An equivalent cormmend is:
(C8) suOsti tute( x*2 ,z ,d6)[a[ a
(Ds) x 2 %'E x-
fiche he order cf :rg,ens SUBSTITUTE: Substitute
the fir .for ever 9 occurrence of the second inside
the third.
We shall now consider some more linguistic facilities available in MACSYNC. To assign
an expression to a variable use:
(C9) a:%@@
(D9)
X2%E X2
o 2
?]ote that the variab$ A will have the value X"e X .
Thus:
(ClO) a+l@@
(DlO) X2%E X2 1
t-
To efie a unction (Z) to be $I,N(Z)+i, use ":=" ñ typing:
(Cll) f(z):--sin(z)**2 + l@@
(Dll) F(Z) := SIN2(Z) - 1
(C12) f(x+l)(a(a
(D12) SIN2(X + l) + 1
Equations n MACSYeA are a particularly useful form of expression. To represent the
'equation X + 2X = y2, use
(CI3) x**2+Z*x = y**2@@
(D13) X 2 + 2X = y2
One may add expressions to equations, multiply an equation by an expression, and add two
equations together.
(Cl4) d]3+l@@
(D14) X 2 + 2X + 1 = y2 + 1
The left-hand-side of an equation is obtainable by the function LHS. RHS obtains the
right-hand-side.
(ClS) lhs(%)
(D15) X 2 + 2X + 1
EquatiOns are generated as intermediate results of CSY's SOLVE command. For example:
X 2 - 1
.Solve the equation
(CI6) x**2-1@@
(D16)
(C17) solve(%,x)@
SOLUTION
(El7)
(El8)
(D18)
3
-----------------------------------------------------------
10.
SOLVE can, among other things, obtain closed form solutions to polynomials which can
be factored into linear, quadratic, cubic or quartits over the integers.
To substitute one of the solutions into the original equation you can type:
(Cl9) dl 6,el 7(a@
(D19) 0
Since El7 evaluates to the equation X = -l the
substitution is made into X 2 -l and the result
Es simplified to zero, as expected.
One sometimes wants an expression containing a Sum which is unevaluated or unevaluatable.
For instance:
(CO) 'sum(9(i),i,O,n)@(a
N
(D20) ) m(I)
/
I :0
Note the use of an ndefined function O. O may
be given a definition or substituted for at a
later time. Also note the use of the quote
symbol. The effect here is to pevent an attempt
to evaluate the sum. In this case, however, the
quote makes little difference since we would
have obtained the same result had we not quoted
because the upper limit, N, has not been assigned
a value the SUM cannot be carried out.
MACSYMA considers the quoted and unquoted form
of a fnction to represent it8 "noun" and "verb"
forms, respectively. Most fctions are verbs
and will be evaluated.
COS) are nouns and normally do not evaluate,
The trigonometric functions (e.g., SIN,
even if given numerical arguments.
Thus:
(C21) sin(l)@@
(D21)
To evaluate trigonometric functions with numeric arguments use a NUMER specification:
(C22) sin(l),numer@@
(D22) 0.84147098
You now may wish to use MACSYMA on your own. Skimming the MACSYMA manual should be
helpful.
To log out of the system, type:
:]090ut
Typing control-z gets you back out of MACSYMA.
To close network connections:
Y R CLOSED
4O
-----------------------------------------------------------
BBN LIFE == HOST #69
LIFE is the mathematical game described in Scientific American, Volume 223, #4, Octcc-r 1970.
It was originated by the mathematician John Conway at Cambridge. It was coded by
Ray Tomlinson at BBN. LIFE simulates a colony o-organisms living on a 72x72 recta_-lar grid.
Each point except for those on the edges, has 8 neighboring points: 4 horizontally d
vertically, and 4 diagonally.
The rules of LIFE are:
1. Birth
A new organism is created on an empty grid point if exactly 3 neighbors
are adjacent to the grid point.
2. Death
An organism dies of overcrowding if it has 4 or more neighbors.
An organism dies of isolation if it has fewer than 2 neighbors.
Deaths and births happen simultaneously.
The program requests an initial colony pattern from the user. This is input by typ=-_ for
ins rance:
Use asterisks, spaces, and carriage returns. The Standard TENEX editing characters rmv be used
to edit any input, i.e., control-A will delete the previous character, control-X deL:es the
lines, and control-R retypes the line. The pattern is terminated with an altmode (EC).
Each successive generation will be typed out until one of three things happens:
1. The colony dies
2. A stable pattern is established
3. Any teletype key is pressed
At that point, the program requests another initial pattern.
To play LIFE, proceed as follows:
@_r Reset TiP, tminal-dpndent setup here.
@[ 9 Connect to BBN, SBN hraZd is followed by at sic
@login iCCC [' iCCC ] 11514 Log into .
@run, [ life [' Start the LIFE program.
"9") prompt.
Play LIFE as described above.
To stop playing LIFE, type:
*C
@looot [f]
ype controZ-C to return to EX.C.
Tc log out of BBN.
o disconnect TIP from BBN.
-----------------------------------------------------------
UCLA-NMC SIGMA-7 === HOST #1
UCLA-NMC runs an experimental system called "SEX" on their XDS Sigma-7. SEX interacts line-at-=-
time and requires local echoing at the TIP. Commands should be in upper case alphabetics.
1. To
2. To
LOGGER
T R OPEN
set TIP parameters and connect to UA-NMC:
Reset current TIP parameters, terminal-dependent setup here.
TIP to "transmit on line-feed".
"Insert line-feed" after carriage-return.
Connect to UCLA-NMC, HOST #l.
Note, word LOGIN typed by system.
login to MASTER at UCLA-NMC:
LOGIN ICCC [ Note, upper case mut be used from here forward.
JOB STARTED "'" is the prompt from MASTER.
To see who is on the system:
002 WHO STARTED
USER PORT
SEX 16
FK 3
FK 2
TL 0
ICCC 27
To get back to master:
To use the toy question answering program, TIMiMY, type:
: TIMMY
002 TIMMY STARTED
MY NAME IS TIMMY THE TERMINAL, WHAT'S YOURS?
YOURNAME
PLEASED TO MEET YOU, YOURNAME HAVE WE MET BEFORE?
SORRY, BUT I HAVE A TERRIBLE MEMORY FOR NAMES.
YOUR QUESTIONS SO, ASK AWAY.
',.IHEN WILL THIS COMPUTER CRASH NEXT?
ABOUT 5 O'CLOCK.
GOODBY
ANYWAY, MY JOB IS TO ANSWER
Ask any nwnber of your owa questions of
Exit from
43
-----------------------------------------------------------
To use the calculator program, type:
BACUS
002 ABACUS STARTED
CALCULATOR
DO YOU NEED INSTRUCTIONS?
YES ['
FIXED POINT?
AUTOMATIC SUBTOTAL?
YES F
FIRST ENTRY
400.23 F
INVALID OP CODE
+ 400.23 ['
S 400.2300
+ 200.234 n
s 600.4639
*3.23 F
s 1939.4978
- 1200.213 F
S 739.2849
S 739.2849
+ 200.1
s 939. 3848
: 739. 2849
T 939.3848
FIXED POINT?
X CR
To exit MASTER:
JOB KILLED
LOGIN
The HELP section offers instructions and formats for
interacting with a powerful desk calculator.
We needan op code like '+'.
Not tat each op code like '+' requires a space
foltowng it.
We requested automatic subtotal.
Store contents of accumulator into area A.
Display contents of area A.
Get current total.
Exit ABACUS, return to MASTER.
To disconnect from TIP:
T R CLOSED
44
-----------------------------------------------------------
SCHOLAR === HOST #69
SCHOLAR is a program to review a subject area with a student. For this example, the subject
is the geography of South America. SCHOLAR will ask questions and evaluate the student's
answers. It will answer questions for the studen
To connect to BBN-TENEX:
Reset the TIPj terminal-dependent setup here.
Cause TIP "œogger" to connect to BBN Tenex where SCHOLAR
will run.
To login to BBN-TENEX:
BBN's EXEC prompt character is at sign ("").
The second "iccc" is the password and will
not print.
To start the SCHOLAR program:
@ run. S arnock>scholar -
BBN LISP-10 07-12-72...
GOOD MORNING
Because SCHOLAR is still undergoing development,
it is not a BBN subsystem, but rather a progrin
kept in the directory of one of its
developers, AVOCK.
SCHOLAR runs under BBN LISP whose prompt character is
backarro
To start SCHOLAR dialog, type:
+ ssin( warnock>scholar.sys). SCHOLAR system po_oneters Zoad into BBN LISP.
FOR INSTRUCTIONS, PLEASE TYPE 'INSTRUCTIONS(SHORT)' OR
'INSTRUCTIONS(LONG)'
(qWARNOCK)SCHOLAR>SYS;9)
scholar()
After (psssibly) Zooking at instructions, srt the SCHOLAR
dialog.
HELLO, MY NAME IS SCHOLAR. I WILL HELP YOU IN REVIEWING THE GEOGRAPHY OF
SOUTH AMERICA. THIS IS ABC REGIONAL HIGH SCHOOL. TODAY IS 24-0CT-72.
IF YOU HAVE CAREFULLY STUDIED YOUR INSTRUCTIONS, WE MAY BEGIN THE REViEI'I NOl. I.
WHEN YOU ARE READY TO START, TYPE READY --- REMEMBER TO TERMINATE EACH LINE
OF INPUT WITH AN ASTERIS',< * FOLLOWED BY A CARRIAGE RETURN.
ß ready* ICR 'I Asterisk ("") is SCHOLAR's prompt character. You mus,
repet ?CST, erminate input to SCHOLAR with n asterisk
("") a? a carriage return_efore it will isten o you.
Use conrol-a ("A") to delet characters frm your inout
line, i.., the standard Tene editing chara=vers.
PLEASE TYPE YOUR NAME---Y.R., MISS, or MRS. FOLLOWED BY FIRST HAME, MIDDLE NAME
OR MIDDLE INITIAL, AND L.ST NAME.
ß YOURNAME*
NAME OF YOUR IHSTRUCTOR, PLEASE:
ß warnock*
45
-----------------------------------------------------------
LET'S BEGIN OUR DISCUSSION NOW, "YOURNAME"
USE ONE OF THE FOLLOWING:
14400000
3600000
1200000
1800000
TO ANSWER THE QUESTION:
APPROX WHAT IS THE AREA OF BPJZIL?
* 14400000*
WRONG,
I'LL GIVE YOU ANOTHER CHANCE.
* 3600000*
VERY GOOD,
Continue your dialog as you wish. When tired, type control-o
{"C") to return to EXEC to logout.
To logou:
@ lo9o,ut
To disconnect from BBN-TENEX:
46
-----------------------------------------------------------
UCLA-CCN 360/91 TSO === HOST #65
The UCLA Campus Computing Network (CCN) 360/91 offers a number of services to the ARPANET includ-
ing IBM's Time-Sharing Option (ISO). TSO is an interactive programming system sitting on top
of the awesome power of an IBM 360/91.
The CCN
allowed.
deletes
360/91 assumes line-at-a-time ARPANET intection. Both upper and lower case input are
CANcel or control-X ("$X") deletes the current line and Backspace or control-H ("?H")
the previous character on the same line.
To set TIP parameters and connect to CCN:
LOGGER
T OPEN R OPEN
UCLA CCN 360/91 SERVER TELNET.
VERSION 2.5 30 APR 197
ENTER COI4MAND OR 'HELP':
"Transmit on linefeed", TIP sends CCN a line at a time.
"Insert linefeed" after every carriage return.
Cause TIP '%ogger" to connect to CCN 360/9t.
3o
To get help:'
COMMANOS AVAILABLE ARE:
SERVICE--DESCRIPTION
RJS ...... EBCDIC REMOTE JOB SUBMITTAL SERVICE.
ARJS ..... ASCII REMOTE JOB SUBMITTAL SERVICE.
TTYRJS...ALTEATE ASCII RJS FOR A MODEL 33 TTY.
BBOARD...BULLETIN BOARD NOTICES OF GENERAL INTEREST
TSO ...... ACCESS TO IBH TSO TIME SHARING SYSTEM.
HELP ..... PRODUCES THIS INFORMATION.
COPANDS HAVE NO OPERANDS BUT MUST BE FOLLOWED BY
A CR/LF. ANY NONAMBIGUOUS ABBREVIATION FOR A COMMAND
IS ACCEPTABLE. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION ABOUT CCN
SERVICES, CALL (213)825-7548.
ENTER COMMAND OR 'HELP':
To get current system schedule:
bboard
#1036 - t AUG 72 - 07.28.50 - OPR
CC HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE FOR 1972-73:
(FACILITY CLOSED FROM 07:00 AM SUNDAY TO 08:00 AM MONDAY)
ENTER COMHAD OR 'HELP':
T$'O message requesting you to og in' "7" is the TSO prompt.
47
-----------------------------------------------------------
To lEgin to TSO:
'. ]ogoq [' cc [ User nemse "iaa". If already in use, use "icx", wher x is an F
digit from I to 9.
LOGON ICC
ENTER PASSWORD
i ccc Your password is "iccc".
I½C LOGON IN PROGRESS AT 07:38:14 ON SEPTœMSER 15, 1972
WELCOME TO T$O. I'SO IS AVAILABLE FROM 0600 to ]400 PDST.
ENTER 'NEWS' FOR CCN NEWS..
READY
6. To request help:
: help
7. To instruct TIP to "send synch" to get TSO's attention, equivalent to TTY BREAK or
2741 ATTN:
READY
10.
11.
To get current time:
time ,]
CPU - O0:00:OZ EXECUIION - 00:00:38
REAOY
SESSION - 00:05:51
To see who is on the system:
users [
3 USERS
USER
WDD
AKS
HCL
READY
UNIT
(06D)
(046)
(oqz)
To send a message to another user:
send 'Hello, this is a user at ICCC'
REAOY
user(wdd)
To use edit to create a FORTRYUN program:
edit .s.qrtXXX new"[- fortg Zf shouZd be our initiaZ$.
INPUT Edit automatically puts numbers o> lines.
OOOOlO: i [[[[-]P format ( enter a ') Use spaces, .., 'y' ;ze
7th c;:amactor.
oooo2o ! ort ' the roo o ,nO.)
00000 ! or nO.)
00000: 0] wri(.)
48
_J
-----------------------------------------------------------
i2.
13.
14.
15.
000060: [-[--[-} b:sqrt. (a).
000070: [-][[[][-][- write(6,2) 'b r
000090'. end
00100 -
EDIT
: chane FP] 8_o /999/lOO/
BDnk Zine tkes you from input
to edit mode.
To correct statement error in GOTO statement
nmber 80.
ø. list [[]
OOOlO 1 FORqT( ' ENTER A')
00020 2 FORMAT(' THE SQUARE ROOT OF A IS ',FlO.3)
00030 3 FORMAT(F10.3)
00040 lO0 WRITE(6,1)
00050 READ(5,3) A
00060 B=SQRT(A)
00070 WRZTE(6,2) B
00080 GO TO 100
00090 END
END OF DATA
To save the text:
save
SAVED
To exit edit:
I end )
READY
YOU can type "help edit" if you have problems in EDIT.
To change the attention getting character:
' terminal input(S) Makes "" the attention getting character.
READY
To compile program just written in edit:
' fortg - sqrtxxx
BEGIN COMPILATION
FORTRAN IV G LEVEL 20 MAIN DATE = 72259 12/09/21
Compilation listing here.
49
-----------------------------------------------------------
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
To lgad and rtu program:
ofort
ENTER A
56.2
THE SQUARE ROOT OF A
ENTER A
.' 64.0 -
THE SQUARE ROOT OF A IS
ENTER A
READY
Loader listing here. Program enters exetion.
7.497
8. 000
The program is observed to work.
Get back to comnd level with aention character defined
oove.
To display user catalogued data sets:
listcat
SQRTXXX
HELLO
READY
To delete a data set:
delete srtXXX
READY
To log out of TSO:
logoff
ICC LOGGED OFF TSO AT 12:59:33 ON SEPTEMBER 15, 1972+
To log out of ccn:
logoff
IDJ54012A ENTER LOGON -
To disconnect from TiP:
@C
T R CLOSEO
5O
-----------------------------------------------------------
BBN Chess === HOST #69
CHESS is the chess-playing program developed by Richard Greenblatt at MI%. It was described in
"The Greenblatt Chess Program" at the 1967 Fall Joint Computer Conference. The program is an
honorary member of the United States Chess Federation and the ssachusetts Chess Association,
under the name Mc Hack Six. In the April 1967 amateur tournament, the program won the class D
trophy; it wins about 80% of its games against non-tournament players.
During play, the program understgnds moves typed in using standard chess notation, some examples
of which are given below.
pawn to king's knight 3
Bishop captures pawn
Castle kingside
Queen's rook to queen 1
Rook on king 2 to queen 2
Promote pawn (to queen assumed)
Queen captures pawn on queen 6
Castle queenside
Other commands are available for control and information:
Type out board
Play white
Play black
Play.neither
Play self (both sides)
Make next move
Undo last move
Request machine to acknowledge draw
Print game (history))
List commands
Overturn board (for bad sports)
i. To prepare the TIP and connect to BBN TENEX, type:
@_Jr Reset TIP, terminaZ-deprent setuv her.
P-KN 3
B*P
0-0
R-Q1
P./K2-Q2
P-R8
Q*P/Q6
O-O-0
BD
PW
PB
PN
PS
M
U
DRAW
PG
LIST
RESET
To login to BBN Tenex, type:
ccc ccc
Che Tenex -'-C prompt character
is "". _he second "iota" is
yr password and will not print.
In the Tenex EXEC and most sub-
systems, typing cantrol-a ("?A")
wilZ delet the last character
typed on tz current inpu line.
Cy?ing convrol-c will retur you
o the Tenex EXC.
Yo run CIESS, type:
ru___n [ (acks>chess [ Run the C..'$$ progr.m o>. of the directo
HACKS >.
pb T}io CHA'SS prompt character is "". Te' CHESS o "Play
Black", giving you the ?irst moe.
'3
5
-----------------------------------------------------------
*- p-k[3
- B P/K-K4
WR WN WB WK WQ WB
WP WP ** WP WP WP
-- ** WP ** -- **
-- ** -- BP -- *"*
BP BP BP ** BP BP
BR BN BB BK BQ BB
- p-kn4
B Q/Q1-KR5 CHECKMATE
1 P/KB2-KB3 P/K2-K4
Your move (in this example) is "pan to king bishop 3" as
indicated in standard chess notation.
CHESS makes its answering move, "pan from king 2 to king 4".
Your tu_n again.
You request to see the board (BD).
WN WR
WP WP --
BP BP
BN BR
It is still your move (after typing out board) so you enter
"pawn to king night 4".
CHESS puts you into checkmate, oops, you lose.
You request a sy of the game.
2 P/KN2-KN4 Q/Q1-KR5
reset You reset the board to play another game.
When finished, type control-c ("tC") to get out of C{ESS and return to the Tenex EXEC
to log out.
tC
To logout of the BBN TENEX system, type:
@ lo9out J-
To disconnect, type:
T R CLOSED
52
-----------------------------------------------------------
MIT-DMCG MUDDLE === HOST #70
The MIT Project MAC Dynamic Modelling and Computer Graphics (DMCG) PDP-10 runs the ITS time-
sharing system developed at the MIT Artificial Intelligence Laboratory.
iTS prefers to do its own echoing, a character at a time. Its attention getting character is
controi-z ("$Z"). Typing DEL or RUBOUT will generally delete the last character typed on input.
Control-g will generally abort commands. To suppress output, type Control-s. At command level,
upper and lower case alphabetics are treated alike.
To set TIP parameters and connect to MIT-DMCG:
@__r Res the~TIP, trminal-dependent stup hre.
@_e D tcho remote", DMCG ITS prefers to do its own choing.
@_[ 7_0 Oause TIP "Logr" to connect you to DMCa ItS, SOSr #70.
MIT PROJECT MAC DMCG PDP-10.
PLEASE LOGIN WITH YOUR HOST NUER FOLLOWED BY
YOUR INITIALS (E.G., BY TYPING "LOGIN &)PJMM").
MONIT.192
A system message of the day will appear here. It can b
sopressed by typing control-s ("S").
2. To login to MIT-DMCG:
; loin.. iccXXX [ ogin a "icoXXX" whre "XXX" is your initials.
MUDDLE is an interpreter related to the list processing language LISP. It improves on
LISP. It improves on LISP in a number of ways including its general treatment of data
types.
3. To invoke the MUDDLE interpreter:
; muddle
MUDDLE 31 IN OPERATION
MUDDLE mail is yped hre.
LISTENING-AT-LEVEL 1 PROCESS 1
The canonical first step in learning a language like fiJDDLE is to define the function
FACTORIAL, rescursively. MUDDLE type-in is terminated by typing ESCAPE (ALTMODE). The
following multi-line function definition is a single MUDDLE transaction which we have broken
into lines for explanatory purposes. Note carefully the use of upper case (MUDDLE dis-
tinguishes upper and lower case) and the delimiting spaces in MUDDLE type-in which we have
not emphasized in our usual bold way.
-----------------------------
If the argument to FACT is zero (07), then FACT returns the value 1, as expected.
(ELSE <* .N >>) >> EF--
If the argument to FACT is not equal to zero (ELSE), then FACT returns the product (*) of
tJe value of N and the value of FACT applie to N minus 1. Here we balance the brackets
for the product (given in prefix notation as is MUDDLE's normal mode), balance the paren-
thesis of the second conditional (ELSE) clause, and balance the brackets for the COND and
DEFINE, respectively. With the function definition complete, we type ESCAPE to get MUDDLE
to process it.
FACT
Having evaluated our definition of FACT and entered it in its memory, MUDDLE returns the
function name FACT.
Try FACT out on a few small numbers whose FACTORIAL you know; like 5 for example, whose
FACTORIAL is 120 (5x4x3x2xlxl).
120
MUDDLE performs the specified evaluation and returns the correct value.
E
Try FAJ%T for 13 now; a more challenging computatiom.
6227020800
PPIODLE returns the correct answer, as you can verify with pencil and paper in a few long
minutes.
.
Now try 14, a slightly larger number for FACT.
*ERROR*
OVERFLOW
LISTENING-AT-LEVEL 2 PROCESS 1
3DDLE encounters a number too large to represent as an integer in the PDP-10. The
overflow condition, detected during an invocation of the function "*" (multiply), signals
an error condition. Because we have made no provision for this condition ourselves, it is
passed untrapped up to the user, you.
>>
The environment in which the error occurred remains for user perusal at this higher ERROR
level. You examine the arguments to the function "*" (multiply) which caused it to over-
flow. The arguments are found in a push-down-stack frame.
[14 6227020800]
It must be that 14 times 6227020800 is too large an integer for the PDP-10 to represent.
Understanding the difficulty, you do an error return (ERRET) to back out to the top level,
to try something new. The error environment, having supplied you with what you needed to
know, is now discarded.
LISTENING-AT-LEVEL 1 PROCESS 1
< FACT 33.0 > EF--
Iry FACT with a floating point number.
.86833170E37
That seems to work with the precision of a 36-bit word floating point number (7.2 decimal
digits).
54
-----------------------------------------------------------
L
*ERROR*
OVERFLOW
LISTENING-AT-LEVEL 2 PROCESS 1
>>
Again we have overflow in the function "*" (multiply). Again we look at the offending
arguments on the preserved runtime stack.
[ 34. 000000 . 8683317.0E37]
We now know the limits of our simple recurs ire definition of FACTORIAL using single preci-
sion PDP-10 arithmetic. Return to JDDLE's top level by doing an error return (ERRET).
LISTENING-AT-LEVEL 1 PROCESS 1
t_.Z Type oontrol-z ("?%.") to retnrn to th DMCG ITS MONITor.
To logout of the DMCG system:
; l o9out [
@_C CZos the TIP connection.
55
-----------------------------------------------------------
UCLA-NMC HELP == HOST #1
HELP is a subsystem at UCLA-NMC which permits a user to interrogate a database which is
organized in directed graph form. Each vertex of the graph has a paragraph of information,
including some information about further details which can be obtained from vertices which are
reachable from the current one.
Thus, the user moves from vertex to vertex, investigating each item as his interest directs.
1. Setting
LOGGER
T R OPEN
up the TIP to talk to UCLA-NMC. Type the following:
Note: LF means linefeed; CR means carriage retun.
Resets the TIP, terminal dependent set-up follows.
Sets up TIP to transmit on linefeed.
Causes LF insertion after any CR.
Sets up connection to UCLA-NMC.
TIP says you have the LOGGER.
TIP says connection is open.
Logging in to UCLA-NMC:
When the connection is open, the SEX timesharing system at NMC will type 'LOGIN'
at you. If it does not, 'type a couple of carriage returns at it.
The following actions should get you logged in:
LOGIN iccc
JOB STARTED
There may be a Long delay between the 'Job Started' message
and the 'f' prompt character. Also, at this point, some
message may be dped at you from the system. Wait for them
to finish. The '' prompt character means you are talking
to the monitor calledMASTER. You can instruct MASTER to
$art and stop programs, log you out, etc. Let's start the
ffELP program.
3. Using the HELP system
To start the HELP system, type as follows:
help
NNN HELP STARTED Note: NNN is the process nmber assigned to HELP; it is not
of ch concern to you.
DO YOU KNOW HOW TO USE THIS PROGRAM?
n___o If you say 'no', you'll be given a tutorial on tlze use of
HELP. Eventually, you will wind up with the following
prompt:
ENTER A SERVICE NAME, X, OR ? A this point you should type ? to get a list
of thinys UOU can get help about.
THE FOLLOWING HELP FUNCTIONS ARE AVAILABLE: (Il ALPHABETICAL ORDER)
HELP...shor descrion ien .here
LOGIN...di[o
'SG...how v use our message processor
ETWORK...]utorœaZs cn network resources
SRVYGRAPH...
TELNET..,
57
-----------------------------------------------------------
BBN DOCTOR === HOST #69
DOCTOR is a LISP program written by Joseph Weizenbaum and described in "ELIZA - A Computer
Program For the Study of Natural Language Cormnunication Between Man And blachine" in the
Communications of the ACM, January 1966.
_Q ..a psychiatric intervie.ith a. Rogeran..pychotherapist. The 'subject'
types in some statement in natural language using normal punctuation and sentence structure.
Two editing characters are provided: control-A deletes the previous character typed
(repeatable back to the previous space or comma), and number sign ("") deletes the
entire line typed in. Each input statement is terminated by a period or question mark. The
session is terminated by typing GOODBYE.
To connect to BBN TENEX:
Reset the TIP, terminal-dependent setup here.
Connect to BBN.
To login to BBN TENEX:
@ login iccc iccc 11514 Note that the password (i.e., the second
"icao") will not be echoed.
To run DOCTOR:
@ run doctor
BBN LISP-10 02-22-71 ...
GOOD AFTERNOON.
-TELL ME YOUR PROBLEMS.
PLEASE TERMINATE INPUT WITH A PERIOD OR A QUESTION MARK.
* i have a biq problem. The user begins as in a psychiatric interview.
! AM NOT SURE I UNDERSTAND YOU FULLY. e DOCTOR contins the interview in a lively
fashion.
* my grandmother has a 9zoenplatz.
IS IT IMPORTANT TO YOU THAT YOUR GPONDMOTHER HAS A GZORENPLATZ?
Contin dialog as your spirit carries yo.
* goodbye.
IT'S BEEN MY PLEASURE, THAT'S $7.15 PLEASE.
NIL
When finished, type control-c, logout, and disconnect.
logout [
T R CLOSED
59
-----------------------------------------------------------
SAIL PARRY === HOST #11
PARRY is a program which simulates a paranoid patient in a mental hospital 2 The program was
// {--5 Prof. Ken Colby of Stanford University. h e user of this program must play psychi-
- atrist and attempt to discover t--h'patie.t's proble__ms itout_ antagonizing' ptent..s9ar -
Iitially, te user is aed tq. select some behavior parameters for the patient to be modelled.
/-O-E.h}q-b__e.½[__e, YU'i '...n. your-. Ow_. ?h a_
ot-Jerea-'-'your teletype[
The attention getting character is control-c ("C"). Typing C will return you to the system
executive. To delete the last character typed on input, type the character DEL or RUBOUT. The
system's executive command interpreter prompts with period (".").
1. Setting up the TIP to talk to SAIL:
LOGGER
T R OPEN
sets up remote echo
inserts Linefeed after each carriage retu
initiates connection to SAIL
TIP says you are being connected
2iP says you are connected
Logging in to SAIL:
After you have been connected to SAIL by the TIP
number of messages at you before you can login, so be patient.
stop the printing. A typical interaction is shown below.
SAIL PDP-10.
PLEASE LOGIN AS "NET,GUE"NOTE: NCP IS STILL BEING DEBUGGED
.login It,CO ['
You may get a message back saying "Are you sure?" at this point.
just YES.].
JOB 7 STANFORD 6.09B 9-19-72
FRIDAY 22-5EP-720944
At this point, many messages may come out. Be patient.
C
, you must log in. SAIL may type out a
Striking control-c will
If this happens,
ssem leaes message processor automatically
You are now logged in to SAIL; tile "." is the executive system prompt character.
How to run the PRY program:
When the system types"" you are talking to the executive system.
for the PARRy programß An example is given below.
ß œ[ parry [-
You can now ask
SUPPRESS NON VERBAL FEATURE? (Y,N) End input parameters with carriage
VERSION (WEAK,STRSqG)
* weak
Convi-----------------------------
NIC 11863
SCENARIOS
for using the
r
,?" ARPANET ,
at the
INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON
COMPUTER COMMUNICATION
Washington, D.C.
October 24-26, 1972
ARPA Network Information Center
Stanford Research Institute
Menlo Park, California 94025
-----------------------------------------------------------
SCENARIOS FOR USING THE ARPYET AT THE iCCC
We intemd that the following scenarios be used by individuals to browse the ARPA
Computer Network (ARPANET) in its current early stage of development and thereby to
introduce themselves to some possibilities in computer communication. The scenarios
include only a few of the existing ARP\nZT resources. They were chosen for this
booklet (somewhat haphazardly) to exhibit variety and sophistication, while retaining
simplicity.
The scenarios are by no means complete or perfect. We have tried to make them
accurate, but are certain that they contain errors. The scenarios are, therefore,
only one kind of tool for experiencing computer communication.
We ass,,e that you will attend the various showings of film and videotape, pay close
attention at the several scheduled demonstrations of specific resources, approach
the ARP\T aggressively yourself using these scenarios, and unhesitatingly call upon
the ICCC Special Project People for the advice nd encouragement you are sure to need.
The account numbers and passwords provided in these scenarios were generated spe-
cifically for the ICCC. It is hoped that some of them will remain available after the
ICCC for continued browsing. it is expected that the scenarios will have long term
usefulness.
The idea for a scenario booklet came out of preparations for a system programmers
workshop at IT in 1971. bhay Bhushan collected the first set of ARPANET scenarios
at MIT and has contributed much to the scenarios included here. Too many people to
name have worked on developing scenarios for the ICCC and providing computing
resources. Mention should be made of the Network Information Center at the Stanford
Research Institute where this booklet was collected, edited, validated, and produced.
We specifically acknowledge the help of Dick Watson, Marilyn Auerbach, Linda Lane,
Barbara Row, and Kay Byrd in editing and production.
/ Bob 2-letcalfe
Xerox PARC
Octoter
-, 1972
-----------------------------------------------------------
ICCC Scenario Conventions
To make browsing easier, we have chosen conventions with which to specify console sessions
and attempted to use them uniformly throughout this booklet.
The scenarios are written for use from an ARPNET TIP. Each scenario begins with a series of
TIP commands. These include the setting of certn modes (e.g., line-at-a-time) to suit the
serving HOST. The scenarios do not include the several TIP commands used to establish
terminal-dependent parameters (e.g., extra-padding after carriage returns for timing in fast
terminals). Such terminal-dependent commands should be entered at the start of each console
session as specified by parameter sheets supplied with each terminal.
In the scenarios, that %ich a user is expected to type is underlined to set it off from
computer type-out, general instructions, and italicized comments. For example:
The computer asks whether it should proceed and the user responds with "yes" followed by
carriage return:
PROCEED?
"Should I proceed?", the computer asks.
,yes
'es", the user answers (in lower case).
We have tried to help the user over common trouble spots by paying attention to whether he
should type upper or lower case alphabetics and by including clearly marked special characters
where EMIHASIS is warranted:
LOGIN PLEASE
!9in - iccc [] CNet
Note the case shift at "CNet" and the spaces (SP) and carriage return, (CR).
Special characters used include:
CR = Carriage return, RET, Return, CR
LF = Linefeed, Newline, LF
ESC = Escape, Altmode, ESC
SP = Space, SP
Because of their frequent occurrence, we should state that teletype "control characters" are
denoted by up-arrow followed by the specifying alphabetic. For example, control-c,
written "tc", is typed by holding down the CTRL or CONTROL key on a teletype-like device
while striking he "c" key.
If you have difficulty following any or all of the scenarios, please ask an ICCC Special
Project person for help, raher than steQ in your own juices.
-----------------------------------------------------------
TABLE oF CONTENTS
Scenarios for Using the ARPANET at the ICCC
SCENARIO PAGE
MIT-DMCG PDP-10 .......................... 3
SPEAKEASY ............................. 7
BBN Tenex ............................. 11
MIT H645 Multics ......................... 17
SRI-ARC (NIC) ........................... 19
Harvard PDP-10 .......................... 25
SAIL AP HOTline .......................... 27
MIT-AI PDP-10 ........................... 29
Remote Job Service ........................ 33
Mathlab ' s MAC SYMA ......................... 37
BBN LIFE ............................. 41
UCLA-NMC Sigma- 7 ......................... 43
SCHOLAR ............................. 45
UCLA-CCN 360/91 TSO ........................ 47
BBN Chess ............................. 51
MIT-DMCG MUDDLE .......................... 53
UcLA-NMC HELP ........................... 57
BBN DOCTOR ............................ 59
SAIL PARRY ............................ 61
SCENARIOS BY (APPROXIMATE) CATEGORY
PROGRAM S GENARIO PAGE
English Language Conversational Programs
f DOCTOR ...... BBN DOCTOR ............... 59
SCHOLAR ...... SCHOLAR ................ 45
' " zPARRY ........ SAIL PARRY .............. 61
TIMMY ....... UCLA-NMC Sigma-7 ............ 43
Data Base Query
NIC ....... SRI-ARC ................ 19
NETWRK ...... MIT-DMCG PDP-10 ............ 3
APE ........ SAIL AP HOTline ............ 27
Gmes
CHESS ....... BBN CHESS ............... 51
CHESS ....... MIT-AI PDP-10 ............. 29
LIFE ....... BBN LIFE ................ 41
JOTTO ....... MIT-AI PDP-10 ............. 29
Network File Transfer
SMFS ....... SRI-ARC ................ 19
RJS ........ Remote Job Service ........... 33
bis cellaneous
ABACUS ...... U CLA-NMC Sigma-7 ............ 43
HELP ....... UCLA-NMC Sigma -/ ............ 43
Programin g Languages
SPEAKEZ ...... SPEAKEASY ............... 7
PPL ........ HARVARD PDP-10 ............. 25
FORTRAN ...... BBN Tenex ............... 11
FORTRAN ...... UCLA-CCN 360/91 TSO .......... 47
Remote Job Entry
R3S ........ Remote Job Service ........... 33
,qymbolic Algebraic Manipulation
MACSYblA ...... Mathlab' s MACSYWt . . . ........ 37
-----------------------------------------------------------
.J
MIT-DMCG ITS PDP-10 === HOST #70
The MIT Project ,MAC Dynamic }iodelling and Computer Graphics (DMCG) PDP-10 runs the ITS
time-sharing system developed at the MIT Artificial Intelligence Laboratory.
ITS prefers to do its own echoing, a character at time. Its attention geeting character
is control-z ("Z"). Typing DEL or RUBOUT will generally delete the last character typed
on input. Control-g will generally abort commands. To suppress output, type control-s.
At command level, upper and lower case alphabetics are treated alike.
To
LOGGER
T R OPEN
set TIP parameters and connect to MIT-DMCG:
Reset the TIP. TezrdnaZ-dependent setup should be done here.
tcho remote" is preferred by DMCG ITS.
Ccruse TIP "I9GGER" to connect to DMCG, HOST #70.
MIT PROJECT ½lAC DMCG PDP-10.
...... Vo3ouS system messa9es appear here and can be suppressed
with contpol-s ("tS").
To login, type:
"X7" should be your initials to avoid LOGIN conflicts.
Note that ";" is the ITS MONITOR prompt character.
'To see who is using the system:
; who
TTY UNAME JNAME CORE TOTAL IOX
TO7 SYS SYS 035 035 01
Dll UNSPO0 001 007 24
T13 PDL T 007 008 03
T16 ..... HACTRN 001 001 10
T17 AKB NETWRK 006 007 05
T21 PMA HACTRN 001 003 06
'31 ICCXXX HACTRN 001 001 23
DSN PJ SPLASH 004 007 07
FREE CORE 117/208
To send mail to another ICCC DMCG ITS user, type:
; mail iccakb hello Note that in the example, the mail is bein9
sent to ICCC user "akb". 9ecause ICCAKB has
no file directspy at DMCG, his mail is put in
a common file directory (COM).
This method of sending maiZ aZlows one-line
messages only.
USER HAS NO DIRECTORY, MAIL GOING TO COM.
To read a user's mall, type:
; ma] ccakb
FRO ICCXXX 09/20/72 20:07:33
You are requesting that aZZ of a iser's pending
mai be typed on your conole. C}zis collection
of mai w/ZZ also be tuped ou ',';: the ;ae in
auestion togs in next time. Yo, might r/
sending mail to yop.tf, oc a:,,-v,:, to :c; mai
the next time you oo into D,'.YCP i["S du'.'? thr
ICCC.
HELLO.
-----------------------------------------------------------
To use_the DMCG ITS ARPANET NETWRK subsystem, type:
; netwrk
NETWRK. 202
; TYPE "? CR" FOR HELP.
Backslash ("") is the NETWRK prompt and escape
character. Type it anytime to return to the
;;ETWRK command in terpre te r.
To get help from the NET%P.K subsystem, type:
TYPE "HELP CR" FOR ADDITIONAL INSTRUCTIONS.
IMPORTANT COMMANDS:
? ?? HELP SURVEY REAL.TIME.SURVEY STATUS
QUIT LOGOUT RESET SOCKET.MAP
BEST.SURVEY CURRENT LONGTERM
CONNECTION. TO DISCONNECT
HISTORY.OF SUMMARY.OF.SURVEYS ACTIVE.HOSTS
TIME COMMANDS ........
DMCG has a SURVEY subsystem which performs a periodic survey of ARPANET serving HOSTs to
develop statistics on their availability. A SURVEY is taken automatically every 15 minutes
and the results kept in a file for later study. The NETWRK subsystem allows on-line access
to the SURVEY data base on serving HOST availability. Note that the SURVEY program runs
every 15 minutes, 24 hours a day, when the DMCG ITS time-sharing system is in operation.
To print the results of the ]st survey taken:
sur n VET
SURVEY TAKEN AT 18:03:39 on 09/19/72
--HOST-- -# ..... STATUS ..........
UCLA-NMC 001 LOGGER AVAILABLE.
SRI-ARC 002 LOGGER AVAILABLE.
UCSB-75 003 LOGGER AVAILABLE.
UTAH-10 004 LOGGER AVAILABLE.
The ist continues. The HOS? nu;nbers are given in
octal (sorry). The wuious conditions reported describe
the state of the HOST hardware, ARPANET Network Control
Program, and TELNET seruer (LOGGER), al of which must
be functioning o some minimum extent for "Logger auailabie"
to be reported.
--HOST--
UCLA-NMC
SRI-ARC
UCSB-75
To get a brief summary of the SURVEYs for about the last 24 hours, type:
sum n MARY.OF.SURVEYS
00072 SURVEYS FROM 00:16:35 on 09/19/72 to 18.:03:19 on 09/19/72
-#- -%-UP- -RESP-
OOl 097% A.. 00.80
002 068% 01.23
003 059% 00.63
The per cent gives the fraction of surveys
in a "Logger available" condition for the specified srvJng
HGSC. The "rest" gives tke mean nd er of seconds (for
successful cc<ection attempts) from the firsv vrobe
first response for the specified
-----------------------------------------------------------
10.
11.
To ge.t a summary of SURV[Y statistics for the "long term", type:
lon [ GTERM sum [ ,RY.9F.SURVEYS
10848 SURVEYS FROII 19:48:24 on 0k,'27/72 to 00:01: l on 09/19/72
--HOST-- -#- -%-UP- -RœSP-
UCLA-RMC 001 071% 01.00 --
SRI-ARC 002 058% 02.63
UCSB-75 003 053% 00.80
UTAH-10 004 0621 02.33
The iis convirtues givin sunmary data for over 10,000
SUrVEYs for bou he ias 6 months. Please note that
this d:T does no account for scheduled down time, nor
does i account for :ime that the specified HOST was up
bu no vaiZable to the 2PANET.
To get a history for a specific serving HOS%, ype:
o__52 TER TOR¾.0 .ic
You ca :sk for history for any of the servin HOSTs by
ne (see HP) or by number (use ocva! or decimal preceded
by peri=). ,ote ht the "response time" measure iven
relates o he mean time (on successful connections) from
the firs pobe to the first response, only.
FIRST SURVEY AT 19:48:24 on 04/27/72
UNDETERMINED 00000 TIMES (000%)
HOST DISCONNECTED 03474 TIMES (032%)
NCP NOT RESPONDIHG 00000 TIMES (000q)
LOGGER NOT RESPONDIrIG 01016 TIHES (009%)
LOGGER REJECTING 00000 TIMES (000S)
LOGGER AVAILABLE 0658 TIMES
AVERAGE RESPONSE TIRE = 02.53
LAST SURVEY AT 00:0t:34 ON 09/19/72
12.
13.
14.
To exit from the NETWRK subsystem, type:
quit. FFY)
KILL
To logout of the D>CG system:
; logput.
ITS 761 CONSOLE 31 FREE
To disconnect from DMCG ITS, type:
T R CLOSED
-----------------------------------------------------------
SPEAKEASY === HOST #65
The statement immediately below is an example in SPEAKEASY, an interactive language for
researchers that is now available to ARPA Network users on the UCLA 360/91.
X = MATRIX (2,2: 1,3,4,2); f/X; EIGENVALUES(X)
The above is all the information necessary to calculate and display the inverse and the
eigenvalues of the indicated 2 x 2 matrix.
To connect to the 360/91 at UCLA, type:
@rC Reset TIP, terminal-dependent setup here.
@t "Transmit on linefeed", TSO is line-at-a-time.
@_i] "Insert linefeed", send a linefeed with each carriage-return.
@_L 65 Connect to UCLA CCN (Campus Computing Network).
UCLA CCN 360/91 SERVER TELNET.
VERSI X.X DD DDD 1972
ENTER CO.ND OR 'HELP':
To commect to TSO, type:
WELCOME TO UCLA CCN TSO
IKJNJJJJA ENTER LOGON -
To LOGON to TSO, type:
loon icX [ TSO echoes LOGOff line. X is digit 1-9.
LOGON icc
ENTER PASSWORD
I iccc
IKJNNN:I UUU LOGON IN PROCESS AT T:TT:TT ON DD DD, 1972
READY
4. To start SPEAKEZ, type:
speakez A short pase here for SPEAEZ startup.
TSO-SPEKEASY-3D T:TT AM D/DD/72
:+ The prompt character ":" indicates SPEAKEASY is now ative
and awaiting input from the user.
Data is entered into the system line by line and may be entered in either upper or lower
case. Each line is executed after a carriage return is transmitted.
Please wait
Output will
X*9
To use SPEAKEZ, try the following interactions:
for the prompt character ":+" to appear before entering successive lines of input.
be generated for many of the input lines indicated.
X=5
X*9
x'x; x**3 .l.'ultipe, ,tatemcnts are separated :'y .scmicoZon:;.
-----------------------------------------------------------
X*X =.25
X**3 = 125
Elements of an array can be entered on a single line, with co.rmnas separating the entries:
: y:l ,-9.2,sqrt(2) .... l] Enter some nmbers of your own.
rint out the value of Y, a vector.
Various operatios on a vector.
Enable complex arithmetic.
.v*9;, y/x;y*y IC
domain(complex) ]
sqrt(y) [-
SQRT(Y) (A 5 COMPONENT ARRAY)
I 1.0332I l .1892 .....
6. To get information on any one of the over 200 SPEAKEZ words, use the HELP command as
in the following example:
:+ hel IS-] matrix I.C--] Helpful description of matrix manipulation is typed.
:+! m=matrix (3,3: ...... ) '] Enter up to 9 numbers separated by commas.
: [ Shortened form of 'rint(m)"
:+! 1/m [] Shortene form of "inVerse {m)"
:! a:m*transpose(m);a
:+I iqenvals(a)
7. To experiment, try some of the following:
trace(a)' der(a): max(a) min(a) average(a) sum(a)% sumsq(a).
Information on any of these "words" can be obtained by typing:
:! ;ielp "word" []] s S stops printout and ets
system's attention.
8. o te-minate S?KAKE2, ype:
:! quit,
CORE USED I K now, 1 K PEAK, ALLOCATED 4 K
READY
10.
To leave TSO, type:
! looff []
To sever your ARPANET connection, type:
T R CLOSED
About SP\KEASY
Attempting to converse with a modern large scale computer can be a quite difficult and
frustrating experience. As a result, researchers desiring to utilize the enviable power
and resources of a computer are oftentimes understandably turned off by rigid machine
restrictions.
r
-----------------------------------------------------------
SPEAKEASY s a language for people, not machines. The ability to converse with a computer
in a notation similar to that of normal mathematics, rather than some foreign language,
is SPEAKEASY's forte. A powerful vocabulary of commonly used operations is at the
fingertips of the user, and aids to its usage are a very significant built-in capability
of the system.
SPEAKEASY is easily learned, easily used, and its ability to relieve the user of trivial
tasks associated with writing conventional coputer programs, makes man-machine interaction
the enjoyable experience it should be.
The system was developed at Argonne National Laboratory under the direction of
Dr. Stanley Cohen of the PAysics Division. It has been successfully implemented at
several installations around the country under OS/360 for operation on the IBM 360/370
series computers. Now a valuable resource on the ARPA Network, SPEAKEASY is
accessible via the 360/91 at UCLA.
To obtain more information on SPEAKEASY:
Questions regarding SPEAKEASY on the ARFA Network should be directed to:
Lawrence McDaniel (NIC Ident=LM) or
314 Center for Advanced Computation
University of Illinois
Urbana, Illinois 61801
(217) 333-8497
To request an account at UCLA, contact:
Mark Cirlin
Campus Computing Network
UCLA
Los Angeles, California 90074
(213) 825-7426
Ernest H. Forman
MITRE Corporation
Westgate Research Park
McLean, Virginia 22101
(703) 893-3500 X-2523
-----------------------------------------------------------
BBN TENEX === HOST #69
Tenex is a PDP-10 time-sharing system developed at Bolt Beranek and Newman of Cambridge,
Massachusetts (BBN) and now used at several ARPANET sites.
The attention character in Tenex is control-c (denoted "C"). In Tenex EXEC and most subsystems,
control-a ("?A") deletes the last character typed and control-x ("X") deletes the entire
current line. In the EXEC and most subsystems, commands and filenames can be specified with
the minimum number of characters assuring uniqueness, followed by ESCAPE (i.e., ALTMODE, denoted
E; SPACE, denoted[]; or carriage return, denoted. Using ESCAPE will cause Tenex to
complete a partially typed but uniquely specified command or filename.
In EXEC (Tenex command level), Tenex does not distinguish between upper and lower case
alphabetics. Lower case input is echoed in upper case in EXEC and most subsystems. Over the
ARPANET, Tenex does its ora echoing, a character at a time.
To connect the TIP to BBN Tenex, type:
@__Jr Reset the TIP, terminal-dependent setup here.
@L 69 Cause TIP LOGGER to connect to BBN, HOST #69.
BBN-TENEX 1.29.6, SYSTEM-A EXEC 1.43
To login to Tenex, type:
@ login iccc At sign ("") is Tenex's prot character.
nme 'ccc "
(PASSWORD) iccc [ Use the password 'ccc"; it will not pnt.
(ACCOUNT ) 11514 Use cot ner 11514.
.JOB I ON TTY103 2-SEP-72 16:39
Login with ser
To print a list of EXEC commands:
@?
COMMANDS ARE:
ACCOUNI
APPEND
List continues.
Can be stopped with control- ("C").
To send a message to another user:
@ sndms n-
TYPE LIST OF USERS: icc [ SNDMSG is self explanatory.
TYPE MESSAGE. EDIT WITH CONTROL-A, Q, R, X END WITH CONTROL-Z. INSERT A FILE
WITH CONTROL-B.
hello, this is a test.. F
tz
End message with control-Z
5. To print a message:
@ E[- E (FILE) messaõe.tx E[- T;1 [
; dCCC>MESSAGE.TXT;1 SAT 2-SEP-72 4:42PM
2-SEP-72 1642 ICCC
HELLO, THIS IS A TEST MESSAGE.
ESCAPE (i.e., aZtmode, denoved
E causes completion of T]'PE
co,,md and f i ee ?SSAC-. S'XT; 1.
PAGE 1
11
-----------------------------------------------------------
To list status of users and jobs:
@ szs [
UP 87:19:48 3 JOBS
LOAD AV 0.34 0.45 1.00
JOB TTY USER SUBSYS
1 103 ICCC EXEC
9 101 TEITELMAN LISP
12 7 TOMLINSON (PRIV)
List continues.
Can be stopped by typing control-c
10.
To find about an individual user:
@ where tomlinson [
IIY7, JOB 12 The specified ser's terminal naber and job number are
returned if he is logged in to the time-sharing system.
To link to the user at TTY7:
LINK FROM ICCC, TTY 103
@ ;hello ra S. Messages over "link" should be preceded by semi-colon.
@;HELLO, WHO IS IT? Questions and comments from TTY7.
@ ;this is abha S bhushan from mit, can Mou. hep me?
-@;OF COURSE, HOII AR YOO ABHAY?
@ ........ Conversation continues.
@ ;nce ta]kin to Sou. be.,
@ break Break the "link", please.
To list files in a directory:
@ dr ECTORY hack$> ]
CHESS.SAV;2
COROERMAN.LIFœ;I
Get a listing of the HACKS> directory which
contains programs to play various games.
To list the directory:
@dir [
1 .F4 ;14,13
12
-----------------------------------------------------------
11.
To get.the text editor "TECO", type:
@ teco ] The TECO prompt character is asterisk ("") and TECO commands
are terminated with ESCAPE (i.e., altmode, denoted ESC).
* [] "Insert" in a text buffer all type-in up to the next ESCAPE
(E$C) .
1 tpe ]00 No that TAB is typed control-i ("I") or "HT".
IE$-- YoN type ESC or ALTMODE which is echoed as '$'.
* h__t E "Type" vhe "whole" text buffer.
TYPE 100
You may edit any typing errors detected. See
lO0 FORMAT (' HELLO ICCC. ') notes on using TECO at the end of this
END scenario.
OUTPUT FILE:
@ typ E
"Wnload" text buffer onto a disk file.
akb.f4 (NEW FILE) You name the file d type CR
twice, once to confirm.
"Halt" TECO and return to EXEC.
(FILE) akb.f4 [ ;l Type the FORTRV program just
entered using TECO
; AKB.F4;1 SAT 2-SEP-72 5:36PM PAGE 1
TYPE lO0
lO0 FORMAT (' HELLO ICCC.')
END
-@ f4__O IC--- start the FORTRAN compiler.
* akb+akb
Give tt source file name AKB, AXB.F4 assumed.
'object' file will be AKB. REL.
MAIN. ERRORS DETECTED: 0
8K CORE USED
* tC
o-@ loader LC--
* akb
* E[Tq
The compiled
LOADER 2K CORE
5+4K MAX 586 bIORDS FREE
EXIT.
tC
@ save E
Co.mpilation is performed and no errors are detected. You are
revvned to the EXEC after typing control-c.
Relocatable outpNt from compiler must now be loaded for
execution.
You type program name to the loader and it gets its input from
AKB. REL for loading.
Typing ESCAPE causes loader to do a library search for
suforoutines used by your program and to exit to EXEC.
(CORE FROM) 0__ 77777.7 akb.sav;1 E[- (NEW FILE) IC
Save the core image generated by the loader in file AKB.SAV
for future execution.
HELLO ICCC.
CPU TIME: 0.05 ELAPSED TIME: !.00
NO EXECUTION ERRORS DETECTED
EXI F
'C ?::- pr½$:,,cn perfo),ms a expece A.
13
-----------------------------------------------------------
12. To dele. te all files we created to clean up ICCC directory:
@ delete akb.* [R-] Delete all files whose first name is AKB.
13.
To access to the ARPANET:
@ telnet Start the TELNET (TELecommunications NETwork) subsystem.
USER TELNET 29 MAR 72. TYPE HELP CR FOR HELP.
"#" is the TELNET prompt character.
14.
To see status of ARPANET:
# netstatus [
THE FOLLOWING HOSTS ARE UP:
UCLA-NMœ
UCLA-CCN
UCSB-MOD7B
UTAH-IO
BBN-TENEX
MIT-MULTICS
MIT-DMCG
MIT-MATHLAB
ACTIVE CONNECTIONS:
# ?
CONNECTION.TO
DISCONNECT
# uit [
By typing control-z ("fZ") you can force a return to ;he
TELNET command interpreter.
List continues.
A list of ARPANET connections to Tenex is provided :th
their conditions. The table needs some explaining nt
incZuded here.
Question mark will list TELNETcommands an key words.
To stop the ong list, type control-z ("fZ") and retml to
TELNET command interpreter.
List continues.
"Quit" causes the TELNET subsystem to return you to :he
Tenex EXEC.
15.
To see the date and time:
@ d.ay [
SATURDAY SEPTEMBER 2, 1972 17:00:20
16.
To log out of Tenex:
@ lo9out [
KILLED JOB 1 USER ICCC, ACCT 11514, TTY 103 AT 9/2/72 15:01
USED 0:0:9 IN 0:22:t0
17.
To disconnect TIP from BBN Tenex, type:
T R CLOSED "Transmit" and "Reoie" cloed.
14
-----------------------------------------------------------
NOTES ON USIN TECO:
1. Move current text pointer by the following commands:
a) _ E moves ointer to beginnin of buffer.
b) $ TRING> - searches for the specified RING> and moves pointer to just
after
c) n_j_] [[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[ moves =ointer to nth Zine from current line, where n is a
positive or negative integer.
2. Delete the text by the following commands:
a) n__k igg kill n lines Starting from the current position.
b) n__d will dlete n characters fom the current position
3. Insert text by the I command, i.e., IRING> IES- .
4. Example, to change ICCC to THERE in above program, the following would work:
slCCC lESt]
-4d
THERE [
.__ 15
-----------------------------------------------------------
MIT H645 MULTICS === HOST #6
Multics interacts line-at-a-time and assumes local echoing at the TIP. Multics distinguishes
between upper and lower case alphabetics. To gain an understanding of the concepts behind this
general purpose time-sharing system, it is recommended that you attend one of the scheduled
demonstrations. See steps 4 and 9 for special characters to delete character or signal system.
To connect to Multics, type:
@ i S- L [[
'AISPJ 6_
Multics 17.6b; MIT, Cambr]d9e, Mass.
Load = 28.5 out of 50.0 units; users = 30
Reset the TIP, terminal-dependent setup here.
Line-at-a-time, "transmit on linefeed".
Insert linefeed after carriage-return.
TIP command o connect to Multics.
To login to Multics, type:
enter.-- NAME [SP CNet Note upper case "CN" and lower case 't" in C;]et.
Please use your last name for 'ame".
.......... Message from the system.
r 1148 6.437 2+588 The ready message is printed at the end of processing
each command. The nnbers represent time of day,
cpu time for last command, and pre-paging + pace
faults, respectively.
get specific on-line help, type:
'hello from iccc R_ Statements prefixed with an apostrophe will be sent
to a network consultant for on-line help or to a file
for later study by a consultant.
print help file for pl/1, type:
helps[-q, ply,
Nwnber-sign ("#") deletes the preious character in an
input line and at sign ("") (typed "" at a TIP)
deletes the entire line.
5. Help may be used with most commands, e.g. type:
help'-wno .F-
io see who is on the system:
who C[-
multics 17.6b, load 30.5/0.0; 32 users
absentee users 2/2
roach.sysmaint*
network daemon. CNet
IO.sysdaemon
backup.sysdaemon
carey.mpm
v l!50 C.039 15+42
List
i7
-----------------------------------------------------------
To print the working directory:
pint+wdi r
>udd>CNet>anonymous
r llSl .757 16+3B
C be abbreviated wd .
Pathnae associated with your process's working
directory.
To list segments in the working directoryj
list
Segments = 66, Records = 109.
r wa 2 testl
r wa 0 mailbox
r llSl 9.438 52+118
List continues.
To get attention from Muitics:
QUIT
r 1152 .648 14+14
TIP con. hand to send synch.
Equivalent to TTY BREAK or 2741ATTN.
10.
To send mail to specified user: In this case, Padlipsky:
mai____lP] iP] Padlipsky n CompNet n
Input
Hello Mike, this is a sample mail for the Multics scenario. [-
r 1156
3.673 113+152
A line cOntinin only a single period
terminates and sends mail.
11.
To see if anyone has sent you mail:
mail ] ReadS mail sent to "anonymous CNet".
No mail now.
r 1156 1.184 24+83
12.
To logout:
logout [
Name CNet logged out 09/12/72
CPU usage 46 sec
hangup
T CLOSED R CLOSED
1203.3 edt Tue
You are automatically disconnected from MuLtics.
18
-----------------------------------------------------------
SRI-ARC (NIC) === HOST #2
%he SRI-ARC Online System (NLS) is a powerful system being designed to provide aids to a wide
variety of general intellectual tasks; for a more complete demonstration of its capabilities see
the schedule of demonstrations posted in the allroom. SRI-ARE provides both online and offline
services to the Network as the ARPA Network Information Center (NIC) with a DEC PDP-10 computer
running the BBN Tenex timesharing system.
The following characters are of importance:
CONTROL CHARACTERS
The up-arrow character ß when followed immediately by another character means input a
control character. A control character is achieved by pressing the Control, CTRL, or
Shift II (depending on your terminal) key IN CONJUNCTION WITH the character specified.
See the following control characters.
SC -
TO RETURN CONTROL TO THE TENEX EXECUTIVE SYSTEM TYPE tC.
IF YOU MAKE A TYPING ERROR AT ANY POINT, type ta to backspace one character. One character
is deleted each time this code is entered.
St -
IF YOU WANT TO CHECK TO SEE IF THE SYSTEM IS STILL THERE, type St. The system will respond
with "RUNNING AT ---" if it is executing your command. It will respond with "I/O WAIT
AT ---" if it is expecting input from you. No response means the system is down.
tO -
TO STOP NLS PRINTING type to and you will be returned to the command level.
DEL -
DEL is the DEL, Delete, or Rubout key on your terminal.
IF YOU dlEN'T SURE OF WHAT YOU A_RE DOING DURING A NLS cOMMAND SPECIFICATION, type DEL
and NLS will return to the command level. This is the Command Delete character (CD).
CR ~
is the Carriage Return or Return key on your terminal. CR is used in NLS as a field
delimeter and as Command Accept character (CA).
SP-
SP stands for space. Spacing on the paper is for readability only, whenever you are to
explicitly type a space it says SP enclosed in a box.
TO OBTAIN MORE INFORPIION ABOUT A PARTICULAR NLS COM>bkND type the character "?" at an>'
point during command specification.
ACCESSING THE SRI-ARC SYSTEM
To connect to SRI-ARC through the ]FIP type the following sequence: (NOTE: You must type
the haracter @ before giving any command to the TIP. This is not to be confused with
the TENEX prompt character "@" which is printed by the system when it is awaiting a
command from the user.)
Rese t:: 7IP. Te7'minaZ-dependent setup
Const _-:'e ramoter card attac;ed to your
for apFrsvias TIF coteand}s, if any.
Case v:= 7ZF "Logg, " ,, co::,:ct -,ou to
HOSC 't.
19
-----------------------------------------------------------
-----------------------------------------------------------
LOGGER
R OPEN T OPEN
ARC-TENEX 1.29.00 DATE
ARC EXEC 1.
Setting up the SRI-ARC system for your
terminal type:
@full [-'-
Reply by the TiP that it has esvablished
a connection.
Vrious SRI-ARC messages will be typed here.
When the system is ready to accept cowands it
will type its prompt character "0".
terminal. If you are at a full duplex
On initial entry, Network users see only the
characters they type. Using this con, hand enables
you to see characters echoed by the SPa--ARC system.
To log into the Tenex system at SRI-ARC:
(USER) iccc IC--
(PASSWORD) iccc [
(ACCOUNT #) [
JOB # ON TTY# DATE TIME
SCENAP. IO FOR THE ON-LINE RESOURCE INFORMATION Rt RIEVAL SYSTEM (Q1)
This scenario demonstrates the application of a simple information retrieval system to a developing
data-base of network facilities. This on-line service provides users at any ARPANET site with
three types of data:
i) Indices of computers, terminals, and programs on the ARPANET.
ii) Site-oriented data giving detailed information about that installation's software, hardware,
and service configuration, as well as staff names and phone numbers, and
iii) "Help" information on the use of the data-base.
To use the NIC Resource Query System:
@nic E] (Resource Query)
TYPE ? IF YOU NEED HELP AT ANY POINT.
At this point the retrieval system is initialized.
The Ql prompt charaater is a hyphen
To list available options:
-?
- show ?
At any point (eVen in the middle of a command)
the user can type a question mark to obtain
information about available optlens. For example,
if you type,
Instructions for use of the Resource Notebook
Data 9ase will be typed.
h'OTE: WHILE E/TERiNG A COMMAND Tile C,:.ARACT.?.
CAN HE USED TO ERASE TIlE LAST CHARACTER TYPED A,'.'D
THE CHARACTEP DEL WILœ RETURN YOU TO THE
SYMBOL -.
When ycu have seen enough of the list, type a control-o ($o) to interrupt printing.
2O
-----------------------------------------------------------
Site information is broken into main categories. To browse through this information
the user will type, for example:
-show sri-arc n
(SRI-ARC) Stanford Research Institute
Augmentation Research Center (ARC)
Network Information Center (NIC)
Choose one by typing, for example: show personnel CR
( FUNCT I ON )
(ADDRESS)
(PERSONNEL)
(HARDWARE)
( SO FlJ ARE )
(INTERESTS)
(DOCUNTATION)
Given the list of topics about that site you can pick one by typing for example:
-s_how hardware [- Information obou th topic (possibly in the
form of a ist of secondary options) wiZl be
pnved, Oe cn. directly access information
obou a specific vopic zd site by typin the
site ident foed by colon and the topic
as shown in steps and 10 below.
To display a table of all the computers available on the Network:
-s_how compu,ters [-
To display a table of programs available online:
-s_how prorams [
To display the interests of a particular site:
-s_how mit-dmcq:interests IC---
(INTERESTS) Material describing T-D'.C's inverss wiiZ
be typed.
Type tO to stop printing at any point.
10.
11.
To display the personnel at a particular site:
-s_how sri-arc:personnel
(PERSONNEL)
STATION AGENT...
To return to the EXEC:
-quit F
21
-----------------------------------------------------------
SCENARIO FOR NIC DOCUMENT LOCATOR AND BROWSING SYSTEM
This scenario demonstrates use of S to access and browse in selected documents online.
Locator is normally used by people with some knowledge and experience in using NLS.
12.
13.
14.
To enter the online (NLS) system at SRI-A_RC:
[anls 4Jhen NS is ready for you to type it will print
its pt character, ""
To access LOCATOR:
*l_oad f_ile locator
To list documents that you can reach with Locator:
*rint b_ranch .2 [
xbm xbm are codes which tell the system to print
only the parts of the file you need to see now.
ne nbers and letters preceding the name of
each document are NLS STATEMENT NUERS.
15.
To see the table of contents for a specific document, use the print branch command and
indicate the statement number of the document you want to see preceded by a period:
*p_rint b_ranch .STATEMENTNUMBER [
xeb [
You can use each item in the table of contents list to reach a file containing that
part of the document. To load and print a particular file, type:
*rint ranch .STATEMENTNUMBER [ [-
e character t is to be literally input in this
step and does not signify a control character.
Some term,,nals have a circumfZex instead of
u arrow (). They do the same thing.
The new file will print out either short text, or instructions for how to proceed.
At the end of the printout, the system will supply the name of the new file in a
special format, e.g. LOC7440.nls;8
17.
18.
To return to LOCATOR:
After execution of tzis co,m.and you will be back
in œOCATOR where you were before going to the
selected document. You can now continue to
browse in other documents by returning to step
1 above.
To leave NLS and return to the TENEX EXECUTIVE for the next scenario type:
*uit
22
-----------------------------------------------------------
A SCENARIO DEMONSTRATING THE SHARING OF A FILE STORAGE RESOURCE
This scenario demonstrates the use of extra file storage capacity at the University of California,
Santa Barbara to be used by SRI-ARC for archival purposes using a system called Simple Minded File
System (SMFS). -'
19.
To view the file to be sent to UCSB:
@copy sample
.TXT;1 try: F [OK] [
One paragraph of text -- the contents of the
file -- follows.
20.
To enter SMFS at SRI.4JlC:
@smfs [
UCSB Archival System (ver 1.O 6-SEP-72)
Message from SMFS:
is "#".
The SMFS herald character
21.
To copy the file to UCSB:
@cOPY
(TO/FROM UCSB) tO
(FILE) sample IES
(CREATE/REPLACE) cREATE
.TXT;1
When the transfer is oaolete, $MFS will respond
with its prompt character, at which point a copy
of th file will exist at UCSB.
If the message HOST NOT OPERATIONAL should appear
then go to step 29.
22.
To vrify that a copy exists at UCSB:
#lOCATE (FILE) E SAMPLE.TXT;1
Archived at UCSB
-œ
23.
24.
25.
To rename that copy:
#rENAME (FILE) [, SAMPLE.TXT;1 IC
(NEW FILE) YOURLASTNAME.txt;1
To verify that the file has been renamed at UCSB:
#I_OCATE (FILE) sample
Not archived at UCSB
#1_OCATE (FILE) YOURLASTNAME.txt;1
Archived at UCSB
To return the renamed file to SRI-ARC:
mOVE
(TO/FROM UCSB) fROM
(FILE) YOURLASTNAME.TXT;1 C ?o movies of the file now exist at SRi-ARC:
the oZinal and he renamed esion. The
copy UCSB has been deletc.
#1_OCATE (FILE) [ESq YOURLASTNAME.TXT;1 ],
Not archived at UCSB
23
-----------------------------------------------------------
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
To leave SMFS:
#UIT
This is the system's prompt character.
To verify that a second copy of the file exists at SRI-ARC:
@cop [PYOURLASTNAME E[- .TXl}l (TO)
Th text of the file follows again.
To delete the second copy you created at SRI-ARC:
@del YOURLASTNAME E[ .TXT;1
To leave the SRI-ARC system type:
@loou [
TERMINATED JOB #, USER 1CCC, ACCT
USED 0:0:19 in 0:12:0
3, TTY 52, AT 8/25/72 1453
To disconnect from host SRI-ARC:
T R CLOSED
24
-----------------------------------------------------------
HARVARD PDP-10 === HOST #9
The Harvard system interacts character-at-a-time and initially assumes local echoing at the TIP.
The attention getting character is ETX, i.e., control-C. The prompt character is period. DEL or
Rubout deletes the previous character. 'o stops printout.
To reset TIP parameters:
@ r [[ Tgr.inal-dependent parameters set hereß
@ i - TIP to insert LF after CR.
To connect to Harvard:
@ L J' J'"
LOGGER
T R OPEN
Harvard 5S0401-31X 16:54:22
.Please LOGIN or ATTACH, or type HELP for help.
To obtain help:
.help [
ß KJOB
The HELP command prints helpful documentation for various commands
and programs. 'HELP ' prJnts a summary of all help texts
available. 'HELP NAME' prJnts the docwnentation for the N' xm
command or prograph.
To see what help exists:
ß help [
attach echo help
.KJOB
impcom kjob login logout
To log into Harvard:
ß login [ 74,365
Job 10 Harvard 5s0401-3tx TIY30
password:
iccc Mask is typed for password.
1657 DATE DAY
To get system status information:
.systat
status of harvard 5S0401-31X at TIME on DATE
uptime 28:09:04, 86%null time : 85%idle +lSlost
9 jobs in use out of 12 9 logged in, 3 detached
job who line what size(K) state
Tc ];g printout continues.
run time
25
-----------------------------------------------------------
To
use PPL: See manual for complete instructions.
PPL H.47(133) 17-SEP-72
4+4
8 PPœ evaluates the expression typed.
20*30 - --
6O0
40+40*50
2040 Evaluation is from right to left.
s(-"this is a string" n
s[4] I-C'T1
S Pint 4th element of S
s [3]-' a n
THAT IS A STRING
$complex=[rp:real,ip:real] $ n
z-complex(3.2,5.6)
[RP:3.2,IP:5.6]
rp(z) n
Orecares constructor, selector, and
, predicate, below.
Contrctor used to make dta of speaified type.
3.2
ip(z) n
5.6
z==real -
FALSE
z:=complex -
TRUE
Get the "real part" of z. Selectors used to get at parts of
dta using definition.
Get the "imaginary part" of z.
The predicat "z is real" is false.
The predicate "z is complex" is tue.
8. To exit PPL, type control-C, i.e., ETX.
On a teletype, holding down key, strike C key.
9. To leave the Harvard system, kill your Job:
CONJ:IRM: k_ - K will delete unprotected files.
job #, user [74,365] logged off try -, 1717 DATE
runtime # min, # sec
If the computer asks you to CONFIRM at this point,
just ype a .
10. To disconnect:
26
-----------------------------------------------------------
SAIL AP Hotline === }lOST #11
The AP Hotline is a direct Associated Press news line carrying national and international
news.'7--'-i AP Hotline'has been interfaced [o the SAIL system at the Stanford Artificial
Intelligence Laboratory. Any terminal on the ARPA Network can be turned into an AP news
line by running program "HOT" at SAIL. __
In addition, the APE system at SAIL processes the AP Hotline continuously, collecting its
stories into an on-line data base of news information. This data base can be accessed via
a keyword system by running the program APE at SAIL.
SAIL prefers to do its own echoing, a character at a time. Its attention getting character
is control-c ("C"). WRen a program is expecting input, typing one ?C will cause a return
to the command level. Typing two C's will cause an unconditional return to the command
level, even during program outpun. To delete the previously typed character on input, type DEL
or RUBOUT. To delete an entire input line, type control-u ("?U"). The executive command
interpreter uses period (".") as its prompt character. It has' been observed that the system
will type "TI}OUT" on a few spurious occasions; typing carriage return () has been
observed to bring good results.
1. To set up the TIP to talk to SAIL, type the following:
LOGGER
T R OPEH
"Echo remote", SAIœ prefers to echo, character by character.
"Insert linefeed" after eoe carziage return.
Cause T=? "Logger" to connect to SAIL, HOST #11.
CIP says ou are being connected.
TIP says ?ou are connected, both "Transmit" and 'eceipe".
2. After you have been connected to SAIL by the TIP, you must log in. SAIL may type
out a number of messages before you can login, so be patient. Typing C's will suppress
message output after a while. A typical interaction is shown below:
SAIL PDP-10.
.......... Messages f the da; they ca be sppressed with C's.
loin ic,cc [] You ma? a message back sa?ing "are you sre?". If this
7œappens, ust type "yes C "
JOB 27 STANFORD 6.09B 9-i9-72
FRIDAY 22-SEP-720944
TC
You are ,:w ogged into SAIL; tke "." is th executipe
system r..npt character.
To run the Hotline program:
ß œ .- hot 'C--R
...ASSOCIATED PRESS NEWS...
O26
EXPLORER SATELLITE 260 .--
CAPE KENNEDY, FLA. (AP).
TO HURL...
tC
ATHREE-STAGE DELTA ROCKET IS POISED FOR A!I ATTEMPT TONIGHT
7h AP .E':_-iine 'œ] vUpe nm::c storo cn ucr console as thcq,
9om6 o'½z' vhe J :c'.'o line. f ::o:,',c arc o zc:zs sopie:
omiug, ..cur e,.cZ wit/ ,f- siZ.:tZZ, , waft.[>:. At an?
27
-----------------------------------------------------------
5o
6o
To ru the APE program:
ß r a_ Run APE, a program to give on-Zinc access vo a daca
of AP news information.
TYPE "?" AND RETURN AT ANY TIME FOR HELP.
KEYWORD EXPRESSION: ?
.................. A brief helpful message is typed.
KEYWORD EXPRESSION: nixon
12 NEWS ITEM(S) FOUNDß READ WHICH ONE(S)? 1_
APE will search its news data for stories which conin
the word "NIXON", it wil tell you how many it has found,
and ask how many of them you ould like to see. And so on.
To logout of SAIL:
C Type control-c to return to the executive; it will prompt
with period (".").
kjob - "Kill" your job to log out.
JOB 28, IC,CC LOGGED OFF TTY 122 10:50 22 SEP-72
.11 HOURS, CONSOLE TIME
.08 MINUTES, CPU TIME
.40 K AVEPAGE CORE
KJOB
To close the SAIL connection:
T R CLOSED
28
-----------------------------------------------------------
MIT-AI PDP-10 === HOST
The MIT Artificial Intelligence Laboratory runs its own ITS time-sharing system on a PDP-10.
ITS prefers to do its own echoing, even cross-country.
To set TIP parameters and connect to MIT-AI:
ITS.761. DDT.460.
7. USERS
Reset the TIP, terminal-dependent setup here.
"Echo remote", TIP will not echo.
Press Z while holding down the key marked "CTRœ"
or "CONTROL". This indicates to the system that
you desire avtention.
At this point the system may type what is known
as "the message of the day" which is usually of
general interest to the evedy users of the
system. It my be ignored, generally, without
any loss of continuity.
To login to MIT-AI:
:login FF] iccX, XX,
XXX should be yo initials. This tells the
system wo you are and is necessary before you
can proceed any further. Note, there is no promt;
y mut type the ":"
To run the program JOTTO:
:jotto
JOT COIPUTATION IS ONE-TO-ONE LETTER TCHING
WOULD YOU LIKE TO GO FIRST?
JOTT0 is a word gama played by two players: yourself and the program. Each player
thinks up one fiva letter secret word. The object of the game is to guess your opponent's
secret word by deducing which lette=s it contains. You do this by presenting your
opponent with a five letter test word.
Your opponet then tells you how many of the letters in that word match the letters in his
secret word. The message about one-to-one letter matching means that if your test word
was "SISSY" and the program's secret word was "TEARS", the number of matching letters or
"JOTS" would be one. The same is true if the test word was "TEARS" and the secret word
was "SISSY". You and your opponent alternately give each other test words and number o
"jots" until one of you guasses the othar's sacret word.
Note: Carriage retuns (} are not required
to terminate your input. The system automatically
responds to you ofter you type five characters
to specify your word or one number to specify
nber of
WOULD YOU LIKE TO GO FIRST?
zES
YOUR iEST WORD: stare
0 JOTS
Y TEST WORG: TEARS
I JOT
Chis particular itraction i for iLLustrative
u_oses only. CDTTO choses its own word
diferentL' ec.k ime.
29
-----------------------------------------------------------
YOUR TEST WORD: mound
1 jOT
MY TEST WORD: DEIGN
I JOT
YOUR TEST WORD: child
3 JOTS
MY TEST WORD: SPILL
I JOT
YOUR TEST WORD: dill S
1 JOT
MY TEST WORD: BONUS
0 JOTS
YOUR TEST WORD: chp.
MOBY FO0, YOU WINI SHALL I KEEP GUESSING?
zES
MY TEST WORD: LEECH
1 JOT
MY TEST WORD: MADLY
I JOT
IIY TEST WORD: ACIDS
2 JOTS
MY TEST WORn: ALIKE
3 JOTS
IS YOUR WORD KHAKI?
zES
WOULD YOU LIKE TO GO FIRST?
z
1451 .IOT 1,1
:kill
At this point the game starts over again. en
you are tired of playing this game you may go
on to the next one by typing the following:
nis message indicates that at the time you
typed tz, the program was waiting for a reply
to its question.
This indicates to the system that you are through
playing JOTTO and are ready to do something else.
To run and use the program CHESS:
:chess [
setd [ Z
This tells the CHESS program to look ahead only
one moe. The program is capable of playing a
ch better game by looking ead several moves,
however, this ties up a substantial portion of
the sysem's resources :d takes on the average
five minutes per moe. For the purposes of this
demonstration, SETD l is js't right.
At this point you may choose eœther black or white. If you choose white then type:
pb This ells the program to play black.
p-k4
Ioves are typed in standard chess notation. If you make a mistake while typing a move,
simply type a RUBOUT and then start typing the move over again. The program will type
out its moves as it makes them.
3O
-----------------------------------------------------------
P/K2-K4 0.4 IN I .0 nis is typi½Z first moue for the program. This
means that the program used O. 4 seconds of machine
time and 1.0 seconds of reZ time to generate its
move.
At any time you may have the program type out the position by typing:
The board will be typed out in a fashion similar to the following:
BR BN BB BQ BK BB BN BR
BP BP BP BP ** BP BP BP
** -- ** -- BP -- ** --
-- ** -- ** WP ** -- **
WP WP WP WP -- WP WP WP
WR WN WB WQ WK WB WN WR
-- indicates a white square and ** indicates a
black square.
The program also detects impossible or ambiguous moves and informs you of the fact.
may then proceed to type in a legal move.
At the end of tha game, or if you get tired, you should type:
$Z
You
To log out of the system:
:1o9out
To disconnect from the AI system:
31
-----------------------------------------------------------
REMOTE JOB SERVICE === HOSTS #69 AND #65
A typical remote job entry capability is demonstrated by the following scenario of the Remote
Job Service offered between Tenexes and the UCLA 360/91. A simple FORTRAN job created on a
PDP-10 at BBN is submitted via a Remote Job Servic (RJS) subsystem to an IBM-360/91 at UCLA.
Various checks are made before the start and during the running of the job to determine its
status. The output is then retrieved from UCLA and scanned at BBM.
1. To
setup the TIP and connect to BBN, type:
LOGGER
R OPEN I OPEN
BBN-IENEX 1.g9.6, SYSIEM-A EXEC 1.43
Reset the TIP, termiZ-dependent setup done here.
Connect to BBN, HOST #69.
To
log into BBN, type:
@1o9. iccc F iccc [P] 11514
The password (i.e., the second "iccc") is
not echoed.
JOB 20 ON TTY107 8-SEP-72 13:47
@ind, IC Suppress formfeeds for the following listings.
To
type out sample RJE FORTRAN submission, type:
@type [ fort.;11C
; FORT.;1 THU 31-AUG172 4:23P1 PAGE 1
//CPW502F JOB
//PASSWORD EBRAHPiI
//FORT.SYSIN DD *
WRTE (6,0)
FORMAT (35X,9H*HEADING*)
DO 10 I=1,50
lo WRITE (6,50) I
50 FORMAT(1X,I2)
STOP
END This sample program causes the first fift
integers to be printed.
To start the BBN and UCLA 360/91 RJS subsystem, type:
ENTER YOUR TERMID netanyt F Tenex requests an IP so it can Login (for yoN)
at tlze UCLA 360/9Z.
NRJ876I NETWORK REMOTE JOB SERVICE READY
RJS750I TERMINAL NETANYT HAS SiS'lED ONTO RJS
tlon (i.e., you, Tenex, and the 360/9l) by
announcing a auccc:;/'ul connection and logJL.
RJS652I INFORMATION ALERT
RJS661I E;D OF SYST[!,I ALERTS
33
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To ge status of jobs submitted from this terminal, type:
/status F jobs F You type a co,mdwhich is forwarded o the
360/91 requesti the status of any jobs which
may hae been submitted from your terminal
previously.
RJS783I TERMINAL STATUS CHANGED
RJS8041 TERMINAL NETANYT HAS NO JOBS ACTIVE
To request list of all linas active into RJS, type:
/status lines F Another status request is sent to the $S0/91 to
examine the current status of other ports into
the 360/91RJS system.
RjS8001 TERMINAL FORESTRY ACTIVE ON LINE2
RJS800I TERMINAL NETANYT ACTIVE ON LINE6
RJS800I TERMINAL NETLL67 ACTIVE ON LINEIO
To submit the sample job to RJS, type:
END FROM fort.; You type this command to Tenez instructing it to
cooperate with the 360/91 in the transfer of
your job submission.
ll SENT
RJS534I JOB CPW502F ACCEPTED BY RJS -OOOOOll CARDS READ
A total of eleven cards (the sample program
above) were sent from Tenex to the 360/91 for
submission as RJS batch job.
To eheck status of submitre& job (as above). type:
/status .[- jobs. F
RJS810I TERMINAL NETANYT HAS THE FOLLOWING JOBS IN RJS
RJS812I CPW502F XEQ 000 Zoum job is n execution
/saus
At some later time (possibly only a few tens of seconds) and possibly (but not typically)
after a complete disconnection/reconnection with the 360/91, you will ask for status from
the P-JS system and find that your job has run and that the printable output is ready
for retrieval.
RJS802I TERMINAL NETANYT HAS 1 XEQ JOB(S)
RJS48I PRINT OUTPUT FOR JOB CPW502F NOW AVAILABLE, PRTY:070,
/status [ jobs
RJS810I TERMINAL NETANYT HAS THE FOLLOWING JOBS IN RJS
RJS812I CPW502F PRT 070
To retrieve RJE outputitypa:
priNT TO jobout - NEW FIL F You type this con,hand to Tenex telling i to
cooperate with the 360/91 to bring the output
of your FORTRAN job back to Tenex for eamination
as file JOBOUT.
r - PR=142
34
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10.
11.
During transmission of your output from the 360/91 to Tenax, you can ask for a progress
report if you grow impatient.
r - PR=258
289 PRINTED
qUITTING
When th transmission of your output is complete,
yoar notified and the number of output lines
delivered is indicated.
Now that the output of your sample Job has returnad from the 360/91, you can QUIT using
RJS and return to the Tenex system to look at the results. Because the output from RJS
submissions is intended for line-printer processing, it is somewhat awkward to view
results from an interactive terminal. You will now use an on-line editor (TECO) on
Tenex to scan through the large output file for the desired results. Bringing such out-
put to a line-printer connected to the TIP is possible and can be demonstrated.
To scan output with on-line editor, TEC0, type:
@teco [-
INPUT FILE:
Instruct Tenem to start TECO.
Request file input, ESCAPE (i.e., ALTMODE,
denoted 'SC") terminates TœCO commands.
jobout [ CONFIRM [
Cue TECO to look into the RJS output file
created above.
16889 CHARS
2s'HEADING* E[
*20t E[
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
lO
ll
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
2O
Search for the second occurrence of the string
"*HEADING*" in the output file; this marks th
beginning of the output desired.
Type 20 lines of output (20 lines past th header).
The first 20 lines of output are the first 20
integers, as expected from the submitted
sample FORTRAN program.
To
logout and disconnect, type:
?C
@lobout iCR !
K1LLœ0 JOB Z0, USER ICCC, ACCI
USED 0:0:28 IN 0:13:41
T R CLOSED
Type control-c to retuz to the time-sharing
system command level.
, TTY 107, AT 9//08//72 t400
35
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MATHLAB 'S MACSYMA === HOST #198
MACSYMA (pronounced "maxima"), Project MAC's SYmbolic MAnipulation system, is a large computer
program, written in LISP, devoted to the manipulation of algebraic expressions. bCSYMA runs
under the ITS time-sharing system (originally de-eloped at the MIT Artificial Intelligence
LaBoratory), on the Mathlab PDP-10 computer at MIT.
With a syntax resembling ALGOL 60, MAcSYMA has capabilities for manipulating algebraic expressions
involving constants, variables, and functions. The user can differemtiate, integrate, taka
limits, solve equations, factor polynomials, expand functions in power saries, plot curves, etc.
A user can also manipulate lists, subscripted variables, and matrices with many of the usual
operators. Only a few of the system's many capabilities are demonstrated here. ?s stops printout.
1. To
set TIP parameters and connect to the MATHLAB PDP-10:
LOGGER
T R OPEN
MIT MATHLAB PDP-IO
ITS.761. DDT.460.
7. USERS
Reset TIP, terminal-dependent setup hera.
'cho remote", echo at remote HOST.
Connects to MATHLAB PDP-IO
You are now talking to DDT, ITS's top-leveZ program.
The time-shrng system is waiting for you to log in.
'To login, type:
,:login iccxxx [
Login as ICCXXX, XXX being your initials.
Typing mistakes can be corrected by hitting the
RUBOUT or DEL key which cses the last character
typed to be deleted and echoed.
To raturn to time-sharing level from a job such as MACSYMA, type a control-z
(denoted "z"), the ITS attention character:
A control character is typed by hoZding down the
ICTRL> key whiZe typing the specified cha-cter,
in this case a "z"
4. To get status of users, type:
To print monitor commands:
6. To get helpful information, type:
:help [
To send a message concerning some bug or problem with bblCSYbbi, exiL to the timc-siaring
system with control-z (" A Z") and type:
:m(lj l--]lnacsvmal S... nlul ti -Line msqjjll)e ..
//ote that controZ-c ("l'c
37
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To usm MACSYMA, type:
: macs;/ma
MACSYMA requests inpu by typing an input line label,
like "(C1)" below.
To work with the expression (x+l), you can type it in by using FORTRAN-like
syntax as follows:
(C1) (x+l)**3@@
A bIACSYMA input line is usually terminated with an at sign ("@"). To get the TIP to
send out an at sign ("@"), the user must type "@@" and this will be echoed as "@@@".
Dollar-sign ("$") may be used to terminate a MACSYMA command when the user wishes display
of the result to be suppressed. MACSYMA does not distinguish between upper and lower
case characters. In the above case, evaluation and simplification are null operations.
CSYMA will come back with:
3
(X+l)
(D1)
(C2)
Note that your expression is displayed in a two-
dimensional notation omable to that of a teztbook.
Your result is assigned a label, D1, which may be used
in subsequent commands.
MACSYMA automatically labelled the next input line C2.
Let us use one of the over One hundred commands available in MACSYMA, a command for
expanding expressions. Commands are written in functional notation, as follows:
(C2) expand(dl)@@
3 2
(D2) X + 3 X + 3 X + 1
One of the first things you will want to learn is how to correct your input line. There
are several possible methods. You may delete the last character typed by hitting the
RUBOUT or DEL key once. Doing so will cause the deleted character to be echoed. Some-
times you just wish to start all over again. To do this type "??" (i.e., two question
marks), which deletes the current line. Editing is a more complex facility than you will
need at first. We will not enter into it here, so you might as well retype your command,
taking care to avoid errors.
Let us consider a few additional commands and facilities. To differentiate an expression,
use DIFF(expr,var). Here "expr" is the expression or its name, "var" is the variable
with respect to which differentiation is to be performed.
(C3) sin(x)*cos(x)@@
(D3) COS(X) SIN(X)
(C4) diff(%,x)@@ 2 2
(D4) COS (X) - SIN (X)
Note the use of percent sign ("%") in C4. The symbol
"%" always represents the previous expression, in this
case D3.
To differentiate an expression twice, use DIFF(expr,var,2):
(CS) diff(d3,x,2)@@
(DS) -4 COS(X) SN(X)
/here are a number of ways for effecting a substitution of one expression for another
inside of a third. For example:
(C6) z*%e**z@@
(D6) Z %E Z
(C7) d6,z=x**2@@
(D7) X2 %E x2
38
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