Metallurgy Of Cast Iron

THE MANUFACTURE AND PROPERTIES OF COKE. 7
two cuts are from an article by Mr. W. G. Irwin in Cassier's Magazine, January, 1901. The amount of coal charged into a bee-hive oven, as described herewith, covers the floor to a depth of about two feet for 48-hour coke, and two and a half feet for 7 2-hour coke, and in weight ranges, according to the diameter of the oven, from three and one-half to six and one-half tons. By a handy dumping arrangement, the coal may be delivered to the ovens on either side of the track. After the coal has been dumped into the ovens through the hole E, it is leveled by means of a long-handled hook worked through the door at D. This done, the door is partially closed by means of bricks loosely laid and luted with clay or loam, an opening of about three inches being left at the top of the door for the admission of air to support combustion in the oven. As the coking progresses the opening for the admission of air is gradually made less and eventually closed, in connection with the charging opening E, should the oven be carried over or burn off too soon.
The coal is ignited by the heat which the ovens |l{
retain from the previous coking. A sharp draft is admitted as soon as the coal is ignited, which is about an hour after it is charged. A black smoke, combined with a greenish colored gas and occasional outbursts of flame, passes up through the charging hole E, which is left open to create a draft and permit the escape of all smoke and gases'that may emanate from the coal. The gas which escapes has an odor sometimes strong of sulphur. The smoke generally ceases ten to twelve hours after the first ignition of the coal, after which a bright flame passes through the opening E and covers the entire surface of the coal, which by this time has coked in mounds ory from the practical founder about matters seldom found in print, because practical foun- I dry men of Mr. West's attainments are, as yet, a rarity/" v<»undrymen*:. Association's Test:"., . . ... 539