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Old Time Communion Service and Worship
also
The Metallic Communion Token
of
The Presbyterian Church in Canada, 1772*
by Rev. George A. MacLennan, B. A., Montreal, Que.
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Years have passed since the disuse of the old metal token and the
adoption of the card, or in now many cases the total disuse of a token
of any kind, and to many Presbyterians of today, both ministers and
laity, the token is quite unknown, and both ignorance and surprise
has taken the place of a familiarity of a most reverent affection. The
token -bags have been lost or have fallen into the hands of collectors,
in many cases collected solely for commercial reasons. The result has
been that when a collection of the character of this one, purely histori-
cal and sentimental in its purpose, was undertaken at this late date,
copies of the tokens of Canada were obtained only after long search,
persistent correspondence, and a few ministers and church members
had willingly helped, in some cases contributing tokens which have
been treasured as keepsakes. Some of the rarer tokens were only
secured through the great kindness of two collectors, W. A. Kain of
St. John, N.B., and Lb'uis Laurin of Ottawia, Out., who out of their
own duplicates and by personal correspondence provided most gener-
ously and as an appreciation of- the purpose for which my collection
was made.
The collection has been photographed, actual size, and placed in a
cabinet for safe keeping, in the hope that in the years to come the
memory of the old Communion Service may have something more
than a name.
GEORGE A. MacLENNAN.
The Bible House, Montreal Que., Dec. 25th, 1924.
THE OLD-TIME COMMUNION SERVICE OF
THE PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH IN CANADA
One of the most vivid and pleasant memories of my boyhood is
the old time Communion Service in an English-Gaelic congregation of
which my father was minister. Owing to the many services in both
languages held at this time it wag necessary and customary for the
Kirk Session to invite an assisting minister or ministers. Many of
these old Highland ministers were great favorites, their sermons full
of Celtic fire bringing uplift and satisfaction to those splendid men
and women who loved to recall the great ministers of the Highlands
and Islands of their native land.
THE COMMUNION SERVICE
The Communion was an outstanding event especially if, as in
the olden time, it was celebrated but once or twice a year. On the
Wednesday afternoon visitors from more remote congregations com-
menced to arrive, men and women of middle life and even advanced
years, having made on foot the journey, and for the joy set before
them making light of their weariness, their souls refreshed by the
markedly spiritual conversation, of those) who like themselves were
going up to the Feast. As the hour of worship approached on the
Thursday, the worshippers, having renewed old acquaintance with
friends in the church j^ard, quietly and reverently take their place in
the church. As this was "the Fast Day" all unnecessary work was
put aside and a Sabbath calm prevailed. The service, -emphasized
humiliation, repentance, confession, and a plea for forgiveness
and cleansing that the worshipper might be found worthy to approach
the Table of the Lord. At the close of this or the Saturday service
the "token" was given out by the minister, flanked by the elders, as
the intending communicants, one by one, passed up one aisle, crossed
before the Communion Table received their "token" and passed out
by the other aisle. For "reason" the- "token" might be refused by the.
Session and no greater reflection could be cast upon a member than to
be so disciplined. To the Highlander the Friday service, "the Ques-
tion", as it was called, was a great occasion. It was the day of "the
Men", laymen who had lived their lives humbly, devoutly in the pre-
sence o-f their fellows, given to-' the study and exposition of the
Scriptures and prayer, ready to assist the minister in the visitation
of the sick, in the comforting of the sorrowing and bereaved, in
advising the inquirer, in warning 1 the wicked aiid profane, men
who out of their own deep spiritual experience, could blaze the path
for the people. The minister or ministers present were by courtesy
asked to conduct the opening exercisers, and usually remained seated in
the pulpit, silent save as reference might be made for a clearer state-
ment of doctrine than had been given. There was no room for doubt
:us to this being "the Men's" day. Slowly, reverently; after a psalm
had been announced, "lined" and sung, "wailed" to a minor tune such
us. Coleshiil, one of the "Men" rising in his place, Bible in hand, an-
nounced "the Question," founded upon some passago of Scripture
which, he read* and proceeds to briefly "open" and invites a, further
expression of opinion. Withc-ut hesitation one and another continues
the discussion, 'from many angles, markedly doctrinal and usually
very practical. Much is made of the "Marks" of this or tha:t by these
simple but-keen theologians. To the onlooker, and present for the
first tiinie, it is an occasion not soon to be forgotten. Saturday com-
pletes the .131" vice of Preparation, with its own special emphasis upon
self-examination, lest any should presume and unworthily partake,
thereby eating and drinking .condemnation. At the same time an
u'rgent tender appeal is made to sinners to come to Christ that they
alight- know" Him and serve Him. "Come first to; the Lord of;' the
Tiible and 'then to the Table of the Lord," were words often used.
The. Sabbath service is very impressive. The Great Day of the
Feast lias fully come. The 65th Psalm or some other favorite is an-
nouiioid,' "lined" by the precentor - ant3 sung by the congregation,
.seated, mahy ; 6f them with eyes closed their bodies slightly swaying to
the -music} "making melody in their hearts. They make no place in
their praise for organ o*r< hymn. Then follows the reading of the
Scriptures and the "long prayer", the people reverently 'Standing with
heads bowed, 'followed by the "Action Sermon" as it was called. Luke
^2:44 was a typical text and the minister preached on "The sufferings
of Christ." In all there was the note of triumph. -Following another
psalm, let .us say the 18th, sung as the other, .cam the ,' 'Ifencmg of the
Tables", .inspiring a feeling of deep awe and high. privilege? the law
us recorded in Exodus XX :3 given amid the thunders of 'Sinai : the
Blessings qf the Gospel as found in the Beatitudes, Matt. V: and a
selection from St. Paul's letter to the Galatiana V :16 -setting . forth
sins which the follower of Christ should avoid as well as duties to be
performed. During the singing of a portion of the 103 Psalm the
minister descended from the pulpit and took hia place at the commun-
ion table: the elders removed the white . cover from the bread and
w.irie, "the elements" : the "tokens" are collected f rom the communi-
cants in the. pews set apart and which were called "the Table" : the
reading of. the words of warrant and institution from 1 Cor. XI 23-27,
followed by a prayer of consecration of the "elements:" the distribu-
tion by the elders of the bread and wine to the communicants, follow-
ed by an address of exhortation as the communicants "descend from
the mountain of ordinance to mingle once more with the world," and
very earnest, solemn words they are.' Then comes the closing psalm,
prayer, doxology and benediction. It is a very long service, running
into hours, 'so different from the very much shortened communion
service of today. Should the church be small and the number of
' ''' 4, ' '
communicants large it was quite usual to serve a series of "table's'." To
prevent confusion such churches had "tokens" with a "table"' number
on them and the communicant went to the table bearing the number
on his token. Of the tokens in Canada only two have been found
bearing the "table" number, a stock token of the Free Church and the
old token of Goose River in Nova Scotia.
Monday was a service of Thanksgiving closing the Communion
Season. The visitors go their way, while the home folk take up the
routine of their daily life. , ,
THE TOKEN
An important feature of this old-time Communion service wan
the use of the "Token". The "Token" was a small pieco of metal,
square, oblong, oval or circular in shape, sometimes very rudely made
by a local smith or other, or beautifully made with dies highly orna-
mented, a piece of fine workmanship, bearing the initial or name of
minister or congregation, a date commemorative of some event in the
history of the church, and with the reverse side often blank or bearing
a text such as "Do this in remembrance 1 of Me", or "Let a man exam-
ine himself." Each branch of the much divided Presbyterian Church
springing from the Church of Scotland had its own distinctive type
of "token" greatly helping in the identification and understanding o|
these now long forgotten symbols. , :
I. The Origin 5 of the Token. ^
Some enthusiasts among the students of "token", historjy have
traced the [ "token" back to the first centuries of the 1 Chris' iaii
Church; and down through the following centuries, finding illus-
tration in the Roman, Anglican and Reformed communions of
'Europe. Much however seems to be conjecture. For our present
purpose we are on safe ground to say that in the Presbyterian
Church we need not go back farther than the Reformation ill
Scotland and especially the times of persecution. In such a: time
the "token" was a means of distinguishing a friend from a foe,
and later a. means of distinguishing a communicant from a non-
communicant, and that too of their own branch of the Presby 1
terian Church. Through Scotland and Ireland, by the mission-
aries sent out to Canada, it was introduced into this new land
and offers an opportunity for indulgence in a very; engrossing
study.
The. "Token" in the olden time was the property, in many
instances, of the minister. He made them or was at the expense of
making them. Some were very crudely made. Wh&n .the, Rev.
Duncan Moody came to Dundee, Quebec, to provide "tokens", the
smith melted down tea-lead; ran it into a bar, and out of the bar
out small oiblong pieces which he rudely inscribed Avith the min-
ister's initials. "D. M." In Laguerre the postmaster, Mr. Mac-
Donald used a card stamped with the post stamp, the date line
being removed. When the minister removed to. another field he
took the "tokens", and the die if there was one with him. This
explains the finding of tokens far removed from the placs of
origin. When the Rev. James Strang of Gait died, his successor
refused to use his old tokens. They were melted down and
moulded into a small and mare ornate token. In some places the
old tokens were, when out of use, buried rather than? that they
might be used in some unhallowed way. It is said that the dis-
c^.rds of Rockburn were carried off by the boys who. made bullets
out of them. The old tokens in Dairy, Scotland, were brought
by the Rev. Dr. Gemmell to Lanark C.W. and were used there
for many years. This token bears date 1788. In the bag were a
number from Tongland,. They 'had been used by the great Sam-
uel Arnot in the middle of the seventeenth century. Rev.
Thomas Trotter brought his old- Johns-haven tokens with him to
Antigonish. In the bag were some from other Scotch, churches,
II. The Divisions of Presbyterianism as discovered in the Token.
The sturdy independence of the Presbyterian from the days of
John Knox has expressed itself in dissent and division. You
can advise such but you cannot drive him against wliat he holds
to be a matter of conscience and often with its roots deep in pre-
judice. Ralph Erskine long ago declared "We never declared a
Secession from the Church of Scotland but only a secession from
the judicatories in the course of defection from the primitive and
covenanted constitutions."
This spirit underlies the "splits" from the Church of Scotland,
Covenanters, Secession, Burghers and Anti-Burghers, Relief,
and the Free Church. Each thought itself the true Church of
Scotland} maintaining the principles and standards of ; the Refor-
mation Church of 1636-1G80. These parties seceded not from the
Church of Scotland itself but from the majorities in the Church.
This common source made it possible for a reunion of those who
had separated.
These separations stand out clearly in the evidence of the
"token" used in churches of these bodies all are represented in
the "tokens" of the Presbyterianism of Canada, For example
we find for the Church of Scotland, "K", or "in connection with
the Church of Scotland:" the Reformed Presbyterian or Coven-
anters "R.P.C.. "B" for Burgher and "AB" for Anti-Burgh-
er: Associate or United Associate: Relief: and 'Free Church of
Scotland. All took their differences seriously and even in Canada
the Anti-Burgher James M'Gregoiy one of the greatest of mis-
sionaries, did not for twenty years overcome his prejudices
against the Burgher Presbytery of Trti.ro. We cannot but ad-
mire these splendid pioneers carrying; tli'eir convictions and
scruples from Scotland to Canada, holding them sacred as the
truth, and ever holding up their view of the Spiritual Headship
of Christ.
III. The Unions represented in the. Token.
Time mellowed the bitter sectarianism of these early missionaries.
\i
By and by the need of the field and fuller recognition of a united
front led these splendid men to draw together. Typical of these
unions we might mention only three,
(u) No. 188 "The Presbyterian Church of the Lower Provinces of
B.IS r .A.. :< a token used in Moncton, N.B.
(b) No. (M "The Central Presbyterian Church of Hamilton C.W.
Gtli June 18(U." This was the congregation growing put of the
old Me r rick Street Church, Hamilton, ministered to by the
Rev. Dr. Ormiston. At this time the U.P. and Free Churches
united as the Canada Presbyterian Church.
(c) No. 101. "The Presbyterian Church in Canada, Old St.< An-
drew's Church. Toronto. 1876." This is the first- distinctive
token issued after the union of 1875.
IV. The falling into disuse of the metal token. '
About 1850 .commercial -houses dealing in communion supplies
began to issue in any quantity desired a "stock token". There are
some fourteen distinct varieties. The late James Croil issued
a round "stock" much used by the Church of Scotland in Ontario
and Quebec: Watson and Pelton of Montreal: the Halifax Wit-
ness: Crawford and Cunninghame of Glasgow, supplied large
quantities to congregations in Canada. These often were intro-
duced to supplement the older named and initialled token. In time
these gave place. to the "Card" token. Many of the earlier Free
Churches in Canada for example Woodstock and Woodville C.
W. used a card upon which the minister had written "Free
Church Token"-, Reverse, "This do' in remembrance of Me."
Many of the Reformed Presbyterians, as well as U. P. & C. P.
congregations, early used a printed card for example, Cornwal-
lis and Horton, N. S., the 1st Presbyterian Church, London C.
W. Today few are the. congregations using any of the old metal
tokens. It has become forgotten. The bag has been lost or. has
fallen into the hands of coin .collectors and dealers. Ministers
and members of the Presbyterian Church today surprise you by
asking, what are these little pieces of metal? To what use were
they put?
It was to preserve a record of this old factor in the commu-
nion worship of our fathers that in 1920 I made a collection Of
all the' known and many long forgotten tokens of the Presbyter-
ian Church in Canada and placed it in the care of the Presbyter-
ian College, Montreal, Que. Efforts are being made to secure
collections to be placed in the other colleges of the Church, and
Knox, Queen's and Pine Hill have advanced far along the way.
The task of collecting today is an exceedingly difficult one, but it
has been accomplished, in at least one collection, and if ministers
and members will lend a hand it-can be : d one for all the colleges..
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HISTORICAL SETTING OF THE CANADIAN COMMUNION
TOKEN
No. 1 BEAUIIAHNOIS, QUEBEC. Church of Scotland.
Rev. Walter Roach Avas appointed a missionary to. C^iuda
on the 15th March, 1833, by. the Glasgow Colonial Society of the
Church off Scotland.. On the 21st November he was ordained at Que-
bec; to the pastoral charge of Beauharnois, St. Louis and Chateau-
guay. Here he continued to labor with great zeal and fidelity until
his death, 27th August 1849. The splendid stone church, now in use,
was built by the Hon. Edward Ellice, the seigneur of Beauharnois,
shortly after Mr. Roach's settlement. This church with 12 acres of
land was transferred in 1806 by Mr. Ellice to the Presbyterian Church
No. 2 CHATHAM AND GRENVILLE, QUEBEC. Church of Scotland,
Rev. William Mair, a native of Scotland educated in Glas-
gow, coining to Canada was ordained 26th Juljy 1833, to the pastoral
charge of the congregations in the townships of Chatham and Gren-
ville, -in the County of Argenteuil, Quebec, on the North bank of the
River Ottawa. Soon after his settlement Mr. Mair had two substan-
tial stone churches built, and while they were being erected he receiv-
ed little or nothing from his congregation by way of salary. After a.
life of self-denial and zealous discharge of duty, .such as few, ministers
have known, he died on the 17th October 1860.
No. 28-b-l DUNDEE, QUEBEC. Church of Scotland.
The Rev. Duncan Moody, a native of Scotland educated in
Glasgow, and sent to Canada by the Glasgow Colonial Society of the
Church of Scotland, was settled in Dundee, in the County of Hunting-
don, in 1835, remaining there until his death in 1855. He was greatly
respected and the congregation of Dundee flourished under his min-
istry. The first church edifice Avas erected in 1837, the present church
a beautiful piece of architecture was erected in 1871'.
This very rude token was made> from a bar of lead, made
from melted tea-lead; and was the work of the local blacksmith, a
Mr. MacMillan, who indented the initials of the minister's name "D.
M." Some time afterwards the people were able to afford a better
token, although still hand-made, \\hich we have numbered.
No. 28-b-2. DUNDEE, QUEBEC. Church of Scotland.
This token was made by indenting an oblong piece of lead,
21 x 25 mil, with three separate inscriptions Dundee-Token-K.
Sometimes the punches got out of order or reversed, as we have found
specimens of such variations from the standard.
No. 3 GEORGETOWN. QUEBEC. Church of Scotland.
This congregation of splendid Scotch settlers came out to
Canada in the late twenties of the nineteenth century, settling 16 miles
04
. . .TP .
irOm fcjie 'ittfaith of t&fe river .Chateauguay. In 1831 Gorgetown and
X3rmste*iVthen 'one congregation, sought to secure a minister through
the'Gtafsgow Colonial Society of the Church of Scotland Rev. Arch-
ibald ttlqtilfdim was se'rit and was minister from 1832-1835. He was
known a '''^Brimstone Colqiihoun." In 1836 the Rev. James Creigh-
ton Muir was settled and 'continued minister until 1881. His was a
singularly 'helpful ministry. He along with the Eev, Alex. MxcGil-
liyray of MacLennan's Mountain, were the first upon whom Queen's
University conferred the degree of % 'D.D."
No. 4 -HEMMINGFORD, QUEBEC. United /Synod of tlie Canadas.
Kev. .T-u-hn Merlin was a native of Ireland and in 1822 was
nettled in the township of Hemmingford, in the County of Hunting-
don. He is said to have 'been the first Christian missionary to find his
way into this locality. He was sent out by the Synod of the Canada.?.
In 18-tl was received into connection with the Church of Scotland.
He retired from the active duties of the ministry in 1855 and died in
1866, in the 85th j^ear of his age.
No. 5. HUNTINGDON QUEBEC. Church of Scotland.
Rev. W. Montgomery Walker, the first minister, received his
appo : ntmsnt from the Glasgow Colonial Society, in connection with
the Church of Scotland, in June 1834, and in October of the same
year wa# ordained by the Presbytery of Quebec. Soon afterwards he
Avas inducted into the charge of Huntingdon, Lower Canada, of which
he remained pastor, discharging his. duties with- singular ability until
1814, when he returned to Scotland. The successor of the Rev. Mr.
Montgomery Walker, the Rev. Alex. Wallace, 1845-1870, was killed
at a fire in. Huntingdon, being crushed under a falling \vall.
No. 6. HUNTINGDON, QUEBEC. United Secession, and later U. P.
In 1861 became Canada Presbyter 'an.
Rev. James Watson. M.A., was ordained 1849. The token
was made two yeu^ earlier 1847. This congregation united with the
St. Andrew's church in 1894.
No. 7 LACHUTE, QUEBEC. Church of Scotland.
E-e'v. Thomas Henry was ordained in 1840 and settled in La-
chute, 'Go. Argenteuil. In 1844 he joined the Free Church.
There are but two instances known to me (La chute and St.
Eustaeho) among the tokens of Canada of a practice not uncommon
in Scotland, of a separate token for the men and women communi-
cants. This is the "female" token used in Lachute, No. 232 being- the
"male." No ; 232 is mad from a similar but larger die and has a ser-
rated ^border.
MONTREAL, FREE GHURCH COTE STREET. Free Churcli.
This congregation was organized in 1844 out of sympathizprs
s procured in Scotland in 1834.
No. 12. 'MONTREAL, ST. GABRIEL STREET CHURCH. Churc h of Scotland
'R&v. James Somerville educated in Glasgow,- came to Can-
:ada as a^tea'cher in 1802. On : the departure of Rev. Mr. Young from
Montreal,' he was induced by' ! l)r. Spark of Quebec to preach in the
vacant St. Gabriel Street Church. A call was extended, was accepted
and he was ordained pastor in September 1803, by the Presbytery of
Montreal, -Rev.-r.John Bethune, Moderator, and Rev. Alexander Spark,
Clerk. This -is probably the only meeting of the Presbytery of
Montreal. This is the first ordination of a Presbyterian Minister in
Upper or Lower Canada. A very hard worker and a good organizer,
he devoted himself assiduously to his many duties. His health broke
down in 1824. In 1817 he had as his colleague Rev. Henry Esson, and
in- 1823, Rev. Edward Black. Upon the assistants devolved the entire
pastoral work. He died 1837. He was the founder of the Natural
History -Lectureship bearing his name. The inscription on the marble
table to his memory states :
"Having by the hand of Providence been deprived of all his
family, he devoted his remaining property, the gift of dis-
interested friendship to humanity!, science, friendship and
piety."
This token when discarded was adopted in Lachine, Church
of Scotland. "
No. 13. MONTREAL, ST. GABRIEL STREET CHURCH. Church of Scotland
This is a new issue to supplement No. 12
This token when discarded in 1866 went to St. Therese de
Blainville, Que.
No. 14. MONTREAL, KNOX CHURCH. Free Church.
In 1844 the Rev. Henry Esson led most of the membership
of the old St. Gabriel Street Church into the Free Church. Shortl/y
after Mr. Esson removed to Toronto as a professor in the new Free
Ohurch College established there. St. Gabriel Street had then a cheq-
uered history. Most of the Free Churchmen in Montreal were gath-
erecl in Cote Street where the mfluenqe o$ Jjo&n, Red^t-h, was very
great. The influence of fine- preachers from Scotland, co.ngtij)g; a$ de-
puties, caused St. Gabriel Street to be left;, in the cold.. Tilery were
Vexatious lawsuits-- as to. property- during thS erected and op^e,^' Dec.
3rd, 1865, under the name of Knox. Ch,urch>. The Rev. Roj^rfe Ir,yjin
No. 15 MONTREAL, ST. GABRIEL CHURCH. Church Q$ Scotland*
' . '' ; ' . ,' 'i
Rev. Robert Campbell was called to be pastor in ; 186.6 from
St. Andrew's Church Gait, A new token is introduced. The "Street' 7
is dropped. The official name of the- church became, St. Gabriel
Church/ Montreal. ' " <
No. 16. MONTREAL, ST. MARK'S CHURCH. Churejk- of> Sgo
St. Mark's Church is an off -shoot. of St. Paul's C/jiiurcH.. Rev.
William M. Black, son of the Rev. E. Black,, D.D., founded it_as a
mission in. 1869, the corner stone of the church 'being laid in\ thej fall of
that year. It was opened 2nd January 1870.. Mr. Black was;, inducted .
March 6th 1871, and resigned in 1870 and went to Scotland, being-
inducted at Anworth'the historic church of Samuel Rutherfpr$. Pied
in Montreal 1901. The first mention of "tokens" at the communion
was, on May 26th 1871. When the supply of the indented: tokens was
' too small it was increased by the use of the stock tokea, with-, the
Burning Bush, No. 223. It is similar to the official token.
No. 17. ST. PAUL'S CHURCH MONTREAL. Church of Scotland.
Rev. Edward Black was the assistant to the Rev. James :
Somerville, in St. Gabriel Street Church, coming to Montreal; in 1822
and in 1823 was ordained as colleague with the Rev. Henry Esson.
O ' v '/-.
They did not agree well and an unhappy division took place, Mr. Es-
son remaining in.St. Gabriel Street, and Mr. Black leading a, company
to found a new congregation in St. Helen Street. The new church
built in 1831 was called St. Paul's To this undertaking he dWoted
great energy and labor and advanced a large sum of 'inoney from his
private means. He continued to labor most successfully until his
death in 1845.
There is a variety of this token lacking the hole for stringing
on a AV ire. The standard token has this hole. The lettering .also is
different.
i p
No. 18. MONTREAL, UNITED ASSOCIATE CONGREGATION.
In 1820 Ave have the United Associate Synod of the Secession \
Church of Scotland in Canada, After thisi union it was felt bv the
1 .... . '
_ OQ _
w U
Secession Church that increased efforts should be made for the propa-
gation of the Gospel. A committee was appointed in 1829 to prepare
a scheme; In 1832 it was decided to commence operations in Canada.
A few weeks later three brethren offered their services as missionaries
to Canada., Rev. Wm. Proudfoot, Rev. Mr. Robertson, and the Rev.
Thomas Christie. They arrived in 1832. Shortly after Rev. William
Robertson died a missionary tour undertaken by Messrs Proudfoot
and Christie in Upper Canada when reported of to Scotland, a strong
appeal was made for men.
Among those responding was the Rev. William Tay-
lor. He arrived in 1833. He immediately started in to organize- a
congregation from among a group of people who had 'been supplied
for somei time by Rev. David Shanks, later of St. Eustaclie. and still
later, ip.f Valeartier. A meeting was convened 15th July 1833. Mr.
Taylor was called and without formal induction began his work. It
was a great and fruitful', ministry continued until hisi death in 1876.
Dr. T|yl0r was greatly, interested in French Evangelization. He took
a leading part in the union of the Free Churches in Canada and the
0nite4 Prefebyterian Churches in Canada in 1861 j and was the first
moderator of the united church. He also took a leading part in the
larger union of 1875.
toiie first communion of this church^ tinder Dr; Taylor, was
held R. Lowderi of Erskine
^hurcttf M^ntre'aij Ja>n^^ There is at very
appreciative statemeiit of Mr. Lowden's ministry on the mural tablet
in the 0| church tit N^w .Gflasgow.
No. 20. NEW RICHMOND, QUEBEC. Church of Scotland-.
'" Itt 1833^ & ReV. A. F; M'Cafre Was inducted to tie' pastoral
>''....-'"' . .-. . " ' i-4 '' ' " ' - ' "
.charge of- New CtarUsl^ ^itid NeW Iticnmondli. reniairiing; until 1835. It
mimstefed td by the Sev. JanieS S't^ven of Ad 1
iii,;N. : |fi)- In 1889 Re V; John M., Ijrdbke came
Church ^ w^ feuilt ^ in ^1840; &fr. Brdofee
n, N. JS., irl 1^43.
QUEBEC. Church of Scotland.
is t- Sii^jpl'6im(^Ht^;rj' tekett iritroiduced probably during
the ittittistr^.bijEte^. ^o ; nn W^llsf 1861. Similar to Stc Andrew's Mori-
i''>b_at bottom of observe side.
jv, QUEBEC; Church of /Scotland.
/part of tfo Georgetown congregation. Rev. James
Afiderson, educated;. Stt Aberiieen, received his appointment from the
Glasgow tJolrinial Soeie% iri c6riiie6tion with the Church of Scotland.
tT* * *
1834, and on the 16th July 1835 was ordained to the charge of Orms-
town and continued until his death 6th April 1864. Croil describes
him as a good and useful minister.
No. 21-a ORMSTOWN, QUEBEC. Church of Scotland.
The old communion tokens, No. 21, after lying for 'years in
the drawer of the communion table disappeared, and so far as can be
learned went into the stock. of a dealer. A copy' of this token was
made years after by the late Mr. Younie, and copied may still foe
found. It is a larger token than No. 21, with letters and figures to
correspond with the increased size. -
No. 22-a QUEBEC, ST. ANDREW'S CHURCH. Church of -Scotland.
St. Andrew's was an old military congregation. For years"
they worshipped in the Recollect Church as St. Gabriel Street Church
did in. Montreal. St. Andrew's Church was begun in 1808, and fin-
ished on St. Andrew's day 1810 and opened. This token, , of which
this is the only known copy is commemorative of that -event. The
ground for the site of the church was given b/y the Government.
No. 22. QUEBEC.. ST. ANDREW'S CHURCH. Church of Scotland. '"
Rev. Dr. Spark died ind819 and was succeeded' (by the Rev.
John Harloie'ss, D.E>.,-> Jra>e 4tli 1S20. Lr-182i : , 'the church, now being
too small to accommodate the congregation, a petition was presented
by the trustees to -Lord Dalhousie, the* Governor General; of British
North America, for, additional space for its enlargement. The petition
was granted arid $OQ currency-was granted out of the- funds arising
out of the Jesuits' Estates. His excellencyj who was a- member. ; of the t .
Church of Scotland, gave 50 to this object. . V/ith his excellency Dr.
Harkness was a great favorite. Ete is described as warm hearted and
generous and a fearless defender of the rights of his church. He died
in 1835. :' ;v '' ' _ , , ::' " '; '
This token is commemorative, of the enlargecT'St. Andrew's
Church. \, "V" ' l :' '. , ."'' ".' " . .
This token aft'ej* being discarded ,by, the adojptioji of the new
token in 1834, has done service iujValcarter and ^lodden..
No. 23 QUEBEC, ST. ANDREW'S CHU.RCH," ,;, , (Jhurch.of Scotland. .
Rev. Dr. Harkness during a visit to* Scotland in .1834 had
dies ma$e for this new token. -and a plentiful supply of tokens .made.
No. 24 QUEBEC, ST. JOHN'S CHUiK:H.,,,.N.qw,;Chalmr's Church, 1838. .
'...,: !pl . .,'' Church of Scotland.
The history of this congregation is somewhat unique. It was
formed in 1800 as an Independent Chapel. A church was erected in
1816. In 1829 it resolved to connect -with. 'the ..Church of Scotland.
In 1830 the Rev. John Clugston was sent out to them by the Glasgow
Colonial Society. In 1844 the congregation joined the Tree Church
movement,- following the leadership of Mr. Clugston. No. 234 and
this one. No. 24, were a'dopted during his ministry, 1830-1844.
30
No. 25. ST. EUSTACHE, QUEBEC. United Associate Synod.
Rev. David Shanks was at first a minister of the. United As-
sociate Synod. With these the manuscript was taboo. Mr. Shanks
then decided to join the Church of Scotland in 1840. He served in St.
Eustache. and Valcartier.
This is another instance of the use of male and female tokens.
This is the "male" token.
No. 25-a. ST. EUSTACHE, QUEBEC. United Associate Synod
This is the "female" token of St. Eustache.
No. 26. ST. Louis DE GONZAGUE, Q.TTEBEC. 1850 Church of Scotland.
This congregation was established by the Rev. Walter Roach
of Beauharnois, St. Louis and Chateauguay. He died in 1849. On
the loth June 1850, the Rev. James T. Paul was ordained and induct-
ed, remaining until 1865. Died in 1884 at Balsover, Ont,
No. 27. ST. Louis DE GONZAGUE, QUEBEC. -1851 Church of Scotland.
This is a supplementary token to 1850.
No. 28. THREE RIVERS, QUEBEC, ST. ANDREW'S CHURCH.
'; - >'' Church of Scotland.
This congregation was organized and in 1844 Rev. James
Thorn became minister. In 1854 he removed. "Rev. George Ferguson
1855-1860 was instrumental in building the church and in all proba-
bility the token was adopted at this. time.,.'.
ONTARIO
No. 29. ALDBOROUGH. 'Church of Scotland.
A large group of Presbyterians, chiefly Highlanders from
Scotland, settled in this Township, The Glasgow Colonial Society, in
connection with the Church of Scotland, organized in 1825, made its
first appointment to British North America on the 22nd April 1829 to
Aldborough, in response to an application of the settlers for a minis-
ter competent to preach in Gaelic^and English, promising: a salary of
150. currency. The Rev. Alexander Ross received this appointment,
and continue/I as minister from 1.836; to 1846. when he removed to In-
nisfil and Gwillimbury. Mr. Ross -was a man of ability and learning.
No. 29-a.. A. provisional token of early settlers at their first commu-
nion. Superseded by No. 29 Thin $nc.
No. 236. AJJDBORQTTGH. ; Gliwcli of Scotland.
This has been represented as a distinct token. It is in reality
an imitation. It was never used by the congregation.
No. 30. ALMONTE. . Reformed Presbyterian Church .
The records of this church go back to 1837. Rev. James Mil-
ligan D.D., of Ryegate, Vt., organized a congregation in Ramsay in
1830. The congregation received occasional supply from the Reform-
ed Presbyterian Synod in North America, and in the absence of
preachers the elders held prayer-meetings. In 1831 or 1832 the congre-
31
gation applied to the Reformed Presbyterian Synod of Scotland. Rev.
James M'Lachlan was sent out, arriving in Ramsay in 1833, and le-
organized the congregation. In 1851 the congregation came under the
care of the Presbytery of Rochester, and soon after the Rev. Mr.
M'Lachlan was released, about 1855. In 18G5 the Rev. R. Shields be-
came pastor. The first mention of tokens in the records is in 1869.
No. 30-a. ALMONTE. Reformed Prcsbyteria/ri, Church,
A. beautiful new token of aluminum was adopted a few
years ago and is now in use.
No. 31. AMI-IERSTBUKG. Free Church.
Rev. Alex. Gale was minister and school-master from 1829
1832 when he removed to Lachine, Quebec. He was succeeded by the
Rev. George Cheyne, 1832-1843. In 1844 Mr. Cheiyne was succeeded
by the Rev. Robert Peden, who brought the congregation into the Free
Church. In 1850 he was suspended from the exercise of the ministry
and the pastoral tie was severed.
No. 32. AYR (DUMFRIES). United Associate Synod.
In 1830 the Rev. Andrew Bell made a missionary tour
through Western Upper Canada visiting the Township of Dumfries,
where he found seventy Presbyterian families, about one-half bairig
Anti-Burghers. Rev. Thomas Christie; of Flamborough, of the Uni-
ted Associate Synod, had Dumfries as part of his congregation. He
was settled in 1832.
No. 33. BALTIMORE. Free CMrch.
Rev. W. J. Mackenzie was settled in this -congregation', in
1851 and continued his ministry for many years. He ultimately join-
ed the Church of England,
No. 34. BECKWITH. Associate Sfino'd of Scotland.
Beekwith, to the north of Perth, was settled in 181& by
Scotch settlers. Rev. William Bell, of Perth oecasionialVy visited the
settlemerit.j arid on the 24th February 1822, held the first communion.
the use of the old token dates back to' about this time. Later, in the
year 1822-' the Rev. John Buchanan came to them 1 drid- was minister
until his ; death in 1835. The old r communion cup;, the' collection btxxes
and pouches are now in the charge of tlie Eev. Priiitipai;! .Djrdiei 1 of
Queen's' Theological College Kingston, Out:
jfra 35. BELLEVILLE. OhurcH tif Scotland.
In 1821 an acre of land was given by the Government f of the
site of a church in connection with the Church of Scotland. The
churcn 1 was built in 1830. Rev. James Ketcnan was seni out by the
Glasgow Colonial Society of he Church of Scotland and was induct-
ed November 6th 1831, and continued minister until- his return' to
Scotland 1B44.
The above spelling occurs not only on the token but on the
32
0,14' communion service and suggests that the origin of the name is
Bell-ville, after the well known citizen of that time, Col. Bell.
No,. 36, BEVERLEY. United Associate. SynpT V - G; ALT, KNOX'S CHURCH. ' Free Church.
"'" . Rev; John'Bayne, 1835-1849, was one of the leaders) of the
Free Chur-chv movement. He came from Scotland under the Glasgow
Colonial Society of the Church. of Scotland,^ accepting the call to Gait
in 1835. Built up the largest congregation in the denomination.;
No. 53. V . GALT, KNOX'S CHURCIL Free .Church.
.::: A later issue of the previous token to supply the increase in
membership.
No. 54. . GALT. V; P. Church.
Rev. Mr. Beveridge of the American Associate Synod visited
Dumfries after 1822 and preached to the Scotchmen there on a Sab-
bath. On a subsequent Sabbath .he explained to them the = principles
of the Associate Church, to which they assented and were received
into full communion. This was the beginning of the large and flour-
ishing congregation of Gait, which for many years enjoyed the min-
istry of the Rev." James Strang. He emigrated in 1832 to the United
States, and was soon after sent by the Presbytery of Albany to a sup-
ply the congregation in Gait, of which he was ordained pastor in July
1833. After a service of nearly twenty-five years he died 22 October
1857, universally esteemed and respected.
No. 55. GALT. U. P. Church of N. A.
The Rev. Robert Acheson, successor of Mr. Strang, refused
to -use the tokens bearing the initials of his predecessor. The old stock
wa,s accordingly melted down and cast into a new token. This has
niacle copies of the old Strang token difficult to obtain only occasion-
al copies being found, long cherished as keep-sakes. Five congrega-
tions of E. P. C., or U. P. of IL S. A., Gait, Manswood, Telfer,
Stamford, and Walton. .
No. 56.: = . GLENGARRY. Church of Scotland.
Rev, John Bethune was a chaplain of militia in North Carolina
during the revolutionary war. After release from imprisonment he
was appointed chaplain of the 84th regiment. He came to Montreal
35
in '178,6. On the 6th May, 178 he remoye4 to ^illiaiastown^
garry, and ministered to. Williamstown, JVIartintown, L^n^aster and
Cornwall. This token is the oldest in Ontario, indeed Qjits^de; o^ N
Scotia.. He died in 1,815.
No. {$-8* GLENGARRY.
This is. a variety and issued later, having a rim, a3J,3 s s
er. It is also more uniform in size than , the first issue^
These Glengarry tokens after tjie. coming of R^.y^. ..^Er. Mac-
kenzie to Williamstown, and the adoption of a new token there, were
used in the South Lancaster congregation,
No. R7. GRAFTON. .Fy$& Church.
The Rev. William Reid, D D., was minister o| Gi*aftQn an,d
Colborne from the Disruption 1844 until his appointment years aftfr
as General Agent of the Church. He was a very fine man, of great
executive ability.
No. 58. GUELPH. ST. ANDREW'S CHURCH. Church o% ^otlwn^,.
In 1830 a memo-rial prepared by the Rev. Messrs, Shee of ttye
last a'cts of Sir P. MaitlancE as Lieutenant Governor of the,,- Province;
was the grant to Mr. Gait of two hundred acres of lands for. the Pres-
byterian Church in Guelph. Rev. James Smith was ordained minis-
ter on the 9th 'Feb. 1832. At the Disruption he threw in hiysr lot. with
the Free Church party.
A magnificent new church was erected in 1858; at/ a, cost of
18,000. Rev. Colin Grigor was minister, 1848-1857; Rev. *fohn Hogg
1858-1877; Rev. J. C. Smith, 1877- Ji% 25th 1898, a preacher recog-
nized as one of the strong men of- the church.
No. 59. ' GUELPH. '' -'Canada Presbyterian. Church.
The Rev. Robert TorrancevD.D.j was ordained'- a minister $f
the United Presbyterian Church. He brought his congregation into
the union of 1861. The token is after this date. He also, entered the
larger union of 1875, and for many years was clerk, of . Ifre.ibytery.
Upon his retirement the congregation was merged intp : existing con-
gregations of Guelph. Was for years Clerk of Guelph. Pi;esbytery,
No. 60. HAMILTON, ST. ANDREW'S CHURCH.. Chu/rcfiof, Scotland.
Rev. Alex. Gale had gone, from Lachine to foim<|:this con-
gregation in 1833. He preached in the Court House until? a. .church
was built in 1834. The meeting held for, the organization of Queenfc
College Kingston was held in the school-room of this church, October
9th, 1839. The present St. Paul's church Hamilton, was built in 1866,
and the change in name took place after the larger union of 1875,
into which the congregation entered although the minister, Rev.
Robert Bin-net remained out of and for years bitterly contested the
union. He called the remnant following him "St. Andrew's Church"
and so the old congregation was renamed St. Paul's Church, Hamilton.
' The present church' when erected during the ministry of Rev. Robert
Burnet cost 56,000, and was at the time the finest ecclesiastical edifice
in Western Canada.
k 'At the meeting of- the Synod of the Presbyterian Church in
Canada, in connection with the Church of Scotland, on October 9th,
1839, in St. Andrew's Church, Hamilton, the project of a university,
Queen's, was decided) upon and appeal made to Presbyterians. The
Synod at its meeting in- July in Kingston, had committed itself to the
undertaking. A letter of appeal was written by the Rev. William
Rintoul, and was signed by Rev. Robert M : Gill, as Moderator, and
Rev. Alex. Gale as Clerk."
No. 6l. HAMILTON, MERRICK STREET. V. P. Church.
This was the" church ministered to by. the Rev. Dr. Ormiston
prior to 1861. The 'union led to a new church, Central; Presbyterian
Church, and ministered to by Dr. Ormiston until his removal to New
York. '
No. 62. HAMILTON,, KNOX CHURCH. Free Church.
This congregation was a result of the Disruption of 1844.
Rev. Alex. Gale was minister of the new congregation 1844-1846, when
he &camof Queen's College
from 1846-1853. ' . '- ; '
No. 67-a, KINGSTON, ST. ANDREW'S CHURCH. . Church of Sc-otland.
A new issue from a similar die but larger letters was made in
1867 during the pastorate of Rev. William Maxwell Ing-lisV'1863-1870.
The lead is very soft and so easily wdfn.' The ''fine old historic -' church
of St. Andrew's was burned to the ground in 1888.
No. 68. KINGSTON, CHALMER'S" CHURCH. Free Church.
I'his congregation was the result oi' the Disruption in 1844. It
was first known as The First Free Presbyterian" Congregation oi
Kingston. Rev. Robert Ferrier Burns, so'n of Rev. Dr. Burns of
Knox (pollege, Toronto, became minister in 1S'4'6. He had been readjy
for ordination a year earlier, at the age of 20. : " In the Proceedings of
the Synod the congregation is known as (!)halnier''s' ChuYehy (.1850).
No. 69. LAKE SHORE LINE, (ANNAN AND LEITH.) "-U.'P.:Churc/i.
Rev. Robert Dewar, Leith, was ordained Oct. 17tlf 1855, and
Av.as clerk of the Presbytery of Grey iri'lS&l. The date Of "this token
is prior to 1861. Mr. Dewar remained 'minister until his' retirement. in
the early eighties. No. 69 was made in 1855 by Mr. Telford, miller
and schoolmaster.
No. 70. LANARK. United Synod of Upper Canada
'In 1840 joined the Church of Scotland.
The congregation of Lanark was organized by the Rev. Wil-
liam Bell of Perth in 1821. The Rev. John Gemmell, M.D.,; came
38
from Dairy, Ayrshire, Scotland, to Canada in 1823, and in March
1823' assisted Rev. Mr. Bell in administering the sacrament of the
Lord's Slipper to upwards of ninety communicants. From this time
until his death in 1844 Dr. Gemmell was minister of Lanark. Dr.
Gemmell was a graduate in Medicine. He wais also known as a
"bread-lifter" "Our Lord took bread &-", the minister ' should take
bread- and hold it in his hand while he gave thanks. This was oppos-
ed by some as Ritualistic and a revival of the elevation of the Host.
The dispute at the time was a bitter one and Dr. Gemmell was forced
to come to Canada; Mr. Gemmell had followed the practice of many
ministers when -removing- to take the old tokens with himk his succes-
sor preferring new tokens. This explains the bringing of these old
Dairy tokens to Canada.
No. 71. LANARK.. . United 'Presbytery of Canada.
The custom in Scotland of going around to the Communions
riec'e'ssitated identification of the intending communicant. He brought
his token with him. In many of the token bags ah assortment} of
tokens would be founcL. Among the Dairy tokens brought to Lanark
by Dr. Gemmell were some from the congregation of Tongland, Kirk-
cudbrightshire, where Rev. Samuel Arnot was minister in- 1661. Cast-
ing in his lot. with the Covenanters he was expelled by the Govern-
ment in 1662, a Warrant- being issued and a price placed upon his head:
He diedfin hiding 1688. This most interesting) token is 1 exceedingly
rare. : ; , > . .
No, 72. LOCHIEL, ST. COIAJMBA. ' Church'- of Scotland.
... Rev. ..John M'Laurin, ordained by the Presbytery : of Edin-
burgh, Church of Scotland, on t-he 27th October 1819, Cowards the
close of .the year came to Canada^ and commenced;; hjs .ministry in
Lochiel, settled -by Gle.nelg Highlanders in 1796.. Under. his f direction
a f ranie church was erected in Lochiel and a stone church in . Vank-
leek Hill. ..He was translated to .Jlawkesbury and L'Orignal in 1832.
This congregation di.d not come in to the union of 1875, ^ut remained
with'.tjie Church of Scotland, .until a 1 few ye.ars ago." ' ' ".'''
No, 73. LOCHIEL. KliRKirJLL. ' ' '' 'Free 'Church.
.This represents the e'ffeet -of the Disruption ' in "' Lochiel iii
1844. It is also known as the West Church Kirkhill'. It was for
years a mission connected with Vanldeek Hill. In' 1849 became a
separate congregation. Duncan Cameron was iri'clmifed 1854 and Avas
minister for many years. . ' : . '
No." 74'. ' M'MARTIN'S MILLS (MARTIN TOWN)." Church of Scotland.
Originally a part of the congregation of Rev. John Bethune
of Williamstown. Rev. Archibald Connell was. minister from 1825-
1836. He built a fine church and the introduction of the tokens would
be about the same time. Mr. Connell's body was buried beneath the
pulpit of the church.
39
No. 75. MAC.NAB AND HOKTON. (RENFREW). Church of /Scotland.
As far back at 1832 the old Scotch settlers talke'd b' apply-
ing for a minister to the Glasgow Colonial Society of the Church of
Scotland, but their claim was disregarded as not so _ urgent as some
others. It formed part of the charge of the Eev. Alex. Mann of Pak-
enham, inducted 1841, who ..officiated until 1851, when the Rev. Geo.
Thomson, M.A., of Aberdeen, was .calk d and, was settled Nov. ..19th
1851. He gave nineteen years of splendid service, retaining; the con-
fidence of his congregation and the. respect of the whole community.
The church was erected in Renfrew in 1853.
1 1 . i
No. 76. MANSWOOD, (MILTON) An Anti-Burgher Q fourth.
U. P. titiurch-'tf the &;$. A.
This congregation was adjacent to Milton, Ont. Five con-
gregations oi U. P. Church of B. N. A. in Ontario Gait, TelfeF,
Stamford* Walton and Manswood.
No. 77. . MANSW-ooDi (MILTON) Anti-Burgher^ U.P. @k. U&.A.
A later issue with A. B. dropped.
No. 78. , MILLBROOK. United Amdeitilte ynoc.
Kev. James Douglas, connected with the United Syno;d, cariife
to Canada- in 1834 from Ireland by way of the U.S.A., aiine 6i |fte offers #ia&
trea 8& NOBOCIJ EASTHX>P% ST. ANDREW'S, CHURCH.
This congregation was originally a part of St,. Andrew's
Church .Stratford. Rev. William Bell was minister of the united; con-
gregation 1848-185t ? , and of Norfo Easthope alone 1857-1873: "The
first ; minister was Rfev. David Allan 1838, but he went oui : wi tip the
Free Ohr ; cli- ilni 18i4.
81,. > ORILLIA , IST PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. Fwee.
Rev. John Gray, ordained in 1851 was minister until 1 ; lids, ro-
t^rement in 1888, His parish covered a wide field. He- WQS- verv
,-. ... . . j. , . . ..'_*.- i ; t /
active in all the* \yqrk of the Synod. This token is also f ound? in. other
Gongr^gations:, -Lunemburg, Newington, Avonmore an.d*' Pew/ Glas-
gow. It is stated, that the first lot. received from the maker were im-
perfect and; he had to provide a . new. lot. . The discards, were after-
wards disposed of to other icongregations .at a small price.
2^0.82: OWEN SOUND, CHALMER'S CHURCH.
At first this congregation was called Sydenham, It was
organized in 1848. Rev. John Mackinnon, the 1 first minister; was or-
dained and inducted July 1st 1849. In 1862 we find a memorial from
a nu'mlber representing themselves as Chalmer's Church Owen Sound.
It seems that some time prior to 1861 when the new church was built
in the town the Free Church Presbytery of Hamilton had 1 declared
Chalmer's Church as no longer a congregation. The memorialists of
1862 were the trustees^ It was enacted that the property be sold and
dividfed between Division Street and Knox Churches.
These tokens were long lost but were discovered 1 by Rev.
Peter Pilkey, the present minister of Knox Church, doing duty in a
neighboring congregation.
"No. 83. PAKENHAM, ST. ANDREW'S CHURCH. Church of Scotland.
This township was settled in 1823 by emigrants from Ireland.
Rev. Alex. Mann was inducted as minister of Fitzroy, Tarboltou,
Pakenham, MacNab and Horton, in 1841. In 1851 Mi-. Mann restrict-
ed his labors to Pakenham.
In 1864 a lady collected a sufficient sum of money to procure
these, tokens. Previously they had used^ a disc of tin. Dr. James
Mann, of Renfrew tells me he well remembers that when the supply of
tokens proved too small he was sent to the tin-smith's to procure more
of these tin discs. '
_ 41
Mr. Mann died in Pakenliam 15 Sept. 1884. Croil describes
him as a genial man, fond of a joke and told a good story. He and
Martin ^Livingston. of Simcoe were gre ; at cronies, sat together in meet-
ings of the. -S.yn.od of the Church -of 'Scotland, and were -always ready
time abqufc. (o second almost any motion proposed.. .,-. ,{;.,:<; .,,1
No. S3 : ii. PAitENHATvt; ST. ANDREW'S CHURCH.' -^C'hurcflvty -Scotland.
, . .
This tin disc was the first token used in Pakenliam and
until 18C4. . ^ . '" ' - : '" ;
' i- .' r*-'. v
Xo. 84. PAIJIS, PRESBYTERIAN CoNqtifiGATid$!.;''TJnityd'''-Associat?e'', Synod
The survey of Rev. Messrs. Proudf ; pot and Christie, 'mission-
aries of the 'United Associate Synods-organized into the Missionary
Presbytery of the Canadas in 1834, presenfe'd in "March 1835, repre-
sents Paris as a good missionary field, but with no house 'to meet in.
Held fellowship meetings on vacant Sabbaths which w,ere well at-
tended. The organization seemj-J to have : been completed the next
year. Rev. George Murray of Blenheim and Burford, United Asso-
ciate Synod, supplied Paris on the afternoon of alternate! Sabbaths.
No. 239. PERTH, PRESBYTERIAN CONGREGATION 1818. United Ass. Synod
njpi;- 1817..; Rev: William Bell was inducted. Rev; .Mr. Smart of
Brockville had held monthly services .prior to, that date. Received: a
grant of 100 from the British Government.
No. 85. PERTH, ST. ANDREW'S CHURCH. Church of Scotland.
The number of Presbyterians had greatly increased in
Perth. It was decided to establish a congregation in connection with
the Church of Scotland. Rev. Thomas C. Wilson was ordained and
sent out to Canada in 1830 and settled in Perth where he remained
until 1844 when he returned to Scotland. In 1835 the United Seces-
sion congregation ministered to by the Rev. William Bell joined' the
Synod of the Presbyterian Church in Canada in connection with the
Church of Scotland,, which was organized in 1831. Upon the death
of the Revi William Bell the two congregations united in 1857. Rev.
Mr. Bell had been brought up in the Church of Scotland, but had been
ordained in the Secession Church.
No. 86. ' - ; ' ! PERTH, KNOX CHURCH. Free Church.
Rev. James B. Duncan was ordained July 1st 1848, settled in
1849 and resigned in 1866.
No. 87. , PEMBROKE, CALVIN CHURCH, 1864. Free. Church.
, .Rev. John M'Ewan was inducted in 1864. I/ater became
minister of Ingersoll.
No. 88. PETERBOROUGH, C. W. ST. ANDREW'S CHURCH. Church of &cot.
Rev. J. M. Roger was sent out to Canada in 1833 by the Glas-
gow Colonial Society in connection with the Church of Scotland. His
ancestors for generations had been ministers of the "Kirk.'.' Called
to Peterborough and inducted 10th November 1833. Here he labored
42
for upwards of forty years with great fidelity^ acceptance' and s./s-
cess. In 1844.- he cast in his lot with the Free Church as did most of
his congregation and was moderator of the Free Church Synod in
1847. In 1876 he retired and died 1878. The Free Church with the
consent of the minority retained the use of St. Andrew's Church un-
til 1857, when St. Paul's Church was built.
No. 89. . PETERBOROUGH, ST. PAUL'S CHURCH. . Free Church.
This is the first token of the new Free Church (ongTegatiwi
under Rev. J. M. Roger.
No. 90. PETERBOROUGH, CANADA PRES. CHURCH. Canada Pres. Church
St. Paul's Church went into the union of the U.P. and Free
Churches in 1861. Still under the pastorate of Rev. J. M. Roger.
No. 91. PORT HOPE, JOHN CASSIE. JJ.P. United Synod of Up. Can.
Rev. John Cassie, M.A., was ordained a missionary of the
United Secession Church 2nd Sept. 1834 and sent to Canada. Accept-
ing a call to Port Hope he was inducted 12th March 1835. His field
included Perrytown and Clarke. Perrytown had been settled by Irish
Presbyterians, He died suddenly in 1861. He was not long in the
recently united church.
No. 92. RAMSAY, (ALMONTE) 1837. Church of Scotland.
Ramsay was settled by emigrants from the West of Scotland.
A very fertile township and the people became prosperous. Com-
menced to build a church in 1832, receiving a Government grant in
1833 of 60 to assist in erection of the Church. Rev. John Fairbairn
was appointed by the Glasgow Colonial Society in 1833. Returned to
Scotland in 1844.
No. 93.. RAMSAY, (ALMONTE) ST. ANDREW'S 1851. Church of. Scot.
Rev. John M. MacMorine, D.D., was minister 1846-18G7.
No. 94. SMITH FALLS. . Church of: Scotland.
Rev. George Romanes had been appointed to Canada 'in 183!>
by the Glasgow Colonial Society, and was ordained in Smith Falls
March 1834. He remained until 1846 when he became: professor of
Classical Literature in Queen's College. Resigned his professorship
in 1850 aiid returned to England. He was the father of the famous
Prof. John George Romanes. The first church was erected in 1S3G.
No. 95. STAMFORD, J.R.-M. A.P. Associate Synod of North America.
' The Presbytery of- Stamford of the Associate Synod of
North America was organized 1836. The Rev. John Russell was min-
ister from 1825 (Nov.) This token is said to have been struck in 1825.
In 1858 joined in the union of Associate and Associate 'Reformed
Presbytery of Albany at Pittsburg
43
No. &5-a. STAMFORD A.R. - M.
V . : . ....,.. : . ( .; . . , .
There were five congregations in Upper "Ca'naaa connected
with 'this ''Synod, all having tokens, and all these tokens in 'this collec-
tion~S'tai#forcl, Telfer, Walton, Gait and Manswood.
No. ''96.' '-'STRATFORD, ST. ANDREW'S CHURCH 1858. ^(JJi/urtih-'^f-Scdt.
Stratford in 1840 was an unbroken wilderness, in? 1866 it
was an important railway centre.
Rev. Daniel Allen was minister from 1838-1844; Rev. Wil-
liam Bell of North Easthope from 1848-1857; Rev. William Millar of
South Ronaldshay, Scotland, 1837-1863. In Mr. Millar's time a vex-
utious dispute arose in connection with church property and St. An-
drew's suffered in consequence.
No. 96-a. SEYMOUR, C. W., ST. ANDREW'S CHURCH. Church of Scot.
Rev. Robert Neil came to Canada in 1837 under the appoint-
ment of the Glasgow Colonial Society of the Church of Scotland. He
was ordained 29 January 1840. The first church was opened in 1840.
In 1866 the new .stone church was built. Moderator of the Church of
Scotland Synod in 1851. In 1852 married the daughter of the Rev.
Hugh TJrquhart of Cornwall. Resigned 1884' and died 1890.
No. 97. TELFER. V. P. Church of N. A. in the U. S. A.
No 98. THORAI-I, ST. ANDREW'S CHURCH, 1854. Church of Scotland.
Settled by Highlanders in 1832. The Rev. I)av!d Watson
was ordained 31st August 1853, and remained until 1898. St. An-
drew's church 'was built of brick in 1840. Mr. Watson was one of the
few in the West who declined to enter the union of 1875 and his con-
i>Tegatibn stuck to him with great devotion. He retired from the
active ininistry in 1898 when his congregation joined the Presbyte-
rian Church in Canada, Knox and St. Andrew forming the present
congregation of Beaverton.
No. 99. TORONTO, KNOX'S CHURCH 1852. -Free Church.
Rev. Robert Burns, D.D., had been the Secretary of the Glas-
gow Colonial Soc.ety, in connection with the Church of Scotland, and
was the means of sending many missionaries to Canada. He was call-
ed in 1845 to KnO'X Church Toronto and was minister until 1856 when
he became a Professor in Knox College, Toronto, of Church History
and Christian Evidences.
No. 240. TORONTO, CARLTON STREET. Reformed Pres. ^Church.
No. 100. 'TORONTO, ST. ANDREW'S CHURCH, 1830 'Church 'of Scot.
Had its origin in the minds of some members of the Legisla-
ture-belonging to the Church of Scotland. Hon. William -Morris,
Chief Justice Maclean, Hon Peter M'Gill', Hon. Francis Hincks, Wil-
liam LyohMacKenzie thought they should have a : church of thedr own
communion. At a meeting held, of -which Hon. Francis Hincks was
Chairiinan, arid William Lyon MacKenzie, Secretary, it was decided tb
buy a site in the centre of the town for 450 on vvhich forthwith was
ed a, church to bear the name, St. Andrew's. It was opened for
worship... 19 June 1831. Rev. William Rintoul was the first minister to
preach; within, its walls. He Avas introduced by the Rev. Robert
M'Gill of Niagara. The 79th Highlanders, then in Garrison, compos-
ed the- first congregation. The Sacrament of the Lord's Supper wa.s
first, dispensed on the 30th October 1831. Rev. William Rintoul re-
signed in May 1834 to become Superintendent of Missions. Rev. Wil-
liam T. Leach afterwards Arch-Deacon Leach of Montreal, Kiicctoclpil
Mr. Rintoul in July 1835.
1830 seems to be commemorative, of date of meeting for orga-
nization. It was also the year of the designation of Rev. William
Rintoul by the Glasgow Colonial Society to the pastorate of St. An-
drew's York, 29th July 1830. The meeting for organization was held
on the 18th May 1830.
No. 101. TORONTO, OLD ST. ANDREW'S 1876. Pres. Church in Can.
This is the first and so far. as we can recall the onlv token
.-.' : . / .
bearing the denominational name of Presbyterian Church in Canada,
and of course followed the union of 187,5. The removal of the con-
gregation, of St. Andrew's to Simcoe Street led the remnant to orga-
nize another congregation Old St. Andrew's. It was of .this church
that for so many years the Rev. George M. Milligan, B.A., D.D., was
minister.
No. iOl-a. TORONTO, OLD ST. ANDREW'S 1876. Pres. Church in Can.
This is a variety but, smaller than the original.
No. 241. TUCKERSMITH, 1845. :: Free Church.
The Rev. William Graham as minister is mentioned in the
minutes of the Free Church Synod in 1845, Presbytery of Hamilton.
He served for many years. The congregation is now known, as
Egmondville.
No. 102; VAUGIIAX SCOTCH CHURCH, 1835. Church of Scotland.
Rev. Peter M'Naughton was sent out by the Glasgow Colon-
ial Society to Eldon and Thorah but shortly after his arrival: was, in-
ducted into Vaugtoan on 21st Aug. 1833. He returned to Scotland in
1844 but returned: to Yaughan in 1847 and later in the year was
translated to Pickering.
No. 103; WALTON. U. P. CJmrohcfifr. A.
This with Telfer, Gait, Manswood and Stamford represented
the congregations of this branch of Presbyterianism in Ontario. The
people are^now merged in the Presbyterian Church.
No. !Q4v . WILLIAMSTOWN, Church of $&otland.
This congregation was founded 1787 by the Re-v. John Bet -
hune>; following his death in 1815, in 1818 a call; was given, to. the
Rev. John, Mackenzie who continued as minister until 1855, A friend
of Mr. Mackenzie, in Scotland, presented the congregation- with a
45v
splendid 'communion service with tokens. These arc still regularly-
used in the Williamstowr congregation. The old Bethune token,
Glengarry 1794, the earliest Tvest of Nova (Scotia 1 , finally passed to the
congregation of South Lancaster. They are no longer in use. The old
elder, A. R. Macdonell, Esq., gathered the supply remaining and gave
them out to the representatives of the old Williamstown congregation
scattered over the world to be kept as keep 'sakes.
No. 105. WOOLWICH, W. It. 1854. Church of Scotland.
The old church is about 12 miles from the city of Guelpli.
Rev. Alex. Ross, the first minister of Aldborough, was settled here in
1843. In 1846 removed to Innisfil and Gwillimbury. The charge
was vacant until the Rev. James Thorn was translated from Three
Rivers in 1854. He died in Woolwich in 1868 aged 71 years-
No. 105-a. BKODIE. Reformed Presbyterian Church.
This is a plain square of iron or lead. This congregation
with that of the Reformed Presbyterian Church in Almonte are the
only two remaining congregations in Ontario of this body, commonly
known as "Cameronians." They are bitterly opposed to the use of the
organ or hymns in their worship. They are also strongly opposed to
Jill secret societies.
No. 1054>. MT. PLEASANT (MOHAWK) Pres. Cong^M.P., U.A.S.
NOVA SCOTIA
No. IOC. ANTIGONISH. Associate Presbytery of Truro.
Six years after the organization of the Associate Presbytery
of Truro Rev. James Munroe, originally a minister of the Church of
Scotland, came, in 1792, to Nova Scotia. In 1807 he was settled in
Antigonish, said to mean "where three rivers fall into the harbour,"
or "forked river." Rev. Thomas Trotter in 1808 was ordained as the
minister of the Burgher congregation of Johnshaven: Kincardine-
shire.
Douglas, covering a tract of territory 60 miles in length, and was in-
ducted 21st June 1803. Died in 1812. .. .
No. 114. EARLTON 1861. Church of Scotland.
This district was first settled in 1819 by Highlanders from
Scotland. Long neglected these people maintained ordinances among
themselves. In 1836 Rev. Wm. Sutherland came among them and re-
mained until 1843, when he confined himself to Earlton, He refused
to join any Presbytery. Died 1848. In 1861 Rev. William MacMillan
was inducted. Did not come into the union of 1875. These tokens
were presented by him to the congregation.
No. 1.14-a Used prior to the ministry of Mr. MacMillan. Only two
copies known. Found in MacMillan's desk after his death.
No. 115. ECONOMY, A. KERB'S CONGREGATION. Anti-Burgher.
' Associate Presbytery.
The union of Burgher and Anti-Burgher in 1817 formed 1 the
Associate Synod. Rev. Andrew Kerr was the last of the Anti-Bnrgh-
er ministers in Nova Scotia. He was a man greatly admired and
trusted by his own communion. He preached the Gospel with great
acceptance both in Britain and Nova Scotia : in Economy from 1818-
1848.
No. 116. ELMSDALE, HANTS Co. Associate Synod.
Later XL P. Ch. of Nova Scotia
This was part of the earlier congregation of Shubenaicadie
organized by the Rev. Robert Blackwood. He removed to, Tatama-
48
in 4J&4(J. The token is very similar to the one used iri New
Glasgow 'by the Associate congregation which afterwards united with
the John Knox Free Church to iorm the present United Church New
Glasgow.
No. 116-a. FRASER'S MOUNTAIN, near New Glasgow. Church of Scot.
Rev. Donald Allan Fraser came to Pictou in 1817' arid lived
in a humble cabin amid the thick forests of MacLennan's Mountain,
where he ministered to a colony of Highlanders'. There was another
settlement, six milei? away at Fraser's Mountain and within two miles
of New Glasgow. Mr. Fraser also took charge of Blue Mountain. In
1837 removed to Lunenburg, remaining until 1842 when he removed
to St John's Newfoundland where he died in 1845. He was one of
the great pioneer missionaries of the Church of Scotland in Nova
Scotia. In 1828 the church was hauled into New Glasgow and named
St Andrevv's. In 1855 Eev. Allan Podock was called to St. Andrew's
Church. His father presented a new set of tokens. Copies of old F.
]\i. were found in Hope well.
No. 117; GAIRLOCH. Church of Scotland.
Rev. Hugh MacLeod came to Nova Scotia in 1822, labouring
in Salt Springs and Gairloch in the West part of Pictou County. "Re-
mained only a few years. Died in Demarara. Rev. Donald Macin-
tosh had oversight from 1832 to 1844, when lie returned to Scotland.
Gairloch was settled in 1805 by Highlanders from/ Gairloch in Scot-
land. .
No. 117-a. N G. Found among a number of No. 117, very rare.
No. 118. tjREENi-iiLL, N.S., 1850 SALEM CHURCH. U.P. Church of N.S.
General Associate Presbytery
This is a part of the old Anti-Burgher congregation of West
River, where the Rev. Duncan Ross was so long a minister, a- minis-
try in which his son succeeded him. Mr. Ross came to Nova Scotia in
1795 and (lied 25th October 1834. The son, Rev. James Ross, after-
wards became Principal of Dalhousie College.
No. 119. GOOSE RIVER (LINDON) NS. Reformed Pres. Church.
Rev. Alex. Clarke was the first missionary sent out by the
Reformed Presbyterian Synod of Ireland. He arrived in St. John,
NB., in 1827. For some time he travelled from place to place in N.
B. and N.S. exploring the field. Took up his residence in Amherst,
N.S. From this as a centre he reached Goose River, River) Hebert,
Maccan . Churches were erected and for nearly half a century he
cbntmtieei to labor. Died 1874. Became a D.D in 1856. Rev. William
$omervlile, 1831-1878. minister of Horton and Cornwallis, Dr. Clarke
and their elders constituted themselves a Presbytery, The Reiormed
Presbytery of New Brunswick arid Nova Scotia, Mr. Somerville
$ keeii 'cdhtraversial writer and missionary worker.
_ 49
No. 120. GOOSE RIVER. Reformed Presbyterian Church.
This token used in some of the outlying sections of .the Goose
River Congregation ?' .,,;'''
No. 121. GRAND RIVER. N.S. .Free Church.
This part of Cape Breton was visited by Rev. John MacLen-
nan and Donald A. Fraser on their missionary tour in 1827, of which
mention is made in the journal sent to Rev. Dr. Burns of the Glasgow
Colonial Society. This section settled by- Highlanders had foeen badty
neglected by the parent Church of Scotland. In the Disruption this
congregation came out.
No. 122. HALIFAX, N.S. Church of Scotland.
In 1749 a 'Protestant Dissenting Congregation was organized
in Halifax, known as The Protestant Dissenting Meeting House. The
people were mixed Scotch and American, Congregationalist and
Church of Scotland. At the close of the revolutionary war in 1783
Rev. Thomas Russell, a licentiate of the Church of Scotland, became
pastor, remaining a little over three. years. In 1787 the congregation
remodelled its constitution bringing it into 'accord with the Church of
Scotland. Rev. Dr. Andrew Brown, was pastor 1787-1795. During the
vacancy service was often conducted by a minister of the Church of
England. Rev. Dr. Archibald Gray was minister from 1796 to 1826. In
1815 the name of the congregation was changed to that of St, Matt-
hew's Church.
No. 123. HALIFAX, ST. MATTHEW'S CHURCH. Church of Scotland.
In 1817 there took place a union of practically all
the Presbyterians in Nova Scotia. Dr. Gray while in favor
of the union did 'not join it as so many of his people were
Congregationalists. In 1817 there was really no barrier to union be-
tween Seceders and the Church of Scotland, arising from differences
of opinion as to the relation between Church and State, in so- far as
money for the support of the Church was concerned. All were at
that time waiting to receive State aid, and afterwards actually appli-
ed for it from funds appropriated. by the Government for religious
purposes. '
No. 124. HALIFAX, N.S., 1786. Church of Scotland.
Rev. Dr. Andrew Brown, 1787-1795. 1786 marks a constitu-
tional change in the congregation.
No. 125. HALIFAX, RELIEF, 1818. Relief Gh. later Church of Scot.
ST. ANDREAV'S CHURCH. .
Previously connected with the Relief Synod of Scotland,
organized by the Rev. Henry Patterson, 1818, who had been sent out
by that Synod. Remained only a few months and was succeeded by
another Relief minister, Rev. Thos. G. M'Innis. He remained 1 until
1820. Because of difficulty in arranging with the Kirk minister for
so .
the ordination of a Mr. Burns whom, they had called, they decided in
1819 to join,, the Chiireh of Scotland as the "New Presbyterian
Church," changed 'afterwards to St., Andrew's, Rev. John Martin,
originally connected with the Reformed Presbyterian Church, joined
the Church of Scotland and was ordained in 1821. He was minister
of; St. Andrew's from 1821-1856. Died 1805. Ho was a staunch
friend of the Kirk, but did not forget the Communion in which he had
been reared. He always had a warm side for the Covenanters. At
the time of ..the Disruption he >>nd the ,,Rev. . Dr. MacGillivray of
M'Lennan's Mountain were the on^y Kirk ministers remaining. Join-
ed bv others from Scotland. -.. ' ..'
. | . ; ........ . .
The Belief Synod a development of the Belief Presbytery was
organized in 1761. The Presbytery assumed the name of Relief Pres-
bytery because it professed to act for the relief 'of oppressed congre-
gations.
No. 126. HALIFAX, ST. JOHN'S PRESBITERIAN CHURCH, 1863.
No. 127, HALIFAX, POPULAR GROVE, 1843. Asso. Pres. Ch. of NJS.
In '1843 a few individuals attached to the Secession being
congregated^ gave a call to the Rev.' 'Peter G. MaeGregor, youngest
son of .th;e late Rev. Dr. MacGregor. Inducted Sept. 1843. The
church was organized in 1842. .Mr. MacGregor was their pastor for 25
years.
No. 128. HOPEWELL, N.S. Church of Scotland.
No. 129. LOWER SETTLEMENT, NEW GLASGOW, G'eneral Asso. Synod.
Tl\ese tokens used in the old St. James' Church, New Glasgow.
No. 130. LONDONDERRY, N.S. 1808. Gen. Asso. or Anti-Burgher.
Synod. This community settled by emigrants from Ireland under
Col. M'Nutt. Most of them] were Irish Presbyterians. Rev. David
Smith had been their minister for 24 years. Rev. John Brown, the
friend and fellow student
