TM 9-782
WAR DEPARTMENT
TECHNICAL MANUAL
TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED
INDUSTRIAL TYPE (A-C MODEL B)
June 12, 1942
"-s/ur.--
TM 9-782
C 1
TECHNICAL MANUAL
TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE
(AC MODEL B)
Chances
No. 1
WAR DEPARTMENT,
Washinoton, December 30, 1942.
TM 9-782, June 12, 1942, is changed as follows :
Figure 6 is rescinded and the following substituted therefor :
Lubiiuni • Interval Interval • Lubricant
Drag Link C6 8
King Pin CG 8
Front Wlieel Bearings CG 8
Tie Rod CG
Crankcase Drain Plug
Air Cleaner (Note 21 OE 8
Drag Linli C6 8
Clutcli Release Bearing 'C6 16
. (Sparingly)
(Reached through opening
in bottom of clutch housing!
Steering Gear GO (M
(Seasonal grade)
(Fill and level plug!
Transmission and Differential
Drain Plugs
Trans, and Diff. (See Table) 60 iM^
(Fill and level plug) (tlote 4)
Final Drive (See Table) 60 iH
(Fill and level plug) (Note 4)
8 CG King Pin
8 CG Front Wheel Bearings
8 CG Tie Rod
640E Crankcase (See Table)
Drain, refill (Note 3)
Check level daily
300 Oil Filter (Note 51
6H GO Final Drive (See Table)
(Filland level plug) (Nole't)
LUBRICANTS
INTERVALS
. OE — OIL, engine
Crankcase grade
GO— LUBRICANT, gear
CG — GREASE, general purpose..
No. 1 (above +32°)
universal
8— 8 HOURS
16— 16 HOURS
64— 64H0URS
300—300 HOURS
No.0(+32»tO 0°)
6M— t MONTHS
- ■ '
CHECK DAILY
Crankcase
Air Cleaner
FiGuiiE 0. — Lulii-iciition cliart.
RAPO 35519
[A. G. 002.1.1 (11-11-42).] (C 1, Dec. 30, 1042.)
501961°— 42
TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE TM 9—782
C 1
Table of capacities and recomTnendations (page 10) is rescinded
and the following substituted therefor :
Table of capacities and lubricants to be used
Capacity
(quarts) '
Above +32°
+32° to'0°
Below 0°
Crankcase
Transmission and dif-
ferential.
Final drive (each unit) _ _
4
■ 7
OE
SAE 30
1 GO
j SAE 90
OE
SAE 10
GO
SAE 80
[Refer to OFSB 6-11.
>
Noaus
(Additional lubrication and service instructionn on individual units and. parts.
For lubrication and service below 0° refer to OFSB 6-11.)
1. Fittings. — Clean before applying lubricant. Lubricate until new grease is
forced from the bearing. Caution: Lubricate after washing tractor.
2. Air cleaners. — a. Engine. — Clean and refill oil cup daily with used crankcase
oil or OE.
6. Crankcase breather. — Wash daily. Reoil with used crankcase oil or OE,
drain and replace. Every 6 months remove entire cleaner from tractor, wash in
solvent, dry-cleaning, dry, and oil with used crankcase oil or oil, engine, as
specified on lubrication guide. Wash breather pipe cap as indicated on lubrica-
tion guide. Clogged cap may cause oil leak due to pressure built up in crankcase.
Caution: If allowed to become clogged with dirt, crankcase pressure will be
created, causing oil leaks.
3. Crankcase. — Drain only when engine is hot. Refill to PULL mark on gage.
Run engine a few minutes and recheck oil level. Every 6 months, remove and
clean oil pan and oil pump screen. Caution: Be sure pressure gage indicates oil
is circulating. (See table.)
4. Gear cases. — Check level of transmission, dllferentlal, and final drives daily.
Add lubricant if necessary. Check with tractor on level ground. Drain, flush,
and refill at the end of the first 240 hours ; thereafter as indicated at points on
guide. ' When draining, drain immediat^ely after operation. To drain final drive
unit remove final drive housing cover.
5. Oil filter. — Renew filter element every 300 hours, or more often if necessary.
After renewing element, refill crankcase to FULL mark on gage. Run engine a
few minutes and recheck oil level.
6. Governor. — Clean and oil all linkage between governor and carburetor with
OB every 64 hours.
7. Fuel filter. — Check daily and drain accumulated water and dirt, as required.
8. Points requiring no lubrication. — Fan, w-ater pump, magneto, governor, belt
pulley, front axle pivot pin, clutch pilot bearing.
9. Power take-off. — When power take-off Is installed, add one extra quart of
lubricant, gear, universal, seasonal grade, to transmission.
[A. G. 002.11 (11-11-42).] (C 1, Dec. 30, 1942.)
TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE TM 9-782
C 1
29. General,
* * * * * * ^ ' *
h. Indicated below are the maintenance duties for which tools
and parts have been provided for the using arm personnel.
Other replacements and repairs are the responsibility of ordnance
maintenance personnel, but may be performed by the using
arm personnel, when circumstances permit, within the discre-
tion of the commander coiicerned.
****** ^
[A. G. 062.11 (11-11-42).] (C 1, Dee. 30, 1942.)
By order or the Secretary of War :
G.C. MAESHALL,
Chief of Staf.
Official :
J. A. ULIO,
Major General,
The Adjutant General.
. S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1942
TM 9-782
TECHNICAL MANUAL! WAR DEPARTMENT,
No. 9-782 J Washington, June 12, 1942.
TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE
(A-C MODEL B)
Chapter 1 . Operating instructions. Paragraphs
Section I. General :. 1-2
II. Description and tabulated data .. 3-4
III. Operating instructions and controls 5-11
IV. Lubrication ^ 12-16
V. Inspections ■ 17-21
VI. General care and preservation 22-24
VII. Materiel affected by gas 25-28
Chapter 2. Organization instructions.
Section I. Maintenance 29-30
II. Equipment 31
III. Engine ,_ 32-43
IV. Gasoline supply system 44-47
V. Cooling system . 48-52
VI. Clutch - 53-54
VII . Power transmission system 5 5-58
VIII. Brakes . 59-60
IX. Wheels and tires . 61-64
X. Painting . : 65-70
Page
Appendix. References ;_ ; 55
Chapter 1
OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS
Paragraphs
S_ECTioN I.. General 1-2
II. Description and tabulated data - 3-4
III. Operating instructions and controls 5-11
IV. Lubrication . 12-16
V. Inspections 17-21
VI. General care and preservation 22-24
VII. Mattel affected by gas. • L 25-28
Section I
GENERAL
Paragraph
Purpose V 1
Scope 2
466870 O— 42 1 ( 1 )
TM 9-782
1-3
TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE
1. Purpose. — This manual is published for the information and
guidance of the personnel of the using arms or services charged with
the use, maintenance, and repair of this materiel. Major units and
their function are described in relation to the other components of the
tractor, as well as instructions for operation, inspection, minor repair,
and unit replacement.
2. Scope. — Chapter 1 contains information intended chiefly for the
guidance of operating personnel. Chapter 2 contains information in-
tended chiefly for the guidance of personnel of the using arms charged
with maintaining the materiel.
FIGDBH 1. — Light wheeled industrial type tractor, A-C model B.
Section II
DESCRIPTION AND TABULATED DATA
Description
Tabulated data-
Paragraph
3
4
3. Description. — The light tractor, M2, Allis-Chalmers, model B,
is a four-wheeled industrial type tractor. It is powered with a heavy-
duty, four-cylinder, water-cooled, gasoline engine. Steering is accom-
TM 9-782
TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE 3-4
plished with an automobile type steering wheel. There are three for-
ward speeds and one reverse speed provided to accommodate different
loads.
4. Tabulated data. — a. General.
Weight, complete 2,250 pounds.
Overall length 111 inches.
Overall height 61% inches.
Overall width 62 inches.
Front tread 42 inches.
Front tire size 5.00 by 15 inches.
Front tire pressure 28 pounds.
Bear tread 1 40 inches-44 inches.
48 inches-52 inches.
Rear tire size .- 8 by 24 inches.
Rear tire pressure 12 pounds.
Turning radius 7% feet.
Brakes Inclosed external contract-
ing type on rear wheels.
Drawbar pull First speed, 1,406 pounds.
Second speed, 1,382 pounds.
Third speed, 684 pounds.
6. Engine.
Number of cylinders 4.
Bore and stroke 314 by 3l^ inches.
Horsepower .-. 19.2@l,400r. {>'. m.
Compression ratio 4.92 to 1.
Rated speed 1,400 r. p.m.
High idle 1,600 r. p. m.
Cylinder firing order 1, 2, 4, 3.
Cylinder displacement 116 cubic inches.
c. Capacities of various units.
Cooling system 2 gallons.
Engine crank case capacity 4 quarts.
Fuel tank capacity 12 gallons.
Transmission and differential capacity 6 quarts.
Final drive gears capacity : V/^ pints each.
Air cleaner, capacity of oil cup % pint.
d. Fuel and oU.
Fuel . Gasoline.
Lubricants. — . See lubrication guide.
TM 9-782
5-6 TRACTOH, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE
Section III
OPEKATING INSTEUCTIONS AND CONTEOLS
Paragraph
General ; ! 5
Prestartlng inspection 6
Starting instructions—; 7
Operating the tractor^ 8
Stopping 9
Cold weather starting instructions - : 10
Safety precautions 11
5. General. — a. Throttle. — A hand throttle lever is provided to
regulate the speed setting of the governor. The governor regulates
the amount of air and fuel fed to the engine, holding its speed constant
for the particular setting in which the throttle lever may be placed.
b. /Steering wheel. — A conventional automotive type steering wheel
is provided.
c. Brakes. — Independent brakes are provided for each of the rear
wheels. Each brake is operated by its control lever located over the
rear wheel at either side of the driver (fig. 4) . The brakes are applied
as the lever is pulled back. A catch is provided to maintain brakes
in full applied position. Sharp turns may be made by applying the
hand brake on the side toward which the turn is to be made arid turn-
ing the steering wheel in the usual direction. This will allow the
tractor to pivot about the rear wheel on which the brake is applied.
d. Gkar shift lever.-^A gear shift lever is mounted on the transmis-
sion case in front of the driver (fig. 4). It provides three forward
speeds for the tractor and one reverse speed. The gear shift positions
as indicated in figure 3 are as follows :
First speed — to the right and forward.
Second speed — to the left and forward.
Third speed — to the left and back.
Reverse — ^to the right and back.
e. Clutch. — ^A clutch pedal is provided on' the left side of the tractor
(fig. 4) convenient to the operator's left foot. The clutch pedal is
depressed each time it is desired to shift gears and the lever placed
in the proper gear position, after which the clutch pedal is released
slowly to avoid a sudden jerk at starting and the throttle is opened far
enough to avoid stalling the engine. A latch is provided which may
be used to hold the clutch in depressed position.
6. Prestarting inspection. — Before the engine is started, the pre-
startlng inspection outlined in section V must be accomplished.
TM 9-782
TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE 7
THROTTLE- _ "**%.
/^ FIRE EXTINGUISHER'
Figure 2. — Three-quarter view — rear.
<N>
®
RAPD 5640
FiGCHB 3. — Gear shift diagram.
7. Starting instructions. — a. Place the gear shift lever in neutral
position.
6. In cold weather lock the clutch pedal in forward position to
permit easier cranking.
c. Open valve under large tank. ,
d. Move throttle control forward about four notches.
e. Close carburetor choke valve.
/. Crank engine over two compression strokes.
TM 9-782
7 TRACTOR, . LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE
RADIATOR CAP
EXHAUST STACK
AiR CLEANER CAP
V/ATFR lEMPERATURt GAGE
-BREATHER CAP
FUEL lANK FILLER SPOUT
CLUTCH PEDAL
^CEAR SHIFT
PiouBE 4. — Rear view.
g. Open choke valve.
A. Crank engine steadily until it starts.
Caution. — Do not spin engine. To do so may allow it to kick back
due to disengagement of the automatic impulse coupling on the
magneto.
i. After the engine is started, check to see that the oil gage located
near the oil filler is registering pressure. The correct operating
pressure should be 15 pounds as indicated on the oil gage in black. The
TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE
TM 9-782
7-9
gage needle should register within this black area when the engine is
heated to operating temperature and running at its normal governed
speed.
j. After the engine is started, close the radiator shutter with the
control located on the right side of the radiator shell, and keep it
closed until the engine reaches normal operating temperature as in-
dicated on the temperature gage mounted on the engine hood immedi-
ately behind the radiator cap (fig. 5). Then open the shutter
sufficiently to keep the temperature normal.
•m»
lUEL TANK
flLLER SPOUT -1
WATEH TEMPfcRAtUPf'CAM
SADIAlOa CAP
pWAT:
FioDBB 5. — Finding diagram.
8. Operating the tractor. — Depress the clutch pedal to release
clutch. Move the gear shift lever as indicated in paragraph bd into
the speed position desired. Release the clutch pedal slowly to avoid
a sudden jerk in starting and open the throttle far enough to avoid
stalling of the engine. The selection of the proper gear position will
depend on the load and traction conditions.
9. Stopping. — a. Stopping the tractor. — Depress the clutch pedal
and move the gear shift lever to neutral position. Release the clutch
pedal and allow it to return to its normal position. Close throttle
partly, to avoid racing the engine and apply the wheel brakes.
i. Stopping the engine. — Close throttle completely and ground the
magneto by holding the magneto ground switch lever firmly against
the magneto frame until the engine has stopped, or in later type trac-
tors move magneto ground switch to "Off" position. This switch is
located on instrument panel.
7
TM 9-782
10-13 TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL' TYPE
10. Cold weather starting instructions. — If the engine does
not start readily when cranked in accordance with paragraph 7, more
choking may be necessary. Close the carburetor choke valve and
continue cranking.
11. Safety precautions. — a. Be sure the gear shift lever is in
neutral before cranking the engine.
&.' Always engage the clutch gently, especially when going up a
hill or pulling out of a ditch.
G. When driving on highways be sure that both wheels are braked
simultaneously when making an emergency stop.
d. Be especially careful when working on hillsides. Watch for
holes or ditches into which a wheel may drop and cause tractor to
overturn.
e. Always keep tractor in gear when going down steep hills or
grades.
/. Reduce speed before making a turn or applying brakes. The
hazard of overturning the tractor increases four times when speed is
doubled.
g. Never dismount from tractor when it is in motion. Wait until
it stops.
h. Never permit persons other than the driver to ride on tractor
when it is in operation. .
i. Never refuel tractor while motor is running or extremely hot.
Section IV
LUBRICATION
Paragraph
General : 12
System 13
Oil filter i 14
Breather cap : 15
Gear cases ^ 16
12. General. — The lubrication guide in this section shows all lubri-
cation points of the tractor to be serviced by the using troops, the
methods of lubrication, and the types of lubricants required.
13. System. — a. Engine systein. — Engine oil under pressure is sup-
plied to crankshaft bearings; camshaft bearings, and rocker arms.
The camshaft is provided with four metering holes positioned to direct
a spray of oil to each connecting rod for lubrication of the connecting
rod bearings, piston pins, and cylinder walls. The oil under pressure,
is provided bya vane-type oil pump attached to the rear of the engine
block. This pump is driven by the camshaft.
8
TM 9-782
13-15
b. The crankcase, or engine oil sump, is filled through the breather
cap provided on the top of the engine hood (fig. 5) . A bayonet gage
(fig. 5) located near the oiP'filter on the right side of the engine is
provided to indicate the quantity of oil in the crankcase; the oil level
in the oil sump must,b'e maintained to the "Full" mark on this gage.
A plug, located in the bottom of the crankcase, is removed when neces-
sary to drain the sump before refilling with fresh oil.
14. Oil filter. — An oil filter is provided in the engine oil pressure
circuit for the purpose of removing abrasive particles from the engine
oil (fig. 5). The filter element is of the removable type and should be
changed as indicated on the lubrication guide.
15. Breather cap. — The breather cap (figs. 5 and 8) provides for
ventilation of the engine sump. Should the breather become clogged
with dirt, pressure will be created in the crankcase and cause oil leaks
Lubricant • Interval
Drag Link ^G 8
King Pin CG 8
Front WSeoi Bearings CG 8
Tie Roi Ce 8
Crankcat* Drain Plug
Air Cleaner |N.i. i| EO. 8
Dreg Link CG 8
autch Release Brg. CG U
(ltt<ch*d Uiroush opaning In bottom
of dutch (iogt.-n3t
Steering Sear GO T
IM1..J I.jl
(S...0..1 ,,.i.)
Tianimhtion njid Digermiial
Drum Ptugi
Tran5.andDiff.(SeeTable| GO T
(fill ind tt..l plus) iNolo 4)
Finaf Drive (See Table) GO T
(Fill ond l*>*l plug) |Nol* 4|
interval • Lubricant
8 CG King Pin
8 CG Front Wheel Bearings
8 CG Tie Rod
ta EO Crankcase [See Table]
Dr.ln. (lulh. r.ni (Nolo 1)
300 oil filler (Not. tl
KEY-
Lubricanti
Intervals
lO -EngiF.* Oil
GO— Gt<r on
CC-ChMin «>.*»
No.0 (baloo 12* F.)
No, 1 |.bo*« »• F.J
B- a hours
16- I6hauri
60- eOhoun
300-300 taoan
T-Twl6t a
»•«
Chaek Daily
Cnnkcait
air eiiiotr
T GO Final Drive (See Table)
(RU.ndU..lpl»,) (Not. 4)
RAPD 5643
466870 0—42-
FiouEE 6. — Lubrication guide.
9
TM 9-782
15-16 TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE
at the main bearings, magneto shafts, and other points. The breather
cap should be serviced daily as indicated in the lubrication guide.
Table of capacities and recommendations
Capacity
(quarts)
Above
90°
Lowest expected atmospheric temperature
'
+ 32°
+ 10°
-10°
-30°
Below -30°
Crankcase.-
Transmission
and differen-
tial.
Final drive (each
unit).
4
7
SAE
30
> 140
SAE
30
140
SAE
10
90
SAE
10
80
For operation in
these temperature
ranges, refer to
OFSB 6-G-3.
Notes
(Additional lubrication and service instructions on individual units and parts.)
1. Air cleaner. — Clean and refill oil cup daily with,EO (crankcase grade).
Wash crankcase breather air cleaner daily. Beoil with EO, drain and replace.
Caution. — If allowed to become clogged with dirt crankcase pressure will be
created causing oil leaks.
2. Crankcase.— Dv&in only when engine is hot. Flush with 2 quarts EO SAB
10, idle engine 5 minutes, and drain. Refill to "Full" mark on gage. Caution. —
Be sure pressure gage indicates oil is circulating. See Table.
3. Fittings. — Clean before applying lubricant. Lubricate until new grease
extrudes from the bearing. Caution. — Lubricate tractor after washing.
4. Gear cases. — Check level of transmission and differential every 250 hours
and final drives every 60 hours. Add lubricant if necessary. Check with tractor
on level ground. Drain, flush and refill at the end of the first 250 hours ; there-
after as Indicated on guide. To drain final drive unit remove final drive housing
cover.
5. Oovemor. — Clean and oil all linkage between governor and carburetor with
EO every 60 hours.
6. Oil filter. — Renew filter element every 300 hours, or more often if necessary.
After renewing element, refill crankcase to "Pull" mark on gage.
7. Points requiring no lubrication. — Fan, water pump, magneto, governor, belt
pulley, front axle pivot pin, clutch pilot bearing.
16. Gear cases. — a. Steering gear, transmission, and differential,
and final drive gear cases should be kept filled with gear oil as indicated
in the lubrication guide. Plugs are provided in the bottom of the
transmission and differential gear cases to permit draining of the
lubricant when necessary.
10
TM 9-782
TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE 16-10
b. Lubrication of other points is accomplished by use of a pressure
grease gun as indicated in the lubrication guide.
Sectiok V
INSPECTIONS
Paragraph
Purpose !__: 17
Prestarting inspection .; 18
Inspection during operation 19
Inspection after operation , 20
Periodic inspection 21
17. Purpose. — It is necessary that the tractor be systematically
inspected at prescribed intervals (see par. 21) in order to insure relia-
bility of operation and maximum performance. Eegular inspections
will prevent premature wear and failure of vital parts.
18. Prestarting inspection. — Before attempting to start the en-
gine of the tractor the following inspections will be made :
a. Check the oil lev^l in the engine oil sump to see if it is up to the
the full mark on gage. When necessary, add oil of the proper seasonal
grade as indicated on the lubrication guide to bring the level up to the
full mark.
b. Inspect the oil level in the air cleaner oil cup (fig. 11). If the
oil is insufficient, refill as directed on the lubrication guide. Check con-
nections on the air cleaner to be sure they are airtight and see that the
air cleaner hose is in good condition.
c. Check to see that the cooling liquid in the radiator is adequate.
If the level is below the level of the overflow pipe, pure water or the
proper antifreeze solution as indicated in paragraph 49 should be
added to bring the level up to the overflow pipe.
d. Kemove cap from gasoline tank and check supply of fuel.
e. Inspect ground beneath the tractor for any indication of oil,
grease, or water leakage from the tractor.
/. Check air pressure in tires : front tire pressure, 28 pounds, rear
tire pressure, 12 pounds. The rear tire pressure should be measured
with the valve stem at its highest point above the ground, as the tires
are filled with liquid to this level in order to add weight and stability
to the tractor.
19. Inspection during operation. — a. During operation the
driver should be alert to detect abnormal functioning of the engine.
11
TM 9-782
19^-21 TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE
Unusual engine noises will be detected by a trained operator after he
becomes accustomed to the particular tractor.
b. The instriunents should be referred to frequently to see if the en-
gine is functioning properly. The instruments provided include a
water temperature gage located on the hood near the radiator cap and
an oil pressure gage mounted near the oil filter (fig. 5) .
c. An unsteady oil gage pointer indicates low oil level when the
engine speed <is fairly constant.
d. Proper clutch, steering mechanism, and brake operations will be
evident t6 the driver. When any of these parts are not operating
normally a report will be made to the officer in charge.
e. The tractor ordinarily should not be operated after indications
of trouble have been observed. When there is any doubt, the engine
should be stopped and aid of a mechanic obtained.
20. Inspection after operation. — At the conclusion of each day's
operation an inspection will be made in accordance with the following
schedule, and the indicated preventive maintenance function carried
out. (If defects cannot be corrected, they should be reported
promptly to the chief of the section or other designated individuals.)
a. Check to see that the valve beneath the fuel tank is turned to the
"Off" position.
b. Remove the breather cap, wash in gasoline, and dip in engine
oil. Drain off excess oil before replacing.
0. All points indicated on the chart for service at 8-hour intervals
should be lubricated at this time.
d. The air cleaner should be cleaned and refilled with engine oil
and the crankcase oil level should be brought to the full mark.
21. Periodic inspection. — The following periodic inspections are
prescribed:
After 16 hours of operation
Point of inspection ■ Remarks
Clutch release; bearings. Lubricate the bearings with chas-
sis grease.
After 25 hours of operation
Fuel line strainer. Clean.
Magneto breaker point. Clean, check, and adjust.
Oil pan strainer. Clean.
12
TM 9-782
TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE 21-23
After 100 hovxrs of operation
Point of inspection Remarks
Clutch and controls. Check and adjust.
Spark plugs. Inspect and replace if necessary.
Fuel tanks. Drain and inspect for rust.
Ignition wiring. Clean and inspect for loose con-
nections or defective insulation.
Clean contacts and replace wir-
ing when necessary.
Section VI
CARE AND PRESERVATION
Paragraph
Records __, ^ 22
Cleaning Ii.__ 23
Painting 24
22. Records.^a. Use. — An accurate record must be kept of each
motor vehicle issued by the Ordnance Department. For this purpose
the Ordnance Motor Book (O. O. Form No. 7255), generally called
"Log Book," is issued with each vehicle and must accompany it at
all times. This book furnishes a complete record of the vehicle, from
which valuable information concerning operation and maintenance
costs, etc., are obtained, and organization commanders must insist that
correct entries are made. This book will habitually be kept in a canvas
cover to prevent it from becoming damaged or soiled.
&. The page bearing a record of assignment must be destroyed prior
to entering the combat zOne. All other references regarding the identity
of the organization miist also be destroyed.
23. Cleaning'. — a. Grit, dust, and mud are the sources of greatest
wear to a vehicle. If deposits of dirt and grit are allowed to accumu-
late, particles will soon find their way into bearing surfaces, causing
premature and unnecessary wear. If this condition is not remedied,
serious difficulties will follow. Wlieri removing engine parts or any
other units in making repairs and replacements, or if in the course of
inspection bearing surfaces are to be exposed, all dirt and grit thai
might find its way to the exposed surfaces must first be carefully
removed. Tools must be clean, and care must always be taken to elimi-
nate the possibility of brushing dirt or grit into an opening with the
sleeve or other part of the clothing. To cut oil-soaked dirt and grid
or road oil, use solvent, dry-cleaning, applied with rags (not waste)
or a brush. Care will be taken to keep cleaning water fronl the power
unit, as it might interfere with proper ignition and carburetion.
13
TM 9-782
23-2.7 TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE
h. Oil holes which have become clogged should be opened with a
piece of wire. Wood slivers should never be used for this purpose, as
splinters are likely to break oif and permanently block the passages.
G. Particular care should be taken to clean aijd decontaminate
vehicles that have been exposed to a gas attack. See Section VII for
details of these operations.
24. Painting.-— a. Painted portions of the tractor will be kept
painted according to the original color scheme. Detailed instructions
on painting are included in TM 9-850.
h. Exposed metal parts that have been previously painted will be
kept in a well-painted condition; however, surfaces which were un-
painted where the materiel was received should remain in that
condition.
Section VII
MATERIEL AFFECTED BY GAS
Paragraph
Protective measures_i. _^_._ . 25
Cleaning ^__._ '. .. 20
Decontamination . . ;_J_^ 27
Special precautions for automotive materiel— . 28
25.. Protective measures. — ^When materiel is in constant danger
of gas attack, uripainted metal parts will be lightly coated with oil.
Instruments are included among the items to be protected from chemi-
cal clouds or chemical shells. Care will be taken that the oil does
not touch the optical parts of instruments or leather or canvas fittings.
Materiel not in use will be protected, with covers as far as possible.
26. Cleaning. — All unpainted metal parts of materiel that have
been exposed to any gas except mustard and lewisite must be cleaned
as soon as possible with solvent, dry-cleaning, or alcohol,, denatured,
and wiped dry. AH parts should then be coated with engine oil or
oil, sperm.
27. Decontamination.^For the removal of liquid chemicals
(mustard, lewisite, etc.) from materiel, the following steps should be
taken: . .
a. Protective measures.— V or all of these operations a complete suit
of impermeable clothing and a service gas mask will be worn. Im-
mediately after removal of the suit, a thorough bath with soap and
water (preferably hot) must be taken. If any skin areas have come
in contact with mustard, if even a very small drop of mustard gets
into the eye, or if the vapor of mustard has been inhaled, it is impera-
tive that complete first-aid measures be given within 20 to 30 minutes
after exposure. First-aid instructions are given in TM 9-850 and
FM 21-40.
14
TM 9-782
TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE 27-28
6. Proeedwre. — (1) Commence by freeing materiel of dirt through
the use of sticks, rags, etc., which must be burned or buried immedi-
ately after this operation.
(2) If the surface of the materiel is coated with grease or heavy
oil, this grease or oil should be removed before decontamination is
begun. Solvent, dry-cleaning, or other available solvents for oil
should be used with rags attached to ends of sticks. Following this,
decontaminate the materiel with bleaching solution made by mixing
one part agent, decontaminating (chloride of lime), with one part
water. This solution should be swabbed over all surfaces. Wash off
with water, dry and oil all surfaces.
(3) All unpaint;ed metal parts and instruments exposed to mustard
or lewisite must be decontaminated with agent, decontaminating, non-
corrosive, mixed one part solid to fifteen parts solvent (acetylene
tetrachloride). If this is not available, use warm water and soap.
Bleaching solution must not be used, because of its corrosive action.
Instrument lenses may be cleaned only with paper, lens, tissue, using
a small amount of alcohol, ethyl. Coat all metal surfaces lightly with
engine oil or oil, sperm.
(4) In the event agent, decontaminating (chloride of lime), is not
available, materiel may be temporarily cleaned with large volumes of
hot water. However, mustard lying in joints or in leather or canvas
webbing is not removed by this procedure and will remain a constant
source of danger until the materiel can be properly decontaminated.
All mustard washed from materiel in this manner lies unchanged on
the ground, necessitating that the contaminated area be plainly marked
with warning signs before abandonment.
(5) The cleaning or decontaminating of materiel contaminated with
lewisite will wash arsenic compounds into the soil, poisoning many
water supplies in the locality for either men or animals.
(6) Leather or canvas webbing that has been contaminated should be
scrubbed thoroughly with bleaching solution. In the event this treat-,
ment is insufficient, it may be necessary to burn or bury such materiel.
(7) Detailed information on decontamination is contained in FM
21-40, TM 9-850, and TC 38 and 50, War Department, 1941.
28. Special precautions for autoxnotive materiel. — a. When
vehicles have been subjected to gas attack with the engine running, the
air cleaner should be serviced by removing the oil, flushing with
solvent, dry-cleaning, and refilling with the proper grade of oil.
6. Instrument panels will be cleaned in thesame manner as outlined
for instruments,
c. Contaminated seat cushions will be discarded.
15
TM 9-782
28-29 TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE
d. Washing the compartments thoroughly with bleaching solution
is the most that can be done in the field. Operators should constantly
be on the alert, when running under conditions of high temperatures,
for slow vaporization of the mustard or lewisite.
e. Exterior surfaces of vehicles will be decontaminated with bleach-
ing solution. Repainting may be necessary after this operation.
/ Chapter 2
OEGANIZATION INSTRUCTIONS
Paragraphs
Section I. Maintenance : 29-30
II. Equipment 31
III. Engine—.-: 32-43
IV. Gasoline supply system , 44r-47
V. Cooling system___-: 48-52
VI. Clutch 53-54
VII. Power transmission system '. 55-58
VIII. Brakes !.__ 59-60
IX. Wheels and tires 61-64
X. Painting_______ 65-70
Section I
MAINTENANCE
Paragraph
General . 29
Engine trouble-shooting 30
29. General. — a. The scope of maintenance and repairs by the
operating and maintenance personnel of the using arms is determined
by the ease with which the project can be accomplished, amount of
time and equipment available, and skill of the personnel. Because
of these variables, no exact system of procedure can be prescribed or
followed and therefore the extent of maintenance operations will be
determined locally.
6. The following are the maintenance duties which may be per-
formed by the using arm maintenance personnel. All other replace-
ments and repairs will be made by the ordn£(.nce maintenancje
personnel.
Engine
Replace cylinder head gasket.
Replace manifold and gasket.
Tune iip engine.
Replace valve cover.
Adjust valve tappets.
16
TM 9-782
TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE 29
Cooling system
Adjust or replace fan belt.
Replace radiator hose or pipe.
Clean and flush radiator.
Replace temperature gage.
Replace thermostat.
Oiling system
Replace oil filter.
Replace oil gage.
Clean and replace external oil lines.
Clean or replace oil pan, oil strainer.
Fuel system
Clean or replace air cleaner.
Replace or adjust carburetor.
Repair or replace fuel line.
Clean or replace fuel tank.
Electtical system
Replace inagneto.
Clean or adjust magneto breaker points.
Replace ignition wiring.
Replace spark plugs.
Transmission clutch
Adjust clutch.
Chassis or rumiing gear
Replace steering gear assembly.
Replace or adjust front wheel bearings.
Adjust brakes.
Miscellaneous
Repair punctures or replace tires.
Replace wheel rims.
Maintain calcium chloride solution in tires.
General cleaning of vehicle.
Lubrication of vehicle.
Painting of vehicle.
Replace wheels.
466870 O — 42-
17
TM 9-782
30 TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE
30. Engine trouble-shooting. — a. Failure of engine to start after
' repeated attempts may be due to any one or a combination of the
following conditions :
(1) Lack of fuel. — ^Examine the fuel tank, shut-off valves, strainers,
and line connections to the carburetor. See that carburetor float valve
is not sticking.
. (2) Improper fv£,l mixture. — r Ad justing screw (fig. 10) opened or
closed too far. Air cleaner is clogged or dirty. Leaking intake
manifold gasket.
(3) Water in carburetor. — Remove the drain plug from the car-
buretor float chamber and drain off water and gasoline.
(4) Over-choking. — The engine should not be choked when it is
hot. To do so will flood the motor. If the engine is flooded, crank
over a few turns with the choke and throttle fully open to draw air
into the combustion chambers. It is sometimes desirable to close the
carburetor adjusting screw while cranking to prevent more fuel from
being drawn into the combustion chambers. Excessive choking may
result in all the oil being washed away from the cylinder walls, thus
breaking the cylinder oil seal. In this case it may be necessary to
pour a small amount of engine oil into the cylinders through the
spark plug openings before sufficient suction can be obtained to draw
fuel into the combustion chambers.
(5) Cold oil. — If the proper seasonal grade of engine oil as indi-
cated on the lubrication guide is used, no difficulty should be encoun-
tered from stiffness due to cold oil.
(6) Defective ignition wiring. — Examine the ignition wiring for
breaks, wear, and loose or incorrect connections.
(7) Spark plugs. — See that spark plugs are clean and dry. Check
the spark plugs for firing and proper gap. If defective, replace.
(8) Magneto. — See that the magneto is not grounded and that
breaker points are clean and have the proper gap of 0.020 inch. Test
the spark delivered by the magneto to the spark plugs by removing
one of the plugs from the engine and attaching its high tension wire.
Lay the spark plug on the cylinder head and observe when the engine
is cranked over that a fat spark jumps between the points of the plug.
Check each spark plug in this manner.
(9) Miscellaneous. — Eemove the spark plugs from the cylinders.
Turn the engine slowly by hand and check for fluid in the cylinders.
This would be indicated by the fluid being forced out of the spark plug
openings.
h. Operating troubles.— {!) Loss of oil pressure. — Stop the engine
immediately and notify ordnance maintenance personnel.
18
TM 9-782
TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE 30
(2) Excessime oil. oonswnption. — See that the level of the. engine
oil in crankcase is maintained at the full mark as indicated on bayonet
gage. If it is over the full mark, the crankcase should be drained
until only the proper supply of oil remains in the engine sump.
Check the cooling system to be sure there are no leaks or stoppages
in the cooling lines. Observe that the radiator is full. With the
engine running, look into the filler opening of the radiator to see
if the water pump is functioning. This will be indicated by the
movement of water from the engine outlet into the radiator.
c. Engine overheated. — (1) {a) See that the fan belt is not slip-
ping; if found to be slipping, adjust as necessary as outlined in para-
graph 50. - Check for sufficient water in the radiator. Refill the
radiator and check for leakage. See that air passages in the radiator
are not stopped up. Check for scale or dirt in the cooling system.
If necessary, drain, flush, and refill with pure water or the proper
grade of antifreeze solution. For detailed instructions on this pro-
cedure, see paragraph 50.
(6) Ignition timing may be too late. Retime the engine in accord-
ance with the instructions in paragraph 35.
(c) 1. Oil supply may be insufficient. Check level of oil in engine
sump to see if it is up to "full" mark on bayonet gage. If
low, add oil of proper seasonal grade to bring level up to
full mark.
2. Improper seasonal grade of oil may be in the sump. By
reference to the log book, check to see if proper grade is in
sump. If grade is found to be wrong, drain engine oil and
refill sump with oil of proper grade as indicated in lubrica-
tion guide.
(2) Engine may be overloaded or motor speed may be too low for
heavy loads. Select the proper speed or lighten the load in accord-
ance with the capacity of the tractor.
(3) Low engine power and uneven running may be traced to any
of the following causes :
(a) Rich or lean mixture. — Too rich a mixture is indicated by
uneven running and continuous smoke from the exhaust. Too lean
a mixture is evident by uneven running, over-heating, or back-firing
through the carburetor, especially when the load is pushing the
tractor. The adjustments to be made to obtain a proper mixture
are described in paragraph 38t?( 3). >
(b) Leaks in the induction system. — Examine the intake pipes for
cracks and for leaks in- the cylinderiand crankcase. connections.- Ex-
amine carburetor and intake flanges for tightness. Examine the air
19
TM 9-782
30-31 TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE
cleaner hose and connections to carburetor air intake. Examine all
gaskets in the carburetor and body of the engine.
(c) Spark plugs. — Check to see that all spark plugs are clean and
of the correct rating or size for this engine. If spark plugs are not
in good condition, replace with new or reconditioned parts from
stock.
{d) Valve and valve gear trouble. — Check the valve tappet clear-
ances (0.010 inch), valve springs, washers, rocker arms, and push
rods. Make sure the valves are not sticking.
Section II
EQUIPMENT
Paragraph
Equipment 31
31. Equipment. — The following tools are provided with each
tractor :
Can, oil, 2-gallon ^
Crank, starting ■.
File, flat, bastard, 12-inch ,
Pin, crank .
Pliers, combination, 12-inch
Screw driver, common, normal duty, 6-inch
Screw driver, common, normal duty, 10-inch
Wrench ^ , ;
Wrench, crescent, 10-inch
Wrench, socket; with handle —
Fire extinguisher
Section III
ENGINE
Paragraph
General 32
Oil pumpL— ^ ^— 33
Manifolds 34
Magneto- ' 35
Spark plugs 36
Ignition wiring , 37.
Carburetor : 38
Air cleaner i • 39
Governor 40
Engine lubrication requirements ; 41
Valve tappet adjustment 42
Cylinder head 43
20
TM 9-782
TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE 32
32. General. — The tractor is equipped with an AUis-Chalmers,
model B-15, water-cooled engine.
Engine characteristics
Overall dimension : Width 16%6 inches
Height 31% inches
Length 27 inches
Weight without carburetor or ignition 360 pounds
Number of cylinders 4
Maximum horsepower with accessories 22 @ 1,800 r. p. m.
Maximum torque 74 pound feet @
1,100 r. p. m.
Direction of rotation (from the front
or crank end) Clockwise
Direction of rotation of magneto Clockwise
Magneto breaker point gap 0.020 inch
Spark plug type__ 0.14-mm
Spark plug gap 0. 030 inch
Compression ratio 4. 92/1
Compression pressure : 94 pounds
Number of piston rings per cylinder 3
Valve arrangement In-head
Valve clearance 0. 010 inch
Firing order 1,2,4,3
UK. PO S64S
FiODRB 7. — Engine — right side view.
21
TM 9-783
33 TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE
33. Oil pump. — a. Oil is supplied to the engine by a vane type
pump, located at rear of engine block, and driven by the camshaft.
This pump draws oil from the engine sump through a screen and pipe
into a cored passage in block, and then to pump. The pressure side of
pump supplies oil to the engine through two different outlets —
(1) Through a pipe connection to the oil filter and rocker arm
assemblies, half going to each point. The oil to the filter actuates the
pressure gage, is filtered, and returns to the sump through base of
filter. The oil going to the rocker arm system is fed into a hollow
rocker arm shaft. From this shaft it is fed equally to all rocker arms.
A small amount is metered by a shed on rocker arm, and allowed to
lubricate the valve stems. The balance of this supply flows to the
tappet adjusting screws, and follows down the push rods, lubricating
^ the cam follow,ers, as it returns to the oil sump.
(2) The balance of the oil passes to drilled passage in camshaft
through two holes drilled in pump body. These holes are opened up
four times for each revolution of the camshaft. When the pump pres-
sure increases to 15 pounds, the oil by-pass valve, located in pump
shaft, is opened. This oil also passes into the drilled passage of cam-
shaft. The camshaft center drilling is opened into the camshaft
bearings, supplying them with oil, and through a cored passage to the'
crankshaft main bearings. Four metering holes are drilled into the
camshaft directly opposite each connecting rod. These are timed to
coincide with the connecting rod travel, >thus spraying oil onto the
connecting rod. Oil enters the connecting rod through a hole drilled
through the upper portion of rod into a groove in the bearing. The
balance of oil not used by motor passes through grooves on the side of
the spring loaded camshaft end thrust, plunger, lubricating the timing
gears, governor, and returning to oil sump. '
6. If the oil filter becomes clogged and the oil cannot pass through
it, the ball of the pressure relief valve will be forced from its seat, allow-
ing oil to by-pass the filter through the camshaft, and back into the oil-
sump at the front end of the engine.
c. Oil pan strainer. — A screen is provided in the sump (fig. 8) to
which the intake pipe of the oiling system is connected. Sludge must
not be allowed to collect around the strainer, especially in cold weather,
as it will congeal and shut off the oil supply. After every 25 hours of
operation the oil pan strainer should be removed and cleaned as follows :
(1) Drain the oil from the sump.
(2) Kemove the cap screws, holding the oil pan in place, and lift off
the oil pan and gasket. ,. , ' ^,j
(3) Remove oil strainer and clean with solvent, dry-cleaning.
22
TM 9-783
33-34
"Cii P■^•< STRAIM6R,
, RA PD 5646
FiouBB 8. — Crankcase oil strainer.
(4) To replace, proceed in the reverse order of removal, using new
oil pan gasket if available.
34. 'Manifolds. — a. The intake and exhaust manifold (fig. 10) is
located on the left hand side of the engine and is a one piece casting.
The manifold is fastened to the port connections by hex nuts and studs
which pass through lugs on the manifold. The hex nuts at each end
of the manifold are made of bronze to facilitate removal. The remain-
ing four nuts are of steel. An exhaust pipe or stack extends vertically
from the central opening in the manifold for discharge of exhaust
gases into the open air. It is held in place by a locking bolt and nut,
and lock washer.
b. Replacement. — The motor should be allowed to cool before an
attempt is made to remove the manifold. To remove the manifold
from the motor while it is hot may cause it to warp, thus making it
impossible to prevent leakage by the manifold gaskets. The following
procedure is used to remove the entire manifold and exhaust stack
assembly: '
(1) Disconnect the carburetor by removing the two cap screws
which pass through the manifold and carburetor flanges,' and remove
the carburetor gasket.
23
TM 9-782
34^-35
TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE.
(2) Remove the six hex nuts from the manifold studs.
(3) Lift manifold assembly from studs.
(4) Remove intake and exhaust manifold gaskets.
(5) To replace, reverse the above procedure. Install new intake and
exhaust manifold gaskets and a new carburetor gasket.
35. Magneto. — a. Description. — The magneto is of standard de-
sign and is flange-mounted to the right side of the cylinder block. It
is provided with an impulse coupling which facilitates starting by
holding back the magneto rotor until the 'engine is in firing position.
At this instant the rotor is snapped forward at a relatively high speed
producing an intense spark, automatically retarded to prevent back-
firing or kick-back of the starting crank. As soon as the engine speed
picks up, the impulse feature ceases to act and serves simply as a con-
ventional coupling.
Figure 9. — Close-up of magneto..
h. Breaker point inspection and adjicstment.— The breaker points
may be reached by removing the distributor end cap. Be careful not
to damage the sealing gaskets between the end cap and frame of the
magneto. The points will be inspected for indications of pitting or
pyramiding. If necessary, the contact points will be made smooth
with a small tungsten file. If there are indications of extreme pitting
or pyramiding, the magneto will be replaced. If the distributor points
are determined to' be in good condition, the clearance will be checked
and the points adjusted as follows :
(1) Turn, the engine over slowly by hand until the breaker points
are separated their maximum distance.
24
TM 9-783
TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE ' 35
(2) Insert a 0.020 inch feeler gage between the points. The feeler
gage should fit snugly. It should not fit too loosely or be extremely dif- '
ficult to insert or remove from between the breaker points. If the
breaker point gap is too large or too small, it should be adjusted by
loosening the round head locking screw at the upper end of the sta-
tionary point bracket and then turning the eccentric head adjusting
screw until the proper gap of 0.020 inch is obtained as checked by the
feeler gage.
(3) Lock the assembly by tightening the round head screw and
again check the gap to be sure it has not changed from the 0.020 set-
ting during tightening.
(4) Before replacing the distributor cap, the sealing edges will be
cleaned and a new gasket installed if available. Shellac will be used
to seal the joint surfaces, the top replaced, and the holding screws
drawn up tight.
c. Bemoving magneto. — (1) Kemove the spark plug wires from the
distributor cover.
(2) Remove the he:^ nut and lock washers from the stud on the lower
part of the magneto flange and remove the cap screw and its lock
washer from the hole in the upper part of the flange.
(3) Draw the magneto straight back until the coupling is disen-
gaged from the driving member.
d. Replacing rruigneto. — To replace magneto, proceed as follows:
(1) Type FMK.
(a) Turn the magneto drive shaft in the direction opposite to the
indicated rotation until the white mark on the distributor disk coin-
cides with the center line of the end cap window.
(6) Turn the engine over by hand until the firing mark on the fly-
wheel is in the center of- the hole in the left-hand side of the flywheel
housing.
(c) Reinstall the magneto on the engine mounting by means of the
cap screw and retaining nut; be sure to replace the gasket and lock
washers in their proper places.
((/) The magneto should be pivoted about the screw in the top flange
opening until the white mark of the distributor disk is in line with
the center of the window in the end cover.
(e) Tighten the cap screw and lock nut to secure the magneto in
correctly timed position.
(2) If the tractor is provided with a type FMJ magneto, the foU
lowing procedure should be followed for replacement :
(a) First, set the magneto for actual spark discharge to No. 1
termiiial. This is accomplished by replacing the ignition cable of
o
486870 O— 4'2-
25
TM 9-782
35
Tractor, LIGHT, wheeled industrial type
No. 1 socket with a short, stiff wire, bent to within % inch of the
magneto frame. Then turn the magneto rotor in its normal direction
of rotation until a spark is observed between the wire and the frame.
The impulse coupling should be held in the position at which the trip
occurred.
(b) Eemove the spark plug, or otherwise determine top dead center
for the position of No. 1 cylinder. Turn the engine over until this
position is obtained (be certain that it is on the compression stroke).
Figure 10.— Carburetor and manifold.
(c) Without disturbing ,the setting of either the magneto or the
engine, the magneto is coupled to the engine by engaging the drive
lugs of the impulse coupling with the driving slots of the engine drive
member. A slight movement of the flywheel may be necessary to
secure accurate alinement.
(d) Tighten the cap screw and retaining nut to secure the magneto
in the correctly timed position. Be sure to replace the gasket and their
washers in their proper places.
e. Lubrication. — The magneto is permanently oiled at the. time of
manufacture and should not be lubricated in the field.
26
TM 9-782
TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE 36
NTAKE: STAXK
WIR!- HLJER
ELLMfNT
■SPRING
CLAMP
:Olt CUF
RA PD 5649
Figure 11. — Air cleaner — sectional view.
36. Spark plugs, — a. The spark plugs issued for use on this engine
are of the regular automotive type, li-mm size.
27
TM 9-782
36-38 TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE
6. At the time of the 100-hour inspection or whenever spark plug
replacement is found necessary, unserviceable plugs will be replaced by
serviceable plugs.
c. To remove spark flugs. — (1) Disconnect the magneto cable from
each plug.
(2) Using a spark plug wrench provided, unscrew the spark plugs^
and remove them together with their gaskets.
(3) When replacing with serviceable plugs, be sure to install new
gaskets under the spark plugs and tighten them sufficiently to prevent
gas leakage around the plugs.
(4), Do not use a wrench with a handle more than 10 inches long.
It is possible to distort certain sections of the plug if too much force
is used to tighten the spark plugs in the engine cylinders.
37. Ignition wiring. — At the time of the 100-hour inspection, the
magneto cables should be inspected for defective insulation, loose con-
tacts, and dirt. If dirty, they should be cleaned with solvent, dry-
cleaning. If otherwise defective, they should be replaced with new
cable.
38. Carburetor. — a. Description. — The carburetor is of the up-
draft type and is attached directly to the lower part of the intake
manifold by means of mating flanges and two cap screws with as-
sociated lock washers (fig. 10) .
i. Maintenance. — ^After the carburetor is properly installed, little
attention is needed between major engine overhauls. A small plug
is provided as a drain in the bottom of the carburetor float chamber.
The gasoline supply should be shut off by the valve at the gasoline
tank and the drain plug removed at frequent intervals to allow ac-
cumulated dirt to be discharged from the system. The entire car-
buretor should be inspected to insure that all parts are tight, and that
there are no cracks or other defects in the body.
c. Replacement. — When it becomes necessary to remove or replace
a carburetor, the procedure below should be followed :
(1) Shut off the valve in the main fuel line beneath the fuel tank.
(2) Disconnect the fuel line from the carburetor.
(3) Drain the carburetor by removing the drain plug. Rein-
stall the plug after draining.
(4) Disconnect the throttle linkage.
(5) Disconnect the air cleaner connections at the carburetor in-
take.
(6) Remove the two cap screws used to secure the carburetor to
the manifold flange knd remove carburetor.
(7) Remove carburetor gasket.
28
TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE
TM 9-782
38
(8) To replace carburetor, reverse the steps outlined above, install-
ing a new carburetor gasket before mounting the carburetor to mani-
fold flange.
d. Adjustment. — After a new carburetor is installed it will be
adjusted to the engine. Two adjustments are provided, one for con-
trolling the idling speed of the engine and one for quality of mixture
at idling speed.
FiQCEE 12. — Valve tappet adjustment.
(1) Pull the hand throttle control lever all the way back to the
"Off" position.
(2) With the engine idling, adjust needle valve located on front
top of the carburetor (fig. 10) for correct fuel mixture. Back off
the needle until the engine begins to run unevenly, then turn the needle
inwardly (clockwise) slowly until the engine runs smoothly. Turn-
ing the needle inwardly provides for a richer mixture to be delivered
to the engine.
29
TM 9-782
38-39 TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE
(3) The normal needle setting is approximately li/^ turns out from
the seat. After the mixture has been properly set, regulate the idling
speed, of the engine by adjusting the set screw on the throttle valve
arm located on the inner side of the carburetor to obtain the lowest
idling speed consistent with reliable operation of the engine. After
making this adjustment, recheck the setting of idle needle valve
adjustment.
39. Air cleaner. — a. Description. — An air cleaner of the oil bath
type (fig. 11) is mounted on the left-hand side of the tractor and is
hose connected to the carburetor air intake opening.
h. Maintenance. — Instructions for the care of the air cleaner are
given on the air cleaner body. At the end of every day's operation,
the air cleaner should be serviced in the following manner :
(1) Kemove the oil cup from the cleaner body.
(2) Empty oil and dirt from the cup and clean thoroughly.
(3) KefiU the oil cup to the, level pf the bead stamped on its side,
with the proper oil as specified in the lubrication guide, section IV.
Care should be taken not to overfill the cup above the level of the
bead.
(4) Replace cup. Be sure the cup assembly is properly fastened.
(5) Inspect hose connections to carburetor to see that they are
tight and that the hose is in good condition. If defective, it should
be replaced.
y~ ••;OCKLR ARMS
/— RCCKER SHAFT
HEAD
VALVE SPRING
RA PD 5651
FicnBEia. — Cylinder head assembly.
30
TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE
TM 9-782
39-40
RA PD 5652
Figure 14. — Cylinder head— underside.
c. Filter elenn&nt. — Once every season the filter element will be
washed with cleaning fluid or gasoline and dried by blowing out with
compressed air in reverse direction to that of normal air travel.
d. Replacement of air cleamer. — In the event it becomes. necessary to
remove and replace the air cleaner, proceed as follows:
(1) Loosen the hose clamp near the air cleaner end of the carburetor
hose connection.
(2) Kemove the two hex head cap screws, which secure the air
cleaner to the engine block.
(3) To replace, proceed in the reverse of the above procedure, being
sure to replace the lock washers beneath the heads of the cap screws.
e. Breather cap. — The breather cap should be serviced daily as out-
lined in paragraph 15.
40. Governor. — The governor unit is located in front of the mag-
neto support bracket. It functions to regulate and limit the speed of
the engine in accordance with the throttle settings. This provides a
'constant engine speed and prevents dangerous overspeeding. The
governor must not be tampered with in the field.
31
TM 9-782
41-43 TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE
41. Engine lubrication requirements. — For description of the
engine lubricating system and the proper lubricants to be used there-
with, refer to paragraph 13.
42. Valve tappet adjustment. — The valve clearance is adjusted
with the engine at normal operating temperature. The following
procedure is prescribed (fig. 12) :
a. Remove the cylinder head cover (fig. 7) by removing the two
hex nuts and their associated washers which hold it in place and
lift off.
. 6. Turn the engine over with the hand crank until the valve to be
checked is fully closed and its push rod is in its lowest position.
c. Check clearance between the rocker arm and valve stem with a
0.010-inch feeler gage.
d. If the clearance is too large or too small loosen the valve adjusting
screw lock nut and then turn the screw until there is a 0.010-inch
clearance between the rocker arm and valve stem as measured with a
feeler gage.
e. Tighten the lock nut and again check the clearance to be sure
that it has not changed from 0.010 inch by the tightening operation.
/. Check and adjust the clearance of each valve as in & to e.
g. Replace the cylinder head cover and the nuts and washers used
to hold it in place.
43. Cylinder head. — a. The cylinder head (figs. 13 and 14) is of
the valve-in-head type with removable valve guides.
6. Replacement. — To replace the cylinder head with the valves
assembled, proceed as follows :
(1) Take off the" hood.
(2) Drain the cooling system by opening the drain on the bottom
manifold of the radiator and the drain cock on the left hand side of
the block.
(3) Remove fuel line connections and carburetor control rod.
(4) Remove spark plug wires and spark plugs.
(5) Remove cylinder head cover.
(6) Remove rocker arm assembly by unscrewing the hex nuts from
the rocker arm support studs, and removing the nuts and washers.
(7) Disconnect water manifold and oil line.
(8) Remove all cylinder head cap screws.
(9) Lift off the cylinder head and valve assembly, and remove the
old gasket.
(10) Before reinstalling the head, clean the bottom of the head and
the top of the block.
(11) Install a new head gasket on the top of the cylinder block.
32
TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE
TM &-783
43-44
(12) Keplace the cylinder head and cylinder head cap screws. The
cylinder head cap screws should be tightened to insure even pressure
over the entire surface of the cylinder head. This may be best accom-
plished by drawing up all the cap screws handtight and then tightening
them with a wrench, starting with the center cap screws and working
toward the ends. Each cap screw should be tightened a small amount
at a time, and each of them should be gone over three or four times
before they are tight.
(13) Ee verse the older of disassembly of parts to complete the re-
placement of cylinder head parts.
(14) After the motor has been started and warmed up, the cylinder
head cap screws should be again tightened.
(15) After the cylinder head has been replaced the valve clearances
should be checked and adjusted as described in paragraph 42.
FUEL TANK CAP
TO REMOVE FUEL TANK
Q REMOVE STOVE BOUTS AT '■RONT END OF MO^D
©REMOVE MOOD STRAP AT REAR OE HOOD.
(3) REMOVE FUEL LINE AT FUEL FILTER.
©REMOVE 2 CAPSCfiEWS, ONE ON EACH SIDE
J
FiGUEE 15. — Removal of fuel tank.
Section IV
GASOLINE SUPPLY SYSTEM
Paragraph
Description 44
Fuel strainer 45
Fuel lines : 46
Grades of engine gasoline : : 47
44. Description. — a. Tank. — ^A fuel tank having a capacity of 12
gallons is mounted at the rear of the engine hood directly in front of
the operator. A shut-off valve is located at the bottom of the tank on
the left hand side.
33
TM 9-782
44-45 TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE
CC) V'sAI'
RA PD 5654
FiGCEB 16. — Fuel strainer.
b. Drain. — There are no drain plugs provided for the fuel tank. In
order to drain the tank it will be necessary to disconnect the fuel line
and open the shut-off valve.
c. Replacement. — Fuel tanks will be replaced when excessive rust is
present or when leaks develop. To remove the fuel tanks, proceed
as follows (see fig. 15) :
(1) Remove stove bolts at front end of hood.
(2) Remove hood strap at rear of hood.
(3) Remove fuel line at fuel filter and drain tank.
(4) Remove two cap screws, one on each side at the rear of the tank.
(5) To replace, proceed in the reverse order of removal.
45. Fuel strainer. — a. Description. — ^A fuel filter (fig. 16) is lo-
cated at the bottom of the fuel tank connected between the fuel tank
and the carburetor. The fuel filter should be inspected daily and
cleaned when necessary.
h. Maintenance. — To service the fuel filter, proceed as follows :
(1) Shut off the valve in fuel line at the tank.
(2) Remove the glass bowl and filter screen.
(3) Wash out with gasoline any sediment or water that may have
accumulated. .^ ^ _c ' ,s,;,
(4) Replace the glass boiiyl and screen, and make sure that the gasket
for the bowl of the filter is in good condition and in its proper place.
34
TM 9-782
TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE 45-48
(5) Turn valve in fuel line to "On" position before attempting to
start engine. '
46. Fuel lines. — Fuel flows from the fuel tank by gravity through
the fuel tanks shut-off valve, fuel filter, and then to the carburetor.
The connecting line should be inspected for tightness at the end con-
nections and for dents in the line, which would block it, and for leaks.
If the line is found to be in a leaky condition or blocked by dents, it
should be replaced. Accumulation of sediment in the line may also
block the line ; this may be corrected by drawing a small wire through
the line to clean the passage and then washing out with gasoline.
After it has been determined that the line is clear, it should be blown
dry-
47. Grades of engine gasoline. — Gasoline, all purpose, having
an octane rating of 80, is preferred and should be used. In emergency,
commercial gasoline with an octane rating of not less than 70 may
be used. '
Section V
COOLING SYSTEM
Paragraph
Description—-, . 48
Operating and servicing i 49
Fan belt tension 50
Replacement of heat Indicating gage— ^— __ -51
To replace thermostat 52
48. Description. — a. Radiator. — The water cooling system (fig.
17) incorporates a tubular type one-piece radiator, a radiator fan, and
a centrifugal water pump. The capacity of the cooling system is two
gallons. The system may be drained by opening the drain cock at the
bottom of the water manifold on the left-hand side of the radiator and
the drain cock on the left-hand side of the engine block in front of the
carburetor.
&. Fan. — The air-flow through the radiator core is maintained by
movement of the vehicle and a four-bladed fan. The fan is mounted
on the water pump shaft and is driven by a V-belt from the pulley
mounted on the forward part of the engine crankshaft.
c. Thermostat. — A thermostat (fig. 19) is mounted in a housing on
the forward part of the engine block. It functions to allow the engine
to warm up quickly by limiting the amount of water circulation until
the water in the engine is heated to a temperature sufficient to open the
thermostat. *
d. Temperature gage. — A water temperature gage is mounted on the
thermostat housing and protrudes through the hood for visibility of the
35
TM 9-782
48-4»
TBACTOB, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE
operator. The desired operating range of the temperature gage is
marked black and the gage is calibrated in degrees Fahrenheit.
49. Operation and servicing. — a. The operator must always be
sure that there is a suflScient supply of water or cooling liquid in tho
system. Should the engine run low on water and overheat, it must
be stopped and allowed to cool before refilling with clean water. The
hose connections and pipes should be examined frequently and replaced
if they show signs of disintegration in order to prevent leaks or obstruc-
tion of the system. If the vehicle is to stand exposed to freezing tem-
perature without sufficient antifreeze protection, the system should be
thoroughly drained (two drain cocks) to prevent extensive damage to
the engine. It is advisable to run the engine for about y^ minute after
draining is complete to eliminate water in pockets and to clear the
pump.
h. Gold weajbh&r preccmtions. — (1) If the temperature at which the
tractor is to be used is expected to fall below 32° F., the system should
be filled with an antifreeze solution. Use either approved alcohol,
ethylene glycol, or the equivalent.
(2) The cooling system should be thoroughly cleaned and any defec-
tive hose connection or pipe replaced. The entire system should be
checked for tightness before any antifreeze solution is added. The
chart below gives the approximate quantity of antifreeze necessary for
different expected teniperature conditions, but it is advisable to check
the protection of any given antifreeze solution with an antifreeze
hydrometer. To the quantity of antifreeze indicated in the chart add
sufficient water to make two gallons of solution.
Antifreeze chart
Freezing point
Ethylene glycol
Radiator glycerin
(pints)
Denatured alcohol
(pints)
-M0° F
4
5
6
7
8
9
9
10
10
8
11
12
14
- 16
5
0° F
6
— 10°F.
7
— 20° F.. -... ..
8
-30° F-_\
10
-40° F.-
11
— 50° F-
12
-60° F-. . --
13
-70° F.. . .
(3) To prevent excessive cooling of the engine and poor operation
in cold weather, the radiator shutters should be kept partly closed or
36
TM 9-782
TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE 49
r:
FtGDEB 17. — Kadlator — sectional view.
37
TM 9-782
49 TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE
SO adjusted that the temperature of the liquid in the cooling system
will be maintained in the normal range indicated on the temperature
gage. - .
c. To clean the system. — The cooling system should be given a sys-
tematic servicing about twice a year (spring and fall). It is par-
ticularly desirable to service the cooling system before the introduc-
tion of antifreeze into the system and after its removal. The servic-
ing of the cooling system includes dissolving of the dirt, rust, scale,
and grease in the system, and flushing. The following procedure is
prescribed.
(1) Drain the system and refill with a solution of i/^ pound of wash-
ing soda, or 1 pound of sal soda, in 2 gallons of water.
(2) Kun the engine with the shutters closed until the solution in
the cooling system boils thoroughly (about i/^ hour).
(3) Drain the liquid from the system by disconnecting the lower
hose connection, care being taken not to scald the hands. The drain
cocks should not be used for this purpose because their openings are
too small and would probably become plugged with rust, scale, or
sediment.
(4) Disconnect the upper hose and thermostat and flush the system.
(5) The system is flushed with clean water in the direction opposite
that of normal flow. The radiator is flushed in the upward.direction
and the block, after it has been allowed to cool, is flushed in the down-
ward direction.
(6) After the system has been flushed put the thermostat in a con-
tainer of hot water and check that it opens. The water should be
heated to 135° F. or almost to boiling before the thermostat opens.
Eemove the thermostat from the hot water and immerse it in cold
water to check that it closes.
(7) If the thermostat does not function properly, it should be re-
placed.
(8) Before reconnecting sections examine the hose, pipes, and their
clamps carefully for serviceability. Replace if swollen, cracked, or
otherwise defective.
(9) Do not use shellac for the hose connections. By means of the
hose clamps, draw the hose up tight enough to prevent leaking.
d. Thawing. — (1) If the water in the cooling system of a vehicle
freezes solid the vehicle must be towed to a warm place where it will
be allowed to thaw out. Under no circumstances should the engine
be run when the water in the system is completely frozen.
(2) If only mush ice is present, it may be thawed by closing the
radiator shutters and running the engine slowly. After the radiator
is steaming, stop the engine and cover radiator and hood. When
38
TM 9-782
TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE 49-50
CA!-: m;illy
nnxi-y riANr,f
■•I ! I ! !
RA fD ssse
FiGDBB 18. — Water pump showing fan belt tension adjustment on pump pulley —
sectional view.
the steaming stops, start the engine again and let it run at idling
speed, keeping the water below the boiling or steaming point until
proper circulation is reestablished. However, if possible it is safer
to place the vehicle in a warm place to allow the mush ice to thaw.
50. Fan belt tension. — a. The fan belt tension should be so ad-
justed as to allow not more than 1/4 inch of deflection at either side
of the belt stretch.
b. To tighten the fan belt, proceed as follows :
(1) Loosen the two nuts on the fan pulley (fig. 18).
(2) Grasp the pulley flange from the rear and turn it coiinter-
clockwise; when desired tension is obtained, tighten the nuts on the
pulley fan.
39
TM 9-783
50-52
TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE
(3.) Do not tighten the fan belt more than the amount necessary
to prevent slippage. , . ,
(4) If the fan belt cannot be tightened sufficiently to prevent slip-
page, or if it is worn or frayed, replace it with a new belt.
51. Beplacement of heat indicating gage. — Replacement of
gage will be necessary if gage becomes damaged or gives incorrect
reading. To replace: remove tractor engine hood, remove gage by
loosening nut under head of gage. When replacing, line up dial so
reading may be obtained from operator's seat. Do not attempt to line
up dial when retaining nut is tight or partly tight as this will damage
gage.
52. To replace thermostat. — a. General. — The thermostat is held
in place in the thermostat housing by a spring and adapter plate.
A gasket located between the thermostat and the housing prevents
water leakage between these parts.
T). To remove thermostat from engine. — (1) Remove the radiator
hose.
(2) Remove the cap screws from the top of the thermostat housing
(fig. 19).
CAP SCREW *tT"^
THERMOSTAT
THERMOSTAT
HOUSING
THERMOSTAT
SPRING
ADAPTER PLATE
CAP SCREW
WATER OUTLET
RAPO 5690
riGDKD 19. — Thermostat.
40
TM 9-782
TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE 52-54
(3) Remove the adapter plate from the bottom of the thermostat
housing by removing the two cap screws and lock washers. The ther-
mostat gasket and the spring can now be removed from the housing.
(4) To replace, proceed in the reverse order of the above disas-
sembly.
Section VI
CLUTCH
Paragraph
Clutch - : - 53
Lubrication : 54
53. Clutch. — a. General. — A single plate, dry disk clutch is
mounted in the forward portion of the torque tube housing. The
clutch is of the spring loaded type. It may be adjusted to provide
for some free movement of the clutch pedal before the clutch begins
to disengage (fig. 20).
&. Adjustinent.—'Y:\\% only adjustment on the clutch is to obtain
y^ inch clearance between the release levers and throw-out bearings.
This clearance diminishes as the clutch facings wear. Each release
lever has an adjusting screw which can be turned to obtain the neces-
sary clearance. To adjust the clearance, proceed as follows :
(1) Remove the plate from the bottom of the clutch housing.
(2) Turn engine over with hand crank until one of the three ad-
justing screws is accessible from the opening.
(3) Loosen the locking nut and turn the adjusting screw until
the distance between the throw-out bearing shoulder and the end
of the release lever is approximately i/^ inch.
(4) Tighten the clamp nut.
(5) Proceed to make the same adjustment on the two remaining
adjusting screws. The clearance should be the same for all three
levers.
(6) Replace the clutch housing cover plate.
54, Lubrication. — The clutch release bearing should be lubricated
with chassis grease as indicated on the lubrication guide. It may be
reached by removing the cover plate in the bottom of the clutch
housing and locking clutch pedal in forward position.
41
TM 9-782
54 TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE
Figure 20. — Clutch adjustment.
42
TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE
TM 9-782
55-57
RA PD 5658
Oilli'
.".iA^r..
TRANSMISSION GEARS
Figure 21. — Transmission and differential — pliantom view. ■
Section VII
POWER TEANSMISSION SYSTEM -
Paragraph
General . : 55
Drive shaft , 56
Transmission and differential 57
Final drive 58
55. General. — The power transmission system comprises the drive
shaft, transmission, differential, and final drive mechanisms.
56. Drive shaft. — a. Description. — The drive shaft connects the
clutch and transmission for transfer of power. A universal joint is
provided just ahead of the transmission to allow for displacement of
the transmission case relative to the drive shaft. The entire assembly
is inclosed in a torque tube through which the engine power is trans-
mitted to the vehicle. The torque tube also forms a housing for the
clutch and clutch shaft.
i. Maintenance. — No maintenance operations for the drive shaft are
authorized the using arms maintenance personnel.
57. Transmission and diff erential.^a. Description. — The trans-
mission and differential are both installed in the same case, as shown
in figure 21. The transmission provides three forward speeds and
43
TM 9-782
57-58
TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE
one reverse speed for the tractor. A plug, located at the bottom of
the transmission case, can be removed to drain the lubricant from
the case when necessary.
&. Lubrication. — The level of the lubricant in the transmission dif-
ferential gear case should be checked after every 250 operating hours,
and lubricant of the proper seasonal grade added if necessary. For in-
formation pn the proper grade of gear oil and supplementary lubrica-
tion instructions, refer to section IV.
c. Maintenance. — Only the maintenance operation described above
is authorized.
FiGUEE 22. — Final drive case.
58. Final drive. — a. Description. — A housing for the final drive
gears (figs. 22 and 23) is attached to each side of the transmission
case by four studs and nuts. A pinion shaft connects the final drive
reduction gearing with the differential and transmission. Keyed to
each pinion shaft is a brake drum through which the hand brake
acts to stop the rear wheels. At the outer end of each pinion shaft is
mounted a small final drive gear which meshes with a large final
44
TM 9-782
TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE 58
drive gear mounted on. the stub axle for transmission of power to the
wheels.
&. Lubrication. — (1) The finaldrive gears and bearings are all lubri-
cated by oil contained in an oil pan bolted to the bottom of each
final drive housing.
(2) The level of the lubricant in the final drive oil pan should be
checked after every 60 operating hours and, if necessary, lubricant
of the proper seasonal grade added. For information on the proper
grade of gear oil and supplementary lubrication instructions, see
section IV.
c. Maintenance. — Only the maintenance operation described above is
authorized.
BEARING C
DRIVE GEAR
Rl'AR AXLE
btARiNC CUP
PINION SHAFT j
CONKECriNG with!
OlFFSKEt,'TiAl- AND '
TRANSMISSION
LARGE fir.AL
DRIVE ChK'
RA PD 5660
Figure 23. — Final drive gears — phantom view.
45
TM 9-782
59-60
TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE
Section VIII
BEAKES
Paragraph
59
60
General , ,
Brake adjustment ;
59. General. — Separate brakes of the inclosed contracting type
are provided for each of the rear wheels. Separate brake operating
handles are provided which permit the selective application of brakes
to either or both of the rear wheels. The hand brakes may be used
as an aid in turning by applying the brake on the side toward which
the turn is to be made while engine power is being transmitted to the
rear wheels. As the front wheels are turned, the tractor will pivot
about the rear wheel oil which the brake is being applied and make
sharper turns possible.
60. Brake adjustment. — a. Adjustment (fig. 24) is the only main-
tenance operation authorized to be performed on the brakes,
5. To adjust —
(1) Kemove the cover from the top of the brake housing.
(2) Tighten the adjusting nut until the brake latch can only be
engaged in the top notch of lever.
BRAKE LEVER
BRAKE BAND ADJUSTING NUT
BRAKE BAND RETURN SPRING
BRAKE BAND
Q BRAKE DRUM
RA PD 5661
FiGDRB 24. — Brake adjustment.
46
TM &-782
TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE 61-62
Section IX
WHEELS AND TIRES
Paragraph
Front wheels 61
Front wheel bearings 62
Rear wheels '. 63
Hydromatic rear tires 6i
61. Front wheels. — a. General. — The front wheels (fig. 25) are
of the pressed steel type with drop center rim riveted to the wheel
body. Each wheel is secured to a front wheel hub by five hub bolts.
Front tires are 5.00 by 15 inch size, ribbed industrial type. Proper
inflation pressure is 28 p. s. i-
b. To change front tires. — (1) Jack up the front wheel.
(2) Take off the wheel by removing the five hub bolts with the
wrench provided.
(3) Lay wheel and tire flat on the ground and remove the valve core
to deflate the tire.
(4) Break tire beads loose from the rim.
(5)- Using the tire tool provided, pry the bead over the edge of the
rim.
(6) Push the valve stem inside of the rim and proceed until tire
and tube are removed from the wheel.
c. To replace. — Reverse the above outlined procedure after first
replacing the valve core and inflating the tube sufficiently to maintain
its shape within the tire.
62. Front wheel bearings. — Each front wheel is provided with
a pair of taper roller bearings to reduce friction and maintain reliable
operation. Hub caps are provided on the wheel hubs to keep out dirt
and prevent premature wear from this cause.
a. Lubrication. — Front wheel bearings are to be replenished with
chassis grease of the proper seasonal grade, as shown in the lubrication
guide in section IV, after each day's operation.
b. To adjttst front wheel bearings. — (1) Jack up the front wheel.
(2) Remove hub cap.
(3) Remove cotter pin from front wheel spindle.
(4) Tighten the slotted hex nut until the wheel binds slightly when
rotated by hand. Then back off the nut until the nearest slot is alined
with the cotter pin hole.
(5) Install a new cotter pin of the same size and replace the hub cap.
0. Disassembly and assembly. — When replacement of front wheel
bearings is necessary due to wear, or defective parts, proceed as follows :
(1) Jack up the front wheel.
(2) Remove hub cap.
47
TM 9-782
62-63 TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE
r
RA PO 55S;
Figure 25. — Front and rear wheels.
(3) Eemove cotter pin from front wheel spindle.
(4) Examine air seal and replace if necessary.
(5) Unscrew, the slotted hex nut from the front wheel spindle.
(6) Pull cone bearing and remove wheel from spindle.
(7) Pull inner bearing.
(8) To assemble, reverse the steps of the procedure outlined above.
(9) Adjust the front wheel bearing as described in paragraph 626.
63. Bear wheels. — a. The rear wheels, of cast iron construction,
are supported and driven by a splined axle connected to the final drive
gears. An 8.00 by 24 inch tire is mounted on a one-piece rim which in
turn is mounted on the wheel by two stationary rim clamps and two
adjustable rim clamps held in place by eccentric bolts. The stationary
rim clamps are installed 90° apart When replacing wheel make cer-
tain the eccentric rim bolts are turned out to the tightest position
obtainable, locking in this position with lug bolt nut. This procedure
locks rim firinly to wheel.
&. To change rear tires. — To change rear tires, proceed as follows :
(1) Remove the liquid from the tires as in paragraph 64c.
(2) Jack up the rear wheel.
(3) Remove the rim clamps by taking off the eight wheel nuts and
their lock washers with the wrench provided.
(4) Remove tire and rim from the wheel.
(5) -Dismount and replace tire from rim as described in para-
graph 61.
48
TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE
TM 9-782
64
64. Hydromatic rear tires. — a. Description. — To obtain maxi-
mum traction and stability for the tractor, the rear tires are of the
hydromatic type, that is, partly filled with liquid (fig. 26) . The liquid
adds weight to the tractor near the ground, lowering the center of grav-
ity, and tends to eliminate bouncing to a great extent. To prevent
freezing, the liquid used in the tires is a solution of calcium chloride
and water. The solution prescribed below will in no way harm the
casing, tube, or valve, and will not freeze at temperatures as low as
-40° F.
VALVE IN TOP POSITION
LIQUID LINE WHEN TRACTOR
IS STANDING STILL
RA PD 5663
FiGDRE 26. — Hydromatic rear tire.
h. Charging. — (1) For each tire make up a solution as follows: Dis-
solve 43 pounds of calcium chloride in 12 gallons of water. The cal-
cium chloride should be poured into the container of water rather than
water poured over the calcium chloride to prevent formation of large
lumps, and to facilitate making the solution. Cold water may be
used since the crystals will readily dissolve in it.
(2) Jack up one rear wheel until the tire is clear of the ground,
using blocks in addition to the jack as a safety precaution.
(3) Rotate the wheel until the valve stem of the tire is at the top.
(4) Install a conical cap on the valve stem or take other precau-
tions to prevent the stem from slipping inside the wheel rim.
49
TM 9-782
64 TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE
(5) Remove the valve core or, if of two-piece construction, the core
and housing, to release the air.
(6) Connect the discharge hose from the force pump (fig. 2) to the
valve stem and pump the calcium chloride solution into the tire.
FiGCRE 27. — Pump for flUlDt; hydromatic tires.
(7) After about one-ha;rf of the required amount of solution has
been pumped into the tire and after the pressure in the pump is
spent, press the air release on the hose connection to release air which
has been compressed by the liquid forced into the tire.
(8) Continue pumping until the required amount of liquid has
been put into the tire.
(9) Disconnect the pump hose from the valve stem.
(10) Reinstall valve core (or valve core and housing).
50
TM 9-782
tractor; light, wheeled industrial type 64
(11) Inflate the tire with compressed air to a pressure of 30 p. s. i.
to seat the beads.
(12) After the beads are seated, reduce the tire pressure to about
17 p. s. i. .
(13) Remove the jack and blpcks.and repeat the above steps with
the other rear tire.
Figure 28.^-rFiUing hydromatic tires.
(14) After the tractor has been driven for about an hour, check the
tire pressure again and make a final adjustment of pressure to 12
p. s. i.
Note. — When measuring tire pressure, be sure the valve stem is at the top
of the wheel to avoid loss of liquid.
51
TM 9-782
64 TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE
c. Draining. — :Two procedures may be followed in draining the
hydromatic rear tireg. When a supply, of calcium chloride crystals
and water is at hand, it is preferable to discard the old solution when
removed. However, if such supply is not readily obtainable, the solu-
tion may be removed from the tires and saved for refilling them.
(1) The following procedure will be followed when it is desired
to discard' the old solution :
(a) Stop the tractor so the valve stem of the rear wheel is at the
lowest point of its travel.
(6) Remove the valve core (or valve core and housing), and allow
the weight of the tractor to force the liquid out.
( c) All but about one-fourth of the solution will drain out of the tire.
This residual amoimt will not prevent satisfactory handling in chang-
ing the tire.
(2) If the solution is to be saved for refilling, proceed as follows:
(a) Stop the tractor with the valve stem at the top of the wheel
(at its highest point above the ground) and remove the core (or core
and housing) .
(b) Disconnect the hose from the force pimip and connect it to the
valve stem. .
(c) Have on hand a container with a capacity of more than 12
gallons.
(d) Direct the discharge of the hose into the container and drive
the tractor slowly forward until the valve stem revolves to its lowest
point, near the gr9und.
(e) The draining process may be hastened by jacking up the wheel
and with the pump hose attached to the valve stem, connecting the air
valve fitting to the loose end of the hose. Turn the wheel so the valve
stem is at the top and put in about 35 pounds of air with a tire pump
or pressure line. Then turn the wheel so that the valve is at the bot-
tom of the wheel and remove the air valve fitting. The air pressure
will force the liquid out through the hose rapidly. This operation
may be repeated if necessary.
d. Precaution. — The water solution of calcium chloride as made up
for tractor tires is not dangerous. However, it is slightly corrosive
by tiature and will attack clothing or cause irritation to the skin
of some persons. It is therefore advisable to avoid direct contact
with the solution. If skin or clothing have been in contact with the
solution, the best remedy is to wash with plenty of clean water.
52
TM 9-782
TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE 65-66
Section X
PAINTING
Paragraph
General - 65
Preparing for painting ; : 66
Painting metal surfaces l -i- 67
Paint as .a camouflage - : 68
Removing paint , ^ 69
Painting lubricating devices 70
65. General. — a. Ordnance materiel is painted before issue to the
using arms and one maintenance coat per year will ordinarily be
ample for protection. With but few exceptions this materiel will be
painted with enamel, synthetic, olive-drab, lusterless. The enamel
may be applied over old coats of long oil enamel and oil paint previously
issued by the Ordnance Department if the old coat is in satisfactory
condition for repainting.
b. Paints and enamels are usually isstied ready for use and are ap-
plied by brush or spray. They may be brushed on satisfactorily when
used unthinned in the original package consistency or when thinned no
more' than 5 percent by volume with thinner. The enamel will spray
satisfactorily when thinned with 15 percent by volume of thinner.
(Linseed oil must not be used as a thinner since it will impart a luster
not desired in this enamel.) If sprayed, it dries hard enough for
repainting within one-half hour and dries hard in 16 hours.
c. Complete information on painting is contained in TM 9-850.
66. Preparing for painting. — a. If the base coat on the materiel
is in poor condition, it is more desirable to strip the old paint from the
surface than to use sanding and touch-up methods. After stripping, it
will then be necessary to apply a primer coat.
b. Primer, ground, synthetic, should be used on wood as a base coat
for synthetic enamel. It may be applied either by brushing or spray-
ing. It will brush satisfactorily as received or after the addition of
not more than 5 percent by volume of thinner. It will be dry enough
to touch in 30 minutes, and hard in 5 to 7 hours. For spraying, it may
be thinned with not more than 15 percent by volume of thinner.
Lacquers must not be applied to the primer, ground, synthetic, within
less than 48 hours.
c. Primer, synthetic, rust inhibiting, for bare metal, should be used
on metal as a base coat. Its use and application is similar to that
outlined in b above.
d. The success of a job of painting depends partly on the selection
of a suitable paint, and also largely upon the care used in preparing
53
TM 9-782
66-68 TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE
the surface prior to painting. All parts to be painted should be free
from rust, dirt, grease, kerosene, oil, and alkali, and must be dry.
67. Painting metal surfaces. — If metal parts are in need of
cleaning, they should be washed in a liquid solution consisting of
y2 pound of soda ash in 8 quarts of warm water, or an equivalent
solution, then rinsed in clear water and wiped thoroughly dry. Wood
parts in need of cleaning should be treated in the same manner, but
the alkaline solution must not be left on for more than a few minutes
and the surfaces should be wiped dry as soon as they are washed
clean. When automotive equipment is in fair condition and only
marred in spots, the bad places should be touched with enamel,
synthetic, olive-drab, lusterless, and permitted to dry. The whole
surface will then be sandpapered with paper, flint. No. 1, and finish
coat of enamel, synthetic, olive-drab, lusterless, applied and allowed
to dry thoroughly before the materiel is used. If the equipment is in
bad condition, all parts should be thoroughly sanded with paper, flint,
No. 2, or equivalent, given a coat of primer, ground, synthetic, and per-
mitted to dry for at least 16 hours. They will then be sandpapered
with paper, flint, No. 00, wiped free from dust and dirt, and a final
coat of enamel, synthetic, olive-drab, lusterless, applied and allowed to
dry thoroughly before the materiel is used.
68. Paint as a camouflage. — Camouflage is now a major con-
sideration in painting ordnance vehicles, with rust-prevention second-
ary. The camouflage plan at present employed utilizes three factors :
Color, gloss, and stenciling. ...
a. Cofor.— Vehicles are painted with enamel, synthetic, olive-drab,
lusterless, which was chosen to blend in reasonably well with the
average landscape.
h. Gloss. — The new lusterless 'enamel makes a vehicle difficult to
see from air or from relatively great distances over land. A
vehicle painted with ordinary glossy paint can be detected more easily
and at greater distances.
c. Stenciling. — White stencil numbers on vehicles have been elim-
inated because they can be photographed from the air. A blue-drab
stencil enamel is now used which cannot be so photographed. It is
illegible to the eye at distances exceeding 75 feet.
d. Preserving camouflage. — (1) Continued friction or rubbing must
be avoided, as it will smooth the surface and produce a gloss. The
vehicle should not be washed more than once a week. Care should
be taken to see that the washing is done entirely with a sponge or a
soft rag. The surface should never be rubbed or wiped, except while
wet, or- a gloss will develop.
54
TM 9-782.
. tractor; light, wheeled industrial type 68-70
(2) It is not desirable that vehicles, painted with lusterless enamel,
be kept as clean as vehicles were kept when glossy paint was used.
A small amount of dust increases the camouflage value. Grease spots
should be removed with solvent, dry-cleaning. Whatever portion of
the spot cannot be so removed should be allowed to remain.
(3) Continued friction of wax-treated tarpaulins on the sides of a
vehicle will also produce a gloss, which should be removed with sol-
vent, dry-cleaning.
(4) Tests indicate that repainting with olive-drab paint will be
necessary once yearly, with blue-drab paint twice yearly.
69. Removing paint. — After repeated paintings, the paint may
become so thick as to crack and scale off in places, presenting an
unsightly appearance. If such is the case, remove the old paint by
use of a lime-and-lye solution (see TM 9-850 for details) or remover,
paint and varnish. It is important that every trace of lye or other
paint remover be completely rinsed off and that the equipment be per-
fectly dry before repainting is attempted. It is preferable that the
use of lye solutions be limited to iron or steel parts. If used on wood,
the lye solution rtiust not be allowed to remain on the surface for more
than a minute before being thoroughly rinsed off and the surface
wiped dry with rags. Crevices or cracks in wood should be filled
with putty and the wood sandpapered before refinishing. The sur-
faces thus prepared should be painted according to directions in
paragraph 67.
70. Painting lubricating devices. — Oil cups, grease fittings, oil
holes, and similar lubricating devices, as well as a circle about three-
fourths of an inch in diameter at each point of lubrication will be
painted with enamel, red, water-resisting, in order that they may be
readily located.
55
TM 9-782
Appendix
EEFERENCES
1. Standard Nomenclature Lists.
a. Gleaning, preserving, and lubricating materials SNL K-1
&. Tractor, wheeled, industrial type (AUis-Chalmers
"B") , SNL G-94
Current Standard Nomenclature Lists are as tabu-
lated here. An up-to-date list of SNL's is main-
tained as the "Ordnance Publications for Supply
Index" OPSI
2. Explanatory publications.
a. Automotive electricity TM 10-580
6. Cleaning, preserving, and lubricating materials TM 9-850
c. Lubrication.
Automotive lubrication____ TM 10-540
Lubrication instructions for —
Tractor, light, wheeled, industrial type OFSB 6-G-94
Tractor, light, wheeled, industrial type Lubrication guide
d. Storage of motor vehicle equipment -^ AR 850-18
e. Tractor materiel. ■
Cold weather operation of automotive equip-
ment __- OFSB6-G-3
Defense against chemical attack FM 21-40
Motor transport ^_ FM 25-10
56
TM 9-782
INDEX
Paragraph Page
Air cleaner _. 15, 39 9, 30
Brakes 5, 59, 60 4, 46
Breather cap 15 9
Carburetor 38 28
Care and preservation 22-24 13
Cleaning .- 1 23, 26 13, 14
Clutch 5,53,54 4,41
Cooling system 48-52 35
Cold weather starting ' 10 8
Crankcase 15 9
Cylinder head 43 32
Data, tabulated : 4 3
Decontamination 27 14
Description, tractor 3 2
Differential . 57 43
Drive shaft . 56 43
Engine:
Air cleaner ^ 39 30
Carburetor ■_ 38 ' 28
Cylinder head 43 32
Governor 40 31
Lubrication 41 32
Magneto 35 24
Manifolds 34 23
Oilpump.. 33 22
Organization instructions 32-43 21
Sparkplugs 1 36 27
System . 13 8
Trouble-shooting 30 18
Valve tappet 42 32
Equipment .___ 31 20
Fan 48 35
Fan belt tension . 50 39
Final drive gear , 58 44
Fittings ' 15 9
Fuellines 46 35
Fuel strainer _,^ 45 34
Gage, heat.__ 51 40
Gas, materiel affected by 25-28 14
Gasoline supply system . 44-47 33
Gear cases . . ,._ 15, 16 9, 10
67
TM 9-782
INDEX
. Paragraph Page
Gear, final drive 58 44
Gear shift lever 6 4
Governor 15, 40 9, 31
Heat indicating gage_ 51 40
Ignition wiring 37 28
Inspection :
After operations 20 12
During operations L ; 19 11
Periodic , 21 12
Prestarting 6,18 4,11
Purpose 17 11
Lubrication 12-16,35,41,50 8,24,
32, 39
Maintenance 29-30 ' 16
Magneto- 35 24
Manifolds-J , i 34 23
Oilfilter : 14, 15 9
Oil pump -33 22
Operating instructions and controls 5-11 4
Operation of cooling system 49 38
Painting:
Camouflage 1 68 54
Lubricating devices 70 55
Metal surfaces . 24, 67 14, 54
Preparations ^j 66 53
Removing 69 55
Personnel, maintenance 29 16
Power transmission system 55-58 43
Precautions against gas 28 16
Prestarting inspection 6 4
Protective measures, gas 25 14
Publications, explanatory App. 56
Radiator 48 35
Records . .l 22 13
Safety precaution 11 . 8
SNL's . App. 55
Sparkplugs 36 27
Starting 7 5
Steering wheel 5 4
Stopping 9 7
Tabulated data 4 3
Temperature gage 48 35
Thermostat. _ 1 _" 48 35
Throttle 5 4
Tires-- 61-64 47
Tires, hydromatic rear. 64 49
58
TM 9-782
INDEX
Paragraph Page
Tools... . .- ..__. 31 20
Transmission 57 • 43
Trouble-shooting, engine 30 18
Valve tappet adjustment 42 32
Wheels:
Front 61 47
Front, bearings 62 47
Rear 63 48
Wiring, ignition 37 28
[A. G. 062.11 (4-24-42).]
By order of the Secretary of War :
G. C. MAKSHALL,
Chief of Staff.
Official :
J. A. ULIO,
Major Gen&rdl,
The Adjutant General.
Distribution :
X.
(For explanation of symbols see FM 21-6.) >
59
U. 5. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE; 1942
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