*^ er pn)l:uM> coEnniloLlie
fen fn^m [ he "^"c^ "^e ALIuherki^^ing nxidK leior [ he ^cIIaimI^ tire i^'er I iJJ-2CXi feel fiDm [ he ^cILuhI , wiLh
inLail fure^ eunEnu ailjes s[:t> ing ^ts biiffec
[h FDKTJ ^ TKl N NeEOS
AltlKjngh nnnrfLC iiiven£or> for FiHuapcne Fen fc js hcen I bntongli my iiveoior^' oF rfccira of C he ^irc wjs c u rsnr^'
A Lbiifou^h niifLlK. inveruor^ol Lhesce ls needed ^ ^udy of ^ ro«ftdwLicer flow pcJ hMS jL^^ leeded co hell er
u ndeiHljnd 4 [le [L>'d ciili^^y of I he sue. wh^li ls ver> jnfudJiil co 4 lie sil e's ovenalL iniegnl y
Ml hT ^ G EH EMT MeEDS
An> fucn re [ imbtr litin'e^ ^ lliesHe should^ mjiinu eti empkT}' ^ reoinhLde mL^n^i^enieni /one bulTecK
El £71 ENTOcCL KEE'SO Infciplmahcn
Piceu sfi^eomus "^okiflifeRi foi«
□J
SJS4
Picea ^rv'lvsjc h Nil* tivKncaiin forc4
G2
S2
PiLe;L \p'K "^h. h Nil* tivKriii^iiin fbre^
G2
£2
ALn u\ int ,\\\.i \\\ nibl^ud
G5
S^
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G5
S^
Cjrej; Ltsji^-Linxi ^ j iti.^.i'L^u'- ^ eu elLC ion
G5
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TvnhaLlilolM liL 1 h( h L^L^us ^ L'-;eiLi ion
G5
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Comusseneea simbltind
G4
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Retuki^l.fcndiili'^.VLLLn:^ k^.k^Lin'^i ^hm bLikd
G4
S4
CureK ^ eML.in.i fli: ittLLei^u^ ^ e^elLi kjn
G5
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G5
S^
S^Lix d nnETiond mnLi^tire;^ nlntulLCLi shnibLoMl
G5
£5
PedLind
Z
Z
Petltind
Z
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DciVteiLi anglELJ
G5
£2
CvpnpcdinETi purFirkinn
G5
£.1
Efiip^iLlis ^ ig jnied
G4
S2
Liptins kv**.ii 1
G5
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Dn'op ens l nMati
G5
S2
99
11 Swan Fher Delta
Lnc \ I K^^
Ttic fill t E kicticd d rht M14 [i tod nf S^^^u] QiIll' Ji nontih^c'd Mi^Unt]
RlCI\E3S
TtiLS sUt IS IncJcd oa I hL' di'll J of [ he SwLiaKivcr ukd il CKorn]X£»:^ TIil' Ntl LifL' CuQwrviiacy's SwLia K ivcr Oi^b^w
FiceTvcJlie S^i]i LoliL' NlUluil^I WjUIlFc RcfugL' aMl tul^^rri Jjnd'^ T he d?llti js riinncd i>^'i:r jLIuv iLiJ ^sinds aul
f Ri¥cbi4ind bcu^ rine \jks "^tiLC'hLJLii^'L'djjy oldi^r^l^Lijlaid Li^i]4niL'J[^p::^s. H^'Jir^cok:^ ic 4 liJks
C^iderMjn ] ^^2 J kj>x: "^m^ n < hiJi Llic wJcrsoiiuc Rif [ hc^il c ls gmn nd^^^cr frum Lciri Cicct CM^cfldiinn^ "qwiiig
nftoff "^ [lei] £[ii«ftdwLiizr fn^m [ he SwLia K i¥cr hcco[na> I lit 4k>inLnt]ii "^^erstiviue. Tlit mic hci^s a d IVL'[^L' jn^ iiT
pltini cx^rn miiJl K?i. Lnclud Lnf 4.aic)*wcxid foicH vy^ ^pniCL' Tia^ . fi:n (^drr uxo^h ukd tu|«iiiL 4.orniniiE ics AJ
LliL' Honl h end of I hL' Je^Nj 4IK "^ct spniCL' f^^r^^s. whiLliuj^ cimpiKnl of Hff ucc^f leld biHHatiiL 4 Picm
"^pyEqitsU Lini drFCiiHC) Liod sprut^e/blicjojri Kcd^ rL£u> ( F]ce4i sp ^aLim j^ciid Lt CLUL4ide[iiii'f) com mil J lqk Thnt
cimniu n II jls h^Lve dj^ L'r? underdiHiL's Lind I hL' ground 4 > [iLcaJI> htih lj girol dc jL iif EnicciHopj^rjptiLC r^lKf "mLIi
tlic s^iiks hcirni JIix^jlxj ciuly 1 n < Kl" ^ nv^ ii* 4:,t*jn_ T hesc fufcs"^ grxj^: inLiJ a bliict (.(^on hiixxl^rL^I-dwcr doj^ftHxid
C Ptjpu lus btifctunifL^riL *Sip L ric'kxLirpi'riHTi us si^rici^ij lonH lis one jthkl^ lJuklt li> LIil" Sw.in K nvr T h is kne*! d
doETUiLiicd h}' bLic k caifnwecd , bnL spruct 4IIC connon mid willevenlvjlly domjulelhE^foicH ^ticercd Hl4iDdsGF
cdconv-XKXJ liL^uxcnr £iJnig Llic Swji RiVLTLochc nort li_ bul SLUiie ol I 1il"^" liii^ <: h^en Ji^jdcd h}' crcd C4iDLin'ginHi
C PhuLiTLS aru nd inLif c^ii ^hicti will tvcnlvjlly b^ Llie doinLnaH pbnL in I hL' CL^innu ail} ^^ hen 4 hL' Lc:44onh^ixiJ ovvrdiin'
di«i OibDws tiMl "^longlis c:c4. u r on cjl [icrstdc of Lilt Swdn River Lind Ik: Lakeptui Lsu>\'er^ b> jxjLeo ehanneLt of
tlicSwun R Lvcr whK.1] £Lje n^y^ flJkd in Aquai k. (^omnnnit jes ocenr 1 n 4 [ic f>[:nnjneri Ly flnofed jrcji nf 4 [ic oi^bu^'s^
"f longlis, L^nd IheinLd of Eh^'^ui Ljke. ^ hiLc Llie sliLiJ lower areas "^ [iLeh LypjctilLy dn' dowi by 4 [ic end of Llie gn:n^ in^
"^cjhoi] aju domjftjled h}' ni^irskeimmuniliL^S-CunniL^n vkLiyl] ^.l^^ji^u ni le^ ii* Llie dellLi jh. lude JiflLiied ned^c (Caieit
vestL jna> 4iDd hi^^jkcd ^ge 4 Cjiei uLnenLda^ commiiil les. WLcer liorselL^i U Equisi:^ in flu> iLic iJe) conimni] J ks
doniJiLiie I he Jeefier wjcr uf "f longlis. Mjny iif [ [i{: nl:^[^k etmniu n il k!s have heei inv^Jcd b> Kcd c jnaiy^ riss wliieh
n^pfy forvb J noncxn]! nre jcn^is Lirge piHlKifts of I he Liie pfeui t-ei uul e^rr eonniu n iLks cxcu r on pea Jefxinils
Dvcrivjig a R:iii IV eJy 1 mj^errkz jbLe Ill'vI nnc: ^i h h>cr T hcse (.oinnnnLi le^ jr: [ypieaJI> flaidcd fur alL iif n:;!^
of tbe gnin^ Lnf ^icsun A bc^ bin. hAikiider sedge ^ Bd lU ^LoMlikKiVCarc^ LiEincarpij comnu n iLy fonns Llie e<:nio*c
bm weei Llie Hffucc fiifc^ dnd 4 lis: re^ of Llie p^y Liid Miid l^4 [ic ll^ct bi donintlcd b> lj commiiEy ^^ Jl h \xj^ hicch
doniJijnL in I he i>^'enlL^ L^nd Jiflied ned^c Llie uxh 4.ornino* u nderdiHV' spi^cies < It [ic^r jshcici Lie ed spec jes dne Bebb
"^ lI}ow (^1;^ h^bbi^Uii^ [C4I- Lcived wi]kiwCSaIix|Tfeii]fo]Ei? skunkcubb^eLLyTiictLLionajneriednurn? anrin^Lcjl
f mftds:] ( ScnccLcH CEingiiljny^ and LoX^fom | PetLSiite^ sjf illai isj. Tliis e^rr etmniu n il y Lsiniennii^d wnhd
fen dnnintied by j sknder 'Q.'d^c ^ C^irei lLi^iix^ii]:ai (^omnnnily, wh leti is domikJ e^l t>y slendcrsedge. LcfiM^r pun icLcd
sedge (Cajci d iLjnd u)^ inLrnd Hed^c^Carei ml eriori, ^nd uwicd Kdge ICurcx d [lenxjcsi. K ecd eaimrygnBi t&
invtiJin^ pjrtsiif [he len js weJJ
Kn E^^ iP.<hssEE^ Ki R^cmns
Ttic h>'d[oti^ ^nd geonK^rptioki^ydrcche twodoninaH fbctoni ^ Fvctmsg plan iivEnrn u n if irs on 4 tie Swiii Rjverl>=llt]
Th^ vciy gentle ^Lopz of Lhe til^e pljiii kcepn 4 [ic £ [o«ftd "^"ai er fnm diainLn^ veT> quickly I his piumntiig tlie
develojMTienLof'^dkLnd pLiri cxmimnn il hzs In ^djl urn. a b>criif Lie udnic siks at Llie mnl [ll:^^ endiif [he
deka ml en.e[TS gnrandwii^zr fnmi Liid Creek tiul. since 4 he sills tire les pcmcatik f^^rcelhegnrandwii^zrlolhc
su rf lire js spr J nji*! L And er^ Ml L^2j_ Tlie sjks keep I he ^^ Lcer £y Llie mifacc. < Kus jMTjmtH in^ lin^ienitwL LondK ujns
umd pCdi fonnaion.
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fx^nd'^^zed LPiilanxigelL^obcusifoljis> Gw. kler fcm 4 Drytiplcns (.ril^y j^ and yclkiw lad > VsLippcr (CypripaJjin
cdlecoJisJ. Tlie I wo fiHiner spocjes aj? ai|«jlK , w h Lie 4 he 4wxj JlII er spocjL^s (xcnr in [ he e4iK a^ In
addiLon Ll]eSw4in R iver Pri'si: ive pn^v idcs litibilLi forgn/^Jy b^4iiS4ind tuld c j^ Ini. e'^'u fcderaJI> JcinlsjKcin.
BeajiseEinLH pfevaJenL d u nn^ s'pnng and CL^r1> snmner We4 em kud 4 Bir^ bureasj Pacifie Liue fn:^
C Psend^^cEi icgiLI^J^ 4ind km^-kvd ^^iLim jndcr^ A rnh}'4ima m^LnxJaLLyJinj einkJ alHuiceirai Lliissile.
Q her aninals naed dinng a rkld suD szy b> 4£d~f /ixik)£i'4 P jnL Hend rkl?L wcic Colinbi^i spnJ I ed fni^lKjnt]
lnLeiven4rEij^ConinHi*^£Liler\nLit^^TiiLininophLssiALiLis? pcj c Imn (Pisidiin sp? aAd "^'vcnil fresliwiE^zr saajt
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suppon elt. deer mcwse. bcLivcr nvcr tcLer, jnd J Lejd 171 species oF h]ids aa.oid ing co < lie bird Iei for the
refLi^c. I n jdd itnn Ui pruv iding lEnpcnaH wildliledUd wjlerfow L LibJai J lie Swai Rj\ er Dcka afcu perfonas KJine
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mujor dcpcvtu irm zom: for hoH i rni:nL'> in 4 Ll' Si^iii Rjvtr
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lifonnLnon bi ■i:edi:d oa ti nmntiLT of i^iue^K l^ Lind u^ liJ4or>' of Llie ste J tie efTeas iif [ he d iIj: Ljnd Poceupine
Cieekin^ on [he llcxiding rc^ 1 mL' la I he Swan R ivlt Pn:s[:T>e^ and lafunOiiKi* on IhLTJceol 'tffe4id of Ljntin'giLtHS.
Snch Jifonn:^ ion 4.oijld ukJ ji rnLioa^L'meru ofltie^LlE^ !■ tiddiion fud tier Held ^Lir^'i:y iif [iLjri conimnnjl La> l'>
ne«Jed in [he FUxid plum iiH lie Siviin River cas of irxjd ^7 1 4 (m Llie ives side of Llic nver?
M 1 f ^ G EH E^T Heeds
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shared iv rth 5whi Lake Retire ^^dl Iolkhm^ i n i.onLi^^ll ii^ Llie sffeLnl ^md 4.o^'e[use [^ leed t^uEmiygrLiHS, wli jch c
tlieLir^cfd LliKii [o I he ecok:^ icaJ ml e^ my iif [ h i^ ^il e
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S^vaaRivcrRN^supp:)ds3 raic pknd pujnLy idos. all of wliic h drc EHitic]Lled wiLliche unique m^^ pcJ doaieLC
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pnvLdc L]Ht>.4ii]d Liiidcn^n?r[K:rrni»iLon d icolfd 4o LiPLCc»i I hL"^ jxnl ioi]'> ol LIil^hcc
Kiel's ESS
Owi:n S^in^cT^ in? >^ irjL ^ird dnd kvi^cuI ac^rft}' miLJid'> C wliic h jr: hi^jng coriMdL'rc^ for hljc u ri] ar^d dcugulKi* by
Llic 44iL'j ciivi iLnl L' 4 [k: tKH^ L'\ain|Tth of riptjnjn skruh aftd kifL^^ (.omnu ■! ic^ bil in I Ll' n Lie h?4id Viilli^y The
L'lLind^ occur in 4i SL^ct Jon of LliL' Tivi:r "^ [icK LliL' 4 lumn giLMlii:i]l dnifh. AsLiR!s«k of 4 [lls Jcccriosf la L^nci™^ , a
Iciof b^k^kf L^ dejxKJcd [icrc. whjcl] (: jlisl:^ LliL' hi;iKJ in^ inlkL^nvcrchmiiii^LltLcmghLliis^iiilt:]]. ]L l'^4|]ho
IjlLfly 4[i£d t] iLiT^L' 4iinii«ri of ■pwcLljigcic^.udln^rt, ^hcr.' Jl isLliL^uglil chti ^LiCrzrfkvA'iiglliiou^hltLC fL'lLiciVL'Ly
pcnriL'^itTt LohblL"^ IxiiL'^y [i I lii: FLJ [icaH Riv'craiid fkxxJpLjiau lM hL' hypiiriiL'LC /im:? cnunri l'Hi 4 [ic Lois jvcvKLibtc
I lELC ?i«liaicri^ iif 4 [ic FIitliL'^ Rjvcr dckti. foiuin^ I h[^ JiMLbiir^t of [ hcHvhtvdlK? "^^ cr ]rio I he nvcr ( Sidn lord
uftd^VdRj ]^^3) Ju4 Ixkiw Lhis brmdL'^l s[:a K^ ihL' t-~lLichc4id RiVLTm^kcsa^htuplxiidLoltLccL^ folkv^'jig tlic
Cmoa ft]ik 4 All £ljh1 Hyndni^u l^^^j Eijc'h i'>ijnd in I hth ^ rctcti of n^ lt "^"^^ lorir^d ^ li d iffL^r^iil Ljik in IhL'
pud . 4 [iLS hElor> iSR:f1cdcd in I hL' spi^cc ru ni iif succoiMonal I412CS nzpfrisi:!]! liH kciz TIil' sjnd b^ir wiLkn^ 4 SjIi;^
cii^ua) jnd hfeict: cxxLonwcxidt F^npu ln^i bob^unifL^rLi s^p Lnctux. JcpuUr^cciL ulLuvuL tur cxmirniii J lcs jrc I 'A'o of Llii:
cdKy sw-ccshtLioaJ cimaiu n il jcs on I hL' EiLihK Bali^uu llcxidcJ uiivjlly Etikdlur ^ iJk^ w^'^^ donui jnc inlhL'fonntF
cimmu n il y. wjl [i hcj^'v lo^ lt ol ^1 rcmntun k jMlt ( Alnu^ np ^^bii nctilxTT^' (Coruuii ■TJftjdcKSL't ^ aiid aaiTow^piL^J
i\x\j£ ^J^^ 4 C4iljm j£[i>l L^ inc\]^n^ij. TliL' hijck ciilcon'^xxxjyrcccil ulLuviaJ lur coEnmni] J> ^vus doming cd irmxiiily b>
tL f Rn'L'L 4ind Siiod bur "^Lili nnnicn^u'^Lc44onh^ixid'^L'd]in^ jnd VLi^K■Ll^ ul]Vi: dnd l^^^iK arniiuL^ Gbck
ccK[onTAtodyrcd-o*iiLT doj^w^xxi CP_lx5L^niifcri^cjruu*iM:riCL^>t:oinnunil]«iiccnronMWKofLliL"istiiid^jnd<lic^£iJC
m]d-'^«.i:s^ioiii3L 4.aic>iwcwd fiiftH-t T hey ciccijriii oldLT tcniKL^ era [he istuid^ a»d oil" fltxidrtl uifrcquL^ni ly_
T [icsc fom^. lI ll]i:>4ki*^ c^ pcncnci: jny VEijiif d L^HTtuHL"^ Jikc TifL' iif clmnnc] mcn'L'nieri . ^[^id utilLy th.'conic
donufcirti b}'(.oiijfL"rHastliccaic>iwcwdovcrlraydKS£i»dLhiii^CHi3nscna \3\ ]4^J5j A spiu(.L"/ial-(KJLT dog^Axxid
C PiccL^ sp Ohi]I]'> »:ni:?j) cuETimiii] J > . ai] c:^^[ri]^L' iif sulI] a LJc ^uccc»iLC)ntJ njxir^i^ ix^inLn Qwci
SrwE^r^'JiL' Nli u raJ An:a ThL' 4 h^'ivLvpo^ uf foicH 4.ominiiE Lc^ incnLioflixl jlx:i¥c a^ "^Lili
Lvp]c:al forL"4 ^Tuclun: but wih \i\\ iftdtrHory coEnfXi^Ki* sli lilL'd li> ciiH lcs or ]kkl££Pi in ^mic arc^tk TIil'
Il£i 4 > p[:'> ol cimniu n rtKS o* the DfaHbaic tkori: (KM. u inn^ ■■sk>ug}i'K fioniL' '>ki«gb aic ancictf cbnnct c nuking
LliL' lij^h Lcn^iLL' of jn bbwl. Tkcy voy bt Dicly llcxxl^ b) s«riLH.c^ii^r buL noictkcl^bvcakigk^^DrUbk'
bccaiHC of su bKnTl4icc wjIlt In one ^uck ^longli [ob»:n'L'd j WLicr [u^[^L1Jl U EquiHd in fluviLi ilc) comrnnnjl > jn
tlic diN:]>:r pufi of I kL' stm^ti. we h 4iird-»tKr4kigwrxid (^omnnnily in I k[^ shaJkiwcr ]^d of 4 [n: ^Louf h Qhcr
'^loug}i'> ar? vou n^?r aftd ciifliixlcd [o 4 [ic nvcr vei ^u rfL^L' WLicr. ] n out iif 4 [icsc sk)n£h^ i iitiM^TVcd a needle
spi)j:nsk C ELctic hans tiL^ic u lucEiJ conmunily on l^ irmdnjl. A'^tJ^ci^lcd ^pc^-ic^ were d nmk ( lnn(:i]'> ^p ft ^npiio
( SiigEmcEi cuneda? rnLjre\ caiL IH ipjraTLS v nL^ansh, comrnira spLkcru*^ C Ele^ictun*^ f^id rvi)^ 4iDd V4iTie^yed
horsi^jdi] ( E4|iet[:4 in V JCKgLcu rn> Beaked s[:dgc LCjre^ ■! ctLuLia) cimniu n il les cxcu rred Ji "^'vcj^il l^4 tiehe nk^u^hii^
a&did aquaic onmrnii] J lok
Tk nvcTine wei land nminiu n ilies on CKv^i Sim'erA'iie Ndtnial A rra ori the aurou nd m^ Ciland^ are aJI depi^ndenc m
tkc kydiok:^ ic m^inic L^l lkeElL:che4id River. □iLivelhjE^aftd^ndbujifci^EddinDg flixxJs are 4 [u: ^u bMi;i<: fiif
I ■! nre caiiiflwixid fiifci't The hyd ruk:^ ic Kginiccii*! [i>is mjny uf [ he vcgetLlxra [^yiern'^in I kci nver coindor
Nd larc pLint o^cnnence^ 4IR: knowi fnrai Lliis vcr' d > namu. nfunan '>}'dcin^ dll kuvgk a n u mher of "iich specKS c:c4. u r
in M^mc of Llie older Hk^uf hMimrby bu^e ]riact exaniple^ iif hfe^k i:xlLoi]^x>^/ii:d-n«>]er dog^rcd corniniiE le^ jr:
unummon Ji'^dcm Nfiifl^ana. aMl Llie mx-in^ncc d O^cn So^'cn^ me luprewri^ I ke h^'d sucIl e'^ai^pk of "^ucli a
conmunily in 4 tic FLiliead VaJkv bxaise of Lt'> ^i£c oveRill cohIe ion and coniinned corin^DLC of ule u raJ
procciM^h "ncli L£i f1cyid]i]g.
QtIEE Vm L]Ji
TIlc large, d Lvcrse npun^ii cimmu n Lt]es ar Owen So^'cr^ 1 nc NJ noil Aiea, aie e^ticncly valuable in a nninber r^ ways.
Tkcy pcin'KJc Lrnpoilani kjbildl fof wikj Life aul fLfh They abo piovide ]npadai]l "^dtind fiKtxiftsand sen'Ee^.
"^ucti LVi I ke leinpiHan' ^c^j^e iif ^u cfLK e i^iEszr en^i^^ dnhi p^E ion mai nLain ing ^.liacucleTmJ k. ^u hnu rfaze
h^d ruti^ ^ nu£ rmzii c>Y.Jin]^. and [uilJLuli^m r^ enLxi* IbLiucr 19^ j
CoH PmciH
T^t-irr^nl land uira> on and aiou nd Lke Ciland^ are niudJy bnEoi Ld recied lonal u^'^IlL: h u ni ing , fuiliJig^ itnd
IQS
biidinf ScwK cf tilt isbAds tur ]■ priv^towitr^tiLpdnd bjycmiiiinhtrnf limiK^bLiLlI onlhnn Because iif [ [LOtC
tud al]i:r ncdHny icstdcncos hinm impiKl^ like s[:|il lc^ i:rR'> and do£^ ol Lif°L' dn occur T]nlxr bjPF'c^ litsiulst
c>x u nr^lii* LliL's^ ^inL: I'J.hnds Pn^lubLy j|] buLchc^dlsid p] jnL Lc^mniiiJ^ have b^L'ii Lnfluszncol by c^ajc^lo
■^^niL' dc^ [Tc ThL' 4.aiii*WLh:t] £Liid ^prvLC fon.'sl cimm u n il h:'> ha^ l' Ikci degraded in Mm: Lirc^u> by ip Lo ^{!^^ covtrof
CuQikf ^ 4 [lEt Jc {CicHiLiETi jPFensc)^ [luiHbion^ ue (Cync:^ kx^nin offiCJiiL^lej jnd roJcop L A^ [ivl is »ok^ ifcraj la
tiddEion KE^d 4.tiruLi>'2 rju> C PhutLiL'> aiij nd liiLiPLca? r^mv> dejiHC pLic[ie'> li] simic L»l I hL' si^uf hii Ttie ^cuvl'L lurs
"fupfx^n HUffK e:^r^ K. aiiiuLiK £u> "^ell LVi I he ftiRK^u^ WL'ed'> "^fxll cd knap^'CL'd ^ Cl'jiI ju rL"j mjc'ikn^^i S4 JotLrur^x^d
(HvperKiiin fx^d'or^ii inj^ dnd oiE^yc daciy IChiy^ru hcnu rii kiJCLUil hE^rniini. T he frcq ueri f1rxid]ig d ml iduru-e jnd good
|ix^ "QiLif Kju [^cs rnjkc Lilt istiid'> c\4 rrrnelv ^Liix.i:fljMi: [o iav4iuvi: |^^aK's. Ex^ [KMded
ciVA'hjid*^ C Nfiilix h nl^ acrMnd Eun^pc^n ^tiriio^ L 3 ■iniui vu Igtirisj , ]vol:4at}|> LiL^uszchc Uitindii. ExciiK. ftsti
"f uch tis bnlltii:^ ure jLso koowi rmm Lin: FLi [i^Md River.
L> LANDS
Tlic L^nd^ in I fcci ^ rctrti of rfcc Flii head R ivcr R:pra»enL [ he rcmnjnl ^ oF li nfnnjn coiriJor t hti wia vcr^' lurgc
tud d 1^ ecHC 4i one Ljui:. Urfun and a^TicLilinmJ drzvekifwkziil on bm [i '>jdL"^ of [ he Ftii hc^id River bjyc re4>i]Jled m
n u Elf m'> offsce iinpLicI^ wh leti HHkinh cd ly affect [ [lls K^Tie^nf EiLomK Snme iif [ hese off^l e inijx^Js ineLudc
nucneri kuding l:4^nk ]Kdah]lLly JH.r^L'c^'d ptnl iLuljles ^ludm ebnnclmio* bc4.aus[: of levees dnd tmdge
apffi^t^lie^ aftd ^ nmnd wdler fx^lJil Km Kun^n' Hiicsedjni in lluesc^ nver Lc^ eL'> Lo ^jnie de]^ree. Kerr Duni keefth
FLlliead Lal^edl fnJIjxio] for longer chanwcm Id 4<cnrndnQil]y^jnd4.onseqnei]ll> ]xk)l'> "^"ai er up [ he Ftii head
Rjver kwger tlmn ^vdh Id cecu r nti noilJy as well
h H^KTj ^ TKJ ^ Needs
A complete ncu: ions "^ eed Jiventoiy for the Cilands s^onld b^ caiTKd oui
Mt^ ^^ll Ml ^tHeeps
Fnillier development on I he Eihnds Hhivld beiegitiied b}' all dppropriid e ^^y e and federjL kiws leLl in^ 4o
i^d tinds aftd tiLtJvE ie?i Ji ^k<xj[1L1ln^ A no:^Kiv> "^eed nmilL^ng progi^m HhivkJ K'e^LibLi^ed Jor Llie isl:iHt> to
ddccT uny ■ewoccincKesof no:^Kiv>^?eiis Like leafv ^[inrge IE u phoHnia csuLiiiif [inrpJe Luh^eh nfe 4 L^linj eh
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T [ll^ sjLl' is ti di^Qsi: (:nin[ik\ of ^ lLx.ij]J}'-formal p:x holc^ 4 h^d Ijl' ticlw«:i] Wjulfjll^ind Krjfl Crn^lL'K Nfivi nflticin
htii'i: irucnniLL'ru c r^L't^ flo^ mg inLo and ouc iif [ [ic dc|)f?»iK^ [ Hl's^ crcc}; cliLin ncis nmnca 4 [ic p:x holc^ U> one
uftiHtier t]ftdLl]L'> L'vcnl vdJJy d raji inlo ^V ind EJIJ Ci7i:k Mc:^ ol Llic^' [xIIil^l's pciitubly ha^ l' Ljpprccujhk [k:^
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^ lod faJ I CKi:k fi:a. whK.1] ^Lififud^ ^ ■ninberof rjfL' piLnls. Nki^iif ch? kc4[ Ic^ jr: doniinLicd by j sleuli^r srcf^c
(€tifr\ LK}ocaf]%]J uimnu n Ltv we h j kiwi:r-l> in^ jt^o^ i n iicc ufiLcd by hdaicd salgL' ICjr::^ lu ricitiid) or JifLinJ
scdgi: IC4iic\ votKunai commiiE ic^ Si^vcr^L iif 4 [ic p:x holc^ jr: doEninLinl by dilichL'u m fDnliLliL'u eti jniod inticcinl
Nljoc of Lies: CTWiETiu n il ics ajT VCR" d lvcihl" tik hou j li W indfaJI Cn.^!: Fci liaj> [ he g rciiL^ sfccLcs d]VL"rMlv_ T h l^
p:xjrFcii haj> lo^^cr t^m-ccaje of Jcndcr wdgc < ban [ he (iicr p:ilioJL"i la ^■cLI £t> a vciy fci^li cover uf Spliia^niim sp.
on 4 [Le »JLi£ h stJc of Lilt fei CH her L£n::cEii Lif sp[:c Lcs jftL lijde Bu \bcLiJii]\ sj-iH^^: ( Ctire\ ]MJxl]tiLi[riu iniJnd sedge
( Carc;^ ]■! enorj^ biXHled tkf v's LicHses ^ £ piiail hes ciinaii/c^lYijnLJ h, gre^ suodc^ 4 Droseia ^el^Lici^ aA^ L^'CiifiiJiin
in undd u [TL CoftdKt]!' J LCTi ]■ Llie p^ bilks [un^nj fcim 20 - JO iS^n aul tlicpH roofed frorn£7-70 Tlie TijxjcEii]
cofTidor jLon^ Ki;if1 Cieek ii* Llie e^ed '>iJe of [ hc'>jlc LSikminti^zd b> j Cmiairnond's ^ i lk>w comnu n iLy iv h icti iXLiiy
on Lu^c ciitrUes akin^ I he 4. reek Ttie under-li^ "^tiLC'h l'> ampiised of a low cm'erjg c of vlack^lis uli n e gi;tHse'> ^ud
lodxs due^n'l miich tiiy orihe[>Turniniiwl'^ wiJkiwcimEnuniLEsdchcril:^ by Hjosrid jL (L9^j. On^Liglilly higher
^nivftd^iivl L^4 [le aa ive cre^k channeL l'> ti "^irdrnh^nk Ljider ^ ^]iv> jieioajJ coEnrnunjI > The surrou nd ing ufiLaids
aregi;iftd I id^"^ in Ikiwer L Abies f raMlt^Lin nae^ luKjIish and ^oind flr^cadlLl^ ^ Abie^ grjodu^lLnLoniJ ■■if}jrj|
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TtiednvLnf fLKlofsai Lliis "dc aie Llie HeaHcmjl Fkxxfinf iL'^ime. [ he depres^Kui jL tindfomis lihI Llie inineial-pixif
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Bn4 h c:ce u r ]■ ^ lod Edl] Cieek fea Ttie ^il e jLho has an nccnTrenee erf a d LiLictiLU ni eomnLinLiy whictiisraje in
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Otife Values
Ttie on Ly tiidn^c likely li 4 [ichc wet hnds b linni lo^ Ttie oaLy e^a]irf iifaszrFed d I he SEe w?re L^Lon^ KiaH Cieek
w [leiu Lliere were 4 [;iees of Cuo^ J 4 hd le LCjiHJin ^fL-en'^'j uftd "qxiJIed knapweed ^ Cen Liu re j nxicLiLcsa). TliCri: do at
p::sean> Lliiedl co 4 tie re^ofLliesJe nn]e% [ here is "^.^me dci u rt^cc.
TJpihsna
Ttie u pLaiHb inncd^cly suiHHidiig [ he prtliolcs aie inija jnd in gerd eondu K^n Timber hLin'e?t hastxxuned
ebri^w here ii the diajiaec. sueh as LKJjtiLeni U> K nfc C reck, ^ind Lc^^ry e 4 imb-T kinds }1Ll^v been he^iMly Lo^^ed
Adjticeri liinds aie "^ LlliJi MaAii^eneri Areu iJ^c-t imb-T btihc wil [mpecEd eonsiderjc Km of wkEe-ldi] deer HvmvKr
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ineoqm^led inLo [ h e^ densj: 4.ornpJex uf pd holes
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16 LevLfis Meadow
Ttic ^il L' El kxtlal Lnltic Si iLl^vUcr VuLIl'> of uifl hwL'Tlcn] MonUna ^txnii ^ rnjk4>{M:4 uf OLncy^ MonlaAJ
RjCH H ES
TtLOf w« luod^ uccir in J smc> of gLicualLy SLOU R:d dcpicHiLc^n'^ in 4 [ic Rc:ck> N^ounl jiji TfL^nch ol nonh'^ed
MonUriiL Midd Lc FtJit. La/y CiUL't orjginiJi ls in < In: upp^mu»J |>ilidL"jntl fiivA'^ [ h rtJU£ li I fcL" k^hi'LT jxH kilLS- Tlic
T^^crMJun-c lor L Hl" upp-TjraM piKlu^Lc wi'l cLcjr TIil" di^jMusjon"^ su pfKjn ti diverse ikkilcoI ci*:rgcrH _ *ih ru b, and
mLi u n: wet ^[incc Fbrr^ u>innLinLl]c^ T he u ppirirxi^ JeprcshHi* i'> Llie dec|h."4 one und ha^ a l^rge wljclt horxtffll
C EqiETi:^ in f1i]Viii]k Hornmii J > gnin^in^ la mvc ky mhL^ sunou ndcd by a ^Lcnd LTsed^c (Ctire^ Liuiictiqxj) conEnii n rty
on h]£[L[^r grciomd. On smaJI jxicchL"^ of h i^lier 2 [ii«h1 in [ he "^ai n~ limvimL cornmiiiy dre pix kcl^ iif a^ ncJ "^^d^c
(Ctirc;^ Lie hciride^j cimETiu n il y ^ d Lveine Hfn]cc^rcd-L>iKr4kigwrxid ^ Picclj np /CiHii us SL^riccLi) fore^ (xcu rs j[ii«hI
M iddle Fori[ Ltizv C R:ek "Jif hi ly dowKd re^un f n^m 4 [lc preyi[ra'> dcpfc^iLon lI L^dimindcd b> Hffucc in 4 [ic ovci^my
uftd tikjcrl ALn us ^[1 ?■■ Llie skrnh layer, wil [i l^ djveiw hcrtueeous Liyer Ai tikJcrj-ornmiiEy { A I n us ^p iixeuni
t]lD[L£ I lie c R:ek. £t^ dcKS ti b.'alLed sed^etCLjreK ■! ric u Ilcmj aiinnu aily. AdjLKenL 4o I he hi: jkcd »:Jge (^ranniiiy o*
sl]gh Ly hi^tier grou nd b iDi^re nLznder "^ge LomnLinLly. Ltvi Ly lji u ndc^K^TiK^d Hff uce (.oinnLiaLly (xeLiE> on ^^ncwlia
h iglier £[ii«ftd LliLjn I he fffev LOUS spncc amniu n il y This Lil er coairnnnjl > htts l^ lijgher eovci^i^e of Lirger d uaieicr
spruce Ji Llie ij^ eK<ory_ jnd < lie lie jttH.e<^us J jj^t is dom i naed by Mifl-Jenved sedge tCure^ dthpcrnuj und hujiclibi[:iT>
( Corns ii^LiiLidcKSbj Luid Llie ground b n^re lnjii^ivx-Ly A^Zi^icl^ecJ spc4.jes dre ^iJder-kzLiv^d bu4.l:l hiini ( R h^uniis
tJ[iLFblLa>, fickJ l]nr«z4ml LHqu Utet u rn mvcKse ^ Buckler feru L Dryiifl ens en^dlLJJjLyer- Lcdf ^ ml er^reci ( Fyiula
tisjnrolijj , rcdiop L A^ [ivl IS ^ok^jferjj^ 4ind nins^ N:x j|] cd~ I he well jnd cornmiiJl lcs a LewL^ MeiJikiw wcfc
viidcd.The upland L^ppe^rMobc rncKll> giaMl I ic^tE^id liJy L AbK^ f r^ud liAZ IjHuau u n iJlora^ foied
Tlic civjnniineiiLLiI fLidocH Lli Lie hj>'c pb>al [lie bj^efl cuk of :dTud nnig Llie pLioL (.cunnnaLljeis di [ h Ui firlc aic
tlic gcomorpfciil:)£> Ljad I he h^'didngy.
Rarhv
T^'oraj? piLjni pofvttkua^ L3rr fnnud st Lewis ^leadi^w Bk kler feru | DryofHens CTL44it:j| Eud spnTied ^enrun
C Hutcaia dcf1exa>.
Or III V^LIFJ
Tlicic LOfenn evHlenl cirrenl bnduscsii Lewis Me4idnw Sevcrdl emetics iiccnr in Le^ ls Meiflow. inelnd in^ CuniAda
Ll]]4 Ic (€ iiM u rn lon'easL: Mnd leed (.L^niofygiaHS L FliLJlans lonindiftiiee^jj^ wliic h dre adahlblial in ntiiy cimniu n iLy
LyiLCi Reed eL^n^Liyg ra»> fx:n:?i I he gr^ e^ fxleni iliM liie^i lothesile.
Upl h \ n e
me Lifilaods ^"cie lieavily krggcd la I he [^td . dnd 4 lie »e4.ond gnnvtli has b^en dlmoi oi^rnj^eLy k^cd En irces!
ycjr^ Tlie wcl !iprw.e fonH s tl I he sie ^^ere m^ ki^jcd leccnily htj^^ei er_ tind tkius a bu ffcr bcJ weei Llie
"^dliiod jnd li4iT>efled npkiftds.
iNFORrnATioHNri ue
More in loruxii HI* ls needed on 4 lie in Fluekce of jx'ri bK^LJ^ erda iv ity on 4 kese ^^ et bnds InLxJdiikU] Lonipletc
IkiCH le JivenLoiy El needed for LewEi N^e^idivA' d u nn^ I he eLJcly suinner js i gixid fxleni iljL hjbilJl fin" j ■■nbLzr of
r^ue plijois Lodly "^dtiid [ikini cornrninHy JiforuiLJion Eiieeded forike welljndsiaTJ2NR2]W See I5SE]^4NI]^4
aHl£ccl4NWi^4S'^IV4
lAw ^GrEklrENT Needs
IIQ
BfniNXO C E UftnEHC E InH> KM AUD N
P H-C-.L *ifi''a^rn u^ ^isknifL^n fiMurf
G1
S3S4
C\:\rc^ Li^JiXLirjxi fcL^rtucctJU^ vvgdLC KHi
G5
S.^
C'Jizc^ HKJriLi hcrlxtL^Ju*! ^ l'^lU K^n
G5
S5
Lqu i^T u ni fli^ t:y lie hcrkx l^^u^ ^ L'^Li^y ua
G5
S.^
Cun:x 4itl]i:[iiJ[^ [icTtuLCOLis vt^dolKi*
G5
S5
111
17 MccabeMeadowCcxnplex
Ldcatmh
T [ll^ sjLl' is J nilc^ noitl] of OLncy^ NfiifllmLL
Rich h ^as
McCtibe Mci^iiw ls (.cunpivtcd of dcpfn^fiioii'i ua I wn ^LiciLiccJ bcEU-liL^^ con nc4.Lcd tn"^ rfjci: and pcx^h^bly ^ronnd^vUcr
rkiw inch? Riic ky Nfii«riaji T RMictL TLl' wdLind*^ oa LIil' ■pfh.T b.'ru.l] arc fed by f ir4 ocJlt ^1 rcmns likJ pn^lxihly
2 RivftdwLiicr ^nd 4 hi:}' d rjLH inco 4 [ic "^d Lii]d'> on 4 hL' k^h^'cr Vnch TIil' bwi^r pcoJ ls prc^lonuiL^nL ly a ItirgL'SL'd^c
mHidm^ dunindcd b> Jskndi^r'tcdgtlCjici LsiLcx'dr^JcorniniiEy A l:og bir^li/licukcd wdgi: L Bl^ihIj gLuidnkvwi^ajcT
uL ricitiid? shrub cornmLiiiy jnd 4i hciokizd snlgi: cornmiiil > Jrici^ radLMo lorn j Ij^^ iif "Emid " Lli:^ ni^ LIil' kv^'i^r
[AxA Juki tilxivcchc k^'cr wdLind b la sfniccMiiikc^bb^i: 4 PcL^a ^p^L^'sichil lieti jmi^ru^^n u m ? for« \ bciud hLouc
"Mill d lITuhc s«if£iLC Wy^ i:xmnccL'> [ he upper and kin^crlcTniccs, und I hci iinzms covcmj ^iLliai u n u^ual ^'oicrn
i^'^l ^.L^darVkniilji^itTtu^c (Thija pi inlaVL^'stLl] J Lirn 4irnL'rK jaiiETi) f^ ccwiEnunLly wkK.'h h^thi^ b.'ci d ex. Tilled for
MonLjQj. TliL" upj>_T LL^rrxL" IS dominai cd bj" ti-^rjL"^ of dcpfcsiions whtli *iu ppiJrt JDijmpk^x cariy tfjI 4.™ijfcr
cimETiunily Tlii^n: jr: htjII l'kJ >X7U el^ sff ucl' ccdLir. kxJ^ qx^L' pine C Pijius (.lUikifld)^ ^ind aJdi^r. and [ he undcr^ofy
Ls doETiiiiLiccd by dni^Luic of cailajl LT> [iha LJ lIoLilaj aul bcdkcJ "^^d^^: ^isQ "VdlLi^Kd on 4 [ic u fifcrlcn^icc
i^d tinds uiL' smjl] pcJt-lic^ iif wdter horsrJdi] C EqiKCI Liai flnviiiik) one of wh icti is d r> in^ ii«l . as "^cll l£i j
£tb aUrr L ALn u*^ V I rfJ 1*^ shp siiiuLicti> (.omnLiaLty. The upload isu we^en] red i:r4liir^l:c4id ljl> LTtrnja
plkdBATIiBLufltLi LiailkiQil coainiui]J>
Kei & V iko hw Ewa l Fm: toh^
The h>'d[i4:^]i> Lind gc^mu^hoLo^ydR: pciitubly [ he Lwo duninmi fticLorf » nd UTing [iLiri coEnrnniul lcs ti IhL'sUL'
TEieie air none old bciiver-c hewed 4 rces d Ihesue. bui ftiidaMiJod hl^lhttemiI be4i¥cr act jv j^ _ s:) wlijle Ixuvers [nay
have hcea impoftdnL inltic [^td . [ hey are curreri Ly dliH^ni fioEn cheque Sjvuee soags aul you n^ con ifcr
re^cELCiLd Lon in I he wetland JuliLLice akcniuc ing [iL^h jnd Vj^ ^Uer kvels ^ piiHsibLy js^^iticd ^ lLIi beuvci">, [ h ls
CTumple shoft-s htJT^ liydnjLc^ycjndetcnnincche [xieni uL ve^rtsy Km cxmimmiJl y_
RAtnv
One cure pLiri . !ipn rred geni iLin THaJen la deFtiu^ e kHt^'ii eo iiceir st tliis silc. Tlierr ure sdw t^vo rirr roi«ed
i^-cttind (^DinnnnLi le^ a ^'pruce^nnlxabtugc and ^"Cficn] red ccdiiiMzu nlzcjblH^ CDmntmay.
Otiee Values
Co tf in now
NDcniEit Lud u'^:^ were evideni dinig tlie sjlc vutir There aie R:Ld]vely fe^ e;ux ii:?i d [ h is ^ite Smjll
aMionni*^ iif [red e4iD jR'gia^i L Ph jiaris ariftdinaceu) aftd Cdnadj 4 [LL^le ICiCtinni 4ir>eKHC^ jpp^ inviidLn^osc
small [kxjI 4 hai 's diying on4
Ttie ad^krenl 4 Lie land^ arc maui^ed for tinbcr pindiiiiT irm.
InformatiohNi I n^
A liydn^^eokigE "dndy isieeded Eorl Ills und iidjicent wetlunds [o better nidcBdaad gEDiftdwixer fbwpiitlis aAd
ai|iifer Inc^ KJn^
MANAGEMENTNFEnS
An> fucu r: [ imbLT htiR'e^ near Lliis sjl e needs l:c nin imin "d re^unhLde nunLigemenl ;xme buffers
ElETJ ENTOc EURREHCE [": hC^Rbl ^THN
PiLe;L sri-'K siL h Nil* LineriLaiin fom
G2
SI
Aln us ^ indb. "^.p m n uLia sh nibtiAd
G5
S5
|je[ubsl.fcn^hll■'^.VLLLn:^ uL ncnLJa sh niblaHl
GX"
S4
Cj\rc\ Le^i \. I.I.I ^ li^.kccDis ve^d KM
G5
£5
t\ire\ HKJriLi herhtt e^jus ^ eiicU kun
G5
S5
h(j u i^T u ni t li^ lU lie herk'iLe^ms vecdatnn
G5
S5
TtLn|apllLtiLLV1^'SlLhlLun1Ll■>eJ1C^I]I^ Fbtnt
G40
S2
112
18 Mudl^ke
L4]C \ I K>N
Mud Liikc L'> kKii cd scvcn^L nLk's ftiHll] of Lin: Swdn River ukd nort [lcli4 of GjgforiE. MonLL^ruL NOTE Tliis l'> a pnv^ ■:
i^ettind jnd ]jndc:n> n{:r pcmii'Sttim is needed li> ticecu> Lliis "^1 e
RjCHHEB
Mud Ldke Ijes on I he e^idcrn ed^e l^ I lie FiLlliakf ViilleyolChe R'^t iiTlhc S^nnKdn^e The til^e "^tiLeh htis3 Ln1e{
ercc)L'> and one ouLJel [ hti diajKS li> [ he houI h^ hjs deep dep::«ils ol ne^J LrnenL'> and or^n ic det nlns. Twcuif 4 [le kpfy
f md]enL cirek.^ f]i>w injlchciionh endiif chc ljt[e.Tlie> jrepjnuLly bLccked b}' bc4n'er dtiMb. whEh havefnnned
aicUcnsivc nd wort^ iif sauolL slLlLi£[l^. ^irou nd wliic h d Lo^c \xj^ hin. h ^ Bd iti nan jJ e4iTr tud wd '>pTijee IPlcdii "^1
riHUH [l4|^'c forvKd. \^wl LELie hiK 4i aaiRVA' jxiehy litinl^ein bu Injsh {SLirpu*^ acui u*^? cornmiiil > ]■ Llie sLilkvA' woler
ncdr '>l]nic^ ni]g]ig Llie deeper Liquai K. pLjri comrniiil> Mc:^ of Llie Like u>dorn]ftiie<J b}' [ he tu|«JliL ptint
"^^er^tiLckJ LBi^isen] J slI] reh:nj^ wliL^te le'jve'> tiftd Roh^'eiy nixi Li kc ^vUer libes Q her fkxii lo^- Leaver! aL[Q£tE'i
ineLude bRxid-Lcived jymd^'ced IRxtmLo^eton ftJlJn^)^ WLler l]l> LNuphaj viiriegdliiint jod ^vUere rowfcxiJ ( RtiiiH. u In^
tii|«iijlLS) Suhiner^ ed Lk^iJLX ii:?i gn:n^ LUf in I he til^e jh. Inde tu^e-Je^ived piiwlweeJ ( PaLimogaon L^n1pJlfo]lu^J^ 4.oniinii*
bLxJdep^'on (LNrtLnLinayulg^rEiJ^jnd eel-grjHfi piiwlweed ^ EMunici^clon /(:«eifomu>? Ai IhenoUhcnd of Ihe tiie
on u flrxljng ^u b^i^le [ here is J '>iixiJI "^^er lim^aaiL lEq u Utetn m Hnv l:1 ilej ecwiEnu n il y. Tlie jxiorly d n^i ncd nrabi
d the HHth eul "^u pfx^rt LJ skiider "^xJ^e C Carc\ liKiccarp^U 4.c^innu n iLy i n 4 he well er. niore anL^robic Ljrei^.
typKsHy leiorer Lo 4 [le Like. A hii^ buLh cdrr c:c4. u r^ uciivftd Llie nhvA niin Ji^ eree)L'> £lm1 bcj>er ^k^ugl]'> h^ here [ he
^u beside L'f^Ligl]ll> l:otLer cuiyf eftiied Alxig bic^ hAtknder sedge ^ Bd iti naiiL^jre:^ tihtKurpuJ eoEnmn n il y forms
ai cearme l]otween 4 ke sLcKJer scd^c eonniu n il y n^ed jb^nvc a^d a larger beg birLh/lre^iked salge (BetnLi LuaiU jrex
uLneitiidJ coEnmiiil > Tn^es iif kc^oy wjlk:n^ LSjLii^cjndiduJoxurLhrou^hlket-jrr L^nd 4 he bKJ^ hjrek/slender
sedge 4.cunnnnLly kjsakejv> hihi eover bek>w [ he deksi: huhI of sJender sedge Ai d sliglil ]y h iglier ]xk>jI ion 4 kan
Llie c^iJT Ls ai ciJeisive spraLc^sku n kcjblxT^e C Pieea sj\^L>yich iLon aiiKnejnnjn} 4.oininu nu Sptnce fiicms a sparse
overlofy dilxn'e a d]vers[: sh nib Liycr whickis«^4kmLnded b> any jxiil lei Lush rub sf>[x les Bl^ bir^liand
akJer-kL^'ed buellkorKRhaMinusdliufoliii^areconiimi* The herttieecns b>er d Di^mjxised id d divert L£«=nbk]ge of
f RiminiiKJs. fems tiftd lortis. CoEnnHin spcj. les inclwle he^iked si^dge. sknnkeabboge eot:£Rxx 4 PeJdKil es ^^icti us^
maEsh einqncfoi] C CoETuniin pulu^rei d^^uf led blLx.kh:rn' ^ K nbus pnl^e^rens^ aAd bu nchbtrry (Corns eaiiLKJeiisbj \
spruLe-'HekJ Iil^i^^uI l P H.en^LjiJ brd in LirL en'^'j awinu n iLy (x.c u rs l^ a tund db^iivc Llie sfnieeMiiih-L^bl^
ondsli^hL bre^ik ii][hesk^j>.'.Lihi>^e whith blhe^mnd fii7'b.';idJiLy4Abiesgi;iftdh^lLn£onmui]jnimiiupkiftd
N[:jr tlie JikJ eieek on I he e^m stJe of Llie Like ]s a hrge » rejEnbtJik akjer { A Inus Lne4iDJJ cimniu n il y^ ^ h ick
Lyp]c:alLy ixeir in hell er LEi^led »:)ils LliLin K^ bin.}] (.L^innu niL les ThisLi^^nuniLy kjs a kirge reed CLinaiy^ ra^
( PhatiiLS ELTU nd iiiLiPLe^i} 4.cun|Hi*enL. Tlieci' is ljL^^ nic^re spnteAku ntx-L^bb^ige ^.LunnnnLly tear [ h ls creek on Lhe wet [c^y
rkod pk]in s^ubi Tke kike wdlersliLiJ apHiif ^ CiC^andarelLiciveLy k^weowlKUviyiif LWuS/cn
Kf\ ^vhonieent^i Fie tots
Tke hy'dcuku^ nflkesileand ils tindseafepcihcioiiaje [yrt]\ ^ eiy imponari ]i] cf nv in^ 4 kc [oneni of pLaH
eonmu nUes 4i [ he sile. T he jxioriy drjined "frills sum^u nd in^ Mmd Lake 4ind sLi]k>w kike wolers ilntif [ kc eiwimu n it]cs
"^ kieh aie I yptmLly fiivftdJ suck sjles^ wjl k I he e^eejl xi* oM ke woleEshEkl cimniu n il y^ wliic h Cirjre Ji
MontuBO.
PARny
1 ke ^ k^lxiLLy rjre spruc^i^u nk c^Lhk^e ciwini u n il y thti iioriis £y Mud E-jke ls tii cilensi^e cxcu rrence Ji f axJ
ciiftdiKjn Thereurejkioj larepLinl (Kj-urrenees J LlesKe ^iiei\hieLd kidney-kiived vujIeHVioLi
rruifbliuj. and B uekkr fen ( [>iyoflerEi ercttitik K idue>-kaved violet d found inimiH^ULL nfcei a»«:cEii ed
"^ Lll] openings in kpfy li> nud ekvLi ion wet sprw.e fore^ s. Buekkifcm Lsoflen fi^nd ^civ^'Jig on hinnu<ksinshnb
cdrPior^'d spruce fields ol k:9. 1 l? nud ele^'Lic ion
Qtbte Values
Dnnig Llie see VLSJl . we obM^Tved puinicd tun les a etin sjKeES, cspfc> . a sjkdhilL e rane. aAd a snaiL species.
Aecoidin^ to Gael B L'seLI of MTFWP , I he welLinds sunou nd ing Mud L^^kearc impiifldnl £n/./Ly hear spring and fait
hahHEy
C&MnriBH
The ^f E u popvtu kicdL pike fcikciy Tn add i inn , The ^ rr^ffilxuk akjcr4ind pifit ofe he "gimee/skunkji^hlxd^c
cunmunily pmbubly recejve ixc4isHmiil Livcicck u*^' Tkeie are sniiiJI con4.en£ ry uns of lediop 4 A^ rh ls
<oki*ife[u^ Can:yf a I hci le iCjisjin LiTL-en'Q.'j and 4 irnc4 hy ( Ph leu ni prjccKse? ji llie spf uc^^f leld hHsetiiil
ccMiffiu n ily^ nxid Ly in areas where HUffK kx^dljzed d l4 nrfaunce Lis u^eu rred i pRibjhJy an^xiJled v^Jlh ptui k^^^in^j
113
cdntin'^noHh fonvi 4i to^c conpjELcnl of Lht ikdi^rHor^ ?\\t t]i ml induced rEi[L'>]>XK!s is found Ji Mud Ldkc
L>LAnD5
Alxiui hjlfi>f4[LC LipLmdh jnEncJcii dIv udjjccnl Lo 4 he ^il ■: Live bc^zn t.lL'iarfd nf fnid cuvcr^nd ^.cmvi^dcd co Liy
pud LifL' 4ind grj/ii^ k^nd*^ "^bik' jial]LTplLiPLL"^4[L{: fiifc^ th n^.hnti^L'd forlirnlierpnidKlKKL Hl'^u y ^LiruK iif
Cuo^Li 4 [lKJl' tiftd sc^I^ziuJ bu IJ L h i4 Lc (C iiyiuin vu IgtiD-'^ind liinj nd^iiigii: (CyftiigkiHiU ai offlcinak ? cdn he
Fbvftd in »Li[nc nh hi: gn/cd jndjbr kiggcd jR:Lic^ AimntiLTof [Luus[:^htivL' th.'cnhuiJl L^[ii«ftd Mud E-4ikc.lhi:]rK]lE
'^'4i:nL'> Lould p::^^ lj I hrc£y LoMud Ltikc in 4 hL' ful ir.'
IhformatiphNeeub
A uxifc LliniDUf h HondE !iu PfCV of [ he wc4 '>pTUCD fnm^ jnd hog biKhcdrr J rht uifl h cul oF Mud L4ik?is
ncfdcd ^ js [ he "nrF^v pirlomcd durjig mv^iLt vbil wj^cunor^' Thi:»de LomIs Lxljticcai Lo Llii: pnvLicc bod^
n«d 4o Ic kxilifd iit , too.
Mi's^gehe^tWeeps
Pi^rvxJLC rni>ii]lonn£ nf rht mdcjnLin'gi3Hh4jnd^inlht ^IdrrciwiEnunily u> occdcd co dcttmin? if i d
"^pr^LipJin^ |[ couLf [him: a cli r^Lii 4o I hL' 4.tLrT4.orniniiE ic^ jf iL £c4s ddnnl LliL^fL' Cii*lndol I his '>j>.'ce'> ls
difrEuH jod L'^fcnsivc C ^pfclbuuin t]ftd Sjms L^Tj I n 4idd J Lcm. ai inLc^mlcd ^"ozd nujijgcnicri pljn EiiiL^olfd fnr
Eomt nfltic WDcJ p^pu iLic ions in 4 [ic u pLmds LipJjLKL'oi lo N^nd L4ikc
Kl > II I ^T Oc CUKREHCE [": FDRM ^TVIN
P H.L\L sri-'i-^J u t^T u m jn i: nsL" fraM
G4.
SJ
P h.LM sri''l^ sh. h ili4 Lii>L:riLLLiin fom
G2
S2
M n us incLirLL sh m bLud
G5
S5
Bet u ki s l.hnd u kx^k'LLLiui uLticliLJu bh nibLoHl
G-r
S4
C\:\rc\ Lisii N.Lirrxi hLNti.L^L^us vcE^:^ idh
G5
S5
t\in:\ HKlriLi hcrhttL^Jus ^ l^cU Km
G5
S5
Sl I rpus .t ■! us JiL'rtuc'L^jus \ ^zsLiti urn
G5
S5
l^ui^Tum tli^Lyilc hcitucfOQSi vt^datna
G5
S5
Bet u Ili sJ jnd u kxi.VLLLi7\ laiici:uiT:a shniblaHl
G4
S4
BjitSL^ 115 M. h reK^n
G5
S2
DrvttTttns c ndati
G5
S2
114
19 Napa C iBek Fen
Niipu Creek Ftn is ^ il hia I he S^^^u] R ivlt S4^ l' Fon^4 tiul Sw ja VulLcy of ^"aicn] Mooituj ] nilcs { ] 6 kn) "^rml hc^id
of tkt Lowi] of Sw^a L^jkc. Tlii: fci CKornpLfKcs u M."^ rnL'ru iif Nl^P^j Crci:k, u I ribi]l4ir> of Iht S^^^ii River
RjCHHES
MijxjCrL'cl: \cn LSdslopr p^jtlund kcLit«f on fbciol n:?Dii]i: miKriiJ on 4 [lc cxl side ol lhi:£'^'ai] Viilli:}-. T h?
"^^ i:r soniTi: fori [ic fL^n biTxri likcJy^^rnL' combi^HM of gi^mnd Liod nvrluc^: "^"^ i:r fcim Ntipj C rcL'k Diffusa flow
riom LliL' ccnrk t][ip[: jc> Lo cil i:r I hi: fL'n ii* Llic c^ "^L'iif 4[lc pcjiLind "^[icrc Jl LliL^a liJis d lopj^rjph ic d]vklF
inltic nuddJL' of [ h? kii^Lidsuh^\[Lici]ll> Heine's ftHflh^ud^^uLli.TliciiL^li [L4i]fiif [hc^ilL'EiCornjxvtJ.'^J l^Tci^
cdrr^dnd wet spruce amm u n iLjls ^ h i]l' 4 [le »:)U[1] haJf Ei ikminJed b> Lmcrv!s of h.'avi^r fx^nd*^ ^^ jl [i iOiir^h
vcgctLic ion. T ht fei inltie f>[Mitijnd ol [ h? nonh L^nd d d skndi^r "^rJ^L' ^ Caiui lL£iLCK'4iT^i cornmiinLiy Vrki^k l^i
doETUulcd hv sLcEuli^r scd^c tiod LJL4:)biKBu^l:4J■nys:dgL'4CJ^^^ biii^buuiniL)^ y tJk>w scdgi: {C4IKX ftivL^j^ inLiul '^.'^J^c
(Ctirc;^ ]■! tnorj^ skndLT spjkL'rvtti L^^LciicliLArEi I L'n u Ls? ^ r^L^a )j:c]L'd ^.aioi^rjK IE riophoniEn vrndE jnoLii inj^
mjEsk mulily ( Ntu [iLcitTcr^ Lu ^ lomi^rLiid^ ^ind K^lin^ lubriiu (Lol:eLm k^Lmjij TliL'pH htK ls7 4 ^od IhE^conduclLvity
Ls46[Ji]S/cn ThEi4.orniniiE>. whiLh Lsonj ]-2^^ skrft htistipcii dcfH [i of Wc m - l2C!tn U g r^kf l'sioio j hiig
biKh^tlcftdDr Hcd^c ( Bc4 LiLi nt]ftii^4iKX LsiLcx'dr^? cxmunin J > . wh^h htis fmrly of>[:i f rowi Ix:^ hirch jvcrj^inf jbouL
IJ>n I jIJ on J fh.'^l svhiJrilL' ] 4{!cai 4 [iLck ^djJC'L^nl Lo 4 [its ll^ct and ncL^rL"4 LlH [i^: d ifl isi: flivA'ol h^ifuCrc^k Lsa
■^pruLLVrad-tKiLT dc^T^xxxJ L Pk-ki sp ^CoFMS hcfkl".! ^ fiHH^ Vrki^'k Ls T^cH<:r< fc jn < Ik: avL'Rigc lxx-uitlticc ol Lliis
type For t^mnpk^ LhD [icTtucnjLis Liycr L^ 4k)nii]LiccJ by hcukL'^l s^dgi: LCarrx ri FKuLmj tud "^mjlJ Irujlcd nsk
( S^LF|w> rnEHX^drpusj This comrnuii]! > mjgh "^iLI be rcsfx^nd ing co I Ll' [ll^ h wljcci of [lie pi^v jjus vl^^j Thc^^uLli
half of Llie wd Load litsi uxife JOiirsti chtini:! lt. 4ii]d l^ 4.ornpiVted iif a wncs iif Ix jvcrdiiras ovcr^ rowi by4iklLTtiad Kd
CKier dci^'^xxxJ Ttie dams jre iriacL hnL [ heiris on ly ooc b^ickiiig u p ^Ucrlo fbm d snalL pond wihlticaJgac
Clmcusp 4.o^'enn£ I he hutloETL GL'ukcd s[:dge LCi^rex ul CKnLiL^) cimaiu n Hits pcedomiute heh ind 4 [ic daMis. wu h cne
uwnnJ scdf c (Ctiie\ a hciridcs) commnnjl > <Di h i^licr h u rnimic L*^ la I he hc^iki^d s[:dge commiiiy jre ^LicLeced JejJ L^ldcr,
"^pnu-e.^ind [^ifer biirh. ind Lc^y in^ ]x^ WLiccr Level flucl ulxifts. BckiwLlieiiri bc4i>'cr d^iMijnd on d ner "fLngcni"
"kicking ou[ inio I he nmiHl] ls ni^re 4 > picdl spncc^ced iVticr dogh^txiJ cimaiu n il y
Key Env iflo n m EH'm _ Fa c tp rs
ThAi [L^dniEO^ Ld I [le SLie jod bdver uctiv Lty an [ be dcHiiDaiit &aoi2>thdt £lTH:t[iFC I be pLaH nvEnEnni itiSk si this
Ete
RjMirTf
No larc pi jnL (x:c Lirrcn4.cs Lire kru^wi I nun Lliis "^1 e ljIHil^^I] 4 lie fen ^^tinld "^^em to Ix ^eod ImbitLic forjiintErof
[XJlLind- rc^TicccJ s^xxjcs kfti>wn fnun ncddny sjics. Tlie ]x^ bireli^tkndcr "^^d^c eomnu n ily ls rjre la Mii*4anLJ
Other Values
Ec£iver aJ IV ily J L h is "^il e h j^ incrc^tsed h jbil Jl d nvrJ > by cmy km of a scries oF ncdjc Til led n:aj\hcs. slinh
cox'ered bcjvcr 4ljrns jnd pii»ds ^^ h icli Lire f iJLd smict ijncs f^jrctcni heiiv er ail iviLy ft^tsobwn-cd lH lie silc. a»d
T^^crlevcfci K^hind (lie dsunsiveie kvw. Llie nurslies seemKi <o h: gojig Lliiou^li \i diy pfcjs.^ as >xju n^ sftnce and
puper h]reli were spnmtJig t1 1 he Ikkcs of iiUer Jc^iJ Liecs ^loiv ing oa ImmnLclLS in 4 lie ni^irsh. killed dnrin^ an
cpcftxle of higl] wjler.
T lie on Ly kindnse 4 liai probably c:c4. u rs l1 [ h ls site is linnLiig Thbjx'^Ljftd Lsin good eowfi ion "^iLli no^ands
ol reed mi jr>^ [;l^^ C PIulLiti'^ am nd inLiLca} and only afe^ HLticcrcd hnJIIhcileLCjraninyulgare^and nilLeia
C Vertu^LiETi I liafbBS) in inedncrpaH oi tlic slander scd^e eomnuaity.
TJH-^HD5
The tiAdscafE tinnjnd [ h 1*^ pi^LiJjnd hjs e:^]>.'nenced lieavy I lailvr luuve^ . aid [ here are auEnen^u't fiifc^ nuJsand
skid [Rills. However mm oflhefoiefl jnEnedcii ely su nonndiig Llic poai tiid LsinLai^J Nceond ^rowLli ^oind
I iL^lxaJ Lily ( AbKS f und L'JCbiLfnEi LiaLFlora) and wntem rrd ccdaiTlieadliLy rfh uja plEdti^liaioaia u n iflDia)
lUfCH
115
IhformatiphNecde
Tbc flaw pcJ [i nf wacr [ h n^u^ti I liL' sec ncL'd'^ co he con rLruinl TliiS'^x^uld [iclp cipfeiJi "^ [id htr chtiigL's la I hi: woli^r
^)u rLL' }iLJV{: d rKd u p 4 Ll' Ix^vcr powls or lF I hL' dr^jig I'tcmi^Ed byMmltiLn^ i^Lm:. such tis ubcri^iiirc of ]>^vi:r Ln
nminLma Lht diiiDS.
]^kiftH4iL in^LNiLL^i^ K^ Ihbscc htish^cn EJitIv [hociivgh.dllhiivghLliL'rL'EiLjpiiHhibLc^jipu'^pLiniiJiscicciirTrnct
hcrclhjl [uL^rux hdra con rirmcd. An > f uLuiu Ljnbi[:r hjrFCd in [ he vicin il y sliould cnpLoy dpprofindlL' 4 crioMbLdc
rnLjn^L'nicoi zuoc bu rftE> tircund [ he ^'cttind.
BfnENTO" CI 1 P.F^CF h FOF>[ VTin%
Pjlc-.l *ifi''a^rn u^ ^ijkTiifLN;i fiMurf
G2
S3£4
Bctukigl.fcniluk'^L'LLLn:^ uLiiLukiLL^hiubLLMl
G4'^
S4
CliFl^k LL^im-Lirjiti hLNti^^L^u^ ^ o^dLC kU]
G3
S."^
Cjfl'k HKJriLi hcrhxccju*! ^ l'^lU Km
G5
S5
CjFl'K JIIil'CIIJlS [iCTtULCOLlS Vi^^ddlKl*
G3
S."^
Pfdtuid
Z
z
IIG
20 Norlh Sanko Creek Fai
Ldcatmh
NLiFlh Siin ko C rfck Fm Lskx.:^«J mchc Sjlisti M[njiil4iii]'> of non h'^edcm \^i*4ai]j. L^ iniLdL24)jnj wi^4 ofLln^kv^i]
ol WtiLicfistL Sunlx^ Creek L^ 4i [ nbuitin' of Lo£^ CKfk wliic h nc>w'> inLn TuJI> LtiliL' aod 4 [le Si iLI^Uer River.
RjCHHES
NLinfc Sjn k(j C rcL't Fl'ji f«i u cvs < ^t^ t>^ fcind eutj^ one i^EL-^maLI p:jnd_ [-Z tK rrs (0 4-0 S h2i)i\\ y /j tincf up co ^4
m deL'fi. and ^Linniiiidc^ h}' a fh^y in^ li> lih. hi^r^d or^on ic ni^y LiulLi'^eJ rnc^tdi^ T he ^Iilt "^d tind i*^ a ru^n b- vnLh
orKrii^d fL'a jb<)uL 6 a[:ics l2 4 ha? la [^\£eri Ttie fL^n d nvn^m ruled b> idi^eI ^pnte ( F iccj) fon^4 Wcdern tireh
( Ldru ixeKJenl jlisj l^ comiDim l^ EidjiheL^nL u pLiKJs. ThL' fL^n bjs j s[:tic?i l^ hnxipJ . ^enl l> '>kifi[L£ I L'n;ieL"^ we h
inLL'ry^Eiyed ^ilerl cueks lulJ u p^vlLin^ pixiti iif W4itLT Pnimneri VL£x.iljr pLiiiL ^fx'j. il^^ iif [ [le \ci\ include bu^
biieh (Be4 liLj 2 1 jod u k:m> "JL^nder ^edge 4 Cjrex Lisior^r^) bcdked "^^d^e^C [iidmljj.dnd nud M-iH^etC ljnLKi>
T^v Njd [leni Regua "^'omUvi: ptiil s]ioe]fs cx^ciir gnzi^n- keL'Led eiUcon^ r^t^ ( Erxjirfconun vmd nToniLiii] m^ feaj and
kidney-lmvcd VLolnlVLobreaLfulLa^jdjLiPLL'nt foi«3 EkvLic icui"! of Llii: "kde unge frun 5t]O>5Ce0 f[^et
Cl32ii-]54Sn|.
KtV B4V IPLD HH EN~n L F^ C TOE2
FUtriY
Or I £E V M 1 F^
Ttie ^iti: El nri m jfifcd u^ li d l4 inel mjnagi^rneni jre j on [ he ]^S7 Fldhcid Fm« PLoi rn^fibnl '^'OLild he inelwlcd
"MLhin MA 12- nftLuiLja jcrios U imbi-T liLin L"^ rL"J ncc icuui?
L> LANDS
AdjLiLeri iiind*^ an: "^ LlliJi ^]au^eneii Arcj 15 - L imtxr piud ucl ion
lHFORMAl»HNEEn9
Manas EHEFn'NEEiH
Pfdkuid
117
ZL Poifd: Fleasart l=en
PoiM PLcj^ru EVi i'>k>:4iLiH inLln^Swdn Vulli^y uf oorl hwc^i^n MonL joa, scvci rn]ls>(ll kmi ^uri [i of 4 [ic [c:n^ el of
RjCHHES
Pojri PLc4i:uru Fci L'>k>:4ic<J Ji ti'^'cl hfiin inlhi:£'^ai] Viilky tif nod h m l"^ L^m Mi^Unti Thbi v^Lk> ^vi^Hcoumi by
J la.jL"rM3uniig [ h<: PiL^ritx^L^ru: TliL^hiKiJi LsfrtJ h}' ^iprins"^ wIijl h l^jiLlt LIil" mc on < Ik: <:ii*l_ T he rjuie by wluch
"^^Dr Imvcs [ he pcJijnd EiftiH well iHlerHaid Siihki? "^"^ lt ^viis hcci FIliwiel^ ho«I [l ohL of LIil' '>jIc LnddLTincd
cLinncl^flcrjIuiL', l^^^i^.'dc vl^iI Whd her ^cunnd^iicr folki^'s lj juculk] or tikeinLie ]%i h lo Llie nciad^ S'^ai
R]verisna koowi TIil' wl^i 4.ond il unii hijvc favoi^ Llit devckifWKri ol \i l^CicETH- Lliic k iif^tmic hycrwliich b
q uukiEL^ ]■ "^^me pliiCL's. T he onl er oJ^c of [lie fci L^nigcd b> jaojx^n WLicr ^one L' mrxic ' j The4idjLKenL ufiLiMl
liHUH Ei4kmLnt1ed b> wcdern to?h ( Uinx iiccLderiuJcij uul Doii^Las-firlPszudi^sugdaici^icsiji ALon^ 4 b!c cifl
tud nort [i L'nd iif 4 [ic ^il e El u w« sffnce fofi^H 4.ornpiVtfd of b^ix h sffnce^neld [LO[^L1L^l U Picci^^LiUfn u m urveKHc)
tud spruLL'^bluejoiiil i\x\j£[;i^?^CPLCi^a'^jLaMia^iT:^isc4iiiLiJcKSbjcu[ririii]i]jlKh. Bck>w [ he I he wet sffncc RifeH
eoffiEnu n il il:4> L^ 4i shruh Ljrr. Stinth "^eti L£i jider C ^]av> '>pp.J^ bug biirhtBauLi^ljndukiKJj uul Gebb^ w]lk:nv
(SuIl^ hebbiLjnti> jr: u>in[non jlong [ he mcxicdnd eeuone ^ Lili [ he tid^kxri forL"4 Tlieop^n fca. whicl] iiceiifiLes Lhe
larger .ULM J clie-Jc tsdi^iinJL^ t>> 4:4lgL"> niH jbly ^iLeidsirsL^l^e i CLire^ I jwntLirjxij Li»d Biihju m^ siJge
(€tire\ hui^hju ni ij h lihI alier ^ rui^inoLds sulL lL'> shtirj^^ii] bu I lush 4 E<.ji]mjs ^l ui us^ Biowi niuHh<:i£ ^lk^Ii u^ Caaipyl jin^
Dreptiincltid us. and Hypiin Ljre cornimi* Ele^'LC ion of [ he fcii l£ 3200 feet 4975 nj
Key &V iplo hii€hik l F^ c Toaa
TlicaiHsiJil "^u ppiv of TA'£Ji lt h}' [ he sprins"^ Ol Llie end mdeofLlieylc were enl k^hI co I fci" dn'ckjp[ru:ni of < Iils
pcjlLind Lis L^re 4 [le (:jLe4in:oi]'> pireni n^ enabi ^ h icti ftntif [ he piotenec of [ he neh fei "t pec il^^ ol [ he "t il e
(Chmldert aJ l^^i. A fire liidor^'^ndy of nfuiiL^n arL^^^ aod gLieEiJ jxlboli^s in 4 [ic S^viii VaJky uiflclndL'^ Ibjl
fre^LKZil iicm letliaL 4ind ni^edsevenly fjiL'^ pforniHed dc^ eLopmeni iif open ^ cii^n »lih1s dcuniaai ed by fx^ndeirh:^ pjie
(Pinns [undcrciK^j elmI "^c^ctu Lir^h ( Ldnx ixeiJciil jlisi prur co 4 [ic ^VL^nL of lire suppre^ion. The nndecdocKS
of "^cli ^ jnd"^ hiLve b_^i fiLlrtJ wilfcytJunjercr^L^ wluch wi^ld have oonnjlly been < tunned by fjre LEarretL L^^j
Ai eiuunpt of "^ueti a bn.li Hand ls on 4 [ic cleI side of Lhe ped LohI
PAFiny
Pi^ri PLej^ni Tea is a rieh fei aAd su pport^i u ■■nberoT nrr pbri sjveics os '^'cll ls I wn aire or u nccwiEnon pfcuir
eoffiETiu n il ]l:s. Lrxs[:J's I wayblLKJc C L]pLiri:£ iLCtf IliL)^ J rjre oiuh Ld nccniy here and Lnii*l> a few ex her ckIi fen't
II MaoiaAJ Cc her cure plaii^ rhut o^eu r here jrr ^ellaw lad > ^^Lippcr (CypnpediLiEn purMn^nnij , HfKirFnv"'! egg
l»J > ^^Lipp-T (Cypripediu ni p:K->LTJiin|^ pule sed^e (Ctire;^ liv Lda> and b.'^ilLed Hfiks: njsh 4 P le^x h.hnMT»{1 elldla)
ALIiif [ hcsi: spec le^ are niciM LL^^noaLy fou nd la jx^^ LimIs ciccn jno^ l^ calcLLiUiivs ptirenc iLle jiliLs 4 Cbjdde l1 aL
199S3 The sprnee/Uuejoini recdgnoHS commnnjl > isunamnion fnmi Low Lo III^ h elevJ Lon*^ la I he noLioiLuas iif MooiaAB
(Hanv:aa al 19^) Tlie beaked spilj^nj^h eonimnnjl y LSRire in Nf^^aiau. roliiLLnJ lo nort h ^efl em aod
'^^uLli^'CHCin MoQiaAJ Li olclidi on caLjin ticIl "lUlxlncs.
Qrirt Values
TIlls site is eti^StirKd us a Klnjie we4 Liftd u nder [ he eLoHsil leolio* "^ em usnl fof [he hyd rogerumnpli le IHGMj
apffnxli fof jshc^z^ig "^d Lind fikcLxifts ( Smi h elal l^3i The rn]ieral-Tieh gnmnd woler ls d L^rh^a^ed inlotlic
peolLind wlien I he gionnd^vUcr inieiHocIs I he Lind su rfLEe Aflcr flnwing [ h n^ugli I he sec J tic wJ er leaver 4 [le
Kil e eil her ah grou nd'^ai eriif surface ^ilcr Dcsfce Llie pnu: imiy of SLLie RcxiH U^ Ln Foinl PkL££iii fcijlie
fen's ejrtum and nnlnenL eye Ling fiiclK>ns ^jlL 4ippe4ir lo be inl4ia .judging b> Ihepe^l depihs^aid
ehjiaaeriHie planL ccunn^u nil les pfesi^il li Lhesile Ei addi ion co we^i land fu nc4 ions Jlie sJe pcox'Kles habcd
fbf a papnLjJ Lon L^ flieflKS ^ pers oLzii
Naapfujuri Jjnd u'^is cccir J Llie sjlc , ^ il h Llie ]>n«ihibLe e\ce[i ion iif Linni ing. BecauHe 4 lie fen d ne\£ 4o 5tEic
RrxKJ 1$ J and offec> a 11:1 . [ ree-tss "^u rtJee il 's also pj»iibJe 4 hai Llie sJc gds "^^me finownabile n^e di nng [ he
"^ inLer. No exciK. pLaHs wcie otherFed in I Lie fen
L> LANDS
LuOggLnf of [ he ad^kxH arearna> affL'cl nuLnenl Jipvis lo Llie nee The pfCri^nce ol I he ^ J e [LLg[LW4i}' and [ he
[iM\^ rcxid jnniedEii ely »:)uLl] of [ he fen hai e 4 Lie pL^eil cd Lo afTea 4 Lie Liy'd colagy of Lhe site, bui hjvc
113
El|l|HifC9tl> lot dCBC SD yti.
[NFDt?J ^TIQN N^5
VoFf ulurBHl bryopk^c nom ir sirvcys of ttit hitt Imvc bh^f n 4 [luciivgh Hi^wcvtr. [ heir k> ti nnd to dctrmine
BDU rcc^ for '>pni]g'i whK.1] fL'oJ Llit fci Eud tn dd imLiJiiL' 4 hL' ni>w [Ed ks for "^^ n~ Iciiv in^ 4 [n: ^ilt CrmUaicd
Mi^ ^G EH ENT Heeds
K-luftii^cncri SL^tna^ adjHrcU 4o tlii: fci i]«xl [o IuIj: jn4n a^ou nL pciUciif irm uf Llii: fci'^ hydiolr^y. Fur c:^ jaiplt
tiiy LJinlxr liL^R'cd ad^ccat tD [ h? kn ^hou Id ol:»rn ■: "d jIl' E< nzLiriL'-jdL' Mint]gi:rni:nL Zo*i: ISMZj bu ITi:ck Thi: 4. u Ivl'c
und^rctic \v¥\^ miJ Lie 4 [ic »:)uLl] cud of LIil' fci shou kl I>l: 4. kecked 4iDi] mail v fnr blKlLJ^c^ of bdlcr vet rcimi^'cd
Ifchccilvcn wi:rc [o h: UlxIlliH "^"^ i:r could h^piiwlcd in I hi: L^n for longi^r LliLja nonnLjL "^ [iLch conLd Liven
dc4 rjnL:ri4i] cf Feci ii* ^r^mi: iif [ he plioiii'^ jl [ he :£il l'
El T^l r^xOc CUKREHCE [^ I OKM ^TJUN
P h.L\L \ri'''-^J u p*_T u m .in i: nsL" Tm^
G4
SJ
P h-LM \p:^ ^LiniLLU [XM l*i Ll\\\ .hJL^n^ilS fOTCM
GJ
SJ
Bctuki^J.indukx^k'LLLk'^ iilnLukiLL^hmbLaHl
Gjn
S4
C\:\rc\ LL^K^-Lirnti fcLNti.fc. Ji^u"- '. L ndL£ irra
G5
S5
LkHH-hLiris ruitLluEL hcrbucfdifii vt^dDtHna
G'^
S[
PciiLind
Z
z
Cj\rc\ ll^ Kki
G5
S2
l.lc^ H. hLlfiS RiHtLlun
G5
SI
C\ nil ro:l lu m iupf iFlLjnn
G5
S2
C\ nil roJ lu ni lusif naiiEn
0405
S2
Lirons IrwKlLi
G5
Si
113
32 SuidayCi^ek Bottom
|j]c \ I K>^
Sniduy Crc^k BiHIOETi El kxi^cd in [he SiuljyCrHkdiLJEm^L'cd'ftiiflli^'CH Nfii*4m]j.alx>i]l 12 nLk's kiiflli^'CH iif
OLncy^ NfcHUUAJ NOTE Sent of [ h l^i ^il t d rm [inv^ ■: Lind's dnd Lindens ncr [crrnKfiLc^n d iccJfd 4o LiiL^ccHfi I hL"v pon im.^
SuidL^> Creek BiHIOEriEidgkicualLyKoiiKddciTfcsiicHmJnflg SindL^y CcrckLliLC hjs th.x'a fLlJcd wjl tuLlnvu]
rnLiccnjL'>. Bc^vcrjcl Lvil y htis4iDn^ly in HuckcJ Llii: ^"ci Itmd cxmirnin J lcs Lie 4 [lei scc^ whicli d cornjxiftod of wfl
■^pruLL" foRsi , hog biirfc cjir, fL"n_ £uid EL liirgc w]lkjw «miplt\ Grtjund^^^crand mribcc Fit j^ati f run £ iiodtiy Creek
doaiJiLli: I he sc?^ h^'drc^logy jod liK"^ifc secfuge cuuld jLho l>e irnpoilJQi la jxjd^ of 4 [ic wd Loid. Tlic ^ ilkiw
b^lLoin L'>L1 Dnjjnni^nd V wiLkin^/hc^ilLed neil^e ( S jLi^ d minnond uji^arei uLTiculLdd? skru bland wtiLch i*^ doaiinLiccJ by
D[Uinni:)nd\ wiLkin^ jn Llie shrub layer Liod h}' beaked ^^ge in I he heitucmvs Ijycr. T h? 1 2C> L-IOlhi Llijc k ^»:)i]
honircuion wli h. h 4 [lei ^.ornjniiEy sc^ ind icjles 4 hai "^xJ imerus firmi [ [ic: u pLiruls liavc Ixen gell log depL^il ed by
rep^ed nixxls lor q u iLe hovk [ ime T he "^"Eii er Ublc Jlucl u Ja> "Mill [ hcvjh^^ ^ud huhlli^ pres:n4.e-^Litheiics: oF
bc4iyL'r a£[ IV J > Tlie wiLkn^cominiiEy isLice^l wjl li hiiLk "t kragli's ^^ Iijl h gel Li^ifli/e^l hy bcjkcJ ^^d^^ d u nn^ dT>
pcmiJ'K ^djiiccnl Lo 4 [ic "^ lI}ow (^ranniiaLly El a hcaked s[:dge coairnun J > . wliic h n::^]}' cxx u d ]■ "^dccr 4ii^hMie;ir Llie
crcclL A sknder "^"dfc C Carc;^ lLKicicai]:4jKoinnu aily (x:cLiE> on slighl l> lijgher^i^^und Ihjnllic b^Mked'^ge
ciwimu n il y_ jnd J mhL 4.0R: revc4i]ed pcd defi h iif 5^!tin \ lijg hjiE lL\lendcr sedge l Bet u la nanti^aret Jj^ictiijMj
cdrr c:c4. u rs jxiccliiLy i kayu^'h i he "^c , mod Ly o* Llie ho«I h "^e of [ he eieck^ and drier "dcs we h in [ he e^rr
■iuppijn IliedcvekjprnenLofspracG^fKld horsd Ji] ( P iccu sp /Eqii]4eliijn an-eoic} fracs T Ills Mle aL^ intlndai
Paul C R:ek fci^ wliic h Ei a small p:d LimI Icicaied la a gLieEilly slou R:d Ixthinon PtiulCreek The|Tnnai> v^zi
^ju rtes jr: su rfiKe jnd grtju nd^^ai er fRwi < lie t^rcek js well as I ncsk^^ neL^ftige frmi jdjiitenL skjpcs. \ beaver dam
ac iLHi I he (:ieek fonR'> a SETiall sliallow piiwl "^ ill] a C harj np. co>eroJ IxiJIon SuTRKiEuling I he [uhI Ui a slender
KcdgelCjKi lLEiLCK'4iT^KorninLiiEy Bc^k bckiw llie wilkiw-covercd leaver dan aod ab<)ve llie jxmd e^ d earr cornmiiEy
dornjftjled h}' b;)g hjiuh^bcdkcd "^^^Jge^BduLi naftii^4iie:^ uc rieitiij) '>1]tij bland [■ "^^me pjn*^ of 4 h e^ LL^innu ailv a
hcjyy £ phagiin HP tiyer dorn]i]Lld I he giDund em'cr On oae of [ he '>iofes k^id ing doh^ ■ U^ [ he "^d kind a seep
cvKi^cs lo [ he 'inTl4iee ai mjd-'ikipe a hzakeJ sedge eomnuaLly gro^t oa I he sk)f>[: "^ lieie "^^ er L^eps llie hchI
"Queued [did EKX vEiilchc upf>[:r[UJiof[hUkfendinig my sile visU.
\iy\ &V iPLO Hw Ewa L F ^ c TOEj;
Tlie hyxJcofc^gy i^< liEi SEe "^ rna u res lis pliirt cxjmrninjl les. Hi>^ever llie iydnjk^ ic pnrccHscs arc qu ite Dijmplcx,
aMleo«kJ Ji^ol^ e simie ec^nbinti Lon of bv^aver 4ia IV J > . » reaai nixiJiog. 4ind 4(x slop.' seepLi^c Commii J les Imvc
lofine^l hiillion pi^Lii subH rai es 4ind aiineraJ hluLs, wh leh lend co be dllivciJ in oaiire
RAinT
Tworaje plams aie fo«»d Ei PanlCiect fen kidne>-kaved v lolet I V loLi leaiFoliiii and s reea teelcd ceitoigrjTi
( Enpfcof u m V ind mannti LimHl Spnh]lk p.'rs.4.oni) MoaiaAjNdliJi^ilHenlagePcogrjMihiisftiireconlson flkof
aiy raie planis J lliesjie allliongl] g^xxJ liabilLC 4kvs ei^id . and [ here are neartt} c:c4. u rrenees of pi^iJjnd speeies
ll]Ei4.ouldeedajil> Ic im Sinda> Creek BriJIOEn The \x:^ tnc^ hAJender s»lge eommiiEy 4 hai c:ce u rs liere ls rire in
Monlaaa.
Qte>e Values
TliLS wilkin^ hmiom pcrfofms'^^nie jnpLidonl "^dtind fnnclKuis. OuTing p[:ak flows of [ he SiftJjy € reek. 4 he "^eJ kind
teETifx^unly Hores su rfLf e WLxer aftd dceiules peak Rcin^s TIils wUcr gmd ually dnins fiom [ he sil e 4ind ni^nQitnQS
^lejmflin^ kyerjilliesuKiVKr Tlie'Mllow hiilconi [icotubly a}si> fu neJ k^qsIo reJ jin [^alK u iLices and Jun^veEaid
"^■e^ er jmpLicI eil elemenis jnd ^.ompovftds sncli lei phespfcof us and nilni^ei eonpimnds Becau^nLe ipLinds in 4 lie
w^erslied have treei impjded b> nrud building and I inibcr hajve^ . [Imri: Licer fiKliofts eo«kJ h: JkLieLi^ing bv^^iind
Hieirntiuul un^eol varcii un U e. dne lo incre^ised s[:djnenl leuJs jn llie 4. reekj.
CnTTently llie wd und scri kwQf side of 4 lie Ml e 4ire g[U7cd b> c^llc HnmiKxlaig and pu^^ ing of llie hoiI s«rface
air ev uHeri . and 4.LElle inipiLls lo [ he "^ illow and gcumjftotJ conimnn J ics liav e (x^enrred Some ^ relclies of I lie ^ rean
have giUcei "Mder and shalkin^erdie 4o liv efloc k isi:. &inie f ra/in^ jLhct c:ce u rs J VI o* llie mjr^ ins of Pail Creek
fen ^T. Sfinbille. pei\ eon h The lollowingexnJic filaHs are pn^si^il in [ he d rier [UJls of mi>l ol I he
eonmuniMes [ VLSiled: Can^a I hEl le ICiisinm dr^ensL^J^ b«ll 4 lie^le ICiCtinm vilgaje>, oxe>e dajsy iCliiysjri liemin
leneanchenum^pltiriaiirPl.inlLi^osp J F^ih u re grEKC?i di^minai e scmk of tlie dner ptuls of llie wilk^w and "^^dge
eonniu n iljei£ nearlLe nkir^ins of [ lie sile
12X3
Up] ^ND^
RiKipJ hnjkJ Ln^ 4ind L'^LL'niiL>'cLjnlxrbiirrc4 htivc cx-CLirTr^J I hn^u^ houL [ h l'> d uiul^^z , Lind la ^r^mt spr^^ 4 Flci? ■">
Umbf r ImrL-L"! ufi li> LIil' L'd^c of LIie^ wd LomI
IhformatwhNi I PS
Albi^^u^h LuhIusl' hKor> of 4 [ic ^lIl' is nn^dL^d lo help [^xfiltiin hcmk of cIil' c u rrcru 4.oniii]iiEy piil L^nui
Fnillitmorr tiLlioioufh sccsurFCV ls ■D.'dcd. Tli l'> shon Id Lncludc ^ cimpLdc fkin^ lc Ji]VL'n[or> . fix u'^aig
csfKcualLy cw Llii: c^iiT cxjairniii] J L? on 4 [iL' M7L1I h stdc of Llii: crcL'k. in 4idd il ^ Bctbcf
LIioti: ^tji'ii ini '>l]ould help determine [ he cilcnl ol Ihepeul^od Lie 4 tie ^ile Vrki^k l'> u}»:) needL'd KhHIilt IkkJ
kupf'cv^ PuulCr^ekfei i'>neL'ded Ln dcxiini:!]! Llic lenmiio^ phnL 4.oininiiEy elemerus J [he nonheincndofLlie
fciL
ManagementNei ds
T.\^■'\ I ^TOcCUEFlE^^E^^IOi:M^TX]N
S^ n.irionu's IxjirulL"^
Gi
S2
S\ n.irionu'*! l>jrfiiiB
Gi
S2
P k ■_^l mv'l\| u _-h_t u [n jpfCisc fni«
G4.
SJ
I^Li u ki ': UiilI u kxiA^c^oci utTieuLJu ^h mblaAd
G4'^
S4
Cj\rc\ Li^Kictin^ htrbuceoiui vcfctu IDS
G5
S5
^\\V\i\ iL^hh-Lirrxi hL^rbikCszc^'i vc^d KM
G5
S5
C jfL'x n^ rjcu herKx eou^ ^ ndd iofl
G5
S5
CoiEX iQdnxEL herK'PLeou^ ^ ecdd Kna
G5
S5
Ed ula Rland u kxa^ii^ijci LfiieniiT:^ "^hnj bLiul
G4
S4
folix dnnnond iBoa^Eur^ utnc u iLiCLi sh nibLoHl
G5
S5
Pcstbd
Z
Z
Pnikuid
Z
z
121
23 Woods-Beaver-lbribowLdkeCcxnplex
Ldcatmh
La:dHJ Vrd^ nf Whiltllsh E-jkc \n ood tih^ L"4i:ra MmUdna
RjCHNES
Ttic Laics and wd liiDd'> [ htl conipnycLliiS'^^zajcslKEiJIy-fonncd [xIIioIl' LiIll'M hai cxxuron jgt^uLlLlJ
■^u brtnic- TliL" ^^rt Lifcds ixx-iij^' dszpfft-HiLtjn"^ riiZijr Llic ljks_ sstiMiLiI ly flixxlL^I ^njunil bK:h^L\:i LiI:ls ijtI fcL" ^ihiiJIow
mLirgjKSLd LiliikL' ThAi wjIlt "^.^u rLC^ T^ I hL' LiLl's 4ii^ prL^'ipilJl kv lLaJ iikiifJ fi^mnli^ u pLiuls I ^l' h^ dJ jnd*^ £ljc
tl]i:a '>uppJKd wih WLlcr fiDin Llii: Likes, nn^ LikcLy I hiongli (x^c^thtLioaJ "^t^icc ftih^s or giuu euJ wJ tr Thi:sU?
Ku ppon'f L'a. ai^ifsl] jod ^vt ncLidow cimEnu n il k!s ^dnd ^uti ic comrnun il ks^ M I hL"« "^"crL' m^ yL'>jlcd? ^CiilunihiL^
Kcdgt IC4Ik:^ a|icrta> corniniiriLly OLCU pics on? of I hi: jL'pKfisu^n^ T he cl'hLlt of I hi: JE^pn^Sttim Iilsi jn 4iq uti lc k\J
cimaiu n il y. wl]]ch tsTin^L^d by a tniid uf ciinaic^n spikcru*^ C E]i:{:c[L4my [uJih4 cbj ciinaiu n il y^ ^ h ich in Urn d
"f u rTonndcd by Llii: Ciilu aibu hjxI^c cimmu n il y Tin: l]]ghi^4 ptJil ol LIil' CoLu mbij sliH^c coairnnii]! > Iil^ lj k>w (:m'LT oF
dcjd kxi^cjioli: pioc- These [TCCS WL^n: apjx3n:nLJy kilfcd whL^n < lie dcpic&Lon nikd'^Lili wjIlt (jvcriltj^^ inj firmi
RLJLnb<:n^ iJakc aili:r Llic lifavy ^no^ winltrof ]^^7. A bliicfinal n^xlgrHi 4 CjI jaugr^ b iTOAjdcKMS) cuairnnn J>
doniJiLiics jncx her d{:pic»iLon ■L'lar Rtiin b<:n^ L^jke. A h^Iilt "^d tind Lies thH^'CL^n Bsivvrand LuLli: B?4iycr L4ikcs. i e
dornjftjlcd h}' a ^Lender Hcd^ctCtm^^liii^ictiquJcimEniiiiilyuftdt]! u ndcK^Tilx'd cxmirnnnjl > conifxim^ of liL^nburn hi]Jn]'>l]
( £cir|ns tKiil ■">> £LJid ^[iritTtT}' cjoqu^zfoiJ ( E^Htiphylk^Lck's fV^nbu ndti>. CJIojI (T> ptij Li Lk^ h^ud^L^ni
buLiush com rnnnl K!s c:c4. u r Ji LliL' '>l]LiLk^vr [uH "> ol BL'uvLTL^kc Eoaici^l I hi: k^hi'-Jyin^ JocrS lih^u nd 4 [u:sl' tLl:«i e
dorn]utL'd by ^[inci:(F]i:?4is{i^ jnd piipcr bircli ^ Bd iti [epynfciiii. A saiJolL f^a cic4.iis ood h of WcxxJ^ Ljkc^ 4ind i
L'> do nil ii Lie nl by d nixi]ig "t kinder scdgL' coniii]Ui]jl > ^ilh k^sofinKnlojy^i^Lfhy tiul ti hcjvy »::«£ tiyi:r Ththfci l^i
n\L^cd b> Li ti^g or ' ETUid " di^^inai LiH t>}' cjUojI Lind h.^alLL'd scd^ctCurL'^nlnLulLicti}. The upland fom anHftdchm
i^d tii]d'> 1*^ pcixloniJftjnLly £[und f]r^"Li4lldy ^ Abk"^ grjnd LS^LinLonu iiiftindj locr^.
Tlie f amjq^olugy tud hydrok:^> liuv? ml L^r^kzicd Li> ^tik:4 nr: I hL' pLiil conniu n il ks d I his '>jlc. Tin: Likes ljct
"f null CLlclincil (scvtraJ "^ utiiL' miLcs ]■ arciH hjl d [uiii'> ml o ^V hirzHsh biliL' jnd 4 [ic Si iLl^vilcr R ivcr.
Rarfty
SL'^xzrjL ran: pfemrs ccc u r on pcdy ^weL^ st thK> 4^ . Thcx arc "Jtnd^r cr^lon^r^ ^ EnophoniEn giKik) yclkin^
IlkJ > ^^LipjxT (CypnpaliLin cakixiLu'f ^ ^uoii l]L'Lli:lxinnc ^ Epjpucl ls ^i^aricLij. 4ind 4. r^tfiin^ scdgL' lC jn:x
chiHdonhrjdJ ThEi'>jlcalsLil]L^4irj[i:4.oniinii]l>.[hi:Ci>]unibiLi'tJ.'{|^<:amniunily
Otiee Values
Co\DI7T!J^
HLinimf I Lsh mg^ and iH [icr fL'^K'dlKWiil acf ivjl Lcs Lir: piobaM> lhL'ii*l> Lind u'4:s li 4 liis 4 iniL' T[;icl"^ of Ci^nEyf j
Ll]]4 Lc (€ I rsi u m arvcnsc ? blLx.k nirxJ ll ( Nkdjca^> lupuJii j^ lihI nx'd caijr> gri^ C Ph^iLias ^uu nd inLV-c^ih ixcnr m
Llic conimniiJl Lcs LliLC Jiy dowi "^cihoi] jl ly like [ he Dr»iniond\ wiLlo^/hcaliL'^l SL'd^c Ljnd '>pTULL'/flckl hiir^'ttiit
CUfflETlU n ILJl"^
Ufl h \ D B
A In^giig rmdadjuccnl Lo SLmic oFthr wfClaatfe JE!l ubovr the hi^b wdcr naHz blDckm^ 4 [ic oui k^t ofii*i:. Ui^^m^
has ccj-uttliH in I hL' ^.tK^hncnl mchc pud . and [ he uphnd't jr: (^nn^nl l> mjnagcd wih j 4 iml^er cnph^ists Scveial
houH^liave IxL'n hnjk ii* Lin: c^ mdi: of BL'uver LakL' and have [ he fxlE^ni iljL lu com nbuie "^'[i ic L'fflii:nt co 4 lie
sy^cni.
Ihfq rma twhNeed3
Mor: m lonOiitHii U e "^"ai lt ctiejnL^iy [KMt d L'jlhs ptml '^x'cjl"^ Ll'J h b ■l'cJl'^I T^ I hL' fL^n ftiHlli of ^Vixxls Lake
A.4wly ol I his fei'^ liydiology ls jLho ncixleJ Lo dd L'ruimL' ^ he4 tier i drun'^ hcH k lo Lin: nonli and »:)U[ h orjvi
to Ike ncrik
ManagementNi I ni
Mon ikHiig of R:i:d c:jKjr>£ ^J^^ pi^pu Ld lon^ e rn^dDd ki daennine whdl]i:ril l'> ^pci.'^id in^ . and il ho lio^ fL£l. Any
fri nn: I iml^er han'ci skmkL Li nin iKiin JkLorpLirjiL' LhL' dde h r^L^nu^i: nanLi]^<:n]L'nl ^iiflL^^ Jionnd I hL' wdJundiB
122
ElEHENTOtCL P:R>^r> iHFORMATiaN
Gavu inmi^r
G5
S1S2B
Picni Jifi'ctiiitHil iiai jpfCjim: Tj^ai
G4
ST
ALnus vinJthShp ^i n uti^L ^h nibtiMl
G5
S5
CLiLin^L^jTiM Lh L^Ln^'PikLhts liL'rfu:ccn]'> vc^lIlckh]
G4Q
S4
G4Q
S4
CBEm buoLLirfxi hL'rti^^ou^ ^v^dL:c Km
G5
S."^
C'Jizc^ Li^Kxtirfxi hL'rti^^L^^ ^ c^dLC KU]
G5
S5
Chtcj: HKJriLi hcrlxtL^Ju*i ^ l^^m.i K^n
G5
S5
Efcoc hLirts jxiLu^ JT> [i^: jttH.i7<^u*i ^ L^jid J K^n
G5
S5
SciTpu^ L'PLri us }iL'rtuc'L\ms ^ <:gctLi K^n
G5
S."^
r>plLiLiLloLiLi hcrlxtL^Jus ^ L^ctti loa
G5
S."^
T>pli:LlLiiloLiLi hcrlxtL^Jus VL^ctti loa
G5
S."^
Can:^ Jl^n .1 fcL^rttiLi^ou^ ^ cgdLi ujn
G2'^
s:
£alix d nihmond iLinLiVltir."^ ulnLulLcti "^hnibLoHl
G5
S5
Cy|m|>7dhuni pjn Lll^nn
G5
SJ
EpcpuLL b> ^ i^Linccj
G4
s:
12^
24 Woodward Meadows
Ldcatmh
Woodwjnl Mc4idnw IS kicked uJoflg Scmti WtxxJwdnJ CrN^kinltic S^i]i VaJky of non h'^c^ Mrmldnti^ db^iojL LOmiLcs
"^^uLli of SwL^n L^jkc. NOTE Scetic nF I hci sec isoapnvdc Itiods-and LiHk>wi]LT prnnEKioii l^ ■L^'^cd co 4icci:^ 4 [lchc
fon Lons of [ he si [^.
RjCHNES
I his^^diihnd Ilcs m ^ ^LiLijIJy'^riivrL'^ v\i[\^y lI 4 [ic [c>:slop: of I ht Mekioh MounUin Snul h ^ViXKJ w jr^ Creek Huw^
Ll] ruLi^ti I hci Hcc^ wliK h supfHifls u Gcyi^r^ wiLlr^ L ^|]i f cy truaftj) b^loEn "^edcni mJ ccdjc^xik fi:ra (TtiLija
pi ii:^4VUv mftiicarpiin dT>'0[i?nsj nfuiiLiri LirciJ. bh;)^ hiKh L Bet u lti glund u k:«3j cjrr, wl^i sffiiix ^ Piccl^ np ) forftf ^
tud rni. T h Ls sil L' s«|TfHHls n u rnL'Rivs cxjriirniJiiJl Lcs LUETIC of "^ [LLcti tia' forui«l c:^^ Ttic
hydrDti£> oflticsLlt isjMobcilTly LJCo[nbii]Licioi]of2 WLH^r ^mc^cs. Hvifuc? uul suKnTfjcc fti^s Fciiin Siivl [i
^ViHiJwjnl Ci7i:k tind suKnTl^krc fi^^'s fmin I hL' 4« of Llit skipcs immLiH ili?I> wed oflticsilL' !■ tiildiKHi \kcni
tuL' b.'^L^ lt dLiaLsin I hL' 4. r^L'k Lind Itl'^ivlt channi^L^ cxI L^nd mg intoltic wiLIm^ 4iDd si^dgi: cornmui] J lcs. ThL' slIl' is
hyd nitif LC4i]Jy q u il L' cornp][^^ On I ht l'^k side of LIil' crfck is ti long^md Emir^^w mc^ikiw [ h^d I'lmradly jcxmipkx
mLic ri\ L^ WLicr salgi: ICdircx ^nH i]ei)^ bhzukcd »rdgt ICdrc:^ ui ricity j^ ^md B u^ buun's snlge ICdrex bLi^baniniL)
cuffiETiu n il K!s. One "^rnl coc? WL£i 4alj:a Ji LliL' wiicr szdgL' cx^rn rnii]]l > . whK.1] h^kf a l4ijrlv shulkin^ U (kn I hick? m^uiic
hon/(Mi liHiTiL^ i>^ lt LH^t FTH- Lijc k gfcvL^ ch> kxjm liiycr T^l^r: aju TtJiliZiird h:^ hin. h in lIil" cad sidciif [he
ciL^ek hul LliL' dL^]inaiil ^ nib coairnun J > js t] G^zycr's wjlLow/lx^kcJ "^xJ^l' Lc^jnnLiniLy ai Llie Ht>ul h eul LiJjaLcri IoLIie^
T^'cd ciu led cedar fufc^ Geycr^ wilkj^A dranioai cs [ he eiwmu n il y, w J li t^ik^j scdje a»d CnH^k's "axJ^L" ( Caiei
cvtKkjiJ Llic dominajil "^^es in 4 tie undenoiy A Lir^cr pLicti nf 4 [lis ^.ornji^iiil > lx~lii\ oa Llic wc?t side of I hL'
eiL^ek ELCJcb}' £orncof4[LLS4.ornii]iiEy L^ppcjrslohtivL'fonnixJ laL^ filled la K^^i^ lt jx^d. ^u4 [i of 4 [le Enokfo^u* \xi'h
"f idcs i>f 4 [ic ereek Lf 4i wcTtcn red ccdajycxjkfL'ru cxmirnnni > . whK.1] appzaiH co he r^micd on 4i]livEil depL^iIs.
^VL"4en red ccdtir doninaes Llii: overior^'^ wlijcl] 4ilsi> htis nailered "q^TULe The u ndcidiny (.onidins sz'dl! cr^
"^lejrnluak alder ( ^liis iicioAii) UEid Kcxky Moiinitiia uuple LA4.lt ^ bbnnj. wjl [i ilie hL'rttk:eti«s la>er4kmLnded by
caUeri] field hir^'ttiiUEq u mctnin tin'eos:! aul CdntuLi tHa4.lih.TTy {CiHuus t.antiden'^sk 1 n ihcifor^ SiivltL
Wixidwanl Cieek tus a ETicderjeLy deep gi^KlKii! aul lhaI ver^' sjinivs tm whci il h iLs Llie inejiJow co [ he nortti Jl
bhrcomcs ver> low ^rjH leoi dnd siivKwliti siauous I ■ Llie mci^ow J tieie afe deep "^iJl h.'ds on [ he cceek hliomaELd
bchiod l^dverdanh tiul Lliere d aa e^Leosive cimnion nafe's l4ijl ( HifipiiCEi viiJ^ns) cxmi mun il y iJichc^k^ ni^ving
eieek W4iers. [■ tiddjl ion 4o I he □eyer's "^ illow {.omnLiniy ii* Llie wch side ol I he 4. reek. [ here is JLir^e tug biieh
ciiTT ciwifKieTi^d of bctli lxi£ biicL^leoderscdge LCare^ t£h«x:arpLi) aod Ixng bireli^C usiek^ si^dge coEnrnnn itES. The
iLxLer IS formed onasljghly qiakin^ su b^ ry e tikd has a Uller. deimer "^dnd iif bhi^^ bircti! hjn 4 tie fiifmer
cijnaiuniiy € usiek's sedf e dornioji es 4 tu: u nder^iuy iif 4 he \xj^ turch ■'CistLks ned^e umniu n iI y^ and SLdccrcd licury
"^ illows (Salix caAdKJaMre pre^^ni T tie su b^ide e^a L .5iih- deep fx^i layer, we h sctiLered 4. Ia> Jen'«2h pr^seni.
Ttie bo^ b]iuhAlender s[:dge cornmiiiy h js 4in ■ftdeiHc:j> dominaied by lender snlge a^d Biituu m's '4::4l£e 4ii]d yelhuw
Txd^tiCiOzx ftivaj aie miELor cimpimszris A "blender s[:dgeconirniiE> isforvKd 1x4 weei a^d anrand [ hcse earr
cfMiETiu miles and Jl afifcais li> Ix "^Ijgh Ly wetLer Lliani he^' commniiJl ics. PaHsol I he sleuler ned^e umnu n ily sue
on il qViiking su b^rJe and one sin L 4. ore revedled a WLm [ki'ji tiyer o>'cr a ^Leyed ^iOciih- I h^k eLiy tiyer Finally,
tlie weHem liD«ftdiiT> of 4 he siLe is cxjveied 1^' spnjcvVced-iihicr do^w'iXHl uinEnu n il y ( F icei^^i^n n't s:n The
oveidiHy wjs4kminLied byspmce and I he di^ er^' slinj b kiyer w£ls domjuled h}' ^ rranilxjnk aider 4ii]d ^ikler leaved
bueh lion ( R hannus aln ifoljj^ WE ti a small aniou nl of red-osier dci^wxxxJ Thedoninaai grjninoid W4is[eed mannagnsi
(Gl^feriii grind Lf). WE h dwarf red trticklxny L f^nhns pnl>[:sLeKSJ aAd Canuld Ink h Ixny {kwiinari in [he Forbla>'er
Key &4V iplo hw Ewa l F ^ c TOR'S
Ttieie are I hiee inLeEuclin^ fLx.liHH[ht1 d[i>ngly inflnen4.e I hb sec I he sile^ h^'drology is geomorptiolc^y and
bc4i>'er aa ivi > TIlei in4erv.l urn is very CL^^pb:^ and i^ likely Ihiialllhree fLiPilors in fine need djffereni
polls ol I lie HEe Lo vsayi ns de^iees Pjn iif [ he Ml e in Llie wcs siJe of Llie c reel: is a pcjlLind while I he red
oflliemle has a sliallow ofganie la>eri>^'er ninerol nnibi l^iillier inven£or> of 4 he sile is ne4.es^iy co trell er
u ndeiditnd I tic EkiG&tku Ln'e sl]af>»l Wixidwanl Meadow
Allliciaig h 4 tiere are H> kncin^ n nofe plant oceEnrnces ut e he 4 e I liere 4iie »:veial ontdandiig plani cornniini>
cceunenees "^.^me of wh^li aie uneonimon in Mo*4ana Fc»~ e^anple J tie we4 em led eedar/iukfeni dnd spmce^red esKr
dc^wcxxj commnnjl Ks tue bn4 h large ixeineH.es I hdl aie in^cxxJ cond ilxi*^ jnd tHi ti are ^4.0^1^:^ in Monlana-Tlic
sJcnder sedge and Ge^ei's wiliow/facaked sed^e eanininn LlKk, wl]]le eoninoi^ jie abu Lu^e £^ in exeelknl cuwIe ich.
pTt>E Values
T bi^ sUe ap[k:ac> I o [lEovidc uui^and ing wild Ijfe ^abELi ^ bused on llie se ings of £c:«hawk^ nuL^e , gieal blue
1Z4
hciDn^, uod wh itct jlI (fctr mxfc d u no^ rht sdr vi'd The luigt fid npuoKorKd^c [naidowund walking uod Ixng
biKhcurr^ ^VcxxJwjrJ Mc^mIq^' firovjdL' ^uai? impiifldnL wdLind funa km]'> aMl v^r'jlcs. Ginug [eliK flcwi af e^c
cr«:k I hL' ^^ ct kind lL'nipiminl> "diifL^^ s«if£i£c v-*^ lt Lind LtLL^n ULi^'> [^^ik niVA">. This "^"^y lt griJ uuJI> dioios fnm I ht
MiL'dnd Rdin4£UKS Kl rc^Lii]ni>w k1<:r in I hL' s«nnicr. Tlic n] jrik Lind i,hkc jM^^bahJy ub^^ f u nci Lc^n 4o i^aji puH EnLics
tud mnm'i: jnd SL^quLTicr LmjxmaJ L'L^VKilsjnd cxmifx^u nd*^ su4.1] js ptui^phonis jnd hjI ciigL^n j.omjymiids. BccLiimc 4 kc
u pklnd^ ]■ LliL' ivil^zrJicd Iilivc been inip^KlL'd b}' ciud b«ildii]gai]d[iinth.Tl]L^rL-L"4 \kc^ kilLTfunLlKJEUi could bt
incrfuhin^ Vy'ond L h lnp Liu nal hoi^l' of viin Lie i cm ^ i:^ dii: lu ]h. r^^skmI nzJinicai kud*^ in I hL' LiUL'kJ
CoMnmaH
Tbc Htc Bpf:c4iml [o h: in i:;^i:IJL'nL 4.ni]d J Lon Tkc kiMl ls fxi^cd . kj I hf^^rti KdlJy nohuiilinf cct-uiy kcir Thi:rr
turnn (t her obv Lou*^ LoiduHJ^. in I hL' wd I jnd Tkc only t^citic irfeinl kmnd ■■ [ he "^d k]ftd LsCtin^L^lhcik'LCiiHiun
tin'cns:? "> kick cK^uHi js M.LicLL'[rd indL^iduL^L^4ii]d [iiolxjbLv pjsi^sljllLcLliicdlcolkcsiLtdl [levari Th^vz ls^l
"^rnLjLI [K^pnkl Lon iif riNxl cdntiiygnoHS L PliL^kiris ti[Ui]d]ftii«: jj inchc'^'d^c ni?4idm^ o* L h? c^td sjJe^ iif [ h? cun^Il This
c4>irs[:£QK> wh ick forriLS H^n^'cih u [Ts in M.'^tHon^ly llcxidcJ ^^J[^kcs£ii1d fL^n*^ }il£i trcirn LirolnJ Ji LIil' licrjc u n:
tis bhill] ^ n£d ivc umI ciiH LCf pccjL"^ PiifvtdLonMn North ^JTiL^ncdn^LV hi: 4.oii]piis[:d of b<x h uIjvl' ^mcJ ypc^ jnd
Enciipc^ii cik IV jc> L McnglEino and Lcsku l^^S? \i is ujiusul^I co m.'C'^uIJ fx^pu iLic ions of Lli? ^il^hs "^ck l£i 4 bit
Et Wcodwjrd Mcik^ow
Upl^ ^ D3
WhiL? LliL' ^"d kiftd ilsclf dppsLjy 4o K' Ji ^a:d 4.ond iLkm J]i? lund^dpc ii'^kLch il Lsk'CJlcd Iilsi trciri fcuf nn^nlcd
by 4 inihcr kai>v» A ck^zctzcHxi^iid of "IlIc Lind corpiini? LJinbi[:r binds ^u nonnd [ he Ml l' Lind ^ h iJl' sovkz of LIil'
nfuiiL^n for^m ^dnds 4 l' g. I hL' wc^l'ci rLif (.cdajT^ukfi^nL conirnui] J > . whK.1] ls on "^oli: Jjnd ) jcl' iniuLL mucliiif
Lhc sutrkj nd in^ ipljiid k^tsbcL^n bjrFCdcd ji^^rni^cahLsnploLln^cd^^zofLliL' wakrnd Raids tind "^kid L rajbi nig
Llii: sjlc , uuljiig jccl"^ ^ZL^y ^V hiLc LIicte ulLjve ics ]>n«tL' ^unic L h r^Li 4o I hL' s^l^ ^u(:h as incn:ifT[:d ^^in^
dclLvciy lo I hi: wdLind il'sin^ ck jr LIiljc 4 kc k>'d ciiii^gy of I hL' scchL^ h:ci ^ rL^^i Iv iiffmcd.
[■ShDEM hTM^ NeEOS
A Ibiifou^h f]nn.4E invcoiory of th? sc? ls nodcd^ 4K e hciris gncd pn^cri i^d liL^bitLX forLiniiinhtrr^rdEr
pitinis htR:. On ly a cnrs:^ hcui forraj? plani*^ wl£i uxkf l' dn nng [ kc Ml l' vbiil. A h^'dn^igK. ^ndv of [ he "olc l^
abv needed '^kich'^'onld k^iH lotib.'tLerunder^dndingofLlieyrnaureofEhc'fileandEhedLlnbvlLonof pfcinL
conm u n iLjl"^
Fvtiir tiEnter ksuvcl adjtiL^enl ki I he si? "herald cnfikiy ^ cuunhidE^ rrunagerneaf EoncbifftES
El 1» TNTOc EUKREHCE [\ hDE7l ITH]^
Pkki sfi^CT^rn us ^ijloiiferj fiMurf
G3
S3S4
Tknja pljLtia^^ ■incx^rpiu ni d n l^ ens TdiH
G3
S3
So] IX ^cyemBirii^iJci ruir^ijli
G5
S5
C'jizcx niqutlilis hcdx<eou^ vegddio*
G5
£4
C'Jizc^ tn^tuu nui hertuceous vcgdd iDU
GJ
£3
G5
£5
C\:\rc\ nx^ iHa hcdueeouM'e^dd ias
G5
£5
Bet u b gjjnd u lci«i:Vcajc\ Ixiicc^iTiia shivbtaMl
G4
£4
Eel u la gland u ki^n^uci CBbickii shnUand
G''
£3
125
25 Bear Paw Meadow
FiDm O lac V . N^m Emu _ fill kjT^ f<]rc^ Rxid 4^ 7 ran he caM Mdc of U S 9J jtoiiL73 [ruk*> co < lie iitc
RjCHHES
BrarPaw Meadow ^ Lcx:4i«j rai [ he Lno^lnpe iif 4 tie Whjiefmk Rliel^c^ scs ii* uILuviljL nJcTuobi di:fr:«il fd fR'tr glucol
t]ll Ma4 of [ h? "^x.^ LiftJ IS ssK^^ntilLy nixiJcd la LIil' sfno^ ^ hci Llii: ]ri L'niiil4<:iil crMkfi^winf I hirajgli [ he Ml l'
D¥cifknv\ jnd s^i]L]'> d Lif usl' su dLH.c flcin^ lH'lt LliL' skifiLEif . h u m rmicky 4ind 4 L'Ji;!^^^^ Dixxlptji ThL' sec di^uKS Jrio
fwiACr^L'k T[LC4.ran|Ttx aiicciilupLi^Euphy iif tiu aimiict^. (.luancbi. sLou^ hs ljeuJ jxiols crcdcs ^ (xrinfiLci vcgflLi icn
rnn«i:3LC Ldr^c [^4. hcs l^ Silkj jLdcr ^ ^]iv> vmdis "^p. '>jiu£y j^in: 4 [k: nic:^ d N Jkd jvi: (^ranniinLly ^ Lh?'>jlc,
Ll]c> nccurii* [lie imwi 4o ^"cl '>kifin£ flcxidpijiii. Muc [i Ld~4 hL' slIl' is dominji l'^I hy^^ htiid-Li>4.]js>]fy (^cwiniiaLly
vykixik htis In4s nf jxictiy coniftr icgi^ncnjHi* ThciCULild hi:4iD c^dy^'cul sprw^L' co[nrni]i]J> Bcsida>p1chv
spniCL'UEid kHlg^pi^k' pjiL' IPin u'f 4.ra]lc)ft jj rcgL^ocrJ ion LIil' coEnmiiJl > 't«|TfHHl'> bLrk (^i^loah^txiJ ( Fopn lv>
bub^uTiLfi^rLi »ip tnchicLjqxjJ^ [>TiJ rnimiftd^ wj]|jw ( S jLi:^ d niinni^Eid L^iftj^ SjI tLi aJdiT. uldi:r-k jv^ bucll tLurn ^ R h:Linav>
ulai^uluj}, hJicjrari Kcd2RiUi(Ctitiinj^ni»L'>C4inLidL'n'^ish, biuaiL'LBnmiu'^sfi^ tud "^"(xxj rccJ (Cinii j np ) Thi^sUc
tibu lixi MiffK sm jLI [Eiic hi^ i^ Imiairnraid's wi]k>w (x>innu n iLy. TliL'ci' 4irc »:vtrLd srnLjl] dcpic:»iLC)n'f ii* l1][^
tur draniQLii cd by t]i ii]flLicdsaJgL'CCajciycsiC4irm>craninLiaEy The u pbnds L^n: a (^ranbioLii ua nf sffinrc/bci^ lily
C PiE'Cd hp ^linLraiiii iiiftirj) tiod giLiid Tic^teLipJ LiJy ( ^hjcs £ rjnd is/C I inkiflEi u aillora? fom
\ibt &V iPLO Hw Ewa L F ^ c nhaj;
Ttic h>'d[uti|^ nf 4 [ii: slIl' M.'cnh 4o be LIil' Jtiv]i^ fjaor 4 nmi u rin^ pfeLJil ciwim u n irirs J BmrPtiw Mcidra^ Allliraigl]
no bc^ivtr LKl IV Lty W4is obs^nvJ d u rin^ I Ll' slIl' ^ isc il \ jxkm bkM h.i b^^L^^r pLiyL'^l L^n laifx^rtaul n^L? \n
ciu^ i[L£ I lii: wet hod JiLln^flnl [iLicc^ jnd [ hd IhLNrcurTL'ru jbN-'ru-L'isiQtfHiVtibLcfortlit silcdr^'in^'tOinL'^h^
tiMl ulkin^ Ln^ con if?r rc^cin^d Lon lopru^ccd.
RhEITV
Nu iLirc pLints or cimmu n iLjcs mc kncin^ a fcim I hL' sec
Qti>e Values
Jim V^Liidcrfciird ohvrvcd hcwk tv^ur d igg]igs t1 Ihci'Jc.
HLiEuing E pfDlHbLy Lilt gkI> c uncu bndiif oTi Its wctluDd. No cxctKS wcr iccoidal on I kc rKldicnn
Vfi h ^ n ^
Lof^in^ in^s iiE^ijrly su riDiiiid E he siLt. tiMl LliE^tr is ciJciUJV'c E iinher hLirvE^id ocurby
IhFO RMATW H Ni I n^
Atbofou^h niirlK. invcaior^orihcscc l'> ocfdcJ^ 4K wclJ l£i houii: rL"4:4ii^l] oa I he [LEtra> oflticsLle Ckihcr
inspxJ Km of 4 [ic site for ">]£»> of liidorK br^ivcr jct ivjl y "^nu Lf 4ilsQ be hcLp^il]! u ndcrdandjig Llic '>jlc
h idoiy
MAHASEMEHTNrLn^
Aa> fuEn re [ imhcr liLiTL'c^ ^y Lliis "^ c needs li> cnpkjy s mimynlc iKiJiuiicincnl /one hifTciy t1 jninirniun
El >7I I M Oc CURREHCE [^ I OW:l\ M Kj^
ALn u*^ ^ indth ssp sin ulI^l sh ru bLiMl
G5
S5
SaJ IX d nnaicmd i^ma stinhtiiid
G5
S5
Curtx vr^iToru htH:uxui]'> vcgclLi irai
G5
S5
12£
26 Blanchardl^e
T [iLS sUi: IS ti Ijcgt ^Ilku] fxc hok' LiIj: foruinl in ^Iljc mL 4 lI] Tin: nhifcs L^nd jnEncJcii dv su rFn]i]d]ig uphods
tiiL'. fiif [ he mcKd pufi . gL'nlJy slopjig TIiltl' aiu LIiki: loicrmjlccri ccrckslbdl fi^w inLo Bijncbjrd Ltikc hnl
"^ [id hi:r I hL"4: or gn^u nd'^'^ lt is LliL' |)f iiniiT> ^Ucr^uurcc lseux kuvA ji. No ii«l Hiva c^li jn ncbi jcl' stiiiw'i on IhL'Icpa
rnufi Tht tilLf svpfKHls caicrgi^ru wctbnd coainiunjl lcs tironnd [ he iLike InigL' jod I hL'iv eneul tiL ruK plH1lL■[l^ of 4 [it
Ijke^ Llii: nonl] end. Cdlldi] (Typfc J Ld ifiilL^ii lecd 4. jomy^ riui ( Phtitms eltu nd inLiLc^it jod slEMidcr »zJgL' ^ Caiei
Il£iLC>:4IT^> comniiE ic^ domio^ i: 4 [le evKi^eri nmiaini] il ks. Tlii^re l^ 4|[m> ti GL'bb\ wiLlo^ (SjIji b^bbLLiAJ) cuEnrnnii iLy
on pjniif Itie Likcslioie ^1 Llii^limeol I lie s«n ■:> . it W4KnixiJL:d by 4^^^ ol ^Uer^nd [L4id ^ Lie LL'crd 4i:LipJ
( pfusu m jbLy Jii: 4o flcxided cond i ions? pjjxT biKh ^ Ed uk] pip^'nfLTJ) ThL"^: jcl' ■■■simJIy flcxidcJ ciiwlE ions Ebr
GL'bb^ wilkin^ . 4 [iLS Lilj.'shorL' Lcunnu nily ls^lIJ b^iag tiffccLcd b}' hi^'h woli^rkvelsKsvking fiom [k:l^v> ^mli:r
1 9*^7 HMVA'S- Tlic flcxi ing- Lai^ L^ L^od sitwKJ^crt ixiujiK. hal ciTmniu n iLjl"^ aju d n l^k:. T he dccjx^ /one apfcarMo be
doETUiLlnJ hv wjIl^cIlIv ^ Nnplitir ^p h "^ h lIl' la "diji hi Ly shiUk^^^ lt ^iier W4iL'[^kKJd ( B r^then i^mctirebcn} d
doETUianL W^ er miLFuiL IN^ynopliyllin np HomjutL's la nome^ h^ sliLiLlower woler^ dnd wi^er ^m Jd weed ( Folygmim
tiMi[i[LLbinni> El 4kmLntii4 Ji Llie sliLjlk^'e^ ;x)ne ^"SiixiLiced LX[u^y k. sp^c les jh. Inde 4.L^rnn:p:^n hkilder^x^rt |L\rieitiim
vu Igarisj^ griHfr k^ved fond^eL'd LPulanxigdon£QirnjiL'u\|.and Lon^-^LJk^d [uodh^L^Td l P^^^AnHigdLU pn3[:)j[L£iUi|
Kf^ &V IKO HII ENTH L F^CTOIS
Ttie i^avhorpliL^ig} umd hyd rak^y pnnnJe ii Laf°e au^ dJveI^c rkuHa^-luived iimI su bmL'cged jqnti le pLinL (.UKmuaLly.
SevenL rjre ptinls CK^nrol Bhochjnl LakL' T hcse aie ulL 4iq u J le spccjes [ hey tire W4ie[^kKld^ pygn> ^Uerlil^
C Mvmfihaea [c4 [u^onti h jod ^iicrb«lnsk(ScLrpussnNemimL^Lis? Nj iLire pbnL (.L^innu riLlJL"^ cxeur d IhtssJc,
tikhoLi^h Liq Li£d Le etmaiu n iLjls haveal hi^en ckbihi lied lI I he 4 ime id" I hb enLiy
C>Ti>E Values
FkxiJig £ loK of tilf^ iiceir in 4 [lc ofcn W4iter of I he til^e ^V hetlier tl]e« tire dne to n utneoi ktLjdiig eaused b^
"Kfil le efflneni iir d Lie [o ■■! nenis from de4.LJ> inf fincded ve^dEii ua is u n kncin^ a Tkuf d d hi^kLy pnid ucl ive Likc^
buL enl roph iii^y Loa is LJ jx^ enLul [ kred
Cp^niTTiiM
Re^-reJ K^ftiil uses like fiskin^ are [he pnnury kinJusi: , ^ h ich w ill piobtjUy iKn^mr'^Ltli tnciGtuig populdion
pre^nre Rce^l clul4IT>'2 [;i>s ls oie of [ he dL^ininanl cvKi^cri pljnLspxies Tku^ lav^thivc ^oiss [k:m:s ti LIikjI co I kc
ct her evKi^eri coEnmnn J les d The sec Pi):e.mc\niK fcik^ o[:eu r in [ he Ijtzc.
TJpihsna
Several ne^ Lir^c kooKS cccn r ]■ tlie Like bcsin aftd Fut u re su bd Lvmin* pmbahly fr:«?i one of 4 ke ^retld IhreJs
Lo4ke mLe^ny iif 4 ke EHiulic commiiiy Lo^^in^dnd ir^- tniLd mg k^ive ix^irred inlke u pkmds lirivuI Llie Like
iHFORrnATWHNi I n^
PerM^^ence iif 4 he py^mv wdlerlily and W4iter hu Inj't h pLifntii uos need co be confLnncd - 1 hesc ^'ciriit ctccrvcd
d u no^ I he site Vise I a LxJd e ion , iifonmi ion d leeded ii* the WLicr »:)u n.es aod liydiologvofche lake.
ManagementNi Ens
A ^vUer4|«iil J > imiflEonn^ pn:^ Riin ls needed kir B bEU-hmd Ltike co evaluai e 4 ke degiee iif enl n^itd ion Thi
in Femiai Kja eeiLikl be iscd 4o liel p naiolaia ^vUerq«iilri> b^ LEnprnvinf Lud aitikJ^cvKri in [he busin
127
ELEkl ENTOc CURREHCE [": I [^Rbl ^TXJN
^j\\\\ b^^hhi.hnLi ^li ju bLiftd
G5
S5
PllLdLiTiS LiTlftdlQ^^Z^J htrtuCCDIUk VCfCtd ID!
G5
S5
CoirX ttUDCtinKJ htrfoccDvs vc^d KM
G5
S5
Typfca bifblEL bcibocfous vc^nsiLaa
G5
S5
EnEcnia ^hT^bcri
G5
S2
NynnhaEatftraRDaa fifln Ititer^ii
G5T5
SI
G4G5
S2
12^
27 Bowen Creek Fen
Gowci Creek Fta IS Icic^cd in 4 hL' StilLsli Muu [l£tll[l^ iif aofi hwL'Tlcri] MonLL^ruL ■L'^irctie b<)u ndtuy 1x4 w«:i] [ he Ftii hmd
t]ftd Kcxceftiii NiiKmjl Fdi«^ Ttie siLi: ielcIwIc^ ^ SEmilL 4 nbulaiy iif Bc^?i Ciei:k "^ [llc[l Heine's ielIo Gccd C ret k uod
Ll]cSlLl]wucrR]vtr
RjCHHEB
dicjm. W^ lt L'ruciH [lie p."^ Lmd frc^mchcctd tud Rcin^'s niHJy jl rvsi I hL' sudtiL? of I hL' [h:^ lowdr^ Iht
"^^uLliihVH Sphj^num is pfc^oniinLinc i>^ lt imid of 4 [ii: fL^n svif^LC and hjsfiifrncil liiinnccks 6- LO inchest [3-25 cn|
LLiLl.Thc k^LTii^inH L'nd iif 4 hc^d Liiid h^LS ai tict]Vi: bciivi^r jx^d ^ind LiJ|Jc<:i]l ^^J[^k Bc^ birch IBftnlj gLmdnkvij)
tud smaJltr tiMULirus of tic^oy w]lk:n^ L ^|]\ c^nd id jj tm: jnpLidanl "^hnibs SJL^ndcr ^^gc 4 C4iK\ LsiLcx'dr^^ bc4ikcd
KdgclQoci uLncLiLdd). aftd pu rpt (:iH|idbLU Pucri lIIj pLi]i4 nsj tiiL' conirnon [icrttiLctivs "qKCJL"^ Non hcni txj^
ItETim ing (SynufHuny^ bofcdci)^ J Niinlicra Rl^^ ion s^imc l>v spocjcs, licl' kftiVA'ii [o iiccir in 4 [ic fL^n Kidnc^'-lmr
violfl I V ioIj fL'riLloLi jj. 4iLso HTKSC ivl'. (xcu c> ij]^ rcmn tik^EL^ J Hfli^dl ccrck SnlKiipinc I Ir L Atrti^s iLfiKK^ii]:^! 4ii]d
IndgcfuL? pim: L Pjivs coruontii doaiiTiLicc LliL' skifcs £idj jcl'jiI collis: fL^n
KfvE^^ iP.jhs>rE^ Ki R^cmRS
Th^ Lrnpcdcd d ruiL^c c ju^'d h^'chc lx4i¥crd£unEUKl tlicimJ-fDnrung nc^^ I kcmbclvcs roioieueui ioitiiiLdcd cond J nos
^tvciLiblt lu I ht £ pht]£ iLins jnd it tier fca species.
Bowci Creek Fta IS ti 2a>H l^:^ jnipk' of u pcd Liul domiulc^l pfiiTkinly b> Sph^nnin mcvihJ.'s Smch pcu lunds licl'
uneoffiETion
in NkiQitiftj G [Tca-k-'elc^l 4.^:4 lon^rjHf (E riophoniEn virjdKLjnoLii inj tud northern hiig lemming ( Svimfiornys Ixirciolus)^
Njd fcL^iu KcgKH "^qsUji'l" sfceies- ixeu r in < lie fen K id ncj'-Jcjf vtoleH V lob iraLfoLuj L^pcv^rt akjns^lie
dRiiiL^e upr^r^m from L he open fen.
Oti>e Values
Bowei Cie^ FcK W3S Eitkcdcd 4ci Managtmcnt Aiea 12 T nfunaA arr^l ii I he I^TFisiieud Ford Pbfl. Timber
htirvci El ic:h rolled in I [lis M A co pn^ ctl TijxjcEin vegcttl ion jnd WLxerqutdity
UrLAtfna
AdjticeH Lind*^ mc "^ LlliJi MA ]5 whEh enph^tsj/cs I lEnbcr piridniiT ion.
AddtioBal sfliYcys iilong [ he nuin Hen of Bowcn C reck afL' ■L'eded [o dcbic^le pLHiibJcSI A Ix^undtuics AddLiHrnjI
tmppaig fcr non tieni bag Icnmiig in [ he ^eaciLiJ tirca "^^ts rccimmcEid cd in ]^J b> liEnReiclicL MontmaP^irol
HentiJ^e Pni^rtun
ManagementNi I ni
El T^l r^rOc CUKREHCE [\ hDEJ^ ITiON
Svnurionn's l>^rciilis
G4
S2
P h.LM \p:^ ,^jm,vi riy^ is eaiadcisiE Ened
GJ
S3
Bet u ki i^ Lbnil u k:^,L'LLLn.'x utncitia sh nbfeiMl
G4n
S4
Cjrc\ LisiiM.Lirrxi ^ J itujceois ve^d ID!
G5
£5
Pcdtind
Z
Z
129
28 CiydBlFen
Luc \ I ^f>^
CiyAjLFci i'>kK'^LiH in I hL' Nf l^ioh Mou ncLnn*^ W ■Jdi^mc'Ss la I ^l' c^vi fccilijIL^ iif [ h? "^^uLIil^ci M L'SttLia Mmstuiis
nciir Lht hmJ W4iL'c> of LhL' £ W4ifi RiVLTtiulonc mjk CLitl of Ciy4 jI Ljkc I From Hh^ y S j ol [ he d ivjJl' thH^^m 4 he
ClKifwJcrjnd Svyuj\ nv^zis Lum wl^ in El^ivci Cn.^!: ficxipJ^FE Rd ^C!6j T cavcl Hti* liwiM on ^C!6 fiif 4.13 ^ miLcsto
tlic I raiLhc4id forTnim H]ktOJ nik' nojlli co jikLki* ^ il h T qii] J5 1 ol [ he tnp of tin: Tidf ?. [ [ici ^^uLliwcf
Rif L miLclochc \KAn\ ubuvt I [ic scuc h^'cl ix]ntrnf4[LC wctLuid Jvtbibk to i be non h fmn I ihj l> Hike dowGlDfic
crcNr-ciivii ry co fL^n
Ttic hitt con^L4^ nf J nid- tJtvU Lcm ]xi*d aftd prolLind ixcnpy in^ j nid-^Lopz b^Kh icur tin: Iic^wljccih of [lit SwLin
R]vtr Tht powl L'>dci:p C4L J accrs in si^l' jnd fringed "^ lIIi floJ Jig or^^jc ntl^ fcjluTiiig Ctir:;^ liv idti ljhI
Dmitra uh^Ieli E^ nf Iht [unJ L'>t] 1 4ic'n: L'^poftSL' iif C^rtx Liuiictifjxj U[itiMl'> su rnivftdin^ I hi: wl^i bnd 1i:j¥cel
hrgi: compom^nc iif wf^ L'ra Lin-li ^ Ljn;^ cc(:idi:i]|jl L'>i kidfcpiik fiinc ( Pjii]'> cii*4oda? is coEnmrm on I hL' kiiflh ^idc
of tbt watud
Kn &V iPLO Hw Ewa L F ^ c Tonj;
^4ittr inpnl vyk\^k mjintJinschc high woli^rtjbLc ls (:nl kul 4o I ht sitt ^'acr »nnE^c muy he sctf^t from 4 ht S'^^i
R3Vi:rtD[hc^al
FUiriY
OriEE Values
CrmdjlLon
UpLhHDS
iHFORMATlPHNECD'i
I IE ml bcH^uiictJ Hvrvc^'s cond nci cd b}' S EticlLy jnd S ClitiJdi^Ln 1992.
ManagementNeeds
El HI I M OC CUi.REHCE [-^ I OWil\ M KJ^
LFnbd
Z
Z
DlQKIBBaRlku
G5
S2
CUFTX livid EL
G5
SJ
13Q
29 FoDlhills Meadow
Fnol hiLL'> Mi:4idc:n^ islcicJcd inltic Sv^m VaJky of non h'^cd N^oul jnti m [ he Sn«p Cici:k dninugL' tibi^ui^ aijlL:4> »:)li£ h
oF Swja L^jkc N^ifllanj
Fnol hiLL'> M?4ido^ is u sf ri»> oF 4 wdLind't ^ ru ig tik^o^ ^ 4 ntmmy iiT Sou p C rL^ck Lie 4 [ic bcthc iif [ he SwjnKdn^c
Each iif 4 [ic "^d Loids htis d Jci^iiiflL' th.'uvLTdL^rn inlhL' wclJ jnd. aid "^^rnctiinLS axon: [h^u one ThL' c^vieniiniid
i^d tind (.onldins 5 commiiE ics hcukcd s[:dge LCjfL^h; ul CKuLm^^ 4iwncJ "^^e ^ Caiei d [icnidcsi jnd Di^rnmo*
"f pi)j:nsk ( ELciic htins jxiLu^nsKornmiiE ics Ji Llii: sliLjIkx^ nujiyli aiou nd I ht Raf° in^s WLier [iochlIjiI inltic
■wjk- btKcomLiH d«prni3D»fc m [ he cl^hI lt ol I fcL" ^ct laad _ aiHl "^pruLL^VRzd-tKiLT dc^i^txx] L PjccaVConis "^"riLL^J forc^
titiDi'L' 4 [k: sh£ JLow mjr^ti comrninjl > TLl' bHz^vcrdjrn ai tlit rmLkJ LsinLad tiod micrgnin^ a wil h tikJcr "^ Llk>w , jod
dc^'^xxxJ Thnc Ls a dcfln Jc stiorL'ljii: 4. uL b> xviivt 4ia irm oa I ht sti4 [i suk of [ he "^d LjhI. fti>w qiiLli: j hJ jbuvc
LicpTChtnL wjlcr level- Lnd LC£y in£ Lim lie Ml L" iiKC "^iifcd jmife wJcr Ai yi>u pnigiuwi 4k>wii [ he eicct. jtn «>iik
LoIIlc neU ^"d Ljftd^ wliic h d j complex iif fea. Emirsk^ jnd foiled wdliind.The lorL"led ^ftlaod is t] yen' setuLI
pdt:]] of ^ol eru i^ cixJar/OLikreni (Th uj J j^KLiii^^ > ETincK'drpiu rn d n^o]1 L'rLS? ^ b> nJd f ro^l li cedar
Tliw cranniiaity ^rjdcs iilo spnw-tyred CTiier do^ft-otxj focH TIil" Hffuce ajc iiivud inj Jn jdjai^enL . fairiy d r> tcaicd
■^gc comniinily ^^ Kicli ]■> TftutJi cd fiom a fL^n !>}■ tincc tier th."jvcrd jrn_ T he fcji i-^nigLi^ b^ a ianl-Lo-cLHjfy h:^
biKhcBdLiLintiu)c(miniuLJl>. whiLl] hn^im underdiH^' wih ■■ii>[:ious l'^^jl T^rti^ in sjx:4s. ThL' L^a is donuulL'^l by
"fkridcrwdgcLCare^ bhKxarpLi) ^ iLli a sp^uHC in'L'rnor^' of lianbicn hnJrusl] ^ ^iipns ^^uLns? A»K:cEii ed s^eclcs
tut Eiituu m's ■9:d£c ( Caiet huslxmaiui yeLkj^^ scdje (CtifCit flav^l j rcta scdje (Ctireit cwdenl cofc-^Rxi f Pdjsil cs
KogiLLic us^ nod [lctti bvgle^'eed {LycofiuMiiijniif us? \xj^ tm. kbcdn IN^tn yiiri lies [ rilolitlai sltnder spikerimk
( Ekcichans Lennis^ and Kdlin^ kihclu (LolieLia kaLmjiJ A^uilt^oie re^'caJLiH j pcti dcflli of ahiivl ^UrErubovca
£ le>cd ciiiy tiyer Theit^L wdJjnd diVA'i]4 retm is mncli ^'dccr tlian I lie pfcv lou*^ 4 h^tK jnd d 4. harjcl tri/ed by
"v^ tmJ LV.I ivc Ixavcr d4inis "^ liLch havt [undcd wjIltijiIo awiiL'd scd^caul b^-jL.'d h^^c n1a[^kconnlI]^llK^s^ wliKhgiade
iBtD a DruiTm^nd y wilkin^ybcdkcd "^"d^cCSalLKdrumnondujiLVU^LJCi uLncnLdJ? skru bland
Kn &V iPLO Hw Ewa L E ^ c Toaj;
G ronDd "^"ai er f[im I ht £ou p € reek tnbntar}' aKf unpcrvftdncii of ^v^crund Kdincsrs by bea^'crdunLS have trcei major
&noi2> dnving [ he tamalian of Lhe pfeinL conEnu n lLioi in I tioie wa land^
RARnr
Tlicic Lsafx^pultiioniif >c]k)w I^J > ^ slipper ^ C > prifcdiin pucF ifk^nnj inihAi bh;)^ hjrcli cair d IIleiScc Tbr
pcdlLind bJs pLccri Ltd liabiLLi fon^heritirepijiit spc^-ies buL UKie wen: fiivftd d u nn^ my ciisoiy s«rvey
Q her Values
Tlic I:e4iyer [K^nds 4i [ Ills SLie liavc creai ed que ti bil ofliabLtLicdivcr^ily Then: u^ an 4KT ive h:aver dan ]■ one
ol Llie wa lands, and [ heie is a dncd onl bcJv'crpLmd ]■ aftiH lieriif [ he "^d kinds. Tliis liabilLic divcisil y pn^viJcs
e\4.elLeri wildlife habJal NfuusL^si^n WLis SLvn Ji one arci, jnd sfidccd frogs "^cic i^^cn in j|] LIikc wet lands I hJ
I visited.
CP'SniTlQM
H u nier. pcnhibly use tlie i^^rt Itiids m [ he faJI Liij^inj fct^ iiccined ^JuLli of Llie Nng bi reli can i n < lie pril land
Part L^ili^ Lo^^L^l kife^ ngh ne^c 4o I he carr jpfXMiud Ll^ bk: a "^pnjLe-'l IckJ Iil^jt^I^uI l Pkc^lVElj uisJ in acL en^'j
cimniunily TjnlxrbjrFed ab:uK?irrcd n^hi 4o I he edf e of I he we^enncH wetland T\bz prL"4.'n4.e l^ e^aiLsin
tlie p.'^y tind su^ols I hid K)rnediduttunce4.oi]Jd haveltiken pticc t here Ji Llie ]xi4 o]>:n ing t lie "^ny to weals
Eiux ics ixcincd in j nu nbcr iif pltiri comrnnii]! lcs. Ftiches of Canjda I hci le ^Cjisjin aR en'^'j aul reed canaty
C Phatms aru nd inLEetii (xcnr in d ner jxirts iif 4 lie bcukcd "^^d^c comnnnily all houg h 4 III^ inv^thivc £ tu^ h^thi^
tegiiLodnnintle Itirgepurtsiif llic h^'dkindsyd Thepetiland aL^h^LS»:)rnee;uxics Ji il Forc\ain|Tk Iherctirc
"Vdllercd nitirsh »::n^i h ud k C Sonchis n hginosu*^) ji tlic lender salge 4.ornniiiEy aul Llie cair liah pLlclics of h igli
cin'er of nxosh si>w1 hci le. Canada I hci le aid mnJkji ( VeH^Jhcu m t haphvsi. Tlijs is one of Llie few [CLic lands in
"^liLch I en4.onnl ered t h Ls niaiy eiiH Lcs.
L>EAHDJ
A^ BtJted above, [bim ^ands have been krgged nglil uplc The edge r^ the wetlund in sjx:4s. 4ind 4 here Iilti h:ci
addi lonal kiggin^ ^ il hin I he drainage ipd trnn N^kiggjig RXkf s eirt^ t he ^"d Itikds. but HeveraL 4. ris^ 4 lie Si^p
Cicek 4 nbnlaiy whiLli fk>ws inlo the ih'cl Likd The pfeseftLC ol e'ux ics Ji Llie p.^^ 1:lm1 su^^e^s 4 hai SDmc
d Ltirbuue cou Id haveLdkciplat-ellicie in the puH . opciin^ Ihe wa> Lo weeds
Ihformatiph Needs
A uxwc dflEukd laidEC hidofyor[hc^'cttiHl'irn]gh ln^LpclLinfy^tiy weed kvL'L'>uju r^ljlJVL'ly [iL^h la^oini^iif
Llics: "^d tind ccTinnu aLl]f^ 1 f LliL"?? "^il fs wi:r: [UJt of t] ^ ri/in^ jlkn aicri ]i[hiZ]%Ei Lln^ac^lL? u^coiilrl Live
spr^al L hi: WK4fc>. However. Li^ tib» pus±iibLc Lhd wiULifc tud llud u^iag wJcr kvels jic rrf^jx^iui]!}!:.
MahagemthtNi I P^
l^ul ire I III I k f hLLPrV^ HhiviLJ enipio}' » r^LiaL'^ide JinnLi^^zinenL /lUie huflcis le^L co 4 [i^: wdLiDd'^ Jn LiddilKm.
rnrmjlurjig of Lhe rccd (: JEmjy^ rL£u> fx^pu iLic ion h^tivkJ K' lieLpI uL 4o dctcnnioc whdliLT il ^ jh. r^LSiin^ jnd h^hdliLT
rnL^n^inenL ^biljL^ ls WLirruiiccd Lnt^cwIioJ il w [iLle Jevcbi jr: kpfy
EL£7I I M OC CURREHCE [^ I ORbl \^nQY^
Pkki *.ri''a^rii u^ ^ijJniiferj fiMurf
G3
S3Si
T\l\i\'j\ pliLti^L^^v nncx^rpiu ni d r'l^ tns fni«
G3
S3
Cure^ nx^rtLi hcita^coos vt^d^d na
G5
S5
ELctxhLiris ntilu^n^ he jttin7<^u*i ^ L^jid J ua
G5
S5
EqLiL'^Tuni fli^LUilc hcrKx l^^u^ ^ l^dlI^iJ ua
G5
£5
Can:^ .illiL"nxlL"> h^: rk ^ ^__l uhti
G5
£5
Sulix d nnETiond ia[m^tirL'\ ui nt u Licti sh rublaAd
G5
S5
Pcituid
Z
Z
C V pn [Kd i ■ n |iar> ifla nn
G5
£3
132
30 Logan Creek Meadow
Lc|^ Cictk Mc^ow c:c4. u r^ 1^ a LnbuL jcy Ln L()£^ C R:i:k Ji Llii: SuJciti Mii«il4Ui'> of iiLHili'^al N^ifllanLJ
RjCHHES
TtiL^ sUt nccurt dinag a ^rnuLI km-^ oid iL^nc JricTuiJllcil LTihi]l4ir> of LogjnCnN:!: £cvi:raJold jbcmdruinj h^avtr
dunh jlon^4hs:ciUL'kbuckihiis:ripiiiloshtilk:n^ j»^ Wdspnc? liifL'^ f-L^i Jii^uyh Liftdc4iTrcimmunilK!scx:4.ur
tifound 4 [i^^hL' th."jvs:r piiwlv \Honc nun'c^ ip [ h? creek, d pJIcni of conunii il il's i^pc;!^ il^lf ^^[mJk^w fx^nd "^Lili
Its bhitLnin cuvcicd by4[LcaJg4KChani!i[i , is '>i]tri«kJ i^d b> l^ nod^c cimmu n il y. i:il hi^r b.'alLcd mxI^c (Clid.'^
ut ncitMu? orskftdLT "^"^f^: C C£Lrc\ IjsKE^irp^U 4.oinnu niLJc^ T he fx^nd nay havL' l^ ^and of "^"ai lt lioisatiiL iicciinnf
onskil]QW aiud njl'>.Tl]L''tJ.'{l^ci:imniunily ^ridL's JrioLmkrub4.oinnLiaLly4isonc aiov'cs L^W4iy fmrn [ he fx^od Bog
bi rcli^tleidi^r "^"dj^c C Bd iti f I^Eid LikiKo^ari:^ Umicafj^j^ hiig biKk^lx^^kcd "^^l' Lind Dnimnu^d's'MlkvA'/lK'^ikL'^l
"^gi: 4 SaJi;^ dniEnmiifldijnti^un:^ ■! ncuLiJj "^h nibLiftds tiIU>Lcu r akm^ Lhis "d nig ol v-'cl LihK ThL' stinjbijnd 4 hei
2 RidL's Jrio L^ Hff uci:^hJLicji>]ri ici^d^ia^ lorc^ hi^kvA'chc ncn hc^n'LTdLiai v-ki^k lomiL^ELuhcrpLiEid Sojlcx^rc^
tjkcn in so'crdL iif [ he cimaiu n It jcs rtyc4iJL'd iif^tmu. "^^ils ranging in [ h ickoc^ I cim JC^ 7C>Lin Tht ■pfeinds arc
domiutL'd by spncc ( Fjccd s{i ) LcdfCfuLe [hhl' l PJi v> cooiona} bu nctitETT^' (Coruus mi jdcKM^^ ^uid Ldbrailuf le^
C Lfd u m ^laHlik^Liai)
K^¥ &V IPLO HW EHTK 1 F^ C TQ15
Bfavtr EEti^ Lty hih n ruo^Ly laflitnccd [ he vcgd^t ion ai LlnssJc.
Th^TZ Lst] fx^pu iLic KU] uf [ he raicphnc kidiiL'y-kLival vtoJd ^ V k>1j iL^ailuLmJ^ l1 [ [lls sitt \i nccnrtoi rnciH>y
iodwud kitffirncKkb ]■ [ he wcl sprucL' foiefl
Qtiee Vmifj;
Laj^e bcjrHctls aH Lcr nihb]ip>_ and [mxKe tniL ky wcr: obwrrved mlicsilL" NQCiinert K^l^ lt tii:l iv ly wim
obwzn'cd
Ttieie art pn^btjbLy noLoAdiHcsd IliissJe bui hiriing Turesof rcnJ caAjr^'grsK 4 PhaLiny dniod inaced? Cjq^j
tl] l4 Le (CiiMiiin tin'L'Qsi:! uod hu l] Lliid Lc (Cir^nin vu Ig^fL') jcl' pfcwri ji LIil' hj-iH^^: tiul "^h m b comrnni] il ks. Thf^
cidLcsccnkJ pnt^Jltircd LotliciJe inltie fri urr w J [i cbaigc^ la Lhi: [lydrokigK rc^ iim:. "^ ildJift dci uitsuice^
or ctliLT d 1^1 id^icc
UrLAtfna
Lc^inf hjsix^cLirred jh [ he uplands ic^ir [ he sjle jod u kiggio^ n:ud nirui jLon^ 4 [le bohL'iif [he h iJI li 4 [le »jli£ h
edgtuTlhe '^'etLuid.
lHFaRMAi»H Needs
Maha gemehtNi I D^
^lon ikHing of LliL' ji-'L^d 4. jruLjyf RiUi popu Li ion d icedcd 4o ddcrnnnc "^ [id ^lt Jl 's l^u.Ie4l^^■g in l^^Ll^hL tind jfsa^
hipfy quickly
ElEU ENTOc EUKREHCE [\ hORbl ^TXJN
Pk^ bf^cidofnagiod \s{ can^to^i^ foici
G3
S3
Eel u la gland uki^iaex utncaba sb labbMl
G4''
S4
Cairx bsDcaqn brrtflccovs ve^d km
G5
£5
CaiEx iQdrxa heituccoE v^ddiai
G5
S5
EqaL-^ u m fli^ eU lie hcdxx-L^^us ^ L'^cl^y Hua
G5
£5
E« u ki gj jnd u Kxi^vClUU^ k'chKH.LLiTti shm blaul
G4
S4
SLiLi^dnahniondiLinLLVi.LirL'\ ul rh. u kfLi sh nibtoHl
G5
S5
133
31 limerl^^ Creek Bottom
SAz l^ [3 nUL's ftiHlhwd uf [ he u pprr end of ^V hicrHk Lake
RlTBNE
S Jc OX u r?i Ljlonf 4 [le k:n^-grjd Lcri lxi4 km liUds uf Ui^y € crctz lulJ iIs I nhuUrics. Thi: wlIlt "^^u r^t is net clrar,
but n::^ Li kcLy ]i^'iilva> "^i^rni: cornhjulxi* of ^ ruu od woli^r tiul "^Tfjcc fljws I cxun Ltizy CrL^ck A k^g JiLAmin^ tundiiT
t]i tikJcr^ A Inns s[i HornmiiEy ixc'iis aki*g LIil' creek jh pli^cs Aklcr-lcuvnJ hnckihoriLFLliLininusjIiir^Ei?
sh nibLoHls tibu iiccir ui Llit sec TliL^n: 4IK tibu Lir^c auorsky dcpfosiLon't doaiiiiLxnl by hc^kcd »zJgt JCimx
uLncitiid) coEnmiiE > Wet spmcc lorc^s ump::M:d ol "q^rut^i^/rLckJ liorsimL I PEca ^pTEqiEd in drFcnsf | Eud
spm4.i:/sku n k 4. jbb^i: 4 Pkcu sp^L^'sichioa drnL'ctL jriLiai) cxmirniJiiJl Lcs c:c4. u r Oil ^ u rial giound icior [ he L ribuLLJCKS
ol buy Ccrck SomL' ku^e "^d mL'^mv^ do nil n Lie cd by 4 ke e:^c4 k. Ki^nl «l ky MuegnoHS L Pnu pcJensbJ ccc u r rm d ni:r
Ijnd Lie 4 kesLlL' Tke upkiftdstirL'dSfnjce/lxLKJLily (PiccLJ'tp^lLnLoiiJLJiijflurjj locrA.
Kl \ B^V IRO HH ENIA L 1 '.( MhFLS
TkcuiinfiLci k>'d[uti]^> id Ihciscc is [ h? c^Ef fLKlcr ^tu(:4 u nig phoi commiiJl lcs Ji L h ls "^cttind.
Gcr^i kcL'Ic^l cai i^giLOHS LEn^pk^^njin vjTidjLtLTJftiiiiiri h Ls ii*L' rjfL' ptuiL Lliidi uct^Lics J Lhthsdc Tlit bdciobo
Ruppon^dn ixcLincKC of I hi: rjci: spriH-cVskLink c^thh^c cimaiunty.
Qtiee Values
Tkc^ilL' likely piuv idcs vLjLuubb wdLind bjhjU lof wiklbfc
CD'SD]7X>N
Eiu^E^fT forsimc fin.'^'txxf cuiLJig J Lhi:sc? ^^L^^^l[l^. Lil4 tc l^oi h rupjgniic dbt u diciiiix ufpciofs [o bjvc ixcn
Llic sjic. Til? wd mcuJiiw domjiLiicd by Ki^nLncky hlic^ r^t^ ls elo kngtr giLozoJ EiiH lcs domioLii ■: 4 kc wd [nc4ido^
conaiunily Ki^oiucky bliiL'f cu^ l^ 4 kc doaiiiiL^ai species. 4ifid CioAiidu I hci li: [C]i\jin L3r^'i:ns?> I irmlliy ^ PkLcin
pmlens^i Ljnd hul4{:rjnd e^g*^ ^ Ljftjnii vu IgLirvi) ion: coETumii]. Pttd Unb^r ^jpfC^ laoJ c^4 L? f r^i/Ln^ Live Inwcrcd
tlic ecDlogELjL loicgriLy of tills coEnmnnJ^ .
Vfi h ^ P s
Tkc site El surnmnd^zd b> L^re^thlhjl k^iVL'b.'ci logged Ththk^^ia^ iray kave c^ime^l lEu.nrj^'d windlhiowdnd
incmiszd szdjvKildiini U IhesUe TheLo^in^ nx^s ]a I he ■irfeinds arc ijLq:) pjpitir mils br ko[^c]xiPLk ckJ ing
IhFPKII hTMM^lEEPS
TkL^ to^c ^ t received iiflly CLicHOfy in^ virion' L^od fu rt kszr invcrion' of "^d tiMl pli^ai cornmiiE id is ncednJ Id
dcxincnl v^hiH cunEnunilEsoxurtilkcsLle [heircil^znl.jndlkc ciik of bcj>?r aa ivjl > Ji < JU(:4 u nig llie sec
M-iFrtGEni M Needs
Fnither Inggjig uftd lirev-xxxj cucliig i^pccri kiclicsjls: needs 4o JkLorpi^rjle ^1 re^unhLdc mLjruLgenieru /x^nc bulfec>
U L3 miaLEnn m.
P H.L\L sfi'LXj u iH_T u m .in i: nsL" Tjrerf
Gi
S3
PiLe-^L s[i-'K siL h Nil* Liih^riLLiiin Jom
G2
s:
Plu iHii^nHth liertucemjs v^zgettiion
G5
SE
Cj\rc\ rLXiJrtLi hclt4KeoLl^ ve^d J Kna
G5
S5
134
32 Ninemile l=en
NLncnLk'fci l'> k>:4iL'il lI [ [ic »:)uLl] end of [ he WtnlL^rEiti Kungc. s[:vtRi] rn]][^ elofI hnn of ColnintTGi F^LIe.
RlCBNt3&
Two dcpirsKHmL wd] jnd*^ nalLiMip Nioenilc Fm T hey tirt gLicualLy fnruicd frllirdKovcrdndr^LllEC ptircol
mdcnol The ori L^m l^l' is t] pnor fci^ L^^ b}' | [ii«HlwLi?r uul "^ itli d ^u rftiL^L' mil kJ Lo [ [ic "^^uLli. Tlic WL'^crn
pcthDlt be t'^'o rmwi Jn^^'s LliLic 4. hunoc] "^"^ lt li> [liL' '>jlc und Jl leu htis l^ nvrlucc ouLJd co I hL' ^uui h The
"^04 i:ru ]>n4 hik ^orQ> rni^K "^u rtjci: WLic^r [ ht]i Llii: ill [icr oiii:. aiHl ciKJ kJ Iil^vc bcLii d Liii: la I ht uJ lix>dL44inL
pud T[LCCL£lLTi] ftn EiikminJcd b> j'>]i:ndi:r»rdgtlC4iK\ Il£iLC>:4IT^> cornmLiniLy ljelJ iI ub:) biP; d sai^ilLcr [ciic h
of Biituu m's "^"d^c ^ Cajci bu^ btJiniO cornmiiEy Ttic cl"! of Lin: fci l'> a (^L^jnpkzi ni::c n\ l^ vjnou*^ ptLJil
cuffiETiu n il ]l:s [ htl jjhIjvkJ uaJI> un: 44XJ hveiJI lo mtt js i:li:rnL'ru ixcinuH.cs. bui wlijc h 4idd 4o I hL' bjbildl d lvcihjI >
oFLlii^'tC^: P^it.liL's iif Mu^zjiiiru ii:cdgi;iHS [C jLoMugro^ b CLiiLiHcKSb) tiod JiflLiccJ "^^d^c ^ Carc;^ vniLCdn^i} [cul to
\x in d tjlt Liod ^'aLcrEirrT^Lsn^MrlliL'naj^in'f Khpctl LVL'ly Aa undL'^Tib.'^l pliiDl ^HMXiiixi*^ snalL- fnj iLcd
bu Inish IScjTpus nicrcicarpus? atxu:i.c uiMn ilrkT tircas n^dr Lin: nai^ in L^od ^vUcr biHHCiLuUFq u Lscinm
IIliv uJ Lit J cxM. u rMi tmcaij- pcnruncQi Ly nixiJLiH /x^nc ThL"«: comrni]i]]l ks ml tr^rjHc Ln »Linic cncri . and hdetic havta
^ro«ftd l^>criif Spli j^num s{i 4ind Aitbixmin in m "^p mraihfs. A f?w of I In: drii:r ]%ichcs Ln I hL' slculE^r scd^c cimEnu n il y
aiLM ruL" "thltind*i". wi li ^ h il L" piac: C Finns miMil in^J. ^ l"4l"™ red tedtir CTlinjj piicjluj. spmcc C P iccaj. £Lnd licuv>
Sp4L^nunisp ll^lt Wc^cm crd ^.cJjr^'q ucL^n-cnp ^[^lpJ LiJ} (Thi^L pLicJ^i/C Linli>niJ u ailkiu) cxminmn il y lomilhL'
upLiod j[ii«ftd Lin: ^"d L^iftd Thi: wcHcin [u holt is dnmioai fd by t] Ix4ikcd m^J^c ^ Carc;^ nLTiciiLjJai crannu aiLy Vrki^h
vy^i^^-wcrcd by by wjIlt Lcio dctfi li> "^^t 4 [ircvgh J LhLMinic I visccd il S u rR>nnd]ig Lin: h:al:ixl scdgi: coaimnn J >
in sliglil ]y NliaLli^wcr W4itLT Ls ti b^udol coainirm spLkcmsli ^ FL^ich^LiLS [uJuh n^) coaimnnjl y. wlijc h ixcurs on \i
rt^ i[L£ niid . ] n iivlcr yx^nc ls ti "^"ai tr liondajl coEnmnn J > . whEli l^ la sJi^hi ly ^haJkiwi:r ^iicr 4 hai Lin: pKvxivs
cijnEnunily Nnspha^nnm ispcr^nl Ji Lin: i^'a bnd . ^ind lL W4KquEC innndLioJ ti I [n: [ imi: iif 4 [ic ^il ■: veilL.
Kn B4V IPLD HH EN~n L F ^ C TDL'S
T [LLf sUtis homr to 4 rjFt ptinl fxipulainn"^ peer hrdgc (Cair^L pmifEiuitii p::df rus> ( SctLcnctiztr^ [olLid rvOn
non [icrn 4iddtr's Luigit 40ph ir^ kHt«n pns]ILu m) tud Bn4 lyctiLU m (.luiitii in Ttic fji4 Lwo 4IK ^pcc ihi iif pcur ftns.
Ttic [ELiiljnd biK iiflt LiEu^runnm pliinL (^omnLiaLLy I hi: B ui^banm^ scdf c coaimnn J > . aH [lou^Il I his cccnnuncc l^tjcIilt
"frnjLI.
Otife Valines
CoHPmciH
Tticic Ls a rL^ acciiHS I hi: wi:?ttn cdgt of [ hci:ad tru ]y^ hiik I hrcioi^ h d »aMl ol ^vUcr hiir'^mL GE^^dust I lit
h>'dRil:^^> of 4 [ll^ fL'n is pnoriy ■ftdL'nlcyxl i^kiH cLcjr^hcltLcrltit irxid hLi^dn inip^id oa ^vUcr fliVA' [ h rou^ [i I ht
ftn. T hcrt aci' u> alitr hod Lii£s of I hi: fta CLirrcoi ly. No t^ajL*^ K l'r: obsi^rycJ in [ he "^d LaMls^ dll hii«gh on iii4^
J 1 6D I htn: El J |Uf«tii ua of iHaigt hawk'^ccd 4 H LcrjpLiLini 4in rani Eicu ai) Thb spccK^s "^tcms li> EJvor nxwi hjbildls,
but t hjsrux Hffc^ [o 4iny iif [ he d rKr pun*^ iif [ he fen.
L> LANDS
Ttie u pLind^ ]nmedEirt]y aiDU nd 4 [lc [u holc^i lift Lnisd ^on^d-f cnwl h Fbira , Int [ he fom tn 4 [ic !iu FTonnd iig
viCLniLy hai't th.^1 k^gL-il lieaviL>
hn^p I ^ FK^^ Needs
I li^ ^^.hln "^^UKt for I ht AHCin ftn iKils^wly.
M^'< ^ G Kn r^T We E [>^
A[L> fLun r: [ in^bcr lmn'i:id arou nd I [icbj: wtt I jod^ skiivkJ tEnpli^ a ^K^unsidt naAJ^cvKnL £4nt bvffcr.
135
BbIENTOc CURREHCE lNH>l:nA11D N
CoiTX bflitKhumiE liL'rfKhc L'^^us ^ sz^ctLl ion
G3
SJ
C\:\rc^ LL^KXLirjxi fcLNtiJCi^iJU^ ^vgdl:c KM!
G5
S."^
HIlhx hLirts jxiLu^ JT> h^: rkh.i7<^u*i \ l^^ J .y Km
G5
S5
Lqui^Tum tJi^LUilo horlxK L^m\ ^ l'^lIlU ua
G5
S5
13G
33 Roixid Meadow-Meadow Lake
Sac L^kx^dlHJ Ji Lli? S4 LllwLicr Vjlltv iif nod [ih^ L"4 Monmoa, jlxmi 2 rn]ks ciA of OLncy
T [lis sjLl' is ciKiifxiNzJ ol I wo dcpiGihiont]l wc4 LoAds. Rou nd Ml'i^ow tud Mc^nw Ljkc^ kx^LioJ jn [ he ^ iLiiLEii c^l ^criLy
RilLmg buLom of LliL' Kocky Mourutiin T r^ncti A '>inii]] cfL^ck d r^uKS Mc^cn^ Ldk? tiod flcin^'^ 4 [ici^ugl] Ri^nd Nk^Jow Tht
pnauory wjIlt "^rnjKi: rn~ N^ci^va' UiIll' is i]l:4 knoh^i Round NfL"jpJoh^ l'> p[rdorn]ftiintJy ^^Ll[^k tiul ^^^^^z aKikfin^
vcgrtaicM.
tlic Ecnri^r of 4 [ic ^Lli: IS t] "^Dndcr salgi: ICjr:x Losux^dr^) cornmiiiy sinoLiadal b> j bund uf bh^^kcd ?edgt (Cmcx
ut ricitiid? coETuniiE > Aa uwiliH sliJ^c lClih:^ jIIil'cixIcs) jod BjXk. nsti Uu ncv> bull icus) coEnrnnii]! y t]ls:uiccir in
Ll] IS "^d kind. TliL' Honl h cod of Ihciini^LKJow htis t] hLick ciUcon'^xxxJ/rcd-osn^r dci^'^xxxJ LP'^ftuJusluL^aiifci^i'^qx
LncbiXLiqu^iif n us s[:ric{M) coaimnn il y "> h lcL is "^Ijgh Ly i:li:v^ c^l dlxn'LM hi: si^dgi: cornmiii ic?i. hue wliith d
cicctHiLontJLy nixiJcd b}' higli wdlLTiiichc mc^o^ Mc^o^ Ldkc LS'^ilulcd Ji ti Ixviin ^^ Jl li Lin l'h r^inL'ly Low
f RidiL'ni r^Hflhin^ in widL' mHoncs and bciud jr:li^ iif (.oinnu niljcs whK.1] nion: ofl i^n OLCLi[i> ulactow tunds.Thc
domjLinL 4.LunnLinLly J Mcjd^pfy L^jkc u^ r.'cd 4. jntuygi^iHS L Fbiili^ris ucihIikjccl^j^ wliic h fonas a ncdr uxiftoc u ll irc dh Llic
d rkr. outtr cJgt of [ he "^cttind jnd Vr'h\c\\ is^conifx^ncri Jincaily aJI I htul htrDi^EnrninjI lcs Lie 4 [lc^lIi: A
CDffimon sfiksZTU'^h ^ElL'^ich.kns pjli4 rtsj amm u n iLy fiinnsti bni^id b^iwlLl Lisli^hily Lower tk'v^y urn I h.hn 4 lu: cnrd
cdULin gr^tHfi cxmimuiiJi } ThL'R: lUU liIm:) nk ndLT ^^d^e C Caiui iLE^kxaipLih wile i s^dgi: lCuh:^ jquLC iJisj jnd bjrd^rzn
bu LIll^h I Sc iTpu*^ 4icu£ us) co[nrni]i]]l Ks t1 N^cadow' L^ib^. as well ls un ■■■svjIaMl u ndcscnb^ ycLLcin^ scdf c (Ceuch
riLV jj connin n il y^ wlijc h ixcLic> in a ^y u ncd /(^nc aiou nd 4 Lie LjjkD^OK. Tliis comrnnii J > isdomjulL'd h}' y'clhuw
■^i^L' L^nd lhL'ii*l> L£«::cEii cd spLCLCs LifL' dnjsli C Jin4.us sp ) wai lt nmajtwcc^h PoLy^on u m ampfcibLU m^ and r^d
cdntin'^noHi TLic ^nuc ic coEnrnnn J > wiisnc:4 ob^^ncd l"u.l'[t fiom a d u^dnci: wolLTljIy L NLiptuhr np ) Lind hnr-iL^cd
C SpuigunLU m sp i WL^rc pcrwrt A wd ^jwik-l" forM njnifxxi^ ofsftncc^fiL^ld kHSL^JiUPiCL".! s^p-^Eitiu Lsn u m ajvcKicI
UAd spm^L'jyknnk (.Ljbbugt IPiTfa spVL>?iic[LLt u rn aini^ncdn u rn> ixciis tirc^u nd 4 [ic nod Li L^nd iif NkLiiJow biLL' The
"^pmLL'^rLekJ lion^ml conirnnnjl > js pn.'scnc ly doniiiiLccd by wlIlt horsi^jdi] ( Eqicd nn flnvidljk ? in tkc
nndcElufy.
FCr^ &v iKO HH ENia l F ^ c Ton^
TLic ^amorpliL^^} lihI h>xl n^Lc:^ > iif 4 Lichc 4 khi wd LaAds turl kL' pnnajy foKfs » nd nnng [iLjJii coEnrnn n il k!s d Lkt
E)tf StvcrdLiiU l:cavi:r ledges wi: FT iihszTvol in Nk^cin^ Ltiki: Lind JsjxiWtibL? b^4i>?rnuj> Imvc alHCT ph>'cd a rat
in 4 [ic ^tik:4 u rjig wdkind comnnnitjfs
RhEIT^
Th^'crraj^ pljnisoLcnrd "Mk Ronnd M^^dcin^ jnd N^l'^kKva' LjIj: TLlcsc 4 h^'o spec ifs die ^di:r^ kiflgit fOph logkHinEn
pusilinn) t]ftd "^TTcd gi^nLidD^HtiLciELdcfli^iUi? T h ut slIl' Ldsi:» has tiicxM. u rrL'ncL' uf [ he raic :q)TiiCi:Aiknn)j:abl]tigc
cuffiETiu n iLy ( Picf^L^ich Llnm uncncaiin).
Otiee Values
CD'Sn]TT!]N
Nacnrrcnl J jnd u-^cs lart c^'idcnt Et t he sj(c_ Rccd cruiar^'^ rjt> C JULiJa [ h i"^ k C C i rii u m [u^-t»sc)_ rcdtop f ^gir^is
dnkniftuy ni^iisli KiHM h 14 k C Sonckis u Ij^inosus^ £Lnd KL^nliLk^ Mu^grLtHS l P^u fTLl^nHthj Lir: liLI <:^l:4 k.s [ hti
turfbnnd lcILlc^iIl' RL'cd cdntuygno^i is cL^dKy 4 Lli: nu:^ pcntrknulic wc^d I lit scc^ js lI (:m'i:E> a iLir^t
cipun'^: of 4 kL' M{Mdc:n^ Ltik<: hi'dLind jnd thpfcsi^il in snuLkr anuu nis in nxid of 4 Lie (^OKinu nilJL"^ J [xxh wctbnds
T [ll^ ^.nucHL' gr^H^ kiK bLvn dcwntfLiH js tn'^ [i Li nLi n L' jnd l'^ an. species 4ind pLi[inL:1 lon*^ in Non h ^Kii^ricdnay Ix
conpLCrnlol \xA'h nai ivc f cfti1> p[!s umI Encnpcai cik iv jc> ( Menglciio aid E-cs^lj ]^^'&) Conlio] of Lliis 'f]K<.]L"^ ls
di^fEn)! jnd L'\p[:nmvi:^Apfcltunrnaftd Sjrn*^ L^Tj. F^td Ijndn'v lx.1 imLjl's aic prububly rcs]ions]bk kif ihc Lmgc
trnou ni*^ iif [red CdiDL^rygriHS Li MclilLow Laki:
L>kAHDJ
Legging HxxJs lii^c bci:n con4 rnacd on 4 ^41 "f idfs iif Rou nd Nk^Jow^ jnd ii*L' mns bul wcci Rii«Hl Mc4idow4ind NkLXJow
Lalj: [laddiion kigging Iilsi ixcnnrd \xi'h ncjrb^'aftd inch? u pi jnds ■L'ar i h? "^ i:. T he dcgn'c lo wkicl] i hcsr
logf ing [UJcK inicifcr.' w il k LliL' hydnnlogy of Llic sjlc u^ pn^lubLy nin inul.
137
Lr^ H^KTj ^ TK] ^ Needs
K-lorc LnfonnutHn l^i ncfd«l on 4 [ic LomIisc [LL^niy iif 4 [ll^ ^lIi: - 4 [ll^ lafof mjlKi* "^"ou kJ liL'lp ntuj^ciH u nd^rlLind
hipfy I hL' i:k i4 in^ coEid Lliu* d I hi: sUt ^iis Jiflii^nccd b}' Liri [iciifHigL'n ic Honirch C ■: g wlivch? \zcd i::iftiir>£[u^ 4.cn lt
L'lHi^hjghd N^cidvA' UiIj:) [n^djlLon hyd ru^L^ologJc » udy b HL'olcd ii* [ h l'> ukd alicr ncjrlny ^"d LjhIs I n bhrJIcr
f rDVftdwdtr low f:cJ[l^ Ckihcr L'^^unind Loa i^l [ic d dctiLn^ 4i [ he "4 ■: l^ jLho ncixlcJ Lo s[:l' if h^ [id hi:r i«ucitiD*
cffud^ I i.t. bkic king [ he d lie hc?ij "^"ou Ld K'ncHl ihL'Hce hydn7k:^>
PliggiEL^rhtdichn^Llii: ">]!{: Lsonc pzHiibli: nmi^^ciiEiil ticLKWchtl VEiy Ix wdnunLL'd Howi^ver moic infbnuiiai
on I [ii: ^lIl'^ [i^'dutif^ isiiL'cJL'd bclufL' L^a> Lizlion £>Likci
ElETJ ENTOc EUKREHCE ["S FRRkl ^TX]N
QavniMunrr
GS
S[£2B.
Pic^ ai^QEd UEi ur^'cuf TdiH
G4
SJ
Picra s[^I^H b bn EiMKncQBin fcm
G2
S2
Fofn 1 ^ InteMi 1 fc HI ^p. 1 n c h iTCJ r^u^ o ru [Qi
GJ'^
SJ
PliLikirts Liriftdin^ic^zLJ hL'rfucccra'> vvgdLC Km
G5
S5
CLifL^K jq uti 1 lis hcrk'PLCous ^ l'^lU urn
G5
^
C'JlZC^ tlSJilLLirptl fcL^rtl.fc-i^OUS ^VgdLI KHl
G5
S^
CLlfL^K LlSH N.LirpO hi: itl.L^L^US ^ C^dLC KU]
G5
S^
Cair^ rLXiJrtLi hcrk'PLCous ^ l'^li^I K^n
G5
£5
Efcoc hLirts jxiLu^ JT> h^: jttin7<^u*i ^ l^^j J J K^n
G5
S5
Jnncis kill iL us hL'rhi£^ous ^vgdL:ckU]
G5
S5
Su\ rpus Lxri us liL'CtuC lI^S ^ ^gClLl Lon
G5
S^
CjrL'K j11il"[ixIl"> lii: jttin7<^us VL^l^d Jljoi
G5
S^
^^ph 105 kK>ujii pusiJIuni
G5
£2
13S
3a Safe hlarborMar^
|j]c \ I H>^
MontB
RjCHHES
TtLL^ nLiiHli i^h<dcd ■■[li? Riicky NkniQitiiaTr^ncti. whEh^^t^curF'cdf^LiI bv ccwl iocriu] f lK]tr^ duTing [ h?
PJln4(x.l'[lc. IL ^lI'> I n j ^haJk^w b^iy^tLLcti l'> ciiflicaol Ln FLiliL'^ L4i):i^ h}' a runuw tinn ol v^tcT k^au^-lcaj
^ [icthtr rht h^'diokigy ol tliL'njnih is drunioai cd b^'LliL'^vdlKr '^^i:rcoanci:tioi][oFlLichc4id L4ikc. ur if gn^u nd"^^ tr
in [Tuts to [ he mJ[^k "^ Lll] SLil:»:^ii:nL ou[ ricin^ loFLdliL'ud Uiki: or soini: (^ninbinai ua ol I hcv. [ircdoauiLlc^ Thb
^^Ll[^k is doniinLiccJ b^ j [iJid^L'rii tnlnsk ( ScLrpvs tiLiil isi (^oinniiaav , wh icti ■x^ip]i>i alicni^ C^!^ of Itic rmuHli.lhi:
n^d hcinf L^a ^iTcr. N^ncti of I [LL^ cornmiiiy El L^ f1ci4j ing auJ CtiLtiiL JTyphti 1:^ ifoluMx^kcd »rJgL' IC4iK\
uLncitiid^ £Lid umETion sfikcTU'th lElc^icbjny puli^risj mu cimmoi] 4iHSJ^iLiccs in [ h ls (^omnLinLly. ^aic tii|«iiic
"f px ic^ whic h ixcLir in 4 [ic ofEi "^ai lt L£i ^vLI 4is WE h 4 [ic hiinNL'rn bu Lmsh licl' ^rj«h- LMVTd fx^nd'^^zcd 4 PiUaimigdoi]
jRiminmsJ cl^I-j rk> pcad wlx^ l PiKanxigdon /cri cifiHinbij, tmsiiJ-Ji^avcd pLindwL^ LPtHjmiJgcton fcijnsj. v cil]ciJtjfc
"^^ LT miLloiL 4 N^VTiopliyJIin ^ L'd LciLlLic u m ^ "^nvy wjIlt nympli ^ N jjljs flt^ilist coEnrnon bLuldLTAtiil ^ Ul ncu Linj
vul^jfisj Il^'Zu.t blLiJdcT^'od LLNrtLi]]jrmrn]ftiif^ajid woli^r smjn'^'cnJ | Polygcwin jaiph ib]inj 3 n 4 [ic d Riwdo^ a /ooc
LJionnd 4 [ic nu[^kUL' LIil' jcrii Lli Lie L^^pcnL^nccs bcKf inund^ ua dnnng pLui iif [ h? ycjrj. d E^lK lc rush U uncus
buk icusj cimaiu n il y LJftd rLif-osiLT do^'^xxxJ lClmti u*^ s^ticc jj cimEnu n il y an^ jri^ziypcisj.'^l Muchol I hL' Bcik ic njsh
cimETiunily htis ti lurgi: tactic (^ompim^nt , wh icti ]k IndEM^ofi LA^cud ls »olon]fcrjJ^ Kl'iu ucky bliL^^ rass ^ Pc:4J
pmli^nsLS^ C jntulii 4 [ll^Ii: ICiEMLiETi 4irFcnsc^ and nLJisk»::n^ I hiH li: L ^onctius iIl^ ino^s? T hcsc commiinE ics fomi d
ntinow 70ELC oa I hi: stdcs of LhL' nart h "^ [iciu l1]l'> ljcl' cc:a]4 rjincJ by ^CL'p ■pfeinds oa cwl' ntdc and [ hcl]ti£il4cKi
bu Inish commiiiy ii* [liL' n4 hi:r sjdi: buL fuf m ti bRudcr umniu n il y t1 1 hi: sii«l [i L'od . whi:^: [ he ^ r^kf jmL l^ vct>
fcriLc TliL' ■pfeLnds J Lhis sjl<: (.on^H iif DnvgLis- 1 ic^aincturi l P^f^'uda^vgd ■Kn/Lcsii/P[L>'^ftXL^r|ns r^
^Lin^las-fLP^ntm bK:rr> l PsL^udamgj iKn/iOiLi^E > niplioricjipiMi ulhnsj Tw^^ The soils iindcilyjig LIil" mjrsli liiivc ti
"fhalkin^ L<^cai) oi^aiK. layi:r l^'lt ti f li:>'cJ cLiy buyer Tticshalkin^ i^aiK. LjyLT JulKLiccs I hdl much of I h[^ prnsify
pRidKL]VEy pfobubLy gcff cycled inli>dc4nal]i4^h'^aysCMLlscbdindGa2ifJ]ikl99Jj.Tht pH tuLlicaqnaic
cuffiETiu n il y "^^ts fl j, jnd I he cond ua lviI y "^as ^H) n^cn
Kn &V IRQ HW EHTKl F^ C TQUS
TticdnvLnf ftiL^kHsai Lliis m JEsh arc I he SL^mnpcmi^iienL ftodin^ regime, and [ he p::«il urn ]■ Llic bnd'^iapc Ttiese
fiiaors jnflncncc 4 [le [cnfEi;! u res 4 lis: niuEsh cipericKcs jod jkkl£? Llie pnnur> jmxj uc4 LVLly of Llic nurili. [ h us
hclfiLEL^ la oiablL^h I [ic eeiuisI] cliLif^Kzr
TtLLSROfsl] Ls J fieqiently u'«d feed ing aicd T^ luld c^j^Lcs | Lcsicu 1^0) laaJdiiKi*^! could be [lonc Lo [ tie
RiK "f ntiiL — ^ h^ hiLl] Eiii*l> fouod JiFLiihe^iJ biie Sjle Haibi^r Marsh ls (.onsHcri Ly naked as one of I lie nxd
PriIlIlc breeding hinl hatreds]! nonh'^cd MonUna Pad cei^Vtes have i fed k Lied lULi^tiLy ^ d ifTeieri hjrd
"tp^iesdnd 273 breeding pmis ^V [lec- lulled d eer^ mixjsL: h.'aver^ nuskml Hiiik^nink aul mLJden have dKo biL:en
ob»:n'ed 'j£i\bz auEshfLe^iTJ 199(3) NoRue plLJOis iiccur ai I lie sec. tm I here ls j sai^ilL iiccineKC of I he
LiocfMiETion led-abKr dug weed planL conEnn u ily
Qrti^ Values
PIobtl^.^ i£j £Ki^ inijx^nidil fu nc4 L^m Mf 4 [lu^ welLind thLhdl lI su ^ipods u dj^ eiMLy of habuu^ I hal pru^ EJe
inipiHlL^ru le^jag habuU f^^rbiKJ*^
ReeieolKmiil uic of Llie nais h (hiKl ing ? d piobabl> Iheduninari Lindu^ Wlijk birdin^isf^jdy bcii^a. [dd
ncxice'^i^melrjiljigdcvelopjig inchc^eJ meadivA' vegeltiion piesin^ihly nzsuJlLn^ fioEn iru.iC4ihed nse Smch ise
ccnkJ lead Lo Lncrc4ihes la ^ve^l piipvLiiK^ns Marsli K:n^-4 [LL^Je CljhlhIj 4 [LL^Je KeilLu.ky bLucgnns. redLop bnJI
Ll] l4 Le (€ iisinm > u Igtire^ 4ind tTELec>wei.1 L ^liinn m d u Lcanura) iiccir in 4 tie red-tusier dog^^txxl a^d BljIIic rnsli
coffiETiu n il ]ds. ^i^Lered spLcccd knapweed (Ceru^iircj iulk u lcs:3j cicenis in I he fore^l snTRi«ftdi[L£ I he stc
Thcie L^ ^Dme pnvLEC profcily in c:i4.1]nienL miid of wliKh hm no icstLJenI bl developanznl yc4 However tliiscoild
fXKC a fu£ u re [ h na 4o I he nELJ\h depending on 4 tie W4iy in ^ h icti devekipmeri nceniy T here Iilsi l^eei "^me 4 imbcr
harvcHdronnd Ihenajyh h^c^ ol llieforefl is "4 jIL initiLL e\ceft for Jt [ he "^rmLli eul of Llie nuish wliere
139
tkcrr^ a bf™t Dpeains ALon^ I [tc HMitk and wed CHt of Iht nujsb I [icrc arc Kuit^ whEli CDiild act ob vcctofs for
rmhtrwccd s{iirad.
Th lOKFJ ^ TH] ^ NeEPS
H^diDlogk dwiks BR ncixlcdLnddL^rniiiiLMhc WLXcr»:)ur^c^hKor4[LLsnajsl]. FIjchic JivcnLoiytif IticsilL'bjs
brtn 4 b47Eii«gh , bnl run hi:r JivmLoiy fnr I hL' rjci' siuul — b icccs^r^Mh it LSGal> found inFLdticLKJ Ljdicc.
Rcwdrcl] LnLoltic laodusi: [ludoiy uf [ he sil l' wi^Jd ab«) be v^^fu I
Ma hagemehtNi I n=:
TticLhiL^I ii^Ln^i^ J meiil uiflDrn] l^ H>^H:lLl^ ^"ccd ^ficr^id mchc upbnd Jor:4 cimniu n iI k!s. Tlie Ntl un: €on»rn' jelcv ls
cincill> sfHil LiUiig knupwL'ol "^ Ltl] [LCTtiicLdc The Nle u r: Con'^-'c^'dncy mjy jLso do huvk [ h m n ing aMlJccnfi Ic
rejil iridncc fire 4o I he ipijiid icfsn^ lc 4 lii'^ MLe Ji Llie fuLuK ( B Nbrlin. p[:iy n^Enrn.J.
ElEU ENT O C E UfttEHC E [\ h Ut kl ^TW N
J U DCB& baftlCUS hcltBCCDBS VC^dKM
G5
S5
SriTpE Hri us hertucDous vcgndion
G5
S5
Cam us sencej "iliTU blaod
G4
SJ
14a
35 Sieppard C reek l=en
SliL'ppuid C n.'ck Fen L^ in I hL' £tilL^ Muu oiljom^ uifl hwL'Tlcn] MonLtimL Tlic "Jc l^ZZ rn]k4> ( 34 km) w«t of [ he
tD^nofWlilLTL'^
RjCHHES
Bi^k ShL'pfxm] C r^L'k Rii NiHlhLiul ^4 lijn: pixif fi^n*^ kx^LicJ on k^w ^ r^kf ]L'nL inttmitl i:nt (^itl'L'^ Shtppuid C rctk
Fi:n fiouch EilH tH-re^l hti h [^lc kind Jii^ilojiiL'd h}' sprin^^ ii* LIil' iiLml] LifgL' Ld~4 [k: fL^n R>iu^al bnd^
"^u nonndjig LliL' fci tur cLhilI led tis I ki: subaJpinc fir^giDimc wlion klxTT> L AbLa> lxiLCK'ai]:a^4icc ii]]in scopu loru eei)
htibcd I ypc Tiic inc^oi fmd cover th pii:4kmLntiri Ly piik-'^i/al kxlgcpi^k' pim: L Piiu^ iroQ£onti>. Lubrjdor-I dii
( LdH u m ^bwlilcBinl IS ti coEnmon ■hIli^civivI k sjx^^-Jl"^ The niLjr^in.-h of 4 ke fL^n dre dom inLicd by sprm? ( Pjcrd) wil k tii
u ndergi^^h^l k of weed ko[^ft^l](E4|■ET:4■n'^lv4dlCI]I^i.Thc pcjtJjnd kjs^ne;^r1> com innons ci>^'i:rLi^L' l^
h u numic k- fonn]ig Spli^^num etu:^ indxtl lvc of j 'piuf' fi:n Inifx^noil vt»Li]Jjr pijnLs include \xj^ hirch {Bctii I j
^kindnk:«ii DniEnmonds wiLlowlSjIji^drunimondunut h.'^ilLL'd scd^c lCljcl'^ ir^riti> L^nd IkL^Ni^liL^n Rl'^loh
"KKsU JVC sfccirs fxx^r Hod^e (Ctin:;^ pou p[:rcnLii. Skcppoid Cieck t-ei NdcI k ls umpLCri^d of b<:^ hirch ctur jnd
LcETipoRirily flixxJL^d fiifcicJcJgds jnd mvc h iif [ he ^ nmnd liiycnn Ike fen b dominoed hy SpLi^nunisp DeLipJ
ledgefuLe pine Ji tlie fei indjcde ^ [ttd flcicd ing evcnL. Tli is I en k^tstii inLiiLlive hE^Livcr Jjm t1 llieiivlkj
Kby Bj y Lio h m ental Fa ctb he
^vdU cfsbfc^atbt prdlandh Tkiek fxui depiVtU'^aa like lj "qxnige li> hoLf Lir^ c qntinl lLjcn of wJ er
RhEITV
Sliepfxifd C reek IS ti gnof ex JETiple nf it pcxif fen dranin Jed by Spfcjgnijrn mcvihes Peors[:dge LCiire^ piiij pcrcu Ij>^ j
NdcI kcTU Reg }m KeKsUive sfteees, E common in Ike fen
Otiee Values
Ike wdLind \smit nuppcd tsi jdi^ina nxuij^emenl are-Jiinlke 1^7 FLilie^ Foic:^ Pkii mijp T ke ^il e b jh. Inded
T^nhin MA ]2- nftifiun ureus. Tke j^eneRil sifcj kits hcen keuviLy ki^ed_ A fcjmvw fofe^cJ bu Ifer ls preseni in Llie
noil ke^fl £ind K)U[}i pi^LiclLind nur^Ln*^ A nxife e\£CKSJ^ e lore^ L^pfes^il n pr^ife 4 ni^li^'cd j ol HiepedkiMl
Upi h \ n b
Acfj^cri liind'^me mrw4l> Wilkin MjnLigenieni Aieu 13 (4 Lmh:r pmdvd Ki*t ^nd lijve Ixen keiiviLy knf^ed.
^U^i ^G l.kl E^T Me E DS
EiTH r^yOrcL P.E>^n iNFORMAnaN
AbLCS k'hkii.LLJi'tL^Lciliih g 1 jnd u kxi«ni jxi
G4
S4
Hd u b gj jnd u k»wi'caiu\ uLncuki^LshmbkLMl
G4"^
S4
Cartj; n^drjcti hcrixite^^us ^ e^Ll^y Km
05
S5
Sal IX d nnnumd iLimLVltiLiMLL^io^is c^LxJ^nsis
shmbkiftd
05
S5
^uJix dnnmond iLjn£i^t]kiMiELgK:riis e4inLKJensis
G5
S5
Fell kind
Z
Z
PeilLind
Z
z
Vioki i^njfolu
G5
SJ
CjrcK pihUfCfLuki
G5
Si
C^irex pju |xrcu ki
G5
Si
141
3b Scuik Meadow
Skunk Mc4idc:n^ is killed inltic SlilL'^'JcrRLycr v^kv^lmK 1 3 tiir rn]k4> nod [i of Olity MonmEUL
Skunk rAc4idL^^ iSLJ'tcrK'>ol gJLiCEiJIy Hcuiircd poofe dcci inn f d long ai ml i:mil I i:nL 4.i7L'k la I hi: Rcicky Monnldii]
TfL^nch Bcj>?r aiiglil htn'i: pfciycd lj rok' Ji Llii: fonml ion uf [ he p:>nL'> in 4 tic [^td ( wbjl afpc^ir co he iikJ d^ms^u^
prL"i"ru J_ buH licji: l^ oo teaser ik:I iv ily ciim:nL]y Tfcckiwc^ \kxA & j scL^p-^iidcd (jvcrflm^ tusinchti pjTjbtibl>
dostA^ gfl fiLLoJ cvciy yciar hnl "^ liLC'h "^^t^ l]ki:lv f]IL«J tifl i:r I hi: hciiv > wnrv^ w]ricr4jf L997 Tht Ixctnrn umI
■^ccp !iidni of < liiK piml arc c(j>vrrti ^ il fc a icivy t^m-LT ol CiilnmbiLmcdjc (Ctircj; jfKituJ, csccp kw JiLiglil l>
h iglicr arc4i^, wh ich s«|TfHif1 aLnfccd htiirgr^K II>:h4.1] jnipKJLi ^.csfc cikjj cunEnu n il v. ^lULiod I hL' edge of I hci tusin l^
ti fnigi: of kid^cpiik [uncLPJivHcorioda? htilfof'^lLLch tin.'JL'ud.dppiri^ncly killLiH b}' higli W4ittr ThtCcLumbiu
"^rd^i: (^omniinLly conL jih'^ a aunibcr of LJiiViil fc)ft«> nvch li^ Polvgonnin dou^ L^li Pucri lI h ■orvcgEU. elmI Er^'siaiu m
chKnaH [LOLd^K ^ »:)i I u>ii: L jkci in [ Ills (.omnLiaLly rL'vc^lc^ lj ^cai 4 IllcI: or^aiiiL bnn;x)n o^'i:r j 4{!cai [ h Lck A
hon/cui. TlicinKJd Lc p:x)L'> arc HoaMmjIly rkujcd aMl "^u pfx^n l^ Dnj airmiwl'^ ^ iJkiwVlxLikcd scd^c C SaJi;^
d nnETiond iLJoa^tifr^ nl ncLiLiai comniiaLly The u ppcr pLcL^ Live 4^nd ing wjIlt in [ he dccjvr^ niu-k fiLLoJ tirc^is
"^ [iLch "nppon 4i wdttr [lOEtddi] ^ EqitsrJ in f1nv]:l]]t) co[nrniit> Tliaif pixifei an: sunou ndcd by j d [umnood ^ wjlk:n^
cfwiETiu n il y. wl] ich isdominaicd b}' DnnEnood ^ wiLk:n> A^i»:x'Ey c^l spi^cics Ji [ h u± comnLuiit}' arc '>pTijei: v-Hcr
horsrJdiJ. J«L k'^CHJ L Lcnoa aiini^j^ 4ind GiKlin^ tm4crc'upLFLLinuru.ijJv>2niL'lji]i| Tbc sinou nd ing Liptiid'i arL'
covtrcd wih gnod fli7lx'^JiLy4AbLCTignjHlEi^lLnLoniL^ijnjniirjJorspnict/lx4idl]l> fon^4
Nj larc pliinL'> (x:cu r d IhciHcc Howc^i^r. Skunk McLidcin^ dcio^ bjvc a rnnd[^mltLy tir^ c CK^iJTTL'nci: of a Colinbia
■^gL' ^.omnu niLy "^liLch L'>[urc in Mii*4anj
Qti>e Values
TIlls sue hthJ LibundanI deLT'>jgi
HLioiing El pfolxdbLy 4 ht caty c u rrtoi tiidnst at [ h l": site Reed cantirygnoHS | Plialans tin]nd]ftucc^J^ Ktnt uck>
bl ue^rxn ^ Pcu paiensL"!? bltiLk aieJE ^ Nbdjcagi> Inpnlioa) ecwiEnon nuLleLn { VeTtunenm LliLifbiUS^ dind [ nzix-Ji: nu^tird
( Eiy^num c h iL'cunLliojdL"^) LJfL' jIJ prr^enc inlhL'ColnmhLL^^dgL'cornniiiEy Ofchcsi: lecd canai>'^ ris> and Kenlw-ky
bl ue^r^H^ [him: [ he 2 rcLiceH 4 [irAd li> Llie Jil L'g iiLy of cL l'> eiuhaiu n il y
HAoncaod i^r^cui kiggio^ Iils uceineJ in [lie u plan4bi anHul Lliis siLc
lHFaRMAl»HNbED9
Mt^ ^^ll mt^tHeeps
^lon ilcmng of Llie itliH can4iiyf Ri:^ in 4 [le Colinbia EeJgL' 4.ornniLiiEy El nL'edLid lo dccLiaieii ^hdlLerllie [red
ciinarygiaHh i'> "^piTLfJ in^ aid jfso^[Li>w Ripidly
ElE3I r^T Oc CUI.REHCE [^ I CJKLI YTK]^
^alu dnnaiond lan.! filinbkind
G5
S5
Dca]}iaMi|EEL ecqric^ [lerbacfcas ve^d^km
Gi
^354
EQaLQiT u m flu Ey lie heitncco^ vcij^dna
G5
S5
Corrx dir^n J hL'rhKszon'f ve^tid km
02^
S2
folix d nnmond iLin^LVi-Lire^ nl nc u Ida Eh mbfciMl
G5
S5
142
37 SoulhSankoCr^ekFen
SonLh ^nkoCrHkFn] Cikxidccd in [he Sjlisk M[nji]l4iii]'> uf non h'^ed tm \^i*4ai]j. L^ miLcs L24 )jn> wf^ of Lin: li>wi]
oF WtiLiefistL Thc^c L^ ■L'lar a [lcliH'^^ L'rM ntmmy of Stmku CiL^ck Jszlf a [ ribuL jr>' oF U:^tii CiTL'k and [ h?
SLiLl^^cr River.
Smlh Siin ko € reck Fm ls j simJL pcd LjhI ciKi^nn^ 3-!^ ^^rcs ^ 2- J bj) Ttie fi:n d oriL^rucJ C4i:4-wcd jLon^ltie tsE
oFaskifti: A nninbLT of SL^efih Lind '>pjiiig'> cvKi^e I lom Llii: lut uf [ h l'> ^tojv jod mjinldiii wet ujwl J lon*^ in I he
prjtLind EXJETiiiiLjai species jftL lude K^ bin.1] ^ Bd iti ^Liulik'^si? hciun' wiLlo^ {^i;^ c^indidj^ and sLculer sedf c
(Carc;^ Ijsiix^ir]:^!. G rcen-kecLcJ ccilEon^ Riu> ( EncftliL^TiJ rn v irid bz^iniiLic u ni ? t]NLidheni Kcgin*Rif« £crvjcc
"^KsUJve pfeuiU ixciiH [ h ruu^tioLii I he fen . OtftecL^ilLy in I he ^.celI lul and ci^^en pon ions. ChiUncsu's (:n4loigr£s
( Eniiffcof u m 4.1maiiHsu*Ei) l^i cunEnon ol i he "^^zhI em end Mc^z^'s f^^rm d leariy cii*4 in uou*^ surface Liycr. E lev^ Hun of
tliciKiilund LN4ft40 Feet 11475 nj
Kn &V IRQ HW EHTKl F^ C Tot's
Ttic n[bilo]x: hjM]^ tiftd spnn^s ni:iin£t]in ^vUcTloggcd cond Llxifts in i he pcJLind.
ALlliou^ h SEmilL (5-^ LKrcs|2-3 ha|? ll]e'>jl<: fe^l u res a repr^^scnitl lv? poii tind doEninLicd by bug biirhcBdnla
2 bnd nk:m> and sLcndcrsExl^e [C jre^ L^skicjeju) G rcen- keeled nxlongiuHS ( EnofitiuEiini vrndicaniu u ni> aNnElticni
Re^Lon SL'nsjl L>c pbai (x:c u rs Ihrouf houl e he pcJLind.
OriEE Values
CD\n]7X]N
Ttic sire E wil hin R^re^ M^inL^cvunl Area 12 "^ tiich cnphasi^es nturiehince 4ind en htmLenieni iif rjpjEuii uresis.
Spelled knapweed C Ccnidu rcL^ n^K u kiNj h (x:cu rs LjLon^ Foet^ Ri^^502^b4 dncskiil lliicjlen I he pi^Lic bnd
TJpih'snB
AdjtKcri ] jnds £Ljr "MlliJi R>iu» Nf^inti^emenl Aiea L^ . whK.1] {^mphasj/^ ljnbi[:r pnidiJiiT ion. Non h SankoCicekFci l^i
Iccaieil Z^n m MszeH 61 nJ non h iif < In: iile Grej£ Creek Fen li ttWt* leet (25^ ] niJluEhc nonh^-^al
KhDE^i hTK]^ Needs
Ma h a g eh ent Nlleil
El E^ TNTQcCL P:EE^ ri IfCFQ fcMATig H
Fedtind
143
38 Svwft C iBek Meadow
|j]c \ I K>^
Tbi^ sUems Inched alxml 4niLdi:^ nfOlii^y Monl jnti^ la Llit ^ illwoltr VuJkv.
RlCE'SE3&
LocdHJ ]■ [lie gljcEiJI> Hatred Rcicky Mciojuljiii Tr-'ru-li. I [iLii L^a is m a ^[mlk^w dirficv^z^ii] wkKik l^ p[i>lxjbLy
riHincd ii* tii old aJliiv l:iI I L'rrjci: iif S"^ if[ Crc^k ThL' wlIlt k^u h.l' is uncLcdr. aJl [u^u^ li jl cx^uLd ht gion nd^vUcr
dcnviig Iciim Swjfl Cicl'Il T he \jl l' ls 4kmLnt1cd b> I wo »zJgL' cornmiiE ic^ Aa mflLccJ ^^^^c ^ Cmci vcticdna)
cimETiunily kinns ti kLI jvdy wkJc ouicr ^rnn: uul l'> d r>' cftiivgh in spLC^ 4u '>i]p]ynl ^k^jII i:R:d ^pncc. aJdtr. and
BL'bb^ wjlk:n^ [S*k\i\ bcMKiiuj^dllbiivgh H'sdomiQaicd b}' infLdccd'^'id^c.TliircciilLTof ihL'fL^n Eidomioaicd by
Lin: r^ hLT ijr^L' salgL' 4.orniniiEy "t k^ndcrsi^dgi: LCLifL'^ Ltuiictiqu)^ whicl] in \2icw plLiCL"^ grjJc^ buc k iruo 4kmLnt]KC
by iifLicd sfd^c^ tml wilhivl lr«!s. \ wmmw IximI of ^Ucr hiir^mL (Eq u mot u m fluv Ed lIl'j umnu n ily fonR'>a
I j^ or "imxi ' ajou nd 4 [lo [cnplior^' ol LliL'f^a M Llii: mi«I [lcli:! end uf Llii: '>jlc l^ an cxI l'H'^vo JcckJ LiOLl^ word land
doaiJiJlcd h}' bLiL k 4.aiii*wcxid C Popu ln'> btib^unifora ^p [richicafjiujaMl f:(i|h.Thjiu[LLBclnb]X3pynftra) The
undcisliH^' L'^4kmLntied b^ LiLdcr-lc^L^cd ]MJck£homLRl]U[Linus4i]iifoJEi? ^cin^hcir^ iS^ihplu^rH.Lii]xx>Lilbu^j.jnd "ajU
^Pi:jf:(inlLi ^ ^naluj nudiL^Lilb) Thb JoresJ hLbi l^ Immncxky £[ii«ftd \\iycT umd i^ ^'u.Ltsti^rLUly JlaxkxJ h^'oveilkiw
FiomLliL'fci 4. rack [ he T^TJcrMMKC wnrat Li kcLy gion ndw^cr piBKiHy derjvio^ fRwi i>'ft']fL (.rcL^lL
Thc^dtind LssunoundcJd I hL' ^uul [lcli:^ cul byjn oxIceuiIvc di:^Hlw3v> wcxxJ Luod dumiaalcd by Bctii Li pupynPna aod
?opn]v> hjL^ni knj "^ Ltic[ux:uf|b.
Ke^ E\^ ItONhEENT^LFlETORE
Nq larc planer aic kno^ a fcon thn '>ilc.
TIlci? arc fti> cvkJ L'nl Lindus[!sd Ihcisccd pKhcnL. No c^citicf wtra observed ti ^[LL^scc However will] Che
rcceni logg]i£ ncjrt]> ^ [ he LliKat uf L he iH icdna ion uf euJ les inlu Ll]£> prulJK ^lIc is ifulxd^nLuk
Upi h \ d 3
Eueutive t]nlxr Lipf cfd hasldkei piLKt u* Llic ml big vialLe> Ixlkm ncaitiy ak hou^ h 4 lie Hands Ji Llie ]nnieJEy c
viecnily of tli l'> "^il c dra ^]ll Jriaa
[■siDEM hTt!j^ Neeps
H y^d ni^L^jk^ ic rf ud y is needed for Lliis jeneial urea to dctcimine rfcc wrter snu rce for tins aad rtkcrnL^uty
wctLind"!. A 4 [lociiv^h llorvljc lavcnlufy condumeJ euKy la the s«n[ner l^ uLhu needed
M^^ ^G^^nl ^tWee[>^
Aa> fuin ra [ iKibcr lian'c^ ajou nd 4 Ills wctijnd sknki Lie nin imin caipio}' h raaai'iHlc ni^ina^enicnL Jtonc bvHens
ElEL ENTCteU tIEHCE ]\Ea EU ^TKn
G4Q
SJ?
? opn ] IS Ixd Lcain 1 f e m :np. 1 n c h ecu r^o^ ru us
^nce,i foies
GJ'^
S3
C\:\rc\ LL^Ji N-Lirnti fccrtuccon^ veEda Kjn
G5
S5
hcj u i^T u ni fli^ Ed iLe herhiPLCous vciiciai urn
G5
S."^
Carcx VL"^i:ariJ fccrtty:et>n^ v^eEda ion
G5
S5
144
39 V^iitE^i^ ^luce Swamp Iteseive
LOCMJQS
Whicfmk SprucL' S'^'ainfi ]"> lix^ cd in I hL' FIlI hckf Viillty dlx^uL L miLc non h uf Wl]]l i^rLsl] N^onUnt] NOTE TLei b u
pnv^L' wdlJnd tiul I jndowiLT ]>.'mL'^>Ki* l'> nccdol co 4ic4.cs^ 4 [lls sjLl'
RjCHHfS
Ttic Whricfl^k S|Tf uci: S'^'aMifi is Icic^y cd inlhi^Rcicky Mou hLlji n Tirru.1] li 4 [ic olgi: iiTC be Flid linid VaJkv. Tlit '>jlc
"^ilsti I hL' lex: of t] "^kip.' Icxun'^tiLch llcin^'^ giou nd"^*^ i:r fruai 4 hL' ^jjcl'jiI upbnd^ Ttic £[ii«ftdwLicr ftiw kci^pKchc
Kilt wd f nr ncH uf [ [ic ysir Frmr pljnL ccunnu ailJL"^ m? Iolikj ti ItiEiScc Thtrc mc two 4> p»> of "^d '>pTuct
fofn , I ht Mi-CLiJkd ^pncL' '>wainp vykixik l'> ^ ^pncc^ku n k ctibbtiigi: L P^c^iVL^'SKhjIoa jaicnctiiinj cimEnu n il y^ dnd
Llii: dncr ^prvci^yq uctn\ (:ip ( PiccLii^lioion iL^ iJiijniH'jj uinniiriLly. TliL' Hojbi Lin: riic^N yL'dr-iound lalhL'
spnu.t/^u nk 4. jbb^L' cornmiiEy uul "^u rfLiCi: WLiccr fti^s Ji a K^ncs iif ^m jLI (^li jancK Lliiou^ h 4 [ll^ ii^^rly 11:1
f ni«ftd "^ [LLcti l]L£i J grcJ dc^l of mjL ruop::^ Riplijc relief. £ pncc domikJ l'n 4 [ic ovcr^oiy w kich ul»:) bjs »Liaic iLir^t
bkrk (:n4loaK'ixiJ'i ( Fopu li]'> [TicbiicLiqxj) mid jxjfcr hirch 4 Gduk [^j^'Tifenj. TIil' '>1]tu b dnd hi^rttionivs h>ciy Jic
dlyc[^f "^ Lll] [ he "^ ru b Liycr doaiinLicJ by » rc^iEnlxiil: LikJcr4 A li]i]'> inc^Lij. £ ku nk cahh^c domjuli:^ 4 hL' [leTt^KCiivs
h>cr "^[lck iI c:c4. u r^ ]■ LliL' mjny ki^'-lyiEL^ '>]y:4s w h ick liL^vc ^L^od in^ w Lie c r fiif piui iif [ he ycdr Tkc
spnict/q u?Dn\ cip coffiETiu n il y l^i doEniiiLinl b^ spruce ub:). we h ^aLi^rcd cn4 kiiwrxid'i umI us{k:i] (PopuLu't
tKiniiLoLdcsj. Tin: '>1]TU b Livlt L'> d ivcEsc "> illi snein^ Iett^' ( Sy rnpfciHicarpzG slba^ aiid ^'R' icctrcn}' ( ^vkzLinchKr
ulaLfolL^i} 4.oinnoa Ttic [icTti Livlt i'> doniinLiicd h}' qucL^n c u p L^nd I wiiflDwcr CLiELa^b."^ b<)rL"jLi'>? T[L^ahizr2
ccMiETiu n il ]l:4> fnvftdJ Lliis '>jle aj7 a BDbb\ wiLli^w ISiili;^ l:ebbL:iftii? coEnrninjI > Liod ^ rcJlop L A^civl l^ Holoi]]fcra3
vy^ mciMkyvr T he dornihiDL sh nb> in [ he lonKrcornmiiiydR: Bebh's wjILow. crd-nhKr diigwixid jnd 4 rcioMibonk aldtr
Comnoa giLiMiinoLd'^ 4iK w^ er Hodf e (Cmi'ie Liq Li£d lLl'>? r^L'il-cmmjy^ rk> ^ Phutmn aiu nd inLKnii lakop.aiid yelk^w
NcdgelC4iie\ (tiv'2) ThEMudcop w« nc4idc:n^ cccurt 4id_MCi:i]| coltic fiif mtr cimEnui] il y. jnd Ei4kmLnded b> gmnnnoKK
incLudiii^ fLiHcop yclkin^ scd^c. wiul> M^d^c^Cajc;^ I jn u^ incfti^j J imciJ hy ( Ph k'uai pncKSL'^ aiul T^biLthkj wdgi:
(Cafct iiL"brj[**:L"Ji\isk
Key ^ "^ I p:o n w ewt^ l Tk€ tokb
Ttic h>'dEDlD£^ nf 4 kci sue liiA Ixcn (:tiI E jL 4o I hi: fonml Lon uf [ he pl^oi commiiJl lc> I Lit occur hcic
Ttic sU[^ s«pf)CTfb> a n u rnth-T ol pljnL'> wkEh mriarc \m MonUna^ j[u.Jwliig ycLIn^ Lidy "> "t Upper LCypnprdiLiEn
ptifviflcwij [n V 4.aLcKjlii^J E« kkT Icm L Dryiipldi^ tn^ J lij, kid nc}"- IcavLiH vEiLd L Vujla rai]fo]ci? -spurred
f cri uai( Hdltau] dcflL'^tii jud jil^Iil^ci bu^tiid 4(:aJflL^\ iGccic^iikm JjvkJ uEnJ Tkciz is uIho j Lii^l' ULCurrcEU-c nf j
rurc [iLai4 Dimuniiiy hL^n: LIil' npf uccM:iik cdhh^^z (.oinnu n Uy wh ick is ]■ f cx:d Di^ndiLxi*
QtIEI V^Ll-ES
McxBE aAd w h il E^-CEiiLcd dcDr w?ir ohtcrrcd d anri£ the sec VL'il . OS "^Bs bcdr m:^ The owiems icpoft [ hd a V4iric4>
of wEldlifc um: i \iz sijcj.
CiJ S D JTIQN
PToEit and^cdc Ic gnj; ing U.CU rs Ji [lie wilkiw uhI "^d mc^vkiw (.mnnLiriLly L^lHiongli usi: app.'uiH co hjvv l^c^zn Liglit
rrccnlly Occ4isKmjl silica lvc I inbcr hjTF'ol in^ cou Id Ixcxxumig in [ he spniCL' r?i74 . bui i jdith ly apjx^ajy
undL^irbcd \k pfcscnl (LcsjLti 1^87? A n u mlxT of L^tti ic pljnl^ (S4. u r lmi [ he prcsecL-c but [ hey scacmJ^ 4k> ntx
fXii^mhiU to [ he spniLL' for» . 4ii k^tKl in [ he titiM^nee of d i4 idxiELeL' T kcre e'ux icti eceir la I hL' wiLkin^ and
vy^ mc\Jikyvr co\mn\imK\c^ uhI llicsi: ecnkJ jxihf a 4 krcd diiLMo lliL^ir I L^ndekty 4o '>pie4id aggie»iLyel> TtiOif arr
1]iix4[l> gnoHS. CmL4ida I hH le LC]iHiin LJ^^ L'n'vj. 4ind si>^^'-ll]id Le ( Sonckus ■li£Lnc:Kn'>H Lesied l^7> RceJ
ednmygnoHi jLs:) u.cLic> in [ hesi: LL^innu mlJL's tiul w kile Jl ^ »t1 us l£i uljve iif cxciiE l£ UKJciar (e^ g. ^^^e
McnglujftoaHl Lcsxa I9*^> il mn be quLle a^rc^3>jve jnd Jifficu It co ccioil mk
TJpLhMPa
Tkc pnEmuy ofT^c on ivil Lcs "^ kieh tbicLiten the v ELtnlity of tli is "^il e ^rc [ he rmd- bu ildiug and icstdcntEiJ
dcvelopmenl caking pLice nexl lochesile p^id EuLiKy 4 kJ ^oing on np^kkipc fioni [ he "^ile Tkere js fxleni lal for
Rudenlsjnd hnvKsccs in interfere ^^ Jl k llie giou nd'^^er flnw lo the scc^ 4is well as p^ enlul fiif ■■iFKnl
IrxjJin^ fnmi sepiiL s>'^enLS 4o aker tlie cxmipiKil iLin of I he SLle\ pkiH eonimn n il es ( Le^sLa I9S7) [■ tiddiim]
in^dnees of [ R:^pLt^ Li^ e b-Mi inereiisinf . aLCindjig in 4 ke landowner Mc:^ of iliesi: in^jneesai^ pnipb wdntiig
In walkiheirpils.ordc^'^ju^ nuniing free. BiH k lkI iv iljes have pr4 entul lo in4.r:M^^ I he spread ol w^ed'^and
dNiTtiwikJLife
145
[h rPKM ^ Tw N Weeps
LoiK^U^Tj idE^Qiiflcd I hi: iced FurmnK in fom^ ua on [ he "^il d\ hyd rrrki^y und 4 hL' pciijL'acd cff«L'> of
"^u biH iviSKm L^ [ he "^"^y lt Hti«rc{: ^L'> on<: ol Hieni^ ini|>)rt£Li4 Lind jM^Hhin^ iHfiUC'K ELncxzchLl lupiHl hi'^L'> hi'nlcci 12
ycjrMJjiO- mucin jJ I fcL" pfiJjLXlixl *iu hi ivisKjn iiih LiIll^fi pJ jc-sz. Tlic ^iMl-ccnri cffi:4.L^ oa I fcL" wLl" Jiij^ i: ii|>jxin:jiL]y
b^Dn n:LJLycl> lieai^n tis I ht species jod coairnun il k!s dcpcndcri ii* L h? "dc's hyd ruluf^ jr? h ill piotcnl
Huwtvcr I hL' k^n^-tcTui cffais jn: D^x kftiVAn jod dL'vckifWKil ls cii*4 in u ing SiivK fonn of muflionn^ pn:^ Rim \s
needed Lo dd ca miy c haigL's resu ll Jig I cun liyd ruk:^ ic jlleoiiu*
Ma hr a g km ent Needs
Eleh entOccl ti£^ n l^FQ eu ^tkj^
Fk^ Bp^lmtcMU ■■iDnrj fored
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Pk^ sf^vsK h Nil* LivKriii^Liin fam
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A^fW Ls ^olon iJon Jiertuce^ioiK vcgndton
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40 Blasdel Waterfowl Pruduction AiBa
|j]c \ I K>^
rBnc4ri on Scdc Rnud '&2 fiom U S 93 titntf !$ aiilL's »jli£ h iif Kdlispi:!]. NforiaAJ ^flcrl.l imli:^. [ u ra non h
tmviifd Bi:^ [ic] CL'nictcn'. A n^r jl^ont I ] auln jxjci t1 pubJimncc^ ^lIi: on c^fl side of n:uJ E-'oLlm^did nxil
Kiel's gtF^
ELm^pL Wdcilow] Pnrfucc irai Ami (W F ^ ? & u foruier furm im^ ivwiL^ bj'LliL'US Ftshjod WildlifL" Een-icc tiMl
Inc^ cd ii* LliL' dncKnl dckt] kiniEd b> nvcrHofrni^lL^viicrfKiaictLC n:ccd]ig vialLcy f iKx^rdinng [ h? Pki^cxi^nc
[\k und Hyndmjn l*^'&6) Thcsf fk>w]ig "^^ciy c ut inLn [ he dcku's sill'> and »=di[n?ris jnd formed Lin: j^LciicluiinL'L^
"f uch tis I bohf [in^ facd uUhL^ WPA £evi:raJ pl^oi ^.orniniiE ics I ypK^L iif vaJkv Ixccom h^'d tii]d'> cxx u r hcfL' A
fnigt of bL^ k caioflwcxid^tOowtrcrR' ( Pc^pu li]'> Ixib^Linifi^Ri ^[1 [RCixtiqu) R:injii]'> tirou nd ii*i: uf [ he "^ivgks. Tht
ovcplufy El donintlcd b> bliickcuLon^xx:d4ind4KfxnLFopu]v>LiunuLoidi:sj^^^l]jk[hei]i]de[^or>' l'> 4.oinpiiM:d rru:^]y
of CE her LncfL'^thcrs JikL' bLK k bii^ilioTiLC C C nd jcgis dou^ Ilki] h iK [^£d Lici' giio^ ^X [louf [i I hb conirnujiJl > ^
cimpiisLlKi* Ls Ejr fRm pn.'d iru: lhthL£Lirr^iic<: ■"> n^xLihk si ncs: niLiny ol I hL"^' cuLon^xxid ^.ornjniiE ic?i Iilivc been
ekjcr^l r^ L^ rKijJl Lici' iH [loaietHiM liig. T he ski«^b> huvL' a [red cafiLir> ^rtHS cx^rn rniiJl > ecx. lining la Llie sk jlk>w
muctk tud "^d mc^idiiw /CHIEFS n« [ he onLer m jr^irui iif 4 [ic h^'dLuids Lliis ^ r^t^ lorirsi j iiL^ar nuruxnll ure lalhedfep
moGfezoat LlierL'aje pdt^liL's iif IhiI [i liucd^cn Inilru*^ ^ ^jq^s acuc u'^Mnd cdcaiL riypliLi JLljfoliJ) cxmirniiJiJl
huiidihIiel^ Llie dL'eper npea ^vUcr The "^adcm- n::^ sLou^ h EidL^epaul htis u d]vers: tu|«JliL ^.L^nunu lEy t1 Jl'^vi js
viewed fnjmslu^re ^V Jer-JiLy INiiphai sp ) is I fcc duminEiH sjKtKK Fcre-flcxE 113 sfccLCi era [ he ^^^ er^ surface
include <jr d uekwecd ( LemiLJ 4 ns«ka)^ spimdela I Spiciidelj ]ydyii]ji]ji CiilLinibm ^Ucr vkjL I WuL^fij j-olumbEiia)^
aftd Llie LK[Liai K. Liverwoit Riccusfi Mo^ly su bmergLiH 4iq ud lc?i Ji Llie 'i:3rne ski«gh include fcniieL- Le4iycd fx^nd'^CL'd
( PclJETUi^cloa ]>x:4 loai isj^ eel-griHS jxradwecd (Pcxtnnc^doa /CHCifomuf ^ R ichtud'^rra's fx^nd'^CL'd (Pc^aMK^^dii*
FKlijnbxmLO- Berchiold's ]xrad^?cd 4 PcctiMio^dii* lxrch£old]it aod linrn'^'od LCerdnpliyllLindenieEsvnj fioilt^oies
rrvciJed t^idy sLilkv^ organ ic linnjoas over siH clay Icxiai nineial smLf
KlY ^ V rtO N H ENT.^ L FlC TORS
Ooe qir: pLaH nc4.mai Lliis'^le Llie Liq uti lc spa:]es Coin mbu wucer [neaJ Tliere 4ii? ["^"o mernhers of I hci gen n't
( WolfTuii in N^ifllana. aftd Lliey are 4 [i^: sniaLlen V4i:vLiLar [iLaHs ]■ Llie 4^ e 4it alxral I mn long. CoLu [nbia ^vUer ncjl
cx:curs]i fre^h ^^ Lcer [U[Lds jnd cai lomdeosi: bcds'^hci blown jruuad byctic wind
Qtiee Vmifjs
TtiLS site sfens lo be gcuH wiLdLifc hatwd . [OJlic u larf> f^^r "^^ erf-owl a^d alier biid^ A h]ider LIilc 1 rjn Jrio
"^[iLlel wxi VEiLlJig [ he sjlc wjs vciy enLliiJsij:^ k. ^ilxral Lliesi: wdtindsusa biidingspix !■ tiJdiiKra Ihe WLiccr
oF two of [ he e4i:4 eru ski«gks "^"as sljgk Ly brjpLkistL LCiiftdw-UvE LCi laiged fiom L^XX)- 1 ^CX^ u S^ m h 4i«:onJ in^ 4o I he
def ii]l Lon*^ Lis[:d b> ^ewad aod KaolndU^TLj TlieK "^d tind^i eovkJ h: fu nclion ing us d L^rhaj^c "^d tinds^ wliere
gmsdwder d 1"^ luLi^es Jiilo Llie wvt kinds. £Lftd L hen Llie wiier <:vap:^[Ues leav]ig "^^ er wil h inereasi^d ^inLly.
5cveD]Binbiearb^-4if^ct£Hsifjdd Js"sdJin^--alkalLijnd'(USDA-SCS ]^^1
CD'^^]TK^N
CnTimtly Llie wei lands are is^d pnnaiily lof^^erfowl huQiingaiHl birdin^ A nmnber of e^^jcs jr: fcnkd in [he
eiil[on'^'(xxJ^nc:n^ lxTT> conimnnily These JKJndea varK^y ol ]X£lnK £ curies billciv^cel ^ SoLannn dnlcaMiaiaJ^ b«ll
Ll] l4 Le (C iisinni vu igaci'J^ CaAjda Lliid Le (C ii^nin an en*?}, l]onnd4ii*gie ICyiogk:«EU ni orficintilct and sowlki^le
( Sonehis nli^inosu'f ) These have dcgrjdcd [ he ml e^ niv of Lli is etmniu n il y sign iflc^iil l> Th^vz ls a [enifxjcurily
rkoJol'^d meadow s«nou nd ing 4 wo of I he c£icin sLouf h'f whK.1] Lsdonintlcd b> ledlofi L A^civd l*^ ^olon ifciaj^ dnd
Llie shallow najsh4inmnd I he^' skivghs ls domjuled h}' a monecu iLnK of R:ed i:aijr>^[u-?^
Lands in [ kc "f u rTonnd]ig areu of Llie FLJ hejd VaLle> arepnnaiily used for agra. u ll ni?^ sulIi £ts rumng wheol
bvednck.orhay N^y of [lie neait^ sk^uf hs are farvKd nghi ■pLocheedgeofcheskivgh Sonie of I he fanb are
bcin^ lepljced b> HvhdiMhions and Ji Llie^ e4i»:s giren tiwnsexlend np li> t he edge of Llie wJer T ke skraglis aul
Llie pJanL 4.oininnnE les 4 kev snfipad lepfe^H auneuf [he lew reEEiaintns luaLL nalive pkmJ conimin J ics Ji [lie
FUliead Vjllcy.
147
LirnnnLi ion oa I hi: h^'Jrc^kigy of Llics: "^d tLi]d'> h^tKj kJ he ■sd'u L in K^iLlt m jrui^jig Llit WF A Rif lh'^jelci:. kauwiEi^
T^ lid fcLT I fce ^^ Lccr LcvcK in [ h<: -ilongliii wj> in Rucw-cd nH>Ju by FiLchcjd Ljkc levct>_ prct'ipilLi umi CM^wacraf
nvc nne OTigji '^'OLiLJ beisfful la piuJiLl in^ I he laflieniK of Icn iJuf r niouff ^ pcienc uL c hcaiK'iJ spiJbi^ ur
"^fH LCCffluCBJ
M 1 hT ^ G EH ENT We E [>&
Th^ir L'> cirr^nl l> j JC)-KI)fr>^ biiffer of nncLilUvilnJ bnddnmnd I he ^^ l^i I jnd^ vyh\^k probably hclfis lo reduce
"^laieol Ji|m^ li> Llie ^et Itiods. U would t<i us[:f u I co iru:i7-Jhe I hci hufi er ■■ plLiPLCs where l£\ ckM:r4o JO fL'cl
Soini: (:oi]'>jderLii Km '>l]onld tiK) he givci] [o ptinl i[L£ Ht>iT>[: (.i^loa^'iiod^ nverchuiielcoltic wa^ Tlic
c\Ei ing [ r^L"^ die a^jig t]ftd 4:^ LRf 4o hK^k ip. 4ind ptinl lo^ hcwk y'OLio^ cuLlU]wxx>H would help jnjiiil Jin [ he
c4J[U[Lh^'oiid conirnuiiJl y d Ihci'Je.
Elel TNTOrcL P: 1 1^ r r K jx] an ^TE^f
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T ^ phiL Ll 1 loLiLi hcrhtL^ms vc^HULoa
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PopuJis hjL^iniiJen ^p
t nc hiic tiq^4^ V m pfcnnc Lup^ ul hv> fo r
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145
41 Boo^ackMeadovLG
Lnc \ I K^^
Tbi^ sUems Inched ab^l I nLLcc^ ol 0\mcy MonUna Ji LIil' ^ illwoltr VuJkv.
Boct^lMmiluw L^d^LicuLlv fof mcd di^prcshti^i LliLic WLic^ SLiniKd ouc b> Ih^gt^Lcrchd ^viis ]■ Llit Kiic ky Nkmrutna
Trrncb Thi: VKLiiJohi' dcK^nl ^ipp.'^Lr 4o hL^'c ti "^TtJcc in let iif ii«l k1 . aMl apjunMil l> I In: WLicr in 4 [iLii wl^i bod
dcnvL"^ »;:■» ly fn^in ^ rivhI^^ jIlt. Tliis "^^d^^: aic^m^ is dominoed h}' lj "^L^ndcr salgL' {C4l^^^ LthtLCLJcpu) coairnuiiJ>
Vrki^k \hn\Lgcd b> jnjcnn^ bciakcd salgt ICjr:x lu riciLiid) coainmi] iI y LliLic b Lie d sliglil l> k>^i:r p::«il ua L^od lhv>
fiLlfd ^ilh'^'^i^r- E foruL^ J tigg (7r ' mnx ' Ttic ^k^odcr si^dgi: coEnrnnii]! > Iilsi l^ gn^u nd tiVLT'^Ltl] [iL^h hih^ 4.c:i¥cr,
uftd Llitn: 4IR: HLimc JLiT^L' 6cuiiC [^^.In:^ of r.'cd 4. jntuygiLtHS L PliL^Lins tinmdjftiiccL^j 1 n 4 h i*^ LL^innu aily. On Mmz
sljghLy h]ghLTgiT)und la I hL' vklkJow l'> a "^m jLI [ u feed hairgrssi IDck:!] jaipKU ccsfccimj u>innu nily ^hictiis
domjftiitL'd b}'[unal hturgrjHhL^ad njcTDi^-spikcJ r^cd^oKf^CaLirnL^ciiHlLMncxpjn'^il.TliiSirimaiunily htislxzci]
invtidcd b> Kc[L4u4.ky bluL'^rjc^4P\'aprjlL'niiL'>? Offof 4hc norttihiL'sl culol BixHjtKk NfcLidow L'>ti'^hon^n[L£of
smuLI di^jMUHJon"^ ^^ h lcIi lin: 4kmLnLlcd b> LNLln^r Lm led sl^jc LCun:^ j11il"[iiJl^J_ in lliicd s^dgL" lCur:?: vcsjLtinjJ,
or c^i£ul L ^^ ph^L Li LfoLitU umniLiaLlJL"^, L^nd tih^lxJ hy j Ixuid of "^pru^L'^r^d o^Lcr do^h^ixiJ ( Pjlcj sp ^Coni'>
Knccj) Dnnirnuii J > ThL'LipLaHl l'> ^pnccyi:h:4id l]l> | Fjcci ^p ^C LinkiflEi iiaLrkicu? jnd s«tulp]ii: flr/hc^lily ^ A biL'^
lL£iLCK'4ir^nVC LmkiflEi Liaitloru} fbr«
Kl\ E^ V I P:t> N I[ FNT^ I FlCTOES
Tbt bjdnlafj nf 4 [id ^lIi: is Lin: ch icf EJaor "4 ruci Lino^ uod miUiLiuiiiig Bnc4^k Ml'i^ow^ wd LohI coEnaiu n il k4^
RhEIT^
Tticic tirt rwo Tar plEiflf occincnii'cs EI rht SLit. ciHcd !i]i ittd f^n rc^iyoftrrc rrrtdai und spurrLxJ gcoiiLia
( HLiLcaia dcfli^^tit l:c4 h oF wh icti nccir la I hL' ni^N sprvLL' fon.'sl "^u rnivftdin^ Bixljtic k NkLiJow Thi^rcmu norm:
pltini coEnmii]]! Lcs.
CD\U1^T¥1Y^
Tticic tuT piDl:4jM> nnt^in^nl hod lisl:^ d I ht sUi: h:Mdcs Imnl lo^ RcDd c jomy^ rL£u> riinns I jf^l' dnmc pLictLOi in
LliL' slL'nd^r »rJgt ccunmLinLly 4ind 4ip]X'ms 4o lie sffr^]ig €oru n^l of 4 [lls s^Ecini. whK.1] luts bcL^n 4 [r^iol as b<:tl] un
ciiH Lc t]ftd ti nd Lvc in [he lleidLin: LsdilTKiiJl L^rid l'^pl^hsji'c ^ ^pfclbunin uul Sjras 1^7) Thci ctxij^ giuHS
liHins miTiicicu ll nic^s ■■ »Z4i^?:^ jLIv HixidDd VEinlicsL^nd icuii FopnLixifts in NihI h Anient li m\iy b: comjxin.'d of txUfc
nd Lve f cfti1> [K^s umI ELiciipcui cik iv jc> ( McnglEino and Lcsjcti 1^^^^!^)
A gicdl dc jL iif [ he tul^cri npbnd bjshi^eaorEi jiLl]i:]MT:ci^4>of bcin^liL^rL-L'^L'd S):3d Li^uL^ 4.ornL' down 4u
^ Ltl]]i] abDnL 25 L'd l^ I hi: VKLidcin^ . co wIie^ft j fnrded buffer » rip bc^ in "^
^lore in ronOid ID* on 4 [le file's [i>'cf rnlcTgy ls ocfdcdjc licLp bctlLT nndecl^Lnd [ he effects cf tintEr hdPF'al on
■^il L^'s wjIlt levels.
Fit lie (inter h^uvefl a 4 lie ^il d sknU com inne lo enpLoy » reioMKidE^ nunugemenL /DnehnfTer^ ^tonllo^■goftkc
rred c^inar^grfK in^'^Lhti^i is needed lodcx^inenl [low qn ickly 4 [ll^ 4igKfisive sjxx.jl's 4.tia spnrjd irmvch bjbildls.
143
BfH entO c e uiitBic E Info km aud n
P H-C-.L *ifi''a^rji u^ ^oknifrra fcMurf
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t\in:^ Li^HiLtirpti fcL'rti.fc-i^iJU^ ^ cji dLi KHi
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42 Egan ^ough
|j]c \ I K>^
E£>ii Skngh L'lkx^Jfd ii^^t coltic FlLihc^ R]vtrnonhof Fldhokf L4iL: Ji nort[LWL"4 MohLjoll NOTE: Tl]isj'>t] privdc
i^-cttind jod Lindcin^ n{:r pi^ruii'Sttim is needed lo ticccu> Lliis "qI t
Rec ■ "s Fss
Ef^ Ski«gh L'> ti hrge biir'a:^[Lo:-sl]LA[Kd cii^ b<:n^ IliKc n?U li> Llie FLi [lclkJ Kivcr T^Hincd wliea I ht nvtr rol otfT nut ctT
il "i rnem]di:c>. Egdn Slongli now Ilx.)l'> a "^u rfjce wjIlt ui*im ion ki FLJ [kzlkj K Lvcr exccjl lor ti d ike wil h ti h?4idgLic
vy\L\^k htis Ixzcn (:oi]4 njcTcJ 1x1 wcea I he 4 wi> The WLicr Level of E^tii Skui^ti nse^ dnd f jLL'> we h 4 [ic Lcvtlof
FLthei^ Rjver. [nud Liki^Ly die 4o gioiind wJ er nmaea lon'i 1x4 weci Llie I wo. Funned la hchL^ iif aJluv eJ ori^ m
CUSD^-SCS L96:3j.llie!ikjujh CicraeiiUlic bai e-mmpks of a Lir^c nv cr Jjii^li Ji [ he FLJ lieaJ ValLcy ( Lesjca
undJcd? Gcod e;uLin|Tt'>ofdcepntiiHl] '>}ialJo^ ntirJi aod lil[u^k. pLuu cornmii J lcti are found h^ir The Jeep ^^a[^tL
coffiETiu n il y cxx u r^ a[ii«ftd Llie a[ii«ftd Llie uur^Ln*^ 4ifid £y Llie end^ iif 4 [ic ^longli aod jk lude^ WLicr [LO[^elaLl
C EqiETi:^ in f1i]viiit]k) cdirdil CTypLi td ifiilLai and lianldcn hu Injsh {^Jipi]'> acuLu'>Honiiniii]l lcs. u^ "^cll Xi
"^^me 4ai]d'> of bRudfriEcd bur-rcedcS[£LJ^aiiunieur>x.ar|)«nj Tli ts Jl'c4 LL^mnu nily hitsnl Km n dsZM. rihcJ lor
MonLana, bnl d EganSk^u^h il ciixmai tihiivl I he ^^une piVtJLJcu] oh Lhe cJlaiL coniniunjl > ThesLUk^w n1a[^h
cfwiETiuniLy L^i in slLf hLlyt halkin^cr wHer, and ik I wies 4iwn«l "sxl^c ^ Caici d licnidcsj umI bcdkcJ "^^d^c c€ajc\
uL ricitiid? conuniiJl Lcs. The ^na ic coEnmniiJl y in ^h: Jk^w er jx^d^ i^ 4 Ik: ^k^gli EiJuninJcd b> ^vUcr IlIv ^ Nnpliar
viirie^Jnni)^ woler nijlfo]l LMync^phyllnin vcniLjILlnEn^^Liid LL^^nm hiLddcrwon i L^ricitma vnJ^n.'t^ whiL?
deefxr ^nLic ic Dimimii] J Lcs are JcuninJaf b> ] LbkUd jxmdweed ^ PuaMK^^dii* illLnccKsiii) and ^h He talked [K^ulweizJ
( Pclanui^clon pi;ieloi]gi]'>? ALihxi nod Lend of 4 lie ^Lou^ h ii* an mtiiid e^ 4II] 4FQvn.^o^ Ixit> I Pufvlu^
Li?innLoLdcs^Syi]]p[Liincaf]Thalbv>j kifen mw. h of wliiL h hjs hi^en jnp:b.Led by^r^/ii^ The IcmfuranLy flcxided
rnaFg]KS of I he ^Louf h s«|TfUf1 a'^d rneiadow (^oinnu nily dimiLntiol b> e'ux ic jx^nn: ^ uutes [ h i'> cimniu n ily ha^abo
b^en heiiviLy inflncnccd b> gi^v ing. Bd ween [ he ski«gh aul Llie FLi IlcliJ K Lvcr d a caiii*WLXid^red-L>tKr4kigWLXid
conmunily ^liich hLi^ jLho been influenced b> jxfl^rjjin^ [didn'l yuJ eillier of Lhe bd twocommniEie^
iifcnEii lan abaui 4 [leni L'>[tikcn fiom Lcuca L u nd^y e^U
T[lc [ly'Jciik^f > Df the stc Ellie n::« impnrtail faaordetennininf Iheconlinied exidcnc? of tlie wet land
conniu n lUes al E^a SkMgh
RhE[T^
Fonr rare wetland pLinls ciccnr Lie Egjn Slouch Thceaic pyg my w^ er ]jl> L Nynphaea Let ra^ona)^ wliic h Cidihjnnd
inllic PLX-ific NiHlliwei fiornclic niain part of E'^ran^c in eificin Nuflli AncniTJ €oLu mbu WLXcr mcdU WolffEi
ciilnmbiana? abto «cu rs liere Gc4hol I he^ were oWTL-ed dinig mv^ile vise T'^'o n4 her '>px:jes [ htl nccnrher?
bu[ whK.1] were nu iitiKLTFol d u nn^ my "^e v bit arc wJerc lnbTll^h IS4. iTpus su bcenninaJcij umI "^"ai er 44ir-gri»i
( HelcranLlicrj JitwL^ Tlie ^LhpcnAtMVA Kny ^.omKiniEy b I he ii*l> Ijil^w n ixcinukLC l^ I hb I ype we4 of Llie
cuHLneHaJ djvide in ^^DnLina. The ihkd* torciic domin^ucc of ubpen jnd m\l bLick cd con weed b not kno^n LLcsica
unddedj
QtIEE V^LIES
NnmcionH ^px le^ iif binls and mjrnKkiL'> have tree ■ obnrn'ed 'Ji Egdn S longli. Tlic areii l'> fkIi in wjkJLifcakd uf
u ndou bled Ly inip:)rtai4 bleeding habJai kirnun> ">]!«:] e^ ^ Wcflec und Lqie^ L^6j
CD'Sn]7X]M
Ef^ Skngh L'>ui^ lor wai erfi>wJ hunL]igaHl lof fEiliLn^ T lie ^kmgli d jLho used as a '>npp]y of Jin^d ion wacr
fof adjiiceni eiopLind ^Voler I cim I he slan^li is ab:) alk>wed li>n:n^ Jilo I he FhJ lieLid River dunng k^w nver
levels Lo firevenl flcxid]ig of ccupLud in I he spnig ( LesiLa nnducedk R eed c^inarygrfK 4 Ph jlarvi anind lULKej)
preics a I hreai Loche ^^a[^tL eonim u n iIks d E^ai Skiu^k. e hiK 4ilie4idy inv^ed mivk of Lliesi: umnu n iljes and J j^i
vciydiffiLull Lo 4.onl roU ^pfelbanm aftd Sjms 1*^7) Hii«ftd4on£ue ^ C > no^Ls^m olYk inaLei, CdntiJa [ h l4 k '€ limu m
arvcnszh s:nv 4 kelle 4 E^^ktlins nLigJkUhvsJ^ and eornncM inillcii ( Vertuse u rn 4 h^ip^vsh lLju kmnd in [he npiirun T^re'd
eonniu n II jes. G ray [UJlTidge l Penli\ pecdii^j Ting- necked pt^^L IPhasnniJS ll^L ic u^^ Ein^p.'^Ln ^arlin^ L^uni'i
vulgarisj and hiivse sfuir^^w ( Pti»T[:rdnnr4 Leis> aie inlrcidneed birds lepiHled froniEgdn £ k^uf h ILoiied ■ftddted )
UrLAtfua
TEie npLinds snmmnd ing 4 ke ^k^uf h 4ind 4 he land liot'^een Lhe aiuis of [ he ski«gh are n^ed forgiD^ing crops Tkeie
areaL^^J le^id 1 res1den4.es 4idjLiPLen[ 4o I he sk^u^ h Be4h pet? LlinrJ s Lo [ he "^^erqvjl J > ol EganSlan^k Tke
'^^er^'eKied rx her [ u rtid dnnng niysEevUkd
151
[n FUfj ^ Tu N Needs
Mi^ ^ G EH TNT We E [>s
Elej^ entOtcl rie^ rr ]\ra au ^tk^
Popnlis 1 rcnu lDidf?Avin|TfcnncEif]m> uJbv> fom
G3''
SJ^
Po|«]is IwL^imifcr] ■fl>p_ 1 nchcx'Ji^4.cwuu!i stncKi
fbira
or
SJ
Csn:^ n^arjcLi hcdxiPLC^^UM'L^cU urn
G5
S5
Scirpu^ LiPLri us liL'ctucc^^us ^ szgctLl ion
G5
S5
Hqu I'^T u ni fli^ Ly lie hcrkK L^^u^ ^ L'^Li^y Km
G5
S^
TyphiLLliloLiLi horlxtL^Jus ^ l^cilI loa
G5
S5
C'Jizc^ j11il"[iiJl"> hi: rtth. 17(^*1 ^ L'^d jIk™
G5
S5
N> niphLiL".! 1 d nigijji.i *s»fi kNhcrgii
G5T5
SI
Scupu^ Hflh^jnuiLAl L'>
G4G5
S2
Wolff u coLunibiiinti
G5
S2
HctciBtf brrLi d ubia
G5
SI
152
43 GoodCi^ekMai^
|j]c \ I K>^
MODtB
TtiLsbLiui rcn (X-c u piL's L1 gliicEiJI>-ronnc^ dL'prc^n* orm gtntly s1np]ig. fti>ill]- Feic i n^ hil KhIi: dlxnv? Gc>rd C rc^k
T [ic "^^ lt Honiui: b. L1 svkUl Ji^iw [o 4 [k: M)U[ h ^^ Jl [i Jri^znnjlccri "^tIjcc Dim Dunn^ h|u h- ^^ ^fcr [K:Tind'> "iHTfuirc
i^^i^m^u] fh^w I nnn Llii: ^"Q Load rcim j sveiJI ouLld bnl prim jnLy wljclt uui fti^s jcl' Jil' 4o gn^u nd"^^ i:r ]ciHti:4> und
cvdfxliLiKtfiQiKi* Thi:sc? L'> dorruftiiL'^ b}' li ^L?kJ i:r scd^c (CtirL'\ LKHictiijxjJ mc^cn^ "^ Lili ^ ruirruw rmxi OLCufiLcd
by WLicr [LU[^flLJL^ Eqiiisi:^ in fluviLic iJl') '>um)u nd i[L£ jl [■ Lin: ccnl lt cd~4 [ic »:^gL' VK^dcin^ istUJiy pdt:]] of op^i
"^^ i:r wil h "^^cr JiLiL"^ { Nu p^rsp ) Ttic ^kxiinu Li ion of si^dgi: jx^^ c\CL'cd'> 1 3in. and ^ 4.1jy Livi^r l]fN Ixkm
LliCTri: [ELl dL'jy^^ [nmcJEii i:lv ^u nni]i]d]ig LliL' jxuid L^jnaiRiw btiMl of dixjd«i>its >?gd lIki* doaunLlcd by bLick
ciUcoa'^xxxJ L F^^J v> L JictKX^L^rfu^ uhfti^n IPofiu Lu*^ 4 fL^rnnkitdcs? uul viimivs "^tu b^ T [ic "^u rnmndjig upland
vcgclLiCk^ L^ J su baJpirK: fjr/licur^rHi I Abies LKKK^irp^i^Xcn^ph > I liiin Li:nax ? bjbildl cypc "^ [iLch Lsdorn]^!^] by
Icdgepiik t^inL' ( Fjiv> cuHoda?
Kn E^^ iP.^i^>rE^ Ki F^ttot:^
Ttic ^'j^^liL ni^Hl 11^ d IhL'sucL^ad year- kin £ "fii Hid Lon la I hi: irx:4 lo^ /ooe ai^ R^hfHlVtlbLc forchcpdi
Liccinu Ili ion 4ii]d pLaH coaim u n iIks d LhtsAi: Tht ufiLoMls an: domioLdcd b> jhl'riI Lcdfcpok fiinc coaiamii J y^ w J [i
V4itli:r^ firt-st^jcrcd Ijrcl] infnzqucni vkxIci^Ic co ^and- n^pducio^ fl res ph^nndEuLly buncdltic ufiLaMls
"^u rTonnd Jig Lliis rcn. LT^ EX.1] lt aod GriLlLcy L^Tj
GoodCirckftn "^[LLk'nnJ cspzcLalLy divci^ flon.'^ically dc>:sl]L>d Li^x) pfeiils wh icti ljcl' rjma MonUna^
cfL'cpjig "^gL' C Caiei cbiHdc^TTfciuj aul p:>H grsK 4 ^LliL'uc^li/criLi pulu'd ns>, ah wl'LI as a prvl]i]i: i^^anpLc oF u
slcodcrscdgi: LCan:x LisHJcafjuj cunaiu n iLy.
OriEi Values
ThnfmLsnod likely a FUin^-l hiongli h^dLind rnL^^iiiog Jl Ixlli ctci^jvl"^ gionndi^UerdEf bjr^L' and pcii^'KJcs
f Ri«ftdwLiii:r rcchaj^c Lo [ he Gcxxj CiL^ek d uinagc Givtnltie inLLiPLl uphodsjnd tick l^ ir%idh ]■ tin: caiLluni^nL , Jl is
bliE^ly [[i£d alliif [ hc^d LimIs fiiru-l K^os an: loiad (t g slion-ccnn dyntiMiLC^TtdCi: h^4ii:r <oiagt long-LL^m
<Lic ic suTlace "^"ai lt "diiTJ^e^ L^k'nicrial c}M. I]ig^ n:moviiI L^ L'k'niL'nis cimpi^u ads and pan icuLJes? ICixil: aul HaiiLT
I99S3 Thtscc Lsabiivl OJ mik fioin LIil' nc^ir^^ rci^iJ.aiid Lis fL'lLiiJVL' ■■JCY.L'^ibjlLly LaigL'Ly 4iccou nLs lof Lis
riKtxmjl inccgnly
Cp^niTta^
Wtlilht cxczcpian Df hH Loc^ Lbm aiE ID cincBt laid b^lci ut cli is ftn. >ki ^ x£t ic floni CLincH Ly I [imJei] [ he
Etc
UrLAHna
Tkcic hsEi h.'ci] »:)nii: p4fi k^inf inlhDkdgepoJD^aHlssiiTRiindinglhL'^'dJjnd Judging fn^mLln: pKSf nci: iif dcLxJ
IndfCfK^k pinclalLal by nmniE jn pjul' th.'cl Lc. 4 [ic [ iinbi:r liarL'L"^ "^"as kif [ hc^d^iigL' iif d^zLiiJ I ilms TliL^n: d kq
obvLou*^ ^[xrand d 1*4 ■rtxin^L' Ji LliL' c£i4.1]ini:nL. Til Ls kn L^sunoundcd by t-on^fd SlTf lci: tiMls dnd 4 [l^k aiL' no
obvious [ h [m-^ <o I liL" vjjbiliy iiH liLS siIl" Lc !*_"**:■<
Ml'<^GFMr^TWEE[>^
Sliuamsidc niaQagi:nicri /one lah^'s slioiiJd b^ ol:»:rL-ixl ifaiy fri u ci: 4 imKT han ch ixcirs in 4 [ll^ ^.LicchvKil
Eleh entOccu tiEfCE Keq nu ^tco^
Carrx ttsxicarpa htrtuccDiLS vcgctd HM I G5 I 55
153
44 GoodCi^ekTribkJBry
LOC^TKJN
Reci^ess
TtiL^ sUems Lin: hni^id llcxid pltiin of jn [^plicaicrjL ^ rc^m Ji I Iil' Rcxky MounUinTiTKh A series of h.'uvi^r duvK en
tin: creek htis crcdcd ^ scqimcc uf L[^n;iL«J wc4 Loads. Oil' iif [ he duMb is !$ fc^ I j|] ukd cit^iKl"^ 4 [le enl icl'
IkhixJpLjia Ttieir ls ^ Lorgi: iiccinekLC ol wcl spruce fnicH ol [ hc^il l' wliicli ^rjHcs mlo t]i ukJer sh^dmp. T he
spruce^u n kmhlx^e ( Pice J sp /Lysjc h il in jaicriLtiiin) lorc^ and [ he tilHer s^'dmp have j siaiiLir ve^ddlKi*
cunpLiSLlKi*. 4ind 4 [le Eruun d]ffere[u.e is domjftjncc b> eilliLT "^pruee m~ jldi^r^ Jl ^ piiHsibLc I bdt [ [le tikJerswuEnp
"^ lI I £Qid utilLy be repLKcd h}' spnce s^iinp P\hii nfltie bcixid flccdpljiJiJ Llicsce is doaiinLicd by d E>tu mimiwl^
"^ lI lo^/h.'aiDH s[:dge L S^Lix d nnaic^nd iL^na/Ctire;^ ijl ricu Itiai 4.oinnu ridy T he ciiMrly . d r>^ ephcnei;il 4 lumn channcL e
doauftiited h^'chce^iilLc^rLtssredkiptAgrci^Ei'diilimLremi T h n^Li^tioLii 4 [lls ^.orniniiEy die seLicLenzd [uiehesnr
bli^k eeJIoah^txid^ncin^ bi[:TT>' ( Fnpnlis buhaMiLFem sf p LTicticxLjrpLi^Sy aiphorKdrpiis ^Lbu't ) n^Enrnun J > . we h pi^ctiesor
bcjked m_^£e awinu n il y in "ft etLer Lueas. There jre ot*:^ vyne fU4. hcs ijfsfwnce^field [u^D»eli5LU Piceu np /Eq u met u m
Lirveosi:) 4.c»rniniiEy u* [lie ouler nur^ins ofltie sprvLC s^ioaip wliere e ^ d ner
Kit Bj'^EtoNWEMT^LF^rTO E*:
Tbc liTdiDlafiy dTI he site. Lis f eimoq^Diugy^ dud be^^erjd tviL^ tire Lhe I tiree d nv in^ fbdms ^nicl uni^ Llie
plEiBi coEnrnin J Lcs Lc 4 he sUc
A p^pnLiKi* of Llie rare pliinL kid ne^'-leuved vuLel | Vic^h leiifiilLi} WLic^ KJenl ifKd ai LlieHEe Hmvever.chc
pltinis were vegettl L>e a»d lis idem ily nced"^ co lie eon FirMK*! ^a title K 's la fltj^^er T he "^il e j1si> has tiiaie ^■rt
spniee coairnin J> J [le spnu.e^ku n kcdbbtj^e ftifCH
Or I El VALVES
Co H D ITKl N
Ttieie tire ftQ einenl hod Lii£s ev tderi ti I tie site Ttie Emideuinnon e^ci (c spectes d I he site js tlie ^il^hs. redtop
AlsDfTfrKri LE 4 he site are reed eantuygiuHS t FliLjLans tirundiftjceaj^ Keoi ucky blue^ tu^ ^ Pc:a pr^ii en'osi Idll blue
lettuce ^ Llk4 U4.a bjen n Ls? CanaJd 4 liu^le ICiCtiLim dPFeuse)^ and bill ersweet I ^itiuum d u Icuuumi T he t^x) tiiler
sp:4.]es Jie esfiecLdL> coEnrnou oa I he hetiver dams. Tlie pievdienee uf exc4 es, espre laLly tn 4 lie d ner liabilJls
RUffcdssune [ttd diHl u rh^nce sucli as ^ E;i7in£
Tke LipLaads !■ the vie inri^ of the wa Laad arrnaua^ed ftif t imber pmlEielKia aod have cincit It^sgiig ^vitiviy.
Ihfokii ^tiqm Weid s
ThE sic ircds tt) [i4n'e a flnru^ K. tnyeriut^' pcifotvKd tnlliespnnf i^ hea kidiey- k^jveJ violet es ULxmiing. T he
site dbt^^ nee^K ^mic research jjiIo lis land us: hNiny
Mlf ^GEklENTMLE[>&
AairiegiEded weed uunagement ptui e^ teemed to devekifmoiThL: ^ ry e^ les for cuoi ruLI lug ur reductn^ 4 [le trnpwtof
eiiH Lcs on 4 [le oaiive [iLiri coEnrnuujI es d IhesEe
ElT^I r^TOrt I P:F>^l > b>(iH^I-TE(J^
Pjlc.l mv'l\| u _-j_ uiii .m jnv nv.^
G4
ST
Picea sri-'K siL h Nil* Lii>eriLLLiiih JoreS
G2
s:
CareK nwJriLi hcrlxte^Jus^eDMLlK^n
G5
S5
AnExrfisrfoloniJen hertKt e^^us ^ i^setLl ion
G5
SE
£alix d tiihniond iLinLiVlare;^ ulntulLica shniblaHl
G5
S5
Pewits luLuiaiden s^p
tnchticaqi^ynpkincafpai allns far
Gi
S4
154
45 Lake House Meadow
Location
Kiel's E3S
LfilLf HDiLSf N^mduw l^ ^ c] vicr iif [ h rfc kwg^ hinow d i^pic^Hhu^nal ^"d LjhIs in a k:n^ kIlcC ^Lic iLxcd Ln^u^ h scd hDg
inltic Rnck> Miivriaji T fL^ncti Thi^K arc iio jj^ci^nL ^u cfLiiLL' ^iicr iriLcl^ li> LIil' dL'prc^3>Kiv>. buc 4 [ici? L'>a^urfKt
"^^■^ronlkJ d lijgh "^"ai i:r Ttic woli^r "^^u n.i: for I hL' wet bnd isimid Jik^zJy domjulL'id h}' £[ii«ftd^iicr andAif
prL'CLpilJlJoi]. Tlii: p^ biik4> arc dominai c^l h}"^lL'[Ldcr s[:dgt LC^^^h; L^kkx jcpu) jtil'^ilJok's in [ he ctnLral jioUki* oF tkc
dcpfc^Lon Th L'> coinnu n Lty Lt 4 > [iLC4iJI> '>uTRi«Hlcd b^'ab^iod of th.'^ikcd si^dgi: lClih:^ ricKiiiiijjoruwicdbcdgc
(Carr;^ LI hciridi:?i) conETiu n il y. wliiL h foruLS a lagg or " rmxii ' la "Ji^hi ly dcL'f>[:r wjIlt Llitm Llii: nkndtr scd^t
cimniu n iLy. TliL' diN:]>.T fxx)L'> Lir.' dL^ininai cd b}' a "^^cr bi>ra:taiL lEq u L'MHnin Flu v ui lIl'j cimaiu n il y^ whic h bjsdEnDckv,
'^Ai bmcorn. A sffncc^fJL'ld [lorMHL^LU Picfa spTEq u l-^ u m eliv'cksi:^ cornmii] J > ncciPi a^ a nano^ . d lk^i*! in uous
FnigL' JiDLiEid out iif 4 [ic dcpfcsiions. T he u pl^od^ dmu nd I hL' see tire d sffncc/bci^ Lilv (Piccu np ^iLntoi]]^
UD iflora? foR!4
Ttie h yxj EDiagy Old EcoffiDi|][Lok:^y uf 4 [le sil e dnve I [le f^lem iiT [iLiri cuEnrnnn il is> d I hci ^"el LielJ Nq cvkj encc of
ein^nl or|^ bcovcraJ ivty ^"a^ observed duTing [ he siLe v CiiL
Nu lare pJunL'f or euffiETiu n Llje^ JK kno^ a fcun Lhci iiMc.
Otiee Vm1]i5
Co 1 D ITIQN
Ttie on ly pfolxjbLe bnd u»: c>xi] inn^ li 4 [lls sile is h u nUig Reed caAiir>£[u:^ ^ PhaLiTLS aiu nd i nt£eai d well
cdahlEiheJ tin^iid 4 h^ l~crip}ier> ol I he wet kinds jnd th b.'^ ijijiji^ to in^^LiJe 4 ks: doni iiiLini eenLrjl sJender sedgt
euffiETiunily in4k^ kirge^ aie^c:n> T kisin^^thi^ ^ ^ ^J^^ piises li LLazjI to 4 ke h^dLiod l^ J could eveoJualL^ [kwii^c
tke sltnder »edge 4.oininLinLly dnd ddplai^e Lht utivesL^dge
TJpLhMna
Tbc Li pki feds tire nan L^ed fiir 1 1 mher pruJ liU hi*
Tke h>'drafci£> trflkci wet lL3LwfL3Lwfnifccraiiearty needs ^t
mk of s ruLiEidwder OS a "^^eriXHict ftu"! ke wetliiods.
J> lo brtter andcrtLJLid giou nd^A^cr flo^A jxii^ and t he
Mt^ MJ l-H TNT We E L>^
Aa> futn re E imber han'e^ ajt^u nd I kis see needs to en^pli^y l^ 4 reamside aiaiuigenicri /one buffer^ Jl niinimnn [i
addi ica . tlie reed eLJQajy^ ra^ needs to he nonilored to detemine hc:n^ qnickly lI's ^reiid in^
Eli]i c^tOccl rii^ ct Imu a>i ^rE(j\
Pkoi \^c<\ ncKl nm jPrensc forerf
G4
SI
PliLikiTis anftdina£^Li heifucecnjs >?selLic ion
G5
S5
Cjre^ bsmcaiTU hedztuceons veeelLC Km
G5
S5
Cjre^ mnti hcdxiiLeous i eiiclJ urn
G5
S5
E(j nesa u [n flivEii lie herhxeous veDclai un
G5
S."^
Curex 4itl]eEiides keTtuLeous ve£e44itKi*
G5
S5
155
46 Mcwemegar Sough
|j]c \ I K>^
TtiL^sUt islnc^cd lalht FlLichc4id Vj|]i:ysc^-L'[ul niiJcsL^ijEHiif KliLi'>j>.'LI N^>i]l4iDEL NCn~E Tli l'> l^i a [inv^ t wflLind ukd
luodowitr jx^mL^Hi* l^ ncnJcd co 4iccc^ 4 [ll^ sec
Rki'sess
McWeiH^tir Ski«gh i'>ai]o\lxiw bk<: of Llit uxuKdcm Ftii hnid River TtLc^lmigl] ls L'uLn^ph ic-'mc^l R^ptiLC ukd rich \n
Bq^Kptml diVL'Escy T here is opci "^Ucr la LIil' orricr jnd 4 ht ntLrgji]'> ljil' dnmin^ c^l b}"^"^ lt lii^r^'ttiiL
( E4|iet[:4 in f1i]viii]k ? ht]id4ern biiLniithLScirpLisLirriLisj^cdctiiLrryphti iLic ifolij^ and W4ii:rl]l> L NLip[L4ir np )
S]Kci»> of pond'^ccd 4 PiUajmigdm] sp ? 4kmLndc arc4is 1x4 whi Llii: npen WLier4iDd auar^ ill's ]■ T-ja SsfccLcscd"
pcndwecd jreriojnd lalheslc^u^h vykick L'lai u ausuulLy hi^ti Itvcl of puwlwtcd dL¥CEJ>
Ke\ ENVIKONhCFNT^I FlETOXE
A nninbtr nf nare pLiDL spec les iioTir J [hL'>'fili: incLud ing ColuintrGi W4ittnKuU WoLITei colinbuoAJJ. and [i>£[ny
Hdsliiy (NympLhCJ 4ctr^aaa> R]vtrc)14cr isi: of [ hc'>jlc h^ts bctn utihrrh'cd inltic [^td
Otiei Values
COHEHTlOn
Dariig I^JsUt vise b}' LcsicBund McALlHcr pu mp [tuu^ES and one ic^stdcncc "^ci? obn^FVfd udjuctnL 4o I ht
"^longl] , Llie encri of imgLicioi] we hd ra^iibi drenl Ijicin^n Some sill dcpuhc^ were aisii ob».'rL ed ]■ Llie hIi^u^Ii. a^
"^"as »:)rne I id^il > Ji Sbj^ SLou^ h dnd 4 he ru^n KeiiH end iif McWeiie^tir Ski«gh^ tm o^'eulJ "^"^y er cLinl > necincd
£a:d ^Vdler "^kieb iiav e tEca lUkJig Llie skiLi^li :^ftLC ti Ic^fi I [ic air1> l^i^s. Nd c\d l£ pLdois wtre abbCTVcd inciic
slon^l] EscLf
SnnuLiEid inf tii]d'>ajc pnmunLy ised for j^ fkiH urr jnd griFio^ There Lsone residence
Sl4ite R(£kf 35 TiJ n*^ dlons [ he "^njlh "^ide of4 lie site
le^L [o 4 [le sLou " h and
I ■fonna ion oa I he ct]is[: of Llie '>jk JefXi^il ua ]iiD N^cWen ncgdr SLouf h d needed Th^vz l'> abuu need Lo k^ru I he
"^^ er sr«ice r^4 [le sLou^ h 4ind ^^ liet her a^TicLilIni^il jxdlri ion da^TedLnf I he slouch
Ma f a g eh ent Ne e ds
Reercii iLi[i4i] u v of I he sloug h cuuid behavjig longcenn i mpiicls on [ he aL[ulic filai
a jnuaa^enieru pljnlhai includes ]imilsLosu4.1] uk should be ciiftstdeicd
co[nrnnn]l Ks d lhesEC.4ind
Kmi I ^TOrt \. RRi^rTlHraiM ^Tn^f
SlJleLh^uhnionlree
Z
Z
SLieLh^uhnionlicc
Z
Z
LleiH.hLiru>ic^eLltla
G5
s:
^Viilff iLi loLu mhuna
G5
s:
l^G
47 PDirdDJFtocks
Loc \ I K^^
Tbi^ sUt nccm J u^ off U.S. ^ J ^Ixml S nilc^ iH>itl] of OLncy^ NkioluiLL
Kiel's E3&
Tbi^ txltnsivt w]]kiw bctLon nccuiy on LIil' dL'cp ulLuvuL sill'> ol LIie^ flixidpijii] iif [ h? u ppcr Si iLl^vUcr R Lvcr. Tlic
Fkxxj pLiia njigcs fn^m L^X)- WDm ^ idL'. and [ he "^ ilkvA' IxcLL^jn L'>atToi]l jkm Lon^ Ttic nv<:r 4 [iciivgh [}i ■"> nxi::]] Lsk^w
fRidiL'nc '<]i«iiv>.4ind fmKy L'nLnzKhcJ Ni> bcLiv^iH or bc4i^'cr aLLjviy ^i^ ohtL^F^zd hnl only j^ni^dl [HHlKmid"
LliL' wi]k>w Ixctom ^viis in'tfK'clcd. A Dru mimiwl^ wilkiwVbLucfinnL crcdgr^Hfi 4 SjIj\ d ninirncmdunti^tiijaMEigni^is
cdntidni'^is} (.oinnLiaay doETiiiiLiccs LliL' Hilc. Elmiairmiiid's ^ ilkm tiftd R:d-c:«iLT do^'^'uxJ LCnm u^ si^ncc jj ^htin: druniomiirc
of Lilt Hkru b Liyi^r. whicl] 4|1m> htis Bi:bb\ wiLIrn^ ISaJi;^ brbbi^iftii^ BcxiJ h'^ wilkiw ( Stili^ bixHtiLO blLiiLk haMhomc
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tliEi liL^vc^hafcd [ h? pboicominiiEydlchL'^^LlL'
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tii|iifer kial Lon*^ InL^JdiLJiia fu n her » udy iif [ he hndus: LiLdiiiy d leedDd for I hci see Lo nndeiAund \^y
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Kiel's E3&
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mrvsfz inunddol f:tifl'> of I hL' nmsh jr: (^cn'L'nzd by t] conipk'^ JOdlTix of J Jiffcn^ru pfeiJil cimaiunilK^K bc4ikaJ nod^c
(Ctur;^ m ncu Iti^t c^ml LT> [iha Li I foLiJJ^ 4ind biir^Hcn hi]Jn]'>l] ^ £ciqn]'> tiL uLi]'>> Aqudu. pluoi 'tfKCK'> IjI:l'
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C LN nc u I^CEL V LiL^tinst duckweed L Lcnoa ninorj jnd livcTwod^ L f^iccuj "q? j (X4. u r inulL ^ umnu n it jcs. T hen: jre d
fewscdcciud puchcN of GL'bb^, Dnnmond's. jnd □l'>ci''> "^ lI lowy ocLir Ash !■:> CiL^ck^lm na cnongli co iL'^ly fom
"^ Llk>w (^oinnu iiy per HC Snich [^kc pn^fErsvpfHifls lj hr^e woli^r IjI> L NipLir np ) n^mmu n iI y. jnd ni^ likcl> Htmt
aher^iLiiJccorniniiEic^. bi>wevcr LIil'^'^ci? na v l^ i^d. ^lL cor:'> LL^kcn in Ike [n.\l c^uiLiry^rtHfi dnd ^.tictiiL
conaiu n il ils [eyc4i]cd Jeep (> I m) iifg jaic horuufts pfolubLy miukjig fnun Llii: L^bu od^Liil primjcy pruj 114:1 iv ly iifl en
tiHKX^iiied Vrilk mjr^ke4> ( Nf LlHck Ljod Gcit-TtcLink L^^ J^ 4is w el] lis Liru-'ciititL Londjl lon*^ indiLLlal b> Ihek^'drogen
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Kf^ E^^ HONIEENT^I FlCTOK?!
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limI Snill] E-4ike Lire hm h d riviiig Edc1oc>Ll]Lic bJv'e slipped cliis sil e dnd conl laue co greJ ly iiflneEU-e i !■
luMekh] erestLia f[im I he iptuids hLis been sk:n^ Ly filling in Ihe vdlJey rrukingcke nuEshes sh^kiwer cn'er Unc
T kis sjLe dix's ftiH snpp^^iny koowi rik pboi oceineKcs. bul J dncsconlJinsi^vecul kirge. (.omnim mjisk
cimniunilies jfttludji^ hLiidslem buLrusk.LLilJil.dnd heuked si^dge comrnuiiJl les. The^' e^ceosive m jrsk coEnrnni] J les
kmn Li rnci«i:^ic ^od pjovidegixh] ^jkJLiJ^ hLibcJ
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Lik^n^ Ashk'> Creeks Lind Jiring pi^Lik Hii^'s of Lke c crck J ke "^d tuid cenfucurily »ores su cfLiiLe WLicer 4ifid ^leiiiiLics
pcdk nivA's. Tkis w^ er giLid«ii]ly d r^uKS I [im I ke Hcc LJftd mm nlLiin'^ h r: jailkin^ Lier in [ he "^u miner Tke aiLunk and
Ijke pciitublv a}»j I Li[u.1iLia lu rtidin [^uIjl u iLices Lind lenxive and sa|ie^er impml ed elenieris jnd ^.omjx^nds such lis
phci^phonjs jnd lERigenconipiivftds. BecLiisech^: u pbods ]■ Lke wJeiyked }mv<: hi^en laipuLLed h}' cixid tnikl inland
Umber kjrL-e^ . 4 hesc Liter fu ncl Lon:£ cou Id be LneiKbiog kcyond I km Linral noige of v^ina ion ( ]^ dueco
iBcre^thed sedinznl Inuds ]■ Lke creeki.
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FiskiEL^and waeifcin^ L hiri lo^ L^re prokubly [v-xu^4 he pnnaiy ises of Smi h Lake Ther^aie mnH iple lkcc»> pcints
Fbf ku oieis aking Lke nxLJS h LiHlLkereciL^eJe^vk^ped llshing access Pjn'^iif eke miiEsh supjx^ ing recJ
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veiy suecefisfn] Li dnjiriLn^ Ikesile.andLkey pioboMy doni pnse lk gie^y li Lkirol co 4 ke ske li^ 4 ke reeJ
cdnan'giLiHS decs Akkongk a cwo-Line nxid eio:?tes 4 ke aiLiisk aiul AskLey Creek J [ he soni hwe4 end Jl piobtjUy
dcx^sA^ pfCTri^nl LkLic gre^y ol L^kydiologjc turnermneelhe^.KekconnecLseimEnuniliesoaly^h'^idesiif [he rojd.
Tke "^d kind eomnLinkjes 4 keins[:]veN 4ki*^ conLLJLn nany e:^n4 ks^ w J k I he e^eej^ k7i of leed 4. joaiy^ r^tss Tkis ccxov
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limI nuLnenl kuding Ln ^^hle}' C R:ek is li eon4.en ^H kouf k I hen: e^ n^x j Jiveisil y of pLinL Lomnnnn les in I he
Smih Lake ^ Jlerfow I Fiulndun Ar^a L he skeer sue uf [ h ls w elLind nakei vaLnabLe ncc4ni> ah wjkJLife habcLi
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Squeezer Mcudcin^Ti IS J ix^lcd inltie S^im VulLey of non h'^d N^rmldnt]. la I he £q uct7i:r Ccrek d rLUhi^c
Kiel's E3&
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tiqutic cornmiiiy Ttic [CTiindLTol I hi: scdg? mci^iv^'s ls doaiiiLiiL'^J by oaL' or etiok uursi: salgt cornmiiJl lcs ]ikt
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■rcc idi^oitilLS) L^od kidgL']y)li:|Tiai:CPLnus4.onLi>ilJj^ w}ijkEthpi:n4Piif«lLisln:mnk>id[:s^ blsLk (^nJloa^txid ( Popn Ins
bub^uTiLfi^rLi s^p LnctLOCLAcp^)^ » rcioinb^iil: "^ Llk>i^' C ^Jiis inc^ou^ Bchb^ wjIIjw C S jLix hzhbijntij L^nd jIdLT- Ic^vliH
bucb [Lcn C R htiMiau^ uLn ifoluj arc comnxn on Ltie edge of I [le wctlunds.
Key Bj "^ Eto n w ewt^l Fictqi:?!
HydiDlagy dnv^ the dnctlic tud cunpLZiitiu* ol Llic wa Laod cummnn J les d Lhcia^'JCK
RhEIT^
One [ur: pLoU . [kxJ^cu^ C ^liL'uchy^nj pLiln4 rist nceiis oa lj ficxi ing ntl ]■ one oF Llii: di:prL"?>UKS. Thci
circu mlx^KjL sfECLCs nccniy in b^ h pix^rand ticL fcKS (C htiJd d d al L^^j in M^^nitihi The mnds»lgL'4.omniiity
Vrh^ir fxid^ rjss c:cc u IMS tib:) rioMi MonUnLJ
Qti>e Vm I ]j;
A iviJLo^ of Htme kind wxi iitihCTFed Lncwcofche mmdows. Bni^nsc 4 hoiC nxxlah^'s tirr itbcut 2 ciiLes fconan DfKi
nud . K^ likeJy LliLic 4 [ley and [ he "^TRivHlin^ npijnd'f pfovidc good habcd for fune w]kJ Life
Co M n ]7X] M
Nolinnun tindnscs iif [ he i^d LjhIs i^ere ev ideil during n> sjlevL^d G^neiaLly , I he neadoh^'s i^eir draninalcd by
nd Lve "ipxjcs wi h »i> e\iK lcs. ThL" inly L'-u-L^pKin ls [ he (:c4. u rrL^ncL" iif reed C4intirygnHi Ji Lwtuif [ he mL^m^^^One
mcadcn^ hjs j u< a [ ure of rccd l:^llJ^>^^J-^ 1^ h lie 4 he a her nie4idc:n^ liLi^he^ivy r^ed caAiir>^n« ccn'ccu^c under a
fnige erf akler^ nciar [ [ic mc^mv'sedge T h I't inv^isive £qi^ [k:»s> ti I lirrjl co 4 tie mokfcn^'s where lI ixenc> because
il ejn sffi^ £Lid fLHm defesc moncicik u res whEl] ^ire d ifl irik U> eoni Ril L Apfelluu nund £avvi I1^S7|.
Upi h "s n b
Loi^in^ hiKoeenrred up 4o I he edge nf a few of the deprewtiDB^^ wtf h nair lof^tn^ dnd iriwf bnjkj in^ in I he
"^urronndjig uplands
iHFPua ntiomNeeps
K-lore in FunnJ Kw on 4 [le W4ier vmiee for I he [kx [loLcs is ne^zded
M 1 f ^ G EH EMT We e as
An> fu£ u r: [ iKibLT liarL-e^ ajou nd 4 [le (TepiczHiLons stupid empk>}"4 redmstJe mahi^cneri /^mebnFfers. Nfiifliorin^ itf
Llie leed ctiftiiT>^us popnLJ LonK El needed 4o deteimine lI Llie grKi is spieiid]ng , and hi>w fL£l.
ElemfwtOtcl p: ■ t^ r t T^ to rh ^TPO^f
Cait^ ^L-n :i .11 |X 1 IJ |tl.^ Jl^II-x '. Ojj i:L.-C KM!
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Cair^ VL^ic^LriLi hi:rtu:cm]'> vcgflLi icm
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Tbi^sitEMSd I hL' [ll:^ wj1l'c> nf Wd Fori La/> Crc^k mchc S4 LllwLJCcr V4i]kv in uiitli^'CHcrn Nft^Qiuftj
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Locdcd ]i] [lie Rue ky MuLiruma T r^nch . [ hcsi: [ h r^i: fcKS fum I hi: hci^ WLiiL'c> ol Wed ForkLa/> CfL'ck T1]i:>'r: fonncd
in gttuL piK lu^Lcs ^ il fc sjmL" L"v idcKC of i>Jd bcavi^r ticLjviy T lie T^-^Ji lt h^^jtl" for I Iil" fL^ns & jtxh litcJy
f ni«ftdwLiCLT tm ilson^ii] Ls LiKlcur. T he brgL"4 Lii LS4kmLnt1cd b> j skndLT "^rJ^L' ^ Cai^i ItSiLcx'dr^?
conaiu n il y^ wl] ich Lid jpcd dL'pili of 5{>Lin where j hojI cocl' wl£i lulj-^a A bc4ikc^ n^f c (€t]rc\ nl ncu iLictii Ljgg or
' aici^l " Hvmiu ndM hi: foTTHLT cimaiu n il y ^ruLiod I hL' iivlcr L'd^c ol Ihi^fL^n Ji LIil' diuwdown ;aU]i: is ti bluL^joinl
rL'i.'d^ rjc^ C CaJjniLi^ did Ls 4.L^n^L'ruiL'>? cornmii J > . wh^h i n spixs [u^ hi^L^n rrpLKcJ by j rL'dcop 4 A^ rui l'> ^oloi]]fL'[;i3
cimaiu n il y. pi^rLi]^ £t^ Li re^i]]| oTmivk [^l4 didurtunci: Onc^mjLI pLcL la I hL' fen Iilsi j WLicr [locmH jlU Eqnisd in
riiiv l:1 Lkj cimETiu n il y inltic Ennd fLi'> ^u mnjndjig LIil' jxio] Wh]li: [ h l^ f[^n 4kiL"^'l h^vL^an in la il dos> htivi: 4iD
oucid f[un whicti wJcrf]iVA">dowaLo[hiz».'CL^d fi:n ThL'>p:xholL'isdL»rni[LJL'd h}' bcdkcd'^^ct^omnLinLly Lind Iilch
"vJI tKd akJcr^ A li]i]'> ^p i gn^w ing ajou nd I hL' amrgjn'K TIilM hinl I l^h d(^'>i]'4 }il^v<:^li iJiJclorouclcl ^d r.
dorn]ftiiL'd pnmjnLy b}' t] bcilLL'd HJ-iH^ccimniunily.jhbiivghLliL'rL'dr^^niLiLI [U^.hcs'MLl] [ll^ h 4.o>vr of Sjrt w<:JI^
Ecdgt ICuici ^aflwi:LI]iJ tud "f li^odcrscdg? Mos^ comply L'Ly cm'i:c> tliL' giou nd Livi^r^ dnd d kjlI coic reveled ei
pcdl dc]1 h of ] ^lO: ni Tli^ u pbnd^ Ji LIil' ^mi utl' grjkd rLr^lx4id]]l> L Abi^s ^imulis^liruon l^ i]i]]fk>iij> fiifCH
fxxliL^lcs w Lll] ^miL' L'MdcftLC ol K^ bcj¥cr^t]VE> Tl][^ wucr Mjunrc L'laiud LiL:Ly giunndwUcr buL usorjgiais
unckuT UfiLoMl L'> abjDN ^rjnd L^ brioiEi u n I RorLi fofCH
Key ^VHONtEENT^I F^CTOKS
Ttic f amjq^okigy^ h^'diokigy^ jnd pj>J bKMV'cr aa ivjl > Imvc inLL^cuacJ Lo h nuH irc I hi: ptiJil cunEnu n il k!s in 4
fens.
TtiLS sUl' liai u pcfH lit Kni of adder's Lou gut. a rarr [itiii ]■ Montuoo. It occu c cm u EEmil. iDosy jdchhI^ wiuch w^
pi^bly ti rnimild or bmvtr kxigt 4it one [ imt.
Otiei Values
Cd\D]7X]N
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tm'tQszi i^LiH ctiftiir>^ rj^^ C Ph^djny 4mind LntiLcaMre ^P^L]I> didntmcd in [he pdelics iif rcdLop 4 h J cccnrin
Llicmji^Ln^ iif [ he lj[gL"4 fL^n in I hi: Mu^zjiiiqi r«:dgi;iHS conimnnjl y ThL"^: l^ux ics hLivc "^igiijficLinl Ly Ji:^niJi^H I Lb
cimETiu n II y.
E\£CKSJ^vLjnbi^rhjrrs:4 hLts cct-iirr^d inltic npLikds "^TRivHlinf Ihci^k? ^X lu^uf li li huffi:r id" incut [ rm ^v^e
kS LiTL^und [ h? "^d LiMls E bnui t^k^^'^h^ E^ffKt LliE^kiggin^'^LlJ hLiVEMmtliL'liydiokiigy ofchcMc.
H y^d nigL^jk^ ic rf ud > is needed for Lliis general jcra to ddL"niiiiiLMhL"wilers:jurTC fortius und cihcr iL^iiity
i^d Lii]d'>. A 4 [iO[ii«gh Rorvljc invLiikHy conducTcJ cdKy in I hL' s«nnicr Ls jLho ni:L'di:J
K4 1 "S ^ G EkI EhT Mll[>s
El iw entOccl rii^ rr ]\ra au ^tk^
PjLca *.fi''nj u isil u nun sZiiSL" Tm^
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Ij^ui^tum fli^LUilc hcdxiCL'ciQ^ vc^d^Knn
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Vun LdilLf IS Inc^ cd inlhL'S'^'ai VaJky of ood [lwl"4 MonUnu^db^^uL [5 miLcs houI h ol LliLMiv^'n of SwL^n Ltikc.
Reci^ess
Veu] Ld^ is ti glLf eiJI> Fomcd pLcliok' IjL: fed byjn iQicnniL^oi IrcioMi. bui wjlh no surftKL' ^Ucriivl Lc4 li
pn^4.'n[ WLiCLT Lc^ els. ThL' s«nou nd liig upiLnd fnfL^?! LS4kmLndcd b> i^xzhcih crd D:4ljrybc4id ljl> LTtiLijt]
pljc^i^L/C Li Jik^ij ■■ifh^u^LJid Hffuc'L'/lh.'^HllLly CPLCL"Jsp-'U]iruoniL^iJiijniirjjuinriiunilK!s. AltiLn frin^^ol {^\L'hcf
bcjk«J hjxJ]^c (Ctirc;^ III ncu ltiu> cnrniniiaiy iH ^L^ftdLT hj^H^c ( Ctifi:;^ liKiccjquj ainaiu n il y (^ picliL's jroLioJ
Llic L'^J^^: of Vm UiIll' TtLChc si^usliiu JL> flncdL'^J ^LilkvA' ai^ifsli 4.oinnLiaLl]cs hcH [i Iil^vc a l4urly Lai^i: CusLck's SL'd^c
(Ctir?;^ cuMckiL) cxmifx^ncru Tticiu is aisj l^ Lir^c ^kndcrscd^c mc^iikvA' in iivlHtiaJiEi^ cond lIki* LIili bjs d<:^ L'LoprJ
tifonnd 4 [k: inLL^miLI l'hL in let 4. r^L'k TtLcofEU wJ lt o^ Vtm Ltikc LS4kmLnt1cd b> \i\\ i^xItasLyc jL^al lk[u^ k. Ixd
coffiETiu n il y^ wjl [i CbjiLi sp [ he dorn]KiiDL cypc ol LiL^tu^. T hen: jre [kzl^v > mjK or c^ lum C4iTbLi[i£ii e depL^iIs oa Lhe
Ijkc txxLom ChmiJ'^p "^^^Lic^ciy ctik]in csiitoiiLic^ 4ii]d iwer I lEne iLir^e dcpnsjis ljplx u rni^ b^lloin l£i rht
til^aL'dje T here Lire jIvj bK^ds ol hj^td le^L^e^J jxMHl^'ecd ( E^xtiaKJ^elon ^l:cLl»s^ £ljhI [>alsol Li r^c- leaver) jmndwecd
( PciL^aici^r^oa L^aipJjr^iusj^ wLjl h ixc'Liis m d eL'tK J wacr. T he pH uf 4 [u; "^^ er II Van Lal:iMs73
Kit _B(j EtO N H EMT^ L Fl C TOKS
Tbc hydnk]^ of Lbc bis dike k^ mviion rneflful i^tor
ALHiongl] E here Lire fti> me pl^oi ixeinekLcs Lie VLjnL^ike I here ls a veiy small nceinence of l] spTuee/ied-ns]er
dci^'^xxxj L FiLC^ s[i /CcFiBS seFKfa) eornmiiiy la rme coEier of 4 [le Liie Th ls foft^ned we4 LjhI cimEnu aily L^iftLomnaa
in Nfon4£Li]Li
Otiie Vmi>j;
Ciayf mk ^eie obKer^'cd la the^^teo^iiveCbiirahp bols. € ham "^ vrvH tmjinitmf fu net ton^ in aq usi ^
eoffiETiu n il jes. JL eLja lie qnjle LrnpoilLJEiE la mjiiildii]]!]^ wJ er q ualiLv aid keeping woler b<:d les f n^En trecimhri^
eriropliiL Tcx^plLintion isf C htin sp. trcd*^ 4is co^'er. dnd 4 Key feed on pfc^loplaibon fRm I hb cover IhisredncLng
Llie ^Uer body's LiLfal conEeEU jnd laiprox in^ WLiccr 4.ijE¥y 4 ^lieffer li^j
CD\n]TX]N
Ai irfOrL^nL HskiEL^ IS tlie injji^ isr of E h Ls lake. T here b LJ liLle be iif 4 E;is}i ori I lie IjIl^^ ljhI Lliere hjs
been sone d l4 irbuaee li> t lie Liquai i: b:xl cimniu aily where p::opJe|Tii4 1 heir bixis En 4 tie wJer There e^jsai^ilt
L]nou Ei£ of CuftjdL] Lliid Le iCjruin LifL-en*? h En 4 [le sLeKJ er ned^e cimaiiJii il y^ b«l Lie 4 [lls pjiEU E4kvsru'4 puhf d
LlireLic 4o IheeornmiiEy iriegTily.
Ttieie air u ■■nb:r nf dcipzr^'d caniphUes ljeuvhI Van Lal^LMhii^d he4n'y us:: d u fiel^ I he suaimer GLirlx^eaMl humua
"^"ad e d LSfxiKil Lire recirn n^ pfi^hlenLS Ljnd I here £Lfe ncveriL iji^e of>::ijag^ ji Llie Jif^iridn vegetLl Eon 4 h:y h^ve
Elcvelop.'d CHE he kikeshife J nmi reciUJlKiul us::. Tliew Llinrdls aiu na veiy tif^eLl jMi:s::nUb«l sjKcLhEiljke
dcKS liLive a Eiud 4o Jl Lind js reLic^^nably LEceKtibLc^ ine eLjn be ei^jx'cl ed 4o jh. reL£c ]n 4idd]l Eon . e here is leeeH
timber Imn'cd neurt]> ^ aJl [lou^lmibdanl cd bu rfe& weir 3efi aiovkd Llie Lil^f
Klon ilonng of reciT^ KHiLiL iriifxcLs ou liilLestioEi' ve^el J Km is needed . £ts Ls a ^ndy Eo M^ bke's
hydrobf^ Liud deterniEne whalLliepnmjry j^ihSdiie fuf WLiier eo kL^ve Llie Like
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Srvmz W4ier btJiH aie needed ruiEhe budl> eEiidiu^ ni^id leadjig dc:n^ u li> Llie LilLestioEr 4d ledvce Llie Ljuicm nL of "^ Enieni
dumpiig Ent^Ehe l^ke.
Eliu entOccl til's CI ]\ra au \TUi:\
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tud l^odowii^r [xmL-^m] l^ ifixJcd co 4ic4.i:^ 4 [lls sec
Kiel's ESS
Wolf Cicf k £ buf h El div tiK nn^y oF CEncrgtnl aqutic tind focr^L'd wetland cx^m miiJl lcs kictlcd ^m I hi: nixidptiji
orLl]i:Sw4iD Rivlt Tin: tui'kwLiccr slongli and okl i>:^lx>^ ^ Lliis Ml l' hvi Jiv ltq: n>vniL' ntirQi {.CMnniiiE ics ukdLlic
cri rjncL' 4o I ht stiu^tiJELd Ihi^nvLTbcd lijvc "^clI-di^yckifEd aquljc irfeuil cimniu n il k!s. On 4 [ic h if h« Menace ai
Llicsjic L^ 4i (.i^loa^txiJ dorn]ftiiL'<J forc^ Tliis foru^ ^ wliic h rL'prc^nls 4 [ic bLic k 4.aiii*wncd^tKiwtTcrR' C Pc^pu lus
butunifi^Ri ss[i [ ricbiictif]^Synp[LurKUF|His uLbuK) pLint u^ffitic iLic K^ Iilsi th.'ci ijnpjcial b> grj^ ing. TIil' m L'clury l^i
donuftiicd h}' bLick4.aiii*wc>:id jnd ]xiftdL'nv^pLni:(FjiisfX)ndcrc«i:^)^as]>:riLPiifHluslr:riiuk^[:s^aMlspriJLL'LPiccL
"tp h aisi> CKCur hi^rc. TlicJi^hi iKljit whKli s[:pL^rai cs 4 [ic knu^cd Li^rrjLL' fiuai [ [ic auorsk cimEnu n il y hasLliKL'
cLiraacnd Lc 'f]KC]fv sncL'/^^'ccd C HcLciiLirn JuLiJinftjIi^J^ grccii s»lgD ICurcx OHltriJ^ jnd pfc^'SiHcgEi ^ Phy^id ff u
pun'iflomi [ h Ls cimaiu n il y ls [cnpjrjnLy HixxIl'^I jnd influ^^nc^zd b> graving lix> ThL' pjn*^ iif [ hc^k^gli wihouL
ycdr-n^u nd sudbcc ^vUcrcon nn:1 Hifts li> LliL' Sh^ jn R L>vr arc domiruy l'iI t>}' lj sk^nd^zr s^dgL' lCl^cl^k tihK^L^rju) niL'^xkiw
\xi\Lg invLiHcJ by iL'cd (: jnan'giLtHS L PliLjLins anji]d]ftjci:ijj. Tlii: ic:h iif 4 he "^Imjgl] Lsdunindcd b> th.'ukcd si^dgi:
(Cair^ urncu iLitiKcunnu nily la HkL^lki^iT arots aftd by bjrd^cn hulrusli ^ Ecirpns tx uLus> 4iiid Lomnm spjkimjsh
C Efccchans ptiluH FLSJ co[nrnuiiJ( Lcs iJi dcL'fKf JTSK T h is ls an 4:sj>x'eUI> djvcrsc (xa. u m^ncL" iif [ he b^iikcd "fl-^ji^:
aiffiETiu n il y^ w J [i tHKX^Eii ixl sfKCKS bciEL^ coairmi* spikcnsk^ 4i njsl] sf>:4. iL'N I Ji] icDd
C4int]iygiL£^s>. s[:L£iidc anrin^^cu:^ CTTigkx h in ai:inl lain rn> "^"^y lt pLinL Jin 4 A lism^L pLin4agci-ti[LLJ k jj ^ucr [uj^n ip
(£ lum sutii'L'^ f rj:?T- leaved ]x>ndw«:d ^ P^xtmici^doa giamLocisi snull bu n^ ecJ ( Sjxjcg jn lum mjiinum^andc^nzeping
bu[LeH.upCK4inuncLiLu'^fljrnniiti? T [ic cu: b<:n^ . whK.1] LSdlxmL Klkifn^mche river ls su ppon't dn lafLy ed sedge
(Care;^ vesieaiuj uinaiu n il y. Tliere El jL^) 4i [enfurinLy nixHled cornniiiiy 4 hai c:c4. u rs rm a cemjce bckv^ Lhc
nfuimn foR!4 in one aj?j 4 hai isdomjuled hy a s»lge I piubuhly misideri ifial as Gni^hju m's "^rdge [Cajcx
bu^ boinii ]j uftd Lijfced l]tiir^r^»^4l>r^l]Liaif:Kki4.espL£c:K^j. lhise(mirniiJl> Iilei few ciiH lcs lihI supp^ns d
"^ell-deyckifEd [UfiLiLJLoniif [ufled hajigi^iHS. rjftjIJy.ltie^nLiciee^mirnijnJy ]n [ he "^ivgh eri unee Ei corn]X]hed uf
"^^erliLy INufiblusp ^ W4iter horK^Jdil ( Equ l^z u ai flivty iLci gnoHS-kjved [uod weed ^ eeL- grsK fxiwl weed
C PcijnKJfrton /<j*leri"omiisl FenneL-kL^vd [x^nd^^eed l Pii.LnK^gelon ^UeiformEiJ. cornn:p:^n hkxJdi^r^xjrt LUnt^itma
vu Ig jfisj^ mniplenen tnr- reizd ( Sjxdrg^aLiJ ni evkzisu aiy. and CL^n^ sp The pH uf Llie skn^h "^aJ er ivijs 7-Z. a^d [ he
c«dKt]vJ> iviis290iS/e[n
Key BjvmhNtEFNT^i Fictoi:?!
Ttie [L>'d[iiti£> of 4 [le SLie l]L£i dnven 4 [le fiif mjlKin of Llie pLinL 4.L^Kinu niUes ThisdyoaniE kinder nverine "^ em has
eieai ed 4 ke [cnaLcs. oi^lx^w^ jnd tucbik^u^ h tiftd t]IL iif [ he cimaiu n iLks depend ii* Llie jn n ut]l flua u^ K^n*^ iif [ he
nvcr FkxxlLnf jnd deprnil ua of f lies 4. reLces liL^bilLic for cc:tlii*wrxid reenjjl neri ^ [ he kigli wjler [Libk: alk:n^?i
LicpC nfujian fonHs Lo fCPEri C Hjn-^^n et jk ]^^5}
T^ieairnocure p[t]ri eoEnrnnnil ks or "^vces ar tliis ^c.
Wiilf Cief k Slongl] reprr^enl^ d smalt ixeanrKC of Tipuriin enJIoiwixxl RifeTllhEi ]sreliit]vely i\\i\xi\ reLit]ve4ci
neddny eutonwc>rd foiefl I hdt's iKen converted co 4if rKik u riI uic or fcug menLed hy koaie buildji^ The wetland
"^jIL fu ncl Lon'f 4o I emjxnanly ^iifc "^Tfjce woler d u rin^ flrxxls and [ heiris a Ini of mEnric^:^ raphjc ^.ompkx J y
Lliti f u ncl Lon*^ [o reniuve fxiflJcnLies Ljnd dESiipde energy "^ kei oveituak flow ixeiis. Fcuml he di^ nbuc ion of
wcuck in [ he "^h nj bs Ljnd Irees-iy^-Jearchd flecd ing "djIL ixciis, Lliere Jie no kvees^ dnd 4 ke pLiwer geaen in^
dan Ji GjgforiE deosn'l btic k ip "^^ er I hEi far ufH re jai. T he coaaea ion 1x4 ween [he ri>?r and [ he flcxid pi Jin Ei
'^]IL ^ [iiflg^ 4K ei']denced b}' Llie emergeoi vegettiion presi^nl in [ he old oi^bhi^w^ wliic h Ei jbcui lOOmfroailke nver
TkLf welLind f^LLsintoche HG Nf "^l^ki^i bonded jLlnvijI fkx>d[itja L Hjner I99SJ
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douf kEiLO "^ncin^ bi[:rr> . and Bcbb's wjlk:n^ [^\i\ h^httidnLij Tlie jxuideRV^ pine pbniLlLon i^miM presently ^ Ri/ed.
Tkeie ls abt? j pjMniu u^'d forhtiy pruJ ucJ ua I hdl wjs prolubly a ^.i^loah^ixxl cimaiu n il y d oneliaie Ptidure
2 ri^Ttes 4kmLnt1e [ he under^ory in 4 he fx^ndciTKJ pjie pfeinU hi*^ wliicl] Ei j hi^kLy dll ered 4.oninu nily. 1 n 4idd lIki*.
reed canLiry^r^HS dunindes purl ol Llie IxiPLkskju^k. and [ here is some orjnge hawkwced (H leoicLLim amaH e^u m ? ji Llie
165
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( £tilL^ dnunnoftdEiAJ) m [ hc^TU b bycr £lm1 infl^lol »=dg[Mn I hi: [lctIiolcovs ] jycr T h ls puLLic i^ l' pLint
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al U ^^^^ ^ pfc^i-" Lli IS ainniu n il y "^ aliJi [ he DrunnKud's "^ lIJl^ /hoakLiH s^dgL' liLibilLic 4 > pi: fin" n^LUL^evkZiil pu^p::M^sOi]
tlic nther "odt of [ he bcuvcrdam Lsa^halkin^ Likc^ wih WLicrercin^fool L f^L^nnn4.u]is ti[nJ iLis? bu rrced ( S purgLiaiLiin
sp t L^nd I he 4ilgL3[: ClitiTJ sp ^ efdar/lic^idlLly ^TIujjj |TlLC4itLiiiriLntDi]]^ ■■ifkvfijj kjrfd ^cows aiou nd I [ic lake, u
Llieupl^nd^dnd jnmnd Llie jnLd creeks
Tlie h>'d[oti^ of I he sUe. ^crmxiq^oiogy of Llie Hcc^ 4ind beaver jcl lviI y have inicrxl e^Mo si rua u re pLiit
eoffiETiu n il ics ai Llie sjle Tlien: Ei dn otn'ijus Ijkcshoci' well alxn'e Llit woler leveJ oh^^n'ed ol [ he L]n[: of niy site
¥i:£i Tht pencid icLly of [lie wJer kveL flKtuLic ion \suaA laiown
T^'odiffeKri lare nHionwDn^ ocrar ii 4 he cedar fofcft annnnd the IuIlc^ E^hngai Isiiud nootwoit (Ba ryeb inn
ni]igancKse) and ini^uiiaji mnonwcioi IBm rye h inin monUn u m)
Qtbeb Values
Tliuf wetlundeould play a hrge lole in giou nd'^'ai er ice hai^e. aJl Ilou^Il mofe "d wly ls needed Lo eL^flnn 4 [Let Na
cowIkL]vJ> measureETieni'^ were 4£L}Len Lf 4 [ll^ sjLc
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aregn^win^ ]■ old ^IlsiIl pjles on 4 lie Like^lioied Lhe koflli eul ol Llieiiikc They havenl ^pre^id inlo Llie cedjr
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tbc. spring btlnwltie lake
Slieamsidc mana^enieri Tone bu ffcES ^onld IxenpLoyed if 4 iml^er haivcfi occin next to Wonds Lsfcr
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APPENDIX F - Cft Rff BID BEETLE FftUNft A S_S Q_C.IA IE_D _W LE H.
WETLANDS OF THE FLATHEAD RIVER WATERSHED OF NORTHWEST
MONTANA
\6i
CARABID BEETLE FAU\A (Coieopiera, C^imhidi^}
ASSOCIAIEB WITH WETLANDS OF THE FLATHEA|> RIVER
WATERSHED OF NORTHWTST MONTANA
Jp_-
UnLvcr^ity dI ^ WildcnKsa
Cmsenoticai B]ciki^ Coitcr
73Jt^2S^dNE. Seattle, WashinglDn- USA. flSI 15
Fh: |21>6F 523 0580 < Fk (206)5234^14 < Bnail bcrgdahL^ciirniet chvh
ConCrsct ^d. MTHPIffl-Ift
TliE Naiure Consn^anc^ - MiMilafiEL Neural Hffrid^ Pro^Tam
]5]5 East 6tfi Ave-, PO Box 20]SiXi,HcJcna,itr- USA- 59ft2a-tl»0
Pti^1-4i3dF44430l9 * Fm L406J44405SL « Errail: serispn^nris stflie-int gciv
Dofe.
LIMflichJS^
TABLE OF CONTENTS
T^THODUCT[0^
Inverfetraftf as Biological Indic^toFS
METHODS
CoIl€€fio^ Mefhodi
Aii£iim£f%t o/Simpies
RESULTS
DiscirSkSrow
ACK^OWLF^K.MENTS
REFERtNCES
TABLES
Lisi r^f/ KHt/HfH FId£h£Jid En'^ CatiiAiJ Spoc!£t
FlC LIKES
RciZQmjrKndcil cicDUun" Bcr^dnlil, I.C _ 11??? C*raliid hwlFc fmina ICr-lcppter^ Cnmbiil«l A?5«ifl1cd ^ iHi wpilnnds
{>f the Flathead Rjver vpB»Tib«J fif CKfttuvot Mi]fituin. Coo; vvtion BipIdj.^ Ccnlrrn Suttlen WA, 22 pp.
/TnlMT H^EVTrMJ Ctf»U^ fif^fAM ^i?^J?J
INTRODUCTION
l^Lj pvoj^cf i& ^art of £ mulli-iliBcqiliiuFy survey dcti^cd Id mvcntur^^ and priontfzc fbf cdnscfv^lkin ^nd
mlligaidan appLicBCcoriE, wntlaiih n the Fl^tlitiiid Rii^vr ui^teniha] ol mxlhwc^t MijnUina The projut i&
twinft coordinafrf by Tlw H^Lure CottMfrtncy ■ Mfflklstifl Batumi HejlTnae Fro(rflm The ofrjKiivecHf this
pnnJKt was To invCTiLH^ Ci^i^hii] heerle faiipiula^ of fiv? u'^land^ u^kn^ rapid |i|4^:!:^«^^ni4n| l^hniqu^
limited Lhj h^nd-^Cilkdltlt Ainnrtugh dhc rcsulLi orcinly five wcUand carabid ':urvi:yK dm pTl^^■:ntcd hcsi^
103- 1 2 Aii^LiSl, I WJIh J SMnpled carahid.-^ be marc Ihaii fiO wcllajidshcs in iKirthwcil HmncBna from 13 July
- 19 J^u^u^L ["J^S. w!i£r£Ji^ tli^RB ihior? divnu: sairplu provide ^ nion: complete ai'HZ'iinicnL of tlic
wdlflfi J c^rribii] ^ji^^i^ of n^>nh^^«^[ Mi^iatana^ Ihe caiahid "ipi^cic: and [bi:ir relative abundancn in lamplins
frcfn a1] 5Lle« fiavt yei to h€ ^[^m in^ [ anticipaio p jbii^ing the TDSults c>f [he nacirc inetiuive uir^ey at a
later da4e ami ftft^ ilnal nlecHm lnatii:»n ^f all itn identified ipceicK The infomiaJicin ^ynthe^iTod in thif.
report will hctpeliilly almulflce aillttonaJ rfMiftrcli on CErahul bcralcR e'\ biolftjicEl indicalrn^ ftf wecland
ccoLoj^y ir hvftMerri Moinsna
Carabid bwtLcs on? FfiTrarify ^ncriliSi pedalor?. Jsnd gcivensars) ftf other ami invertehratt species. Seed
(itieUiduifi conilcra}, EnaLL and milLlpftfe SpectaUsti hjv* tJso he*n deseiLbed, as w«ii as ^Lome larje-bodied
|ftf«[ ipccjcL known Id prey m juvHillc stilummJerS- Wlchr-n soil fOod webs carjhui* are lhe KologEeal
equivalent of Iloiu, tigers bi>J bemv. Oiimbids ijplcalLl" pifldUM Otie ft*tieratjOtl ^Kh yesr, althoujli
bdpviduflJe ef lar^bodicd spccKS oElcn Jiv^ lor miillipLe yH^^vf. lit Lh« rmkl ^lunat^S of ihe Pacific
Sortlhwe^ seme odull e^rnbld^ are active in Hie wlnli±f , bul Spring ^nd &\\[ |4^ Li SOJ-SiLTl^e activity by
ftJjiTS in the Lowlands arc t^picd. Bec^usjf ut ihdr abiimlflElM and p^di^KNii Toort hflbits, Hrahi* are
Lmpotlant bEoLogita] insntroL agents erf potential ptsts in n^art^ ecos^'^Semj (e g Oto^^mr^r spp J TVieu irJe
In odief ^CDS>'itcin ser^']WE. suth as organic maUer dKOBlpOSHion^ fivMent t^d lnj, ^d Ihe ■^tmcmntis of
sell invenebiuCe HsmmumtBS is undHJubtedly si^piilLtaiill^lhell largely undncunieaKd)
The beetle fauna ot tbe PEKilit Nodhw<$L (and p^:^umabLy its inuet fauna Ln general) shares significani
siniElantEcs with Ibe ^^>iillicii¥C Ut^ne^ Ktare:? and Japan-Mancbjria region. Thc^e faunaL similarities
pftsbably have their origin in fl tOrtiniOrt, u'ldtspr^ad, aneient {early Tertiary-'*) JHolar^ic feuna thai
mhaequcfiUy migrnCnl south due Chj ntajor fhrri^ce ehan^^ aihj l^envne hsel&[«d in Ibese diiee ^^idcly-
jrt wwftwl regions Yet Iher? ett? somt ohviOnS |»eeulL^n[U:! in dhe generat eoinposilien of d^e Nortbwesl
Wedo feima. most ncHable is iht poor rtptSWilanori ftf tnajor, iwuflaril> sun-lovine^ leaf-f-eedui£ taxa In
conn'afft, families favoring twi anil mCuSI f Nmsces are ivt It- re presented {e g_ Caiahidae and Staphylimdacl
The selective action of drnst cornier Tt^rf^iS ^da dani]\ enwl elimate ti^ evidently been rhe major fitter
exeluding man> ujn-lo^iiig h^bi^'Or^ Hlngeogra^er^ refer to tbe Pacifie Noftbwest msrct fauiu as
Ti^e^i^/vt?;^^, a bioge4>gnif4iic r<alm Ihat extends along d^e coast from die A leutian Arehipelago soutb into
e^ntraJ Califom is and e-^e^ly al<Mi^ Ehe Ri^cky Nttn^ and Sierra Nevads. E^leobotan ical evidmci^ suggesis
the Vaneouverwi bioCa iS vtYy old iPlKX^ne*^), ^^^ ^^^^"^ occupied amueh larger and oontinucxis re^mn.
TbBToare amimlxr erf u^Ctr^sU^^^ relict:? in Ihe Vaneouvc^an ceroid beetle fauna - 1axa with an anuenl
origin Ibat ti^ve stT^v^l fiV fr£>iri Iheir origiiul home Among the eambids these include Omr^ and
J^j-iOMi?^L^;fL7/AiVJ with clowbl reL^M^S Iri S^iutfi Airica, aod A^^e^^j^s with its rolalivrs in South Amrruiiind
Au^u^lia CMfsIf?efAes sp^ties {~ Chv/oscmt^I are fciuod only in tbc montane re^ons of western Noftb
Arfle^iea and Eujusia As dIS^_usb«l in dit ptev|o*ij -^etrinn, many of CheM spcclacular ranee disjunctionE
prt^ahV have Ihelr origm on the Pahozoic tiipsrt<nitirieiit of Pangea, follovred bj- 2iO million years of
plnlc-i«tOTiic tnnvemcut of the c^ntinwiti lo (heir tnrrwl locJtEorii TTiese carabid leliea arc primarily
Inrge-bodrtd, flightier lore^^ beetle? --vith relfldvcl> pW* dispersal pm^er Thu suhe of ebaraetcr? is
snnLl>>rl4 dto:u 5^en in lelie anttaxa
FimXfKiTd FTfrftim^ CtruMh, Bei^Mrl (1999}
The oihcr majw biogj^ogmphic rtalin an ^ ^clflc Nofthwai Is tlie -^oftcptpft^ fl*i nrld f?(l0ii witfi hot
SLinniw7. Many tlK^k 1>^h>i^ ta\a hav* dlgLarc flfflri[ie=: wkh N«rfn}plc*l or wwhem ^WJlh Arnfflca
gnuupsn bOiv^^N, Hl^ Shiot^ 1?ioO If al^ ^^r> Bficfcnt |cflrLy Tertian'?! and ^ignifiii^ntly d]ftlnct
BCiU3quet«[ a1 1194]) Jiccfitly pjbListicd ^ diecUiEt of the b«t[es of Canada and Alaska (7.^^7 jpo^jiff).
OLv^n cha 5.lhi]]lariLy in ^ography. clEinaLc, and vcget^lDTi ot Brilish Columbia I^C) Jirid the U.S. Pacifk
Npuhwdt [Wflsliingtcin |WA1. ]d^u |]D1 and Orcgim |OR)]h tlie IH: bedlc l^una can be u«d as a
t^ifriial mcHdeL Britis!i Columbia has tli? seumd higlKst beetle diversify for a C'anKllan province {Jr^^S
ypccs^^) Brituh Colnnnbion bKtLe^DR primarily n^^re^tn^ In dK fmll^nvlngj^mllies^ 5l[Lpli> Lni doe {rove -
liectlci: J^/ i^f^jifj), Cambidnr (^round-tflcdcs" ViJ jf^^JpjJ, and Cureulkmitlae IweevUsH ^flJ spcc\^),
C^^^id^ ^hicb make up 4lie bulk ot 4he b«tLe biomoss of nofltiem ccu^^ems because of lb elF a bun dance
ATid kr^e boJy size, aceoimt for ehot? iban 13'^ of tde tevlle lifecKS mt British Columbia In b^xden,
■nhtch Ls & iittb more nDrtbcm and enly aboul half tbefize cfBCn oppniiKJmat^ly 9% of tlie t-relle launa
{iz^ f ^dt? jpp^ arc ^ambids |J J^ spp.?. In UKgnn's I IJ . AitJnfw^ Iot^^h ciuabidb iic^onnl lof tJ^nflbe
beatle spcticis. Statisrtcal analysis of die Sp*rie$ disLtihuHotis c^f diffewttl h«ile lir^iliei frCroSS Cimadian
provinc*a suggerls ther; is sJgniliacli ly priore ^p^^v^ ivrno^-ar herw^en reoinn^ in phycnphairoiw Iwetle
f3ni]]ics d^an in tlie L^iriibLilae (pntuidly pr^toT^'scftven^^rs), and ^iguillc^iid^ l»5 in die »^ualic Uetle
familu [Bef gdahl ur^pubf),
Cnrabid beetle spccjcs ricbness is conflated (il -69, r^- 0,iX p ^ [l.fflJl) wllhB«Hera|*lc^rea in HMTh
Amexwa Re^ion^l |sla1cl carabid beetle spcrirt nctflesi Is COTtelated fft ~4^y r - O-ifinp -^ U.OOItwlth
vascular plaiU ipceicE ncbnos. as i? [be number cf emkmlc plAn1 Species r^rnl c:ndem Ic c^rabul Species In -
44pi^ = C>7^. p ^ DM^U- It Li mlen^in^ tuixiU: ibol vAsi-uLiC pt^nC spetles riL^UKSs ulllie ^^ti n^unCufUOUS
United Stflies is nat mucb benei uf a p^diadc ^f hinerny species rlcbness chu li Is of ^c^bkd beetle
rieli ac^R Iplant speeics rjcJuiess vs. buttertly. n -4tt, ^-(^.54^p^ D{H)El [nkresLin^Ll^i ^=:irabid bev^le vj,
plant ikhncHs IS mere £4roii^ cofTi:laLed lbi«i nr^bid vs. butieHly rifbtaeia In -4SHr- ".17, p < QJ>l)r
] ha^v rHHitly completed an ^coini of i^1l Vtin^wtt »rabid be^1? ^p^eieii Ejl tba Pacific Nnrthw^at {DC,
WA, ED &. OR}, a launa which lolals ft9B lp*t]ea *i^l s^b4|Kcii>^ The carahid apeeies rklinea of the
bdivtduaJ ficnifaphic unlls are as lollowsr UC Waftln TVA f^^Tl, ED {121) and OR {-IJE) (CalEfettiia has
fill carabid b«tk sjwcitsll [ntroducH;d^:inb]i3s&ce<nJiilffini^ioftfiePNWta^a. Near iJl^n^f the ftiunais
ecriedy oiSQCiatcd ^Eth i¥etlmiils, and ta. iD^&^ fo^sc spetialia^ TJi^ flVHay^ aduh Krwly size of dw ^es
PflCLfn: Northwest carabld specKS is - M nam (rWt* - 1-^mm-2Smra)
TTie rarefactLon (speties accumuliJioi) Curve l&f P^f Iflc Nortliwesc cai-ahids iufijtsts 1hat K3afively fc^A-
ai^hid species have yet to be discovered Pom- ne-*' spetws lave been descnhed cnver- Hie last ten yean,
and thfcc imdcscribrd species are known ^Hjwtvet^ tnora ^y^malK exi^loiaCEon f^f Teniote mounlain
ranges in (he Pacific Nofthwcbt may >pcld a sutprjsitig numherol widisco^et^d uiiHerteljTate sjjecic^: Willi
amall a«>£Taphic ranges For ntslmce, usin& A tOfflptdwnslve L?.S. National Pstl Service anaSysi-i nf
endemic spzcjcs from tlic Oljmpic Mouncain-^. :ind llie aSftJinptwn tlific tlie number nf tndem Ics ii mughly
iWOpottJOnal to die relative size ol tasa Irom the li.J. AJidjews lottST, I pt^ieced ihe nurnber of endemic
kivenelrate ffpccic=: in die Ol>inpics should t* -^I5t} spedes, an order<pf-mataliude moif than the 1 1
species pres^ndy known. Furthermore, d ninnbrr <>t foctoH uj^esi tlm endemic uivertehi'ates -^onld he
<>«t^reprasen[ within regional biotns when «miM«il to plants ai^ vertebraiM Some of tliesc
HfldliCOveied cfidcmic species may be canitlds. Slmalat" gsp* in wi- knowledge undcrtjh4edl> occur
throughout the PacEfic Northwest
Wilh tegard [Q winch genera (he undtE^^ered cnrabkl species bl lIk region may helflnfr Bouaquet &
LaRochelle |19W1 lugfiesL " . ti^e ck?t^f\t m^m^ of [i-arebld] jjiwits ^nj j^^Tfre^ji-T f^cttrrr^f^ in
^rFJGTiCO /wtJIt €i^ ^tit^'iJ ^t^criwf^ U flfliV?^ fiFTLT/er rW? [2.6 JS Species], Obvs<^V^fy, Jfrtii-e urn Jri^Jt?*ff-rJ(il
southern regiorrs, iforf^f^a£tt/iitia'p;vjiL?fr^fieJc^rfl?^rrJfff ifFmftrJj/nFCT^fjr^v^rJNrri " They e=:tunate
dw number of speeie* and sub3|Meics En Nortti America noitli of Menlco Itn be cl^e CO ^JftOia^iaJe there
wc atont 5W laxa yet to b* aecounlcd for En the U.S. and Cufiada, Bensbidibrl and Trechlnl have small-
nnf^^4^ ^-fStirtHi Cmbjiir, SffgJahi {^999\
bodiei] adi^llSn^K cyplcally wfCbnd^Hp^Ean habHEit ^prciahsts. and arc foiutd fiarn ^^ kvel t^Ui^ nlpctK
HleHv-nlnt CH^l ca^^bid S|>«C]» »e tndein»t lo iJn; PatiPc Northwest Kgian (JJ% nf the fajna). Six
spctiea sre namrt^ly r^scneied lo DC, II (& WA, 6 to !& and 25 1o OR_ CahfbmLi tia& 225 tihfeniie
rtrahids, al-irtabfluc L^rd of Its famifl T It^ve HbttimincJ thrt llic ^wgi^pbic range BiMofNortfi America
cariibid heetLe species rtii a coihtlnental-scak ii S^ifichncl^ HrOrrrlalcd nhh the extent of refiEnsJial
distributEon (i a rarity is spatially wmcordairt) Srtine Pacific Northwtei HrabLdcndnnica may cotiTcncLy be
at nRk H^exCiiHcian due to rapid cti^nge LTi tiahilat ni- climate Fcit^ Pi^cLfLC KortbwcEt n^rabid specks are an
die 155-1 U-'^-Fidi &. Wildlife Service's I l3iofpotentla(|^eMd*nBe^ Or tlijH3tcnrfs|}«jis:^tftiffejtffi^
i^jiftwr^fUij |CA, OR), rf^iHiiia at¥w^fti/ii (ID), &tp.hn(j(BJ fieVcmP (CA, ORl_ Pleroj^ncM't ftjflW
(OR) and ^fftwwiw *e//£fr (BC, WA. OR] Otter lowland wrsbids shot^ld be added (a the list incUiduig
Cr^-in^^i c^:[tiMfMca <WA, ID, OR), S^aytftJH^Jr^t jriLMriJ |WA, OR) &ild Src^irprj termitifofvtis (ORl_ These
J^tA^JfJ and CriiiTAi^tlii arc ripariin aposk^, ^^^jraffm ftr^^wj ii an acute Spli^num spcciflLlsC. and the otben
flreftwe-^carabidi, ictiiccifwhicli are picbabl^ eloselj/ aift«iatcd wuh the itiar^in e-f anall stiMmi
iARl RS ^^TTRIBFSfllld^iTGFNF-RA provide a summar>- of niyflSSessmeill&f the int^^
[he i!^ carabid beetles k|>ccics carrtntl^ known from Mor^tana (Eousquei Jt LaRocht^lk l??3; Bcrgdahl
An Oi'^vieiv of the carabid feiina or Moatana f^ 4^ folloiva;
No.of MTtribe^ -2^
No. off^^ners- AJ
No.MTsp&zi^-l^i
No. holar^ric M i specks - ^2
No. inlrodutrf M I species - 6
Average year Ml species wa& ntsc de^ribiftl in cntOfntildgv litt^ratLrr? - 18^A
Average number chF fr5 ^tcs and pT4:ivm«& r4T species occur in ~ 23
No. iptcJM iViuiJ in tHjlh ^fl"* ID - JJ>
No.apeclejft>iiiiJinboiliPdl"& WY-JL3
No.spcdKJWitJjnl^Olli Wr*ND- L6«
N^.4recle$iH>uih|jnbettihtr.USK-2^Q
No. Species foiidhJ ]ti betti MT.^ Afi - 2G7
No. Species found ]ti botli MTJi BC - 284
TTien: are i^d known cai^bid Species fK^r<ywty crWf^^it CO ^^OHiajia. Ilo^evef, in comparibLin lo Litlitr
Pacific Norlbwest states and provinces, this is anumaluus^ sug^stin^ tbai a few ear^ids endemic to
MDQtona ti^ve yel to be disutvered. l~he n nmbcr of^ndeir icj m regKuis near Mnnt^ina are
BC=7, AB-2, WA- I ^ ID - 7, OR - 25^ UT - 15^ WV - 2, NV - fi, CA -226, iind PNW IBC, WA,
ID a ORJ ^ KB.
SijL Fpccces cun^^lly }jH^wn Ij^m MOnl^u^ are fOiuKl pD On 1^ J of ^ ^ak^ or prn^rbici^ as indicted below^
Crcindeicr (CyfirKlercO ^^fricjpict cyj^w^ih MThNE
Pl^roj^Iicfuis (fiypfrerpejj fchhoise MT^ID
S7*ajJftiH^iuJ *tf£rk£iii Ml, ID. BC
Bi^mbidiOfA nmli:it\d£c^m MT, BC. AB
ftocwJ^chw^ fMyjihi^ptV risfrkfui MT, CO, WY
CteFThtJff ^^n-ir^ff isall^beetle, anl a habclat specialist on saline ditches and fl&la ofeMT. T*e species
h urcemunon. Sn^il HrondiiiH>nt uddoubcedly sigojfieantly effect (be JiarlftvHon of the beetle. All cJchese
Pie^^ifch^s (Hyp^ierp^j &re iMge^bodLedn niftbtless, *!>***[ species. A few cnf ihe niehilesSn fcrfesc-scream
5Iar#«J P^i^fljtif f anrtA etr^difAt f/ifW
Pji^jvj.f/JtAKJ |7*i^?lrtA^roPJ^^wy BpEtLC5 pTWCTitly knijwn as THrroiiLy cndanit to HbIio wil] urdoiibtcJE>
cv^fituaLly be cdlkdcd oJofig tfie cr^sl of chi^ D]rTerRK4 A^v^inlnin^ in Mntnt^na. Sc^ipMr}oti4s m^keil* is a
gcKxl candidate tof thi^^t^ned & cnctqn^cKd eCoIus sitkc il is kntHvn fi^hin n^ly a very sEnnll eit^^ in ntD^
3cBC BJid mvMT. nnd fi?w sikt anJ spftinnsdS. ThespiKi** Is a fli^lille^s, snail prediHor fH^rKl tmly llIoti^
amall- monlEinc-Ioretl sIkSjUS ^mbk^^i^ rpH/onJrcFim ^ a ^t^pme-'&lparte specie* irl die Rocky
MmuilfliiK ca. the USA-C&nadi bordar
Iwo hiuiHif^ and ihnty two (232) carabid IxDilcqxnizisirABLF N^i^'MTUSTj ^^ kiunvn or ^Lspcct^ as
K^ldmt [it nciFtti^i-c^ Mantana IBouEqucf £ LaRocbcllc L99J. LaBcmte &. Jotinsofi 193?. EdwanJs L^5.
RusKfH L?£g> Based on trends of hobitBl affinity ot conbuk ]d tbeP4jcirLC Noftti^cst IBC. WA. ID. OR).
ne^T ll'V^ of IbcEC qxEJCs arc probably wcfland/ripamE habitsC spH.idttts.
TeE^eslflal iiivfrrahratas arc valuable [lulitatcirs dF b]odivcrs]t>' paftctn and e[x>svst«n FnoDitonng tools for
Tn^ny ^3^^}flS inoluding I) Ihcir high sfcuH ncJiness iind bioirass^ and 2| wide range orbcd> sizcs^
habqt^ ^nd 1i>0il reC|U]JrenKfilSH ^c^i^nnBJ aclivLty^ Tif)rf>duct[yc bioLogy and ix^miation growth raJos^ pDwcn
of dispn^ln and teoir^pbic dislribtjcfcons Low-co^ paisivc^ sur^'C}' mcltiods c^d rcltably sample lai^
nuTrb^ tif liidivlduaFs Cnvtr sbon pcnodR of [Eire wi4li mmjoiaJ [naripower. Because efdie divn^ity of
Lfivcdebiffle Species and Ih^ir tHzndency lo exhibic laj^ populalioo sjzcs slatisticaJ tE^ot and robust
cancLiisim^ ^ir« feasible Fo^e^^lierimcncaJajbdcompai'ative studies
1nveTtcbn[» have been ihoivn to rcsfn^id to many environmHitaL icnpacts, incLifding tiabhat fra^mcFTtaJkin
and pcfTuLatin^ is4jLnt|4>^, tabttat mchdifiii^crH^ and dj^urbancc, eliniaJe cban^n, and cbemm^l fKiltution.
Many ijivrrtc brutes Sf^ci^ hav« ttie [KriEtitial for rapid rcsponEf to flnetiiating envLronimznial condLlions
because H^f chtif hi^b rH^pulacEnZdh fjewdi rates and sbon gcncratjoi] tLmet In^'crtebr^le spceici arc often so
failhJvl 10 speeifie olinhates aj>d habitat tliat tbeir tossalt have b«n u^d to rceonstnict chmate hislory
Many pub1is1>^ t^potl-^ using c^rabKls to i~eeonstTuct«l paLeoefiviroiurents can be Cbnnd in ^
paJn>:^l<^ literature Given tbc high number ot rcgionaJ cndooics and habitat specialists^ many
NonhweSE invertebrate species wiLL undoubcdly prove to b= v^ry Kcumle indicotor^ of hatnital conditions
t^includli^S k^eal and re^naJ bicdivenity bijttpc^s) and management impdcts
TJet ^11 invertabratc taxa are equally efTKtive as indicaCor^ ol biodivet^icy p^liems or eiwlrotl mental
bniHCtS- rd»ll>^ [odicalor tai4a should eidiibit Lhe folLo^ing diar^^n^nf^ics' l> hi^ Species diverslt>',
cnctoiian and bobilat fideli[>', 2| wide geographic distribution, i) tsxonomimlly and eL4tlo^c^l^ well-
kni>^Pl, ^J ea^y CO ohain large random samples ot species, and ^| large tK»dy bL:^ for ea^y idHiliJiC^lcOil.
AIsOh iili]icat4>T ta;{a ^litnild be ccDEogicaJLy diverge tiencomposs a broad r^ngt of ecdLdgK-dl Ti»|aiic(neiit&
and lile-hlstoties. and e^bibft var>ing sensitivity Lo eoviroomcntaL perturbalioos}^ in addition lo being
iunctioiiall) impotlatlC In ecosystem processes^ and having iriatively sedentary habits or poor powers oL
disper^l. Car^bids meat these nfuaJifkalions mucJi better tban many ottier terrestnal invertebrule tii^a. In
northern biirO|4, ivtiei~e the biology of corabid E-pccies is much betler hnomi, carabids liii^ve b<»n used
extensively CO inouit^ ttie bioLogioo! mtegiity ot forest and lienthlofuL. In Ncnth Amcrka tliis poCi^ntiAl tia)
baldly bwn capp^ Carabid faunas are analyzed in a recent urticLc Ibcusmg en mu3tiv?rinte iociIkhIs to
determine indicator $|>eeies and etiaroctcnstic species assemblages bi biologbtal u^ficissmeni reseatdt
(Dufrene S L^s™drt 1997J,
Ftn*«rfPIWflitJr4KAW^fi^fSHfiaWfrt60>
METHODS
Sixijy Siley tiiNi Sanipfe Daiei
'Ibiz \r^^\^ 1x=ttkK ^uihulas at flvi: wcUondj in ttic Fla^cad hivi>f R^jrt iv^j? siunplHl |s« Tr\DLE
SITTSl- Tlhac wccl^nda -^CMt Ltkctcd by sJafF af TTic Nflfui'c Ciiiiiwr^flncy - Mor^lflfl^ NnCuniL Herila^
IVagfam^ aad arc s small fubfct of Ihc null}' w^rlands m TNO'T-ITNHP-FLsthf^ u'^luid ptf^a^c, All^cudv
9Ltc5 Lfictuicd a inosaLC ^r hobital t>p« CHngmg JroniforatKJgc toopcn^atizf In mch^t nzaus, T&Ttenipt^d
to sainpic a1] inajDT tubit^t types ^uLcabJc Ibf c^rabids Sph^^num coin m unities occur at tlu Sw^i% RE^r,
Ambrose Fciu and Boii'cd Crc^ sUcs Siocc a number ot larc ca~ cndcirjc carabEnls ar? known iriHEn
Rpfiagnion ba^ in the Pacific Northwest, c^lkcUng ofi spliBgnum mats n^^i^ived ^itecial sttftiEiH^, An
^K'^Twlcvf of ttic bogs of die region, includjng somt folor piclurcs, can be fiKjnd in Chadde^l al {IQ^fl),
hmwevcr, none oftlic wetUnds m this study arc descnlKd in th«r reparl. Mof ■: dj^flcd d^cripti{w^ of tiK
wetJandi^ in 111 19 stjdy will bt pi^]vidcd [n iut^re reports by INC^TNHP Flaibiifld wceI^ nn^Kt,
The dates of tbc samples span {3 ] -12 August, L993 Tbc wealbcr duilng lius per lod of time was warm and
SLinny, and pnnvidnl excellent cuuditlons lev luud- collet ting tjrntuds. The weotbcf on both 01 and 02
Augiisl was waini and cloudy wuh llghl tuIu Du? to on abundimce of preciphatiofi In Juoe Ln northwcsi
Montana, i^'ctlaods indie region |]fobaMy lind water-lri^Lc ckvalicns that were tijgber thou average. Wtien
wetland basins are full there is in gencnJ kss pcnodic^ily-Enl^nergcd habital available for aampbng non-
iiqUfCic wetland ]n9eets such as caTab]ds, ivhich ore well-adapted to CKpLoil these ephcmofaJ miero-liabEtats
h Is unelear Ihow weftcf than nonnaJ cendit]ans may bave efteelc^ the 4llvers]ty or abnadance of tha
sftinpls-
All cambidt in ibn: »inipks "a-^k f^llect^d by b^d^ell«Cllott t««hulqu». N& p]L(k|1 irttp^ ^xr^ ushT du« h^
tbc very limited number of Tiirtdj avml^bk (0 l^a pt^jflcc ^11 tarafcids Ihjl w«k ^t^ wcit; tflbcn if dwj^
could be caughc T^rdless of Ibel3ct that Ihes^KS ma^* bavealr^dy be«ti uhen bi ihe ^^unpkr lli&t is,
tbe samples nsfcvsj^ an HCnliat* of (be wlwiv* Jmndsnce of die ca^bltl be** spetits &cci^ly Men.
Altbcugfi tinnd-colleOliflg H tligbt 04t| yi«ld Isr^ «»r^d sajriple^ «nd help fithi r^e ^p^ei, au nk^ht
ccHeetingwascondiitt^d al ilwsif live u-eil^nds. I tel led primarily on noodingand crfvupbu^dKarDUodto
^uro carabids from hiding plates A small, diree-prODg^ ^[\tn fork wAS ustd to mow litter WHen
avajlable, nkcsymg logs and brnichi^ ^nv dusei-ted iind cj^mbied fi?r ti]ding beetle Small bodiHl
ipceies were quEckly aE-pliari^d urio a ^nl to r^duLe ibe pOS-^lily of ^Sijape. All sfKcimm^ wert
immediately pickled in sm^ll vials in 70^ elbimol + 3D% kiicllfiii vide^ L^t^t w^re added tu eiK-b vjjI
immediately after the E^mple uah lukeu.
A1I samples Tvere ^sesscd ]n my lab In Sealtle Sp<:ciincns vp^re quickly washed In a tea sCniuivr using Cap
water^ dried on paper, pointed Iglucd to a smal I paper polnl using ^atcr-KSoluble Elmer? gluel^ and then ihe
|Kp|n|wa? puined wEth an insect pin
A11 K|>fiounens were examined iind=r a dissecting scope and s^ed Inio "morpho-Epccles'^. MosI of ibese
^oup:! were then identEficd to species using Luidroth I1%1-E46^> and reference lo my largn^ P^dJlc
Nonbwast synoptic collec4Jon. Twelve o^ tbe tiJlcen (l^i Befttiidior) specie have yet lo \k idedlLlkd to
sp4C^as Tlia genus Bi^ytf^^ilfoff is exceptionally neh In species |e.g tin largest L^mbld genus in MOnraHik
Ibe sp^ie^ h^ve sinaJl adult body tize, and are oiten dililcult to ki^ to bpi:cle^ wllhour access 10 ^ ^OOd
synopi iC ^olkctlOtl of the regEonand pn^ lous expcnmce. My prelim uiary determinations of rbrae i^pEcies
will neod to b? v^nfiad b>' anedier carabidologlst before Ibe 3^f?\iyActfoii of iiesc sample? ^.^n be full>
Assessed.
ftMhea^ I^eHoMJ eTafoAlj^ Afif^Ad (iy^9)
RESULTS
Sevenwan smpfcs werc [alien - IficaJity de^ribLlcidS ^rt njurlinKl in TABLE SITES. Forty-f«]r {^^4)
3|MCjei among 259 apccLmtJis \^tre KpreanKd m che sanpk!,. A brief o^«>lcw of tlwae apttie^ ]$
provided in TABLE SPECIES TTic s|KC]i:a and Ih^jr Klaiiv^ a]M41slAn« witliifi and [Mztwcizn dte ]7
individual Eompin h presented in TABLE SAMPLES, jn addilicm U> rioces nsn "^huntijig auKCia" and
raretaclKin IFFGURE RAREFAtTJON)oftiic entire cdEImclhhi
DISCLISSIUN
Very litlle hfl^ iMflii puhihhftd Hjn Ifie tSrthd becll« of Mtmlana. Russell's 1196^) unpubli^^d Unlvej^Lly
of Wasfiinpon niE^wra db«$it focUMd Oil ihe fymi\\ HfPnitics cf ibc Colcoptcra of wcEtcm Montfloai Wld
pcV-^i** Ui* ft^t ^fct^^fccl (l?( oftWiJHids fw Chc re^con. Edwonas (L975) surveyed ih? c^rsbrrf fainifl of
Glatief Nmaonal Ps* from IW7'6!h wUdi ircludcs parts cnf die Flolhtad Rjver ^^asln, hut putlanly i4
bj^bi:r tk^^iotlS clun tht sili:^ ilvs^bcd m tJii& repun. The numlKr of c^ralMd-i I14 Kporienl fr^jm CL^cier
NatiofiaL B-irk mtJudn id? species and 23 ^nefj. bu4 as wEth RusEfIL (L^S), ^^nne ^f \\w Cjixa ^re no
hunger r«ogniz4^d as unkfic orr:s]den4 In Montana iBousquel &. L^E^LodiElk ]4^^), Tn iinntle un ihe lirst
records of SeihrsiJ r^iihpxfr^cUTta and ^ qiojiilncoflis in Montana |La)u Countyti E^A^ntc & Johnson
|]?A1>| provcde L^ lisC of v^etlEmJ ur^bc-ls associaled ^ith Ihese species in their nzcJk ell oti$ Cll^d^ ct nl
^]^A| provide an appendix on d:re invertebnites associated ^]di pcstbndi m Ihe RnKk^ Movnliin^ uf
MemUina, IcbhOn W^shm^h^oi and Wvomuig, inohiding beetles, but surpcLmgly na^ai^ds Ai^ mvtiCionHl.
The spee]C4 reported here, combined with Russcl (IMS), Edwainis ( Lfl75>, LaRonc* £ Johnsnjn ( [ ^S9) and
Bonsquet A LnRocheLIc (li?^^). provides a provisaonaJ lEsl of 232 c^rabEd ^fies hfi4>^n *>r suspect as
leiident in tfie Ficrtliead River i^^tErshed (TABLE NWMTLISTj Ca_ Si% of th^M SpPrKS can be
cxpe^lKl to te wcChifid'ripamri lubit^t spec ulisls
In gafural, n urfiapaiEson to i^otlands Ihaf ] hav« ^ampt^d iti Wti^in^ton, Idabo and Oregon, these
Montana '^'eflands yielied Tathef EJtia[l samples. T^ese ]s a^p^Eal^ triM wl^n lhe> [ire couipored 4o ncfi-
srJvagnutu wetlands west of 1tie Caseadc Mouiitaiiu. Aldwugli ^pha^uin bo^ and lens everywhere
typicaJly yield sniaJ] car abid iajnples, the numeroua non-^pliagnum Flatfi^d ^mplvs produced renuir^bly
peior eatcbos One faetor probabl> accounts for niosl Chf tli k variation' Eh« lor^gn iind moK Intense "-^ inler?
4>f iioMhwe^ MonCana Many of th« ""mD^ing 3p4<itll4tis" ktclLHk jpccie^ in ^ foklo^Lng gcncm
Sf^(f^^^pf^'^^ F^d^i^^^Eif , and B^ttrbsdiOtt
Ofdtfr n S^mplei, Sw^Fi I Ovbow wid Swai 2 Osbow prHjJuwJlhc greatest number of spMimcna-'hr and
l^iihSp*C^&ylu■^TAFll F SAMPl^liS)- Suildny 2 was ilso hi^ indils rcgBid, The cateb at the Swan Riv«
thKboif was undfiiihledly mflijenced hy prt>vlrt*n> n> ripflfian liabilflCs associated ^iilb the aetEve floeJplain
Chf Swaii River, whicli wbs extMmely el^w co (hew*$i«i end oilhc oxbow (ca. 100 metcral- FJoe<tpla[n
hflbitats SAippnn die higliesf ahundajie* and diversity of ^JfSbids lit che J^iicifii: Horthwes! Tlw Sunday
Ctti* SftiTiples vverer>pical ffrf^niall inrtwiilaln$i|r^ajn$i^lch foresifrl s3iwH?lines_ "npanan" Eiabhats wfiic^
also Suppi>Tt sa alpU]ld&Ui:« oJ carabid^ albeit S tnu^b k&s ^via^ j^unti Ibjn hotiitJits associated whh iar^
rtvcrt-
Similarly, Ibc splugnum fieri samples deserve connteor - Ibese samples typically yielded the fewest
speeimcds-pec-unh-etfort, and low-lo-modemCe divcrs]t> However, wtiereas capture rates ma>' be low in
spbagnum habitats, die species are lypically unjque bo^'fen specialists C^rahtd spceies aj^Rociated with
spba^uoi habitats in tlie Fladii^ad Rivec watenhed include F/fi'OJ/Jc^irT pmraeli't, A^tt^tum m^M^iium,
■^ jonwm srar^MWflf. ffamtrdr^wf sp_ J EmJ fewfriri^ora sp_ 4_ The first Ibcee of these =Q>ecics arc known t>h*
assceioEe^ with spha^iim fbcoujijioat Ibeir range m North Ameriea A^^mi^m m^oS^^m n a widcspi~ead,
acuic spba^um speLkJisl in weslem Wiisluiiglonk and maylK in Mnntaoa. AgimAim ^f'tJilosuM, however^ is
Fi^hNii JToVuiy Cvahlik, Rf^^Jahi ^1 WJ
nt II sphn^num fpe^LJist 111 th^ FliiHiedi] irgLoa. Agomm cupffpermi^ u>as iht onlv ^^ri^id wLlcrti:^ in ^ I
bours^mj^k Trtiri ^6wa]|-1 F^. IhiS Spi±^HS is nc>1 closely jseocIbIhI ivjtii 3|>tiayihuni Ic ia^s ^^lltocd Jt
Swan 4 F«n on h&r«H ^et gr^lV^L^ml SubSLmle jr tin in^r^n ofii spiing ftiat ftfl^^natts AC chis fcfi.
AKIiOWfili the -^aaiiuni huninnxbs at dhls iii* w^re wcU-dcwbpKL (he splwgfujri raaU bJ ihi$ $il« i^^rc
IlHjt veil' axten^iiw Tli? diversity nfspeclMPrtChfr r\mbitist 2 Ftn*3niplc]Bi«narkais]y higlh m CDinpjnSnji
|j> Ihfl QtlMr fen samnkR Amhtvse Fen is « vei>-lart*H iTuiscJT) tonHl-spliaariiim boft suppcirijnB w!iai
appeared ca be cxcfipt]anany high plant dft-erghy. ife Single Uhf^^ flw^r^ in <h]s safriplc rTwst tilwly
r4:prc5«ili the rarcsi spntic* acrcM=: atL ]7 SAmpfes. ^^i<iwe parasLlc* ol kdf-*ertlK, and I^f^Jj Fa^tiiyjLi is a
Icflf-bretic mimic- 1 rflfciy encounter them jn the Pacific ^Jon^VHesr, hiJ^^CTn this may Ik an aiti ffljit i>f the
djfftctiJty of BampJiflft canopy babHat^
TTiia cilhc first tiinc I have pCT£onjiiyMl]«rted^^jwitw*iKJWtf filler Jlian^
PacLfie Northwest The £pcci« ]b fin e]ccoplioikdhK i}ftayciful, shiftynwtttllii. gre^n colot It ib da> aOJve, a
BtnmgfiiCT, aiiddifficiiLttoiateh_ItBppefirqtrt|irafer, w^rtdnSun-ciipuiwdJior^limH widiadiy. ccHnpacled
cla.y£and3ub3tiate,whichwaifnufidiustafpove(hecal4aL]satCfl! Baymaisli. TheBpccEeB ib widcspfnzad In
North America, EkjC accofduifi to Lindmih Cl%l-6fl> tb« $|Mclcs Juts not reach the Pacjfic CJiast I
coLlccledlliesrecicsataniimtKrofQClKf Flare*! R^ln walftuds ini^ugiftl ]9?a, uidicatEnfi Ihe ipccic^i h
tim Lfieamnion in the Flathead Lake at*a_ These Is the |K>isiblliLj^ tlwic Fbthend Lake, whicli is die lar^crt
natut^l lakt in [helJ S A waslof tike Mi»lppial Riv^f, i:H>irirHnjlH djreclly to tbcflbundaiKe of^^rjriijw
(^ra«v in the area due to the lar ge eNleni of the I .ak^'s Opthn sun-sxpoKd sWcbnct-
Nftne of the LdeinEffced speciei in the 1 7 =:ample^ appear to t*preKnt (xcepLlCmaf rt Coids eiccept for JM-Auj
^i^fzjic^, an introduced Bpeoies iroin Europe and the only in1r<idiKC^ LflnibLd is 4he 17 sampler The
AmhfHMe Fen -^peciinena t^ present the flt^c renzofdi ^f this HrabLiI In Htmlana, and deserves a publication
no£e in the ejitemologlcaL lheratLje_ The spread of dti^ specks an<^ ihc FjcIIic Northi^eBt haB been i^pid
and ]B fairly weLI-decamefited fe £_ Kavaniugh i Fr^^ln 1 53i>- This an jll-t«llcd, win^-d imorpliic spcejcs
was firsl reported in StaUk, WA - Vancouver, BC awa \ti \m Qb\\Ah 1953), tlaliloniEa in 1972 [In'm
]^12), andin c^Etcm Washington and Cenrra[ Idaho in IQG^ |UR^Ie I9K9). [lie E^^relesiB notawetJaod
specialist - [s it often found in open-^ra^y at^a^ ?loine E>f |he Uiliden(ilicd Bemb?d?c^ sp«ies may aiao
prove to be not civoTthy records onee final detem^kfiatiO]]^ areavaiE^bk.
Rarefaction (PIGURE RAltEPACTlON) of 4be cateb data producer a curve Ihac has not flanmedn
IndKatjnft Ihat additional coilcclins will add a nuinlsrof taffl(0 clie list of ■« tarabid ippecleE represented
PCros9 the 23^ spceimcns afi£|}'7cd wJthfn ebe^e I7^niple^,
ACKWOWLEDG>fENTS
The roLIOwjng |]40pk helped n^e wnh vjnuLis ai^TKCIh o] this project: Jim LjeUicrr ICnMnelJ lJn]vevs[ty,
ithtica. NTJ, Dave Kai'anauKh tCallJWnIa Academy h^F Sumecs. San FranciBco, CA), Jin LaBonte
<Of*eon ^ta« L}epartpiieJJt Ai-rKnlrnTe, iaiem, UFln awl Sne Crispin, FjuI Hmdrkks. Jaci Grcenke at
ITJOj'M I KttF (Heleika, \1TJ I ah ^pace an*l Held SJjppjn was pffOvLtfcd by the Lln]vwiLty of the
WIHemess, Consen-alion Biology- Center JSafirtIa, WAV
Fitnh^it JFirtiHil rfr^frfpffr fltVSAWa WJP>
REFRRCNrES
Ilciij«|ii4^4, Y. («j-). l^l-Clie4.tlL3l4jriK?ll»ulC^rMdnaiid A1[Lsta. A^rjcullun Canada OUawa. 4:3frpp
^guN4|tj«L^ V. & A. LdRcithdlt. ]WJ. Catakn^u* of lhe Otfldcphflga (Crfccfstcra. TratlijpacJiLdiic
Rhv^adidae, Carabidn^ ]ncludjng Cicjtideljuil of Adn^nca noii]i cif Mvkjchj. Mcmmir^ Entoirolo^caJ
SocifltyCflnadaNci-]67 L-397-
CHAOdt, &^-H ec »L. 1^^ P«flluiA OD NiiUonal Fcpr«S[Si>fllieN£TLlk«niRuc^> T^ouiUaLns Ecology and
cijTiswvwion. U-S-U-A. Fh?p??( Setvlten Kctckj Mm. Etes im,^ Gen, reth. Ri^rt. RMRS-GTP.-i L, 75pp_
Dufrrnci M. ^ T". L«^d|lrti 144?- SfHK}«$ ii^»i^inti]i4^! nnd indkalcir s|}«]a. the ncKl for a flexible
Edw^rtlSn J- G,, 1?7S. Tilt Cflrabinlaj; ftf ^■lal:^l]:f NscK^iiil T^pk, Mm^
58.
Enviii, T-Lh I^2_ Trtfc/rifi (±fiftuFi¥ Rnchson m Cfililomla (ColKHp^SJ*. CflrablJfli;!. CcifeopCCTins Bullctlr
26(2). 42
Hitchn M.lLa93^ Notes on C^rab[4Lii±.Puii-PEK]riLbn[. 4.117- 121.
Kavananck, IXHr & T.Lr £nnni ]9Jf^ Tr^chfs obUfsus Erkhson rCdkofKcm Car^bidac), a Europieaii
^Dund b«^tL?OQ tfie PEK]lic Nonhwef duBst of N^Ntli Am^rlcji' its distnbutEon, jntroductEinu and spread
Pflii-PatiJicEiit 6l.]7tH7y
LaBootCp JnRr I^S^r 7r?^Jnf5 ^rrJiFTJ bf Ichson In Id^ko and <^Ei^i:m Wii^hington IColroprcfu Carabidoe}.
CDkopcTiElsBiillclin4^|]t. 17.
LaBoati:, J.R^ anil F.J. Jolinu^Tt. IFH!?r Dl^rlbnCii^n, c^i^lugitEil. ^nd bdinv]cinil notes on Bi\£Sf?itii in
MofHaiuand Oregon IColcopt^n Curabiducl. Colcopter^C? Bullnin 4312) ]'7tH72.
Liidrotk, C.H., J9&l-I?69r The ^Kiijnd-b«4ks IQarabidac. cxcl CLcindclinoel of Canada ^nd Alaska.
Pam ]-6 CTHJScjLa Eritomolo£icj. suppi XX, XXIV, XXaX, XXXEIJ. XXXIV, XXXV- 1-LLK
(Entoniologiska SoJlskap^ Lund, 5wedni).
RiihhIIh L.)L, L?64. TIk finiJia] n^litiionbhipt of [hi? Coleoptem of Montana, ^"cst of the Continental
Divide, with a hst oflhe spift-KS hnO^n 14 olClit then:. M.S. ZhjoLo^ Ibcslsn University of ^'dihinglon,
ScatOe, WA-.20Bpp.
^InTJif^ HVrffliVrf^ftfrfNdS. flffprdWir^JTHU
CMrabida€^ in Monlnna (LV^. An) and tticrr species nclinu^
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APPENDIX G -PRIORITY WATERSHEDS FOP WETLAfJD INVENTOPY
191
Ua nlana WsTerslied B of H^h Bk)dlv€rslty Value PrbrltEzed fo r lTiv€Tita ry and Con Bflrval lo n
Comp lied by Ihe Monlana NalurHl Herrla^ Prcgmm hi^nlana Sla1e Lbiary
VtUofBhod
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Lower F^lhead
E-3 4
SiAQn
1^3
FfalhBKJ L^e
1-3 4
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1_234
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1-23
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Sun
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3
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3 1
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3
Red Rock
1-23
n^dBjn
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3
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1-23
3
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3-4
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3
3
Mrdd^Powc^r
E-3
LMbPomfer
E-3
Lower Povrtier
E-3
Lower Yelkn^one
3
BqUKidy
E-3 4
Brus^i Lake
1-3
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E-3 4
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E-3 4
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Beever
E-3 4
Thb b a pr^limir^ry rnrkingof N^nlE
^^BleishpBdE compi^d by s\^ of Ihs
Momara Hetuial HerilEpge Prcgram and The
Nalura Con^rvarc^ s Md nlBfiB FrekJ Cff ce-
ThE E a qioJ rialrve lenking t^a^^ on beal
picf e^»aiBl JLxbamairi- The ^^sler^hEda
wecB evakslad inng Itn cineia Jrsted
bakiw-
Crilarb
1 Exieni aixJ {^gree cf devekipmenl of wellandfi rpanan cc mm unrl ea
2 Oi^lrl^Bfid inlegrn^of wel^ndaixJ rparBiicommunilbs
3 Presenceof rare «]iiimunnreB o Litslanding «] mmunrty examples and ^nsdr^o
orBT^>ec»es
4 Level cf Ihieal
192
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