Useful Matrix Information

Y'ljcon-H

Mergenthaler

— ~*1 information

lh

s booklet contai

is a wealth of

mationab

utL

notype matrices

and their use.

Itde

lis br

efly with many t

echnical facts

cone

ernin

; everyday probl

ems that arise

n Linotype com

posing rooms.

As a ha

"h y

aide, it seeks to bring together

many

perti

lent items for re

dy reference.

Th

knowledge and

experience of

ictio

Engineers, bac

ed by agency

dheadqua

rters

taffs, are always

at the service

Contents

MATRIX INFORMATION

Page

How to Order 2

Triangle Numbers 3

Accents 3

Fractions 3

Superior and Inferior Characters . . 4

Special Characters 4

Key to Matrix Terms 4, 5

Alignment of Linotype Characters . 6, 7

Relation of Matrices to Molds . . . 7-10

Leaders 10, 11

Figures 12, 13

Spaces 13

Two-Letter Display Matrices ... 13, 14

Point System 14, 15

Bridge Notching 15-17

Accented Characters 17

Tooth Combination Chart .... 18-21
LINOTYPE FAMILIES

Faces and Where They Will Run . . 22-51

Code Symbols 52

Lining Faces 53, 54

Teletypesetter Matrices 55, 56

LINOTYPE FONT SCHEMES .... 57-71

FACE IDENTIFICATION NUMBERS . 72-103

KEYBOARD DIAGRAMS 104-121

CARE AND MAINTENANCE

OF MATRICES 122-130

useful
matrix
information

How to Order

The Mergenthaler Linotype Company carries in stock a full
supply of matrices to meet the exacting demands of printers

With the hum
that you give can tail in preparing

orders. Orders s sn, preferably, and the name

Anted. A copy of each order should be retained for

;e Linotype order forms, which

Always use the correct order form. They are supplied for Regu-
lar Characters, Special Characters, Accents, Typographic Re-
finements (inciu pes, recut italics,
two-letter small (order Matrices and Matrix
Slides, and for all foreign characters. Use one sheet for each face

It will help us serve you better if you indicate the specific
model for which the matrices are intended (and the bridge num-
ber, if required t and the particular style of
magazine to be used. This is essential information, since matrices

8A232 Corona No.:

8A568 Corona with Bold Face No. 2.
Ve frequently ri merely for "8 point Cor-

." As shown abo' as many others) is made

'arious combinations; in such cases, it is impossible to fill the

Triangle Numbers. The triangle mark on a matrix is the identi-
fication of the Mergenthaler Linotype Company, and the system

numerical marking on the side. The triangle number should al-
ways be entered on the matrix order form. Always copy the mark-
ing exactly, for example 8A34. Do not choose a matrix at random
or take one from a pi tray to obtain the triangle marking. Select
a lower case "n" from the font for which matrices are wanted;
if figures are ordered, select a figure 5. The reason for this: refer-
ence characters, quads, leaders, special characters and fractions
in some fonts bear markings different from the alphabet character.
Accented Characters. The standard accents are shown on page

variety of faces and are priced as indicated on the order blank.
Characters not shown can be made to order, at a special price
which will be quoted on request. If small cap accents are desired,
these should be ordered on the standard accent order blank.

Always check the order blank in the space specified to signify
whether low, high or small cap accents are being ordered.

There are two styles of cap accents, low cap and high cap. Low
ually supplied to avoid the use of a special mold. In

thflowca

lai'tvi.

lightly reduced

n height to

thus, the character with its

accent fits

by the normal

unaccentet

When 1
can be fun

w cap accents
lished. The ext

isfactory, high
quired in addin

'the^ccert

to a full h

right ca

it necessary to

change the

nold, so that the <
the smooth edge of the slug without trimming off. This necessi-
tates casting a given size on a body two points larger than stand-
ard up to 14 point, and approximately four points larger than
standard on display faces.

High cap accents cannot be cast in display faces larger than

30 point, as a full 36 point body is required for ascending and

haracters. However, where caps only are used-or

caps and figures alone-high cap accents may be cast in display

In two-letter display faces, 18 and 24 point, only low cap ac-

In lining faces, only high cap accents are supplied for the larg-

room for the accent above the character without reducing the
size of the character.

whether they
or pi. Unless
i, they will be furnished to run pi.

ays specify point size and triangle numbe
(for example, 6A406 Universal Inferior or 5A356 Universal Su
perior). In addition, a sample character should accompany th

For detailed information regarding Superior and Inferic
Characters, refer to the Linotype One-Line Specimen Book.
Special Characters. Special characters are frequently ordere
— -Afferent publication date:

ir Uni-

scontinued. Then

imber, the source from whicl

lould be entered on the order

Key to Matrix Terms

1. Teeth. Projections on the inside of the triangular opening
at the top of the matrix. There are seven of these teeth on either
side. The teeth which are left in are called the tooth combination.
As the matrix travels along the distributor bar, it is supported by
corresponding teeth on the bar. At a predetermined point, the
teeth on the bar are cut away. The matrix, being no longer sup-
ported, drops through the channel entrance and to its proper
place in the magazine. A matrix with all the teeth in is called a
"pi" matrix, and passes all the combinations on the distributor
bar, falling down the pi chute to the pi stacker.

2. Bar Point Slot. This is a slot projecting downward toward
the bottom of the matrix. The object is to make all matrices of the
same thickness at this one point. The slot registers with the pro-
jecting blade on the distributor box bar to prevent the lifting of
two matrices at one time into the distributing screws.

3. Regular Position. This denotes the character in the regular
or normal position of a two-letter matrix. Matrices from 4 to 24
point can be supplied with two characters. Above 24 point only

4. Auxiliary Position. This denotes the character in the auxil-
iary or raised position. Characters on one-letter display matrices,
16 to 60 point, are also in the auxiliary position.

5. Lugs. These are sometimes called "ears." They are made to
a certain thickness according to the magazine channel in which
the matrix is to run. The lugs are the guiding points of the matrix
throughout its travel. The lower lug (on the character side) de-
termines the horizontal alignment of the character in the matrix,
for this lug banks against the aligning groove in the mold body.

6. Font Slot. This is a small slot in the bottom of the matrix
for use on single distributor machines. In conjunction with the
automatic font distinguisher, it prevents wrong fonts from enter-
ing the magazine.

7. Bridge Notch. A slightly larger opening than the font slot.
It is used in conjunction with the matrix bridge on multiple dis-
tributor Linotypes to permit the matrix to distribute to its proper

8. Bevel Notch. A notch cut in matrices for Models such as 9
16 and 17, and used to prevent two matrices from being lifted at
one time into the distributor screws.

9. Clearance Cut. This is a feature of Linotype matrices. It
protects the side walls of matrices as they are assembled.

10. Triangle Number. The triangle is the trade-mark of the
Mergenthaler Linotype Company. The number before the tri-

triangle indicates the name of the matrix face. The entire mark!
ing should always be given when ordering matrices.

12. Face Lines. The*

assembled. ° ° P6ra °'

wrong k X T" " luy faces ' wrong fl

since the face lines are on the reference side of the matri:
13. Bevel Cut. An angle cut used on larger matrices
\stribution.

Alignment of Linotype Characters

r

a _.

r
f

r
a

r
3
3

t alignment flap
with respect to the open-

Linotype matrix characters are punched on three different
alignments as shown in the above illustration. These are called
regular alignrn, lent and high alignment.

The matrices shown in the illustration are from left to right,
4 to 14 point two-letter, 18 to 36 point one-letter, 48 to 60 point
one-letter, 18 point two-letter and 24 point two-letter. When

easting from the type characters of thea

appropriate mold, the operator moves the
of the first elevator slide filling piece o" *
tion; this correctly locates the charac 1
ing in the mold when the slug is cast

Note that when casting from the regular position characters,
the first elevator slide filling piece (flap) is not used (no flap).
When casting from the auxiliary position of 4 to 14 point two-
letter matrices and 18 to 36 point one-letter matrices, one flap is
used to correctly align the characters with the mold opening. The
auxiliary position characters of 4 to 14 point matrices can also
be assembled on the duplex rail in the assembling elevator in-
stead of using "one flap", to obtain the correct alignment. When
characters in high alignment position are cast (48 to 60 point and
auxiliary position characters of 18 and 24 point two-letter mat-
rices), two flaps are used to correctly align the characters.

ro-letter Regular

Regular None

Auxiliary (High) Two

Auxiliary (High) — Two

Regular None

Auxiliary One

16 to 42 One-letter Auxiliary

48 to 60 One-letter Auxiliary (High)

18 to 30 Advertising Regular

Figure
36 to 48 Advertising

Relation of Matrices to Molds

To illustrate how the characters in the three different align-
ment positions are cast, the following diagrams of molds and the
relation of matrices to these' molds will be useful. The molds
shown are those in general use, and the matrices shown are two-
letter 4 to 14 point, one-letter display, regular' and special adver-
tising figures, 18 and 24 point two-letter display and 60 point
display matrices. r

All two-letter molds, including the two-letter display, have the
same alignment m regular position. The process of assembling
and casting is identical in each case. See relation of regular two-
let er and two-letter display characters to constant edge of molds
A , Diagram 1. The same r. ; n 3 and 7. '

Since the characters in the regular position of two-letter d;,-
in the same relative position on the mai

fa°

two-lette

faces (4
ily be s

to 14 point), and regular advertising
en that such faces can be cast on the

10-point matrix ca
mold either alone

is, the
n be cas
or in the

haracter in the regular position of a
on the 18-24 point two-letter display
same line with the 18-24 point faces,
top of the characters.) The 18 or 24

(Alignm

nt will be at the

point regular posit

also be cast overhanging on
ither alone or in conjunction

7

a regula.
with twc

-letter 4 t

3 14 poin

t faces'.

The character shown in Diagram No. 3 may be either a regular
advertising figure or a character from the regular position of a
two-letter display face.

Attention is called to the fact that the distance from the lower
lug of the matrix to the constant edge of mold ("A", Diagram 1)
represents the regular alignment position. All characters line up
at the top of the slug, which is represented in the diagram by the

Diagrams 2, 4 and 5 show the auxiliary position character as it
contacts the mold. These may be characters in the auxiliary posi-
tion of 4 to 14 point two-letter matrices, one-letter display mat-
rices, or special The correct molds, of course,
must be used. Note that the auxiliary position character of two-
letter display matrices cannot be cast on this type of m
'>etween the regular aligr '

The distance between the regular aligni]
1) and the auxiliary aligning rail ("B", Diaj
this is the thickness of the regular first elev

or slide filling piece
position, the lugs of

rices are pulled up against the auxiliary aligning rail
character is correctly positioned on the slug,
agrams 6 and 8 show the matrix contacting the mold in
alignment or two flap position.

ferring to Diagram No. 6, notice that the body sectio

' ;d"C" is not as wide "

J is the same as the 45 ]

of two-letter display fa

ix to provide room for a

mold. Although the auxiliary charactt
point character,

both regular and auxiliary characters.
hould be noted that while the regular and auxiliary position
:ters of 4 to 14 point two-letter matrices can be mixed in
me line, the regular and auxiliary (high alignment) position
Dters of 18 and 24 point two-letter display matrices cannot

alignment position of the auxiliary character of the
day matrix is the same as that of 48, 54 and 60
nt faces, the same first elevator slide filling piece (two flaps) is
d for both conditions. When the auxiliary position of 4-14 point
>letter and 18-42 point one-letter faces is to be cast, one flap
rsed. When casting from the auxiliary (high alignment) posi-

of leaders available in dot and hyphen styles,
; in depth and punching and in set width ma
:arly indicate the exact style desired. When oi

>e. Give the point size and triangle number of

Kind of leaders. Note the di

tinction in kir

)le and select to meet require

Style of leaders. Dot or strok

- ?H ="

lots or strokes. En styles carry half
the number of dots or strokes of their respective em styles. Check
the summary list carefully before ordering.

CHARACTERISTICS, MARKS AND STYLES AVAILABLE

Regular: (no special mark)-match the weight of face with
which they are used and cast type high. Available in two, four

l:(mark,UL)-forb

i.,bl

ng work. Th

B weight

of the face with which

fi-c-

IreustdTh

regard-

.003"

hallower than

,h.

will not

thro

""''"?

lable in two

:l'n

irk, or UL)-us

a win.

the Regula

or Uni-

ur dots or stro

band is used i

the In

e. Ha

aders, availabl

rnqu

irter-

8 to 14

mark, NP)-the

round

Into

hyphen leader, .005"

type high to ii

ching throug

h paper.

5)-round dot style only, made wit

ress blank

sr than type high. Available in two dots to th

Dash Leaders: (mark, DL)-these cast a continuous, unbroken
line. These hairline dashes are punched to cast type high. Be-
cause they present an uninterrupted printing surface to the paper,
they minimize any tendency to punch through. They are .004 in
weight and are available in em and en widths.

Leader Aligning Dashes: (mark, LAD)-cast a continuous, un-
broken line and are exceptionally useful in jobbing work.
Punched to cast type high, they are supplied in four widths: 2.
i and 12 points, in all standard alignments. Available i

weights ol

two-point .028.

Jobbing Lead.

weight of dot or

.021 for 9 to 14!

The table shi

"Linotype Mati

f-point .007, one-point .014, or

vith Character No. and A354)-
-width of character is uniform in
:s to 3, 6 and 12 point; punched
l to minimize punching through.
)-cast one or two dots, punched
3 weights: .018 for 4 to 8 point,

± <ch<

Kind

n

Style

^ Quantit)
+ (fill in)

□ Regular

□ Universal-UL

□ Newspaper-NP

□ Radial-S5

□ Dash-DL*

□ Oversize-OS

□ 2 dots . . to em

□ 4 dots .... to em

□ 6 dots — to em
D 2 strks „ to em

□ 4 strks .... to em

□ 6 strks to em

En Leaders

Em Leaders. ...
EmLdrsinffi.

Em Spaces ....
Em Spcs in ffl

N leaders

2 pts. .0277...

3 pts. .041 5...
6 pts. .0833...

12 pts. .1666.

i pt. .0035...
i pt. .0069...
1 pt. .0138...
li pt. .021 ...

Figures

Figure Design. It is important to note the design of the two
styles of figures available with old style faces: old style and
modernized.

OLD STYLE FIGURES

1234567890

Old Style figures have ascenders and descenders, and have the

modeled serifs and tapering thick and thin strokes, characteristic

of old style type faces.

MODERNIZED FIGURES

1234567890

Modernized figures are old style figures brought to a common
alignment, with the shapes of the 1, 2 and changed accordingly.

The style desired should always be specified on supply orders
and machine specifications.

Figure sizes. It is our practice to make figures, spaces, and all
table characters in new faces on a true-set basis, with the pica em
of .166 as the standard unit.

The width of the largest figures which run in the various maga-

90-channel, regular channels 1107

90-channel, ad. fig. channels 166

72-channel .... 2075

Wide 72-channel' . . .' 249

28-ch'a'nntl BaZm .' ! . S 218

34-channel, left side 249

34-channel, right side ; 221

Wide 34-channel, left side 315

Wide 34-channel, right side 311

Wide 34-channel, center 190

In some display faces (for 90-channel magazine) it is necessary
to make the figures on a wider set, running from .1245 to .166.
Figures in these fonts will have to be cut to run "pi" or in the
Advertising Figure Layout (Diagram No. 32). Do not fail to in-
dicate plainly whether figures are to run "pi" or according to
Advertising Figure Layout.

Please note that it is possible to run only two sets of
figures in both the 34-channel and wide 34-chann.
magazines, including points, dollar and cent marks. If it is desired
to run the points, dollar and cent marks pi, three sets of advertis-
ing figures can be accommodated in the wide 34-channel auxil-

iary magazine,
nels limited to ,

Spaces

Spaces. Double figure spaces are furnished as em spaces,
in certain wide 14 .h the em space

will be supplied for em space channel,
largest space supplied as standard in any display font is
49", or 18 points. We have discontinued furnishing of
size .333" as standard for channel No. 30 of the 72-chan-
gazine and include in its place the .249" size. Further, as
ji;azine, the maxi-
ize of the spaces is .249", regardless of the figure size of

T-5040 will be charge

d.

Thin Spaces

.0385", .0415"

Regular thir
and .0484".

spaces measure

0277", .031

',.035",

Hair

do not have co

nb

the h

aeby

hand. Made in

.0035",

.007", .014" ar

'. Hair spaces are not

uded in

tandard

rdered separatelj

For purpose

el

s, with-

out teeth, size

.007"

.014'

and .021" are n

the small and

arge h

h a face line cu

The no

.021"-same position as No. 1, No. 4 and No. 7 face lines.
.0035"-unnotched.

1 8-and 24-Point Two-Letter Matrices

position is punched in the same position on the matrix as the
roman character in regular two-letter matrices, 4 to 14 point, in-
clusive. The Auxiliary character is in the high alignment position.
All Linotype 18 and 24 point two-letter matrices are assembled
at the regular (or lower) rail position in the assembling elevator,
the same as the roman position of 4 to 14 point two-letter mat-
rices. If casting is desired from the regular position, the first
®levator slide filling piece is placed out of position (no flaps). If
the face in the high alignment position is wanted, the first eleva-
tor slide filling piece is set to bring two flaps into position.

letter matrices can only be cast on a two-letter display mold. The

character in the regular position is cast on a two-letter display
mold but may all gtog on a regular advertising

n of 18-j»int

: characters in the regular position of 18- or 24-point two-
work, the same .. advertising figures punched
in the regular po: vr mold is used.
Characters in the auxiliary position can be cast on the special
display mold with the auxiliary position characters of

two-letter display
to 14-point face.

FerXtfmoTd 0ilaraCterf

Point System

of Leads and Slugs

Prior b

matter of type sta
andry would not ju

86, each typefounder

Minder w
:andards. Brevier, for example, made by
indry woui< ier from another foundry.

The pica "em" in use up to that time had been obtained by divid-
ing an inch into six parts, equaling, decimally, .1665a". When the
present point system of the American Type Fou: ' '

" lu r ni '""

andard "t

s-twelfth of the r

le point, .01383. One-

Of

Didot System. The Didot point measures .01483 of an inch.
The Didot unit is the Cicero, which equals 12 corps, or .178 of
an inch. The American (Linotype) unit is the pica em, measuring
12 point, or .166 of an inch. The Didot system of measurement is
used in France and in most of the countries of continental Europe,
and is commonly known as the French system.

Mediaan System. The Mediaan point measures .01374 of an
inch, and the Mediaan em or Cicero .1649 of an inch. This point
system is used in Belgium. Mediaan height to paper is .934.

Bridge Notching

Linotype Mixer Machines with Fixed Bridge. On these ma-
chines, the upper distributor box is fitted with a fixed bridge which
can be changed when necessary. The matrix is lifted into the
distributor screws and rides on the distributor box rails to the
bridge. If the matrix is notched to cor
respond to the bridge projections, it wil
drop over the bridge projections so that th<
matrix teeth will not engage the distributor
bar teeth. Then, after crossing the bridge, it
falls through a chute to the lower distributor i,
box which feeds the upper magazine.

If the matrix is supported by any bridge t

with the teeth. itor bar _| I , ^

and be carried to the lower magazine. Thus LUt||IiI|I|iiI|JJ
any font whose bridge notches do not match J)J ill

m^et Se wm mn i0 i nS ' a ' S ° *"* Um "' tched 87654321
On Linotype mixer Models 29, 30, 35 and 36 using the fixed

of one notch bet iwever, notches

of double width, such as 3-4 or 4-5, etc., will be supplied if spe-
cifically ordered. For Models 25 and 26, matrices us
three notches to match bridges. However, matrices for Models
25 and 26 can also be supplied with one or two notches to match
a bridge having one or two projections.

When matrices are bridge notched for Linotype mixer ma-
a fixed bridge, only the matrices running in the

upper e

: of Mod

and third main magazines of Models 29, 30,
lotched. Matrices for the lower magazine of

ipper auxiliary magazine of Model 26 (with

of Models 30 and 36 are cut with notches 2 to 7 inclusive to dr<
on any bridge which might be used. Matrices for lower auxilia
magazines of a pair do not require bridge notches.

Models Having a Movable Bridge. The separation of matric
in such Models is controlled by a single bridge projection whii
is positioned by an indicator dial. Since only two adjacent mag

single bridge projection to correspond to a
s in the upper position, which does not ap-
in the lower position. The matrices from the
the bridge and pass t -1

while the i

atrices from the lo

will

pear in th<
upper ma,
upper

The location and size of the bridge notches for m
in these models, is the same as for those
the fixed bridge. Only one notch is used :

Matrix Bridges. When ordering the fix
specify the model and serial number of
chine and give the number of the project:
bridge for Model 25 No. - with bridge p ,
trix bridge for Model 35 No. ~ with bridge notch project

Matrices used on a Model 9 mixer Linotype must havi
notch in addition to bridge notches for separating fonti ___
various magazines. The bridge notches are in a different location
than those in matrices for Models 25, 26, 29, 30, 35 and 36. When
ordering bridges for the Model 9, be sure to mention the model
in addition to specifying the bridge projections desired.

Bridge Notch and Font Slot Locations. The facsimile diagrams
shown may be used as gauges to identify the bridge notch or font
slot in matrices which are to run in the Models 25, 26, 29, 30, 35
and 36. Please note that bridge notches 1 and 8 are only to ta

m Models having

id type of matrix bridge,

>n required; i.e., matrix

;tion3.
a bevel

6, 10%, 12, 24, 48
5%, 9, 18, 36, 54

Accented Characters

Listed below are all accented characters required in the print-
ing of all languages to which the Linotype is adapted.

Standard Accents. The following characters are available in all
faces, in all point sizes and will be supplied at sorts prices of the

AAAAAAAA4

£>Dd'

6000000(3
6666666^0006
Rft$ffr

ss§§

EEEEEEEE
eeeeeee?

ssss

f Jit

GGGggg

tJtruUuCttv

1 1 1 i 1 1 1 i i 1 1 1 i 1

uuuuuuiii}

Kk

Yy

L E L L 1 1 1 r

tltzzi

rng

3&p£ESsh>ij

tf N N >J n n n n ng

17

34-Channel Auxiliary Magazine

Wide 34-Channel Auxiliary Magazine

ry Magazine 28-Chann<

TWO-LETTER AND DISPLAY FACES

BASKERVILLE

talic and Small Caps

.4 (Caps')— 3, 4W, 5, 22. 23W. 24

BELL GOTHIC

8M410, 7A188. */S508

BENEDICTINE

25w, 26 (16 Poll

11— 2mw, 6, 7, 8, 10, llmw, 13, 16, If
169— 2mw, 6, 7, 9Q, llmw, 13, 16, 18, 2
166-7, S.'sbQX, 13, 16, 18, 21nW34 Po

Ss££

^Iton-

Lvftvi

"i/pJit'j

Ugnment^

— °

li'SSK

gas

10*326, K4298, I4A174. 1*426, M426

3SA123— 13qx' (Caps pi

44 (Caps)— 3, 4QW. 5D, 22, 23W, 24
32 (Caps)— 22T, 24

BOLD FACE NO. 9

CARD ITALIC
CASLON

J4A54 (Caps?— 221

40 (Caps)— 3R, 4QW, 5D, 22. 23W, 24

32 (Caps)— 3R, 5D, 22, 23W, 24*

1— 7mp,' 8mpQX2r'l3QZ, 18 C34 Point A\

' 24, 25, 26 l&

0, 11, 12MW, 13, 15dv, 18, 18,

CENTURY

Expanded with Italic and Small Cap.

zes— 4M, 8442, 7A88, *A26, »A58, 10416, 1.

CLASSIFIED

Ml Display

36M37-7, 8r9QXZ,T3QX, 16. 18, 21 (34 Point Alio*

2JA12— 2, 6, 7, 9,'l0,'ll, 13, 15dv, 16, 'isTiSlT, 2

ELECTRA

(£162— 1, 2, 3QR! 5DR, 6, 7, :

02 (Caps)— 3. 4MW. 5,

FRANKLIN GOTHIC

04 (Caps)— 3R. 5D, 22, 23W, 24
o. IS, One-Letter

R, 4QW, 5D, 22,'23CW, 24
Trade Gothic Bold with Light

Trade Gothic Light with Italic

GOTHICS (LINING)

GRANJON

Granjon with Italic and Small Caps

Point Sizes— «A372, S4386, 94142. 10i31S, 114

(Long descenders available in all point sizes)

12A288 (Caps)— 3, 4W, 5, 22, 23W, 24

.

1 JA192 (Caps)— 3R, 4W, 5D, 22, 23W, 24

. Helveti - HELVETICA

• Point Sizes— SA698, 10A698, 12A698

Ionic N. 5 with Italic '° N,C

Ionic Ho. 5 with Italic and Small Caps

Point Sizes— 5426, 514444, «4302, 6H46,

124320 (Caps)— 3, 4W, 5, 22, 23W, 24

ionic No. 5 with Bold Face No. 2

Point Sizes-^424, 5i4442, 64288, »y 2 42.

7y 2 42", S4382, «%412", »4112

124368 (Caps)— 3, 4W, 5, 22, 23W, 24

Iff^S^^vvV"""

£&&

„V 8 '

_„ M (22 "0

JANSON

12A318 (Caps)— 3, 4W, 5, 22, 23W, 24

1*4178 (Caps)— 22T, 24

LINING FACES

39

LINO SCRIPT
LINO TEXT

MAJESTIC
MARKET GOTHIC

MONTICELLO

lie and Small Caps (7 Point Alignnn

it Alignment) with 10 Poi

NO. 4

NO. 6
NO. 10

NO. 16

40 <Caps)^3," 4QW, 5D, 22,23W, 24

NO. 18
NO. 19

th Antique Black No. 1

OLD STYLE NO. 1

Id Style No. 1 *

OLD STYLE NO. 7

REMINGTON TYPEWRITER

>n Typewriter No. 4 with Underscore
RYERSON CONDENSED

SCOTCH NO. 2

12A374 (Caps)— 3R, 4W, 5D, 22,

w tf:a*!L»ar

S4 (Caps)— 3, 4W, 5, 23, S3W. 2*

Spartan Heavy Italic

>k Condensed with 18 Pt. Spartan Be
SPARTAN DUPLICATE

Textype Bold with Italic

ntSizes-^Sy 2 474\ 8;

14A3181 (Caps)— 3RQ, 5DV, 22T, 24'

UNDERWOOD TYPEWRITER

ar Cap Layout.)

!■

§ | *

|

r MATRICES FOR NEWSPAPER t

Set Alphbt

TELETYPESETTER BOOK OT1 ^°. S J™J N tM on

■

esetter unit basis.
BVa point alignment

Linotype Font Schemes

Linotype Font Schemes have been revised and simplified to
help you meet the diversified requirements of a materially in-

Pa The tabular arrangement of font schemes makes comparison
easy. The quantit I ! ch group of characters-caps

posed by differei schemes are in-

cluded in ihe tables following. Suggested matrix quantities, based

may easily be dc roups from main

magazine funis. The- SUMMARY tabulations for each scheme

and ligatures frc i istance, may be

D, U E, e F or'c (ai groups from X)

to make up a special font. Similar flexibility is possible with
SCHEMES H, I, J, K or L. Variation in group selections is re-
stricted to main magazine fonts (A to G and H to L), and is not
suggested for other fonts.

Altering the )i specific char-

acters, however, would introduce service delays attendant upon
forming fonts character-by-character and matrix-by-matrix. Also,
such random font schemes often prove impractical in operation.

For convenience and utility, three special sorts-and-fraction
groups have been developed to meet differing requirements.
These are detailed in SCHEME X.

INDEX OF LINOTYPE FONT SCHEMES

Scheme Matrices Magazine and Type Classification

INDEX OF LINOTYPE FONT SCHEMES-(Cont.)

90-channel, thiee-quar

< OF LINOTYPE FONT

ROMAN with BOLD or ITALIC and DISPLAY

MAIN-DIAGRAM 12 or «H

SSTn m.w.

!;i;; 1 1 J ,

10 10 8 3 3

1 1 [ !

! :::::::: ! s li

; |I SI 1

Hi!

60

Anas

ROMAN with HOLD or ITALIC and »ISPLAY-(Cont.)

ROMAN with BOLD or ITALIC and DISPLAY-(Cont.)

—

siS?

- IB- i S

STi | ! E = = E E E E

__ -i f _ —

TeTe

ps i |" E E.' E E E E E E

EEEE

r rr r:

2. , P 00 £ 5£

SUMMARY

106 106 65 2 65

ROMAN with BOLD or ITALIC and DISPLAY-(Cont.)
Font Scheme X-SORTS and FRACTIONS (Running "Pi")

J

]

j

J

E ! !e

U . 1 j

SoubU. Dagger

V" ' \

wtSy-two'mMnSrt"

ROMAN with ITALIC and SMALL CAPS

ROMAN with ITALIC and SMALL CAPS-(Cont.)

ROMAN with ITALIC and SMALL CAPS-(Cont.)

ROMAN with ITALIC and SMALL CAPS-(Cont.)

Font Scheme X-S

ORTS and FRACTIONS (Running "Pi")

I \

Double Dagger t

sSmn" "i s 4 3

2 I

LINING FACES

LINING FACES-(Cont)

Cap

"""'dIAGRM 98

DIAGRAM 138

oSe P M F a°gaSnS

2 One P MafaSne

?Surfsp c a e ce'::::

8

= » =r

1 =

Figure Dash

1:

j r -

ROMAN with BOLD or ITALIC and DISPLAY
(FRACTIONS KEYBOARDED)

j sj 1 1 1

2 230

I 1

I 1 1

i!s u spacr e IS IS IS

1 is i

69

pic J

= = = = =

| 1 1 f M

12 8 - - -

How's your image . . .

APPEARANCE-WISE

product deserves good p£

thinking? Make your offset typography as good as
your halftones with Linofilm Quick's low-cost photo-
composition. Appearance-wise you will be amazed.

| Mergenthaler |

A Genuine Linotype Matrix

IS MANUFACTURED TO TOLERANCES OF .0002"
S THE PRODUCT OF 58 MANUFACTURING OPERATIONS

MUST PASS 33 RIGID INSPECTIONS

E IDENTIFICATION NUMBERS

Face Identification Nun

Face Identification Numbers— (Cont.)

.. . .

6A176 No 6 11B w. Gothic 6i28b Ioni^No" 5 w° B. f'. No. 2

77

:e Identification Numbers— (Cont.)

tGotWc^No.^i.Caps

Face Identification Numbers— (Co

8 po)nt _ (Conl) TW °- LE

rTER S-Point-COmt.)

1-m Gou n h u s 'p c \

: \v w. It.

8A420 Baskerville w. It. & S. C.

w. B. F. No. 2

81

entification Numbers— (Con

8A450 Memphis Light \s

entification Numbers

Face Identification Numbers— (Cont.)

Face Identification Numbers— (Cont.)

10A420 Bengali Light & B(

Face Identification Numbers— (Cont.

umbers— (Cont.)

ce Identification Numbers— (Cont

Face Identification Numbers— (Con

;e Identification Numbers— (Cont.)

Face Identification Numbers— (Cont.)

in Numbers— (Cont.)

ce Identification Numbers— (Cont.)

ek Erbar Light Cond.

te Identification Numbers— (Cont.)

38A59 Cl;is.-i-

A Genuine Linotype Mold

IS MANUFACTURED TO TOLERANCES AS FINE AS .0002"
IS THE PRODUCT OF 79 MANUFACTURING OPERATIONS

MUST PASS 94 SEPARATE INSPECTIONS

Mergenthaler E

A Genuine Linotype Mold Disk

IS OF A UNIQUE ONE PIECE CONSTRUCTION
REQUIRES 26 OPERATIONS TO MANUFACTURE

MUST PASS 30 QUALITY CONTROL INSPECTIONS

IS PRODUCED IN TWO BASIC TYPES
WITH HUNDREDS OF VARIATIONS

HAS BEEN MADE BY MERGENTHALER LINOTYPE COMPANY
FOR OVER 77 YEARS

Mergenthaler

Times (and typesetting)
have changed.

For example, consider the assembling elevator on
a linecasting machine. The Linotype Elektron has
made it obsolete. With no assembling elevator
rise-and-fall to delay matrix delivery, continuous
assembly becomes possible. That's why no other
linecaster can match Elektron's speed and per-
formance. Your Linotype Production Engineer will
gladly give you the full story on Elektron. Or write
to Mergenthaler Linotype Company, 29 Ryerson
Street, Brooklyn, New York.

Mergenthaler!

THE SAME TAPE (standard 6-level) runs
your Linotype whether you use Mergenthaler's
Linomatic Operating Unit or not. Linotypes run
more efficiently, though, with the Linomatic. And
Linomatic adapts easily to any Linotype with a
swing-out keyboard. Locate the control assembly

near the Linotype, the tape reader up to .325 feet

avvay — in another room or on an-
other floor. The control assembly

connects with mechanical decoder

by cables. Circuitry is simpler,

far more dependable (solid-state

components replace tubes). The

mechanical decoder fits neatly

behind the keyboard and works

directly on the keyboard weights.

Keyboard Diagrams

On the following pages are shown seventeen of the more ver-
satile and most ;s. They provide
a variety to cover practical operating layouts for all models of
Linotypes, thei ling on the face
desired and the type of magazine to be used. Many others de-
veloped to mcii :ts are not shown

Departure from standard layouts should be avoided where
possible because of channel-size limitations and the possibilih
of error in ordering specially-cut characters.

Index of Keyboard Diagrams*

e>>

CD*

run s

run =
EH*
E3»
EG'

CO

do

no

CO

[MU S
DP
EO

co

CO

\a±\s

eh*

[EH'

cz>

CO
GO

; co

ez^;eo

Egg CO

-Ilfp

d fl 1 si

i illfl
flliii

I

no- 5? no

CD. E 3 ' E3,
EH" EE> m=

m« m ra .

a* gem

m-^. ca-
ts- 1 — '

= IliS

II ill

CO
CO'

run -.
co

CO

co-
co

CO'
CO'

co^

CO
CO'
CO-
CO-

CO 3
CO'
CO'
CD
CO*
CO !
CO'
CO'
ir>
Er>
CO*
CO

co

CO-
CO'

co^ 8
co^
co m
co ras

,co^>

co^
co^>

'CO^'

CO'

CO

"CO*
CO

m c

°c
co^

co^

CO

CO
CO

co^
co^
co
co L

co

*ilK3!i!2j

silPliili

en-™*

ce>eo-

GQ.CEK

1 1=

c~>

roT]=

Ed*

EH=

l_L>

EH*

L^J S

n=~i«

EU*

p-} S

^j s

r— 1=

Lj a

FH=

LUJ»

FH-

EJ*

m«

EJ*

rn*

^*

nri=

L*>

n=->

LiJ=

rn

L°>

m

ElJ*

i

EE*

EZ>

££]■

CE3=
GE>

EE>

CO

llllll

DE> ra ' go

an-™"

cs> ^ s ro

EE> 5^ C5>

lis

I If II

EEP
BET"

FTSl a

CD'

CX>

n/r>
nin -

CE>

[Z>
Q«
CO>

rrn *
ran -
□D
□£}

ED'

CD'Pq ED'

cz>

GD-

a

CD*

m
en-

1 5a '^s

IP!

DE>™ S

:-,-;, EH*

V ■■ H£>

e^^

DO™ 5

ebe?

■".e;> "" ""' [

Fgzl '
USD"

E0«

en.

^ |(PU.| 8
[* 0J5

Islliil

SHllii

no™ 8

Htf CEI]s
^ EE>

^ HE]"

GO GO-

CS>.CE>

-,.[»>

CK>DE>m C33,

:«:

s>

ten-

cz>

■i — CH-E 3,

CO

cs>

ipssl

ill:

e>ce>

HP CEE]S
ill ^ S

'm ra3 5n s m

cd°

EZ >

CZ>
E3=

E>CE>gCX>

CO

m-

mi

? 8 9*^85

Illlill

CH> t=E=li! rs> S3' .™ [»>

1 1 litlilil ll

fiil! s fip.&

ss|g|s

a Ma

C2>aD " .^
— cooo^'

qq. DE> L ~ J '
CEJ..C53"

s£€l

! i 5 s f 1 1
s 1 1 ? a 1 1

I a * g ~ s m

Ilfiifi

117

s ro

8 EE>

nr*a>

s ra L

r«v

.^>

E5>

„cz>

□D

[3D-

l~Nl

ran?

E^:

„CZ3

nn-

G3*

DD-

&83 SS S A

||l.s||
ig-sf II

Iliifi

» I dill

E sis «c^ •

.5 « » B E « 5
§ §3- 83 1 |S

If fill I

CE> m DSD-™'

r^,. cz> L - >

, , rin-SJ-

E>™"

5iSS6

Sllfl

fills

■9 l||s!

S « I -i 1 1 £

• SI 1 III
iljifl

EE>E>
OE>OD-

E3

DO

EI>
DO
EE>
CO
d>
1X1-

I*

ll

: a

ill

lis

EZl-
□D
run s
nn =
CE>

CD*

cz>

CO
rsn -

QO'

cz>

m«

CO
CO
CO
CO
HE].
EE>
CO
CO
CD*

cz>

co
nn =
CE>
nE>

CO

CO

CO
q.

CO
CO
ran *
E>

co

[53.

So 10

00*25 CO

q»^;co
cog 8 co

co^co

CO 1 — '

I'll
3 hs

3 fBtl

111!

the care and
maintenance of
MATRICES

thedefinit

"a mold in which printers' letters are cast." The matrix thus as-
sumes a position of paramount importance to the printer, for the
ultimate quality of his product lies in the perfection of the type

chine. It has been a<

d by using matrix

its own particular
ooth combination"

atrix and distributor bar make it
matrices to find their proper mag-
nels properly and automatically.

,e proper fun

The importance of proper matrix care cannot be stressed too
strongly. There are some fundamental conditions which should be
kept in mind. Intelligent, frequent inspection of matrices and
mechanisms affecting their operation will contribute to continued
satisfaction. On the pages that follow are some useful pointers.

TO SAFEGUARD MATRIX TEETH

The matrix should travel from one position or transfer point to

. the segments
a perfectly coordinated distributing mecha-

Under ordinary conditions, the matrix tooth combination will
last for years. However, it is possible to ruin a set ot matrices in a
chnrt time bv burring or dan ramage to room

fombiraons^s invarfably due to bad alignment at one or possibly
all the various transfer points.

There are tin
transferred at three distinct points where the teeth are involved.

The first transfer is from the first elevator jaw to the second
elevator bar at ii ;ition in the first

elevator jaw at line up with the

nosier to the bar can be obtained without
binding. Then « at the bottom of the first

elevator slide, on the right hand side, ^ ra^S™ ^ e ™ e diate
ehanneUaik^Cld be perfect. Thu'wflT take caTe of the vertical

— »,:,. ;' c cmr, and is just slid-

ments from the standpoint of the matrix teeth; it should be
handled with cai .parallel with the channels.

The second elevator bar should be perfectly smooth and free from
burrs, as should the other two bars along which the matrix must

should"!^ adjusted that the second elevator bar will line up
with the distributor box bar.

The third transfer is from distributor box rails to distributor bar.
These rails shoi -<- with one another. Place a

matrix on the distributor box rails and ""y^*^"^^;
thatfte matrk the distributor box rails, will

transfer freely on to the distributor bar.

Perfect aligm ' the aboveme , n "

tioned points. In the interest of the long lif
advantage of the Linotype

REPAIRING DAMAGED LUGS

of matrices become bent, straighte

:

"^ At^rightlTatoarSr; maK

onTy oLf S^atety 1 elg^cuM

£°ll Ial£s"^ y '»Hobari

PREVENTIf

JG HAIRLINES

Care should b

e taken to pre

erve side walls of matrices. When

they are damage
One of the m

d, hairlines w

ill show in the printed matter.

uses of damaged side walls is the

excessive use of

oil on the felt

of the back mold wiper or around

perfectly justified line there is
between the matrices, but no

aways a slight amount of air space
t enough to permit metal to pass

through. Howev

er, hot oil ha

a peculiar capillary attraction for
mold wiper will flow ahead of hot

hot metal. Oil f

om the back

metal, through
matrices. Under

into small air spaces between the

track of hot oil between the r

natrices and in time adhere to the

on the side walls will gradually
rushed; then fins or hairlines will

build up until t

he walls are

If spacebands are not cleaned regularly, and if metal is allowed

against the side walls of the matrices. During the process of justi-
fication, when the line is wedged tight between vise jaws, this will
* 'Is being crushed " J

; during every eight hours o

riea,

To clean spaeebands, use a soft pine r.
Dixon's Graphite No. 635. Rub the sleeve

ight show at the casting point. If the
with a piece of brass.

;s of the matrices will
nes against them. Thi:
jut of adjustment and

the jaws, it should be j
r slide to remove a matrix from
nachine backward. Care should

CLEANING MATRICES

is about five inches in diameter and is designed to fit on the arbor
of any standard composing-room saw. The holder of the matrices
is 20 inches long. With this equipment a font of matrices can be
cleaned in a vei ., at r j„ nt an gl es

to the buffer it is possible to clean the gum from the sides of the
lugs except on

%"hole (X-1673),andwithall/16"hole (X-1674). The holder
is listed as X-1672.

Another method of cleaning matrices is Dixon Matrix Refer-
ence Cleaner (X-1604). Place a row of matrices on a type galley

lower lugs. If the lugs have gum on the sides, it may be necessarv
to rub the matrices over a soft felt to remove it.

Graphite should never be used on the matrices or in the maga-
zine. It may make the matrices drop well for a short time but in
damp weather is likely to cause gum to accumulate.

the excessive use of oil, particularly on the distributor 'screw
bearings. At no time should oil show on the screws, as it eventu-
ally gets on matrices and into magazines. One drop of good quali-
ty oil in each bearing every two weeks should be sufficient.

THE TREATMENT OF NEW MATRICES

used in outstanding Linotypes, precautionary measures should be
taken. For years, Linotype has issued the following instructions
in each box of fonts of matrices. Adherence to these simple rules

Magazines and spacebands should be thoroughly cleaned.
Spacebands which are rounded or damaged at the casting edge,
or which have the slightest particle of metal adhering to the

Spacebands which have been bent and improperly straightened
(that is, wedges with kinks or buckles in them) will positively per-
mit metal to flow between the wedge and the adjoining matrix.

All spacebands should be carefully micrometered and inspected
with a knife straight edge for rounded corners on the sleeves.

:r at the casting point on the spaceband

no'case should bands be used which are
e. Examine bands with a knife straight
; of hairline rule if a straight edge is not
of the sleeve at the casting point is
ould be applied. Otherwise, metal will
ting point of the sleeve when used with

If necessary, both front lockup adjustments should be inspected
and properly corrected.

On old machines it is possible to secure satisfactory results with
spacebands which are worn and rounded and with front lockup
adjustments slis • o of the gradual building up

of false side walls on matrices, and the fact that this condition of
-ually.R

They should sho

and on the front c

side up to .0005

edge, or with an

available. If the

rounded, new si

quickly gather a

the

need beca!

tailed, trouble will surely be ex
itions in the machine and space

Before using new matrices in an old machine, vise jaws should
be checked for squareness; after a number of years service these
jaws will show wear, causing hairlines. To avoid this condition, it
is advisable to have vise jaws reground.

At the face alignment position of the machine, you should be
able to lift the first elevator by hand .010 inch; this measurement
should not be exc. tter 18 and 24 point matrices

are used, this figure is reduced to .005 inch. This test is to be made

Carefully set the Pump Lever Stop Lever so that, when the line

st elevator link eyebolts and nuts, upper and lower, should
ecked; if they show undue wear they should be replaced.
her important points that should be checked are the back
ront mold wipers. Oil in any form used at these points will

metal to collect on the side of the matrix, crush the sidewall,
esult in hairlines.

not use oil on pot pump plungers after cleaning them, nor
2 remelting furnaces in an attempt to burn dirt out of the

ADJUSTMENT OF MOLD CAM LEVER

betw^theface of the mold and the matrix when justification

takes place. Adjustmen

placed the old
adjustment of tl
first elevator bs

with thee

it, the

about 4 ems. When making 1 1 sential that the

first elevator slide and front jaw be in the machine.

Run machine to the point where the metal pot recedes from the
first pot lockup. With the driving motor turned off, slowly turn
machine forward by hand until the second mold cam shoe high
portion 83, is in contact with mold cam lever roll 91. This position
is just before the pot rocks forward for the second lockup, at which
point there should be a space of about 3/32" b'

not against the mold; such condition could result from impropi
adjustment of the back lock nut on the pot lever eyebolt.

Forcibly push the mold disk back so that roll 91 is in har
contact with second mold cam shoe 83; measure clearance be
tween face of the mold and back of the vise jaws. By setting tl
measure for about 4 ems, this gives a large area for using a thicl
ness feeler gauge between molds and jaws. This should be not le:
than .003" and not more than .005".

A
Tur

ck again
re taking

)11 91 being
it. Lock

100 with nut 101. Make

v ioo a.

while locking the nut.
After tightening nut 101 re-
check the clearance between
mold and vise jaws.

For Linotypes equipped
with the solid mold cam lever,
adjustment is made the same
way, except that mold c;

of s<

To Conserve The Life of Your Matrices

DO

Clean spacebands every eight hours of service.
Renew assemblins elevator matrix buffer when it becomes
i of nylon on the inside of the right-
plate, when won !he right-hand

Renew assembling elevator gate pawls, front and back, if worn.
They prevent the last matrix in the line from falling down and
damaging sidewalls and lugs.

from crushed sidewalls or those that are bent or have badly
bruised lugs. Such matrices will progressively damage the entire

matrices during circulation. Many such matrices can be repaired

covering the assembler block ) does not project inwardly beyond
the line of the inside edge of the large cover. Any projection will
cause matrix lugs to strike and raise a burr.

See that the pot pump stop is working freely and adjusted to
prevent casting short lines. A loosely justified line permits metal
to run between matrices and crush sidewalls, resulting in hairlines.

bar are free of burrs which may damage the combination teeth.

Pick up and promptly return to the magazine, matrices that fall
to the floor. Once stepped on or mixed with metal shavings, they
are sure to be damaged irreparably.

Make it a practice to take font proofs occasionally of all char-
acters cast in groups alphabetically. This will enable you to spot
and remove damaged matrices before they contaminate perfect

wheel's donoTpush matrices inside of assembler gate pawls and
detents, but cause them to fall back in the assembling elevator
and become clogged and damaged.

DO NOT

benzine or any volatile liquid is used for cleaning, arrange mat-
rices on a galley and brush lugs carefully with a brush dipped in
the liquid. ...

Do not clean matrices with any liquid solvent containing chro-
mic acid. Tins a, Even a weak solution will
pit the character, destroy sidewalk and cause metal to adhere to
the sides. This results in defective type surfaces on the slug and
between the characters.

Do not use oil on the back mold wiper or to excess in other
places where it can come in contact with matrices. Oil on sides
of matrices makes a path for molten metal to be forced between
them. This metal gradually builds up on the side and walls even-
tually become ci hairlines.

Do not operate the keyboard or handle matrices with dirt or
grease on your hands. Keep your hands and the machine clean.

Do not neglect to clean spacebands once every eight-hour shift.
If polished with loose graphite, see that loose particles are re-
moved befbi els to the box.

Do not use graphite on matrices or in magazines. Moisture on
the hands, or mi i .ses graphite to form an oily

deposit which eventually becomes a hard cake on the sides of
matrices and in ; cleaning neces-

sary and naturally leads to damage through unnecessary handling.
Lugs of the matrices may be polished with dry graphite after

Do not force a tight line into vise jaws. This causes aligning
lugs to be sheared and irreparably damaged, and is also hard on
the spacebands.

pump stop safety is operating perfectly. J
sandspac
this point pays good dividends in time and money.

Do not use force to remoi become wedged

tightly in a jumbled line. Go about it easily and carefully.

Do not fail t, ita wheel promptly, and thus

guard against sending in tight lines

Do not overlook the importance of keeping the pawls in first
elevator jaws in good condition. They prevent matrices falling out
of the jaws in recasting, and thus becoming damaged.

130

u^

ATLANTA 300 Luckie Street, N.W., Atlanta, Georgia 30313

BOSTON Park Square Building, Boston, Massachusetts 02116

CHICAGO 531 Plymouth Court, Chicago, Illinois 60605

DALLAS 1350 Motor Circle, Dallas, Texas 75247

LOS ANGELES 1212 Albany Street, Los Angeles, California 90015

NEW YORK 300 East 42 Street, New York, New York 10017

SAN FRANCISCO 155 Twelfth Street, San Francisco, California 94103

CANADA Canadian Linotype Company

Toronto ■ Montreal • Winnipeg • Vancouver

Mergenthaler