The American labor movement, its past, its present, its future

The American
Labor Movement

Its Past
Its Present
Its Future

IOC

by JAY LOVESTONE

Editor ^'Workers Age'*

The American Labor
Movement

Its Past, Present and Future

by
JAY LOVESTONE

Editor^ Workers Age

WORKERS AGE PUBLISHING ASS'N.

228 Second Avenue

New York, N. Y.

ubi

Libmy

University of Ta^^^

^"stfn, Texas

Some Specific Features of the Labor
Movement in America

'I'he founders of the international revolutionary
Miovcment long ago realized the significance and the
|»ol(Mitialities of the American working class. Engels in
i U'ttcr to Mrs. Wischnewetzky (Florence Kelley) on
finic 3, 1886 wrote;

**The breaking out of class war in Amer-
ica would be for the bourgeoisie of the whole
world what the breakdown of Russian Czar-
ism would be for the great military monarchs
of Europe — the snapping of their mainstay." :

The history of the American labor movement has
proved the essential correctness of this analysis and
perspective.

* * *

SOME SPECIFIC FEATURES OF THE AMER-
ICAN LABOR MOVEMENT

The international revolutionary leaders have al-
ways recognized the special conditions under which the
American trade union and labor movements have de-
veloped. Contrary to the average notion that Marx-
ism is dogmatism and that Marx, Engels and Lenin
were "prophets", it is well to emphasize for general
consujmption and for particular notice by formal Com-
munists that the founders and builders of scientific So*
rialism specifically warned against turning working
riass theory "into a dogma, into a petrified orthodoxy,
into a symbol of belief," instead of using it as a "guide
to action". In line with this approach, let us sugr
Kcst some of the concrete features peculiar to the de-
velopment of the American labor movement.

h The continued availability of free land, up to
late a date as the close of the century, meant that
ihtre was no serious feudal background in this country,.

[3]

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adjunct of the government, sterile and worthless

We may grant at the outset the left wing's diffi
culties in capturing the whole A. F. of L. or any of
its big international unions. There is slight chanc<
of attaining such objectives within the next few years
But the point is that the revolutionary work in the
conservative unions is not conditional upon the prac
tical possibility of capturing the machinery, the ap-^
paratus, of these unions as such. Rather it should con-
cern itself with winning a majority of these masses for
militant class struggle policies. The transformatio
of these organizations into genuine fighting organs o
the working class should be the cardinal aim of revo
lutionary activities in reactionary unions. In this we
see our greatest hope and opportunity. But the deser-
tion of the conservative unions by the militant forces
leads only to splits and divisions, to the destruction
of organizations built thru years of struggle. Regard-
less of the revolutionary-sounding tom-tom heralding
this ultra-left course, Lenin's diagnosis of the infan-
tile paralysis in Communism retmains a timely warn-
ing. It would be well for these half-baked "radicals"
to come down to earth and to change their tactics lest
the alarm signals become distress signals and the
official Communist Party is stranded on a small, pure,
ideological island. j

There could be nothing more fatal to the American
labor movement in general and the revolutionary move-
ment in particular than the illusion that the A. F. of
L. can no longer grow and has no future. It is silly to
look at the existing American trade union movement
with its 3,000,000 mejmbers as stationary, unchangeable
As we have seen, profound changes are developing in
the ranks of the labor movement. An influx of masses
into the old unions, the A. F. of L, and the like, is
entirely possible. We have seen how the base of the
labor aristocracy is being undermined. In the 90
when British imperialism occupied the internationa
position now held by the United States, the trade unior
movement in Great Britain was like the American trad
union movement today, ultra-reactionary in its lead
ership and policies. Skilled elements with narrow guil

[20]

liiidilions then dominated the British trade union move-
iiii'iil .

Hut the first shaking of the British Empire brought
ilir "new unionism" and a new leadership. Hundreds
"i lliousands of unskilled and semi-skilled workers
iH.iiicd into the British unions and brought a new
Ittcath of life into the organizations. Our own ex-
iM-rience, during the war, when several tmillion new
vvoricers entered the A. F. of L., was similar. One
< .innot of course overelmphasize the fact that the A.
!•' of L. officialdom was not responsible for this mass
infkix of yesterday. Today, they generally oppose the
"pcning of the trade union ranks to new workers. To-
morrow, they may be counted upon actively to resist.
N ct we must keep in mind that such social and econ-
omic forces as another war or a wave of new class
■iruggles growing out of the present crisis are far more
powerful than the corruption and machinations of the
(Irecns, the Wolls, and other trade union leaders of
I heir type.

The outlook is clearly for an ingress into the
trade unions, for sharpened class conflicts involving
millions of workers in trade unions as well as the
millions of sorely-pressed unorganized. In the course
<tl' these struggles the unorganized are likely to pour
i;jto the unions and finally they vill serve as the de-
cisive force, the leaven germinating a new spirit of
slruggle, militancy and power in these organizations.

Towards international working class unity: The

\iiierican labor movement, strengthened in number and
influence, will continue its developjment — craft to in-
lUistrial unionism; trade union to political action on a
national scale; and finally achieve a world perspective
of international unity and cooperation with its Strug
r.ling brothers in Latin-America, Europe, Asia and
Africa, and the victorious proletariat in the Union of
'Hirialist Soviet Republics.

Historically the American proletariat is destined
lo play a decisive revolutionary role in the international
working class struggle because it is fighting the last
■iihI greatest stronghold of world capitalism, Yankee
imiK-rialism. The World War and the economic crisis

[21]

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The

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