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G.H.5- Y*? J ,fa-'f©-/77vf'fXAC 

t A*tu**o t ») kit 5 - K**sra tft r*sp* 

-> > ** ;i/ J (significant symbol) i- <£ & A ^ <£> ffl £ 

iusae*, rumj (self) Kiwtaaa&M?!/- 

m±bLX, ; yiJ^m^.X\tm^hfli>l^{Zfj:^ 
3 ) ±iEOA£o<7)&HK££ fcftfc -># =^ 

ft& *■<*>#»£«, mmm (=??;&#£ *><*> 

i<*^¥m±£¥xi±, wimm^vfcRzmMir 
htz>sb\z\t, ®imm%<7)mm*mm*&£x, * 

C0WW\zm'i&. L ft (ttUfft <b ft v^i: #x. lb it -5 £ 
ii:bTv>^ i£, -?-<7>J: 3 &#*.*£# 

#4fH?^BIfi, 3Mft, afS^^lfe^ [ca-7 
> • K 3r J- ^ > r J (human document) ^1118 $ tl 



ST'fg-£KMLTW^ft<b(2\ *-*Ui, AW 

on&mmAnmiwM:^ rtt&ttttsflUBj 

(social interaction) & jl lb T )TM ^tttV^tv^ 

flJB&Ki(K*£:HT^<& (-rya-f^r-T^ya 
y\ (joint action) f&) tt|Z,fi|:o^tf ^ 
ft lb if, -?"<£>* &!&iV>j^g£, 7">-v-<£>v> 
#'J 7 ^ffiSbfFfflir^a^t LTffifi^ttilT 
V»4 rgSffiSf^fflJ (self interaction) «&KJL 

* J (standpoint of the actor) ^h<DT~fu—^-) 

h z. b \z x o -cfifs^ort wfflffi* w e> *»t=i-* 

&AK<75i*lJIW£< A^A-Cv9>< iir&nrtlic 
Sftffll^J, HMttJl^H, 1976#, 76M). 

3) [ttg¥<Dj&AL&*m&zm&zx, rxrata 
&5£<7>« *p a is t Lxtm-zmhtix ztzb^^ 
if, tzizc\<D !Ambtt£b<D?m} am^z 

i-ewa^^56(c#4LT^^:fcv>^ • • • • 

tft^*>, -^jc riis^i@A±«Kfta^^Ki 
#aj zwi.i&ibz>i><Db, muK immztt^ 

(*'Lv ±«»4tt^f^»#*J £#L)iJ6&*><7> 

ci;i *'<>v—<D%jm±mttmA±mzM-t 

%> f ; ;'. y A co«m, aftflg tflAi«Wft AH 

sti>i paatt^i^tt <b ttrv>^ l, -e-o&tfv?- 

V > X'»}i^f|;j!tt^ n > ^* (Wrong.D.H.) <D 
ra^ftiiflJWA^IIJ (the oversocialized concep- 



tion of man) flfcfl 



«i, ®s^a^ (^« 



■79- 



m w 



54 -t 



mmmz.^bfcx^tztmk.&x&h^ ■ • • •„ 

*JSfc»£»*fll£& L i 9 t Ltz i><D%<DX°$)&l 
(ftJH 5], r H. G. 7 ;u-t-<7) •>>*'■; -yaffil: 

(¥$ 7 ifjg • *^fc*¥*^ISX*Bf%S. . fc±ijfi 
ftHS), K«*¥**KX^W^S, 1996^, 3 

JO. 

4) *ift<z>£3*<7)eit0>i*jilu:*£<Djfc±a&x<0 

gg (S3S) fc-ltUTVS. HiLLO i t \z$c* 

a* rftK-aswj TN&ajjf&fc, tt&**i-g# 

7'^-^-#^JaLTtt«t/i3i^- • • • fctt, 
^MW^i3:fi^*^7*;v-T-c7)5;^ • • • • * 

Si#i^ffi^-t<5£i5&*m#fc<so-c*£ -for 
;i/--?-(7) \tL^l *, 7>--v-{i • • • • Jil 
T^i?^SftLTv^ (QtfiO IA?)77°n- 
f- (yysl?'j7?«Iftffl») -Cli, • - ■ -A* 

S^KHt4ffi« ( = **) fcfciiv*, *fc, 
Tv^ ^t^t^j^^^ ?> * S *l^ t-tt/^-Ci5 »> , 

hZtim^X, teftZtifct), i&ftstLtzt), 
^tbhtifz"), ^Ztitz<9LXi®<o • • • • 
A*l±HW;:&4ofc;Bb£;"?T7 p n-f-L, ^& 



£v>tf>-e** J Cefefr] • • • •*I(?)^^f'- 

ftfflȣ> PlltJ (= F^-h^^-vJ) tC*5*t 
&, \Y-t^'y?l fcv>LI± r^WWHWIJ <?>§& 
££H«i L/iAtFicDilfgWHWi, foH 
#$«BHt£ ftt^J (= \*JaJ>h • TVs a 

f^ffllttc*W* rfr*#i:*t£fc0>KH*J S#J 
<¥« 7 #Jt • l|:ib±^±^3Z^W£*4 • li±^ 
ftltX), *^b*¥*¥KX*flf^W, 1996^, 41 
W-42H). 

5) H*wig?EMa-«s»«[K« (tir, raajEK 

SJ tB&fB) cof&£7n-tx (^*-XA) 4:, 
W.F.tV^-XD TiftSifJ (cultural lag) ffl 

"-fti" dag) #£ i: a fc </* -9 o fib*., ft® 

jatiK^s«f, *awnHj#j], aiE«ji<b= mm 
-ittsfcM&etcL ^mmxit= [0*a^?e 



80 — 



Mik±¥m&mmic m±) ow^ 



&.WL, *#«]) <D%i%k$LZtzt><DX°&hZhi-m 

±»:£^0>SB8»iii;:o^Tii, mt±^s:^^ 

1997^, 68M*i«<7) r<#is>j, %V7ommm<D 

6) r- • ■ •*«?«, rgEffisf^fflj «t^t<7) 

-> > ** >j y ? ffisftffl i& ?> rai^j \zmi& r < 

rH.G.7>-v-(7)v>#iJ-y^ffli:fffflii(C*5 
lt* rfr*#i:ti#tOHffiJ S=#J (¥J&7*£- 

*¥*¥ISX¥ffi&:PI-, 1996*, 5H). ft*3, Jt 

rS^A^i^«^51*n 1995*J, nabA^i 
^$15, ¥J&8*, 41M, 3071;, 310K, 315H, 319 

i*Tli, m^bA^S:^gBg31fii^^J£Sl# 

(a), r*:ii:*9&s:¥«0>sfflii 1995*1 m^b 

*^£^g|5, ¥J&8*, 41 W, 307M, 310H, 315 
H, 319JC, *#BB. ft£, *#W?*»X5J^« 

KifcfeT*3^;t 

#), 1994*, 97H [J #13) (=(i25))) * 

lcKWr«*^#lii:l/T, «* 11, 7';u-v- 

<7) rgE#<DS«ic^t§<wfauii#ij>cD^^j (= 

XflR (ft/f s], 1994*, FH.G.7"JU-V-<D*± 



gfi?6&, [» : ttmz ft^Ua, ±# : ) £*± 
¥, 7 3 310) £#*/r#fl<D£M (&M [ ^|], 

1995*, [/\-M'- h • 7" JU- "7- £>->>**'./•;/? 

ffi:5fMllC*W$<fT*#fct&#i:roH0i>lf 
#J, S4201Mfctt#¥£*£, i£$fi£, (J*:) 
IMbA^, 7E8 B) 0)5S^roXIRlZ*i>TfTo 
fc (AS, 1996* a (=1)16)], 55M U #B8) 

((»a7))). caff) *w c=(«a8))] n, 
7>-v-tz*5^r rtt^j if mte-nm 

5fcUfc»*<7>fc±¥ftlHS: (ftJS, 1996*a) 

(«ii4) c=(ma9))] *t)tc, ■*<&«<&»* 

roW^JS* (HJR C ^), 1996*, [H.G.7JU- 
■7-cD v ># "J 7 ?ffiSftfflllC* WS 'M@A t 



*±#" £<7)M#|f#j, £43EIJIMI:tt£3&#* 



SA4 



CK:] Sft*¥, 7^130) fcEgSx. 



rS-fbJ &60*$ 3 • 4^, *4t*¥X¥#, 1997 
*, 68*). 



0) Ttt^fk (socialization) ASULT, >X<D^-D(D 
MMX~%^htl&o 1) ^Stt^^*0*^«E^i: 
LT, fHBA*>ffi£ftffl*KJ:i), *BI*^a^*^ 
3g|£5^nriili:*4ji® • ■ • • 2) il (Mi^) 
^WBfti'o****, fAteftff^^f.a^W • * 
m#j%i><D^tW:z.hti&z.t • • • • 3) flA 

tt^^w^nfflg t lt# < fflv> <b*taoij 3 ) 
^fb>;i-?-tL(c#joi-sfiA^*3tt-5>fS:ffl*<7)^# 






— 81 — 



m % 



54 ^■ 



£#i:£-ftffc*fc UTtt^fctEgiJt^A^v^o 

#$*&!:•?* •?, S fc/<-7^ 'J r-f *£>&£*«: 
«^:t?*4 -Loft, Stf&Kjtt&ti:, WHWtt 

&ft, a»^jsk, «hi-iib!m#-xaj mm 
m, ft (S), ra^'hs* c«Miis]j, *rsnn, 

1982^, 149M-150M)o ££"?«, 3) OjftBfcT? 
fflV^tLTV^ 
1) ^O ffi^J **, 1fi#^t.«tt^t<7)MiS^^ 
V>Tft£a&i§^, -?-til± rtt^BtfJSJ (social 
action) fcH^lfft&o 

ra^wa swffi^ &s «> -law «i5Et £ * 

[Rtft (behavior ® Verhalten) ^#(7)^^fei 

ijtv^J (Ml KB, ft (II), r*±#^MvS$H 
CUMftJBOJ, *f«H, 1982^, 108M)) tt^UiX 

Tv>£|5| •)-?<£> A Wfi 1 !!) (M.^x-A-) &&v> 
ii$it*tt ^iiTW£agfIaJ&*K[6J/^^ifr$to* 
^t*^t-;^3 ^ -»?tfS®S (/-?-v>X) tv^ofc 

oHMftm^ibti&o • • • -j (mi as, 

ft (&), rtt£¥'J\B* C«M«JK)J, ^HH, 1982 

5, 163H-164M)o 

ra^Aa^wa&J =tT*afe*±ftt LAa 

*©ir^ic**±iie«iifti* (mm) t, m%^<D 
^r6]t-#SLT rtt&ttfrfcj &s*la^\ - 



*i*»«to«&*»& (i) gs^awa^ (2) 

iiffi^SfctffS (3) ISiKWff* (4) liltwa 

ffi#£-&trtt#<&##<a#si**tffl!u -a*a 

SOiWiiJ&w^&^Lti^lxk LTfiJfflt^ 

«ti-So rwt^awa&J ta, imw, m 

KWlc-fg^U igfcfclElI-*-*- £&<§*>*>» 
LA^HHcfiH i^^ffS-C* 1 ), *2Xtv>* 
«fik i f><A.S#»g*fi L »fc<flffli::B&SW£* 
BfclP^ftt & - A t #§j i t & o RS&fctfrSJ 
tit, l'|ffbL^:#<OH^»a^(7)±^^, r- 

JED], *»»»WJI6, 1987^, 42H-43H) 

rawa^aj = r^ft^wff s* *±«»^ she 

tit, 1) aS^fk L<f±«S#l=0f4i: LTit 
j$A, 2) ioaHK)aJ»*®AT^SEff**H 

sftawafli****] (Mi sh, ft (a), ra#* 

/JvS* (flHfJSOJ, £«M, 1982% 390H)o 



«£#;a 



^«'-± 



Stt?0#«ft^Sg*^tfo :<o 



fctt^fA(0:tS: HfcBIJ (group) ADf^o 

2) jsS;MF5w#aM^t/i!i*|Blo@gk^w 
JtJg;<7)A*otSi!io 

4) rjsa) rtS^ct5it**fa:kStij(D5tfttfr 



■82- 



mt-x^m&mm-x m±) m 



r tj 



Jiff [we-feeling] & tz i) t V > #*# ritiJiln 
■CV>4*a*, t>tvt>tlMM (we-group) tv^. 

ztnim^m^^m^-<DAtzio^(DMt.^mM.i 
i>-3£mz tft&mt xatiz. m±ftiv-y- 
>- 7 -?<d i> 1 -c a * la i*i k t> ti t> msflt a*a& s * 

fcS¥»*J, lffI»M, 1981*, 468M)]o 

35^5) <^5ftc0-o-o(i&SfIK<0i|J§*#o 

So i«J:9^*fflo@|B**^5tT?, -5- it* ft C 
& *fi fc ?£#J tf> 5H 1 1 frirH W 3 HbJf K it ^ t? v ^s 

4 ?£*§£-, -ti*#tC rffi«J (organization) fc 

n^-cEart a ££«>** Gfteais- r&%Jitt 
K ^MfyU-xlitfiDIMi CafctTHOJ, 

H^&WtfcJK, 1987*, 55H-56S)o 

-mz T*HJ 14, r* l **BIJ (primary group) 
i: r^2^^HJ (secondary group) (D^fcOCDit 

WftftUfog (7x^X • h* . 7x^««#) 

i*HB9 (*<DmtL-c, mm, ^o&vwm, 



©#»fc^gW<kKa^v>TJI#WK^jSS*L > 
*ffl (-g-O^lltLT, 3*# f ks, »<&, ±mi 

it, bse*^ hv>a (*eaa-, rti#*o«* 

US [SSTJR3J, HfMfcfftBJK, 1987*, 62M- 
63H) &£, £? LfcfcfflO?^, rA36»i^O 
IS, JfilBf, fffffi, *KfcJ&£LfcO, £#Lfc 

a J (reference group) iP?.£ gift&^li, l^ — 

SW*#mi:1-S -J-dTtt, #^co*ffl(73aia 
tcm»LTg^wtJJt^flWf*ffM, ggLfc»), 

j^am caiTJKjj, 3s«»i*wjk, 1987*, esw- 

66H) 

t * rf^^JJ (bureaucracy) 1 V> ? M.^-x- 
^-(4, fi«t^flJ^#KtLT, 1) «R<7>il 
lllttE^-, 2) liOtx)l/7i^-l 3) & 
&<*>#«, 4) ^#(c4S#»^a, 5) *F!*n 

* rW^SlJikJ (bureaucratization) fcV»V\ IMX 

*A»ttfc*^, f$r<7)#*^3l, a*sm^ 

c&fTfi&)j, nm%mini&, 1987*, 195M) 



■83- 



m ft 



^ i i i 54 t 



Ihfi, -J-zi-eiiAtffcti, ili«WtJ±5-«*L, 
li£Afe£ *> o TlStil WKHWdSte* L, II* 4 

(c*o*<« ftfimSoAftir, £ffifc*^< 
#7frft^W^fc&J (XM BR, ft (8), H± 
#^/Jxg$ft CflMfJEJJ, $«H, 1982*, 93M)o 

r*K*^j=rr>--^offlSo awsjfeo 

>J , atS* • W'lf * • KIT ft ft LTAffffiifr^ft 
IEL, ^^yt7fg^U:f)L, Sfc£ 

# (S), ra#*/jv»* c«msjir]j, *hm, 198 

2*, 363W)o 

m±£tmzft2>z.tt>$)& itfflA^sv^cg 

*Hott^#'^^, -ec-eiiA^tiifiJ 

wwimzm^xtmi, mi^mmm^n 

ti\i*fak<r>tz>sb^\»mfr*-t Z> i ^ ft- i: lift v> 

h ifirg-K i *»*»*> "b "f *K#J ic (±#** L X v>3 o 
h\ (Mill fti, # (fl), rtt#*'h»ft Ctiffi 

IK] J, *«H, 1982#, 91M)o 

&tR£A& *R«^wMffi^= #» • ft* • ffi 
ItZt'tLX, $>&BtQKit+&&8L<omiRiM 
*U i^W^A^WftttfC*^, y-tf^v-r 
7 !**£<&£ fcfc&tfc 3*1* J (i*tt W, Ife 
(S), r*t^*/Jv»* (iiffiJfc)J, £«H, 1982*, 
240M)o 



- PRf8*EJ (functional group) = l"tt£$Mf K 

flg , *Sfc*fc*KA;&K/t;:^J£3;ftfc*ao «4 

*I3 (derivative group) *&VMiElft*fflfc ! b^ 

^o #<(iiHiftffiir £*>*>, ^gwwoi't^ 
inA^S^ttiSt?** 3^3SHWfi«jt?*>* jHc i o -c 

liftiSffl • IgttSUffl • ^ftllfflftf K^tAft&J 
(MAI fill, # (S), r*t£¥/JvS*» Cliffi 

IS) J, £8M, 1982*, 65H)o 

— rS^*BIJ (ftindamental group) =[M.B J ?1&B, 

m* ■ nm* ■ &&**£• *jgu *©ttio*iti: 
A^tti-e-i-a^w^^.^^t^n, ^-vt 

yr-r^JSSftSJ (Ml BE, tt («), fti 
#^/Jv3$it| CfllffllJS]J, =frS§IS, 1982* 65M)o 
3) St, tt&3*K*5V>T, RSfflJ (role) t JiJBlT 

to rtO<7?£^J &v>U± [^-^^^f^J 
(perspective) O- t £fg LT^£ 
a) r#^Ott^W#®t-iSV»T-5eW*ffi*t& 

jSatm = r V ->?■<? (Thorndike.E.L.) bzffii 

4^®aife*w-o-c*u, ^s^fijm* (s) t 

RIS (R) «l§-a-ftv>ta^CJ;oT|FiBJ!1-^t 

<Do s-Rmtmfozti&j mm m, m («), 

Ttt^^/J^fA (*ffllJiR)J,>SIH, 1982^, 134 
M)o] L, @^i#tc!ff*c7)St-A*ff^it^ 

zti&nmwi&i raw j tuf^o *f£*tt^« 
t*ffi^/7tB^:^fttffittA(f, fsffitA -e-w 

*fi^*#14*4x., Witc^JSL^KiliWft* 
**}ES1-4«^:-c*4J (Ml fin, f-tfe (IS), 



— 84 — 



mt^m&mmic m±) m 



m^^mm tmrnfRU, tsua, 1932^, 379 
b) r • • • • tt^v^T-Art^-etL-r^o^e 

w& {&mtmmff)mmi$tr) <Dzt* raw 

(role)J t^i a#->Xf-AhLT»*[l|^a^ 
It, dilfeOSfflOfiV^iCMLTi 0®fflU3a 

a cefcfiJK]j, h*»ww«r, 1987^, 49K)o 

&£, i^t T*fiJ (status) t(i, tt^vX 

#O^J6^)fifi (position) C0^t*H7o *>&& 
[Z, R.'J > h y (Ralph Linton, 1893-1953) li, 

*Biti*H#K*fca» £*>«&«$■*£ ft* r« 

SWftfi (^#W*f5)J (ascriptive status) t, 

£ft& r^#H^*fiJ (achieved status) £ KEBU 

1987^, 48M-49H)o ££, iHfc TitfefiJ ffl 
<*>»&* 3 LT, tt&^TNi |"tt&l»#J (social 
relations) i^-)o fit, tt£|»#JJ, *ji|&*tjjf£ 

i£## t #«#& f , $ 4 ST* & Aftu^*^ 
i^cott^iiS^^ffl^^ftfft-tSta^^. (JIB 



£83 C*IIffi]J, SfS&ttUJK, 1987^, SOU- 
SI K)o 

b, **** (»), n«±*ttttx — aso* 

^JtJS^) J (*:|l:*¥«44#) (ftffiKgBtt® 

* a$iii imc*^), mib*^, ¥#12**, 

*4*< h;nc-3^rii, Hclb*^ (S), Hi± 

S:^ £11* (¥JSn*ME»#) J (*#:*;¥ 

J:tf*Sifc£J!IWgg £^ £ll£ 3&:|b*¥J), 
mt±m, ¥J&l2:£jf, 2M, 248M, £#BB 

((1PSIftE«<7>»£^ rsfcfcrt&^gtij.ttf* 

T^4#ift) W2HS0 f 248H*#M$*tJtV» o ] 

5) IK«- (JWfcftH*), rx^aJSi* tttt 

m^m w-mmimss&mtt — j $i44^-, m 
*^^j^#, 1994^, 97M, rnww r^mm*} 

6) (AM s], rH.G.^Vu-v-CDv>*' 'J •>•?+! 
Sf^fflltCftW* rfr*#fctt#i:0>HflU IS#J 
(¥$ 7 ipjg ♦ *****¥KX*Wa:» • *±¥ 
ttftttfc), *^b*¥*^ISS¥W^f4, 1996^ ) 

7) xtf, m^t^^s:^^ (a), r^bj m5smm 

3 • 4#, JK^b**X*^f, 1995±P, io4H;m^b 
±^5^# (S), rXftJ !H59<§#3 • 4^, x 
^b±^S:^#, 1996^, 77H, #BSo 
8) ftJl H, T/\-/<- h • ^-7-©y>*'iJ 7 

# (*), rX.bJ ^60#m3 • 4-§-, Xnb^^X 
¥#, 1997^, 55H-72H, 98M)o 

^TB, m^b^^^#gBgBlfii#IISISM# 

(S), rmnb±^s:^a5W3i>5in 1995^], mt 

**X¥3, ¥^8^, 41M, 307M, 310M, 315 

H, 319M, £#B8o 4-*, «a*n*:*iiBxro 



— 85 — 



(s*^«#), rx¥«B»* — *«»*» ¥ffl #, 1994^, 97H) «#sa„ 



— 86 —