Linguistic Survey Of India Vol V Part I Indo Aryan Family Eastern Group

92 BEls7GAIL
IV.-VEEBS-
In these there are the wildest irregularities. The most conspicuous is the want of
sense of person. Forms for each person occur, hut the third person singular seems to he
capable of heing used for all three persons. For examples, see below:—-
A—Auxiliary Verbs, and Verbs Substantive—
(1) Present,—^H I am not; tiehhay, thou art; dhay, it is; dchhg-y, they are,
even; lay, is not.
(2) Future,—hib*dk (pron, hibbak), he will he.
(3) Past,—Iian*dk (honntik), Utfdk* hen*dk> hendk, he was, it happened, etc.
All corruptions of Bengali hwlek.
Chhmd, rahind) rahin> hend (corresponding to Bihari, chhald, rahald, rahal>
hald), he was, they were.
(4) Past Participle,—hend, in gar-hend, fattened.
Tbe forms gend and hend are often used as an auxiliary, in the place of the Bengali
chhila.
B ,-Finite Verb—
(1) Present,-~kdtu~ni> I did not transgress; jdntt-ndi, I do not know; pdi-ndi>
I did not get; pdrum, they can; p(iy> they get.
(2) Imperfect,—kinit-gend (#6fla=Bengali gela* used instead of chhila), I was
selling, thou wast (art) selling; dqkhit gend, I was seeing.
(3) Puture,~yaw, I will go; dim> we shall give; bunib, I will say,
(In colloquial Bengali, the m forms are common, in the case of verbs
whose roots end in vowels, like de, give; J#, go.)
(4) Imperative,~^fi, let us make; de, give; dtfa, come; din, give me
(respectful); rdkhim, keep me (respectful).
(5) Past,—'first Person,—Regular is genctm 0=£#Za0»), I went Usually it ends
inm Thusfowww, I committed; dekhnu, I saw; j&mu (pr. jdanu)9 I
knew; dhunnu, I caught.
Sometimes the form of the third person is used thus,—muri genak, I
am dead; kuindk^ I said; hitfdk, I did; dentik, I gave,
Second Person,—dim ndi, thou didst not give; mun'dk (form of 3rd par-
son), thou hast killed,
Third Person,—There are several forms, which may be grouped as follows :—
(a) Bengali forms wlek,—dsnek$ he came; dilek, he gave; ndgnek,
they began; hanek, there was.
(5) Corresponding to the same,—in tfdk (afy,—lMn*dk, he did;
hatfdk (etc., see Aux. verbs), it happened; ban'dk, butfdk, he
said; aiK^ftj he cameim&tfdk) he killed; kulnydk> they said;
dhan'dk, they caught; in ndk>-~~kahindk9 kuhindt, he said;
dhdindk, he ran; dsmk, he came; hitndk, (?) they made
(jpdyayd ndgit itttt*pufa hitndk, they made an attempt for fleeing);
ghuriydndle, they returned.
(o) Corresponding to Bengali forms in la^-rahnit (=raMU, pr. rohilo),
he remained; din®, he sent; pdnu, he got; mdnu*i> he did not
even desire; imu (=laUa)> he tooL