The Flow Of Gases In Furnaces

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26

APPLICATION OF THE LAWS OF HYDRAULICS

the free surface of the water the pressure will be equal to the
pressure of a column of air whose height is measured by H+5
and whose weight is 1.29X(H+d) kg. This column of air is
in equilibrium with a column of hydrogen whose height is H
and with a column of water with a height <5, the existence of
which can only be explained by a rarefaction of the hydrogen in
the bottom of the vessel B. It is on account of this rarefaction
that the equilibrium at the top may be maintained by the drop
of water.

It is not difficult to compute the value of this depression by

_________means of the general formula:

O 0

- 5 = #-1.29-0.06927-(ff+S)-1.29.

It may be noted that this is what
takes place in all chimneys (Fig. 21),
which are simply open-topped en-
closures filled with a light gas. As in
the preceding case, the waste gases at
the base of the chimney have a pressure
less than the pressure of the atmos-
phere. This phenomenon is well known
as the depression produced by the
chimney. (1)

FIG. 21.

The following problem remains to be considered:
In the heating chamber of an open-hearth furnace the pressure
of the hot gases is in equilibrium with the atmospheric pressure.
From the heating chamber the gases at a temperature of 1600°
pass to the regenerators. There they give up a portion of their
heat and are finally reduced to a temperature of 400° at the
chimney. The weight of a cubic meter of these gases being 1 kg 30,
what is the hydrostatic pressure which will be found at the level
of the bottom of the regenerators, when the distance down from
the heating chamber is 6 m? From what has gone before it may be
seen that the pressure at the level of the bottom of the regenerators
will be negative. In order to set the hot and light gases in motion
and cause them to descend through the regenerator, the chimney
must draw these gases from the heating chamber and accordingly
C1) Note by English translator. — Very often the waste gases in the chimney
do not fill the entire area of the stack, due to their high ascensional velocity.