Political Science Of The State

POLITICAL SCIENCE.

mission to the power of Rome. Thus ^milius Paullus with
ten legates reconstructed Macedonia soon after the battle of
Pydna, in B. C. 168 ; and at the same time, with the inter-
vention of five legates, Illyricum was reduced to its provincial
condition. In every case a policy was followed of prevent-
'ing insurrections afterward; and provinces which had given
trouble or contained the seeds of future disturbance were
jealously dealt with. Thus it was ordained in the case of
Macedonia that the country should be broken up into four
regions, each having its own council, and composed of parts
confederated together, which, with the communities compos-
ing them, were left to tax themselves. Half of the annual
proceeds of the former land-tax, paid to the kings, was now
paid to the Romans, that is, one hundred talents. The former
domains and the mines, which naturally fell to the conquerors,
were utilized by them. All officials of the deposed king,
Perseus, had to go into banishment to Italy. Salt could not
be imported nor timber exported. The people were disarmed
and the fortress of Demetrias destroyed. Intermarriages and
purchases of houses and lands between the different regions
were prohibited. As for the rest, the laws were continued
and the communities elected their officers, but the upper class,
both in the regions and the communities, were put into pos-
session of the government. Much the same course was pur-
sued at the same time with Illyricum, which was broken up
into three parts.* Livy's observations on these transactions
are worth noticing, on account of their looking aside from the
evident motive of the conqueror, "It seemed good that
Macedonians and Illyrians should be free in order that all the
nations might perceive that the arms of the Roman people
did not bring slavery to the free but freedom to the enslaved ;
so that the nations which were in the enjoyment of liberty
might believe that it would be secure for them and under a

*Comp. Mommsen's hist, u. s., ii,, 357, omv., in the transl.,
Livy xlv., § 18, with Weissenborn's notes and § 29, Marquardt, u» s.>
iiL, i, p. 115.