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244

APPENDIX VII

time the seal is broken until it is reestablished, the full suction
of the stack acts to pull air or gas, and in some cases both, into the
stack.

With some valves, the furnace itself is directly connected to the
stack through both regenerators, at reversal, so that a portion of
the stack-pull tends to draw air in at the doors. This may or

Hamber of Furnaces of Each Size
113224         13     4           4

16 15 14 B 12 11 §10
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0      10     20     30     40     50    60     70     80     90    100   200
Tons., Nominal Capacity of. Furnace
FIG. 160.—Graphical Comparison of Gas Valve Areas of Various Open-hearth
Furnaces.
may not be seriously objectionable, according to the distance
between the valve and the furnace and the rapidity with which the
valve may be operated.
Moisture absorbed from water seals is a direct loss of the
amount of heat required to evaporate it and superheat it to the
temperature at which it passes out of the regenerator to the stack.
In addition, its dissociation probably occurs in the checkers, which
may release some oxygen to combine with other combustibles at